Dilution bioassays were conducted to evaluate the impact of nutrients on biomass (chlorophyll a), photosynthetic potential, and class composition of suspended algal assemblages in the middle Cape Fear River (USA). Ambient concentrations of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) varied from 37.2 to 83.8 and from 1.0 to 7.1 μmol L–1. Experiments conducted at photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFDs) similar to the mixed water column (< 1 to 5.3 E m–2d–1) showed no change in chlorophyll a, photosynthetic potential, or algal class composition at 15, 30, and 45% dilutions of DIN, SRP, or both. However, chlorophyll a and photosynthetic potential increased significantly in nutrient dilution bioassays conducted at PPFDs four-fold above ambient, while the abundance of diatoms and Chrysophytes increased under elevated PPFD and ambient or elevated nutrients. Overall, the data indicate that irradiance is more important than nutrients in determining the size and class composition of suspended algal assemblages. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Proof. We use the 3 probability axioms of definition 1.1. 1) Write A∪B = (A∩Bc)∪(B∩Ac)∪(A∩B)⇒ P (A∪B) = P (A∩Bc)+P (B∩Ac)+P (A∩B) (from axiom 3 and since the events are mutually exclusive). Now, P (A) = P (A∩Bc)+P (A∩B)⇒ P (A ∩ B) = P (A) − P (A ∩ B). Similarly, P (B) = P (B ∩ A) + P (A ∩ B) ⇒ P (B ∩ A) = P (B)−P (A∩B). Plugging in, you get P (A∪B) = P (A)−P (A∩B)+P (B)−P (A∩B)+P (A∩B) ⇒ P (A ∪B) = P (A) + P (B)− P (A ∩B). 2) Consider the partition Ω = A ∪ A, so that the 3rd axiom yields P (Ω) = P (A ∪ A) = P (A) + P (A), and from the 1rst axiom P (Ω) = 1. Thus P (A) + P (A) = 1. 3) Let A,B be sets such that A ⊆ B. Then either A = B or A ⊂ B. If A = B, then P (A) = P (B). If A ⊂ B, then A ∩B = A, and therefore (see the proof of part 1) 0 ≤ P (B ∩Ac) = P (B)− P (A ∩B)⇒ P (A) ≤ P (B). 4) Let ∅ be the empty set, with Ω = ∅. From part 2 and using axiom 1, we have P (Ω) + P (Ω) = 1⇒ P (∅) = 0.


Novel tube-in-tube nanostructures are synthesized for many binary and ternary metal oxides, including CuCo2O4, ZnCo2O4, CoMn2O4, ZnMn2O4, MnCo2O4, NiCo2O4, Mn2O3, Co3O4, NiO, and Fe2O3 by thermal annealing (380—450 °C, 4 h) of precursors obtained from carbon nanofibers dispersed in ethylene glycol with different metal acetates (reflux for 2 h).


In large-scale manufacturing enterprises,manual inspection of the electrical equipments can sometimes bring serious problems because of human technicians' mistakes or neglect of duty.An automated inspection system is developed,and using relational database technology of SQL Server 2000 and embedded database technology of SQL Server CE3.0,which consists of a portable station(PS) and a central information processing system(CIPS),and based on the technology of RFID,GPS positioning,information management and information transmission.The data processing in the system is accomplished between CIPS and PS.The efficiency and reliability of the system are verified by field testing.


To facilitate applications in IoT, 5G, and beyond, there is an engineering need to enable high-rate, low-latency communications. Errors in physical channels typically arrive in clumps, but most decoders are designed assuming that channels are memoryless. As a result, communication networks rely on interleaving over tens of thousands of bits so that channel conditions match decoder assumptions. Even for short high rate codes, awaiting sufficient data to interleave at the sender and de-interleave at the receiver is a significant source of unwanted latency. Using existing decoders with non-interleaved channels causes a degradation in block error rate performance owing to mismatch between the decoder's channel model and true channel behaviour.Through further development of the recently proposed Guessing Random Additive Noise Decoding (GRAND) algorithm, which we call GRAND-MO for GRAND Markov Order, here we establish that by abandoning interleaving and embracing bursty noise, low-latency, short-code, high-rate communication is possible with block error rates that outperform their interleaved counterparts by a substantial margin. Moreover, while most decoders are twinned to a specific code-book structure, GRANDMO can decode any code. Using this property, we establish that certain well-known structured codes are ill-suited for use in bursty channels, but Random Linear Codes (RLCs) are robust to correlated noise. This work suggests that the use of RLCs with GRAND-MO is a good candidate for applications requiring high throughput with low latency.


Building Information Modeling has been a catalyst for process change in the AEC industry in terms of earlier decision making, and in identifying the need for more precise and accurate information throughout the design and construction process. Due to the use of collaborative project delivery methods, and the owner's participation on the project team, the same catalyst is now forcing owners to provide more precise information regarding required deliverables. Consideration of the desired intent for the utilization of information during the life-cycle of the building is necessary to determine optimal information requirement. From the time of project conception, and throughout all project phases, opportunities exist to collect important information. The industry has responded with the development of consulting services to meet the owner's needs, and to also assist with recommended processes for owners to operationalize the project closeout information. Owner guides and standards are purposely kept generic to suit the needs of all owners and rarely attempt to address the specific data needs at the point of close-out. It is common for some owners to adopt another organization's existing contract deliverable statements but owners should articulate their own meaningful verbiage to achieve the desired closeout requirements. There are an excessive number of decisions required from the owner in determining their specific organizational needs, which present various challenges to the owner, but involve instrumental steps to begin constructing meaningful BIM attribute data. An understanding of the taxonomy and standards for the information will assist owners with operationalizing the handover deliverables. Additionally, defining the taxonomy for owner information will further delineate the LOD500 for future research. INTRODUCTION All organizations, regardless of type, size, and purpose, should develop a plan when attempting to implement a new process or technology. Although the concept is not new, Reddy (2012) described the information planning process for owners as the need to know where they currently are with regards to people, processes, and platforms – a gap analysis for owners. The Planning Guide for Facility Owners (2012) recommends a three step planning process to begin using BIM: Assess, Align and Advance. As part of the required assessment, owners must recognize the 673 COMPUTING IN CIVIL AND BUILDING ENGINEERING ©ASCE 2014


A multi-scale cooperative searching simplified PSO (MSPSO) was put forward to avoid the standard PSO (SPSO) premature, which was put forward by simulating ants working cooperatively in nature. Its particles trajectories were analyzed and its convergence was proved. The numerical experiment indicates that the MSPSO has better searching performance, especially in solving the higher dimensional optimization problems.


This paper introduces a PID(proportional integral derivative) algorithms whose setting value is revised by the past errors in the batching control system, which greatly improve the quality of the controlling. The application results in stabilized soil batching shows high quality, so this algorithms is worth popularizing.


The integration and complexity of modern engineering continually requires the engineering and technical personnel should have new and high quality.The issues that how to handle the theory and practice,knowledge and ability,innovation quality training to meet the needs of training professionals of the engineering practice in the engineering education training model has become the focus of universities and society.To take Hubei University of Automotive Industries as an example,the article focused on engineering practice ability training of the core elements,carried out a series of exploration and reform of the training mode,formed the training model of a set of independent theoretical courses and practical courses,promoted simultaneously the theory and practice of teaching,the school experiment base combined with the factory experiment base,the practical engineering background platforms integrated the scenarios education platform,constructed the industry-university cooperation,the education and production practice combined closely.


The dermatopathology pseudocowpox is a maculo- papular, pustular to ulcerative, self-limited course, caused by epiteliotropo DNA viruses, family Poxviridae, genus parapoxvirus and species Pseudocowpoxvirus, whose hosts are cattle and man, usually transmitted to people by contact with infected animals. However, in the parish Espino municipality Infante, Guarico State, prior viral confirmation was taken a number of human cases and conducted a clinical and epidemiological study. A total of sixteen (16) were surveyed, by purposive sampling. Trend evidenced backlog of cases under 34 years (56.25%), male sex is more affected (75.00%) to 81.25% occupancy corresponds to the milkers, and 87.50% of the respondents, reported not having previous experience or formal training in the management of beef cattle. The wheal-like lesions, accounting for 75.00%, the most affected anatomic region is the hand (81.25%), usually with single lesions. It was noticed that the deficiencies in preventive practices of disinfection of the mammary gland, hand washing, use of antiseptics and gloves for biosafety, are factors associated with frequency of cases. Hence, to control the disease is imperative to educate producers, milkers and all workers who are related to the exploitation of cattle in the prevention and control of diseases, biosecurity and hygiene standards of production.


The goal of marketing is to meet and satisfy the need/expectation of consumers. While understanding consumers' behavior is a must for producers to win the business competition. Consumers' behavior will be affected by various factors, including psychology and socio-cultural. Companies are offering their products to meet the needs of customers to their satisfaction. And in the business world competitions are abound. In order to win the competition, a company must offer products that satisfy the customers. The achievement of a certain level of consumers' satisfaction is one of the indications of winning a business competition, an achievement that must be maintained for the sustainable competitive advantage of a company. Keywords: Consumers' behavior, psychological and socio-cultural factors, consumers' satisfaction, business competition


Arleo et al used Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network (CISNET) computer modeling to compare the benefit and harms from 3 different screening recommendations from the American College of Radiology (ACR), the American Cancer Society (ACS), and the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). Mandelblatt et al modeled multiple screening strategies ending at age 74 years and by comparing life-years gained with mammograms performed found that both the ACR and USPSTF strategies were efficient, whereas hybrid strategies such as that of the ACS were not. The ACR recommendation for annual screening starting at age 40 years and ending at age 84 years was found to have a greater benefit in breast cancer mortality reduction in both analyses compared with that of the USPSTF (biennial, ages 5074 years) (38/26 vs 40/23), as would be expected. Arleo et al did not provide the incremental benefit of annual screening beyond age 74 years in terms of relative or absolute risk reduction. The previous CISNET modeling of overdiagnosis in this older age group did not use annual screening and did not account for resource costs. Therefore, an annual or biennial screening strategy for older women is not necessarily cost-effective, and is not based on evidence from the randomized trials. Advocates for aggressive screening schedules must account for overdiagnosis, which harms a percentage of healthy women and negates the breast cancer mortality benefit. Advocates for any health intervention also must consider the opportunity cost of the resources used, which often is done through cost-effectiveness analyses. Using CISNET models, Stout et al calculated a median of $250,000 per quality-adjusted life-year incremental gain using the ACR strategy up to age 74 years instead of the USPSTF strategy, using conservative Medicare cost inputs. The inclusion of negative quality-of-life adjustments from screening and false-positive mammograms would increase the ratio from 20% to 70%. Radiologists could help to quantify the disutility from false-positive recalls and benign biopsies. O'Donoghue et al previously reported that adopting the ACS ($10.1 billion) versus the USPSTF ($3.5 billion) strategy would generate additional direct screening costs of >$6.6 billion in the United States in 2010. Assuming that average cost inputs based on insurance reimbursement data are 70% higher, this result increases to $11.2 billion in 2013 dollars. Adjust for 100% instead of 85% participation and the Consumer Price Index increases the total difference in strategies to $14.7 billion in 2017 dollars. This additional resource cost is direct revenue to the >8500 screening facilities (average, $1.7 million) and associated radiologists in the United States. Recall rates from US insurance claims data already are between 13% to 19%, which is higher than the Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium data used in the CISNET models. Decreasing the US false-positive rate from 15% to 10% would save at least $1.3 billion annually, which is enough to treat 25,000 women with invasive cancer. Accepting the 2-year screening intervals recommended by the USPSTF would help radiologists in the United States move toward the more efficient European recall performance rate of <5%. Women considering screening mammography and politicians mandating insurance benefits should be aware of the financial incentives that influence screening recommendations from panels with conflicts of interest.


Background: Cancer-Related Fatigue (CRF) is one of the most common complaints among cancer patients, which is experienced by 50-90% of them. It can affect several physical, emotional, and social aspects of cancer patients' lives and reduce their quality of life. In recent decades, the number of studies has increased in this regard, and several different ways for CRF management have been introduced. We aimed to assess the effect of Honey Jell ® on reducing cancer-related fatigue among breast cancer patients undergoing cancer treatment.
Methods: The current study was a 9-week, double-blind, randomized phase III clinical trial, which was carried out on 40 breast cancer patients at the Cancer Institute of Iran. The participants were randomly assigned to two groups by the Balanced-Block Randomization method. The study group received Honey Jell ® (natural product based on honey, royal jelly, and extract of Ziziphus zizyphus) while we used ordinary honey as a placebo for the control group. We assessed CRF at baseline, 2 and 4 weeks after the start of the study and four weeks after finishing the intervention using three different approaches. The mean score of fatigue was compared between the study groups during the study period using the T-test.
Results: Mean of fatigue score for intervention and control cases was 39.80 (±9.6) and 38.4 (±11.1) at the baseline (P-value= 0.698). The figure reduced to 31.55 (±6.08) for the intervention group in the 2nd week, while for controls, it was 35.55 (±8.2) (P=0.041). The mean score of fatigue continuously reduced to 30.65 (±6.86) in the fourth week in the intervention cases, which was considerably lower than the figure for controls (36.05±5.20) (P=0.024). The mean score of CRF in the intervention group increased 31.80 (±6.91) four weeks after the end of the study, while it was almost unchanged for controls (36.64±6.13) and the observed difference was not statistically significant (P=0.148).
Conclusion: Honey Jell ® could be considered as an effective treatment to alleviate cancer-related fatigue. However, more studies are required in this regard.


In the construction industry, it is of great importance for project managers (PM) to consider the resource allocation arrangement problem based on different perspectives. In this situation, the management of resources in construction becomes a challenge. Generally speaking, there are many objectives that need to be optimized in construction that are in conflict with each other, including time, cost, and energy consumption (EC). This paper proposed a multi-objective optimization framework based on the quantum genetic algorithm (QGA) to obtain the best trade-off relationship among these goals. The construction resources allocated in each construction activity would eventually determine its execution time, cost, and EC, and a complexed time-cost-energy consumption trade-off framework of the project is finally generated due to correlations between construction activities. QGA was performed to find the best combination among time, cost, and EC and the optimal scheme of resource arrangement under this state. The construction process is simulated in BIM to check the rationality of this resource allocation mode. An industrial plant office building in China is presented as an example to illustrate the implementation of the proposed model. The results show that the presented method could effectively reduce 7% of cost, 17% of time, and 21% of energy consumption. This developed model is expected to help PMs to solve the problem of multi-objective optimization with limited resource allocation.


Four types of silicon sonic nozzles are examined with different sizes to unveil their macro properties as a metering device. The throat dimensions are 38 to 140 µm for nozzles of types A and D and 75 to 184 µm for nozzles of types B and C. According to the experimental results, it is found that the discharge coefficient is proportional to the throat dimension for the four types of nozzles. With a perfectly etched geometry, the critical back pressure ratio for type B or C can reach the level of 0.4. With a micro thermal sensor attached on the surface at the nozzle exit of type A, the temperature measured shows that the silicon nozzle reaches thermal equilibrium with sonic flow in about a minute.


Banking services have been predominantly popular in all the countries since time immemorial. The banking industry everywhere in the global economy has thrived because of deposit mobilization from the savings of people and channelization of such mobilized deposits for the strengthening of trade, industry and commerce. Core Banking System in Commercial Banks have been introduced with a view to get rid of the traditional time consuming tedious manual operations in commercial banks. The Narasimhan Committee Report on banking has suggested technology up gradation of banking services to reduce the stress on people and to improve the efficiency and accuracy in banking operations. The present study aims for finding out the opinion regarding the operational efficiency and evaluate the customer satisfaction after the introduction of Core Banking System. Keywords-Operational Efficiency, Customer Satisfaction, Core Banking System


•  Under normal conditions, individual nerve cells express a cohort of several nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes with unique functional properties. Therefore, single‐ channel recordings of such neurons reflect the mixed properties of the various expressed receptors. •  Previous attempts to recapitulate the properties of naturally occurring receptors using recombinant receptors of known subunit composition in heterologous expression systems have been largely unsuccessful, as the properties of these receptors vary widely among expression systems. •  We measured the properties of specific nAChRs in superior cervical ganglion neurons cultured from mice with targeted deletions of select nAChR subunit genes. Mice lacking both the α5 and the β2 subunits express α3β4 receptors, whereas single‐knockout (KO) mice lacking either α5 or β2 express α3β4β2 and α3β4α5 (plus α3β4) hetero‐oligomeric receptors, respectively. This approach allows one to investigate these receptors at the single‐channel level in their native environment. The single‐channel properties of nACh receptors in superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons from α5β2α7 triple‐KO mice were similar to the properties of receptors measured in α5β2 double‐KO mice. •  The principal conductance level of α3β4 receptors was 32.6 ± 0.8 pS (mean ± SEM), and these receptors also displayed both higher and lower secondary conductance levels. The conductance levels of α3β4α5 receptors were identical to α3β4 receptors, but the α3β4α5 receptors had longer open times and burst duration. α3β4β2 receptors had a lower conductance level and longer open times than α3β4 receptors. Interestingly, all three receptor types could be identified faithfully in wild‐type C57Bl/6J SCG neurons.


Marijuana use is associated with significant hemodynamic effects, including increases in heart rate and changes in blood pressure, but whether its use increases MI risk is unclear. In this multicenter study, researchers interviewed 3882 patients who suffered acute MI between August 1989 …


In this paper,a kind of nonlinear multiobjective minimax problem( P )as: f(x *) min x∈X max y∈Ω x,η (f 1(x,y),f 2(x,y),…,f m(x,y)) ,where Ω x,η ={y=(y 1,y 2,…,y n}|x i-ηδ i≤y i≤x i+ηδ i,η≥0,i=1,2,…,n },tolerance vectors δ=(δ 1,δ 2,…,δ n) is disscussed, A new maximum entropy function for the problem (P ) is given,and the problem( P ) is transformed into a differentiable one objective optimization problem, thus a computative method of the problem(P)′ e weak effective solution is obtained. [WT5HZ]


Using the research methods of literature,questionnaire,interview to experts etc.,it made an approach around the issue how fitness Qigong brought into play the service function in the aspects of sports facilities,organization,instruction,information etc.of community sport.It considered that fitness Qigong played an active role in the construcion of pluralized service system of community sports,and offered the following suggestions: perfecting the construction of fitness Qigong exercise stations or places,strengthening the organizational net system,and integrating the development of the two closely.


Aircraft taxiing on the surface contribute significantly to the fuel burn and emissions at airports. This paper is aimed at estimating the baseline fuel burn and emissions from taxi-out processes at airports, evaluating the potential benefits of strategies proposed to reduce them, and assessing the critical implementation barriers that need to be overcome prior to the adoption of these approaches at airports. This study evaluates the effects of two different strategies, namely, single engine taxiing and operational tow-outs, as well as the total potential decrease in taxi times, fuel burn and emissions that may be obtained through various operational improvements at airports. The baseline emission calculation is done for all domestic commercial flights in the US for the year 2007, and a comparative study of the effects of these strategies is performed for the top twenty airports (by number of departures) in the US.


Neural networks are gaining more and more popularity today. The scope of their application is quite extensive and covers segments from banking to medical research. Neural networks are currently the most popular application models. These networks, characterized by a large number of hidden layers and huge volumes of training data, require specialized high-performance devices. FPGAs and GPUs have been the main platforms for implementing hardware neural networks in the past few years. A critical condition for the use of neural networks in embedded systems is predictability in time.At the same time, there are a number of limitations that prevent the use of neural networks in portable embedded systems. There are two main requirements for such systems: power consumption and real-time requirement. In all power-constrained scenarios, FPGAs are the natural choice. Currently, there are no well-established methodologies for confirming compliance with real-time requirements. The author investigates the ability to simulate FPGA-based hardware neural networks using queuing networks (QNN). The article shows that various structures of hardware neural networks are well mapped to the QNN model and the analysis of functional and dynamic parameters using the mathematical apparatus and simulation tools of QNN will allow optimize the architecture of hardware neural networks to achieve real-time constraints. In addition to optimizing time parameters, this article discusses the use of QNNto optimize memory resources.


A gas phase mini-circulation apparatus was made and used to release hydrogen cyanide from test blood (1ml) containing cyanide (CN-) by addition of 3 ml of 13.3% phosphoric acid (final concentration : 10%) at 70°C ; the hydrogen cyanide was then absorbed with cooled 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solution (5 ml) during gas-phase circulation for 20 min. The amount of cyanide absorbed by the 0.1 N sodium hydroxide solution was determined by a modified pyridine-pyrazolone method at 50°C to accelerate the color development. The minimal detectable quantity of cyanide by the proposed colorimetry was 0.1 μg/ml blood. A linear relationship was observed between the absorbance and the amount of cyanide in blood within the range of 0.1-2.5 μg (3.8-96.1 nmol). The recovery was 97.9% and the precision was 2.0% (n=10) when blood (1 ml) containing cyanide (1.2 μg/ml) was used as the test sample. The present method required only 1 h for determination of cyanide in 1 ml of blood. The concentrations of cyanide in blood samples from 5 persons who had died from cyanide poisoning and from 9 who had succumbed in fires were determined by the present method. Significant amounts of cyanide (2.0-22.8 μg/ml, 76.9-876.2 nmol/l) were present in the majority of victims of cyanide poisoning in contrast with the much lower amounts (0-4.9 μg/ml, 0-188.3 nmol/l) in fire victims.


This thesis presents a series of three related studies with the aim of developing a surface that promotes robust dropwise condensation. Due to their remarkably low droplet adhesion, superhydrophobic surfaces were investigated for application to dropwise condensation. Although precise model superhydrophobic surfaces were necessary to gain insight into these phenomena, it was recognized that wide-scale implementation necessitates a surface that can be mass-produced at an industrial scale. To this end, anodized metal oxide surfaces were pursued as candidate condenser materials. First, a study was performed to determine the precise conditions leading to the transition between wetting and non-wetting states. By depositing pendant drops of various sizes on a superhydrophobic surface and observing their wetting behavior, a hitherto unknown mechanism for wetting transition is reported. A new phase diagram was developed which shows that both large and small droplet can transition to wetted states due to the new deceleration-driven and the previously-known Laplace mechanisms. It is shown that the attainment of a non-wetted superhydrophobic state is more restrictive than previously thought. Second, we investigate the large-scale fabrication of superhydrophobic surfaces via two different methods: solvent-induced crystallization of a thermoplastic polymer, and anodic oxidation of aluminum. Although the polymer surface as not able to withstand the high temperatures seen during condensation, the applicability of the anodized metal surface to dropwise condensation was further investigated. Third, to replicate the conditions of a typical power plant or desalination plant, an apparatus was constructed that condenses steam at pressures below 1 atm. It employs a vacuum chamber in which a surface is exposed to saturated steam at various pressures. The rig design and operating principles are explained, and the results of condensation tests on superhydrophobic anodized metal oxide surfaces are presented. It was found that although the metal oxide surfaces were able to resist wetting of macroscale droplets, they suffered from non-preferential nucleation and droplet growth. This led to the eventual growth of a macroscale Wenzel droplet, which proved to be difficult to shed from the surface. Thesis Supervisor: Kripa K. Varanasi Title: d'Arbeloff Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering


Aiming at the problem of steel heaping at the position from Stand 18 to Shear 3 in Φ 10 mm rebar production with four slitting process,the author analyzes the main reason with statistics and listing and proposes the solving method.Consequently the ratio of heaped rebar number to total discarded rebar number at this area was substantially reduced and normal production ensured.


Deficiencies in British manufacturing industry are described and proposals outlined for a new generation of managers capable of restoring the fortunes of British industry.


This dissertation presents a stock-flow consistent (SFC) model with an integrated input-output (IO) model for the study of the economic mechanisms by which capital assets might be stranded in the fossil fuel extraction and energy generation sectors. It assesses the major macroeconomic and financial implications of both capital asset stranding in these sectors and different transitions to a low carbon economy. The model is that of a pure credit economy that consists of three firm sectors, two household sectors and a banking sector. The three firm sectors are a fossil fuel energy sector (the 'brown' sector), a renewable energy sector (the 'green' sector), and a firm sector that produces non-energy goods (the 'other' sector). The two household sectors are an 'ethical' household sector and a 'normal' household sector.
The model is used to investigate a number of claims from the stranded assets literature regarding the effects of different types of transitions to a low carbon economy (slow, fast, anticipated and unanticipated) and different changes in market conditions (due to changes in policy, financing conditions, technology or social norms). The results of the transition simulations support a number of the arguments made in the stranded assets literature, namely that faster transitions and unanticipated transitions are likely to strand more assets and have more disruptive effects on financial markets than slower transitions and anticipated transitions. The results of the market conditions simulations suggest that changes in market conditions that affect the real side of the economy are likely to lead to larger effects on demand and asset stranding than changes in market conditions that primarily affect firms' borrowing costs. In addition, these simulations suggest that changes in market conditions are unlikely to have a large effect on the demand for different types of energy (and therefore on stranding) unless renewable energy becomes a close substitute for fossil fuel energy.


Let D be a three-dimensional domain consisting of points (x, y, y'), such that (x, y) lies in a given two-dimensional domain d, and y' is such that — oo < y < GO. Let f (x, y, y'), g (x, y, y') be two functions, which are continuous, and possess continuous partial derivatives of the first three orders with respect to the variables x, y, y , in the domain D. Let P\(xu yx), P2(xo,y2) be two fixed points of the domain d, and let the function y = ift (x) have the following properties:


This paper discusses how Protestant missionaries have affected the core cultural ecological activities among the Mopan Maya, specifically focusing on the maintenance of maize diversity and stingless beekeeping. Although seemingly unrelated to activities such as maize farming and beekeeping, foreign Protestant missionaries disrupt the traditional relationship with and perception of the natural world held by the Mopan Maya. Core cultural ecological activities have declined in importance and frequency as the spiritual landscape changes. This paper will demonstrate that in the traditional Mopan Maya world, religion, environment, and land use activities are often interwoven. When change occurs in one area, the ramifications of this change are often seen in other areas of the Mopan Maya cultural ecological landscape. The Mopan interweave objects in the natural world with those in the spiritual world.


A one‐sentence nonalgebraic evaluation of averages, such as occur in the theory of the Debye‐Waller factor, is given, which is valid for certain types of anharmonic modes and also for ensembles more general than the canonical ensemble.


This paper contributes to two recurring and very central debates in the international management literature: the convergence vs. divergence debate and the standardization vs. localization debate. Using a large-scale sample of multinationals headquartered in the US, Japan and Germany as well as subsidiaries of multinationals from these three countries in the two other respective countries, we test the extent to which HRM practices in subsidiaries are characterized by country-of-origin, localization, and dominance effects. Our results show that for German and Japanese subsidiaries the dominance effect is most important, i.e. their practices appear to converge to the dominant US practices. For US subsidiaries localization effects are particularly important. Hence our results lead to the rather surprising conclusion that for what might be considered to be the most localized of functions – HRM – convergence to a world-wide best practices model is clearly present for Japanese and German multinationals. The lack of country-of-origin effects for Japanese and German multinationals leads us to a conclusion that is of significant theoretical as well as practical relevance. Multinationals might limit export of country-of origin practices to what they consider to be their core competences and converge to best practices in other areas. . HRM PRACTICES IN SUBSIDIARIES OF US, JAPANESE AND GERMAN MNCS: COUNTRY-OF-ORIGIN, LOCALIZATION OR DOMINANCE EFFECT? For at least four decades the international management literature has been characterized by two recurring and very central debates: on the macro (country) level the so-called convergence vs. divergence debate, which remains a key point of controversy in cross-cultural management; and, on the meso (company) level, the standardization vs. localization debate, one of the central questions in the literature on multinational corporations (MNCs). While on a theoretical level this latter debate has been mainly conducted with regard to management practices in general, human resource management (HRM) has occupied a particularly important position in empirical studies in this field. In this paper we adopt a broad definition of HRM as the activities that a company conducts to use its human resources effectively. Since HRM deals with the management of people, it is often seen as one of the functions that will be least likely to converge across countries and where MNCs are more likely to localize their practices than to export their country-of-origin practices. While our literature review below shows that there is considerable support for this assumption, the question remains whether the increasing importance of globalization and the evergrowing presence of MNCs will not diminish the localization of practices. In this context, the dominance effect assumes particular importance. It occurs when management practices of subsidiaries are neither shaped in accordance to the host country (localization), nor to the home country (country-of-origin effect), but according to that country which sets the standards for what are perceived global 'best practices'. Much of the research in this area has focused on in-depth studies of a limited number of countries and has not allowed us to systematically compare the existence of country-of-origin, localization and dominance effects. This study therefore employs a very carefully matched design in which we investigate the same three countries (the USA, Japan and Germany) as home and host


Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition is a popular control and monitoring scheme and is predominantly used in many industrial systems. Driven by the motivation of extending the usage of the SCADA systems for microgrid, a novel centralized Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System with Distributed Control Systems is proposed and validated for the microgrid. Supervisory instructions are issued from the central control system, whereas the local controllers are used to implement the exclusive control schemes required for the various subsystems. A wired sensor network is used to monitor the various vital parameters and a Graphical User Interface (GUI) is used for monitoring the status of operation of the various subsystems along with their parametric values. The proposed system is simulated in the MATLAB SIMULINK environment. An experimental verification prototype has also been carried out where a PC (Personal Computer) with a Graphical User Interface developed in C# and a microcontroller is used to act as an interface between the distributed controllers in the plant and the master control PC.


Recommended Citation O'Flynn-Magee, Kathy; Rodney, Patricia; Maitland, Skye; Proznick, Kate; Turner, Hannah; Esson, Lynne; Dhari, Ranjit; Poon, Amy Fong-Yuk; Radu, Raluca; and Scholte, Tom (2021) "The CRAB Workshop: Using Forum Theatre and Cognitive Rehearsal to Address Bullying in Nursing Education," Quality Advancement in Nursing Education Avancées en formation infirmière: Vol. 7: Iss. 2, Article 2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17483/2368-6669.1290


The measurements of PbWO 4 crystal light yield associated to PIN diode with fast electronics have been made using an electrons and pions beam. Compared to the results obtained using the slow electronics, these new results are lower by a factor 1.5 to 2. The assumption is that this diierence is due to the scintillation slow contribution.


The characteristics of dopamine uptake, D-1 and D-2 receptors after acute and subacute cocaine administration were determind in striatum from WKY and SHR. Cocaine was administered either acutely (40 mg/kg, s.c.) or twice daily (20 mg/kg, s.c.) for 3 and 7 days in 9-wk old WKY and SHR. Rats were sacrificed 30 min, 2 or 24 h after the single injection and 18 h after the last administration to the subacutely treated group. The changes in dopamine uptake, dopamine uptake sites, D-1 and D-2 receptors were determined using dopamine, -GBR-12935, SCH-23390 and sulpiride, respectively. In acutely treated rats, significant increases in of dopamine uptake were observed 30 min after the cocanine injection in both strains without changes in values. The in vitro for cocaine was significantly decreased 30 min in WKY and 2 h in SHR. However, that for in vitro GBR-12909 was significantly increased 30 min and 2 h in both strains. Also densities of -GBR-12935 binding sites were significantly increased 30 min and 2 h without changes in their . Significant increases in D-2 receptor density were observed 30 min, 2 or 24 h after acute injection in both strains without changes in their affinities. The density of D-1 receptor was significantly decreased 30 min after the injection in WKY, but not in SHR. In subacutely treated rats, a significant increase in of dopamine uptake was observed in 7-day treated SHR. The in vitro fot GBR-12909 was significantly increased in 3-day treated WKY. The density of D-1 receptors was significantly increased in 3- and 7-day treated WKY, but not in SHR. The affinity of both binding sites remained unchanged. The results suggest that cocanine administration alters dopamine uptake, characteristics of dopamine uptake sites and dopamine receptor binding characteristics in rat brain. Furthermore, D-1 and D-2 dopamine receptors appear to be differently regulated.


The paper deals with the planning basis, analysis and assessment of developmental status and general trends of Kursumlija municipality, as well as the status of development planning, resource management and the constraints of social development and public services. Although not considered as a prioritized development and planning choice, the local sustainable social development represents a significant support to long-term development strategies and to demographic stability. This segment of spatial development planning is closely related to social values, political and economic context, which perform a variety of effects on the constitution of its concept. The aim of the paper is to show that different, and sometimes conflicting concepts of the social development that are defined at higher planning levels, need to be checked in relation to local specificities and requirements. Based on that, it is possible to create a concept of public services spatial development that will be applicable and will meet the demands and potentials of the local community.


BACKGROUND/AIMS
To investigate the technical ease and results of gasless laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy with lymph node dissection via mini-laparotomy using abdominal wall lift for early gastric cancer.

METHODOLOGY
We submitted 20 patients to laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy for early gastric cancer located in the middle or lower stomach. The initial 10 cases underwent perigastric lymph node dissection (D1), and the subsequent 10 cases received further dissection around the left gastric and common hepatic arteries (D1 + a). Mini-laparotomy was placed at the beginning of the procedure. We lifted up the laparotomy and the subcutaneous tissue around the umbilicus by retractors. We accomplished the dissection, resection and reconstruction mainly via the mini-laparotomy using a direct view and a laparoscopic image.

RESULTS
Two cases were converted to open. The operative time was significantly longer in D1 + a (225 +/- 49 min) than in D1 (172 +/- 38 min). Blood loss was significantly more in D1 + a (247 +/- 155 mL) than in D1 (109 +/- 60 mL). There was no difference between the two groups in terms of days to first flatus, first oral intake or discharge from the hospital. Postoperative complications included 2 wound infections each in D1 and D1 + a group, and 1 anastomotic stenosis in D1 + a group.

CONCLUSIONS
Gasless laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy with D1 + a via mini-laparotomy using abdominal wall lift seems to be feasible and useful for early gastric cancer.


Hashing index is widely used to support efficient point operations. We observe that there is a conflict between performance and memory utilization goals. Existing hashing indices often have to trade off hash table access latency for better memory utilization. Moreover, many designs support only unique keys, and their performance is often suboptimal with skew workloads. In this paper, we propose Pea Hash with two techniques to address the above two problems: (i) adaptive hashing strategy that holistically optimizes both access latency and memory utilization, and (ii) data-aware adaptive buckets that accommodate unique keys, and keys with various numbers of duplicates. We develop both an NVM-optimized Pea Hash and a DRAM-based Pea Hash index. Experiments on a machine equipped with Intel Optane DC Persistent memory show that compared to state-of-the-art NVM-optimized hashing indices, the NVM-optimized Pea Hash achieves up to 13.8x performance improvements with similar memory utilization. The DRAM-based Pea Hash outperforms existing in-DRAM hashing index designs, showing the generality of the proposed techniques.


Missing data is a common problem which has consistently plagued statisticians and applied analytical researchers. While replacement methods like mean-based or hot deck imputation have been well researched, emerging imputation techniques enabled through improved computational resources have had limited formal assessment. This study formally considers five more recently developed imputation methods – Amelia, Mice, mi, Hmisc and missForest – compares their performances using RMSE against actual values and against the well established mean-based replacement approach. The RMSE measure was consolidated by method using a ranking approach. Our results indicate that the missForest algorithm performed best and the mi algorithm performed worst.


This paper describes a method of reducing the transverse emittance dilution in linear colliders due to transverse wakefields arising-from misaligned accelerator structures. The technique is a generalization of the Wake-Free correction algorithm. The structure alignment errors are measured locally by varying the bunch charge and/or bunch length and measuring the change in the beam trajectory. The misalignments can then be corrected by varying the beam trajectory or moving structures. The results of simulations are presented demonstrating the viability of the technique.


In this review, we introduce the recent developments of optogenetics, novel methods for controlling gene expression, cell morphology and signaling pathways by using the light technology and genetic engineering. The channelrhodopsins, LOV (light oxygen voltage) domain, and these applications are described. The optogenetics is maturing towards elaborate applications in basic research, in the production of biopharmaceuticals and in biomedicine.


The present invention is, facing each other, has a pair of light transmissive surface through which light passes, and at least one side connecting the pair of light-transmissive surface is a crystal composed of crystals. Crystals of this invention is the ratio of the dislocation density A in the light passage plane (pieces / cm 1 ≦ (B / A) ≦ 3600 (1) Meet.


The purpose of the paper is to improve institutions and legislation on public finance management in Ukraine, to define the concept of "financial control", to consider the process of development and formation of financial control, to highlight the financial control`s features, to justify the need for long-term financial control.
Financial control and financial management in the enterprise are very important for every state. The current state of economic improvement in Ukraine should increase the role of the state in regulating the economy in order to identify differences between the law, recognizing the standards and functioning of financial control. At the present stage in Ukraine, the issue of establishing unification of public finance management remains unresolved: there is a discrepancy in state legislation. The Ukrainian economy`s growth leads to an additional need for financial control in a moment. Thus, its role and importance in securing the assets of different types of members' organizations, the equipment`s efficiency, labour and finance.
The paper is devoted to the key issues of finding ways to ensure financial control in the organization and the regulatory framework in this area. The paper presents an overview of financial control by state (local) resource management and their use, as well as financial control of public administration by the state external financial regulator (audit), the Ministry of Finance on behalf of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, and public finance management, including internal management and internal audit, which are provided by current legislation.
In the paper was presented a study of the financial control`s concept. The main types of financial control, its goals and objectives are researched. The author emphasizes the importance of the organization's internal financial control and the key stages of its development. The types of external control and features of their application were also researched. In conclusion the Ukrainian financial management`s current state is researched.


Effects of endogenous opioid peptide blockade by naltrexone on salivary Cortisol levels were examined in healthy men (n= 8) and women (n= 6). Participants received naltrexone (100 mg) during one laboratory session and a placebo pill during another session. Drug order was counterbalanced across participants. Saliva samples were collected 24 hr after each pill was administered. Among women, salivary Cortisol levels significantly increased following naltrexone administration compared with a placebo pill. Naltrexone administration did not alter salivary Cortisol levels in men. Results suggest sex differences in neuroendocrine sensitivity to opioid blockade, a finding that may hold significance with regard to the treatment of alcohol addiction with naltrexone.


The author characterises a condition of municipal economy on the eve of the Great Patriotic War and look at questions of reorganisation of a life of a city on a military harmony.


We demonstrate that x‐ray reflectivity data covering eight decades of intensity can be obtained from a rotating anode source. Our moderate resolution configuration uses a bent graphite monochromator in contrast to the usual high resolution measurement which uses a silicon or germanium monochromator. Illustrative data show that moderate resolution is appropriate for probing a wide variety of surfaces and films. The availability in our configuration of roughly 100 times the incident intensity of a high resolution experiment using a laboratory source allows measurements over a broader angular range which in turn allows us to probe short length scale details of interface structure and tightens the constraints on models of interface structure. Both specular and diffuse scattering signals are accessible. A discussion of reciprocal space resolution explains why there is almost no difference in effective resolutions in the measurement of diffuse scattering.


1 The flight apparatus in butterflies, as well as in other insects, is costly to manufacture. Since most animals live in a world where resources are limited, trade‐offs are expected and available resources must thus be allocated between flight and other functions, such as reproduction. 2 To mitigate this trade‐off, previous studies have shown that butterflies can break down flight muscles in the thorax as they age in order to use muscle nutrients for reproduction. 3 Although breakdown of flight muscles is expected to reduce flight ability, relative flight muscle mass (thorax mass/body mass) in many butterfly species does not decrease with age. The aim of the present study was to test the relationship between flight endurance and adult age in the green‐veined white butterfly Pieris napi (L.). The tests were performed in the laboratory at five different temperatures. 4 The results showed that age has a significant influence on butterfly flight endurance; older butterflies showed reduced flight endurance. Male butterflies fly for a longer time than females and flight endurance increases with temperature in both sexes.


In China,the social security legislation for farmer-workers are mainly about rules and regulations made by the state council,and local NPC and government.Therefore,there exist some problems in the legislation such as the low level,weak enforcement,narrow content,incomplete system,and unsatisfactory execution.On a homological and constitutional basis,China should perfect the social security legislation for farmer-workers by raising the level of legislation,and the state council make out a punitive administrative regulation,and the legislative department should promulgate a law to protect farmer-workers' social security system including a reasonable social insurance,social assistance,and social welfare.The legislation for farmer-workers should be based on social assistance,should depend mainly on social insurance,and should be compensated by social welfare.The execution of the legislation for farmer-workers should also be reinforced.


The chemokines are a superfamily of over 50 small proteins originally characterized by their role in the coordinated movement of leukocytes to sites of inflammation. Many of these molecules were identified through modern genomic strategies and only later recognized as members of the chemokine family, thus leading to an often confusing nomenclature. Recently, an attempt has been made to systematically classify the chemokines based on shared structural features, and a correlation between structure and function of individual chemokines is rapidly emerging. Chemokines attract cells when they bind to specific receptors on immune (and other) cells leading to rapid endothelial adhesion and transmigration of specific cell populations. In addition to their function as chemotactic agents, the chemokines are also recognized as important mediators of lymphocyte activation and differentiation, dendritic cell (DC) maturation, angiogenesis, and interactions between host and certain viruses. The chemokines have also been linked to several human diseases including inflammatory conditions, autoimmune disorders, and cancer. The role of chemokines in neoplasia is unclear at present with some chemokines enhancing growth and metastasis, while others appear to inhibit the development of tumors. This review will describe the current classification system for human chemokines, discuss the many functional activities of these molecules, and consider the role of chemokines in cancer. The potential use of these agents in the immunotherapy of cancer will also be examined.


It is important that subsea pipelines are designed and maintained to withstand earthquakes and tsunamis, especially in earthquake-prone regions such as Japan. Tsunami scouring of the seabed may reduce the amount of soil covering a subsea pipeline, exposing it to harmful wave action. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of a subsea pipeline by calculating the tsunami scouring volume for representative tsunamis via numerical analysis. As a case study, we determined how subsea pipelines in the Kashima-nada sea area, Japan, would be affected. The results obtained indicate that for both a level 2 tsunami and a level 1 tsunami, scouring does not significantly affect the pipeline and no construction is subsequently required to restore the soil cover.


OBJECTIVE:To provide reasonable evidence for the adjustment of anti-infectious ophthalmic essential drug in China.METHODS:The data about the application of anti-infectious ophthalmic essential drugs in a municipal level ophthalmic hospitals and a county level ophthalmic hospital in 2009 was analyzed by statistical charts,such as name,specification,dosage form,unit price,dosage and consumption sum.Some literatures about the application of ophthalmic drugs and the adverse drug reaction of anti-infectious ophthalmic drugs published on domestic periodicals during 1989-2011 were searched from CNKI and analyzed statistically.RESULTS:The study indicated that chloromycetin eye drops recruited in National Essential Drug List(2009 edition),tetracycline eye ointment and gentamicin solution recruited in WHO(17 edition) hadn't been used in clinic.Erythromycin eye ointment,levofloxacin eye drops and acyclovir eye drops had been widely applied.Tobramycin and tobramycin compound preparation ranked the first place in the list of cost and amount.Literatures indicated that there were less ADR reports on erythromycin eye ointment,levofloxacin eye drops,acyclovir eye drops and tobramycin and many ADR reports on chloromycetin and gentamicin.Because of the changes of ophthalmic disease spectrum,tetracycline had been used hardly.CONCLUSION:Erythromycin eye ointment,levofloxacin eye drops and acyclovir eye drops recruited in National Essential Drug List(2009 edition) are in line with the selecting principals.We recommend adding tobramycin in National Essential Drug List according to first choice principle.


Release of lysosomal acid hydrolases from dog cardiac muscle after cell damage may precede final cellular destruction. An in vivo experiment was designed to study the effects of acute myocardial ischemia on the integrity of the lysosomal particles. The left coronary artery was ligated and the animals were sacrificed at 2, 6, 24, and48 hrs. Aliquots were homogenized and separated by ultracentrifugation into supernatant (S-fraction), large granule (L-fraction) and nuclear fraction (N-fraction).Sequential arterial and coronary sinus samples, the total homogenate and its fractions (S, L and N) were assayed for the activities of cathepsin (18.104.22.168), β-glucuronidase (22.214.171.124), acid phosphatase (188.8.131.52) and cytochrome oxidase (184.108.40.206). There was a steady fall in total homogenate activity for these enzymes within 2 hrs, and the activities reached into half of intact right ventricle in the same heart at 48 hrs.Cathepsin, acid phosphatase and cytochrome oxidase activity decreased in all fractions except the S-fraction of cytochrome oxidase. The latter was the only fraction in which the activity increased after ischemia.Serum acid hydrolases, GOT and LDH titers remained elevated and varied reciprocally with their concentration in total homogenate and especially in S-fraction.The study demonstrates myocardial lysosomal and mitochondrial enzyme activity which is complex and selective retention of enzymes.Finally we demonstrated that the same situation in serum enzyme activities of human acute myocardial infarct, and that emphasized an importance of the knowledge of lysosomal concept concerning with ischemia and cell damage from a point of clinical pathology.


Biogas is one alternative solution to overcome the energy crisis occurred in Indonesia. The cattle populations are 13.13 million in 2013. It is very potential to use the cow faeces to produce biogas as an alternative fuel for domestic use and to run internal combustion engines to produce electricity. This work has been done on mixing ratios of the cattle faeces with water to produce optimum biogas using a single type of batch digester with a capacity of 20 litres each. The faeces were used as the form of cattle faeces mixing with water of weight ratios of 1:1; 1:1.4; 1:1.7; 1:2 and 1:2.5 (kg/kg). The gas chromatograph identifies its gas components produced by biogas and the calorimeter tests its calorific value. This study aims to determine the biogas composition which the highest methane contained therein. The results showed mixing cow faeces and water at the ratio of 1:1.7 produces biogas with the highest methane concentration of 61.78% vol and calorific value of 5498.54 kcal/m3.


With the getting underway of the reform and opening-up,there has become a focus of public attention to the library management research in our country.Many library management theories have come to use in practice and achieved remarkable success.But,in a new centiry,facing the coming of information age,libraries should have new library management system,which is suitable for the national conditions of our country and the new age.The essay is suppose to analyse the library management system which is based on the demand for new age,continuous development and special characteristic of China.


FIELD: production of inorganic compounds. SUBSTANCE: urea is produced by ammonia-carbon dioxide interaction in reaction space, reaction mixture containing urea, carbamate, and free ammonia in aqueous solution. In decomposition stage, carbamate in reaction mixture partially decomposes and free ammonia in aqueous solution is partially separated in the form of first stream including vapors of ammonia and carbon dioxide, and second stream is also formed consisting of urea and rest of carbamate in aqueous solution. The first stream is partially condensed to form stream of the first part of carbamate in aqueous solution which is recycled into reactor. Stream of urea and rest of carbamate in aqueous solution is introduced into urea-isolation section wherein urea is separated from the rest of carbamate to form second part of carbamate in aqueous solution which is also treated to partially decompose carbamate. In this step, second stream of ammonia vapors and carbon dioxide with impurities is separated and partially condensed to form third stream of carbamate in aqueous solution that is also recycled into reactor. Decomposition of the second carbamate solution stream is carried out at pressure equal to pressure in reaction space. Urea production plant comprises reactor; first desorber for partially decomposing carbamate in reaction mixture obtained from reactor; means for partially condensing vapors from desorber and recycling the first carbamate solution stream into reactor; urea isolation section wherein second carbamate solution stream is formed. In addition, plant contains second desorber for partially decomposing carbamate in the second stream from urea isolation section. Resulting vapors are directed into additionally installed condenser that is connected with reactor to provide recycling third part of carbamate in aqueous solution into reactor. Upgrade of plant consists in that reaction mixture from reactor is fed into the first desorber for partially decomposing carbamate and partially separating free ammonium in aqueous solution contained in reaction mixture followed by at least partial condensation of vapors removed from the first desorber in condenser and recycling first part of carbamate in aqueous solution into reactor. In this process, stream containing urea and rest of carbamate in aqueous solution from the first desorber is introduced into urea isolation section to separate urea from second part of carbamate in aqueous solution. In addition, second desorber is installed. EFFECT: increased purity and yield of product. 14 cl, 3 dwg, 3 ex


In this work, we formulate a set of rules for writing down p -adic Mellin amplitudes at tree-level. The rules lead to closed-form expressions for Mellin amplitudes for arbitrary scalar bulk diagrams. The prescription is recursive in nature, with two different physical interpretations: one as a recursion on the number of internal lines in the diagram, and the other as reminiscent of on-shell BCFW recursion for flat-space amplitudes, especially when viewed in auxiliary momentum space. The prescriptions are proven in full generality, and their close connection with Feynman rules for real Mellin amplitudes is explained. We also show that the integrands in the Mellin–Barnes representation of both real and p -adic Mellin amplitudes, the so-called pre-amplitudes, can be constructed according to virtually identical rules, and that these pre-amplitudes themselves may be re-expressed as products of particular Mellin amplitudes with complexified conformal dimensions.


Background: Pelvic ring injuries are commonly encountered in high energy trauma, representing one of the most challenging clinical problems in which an urgent multidisciplinary the approach is required. Pelvic fractures are the third most common cause of death in road traffic accidents, following central nervous system and chest injuries. Pelvic injuries are a source of significant morbidity and mortality with rates ranging from 5 to 20%. Aim: To study the functional outcome of percutaneous fixation of unstable pelvic ring disruptions. Materials and Methods: 20 patients admitted in government thoothukudi medical college hospital thoothukudi with pelvic injuries with unstable type B and type C were included in this prospective study. All the patients were treated based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Only Tiles B and C fractures were included in this study. Results: 20 patients with pelvic fractures admitted at Government Thoothukudi medical college hospital, Thoothukudi were included in the study. The mean age was 37.5 yrs. The age group between 31 to 50 dominates the series accounting for 64% of cases. Pelvic fractures caused by road traffic accidents include 17 fractures (85%) and accidental fall 3 fractures (15%). The average time from injury to surgery was 14 days (range 4 to 28 days), our mean operative time was 45 minutes. All the patients were treated with percutaneous fixation with cannulated cancellous screws. All patients were regularly followed up once a month for three months, then at three months interval there after. Standard antero posterior xray, lateral, and axial CT views were taken at discharge, 3months, at the end of one year and at latest review. 5 out of 20 patients had complications associated with surgery. One patient had wound infection and had to undergo implant exit. Two patients had fracture mal reduction in the postop radiograph showing persistent displacement of fracture fragments. However, this did not alter the functional outcome significantly. Two patients had screw malposition on postoperative CT scan with violation of neural foramen. However this did not result in neurological deficits. Functional evaluation was done using Majeed pelvic injury functional outcome score. All operated cases were followed up for maximum period of two years and minimum of one year. The Majeed pelvic injury functional outcome score at the end of one year is excellent in 12 cases (60%),good in 5 cases (25%),fair in 3 cases(15%) and poor in no cases. The average score was 80% among all patients at the latest follow up. Conclusion: Percutaneous screw fixation for pelvic fractures is in our opinion, a reliable and reproducible technique. Functional outcome in our study was good to excellent in 85% of cases as per the majeed pelvic scoring system. The score is found to be significantly higher in those cases without associated lower limb or spine fractures showing the impact on delayed weight bearing in associated fractures.


Frictional force is a primary force on the pavement surface in the horizontal direction and its value may be impacted by many factors such as properties or characteristics of pavement and tires, speeds, acceleration, and deceleration of running vehicles, and damping properties at the interaction surface. This paper presents a numerical approach to quantify impacts of vehicle motion features (acceleration, steadily moving, and deceleration) on pavement fractional force. In order to minimize impacts from the other factors, an idealized discrete element model was used. The idealized model consisted of three parts: a smooth surface simulated the pavement surface, while the truck was modeled with a wheel and a mass. Three contact models were employed to simulate the mechanical behaviors at the interaction surface, namely an elastic contact model, a slip model, and a viscous contact damping model. A vertical force and a torsion moment were applied at its center and the wheel was rotated forward to simulate the wheel-pavement interaction. Through this study, it was found that 1) during the wheel moving, the frictional force was not constant but vibrating around its average value; 2) the average frictional force was close to zero during the wheel steadily moving, while it was non-zero during its acceleration and deceleration; 3) damping coefficient and peak rational velocities gave various effects on simulation results.


The energy market paradigm shift towards the so called "green revolution" assumes that in the next few decades dispersed energy sources will replace centralized generation systems. Despite growing energy related spatial conflicts, already accompanying the development of dispersed generation, it is not clear how to integrate new energy infrastructure into planning procedures. This article presents a new approach at the regional level, by unveiling the technology diffusion theory and its implications for the development planning of renewable energy sources (RES). It suggests how to integrate energy related issues into regional spatial policy, by presenting prospects for agricultural biogas plants (ABPs) in the Lubelskie region, Poland; dwelling on the experiences from a best practice region Lower Saxony, Germany.


Extraction and separation of Phaseolus coccineus L.protein by two-phase aqueous systems was investigated using Plackett Burman design,steepest ascent design and central composite design.Firstly,PB design was applied to identify temperature and pH value as the most significant of 7 factors influencing the extraction.Then the center points of the two factors were determined based on steepest ascent design.Then the optimization of the two factors was carried out by using central composite design.The results showed that the best extract conditions were as follows:the mass fractions of PEG600 15%,the mass fractions of(NH4)2SO4 20%,the mass fractions of NaCl 0.05%,sample volume added 4mL,pH 7,temperature at 35℃ and time by 90 minutes.Under such conditions,the extraction rate was 43.69%.The extraction rate was in good agreement with the predicted one of 42.85%.In conclusion,the optimized process had good reliability.


With China's economic development enters into the stage of"New Normal", the open economy has also entered into a new stage of transformation and development. The new targets for the transformation and development are to upgrade from a big economy to a strong economy, from extensive development to intensive development, from narrow open- up field to wide open- up field, from being integrated to integrating, and from passive discourse to active discourse. The specific paths to achieve these targets lie in the transition from relying on traditional advantage to fostering new edge of competitive advantage, from the"World Factory"to the"World Office", from simply"bring in"to gathering global advanced innovative elements and combining"bring in'and"go out", and from passive participation to active involvement in formulating global economic orders. To create the new situation of comprehensive opening-up, two major strategies shall be implemented, namely,"the One Belt and One Road Strategy", and the construction of"Free Trade Zones".


This paper addresses the role of meaningful sounds in poetic communication. A sound symbolic system (Whissell, 2000) was employed to score Shakespeare's 154 sonnets in terms of the percentage of Harsh (e.g., sh, oo, r, k, p) and Gentle (e.g., l, long e, th, eh, m) sounds in each line. Significant differences in the employment of emotional sounds across lines suggest that the structure of the sonnets is affectively dramatic. Four stages unfold across three quatrains and a couplet. These are the establishment of the problem (lines 1-4; excess of Harsh sounds), its enlargement (lines 5-8; greater dominance of Harsh sounds), multiple emotional reversals (lines 9-12; alternating ascendance of Gentle and Harsh sounds), and a closing coda (lines 13, 14; an echo of the sounds in the first quatrain). In the order of their publication, which has been touted as potentially autobiographical, the sonnets provide a picture of repeated swings between Gentle and Harsh emotional extremes. Individual sonnets critically recognized for their distinctive emotional tone display the appropriate preponderance of Gentle or Harsh sounds.


Oil palm is one of drought sensitive crops. Therefore, drought tolerance and water-use efficient oil palm planting material are needed to produce optimally in a climate-changing condition. One of the methods to see plant responses to drought in the nursery stage is using the Fraction to Transpiration Soil Water (FTSW) method. This method is based on observations of plant transpiration conditions. FTSW method describes the soil and plant moisture condition based on the amount of water transpired by plants. This research arranged with Randomized Block Design (RBD) replicated three times with two factors (three FTSW levels such as 0.1; 0.4; and 0.15) and six oil palm varieties such as DxP Simalungun, DxP PPKS 540, DxP Yangambi, DxP PPKS 239, DxP PPKS 718 and DyxP Dumpy and aimed to determine plant response to drought stress. The result showed that FTSW0 (permanent wilting point) was obtained on day 40. Drought stress treatment (FTSW 0.4 and 0.15) showed significant differences in the parameters of plant height and number of leaves. Among all oil palm varieties, DyxP Dumpy, DxP Simalungun, and DxP PPKS 239 represented a better performance than DxP PPKS 540, DxP Yangambi and DxP Langkat.


The high enantioselective hydrolysis (ka,obsdL⁄ka,obsdD=27) of p-nitrophenyl N-dodecanoyl-D(L)-phenylalaninate with N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-phenylalanyl-L-histidyl-L-leucine in the vesicular system (ditetradecyldimethylammonium bromide) was enhanced dramatically by the addition of micelles (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide) and attained to the enantiomer rate ratio (ka,obsdL⁄ka,obsdD)=71 at room temperature (25 °C).


Mathematical modelling is important for better understanding of disease dynamics and developing strategies to manage rapidly spreading infectious diseases. In this work, we consider a mathematical model of COVID-19 transmission with double-dose vaccination strategy to control the disease. For the analytical analysis purpose, we divided the model into two parts: model with vaccination and without vaccination. Analytical and numerical approach is employed to investigate the results. In the analytical study of the model, we have shown the local and global stability of disease-free equilibrium, existence of the endemic equilibrium and its local stability, positivity of the solution, invariant region of the solution, transcritical bifurcation of equilibrium, and sensitivity analysis of the model is conducted. From these analyses, for the full model (model with vaccination), we found that the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable for

 R

 v

 <
 1

 and is unstable for

 R

 v

 >
 1

 . A locally stable endemic equilibrium exists for

 R

 v

 >
 1

 , which shows the persistence of the disease if the reproduction parameter is greater than unity. The model is fitted to cumulative daily infected cases and vaccinated individuals data of Ethiopia from May 1, 2021 to January

 31
 ,
 2022

 . The unknown parameters are estimated using the least square method with the MATLAB built-in function "lsqcurvefit." The basic reproduction number

 R

 0

 and controlled reproduction number

 R

 v

 are calculated to be

 R

 0

 =
 1.17

 and

 R

 v

 =
 1.15

 , respectively. Finally, we performed different simulations using MATLAB. From the simulation results, we found that it is important to reduce the transmission rate and infectivity factor of asymptomatic cases and increase the vaccination coverage and quarantine rate to control the disease transmission.


Forty-nine patients with Bell's palsy were studied neurophysiologically within 10 days of the onset of symptoms and the results analysed according to the clinical outcome. Electroneuronography was not helpful in predicting outcome at this stage. The presence of a blink reflex was a good prognostic sign and all patients with an intact blink reflex recovered well.


The kinetics of electrochemical reaction of Nd~(3+) reduced on liquid Ga
electrode has been studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in molten chloride at 1073K.
The results show that the reduction of Nd~(3+)? on Ga electrode proceeds in consequent
two steps. For the first step, it is found to be a diffusion controlled reversible re-
action at higher rate of potential scan, i. c., Nd~(3+)+e=Nd~(2+) and an irreversible rea-
ction controlled by following chemical reaction at lower rate, i. c., Nd~(3+)+e?Nd~(2+)
+mCl NdCl'_m~(-m). For the second step, alloying reaction of deposited Nd with Ga can
be observed and the reaction is found to irreversible, Nd~(2+)+2e→Nd(Ga). The stand-
ard rate constant of this reactiin is estimated to be 7.0×10~(-3) cm/s.


During faunistic research of reed beds associated with lakes in the Pannonian region of Czechia we found an Enoplognatha species with spectacular morphology of the male chelicerae. Despite this species being found in an arachnologically well researched area, and that the European species of the genus Enoplognatha have been recently revised (Bosmans & Van Keer 1999), it appears to be a new species.


The existing theories incorporated to state‐of‐the‐art, activated‐sludge‐consensus models indicate that the removal of particulate substrate from the liquid in the activated‐sludge process is a two‐step process: instantaneous enmeshment of particles and hydrolysis followed by oxidation. However, experimental observations indicate that the removal of particles is not instantaneous and needs a more accurate description. This removal process can actually be described as a three‐step process: flocculation, hydrolysis, and oxidation. The principal objective of this research was to observe and model the kinetics of the removal of suspended particles and colloidal particles. A first‐order, particulate‐removal expression, based on flocculation, accurately described the removal rates for supernatant suspended solids and colloidal chemical oxygen demand (COD). The rate of reaction for removal of colloidal COD was slow and comparable to that for soluble organic matter.


Bottom of the Pyramid(BOP) strategy indicates that there is great business potential embodied in the low-income group which account for two thirds of the world population.By exploring and exploiting the low-income market,companies can not only earn enough economic returns,and can alleviate or even eradicate poverty through improving the quality of life or productivity of the poor,creating both economic and social value.The paper first summarizes the key roles and economic and institutional characteristics of low-income market and then analyses in detail the different innovation types and their influential factors from the perspectives of market,value chain,institution,culture and organizational change,trying to transform the traditional views towards to low-income groups and provide reference for business innovation in the in the market.


Zeolite A was synthesized by a hydrothermal process at three temperatures : 50, 70, and 90°C. The nucleation and crystallization curves for these syntheses were obtained. The concentration change in the liquid phase during the synthesis was followed at close intervals and analyzed by ICP-AES. The synthesized amorphous and crystal phases were examined, characterized, and identified by XRD, NMR, and SEM. The kinetics of nucleation, and crystallization were correlated to the initial concentrations and temperature. The correlations of nucleation and crystallization rates were in good agreement with observations. The activation energies of the nucleation and crystallization, obtained from experiments, are 15.0 and 10.9 kcal/mol, respectively. Moreover, the possible reaction path and mechanism were proposed and discussed


During business consolidation, multiple organizations need to share data for common interests. However, these organizations may apply different or even conflicting policies, on account of different rules and rule combining algorithms chosen by them. Thus, it is necessary to combine policies from multiple organizations into a global one to manage the access to the shared data. Existing policy combining approaches are unable to automatically combine policies into a global one. In this paper, we propose an approach to address the issue of multiple policies combination. Its key idea is to first decompose the rules in each policy into various classes, and then combine the rules of the corresponding classes to a global compact policy. The latter ensures compliance with each of the original policies at the syntax and semantic levels. To validate our approach, we provide a proof-of-concept implementation of the automated policy combination.


The economic aid mechanism to criminal crime victims has become the world's trend of criminal proceedings development,but our law does not provide.Construction of the victim aid mechanism should be guided by five basic principles.


Heary James(l843-l9l6) conceives freedom of consciousness as a way of overcoming the possessive values that dominate a capitalist society. However, when he tries to show this theme in his novels, contrary to his intentions, the main characters with such freedom of consciousness are found to have the egoistical and possessive values that they had rejected. Furthermore, his novels are considered to have contributed to the preservation of the status quo.
This paper aims to discover the reasons behind the discrepancies between his intention and his novels. The approach taken in this paper is the one that attempts to view James's works in the cultural and historical context to which they belong. And the relation between James's works and the context of the society is examined in the linguistic forms. And this paper comes to the conclusion that the discrepancies found in James's novels are due to the discrepancies in the utopian view of history in American society, especially Emerson's optimistic view of history, i.e. Transcendentalism. Thus it is essential to show some connection between James's works and the historical and cultural context.
In order to show the connection between James's works and the context to which they belong, this paper takes the following procedures. First, it tries to clarify the meaniug of Emerson's Transcendentalism in relation with historical view of Americans in general. Second, some similarities between Emerson's ideas and James's novels are examined, especially Emerson's concept of the 'transparent eyeball' and the theme of renunciation in James's novels. Finally, The Wings of the Dove, which has been considered as one of James's thesis novels, is examined in the light of the above argument.


Uranium antimonide (NaCl crystal structure) is a type I antiferromagnet (T/sub n/ = 241.2 +- 0.1/sup 0/K) with moments in ferromagnetic (001) layers stacked antiferromagnetically +- +-. The spin direction is (001). The critical neutron scattering has been measured from a single crystal as a function of temperature and reduced wave vector q. Below T/sub N/ the power law M/M/sub o/ = D(1-T/T/sub N/)/sup ..beta../ holds for 10/sup -3/ less than or equal to 1-T/T/sub N/ less than or equal to 10/sup -1/ with D = 1.35 +- 0.05 and ..beta.. = 0.32 +- 0.02, in agreement with theory for a three dimensional system. A detailed study of the scattering shows two unusual features. First, the transverse susceptibility (measured around the (001) point) is vanishingly small. Second, considerable anisotropy was detected in the longitudinal spin correlations, depending on whether directions parallel or perpendicular to the spin ordering direction, k/sub 11//sup c/ and k/sub 11//sup a/, respectively, are considered. Both correlation lengths vary as (T/T/sub N/-1)/sup ..nu../ where ..nu.. approximately 0.32 +- 0.01. For all T, k/sub 11//sup c/ approximately 6k/sub 11//sup a/ suggesting the presence of anisotropic exchange. This arises from quadrupole--quadrupole interactions within the GAMMA/sub 8/ ground state ofmore » this 5f/sup 3/ electron system.« less


The invention corresponding to each of the sub-bands by the mobile terminal to the mobile terminal grouping the control channel index is assigned a control channel index from a base station, based on the number of the mobile terminal of available sub-bands in a mobile communication system. generating a plurality of first group, and the mobile terminal in the first slot of the first control channel in the subband are mapped to each of the plurality of first groups and the code resource corresponding to the first control channel When used to transmit control information per symbol, and the mobile terminal of the first slot is completed the next slot of generating a plurality of second group by re-grouping the control channel index, and the mobile terminal of the first slot in the second slot the second control channel in the subband are mapped to each of the plurality of the second group in the second and Use of code resources corresponding to the control channel and transmits control information per symbol. UL, control channel index grouping


Copper (Cu) nanoparticles have been electrochemically deposited onto the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface by potentiostatic deposition method and then carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was dropped on the nano-Cu modified electrode surface to get a CNTs/nano-Cu/GCE electrode. The CNTs/nano-Cu/GCE has shown much higher electrocatalytic activity than the CNTs/GCE towards the oxidation of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) in a phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.9). It can be applied to determine DA and UA with satisfactory results.


This article deals with the subject matter of "regionalism", considered as regional economic blocks of countries and its effects on customs and its functions on taxation and tariffs and also as facilitators of international trade. The approach is both theoretical and practical. In the theoretical side, the author offers some insights about international politics as an academic field of studies and the characteristics of the international system in contemporary world. Regionalism is considered as a main issue in the international system and the free trade agreements (FTA) as important policy instruments. In the applied side, the paper mentions the FTA recently signed by Chile some of them in force–, and the role of Customs in matters such as, access of goods to markets, rules of origin, advance rulings and intellectual property rights. All these elements have to be integrated in a broad and medium range policy of inclusion of the country as an active actor in the process of globalization.


A method comprising applying a cosmetic composition comprising a fractal particle based gel, to reduce immediately the appearance that there is disadvantage of wrinkles and skin, at the same time to smooth the skin. A comprises a fractal gel comprising a first fractal particles and the second fractal particles of opposite surface charge at a given pH, provides a cosmetic composition for application to the biological substrate. .BACKGROUND


The invention relates to a method and a system of determining a radial distance (R), an angular position (phi), and an axial position (Z) of a marker identified in a sequence of projection images. Embodiments of the invention allow a marker three-dimensional localization module executable by the electronic processing unit to obtain a sequence of images based on image data generated by a scanner. Each image in the sequence of images represents an angle of rotation by the scanner and includes a marker point position. The behavior of first values and second values of the marker point positions are analyzed through the sequence of images to determine the radial distance of the marker, the angular position of the marker, and the axial position of the marker. Thus, embodiments of the invention allow for rapidly detecting and localizing external markers placed on a patient in projection images.


This manuscript proposes a wye-delta winding configuration for brushless operation of a wound field synchronous machine (BL-WFSM). In existing third harmonically excited BL-WFSM topologies, the additional third harmonic component of the stator magnetomotive force (MMF) was produced by an extra thyristor drive circuit or by utilizing an additional inverter. In the proposed single inverter topology, the stator winding is divided into two coil sets: the wye coil and delta coil. Triplen harmonic currents are produced owing to the delta coils set and start to circulate in the delta coils. This triplen harmonic circulating currents produce a triplen harmonic pulsating MMF in the airgap. The additional triplen harmonic pulsating MMF induces voltage in the rotor harmonic winding. This induced voltage in the harmonic winding is used to excite the rotor field. A 2D finite element analysis is performed, and the simulation results confirmed the operation principle of the proposed brushless topology.


The introduction of Robinia pseudoacacia (RP) has some effects on undergrowth herbaceous plants (UH), soil properties and their relationships, which may be related to the vegetation zone. However, few studies have tested effects of RP on UH and soil over a large-scale area of the Loess Plateau.

 The study area consisted of three vegetation zones (the steppe, forest-steppe and forest zone). Two canopy plant types were selected: RP stands and adjacent native vegetation. We measured five leaf functional traits: leaf carbon content (LC), leaf nitrogen content (LN), leaf phosphorus content (LP), specific leaf area (SLA) and leaf tissue density (LTD). The functional diversity, species diversity and community-weighted mean (CWM) traits were calculated.

 (i) CWM.LN, CWM.LP and CWM.SLA increased significantly, whereas CWM.LC and CWM.LTD decreased significantly in the three vegetation zones, compared with the native communities. (ii) Species diversity, functional diversity and community biomass decreased in the steppe zone, increased in the forest zone, and did not differ significantly in the forest-steppe zone. (iii) We found only soil organic carbon (P < 0.05) and soil total nitrogen (P < 0.05) in the forest zone decreased significantly compared with the native plots. (iv) The relationship between UH and soil properties was affected by RP and the vegetation zone. Overall, the effect of RP on UH and soil properties was associated with the vegetation zone. This result is of great significance to the planning of restoration and reconstruction of artificial forests in the Loess Plateau.


Abstract This article reports on the initial development and evaluation of a group skill-training program for couples. The program, entitled the Communication Skills Workshop (CSW), aims at improving communication and problem-solving skills within the context of relationships. The orientation of the CSW is preventive and educational in that it (a) serves couples prior to the onset of serious relationship discord, and (b) focuses on the learning of general communication skills and problem-solving strategies rather than the amelioration of specific relationship conflicts.


The approach to the hypertensive patient is still a subject of debate. The use of new measurement methods permits us to obtain more exact blood pressure values which represent an index of cardiovascular condition. We also demonstrated that non-invasive monitoring and self-measurement at home consent better management of hypertension.


The modernization of logistics and logistics systems occupy a specialrole in the improvement of the transport system, as well as the entire rangeof services for fast and high-quality delivery of goods. Important strategyfor international logistics management in global markets is the clarity andhigh speed processing transactions. The relevance of logistics becomes akey point in developed societies.Transport logistics occupies a strategic role in the industrial developmentof the Republic of Kazakhstan. Carrying out the movement of goodsand passengers, transport accounts for some work and ensures optimumdistribution of productive forces and the rationalization of economicties. This article shows the current state of the logistics market in theRepublic of Kazakhstan. Transport logistics is one of the conditions for thesuccessful implementation of the forced industrialization of the country.


This study examined levels of wellness among 403 undergraduate students on academic probation. Total wellness, 5 secondary categories of wellness, and 17 third-level categories of wellness are reported within this article. In addition, this study offers norm-group comparisons and demographic influences of wellness in regard to undergraduate students on academic probation. The results indicate that individuals on academic probation achieved higher levels of wellness in several areas of wellness than did the norm-group population. Keywords: wellness, academic issues, college counseling ********** Over the past 2 decades, health officials have encouraged healthy behaviors among U.S. citizens (Gieck & Olsen, 2007), a priority shared by college campuses nationwide (LaFountaine, Neisen, & Parsons, 2006). Although numerous authors have stressed the need for campus wellness programs, few studies exist that examine student wellness (Myers & Mobley, 2004). In addition, studies that have examined wellness among college students either have limited their scope of investigation to specific academic difficulties that students face (Isaak, Graves, & Mayers, 2006) or have simply compared wellness differences among traditional and nontraditional students (Myers & Mobley, 2004). Furthermore, and most relevant to the current study, no literature pertaining to the wellness of college students in academic jeopardy currently exists. Considering that students in academic peril make up a large percentage of the college student body, this lack of research is surprising. A study by Tovar and Simon (2006) found that up to 35% of first-time freshmen were on academic probation after their first semester at a large, urban, public community college. Furthermore, the proportion of freshmen in academic jeopardy after their first semester may be on the rise. Specifically, Kamphoff, Hutson, Amundsen, and Atwood (2007) pointed out that "the door to college is open for increasing numbers of students for whom adapting to college may be a great challenge" (p. 397). Thus, to prevent and remediate academic difficulties, college counselors should discuss the adaptation factors of wellness and their effect on academic success with students. Also needed are studies that examine the relationship between wellness and poor academic performance. Although these specific needs (e.g., the need for research in relation to the adjustment factors of wellness seen with first-time college students and the factors' relationship with academic success) demonstrate gaps in the counseling literature, previous studies have identified numerous factors that lead to an increased likelihood that students will either end up on academic probation or prematurely terminate enrollment in college (Isaak et ah, 2006; Smith & Winterbottom, 1970). Along these lines, Smith and Winterbottom (1970) found that less intrinsic motivation, poor academic preparation and adjustment, difficulties adjusting to college life, and unrealistic expectations are all common factors among students on academic probation. Furthermore, students on academic probation were shown to have lower social skills (Coleman & Freedman, 1996), weaker social networks (Maxwell, 1979), less definite goals (Olson, 1990), and more financial difficulties (Dunwoody & Frank, 1995) and to be less trusting, less ethical, and more anxious (Call, Hendricks, & Jones, 1990) than students in good standing. Thus, identifying wellness factors related to previously identified issues contributing to academic difficulties may provide a more complete understanding of the underlying determinants affecting college students who are struggling academically. Although identifying personality characteristics and common difficulties among students on probation is an excellent starting point, a more holistic view of personal factors must be understood before effective interventions can be developed. …


In the south west of France the majority of research concerning the Middle-to-Upper Palaeolithic transition tends to focus upon the Chatelperronian and Aurignacian at the expense of the end of the Middle Palaeolithic. This contribution attempts to rectify this shortcoming by demonstrating that the classic model of a direct MTA-Chatelperronian filiation is no longer valid as these two techno-complexes are in fact separated by two final Mousterian phases: a Discoid-Denticulate Mousterian followed by a Levallois Mousterian with large scrapers.


The article is devoted to the analysis of functioning of the union comparative construction, which includes the image of a child as an object of comparison. The construction in question is analyzed in several varieties: comparative turnover and subordinate clause of the comparative type. The novelty of the approach to the analysis of the functioning of the structure lies in the consideration of semantic and pragmatic role of each of the three elements of comparison, their interaction in the expression of the actual meaning. As a result of the study, the composition of the subjects of comparison has been established, in relation to which the image of the child acts as an object of comparison (adult, communities, animals, natural phenomena, objects, abstractions), the dominant role among them is that of an adult. The model of the construction, which includes multicomponent situations as a subject and object of comparison, is revealed, its semantic and functional specificity is shown. The ways of expressing comparison in the composition of the comparison object are compared (The name of the comparison base depends on the name of the comparison object: you're like an unreasonable child) and as part of the subject of comparison (The name of the basis of comparison depends on the name of the subject for comparison: you are unreasonable, like a child). (The name of the basis of comparison depends on the name of the subject of comparison: you are unreasonable, like a child). It is shown that in the absence of an explicit basis of comparison (you are like a child) it is induced by the context or modeled based on the recipient's knowledge of the child in all its aspects and connections. The role of the object of comparison is revealed, which consists in clarifying, visualizing the actual feature. The universal possibilities of the comparative construction in the actualization of any component of the structure of the child's image are shown. The conclusion is substantiated that the wide possibilities of this image as an object of comparison are due to the rich content of the concept and the ability of consciousness to creatively transform knowledge about the child, taking into account the nature of the subject of comparison.


During the process of detecting and rescue, the environment is complex for a climbing robot to negotiate. At this time, the Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (SUAV) is utilized to complete the rest task. However, some place is so sorrow that the SUAV cannot go through because of its weak anti-interference ability. In order to address this issue, we hope to combine the climbing robot and the SUAV. Here, we utilize the climbing robot to carry the SUAV, which make the whole climbing platform more practical and useful. In this paper, we design a landing platform on the climbing robot for a SUAV, which can load more than 3kg while sucking on the wall. And the SUAV can utilize this platform to take-off and land. We focus on landing platform structure design, centrifugal vacuum principle, characteristics of SUAV landing and auxiliary landing system. And the effectiveness of the proposed design is confirmed through experiments.