Prostrate spurge and spotted spurge (Euphorbia spp.) are low-growing annual weeds that can be problematic in landscapes from mid to late summer in much of Utah. They are common on bare soil, in landscape beds, and in poorly-managed lawn areas. Prostrate spurge can also often be found growing in cracks in concrete and asphalt. It has tiny, oval leaves that can range in color from light green to gray green, and may even have a purple or reddish spot in the middle of the leaves. It begins germinating when soil temperatures reach 50-60o F (10-15o C) in the spring, but seedlings remain mostly unnoticeable until temperatures are consistently much warmer, and the plants grow rapidly. Prostrate spurge can quickly form dense mats and cover desirable plants (Figure 1), although the plants die in the fall after exposure to hard frosts.


: In binary classification, imbalance refers to situations in which one class is heavily under-represented. This issue is due to either a data collection process or because one class is indeed rare in a population. Im- balanced classification frequently arises in applications such as biology, medicine, engineering, and social sciences. In this paper, for the first time, we theoretically study the impact of imbalance class sizes on the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) in high dimensions. We show that due to data scarcity in one class, referred to as the minority class, and high-dimensionality of the feature space, the LDA ignores the minority class yielding a maximum misclassification rate. We then propose a new construction of hard-thresholding rules based on a data splitting technique that reduces the large difference between the misclassification rates. We show that the proposed method is asymptotically optimal. We further study two well-known sparse versions of the LDA in imbalanced cases. We evaluate the finite-sample performance of different methods using simulations and by analyzing two real data sets. The results show that our method either outperforms its competitors or has comparable performance based on a much smaller subset of selected features, while being computationally more efficient.


side of the loop, without which a figure-of-eight pattern would be obtained, and this can often be difficult to achieve in the H F band. A stake may be driven into the ground for this purpose or the trailing coaxial cable may be used as a pseudo-ground plane; in both cases it is found that the antenna pattern varies quite considerably depending on the quality of the ground connection and/or the position of the coaxial cable. For this reason, it is attractive to consider a balanced version of the antenna that does not require a ground connection. Prototype antenna: A balanced form of the loop of Fig. 1 can be arrived at by reflecting the antenna in the ground plane, connecting the left side of the two resulting loops together and feeding the right sides of the loops in opposition. Such a design using square loops scaled to operate in the V/UHF bands (for ease of measurement), is shown in Fig. 2. The antenna is electrically identical to the design of Fig. 1 (except that square loops are used), but a cardioid pattern can now be achieved without the need for any ground connection.


Unpredictable Effects of Chemical Mixtures on Liver in Health and Disease
Liver is the primary organ for the detoxification, as well as being the target of many of environmental chemicals. Today, we are all exposed to mixtures of different chemicals at a time because of industrialization and fast life style. Other than environmental chemicals, many people are subject to a mixture of drugs. For example, patients of complex diseases receive an average of six drugs at time when hospitalized. Home influenza treatment consists of analgesics, antihistaminics, and cough syrups. Yet, exposure to an antioxidant and chemical/drug together might be hepatotoxic, if the antioxidant is not applied at a proper dosage or if they affect the same enzymes, receptors, or pathways. Even drinking water may contain residues of pesticides, Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) along with heavy metals, which all possess hepatic toxicity potential. Exposure to different xenobiotics or administration of several drugs at a time may change the effect of each single component or may affect course of a disease.


The Euro-American Consortium for Promotion of the Application of Mathematics in Technical and Natural Sciences was founded in 2008 as a non-governmental non-profit organization in order to foster the scientific activity and informal international exchange. Since then a main tool to realize this intention and idea became an annual conference called AMiTaNS.


Few-cycle laser pulses from Ti:sapphire and Cr:Forsterite lasers in the wavelength range from 650 nm to 1600 nm have been demonstrated recently. The possible generation of sinlge-cycle optical pulses based on the coherent superposition of these pulses is discussed.


The invention of a color filter The photosensitive resin composition and relates to a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display color filter using the same, more particularly to a polyalkylene oxide methyl silane polymer, Poly the ethers are modified dimethylpolysiloxane polymer solution and a polyether modified dimethyl polysiloxane including silicone surface additive to be at least one selected from the group consisting of polymers with improved minimized and coating and leveling of unnecessary portions generated in the resist film to an edge portion which is spin-coated on the substrate in the LCD manufacturing process of the TFT and STN system the photosensitive resin composition for color filter and a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display color filter using the photosensitive resin composition for the color filter. The photosensitive resin composition, a color filter


alpha CP-4 is an RNA-binding protein coded by PCBP4, a gene mapped to 3p21, a common deleted region in lung cancer. In this study we characterized the expression of alpha CP-4 and alpha CP-4a, an alternatively spliced variant of alpha CP-4, in lung cancer cell lines and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples from early stage lung cancer patients. In NSCLC biopsies, an immunocytochemical analysis showed cytoplasmic expression of alpha CP-4 and alpha CP-4a in normal lung bronchiolar epithelium. In contrast, alpha CP-4 immunoreactivity was not found in 47% adenocarcinomas and 83% squamous cell carcinomas, whereas all of the tumors expressed alpha CP-4a. Besides, lack of alpha CP-4 expression was associated with high proliferation of the tumor (determined by Ki67 expression). By fluorescence in situ hybridization, >30% of NSCLC cell lines and tumors showed allelic losses at PCBP4, correlating with the absence of the protein. On the other hand, no mutations in the coding region of the gene were found in any of the 24 cell lines analyzed. By Northern blotting and real-time reverse transcription-PCR, we detected the expression of alpha CP-4 and alpha CP-4a messages in NSCLC and small cell lung cancer cell lines. Our data demonstrate an abnormal expression of alpha CP-4 in lung cancer, possibly associated with an altered processing of the alpha CP-4 mRNA leading to a predominant expression of alpha CP-4a. This may be considered as an example of alternative splicing involved in tumor suppressor gene inactivation. Finally, induction of alpha CP-4 expression reduced cell growth, in agreement with its proposed role as a tumor suppressor, and suggesting an association of this RNA-binding protein with lung carcinogenesis.


The chemical preparation, crystal structure, calorimetric study, and spectroscopic characterization are given for a new centrosymetric organic monophosphate monohydrate (C7H12O2NH2)H2PO4·H2O. This compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pbca unit-cell with a = 10.520(3) Å, b = 9.635(8) Å, c = 23.450(1) Å. The structure can be described as inorganic layers built by H2PO4 − groups and H2O molecules, parallel to ab planes, between which the organic groups (C7H12O2NH2)+ are inserted. Multiple hydrogen bonds connect the different entities of the title compound giving rise to a three-dimensional network arrangement. Electrical conductivity measurements show that the (C7H12O2NH2)H2PO4·H2O has a conductivity value that goes from σ = 0.15 × 10−6 Ω−1 cm−1 at 338 K to 14.14 × 10−6 Ω−1cm−1 at 429 K. Its characterization by TA, NMR, and IR also is reported. Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Phosphorus, Sulfur, and Silicon and the Related Elements to view the free supplemental file.


The 2D lingual appliance is a popular choice for achieving cost-effective and timely results in carefully selected cases and with the minimum aesthetic impact. This article will describe how to use the appliance and highlight particular areas where introducing it into your clinical practice may be particularly beneficial. CPD/Clinical Relevance: 2D lingual orthodontics is a popular treatment modality and, whilst it is important to recognize the appliance limitations, there are situations where it is an ideal addition to your armamentarium for meeting the expectations of some patients. Awareness of this appliance system should lead to benefits for patients once successfully integrated into clinical practice.


The correlation between temperature,precipitation,relative humidity and ring width of Camellia rubimuricata was analyzed by the dendroclimatic method.The results showed that 1) Camellia rubimuricata presented high sensitivity to climatic changes,2) the ring width of Camellia rubimuricata was negatively correlated to average annual temperature of current and preceding year,significantly negatively correlated to average temperature from April to September of the current year,negatively correlated to average temperature from March to November of the current year,positively correlated to monthly average temperature of December,January and February,positively correlated to monthly average temperature of February,August,September and December of the preceding year,3) the ring width of Camellia rubimuricata was very significantly positively correlated to annual precipitation of the current year,significantly positively correlated to annual precipitation of the preceding year,very significantly positively correlated to precipitation from April to September of the current year,positively correlated to precipitation from April to September of the preceding year,negatively correlated to precipitation of May and November of the current year,and negatively correlated to precipitation of January,February,April,November and December of the preceding year,4) the ring width of Camellia rubimuricata was very significantly positively correlated to average annual relative humidity of the current year,positively correlated to average annual relative humidity of the preceding year,very significantly positively correlated to average annual relative humidity from April to September of the current year,significantly positively correlated to average annual relative humidity from April to September of the preceding year,negatively correlated to monthly average relative humidity of January and February of the current year,and negatively correlated to monthly average relative humidity of February of the preceding year.


Deadlock is a serious problem in asynchronous systems in which several users share a pool of resources in an unpreemptable manner. Habermann has investigated the avoidance of deadlock in systems in which only the maximum needs of a user are known in addition to system parameters. This paper investigates avoidance of deadlock in systems in which more detailed information about a user's needs is available. The essential problem is one of devising a suitable representation for such a system to aid in the analysis of deadlock. A suitable directed graph model analogous to Petri nets [2] is described and analyzed for the case where user activity is sequential and independent. The analysis relates, at first, to systems with one type of resource (usually core memory in computer systems) and an algorithmic allocation scheme is specified which is non-exhaustive and involves little backtracking. In fact, it is shown that only a few of the possibilities need be examined at any stage in the procedure. The analysis is subsequently extended to systems with multiple resource types and significant differences appear. Work on further extensions of the model and analysis thereof in the context of deadlock avoidance is in progress.


is the essential infimum of v∑(x,v)),and obtain the asymptotic expansion ofthe time-dependent solution which exists and is unique.Furthermore,we give the existence ofthe dominant eigenvalue and indicate the asymptotic behavior of the neutron density as t→+∞.


Aiming at features of the Markowitz mean-variance model and the weakness and shortage of simple Genetic Algorithm(GA) in the model,a kind of improved GA,namely dual mutation GA,is put forward.This algorithm introduces the mutant operator in the crossover operator,that is,a great quantity of close relation individuals appear in population,inbreeding is produced,crossover is stopped to mutate uniformly;In the meantime,the mutation operator is brought in the gradient direction to accelerate the algorithm convergence speed.The numerical experiment demonstrates that dual mutation algorithm presents features of global convergence,fast speed and avoiding of prematurity in solving the Markowitz mean-variance model.


This is an introduction to the issue of "Theoretical Practice" ("Praktyka Teoretyczna"), entitled "Economic Theologies" (no. 3, 2015), edited by Mikolaj Ratajczak and Rafal Zawisza. It contains contextual explanation of the theoretical field projected by the Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben, namely a critique of the economic theology elaborated on the basis of early Christian theological debates concerning the concept of divine "oikonomia". The introduction also includes short summaries of the articles, translations and reviews collected in the issue.


'Casuals' culture can be perceived as a postmodern phenomenon, which modifies and changes the football supporter culture in a fully blown consumerist era, where symbol movement is faster every day and implies minimal costs. Throughout this article, I attempted to prove the existence of a certain type of 'bricolage', created by recycling a set of brands, symbolically redefined by ultras groups. At the same time, the internalization of the 'casuals' movement by Romanian fanatical supporters also denotes the emergence of strong elements of hyper-consumerist culture, of differentiation and status, both at the level of individuals in the groups, as well as at the level of rival supporters groups. 'Casuals' style naturally matches the entrance of football and of the culture of supporting a team into postmodernity.


The golden apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata, is a freshwater snail native to tropical and subtropical South America. The species was introduced into Korea as a human food source in 1983 and was first applied as a weed control agent for the paddy fields in 1992. As the snail is well known as an environmentally friendly biological control agent for weeds, the area of cultivation in which the golden apple snail is used for biological control has been enlarged substantially each year. Currently, the species is observed in open water courses. It is possible that the snail may overwinter in these open water courses and may become a serious pest, as is already the case in many Asian countries. In this study, we determined the status of the overwintering golden apple snail based on a literature survey and investigated the potential distribution area of the snail, as a result from global warming in Korea. The potential distribution area of the overwintering golden apple snail would be enlarged under the influence of global warming; ranging from 45.5% of South Korea`s land area in the 2020s to 88.4% in the 2080s.


Pabrik Gula Gempolkrep is one of the subsidiaries of PTPN X engaged in the production of sugar. Currently Pabrik Gula Gempolkrep already using sistem informasi pabrik gula(SIPG) to support business processes, information systems used but still can not help pabrik gula gempolkrep to monitoring the productivity of sugarcane feedstock. This needs to be rectified as to achieve production targets. Pabrik Gula Gempolkrep need to monitor the productivity of sugarcane raw material that becomes the main raw material in sugar production. Based on the above, it was built dashboard for visualization of raw material productivity of sugarcane in Pabrik Gula Gempolkrep. The dashboard is designed to meet the information needs of sugarcane productivity of the manajer tanaman and kepala tebang angkut. The results of the evaluation system productivity dashboard for visualization of the raw material sugar cane in the mill Gempolkrep can change the raw material sugar cane productivity data into visual information that is accurate and in accordance with user needs to monitor the achievement of the productivity of sugarcane feedstock. Keywords: Dashboard, Visualization, Productivity


Short-term psychotherapy can be applied most successfully in the treatment of cases which are characterized by great tension, distress and emotional upheaval, accompanied by heightened problem awareness. These cases are mostly acute ones, or represent the flaring up of chronic personality disturbances which have hitherto been compensated. These arise as a consequence of interpersonal conflicts, crisis situations, incapacitating or particularly unpleasant symptoms, object-loss, etc. Increased problem awareness and feeling of helplessness may motivate such patients to seek help more actively; it can make them more prone to develop a close and intense relationship with the therapist. The motivation to psychotherapy can also be elicited and activated by the therapist's appropriate behavior (i.e., by his congruence, empathy, unconditioned positive regard for the patient, etc.). The patient's state of mind and his need for attachment to a person in an asymetric, help-seeking way make the therapeutic interaction more dynamic and more intense. The signs of transference (both positive and negative) appear earler and stronger, and projections, regressive behavior patterns, infantile wishes and expectations come forward and can be recognized. These aspects of the patient's behavior evolve usually in the form of what is called resistance in psychoanalytic therapy, hence, in short-term psychotherapy, special attention must be paid to the various manifestations of resistance. Resistance operates chiefly against the verbalization and working-through of past experiences; it hinders the development of insight, but does not prevent the therapeutic transactions which try to utilize motivational trends, manifested in the patterns of resistance, to help the patient to show and to communicate his problems in an indirect, disguised way to the therapist. This utilization increases the possibility of corrective emotional experience for the patient, and thereby facilitates behavior change. The most appropriate and effective procedure for controlling and utilizing resistance is the paradox communication, in the sense of communicational theory, as developed by Bateson, Jackson and Haley (or the Palo Alto group). Paradox communication – or simply paradox-involves verbal messages as well as nonverbal communication, and im- Bud a plies manipulative tactics on the part of the therapist with the therapeutic relationship; its principle rests on taking into account the adaptive functions of symptomatic behavior, although the adaptation is mostly inadequately accomplished, both within the personality and in the interpersonal field. Paradox communication consists of promoting in the patient some of the motivational tendencies or interactional strategies, which, in the particular case, have consequences that interfere with symptomatic behavior. This leads almost inevitably to change at some level, either in the patients' relationship with the therapist or in his behavior outside the therapist's office. Short-term psychotherapy can be regarded as a process of regulation in a two-person system – in the sense of the systems theory – through a sequence of paradox communications; it is thereby a process bringing about a change (mostly a limited one) in the patient's behavior. The whole process may evolve without the awareness of the patient, and along the lines of resistance. The author elaborates his observations and views about the theory and practical uses of paradox communications, and briefly states his assumptions concerning the limitations in therapeutic goals, and the criteria of the outcome in short-term psychotherapy.


Morphea and lichen sclerosus are inflammatory skin diseases of unknown aetiology. Morphea can be subdivided into plaque morphea, linear morphea and disabling or generalized morphea. In most patients morphea leads to superficial or deep sclerosis of the skin. The characteristic features of lichen sclerosus which often affects the genital area are edema of upper dermis, inflammatory infiltration and hyalinisation to the dermis at advanced stages. Patients with morphea or lichen sclerosus suffer especially from scar formation and morphea may lead to severe disfigurement, contractures and reduction of quality of life. Skin sclerosis seems to be the result of vascular damage, T cell activation and altered connective tissue production. Various therapies have been reported for lichen sclerosus and morphea. Whereas the topical use of ultrapotent corticosteroids is well established for genital lichen sclerosus, immunosuppressive agents are normally not successful in resolving extragenital skin sclerosis. In a retrospective study we confirmed the efficacy of phototherapy in more than 50 patients with morphea. Fourty treatments with 30 J/cm2 UVA-1 or PUVA-bath photochemotherapy resulted in a significant improvement, reduced skin thickness, as determined by high frequency ultrasound and reconstitution of functional mobility of the skin and even the underlying fasciae. In lichen sclerosus phototherapy was successful only in some patients. Thus for lichen sclerosus the use of topical corticosteroids is the first choice therapy, while phototherapy using either PUVA-bath or medium dose UVA-1 are the most effective treatments for morphea.


A new box-beam burster energy-absorbing single-sided crash cushion (BEAT-SSCC) was designed and crash tested. This energy-absorbing crash cushion is designed to shield a rigid hazard, such as the end of a concrete safety-shaped barrier. Energy-absorbing capabilities of the BEAT-SSCC are based on the bursting tube technology, similar to that used with the box-beam burster energy-absorbing terminal. Five full-scale vehicle crash tests were conducted to evaluate the impact performance of the BEAT-SSCC in accordance with guidelines set forth in NCHRP Report 350: (a) Test Designation 3-31—pickup truck head-on test; (b) Test Designation 3-38—pickup truck critical impact point test (two tests to evaluate two different critical impact points); (c) Test Designation 3-39—pickup truck reverse direction test at midpoint of crash cushion, and (d) modified Test Designation 3-39—pickup truck reverse direction test at connection to the concrete barrier. The crash cushion performed as designed, and the BEAT-SSCC meets all evaluation criteria for a Test Level 3 crash cushion set forth in NCHRP Report 350. The BEAT-SSCC is being evaluated by FHWA for approval to be used on the National Highway System.


In this paper we aim at establishing a link between the preferential semantics for conditionals and self-organising maps (SOMs). We show that a concept-wise multipreference semantics, recently proposed for defeasible description logics, which takes into account preferences with respect to different concepts, can be used to to provide a logical interpretation of SOMs.


This paper deals with the constrained vector optimization problem in order topological vector spaces.Under the assumption of generalized cone s-subconvexlikerness,the scalarization theorem and the saddle point theorem of Lagrange functions for δ-weakly effective solution in vector optimization are proposed.


1. It has been observed that dipyridamole (DIP) administration produces equivalent cardiovascular effects at lower systemic adenosine (ADO) plasma concentrations than those obtained with exogenous ADO infusion. This observation led to the identification of DIP for additional 'ischaemia‐inducing' mechanisms, possibly based on sympathetic activation.


The effectiveness of elemental sulfur fertilizers depends on the rate of their oxidation to the plant-available sulfate form. Although soil temperature and water potential are known to exert strong influences on sulfur oxidation, these effects have not been quantified. A laboratory incubation study, including a complete factorial of four temperature treatments (3, 15, 23, and 30†;C) and six water potential treatments (ranging from approximately −0.007–10 MPa), was conducted to define the influence of these parameters on the rate of oxidation in six soils. Oxidation rates and maximum rates were generally parabolically related to water potential at all temperatures. The maximum oxidation rate was observed at water potentials near field capacity, except in two soils with extreme moisture retention capacities: a sand (<-0.01 MPa) and a clay (–0.27 MPa). These differences were attributed to different air-filled porosities at high water potentials. Oxidation rates were exponentially related to temperature, and mean Q10 values ranged from 3.2–4.3, indicating that sulfur oxidation is much more responsive to changes in soil temperature than most other biologically mediated reactions. This sensitivity to temperature probably accounts for the limited effectiveness of most elemental sulfur fertilizers in Western Canada, where soil temperatures remain below 15†C for most of the year. Defining oxidation rate as a function of temperature and water potential will facilitate prediction of plant-available sulfur release from elemental sulfur and lead to the development of improved fertilizers and fertilization practices.


More than a quarter century ago (1994), I wrote a book (Signs of Warning, Signs of Hope) making a number of predictions for the future. Chapter eight set forth the case for a coming crisis of loneliness.{2} Years earlier Philip Slater wrote about The Pursuit of Loneliness. The US Census Bureau documented the increasing number of adults living alone. Dan Kiley talked about living together loneliness in one of his books. Roberta Hestenes coined the term "crowded loneliness." The trend was there for anyone to see if they began reading some of the sociological literature.


Drug development is a complex set of inter-linked processes in which the cumulative understanding of a drug's safety and efficacy profile is shaped during different learning phases. Often, drugs are approved based on limited safety information, for example in highly at risk or rare disease populations. Therefore, post approval, regulatory organizations have mandated proactive surveillance strategies that include the collection of reported adverse events experienced by exposed populations, some of whom may have been on treatment for extended periods of time. Analyzing these accumulating adverse event reports to understand their clinical significance, given the limitations imposed by the methods of data collection, is a complicated task. The aim of this chapter is to provide the readers with a general understanding of safety signal detection and assessment, followed by a description of statistical methods (both classical and Bayesian) typically utilized for quantifying the strength of association between a drug and an adverse event.


ABSTRACT (1-x) Li0.12Na0.88NbO3-xBaTiO3 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.40) ferroelectric ceramics were prepared using conventional ceramics route and their phase transitional behavior is investigated by using dielectric spectroscopy. The phase and microstructure analysis confirm a homogeneous solid solution and an existence of morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) composition near x = 10–12.5. A partial phase diagram has been proposed based on temperature-dependent dielectric permittivity ϵ′(T) studies. The observed diffused phase transition in ϵ′(T) was characterized by an acceptable and competent characterizing parameter (D), defined by Uchino et al. [J Am Ceram Soc 2010;93:4011], was measured and validated. Interestingly, a crossover from ferroelectric (FE) diffused phase transition (DPT) to relaxor ferroelectric (RFE) transition is found for the composition x ≥ 0.225. The ferroelectric-diffused phase transition (FE-DPT) is characterized by a frequency-independent temperature of dielectric maxima (Tm), while an RFE is found to have a frequency-dependent Tm.


Abstract : Two wide-open, multiple-band, crystal video intercept systems have been compared in an operational environment. The principal difference in the two systems was that one used the AN/SPS-8A radar antenna and the other the AS- 570/SLR ECM antenna. Both used conventional crystal video receiving techniques and a novel radar PPI display consisting of concentric rings to represent the frequency bands and attached radial spokes to represent intercept bearing. In addition, limited tests were made of (1) a proposed radar video tape recorder technique for display of radar information during intermittent radar operation, and (2) the usefulness of the intermittent radar technique to prevent detection by snooper aircraft. It is concluded that radar antennas in general are inherently not suitable for wide band intercept applications. This is because of their narrow rf transmission band, restricted (normally linear) polarization, and low rotation speed. These characteristics are not compatible with acceptable intercept receiver performance.


British Government in India had followed a policy of isolation, which led to the exploitation of trials by Zamindars and landlords. After Independence, the Government of India has provided a number of provisions in the Constitution to safeguard the tribal interests and to achieve faster economic development. The Indian Constitution has laid down various protective as well as ameliorative measures to develop the tribals.  These measures have been in the form of assuring their political representation as well as their representation in services through reservation.  In order to advise on matters pertaining to the development scheduled tribes, compulsory Tribe Advisory councils have been formed in the states where tribals live both in scheduled areas and outside. Changes have been made in the forest policy, guaranteeing the tribals certain rights on forest produce. The Long term credit should be provided to enable the tribal to free himself from the strangle hold of the usurious moneylenders and the tribals repaying capacity should be raised by improving their economic conditions.  The institutional credit should forth come in an adequate measure and the procedure should be simplified to attract the tribals to take advantage of the credit facilities provided by the institution.  But the crux of the problem still remains.


This article aims to explore an indirect effect of early maladaptive schemas on workaholism in teachers. The paper provides a general view of 18 early maladaptive schemas introduced by J. Young. Early maladaptive schemas are self-defeating, emotional and cognitive patterns derived from childhood and repeated throughout the life. These negative patterns of behavior have a poor impact on mental health and are aligned with psychological deviations, including workoholism as an addiction. The article highlights the problem of workaholism as one of the urgent problemsof modern society, since workaholism is considered as a positive phenomenon contributing a lot to the sustainability of economic development. More specific aim of the current research is to examine the association of workaholism and early maladaptive schemas. The study applies measures Workoholism Facet-Based Scale adopted by I. Onopchenko and YSQ-S3 adopted by M. Padun to assess workoholism and maladaptive schemas in teachers.The results of the research suggest that workaholism in school teachers is associated with early maladaptive schemas, notably self-sacrifice, unrelenting standards (hypercriticalness), approval-seeking (recognition-seeking), negativity (pessimism), punitiveness and vulnerability to harm or illness. An important finding of our study is that correlation between desire to high standards and workaholism is mediated by the indirect effect of self-sacrifice scheme. The prospects of further research are linked to study of workaholism in the context of the psychological well-being and quality of life of this professional group.


We study the internal structure of the proton and propose a shell structure model of the proton. Based on the mass distribution and mass radius of proton we analyze the experiments at different energy scales and conclude that there should be shell structure inside proton, and the quark and gluon shells are energy-scale-dependent. We successfully explain the dip-like structure in the proton-proton elastic scattering cross section distribution from TOTEM Collaboration using the mass decomposition of proton and the proton shell structure at different energy scales.


This study aimed to facilitate evaluation of alternative refrigerants for the air conditioner market. In order to achieve this target, two objectives were set. The first being the identification of ...


At present, Chinese higher education is facing with complex relationships among administrative(politics) logic, capital(market) logic and academic(knowledge) logic.It is vital how to balance and restrain administrative, capital and academic logic properly in constructing the Chinese university system.In this paper, the author suggests that we should institutionalize the logical relationships among administrative, capital and academy from the aspects of reforming CCP board in university, establishing academic governing boards, writing a constitution, practicing professorial governance, reconstructing basic academic organizations and reforming the degree system.


ABSTRACT
A research was carried out to determine the yield, content of constituent compounds, and analysis of the quality of clove leaf essential oil (Syzygium aromaticum L.) at different altitudes. The study used dry clove leaves obtained from Buleleng Regency, Bali Province with an altitude of 300 meters above sea level (masl), 600 masl, and 900 masl. Extraction of essential oils was carried out by steam distillation. The essential oil obtained was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and the quality was tested using the quality requirements of SNI 06-2387-2006. Parameters observed were yield, identification of constituent compounds, analysis of essential oil quality including color, odor, specific gravity, and refractive index, solubility in alcohol, optical rotation, total eugenol and caryophyllene. The results showed that clove leaf essential oil in the lowlands (300 masl) had a higher yield of 2.05% and more types of active compounds than in the optimal altitude (600 masl) which was 1.45% and the highlands (900 masl) was 1.85%. The main compounds that make up clove leaf essential oil were eugenol, caryophyllene, and humulene. Other compounds were longifoline, nootkatone, naphthalene, citronellal, and cyclohexene. The clove leaf essential oil from the three heights met the quality requirements of SNI 06-2387-2006.
Keywords: Essential oil, cloves, eugenol, GC-MS, secondary metabolites


In order to detect the hardware Trojan in the integrated circuits,the K-means algorithm based on the side-channel analysis was used to classify the chip under tested. Detected the hardware Trojan by the K-means algorithm,the accuracy was related to the noise and the size of Trojan.Experimental results showed that the hardware Trojan occupied about 1. 49% and 2. 39% of the original module could be precise recognition,and verified the validity of the method.


In order to deal with the discharges of activated dye production process in some dye plants that have high CODcr and chroma.The technology of electric flocculation+catalyzed oxidation is adapted to treat the wastewater.The results show that the effluent quality has achieved the sewage treatment plant control standard.


coherently enough to act sufficiently sharply as the other side to the picture of Spanish efforts. Had Mr Weddle assumed a little more ignorance on the part of his readers on the early stages of the La Salle venture, he might have brought out more effectively the blunders, crimes and misfortunes of its later history. He gives much detail on the Spanish expeditions and appears to have an effective grasp of the many difficult topographical problems with which he is faced. He has worked almost wholly from photocopies in Texas libraries, but he appears to have covered the ground quite thoroughly and he is able to add a good deal of detail to what is already known, especially as the broad picture of Franco-Spanish relations in the Gulf has already been examined in detail, so that he fills a gap, and gives us some background for the history of Spanish Texas and Florida and also for French Louisiana, as well as providing us with some dramatic incidents, which we see, with gratitude, emerging from a maze of Spanish incompetence and blundering.


The photovoltaic performance of squaraine-based organic solar cells is investigated. Two squaraine derivatives with extraordinarily high extinction coefficients are used as electron donors in bilayer heterojunctions with fullerene as electron acceptor. Due to the very strong squaraine absorption band in the red spectral domain, antibatic behavior due to light filtering is observed in the photocurrent spectrum for film thicknesses of 35 nm to 40 nm. At reduced film thicknesses of 20 nm, this filtering effect at maximum absorption can be alleviated and power conversion efficiencies under simulated AM 1.5 full sun irradiation of 0.59% and 1.01% are obtained for the two squaraine derivatives, respectively. The photovoltaic properties of these cells are investigated with respect to electrode materials and chemical doping.


This study examinedthe effect of school accreditation, education budget, and teacher competence on the quality of high school graduates. The analysis method used was a panel regression through the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) approach, and the data were from 2017-2019. The results showed that school accreditation and education budgets had an effect on the quality of graduates. Also, the implication of this study is that schools need to increase accreditation, as well as the education budget. In terms of teacher competence, the teachers need to improve their             competence by taking an active role in organizations, training teacher capacity, and mastery of information technology. Meanwhile, teacher competence has no effect on the quality of graduates in senior secondary schools. Simultaneously, all variables have a significant effect on the graduates quality. The limitation of this study is the data used, regardless of the status of private and public schools. Therefore, studies to compare private and public schools are of particular interest.


The rational behavior of financial investors is defined by the preference to obtain more wealth, whether from more value or higher dividends. The indicator which represents this main concern, which we shall name Economic Wealth Added, EWA, has neither been characterized, nor explained directly by the control levers which pilot it.While the classic economy presented earnings after tax amortization and depreciation as the major economic stream, economists concentrated their attention on value as the main paradigm, presenting it first by its distribution side by the means of discounting free cash flows, often omitting the creation side, which must distance the previous ones. Actually, an investment contributes to the value, a long time before the distribution of the cash flow which it will generate: if its expected profitability decreases, the value of the company will decrease immediately, thereby decreasing financial profit. This will also have an impact on the possibilities of economic development. Faced with this economic and financial reality, the Copernican revolution is to make the created wealth, EWA, the first subject of interest.We are therefore going to define the economic wealth added, both in static and in dynamic terms, and we will show how much this concept, allows to understand the aptness of investment policy, the optimization of financial structure, by distancing itself from naive visions of a classical and traditional economy without financial markets, where the wealth created by a company was not sufficiently anticipative. This paradigm, also leads to repositioning the notion of accounting capital and the related classic ratios, and questions the notion of profit maximization. EWA offers a multidimensional vision of wealth creation, namely, by showing the economy as whole or by stakeholder, gross or net of the risks, expected or realized, over a period or accumulated.Economic Wealth Added must be considered the reference measurement for the management of the economic and financial performance of companies as well as a main concern for the economy.


In this research, the effect of two different per centages of silicon, i.e. 0.08 and 0.3 wt-%, on microstructure and stress rupture life of a Ni-based superalloy was investigated. The results showed that the fraction of eutectic increased from 1.86 to 3.55% with increasing Si content and a higher fraction of eutectic was found on grain boundaries in high Si-bearing alloy. Upon stress rupture at 975°C/225 MPa, cracking initiates and propagates along Laves phases in 0.3 wt-% Si alloy, causing shorter lifetime comparing to that of 0.08 wt-% Si. The microscopic examination uncovered that Si prefers to segregate towards liquid and γ phase, which can explain different rupture lifetimes of two groups of Si-bearing alloys.


We have synthesized new fluorescent organic molecules namely arylidene malanonitriles, through Knovenegal condensation reaction of aryl aldehydes and malanonitrile, which are capable of detectingCd2+and Cu2+ ions in water with sensitivity. The synthesized molecules are characterized through infrared spectrometry, high resolution Mass spectrometry and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy. The fluorescent organic molecules exhibited a fluorescent emission and significant UV-Vis absorption, the intensity of which is increased proportional to the addition of Cd2+ and Cu2+ ions. The lowest detection limit for the Cd2+and Cu2+ were found to be 2.0×10-10 M and 4×10-12 M, respectively.


This paper presents a photoplethysmography (PPG)-based continuous user authentication (CA) system, which especially leverages the PPG sensors in wrist-worn wearable devices to identify users. We explore the uniqueness of the human cardiac system captured by the PPG sensing technology. Existing CA systems require either the dedicated sensing hardware or specific gestures, whereas our system does not require any users' interactions but only the wearable device, which has already been pervasively equipped with PPG sensors. Notably, we design a robust motion artifacts (MA) removal method to mitigate the impact of MA from wrist movements. Additionally, we explore the characteristic fiducial features from PPG measurements to efficiently distinguish the human cardiac system. Furthermore, we develop a cardiac-based classifier for user identification using the Gradient Boosting Tree (GBT). Experiments with the prototype of the wrist-worn PPG sensing platform and 10 participants in different scenarios demonstrate that our system can effectively remove MA and achieve a high average authentication success rate over $90%$.


We have recently introduced the two new computing models of self-similar cellular automata and self-similar Petri nets. Self-similar automata result from a progressive, infinite tessellation of space and time. Self-similar Petri nets consist of a potentially infinite sequence of coupled transitions with ever increasing firing rates. Both models are capable of hypercomputations and can, for instance, ``solve'' the halting problem for Turing machines. We survey the main definitions and propositions and add new results regarding the indeterminism of self-similar cellular automata.


Two different worlds exist in the Solomon Islands: the development world which, in part, Australia has imposed and the Solomon Islands world, where Solomon Islanders continue to live regardless. That is how it seemed to me during the 15 months I spent from 2005 to 2007 working as an Australian Youth Ambassador for Development (AYAD) in the Solomon Islands, mainly in the Malaita and Temotu Provinces.


Augmenting native populations of the hyperparasite Lecanicillium lecanii suppressed powdery mildew of strawberry, caused by Sphaerotheca macularis f. sp. fragariae in California field trials. Repeated sprays significantly reduced disease compared to the untreated controls for periods of the fruit production season, suggesting possible use as a partial, but not total disease control strategy.


Roitman's paper explores the concept of 'economic citizenship' through an examination of practices in the cross-border territories of the Chad Basin. In doing so, Roitman demonstrates the simultaneous existence of regulated and unlicensed economic activities. Her exploration of the discourse surrounding these economic practices, and the civil disobedience of the Villes Mortes campaign, which brought regulated and unregulated traders together in a refusal to pay tax, reveals a concept of economic citizenship at work. Her analysis reveals the genealogies of citizenship in the Chad Basin, where notions of freedom were marked by the legacies of Islamic conquest as well as of French colonialism.


Nurses have become a scarce resource nationally and globally. In the United Kingdom senior nurses are beginning to assume responsibility for strategies to improve recruitment and retention, but there appears to be a lack of research to explore their role. Telephone interviews took place with 29 senior nurses throughout the summer of 2004. The response rate was high (80.5%), representing Trusts from all major regions in England. The data were analysed by content. All respondents had been appointed during the last five years and were experienced clinical nurses who had usually been employed in the same Trust before appointment. They were selected on the basis of their local knowledge and interpersonal skills. None had received formal preparation for the role, but all reported developing invaluable new skills 'on the job' since appointment. Respondents worked with human resource departments but instead of overlapping with traditional human resource functions, they offered a different perspective. This was possible because of their special knowledge of professional nursing issues. They had experience of international recruitment, but reported that organised campaigns were increasingly being replaced by initiatives to attract and retain staff locally, especially newly qualified nurses. This work was undertaken in conjunction with university staff. Respondents did not implement flexible working hours and family-friendly policies for existing staff, but worked with colleagues who assumed this responsibility. All handled speculative enquiries from potential recruits and in most Trusts vacancies were reported to be now mainly for experienced nurses, especially for very specialist clinical services. Postholders considered they were making an impact on staffing levels and enjoyed high levels of job satisfaction. Further research is needed to explore whether Trusts that employ dedicated nurses to address staffing issues are able to recruit and retain more effectively than those that do not. Research should be extended to include mental health and community Trusts in the United Kingdom as well as acute Trusts. Assuming that respondents' accounts are 'trustworthy', this study demonstrates senior nurses' ability to undertake advanced human resource management practice which is known to contribute to the success of organisations.


AIM: To study the effects of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) on primary cultured sinoatrial node (SAN) cells and the influence of pinacidil (a K_(ATP) channel activator). METHODS: The SAN cells were isolated from newborn rats and purified. The 48 h cultured cells were cultivated in following mediums: simulated reperfusion solution as normal control, simulated ischemia/reperfusion solution (I/R), Pinacidil+I/R (P+I/R), 5-HD+P+I/R and 5-HD+I/R. Spontaneous action potentials were recorded by ruptured-patch whole-cell technique in current clamp ((I=0)) and the maximum diastolic potential (MDP), upstroke velocity (UV), action potential overshoot (APO), interbeat interval (IBI) and action potential durations at 50% repolarization (APD_(50)) were measured. RESULTS: Compared with control group, simulated ischemia/reperfusion shorten APD_(50), reduced UV, MDP and APO. Exposed to pinacidil, MDP of cells in I/R groups was hyperpolarized; IBI, UV and APO were increased; APD_(50) was shorten. 5-HD couldn't block the effects of pinacdil on APD_(50), IBI and MDP, but reversed its actions on increasing UV and APO. CONCLUSIONS: Pinacidil made changes of AP in I/R group by opening different K_(ATP) channels of SAN cells. The role of this changes on protection in SAN cells during ischemia/reperfusion requires further investigation. [


Aerobicpiatecount,as a target for the extent of contamination in food,is very important in sanitization. In this paper,the national standard test method and some rapid methods developed in recent years for detecting aerobicpiatecount are introduced. It also gave some analysis for development prospects of rapid methods for determination of in food.


This paper presents an artificial neural network (ANN) model based design for Hénon chaotic systems, and its equivalent hardware model for hardware co-simulation using Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). Chaotic generators can be used for the study of chaotic behaviors of brain activities captured by Electroencephalogram (EEG). The ANN model is designed with different fixed-point data format and evaluated using MATLAB and Simulink simulation. The chaotic level is measured by calculating the Lyapunov exponent over a certain range of selected system parameters. The ANN models are designed with the consideration of hardware implementation on Field Programmable Gates Array (FPGA) device using fixed-point data format.


The interaction force coefficients of ship maneuvering were calculated using genetic algorithm(GA) based on the simulation data with 2% noise and 5% noise,but these coefficients are sensitive and unstable because of measurement error,these result in false parameters identified and the parameters are meaningless.A regularization method was introduced to solve the ill-posedness for ship maneuvering,as a result,the system is stable for the simulation data with 2% noise and 5% noise and the method is suitable for engineering.


Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF) is a new immunosuppressant demonstrated to be effective at the dose of 2 to 3 g/day. The objective of this study was to determine whether MMF could be used at a lower dose with the same efficacy. Two patient groups were studied: 334 patients treated with azathioprine (AZA) and 60 patients treated MMF (at the dose of 750 mg/day, for patients receiving triple combination therapy or 1.5 g/day for those receiving two-agent combination therapy). The rest of the treatment was identical for the 2 groups. The main endpoint was the incidence of acute rejection at 3 months, which was 16% in the MMF group and 35% in the AZA group (p = 0.003). Multivariate analysis confirmed the impact of the type of purine synthesis inhibitor used (AZA or MMF, p = 0.007) on the acute rejection rate at 3 months. This study confirms the value of MMF, even at doses lower than those recommended in the international literature, with improved safety. MMF has now replaced azathioprine in our immunosuppressant protocols.


Bacilius cereus is a great safety concern for dairy industry as it is associated with incidences of food poisoning by producing enterotoxins. In the present study, growth temperature profile and enterotoxin production potental of 144 strains of Bacalus cereus isolated from milk and dairy products were investigated. Out of them, 107 (74.36) were able to grow at s7 oC. Presence of such a large number of psychrotolerant/psychotrophic strains in dairy environment is of major concern mainly because of their potential for growth, spoilage and ton production in chilled products. Out of 144 isolates, 134 (93%) exhibited haemalysis. While 98% of the solates from milk and 899% from. cheese were positive for diarhoeal enterotoxin, all the isolates from milk powder, ice cream, paneer and butter were positive. The prevalence of potent producers of enterotoxin among dairy isolates pases a high health risk.


While they are many, one of the inhibitors to the wide spread diffusion of PACS systems has been robust, cost effective digital archive storage solutions. Moreover, an automated Nearline solution is key to a central, sharable data repository, enabling many applications such as PACS, telemedicine and teleradiology, and information warehousing and data mining for research such as patient outcome analysis. Selecting the right solution depends on a number of factors: capacity requirements, write and retrieval performance requirements, scaleability in capacity and performance, configuration architecture and flexibility, subsystem availability and reliability, security requirements, system cost, achievable benefits and cost savings, investment protection, strategic fit and more.This paper addresses many of these issues. It compares and positions optical disk and magnetic tape technologies, which are the predominant archive mediums today. Price and performance comparisons will be made at different archive capacities, plus the effect of file size on storage system throughput will be analyzed. The concept of automated migration of images from high performance, high cost storage devices to high capacity, low cost storage devices will be introduced as a viable way to minimize overall storage costs for an archive. The concept of access density will also be introduced and applied to the selection of the most cost effective archive solution.


DISCLAIMER: IAHD reserves the right to update this publication and make changes to the outcomes at any time if new information become available following this release. The update will be carried out without prior notice. This publication or any related updates are published at the Defra's website above. This publication and any subsequent update, if available, may be used free of charge in any format or medium provided it is used accurately and not used in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as crown copyright and the title of the publication specified. Suggested reference for this publication: Defra, (2005). Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1) in Western Eastern Europe (Authors: Sabirovic, Hall, S., Coulson, N., Grimley, P., Wilson, V., Landeg F.), International Animal Health Division, 1A Page Street, London, SW1P 4PQ, United Kingdom. Version 1, Released 8 November 2005, pp. 27 ©Crown copyright Copyright in the typographical arrangement and design rests with the Crown


AbstractThe annealing of supersaturated solid solutions has been studied in a number of rapidly solidified AI-transition metal alloys using transmission electron microscopy. Two very different decomposition processes have been found. The first involves the generation and migration of dislocation networks which provide short circuit diffusion paths to the grain boundaries for the solute atoms, where they precipitate as the equilibrium phase. Typical examples are Al–Mo and Al–V The second mechanism involves the precipitation of metastable quasicrystals in the grains before the equilibrium phase is formed, also within the grains. This process has been observed in Al–Cr and Al–Fe alloys. The different mechanisms are discussed in terms of the ability to generate dislocations and the stability of quasicrystal precipitates in Al–transition metal alloys. Stable supersaturated solid solutions containing quasicrystals exhibit strong strengthening behaviour. The significance of these observations is discussed in ter...


To avoid the risk of falling house prices,the paper designed a reverse mortgage value options.Black-Scholes formula is adopted to establish the option-pricing model,on the basis of assuming the price follows Ito process,using Ito's lemma to figure out the random progress of options strike price.Then Matlab simulation tools are used to simulate the pricing result by using the second-hand house price data in Shanghai,and the sensitivity analysis is carried on,in order to provide the reference for preventing the reverse mortgage housing volatility risk.


The mucoadhesive drug delivery system is a drug delivery system in which drugs, along with bioadhesive polymers, are designed to contact longer in the mucous membrane of the gastrointestinal tract. This study aims to formulate glimepiride with sodium alginate polymer to produce granules in mucoadhesive form, the influence of sodium alginate on the characteristics of Glimepirid mucoadhesive granules, and the dissolution profile of Glimepiride mucoadhesive granules. The preparation is made with three formulas with various comparisons. The manufacture of granules is carried out through wet granulation. Characterization of mucoadhesive granules is performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Determination of levels of Glimepiride active substances and mucoadhesive granules with HPLC: ZA 99.2566%, F1 100.8666%, F2 101.01%, F3 100.8733%. The dissolution profile shows an increase in the rate of dissolution, which is 7.4013% for pure glimepiride and successive formulas FI 8.155%; FII 7.6644% and FIII 7.9942%. The mucoadhesive ability of formula III is the highest compared to other formulas, namely 96% (in vitro mucoadhesive test) and 68.67% (wash-off test). It can be concluded Glimepirid formulation with sodium alginate polymer can produce mucoadhesive preparations.


We discuss here 4-cordial labeling of some standard graph families. We prove that wheels, fans and friendship graphs are 4-cordial. We also prove that gear graph, double fan and helm admit 4-cordial labeling.


Joe Brainard (1941-1994), artist and writer of New York school, published in the beginning of the 1970s a series of I Remember (I Remember, 1970; More I Remember, 1972; More I Remember More, 1973; I Remember Christmas, 1973), noting down his childhood and adolescence memory, which turns out to be full of rather naive, trivial, derisory remarks or happenings. Each item begins systematically with the same phrase structure "I remember . . ." There is no specific order to organize nearly 1500 items. Almost in the same time, French writer Georges Perec (1936-1982) imitated the title and the form of I Remember and realized his own project of Je me souviens and stopped when he achieved 480 items (1978). Comparing one with the other, we can see that Brainard tends to reveal his intimate, even sexual experiences, while adopting a quasi-sociological viewpoint, Perec insisted on the recollection of public events belonging to a whole generation. Nevertheless, under this apparent contrast of choice, the reading of these two works proves their profound affinity. Years passed by since the publication of these two works in the 1970s, and today the reader's reception must have changed quite a lot. In this article, in reference to Michael Sheringham's research on the everyday life theory, the aesthetic reflections by Maurice Blanchot, and politico-ethical thinking of Georgio Agamben, we try to apprehend both works as artistic "project" dealing with the everydayness as well as the ethical proposition implied in its realization.


We study the problem of collaboratively estimating the state of an LTI system monitored by a network of sensors (nodes), subject to the following important practical considerations: (i) certain sensors might be arbitrarily compromised by an adversary and (ii) the underlying communication graph governing the flow of information across sensors might be time-varying. We first analyze a scenario involving intermittent communication losses that preserve certain information flow patterns over bounded intervals of time. By equipping the sensors with adequate memory, we show that one can obtain a fully distributed, provably correct state estimation algorithm that accounts for arbitrary adversarial behavior, provided certain conditions are met by the network topology. We then argue that our approach can handle bounded communication delays as well. Next, we explore a case where each communication link stochastically drops packets based on an analog erasure channel model. For this setup, we propose state estimate update and information exchange rules, along with conditions on the network topology and packet drop probabilities, that guarantee mean-square stability despite arbitrary adversarial attacks.


Abstract Objectives Uterine artery pseudoaneurysm (UAP) is a rare but sinister complication during pregnancy. Diagnosis can be made by color Doppler ultrasound. Previous abdominal- and obstetric surgery increase the risk for UAP formation. Case presentation We present a case of a 36 year young healthy women, presenting at 27 weeks of gestation with acute lower abdominal pain. UAP was detected by color Doppler ultrasound. An endovascular coil embolization was performed, with good maternal and fetal outcome. Furthermore, a review of the literature looking at UAP embolization in pregnancy was performed. Conclusions UAP is reported to appear as a complication of endometriosis. UAP should be treated by endovascular coil embolization, which is a safe and with almost 100% success rate an effective treatment during pregnancy.


The paper is based on the multispecies analysis of the "ShoppingScapes", buildings that are becoming the complimentary part of a city everyday contemporary living, as well as being social and global phenomena. The paper treats aspects of contemporary ShoppingScapes concepts as public spaces and factors of successful ambience created to make shopping more enjoyable. The analysis is based on researching building opportunities in WB, at first in Serbia. These objects as huge energy consumers are more often becoming self-sustaining systems which are using and exploit natural resources taking an active role in creating a new ecology. Having in mind that ShoppingScapes buildings spend a great amount of energy in the service phase, the authors are interested in researching the sustainable pattern for Serbia. This paper explains the influence of urban and cultural dynamic towards architecture of these objects and contemplates future possible solutions.


The key factor is the Construction enterprise that completes Green Building. The Construction Technology Scheme is the important content of the Construction design that have directly influence on the effect of the construction. For the target of the Green building, the Construction Technology Scheme must reflect the "green" concept. Having a research on the content system of the green-building's Technology Scheme, the authors propose "green" technical measures, make organic combination in the Construction design,and promote sustainable development of construction.


If the Western people stress the natural law,the Chinese the "kingly way-Wang Faren." The Chinese legitimacy is a vague,uncertain and limited ideology and often replaced by the concept of reasonableness in Chinese political and ideological history.Therefore,legitimacy has always been a weak concept and thinking.


The present invention discloses a design of a red and blue LED-based light source system plant adjustable light, belonging to the field of electronics. The system consists of DC power system, the SCM system, the red light blues system BCR321U drive pulse based on the composition. By stabilizing system provides a stable DC operating voltage to the microcontroller, cause the microcontroller system to work, loading the control program into the microcontroller system, the pulse signal from the PWM microcontroller output port, a drive pulse signal modulated red and blue LED light to achieve. Object of the present invention is to change the LED light source system plant red LED and blue LED brightness, realized in its own plant photosynthesis light in the growth environment, and to achieve effective absorption of light energy, reduce unnecessary energy loss.


The shape functions in C1 natural element method (C1 NEM) are built upon the natural neighbor interpolation (NNI), and realize the interpolation to nodal function and nodal gradient values, so that the essential boundary conditions (EBCs) can be imposed directly in a Galerkin scheme for the partial differential equations (PDEs). In the present paper, C1 NEM for couple-stress (CS) elasticity is constructed, and the typical example which has analytical solutions is presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the constructed method.


Wolf spiders that build webs produce silks that perform differently than those that do not build webs, supporting hypotheses that web building and silk performance co-evolved in spiders.


Fabrication of metal matrix surface composites is an emerging trend of friction stir processing (FSP) applications. This research proposes fabrication of AA 6063/SiC surface composites (SCs) using FSP. Influences of FSP process parameters viz. tool rotational speed, traverse speed and tilt angle were investigated on the distribution of reinforcement particles and mechanical properties of SCs. Experiments were designed using Taguchi technique. Optimum combinations of process parameters were determined for higher microhardness and ultimate tensile strength respectively using signal/noise ratio graphs, response tables and analysis of variance method. Results revealed that the uniform dispersion of reinforcement particles and appreciable improvement in mechanical properties was achieved by employing optimal combinations of 1,400 rpm tool rotational speed, 40 mm/min traverse speed and 2.5° tilt angle. About 46% enhancement in microhardness was achieved with optimal parameters as compared to base metal. Conclusions of this research clearly correlate microstructural observations with mechanical properties and reinforcement distribution.


At first glance, Canada and Europe seem to be diverging dramatically in their approach to immigrant integration. While support for a multicultural approach seems to remain strong in Canada, a potent backlash pervades European debates. This paper argues that beneath the image of transatlantic divergence, there are important elements of convergence. First, the retreat from multiculturalism in Europe is more complete at the level of discourse than policy. With a few notable exceptions, multicultural policies have remained stable or even grown stronger since 2000. In many countries, new integration programs are being layered over multicultural initiatives introduced in earlier decades. Second, many of the new integration policies celebrated as evidence of a U-turn away from multiculturalism resemble programs that have long been part of immigrant integration in Canada. As a result, transatlantic convergence is indeed part of the contemporary story. However, there are also limits to this convergence. While some European countries are opting for liberal, voluntary approaches to integration, which can be combined with a multicultural approach to diversity, others are adopting more obligatory, illiberal versions of civic integration that seem inconsistent with the support for diversity central to a multicultural approach.


The PPO and phenolics involved in the enzymatic browning in apple and some methords to inhibit the enzymatic browning occurring in the processing of cloudy apple juice were discussed.


A rectenna, also known as RF envelope detector, based on a Schottky diode as the nonlinear detecting element is designed, implemented, and measured. A circuit architecture is proposed and a design method is discussed. The performance characterization shows that a 2.45-GHz on-off keying encoded signal, consisting of a 32-b word, is demodulated within less than 10 ms. The circuit requires 1-V supply, 980-nA bias current, and −54.7-dBm input power at the antenna, in order to prevent decoding errors from arising.


At intermediate service temperatures hot mix asphalt (HMA) concretely are subjected to different loading rates due to movement of vehicles which can significantly affect their mechanical characteristics and final service load. Hence, in this paper the effect of loading rate on intermediate temperature fracture resistance of HMA materials is investigated experimentally in different modes of cracking. Different hot mix asphalt mixtures made of various compositions were subjected to asymmetric threepoint bend loading in the form of edge cracked semi-circular bend (SCB) specimens. The effect of aggregate type and air void were studied on the fracture energy values for three mode mixities (including pure mode I, mixed mode I/II and pure mode II) and at different temperatures of 5°C, 15°C and 25°C. Trends of change in fracture energy values revealed noticeable influence of loading rate on the low and intermediate temperature cracking behavior of tested asphalt mixtures with different air void contents and aggregate types subjected to mixed mode I/II loading. Also, a change observed in fracture resistance of asphalt mixtures at nearly zero (5°C) and intermediate temperatures (25°C) that was due to change in the behavior of bitumen from elastic to viscoelastic.


Ice induced vibration (IIV) can be a serious design condition for structures located in arctic waters. In some conditions, ice-induced vibrations can cause discomfort to the crew onboard, create unsuitable conditions for operations and even cause damage to the structure. Currently, limited guidelines are available to design structures for IIV. Consideration is given here to understanding the phenomenon of steady-state IIV (SS-IIV) and to developing design aids for structures facing this condition. The paper begins with the Maattanen model, which can predict the onset (susceptibility) of SS-IIV based on ice crushing properties and structural period. This is next used to simulate the response of an arctic lighthouse for a set of given ice conditions, and detect IIV occurrence. A closed-form stability-based solution using Eigen value analysis is then developed to classify equilibrium as either: (a) stable vibration, i.e. damped IIV (D-IIV) in which structure vibration decays to a static deformed shape; or (b) unstable, i.e. SS-IIV, in which sustained vibration occurs for a given ice condition. Bifurcation theory is used to determine the boundary separating the two states, SS-IIV and D-IIV. This criterion is shown capable of not only providing insight into IIV response but also of generating design guidance for this condition in an early stage of the design process when only general design parameters are known.


The Dengjiawu gneissic granodiorite intrusion in Shexian County is located in the southern margin of the Yangtze block.The Mo deposit is mainly located in the exo-contact zone between gneissic granodiorite and metamorphosed rhyolitic tuff,controlled by NE-trending faults.The gneissic granodiorite in Dengjiawu intrusion is characterized by strongly peraluminous,showing the nature of S-type granite and high-K calc-alkalic series rock.The gneissic granodiorite is rich in large ion lithophile elements(Rb,Th,K),and relatively depleted in high-field strength elements(Nb,Ta,Ti).The total REE contents are relatively low(ΣREE=114.3×10-6~259.1×10-6),and the rocks show obvious LREE and HREE fractionation(ΣLREE/ΣHREE=6.48~10.98),moderately negative Eu anomalies(EuN/EuN*=0.46~0.60),suggesting that these rocks had the character of typical volcanic arc rocks.Zircon U-Pb isotopic dating results show the 206Pb/238U apparent ages were from 739.0Ma to 815.9Ma,and weight average age was 772±11Ma(MSWD=5.0),suggesting the Dengjiawu gneissic granodiorite was formed in Neoproterozoic,being consistent with the formation ages(740~825Ma) of other Neoproterozoic granitoids in South Anhui.The "zircon saturation temperature" calculated by whole-rock Zr content show the magmatic crystallization temperature is 792~827℃.Zircon Hf isotopic compositions show eHf(t) of 0.55~4.69,with the average of 2.48,and tDM2 of 1364~1565Ma,indicating the source of the Dengjiawu gneissic granodiorite is dominated by juvenile crust component.Five molybdenite samples from the Dengjiawu Mo deposit yielded Re-Os model age of 141.1~141.6Ma,the isochron age of 141.8±2.2Ma,which represents the mineralization age.These suggest that the Dengjiawu gneissic granodiorite is not genetically related to the deposits,and that there might be an Early Cretaceous pluton underneath.The Re contents of molybdenite are 2.6×10-6~43.8×10-6,indicating that mineralized substances were mainly originated from the crust.


When modeling nonlinear deformation of elastic systems, various versions of displacement/strain geometrically nonlinear relations (GNR) are utilized [1-4]. Three kinds of the GNR-exact, complete quadratic, and incomplete quadratic ones-are compared and analyzed. The quadratic (complete and incomplete) relations are approximate ones. They result from the expansions of the exact relations in power series, with a certain number of terms being preserved. We show that the utilization of the approximate GNR can lead to a considerable error in the calculation and that it is impossible to determine beforehand which of the approximate versions should be preferred. The accuracy of the calculations on the basis of various GNR versions is estimated on the basis of simple case problems. Comparative examples are given. A finite-element formulation of the problem of strong geometrically nonlinear deformation of a cantilever beam, with the best parameterization procedure being involved, is considered.


The view synthesis process with Depth-Image-Based Rendering (DIBR) is presented as a promising way to enable applications like TV3D, Free Viewpoint Video, and others related to Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality. DIBR allows numerous virtual views of the same scene to be produced using only a single reference image and its depth map. However, artifacts (cracks and ghosts) and regions without information (holes) are formed in the synthesis process, which need to be treated or filled. In this thesis, we present two approaches for view synthesis with DIBR: ATA and DHS. We developed the ATA approach from in-depth studies on the generation of synthetic still images. This approach identifies empty and translucent cracks and reconstructs the affected regions with a specialized algorithm. Then, ghosts are identified through an evaluation process and warped to the correct positions. Finally, the remaining empty regions are filled with an adaptation of a popular inpainting algorithm that employs dynamically sized patches copied from the reference image and fits different hole types. The DHS approach, on the other hand, uses the advances produced with ATA, presenting an even more robust and reliable hole reconstruction method, aware of the image structure and composition. Ghosts are treated before the virtual view generation. An inpainting algorithm based on hierarchical superpixels is used for hole filling, which reconstructs empty regions based on their neighborhood composition by copying the contents of the reference image. Additionally, we propose a robust method for generating an incremental background model for videos that can be incorporated into any DIBR approach. As an example, we detailed its integration with DHS, which presented better results in the frame-by-frame evaluation. Exhaustive testing proves that the proposed approaches yield better quantitative and qualitative results when compared to several recent and competitive methods, both in the generation of synthetic still images as in videos, in tests with ground truth and real depth maps. As an additional contribution of this thesis, we evaluated the impact of using real depth maps produced with stereo matching in the synthesis process with DIBR and analyzed the relationship between quality metrics employed in both problems.


An expertly carved, one-half inch high ring stone without provenance in the Metropolitan Museum, New York, bears a portrait bust clad in effeminate attire, which gives several indications of Alexandrian manufacture. The portrait can be identified with great probability as Ptolemy IV Philopator, dressed as a gallos - a devotee of the Syro-Phrygian Great Mother Goddess, Hera/Cybele. It is known that Ptolemy IV was devoted to that cult, arranging for the orgiastic 'Gallos dance' to be performed at the Alexandrian court and personally assuming the by-name 'Gallos'. The New York bezel must have belonged to the signet ring of a very prestigious individual at the Ptolemaic court.


A real-time MPEG-2 video encoder has been developed based on a set of four dedicated IC designs. The encoder compresses video pictures according to ITU-R 601 recommendation into bit streams from 1.15 Mbit/s to 15 Mbit/s according to the specifications of the MPEG-2 video standard, Main Profile at Main Level (MP@ML). Other input formats can be handled, including various HDTV source formats, which are converted into bit streams of the Main Profile at High Level.


The utility model discloses an electric chair for old people. The electric chair comprises a pair of parallel backrests, foot rests and seat plates, wherein the front ends and the rear ends of the seat plates which are arranged in parallel are respectively connected with each other by a first horizontal shaft in a locating way; the backrests are connected with each other by a second horizontal shaft in a locating way; the second horizontal shaft is connected with a third horizontal shaft by an electric push rod; the third horizontal shaft is fixedly connected with a bottom quadrilateral frame by support rods; link mechanisms are respectively arranged between the foot rests and the seat plates; each link mechanism comprises a push rod, a sleeve, a first plate body and a second plate body; the two ends of each second plate bodie are respectively connected with the foot rests and the first plate bodies; the lower ends of the first plate bodies are pivoted to the quadrilateral frame, and the upper ends of the first plate bodies are pivoted with the second plate bodies; the sleeves are pivoted to the middle parts of the second plate bodies; the sleeves are pivoted with the push rods; and the push rods are pivoted with the lower ends of the backrests. The electric chair for the old man is simple in structure and convenient to use.


Since the 1980s,the teaching research related mathematics question has drawn the universal attention in the mathematical field both at home and abroad.This article makes a discussion from two aspects: the ability and the behavior of "question-raising".In China,the related research still lacks the certain breadth and depth,and the thorough research is expected.


This paper intends to explore American cultural values and apply them to teaching English. The informants employed in the survey were 73 American adults of English in two universities in America. Each participant was asked to mark the number in the value list. To compare the current values with those of 30 years ago and to investigate dominant cultural values, I used the framework designed by Sitaram and Cogdell(1976).
The analyzing procedure was made qualitatively focusing on the more important values for Americans. The findings demonstrate that individualism, human rights, punctuality, equality and efficiency were chosen as primary values and additionally, motherhcxxl, patriotism, peace and collective responsibility were changed into primary values from secondary or tertiary ones.
Based on the results, (1) Americans are gradually recognizing the importance of their family and community, (2) the authority and hierarchy from capitalism are becoming more horizontal, (3) the new concept valuing both youth and elderly came out. As a great emphasis is put on a culture education in the 7th national curricula, so I argue the knowledge of cultural values on target language be incorporated into teaching English for Korean learners of English as a foreign language to get more effective communicative competence.


The n-ZnO/n-Si heterojunction are fabricated by depositing ZnO films on n-Si (111) films substrate using magnetron sputtering Al doped ZnO ceramic target. The structures of n-ZnO films, analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, and the preferential orientation of the ZnO grains is observed along the (101) and (100) axis aligning with the growth direction. The photoelectric properties, charge carrier transport properties and conductive mechanism were studied by testing the I-V, C-V characteristics with illumination and without illumination. Current-voltage (I-V) measurements of n-ZnO/n-Si heterojunctions show good diode characteristics and photovoltaic effects with illumination. The forward conduction is respectively determined by carrier recombination in the space charge region, defect-assisted tunneling and exponential distribution trap-assisted space charge limited current mechanism with the increase of forward voltage. Also, a band diagram of n-ZnO/n-Si heterojunctions has been proposed to explain the transport mechanism. As the conduction band and valence band offset in the ZnO/n-Si heterojunction is too big, the current transport mechanism is dominated by the space-charge limited current (SCLC) conduction at the forward voltage exceed 0.8 V. The results suggest the existence of a large number of interface states in ZnO/n-Si heterojunction, and the interface states can be reduced and the photoelectric properties can be further improved. DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/telkomnika.v11i9.3268


The paper analyzes the indexes which can reflect the structural stability in the tunnel's operation period,points out the methods for the structural healthy inspection in the operating period of the tunnel by referring to relative regulations,applies the hierarchical analysis to identify the importance of the indexes based on the structural healthy inspection,establishes the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation models for the structural stability of the tunnel operation period,and adopts the structural healthy inspection methods and the evaluation models in some tunnel of Chongqing and indicates the evaluation can display the tunnel structure is stable.


Honey is known for its health promoting properties, nutritional value and unique taste. Honey is also known as an antimicrobial agent, it strongly inhibits the growth of microorganisms. In present study, we examine and compare the phytochemical and antimicrobial activity of three types of branded honey. In vitro moisture content, total solids, electrical conductivity was observed in all honey samples. To examine antimicrobial activity by honey sample in E. coli and Pseudomonas we used agar well diffusion method and diameter of the inhibition zone was measured.


─ Null steering in radiation pattern of linear antenna array is essential for minimizing degradation in signal-to-noise ratio performance due to undesired interference. High directivity and miniaturization are other key factors for proficient design of antenna arrays. Thus, the development of small sized antenna elements with high directivity is strategic point of interest. Consequently, the four element bowtie patch antenna array has been designed and simulated using IE3D software, and compared with conventional rectangular patch antenna array. Null steering is performed by varying element excitations in isotropic antenna array, rectangular patch antenna array and bowtie patch antenna array with main emphasis on position and depth of nulls to analyze the radiation characteristics of the designed models. The mutual coupling effects at different inter-element spacings are also presented for both the designed arrays. It has been observed that using bowtie patches as the element in the array brings about comparatively more effective null steering, and enhances the performance of the array as compared to the conventional rectangular patches. Index Terms ─ Antenna array, isotropic elements, mutual coupling, non-isotropic elements, null steering, Schelkunoff polynomial method.


Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is utilized to map the hyperfine fields acting on 55Mn nuclei of La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 (LSMO) epitaxial thin films. In contrast to early thoughts, we show that phase separation (PS) in LSMO is not restricted to an interface‐related dead‐layer only a few nm thick. Instead, it propagates much deeper into the films, thus signalling different origins for the PS. These results indicate that both, surfaces and defects contribute to promote distinguishable PS effects. This view has been confirmed by detailed 55Mn NMR analysis of LSMO films where engineered bulk‐like defects have been created by appropriate irradiation by energetic He+ ions. Moreover, from the analysis of the restoring fields sensed by the spins of the 55Mn nuclei, we infer two sources of magnetic anisotropy. More specifically, a surface magnetic anisotropy –linked to the interfacial dead layer– is predominant for ultrathin samples (t < 10 nm), whereas structural film relaxation, provides a second mechanism for anisotropy. These findings provide guidelines for the growth of electric and magnetic homogeneous manganite films.


The article tries to explain the background and major viewpoints of Zhuang Zi in terms of postmodernism. Through the analysis of this typical text, the article tries to prove that though the postmodern spirit (intense negative and nihilism) often appears transiently in human history, it is not limited to one period and one place. In the present-day world, it must be replaced by the New Rationalism.


Projects proposed alternative public transport systems should substantially remove the excessive load on highways, which are currently overtaxed many vehicles. By virtue of the development of alternative public transport-systems can significantly reduce personal vehicles on city streets, helping to improve the situation with traffic on the roads, thereby stabilizing the ecological situation in the city.


Carol Lazzaro-Weiss studies the fiction of twenty-five contemporary Italian women writers. Arguing for a notion of gender and genre, she runs counter to many Anglo-American and French feminist theorists who contend that traditional genres cannot readily serve as vehicles for feminist expression.


Objective To assess the functional results of the intussuscepted ileum as antireflux procedure in orthotopic ileal neobladder. Methods Five patients (4 males and 1 female;mean age,61 years;age range,48-67 years) with invasive transitional cell carcinoma underwent total cystectomy and orthotopic ileal neobladder with antireflux technique using the intussuscepted ileum.The surgical procedures were as follows.Four-cm proximal ileum was intussuscepted into the reservoir constructed from a detubularized,30 cm segment which was isolated from the distal ileum and arranged in a U-shaped configuration.The intussuscepted ileum was sutured to the reservoir wall after stripping the mucosa of the reservoir in a trapezoidal zone opposite to the similarly stripped mucosa of the intussuscepted ileum,to avoid dessusception.After the distal ureters of 6 cm long was incised, united laterally and pulled through the intussuscepted segment of ileum, the combined distal ureter was sutured to the labial edge of intussuscepted segment.Postoperatively, blood biochemistry,B-ultrasound, cystography and urodynamic examinations were conducted periodically. Results During the follow-up for 10 to 33 months,good daytime and nocturnal continence was reported by 100% and 80% of the patients.Voiding times were 3 to 5 during the day and 0 to 3 at night, respectively.Urodynamic studies revealed that the Qmax ranged from 9.5 to 31.5ml/s and the capacity of neobladder ranged from 350 to 710 ml (mean,433 ml).The residual urine was 50 to 305 ml.The maximal voiding pressure was 23 to 52 cm H2O.There was no evidence of bladder outlet obstruction and hydronephrosis in the patients. Voiding cystourethrograms revealed no reflux in them. Conclusions The intussuscepted ileum has an effective antireflux mechanism for an orthotopic ileal neobladder.


The characteristics of the coherence functions of X axial, Y axial, and RZ axial (i.e., body axis) wind forces on the Shanghai World Trade Centre - a 492 m super-tall building with section varying along height are studied via a synchronous multi-pressure measurement of the rigid model in wind tunnel simulating of the turbulent, and the corresponding mathematical expressions are proposed there from. The investigations show that the mathematical expressions of coherence functions in across-wind and torsional-wind directions can be constructed by superimposition of a modified exponential decay function and a peak function caused by turbulent flow and vortex shedding respectively, while that in along-wind direction need only be constructed by the former, similar to that of wind speed. Moreover, an inductive analysis method is proposed to summarize the fitted parameters of the wind force coherence functions of every two measurement levels of altitudes. The comparisons of the first three order generalized force spectra show that the proposed mathematical expressions accord with the experimental results well. Later, the influences of coherence functions on wind-induced dynamic responses are analyzed in detail based on the proposed mathematical expressions and the frequency-domain method of random vibration theory.


The goal of this Article is to apply the lens of visual legal rhetoric and visual literacy to the current visualization movement in Proactive Law and Legal Design in their efforts to promote visual, non-verbal communication in contracts through cartoon, comic book, and highly pictorial legal instruments. The lens will be applied to evaluate and critique five aspects of proactive visual legal instruments:

• Immediate Visual Context,
• Immediate Verbal Context,
• Visual Cultural Context,
• Mise en Scene and Arrangement, and
• Visual Rhetoric, Ethics and Professionalism

This Article will analyze whether highly visual contracts and legal instruments fulfill the potential for greater access to and understanding of contract terms particularly with regard to audiences whose language skills and cultural experience might make the comprehension and acceptance of purely verbal contracts more difficult. Although legal communication in general and contracts in particular have been dominated by text for centuries, the contemporary study of visual communication in cognitive psychology and neuroscience, data visualization and rhetorical topics of arrangement, and contemporary visual legal rhetoric demands attention to the proactive approach to law and its call for increased visualization in legal communication. When visuals can overcome barriers in communication that words alone cannot, contracts and other legal instruments can be made more universal in their application, interpretation, performance, and enforcement.


Steel cord (132) configured to reinforce the breaker or belt plies in a rubber tire comprises the core group and external group. The core group has a first diameter (d The first diameter (d Two core steel filament 102 is twisted or has a twisting step of more than 300 mm. A cord twisting step external group along the cord twisting direction is twisted around the core group. The ratio of the saturation level difference between the core group and the differences for the group of external residual strain of the core group and the outer group of 0.10 to 0.65, preferably 0.10 to 0.60 range. Steel cord 132 does not happen, and may be a reduction in plastic deformation yet still obtain a steel cord (132) there is no flaring steel filaments (102, 116). The method of manufacturing a twist device 100 and the steel cord 132, which comprises a set of group 106, are also disclosed.


Summarized the methods used in detection of organophosphorus pesticide, mainly includes:chromatogram,spectrum,enzyme immunity,immunology ,biosensor and so on,analyzed and evaluated the effects of each method. Introduced simultantly the advance of the detection methods briefly.


D i s s e r t a t i o n zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades d o c t o r r e r u m n a t u r a l i u m Summary and Future Prospects 94 Zusammenfassung und Ausblick 97 A A Reciprocity Theorem 100 B Frequency Response of the Probe System 102 C Atomic Configurations and Related Properties 106 Bibliography 107 Acknowledgements 115


Abstract This paper presents five industrial cases where design automation (DA) systems supported by design optimization has been developed, and aims to summarize the lesson learned and identify needs for future development of such projects. By mapping the challenges during development and deployment of the systems, common issues were found in technical areas such as model integration and organizational areas such as knowledge transfer. The latter can be seen as a two-layered design paradox; one for the product that the DA system is developed for, and one for the development of the DA system.


According to the World Health Organization data, millions of young people under the age of 18 die each year from injuries and the consequences of injuries. In developed countries, the mortality rate from child injury is considerably lower, but injuries are still the main cause of death, accounting for about 40% of total child mortality. As a consequence of the injury, disability, increased costs of treatment and rehabilitation, lost productivity and learning motivation arise. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of injury in younger school children and to investigate the risk factors of these injuries. This cross-sectional study was conducted in April and May 2017. The study subjects were parents and guardians of children who were pupils of the first four grades of elementary school. The specially designed questionnaire that contained questions about sociodemographic characteristics and epidemiology of injury was used as a research tool. There was a total of 379 study subjects, of whom 289 (76.3%) were women. The average age of all study subjects was 39 (26-60) years. There were 316 (83.6%) employed, 58 (15.3%) unemployed, and 5 (1.3%) retired subjects. In the city lived 222 (58.6%) study subjects, in suburban settlement 83 (21.9%) and in village 74 (19.5%). There was statistically significant connection between the number of family members and the frequency of injuries (p=0.029) and the number of children in the family and the frequency of injuries (p=0.041). Injuries in younger school children were frequent in the observed population. Defining risk factors has a major role in preventing child injury.


This study attempted to identify the different types of risk embedded in the sukuk structure of Bahrain, UAE and Malaysia. Data were collected from selected countries of the sukuk market from 2005 to 2015 on a periodic monthly basis and analyzed using descriptive, correlation analysis and multi-regressions analysis. The analysis of Nasdaq Dubai sukuk return on a country basis, which are actively involving in sukuk market revealed that three regression models explain 73% to 88% of variation of risk impact on returns. United Arab Emirate sukuk return is 85% exposed to risk, the Bahrain sukuk return is 88% exposed to risk and Malaysia sukuk return is 73% exposed to risk. Analysis of risk impact on the basis of selected country indicate that, Bahrain sukuk market is highly exposed to risk than the other countries sukuk market. UAE is secondly exposed to risk, among other countries. But the risk impact is minimal in Malaysian sukuk market. The findings suggest to maintain inflation rate risk at an optimal level, interest rate should be formulated especially for Islamic finance industry, form a risk- steering committee to monitor and mitigate risk, formulate a common Shari'ah board at the international level, and take necessary measures to provide a conducive environment to promote secondary markets for sukuk. This study has several important implications for the management and policy making level. Keyword: Inflation, interest, liquidity, performance, return, risk, sukuk.


We investigate inner structure of Schwarzschild black hole on a five-dimensional spacetime S^3xR^2. To do this, we exploit a funfbein scheme. In particular, we construct an equation of state of hydrostatic equilibrium for the five-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole, which is a five-dimensional version of the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation on four-dimensional manifold. We also investigate uniform density interior configuration of the five-dimensional black hole which consists of incompressible fluid of density, to find a general relativistic expression for pressure.


The central iron ions in (pheophytin a)iron(III) chloride and (pheophytin b)iron(III) chloride are autoreduced in the presence of pyridine or its derivatives with electron-withdrawing substituents. The Mössbauer parameters of the bis-pyridine and bispyridine derivative adducts prepared by this reduction indicate that : (i) the σ-donation from the axial ligands is predominant in the axial-bonding, (ii) the π-back donation to the axial ligands enhances synergetically the σ-donation to the iron(II) ion, and (iii) the electronic state of the iron ions in (pheophytin b)iron(II) complexes is less sensitive to the variation of the axial ligands than that in (pheophytin a)iron(II) complexes. The mechanism of the autoreduction is desribed in relation to the electron-donor and -acceptor properties of the axial ligands.