It is time for Critical Legal Studies as a critical thought to be used to criticize the application of law in Indonesia. This criticism is very useful to build Indonesia which is in a transitional period as it is today from the forces that try to dominate both from our own country and abroad (international capitalist powers) and this is very dangerous. The criticality of Critical Legal Studies which is behind the emergence of a reform of the social reality and legal system that already exists in Indonesia, and its commitment to develop it as a legal theory and give birth to an innovation in the Indonesian judicial system with the application of Restorative Justice in state law enforcement institutions.Thoughts in modern science which have been in the corridor of modernist-positivistic hegemony with empirical, objectivist, and rational doctrines have begun to be challenged by transcendentalists. Transcendental thinking is seen more in religious, spiritual, ethical, and moral values.Restorative justice is an approach that aims to build a judicial system that is sensitive to legalissues, restorative justice is a form of criticism of the criminal justice system in Indonesia today which tends to lead to retributive goals, namely emphasizing justice in retaliation. Restorative justice is one of the spiritual intelligences (Spiritual quotient) for humans according to transcendental law because it is able to build new perspectives and horizons in the life of the criminal justice system in Indonesia that revenge is not the only final goal to achieve justice, that there is a role for victims to participate in determining thought process. Restorative Justice is a human spiritual intelligence capable of building humans to be more creative and able to overcome essential problems.Keywords: Transcendental Principles, Restorative Justice, Critical Legal Theory Studies


This paper proposed an electronic cash scheme based on the NTRUSign signature algorithm,and analyzed the security characters of this scheme.It shows that the scheme owns some essential character that an electronic cash system should have,and has the advantage of high implementation speed,saves computer resources and easy key creation.This scheme is applicable and secure.


The purpose of this research is to know the description of production costs, marketing costs and profit of the company as well as the influence of the image of the production costs, marketing costs against earnings the company PT PP London Sumatra Indonesia Tbk, which is listed on the stock The Effect Of Indonesia. The research was conducted using a descriptive analysis of the qualitative and Quantitative Descriptive Analysis. This research was conducted based on secondary data from the consolidated statements of comprehensive income statement PT PP London Sumatra Indonesia Tbk obtained from Indonesia stock exchange.Research results can be concluded that, the image production costs and marketing costs tend to rise while the company's earnings are likely to decline. Linear regression results the production costs and marketing costs are insignificant negative effect against the profits of the company at PT PP London Sumatra Indonesia Tbk. correlation coefficient test results and the determination of the production costs and marketing costs with profit the company has a very strong relationship and production costs and marketing costs affect the profit of 67.1% the rest is explained by other factors not included in the regression model. Test results showed that the hypothesis H0 is accepted which means production costs and marketing costs take effect is not significantly to profit either simultaneously or partial.Advice that can be given is the company should use the full costing method to determine the value of the production cost, charge transport and rent to the buyer to lower marketing costs and profit responsibility for controlling production costs and marketing costs. Keyword: Production Costs, Marketing Costs and Profits of the Company


Anisotropic wet etching of vicinal monocrystalline Si (111)4o wafers was used to obtain blazed gratings that are highly efficient in the soft X-ray (SXR) and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) applications. An improved experimental technology for the fabrication of triangular-grooved Si gratings, both medium-frequency (250 and 500 mm-1) and high-frequency (2500 mm-1) ones, is presented. The stages of forming a Cr-mask for grooves etching, removing Si nubs in order to smooth the profile, and polishing the surface to reduce nanoroughness have been optimized. This paper describes the way of simultaneously (in one process) obtaining a smoothed triangular profile of the Si grating and a polished surface of facets by wet etching. Keywords: diffraction grating, Si wet etching, triangular groove profile, AFM, SEM.


The author has identified the following significant results. The office for Remote Sensing of Earth Resources (ORSER) of the Space Science and Engineering Laboratory at the Pennsylvania State University has developed an extensive operational system for processing and analyzing ERTS-1 and similar multispectral data. The ORSER system was developed for use by a wide variety of researchers working in remote sensing. Both photointerpretive techniques and automatic computer processing methods have been developed and used, separately and in a combined approach. A remote Job Entry system permits use of an IBM 370/168 computer from any compatible remote terminal, including equipment tied in by long distance telephone connections. An elementary cost analysis has been prepared for the processing of ERTS data.


The origin of small mixing among the quarks and a large mixing among the neutrinos has been an open question in particle physics. In order to answer this question, we postulate general relations among the quarks and the leptonic mixing angles at a high scale, which could be the scale of Grand Unified Theories. The central idea of these relations is that the quark and the leptonic mixing angles can be unified at some high scale either due to some quark-lepton symmetry or some other underlying mechanism and as a consequence, the mixing angles of the leptonic sector are proportional to that of the quark sector. We investigate the phenomenology of the possible relations where the leptonic mixing angles are proportional to the quark mixing angles at the unification scale by taking into account the latest experimental constraints from the neutrino sector. These relations are able to explain the pattern of leptonic mixing at the low scale and thereby hint that these relations could be possible signatures of a quark-lepton symmetry or some other underlying quark-lepton mixing unification mechanism at some high scale linked to Grand Unified Theories.


Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects more than 20 million Americans, and over 500 000 have end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (1–2). The most common causes of CKD are diabetes and hypertension. CKD is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, cognitive dysfunction, hospitalization, and all-cause mortality. In older CKD patients, the risk for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality is often higher than the risk for progression to ESRD and depends on the level of kidney function, proteinuria, and age (3–5). Other complications of CKD include metabolic abnormalities, such as anemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism, and electrolyte disturbances. The main goals of treatment include slowing the decline in kidney function, preventing cardiovascular disease, treating complications, and facilitating transition to renal replacement therapy when indicated. Management of these challenging patients is best accomplished through collaboration between primary care providers and nephrologists. Screening and Prevention Which patients are at increased risk for CKD? The two most common causes of CKD in the United States are diabetes and hypertension (2). Table 1 shows other risk factors for CKD (6–7). Table 1. Risk Factors for Chronic Kidney Disease Should clinicians screen patients for CKD? Universal screening for CKD in adults is not recommended. In fact, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends against screening in asymptomatic individuals (8). However, individuals at increased risk for CKD should be screened, such as those older than 55 years and those with hypertension and diabetes (9). How should patients be screened for CKD? Screening should test for markers of kidney damage and estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (10). Therefore, it should include a serum creatinine measurement to estimate GFR, urinalysis to evaluate for leukocytes and red blood cells, and measurement of urine protein using either standard or albumin-specific dipsticks (6). Individuals who test positive for albumin or protein should have protein measured to calculate a protein-to-creatinine or albumin-to-creatinine ratio (Table 2) (6). Patients with type 2 diabetes should be screened for albuminuria in a spot urine sample at the time of diagnosis and then annually using >30 mg/g creatinine as the indicator for a positive test result (11). Table 2. Categories for Urine Albumin- and Protein-to-Creatinine Ratio* Are preventive measures useful for patients at increased risk for CKD? In patients with diabetes, good glycemic control reduces the risk for CKD, and hyperglycemia is associated with development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic patients should use dietary interventions, oral hypoglycemic medications, and insulin as needed to maintain a hemoglobin (Hb) A1c level of about 7% (12–14). A total of 1375 participants from the DCCT (Diabetes Control and Complications Trial) was followed as part of the EDIC (Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications) observational study. Over 22 years of follow-up, intensive diabetes therapy reduced the incidence of an estimated GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 by 50% (95% CI, 18–69) (15). In the U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study, 3867 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to conventional treatment with a goal fasting plasma glucose level <270 mg/dL (15 mmol/L) or intensive treatment with a goal fasting plasma glucose level <108 mg/dL (6 mmol/L). The mean HbA1c level was 7.9% in the conventional-treatment group and 7.0% in the intensive-treatment group. Microalbuminuria developed in 27% of patients in the intensive-treatment group compared with 39% of patients in the conventional-treatment group (P = 0.033) (16). Hypertension is the second most common cause of CKD in the United States and hastens decline in renal function regardless of the primary cause. Most patients with hypertension should maintain blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg by using lifestyle modification and antihypertensive drug therapy (17). However, although treating hypertension reduces the risk for cardiovascular events, reducing blood pressure does not reduce the risk for CKD. Clinical Bottom Line: Screening and Prevention Patients older than 55 years and those with hypertension and diabetes should be screened for CKD by estimating GFR from serum creatinine measurement and urinalysis. Screening for proteinuria in patients with diabetes can be done by using the urine albumin- or protein-to-creatinine ratio. Maintaining strict glycemic control to prevent CKD in patients with diabetes is essential. Diagnosis What is the definition of CKD? The 2012 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) and the National Kidney Foundation (NKF) Kidney Disease Outcomes and Quality Initiative (K/DOQI) guidelines define CKD as kidney damage or a GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for more than 3 months (6, 12). The guidelines define kidney damage as either functional abnormalities of the kidneys (such as proteinuria or albuminuria, or abnormalities of the urinary sediment, such as dysmorphic red cells) or structural abnormalities as noted on imaging studies (6, 12). If the KDIGO definition is applied to data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, more than 20 million U.S. adults have CKD (1). From 1999 to 2009, the prevalence of this disorder increased by 20%–25% according to estimates from the U.S. Renal Data System (18). How should clinicians estimate GFR and the stage of CKD? The most common method for estimating GFR is the simplified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation (see the Box) (19). A newer formula is the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation (see the Box). This equation more precisely estimates GFR and more accurately categorizes risk for mortality and ESRD (20–21). Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation GFR in mL/min/1.73 m2 = 186.3 × (serum creatinine in mg/dL)−1.154 × age−0.203 × (1.210 if black) × (0.742 if female) Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation GFR = 141 × min(Scr/κ,1)α × max(Scr/κ,1)−1.209 × 0.993Age × (1.018 if female) × (1.159 if black) Scr is serum creatinine, κ is 0.7 for females and 0.9 for males, α is −0.329 for females and −0.411 for males, min indicates the minimum of Scr/κ or 1, and max indicates the maximum of Scr/κ or 1. Estimating GFR allows a more accurate measure of renal function than serum creatinine alone, particularly in older patients (22). Clinicians should then classify the stage of CKD according to the patient's estimated GFR and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio as shown in the Figure (12). Figure. Stage of chronic kidney disease by GFR and albuminuria categories. GFR and albuminuria categories inform the risk for progression. Green indicates low risk, yellow indicates moderately increased risk, orange indicates high risk, and red indicates very high risk. The numbers in each box are recommendations for the frequency of monitoring/year. GFR = glomerular filtration rate. From reference 12, with permission. What clinical manifestations should clinicians look for when evaluating patients who may have CKD? Mild-to-moderate CKD (estimated GFR >30 mL/min/1.73 m2) is usually an asymptomatic disorder with no physical findings specific to decreased kidney function. However, a careful history and physical examination can reveal the cause of CKD, and the examination should focus on findings associated with diabetes and hypertension because they are by far the most common causes of CKD. Patients with long-standing, poorly controlled diabetes who have other diabetic complications, such as retinopathy and peripheral neuropathy, are likely to have diabetic nephropathy, especially if they have proteinuria. Similarly, patients with long-standing hypertension with hypertensive retinopathy and a family history of hypertension and CKD are likely to have hypertensive nephrosclerosis, especially if urinalysis reveals minimal proteinuria and no hematuria (23). It is worth noting that the presence of hypertension or diabetes does not rule out another cause of CKD, particularly since hypertension is a consequence of CKD. In addition, distinguishing between hypertensive and diabetic nephropathy is frequently difficult. However, a biopsy is usually not recommended because distinguishing between diabetes and hypertension as the underlying cause of CKD does not change management. If hypertension and diabetes are not present, a careful history and physical examination may reveal other causes of CKD; for example, a history of heart failure or cirrhosis suggests decreased renal perfusion from decreased effective intravascular volume as well as renal injury from inflammation and activation of the sympathetic and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems (24–25). Infection with hepatitis B or C virus or HIV may cause CKD and proteinuria, so clinicians should ask all patients about intravenous drug use and high-risk sexual behavior. A family history of kidney disease may be a clue to the diagnosis of polycystic kidney disease, the Alport syndrome (glomerulonephritis, ESRD, and hearing loss), or medullary cystic kidney disease. Urinary frequency, hesitancy, incontinence, nocturia, dysuria, or hematuria may reflect underlying urinary tract disease, such as obstruction or infection (26–27). A rash, arthritis, mononeuropathy, or systemic symptoms suggests vasculitis or lupus. Clinicians should ask about recent diarrhea, bleeding, and dehydration because volume loss may decrease renal perfusion and cause acute kidney injury, which predisposes to CKD (28). Finally, a thorough medication history of prescription and over-the-counter drugs may reveal a medication that can cause CKD or require dose-adjustment because of loss of kidney function. Physical examination should include measuring blood pressure and checking for orthostasis in patients with recent fluid loss. The patient should also be evaluated for rashes an


Objective To study the influencing factors for the axial bearing capacity and the compressive strength of two-piece can. Methods Through the method of finite element buckling analysis, the influence of the thickness of relevant part on the above two properties was analyzed firstly and the relationship between the two properties and base radius, base height and cylinder height of the two-piece can was also analyzed. Results The thicker the cylinder wall, the stronger the axial bearing capacity. Base thickness did not influence the axial bearing capacity in theory, but the compressive strength became stronger with the increasing base thickness. Axial bearing capacity increased with the increasing base diameter within a certain range, but was not influenced beyond that range, the compressive strength became smaller with the increasing base diameter when the base height was unchanged. Compressive strength became stronger with the increasing base height, but the base height did not influence the axial bearing capacity. The height of cylinder wall did not influence both the axial bearing capacity and the compressive strength. Conclusion Material thickness and structure both influenced the axial bearing capacity and the compressive strength, light-weight design could be realized through the optimization of structure.


Model plate load tests of rigid rectangular footings of different aspect ratios resting on sand overlying soft soil with or without a layer of geogrid at the interface are presented. The width (B) ...


This study inventories the urban activities of institutions of higher education in the Winston-Salem area and reports a significant series of social and economic indicators for nine urbanized areas in North Carolina. Part I consists of a series of excerpts from a collection of nine documents and reports concerned _with development policy, planning in general, and planning for higher education in North Carolina. In Part II, attention is focused on the urban activities of five institutions of higher education apd one consortium in Winston-Salem. Consideration is given only to those organizational units whose primary focus is on the interface between the institution and the city. Related document is HE 004 887.


Polyethylene Terephthalate is a synthetic material referred as PET Strapping, which means process of bundling with help of various straps and strapping tools. PET strap is a strong material used for packaging of various goods. PET strap are high resistivity against temperature and high tensile strength. It is most commonly used in all industries for packaging and bundling. In this experimental work an attempt was made to utilize PET strap in concrete in the form of fibres to pro1 International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Volume 120 No. 6 2018, 6799-6819 ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/ Special Issue http://www.acadpubl.eu/hub/


An analysis of a small but diagnostic fauna from the Eocene sediments of the Washakie Basin, Wyoming, is presented. The suggestion is made that the fauna may be placed, in time, between the Lost Cabin zone, as represented in the Wind River Basin, and the fauna present in the Black's Fork zone of the Bridger Basin. A new species of Eocene anaptomorphid primate is described and the systematic position of Hyrachyus cf. H. modestus is discussed.


Action and activity recognition are intuitive but extremely difficult tasks, which lie at the root of a panoply of scenarios of human machine interaction, ranging from gaming, mobile computing and video retrieval to health monitoring, surveillance, robotics and biometrics. The problem is made challenging by the inherent variability of motions carrying the same meaning, which in turns causes over-fitting issues due to the forcibly limited size of any available training set, but also by the presence of numerous nuisance factors such as locality, viewpoint, illumination, occlusions, and many more. While recent bag-of-features-like approaches have focused mainly on classifying histograms of features extracted from spatio-temporal volumes (completely ignoring, in this way, the causal structure of motions to recognize), dynamics can provide invaluable information in order to successfully locate and recognize actions and complex activities in a robust and reliable way. Traditional generative dynamical models, however, have proved unable to cope effectively enough with some of these difficulties. We propose here to design and test novel frameworks for the integration of action dynamics in both generative and discriminative models, with the aim of stimulating a breakthrough in activity recognition, with enormous exploitation potential in the manifold scenarios indicated above. Novel classes of generative graphical models based on the principle of allowing the probabilities defining the model to vary within whole convex sets rather than assuming sharp, precise values are formulated in order to address the issue of overfitting due to the limited size of the training sets. New manifold learning techniques are applied to generative graphical models in order to tackle the presence of numerous nuisance factors. Finally, a new class of discriminative, part-based models originally developed for object recognition are generalized to action localization and recognition as a fundamental way of coping with complex activities formed by series of simple actions, and addressing the issues of locality and presence of multiple actors.


IntroductionA quarter of a century has passed since the publication of a working paper by Teece, Pisano, and Shuen (1997) on the theory of dynamic capabilities, which led to a string of subsequent research.1 However, their argument was extremely confusing, with no information on the essence of dynamic capabilities. 2 In these circumstances, discussion of this topic based on the study by Helfat and Winter (2011) regenerates one idea regarding the nature of dynamic capabilities. We first review the concept of dynamic capabilities as presented in the study by Teece et al. (1997), the pioneering work. We note the source of confusion. Furthermore, we summarize the concept of corporate capability based on the study by Helfat and Winter (2011). Further, we highlight the meaning of dynamic capabilities from the examples given therein, suggesting the possibility that dynamic capabilities are similar to the competencies of "start-up experts" that Takahashi (2015) discovered from Penrose (1959).Origin of Dynamic Capabilities TheoryAccording to Thomson Scientific Essential Science Indicators, the study by Teece et al. (1997) was most frequently cited in economics and management papers between 1995 and 2005 (Fukuzawa, 2013). This indicates that their study is therefore extremely influential and can be considered to be the foundation for the development of dynamic capabilities theory. Teece et al. (1997) defined dynamic capabilities as follows.Dynamic capabilities: We define dynamic capabilities as the firm's ability to integrate, build, and reconfigure internal and external competences to address rapidly changing environments. Dynamic capabilities thus reflect an organization's ability to achieve new and innovative forms of competitive advantage, given path dependencies and market positions (Teece et al., 1997, p. 516).However, subsequent studies have shown no unified interpretation regarding dynamic capabilities. This is due to the vague explanation provided by Teece et al. (1997). Using the above definition of dynamic capabilities, they explained that dynamic capabilities comprise three elements: organizational and managerial processes, positions, and paths. Organizational and managerial processes (shortened hereinafter to "processes") refer to firms' internal routines that indicate the manner in which things are processed and denote current customs and learning patterns. The term "positions" refers to particular assets held at the current point in time, such as technologies, intellectual property, complementary assets, a customer base, and external relationships with partners and suppliers. The term "paths" refers to strategic alternatives adopted by a firm as well as any increasing returns and attendant path dependencies. Processes comprise both positions and paths (Teece et al., 1997, p. 518).Moreover, "the essence of a firm's competence and dynamic capabilities is......resident in the firm's organizational processes" (Teece et al., 1997, p. 524). These processes have three roles: (a) coordination and integration, (b) learning, and (c) reconfiguration and transformation. Coordination and integration are described as static concepts, learning is a dynamic concept, and reconfiguration and transformation are transformational concepts (Teece et al., 1997, p. 518). Thus, the source of confusion in dynamic capabilities theory is the inclusion of static concepts, such as coordination and integration.Furthermore, with regard to (a) coordination and integration, Teece et al. (1997) cite the studies by Clark and Fujimoto (1991) and Womack, Jones, and Roos (1991) when giving examples of routines for coordination, lean production systems, and relationships with strategic alliances and suppliers. With regard to (b) learning, they describe it as a process whereby tasks can be done better and faster through repetition and testing. With regard to (c), reconfiguration and transformation, however, they provide no examples and, without providing any specifics, only say that these are "competencies of reconfiguration and accomplish. …


Multicarrier code division multiple access (MC–CDMA) is a promising wireless communication technology with high spectral efficiency and system performance. However, all multiple access techniques including MC–CDMA were most likely to have multiple access interference (MAI). So this paper mainly aims at designing a suitable receiver for MC–CDMA system to mitigate such MAI. The classical receivers like maximal ratio combining, minimum mean square error, and iterative block–decision feedback equalization fail to cancel MAI when the MC–CDMA is subjected to severe nonlinear distortions, which may occur due to saturated power amplifiers or arbitrary channel conditions. Being highly nonlinear structures, the neural network receivers such as multilayer perceptron and recurrent neural network could be better alternative for such a case. The feasibility, efficiency, and effectiveness of the proposed neural network receiver are studied thoroughly for MC–CDMA system under different nonlinear conditions.


A new adaptive unscented Kalman filter(UKF) algorithm is set up.In order to overcome the shortcomings of UKF,such as obvious influences from the values of initial parameters,the uncertainness of systemic noises and the influences of vehicle disturbances in movements,the adaptive estimation principle is applied for UKF.It is shown,by comparison and analysis that the UKF algorithm is better than extended Kalman filter(EKF) and the adaptive EKF is superior to UKF,and the adaptive UKF is superior to all algorithms in the application of GPS/INS integrated navigation systems.


ABSTRACT Lake Herman is a nitrogen limited, hypereutrophic, shallow (mean depth 1.7m), warm water lake located in Lake County, S.D. The lake has experienced extensive blue-green algal blooms, fish winterkills, and receives a high sediment load. Algal and macrophyte growth has diminished the open water surface area. The predominant land use is agriculture with permanent homes, small businesses, and public recreation areas surrounding the lake's shoreline. On January 13, 1978, Lake Herman and its associated watershed were selected to participate in the U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sponsored Model Implementation Program. The primary objective of the project was to improve the water quality of Lake Herman by reducing phosphorus, nitrogen, and sediment loads through voluntary application of Best Management Practices (BMP's) and construction of sediment control structures. Approximately 5 years of water quality data from the lake, the tributaries, the outlet, and above...


Despite the increasingly important role of stretchable electronics for use as the human–machine interface, their manufacturing in a commercially realistic manner remains an unresolved challenge. The bottleneck lies in the efficiency and scalability of transfer printing that is typically employed in the fabrication process to enable device stretchability via strain isolation. Here, the use of a polymer substrate with programmable rigidity for direct manufacturing of stretchable electronics is reported, forgoing the need for transfer printing while significantly enhancing strain isolation. The process starts with a stretchable elastomeric substrate synthesized via the thiol‐acrylate click chemistry. Designable rigid islands can be introduced via spatially confined oxidation of the elastomer. Strain‐sensitive microdevices can then be directly fabricated onto the rigid islands without transfer printing. Following this manufacturing scheme, a fast‐responding stretchable temperature sensor is demonstrated, with unusual accuracy and real‐time temperature monitoring capability suitable for use in a highly dynamic environment. Importantly, the critical fabrication step that introduces the programmable substrate rigidity is fully integrated into a well‐established lithographic process. Therefore, the methodology not only reduces greatly the complexity in fabricating prototype devices but also points to a highly effective way for potential manufacturing in a commercial setting.


Recent scientific findings proved that silicon feeding will provide benefits to plant growth and yield depending on the source of Si, the mode of application , the concentration used, the plant species , the mode of action and the biotic or abiotic factor involved. To better understand the intrinsic properties of Si , this work was conducted using a series of diatomite (diatomaceous earth)at rates of 0,2.5, 5 and 10 g/kg soil, to look into the most subtle changes in the growth , yield, metabolism, electropharetic protein and isozyme pattern of faba bean ( Vicia faba) plant. Indeed, diatomite-treated plants displayed an over all better morphological increments expressed as shoot and root length , number of leaves and pods/ plant, fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots and physiological activity expressed as chlorophyll a,b and total pigments , total soluble sugars (TSS) and total sugars (TS), photosynthetic rate, leaf stomatal conductance, % of leaf relative humidity ( %LRH), net intercellular carbon dioxide (∆CO2), total nitrogen (TN) and total soluble nitrogen (TSN) and the concentrations of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium(Ca) and magnesium (Mg) than non-treated faba bean plants . Furthermore, diatomites (86-89 % SiO2) induced and restored ten electrophoretic protein bands which confirmed their significance as an algal manure in accelarating the gene functions to perform, in an elevated rate, new silence genes to operate thus expressing new protein profiles. Soil fertilization by diatomites induced four esterase ( EST), three peroxidase (POD), two catalase (CAT) and three acid phosphatase (ACP) isozyme polymorphic bands which were absent in the control plants .The intensity and density of these bands were significantly increased in response to diatomite treatment. The impact of diatomite is time-dependent as it became more effective while the experiment continued and increased in a dose-related manner . Reversibly, diatomites application showed negative response in the transpiration rate and the values of both carotenoids, sodium and iron. This study highlighted the fact that diatomites are important component of the production system and should not be ignored when attempting to attribute causes for below optimum production


In this work was studied the phenology of zapote mamey [Pouteria sapota (Jacq.) H.E. Moore & Stearn] in Alpoyeca, Gro. Mamey's phenological events are not ch...


Abstract Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) is the key source of financial aid to many poor, female-headed families in the United States. Political trends have led to numerous attacks on this system, creating an image of AFDC as overly generous, and the families who depend on it as "lazy" and "irresponsible." Policy makers have deliberately attempted to lower the "comfort level" of AFDC recipients. The result is a system that actually exacerbates conditions associated with the cycle of poverty. Detailed ethnographic research on 24 AFDC recipients shows that the system (1) is experienced as "threatening" by families who must rely on it to survive; (2) elicits feelings of stress, pressure, worry and helplessness; (3) discourages recipients from working; and (4) disempowers women.


MCAD,a CAD software based on two scalar potential methods and finiteelement method is used for accelerator magnet design.The program consists ofthree parts:pre-data processor,data processor and post-data processor.Pre-dataprocessor encloses mesh automatic generation and mesh display.Data processor isbased on Newton-Raphson iteration which speeds convergence in non-linear case.Field display is available after post-data processor.Beam trace and phase shiftcould be computed also in this stage.Some examples are given in the paper.


Online monitoring of Lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery internal temperature by electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS) is important for the system safe and reliable operation. However, it is challenging in the high temperature region due to the limited thermal sensitivity. Moreover, additional signal injection or disturbance for online EIS measurement may interact with the operating system. To address these challenges, a Li-ion battery internal temperature continuous monitoring method using the self-excited ultrahigh frequency (UHF) PWM switching oscillations (e.g., several hundred kHz) is proposed in this article. First, the UHF EIS characteristics of a Li-ion battery are explored to find a novel thermal sensitive electric parameter applicable for high temperature measurement. Then, an PWM switching oscillation based online battery temperature monitoring scheme is presented, including the UHF oscillation sensor, resonance impedance extraction algorithm, and battery internal temperature estimation procedure. Finally, experimental work was carried out, and the results demonstrate an excellent performance, such as high sensitivity over 90 °C, ms-level fast response, and noncontract continuous monitoring.


The losses from the delay on the development of the language have a significant impact on the social relationships established on adulthood, from the romantic aspect to the work one. In many contexts of the adult life, a person with speech impairments can come across barriers. The objective of this study was to review the Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) impact on speech impaired Brazilian adults' sexuality, social and work relations impairments. For that, we performed a bibliographic research that filtered scientific papers on CAPES' Journal Portal, Redalyc's Information System, and SciELO. Overall, we found 134 papers, from which seven corresponded to the inclusion criteria. The results showed that the (A) autonomy and quality of life (n =4), (B) the social and work-related relationships (n=3), (C) and sexuality (n =1) are contexts in which the adult with speech impairment faces challenges and barriers -one paper was in both categories A and B. The AAC is a way to facilitate the day-to-day of this adult and, more, to favor his independence and increase the quality of life.


Although Japan is generally hesitant to adopt aggressive positions in Asia's political affairs, especially in those activities involving the use of force, it has taken a leading role in eradicating maritime piracy. Japanese proposals envisioning active multinational cooperation met with little enthusiasm among the Southeast Asian states, but less ambitious bilateral approaches have enjoyed relative success. This article discusses the causes of the Japanese anti-piracy initiatives and the Singaporean, Indonesian, and Malaysian responses. The Japanese motivations include comprehensive security concerns, the perception of Japan as a piracy victim, and a range of institutional interests. Singapore, possessing interests closely aligned with those of Japan, has been most receptive. Indonesia has been the least receptive because it places low priority on fighting piracy and sees cooperation as relatively costly. Malaysia has engaged in moderate cooperation, but as the value it places on cooperation increases, Malaysia is becoming more favourable towards Japanese proposals.


This paper describes the real time wireless communications and positioning technology that applied the electronic Rover-based system developed in this paper, and actual onsite measurement results are presented. This paper also calculated the velocity-field that can express the velocity distribution of rivers through a post-processing process using the measured results. The developed system enables five electronic Rovers to be operated in one frequency band, respectively, by dividing the frequency band into three bands, and therefore, the velocity can be measured by using 15 electronic Rovers. The electronic Rover system can measure actual flow paths using the latest GPS technology, through which the system is judged to contribute to the improvement of hydrometric accuracy. The electronic Rover system can calculate accurate flow velocity by applying various real time wireless communications technologies, in addition to GPS-based positioning technology. Because the system can carry out measurement and analysis with little manpower, regardless of site conditions, hydrometric efficiency is expected to be enhanced when floods occur.


Evapotranspiration (ET), a complex dynamic, nonlinear phenomenon, is composed of evaporation and transpiration. Numerous models for estimation of ET exist but none has performed equally well over all regions of the world. Besides, complex calculations, local calibrations and adjustments of parameters in some popular models render them unfit for field applications from non-expert users' point-of-view. This paper introduces, for the first time, a fully automated user-friendly procedure, requiring as input only climate data of the location. The procedure identifies the most dominant variables which influence ET for the location, recommends application of Artificial Neural Network (ANN)/Ridge Regression (RR), whichever is judged appropriate on a set of developed rules. It eliminates the need of several trials required in the ANN applications for choosing the best subset of variables. The procedure, tested on climate data of several regions of the world, is found to be worthy of applications in field.


A Comment on Impact of Occupation and Family Burden on Psychological Adjustment in Returning Migrants. Glob Clin Transl Res, 2020. DOI:10.36316/gcatr.02.0027


A friable (or smooth) integer is an integer without large prime factors. More precisely, let P(n), P−(n) denote respectively the largest and the smallest prime factor of an integer n.1 For y 2, an integer n is said to be y-friable if P(n) y and ysifted if P−(n) > y. The term 'friable' reflects the possibility of splitting these integers into small divisors – the small prime factors. When the friable parameter y is very small, these integers can be represented as products of divisors with good size control. This flexibility in the factoring of friable integers is at the origin of several recent breakthroughs in analytic number theory. Another fundamental observation is that every integer n has a unique decomposition of the form n = ab where a is y-friable and b is y-sifted. The structure of the sifted part b resembles that of a prime number while the friable part a is supposed to behave more like a standard integer. This simple idea is often an efficient starting point in the study of sums appearing in analytic number theory problems, as described, for example, in Section 5.1. Research on friable integers really started less than a hundred years ago. Since the 1980s, the theory has been actively developing not only for its own interest, but also for the multiple applications available. Let S (x, y) denote the set of the y-friable integers not exceeding x and let Ψ(x, y) be its cardinality. In the first part of this survey, we provide an account of the various methods developed for estimating Ψ(x, y) according to the relative sizes of x and y and we briefly describe some results related to multiplicative properties of friable integers. Next we depict the role of friable integers in certain factoring algorithms. In the last part, we present various number theoretic-problems for which friable integers led to significant advances. This presentation is far from exhaustive. Our aim is mainly to provide an overview of the role of friable integers in different areas from number theory. One will find more complete presentations in the impressive survey papers of Hildebrand and Tenenbaum [13], Granville [11], Pomerance [17]. We furthermore recommend the book by Crandall and Pomerance [5] and those by Tenenbaum [18,19] which are unavoidable references respectively in algorithmic and analytic number theory. Throughout this text the letter p with or without subscript denotes a prime number and (a, b) is the g.c.d. of the integers a and b. To simplify notation, we write lnk(t) the kth iterated Napierian logarithm of the positive real number t, so that, in particular, for k = 2, ln2 t = ln ln t.


A model to forecast the underground temperature in a mine ventilation circuit was developed on the basis of a case study and actual data describing temperature, airflow, and drift length collected over several years. A mathematical model featuring seven variables with interactions provided reliable predicted temperatures, achieving a correlation of R2 = 0.933 with an estimation error of ±2 °C. Its soundness was proven using both the node-to-node analysis and the multi-node approach. The multi-node approach was shown to be an interesting option to model underground mining environments. This model can be very useful to predict the temperature evolution along the main ventilation system, determine the best workplace conditions in terms of temperature, and analyze different planning scenarios of the mine. Moreover, some recommendations are presented for obtaining reliable data when using temperature sensors and the model in a U-shaped ventilation system.


: Thermal performance of Flat Plate Solar Collector (FPSC) is low and different techniques are adopted to increase the performance of FPSCs, such as fins, artificial roughness, etc. In this paper, a PV-driven honeycomb texture formation is proposed to improve the thermal performance of a flat plate solar air heater by considering the different system and operating parameters to obtain maximum thermal performance. And also the MDFA-ANN is proposed to predict the thermal performance of the FPSC. PV panels were used to drive an electric fan that provides mechanical air circulation without additional energy supply. The effect of irradiance and PV panel coverage ratio on the overall thermal efficiency of the collector was investigated. The results confirmed that the PV coverage ratio can maximize the overall efficiency and an MDFA-ANN methodology can predict the thermal behaviour of the system under practical conditions.


Opportunities to reduce the emissions of toxic components with exhaust gases are evaluated, based on experimental tests of diesel engine operating on water-biofuel emulsion and diesel fuel.


By implantating high energy Zn ion into CaF_(2) matrix,the concentration of the implanted ions has a Gaussian′s distribution below the surface of the CaF_(2),and ZnO quantum dots can be obtained by thermal annealing. Based on the theory of quantum chemistry,using Materials Studio and Gaussian 98 W programs,the electronic structure and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles on GaF_(2) matrix were analysized.(Selecting) four of super-cells from the basal cells of ZnO,the Absorption spectra of ZnO were calculated,and the result corresponds to the experimental one.The investigation of electionic structure of ZnO shows that the interaction of ZnO with GaF_(2) matrix is mainly from the interaction of O atom on ZnO surface with Ca,this interaction leads to the narrow of Fermi energy level and decrease of energy gap.The change of the structure of ZnO surface did not affect the diagnostic Absorption spectra,the theoretical results are the same as the experimental ones.


Eighteen taxa in section Phoma with conidia usually shorter than 5.5 µm are keyed out and described on account of their characteristics in vitro. Two taxa from section Sclerophomella are added because they have very similar characters in vitro. The following new binomials have been proposed: Phoma dictamnicola Boerema, de Gruyter & Noordel., nom. nov., Phoma dorenboschii Noordel. & de Gruyter, spec. nov., Phoma minutispora P.N. Mathur, nom. nov., and Phoma opunticola Boerema, de Gruyter & Noordel., spec. nov. Hostfungus and fungus-host indices are provided and short comments on the ecology and distribution of the taxa are given.


[(ArO){sub 2}(THF)Y({mu}-OAr)]{sub 2} (Ar = C{sub 6}H{sub 3}Me{sub 2}-2,6) reacts with Al{sub 2}Me{sub 6} or AlEt{sub 3} in toluene or hexanes to form the mixed-metal products (ArO){sub 2}(THF){sub 2}Y({mu}-OAr){sub 3}(THF){sub 3} in toluene. Yb and Nd analogs of 1 and 2 can be obtained similarly, and the representative complexes (ArO){sub 2}(THF){sub 2}Yb({mu}-OAr){sub 2}AlMe{sub 2}, 3, and (ArO){sub 2}(THF){sub 2}Nd-({mu}-OAr){sub 2}AlEt{sub 2}, 4, were crystallographically characterized. Complexes 1-4 all crystallize from benzene in the same space group C2/c. Unit cell parameters at 298 K follow: 1, a = 24.148(3) {Angstrom}, b = 12.396(3) {Angstrom}, c=18.677(2) {Angstrom}, {beta} = 118.68(8){degrees}, V=4704(1) {Angstrom}{sup 3}, Z = 4; 2, a=21.790 {Angstrom}, b=13.039 {Angstrom}, c = 19.434 {Angstrom}, {beta} = 111.68{degrees}, V = 5128 {Angstrom}{sup 3}, 3, a = 23.881(9) {Angstrom}, b = 12.035(7) {Angstrom}, c = 18.676(6) {Angstrom}, {beta} = 118.74(2){degrees}, V=4706(3) {Angstrom}{sup 3} Z = 4; 4, a = 23.185(2) {Angstrom}, b= 13.128(1) {Angstrom}, c=18.905(2) {Angstrom}, {beta} = 117.65(1){degrees}, V=5096(1) {Angstrom}{sup 3}, Z=4. In the case of 3, least-squares refinement of the model based on 2500 reflections ({vert_bar}F{sub o}{vert_bar} > 4.0{sigma}({vert_bar}F{sub o}{vert_bar})) converged to a final R{sub F} = 7.2%. Complexes 1,3, and 4 have distorted octahedral and tetrahedral coordination environments around lanthanidemore » and aluminum, respectively.« less


ABSTRACT Feed-Forward Neural Networks are nowadays a standard tool in the toolbox of high energy physicists. Thistalk summarizes the fields of application in ofl1line analysis, and discusses some open problems.Keywords: Neural Network, High Energy Physics, Classification. 1 INTRODUCTION Twenty years ago, many High Energy Physics (HEP) experiments were using bubble chambers as main detectors. Charged particles generated by high energy collisions caused the formation of patterns of bubbles ina liquid; such patterns were then photographed. Physicists were analyzing events having in front photographsand possibly information collected by spectrometers placed nearby; there was no general recipe for classifying anevent, and the "visual scanning" was a kind of an art.In the eighties, the technique of the experiments changed, in such a way that detectors were providing digitizations of the patterns of tracks generated by high energy collisions. A typical modern detector in HEP (theDELPHI detector at the LEP e+e collider, located near Geneva) is shown in Figure 1. In such an experiment,after a phase of online selection of "good" events performed in real time (trigger) an offline phase starts.


Recent work in the Talkeetna Mountains of south-central Alaska involving sedimentologic and structural investigations along the trace of the Talkeetna thrust fault reveals the following relations: (1) the Kahiltna assemblage in the footwall of the Talkeetna thrust fault represents proximal submarine-fan deposits that were derived from strata exposed in the adjacent hanging wall of the fault; and (2) the structure along the exposed trace of the fault is that of minor thrust slices in the juxtaposed upper and lower plates, is nonpenetrative, and is restricted to within 20 to 50 m of the thrust fault. Lower-plate rocks containing rounded pebble to boulder clasts and delicate bivalve macrofossils adjacent to the fault are undeformed. The proximal sedimentary relation between the footwall and hanging-wall rocks, coupled with the absence of well-developed penetrative-deformation fabrics, suggests that the Talkeetna thrust fault is not a major nappelike structure with tens of kilometers of tectonic transport, as originally interpreted, and so this individual fault zone does not mark a major tectonic terrane boundary in the accretionary tectonic landscape of south-central Alaska.


Non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) absorption spectroscopy is a widespread approach to gas sensing due to its selectivity and conceptual simplicity. One of the main challenges towards the development of fully integrated NDIR sensors is the design and fabrication of microstructures, typically waveguides, that can combine high sensitivity with the ease of integrability of other sensor elements (sources, filters, detectors). Here, we investigate theoretically and experimentally a class of coupled strip-array (CSA) waveguides realized on a SiO2/Si3N4 platform with mass semiconductor fabrication processes. We demonstrate that this class of waveguides shows comparable sensitivity for a wide range of presented geometries, making it a very promising platform for satisfying multiple sensor and fabrication requirements without loss of performance.


This universal tilting four wheeler mechanism which uses the tilting frame structure and bracket together and it can be utilized for any type of motorcycle having bracket fixed to the chassis of that vehicle. The main advantage of this mechanism is that it can tilt while turning like motorcycle. By this leaning the center of gravity balances the centrifugal force which is acting on the vehicle and makes it more stable during turning. It gives more traction when roads are slippery. The two rear wheels offers better Braking as well as increases stability. It gives comfortable ride. KeywordsBetter Breaking, Leaning, Rigid Design, RWD, Stability, Suspension, Universal Tilting Mechanism (4 wheeled).


When printing Al2O3 parts by stereolithography technology, the laying process is an extremely important part. In the current work, the referred flow analysis was numerically investigated. The rheological behavior was measured to determine the rheological type of the slurry. According to the fitting analysis, a Sisko model was available to describe the non-Newtonian behavior. Then, the modified multiple relaxation time lattice Boltzmann method was proposed and validated to effectively improve the stability of the simulation. Based on the proposed method, the situations without and with printed solids in the previous layer were investigated by a series of simulations. The laying velocity and layer thickness were considered as two important factors on the laying process. When the situation without printed solids in the previous layer is analyzed, the streamlines and flow velocities curves were almost horizontal. With different laying velocities, the flow velocities show obvious differences at the same thickness. With different layer thicknesses, the difference is mainly embodied in the vertical velocity component. When the printed solid is considered, the solid seriously affected the smooth flow. The vortices appeared near the printed solid, which also caused the disturbance in both horizontal and vertical velocity components. The mentioned interfering factors indicated different actions on the flow. The research will contribute to understanding the flow of the laying process. It can help to select suitable laying velocity and layer thickness to avoid severe flow velocity fluctuation and redundant vertical velocity components.


This article described relations between knowledge contents for culture contents. Knowledge contents include academic article, research report, digital replica for old books and digital cultural heritages with a high level of abstraction and complexity. The process of digitalization sets up the clearinghouse for information and knowledge of humanities which can be a critical resource for cultural contents development. Knowledge contents are deliverable of knowledge-information hierarchies. The knowledgeinformation resource management plan doing by Korean Studies Advancement Center shows the most of the hierarchies. As a result, this paper shows that the process of knowledge-information development and the process of cultural contents development are in a series of continuous process.With the help of information technology.


On the basis of analyzing harm of tunnel leakage,authors introduce some usual methods of leakage treatment of operational tunnel.According to the actual tunnel engineering,authors raise a new kind of technology of surface drilling grouting leakage stoppage,and introduce its concrete design plan.


In mid-February of 2021, a harmful algal bloom (HAB) dominated by the Noctiluca scintillans occurred and lasted several days in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea. Here in this work, we investigated the HAB event using optical and thermal infrared remote sensing data from multi satellites. The bloom spatial information of location and areal extent were determined based on bloom image features from the optical measurements of HY-1C/D and MODIS Aqua. The thermal infrared images from MODIS Aqua, NPP VIIRS and Himawari-8 were used to obtain the sea surface temperature (SST) characteristics in the study area during the bloom period. Then, short-term temperature changes of the bloom and normal sea areas were further analyzed. The SST images showed a warming anomaly between the bloom and surrounding normal sea areas on February 14. The warming anomaly appeared at 10: 00 and then changed through the course of a day, finally it disappeared after 21: 00, with a maximum temperature difference (ΔT) of 2.5°C around 15:00. Considering the close time-space correlation between SST and bloom, the bloom outbreak may have caused the SST anomalies. This study demonstrates the unique value of multi-satellite remote sensing data in revealing short-term changes related to HABs.


Strain-release-driven methodology is as a powerful tool to access structural motifs, highly desirable by pharmaceutical indus-try. The reactivity of spring-loaded cyclic reagents is dominated by transformations relying on their inherent electrophilic reac-tivity. Herein, we present a polarity-reversal strategy based on light-driven cobalt catalysis, which enables the generation of nucleophilic radicals through strain release. Applicability of this methodology is demonstrated by design of two distinct types of reactions: Giese-type addition and Co/Ni-catalyzed cross-coupling. Moreover, a series of electrochemical, spectroscopic, kinetic experiments, and X-ray structural analysis of the intermediate alkylcobalt(III) complex reveal deeper insight into mech-anism of the reaction.


By ways of photo-analysis and statistical induction, the data were surveyed and the following was concluded. The positive action of free leg, quick extending and swing forwards can take good advantages of running velocity and be greatly helpful to the big increase in vertical velocity of the center of gravity. So,it is of major importance for the take-off phase and benefits the result of long jump greatly.


The research has been conducted in several phases for 10 years on existing intensive roof gardens in the Trenčín district. The first phase was carried out within the GP 1/4419/47 Adaptability of Cultural Vegetation in Consequence of Global Draining and Warming. Roof gardens are a good place for simulating natural phytocenose sites that are able to accumulate rainfall without taking it to drainage. The second phase of research was conducted within a continuation of GP 1/1316/04, verifying xeric plants for conditions of changing climate in a urbanized environment on different construction systems. For a statistical evaluation it was necessary to select taxa in at least three roof gardens. The basic hypothesis was that all plants are conditionally suitable for roof gardens. Another assumption was that the maintenance of all roof gardens is uniform. Results have shown that some plants are more adaptable and drought-tolerant even if the maintenance of roof garden is not appropriate.


The E3 ligase Mdm2 is a well-established master regulator of p53 stability through ubiquitin-dependent degradation, and is also an effective target for therapy. Inhibition of Mdm2 rescues p53 expression and its properties—from cell cycle inhibition to DNA repair and death programs. Mdm2 itself is subject to complex regulation and may offer not only important mechanistic but also potential therapeutic modalities for p53. Among the known regulators of Mdm2 is Numb, a protein implicated in asymmetric cell division (Morrison and Kimble, 2006; Knoblich, 2008). Numb directly regulates Notch availability and activity (Spana and Doe, 1996; Colaluca et al., 2008). Numb's ability to balance p53 and Notch activity has major effects on stem cell homeostasis with concomitant loss of self-renewing and replication capacity—a proven recipe for tumorigenesis. Furthermore, Numb-mediated control of the p53–Notch axis is known to influence resistance of cancer to therapy (Cicalese et al., 2009; Takebe et al., 2011; Tosoni et al., 2015). Given these properties, it is not surprising that changes in Numb expression and/or activity have multiple effects on tumor growth. For example, Numb expression is lost in as many as 50% of human mammary tumors, resulting in enhanced Notch signaling (Pece et al., 2004) and reduced p53 expression secondary to the loss of Mdm2 suppression (Colaluca et al., 2008). This effectively qualifies Numb as a tumor suppressor, consistent with the observation that it is inactivated or lost in several tumor types. Different Numb variants, generated by alternative splicing, are expected to elicit distinct activities that could rebalance Notch and Mdm2/p53 activity, with profound implications for cancer cell properties (Fig. 1). Numb is controlled by alternative splicing of Exons 3 (Ex3) and 9 (Ex9) into four major isoforms (Bani-Yaghoub et al., 2007). Ex9 splicing is associated with Notch-dependent tumorigenesis (Bechara et al., 2013), as with impared development, differentiation, and replication (Kim et al., 2013; Tarn et al., 2016). In this issue, the study by Colaluca et al. has turned our attention to Ex3 splicing. Extensive biochemical and biophysical studies were performed by Colaluca et al. (2018) to characterize the importance of Ex3 in Numb-mediated control of Mdm2 and p53 stability. Numb requires Ex3 (Numb-1/2 isoforms) to inhibit Mdm2 and thus increase p53 availability. Accordingly, deletion of Numb1/2, but not of Numb-3/4 (isoforms that lack Ex3), reduces p53 expression in an Mdm2-dependent manner. Likewise, the p53-stabilizing effects of genotoxic agents such as cisplatin are lost by deletion of Ex3-containing Numb, illustrating the importance of this exon for the DNA damage/repair response. Colaluca et al. (2008) mapped the Numb–Mdm2 interaction sites to a stretch of 11 aromatic and positively charged amino acids in the phosphotyrosine-binding domain of Numb and to the unstructured acidic domain of Mdm2. The interaction mainly occurred through multiple hydrophobic and complementary polar interactions, constituting a fuzzy complex. Several intriguing questions are raised by this finding: Does the interaction require phosphorylation of Numb within the interaction domain? Is extracellular regulated kinase (ERK), which has been suggested to affect Numb splicing (Rajendran et al., 2016), involved in this event? Does ERK or an unidentified kinase provide another regulatory layer of Numb splicing or its interaction with Mdm2? Notably, binding of Mdm2 does not impair the ability of Numb to interact with and inhibit Notch activity. Thus, loss of Numb-mediated inhibition of Mdm2, while maintaining Notch inhibition, would result in loss of tumor suppression and gain of oncogenic signaling. This scenario suggests that loss of some isoforms might have different consequences and impact on tumorigenesis via alternate molecular mechanisms, as they would be also expected to affect asymmetric division and expansion of breast cancer (BCa) stem cells. Given the diverse pleiotropic functions of Numb in cell polarization, endocytosis, ubiquitination, and other processes (Pece et al., 2011), it seems clear that cataloging the role of Numb splice variants in each process will allow us to fully appreciate their importance and significance in other pathological conditions (Fig. 1). Several important questions about Numb biology remain. For example, what is it that dictates splicing of Ex3 versus Ex9? Is it one of several splicing factors that have already been implicated, such as RBM4/5/6/10 or ASF/SF2 (Bechara et al., 2013; Rajendran et al., 2016; Tarn et al., 2016)? Could the expression and/or activity of this factor provide another prognostic marker for p53 WT BCa? Would the finding shown here for a subset Although numerous pathways are known to control the tumor suppressor protein p53, coordinated regulation of the p53–Notch axis by Numb may have an even more remarkable impact. In this issue, Colaluca at al. (2018. J. Cell Biol. https ://doi .org /10 .1083 /jcb .201709092) reveal an unexpected role of a newly characterized Numb splice variant in the regulation of p53, which may have significant implications for therapeutic intervention in breast cancer. Rewired Notch/p53 by Numb'ing Mdm2


Introduction: The PROPELLER-EPI (periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction using EPI as signal readout) has been shown useful for diffusion applications with reduced geometric distortion [1]. PROPELLER-EPI consists of EPI signal readout with alternating gradient polarities, where the phase inconsistencies between odd and even echoes generate oblique N/2 ghost artifact [2] in each rotating blade. A double-FOV reference image can be used for 2D linear phase correction with interlaced Fourier transform (FT) for oblique ghost reduction prior to PROPELLER-EPI reconstruction [3], which however lengthens the acquisitions substantially because the reference scan needs to be performed for every blade. A 2D phase-cycled reconstruction for inherent correction of N/2 ghost without any extra reference scan has been reported recently [4], with only minor pitfalls in low-signal regions. For PROPELLER-EPI, the small matrix size along the phase-encoding direction further entails modifications of the 2D phase-cycled reconstruction method. In this work, therefore, we integrate an improved version of the 2D phase-cycled reconstruction and PROPELLER-EPI, and compare the result to that reconstructed using the more time-consuming 2D reference-based method.  Materials and methods: The 2D phase-cycled reconstruction is an image-domain processing method, which generates a series of corrected images from original data by assuming different 2D phase errors, and then selects the correction result with lowest artifact based on background energy sorted in decreasing order [4]. In its original implementation, the background is defined solely using sigmoid-weighted signals without prior knowledge of object location or shape. Thus the algorithm may fail during the sorting operation in places where the object contains signal-free regions along the phase-encoding direction. In addition, the number of pixels along the phase-encoding direction in each blade image of PROPELLER-EPI is often too small to ensure reliable sorting, leading to signal discontinuity (arrows in Fig.1a). To address both issues, in our study the 2D phase cycled reconstruction was applied to interpolated blade image with Fermi-filtering to increase the matrix size while without introducing Gibbs ringing (Fig.1b), and a mask operation was used instead of the sorting operation to identify the background region. A mask of object shape (object mask) was first produced via PROPELLER reconstruction using only odd echoes of all rotating blades (Figs.2a-2b). The mask generation was straightforward because the ghost energy was spread to different directions with PROPELLER reconstruction (Fig.2a). In this manner a ghost mask could be obtained for each blade by subtracting the object mask with proper rotation (Figs.2c-2d), which was then to identify the background region for 2D phase-cycled reconstruction. Experimental phantom images to demonstrate our method were acquired at 1.5T (Signa HDxt, GE) with FOV 17x17cm, blade size 32*128 (ETL=32), rotating angle 15°, NEX 1, TE 76.8ms, TR 4000ms, 5mm slices without gap, and 12 blades for 180° k-space coverage. Scan time was 48s. The double-FOV reference scans were also acquired for all blades (which took an additional 48s to acquire) for purpose of comparison with reference-based correction.  Results: The single blade images without N/2 ghost correction (Fig.3a), with 2D phase-cycled reconstruction using background energy sorting (Fig.3b), and with 2D phase-cycled reconstruction using ghost masking (Fig.3c) are shown for an object having prominent signal-free regions. Ghost masking was seen to yield much less residual N/2 ghost (arrows). The PROPELLER-EPI reconstructed full-resolution images with reference-based 2D linear phase correction using interlaced FT and reference-free 2D phase-cycled reconstruction using ghost masking are shown in Figs.4a and 4b, respectively, showing comparable quality but twice difference in total scan time.  Discussion & Conclusion: The key improvement proposed in this study for 2D phase-cycled reconstruction is the replacement of energy sorting by ghost masking to identify the background region, making use of the property that the N/2 ghosts in PROPELLER reconstructed images, even before N/2 ghost correction, are spread to different directions with diluted intensities. The interpolation of the low-resolution blade image from 32 to 128 with Fermi-filtering also helped reducing the difficulty in generating the ghost mask, although at the expense of longer processing time. These improvements facilitated successful application of PROPELLER-EPI to objects with substantial portions of signal-free regions. Even for signal-free regions where the ghost mask also showed no signals (yellow arrow in Fig.2d), the correction can still be performed by interpolation between adjacent phase-encoding-lines because the EPI phase error is a spatially continuous function along two dimensions (bottom arrow in Fig.3c). Experimental results show that the final full-resolution PROPELLER-EPI image obtained from 2D phase-cycled reconstruction has comparable quality compared to that reconstructed with 2D reference scan correction method. Our proposed method eliminates the extra acquisition time required for reference scan, which is proportional to number of blades (reference scan time = blades x TR). Our method also eliminates potential error amplification in the 2D reference scan approach resulting from subject movement between reference scan and actual scan. In conclusion, the 2D phase-cycled reconstruction is particularly suitable for correcting oblique ghost in PROPELLER-EPI without any need of extra reference scan, and thus may broaden the clinical use of the PROPELLER-EPI technique. References: [1] Wang FN, et al, MRM, 54:1232 (2005). [2] Bruder H, et al, MRM, 21:311 (1992). [3] Chang HC, et al, ISMRM 2011 #4612. [4] Chen NK, et al, MRM, 66:1057 (2011) Fig.1 A low-resolution single blade image (45° rotating angle) with 2D phase-cycled reconstruction (a) before and (b) after interpolation. 2D phase cycled recon.


A quantitative The metabolic breakdown of halothane was quantitatively determined in two patients. Trifluoroacetic acid and bromide were found as metabolites in the urine. Both metabolites have a protracted excretion rate. Since the biological half-life of trifluoroacetic acid is unknown, one can calculate only the least amount of halothane that had been metabolized on the basis of the excreted triflu- oroacetic acid: 12% in both patients. On the basis of the excreted urinary bromide, 20% and 17%, respectively, of the halothane taken up by the body was calculated to be metabolized, if one assumes a biological half-life of 12 days for bromide.


The paper examines kart noise propagation in the living environment and sought measures for suppressing it. To conduct experimental studies, precision sound level analyzer Bruel & Kjaer 2260th has been used. In cooperation with the Lithuanian Hydrometeorological Service, data on relative humidity, wind speed and direction, soil surface temperature and air temperature have been applied. According to the Lithuanian Hygiene Standard HN 33:2011 Noise Thresholds in Residential and Public Buildings and Their Environment, the areas with an elevated noise level are identified thus selecting noise reduction measures aimed at reducing noise levels up to the permitted ones. The analysis of the obtained results has focused on the regularities between noise propagation and meteorological events and their impact on the spread of noise. The environmental factors more or less influencing the climate and noise spread in the living area have been determined. With reference to the received information, the ways to reduce noise have been suggested.


JUne 2008 n W 33 on the shoulders of a decade's worth of Web developers to not repeat things that will be familiar to his audience, instead he goes deeper into the concepts that should underlie a good website. Graphical design layout principles and the core concepts of user-centered design, to which typical coding handbooks provide glancing attention at best, receive appropriate and thoughtful treatment here. Holdener even devotes an entire chapter to errors—which ones need to be communicated to the database, which ones need to be surfaced to the user, and how to present errors in a user-friendly way. The thoughtful meticulousness this chapter exemplifies is evidenced everywhere in this hefty volume. Although the book is most likely to be opened by coders looking for the specifics of how to build a drag and drop shopping cart or use the Flickr API, Holdener's deep concern for the full universe of issues involved in Web design and development shines through. I can only hope that his good advice will convert a few of those harried coders to his way of thinking.


Lanthanum-modified commercial activated carbon (LMAC) adsorbent was synthesized, characterized, and then applied for reducing nitrate from aqueous solutions under various conditions. The extent of nitrate removal depended on four factors: temperature, the aqueous solution pH, initial nitrate concentration, and contact time. The Taguchi approach was used as the method of design for the experiments. Under optimal conditions ( T= 300°C, pH=3, C0=10 ppm, and t= 210 min), the removal percentages and capacity of nitrate adsorption were found to be 71.31%, and 1.43 for activated carbon (AC) and 93.31% and 1.87 for LMAC, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters, including the enthalpy, Gibbs free energy, and entropy, indicated the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the adsorption process. Various isotherms and first and second-order kinetic models were applied to investigate the adsorption process. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm could well describe the adsorption process.


Value homophily is the idea that relationships are more rewarding and more common between people with more similar values, because shared values produce affective rewards. It is a bedrock concept in the literature on interpersonal networks, yet there is almost no direct evidence for it because values are hard to measure directly. Moreover, there is uncertainty as to how value homophily will manifest itself in professional networks, where affective concerns are counter-balanced by the increased salience and importance of instrumental concerns. We apply an original method for operationalizing individual values to study the role of value similarity in the dynamics of professional networks among working professionals studying part-time for an MBA. We find that value similarity has a massive impact on the formation of professional network relationships, but is much less important in predicting whether those relationships endure. We see these results as emerging from processes where professional networkers seek instrumental benefits, while trying to maintain relational integrity by respecting affective concerns, represented by values.


Author(s): Pahl, Kate H; Rowsell, Jennifer | Abstract: In this article, we propose a framework for literacy education, called artifactual critical literacy, which unites a material cultural studies approach together with critical literacy education. Critical literacy is a field that addresses imbalances of power and, in particular, pays attention to the voices of those who are less frequently heard. When critical literacy education is joined with a material cultural studies approach, which holds that cultural "stuff" (Miller, 2010) matters as a form of expression and also as embedded cultural practice, literacy practices such as hip hop and vernacular literacies are then given more attention alongside canonical texts. Stories connected to objects and home experience can provide a platform and starting point for text-making. Text-making can also be set within a framework that is multimodal and allows for a much wider concept of meaning making. In this article wecombine practical examples with a new theoretical framework that brings these traditions together.


DNA is not only the most important genetic material but a highly functional biomaterial. The unique structure of the double-stranded DNA causes its highly specific functions, such as intercalation, groove-binding and other molecular recognitions. Previously, we reported the preparation of insolubilized DNA by UV-irradiation. The UV-irradiated DNA showed the potential utility as an accumulation device for harmful DNA-binding chemicals such as the dioxin-derivative. In this study, we investigated the exclusion process of accumulated chemicals from the insolubilized DNA, and extended this approach to the construction of an accumulation-exclusion combined system for DNA-binding harmful chemicals. Such a system would allow us to systematically concentrate very small amount of DNA-binding chemicals from large amounts of water. It might provide a suitable method to omit the complicated pre-treatment processes which are popular in the analysis for the highly diluted chemicals in the water system such as some environmental hormones. Two different procedures were performed to exclude ethidium bromide (EtBr) from UV-irradiated DNA containing EtBr. The first one is the treatment with a cationic polymer which would induce DNA-condensation and, as a result, exclude EtBr. Another one is the extraction of EtBr with organic solvent. The extraction process with an organic solvent attained a high exclusion efficiency for EtBr. The UV-irradiated DNA which accumulated the EtBr, could be easily recovered by washing with some organic solvents and maintain the efficiency to accumulate the DNA-binding chemicals.


Aim. To study the morphological changes in the duodenum in case of its arteriomesenterial compression and estimate their interaction with connective tissue dysplasia. Materials and methods. 70 patients (mean age 29.3 ± 2.6 years) with arteriomesenterial compression of the duodenum underwent morphological study of its wall and correlation analysis with histological changes in biopsy material of the skin. Results. Significant correlation of morphological indices of stromal-glandular changes in the duodenal mucosa with the signs of destruction and reorganization of connective tissue in histological preparations of the skin were established. Conclusions. Duodenal arteriomesenterial compression is a disease, conditioned by patient's constitution. Its course is determined by peculiar features of connective tissue dysplasia. Morphological changes in duodenal wall confirm atrophy, the degree of manifestation of which corresponds to the stage of disease and is a reliable criterion for choosing rational therapeutic tactics.


By drawing on the nuances in methodological research literature, this qualitative content analysis study investigated the research procedures employed in knowledge management (KM) research between 2009 and 2014, to gain an understanding of the methodological choices made by KM researchers. In total, 989 articles published in five leading KM-centric journals were reviewed. The results revealed that KM research utilised a variety of research procedures. The predominance of positivist epistemologies varied across the five journals, but mixed methods research was not prevalent. True to the interpretivist presuppositions of this study, these results are not definitive. Deploying multi-methods may result in a deeper understanding of the use of research procedures in the field. The value of this study lies in the fact that it will lead to greater knowledge of research methodologies in the subject field and provide a baseline for future studies that have an interest in reflecting on context-specific methodological practices.


This article examines the depiction of the environmental problem of overpopulation in the two Marvel films Avengers: Infinity War and Avengers: Endgame through the analysis of the character Thanos and his Malthusian theory and his cornucopian thinking counterpart, The Avengers. The article investigates how these two theories affect and form the subject of overpopulation in the two films and what signal the films send in relation to environmental alternatives. It suggests that the films hinder the contemplation of all environmental alternatives through their depiction of the Malthusian alternative as a villainous and unwarranted ideology.


A routine is presented which specifies the sequence of merge cycles to effect the merging of sorted tape files. The routine is designed to minimize elapsed computer time by varying the power of the merge cycles, so as to use all the available tape drives, with its characteristic of assigning one drive to a single-eel file and two drives to each multiple-reel file.


Is there some reorientation for the expression of natural selection that may provide subtle perspective, from which we can understand our subject more deeply and analyze our problems with greater ease and greater insight? My answer is · · · that the Price equation provides that sort of reorientation. — Frank (2012) One of the messages from Chapter 5 is that selection, even on just one or two loci, can have very complex dynamics. Indeed, outside of the special case of frequency-independent viability selection at a single locus, selection is not even guaranteed to increase mean fitness. Despite this, the search for general theorems (exact mathematical expressions) of selection response has motivated population and quantitative geneticists for over eighty years. By shifting attention away from the details of gene-frequency change over a large number of loci to the dynamics of a single trait, the hope was that some general statements might hold. Here we focus on three classical " theorems " — Fisher's fundamental theorem of natural selection, Robertson's secondary theorem of natural selection, and Price's theorem — as well as Lush's breeder's equation, summarized in Table 6.1. Much confusion surrounds these theorems, and their interrelationships , in the literature, and it is ironic that attempts to bring some order to population-and quantitative-genetic theory has instead resulted in a considerable amount of historical chaos. Table 6.1. General expressions for the response of a trait to selection, with fitness as an important special case. Here w denotes relative fitness, z the value of an arbitrary trait, A x the breeding value of trait x, R x the total response (change in the mean in the next generation) of trait x, δR w the partial response in mean fitness due exclusively to allele-frequency change, S z the within-generation change in z (the selection differential) following selection, and δ z the expected change between the mean value of a trait in selected parents and their progeny. Expressions denoted by * are true mathematical theorems, whereas the rest are approximations.


This degree work presents the development of a computer vision system that addresses the recognition and automatic geo-positioning signals vertical traffic regulations in the city of Cali. The system indexes each traffic signal in a database, so that in the future can be altered or damaged locate signals. Additionally, it is expected to contribute to the development of driver assistance modules in the prevention and care of road safety rules in Colombia.

multilayer neural networks (ANN) and support vector machines (SVM): In this project, two pattern recognition techniques are compared. SVM were chosen because they generate better results.
an application of computer vision which is responsible for the detection and real-time targeting traffic signal captured through a webcam developed. Segmented signal is subsequently recognized with support vector machines.

Data latitude, longitude and altitude of the traffic signal sensing system come from the GPS a mobile device and are stored in a MySQL database through a system based on PHP, HTML and XML application, achieving its interpretation and visualization thanks to Google maps API that allows the Geo-positioning.


BACKGROUND: Crude glycerol will increase to over 400 million L year−1, and the market is likely to become saturated due to the limited demand for glycerol. The main aim of this work is to develop a novel process for the sustainable conversion of glycerol to 1,2-propanediol (l,2-PD).

RESULTS: Cu-H4SiW12O40/Al2O3 catalysts with different H4SiW12O40 (STA) loadings were prepared for the hydrogenolysis of glycerol to produce l,2-PD in liquid phase. At 513 K, 6 MPa and LHSV of 0.9 h−1 in 10% (w/w) glycerol aqueous solutions, the catalyst with 5% (w/w) STA showed the best performance with 90.1% of glycerol conversion and 89.7% selectivity to l,2-PD. More important, both the initial glycerol conversion and l,2-PD selectivity were maintained over 250 h.

CONCLUSION: l,2-PD can be continuously produced with high yields via the liquid phase hydrogenolysis of glycerol over Cu-H4SiW12O40/Al2O3. Furthermore, the characterization indicated that catalyst acidity could be greatly modified by STA, which promoted Cu reducibility. It was also found that hydrogenolysis could be favored by a bi-functional catalyst with the appropriate amount of both acid and metal sites. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry


The aim of the paper is to present some fundamental data from which the performance of high-speed track-laying vehicles can be estimated and on which preliminary design calculations can be based.The percentage of the gross engine horsepower that may be available at the driving sprocket is indicated and this must be equated to the resistance to motion that is likely to be encountered. Losses in the track and suspension system are discussed and reference is made to the effect of track tension. Some indication is given of the order of the horsepower required per ton of vehicle weight to achieve a unit of speed on various broad types of terrain. The effort required to climb gradients is also considered and it is shown that operation on cross-country terrain may be treated as an equivalent gradient resistance.Mention is made of the horsepower expended in steering a tracked vehicle and the manner in which the track forces have been found to decrease with increase in turning-circle radius.Since cross-country mob...


The solidification of a thermoplastic during the injection process directly influences the productivity and quality of the final product. This paper presents a study of the solidification performance of parts produced by a thermoplastic injection process, verifying their dimensional, visual, and production behavior according to the variation of geometry, temperature, and design of the injection mold cooling system. SolidWorks Plastics software was used to perform the simulations. Experiments were performed with a plastic injection mold to confront and validate the simulations. Given the comparison of different cooling geometries, the simulations made it possible to obtain parts with a shorter mold cooling cycle time. Payback analysis has the primary objective of determining which cooling system is the most viable and has the highest return on invested capital. The results demonstrated a solution for engineers and designers to justify maintenance or modifications to existing injection molds through numerical simulation.


The "folk" in literary texts is actually the folk imagination by writers,which represents the aesthetic ideal and emotional pursuit of elite class.The advent of the era of image has put an end to the leading role of textual folk elite expression.The capital holders realized a greater profit by selling the right to appreciate "folk" images.Eventually,"folk" has become a commodity symbol for consumption and suspension.


Sodium nitroprusside contains cyanide ligands that are not easily replaced chemically. Studies on its substitution reaction with another anionic ligand 'iodide' are reported here. The rate of this photochemical reaction has been studied spectrophotometrically. The effect of different parameters like pH, intensity of light, [sodium nitroprusside] and [iodide] ion on the reaction has also been studied. The product has been isolated and characterized by different analytical methods. A tentative mechanism for the photochemical substitution reaction is also proposed.


This research aims at promoting sharing of knowledge about functionality of engineering artifacts among engineers. Such functional knowledge shows an important part of designer's intention, so-called design rationale. Sharing design rationale plays a crucial role in team-activities in engineering practice such as designing, trouble-shooting, and maintenance. Nevertheless, in the current practice in industry, engineers have suffered from the difficulty of reusing technical documents of such functional knowledge, since the documents tend to be written in ad hoc manner using each engineer's vocabulary and are specific to products or domains. For resolving these difficulties, we have developed an ontological framework of functional knowledge, which includes an ontology of device and function as conceptual viewpoint and a functional concept ontology as a controlled vocabulary. These ontologies play a role as guidelines or constraints to avoid ad hoc modeling. This framework was successfully deployed in a manufacturing company in Japan in daily activities such as design review, equipment improvement and patent application. This paper firstly discusses some ontological issues of functionality of artifacts. Secondly, we show a definition of the concept of function as role and operational definitions of generic functions. Thirdly, we summarize the authors' experiences of the deployment, and discuss the success factors, difficulties, and their solutions including future work. Lastly, in order to place our definition of function in the related concepts in the literature, other types of function are discussed.


The use of radar in meteorology is in a permanent development, where the data collected are subject to many undesirable echoes. Nonetheless, we propose to process these lasts using Local Binary Pattern (LBP) descriptors and others variants that we combined to Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. The approaches were validated on images recorded in Bordeaux (France) by incoherent radar. Different neighborhood's sizes are explored, the results reveal that the variance (VAR) gives the best preservation of precipitations using radius 1 where 82.99% of ground echoes are suppressed when LBPriu2 are combined to VAR. The best identification is then obtained with simply the VAR.


In this note we will first argue that there is evidence in supporting the view that de Broglie waves have a gravitational origin. In view of the extreme weakness of the gravitational field, however, this seems to be an unlikely proposition. We consider the problem of the atom in the light of a proposed electron theory [physics/0212013] and show that in this theory an insignificant perturbation in the gravitational field might in effect be amplified by astonishingly large orders of magnitudes. On this basis we then propose a realistic model of an atom where the electron continually tunnels through the electrostatic field of the proton and the de Broglie waves take on the role of the missing electrostatic interactions. Although the discussion is a qualitative one, and as such may not be considered as being conclusive, never the less, we believe that on the evidence presented here the possibility of a gravitational origin for the de Broglie waves must be seriously considered.


Time use patterns were systematically assessed in a sample of women with children living in a domestic violence shelter. A convenience sample of 23 women residing in a homeless shelter for women escaping domestic violence participated in this study. Time use patterns were obtained by the participants verbally reviewing a previous weekday and weekend day with the research team members. While staying at an emergency shelter for women fleeing violence, the women in this study spent significant amounts of time in sleep and rest activities, passive recreation, and socializing with other shelter residents. The daily activities engaged in by women with children living in an emergency shelter for survivors of domestic violence reflect the complex housing and personal transitions they face. Their activity patterns reflect the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms and conditions in this population and the crisis nature of surviving without stable housing in a shelter.


As the competitions among enterprises become more and more serious, and the production processes become increasingly complex, finding an efficient way to realize collaboration between different processes of industries is necessary for enterprises. Therefore, in order to support business collaboration, we propose an Integrated Multi-channel Messaging Model (IM3) in this paper, which can be used as a stand-alone web-service in many different business systems. The main feature of our model of work is that it can integrate e-mail, SMS and instant message formats into a general purpose message format, and then send it out according to the requirements of users. The general purpose message format is transformed by the use of XSLT (extensible style language transformation), and is also extensible to more message formats. Besides, our model of work has functions of providing message alerts, the coordination between various business processes, the support of business process execution etc. It is an efficient model that provides an open, shared, distributed but centralized collaborative working environment.


With the increasing significance of the power control in wind farms for modern power system, the precise ultra-short term wind power prediction are necessary for achieving the integrated active power control of practical wind farms. This paper focus on the wind power online prediction using the relationship between the wind speed and the wind power generation by ultra-term wind speed forecasting. An improved GM (Grey Model) rolling model is developed in the paper for the ultra-short term wind speed prediction. The simulation results have verified that the developed GM rolling model with the weaken buffer operator for the variable wind data preparation has better prediction performance over the traditional GM rolling model and adaptive alpha-based GM rolling model. This result will obviously optimize the wind power control in the wind farm by predicting the precise wind power generation in real time.


In 1967 a prospective study was undertaken to assess the alleged relationship between palmar keratoses and the presence of identifiable visceral malignancies. The study group consisted of 648 essentially asymptomatic adults who underwent comprehensive examinations for cancer with special attention to the presence of palmar keratoses. Palmar keratoses were present in 24.4% of the 648, including 28.4% of men and 19.9% of women. Each of the 648 was followed for three years subsequent to examination at the Cancer Detection Center. Of the 158 in the group with keratoses, 1.9% developed identifiable visceral cancers during 3+ years of follow-up study; for 490 without keratoses, 1.8% developed cancers. The findings of this study demonstrate that asymptomatic persons with palmar keratoses are neither more nor less likely to harbor identifiable cancers than those who do not have these skin lesions.


REPRESENTING the culmination of extensive efforts of at least 70 experts in the field of educational measurement and evaluation selected by the Committee on Measurement and Guidance of the American Council on Education, the new book Educational Measurement admirably fulfills a lon gfelt need for an advanced and comprehensive reference volume in the techniques and general theory of educational measurement. It will render an invaluable service not only to teachers who have sought for years a suitable text for graduate courses in educational measurement, but also to field workers of diversified interests and of varying degrees of experience in test evaluation. Unlike many other reference books for which specialists have writ-


High competition in the business world has made the AJB Bumiputera 1912 company Branch Office Rungkut Surabaya has to do some dynamic changes in order to make the company competitive and the existence of its performance is maintained. This research is meant to find out the influence of transformational leadership style and work motivation to the performance of employees of AJB Bumiputera 1912 Branch Office Rungkut Surabaya. Transformational leadership style is the ability of a leader to realize his mission, to encourage the members to conduct learning, and able to give inspiration and motivation to his staffs. The performance of a person in implementing his tasks one of them is emerged and influenced by work motivation. The population is 53 employees. The sample collection technique has been done by using random sampling. The data analysis technique has been done by performing multiple linear regressions method. The result of this research shows that the result of t test shows that partially the transformational leadership style and work motivation variables have significant influence to the performance of the employees. The result of the analysis of partial coefficient determination shows that transformational leadership is the variable which has dominant influence compared to other variables. It has been found from this result of this research that the superior should pay attention to the needs of the employees which consist of salary, safe and confidence, reward in order to improve the better performance of the employees.Keyword: Price, Product, Place, Ptomotion, and Purchasing Decision. Keywords: Transformational Leadership Style, Work Motivation, Performance of Employees.


Electroslag casting with liquid metal (ESC LM) using current conductive ring has been developed. This technology is different from classical electroslag remelting (ESR) process. No consumable electrode is needed in the process. Liquid metal after refining is introduced into the mold directly. Current conductive ring instead of consumable electrode is the conductive unit for heating slag pool for the first time. Short collar mold and continuous withdrawal mechanism like continuous casting process are employed in the process. Conductive path of ESC LM process using current conductive ring is transformer → current conductive ring → liquid slag → molten steel → solid ingot → base plate → transformer. A mathematical model of electroslag casting process with liquid metal is developed for understanding the technology. Thermal field, voltage, and current density distributions in the system have been simulated, which are similar but different from conventional ESR process. Results of industrial trial indicate that there is no obvious macrosegregation and cracks in the industrial ingots produced by these methods. Ingot quality is equivalent to the conventional electroslag ingot. In addition, the production efficiency of ESC LM process is obvious higher than conventional ESR operation.


This paper analyse the beneficial effect of a multivalent vaccine in reducing mortality rates due to enterotoxemia in alpaca crias. The programme was implemented in 2001 and ran for six consecutive years (2001-2006) in a cooperative farm in southern Peru (Nunoa, Puno) using a multiple anaculture (bacterine and toxoid) containing predominantly (60%)


A Lactobacillusbreviswas isolated from the alimentary tractof SPF chickens with MRS culture medium.It grew fast,had resistance to acid,adhesion to intestinal mucosa and could improve immune function of intestinal mucosa.The characterization of morphology,culture,biochemistry,drug sensitivity and G+Cmol%werealso detected.The isolated strain was identified as L .brevis.So itmay be the prior chosen strain of poultry probiotics.


Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been associated with upregulation of prothrombotic factors. We hypothesize that diagnosis of OSA may be protective against postoperative hemorrhage. This study investigates the relationships between preoperative clinical diagnosis and postoperative hemorrhage.