To assist Java programming educations, we have developed a Web-based Java Programming Learning Assistant System (JPLAS) along with the code writing problem which allows students to study writing source codes for assignments. As the object-oriented programming language, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism are the three fundamental concepts that all the students are expected to master. In this paper, we propose the informative test code approach to the code writing problem, which helps students study them by describing the necessary information for the code. For evaluations, we generated informative test codes for 10 assignments, and then asked 10 students to write the source codes, where they completed the high-quality ones using the concepts.


Introduction: Although thymoma is the most common anterior mediastinal tumor, only 5% of thymoma cases develop pure red cell aplasia (PRCA). Case Presentation: In this article we have reported a 59-year-old man with a large anterior mediastinal mass (diameter of 10 cm) and severe anemia, that thymoma and pure red cell aplasia have been demonstrated by histopathologic and hematological examination. Despite the large mass, a complete video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) thymectomy and combinational medical therapy were performed for him successfully. Aplasia remission occurred 6 months after thymectomy and his hemoglobin level reached to 13 g/dL. Conclusions: We believe that a complete resection in combination with medical therapy is necessary to achieve total remission of PRCA symptoms and conclude that VATS thymectomy is an effective and technically feasible procedure for surgery without any contraindications about the size of the thymoma in these patients.


for SAATB unaccompaniedThis is amongst the best-known works of the Tudor period, and holds an important place in the choral repertoire as a liturigcal item for use in Holy Week and as a concert work. Includes an English singing translation.


The minimum sample size required to answer a specific research question is unavoidable regardlessof study designs, more pertinent in case of randomized controlled trials. Sample size exploration isnot required in many situations, including a pilot study; it is simply decided as feasible or a rule ofthumb. However, in situations, including a conclusive study like the third and final phase of drugdevelopment, it becomes mandatory to ensure optimal power as well as level of confidence to thestudy. The present write-up aims to address various issues related to sample size considerations forclinical studies in a non-statistical language, focusing on making it easily understandable by medicalresearchers.


Following the death of 'Baby P', the UK Government set up a Social Work Task Force that reported in 2009. This made 15 recommendations, including five relating to the initial training of social workers at Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). This article considers the gap that exists between those HEIs and Local Authority employers from the perspective of someone who has spent 25 years working as a Local Authority social worker and manager, but who has recently moved to head up a social work department in an English university. Consideration is given to the provision of placements and that it is difficult to 'fail' social work students, particularly their practice learning components. Reference to experiential learning is discussed as being helpful to provide a theoretical connection to practice. The call is made for much closer partnership working between HEIs and Local Authority employers to start to bridge the gap.


With the evolution of mobile communication networks, three-dimensional graphics applications and services are fast developing fields in mobile graphics and wireless networks. While the data size of 3D meshes is increasing, the available bandwidth of wireless networks and the weak resources of mobile devices have become relatively limited. The transmission of graphics multimedia over wireless networks is a bottleneck problem. In this paper, a novel mobile 3D graphics compression approach for progressive transmission over wireless networks is presented. By improving the progressive coding framework using reverse Butterfly Scheme, a new progressive mesh coding algorithm based on the reverse Modified Loop scheme is proposed. The dense triangle mesh is decomposed into the progressive mesh which consists of a base mesh and a series of displacement values. Then the progressive mesh is compressed by the embedded zerotree mesh coding. The proposed approach allows the data of 3D mesh to be transmitted over wireless network using TCP and UDP protocols respectively. It speeds up 3D graphics browsing on mobile devices as well as optimizes the data size of 3D mesh for progressive transmission.


This qualitative case study explored the manner by which team captains and intramural players were educated about the Sportsmanship Rating System (SRS) used by their intramural sports program and their perceptions about the SRS. While some form of an SRS is widely used by NIRSA members (Stier et al., 2008), virtually no research has been conducted as to its effectiveness. The site was a medium sized, public, four year institution in the mid-Atlantic region. A total of 31 participants took part in the study. Data collection took place over a six-week time period and included a) observation, b) document analysis, c) interviews, and d) focus groups. The findings revealed that an SRS is mostly ineffective in positively modifying sportsmanship behavior unless the intramural participants are properly educated about the SRS and understand its scoring criteria.


Anthony David looks at the positive impact apprentices can have on schools and shares his experience with taking on an IT support apprentice within his school.


The present study has applied a time-invariant fuzzy time series model for maize Production in India. Most of the time series data is forecasted using AR and ARIMA models but the present study considered the Chen fuzzy time series model to understand fuzzy time series and endeavour to forecast. Generally, fuzzy models are based on uncertainty, non-probabilistic and linguistic variables. The maize production of India during 1951-2020 data was divided into seven subsets. The subsets are equal intervals. Chen's model has used arithmetic operations for fuzzy logic relations and forecasting. The accuracy of the model was measured by Root Mean Square Error (1949.93) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (25.86). The Chen model will give impetus to the higher-order fuzzy time series model.


Several theoretical models of change exist concerning attachment, but an integrated view and knowledge of the role separate factors of change play for the individual is lacking. This phenomenon is hereby studied by semi-structured interviews of 20 persons. Change and factors of change are examined statistically with affectregulation as measure of attachment. The results show that these individuals´ changes are small and mostly towards secure attachment. Metacognition is related to greater change towards secure attachment. How factors of change, fluctuations, vulnerability and processes of stability are manifested in the individuals is described in depth. In conclusion the study shows the possibility to reach an integrated, comprehensive view of change and that personal meaning is of vital importance in this process.


Introduction Southern Rhodesia was occupied by the British South African Company (BSAC) on behalf of the British government in 1890. Thereafter, the political and socio-economic relations that developed between the white settlers and the African people in the new colony were characterised by tension. In addition to enacting legislation calculated to force the African to accept settler authority, they also used indirect methods to constantly remind the people that they were now a subjugated people. One such indirect method employed by the settlers was 'language and cultural imperialism' through the naming process as reflected in the typo and anthroponyms used by the antagonistic groups in the colony. Names bestowed on places, rivers and infrastructure such as buildings, schools, hospitals and roads by the settlers were meant to convey specific political messages, hence, an expression of their political victory and "an important part of the act of claiming and confirming possession over space" (Jarman, 1996, cited in Makondo, 2009:30). About the same time, where it permitted, the different groups of indigenous people also talked back through names of mines and farms including those of children, to express their resentment towards the establishment of colonial rule, an event that was characterised by extensive plundering of local resources and exploitation of the African people. This paper seeks to demonstrate that the settlers and the indigenous people both used the naming process as an informal political dialogue to express their antagonistic relationship that characterised the interaction. Thus, we will demonstrate that initially, the bestowing of names was a political monologue by the settlers, but later, it became a dialogue as the Africans became conscious of the significance of names in expressing resentment to white rule. The Functions of Names The basic function of names has been that of providing a useful label to things so that they can be differentiated. However, it is now widely accepted that there is more to the naming process than that basic function as these have social and psychological functions (Finnegan, 1970; Hudson, 1980; and Turner, 1992). The social function is reflected in the varied reasons for choice of names which include sentimental, literary, religious and cultural reasons. In the cultural realm, names are significant in providing cultural identities, preserving a people's history and transmitting from generation to generation that which makes them distinct, thus making them an extension of the structure of society. For example, as noted by Neething (1995), name giving among the African cultures reflect the socio-cultural circumstances of the group. In this way, names are part of their oral literature, and in colonial times, were an expression of the political interaction between the colonisers and the colonised. The psychological functions of names include providing assurance to an individual, expressing the self-image of the bearer, expressing tension, discontent and censure, and working out stress situations by minimising discontent and providing indirectly, a means of redress (Finnegan, 1970 and Turner, 1992). Hence, all of these reasons will also be found to be central to the naming process in colonial Rhodesia via a political process. Pattern of Naming by the Settlers Initially, during the process of the occupation of Southern Rhodesia, the settlers used names to convey the message about their intention to occupy the country, and that they were not coming in peace. Hence the settlements established by the Pioneer Column on its way into the interior were a prefixed fort, a term with a military connotation. Such places included Fort Tuli, Fort Victoria, Fort Charter and Fort Salisbury. After hoisting the Union Jack at the kopje in Salisbury on 12 September 1890, the settlers wasted no time in moving out in all directions in search of the 'Second Rand'. …


Dr. Eriator claims that a statistical test of significance requires that groups are comparable in their baseline characteristics. This is the case if one is looking to make causal attributions of effect to a particular independent variable. In our case we sought to determine whether or not it was likely that the chronic pain patients were drawn from …


Ball screws were first utilized as part of automotive steering systems by G.M. in the U.S. in the late 1930's. Twenty years later, the first ball screw was manufactured in Japan by NSK Ltd., and in 1961, NSK delivered its first precision ball screws for machine tools. Since then, as machine tools have become numerically controlled, ball screws have made great progress both in quality and production quantity. Applications for ball screws have been increasing due to their superiority over other linear motiontransmitting elements in terms of the balance between cost and performance, and their being widely recognized as easy to use and control. In the mechatronics field for semiconductors, LCDs and robots in particular, demand for ball screws has grown to nearly equal that for ball screws used in machine tools. Additionally, demand for ball screws for special environment applications such as in aircraft, outer space and nuclear reactors is rising sharply. Considering this rising demand and broadening range of applications together with users' needs to continually improve their specific applications, the need for improved ball screw performance has no limit. In this article, recently developed technologies for increasing the operational speed of ball screws and satisfying the diversifying needs of today's market are explained, and related new products are presented.


In an unusually interesting and stimiulating paper which appeared in 1929, Fraser1 questioned the long-held assumption that Pott's disease is a blood-borne infection. He pointed out, as several earlier observers have done, that tuberculosis seems particularly prone to affect the lower dorsal and upper lumbar vertebrae and expressed a doubt as to whether or not the extent of cancellous tissue in the -ertebrae in this area and the degree of weight-bearing and of nmovement demiianded by this portion of the spine can, as has long been held, adequately explain the predilection of infection, particularlxof a blood-borne infection, for this area of the vertebral columnIl. He drew attention to the fact that experimentalists have had peculiar difficulty in reproducing osteomvelitis in any part of the body byinjecting tubercle bacilli into the blood streamii, and presented some evidence of an experimental, an anatomical and clinical nature x-l ichl suggests that tuberculous pre-vertebral Iymnphatic tissue mlaybe a means (I ) Of direct infection of vertebrae in the dorsi)-lumbar region and 2) Of changes in the cancellous tissues of vertebral bodies in the samiie area whIich predispose these particular vertebrae to the development of tuberculous lesions. Fraser imiade it perfectly clear, finally, that hi.s statements and observations were not to be construed as a clenial of the theory that Pott's disease is a bloocd-borne infection.


The traditional approach for training speaker codebooks only uses one session training speech samples, but the recognition system based on this approach is usually not robust. To adapt to the intraspeaker variations, the paper here introduces an approach for training speaker codebooks using multiple session training speech samples,with every speaker having multiple codebooks. These codebooks are trained based on the minimum recognition error rate.To compensate for the variations arising from transmission conditions, an approach to compensation of the variation presented. To speed up recognition speed, an on line feature extraction method for voiced sounds and two level vector quantization and codebook index strategy are used. These techniques increase the robustness of the speech feature and speed up the training and identification procedure greatly. Finally, the identification results of comparison using the perceptually based linear predictive(PLP) analysis and the LPC cepstrum analysis are given.


PURPOSES : The control delay in seconds per vehicle is the most important traffic operational index to evaluate the level of service of signalized intersections. Thus, it is very critical to calculate accurate control delay because it is used as a basic quantitative evidence for decision makings regarding to investments on traffic facilities. The control delay consists of time-in-queue delay, acceleration delay, and deceleration delay so that it is technically difficult to directly measure it from fields. Thus, diverse analysis tools, including CORSIM, SYNCHRO, T7F, VISTRO, etc. have been utilized so far. However, each analysis tool may use a unique methodology in calculating control delays. Therefore, the estimated values of control delays may be different by the selection of an analysis tool, which has provided difficulties to traffic engineers in making solid judgments. METHODS:This study was initiated to verify the feasibility of diverse analysis tools, including HCM methodology, CORSIM, SYNCHRO, T7F, VISTRO, in calculating control delays by comparing estimated control delays with that measured from a field. RESULTS : As a result, the selected tools produced quite different values of control delay. In addition, the control delay value estimated using a calibrated CORSIM model was closest to that measured from the field. CONCLUSIONS: First, through the in-depth experiment, it was explicitly verified that the estimated values of control delay may depend on the selection of an analysis tool. Second, among the diverse tools, the value of control delay estimated using the calibrated microscopic traffic simulation model was most close to that measured from the field. Conclusively, analysts should take into account the variability of control delay values according to the selection of a tool in the case of signalized intersection analysis.


Mobile devices pose a challenge for most faculty members in higher education as they view the device as disruptive and in competition with the work to be completed in the classroom. The goal of this chapter is to examine the implementation of HTC tablet devices and the changing roles of the faculty instructor and learners when using this device in an undergraduate business management course in a business college and a graduate course in early childhood in a college of education in a large Midwestern university. The chapter describes the classroom setting, instructor and student perspectives of the implementation, and the use of the tablet both in class and out of class as well as the barriers associated with tablet use when embedded in a higher education course. Eugene Geist Ohio University, USA DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-2985-1.ch014


The Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) is one of seven instruments aboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) spacecraft with the objectives to determine the global topography of the lunar surface at high resolution, measure landing site slopes and search for polar ices in shadowed regions. The LOLA laser transmitter is a passively Q-switched crossed-Porro resonator. All components used in the laser have space flight heritage. The flight laser bench houses two oscillators (a primary and a cold spare) that are designed to operate sequentially during the mission. If the primary laser can no longer provide adequate scientific data products, the secondary laser will be turned on. The baseline mission calls for LOLA (and LRO) to spend about one year studying the Moon. Since LOLA operates at 28 Hz, the laser system needs to produce approximately one billion pulses during the primary one year mission. To validate that the LOLA laser design is capable of meeting this requirement, the LOLA Engineering Model (EM) laser has been subjected to extended operation testing in vacuum. In this paper we will summarize the longevity validation test effort of the LOLA EM laser.


An overview of the FUTON project is presented, with emphasis on the optical link design for radio-over-fiber communication and virtual-MIMO functionalities between multiple remote antenna units and a centralized processing site.


The article contains a comparative analysis of two types of burners used in different methods of fuel-air mixture preparation: (1) vortex mixing and (2) mixing with transverse jets. The analysis was carried out in order to determine which one of the two burning devices is more efficient and has better environmental performance. In device no. 1, conditions for the fuel-air mixture formation are created by vortex turbulence. The basic principle lying at the core of this design is a vortex flow inside, which provokes a more intense mixing of fuel and air. Moreover, preliminary physical and thermal treatment of the fuel-air mixture has a positive effect on its environmental performance. In contrast, in device no. 2 based on transverse jets' active mixture formation is achieved through collision of air and fuel flows at an angle close to 90°. The research was based on an experiment carried out with the use of a laboratory firing stand. Flue gas samples were analyzed in order to compare the main harmful air emission indicators with TESTO 350-XL gas analyzer. A propane-butane mixture of 60% C3H8 (propane) and 40% C4H10 (butane) was used as the main fuel. Some indicators were determined after the experiment: measurement units conversion from "ppm" to "mg/m3," excess air ratio α and equivalence ratio φ, flue gas concentrations recalculation taking oxygen into account, fuel calorific value, and heat release rate. The analysis results are as follows: (i) the swirl burner shows better performance in terms of nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions; there is a 1.75-fold difference in total NOx emissions compared to the cross jet burner; (ii) the burner on transverse jets is 10 times more efficient than the swirl burner in terms of carbon monoxide (CO) emissions.


The reassignment method is a technique for sharpening a time-frequency representation by mapping the data to time-frequency coordinates that are nearer to the true region of support of the analyzed signal. The reassignment method has been proved to produce a better localization of the signal components and improve the readability of the time-frequency representation by concentrating its energy at a center of gravity. But there are still few cross-terms. Then, the empirical mode decomposition is introduced to the reassignment method to suppress the interference of the cross-term encountered in processing the multi-component signals. The multi-component signal can be decomposed into a finite number intrinsic mode function by using EMD. Then, the reassignment method can be calculated for each of the intrinsic mode function. Simulation analysis is presented to show that this method can improve the localization of time-frequency representation and reduce the cross terms. The vibration signals measured from diesel engine in the stage of deflagrate were analyzed with the reassignment method. Experimental results indicate that this method has good potential in mechanical fault feature extraction.


The fundamental mechanics of the helicopter involving a number of rotating components make the machine subject to vibration. The prime source of excitation is the main rotor and at the design stage of a new helicopter detailed consideration should be given to the level of forcing produced at the hub. Up to the present time, designers using sophisticated mathematical models have not been completely successful in predicting, for a complicated airframe, the vibratory response to this forcing.


Introduction: Elastase activity may contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontal disease, but its activity is modulated by inhibitors. Our aim was to investigate which clinical and biochemical factors influence elastase activity in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and whole mouth saliva (WMS). Study design: Saliva and GCF were collected from 19 patients with severe periodontitis. Clinical parameters were recorded at sampled sites. Active elastase and cathepsin B were measured using peptide substrates. Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) and α1-proteinase inhibitor (α1PI) were measured with immunosorbant assays. Stepwise regression models were developed to explain how clinical and biochemical variables influenced elastase activity in GCF and saliva. Results: GCF elastase activity was significantly related to the probing depth of sampled sites, profuse bleeding and individual variation (r 2 = 0.55, p < 0.007). When GCF cathepsin B, SLPI and α1PI were added to the model, individual variations and probing depths were no longer significant and there was an inverse relationship between elastase activity and the inhibitors (r2 = 0.79, p < 0.0002). Salivary elastase activity was explained in the clinical model by patient age, supragingival plaque and profuse bleeding (r2 = 0.57, p < 0.02). However, it related more strongly to levels of GCF elastase and salivary protease inhibitors (r 2 = 0.91, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Salivary elastase activity was strongly related to GCF elastase and probably derived from GCF. Elastase activity in GCF and saliva related better to the levels of other proteases and inhibitors in those fluids than to the clinical variables. SLPI may be an important inhibitor of elastase activity in the periodontium.


An optofluidic design has been used to completely separate and collect fractions of an injected mixture of colloidal particles. A three-dimensional glass microfluidic device was constructed such that the fluid was directed though a 50-μm-diameter channel. A laser was introduced opposite the flow and its spot size adjusted to completely fill the channel. Thus, for a given laser power and flow rate, certain particles are completely retained while others pass through unhindered. Separation efficiencies in excess of 99% have been attained for a mixture of polymer and silica beads.


Part 1 General principles of management: the legal framework and the management implications for schools. Part 2 Financial planning and budgeting: creating the annual budget dealing with banks insurance. Part 3 Human resource management: heads and deputies - working with governors staffing appointing staff managing staff development. Part 4 Curriculum management: managing the curriculum. Part 5 Marketing and sponsorship: marketing and PR for schools sponsorship for schools. Part 6 Managing property and premises: school maintenance budget energy management security. Part 7 Managing resources - from resource allocation to contracts. Part 8 Information technology: information technology in school management new technology for the school manager. Part 9 Europe: allez l'Europe. Part 10 Directory of services/useful addressess.


A variety of methods exist to estimate the elastic thickness (Te) of the lithosphere. In this contribution, we attempt to provide an indication of how well the fan wavelet coherence method recovers Te, through synthetic modeling. The procedure involves simulating initial topographic and subsurface loads and emplacing them on a thin elastic plate of known Te, generating the postloading topography and gravity. We then attempt to recover that Te distribution from the gravity and topography through the wavelet method, hence discovering where its strengths and weaknesses lie. The Te distributions we use here have elliptical and fractal geometries, while the initial loads are fractal. Importantly, we have found that this widely used synthetic loading calibration method will tend to result in underestimates of Te no matter which recovery method is used. This is due to random correlations between the initial loads which, on average, serve to increase their coherence at all wavelengths and spatial locations. For the fan wavelet method, the degree of underestimation from this "background" source is approximately 10% of the true Te. In addition, the fan wavelet coherence method will provide underestimates of (1) the true Te when the study area size is of the order of the highest flexural wavelength or less, (2) relative Te differences when the Te anomaly is narrow compared to its flexural wavelength, and (3) steep Te gradients. Significantly, we find that the recovery is not greatly affected by the assumption of uniform Te in the inversion of the coherence. We also find that Te recovery from the coherence is only weakly dependent upon the initial subsurface‐to‐surface loading ratio (f). In contrast to the coherence, Te recovery from the admittance is highly "noisy," with discontinuities and overestimates of Te frequently arising. This is most likely due to the high sensitivity of the admittance to f and is likely to apply to real data as well.


As the use of electronic data interchange (EDI) in international trade becomes more widespread, organisations are having to consider the legal implications, not only of transmitting such data in an electronic format but also of storing such data on magnetic media for periods of maybe up to fifteen years.


A synthetic granular briquette is made up of industrial waste dregs (xylose dregs, saw dust, or stalk) as main raw material, addition of fly ash, cinder, coal gangue, coal-saving additive, coal and peat. Its advantages are high generated heat, low igniting temp. and low cost.


'Rainha Claudia Verde' is a regional cultivar of Prunus domestica L. well adapted to a specific region in the south of Portugal. In order to understand the postharvest behavior of this cultivar produced in different orchards, cell wall poly-saccharides and cell wall calcium fruit content were studied during ripening in two consecutive years. During harvest period pectic fractions soluble in water, carbonate and KOH were prepared from alcohol-insoluble residue (AIR) of plums. Galacturonic and neutral sugars contents were measured during fruit ripening and fruit firmness was also evaluated. The calcium fruit level was determined in the AIR during harvest season as well as in dry matter. Fruit firmness was significantly higher in the second year and was probably related with calcium fruit content and pectic polysaccharides. There was a significant difference in calcium fruit content between orchards, and this might influence the overall fruit texture during the postharvest period. During fruit ripening water soluble pectic polysaccharides did not change significantly, which corresponded with the small decrease in tissue firmness. The occurrence in the supernatant of the cellulosic residue of highly branched polysaccharides might be the consequence of matrix material associated with microfibrilar phase. Depolymerization of the hemicellulosic fraction was not evident during plum ripening. The loss of fruit firmness is a consequence of many cellular events which are influenced by external factors. The knowledge of calcium content in the cell wall and the pectic poly¬saccharides could be of great importance to local farmers to predict fruit texture. Full Text (PDF format, 154934 bytes) Citation Translate Powered by Google Tradutor Download Adobe Acrobat Reader (free software to read PDF files) Selecione o idioma Ver esta página em: português Google Tradutor Desativar para: inglês 1 de 1 Página INFLUENCE OF CELL WALL CALCIUM CONTENT IN FRUIT FIRMNESS D... 18-01-2013 http://www.actahort.org/books/934/934_140.htm


Temperature and salinity tolerances of juvenile Rhabdosargus holubi (Steindachner) were determined experimentally. Results indicated that they are tolerant over a wide range of salinities (0.7–70‰) and temperatures (10–30°C) and that little interaction between temperature and salinity occurs. R. holubi is restricted to the warm temperate waters of southeastern Africa. It is absent from the subtropical Indian Ocean and from temperate Atlantic Ocean waters. The juveniles occur mainly in the inshore waters and estuaries. Evidence from tolerance experiments and salinity and temperature data from southern African estuaries suggested that the distribution of R. holubi is controlled by temperature.


The invention relates to complex scene fast drawing method based on viewing area eliminating and image buffer memory technique. It includes the following steps: using scene image structure to organize all drawing element; using viewing area eliminating algorithm to judge whether drawing element node can be eliminated or not; for the cannot eliminated node, using buffer memory texture error judge to computer bounding box peak angle difference; if the angle difference is smaller than the given value, the generated buffer memory texture is used; if it is not, it needs to judge whether it can use image buffer memory algorithm or not; generating buffer memory texture for the need note and drawing. The invention can effectively solve image buffer memory method, increase drawing efficiency.


The invention relates to a botanical pesticide composition containing sophocarpidine and eucalyptus oil. The botanical pesticide composition is composed of effective ingredients, a solvent and a surface active agent. The effective ingredients are composed of the sophocarpidine, the eucalyptus oil and mint oil, wherein the weight ratio of the sophocarpidine to the eucalyptus oil to the mint oil in the composition is 2-5 to 20-50 to 10-30. The botanical pesticide composition is suitable for controlling common agricultural piercing-sucking mouthpart and chewing mouthpart injurious pests such as red spiders, aphids, whiteflies, cabbage caterpillars and cotton bollworms on garden flowers, indoor ornamental plants and commercial crops. According to the botanical pesticide composition, plant extracts serve as the effective ingredients, the prepared preparation is low in toxicity on people and livestock and good in environment compatibility, the injurious pests are not likely to generate resistance, and a remarkable synergistic interaction effect is achieved.


Objectives: As the obesity epidemic continues unabated, there is significant need for treatments suitable for primary care. Unfortunately, state-of-the-art lifestyle interventions, the most studied types of obesity treatments, have low potential for dissemination in primary care due to their time intensive nature. We examined the efficacy of treatments tailored to the primary care environment including pharmacotherapy alone in a six month randomized trial. Methods: Participants (N 250) with BMI 27 were randomized to receive drug therapy (Orlistat) alone, brief counseling, or brief counseling drug therapy. Changes in body weight, lipids, blood pressure, serum glucose, and functional status were evaluated. Results: Completers analysis was conducted on 150 participants with data at baseline and 6-months and intention-to-treat analyses (ITT) for the total sample. There were significant group differences in weight at the 6-month assessment among completers (F 4.917; p 0.009) and ITT models (F 14.556; p 0.001). Among completers, participants in the drug only (p 0.007) and drug brief counseling (p 0.004) groups lost more weight (M SD; -3.8 5.8kg and -4.8 4.4kg, respectively) than participants in the brief counseling only group at 6 months (-1.7 3.3kg). Changes in CVD parameters were negligible and there was only one functional status change, i.e., both drug groups reported engaging in more positive activities as a result of their weight loss when compared to the brief counseling only group. Conclusions: Pharmacotherapy alone or combined with brief counseling resulted in modest weight losses that had minimal impact on cardiovascular parameters. While brief interventions and primary pharmacotherapy have been suggested as viable treatments in primary care settings, our study suggests that such minimal interventions provide minimal benefits.


Sequential extraction of four coal oxidation residues (COR) from aqueous NaOCl solution with petroleum ether (PE), carbon disulfide (CS2), acetone and methanol were investigated. The results suggest that methanol is an effective extraction solvent, giving the highest extraction yields for four COR. The extraction fractions were analyzed by GC/MS. It is found that no compounds, except for F1 of HL and XL , F2 of four COR, were detected. In total, 89 organic compounds were detected in F1 of HL and XL, 23 organic compounds in F2 from four COR. Most of which were arenes (As), normal alkanes (NAs) and oxygen-containing compounds (OCCs).


Computational Fluid Dynamic Modeling of a Baffled-Tube Ram Accelerator with Inclined Baffles Jesse Dumas Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Dr. Carl Knowlen Aeronautics & Astronautics The baffled-tube ram accelerator is a hypervelocity launcher device that accelerates a projectile through a stationary tube filled with a propellant mixture. In this work, to assist ongoing experimental research, a baffled-tube ram accelerator with baffles inclined toward the incoming projectile was simulated using unsteady computational fluid dynamic modeling to examine projectile and baffle drag forces as a function of projectile Mach number. Fourteen Mach numbers ranging from 0.95 to 4.32 were simulated solving both inviscid and turbulent flow equations in alternate cases, all in inert nitrogen. The recorded drag forces were used to calculate drag coefficients for the projectile and baffle walls, and these coefficients will be used to improve thermodynamic models to predict the thrust generated by the baffled-tube ram accelerator.


The prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection makes it as an important pathogen for hospital-and community-acquired infections. MRSA spreads fast and widely with multi-site infection and multi-drug resistance. MRSA, hepatitis B and AIDS are called the three leading refractory infections in the world nowadays. The formation of MRSA biofilm makes the infection to be chronic and difficult to control and brings great difficulties for clinical treatment. The formation process of MRSA biofilm, the quorum sensing system, pathogenicity and resistance mechanisms of MRSA,and control strategies are discussed in the article. It is of great significance to fully understand the evolution nature, the therapeutic strategies and be alert of its increasing clinical importance.

Key words:
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Biofilm; Infection; Therapeutic strategies


Sparse-view scanning has great potential for realizing ultra-low-dose computed tomography (CT) examination. However, noise and artifacts in reconstructed images are big obstacles, which must be handled to maintain the diagnosis accuracy. Existing sparse-view CT reconstruction algorithms were usually designed for circular imaging geometry, whereas the helical imaging geometry is commonly adopted in the clinic. In this paper, we show that the sparse-view helical CT (SHCT) images contain not only noise and artifacts but also severe anatomical distortions. These troubles reduce the applicability of existing sparse-view CT reconstruction algorithms. To deal with this problem, we analyzed the three-dimensional (3D) anatomical structure sparsity in SHCT images. Based on the analyses, we proposed a tensor decomposition and anisotropic total variation regularization model (TDATV) for SHCT reconstruction. Specifically, the tensor decomposition works on nonlocal cube groups to exploit the anatomical structure redundancy; the anisotropic total variation works on the whole volume to exploit the structural piecewise-smooth. Finally, an alternating direction method of multipliers is developed to solve the TDATV model. To our knowledge, the paper presents the first work investigating the reconstruction of sparse-view helical CT. The TDATV model was validated through digital phantom, physical phantom, and clinical patient studies. The results reveal that SHCT could serve as a potential solution for reducing HCT radiation dose to ultra-low level by using the proposed TDATV model.


I must begin by expressing appreciation for the spirit in which Ted accepted my comments as intended to be intellectually and not personally provocative. Let me also assure him that I was not at all offended by the paper – it would be more accurate to say that I was stimulated by it to voice some strong disagreements. Beyond the particular aspects on which we have different perspectives, I applaud his decision to raise ethical issues, too often ignored in writing about mathematics education.


Down syndrome (DS) is characterized by earlier beta‐amyloid (Aβ) plaque accumulation and an increased prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to trisomy 21 and triplication of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene. While the age of AD onset is earlier in DS, AD pathology progression in non‐DS populations follows similar trends to the DS cohort. This study compares the accumulation rate of Aβ between DS and non‐DS populations measured with [C‐11]PiB at same site using the same scanning procedures.


The purpose of the study was to establish lecturers and student teachers' perceptions of the importance of subject matter knowledge and how these views affected supervision and assessment of pre-service and in-service science teachers at University of Mashonaland (pseudonym) in Zimbabwe. The study was largely qualitative and used group discussions, interviews and document analysis to collect data. Lecturers that offered professional courses had varied backgrounds with the majority claiming a background in science education at university level and a large number did not study science beyond Ordinary Level. There were mixed feelings about quality of supervision and assessment received from lecturers who did not have sound science knowledge. Student teachers thought they did not benefit much from supervision by non-science educators and their view was supported by science educators. On the other hand lecturers with no science background insisted they were competent to assess documents and live lessons conducted by the student teachers. Further research was recommended to determine qualitative and quantitative differences in supervision and assessment by lecturers with different backgrounds in science education.


The article presents brief results of the development, testing and trial operation of a near-airfield zone weather radar complex. The relevance of the development of a small-sized X-band meteorological radar is justified. The basic requirements that a modern near zone meteorological radar should meet have been formed. The structure, design features and key performance parameters of the near-airfield zone weather radar complex "Monocle", the information processing organization for obtaining final meteorological products are described. Examples of meteorological data generated by the complex, the values of ranges and discreteness of their formation, that demonstrate the possibility of their using in the airfield zone, are given. The main ways of improving the near-airfield zone weather radar complex "Monocle" in the directions of combining complexes into a network and using new signal distinctive feature in the classifying meteorological phenomena algorithms are described.


Abstract A sensitive method for the simultaneous determination of isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) and its mononitrate metabolites, isosorbide 2-mononitrate and isosorbide 5-mononitrate (IS-2-MN and IS-5-MN), in human plasma was developed using capillary gas chromatography with electron-capture detection, whereas 1,2,4-butanetriol trinitrate was used as internal standard. The analytes were extracted with a simple liquid-liquid extraction from plasma and separated on a DB-1 column. The results of method validation demonstrated that the calibration curves were linear in range of 2–60 ng/mL for ISDN and IS-5-MN, 1–20 ng/mL for IS-2-MN, respectively. The precision (RSD%) was less than 15%, and the lower limit of quantitation was identifiable and reproducible at 2 ng/mL for ISDN and IS-5-MN, 1 ng/mL for IS-2-MN. The analytes in plasma were stable after being stored for more than 30 days and after 2 freeze–thaw cycles (−20 to 25°C). And then this method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic investigation on isosorbide dinitrate oral spray in healthy volunteers.


While engaged in ethnological investigations among the Gros Ventres of the Fort Belknap Reservation in Montana, I noticed that there are certain differences between the speech of men and of women. These differences are of two kinds,-of vocabulary and of pronunciation,-but both reflect the sex of the speaker rather than either the sex of the person spoken to, or the sex of the person or thing spoken of.1 We shall deal first with the difference in vocabulary. There are numerous interjections which may be used only by men and others equally numerous which may be used only by women.2 These constitute a very obvious distinction between men's and women's speech and are clearly recognized as such by the Gros Ventres themselves. Almost any Gros Ventre, even if he or she no longer uses the language to any extent,


The cervical headache and vertigo were treated with acupuncture at Fengchi(GB20)and Wangu(GB 12)and lifting,rotating,pulling-manipulation at neck.The total effective ratewas 91.4%.The therapeutic effects of these two types,malposition type and osteophytosis type,were studied and compared.The results were significantly different in statistics.


Recursion is a very powerful and useful problem solving strategy. But, along with pointers and dynamic data structures, many beginning programmers consider recursion to be a difficult concept to master. This paper reports on a study of upper-division undergraduate students on their difficulty in comprehending the ideas behind recursion. Three issues emerged as the points of difficulty for the students: (1) insufficient exposure to declarative thinking in a programming context (2) inadequate appreciation of the concept of functional abstraction (3) lack of a proper methodology to express a recursive solution. The paper concludes with a discussion of our approach to teaching recursion, which addresses these issues. Classroom experience indicates this approach effectively aids students' comprehension of recursion.


Objective To investigate surgery treatment methods of the tibial plateau fracture.Methods From 1998 to 2006 in our hospital tibial plateau fracture were treated with surgery.Schaezker fracture classification by type:15 cases of Type I,9cases of TypeⅡ,11 cases of Type Ⅲ,5 cases of Type Ⅳ,2 cases of TypeⅤ,1cases of TypeⅥ.I,Ⅲ,IV use of cancellous bone graft + support plate screws for the treatment.Ⅱ Type reduction articular surface,a cancellous bone graft + support plate screws for the treatment.V,VI fracture reduction,the use of cancellous bone screws + the dual-lateral plate for support.Results 43 patients were followed up after 10 to 24 months,according to Rasmussen standard right knee function to evaluate the situation,gifted 30 cases(69.77%),good in nine cases(20.93%) and poor in 4 cases(9.3%).Conclusion Surgical treatment of tibial plateau fracture fixation need a strong,active early treatment with injured knee early functional training.


This article addresses the theme of transference and counter-transference in psychiatric nursing. Starting with the literature, it was possible to see two phenomena in Psychoanalysis in the universe of psychiatric nursing care, although they receive other names. This makes it possible for health professionals to reflect on a practice in which the patients' subjectivity must be considered as extremely important material in the therapeutic relationship.


The implant is disclosed for surgery of the flexible elongated member having at least one passageway for the. One is a large number of flexible elongated members for passage provided in the embodiment, a warrant for turning member passage may be a U- form, which may be sealed by a sealing member. Split ring member has to be provided around the elastic path and elongated member. Bone anchor is coupled to the implant, and when securing the anchor to the implant compresses one or more elongated members. Implants, elongated member, connected to the body, the ring member, nuts, connectors, bone anchor


Excerpt In the world about us we now witness millions of people arrayed in bitter conflict against other millions, defenseless masses dying at the hands of ruthless aggressors, and commerce of neut...


Multicultural musical education is one of the hot points in the world musical education area.It presents a completely new musical theory.Based on the brief introduction of the multicultural musical education's progress of American and the present situation of China,this article discusses the ways of carrying out the normal college's multicultural musical education.


A Academic calendars: "big rocks" story on effective, 147–148; designed to take into account time for re-teaching, 100–101; district-wide interim assessment, 165; identify priorities for your school's, 148–153; place the following events in this order on your, 154; sample elementary/middle/high school assessment calendars, 149fig–153fig. See also Implementation calendars Accountability: action plan follow-up for, 127–130; core drivers of, 129–130. See also Follow-up/accountability driver Achievement First (New York City, New York), 136fig–138 Action: academic calendar allowing reteaching time, 100–102; aligning after-school tutoring, 101, 102; highest achieving teachers engaged in learning, 91–92; implementation for teachers and leaders, 130–133; Leonore Kirk Elementary School's successful, 99fig–100; re-teaching strategies for, 102–120; Whitewater Middle School's successful, 92fig–93 Action implementation rubric: Level 1–teachers, 131–132; Level 2-school-based leaders, 132; Level 3–district-level or multi-campus leaders, 132–133; summary of the, 130–131 Action plan follow-up: building into teacher meetings, 129–130; for instructional leaders, 127–129; monthly maps of action plans, 129, 130; observation tracker tool for, 128–129, 130; observing action plans/lesson plans is like putting on 3-D Index


Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the value of continuous lumbar drainage of cerebrospinal fluid combined with ultra-early stage microsurgery in the treatment of ruptured brain aneurysm.Methods The treatment group was consisted of 34 patients in whom a continuous lumbar drainage of cerebrospinal fluid had been placed,whereas the control group was composed of 26 patients who received daily lumbar drainage.The complications and outcomes were measured.Results The presence of continuous lumbar drainage of cerebrospinal fluid conferred a statistically significant protective and beneficial effect,and it reduced the incidence of clinical vasospasm from 34.62% to 17.65%.The occurrence of hydrocephalus ranged from 26.92% to 11.76%,the occurrence of infarction ranged from 19.23% to 5.88%,and the occurrence of good recovery ranged from 55.88% to 38.46%.The complications between the two groups were not statistically significant(P 0.05).Conclusion Continuous lumbar drainage of cerebrospinal fluid and microsurgery for ultra-early stage in the treatment of ruptured brain aneurysm can reduce complications,and improve outcomes.


Let X be an R-fold, and let π : E −→ X be a real vector bundle, of rank r, equipped with a positive definite symmetric bilinear form. If e1, . . . , er ∈ π −1(X) are orthonormal, then e1 ∧ · · · ∧ er is a non-trivial vector in ∧r E. Proposition: If f1, . . . , fr is any other orthonormal basis for π −1(X), then e1 ∧ · · · ∧ er = ±f1 ∧ · · · ∧ fr. Proof. Note that fi = g · ei for g ∈ O(r), so det(g) = ±1. So, given this data, I get two points in each fiber of ∧r E. Assumption: This is a trivial two fold cover. Choose one connected component and call that section of ∧r E τ . Given this data, I have:


Background: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) is a well-known complication of severe brain insult but has been rarely described in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: Case report and review of literature. Results: We report a 25-year-old lady with moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI) developing circulatory shock. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) was diagnosed by repeated echocardiography. Cardiovascular support by pressor agents led to hemodynamic stabilization after initiation of noradrenaline. Cardiac function fully recovered within 2 weeks. We performed an in-depth literature review and identified 17 reported patients with TBI and TC. Clinical course and characteristics are discussed in the context of our patient. Conclusion: TC is rarely diagnosed after TBI and may lead to poor outcome if not addressed in time. Bangladesh Crit Care J September 2017; 5(2): 143-146


In this note the holotype of the genus and species Loncornis erectus, coming from the Oligocene Deseado Formation of the Deseado River, Santa Cruz province, Argentina is revised. The holotypical specimen has been considered as a distal extreme of a right femur and is here reinterpreted as the proximal portion of a left mammalian humerus. The absence of diagnostic features in the holotype of Loncornis erectus allows us to consider this taxon as a nomen dubium.


Due to the severe intermittence, volatility and uncertainty of the output power, the integration of large scale photovoltaics (PVs) will inevitably impact the power flow and node voltage of a distribution network, and confront the network with higher operation risk. This paper carries out the operation risk assessment of distribution networks with high penetration of PV units, and develops measures to offset the risk. A probabilistic power flow calculation based on Monte Carlo method is proposed in this paper at first, then the operation risk assessment model for a distribution network is established based on the risk assessment indexes of node voltage and line power flow limit violation. The specific implementation of the risk assessment method is presented. Based on these works, specific risk countermeasures are proposed. The validity of the risk assessment method and effectiveness of the risk countermeasures are verified by simulation results.


One CAD model was built in this study.The relationships of different materials,different material gauges,different draw bead shapes and different draw bead sizes with the ratios of the draw bead resistance forces to the material initial yield stresses were studied respectively from the CAD model by using Dynaform.The study concluded that different materials and different material gauges slightly affected the ratios of the draw bead resistance forces to the material initial yield stresses.Also,it derived that the draw bead shapes and the draw bead sizes are related with the ratios of the draw bead resistance forces to the material initial yield stresses,and the relationship curves were presented.


In the context of the US National Security Agency surveillance scandal, the transatlantic privacy divide has come back to the fore. In the United States, the right to privacy is primarily understood as a right to physical privacy, thus the protection from unwarranted government searches and seizures. In Germany on the other hand, it is also understood as a right to spiritual privacy, thus the right of citizens to develop into autonomous moral agents. The following article will discuss the different constitutional assumptions that underlie American and German attitudes towards privacy, namely privacy as an aspect of liberty or as an aspect of dignity. As data flows defy jurisdictional boundaries, however, policymakers across the Atlantic are faced with a conundrum: how can German and American privacy cultures be reconciled?


A carbon rod electrode coated with a poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane containing aquatic humic substances (HS) isolated from swamp water was constructed for the detection of copper(II) ion. The electrode exhibits a linear response with a slope of 60.1 ± 2.0 mV/decade in concentration range from 10−5 mol L−1 to 10−2 mol L−1. The detection limit for the copper(II) ion was estimated to be of 1 × 10−5 mol L−1. Electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) and pH titration results indicated that the humic substances interact with copper(II) ions to form complexes. These results confirm that the potential response of the membrane electrode with good sensitivity, selectivity except for Pb2+ and Hg2+, and response to copper(II) ion is due to the formation of stable complexes occurring at the electrode surface.


(IV) is easily prepared over a wide range of conditions, whereas pure samples of (III) are obtained only using very low amounts of water, a narrow range of F:Cl ratios, and a long reaction time.


We will present a new fast binary multiplication scheme based on the use of a nonholographic parallel optical content addressable memory (CAM). The multiplication operation is performed by means of binary logarithmic addition that uses a sign/logarithm number system. Multiplication of two binary numbers a and b begins by converting them into a sign/logarithm number system. Multiplication is accomplished by adding appropriate logarithms. A 3-stage non-holographic CAM is required to implement a sign/logarithm number multiplier. By means of a Quine-McCluskey minimization method, the number of CAM's minterms are reduced. For a 7-bit binary multiplication the first CAM, reduced from 605 to 111 minterms, converts the binary numbers to sign/logarithm numbers. To add the two logarithms, a second CAM, reduced from 2519 to 270 minterms, performs a floating-point binary-carry look-ahead addition. Finally, a third CAM with 329 instead of 891 minterms, does the conversion from sign/logarithm numbers back to binary numbers. In general, the storage capacity needed for each CAM stage depends on the range of input numbers and the calculation accuracy.


An insight on injury potential of frequently performed manual lifting tasks(MLT), in terms of simultaneously collected biomechanical and metabolic responses, is important for optimizing such activities involved in different Industrial and Non-industrial operations. Present study aimed to assess simple MLTs with objectives of drawing a relationship between biomechanical, electromyography and metabolic responses, validating authenticity of using prediction biomechanics for categorizing MLTs and to identify an optimized lifting weight-frequency-height combination that incurs least physical workload. Three dimensional realtime biomechanics (kinematics, kinetics and electromyography) and metabolic data were recorded while participants carried out given MLTs and for each experiment, video-photography was done for analyzing 2D biomechanics using ErgoMaster ergonomics evaluation software. Real time and prediction biomechanics, electromyography and metabolic responses, all showed significant increase during lifting higher 'magnitude of load' with higher 'lifting frequency' and lifting from floor height to either knuckle or shoulder heights. This may be due to higher muscular activity and higher joint angular stress resulting in higher physical workload. It was observed that lifting 10 kg weight at frequency of 1lift.min-1 from Knuckle to Shoulder (K-S) height resulted in least physical workload. It is suggested that as an ergonomics intervention, for all practical purposes involving MLTs, loads should be placed initially at K-S height for minimizing lifting hazards. Relevance to Industry Complete ergonomic assessment of lifting tasks required to formulate safe lifting strategies for Industrial operations. Lifting 10 kg at 1lift.min-1 from 'knuckle to shoulder' height was ergonomically best combination. For lifting 10 kg or more, bending should be avoided. Predicted biomechanics may be effectively used to assess lifting tasks.


Estimation of short-term bus travel time is an essential component of effective intelligent transportation systems (ITS), including traveler information systems and transit signal priority (TSP) strategies. Several technologies, such as automated vehicle location (AVL) systems, can provide real-time information for estimation of bus travel time. However, low resolution of data from such technologies presents a challenge to accurate estimation of travel time. Several models for estimation of bus travel time at signalized urban arterials were developed and tested. These models used low-frequency AVL data and required only knowledge of network specifications such as locations of bus stops and intersections. First, a linear regression model was developed; it decomposed total travel time into its components, including running travel time, dwell time at bus stops, and delay at signalized intersections. Second, various machine learning models, including support vector regression (SVR) with nonlinear kernel, ridge, Lasso, decision tree, and Bayesian ridge were trained by using Python libraries such as scikit-learn and evaluated. A segment of Washington Street in Boston, Massachusetts, was selected as the study site. The results indicate that the SVR model outperformed other regression models in generalized error measures, in particular those of mean absolute error and root mean square error. The findings of this study can lead to improved traveler information systems and more-efficient TSP strategies and, overall, can contribute to better transit quality of service.


In the international and regional interconnection of the power grid, submarine cable transmission engineering is a critical component for network construction and optimizing energy allocation. This paper describes the condition of the regional power grid interconnection of submarine cable projects around the world since the 1990's and the development trends of cross ocean power grid connection projects in different countries.


There is a mutual dependency between the business world and the country's municipalities. The municipalities are dependent on the companies to create work and tax income while the companies are dep ...


Sequential Control System in the industry has been used in applications based on Programmable Logical Controllers (PLC). These Systems are, in general, highly complex and with an operation cycle around 1ms or 10ms. PLC are, in general, expensive for theses high complex applications. In this work, a Dynamical Reconfigurable approach is presented, based on Xilinx Virtex-II FPGA architecture, operating as a virtual hardware machine. In this context, the control process is specified in the industrial standard language SFC/Petri net (Sequential Function Chart). For large controllers, a partial and dynamical reconfiguration mechanism takes place and the controller is split into multiple contexts, which are sequentially executed within the same FPGA, without violating the operation cycle of the system, in spite of the reconfiguration overhead. The solution is cost compatible with current PLC for complex applications and can reach better performance by exploration of the potential parallelism of control descriptions.


One hundred and four beechwoods located in the Atlantic range of western Europe have been analysed for four polymorphic enzymatic markers. The most diverse populations are mainly found in southern regions (Spain, Pyrenees, Aquitaine), the Pyrenean ones being characterized by the greatest diversity. Allelic variations are noticeable from west to east and then towards the north; they are mostly independent from ecological parameters. Only one locus (peroxydases 1) seems to depend on selection effect (greater polymorphism at high altitude); however, the very important total diversity of Pyrenean beechwoods may be a response, at least partly adaptative, to the large variety of microhabitats found within mountain populations.


According to official statistics, men suffer more occupational diseases (OD) than women. Nevertheless, the unequal distribution and participation in the labo...


The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate rehabilitation outcomes according to type of rehabilitation program (intensive or non-intensive) in stroke patients admitted for rehabilitation at Siriraj Hospital during 2010-2014. Demographic data, Barthel Index (BI) at admission (BIad), Barthel Index at discharge (BIdc), and length of stay (LOS) of all stroke admitted during the study period were recorded from chart review. Patients were categorized into the intensive or non-intensive rehabilitation groups. Efficacy (∆BI) was calculated as BIdc-BIad, and effectiveness was calculated as ∆BI / (BImax-BIad) * 100. Our subjects were 484 stroke patients with 569 rehabilitation admissions. Mean age was 64.5±13.0 years, and 53% were male. Most (88%) patients were admitted for intensive rehabilitation. Mean efficacy score was 3.7±3.5, and mean LOS was 30.6±18.4 days. Median percentage of effectiveness was 27.0 (800, 100). Mean efficacy score was 4.1±3.5 and 0.9±1.9; median percentage of effectiveness was 33.3 (800, 100) and 0 (-26.7, 31.3); and, mean LOS was 30.3±16.9 days and 32.6±27.2 days for the intensive and non-intensive groups, respectively. Mean LOS showed a decreasing trend from 2010 to 2014 (34.2 to 27.5 days). Efficacy and effectiveness showed an increasing trend, except for 2014. Our conclusions are that patients admitted for intensive rehabilitation had higher efficacy score, higher percentage of effectiveness, and shorter LOS than patients in the non-intensive group. During the 2010-2014 study period, mean LOS showed a decreasing trend, and efficacy and effectiveness showed an increasing trend.


To study the quality evaluation indices of Tamarinds indicia Linn,89 samples of tamarind in Yunnan Province were collected,and 9 quality evaluation indices including fruit weight,fruit thickness,fruit width,the number of seed,the percentage of seed,the percentage of flesh,and fruit long,etc.were tested.Those data of tamarind quality evaluation were analyzed by correlation analysis,principal component analysis and systematic cluster analysis.The results of the correlation analysis showed that there were significantly positive relation between fruit weight and the fruit thickness,fruit width,the number of seed,fruit long and the percentage of flesh,there were significantly positive relation between the percentage of flesh and thickness-width ratio,and there were significantly negative relation between the percentage of flesh and the percentage of seed.Principal component analysis showed that the first four principal component variance accumulation According to their squared Euclidean distance and between-groups linkage of cluster contribution rate amounted to 90.51%,which reflected 90.51% of the quality analysis,the tested 9 indices were divided into 4 types,which were finally simplified to 4 representative quality evaluation indices-fruit weight,the percentage of flesh,the percentage of seed,and thickness-width ratio.


The relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and emotion information processing (EIP) has received surprisingly little attention in the literature. The present research addresses these gaps in the literature by introducing a conceptualization of emotional intelligence as composed of two distinct components: (1) EIK or emotion Knowledge component, captured by current ability emotional intelligence tests, related to top-down, higher order reasoning about emotions, and which depends more strongly on acquired and culture-bound knowledge about emotions; (2) EIP or emotion information Processing component, measured with emotion information processing tasks, requires faster processing and is based on bottom-up attention-related responses to emotion information. In Study 1 (N = 349) we tested the factorial structure of this new EIP component within the nomological network of intelligence and current ability emotional intelligence. In Study 2 (N =111) we tested the incremental validity of EIP in predicting both overall performance and the charisma of a presenter while presenting in a stressful situation. Results support the importance of acknowledging the role of emotion information processing in the emotional intelligence literature and point to the utility of introducing a new EI measure that would capture stable individual differences in how individuals process emotion information.


FIELD: physics, computer engineering. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to speech recognition. Speech recognition employs an overall grammar as a set of context-specific grammars for recognition of an input data, each responsible for a specific context. The grammars together cover the entire domain. Multiple recognitions can be used in parallel with respect to the same input, where each recognition uses context-specific grammars. Multiple intermediate recognition results from different recogniser-grammar pairs are reconciled by running re-recognition using a dynamically composed grammar based on the multiple recognition results and other domain knowledge, or selecting the winner using a statistical classifier operating on classification features extracted from the multiple recognition results and other domain knowledge. EFFECT: shorter delay during speech recognition, higher accuracy of speech recognition, larger overall grammatical coverage in speech recognition. 22 cl, 9 dwg


The websites-based social network, as a social media, provides and shares abundant information via organizing users' content and contacts, whereby users' activities in the real world can be imaged to the websites. However, users' content and contacts in real-world social networks cannot be detected easily. Herein, we construct a website interaction network to reflect the online social network, based on mapping relationships among websites, webpages, and attributes of a social event. This network reflects the social association relationships between websites of an event, which can be mapped to the users' relationships in the real-world social network. In this article, we study the structural features of a website interaction network and, then, mapping of these features to the real-world social network. Further, we discuss implications for human behaviors, human relationships, and structure of human society. Experimental results show that the website interaction networks concerning popular social events have power-law scaling in degree distribution and exhibit small-world properties.


The drive to improve healthcare now has some national direction, thanks to the recent publication of the National Strategy for Quality Improvement in Health Care.


The basic problems of development of socio-demographic sphere in Russia at the present stage and the tendency of their change are considered in the article. The methodical device of diagnostics of socio-demographic safety of territories is offered. In basis of it lays using of indicator analysis method. The researches based both on official statistics, and on calculations of the latent dynamic characteristics are considered. The special attention is given to diagnostics of real number of addicts. The condition and dynamics of change of socio-demographic safety in federal districts of the Russian Federation for the period of 2000 - 2006 is shown. The primary goals are put which performance will lead to a output of Russia from the developed demographic crisis.


Based on a 3-DOF mechanical model of double-tower flexible connecting system,the effects of connecting substructures on the double-tower connected structure are considered and studied using the pseudo-exciting method. The effects of some connecting parameters,such as the connecting frequency ratio,connecting mass ratio and connecting damping ratio,are systematically analyzed in frequency domain. The optimal connecting parameters of the flexible connection system of double -tower buildings are obtained,which can be used to guide the connection design of complex structures in practical engineering. Finally,a numerical analysis is carried out based on an unsymmetrical double -tower connecting high -rise structure and the results confirm that the optimal analysis is effective.


Photoelasticity method is considered for plane strain cylindrical body in this paper. In spite plane nature of the stress, under discussionned methods have tomography nature and are robust. Degree to difficulties of the problem for determined stress and simulation modeling of the stress body had determined.


The sudden outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which emerged in Wuhan city, China, has resulted in a global pandemic, posing a major health concern worldwide. Despite multiple therapeutic interventions, no treatment has yet proven effective in treating COVID-19. Furthermore, the complicated virology of SARS-CoV-2 makes the process of identifying effective treatments, an arduous task. COVID-19, being affecting the upper and lower respiratory tract, is associated with consequent release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in which interleukin (IL)-6 receptor plays a key role. The elevated inflammatory cytokines resulting in a cytokine storm play a major role in the pathology of COVID-19. Siltuximab has become a keen interest for researchers because it is a chimeric, human-murine, immunoglobulin G monoclonal antibody that binds and neutralises human IL-6 with high affinity and specificity. In this article, we tried to evaluate why siltuximab is not a suitable option for treating novel coronavirus from the clinical study evidence.


The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate the knowledge of, attitudes toward, and experiences of the emergency contraceptive pill (ECP), sexual behaviour, and pornography consumption among ...


Traditionally, performance management of telecommunications networks has been undertaken on a Network Element (NE) basis, often in an uncoordinated manner and requiring sophisticated human expertise for relatively trivial tasks. However, as networks become increasingly diverse and complex, and the demands upon them increase, this approach is more and more inefficient. Additionally, the advent of distributed processing networks, such as mobile cellular, IN (Intelligent Networks) and TINA (Telecommunication Information Networking Architecture), means that local performance management will no longer be sufficient and co-ordination of these activities across the network is now required. The problems with centralised performance management of networks are the volume of data, the complexity of the network, and the resultant latencies in response times to network problems, A real time performance management system for telecommunications networks is described, which can form the basis of real time decentralised control of future telecommunications networks. The proposed performance measurement system provides open interfaces for subscription to real time performance information at varying degrees of abstraction, corresponding to the required management view. The measurement system takes an event-based approach to delivering firm real time performance information. The measurement enables real time and near real time control systems to be decentralised within the management network, both at a local level and at a regional level. A hierarchical approach both reduces the volume and complexity of performance information and facilitates the development of a "management by delegation" paradigm in the management network.


The article mainly illustrates the implications of 'Joseph Lees Baffling Problem, and interprets the problem by analyzing the two different philosophical traditions in China and some western countries.


Solid-state reactions between bulk samples of copper oxide and alumina have been studied using scanning electron microscopy and electron microprobe analysis. Both CuAl_2O_4 and CuAlO_2 were found to form during reactions in air at 1100 °C between CuO powder and single-crystal alumina substrates. The relative position of the CuAl_2O_4 and CuAlO_2 layers was observed to depend on the crystallographic orientation of the surface of the alumina substrate: CuAl_2O_4 formed in contact with (0001) alumina substrates while CuAlO_2 formed when the alumina substrate surface was (11 0). Faceted Cu–aluminate/alumina phase boundaries were observed to develop when single-crystal alumina rods were reacted with CuO, although the interfaces invariably tended to be wavy.


Over 5000 trilobites have been collected from Lower Ordovician rocks exposed at the Lynna River in the Volkhov region, east of St. Petersburg, Russia. Bed-by-bed sampling has been carried out through the upper part of Volkhov Formation (top of Jeltiaki Member and the entire Frizy Member), the Lynna Formation and the basal part of the Obukhovo Formation. This interval, which is 7.5 metres thick, correlates with the upper part of the Arenig Series, and presumably even ranges into the very base of the Llanvirn. A preliminary biostratigraphical investigation of top Jeltiaki Member (BIIβ), Frizy Member (BIIγ) and basal Lynna Formation (BIIIα) reveals a rather continuous faunal turnover lacking sharp boundaries, and the biostratigraphical zonation (BIIβ–BIIIα) is primarily defined by the index trilobite taxa. The trilobite ranges are generally in agreement with the pattern described by Schmidt in 1907. The abundance ratio between Asaphus and the ptychopygids seems to be related to changes in relative sea level with Asaphus preferring the most shallow water conditions. A tentative interpretation of sea-level changes suggests an initial drowning at the base of BIIγ, immediately followed by a lowstand that in turn was succeeded by a moderate sea-level rise and then a significant fall. The last marks the BIIγ/BIIIα boundary. Correlation with sections in Scandinavia suggests that the basal part of BIIγ is strongly condensed.


The effects of ethanol leaf-extract of Pterocarpus santalinoides on liver enzymes were investigated in albino rats using spectrophotometric methods. Sixteen albino rats were grouped into four (A, B, C and D). Animals were administered the extract through oral intubation at the doses (mg/kg) of 0, 200, 400 and 600 respectively for two weeks. The blood samples were collected on the fifteenth day following the last day of administration. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities (u/l) recorded 28.77±1.39, 27.72±1.52, 25.92±1.34 and 23.83±1.57 for the animals in groups A, B, C and D respectively with corresponding activities (u/l) of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) as 76.57±2.58, 74.99±1.62, 71.61±2.01 and 70.23±1.34. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities (u/l) recorded 70.14±2.27, 67.04±2.32, 65.17±1.87 and 59.19±2.04 for the animals in groups A, B, C and D respectively. The results recorded a significant (p<0.05) dose-dependent decrease in the activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase of the animals that received the ethanol leaf-extract of Pterocarpus santalinoides. Thus ethanol leaf-extract of Pterocarpus santalinoides could be hepato-protective.


We have added a Java virtual machine (henceforth JVM) bytecode generator to the optimizing Scheme-to-C compiler Bigloo. We named this new compiler BiglooJVM. We have used this new compiler to evaluate how suitable the JVM bytecode is as a target for compiling strict functional languages such as Scheme. In this paper, we focus on the performance issue. We have measured the execution time of many Scheme programs when compiled to C and when compiled to JVM. We found that for each benchmark, at least one of our hardware platforms ran the BiglooJVM version in less than twice the time taken by the Bigloo version. In order to deliver fast programs the generated JVM bytecode must be carefully crafted in order to benefit from the speedup of just-in-time compilers.


Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning (HVAC) is humidity equipment that comes in one package to provide comfort ability to people. Commercial HVAC systems provide the people working inside buildings with conditioned air so that they will have a comfortable and safe work environment. There are three main systems in HVAC system, which are heating, ventilating and air conditioning. For each main system, there are many others equipment or components in it. The maintenance of HVAC system is very important in order to maintain humidity services to people. So, many academics and researchers make a study about HVAC maintenance to always propose new method which is better than conventional maintenance method and replace it. In this paper or report, it is also mentioned about the methodology in order to do research about the HVAC maintenance which is focused on chillers and AHU only. The best method in HVAC maintenance is by predictive maintenance. Actually, there are many types of technologies used in predictive maintenance like, vibration analysis, oil analysis, eddy current testing, IR thermography and also ultrasonic testing. This type of maintenance has more advantages than disadvantages.


Summary On 15 January 2013 the Food Safety Authority of Ireland, FSAI, published a press release on a small survey identifying horse and pig DNA in burger products, initiating a meat substitution scandal that involved most of Europe and maintained high and lengthy media and political salience. Herein we summarise the extent of the substitution, placing it in a historical, food authenticity, food safety and analytical context and drawing conclusions on the future measures recommended primarily to government. We conclude that history teaches us that this will happen again but not in quite the same way. We suggest it is now unlikely that widespread horse meat substitution will reoccur for decades but other frauds will arise and the way to guard against this is continued systematic vigilance. The challenge is to secure a cost effective, efficient scientific infrastructure to support that vigilance in a planned and sustainable manner.


The two dominant factors, satisfying the yield condition (especially at high temperature above 700 °C) and regarding the weld metal shape as the deposited metal, in the high accuracy prediction of welding distortion had been previously determined using a bead-on-plate specimen with a groove. To verify the validity of the dominant factors, the experiment and thermal elastic-plastic analysis by FEM were conducted using a specimen for butt welding and fillet welding. The validity of the dominant factors in the high accuracy prediction of welding distortion using the bead-on-plate specimen with the groove was verified by the results of butt welding and fillet welding, and its generality was confirmed. It was confirmed that residual stress was also accurately predicted because welding distortion was accurately predicted.


The Injun I satellite is in a nearly circular orbit. The instrumentation was prepared by the Iowa group. Observations for the period involved surveying 27 passes during the 28 September - 4 October 1961 period. Preliminary results are reported.


Abstract : The need exists for a quick turnaround, low volume, multicolor printer to output topographic and terrain products to support special operations and decision making, planning and combat operations on the modern, fast-paced battlefield. U.S. Army Topographic Engineering Center (TEC) is fulfilling this need through the integration, with slight modifications, of Commercial, Off-the- Shelf (COTS) printing, reproduction, scanning, and processing hardware and software. Modifications to this hardware will include those needed for the equipment to survive the additional stresses placed on military equipment. This system is not intended to meet all QRMP Required Operational Capability (ROC) requirements, but to develop an interim reproduction system to fulfill some of these requirements until technologies mature. To support this effort, TECOM authorized the U.S. Army Combat Systems Test Activity (CSTA) to plan and conduct testing of the QRMP-S shelter and prime mover to provide the data needed to establish what modifications are needed to the QRMP hardware.


The application of static frequency converter(SFC) in gas turbine set was introduced.The working principal,components,transfer function and starting process of SFC were analyzed based on the technology parameters of introduced Siemens gas turbine and existing SFC in current project.


a B s t r a c t The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Brazilian version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) using Rasch-based person and item analysis. For this purpose, 271 participants were recruited, between 18 and 51 years of age (M=23.61; SD=6.12), 187 (69%) female and 84 men, all Brazilian college students. Participants responded to the BDI on the assessment of depressive symptoms. Results suggest the adequacy of the psychometric properties of the instrument and demonstrate the Rasch model's applicability for clinical practices. Among the important tools offered by the Rasch model, we explore the use of the person-item map, which visually presents the intuitively understandable psychological construct along the dimensional scale of the instrument.


Litterfall is the first phase of the biogeochemical cycle and returns nutrients to the soil. This paper demonstrates the quantita- tive distribution of the different components throughout the year in four stands of a beech time sequence. Litterfall increases as the forest evolves and as basal area increases: from 2.1 t/ha/an in the thicket to 4.7 t/ha/an in the mature high forest. Leaves represent 90% of the to- tal litterfall in the young stand and 70% in the oldest stand. The proportion of leaves decreases during forest rotation. Most of the catego- ries are related to the age and basal area, because of the architecture and maturity of the trees. Other factors could explain litterfall dynamics, e.g. human management or animals. Climate is a preponderant factor for the litterfall production and plays a role in the species phenology. The litterfall dynamics during the time sequence, and the observed shifts in phenology give rise to different pedogenetic pro- cesses.


In a discussion about oral contraceptives (OCs) a number of issues arose: 1) when measuring the safety of contraceptives the dangers of pregnancy should be measured as well. 2) In the United States studies of OCs tend to avoid separating subjects into socioeconomic strata. 3) Although some low dose OCs do not completely suppress ovulation or the LH surge their main function is the same as for standard dose OCs. 4) If a woman should miss a few low dose pills there is a lower dose of steroids in the bloodstream but their half-life will be the same. 5) As ethinyl estradiol is more uniformly metabolized it is probably a more efficacious preparation for the OC. 6) Except for possible androgenicity a pills estrogen/progestin ratio is of little importance for most individuals. 7) Women who have preexisting fibrocystic disease have a higher incidence of malignant neoplasia on the Pill but that incidence is probably low and has not been tested in low dose OCs. 8) Women taking OCs of 50 mug of estrogen or more tend to have an increased risk of thromboembolism thrombophlebitis myocardial infarction and death from other circulatory diseases after age 35 especially if they smoke. 9) Current studies are examining whether there is a difference in the incidence of breakthrough bleeding or failure of withdrawal bleeding between the low dose and former higher dose OCs. 10) There are 2 types of patients with amenorrhea. One type has had too much progestin and her endometrium is shedding less. The other is pregnant and should be told of the probability of congenital malformation because of having continued taking OCs. 11) After the age of 35 and especially after the age of 40 the effects of OCs smoking and myocardial infarction act synergistically. 12) Some physicians prefer to have their patients sign an informed consent form in the event of an emergency such as stroke. 13) An annual checkup is usually all that is necessary. When more is known about OCs especially low dose OCs another discussion should be arranged.


Objective To investigate the possible mechanism of PBMSCs from bone marrow cells mobilization in prevention and cure restenosis after carotid angioplasty in model rabbits . Methods MSCs were collected from 5 rabbits.and other 60 New Zealand white male rabbits undergoing carotid atherosclerotic stenosis were randomly divided into two groups,MSCs transplanted group (n = 30) and control group (n=30). The animals were sacrificed 7,14,28 days after operation and the blood vessel specimens were taken for morphometric analysis of injured carotid artery neointima formation,immunohisloehemical analysis of the transplanted cells homing and differentiation, and injured caroti artery reendothelialization. Results Neointimal thickening was observed in all balloon-injured vessels. Seven,14,28 days after operation,neointimal area,neointimal area/media area and reslenosis rate significantly reduced.and the injured carotid artery reendothelialization significantly increased in MSCs transplanted group as compared with the control group. GFP-positive cells in the injured carotid artery area were obsered only in the MSCs transplanted group and some GFP-positive cells were CD31-positive( endotheliocytes). Conclusions Intravenous transplantation of PBMSCs accelerates reendothelialization and attenuates neointimal thickening and restenosis in rabbit carotid balloon-induced injury model. The beneficial effects may be iscribed to MSCs homing to the injured vessel and differentiating into endotheliocytes.


Anti-vessel missile is playing more and more important role in the modern warfare , ECM is an important factor for combat efficiency of anti-vessel missile. In this paper, the limitation of anti-vessel missile ECM system at present and the new probable technologies are shown. Finally, the paper provides some ECM to fight against the anti-vessel missile.


One of the theoretical approaches to study spatially-extended ecosystems is given by metapopulation models, which consider fragmented populations inhabiting discrete patches linked by migration. Most of the metapopulation models assume exponential growth of the local populations and few works have explored the role of cooperation in fragmented ecosystems. In this letter, we study the dynamics and the bifurcation scenarios of a minimal, two-patch metapopulation Turing-like model given by nonlinear differential equations with an autocatalytic reaction term together with diffusion. We also analyze the extinction transients of the metapopulations focusing on the effect of coupling two local populations undergoing delayed transition phenomena due to ghost saddle remnants. We find that increasing diffusion rates enhance the delaying capacity of the ghosts. We finally propose the saddle remnant as a new class of transient generator mechanism for ecological systems.


The purpose of this diploma work was to investigate the problem of insufficient fibre recovery in the dissolved air flotation-cell at the new thermomechanical pulping-line at Braviken Paper Mill. A ...


Habitats in polar regions are among the most severely affected by climate change, especially due to temperature rises, resulting in losses from glaciers, ice shelves, and sea-ice extension and concentration (Barnes et al., 2018). Until 2014, the trends for the Southern Ocean (SO) showed marked regional differences with clear temperature increments and ice losses (blueing) around the Antarctic Peninsula, and the Bellingshausen and Amundsen Seas, and the opposite trend (whitening) in the Ross Sea and eastern Weddell Sea (Parkinson, 2019). However, since 2014, the general trend for the SO is that of blueing (Parkinson, 2019). The changes in terms of ice cover and extension have quickly and profoundly affected benthic fauna, community structure, biological traits, and ecosystem services they provide across multiple spatial (e.g. Barnes et al., 2018) and temporal scales (e.g. Pineda-Metz et al., 2020). The recent paper of Zwerschke et al. (2021) is one of the latest publications dealing with temporal changes of benthic fauna ecosystem services in relation to glacier loss in fjords of the west Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), and aims to gain a more holistic quantification of carbon gains driven by glacier retreat.


This issue of the Journal of Wine Economics opens with Alessandro Corsi's and Orley Ashenfelter's "Predicting Italian Wine Quality from Weather Data and Expert Ratings" (Corsi and Ashenfelter, 2019). In order to assess the reliability of expert ratings of Italian Barolo and Barbaresco wines, the authors estimate whether and to what extent these ratings are determined by growing season weather conditions. Using an ordered probit model, they find that experts' vintage ratings are determined by weather data but experts of Italian wines seem to incorporate less of the weather information than their French equivalents as found by Ashenfelter and Jones (2013). This may suggest the existence of private information, that is not included in publicly available weather data, or a higher degree of inefficiency of expert opinion on Italian wine.


Ankle sprain accounts for 7–10% of cases admittedto the emergency room in hospitals(1). According tostudies, ankle sprain accounts for 15–20% of allsports-related injuries(2, 3). The ratio of reoccur-rence of ankle sprain is reported to be as high as30–40%(4).Functional ankle instability(FAI) refers to the sub -jective feeling of an ankle giving way that remainsafter recurrent ankle sprains(5). The Cumberlandankle instability tool(CAIT) can be used to evaluateFAI. This evaluation tool has high reliability andvalidity(6). Isokinetic equipment evaluates muscle functionalitythrough peak torque, peak torque % bodyweight(PT%BW), average power, and total work.Isokinetic equipment has been used as a standardevaluation instrument(7, 8, 9). It is also utilized in avariety of areas due to its high reliability(10, 11). Causes of FAI include muscle weakening and lackof proprioceptive senses. Proprioception plays animportant role in neuromuscular interactions(12).These deliver various kinds of signals to the centralnervous system through the muscle spindle andGolgi tendon organ located in ligaments, skin, mus -cles, tendons, and joint capsules to control themovement of the body(12). Previous studies have examined the use of muscle-strengthening exercises, as well as exercises thatimprove proprioceptive sense and FAI(13, 14). Ankleinstability is caused not only by deficiency of musclestrength but also by a lack of proprioception at thesame time(15, 16, 17). Thus, execution of muscle-strengthening exercise and proprioceptive senseexercise separately may be ineffective interventionsfor FAI. Therefore, the current study implemented a combi-nation of muscle-strengthening and proprioceptivesense exercises and examined the impacts of thesecombined exercises on FAI.


The Hardat Tolgoi Pb-Zn deposit is a medium-sized Pb-Zn deposit recently found in Erenhot-Dongwuqi polymetallic ore belt along the suture zone between the North China plate and the Siberia plate.The granite relevant to the Pb-Zn mineralization in the orefield is a concealed pluton.The LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating indicates that the granite was emplaced at 125±4.3 Ma and thus was the products of"Yanshanian"magmatism.Detailed geochemical data show that the granite is composed of weakly peraluminous(A/CNK= 0.99-1.08) rocks with low iron,high silicon,and high alkali contents(mostly NaK).The granite is enriched in large-ion lithophile elements(LILEs,such as Rb and K),Nd and Ta,but is depleted in high-field strength elements(HFSEs,such as Nb and Ti),Ba and Sr.The chondrite-normalized REE pattern shows M type with tetrad effect and strong Eu depletion(δEu=0.003~0.013).These results suggest that the alkaline feldspar granite belongs to alkalinity A type granite and was formed in a post-orogenic tectonic environment.Nd-Pb isotopic compositions show that the alkaline feldspar granite was derived from partial melting of the Mesoproterozoic upper crust.


The general practitioners in the Canterbury Area Health Board area were surveyed for their screening policies for cancer and medical conditions. Responses were obtained from 210 (79%), 55% of whom had age/sex registers. Ninety-seven percent provided cervical smears, usually at 1-2 year intervals; 62% offered a female smear taker. Smears were initiated opportunistically by 76%, by age/sex register (47%) or on request by 27%. Breast cancer was screened by 69% using mammography and by 59% using breast physical examination; 73% taught breast self examination. Mammography was recommended every two years for women aged 50-64 years by 45% of responders, and annually to women aged 40-50 years by 19%. Mammography was initiated opportunistically by 88%, on request by 70% and using an age/sex register by 21%. Melanoma was screened by 66%, colorectal cancers in those at high risk by 42%. Testicular self examination was promoted by 43%. Ninety-one percent screened for hypertension, and 51% for hyperlipidaemia, 54% for diabetes mellitus in people without risk factors. Smoking (97%) and alcohol intake (82%) were usually inquired for, and safe sex practices by 59%. Established screening modalities were recommended by most practitioners, but the frequency exceeded current guidelines in many cases; opportunistic screening predominated.


A cascode amplifier with protection circuitry is described. In one exemplary design, the amplifier includes multiple branches coupled in parallel, with at least one branch being switchable between "on" and "off" states. Each switchable branch includes a gain transistor coupled to a cascode transistor. The gain transistor amplifies an input signal and provides an amplified signal in the on state and does not amplify the input signal in the off state. The cascode transistor buffers the amplified signal and provides an output signal in the on state. The output signal swing may be split between the gain transistor and the cascode transistor in both the on and off states with the protection circuitry. Each transistor may then observe a fraction of the voltage swing. The voltage splitting in the off state may be achieved by floating the gain transistor and shorting the gate and source of the cascode transistor.


Organ transplantation is a medical procedure in which an organ is removed from one body and placed in the body of a recipient to replace a damaged or missing organ. Organ /tissues that are transplanted within the same person's body are called Auto grafts. Transplants that are recently performed between two subjects of the same species are called Allograft. Allografts can either be from a living or cadaveric source. Organs are systems of cells and tissues that perform a specific task eg:- Respiration, Circulation, gets rid of the body waste. AIM To assess the level of knowledge on organ donation among degree college students, and To associate the level of knowledge on organ donation with their selected demographic variables. Methodology: A descriptive design was adopted.40 students were selected by using simple random sampling technique at SV Govt polytechnic college, Tirupati. The level of knowledge was assessed by using the structured questionnaire. Results: The results were out of 40 students 16% (16) had moderate knowledge 21% (21) had inadequate knowledge and only 3% (3) had adequate knowledge. Conclusion: based on the obtained findings the researcher prepared a book let which will help them to improve their knowledge