Summary Aliphatic hydrocarbon distributions in DSDP black shales and green claystones from the North American Basin have been examined by gas chromatography—mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The sediment sequences studied were: (i) black shale and claystone horizons (Callovian-Cenomanian) from the Blake-Bahama Basin (Leg 76, Site 534), and (ii) black shales and associated green claystones (Cenomanian-Turonian) from the US East Coast Continental Rise (Leg 93, Site 603). In both series of black shales, specific biological marker compounds provide evidence for contributions of organic matter from terrestrial, marine and bacterial sources. In addition, several of these geolipid distributions (e.g. hopanoids) are markedly similar for both sequences, indicating some common inputs of organic matter, and comparable diagenetic histories. For the Leg 93 samples, the relatively organic-lean green claystones are found to contain mainly terrigenous marker compounds, in constrast to their interbedded black shales which show a larger contribution from marine sources. All the sediments are immature, with a trend of increasing diagenesis evident from changes in the geolipid distributions down the Leg 76 sequence. One sample, however, is anomalous; its enhanced maturity may be due to an input of reworked, older organic material at the time of deposition.


In this paper, we present and compare two different implementation approaches for a remote shape memory alloy (SMA) experiment development. The remote SMA experiment aims to offer students a hands-on experience in testing and control of an SMA wire actuator via remote laboratory platform. One approach is based on the LabVIEW remote panel and other one is based on a novel unified remote laboratory framework. The new remote SMA experiment based on a novel unified framework is implemented at Texas A&M University at Qatar (TAMUQ) for mechanical engineering teaching. With this new remote experiment, the user can remotely conduct the SMA experiment by using any portable device without installing any plug-in.


The co‐stimulatory molecules ICOS and PD‐1, and their ligands (ICOSL and PD‐L1/PD‐L2 respectively), regulate T cell activation and tolerance in young animals. However, their role in the immune deficiency associated with aging is still unknown. We therefore compared the expression of these molecules in the spleen, lymph nodes and lungs from young and aged mice. In aged mice the expression of PD‐L1 was higher on plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DC), whereas the expression of PD‐L2 was higher on all DC subsets examined. While constitutive levels of ICOS and PD‐1 were more elevated on CD4+ T cells from aged mice, in vitro anti‐CD3‐mediated activation increased both PD‐1 and ICOS expression on young, but not old, CD4+ T cells. Interestingly, the lower proliferation of old T cells was not rescued by ICOS stimulation or blockade of the PD‐1 pathway. PD‐1 or PD‐L1 blockade enhanced IFNγ production by old T cells, but had limited impact on IL‐13 and IL‐17 contrary to what we observed in young T cells. Our data suggest that, despite higher basal ICOS and PD‐1 expression, these pathways may be less efficient at regulating T cell activation in aged animals. This finding could be due to intrinsic defects in the signaling pathways and/or to extrinsic mechanisms of dysregulation, such as the increased number of functional regulatory T cells in aged mice. Supported by AG025149, HL67736, ALA grant to IPL.


Powered by a new leading-edge catalyst technology, DOWLEX GM Linear Low Density Polyethylene Resins (LLDPE) offer Greater Means for customers to achieve differentiated performance and new growth opportunities for a range of demanding film applications. Applications discussed are those primarily in the industrial and consumer packaging applications of consumer liners, collation shrink film, heavy duty shipping sacks, and cast and blown stretch film. Introduction LLDPE resins are produced by the copolymerization of ethylene and longer -olefins or comonomers such as butene, hexene, and octene [1]. Several different processes are used to produce LLDPE resins including the solution and gas phase processes. Additionally, depending on the catalyst and process conditions, a wide range of products can be produced with a diverse set of properties for a host of applications. This paper will focus on a new family of LLDPE resins designed with new leading-edge catalyst technology. DOWLEX GM LLDPE offers Greater Means for customers to achieve differentiated performance and new growth opportunities for a range of demanding film applications. Applications discussed are those primarily in the industrial and consumer packaging application space of consumer liners, collation shrink film, heavy duty shipping sacks, and cast and blown stretch film.


With the rapid development of economy, people's quality of life continues to improve. Ecological garden as a place for people to rest and relax, stiff design and construction is difficult to meet people's aesthetic needs, so we should make full use of traditional cultural elements for landscape design, innovate traditional cultural design concept and text color application, and develop the landscape with traditional cultural characteristics to realize the inheritance and development of Chinese traditional culture. By discussing the value and significance of traditional culture into landscape design, this paper analyzes the practical application of Chinese traditional culture in landscape design, hoping to provide reference for the development of landscape design.


The planar Fabry-Pérot (FP) sensor provides high quality photoacoustic (PA) images but beam walk-off limits sensitivity and thus penetration depth to ≈1 cm. Planoconcave microresonator sensors eliminate beam walk-off enabling sensitivity to be increased by an order-of-magnitude whilst retaining the highly favourable frequency response and directional characteristics of the FP sensor. The first tomographic PA images obtained in a tissue-realistic phantom using the new sensors are described. These show that the microresonator sensors provide near identical image quality as the planar FP sensor but with significantly greater penetration depth (e.g. 2-3cm) due to their higher sensitivity. This offers the prospect of whole body small animal imaging and clinical imaging to depths previously unattainable using the FP planar sensor.


The reaction center from the nonsulfur purple bacteriumRhodobacter sphaeroideshas been crystallized in a new form. The crystals grew in the presence of polyethylene glycol 4000, the detergent β‐octyl glucoside, and the amphiphiles heptane triol and benzamidine hydrochloride, using the sitting drop method. The space group of these crystals is tetragonal, P41(43)212, and the cell constants are a = b = 141.5 Å and c = 276.7 Å with probably 2 proteins per asymmetric unit. A native data set has been set collected to a resolution of 2.8 Å consisting of 56,332 unique reflections (50,731 with F > 2σ) with anRsym of 9.5%. Analysis of the diffraction data is underway using molecular and isomorphous replacement. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


In the 6th century B.C.E., Confucius referred to the ancient Xia dynasty as China9s first, based on documents that were old in his day. For generations of Chinese scholars, the Xia was China9s initial great flowering of civilization, inaugurating a history that unfolded in methodical fashion from city-state to empire (see main text). But there was no physical evidence for the dynasty9s existence, so in 1959 an archaeological team set out to find its seat. Along a marshy section of the Luo River in the central plains of the Yellow River Valley, they uncovered a 300-hectare site dating to roughly the correct period—and promptly hailed it as the long-lost first capital. But did the Xia, said to have flourished from 2100 B.C.E. to 1600 B.C.E., really exist? New, unpublished dates and excavation data from this modest site challenge its status as the capital of the Xia.


3,3,6,6-Tetrabenzyl-1,2,4,5-tetrathiane was prepared in solvent mixture of ether and water using 1,3-diphenyl-2,2-dithiol as raw materials and the yield of this new flavor reached 50.3%. Moreover, the thermal properties of 3,3,6,6-tetrabenzyl-1,2,4,5-tetrathiane were studied by DSC and TG method. The heating temperature ranged from 50℃ to 500℃ at a rate of 10℃/min. The results showed that it should be preserved below 312℃ as it can be oxidized over 312℃ in air. Besides, this flavor was found to be suitable for soup seasoning rather than barbecue.


In company with Scott (2010) and Fearn (2008), the writer fears least education in our field becomes 'a technical training camp for business and industry rather than fulfilling its mission to educate and empower the individual.' All too many of our students will face a rude awakening if through 'pragmatism' they direct their efforts at those subjects 'to which marks are awarded rather than to enjoy the intellectual challenge of investigating a new area which, although it will not be assessed, would enable them to develop their minds as they strive to understand new concepts and ideas' (Scott, 2010). Such 'pragmatists' are in particular danger of ending up as middleaged mediocrities in the job-line. Success will belong to their intellectually richer counterparts who strive to think beyond the boundaries of technical knowledge. The solution is to promote, assess and reward broader striving. The writer advocates literature for this purpose but its use must not be confined to selected aspects of literary theory that can be construed as germane to accounting Accounting Education: an international journal Vol. 19, No. 4, 385–391, August 2010


Although there is an increasing recognition of the impacts of climate change on communities, residents often resist changing their lifestyle to reduce the effects of the problem. By using a landscape architectural design medium, this paper argues that public space, when designed as an ecological system, has the capacity to create social and environmental change and to increase the quality of the human environment. At the same time, this ecological system can engage residents, enrich the local economy, and increase the social network. Through methods of design, research and case study analysis, an alternative master plan is proposed for a sustainable tourism development in Alacati, Turkey. Our master plan uses local geographical, economic and social information within a sustainable landscape architectural design scheme that addresses the key issues of ecology, employment, public space and community cohesion. A preliminary community empowerment model (CEM) is proposed to manage the designs. The designs address: the coexistence of local agricultural and sustainable energy generation; state of the art water management; and the functional and sustainable social and economic interrelationship of inhabitants, NGOs, and local government.


PURPOSE: A razor having a heat-sensitive capsule is provided to enable a user to adjust the temperature of water for shaving by enabling the user to visually check whether water temperature is appropriate for shaving or not. CONSTITUTION: A razor having a heat-sensitive capsule comprises a razor cartridge, a handle, and a heat-sensitive capsule. Multiple razor blades(20) are coupled to the razor cartridge. The handle is coupled to the cartridge. The heat-sensitive capsule is buried in the cartridge or the handle. When the temperature of water is over specific temperature, the color of the heat-sensitive capsule is changed. The heat-sensitive capsule comprises leuco dye, coloring agent, and wax.


BCL-2 inhibition exerts effective pro-apoptotic activities in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but clinical efficacy as a monotherapy was limited in part due to the treatment-induced MCL-1 increase. Triptolide (TPL) exhibits anti-tumor activities in part by upregulating pro-apoptotic BCL-2 proteins and decreasing MCL-1 expression in various malignant cells. We hypothesized that combined BCL-2 inhibition and TPL exert synergistic anti-leukemia activities and prevent the resistance to BCL-2 inhibition in AML. We here report that TPL combined with BCL-2 inhibitor ABT-199 synergistically induced apoptosis in leukemic cells regardless of p53 status through activating the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in vitro. Although ABT-199 or TPL alone inhibited AML growth in vivo, the combination therapy demonstrated a significantly stronger anti-leukemic effect. Mechanistically, TPL significantly upregulated BH3 only proteins including PUMA, NOXA, BID and BIM and decreased MCL-1 but upregulated BCL-2 expression in both p53 wild type and p53 mutant AML cell lines, while the combination decreased both BCL-2 and MCL-1 and further increased BH3 only BCL-2 proteins. MCL-1 and BCL-2 increases associated with respective ABT-199 and TPL treatment and resistance were also observed in vivo. Significantly downregulating MCL-1 and elevating BH3 only proteins by TPL could not only potentially block MCL-1-mediated resistance but also enhance anti-leukemic efficacy of ABT-199. Conversely, BCL-2 inhibition counteracted the potential resistance of TPL mediated by upregulation of BCL-2. The combination further amplified the effect, which likely contributed to the synthetic lethality. This mutual blockade of potential resistance provides a rational basis for the promising clinical application of TPL and BCL-2 inhibition in AML independent of p53 status.

 Carter: Amgen: Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Research Funding; Ascentage: Research Funding.


Submitted for the MAR07 Meeting of The American Physical Society Spontaneous Formation of Lipid Nanotubes and Lipid Nanofibers from Giant Charged Dendrimer Lipids ALEXANDRA ZIDOVSKA, KAI K. EWERT, CYRUS R. SAFINYA, Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, JOEL QUISPE, BRIDGETT CARRAGHER, CLINTON S. POTTER, National Resource for Automated Molecular Microscopy, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla — Liposomes have attracted much scientific interest due to their applications in model cells studies and in drug encapsulation. We report on the discovery of new vesicle phases formed in mixtures of MVLBG2, DOPC and water. MVLBG2 is a newly synthesized highly charged (16+) lipid (K. Ewert et al., JACS, 2006) with giant dendrimer headgroup thus leading to a high spontaneous curvature of the molecule. In combination with zero-curvature DOPC, MVLBG2 exhibits a rich phase diagram showing novel vesicle morphologies such as bones, lipid nanotubes and nanofibers as revealed by differential contrast microscopy (DIC) and cryo-TEM. At the micron scale DIC reveals a new phase consisting of bone-like vesicles. This novel morphology persists down to the nanometer scale as shown by cryo-TEM. The nanotubes are of diameter 10-50 nm, length > 1μm and consist of a single lipid bilayer. A surprising new morphology arises resulting from a spontaneous topological transition from tubes to lipid nanorods. Funded by DOE DE-FG-02-06ER46314, NIH GM-59288, NSF DMR-0503347. Alexandra Zidovska Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara Date submitted: 22 Nov 2006 Electronic form version 1.4


To find evidence of life in the Universe outside our solar system is one of the most compelling and visionary adventures of the 21st century. The technologies to create the telescopes and instruments that will enable this discovery are now within the grasp of mankind. Direct imaging of a very faint planet around a neighboring bright star requires high contrast or a hypercontrast optical imaging system capable of controlling unwanted radiation within the system to one part in ten to the 11th. This paper identifies several physical phenomena that affect image quality in high contrast imaging systems. Polarization induced at curved metallic surfaces and by anisotropy in the deposition process (Smith-Purcell effect) along with beam shifts introduced by the Goos-Hachen effect are discussed. A typical configuration is analyzed, and technical risk mitigation concepts are discussed.


Corticosteroid contact allergy is difficult to diagnose and manage, and its prevalence is somewhere between 0.2% and 5%. In patients with corticosteroid allergy, crossreactions or concomitant sensitizations frequently occur irrespective of Baeck's classification based on molecular configuration. There is also a risk of systemic contact allergic dermatitis due to crossreactivity between topical and systemic corticosteroids. Marietti and colleagues describe the case of an older female with a 30year history of contact allergy to budesonide ointment used for hand eczema. The need for close collaboration between clinicians of different disciplines is accentuated by the unfortunate situation of this patient where a systemic corticosteroid (deflazacort) had been prescribed by a rheumatologist despite her documented allergy. A patch test performed by the authors revealed a strong crossreaction to deflazacort, and her treatment was thus modified to intramuscular methotrexate. This also emphasizes the importance of an extensive allergology workup, from skin testing to drug provocation tests, which may avoid running the risk of developing systemic allergic dermatitis. Marietti R, Tramontana M, Hansel K, et al. A challenging case of contact allergy to corticosteroids: The value of epicutaneous testing not only for etiologic diagnosis but also to prevent severe systemic reactions. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37: e239-e241. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.18658


SIR-In connexion with \our annotation on the above in the Joiiulrnal of August 24 (p. 265). it is appropriate to quote a passage from a letter by m\self in the Journal of March 26, 1938 (p. 698). Speaking of Rous's work on Shope's rabbit tumour I sav: "We have her-e a case in which a particulate virus, in the fulfilment of its destiny inside the epithelial cells of the rabbit: irritates and, stimulates them. causing thereby an increase of their fuinctional activity, which is followed by a multiplication of the cells themselves. At first, owing to the cell proliferation. there is. formed a simple papilloma, which is capable of malignant transformation when more prolonged irritation (the remote' cause) produces a genic mutation, which then becomes the ' proximate' cause of the subsequient permanent malignant state of thecells.... As long as the condition remains in the simple papillomatoLIs stage there is little necrosis of the epithelial cells. therefore little escape of the virus into the tissues, and hence little formationof antibodies against it. With carcinomatous change. however. there is considerable necrosis, considerable escape of the VirsLl,. and. as RoLis has shown. though not in this context. the formation of antibodies against the virus. It should not-be surprising if. after the process of trituration of such a tumour for the puirpose of preparing an emulsion for filtration-inwhich case the liberated virus must come in contact with the antibodies of blood and tissues-a filtrate is obtained which on inoculation is completely inactive." Obviousl this extract has a considerable bearing on some aspects of your discussion. but I confine my remarks to one point. From the information you supply it would seem that one of my suggestions (regarding the presence of antibody in the tumour) has been sLibstantiated.-1 am. etc., Aber-deenl, Atig. 28. J. P. MCGOWAN.


: In individual transport by bike, foot or car, current or future traffic volumes can lead to a delay or to a less pleasant route. The workflow presented in this paper only utilized open data, open source libraries and open standards to determine and provide traffic volumes based on the Internet of Things. A prototypical implementation for Mainz, the capital of Rhineland-Palatinate, shows how the determined traffic can be visualized and highlights the strengths, but also the challenges of the presented approach.


Human body feature extraction based on 2D images provides an efficient method for many applications, e.g. non-contact body size measurements, constructing 3D human model and recognizing human actions. In this paper a systematic approach is proposed to detect feature points of human body automatically from its front and side images. Firstly, an efficient approach for silhouette and contour detection is used to represent the contour curves of a human body shape with Freeman's 8-connected chain codes. The contour curves are considered as a number of segments connected together. Then, a series of feature points on human body are extracted based on the specified rules by measuring the differences between the directions of the segments. In total, 101 feature points with clearly geometric properties (that rather accurately reflect the bump or turning of the contours) are extracted automatically, including 27 points corresponding to the definitions of the landmarks about garment measurements. Finally, the proposed approach was tested on ten human subjects and the entire 101 feature points with specific geography geometrical characteristics were correctly extracted, indicating an effective and robust performance.


This chapter addresses church-state collaboration in the context of 'spiritual national defence'; it compares different views represented in cultural productions on the tragedy of the submarine Kursk, that which sank in the Barents Sea, on 12 August 2000. It suggests that the Russian secular leadership's reluctance to deal with the management of the past, especially concerning the punishment of Stalinist oppressors, is compensated by glorifying victims – here, the seamen of the Kursk – having died on duty, as martyrs. Тhe glorification of martyrs derives from Old Testament theology of blood sacrifice (2 Moses, 24:8), and makes it possible to commemorate Muslim martyrs together with Orthodox Christian ones. Some theologians have claimed that Russia had needed these sacrifices to spiritually wake up in the post-atheist vacuum of values, and that the Russian people had to repent for having abandoned their forefathers' Christian faith. In this line of apologetics of blood sacrifices and need to repent, the New Testament's promise of Jesus's complete purgation and redemption of sin through perfect sacrifice (Matt. 26:28) is not mentioned. My reading elaborates on the commemorative album Everlasting Lamp of Kursk by (then) Hegumen Mitrofan (Badanin) (2010), as well as on the drama film Kursk by Danish director Thomas Vinterberg (2018), whose film illustrates pan-European visions, based implicitly on the New Testament promise.


This paper will present an analysis of energy consumption of the image compressor recommended by The Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS), CCSDS 122.0-B-1, using two different platforms. The first platform will run the algorithm using only the CPU, while the second will use the help of a GPU. Next, two three-dimensional curves can be plotted in terms of rate-distortion-energy. With this, it's possible to compare the energy efficiency of each platform, where gains in number of encoded images can be observed using the help of the GPU (24% more encoded images in some cases). Finally, an analysis including the time expenditure will be made, where gains around 29.1% are observed.


BACKGROUND
 A coronavirus vaccine that works is considered a game-changer in the battle against the unprecedented pandemic. News and social media discussions have been extensively covered the issue of coronavirus vaccines, with a mixture of advocacies, concerns, rumors and conspiracy theories.

 OBJECTIVE
 This study aims to uncover the emerging themes in social media discussions regarding the potential coronavirus vaccines.

 METHODS
 This study employ topic modelling to analyze Tweets related to coronavirus vaccines at the start of the COVID-19 in the United States (February 21 to March 20, 2020). We created a predefined query (e.g., "COVID" AND "vaccine") to extract the tweet text and metadata (number of followers of the Twitter account and engagement metrics based on likes, comments and retweeting) from the Meltwater database. After pre-processing the data, we tested Latent Dirichlet Allocation models with different solutions for identifying topics associated with tweets. The topic model with 20 topics provided the best topic coherence, and each topic was interpreted based on its top associated terms.

 RESULTS
 In total, we analyzed 100,209 tweets related to coronavirus vaccines. The 20 topics were further collapsed based on their similarities, resulting in seven big themes. Our analysis characterized 26.3% of the tweets as News Related to Coronavirus and Vaccine Development, 25.4% as General Discussion and Information Seeking of Coronavirus, 12.9% as Financial Concerns, 12.7% as Venting Negative Emotions, 9.9% as Prayers and Call for Positivity, 8.1 as Efficacy of Vaccine and Treatment and 4.9% as Conspiracies. Different themes demonstrated some changes over time, mostly in a close association with news or events related to the progress of vaccine developments. Users with a large number of followers (also known as key opinion leaders) preferred to discuss the themes of conspiracy theories, efficacy of vaccines and treatments, and financial concerns over other themes. The engagement levels of different themes were similar except for venting negative emotions.

 CONCLUSIONS
 This study concluded that financial concerns emerged as one important concern among the public regarding the potential coronavirus vaccines. The discussions of vaccines considerably mixed with political discussions, which suggests that the issue of coronavirus vaccines is politicized in the US. Only a small proportion of tweets were concerned about conspiracy theories, but their impact can be amplified by key opinion leaders and its relatively higher engagement level with the audiences.

 CLINICALTRIAL
 N.A.


Resumen en: Introduction: The challenge of restoring patient's function that presented some loss of an organ or tissue encourages the Tissue Engineering and Biotechn...


Selection of superior host genotypes in symbiosis with native Bradyrhizobium has been suggested as a means of increasing nitrogen fixation m peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). In this study progeny from a cross of cultivars 'Florigiant' and 'Florunner' inter-mated twice and selected for yield formed the base population. The 44 selected S2,1 families, 'Florigiant' and 'Florunner' were evaluated at two sampling dates at each of two locations for traits indicative of nitrogen fixation. Five families were selected in each of four selection groups — high and low acetylene reduction and high and low plant weight. Selected families were retested in a second year and inter-mated. S2,1 progeny within each selection group were bulked and evaluated for nitrogen-if using characteristics at two 'sampling dates at two locations. After intermating, the mean of the high acetylene reduction group, 62.9 μ/moles C2H4/plant hr, was Significantly greater than the mean of the low acetylene reduction group, 52.5 μmoles C2H4/plant/hr, and of the mid-parent, 55.8 μ/moles C2H4/plant/hr. The associated estimate of realised heritability was 55 ± 08 indicating the response to selection was approximately halt the selection differential and that the distinction between families selected for high and low acetylene redaction was maintained after intermating. However, the realized heritability estimate obtained from the means of the base population and the selected families inbred one generation was .14 ± .06 indicating a failure to maintain distinct groups after one generation of inbreeding. The utility of early generation selection for enhanced N: fixation is, therefore, doubtful in this population.

Selection based on plant weight was not effective. A significant difference in the plant weight means of the high and low plant weight groups was not detected when selections were retested or after inter-mating. Plant weight was not a useful indirect selection criterion for enhanced N2 fixation.


Objective: To verify how the National Policy for Integral Attention to Men's Health is developed in the Basic Health Units in the city of Lajedo-PE, Brazil. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional research was conducted with 27 male users of the Unified Health System and nine primary care nurses from the municipality mentioned above, using a questionnaire. Results: The interviewed men recognize the importance of health services and show satisfaction with the care received at the place, however, the male presence is still scarce in the health units – fact evidenced by the small sample of participants in the survey (27). It was also verified the need for the professional qualification in relation to the nurses' knowledge about the Health Policy of Man. Conclusion: The implementation of that policy was not presented effectively in the city searched, and it was necessary to reformulate strategies and actions in health in order to obtain more expressive results. Keyword: Primary Health Care; Nursing; Men's Health.


In article main principles of physical modelling of process of step processing industrial of sludges drains polluted with organic chemistry, water the ferry or are stated to inert gases. The design of the two-level apparatus in which bottom part the contact devices are located is described, allowing to enter fresh pairs on each step, in the top part of the device of pair organic chemistry concentrate up to 99,9 % of weights. Results of technological calculation of the given scheme, programs PRO-II SIMSCI executed with the help are given.


The software requirements engineering process is a part of a software development process and one of the key processes in software development. The elicitation, analysis, specification and validation of software requirements occur during the requirements engineering process. Use cases are used as a technique for functional system specification. Different notations can be used for a use case specification. In this paper, we present SilabReq Domain Specific Language (SilabReq DSL) for use case specification. On the one hand, we develop this language to describe the use cases in clear and precise way through the meta-model, and on the other hand to specify the use cases to be readable and understandable for all stakeholders in the software development project. This allows us to develop different transformations to get the structure and the behavior of the system from defined use cases. In this paper apart from the SilabReq DSL, we present some of these transformations.


There are two distinct pleasures in coming onboard as coeditor of Theatre Journal. The most frequently bruited is the opportunity proactively to help lead and shape the field by selecting and editing special topic issues that prompt new thinking, open new areas of inquiry, or revisit old ones from new perspectives. Thus recent special issues have focused on Asian and Russian theatre, introduced new ways of thinking about digital media and performance, probed the intersection between popular culture and theatre history, and revisited theatrical interculturalism, feminism, and contemporary women playwrights. A very different and less interventionist kind of pleasure, however, is to be had from witnessing the shifting contours of the field as it is represented by the myriad of unsolicited submissions that arrive in our inboxes weekly. I began my work as coeditor only in August 2011, but in the months since then I have read historical essays, theoretical essays, philosophical essays, polemical essays, analytical essays, surveys, close readings, feminist essays, queer essays, queer feminist essays, polemical philosophical surveys, historico-theoretico-critical essays, and essays of enough other kinds and categories to make Polonius cringe. And these essays have covered what feels to me to be an unprecedented number of historical, geographical, and theatrical sites of performance, from one-person shows presented to oneperson audiences to vast hotels and warehouses for perambulating crowds, and from Asia to Africa, South America to furthest Ireland, Scotland, and the First Nations of what is now called Canada. Not all of these submissions were appropriate for Theatre Journal, but taken together, they do represent what folks in the field we collectively toil are up to.


A component error analysis was performed to relate the accuracy of measured values of dry bulb temperature and relative humidity to errors in calculated dew point temperature. Dew point temperature errors were found to be greatest for dryer air (less than about 50% relative humidity) and to increase proportionately with dry bulb temperature. Error calculations for various combinations of dry bulb temperature, relative humidity, and measurement errors in each variable which are representative of current commercial sensors, are provided in tabular format. The magnitude of dew point errors from these calculations suggests that modern applications such as automated weather stations can have significant errors in computed dew point temperature, and even for very accurate sensors the dew point error can exceed twice the magnitude of the dry bulb sensor error for dryer conditions.


Sarcasm could be a linguistic development during which individuals state the other of what they really mean. It is a vicinity of opinion mining that is studied so that the various sentiments will be analyzed and worked upon. Sarcasm detection could be a difficult task, even for humans whereas while speaking with each other different body languages are involved due to which it becomes easy to identify sarcasm in the statement. However, just in case of the text information, this body languages are missing thus the sarcasm detection task becomes complicated or difficult. Because the use of social media is inflated the degree of knowledge being generated is growing drastically. With such high volumes of knowledge being generated variety of challenges additionally comes into image. In this work, the text is used to determine the sarcasm. Firstly, the text is preprocessed then the feature choice is employed to mechanically or manually choose those options that contribute most to our prediction variable. Nextly, the classification is completed during which Random Forest, Naive Bayes classification algorithm will be used to classify the text. Primarily, based upon whether or not the statement contains the positive or negative words the sarcasm detection procedure will be carried out.


A frequency estimation method was presented for weak sinusoidal signal embedded in chaotic 'noise' based on parameter variation chaotic synchronization which one filtered driving variable is used to drive response chaotic system.Because the error data series between drive and response signal has only little chaotic interference and has the sinusoidal signal.Using the cross-spectral MUSIC method to estimate the sinusoidal frequency in the error data.The method is suit for the situation where noises are mixture of strong chaotic noise and white noise.


Domain Generalization (DG) requires a model to learn a hypothesis from multiple distributions that generalizes to an unseen distribution. Recent explorations show that, for neural networks, the choice of hyper-parameters and model architecture significantly affects DG performance, and making the right choice is non-trivial. In this paper, we show evidence suggesting that the models that perform better at DG, might be implicitly learning a low dimensional representation in the feature space. Furthermore, we take forward this idea and employ explicit feature learning to improve DG. To this end, we propose a DG specific supervised contrastive loss. We show how this performance improvement correlates to reduced dimensionality of the representation. Our work establishes new state-of-the-art on five different DG benchmarks, compared against over two dozen existing approaches in DomainBed. We show how this performance improvement correlates to reduced dimensionality of the representation.


The motion estimation of facial paralysis is a key technique for the diagnosis and evaluation of incipient facial paralysis. In this paper, a novel method is developed to implement the motion estimation of incipient facial paralysis based on GAOF (Optical Flow Method based on Genetic Algorithm). Using this method, the motion vector distribution, features and dynamic pattern were assessed from the dynamic facial image sequences, allowing diagnosis of the site of incipient facial paralysis and assess progression or recovery profiles of patients. Experimental results of some normal and abnormal subjects are reported verifying that this method is effective in the determination of the sites of incipient facial paralysis and quantitative evaluation of recovery process. Compared with other methods, this approach has more advantages such as objectivity, accuracy and convenience for dynamic patterns.


The paper reviews the various methods and tourism development proxy variables used to measure the impact of tourism on economic growth. The growth decomposition methodology is employed with data for 174 countries for the years 2000-2010 to measure the impact of tourism on a country-by-country basis. Tourism's contribution to economic growth is highest in Africa, Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean. It is slightly negative in Europe, North America and Oceania. The paper also investigates the factors that influence tourism's contribution to growth. Results show that tourism's contribution to growth is higher in economies with higher share of tourism in GDP. The implications and limitations of the growth decomposition methodology are also discussed.


From the view of historical materialism,if party w ants to lead the people to promote social progress and development,the party mus t ,from beginning to end,represent the requirement of development of advanced prod uctive forces,in the practice of social developmpent the party must pay attentio n to the position and function of ideological and cultural field and in the revo lution and construction the party must treat the interests of the overwhelming m ajorty of the people as the highest value.The details for the important thought of "the Three Reperesents" must be worked into the values of the contemporary communists of China.


In this article we propose the EcoPrinting technology, which aims at a near zero carbon foot print means of recycling waste polymers into functional, working products. To achieve this goal, we demonstrate a nanogrid device by which solar energy can be stored in a modest sized battery system and use this to power instrumentation for melt extrusion of waste polymers into 3D printer filaments. We then use this filament in a modified 3D printer system to manufacture functional humanitarian aid components such as water seals and pipe connectors. We investigate the feasibility of the EcoPrinting principal using ABS and HDPE plastics, while evaluating and optimizing enabling device energy consumption and manufacturing performance. We conclude that the EcoPrinting principal is possible and functional devices can be manufactured with mechanical integrity equivalent to commercially available components. We finally demonstrate that EcoPrinting can be used as a tool for humanitarian use, realizing a manufacturing paradigm that is self-sufficient and potentially capable of addressing challenges of plastic proliferation in developing nations.


In this paper, an effective synthetic aperture radar image segmentation method is proposed. Gaussian mixture models optimized by Greedy Expectation Maximization algorithm are applied. The immune genetic algorithm is employed to initialize Greedy Expectation Maximization algorithm and search the optimal values in the whole range, instead of general k-means algorithm, which is different from the traditional algorithm. Experimental results show our method can get better results for target segmentation. It can effectively segment the object from SAR images and inhibit speckle noise.


The results of a comprehensive study of photovoltaic module structural support concepts for photovoltaic central power stations and their associated costs are presented. The objective of the study has been the identification of structural cost drivers. Parametric structural design and cost analyses of complete array systems consisting of modules, primary support structures, and foundations were performed. Area related module cost was found to be constant with design, size, and loading. A curved glass module concept was evaluated and found to have the potential to significantly reduce panel structural costs. Conclusions of the study are: array costs do not vary greatly among the designs evaluated; panel and array costs are strongly dependent on design loading; and the best support configuration is load dependent


Abstract : The role of passivation kinetics, film ductility, and tarnish film formation in stress corrosion cracking were each examined in the following studies: (1) Ellipsometry measurements of film growth kinetics on iron have been made for two anions whose solution cause stress cracking of steel (nitrate and hydroxide) and two that do not (chloride and nitrite). (2) A technique has been developed to measure film ductility directly. This technique couples an ellipsometer with a tensile machine. Thin films on Ta show a ductility of 3-4% in the presence and absence of F(-), an ion thought to decrease ductility. (3) Pure copper forms tarnish films in cupric acetate and sulfate solutions. It is susceptible to stress corrosion cracking in cupric acetate solution. In the absence of stress, oxide forms all over the copper surface, while stress concentrates oxide formation at the grain boundaries. These experiments point ot a brittle-film rupture mechanism of stress cracking.


The present investigation entitled "Studies on genetic analysis & character association in different genotypes of Onion (Allium cepa L.)" was conducted at Horticulture Complex, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, J.N.K.V.V., Jabalpur (M.P.) during the year 20142015. The experimental materials for the present investigation was comprised of 31 genotypes of onion were transplant on plot size 3.0 m x 2.0 m in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications, to estimate the genetic variability and association analysis (Correlation and Path coefficient). The row and plant spacing was maintained at 15 cm and 10 cm respectively and each plot accommodated 400 plants. Observations were recorded on the basis of five random competitive plants selected from each genotype separately for quantitative and qualitative parameters were evaluated as per standard procedure. The main objectives were in investigation first one to estimate the genetic variability, heritability & genetic advance in genotypes of onion. Second to find out the correlation and path coefficients analysis between yield and its attributing characters and third to identify better performing genotypes in Onion. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant difference among the genotypes for all the characters studied. The variation was the highest for total bulb yield q ha followed by marketable yield q ha, incidence percentage of stemphyllium blight disease, bulb yield plant, incidence percentage of thrips, unmarketable yield q ha, C grade bulbs percentage, plant height at 90 DAT, plant height at 60 DAT, B grade bulbs percentage, days to maturity, bolter bulbs percentage, plant height at 30 DAT, double bulbs, A grade bulbs percentage, number of leaves plant at 90 DAT, total soluble solid, polar diameter, equatorial diameter, number of leaves plant at 60 DAT, number of leaves plant at 30 DAT, neck thickness and polar: equatorial of bulb. The PCV was higher than the GCV for all the characters .High PCV and GCV was observed for B grade bulbs, unmarketable bulb yield q ha, marketable bulb yield q ha, total bulb yield q ha and bulb yield plant, indicating greater diversity for these traits and their further improvement through selection. High heritability supplemented with high genetic advance as percentage of mean was manifested by bulb yield plant and total yield q ha, suggested that they can be improved through direct selection. The association studies indicated that the advantages of upgrading onion genotypes through simultaneous selection for equatorial diameter, followed by polar diameter, number of leaves plant at 90 DAT, neck thickness, plant height at 90 DAT and TSS. Path coefficient analysis revealed that polar diameter had the highest positive direct effect followed by plant height at 60 DAT, TSS, plant height at 90 DAT, number of leaves plant at 90 DAT and polar: equatorial were the most important characters contributing towards bulb yield plant and hence purposeful and balanced selection based on these characters would be made rewarding for improvement of Onion. Direct selection of equatorial diameter, neck thickness, days to maturity, number of leaves plant at 30 DAT, number of leaves plant at 60 DAT and plant height at 30 DAT should be avoided instead of indirect selection. The highest production observed in genotype OSR–1344 (351.92 q ha) and Agrifound Light Red (ALR) (309.87 q ha). These showed bolting resistance i.e. (0.00%). Low incidence percentage of stemphylium blight was found in genotype ON14-06 (7.33 %) and low incidence percentage of thrips was found in genotype ON14-15 (16.33 %). Considerable variability was observed among the genotypes for foliage character, bulb shape, bulb colour and bolting tendency. Foliage colour in green onion and shape and colour of onion bulb are most important characteristics to help customers in choosing cultivars on the market. Part I of Abstract 1 Title of the thesis : "Studies on genetic analysis & character association in different genotypes of onion (Allium cepa L.)" 2 Student Name (Full) : Pritibala Solanki Postal Address (Permanent) : VillageKolgaon TehshilBetul DistBetul (M.P.) Pin 460001 3 E-mail and contact number : firstname.lastname@example.com Mobile No. 8989516112 4 Advisor Name : Dr. P. K. Jain Address (Office) : Department of Horticulture E-mail and contact number : email@example.com


Abstract The vapor extraction (VAPEX) process warrants the oil industry attention because of its applicability to recover viscous oil in the cases when steam assisted gravity drainage fails due to the presence of bottom water aquifer, low heat conductivity, thin pay zone, and excessive heat losses to the adjacent formations. Dilution of heavy oil and thus lowering the viscosity, density, interfacial tension, and capillary pressure is regarded as the basic mechanism of the VAPEX process. Although researchers have studied many influencing factors on oil recovery in VAPEX, the effect of capillary pressure has never been studied or understood completely. The objective of this study is to explore the effects of capillary pressure in the VAPEX process by combining experimental results with simulation studies. Extensive experimental studies are conducted in a rectangular transparent visual cell. Grain size distribution and model height are kept constant, while the viscosity of the targeted oil is varied. Capillary pressure and relative permeability data are obtained from flooding experiments to utilize in the simulator. Analysis of results reveals that capillary pressure acts in favor of the VAPEX process by shaping up the vapor chamber, reducing free gas production and also increasing drainage rate by increasing the effective contact area for molecular diffusion.


Past studies have shown a very general statement of the relationship between emotions and language learning. However, the differences relationships between positive emotions and negative emotions with learning ability remains unclear. This review paper is going to classify positive emotions and negative emotions respectively, and their relationship with each other and language learning ability is discussed in depth. At the same time, differences and similarities between them are compared respectively and presented t o the public in a clear form. At the same time, it analyzes the reason why language learning ability is related to emotion. The study shows that there is a positive relationship between positive emotions and language learning ability and negative emotions tend to negatively relate to the learning ability in normal situations. However, it will also hurt language learning to some extent in the extreme state of positive emotion. On the contrary, negative emotions maintained at an appropriate level will also be positively related to learning ability. Based on the result the study found, if students learn to control their emotions, they will greatly improve their efficiency in language learning.


Heart failure is characterized by sustained sympathoexcitation and deteriorating cardiac function. We have recently shown that excessive redox signaling in the PVN contributes to these changes, however the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that chronic oxidative stress in the PVN causes activation of the redox‐sensitive transcription factor Activator Protein 1 (AP‐1) following MI. To test this, C57 mice were given bilateral PVN injections of adenoviruses encoding firefly luciferase downstream of AP‐1 (AdAP1‐Luc) in combination with either the ROS scavenger superoxide dismutase (AdSOD) or control (AdLacZ). Two wks after gene transfer, mice underwent MI (LAD ligation) or sham surgery and measurement of AP‐1 activation for 6 weeks by in vivo bioluminescence. MI caused a significant increase in AP‐1 activation in the PVN between 1 and 2 wks post‐ligation (AdLacZ 181018 ± 45474 vs. sham 73036 ± 12462 photons/sec; n=5, p<0.05). Interestingly, MI‐induced AP‐1 activation was abolished in MI mice treated with AdSOD (79314 ± 12375 photons/sec, p<0.05, n=5). Echocardiography at 2wks post‐MI showed significantly reduced ejection fractions in LacZ‐treated mice (23±3% vs 57±4%, p<0.05, n=5) which was markedly improved with AdSOD treatment (43±6%, p<0.05, n=5). These data suggest that ROS‐mediated activation of AP‐1 in the PVN may contribute to decreased cardiac function after MI.


Summary form only given.Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) is caused by the random birefringence present in optical fibers. In this paper we have determined the differential group delay (DGD) distribution for arbitrary distances with a realistic birefringence model. First of all, we have shown that, for a fiber correlation length that is much larger than the beat length, the Fokker-Planck equation governing the evolution of the probability density function is independent of any parameters. In addition, by numerically solving this equation, we have shown that the probability density function for the DGD approaches a Maxwellian distribution asymptotically, and that significant deviations between the actual and asymptotic distributions are present over large distances.


Background A low–fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyol (FODMAP) diet (LFD) appeared to improve gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). However, evidence of its efficacy in Asia remains scarce. Objectives This study aims to investigate the clinical effectiveness of LFD intervention among Asian IBS patients and barriers to its adherence. Methods Patients with IBS who were instructed to follow LFD by dietitians at a tertiary hospital in Singapore between July 2013 and December 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Severity scores of 19 gastrointestinal symptoms were recorded using an 11-point rating scale (0 = "no symptoms," 10 = "extremely severe") pre- and post-LFD intervention. Adherence to LFD was assessed based on patients' diet history and a high-FODMAP food checklist. Results Eighty-two patients with a median follow-up of 5.8 weeks were investigated. The LFD adherence rate was 61.0% (n = 50). Overall, statistically significant improvement was observed in 14 of 19 gastrointestinal symptoms (median difference = −2.0 to −0.5, p < .05). The proportion of patients who had improvement in 10 individual symptoms (defined as ≥1 point reduction in symptom severity rating) was significantly higher in LFD-adherent patients (67.5%–82.4%) than that of the non-adherent group (27.8%–55.0%). Reasons reported for non-adherence included "limited availability of low-FODMAP alternatives" (n = 9), "limited understanding of LFD" (n = 7), and "perceived lack of benefit" (n = 4). Conclusions LFD intervention improved gastrointestinal symptoms in a cohort of Asian IBS patients. Limited access to low-FODMAP alternatives was the main barrier to adherence.


In everyday practice, the university has a task of shaping the intellect and developing the mental culture of students. The creative and active character of a person's personality is manifested and shaped in the process of exteriorization and expression. Based on the concept of language and thinking, attention should be paid to the particular importance of verbal expression. The basis here is the hypothesis that thought is realized in a word. As we develop a language, we also increase opportunities for externalization and improvement of thought. The article emphasizes values of verbal expression and its role in the personal experience and assimilation of the world, in shaping creative attitudes. The author recommends linking creative work of neophilology students to the mastery of a foreign language with the formation of their intellect and humanistic attitudes. Such conditions enabling, on the one hand, the improvement and enrichment of language skills and, on the other hand, free expression of one's thoughts are created by learning based on the technique of free text developed by French educator C. Freinet. The article shows how the technique of free text can not only be an auxiliary element, but can become a starting point and crucial issue in the work on the practical mastery of a foreign language and intellectual development of students, as well as how to anchor the improvement of language skills in intelligence, dynamics and expression of future language teachers.


the Impurity profiling is the process of acquiring and evaluating data that establishes biological safety of an individual impurity. There is no clear definition for impurity in the pharmaceutical world. Impurity profiling includes identification, structure elucidation and quantitative determination of impurities and degradation products in bulk drug materials and pharmaceutical formulations. Impurity profiling has gained importance in modern pharmaceutical analysis due to the fact that unidentified, potentially toxic impurities are hazardous to health and in order to increase the safety of drug therapy, impurities should be identified and determined by selective methods. Identification of impurities is done by variety of Chromatographic and Spectroscopic techniques, either alone or in combination with other techniques. The advent of hyphenated techniques has revolutionized impurity profiling, by not only separation but structural identification of impurities as well. The present review covers various aspects related to the analytical method development for impurity profiling of an active pharmaceuticals. Impurity profiling encounters problems in bulk drugs since it assists in enhancing bulk drug quality ultimately benefiting patient.


ultivated rye, Secale cereale, was crossed with all 4 wild species of the genus. It crosses readily with S. montanum, S. africanum, and S. vavilovii, but crossability of S. cereale and S. silvestre is extremely low. Meiosis in the hybrid S. cereale x silvestre is characterized by high frequency of univalents at metaphase I, reduced chiasma frequency at metaphase I, high frequency of PMC's with unequal separations and laggards at anaphase I and II, high frequency of microspores with micronuclei, and extremely low pollen fertility. These abnormalities occurred less frequently in other hybrids, and consequently the pollen fertility is fairly high: 19.1% in the hybrid S. cereale x vavilovii and 31.3% and 31.8%, respectively, in the hybrids S. cereale x montanum and S. cereale x africanum. An interesting cytogenetic feature of all these hybrids, however, was the formation of a translocation configuration of 6 chromosomes at metaphase I of meiosis. In the hybrid, S. cereale x silvestre, a translocation configuration of 8 chromosomes was observed in a few cells. It is evident, therefore, that the genome of S. cereale differs from the genomes of wild species by 2 translocations. Another small translocation may differentiate S. cereale and S. silvestre, in addition. Thus, on the basis of chromosome arrangements, no particular wild species is most likely to be ancestral to S. cereale. Similarly, Stutz's hypothesis of hybrid origin of S. cereale seems highly improbable. After considering ecological preferences, breeding habits, geographical distribution, morphological and cytological affinities of wild species and cultivated rye, it is concluded that S. cereale evolved from S. montanum as a result of progressive cytological and morphological differentiation and that this differentiation was facilitated, probably, by adaptive superiority of translocation heterozygotes and rearrangement homozygotes.


Sintering behavior,microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of Ba1+x(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3(-0.01≤x≤0.01) were investigated.An improvement of the degree of 1∶2 ordering and sinterability was found in Ba-deficient Ba(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 because there existed Ba vacancies.Excessive Ba inhibits the sintering and the degree of 1∶2 ordering.It was proposed that excessive Ba exist in grain boundary and inhibit the movement of grain boundary.Therefore,the sintering was restrained.Ba-deficiency had little effect on dielectric constant of Ba(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics.With Ba-deficiency increasing,Qf value decreased drastically.


Concerning the heat treatment of defatted soybean flour, the fitness of water dispersibility of protein as a criterion of the degree of denaturation has been investigated. Denaturation was measured by the change of susceptibility of the protein in water extract of the flour to protease action of Aspergillus sojae before and after heat treatment. It was found that the decrease of water dispersibility did not always run paralell with denaturation. The dispersibility method was applicable only to flours autoclaved for a definite period which varied according to tem


protective sheath against radiation, in particular of the electric field generated by electric cables (1, 2, 3) extending inside the sheath, said sheath enclosing or designed to enclose at least one cable neutral (1), one ground cable (2) and one phase cable (3) connected to the electrical distribution network, and comprising an outer layer (4) of electrically insulating plastics material which covers an inner layer (5) in electrically conductive, means being provided for connecting the layer (5) of electrically conductive material to an electrical conductor (7) to be grounded, characterized in that the conductor (7), intended to be connected to ground is a thread (7), wholly or partially of electrically conductive material extending within the sheath over the entire length thereof, which is in electrical contact over at least a portion of its length, with the c ouche interior (5) of electrically conductive material.


Context. Galaxy groups provide the means for a great diversity of studies that contribute to a better understanding of the structure of the universe on a large scale and allow the properties of galaxies to be linked to those of the host halos. However, the identification of galaxy systems is a challenging task and therefore it is necessary to improve the techniques involved as much as possible.
Aims. In view of the large present and forthcoming galaxy catalogues, we propose, implement, and evaluate an algorithm that combines the two most popular techniques used to identify galaxy systems. The algorithm can be easily applied to any spectroscopic galaxy catalogue, but here we demonstrate its use on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey.
Methods. Assuming that a galaxy group is a gravitationally bounded system that has at least one bright galaxy, we begin by identifying groups with a friends-of-friends algorithm adapted to fit this definition. In view of the shortcomings of this method, particularly the lack of ability to identify low-number groups, and consequently the inability to study the occupation of halos throughout the mass range, we improve it by adding a halo-based procedure. To assess the performance, we construct a mock catalogue from a semi-analytical model to compare the groups identified using our method with those obtained from the simulation.
Results. The comparison of groups extracted using our method with those of a mock catalogue shows that the proposed algorithm provides excellent results. The modifications introduced to the friends-of-friends algorithm in the first part of the procedure to fit the adopted group definition gave reliable groups. Furthermore, incorporation of the halo-based method reduces the interlopers while more accurately reproducing the number of galaxies per group. As a specific application, we use the algorithm to extract groups from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey.


As experienced faculty retire, nurses with extensive clinical knowledge and experience, but little experience as educators, will take their place. Many of these novices will feel overwhelmed by the amount of material that must be imparted to their students. Faced with the exhilarating opportunity to educate the next generation of nurses, many will ask, What part of the material can be omitted when all of it is so very important? As seasoned faculty members, we have considered a variety of ways to help our newer colleagues streamline the selection of content to be included in a lesson plan. This idea for organizing content is based on categories in the NCLEX[R] examination. A study of the NCLEX examination test questions assigned to Client Needs subcategories can be used as a foundation for prioritizing content to present to nursing students. A glance at the categories in the Table reveals that most time should be directed toward reduction of risk potential and physiological adaptation related to physiological integrity issues. The next areas of importance are management of care, growth and development, and basic care and comfort. These five areas, which account for 45 to 75 percent of the examination content, need to be addressed within the materials presented to students. Other content areas, while valuable, could be relegated to postconferences or assignments when classroom delivery time becomes an issue. To assist the novice faculty member in understanding what materials fall under each category, the National Council of State Boards of Nursing has designated multiple areas of related content that can be accessed online (1). The faculty member needs to remember that this related content includes, but is not limited to, the areas listed. The list provides a beginning place for faculty members who are struggling with what and how much to include in their classroom presentation and assignments. After gaining an understanding of these NCLEX categories, the faculty member should carefully look at assigned topics and content and make a list of related concepts. It is then time to study the textbooks used in the course and locate related content. Textbooks use headers for the key aspects of the material presented in each chapter. Each header can be assigned to one of the NCLEX categories and prioritized based on NCLEX percentages. Most of us teach as we were taught. As a result, lectures continue to be the principal method for imparting content to beginning nursing students. Although lectures have the "reputation of being abused," Grieve tells us, "Do not hesitate to use this technique. …


The University of Maryland at Baltimore was awarded a grant from the Department of Energy to test a specially modified incinerator to burn biomedical radioactive waste. In preparation for the incinerator, the Radiation Safety Office devised a comprehensive plan for its safe and effective use. The incinerator plan includes a discussion of regulations regarding on-site incineration of radioactive waste, plans for optimum use in burning four principal waste forms, controlled air incineration technology, and standard health physics safety practices; a use plan, including waste categorization and segregation, processing, and ash disposition; safety procedures, including personnel and area monitoring; and methods to evaluate the incinerator's effectiveness by estimating its volume reduction factors, mass and activity balances, and by determining the cost effectiveness of incineration versus commercial shallow land burial.


The technology for decoloration of exopolysaccharide from Pleurotus geesteranus was explored. Decolorization effect of activated carbon dosage,decolorization time,decolorization temperature and pH were studied with the decolorization rate and exopolysaccharide retention rate as indexes. Based on the single factor,orthogonal experiment was performed to select the best condition for the decoloration of exopolysaccharide from Pleurotus geesteranus as follows: activated carbon dosage 1. 6%,decolorization time 70 min,decolorization temperature70℃ and pH3. The decolorization rate was 80. 5%,and the retention rate of exopolysaccharide was 84. 8% under the decoloration conditions. The optimized method can be suitabl for the decolorization of exopolysaccharide from Pleurotus geesteranus.


Earnest money is presumed to be dissoluble money, according to §565 of Korean civil law. On the other hand, the Korean Supreme Court has recognized the earnest money stipulated in §398 as liquidated damages or penalty, in case there is an agreement between two parties. The agreement is that breaching contract, the deliverer of sale gives up earnest money, while the receiver repays as double money as earnest money. But I think that such judicial interpretation on earnest money is unreasonable. As long as the Supreme Court recognizes earnest money stipulated in 398 as liquidated damages, obligee may not claim damages additionally even though his damage is high.
In Korea, a buyer used to pay the price for purchase in three instalments, called as first money (earnest money), middle money, and last money respectively. The legal position of the buyer becomes more secure, when he pays up to middle money. He may become the owner of the property, when the last money is paid. The buyer may relieve himself of his obligee by depositing in court, and then become the owner of the property by its registration, if the seller is unable to accept or refuses the last money. In such circumstances, if the seller transfers the right of the property to other buyer, the first buyer should be able to claim damages in Lieu of performance. But the Supreme Court has not recognized the claim of damages in Lieu of performance, but only of damages in tort. Such judgement of the Court may not be in harmony with custom and litigation economy in some cases. The legal fate of earnest money as dissoluble money, and as liquidated money or penalty is often simultaneous in our custom of transaction. First of all, this paper treats legal interpretation regarding such problems and the desirable policy of legislation of §398(2) as related matters.
On the other hand, penalty in contract may be claimed regardless of taking place of obligee's damage. Therefore, it may often make double profits for obligee. I think that it is, moreover, contrary to the principle of nulla poena sine lege and legal system of modem ages divided into the civil law and the criminal law. In my opinion, there is not inconvenience without it in our legal life. Secondly, this paper deals with the desirable policy of legislation of §39S(4) regarding this problem.
My conclusion related to interpretation is as follows:
The legal fate of earnest money as dissoluble money according to §565, and as liquidated damages or penalty according to §398 may be simultaneous.
And I suggest that it is desirable for 39S to be amended as follows:
§39S(2) : Where the amount of damages determined in advance is unduly high or low, the court may deduce or increase the amount to a more reasonable and proper sum.
§398(4) : The agreement of a penalty is deemed to be determined in advance of the amount of damages.


The effect of coupling of advanced oxidation and flocculation with Fe2+-H2O2 reagent on algae-pollution removal was studied.The results showed that,when the raw water pH was 7.8,the removal rate of algae cells and organisms by Fe2+-H2O2 could be above 90%.The removal of algae-pollution by Fe2+-H2O2 was obtained mainly based on the efficient coupling of the effects of·OH free radical oxidation and flocculation of middle Fe3+ complexes.The removal of algae cells was mainly controlled by flucculation effect,while the removal of organic pollutant of the metabolism was mainly controlled by oxidation of ·OH free radical.


We present new linear-stability criteria for the Thermal Adaptive Implicit Method (TAIM) for thermal multiphasic compositional displacement. The analysis is applied to the mass and energy equations. Moncorge and Tchelepi's work (2009) is based on the assumption of divergence-free total velocity, and accounts for compressibility effects. Our analysis shows that the criteria proposed do not guarantee oscillation-free numerical solutions in case of displacement that involves steep temperature and saturation fronts. We derive new criteria that result from the analysis of a simplified coupled pressure-temperature linearized system, obtained by decoupling from saturations and compositions unknowns. The new criteria explains instabilities that were undetected by the previous analysis. Moreover, we demonstrate through scaling analysis and numerical examples that for most problems of practical interest, a simple temperature stability criterion obtained by assuming incompressible multiphase flow is quite robust. The relationship between the full and simplified stability criteria is analyzed in detail. The methodology is demonstrated using several thermal-compositional examples, including Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage.


Objective:To evaluate the value of sBTFE/3D/NAVI sequence for MR coronary angiography under free breathing.Methods:Free breathing real time navigator three-dimensional MR coronary angiography (sBTFE/3D/NAVI) was performed in twenty healthy volunteers for right and left coronary artery (CA) respectively.The images of major CA were acquired after post-processing with maximum intensity projection (MIP) technique.The rate of detection,length,signal intensities as well as the signal-noise ratio (SNR) of CA and myocardium were evaluated.Results:Free breathing real time navigator three-dimensional MR coronary angiography was successfully performed in all cases.The rate of displaying right CA,main trunk and anterior descending branches of left CA were 100%,of left circumflex branch were 90% (18 cases) respectively.The SNR of CA was 37.35±6.32;of myocardial tissue was 20.23±7.25 respectively,with significant statistical differences (P0.01).Conclusion:Free breathing real time navigator three-dimensional MR coronary angiography is a non-invasive technique with high success rate and SNR,which is very helpful for patients impossible for breath-holding.


Alterations in specific signal transduction pathways may explain the increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines seen in inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis. We reveal increased TNF-α protein expression, but similar TNF-α mRNA levels, in lesional compared with nonlesional psoriatic skin, demonstrating for the first time that TNF-α expression in lesional psoriatic skin is regulated posttranscriptionally. Increased levels of activated MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) together with increased MK2 kinase activity were found in lesional compared with nonlesional psoriatic skin. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that activated MK2 was located in the basal layers of the psoriatic epidermis, whereas no positive staining was seen in nonlesional psoriatic skin. In vitro experiments demonstrated that both anisomycin and IL-1β caused a significant activation of p38 MAPK and MK2 in cultured normal human keratinocytes. In addition, TNF-α protein levels were significantly up-regulated in keratinocytes stimulated with anisomycin or IL-1β. This increase in TNF-α protein expression was completely blocked by the p38 inhibitor, SB202190. Transfection of cultured keratinocytes with MK2-specific small interfering RNA led to a significant decrease in MK2 expression and a subsequent significant reduction in the protein expression of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8, whereas no change in the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was seen. This is the first time that MK2 expression and activity have been investigated in an inflammatory disease such as psoriasis. The results strongly suggest that increased activation of MK2 is responsible for the elevated and posttranscriptionally regulated TNF-α protein expression in psoriatic skin, making MK2 a potential target in the treatment of psoriasis.


The combined use of interleukin‐1β and tumor necrosis factor–α blockers in the peritransplant period has improved outcomes of total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TPIAT). However, these drugs may suppress the immune system, resulting in severe infection.


Think-Write-Pair-Share (TWPS) is a cooperative learning technique which introduced the idea of 'wait or think' time, a powerful factor in improving students' responses to questions. Although the effectiveness of cooperative learning is widely known, few studies have been conducted using TWPS especially at tertiary level ESL writing classrooms. This study investigated the effects of using TWPS on Malaysian tertiary students' writing performance and investigated their perceptions on the implementation of the technique in their writing lessons. A mixed method design was employed using both quantitative and qualitative data collection approaches. Data was collected from an experimental study (n=80) and semi-structured interviews (n=10). After receiving TWPS training, students from the experimental group displayed statistically significant improvement in test scores, and higher than those of the control group. Students' responses illustrated that cooperative learning enhanced students' learning experience, individual accountability, motivation as well as improved writing skills. Research findings suggest that TWPS should be considered as a promising technique in improving ESL tertiary students' performance in writing.
KEYWORDS: Think-Write-Pair-Share, cooperative learning, writing, ESL


The suitability of [2,2,4,4-(2)H(4)]sarsasapogenone (1b), [2,2,4,4-(2)H(4)]sarsasapogenin (2b), and [2,2,4,4-(2)H(4)]episarsasapogenin (3b) as isotopically labeled dosing substrates to determine the levels of free and conjugated sapogenins present in feces from sheep grazing saponin-containing plants implicated in the development of ovine heptagenous photosentization diseases was investigated. A 1:4 mixture of [2,2,4,4-(2)H(4)]sarsasapogenin (2b) and [2,2,4,4-(2)H(4)]episarsasapogenin (3b), obtained by reduction of [2,2,4,4-(2)H(4)]sarsasapogenone (1b), was found to retain 94% of incorporated deuterium, when dosed to one sheep. The recovery of the dosed mixture of genins 2b and 3b was calculated to be 85%. Considerable loss of deuterium and a lower recovery of genin material were observed when [2,2,4,4-(2)H(4)]sarsasapogenone (1b) was dosed.


We report on the synthesis and crystal structure of a higher ammoniate of BF3NH3, the monammine trifluorido boron(III) ammonia (1/3), [BF3NH3]·3NH3. The neutral compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pna21 with a = 11.5062(2), b = 9.9888(2), c = 6.5846(1) A, V = 756.79(2) A3, and Z = 4, forming a complex three-dimensional network through N–H···F and N–H···N hydrogen bonding, including the rare case of a trifurcated N–H···F hydrogen bond. A higher ammoniate of SiF4(NH3)2 was obtained and characterized for the first time. Diammine tetrafluorido silicon(IV) ammonia(1/2), [SiF4(NH3)2]·2NH3, was found to crystallize in the orthorhombic space group Cmca with a = 7.0595(1), b = 7.9814(1), c = 13.4595(2) A, V = 758.37(2) A3, and Z = 4. Its structure displays discrete SiF4(NH3)2 molecules, which are connected to crystal ammonia molecules via N–H···N hydrogen bonds and interconnected by N–H···F hydrogen bonds to {}^2_\infty[SiF4(NH3)2·2NH3] sheets. These layers are further interconnected by N–H···F hydrogen bonds from the crystal ammonia molecules leading to a three-dimensional network. ELF and AIM calculations and population analyses of the ELF basins were carried out for the BF3NH3 and SiF4(NH3)2 units of the two compounds. The calculations reflect the partially covalent bonding of fluorine to boron and silicon and confirm the expected trend of Lewis acidity. It is shown that ELF charges are a better descriptor for the bond covalency in these compounds than AIM charges.


Quorum systems are valuable tools for building highly available replicated data services. Traditionally, quorum systems assumed that servers fail benignly, i.e., by crashing or omitting some steps. Recently, Reiter and Malkhi extended quorum systems to provide data availability in the presence of arbitrary (Byzantine) faults [3]. One limitation of standard Byzantine fault tolerance techniques, quorum-based or otherwise, is that they assume a fixed set of servers that provide the data service throughout the entire system lifetime. This assumption is problematic, since in a long-lived deployment machines may have to be added and removed from the system. This paper addresses this limitation by presenting an algorithm for a reconfigurable Byzantine quorum system. Our algorithm ensures atomicity with an asynchronous network despite Byzantine failures of servers, crash failures of clients, and reconfigurations.


Background and Purpose: Family life plays an essential role in maintaining the mental, social, and physical health of children and parents. This investigation aims to identify the primary maladaptive psychological structures with the marital satisfaction compatibility and their parenting style. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive - analytical and correlation type study. The statistical population consists of all married women residing in the city of Abdanan. ENRICH marital satisfaction questionnaire, Bamerind questionnaire of parenting styles, and the primary incompatibility schema questionnaire, were used for data collection. Findings: There was no significant correlation between the tolerant style and marital satisfaction(r = 0.09, P = 0.119). There was a negative and significant correlation between the authoritarian style and marital satisfaction (r = 0.15, P = 0.013). But, there was a positive and significant correlation between the strong style and marital satisfaction (r = 0.18, P = 0.003). There was a positive and significant correlation between satisfaction and incompatibility schemas in parents (r = 0.28, P = 0.000). There was no significant correlation between tolerant and strong parenting styles and incompatible primary schemas in parents. There was a negative and significant correlation between the authoritarian parenting style and primary incompatibility schemas in parents. Conclusion: Using the primary incompatibility schemas in parents and parenting style, it is possible to predict the marital satisfaction in women.


We aimed to investigate the role of miR‐17 in cardiac matrix remodeling following myocardial infarction (MI). Using real‐time PCR, we quantified endogenous miR‐17 in infarcted mouse hearts. Compared with related microRNAs, miR‐17 was up‐regulated most dramatically: 3.7‐fold and 2.4‐fold in the infarct region 3 and 7 d post‐MI, respectively, and 2.4‐fold in the border zone at d 3 compared to sham control (P<0.01). Chimeric luciferase reporter constructs were cloned for miR‐17 target validation. miR‐17 targeted the 3'‐UTR of TIMP2 and the protein coding region of TIMP1. The miR‐17 mimic decreased TIMP2 (P<0.01) and TIMP1 (P<0.05) protein expression compared with the scrambled control. Inhibition of endogenous miR‐17 by in vivo antagomir delivery enhanced TIMP2 (P<0.01) and TIMP1 (P<0.05) protein expression compared to the mismatch group, decreased MMP9 activity (P<0.05), reduced infarct size as early as 7 d post‐MI (P<0.05), and improved cardiac function (fractional shortening and fractional area contraction, P<0.05) at d 21 and 28 post‐MI. Transgenic mice overexpressing miR‐17 in the heart confirmed the deleterious role of miR‐17 in matrix modulation. Our study suggests that miR‐17 participates in the regulation of cardiac matrix remodeling and provides a novel therapeutic approach using miR‐17 inhibitors to prevent remodeling and heart failure after MI.—Li, S.‐H., Guo, J., Wu, J., Sun, Z., Han, M., Shan, S. W., Deng, Z., Yang, B. B., Weisel, R D., Li, R‐K. miR‐17 targets tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 and 2 to modulate cardiac matrix remodeling. FASEB J. 27, 4254–4265 (2013). www.fasebj.org


Voltaire's racist attack on Shakespeare was motivated by what he, Voltaire, correctly identified as Shakespeare's essentially non-racist (and hence to Voltaire offensive) philosophy articulated in his plays. The ritual of carnival, an act of exclusion, has been well explored in relation to Shakespeare, to the neglect of the equally important ritual of mumming: the identification with and admittance of the disguised stranger. Repeatedly Shakespeare dramatizes acts of hospitality towards strangers that go far beyond the liberal notions of tolerance that Voltaire championed and form an emotion and philosophical rejection of the human divisive mentality.


The biological spectrum of Lal Dhang Forest Range of Lansdowne Forest Division in Garhwal Himalaya reveals that the vegetation of this region is phanero-therophytic. The life forms observed are phanerophytes (42.1%), therophytes (37%), chamaephytes (11.6%), cryptophytes (7.4%), and hemicryptophytes (1.9%). The percentage of therophyte is higher in comparison to Raunkiaer's normal spectrum. The higher percentage of therophytes was due to the biotic disturbances, particularly due to human interference.


DESPITE the exciting developments in electronic communication most doctors still learn by reading; the convenience of the printed text and the flexibility it allows in deciding where and when it can be used means that, at least for the next few years, books and journals will remain the principal source of information for practising clinicians. The literature of general practice is relatively new. There are still general practitioners in post who qualified when general practice had virtually no literature of its own and who grew up in a world where all the books and journals about their work came from outside general practice. The new generation, however, including all those who have been vocationally trained, has learnt its craft at a time when much about general practice has been written down. There is now a torrent of books on the subject, most of which have been written by general practitioners themselves. In the 1960s, following the stimulus of the postgraduate medical centre movement, it was generally considered that the natural place to have the books for the district was in the district medical library. Nowadays, however, it is considered much more important to have books and journals, as far as possible, in the setting where they will be most used and as close as possible to where patients are actually seen. Hospitals have a long tradition of departmental libraries and the practice library can be seen as the general practice equivalent. The practice library is a powerful indication of the practice's involvement with the literature of general practice,' and a practice which does not have a reasonable general practice section is making an important statement to its visitors about the relatively low priority its partners give to the development of their discipline. For there is no general practitioner today who can possibly claim to know it all. The whole basis of practice is constantly changing and all of us are increasingly dependent on colleagues for information and new ideas. The general practice section of the library needs to reflect this change and adapt to new ideas if it is to provide all the partners in a practice with a readily accessible source of intellectual stimulation. In training practices this has been a special requirement since the earliest days when the Joint Committee's Criteria for the selection of trainers in general practice2 laid down that the trainer should be 'familiar with …


Purpose

The main aim of this study was to examine the effects of chicken eggshell (CES) and rice husk ash (RHA) as fillers on the mechanical and the thermal insulation properties of polyurethane coatings.

Design/methodology/approach

CES and RHA were ground via ball milling set at different parameters, and the smallest particles size obtained were selected and used as fillers. Fillers of different weight proportions were mixed with other components such as binder, solvent and pigment to form various coating formulations and test samples were made via dip coating. A series of characterisations were conducted to analyse the thermal and mechanical properties of the coating.

Findings

The smallest particle size of CES and RHA was obtained after both of them had undergone grinding process at 400 rpm within 180 min. Morphological studies revealed that CES and RHA have irregular shape and high porosity. In crystallographic analysis, CES mainly composed of pure calcite crystal structure and RHA contained amorphous silica. Both of fillers were found thermally stable up to 520 and 710°C for RHA and CES, respectively. In RHA individual system, as the RHA proportion increases, the thermal conductivity of the coating declined. In contrast, in the CES coating system, the thermal conductivity demonstrated an opposite trend. Thermal gravimetric analysis results displayed that by adding hybrid fillers, the residue weight and the thermal stability of the coatings were increased. In addition, the adhesion strength of the coating was increased as the filler weight content increased.

Research limitations/implications

Fillers with nano-range size were expected to be produced in this research for better performance of the coating. However, the obtained fillers were limited to micron size through dry grinding method. Another drawback in this research was the coating technique which is dip coating. The coated substrates do not have uniform coating thickness and this subsequently influenced the performance.

Originality/value

A novel attempt has been made to study the formulation coating system by mixing CES and RHA as fillers which is also known as a hybrid system.


Driven by the increasingly serious air pollution problem, the monitoring of fine-grained air quality index (AQI) in urban areas has drawn considerable attention. In this paper, we design a novel algorithm to recommend the placement of sensors for energy- efficient AQI monitoring in urban three-dimensional (3D) space. Specifically, we first propose an entropy- based semi-supervised learning (ESSL) model to estimate the AQI distribution of unobserved locations, using the sparse historical spatial-temporal data and other features, including 3D coordinates, wind speed and weather conditions. Based on ESSL, we then design an entropy minimization ranking (EMR) algorithm to recommend the best sensor locations for AQI monitoring. Through the emulation on a fine-grained AQI dataset, the results demonstrate our scheme can provide energy- efficient solutions by using the least number of sensors to achieve higher accuracy than other existing approaches.


Introduction Despite the high level of efficacy of modern antiretroviral therapy (ART) in reducing HIV viremia and the control of viral replication, some people living with HIV (PLWH) do not recover their CD4+ T cell count. Methods To evaluate the frequency and predictive factors of discordant immune responses, we performed a retrospective cohort study of 324 antiretroviral-naïve PLWH who initiated first-line ART between 2008 and 2018 and maintained HIV RNA < 50 copies/ml during 36 months of follow-up. PLWH were defined as immunological non-responders (INRs) when CD4+ T cell count was < 20% compared with baseline (INR20%), or < 500 cells/mm3 (INR500) or < 200 cells/mm3 (INR200) at 36 months. Results The prevalence of INR20%, INR500, and INR200 was 12.5%, 34.6%, and 1.5%, respectively. After adjustment for possible confounders, CD4 nadir showed a significant association with all INR definitions, with lower values predicting INR500 (aOR 0.98, 95% CI 0.98–0.99, p < 0.001) and INR200 (aOR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95–1.01, p = 0.096). Moreover, a higher baseline CD4/CD8 ratio was inversely related to the probability of being INR500 (OR 0.03, 95% CI 0.01–0.12, p < 0.001) and INR200 (OR 0.002, 95% CI 18–7–67.72, p = 0.255). By contrast, INR20% had a higher CD4 nadir and CD4/CD8 ratio than other INRs, suggesting the identification of an heterogenous population with such definition. Discussion The present study highlights how INR200 has become rare in the contemporary ART era, and about one-third of PLWH meet the criteria for INR500. Overcoming the threshold of 500 CD4/mm3 could be an appropriate definition of immune response, in contrast with the older definitions of INR200 and INR20%. Early diagnosis and rapid treatment initiation, before CD4 counts and the CD4/CD8 ratio begin to decline, are critical for achieving an optimal immune response.


A as peeling method for peeling the silver plating of printed circuit board, without loss of substrate and solder mask and without the use of toxic cyanogen compounds and chromium compounds, it is possible to easily peel to provide a method of removing silver-plated. The invention relates to a peeling method for peeling the silver plating from the printed wiring board, silver plating peeling method characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps (a) and (b). (A) a printed wiring board, the oxidizing agent, the step of the step (b) printed circuit board contacting a silver plating stripping solution consisting of an alkaline pH adjusting agent and a silver solubilizers, neutralized with neutralization solution


Objective To observe the variances in morphology of the rat model similar to aged human diabetes mellitus (DM).Methods Healthy female Wistar rats were chosen.20 rats were intragastric administrated with physiological saline to build the normal control group;20 rats were intraperitoneal injected with D-galactose for 40 days to set up the aged model group;and 25 rats were intraperitoneal injected with D-galactose for 40 days,intragastric administrated with enriched diet for 30 days since injection with D-galactose 11 days,then intraperitoneal injected with low dose streptozotocin (STZ) to construct the aged DM model group.Rats whose full blood sugar (FBG) ≥11.1 mmol/L were chosen as successful aged DM rats.After intragastric administrating all rats with physiological saline for 10 days,10 rats were selected from each group to detect inducing nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in pancreatic island by immunohistochemistry ABC method,detect pancreatic gland apoptosis by TUNEL,and observe the change of hist-morph and ultrastructure of pancreatic gland by light microscope and electron microscope.Results Contrasted with the normal control group,the amount of iNOS expression of pancreatic island and pancreatic gland apoptosis in the aged model group increased.HE staining manifested the amount and area of pancreatic island in the aged model group was only 50%~70% of that of the normal control group,and the deprivation of cells in the center of pancreatic island was especially predominant.The observation of electron microscope manifested the cells of rats′ pancreas in the aged DM model group obviously degranulated.Conclusions The adopt of intraperitoneal injection with D-galactose,intragastric administration with enriched diet,and then intraperitoneal injection with STZ can produce the increase of apoptosis and/or cell death of iNOS and βcell in pancreatic island,which leading to degression of function and quantity ofβcell in pancreatic islet and successfully building the aged DM rats model which is similar to the old people DM best.


Introduction: The interphase of faith and practicing health professionally often presents a challenge. To navigate between the two requires tact, experience and professionalism. Such is the case of the Christian Health Association of Ghana.
Objective: This case report presents overview of how the Christian Health Association has provided family planning services for marginalized communities in Ghana by Church denominations some of whose faith abhor them from practicing certain forms of family planning.
Background: CHAG is a Network of 300 Health Facilities and Health Training Institutions owned by 25 different Christian Church Denominations. CHAG provides health care to the vulnerable, deprived, and marginalized population groups in all 10 Regions of Ghana. As implementing partner of the Ministry of Health, CHAG is mandated to implement key policies to achieve national health outcomes including family planning. Some members do not accept artificial family planning on the account of religious faith. This often presents a challenge in addressing the need to provide family planning service as required. This challenge is further complicated by the fact that the CHAG secretariat is steward that should protect the interest of member institutions as well as that of the ministry. Strategy: CHAG tailors the provision of family planning interventions to the confines of denominational, socio-cultural, religious acceptability and client needs.
Results: Over a period of three years, proportion of family planning acceptors who are adolescents (10-19 years) increased from 13.7% to 17.0%, total family planning acceptors increased from 67,312 to 73,648 and total couple years of protection from 71,296 to 92,852. Male sterilization increased contrary to cultural beliefs. Importantly, CHAG as an implementing partner is able to satisfy its obligation of providing service to achieve national health outcomes.
Conclusion: Protecting the interest of Christian health institutions and that of government may conflict at some point. Being tactful and allowing work within the confines of faith and obligations always helps in achieving desired results.


The purpose of this paper is to present education methodology for the student aiming to become a teacher of library pedagogy in Hungary. This paper will summarize the results of the first years when library pedagogy courses were introduced, their curricula, division of subjects, experiences of practical teaching and portfolio of methods of completion. The aim of these courses is to broaden library pedagogy to enable students to develop the information literacy of children in schools and public libraries. The main conclusions consider the results of this education methodology, including changes to the legal conditions of the library pedagogy teacher. Thus the library pedagogy teacher becomes an accepted and desired employee on the job market.


In the past, the researches on reliability of distribution network usually regarded distribution system as an independent network, thus were lack of analyzing the relationship between the distribution network and substations, and that between the distribution network and the main network. Furthermore, the common mode outage of components was still underestimated. Therefore, on the basis of the operating characteristics of multi-level distribution network and considering the common mode failure characteristics of disconnecting switches, the concept of common mode associated component and an extended minimal cut set algorithm were put forward. A substation equivalent model was built, and a reliability evaluation algorithm of urban power grid was designed, on the basis of that, an overall reliability assessment method for power grid was proposed. Taking an actual grid as example, the weakness of case grid was analyzed and the results show that the evaluation index can reflect the power supply reliability level of actual users.


Hektor was the one who dug this hole, who named this creek for his wife, this mountain for his son...


This paper identifies the management practices for green building management in Malaysia. A set of practices was ascertained from the reviewed of various established Green Building Standard in the world. Green building practices are significant role in attaining sustainability particularly in the construction industry. Green building is constructed for minimizing impacts to environment as well as decreasing building effects on occupants. To achieve the goals of green buildings, set of management practices is required. A comprehensive review on the world green building standards that include the criteria of "management" has been carried out. The results of the content analysis have identified a total of five clusters of practices that found important for effective management of green building in Malaysia. These including Sustainable Procurement, Sustainable Operation, Resource Management, Repair and Maintenance Management, and Environmental Health. Each cluster of management practice composed of few activities. The identification of the set of practices contributes to the effective and efficient operation of green building in advancing the sustainability agenda, hence decreasing building's operating costs and realising increase in return of investment.