ABSTRACT —In practice, most physical chaotic systems are inherently with unknown nonlinearities, and conventional adaptive control for such chaotic systems typically faces with formidable technical challenges. As a better alternative, we propose using the recurrent high-order neural networks to identify and control the unknown chaotic systems, in which the Lyapunov synthesis approach is utilized for tuning the neural network model parameters. The globally uniform boundedness of the parameters estimation errors and the asymptotical stability of the tracking errors are proved by Lyapunov stability theory and LaSalle-Yoshizawa theorem. This method, in a systematic way, enables stabilization of chaotic motion to a steady state as well as tracking of any desired trajectory. Computer simulation on a complex chaotic system illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed control method. Key Words : Chaotic systems; Adaptive control; Lyapunov function; LaSalle-Yoshizawa theorem 1. INTRODUCTION


The multi-dimensional interaction English teaching is a new teaching model. This model can improve learners' language knowledge and skills, and develop their abilities to learn independently and cooperatively. The paper mainly elaborates the concept and classification of multi-dimensional interaction teaching model as well as theoretical basis, teaching objectives, realizing conditions and teaching strategies. Keywords—multi-dimensional interaction; definition; theoretical basis; teaching objectives; realizing conditions; teaching strategies


In recent years, museums have developed into multi-dimensional organizations - displaying, preserving and collecting objects which are of increasing interest to the global community. They have adapted to a consumer-oriented world and now compete with other "leisure-time" activities for visitors' time and attention. This text considers an integrated approach to exhibition development from theory to practice. The field of exhibition preparation is a complex one and demands a variety of professional skills. Designers must have creative ability and aesthetic sense as well as considerable skills in writing, management and interpretation. This work examines a wide range of exhibition development concerns, including planning and design of exhibitions, collections, care of exhibits, display evaluation and administration, content and text development for exhibitions and computer usage. It provides a complete outline for all those concerned with providing displays for museums and similar cultural heritage centres.


The purpose of this note is to collect some computations involving the fourth order Q-curvature on an arbitrary n-manifold. The computations I present here are motivated by my desire to understand the natural Yamabe-type variational problem of finding a metric of constant Q-curvature in all dimensions. As I have not been able to find these computations anywhere in the literature, I have decided to write them up in the event that someone might find them useful. Hopefully there are no errors in the computations, but if you see any, or know of references where these formulae can be found, please let me know! In its present iteration, this note has two specific goals. First, we want to compute the first variation of the total Q-curvature. Through a straightforward but tedious computation, we arrive at the following result.


Objective : To assess the application effect of Healthcare integration in perioperative period management of aged Hip arthroplasty. Methods : 30 patients were randomly selected from 60 patients to implement Heathcare integration management model(the experimental group), tranditional care service mode was given to the other 30 patients(the control group). On the 14th day after operation, patients'satisfaction degree, health education awareness and clinical nursing compliance were compared. Results: Compared with the control group, the patients' satisfaction degree, health education awareness rate, clinical nursing compliance of the experimental group were improved. Conclusions: Compared with ordi-nary care model, heathcare integration model can improve the patients' satisfaction and awareness rate, smooth the clinical nursing process, alleviate the pain of patients, and improve the quality of patients' life. So it is adviced that heathcare integration model be widely applied in perioperative period management of aged Hip arthroplasty. This study aims to identify determinants of successful smoking cessation after three months of treatment and six months of follow-up, and to investigate the differences smoking cessation behaviours in older adult smokers. 192 Taiwan


Significance Understanding the phase behavior of H2O is essential in geoscience, extreme biology, biological imaging, chemistry, and physics. Vitreous phases of H2O are of particular importance since these phases avoid the typical expansion of H2O during ice-crystal formation. Here, we confirm the existence of vitreous ice and ice VI in mixed-phase samples of H2O at room temperature and high pressure. We show how Raman scattering and X-ray diffraction alone lead to misleading characterization and understanding of the mixed-phase material, a conclusion supported by molecular dynamics simulations. The coexistence of vitreous and crystalline components of H2O under these conditions is crucial for experimental studies of biological systems. The results have implications for related metastable transitions in other materials under pressure.


It is attractive to deploy free-viewpoint video (FVV) systems based on the multi-view video plus depth (MVD) representation in crowd event scenarios, as it provides viewers a new, interactive and immersive multimedia. Nevertheless, such scenarios are notoriously challenging for mobile network operators in view of the relatively high uplink user data and signaling overhead traffic. The latter is caused by channel quality indicator (CQI) feedback reports sent by the user equipment (UEs) and used by the eNB for the downlink scheduling functionality. This paper extends our previous work on CQI feedback reduction through a clustering technique, and proposes an enhanced content-aware M-LWDF based packet scheduling scheme coupled with a cross-layer CQI feedback clustering adaptation scheme. The simulation results show that the proposed solution reduces uplink feedback signaling by 74.9%, when compared to the 3GPP wideband scheme, whilst improving the visual quality of both the texture and synthesized views.


Conforti, Cornuéjols, Kapoor, and Vušković (Even‐hole‐free graphs. Part II: Recognition algorithm, J Graph Theory 40 (2002), 238–266) gave a 73‐page polynomial time algorithm to test whether a graph has an induced subgraph that is a cycle of even length. Here, we provide another algorithm to solve the same problem. The differences are: (1) our algorithm is simpler—we are able to search directly for even holes, while the algorithm of Conforti et al. made use of a structure theorem for even‐hole‐free graphs, proved in an earlier paper (Conforti, Cornuéjols, Kapoor, and Vušković, Even‐hole‐free graphs: Part I: Decomposition theorem, J Graph Theory 39 (2002), 6–49); (2) our algorithm is marginally faster—O(n31) for an n‐vertex graph (and we sketch another more complicated algorithm that runs in time O(n15)) while the earlier algorithm appears to take about O(n40); and (3) we can permit 0/1 weights on the edges and look for an induced cycle of even weight. Consequently, we can test whether a graph is "odd signable.". © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 48: 85–111, 2005


The capacitance‐voltage characteristics of a p‐type (metalllike)/n‐type semiconductor junction are described in terms of a simple three‐region space charge in the semiconductor. The assumed space charge consists of a narrow (∼100 A) high‐density space charge at the interface, followed by an extended low‐density space charge (insulating layer), and finally the bulk space charge. The calculations assume that the equilibrium space‐charge density does not change with applied reverse voltage. The electric field at the junction is calculated analytically, and the electrostatic potential is calculated for the case of abrupt junctions between the various space‐charge regions. The results indicate effective barrier‐height lowering as a consequence of interface charges, even in the presence of the insulating layer which dominates capacitance‐voltage measurements. An interpretation is given to the slope and voltage‐axis intercept of (1/C)2‐vs‐V plots for a variety of special cases of the general space‐charge distrib...


For the abstract controlled Volterra equation \[( * )\qquad x(t) = \bar x(t) + \int_0^t {{\boldsymbol{\psi}} (t,s)[\phi (s,x(s)) + {\bf B}(s)v(s)]ds} \] on $[0,T]$, we consider the reachable set $\mathcal{K}_\phi : = \{ {x(T):( * ){\text{ for some }}v \in \mathfrak{B}} \}$. Viewing $\phi ( \cdot , \cdot )$ as a nonlinear perturbation of an otherwise linear control problem, conditions are obtained under which $\mathcal{K}_\phi = \mathcal{K}_0 $ for a suitable class $\mathfrak{F}$ of such nonlinear perturbations $\phi $ whenever the linear problem is known to have a reachable set invariant under affine perturbations: $\phi ( \cdot , \cdot ) = g \in \mathfrak{Z}$. The results generalize those obtained by Naito [7] for control of the heat equation.


The invention discloses a conjugated zero-distance high-low temperature heat source thermomotor, comprising a cylinder piston mechanism, a cooler and a heater, wherein the exhaust passage of the cylinder piston mechanism is communicated with a gas working medium inlet of the cooler; the gas working medium outlet of the cooler is communicated with the gas working medium inlet of the heater; the gas working medium outlet of the heater is communicated with a cylinder working medium inlet of the cylinder piston mechanism; an exhaust valve is arranged at the communication part of the cylinder piston mechanism and the exhaust passage; a working medium ingress is arranged at the communication part of the cylinder piston mechanism and the cylinder working medium inlet; and the cylinder piston mechanism outputs power to the outside. The thermomotor has simple structure, high efficiency and low noise.


A process for preparing a compound of formula Formula ** ** process comprises reacting a compound of formula II ** ** Formula with an α-hydroxyacid of formula III ** ** Formula or a salt thereof, in presence of a base, wherein: R 'is hydrogen or an alkyl group C1-C6 linear or branched optionally substituted by one or more groups hidroxiprotegidos; R, the same at each occurrence, is selected from the group consisting of -OR1 alkoxy, -NH2 or -NHR1 amino oun chlorine atom; R1 is a linear C1-C6 or branched group optionally substituted by one or more hydroxy groups protected.


The invention provides a method for adjusting frequency bandwidth in a time-division duplex mode. The method comprises the following steps that: a user terminal successfully receives an adjustment signal, adjusts the frequency bandwidth at a continuous sub-frame group having opposite type of the frequency bandwidth which is required to be adjusted, and sends a response. The method has the advantage that: by using the characteristics of time-division transmission of the user terminal in the time-division duplex mode, the adjustment time of the frequency bandwidth of the user terminal is limited, and the aim of no influence on the current data transmission is fulfilled. Moreover, the invention also provides the user terminal and a base station in the time-division duplex mode.


Beliefs' structuring socio-interactive system is a theory that proposes a new understanding of the individual/human person's identity construction social process dynamics. This paper proposes an interface between social and human sciences in order to present a better and broader comprehensive look at the phenomenon of subjective construction of the individual's belief system which is called in this paper "interagent". The individual must never be understood as a self-referential and self-existent reality, but as a "complex unity" (NIKLAS LUHMANN) that reflects the brightness of the social processes of a complex society. The "signified experience" in the interaction ritual becomes a "hermeneutical rite" of semantic definition of the interagent's own belief system. The interaction logics, however, tend to impound ways, meanings and structures of their own interactions established between individuals, making possible a greater intelligibility of the existing relationship between beliefs, interaction logics and contingency processes.


The surface topographies of Earth, moon, and Mars are well known, and there is no reason to believe that topographies of Venus and Mercury will be significantly different from those of the other three inner bodies of the solar system. The nearly spherical form of all of these bodies requires that they have either passed through a liquid stage or that they have been derived from the accretion of small-sized particles. The principle of minimum potential energy would require that a liquid in space would assume the form with the smallest surface area for the largest volume, which, of course, is the sphere. The accretion of dust particles, whether plantesimals of the type suggested by Chamberlain or cosmic dust as is currently suggested would likewise result in a minimum potential-energy-shaped body. Such bodies would deviate from perfect spheres only to the extent that centrifugal force would produce an equatorial bulge. An examination of the visible surfaces of the inner planetary bodies, however, clearly indicates that there is a significant deviation from the equipotential surface of the sphere modified by the centrifugal bulge.


In this study, the preparation of viscose rayon based activated carbon fabric (ACF) absorbents with antibacterial ability and modifications introduced by silver sputtering has been investigated. Viscose rayon based knitted fabric, pre-treated by a composite flame retardant, was used as the precursor. The fabric then underwent oxidation, carbonization and activation processes in a semi-open high-temperature erect furnace with a steam activator to produce ACF absorbents. Experimental results have shown that the ACF absorbents produced by the action of mixing steam and air had the largest BET specific surface area at about 1713 m2/g and the absorption amount of carbon tetrachloride was about 100.5%. However, the BET specific surface area of ACF-Ag adsorbents decreased because pores were destroyed by etching and deposition of silver particles. The ACF-Ag adsorbent, however, showed effective antibacterial and sterilizing properties. When the ACF-Ag adsorbent was placed in deionized water, a large amount of Ag ions eluted within the first 48 h. The elution gradually decreased after 96 h with about 0.2855 ppm of Ag ions eluting after seven days.


An assembly kit breastpump for expressing breastmilk, comprising: at least first and second protections interchangeable breast (1, 2), each protection breast (1, 2) a funnel shape with a conical portion (3) and a tubular portion extending downstream from said cone part (3), wherein said first protection breast (1) has a different structure from that of said second protection breast (2), to provide plurality of adaptations in the form of different protections breast (1, 2) to the pump, wherein said tubular portion of said first protection breast (1) has a different internal size than that of said tubular portion of said second protection breast (2), the mounting kit breastpump comprises a support of the suction cup (7), and the assembly kit breastpump further comprises a releasable connection mechanism forming a substantially airtight seal between protection m respective loves (1, 2) and said support of the suction cup (7).


Selaginella decipiens Warb. (Selaginellaceae) is reported from Guangxi and Yunnan provinces of China. The taxon was previously known from North Vietna m and Northeast India. It can be confused with S. bodinieri Hieron. in gener al habit, and with S. chingii Alston in shape of lateral leaves, but is char acterized by its large, subentire lateral leaves, large axillary leaves, and ver y short strobili.


In this paper we demonstrate that finite linear combinations of compositions of a fixed, univariate function and a set of affine functional can uniformly approximate any continuous function of n real variables with support in the unit hypercube; only mild conditions are imposed on the univariate function. Our results settle an open question about representability in the class of single bidden layer neural networks. In particular, we show that arbitrary decision regions can be arbitrarily well approximated by continuous feedforward neural networks with only a single internal, hidden layer and any continuous sigmoidal nonlinearity. The paper discusses approximation properties of other possible types of nonlinearities that might be implemented by artificial neural networks. The daily registration has N cases that each of the well-known stimulus-answer couples represents. The objective of this work is to develop a function that allows finding the vector of entrance variables t to the vector of exit variables P. F is any function, in this case the electric power consumption. Their modeling with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is Multi a Perceptron Layer (PMC). Another form of modeling it is using Interpolation Algorithms (AI).


[Objective] The aim was to identify the causal agent of root rot disease of Jatropha curcas L.in Luodian County.[Method] Typical root rot samples were collected from different planting areas of Jatropha curcas L.in Luodian County,and then pathogens of the root rot samples were isolated,cultured,made a pathogenic test and observed under the microscope.[Result] The causal agent of root rot disease of Jatropha curcas L.was Fusarium solani(Martius) Appel Wollenweber.[Conclusion] The research provides reference for the effective prevention and control of root rot disease of Jatropha curcas L.in Luodian County.


Abstract Background Traffic accidents are a major global public health problem with an impact on morbidity and mortality. Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the mortality trend from road accidents among young adults. Method An ecological time-series study was performed of the deaths of young (15-24 years old) in traffic accidents in the state of Parana, Brazil from 1996 to 2013. Mortality data was obtained from the Mortality Information System. Mortality rates were calculated and the trend analysis was performed through polynomial regression models. A trend was considered significant when the estimated model obtained a p-value <0.05. Accidents involving tricycles were excluded from the analysis (58 cases). Results Of the 12,063 deaths from road accidents, 82.0% were male. There was a significant and growing trend of accident mortality rates involving motorcyclists and car and pick-up truck occupants, and a decreasing trend of fatal accidents involving pedestrians. The average mortality rate for accidents involving motorcyclists was 10 deaths per 100,000 residents, an increase of 1.13 per year. Accidents involving car occupants increased annually by 0.43 and accidents involving pick-up truck occupants by 0.01. Conclusion There was a significant increasing trend for fatalities of both genders, especially motorcyclists and car occupants. The pedestrian mortality trend has shown a decreasing due to their lower exposure.


This research was carried out with the aim of increasing the ability of teachers to make lesson plans (RPP) using inquiry-based learning models, this inquiry-based learning model will have a learning impact on students' positive mental development, because through this learning, students have wide opportunities. to find and find for themselves what he needs, especially in abstract learning. The form of research undertaken was School Action Research (PTS) with 2 cycles. This research was conducted at SDN 006 Sencano Jaya, Batang Peranap District, Indragiri Hulu Regency with a sample size of 9 teachers. Based on the analysis of research data after applying the inquiry learning model, the ability of teachers to make lesson plans, that refer to Permendikbud Number 22 of 2016, has shown an increase, from cycle I to Cycle II. Cycle I to cycle II has increased. In the first cycle the teacher's average score was 71.66, and in the second cycle it increased to 85.00. Likewise, Classical Absorption (DSK) has increased. In the first cycle, the DSK was 35.00%, and in the second cycle it increased to 59.44%. So it can be concluded that this inquiry-based learning model by providing guidance and direction to teachers at SDN 006 Sencano Jaya can be said to be successful because it has increased from cycle I to cycle II.


Government purchasing service has been a highlight in the "pilot"social innovation campaign of GuangdongProvince. Shenzhen,Guangzhou,Dongguan,Zhongshan and many other cities have adopted various modes of service purchase such as project purchase and position purchase,given birth to a large number of social organizations,enhanced the recognition of social work by the government and the public,and demonstrated the professional value of social work in social welfare. This paper aims to explore the problems in the social work service and the government purchasing service in Guangzhou in order to formulate standard methods for government purchasing service.


With over 170 years of clinical use since the public demonstration of general anesthesia, the molecular mechanisms of general anesthetic drugs are still not fully understood (Hemmings et al., 2005; Franks, 2006). It is widely accepted that general anesthetics alter neuronal signaling by interacting with membrane proteins, in particular ligand-gated ion channels, rather than with the lipid bilayer (Herold et al., 2017). More recent evidence suggests that voltage-gated ion channels, including presynaptic voltage-gated Na channels (Nav), are important targets for anesthetic ethers (Franks, 2006; Herold and Hemmings, 2012). Several mammalian isoforms of Nav, which in neurons drive the upstroke of the action potential and act upstream of neurotransmitter release, are inhibited by the common volatile anesthetic (VA) isoflurane (Rehberg et al., 1996; Shiraishi and Harris, 2004; OuYang and Hemmings, 2007; Herold et al., 2009, 2014; for review, see Herold and Hemmings, 2012). However, the mechanisms by which VAs such as isoflurane inhibit Nav remain unresolved. Homologous bacterial voltage-gated Na channels have emerged as useful structural and functional models for the more complex mammalian Nav (Catterall and Zheng, 2015; Payandeh and Minor, 2015). The prokaryotic channels are expressed as monomers that form homotetrameric channels (in contrast to the four contiguous pore-forming domains of mammalian Nav α-subunits), making them more amenable to heterologous expression, mutagenesis, and x-ray crystallography (Payandeh et al., 2011, 2012; McCusker et al., 2012; Zhang et al., 2012; Shaya et al., 2014). Prokaryotic Nav lack the fast-inactivation particle found in eukaryotic Nav but exhibit slow inactivation similar to eukaryotic Nav (Kuzmenkin et al., 2004; Pavlov et al., 2005; Irie et al., 2010), such that prokaryotic Nav homologues are particularly useful in isolating pharmacological effects on slow inactivation. NaChBac, the voltage-gated Na channel from Bacillus halodurans (Ren et al., 2001), is modulated by isoflurane (Ouyang et al., 2007) and sevoflurane (Barber et al., 2014). Isoflurane reduces peak Na current (INa) at more depolarized holding potentials, shifts the steadystate inactivation (SSI) curve in the hyperpolarizing direction, and accelerates apparent inactivation, which was interpreted as preferential binding to an inactivated state (Ouyang et al., 2007). In contrast, modeling studies have suggested that sevoflurane inhibits NaChBac by Voltage-gated Na channels (Nav) have emerged as important presynaptic targets for volatile anesthetic (VA) effects on synaptic transmission. However, the detailed biophysical mechanisms by which VAs modulate Nav function remain unclear. VAs alter macroscopic activation and inactivation of the prokaryotic Na channel, NaChBac, which provides a useful structural and functional model of mammalian Nav. Here, we study the effects of the common general anesthetic isoflurane on NaChBac function by analyzing macroscopic Na currents (INa) in wildtype (WT) channels and mutants with impaired (G229A) or enhanced (G219A) inactivation. We use a previously described six-state Markov model to analyze empirical WT and mutant NaChBac channel gating data. The model reproduces the mean empirical gating manifest in INa time courses and optimally estimates microscopic rate constants, valences (z), and fractional electrical distances (x) of forward and backward transitions. The model also reproduces gating observed for all three channels in the absence or presence of isoflurane, providing further validation. We show using this model that isoflurane increases forward activation and inactivation rate constants at 0 mV, which are associated with estimated chemical free energy changes of approximately −0.2 and −0.7 kcal/ mol, respectively. Activation is voltage dependent (z ≈ 2e0, x ≈ 0.3), inactivation shows little voltage dependence, and isoflurane has no significant effect on either. Forward inactivation rate constants are more than 20-fold greater than backward rate constants in the absence or presence of isoflurane. These results indicate that isoflurane modulates NaChBac gating primarily by increasing forward activation and inactivation rate constants. These findings support accumulating evidence for multiple sites of anesthetic interaction with the channel. Isoflurane modulates activation and inactivation gating of the prokaryotic Na channel NaChBac


With the development of children's literature, the child-oriented concept of translation is also on the rise. The concept of" the Art of Simple Language" proposed by Lin Liang profoundly explains the essential characteristics of children's literature and gives full respect and appreciation to children's simple language. However, there are not many studies on the art of simple language at present, and the study of children's language translation is also an academic land to be reclaimed. This paper gives a brief introduction to Lin Liang's "the Art of Simple Language" and related research. In view of the main characteristics of simple language, the phenomenon of simple language in Frozen II is studied, and the artistic restoration degree of Frozen II E-C subtitle translation for the art simplicity is analyzed from the aspects of language style representation, harmony between artistic style and subtitle translation, emotional meaning and philosophical transmission. Combined with the additional effects of film and television, the art of simple language flashes a charming light in subtitle translation.


For the low infrared image contrast and high background noise, we proposed a new image fusion algorithm based on lifting stationary wavelet multi-scale product. The high-frequency coefficient option based on edges gradient energy was proposed based on lifting stationary wavelet multi-scale product, which makes full use of multi-scale product features with enhancing edges structure while weakening image noise; The weighted method was used for low-frequency coefficients fusion. Then wavelet transform reconstruction was realized to get the final fused image. Experimental results show that the algorithm can better protect edge features and all the useful information of the source images while restraining noise. The better visual effects are gained compared with the traditional fusion methods.


We show that property (T) is not profinite, that is, we construct two finitely generated residually finite groups which have isomorphic profinite completions while one admits property (T) and the other does not. This settles a question raised by M. Kassabov.


Day by day the demand for hybrid and electric vehicles are increasing. It became necessary to develop an innovative and human friendly charging infrastructure for steady charging. Today charging of electric vehicle is done by. In future there will be autonomous car, the charging of the car should also be automated. This paper deals with robotic electric vehicle charging machine with digital payment. It explains the pros of automated charging system and its necessity in the coming future. The next part explains the systems which are in presently available in market. The last part deals with the proposed system and it future scope and modifications.


[Abstract] A method for improving the integrated navigation performance in the INS/GPS navigation system by the considering that the condition that the geometric arrangement of the satellite is degraded due to limitation of the line of sight of the satellite such as geographic feature and GPS signal jamming is proposed. A variable covariance extended Kalman filter (VCEKF) that correlated to the measured covariance to the DOP of GPS is suggested. The navigation performance of integrated navigation system using EKF and VCEKF is analyzed by Monte-Carlo simulations. The result is verified that VCEKF has better estimation performance than EKF using fixed covariance on condition that DOP value is larger than the smaller value.


Iminodipropionitrile, one of the nitrile derivatives induces neurotoxicity. The proposed mechanism postulated generation of free radicals and mitochondrial role in this process. It has been reported that ALA (Alpha lipoic acid) by the virtue of its antioxidant nature may prevent free radical induced neurotoxicity. The present study aimed at investigating the effects of IDPN (Iminodipropionitrile) (250mg/kg body weight) and Alpha lipoic acid (100mg/kg body weight) on hippocampal mitochondrial enzyme activities such as MnSOD (manganese Superoxide dismutase), GPx (glutathione peroxidase), GST (glutathione-s-transferase) and GSH (reduced glutathione) respectively. The activities of TCA cycle enzymes- ICDH (isocitrate dehydrogenase), SDH (succinate dehydrogenase), α-KDH (Alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase) and MDH (malate dehydrogenase) were found to be significantly reduced after Iminodipropionitrile administration. Subsequent treatment with ALA significantly alleviated the depletion in the level of these enzymes. ALA restored the levels of these enzymes. It can be concluded that ALA effectively protects the hippocampal mitochondrial damage induced by


The aim of this paper is to explore the types of technological innovation that are present in the Audiovisual Center of the University of La Guajira and its extensions in Colombia, knowing that it is a country that is currently pointing towards research and development as a means to achieve stability and competitiveness of its economy. To research the theories of Hidalgo, Leon y Pavon (2002), Escorsa and Valls (2003), the Oslo Manual of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) (2005), Ballart (2001), and others. For field research a questionnaire to staff who work in the headquarters and four extensions of the university located in the Department of La Guajira was applied; Fonseca, Maicao, Villanueva, Albania and Monteria. The research results allow deducing the contribution of these units, so that the University of La Guajira makes significant contributions to innovation indicators expected by the academic area, since the organizational knowledge acquired through the management of equipment and systems information obtained through licensing contracts; it has achieved the production of incremental innovations. Radical innovations are presented by the development of applications for new services; which consist primarily of new software applications; with which they have improved the effectiveness of academic and administrative processes. Keywords: types of innovation, incremental innovations, public universities, audiovisual centers.


A 76-year-old man developed general malaise and polyuria over a few days, and then became lethargic when he was brought into the hospital. He was oriented to self, but not to time or place. He had general motor weakness, but there was no laterality. Sensory disturbance was not noticed, except that he had been blind following a head injury 10 years ago. On admission, his serum sodium and potassium levels were 106 mEq/L and 3.6 mEq/L, and a CT scan of the brain demonstrated a large mass in the sella turcica extending anteriorly into the sphenoid sinus, which was accompanied with intratumoral bleeding. Under the diagnosis of pituitary apoplexy causing acute adrenocortical insufficiency, a series of treatments was started.

Along with hormone replacement with 20 mg/day of …


EU Food Safety System is considered as one of the most successful Food Safety System in the world.The integrated Food Safety Technical Regulation System of EU becomes the important footstone of the whole EU Food Safety System.Making a deep research on the production and development of EU Food Safety Technical Regulation System play an important role in reference for each country,especially developing countries.This paper analyzes each step of the production and development of EU Food Safety Technical Regulation System,researches the mode of EU food safety legal,analyzes the construction effect of Food Safety Technical Regulation System which directed by the "from farm to fork" method,and puts forward the prospect of the constructing emphases of EU Food Safety Technical Regulation System.


Joule heating that is generated at high latitudes in the thermosphere because of the magnetospherically imposed electric potential is proportional to the average of the square of the electric field (E field). Most theoretical Joule heating computations use only average electric fields, resulting in heating that is proportional to the square of the average E field. The computation of the average of the square of the E field requires knowledge about the statistical characteristics of E field variability associated with the average electric field model. In this paper we present the variability associated with the Millstone Hill bin-averaged empirical E field model [Foster et al. 1986] and discuss the implications of variability as an upper atmosphere energy source. We rebinned the radar plasma drift measurements from Millstone Hill, Massachusetts, in magnetic latitude and local time as a function of auroral activity and calculated the average electric fields and the variability associated with them as reflected in the bin standard deviations. We present the E field patterns and the associated variability for both quiet and disturbed geomagnetic conditions for the four seasons. We show that for an electric field model with a Gaussian distribution of small-scale variability around the mean, the average field and the variability have equal contributions to Joule heating generation.


Foliated transport networks represent a concept that aims to improve the efficiency of the transport system by combining direct connections and hub and spoke design. In addition to combining these designs, a foliated transport network requires a high level of dynamic planning and control, as well as optimisation of goods and resources between the different network layers. It highlights the advantages of individual transport network designs and minimizes their weaknesses, ultimately leading to better performance of the foliated system than the individual options. The purpose of this paper is to describe the basic models of the freight transport network and the benefits of connecting these models. This survey paper aims to provide an overview of previous research in the field of foliated transport networks and to provide future research guidelines in this field that include the application of this model in intermodal transport.


Formal Logic is the refinement and conclusion of the rules and forms of thinking.It plays an unreplacable role in the training of thinking.Training of thinking can be realized by training our capability of usin of thin king.


Abstract:  Since 2014-2015 academic year, the Ministry of Education and Culture of Republic of Indonesia finally decided to implement the 2013 Curriculum. Restoring character education and improving students' creative thinking are the main reasons of the new curriculum development. This study employed teachers' understanding and perception on the implementation of 2013 English Curriculum and identified problems encountered by the teachers in implementing the 2013 English curriculum. Through qualitative design, the study was conducted at one of vocational high schools in Kuningan, West Java. This study reveals that the teacher's understanding toward 2013 curriculum is quite close to the basic principles of the curriculum and most of  teachers claim that the new curriculum cannot be easily implemented at the moment since they find several problems in implementing 2013 English curriculum. They got difficulties in applying new learning revolution, developing assessment rubrics and the shortage of English duration at school will not ensure to improve students' competence. It also recommended that the teachers should put more efforts on applying the 2013 curriculum in the teaching and learning process by joining any training, workshop and improve their creativity and adapt to the advance of knowledge and technology. Keywords: 2013 English Curriculum, teachers' understanding, teachers' perception


GCSE mathematics and Sixth Form Mathematics are now out of step. Sixth Form Mathematics and University Mathematics may also soon be out of step. These are two far reaching statements—but what has this got to do with rugby balls and a minibus? By now many of us currently or recently involved in GCSE mathematics, whether as students or teachers, have become used to mathematical investigations, applied problems and project write ups all lasting about two weeks. How times have changed. It is now quite common for 15 and 16 year olds in their GCSE mathematics lesson to work in groups on open ended problems. Gone are the days (familiar to some of us!) of solving endless lists of quadratic equations and stopping without hesitation the first time b 2 is less than 4ac. Generations of pupils will now, if the National Curriculum does not completely move "the goal posts", be growing up on a new range of discoveries made possible by the introduction of fresh ideas and new starting points. "222 and all that" and "Watch out" for example are two standard pieces of coursework encountered by many pupils in their GCSE training.


To become a professional master mariner one has to develop many different skills and have an understanding of how to act in different situations on the bridge. Within the master mariner program at ...


The first paper, Quality-Driven Decision Making Methodology for System-Level Design, by L. Joiwiak and S.A. Ong, proposes a methodology allowing quality-driven analysis and evaluation of alternative solutions for system-level design and hardware/software partitioning problems. A model for the design decision making process and for specifying and analyzing utility functions is discussed and an example of application is given.


Due to complex anatomy and functionality of brain, volumetric excision of abnormal tissue targets such as tumors/cancers poses a great risk as it is difficult without causing harm to the overlying normal structures. Minimally invasive and non-invasive robotic approaches are being widely investigated as alternatives to traditional open surgery due to their advantages in accurate planning, registration, navigation and manipulation. In this paper, we present robot-assisted minimally invasive means for volumetric ablation of brain tumors using High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) modality through a precise craniotomy. The end-effector is capable of integrating and registering the prevalent single, multiple or phased array applicators coupled to dura-mater using a flexible degassed water chamber. Our customized modular robot named, Neurobot, comprising of various modules that work in active and passive modes and its treatment planning are described. The robot is equipped with alternating end-effectors respectively for drilling and energy delivery and the measured accuracy of this system is within 0.1 mm.


Online communities and social media are known to play an important role in improving health efficacy and well-being. In this paper, we examine the role of such platforms in promoting smoking and drinking cessation. We focus on two support communities on Reddit, StopSmoking and StopDrinking, to analyze relapse events among several thousand individuals. For this purpose, we formulate and identify the key engagement and linguistic characteristics of abstainers and relapsers based on participation in the communities spanning almost nine years, and we employ a robust statistical methodology based on survival analysis to examine how participation and these characteristics relate to likelihood of relapse. Our results show that half of the population is at a high risk of relapse within 1-2 months of cessation attempts; however, individuals who continue to abstain beyond three years tend to maintain high likelihood of sustained abstinence. Furthermore, we find positive affect and increased social engagement to be predictors of abstinence. We discuss the implications of our work in tracking effectiveness of online health communities and for designing health interventions.


Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV),belonging to the genus Parvovirus within the family Parvoviridae, infects and causes disease in carnivore species throughout the world. However, few epidemiological studies of this virus have been done in wildlife in China. The aims of this study were to determine the infection rate of FPV in captive tigers, lions and domestic cats. Serum samples were obtained from 207 tigers and 4 lions between 2002 and 2006 in different wildlife zoos of China,and 23 domestic cats, and further tested for antibodies against FPV by serum neutralization(SN) assay and hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) assay, whose results are consistent. A seropositive rate of 53.1% was found in tigers,25% in lions and 26% in cats. These results indicated that most of the felines had been infected with feline panleukopenia virus, and the virus may cause disease in carnivore species in China.


The present invention, the following general formula: (Wherein, x is located at about 0.75 order of, The oxide can be used as the active positive electrode material for lithium batteries. In particular, oxides In such oxides, specific capacity of the lithium battery is improved and stabilized relative to cycling.


INTRODUCTIONTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a very successful procedure with good clinical outcomes. However, the effects of obesity on TKA outcomes remain controversial and inconclusive. The objective of this study was to quantify the biomechanical effects of simulated obesity on Cruciate Retaining (CR) and Posterior Stabilized (PS) TKA in human cadaveric knees. We hypothesized that biomechanical characteristics of CR TKA will be less dependent on simulated obesity compared to PS TKA.METHODSEight cadaveric knees (4 male, 4 female) average age 68.4 years (range, 40–86 years) underwent TKA and were tested using a custom knee testing system. Specifically, Cruciate Retaining (CR) and Posterior Stabilized (PS) Lospa Knee System (Corentec Inc.) were implanted and tested sequentially using internal control experimental design. The muscle loading was determined based on the physiological cross-sectional area ratio of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles. The ratios were then applied to CDC data representing the...


The paper presents a more efficient and accurate method for medical image enhancement. In research we find some details can be removed by enhancing dark features and noise be amplified by emphasizing smaller features. So the features are extracted from recursively opened images by white tophat transformation. To avoid some gray-level bias we propose the method of normalized gray-level under condition. In this algorithm, the morphological operations are non-dual and the contrast stretching operations are addition instead of multiplication. The algorithm is tested by MR images and compared with the existing method based on multiscale morphology. The experimental results show that the method is more effective, less sensitive to noise and preserving processed images more accurately.Moreover, the algorithm works with one-fourth features as many as previous morphological method for local contrast enhancement and reduces computational cost.


Wear and film transfer between wire rope and sheave was modelled by a single wire reciprocated against a grooved sheave. The wire was subjected to axial tensile load and a normal load at the contact with the sheave. Wear of the sheave and wire was measured by mass loss, film transfer was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Sheaves made of mild steel, Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE), Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and Nylon 6 were tested. It was found that only PVC allowed a transfer film to form on the wire surface. With the other polymers, a tangle of thread shaped debris accumulated on the wires. The PVC sheave also minimised the wear of the wires, but at the expense of higher sheave wear. UHMWPE gave a low sheave wear but a high wear of the wires. Nylon sheaves resulted in rapid wear of both the wires and the sheaves. It is shown that UHMWPE will produce durable sheaves but PVC minimizes damage to wire ropes.


To prepare the next project, which aims to implement a lubricator vehicle in Vilcabamba Loja Canton parish, as an alternative to have a hosting service quality and contribute to the information of a current aimed at improving tourism and an advance to the parish.
To start with the study of this project has set the topic called "FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR THE CREATION OF A LUBRICATOR AUTOMOTIVE CAR LIGHT IN THE VILCABAMBA PARISH LOJA CANTON" which specific objectives that served as a guide for the study were raised.
To meet the main objective methods, techniques and procedures whereby research to develop and test the veracity of the project were used.
The methods used were: inductive, I will use it to generalize conclusions and recommendations.
Deductive, which allowed based on the concepts apply in the development of Market Research, Technical, Administrative, Economic and Financial Assessment, the following techniques were applied: survey, conducted a representative sample of the population and the sample of this research.
The analysis in the development of each of the phases of the project feasibility allowed:
The market study determined that the company is feasible to implement it according to the data obtained unmet demand service lubricated 127056 per
6
year was obtained.
Then the Technical Study was conducted, where the theme of the size and location of the company was treated, in order to determine the capacity that is used to cover 7800 and 5200 performance year in vehicles lubricated., And the best location in the company. Similarly, in project engineering issues preliminary technical investigations and special engineering problems that it arises focus also includes the process of service delivery. In the Organizational Study of the company functional organizational structure was determined, it is the legal and organizational base, organizational, structural and functional, the company also built.
With regard to financial study calculating the resources required for the installation and operation of the company and funding sources it was determined performed; the calculation of the total investment, total costs, unit costs and revenues of the service, which are backed in their respective budgets, essential elements for the Financial Evaluation in which the viability of the project was verified also performed through financial indicators such as net (NPV) Present Value of $ $ 21821,07, Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 24.49%, Benefit Cost Ratio (B / C) of 1.40, Capital Recovery Period (PRC) 3 years and 22 days and the sensitivity analysis indicates that it supports an increase of 21.91% in costs and a decrease of 15.78% in revenue, demonstrating that the project is made feasible is therefore convenient execution.
It is expected that this feasibility study will contribute towards investors of the town, but above all entrepreneurs, they can find in this project viable for development, both in terms of competitiveness, as in alternative generating higher revenues and profits.


In view of the multipeak characteristics of a photovoltaic (PV) array P–V curve under local shadow conditions and that the traditional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm cannot effectively track the maximum power point of the curve, a multipeak MPPT algorithm based on a chaotic quantum bee colony and support vector regression (SVR) is proposed. By constructing and analyzing the mathematical model of a photovoltaic array under a local shadow, the P–V characteristic equation of the photovoltaic array is obtained. The improved strategy of the artificial bee colony algorithm is studied, and the improved chaotic quantum bee colony algorithm (CQABC) is applied to the optimization of SVR parameters; this application improves the accuracy and generalization performance of the maximum power point prediction model based on SVR. The calculation process of the multipeak MPPT algorithm based on CQABC-SVR is given, and the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by simulation and testing. The experimental results show that the algorithm can accurately track the global maximum power point under uniform illumination or local shadow conditions, effectively overcoming the problem of traditional MPPT algorithms easily falling into local extrema.


At the moment, many Russian companies working in the field of software development for television and radio broadcasting can extract the necessary knowledge about trends in their field of activity by analyzing information received from foreign competitors, for example, when studying specialized popular science literature, based on information posted on the official websites of foreign competitors, when analyzing information obtained from exhibitions and presentations. Such an opportunity can significantly strengthen Russian companies in the formation of strategic development plans. The purpose of this work is to develop software for forecasting the development of technologies on the example of television and radio broadcasting. To achieve this goal, a patent parsing algorithm was developed that allows extracting the necessary elements of the description of the sources under consideration obtained from the Google Patents website, as well as an algorithm for constructing time series based on the extracted patent data and forecasting technology development using the ARIMA method. The module for extracting elements from patent files is implemented using the Beautiful Soup library, the Multiprocessing library is used for parallelizing the parsing process, Statsmodels is used for data analysis and forecasting, and Matplotlib is used for data visualization. The MySQL database management System (DBMS) was chosen to organize the storage of information. As a result of the work carried out, 28591 patents were processed, with the help of which the process of forecasting the development of television and radio technologies was tested on the basis of the constructed time series in the interval 2015-2020.


Research in the fields of public policy and efficiency evaluation in higher education intensifies amid the NPM spread. This paper advocates the need to increase awareness on whether universities transform and modernise their operations under performance-enhancing policies, and systematically reviews the existing empirical evidence on the effects of such policies in terms of efficiency and productivity. The study classifies the mechanisms of public intervention as 'state as financier', 'the structuring state' and 'the autonomy steering state'. The synthesis of the fragmented evidence on the effects of public interventions in terms of universities' efficiency and productivity addressed by data envelopment analysis and stochastic frontier analysis methodologies is follows. Enhancement of competitive environment and higher autonomy are associated with higher efficiency and productivity. Supply side concentration of resources through excellence initiatives and restructuring of the landscape because of Bologna Process were also effective in transforming universities' production function. The evidence on top-down mergers is mixed, and we can question their implementation, as opposed to voluntary mergers.


This paper examines internal labour markets in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century using personnel records from the Union Bank of Australia and the Victorian Railways. Both employers hired young workers and offered them the possibility of very-long-term employment. Salaries were determined by impersonal rules, such as being attached to tenure and to position. Workers rarely received nominal pay cuts. This approach to human resources was designed to retain and motivate workers. We show that all of the classic features of internal labour markets used to describe American firms in the 1970s were present dating back to the Victorian period. Copyright 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd and the Economic History Society of Australia and New Zealand 2009.


Based on the LDA topic model, we focus on the topic evolution of scientists' scientific research. Utilizing the published papers of authors in members of Society of Management Science and Engineering, we find that there are some phenomena such as evolution, expansion and disappearance in the selection of research topics of scientists in the field. The application of LDA theme model in the field of management science and engineering and the discussion of the evolution of research themes in the past 20 years will help researchers accurately grasp the competitive situation and main trends in the frontier fields and effectively plan research topics.


Summary Groups of mice were exposed to multiple bites by tsetse flies (Glossina morsitans morsitans) infected with a clone of Trypanosoma congolense spread over a period of 8 days. The mice were subsequently treated with Berenil 10 days after the first fly bite as were uninfected control mice. The group of mice which received 12–15 infectious fly bites on two occasions, 21 days apart, were subsequently resistant to infection when re-challenged by flies infected with the same clone of T. congolense. These mice were also immune to challenge by flies infected with a different bloodstream variable antigen type derived from this same stock. The immunity was stock-specific and directed against the metacyclic forms of the parasite, but was short-lived.


Field tests on the colour response of Austroasca viridigrisea adults were conducted using square (30 × 30 cm) coloured sticky traps placed in a cotton field. Among the colours tested, adults were attracted most to yellow traps emitting light in the 500‐600 nm region (peak reflectance at 560 nm), followed by green and orange, then red, deep blue, black, magenta and true blue. Dilution of yellow with white to produce yellow‐white hues resulted in a significant decline in A. viridigrisea captures. Reflectance spectra of painted surfaces of enamel colours and also traps with different hues of yellow indicated that A. viridigrisea capture rates were directly related to the amount of light reflected in the 500‐600 nm zone, the wavelength at which peak reflectance of green plants occurs. This positive behavioural response of A. viridigrisea to yellow suggests that the leafhopper can discriminate foliage‐like hues (500‐580 nm) from non foliage‐like hues (<500 nm and >580 nm) and therefore could detect herbaceous foliage on the basis of colour. Significantly higher numbers of adults were caught at heights between 25‐75 cm than at 100, 125 and 150 cm above ground level. To monitor flight phenology and populations of A. viridigrisea, yellow sticky traps should be placed at heights between 25 and 75 cm above ground level.


This paper first discusses the current energy profile in Rwanda where it focuses on electrical energy status in order to evaluate the available power generation, transmission system, and load growth. The paper also continues to track the possible available and untapped renewable energy resources and outlines the credible Path-ways for Rwanda's energy future in the next 30 years and beyond, by considering how much energy we might need and where it could come from and hence, how possibly the different electrical energy generation technologies could be shared in an effective way to meet the demand. To identify how the country needs to integrate the most renewable energy generation in its energy system, the results show that in 2050 fuel is free to be totally decommissioned which results in a remarkable drop in CO2 emission.


This paper makes an attempt to define informal social security and discusses the role of traditional support systems and extended family as social security institutions. Self organised mutual support systems which are neighbourhood or community-based informal systems that go beyond kinship and family ties are discussed. The African traditional values such as "botho" "ubuntu" and "harambee" are discussed. The idea that formal and informal social security systems having the same goal is advanced and that it is possible to build synergies between the two systems. Finally that an integrative approach needs to be adopted between the nonformal and the formal systems of social security.


The 41 European tapestries in the permanent collection of the Minneapolis Institute of Arts include rare masterpieces designed and woven in Belgium, France, Italy, Norway and Holland from the 15th to the 18th century. This book documents that collection. The text includes an introduction to European tapestry and an explanation of the basics of tapestry weaving, as well as an in-depth study of each of the individual pieces from both a historical and a technical perspective. Based on research in original archival sources, this volume brings to light recent information on the subject.


An estimated 19.5% of all U.S. troops deployed to Iraq/Afghanistan have symptoms related to blast-induced Neurotrauma (BINT). Up to now causal mechanisms of BINT are unknown. Previously an anatomically detailed human head finite element model (WSUHIM) was successfully utilized to predict brain injuries from blunt impact. This study focused on validating the WSUHIM against measured intracranial pressure (ICP) from blast experiments and quantifying various brain response variables from Bowen's blast lung thresholds. The FE model of WSU shock tube was developed and coupled with the WSUHIM to simulate the cadaveric head subjected blast wave generated from shock tube at three different blast intensities (0.0740.104MPa). The ICPs measured at four brain locations were used to validate the WSUHIM. Four levels of overpressure (0.21-0.61MPa) and pulse duration (1-4ms) on Bowen's iso lung injury thresholds were applied to WSUHIM to quantify the resulting ICP, tissue strain and strain rate. The effects of head orientations as well as the surrounds on the brain response were also compared. MMALE was used to simulate blast. The model predicted ICP was correlated to the measured ICP in cadaver heads in terms of trend at frontal, parietal, occipital and ventricular regions. For all Bowen's cases, the blast overpressure propagated through brain at various magnitudes with peak brain pressure of 0.7-1.8MPa in the cortex. The peak brain strain was 211% and product of strain and strain rate was 6-21s-1 at various regions. Sideways blast produced highest coup responses in the cortex while forward blast induced high strain and strain rate in brainstem. The presence of the wall resulted in increases (50%) of pressure and strain in the contralateral site. The model results revealed that the pressure wave was directly coupled to the brain. Bowen's iso-damage curves produced dissimilar levels of pressure/strain brain responses which has never been reported.


The translator is the subject of translation and an important participant in the construction of a national culture.The aim of the thesis is to attract the attention of others to the importance of the subjectivity of the translator in translating TCM through the analysis of the subjectivity of the translator in TCM translation.


In a Danish family highly susceptible to ischemic heart disease, hyperlipidemia did not simply cosegregate with a previously undescribed 10 bp deletion in the LDL receptor gene causing heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). This mutation, designated as FH DK‐4, deletes 10 nucleotides from ex on 4 coding for the third cysteine‐rich repeat of the ligand‐binding domain. The resulting translational frameshift and stop codon corresponding to amino acid position 181 in the LDL receptor cDNA is predicted to result in a truncated LDL receptor protein. Several family members had hyperlipidemia and early onset of ischemic heart disease not due to the 10 bp deletion, and several family members had unexpectedly high serum lipoprotein(a) contributing to high concentrations of serum LDL cholesterol. The study illustrates important limitations and possibilities of molecular genetic diagnosis.


........................................................................................................... 3 List of tables...................................................................................................... 6 List of figures .................................................................................................... 7 List of abbreviations ......................................................................................... 9 Introduction .................................................................................................... 10 Purpose ........................................................................................................... 14 Materials and Methods .................................................................................. 15 Animals and Experimental Design ....................................................................................... 15 Preparation of Enhanced Firefly Luciferase Transduced NSC and HFF ................................ 18 Measurement of Luciferase Activity In vitro ........................................................................ 18 Induction of PD Model ........................................................................................................ 19 Stem Cell Transplantation .................................................................................................... 19 Behavioral Analysis ............................................................................................................. 20 In vivo Bioluminescence Imaging (BLI) of Transplanted Cells ............................................ 21 Prepaeration and Injection of F3-effLuc Derived Exosome-mimetic Nanovesicles................ 21 In vivo Fluorescence Imaging of F3-effLuc Derived Exosome-mimetic Nanovesicles .......... 22 [F]FP-CIT Small Animal PET Scan ................................................................................... 22 Tissue Preparation and Immunohistochemistry .................................................................... 23 Quantification of Immunohistochemistry Staining ................................................................ 24 RNA Preparation for Gene Expression Array ....................................................................... 25 Microarray Data Acquisition and Analysis ........................................................................... 26 mRNA Quantification by Real-time PCR ............................................................................. 26 Statistical Analysis .............................................................................................................. 27


With the rapid development of wearable electronics, it is desirable to design and develop flexible power supplies, especially rechargeable lithium ion batteries, with high performance and superior flexibility and durability for integration into electronics. Structures and materials are two key factors in achieving the flexibility of batteries. Therefore, it becomes important to understand the fundamental mechanics in order to better guide us in the design of flexible batteries to meet the requirements of wearable electronics. In this work, we review recent research progress on batteries for wearable electronics based on structures and materials, covering the fundamental mechanics underlying the structural design mechanism and intrinsically deformable materials as building blocks for flexible batteries. In addition, we review and discuss emerging new materials and structures that could potentially revolutionize the design concepts of flexible batteries for wearable electronics. Therefore, these flexible an...


The paper proves that an odd composite integer N can be factorized in at most O(0.125u(log2N)) searching steps if N has a divisor of the form 2au + 1 or 2au − 1 with a > 1 being a positive integer and u > 1 being an odd integer. Theorems and corollaries are proved with detail mathematical reasoning. Algorithms to factorize the kind of odd composite integers are designed and tested by factoring certain Fermat numbers. The results in the paper are helpful to factorize the related kind of odd integers as well as some big Fermat numbers.


To introduce the annihilating nilpotency of prime ring R and calculate it when the character of the ring Ris a prime numberP.By referring relative reference,the annihilating nilpotency of prime ring Ris calculated according to P3and the degree of the minimum polynomial of b overC,the annihilating nilpotency of prime ring Rislp3+1,A simple form of a nilpotent derivation is introduced.


B. Martrat and L. Dupont point out that 1) confusion arises in the last part of the introduction from the mixed use of marine oxygen isotope event numbers and marine isotope stage classification and 2) both notation systems are not interchangeable as oxygen isotope events refer to points and marine isotope substages to intervals. We acknowledge the misuse of the term "substage" to qualify the isotopic events 8.5 and 8.6 and we have made the necessary corrections along the text. The initial choice to refer at the same time to both notation systems (marine oxygen isotope event numbers


On that day, I could see the ocean from a corner of the dispensary - calm as a crystal lake. In the distance, a sail rocked gently on the horizon and I noticed that it belonged to a junk-rigged vessel. You don't see many junk sails off our eastern coast and, for a moment, I thought of Jason and the magnificent ship, 'Argo'.


Since the first human tucked a flower in their hair, blooms have been a part of human adornment. Each epoch saw new interpretations of the floral in jewellery. The Romans had their ivy circlets, the Tudors long necklaces of clusters of tiny blossoms, the Victorians their detailed panoply of symbolic blooms, Art Nouveau its sinuous floral forms and twentieth-century costume pieces sprays of foliage and flowers. Despite this, the contemporary studio jewellery movement for many years rejected the prettification of jewellery and, as a result, the flower form in contemporary jewellery withered.
All of this is set to change with 'Bloomin' Jewels', a new selling exhibition at Contemporary Applied Arts in Bankside, which sows the seeds for a regrowth of the floral motif. This special exhibition spotlights cutting-edge, imaginative and technically accomplished modern work whilst celebrating the long and esteemed tradition of depicting flowers and foliage in jewellery. Over 20 respected contemporary jewellers have been invited to offer work using the botanical as a starting point for the creation of jewellery. The results will surprise and dazzle anyone interested in contemporary jewellery, decorative arts, fashion, design and gardening.
Schmuck takes place each year at the International Trade Fair for the Skilled Trades and is the longest running competition and exhibition of contemporary jewellery, having been set up in 1959. 65 artist from 912 applications were selected and the inclusion of Peterson's work is a clear indication of it's relevance and sense of innovation. The work will also be included in the printed catalogue of Schmuck18.


Tunnel construction using a tunnel boring machine TBM may encounter a coordination difficulty where the machine may reach the station site before the station completion. A construction solution for such a station-TBM intersection is vital. In the Cairo Metro Tunnel-Line 3, Heliopolis station, infrequent construction sequence was adapted, where the station transverse diaphragm walls were firstly installed to let the tunnel boring machine entering the station vicinity and erecting the tunnel lining within and after the station. Afterward, the longitudinal diaphragm walls of the station were installed parallel to the tunnel line. In view of that, the tunnel parts enclosed by the station were required to be safely demolished, followed by completing the remaining station elements. The process of removing the lining segments within the station involves a risk of instability of the existing tunnel because of excessive deformations. Therefore, innovative four construction techniques were suggested and numerically inspected to find an optimal sequence of executing such a hard construction condition. Numerical models, established by the 2-D finite element software, PLAXIS, were adopted in a staged analysis to simulate the construction phases till the critical phase of removing the tunnel segments, where the tunnel stability was considerably reduced. At that point, stability analysis was performed to examine the liability of the four demolishing scenarios. These scenarios include partial filling the tunnel with sand at the demolishing location, and/or using internal or external link members. Lastly, the optimal technique to remove the lining segments inside the station considering stability, economy and time-saving, was decided.


Population aging and changing family patterns have made elder care an important issue. In 1994, German law-makers enacted a major reform in the country' s long-term care policy, the Dependency Insurance Act (DIA). How, and in what way, will the relative use of formal and informal long-term care services change in response? We address this question using longitudinal data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (GSOEP) to examine the mix of care providers used by older Germans prior to enactment. We find that formal care is more likely to be used by those in the poorest health, the single, or the childless. The presence of daughters increases both the use of family and formal care sources. Future work with more recent waves of the GSOEP is needed to see if family care provision is sustained in an environment of universal public long-term care insurance.


Countries in transition have considered membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO) an important step toward integration in the international economic system. After several years of negotiations, five members of the former Soviet Union (FSU) - Armenia, the three Baltic countries, and the Kygryz Republic - may become members in 1998. It will probably take longer for Russia, Ukraine, and some others. It takes four to five years to process applications for FSU countries - which is close to average for recent applicants. The five countries expected to accede to the WTO this year are among the more liberal member of the FSU. With those five processed, there will be a backlog of another 26 application, most of them countries in transition, including China and Russia. At the current rate of processing, it will take five to six years to process them - and a decade or more for the 25 or so developing and transition economies that have yet to apply. Processing is tine-consuming because: legislative requirements needed for accession are time-consuming; candidate countries are weak institutionally and unfamiliar with the economic and legal issues to be addressed; the fact finding process is unnecessarily cumbersome and time-consuming; technical assistance to applicants in meeting the requirements for WTO accession is not effectively coordinated; and addressing the commercial interests of all members requires protracted negotiations. Governments seeking accession must coordinate the legislative and regulatory changes needed in their foreign trade regimes, adopt liberal trade policies, and identify areas of institutional weakness that require delays in implementation of WTO provisions and seek agreement on such delays. WTO members, for their part, should expedite the process, as universal membership is in everyone s best interest. They should: agree to suitable, time-bound extensions to allow acceding governments to address institutional weaknesses; provide coordinated assistance to acceding countries to strengthen their institutional capacity; and streamline the fact finding aspects of the accession process and give the WTO secretariat the budgetary resources it needs to work with applicant governments for this purpose.


Background I teach information architecture/user experience classes to adults in the Washington, D.C. area. Typically, the class consists of current or beginning practitioners who want to further explore the field. It also includes people who have a passion for information structure and helping others, workers who are changing direction in their jobs, and, often, people who have never heard of the terms but think it all sounds somewhat fascinating. Class participants often work on projects so we can experience some of the real-world challenges faced by people in the field. Several years ago, the class reshaped www.plainlanguage.gov to give it usable structure. I was proud of our work and described it in a 2006 Bulletin article [1]. Our finished product supported federal writers who were looking for resources on writing more clearly. But the site, highlighting definitions and benefits, also was positioned as an argument that government writing could be clear and understandable. Then times changed. In a 2011 Bulletin column, I identified the changes that had affected the global architecture. (Figure 1 illustrates these changes. Notice how the front page "map to site content" was removed from the 1996 build-out.) But what captured my attention more than anything else was how the rhetorical needs of the site had changed [2]. Thanks to new legislation, the site had a new purpose – it now serves as the "go-to location" for federal guidance on writing to support citizens and information on how agencies can comply with federal legislation. In fact, guidelines are the key to the new site structure.


The ways to construct the antenna arrays on the basis of the digital beamforming (DBF) technology and prospects their application for on-board radars have been considered.


kampf factory at Jouy near Versailles accurately reflect the changing taste of the French public in the last decade of the eighteenth century. This change can be observed in the subject matter chosen by their chief textile designer, Jean-Baptiste Huet, who was associated with the firm from 1783 until his death in 1811. In his earlier work, Huet portrayed both historical anecdotes and refined political allegories in addition to lively genre and romantic pastoral scenes. After the mid-179o's, he turned to the stricter, more academic neoclassic form of decoration that was in vogue during this period. Five examples of this later style are found on printed textiles designed by Huet and now in the collections of The Henry Francis du Pont Winterthur Museum. Their designs are generally organized within a dominant geometric framework, and the individual figures, scenes, and motifs are usually isolated and placed either in a void or set against a two-dimensionally patterned background. Depicting classical subjects in such a manner without specific spatial reference offers a clue to the sources from which Huet drew: antique coins, engraved gems, pieces of sculpture, and classical wall painting with similar organization of decorative elements. Because of the balanced composition, repetition of decorative units, and profusion of small details, the textiles make a striking display for window curtains, bed dressings, and slip covers. Pleasing to the eye, these textiles challenge the scholar to search for the sources used by the artist for his classical ornament. Of the five examples at Winterthur, the figures in the print labeled "Scenes antiques" (Fig. i), and dated circa 18oo by Henri Clouzot, are the most readily identifiable.1 Another portion of this print, in the Winterthur textile study collection, shows the Oberkampf stamp which, if in a complete form, would read: "MANUFACTURE DE OBERKAMPF. A JOUY. PRIS VERSAILLES. BON TEINT." (Fig. 2).2 In this piece there is an obvious overlap of another print. From the details of the head of Minerva, the


Contribution to the study to Boisea trivittata (Say, 1825) (Hemiptera: Rhopalidae) in Mexico Abstract: The hibernation of Boisea trivittata (Say, 1825) and its feedings habits on Acer negundo var. mexicanum are recorded for the first time in Mexico. Some biological observations are presented and discussed. A detailed study of the insect's DNA was also conducted and part of its possible phylogeny is illustrated.


A microgrid is a cluster of interconnected distributed generators, loads and intermediate storage units that cooperate with each other to be collectively treated by the grid as a controllable load or generator. Power quality events and pre-set conditions will make the microgrid disconnect from the main grid and operate as a separate island. This paper enumerates and discusses the issues concerning the island operation of microgrids. The microsources and storage device should co-operate with each other to maintain the integrity of the islanded microgrid. Six co-operation approaches proposed by various authors are presented. The strategies are then compared based on their applicability to different control requirements.


This issue of the Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences is dedicated to Robert L. Carroll in honour of his extensive contributions to vertebrate paleontology and evolution. This career resume presents an appreciation of his major contributions and lists his numerous scientific publications.


The purpose of the research is to determine the efficiency of coccidiostat combined with probiotic for treatment coccidiosis in rabbits in a comparative aspect.Materials and methods. Rabbits suffering from eimeriosis were treated with coccidiostat and probiotic. The anticoccidial drug of the benzeneacetonitrile group, Diclacox 2.5%, the active ingredient of which is diclazuril, and probiotic Mucinolextra, which is a freeze-dehydrated biomass of Bifidobacterium globosum, Enterococcus faecium, B. subtilis, and B. licheniformis at a concentration of 1010 CFU/g were used as preparations. Feces from the rabbits were examined every 3 days by the Fülleborn method to identify coccidia oocysts and determine the infection intensity and prevalence. On the first and last experiment days, the rabbits were weighed to assess the dynamics of live weight. The experiment duration was 15 days.Results and discussion. Coccidiostat Diclacox 2.5% combined with probiotic Mucinol-extra proved to be highly effective against coccidiosis in rabbits.


Heavy-lifts carrier is a new kind of ship. This paper discusses the specialties of heavy-lifts carrier and the way to keep ships stability and strength during loading and discharging. It also introduces the technology about heavy-lifts stowage and lashing. [


Based on the current development status of the video image processing and FPGA technology,a FPGA based real-time video image capture and display system is designed in this paper.Equipped with dedicated coding and decoding ship for image capture and display,the system adopts FPGA as the main control chip,which are composed of decoding chip initialization module,the encoding chip initialization module,FPGA image acquisition module and PLL setting module.FPGA-standard design flow and some commonly used techniques are taken to program the entire system.The focus is to realize the ordinary camera output image acquisition and display via the FPFA development platform,and ultimately connect the RCA port display screen.


The answers to "What is artwork" by the Western art philosophy of the 20th century, like the structure of onion, are coreless and uncertain. This implies that Western philosophic theories, though becoming more and more intensive, have been entangled by trivial issues and thus have lost the core and integrity and the proper function of interpretation. A tentative interpretation of the postmodern artworks is to be made under the condition that artworks are treated as an open concept and studied from the perspective of humanity testing,skill and intention , the identity of the works, variation and alienation.


racism in the advanced capitalist countries? Certainly ethnic groups are more than &dquo;imagined communities?&dquo; Perhaps more fundamentally, human's efforts since the beginning of time have been directed towards the control of nature. Thus the struggle by people (including some sociologists) to understand and even curb human's &dquo;natural&dquo; urge to dominate and exploit others in the name of the exercise of freedom and choice should be supported not derided. For in spite of our freedom we choose to wait for the traffic light to turn green before we cross the road. It is not uncommon for people to see that which exists as the eternal order of things; it is often reassuring particularly for the privileged. But to proclaim the end of history is to demonstrate a very poor sense of history.


The aim of this article is to reflect shortly on the teaching of Sign Languages as second languages for hearing people. After a general introduction on their characteristics, we make some psicolinguistic considerations about their visual-spatial modality: implication of perception, memory and execution processes; about their learning problems: hearing student´s difficulties to perceive, to memorize and to execute the manual parameters and the facial components; and on the most appropriate strategies for teaching this language. Some considerations are also made on the current state of the teaching of the Spanish Sign Language.


Based on constraining the spatial extent of urban expansion, the urban development boundary concept provides guidance on resource constraints and policy development for urban areas and aims to meet the new demands of urban development under the background of a new type of urbanization in China. We applied remote sensing and geographical information system (GIS) techniques, along with the slope, land use, exclusion, urban extent, transportation, and hill shade (SLEUTH) model, to identify urban growth boundaries in Changzhou City, China. We then comprehensively considered various land use regulation policies and the carrying capacity of land resources to construct an urban development boundary model. This model was tested using empirical data on the delineation of flexible and rigid urban development boundaries. We argue that China's position as the largest developing country in the world has resulted in significant uncertainties in its socioeconomic development; therefore, the construction of Chinese cities requires both flexible controls and a rigid management structure. The model developed in this study successfully meets the construction needs of China's urban development, particularly as it contains an optimal degree of generalizability.


Federal transfers to states and municipalities: regional disparities must be overcome. The federal government is planning additional measures to support states and municipalities in tackling the investment backlog. A change of the constitution is to allow for general federal transfers to finance major investments into the municipal education infrastructure. It is to replace the current regulation, which limits such transfers to the case of cash-strapped municapalities. Already the KInvFG I and II (laws to set up a federal fund financing municipal investment) have shown that the definition of a "cash-strapped" municipality is open to interpretation und a substantial part of the funds flows into rich states. However, the investment backlog is distributed rather unevenly across Germany. These enormous disparities have to be addressed by policy-makers as a priority. This requires a range of measures. The federal government must shoulder most of the cost of accommodation (Kosten der Unterkunft, KdU) of the long-term unemployed and it has to help with municipal debt reduction. States and municipalities require additional funds to meet their increasing responsibilities in integration and education. One way of transferring funds to states and municipalities would be to integrate the solidarity surcharge (a federal tax) into the income tax scale without (full) compensation for the federal government. Temporary federal programmes are insufficient and may, in case of a cyclical downturn, fall victim to the debt brake.


The Longqin grounding electrode lines and the pole address of Qingtai have experienced the single-pole earth return route,the single-pole metal return route,the double-pole full load,the double-pole over load and so on every operation ways.The lines maintenance and the measurement result indicated the lines and the address's operation are at the good condition.The earth resistance observed value is between 0.028~0.029 Ω.The biggest step voltage is smaller than 2.5 V,and not surpassed the design level.This paper suggests:promptly promulgates the grounding electrode lines and the address operation regulations and the overhaul regulations;when designing grounding electrode,consider the channel and the house relocation work,and when surveying introduces the intelligent survey technology in order to enhance the grounding electrode lines and the address operation level.


After the Social War, the tendency of municipalization became conspicuous in comparison with that before the war. The fact is confirmed recently by the archaeological researches. By marking the municipia on the map, I find that much more allies were made municipia after the war than before the war and the shift happened allover the peninsular. This tendency was the result of the citizenship policy. As it is known, the Roman citizenship was given to the citizens of the allies through some laws after the war. By this policy, the population of Rome was tripled. This situation might cause the alienation of the original Romans in voting assembly. So the old Roman citizens hesitated allowing the new ones make new tribes and attempted to lessen the power of their decision. As a result the incorporation of the new citizenry in the existing tribal system was not successful and this situation was one of the discontents against the Roman government. But the policy to make the allies into the municipia was more positive. The charters were given to the allies, which became small republics having the Roman image and recognized as res publica separately. By this municipalization the structure of Roman commonwealth in this period was like the united republics. As a result Italian elites had the double identity, that is, the Roman citizenship and the municipal membership. Cicero recommended that his friend should put more emphasis on the bigger nationality. His recommendation revealed that the tradition of self control had deep root in each municipal society and the new leaders who were once the magistrates of local society maintained the patriotic feeling on their own local societies. This fact was due to the policy of the Roman government, by which the municipia were granted the right of self government and allowed the traditional deity and customs. From this situation it was possible for the ruling class of the Italian allies to participate in the Roman political stages. So I can conclude that the Roman revolution named by Ronald Syme is not proper term for describing the last century of the Roman republic and that rather the evolution is proper because it takes the time of three generations to attain a meaningful result by making and reforming the legislative and legal system. And in order to understand the structure of Roman commonwealth deeply, it is necessary to research into the relationship between the local communities and the central control of the Roman government.


So-called 'domestic' or conjugal violence is currendy emerging as a central theme in literatures across the Pacific. Given that brutal treatment of women has been a stereotype of 'savage masculinity' regularly activated in colonial representations for pragmatic imperial purposes, most writers have recognized that any such engagement with critique of domestic violence within indigenous societies is fraught.1 The question of reaction to domestic violence is related both to the imperatives of solidarity with one's partner or group of origin and to the wider questions of the return to (or return of), Custom. This form of female scarification also raises complex and unspeakable questions of the body; of desire, pain and pleasure, of seduction, and of revenge.In earlier studies, I compared the extent to which the questions of gender were becoming significant elements in the modifications of political and social systems across the Francophone and the Anglophone Pacific.2 Almost all of the writers who have been classed as 'indigenous' present the power relation between the sexes as a central issue but less in relation to current European categories such as sexual equality, sexual and psychological abuse, paedophilia or women's rights than in relation to their own history and society. I conclude that, as Michelle Keown argues for Samoa, the oppression of women and indeed children cannot be seen merely as a result of white hegemony or of repressive indigenous practices but must be considered in the frame of the complex dialectical exchanges between varied cultural systems.3 This leads simultaneously, as Keown demonstrates, to a certain deconstruction of the emotional regimes and texts of love of Western society. It also deconstructs what Linda Tuhiwai Smith has called the 'Authentic, Essentialist, Deeply Spiritual' indigenous Other and the idea of a salvatory, if primitive, original and separate Customary communities.4 A thought-provoking paper by Patrick Evans on Maori writing denounces the effects of what Witi Ihimaera has come to call Takeha-style biculturalism' and examines the gap between 'the facts of material history' and the myth of the 'unharmed', ideal, if 'distant' spiritual indigeneity historically created by Pakeha. This 'compensatory and superior authenticity' constructed within a bicultural frame is seen as invented by the dominant culture and adopted by Maori writers.5In 2005, some decades after Alan Duff and Keri Hulme's Maori novels, in which a return to Custom ultimately promised a departure from domestic .violence, the first Kanak novel L'Epave (The Wreck) was published in a limited edition in New Caledonia, a French Overseas Country still working its way toward a form of independence and cohabitation of cultures.6 Although its author Dewe Gorode claims that 'each generation must resolve the return of the past in its own way', her novel appears somewhat less confident than Hulme's or Duffs that return to tradition will provide the solution to the problem of social or sexual violence.7 For, what does return in Gorode's novel, spiraling forward to future generations and back to founding myths, is the experience of often incestuous violence against very young girls.Dewe Gorode, the single published Kanak woman poet and writer, is also an independence activist and Vice-President of the present 'collegial' Government of New Caledonia. Her volumes of poems, short stories and a novella, published from the 1980s, foreground the value of Kanak women's traditions and daily lives.8 These are self-effacing existences lived in the service of the extended family, although often at the hub of the husband's clan. As in Kanak painter, Paula Boi's painting, Les richesses de la femme, they are also rich and colourful, transmitting or transforming women's traditional arts. The richness women possess, or the riches they bring to the community, are seen as deriving most particularly from women's transmission of Kanak ways of being in the world. …


. A GUI (graphical user interface) has been a dominant platform for HCI (human computer interaction). A GUI-based interaction has made computers simpler and easier to use. The GUI-based interaction, however, does not easily support the range of interaction necessary to meet users' needs that are natural, intuitive, and adaptive. In this paper, the modified BMA (block matching algorithm) is proposed to track a hand in a sequence of an image and to recognize it in each video frame in order to replace a mouse with a pointing device for a virtual reality. The HCI system with 30 frames per second is realized in this paper. The modified BMA is proposed to estimate a position of the hand and segmentation with an orientation of motion and a color distribution of the hand region for real-time processing. The experimental result shows that the modified BMA with the YCbCr (luminance Y, component blue, component red) color coordinate guarantees the real-time processing and the recognition rate. The YCbCr color coordinate requires less bits to be coded than the RGB (red, green, blue) color coordinate with omitting the luminance of each pixel color and has less sensitivity to surrounding circumstances. The hand tracking by the modified BMA can be applied to a virtual reality or a game or an HCI system for the disable.


Characterising existing approaches to operational complexity, it can be stated that for those metrics are characterful different factors used as variables such as product structure, machine composition, number of technological functions performed by machine, and others. Moreover, the complexity metrics using the information content as a basis can be divided into two groups: those which define complexity as an absolute entropy quantity, and metrics defining complexity as the relative entropy magnitude. Our view on the operational complexity is based on an assumption that process complexity value obtained as a sum of the partial complexities is not so important than a balanced operational complexity value expressing relative quantity to equilibrium levels. Accordingly, this paper introduces the novel operational complexity measure that initially identifies operational complexities of individual machines based on the number of parts, machines and operations. In the subsequent steps, these sub-measures are used to define summary complexity measure involving two balanced operational complexity characteristics. The novel measure can be effectively used to find the most suitable layout design alternative. For the purpose to prove its effectiveness, on two practical cases where tested its practicability by comparing it to the complexity indicator expressing the sum of the partial complexities.


Small molecule alcohols (methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol) are fuels limited by their oxidative kinetics. For these small molecules to be used as fuels, catalysts must be developed. One domain of chemicals which has not had its catalytic properties entirely studied are lanthanides. These lanthanides contain many properties not found in d-block metals or other compounds frequently used as catalysts. The ability to catalyze oxidation of small molecule alcohols is studied here. Performance of these lanthanides as a catalyst are measured for each small molecule using common voltametric techniques. Plausible mechanisms for any charge transfer enhancement are also estimated.


How the ancient Egyptians managed to raise a seven million tonne pyramid in a time span of only twenty years remains a mystery. Every now and then discussions flare up as to how exactly the pyramids at Giza in Egypt were constructed. How could they cut stone without the necessary chisels? How did they manage to drag 2.5 million blocks of stone, each weighing several tons, as high as 140 metres above the desert? Or did they? Perhaps the ancient Egyptians were brilliant engineers who poured broken up limestone and cement into moulds to form made-to-measure? Cut or cast? That is the question which Dr Menno How the ancient Egyptians managed to raise a seven million tonne pyramid in a time span of only twenty years remains a mystery. Every now and then discussions flare up as to how exactly the pyramids at Giza in Egypt were constructed. How could they cut stone without the necessary chisels? How did they manage to drag 2.5 million blocks of stone, each weighing several tons, as high as 140 metres above the desert? Or did they? Perhaps the ancient Egyptians were brilliant engineers who poured broken up limestone and cement into moulds to form made-to-measure? Cut or cast? That is the question which Dr Menno Blaauw, head of Facilities & Services at the Reactor Institute Delft, subjected to the latest analysis techniques.


The article provides a definition of landscape aesthetics and reveals the objectives of this research area. The relation between the concepts «landscape» and «scenery» is given. The justification of the allocation of landscape-scenery complexes using systematic method is conducted. Landscape-scenery complexes of the basin of the Pyshma River in the Tyumen region are identified. Standards of aesthetic appeal of the landscape-scenery complexes for this region are established on the basis of existing methods. The evaluation scale of aesthetic value of landscapes is represented. The article gives the main features of landscape structure in the territory of the basin of the Pyshma River in the Tyumen region and the aesthetical evaluation has been made. The aesthetical zoning is offered and application card, which gives an idea of the basic laws of landscape differentiation on aesthetic grounds, has been made. This kind of card can become the basis for planning recreational activities. Proposed typology of landscapes can be considered in the development of measures to optimize the using of the environmental resources.