FIELD: electricity. SUBSTANCE: infrared sensor 40 for measuring infrared radiation and light-emitting element 54 are located close to each other under transparent top panel 4a which contains area for heating placed on it article A being heated so that infrared radiation from heated article can be directed to infrared sensor 40. To direct light from light-emitting element to heating area on the top panel 4a there is lightguide section 36a, and light from light-emitting element 54 which has passed via lightguide section 36a is projected to top panel 4a through top hole 36d of lightguide section so that this light is visible inside heating area 35. EFFECT: invention improves possibility to control temperature of heated article depending on infrared sensor readings. 11 cl, 13 dwg


The optimization formulation of the problem of calculating the scattering of electromagnetic waves by a circular cylinder with nonlinear electrical contacts on the surface is considered. A nonlinear programming problem in which the optimality parameters are the currents on the nonlinear elements, and the optimality criterion expresses the requirement to fulfill the Manley-Rowe relations for each contact is formulated. The efficiency of the described approach in solving problems of nonlinear scattering is shown by the example of cylindrical reflectors.


With the use of cyclic S matrix, the cyclic encoding configuration of one dimension two dimension encoding mask have been designed, which make the encoding measuring procedure of the instrument remarkably simplified. A decoding algorithm based on π transform and fast Hadamard transform changes the matrix multiplication to the addition ,subtraction and position exchanging among the matrix elements, so reduces the demand of the instrument for computer.


Lean quality strategy (LQS) is a powerful and systematic approach widely recognized for improving the organizational processes and thus, increases organizational effectiveness. The debate has been centered that LQS is a key ingredient in operationalizing the organizational functions. Further, LQS has the ability to truly develop and encourage the high-performance culture necessary to embrace the organizational objectives. Regardless of the potential benefits of LQS organizations remain to overlook to have quality improvement in their functions. Organizations even persistently encountering difficulties to meet with the challenging competencies. One of the highlighted reasons is not incorporating the HR practices to the implementation of LQS. The study, therefore, aims to understand the impact of HR practices on the implementation of LQS. A qualitative method was employed to collect the data by conducting interviews with 12 participants from both functional and HR departments. Research findings indicate that HRM is the main driver behind the objective of LQS implementation to make its possible by entrusting each department to run their tasks in the best possible ways. It has been concluded that LQS is an influential strategy which has the ability to specifying and improving the business performance. LQS is critical to driving the organizational processes important for functional effectiveness. Some recommendations were also presented.


Koine Greek, the language used by the New Testament writers, does not have an exact one-to-one correlation with modern English. Translators and theologians must sort through several layers of possible meanings when they craft their English translations and construct their theological scaffolding. In this book, Matthew Bates provides a fresh look at the Greek word pistis, which has commonly been translated as "faith" by the Reformers and on to the present. As evident from the book title, Salvation by Allegiance Alone, Bates argues that a better translation for pistis is "allegiance," and he lays out some deep implications of this nuanced translation for the content of the gospel message, namely, how to think about salvation, righteousness, and good works. In a format that seeks to balance scholarly depth with accessibility, Bates has produced a book that holds the reader in mind. Although academic in background, this book is suited to theological students, pastors, and perhaps even church groups who are willing to sharpen their definitions of faith, the gospel, and salvation. Each chapter is carefully laid out with a discernible structure and includes a basic summary, suggestions for further reading, and questions for deeper reflection. This book is no dusty tome that loses readers along the way, but rather a work dedicated to helping Christians work through what it means to reframe their faith journey into one of allegiance to King Jesus, the cosmic Lord. The book's introduction covers significant ground. It spells out the cursory case for why pistis should be translated "allegiance/fidelity/loyalty" instead of "faith," noting this information is not new, at least not to scholars. The author engages this information at the popular level and seeks a realignment in framing the gospel and thoughts on final salvation. Bates argues that evangelicals have radically understated the importance of "Jesus's enthronement," which should be understood as the climax of the gospel. This undervaluing of kingship allows "faith"—more of a secondary nuance in translating pistis—to overtake "allegiance" to Christ the King. The first chapter ("Faith Is Not") lays groundwork on what faith is and is not. The author suggests that pistis is nearer in meaning to "fidelity" than it is to "faith," but since so much of the discussion going forward is about this meaning, he seeks to clarify the terms he is using. Faith is not the "opposite of evidence assessment," "a leap in the dark," an "it's all good attitude," or mere "intellectual dissent." In the second chapter ("Loyalty and the Full Gospel"), Bates suggests that the "standard" gospel presentation one might read in a church tract is not the full gospel. Worse, Bates contends, is that this presentation is a distortion of the full gospel, which erroneously emphasizes an individualcentered story about personal sins and personal salvation. The author is emphatic about returning to the full scope of the gospel:


Objective To investigate the effect of mild hypothermia on craniocerebral firearm wound(CFW) in megathermal and megahumid environment in dogs.Methods CFW in megathermal(atmospheric temperature,39℃±0.5℃) and megahumid environment(relative humidity,80%~85%) was made by pistol in 60 dogs.The dogs with CFW were randomly divided averagely into hypothermia and control groups.The dogs in the hypothermia group were treated by intravenous infusion of cold physiological saline at(1.2±0.34)℃(5% body weight) during the operation and their body temperatures were decreased to 33~35℃ with ice blanket after the operation for 48 hours.The dogs in the control groups were given the saline at room temperature and routine treatment.Powlad /8SP physiological recorder was used to observe the changes in vital signs and the rate of survival was recorded after the treatment in both the hypothermia and control groups.The curative effects in both the groups were statistically analysed.Results The dogs' vital signs were stable and the mortality was 40%(12/30) in mild hypothermia group.The disturbances of vital signs were aggravated in the dogs of control group and the mortality was 70%(21/30).There was significant difference in the mortality between the two groups(P0.05).Conclusion The mild hypothermia treatment early after CFW can decrease the mortality of the dogs with CFW in megathermal and megahumid environment.


Background and Objectives: Practical Commitment to Religious Beliefs can affect The relationship, decision, commitment and parenting of couples and improve family functioning and strengthen the foundation of families. The purpose of this study is the prediction of Coherence and family functioning in couples based on Practical Commitment to Religious Beliefs in city of Tabriz. Materials and Methods: The type of this study was descriptive cross-sectional and sampling method was available sampling, n = 40 men, n = 37 women and studied population included all secondary schools in Tabriz city. Data collection techniques were Family Assessment Device (FAD) and questionnaire of Practical Commitment to Religious Beliefs. Data were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation). Results: There was a significant positive correlation between religiosity and family functioning (r = 0.375, P <0.01). Linear regression analysis showed that men and women religious has a significant role in explaining and predicting changes in family functioning (P <0.01). Conclusion: Practical Commitment to Religious Beliefs can predict coherence and family functioning in couples, And promote positive relationships between family members in the family. Keywords: Coherence and family functioning, religious belief, couples, Tabriz


AIM: According to the functions of Lumbago Suppositiory (Radix Aconiti, Ramulus Cinnamoni, Moschus, etc) (LS), we observed the connection among anti-inflammatory, analgesia and promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. METHODS: Rat chemical radiculoneuritis model was set up to observe influence of LS on inflammation, pain threshold, gait and PLA_2 in serum, content of adrencorticoids and adrenalin. Cold accumulation type of blood stasis symptom model was built up to observe the influence of LS on blood rheological property, effect of LS on mouse's micro-circulation in ears was also observed. RESULTS: Lumbago Suppository inhibited inflammation of rat radiculoneuritis model obviously and had recovery of functions for gait and pain threshold. And it also could reduce the content of PLA_2 in serum and raise the level of adrenocorticoids and adrenalin. It also obviously changed "blood stasis symptom", rat blood rheological property and auricle micro-circulation of mouse. CONCLUSION: Lumbago Suppository's functions of anti-inflammatory and analgesia have strong relation ships with promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.


In order to apply the artificial freezing technology to the deep foundation pit,a physical model test of the stress and deformation of large diameter circular frozen wall were carried out on a self designed large test rig.The changing laws were obtained between the horizontal displacement of the wall and factors of the excavation depth,wall diameter and the average of temperature of frozen soil.The results show that the wall horizontal displacement increases with the increasing of the excavating depth and diameter,but decreases with the decreasing of the temperature.The maximum horizontal displacement occurs below the excavated surface with the depth of 0.7~0.8 times of the pit depth.The diameter and depth of a pit are the major factors that affect horizontal displacement of the frozen wall.


OBJECTIVE The inclusion complex of amoxicillin/β-cyclodextrin was investigated to improve the performance of the amoxi-cillin preparation. METHODS In aqueous solution, the inclusion complex of amoxicillin/β-cyclodextrin was studied by Ultraviolet Spec-troscopy and phase solubility. The inclusion complex was prepared by trituration and was confirmed by DTA and X-ray diffraction.The dissolution rates of amoxicillin and inclusion complex were compared. RESULTS In aqueous solution, inclusion complex easily formed between amoxicillin and β-cyclodextrin. In the presence of 6.16×10-3 mol·L-1 β-cyclodextrin,the solubility of inclusion complex was 3.89 times than that of amoxicillin.The dissolution rate in 10 minutes was 8.2 times as much as that of amoxicillin.CONCLUSION The solubility and dissolution of amoxicillin were improved with β-cyclodextrin.


Ten lines of summary verse capitula precede each book of Walter of Châtillon's Alexandreis in many surviving manuscripts. But a substantial number carry as well a competing set of prose argumenta that convey a markedly different sense of the work's structure. This article explores the richly varied mise-en-page of this alternative summary. It is argued that such details of layout often attenuate a clear sense of the authoritative status of one apparatus over the other, and that this instability impinges in turn upon key issues for the interpretation of the poem as a whole.


of closure, most particularly in her discussion of the lesbian expatriates who came to Paris, Benstock makes clear her indebtedness to deconstruction, to the practice of "plot[ting] not only the differences between male and female, masculine and feminine, but the differences within each of these categories . . . the differences within gender." Pleaders wary of the sometimes obfuscating discourse of deconstructive criticism will be relieved by Benstock's elegant and lucid prose. In portraying Edith Wharton's hesitating efforts to gain entry into the conservative Parisian salons, in contrasting Natalie Barney's espousal of an "ethics of promiscuity" with the stuffy formality of her lesbian salon, in recounting the disaster of Colette's marriage and her early persecution as a lesbian artist, in analyzing the heterosexist dynamics of the Stein-Toklas "marriage," in documenting Adrienne Monnier's aghast reaction to Joyce's financial exploitation of her lover Sylvia Beach—Benstock creates a brilliant mosaic of what seems at times a veritable city of literary women. Women of the Left Bank, in short, reads like a novel; as such, it should become a critical best seller.


Tight binding simulation studies using the density functional tight binding (DFTB) model have been performed on various zigzag single-walled carbon-nanotubes (SWCNTs) to investigate their electronic properties using DFTB module of the Material Studio Software version 7.0. Various combinations of different eigen-solvers and charge mixing schemes available in the DFTB Module have been tried to chalk out the electronic structure. The analytically deduced values of the bandgap of (9, 0) SWCNT were compared with the experimentally determined value reported in the literature. On comparison, it was found that the tight binding approximations tend to drastically underestimate the bandgap values. However, the combination of Anderson charge mixing method with standard eigensolver when implemented using the smart algorithm was found to produce fairly close results. These optimized model parameters were then used to determine the band structures of various zigzag SWCNTs. (9, 0) Single-walled Nanotube which is extensi...


THE POSSIBILITY OF MAKING AN IMPROVED BINDER FOR BITUMINOUS PAVEMENTS OF THE HOT-MIX HOT-LAY TYPE BY DISPERSING COAL IN DISTILLED COAL TARS AND COAL TAR OILS IS STUDIED. SUITABLE LABORATORY AND PILOT PLANT EQUIPMENT WAS ASSEMBLED AND OPTIMUM CONDITIONS FOR THE DISPERSION OF COAL IN TARS AND OILS WERE DETERMINED. VARIOUS COALS, TARS, AND OILS WERE COMPARED AS TO THEIR SUITABILITY FOR THE PURPOSE. EXPERIMENTAL QUANTITIES OF COAL-MODIFIED TAR BINDERS WERE PRODUCED AND ANALYZED AND THEN COMBINED WITH VARIOUS AGGREGATES IN HOT MIXES. THE LATTER WERE THEN COMPARED WITH HOT MIXES CONTAINING TYPICAL ASPHALT CEMENTS AND COAL-TAR BINDERS. THE TESTS APPEARED TO INDICATE THAT IT WOULD BE POSSIBLE TO MAKE HOT MIXES WITH COAL-MODIFIED TAR CEMENTS EQUAL OR SUPERIOR TO THOSE MADE WITH USUAL ASPHALT OR COAL- TAR BINDERS. A PILOT PLANT WAS BUILT TO PRODUCE 150,000 GALLONS OF COAL-MODIFIED TAR BINDER FOR COMPARISON WITH ASPHALT CEMENTS NORMALLY USED IN KENTUCKY IN CLASS I AND CLASS I-MODIFIED BITUMINOUS-PAVEMENTS. DURING A PERIOD OF THREE MONTHS IT PRODUCED 104 BATCHES OF BINDER, OF WHICH 100 BATCHES WERE OF THE THREE-COMPONENT TYPE (COAL, TAR, AND OIL), TWO OF THE TWO-COMPONENT TYPE (COAL AND TAR), AND TWO CONSISTED ONLY OF TAR (RT-12). THE BINDER WAS DELIVERED TO 14 TEST SITES IN VARIOUS PARTS OF THE STATE. AT TWO, THREE- COMPONENT BINDER WAS USED IN HOT MIX LAID 2 3/4 INCHES THICK ON A TAR-PRIMED SOIL BASE (CLASS I-MODIFIED). AT ALL OTHER SITES, THE BINDER WAS USED IN 1 1/2 INCH CLASS I OVERLAYS ON EXISTING BLACK-TOP PAVEMENTS WHICH FOR THE MOST PART HAD REQUIRED EXTENSIVE MAINTENANCE BECAUSE OF BASE FAILURES, EXCESSIVE CRACKING, OR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SLIPPERY SURFACES. COAL-MODIFIED TAR BINDERS APPEARED TO BE SOMEWHAT SUPERIOR TO USUAL ASPHALTIC HOT-MIXES WITH RESPECT TO SET-UP DURING ROLLING AND EARLY TRAFFIC, BUT INFERIOR WITH RESPECT TO FUMING, ESPECIALLY WHEN THE TEMPERATURES OF THE MIXES EXCEEDED 260 F. INSPECTION OF SOME OF THE TEST SECTIONS IN SPRING 1960, FOLLOWING UNUSUALLY SEVERE WINTER WEATHER, EMPHASIZED THE NEED FOR BETTER TEMPERATURE SUSCEPTIBILITIES TO PROVIDE GREATER FLEXIBILITY OF THE OVERLAYS AT LOW ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURES. COMPARISONS WERE MADE OF THE SUITABILITY OF APPROXIMATELY 40 DIFFERENT COALS FROM VARIOUS PARTS OF THE UNITED STATES AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES, THE USE OF LOW, MEDIUM, AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE TARS AS DISPERSING MEDIA FOR THE COALS, ATTEMPTS TO USE OILS OF PETROLEUM ORIGIN AS FLUXING AGENTS, AND THE ADDITION OF VARIOUS POLYMERS TO THE COAL-DISPERSIONS. ALSO, VARIOUS TYPES OF BINDERS WERE COMPARED AS TO THEIR VISCOSITIES AT SEVERAL TEMPERATURES AND NUMEROUS METHODS FOR COMPARING THE BRITTLENESS OF DIFFERENT HOT-MIX BINDERS AT LOW TEMPERATURES WERE TRIED. /AUTHOR/


The secure sockets layer (SSL), later modified to become transport layer security (TLS), has become the basis of many aspects of Internet security. The vast majority of e-commerce sites use TLS to protect consumers. Within the past year, a number of TLS weaknesses have become apparent. These weaknesses are due to problems in the domain name system (DNS), problems with certificate distribution, browser programming errors, usability issues, and advances in cryptanalysis. While the basic SSL/TLS protocol is not compromised by any of these security failures, the result is that current e-commerce implementations are severely flawed. This provides a number of important lessons for designing, implementing and deploying trusted systems.


Silver nanoparticles (AgNP) have unique properties which help in molecular diagnostics, in therapies, as well as in devices that are used in several medical procedures. AgNP are nanoparticles of silver which are in the range of 1 and 100 nm in size. The major methods used for AgNP synthesis are the physical and chemical methods. The major applications of AgNP in the medical field include diagnostic applications and therapeutic applications. In most of the therapeutic applications, it is the antimicrobial property that is being majorly explored though the anti-viral property has its fair share of applications. This review provides a comprehensive view on the synthesis and applications of nanoparticles in the medical field. The focus is on exploring their various prospective applications besides trying to understand the current scenario.


The NATO Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS) was set up in 1969 to explore ways of using our experience to improve the quality of life for all peoples. The conceptual approach of CCMS is of pilot country leadership; stimulation of national and international action; open participation and results; and sustained follow-up. To date a wide variety of projects has been undertaken and it is thought that their success is at least partly due to the entrepreneurial spirit of the committee and the lack of heavy bureaucracy found in so many international bodies. The risk of international conflict may have lessened in recent months but the risks involved in technological advance has probably increased: CCMS hopes to provide some 'navigational aids' in this advance.


It is over a decade since Palaeolithic parietal art was first spotted in Europe on exposed open-air surfaces—cave art without the caves. Now the major site in Portugal is threatened by the lake behind a river-dam under construction. Here is a report on what cave art outside the caves amounts to, and of the confrontations over the Côa site that were in the headlines early this year.


The existence of an e-LAPOR (Layanan Aspirasi dan Pengaduan Online Rakyat) is the implementation of e-Governance to facilitate public service complaints for the community. This study aims to analyze and describe the Implementation of e-LAPOR in Services at Jayapura Regency, Kominfo Service, and to analyze the supporting and inhibiting factors for the Implementation of e-LAPOR in Services at the Regency, Services of Information and Communications Services. Jayapura. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach which was carried out at Jayapura Regency Communication and Informatics Office, the determination of informants was carried out by snowball. Data collection techniques used are observation and interviews. Data analysis includes the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of the study show that the implementation of the e-LAPOR Policy in services at the Jayapura District Communication and Information Service has been running but not optimal. In terms of the communication aspect, it has been carried out as it should, by coordinating the policy organizers for information dissemination and socialization in introducing this policy to the target group. In the aspect of human resources, they already have adequate human resources and meet the adequacy aspect, but in terms of the quality of mastery of technical skills it is still lacking, so it is very necessary to hold training to develop the soft skills they have, the institutional environment of facilities is sufficient to carry out the SP4N-LAPOR (Sistem Pengelolaan Pengaduan Pelayanan Publik Nasional Layanan Aspirasi dan Pengaduan Online Rakyat) application is managed by the Admin, access to the internet is also sufficient to run the application. The disposition works quite adequately based on the firmness and seriousness of policy implementers at the institutional level in carrying out the policy. Then, the Bureaucratic Structure is based on the authority and obligation that is handed over by the main tasks and functions of each existing field and section and refers to the SOP (Standard Operational Procedures) for policy implementation. Supporting factors are the existence of regulations at the regional level, the allocation of human resources, and supporting facilities. Then the inhibiting factor is that the community is not very adept at using the e-LAPOR application to make complaints, especially the people at the village level. Then, the lack of outreach to the community and limited access to the internet network in the villages.


The application of aritificial neural network and genetic algorithm for processing optimization of plastic injection was discussed.First of all,the mathematics model between the process parameters for injection and the warpage amount of the part was set up with neural network.Then,the process parameters were optimized with genetic algorithm.Design experiment samples were gotten by orthogonal plan method and got the warpage amount of the part which came from the numerical simulating as goal of optimizing.Through doing tests in the light of optimizing parameters,the superior quality part was obtained,so it was a kind of effectual means for setting up and controlling parameters of injection.


OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to examine whether the beneficial effect of Fingolimod (FTY720) in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) involves modulation of the naturally occurring CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Treg) compartment. BACKGROUND: A defect in the suppressive function of naturally occurring Treg has been implicated in the pathogenesis of MS. FTY720 is a sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptor agonist that was recently approved for treatment of relapsing remitting MS (RRMS). FTY720 inhibits lymphocyte egress from secondary lymphoid organs into the circulation and is likely to preclude trafficking of pathogenic lymphocytes into the central nervous system. Recent animal studies suggest that the immunomodulatory action of FTY720 also includes effects on Treg function and frequencies. DESIGN/METHODS: We prospectively assessed frequencies and phenotypes of blood CD4+ T cells including Treg as well as suppressive activities of isolated Treg in patients with RRMS undergoing prolonged therapy with FTY720 (n=20) and in healthy donors (n=20). Experiments were completed by determination of S1P triggered trafficking of Treg using transwell assays. RESULTS: Treatment with FTY720 (1-3 months) led to a massive reduction of blood CD4 + T cells (80-90%) which was mainly driven by selective decrease of CCR7 expressing subtypes. In contrast, relative frequencies of Treg were strongly (2-3-fold) increased without major changes in the distribution of naive, recent thymic emigrant (RTE) and memory Treg phenotypes. Concomitantly, FTY720 therapy improved the Treg inhibitory function on polyclonally stimulated conventional T cells in vitro. CONCLUSIONS: Our observations suggest that FTY720 exerts beneficial effects on the Treg compartment in MS. As circulating Treg do not become enriched in naive Treg subtypes that were previously shown to contribute to the overall Treg performance, the enhanced inhibitory activity is likely to be influenced by the depletion of activated CCR7+ T cells. Supported by: German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Competence network Multiple Sclerosis, Alliance B1""Immune therapy: biological response, risk signatures and immune vigilance"). Disclosure: Dr. Haas has nothing to disclose. Dr. Balint has nothing to disclose. Dr. Schwarz has nothing to disclose. Dr. Korporal-Kuhnke has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wildemann has received personal compensation for activities with Merck-Serono and Teva/Sanofi Aventis. Dr. Wildemann has received research support from Novartis Pharma GmbH and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research.


A theoretical study is made to determine whether there is a stationary solution for the inertia limited region and whether its existence is limited by Bohm's criterion. It is concluded that Bohm's criterion is not a necessary limitation for the boundary layer, and that the inertia limited zone formed when a plasma is bounded by an insulated wall cannot, in general, have a stationary solution. (J.S.R.)


The Roman Catholic Church, the Church of England and the British Methodist Church have retained or restored the diaconate. These diaconates remain distinctive and capable of further change. This article uses a receptive ecumenical approach to ask what the Roman Catholic Church can learn or receive with integrity from the diaconate in the Church of England and British Methodism. The first section examines the reassessment of the diaconate of service by John N. Collins. The next two sections explore specific learning opportunities from the Church of England Distinctive Diaconate and the British Methodist Diaconal Order. The fourth section examines the way that British Methodism has become alert to the possibilities of unhealthy notions of diaconal service. The final section explores work towards the interchangeability of deacons, concluding that, in the development of the diaconate, the current historical moment provides opportunities for ecclesial learning and perhaps a step towards visible unity.


Argyrous (1992) has performed the valuable service of elaborating on the role of exemplars in Kuhn's philosophy of science, and in economics in particular. He is right that this aspect of Kuhn has not received adequate attention. Argyrous's account of work on the consumption function demonstrates admirably the conduct of normal science as problemsolving. Normal science progresses by developments within a theoretical framework that address puzzles arising within the framework. Argyrous demonstrates how appealing an exemplar is that promises ample puzzles to be solved. Indeed, he identifies exemplars as a mechanism by which paradigms retain members and attract new adherents. What is puzzling, however, is that this argument is presented as a counterargument to relativist interpretations of Kuhn (as well as rationalist critiques). First, the term relativism requires some attention. It has been used by critics of Kuhn in dualistic juxtaposition to rationalism, implying that nothing may be said about different paradigms. It is this sense that Argyrous seems to have in mind. However, he cites Dow (1985) as an example, although I make the case there for a different interpretation of Kuhn, which I call "reasoned relativism." While Kuhn denied the possibility of a complete set of extra-paradigmatic criteria of appraisal, he allowed for some extra-paradigmatic criteria, and also for paradigm appraisal, inevitably by the criteria of one paradigm (see Kuhn, 1977, p. 297). Parallels may be drawn with Keynes's ordinary logic, which can be applied to incompletely quantifiable infor-


Maternal inflammation/infection alone or in combination with birth asphyxia increases the risk for perinatal brain injury. Free radicals are implicated as major mediators of inflammation and hypoxia‐ischemia (HI)–induced perinatal brain injury. This study evaluated the neuroprotective efficacy of a scavenging agent, N‐acetylcysteine (NAC), in a clinically relevant model.


In the present study to estimate the effect of triazole viz. triadimefon and hexaconazole on the antioxidant metabolism of Raphanus sativus. Triadimefon (TDM) 10 mg and hexaconazole (HEX) 5 mg L who l-1 1 treated to per plant in one pot, on 8, 23, 38 and 53 days after sowing (DAS). The antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) were extracted and assayed on 30 and 60 DAS form shoot and tuber of both control and triazole treated plants. Triazole treatment increased the enzymatic antioxidants on the plant.


This paper presents the search for substructures within the Supercluster S [227+006+0078]. To use the spectroscopic database (7th data release) of galaxies, studied the number density, all-sky distribution, and redshift maps to identify substructures based on their richness and compactness. And also to find out the substructures within the Supercluster, using the contour plot of number densities of galaxies within the appropriate radius values and number of nearby galaxies.


Purpose. To determine whether individuals' perceptions of their emotional, physical, social, and spiritual health constitute elements of their self-rated health status operationalized with a commonly employed single indicator. Design. Secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey data. Structural equation modeling with LISREL was used. Setting. The Yukon Health Promotion Survey, Yukon Territory, Canada, 1993. Subjects. The population-based sample was made up of 742 women and 713 men between 15 and 90 years of age; 80.3% responded. Measures. Self-rated health status was operationalized with the "excellent, good, fair, poor" indicator derived from the question: "In general, compared to other people your age, would you say your health is. …" Social, spiritual, emotional, and physical health status were also self-rated from excellent to poor. Results. The model's fit of the data was acceptable. Only physical health status significantly contributed to the variance in self-rated health status (55.1% of the variance was explained). Emotional, social, and spiritual health were found to have no effect on individuals' ratings of their health status. Conclusions. Although recent conceptualizations have broadened in much of the theoretical and political discourse about health, especially in health promotion, the self-rated health status indicator measures only physical health status.


Governance issues related to the energy sector are complex and are assuming increasing importance with respect to sustainability of natural resources. This paper discusses the birth of the concept of independent regulation in the US, the two streams of regulation – rate of return regulation and price cap regulation – in the developed world, and the differences in their approach. It then covers independent regulation and governance of the energy sector in developing countries, focusing on India.


The fire safety regulations, standards and codes of practice, traditionally based on descriptive requirements deriving from experience of authorities and experts, are more and more including performance requirements expressed independently of the building solutions. The probabilistic fire analysis is a new step forward to represent more closely the global fire safety really obtained : any possible cause of failure (accidental actions, fire scenarios, structural defect, human error, ...) is considered and its probability of occurence is assessed by methods based on available statistical data about real fires. The feasibility of standards and regulations based on probabilistic analysis is discussed and practical problems raised by this approach for tunnels are detailed. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD E101472.


We introduce a new distance measure for comparing polygonal chains: the k-Fréchet distance. As the name implies it is closely related to the well-studied Fréchet distance but allows to find similarities between curves that resemble each other only piecewise. As we will explain it provides a nice transition between (weak) Fréchet distance and Hausdorff distance. We prove NPcompleteness for the k-Fréchet distance of polygonal curves in different variants and furthermore APX-completeness for the optimization version of our problem, discuss algorithmic approaches and present open questions.


Medical and social factors impact on recurrent tuberculosis development in accordance with requirements of sociological studies. Medical and social factors contributing to the development of recurrent tuberculosis received from phthisiatricians (n=92) and district doctors (n=144) filled in anonymous questionnaires in Volgograd are reviewed in the article. Socioeconomic factors followed by psychological and medical are considered to be the major cause of recurrent tuberculosis by phthisiatricians (85.9%) and district doctors (73.6%). Threat of disease recurrence is identified by 86.9% of phthisiatricians and 70.9% of district doctors. The obtained data is shown that need to give more attention to social, ethicolegal and psychological problems at this nosology in postgraduate training for doctors (taking into account specifics of their professional activity).


This workshop explores design assumptions about technology in music. It suggests a new technique of instrument design which integrates human-powered electrical generators. It is intended to open up for discussion the relationship between contemporary electronic instruments, requiring proximity to a power grid, or a steady supply of batteries, and pre-electronic music culture. To explore these hypotheses, some related works and theory will be briefly introduced. Then, a construction project will be undertaken, in which the group constructs prototypical electronic instruments of exertion to take home.


According to the characteristics of band and chain,these two kinds of transmission mode are combined together.Their respective parameters coordination collocation and rational selection of transmission parameters are carried out by using TRIZ theory and value analysis of belt and driving out value chain combination optimization,which makes the whole combination of transmission of performance improved.


Objectives: To hypothesize in a new and different population that administrative database (ADB) screening would identify somatizing patients by increasing numbers of visits, female gender, and greater percent of International Classification of Diseases, 9th Edition (ICD-9) primary diagnosis codes in musculoskeletal, nervous, gastrointestinal (GI), and ill-defined body systems. We labeled these codes as having "somatization potential." Our earlier study demonstrated that ICD-9 codes and other data from the ADB effectively identified somatization. Methods: Using a prospective observational design in a staff model health maintenance organization, we evaluated 1364 patients aged 18 to 65 years who had ≥8 visits yearly in the 2 years before study. Clinician raters applied a reliable method of medical chart review to identify patients meeting the criteria for somatization. We randomly selected 2/3 for the derivation set (n = 901) for logistic regression to evaluate the contribution of potential ADB correlates (age, gender, all encounters, primary diagnosis codes (ICD-9), revenue codes, and charges) of a diagnosis of somatization. This prediction rule was then applied to the remaining 1/3 of subjects, the validation set (n = 463). Results: Patients averaged 47.1 years, 12.8 visits per year, and 71.6% were female; 319 had somatization. Age, visits, and somatization potential were associated with clinician-rated somatization, with a c-statistic 0.72 in the derivation set and 0.68 in the validation set. Conclusions: These data support our earlier findings that selected ICD-9 diagnoses in the ADB predict somatization, suggesting their potential in identifying a common, costly, and usually unrecognized problem. ADB = administrative database; ICD-9 = International Classification of Diseases, 9th Edition; HMO = health maintenance organization; RCT = randomized controlled trial; DSM-IV = Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition; PHQ-15 = Patient Health Questionnaire, 15 items; PHQ-15-R = PHQ-15, Revised.


We have developed a layered hydroxyapatite/diamondlike carbon/functionally gradient diamondlike carbon-silver/titanium carbide/titanium carbonitride/titanium nitride composite film using pulsed laser deposition. A diamondlike carbon interlayer between a hydroxyapatite coating and the Ti-6Al-4V alloy can serve several purposes, including preventing corrosion of Ti-6Al-4V alloy, overcoming poor adhesion between the hydroxyapatite coating and the titanium oxide surface, and reducing inflammation at the implant/tissue interface. Titanium nitride, titanium carbonitride (TiC x N y ), titanium carbide and functionally gradient diamondlike carbon-silver layers were used to improve the adhesion of diamondlike carbon films to Ti-6Al-4V alloy. We envision several potential medical applications for these multilayer materials, including use in orthopedic and dental devices.


AbstractThe bias correction of climate model outputs is based on the main assumption of the time invariance of the bias, in which the statistical relationship between observations and climate model outputs in the historical period stays constant in the future period. The present study aims to assess statistical bias correction under nonstationary bias conditions and its implications on the simulated streamflow over two snowmelt-driven Canadian catchments. A pseudoreality approach is employed in order to derive a proxy of future observations. In this approach, CRCM–ECHAM5 ensemble simulations are used as pseudoreality observations to correct for bias in the CRCM–CGCM3 ensemble simulations in the reference (1971–2000) period. The climate model simulations are then bias corrected in the future (2041–70) period and compared with the future pseudoreality observations. This process demonstrates that biases (precipitation and temperature) remain after the bias correction. In a second step, the uncorrected and bi...


The present paper studies the level of local financial autonomy in our country, in relation to the capacity of communities to face local public expenditures. Our analysis targets local own revenues and main components, discussing the impact that transfers and subsidies may have on the degree of local financial decentralization, as they are considered or not own revenues. According to the results of our research, Romania's present time reached only the stage of deconcentration, because of two reasons: poor local financial decision independence and reduced and unproportional economic development.


The electricity network system is a basic human need generally used for household, industrial and agricultural purposes. In this case we need a power breaker or switch breaker that can be controlled from a centralized control system, a control system that functions to control and provide feedback on the network. However, a centralized control system must be monitored at all times. Therefore here the author will design a device based iot switch breaker control, where the switch breaker can be monitored and controlled directly in real time from the android application. From this research we get the results that the device can be controlled with a maximum distance of 20 meters in outdoor or indoor conditions, the tool can be controlled with a greater distance with the addition of a router. From these results it was concluded that monitoring and controlling switch breakers can be helped by this tool which can be controlled directly from android with a considerable distance.


A power operated maize stalk harvester was designed and developed in the Dept. of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering, MPUAT, Udaipur, Rajasthan during 2018-19.  The objective of this study is to optimize the operational parameters of the maize stalk harvesting by using the RSM techniques. The effects of independent parameters i.e., blade speed (2000, 4000 and 6000 rpm) and stalk moisture content (38, 42 and 46%) on cutting efficiency (%) and fuel consumption (l/h) were studied. To correlate the independent parameters with the dependent parameters, the central composite rotatable design (CCRD) method with a quadratic model was used. The findings indicated that the variations in blade speed and stalk moisture content affected the cutting efficiency (%) and fuel consumption (l/h). To assess the statistical significance of the model, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed, which showed good agreement between the experimental data and data predicted by the model. The blade speed of 4000 rpm and stalk moisture content of 46.0% was found to be the optimum for power operated maize stalk harvester with the 96.52% cutting efficiency and 0.72 l/h fuel consumption.


&NA; A 50‐year‐old female who developed a psychotic depression 2 months after thyroidectomy was studied. The patient had moderate hypothyroidism, and when triiodothyronine was administered, her psychosis resolved. Upon cessation of thyroid replacement therapy, there was a marked exacerbation of psychiatric symptoms concurrent with an increase in thyroid I131 uptake and an elevated blood level of TSH. The fact that these changes occurred before myxedema or signs of delirium were present suggests the possibility of a more specific influence of thyroid hormone on neural processes associated with psychosis.


The dual system to Ly=y'+Py, E~ Aiy(t) + K(t)y(t) dt = 0 is found when the setting is L'(0, 1), 1 Aiy(ti) +? Ky ds] =. Since the range of 0 is R , it is the term in brackets which vanishes. Thus the domain of (L+)* satisfies the boundary condition and is in D. Therefore (L+)* c L, and the two are equal. THEOREM 3. L*=L+. PROOF. Since L+ is closed by Theorem 1, (L+)**=L+. But since (L+) * = L by Theorem 2, we find L* = (L+) * * = L+. REFERENCES 1. R. C. Brown, The existence of the adjoint in linear differential systents with dis- continuous boundary conditions, Ann. Mat. Pura Appi. (to appear). 2. R. N. Bryan, A linear differential system with general linear boundary conditions, J. Differential Equations 5 (1969), 38-48. MR 38 #1312. 3. S. Goldberg, Unbounded linear operators: Theory and applications, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1966. MR 34 #580. 4. G. B. Green and A. M. Krall, Linear differential systems with infinitely many boundary points, Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. 91 (1972), 53-67. 5. A. M. Krall, Differential-boundary operators, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 154 (1971), 429-458. MR 42 #6328. DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS, PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, UNIVERSITY PARK, PENNSYLVANIA 16802 Current address (R. C. Brown): Mathematics Research Center, University of Wis- consin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 This content downloaded from 184.108.40.206 on Fri, 10 Jun 2016 04:35:45 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms


This study explored the inter-ethnic relations and experiences of students at a higher education institution, using an exploratory case study approach. Purposive sampling was used to select students belonging to black South African ethnic groups. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from three participants; interpretative phenomenological analysis was used for analysis. The themes extracted were ethnic identity: identity confusion vs. certainty; personal experiences of inter-ethnic relations; and majority and minority ethnic groups' experiences. Identity salience was found to not particularly be integral to the cultivation of inter-ethnic relations. Moreover, participants' inter-ethnic experiences were varied; some were positive, and others, negative. Relations between majority and minority ethnic groups are seemingly supported by existing literature, as majority ethnic group members typically initiated negative interactions, more so than did minority ethnic groups. Future studies should interrogate inter-ethnic dynamics on a broader scale, and explore ethnic bullying and its impact on inter-ethnic relations.


Mercury vapour pressure at temperatures 7° to 25° C. The measuring appliance of the apparatus has been the phlegmatic liquid filled gauge of Backo vsk^- Slavik. The method and the procedure of measurement of mercury vapour pressure have been such that the results have been quite independent of the influence of certain inherent objectionable conditions, thereby rendering the measurement of mercury vapour pressure not only absolute but also precise. Thd attained precision, being high, enables one to test the validity of Knudsen's mercury vapour pressure measurements. A comparision of the present results with those obtained by streaming method as well as with those obtained by directly measuring with the absolute gauge has shown that the results by streaming method are more precise than those obtained by measurement with the absolute gauge. By the confirmation of the present results with those obtained by stream ing method, the Knudsen's law of molecular streaming has been verified.


Determination of the range of a variety of social choice correspondences: Plurality voting, the Borda rule, the Pareto rule, the Copeland correspondence, approval voting, and the top cycle correspondence


The inadequacy of reach-all health budgets in many developing countries has usually been a matter of political and social concern in several countries affected by budgetary constraints.In a bid to achieve some level of equity in health care, Ghana officially introduced National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS)in 2003.This study sought to investigate the attitude of health workers,its implications for the sustainability of the NHIS.The study shows that health personnel had limited experience with legal framework that established the scheme.It was also revealed that notwithstanding the increase in patronage of health services since the introduction of the NHIS,this has not been matched with require health infrastructure.Nonetheless,most health personnel are satisfied in responding to the needs of NHIS card bearers.The study also found that monetary reward as well as job satisfaction has influence on how a worker would react to a client.The attitude of health workers has either negative or positive implications for sustainability of the NHIS.Is therefore recommended the need to motivate health workers is key to the sustainability of the NHIS.


The article is aimed at studying the current status of information support for the formation of enterprise strategy, identifying problematic issues and substantiating the directions of its development. It is noted that the process of strategy formation today takes place in conditions when management is carried out through a flexible operational response to significant problems that arise quickly and have virtually no waiting and adaptation periods. This requires appropriate information support, the basis of which is an accounting information system. It is proved that the modern model of the accounting information system sufficiently met the needs of previous socio-economic formations. Thus, at one time, the emergence and spread of double-entry bookkeeping and accounting accounts made it possible to provide quite broad opportunities for reflecting economic processes at that time. This made it possible to provide information to users (including in the formation of the company's strategy). It was the availability of high-quality and timely information that allowed business entities to formulate and implement effective strategies. This has led to economic growth of both individual business entities and the economy as a whole. Throughout its existence, the accounting information system has, on the one hand, adapted to changes in socio-economic formations, and on the other hand, contributed to their development. At the present stage, the accounting information system requires fundamental and rapid transformations. This leads to the destruction of its self-regulation and necessitates its transformation to a qualitatively new level. The need to transform the accounting information system is due to the fact that today a number of important facts of the company's business life are not reflected in the accounting system, the range of accounting tasks is expanding and the development of management orientation of accounting is taking place, in particular in the formation of the company's strategy. The value of the information generated in the accounting system is measured by its ability to optimize the process of achieving the practical goals of users of accounting information. The prospect of further scientific research on the outlined problem is to substantiate the directions of development of information support for the formation of enterprise strategy in the context of Society 5.0.


Reviews the continued rise and cost implications of food‐borne disease. Discusses strategies for containing and reducing the problem. To date, in spite of considerable effort and attention, the legislative approach does not appear to be affecting the reported incidence of food poisoning. Hygiene education, especially of the consumer, has received far less attention. Advocates the use of hygiene education is based on health education theory.


The invention relates to a process for removing arsenic, if mercury is possible from the hydrocarbon feed, the process of the invention 1) step by distillation of the hydrocarbon feed to obtain at least one light ends and one or more heavy oils; 2), the one or more heavy a second step formed by passing the effluent obtained in the first step of the top chunk for capturing arsenic if possible as in Step 1, and mercury for processing the heavy oil with hydrogen and a catalyst treating the oil It includes.


With the rapid development of molecular cytogenetics,fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) technique has been widely used in clinical and research.FISH has the high sensitivity of fluorescence signal,non-radioactive,intuitive,and the accuracy of in situ hybridization,can be used in detecting the abnormal gene or chromosome change of genetic diseases,cancer research and clinical diagnosis and treatment monitoring.In this paper,the applications of fluorescence in situ hybridization technique in diagnosis and treatment of common urinary tract cancer are reviewed.


In this paper, a nonlinear model is established for the Kaplan turbine generator set (KTGS) with dual input governor and generator excitation to solve unsatisfactory regulation performance caused by the deviation from the combination curve during the transient process. According to the model characteristics, the constraint effect of the objective function in multi-objective feedback nonlinear control design is utilized to replace the associative relationship between the wicket gate and the blade. Then, a three-variable integrated nonlinear control strategy (TVINCS) is applied to the wicket gate, blade governor, and generator excitation. Simulation results demonstrate the precise tracking performance of hydraulic and electrical parameters controlled by TVINCS. The controller is designed to guarantee the turbine's output efficiency, and effectively coordinate the wicket gate and blade actions in the dynamic regulation process, providing a superior dynamic adjustment performance for the system under various disturbances.


For offshore wind turbines to become an economical energy generation option it is vital that the impact of the offshore environment on reliability is understood. This paper aims to model the impact of the wind speed and the external humidity and temperature. This is achieved using reliability data comprising of two modern, large scale wind farm sites consisting of approximately 380 wind turbine years of data. Weather data comes from a nearby weather station and an onsite met mast. A model is developed, using the reliability data, which calculates weather dependant failure rates and downtimes which are used to populate a Markov Chain. Monte Carlo simulation is then exercised to simulate the lifetime of a large scale wind farm which is subjected to controlled weather conditions. The model then calculates wind farm availability and component seasonal failure rates. Results show that offshore, the wind speed will have the biggest impact on component reliability, increasing the wind turbine failure rate by approximately 61%. The components affected most by this are the control system and the drive train. The higher offshore wind speeds appear to cause a higher proportion of major failures than experienced onshore. Research from this paper will be of interest to operators and wind turbine manufacturers who are interested in maintenance costs and logistics.


Abstract A significant part of the literature on the genesis of the Brazilian institutions devoted to the ethical regulation of scientific research involving human beings usually recalls international events, such as those that occurred during and after the II World War, as triggers of a global ethical conscience of which Brazil would have taken part. Based on review of literature, and a genealogical approach, this assay investigates how certain events that occurred in Brazil, such as the actions of social movements in face of clinical trials with Norplant in the 1980s and with antiretrovirals in the 1990s, are fundamental for understanding the different moments of institutionalization of research ethics in Brazil, and its political orientations. Based on the reconstruction of these episodes, it is argued that particular contents of public agendas on biomedical scientific practices were anchored in specific contexts of contestation led by social movements, whose political demands were described in notably ethical terms. The historical configuration of research ethics in Brazil gathers subjects, factors, and political struggles that provide it with a dynamic character. Understanding this context demands considering the actions of social movements aimed at the regulation of clinical trials.


volume to the other predictors improved the predictive accuracy of events (Figure 1A). The cumulative event rates were higher in patients with high EAT volume (>60 ml/m) compared with patients with low EAT volume (#60 ml/m) (Figure 1B). In linear regression, waist circumference (p 1⁄4 0.003) and sex (p 1⁄4 0.034) were the only 2 variables independently associated with EAT volume (r 1⁄4 0.18). As previously reported, we showed that symptoms were associated with the degree of myocardial remodeling (i.e., fibrosis and BNP release). In addition, the extent of myocardial fibrosis was related to the valvulo-arterial impedance, which is an estimate of global LV afterload. However, focal fibrosis and BNP level did not predict outcome of asymptomatic patients. The main novel finding of our study was that the outcome of asymptomatic patients was predicted by the severity of AS, the relative wall thickness, and the EAT volume. Hence, the 2 CMR parameters might have distinct, complementary clinical diagnostic significance. On the one hand, fibrosis may complement the clinical evaluation of symptomatic status. It is related to local, likely irreversible "replacement" fibrosis, which is driven by the degree of valve stenosis and the systemic arterial compliance (4), visceral adiposity (waist circumference), and metabolic profile (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol). On the other hand, evaluating EAT volume may allow better identification of patients with asymptomatic AS who are at higher risk of events during follow-up. Excess EAT could contribute to the inflammatory burden of AS by producing proatherogenic cytokines, which may promote valve calcification, and also to myocardial steatosis, which may lead to LV strain impairment (5). EAT could thus represent a new therapeutic target in asymptomatic patients with AS.


The uncovering the ruins of Wymondham Abbey having been proceeded in to the extent originally proposed by the parish authorities, I now beg to lay before you the results; and, should the notice contain matter of sufficient interest to warrant your laying it before the Society of Antiquaries, I shall feel much honoured by your doing so.


In the current research, for the first time, Nano-scale finger gate vacuum channel field emission transistor (FGVFET) scaling down and its limitations considering electrical characteristics are studied. The FGVFET with different cathode electrode materials, channel dimensions, and finger widths is considered and the impacts of these structural and physical changes on the key indicators of the device are assessed to achieve a comprehensive design guideline. The sensitivity analysis reveals that the channel height modification by changing gate-anode oxide and cathode–gate oxide thicknesses can be assumed as the most significant design factor in the determination of ON–OFF-state currents. The results indicate that the gate leakage current as a salient parameter in device performance is dependent on the cathode material, channel depth, and height. Furthermore, investigating cutoff frequency as the prominent factor in high-speed applications indicates that cathode–gate oxide thickness may fundamentally modify this factor.


Cold war between US and Soviet Union ended in 1989 but Cold War between Russia and USA is still there. US-Soviet Cold war was in fact an indirect clash of ideologies, while the New Cold War between US and Russia is an indirect clash of hegemony and influence. USA considers itself the master of the Globe after the end of First Cold War and Russia does not accept the superiority of USA and practise all those Activities, which are mainly punished by super powers. Without the consent of US, Russia is cooperating with rogue states, it makes alliances, and it attacks small countries like Georgia and Ukraine. USA is busy in all those states which were previously part of Soviet Union like Central Asian Countries. This paper states that Cold war has not ended but it has taken a pause and again it has been started between Russia and USA. Glaring examples in this regards are formation of BRICS, SCO, EEC and NATO expansionism in Afghanistan and Iraq and US USSR involvement in Middle East.


This article analyzes the nominative approximation strategies in the Italian language and provides an integrated semantic description of the approximate functions of the lexeme quasi and its synonyms. The article is divided into four sections. In the first section we introduce the term approximation, as it is a relatively poorly studied semantic category, although scientific interest in this regard is growing. In the second section we present a fundamental, but still little known, publication on approximation based on the study of the French language, being the first comprehensive study on this semantic category. In the third section we present the dictionary use of the word quasi. Finally, in the fourth section, we analyze and describe the morphological, semantic, pragmatic and syntactic properties of lexeme quasi and its synonyms, as well as their combinability and communicative characteristics in order to provide an analysis model for further studies on the semantic category of approximation. The semantic analysis of the approximative quasi and its synonyms demonstrate how the dictionary meaning of the approximatives is fundamental to identify and distinguish their various approximate characters.


Accelerated rates of soil erosion, following European settlement in Australia, pose a major threat to river ecosystems and water supply storages with agricultural catchments, such as Warragamba Dam (the main water supply dam for Sydney). Sediment yields from 1988 to 1999 have been determined by stream monitoring for 6 small grazing catchments located near Goulburn in southern New South Wales, in the outer Warragamba catchment. Average specific sediment yields were 0.07 t/ha.year from 3 small catchments of around 10 ha, where the drainage lines were not continuously gullied, and the drainage lines were undisturbed. Sediment yields from larger gullied catchments of 29, 52, and 510 ha were at least an order of magnitude higher than from the ungullied catchments at around 1 t/ha.year. Gullies continue to be the dominant source of sediment from these subcatchments despite indications that yields from gullies in the Southern Tablelands are much less than in the first few decades following settlement and are gradually declining as gullies move towards a stable vegetated state. Measured sediment yields from this study are comparable with yields for southern New South Wales determined using other methods, such as radionuclide and farm dam survey techniques. The impact of soil conservation works, such as sediment trapping and grade stabilisation works, on sediment yields can be mixed depending on the activity of the gully being treated and the mobility of the bed sediments. Turbidity levels from runoff events from the gullied catchments were an order of magnitude higher than from the ungullied catchments. For the Warragamba catchment turbidity levels are scale dependent; at the farm paddock scale turbidities are generally low where the land use is grazing, they increase dramatically at the subcatchment scale where active gullies dominate the drainage network, and then drop back again at the large river catchment scale. Turbidity is positively correlated with sediment concentration, so works that reduce sediment loads will also reduce the turbidity of water leaving the subcatchment. However, the link between high turbidity levels in small upland catchments and downstream water quality in large complex river basins is tenuous.


SO large was the crowd which in 1637 flocked to see William Prynne branded and mutilated at the instigation of Archbishop Laud that Sir Kenelm Digby complained that even the appearance of the king and queen would bring out fewer people.' According to Clarendon's History of the Rebellion, familiar to Hawthorne, when Prynne's exile was terminated by the Long Parliament in 1640o, in contrast to the earlier ignominious exit from London, Prynne and a fellowprisoner were "carried into the city by above ten thousand persons, with boughs and flowers in their hands; the common people strewing flowers and herbs in the ways as they passed, making great noise, and expressions of joy for their deliverance and return; and in those acclamations mingling loud and virulent exclamations against the bishops... ."2 After the prelate's fall from power, the Laud-Prynne feud continued its notoriety, culminating in the next decade with the exceptionally vengeful hand of Prynne in the prosecution of the impeached archbishop, and generating comment in English literature until long after its day. While the possibility of the association of Hester Prynne


ions, idealizations, and models; and understanding the role of these different concepts is extremely important to understanding the cognitive activity of economic theorizing, but there is much more to it than borrowing what philosophers of physics have said about these concepts and "applying" them to economics. Some of the many contributions to this growing and diverse literature include Balzer and Hamminga (1989), Hamminga and De Marchi (1994), Mäki (1992b, 1994, ...) and Morgan (1999, ...). 6. The current disarray within the philosophy of natural science has undermined the previous "shelf of scientific philosophy" view of economic methodology. The process of weaning economic methodologists from the shelf of scientific philosophy -the view that methodologists simply take ideas off the shelf of scientific philosophy (what "they" say good science is) -has been ongoing for many years, but it has accelerated as a result of the current malaise within the philosophy of natural science. The shelf no longer has anything on it, or at least it doesn't have anything on it that has proved to be very reliable in the area of application for which it was originally designed (natural science). Economic methodology is cut off, and as a consequence those writing in the field are forced to fend for themselves. Leaving the shelf behind certainly need not imply abandoning the ideas and argumentation of disciplinary philosophy, but it does mean giving up the shelf that seemed to be conveniently provided by midtwentieth century Received View philosophy of science (Hands 1994a). 7. The literature on the Rhetoric of Economics has continued to expand, both in terms of the number of rhetorical studies and also in terms of its overall breadth of focus. Rhetoric was also listed as the 7th thesis in my 1990 paper, but at that point the literature consisted almost exclusively of first generation work by Klamer, McCloskey, and those directly influenced by their work (Klamer, McCloskey, and Solow 1988; Nelson, Megill, and McCloskey 1987; Samuels 1990; McCloskey 1983, 1985; ...). In the intervening years that literature has continued to grow (McCloskey 1994, 1996, ... and others) and it has now been joined by a second generation of rhetorical literature that extends the original framework in a variety of different ways (for example many of the papers in Favretti, Sandri and Scazzieri 1999 and Garnett 1999). The literature on the rhetoric of economics has also influenced, and been influenced by, the recent literature on the rhetoric of the natural sciences (Gross and Keith 1997 and others).


Objective To evaluate the effects of titanium nitride(TiN) coating on surface microhardness and wear resistance of cast titanium.Methods TiN film was deposited on cast titanium using closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering(CFUBMS),after that microhardness and wear resistance of the cast titanium specimens were characterized by hardness testing and friction and wear test respectively.Results After TiN films were deposited on cast titanium,its microhardness increased significantly,wear volume and friction coefficient decreased significantly.Conclusion CFUBMS TiN coating can protect cast titanium from abrasion excessively.


This special report describes the systematic approach the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) undertook in creating an infrastructure for comparative effectiveness and patient‐centered outcomes research resources. We specifically highlight the administrative structure, communication and training opportunities, stakeholder engagement resources, and support services offered.


The magnetic excitations of CsCoCl3 (TN=21.3K) have been studied by inelastic neutron scattering. The experimental results confirm that CsCoCl3 behaves as one-dimensional, anisotropic antiferromagnet with fictitious spin S=1/2.


The process of the diffusive evaporation of solid aerosol particles is studied theoretically and the gasdynamic evaportion regime is described qualitatively. From the expressions obtained for the temperature and density fields of the vapor in the neighborhood of a particle, expressions are derived for the electronic line-emission intensities from substances.


This paper considers the adoption of computational techniques within research designs modeled after the extended case method. Echoing calls to augment the power of contemporary researchers through the adoption of computational text analysis methods, we offer a framework for thinking about how such techniques can be integrated into quasi-ethnographic workflows to address broad, structural sociological claims. We focus, in particular, on how this adoption of novel forms of evidence impacts corpus design and interpretation (which we tie to matters of casing), theoretical elaboration (which we associate to moving empirical claims across scales and empirical domains), and verification (which we see as a process of reflexive scaffolding of theoretical claims). We provide an example of the use of this framework through a study of the marketization of social scientific knowledge in the United Kingdom.


Describes research and laboratory bench testing of new adaptive radio receiver methods that use embedded expert systems to assess and respond in real time to exigent electromagnetic and mission environments. The work has demonstrated integrated use of knowledge-based systems with adaptive signal processing techniques to recognize adverse conditions in the communications channel and to make intelligent system adjustments which provide the best overall receiver performance under those conditions. The processing architecture combines heuristic procedures with conventional decision/estimation and control theory methods to produce adaptive receiver control strategies from available data. The testbed intelligent receiver implementation incorporates a general-purpose HF receiver with remote digital control capability; a computer which hosts an expert system, numerical algorithms, and knowledge bases; discrete and data bus interfaces between the receiver and expert processor; and automated RF scenario generation instrumentation.<<ETX>>


The objectives of this study were to observe the phenological cycles of Mvrica fava in Hawaii and to sample the stand structure of sites that have been invaded by this species. Observations on the phenology of g. fava were made at 2-week intervals from March 1983 through March 1985. Data were taken at three sites and were related to the data from nearby weather stations. Data collected included information on flowering, fruiting (mature and immature), leaf flushing, leaf fall, and fruit drop. Analysis of the phenologic patterns observed showed flowering, fruiting, and fruit drop to be endogenously controlled while leaf flushing and leaf fall were influenced by environmental variables. Radial growth of nine trees at two of the sites was monitored with a microdendrometer. Stand structure data were collected at two sites in 10 m wide belt transects. Basal diameters of all tree species were measured. One site showed g. fava to be well established and reproducing abundantly while the other site had relatively few individuals of g. fava in the two % smallest size classes.


A reversed phase ion-pair HPLC method has been developed for the determination of tetrodotoxin ( M) in rat plasma. Water was added to plasma sample before vortex. Then precipitator precipitatant ( acetonitrile -methanol containing 0.5% acetic acid = 3: 1) was added, vortex once more. After centrifuging, the supernatant was injected into the HPLC system. The separation was performed using an Agilent Zorbax SB C(18) column (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 mu m), with 10% ACN-90% 8 mmol/L heptanesulfonic acid sodium and 0.005% trifluoroacetic acid (pH was adjusted to 5.0) as mobile phase. The detection wavelength was 196 nm, flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the column was at room temperature. The detection limit of TTX standard was 0.1055 mg/L, the detection limit of TTX in rat plasma was 10.55 mg/L. The regression was linear over the TTX plasma concentration range of 21.1-211 mg/L, with r = 0.9989. The RSD of intra-day and inter-day was less than 3%. The method is rapid, accurate for the determination of TTX in plasma.


Innovation is a bastion of competitiveness of agricultural enterprises. A study of the scientific literature and the financial condition of agricultural enterprises revealed gaps in assessing their investment potential, which impedes the choice of areas of investment funds. Results can help solve innovative problems.


Method for producing a corner of the implant in the shallow trench isolation regions of the image sensor is an etching on the semiconductor substrate, and forming a photoresist layer on the first hard mask layer disposed above the stop layer. The photoresist mask is patterned to form an opening, a first portion of the hard mask layer exposed in the opening is the etch-stop layer is etched to. The first dopant is etched exposed - is injected to pass through the stop layer to the semiconductor substrate. The photoresist mask has a second hard mask layer on the remaining structure is removed, and that is formed is etched to form the sidewall spacers in accordance with the value on the side of the first hard mask layer. Etching the semiconductor substrate located between the stop layer and a sidewall spacer is etched to form a trench, and the second dopant is implanted in the side and bottom walls of the trench.


Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology ¦ Volume 25 ¦ Issue 5 ¦ September-October 2022 939 of the clear effect of the new frequency on axial symptoms. We know that the negative effect of the DBS STIM on axial symptoms generally occurs in the long term. Such that, there is evidence of increased gait asymmetry and discoordination of gait after STN–DBS in the chronic phase of the STIM particularly in the postural instability and gait disorder subtype.[8] Although the pathophysiology of the possible disturbance of gait after STN–DBS is unclear, it is rather explained in the setting of STIM‐induced network dysfunctions in essential tremor subjects with thalamic DBS.[9] Some authors have found evidence regarding the reversible nature of gait disturbance after DBS in patients with essential tremors and they hypothesized that this may be a maladaptive response to neurostimulation of the subthalamic area.[9] However, the possible contribution of the irreversible neuroanatomical and pathological changes in DBS‐related gait disturbance is unknown and remains to be elucidated. Therefore, the optimal DBS adjustments to provide the best outcome in the long term may also constitute another critical issue to be investigated.


The formation of highly stable inclusion complexes between the host cucurbit [7]uril (CB7) and the dicationic guests bis(diethylsulfonium)-p-xylylene (12+) and bis(tetrahydrothiophenium)-p-xylylene (22+) was demonstrated by mass spectrometric, NMR and UV−vis spectroscopic data. Although the inclusion complexes did not undergo Wessling polymerization, the monomers can be pre-polymerized to the polyelectrolyte stage and subsequently exposed to CB7 in aqueous solution. The CB7-treated polyelectrolyte developed conjugation more readily and at much lower temperatures than the untreated polyelectrolyte to yield poly(phenylenevinylene) (PPV). The formation of external complexes between CB7 and the cationic branches of the polyelectrolyte favored the cleavage of the branches. CB7 was also found to form a stable complex with diethyl sulfide (Et2S), the product of the elimination reaction that converts the polyelectrolyte to PPV. In contrast, the smaller analogue, the cucurbit [6]uril host (CB6) did not have any ef...


The research objective was to map the inequality between regions in 5 (five) Regional Coordination Areas (Bakorwil) of East Java Province. The research data uses secondary data obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics and related institutions in each region of the Regional Office in East Java Province. The analysis used in this study is the Klassen Typology using time series data for 2010-2016. The results of the analysis show that: a. based on Typology Klassen Bakorwil I from ten districts / cities there are eight districts / cities that are in relatively disadvantaged areas; b. based on the typology of Klassen Bakorwil II from eight districts / cities there are four districts / cities that are in relatively disadvantaged areas; c. based on the typology of Klassen Bakorwil III from nine districts / cities there are three districts / cities that are in relatively lagging regions; d. based on the Typology of Klassen Bakorwil IV from 4 districts / cities there are three districts / cities that are in relatively lagging regions; and e. based on the Typology of Klassen Bakorwil V from seven districts / cities there are five districts / cities that are in relatively disadvantaged areas.


Tinnitus is the perception of phantom sounds. There are sound therapy techniques which have the clinical effect of making the sufferers temporarily stop perceiving tinnitus. To account for mechanisms of tinnitus generation and the clinical effect of sound therapy from the viewpoint of neural engineering, this paper describes a neural network model with a plastic coupling on the human auditory system. Through numerical simulations we observed an oscillatory state and a nonoscillatory state in the model; it was also noticed that the value of the plastic coupling changes through external stimulus, and subsequently the oscillation is inhibited. By associating the oscillatory state with the state of tinnitus generation, it could be explained that the habituated human auditory system temporarily stops perceiving tinnitus after sound therapy. © 2007 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


This article examines the piecemeal, haphazard fashion that the mental health codes of most states address the needs and rights of children with mental health impairments. The article addresses the few constitutional rights that children have when seeking mental health care. It then provides a comparative survey of legislation to determine whether states provide minors more safeguards than the few required by the Constitution. The article suggests several strategies for reforming state mental health law to protect the distinct treatment needs and legal concerns of children.


Abstract : In this paper, the author addresses a support force structure issue the size of the DOD acquisition workforce. The last four National Defense Authorization Acts (NDAAs) have mandated cuts to this workforce. Zealots in Congress, mostly in the House National Security Committee, have targeted the acquisition workforce as low hanging fruit to fund modernization and readiness programs that have been neglected for years. Despite reductions the Services have already achieved, reduction advocates in Congress believe the acquisition workforce should be reduced commensurate with the operational forces draw down. In essence, they view this as a tooth-to-tail dilemma too much support compared to the war fighting capability.


Crystals of the title compound, C16H14N4O4, were obtained from a condensation reaction of benzylideneacetone and 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine. The molecule has a nearly planar structure with a dihedral angle of 7.57 (4)° between the dinitrophenyl and benzylidene mean planes. Within the dinitrophenyl moiety, the distances of 1.420 (2) and 1.411 (3) A for the C—C bonds near the imine group are longer than the average distance of 1.374 (3) A for the other C—C bonds in the same benzene ring. The short N—C distance of 1.338 (2) A indicates electron delocalization between the imine group and dinitrophenyl ring.


Many Islamic countries face problem of food deficit. Higher productivity of agriculture sector could be reached by using external financial resources. This paper exams the role of Islamic banking in agriculture sector. There are two mainly results of research. First, Islamic banking is providing tools of agriculture financing. Second, there is a need to educate farmers about services offered by Islamic banking for agriculture sector.


Humidity determination: The humidity of samples (%) was determined by the NP 784 1970 (data presented are averages from 4 measurements). DSC analysis: Equipment_ 823e Mettler Toledo equipped with a TSO800GC1 gas unit and a Intercooler Thermo HAAKE EK 45/ MT. Purge gas_ Nitrogen (20 ml min-1) Calibration_ Indium (m.p.156.6oC, H = 28.4J g-1) and deionised water (m.p.: 0 oC, H = 334.5 J g-1), as standard procedure. Pan_ aluminium sealed pan (ca. 40 l). An empty, sealed aluminium pan was used as the reference. Parameters definition_ Glass transition temperature: was taken as two different criteria, Tg` middle, the temperature at which the specific heat variation was half of the total value at the transition; Tg onset: the temperature of departure from the specific heat line of the glassy state before the transition; Crystallization heat (Hc): area of the peak during cooling run (1o peak); Melting heat (Hm): area of the peak during heating run (2o peak); Crystallization and melting temperature, Tc and Tm, the highest point in 1o and 2o peak, respectively. Duplicated samples were subjected to the following heating program related with the measurements needs: Differential Scanning Calorimetry as a tool for optimizing vegetables freezing and storage conditions


A hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical approach is used to elucidate structural and energetic features of amide hydrolysis by the enzyme papain. The role of the enzyme in stabilizing the thiolate−imidazolium ion pair is examined and the potential energy pathway for the subsequent attack of the cysteine anion and proton transfer from the imidazolium cation is determined. The reaction is found to be concerted rather than stepwise, and the transition state for the reaction is located. The effect of residue mutations both on the ion pair stability and on the barrier to amide hydrolysis is explored and found to be in agreement with experiment. In this work both high-level electronic structure and semiempirical MO methods are used, with location and characterization of stationary structures. Rearrangement of the enzyme in response to the changing electronic structure of the active site is also considered.


I N T R O D U C T I O N Stabilised ~ bismuth oxide based systems form a new generation of compounds capable of improved performance in oxygen pump and oxygen sensor applications compared to the conventional stabilised zirconia based materials. The high temperature isomorph of bismuth oxide, the ~ phase, is an excellent oxygen ion conductor (I). This phase can be stabilised to room temperature by the presence of several rare earth cations (2-7). Of the various solid solutions studied, erbium oxide stabilised bismuth oxide has the highest reported ionic conductivity (6,8). The solid solutions between bismuth oxide and erbium oxide are author for correspondance. On leave from Indian Petrochemical Corporation Ltd, Baroda, India.


Adolescent`s attitude will affect the way they behave. Adolescent`s attitude toward free sex is the degree to which the adolescent accept or refuse the various forms of sexual behavior carried out by a couple who are not bound in the bonds of marriage. Authoritative parenting and self-control is a factor that are factors that may have influenced the adolescent`s attitude towards free sex. This study aimed to describe: (1) the level of applied authoritative parenting, (2) the level of adolescent`s self-control, and (3) the level of adolescent`s attitude towards free sex. This study used quantitative approach by using descriptive method. The population of this research were 303 students at SMAN 1 Stabat growing with authoritative parenting. By using proportional stratified random sampling technique, 172 students were chosen as the samples. The instrument of the research was a scale. The purpose of the research was analyzed by using hypothetic mean. The results of the research revealed that: (1) the authoritative parenting applied by parents was in fairly adequate category, (2) the adolescent`s self-control was in adequate category, (3) the adolescent`s attitude towards free sex was in reasonably refused category.


Background Primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) is a chronic autoinmune disorder characterised by generalised dryness. In a variable percentage of cases (up to 50%) patients can present extraglandular disease, which frequently determines the prognosis. Objectives To determine the frequency of both glandular and extraglandular disease in patients with SSp seen in a tertiary hospital in Madrid and to compare them with the frequency observed in the large cohorts (SER and EULAR). Methods A descriptive, observational cross-sectional study was conducted. We included patients with diagnosis of pSS according to the ACR/EULAR Classification criteria (2016) attended in our Rheumatology Unit from 2012 to 2017. A database was created, including clinical and epidemiological data and a descriptive analysis was carried out comparing the results with those obtained in the Sjögren-SER proyect and EULAR group. Results 106 patients with pSS were included. 92.5% were female (98), with a mean age at diagnosis of 45 years (range: 32–58). Frequency of exocrine gland disease is shown in table 1. Dry eye was the most frequent symptom (91%), with nearly half of them presenting ocular complications. 69.8% complained of dry mouth and 18.9% associated complications such as dysphagia and oral candidiasis. 16 patients (15%) suffered from recurrent parotiditis and 13 (12.3%) from salivary gland enlargement. Glandular disease also included xerosis (25%), dyspareunia (11.3%), upper respiratory tract dryness (12.3%) and atrophic chronic gastritis (14%). Frequency of extraglandular disease is shown in table 2. Chronic fatigue was the most frequent symptom, similar to the observed in both cohorts (50.9%), followed by arthralgia which was less frequent than in the Spanish cohort (40.6% vs 34.5%). 35 patients suffered from inflammatory arthritis and 3 cases associated fibromyalgia, less than the expected (2.8% vs 14.6% and 22%–33%). Sixteen patients suffered from interstitial lung disease, this being higher than the observed in both cohorts (15.1% vs 6.64% and 5%). Fewer patients suffered from depression compared with the EULAR group (24.5% vs 40%). Both peripheral neuropathy and renal disease were diagnosed in a percentage of patients similar to the expected (11.3% vs 8.92% y 1.88% vs 1.83% respectively). 7 patients had autoimmune thyroid disease. Finally, 5 patients (4.7%) developed lymphoma, 3 of them being MALT lymphoma of the parotid gland which is higher than the observed in the Spanish cohort but it is within the EULAR range. The frequency of Raynaud's phenomenon, cutaneous vasculitis, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly and pericarditis were similar to those observed both in the Spanish national group and EULAR cohort.Abstract AB0562 – Table 1 Exocrine Gland DiseaseAbstract AB0562 – Table 2 Extraglandular Disease Conclusions Extraglandular disease in SS, although less frequent than sicca symptoms, have a special relevance when it comes to patient management. In our study the frequency of both glandular and extraglandular disease was similar to the observed in Sjögren-SER and EULAR groups although there were some differences. Fibromyalgia was less frequent in our group, whereas interstitial lung disease and peripheral neuropathy were more prevalent. Disclosure of Interest None declared


Footwear provides the primary surface of interaction with the environment during locomotion with foot. In order to minimize foot disorders, many manufacturers try to improve the material and structural design of footwear according to the biomechanics associated with foot and footwear. In this study, a preliminary 3D finite element foot-rocker sole model was established from actual CT scan information of three rocker sole molds and a male subject, for accurate implementation of the foot-sole-ground interaction in the mid-stance event. Results indicate that the high stress occurs on the heel and first metatarsal head for the foot part and the transformations of high stress can effectively disperse the pressure from rearfoot and forefoot to arch region of the foot for the sole part.


We demonstrate explicitly that some recent calculations of atomic electric dipole moments (EDM) are incomplete. A contribution overlooked therein is pointed out. When included, it cancels exactly the result of those calculations, and thus restores the standard conclusions for nuclear EDM in atoms. The existence of EDMs of elementary particles, nuclei, and atoms is forbidden by CP invariance. The predictions of the standard model of electroweak interactions for these EDMs are at least six orders of magnitude below the present experimental bounds. It makes experimental searches for EDMs, even at present level of accuracy, extremely sensitive to possible new physics beyond the standard model.


Objective: to determine the dose and frequency of application of octreotide LAR to treat acromegaly by monitoring the levels of circulating growth hormone (G...


Abstract The hypotheses that test anxiety is associated with a deficit in prior knowledge and/or working memory capacity, that anxiety impairs comprehension efficiency, and that deficits in knowledge and capacity underlie the efficiency impairment, were tested. In Study 1, high-anxiety students were characterized by lower scores in several vocabulary measures, compared with low-anxiety students. In Study 2, high-anxiety individuals showed inferior working memory capacity to low-anxiety individuals under evaluative stress conditions, but not under non-stress conditions. In Study 3 high-anxiety subjects exhibited lower efficiency scores than low-anxiety subjects in expository texts without a summary: The former employed a greater amount of reading time than the latter to acquire an equivalent amount of information. In addition, the disadvantage in efficiency associated with anxiety was removed when differences in vocabulary knowledge were partialled out statistically. Instead, that disadvantage was only red...


The present study was undertaken to investigate the heavy metal decontaminating activity of Salvinia molesta from municipal waste water. The waste water was treated with the plant specimen for five and ten days consecutively after which it was analyzed for the estimation of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The waste water was also analyzed before the treatment. The results of the investigation showed that the non-treated samples indicated higher content of Fe followed by Zn in sample Nitta gelatin (NG). It was found that Cu and Ni were present in similar quantities in all samples. A favorable decrease was seen in Zn in all samples and Fe in sample NG after five days of treatment. The concentration of Cu and Fe were found to be below the detection limit in samples collected from Chalakudy (CH), Ernakulam (ER) and Kokkala (KK) after ten days of treatment. Ni was found to be below the detection limit in samples ER and KK. Zn was found to be at a reduced level in samples CH, ER, KK and NG. Cd and Pb were found to be below the detection limit (0.01 and 0.05 ppm) in all four samples before treatment, after five and ten days of treatment. The present findings revealed that S. molesta was efficient in reducing the heavy metal concentration in the waste water, suggesting being a bioaccumulator of these metals.


We propose a systematic modelling of the nonholonomic mobile manipulators built from a robotic arm mounted on a wheeled mobile platform. It extends the fundamental notions of nonholonomy, mobility and maneuverability to the case of these hybrid holonomic/nonholonomic systems. It offers unambiguous definitions and models to the designer of kinematic control laws.


A general technique for synthesis of concurrent multi-band matching networks is proposed. The proposed design technique can be adapted to any matching strategy (noise match or conjugate match using L-match, П-match or any other topology), for multiple frequencies. Detailed design procedures are outlined for dual-band and quad-band matching networks with the help of design examples. A prototype circuit board for a quad-band matching network has been realized with discrete components and laboratory measurement results are presented.


Reproduction of newly established populations of the warm-water Atlantic Mediterranean wrasse Thalassoma pavo is here reported for the first time in the Ligurian Sea, and mating behaviour is described in detail. The reproductive season (May to October) may be divided in three stages: (1) pre-mating (mid-May to the end of June), during which terminal-phase (TP) males establish territories and start courting females; (2) mating (end of June to the end of August), with a mean frequency of up to one spawning event ind−1 h−1; and (3) post-mating (September to mid-October), when TP males remained inside territories but no spawning events were recorded. Mating followed two distinct modalities: pair spawning and group spawning, the latter replacing the former when population density exceeded 10 ind 100 m−2. Four phases have been distinguished in both modalities: (1) approach (pair) or gathering (group), to establish the contact between potential partners; (2) acceptance (pair) or priming (group), in which partners establish a common behavioural pattern; (3) ascent to near the sea surface; and (4) spawning. The saddled sea-bream Oblada melanura has been seen to predate intensively on the large cloud of sexual products released by groups.


A DC-DC Boost converter for the purpose of biomedical microsystem applications is presented. The input voltage is provided by an array of six photovoltaics cells integrated on silicon and permitting a supply voltage of 3.5V To control the output voltage we have used a One-Cycle Control technique which is applied for the first time on Boost converter. The use of this technique is supported by its inherent benefits in terms of sturdiness, automatic correction of switch errors and, especially, rejection of line perturbation which, in our case, is due to the power changes at the photovoltaic cells output. The converter presents a simulated conversion efficiency of 78.4 percent which can be enhanced by decreasing the output voltage. Control of the power DMOS is carried out at 500kHz, the different stages of the feedback control being achieved in full-custom with a 1.2 f11YI P-well CMOS process over a total surface area ofO.3mm2 and supplied by a pump charge circuit integrated into the same chip and providing an output voltage of 5V with a current of 1 mAo A behavioural simulation of the control loop was first achieved with the ELDO simulator prior to the electrical simulation. The theoretical analysis together with the electrical implementation of the one cycle control technique are described.


The invention relates to a method for actuating peripheral devices (24, 25) via a clock-synchronously operating bus system (29), wherein within an interpolation clock target values are transmitted to the peripheral devices (24, 25), actual values are returned from said peripheral devices (24, 25), and at a defined time within the interpolation clock at least one enable signal applicable to all peripheral devices (24) that are directly connected to the clock-synchronously operating bus system (29) is transmitted via the clock-synchronously operating bus system (29), whereby the target values of all peripheral devices (24) directly connected to the clock-synchronously operating bus system (29) are enabled at the same time, or substantially at the same time, and wherein at a defined time within the interpolation clock an enable signal is transmitted by a bus converter (23, 30) to at least one third-party peripheral device (25), which is not compatible with the clock-synchronously operating bus system (29) and is connected thereto by means of the bus converter (23, 30), and either the transmission of said enable signal by the bus converter (23, 30), or by a bus master (20) of the clock-synchronously operating bus system (29), is delayed by a latency, or the enabling of the target values to the peripheral devices (24) or third-party peripheral device (25) is delayed by a latency after receipt of the enable signal, whereby the target values of the at least one third-party peripheral device (25) are enabled at the same time, or substantially at the same time, as the peripheral devices (24) connected directly to the clock-synchronously operating bus system (29).


This paper describes the principal methods employed in evaluating the observations from the large (36 foot diameter) tunnel test section at Garrison Dam and the major results therefrom–including load on the temporary support ribs, magnitude and distribution of load on the permanent concrete lining, and a better understanding of the inherent safety of a circular lining provided by ring action. Some new analytical methods are presented and their possible application is discussed.


Water repellent agents such as silanes have been shown to give a good protection against moisture and chlorides and thereby prolonging the service life for the construction. However, a requirement ...


We have been asked by the Editor to respond to comments on our paper, "Clarifying Meaning Through Classroom Talk" (1983), made by three thoughtful and distinguished colleagues in education studies, Messrs. Heap, Munby, and Olson. This offer we enthusiastically accept as it allows us the opportunity to explore, however briefly, some important ontological, epistemological, and conceptual questions which both the content and genre of our work entails. As we see it there are three essential issues raised which might be usefully discussed. Each of these issues arises from the method and interpretation of data which we have presented in our article. Our version of these issues is as follows:


Recession of the galaxies indicates a repulsive force and suggests that Newton's formulation of gravitation is not complete. A possible modification is proposed, and this Neo-Newtonian equation allows a quantitative treatment of Mach's principle. It also limits the velocity of matter to c and gives a correct prediction for the perihelion of Mercury.


The article overviews the results of the studies of the genetic foundations of predisposition to the bronchial asthma. The authors provide detailed information on the molecular and genetic mechanisms of the bronchial asthma, roles performed by the polymorphisms of the interleukin genes and their receptors, IgE receptors, adrenergic receptors, CYS-LT enzymes in the pathogenesis of this disease, as well as their impact on the effectiveness of the drug therapy. Key words: bronchial asthma, genetic predisposition, pharmacogenetics.