Fast solvers performing on a regular grid are often used for problems in elasticity, in order to avoid expensive mesh generations. However, if overlaps between solid materials occur without any interactions, these might deteriorate the results, especially for the stresses. Therefore, we want to present an approach for developing numerical methods for contact problems on a regular mesh with the help of signed distance data and multi‐material voxels. In this contribution we will focus on problems in linear elastostatics with contact between several different bodies. Finally, we present the results from a numerical test for the two dimensional Hertz problem, solved on a triangular regular mesh. (© 2016 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The classification of rice varieties is a crucial task in the agricultural industry, as it helps farmers to identify and manage crops effectively. In recent years, deep learning algorithms have shown promising results in image recognition tasks, and have been applied to agricultural applications to classify crop varieties. This study proposes a deep learning-based CNN approach to classify five variants of rice varieties based on their images. The proposed method utilizes convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to learn the features from rice images and classify them into their respective categories. The dataset used in this study consists of 300 images of five different rice varieties, which are collected from various sources and angles. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves high accuracy in classifying the five rice varieties. The accuracy of the classification algorithm is evaluated using different metrics as mentioned in the literature.


To investigate the thermal unstable vibration caused by journal whirls with large amplitude in journal bearing, an analysis model of lubricant film thickness is established. The journal surface temperature distribution is solved, and the reason for journal surface temperature difference appearance and its influence on rotor vibration are analyzed. Taking a turbogenerator as an example, the journal surface temperature difference and the induced rotor thermal bending under synchronous whirl in the bearing are calculated. Meanwhile, an engineering vibration fault with its treatment is presented. Results show that, the journal surface circumferential temperature difference is caused by viscous shearing within lubricant film under journal whirls with large amplitude in journal bearing. The direction of temperature difference is related to the direction of unbalanced force acting on journal. The temperature difference causes rotor thermal bending, which can be converted to a thermal unbalance on the rotor. The rotor vibration is caused by both thermal and initial unbalance. When the rotor is running below or at the critical speed, the vibration is on the increase until it leads to instability of the rotor eventually. When the rotor is running above the critical speed, the rotor vibration fluctuates periodically. Reducing the initial (mechanical) unbalances decreases the rotor vibration and the journal surface circumferential temperature difference.


Tighter vetting of healthcare practitioners to determine their suitability for working with children or vulnerable adults will be proposed in a new bill to be introduced next month.


Given that much scholarly and popular attention has recently been paid to the growing influence of Latinos in the U.S. political arena, Asian American Political Participation makes a significant contribution to the literature by providing a detailed examination of political involvement among Asian Americans, now the fastest-growing racial group in the United States. Janelle Wong, S. Karthick Ramakrishnan, Taeku Lee, and Jane Junn seek to document patterns and explain why some Asian Americans participate in political life and some do not, and among those who participate, why some individuals engage in political activity such as voting while others choose to contact government officials or work within the context of community organizations. The data source for the book is the 2008 National Asian American Survey (NAAS), a nationally-representative survey (N=5,159) based on phone interviews conducted with the six largest Asian national origin groups in eight languages. The authors developed the survey with an eye toward understanding political ideologies and priorities, party identification, ethnic and racial identification, and of course, political participation. The NAAS is especially timely because it was conducted before the 2008 election, and to date, it is the best publicly available data source on the social and political life of the Asian American population. The book also draws upon the 2008 American Community Survey (ACS) and Current Population Survey (CPS) data to provide additional descriptive background information about Asian Americans. For example, Chapter Three focuses on where Asian Americans live in regards to region of the country, new immigrant destinations, concentration of Asians, as well as political geography. But by and large, the main focus of the book is the NAAS. The primary strength of Asian American Political Participation is its comprehensive, detailed, and descriptive nature. It pays attention to the historical context within which different national origin groups comprising the racial category of Asian American come to participate in politics in the United States and describes these national origin populations regarding length of time in the United States, immigrant generation, citizenship, English proficiency, and variations among Asian national origin groups' participation in five political behaviors: voting, political donations, contacting government officials, working with others in one's community to solve a problem, and protest. The authors also successfully showcase how political participation among the Asian American population as a whole differs from other racial groups by providing useful comparisons with whites, blacks, and Latinos. Theoretically, the book highlights the uniqueness of Asian Americans, and makes the important point that standard variables and models used to explain political participation do not work well when applied to the Asian American population. For example, Asian American involvement in politics is lower than one would expect based upon a resources or socioeconomic model of political participation. In other words, socioeconomic status does not automatically translate into political involvement. When looking at national origin group differences, the survey data reveal that Chinese Americans have higher average socioeconomic levels than Japanese Americans, yet Japanese Americans are more likely to vote and make political contributions, and Vietnamese Americans have the lowest average socioeconomic status but are the most likely to vote and 282 Reviews


Objective To analyze the hemodynamic characteristics of orbital cavernous hemangioma (OCH)by dynamic enhanced CT scanning and to reveal the hemodyanmie features of OCH.Method It was a retrospective case series study.21 cases with OCH presenting to Tianjin Eye Hospital from Apr,2006 to Dec, 2007 were analyzed retrospectively.They all were detected with dynamic enhanced CT seanning.AU the 21 cases were diagnostic determined by histopathology after operation.We took the plain CT scanning to reveal the position,shape,density of the tumor and the relationship between the tumor and the surrounding tissues and then we took the dynamic enhanced scarming.Among the 21 cases, 11 of which were male, 10 were female, 8 were lesioned in right eye and 13 were lesioned in left eye.Their age ranged from 15 to 56 years,averaged 43.19 years old.We used the high pressure syringe, Germany MEDTRON Injecktron 82 type, to i.v.inject 75~80 ml Omnipaque with the speed of 2.5ml/s.At 15~20s,60s, 120s, 180s,5min and 10min after the injection,we used GE Pro Speed Ⅱ double-row coiling CT scanner to observe the relationship between the distribution of the constrast agent in the tumor and the scanning time and to discover its regularity.Results The tumor showed "gradually enhanced" when it was enhanced.After injected the eonstrast agent the patients were scaned immediately.The tumors were firstly inferior or marginally enhanced with the features of punetiform, focal, nodous or plaque-like enhance.The enhanced extent dilated but the CT values lowered gradually.When they had a lot of blood vessels and less fibrous tissue on pathologic film preparation,most of their CT values advanced obviously and the rate of the "gradual enhance" were fast.Conclusion Cavernous hemangiomas are considered to be a vascular hamartoraas with low-flow vessels in the histopathology and haemodynamics.The analysis of the hemodynamic characteristics of OCH by dynamic enhanced CT scanning demonstrated its features on blood supply and distribution,and "gradual enhance" may be showed at every period of dynamic enhanced CT scanning.For this reason,dynamic enhanced CT scanning plays an important role in judging the boundary,position,depth of the tumor, hemodynamic characteristics and the relationship between the tumor and the surrounding tissue.It also helps us choose the operative approach.

Key words:
Cavernous hemangioma(OCH),Orbital; CT scanning; Dynamic enhanced CT; Oradual enhance


Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics serve as a more useful heuristic model for understanding the moral vision of the book of Proverbs than Socrates' ethical theory. While Socratic ethics provide a general guide to portions of the sapiential material, Aristotle's emphasis on the organic relationship between moral and intellectual virtues as well as the role of character in ethical decisions accounts for the variegated materials within the book as a whole. In the view of the differences between Aristotle and Socrates' ethical theory and their relationship to the book of Proverbs, Aristotle's ethics illuminate the moral dimensions of the document. Similar to Aristotle, the sages present the collaboration of character and intellect as the acme of moral development: character proves the constitutional base for the appropriation of wisdom and determines the goal of virtuous activity, while wisdom identifies the means for achieving that goal in a particular situation. This teleological thesis captures the fundamental features of sapiential ethics.


This paper outlines wireless information devices and the opportunities they open for value-added service and content providers and integrators. Howtwo-way digital cellular communication is creating a new, highly potentialchannel for various kinds of information and transactional services on a commercial basis is discussed. While the devices are used both indoors and outdoors, they also offer an ideal platform to develop traveller-related service applications that are personalised for individual users. The recent developments in enabling technologies, namely Internet, mobile Internet, small-scale operating systems, Bluetooth low-power RF linking and higher bit rate wireless data bearers prove that there is now opportunity to implement versatile products and applications for mass markets. (A*) For the covering abstract see ITRD E110327.


Data on the dependence of the viscosity of liquid dielectrics (castor oil, petroleum oil, PMS-1, 5, CCl/sub 4/, and transformer oil) on applied voltage are considered. The experimental technique used is characterized by the absence of current passage through the liquid, as one of the electrodes was isolated from it. For castor and petroleum oils, viscosity decrease with increasing electric field is observed. For the other liquids the viscosity increases with increasing voltage. The material of the active electrode greatly influenced the results.


The purpose of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of a sport education curriculum model in improving self-esteem and state sport competency. Students in the sport education group reported significant pre- to post-intervention increases in self-esteem, but not in the state sport competence. The results could be interpreted by Vealey's (1986) recommendations that the state sport competence is hypothesized to be positively related to performance orientation primarily focused in general college physical activity class, and negatively related to outcome orientation which is a core element of the SEM. However, self-esteem is positively related to outcome orientation (e.g., feelings of success, accomplishment, belongings, team affiliation, and formal competition). Similar to Wallhead and Ntoumanis' (2004) study, although a primary goal of sport education is to develop competence in sport (Siedentop, 1994), implementation of the course SEM may indirectly affect the SEM's potential for developing student skill. The lack of significant improvement in the sport education student's state sport competence might be due to the relatively short duration of the intervention and fewer opportunities for students to practice skills in badminton that is easy to play but hard to master. Further research is required to examine the potential effect on student skill development and perceptions of competence in the sport education courses.


A comparison of predicted and actual progress during the period Sept. 78 to Aug. 1979 is made. A schedule for FY 81, 82, 83, 84, and 85 is given. (MOW)


Background: Background: Patients with hematological malignancies (HM), such as multiple myeloma (MM), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), have a higher risk of secondary immunodeficiency (SID), SID-related infections and mortality, due to both the intrinsic pathophysiology of the disease and certain cancer treatments. Here, we report the results of an interim analysis from a systematic literature review on the contribution of multiple cancer treatments to SID development. Aims: Aims: To provide an overview of the cancer treatments associated with SID, including the incidence of SID and infections. Methods: Methods: This review is in accordance with PRISMA guidelines on reporting reviews of the literature. On January 19, 2022, a systematic literature search was performed using the PubMed database to search for studies that mentioned in the title and/or abstract selected cancer treatments (Figure 1). Search strings included the MeSH terms for three types of HM: CLL, MM, or NHL; types of HM that are more chronic than others. Further inclusion criteria were applied, such as: published between 2011 and 2022; English language; included humans; and labeled as a clinical trial in PubMed. As shown in Figure 1, this initial search resulted in 721 entries, which were then further refined Summary/Conclusion: This systematic literature review will help shed light on the actual proportion of patients who might develop SID due to various cancer treatments. These results highlight the importance of prophylactic treatment approaches, which aim to reduce the risk of infections due to SID in patients with HM.


A novel class of molecular clips was synthesized, which are soluble in most non-polar organic solvents. Aromatic amines and diethoxycarbonyl glycoluril were used for the first time in this type of reaction. All reaction products gave satisfying 1 H NMR, 1 3 C NMR, MS, and IR spectra. In addition, the structure and conformation of 4d were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction.


A high performance magnetically-shielded room (MSR) has been built by Imedco, to house a 4-D MEG system, containing both gradiometers and magnetometers (Vectorview). The MSR consists of three nested enclosures, each consisting of a high-permeability magnetic layer plus an aluminum layer, where special care was given to the junctions of the inner aluminum layer. Measurements of the passive shielding factor yield 1,630 (64dB), 3,600 (71dB), 240,000 (107dB) , and 78,000,000 (158dB) at frequencies of 0.01 Hz, 0.10 Hz, 1.0 Hz, and 10 Hz respectively. Thus, our room is among the very good MSRs. In addition, an active system is being developed, now yielding an extra SF of 6-10 at 0.10 Hz; this needs improvement to reduce new electric train disturbances. Also, we plan to reduce disturbances generated by the inner high-permeability layer when it is mechanically perturbed, for example by walking in the room.


This research presents the experiments and makes research on User interface design and learning of Multimedia software. An experiment has been conducted to study about the user interface design and learning. The purpose of the work reported in this work was to find out the various aspects such as Color, Design, Visual placements for developing an effective user interface design and learning. We have compared Autodesk MAYA, 3D Studio Max, Adobe photo shop, Corel draw X4 and Digital Fusion and its user interface design and its graphics etc. This research examines the usability of multimedia software improvement with the help of feedbacks. The ultimate aim of this research is to bring out the comforting level as well as satisfaction level due to the effective visuals, attractive designs and eye catching colors for multimedia software.


The present paper.covers the results of studies (including pilot plant tests) carried out by "Irgiredmet" on the thiocarbamide leaching of precious metals from ores and concentrates not amenable to cyanidation. The feed material consisted of antimonial gold concentrate from Sarylakh plant, manganous gold-silver and silver ores from Khakandzhik and Khagaktchan deposits, bismuth gold-silver and silver concentrates from Andriushinsky deposit and Dukatsky mine, A peculiarity of Sarylakh concentrate is the locking of gold in antimonite. In the ores of the Khakandzhik deposit most of the silver is locked in manganese oxide and not amenable to treatment by cyanide solutions. The refractory nature of Dukatsky concentrate is due to the presence of silver sulfides (vitreous silver, Ag3SbS3, Ag3AsS3, etc.) insoluble in NaCN. In the ores of the Khadaktchan deposit there are silver amalgams. The use of thiocarbamide instead of cyanidation allows an increase in the metal recovery and reduces the duration of the hydrome...


The automatic highlighting effect to the low Z substances is the most prominent feature of Compton backscatter imaging, which can comprise a powerful weapon to discern the explosive and drugs etc. against terrorism and contraband. The conventional backscatter imaging is to image the inspected object with a pen-shaped beam and a single large detector. In order to improve the imaging speed, we plan to acquire the backscatter image with a fan-shaped beam and a detector array (i.e. array backscatter imaging). A line of the image, instead of a pixel of the image, will be formed at a time. However, the highlighting effect to the low Z materials cannot be guaranteed in the array backscatter imaging, which is close related to the detector orientation, the detector working mode, the energy of the incident photon and so forth. This paper tries to find a solution to settle the above problem with Monte Carlo simulations and experiments.


In an effort to provide an appropriate tribute to his wonderful career, this study develops a set of themes that have been at the centre of Dave Trubek's work for decades, including development economics and the roles of law in developing countries, the structure and regulation of legal professions, debates over industrial policy and 'developmental states', old and new, and global governance. It is enthusiastically Trubekian in frame and aspiration, emphasising, as Dave has done throughout his career, the socio-legal study of the complex interplay between legal institutions, markets and governance.


Development of white striping (WS) and wooden breast (WB) in broiler breast meat have been linked to hypoxia, but their etiologies are not fully understood. This study aimed at investigating absolute expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha subunit (HIF1A) and genes involved in stress responses and muscle repair using a droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. Total RNA was isolated from pectoralis major collected from male 6-week-old medium (carcass weight ≤ 2.5 kg) and heavy (carcass weight > 2.5 kg) broilers. Samples were classified as "non-defective" (n = 4), "medium-WS" (n = 6), "heavy-WS" (n = 7) and "heavy-WS+WB" (n = 3) based on abnormality scores. The HIF1A transcript was up-regulated in all of the abnormal groups. Transcript abundances of genes encoding 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 4 (PFKFB4), lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDHA), and phosphorylase kinase beta subunit (PHKB) were increased in heavy-WS but decreased in heavy-WS+WB. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) was up-regulated in non-defective samples. The muscle-specific mu-2 isoform of glutathione S-transferases (GSTM2) was up-regulated in the abnormal samples, particularly in the heavy groups. The genes encoding myogenic differentiation (MYOD1) and myosin light chain kinase (MYLK) exhibited similar expression pattern, of which medium-WS and heavy-WS significantly increased compared to non-defective whereas expression in heavy-WS+WB was not different from either non-defective or WS-affected group. The greatest and the lowest levels of calpain-3 (CAPN3) and delta-sarcoglycan (SCGD) were observed in heavy-WS and heavy-WS+WB, respectively. Based on micrographs, the abnormal muscles primarily comprised fibers with cross-sectional areas ranging from 2,000 to 3,000 μm2. Despite induced glycolysis at the transcriptional level, lower stored glycogen in the abnormal muscles corresponded with the reduced lactate and higher pH within their meats. The findings support hypoxia within the abnormal breasts, potentially associated with oversized muscle fibers. Between WS and WB, divergent glucose metabolism, cellular detoxification and myoregeneration at the transcriptional level could be anticipated.


A CT quadrature bandpass ADC is designed for a multi-standard television receiver. When clocked at 264MHz, the ADC achieves 90dB of total DR over an 8.5MHz BW centered at 44MHz. The 4th-order 4b ADC uses a modified feedforward topology and includes 12dB of AGC. The 2.5mm2 chip consumes 375mW in a 0.18mum CMOS process


Flavone acetic acid (FAA) is a potentially useful anti-tumour agent which has been reported to induce changes in tumour vasculature, in particular loss of bloodflow. This led us to examine whether endothelium could be a cellular target of FAA action, with resultant modulation of cell-surface coagulant properties leading to activation of coagulation and blockade of tumour blood flow. Incubation of endothelium with FAA led to the expression of functional tissue factor on the cell surface, in a time-dependent and dose-dependent (half-maximal at 0.60.7 mg/ml) manner. Induction of tissue-factor activity resulted from de novo translation of the tissue factor message. To explain the selectivity of FAA's action on tumour vasculature in vivo, we considered its interaction with tumour-derived factors. Starting with serum-free FO- I-melanoma cell-conditioned medium, a co-factor enhancing FAA-mediated induction of endothelial tissue factor (FO-I factor) was partially purified by sequential ion exchange and reverse phase chromatography, followed by preparative SDS-PAGE. The FO-I factor migrates with an apparent Mr of ap-prox. 20 to 25,000 on non-reduced SDS-PAGE, is sensitive to protease K, and augments the effect of FAA on endothelial-cell-tissue factor. This activity is not found in supernatants from non-neoplastically


First of all, Allah the most merciful who has granted and blessed me in every aspect in my life. Thanks God for your blessings, guidance and mercy.
My sincere gratitude to Dr. Ibrahim Hegazy, Associate Professor, American University in Cairo; I would like to express my deepest thanks for his time and constant effort to improve this thesis.
Special thanks to Professor Galal Zaki, Lecturer, American University in Cairo, to be the second advisor for this thesis is highly appreciated.
Special thanks to Dr. Maha Mourad for her examination to this thesis. Her effort in reading and examining this material had enriched the final presentation of this study.
Special thanks to Dr Ahmed Tolba for his help in statistics, greatly appreciated.
Special thanks to all my superiors, friends and co-workers at MSA University for their assistance and support.
No words could ever express my gratitude to my family for their moral and financial support, without which I would have never been able to make it through the graduate program
To my Mother, I owe you not only this thesis, but actually every achievement in my life. You are the core of my life. God bless you and grant you health and happiness.
To my Grandfather, without your constant pushing and your believing in me, I would not have reached this step. I hope I am making you proud.
To my father and sisters, Thanks for your help, love and support.


Abstract : A program to investigate the coupling problems of high birefringence fibers was initiated. A fiber is birefringent if it has a non-circular core and/or cladding, or is subjected to anisotropic stress. Currently, the loss of fibers with embedded anisotropic stress is much lower than that with non-circular core or cladding and therefore these fibers are of interest. Central to any coupling problem is the distribution of fields in the fibers. To date, very little is known relative to the fields of polarization modes in biaxial fibers. This is the main thrust of our study. We have used a perturbation method to study the fields and dispersion of polarization modes in biaxial fibers. In our approach, the inclusion or exclusion of a term is determined by the differential equation, the boundary conditions and the symmetry of the problem, and does not rely on the prior knowledge of the fields in the fibers. The dependence of the fiber birefringence on the index differential and index anisotropy has been studied. Now that the fields in high birefringent fiber are known, the excitation of high birefringent fibers can be analyzed. Methods for studying these excitation problems are indicated and some of the results are presented.


A specific type of bismaleimide resin (BMI) was synthesized and a kind of epoxy resin was formulated to prepare Z-pins reinforced by T300 carbon fiber with diameters of 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm, respectively. Glass transition temperature (Tg) was measured by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and interlaminar shear strength of Z-pins was tested by short beam shear method. The combination force between Z-pins and laminates was characterized by a special pullout test. The adhesion force/maximum pullout force per unit area between Z-pins and laminates was compared and the combination forces between the Z-pins and laminates were characterized. The results showed that Z-pins based on BMI resin exhibited higher interlaminar reinforcement effect toward T700/5429 composite, concluding that co-bonding between Z-pins and prepreg plays an important role in reinforcing the laminated composites.


We have theoretically analysed all-optical light modulation in the recently discovered LOV2 domain of the blue-light plant photoreceptor phototropin from Avena sativa (oat), based on nonlinear intensity-induced excited-state absorption. Transmission of a cw probe laser beam at 660 nm through LOV2 can be controlled by a cw or pulsed pump laser beam at 442 nm. This modulation is sensitive to the small-signal absorption coefficient, rate constants of L-state and absorption cross-section of the ground state. It is shown that in wild-type LOV2 and its mutant LOV2-C39A, the probe beam can be completely switched by the pump laser beam of intensity 50 and 1 kW/cm 2 respectively. The switching response in LOV2 is faster (∼μs) than in other photosensitive retinal proteins. We show the applicability of the characteristics in the design of an optically-addressed spatial light modulator and an all-optical switch.


The problems facing a designer considering dynamic excitation of Bridges, either from live load or from wind, are discussed. Some approaches to the solution of such problems are suggested, and the conclusion is reached that, whilst serious instability must be avoided, it is not always necessary, desirable or indeed possible to eliminate all response. A number of specific cases of structures which showed some degree of dynamic response are discussed, and the measures necessary to limit this to acceptable magnitudes described. /Author/


The effect of seal configuration on the rate of mixing flow between the impeller cavity and the motor cavity of a Westinghouse Model 400 A pump was extended to include a configuration wherein the lower radinl bearing acts as a secondary seal. This arrangement increases the life of the motor windings; however, the life of the lower radial and thrust bearings is shortened because of inadequate cooling. (J.E.D.)


The performance of an ossicular replacement prosthesis (ORP) is influenced by its alignment and appropriate tension between the tympanic membrane and the stapes footplate. A novel ORP with a flexible element that potentially allows for length adjustment in situ is presented and tested for acoustic performance.


The total content of dry substance (DS) and readily biode gradable material (RBM) in waste streams directed to six landfill test cells were estimated. These estimates were neces sary for the evaluation of the performance of the test cells and were used to both express methane production rates on a dry matter basis, and to obtain a measurement related to acido genesis. A hierarchial description of the test cell content was used for the calculation of DS and RBM. Test cells were treated as mixtures of different waste streams, and these, in turn, were divided into composite materials, each of which was assigned values of the emphasized properties; DS and RBM. A variety of information sources (entrance registra tions, sortmgs, visual inspections and estimates of waste stream fractions) were utilized and a method, which included both matrix calculations and simulation, was developed which included the standard deviation (SD) of each fraction. In this way, SD values for the total content of DS and RBM could be quantified. Exaggerations of the SD of estimated fractions affected the results to only a limited extent since the dispersion was leveled out by the multitude of compounds. The SD of the total content of DS and RBM were, therefore, sufficiently low to produce useful results. In comparison to the moisture contents measured after the final covering of the test cells, the results indicate that the material was dried during construction.


Much of this activity is undertaken by enthusiasts whose initial commitment to the cause may exceed their initial understanding of how the systems work. This book is designed to take advantage of the enthusiasm by facilitating understanding. It does so very well indeed. The first edition has established itself as the leading handbook for human rights activists. This second edition will confirm that reputation. Its objective is to inform about processes and method rather than the substance of human rights law. It is as concerned about institutional violations as individual complaints. There is assistance with making effective use of what procedures are available in the form of a model communication and a very practical bibliography. Though the form of this edition follows much the pattern of the first, eight of the original contributors have been replaced and some of the other matters reorganised. The authority of the book comes from the practical experience and success of the authors. Its appeal arises out of their efficient accounts of human rights procedures and their realistic assessment of what might be done. There are chapters on treaty and non-treaty procedures within the UN, on the ILO and UNESCO, on regional human rights bodies, on reporting procedures, on "soft" law, on refugees and on domestic courts (largely the US ones). Although this is a book addressed primarily to practitioners, it will have some appeal to students, notably the two introductory essays by Professor Bilder and Professor Hannum himself. The value of the latter lies in its demonstration of interrelation between law and politics in the implementation of human rights standards. There is no doubt that this new edition will succeed in its ambitions as convincingly as did the first. It is quite as important in its way as the formal proceedings of the bodies whose work it describes.


Objective To summarize the experience in early diagnosis and management of the patient with cardiac trauma,and study on how to improve the survival rate by way of improve the management strategy of peri-operative.Methods The clinical date of 98 cases with cardiac trauma were divided into two groups and analyzed retrospectively.Group A was those from 1999 to 2005 and Group B was from 2006 to 2011.Cases,trauma classification,diagnosis and management and mortality were compared between two groups and processed statistically.Results Compared with the Group A,the emergency cases and trauma classifications were not significant difference in the Group B with significant decrease of mortality(P0.05).There were apparent changes in diagnosis and management in both groups.Conclusion Shortening the time between injury and treatment,strengthening first aid on the sport,promptly dignosis and operation were the keys to treat the patients with cardiac trauma.Cardiac color ultrosonography was a reliable means to make the correct diagnosis.Improve the management strategy was an effective method for improving the survival rate.


Based on the thought of drawing lessons, study and development,this paper introduces the current health sport administration organizations in Japan and then presents personal viewpoints on the popularization of China's Program for the Mass Health Building.


Study Design The lumbar pedicles of 100 adult Chinese patients were studied with computed tomography to provide data on their dimensions and angular alignment. Data obtained were compared with puslished measurements of spines from white patients to determine similerities and differences between the lumbar spines. Summary of Background Data The age range of the patients was 18 to 60 years. There were 63 men and 37 woman. There was no demonstrable sex difference for dimensions or angular alignment of the pedicles. Methods The method of scanning and measurement was standardized. Levels considered abnormal by the radiologist were excluded from the study, and a single observer was used to avoid inter-observer errors. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using Student's t-test to determine differences between men and women and left and right sides. Age differences were analyzed using the F statistic test. The pedicle inclination angle (transverse angle) and the pedicle dimensions were compared with published data of whites. Results The pedicles of Asians, when compared with those of whites, showed a similar pattern of changes with vertebral level. However, Asian pedicles had a larger pedicle inclination angle (transverse angle) from L1 to L4 (L1 = 16°, L2 = 16°, L3 = 19°, L4 = 23°), whereas L5 (29°) was similar to many series of whites. Conclusions There are differences between the lumbar pedicles of Asians and whites. Such differences need to be considered when posterior pedicle screw fixation of the spine is performed.


No consensus exists regarding the optimum treatment of benign non-toxic goitre. L-thyroxine suppressive therapy is widely used for treatment of goitre, but there is poor evidence of its efficacy, and the suppression of serum TSH may have serious adverse effects on health. Iodine supplementation is no better than L-thyr-oxine in comparative trials. Surgery is first choice in large goitres or if malignancy is suspected. Post-surgery, risk of goitre recurrence is inversely correlated with the extent of the operation. 131


I See, for example, David H. Weaver and G . Ckvcland Wilhoit, The American Journalisr (Bloomington. Ind.: Indiana University Press. 1986). p. 21: Barbara Sinclair Dcckard, 77w Womenf Movement. 3rd ed. (New York: Harper 8 Row, 1983). p. I@, Cynthia Fuchs Epstein. Women in Low (New York Basic Books. 1981). p. 53. 2 See. for example. Cen.sw of Population, Volume 2. Subject Rrporrs: Eorninxs by Occuparion and Income (Waahington. D.C.: U.S. Department of Commerce. Bureau of the Census. 1984); Deckard. op. cit.. p. 13% Weaver and Wilhoit. op. cir..


During underground excavations for civil and mining engineering purposes, the variations in mechanical properties of jointed rock mass are important, especially for the design of underground structures. The unreasonable evaluation of strength properties for rock masses can lead to the structure instability of underground construct, which subsequently causes collapse accidents in underground engineering and poses a serious threat to the structures safety. Rock mass classification system is an effective method for determining the strength parameters for rock masses. Firstly, the existing approaches for determining the strength parameters of rock masses are reviewed using classification systems such as the joint factor, jointing index methods, rock mass rating (RMR), Q-system (Q), geological strength index (GSI), and rock quality designation (RQD). Since in some cases, rock quality designation (RQD) is the only information available, a comparative study with other methods then is conducted to verify the limitation and deficiencies of RQD method. On this basis, a newly developed method from RQD classification system based on drilling special energy is established to estimate the rock mass strength. Finally, the developed method is applied in the tunnel engineering in the Daheba hydropower station in Hanjiang to the Weihe River project of China, and the results are compared with those from the previous works. The in situ test results show that the developed method can give appropriate values compared to various suggested relationships from RMR, Q, and GSI. The results can be treated as an important design reference for the prevention and treatment of surrounding rock instability and underground excavations in the Daheba hydropower station.


This paper explores drug use in the lives of female gang members. Gang researchers have traditionally neglected the roles that females play in street gangs. More recent efforts have begun to examine the social life of young women and to uncover the extent to which the women develop a subculture within a male-dominated environment. In analyzing the culture of drug use in gang life, we uncover the extent to which women use illicit drugs in a highly gendered way. We focus on the ways in which female gang members use drugs in a recreational manner, in a social setting where drug taking is normative behavior. Data for this paper are drawn from an ongoing study of street gangs in the San Francisco Bay area in which 168 female gang members were interviewed using both a quantitative and a qualitative interview schedule.


Harrogate police are appealing for information after an inflatable mascot was stolen from a motor industry event at Harrogate football club on Wetherby ...


An elevated roadways, 1.4 km long and covering 8500 m 2 , was opened to traffic in March 1998 after a construction period of 18 months.


The available statistics indicate that over 1,000,000 abortions occur in Nigeria annually, representing about 33 abortions per 1,000 women of child bearing age. It has also been asserted that illegal abortion is responsible for about 11% of maternal death in Nigeria and 50% of such deaths involve adolescents and young women. Although, it may be difficult to confirm these reports and statistics by different researchers, mainly because of the absence of official figures owing to the clandestine nature of abortion in Nigeria, there is no doubt that abortions are generally procured by women for various reasons, namely: financial and emotional inability to care for a baby; fear of rejection by partners, parents, peer groups, religious and community leaders and society if the pregnancy is discovered; as means of birth control; physical and mental reasons; if they are too young or too sick to have a baby; desire to get rid of unwanted pregnancies arising from several reasons including rape or failure of contraception, etc. Unfortunately, the state of the law on abortion in Nigeria has failed to recognize these realities thereby unwittingly encouraging illegal abortions with the attendant consequences. This paper examines the state of the law on abortion in Nigeria in comparison with * LL.M. (Abuja), LL.B. (Nig.), Barrister at Law, Director (Academics), Nigerian Law School, Abuja, formerly Commissioner, Nigerian Law Reform Commission and Special Assistant to the Honourable Attorney-General of the Federation and Minister of Justice. ** LL.M., LL.B. (Ibadan), Barrister at Law, Senior Law Research Officer, Nigerian Law Reform Commission.


ment of that institution, the advance of the PoorLaw Infirmary to its present high position as the friendly rival of the best voluntary hospitals of *o-day. Dr. Jordan, whose experience of infirmary developments at Birmingham proves him well qualified to speak, has some illuminating points to make ^vith reference to the peculiar value of a visiting 'staff, and defines within a few terse sentences that 'elusive quality commonly known as the " institutional atmosphere." He shows what this means, how it is fostered, and the best method of counteracting its influence, besides examining the part which classification has played in infirmary progress. Dr. Jordan also pays a well-deserved tribute to the really great work which the lately retired Matron, Miss Gibson, did for the nursing department during the long period, which began almost With the infirmary, that she was in control. Few 'readers of this interview will dispute Birmingham's claim to have been a pioneer in that humanising of our public hospitals which may justly be termed ^he advance of the Poor-Law Infirmary.


Enhancing the predictive quality of engine models, while maintaining an affordable computational cost, is of great importance. In this study, a phenomenological combustion and a tabulated NOx model, focusing on efficient modeling and improvement of computational effort, is presented. The proposed approach employs physical and chemical sub-models for local processes such as injection, spray formation, ignition, combustion, and NOx formation, being based on detailed tabulated chemistry methods. The applied combustion model accounts for the turbulence-controlled as well as the chemistry-controlled combustion. The phenomenological combustion model is first assessed for passenger car application, especially with multiple pilot injections and high exhaust gas recirculation ratios for low-load operating points. The validation results are presented for representative operating conditions from a single-cylinder light-duty diesel engine and over the entire engine map of a heavy-duty diesel engine. In the second part of this study, a novel approach for accurate and very fast modeling of NO formation in combustion engines is proposed. The major focus of this study is on the development of a very fast-running NO mechanism for usage in the next generation of the engine control units. This approach is based on tabulation of a detailed chemical kinetic mechanism and is validated against the detailed chemical reaction mechanism at all engine-relevant conditions with the variation in pressure, temperature, and air–fuel ratio under stationary and ramp-type transient conditions in a perfectly stirred reactor. Using this approach, a very good match to the results from calculations with the detailed chemical mechanism is observed. Finally, the tabulated NOx kinetic model is implemented in the combustion model for in-cylinder NOx prediction and compared with the experimental engine measurement data.


Over the last few years, loss functions have become increasingly important in quality assurance settings. In this paper, we develop a class of loss functions based on inversions of probability density functions and present industrial examples to illustr..


The utility model relates to a far infrared heater reflecting cover, which is formed by that a reflecting surface of a basal plate of a cover body of an existing far infrared heater reflecting cover is provided with a layer of reflecting film. The reflecting film is made of aluminium-foil paper or tin-foil paper, so the cover body is made of an iron plate or an old reflecting body. The utility model has the advantages of high temperature resistance, no deformation, moisture resistance, less oxidation and less carbonization. The dust falling on the reflecting cover can be removed by a feather duster or a blower, so the reflecting effect of the reflecting cover can be restored. Compared with the original reflecting cover made of aluminium, the manufacture cost of the utility model is decreased by 50%, and the reflection efficiency is increased by 10-20%. The utility model is also suitable for the renovation and renovation of the existing heater used in far infrared ray greenhouse.


In this paper, we consider the problem of transmit signal and receive filter design for a phase modulated continuous wave (PMCW) monostatic single-input single-output (SISO) radar system when low-resolution analog-to-digital-convertor (ADC) is used at the receiver. By applying Bussgang decomposition model, the effect of low-resolution ADC is considered in the model, and two cases of colored and white noise are investigated. In the white noise case, it is concluded that the matched filter (MF) is the best filter maximizing the signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR) of the receive filter output. In the presence of colored noise, we propose a cyclic design procedure for maximizing the output SINR. Numerical examples illustrate the superiority of the proposed method in comparison with the well-known m- sequence probing signal with matched or designed receive filter. The effect of different parameters is also verified.


Alexithymia is psychosomatic phenomenon and this word was first coined by Sifneos (1973). He described it as scarcity in understanding, processing, or describing emotions. Alexithymia is a broad personality dimension having a cognitive and affective domain, which involves difficulty in recognition and identification of feelings, fantasizing and emotionalizing these feelings associated with bodily sensations of emotional arousal (Bermond et al., 2007). There are various facets of alexithymia such as behavioural, physiological and neurological on which alexithymia has been tested by focusing on individual and cultural differences (Kano & Fukudo, 2013).Alexithymia is emotional blindness and to measure this emotional blindness through a valid and reliable tool is a very controversial task. Several measures have been developed for the measurement of this construct including self-report scales (MMPI Alexithymia by Kleiger & Kinsman, 1980) and Schalling-Sifneos Personality Scales (Apfel & Sifneos, 1979) but, these scales were not considered as valid and reliable measure of alexithymia, therefore were not much empirically supported.The need for alexithymia scale was accomplished by development of Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) comprising of 20 items developed by Taylor, Bagby, and Parker (1997). They defined alexithymia on the basis of these underlying features: (a) Experiencing difficulty in identification of feelings and the associated physiological changes in the body; (b) Difficultly in the expression of emotions; (c) Constricted imagination coupled with devoid of fantasies and; (d) Externally oriented thinking style due to lack of introspective awareness. TAS-20 is considered as the most famous scale among all the other measurements of alexithymia. Research work indicated that it is a highly valid and reliable scale (Bagby, Parker & Taylor 1994). Trajanovic, Djuric, Latas, Milovanovic, and Djuric (2013) claimed that it is translated in more than 20 languages in order to validate it across cultural and language obstacles. He proposed it as a universal trait. This scale shows Alexithymia as a multidimensional construct as it comprises of three factors. These three factors are completely separate factors but, empirically related depicting difficulty in identifying feelings, difficulty in describing feelings, and externally oriented thinking patterns such as fantasizing feelings.The TAS-20 has been replicated for many samples such as students, clinical and different communities in different languages, for example, German, Hindi, Italian, Korean, Lithunain and Swedish etc. (Bach, Bach, de Zwaan, & Serim, 1996; Bressi et al., 1996; Lee, Rim, & Lee, 1996; Pandey, Mandal, Taylor, & Parker, 1996; Simonsson-Sarnecki et al., 2000). In these studies, TAS-20 was translated by using back translation method and its three factor structure was tested through confirmatory factor analysis. Most of these studies confirmed its three factor structure but, few studies failed to achieve this consistency especially, in the third factor (Simonsson-Sarnecki, et al., 2000). While translating TAS-20 in English language Taylor, Bagby and Parker (2003) reported low internal consistency of the third factor. The lowest Cronbach Alpha value for factor three ranged from .34 to .68 for different translations. They claimed that the third factor of TAS-20 has a large number of items, which can negatively influence an internal reliability of whole scale. This factor has more negative scoring items and these negative items can change the meaning during translation process or can be influenced by true cultural differences. The third factor assesses individuals mental processes especially reduced fantasy and imaginal activity indirectly and these processes are difficult to measure through self-report tools (Parkera, Taylorb, Bagbyc, 2003). Nevertheless, there is pertinent literature available claiming the three factor structure of the TAS-20 as a stable and replicable scale across clinical and nonclinical populations (Bagby, et al. …


We show that the proofs of Gill as well as of Gill, Weihs, Zeilinger and Zukowski contain serious mathematical and physical deficiencies which render them invalid.


The concept of indoor location positioning has been around for decades now. Despite the existence of many algorithms that can achieve location positioning with remarkable performance in terms of accuracy, implementation of such algorithms has not been done on a large scale. There is a trade-off between the positioning accuracy and the complexity of the algorithm. This paper introduces and explains a method that is lightweight in terms of complexity and cost which can be used to perform indoor location positioning. The proposed algorithm does not require a radiomap or a server, which makes it suitable for systems with limited processing power such as mobile nodes, drones, and small autonomous intelligent machines.


The present study focuses on the Tourism Units that are part of the Gads of the province of Los Rios.

In the first instance identifying what the Tourism Units are, due to the broad definitions, in this case we study such as departments, offices or tourism areas, in charge of the planning of all the tourist activities of the cantons, controlling through the laws implemented, and with the correct uses of existing resources.

If there are these departments, the degree of responsibility is required for the projection of works in conjunction with other authorities that have the duty to publicize all the existing resources of a demanded area or specified place.


This paper presents parallel reconfigurable hardware implementations of the Serpent (AES Finalist) cryptographic algorithm. Currently, Serpent is well known to be a simple but very strong encryption algorithm. The use of such an algorithm within critical applications, such as banking and military, requires efficient and highly reliable hardware implementation. We will stress the affordability of such requirements by analyzing and evaluating parallel Serpent implementations using static and dynamic reconfigurable systems. The used systems are the MorphoSys dynamically reconfigurable computer and The RC-1000 statically reconfigurable system from Celoxica Ltd with its 2 million gates Xilinx Virtex-E FPGA. In this paper, different designs for the Serpent corresponding to different Degrees of parallelism are presented. Moreover, implementation, realization, and performance analysis and evaluation of the mapped designs are included.


The present article traces the trajectory of the woman Amazonian who arrives to desire the dream of working in Industrial Pole of Manaus and confronts with the suffering at work that starts from the selective process until the observation that is the victim of harassment. For both sought to know as if expresses the adaptation to organizational context of women originated from rivers of Amazon State to the Manaus City in search of employment. Are demonstrated in this work forms of Mobbing and sexual harassment, to which they are subject these women. According to the results obtained by application of questionnaires in 30 women Amazonian in search of a better quality of life, it was identified that in addition to the suffering found in victims of mobbing and Sexual harassment, there is evidence of previous sexual assaults that were frustrated, and that generate the moral harassment. Such findings become topics to be researched and even confirmed through other methods of behavioral sciences that deal with human suffering, because this theme is never exhausted and always will be necessary for understanding mainly on prevention of mobbing and improvement in occupational health and quality of life at work for the follow-up search.


Factors determining the variability of air-pulse pressure to determine the thresholds of laryngeal-pharyngeal reflexes, which are related to swallowing and airway protection, were explored. Potential factors affecting the reproducibility of air-pulses were experimentally evaluated and included in a multiple linear regression model. A novel device controlling these factors and minimizing variability was designed. Its reproducibility was assessed by the coefficient of variation (CV) of the pressures and duration of air-pulses, and its validity was assessed by comparing obtained pressures and durations with desired pressures and durations. Differences in the pressures of airpulse categories were assessed by a one-way ANOVA of repeated measures, a Tukey test and a box and whisker plot. The distance and angle between the exit of the tube conducting the pulses and the surface to be impacted, the diameter of the tube, the feeding pressure of the system, and the duration of air-pulses significantly affected the accuracy of air-pulses. The novel device incorporated electronic valves and a telemeter for use during the fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing. The differences between the desired and obtained pressures and durations were below 3%. The CV of the air-pulse pressures of the novel device was 0.02. The CV of air-pulse duration was 0.05. The oneway ANOVA, Tukey test and box and whisker plot showed that the outlet pressures of air-pulse categories had statistically significant differences between them without overlap between categories, which helps to obtain an accurate threshold.


To initiate resistance switching phenomena, it is usually necessary to apply a strong electric field to a sample. This forming process poses very serious obstacles in real nanodevice applications. In unipolar resistance switching (URS), it is well known that the forming originates from soft dielectric breakdown. However, the forming in bipolar resistance switching (BRS) is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the forming processes in Pt/Ta2O5/TaOx/Pt and Pt/TaOx/Pt nanodevices, which showed BRS and URS, respectively. By comparing the double- and single-layer systems, we were able to observe differences in the BRS and URS forming processes. Using computer simulations based on an 'interface-modified random circuit breaker network model', we could explain most of our experimental observations. This success suggests that the BRS forming in our Pt/Ta2O5/TaOx/Pt double-layer system can occur via two processes, i.e., polarity-dependent resistance switching in the Ta2O5 layer and soft dielectric breakdown in the TaOx layer. This forming mechanism can be used to improve the performance of BRS devices. For example, we could improve the endurance properties of Pt/Ta2O5/TaOx/Pt cells by using a small forming voltage.


The LHC will open up a new regime in high energy physics. The resultant greatly expanded discovery reach makes it incumbant on LHC experimenters to be prepared for discoveries, even in the very early days. To that end a variety of Standard Model processes must be validated in any LHC experiment in order to establish that the responses of the detector are well understood.


In the preceding paper NAGAKI, YAMASHITA and SATO7) have shown that the magnitude of response of the chorda tympani nerve of cats to taste stimuli was, in most cases, greatest when the temperature of taste solutions was at about 30•Ž or at the temperature of the tongue. In this study, however, the temperature of the tongue was not controlled accurately, but only the temperature of solutions was changed. Consequently, both thermal and taste responses were included in the chorda tympani response, and the magnitude of taste response at various temperatures had to be estimated by subtracting the thermal response from the whole chorda tympani response to a taste solution at any temperature. In the present study the tongue had been adapted to a certain temperature before taste stimulations were performed in order to eliminate the thermal response and to measure only the magnitude of taste response. This method of preadapting the tongue to a temperature similar to that of stimulating solution, adopted previously by ABBOTT1) on rats, has enabled us to work out the relationship between the taste response of the chorda tympani and temperature more accurately than did the previous experiment. The results of the present experiment confirm those of the previous study, showing that the greatest taste response is obtained at about 30•Ž for four kinds of taste solutions.


[...]recent advances in digital transformation, such as artificial intelligence, machine learning and big data, have fueled the proliferation of digital marketing practices. [...]Oh and Yi (2022) focus on measuring consumer sentiments at the feature level and show their asymmetric impacts on overall product ratings. Specifically, they find that the positive and negative contributions of product attribute performance can change over time. [...]for the same amount of change, the positive and negative reviews of specific attributes will have different degrees of influence on the overall product evaluation.


Whether an enterprise's internal control environment is effective or not can decide its internal control efficiency and effect.This paper suggests that the internal control environment includes the subject environment inside the enterprise and the restrained environment outside it,and it also sets up an index system of internal control environment,including two tiers of enterprise self-assessment and evaluation of outside environment.At last,the paper uses mathematic model of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to evaluate the internal control environment.


The locality of São Desidério (Western Bahia State Brazil) is the subject of several technical and political discussions. Its karst congregates a rich speleological heritage with many peculiar features and a significant relationship with the hydrologic dynamics of the São Francisco River Basin. Nevertheless, the area remains poorly studied and suffers the impact of expanding economic activities. Large galleries, chambers and subterranean lakes, rare speleothemes, unusual sinking streams and springs, siphons, atypical cyclic variations of the water level and a long subterranean REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ESPELEOLOGIA RBEsp Revista Brasileira de Espeleologia, Volume 2 – Número 1 – Ano 2012 14 river are some of the most important characteristics of this karst area, which are critically threatened by agriculture and the infrastructure necessary to its development.


Dislocation of the Chopart joint is uncommon and only a few reports have appeared in the literature. We are reporting a very rare case of planter dislocation of the Chopart joint without fracture. The patient was forty-eight years old, who was injured by traffic accident. Roentgenogram showed plantar dislocation of the Chopart joint. Reduction was done by manual closed method. There are slight osteoarthritic changes now.


This article consists of a collection of slides from the author's conference presentation on Mindspeed's Transcede product line and the migration from 2G to 4G next generation networking. Some of the specific topics discussed include: system architecture evolution to the evolved packet core; mobile broadband architecture; silicon and system architecture innovations; processor system specifications and data level parallelism; mobile data links standards development; and key innovatoins in multicore processing.


Not so long ago, Poland was one of the European countries which lacked a research centre which would support museum institutions. Meeting numerous needs, the National Museum in Cracow (NMC) had been sharing the resources of its Laboratory with other museum institutions. This is how the National Centre for Research on Heritage (hereafter the Centre) was founded. Relying on equipment and specialists from the NMC Laboratory, the Centre offers multilateral research on objects and collections to Polish museum institutions. It organises contests which all Polish museums may apply to with their research projects. The Centre focuses on three main activities. Firstly, it carries out technological projects comprising the composition and features of materials used to make works of art. Secondly, there are projects linking technological research with analyses of the state of preservation and environmental conditions in order to safeguard works or sets of art or which are particularly culturally valuable. The third activity consists in joint interdisciplinary expertise with external research units. The Centre has also undertaken its own longterm programme of research into managing the protection of collections in a sustainable and effective way. Within the


The number of surviving medieval seal matrices of corporate bodies in Europe is much smaller than that of individuals. There were far fewer institutions and corporations using a seal, and even fewer such ecclesiastical or secular institutions which continued to exist from medieval times until the nineteenth century. However, the institutional seals were more likely to be preserved through the centuries. The use of the seal of an individual was limited to his lifetime and, after his death, the object was destroyed (e.g. broken in half) or deformed (e.g. by removing the owner's name or the entire legend).1 (There were some exceptions, for example when a son of the same name continued to use his father's seal.2) The seals of towns, institutions and corporations, in contrast, stayed in use for a longer time, sometimes even for centuries. Naturally, a corporate body could acquire a new seal over the course of time,3 but there was not always a need or money to do so.


The journal preceded the Society and its early success was a catalyst in the Society's founding. Professor McGuinness moved to the University of California-Davis Campus from the University of Wisconsin in 1964. He and Professor Hopkins chose to cooperate rather than compete by lobbying their administration for funds to start a new journal for eighteenth-century studies. Two unknown, untenured assistant professors do not usually have the clout to take on grandiose projects, particularly when a similar project in North Carolina had just failed after a dean was replaced. McGuinness was both brash enough and persuasive enough to succeed in getting funding.


Starting from 3,3'-spirobi-5-bromomethyltetrahydrofuranone-2 (2) the amino derivatives 3a--g were obtained. The pharmacological examination showed that the new compounds are deprived of the hypnotic activity characteristic for 3,3'-spirobi-5-methyltetrahydrofuranone-2 (2) and behaved in most tests as tranquillizers.


The solution of the convected acoustic wave equation is presented for a circular lined duct, which is of special interest in turbofan engine noise control. The non-homogenous solution is here studied in terms of the Green's functions for a point source. Therefore, the main goal of this work is to derive and compare the Green's function by using two analytical methods: the Spectral Expansion and the Wavenumber Transform. The Spectral Expansion method for a lined duct has recently been derived using a formulation that is similar to the classical hard wall case. This formulation has the advantage that the continuity of the Green's function in the plane of the source is explicitly satisfied. For the Wavenumber Transform method in conjunction with the theory of residues to solve the inverse transform, it is shown that the solution requires the same eigenproperties as in the Spectral Expansion approach. However, the continuity of the Green's function computed from the Wavenumber Transform is not explicitly imposed. Using both methods, the Green's functions for two cases were computed and presented as numerical results. The first case consists of a hard wall duct with flow for different frequencies. This case was investigated as a simple check of the formulations since, as expected, they lead to the same solution. The second case consists of a soft wall duct with the same flow speed. Comparison of the two methods shows that the shape of the Green's function is the same in both approaches, but the magnitudes become different as the frequency increases. Also, for high frequencies and Mach numbers, the continuity condition is difficult to achieve by using the Wavenumber Transform method.


Background: Patients (pts) with relapsed/refractory AML have dismal outcomes with currently available chemotherapy regimens. Preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that the use of hypomethylating agents such as decitabine prior to standard chemotherapy may be synergistic (Qin et al. Clin Can Res 2007; Scandura et al. Blood 2011; Clozel et al. Cancer Discov 2013).

Methods: Pts aged ≥18 to 65 years with relapsed or refractory AML (up to salvage 2) were eligible. Prior therapy with hypomethylating agents was allowed. The chemotherapy regimen was as follows:

| | Dose | Days |
| ---------------------- | ----------- | -------------------------------------------------------- |
| INDUCTION | | |
| Decitabine | 20 mg/m2 IV | Days 1-5 |
| Clofarabine | 15 mg/m2 IV | Days 6-9 (Dose level 1) Days 6-10 (Dose level 2) |
| Idarubicin | 10 mg/m2 IV | Days 6-8 |
| Cytarabine | 1 gm/m2 IV | Days 6-10 |
| CONSOLIDATION | | |
| Decitabine | 20 mg/m2 IV | Days 1-5 |
| Clofarabine | 15 mg/m2 IV | Days 6-8 |
| Idarubicin | 8 mg/m2 IV | Days 6-7 |
| Cytarabine | 1 gm/m2 IV | Days 6-8 |

Table

Results: Eighteenpts (female, n=4) have been treated so far. Median age was 43 years (range 20-61). Majority of the pts (10/18, 56%) were in salvage 2. Four had a prior allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT). Cytogenetics were diploid (n=4), complex (n=11), 11q abnormality (n=2), trisomy 8 (n=1). Five pts had a TP53 mutation and 3 pts had an NRAS mutation. Median number of cycles administered was 1 (range 1-2). Grade 3-4 non-hematological toxicity included grade 3 mucositis (DLT) in 2 pts during the induction cycle. Due to mucositis and prolonged cytopenias (prolonged cytopenias didn't meet the DLT definition), dose level 2 was not pursued, and all patients were treated at dose level 1. Grade 3 transaminitis was seen in 4 pts. Fifteen pts had one or more infections. Six (33%) pts achieved CR, of whom 5 were able to proceed to SCT (one pt with CR opted not to pursue SCT). Median time to CR was 35 days. An additional 3 pts had a >50% decrease in bone marrow blast count (marrow response) and all three proceeded with SCT. All 4 patients with diploid cytogenetics achieved CR. Only 1/5 (20%) patients with mutated TP53 achieved a CR. Two patients have relapsed (one 3 months after SCT and the other after consolidation cycle 1). Six patients are alive (4 after stem cell transplant, 2 are receiving further salvage regimens after DAC-CIA failure). Median survival of the entire group is 7.2 months (see [figure 1][1]).

Conclusions: The sequential treatment of decitabine followed by chemotherapy is safe and effective with a CR rate of 33% and with 8/18 patients able to proceed to an allogeneic SCT. The phase II part of the study is enrolling patients at this time.

![FIGURE 1][2]

FIGURE 1

Disclosures Off Label Use: Decitabine and clofarabine are not approved for AML..

 [1]: #F1
 [2]: pending:yes


N,N -dimethylformamide (DMF) is a polar solvent termed the universal organic solvent because of its extensive miscibility with water and most common organic solvents. Often used in a variety of industrial processes, for example production of synthetic fibers, synthetic leather, polyurethane resin, surface coatings and obtaining pharmaceuticals products; DMF has high dipole moment (µ = 3,24 D) and high dielectric constant (? = 36,71 a 25°C). N,N -dimethylformamide is a common solvent for chemical reactions; on the other hand, can be utilized as precursor for various units ( -CHO, -CO, -NMe 2 , -CONMe 2 , - O, etc) due to its structure. DMF has been employed as dehydrating agent, as a source for a reducing agents, as ligand in the preparation of metallic complexes and as catalyst. Indeed, DMF has played an important role in organic synthesis.


Abstract The self-diffusion coefficients for five liquid melts (Li, Na, K, Hg and Pb) are calculated using the various long-range oscillatory (LRO) pair potentials, with the aid of the linear-trajectory approximation and the small-step diffusion model. The friction coefficient ζSH arising from correlations between hard and soft forces is small in comparison with the hard part ζH or the soft part ζS. Further, the temperature dependence of the self-diffusion coefficients at constant pressure and constant volume is calculated in the case of liquid Na. Adequate agreement with experiment is obtained.


A preliminary feasibility study was performed to determine whether fracture surface topography analysis (FRASTA), a newly developed fractographic technique that has proved effective in solving fracture problems is applicable to polymeric materials. To accomplish this objective, the fracture surfaces of an extruded and a compression-molded polyethylene specimen were quantified and the FRASTA procedure was applied. The fracture process was reconstructed in microscopic detail, and striking differences were observed in the two materials. The extruded material, an actual pipe section, fractured by the nucleation, growth, and coalescence of voids in a well-defined zone ahead of the crack front and the subsequent stretching and rupture of the ligament between the zone and the crack tip. Crack propagation occurred by the repetitive process of zone formation and mergence with the crack tip, and resulted in regularly spaced striations on the fracture surfaces. In contrast, void activity in the compression-molded material occurred more randomly in a wider, less well-defined zone ahead of the crack tip. Deformation characteristics varied significantly with location, and void coalescence did not occur as readily. The fracture surfaces showed no regular pattern. The work clearly demonstrated the applicability of FRASTA to polymers and suggests that the technique can be usedmore » to address fracture problems in structural components made from polymers and polymer-based composites.« less


The Committee draws attention to the difficulties involved in making a reasonably reliable forecast concerning the supply of and demand for graduates of the Schools of Social Work and Public Administration, as the conditions concerning measures taken by Local Authorities, the degree of activity within these occupations, the applications from students etc., on which the forecasts are based, can change as the years go by. '1 he Committee has, therefore, to a great extent been compelled to base its proposals on a more general assessment of future developments.


A new method for amplitude and phase measurements of time harmonic microwave signals is presented. By means of a harmonic mixer the HF signal is mixed down to an IF frequency, sampled and then processed digitally in a minicomputer. As the IF signal is processed digitally it is not necessary that the IF frequency is fixed, which means the local oscillator need not be phase locked. The accuracy of the analyzer depending on the signal-to-noise ratios of the test and reference signals is considered. With the aid of a special signal processing hardware amplitude and phase can be measured at a few hundred frequencies per second. Finally a simple version of the analyzer using a two-channel sampling oscilloscope is shown.


Image Enhancement is one of the most important and difficult techniques in image research. The aim of image enhancement is to improve the visual appearance of an image, or to provide a better transform representation for future automated image processing. Many images like medical images, satellite images, aerial images and even real life photographs suffer from poor contrast and noise. It is necessary to enhance the contrast and remove the noise to increase image quality. One of the most important stages in medical images detection and analysis is Image Enhancement techniques which improves the quality (clarity) of images for human viewing, removing blurring and noise, increasing contrast, and revealing details are examples of enhancement operations. The enhancement technique differs from one field to another according to its objective. The existing techniques of image enhancement can be classified into two categories: Spatial Domain and Frequency domain enhancement. Thus the contribution of this paper is to classify and review image enhancement processing techniques. Image enhancement improves the interpretability or perception of information in images. For automated image processing system it provides better input. It helps scrutinize background information that is essential to understand object behavior without requiring manual inspection. Due to low contrast image enhancement becomes challenging and also objects cannot be extracted clearly from dark background. Images with object and background having similar color fail here. The existing techniques of image enhancement can be classified into two types: Spatial based domain image enhancement and Frequency based domain image enhancement. Spatial based domain image enhancement act on pixels directly. Frequency based domain image enhancement is a term used to describe the analysis of mathematical functions or signals with respect to frequency and operate directly on the image - transform coefficients. Commonly used transform co-efficient are Fourier Transform (FT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT). The basic idea is to enhance the image by manipulating the transform coefficients. Spatial domain methods can again be divided into two sections: Point Processing operation and spatial filter operations. Traditional image enhancement method enhances low quality image where the back ground information are lost in the darker region. In this case whatever technique we apply, information cannot be retrieved from darker back ground. Image Smoothing, Image Sharpening, filtering are some of the commonly used frequency domain enhancement techniques. In this paper we focus on both spatial and frequency image enhancement techniques.


PURPOSE: A pretreatment system and a method for manufacturing substrate for ethanol fermentation from cellulose biomass are provided to efficiently separate carbohydrate for ethanol generation from cellulose biomass by extruding reaction products in highly expanded state to a low temperature and low pressure separation tank. CONSTITUTION: A pretreatment system and a method for manufacturing substrate for ethanol fermentation comprises a reactor(10), a separation tank(11), and a micro nozzle(12). In the reactor, acid or alkaline solution, and carbon dioxide are injected to the cellulose-based biomass powder sample, and reaction under high temperature and high pressure is reacted. Inside the separation tank is maintained to low temperature and low pressure. The micro nozzle can separate carbohydrate from the cellulose-based biomass by spraying reactant of high temperature and high pressure generated from the reactor into the separation tank.


Since the commitment in 1998 the double circuit transmission lines Tablazo-Cuatricentenario 400 kV, crossing the Maracaibo Lake, it has been exposed to the adverse influences of a lacustrine-marine atmosphere, increased by industrial activity and the presence of birds, which causes an incipient and quick deterioration of all the components of the lines. In view of these circumstances the project "Adapting and improving the 400 kV Transmission Line in its Course Across the Maracaibo Lake" began, following the methodology of project management processes (PMP) of CVG EDELCA; in order to give an integral solution to the problem of the lines for the next 20 years. Phase 2 of "alternatives analysis" concludes in that the best technical option is the installation of submarine cables, and the second option is to carry out maintenance and improvements of the lines, including covering of the metallic structure


The universal algorithms of defining compatibility between electroblasting chain parameters of blasting device are developed; the algorithms provide failure-free performance of the system. The implementation of developed algorithms helps to automate the calculating systems of blast firing electrical initiation and to make a required analysis of possible variations and then chose the most optimal one for certain blasting conditions.


Questionnaire survey and log sheet analysis on crop protection were carried out to clarify the recent situation of agrochemical application work in the large-scale upland farming in Tokachi region.1. Seventy percent of boom sprayers were tractor mounted type. They were mainly used in diversified dairy and upland farmers and full time small-scale upland farmers. The typical tank capacity on mounted sprayer was 800 to 1, 500L and the boom width was 13 to 18m. Trailed and self-propelled sprayers were used by 30% of upland farmers with over 40ha. The capacities of the tanks of these sprayers were 3, 000 to 5, 000L with boom width 20 to 30m.2. Ninety two percent of farmers were concerned about insects and proper timing of agrochemical applications. More than half of farmers were concerned about rain and wind condition. This indicated their concern over uniformity of spraying and spray drift onto other nontarget adjoining species.3. The highest application was for potato with 4-13 times and 5-25 days of total application work. Sugar beets received the second highest application with 3-8 times and total work of 3-13 days. Those for beans were 2-9 times and 2-16 days, and 1-8 times and 3 to as long as 23 days for wheat.4. The survey results showed that about 4 days were for herbicide application in May. Peak use was in June to August with 6-8 days for application of fungicides and insecticides. One day was used for herbicide and fungicide applications on wheat during September to November. The average of total application was 28 times per year, and 34 days of operation.5. The ratio of workable days for spraying was one in four days. Despite of overlaps with other farm tasks, there were only 2 suitable days in May due to the strong wind. The ratio increased to 58-65% during June to August because of the moderate climate.6. Drift-less nozzle and air-assisted sprayer should be used in order to minimize the influence of the wind.


The teaching and learning process is a communication process that undergoes and changes to develop an interactive-based learning model, with the use of learning media being part of learning resources which is a combination of software (learning materials) and hardware (learning tools). Media can foster positive attitudes in students and transform the role of teachers in a more positive and productive direction. According to Reigeluth (1999), in supporting the learning process there are three learning variables, namely variables of learning conditions, methods, and variables of learning outcomes. Knowledge in historical teaching materials to Vocational Middle School Students, a teacher not only teaches theory but also through practice, like playing Ludo games. By learning to use game teaching, ludo in history learning can be a capital for teachers to act as an evaluation stage in measuring students' ability to be able to improve their thinking power through HOTS questions. The need to increase critical thinking in students, because of the enormous influence of critical thinking in improving student learning so that the results are good and following what is expected by teachers in schools. Bayer (1995), "Reasonable critical thinking." Critical thinking is useful for studying the validity of the form (statements, ideas, arguments, research, etc.).


An orally available third generation thiosemicarbazone and activator of mutant forms of the p53 protein, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, mutant p53 activator COTI-2 targets and binds to the misfolded mutant forms of the p53 protein, which induces a conformational change that normalizes p53 and restores its activity. This induces apoptosis in tumor cells in which the p53 protein is mutated. In addition, COTI-2 inhibits the activation of Akt2 and prevents the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, thereby inducing apoptosis in cancer cells in which this pathway is overexpressed. p53, a tumor suppressor protein, plays a key role in controlling cellular proliferation and survival. High levels of mutant p53 are seen in many cancers and are associated with uncontrolled cellular growth.


After initial consultation with staff at the Northern Territory Department of Family and Children's Services and discussions with public libraries in the Territory, it was decided to create a generic protocol for dealing with unsupervised children that could be customised by each library. This allows libraries to accommodate unique elements of their area (vital, given how remote some libraries are), their different customer bases and the limited external services available to assist with any problems. The procedure and protocol is a guide for staff to follow and it is a useful tool for management when dealing with the parents of an unaccompanied child.


The quenching of ferrous alloys implies the controlled extraction of heat from a part at a rate sufficient to harden the part and still control the desired dimensional limitations. Quenchants in common use today are: molten metals, molten salts, petroleum oils, polymer solutions, water, and salt/water solutions. Each type of quenchant has its benefits and limitations. With current waste legislation and the trends toward environmentally friendlier industrial working fluids, many of these quenching products are coming under close scrutiny by the users and legislators. The most widely used quenchant is petroleum oil due to its favorable heat extraction characteristics. The dependence upon imports, price vulnerability, and contamination potential have caused suppliers and users to look into alternative products. Research into renewable resource, non-petroleum, vegetable oils has been going on globally for several years. The drawbacks encountered with many vegetable oils were widely known and only years of research enabled them to be overcome. The presently formulated product not only performs as well as petroleum oil but shows some characteristics better than those of the petroleum products, especially in the biodegradability and ecological aspects of the products. Stability and reproducible quenching properties have been proven with over two and one halfmore » years of field testing.« less


Abstract. In this study, we present a series of high resolution Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) measurements monitoring two artificially induced infiltration pulses into two different sands with dual-frequency ground-based GPR. After the application of the second infiltration pulse, the water table in the subsoil was raised by pumping in water from below. The longterm relaxation of the system was then monitored over the course of several weeks. We focused on the capillary fringe reflection and on observed variations in soil water content as derived from direct wave travel times. We discuss the advantages of this dual-frequency approach and show the attainable precision in longterm monitoring of such relaxation processes. Reaching a relative precision of better than 0.001 [–] in water content, we can clearly discern the relaxation of the two investigated sands.


In the process of social regulation in a transfer society,information asymmetry among three parties,i.e.regulation agencies,enterprises and publics,is widely witted.Principal-agent theory and imperfect information game model are used to explore such circumstances in order to maximize social welfare and enhance regulation efficiency.


Four different PBAs, namely Na2Ni[Fe(CN)6], Na2VOx[Fe(CN)6], Na2Cr[Fe(CN)6], and NaXMn[Mn(CN)6] were prepared by electrochemical deposition and characterized. The Na-intercalation mechanisms were studied in-depth using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. A hypothetical model for the mechanism in aqueous and non-aqueous media was proposed and verified for different intercalation systems. Model battery systems based on PBA electrodes were optimized, and their battery performances were tested.


In this paper, we consider the numerical solution of a kind of nonlinear reaction diffusion equations, which describe many important models in the fields of physics, biology and chemistry. A meshless method based on the method of approximate particular solutions (MAPS) and Radial Basis Functions (RBFs) is proposed. Numerical results are compared with the exact solutions and the results of some other proposed methods to confirm the truth of the accuracy and effectiveness of the algorithm. From the numerical examples we can see that the errors are small and the profiles are similar.


Summary

Many different surgical procedures have been described to alleviate nasal obstruction due to turbinate hypertrophy in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) who continuously have chronic nasal congestion. The goal of surgical procedures should be 'optimal reduction of volume and secretion with preservation of function'. For a period of about 25 years, laser surgery of the inferior turbinate has been considered a simple and effective surgical treatment with a low complication rate that has been in widespread use by many ENT surgeons. Various trials have demonstrated the clinical effectiveness of a series of different laser systems including carbon dioxide, Nd:YAG, potassium-titanyl-phosphate, and diode laser. Laser surgery generally induces significant increases of the total volume of the nasal cavity. Several studies have provided evidence that the expression degree of local inflammatory cytokines and chemical mediators can be attenuated by the treatment. The mucociliary function of the inferior turbinate seems to be preserved after CO2 laser intervention. A breakthrough in the surgical procedures available for allergic patients who severely suffer from both intractable hypertrophic inferior turbinates and unregulated nasal secretion was introduced in Japan. Posterior nasal neurectomy is a novel alternative method in which neural bundles are selectively cut or cauterized from the sphenopalatine foramen. Resection of the posterior nasal nerve at this point enables surgeons to inhibit the parasympathetic nerve function of the nasal mucosa with no troublesome complications such as decrease of lacrimal secretion. The procedure simultaneously provides interruption of the somatic afferent innervation to the turbinate mucosa. Herein we assess the clinical effectiveness of this surgical procedure based on objective and measurable monitoring parameters and discuss the underlying therapeutic mechanisms.


For pt.II see ibid., vol.13, p.451 (1983). The results of a series of neutron small-angle scattering measurements on ferromagnetic CrFe alloys close to the critical concentration for ferromagnetism (cF) have been analysed to yield the concentration and temperature dependence of the magnetic inverse correlation range, kappa 1(c,T). It is found that kappa 1 does not go to zero at Tc, but varies as (c-cF)((T-TC)/TC)nu + kappa R where nu =1.2+or-0.1. At low temperatures the alloys showed significant long-range inhomogeneity in the ferromagnetic correlations; this became more pronounced as the concentration approached cF. These features are discussed in relation to the other complex magnetic properties of these highly disordered ferromagnets.


.e aim of this study was to investigate the clinical value of positron emission tomography/computerized tomography scanning (PET/CT) in the evaluation of the effect of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of T lymphoblastic lymphoma. 12 relevant research articles were collected through layer-by-layer screening in large databases such as Pubmed, Baidu Scholar, and China How Net, and analyzed and summarized using indicators such as progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), hazard ratio (HR), maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max), total metabolic tumor volume (TMTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and β2-microglobulin (β2-MG). .e results showed that before treatment, F-FDG PET/CT baseline diagnosis could accurately stage the patients; during treatment, F-FDG PET/CTdetection could provide effective treatment information; and after treatment, complications were found during F-FDG PET/CTdetection. In summary, F-FDG PET/CT can monitor and evaluate treatment prognosis at baseline, middle, and late stages, and F-FDG PET/CT has become an indispensable and important examination technique in clinical work.


Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is traditionally practised in parts of Africa, the Middle East and South‐East Asia. Migration has brought FGM/C to the attention of health practitioners in industrialised nations. It is not known whether FGM/C procedures are being performed in Australia and New Zealand, where legislation has been passed banning the practice.


We may understand natural science as part of the attempt by human beings to understand themselves and their place in the world in which they find themselves. In this sense, as Karl Rahner has suggested, natural science flows naturally into anthropology. Consciously or unconsciously, science is always part of the drive to self-understanding. In an age of religious pluralism like ours, Christian faith in Asia is also brought face to face with the living reality of other religions, and that, too, cannot but affect how we understand our shared humanity.


The present invention provides an LHRH antagonist derivative, as represented by Formula (I), modified at position 5 and 6 by water soluble groups and water-soluble vitamins, the preparation method thereof, and applications thereof in preparing contraceptive medicines and medicines for treating sex hormone-related diseases. Also provided are stereoisomers, solvates, or physiologically non-toxic salts of the LHRH antagonist derivative as represented by Formula (I), and pharmaceutical compositions comprising said compounds. The LHRH antagonist derivative of the present invention maintains the activity of the original antagonist, has a low histamine-releasing activity and enhanced water solubility, and is therefore good for clinical application. R-D-Nal-D-Cpa-D-Aaa 3 -Ser-Aaa 5 -Aaa 6 -Leu-Aaa 8 -Pro-D-Ala-B Formula (I)


The Database technology is used scarcely in ARX which is a basic quadratic development technology for AutoCAD. Because the data of standard components is serial, Database was used for the data management. This development mode facilitated the separation of data and application. It also facilitated that other systems used the data of standard components. In the development process of the engineer document management system, the database technology was used in ARX for the implementation of drawing submission, which realized the integration of AutoCAD and PDM. Based on two typical examples mentioned above, the method and major technology of applying database technology in ARX was discussed in this paper. This technology is useful and feasible for ARX development.


A DNA fragment containing the gene for cell wall hydrolase of alkalophilic Bacillus subtilis BL-29 was cloned into E. coli JM109 using pUC18 as a vector. A recombinant plasmid, designated pCWL45B, was contained in the fragment originating from the alkalophilic B. subtilis BL-29 chromosomal DNA by Southern hybridization analysis. The nucleotide sequence of a 1.6-kb HindIII fragment containing a cell wall hydrolase-encoding gene was determined. The nucleotide sequence revealed an open reading frame (ORF) of 900 bp with a concensus ribosome-binding site located 6 nucleotide upstream from the ATG start codon. The primary amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence revealed a putative protein of 299 amino acid residues with an M.W. of 33, 206. Based on comparison of the amino acid sequence of the ORF with amino acid sequences in the GenBank data, it showed significant homology to the sequence of cell wall amidase of the PBSX bacteriophage of B. subtilis.


Both brown planthopper and white back planthopper are important pests of rice. The spa- tial interactions between brown planthopper and white back planthopper, in different rice growing sea- sons, were studied using geoetatistical methods. It was shown that the main spatial interactions was no- interaction, but the positive and negative interaction occured in the 1st rice season, and the ranges were 18 m and 54 m. In the 2nd rice season, spatial interaction between brown planthopper and white back planthopper was negative interaction with a range of 54 m, and displayed different interactions with different directions.


Correspondence Sepideh Kamrani, Department of Materials Engineering, Institute of Technology Berlin, Str. des 17. Juni 135—Sekr. EB 13; 10623 Berlin, Germany. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract Porous magnesium has a great potential to be used as degradable bone scaffolds. In this study, porous magnesium with 35% percolating porosity has been successfully fabricated through powder metallurgy route utilizing space holders. The intrinsic mechanical properties of the porous magnesium were measured by nanoindentation testing and analyzed with the Oliver–Pharr method. Afterward, a ceramic coating on the surface of the porous magnesium was performed by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) treatment in a silicate‐based solution. The morphology and composition results of the PEO coatings indicated that it is possible to apply a homogenous and adhesive ceramic coating layer on all free surface of the porous magnesium through PEO method. The protective performance of the PEO coatings was evaluated using by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy tests in simulated body fluid. The results revealed the PEO coating significantly improves biocorrosion resistance of the porous magnesium. Therefore, it can be used as an effective method to control the degradation rate of porous magnesium implants in the human body.


A bispecific single-chain CD19xCD3 antibody construct for use in a method for the treatment, improvement or elimination of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in an adult patient.


In this chapter, two methods of analysis of compressive strength of laminated composites are compared, assuming that the composite structure is still in a pre-buckling state: the continuum approach and the piecewise-homogeneous medium model. Based on the results obtained within the scope of the model of a piecewise-homogeneous medium and the three-dimensional stability theory, the accuracy of the continuum theory is examined for incompressible non-linear materials undergoing large deformations in equi-biaxial compression. Estimation of the accuracy of the continuum theory is illustrated by numerical results for the particular model of hyperelastic layers described by the elastic potential of the neo-Hookean type (Treloar's potential). The influence of the layers' thickness and their stiffness on the accuracy of the continuum theory is determined.


Each year, practice management should thoroughly examine the billing and collections operation and set goals. This review course, while not all-inclusive, should serve as a guide, reminder and perhaps catalyst to that process.


This study aims to improve students' activity and learning achievement in science subjects of natural resource materials using Group Investigation Methods in grade four students of SDN Tambakromo 2. This research belongs to Classroom Action Research (CAR). The subject of this research is the fourth grade students of SDN Tambakromo 2 with the number of students is 22 students. The results showed that there was an increase in student learning outcomes after learning by Group Investigation study method. In addition, guidance from teachers also helps in the learning process. In first cycle the average score reaches 63, and in second cycle the average score reaches 69. For the students' learning completeness, on the first cycle reached 63.18%, while in the second cycle reached 77.27%. Thus, the fourth grader of SDN Tambakromo 2 has achieved a learning mastery in a classical manner. From the results of the study also showed an increase in student learning activeness. This can be seen from the percentage of students' learning activity in first cycle is 31.81%, increased in second cycle to 63.53%. The increase from first cycles to second cycle is due to students being able to investigate themselves as well as in groups of existing problems, so that students can solve and find answers to the problems. Keywords : activity, learning achievement, group investigation learning