This paper deals with the application of marine predator algorithm (MPA) for the fine tuning of PID controller's gain for frequency regulation of renewable energy penetrated standalone microgrid (MG). The considered plant consists of solar and wind power sources, diesel generator (DG), flywheel, battery, fuel cell and aqua electrolyser. To reflect the practical condition, dead-band type nonlinearity is considered under all the generating and storage elements. Step load change is considered for the benchmarking of the proposed frequency regulation scheme. The proposed MPA:PID control performance is vividly compared with the sine cosine algorithm tuned PID (SCA:PID) and teaching learning-based optimization tuned PID (TLBO:PID) in terms of transient and steady state performance. Under all the considered load demand, the frequency deviations are under the permissible limit of IEEE standard. A MATLAB/Simulink environment is used for the entire study.


Through the assessment of economic and social benefit of the utilization of biomass resources in Anhui Province,the paper founds economic and social benefit of the utilization of biomass resources is very good,but the paper analyzes the development status of the utilization of biomass resources to find that the level of the development and utilization of biomass energy is very low and distance between the development and utilization is very far,by analyzing the reasons,the paper brings up the suggestion about the development of biomass energy.


Badminton,as a sport which has a wide market base can rely on career-oriented business model to promote healthy and sustainable development of the project.The topic we study based on Chinese Badminton Super Club League,combined with our existing professional sports development course,badminton development characteristics,etc.,made to promote China's badminton club industry in sustainable development counter measures.Raised:clear system of property rights,improve and increase monitoring efforts,handle government function transformation,in order to effectively promote badminton market-oriented,professional and promote Chinese Badminton Super Club League industry's sustainable development in a better way.


. The most popular pattern finding method in data mining is association rule mining. Association rule mining is to extract interesting correlations and frequent patterns. However, many of the discovered rules will be obvious, already known, or not relevant. Therefore, recent research has concentrated on various forms of interestingness measures. We evaluate how closely rules match the common sense knowledge. We developed an algorithm of knowledge discovery with association rule using the common sense knowledge network (CSKN).


An acoustic channel is used for fault diagnosis, repair, and upgrades. Remote diagnosis uses self-test data encoded into sound waves. Repair data and upgrades are also encoded and transmitted as sound waves.


In our March/April issue Dr Parker wrote about the emergence of discount grocery shopping in Dublin. Now he turns his attention to shopping centres, and in particular to the MEPC scheme in Dun Laoghaire and the two Irish Life developments in Dublin city centre. Dublin is well provided with shopping centres in its suburbs; the policy described in this feature shows that the clear intention on the part of the planners is to strengthen the town centres rather than allow retailing to dissipate in the suburbs.


This study aimed to synthesize alumina from an inorganic aluminum nitrate precursor in various binary solvent systems of ethanol and water using the sol-gel self-assembly (SSA) method, employing a triblock copolymer, pluronic P123, as the pore-directing agent. The resulting materials were implemented as a support for the cobalt (Co) catalyst in a methane dry reforming (MDR) reaction at 1073 K under 1 atm. Regardless of the water percentage used in the support synthesis, the methane dry reforming reaction over Co catalysts on alumina supports showed the negligible change in conversion during the 12 h reaction. Moreover, there was evidence of large quantities of amorphous carbon and graphitic carbon on the spent catalyst surface. However, the low oxidation temperature of these deposited carbons could help maintain the balance between the carbon formation and the carbon elimination processes on the catalyst surface during the reforming reaction, hence prolonging the lifetime of the catalyst. The high conversion of methane (CH4) from 64.6% to 82.8% and carbon dioxide (CO2) from 70.7% to 86.6% for the MDR reaction over the as-prepared alumina-supported Co catalyst demonstrated a significant improvement in catalyst production for the MDR reaction from the viewpoint of large-scale applications.


Introduction.  Surgery remains the main method of treatment of patients with bladder cancer, and the only radical surgery is cystectomy with lymphadenectomy and a rationally selected method of urinary diversion. In the Chelyabinsk Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary, an original method of orthotopic neobladder reconstruction in bladder cancer patients was developed. Objective:  to improve the results of surgical treatment and the quality of life of patients with bladder cancer who underwent cystectomy. Materials and methods.  The article presents results of a study of patients with bladder cancer who underwent orthotopic ileocystoplasty after radical cystectomy using a unique original technique. The reservoir was formed using a segment of the ileum of 45–50 cm in length with a 20–25 cm offset from the ileocecal junction. It's important to preserve nutrition of the resected fragment. One of the branches of the ileocolic artery supplies blood to the distant part of the ileum which explains the necessity of the offset. After examination of the mesentery for unusual blood supply, the necessary intestinal segment was resected. Intestinal patency was restored by application of an anastomosis side-to-side with double row suture on the mucosa and serous-muscular layer. The reservoir was formed by application of an enteroenterostomy side-to-side with one row inverting continuous suture. Before that, the resected small-intestinal segment was detubulized (dissected) through the antimesenteric margin for 12–15 cm. Results.  This method has the lowest rate of complications; doesn»t affect overall, cancer-specific and recurrence-free survival. Conclusion.  The proposed method of neobladder formation allows to significantly improve the results of bladder cancer treatment.


25 This study aimed to deliver short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs, including propionic and 26 butyric acids) using Pickering emulsions stabilised by hydrophobically modified 27 cellulose nanocrystals (MCNCs). The emulsions (20 wt% oil, 1 wt% MCNCs) were 28 subjected to two in vitro digestion pathways. In the first pathway, the emulsions were 29 used for direct intestinal digestion by bypassing the gastric phase while in the 30 second pathway, the emulsions were subjected to sequential gastrointestinal 31 digestion. Flocculation of emulsion droplets occurred because of charge screening 32 effects by the gastric electrolytes. Such gastric flocculation reduced the droplet 33 surface area, overall lipolysis kinetics and consequently decreased the extent of 34 SCFA release, latter was 40 – 45% in the gastric-bypassed emulsions and 30 – 35% in 35 the sequentially-digested emulsions. High proportion of SCFAs remaining after the 36 intestinal digestion (~ 65%) shows promise in the use of Pickering emulsions for the 37 colon - targeted delivery of SCFAs.


Bacterial polyester poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and alkaline lignin composites were prepared via melt processing method, and the influence of amorphous lignin on the crystallization behavior and thermal properties of PHBV were investigated. It was found that dual melting peaks appeared in DSC curves of PHBV/lignin composites, while only one single peak existed in PHBV. The non-isothermal crystallization process analyzed by Jeziorny method suggested that lignin changed the nucleation mode of composites and hindered the crystallization rate of PHBV. Data calculated from the results of WAXD demonstrated that lignin did not change the basic crystal structure of PHBV, but decreased the average size of the lamellar stacks. POM results confirmed that the effect of lignin on the crystallization behavior of PHBV carried out in two opposite way, namely the enhanced effect of nucleation and the hindered effect of growth. Besides, the thermal stability of composites was also decreased significantly. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41325.


The linearity between CT numbers and iodine concentrations is proved analytically provided the correlations between the atoms are negligible. This relationship is applied to correct the CT numbers in the ICA regions in monochromatic images of dual energy CT with the slow kV-switching technique where one scan with a low/high tube voltage follows by another scan with a high/low voltage. The iodine concentration may change significantly during the kV-switching. The resultant CT numbers in ICA regions may not be meaningful in the monochromatic images from pre-reconstruction decompositions because the data with the low/high voltages are not consistent. Using the linearity between CT numbers and iodine concentrations, the CT numbers in ICA regions can be corrected by referring to the CT numbers in the polychromatic images with the low/high voltages. A numerical simulation and a phantom study are performed to examine the linearity between CT numbers and iodine concentrations. The CT number correction by use of the linearity is tested in the numerical simulation study in slow kV-switching dual energy CT. The results show that the corrected CT numbers by use of the linearity are accurate.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of domestic meropenem in the prevention of abdominal infection in patients with severe acute pancreatitis. METHODS: Randomized double-blind controlled trails were adopted. Patients with severe acute pancreatitis were randomly divided into trial group and control group. Trial group received domestic meropenem 500 mg t.i.d. for 7~14 days, and control group received imported imipenem/cilastatin 500 mg t.i.d. for 7~14 days. Their vital signs, APACHEⅡ score, blood routine, liver function and renal function, as well as objective signs such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and distension were recorded. The mortality and incidence ofinfection were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: 28 patients of trial group and control group were enrolled respectively. 27 patients of trial group and 25 patients of control group could receive curative effect evaluation, and 25 patients in each group could receive safety evaluation. The incidences of abdominal infection in trial group and control group were 14.8% and 16.0% respectively (P0.05). The incidences of adverse drug reaction in trial group and control group were 20.0% and 24.0% respectively (P0.05). CONCLUSION: Domestic meropenem has the same effect as imported imipenem/cilastatin in the prophylactic antibiotics treatment of severe acute pancreatitis.


The IEEE Computer Society Board of Governors remains focused on continuing the transformation of the Society so that we can provide increasing value to our membership.


Simple Summary Mycoplasma bovis is an emerging pathogen of economic and welfare concern for both adult and young cattle. A study was conducted to determine the prevalence of M. bovis in adult cows and calves in the southwest region of Western Australia. Nasal swabs and blood samples were collected from the animals and bulk tank milk samples were assessed for both seroprevalence and active infections of M. bovis infections in adult cows and calves. The study recorded a high seroprevalence of M. bovis in 699 apparently healthy adult lactating cows and 495 young calves on 29 dairy farms. The herd-level seroprevalence was also detected as being higher in both adult lactating cows and calves. No current active infections were recorded on the farms. The female calves and pure Holstein–Friesian animals were found to be twice as likely to be seropositive for M. bovis compared to male calves and the Holstein–Friesian crossbred calves. The high seroprevalence of M. bovis in both adult and young cattle in the southwest dairy farms of Western Australia warrants more effective farm biosecurity measures and further evaluation of the current prevention and management measures practiced on the farms. Abstract Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis) can cause a multitude of diseases in cattle, with detrimental effects on the farm economy and the welfare of both adult and young cattle. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of M. bovis in adult cows and calves in the south-west region of Western Australia. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 29 dairy farms with 699 apparently healthy adult lactating cows and 495 young calves during 2019–2020. Nasal swabs and blood samples collected from the animals and bulk tank milk (BTM) samples were assessed for M. bovis-specific proteins and antibodies by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Mycoplasma immunogenic lipase A- Enzyme-Linked Immune Sorbent Assay (MilA ELISA). A seroprevalence of 42.5% (95% CI: 38.9–46.2) and 61% (95% CI: 56.6–65.2) was found in adult lactating cows and calves, respectively. The herd-level seroprevalence of M. bovis ranged from 4% (95% CI: 07–19.5) to 92% (95% CI: 75.0–97.8) in adult lactating cows and 25% (95% CI: 10.2–49.5) to 87% (95% CI: 67.9–95.5) for calves in these farms. None of the BTM and nasal swab samples were positive for M. bovis, indicating an absence of any current active infections on the farms. The female calves and pure Holstein–Friesian animals are twice as likely to be seropositive for M. bovis compared to male calves (OR 2.4; 95% CI: 1.7–3.5) and Holstein–Friesian crossbred calves (OR 2.4; 95% CI: 1.7–3.5). The high seroprevalence in both adult and young cattle in the southwest dairy farms of Western Australia warrants more effective farm biosecurity measures and further evaluation of the current prevention and management measures practiced on the farms.


M and US imaging are two widely used imaging modalities to screen and assess potential breast lesions. US imaging in particular has low sensitivity and low positive predictive value, which leads to unnecessary follow-up and biopsy collection. Thus, there is a need to develop imaging methods that better differentiate between normal and benign tissues. Microbubbles are gas-filled lipid or protein particles that can enhance US imaging contrast due to differences in acoustic pressure upon US imaging. In recent years, microbubbles have been functionalized to target different cellular and molecular markers that would allow for a more specific signal to be observed if a breast lesion was present. B7-H3 is an emerging molecular imaging and immunotherapy target that is differentially expressed on endothelial cells surrounding benign or malignant breast tissues. Affibodies are small affinity molecules that have higher tissue penetrability than antibodies. Taken together, Bam et al developed and assessed B7-H3specific affibody (ABY B7-H3)-coated microbubbles (MBABY-B7-H3) for US visualization of breast tumors in two preclinical mouse models. In a first model, the authors use an orthotopic xenograft model with human breast MDA-MB-231 cells with MS1 endothelial cell line that did (MSB7-H3) or did not (MSWT) express B7-H3. A single mouse in these experiments had MDA-MB-231 tumors in both flanks that were co-engrafted with MSB7-H3 in the left flank and MSWT in the right flank. US imaging with MBABY-B7-H3 resulted in a significantly higher imaging signal in the left flank with MSB7-H3. They additionally tested nonspecific microbubbles (MBNon-targeted) and found that mice injected with MBABY-B7-H3 had higher US signal at the tumor site. The authors then performed a second experiment in a MMTVPyMT transgenic mouse model that spontaneously develops mammary tumors expressing mouse B7-H3. Similar to the previous experiment, mice that received MBABY-B7-H3 had significantly higher US imaging signals than control mice that received MBNon-targeted at the tumor site. Taken together, the development and clinical translation of targeted microbubbles for US imaging signal enhancement may help to increase the sensitivity of breast cancer detection in the clinic. —Adeline N. Boettcher


The demand of quality power is increasing continuously. The problem of global warming and rate of decrease of non-renewable energy sources are increasing day by day. Hence renewable energy sources such as fuel cell, solar, Magneto hydro Dynamic (MHD), geothermal are the best alternatives to solve the problem of environmental issue and increasing demand of energy.  The output of these resources is dc, therefore to connect these resources to the grid, multilevel inverter is the key device. But the output of multilevel inverter has power quality issues such as harmonic generation and notching due to conversion of dc to ac and high number of switch. Hence, this paper deals with harmonic elimination using Genetic Algorithm based Selective Harmonic Elimination (GA-SHE) techniques for asymmetric and symmetric topology of MLI. In the present study, comparative study among the 5-level, 7-level, 9-level, 11-level and 15-level multilevel inverters with reduced number of switches topologies has been discussed. A novel topology of 15-level inverter which consists least number of switches has been designed for a desired voltage level. Also, the comparison of Total harmonic distortion developed in the output voltage generated by different topology at different levels with the proposed 15-level inverter topology are discussed.


This thesis deals with the development of diode laser pumped solid state lasers. The earliest work presented enabled 125W peak power, single frequency Q-switched pulses to be obtained from a 100mW diode laser pumped Nd:YAG laser. Using a 500mW diode laser as a pump source for C.W. Nd:YAG and Nd:YLF oscillators an Yb:Er fibre laser was pumped, producing 0.75mW C.W. power at a wavelength of 1.56µm. Acousto-optic mode-locking techniques were used to provide C.W. mode-locked pulse durations in Nd:YAG and Nd:YLF of 55ps and 18ps respectively, at repetition rates of 240MHz. Frequency modulation mode-locking was shown to be a superior technique, giving pulse durations of 11.5ps and 10ps in diode laser pumped Nd:YAG and Nd:YLF oscillators respectively. FM operation of diode laser pumped Nd:YAG lasers was investigated, yielding a maximum FM bandwidth of 70GHz. Spatial hole burning was considered to be an important factor in this result. Using a 1W diode laser to pump a mode-locked and Q-switched Nd:YLF oscillator peak power levels of 70kW were obtained at a wavelength of 1.047µm. Frequency doubling this output in MgO:LiNbO3 with an energy conversion efficiency of 47% enabled other tunable lasers to be pumped using the second harmonic. Firstly, a synchronously pumped rhodamine 6G dye laser is described which is capable of producing 3.2ps mode-locked pulses in a Q-switched envelope with peak powers of around 10kW. Secondly, a synchronously pumped doubly resonant optical parametric oscillator tunable between 983nm and 1119nm is described. Lastly, a Ti:Sapphire laser producing 400ns pulses with peak powers of 3W at a wavelength of 755nm is demonstrated. This oscillator could be wavelength tuned between 746nm and 838nm. A highly efficient method of frequency doubling C.W. mode-locked lasers was developed. Using an external resonant cavity a frequency doubling energy conversion efficiency of 61% to 532nm was achieved, giving 87mW average power in 8.5ps pulses.


Claudia, Karen, and Quinten: Thank you all for participating in this virtual roundtable. Let's get things started with a key question: Why do so many countries, including in the Asia region, continue to rely on punitive approaches to drug use and dependence when such approaches are unsupported by evidence? Ajeng: This is an excellent, and complex, question. The six decades-long "drug war" propaganda is a key contributor. From generation to generation, we have been falsely told that drugs are evil. I still remember seeing huge banners in Jakarta's streets portraying two men, one in a coffin—supposedly the person who uses drugs—and the second one—who does not use drugs—in a graduation cap. We have been taught to blindly hate drugs, and to (wrongly) believe that drugs are harmful for society. The punitive approach is seen as a "course correction" for drug use, although there is no evidence of a correlation between punitive approaches and decreases in drug use and dependence. Karyn: The lack of informed political leadership promoting failed approaches such as the criminalization of people who use drugs is a recipe for disaster in terms of promoting effective and rights-based approaches to drug-related issues in society. Until there was an organized movement of people who use drugs—who'd been through the system (forced rehabilitation, prison, detention, etc.)—to protest their "treatment" and conditions, and the inhumanity and disproportionality of punitive drug-related policies and the law,


PURPOSE: Scapular dyskinesis occurs in baseball players at all levels, which may result in functional abnormalities and throwing injuries throughout a career. Strengthening the musculature that supports the position of the scapula is necessary for improving shoulder joint health and performance. The purpose of this study was to determine if improvements in scapular muscle strength and stability in high school baseball players are facilitated more from a traditional resistance training program (TRT) or a combination of traditional strength training plus resistance band training (TRT+B). METHODS: Seventeen high school baseball players and nine, age-matched controls (non-players) were recruited for this study (age: 16.5 +/1.1 yrs). The baseball players were then randomly assigned to a TRT or TRT+B group. During the 6-wk pre-season program, the TRT group completed a resistance program 3 days/wk. The TRT+B group completed nine resistance band exercises, 3 days/wk in addition to the traditional resistance training program. Participants underwent preand posttesting using the following assessments: 1) Lateral Scapular Slide Test (LSST); 2) Functional Stability Test (FST); 3) Dumbbell Row Test; and 4) Dumbbell Reverse Fly Test. RESULTS: For each arm position in the LSST, no significant differences were observed for group and time (p > .05). Although, data trends suggest that TRT was more effective at improving scapular stability compared to TRT+B. Significant differences were found in the FST (p .05) were found in dumbbell row and reverse fly tests for group and time. However, TRT+B did show the most improvement with a 14.7% and 10% increase in dumbbell row and reverse fly repetitions posttraining, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: According to results, TRT+B and TRT demonstrated similar effects on measures of scapular mobility and shoulder function. TRT+B was superior at improving functional scapular stability as measured through the FST. Thus, the addition of resistance band training to a TRT program may be of benefit to improve scapular function in high school baseball players.


OBJECTIVE To study the compatible stability of shenmai injection with fructose injection.METHODS The pH value of the solution was tested,the solution content was determined by HPLC and UV,the colour and clarity was observed to study the stability of shenmai injection with fructose injection.RESULTS The UV and pH was no significant changes after matching for 24 hours.But change of HPLC after 4 hours.CONCLUSION It will be unstable for the shenmai injection with fructose injection.Clinical use should be prudent.


Abstract:Kim Myŏngsun (1896–1951) experienced a difficult life despite her career, which seemed alluring to the eyes of aspiring young women in colonial Korea: she was a novelist, a poet, a translator, an actress, and a journalist during a time when only a handful of women could have professions in the cultural sector. Kim's personal and public life was filled with numerous challenges; she constantly faced criticism for her "vanity," "licentiousness," and "lack of literary talent," attributes that were often associated with New Women like Kim. Criticism put forward by male writers and literary critics was especially harsh, and their fictional and journalistic accounts of Kim largely contributed to the creation of her negative image: she was branded as a "fallen woman" for she was neither a "good mother" nor a "chaste woman." Male writers' malicious attacks on the New Women were a manifestation of masculinity that was rearranged in the process of colonialism: the hierarchy between the colony and the metropole was renegotiated in the cultural domain where male social elites reclaimed their patriarchy at the expense of female subjectivity. This article attempts to uncover how gender, sexuality, and nationhood were mutually constituted in the New Woman discourse in colonial Korea by examining essays and columns in a magazine, Sin yŏsŏng (The New Woman), and juxtaposing literary representation and self-representation of the New Woman. It analyzes fictional narratives by Kim Myŏngsun and Kim Tongin (1900–1951), examining conflicting views on the New Woman wherein the politics of gender and sexuality intersect with cultural nationalism and colonialism.


(...) All three evaluations showed that resistant cultivars became infected by wheat soilborne mosaic virus, and symptoms were most pronounced during early jointing in February and March. In resistant cultivars, high ELISA values and high virus concentrations occurred later in the growing season than those in susceptible cultivars. Results form a study conducted in a growth chamber indicated that the late-season rise in ELISA values observed in resistant cultivars is related to tiller maturity rather than to sampling date


Digital image processing has been in a fast progress and used in many fileds. The use of the digital image processing in Islamic universities has not been widely used but only used in some deparments such as Computer Engineering, Electronic Engineering, and Medical Faculty. Meanwhile, digital image processing can be used to develop Arabic study and Islamic manuscript research. In Islamic education, it can be used to develop Arabic study to identify certain texts such as isim, fiil and letters from image. And so is in Islamic manuscript research, digital image processing helps identifying certain fading text because of age. The objective of this study is to describe how to identify a text in Alquran digital image using processing software, digital image processing. Hopefully, this study can be used as a guidance for the following researches in language field and ancient Islamic manuscript in Islamic Universities. This study uses Normalized Cross Correlative methods. This method give correlation value between -1 until 1, where 1 indicate that two have same the exact same shape. This study use the word Allah in Alquran Utsmani as an object sample that will be detected. It uses Python language programming to apply the methods. The main library used here is OpenCV. The experiment has detected the text of the word Allah in Alquran image with 90% average of similarity. The application of Digital image processing can be used for Islamic studies, especially in Arabic study and Islamic manuscript research. The application of Digital Image Processing skill can support the development of the 21 st Curricullum in Islamic universities.


Copyright © 2022 The Korean Society of Radiology In this editorial, I will briefly review some of the activities of the Korean Journal of Radiology (KJR) in 2021 and explain the changes planned in 2022. In 2021, the world continued to suffer from the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). However, the massive impact of COVID-19 on scientific publications witnessed by us in 2020 [1,2] seems to have largely disappeared by 2021 in the field of radiology. KJR received a much smaller number of manuscripts on COVID-19 in 2021 than in 2020. This abrupt change is different from that experienced by general medical journals. For example, the majority of the articles published in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 2021 were still related to COVID-19. The rapid shrinkage of research studies on COVID-19 in radiology was because although radiology is a discipline mainly focused on diagnosis, the approach in dealing with the pandemic has shifted from diagnosis to vaccination and treatment/patient management in 2021. The KJR published eight articles related to COVID-19 in 2021 [3-9]. This number was much lower than that in 2020 and only two of them concerned the diagnosis of lung disease (commentaries on articles published in 2020) [8,9]. Other articles involved vaccination-associated lymphadenopathy [3,4], a meta-analysis of related neuroimaging findings [5], and modeling for patient management [6,7]. These topics reflect the phase shift in dealing with the pandemic. Notably, with the population-based large-scale vaccination campaign, COVID-19 vaccine-related lymphadenopathy that mimics malignant lymphadenopathy has become an issue that radiologists should be aware of [3,4]. As the manuscript submission and publication returned to the usual flow, artificial intelligence (AI) was a dominant topic addressed by the KJR in 2021. External validation/testing is critical for research studies involving AI [10,11]. KJR pays close attention to external validation/testing while reviewing manuscripts, as demonstrated by some recent articles [7,12-14]. One particular issue that is garnering attention with respect to the introduction of AI in radiology is "opportunistic" automated body composition analyses using imaging performed for other targeted purposes such as quantitative measurements of bone mineral density, visceral and subcutaneous fat, skeletal muscle, liver fat, coronary vascular calcification, and organ size [12,15-19]. The labor-intensive nature of manual (or even semi-automated) body composition measurements has largely prevented their translation from the research realm to routine clinical practice or large-scale population healthcare [15]. However, the emergence of automated AI-based approaches has paved the way for both efficient prospective clinical reporting and large-scale studies [15]. The association between skeletal muscle mass and patient outcomes is currently an area of active research [20-22]. The KJR is interested in receiving and publishing research studies that broadly address how the use of various body composition measurements, which were previously neglected in image interpretation, may change the radiology practice in the future. There will be a few notable changes in the KJR in 2022. Several new article categories have been added, which include


This textbook acquaints the reader with normal and pathologic anatomy as depicted on dynamic or real-time scanning. Chapters are organized by specialty, such as abdominal, urologic, or pediatric. The text is illustrated with still-frame images and line drawings. The drawings show important areas of interest and provide graphic notation as to where and in what orientation the scan was obtained.


SUMMARY We studied theaccident department management andsurvival ofallseriously injured patients brought totheKentandCanterbury hospital overoneyear. Thephysiological state onarrival andtheinjuries ofeachpatient werecodedandprobabilities ofsurvival calculated byreference totheTraumaScore andInjury Severity Score(the TRISS method). Thisenabled abroadcomparison withNorthAmerican results butalso drew attention tocases inwhichsurvival andprediction wereinconsistent. We discuss the worthofthemethodasatoolforlocal audit ofemergency care.


Emotional labour is conceived as a commodity that is exchanged in return for a wage and the performance of which requires management of emotions by adhering to the feeling rules of an organisation. Using ethnography, this paper examines the concept of emotional labour performed by a woman at the start-up phase of a home based business enterprise within the Kesarwani community in India. It outlines the ' feeling rules ' for women in the kesarwani caste group and argues that emotional labour is performed in transcending the ' feeling rules ' but remains, unrecognised and unpaid, primarily because it is performed within the home.


SUBTITLE: THERE IS NO LONGER ANY GOOD REASON FOR OWNER OPERATORS TO BE LEFT BEHIND ON THE INFORMATION HIGHWAY WHILE ON THE ROAD.


In order to supply laser-light-source which owns the trait of high stabilization of frequency beat-wave interferomete mechanism of thermal frequency stabilizing of double-longitudinal mode was studied.Based on the mechanism,the length of laser tube was controlled by controlling the discharging electrical current of laser as mainly controlling way and using advanced faradic way as little controlling way,which is a original creation.The fuzzy PID controller was designed to stabilize laser frequency based on the fuzzy controlling theories and expert systems,which doesn't need to found the mode of researched objects.The fuzzy PID controller has a quit adaptive ability for time lag,non-linearity and timeliness.The experiment results of the frequency stabilizing system demonstrated that the precision of frequency stabilizing has little change,but the time of advance heating is obviously shortened and the ability of anti-jamming obviously strengthened.Even if a strong jam acts on the system,it also can soon come back after getting ride of the jam.


Under the Weight of History. Leigh Ronald Grossman, ed. Sense of Wonder: A Century of Science Fiction. Rockville, MD: Wildside Press, 2011. 991 pp. ISBN 9781434430793. $50 pbk.edited by Applewhite Minyard and with shifting publishers but currently published by Glencoe McGraw-Hill, starts with Jules Verne but only continues until 1996 and only includes 27 stories. Tom Shippey's 2003 The Oxford Book of Science Fiction Stories starts with H. G. Wells in 1903, far from the start of the genre, and ends with David Brin in 1990. Heather Masri's 2009 Science Fiction: Stories and Contexts by Bradford/St. Martin's starts as early as Hoffmann's 1816 "The Sandman" and ends with Rosenbaum's 2004 "Start the Clock." Masri's anthology provides two thematic tables of contents and also includes a number of robust critical essays, such as Haraway's "A Cyborg Manifesto," which I found helpful but students found difficult. Leigh Grossman's anthology is an ambitious contribution to such a historical overview of sf, starting with proto-sf works such as excerpts from Edgar Rice Burroughs' A Princess of Mars (1917) and Samuel Butler's Erewhon (1872) and ending with works as recent as Ayana R. Abdallah's "Shadow Catcher" (2011). Unlike many anthologies, this work rather boldly includes short stories, excerpts from novels, poems, and even a play in the often referenced but rarely anthologized R.U.R. (1920). There are a large number of works that also vary extensively in aesthetics and politics from Miles Breuer's pulpy "The Gostak and the Doshes" (1930) to Kurt Vonnegut, Jr.'s "2BRO2B" (1962). Sf is an extraordinarily diverse literary form and Grossman's anthology captures much of that diversity. It is combined with the editor's brief accounts of the genre's development, longer than usual biographies on the authors, and a large number of short articles on a range of topics. It even includes appendices with short guides for writing and submitting sf. It is an ambitious project and one that I fear sinks under its own historical weight and becomes unmanageable for its intended purpose, an anthology for a course in sf.In its attempt to include nearly everything, it becomes overly long at 991 pages; but what is even worse, the anthology uses a small font and is organized with three columns to a page with little white space between the columns. I found it hard to read; my students would resist entirely. There is little separation between the biographies and the literary work, and the articles are slid in rather unpredictably between stories. Encountering it, I rather felt like an early explorer in a dense alien tropical jungle hunting amidst the foliage for a rare dot-sized insect. Again to save space, the anthology is relatively unattractive with no pictures except for the delightful steampunk cover. Yet sf has been for much of its history a very visual medium, dragging readers into pulp magazines and paperbacks with lurid covers and delightful interior art. Students (at least my students) are more visually oriented than text oriented and need image bridges. As much as I like the content of this anthology, I couldn't sell it to my students and so I wouldn't be able to use it.Nor do I think the anthology adequately tackles its historical mission. Historical categorization is always problematic, especially when stylistic movements, such as the New Wave, are also tied to historical periods. The results are odd inclusions, such as Ben Bova and Larry Niven falling under the heading "The New Wave and Beyond." There is a danger in defining a period as "The Mass Market Era" as if it simply began and closed rather than seeing the long strands before or after any particular historical trend. Grossman does offer historical overviews that tend to stress (as in the case of the section "The Field Takes Shape") the ways in which the industrial systems of publication and distribution influenced the development of the genre. However, they are not strong enough, failing to examine, for example, the impact of readership, the roles of particular editors, or even the influence of paradigmatic works and authors. …


This paper examines the importance of revenue surprise in the cross-section of stock returns in Borsa Istanbul. Portfolio-level analyses and multivariate cross-sectional regressions document a statistically and economically significant positive relation between revenue surprise and expected returns. Average excess and abnormal return spreads between equities in the highest and lowest revenue surprise deciles are more than 1% per month. The findings of the paper are robust when well-known firm-specific attributes including earnings surprise are controlled for.


The majority of Indonesian people are Muslim who perform the obligatory prayers five times each day known as salat. The series of activities in salat begins with wudu with a gargle movement that increases salivary secretion through mechanical stimulation. The movement of ruku and sujood when salat causes oxygen-rich blood to flow to the brain is well suited. When a person feels calmer and more psychically relaxed after performing salat and wudu, the parasympathetic nerves increase so normal cortisol levels can secrete more saliva which is aqueous with normal acidity (pH). Oral health will affect the overall health of the body. This study aimed to determine the effect of salat and wudu on the salivary flow rate, pH, and cortisol level as an indicator of oral health. The design of this study was the static group pretest and posttest design. The study was conducted by comparing the value of salivary flow rate, pH, and cortisol levels in 20 subjects consisting of 10 subjects as the treatment group and 10 subjects as the control. Saliva was collected without stimulation before and after salat activity for five minutes, followed by measurement of salivary flow rate and pH level. Salivary cortisol level was measured using Cortisol Assay Elisa kit with λ 540 nm. The results showed an increase in salivary pH, flow rate and cortisol level after the salat activity but there was no significant difference by Kruskal-Wallis test but there was a strong correlation using Kendall's tau_b test. In conclusion, salat activity may have correlation with an increase in salivary pH, flow rate and cortisol level.


Although lacrimal sac tumors are rarely seen, they have a high potential for local invasion, local recurrence, and distant metastasis. Given their rarity, decision making for the treatment of these tumors is based on very few case reports. Majority of these tumors are of epithelial origin. Most prominent symptoms are epiphora and mass in the medial canthus region. For this reason, it may be confused with dacryocystitis. Thorough ophthalmic examination and imaging are very important for diagnosis. Primary treatment of the disease is surgery, radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy may be used as adjuvant therapy. In our study, we compared Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT) plans with the aim of comparing the homogeneous dose distribution and dose gradient using the Simultaneous Integrated Boost (SIB) technique and also assessing the dose of certain critical organs.


People's understanding of history has changed from certain question. The new historicism literary theory concerns about the interaction between history and text,which realizes the textuality of history and the multity-dimensional historical vision. That pro-vides the more solid historical basis for literature study.


Illustrations Acknowledgements 1 What's in a Name? 2 Kingship in Medieval England 3 Richard I 4 Richard II 5 Richard III 6 Kingship, Chivalry and Warfare 7 Every Inch a King 8 Marriage and Family 9 Kingship and Piety 10 Sad Stories of the Death of Kings 11 What's in a Face Appendix Notes Bibliography Index.


Convenient, efficient and anonymous characteristic enables P2P network to own enormous users very quickly. However, how much service performance of searching and transmitting is provided by P2P network for a concrete resource? How much is the success ratio and recall ratio of resource's searching of existing P2P network? Rare research is deepened about those questions. This paper, for unstructured P2P network, provides calculating method of service performance of concrete resource; analyzes success ratio and recall ratio of resource's searching, and by experiment simulation, discusses the influence of resource's popularity, Peer's quantity, initial number of objected resource, Peer's average degree and TTL value to success ratio and recall ratio of resource's searching. We conclude that recall ratio is only related with topology character of P2P network itself but not related with resource's quantity. Otherwise, when, mostly searching process can reach higher success ratio and recall ratio.


In this paper, an equivalent dipoles array model is proposed to predict far-field electromagnetic emissions from near-field measurements. The equivalent model is carried out by a set of nonuniformly distributed electric and magnetic dipoles. The number and position of the dipoles are determined by an adaptive method, and then the moment of dipoles is obtained by matrix inversion. Simulation results show that the proposed equivalent source model can reduce far-field electromagnetic radiation prediction error from 6.12% to 2.66% compared with that of the uniformly distributed dipoles array.


The aim objective of this study consists in isolating the active molecules from plants used in traditional medicine to treat malaria and its symptoms. 197 plants were collected following to the ethnobotanic investigations. Plants were dried, powdered and macerated in a hydroalcoholic solution. Resulting extracts have been assessed for in vitro & in vivo antimalarial and toxicity activities. For the plants collected in Madagascar: 15 extracts (i.e. 16%) prepared from 91 medicinal plants (of which 57 are antimalarial) present an interesting antiplasmodial activity with a value of IC50 less than 10 μg/mL, their cytotoxicity are weak with a value of IC50 evaluated at more than 50 μg/mL. Two of these extracts have an ED50 lower than 100 mg/kg. 11 th NAPRECA Symposium Book of Proceedings, Antananarivo, Madagascar Pages 136-144 RAFATRO Herintsoa et al. 137 With regard to the Congolese plants: five out of twenty six (i.e. 19%) collected plants would be interesting.


The increase of numerous brush and other undesirable species on rangelands of the West is a serious and ever-increasing problem. On Black Mesa, which is approximately 30 miles west of Gunnison, Colorado, one of the most noxious species is Parry rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus f~arryi (A. Gray) Greene). In some areas this species constitutes a sizable portion of the vegetation. Moreover, it is a vigorous competitor for soil moisture, nutrients, and space. Where it is abundant, there is a marked decrease in herbage of other species, many of which are valuable forage plants for livestock. Parry rabbitbrush is widely scattered through the intermountain west, being reported from Wyoming, Nevada, Colorado, and Utah. Elevations at which it has been found range from 6,000 to 11,000 ft. As with other species of rabbitbrush, Parry rabbitbrush sprouts prolifically from the underground roots. Injury to the aerial portion of the plants frequently triggers the physiological response which develops sprouts. These may soon function as independent plants, and result in a larger number of plants than were present in the original stand. Efforts to control rabbitbrush by various herbicides, burning, rail dragging, and plowing have been reported, all with varying degrees of success (Robertson and Cords, 1957; Hyder et al., 1958; Blaisdell and Mueggler, 1956; and Cook et al., 1965). Because rabbitbrush is usually not as susceptible to control measures as sagebrush with which it is commonly associated, sagebrush control often merely releases the rabbitbrush from plant competition, thereby creating a more difficult problem (McKell and Chilcote, 1957). If rabbit-


In some special occasions with strict size requirements, such as mine hoists, improving the design accuracy of the forced-air cooling systems of NPC three-level inverters is a key technology for improving the power density and decreasing the volume. First, a fast power-loss calculation method was brought. Its calculation principle introduced in detail, and the computation formulas were deduced. Secondly, the average and dynamic power losses of a 1MW mine hoist acting as the research target were analyzed, and a forced-air cooling system model based on a series of theoretical analyses was designed with the average power loss as a heat source. The simulation analyses proves the accuracy and effectiveness of this cooling system during the unit lifting period. Finally, according to an analysis of the periodic working condition, the maximum power-loss range of a NPC three-level inverter under multi cycle operation was obtained and its dynamic power loss was taken into the optimized cooling system model as a heat source to solve the power device damage caused by instantaneous heat accumulation. The effectiveness and feasibility of the optimization design based on the dynamic power loss calculation of the maximum power-loss range was proved by simulation and experimental results.


In this work, we present the first group of gigahertz low-loss, wideband, and high power handling delay lines (ADLs) using a thin-film lithium niobate (LiNbO3)-on-sapphire platform. The ADLs leverage a single-phase unidirectional transducer (SPUDT) to efficiently excite the shear horizontal surface acoustic wave (SH-SAW) in the film stack. The fabricated miniature SH-SAW ADL at 1.1 GHz shows a low insertion loss (IL) of 2.8 dB, a wide fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 6.14%, and a fast phase velocity of 5127 m/s. The device also features a high 1-dB compression point (P1dB) of 30.4 dBm. The temperature coefficient of frequency is −45 ppm/K. ADLs with delays between 12 and 172 ns have been implemented, with IL between 2.8 and 8.3 dB. SH-SAW propagation characteristics are extracted, showing a group velocity of 4747 m/s and a propagation loss of 6.73 dB/mm or 31.9 dB/ $\mu \text{s}$ . The simultaneous low-loss and high power handling illustrate the great potential of LiNbO3-on-sapphire for RF and cross domain applications at gigahertz.


This short note provides phonetic and phonological arguments in favour of the explanation of the sound change *ld > nd in Tibetic proposed by Sprigg (1972). It is argued that an alternative explanation by Gong (2016), resting on a novel interpretation of the consonant system of Common Central Tibetan, is not supported by the data and has no conceptual advantages.


The Jubilee Line Extension (JLE) is protected by a complex fire protection system. Richard Crook describes the task of protecting the line, its construction workers and passengers from fire.


Numerous computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes are available that solve any of several variations of the transonic flow equations from small disturbance to full Navier-Stokes. The design philosophy at General Dynamics Fort Worth Division involves use of all these levels of codes, depending on the stage of configuration development. Throughout this process, drag calculation is a central issue. An overview is provided for several transonic codes and representative test-to-theory comparisons for fighter-type configurations are presented. Correlations are shown for lift, drag, pitching moment, and pressure distributions. The future of applied CFD is also discussed, including the important task of code validation. With the progress being made in code development and the continued evolution in computer hardware, the routine application of these codes for increasingly more complex geometries and flow conditions seems apparent.


We described a case of a young woman with remote history of intracranial hypertension secondary to tetracycline use who developed optic disc edema 1 week after starting treatment with a topical retinoic acid. This case highlights the fact that predisposed individuals with previous history of medication-induced intracranial hypertension can have exquisite sensitivity to even topical agents containing retinoic acid and can develop optic disc edema quickly when re-challenged with another agent known to cause intracranial hypertension. A 19-year-old woman was seen in routine follow-up for history of bilateral optic neuropathy secondary to the use of oral tetracycline for acne over 5 years ago. At the age of 14, she developed severe headaches and nausea 1 month after starting therapy with tetracycline for acne. She was eventually found to have bilateral optic nerve head edema. MRI of the brain at that time revealed bilateral narrowing of the transverse-sigmoid junction with partial empty sella, and lumbar puncture demonstrated elevated opening pressure but had normal composition. A diagnosis of tetracycline-induced increased intracranial pressure (ICP) was made, the offending medication was stopped, and, after a short course of treatment with acetazolamide and topiramate, her symptoms resolved. Papilledema also gradually resolved and her visual function remained normal, although she was left with residual left optic nerve head pallor. When assessed by our service, she had been off acetazolamide and topiramate for over 3 years and was asymptomatic. Her body mass index was 24.9. Visual acuity was 20/20 in the right eye and 20/25 in the left eye (LE) with left relative afferent pupillary defect (RAPD). Right optic nerve was pink, while the left optic nerve was diffusely pale, ocular coherence tomography (OCT) of both the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular ganglion cell complex demonstrated bilateral thinning, greater on the left and visual fields showed minimal inferior nerve fiber bundle defect in LE (Figure 1A). An examination was unchanged from previous, and the patient was asked to follow up with her optometrist in 1 year. Six weeks later, however, she presented to her local emergency department with a 1-week history of severe headaches. She was noticed to have bilateral optic disc edema and was seen by our service again 3 days later. Central acuity was


Abstract Dzierżoniów's residents definitely represent one of its most valuable resources. Its development and improvement of the generally approached life quality depends on their involvement in solving social and economic problems, their entrepreneurship and creativity. It should also be emphasized that the vast majority of surveyed residents are in favour of their city development. This phenomenon is based on the principle of mutual dependencies, i.e. the better the city functioning, the better living the conditions provided for its residents. On the other hand, the more active and involved the residents are the more effective is their support for the city development (e.g. by their involvement in NGOs' activities). The presented article was prepared based on the survey studies ordered by Dzierżoniów's Town Office and conducted in the period July–August 2013 which covered, among others, the city residents (422 respondents). The research was carried out within the framework of one of the stages in developing Dzierżoniów's Local Sustainable Development Strategy for the period 2014-2020. The purpose of the study is to discuss and assess the selected functional areas of Dzierżoniów Town (geographic environment, economy, technical infrastructure, social infrastructure, city management) based on its residents' opinions.


In spite of the establishment of modern techniques like PCR for virus detection, virus isolations in susceptible fish cell lines are still the basis for international certification of most notifiable viral fish diseases mentioned by the OIE and the European Union (OIE, 2000; European Commission, 1996). Cell cultures may change in susceptibility (Lorenzen et al., 1999, unpublished own findings,). If no regular susceptibility checks are done in the laboratory, using an alternative sensitive cell culture might therefore increase the chance of isolating a certain virus. The CCB (common carp brain) cell line, developed by and cultured according to Neukirch et al., 1999, was originally developed for the diagnosis of koi herpesvirus (KHV). Moreover, we isolated other viruses from diseased koi in CCB cells. Besides KHV, myxoviruses, birnaand/or reoviruses (not all isolates were identified) and rhabdoviruses (spring viraemia of carp virus, SVCV) were obtained (Neukirch & Kunz, 2001). The susceptibility of CCB cells was also investigated for viruses isolated from golden ide, European eel and salmonids. CCB cells and the standard cell lines used in our laboratory: Epithelioma papulosum cyprinid, EPC (Tomasec and Fijan, 1971), Chinook Salmon Embryo, CHSE (Fryer et al., 1965) and Eel kidney, EK-1 (Chen et al., 1982) for the different viruses were inoculated with the following viruses: infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV, strains Sp, Ab and Ni), viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV, serotype I, II and III), infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), golden ide reovirus (GiRV), chum salmon reovirus (CSV), herpesvirus anguillae (HVA), and another eel virus designated A1B virus. Non-infected cell lines were incubated as negative controls. Two passages were carried out in the cell lines before quantification of virus infectivity by titration of supernatants in 10-fold dilution steps (Mayr et al., 1977). Table 1 summarizes the inoculated viruses used, and results concerning titration of virus infectivity obtained in both the routine cell lines and the CCB cell line.


Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis using MoKα radiation is successfully applied to a determination of the crystallite sizes of TiCl3 catalysts. The sizes of TiCl3 catalysts dispersed in nascent polypropylenes differing in polymer yield are determined by using this technique. It is shown that the original catalyst size does not change during the course of polymerization. This result agrees with the observation by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).


The domination of people's working lives by machines, the deterioration of the environment, the inhumanity of conveyor‐belt production — all are factors which threaten the quality of life. Must retailing, with its tendency towards large‐scale operations, massive merchandising, and a diminishing reliance on personal service, slavishly follow the same pattern? Jan de Somogyi's contention is that this need not happen; his theme sets out how to combine the benefits of economies of scale with good personal communications and the policies in which each individual is important. It is an attempt to discuss one of the most crucial issues of our complex technological society through the eye of a retailer. This is a slightly abridged version of a paper originally read to the Manchester Statistical Society, which we are publishing (with their kind permission) in two parts. The second part to be published will discuss the question of social dimensions.


Communist Manifesto is not only the international proletarian's political manifesto,but also the economic manifesto because it contains the idea of economic globalization in it.Today,it is still of vital realistic significance for us to learn the essence of economic globalization and push forward our national economy.


Dielectric elastomers (DEs) have been attracting great attention in the field of electromechanical actuation and sensing. In this paper, we develop a new type of silicone-based DEs by incorporating multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) to the DEs as fillers. The dispersion of MWNTs during the material processing plays a significant role in deciding the final properties of the nanocomposites. In this work, acetone and ultrasonication along with characterization tools such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are utilized to examine the MWNT dispersion quality within DE nanocomposites. Furthermore, microstructural MWNT dispersion and filler–matrix interfacial bonding as well as the overall dynamic mechanical responses are investigated to reveal the correlation between them. It is concluded that the processing of DE nanocomposites strongly affects the dynamic mechanical properties, which can inversely provide with microstructural information for the nanocomposites. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4035490]


Dogs were sensitized with repeated skin homotransplantation and then given a spleen, kidney, or liver from their skin donor. Coincident with sensitization, there developed a family of anti–donor antibodies which apparently participated in the accelerated or hyperacute rejection of the whole organs. An important component of the destructive process was a coagulopathy which always occurred within the grafts and which sometimes led to systemic alterations resembling a disseminated intravascular coagulation. Kidneys were usually temporarily protected from hyperacute rejection by the prior transplantation of another organ (kidney, spleen, or liver) from the same donor.


Precision farming is an emerging process that exploits cyberphysical systems to improve product quality and food safety as well as lower agricultural costs for the continuously increasing food demand due to population growth, by supporting existing small scale ecosystems.


The invention relates to an apparatus for the quantitative detection of biochemical, especially enzymatic, reactions with a short measurement time and with determination of natural and/or artificial fluorophores as reaction products, where the reaction products are irradiated with light, and the fluorescence radiation emitted by them is measured and quantified. The object of the invention is to design an apparatus of the type according to the invention such that the reduction in the minimum measurable number of enzyme molecules with measurement times in the region of seconds is possible, so that, on the one hand, fast reaction kinetics can be measured and, on the other hand, routine investigations with a large sample throughput in a given time can be carried out. The object is achieved by a) the optical excitation of the reaction products being effected by light pulses, b) provision of a time-resolved photon counting with noise suppression and separation of the measured signal from scattered light and interfering luminescence based on the decay with time and c) synchronisation of excitation and photon counting.


Most of the controversy over the effects of inflation on corporate financial statements centers on which accounting method provides the best information. The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has issued Statement No. 33 (SFAS No. 33) requiring companies of specified sizes to report information based on both current costs and constant costs. The background and accounting requirements of SFAS No. 33 are discussed and compared with those issued in 1976 to see how changing price levels affected the oil industry. 4 tables. (DCK)


Two classes of element-wise transformations are proved to preserve the positive semi-definite nature of coefficient matrices. The correctness of a conjecture by Gower and Legendre on the positive semi-definite nature of a certain coefficient matrix is proved. It is shown that the matrix of monotonicity coefficients proposed by Bentler is positive semi-definite for data without ties.


Some chemical transformations in the series of the pyrrolo [3,2-b]azepines and the pyrrolo[3,2-c]azepines are reported: alkylation at the pyrrolo nitrogen and/or the azepino nitrogen, reduction of the lactam group by means of LiAlH4, preparation of lactim ethers and amidines, substitution in position 2 by MANNICH reaction, bromination and condensation with oxalyl chloride or chloral hydrate, and the cyclocondensation with dimethylmalonyl chloride. The structures of the 2-substitution products have been evaluated by NMR.-spectroscopy.


In order to meet the high efficiency and strong applicability demands of automatic running vehicle,a high-per formance auto navigation vehicle was designed.Infrared technology is adopted for navigation of the vehicle,ZigBee technology for communication and control,and photoelectric sensor for obstacle detection.The experiment proves that the automatic guided vehicle has high performance and can be used in many occasions.


Globally, only a sixth of the approximately 3 billion impoverished people of working age currently have access to formal financial services, which translates to 17% coverage of the market, leaving 83% under-served. The growth of mobile telephony has been rapid and has extended access well beyond already connected customers in developing countries. This rapid growth offers a new low-cost alternative for financial institutions to make a profit while dealing with small money transfers and payments. Consumers also benefit because they no longer need time and financial resources to travel to distant banks. The successful deployment of financial services via mobile phones has shown willingness from financial service providers to develop and provide such products. However, there are major perceived and real obstacles in the willingness of consumers to adopt these products. Therefore, a need exists to understand customers' reasons behind adopting these services. In this paper, the author proposes a model that provides a framework to empirically test the attitudes of customers toward mobile financial services via a control group conducted in 2008 using Luarn and Lin's 2005 mobile banking adoption model.


Rhodamine 19 benzyloxycarbonylmethyl ester bromide 8 and rhodamine 19 4-chloromethyl- 1-phenylmethyl ester chloride 12 act as precursors to cationic fluorescent probes. Molecules containing free amine or carboxylate functional groups, respectively, can be attached in a one-step procedure, yielding the desired probes without the need for chromatographic purification. As a proof of concept the method was applied to the attachment of amino acid and dipeptide residues through either the N- or C-termini. The precursor molecules 8 and 12 are readily synthesized from the inexpensive, commercially available dye rhodamine 6G.


The process of hiding data and information is known to be steganography it is done to provide secure communication, in present world there is a demand of sending and displaying data in a hidden format especially when the exchange of information and data is taking place publically, and this is the reason because of which many methods have been proposed for data and information hiding. In this paper data and information are being hidden in digital image format, as it is mostly in demand on the internet. For data hiding there are so many techniques developed some are easy, some are bit tedious as compared to the other and all of these techniques have their own benefits, use and limitation. This paper mainly focuses to present Steganography overview, its demand, advantages and the techniques involved in it. In this paper there is also an attempt to identify which Steganography techniques are more useful and what are their requirements and also it shows which application will have more compatibility with which steganography technique.


Carrier removal rate (Vd) in p-6H-SiC in its irradiation with 8 MeV protons has been studied. p-6H-SiC samples were produced by sublimation in a vacuum. Vd was determined by analysis of capacitance-voltage characteristics and from results of Hall effect measurements. It was found that full compensation of samples with initial value of Na-Nd 1.5 x1018 cm-3 occurs at an irradiation dose of ~1.1 1016 cm-2. In this case, the carrier removal rate was ~130 cm-1


Gove publishes draft green governance bill, Manufacturing zones designated in East Midlands, LDO approved for Berkshire business park, 90,000 homes approved in Q3 of 2018 and more stories...


Cover's function counting theorem is a milestone in the theory of artificial neural networks. It provides an answer to the fundamental question of determining how many binary assignments (dichotomies) of $p$ points in $n$ dimensions can be linearly realized. Regrettably, it has proved hard to extend the same approach to more advanced problems than the classification of points. In particular, an emerging necessity is to find methods to deal with structured data, and specifically with non-pointlike patterns. A prominent case is that of invariant recognition, whereby identification of a stimulus is insensitive to irrelevant transformations on the inputs (such as rotations or changes in perspective in an image). An object is therefore represented by an extended perceptual manifold, consisting of inputs that are classified similarly. Here, we develop a function counting theory for structured data of this kind, by extending Cover's combinatorial technique, and we derive analytical expressions for the average number of dichotomies of generically correlated sets of patterns. As an application, we obtain a closed formula for the capacity of a binary classifier trained to distinguish general polytopes of any dimension. These results may help extend our theoretical understanding of generalization, feature extraction, and invariant object recognition by neural networks.


We have unprecedented mobility. The smartphone is becoming our bank. People can consume financial services on the go. We have unprecedented connectivity. The Internet has compressed time and space. Interaction is real-time and unconstrained by physical boundaries. We have unprecedented computing power. The devices in our hands or on our wrists are literally pokemons – pocket-sized monsters that pack more data and more processing power than super computers just a couple of decades ago.


Existing research on beliefs about government efforts to lessen poverty is limited in two important ways. First, explanations of beliefs about antipoverty efforts largely focus on current contexts. By emphasizing contemporary contexts, existing research overlooks the potentially profound effect of past experiences. Second, most existing research relies on cross-sectional data, which limits understandings of within person change. In the research presented here, I use both cross-sectional and panel data from the General Social Survey to (1) examine how past experiences shape an individual's belief about what the government should do about poverty, and (2) examine whether beliefs about the government's role in helping the poor are sensitive to changes in micro and macroeconomic hardship. Drawing on theories related to the formative years and event-driven changes, I find that experiences during late adolescence, increases in macro-level economic hardship, and increases in individual hardship all influence support for government efforts to lessen poverty; however, current objective and subjective economic position is particularly important. Moreover, I find variation in support across different types of government responses to poverty. In particular, "welfare" is uniquely unpopular, and support for welfare is less responsive to generational experiences or changes in individual-level hardship.


Science. Pupils' Workbook. Primary 1. _ London: Macmillan Education, 1979. Science. The Teacher's Guide to Primary 3. Trial Edition. Banjul: Curriculum Development Centre, 1979. Banjul : Book Product ion and Material Resources. Macmillan/McGraw-Hill School Publishing Company in Science. This book is a guide for: Am Superintendents who want to grow their districts into a healthy. Student Book. 9780230027572. ¥3,500. Teacher's Guide Teacher's Book. 9781405061711. ¥4,000 ¥2,400. Macmillan Science Level 1. Pupil's Book Pack.


The invention discloses a terminal positioning method, system and device. The method comprises the steps that after a switch receives a first authentication request sent by a terminal, a VLAN identifier corresponding to the terminal is added into the first authentication request, and a second authentication request is generated and sent to an access server; the access server adds the device identifier of the access server and port information connected with the switch into the second authentication request, a third authentication request is generated and sent to a Radius server for authentication; and a positioning device positions the position of the terminal by acquiring the third authentication request. According to the invention, the problem of inaccurate access ports of users of different access modes is solved; through the VLAN identifier, the access position of the terminal can be accurately positioned; and when a fault occurs, fault positioning can be accurately carried out.


Forming an information system for assessing mineral resource availability for enterprises is currently of particular relevance due to the necessity to provide a number of industrial enterprises with proven mineral reserves for the prospect of the licensed period of the field exploitation. An exploration enterprise in the course of its operation is subject to influencing various factors, which can be conditionally divided into the controlled and the uncontrolled ones. The first group includes such factors as economic and technical-technological factors. The second group includes natural, socio-demographic and ecological ones. The author carries out the controlled factor simulation as a part of the management system model of a geological exploration enterprise to determine the principles of managing the system and factors affecting the state of the controlled object represented by this enterprise. In this paper, the authors design the management system of a geological exploration enterprise and evaluate the influence of the environmental factors on the system. When determining the prospects, the criteria of infrastructural (availability of road communication) and resource (human, technical, technological, financial resources) availability during the field exploration were also considered. As a result, an information system for assessing mineral resource availability for enterprises was formed as a set of indicators for assessing the availability. This work was supported by the grant given by the President of the Russian Federation No. MD-2409.2020.5.


Objective: To know the prevalence of heart diseases and their comorbidities in all patients of a cardiology service from a Peruvian hospital. Material and methods: A descriptive observational study was conducted in a third level Peruvian hospital between January 2016 and December 2017. Results: We included 446 patients who entered the service . The most frequent heart diseases were heart failure (51.57%), congenital heart defects (23.99%), atrial fibrillation (17.49%) and acute myocardial infarction (14.57%). The most frequent comorbidities were arterial hypertension (7.62%), chronic kidney disease (5.38%) and diabetes mellitus (2.02%). Conclusions: This study reports heart diseases and comorbidities in a cardiology service. The results will serve for the approach of the sample of other studies, and could be useful for health administrators, since they will have evidence to prioritize resources for the most frequent diseases.


In liquid helium 4, many features associated to Bose statistics have been masked by the strongly interacting nature of the liquid. As an example of these features, we examine the shear viscosity of liquid helium 4 above the lambda point. Applying the linear-response theory to Poiseuille's formula for the capillary flow, the reciprocal of the shear viscosity coefficient is considered as a transport coefficient.
Using the Kramers-Kronig relation, we relate a superfluid flow in a capillary with that in a rotating bucket, and express the reciprocal of the shear viscosity coefficient in terms of the susceptibility of the system. A formula for the kinematic shear viscosity is obtained which describes the influence of Bose statistics. Using this formula, we study the gradual fall of the kinematic shear viscosity from 3.7K to the lambda point in liquid helium 4 at 1 atm.


A suit of zircon (ZrSiO4) samples has been selected for experiments by thermoluminescence (TL) and by Laser Ablation ICP-MS to study the role of rare earth elements (REE). It is shown that the trace element composition results for the heavy REE (HREE) are consistent, and that zircons are HREE enriched. In all sediment samples used in this work, we found signi®cant concentration of Dy and Tb, which are the important activators for luminescence in zircon. At low temperatures, emission peaks due to Dy are dominant in the 3D-TL spectra while at high temperatures the Dy peaks are absent and the TL spectrum is dominated by the 6-line-Tb signal. 7 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.


The book, the result of a two-year research project on urban adult basic eduction (ABE) develops comprehensive and analytical descriptions o significantoaspects in the ABE program operation and classroom interaction, and the perspectives of those involved. The study was conducted .4n.large city public schools throughout,-,the country, and the information gathered is presented in chapter form, following an introduction stating methodology and rationale: ABE--The Only Game in Town points out divergent objectives, and funding on local, State, and Federal levels; Classroom Dynamics describes student diversity, enrollment, conduct, failure syndrome, testing, teaching approaches, and discipline; The Students deals with motivational reasons for enrolling in terms of race, sex, and age; Teachers and Counselors supplies background and salary information, and perceptions of students and curriculum; Para?rofessionals supplies backgrqund and funding information, and defines job duties and reCruitmentselection process; Directors explores background and perspectives on students, teachers, the program, funding, salary, and status; Hustling the Community discusses variables in achieving funding 'and facilities; Improving the Odds analyzes program improvements in terms of the students involved. (The document is


This study was conducted to estimate carbon stock and uptake for Larix kaempferi Lamb., the single species, which is the most widely distributed one following Pinus densiflora, using data from 6th national forest inventory and forest type map of 1:5,000. Overall distribution area of Larix kaempferi in South Korea was shown as 272,800ha, in detail, Gangwon-do was the most widely distributed region with 39.6% (108,141 ha) of the whole forest area, and Gyeongsangbuk-do was 18.6%(50,839 ha), Chungcheongbuk-do was 15.1%(41,205ha) in order. As the results of analysis in carbon stock and uptake for each province, the values were high with Gyeonggi-do 109.0 tC/ha, 10.3 tCO₂/ha/yr, Gangwon-do 349.1 tC/ha, 9.7 tCO₂/ha/yr in order, and Jeollabuk-do was the lowest with 78.3 tC/ha, 7.6 tCO₂/ha/yr. Also, the results of estimation in total carbon stocks and uptakes by year (1989∼2015) were turned out that total carbon stocks and uptakes were 24,891 thousand tC, 2,428 thousand tCO₂ in 2015, increasing about 4.8 times and 3.8 times each compared with 5,238 thousand C/ha, 640 thousand CO₂ in 1989. Although forest area was decreased 26.6% with 371,884 ha in 1989 to 272,800 ha in 2015, carbon stocks and uptakes were increased in 2015 in that forest stock was increased 126% compared to 1989.


In cognitive diagnostic models (CDMs), differential item functioning (DIF) refers to the probabilities of success of an item being different for examinees with the same attribute mastery pattern in the groups. The detection of DIF is an important step to ensure the fairness and validity of results from CDMs for all groups. Hou et al. (2014) proposed that the Wald statistic can be used to detect DIF in CDMs. Unfortunately, their results revealed that the Wald statistic based on the information matrix estimation method developed by de la Torre (2009, 2011) yielded inflated Type I error rates. However, Li and Wang (2015) found that the Type I error rates of the Wald statistic in which MCMC algorithms were implemented were slightly inflated in their study under the same degrees of freedom equal to 2, for DINA model. The improved Wald statistic is a useful and powerful tool for


Background: The potential benefit of using larger or smaller transcatheter heart valves (THV) in patients with borderline aortic annulus measurement (BAM) remains uncertain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes associated with the selection of larger or smaller THV in the context of BAM. Methods: This was a multicenter observational study including patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement with the SAPIEN 3 or SAPIEN 3 Ultra-valve systems (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA) from April 2014 to June 2021. BAM was defined according to the manufacturer sizing chart and included the following annulus areas: 314 to 346, 400 to 430, 500 to 546 mm2. A 1:1 propensity score matching was used to compare outcomes of patients with larger or smaller THV. Results: From a total of 2467 patients, BAM was identified in 852 patients (34.5%). A larger and smaller THV was selected in 338 (39.7%) and 514 patients (60.3%) patients, respectively. The choice of a larger THV was associated (before and after propensity matching) with a higher risk of new-onset left bundle branch block (HR, 2.25 [95% CI, 1.39–3.65; P=0.001) and permanent pacemaker implantation (HR, 1.86 [95% CI, 1.11–3.09]; P=0.016) without any impact on gradients or the risk of moderate or severe paravalvular regurgitation at discharge (HR, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.41–1.45]; P=0.427). The risk of periprocedural complications such as aortic rupture and tamponade was low (<1%) and similar between groups. Conclusions: In patient with BAM, selecting a larger SAPIEN 3/Ultra THV increased the risk of conduction disturbances without any benefit on valve hemodynamics and clinical outcomes.


Objective To discuss the prognosis and significant difference,as the results of therapy of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) instituted at different time window.The findings might have clinical application in reducing CNS sequel.Method Retrospective study of 160 inpatients with moderate HIE in the hospital was done.They were assigned into the control group(hospital admission within 24~72 hours after birth) and the experimental group(hospital admission within 24 hours after birth).There were 40 babies in the control group,and the experimental group(120 babies) was assigned into 3 subgroups according to admission time.There were 40 babies in group A(less than 6 hours after birth);and 40 babies in group B(6~ 12 hours after birth);40 babies in group C(12~24 hours after birth).Each group received the same intervention therapy for six months,for evaluation of Mental Development Index(MDI) and Psychomotor Development Index(PDI) designed by the Standardization Child Development Center of China(CDCC).Results ①After three months and six months,the MDI of group A were(81.5±10.4) and(90.3±9.7),achieved the highest,and there was statistical significance between them.But there was no statistical significance between group B(74.6±10.7),(80.2±10.1),group C(71.2±10.4),(78.9±11.4),and the control group(69.7±11.3),(75.6±12.8).②After three months and six months,the PDI of group A were(84.7±10.8) and(96.7±10.3),got the highest,and there was statistical significance between them.But there was no statistical significance between group B(77.4±11.3),(86.2±10.1),group C(75.6±11.5),(84.9±12.5) and the control group(72.4±11.9),(81.6±11.7).Conclusion There is significant difference in the prognosis when HIE therapy is initiated in different time.The prognosis when HIE therapy is initiated within six hours is better than that after six hours.


This article explores the possibilities of epistolary criticism within the realm of sport studies and aspires to encourage scholars to consider the use of non-traditional sport memorabilia and source materials when telling emotive stories about sport and sport practices. The use of letters and the letter-writing format to tell a personal narrative of recruitment and to examine larger issues within athletic recruitment allows readers to intimately engage with the varied feelings and emotions that are a part of the athletic recruiting process. By using personal recruiting letters as source material and to structure the paper, readers examine recruiting on an intimate level and are called into the text in unique and unfamiliar ways.


Gary Puckrein's detailed study of seventeenth-century Anglo-Barbadian politics is a useful addition to the existing literature on the settlement of Barbados. It outlines the economic, social, and political factors which produced and shaped the island's slave plantation economy. It was the problems of labor control inherent in the system which, Puckrein argues, governed the political behavior of the colony's planter elite throughout the period.


SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314 Alice 5700, South Africa. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, Nigeria. Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, Nigeria. Department of Basic Sciences, Benson Idahosa University, PMB 1100, Benin City, Nigeria.


ued exploration of all sides of the issues involving war" ~19!. Echoing a growing number of scholars who espouse the importance of "acknowledging ambiguities" in the context of building peace ~such as Marc Howard Ross, Cultural Contestation in Ethnic Conflict, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007; Amartya Sen, Identity and Violence: The Illusion of Destiny, New York: Norton, 2006!, Noddings argues that doing so "is the first step in accepting, rejecting or resolving them" ~52!. She also notes the importance of cultivating critical thinking, remarking, however, that the term has been given little more than widespread lip-service. Noddings' most concrete suggestions entail re-organizing American history and social studies to teaching around ideas rather than chronologies and breaking down disciplinary silos to integrate peace education across the entire curriculum rather than as another added topic. A key strength of this book is that, through her writing style, Noddings practises what she preaches. For instance, Noddings poses many open-ended questions for readers' reflection. She is thus implementing the critical thinking she is advocating by encouraging an active, engaged, readership. Noddings also discusses a wide range of traditionally unrelated topics, from war memorials to just war theory to buildings and landscapes, and from poetry and classic literature to gender-based biological and anthropological evolutionary forces to everyday school-based practices like the Pledge of Allegiance. In doing so, she integrates a host of different disciplines and issues under a single thematic umbrella, much as she suggests that schools should in order to educate for peace. However, a related shortcoming is that, in tying together such seemingly disparate matters, some of Noddings' ideas do not flow particularly well; more explicit connections would be welcome in several sections. In addition, by virtue of asking many questions and embracing ambiguities, Noddings does not offer as many answers or practicable ideas as some readers might like. Indeed, Noddings admits that implementing her ideas on a large scale is problematic. Noddings acknowledges that the psychological characteristics that underpin war are so widespread and embedded that overcoming them would be tremendously difficult if not impossible. She notes that her proposed solution of openness to ambiguities is often considered "undesirable, unpatriotic, and even immoral" ~130!. Perhaps most frustratingly for empirically minded readers and peace builders alike, since the very forces working against implementing her solutions are those that Noddings believes would be diminished via their implementation, her proposed countermeasures to the psychological factors favouring war are largely untestable. Peace Education: How We Come to Love and Hate War adds to Nel Noddings' extensive writings in education, philosophy and the ethics of care. Among political scientists, this book will be of particular interest to theorists and others interested in the places of philosophy and psychology in educating for war and peace.


According to the introduction of current techniques of data integration,and the analysis of LINQ and its feasibility in data integration,a multisource data integration framework based on LINQ was proposed,which aimed to make up for the inadequacy of middleware technology.The application of LINQ in data integration,will simplify the development process,improve the efficiency of development,as well as improve the effect of data integration.


This Study aims to analyze the ex-date dividen on the market reaction as masured has a research period, 5 days for the dividend ex-date before, 1 day for the estimation period, 5 days for the dividend ex-date. The sample selection in this study used a descriptive method. With a sample of 6 companies in the manufacturing sector. For 5 periodes 2016-2020. The data used is secondary data. The data analysis method used in this study is the paired sumple test for abnormal returns because the data is normally distributed. And the wilcoxon signed rank test on trading volume activity because the data is not uniformly distributed. Ex-date dividend before and ex-date dividend after in the different test the wilcoxon signed rank test on trading volume activity shows that there is a difference between before the ex-date dividend and the end-date after the dividend.


The evaluation report presents credible evaluation findings that can be used with confidence by decision-makers. The evaluation is grounded in a strong methodology that uses multiple data collection methods to gather the perspectives of various groups of stakeholders, especially beneficiaries of the WFP-supported intervention. It presents a strong assessment of the project's performance, and the findings, which provide answers to all evaluation questions, are based on solid evidence. Presented without bias, the findings provide a balanced assessment of the project's strengths and weaknesses, and consistently identify data gaps. In addition, the report effectively presents the nuanced perspectives of different groups of stakeholders, though it is unclear whether the most vulnerable groups (e.g., the elderly or persons living with a disability) were consulted. Furthermore, the evaluation framework, findings and recommendations adequately integrate a gender analysis. However, the description of the project's results chain and underlying assumptions is somewhat weak and, while the conclusions clearly summarize the findings, they do not provide an insightful discussion of the implications of the findings for the future of WFP's work on resilience.


We present two measurements of the ttbar production cross section in collisions of protons and antiprotons at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV. We analyze a dataset of 310+/-20 pb-1 collected with the CDF2 detector. In the first measurement, we select events with six to eight jets, at least one of which having a displaced secondary vertex, little or no missing transverse energy and optimized kinematical criteria consistent with the ttbar all-hadronic decay channel. In the second measurement, we select events with four or more jets, at least one of which having a displaced secondary vertex, high missing transverse energy, and optimized kinematical criteria consistent with the decay of ttbar to tau+jets. The averaged ttbar production cross section, determined from six different measurements using the CDF2 detector in the dilepton, lepton+jets and all-hadronic decay channels, is also calculated to be sigma_ttbar=7.1+/-0.6 (stat)+/-0.7(syst)+/-0.4 (lumi) pb, in agreement with the prediction of the standard model.


Threshold Boolean filters (TBFs) constitute large class of non-linear filters that are very effective in removing impulsive noise. However, the required computational complexity is also high because thresholding has to be done at all levels. In this paper, a new kind of filters based on threshold operation is proposed. The proposed filters, referred as threshold pattern filters (TPFs), threshold the filter window only at some levels. A TPF picks a sample within the window as the output based on the threshold patterns obtained. An efficient MAE-based training method for designing TPFs is proposed. Simulation results show that the performance of TPFs is comparable to that of the corresponding TBFs, when they are applied to enhance images corrupted by mixed noise.


The individual in international law — Aliens — Position of — Treatment by and responsibilities of the receiving State — Denial of justice — Lack of opportunity to correct procedural defect in appeal against expulsion — Whether alien entitled to challenge such denial in reliance on Swiss Constitution — The law of Switzerland The individual in international law — Aliens — Expulsion of — Procedure of expulsion — Appeal against decision of expulsion — Denial of opportunity to correct procedural defect — Whether constituting denial of justice contrary to Swiss Constitution — The law of Switzerland


This paper gives a demonstration of sports having its intellectual education function by analyzing its cognition performance.It proves that physical education and sports can effectively enhance the overall level of person's intelligence,moreover,they also promote the growth of multiple intelligences and human subjectivity,and accelerate the progress of the socialization.


The goal of this article is to assess the most recent work on Industry 4.0 as well as the present state of science on Industry 4.0 through papers produced between January 2017 and March 2020.A systematic review process with a 5-step approach to article selection was employed, which included the following steps: 1) Selection of database 2) Research of keyword 3) Collection of articles 4) Inclusion/Exclusion criteria 5) Examining Selected Articles. It is noticed that much of the research is philosophical or case-based in character. The prospective study direction described in this paper may be useful to researchers interested in the field of industry 4.0 for research. The paper's future study directions must undoubtedly be beneficial to researchers.


Deregulated electric market is hot theme in the era of modern power utilities, due to the raising utilization of the grids. To regulate the deregulated electric network, a sophisticated optimization tactic is required. In the past decade, researchers have been exercised many optimizer, and find out the feasible solution. The solutions obtained until are not a global solution because these are non-dominated each other. Therefore, finding solution for the deregulated electric network by different optimization technique is not an end global solution. In this paper, a novel augmented Slime Mould Optimizer (SMO) is proposed to obtain the best solution for deregulated electric network. And SMO dependent PI controller was used to mitigate Automatic Generation Control (AGC) difficulties in a two-area hydro - thermal - gas electric network operating in a deregulated environment is emphasized in this research. Additionally, the dynamics of power pool company (POOLCO) strategy of GENCO's with DISCOs in the similar region are permitted to contribute to the power exchange for a modest load disturbance and the comparison findings are also shown to assess the effectiveness of the suggested tactic. The results of the simulations reveal that the SMO dependent PI controller outperforms the traditional AOA dependent PI controller.


In general, ionospheric scintillations at low latitude are considered as signatures of equatorial plasma bubbles (depletions). However, some authors considered that scintillations may also be associated with plasma blobs (enhancements), but there was no in situ measurement hitherto to confirm it. We performed a case study on the concurrent observation of an ionospheric plasma blob with in situ measurements by ROCSAT‐1 (i.e. Formosa satellite‐1) and of GPS amplitude scintillations in the low‐latitude ionosphere on 1 June 2003. The blob measured in situ had a scale size of about 800 km in the F layer, and the ion density inside the blob was severely disturbed. Amplitude scintillation with S4 > 0.3 was observed concurrently in the same longitude range as the blob measured. This case study provides evidence of simultaneously observed GPS amplitude scintillations and a blob in situ, and it confirms that scintillations can be associated with plasma blobs in the low‐latitude ionosphere.


The polarization of {sup 34}Al fragments, produced by single neutron pickup from a {sup 9}Be target by a {sup 36}S projectile at 77.5 MeV/nucleon, have been observed at GANIL via the detection of resonantly destroyed {beta}-asymmetry. The reaction-induced polarization is deduced using a tentative spin/parity assignment for the {sup 34}Al ground state. A positive polarization was measured near the peak of the {sup 34}Al yield curve. A kinematical model based on the spectator-participant model for projectile fragmentation reactions has been extended in order to take into account the features of pickup reactions, i.e., the picked-up nucleon having an average momentum equal to the Fermi momentum and aligned along the incident beam direction. The trend-line in the observed spin-orientation is very well reproduced by this model.


When thermal relativistic electrons with an isotropic distribution of velocities move through a dense gas region, or impinge upon the surface of a cloud of dense gas, the Cerenkov effect will produce peculiar atomic or ionic emission lines, which we call 'Cerenkov line-like radiation'. This prediction has been verified by laboratory experiments in the optical waveband. The newly recognized line emission mechanism can find wide applications in high-energy astrophysics. The first candidates are active galactic nuclei (AGNs), e.g. Seyfert 1 galaxies, for which iron Kα at ∼6.4–6.5 keV and Kβ at ≳7.0 keV with peculiar properties have been detected in observations. The traditional 'photoelectric absorption–fluorescence line emission' mechanism seems insufficient to explain some of the observational properties of the iron K lines. However, the Cerenkov line-like radiation mechanism provides solutions for these puzzles. In particular, the updated observed ratio of photon number fluxes of iron K lines fobsKα/fobsKβ≈ 4.0 is very difficult to understand from the prevailing fluorescence mechanism in classical physics. A solution can be obtained when the Cerenkov line mechanism is taken into consideration. If our suggestion were further supported by observations, the conventional scenario around the central supermassive black hole of an AGN would need to be modified to accommodate a more energetic, more violent and much denser environment than previously thought.


There continues to be increasing focus on college student retention and persistence. This focus is coming from the United States federal government, accrediting organizations, and from students, parents, and the public. Given the spiraling costs of education and the fact that retention rates have not improved over time, various stakeholders are concerned about the value of a higher education credential. The purpose of this manuscript is to describe the efforts of a for-profit, distance education institution to focus its resources, in an evidence-based manner, on retention and to develop a culture of retention and persistence throughout the institution. The literature review and analysis of internal initiatives demonstrated that (a) institutions must make a commitment to retention, include retention efforts as part of its strategic plan, and provide resources to support retention efforts; (b) mastery of knowledge of the research on retention and persistence is critical for designing evidence-based interventions; and (c) institutions should identify, develop, and implement pilot projects aimed at improving student progress and share results to help stimulate development of best practices throughout higher education. DOI : 10.18870/hlrc.v3i3.120


This paper is devoted to the extraction of the displacement between two predefined polygonal meshes. Using a combination of GPU tessellation and vector displacement mapping, our approach enables the original high-poly detailmesh to be rendered approximately by the displaced low-poly basemesh at various LOD in real-time. During the preprocessing phase, the cross-parameterization between the meshes is obtained and locally optimized to maximize the amount of preserved geometry detail. Therefore, our method can store and reconstruct even more complex non-convex surface protuberances.