We evaluate the elastic properties of glass, carbon, and flax fibers that are used to manufacture composite materials. The transverse elastic properties of fibers are more difficult to measure than the longitudinal properties. But the knowledge of the transverse properties is mandatory to predict correctly the mechanical behavior of a composite material. We apply the laser resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) technique to evaluate the transverse Young modulus and Poisson ratio of fibers. The mechanical vibrations of a cross section are generated by a pulsed subnanosecond laser beam focused and shaped on the fiber as a line parallel to the fiber. The vibrations are detected optically by the probe beam of an interferometer, focused at the zone of excitation. The measured eigenfrequencies range from 5 MHz for flax fibers to 500 MHz for carbon and glass fibers. Using finite element modeling, the eigenmodes of fibers are identified and the mechanical properties of the fiber materials are evaluated. The transverse elastic properties of carbon fibers are significantly different from the longitudinal properties. For flax fibers, the strong damping of modes which is observed could explain the strong damping of flax fiber reinforced polymers.


Chemodectomas of head and neck region are rare, highly vascularized tumors which are categorized with respect to their site of origin and may be observed with periodical imaging or treated using either a single modality or multimodal approach including the primary management strategies of surgery and Radiation Therapy (RT). Temporal Bone Chemodectomas (TBC) include the tympanomastoid chemodectomas with modified Fisch Class A and B, and tympanojugular chemodectomas with modified Fisch Class C and D. An indolent disease course with low growth rate is typical for the majority of these mostly benign tumors, however, abrupt manifestation with severe symptomatology may also occur rarely in affected patients due to the mass effect with or without local invasion of critical neurovascular structures such as the internal carotid artery, jugular bulb, and lower cranial nerves. Affected patients may suffer from a plethora of symptoms such as otalgia, vertigo, pulsatile tinnitus, hearing impairment, headache, dysphagia, and dizziness. While surgery has been the traditional primary mode of treatment for these tumors, RT and more recently radiosurgery have been incorporated in management to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes. Herein, we provide a concise review of RT for temporal bone chemodectomas.


Obesity in the young is a public health priority. The present study assessed the association between obesity and dental caries. A total of 2688 students were examined from three schools. The students from private school were more obese than government school. The study was done by means of an anthropometric study using height/weight indices according to WHO criteria and National Center for Health Statistics guidelines. BMI and DMFT indices were used . The prevalence of caries was 19.1%.No correlation between dental decay in obese and non-obese children was detected (p=0.99). These findings support US population based literature and study done by Pinto et al .Nevertheless, the impact of interventions to address the epidemic in the dental setting has not been investigated. As a part of health care team, dentist and dental students should be exposed to the changing demographics and sequelae of overweight in children.


The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of leg muscle power, maximal oxygen, and achievement motivation on breaststroke swimming athlete. This research used a survey method to see the direct relationship between height variables, leg muscle power, maximal oxygen volume, achievement motivation on breaststroke swimming athletes. The sample used 42 people who were determined by purposive male swimmers aged 15-17 years and had participated in the championship. Performed an all-out 50-m breaststroke swimming test in a 50-m pool. The data analysis technique uses path analysis. The results of the analysis of each variable have direct effects where: Body height has a positive direct effect on swimming skills (R² = 0.308), leg muscle power has a positive direct effect on swimming skills (R² = 0.548), 3) the energy cost of oxygen has an effect positive direct to swimming skills of (R² = 0.519), motivation has a positive direct effect on athlete swimming skills with (R² = 0.419). Of the five-leg muscle power variables that have the greatest influence on breaststroke, swimming speed is 54.8% the remaining 45.2% is caused by other factors such as weather conditions, mental state, nutrition, recovery and health conditions of athletes.


Background and Aim : Giving bad news is an inevitable part of medical profession. There are different opinions about telling the truth and giving bad news to patients in different cultures and societies. Thus, purpose of this study was investigating attitudes of cancer patients about methods of awareness of bad news. Materials and Methods : The study was cross-sectional research that has been done on a sample of 160 people of cancer patients. This study used questionnaire that its validity was confirmed by communication sciences professors and medical experts. The reliability of questionnaire and Cronbach's alpha for all items of the questionnaire was 95 percent in estimating validity of questionnaire was determined that all questions were significantly correlated. SPSS software, regression analysis and Fisher test were used. Ethical Considerations : In this study, verbal informed consent of participants was obtained followed by an explanation about the purpose of the study, anonymity and confidentiality of patients' information. Findings : In this study investigated 160 patient point of view.37.5% of participants were men and 62.5 of them were women (18-77years). The results show that 57.7 % of patients agreed with historical approach, 78.8% of them agreed with direct source style and 94.4% agreed with informal style of giving information. 18.1% of patients disagree with the flow of the companions of patients of the disease. Conclusion : Findings indicates on better breaking of the bad news to the patients with a historical approach and telling to the patient by physician, directly. Citation:  Karimi Rahjerdi A, Nasiri B, Shamshiri AR. Study on Attitudes of Cancer Patients about Breaking Ways of Bad News. Bioeth Health Law J. 2017; 1(2):49-54.


Infection control and microbiology can be difficult subjects to grasp, but the new edition of Dinah Gould and Chris Brooker's book is easy to read and understand.


Chinese-specific framework that other researchers could use. However, one feature that makes this book stand out from existing research is the robust DNVA framework, which plays a leading role and enables practical applications. The DNVA framework can be used in English reading and cross-cultural communication classes, greatly enhancing students' understanding of discourse and their perception of other cultures. It is an indispensable reference for discourse analysis and can be used as a textbook for graduate students and scholars wanting to apply DNVA in their own contexts. It is also useful for all those interested in language teaching involving multimodal discourse. In short, this book not only offers new insights to researchers engaged in inter-semiotic, intertextual, and interlinguistic studies, but also suggests new avenues of inquiry for critical discourse studies on national identity.


This paper aims to show two things. The first is how Japanese culture has contributed to the development of Japanese cost accounting history. The second is to reveal the research possibilities of cost accounting history. This paper also reviews the salient features of several important examples of these aspects of cost accounting practice in Japan. It therefore explores, through some practical illustrations, how and why Japanese cost accounting differs from that found in the West.


Differential The study evaivated the predictive validity of a battery of preschool tests, chosen to represent the core areas of preschool assessment, across race and sex. Predictive validity of the battery was examined crt!er a 12 month period utilizing 322 preschoolers (90 'white females, 86 white males, 73 black females, 73 black males). The prescEaol battery was administered at the end of kindergarten 'and the.Metropolitan Achievement Test at the end of first grade. A regression equation Was deteimined using all preschool measures to predict achievement scores. Predictions were made for.each *individual test, and residual terms were calculated. Residuals were submitted to a race by sex ANOVA for each subtest of the Metropolitan Achievement Test. No significant differences occurred in mean residuals between any pair of groups, indicating an absence of bias in prediction across ; race and sex with the large battery. When subsets of the larger battery were examined, sex bias in prediction was seen, indicating significant underprediction of female perforuance in some achieve-' ment areas. However, the magnitude of the effect was .small.


Flowers are colonized and inhabited by diverse microbes. Plants rapidly replace flowers with short lifespan, and old flowers senesce. This may contribute to avoiding adverse effects of the microbes. In this study, we investigate if the flower microbial community on old flowers impedes fruit and seed production in a wild ginger with one-day flowers. We inoculated newly opened flowers with old flower microbes, and monitored the effects on fruit and seed set. We also assessed prokaryotic communities on the flowers using amplicon sequencing. We found six bacterial amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) whose proportions were increased on the inoculated flowers. These ASVs were also found on flower buds and flowers that were bagged by net or paper during anthesis, suggesting that they had been present in small numbers prior to flowering. Fruit set was negatively associated with the proportions of these ASVs, while seed set was not. The results suggest that old flowers harbor microbial communities different from those at anthesis, and that the microbes abundant on old flowers negatively affect plant reproduction. Though the short lifespan of flowers has gotten little attention, it might be an essential defense mechanism to cope with antagonistic microbes that rapidly proliferate on the flowers.


We report a case of chondrosarcoma in the ethmoid extending to the anterior skull base. A 71-year-old woman complained of a right-sided nasal obstruction for one month prior to visiting a regional hospital. Under a tentative diagnosis of an ethmoidal tumor, an endonasal endoscopic biopsy was performed. The histopathological diagnosis was grade-II chondrosarcoma, and the patient was referred to our department. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a tumor arising in the right ethmoid with extension to the orbit, nasal septum, sphenoid and cribriform plate. Ophthalmological findings were normal. She underwent tumor resection via a lateral rhinotomy combined with an anterior craniotomy followed by an immediate reconstruction of the skull base using a galeopericranial flap. Because the posterior surgical margin was microscopically tumor cell-positive, she was given postoperative radiotherapy (cyber knife). The patient is currently free from disease 6 months after surgery. The epidemiology, pathology, clinical characteristics and treatment of chondrosarcoma of the head and neck are reviewed.


Ethicist assumptions about the causes and solutions of environmental problems are widely held within environmental philosophy. It is typically assumed that an important cause of problems are the attitudes towards the natural environment held by individuals and that problems can be solved by getting people to adopt a more ethical orientation towards the environment. This article analyses and criticises these claims. Both the highly mediated nature of the relationship between individuals and the natural environment and the pervasive pressure on firms in market economies to reduce their costs provide reasons to question the ethicist assumptions.


We report a new determination of the faint end of the galaxy luminosity function in the nearby clusters Virgo and Abell 2199 using data from SDSS and the Hectospec multifiber spectrograph on the MMT. The luminosity function of A2199 is consistent with a single Schechter function to Mr = −15.6 + 5 log h70 with a faint-end slope of α = −1.13 ± 0.07. The LF in Virgo extends to Mr ≈ −13.5 ≈ M ∗ + 8 and has a slope of α = −1.28 ± 0.06. The red sequence of cluster members is prominent in both clusters, and almost no cluster galaxies are redder than this sequence. We show that selecting objects on the red sequence and blueward produces a steeply rising faintend. A large fraction of photometric red-sequence galaxies lie behind the cluster. We compare our results to previous estimates and find poor agreement with estimates based on statistical background subtraction but good agreement with estimates based on photometric membership classifications (e.g., colors, morphology, surface brightness). We conclude that spectroscopic data are critical for estimating the faint end of the luminosity function in clusters. The faint-end slope we find is consistent with values found for field galaxies, weakening any argument for environmental evolution in the relative abundance of dwarf galaxies. However, dwarf galaxies in clusters are significantly redder than field galaxies of similar luminosity or mass, indicating that star formation processes in dwarfs do depend on environment. Subject headings: galaxies: clusters — galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD — galaxies: kinematics and dynamics — cosmology: observations


It is difficult to identify a G-C fullerene directly from its dimensions as its lattice is not proportional to that of its archetype in general, although they have the same three-dimensional shape. In this paper, the area scale factor of a G-C fullerene is proved to be an integer, which can be calculated from its dimensions. All the G-C transformations are k-inflations that can be easily identified and inversed, primary transformations whose area scale factors are prime numbers, or composite transformations whose area scale factors are the product of those of its sub-transformations. As the result, a method to identify any G-C fullerenes according to the area scale factor was presented.


This artic1e aims to report on the postsecondary education status of selected deaf students in the Philippines. An author-made questionnaire was administered to a total of 65 students (34 male and 31 female) who came from a college for the deaf and regular schools with special programs for the hearing impaired. Results revealed that pursuit for postsecondary education has been the concern of single students who most of the cases were born in Metro Manila and belong to Iow income group. They showed average achievement in English and Mathematics while low performance in Science was noted. As a result of inc1ination for a more "hands on learning," vocational/technical related programs summarizes the courses of the students. Lecture was the most preferred learning strategies and the importance of teacher-interpreter and sign language interpreter was strongly recognized. Findings indicate the need for strengthening the vocational curriculum in the secondary level to prepare the students for their postsecondary options in this area. Teaching strategies should also be enriched to increase the students' level of motivation. Key W ords: postsecondary education, preferred learning strategies, communication aids INTRODUCTION Deaf graduates face a crucial decision of what option to take after finishing secondary education. The individual's choice which is largely influenced by his socio-economic sta司 tus and some personal attributes would determine the kind of life he will have in the future. Due to financial difficulties, one option that *Participant, 16th In-Service Training Program for Overseas Teachers **Institute of Special Education, University fo Tsukuba a large number of deaf graduates take into consideration is looking for employment (Sanchez and Kusanagi, 1997). Postsecondary education however, is the other preference made by some of them who wish to ac司uire further education. Acknowledging education as effective means of preparing deaf individuals assume important roles and become productive citizens of the country, programs of such kind in the United States of America and J apan have been increasing in number (Smith and Luckasson, 1995; Kusanagi, 1994) and have gained Faustino M. SANCHEZ and Shinro KUSANAGI legal and popular support from the government. In the PhilippInes the programs of this type are few and normally hosted by private institutions. Offerings of such kind are usually limited in Metro Manila. Although the enactment of the Magna Carta for Disabled Persons in 1992 provides the deaf and other disadvantaged with adequate access and assistance to postsecondary education, very few are sti1l enjoying such right. While limited research has been conducted on this area since the enactment of the aforementioned bi1l, the present study thus attempts to describe the present status of deaf students as well as the significant factors influencing their academic life in the postsecondary level studying the researches in the U.S.A. and Japan. The authors particularly focused on the deaf students' perception on communication aids used at school, facilities and servIces offered by the school and frequency of consultations with key persons. It is hoped that the results of this study will aid government officials, school administrators serving the hearing impaired, special educators and rehabilitation workers in taking appropriate steps for improving the status of these individuals. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY This study sought to determine the postsecondary education status of deaf students in the Philippines. Specifically, this aimed to answer the following questions : 1 . Whatis the profile of the deaf students in terms of: a demographic factors b. educational background c deafness-related factors 2. 2. What is the perception of the deaf students in the following areas : a preferred learning strategies b. frequency of consultations with key persons c communication aids used at school d. school facilities. services and methods of instruction 3. What are the usual problems encountered by the deaf and what recom・ mendations can be made to improve their academic life? METHODOLOGY 1 . Subjects of the Study The respondents consisted of 65 deaf students: 34 males and 31 females who are taking postsecondary courses a t the time of study. They were selected from the following postsecondary education institutions with the following distribution of subjetcs: College of Saint Benilde-De La Salle University (CSB 一DLSU),15.4%; CAP College for the Deaf (CAP-CD), 55.4% and the Manila Christian Computer Institute (MCCI ) , 23.1%, It is important to note here that a total of 100% was not attained since there was one student each from CSB一DLSUand CAP-CD who, for unknown reason was not able to return the questionnaire. One of the first postsecondary institution for the hearing impaired, CAP-CD basically employs sign language as a medium of instruction. CSB一DLSUand MCCI on the other hand, are regular schools with special educational programs for the deaf. These schools likewise use sign language in the instruction of deaf learners. 2. Procedures Coordination with the aforementioned institutions was initially made to facilitate the gathering of important data. From the total population of the surveyed schools, 50% POSTSECONDARY EDUCA TION STA TUS OFDEAF STUDENTS IN THE PHILIPPINES were randomly selected to respond to the questionnaire so that a more representative description can be derived. The breakdown of the subjects is as follows : CSB一DLSU25-11 respondents CAP-CD 80-39 respondents MCCID 30-15 respondents An author-made questionnaire was administered in group with the assistance of a sign language interpreter who explained the instructions and contents of the questionnaire. The questionnaire sought to elicit demographic and other related information about the subjects and their perception towards different areas influencing academic life. 3. Methods of Analysis This research is a descriptive type of study which employed simple statistics in the analysis of data. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 1 . Profile of the Deaf Students A. Demographic Factors The respondents of the study were composed of 34 male and 31 female deaf students whose ages ranged from 16 to 36 years old with a mean age of 22 years oId. A large distribution of 95.4% belong to the single status (95.4%) while 4.6% are married. These figures show that pursuit for postsecondary education has been the concern of many deaf individuals who do not have marital commitment yet. Taking a closer look at the respondents' age, it could be noticed that further education has also been the priority of many deaf adults as 64.6% belong to this group. Similar situa幽 tion is noted in the United States where in 1985 to 1986, an estimated 35,000 deaf adults took continuing education courses, many of them offered through Gallaudet University (Commission on the Education of the Deaf, 1988 as docun1ented by Smith and Luckasson, 1995). Regarding place of birth, 61.5% were born in Metro Manila; 36.9%, provincial areas and there is a case of a student who was born outside the Philippines. Family incomewise, 55.4 % of the respondents came from a low-income group (P7,000 below) while 44.6% belong to a high income group (P7,000 above). Since the surveyed institutions ' i へ1ereal private schools, a relatively high amount is required of students for their fees. It is worthy to mention however, that those who belong to the majority-income group are receiving scholarship which makes educational accommodation easier for them. Such assistance is in consonance with the provision of Chapter 2, Section 15 of the Magna Carta for the Disabled Persons (1992). B. Educational Background Basically the subjects were secondary graduates from 1982 to 1996 and coming from the different institutions catering to the needs of deaf learners. Of these cases, 76.9% finished secondary education from various schools for the deaf; 12.3% from special education centers and 7.7% were from mainstreamed program. The remaining 3.1% failed to respond to the this part of the questionnaire. Since high school academic achievement is a good predictor of later success, the researcher took note of the subjects' perfor岨 mance in English, Mathematics and Science which are considered basic learning areas. This was also ga thered since there were no achievement data available in the postsecondary level at the time of study. Utilizing the grade point average (GPA) in the afore刷 mentioned learning areas, itwas found out Faustino M. SANCHEZ and Shinro KUSANAGI Table 1 Academic Achievement in High School Rating High A verage Low Learning Areaト¥ ¥ (%) (%) (%) English 23.1 56.9 20.0 Mathematics 29.2 46.2 24.6 Science 30.8 33.8 35.4 that the subjects have average achievement in English and Mathematics with 56.9% and 46.2% distribution respectively. Science, however, received Iow performance as 35.4% 。fthe cases falI within this Ievel. Please refer to Table 1 for this. Admission of students in the postsecondary level despite low achievement could be due to the absence of entrance examination that would screen deaf applicants in this level . Exemption of deaf students from the N ationaI ColIege Entrance Examination is also contributing factor for this situation. Education is aIso made possible since majority of the respondents reside in Metro Manila where al the surveyed schools are Iocated. As regards the institutions hosting programs for the deaf, itwas noted that 55.4% are accommodated at a college for the deaf while 44.6% are from regular schools offering special programs for the hearing impaired. In this study, two institutions belong to the Iattter group. Enhanced sociaIization skills with fellow deaf as noted by Brown and Foster (1991) could be the reason why a large number of respondents chose to enrol1 in a school for the deaf. Courseswise, 44.6% are presently taking associate courses in information technology ; 23.2%, computer software technology, 13.8


The experiment was conducted at the farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from June to November 2012 to study the effect of zinc on growth, yield and nutrient content on BRRI dhan-33. The experiment consisted 4 levels of zinc viz. Z0: 0 kg Zn ha-1 (control), Z1: 2.0 kg Zn ha-1, Z2: 3.0 kg Zn ha-1, Z3: 4.0 kg Zn ha-1 following randomized complete block design with three replications. Tallest plant (88.3 cm at harvest), maximum number of effective tillers hill-1 (13.3), grain yield ha-1 (5.1 ton) were found from Z3 treatment which was statistically similar with Z2 treatment whereas minimum from the control Z0. While on the other hand, Zn content in grain was found 0.028% in Z3 treatment while found 0.018% in Z0.


Tourism is one of the largest and fastest growing industries, playing a key role in the economic growth of many European countries, with direct and indirect impacts on other economic sectors through multiplier effects. The national authorities are aware of its role and have given important steps attempting to influence the number of visitors, the timing and duration of visits. Nevertheless, little is known about the relative importance of tourism on a regional basis and little has been done regarding the creation of a truly common european tourism policy. This paper aims at providing an analysis of european regions regarding the importance tourism activities have on their economic structure. For analysis purposes, we consider regions Nuts II from a group of European Union western countries: Portugal, Spain, France, Luxemburg, the Netherlands, Belgium, The United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, Austria, Greece, Denmark, Ireland and Finland. We start by outlining a quantified analysis of tourism activities structure in each country by building a weighted tourist location index in order to provide a ranking of regions by the importance those activities have on each country's economic structure. Finally, we analyse the basic trends of tourism policies international framework by focusing the main vectors of national policies, in particular, promotion, direct investment, subsidies, labour market intervention and regulation.


A discussion of factors that influence the difference between laboratory and field transmission loss data is presented making use of recent theoretical information. Included will be a discussion of single‐wall and double‐wall constructions, both with and without damping and added sound‐absorbing material.


Shared Care in Gastroenterology. Travis S, Stevens R, Dalton H. (Pp 226; illustrated; £22.50.) Oxford: Isis Medical Media, 1997. ISBN 1-899066-40-6.

The relationship between general practitioners and gastroenterologists has, generally, been a better one than with most other specialists. In the UK, this has in part been due to long fostered relationships between the British Society of Gastroenterology and the Primary Care Society for Gastroenterology. Also, there is a closely shared and common clinical agenda between general practitioners and gastroenterologists. Some aspects of gastroenterology, particularly dyspepsia, are managed essentially in primary …


Objectives: To examine ethno-medicobotany of Toda tribe in the Nilgiri hills of South India. Materials and methods: Ethnobotanical field survey and personal discussion methods have been made use of in the collection of data. Results and discussion: A list of 32 botanicals (30 dicots and 2 monocots) plants belonging to 31 genera, 29 families and 32 species are employed for therapeutic purposes by the Toda tribe of Nilgiri hills, South India. The Parmelia caperata a type of moss paste is applied to wounds caused by animal bites for healing. In analyzing ethno-medicobotanical information, we present here data on various ethnomedicinal claims and method of applications to treat a host of ailments are underlined here. A short description of plants, their habitat, family and local names are also summarized here.


Most multi-action PtIV prodrugs have bioactive ligands containing carboxylates. This is probably due to the ease of carboxylating the OH axial ligands and because following reduction, the active form of the agent is released. A major challenge is to expand the arsenal of bioactive ligands to include those without carboxylates. We describe a general approach for synthesis of PtIV prodrugs that release in their native form, molecules with OH groups. We linked the OH groups of gemcitabine (Gem), paclitaxel, and estramustine (EM) to the PtIV derivative of cisplatin by a carbonate bridge. Following reduction, the axial ligands lost CO2, rapidly generating the active drugs. In contrast, succinate linked drugs did not readily release the free drugs. The carbonate bridged ctc-[Pt(NH3)2(PhB)(Gem-Carb)Cl2] was significantly more cytotoxic than the succinate bridged ctc-[Pt(NH3)2(PhB)(Gem-Suc)Cl2]. In vivo data show that carbonate-bridged compound was more potent and less toxic than gemcitabine, cisplatin and co-administration pf cisplatin and gemcitabine.


This article, presents the Machine Learning, Intelligent and Soft computing techniques were applied to predict the estimated cost, quality, accuracy of software developed during 2000-2017. This article, gives a 95% amount of work brought from highly reputed conferences and journals viz. IEEE, Elsevier, Springer, ACM and 5% other journals, and conferences on the application of intelligent techniques. The review is broadly categorized according to the type of technique applied viz. (1) Neural networks (NNs), (2) fuzzy logic, (3) genetic algorithm, (4) decision tree, (5) case base reasoning and (6) soft computing. This article basically attention on the importance of benchmark datasets were used for training and testing of all intelligence techniques, type of techniques were applied, and which are the best evaluation metrics. After doing tremendous analysis, we observed that the benchmark data sets are COCOMO, NASA, ISBSG, DEHANAIS prominent datasets, and the evaluation metrics are MMRE, PRED is prominent which is based on total count is presented in Table 8 and 9. Furthermore, we found that Neural Networks technique was used recurrently by the authors and at the same time the techniques applied non regular intervals such as Hybrid, fuzzy logic, decision tree and evolutionary computation. This review is going to be useful for researchers as beginners as and it provides future directions. This would eventually be led to better predict, in the field of Software Cost Estimation.


The present PhD thesis entitled "Molecular probes and ruthenium (II) and osmium (II) complexes for the chromo-fluorogenic sensing of charged species and carbon monoxide" is focused on the development of molecular chemosensors. More in detail, the work carried out is clearly divided into two independent parts: (i) the synthesis and characterization of multifunctional molecular probes for the optical detection of anions and metal cations and, (ii) the preparation of ruthenium (II) and osmium (II) complexes for the chromo-fluorogenic sensing of carbon monoxide.
The first family of molecular probes, reported in chapter 2, is based on the use of imidazoanthraquinone as signaling subunit. Using this molecular fragment four probes (2a-2d) are prepared and characterized. Of all the anions tested, only fluoride is able to induce the appearance of red-shifted absorption (reflected in marked color changes) and emission bands. These changes are ascribed to a fluoride-induced deprotonation of the N-H moiety of the imidazole ring. Also Fe3+, Al3+ and Cr3+ were able to induce moderate blue-shifts of the absorption bands of the four receptors upon coordination (with the oxygen and nitrogen atoms of the imidazoanthraquinone chromophore) and marked emission quenching.
The second chapter is also devoted to study the coordination behavior toward anions and cations of a second family of probes (3a-3d) containing imidazoquinoline derivatives. Again, fluoride anion promoted the deprotonation on the probes that are reflected in the apperacence of red-shifted absorption and emission bands. The optical response in the presence of metal cations is quite unselective and UV-visible shifts and emission quenchings are observed in the presence of Hg2+, Cu2+, Co2+, Fe3+, Fe2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Cr3+ and Al3+.
Chapter 3 presents the synthesis, characterization and chromo-fluorogenic behavior toward of carbon monoxide of two set of ruthenium (II) and osmium (II) complexes bearing 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BTD) and 5-(3-thienyl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (TBTD) fluorophores. Eight complexes functionalized with BTD ligand (1-8) are prepared in the first part of this chapter. Chloroform solutions of the complexes underwent remarkable color changes when CO is bubbled. Also, significative emission enhancements are obserbed due to coordination of CO and displacement of BTD fluorophore. Besides, the adsorption of the complexes on silica yielded solids that presented remarkable color changes that allowed a naked eye detection of CO in gas phase.
The second set of ruthenium (II) and osmium (II) complexes contains TBTD fluorophore (3-7). Also these complexes are able to detect CO in chloroform solution and in gas phase when adsorbed on silica through color and fluorescence changes. Moreover, two new complexes (8 and 9) containing a poly(ethylene) glycol chain are prepared. Both complexes are water soluble and allowed CO detection in this highly competitive solvent. Besides, 8 and 9 are non-toxic and are successfully used for CO detection in HeLa cells.


Quantitative ion yields from photoionization of gaseous CO have been measured with time-offhght mass spectrometry and photoion-photoion coincidence techniques using synchrotron radiation from 270 to 360 eV and from 515 to 615 eV, in the region of C 1s and 0 1s excitation and ionization. Dissociative multiple-ionization eSciencies, ion-branching ratios, and the relative yields of all possible ionization reactions are derived. The distributions of kinetic energies released to the (C++0+) and (C'++0+) pairs are measured. Very large contributions of symmetric dissociative double ionization producing C' and 0+ are found, even in the region of the 1s~~ resonances. The results are discussed in the context of the autoionization and Auger electron spectroscopy of core-excited CO and with the aid of recent calculations of the potential curves of CO +. The relationship between the present results and those for photon-stimulated desorption following core excitation and ionization of solid and chemisorbed CO is explored.


Different brans, viz., wheat, rice, maize, barley (cereal bran), sorghum (millet bran) pea, gram and pigeon pea (legume bran) were evaluated as supplement @ 10% on dry weight basis of substrate for enhancing yield and biological efficiency of Pleurotus flabellatus. Among the bran used, wheat, rice, sorghum, pea and pigeon pea bran produced significantly higher yield and biological efficiency of mushroom than the control. Maximum yield was recorded with rice bran (655 g, 131%) followed by wheat bran (615 g, 123%), pea bran (600 g, 120%), pigeon pea bran (595 g, 109%) and sorghum bran (580 g, 116%). Significantly (P=0.05) higher weight/sporocarp was obtained from the barley (12.50 g), pea (13.63 g) and pigeon pea bran (15.42 g) while none of them produced significant no of sporocarp.


Seawater deaeration is a process affecting almost all proposed Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) open-cycle power systems. If the noncondensable dissolved air is not removed from a power system, it will accumulate in the condenser, reduce the effectiveness of condensation, and result in deterioration of system performance. A gas desorption study was initiated at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) with the goal of mitigating these effects; this study is designed to investigate the vacuum deaeration process for low-temperature OTEC conditions where conventional steam stripping deaeration may not be applicable. Studies were carried out on two areas: (1) vacuum deaeration in a packed column; and (2) deaeration in the barometric leg of the intake system. The design of a gas desorption test loop and a barometric intake system are described, the results of vacuum deaeration in a packed column and a barometric intake system are presented, and the saving that can be achieved when the packed column is combined with the barometric system is discussed. Vacuum deaeration laboratory experiments of three different kinds of packing in a packed column test section and a series of barometric intake deaeration experiments have been performed. A conceptual OTEC deaeration subsystem design based on thesemore » results and its implications upon an OTEC open cycle power system are presented.« less


Statistical analysis for the intact rock about the road slopes of an expressway shows that the shear strength of red sandstone is found to obey to the normal distribution. The normal distribution function is worked out to get shear strength indicator After the investigation of the definition for density of probability and the probability of failure,we have derivated the calculating formula of the accurate probability of failure for circular sliding surface At last the practical examples of the expressway slopes are presented and the minimum safety factor and the value of probability of failure are calculated


Anti-correlation polarization dynamics in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with long external cavity has been studied experimentally. The correlations are considered in the time domain and in the spectral domain. In the time domain, with fixed optical feedback strength, the minimum cross-correlation coefficient exhibits exponential decay with the bias current. With fixed bias current, strong anti-correlation can be achieved at a certain feedback ratio. In the frequency domain, strong anti-correlation is obtained at frequencies lower than 1 GHz for all bias currents. Near the relaxation oscillation frequency good correlation is found at higher bias current but poor correlation is found at lower bias currents.


Abstract In 1994 an unusual, if not unique, collaborative effort emerged to manage the highly contested and interconnected system of waters, levees, and habitat in the San Francisco Bay Estuary and Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. This CALFED Bay-Delta Program (CALFED) engaged 25 federal and state agencies and representatives of 35 major stakeholder groups and local agencies in a joint search for solutions to Bay Delta problems. It changed how water was managed and produced new practices that persisted until at least 2005. CALFED's collaborative approach is by nature informal, and it coexists uneasily with the norms and structure of formal government. This story illustrates how formal and informal systems are interdependent, yet in tension, across planning, participation, and decision making. Because planners often operate in the interface between the formal and the informal, the story offers lessons that can be applied at many levels of government and for many planning tasks.


Abstract This paper aims at quantifying the uncertainties and their propagation effects in the numerical modelling of a cable-stayed bridge. To this purpose, the uncertainty quantification approach is implemented in a probabilistic finite element geometrically nonlinear elastic analysis performed in ANSYS®. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the impact of statistical treatment of significant parameters on the results and validate a predictive model. Given the uncertainties associated with the input parameters, the propagation of uncertainties of output parameters is evaluated by sampling-based approaches using Monte Carlo method. Finally, the probability density function of outputs is compared with experimental data to extract a measure of confidence in the numerical results. The methodology provides a tool to evaluate the effects of model parameter uncertainty on the modal response of the bridge. Although the results presented in this study are limited to a numerical model of a cable-stayed bridge, this methodology can be readily applied to the different bridges and structural typologies.


High resolution spectra of novae after outburst reveal distinctive characteristics in the line profiles and intensities. The higher Balmer lines are often broader than the lower members of the series, and the relative profiles and intensities of the [O I] ��6300, 6364 doublet differ from normal values. We suggest these features may be caused by the Quadratic Zeeman Effect from magnetic fields exceeding B=10 6 gauss. Taken together the emission and absorption lines point to multiple origins for the ejecta on both the erupting white dwarf and the cool secondary star.


Quantum satellite communication is the research hotspot in the field of quantum communication, which has the characteristics of wide coverage, high communication efficiency and strong security. The construction strategy of the quantum communication network is an essential part of quantum communication. However, the research on the construction strategy of quantum air communication network has not been carried out so far. In this paper, according to the characteristics of flying geese array and principle of bionics, a simulated wild goose group Λ (pronunciation: lambda) quantum air communication network topology is proposed, which can be divided into single-head node Λ type and multi-head node Λ type. Based on GHZ state particles, a certifiable QSDC inter-network communication system and a GHZ-EPR quantum teleportation communication system have been established. The bit error rate, energy consumption, throughput and other parameters are studied. After theoretical analysis and experiment, the single-head node Λ network structure in the environment where the average power spectral density of noise is 2 dB / m, when the communication distance between the head node and the child node is less than 400m, the bit error rate is less than 0.094; if the communication distance increases from 400m to 1000m, the bit error rate increases rapidly, reaching 0.585; when the number of child nodes on one side increases from 2 to 7, the throughput decreases from 110.6 Kb/s to 46.45 Kb/s. For example, when the total number of nodes is 21, the single-head node Λ network structure saves 32.6% energy but reduces the throughput to 23.9 Kb/s. By contrast, the multi-head node Λ network structure with 21 nodes saves 29.3% energy and achieves throughput of 163.4 Kb/s. The above studies show that the quantum air network with the structure of imitation goose group array has good network scalability, excellent information security and flexible network structure.


The microstructure and properties of solution agied ZL201 alloy prepared by nearby liquidus semi-countinuous casting followed by thixoforging are investigated with the mould specially designed.The results show that the dense compressed microstructure with fine and homogeneous grains is formed after thixoforging.The enforcing phrase in the alloy can be completely dissolved and homogeneously deposited by heat treatment property after 12h solution at 525~530℃ and 20h aging at 155℃,the hardness of ZL201 thixoforging parts can be up to 129.8HV.The ideal formed parts of ZL201 alloy can be prepared by semi-solid thoxoforming forging.


Dental enamel hypoplasia is a putative marker of childhood morbidity (nutritional or infectious stress) which can he analyzed by age-of-occurrence using a calcification standard. We have recorded age-specific occurrence of (a) minor linear hypoplasias, (b) pits, (c) major growth-arrest lines, and (d) combined hypoplasias in 103 specimens of 17-19th century Caribbean slaves. This population is probably unique in terms of environment, nutritional deficiency and other severe environmental stresses, and (especially) association with historical resources that might allow more specific correlation of stresses with hypoplasia chronology. Barbados slaves have a clearly defined central age tendency of 3-4 years at formation of hypoplasias. The lateness of the mode, the percent concentration between 3-4 years, and the residual occurrences at 4+ years are relatively pronounced compared to other reported populations (notwithstanding differences in counting techniques). The age of first hypoplasia occurrence per individual is also probably later in slaves than in other populations. The 3-4 year age range encompasses the year following the historically-documented relatively late time that slave children were weaned (at 2-3 years). Other non-industrial populations show a hypoplasia peak at 2-3 years following a presumed weaning at 1-2 years. Thus the weaning hypothesis and other historical factors (such as periodic food shortages and famine conditions) help explain the mode and the residual distribution of hypoplasia. The historical sources also support the general expectation that the postweaning period was one of high risk. Following studies of extant populations (Sarnat and Schour, 1941; ElNajjar et al. 1978; Infante and Gillespie, 1974, 1977; Moller et al. 1972; Ainamo and Cutress, 1982; Gruenwald, 1973), dental enamel hypoplasia has recently become popular as a marker of childhood morbidity in excavated remains (Goodman e t al. 1980, 1984; Schulz and McHenry, 1975; Cook and Buikstra, 1979; Hillson, 1979; Black, 1979; Clarke, 1980; Corruccini et al. 1982). Although precise causes of this interruption in enamel deposition are multiple (Pindborg, 1982; Fraser and Nikiforuk, 1982; ElNajjar et al. 1978), much of the hypocalcemia leading to hypoplasia formation is generally assumed to reflect metabolic stress, temporarily disturbing amelogenesis, due to malnutrition and/or infection. 'Department of Anthropology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, 62901. Human Biology, December 1985, Vol. 57, No. 4, p p . 699-711. 8 Wayne State University Press, 1985 700 Robert S . Corruccini, Jerome S . Handler and Keith P. Jacobi * In an earlier analysis of a slave osteological sample from the Caribbean island of Barbados, we assumed that relatively high hypoplasia prevalence el would be consistent with this etiology (Corruccini et al. 1982). The historb ical evidence indicates Caribbean slaves experienced nutritional deprivation and severe developmental disruption (e.g., Dirks, 1978; Sheridan, 1985: 201-219, 234-239; Kiple and Kiple, 1980). Results generally confirmed our expectations (see also Handler and Corruccini, 1983). We also briefly noted a tendency for more numerous and serious hypoplasias to occur in laterather than early-calcifying teeth; this tendency was possibly related to a late weaning period in Caribbean slaves. The logical relation between hypoplasia peak and a society's typical weaning age (the post-natal time of maximum environmental/metabolic stress on children in non-industrial societies) is the major theme of many hypoplasia studies (Hillson, 1979; Black, 1979; Clarke, 1980; Goodman et al. 1980). In this paper we give a more detailed analysis focused on the chronology and classification of enamel hypoplasias in Barbados slaves, with special reference to the weaning hypothesis and the integration of historical and biological data.


In Meerut 'Western Uttar Pradesh) the Indian bull"frog, Rana tigrina (Daud) breeds mainly during early part (June-July) of the monsoon season. The spawn consisting of about 3000 eggs is a flat sheet floating over water. At 26-30°C hatching occurs in about 18 hours when embryos are approximately 4,5 mm, long. The tadpoles preferring to stay at the bottom of the pond metamorphose in 7f to 8 weeks after hatching.
In the normal table the entire development of R. tigrina beginning from the freshly spawned unfertilized egg and ending with metamorphosis into frog-let is divided into; 55 discrete stages on the basis of external morphological features. Stages 1 to 26 describe the development during embryogenesis upto hatching. Stages 27 to 32 include the short post-hatching period until the operculum is formed and the definitive tadpole begins feeding. From stage 32 to 46 the hindlimbs develop and the tadpoles grow to attain the maximum length. Stages 47 and 4S are those of mature tadpoles during which there is no increase in length of the body or tail but hindlimbs grow rapidly and become functional, ihe metamorphic changes ending with transformation of the aquatic tadpole to froglet are described under stages 49 to 55.


Detailed measurements of voltage–current (E–J) characteristics have revealed a distinct low level resistive tail for silver‐sheathed (Bi,Pb)2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 superconducting tapes. The residual tail is observed at very low voltage (E≤10−8–10−7 V/cm) of the E–J curves and can be described by E∝(J−Jc')n, where Jc' is a field and temperature dependent critical current and n=1.0–1.2. The dynamic resistivity is, typically, in the range of 10−13 Ω cm, but could be as high as 10−11 Ω cm in some specimens. This residual resistance can be induced by a severe thermal cycling treatment, although it may also be intrinsic, i.e., as‐grown, to some of the specimens.


Expression plasmids containing the synthetic gene hil-4 delta 2 was constructed to produce human interleukin-4 in Escherichia coli cells. Strains TG1 (pBTIL-4 delta 2) and BL21 (DE3) (pETIL-4 delta 2) produced the recombinant protein as inclusion bodies, and its production level was up to 30% of the total cell protein. The renatured hIL-4 delta 2 inhibited IL-4-stimulated T cell proliferation, and this effect was enhanced by cyclosporin A.


In this work, we make use of DR14 APOGEE spectroscopic data to study a sample of 92 known OB stars. We developed a near-infrared semi-empirical spectral classification method that was successfully used in case of four new exemplars, previously classified as later B-type stars. Our results agree well with those determined independently from ECHELLE optical spectra, being in line with the spectral types derived from the "canonical" MK blue optical system. This confirms that the APOGEE spectrograph can also be used as a powerful tool in surveys aiming to unveil and study a large number of moderately and highly obscured OB stars still hidden in the Galaxy.


This paper was composed regarding to the dilemma about the position and the role of the government in the collaborative governance along with its various logical consequences. In this context, the concept of coordination has a point of relevance. However, it was
considered unnecessary for all involved parties to be bounded in a formal forum as the government was expected to act as a leader who holds the authority. The concept of collaboration might not be appropriate to be applied in any situation since the government needs to stabilize the public affairs of a nation in which the government should be given stronger position than non-government actors. In order to obtain better understanding about
the dilemma related to government's position in the collaborative governance, some technical terms related to the issue of collaborative governance needed to be clarified.


This paper introduces a programmable chip by GAL instead of traditional logic chip,extended AT89C52serial communication interface method.Presented by the Protel99SE nested PLD99 development environment,the programmable logic device design and implementation process,and the application of this method to the practical work,according to program the GAL16V8 chip,a successful solution to the computer three sets of field instrument sampling data do not regularly send serial data collection issues;the timing chip Intel82C53,for three serial extended chip Intel82C51A provides time-base,can achieve the three serial data input by different baud rate.Based on the CPU chip programming,realize the communication function,through the actual test,can achieve the anticipated effect,stable,reliable data transmission.


Consider the first-order linear delay differential equation x′(t) + p(t)x(τ(t)) = 0, t ≥ t0, and the second-order linear delay equation x′′(t) + p(t)x(τ(t)) = 0, t ≥ t0, where p and τ are continuous functions on [t0,∞), p(t) > 0, τ(t) is nondecreasing, τ(t) ≤ t for t ≥ t0 and limt→∞ τ(t) = ∞. Several oscillation criteria are presented for the first-order equation when


From 1960 onwards there was collaboration in ceramic analysis of Minoan and Mycenaean material between members of the British School at Athens and the Oxford University Research Laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art. In 1974 this led to the establishment of the School's own Research Laboratory in Athens, thanks to the generosity of Dr Marc and Mrs Ismene Fitch, whose names the laboratory bears. Reference is made to other help and benefactions involved in the creation of the laboratory.


ABSTRACT In this work, the sugarcane bagasse fiber was used as a filler to make a new type of biodegradable composite, using the cardanol resin, as a fully biodegradable thermosetting polymer matrix. Biocomposite performance was improved by chemically modified bagasse fiber using alkaline treatment. Two sets of composites were prepared with a fiber length of 10 and 20 mm with various weight percentages viz., 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 of cardanol resin using a compression molding machine. The mechanical properties were studied using some tests and the morphological study in flexural fractured specimens was carried out using SEM. The thermal properties of biodegradable polymer composites were evaluated using TGA. The chemical formation of the new biocomposites was also examined by the FT-IR spectroscopy technique. The result proved that the morphology of the composites has improved the bonding between the fiber and resin, thus leading to enhancement of the mechanical properties. The result had shown the tensile and flexural strength with an increase in the range of bagasse fiber up to 15 wt% in both the sets. The TGA results showed that biocomposites of 15 wt% in both sets had the highest thermal stability. This investigation recommended the possibility of introducing bio-fiber obtained from waste agricultural residues in polymer matrix composites.


Many complex physical systems are described by differential equations for which a solution cannot be determined in analytical form. However, techniques are available to obtain approximate solutions of such differential equations, or sets of equations, by numerical methods. Thus the solution of differential equations is another important phase in numerical analysis. In general, methods of numerical integration employ a step-by-step process to determine a series of values for each dependent variable corresponding to a selected set of values of the independent variable. The usual procedure is to select values of the independent variable at fixed interval. The accuracy of a solution by numerical integration depends both on the method chosen and the size of interval. Keyword: step-by-step, differential equations, numerical methods


The nuclear cobalt(II) ion in heptamethyl cobyrinate iodide, Cob(II)ester·I, was found to assume a distorted square-planar geometry of Co–N4 type with iodide as a counterion in a polar solvent (methanol) and a square-pyramidal one of Co–N4I type with the iodide ion coordinated at one of the axial positions in apolar solvents such as dichloromethane, benzene, and toluene. The redox chemistry of Cob(II)ester·I and heptamethyl cobyrinate perchlorate, [Cob(II)ester]ClO4, was investigated in various organic solvents by means of cyclic voltammetry and controlled-potential electrolysis. The Co(II)/Co(I) and Co(III)/Co(II) redox potentials for [Cob(II)ester]ClO4 exhibited cathodic shifts as either solvent basicity or polarity was raised, and were found to be in the anodic side relative to the corresponding potentials for CoII(tpp) under identical conditions. The medium effect on the redox behavior of hydrophobic vitamin B12 was discussed in connection with the microenvironmental effect on vitamin B12 placed in th...


Based on the clinical case of a female in-patient of the Psychiatric Departement of the Fernando Fonseca Hospital, who was admitted due to bipolar disorder relapse and to whom arterial hypertension was diagnosed during her stay in the ward, the authors review the interactions between mood stabilizer therapy with lithium and anti-hypertensive therapy (emphasizing on angiotensin-converting enzyme – ACE – inhibitors and diuretics), both necessary to her clinical stabilization.


The invention relates to a hardening tool (1) for the curing of (1) of channel-shaped components made of fiber reinforced plastics. This is a justierfahiges hardening tool with thermo-mechanically excited closing kinematics. Application is the production of profile-shaped components made of fiber-reinforced plastics - particularly from prepreg - with very tight tolerances form surface. includes hardening tool • a one piece inside the mold (2) and a two-piece, the inner mold (2) at least partially enclosing outer mold (3), said molds (2, 3) are movable to each other between the molds (2, 3) has a profile shaped layer stack (4) of the component (4) can be inserted and compressible, and the outer mold (3) an adjustable, on a rigid tool carrier (7) in the desired position can be fixed outer mold part (3a) and in the hardening process on the stationary outer mold part (3a) zoom feasible comprises loose outer shape part (3b) • one or more clips (8), with which the two outer mold parts (3a, 3b) are at least partly be enclosed, such that the two outer mold parts (3a, 3b) in an initial state (by means of the or the brackets (8) at a distance 9) to one another and positionable in the hardening process (with heat supply 10) to the closing of the outer mold (3) can be brought together. According to the invention pass the inner mold (2) and the outer mold (3) of the same form of construction material or of different form building materials with the same or similar thermal expansion coefficient. The clips (8) have a smaller thermal expansion coefficient than that of the molds (2, 3). Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for hardening (1) of channel-shaped components made of fiber reinforced plastics (FRP).


Abstract In this current investigation, the adsorption of an extensively used azo dye Reactive Blue 4 (RB4) was carried out using dead and carboxy-methyl cellulose (CMC) immobilized Rhizopus oryzae (MTCC 262) as biosorbent in batch scale from the aqueous solution having dye concentration: 200–500 mg L−1 in 50 mL dye solution taken in a 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask. It was found that RB4 adsorption capacity was maximum (97.44%) under following conditions, pH: 3.0, Temp: 30 °C, dye concentration initially was: 200 mg L−1 and contact time: 6 h. CMC matrix was found to be the most effective among all the matrices tested as carrier for immobilization of R. oryzae biomass. The uptake of dye was very fast initially. Within 6 h the equilibrium was attained using both dead and CMC immobilized R. oryzae (MTCC 262). The pseudo 2nd order kinetic model can best explain the overall process of biosorption using both dead and immobilized biomass. The adsorption isotherm data of dead and immobilized biomass conformed well to Langmuir and Redlich-Peterson isotherm model respectively. Immobilized biomass can be competently recycled up to five consecutive cycles of biosorption where as a desorption medium 0.1 (N) NaOH solutions was used. FTIR spectroscopic studies indicate that in the dye adsorption process the functional groups existing on the exterior of dead biomass were more effectively involved in comparison to the other pretreated fungal biomass of R. oryzae (MTCC 262). SEM photograph confirmed some surface morphology changes of the immobilized and dead biomass of R. oryzae due to dye adsorption.


We derive a relation between the two polarization modes of a plane, linear gravitational wave in the second-order approximation. Since these two polarizations are not independent, an initially monochromatic gravitational wave loses its periodic character due to the nonlinearity of the Einstein field equations. Accordingly, real gravitational waves may differ from solutions of the linearized field equations, which are being assumed in gravitational-wave detectors.


Kitchen space and women have always been associated with each other. This article uses feminist geography criticism theory, from the perspective of kitchen space combining the Chinese contemporary feminist literature texts such as Kitchen, Double-sided Glue and Whitewater Green Vegetables, the author discusses the gender construction, female destiny, identity and anti-aphasia of Chinese women in the kitchen space: in the kitchen space, women face discourse rule from male hegemony, mental oppression of traditional women, and the difficult situation in which modern female invaders attack each other.


A series of Ni/CeO2-ZrO2@SiO2 core-shell catalysts with different mass ratio of shell to core were prepared and utilized to steam reforming of toluene. XRD, SEM, TEM and XPS were applied to characterize the morphology and structure of the catalysts. Results showed that, the catalytic activity of Ni/CeO2-ZrO2@SiO2 was significantly improved compared to Ni/CeO2-ZrO2, the coated SiO2 layer can changed the binding energy of Ni, which modified the activity of Ni and changed the products distribution. The thickness of silica layer was also proved to influence the catalytic performance, core-shell structure with shell-to-core mass ratio of 0.5 showed the highest catalytic activity, its toluene conversion were 62% and 85% respectively under 650°C and 700°C.


Background It is difficult for conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to distinguish benign soft-tissue masses (STMs) from malignant masses. Purpose To quantitatively compare the diagnostic value of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in STMs. Material and Methods The data from 58 patients with STMs were retrospectively analyzed. The GE Discovery 3.0-T MRI scanner was used to acquire conventional MRI sequences, IVIM, and DKI images. The chi-square test, independent sample t-test, and Mann–Whitney U tests were used to compare the differences between conventional MRI features, IVIM, and DKI parameters (Dslow, Dfast, f, mean kurtosis [MK], and mean diffusivity [MD]) between the benign and malignant groups. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was also performed. Results Tumor size and depth are statistically different in STTs. Dslow, MK, and MD values in the malignant groups are significantly lower than the benign groups (P < 0.05). However, Dfast and f values are not statistically different between the two groups. The area under the curve (AUC) of Dslow value (0.859) is higher than MD (0.765) and MK (0.676) values for identifying benign and malignant STMs. The Dslow value showed the best specificity (82.93%). The sensitivity and specificity of IVIM and DKI parameters are higher than that of conventional MRI sequences. Conclusion IVIM and DKI can be used to distinguish between benign and malignant STMs, with Dslow as the most meaningful parameter.


Since 2013, the highest energy IceCube cascade showers overcame the common muon neutrino tracks. This fast flavor changes, above few tens TeV, has been indebt to the injection of the long searched astrophysical neutrino. However for what concern the recent published ICECUBE 54 neutrino, High Energy Starting Events, (HESE) in 2016, as well as the most recent ones of 82 and 103 IceCube events (2017-2018) and the several dozens of thorough-going muon tracks formed around the IceCube, none of them are pointing or clustering toward any expected x, gamma or radio sources: no one in connection to GRB, no toward active BL Lac, neither to AGN source in Fermi catalog. No clear correlation with nearby mass distribution (Local Group), nor with galactic plane. Withal, there have not been any record of the expected double bang due to the tau neutrino birth and decay among several events above 200 TeV energy (we are disregarding for a moment the most celebrated recent first correlated, but unique, muon track and the recent two tau possible identification); no any self-clustering events at tens TeV energy raised in most recent searches. Furthermore, there is a tension between the internal HESE event spectra power index and the external thorough-going muon tracks one. As we will show at the conclusions a more mundane (but a bit more abundant) prompt charmed atmospheric neutrino component may pollute and rule the data, explaining most of the present enlisted IceCube puzzles. We review the last HESE event data shown in early and in most recent papers (and talks in Neutrino 2018) making the case for the simplest conclusions. We believe that most astrophysical neutrino signals are still hidden below the ashes of these new, anyway discovered, prompt atmospheric noise.


Dorsal column stimulation (DCS) therapeutic method has been used to control chronic pain and reduce spasticity of hemiplegia, but we experienced obvious improvement of reactions and expressions and increases in activity, in addition to the above actions. It is well known that electrical stimulation changes the neurotransmitter levels and cerebral blood flow, and this therapeutic method began with application of these effects for protracted consciousness disturbance. We have treated more than 200 cases after incorporation of DCS. We investigated the primary disease, age, imaging findings, and preoperative local cerebral blood flow in these patients, and found many common points in effective cases. Here, we report our studies on surgery and decision of application, focusing on DCS.


Novel, previously unknown, wide pore poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogels (PVACGs) have been prepared through a cryotropic gelation approach when water–PVA–gum arabic (GuAr) ternary liquid systems were used as feeds. The following set of conditions necessary for obtaining wide-porous, permeable for a water flow, and, simultaneously, mechanically strong enough PVACGs was established: the total concentration of gelling component—PVA (MW of 86 kDa) and non-gelling polymer—GuAr (MW of ∼650 kDa) should exceed ∼14 wt%, the GuAr : PVA ratio should be near 1 : 1 (w/w), and the feed pH should be within the range of ∼5 to 11. The phase diagrams for the water–PVA–GuAr ternary liquid systems at pH 5.3 and 10.0 have demonstrated that such "optimum" compositions are in the vicinity of the rectilinear diameters of the respective diagrams, and that the limit of GuAr solubility in the PVA-rich phase is small. In such cases this GuAr fraction strongly binds with PVA, especially under alkaline conditions, within the gel forming phase of heterophase PVACG. Light microscopy studies revealed the presence of at least three distinct kinds of pores in these cryogels. First, there are interconnected channel-like gross pores with a cross-section of 100–200 μm and larger which are the replicas of continuous GuAr-rich phase in the two-phase polymeric systems appearing due to the liquid–liquid phase separation in the ternary water–PVA–GuAr system. The second type are isolated roundish large pores ca. 10–70 μm in diameter being the replicas of the GuAr-rich phase dispersed as liquid droplets in the PVA-rich phase. In the third, there are smaller rounded pores ∼1 to 5 μm in diameter being the replicas of ice polycrystals. Such a sophisticated "poly-porous" morphology of the studied PVA cryogels is their unique feature distinguishing them from other known PVA cryogels.


Abstract : Is Air Force information warfare doctrine valuable or valueless? This research paper answers three fundamental questions about Air Force information warfare doctrine. First, why do we need Air Force information warfare doctrine? Second, what is the status of Air Force information warfare doctrine? Third, at this time, how useful is Air Force information warfare doctrine for today's Air Force? To best answer these questions, this research paper examines the origin of Air Force information warfare doctrine in relation to information warfare theory and experience, the status of Air Force information warfare doctrine in comparison to sister service and joint information warfare doctrine, and the near-term usefulness of Air Force information warfare doctrine to Air Force members. The author concludes that the Air Force needs to publish its information warfare doctrine as soon as possible to help reduce the 'fog' associated with this topic and to generate further discussion and development of the concepts and guidance in this critical area.


Simple Summary Transoral thyroidectomy accesses the thyroid gland through three incisions in the oral vestibule. The cosmetic outcome was excellent since no scar was observed on the body surface. However, it is challenging to create a working space using this new approach. Unconventional but severe complications can also occur. Our review summarizes the tips regarding working space creation in transoral thyroidectomy and tricks for preventing complications. Abstract Transoral thyroidectomy is a novel technique that uses three small incisions hidden in the oral vestibule to remove the thyroid gland. It provides excellent cosmetic results and outcomes comparable to the open approach. One of the main obstacles for this technique is the creation of a working space from the lip and chin to the neck. The anatomy of the perioral region and the top-down surgical view are both unfamiliar to general surgeons. As a result, inadequate manipulation might easily occur and would lead to several unconventional complications, such as mental nerve injury, carbon dioxide embolism, and skin perforation, which are rarely observed in open surgery. Herein, we summarize the basic concepts, techniques, and rationales behind working space creation in transoral thyroidectomy to assist surgeons in obtaining an adequate surgical field while eliminating preventable complications.


Studies of double negative materials and of metals at optical frequencies have lead to renewed interest in modelling of materials characterised by Drude or multi-pole Lorentz-Drude frequency dispersion. The auxiliary differential equation method of treatment of Drude dispersion in the finite difference time domain method is revisited, and a substantially more accurate formulation is derived.


In recent years, there may be noticed a considerable interest in the field of biomechanics. For that, it is now established as a multidisciplinary science with wide scope of further expansion and applications. Here, an effort is made to draw the attention of researchers from diverse disciplines, to this rapidly increasing field of science.


Although non-invasive transdermal application of various pharmaco-therapeutic drugs via phonophoresis (PH) is widely used in physical therapy, the influence of the type of medium in which the drug is prepared and mode of ultrasound on drug absorption is hardly explored. Hence, the same formed the aim of this study. In this study, serum concentration of diclofenac sodium (DS) was quantified and compared between gel and cream medium, using continuous mode (CTUS) and pulsed (PTUS) mode of Therapeutic Ultrasound (TUS) respectively. Study was conducted on eight healthy adult rabbits with 1% DS in gel and cream as topical application (TA) and PH using TUS of 1 MHz with 1 W/cm2 in CTUS and 20% PTUS respectively for 8 minutes during each session. Blood samples were analysed for drug concentration in serum by High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) assay. Comparison of DS concentration in plasma showed a significant difference with cream than gel medium in both CTUS (p=<.001) and PTUS (p=.005) mode. For the modes of TUS, PTUS showed significance against TA in both gel (p= <.001) and cream (p=.001) and with CTUS better with TA in cream (p = 0.003) medium. The transdermal drug absorption was significantly higher in the cream than gel medium, having similar results between continuous and pulsed TUS. PH also confirmed significantly higher drug absorption than TA in both media and modes of TUS.


Selling being the only activity of the organisation for generating sales revenue has its impact on the effectiveness of the organisation. Salesforce play a dominant role in enhancing the sales revenue and has a direct link with the effectiveness of the organisation. Most effective organizations are distinguished from less effective organizations on the basis of salesforce characteristics and salesforce performance. A salesforce control system which is an organization's set of procedures for monitoring, directing, evaluating and compensating its employees has been found to have an impact on these variables of salesforce characteristics and salesforce performance which ultimately impacts on the effectiveness of the organization. Based on the previous research studies, this study attempts to find the direct as well as indirect relationship between the use of a particular salesforce control system and the sales organization effectiveness. The study takes into consideration the research studies from the period 1987-2014.


Summary form only given, as follows. The authors propose a three-layer neural network using the maximum likelihood estimation method as the training rules. The proposed network generates hidden neuron units dynamically during the training phase. The simulation results show two exciting properties in the proposed neural network; high-speed learning and small network size. For the two-spiral problem, the number of training epochs required ranges from 21 to 30, with an average of 25 epochs. The total number of dynamically created hidden units ranges from 41 to 55 with an average of 48 units. For 2-b XOR problems and the 10-b contiguity problem, only two training epochs and two hidden units are required.<<ETX>>


Access techniques using a mobile communication device are described. In implementations, a mobile communication device comprises a processor, hardware configured to implement multi-mode wireless communication in which at least one of the modes involves telephone communication, tamper-resistant hardware implementing a secure element as storing one or more credentials, and memory having instructions stored therein. The instructions are executable by the processor to cause the mobile communication device to perform operations comprising forming a communication having data that was generated using the one or more credentials stored in the secure element, the communication to be transmitted wirelessly using the hardware implementing the multi-mode wireless communication to initiate function of a physical lock or vehicle.


The article discusses the possibilities of using the heuristic method in teaching the discipline «Fundamentals of information technologies». An example of a heuristic lesson on the topic «Visualization of data of socio-economic character with the help of diagrams» is given.


positron emission tomography. Science 1986;231:840-3 21. Takashiina S, Armstrong DL, Becker LE. Subcortical leukomaShiraki H. Pathological studies of sevcre physically and mcnlally handicapped. With special I-eference to pathological changes ol the thalamus (Japanese). Sliinkei-Kenkyu-no-Sllinpo (Tokyo) 1, ~ i a . : Relationship to development of the cerehral sulcus and its 1973; 171293-304. vascular supply. Arch Neurol 1978;35:470-2 24. Koeda T, Takeshita K, Kisa T. Bilateral opercular syndrome: an unusual complication of perinatal dificulties. Brain Dev 1995;17: 193 5 25. Moriniatsu Y, Shinohara T, Koya G, Handa T. Murofiishi K. Received Jan. 25, 1995. Accepted in revised form Aug. 15. I995


Night vision systems get more and more attention in the field of automotive active safety field. In this area, a number of researchers have proposed far-infrared sensor based night-time vehicle detection algorithm. However, existing algorithms have low performance in some indicators such as the detection rate and processing time. To solve this problem, we propose a far-infrared image vehicle detection algorithm based on visual saliency and deep learning. Firstly, most of the nonvehicle pixels will be removed with visual saliency computation. Then, vehicle candidate will be generated by using prior information such as camera parameters and vehicle size. Finally, classifier trained with deep belief networks will be applied to verify the candidates generated in last step. The proposed algorithm is tested in around 6000 images and achieves detection rate of 92.3% and processing time of 25 Hz which is better than existing methods.


This paper assessed just terms of compensation in involuntary resettlement policy and praxis in Kenya. Examination of policy on assessment of value identified the parity gap in compensation between the sociologist and economist approaches. An extrapolation of policy frameworks to a theoretical model anchored on traditional social formations conceptualized just terms of compensation for involuntary resettlement. The exploratory study of Nairobi-Thika highway discoursed on epistemology and philosophies of justice within constitutionalism of prompt payment in full of just compensation. The research methodology entailed subjecting structured questionnaires to sampled strata of project affected persons. Variables under measurement premised on Cernia's (2000) risk, impoverishment and reconstruction model to establish the level of satisfaction with the compensation praxis and inclusion of socio-cultural and economic considerations in policy. A mixed data analyses strategy combining the Analysis of Variance, Multiple Regression and Pearson Bivariate Coefficients techniques concluded that policy and legal frameworks fell short in just compensation for involuntary resettlement in Kenya. A recompense model is recommended to bridge the impoverishment gap in sociologist and economist approaches.


The purpose of this study was to analyze: 1) Implementation of the agreement with the Fiduciary PT. Andalan Finance Indonesia (Nasmoco Credit) Semarang. 2) The role of the Notary in the Deed of Fiduciary Manufacture PT. Andalan Finance Indonesia (Nasmoco Credit). 3) Obstacles and solutions in the manufacture of the Deed of Fiduciary PT. Andalan Finance Indonesia (Nasmoco Credit) Semarang.This research is research with empirical juridical approach. Specification of the research is descriptive. In this study, researchers obtained the primary data sources through interviews and field research object of research Nasmoco Credit and Notary in Semarang. The secondary data obtained through literature.The research results are: 1) Implementation of the agreement with the Fiduciary PT. Andalan Finance Indonesia (Nasmoco Credit) Semarang starting from the stage financing request of consumers, the application review consumer financing, the stages of recommendation, preparation of contract documents, disbursement of consumer financing, the stages of the agreement, the stages of the determination of insurance, the imposition of fiduciary, a deed to the notary and registration of fiduciary to fiduciary office. 2) The role of the Notary in the Deed of Fiduciary Manufacture PT. Andalan Finance Indonesia (Nasmoco Credit) Semarang is a Notary role in making authentic deed in the form of fiduciary deed in accordance with the provisions of the legislation as well as the notary office. 3) Barriers perceived by the notary that there are no obstacles for the data and procedures required by the notary had been prepared in full by both parties to undertake the financing agreement. This makes the notary does not have a bottleneck in the fiduciary deed. But for the problems in case of default Credit Nasmoco the path of deliberation, billing, administration subpoena or warning and the last way is a claim to court if there is no response from the Debtor.Keywords: Fiduciary; Agreements; Credit


This study aims to examine the relationship between union commitment and a series of antecedents- general attitudes towards union, union satisfaction, perceived justice, union instrumentality, militancy- among 461 union members from food and transportation sectors in Turkey. Regression analysis was used to test the relationships between these antecedents and union commitment. Findings revealed that instrumentality explained the highest variance in union loyalty, then came the justice perception and perceived union support. Results suggested that members saw their relation with the union mostly as an economic one, but also perceived organizational support, procedural and interactional justice which reflects a social exchange approach appear to be important for level of union commitment. Implications of the study and recommendations for further studies are discussed.


Diel vertical migration (DVM) is a common behavior of many pelagic herbivorous zooplankton species in response to predation pressure. It is characterized by a twice daily habitat shift of the zooplankton species: staying in the epilimnion only during night time and migrating down in the crack of dawn in deeper water layers, staying there during the day time. This causes a discontinuous grazing regime and previous studies have shown that the direction and strength of phytoplankton community responses to zooplankton DVM most probably depends on the size of phytoplankton species. To examine the influence of zooplankton DVM on different sized phytoplankton communities, we designed an experiment where we manipulated the size distribution of a natural phytoplankton community a priori in field mesocosms. We investigated the influence of DVM of the cladoceran Daphnia hyalina on two different phytoplankton communities, by the use of deep (10 m) field enclosures. Epilimnetic lake water, containing a summer phytoplankton community, was filtered with two different mesh sizes (11 mm and 64 mm). The 11 mm phytoplankton community ("small") contained mainly small algal species, while the 64 mm community ("large") had a wider range of phytoplankton sizes. To simulate zooplankton DVM, D. hyalina were placed in mesh cages that were lowered or raised ("migration") as dictated by the study design; a "no migration" (representing absence of DVM) treatment was also tested. Phytoplankton abundance was measured using chlorophyll-a and biovolume; size distribution of the algae and nutrient availability was also determined in each treatment. The results indicated that DVM had contrasting effects on the two evaluated phytoplankton communities. Comparison of "migration" and "no migration" zooplankton treatments showed that nutrient availability and total phytoplankton biovolume was higher in (1) "no migration" treatments with phytoplankton communities comprising mainly small algae and (2) "migration" treatments with phytoplankton communities of a broader size spectrum of algae. Hence our study showed two different mechanisms of how zooplankton DVM may influence the phytoplankton community dynamics. Nutrient cycling was an important factor in phytoplankton communities of mainly small algae, whereas the refuge effect was the main driver of phytoplankton dynamics in phytoplankton communities of a large size spectrum of algae.


Today, the widespread introduction of computer technologies serves the development of the state and society, the development of the social sphere, and the sharp improvement of people's lives.Uzbekistan in the new and digital era: changes, priorities, achievements, and plans.Describes new tasks to be performed in the future.


Carbon blocks were prepared by compression molding process using the mixture of isotropic cokes and binder pitches, which were reformed with different β-resin contents from pyrolysis fuel oil. Physical and chemical properties and also thermal behavior of binder pitches were investigated through elemental analysis, FT-IR and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. The adhesion of binder pitches to isotropic coke particles was evaluated from SEM images of the fracture surface of carbon blocks. From these results, it is shown that the adhesion between the cokes and binder was enhanced by increasing the β -resin content of binder pitches. The density of the carbon block after carbonization also increased from 1.325 to 1.383 g/cm by increasing the β-resin content of binder pitches from 1.4 to 20.1%.


Abstract
 This chapter explores the potential for One Health to shift its focus from disease prevention to health promotion to more fully integrate solutions that protect the health of humans, animals and the ecosystems on which we all depend for our economies, livelihoods, food security and health. This shift would facilitate a more seamless inclusion of ecological health and environmental conservation in the One Health paradigm and can serve as the basis for a comprehensive approach to complex problems at the root of global health. A framework for creating and applying health metrics for wildlife and ecological systems is essential for measuring the success of actions aimed at maintaining or shifting systems to desired states.


Based on the jointless track-bridge-pier-foundation integrating calculation model,it makes the second development on ANSYS,uses APDL language to formulate ALFCWR(Additional Longitudinal Forces of Continuous Welded Rail).Combining with the project case,it discusses the minimum value of longitudinal stiffness of(40+64+40)m ballasted track continuous bridge pier by using ANSYS finite element optimization technique,with a view to further improve the jointless track design.


(57) Abstract: tolerance or resistance mutant or transgenic to suppress harmful plants in rice consisting of rice product plants, optionally toxin relaxation agent which may be present in herbicidal combinations are (A) + (B) are suitable, this combination is the active content (a) :( A1) glufosinate (salts) and similar compounds; (A2) glyphosate (salts) and similar compounds such as sulfosate and (A3) imazethapyr herbicidal from the group of oxidase inhibitors (PPO inhibitors) - (imazethapyr), imazapyr (imazapyr), Imazakuin (imazaquin), imazamox (imazamox) or imidazolinones such as a salt thereof, and (A4) protoporphyrinogen broad-spectrum herbicides from the group of sexual azoles, and (B) :( B0) above the group of (a) Against one or more structurally different herbicides or (B1) monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous harmful plants al, leaf acts to soil-acting is selectively effective in rice (residual action) herbicides or ( B2) selectively effective is a herbicide in rice against harmful plants and / or sedges dicotyledon, and / or (B3) leaves action is selectively effective in rice against harmful plants monocotyledonous sex herbicides, and / or (B4) have a least one herbicide selected from the selectively enabled leaf acting to the group consisting of soil-acting herbicides in rice against harmful plants monocotyledonous and, and the rice crop are included in the above combination, optionally resistant with respect to safener may be present herbicide (a) and (B).


The "Golden Tax Project",depending on information technology and emphasizes value-added tax invoice,was put in practice in 1995.And the newly revised edition of invoice will be gradually popularized in the whole nation,first beginning from the city of Beijing in 2003.They are both important steps of tax management by IT.Invoice is the carrier of tax,and the reform on invoice is equal to the reform on tax.Modern information technology has created full conditions for a scientific efficient invoice management institutions.The thesis focuses on how to consummating invoice management institutions by means of information technology so as to control,collect and examine tax by invoice.


Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. The cardinal histopathologic features include senile plaques (SPs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and in addition, granulovacuolar degeneration (GVD) and Hirano bodies (HBs) are frequently observed in the hippocampus. We studied hippocampal cytological features of AD, compared with controls. Hippocampal squash smears were prepared from 26 autopsy brains and stained with three different solutions, including Papanicolaou stain (Pap‐s). The smears were evaluated for the aforementioned four structures and gliosis, and their frequency was compared between AD (n = 15) and control (n = 11) groups. Hippocampal smears of all AD cases revealed NFTs and gliosis. NFTs were light gray with thick flame‐like structures on Pap‐s. GVD was identified in the majority of AD cases and was most easily observed on Pap‐s. SPs were difficult to identify and were seen only in AD cases. HBs were rarely identified as long light eosinophilic hyaline structures on Pap‐s. Cytological findings of hippocampi reflect the characteristic histological features of AD with the exception of HBs, which are difficult to identify on smears. NFTs and gliosis, and SPs seem to be sensitive and specific cytologic markers in hippocampal smears for AD, respectively. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


To address the problem that the current materialized view selection methods couldn't solve random OLAP query efficiently,this paper proposed a 2-Phases Materialized View Selection(2-PMVS) algorithm which combined static materialized view selection algorithm with dynamic materialized view selection algorithm.It could dynamically bridge the gap between random queries and default queries.The experiments validate the effectiveness of the algorithm.


In this paper, a nonlinear differential braking control method is developed to avoid collision during lane change under driver torque. The lateral dynamics consist of lateral offset error and yaw error dynamics and can be interpreted as a semi-strict feedback form. In the differential braking control problem under the driver torque, a matching condition does not satisfy, and the system is not in the form of, the strict feedback form. Thus, a general backstepping control method cannot be applied. To overcome this problem, the proposed method is designed via the combination of the sliding mode control and backstepping. Two sliding surfaces are designed for differential braking control. One of the surfaces is designed considering the lateral offset error, and the other sliding surface is designed using the combination of the yaw and yaw rate errors as the virtual input of the lateral offset error dynamics. A brake steer force input is developed to regulate the two sliding surfaces using a backstepping procedure under the driver torque. Integral action and a super twisting algorithm are used in the lateral controller to ensure the robustness of the system. The proposed method, which is designed via the combination of the sliding mode control and backstepping, can improve the lateral control performance using differential braking. The proposed method is validated through simulations.


In the recent past, Atzori and Lazzarin proposed a diagram able to include the geometrical effects on the fatigue limit of defects, short cracks, long cracks and U-shaped notches of whatever severity. The diagram shows that defect sensitivity and notch sensitivity can be considered as two sides of the same medal, thus creating a bridging between Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics and Notch Mechanics. The fundamental material parameter, dependent on the load ratio, necessary to define the diagram is the El Haddad-Smith-Topper length parameter a 0 defined by the plain material fatigue limit and the threshold value of the mode I stress intensity factor for long cracks. It is worth noting that a 0 does not contain any geometry-related parameter. The diagram has been validated in the past against a number of experimental results and has been subsequently extended to sharp and blunt V-shaped notches, dependent on their absolute dimensions. After summarising the theory supporting the approach, some application examples relevant to both defect and notch sensitivity will be given


In this paper, we prove that a smooth projective globally $F$-split variety with numerically flat tangent bundle is an \'etale quotient of an ordinary abelian variety. We also show its logarithmic analog, which contains a characterization of toric varieties. We further prove that, without assumption of global $F$-splitting, a smooth projective separably rationally connected variety of arbitrary characteristic with numerically flat log cotangent bundle is a toric variety.


For linear finite element discretizations of the Laplace equation in three dimensions, we give an example of a tetrahedral mesh in the cubic domain for which the logarithmic factor cannot be removed from the standard upper bounds on the error in the maximum norm.


A 3-year-old boy with Down's syndrome, born prematurely with atrial septal defect type II and stenosis of the pulmonary artery, presented with hepatopathy and fibrosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed diffuse dilations of the biliary system, with large cystic changes suspicious for Caroli syndrome (▶Fig. 1). Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) presented signs of secondary sclerosing cholangitis of the right liver lobe with missing contrast enhancement of the left biliary system (▶Fig. 2). Because there was no communication of the left liver lobe with the central biliary system, the patient underwent surgery to drain the left liver lobe by peripheral hepaticojejunostomy. Access to the biliary system was gained by the open biliary system of segment II and intraoperative cholangioscopy was performed using the newly developed, short digital system (SpyGlass Discover; Boston Scientific Corp., Marlborough, Massachusetts, USA) (▶Video 1, ▶Fig. 3). Intraoperative cholangioscopy revealed cystic dilated bile ducts, partly filled with biliary casts in accordance with the MRI imaging (▶Fig. 4). These findings further supported the diagnosis of systemic sclerosis due to severe postnatal respiratory insufficiency and circulatory problems. Intraoperative cholangioscopy enables direct visualization of the biliary tract and is evaluated for stone clearance during cholecystectomy [1, 2]. Single-operator cholangioscopy has developed as a standardized procedure during ERCP for E-Videos


Objective To evaluate the relationship between the clinicopathological features and the expression of TTF-1 gene in thyroid benign diseases. Methods TTF-1 expression were determined by immunohistochemistry(S-P method) in 45 hyperplastic lesions(including 31 goiters,12 adenomas and 2 Graves diseases)and 19 normai tissue.Results The rate of positive expression of TTF-1 was 64.4% and 57.9% in hyperplastic lesions and normal tissue,respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P0.05); but The data showed that there was a higher positive expression among the lesions with papillae and microadenomas or adenomas(P 0.05).Conclusions The expression of TTF-1 suggests that there are functional focus and lesions with more active biological behavour in thyroid benign diseases.


We have theoretically investigated changes in reflection coefficients induced by misfit strain located near the interface between an iron-yttrium garnet magnetic film and a nonmagnetic gadolinium-gallium garnet substrate in a transverse magneto-optical configuration.


AEC Hillcrest awned slender wheatgrass [Elymus trachycaulus subsp. subsecundus (Link) Gould] is a reclamation variety developed for use in reclaiming and revegetating disturbed sites in the mountains and foothills of Alberta. It is the first variety of awned slender wheatgrass available in Canada. Key words: Awned wheatgrass, slender wheatgrass, Elymus trachycaulus, cultivar description, reclamation


In the past, research on consumer dissatisfaction with legal services tended to be quantitative in nature, and focused primarily on consumer opinion of the legal profession. These quantitative studies have been valuable in gaining a basic understanding of consumer consensus of legal services and the legal profession. However, a qualitative understanding of the complexity of the personal dissatisfaction experience with legal services, as well as the psychological and social meanings and consequences of these experiences, is an important contribution to the literature. This dissertation provides a qualitative view of the experience of consumer dissatisfaction with legal services in Manhattan, NY. An interpretative phenomenological analysis using semistructured interviews was used to examine the dissatisfaction experiences of four participants. The analysis resulted in five super-ordinate themes and their accompanying sub-themes. The super-ordinate themes are: (a) disconfirmation of expectations leads to alienation, (b) rationalizing disconfirmation experience, (c) resisting alienation by developing coping mechanisms, (d) psychological reactions, and (e) desire for measures that would confirm expectations. The study used existing literature to clarify the results, and make recommendations. Information from this study could provide direction to the New York State legislature and to the legal profession as a whole, as to how to respond to the complex phenomenon of consumer dissatisfaction with legal services. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Education (EdD) Department Executive Leadership First Supervisor Jerry Willis Second Supervisor Mark Villanti Subject Categories Education This dissertation is available at Fisher Digital Publications: http://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/education_etd/215 An Analysis of the Perceptions of the Legal Profession through the Eyes of Dissatisfied Consumers of Legal Services in Manhattan, NY: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis


The InAlAs/InGaAs/InP HEMT is the state-of-the-art technology for design of ultralow noise amplifiers for radio astronomy and deep space communication. One of the
reasons that make this technology very attractive is the outstanding cut-off frequency fT and maximum frequency of oscillation fmax. However, a low frequency dispersion
problem has been found for InP HEMTs working at very low temperature. This is a concern for receivers working in cryogenic condition to achieve better noise performance. No study has been published on this phenomenon before.
In this thesis, a full study of low frequency dispersion in InP HEMTs is presented. The study is based on different measurement techniques including DC, RF and pulse characterization as well as analyzing spectrum measurements. Moreover, this thesis is focused on the influence of the temperature and device structure on the low frequency dispersion problem. Three mechanisms, traps, odd mode oscillation and impact ionization, have been found closely associated with the observation of low frequency dispersion in InP HEMTs.