Abstract: Several cases of human herpes simplex encephalitis treated with Vidarabin have been investigated with the histological and immunocytochemical techniques. Cases with a subacute evolution revealed areas of focal perivascular myelin destruction in the white matter. The distribution of herpes simplex antigen did not show any preferential localization of the virus in perivascular oligoglia! cells. In contrast, a spatial and temporal relationship has been found between the appearance of immunoglobulin‐bearing cells around the vessels and that of areas of focal perivascular myelin damage. Therefore, it is postulated that the areas of focal destruction of myelin are not related to the cytotoxic effect of the virus but are rather dependent on the immune response of the host.


Destructive earthquake (MJ 6.8) occurred on October 23, 2004 in the Niigata-ken Chuetsu area. Many active foldings are found in this area, and it is known that the subsurface structure is complex. In case we simulate the earthquake ground motions during the main shock in such a complex area, we need detailed information with respect to the subsurface structure. This kind of information, however, is not provided enough currently. Therefore, we carried out the gravity survey around Chuetsu area and estimate a 3-D shape of the upper boundary for the gravity basement. Through the comparison of the proposed model of the gravity basement and the results from some previous researches, we can conclude that the proposed model is improved by the newly observed gravity data. Furthermore, to discuss the validity of the proposed model, we perform two simple numerical simulations of the earthquake ground motions: one is based on the proposed basement model and the other, based on a model estimated using existent gravity data without our contribution. As a result, the proposed model can provide better explanation of the earthquake ground motions than the model from the existent gravity data.


To analyse the spatial distribution of the incidence of leprosy and identify areas at risk for occurrences of hyper‐endemic disease in Northeastern Brazil.


I explore whether abnormal accounting policy disclosure length is associated with heterogeneous beliefs. Using the residuals from a model explaining accounting policy disclosure length, results show firms with high abnormal accounting policy disclosures have higher stock return volatility and trading around earnings announcements. Results also indicate that firms with longer accounting policy disclosures are associated with more dispersed analysts' earnings forecasts and have higher absolute forecast error. Finally, abnormal accounting policy disclosure length is associated with lower precision of public information, but not the precision of private information. These results suggest that accounting disclosures, in addition to economic factors, contribute to heterogeneous beliefs.


Development of the active coordinate and gravitational base is offered. Its physical carrier is the geodetic network of active base stations, taking continuous GLONASS/GPS-measurements on some limited area of the Earth's surface. Besides the physical carrier the coordinate and gravitational base comprises parameters of the Earth's external gravitational field simulation and the catalog of the base stations coordinates. Such an active coordinate and gravitational base will make it possible to use one satellite receiver for determining (in real time and wide accuracy range) not only the coordinates of the ground-based consumers, but also different transforms of the terrestrial gravitational field (normal heights, astronomic longitudes, altitudes, bearings, gravitational acceleration) without traditional geodetic instruments (levels, range finders, tacheometers, astronomic and gyroscopic theodolites and gravimeters).


Background: Castor is a dicotyledon, ricinus communis, Euphorbiaceae, and is one of world ten oil crops. Lm female line castor has three in�orescence types(female with marker, haplometrotic and monoecious). Female with marker castor was realized as a restorer line and as a maintainer line,which was applied to castor hybrid breeding. The developmental mechanism of the three in�orescences is not clear. Results: Therefor, in this study , proteomic and metabolomic analyses of different in�orescences axis were performed. Seventy-three diferentially abundant protein species (DAPS) were detected in the proteomics analysis and 86 differentially abundant metabolites (DAMs) were identi�ed from the proteomic and metabolomic analyses of the in�orescences axis, respectively. These DAPS and DAMs are primarily mainly involved in carbon metabolism, comprising carbon �xation in the photosynthetic organism pathway, the glycolysis pathway, carbon metabolic pathways, and the biosynthesis of amino acids. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) results demonstrated that the proteomics and metabolomic data collected in this study were reliable. Conclusions: The results of this study provides some valuable insights into the in�orescence development of castor: Speci�cally, the results showed that DAPS and DAMs are involved in photosynthesis and respiration to control the distribution of imported carbohydrates and exported photoassimilates and thus affect in�orescence development of castor. Furthermore, the dynamic balance of amino acids in different types of in�orescences was also shown to be essential in affecting in�orescence structure.


Objective To study the protection effect of danhong injection on rat cortical neurons during apoptotic induction of simulated ischemia/reperfusion in vitro. Methods Rat cortical neurons were cultured in vitro and identified by NSE-immunohistological staining and immunofluorescence staining.Neuronal ischemia/reperfusion models in vitro were established as followings: cultures were rinsed twice with PBS,then subjected to ischemia for 6 h in Earle's without glucose by placing culture wells into an anaerobic chamber with an atmosphere of 0.05 CO2,0.95 N2 at 37 ℃,reperfusion was performed by removing neuronal culture wells from the anaerobic chamber and adding normal medium to an incubator with an atmosphere of 0.05 CO2、 0.95 air at 37 ℃.Percentage of apoptotic cells and expression levels of active Caspase-3,-9,-8 were determined by flow cytometric analysis.Protein levels of GRP78,Bcl-2,Cyt C and active Caspase-12 were assessed by immunoblotting. Results The apoptosis rate induced after reperfusion 24 h and 48 h was(17.95±1.03)% and(22.62±0.98)% respectively and was decreased to(9.74±0.56)% and(3.93±0.23)% after treated by danhong injection(8 mL/L) respectively(χ2=7.164,10.650;P0.05).Protein levels of GRP78 and Caspase-12 in cortical neurons in response to ischemia 6 h and reperfusion 24 h or 48 h were elevated.Activated Caspase-3,-9,-8 was detected at 24 h and 48 h after reperfusion and was reduced by danhong injection,and danhong injection increased the expression of bcl-2 caused by ischemia/reperfusion but the released of cytochromec was inverse(t=8.374-25.235;P0.05,0.01). Conclusion ER stress is involved in neuronal apoptosis induced by analogous ischemia/reperfusion in vitro.Danhong injection can inhibit apoptosis caused by analogous ischemia/reperfusion(IS/RE) in vitro in rat cortical neurons.


The intention of this paper was to review and discuss the some of the quantitative analytical methods used in forensic science for the analysis of trace evidences collected from the various scene incidents. The forensic scientists were depend upon the instrumental analysis of trace amounts of materials like drugs, toxicological specimens, fibers, glass, GSR, soil, etc. Differences in manufacture of chemical composition are observed and that allows considerable discrimination even with very small traces of fragments. Most on GSR, GSR analysis sometimes becomes very important to right direction of inquiry, from where the GSR is obtained and from which surfaces the GSR has produced, played an important aspect of investigations. Reviews on these techniques, which are used more extensively in forensic sciences, were reported through this paper. Based on the analytical problem facing forensic scientists, our study will summarize and use these techniques to tackle them such as chromatography, Raman spectroscopy, Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) techniques.


Discussions on the phenomenon of humanity and humanity cannot avoid the implementation of education, both formal education, non-formal education, and informal education. The most common definition of knowledge is humanity's process towards the birth of human beings with human values (Sudarwan Danim, 2010: 4). From the standpoint of sociology, education, to prepare humans to enter the future, also has a relationship with social transformation, and vice versa. Various patterns of the education system describe the existing models, traditions, social culture of the community. So what is essential that an education system built to carry out "community mandate," namely to channel its members to specific positions. But now the current of globalization which has penetrated all aspects of life is inevitable. PAI Teacher's Readiness in Facing Global Issues in The Globalization Era


Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a malignant glial tumor that is nearly uniformly fatal despite use of current surgical, radio‐ and chemotherapeutic modalities. GBM infiltrate into the surrounding brain, making them highly resistant to treatment. To design improved therapeutics for GBM, we need to understand the factors that drive tumor cell invasion. Using a robust model for glioma we are studying how alterations in the tumor microenvironment influence tumor cell invasion. During tumor development we have identified specific patterns of glioma cell invasion using both immunohistochemistry and ex vivo brain/glioma slice cultures. We monitored the dynamic interaction between fluorescently tagged tumor cells and components of the microenvironment (blood vessels and microglia/macrophages), at various stages of tumor development using four‐color spinning disk confocal microscopy. We determined that tumor cells can invade along blood vessels, and we are examining the role of microglia/macrophages in this mode of invasion. This mechanism of infiltration emphasizes the importance of the perivascular niche, as it may provide crucial factors for brain tumor progenitor cells. By understanding the factors that influence the interaction of tumor cells and blood vessels we hope to elucidate potential new targets for tumor therapy.


In this study, the recrystallization volume fraction of the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc alloy after solid solution heat treatment varied with different temperatures (445℃-465℃). The highest elongation of the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc alloy was obtained at 465 ℃. Further, the hardness and strength of the solid solution heat treated Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc alloy increased at room temperature due to G.P zone precipitates. The results confirmed that we can obtain advanced mechanical properties for the Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Sc alloy from solid solution heat treatment and natural aging.


Significance Protein S-nitrosation (SNO-protein) is a posttranslational modification in which a cysteine (Cys) residue is modified by nitric oxide (SNO-Cys). SNO-proteins impact many biological systems, but their identification has been technically challenging. We developed a chemical proteomic strategy—SNOTRAP (SNO trapping by triaryl phosphine)—that allows improved identification of SNO-proteins by mass spectrometry. We found that S-nitrosation is elevated during early stages of neurodegeneration, preceding cognitive decline. We identified changes in the SNO-proteome during early neurodegeneration that are potentially relevant for synapse function, metabolism, and Alzheimer's disease pathology. SNO-proteome analysis further reveals a potential linear motif for SNO-Cys sites that are altered during neurodegeneration. Our strategy can be applied to multiple cellular and disease contexts and can reveal signaling networks that aid drug development. Protein S-nitrosation (SNO-protein), the nitric oxide-mediated posttranslational modification of cysteine thiols, is an important regulatory mechanism of protein function in both physiological and pathological pathways. A key first step toward elucidating the mechanism by which S-nitrosation modulates a protein's function is identification of the targeted cysteine residues. Here, we present a strategy for the simultaneous identification of SNO-cysteine sites and their cognate proteins to profile the brain of the CK-p25–inducible mouse model of Alzheimer's disease-like neurodegeneration. The approach—SNOTRAP (SNO trapping by triaryl phosphine)—is a direct tagging strategy that uses phosphine-based chemical probes, allowing enrichment of SNO-peptides and their identification by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. SNOTRAP identified 313 endogenous SNO-sites in 251 proteins in the mouse brain, of which 135 SNO-proteins were detected only during neurodegeneration. S-nitrosation in the brain shows regional differences and becomes elevated during early stages of neurodegeneration in the CK-p25 mouse. The SNO-proteome during early neurodegeneration identified increased S-nitrosation of proteins important for synapse function, metabolism, and Alzheimer's disease pathology. In the latter case, proteins related to amyloid precursor protein processing and secretion are S-nitrosated, correlating with increased amyloid formation. Sequence analysis of SNO-cysteine sites identified potential linear motifs that are altered under pathological conditions. Collectively, SNOTRAP is a direct tagging tool for global elucidation of the SNO-proteome, providing functional insights of endogenous SNO proteins in the brain and its dysregulation during neurodegeneration.


University's Physics experiment is a basic subject in science university. In the condition of joining WTO, we should understand our defects and take steps. At first, the text explain Physics experiment's basic function in science university; secondly, the text analyse the defects in physics experiment teaching; finally, we put forward some measures, that is to update ideas?cultivate students' capacity of innovation, and so on.


Taking multi-linkage truss as research object,the design cycle of truss is introduced by applying virtual prototyping technology. By using the respective superiority of MATLAB-Pro/e-ADAMSANSYS software,Realizing the dynamics analysis of the established truss's prototype model. The virtual simulation results verify the feasibility of the design cycle,and give further design consideration about optimization design of the multi-linkage truss.


The production center of Banshu hand-made somen (Japanese vermicelli) is in the suburbs of Tatsuno City in Hyogo Prefecture. The industry developed here because of a combination of excellent raw materials and suitable weather conditions.In its origin, this industry was imported by immigrant workers from Settsu Districts during Bunsei Era (1818-1829). After the Meiji Restoration (1868), protected by the government as native industry, it rapidly developed, and at its peak before W. W. II, its annual output was 1, 000, 000 boxes. After the war owing to a scarcity of materials, production greatly decreased. Recently, as control of wheat was abolished, its production rapidly increased, and this year, its output is estimated to be 200, 000 boxes. The basis of the vermicelli industry is the milling industry. Of late, water-milling is being replaced by electric milling. Thus the personality and technical skill peculiar to water-milling is rapidly disappearing. Nevertheless, the so-called feudalistic character of labour in the milling industry still remains. The vermicelli industry of this district is not organized along modern lines. It is domestic industry performed by the farmers as a supplementary means of employments. Its peculiar characteristics can be understood, if we examine the capital structure, the size of the plants, the number of employees and daily output per a plant (i. e. per a family). For example, the average daily output of the vermicelli makers who borrow materials from the water-milling capitalists is only 1.9 boxes. The number of employees averages 2.9, as the average daily output per a worker is 160 bundles of vermicelli. Production of this small scale in the Banshu District accounts for 60% of the production in all Japan. The total number of makers in this district is about 500.What is most interesting to us is the labour structure within the vermicelli industry. It is more feudalistic than that of the water-milling industry. Cheap wages, heavy labour, and apprentice-system-these features which are far remote from the modern labour practices still remain in this industry. Consequently, after the war, young people have become unwilling to enter this industry, and take employment in the heavy industrial district near Himeji instead. Therefore, the vermicelli industry is finding it difficult to recruit apprentices who will maintain this industry.The vermicelli manufactured in this district is called "hand-made vermicelli of Banshu", because its production process almost wholly consist of the work of kneading and stretching the wheat powder by hand. This process begins in the early morning and continues until mid-night, sometimes even until the next morning, and the whole process of manufacturing from raw material to the finished product takes 1.5 days.With the development of machine-made production of vermicelli after the war, the hand-made vermicelli industry of Banshu District is in an acute state of crisis.


The water quality of Sriperumpudur in Kancheepuram was studied to examine the suitability of ground water for domestic, agricultural and industrial purposes etc, The study area was situated between latitude of 12°58'00" and longitude of 79°47'30" of kanchipuram district. Six groundwater samples from tanks, Wells, Bore wells were randomly collected each during the post monsoon period of the month of January 2013 to May 2013.The samples were analyzed according to APHA (1995) and BIS (1991) standards. Physico-chemical parameters were analyzed and the results showed the samples were highly alkaline and that the water samples were not fit for drinking and domestic purposes in many places. The characteristic and availability of water has been greatly affected due to rapid industrialization, heavy road transportation, over - population, indiscriminate usage and disposal of water. It is concluded that the parameters shows drastic variations because of seasonal changes also. The variations in the parameters in the post monsoon were discussed.


In this experiment a toal of 83 adult cod were exposed, 53 specimen were exposed at 60 V and 30 specimen twice above the maximum commercially applied amplitude (120 V). In 5 cases vertebral injuries occurred of which 4 at 120 V and a single one at 60 V. When the type of stimulus is taken in account this single injury at 60 V amplitude represents an injury rate of 4.5 % of 22 exposed fish and 13% at 120 V (4 oout 30 specimen). Despite the same electrical parameters were set, none of the 21 fish exposed to the ILVO pulse generator was injured. All injuries occurred using the Delmeco TX68 pulse shape.


Objective:To evaluate the efficiency and clinical value of modular flexible ureteroscope combined with holmium laser lithotfipsy for treatment of renal calculi.Methods:A total of 37 patients with renal calculi were treated with modular flexible ureteroscope combined with Ho∶YAG lithotfipsy in our hospital from December 2011 to November 2012.Male 19 cases,Female 18 cases.Age 35 to 65 years old,Average 50 years old.There were 22 cases in renal pelvic,12 cases in middle and upper calyx,3 cases in lower calyx.The calculi diameter ranged from 16 mm to 22 mm(average in 19 mm).F5 or F6 double-J tubes and catheters were indwelled routinely postoperatively examine with KUB and remove the catheter 2 days after operation to evaluate the operative time,blood loss,and complications.Reexamine with B-uhrasonography or KUB 4 weeks after operation to evaluate the stone free rate.Results:The successful rate of stone fragmentation after single session was 89.1%(33/37).Mean operation duration was 113 rain(45-160 rain).Mean duration of post operation in hospital was 3 days(2-5 days).Stone free time was 3-6 weeks,with a mean of 4 weeks.No ureteral perforations or pyonephrosis occurred.Conclusions:Modular flexible ureteroscope combined with holmium laser lithotripsy is effective and safe for treatment ofrenal calculi,meanwhile it can decrease the high maintenance costs of integrated flexible ureteroscope.


This study demonstrates the effectiveness of XLNet, a transformer-based language model, for annotating argumentative elements in persuasive essays. XLNet's architecture incorporates a recurrent mechanism that allows it to model long-term dependencies in lengthy texts. Fine-tuned XLNet models were applied to three datasets annotated with different schemes - a proprietary dataset using the Annotations for Revisions and Reflections on Writing (ARROW) scheme, the PERSUADE corpus, and the Argument Annotated Essays (AAE) dataset. The XLNet models achieved strong performance across all datasets, even surpassing human agreement levels in some cases. This shows XLNet capably handles diverse annotation schemes and lengthy essays. Comparisons between the model outputs on different datasets also revealed insights into the relationships between the annotation tags. Overall, XLNet's strong performance on modeling argumentative structures across diverse datasets highlights its suitability for providing automated feedback on essay organization.


Background It is a priority for public health professionals to improve global breastfeeding rates, which have remained low in Western countries for more than a decade. Few researchers have addressed how maternal perceptions of birth experiences affect infant feeding methods. Furthermore, mixed results have been shown in research regarding breastfeeding and mother-child bonding, and many studies are limited by small sample sizes, representing a need for further investigation. Purpose We aimed to examine the relationship between subjective birth experiences and breastfeeding outcomes, and explored whether breastfeeding affected mother-infant bonding. Methods 3,080 mothers up to three years postpartum completed a cross – sectional survey. Results Mothers who had more positive birth experiences were more likely to report breastfeeding their babies. Moreover, mothers who perceived their birth as more positive were more likely to breastfeed their child for a longer period (over 9 months) than those who had more negative experiences. In line with recent research, breastfeeding behaviours were not associated with reported mother-infant bonding. Conclusions Mothers who reported better birth experiences were most likely to breastfeed, and breastfeed for longer. We find no evidence to suggest that feeding methods are associated with bonding outcomes.


From the beginning of 1999, a spouse could claim for division of marital property that was acquired during a marriage on divorce as an Article on...


We consider a nonneutral population genetics model with parent-independent mutations and two selective classes. We calculate the stationary distribution of the type of the common ancestor of a sample of genes from this model. The expected fitness of any ancestor (including the most recent common ancestor of any sample) is shown to be greater than the expected fitness of a randomly chosen gene from the population. The process of mutations to the common ancestor is also analysed. Our results are related to, but more general than, results obtained from diffusion theory.


This article is the result of a survey conducted on first year students of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture in Zagreb. Heavy particles in the focus of this article are intrinsic and extrinsic motivation of students and their ecological awareness and practice. Accordingly, we wanted to examine which form of motivation was prevalent in students when choosing a career in engineering and the degree of environmental awareness and practice of those students. The results show that extrinsic elements of motivation were more important to students in terms of their future career. When it comes to environmental awareness and practices, results show a higher level of environmental awareness and practices among students. Conclusively, it can be noted that the dominance of extrinsic motivation for a career does not compromise the interest in environmental issues or environmental practices.


Three cases of rarely reported, gangrenous-type ischemic colitis are described. One patient was male and two were female, all being over 68 years old. Two patients had hypertension and the other had cardiac valvular disease as the associated medical problem. All three patients were admitted because of sudden onset of severe abdominal pain and peritoneal irritation on physical examination. Plain abdominal X-ray films showed gaseous distention of the large bowel. The locations of the ischemic lesions were the left colon as well as the rectum in all cases. Left hemicolectomy with transverse colostomy (Hartmann's operation) was performed in all three cases because of deteriorated general condition. All specimens revealed widespread necrotic changes, which were severe at the site of the teniae coli in two cases. Only one patient survived whereas the other two died postoperatively. This suggests that immediate surgery is the key to successful treatment for gangrenous-type ischemic colitis. In cases of sudden severe abdominal pain in elderly patients with cardiovascular disease, gangrenous-type ischemic colitis should be considered.


Spectral clustering is one of the most popular unsupervised machine learning methods. Constructing similarity matrix is crucial to this type of method. In most existing works, the similarity matrix is computed once for all or is updated alternatively. However, the former is difficult to reflect comprehensive relationships among data points, and the latter is time-consuming and is even infeasible for large-scale problems. In this work, we propose a restarted clustering framework with self-guiding and block diagonal representation. An advantage of the strategy is that some useful clustering information obtained from previous cycles could be preserved as much as possible. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that applies restarting strategy to spectral clustering. The key difference is that we reclassify the samples in each cycle of our method, while they are classified only once in existing methods. To further release the overhead, we introduce a block diagonal representation with Nystr\"{o}m approximation for constructing the similarity matrix. Theoretical results are established to show the rationality of inexact computations in spectral clustering. Comprehensive experiments are performed on some benchmark databases, which show the superiority of our proposed algorithms over many state-of-the-art algorithms for large-scale problems. Specifically, our framework has a potential boost for clustering algorithms and works well even using an initial guess chosen randomly.


This article describes a student services model which, the author says, trains students in ef fecting change constructively through legitimate channels. Students gain visibility and develop rapport with authority figures.


The retinal analogue (VI) with a fixed 11-cis configuration to preclude the light-induced 11-cis/trans isomerization and the retinoyl fluoride (VIII) are prepared by the procedures shown in the scheme (discussion of 1H, 13C, 19F NMR, MS and IR data).


The purpose of this study is to evaluate the mineral content, phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and soluble protein of Lumi-lumi fish meal (Harpodon nehereus) treated with and non-steamed for 30 min. The results revealed that iron (Fe) mineral content was significantly higher in the steamed than non-steamed treatment but not in calcium (Ca). However, there was a decrease in the minerals magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), and zinc (Zn) during the steamed process, which was not significant. Then, during steamed, there was a significant decrease in antioxidant activity but not in total soluble protein, whereas phenolic content increased. Based on the findings of this study, Lumi-lumi fish (Harpodon nehereus) meal steamed treatment could be the best treatment because it contained the best phenolic and Fe and Ca minerals.


Cosmetics in Dermatology is a short book written to provide factual information for physicians and cosmetologists seriously interested in aesthetics. This book was written by a dermatologist who has had "no commercial ties whatsoever to the cosmetics industry." This book discusses the following topics: cosmetics for every portion of the face, nails, hair, moisturizers, skin cleansers, personal-care products, photoaging, cosmetic-induced contact dermatitis, and the examination of patients with cosmetic problems. Chapters devoted to "ethnic cosmetics," a euphemism for cosmetics used by blacks, and a chapter on obtaining additional information from cosmetics companies are also presented. This book is written by a single author, and the chapters are uniformly well written and easily readable. Reading Cosmetics in Dermatology is a painless and nearly effortless way to learn a lot about cosmetology. The material in this book is well balanced and objectively presented. If you want to become informed about cosmetics, I


Introduction Mesenchymal stem cells from various sources are extensively investigated currently. Nevertheless, relatively few studies using sources other than the cells from bone marrow have been done. Only few studies reported chondrogenic potential of synovium and synovial membrane derived in rabbits [1] and human [2]. Synovium is the tissue located closest to the aricular cartilage in the body and this enabled an easy access to the tissue when a physician examine the articular cartilage especially by arthroscopic exam. And the cartilaginous metaplasia observed in synovial chondromatosis may suggest any possible intimate relationship between the synovium and articular cartilage. In this study, we characterized the synovium derived cells by flow cytometry and performed chondrogenic differentiation by pellet culture, followed by the analysis of histological and biochemical methods. Methods Harvest and isolation of cells: Synoviums were obtained from the knee joints of human donors (age, 61-69 years) at the time of surgical knee replacement for degenerative arthritis. Cells were isolated by enzymatic digestion using 0.2% collagenase (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) in high glucose Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) containing antibiotics for 3 hours after finely minced and washed with DPBS. Following sieving, cells were collected by centrifugation, washed, resuspended in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and antibiotics, plated in 100mm culture dish for 3-4 days until confluence. Cell expansion: Cells were cultured in monolayer in DMEM at 37°C in 5% CO2. Medium was changed every three days. When cell reached confluence, they were harvested by trypsin treatment and passaged at a density of 5x10 per 100mm dish. Flow cytometry (FCM): For characterization of the synovium derived cells, indirect FCM was performed at different steps of the isolation and expansion process; isolated cells just after enzymatic digestion, P1, P8. Antibodies used in FCM are CD 10, 11a, 13, 14, 31, 34, 44, 45, 49a, 49d, 56, 62e, 68, 73, 105, 106, 117, 133, 166, glycophorin A, HLA-DR, and Stro-1. In each case, 10,000 events were acquired and analyzed using CELLQUEST software. Pellet culture: Chondrogenic differentiation in cell pellet was performed as previously described [3]. P1 cells were trypsinized, counted, and 2x10 cell aliquots were spun down at 500g in 15ml polypropylene conical tubes. Chemically defined medium consisting of DMEM with ITS+ premix (BD, MA), antibiotics, 1mM pyruvate, 0.15mM ascorbate 2-phosphate and 10M dexamethasone was then replaced with DMEM. Pellets were cultured with or without TGFβ1(10ng/ml; Invitrogen, CA) for 3 weeks. The medium was changed every other day. After 1 week and 3 weeks, pellets were used to perform RT-PCR for analysis of gene expression for type I, II, IX, X collagen, Sox-1, and aggrecan as well as histologic evaluation immunohistochemical staining (IHC) of type II and X collagen. Micromass culture: Following trypsinization of P1 cells, they were resuspended in DMEM at a density of 2x10/ml. Micromass cultures were performed by pipetting 20μl of cell suspension into wells of a 24 well plate. After 3 hours, a chemically defined medium was added with or without TGF-β1. Alcian blue staining on the micromass was performed after 1 week. Results FCM: The surface phenotypic markers are listed in Fig 1. P1 cells (cultured for approximately 14 – 21 days) appeared to present similar surface makers with P8 cells except CD 105, which is known to be SH-2 or endoglin. The surface markers expressed by greater than 50% is CD 44 and 105. The makers expressed by 5~50% are CD 10, 13, 34, 49a, 73. And the others are expressed less than 5%. Chondrogenic differentiation: Fig 2a~2d shows IHC staining for type II and X collagen. In pellets treated with TGF-β1, type II and X collagen is stained. Alcian blue staining is showed in Fig 2e. TGF-β1 treated well shows bright blue apprearance which indicate the prsence of glycosaminoglycan (GAG). Fig 2f illustrated the RT-PCR analysis of cell pellets after 1week and 3 week culture. Except the type I collagen, gene expression of the others are all apparently increased in the TGF-β1 treated pellets, while the non-treated pellets do not express the cartilage related gene.


A moire fringe analog of the normal modes of sound propagation in shallow water is described, in which interesting patterns are obtained both by direct visual observation and by photographic recording. These are analogs for the profiles of sound pressure as a function of range and depth in the underwater field due to a single‐frequency source. Since phase is correctly represented, the interaction patterns due to the presence of considerable numbers of interfering modes may be investigated experimentally. This is important since mathematical analysis becomes difficult when there are more than two modes. There is a discussion of the characteristics of these patterns (including the formation of "loops") and also of those obtained by A. B. Wood in his sound propagation model experiments.


The MPC(Moisture Protected Computer) system is completely unique. It was recently invented in Korea and it is a technological break-through in the field of computer systems. It will be instrumental in the development of a complete moisture air-tight capability and will work well in field environments. The MPC includes the following: 1) An enclosed design. 2) Moisture proof computer enclosure joints. 3) System dust protection & an impact buffing system. 4) A normal temperature maintenance system when the temperature inside the computer is low. 5) The ability to generate heat and a radiate system inside the computer 6) An automatic power input sensing controller device. 7) A safety device in case of mis-operation. 8) A proper admission procedure for various tests. Because of the above, and as a result of temperature property experiments, there aren't any operational problems. The result of this treatise could provide very important data for verification of cases involving: using strong materials to protect against explosions, searching for ways to make the size and weight small, and for making repairs easier. As a result, it could achieve price and function competitiveness in advanced countries such as the USA and in Europe.


ALTHOUGH muscular weakness is characteristic of hyperthyroidism, L the simultaneous occurrence of this condition and myasthenia gravis in the same patient is relatively rare (1–4). However, 6 per cent of patients at the Mayo Clinic with myasthenia gravis either had associated hyperthyroidism or had had this disease before the onset of myasthenia gravis (5). In the Johns Hopkins series of 270 cases of ocular myasthenia gravis (220 generalized and 50 localized), 12 showed some abnormality of the thyroid gland; and of these, 8 had hyperthyroidism (6). The myasthenia of chronic thyrotoxic myopathy superficially resembles myasthenia gravis and the two conditions may be easily confused, particularly when exophthalmic ophthalmoplegia is present (4). In 1908, Rennie (7, 8) published the first report of hyperthyroidism and associated myasthenia gravis. In 1946, Cohen (4) suggested that perhaps this was an instance of exophthalmic ophthalmoplegia and not of the combined diseases. Since then, several cases of this d...


This report is part of a series evaluating the data submitted to the Motor Carrier Management Information System (MCMIS) Crash File undertaken by the Center for National Truck and Bus Statistics at the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute. Earlier studies showed that reporting to the MCMIS Crash File was significantly incomplete. This report examines reporting from the state of New Jersey. New Jersey Police Accident Report (PAR) files were matched to the MCMIS Crash File to determine the nature and extent of underreporting. In 2003, there were 10,103 crash involvements in New Jersey that were reportable to the MCMIS Crash File. Of these crash involvements, 8,333 were actually reported, resulting in a reporting rate of 82.5%. In addition, 5.3% of MCMIS cases that were reported do not qualify for reporting. Reporting rates vary by crash severity, crash month, and jurisdiction. Unlike many other states in which reporting rates were greater for more severe involvements, in New Jersey reporting rates were lower for more severe involvements. The reporting rates were 67.4% for fatal involvements, 81.5% for injury involvements, and 83.2% for towaway involvements. Underreporting is also related to the time of the year, indicating delays in providing the data. The month of December has the highest percent of unreported cases (21.7%). Data quality is also reviewed. The PAR case number contains inconsistent characters such as dashes, question marks, and asterisks. This appears to be a source of duplicate records. The ambulance run number and the hazardous materials placard variables also contain many inconsistent characters.


whereas their Toronto counterparts were newcomers who overwhelmed by their sheer number the pre-existing community. As semi-literate peasants from the Mezzogiorno, the latter had few options outside of hometown and kinship networks for inserting themselves in the new society: ethnicity was for the vast majority of them a necessity, the only tool they had. By contrast, in Philadelphia and in other major US centres of Italian immigration, it is a minority which continued to live in the ethnic enclave. The majority opted for ethnically mixed neighbourhoods and intermarriage. In other words, ethnicity was one option among many, dictated perhaps by one's socio-economic status, although this question is left unexplored. Consequently, what it meant to be Italian was necessarily different for recently arrived immigrants than for the children and grandchildren of immigrants. The question then arises: is it the same phenomenon that is being examined across time? Although Staying Italian argues that it is, the answer does not appear to be so straightforward. Be that as it may, this book fills an important void in the field of North American immigration and ethnicity where publications on the post-war period are few and far between. The author has established his thorough mastery of the existing literature in this area and in urban studies. He has contributed as well to the ongoing discussion of ethnicity in North America. Roberto Perin York University, Toronto


This paper presents a low power architecture for video application. The architecture is divided into two parts: motion estimation and motion compensation. In the motion estimation part, the modified three step search (TSS) algorithm is used to reduce the computational cost and the memory access. Also, the mesh is coded as a tree and a sequence of motion vectors to ensure low bit rate. In the motion compensation part, using a modified affine transform that reduces the complexity of the motion compensation reduces the computational cost. The performance of this architecture is also presented.


Blends of linear low density polyethylene and low density polyethylene were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and limited mechanical tests. The effect of cooling rate was investigated; it is suggested that these blends are miscible in the melt and do not segregate in the solid state provided they are cooled quickly


ATCA 21 cm HI observations of the rich galaxy cluster ACO 3627 in the Great Attractor region are presented. Three fields of 30' diameter located within one Abell radius of ACO 3627 were observed with a resolution of 15'' and an rms noise of \sim 1 mJy/beam. Only two galaxies were detected in these fields. We compare their HI distribution to new optical R-band images and discuss their velocity fields. The first galaxy is a gas-rich unperturbed spiral whereas the second shows a peculiar HI distribution. The estimated 3-sigma HI mass limit of our observations is \sim 7 x 10^8 M_{\odot} for a line width of 150 km s^{-1}. The non-detection of a considerable number of luminous spiral galaxies indicates that the spiral galaxies are HI deficient. The low detection rate is comparable to the HI deficient Coma cluster (Bravo-Alfaro et al. 2000). ACO 3627 is a bright X-ray cluster. We therefore suspect that ram pressure stripping is responsible for the HI deficiency of the bright cluster spirals.


AbstractPrior to the advent of Government reports, and the increase in literacy among the common people in the nineteenth century, there is a dearth of documentary material facing the social historian in England and Wales. While there are many chance records of farming practices, social conditions and the like dotted here and there among such accumulations as estate records and court rolls from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, it is not common to find a corpus of material from which a general picture of any aspect of folk life can be drawn. One source, however, stands out because of the abundance of detailed material referring directly to the organization and economics of farming, crafts and domestic life - namely the huge number of wills, many with associated inventories of goods, preserved by the various probate courts. Despite - or perhaps because of - the sheer number of records preserved, they have, generally speaking, only recently been used in anything approaching a scientific manner. As t...


Recent efforts to improve the photon conversion efficiency in organic photovoltaic devices have shifted toward producing and optimizing electron acceptor materials. In this contribution, the photodynamics of cobalt-, nickel-, and zinc-chelating tetraphenylazadipyrromethene (M(ADP)2) complexes are investigated as part of an evaluation of their potential use as electron acceptor in bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaic devices using poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) as the electron donor. Steady-state and broad-band transient absorption spectroscopies are used in combination with quantum-chemical calculations in acetonitrile, chloroform, and toluene to investigate their excited-state dynamics and electronic relaxation mechanisms. Zn(ADP)2 shows the longest ground-state repopulation dynamics of the three complexes and the photovoltaic devices that incorporate Zn(ADP)2 exhibit the highest power conversion efficiency. A correlation is observed between the magnitude of the ground-state repopulation life...


Bina Darma University Library has a large collection of books that are highly qualified. This facility has been used by students to increase knowledge, but there are students who are be lazy to visit the library just to see the collection of books available in the library of the University of Bina Darma. Therefore needed a mobile digital library applications. This application can facilitate student at the University of Bina Darma Palembang in obtaining information about libraries like to see a collection of books and order books anywhere and anytime without having to come Librarianship. Mobile digital library application will use the Rational Unified Process (RUP) as a system development method for building these applications. Of the existing problems, then on to a topic that can be lifted into the discussion with the title "Digital Library Mobile Applications Bina Darma University Palembang Method Using Rational Unified Process (RUP)".


The National Centre for e-Social Science (NCeSS) was established by the Economic and Social Research Council (ESRC) in 2004 as its key contribution to the UK e-Science programme. In this paper, we review the progress of the NCeSS programme towards its objectives and outline various initiatives which the programme has undertaken in order to pursue its goals. This provides the background for a discussion of how our understanding of e-Social Science - and with it how the research 'roadmap' - has evolved in the four years of the programme's existence. We conclude by reflecting on experiences of doing the 'translational' work that needs to be tackled for the NCeSS programme to be a success.


This study is about the working environment of school children in the lower secondaryschool. The aim is to study the course of events in which it develops. The empiricalfieldwork was inspired by et ...


Objective: To investigate prevalence and characteristics of ACOS, based on different definitions, in a cohort of adults at high risk of COPD. Method: General practitioners (n=241) consecutively recruited subjects ≥ 35 years old, with tobacco exposure, at least one respiratory symptom, and no previous diagnosis of obstructive lung disease. ACOS was defined as chronic airflow obstruction, i.e. post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio Results: Of the 3.875 (50% females, mean age 57 years) subjects included in the study, 700 (18%) were diagnosed with COPD. The prevalence of ACOS among patients with COPD was 27% (wheeze), 16% (BD reversibility), and 14% (BD reversibility and FEV1 Conclusion: In subjects with a new diagnosis of COPD, the prevalence of ACOS differs substantially depending on the applied diagnostic criteria. Further research into ACOS is needed, especially it seems of utmost importance to reach consensus on diagnostic criteria.


Thyroid hormone‐induced cardiac hypertrophy is a model of enhanced physiological growth and angiogenesis. This study addressed the growth and geometry of the capillary bed in relation to the development of cardiac hypertrophy.


An algorithm is described for the optimization of character data (e.g. qualitative, nucleic acid sequence) on softwired phylogenetic networks. The algorithm presented here is an extension of those developed for trees under the parsimony criterion and can form the basis for phylogenetic network search procedures. Although the problem is (in general) an NP‐Hard optimization, the resolution‐based algorithm we describe here capitalizes on the significant amount of shared structure in sub‐graphs containing network edges, reducing the execution time and allowing for the analysis of empirical datasets.


Purpose. Experimental studies of modes of operation of local autonomous energy sources based on electrical equipment and power plants of other functional purposes in order to ensure the generation of electricity to consumers in both stationary and field conditions. Methodology. large-scale experimental research using modern means and methods of measuring, processing and transmitting information. Result. Proposed concept of creating an autonomous molded power supply based on the system "internal combustion engine-induction generator" using equipment for other functional purposes. determined the limits of the steady operation of typical consumers of electric energy during the connection to local autonomous power supply sources, which makes it possible, at their formation, to choose the required electrotechnical and electromechanical components according to the load. It is proved that the improvement of energy efficiency of local autonomous power supply sources is possible due to the use of additional control systems for their parameters, namely, a two-channel control system for additional capacitive excitation of the generator and the speed of the internal combustion engine Originality. Determining the criteria for local autonomous power supply sources operation in the field to provide energy to consumers of different categories, which allowed to formulate recommendations on the ratio of generator power in the local autonomous power supply sources operation and electricity consumers with different nature of the load. Practical value. The workability of the proposed concept is proved by the concept of creating an autonomous molded power supply according to the scheme "internal combustion engine – asynchronous generator" of electrical equipment for other functional purposes. Figures 24, tables 3, references 11.


Starting from the trend of nationalization of packaging design,combined with three aspects of graphics,symbols and colors through study on Tujia culture and folk art forms,it thought about the application and performance of Tujia national art in modern packaging design.


The effect of dopamine on coronary vascular resistance and myocardial oxygen consumption was investigated. Spontaneously-beating, paced, K+-arrested and fibrillating hearts were used. Dopamine caused either an increase or a decrease in coronary vascular resistance depending upon the dose of dopamine used and whether or not the positive inotropic effect of the drug was allowed to develop. The coronary constrictor effect of dopamine was blocked by phenoxybenzamine but persisted during β-blockade.


Quantitative researchers exist in the exciting nexus where knowledge is created from raw data. Through quantitative study of the human condition, we hope to gain insight into basic, fascinating questions that humans have pondered for millennia. We (and the quantitative psychologists that have preceded us) are therefore optimists above all else. We believe that through systematic, rigorous study, we are able to gain insight into behavior, psychological processes, and important outcomes that ultimately can benefit the world and its inhabitants. Yet the promise of quantitative study of psychology is also one of its greatest challenges: demonstrating in a convincing way that quantification of behavioral, cognitive, biological, and psychological processes is valid, and that the analyses we subject the numbers to are honest efforts at elucidation rather than obfuscation.


Poetry, according to William Wordsworth was a recor d of "emotion recollected in tranquility", moments of the inspired. Perception produced on emotion, which rec ollected after some time, revealed its spiritual si gnificance. This view of origin seems unique for no other poet has held s uch a view, but then few poets have taken us into c onfidence in this matter. If they had, we might have had a confirmati on of Wordsworth's experience which after all, is n ot so very strange or peculiar as it appears. However, that may be man y of his poems were certainly based on. According t o Wordsworth, poet would have selected appropriate language, imag in tion.


There are multiple ways to establish communication link between a device and PC i.e. via parallel port, serial port, ethernet port and as such many other links are also possible. Also there are a lot of devices available, which follow serial communication, but they are unable to communicate directly to PC, since standard PC interface does not follow these serial communication interface (like I2C, SPI and many others).Thus we developed a kind of interface module which enables us to interface SPI device to get directly interfaced with PC through UART. To interface many serial devices to the PC via the single UART port, at present we had worked upon one such interface. In this paper we would present UART-SPI interface which enables us to transfer data to multiple devices through a single UART communication port of the PC. It also opens the gate where we can have multiple SPI device communicating through a single UART interface found in controller. As we found that normally the controller like 8051facilitating on chip UART communication but for the SPI devices, embedded programmer has to develop routine to communicate through such device.


ERISA preemption of state laws is determined using the following three rules. First, ERISA permits state laws that do not diminish or enhance any of the ERISA basic benefit protections. Second, ERISA preempts any state law that diminishes or enhances any of the three ERISA basic benefit protections unless the diminution or enhancement was needed to implement a state law that is not otherwise preempted, in which case the law is not preempted if the diminution or enhancement is limited to the extent needed for the effective administration of such state law. Third, a law is not otherwise preempted if the law (1) is described in an explicit or implicit exclusion from the rule that ERISA preempts all state laws that relate to an ERISA plan, or (2) does not diminish or enhance any of the ERISA basic benefit protections other than by imposing a reporting or disclosure mandate to the extent needed for the effective administration of such state law. Thus, ERISA permits a state-law reporting or disclosure mandate that implements a state law that is not otherwise preempted, but only to the extent the mandate is needed for the effective administration of such state law. ERISA preempts all other reporting and disclosure mandates. This article uses those principles to answer the question, "Which State-Law Reporting and Disclosure Mandates Does ERISA Permit that Relate to State Criminal Laws, Insurance Laws, Health Care Laws, Tax Laws, Domestic Relations Laws, Labor Laws, or Other State Laws?" ERISA permits generally applicable state criminal laws. Thus, states may compel plans to provide reports to show that their loan programs comply with state criminal usury laws, but not with respect to compliance with civil usury laws, which ERISA preempts. ERISA permits states to regulate insurance providers. Thus, states may compel insurers to file extensive reports about the policies they issue to ERISA plans. ERISA permits states to regulate the provision of health care. Thus, states may compel ERISA plans to file reports and respond to audit request with respect to the health care, if any, they provide. ERISA permits some, but not all, state-law taxes. Thus, states may compel ERISA plans to file tax returns and respond to audit requests for permissible taxes such as the tax on health care providers. ERISA requires most ERISA pension plans to follow the terms of state domestic relations orders known as QDROs. Thus, states may compel those plans to disclose to a permissible user of a QDRO the benefit information of a participant that may be needed to prepare a QDRO. ERISA permits some prevailing wage statutes that take into account contributions to ERISA plans. Thus, states may compel employers to report their contributions to ERISA plans needed to show compliance with such laws. ERISA permits states to assemble and make available to the public data bases describing the prices of health care providers because such data bases do not affect any of ERISA basic benefit protections other than with a reporting or disclosure mandate used to implement the law. Thus, states may compel ERISA plans and their insurers to report claims experience with such price data. ERISA permits states to enforce claims that do not affect the ERISA basic benefit protections other than with a reporting or disclosure mandate used to implement the law. Thus, state courts considering contract claims by supplier to an ERISA plan may compel the plan to comply with discovery requests with respect to the contract claim, but not with respect to requests unrelated to such claim such as the plan's claims procedures.


The complex study of fungi biota of the State Nature Reserve "Bylina" in Kirov region in 2010-2017 (apart from defining species composition of the territory) included the study of economically important species and also ones with potentially medicinal properties. Total number of macrofungi species of the area reached 377, including 84 edible, 6 – conditionally edible, 74 – non-edible, and 20 – poisonous species. The following species were subsumed to medicinal fungi: Lenzites betulinus, Stereum hirsutum, Fomes fomentarius, Fomitopsis pinicola, Russula foetens, Boletus edulis, Suillus granulatus, Amanita muscaria, Ramaria stricta, Coltricia perennis, Inonotus obliquus, Cantharellus cibarius, and also rarely found Pycnoporus cinnobarinus, Trametes suaveolens, Heterobasidion annosum, and Ramaria formosa. Keywords: KIROV REGION, MACROFUNGI, MACROMYCETES, EDIBLE MUSHROOMS, MEDICINAL FUNGI, BASIDIOMYCOTA, PROTECTED AREAS


Abstract 1873 Background: Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) relapsed or refractory to current treatment options and ineligible for ASCT have a poor prognosis. Therefore new treatment options are highly needed for this patient population. Malignant MM cells exhibit very strong CD38 surface expression. Daratumumab is a human CD38 antibody with broad spectrum killing activity. Daratumumab mediates MM cell death via antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity, complement dependent cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Daratumumab has been shown to inhibit growth of CD38-expression tumor cells in SCID mouse xenografts. We report the preliminary safety results from the ongoing first in man dose-escalation study (clin.trial.gov. NCT00574288). Methods: Patients (age > 18 yrs) ineligible for ASCT and relapsed or refractory to at least two different prior therapies receive 7 full and 2 pre-dose infusions of daratumumab (1st pre-dose day 1, 1st full dose day 2, 2nd pre-dose day 21, 2nd full-dose day 22 and thereafter weekly full-dose daratumumab). The study design encompasses a classic 3 + 3 dose escalation with the possibility to limit exposure to 1 patient in the first 2 cohorts pending safety data. The dose range is from 0.005 mg/kg to 24 mg/kg. The primary objective is to establish the safety profile and secondary objectives are to establish MTD and evaluate the efficacy. An independent Data Monitoring Committee evaluates the safety data for each cohort before dose-escalation. Results: Until May 31st, 2011 safety data for 20 patients, including dose range from 0.005 mg/kg up to 2 mg/kg cohort, were collected. Median age 62 yrs (42–76), F/M: 7/13, stage of MM (ISS): 1: 5 patients; 2: 9 patients; 3: 5 patients and 1 unknown. The most common AEs reported across all cohorts are pyrexia (35%), free hemoglobin (25%), anemia (25%), proteinuria (25%), cough (15%), dizziness (10%), flushing (10%), influenza-like-illness (10%), nausea (10%) hypo/hypertension (10%/10%), thrombocytopenia (10%), hemolysis (15%), lymphopenia (10%), arthralgia (10%), abdominal pain (10%) and chest pain (10%). Five SAE were assessed as related to daratumumab. One patient had anemia grade 3 and thrombocytopenia grade 4, one patient experienced cytokine release syndrome grade 2 and based on these DLT events 3 more patients were enrolled in the 0.1 mg/kg and 1.0mg/kg cohorts, one patient experienced a grade 3 bronchospasm 40 hours after end of trial drug infusion and one patient had AST elevation. All patients recovered after relevant treatment. Since implementation of relevant pre-medication and dilution of trial drug no severe infusion related AEs have been reported. The MTD has not been reached at the cut-off time point for this evaluation. Efficacy evaluation is ongoing and preliminary data will be presented at the meeting. Conclusion: Daratumumab has a favorable safety profile as monotherapy in patients with multiple myeloma in doses up to and including 2 mg/kg. The dose-escalation is ongoing and updated safety data will be presented at the meeting. When the MTD is established, an extension study with daratumumab as monotherapy will be conducted. Disclosures: Plesner:Genmab A/S: Consultancy. Lokhorst:Genmab: Consultancy. Valentin:Genmab A/S: Employment. Lisby:Genmab A/S: Employment. Richardson:Genmab: Consultancy.


The burning characteristics of pure n-alkanes (n-octadecane and n-docosane) are investigated. Combustion of single and double droplets is studied experimentally, the histories of burning droplets are obtained, and the burning rate constants are determined. Flame transfer is studied in a two- droplet system.


In this second paper, we prove another necessity Theorem about the topological origin of phase transitions. The Main Theorem of the present paper is proved by crucially resorting to the Main Theorem of paper I. However, the new Theorem has a much broader validity domain because it is proved under the generic condition of existence of critical points of the potential VN . In fact, on the basis of an analytic relationship between a weighed sum of the Morse indexes of the manifolds {Mv := V −1 N ((−∞, v])}v∈R and thermodynamic entropy, the Theorem states that any possible unbound growth with the number N of degrees of freedom of one of the following derivatives of the configurational entropy S(−)(v) = (1/N) log ∫ Mv d q, that is of |∂kS(−)(v)/∂vk|, for k = 3, 4, can be entailed only by the weighed sum of Morse indexes. Since the unbound growth with N of one of these derivatives corresponds to the occurrence of a phase transition, and since the variation of the Morse indexes of a manifold is in one-to-one correspondence with a change of its topology, the Main Theorem of the present paper gives evidence of the relevance of topology for the study of phase transition phenomena.


A mineral carbonation method for using anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions is discussed. In this method, steel manufacturing slags are carbonated with gaseous carbon dioxide at atmospheric pressure and temperature using an aqueous ammonium chloride solution. This lixiviant extracts calcium selectively from the slag material, after which the dissolved calcium is precipitated as calcium carbonate. A flue gas stream can be used as a CO2 source without pre-separation. The reactions occur pseudo-catalytically in one vessel, resulting in considerable savings regarding process capital costs and reagent usage compared to a previously developed two-step carbonation method (Slag2PCC). The one-step method uses steel slag more efficiently, potentially reducing the amount of landfilled slag while capturing significantly more carbon dioxide in the same amount of slag. The two-step method produces >95% pure calcium carbonate, which can be used, e.g., in papermaking, while the one-step method is capable of manufacturi...


Objective: To determine the perception of social support and quality of life in cancer patients with tuberculosis attending outpatient clinics of the national institute of neoplastic diseases in 2021. Methodology: The study had a quantitative, correlational, cross-sectional, non-experimental design. The population consisted of approximately 80 oncology patients with tuberculosis attending the INEN tuberculosis prevention and control program. Two instruments were used; the MOS questionnaire of Social Support in Primary Care (De la Revilla et al., 2005), to measure social support with 4 dimensions: Emotional, positive social interaction, instrumental and affective with 14 items and the WHOQOL-BREF quality of life scale, which evaluates 4 dimensions: physical health, psychological health, social relationships and environment, with 26 items both instruments with a Likert scale that were validated by expert judgment and a pilot test was performed to obtain Cronbach's alpha. The results obtained were that there is a Spearman correlation indicating that there is a moderate relationship between perception social support and the quality of life in oncology patients with tuberculosis (Rho= ,582), which means that both variables are significant (p= ,000 < ,05).


In order to meet the requirement of asynchronous motor input-output parameters and expediently compare different modems,a general solution is offered.Adopting hierarchy,modularity and object-oriented designing ideas.This paper gives GUI′s conception and introduces GUI′s structural levels of object,user control,parameter passing.Based on it,a simulation system of asynchronous motor is designed.The results indicate that GUI is easy to manipulate with rich contents and interact with human.This paper comes to a right conclusion about motor′s time/frequency domain figures and power spectrum figures.


A 42-year-old woman with metastatic melanoma presented with a 1-month history of dyspnea and wheezing. The diagnosis of malignant melanoma had been made 6 years earlier on the basis of a biopsy of an enlarging mole on her left foot. The melanoma was 8.5 mm in depth, Clark level V, without involvement of the regional lymph nodes (stage II disease). One year before the current presentation, liver and bone metastases were diagnosed, and therapy with temozolomide was initiated, with a good response. Treatment with this agent was ongoing at the time of the current presentation. Pulmonary-function testing showed preserved total . . .


Considering the convenience of reusability and identifiability of Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, increasingly industries tend to use these properties, such as in the area of transportation, logistics, medical treatment, military, and so on. Many researchers have proposed RFID authentication protocols that conform to the EPCglobal Class 1 Generation 2 (EPC C1-G2) standard. Recently, Akgun et al. have proposed an RFID authentication protocol which utilized the  Chebyshev chaotic map hard problem to realize flexibility RFID application. However, we point out three security flaws in their protocol. Firstly, we find that their protocol lack of RFID tag verification. Secondly, the protocol is vulnerable to tag impersonation attack and de-synchronization attack. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an improved RFID authentication protocol based on chaotic maps hard problem. Our protocol has the feature of privacy protection and robust to many malicious attacks. Moreover, the protocol also enhances the security of the RFID system.


A recently designed oil fueled, high speed, quick turnaround container ship was used as the base for a comparison to determine the economic feasibility of nuclear propulsion for ships of this type. To avoid inadvertent advantage to one or the other alternative, both were analyzed according to two independent economic criteria: average annual operating cost and average annual net profit. Each of these criteria accounts for the significant costs incurred by the ship over its life, including the effects of taxes and the time value of money. Results of sensitivity computations indicate that the nuclear powered container ship, as modified for this comparison, would now be competitive with the oil fueled ship on transatlantic routes. A similar ship specifically designed for nuclear propulsion should have an economic advantage.


Since the granting of licences for local DTT and the analogue switch-off, Catalan proximity TV has had to face many challenges: the economic crisis, market saturation and difficulties in meeting production and programming commitments being just a few of them. On the other hand, syndicated programming, a phenomenon with years of tradition in Catalan local TV, is an increasingly popular option for local TV stations as it means they can continue to meet their commitments to the territory at the same time as reducing costs. In fact, according to the Catalan Audiovisual Council itself, "content syndication is a formula that enables the system to be efficient and stable" (2009:74), and this was corroborated in 2008 with the emergence of two new private syndication networks (TDI and TVLocal.cat). The public's response has also helped: according to data from the Barometer of Communication and Culture, in 2009 25% of the accumulated audience for all stations in the Local Television Network (XTVL in Catalan) were viewers of syndicated programming. Moreover, 15.1% of the screen time for stations associated with this network corresponds to syndicated programming. To a certain extent, this phenomenon of syndicated programming becoming more important in local television might be characterised as institutional isomorphism. According to DiMaggio and Powell (1983), institutional isomorphism occurs REINALD BESALÚ Lecturer and researcher in communication at the Universitat Pompeu Fabra


Background: Effective Communication is a fundamental skill for practice across health care settings and is a compo nent of undergraduate nursing programs around the world. Resource materials appropriate for the teaching of co mmunication in an Asian context are lacking. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulnes s of a self-developed video using role play in faci litating teaching and learning associated with therapeutic communication . Methods: Videos were produced which demonstrated the fundamental communication skills of listening, understandi ng, exploring and comforting/supporting, using role pla y. These were shown to Year 1 nursing students in tutorials over four weeks. Their usefulness was evaluated using a self-develop ed questionnaire. Among 74 questionnaires distribut ed at the end of the fourth tutorial, 72 were returned, with a 97% respo nse rate. Results: Most students agreed that the video clips provided useful examples for role-playing the communication skills (89%), helped trigger them to perform role-playing (74%), were useful to improve understanding of different c ommunication skills (93%) and helped them learn from other students' ro le-playing performance (87%). Overall impression of using the videos in the tutorial teaching was very useful (27%) and useful (68%). Conclusions: Most students valued the videos developed purposel y for teaching therapeutic communication and recommended that the videos be used in the future. Using video role plays facilitated the teaching and learning pr ocess and enhanced undergraduate nursing students' understanding and a pplication of communication skills. More video clip s will be developed in the future, with improved quality and with a broade r range of health care communication scenarios demonstrated in order to be used more widely.


A large number of researchers have been studied the characteristics of noise processes encountered in different environments. Efficient processing of the wideband disturbances demands the computational performance, which can be delivered by the massively parallel processors. The paper presents an implementation of the EM algorithm for estimating and generating signals with an arbitrary probability density function on a graphics processing unit (GPU). The use of massively parallel processors for estimating and generating noise signals.


In 395 patients with gastric cancer, the subtotal distal resection of the stomach was performed at the oncologic dispensary. In 47.6% of cases, a blunder in ablasticity of operation was committed. Distal resection of the stomach was unreasonably performed in patients with involvement of the middle gastric portion and in infiltrative tumour growth.


Stormwater mitigation and pollutant transport within living roof systems is largely influenced by the hydrological performance of their media layers. Unsaturated 1D hydrological process in 10-cm depth cores of four living roof media under 30-min steady simulated rainfalls of 2- and 100-yr recurrence interval were measured. The composition of the media involved two gradations of pumice aggregate (fine and coarse) and three volumetric ratio of compost (0, 10 and 20%). Stable wetting fronts existed in all the tested media. During the 2-yr 30-min storm, the medium with 100% fine grade pumice delays the runoff longer than the medium with 100% coarse grade pumice. The compost-amended coarse pumice delays the runoff peak discharge more compared to the 100% coarse pumice. The difference in retention due to the pumice aggregate type and compost amendment is small for both storm events. The application of the Richards equation with different characterizations of medium hydraulic properties was also explored in HYDRUS1D. The results suggest that for media with steady wetting fronts, the Richards equation is applicable when medium hydraulic properties are characterized by a dualporosity model proposed by Durner (1994). Modeling the medium porosity as two different, overlapping pore regions produce more accurate hydrograph simulation than a single homogeneous pore system, when compared against measured flows.


An Analysis of the Spatial Organization in the Context of Space Syntax Model for Apartment Unit Plans in Kenya Choi, Jung yun Department of Architecture Master Course in Graduate School Seoul National University Advised by Professor Choi, Jaepil Kenya has the largest economy in East Africa and is generally considered to be the economic hub of the region, with a particular focus on Nairobi. Thus, the average growth rate of urbanization is high and is predicted to grow over time. Through urbanization, Kenya's investment in the construction industry has failed to meet the country's housing demands, which represents a shortfall of housing. As apartment buildings can accommodate more families than the appropriate number of single housing units on the same size lot, apartments are often selected as a way of resolving housing shortages. Thus, this study focuses on apartments as a way to analyze the spatial configurations and social implication of such provision. The purpose of this study is to describe changes of the spatial organization through space syntax in Kenyan apartments between the two ranges of 2000 to 2004 and 2005 to 2016; further, it aims to elaborate on why such changes have occurred. The spatial structures of apartments in the two periods from 2000 to 2004 and 2005 to 2016 have been comparatively analyzed. Comparing the mean integration value from these two ranges reveals that almost all the spaces have decreased in integration value. Ultimately, the most drastic changes that have taken place in spatial housing layouts are the entirety of the corridor, private zones, abd the kitchen. Overall, apartment from 2000 to 2004 was a new housing type designed in the 'universal/global' trend of apartment housing which did not fit into the context of Kenyan apartments. As adjustment and changes in political, economic, and social issues started to appear in 2005 apartments became more of a popular housing type and were constructed more frequently. Furthermore, apartments from 2005 to 2016 started to embrace and reflect the cultural contents of Kenyan living style where these characteristics started to reappear in floor plans. These changes are seen through the location of the corridor, private zones, and kitchen.


Presently, learning a foreign language is an essential academic requirement in several contexts, hence the importance and the need for effective teaching in this field at all educational levels starting with the first years of school. As a consequence, teaching and learning in elementary school is a key issue to success in the learner's future language learning. However, at some public elementary schools in Colombia there are many factors that hinder this process. One of them is the fact that most of the teachers who are in charge of teaching English in elementary schools are not sufficiently trained to do this job (McNulty & Quinchía, 2007). For this reason, the aim of this study is to strengthen the pedagogical practices of the participating teachers. Guided by the theoretical foundations of peer coaching and reverse mentoring, this mixed-methods study examined strategies for professional development via results of an English test, class observations, questionnaires, focus groups, interviews, and journals. Findings show the effectiveness of the proposal in terms of the professional growth of the participants who exchanged teaching experiences and pedagogical tools within a mutual and trusting atmosphere. This helped them to enhance their knowledge about teaching a foreign language and test new teaching techniques and strategies to favor their students' language learning.


In 1988, Knabe found a "finite-size criterion" to determine whether a frustration-free quantum spin chain with periodic boundary conditions is uniformly gapped in the thermodynamic limit. The criterion provides a threshold for the spectral gap at a finite system size such that, if the threshold is exceeded for a fixed system size, then the chain with periodic boundary conditions is uniformly gapped.
We extend Knabe's result to frustration-free spin chains equipped with open boundary conditions. We now obtain two finite-size criteria: The first one is identical to Knabe's criterion and we interpret it as a bulk criterion. The second one controls the spectral gaps at smaller system sizes and can be interpreted as a new edge criterion. Heuristically, it excludes the presence of thermodynamically gapless excitations living near the edge.


In this paper, the CrankNicolson type finite difference method is applied to the BenjaminBonaMahony equation. We obtain the existence and uniqueness of the numerical solutions. Convergence and error analysis of the scheme are also proved.


Abstract During the Precambrian and the Palaeozoic, the tectonics of NW Europe were dominated by the sequential accretion of different terrains on to the North American Craton, e.g. old continental crust of the Scandinavian Craton, magmatic arcs of the Avalon-Brabant Massif, Pentevrian continental crust and the Brioverian magmatic arc. Terrains were locally bounded by thrust packages, by NW-SE trending strike-slip — transform faults parallel to the accretion direction, and by NE-SW trending strike-slip faults defining localized oblique collision or, more generally, boundaries to zones of lateral continental extrusion and escape. Close analogies can be made with the Tertiary Makran-Himalaya-Tibet collisional zones. The Laxfordian/Caledonian/Variscan thrusts and more importantly the large-scale strike-slip faults, imposed a complex heterogeneity to the crust which critically influenced the subsequent extension directions and the siting of basin bounding faults and tectonic inversion, from Devonian times to the present day.


In order to reduce the rate of roadside accidents,help traffic-control engineers to make proper decisions and take effective measures in improving highway roadside safety,this article is con- cerned about how to make a reasonable evaluation of the roadside safety and how to set the safety facilities for the different roadside dangerous situations.The traditional method to keep safe from acci- dents is to take a protective barrier,whose setting is to limit the road grades and the potential seriousness of the accidents.However,it is difficult to accurately evaluate the seriousness of the accidents when the barrier design is made.To improve the evaluation,it is essential to learn how to make a reasonable or rational assessment and classifi- cation of dangerous conditions involved from the point of view of the roadside traffic control,as well as the types of protective equipment and facilities in different hazards-involved circumstances.Through a comprehensive analysis of the highway roadside accident causes and the influential factors,the author has put forward a concept of road- side hazard and a roadside hazard-degree evaluation method based on the gray cluster theory.In working out the evaluation efficiency,the proposed method intends to overcome the deficiency of indefinite like- liness of roadside hazards for a specific road segment.For the re- search purpose,we have adopted more than ten variables in our eval- uation model,in which roadside safety performances can be quanti- fied in terms of the level of roadside hazard degrees which can be classified into four grades titled as Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ.The higher the grade,the worse the roadside safety performance is.And then a proper proposal has been put forward as to the types of safety facilities according to the different grades of roadside safety from our case study experiences.The results of the trial application of the method provid- ed here demonstrate that it can perspicuously and accurately reflect the effects of the related roadside factors on the traffic safety in a complicated system.This evaluation method and its approaches to the hazard gradation prove to be useful for the road engineers and deci- sion-makers to identify and evaluate the traffic hazards of the exact road segments under discussion that need a safety improvement and then determine the protective measures to be taken to meet the need.


Phase-space features of the Wigner flow are examined so to provide a set of continuity equations that describe the flux of quantum information in the phase-space. The reported results suggest that the non-classicality profile of anharmonic (periodic) quantum systems can be consistently obtained in terms of the fluxes of probability, purity and von Neumann entropy. Extensions of the such phase-space quantifiers are also investigated in the context of the so-called Renyi entropy.


INTRODUCTION According to the Bylaws of the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP), the Advocacy Committee: "will advise the Board of Directors on the formation of positions on matters of public policy and on strategies to advance those positions to the public and private sectors on behalf of academic pharmacy." COMMITTEE CHARGE President Jeffrey N. Baldwin charged the 2009-2010 Advocacy Committee to: "examine the Academy's ability to align education to support and enhance the strategic goals of the federal government's agencies focused on meeting public need for primary health care." The strategic plan of the Health Resources and Services Administration contains seven goal statements: As the Nation's Access Agency, HRSA focuses on uninsured, underserved, and special needs populations in its goals and program activities: GOAL 1: Improve Access to Health Care. GOAL 2: Improve Health Outcomes. GOAL 3: Improve the Quality of Health Care. GOAL 4: Eliminate Health Disparities. GOAL 5: Improve the Public Health and Health Care Systems. GOAL 6: Enhance the Ability of the Health Care System to Respond to Public Health Emergencies. GOAL 7: Achieve Excellence in Management Practices. The committee conducted its business through a face-to-face meeting in October 2009, conference calls, a dedicated Google-site to facilitate the sharing of information and e-mail. Each member of the committee was asked to select one of strategic goals of the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) as their primary report submission effort. The committee determined that Goal 7 was not appropriate for consideration due to its focus on the internal management of HRSA. The committee agreed to a format for reviewing the Academy's ability to support and enhance the HRSA strategic goals that included: 1. an assessment of evidence that the Academy is actively engaged in areas relevant to the goal; 2. determining that, if the Academy is not directly engaged in areas relevant to the goal, should it be?; and 3. a review of the literature, including American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) educational policy and recommendations, and suggestions of AACP standing committees, to assist in the determination that if the Academy should be involved in areas relevant to the goal, what should that engagement be or how should it be presented to the Academy to create engagement? Through a consensus process the committee agreed to a set of information-seeking questions that each would ask a self-selected group comprising 51 colleges and schools of pharmacy. The committee member selections took into consideration the diverse membership of the Academy. Information gained through contacting faculty at the selected institutions provided the appropriate response to the three questions listed above (Appendix I). Institutions participating in the information collection activity include: Auburn University Butler University Campbell University Creighton University Drake University Idaho State University Loma Linda University Mercer University Midwestern University-Chicago Northeastern University Ohio Northern University Oregon State University Pacific University Purdue University St. Louis College of Pharmacy Southern Illinois University Edwardsville Texas A&M Health Science Center Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center The Ohio State University The University of Arizona The University of Findlay The University of Montana The University of New Mexico The University of Tennessee The University of Texas at Austin The University of Toledo The University of Utah Touro University Union University University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences University of California, San Diego University of California, San Francisco University of Colorado Denver University of Florida University of Illinois at Chicago University of Michigan University of Minnesota University of Missouri-Kansas City University of Nebraska Medical Center University of Southern California University of Southern Nevada University of the Incarnate Word University of the Pacific University of Washington University of Wisconsin University of Wyoming Washington State University Western University of Health Sciences West Virginia University BACKGROUND The Health Resources and Services Administration was established in 1973 and is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. …


The highly competitive environment created globally has made India one of the many countries which are becoming digital. The rapid growth of internet technology has enabled the Indian consumers for buying and selling products or services through the medium of E-Commerce.
The behaviour of consumer for online shopping may be different from the traditional shopping. So the online marketers need to explore the online purchase intention of consumers. The intention for shopping may be effected by various shopping orientations which depend on the preferences of the customers to purchase a product.
In this paper the various factors and preferences of the consumers for purchasing products from online shops and physical shops are studied. The different shopping orientations affecting online purchasing is analysed.


X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements in Pr0.5Ca0.5CoO3 were performed at the Pr M4,5, Pr L3, and Ca L2,3 absorption edges as a function of temperature below 300 K. Ca spectra show no changes down to 10 K while a noticeable thermally dependent evolution takes place at the Pr edges across the metal-insulator transition. Spectral changes are analyzed by different methods, including multiple scattering simulations, which provide quantitative details on an electron loss at Pr 4f orbitals. We conclude that in the insulating phase a fraction [15(+5)%] of Pr3+ undergoes a further oxidation to adopt a hybridized configuration composed of an admixture of atomic-like 4f1 states (Pr4+) and f- symmetry states on the O 2p valence band (Pr3+L states) indicative of a strong 4f- 2p interaction.


We investigate the R\'enyi entropy of independent sums of integer valued random variables through Fourier theoretic means, and give sharp comparisons between the variance and the R\'enyi entropy, for Poisson-Bernoulli variables. As applications we prove that a discrete ``min-entropy power'' is super additive on independent variables up to a universal constant, and give new bounds on an entropic generalization of the Littlewood-Offord problem that are sharp in the ``Poisson regime''.


Internationally and in South Africa there is great pressure on academics to obtain doctoral qualifications. A doctorate helps to facilitate full membership of academic communities and develop academic identities. Thus, this article investigates the identity development of academics who have been enrolled for their doctoral degrees for a few years. The article is written from a postmodern perspective. The situated learning theory and symbolic interactionism were used as conceptual frameworks. By means of a narrative enquiry research approach eight interviews were conducted. Thereafter, three narratives were selected for follow-up research with the participants. From the findings, three major themes emerged with implications for universities and for postgraduate supervision. These themes are: (1) socialisation into the language and values of a stable disciplinary and/or institutional community of practice; (2) internal–external dialectic of identification (self-definition and definition of oneself offered by others) to find meaning and build self-esteem, and (3) role-taking and role-conflict.


The Newton polytope $P_f$ of a polynomial $f$ is well known to have a strong impact on its zeros, as in the Kouchnirenko-Bernstein theorem on the number of simultaneous zeros of $m$ polynomials with given Newton polytopes. In this article, we show that $P_f$ also has a strong impact on the distribution of zeros of one or several polynomials. We equip the space of (holomorphic) polynomials of degree $\leq N$ in $m$ complex variables with its usual $SU(m+1)$-invariant Gaussian measure and then consider the conditional measures $\gamma_{|NP}$ induced on the subspace of polynomials whose Newton polytope $P_f\subset NP$. When $P=\Sigma$, the unit simplex, then it is obvious and well-known that the expected distribution of zeros $Z_{f_1,...,f_k}$ (regarded as a current) of $k$ polynomials $f_1,...,f_k$ of degree $N$ is uniform relative to the Fubini-Study form. Our main results concern the conditional expectation $E_{|NP} (Z_{f_1,...,f_k})$ of zeros of $k$ polynomials with Newton polytope $NP\subset Np\Sigma$ (where $p=\deg P$); these results are asymptotic as the scaling factor $N\to\infty$. We show that $E_{|NP} (Z_{f_1,...,f_k})$ is asymptotically uniform on the inverse image $A_P$ of the open scaled polytope $p^{-1}P^\circ$ via the moment map $\mu:CP^m\to\Sigma$ for projective space. However, the zeros have an exotic distribution outside of $A_P$ and when $k=m$ (the case of the Kouchnirenko-Bernstein theorem) the percentage of zeros outside $A_P$ approaches 0 as $N\to\infty$.


Among several noudestructive testing methobs, ultrasonic pulse velocity method has been widly used for the evaluation of concrete strength. However, this method might not provide accurate estimated results since factors influencing the relationship between strength and wave velocity is not considered. In this study, the evaluation methods of concrete strength using compression wave velocities measured by either ultrasonic pulse velocity method or impactresonance method are proposed. A basic equation is obtained by the linear regression with consider the difference of the incressing rate between wave velocity and strength. Strengths predicted by the proposed equation agree well with test results.


Case Report Mediastinal teratomas account for 10% of mediastinal tumors, mainly affecting the young population. There are two types of teratomas: mature (benign) and immature. The radiological presentation is variable given the great variety of the tissues constituting it: epithelial and muscular tissues, fat, liquid, cartilage and even teeth. We report the case of a 27-year-old female, with no pathological history, who consulted for a progressive dyspnea, in a context of apyrexia and general state preservation. The clinical examination found a dyspnoeic patient with a left fluid effusion syndrome. The chest X-ray has shown a left lung opacity. The patient underwent a thoracic drainage bringing back 600cc of purulent liquid at the beginning then herematic but the patient remained dyspnoeic. The cytobacteriological analysis was negative. A thoracic CT was performed revealing an abundant left pleural effusion, containing a three component mass :tissue, fat and calcium ; suggestive of a teratoma with ultrasound and MRI in favor of a pleural localization. The patient underwent a thoracotomy revealing a large solido-cystic mass with a large mediastinal implantation base pushing up the left lung and very adherent to its lower lobe,histologicaly compatible with a mature teratoma. Teratomas represent 50% to 70% of mediastinal germ tumors, their radiological presentation is often suggestive of the diagnosis, but in some cases not as rare they can simulate a massive pleural effusion, and should therefore be included in the list of diagnoses to evoke in front of an opaque hemi-thorax especially in the presence of calcification and in the young population.


The article deals with both the general economic impact of large sporting events and the likely economic impact of having the Olympics held in Budapest. The author describes the general economic theory of economic impact and the spending patterns at major sporting events. He finds that a considerable part of the money spent in a community at the time of such an event cannot be viewed as "new money"that will stimulate the local economy. A large economic impact of such an event requires that it be long in duration, attract large crowds and big spenders, and be family-oriented. The paper notes that in many cases physical facilities, and even transportation networks, that are constructed for major sporting events prove ill-designed to support economics development in the longer run. The author concludes that in considering holding a major sporting event Budapest has serious resource constraints and faces risks of increases in pollution and congestion. Further, since it has a rapidly growing diversified economy, holding the Olympics in Budapest is unlikely to be the best long run strategy to attract money into the city and its region.


[...]breaches are permissible only under certain serious circumstances, such as in the case of a public health– reportable issue or to inform a potential victim, and possibly authorities, of impending danger or harm.5,6 In the present case, no unreasonable risk (other than those de minimis, as noted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention7) will occur to the health of the children or third parties. Accessed January 21, 2022. https://theconversation.com/should-my-child-have-a-covid-vaccine-heres-what-can-happen-when-parents-disagree-174395 Discussion about vaccination disagreements, with some reviews of court cases If the children have already been vaccinated without the mother's knowledge, however, the physician may, depending on state law and regulation, have no legal requirement to proactively communicate the vaccination status of her children, unless the mother raises the question directly, in which case ethical and legal precepts dictate truthful responses to her questions.8 It is reasonable to assume that the mother may react negatively if she learns that the physician has administered the vaccine. [...]it is important to remember that the legal and ethical tenets presented here apply only to cases where parents are legally married. [...]from ethical and legal perspectives, individual issues such as the physician's tolerance for conflict, concern for the family's harmony, and the relationship with patients may be grounds for differing, and somewhat more nuanced, courses of action. [...]there are times when these decisions must be made on a case-by-case basis.


A high performance, high operating temperature electronic module technology has been researched and developed that achieves reliable operation for 1000 hours at 225 Deg C.


An efficient total synthesis of pectinolide H was achieved by using alkynylation, asymmetric reduction in the presence of a Corey–Bakshi–Shibata catalyst, and a Still–Gennari olefination as key steps.


Symbolic encryption, in the style of Dolev-Yao models, is ubiquitous in formal security analysis aiming at the automated verification of network protocols. The näıve use of symbolic encryption, however, may unnecessarily require an expensive construction: an arbitrary-length encryption scheme that is private and non-malleable in an adaptive CCACPA setting. Most of the time, such assumptions remain hidden and rather symbolic encryption is instantiated with a seemingly "good" cryptographic encryption, such as AES in the CBC configuration. As an illustration of this problem, we first report new attacks on ECB and CBC based implementations of the well-known Needham-Schroeder and Denning-Sacco protocols. We then present a few symbolic encryption schemes along with their cryptographic semantics, and prove the hierarchical relations between the proposed schemes from both cryptographic and formal perspectives. These symbolic schemes can be seamlessly used in many existing formal security models.


Many real-world networks such as Facebook, LinkedIn, and Wikipedia exhibit rich connectivity patterns along with worthwhile content nodes often labeled with meaningful attributes. Keyword search is an effective method to retrieve information from such useful networks. The aim of keyword search is to find a set of answers (subgraphs) covering all or part of the queried keywords. A challenge in keyword search systems is to rank answers according to their relevance to the query. This relevance lies in the textual content and structural compactness of the answers. In this paper, an attribute-specific ranking method is proposed based on language models to rank candidate answers according to their semantic information up to the attribute level. This method scores answers using a model enriched with attribute-specific preferences and integrating both the structure and content of answers. The proposed model is directly estimated on the sub-graphs (answers) and is defined such that it can preserve the local importance of keywords in nodes. Extensive experiments conducted on a standard evaluation framework with three real-world datasets illustrate the superior effectiveness of the proposed ranking method to that of the state-of-the-art methods.


Timed Petri Nets are often used to model and analyze the real time control systems. The authors present a way to describe timed Petri Nets with hardware description language. The timed characteristic of Petri Nets is specified by using the sentences of the wait and after in VHDL and simulated with the EDA software. Then the dynamic properties of the system are obtained. That抯 a new approach to analyze timed Petri Nets. It is the basis to the design and circuit implementation of the control systems. Finally an example is presented and shows the correctness of this method.