The following is a descriptive and analytical approach study that seeks to propose an improvement of the processes for the customs procedures of cargo transportation in the border of Colombia with Ecuador (Ipiales) by means of the implementation of an electronic manifest of international cargo.
The methodology began with a bibliographic review of journal articles, sources of public entities, reports and case studies, then identified the regulations and requirements of the entities and associations that allowed to know the shortcomings that occur in international freight transport.
It was possible to demonstrate that the electronic manifesto of international cargo could be the tool to improve the service at the border, for which a framework of evidence reference was made which reflects the need to implement the manifest to eliminate the bottlenecks that present in the cross-border passage and improve logistics processes, systematizing the required documentation, guaranteeing the availability of information to optimize cargo transport at the border.
The above taking into account the infrastructure, availability, quality of transport and use of Tics.
Colombia faces great challenges in order to promote improvements for land transport and logistic processes in the steps along the border with Ecuador (Ipiales-Colombia), for which it is necessary to implement public policies for the cargo transport sector, from a participatory perspective with the private sector, in order to achieve an efficient institutional integration by improving the operation at the border, given its importance for the productivity of the sector and the economy of the country.
In this way, the characteristics on the border with Ipiales and Tulcan are related to customs infrastructure, among which are the places where the vehicles enter, time of delay on site, availability of scales, space to park the vehicles, status of security, income requirements among others, allowing to generate an improvement in the process of export and import of merchandise, guaranteeing an improvement in processing times, decrease in costs and the quality of goods in the course of the chain of supply, seeking maximum satisfaction of the final customer.


 During the times of Guided Democracy, absolute power over the whole nation was held by Soekarno's hand. Consequently, Soekarno had total control of various government regulations, ncluding the ones pertaining to politics and culture. This provoked responses from different groups, organizations, and political parties. Particularly, these responses came in forms of affirmation, attempts of coalition, and criticisms. It was not uncommon then for the media to accommodate a certain group's diverse voices and responses towards the Guided Democracy. One of these media was Pandji Masjarakat magazine. Affiliating to Muhammadiyah movement, the magazine had a close relation to MASJUMI. It was within this context that Pandji Masjarakat published many writings responding to socio-political conditions, and such trait was also available in its published literary works. Using sociological criticism, this paper examines Pandji Masjarakat's 1959-1960 publications of literary works (poems and short stories) which contain voices responding to the Guided Democracy's socio-political conditions. The result of the research reveals that Pandji Masjarakat voiced out both criticisms and affirmations towards Soekarno's leadership during the Guided Democracy period. Furthermore, these criticisms and affirmations were determined by the magazine's interest and organizational affiliations. KeywordsGuided Democracy; Muhammadiyah; Pandji Masjarakat; Soekarno; Sociological Criticism


We consider a structural dynamic job search model where nonstationarity originates from the change over time in the benefit level, the job offer arrival rate, and the wage offer distribution. The model is estimated on the French sample of the ECHP taking advantage of direct observation of reservation wages, rejected job offers, and associated rejected wages. We find that the offered wages deteriorate rapidly (13.8% over six months, 19.2% over one year, and 30% over two years) and that changes in the wage offer distribution are the unique source of negative duration dependence in the hazard.


: With the development of the chemical industry, more and more high-salinity sewage that contains the pollutant phenol. The research in this paper tested Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) phenol degradation with a focus on the Staphylococcus caprae strain SHBCC D10058 ATCC 35538 as the degrading bacteria. In conditions with a 5% salinity medium and 100mg/L initial phenol concentration, after three days of degradation, 46.25% phenol remained. The phenol concentration was initially 220mg/L; after three days of degradation in a 5% salinity condition, 64.74% phenol remained. 65.93% of phenol remained in the medium with an initial phenol concentration of 300mg/L after three days' degradation. When the Microbial Fuel Cell was utilized with only polycarbonate brine (1.6%salinity, 4.07mg/L phenol), the cell had a maximum power output of 30.070mW/m2, and after three days of degradation, 32.31% phenol remained.


Aim of the present research was the determination of the attitudes of Greek Basketball coaches towards their distance learning with the use of ICT in comparison with the classical learning and the examination of the perspective of their distance learning with the use of ICT. Therefore a closed questionnaire was used which included 3 different parts. 60 basketball coaches from Northern Greece comprised the sample (Ν=60). An interactive software was created which included the teaching of an offensive basketball system. The methodology of distance learning was used for the creation of the offensive system. The software was copied to a CD-Rom and accompanied with the questionnaires it was given to 20 Basketball coaches of Northern Greece as a pilot program. After the corrections of the primary questionnaires, the distribution of the final questionnaire accompanied with the CD-Rom followed. Multiple reciprocations were used for the data analysis. According to the results the more relaxing, easier and faster distance learning was considered in relation to the conventional one, a) the fewer difficulties would the Basketball coaches face by using the distance learning method and b) the friendlier and more relaxing would the distance learning method be. Also according to data research: a) the more attractive the reading of software was, b) the fewer the difficulties during the reading of software and c) the more relaxing, easier and faster distance learning was considered in relation to the conventional one, the stronger was the perspective of Basketball coaches to believe in distance learning. In conclusion the more relaxing, easier and faster distance learning was considered in relation to the conventional one, the more positive were the attitudes of Basketball coaches towards their distance learning, while a positive perspective of Basketball coaches towards their distance learning is being formed.


A number of British and American works of the 2000-2010s are devoted to the transformation of socialist ideas and crisis of collectivist values in the Soviet society after the Second World War. The objective of this article is to define the main trends of modern Anglophone historiography in studies of the dichotomy of consumerist ideals and socialist values in late Soviet society (1945-1990). The result of this study is an arrangement of general research approaches and an identifying of new thematic perspectives in Anglophone Russian Studies concerned with the Soviet period. Researchers consider the period from 1945 to 1990 as a comprehensive and logically complete period of Russian history. The internal unity of this period consists in the evolution of the Soviet way of life and socialist values. This process was incremental and hardly reflected by contemporaries (both within the Soviet state, and abroad). British and American works of the 2000-2010s filled a significant gap in world Russian Studies: the elements of capitalist culture, which coexisted in parallel with generally accepted Soviet way of life, were identified. A special contribution of modern Anglophone researches to Russian Studies is the analysis of socio-cultural processes, which were the evidence of the deformation of socialist norms and values. For instance, the occurrence of the sense of social injustice, greater recognition that a respected profession and a profitable occupation were divergent, is not sufficiently developed in Russian historical science. © 2016 Published by Future Academy www.FutureAcademy.org.uk


The present paper aims at testing a very simple approach to interpret the characteristics of inclusive production of pions in high energy NA and AA collisions by a somewhat in-depth analysis of the same for NN interactions; and also at reporting here thus some interesting observations made on the nature of rapidity and transverse momentum spectra of the produced pions. And this approach is built upon a newly offered master formula holding the key for converting the results of high energy nucleon–nucleon (NN) collision to the corresponding observables on differential and inclusive cross-sections for both nucleon–nucleus and nucleus–nucleus (heavy ion) collisions in a generalized form. The proposed formulae, used in a somewhat phenomenological way, can provide modestly reliable parametrization of data in the broad range of collision energy and the varied range of projectile-target combinations. This opens up the possibility of understanding in a quite unified manner the large amount of data on the rapidity and transverse momentum spectra in a wide range of interactions and energies starting right from ISR, rather Bevelac, to the relativistic heavy ion collisions (RHIC) via the various collider scales of energy. The agreements between the data and calculations, in most cases, are quite satisfactory both qualitatively and quantitatively. While highlighting this success, the limitation of the approach has also been pointed out in the end as clearly and categorically as possible.


The purpose of this study is to develop a textbook for introductory mathematics based on the taqrib book to improve student literacy skills and find out the feasibility, practicality, and effectiveness of textbook for introductory mathematics based on the taqrib that has been developed. The type of research used is Research and Development (R&D) which is designed using the Borg and Gall development model.  The subjects of the development product trial in this study were students of the class 2022 semester 1 of the MTK1, MTK2, and MTK3 classes of mathematics education study program at FTIK UIN KHAS Jember. This research produces a textbook of introduction to basic mathematics based on the taqrib book as students' reference book in lectures on basic introduction to mathematics in semester 1. The resulting textbook is validated by three validators with validation results without any revisions, so the textbooks developed are feasible for use. Furthermore, the resulting textbooks were tested on 1st-semester students of the mathematics education study program at FTIK UIN KHAS Jember. The results of this product trial were 84.49% with a practical category. The mathematical literacy ability of students in semester 1 of the Mathematics Education study program has increased from a total average score of 77.32 to 86.27. Based on these results, it can be said that the use of textbooks for introductory mathematics based on taqrib books is very effective in improving students' mathematical literacy skills.


The molecular orientation and homogeneity of gallium(III) and aluminum(III) chlorine phthalocyanine (GaClPc and AlClPc) are studied on flat (gold single crystal, Au(100)) and rough surfaces (indium tin oxide, ITO) by Raman spectroscopy in combination with X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in detail. In the case of Raman spectroscopy, Euler angles are used to describe the geometry while Raman imaging provides insight into homogeneity. For XAS, synchrotron radiation is applied to study the angle dependence of the excitation structure. On Au(100) the molecules are highly ordered and tend to align parallel to the surface (lying) with a layer by layer growth mode. Contrarily, on technically relevant substrates, as in the case of ITO, less ordered films due to the roughness of the surface nature are present. The results are discussed in relation to the substrate's nature and the influence of dipole moments.


Our paper consists of the idea of improving target detection and shooting systems in an effective and low-cost manner. We have reviewed other systems in the past and come up with a multi-mode system that has multiple modes with its advantages and applications. Our system is much cost effective. We have used easy to get parts to function. it also has a modular design.


This study aims to improve the competence and cognitive learning outcomes of PLS students in the anthropological sociology course through the implementation of blended learning. This research is a class action research (classroom action research) model by Kemmis & McTaggart, which took place in two cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The subjects of this study were ten students of the non-formal education study program at the State University of Manado. Data collection techniques are questionnaire techniques and test techniques. The research data were obtained using communication competency assessment instruments, collaboration competency assessment instruments, and pretest-posttest questions. The data analysis technique used descriptive qualitative data analysis techniques. The results of data analysis showed (1) the communication competence of students in the first cycle was in the less competent category, while in the second cycle they were very competent, (2) the collaboration competence of students in the first cycle was in the less competent category, while in the second cycle they were very competent, (3) students' cognitive learning outcomes showed achievement of 60% in the first cycle, then increased by 40% so that it became 100% in the second cycle. Based on the results of data analysis, we can conclude that the implementation of blended learning can improve the competence and cognitive learning outcomes of PLS students in the sociology of education anthropology course.


The simulation model presented allows the influence of selected converter process parameters on changes in nitrogen content during the blowing of a metal bath to be determined. The study analyzed the influence of nitrogen content in pig iron and scrap, purity of oxygen blow and also the nitrogen to argon (N 2 /Ar) switching time of the bottom blow. The model calculations performed on this basis will allow prediction of nitrogen concentration changes during the blowing process and also determination of final nitrogen concentrations in the steel. Finally, an opportunity is created for the optimization of various process parameters of steel production (low-nitrogen steels or steels with a narrow range of nitrogen concentrations).


Cross-cultural studies from a global perspective contend that China and India are both collectivistic cultures. However, it remains unclear whether and why China and India differ in their collectivism. This study examines whether the cultural heritage concerning argumentation explains why Chinese people are more collectivistic than Indians. Convenient samples were taken from online surveys (NChina = 398, NIndia = 418), and 186 participants from the United States were included in the contrast group. In multiple methods conducted here, the Chinese respondents scored higher in holistic thought, compatriotism, nepotism, familism, and self-interdependence than the Indian respondents, while scoring lower in assertiveness and argumentativeness. Although China and India were more collectivistic than the United States, these findings support the hypothesis that Chinese people are more collectivistic than Indians. The study extended our knowledge of individualism–collectivism beyond east–west comparison.


The concepts on the spatially-periodic condensation in the solar system have been considered in the light of the general theory of the evolution of the solar system. It has been shown that as proto- disks arise and compress, the role of hydromagnetic effects weakens. After the stage of spatially- periodic condensation and accretion, the concentration of gas in protodisks decreases and the role of hydromagnetic effects increases again. Specific features of the formation of planets near the Sun and satellites near the planets can be explained if these peculiarities of the evolution are taken into account. The corresponding role of the above processes has been evaluated numerically. The accretion of gas molecules both by jet streams arising after spatially-periodic condensation and by planet embryos has also been considered. Characteristic times of these processes have been estimated. The results obtained show that the general concept on the solar system evolution (Alfv6n and Arrhenius, 1976) is in good agreement with the mechanism of spatially-periodic condensation, which takes place during the formation of primary rings of the solar and satellite systems (Gladyshev, 1977). A general model for the evolution of the solar system based on the latest achievements in natural sciences has been presented in the fundamental work of Alfv6n and Arrhenius (1976). The main principles of the model cannot be put under doubt. Yet, there are specific features of the mechanism of the formation of the solar and satellite systems, which still remain unclear. Besides, some parameters referring to different stages of the evolution have been estimated, due to quite natural reasons, rather approximately. It has been noted in the works of Gladyshev (1977, 1978a) that one of the stages of the evolution of the solar and satellite systems could proceed via the diffusion mechanism, the mechanism of spatially-periodic condensation, which had not been taken into account in previous theories. In those and subsequent investigations (Gladyshev, 1978c; Budtov and Gladyshev, 1979) it has been shown that the primary rings of the solar and satellite systems arose due to both the accession (diffusion) of matter of center bodies to the corresponding protoclouds and due to chemical reactions resulting in the condensation of matter from supersaturated state. The statements formulated afforded grounds for elucidating the nature of Titius-Bode's law and for making a number of predictions. Simple calculations based on reasonable values of the constants (see below) make it possible to assume that the concentration of matter in protoclouds was sufficiently high for some period, so that the role of magnetohydrodyna mic effects was essential not at all stages of the evolution of the solar and satellite systems. In view of the results of these investigations, it is desirable to introduce certain supplements and refinements into the general theory (Alfv6n and Arrhenius, 1976).


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to highlight the role of interpersonal skills in getting ahead in one's career.

Design/methodology/approach
The inferences have been drawn on the basis of available literature as well as author's experiences and observations spread over two decades.

Findings
With the changing workplace from traditional to virtual office and now to work-from-home, the role of interpersonal skills has become even more critical. Across sectors, if you want to have a successful career, interpersonal skills are vital for getting ahead. The author emphasizes the need for continuous upskilling and reskilling of employees with respect to soft skills.

Originality/value
This paper intends to provide a viewpoint on a subject that is sometimes not taken as seriously as it should be. Often employees focus more on learning and upskilling their technical skills while neglecting their people skills. The author offers some valuable insights for business leaders to lay emphasis on employee's communication and interpersonal skills so as to allow the firm to run smoothly and to make day-to-day functions effective and efficient. This would be a win-win situation for organizations as well as the employees.


Abstract:Archaeologists have long acknowledged the importance of flaked stone tools in the prehistoric archaeological record of the Aegean. Over the past two decades, scholars have demonstrated the continued production and use of lithics in historical periods as well. At Isthmia, flaked stone tools have been found in deposits associated with craft, agricultural, ritual, and domestic contexts. The presence of reduction debris as well as finished tools of obsidian and chert suggests some on-site production in historical eras, but recycling of older pieces is also possible. The assemblage reflects a pragmatic response to the need for cutting, scraping, and incising tools in various periods.


Objective To investigate the therapeutic methods and clinical effect of adult complex aortic coarctation.Methods The clinical data of 6 patients with adult complex aortic coarctation treated by off-pump descending ascendens aorta-aorta abdominalis bypass surgery between December 2005 and July 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.Results There was no death case during the perioperative period in this study; patients showed a substantial improvement in symptoms after the surgery,blood pressure of the lower limbs were elevated,systolic blood pressure difference between the limbs was < 10 mm Hg(1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa).From 5 to 9 months follow-up visit after the 6 patients left hospital,the blood pressure of them was resumed normal.Their angiography by CT showed that,the blood flow in artificial blood vessel of the patients was unobstructed,there was no aorta restenosis or false aneurysm complication.Conclusions The curative effect of off-pump descending ascendens aorta-aorta abdominalis bypass surgery on adult complex aortic coarctation is significant; also the operation technique is a little complex,but it has a high degree of safety and is suitable for clinical application.

Key words:
Adult;  Complex aortic coarctation;  Ascendens aorta-aorta abdominalis bypass surgery ;  Curative effect


The present experiments were undertaken to study whether blockade of alpha 1-adrenoceptors would prevent the high-voltage spindle suppressing effect of atipamezole, an alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist. In adult rats, an alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist, prazosin, increased dose dependently the high voltage spindles in saline and atipamezole-pretreated rats. In addition, in aged rats prazosin blocked the high-voltage spindle suppressing action of atipamezole. Prazosin produced a smaller increase in high-voltage spindle values in aged than in adult rats. According to the present results, alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonists may suppress high-voltage spindles indirectly by activating alpha 1-adrenoceptors in young and aged rats.


Background Maternally derived allergens may be transferred to the developing infant during pregnancy and lactation. However, it is not known how manipulation of environmental allergen levels might impact on this early‐life exposure.


Export Promotion Agencies (EPAs) have been in opera tion in developed countries since the beginning of the 20 th century to improve the competitiveness of firms by increasing knowledge and competences applied to export market development. Some studies exists on the influence of organizational characteristics on EPAs' performance, but, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have yet been conducted that analyze, detail and explain which of the EPAs' organizational characteristics are associated to their differing levels of success. In the present paper we compare a laggard (Portuguese) and a highly efficient (Irish) EPA in terms of export promotion. A questionnaire was applied to the employees of the two EPAs who deal directly with firms in terms of exports promotion. Using the non-parametric test of Kruskal Wallis and factor analysis we found that there are clear differences between the agencies regarding organizational dimensions. In particular, Agência para o Investimento e Comércio Externo de Portugal (AICEP) emerges as an organization without any cle ar component of intentionality, being more concerned with internal matters rather than with actions directed at the market. In contrast, Enterprise Ireland (EI)'s philosophy is more market-oriented and taking the clients' needs into consideration is a p riority.


Abstract Macroeconomic uncertainty regularly fluctuates in the data. Theory suggests complementarity between capital and labor inputs in production can generate time-varying endogenous uncertainty because the concavity in the production function influences how output responds to productivity shocks in different states of the economy. This paper examines whether complementarity is a quantitatively significant source of time-varying endogenous uncertainty by estimating a nonlinear real business cycle model with a constant elasticity of substitution production function and exogenous volatility shocks. When matching labor share and uncertainty moments, we find at most 16% of the volatility of uncertainty is endogenous. An estimated model without exogenous volatility shocks can endogenously generate all of the empirical variation in uncertainty, but only at the expense of significantly overstating the volatility of the labor share.


We evaluated the hemodynamic effects of 7 mg/kg intravenous calcium chloride (CaCl2) or placebo in 20 adults with regurgitant aortic and/or mitral valves before and after induction of anesthesia with fentanyl (50 μg/kg), followed by pancuronium (0.1 mg/kg) and 100% oxygen. CaCl2 produced no changes in mean systemic, pulmonary arterial, central venous, or pulmonary capillary wedge pressures or vascular resistances before or after induction of anesthesia. A significant increase in left ventricular stroke work index was seen 1 min after CaCl2 was administered after induction of anesthesia (from 31.29 ± 3.00 to 37.44 ± 3.81 g·m·M-2). Before induction, CaCl2 decreased heart rate from 93.9 ± 9.6 to 85.2 ± 8.7 beats/min (statistically significant 2.5 and 10 min after CaCl2) and after induction from 104.6 ± 8.4 to 89.3 ± 7.5 (significant at 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 min). These results suggest that CaCl2 is associated with an immediate increase in ventricular performance and that the subsequent decrease in heart rate is not sufficient to contraindicate use of CaCl2 as an inotrope in patients with chronic valvular regurgitation. The effects of CaCl2 injection in man on pulmonary shunt fraction (Qs/Qt) have not been described previously. We found no change in Qs/Qt, suggesting that CaCl2 has no direct effect on distribution of pulmonary blood flow.


The aim of this study was to develop and validate a simple, quick and sensitive assay for determination of doxycycline concentration in human plasma by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Doxycycline and Oxytetracycline (internal standard) were extracted from 0,5 mL human plasma into ethyl acetate. The HPLC system was operated isocratically at controlled temperature (30°C) with reversed phase Phenomenex Luna C8 column (150 mm x 4.6mm i.d.; 4 ?m particle size) and using a mobile phase consisting in water: acetonitrile: tetrahydrofuran (80:15:5 v/v/v) adjusted to pH 2.5, at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Detection was achieved with a UV detector at 357 nm. Method validation investigated parameters such as the sensitivity, linearity (r2= 0.9946), precision, accuracy, recovery and stability. The limit of quantification was 0,25 ?g/mL. Under the assay conditions, doxycycline and oxytetracycline had retention times of 7,5 and 2,4 minutes, respectively. No interferences with endogenous compounds or with anticoagulant were observed. The mean recovery of doxycycline was 84.57%, and 80.73% for the intern standard at working concentration (20?g/mL). The method showed to be precise and accurate both for analyses held in a same day (intra-day) as in different days (inter-days). A good stability of doxycycline and oxytetracycline was observed during extraction and analysis, when stored over a fourmonth period at -20°C, on the auto sample during 24 hours and to 3 freeze-thaw cycles. The present method is suitable for sensitive, precise and accurate determination of doxycycline concentrations in human plasma, within the limits established for this type of analyses


The oviposition repellent effect of alcohol extracts from twelve plants on Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley was investigated.The result showed that the oviposition repellent effect of alcohol extracts of Bauhinia blaakeana was the best.The choice and non-choice repellent rates were 79.52% and 86.87%,respectively.The alcohol extracts from Bauhinia blaakeana was separated by four different solutions.It were confirmed that the main active substance was in the ethyl acetate extracts and water extracts.With repellents rates were 80.69% and 74.26%,respectively.


Liquid CO is formulated for huang 3 well area of the fifth oil production Plant of Changqing Oilfield2Tank storage technology standard, the simulation study of the storage characteristics of the tank, through the study in the unloading, static storage, injection, tank in the process of the factors on the influence of the storage characteristics with the factors, combined with the actual field operation, develop a set of reasonable storage tank application technology, field application.


In the present study, wholly of electrochemical methodology was used to acquire an inexpensive and stable graphene oxide/cobalt oxide nanocomposite on a pencil graphite electrode (PGE). At first, the graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were directly synthesized at pencil graphite electrode as a carbon source via a potentiostatic method in sulfuric acid solution. Then, cobalt oxide nanoparticles (CoOxNPs) was loaded by cyclic voltammetry on the GO-coated PGE. The morphology of unmodified PGE, GO/PGE and CoOxNP/GO/PGE were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The catalytic properties of the quickly designed sensor were used to appraise the electrochemical behavior of insulin. The electroactivity of insulin was significantly enhanced on the CoOxNPs/GO nanocomposite compared with unmodified electrode. A linear dynamic range between 0.46 to 100 nmol dm−3 were obtained with a detection limit of 0.12 nmol dm−3 and a superior detection sensitivity 0.687 μA/nmol dm−3. Also, the sensor response was not damaged by the presence of common biological intruders such as ascorbic acid, uric acid, citric acid, and glucose. Eventually, three pharmaceutical insulin samples from three different brands (Regular, Isophane, and Lansolin) were selected and analyzed. The recovery percentage suggests that the proposed sensor could be utilized in routine analysis of pharmaceutical preparations.


Anewtypeellipsometerwasconstructedforthemicroscopicmeasurementofafilmofuneventhickness. The modi丘cation of the ellipsometer consisted of the attaching of an objective lens between the specimen and analyzer,the formation of a magni五ed image of the specimen,the focal plane of which was limited with an aperture,and the photoelectric measurement of light passing through the aperture.The minimum measurable area on the specimen was about30x50μm・ A He−Ne gas laser as a light source provided light intensity su伍cient for the determination of the ellipsometer null point by using a photomultiplyer.The modi五ed ellipsometer allowed to determine the refractive index and local thickness of uneven films.It also provided fτinge patterns based on the ellipsometer equation.The modi且ed ellipsometer was applied to the meas皿ement of anodically deposited ferric hydroxide五lms resulted from pitting coτrosion。 The re. 1ation between the deposited ferric hydroxide丘1ms and anionic species in a solution is also discussed.


Background: Indonesia implemented a large-scale social restriction policy throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Hospitals and alternative health care facilities are places with a high risk of COVID-19 transmission. The general public is suggested to limit visits to health facilities unless it is an emergency. Supported this, we hypothesize that people prefer to self-medicate to take care of relatively mild health complaints at home. This study aims to analyze the pattern of self-medication within the community in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 110 residents of South Surabaya with a structured questionnaire during the COVID-19 outbreak in December 2021, to observe patterns and factors that influence people's decisions to take self-medication before and during the COVID-19 pandemic era. Results: As several as 40% of respondents had self-medication before the COVID-19 pandemic, while the prevalence of self-medication within the thick of the COVID-19 outbreak was 57.3%. The most reasons for self-medication are the concern of reaching the hospital will be being exposed to COVID-19 (67.3%), the sickness is not severe enough, compatible with the previous medication, and more efficient. The community's advantages of self-medication are that it is faster to treat (41%) and cheaper (21.8%). Conclusions: The study revealed that there was an increase in the number of respondents who did self-medication during the COVID-19 pandemic with the main reason being fear of going to the public health center or hospital.


Title: Standardized peripheral nerve block labelling and patient information: its role in patient awareness and handover optimization in the postoperative period.


Background: Globally, a dramatic increase in the use of television and digital media has been observed among children and adolescents in recent times. The possible health-related effects of frequent and prolonged screen media viewing on these children and adolescents have triggered many concerns among researchers. Aim: The study is aimed to determine the screen media viewing practices and caregivers' level of knowledge about the health-related effects of prolonged screen viewing time on their children. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study among caregiver/child and adolescent dyads on outpatient clinic visits. Subjects and Methods: Respondents (caregivers/children's pairs) were consecutively recruited, and data was obtained using an unambiguous pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire comprising four domains: socio demographic characteristics; screen media viewing characteristics, perception of the health related effects of prolonged viewing time, and measures to limit prolonged screen viewing time in children. Descriptive and inferential statistics were done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 at a level of statistical significance P < 0.05. Results: Of the 205 respondents studied, the majority (67.8%, fathers and 76.1%, mothers) had tertiary education. The daily mean time spent by children watching television/screen media was 2 (± 1.58) hours. Up to 89.3% of the caregivers established good standards for healthy screen-viewing in their homes. However, 52.7% of them had poor knowledge of the health-related problems of increased viewing time. Socio-economic class (P = 0.002) and knowledge level of the parents (P = 0.000) were significant predictors limiting children's screen-viewing time. Conclusion: Increasing screen media viewing is common among the children studied. The majority of the caregivers had poor knowledge of health-related effects of prolonged viewing time despite high educational attainment. There is a need to enlighten caregivers on the possible health effects of excess screen media viewing so as to enable them to institute stringent measures to limit the attendant health consequences on the children.


In this research, we realize human telepresence by developing a remote-controlled android system called Geminoid HI-1. Experimental results confirm that participants felt stronger presence of the operator when he talked through the android than when he appeared on a video monitor in a video conference system. In addition, participants talked with the robot naturally and evaluated its human likeness as equal to a man on a video monitor. At this paper's conclusion, we will discuss a remote-control system for telepresence that uses a human-like android robot as a new telecommunication medium.


3516 Background: Bevacizumab [Avastin (BV)] is a recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody directed against vascular endothelial growth factor. As presented at ASCO 2003, the addition of BV to IFL chemotherapy prolonged median survival from 15.61 months to 20.34 months (p = 0.00004). This was a companion trial that studied the addition of BV to FU/LV chemotherapy in subjects who were not optimal candidates for first-line irinotecan because of age or performance status.

METHODS
Approximately 200 patients were to be randomized to receive the Roswell Park regimen of FU/LV placebo or FU/LV/BV (5 mg/kg every two weeks). The primary efficacy endpoint was survival; secondary efficacy endpoints included progression free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR) and duration of response.

RESULTS
209 patients were randomized between September 7, 2000 and May 6, 2002. For the two groups, FU/LV/Placebo and FU/LV/BV, baseline characteristics were similar. Efficacy and selected safety results are as follows: [Figure: see text] Conclusions: The addition of BV to FU/LV chemotherapy, in subjects who are not optimal candidates for first-line CPT-11 resulted in a clinically meaningful and statistically significant prolongation of progression-free survival and trends towards improved response rate,duration of response, and survival as compared with FU/LV chemotherapy alone. The addition of BV to FU/LV was well tolerated; Grade 3 hypertension, easily managed with oral medications was increased with BV, The uncommon but life-threatening event of gastrointestinal perforation occurred in 2 patients in the FU/LV/BV arm [Table: see text].


Since this is a scientific paper, it is recommended to summarize the research methodology and conclusions (major outcomes) in more detail. Line 43 : I can't fine this paper(Hwang and Deodatis 2013) in your reference. Check please. Line 71 : I recommend that the names of Sea of Japan and East Sea should be written as "East/Japan Sea" together. Line 85 : In your Table 2 & 3, Fill the last column in line1 -> Total Sum & Average in C1


The distribution, bathymetrical occurrence and spawning periods of three widely distributed arctic-boreal species of barnacles, Balanus balanoides, B. balanus and B. crenatus, are given from Ungava Bay, Frobisher Bay, Cumberland Sound and Hudson Strait.


The ideological and political course in Colleges and Universities undertakes the main task of ideological and political education and Marxist theory education for students. It is an important practical form of national ideological construction and also the main channel to help students establish Marxist world outlook, outlook on life and values. This paper describes the research background of ideological and political courses in Colleges and Universities and the role of mixed teaching mode in ideological and political courses in Colleges and Universities, and constructs a mixed teaching mode of ideological and political courses in Colleges and Universities under the background of "Internet +". It has important reference value for improving the teaching methods and contents of ideological and political courses, and enhancing the effectiveness of ideological and political education.


Firm value is a reflection of company performance which is explicitly shown through share prices. The stock price is one of the parameters for investors in investing. The higher the stock price, the better the company's performance. This study aims to analyze the interaction of firm value with other financial variables as reflected in the company's financial statements, namely leverage, profitability and dividend policy, which are also considered by investors in long-term investment. The population in this study were Food and Beverages companies on the IDX from 2017 to 2019. The population of this study was 31 Food and Beverages companies, the sampling technique using purposive sampling method was obtained as many as 19 sample companies. Data analysis using path analysis techniques. The findings of this study: (1) Leverage has a positive and significant effect on firm value, (2) Leverage has a negative and significant effect on dividend policy. (3) Profitability has a positive andsignificant effect on firm value, (4) Profitability has a positive and significant effect on dividend policy, (5) Dividend policy has a positive and insignificant effect on firm value. (6) Leverage has a positive and significant effect on firm value through dividend policy mediation. (7) Profitability has a positive and significant effect on firm value through dividend policy mediation.


Twenty three rock samples were collected from various altitudes of Nilgiri hills, Tamil Nadu, India. A survey was carried out to determine the activity concentration of selected radionuclides ( 238 U, 232 Th, 40 K) by means of gamma-ray spectroscopy using NaI (Tl) detector. From the measured spectra, the mean activity of 238 U, 232 Th, 40 K are 7.13 Bq kg -1 , 30.47 Bq kg -1 and 346.06 Bq kg -1 , respectively. To evaluate the radiological effects, the absorbed dose rate, effective absorbed dose rate, radium equivalent activity, external and internal hazard indices, and radioactivity level index are also calculated. The mean absorbed dose rate of gamma radiation ranged from 11.90 nGy h -1 to 108.22 nGy h -1 . The activity concentration of 238 U, 232 Th, 40 K and the various radiological effects are below the internationally recommended maximum values.


In this essay easy-to-read books from three different publishers are examined. The publishers use their own type of levelling system and have different backgrounds in such a way that one of them (L ...


The invention relates to a control tool of a misalignment between two stops (24, 26), the tool being characterized in that it comprises: - a body (38) having an extension (64) with a end configured to bear against one of the stops (26), - a sliding peg (40) which is configured to slide in a longitudinal direction (44) relative to the body (38) and which comprises an end (52) configured to bear against the other stop (24), the sliding peg (40) being shifted in a transverse direction relative to the extension (64), a system configured to control the movement of the sliding peg (40) relative to the body (38).


From the analysis of three socio-environmental policies implemented in Brazil (National Environment Policy, National Water Resources Policy and Agricultural Policy) this study introduces an analysis of the characteristics and modus operandi of the formulation and implementation of three Brazilian socio-environmental policies, as well as discusses their importance to the construction of democracy in the country. The study shows the advances, limitations and difficulties encountered. When discussing such matters, this study addresses the exchange between the development of socio-environmental policies and the establishment of democracy in Brazil.


TE answer to this title question becomes, H &dquo;Plenty,&dquo; as one reads the Report of the Senate Subcommittee on Executive Reorganization, just published. In the summer of 1968 this subcommittee, under the chairmanship of Senator Abraham Ribicoff, surveyed the general problems of health care in this country by conducting a series of public hearings. Testimony was received from 24 experts, most of whom represented private health organizations. The 1,103-page printed record included 42 exhibits.* *


A grid independence study and numerical computations are reported for the flow past cylinders with free hemispherical ends. A novel modelling technique is used whereby a spectralelement method is employed with an azimuthal Fourier expansion around the symmetry axis of the cylinder. The flow direction is then normal to the axis of symmetry, rather than in the axial direction. For benchmarking purposes, results using the proposed grids are compared to accurate computations of the flow past a sphere, and an accuracy of better than 0.5% is obtained up to a Reynolds number Re= 300. Plots showing alterations in the symmetry characteristics of the wakes are provided for length ratios up toLR = 10.


Globalization and widespread active introduction of architectural forms, techniques, materials and building technologies pose a problem of finding regional identity, particularity and uniqueness of the style in architecture. Consideration of history and traditions of regional architecture is one of the ways to reveal this identity and uniqueness. Wooden architecture is traditional for Siberia. It has hardly evolved stylistically since the 1920s. Studying stylistic formation in wooden architecture of Siberia in the late 19th – early 20th centuries, including modern, will help to identify the peculiarities of the local style and culture. The style can be considered from the point of view of philosophy of architecture and art as a unique manifestation of regional culture, as one of the ways to create (recreate) cultural identity, particularity and uniqueness, and as a source of information on a variety of techniques and forms of wooden architecture in Siberia.


This study discusses conditions for efficient communication in decentralised and risk exposed organisations. The prevailing view of such organisations is that formal and vertical relationships between leaders and subordinates are sufficient to provide all members of the organisation with the information they need to perform their work. However, this study speculated on whether informal horizontal relationships between colleagues at all levels of the organisation would satisfy their communication needs better than formal and loyal relationships with their immediate leaders. Hierarchical regression analyses based on data from a maritime organisation supported this assumption. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed.


Node position is a prerequisite in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)applications and also one of the major fields of current research on WSN. In this paper, the author analyzes the traditional non-ranginglocalization algorithms and proposes a new distributed non-ranginglocalization algorithm (n-DNRL) based on grid and vote in WSN. In the same externalconditions, the n-DNRL has a lower communication overhead and a highprecision.Through implementations and comparison between the traditionalnon-ranging localization algorithms and the n-DNRL algorithm, the n-DNRL has greatadvantages in accuracy, network costs and energy consumption.


A distributed impulsive algorithm is presented for solving large‐scale nonlinear optimization problems, which is based on state‐dependent impulsive dynamical system theory. The optimization problem, whose objective function is a sum of convex and continuously differentiable functions, is solved over a multi‐agent network system. The proposed algorithm takes distributed updates in continuous‐time part and centralized updates in discrete‐time part, which can improve the convergence performance. With stability theory of impulsive dynamical systems, the proposed impulsive algorithm is proved to converge to one optimal solution, and under certain conditions, agents' states are proved to converge at a linear convergence rate. In numerical simulation, compared with conventional distributed continuous‐time algorithm, the performance advantage of the proposed impulsive method is demonstrated.


It is pointed out that the concepts of fitness discussed by F. J. Ayala and by J. M. Thoday are quite different concepts which should not be confused. Ayala's conclusion that Thoday's definitions imply that fitness will always decrease with time is not correct.


Information security, a strategic issue which related to social stability, political and economical life, has placed great impact on people's ordinary activities and the national security. At present, our country is facing with serious challenges in keeping information security at home and abroad. Leading cadres at all levels should understand the great importance of strengthening the capacity of information security and acquire sufficient knowledge about potential threats on the internet. Through different channels,they should improve the ability of protecting information security and keep a safe environment when dealing with various kinds of information.


The mainstream media representations of Sri Lanka's migrant housemaids are usually based on nationalist discourses on women and portray these women as weak victims of circumstances who are forced to take up such employment. This paper demonstrates that women's migration for employment represents a form of resistance to hegemonic patriarchal control that constrains their movements within their villages. This resistance, however, is manifested at various levels in various forms and is always fraught with contradictions. These women's multiple positioning differently affect their ability to negotiate new positions within local power relations after they return to their village. Their actions contribute to a process that gradually changes existing structures. This highlights the creativity and strength of rural Sri Lankan women in crafting a viable space of action by circumventing many constraints.


Chromium and boron compounds have potential for structural applications which require high temperature strength because of their high melting point, chemical stability, hardness and strength. Ball-milling of elemental powder mixtures without external heat application has been processed as a mechanism for the mechanochemical synthesis of high melting point compounds. Chromium and amorphous boron elemental powder mixtures at atomic ratios of 1:1 and 1:2 were processed for 10-40h in a planetary ball-mill. CrB2 was formed at a low yield after 10-30h of milling the 1:2 mixture using tungsten carbide balls. However, a single phase of CrB2 was found by XRD, after the as-milled Cr-B (1:2) mixture was annealed at 900°C for 2h. A single phase of CrB was formed by annealing the Cr-B (1:1) mixture at 1000°C for 2h. Ball-milling of the elemental powder mixtures before annealing significantly reduced the reaction temperature necessary for chromium boride synthesis. The as-milled Cr-B (1:2) mixture contained fewer contaminations (tungsten and cobalt) than the as milled Cr-B (1:1) mixture. The lattice parameters of the chromium borides obtained agree with previously reported measurements.


The period of practices constitutes one of the more wished and important moments during the initial training of the education students. In this period, the students complete their theoretical knowledges with an adapted educational practice. The general purpose of this research is to investigate the ideas and requirements of the students in registered at a Faculty of Training. The researching design was a descriptive study with pretest ‐ postest evaluations, being. The sample 379 22 year-old students on average who were registered in the practicum of education. The results show small differences of practicum's attitudes between the students of different specialities. About the requirements expressed by the students, they claim more attention by the agents who are involved in their period of practices. Based on this results, a model of practices is suggested.


Major and trace element analyses have been obtained by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence for the Geological Survey of Japan Igneous rock series and selected samples from the Sedimentary rock series reference samples. Additional trace element data for the Igneous rock series were obtained by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Samples were analyzed multiple times for 10 major elements (with loss-on-ignition) and the following trace elements; As, Ba, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Eu, Ga, Hf, La, Lu, Nb, Nd, Ni, Pb, Rb, Sb, Sc, Sm, Sr, Ta, Tb, Th, U, V, W, Y, Yb, Zn and Zr.


Dynamic radiographic imaging of the mouth, larynx, pharynx, and esophagus during swallowing is used commonly in clinical diagnosis, treatment and research. Images are recorded on videotape and interpreted conventionally by visual perceptual methods, limited to specific measures in the time domain and binary decisions about the presence or absence of events. An image processing system using personal computer hardware and original software has been developed to facilitate measurement of temporal, spatial and temporospatial parameters. Digitized image sequences derived from videotape are manipulated and analyzed interactively. Animation is used to preserve context and increase efficiency of measurement. Filtering and enhancement functions heighten image clarity and contrast, improving visibility of details which are not apparent on videotape. Distortion effects and extraneous head and body motions are removed prior to analysis, and spatial scales are controlled to permit comparison among subjects. Effects of image processing on intra- and interjudge reliability and research applications are discussed.


In the article methods of naming tests, scales and classifications in rehabilitation on the material of French and Ukrainian languages are considered. The relevance of intelligence is determined by the need to compile a French-Ukrainian vocabulary of rehabilitation. The main methods of work were descriptive, comparative, observations and classifications, as well as lexico-semantic analysis. Scientific novelty is due to the fact that for the first time a comparative analysis of the terminology of rehabilitation on the material of the French and Ukrainian languages is conducted. The results of the work testify to the wide use of borrowings from the English language for the name of tests, scales and classifications in the terminology of the rehabilitation of the French language; use of eponyms and abbreviations, which leads to the emergence of synonymy.


Damerau-Levenshtein Distance is an algorithm that can solve word correction problems. This algorithm changes one word into another word using a specified set of edit operations. In word correction using Damerau-Levenshtein Distance, edit operations that can be performed are: substitution, insertion, deletion and transposition. However, the Damerau-Levenshtein Distance algorithm also has a weakness, which is a long processing time. In order for the system to be able to display word suggestions on the wrong string, the system must calculate the word with each word in the dictionary. The processing time will be longer if the dictionary used is very large, for example, the Indonesian Dictionary has more than 30,000 basic words. So that in this study, a dictionary distribution based on the number of characters to shorten the processing time. The use of a distributed dictionary speeds up the Damerau-Levenshtein Distance algorithm by 29.04 seconds.


Computer-based educational environments, like Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITSs), have been used to enhance human learning. These environments aim at increasing student achievement by providing individualized instructions. It has been recognized that individualized learning is more effective than the conventional learning. Student models which are used to capture student knowledge underlie the individualized learning. In recent decades, various competing student models have been proposed. However, some diagnostic information in student behaviors is usually ignored by these models. Furthermore, to individualize learning paths, student models should capture prerequisite structures of fine-grained skills. However, acquiring skill structures requires much knowledge engineering effort. We improve student models for individualized learning with respect to the two aspects. On one hand, in order to improve the diagnostic ability of a student model, we introduce the diagnostic feature—student error patterns. To deal with the noise in student performance data, we extend a sound probabilistic model to incorporate erroneous responses. The results show that the diagnostic feature improves the prediction accuracy of student models. On the other hand, we target on discovering prerequisite structures of skills from student performance data. It is a challenging task, since student knowledge of a skill is a latent variable. We propose a two-phase method to discover skill structure from noisy observations. Our method is validated on simulated data and real data. In addition, we verify that prerequisite structures of skills can improve the accuracy of a student model.


Nowadays,books are sold at great discounts in and outside bookstall,which causes unfair competition in bookmarket,eventually do harm to publication.It is analyzed the causes and results of this phenomenon,and aimed to come up with ways of reform in publishing system,the perfection of relevant laws and regulations for scientific management and standard publication in this paper.


The introduction of the pure even partition of set number,given some nature of it with the pure even partition of set number,it has an expression of the number of Bernoulli,get a tangent that the tangent recursion number and binary polynomials of a relationship.


The ability to infer internal states of others is a hallmark of human social reasoning. It is central to both interpersonal interactions and team dynamics. This includes reasoning about relationships between others, such as cooperative and competitive relationships. Here, we present a system that enables virtual agents to exhibit the same social reasoning abilities. In particular, we show that analogical reasoning is sufficient for modeling relationships between virtual agents in stag-hunt, a simple stochastic prisoner's dilemma-style game, without the need for an explicit underlying model of cooperation. Furthermore, we show that the analogical model can predict agents' future actions based on their prior behavior.


Growing concern over greenhouse gas emissions and their adverse effect on the environment has prompted research on identifying means to control and reduce these emissions across various sectors. In transportation, vehicle emissions are strongly correlated with driver behaviour. Currently, in research on relating driving behaviour with emissions, driving cycles that are assumed to be constant regardless of vehicle type for a specific area are used to analyse emissions. However, a more realistic model of driving behaviour would enable better estimation of such emissions which can consequently be used to support decision making and policy design. Currently, in the field of transportation management, driving behaviour is generally modelled using driving cycles. Using a single driving cycle, however, is simplistic for emission estimation purposes as there is significant variance in the driving behaviour of different vehicle types on


Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the increase in tear meniscus height (TMH) induced by 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution in eyes with contact lens (CL). Methods Ten healthy subjects wearing high-water-content CLs received topical instillation of two ophthalmic solutions – 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution in one eye and artificial tears in the other eye. Lower TMH was measured at 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes after instillation by anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Results TMH increased significantly (P<0.001) at 5 minutes and 15 minutes after instillation of saline compared with the baseline values. After instillation of 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution, TMH significantly increased (P<0.05) at 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes compared with the baseline values. Increases in TMH after diquafosol instillation were significantly greater (P<0.05) at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, and 60 minutes than increases in TMH after saline instillation. Conclusion Topical instillation of 3% diquafosol ophthalmic solution increases TMH for up to 60 minutes in eyes with high-water-content CLs.


velopmental closure defect characterized by the absence of diaphragm integrity or aperture in the diaphragm causing the abdominal organs to herniate from this opening. This pathological condition is also associated with severe pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension.1 CDH is most commonly located in the left posterolateral region in 75-90% of the cases. It is found on the right side in 10-15% of the cases and bilaterally at the rate of 1-2%.1


The AR-PDA project develops a framework that allows the use of mobile AR applications for the consumer market. Adapting existing technologies for PDAs (personal digital assistants), high speed wireless computing, computer graphics and computer vision, AR services will be provided at low costs. We discuss the suitability of mobile devices for AR, and address problems of wireless network transmissions and latencies. We present a first running prototype of a wireless PDA with AR features demonstrating a proof-of-concept for a mobile AR system that addresses the consumer market.


The present study describes and classifies latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems according to their structural characteristics. A general model is developed for analyzing the thermal characteristics of the various typical LHTES systems to simulate thermal characteristics such as instantaneous heat transfer rate, instantaneous thermal storage capacity, etc. of the various typical LHTES systems. The model can calculate some important but difficult to measure system parameters for monitoring the charging or discharging processes of the systems. The model is verified using experimental data in the literature. Results from the model can be used to discuss the influence of the characteristic geometric parameters of LHTES units, the physical properties of the phase change material (PCM), the flow type and the velocity of heat transfer fluid (HTF) on the system thermal performance and to identify the key factors influencing the system thermal performance. The general model can be used to select and optimize the system structure and to simulate the thermal behavior of various typical LHTES systems.


Privacy preserving is one of the most important research topics in the data security field. Cloud computing has become an integral part of IT industry, data owners share their outsourced data. Due to these vast amounts of information available on www large number of users attempts to retrieve certain specific data files they are interested in. To eliminate unnecessarily network traffic by not sending back the irrelevant data, ranked keyword search is used. To improve the search result accuracy as well as to enhance the user searching experience, it is necessary for such ranking system to support multi-keyword search is Proposed. The aim of this paper is to study and improve efficiency in privacy preserving over encrypted cloud data using multi-keyword ranked search technique. This paper has reviewed few algorithms and Technique related to multi-keyword ranked search to improve the search result accuracy as well as user searching experience can be enhanced . Keywords— CLOUD COMPUTING, CSP, PRMSM, MRSE etc. __________________________________________________*****_________________________________________________


In this work, electronic properties and structure–activity relationship (SAR) parameters of 20 novel drug precursor 6-acylbenzothiazolon derivatives with analgesic activity have been investigated theoretically by performing Austin Model-1 (AM1) and DFT-B3LYP/6-31G (d) calculations with the aim to correlate the properties of each substance—particularly electronic properties and SAR parameters—with the biological interactions that are linked to their pharmacological effects. Their molecular properties were related to the biological activity of these drug precursor molecules. The relationship between octanol–water partition coefficient (log P) and each of the SAR parameters [ELUMO–HOMO, molecular volume (Vm), ionization potential (IP), electron affinity, electronegativity (χ), chemical hardness (η), chemical softness (S), electrophilic index (ω), and molar refractivity] present linear correlation except for IP and χ. This result suggests that there are future prospects for designing or developing new drugs based on the correlation between the theoretically calculated parameters. According to AM1 calculation, the values of heat of formation of 6-acylbenzothiazolon derivatives are negative (exothermic), which shows that these molecules are thermodynamically stable. ELUMO–HOMO energy levels of the studied molecules are 4–5 eV, which also indicate that they are kinetically unstable. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011


In the following pages I intend to elaborate a point I touched on in a comparative analysis of Marlowe's Doctor Faustus and Shakespeare's The Tempest published several years ago] but for reasons of economy did not on that occasion develop beyond a preliminary suggestion. The argument of that earlier study was that The Tempest contains a dense network of verbal and situational echoes expressly calculated to invoke Doctor Faustus as a kind of precedent for itself, the purpose of this strategy being to advertise the status of Shakespeare's own play as a sustained meditation on, and deliberate reply to, its Marlovian predecessor. One of the problems at issue in both plays is that of the role to be attributed to knowledge in human affairs, and of the relation that should be established between what might formutaically be described as the intellectual and the moral dimensions of life, questions that ultimately concern the metaphysical identity of man himself. It was my contention in the paper I have cited that in his own treatment of these questions the author of The Tempest was examining the repercussions of, and in the end rejecting, Marlowe's pessimistic estimate of knowledge as a necessarily vitiating factor in human existence, offering in its stead the vision of a redeemed science capable of intervening positively in the world and promoting the noblest aspects of human nature. Since the word art is used as a virtual synonym for magic in both of these works of art, moreover, a certain amount of attention was also dedicated to the metadramatic elements pervading the two plays, and to the implication conveyed by means of such elements that there exists an analogy between the activity of the magician and that of the playwright himself. Marlowe's was not the only play of the period to explore the theme of magic, and what magic represents as a symbol of man's aspiration to exercise dominion over the natural world, his fellow human beings, and his own self. Another drama dealing with the issue of magic is Ben Jonson's The Alchemist, and although the magic depicted is of the fraudulent kind practiced by a thoroughly cynical charlatan, the play constitutes in its own way as telling a commentary as any on the equivocal role played by esoteric knowledge in human life. A number of critics have commented on the conceptions of magic evinced in Shakespeare's works and in those of his fellow playwrights, 2 and it has more than once been suggested that in writing The Tempest Shakespeare might have been in some measure influenced by Jonson as well as by Marlowe.


A new design-oriented introductory circuits core course in the Electrical Engineering department at Penn State University, USA, is described. The course uses an integrated lecture-lab approach with modular lab assignments that are based on the design, construction and verification of the electronic components of a simple compact disk (CD) player. Each week, new circuit concepts, elements and topologies are introduced by relating them to a functional block of the CD player. In addition, the use of integrated design tools are emphasized. Initial student feedback indicates that the new course goals of providing a solid conceptual foundation for introductory electrical engineering circuit concepts while improving motivation and providing an exposure to integrated design have been met.


In this article, we propose a deep architecture stemming from a perturbed composite attention mechanism with the following two novel attention modules: Multilevel perturbed spatial attention (MPSA) and multidimension attention (MDA) for macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) image (scan) classification. MPSA is designed by adding positive perturbations to the attention layers, thereby amplifying both the salient regions of input images and discriminative features obtained from intermediate layers of the network. On the other hand, the MDA encodes the normalized interdependency of spatial information among various channels of the extracted feature maps. The perturbed composite attention mechanism enables the new architecture to automatically extract relevant diagnostic features at different levels of feature representation resulting in the superior classification of macular diseases such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema (DME), and choroidal neovascularization (CNV). The proposed end-to-end trainable architecture does not require preprocessing steps, such as region of interest extraction, denoising, and retinal flattening, making the network more robust and fully automatic. Experimental results on three macular OCT datasets and ablation studies show that our proposed network outperforms the current state-of-the-art methodologies.


T he immensity of the Southern Ocean and the abundance of its living resources guarantee that it will be a focal point of international research well into the future. A key component of the Southern Ocean ecosystem is the shrimplike Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba,l which dominates the waters south of the Antarctic Convergence, a circumpolar front where northward-flowing Antarctic surface water meets warmer, southward-flowing subantarctic water (see map, p. 240). Krill predominate in the diets of many species, and all Antarctic marine vertebrates


In order to anticipate the effects of global change on ecosystem function, it is essential that predictive relationships be established linking ecosystem function to global change scenarios. The Mojave Desert is of considerable interest with respect to global change. It contains the driest habitats in North America, and thus most closely approximates the world's great arid deserts. In order to examine the effects of climate and land use changes, in 2001 we established a long-term manipulative global change experiment, called the Mojave Global Change Facility. Manipulations in this study include the potential effects of (1) increased summer rainfall (75 mm over three discrete 25 mm events), (2) increased nitrogen deposition (10 and 40 kg ha-1), and (3) the disturbance of biological N-fixing crusts . Questions addressed under this grant shared the common hypothesis that plant and ecosystem performance will positively respond to the augmentation of the most limiting resources to plant growth in the Mojave Desert, e.g., water and nitrogen. Specific hypotheses include (1) increased summer rainfall will significantly increase plant production through an alleviation of moisture stress in the dry summer months, (2) N-deposition will increase plant production in this N-limited system, particularly in wet years or in concert with added summer rain, and (3) biological crust disturbance will gradually decrease bio-available N, with concomitant long-term reductions in photosynthesis and ANPP. Individual plant and ecosystem responses to global change may be regulated by biogeochemical processes and natural weather variability, and changes in plant and ecosystem processes may occur rapidly, may occur only after a time lag, or may not occur at all. During the first PER grant period, we observed changes in plant and ecosystem processes that would fall under each of these time-response intervals: plant and ecosystem processes responded rapidly to added summer rain, whereas most processes responded slowly or in a lag fashion to N-deposition and with no significant response to crust disturbance. Therefore, the primary objectives of this renewal grant were to: (1) continue ongoing measurements of soil and plant parameters that assess primary treatment responses; (2) address the potential heterogeneity of soil properties and (3) initiate a new suite of measurements that will provide data necessary for scaling/modeling of whole-plot to ecosystem-level responses. Our experimental approach included soil plant-water interactions using TDR, neutron probe, and miniaturized soil matric potential and moisture sensors, plant ecophysiological and productivity responses to water and nitrogen treatments and remote sensing methodologies deployed on a radio control platform. We report here the most significant findings of our study.


Evaluation to development plan is an important management step in the demonstration of the development of military equipment. In this paper, the applications of artificial neural network (ANN) for evaluating development plan of automation command system is discussed, an index system fo evaluation is also proposed. Thus, the BP neural network evaluation model is set up, its structure is carefully designed. This model possesses strong functions of study, association and fault tolerance. The actual example shows that the method proposed in this paper is feasible and simpler, and provides a new way for evaluating the development plan of automation command system.


Measurements were made of the electromotive forces in the concentratlon chains Mg/MgCl/sub 2/ + (KCl, LiCl, NaCl)/Mg + Pb in alloys in the temperature range 650 to 700 C. The activity coefficient, partial values for isobar- isothermal potential, and the excess of magnesium and lead potential at 700 C were estimated. (R.V.J.)


A 4-year-old male child, born to nonconsanguineous parents, was brought with a history of a fleshy red mass in both eyes and abnormally shaped eyelids since birth. Evaluation revealed delayed developmental milestones and temporoparietal alopecia over the right side along with focal areas of hyperpigmented skin over the face, chest, back, and both upper limbs. Ocular evaluation revealed skin tags over the upper eyelids, epibulbar dermoid along with upper lid coloboma, and microcornea in both eyes. He had deformed temporoparietal bones on both sides. Magnetic resonance imaging brain revealed generalized cerebral atrophy with prominent Virchow–Robin spaces and enlarged ventricular system but atypically normal corpus callosum. He was diagnosed as an atypical variant of Delleman syndrome (a rare congenital disorder involving eyes, skin, and brain and comprising orbital cyst, eyelid colobomas, skin appendages, polymicrogyria as well as characteristic mid-hindbrain abnormalities). Multidisciplinary treatment approach and long-term neurological follow-up are recommended in these patients.


The paper encompasses such fields as language, communication, text, law in terms of legal communication. According to language, I try to define the language itself as well as the linguistic focusing mainly on accomplishments of De Saussure. Secondly, it was introduced the subject of communication and its history while taking into consideration the purpose of the paper: legal communication. Legal communication is based on juridical language and legal language. I discussed them and emphasised distinctions between them. This part of the paper, which I can describe as an introduction part, ends with an indication of the research on the field of legal communication. The second part deals in general with communication and problems concerning this matter. I paid attention to the problem of communicativeness, because this matter is not as easy to be provided in legal communication as it seems to be. I moved on to the text as a part of legal communication, its main assumptions which by scholars are perceived as unable to be fulfilled and levels of interpretation this kind of text. This topic is followed by the issue of terminology which is the key to understand the text relating to law. Then I come back to the language, however, this time I point out the command of Polish language, its culture and the language of law stressing aspects regarding correctness. I decided also to include the subject of legal translation which apart from the issues mentioned above needs the specialised knowledge. The final part presents the main thoughts and my conclusions noticing the mutual influence between presented areas as well as the general need of expanding knowledge specifically in relation to language and law.


The substantiation of the implementation of a lighting control system in classrooms was carried out on the basis of modelling scenes of natural, artificial and combined lighting of classrooms at different times of the day and the year, in two specialized programs: DIALux and Relux. It is shown that with combined lighting there is a significant unevenness of illumination on the calculated surface of the desks, which negatively affects the physical and psychological state of students. It has been established that the most effective solution to this problem is the installation of lamps with smooth control function, light and presence sensors. Examples of sensor placement in Relux are given, providing three-zone regulation of luminous flux from each of the rows of lighting devices (LD) in the classroom. It is the arrangement that allows us to maintain the level and uniformity of illumination with combined lighting and will significantly save energy.
The current state analysis of the Russian market of LD recommended by manufacturers for classroom lighting is carried out, their characteristics are considered and compliance with the current energy efficiency requirements is assessed. Conclusions and forecasts are made. They are connected with the further development of LED lighting equipment for classroom lighting. The mentioned conclusions are based on the necessity for constant improvement of the modern nomenclature of LD view of their energy efficiency and competitiveness.


The legal bases of duties of reasonable consideration are expressed in this paper.Choosing sci-tech periodicals in Jiangsu Province that engaging in web publishing as research objects,the authors elaborate that periodical offices should carry out the duties of reasonable consideration from many aspects of copyrights of works,network links,network advertisement,sci-tech security,political issues,and so on in the background of a harmonious society.Publishing contracts between authors and periodical offices should take priority.In course of editing and publishing,"three times examination"(i.e.responsible editors' initial evaluation,peer review and chief editor's final decision on the manuscripts) and "three times proofreading" should be strictly performed.More attention should be paid to editors' vocational training and archive management.Consequently,legal disputes could be avoided and legitimate rights and interests of both authors and periodical offices could be guaranteed.


A procedure to select an optimum irrigation method for specified field conditions is presented. The procedure is developed on the basis of indices that show the acceptability of the irrigation methods to the selection parameters (crop density, type of sowing or planting, slope of the field, infiltration rate of the soil, etc.), cost, and financial feasibility criteria.


. The efficiency of carbon-based dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is improved by mixing titania with graphene (GR) sheets. The composite films of GR sheets and TiO 2 were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The grinding of GR with TiO 2 leads to smaller size TiO 2 nanoparticles which increases their surface area. The photovoltaic efficiency varied with the mixing ratio giving the highest efficiency at a ratio of 1 wt. % of GR to TiO 2 . The increase in the photovoltaic efficiency is more than doubled the one without GR under the same conditions. Mesoporous carbon from candle flame and N3 dye were used instead of Pt and N719 dye to reduce the cost. 2.5, 3 and 5 wt. %). The above results show that incorporating the GR ratio in TiO 2 film for photo anode electrode up to 1 wt. % helps to increase the electro-catalytic reaction and intake of N3 dye.


THE USE OF SEVEN-ELECTRODE SYNTHETIC REMOTE RESISTANCE LOGGING IN STUDIES ON COLLECTOR ROCKS WITH FISSURE-TYPE POROSITY

Summary
Seven-electrode synthetic remote resistance logging, SPOst-7, was used for determining fissure porosity of carbonate rocks by "two-solution method". The paper presents results of studies on fissurity of carbonat rocks, carried out using the SPOst-7 method. Measurements were taken in boreholes penetrating Cretaceous-Jurassic carbonate complex in the Carpathian Przedgorze region. There are given examples of sets of measurement data recorded in the boreholes as well as practical comments and conclusions concerning the conditions of use and effectiveness of the used methods of borehole electrometry (POst-3( SPOst-7) in studies on carbonate collectors with fissure porosity by "two-solution method" on the basis of experimental measurements taken in boreholes. The measurements showed that the SPOst-7 method is more advantageous than the POst-3 on account of this higher accuracy and usability in boreholes of any depth.


When gardening and Caribbean islands are mentioned, one cannot but think of Jamaica Kincaid and of the way in which she has articulated the complex relationship between colonialism and gardens, between people and notions such as place and situatedness. The very idea of nature in the Caribbean is strongly connoted, bearing the brunt of age-old associations with exoticism, mystery, unpredictability, or even madness. The symbolic meanings gardens take on in this region are therefore numerous and multifaceted, and if some have been lengthily discussed, others might still be worth exploring. Such is the case of backyards and vegetable gardens in Maryse Condé's En Attendant la Montée des Eaux: in a violence-torn, poverty-afflicted, and politically unstable Haiti, the orphaned Movar makes people's lives more bearable by recreating beauty around them, and by giving order to their unruly surroundings. His actions are more than a simple imposition of man over nature, they are also a metaphoric restoration of a lost balance, long forgotten because of other men's blind exploitation of both human and natural resources in an environment rendered all the more fragile by its fluctuating weather patterns. This paper presents some considerations on Caribbean soil ecologies, with a particular focus on Guadeloupe and Haiti, and on the ways in which the gardener-garden relationship might contribute to restoring damaged ecosystems. Through the character of Movar and the Jardin d'Allah he tends to, concepts such as care time, reciprocal gardening and plant agency are explored. The precarious contexts in which acts of gardening take place allow for the words of Maryse Condé to be read as a paradigm for finding rootedness and balance in a politically, socially, and ecologically suffering world. Finally, Movar's story is translated on a global scale, as an effective model of social sustainability and responsibility.


There is a possible link between exposure to Triclosan (TCS) and changes in antimicrobial susceptibility. The change in the tolerance of clinical Escherichia coli (n=45) isolates to the biocide TCS, changes in antibiotic resistance and differences in the efflux pump mechanism were analyzed. 45 E. coli isolates were obtained. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of TCS, and the expression of four efflux pump encoding genes in antibiotic-resistant isolates were determined before and after TCS adaptation. The number of TCS-tolerant isolates was 11 (24.4%). After adaptation, the percentage of tolerant isolates increased to 42.2% (n=19). A significant change (p<0.05) in antimicrobial resistance of the tested isolates (n=45) before and after TCS adaptation was detected for ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, ertapenem, imipenem, amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and doxycycline. Among the new TCS tolerant isolates (n=8). there was an increase in TCS MIC as well as the MBC after TSC adaptation. The adapted isolates exhibited a significant increase in the expression of mdfA and norE genes (p=<0.001). There is a strong correlation between efflux pump gene overexpression and susceptibility to TCS and other antimicrobials.


The development objective of the Youth Opportunities Project for Liberia is to improve access to income generation opportunities for targeted youth and improve efficiency in cash transfers to targeted households in Liberia. Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) replacement by a piece of land of equivalent agricultural potential located in the vicinity of the affected plot or cash compensation at full replacement value if there is substantial evidence that the piece of land taken is not critical to the landowners' or user's livelihood; (2) cash compensation for standing crops that cannot be harvested prior to land entry, counted at cut-off date and negotiated based on to land valuation board rates; (3) resettlement to a similar dwelling in similar location or cash compensation at full replacement value of structure, taking into account market values for structures and materials; (4) cost of moving the affected structure back to project-affected land; (5) cash compensation of any loss of income incurred as a result of the project, including during the transition period where the farmer is resettled; and (6) redundancy payment as per prescription of Act 651 (section 65) to be provided resettlement assistance to a place where they can legally live and work in lieu of compensation for land occupied.


To resolve the integer ambiguities of the GPS L1 and L2 carrier phases on the fly, two types of wide-lane phase combination are formed, resulting in 86.2 and 162.8 cm signal wavelengths, respectively. Large lane spacings facilitate the determination of a correct ambiguity vector by a least-squares trial-and-error approach, in which double-difference phases between the satellite and the receiver serve as a mathematical model. An algebraic relationship of extra-wide-lane integer ambiguity to wide-lane ambiguity is derived and used to advantage. Based on independently surveyed reference values of short baseline vectors (< 5.0 km), kinematic positioning accuracies on the order of 0.4-2.8 cm are achievable during low ionospheric activity.


A mobile communication system (100) which supports an LTE communication terminal (102) and an LTE-A communication terminal (103).  The frequency band width of the mobile communication system (100) is divided into a main frequency band and one or more sub frequency bands.  When a base station (101) receives operation width information showing an operable frequency band width of the communication terminal (102, 103) from the communication terminal (102, 103), the base station (101) sets the main frequency band and a sub frequency band selected by the base station (101) as the operation frequency band of the communication terminal to the communication terminal (102, 103), determines, out of the set operation frequency band, a sub frequency band to which PDCCH is assigned, and assigns the PDCCH of LTE to the determined sub frequency band.


Pure vertical nystagmus typically signifies brainstem or cerebellar dysfunction and can sometimes be modulated by head position. Here we report the first case of positional periodic alternating vertical nystagmus as the sole manifestation of a PCA-Tr–associated paraneoplastic encephalitis associated with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL).


Research continues to change and challenge dermatologists' understanding of rosacea, said Frank C. Powell, M.D., at the 2012 annual meeting of the American Academy of Dermatology.


Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-I) is a human retrovirus which causes adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and is implicated in neurological disease. ATL patients and other HTLV-1 infected people produce antibodies to several viral proteins including the core (gag) antigen. The detection of anti-gag antibodies, in addition to anti-envelope antibodies, in the sera of infected individuals and donated blood products forms the basis for screening assays to ensure a supply of HTLV-I free blood for medical use. We have sequenced the gag gene from the HTLV-1 isolate MT-2 (1). This gag sequence shares extensive homology with the gag genes from HTLV-I isolates ATK and HS-35 exhibiting 98.8% and 97.9% homology, respectively (2,3). This homology represents four amino acid differences in the gag polyprotein between isooates MT-2 and ATK and three variations between MT-2 and HS-35. The gag genes from HTLV-I proviral isolates are much more closely related than the corresponding gag genes found in the human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 (4). The limited variability among HTLV-I gag genes, suggests that blood screening tests based on the detection of antibodies to gag proteins are valid.


Repetitive operation of high-power microwave (HPM) sources is primarily restricted by thermal properties of anode and cathode materials. Note that even in single shot operation, vircators generally inject undesired plasma from the anode/cathode surfaces under high current densities, leading to excessive heating of electrode materials, vacuum degradation and impedance collapse that may ultimately lead to cut-off of microwave power. Heating of the anode and cathode materials during repetitive operation intensifies these problems and will cause accelerated erosion and/or permanent damage of the anode and cathode surfaces, especially when metallic electrodes are used. Hence, the vircator herein utilizes a carbon fiber cathode and a pyrolytic graphite anode. This paper elucidates the heating of the anode and cathode, and their spectrally resolved black-body radiation properties during repetitive operation.


In the recent years, foreign language learning has become a compulsory subject in the first triad of primary school. Lessons are taught in accordance with the learner's development and interests and their knowledge is assessed in a descriptive manner. A descriptive mark is based on how well a pupil meets knowledge standards in accordance with the English language syllabus.
In order to assess pupils successfully, the process of teaching should motivate pupils for learning while the process of assessing should give relevant results of pupils' knowledge. Pupils should be motivated to participate in activities which involve assessment, they should also feel well throughout the process and the teachers should test what they teach.
The description of the pupil's achievement and the descriptive mark itself are a complex problem for some of the teachers, especially for those who haven't gone through the process of descriptive assessment yet.
The results of an evaluation research are described in the practical part of this master's thesis which was carried out among a group of second graders (28 pupils). On the basis of the theoretical knowledge and practical experience, various methods of assessment were introduced into practice, with the aim to provide a realistic picture of the pupils' knowledge. They were organized and carried out in a student-friendly way while they also followed all the principles of assessment: validity, reliability, objectivity, sensitivity and economy.
Possible assessment techniques were described and tested young learners' listening and hearing comprehension and their speaking and communication skills. Furthermore an evaluation of the process and its possible improvements can guide the teachers of English to young pupils to reflect on their practical experience, while different forms of assessment which are shown and tested in this master's thesis may be introduced into their lessons.


DC-link current is an important parameter for selection and design of DC-link capacitor or battery. Considering the AC current ripple, this study introduced a general DC-link current real-time prediction method for three-phase two-level voltage inverters (three-phase 2L-VSI) using the pulse width modulation. Compared with the traditional analysis which just takes AC average current into consideration, the time-domain comparison and spectral analysis of DC-link current have been studied. Meanwhile, accurate calculation of RMS current on the DC-link capacitor has been provided. Simulation results and experimental results are provided to support the analysis and proposed method.


We report on the oxidation and regeneration, at a GaAs electrode, of polysulfides present in (NH4)2Sn aqueous solutions. The concentration of the polysulfide ions can be monitored by optical absorption spectroscopy. Thus, the variation of their concentration at a "GaAs/(NH4)2Sn solution" interface, under anodic potential, was followed by in situ UV−visible spectroelectrochemistry performed in thin layer conditions and in galvanostatic mode. Under these conditions, the variation of the solution absorption at the interface allowed us, on one hand, to confirm that the polysulfides are oxidized at a GaAs electrode, leading to the release of S°, and, on the other hand, to underscore that S° reacts with HS- ions to restore polysulfides. Moreover, it was shown that the main polysulfide species present in a 1% (NH4)2Sn aqueous solution is the pentasulfide ion, S52-. Finally, this work shows that under definite conditions of anodic current and electrolyte composition, the surface of the GaAs anode is neither oxidi...


This article introduces two aspects we should pay attention to when we design reading comprehension: 1) the content and the degree of difficulty should be appropriate; 2) the design should be skillful.


Energy efficient multiple-target tracking is an important application of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Most prior studies consider tracking multiple tar- gets as an extension of executing a single target tracking algorithm multiple times, and use a single parameter for energy efficiency. We consider various factors such as mul- tiple targets tracked by the sensor, remaining energy of the sensor and relative location of the sensor with respect to a target's motion, in order to decide the tracking state of a sensor in a distributed environment. Further, we explore and identify the effective combination of these parameters to optimize energy usage, depending on specific network conditions. We then propose the Adaptive Multi-Target Tracking (AMTT) algorithm that can recognize the network condition based on local information without centralized coordination, and uses effective parameters to achieve en- ergy efficiency.


11514Background: Metastatic breast cancers are difficult to treat and generally fatal. Uncovering the genetic landscape of these cancers could reveal the mechanisms of those behaviors. Large sequen...


Poisoning is a public health problem worldwide and is one of the most common reasons for attendance at hospital emergency departments (EDs). Knowledge of the epidemiology of poisoning and its changes is important to both emergency physicians and public health practitioners. We conducted a two-year hospital-based study in Tainan area to assess the pattern of poisoning. A total of 1512 poisoning cases were recorded at the EDs during the study period, corresponding to an average of 4.2 poisonings per 1000 ED visits. In the epidemiological study, drugs were the dominant poisoning agents involved (49.9%), followed by pesticides (14.5%). Suicidal attempts with pesticides are common in southern Taiwan, and glyphosate-surfactant herbicide (GlySH) has been frequently used in suicide attempts in many Asia-Pacific countries. Most of the GlySH agents are formulated commercial products containing isopropylamine salt of glyphosate (IPAG), variable amount of a surfactant, and water. GlySH poisoning could cause severe clinical symptoms, and some predictors of fatality were identified, including pulmonary edema, hyperkalemia, and acidosis. Furthermore, in the swine study, we demonstrated that both IPAG and the surfactant, polyoxyethyleneamine (POEA) infusion affected hemodynamics and resulted in death, whereas glyphosate (G) had no similar effects. A study on cultured murine hepatocytes (AML-12) was undertaken to explore the mechanism of cytotoxicity induced by IPAG and G. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated both IPAG and G could cause collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to apoptotic death of murine hepatocytes. However, the analysis of cell viability showed IPAG caused more cell death than G in the same concentration and incubation time. Further studies that clarify more precisely the mechanisms of the synergistic effect of G and isopropylamine and collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential are required.


FIELD: food industry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to dairy industry. Whey is collected. Whey is ultrafiltered for removal of lactose and water using ceramic membranes with pore diameter of 0.01 mcm at a temperature of 15 °C and pressure of 0.3 MPa. Before ultrafiltration whey is not subjected to application of chitosan. Concentrate is fed for microfiltration using ceramic membranes with pore diameter 0.8 mcm and is carried out at a temperature of 15 °C and pressure of 0.2 MPa, where a considerable part of fat is removed. Obtained solution of protein and lactose is fed for diafiltration, where ceramic membranes with pore diameter of 0.01 mcm are used and is carried out at a temperature of 15 °C and pressure of 0.3 MPa, where lactose is washed with an additional amount of water. Product is packed. EFFECT: invention is aimed at reducing time required for production of whey protein concentrate, simple process. 1 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl, 1 ex