Thyreostats are growth-promoters banned in Europe since 1981. The identification of thiouracil (TU) in animal biological matrices can, however, no longer be systematically interpreted as a consequence of illegal administration. Indeed, some experimental results have indicated a causal link between cruciferous-based diet and the presence of TU in urine of bovines. The present study aims at investigating, on a large scale (n > 1300), the natural occurrence of thiouracil in urine samples collected from different animal species. TU was identified in main breeding animal species: bovine, porcine and ovine. The natural distribution of TU allowed proposing threshold values to differentiate compliant from suspect urine samples. Suggested values are 5.7 and 9.1 µg l−1 in male adult bovines (6–24 months), 3.1 and 8.1 µg l−1 in female adult bovines (6–24 months), 7.3 and 17.7 µg l−1 in calves (<6 months), 3.9 and 8.8 µg l−1 in female bovines (>24 months), and 2.9 and 4.1 µg l−1 in porcines at a 95 and 99% confidence level, respectively.


Values are one of the basic identifier of personality traits and are not innate but acquired by training. Although values can be taught in all stages of life, values education gain importance in childhood because personality takes shape in it. Values education firstly begins in family, than continues at educational institutions. Basic values are acquired respectively by taking parents as role models and education at schools. For the strengthened personality traits, the values thought at whole life must be coherent. Especially consistency of school and family that is important on children personality highlights for values education. If there is no consistency between the values that students learned or witnessed in the school and in the family, then conflicts are occurred and these situations cause personality disorders. This research aims to investigate the importance of family and school consistency in values education and how it should be during fundamental/primary education level. Considering findings, proposals were developed for family and school in values education.


A new family of metal perfluoroalkyl fluoro compounds has been obtained by treatment of the iodo precursors Cp*Ir(PMe3)(RF)I with AgF in CH2Cl2 solution in the dark to give Cp*Ir(PMe3)(RF)F (RF = CF3, CF2CF3, CF2CF2CF3, CF(CF3)2, CF(CF3)(CF2CF3)). The molecular structures of the compounds with RF = CF2CF3, CF2CF2CF3, CF(CF3)2 have been determined crystallographically. These fluoro compounds provide a ready and reproducible route to the analogous methyl complexes Cp*Ir(PMe3)(RF)CH3, by treatment with exactly 0.5 equiv of Zn(CH3)2 at low temperatures in toluene. Alkylation with other reagents such as CH3Li and Cp2Zr(CH3)2 leads to inseparable mixtures. This metathesis of Ir−F and Zn−CH3 represents the only way to date for the clean reproducible synthesis of Cp*Ir(PMe3)(RF)CH3 compounds containing primary perfluoroalkyl groups. The molecular structures of Cp*Ir(PMe3)(RF)CH3 (RF = CF2CF3, CF2CF2CF3) have been determined crystallographically.


Treaties — Interpretation of — Principles and rules of — Natural meaning of words — Statement of facts not constituting legal obligation — Restrictive interpretation — Exclusion by "broad language" of treaty. Treaties — Interpretation of — Consideration of preparatory work — Restraint in use of. Disputes — Arbitration — The award — Scope of — Rationes decidendi not part of award — Exchange of letters after award to resolve ambiguity. International organization — Officials — Immunity from national income tax.


Currently, submission of new SNP entries into SNP repositories such as dbSNP by NCBI is done by manual curation. This gives rise to errors and ambiguities in SNP data entries. Due to the exponential increase in SNP discovery, there is a necessity to create algorithms to accurately and rapidly map SNPs as they are discovered in real time and depositing these entries automatically into a central SNP database. UASMAs are a set of algorithms to instantaneously map SNPs efficiently and accurately by their unique chromosome position in real time. It is the result of integration of structures and algorithms in state of the art alignment methods MAQ, BWT-SW, Bowtie, SOAP2 and BWA. Using BLAST employed by NCBI as benchmark where recall was at most 91%, recall performance of components Bowtie and BWA were much better at up to 99% for longer reads. Similarly, Bowtie and BWA performed better in terms of precision at greater than 91% whereas BLAST was only 78--88%. BLAST performed poorly in terms of recall and precision for longer reads. Bowtie and BWA algorithms in UASMAs were superior in terms of performances in alignment of longer sequences and locating the precise chromosome position of any SNP with respect to the NCBI reference assembly. Results obtained are fast, instantaneous and accurate. Using UASMAs prove to be fast and optimal in mapping new variants onto the genome in view of depositing these entries accurately into a central database. Because it is done in real-time and with increased accuracy, recall and precision, the database created will be complete, up-to-date and devoid of ambiguities and redundancies.


Abstract At present, the opportunities for the development of polymer blends made up of two polymers are largely defined. The aim for new blends is to combine the properties of the single components into one material. A precondition for obtaining the desired properties is the construction of heterophase blends, i.e., the partial thermodynamic miscibility range of the components. To avoid a decrease of mechanical properties of the blend due to interfacial failure, block or graft copolymers are used as compatibilizers. One polymer is usually dispersed in the other one by forming particles in the μm-scale. The impact strength of brittle materials (high modulus) can be increased by blending with an elastic polymer (low modulus) and adding a compatibilizer. With many blends, mutually penetrating domain structures larger than 1 μm can be obtained in the phase inversion region. At the same time, synergistic effects in the properties are achieved. A further increase of properties in systems of two high modulus (a...


We develop a linear quadratic dyanmic game with complete information to discuss the optimal protective import tariff employed to protect an infant industry under the circumstances of trade liberalization. We solve the model and get the equilibrium solution in terms of subgame perfect equilibrium.Further more, we use the statistic data of China's automobile industry to adapt to the model and find the optimal average import tariff for imported automobile.


Abstract Pediatric low grade glioma (pLGG) research is hampered by a paucity of genetically accurate cell line models and xenografts. To address this need, we have developed and characterized multiple in vivo and organoid models. We used cell reprogramming conditions (CRC) to establish and propagate JHH-NF1-PA1, a NF1-mutant line derived from a low grade optic pathway glioma of a patient with type 1 neurofibromatosis. JHH-NF1-PA1 cells persist and take up midline positions when xenografted into the brains of zebrafish, allowing testing of therapeutics in vivo. We developed a human iPSC-brain organoid system comprising of midline neurons, glia, and microglia, largely recapitulating the microenvironment of midline low grade glioma. Our JHH-NF1-PA1 cells incorporate into these brain organoids, allowing us to test potential therapeutics in an in vitro setting in which the tumor cells grow in the appropriate microenvironment. We have also further defined the mouse BL6 NF1 null glioma cell line 1810, which forms orthotopic xenografts in mice. This last model will be useful for therapeutic testing in a syngeneic BL6 background, allowing assessment of immune infiltration and signaling downstream of NF1 loss and potential immunotherapeutics. Together, these in vitro and in vivo models of NF1-driven low grade glioma make an important contribution to our understanding of the biology of low grade glioma.


The utility model discloses a guide piston structure which comprises a guide piston body and a piston rod, wherein the guide piston body is radially provided with a piston pin; the piston rod comprises a guide piston rod connection part, a cylinder sleeve matching part and a piston ring part; the diameter of the cylinder sleeve matching part is greater than the guide piston rod connection part and the piston ring body; the piston rod which is positioned at one side of the guide piston rod connection part is provided with a shaft shoulder; the tail end of the guide piston rod connection part is provided with an external screw thread; the guide piston rod connection part extends into the head part of a guide piston body, and is fixedly connected with the guide piston rod through the shaft shoulder and a locking nut; the tail end of the piston ring part is provided with an external screw thread. The guide piston structure is manufactured after being combined with the guide piston body through the piston rod, the upper and lower concentricity is ensured, and at the same time, the seal of a high-pressure-stage piston ring can be ensured through controlling the gap between the guide piston body and a compressor guide cylinder body.


Vocabulary is one of the foremost things in mastering a new language. This study
was conducted based on some considerations after observing the seventh graders
of SMPN 5 Magelang. Most of the seventh graders found difficulties in acquiring
new vocabulary since they have not got English subject in their elementary
school. The objectives of this study were to describe how the use of 20-Squares:
Add One More Word and Word Clap Games and to find out whether there was
significant difference of the use of 20-Squares: Add One More Word and Word
Clap Games on the students' vocabulary achievement.
To meet the research objectives, I conducted a quasi-experimental research. The
subjects of this study were the students of VII G and VII H as the respective
control and experimental groups. The vocabulary testing used was multiple choice
items which were be given in the try out test, pretest and posttest. After analyzing
30 items of the try out test, there were 21 items which were valid and 9 items
which were not valid. Next, I conducted the pretest to check the equivalence of
the experimental and the control groups. Afterwards, I gave treatments. The
treatments were given in three meetings. During the treatments, the experimental
group was performed by using 20-Squares: Add One More Word Game, while the
control group was taught by using Word Clap Game. The post-test was conducted
after the treatments. The items test used in the posttest was the same as the pretest
but the question numbers were reshuffled.
The results of the t-test analysis showed that the experimental group got better
scores than the control group. In the pre-test, the mean scores of the experimental
group and the control group were 63 and 62.67. In the post-test, the mean scores
of the experimental group and the control group were 81,17 and 70,67. The
result of the t-test was 3.895 and t-table was 1.67. It means that the t-value was
higher than t-table (3.895 > 1.67). Therefore, it can be concluded that the students
which were taught by using 20-Squares: Add One More Word Game got better improvement than the students which were taught by using Word Clap Game, but the result can not be generelized. It depends on the teachers, students, and
materials in playing the game.


Abstract— In situ ion microprobe analyses of spinel in refractory calcium‐aluminium‐rich inclusions (CAIs) from type 3 EH chondrites yield 16O‐rich compositions (δ 18O and δ 17O about‐40‰). Spinel and feldspar in a CAI from an EL3 chondrite have significantly heavier isotopic compositions (δ 18O and δ 17O about −5‰). A regression through the data results in a line with slope 1.0 on a three‐isotope plot, similar to isotopic results from unaltered minerals in CAIs from carbonaceous chondrites. The existence of CAIs with 16O‐rich and 16O‐poor compositions in carbonaceous as well as enstatite chondrites indicates that CAIs formed in at least two temporally or spatially distinct oxygen reservoirs. General similarities in oxygen isotopic compositions of CAIs from enstatite, carbonaceous, and ordinary chondrites indicate a common nebular mechanism or locale for the production of most CAIs.


Fluorescent cellular barcoding and mass‐tag cellular barcoding are cytometric methods that enable high sample throughput, minimize inter‐sample variation, and reduce reagent consumption. Previously employed barcoding protocols require that barcoding be performed after surface marker staining, complicating combining the technique with measurement of alcohol‐sensitive surface epitopes. This report describes a method of barcoding fixed cells after a transient partial permeabilization with 0.02% saponin that results in efficient and consistent barcode staining with fluorescent or mass‐tagged reagents while preserving surface marker staining. This approach simplifies barcoding protocols and allows direct comparison of surface marker staining of multiple samples without concern for variations in the antibody cocktail volume, antigen‐antibody ratio, or machine sensitivity. Using this protocol, cellular barcoding can be used to reliably detect subtle differences in surface marker expression. © 2014 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry


. Multifunctional flood defence systems combine flood defence functions with elements in the flood protection zone that fulfil other functions like nature, housing or agriculture. The wide range in possible combinations of dike configurations and functions complicates a unified approach for designing and assessing multifunctional flood defences. The aim of this paper is to describe how multifunctional elements and flood protection can be linked in an integrated design. We analyse three cases: a typical Dutch riverine dike, the Wide Green Dike in the Dollard estuary, and the Double Dike project at Eemshaven-Delfzijl. These cases include additional functions ranging from nature, to clay mining, and saline agriculture among others. From these examples a framework connecting multifunctional use to flood risk was developed. Such other functions affect flood risk by interacting with four general components of the flood defence: 1) the foreshore 2) the geometry of the flood defence system, 3) the (state of) materials used for flood protection elements, and 4) objects in, on or near the flood protection zone. For the first three components assessment procedures for monofunctional dikes can be followed. Objects require new procedures as these can introduce new modes of failure, directly interact with the hydraulic loads and generate new loads.


In 2005, William Uricchio published 'Simulation, History and Computer Games', a chapter in the Handbook of Computer Game Studies (Raessens and Goldstein 2005). A few other articles on the topic of ...


In trying to provide a historical perspective on the same, the author also tries to trace the origin of the term hadvaid and bring out many of the similarities between the traditional hadvaid and the professionally qualified DC of today. Abstract This article studies the heritage of the traditional hadvaid in the Parsi-Zoroastrian community and shows how this tradition pre-dates what the world today knows as chiropractic. The article concludes with some interesting, first-hand anecdotes and a background on two of the famed and perhaps the greatest exponents of the Parsi-Zoroastrian hadvaid tradition.


The British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) is the first study of its kind to have asked for permission to link to a range of administrative health records. Multivariate analysis is applied to investigate whether there is consent bias. We find that consent on the BHPS is not biased with respect to socio-economic characteristics or health; recent users of GP services are underrepresented among consenters. Whilst consent rates are lower than on previous surveys with a more medical focus, the problem of bias is less of an issue.


This paper presents a new approach to the identification of Wiener system consisted of an ARX subsystem followed by a static discontinuous piece-wise linear subsystem. We show this problem can be transformed into an ℓ0-norm optimization problem, which is intractable(NP hard). To overcome this difficulty, we consider ℓ1-norm convex relaxation inspired by compressed sensing. In the noise-free case, sufficient conditions are provided for recovering unknown parameters via ℓ0-norm and ℓ1-norm minimization programs. Numerical experiments demonstrate our novel algorithms perform well in noisy measurements case.


Rostanga byga Marcus, 1958 is redescribed based on the examination of the t>pe material and newly collected specimens from Golfo San Jose, Chubut, Argentina. The external coloration, radular morphology and reproductive system differ significantly from specimens oX Rostanga pulchra MacFarland, 1905 collected from Monterey Bay, California (type locality), and examined for comparison. This latter species was probably recorded from Argentina (Camarones Bay, Chubut) as well. The geographic range of/?, byga is extended from northern Brazil to Patagonia. Rostanga pulchra appears to have a disjunct geographic range in North and South America.


We examine the sensitivity of two-dimensional model simulations of stratospheric tracers to uncertainties in the model transport and explore how such uncertainties impact the simulation of a lower stratospheric perturbation due to high-speed civil transport (HSCT) aircraft emissions. To define the transport uncertainty, we vary the model transport fields so that the resulting tracer simulations roughly bracket the observations. This provides an estimate of the upper and lower limits on realistic transport rates in our two-dimensional (2-D) model. Increasing the advective residual circulation strength or the lower stratospheric vertical diffusion (Kzz) decreases the mean age and residence time of the HSCT emissions and diminishes the negative response in total column ozone globally. Increasing the stratospheric horizontal diffusion (Kyy) either globally or in the tropics only has the opposite effect of increasing the age and emission residence time and enhancing the negative total ozone response. Uncertainties in the mechanical eddy forcing derivation affect both Kyy and the residual circulation simultaneously, resulting in some cancellation of effects. This produces a smaller range of uncertainty in the tracer and perturbation simulations than given by uncertainties in the circulation or Kyy components separately. The model simulations in the lower and middle stratosphere are relatively insensitive to the strength of the mesospheric gravity wave effects and the magnitude of the horizontal diffusive transport across the tropopause. The base model transport compares most favorably with tracer data and gives a global and annual mean steady state HSCT perturbation response in total ozone of −0.62%, assuming a NOx emission index of 5 g/kg, 500 airplanes, and a 10% gas-to-particle conversion of the SO2 emission. For the range of transport uncertainty examined in this study, the global total ozone perturbation response ranges from −0.34% to −0.74%, with a mainly strong correlation between the total ozone response and mean age.


In the title molecule, C20H19Cl2N3OS, the dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 79.3 (7)°. The 4-chloro-6-methoxypyrimidine group is rotationally disordered over two sites by approximately 180°, the ratio of the refined occupancies being 0.6772 (15):0.3228 (15). Both disorder components of disorder are involved in intramolecular N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds.


In this paper, we prove several formulas related to Hodge theory, and using them to prove the deformations of a compact $H$-twisted generalized Calabi-Yau manifold are unobstructed and $L^2$ convergence in a neighborhood in another power series . And if we assume that the deformation is smooth in a fixed neighborhood, and assume the existence of a global canonical family of deformation, we also construct the global canonical family of the deformations of generalized K\"ahler manifolds.


Background: While theory of mind (ToM) deficit is frequently reported in children and adult with ADHD, there is no study investigating characteristics of ToM in their parents. This study aimed to investigate understanding intentionality as an important component of ToM ability in ADHD mothers and typically developing children's mothers.
Methods: Through available sampling, (50 mothers), 23 ADHD's mothers were compared to 27 age and IQ matched typically developing children's mothers. All participants were assessed using the Animated Triangle Task for ToM performance and the Conners' Continuous Performance Test (CPT) to evaluate neurocognitive performance. The Mann–Whitney and t-test were used as data analysis methods to examine differences between two groups.
Results: poor performance of ADHD mothers was at ToM task. (p < 0.001) However, no significant difference was found between the two groups of mothers in CPT-II performance (p > 0.001). Performance of ToM was not significantly associated with CPT-II.
Conclusions: ADHD mothers may have deficits in understanding intentionality. The findings suggest that researchers pay more attention to recognizing social cognition and social communication characteristics of the parents of ADHD children. It seems that using specific training programs for the parents of ADHD children to achieve ToM capacities can contribute to the pro motion of their children's social development.


Review(s) of: Equity, Fiduciaries and Trusts, Timothy Youdan (ed), Law Book Company, Carswell, 1989, pp i-xxix, 1-433, with Footnotes and Index, ISBN 0455209324. Includes endnotes.


As music educators, we can do much to promote the image of students with disabilities in our schools by using appropriate terminology in our teaching and communications with others. For music educators who are already aware of the various reference conventions related to persons with disabilities, perhaps you can do more to educate your students and the public by alerting responsible parties when you find examples of inappropriate terminology used in conversation or in print. This article provides some guiding principles for communicating about students with disabilities.


As product variety design has become an effective framework for mass customization, product platform and family design has been intensively studied in the last two decades. While their focuses have been put mainly on consumer products, their possibilities must be spread over various kinds of products, which are under different time frames. This paper prospects the possibilities of design methodologies for expanding product variety design to such wider meaning. For the purpose, how product family deployment under given product platforms are affected by types of product variety design circumstances and what strategies should be used for respective types are discussed. Firstly, the relationships among platform design, product family development and market mechanisms are reviewed. Secondly, product design circumstances are categorized into four types under the matrix by the scale of investment and the scale of production, and product variety design circumstances are investigated respectively under the categorized types. Thirdly, some practical cases are analyzed for validating such investigation. Finally, research agendas for optimal design methodologies are argued.


The total installed capacity of the hydropower stations in Pakistan is about 7,000 MW which is about 20% of the total available hydro power potential. For possible micro-hydro stations, a potential of about 1300 MW exists at a number of low head and high flow rate sites. Work has been reported by Chattha et al. [1, 2] related to installation of a micro-hydro power station at one of the typical sites. An axial flow pump-as-turbine (PaT) was installed to generate electrical power at the micro-hydro station. The site selected for this work is quite typical and efforts are now being made to utilize the maximum potential of the site conditions. The PaT only utilizes about half of the available flow of water and a spillway was constructed at this site to divert the excess amount of water. The diverted water flows back to the main stream after bypassing the PaT. Work is now being carried out to explore the installation of a turbine in the spillway to harness the energy potential of the diverted water stream. This work includes selection, design, fabrication and installation of a turbine in order to generate electrical power utilizing the energy of water diverted to the spillway. A 100 ft3 /sec flow rate with about 11 ft head is available at the spillway side. Considering these site conditions and indigenous fabrication expertise, cross flow type turbine has been selected for installation. Cross flow turbines are being manufactured in Pakistan and are usually quite successful for micro-hydro systems. Based on the available site conditions, a cross flow turbine has been designed. The diameter and length of the turbine runner have been calculated. Furthermore, the number of blades and radius of curvature have been determined along with other design parameters. The designed turbine is expected to produce about 50 kW of power. The complete design of the turbine, based on the available site conditions is presented in this paper.© 2010 ASME


A preliminary study has been made to see if satellite images in real time can aid forecasting of road-surface temperatures in the county of Devon, UK. Under steady synoptic conditions, linear tracking of large cloud masses produced forecasts of nocturnal minimum road temperatures to within ±0.5 °C of the measured values at widely spaced stations. The study highlights some of the problems facing the operational forecaster.


In recent years, wind power digestion has become a major bottleneck in wind power large-scale development. Wind power has characteristics of little in day, much in night and anti-electricity lag. Introduction of time-of-use(TOU) price to adjust the users' load can digest wind power effectively. Therefore, wind/thermal power joint-run optimization model is constructed based on TOU price under the background of the energy-saving generation dispatching way and the target of minimizing the cost of coal-fired cost and unit commitment. With the numerical example, it is found that the TOU price can realize the goal of peak load shifting, increasing wind-connect amount and reducing the system's coal consumption compared with the result before the implementation of TOU price.


This article recovers the life of Bronx resident Eleanor Bumpurs from historical obscurity, moving beyond her tragic death and departing from disability and legal studies that primarily focus on her killing and New York Police Department officer Stephen Sullivan's 1987 bench trial.


The question of economies of scale in the U.S. motor freight industry is of continuing importance. Most recent research on the subject has generally supported the existence of economies of scale, whereas earlier studies did not. However, structural changes in the industry have been so great over the past several decades that the earlier studies might now be considered obsolete. Further, the results of the more recent studies are weakened by their failure to 1) study groups of firms which render a homogeneous service and 2) recognize the distinction between short-run and long-run cost curves. This study includes both of these criteria in its research methodology, and finds no significant economies of scale in a major sector of the U.S. motor freight industry.


Gastrointestinal endoscopy is commonly performed in cats and is useful in the diagnosis of many (GI) gastrointestinal disorders. Many GI diseases require mucosal biopsy for diagnosis and endoscopy is a minimally invasive technique, with less morbidity when compared to surgical exploratory and full-thickness biopsy. Gastrointestinal endoscopy also has therapeutic value as foreign bodies can be removed, esophageal strictures dilated, and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tubes placed. Endoscopic skills can easily be developed by practitioners that 1) acquire knowledge of the normal endoscopic anatomy, 2) become familiar with the appearance of common lesions, 3) receive appropriate hands-on instruction, and 4) devote the time and effort required to learn proper technique. Although rigid endoscopic equipment can be useful in diagnosing some esophageal and colonic disorders, the author routinely performs flexible endoscopy in cats. Flexible endoscopes provide better mucosal visualization and allow the tip to be advanced around flexures and through many sphincters of the gastrointestinal tract. Endoscopes to be used in cats should have four-way tip deflection, automatic air-water insufflation, a large biopsy channel, a diameter less than 10mm and a working length of at least 100 cm. Available accessories should include biopsy forceps, cytology brushes, and a variety of foreign-body retrieval forceps. It is the author's opinion that endoscopic capability should be available to the average private practice. Endoscopy encourages the practice of high quality medicine by providing a minimally invasive, highly useful, diagnostic and therapeutic procedure.


Ophthalmologists - Fees for Service for Cataract/Implant Procedures , To rescind PD2005_369 and IB2009_061 - Ophthalmologists - FFS for Cataract/Implant procedures from 10 May 2010.


The design of workshop layout is one of the important contents in the design of manufacturing system, and the merits of workshop layout directly influence the products quality, the productivity and economic efficiency. Because of the complexity of the workshop layout, it is sometimes difficult to meet the demand of the modern production mode simply by establishing the mathematical model. This paper optimizes the workshop layout by applying computer simulation technology, choose the FLEXSIM software for virtual simulation and dynamic layout analysis, find out the bottleneck in the workshop layout and make an improvement on it. Ultimately the production efficiency of the entire workshop is improved.


Background & Aim: The ultimate goal of self-care behavior is patients' empowerment. There are limited studies on perspectives of patients with Parkinson's disease on self-care. This study aimed to explore for the process of self-care in patients with Parkinson's disease during 2011 to 2013. Methods & Materials: This exploratory qualitative study was carried out using grounded theory method. Data were collected via semi-structured in-depth interviews and field notes. We interviewed with 12 patients with Parkinson's disease and four family caregivers. Participants were selected from two neurology clinics. Interviews were conducted at participants' homes or nursing homes. Data were analyzed using the Corbin and Strauss (2008) approach. Results: Concepts of study were identified using a micro and general analysis. The 'fear of becoming crippled' was identified as a main concern. Strategies used in response to context included 'independency', 'spiritual care', 'informed self-care' and 'seeking treatment'. 'Striving for taking independent self-care' was the most important process. Demographic, familial and social factors had important roles in self-care processes of patients with Parkinson's disease. Conclusion: The process of self-care in patients with Parkinson's disease depends on the context and severity of the signs and symptoms. Health care providers especially nurses can support patients with Parkinson's disease in achieving maintain independence in self-care. In addition, attention to self-care behaviors with focus on person as self-care agent can considerably increase control and management of life.


In today's economic-driven community, the trend of education is to prepare the students more than social and numerical skills. The trend in the future requires more complex demands related to the students' skills, ranging from literacy and self-autonomy to collaboration ability with others to solve problems. This issue is closely related to the policy-making process in higher education which should concern with the integration of foundational literacies related to core skills in everyday life to the curriculum development, that each course should promote foundational literacies and relate the classroom activities to the application in the real world in the form of meaningful learning and authentic approaches. This case study was conducted to observe the debating practices in language classroom, particularly the action research for the implementation of literacy-based learning through integrated instructional strategies in speaking for academic debate class whether to certain extend it has prepared the students to the expected 21 Century skills. Through classroom observation and reflective discussion, students demonstrate substantial progress both in communication competence in advocacy, the awareness of recent issues, and fulfill the required 21 Century skills. Keywords—literacy-based learning, instructional strategies, debate class, 21-century skills


In this paper, a particular family of meromorphic functions, which omits a function set is considered. By using the famous ZalcmanPang lemma, we derive a sucient condition for the normality of


Objective To construct a recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid of alpha-galactosidase A(GLA) and express GLA in Chinese hamster ovary cells(CHO).Methods Human GLA cDNA was cloned from human liver cancer cells by RT-PCR and subcloned into mammalian expression systems pcDNA3.1/myc-His A.The recombinant plasmid was transfected into CHO cells and the positive clones were selected by G418.After the G418 resistant CHO cells were induced by sodium butyrate,GLA activity of the supernatant was determined.The recombinant GLA was purified by HisTrapTM FF and identified by Western blot.Results The mammalian expression vector pcDNA3.1/myc-His-GLA was constructed and transfected into CHO cells.A transfectant with high GLA expression level was obtained(the protein specific activity was 1935 U/mg).There was an unique band near 50×103(Mr) in the purified supernatant and was identified as GLA protein by Western blot.Conclusion The recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid of GLA is constructed and recombinant human GLA with biological activity is obtained.The recombinant human GLA can be used for Fabry′s disease treatment in the future.


1.0. Introduction On a global scale, and partly due to our huge dependence on them, freshwater ecosystems are both highly threatened and in major decline (Dudgeon et al 2006). As a consequence and for our own sake in terms of human health and well-being, as well as for the fate of species which reside in freshwater habitats, we need to engage with ecosystem protection and restoration. Conservationists and scientists involved with the restoration of freshwaters face many challenges, including the competing demands of industry, agriculture and water supply, issues of cost, support by the public and government and often the large geographical scale of environmental problems and their causes. Further, it is probably fair to say that restoration practitioners lack a sure-footed, well communicated and widely applicable science basis from which to design and implement successful projects. Nevertheless, although freshwater restoration science is a relatively new discipline, a substantial literature now exists such that some key principles that might underlie successful restoration can be broadly established. This chapter will outline some of these principles and is largely inspired by the classic restoration ecology paper of Bradshaw (1996) who introduces some "Underlying Principles of Restoration". Bradshaw's restoration principles include the use of natural processes where possible, recognition that return to an original state may not be achievable but that ecosystem development should be on "an unrestricted upward path", and the need to aim for whole ecosystem restoration which considers both structure and function. Some 20 years on, these principles remain fundamental to freshwater restoration ecology.


Research report from the Euromedia Project, co-ordinated by Andrew Hart at the Media Education Centre at the University of Southampton, U.K.. Co-ordination of the publication project by Daniel Suss, University of Applied Sciences Zurich, School of Applied Psychology and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich.


Several results characterizing a mixture of exponential distributions are presented. Section 2 generalizes two of Govindarajulu's results, using sequences of moments of order statistics. A necessary and sufficient condition is given in section 3 that an absolutely continuous positive r.v. follow a mixture of two exponential distributions. The conditions are based on the absolute difference of two i.i.d. random variables. Using conditional s-expectations, we generalize Shanbhag's result, in section 4.


A corona wind was used to improve the performance of practical tubular heat exchangers. Rates of heat transfer were measured for each exchanger, which was exposed to a corona wind produced by applying a negative high voltage to several needle electrodes placed above the exchanger.The usefulness of the corona wind in improving exchanger performance was confirmed through comparison between the rates of heat transfer under corona wind and those under natural convection.


Musculoskeletal tissues—bone, cartilage, ligament, and tendon—have important biomechanical functions in the body. They support, transmit, and redistribute the loads generated by movement. As a result, the cells in these tissues have adapted to rigorous mechanical environments. Furthermore, the forces experienced by musculoskeletal cells can modulate cell function, which results in improved tissue performance, repair and regeneration, or degeneration and injury. To better understand how mechanical forces can affect the physiology of these cells, it is important to first grasp the mechanical properties of the cells. A variety of methods have been developed and implemented to improve the current understanding of the mechanical behavior of individual cells. This article will cover the fundamentals of cell mechanics as they relate to musculoskeletal tissues, focusing on the underlying structural components of the cell, modern methods used to measure cell properties, and important scientific findings.

Keywords:

biomechanics;
cell mechanics;
mechanobiology;
musculoskeletal;
orthopedic


In this paper, the volumetric flux in various states in a cycle is analyzed, and the mean flux have been educed. The output relation between the whole pump and each chamber is discussed. Prototypes of two-chamber and four-chamber pumps in parallel connection have been designed and fabricated, and experiments on flow rate have been made. The maximal output flow rate of 9.2 mL/min was measured.


This study is aimed at evolving a watershed prioritization of reservoir catchment based on vegetation, morphological and topographical parameters, and average annual soil loss using geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing techniques. A large multipurpose river valley project, Upper Indravati reservoir, situated in the state of Orissa, India, has been chosen for the present work. Watershed prioritization is useful to soil conservationist and decision makers. This study integrates the watershed erosion response model (WERM) and universal soil loss equation (USLE) with a geographic information system (GIS) to estimate the erosion risk assessment parameters of the catchment. The total catchment is divided into 15 sub-watersheds. Various erosion risk parameters are determined for all the sub-watersheds separately. Average annual soil loss is also estimated for the sub-watersheds using USLE. The integrated effect of all these parameters is evaluated to recommend the priority rating of the watersheds for soil conservation planning.


The home economist has long been interested in effective family and consumer decision making and has tended to take a holistic or macro approach to decision theory. Recently, some applications of normative decision theory to consumer decision making—including the creation of rules for dealing with risk and uncertainty—have been advanced in home management textbooks. Since the early 1960s, consumer behaviour researchers in other disciplines have been developing a behavioural, micro-decision perspective centring upon the presence of perceived risk in the purchase decision of any customer. The empirical literature in home economics does not appear to have dealt with either of these perspectives. This paper identifies perceived risk as a useful analytical variable in the study of consumer product and store decisions and presents empirical data depicting the dual components of perceived risk and its four dimensions. The relationship of the normative and behavioural approaches to decision risk is discussed and implications for future research and application in home economics are identified.


The growing demand for miniaturized radiation-tolerant detection systems with fast responses and high-power budgets has increased the necessity for smart and efficient cooling solutions. Several groups have been successfully implementing silicon microfabrication to process superficial microchannels to circulate coolants, in particular, in high-energy physics experiments, where the combination of low material budget to reduce noise generated by multiple scattering events and high radiation fluences is required. In this study, we report tests performed on an 885-µm–thick vertically integrated system. The system consists of a layer of microfabricated silicon channels for temperature management integrated to radiation-tolerant microfabricated 3D sensors, with electrodes penetrating perpendicularly to the silicon bulk, bump-bonded to an ATLAS FE-I4 pixel readout chip of 100 µm thickness, 2 × 2 cm2, and 26,880 pixels (each measuring 250 × 50 μm2). The system's electrical and temperature characterization under CO2 cooling as well as the response to minimum ionizing particles from radioactive sources and particle beams before and after 2.8 ×1015 neq cm−2 proton irradiation will be discussed.


This paper deals with kinetic studies of TMSOTf-mediated C1′ epimerization of β-thymidine to α-thymidine. The effect of neighboring group participation by various 5′-hydroxy protecting groups, such as toluoyl, Et2CHC(O), Et2NC(O), and Et2NC(S), on the β→α conversion is described in detail. The time dependence of the ratio of the α and β anomers in the C1′ epimerization was estimated by 1H NMR. The α/β equilibrium constants K and the rate constants kα and kβ were calculated on the basis of the experimental data. As the result, it was concluded that, in acetonitrile, the α/β equilibrium constants K are thermodynamically affected by steric hindrance from the 5′-hydroxy protecting group. On the other hand, the rate constants kα and kβ are mainly influenced by the stability of the oxonium ion intermediate. In particular, formation of an intramolecularly cyclized iminium ion intermediate from the oxonium ion intermediate, due to the neighboring group participation by the diethylthiocarbamoyl group, tended to decrease the overall reaction rate. Finally, the α/β C1′ epimerization could be carried out with a high α anomer selectivity of 89% through the use of the Et2CHC(O) group. Thus, 5′-O-pixyl-α-thymidine could be synthesized from β-thymidine as a key intermediate for the synthesis of α-DNA in a considerably improved overall yield of 40%.


Introduction Gingival growths are one of the most frequently encountered lesions in the oral cavity. Most of these lesions, such as irritational fibroma, pyogenic granuloma, peripheral ossifying fibroma and peripheral giant cell granuloma, are innocuous and rarely present with aggressive features. In majority of cases, these lesions are the result of trauma or chronic irritation. One of the infrequently occurring gingival lesions is peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF). Peripheral ossifying fibroma is a focal, reactive, non-neoplastic tumor-like growth of the soft tissue that (1). often arises from the interdental papilla This case report highlights the diverse clinical and histopathological presentations of peripheral ossifying fibroma through a case encountered in our department.


The Geometry Processor is a high speed. programmable. floa ting point peripheral processor design~d to rapidly perform the computations commonly needed for graph ics applicati ons . Its firmware is written in a high-level, machine oriented assembly langu age. A prototypica l host softwa re package. ba sed on the GSPC CORE Standard. has also been completed .


In this paper we describe research and development on the concept and application of distributed terrain and distributed terrain servers to support live/virtual training operations. This includes design of a distributed, cluster-capable "Combat Server" for the virtual representation and simulation of live training exercises, and current work to support virtual representation and visualization of live indoor operations involving firefighters, SWAT teams and/or special operations forces. The Combat Server concept under development is for an object-oriented, efficient and flexible distributed platform designed for simulation and training. It can operate on any compatible, high performance computer for which the software is compliant; however, it is explicitly designed for distribution and cooperation of relatively inexpensive clustered computers, together playing the role of a large independent system. The design of the Combat Server aims to be generic and encompass any situation that involves monitoring, tracking, assessment, visualization and, eventually, simulated interactivity to compliment real-world training exercises. To accomplish such genericity, the design must incorporate techniques such as layering or abstraction to remove any dependencies on specific hardware, such as weapons, that are to eventually be employed by the system; this also includes entity tracking hardware interfaces, whether by GPS or Ultra-Wide Band technologies. The Combat Server is a framework. Its design is a foothold for building a specialized distributed system for modeling a particular style of exercise. The combat server can also be a software development framework, providing a platform for building specialized exercises while abstracting the developer from the minutia of building a real-time distributed system. In this paper we review preliminary experiments regarding basic line-of-sight (LOS) functions of the combat server functionality and scalability in a cluster computing environment. Our initial results show that computing LOS between entities on a distributed terrain scales well over a large number of processors.


This chapter addresses the role of consumer empowerment in a social media context and its influence on the building of an online reputation. The main objective of the research herein is to delineate the "new" power of consumers when they operate within social media, such as blogs, social network sites, opinion platforms, and/or reputation-based systems, etc. To this end, the chapter aims to answer the following research questions: "What are the different categories and features of online consumer empowerment?" and "What is the role of empowered consumers in maintaining/developing a favourable online brand/ corporate reputation?" From a practical standpoint, the identification of the decisive factors that support a firm's e-reputation can indicate how an organisation could benefit from online consumer empowerment, without being overwhelmed by it. Moving to conceptual implications, the prime value of this chapter is that it attempts to narrow the gap in the field in terms of existing research and suggests online reputation management as an interpretative key of a modern conceptualisation of e-marketing.


A water-soluble fullerene, C60-N,N-dimethylpyrrolidinium iodide, was dispersed in aqueous media in the form of vesicles. By mixing and incubating the fullerene vesicle and a 2D DNA lattice bearing a phosphate-labeled protruded strand together, pearl-like arrays of fullerene domains can be obtained on the DNA template.


Iversen, S.A. and Danlelssen, D.S., 1984. Development and mortallty of cod ( iadzzs ~oph~a L. ) eggs and larvae ln a~fferenr temperatures. In: E. Dahl, D.S. Danlelssen, E. bfoks~ess and P. Soiemdal (Edi~ors), The Propagation of Cod ?&dub mcrhuo L. Fleaevlgen rapportser., 1, 1984: 49-65. expersment was carrled out as a part of a project concerning tnermal pollution from a power plant. The paper deals wlth development and morrallty of cod eggs and larvae In dlf ferert temperatures (6O-18'~) . Eggs and larvae were exposed to hlgher temperatures for parrs of the rncubatlon tlme and the yolk sac perlod. The development rate lncreased wlth lrlcreaslng temperatures. The mortallty lncreased slg7lflcantly above 12OC, but was rather low below thls temperature. Newly fertrllzed eggs exposed to hrgher temperatures seened to be affected more seriously than eggs exposed to hlgher temperarures laxer In rhe lncubatlon perlod. Kewly hatched cod larvae exposed to hlgh temperatures showed no signrflcant rncrease rn the mortallty rate. The yolk sac perlod decreased wlth rncreaslng temperature. Short temperature shocks (at about ~OOC for 15 mln) dld nor affect rhe ~ortallty rate of eggs and larvae slgnlflcantly.


The million-degree hot solar corona maintains its high temperature and compensates for its radiative losses by continuously acquiring an energy flux of $\approx$10$^{3}$ W m$^{-2,}$. Recent studies suggest that energy transport in the solar corona is associated with localized magnetic flux-tubes, which can channel various kinds of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves and shocks as heating candidates. Dissipation of electric current via magnetic reconnection provides an alternate mechanism to heat the solar corona. However, there are various physical conditions that need to be established appropriately in the reconnection region to generate its high rate and subsequent energy release. Using multiwavelength imaging observations from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), we present a novel physical scenario for the formation of a temporary X-point in the solar corona, where plasma dynamics is forced externally by a moving prominence. Natural diffusion was not predominant, however, a prominence driven inflow occurred firstly, forming a thin current sheet and enabling a forced magnetic reconnection at a considerably high rate. Observations vis-\'a-vis numerical model reveal that forced reconnection may rapidly and efficiently release energy in the solar corona to heat it locally even without establishing a significant and self-consistent diffusion region.


Surfactant 3,4 dilauroil-D-sorbitol has been synthesized from D-sorbitol and lauric acid in a series of reactions, esterification and dekatalization. Ketalization of Dsorbitol an action in an azeotropic petroleum benzene solvent using p-toluene sulfonif acid as a cataly st gave 1,2 :5,6 di-O-isopropylidene-D-sorbitol. The product was selectively esterificated with lauric acid using dimetylamino pyridine and dicyclocarboxyldiimida as catalyst, followed by deketalization with 1 N hydrochloric acid in methanol to produce 3,4 dilauroyl-D-sorbitol.Each step of reaction was characterized by FT-IR and H-NMR, GC-MS spectra and especially for the dioxolane compound, its C-NMR spectrum was also resorded. The compound, 3,4 –dilauroyl-Dsorbitol produced, was a surfactant with HLB value was 3,089.


Hypertension is one type of non-communicable disease, which is increasing every year. Hypertension is a condition where systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and / or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. Today the treatment of a disease including hypertension has been widely modified between pharmacological therapy and non-pharmacological therapy. One of the non-pharmacological therapies currently used is autogenic relaxation. Autogenic relaxation technique is one of the relaxation techniques that comes from ourselves in the form of words or short sentences or thoughts that can make the mind calm. Autogenic relaxation is done by imagining yourself in a state of peace and calm, focusing on regulating your breath and heartbeat. This study aims to determine the effect of autogenic relaxation on anxiety levels and changes in blood pressure in patients with hypertension history at Cipayung Health Center, East Jakarta. The research design used was a Quasi-experimental research design. The number of research samples is 58 respondents. The results showed that there were differences in systolic blood pressure (p = 0.000) and the anxiety level of respondents (p = 0.000) after autogenic relaxation interventions were performed.


By making the nonlinear equation group linearized with the spline function, the analytic equation for complex gas pipeline with stable process is established. The equation can express the relationship between flow and pressure at arbitrary location of a pipeline. This analytic method can provide a simple and applied way to systematically analyze the process of complex gas pipe network and to set up the pipeline system's structure. Before analyzing the transient state,the equation can be used to predict and judge the technical parameters of the pipeline network system. The comparison results display a good analogy between the analytic method and SPS analysis software in calculating complex gas pipeline with stable state. The equation is of great value in application especially in the process of pipeline's feasibility study and pipeline design.


The vulnerability of the industrialized world's energy infrastructure has been an international security concern for the last several decades. In recent years energy security has taken added significance as the need for petroleum products has grown, and the sources of these products have shifted further from the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD) states, to unreliable or unstable regions, primarily in the Former Soviet Union (FSU) and the Greater Middle East (GME). Indeed, the last few years have only highlighted this vulnerability, such as Russia's varied disputes with her neighbors, militant activities in Nigeria and the general upswing in Islamic radicalism and hostility toward the West.


This research aims to investigate and examine the impact Basel III implementation on financial performance of commercial banks in Omani. The annual data for all Omani commercial banks during 2013-2015 are used for calculating key financial ratios in order to assess the impact of Basel III implementation on financial performance in Omani commercial banks. To test whether there is a relationship between Basel III implementation and profitability in commercial banking sector, the research used a correlation analyses model, Ordinary and least square estimation obtained from an SPSS 17.0 package is adopted to analyze the relationship between the variables, where financial performance or profitability of commercial banks was measured in terms of return on assets, return on equity, efficiency ratio (EFR), net interest margin (NIM) and debt-to equity ratio. The findings of the research established a positive impact of Basel III implementation on financial performance of commercial banks in Oman, however this impact is not statically significant.


4-Aryl-2-quinolones can be prepared from readily available o-bromocinnamamide and aryl iodides using phosphine-free palladium(II) acetate as the precatalyst and a molten tetra(n-butyl)-ammonium acetate/tetra(n-butyl)ammonium bromide mixture as the reaction medium. The reaction proceeds through a pseudo-domino process involving two mechanistically independent, sequential catalytic cycles: a Heck reaction followed by an intramolecular Buchwald-Hartwig C-N bond forming reaction.


The detention of irregular migrants in the European Union has increasedin scope and intensity in the years following the 2016 'refugee crisis'.Detention is usually codified as an administrative practice, a neutral routinenecessary for the surveillance of irregular migrants and the enforcementof immigration laws. However, this formally 'administrative' process beliesa unique contradiction: although cast as a benign procedure, detention isoften experienced by detainees as a form of punishment and incarcerationin the absence of criminal charges. Drawing upon ethnographic fieldwork from the Metsa Detention Centre in Estonia, I argue that this paradox—what I term punitive protection—can make detention a disorienting and uncanny institution for migrants. Detainees experience 'punitive protection' as the tension between what they are told is real and what they are certain is real. For my informants, Metsa was not just a space of confinement, but an alternate reality where their beliefs, hopes, and struggles were denied by state practice.
Keywords: Migration, detention, agency, refugee studies, criminology


The traditional weighted nuclear norm minimization (WNNM) has excellent performance for the removal of non-sparse noise such as Gaussian noise, but attains bad performance for the removing of salt&pepper noise and mixed noise of Gaussian noise and salt&pepper noise. This paper proposes an improved WNNM image denoising algorithm. WNNM can effectively remove non-sparse noise such as Gaussian noise and adaptive median filtering algorithm can effectively remove sparse noise such as salt and pepper noise; the improved algorithm combines the characteristics of WNNM and adaptive median filtering. The experimental data demonstrate that the improved WNNM algorithm has better denoising effect than WNNM algorithm.


Objective: To compare the unobstructed rate and the changes of the diameter of the transplanted vein after the surgery of autogeneic graft of parallel bi-vein and uni-vein with valves.Methods: 24 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group and control group(each group had 12 rabbits).The inferior vena cava(IVC) was replaced by autogeneic graft of parallel bi-vein(in experimental group) or uni-vein(in control group) with valves.The unobstructed rate and the changes of the diameter of the transplanted vein were observed by color Doppler ultrasound 1 d,1 w,2 w and 4 w after surgery.Results: 1d after surgery the diameter of the vessels and the spectrum of the flow returned to normal except one rabbit.At the time of 1 d,1 w and 2 w after surgery,the unobstructed rate of the transplanted vessels in both groups was 100%.There were 1 rabbit in the experimental group and one in the control group,whose transplanted vein were obstructed 4 w after surgery because of the compression of the adhering zone of peritoneum,which was confirmed by anatomy.No thrombus was observed in the transplanted vein in all animals during the 4 weeks after surgery.Conclusion: The transplanted veins are unobstructed during the 4 weeks after autogeneic graft of parallel bi-vein with valves.The unobstructed rate of the transplanted vein in the experimental group and the control group has no significant difference.The diameter of the transplanted vein has no changes in all animals.


Using balance sheet data from a sample of 6,996 public firms in the manufacturing industry, we analyse the distribution of public investments in Iran at a very detailed geographical level, i.e., the provincial level, a region which comprises an urban area and the limited geographical area surrounding it. In this paper, we test the impact that unplanned economies and social capital have on the distribution of public investments. While the findings regarding the social variables are mixed, the important role played by unplanned economies is confirmed. Our analysis shows that investments by people are attracted by those areas that combine industrial cluster characteristics with an unplanned economy.


According to immoralists, some artworks are better aesthetically in virtue of their immorality. A. W. Eaton recently offered a novel defence of this view, seeking to overcome shortcomings in previous accounts, thereby occasioning a reconsideration of immoralism. Yet, as I argue in this paper, Eaton's attempt is unsuccessful, insofar as it consists partly of inadequately supported claims, and partly—and more interestingly, albeit paradoxically––of covert moralist assumptions that are, eo ipso, incompatible with immoralism. I then turn to a parallel debate in ethics concerning the possibility of admirable immorality, suggesting that a consideration of the state of that debate further supports my argument against immoralism. I close by suggesting some strategies by which immoralists may offer a rejoinder, although I note that their prospects are rather dim, not least because available defences of immoralism and similar positions all seem to share the same flawed pattern.


The author carries out a study of the most important characteristics of the Latin language used by Valerius of Bierzo. This analysis, structured from the phonetic, morphologic and syntactic points of view, corroborates some tendencies detected in different written contemporary sources.


the moslim gratitude scale for college students was developed based on aspects devided into items that were tested on 132 Moeslim College students (35 men and 97 women) with an age range beetwen 18 - 30 years old by testing the validity and reliability of the scale. Factor analysis used is exploratory factor analysis (EFA), which was extracted by looking at the value of the Barlett Test of Sphericity = 455.929 with a significance level of 0.000 which means there is a significant correlation between variables. The KMO calculation result of 0.830 shows that the adequacy of the sample is in the upper category. The reliability if the item based on Chronbach Alpha value obtained is 0.851 with the corrected item-total correlation moving value from 0.413 - 0.608, where the gratitude measurement tool is reliable.


A dedicated multidisciplinary post-ICU recovery unit for Covid-19 patients addresses their unique complexities and lets them begin rehabilitation earlier than they would with a normal progression f...


Abstract We discuss the problem of representing a natural number n as a sum of certain of its distinct positive proper (≠n) divisors. If this is possible n is called semiperfect. We present a method which leads in certain cases to a verification that all abundant numbers with prime divisors limited to a fixed set of primes are semiperfect. We then discuss the Egyptian fraction representation of positive rational numbers (i.e., the representation as a sum of reciprocals of distinct integers > 1). In particular we obtain results relating the primes occurring in such representations to the primes occurring in the denominator of the rational being represented. This leads to further results concerning the existence of semiperfect numbers with certain prime factors.


Nomenclatural procedures in animal taxonomy, especially the application of priority rules in the vast entomological literature, are oppressively inefficient and becoming more so with the passage of time. The authors suggest that the problem be solved in a simple but radical way, by the device of officially recognizing selected monographs as the "new Linnaeus" of the group treated by the monograph. No publication prior to the monograph could then affect nomenclatural usage in the group, but a new monograph could supplant it.


This work discusses the issues of estimation and prediction when lifespan data following alpha-power Weibull distribution are observed under Type II hybrid censoring. We calculate point and related interval estimates for both issues using both non-Bayesian and Bayesian methods. Using the Newton–Raphson technique under the classical approach, we compute maximum likelihood estimates for point estimates in the estimation problem. Under the Bayesian approach, we compute Bayes estimates under informative and non-informative priors using the symmetric loss function. Using the Fisher information matrix under classical and Bayesian techniques, the corresponding interval estimates are derived. Additionally, using the best unbiased and conditional median predictors under the classical approach, as well as Bayesian predictive and associated Bayesian predictive interval estimates in the prediction approach, the predictive point estimates and associated predictive interval estimates are computed. We compare several suggested approaches of estimation and prediction using real data sets and Monte Carlo simulation studies. A conclusion is provided.


Monitoring the health of large synchronous Machines is now an integral part of their operation. The stator inter-turn short circuit fault is one of the serious fault and have a deep influence on the safety and effectiveness of the machine. This paper describes an online monitoring method with no sensor required to predict these two faults of synchronous condenser before they propagate to a level that can leading to catastrophic failure. The paper develops an analytical model for the online fault predicting by only knowing the stator and field current, and the detailed 2D FEA models will also be built to take the core saturation and leakage magnetic field into consideration. Finally, the method will be validated by experimental results.


An electric supercharger having a compressor arrangement Zaisa the motor drive on the upstream side of the throttle in the intake passage, an idle or deceleration or the like, the intake and pressurized compressed by the electric supercharger, the pressure leave accumulated in accumulator portion formed between the compressed air and the compressor in the intake passage and the throttle that is, when a large torque during acceleration or the like is required, using the compressed air being the accumulated Te None to perform supercharging, have, with obtaining a large output even small emissions, in particular to eliminate the turbo lag at low rotation, operability, responsiveness, improve fuel economy and the like.


Electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power for copper phthalocyanine carbon black composites were measured. For some composites metallic behaviour was found.


Hui banquet tune,derived from the Yuan dynasty,is also called "Cai Qu ev" which is a kind of popular tune and always played in the wedding feast or welcoming meeting spot.And the kind of songs may be the oldest and most typical in Northwest Huis.The paper analyzes its inheriting characteristics,tune body structure,rhythm and melodic structure,thereby showing the musical cultural characteristics of Hui banquet tune in Men Yuan.


The interesting new species of water-bug described below was received some time ago from Abbé P. A. Bégin, of Sherbrooke, Canada. It was captured swimming on a fresh-water stream some little distance above Sherbrooke, and is of more than ordinary interest, from the fact that it belongs to the genus Halobatopsis, Bianchi, a genus not yet recognized in the North American fauna, and only recently characterized, being based upon the South American Halobates platensis, Berg., also a fresh-water species.


Abstract : This report is a recent paper presented by the authors, slightly modified to include comparison with more recently measured data. The steady flow about a surface ship model with a transom stern moving at high speed is analyzed. Viscous effects are included through the use of a numerical solution of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations subject to nonlinear free-surface boundary conditions. The k-epsilon turbulence model is employed. The structured grid maintains its hull boundary-layer resolution into the wake. This assures the capturing of the strong viscous/free-surface interaction of the boundary-layer wake with the stern wave field, This interaction is demonstrated by comparison with results of inviscid computations. Comparisons with measured data are also presented. The results represent a step forward in a long history of progress on the challenging problem of the computation of flows about transom sterns.


A 25‐year‐old patient with end‐stage renal disease on maintenance peritoneal dialysis underwent parathyroidectomy when his secondary hyperparathyroidism did not respond to medical management. However, over the subsequent months he developed extremely raised parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. When surgical removal of the autotransplant was considered, preoperative work‐up revealed a PTH level within the target range. It became apparent that the very high PTH values were due to the location of the blood draw close to the autotransplant, thus measuring a local rather than the systemic PTH value. The multiple causes of varying PTH measurements other than clinical and physiological reasons are reviewed.


The Chevalerie Ogier, although known for making ample room for the faide, nevertheless presents a trial scene which seems by and large to comply with the expected forms. Yet, though the first version harmoniously blends history, politics and narrative requirements, later versions will progressively do away with the legal dimension of the episode and give precedence to its psychological and dramatic implications, thus eventually unveiling its underlying structure and its function.


In figure 7 of this article, we incorrectly refer to the magnetic susceptibility unit as A/m and also list incorrect units in the caption. A/m is the SI unit of magnetization, e.m.u./c.c. …


In power system studies the most important issue is Transmission Expansion Planning (TEP). The intend of TEP problem is to choose the placement as well as number of additional transmission lines, which are to be added to the existing system to suit growing demand in planning horizon. In this paper a new methodology for TEP is proposed, the presented Transmission planning is linked with generation cost, active power loss minimization by considering wind uncertainties. Firstly, the uncertainties involved in wind generation can be determined by using weigbull probability functions. Monte Carlo simulation study is able to be used to find the probability distribution functions of wind generation. Then, in TEP formulation the WTG uncertainties are considered. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique is used for solving the proposed single objective optimization problem. Simulation studies conducted on an IEEE 30 bus test system to certify effectiveness of the TEP problem with considering wind uncertainties.


By the numerical experiments, we clarify the regional wind systems that generate dust storms in the Tarim basin, Northwest China. In the basin, dust storms are generated by a mesoscale cold wind system induced by a synoptic‐scale cold air mass behind a cold front. The intruding course of the mesoscale cold wind into the basin can be classified into three patterns. The first pattern is characterized by the easterly mesoscale cold wind, which is separated from the synoptic‐scale cold westerly and turns westward after going around the eastern side of the TianShan Mountains. The mesoscale cold wind categorized in the second pattern directly crosses over the TianShan Mountains, which often gives a very strong wind in the basin with the largest dust storms in the three patterns. The third pattern indicates that the cold wind crosses over Pamir plateau, although the magnitude of the dust storm is usually small.


The effective action oriented-learning indicate the learning that aims to enhance learning efficiency and effectiveness through effective action suitable for professional practice,its essence is that learn to study in action,learn to do in action and student-centered.The effectiveness of action and effectiveness of learning are method characteristics of effective action-oriented learning,the former include effective action objective,effective action driving,effective action task,effective action space,effective action process,effective action cooperation and effective action media,and the latter include effective action opportunity,effective action situation,effective action knowledge construction and effective action evaluation.


Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) was used to etch various GaN materials, such as GaN layers on sapphire and silicon carbide substrates grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition and thick GaN layers grown by physical vapor transport. It was found that CMP could reveal the dislocations in GaN surfaces due to a selective etching component. After the optimization of CMP condition, the surface finish improved and the subsurface damage was almost completely removed, demonstrated by atomic force microscopy and an electron back-scattered diffraction technique. This study established the correlation between the dislocation density and film quality. The crystalline perfection and optical properties of GaN layers were characterized by high resolution X-ray diffraction and photoluminescence.


Recently, water pollution is one of environment issues around the world. We have studied a water treatment using nanosecond pulsed powers. The water treatment utilizes not only active species such as hydroxyl radical produced by electric discharges but also direct actions of discharges such as ultraviolet rays, shock wave and so on. In treatment for surfactant solution using pulsed power system, purified water and tap water was used as solvents of the solution. As a result, when purified water was used as solvent of solution, foaming which is a typical property of surfactants disappeared faster than in the case of using tap water as solvent. To investigate reasons of this result, disodium terephthalate was added to the solution. Disodium terephthalate was used to evaluate production of hydroxyl radical. Disodium terephthalate in purified water would react with more hydroxyl radical than in tap water. When an external ozonizer was used for water treatment instead of pulsed power system, production of hydroxyl radical in purified water was as much as in tap water. This is considered that more hydroxyl radical was generated by electric discharge in purified water because the conductivity of purified water was lower than that of tap water. On the other hand, in case of using external ozonizer without electric discharge, water treatment was unaffected by the conductivity of solution. Consequently, it seemed that electric discharges and lower conductivity of solution contributed treatment of organic compounds such as surfactant.


Through analyzing slag system,alkalinity and chemical compositions of the deposited metal,a submerged-arc welding agglomerated flux for pressure vessel of anti-H2S corrosion with Al2O3-CaF2-MgO-SiO2-MnO-TiO2 fluoride and alkaline type slag system was developed.The experimental results indicate that agglomerated flux matched two kinds of welding wire made in institute of metal research chinese academy of sciences can both produce high tensile strength and low temperature impact toughness and good properties of the resistance to H2S corrosion.For matching the 1# welding wire,the weld metal have a relatively large component of Mn,brings down the γ→α transformation temperature,acicular ferrite increases in the weld metal.Thereby,the welded metal have higher low-temperature impact toughness.The low content of C,S and P has contributions to enhance the strength and impact toughness of the weld metal.The content of oxygen is only 0.035% and nitrogen is only 0.008%.The oxygen content reduces,which causes to produce bigger dimples in the ductile fracture appearance.At the same time the number of acicular ferrite increases,so the impact toughness is enhanced.


The invention discloses a handle rotating mechanism of a garden tool. The handle rotating mechanism comprises a handle and a handle fixing base, wherein the handle is contained in the handle fixing base. The handle rotating mechanism further comprises a rapid clamping member, a gear member and a main wrapping rod arranged on a main rod of the garden tool, the rapid clamping member is selectively connected with the gear member in a matched mode, the gear member is fixedly arranged on the handle, and the handle fixing base is rotationally connected with the main wrapping rod in a matched mode. Therefore, multi-direction rotation gear regulation among the members is achieved by the handle rotating mechanism of the garden tool through one action of the rapid clamping member, and the advantages of convenience and rapidness of the handle rotating mechanism are reflected completely.


6‐thioguanine, an antimetabolite not potentiated by allopurinol, has been used in the treatment of 29 patients with polycythemia vera. All but two of the patients had been treated previously by venesection and/or radioactive phosphorus (32p) and/or alkylating agents. The usual dose was 40–160 mg daily alternate weeks according to individual response. The treatment period varied from 6–66 months (mean, 31 months). Of 27 evaluable patients 24 (89%) responded to treatment and at one year there was a significant fall in all blood count parameters. Seven patients relapsed while on treatment and four were withdrawn because of side effects. 6‐thioguanine merits further evaluation in the management of polycythemia vera, particularly in those patients who have received large cumulative doses of 32p and/or alkylating agents and in whom an alternative mode of therapy is desirable.


A smart dual-targeted theranostic agent becomes highly fluorescent and phototoxic only when its linker is cleaved by tumor-associated lysosomal enzyme cathepsin B after internalization into folate receptor-positive cancer cells.


Ethnology and Empire: Languages, Literature, and the Making of the North American Borderlands . America and the Long 19th Century Series. By Robert Lawrence Gunn. (New York: New York University Press, 2015. xiv + 242 pp. Illustrations, maps, notes, index. $89.00, cloth; $28.00, paper.)

In the tense confrontation between Tecumseh and William Henry Harrison at Vincennes in 1810, the Shawnee leader famously accused Harrison of using linguistic difference to divide Native nations and accentuated his charge with "violent gestures" (p. 106). In Ethnology and Empire , Robert Lawrence Gunn revisits this well-known scene to argue that, despite a scholarly and administrative pre-occupation with language diversity and discord, Tecumseh's actions demonstrate the "richly developed common repertoire of linguistic and communicative practices" available to members of Tecumseh's pan-tribal confederacy (p. 107). Exploring the connection between … cmucher{at}smith.edu


A SPECS average speed camera scheme installed in 2012 is delivering real benefits to the A614 in Nottinghamshire. This paper examines in detail the changes that have been seen on that road, with a review of the factors that have resulted in the roads improved safety. Headline results: since installation, there have been no fatalities; the KSI figure has dropped by 54%; through casualty savings the scheme has `paid' for itself in six months of operation, covering both installation and five years of operation.


Dental problems are one of the many problems faced in the old age. Most of the problems arise from age related occlusal wear, loss of posterior support due to loss of teeth, periodontal and endodontic involvement of teeth. Restorative dentistry has created new dimensions in providing esthetic and functional rehabilitation of patients with severely worn-out dentition. This clinical report demonstrates successful multidisciplinary approach to a full mouth rehabilitation of a patient whose dentition has been esthetically and functionally restored.


In the appendix to Chapter 3 of Philosophical Fragments, Søren Kierkegaard's pseudonym Johannes Climacus describes a fictional encounter between personified versions of the understanding and the paradox. Although Climacus provides an extensive account of the unhappy result of this meeting, what he calls offence, he offers little by way of concrete description concerning the alternative to offence, namely, the happy meeting that leads towards faith. My purpose in this paper is to fill out in greater depth the happy meeting in Philosophical Fragments, and I do so by drawing on the concrete image of John the Baptist and his relation to the Messiah that Kierkegaard develops in his 1844 discourse 'He Must Increase; I Must Decrease'. I argue that John, with his disposition of humble self-denial and his task of preparation, can serve as an exemplar for the understanding in its relation to the paradox. Not only does this reading provide us with a more concrete picture of the happy meeting that is compatible with Climacus's own account but, as I suggest in the concluding section, it also affords us a manner by which to conceive the relationship between faith and reason in Kierkegaard that need not lead to the conclusions of the irrationalist or radical fideist interpretations.


A halo generation mechanism in the nonperiodic lattices such as the SNS (Spallation Neutron Source) linac MEBT [medium-energy beam transport between radio-frequency quadrupole and DTL (drift tube linac)] is reported. We find that the nonlinear space charge force resulting from large transverse beam eccentricity $\ensuremath{\sim}2:1$ in the $\ensuremath{\sim}1.6\mathrm{m}$-long MEBT chopper section is responsible for halo formation. As a result, the beam distribution, based on the front end emittance measurements and multiparticle simulation studies, develops halo that leads to beam loss and radioactivation of the SNS linac. Designing lattices with transverse beam eccentricity close to 1:1 suppresses this kind of halo generation. Modifying the MEBT optics and introducing adjustable collimators in the MEBT significantly reduced beam losses in the coupled cavity linac, which is a preferred scheme for mitigating halo. It turns out that the DTL collimation does not effectively remove halo and presents a risk of overheating drift tubes.


Finnish and German power prices have historically correlated well despite the lack of a direct interconnector between the countries. This article first analyses the historical link between the prices and the reasons explaining the link. Second, the article analyses the future role of the Central Western European power markets in setting the Finnish power price using PLEXOS simulation software. In addition to a Base scenario representing a best guess market outlook until the end of 2025, the article analyses sensitivities in fuel and emission prices, and in German, Dutch, British and Polish power prices. The results indicate that the Central Western markets, particularly Germany, impact the Finnish power price significantly also in the future, despite the current and foreseen spread between the prices that started as a result of the notable increase in natural gas price in 2021. The results help understanding the dynamics of power price formation in Finland.


To me, "uncritical usage of language" immediately refers to a certain Twitter user who needs a sustained covfefe break. Conveniently, earlier in the conference, Michelle McSwiggan Kelly pointed us to "Joyce in the Age of Trump," to help us conceptualize this resistance. More basically, as Levine and Leonard stated in the opening remarks of the program, the conference purpose was twofold. Simply put, we were to "make the most of sharing . . . passion for the work of James Joyce, then return home fortified with the certain knowledge that presenting it to the next generation is a privilege and a delight." Presenting such passion is not always a simple task, but we left equipped with tools, from the "Oculus Rift" to some great chamber music, from Joycean resonances in Star Trek to ways to combat xenophobia, from a deeper understanding of translation and bilingualism to a "Joyce" in China, from a couple of good jokes about excrement to the knowledge that the word "trump" is all over the Wake. The good news is that "Diasporic Joyce" makes the two-fold celebration and representation of passion for Joyce easier than ever before. The bad news is that we may need him now more than ever.


Objective To explore the effect of Atorvastatin and Methycobal for diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Methods 120 patietns with diabetic peripheral neuropathy were divided into the control group (treated with methycobal) and the study group (treated by atorvastatin and methycobal). The clinical effect, blood fat and nerve conduction velocity were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, the levels of TG, TC and LDL in the study group were significantly lower than that in the control group (P0.01); the total effective rate were 92.2% and 83.9%, respectively, in the two groups, with statistically significant difference (P0.05); Nerve conduction velocity of common peroneal nerve and median nerve in the study group were superior to that in the control group (P0.05). Conclusion For patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, Atorvastatin and Methycobal can improve clinical symptoms and nerve conduction velocity.


Based on Chinese scholars' documents about the management of knowledge employee and its research , this paper sums up and review the research of incentive method to knowledge employee , performance evaluation and management of knowledge employee , as well as the psychological contract of management , and puts forward prospect and suggestion about the management of knowledge employee and its research.


Aziridination reactions represent a powerful tool in aziridine synthesis. Significant progress has been achieved in this field in the last decades, whereas highly functionalized aziridines including 3-arylated aziridine-2-carbonyl compounds play an important role in both medical and synthetic chemistry. For the reasons listed, in the current review we have focused on the ways to obtain 3-arylated aziridines and on the recent advances (mainly since the year 2000) in the methodology of the synthesis of these compounds via aziridination.


In this study the odor causing substances from four surface waters, namely trans-1,10dimethyl-trans-9-decalol (GSM) and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) were ozonated at a range of ozone doses. Five organic fractions, including humic acid, fulvic acid, hydrophobic neutral, hydrophilic acid, and hydrophilic neutral, were extracted/isolated from source water and ozonated in synthetic waters. The surface waters containing more dissolved organic carbon, highly hydrophobic organics and specific ultra-violet absorbance (SUVA) value exhibited a high ozone demand, and the destruction of GSM and 2-MIB was significantly higher than the water containing low hydrophobic organic content and SUVA value at all ozone doses. Furthermore, the results of ozonation of synthetic waters indicated the degradation rate was significantly higher in the organic fraction with the highest aromaticity, phenolic groups, and SUVA. Ozonation in rich algae containing water shows that ozone or OH radical also destructed the algal cell, caused excretion of extracellular organic matter (EOM) to the bulk phase, with results showing a competing effect between EOM and odor causing substances.


Annona muricata L. also called as soursop is one of medicinal plants that have a broad spectrum of biological activities and the most impressive of which is anticancer activity. Annonaceous acetogenins (ACGs) have been shown to successfully induce death in cancer cell. However, the solubility of ACGs is poor, so modification of formula of Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) can be used for improving drug solubility. This study was used Annona muricata L. leaf chloroform extract then optimized to formula of SNEDDS using D-Optimal mixture design (Design Expert 9 Trial software). Sixteen formulas from the software consisting of oil phase (VCO), surfactant (tween 80-cremophor EL), and co-surfactant (propylene glycol) were tested of loading dose extract and characterized for transmittance, emulsification time, and phase separation. One sample t-test was used for verification, then the optimum SNEDDS was evaluated against particle size, polidispersity index, zeta potential, and TLC test was used to predict the active ingredient in the extract. The optimum SNEDDS consisting of 22.00% oil : 60.79% surfactant : 17.21% co-surfactant showed desirability value 0.608 and can loaded 25 mg/g extract. The optimum SNEDDS showed 84.4% (SE ± 1.64) of transmittance; 14.79 seconds (SE ± 1.81) of emulsification time; and 0.898 (SE ± 0.01) of phase separation. The verification test showed no significant difference (p >0.05) between the observation and the prediction from the software. Evaluation results showed 42.73 nm (SE ± 0.49) of the particle size; polidispersity index 0.37 (SE ± 0.10); -27.43 mV (SE ± 0.26) of zeta potential, and TLC results showed similarity of active ingredient in the extract with the active compound of the fraction. Therefore, from these results suggest that the optimum SNEDDS achieved the nanoparticle size for SNEDDS formulation and may be improving drug solubility.


Purpose: To investigate the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on the contraction of cultured human trabecular meshwork cells (HTMCs). Methods: After embedding them into collagen gels, primarily cultured HTMCs were exposed to NO donors, such as sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or S-Nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), for 1 week at various concentrations, and the contraction of the collagen gels was measured. Cellular survival and NO production were measured with MTT assay and Griess assay, respectively. Results: Though SNP and SNAP did not significantly affect cellular survival, they markedly enhanced NO production. Both sodium nitroprusside and SNAP inhibited the contraction of collagen gels by about 10% in dose and time-dependent manners (p


We report dye-degradation effects of a semiconductor LiBiO_3 revealed under illumination of a conventionally used white fluorescent light. Optical absorbance spectra of LiBiO_3 were broadened so smoothly, with the absorption edge penetrated to around 730 nm, that the material was able to absorb a wide range of visible light. Results showed that solution of a standard dye, methylene blue, was degraded completely after 4 h illumination. Furthermore, the value of total organic carbon decreased 70% in the decolorized solution, suggesting that the molecular form of the original methylene blue was mineralized effectively to nonorganic fragments by the photoinduced oxidization effect. Moreover, the wavelength dependence of apparent photonic efficiency was evaluated using a standard Xe lamp coupled with monochromatic filters. These results were interpreted from the viewpoint of this material's electronic structure.


ABSTRACT This special issue on gender, markets, and consumption follows another special issue on gender and identity that appeared in 2003 in CMC. Fifteen years later, gender still represents a spirited field of confrontation. Seven articles emerged from the reviewing process, and contribute to three main themes: (1) refined representations of gender, which are fine-tuned to contemporary market and societal changes; (2) transformative contributions sharpening understanding of what gender inequalities are and how to contrast them through consumption and markets; and, (3) critical perspectives on gender, which stimulate societal as well as subjective undoing of gender.


This paper describes an approach to evolution upon an artificial insect existing in a simulated two-dimensional world, comprised of a "spreading-activation" neural network. Study ofthe difficulty of hand-building neural networks has resulted in a genetic expression, based on the notion of the Von Neumann computer architecture and the biological principles of DNA, which incorporates both operations and data in a simulated DNA strand. Work in progress indicates that by embodying behavior parameters and actual neural connections in a genotypic "language," and by expressing that phenotypically as an animat, the computer simulation appears able to evolve a better species of animat through mutations upon the genotype.


Holographic interferometer technique has been used to demonstrate an influence of weak physical fields on model biological systems, such as aqueous solutions of DNA molecules, bovine and human serum albumine and embrio tissues, and human blood plasma. Two types of low-energy physical fields of different fundamental nature have been applied: a microwave electromagnetic field with frequencies in the range of tens of GHz and the inerton (inertia) field with a frequency of about 8 Hz. Obtained interference patterns demonstrate peculiar changes in the model biological systems – the rearrangement of macromolecules, which possess a long memory of the influence, up to tens of minutes.  2013 Trade Science Inc. - INDIA


This report presents the severe environment qualification of the power cable in severe radiation and thermal conditions. This qualification program provides Fluor Daniel Hanford Company information for the use of the new cable in the mixer pump for hydrogen mitigation and retrieval purposes.


The block copolymer poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane-b-dimethylsiloxane) (PFS40-b-PDMS480, where the subscripts refer to the mean degree of polymerization) self-assembles in n-decane at 25 °C to form long rodlike micelles (Raez et al. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 10381). Here, we describe a combination of static (SLS) and dynamic (DLS) light scattering measurements on solutions of the micelles in n-decane. By SLS, we find that the micelles are thin, rigid, rodlike structures with a mean length of ∼960 nm in the limit of zero concentration and a length that increases with concentration. Through a combination of SLS and DLS measurements, we find that that the cross-sectional hydrodynamic diameter of the micelle is 18 nm. These self-assembled structures also appear to have a narrow distribution of lengths (with Mw/Mn ≈ 1.1). These structures are much smaller than those observed on transmission electron microscopy (TEM) grids obtained from solutions of these self-assembled structures.


Antifungal activity of aqueous, acetonic, methanolic and ethanolic leaf and stem extracts of Indian medicinal plant Argyreia involucrata was investigated against Aspergillus niger NCIM 572, Aspergillus flavus NCIM 525 and Candida albicans NCIM 3471. Aqueous extracts doesn't shows any effect on Aspergillus niger. Acetonic, methanolic and ethanolic extracts shown their antifungal effect on Aspergillus niger. The significant antifungal acitivity was compared with standard antibiotics Co-trimoxazole and Fluconazole. The results obtained in the present study suggest that they can be used in treating diseases caused by the test organisms.


The main structure of the hydraulic riveting clamp was introduced.The force from arched arm of riveting clamp device was analyzed on the condition of exerting maximum load.Finite element grid of arched arm was partitioned by finite element method,and stress analysis of finite element model was implemented.The analysis result provides reference for designing the structure of arched arm reasonably.


Photovoltaic (PV) energy is the most important energy resource since it is clean, pollution free, and inexhaustible. Due to rapid growth in the semiconductor and power electronics techniques, it is important to operate PV energy conversion systems near the maximum power point to increase the output efficiency of PV arrays. The output power of PV arrays is always changing with weather conditions, which mean solar irradiation and atmospheric temperature. Some MPPT techniques are available in that perturbation and observation (P&O) and improved perturbation and observation (IP&O). A P&O method is the most simple, which moves the operating point toward the maximum power point periodically increasing or decreasing the PV array voltage. It was proved that the P&O method control system sometimes deviates from the maximum operating point. When the MPP is reached, the P&O method will oscillate around it in case of constant or slowly varying atmospheric conditions. This problem can be solved to decrease the perturbation step; however, the tracking response will be slower. In case of rapidly changing atmospheric conditions, the P&O method can occasionally make the system operation point far from the MPP. Perturbation and observation (P&O) is that the operating point oscillates around the maximum power point (MPP).The improved P&O method is introduced, based on hysteresis band and auto-tuning perturbation step. There is trade-off between dynamic response and steady state due to the selection of "dv". The Improved perturbation and observation (IP&O) has the tracking response will be higher. IP&O method has rapidly changing atmospheric conditions then the unpredictable performance with oscillations around maximum power point (MPP). In IP&O has high reliability and it is very complexity. A Mat labSimulink based simulation study of PV cell/PV module/PV array is carried out and presented.


Periprocedural man age ment of antithrombotics is a com mon but chal leng ing clin i cal sce nario that ren ders patients vul ner a ble to poten tial adverse events such as bleed ing and throm bo sis. Over the past decade, periprocedural antithrombotic approaches have changed con sid er ably with the advent of direct oral anti co ag u lants (DOACs), as well as a par a digm shift away from bridg ing in many war fa rin patients. Successfully nav i gat ing this high - risk period relies on a num ber of indi vid u al ized patient assess ments conducted within a frame work of stan dard ized, sys tem atic approaches. It also requires a thor ough under stand ing of antithrombotic phar ma co ki net ics, mul ti dis ci plin ary coor di na tion of care, and com pre hen sive patient edu ca tion and empow er ment. In this arti cle, we pro vide cli ni cians with a prac ti cal, step wise approach to periprocedural man age ment of antithrombotic agents through case - based exam ples of rel e vant clin i cal sce nar ios. LEARNING