Spike parameters of hexaploid wheats from the genus Triticum L. are determined by the major genes and play an important role in systematics. Having a strong pleiotropic effect they are also have a practical importance. In this work, the interaction of the dominant genes QS and Q with the dominant gene C17648 determining a spike shape was investigated. The gene Q is situated in 5AL chromosome and determines the formation of elongated lax spike in the species T. spelta L. The homoeoallelic gene QS introgressed into bread wheat from Aegilops speltoides Tausch. and causing the formation of speltoid spike also situated in 5AL chromosome of the line 84/98w. The gene C17648 is analogous in the phenotypic manifestation to the gene C determining the formation of a dense short spike on a short culm like in T. compactum Host. It was mapped to 5AL chromosome in bread wheat line ANBW-5A and the donor of the gene was a mutant of durum wheat. In the present work, spike length, spikelet number, index of spike density and stem length were studied in F1 , F2 and F3 of three different hybrid populations. For the first time it was showed that the gene C17648 is epistatic to the dominant genes QS and Q. It was manifested in the formation of compact spike in F1 hybrids and in numerical prevalence of plants with a compact spike in F2 . At the same time, the gene C17648 showed a smaller effect on stem length and did not affected spikelet number. Using the genetic analysis it was found that the genes QS and Q are independently inherited from the gene C17648 but a substantial linkage was observed between QS or Q and b1 gene.


Presently, there is an ever-growing need to develop reliable and environmental friendly processes in nanotechnology research. In the present study, we report biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using the culture supernatant of Psuedomonos aerogenosa and its increased antimicrobial activity of different antibiotics against clinically isolated organism. The synthesized nanoparticles were confirmed from the yellowish brown color changes after exposure of supernatant of the culture. The formation of these nanoparticles was monitored by UV-visible spectroscopy. After the characterization studies these nanoparticles were subjected to antimicrobial activity of different antibiotics against clinically isolated organism. The antimicrobial activity of Ciprofloxacin, Chloromphenicol was increased in the presence of Ag-Nps and no enhancing effect on Gentamycin but with Ag-Nps, it was increased against Salmonella paratyphi. Similarly, Norfloxacin, Amoxyclav and Nitrofurantoin antimicrobial activity also increased in the presence of Ag-Nps against Staphylococcus aureus.


Confirmation bias—the tendency to overweight information that matches prior beliefs or choices—has been shown to manifest even in simple reinforcement learning. In line with recent work, we find that participants learned significantly more from choice-confirming outcomes in a reward-learning task. What is less clear is whether asymmetric learning rates somehow benefit the learner. Here, we combine data from human participants and artificial agents to examine how confirmation-biased learning might improve performance by counteracting decisional and environmental noise. We evaluate one potential mechanism for such noise reduction: visual attention—a demonstrated driver of both value-based choice and predictive learning. Surprisingly, visual attention showed the opposite pattern to confirmation bias, as participants were most likely to fixate on "missed opportunities", slightly dampening the effects of the confirmation bias we observed. Several million simulated experiments with artificial agents showed this bias to be a reward-maximizing strategy compared to several alternatives, but only if disconfirming feedback is not completely ignored—a condition that visual attention may help to enforce.


Todd Gitlin's T7ae Si,xties: Years of Hope, Days of Rage is a monumental achievement. Gitlin not only captures the spirit of a tumultuous era in U.S. history but also addresses the basic question Why did the movement &dquo;fail to sustain itself?&dquo; in a straightforward and honest way. The major strength of the book is its unusual combination of autobiographical reflection and historical analysis. As an active participant in the early New Left and president of Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) in 1963, Gitlin was in a unique position to critically evaluate the painful emergence and growth of the student/youth/civil rights/anti-war &dquo;movement&dquo; from its roots in the alienation of the late 1950s to its implosion, as he calls it, in the late 1960s. His intimate recollections of particular episodes, consequential decisions, and even specific conversations imbue the book with a vibrant tone and earthy sensitivity. Gitlin's descriptions of particular events and the individuals who helped shape them provides a lively dialogue with the past. His memoirs become a sort of magical mystery tour for those of us who shared the same experiences, fought similar if not identical battles, and savored the same fruits (both triumphs and defeats) of our collective efforts. Gitlin's thoughtful reflection, carefully crafted prose, and attention to detail make this book a real tour


Historical Studies.- Between War Profits and War Costs Krupp in the First World War.- Indicators of Real Effective Exchange Rates of Major Trading Nations from 1922 to 1937.- Reichsbank President Hjalmar Schacht and the Reparation Payments (1924-1930).- Cartels as a Form of Concentration in Industry: The Example of the International Dyestuffs Cartel from 1927 to 1939.- Reviews of Literature.- A Review of the New Literature on Business History.- A Review of the New Literature on Banking History.- Reports on Conferences.- Cooperation in the Form of Banking Consortia.- Socialized Companies - Yesterday - Today - Tomorrow.- Trends in the Savings Banks' Deposits-Taking Business.- The Private Customer.


Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen that can infect humans, especially meningitis. S. suis meningitis has been commonly diagnosed in Bali, which is associated with the consumption of raw pork. We reported case of S. suis meningitis that could have occurred due to the ingestion of undercooked pork during a traditional ceremony, which also involved two more patients with similar symptoms. A 62-year-old male was brought to the emergency unit because of decreased consciousness (Glasgow coma scale 14/15) in the last 8 hours before admission. He also had a headache, high fever, and stiff neck. Examination of cerebrospinal fluid revealed the presence of S. suis infection and was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. The patient was administered ceftriaxone and showed a clinical improvement on the third day without any hearing problem.


Charophytes possess the capacity to store large amounts of various elements, but until today no studies about known methods of determining CaCO3 and elements in charophytes have been conducted. Because of the large and varying amounts of CaCO3, it is difficult to estimate the actual element content in dry mass. Simple comparisons of elements in charophyte plant tissue or between charophytes and higher plants are impossible. The main aim of this study was to investigate through laboratory experiments content of carbonates and elements in charophyte tissue using different methods of decomposition (mineralization). The proposed protocol: determination of calcium carbonate content in plants, determination of elements present in the plant dry mass, and calculation of the element content in the plant dry mass as described.


Electronic device including wireless communication circuitry is provided. Wireless communication circuitry includes a radio frequency transceiver circuit coupled to the plurality of antennas. Signal strength measurements using an antenna is collected, and the signal intensity difference measurement corresponding thereto to reflect or indicate which of the antennas superior performance is generated. Signal strength difference values measured are filtered using different time-based averaging filter speeds. Measurements of the filtered difference corresponding thereto is compared with the antenna switching criteria, such as the antenna switching threshold. Antenna switching threshold is adjusted in real time based on using different filter speeds of calculating how much change as a function of time between measurements of the filtered differences are shown. Furthermore, by using the information on the mobile or other data device, adjustment of the threshold is performed. .FIELD 4


Rough set theory is a new mathematical tool to deal with imprecise, incomplete and inconsistent data. MDRBR algorithm improves efficiency of existing algorithms for mining default rules with support measure constraint. But MDRBR employs the uniform support measure threshold (denoted as sup) such that there exists following shortcoming: A lot of default rules are mined when the sup is very small; conversely, some important default rules that correspond to the sparse objects are filtered when the sup is high. This paper, introduces an algorithm of mining default rules based on variable support measure-MDRBVSM, which can efficiently improves the existing drawbacks of conventional algorithms for mining default rules. MDRBVSM effectively filter out noise and solves the problem of time-consuming of default rules. Experiment results show that the algorithm is practical.


This program is constructed based on review into the current literature of at-risk youth, literacy, and the drama therapeutic model of therapeutic theatre. Literacy is fused with therapeutic theatre in an original therapy program for use in schools with at-risk youth. Students who have low academic achievement may act out with negative behaviours, perpetuating a cycle that may eventually lead to loss of interest in school, or dropping out. Alternative visions of literacy are promoted in this research project to meet the students' immediate needs and help advance their situation, so that they experience success and achievement in a therapeutic milieu. Therapeutic theatre is an effective modality for at-risk youth because of the expected personal and social benefits that derive from such a group drama therapy experience with a final aesthetic goal and public performance. Youth will become more confident and empowered in the process. Feelings of success will transfer to other areas of life, helping participants to ultimately develop a more positive outlook on the future


Communication between artificial cells is essential for the realization of complex dynamical behaviors at the multi-cell level. It is also an important pre-requisite for modular systems design, as it determines how spatially separated functional modules can coordinate their actions. Among others, molecular communication is required for artificial cell signaling, for synchronization of cellular behaviors, for computation, group-level decision making processes and for pattern formation in artificial tissues. In this review, we will provide an overview of various recent approaches to create communicating artificial cellular systems. In this context, we will also describe important physicochemical boundary conditions that have to be considered for the design of the communicating cells, and we will give a survey of the most striking emergent behaviors that may be achieved in such systems.


A closed-form expression of the rocking response of a rigid block under a double impulse with arbitrary second impulse timing is derived by introducing a linear approximation in the equations of motion. While such linear approximation was unnecessary in the derivation of the maximum response in the case under the critical timing except the derivation of the critical timing (time up to the critical second impulse), this is necessary in the non-critical timing. The closed-form expression of the maximum angle of rotation is derived for two cases, i.e. Case (a): the second impulse before the impact on the ground, Case (b): the second impulse after the impact. It is demonstrated through numerical analyses that, although most closed-form expressions have reasonable accuracy, slight differences appear for the timings of the second impulse after the impact. It is also shown that such difference becomes smaller as the aspect ratio becomes larger.


Online services have become increasingly centralized, drawing on notions of the 'platform economy' to focus on ecosystem value rather than user value. In parallel, there have been efforts by developers to augment these platforms, empowering platform users in the process. We explored a 12-month participatory-action project, focusing on redesigning portions of Just Eat, an online aggregator for takeaway food ordering, building upon theoretical perspectives from public health and Digital Civics. We document our experiences in identifying user behaviours and motivations across multiple design workshops, including the design of a web-augmentation–based template to disrupt platform provider behaviours, empower service users and increase individual agency. Through this case study, we identify opportunities and mechanisms for platform modification, linking augmentation to adversarial design with outcomes that have the potential to improve the well-being of platform users.


nitrosamines N- nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and N- nitrosomorpholine (NMOR) as disinfection byproducts, and suspected human carcinogen; however, the knowledge about their behavior and fate in soils is limited. In this study, biodegradation, adsorption and desorption of NDMA, NMOR, and their precursors by soils were evaluated, by shaking water samples with soil samples in aerobic condition. NDMA, NMOR, and their precursors were desorbed from soils. NDMA was easily degraded by the microorganisms in soils, while NMOR was persistent. NDMA and NMOR were not adsorbed onto soils. The precursors of NDMA were partly removed by soils owing to degradation and/or adsorption, but some parts of them persistently remained in water samples.


We adopted the time domain method for T-wave alternans (TWA) measurement from BD Nearing and RL Verrier, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA, developed techniques for noise and artifact rejection, and made it more suitable for processing of ECG data, acquired with standard electrodes during exercise stress testing and Holter monitoring. New techniques are cubic alignment, nonlinear filtering, and intra class variability in the odd and even median beats. During the development stage 64 simulated ECGs with different amplitudes, heart rates, QT intervals, TWA levels, and different noise types and levels were used. With these ECGs the expected TWA values were known. Their agreement with the measured values was very high. In addition, we used 90 real Holter, 1416 bicycle and treadmill exercise test ECGs with annotated visible TWA episodes for development and verification of the TWA algorithm.


Ab initio molecular orbital calculations with an STO-3G basis have been performed to investigate the energetics and electronic properties of some 5-substituted uracils and their 4-OH tautomer forms with R including F, CH3, and OMe. In all cases, the diketo form is more stable. An excellent linear correlation between the calculated and experimental ionization potentials was found.


A cohort study, still in progress, of 265 118 adults aged 40 and above in 29 health centre districts in Japan, was begun in the autumn of 1965; it has shown that daily consumption of green-yellow vegetables significantly reduces the risk of cancers at all sites and of cancers at selected sites such as stomach and lung. The risk was seen to rise steadily with decreased intake of green-yellow vegetables. Mantel-extension chi tests on (1) crude, (2) age-standardized, (3) age-smoking-standardized, (4) age-meat-intake-standardized, and (5) age-social-class-standardized mortality rates for cancers at all sites and cancers of stomach and lung by frequency of green-yellow vegetable intake revealed a significant association and suggested a possible beneficial effect of beta-carotene intake in preventing major cancers in man. Successful intervention by such means appears to be attainable, since a greater than 25% decrease in mortality from stomach cancer was seen during the first five years in groups who increased the frequency of intake.


A previous JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods article1 briefly reviewed nonparametric statistics. Such statistical approaches represent the data using ranks of values rather than the observed values. This provides valid tests of significance, regardless of the underlying distributions of the values and without the need to posit parametric assumptions—thus the term "nonparametric statistics." In the May 26, 2020, issue of JAMA, Baxter and colleagues from the N-TA3CT Research Group2 used a nonparametric analysis known as the worst-rank score method in a manner that also captured information from missing data that could result from worsening of the patient's condition.


The tunnel between Zaoshan station and Licun station of Qingdao metro line 2is constructed under the Licun-river.The top of the tunnel which is located in the strongly weathered granite layer is covered by sand layer of high permeability and silt clay layer of impermeability.The construction safety must be ensured so that it would not destroy the upper natural aquifer.Five schemes of construction were put forward based on the geological conditions and construction experience.The tunnel excavation process was numerically simulated.Almost all of the factors that influence the deformation and the development of plastic zone of the surrounding rock were taken into account,including construction speed,excavation step distance,excavation method and supporting structures.The most suitable construction scheme was selected by analyzing the deformation regularity of the surrounding rock and comparing the curves of deformation at key locations and settlement at the top of the tunnel in each scheme.Furthermore,the construction parameters of the optimal scheme were secondly optimized according to the control indexes of the range of plastic zone of overlying rock,the settlement of the top and the convergence value of the sides.In the precondition of ensuring the water resisting effect of silt clay layer,the construction speed was greatly increased.Moreover,the construction method provides scientific basis and technical guidance for safe and rapid construction.


Abstract : Memory-based messaging, passing messages between programs using shared memory, is a recognized technique for efficient communication that takes advantage of memory system performance. However, the conventional operating system support for this approach is inefficient, especially for large scale multiprocessor interconnects, and is too complex to effectively support in hardware. This paper describes hardware and software optimizations for memory based messaging that efficiently exploit the mechanisms of the memory system to provide superior communication performance. We describe the overall model of optimized memory based messaging, its implementation in an operating system kernel and hardware support for this approach in a scalable multiprocessor architecture. The optimizations include address-valued signals, message oriented memory consistency and automatic signaling on write. Performance evaluations show these extensions provide a three-to-live-fold improvement in communication performance over a comparable software only implementation.


Received: October 12, 2020 Revised: October 21, 2021 Accepted: October 22, 2021 ORCID Myung-Hyup Oh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2792-1761 Won-Pyo Park https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6547-6240 Leaching experiments of bone-meal phosphorus (P) solubilization by the sulfur-oxidizing bacteria Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans was carried out using the shake-flask methodology. The effects of bone meal dosage, bio-sulfur (bio-S) concentration, and amount of bacterial inoculum on the efficiency of P solubilization were determined. The bone meal was dissolved in bacterially produced sulfuric acid to form "soluble P." An increase in concentration of bio-S as an energy substrate for the acidophilic A. thiooxidans increased the P solubilization efficiency. Upon addition of 5% bio-S, 10% bone meal, and 10% A. thiooxidans to the leach suspension, its pH dropped from 5.22 to 1.92 between days 30 and 40 of the leaching experiment; this resulted in an increase in water-soluble P concentration by 23.8 g P2O5 L -1. The soluble P concentration in the suspension from the bioleaching experiment was >20 times higher than that in conventional liquid bone-meal fertilizers. Inorganic nutrients, such as N, Ca, and Mg, were also solubilized in the suspension during the bioleaching experiment. The role of bio-S as an energy substrate for acidophilic bacteria to leach P from bone meal during formulation of biofertilizers could potentially be exploited in the management of crop nutrients in organic farming.


ABSTRACT Smell is one of the many senses we deploy to act in and on our world. It is arguably the most visceral, ubiquitous, and immediately experienced, but simultaneously devalued and understudied, sense. Smell is often processed in an unconscious manner, exposing social class, gendered, age-based and racialised stereotypes. Smell therefore links to structural inequalities, affecting marginalised client groups who may emit certain smells, abide in malodorous environments, possess smell deficits, or exhibit strong emotional reactions to specific smells. Without relevant knowledge, social workers may associate various smells directly with negative individual personality or group characteristics or misinterpret situations. They could consequently unwittingly oppress subordinated groups, contravening value-based, anti-oppressive and reflexive practice. This article therefore explores the limited multidisciplinary literature on smell, supporting more informed and ethical practice decisions. IMPLICATIONS The senses, particularly smell, have been mostly overlooked in social work. As a result, social workers may often ignore, be unaware of, or react autonomously to issues involving smell. The multidisciplinary literature analysed and synthesised in this article illuminates smell's, hitherto unrecognised, importance in social work. It begins to enable practitioners to identify when smell becomes a problematic issue, and reflexively respond in an informed, empathic manner. The article also strongly suggests that greater attention should be paid to smell in future social work education, practice, and research.


Abstract : Homeland Security and Homeland Defense affects all Americans, and all services. The purpose of this research is to shed light on the sourcing priorities for National Security capabilities by studying the C-27J Spartan aircraft procurement plan through a case study. A review of previous C-27J studies and research, published documents, news articles, and congressional testimony from military leaders is reviewed to lay the framework for analysis. The United States Air Force (USAF) core capabilities represented by the C-27J and the distinctive capabilities of Rapid Global Mobility and Agile Combat Support are discussed. This research of development and use of the C-27J as an indicator of how the Department of Defense (DOD), and specifically the USAF, sizes the force for Homeland Security and Homeland Defense requirements to support the National Security Strategy (NSS) emphasizes the relatively low prioritization of Homeland Security and Homeland Defense missions are given. The uncertain future of the C-27J program is also examined with a call for a re-evaluation of the program and its capabilities to fill National Security missions which will contribute to the decision-making process on the fate of the C 27J program.


The recent data suggest that there has been a steady increase in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD; Centers for Disease Control, 2012). This lifelong disorder has significant implications for families as they face the complexities of supporting their family members with ASD. Fortunately, the research literature suggests that families can benefit from training and access to parent-focused resources. The purpose of this paper is to describe a model used by one university-based autism center to establish systems of support for families of persons with ASD.


Wildfire is an understudied threat to biodiversity in many tropical landscapes, including island nations of the Pacific, such as The Republic of Palau—a global biodiversity hotspot with ridge-to-reef resources. Fires are known to occur on Palau's main island of Babeldaob, where they can result in increased erosion rates and sediment delivery to near-shore areas with impacts to streams and coral reefs. Fire-adapted native plant species are found in savanna habitats, but fires often extend into adjacent forest areas where they kill overstory trees. To assess this serious biodiversity and human health threat, we mapped wildland fires on Babeldaob Island using ground-based surveys and aerial photographs between 2012 and 2015, and satellite imagery between 2012 and 2021. Data on causal factors, vegetation type, and the presence of invasive species were collected between 2012 and 2015, with hunting, arson, and agricultural clearing being the principal causes of ignitions. Wildfires occurred in all months and in all 10 states of Babeldaob, and both numbers of wildfires and total burned area were substantially greater during dry seasons, with the highest totals occurring in the one El Niño drought year in our record. Overall, wildfires appear to have a minor impact on forest vegetation because they are largely confined to savanna systems, but rainfall on burned savanna is a major cause of erosion and the sedimentation of streams and near-shore habitats.


Potassium is among the three essential macronutrients for tea plants, along with nitrogen and phosphorous, and plays important roles in growth and stress response. Potassium is absorbed by plants in larger amounts than any other mineral element except nitrogen and, in some cases, calcium. At present, more than 59% of China's tea gardens are in a state of potassium deficiency, which negatively affects tea quality and yield. This paper reviews the effects of potassium deficiency on tea plant growth and stress response, details factors affecting potassium supply and demand in tea gardens, examines the interactions between potassium and other elements in soils, and provides strategies for optimizing potassium levels in soils. Potassium is positively correlated with the elements nitrogen, copper, and zinc. Sufficient potassium dramatically improves the yield and quality of tea: it accelerates metabolism, promotes synthesis of catechins, and strengthens biotic and abiotic resistance by activating and regulating different enzymes. Moderate application of potassium fertilizers, along with potassium-solubilizing bacteria, can regulate the ratio of different forms of potassium and increase available potassium in soils of tea gardens. We suggest that research on potassium occurring in soils and its interaction with other elements be strengthened, so as to improve the efficient use of potassium fertilizers in tea gardens and maintain the balance of elements in soils.


The invention relates to a paper money recognition method and device. The method includes that a terminal acquires a paper money image; the terminal analyzes the paper money image and acquires image feature information; the terminal acquires a paper money recognition result by comparing image feature information with preset image features. The device comprises an acquisition module, an analysis module and a comparison module. By the method and device, counterfeit money can be recognized accurately and timely, and normal life and market order are guaranteed.


1964-1973, Iran in 1980, Poland in 1981 and the Rainbow Warrior in 1985, the authors assess the impact of these exposed covert operations on international elites, and their reaction to those events with a view to assessing the current legitimacy of interventionism. The authors conclude that five or six important principles must be observed in legalizing the pro-active covert use of force. But it remains to be seen how the US will conduct such operations in the light of the demise of the Soviet Union. A further chapter deals with the emerging doctrine of countermeasures, which is replacing the right of non-belligerent reprisal or the right of state reprisal in peacetime. Countermeasures are deemed to be a legitimate response to economic and political wrongs, as well as military infractions, and so are more expansive and permissive in scope than non-belligerent reprisal. It is perhaps because of the Reagan administration's actions against Libya in 1986, the shooting down of the Iranian Airbus in the Persian Gulf in 1987 and the reaction to the sabotage of Pan Am 103, that the authors set down 10 necessary guidelines for future covert operations. The last of these is particularly interesting, since it states that "in contemplating any covert operation . . . assume that it will become public knowledge much sooner than you would like and decide if you can live with the consequences before you discover you have to" (143). This book deals with complex material and covers a lot of ground, but it is mandatory reading for those wishing to get to the heart of the question of managing covert activities.


The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic necessitates cost-effective, high-throughput, and timely genomic sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 viruses for outbreak investigations, identifying variants of concern (VoC), characterizing vaccine breakthrough infections, and public health surveillance. Additionally, the enormous demand of genomic sequencing on supply chains and the resulting shortages of laboratory supplies necessitate the use of low-reagent and low-consumable methods. Here, we report an optimized library preparation method where the same protocol can be used in a STAT scenario, from sample to sequencer in as little as eight hours, and a high-throughput scenario, where one technologist can perform 576 library preparations over the course of one 8-hour shift. This new method uses the Freed et al. 1200 bp primer sets (Biol Methods Protoc 5:bpaa014, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1093/biomethods/bpaa014) and a modified and truncated Illumina DNA Prep workflow (Illumina, CA, USA). Compared to the original, application of this new method in hundreds of clinical specimens demonstrated equivalent results to the full-length DNA Prep workflow at 45% the cost, 15% of consumables required (such as pipet tips), 25% of manual hands-on time, and 15% of on-instrument time if performing on a liquid handler, with no compromise in sequence quality. Results suggest that this new method is a rapid, simple, cost-effective, and high-quality SARS-CoV-2 whole genome sequencing protocol.


This paper reports modeling and experimental studies on the impact of dopant, defects, and mobility in W doped amorphous In2O3 for BEOL transistors. W doping in amorphous In2O3 is shown to suppress oxygen vacancy (Vo) and to donate electrons. Fundamental material parameters, including defect gap states and carrier mobilities, are characterized by a combined DFT modeling and experiment. The results provide useful information for developing an IWO device compact model, and further improving IWO channel device performance.


Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is a promising class of sorbent materials for swing adsorption gas separation. However, although sorption kinetics plays a major role in column breakthrough experiments, it is rarely studied with MOF materials. This is largely because the synthesis of uniform, yet separation relevant MOFs is a challenging task. Here, we report a dual-modulation approach for the synthesis of well-defined Mg-MOF-74 hexagonal rods with extremely uniform size distribution (polydispersity index = 1.02). Through epitaxial growth and wet chemical etching, uniform hollow Ni-MOF-74 with plate-shaped caps were obtained. CO2 adsorption kinetic study shows that hollow Ni-MOF-74 exhibits 54% faster diffusion rate compared to solid Ni-MOF-74 due to shortened diffusion length despite their identical CO2 uptake capacity. This has led to a 21% extension of column breakthrough time during CO2/N2 separation under identical condition.


According to the data provided by the Federal Treasury of Russia, in H1 2014 federal budget revenues kept growing and accounted for 21.1% of GDP, gaining 1.1 p.p. of GDP over the level observed during the corresponding period of the previous year. At the same time, during the period between January and May of the current year consolidated budget revenues of the constituent territories of the Russian Federation as percentage of GDP stop shrinking, which has been observed since the beginning of the year1, and remained at 12.6% of GDP observed within the fi rst fi ve months in 2013. At the end of the period of January to June of the current year the federal budget ran a surplus of 1.9% of GDP; in addition, a positive balance was reached s a result of the execution of the consolidated budget of the constituent territories of t he Russian Federation in the period between January and May 2014, 1.1% of GDP. Therefore, the Russian Federation is currently showing positive dynamics of the key parameters of the Russian budget system, which implies that budget sustainability isn't exposed to material risks in the short run (a few months to come). However, the status of the Russian budget system doesn't seem to be optimistic in the mid run. The Main Trends in the Budget Policy in 2015 and the Planning Period of 2016 and 2017 (hereinafter – "the MTBP-2015") were published on the offi cial website of the Ministry of Finance of Russia in July 2014, in which the budget system is anticipated to run a defi cit from 1.0% of GDP in 2014 to 1.5% of GDP in 2017.


Based on the position of zero entries. it determines the extreme value of the permeant of (0,1) -matrices where the total number of 0's is n+1. It presents the maximum value, the second largest value and the third largest value of permanents, and finds the matrices which can be used to attain these extreme values.


The Kiliani reaction, i.e. the elongation of the carbon chain by means of cyanide addition to the carbonyl group of carbohydrate derivatives, is studied on lower C3-, C4- and C6-ketoses under continuous flow conditions. Depending on the process parameters, the corresponding cyanohydrins or α-hydroxycarboxylic acids are obtained. A simple on-line purification of the effluent is studied using cation exchange resins. Reactions provide high yields and selectivity within short residence times, emphasizing the assets of the continuous flow process versus the batch process.


To examine the extent to which protein structure and tissue‐type influence glycosylation, we have determined the oligosaccharide structures at each of the three glycosylation sites (Asn‐23, 74 and 98) of the cell surface glycoprotein Thy‐1 isolated from rat brain and thymus. The results show that there is tissue‐specificity of glycosylation and that superimposed on this is a significant degree of site‐specificity. On the basis of the site distribution of oligosaccharides, we find that no Thy‐1 molecules are in common between the two tissues despite the amino acid sequences being identical. We suggest, therefore, that by controlling N‐glycosylation a tissue creates an unique set of glycoforms (same polypeptide but with oligosaccharides that differ either in sequence or disposition). The structures at each of the three sites were also determined for the thymocyte Thy‐1 that binds to lentil lectin (Thy‐1 L+) and for that which does not (Thy‐1 L‐). Segregation of intact thymus Thy‐1 into two distinct sets of glycoforms by lentil lectin was found to be due to the structures at site 74. Analysis of oligosaccharide structures at the 'passenger' sites (23 and 98) suggests that either Thy‐1 L+ and Thy‐1 L‐ molecules are made in different cell‐types or that the biosynthesis of oligosaccharides at one site is influenced by the glycosylation at other sites.


[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of vaccine-preventable diseases from 2004 to 2008 in Dalian city so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention of the diseases.[Methods]Epidemic data of hepatitis B and measles in Dalian city from 2004 to 2008 were analyzed.[Results]The incidence of hepatitis B in 2008 decreased obviously compared with 2004.The incidence of measles in 2005 increased than that in 2004 with a decrease yearly after 2006(P0.01).The average incidence of hepatitis B in urban,suburbs and rural areas was 20.16/100 000,34.60/100 000 and 18.36/100 000 respectively,and the average incidence of measles was 0.86/100 000,2.63/100 000 and 0.37/100 000 respectively(P0.01).The incidence of measles mainly involved in second quarter,accounting for 81.35% of the total.The average incidence of hepatitis B in male and female was 33.88/100 000 and 12.30/100 000(P0.01),and the average incidence of measles in male and female was 1.13/l00 000 and 1.06/100 000(P0.05).The highest incidence of hepatitis B was reported in the people aged from 20 to 44,and the highest incidence of measles was reported in children aged under 1.[Conclusion]The incidence of hepatitis B and measles decreased obviously from 2004 to 2008 in Dalian city.


Two studies describe how students' reactions are affected by the physical attractiveness and nonverbal behavior of a teacher. In the first experiment, 9- and 13-year-old students watched a videotaped session given by a female teacher. A physical attractiveness stereotype was found in ratings of the teacher; a teacher who looked attractive was rated as more competent and better able to stimulate and motivate students that when she looked unattractive. The second experiment used fifth-grade children who participated individually in a lesson given by a female teacher. Close behaviors by a teacher (eye contact, leaning forward, smiling, and head nods) produced more positive ratings than distant behaviors by the same teacher (little eye contact, leaning away, frowning, and side to side head movements). No effects on academic performance measures were found in either study due to teacher characteristics.


Simulations provide highly interactive experiences in which users can learn a variety of skills and competencies in a situated and active learning environment. Pedagogic scaffolding within simulations has typically been an after taught of the design process. To promote "serious learning" in simulations, this pedagogic scaffolding must be an implicit part of the design process. To support pedagogic diversity in simulations, a further requirement for adaptivity is introduced. This makes the existing simulation composition process even more cognitively complex. This paper illustrates and describes a composition tool for designing and implementing dialectic based simulations.


Background: Depression is a major neuropsychiatric complication of stroke. Poststroke depression (PSD) can lead to inadequate functional recovery, social withdrawal, poor quality of life, and suicidal ideations. Objective: The study explored the PSD among stroke survivors. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 151, purposively selected rural stroke survivors of Kozhikode district, Kerala, India. Patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to assess PSD. Results: The age of participants ranged from 28 to 80 years with a mean (standard deviation) age of 64.58 (10.3) years. The majorities of the participants were males (53.6%), had an ischemic stroke (76.2%), and had left-sided brain lesions (75.5%). The median (interquartile range) depression scores on PHQ-9 were 9 (12–6). Most of the participants had either mild (47%), moderate (21.2%), or moderately severe depression (11.9%). Low energy, sleep disturbances, low self-esteem, and anhedonia were the common depressive symptoms experienced by the stroke survivors. Conclusions: High prevalence of undiagnosed depression remains as a significant challenge to primary care.


In ordinary space the freedom of twisted cubic curves is 12, so that a finite number of such curves can be drawn to satisfy a set of 12 independent conditions. The aim of the present paper is to determine this number in all the possible cases which arise by combination of elementary conditions of certain types. These types are three in number, and are as follows:- ( a ) The simple condition that the curve should meet a line. We shall denote this condition by the symbol l . ( b ) The double condition of meeting a given line in two points, or of having the line as a chord; this we denote by B. ( c ) The double condition of passing through an assigned point, which we denote by P.


Liu Rong was an influential statesman and a writer in late Qing.He thought Fang Bao as "authentic literature",and the Tongcheng school had a greater impact on him,but he could be inclusive of other's Strengths for his own use.At the relationship between Wen and Dao,he did not conform to Tongcheng law,advocating enrichment of Tongcheng's moral principles by economic learning.In theory,he paid attention to literary and artistic characteristics and promoted "Shu Chang" in the text.Therefore,his ideas were more open and practical.However,the traditional burden on Liu Rong was so heavy that it made him not find the new road in theory and creativity to adapt to modern social transformation.It was a common problem of modern writers of the Tongcheng school in process of Classical Chinese tradition transiting to modern.


This paper presents a novel approach for legal document summarization. Proposed approach is based on Ripple-Down Rules (RDR). It is an incremental knowledge acquisition method. RDR allows us to quickly build an extendable knowledge base using classification rules. The classification rules are written using a set of features. Summary is generated using the identified rhetorical roles in the document. Experiments demonstrate that the RDR based Legal Document summarization approach outperforms the supervised and unsupervised machine learning models.


Objectives The study aimed to investigate the variation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels following acute exercise in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Patients and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with 88 participants (25 males, 63 females; mean age: 45.1±8.3 years; range, 18 to 65 years) between July 2020 and May 2021. Of the participants, 44 were RA patients, and 44 were age-and sex-matched healthy controls. Aerobic exercise was utilized in all participants for a single session. Depression and anxiety levels were evaluated with the Beck Depression Inventory and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Blood samples were collected from all subjects before and immediately after the intervention. Results Serum BDNF levels (both baseline and after exercise) were similar in the RA and control groups. Although serum BDNF levels significantly decreased in both groups after aerobic exercise (Wilcoxon rank p<0.05), ΔBDNF levels were significantly higher in the RA group than in the control group (p=0.047). Additionally, ΔBDNF levels were significantly correlated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores in the RA group (p<0.05) but not in the control group. Conclusion A single bout of exercise may effectively decrease serum BDNF levels in patients with RA and healthy subjects. The long-term effect of exercise on BDNF levels should be investigated in prospective studies.


The effects of 3 muscle relaxants on the blood circulation were studied in pentobarbitone anaesthetized dogs. Tubocurarine steeply decreased aortic pressure and cardiac output. Pancuronium and succinylcholine had only minor effects upon the haemodynamics. As pancuronium has a longer duration of action it was considered more useful than succinylcholine in experimental work with dogs.


Recently, pyroelectric IR sensor has received a great deal of attention in IR imaging field, because of its broad spectrum response and uncooling properties. A critical component in the pyroelectric IR sensor is the sense organ, which consists of the ferroelectric thin film in a certain shape and its up-down electrodes. In this paper, the preparation, structure and electric properties of the sensor materials were studied. Through semiconductor lithograph arts, the ferroelectric thin films was micropattered successfully by the chemical etch and the electrodes were shaped by lift-off techniques.This study is very important for the application of ferroelectric thin films in IR sensor.


The growing capacity of neural networks has strongly contributed to their success at complex machine learning tasks and the computational demand of such large models has, in turn, stimulated a significant improvement in the hardware necessary to accelerate their computations. However, models with high latency aren't suitable for limited-resource environments such as hand-held and IoT devices. Hence, many deep learning techniques aim to address this problem by developing models with reasonable accuracy without violating the limited-resource constraint. In this work, we use a one-shot neural architecture search model to implicitly evaluate the performance of an intractable number of multipath neural networks. Combining this architecture search with a pruning technique and architecture sample evaluation, we can model the relation between the accuracy and the latency of a spectrum of models with graded complexity. We show that our method can accurately model the relative performance between models with different latencies and predict the performance of unseen models with good precision across different datasets.


By using analytical methods to discuss the function φ(a 2(n))and its extended form of mean,a series of regular results are obtained,among which φ(n) is Euler function,a 2(n)is the square root F.Smarandache sequence.


The research aims to identify the effect of the integrative relationship between the system used in planning the resources in the hotels and the operations of accounting for open records and their relationship to the quality of information obtained from the accounting records throughout the year 2020. To do so, the descriptive research method that describes the phenomenon is utilized. The research shows that the accounting system for open records on the hotels depends on the integration into the project resource planning system in the company to overcome the problem of difficulty and complexity in data management. The lack of comprehensiveness of information, as well as of the systems related to planning the resources for the project, is one of the most important factors that impacts the success of the application of accounting for open records can lead to information on project costs and other available information. The companies under research have a high level of awareness that the use of the open records system will lead to numerous benefits both for the companies and the workers. The focus of this study is on a high level of awareness of the importance of the project resource planning system.


In a previous article we had proved an algebraicity result for the central critical value for L-functions for GL(n) x GL(n-1) over Q assuming the validity of a nonvanishing hypothesis involving archimedean integrals. The purpose of this article is to generalize that result for all critical values for L-functions for GL(n) x GL(n-1) over any number field F. Binyong Sun has recently proved that nonvanishing hypothesis and so the results of this article are unconditional. Using such results for the case of GL(3) x GL(2), new unconditional algebraicity results for the special values of symmetric cube L-functions for GL(2) over F have been proved.


As the new technological revolution develops quickly in the age of knowledge economy, the demand for large numbers of high quality talents is growing rapidly all over the world. In order to educate a group of competitive workers, it is necessary to carry out a series of reforms in higher education institutes. The promotion of the employment-oriented reform in higher education institutes is the realistic and rational choice to respond to the global employment competition and the key measure to meet the multiple needs of the labor market. It is also the inevitable requirement for coping with the increasing flexibility of enterprises.


We recently demonstrated a new process for the formation of partially spherical structures as an omnidirectional antireflection coating (omni-AR). In this paper, we report the simulation results of the angular and spectral dependences of the total reflectivity on various microstructured surfaces based on the rigorous coupled-wave analysis. Close to zero reflection can be achieved in these microstructured surfaces over an extended spectral region for large ranges of light incident angles. The impact of feature size, density, shape, and refractive index has all been investigated. The experimental results agree reasonably well with the theoretical work. Such an omni-AR structure offers an attractive solution to current crystalline silicon solar cells, as well as future thin film, quantum dot, and organic solar cells.


Cyclodextrins (CDs) were found to initiate ring-opening polymerizations of lactones selectively to give polyesters in high yields, although lactones did not give any polymers under the same conditions in the absence of CD. The order of the polymer yield of β-butyrolactone (β-BL) with CDs is α-CD ≅ β-CD ≫ γ-CD > no CD. On the other hand, that of δ-valerolactone (δ-VL) is β-CD > γ-CD ≫ α-CD ≅ no CD. The yields of the polyesters depend on the cavity size of CDs and structures of lactones, indicating that the reaction took place via inclusion of lactones in the CD cavity. The β-CD−adamantane inclusion complex did not show any polymerization activity for δ-VL under the same conditions because adamantane is strongly included in the cavity of β-CD to inhibit formation of the inclusion complex between β-CD and δ-VL. The included lactones in the CD cavity are activated by the formation of hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl group of CDs and the carbonyl oxygen of lactones in the initiation step, which was observed...


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a semiconductor chip in which completely sufficient test is enabled easily without applying a load to circuit constitution of a main body, a semiconductor device mounting the chip, and a method for manufacturing the semiconductor device. SOLUTION: This semiconductor chip is provided with terminals 3 for test which are linked with wiring 2 stretched from the device body 4 and connected with a test apparatus 14, and terminals 5 for circuit constitution which are branched and linked from the wiring 2 with which the terminals 3 are connected and which are connected with other circuit elements. COPYRIGHT: (C)2002,JPO


Part 1 Preface with Acknowledgments and Credits Part 2 Introduction Chapter 3 Chapter 1: Adult Learners: Unique Audience, Unique Opportunity Chapter 4 Chapter 2: Soul-Searches to Socials: Types of Museum Programs Being Offered to Adult Learners Chapter 5 Chapter 3: Program Planners' Perspectives Chapter 6 Chapter 4: The Instructor's Perspective Chapter 7 Chapter 5: Program Participants Speak Out Chapter 8 Chapter 6: Designing Excellent Learning Experiences: A Twelve-Step Program Part 9 Appendixes Part 10 References Part 11 Index Part 12 About the Authors


The invention provides an inspection robot for a transformer substation. The inspection robot comprises two first step motors, two steering brackets, two front wheels, two second step motors, two rear wheels, two rear suspensions, two rear supporting frames, two spiral springs, a bottom plate, an electric control device, a first electric cylinder, a second electric cylinder and a first sleeve, wherein the bottom plate is a rectangular flat plate; the two first step motors are vertically downwards fixed to the two sides of the front end of the bottom plate; the two steering brackets are separately fixed below motor shafts of the two first step motors; the front wheels are mounted in the steering brackets; and the front wheels are driven by the second step motors mounted on the side surfaces of the steering brackets. The inspection robot can pitch and lift a telescopic pole in a two-stage mode, can lift a binocular camera and an infrared temperature detector to a relatively great height, and can carry out close-range temperature measuring and parameter reading on electrical equipment at a relatively high position, so that obtained data is more accurate.


The cerebrospinal fluid tap test for idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is one of the good predictors of the shunt treatment, although this test has a low sensitivity. We aimed to identify key parameters that could be used to improve this sensitivity.


In this paper the degree-day mass balance model is applied to the sensitivity test of mass balance /ELAto climate change of the Glacier No.1 at the Urumqi river head, Tianshan Mts. Results demonstrate that mass balance of a continental type glacier with warm season accumulation as the Glacier No.1 is less sensitive than that of a maritime type glacier. On the glacier air temperature rise of 1℃ or precipitation increase by 20% can cause the ELAshifting 81 m up or 31 m down. Air temperature and precipitation play different roles in mass balance, i.e. elevation-dependent mass balance follows the temperature variation by means of rotation against the elevation axis and it shifts parallel to precipitation change. Assuming a future temperature rise of 2 ℃ the minus mass balance trend of the glacier can not be reversed even if precipitation increases by 30%.


A deep-level transient-conductance spectrometer for high-resistivity semiconductors, using a radiofrequency (∼40 MHz) marginal oscillator as a conductance detector, is described. Spectra are generated by periodically filling deep-level trapping centres with carriers stimulated by a pulsed GaAs laser, and processing the trap-emptying conductance signal through an exponential Miller correlator as the sample temperature is slowly ramped. Simple capacitive coupling of samples to the oscillator tank circuit eliminates problems such as unwanted defect annealing and other material changes often associated with the high-temperature techniques necessary for ohmic contact formation. Representative deep-level spectra are given for semi-insulating Bridgman-grown CdTe.


The aerodynamic uncertainties in the reusable rocket engine turbopumps due to randomness in their cryogenic environment are investigated. The probabilistic simulation of the turbopumps' aerodynamic response was accomplished using the panel method coupled with Fast Probability Integration methods. The results are presented for the probabilistic rotor blades and splitter loading and their sensitivity to specified flow coefficient and rotor preswirl variance.


In the debates about Marx's value theory this 'Transformation Problem' played a major role. Meanwhile it's only a topic among lefties that have some interest in Marxist theory. Going into 'Transformation Problem' beyond the pure reading of Capital is extraordinarily important, as nearly all contributions relating to this topic during the past century created huge hurdles for the understanding of the coherence and consistency of the 'capitalist way of production' and, overall, contributed to kill Capital as an economic theory.


The photoelectrochemical behavior of passive films on Co has been studied as a function of the polarizing voltage and electrolyte composition. Passive layers formed at 0 V (standard hydrogen electrode, SHE) in 0.1 M NaOH consisted of Co(OH) 2 , whose bandgap value has been found to be 1.85 eV. Higher bandgap values (2.75 eV) have been measured for passive films formed in borate buffer at 0 V (SHE), which are mainly consist of CoO. The Eg values have been related to the film composition on the basis of a correlation between the bandgap of passive films and the electronegativity of their constituents.


In an age dominated by technological advancement, companies looking to store large amounts of information have turned away from metal filing cabinets and toward electronic databases. This is especially true of health care providers (HCPs) and payers that possess personal information relating to millions of individuals. While this method of storing and sharing information is convenient, it has also created opportunities for hackers to illegally access individuals' personal information. In fact, according to experts in the field of data security, "there are now only two types of companies left in the United States: those that have been hacked and those that don't know they've been hacked."1 Just this year, Anthem suffered a breach that compromised the security of 80 million customers' medical records.2 To date, the Anthem breach has prompted the filing of more than ninety class actions.3 Similarly, in 2013, four unencrypted laptops containing personal information on over 4 million people were stolen from Advocate Health Care.4 That breach was also followed by a class-action lawsuit.5 The list of health care companies that have been subject to class actions resulting from data breaches is plentiful. Many of these cases have ended in multi-million dollar settlements.6 Initially—and still to a certain extent—courts have been reluctant to allow these kinds of class actions to go forward. They reason that, although there has been a data breach, the class-action plaintiffs have failed to prove Article III standing because they have not suffered actual injuries.7 However, this trend of dismissal has diminished as more courts have allowed data-breach class actions to proceed.8 Given that data breaches will likely increase before they decrease, HCPs and payers should consider ways to cope with the financial ramifications posed by related class actions. Obviously, any company's first line of defense should be to implement an effective data-security policy. However, doing this takes months—maybe even years, depending on the size of the company. Even with a valid policy in effect, unfortunately, companies still might be subject to an unexpected breach. Rather than rely on the coin-flip possibility that courts will dismiss class actions, HCPs and payers could be proactive by incorporating arbitration clauses with class-action waivers into their contracts with customers and patients.


3D Human Computer Interaction (HCI) becomes more and more popular thanks to the emergence of commercial depth cameras. Moreover, hand gestures provide a natural and attractive alternative to cumbersome interface devices for HCI. In this paper, we present an Image-to-Class Dynamic Time Warping (I2C-DTW) approach for 3D hand gesture recognition. Themain idea is that we divide the time-series curve of a 3D hand gesture into various finger combinations, called `fingerlets', which can either be learned or be set manually to represent each gesture and to capture inter-class variations. Furthermore, the I2C-DTW approach searches for the minimal path to warp two fingerlets, which are fromone test image and the specific class, respectively. Then the gesture recognition is to use the ensemble of multiple image-to-class DTW distance of fingerlets to obtain better performance. The proposed approach is evaluated on two 3D hand gesture datasets and the experiment results show that the proposed I2C-DTW approach significantly improves the recognizing performance.


Linear differential equation systems with constant coefficients and a constant delay which have a finite number of eigenvalues are considered. Systems in such form have called systems with a weak delay. Necessary and sufficient conditions of a weak delay are obtained. The solution of Cauchy's task is obtained in explicit form for systems on the plane and for systems in triangular form in three-dimensional space.


A muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia) planting was established in 1996 at the Southwest Research and Extension Center in Hope, Ark., to provide information on the performance of muscadine grape cultivars in a region where cold hardiness is not a major limitation. This research evaluated harvest parameters, fruit and juice quality, and nutraceutical potential of selected muscadine cultivars grown in southwestern Arkansas. The cultivars evaluated were 'Black Beauty', 'Carlos', 'Cowart', 'Doreen', 'Early Fry', 'Fry', 'Granny Val', 'Ison', 'Jumbo', 'Late Fry', NC67A015-17, NC67A015-26, 'Nesbitt', 'Scarlett', 'Southern Home', 'Sterling', 'Sugargate', 'Summit', 'Supreme', and 'Tara'. Muscadine cultivars differed in productivity and fruit quality. In 2002 and 2003, juice was produced from 'Carlos', 'Granny Val', 'Ison', 'Nesbitt', 'Southern Home', 'Summit', and 'Supreme' grapes. 'Black Beauty' was also produced into juice in 2003. In 2002, 'Nesbitt' grapes had the highest juice yield, 520 L·t–1 (124.6 gal/ton). 'Ison' and 'Supreme' juice had the highest soluble solids level. In 2003, 'Granny Val' grapes had the highest juice yield, 551 L·t –1 (132.0 gal/ton). 'Southern Home' juice had the highest soluble solids. The press materials of muscadine grapes were a potential source of high levels of nutraceutical compounds. Dried seeds had the highest total phenolic and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) levels followed by the dried skins, the grapes, and then the juice. The skins of the black cultivars had the highest total anthocyanins level. 'Supreme' seeds had the highest total phenolic and ORAC levels while 'Ison' skins had the highest total anthocyanin levels. Based on yield, harvest, and juice quality, cultivars recommended to growers in southwestern Arkansas and other areas with a similar climate include 'Black Beauty', 'Carlos', 'Fry', 'Granny Val', 'Nesbitt', 'Southern Home', 'Summit', and 'Supreme'.


Lane keeping assistance system is a widely used driving assistance system. When the vehicle enters and exits a curve, the responses related to lateral stability will show significant fluctuations. Smooth lane keeping is the cornerstone of the user's trust towards the lane keeping assistance, and it is important to smooth the responses related to lateral stability. Therefore, in this paper, a lane keeping control strategy that can achieve smooth steering operation is proposed. First of all, the lateral dynamics model that can be used for lane keeping control conveniently is established. In addition, with the model predictive control (MPC), the control strategy for lane keeping is designed. The main control objective is lateral stability, and performance variables are used to measure the performance during lane keeping process. What's more, the contribution of this paper is that a reference trajectory in the form of an exponential decay function is set for the performance variables, so that the performance variables approach the optimal value in a smooth manner. Finally, two simulation scenarios for lane keeping are set up, and the control strategy in this paper is verified by simulation experiments.


Six hundredeighteen S pneumoniae strains were identified. Of these, 66% came from adults and 48% frominvasive diseases. Only 1.9% of strains were penicillin resistant and 7.6% had intermediatesensibility. Strains isolated from children and those isolated from non sterile sources had nonsignificantly higher resistance levels. The susceptibility did not change along the years of thestudy.


1 Cytosolic Ca2+ has been proposed to act as both a positive and a negative feedback signal on the inositol trisphosphate (InsP3) receptor. However, it is unclear how this might affect the Ca2+ response in vivo. 2 Mouse pancreatic acinar cells were whole‐cell patch clamped to record the Ca2+‐dependent chloride (Cl(Ca)) current spikes and imaged to record the cytosolic Ca2+ spikes elicited by the injection of Ins(2,4,5)P3. Increasing concentrations of Ca2+ buffer (up to 200 μm EGTA or BAPTA) were associated with the appearance of steps in the current activation phase and a prevalence of smaller‐amplitude Cl(Ca) spikes. Imaging experiments showed that with increased buffer the secretory pole cytosolic Ca2+ signal became fragmented and spatially discrete Ca2+ release events were observed. 3 At higher buffer concentrations (200‐500 μm), increasing concentrations of EGTA increased spike frequency and reduced spike amplitude. In contrast, BAPTA decreased spike frequency and maintained large spike amplitudes. 4 We conclude that, during InsP3‐evoked spiking, long‐range Ca2+ feedback (∼2–4 μm) shapes the rising phase of the Ca2+ signal by acting to co‐ordinate discrete Ca2+ release events and short‐range (∼40 nm) Ca2+ feedback acts to inhibit further Ca2+ release.


Since local sensing system is inherently limited, it is a trend to combine Cooperative Vehicle Infrastructure System (CVIS) and autonomous driving technologies to address the limitations of the vehicle-centric perception. However, problems such as high vehicle cost and perception limitations still exist. In this paper, from the perspective of distributed cooperative processing, a scalable 5G multi-access edge computing (MEC) driven vehicle infrastructure cooperative system is proposed. Based on the edge offload capability of 5G MEC, this system supports mapping sensor observations into a semantic description of the vehicle's environment. Through interactive perception fusion, it provides environment awareness of high-precision maps for autonomous driving. The experiment confirms that the cooperative sensing network can achieve 33 fps and improve the detection precision by around 10% as opposed to the typical detection method. In addition, compared with single viewpoint perception, the accuracy of the fusion scheme is further improved. In particular, over the 5G telecommunication network, the cooperative system can be more scalable to connect distributed sensors and is expected to lead to efficient autonomous driving.


DEAR EDITOR,

We read the paper by Agampodi et al., entitled "Do people Know Adequately about Leptospirosis? A Knowledge Assessment Survey in Post-outbreak Situation in Sri Lanka"[1] with great interest. First of all, we reach the manuscript by NCBI service of Pub-Med. In the conclusion section of the paper, as seen in the summary on Pub-Med, there is a statement "Although there is not adequate information on MDD prevalence in some areas of Iran, the overall current prevalence of MDD in the country is high and females are at the greater risk of disease". According to us this statement is copied here from another paper inadvertently by miswriting or technical error etc. The (incorrect knowledge about) paper "Sadeghirad B et al., Epidemiology of major depressive disorder in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Prev Med 2010 Spring;1:81-91" must be corrected immediately. Because Pub-Med is one of the most commonly used electronic library sources and one of the best important references for medical professionals and authors in the world.

We congratulate the authors due to represent their experiences in this survey study about leptospirosis cases which causes significant morbidities and even death due to the heavy rains in Sri Lanka, knowledge and attitudes to leptospirosis symptoms, reservoir and vectors, important risk factors, method for protection in different regions. According to the survey results, 14% of the subjects do not know the cardinal symptom of "fever" and 70% of the subjects do not know the symptoms of weakness, myalgia which may occur frequently in this disease. Another important point is, 97% of the subjects in the survey think that rats are the only vector for leptospirosis. But in fact most of the subjects do not know that the buffalo and cattle are also vectors for leptospirosis.[1]

This survey study reflects the knowledge, attitudes and manners of the study group about leptospirosis. But in fact, nowadays around the world, knowledge about leptospirosis is usually insufficient or wrong even among some healthcare professionals. Misinformation of "Jaundice is prerequisite for leptospirosis" is one of the most important one about leptospirosis. In reality, jaundice seems only in 5–10% of the patients with leptospirosis. This misinformation is one of the products of classical medical education and training.[2] Any leptospirosis case was not reported in our hospital (in Istanbul- TR), which is a third-step hospital, during the previous 20-year period. In 2005 we developed a form named as "leptospirosis diagnosis and follow-up form" to be able to catch probable leptospirosis cases. This form was composed of one sheet - two faces. This form includes important laboratory findings as well as pathognomonic clinical symptoms. After that form, 22 cases were diagnosed as leptospirosis in just six months, despite the fact that this diagnosis was never reported during the previous 20 years in the same hospital.[3]

Leptospirosis became an important disease as one of the leading causes (24-32%) of acute renal failure (ARF) in Thailand and Singapore[4] and nearly one-third of ARFs in India.[5,6] Leptospirosis with its common popularity and widespread reported diagnosis gained importance all over the world. For example, in India, not only infectious disease specialists but also respiratory disease specialists, ophthalmologists, internal medicine, nephrology, neurology, hepatology specialists and family practitioners' agenda is occupied with that disease. Studies to develop vaccine and immune-biological studies against leptospirosis gained more importance in research centers. The reason for awareness of leptospirosis in India is heavy rains and flooding, chronic infrastructure problems, absence or poor sanitary sewerage, potable and utility water problems.[7–9]

In spite of developments, even in hyperendemic regions like Sri Lanka there is deficiency in people's knowledge and attitudes about leptospirosis. For example 60% of the people in Agampodi's study were not aware of chemoprophylaxis.[1] One of the most important results of this study is by Agombadi et al. denied effect of doxycycline which is the well known and agreed prophylaxis agent by healthcare professionals where from the "Panama channel experience" at 1984.[10,11] It is obvious that we need at least more characterization and more studies to obtain the ideal prophylaxis agent and regimens regarding leptospirosis chemoprophylaxis.


Stegosaurs were not built for rapid locomotion. Instead of fleeing from predators, they probably used their spiked tails as 'thagomizers' for defense. Kinetic/dynamic modeling in a computer-aided engineering program allows either using prescribed joint motions to determine joint forces or torque input models that deliver accelerations and moment of inertia of the tail tip spikes. Prescribed motion models based on a CAD range of motion analysis of Kentrosaurus and motions observed in extant long-tailed reptiles give results consistent with those of models using torque values calculated from detailed CAD reconstruction of muscle cross sections and moment arms. Both indicate that the tail of Kentrosaurus was a dangerous weapon, capable of inflicting painful slashing injuries and debilitating penetrating trauma, even on large theropods, across a large portion of its motion range. Continuous rapid motion was at least sufficient for the spikes to slash open the integument or penetrate soft tissues and fracture ribs or facial bones, while aimed whiplash blows may have had sufficient energy to fracture sturdy longbones. Heinrich Mallison. Museum für Naturkunde Leibniz Institute for Research on Evolution and Biodiversity at the Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany. firstname.lastname@example.com


AbstractTwo commercial polymer matrices were prepared : the hydrophilic macromolecular polyvinyl alcohol-povidone type and the hydrophobic microseal silastic silicone type. Different blends of the penetration enhancers Azone, 2-Pyrol and M-Pyrol in glycerine were incorporated with the drug, levodopa. The in-vitro dissolution of drug from these matrices and its diffusion through a semi-permeable membrane were measured. Results show that povidone polymers released 10 times more levodopa than did silicone polymers. The penetration enhancers significantly increased the rate of release of drug.


A Met Office Hadley Centre regional climate model, HadRM3P, is used to dynamically downscale the NOAA Twentieth Century Reanalysis, version 2c (20CRv2c), to generate a fine-resolution reconstruction of China's climate from 1851 to 2010. The downscaled dataset has a small warm and seasonal wet bias (1.4°C; 0.9 mm day−1) relative to recent observations but otherwise represents spatial and temporal trends realistically. Analysis focused on temperature and precipitation shows that downscaling 20CRv2c is found to improve its representation of China's climatological annual cycle, particularly over areas with sparse observational coverage such as the Tibetan Plateau. The downscaled dataset better represents the interannual variability and trends in observed temperature since 1901 and suggests that China has experienced a significant and sustained increase in temperature of 0.05°C (10 yr)−1since the 1850s. Chinese precipitation trends have not changed significantly in the recent past or over the past 160 years. This analysis serves as an initial yet imperative step toward improving in-depth understanding of the characteristics and multidecadal drivers of high-impact events over China such as heat waves, droughts, and extreme precipitation.


We introduce Game2Learn, an innovative way to teach introductory programming using games. Through an iterative development process, we are designing an educational framework that is more relevant and familiar to students' experiences, resulting in a game that will appeal to a broad audience and can improve student engagement, satisfaction, and skill transfer, particularly for women and other underrepresented minorities in computer science. In this paper, we discuss our first round of rapid prototyping, which explores different game and interface possibilities through two prototypes. Evaluations of these prototypes provide evidence that a game for learning programming can be fun, engaging and satisfying for students, and that a game can present programming concepts through a variety of formats and storylines. 1. INTRODUCTION goal of the Game2Learn Research Lab is to improve recruiting and retention in computer science through immersing computing instruction in game-based learning environments. We hypothesize that teaching introductory programming using a multiplayer online role-playing game can improve student engagement, satisfaction, and skill transfer, particularly for women and other underrepresented minorities in computing. We are employing a spiral software development cycle, alternating rapid prototypes with evaluation to investigate the effectiveness of a variety of game and interface possibilities. We present the first round of our rapid prototyping, which resulted in two prototype role playing games designed to teach basic programming concepts. Results from this work will inform educators about the effects of game, plot, and interface design on the use of games to achieve the long-respected goals of making learning in STEM fields fun, engaging, concrete, motivating, collaborative and relevant. In this paper, we describe background and related work, the process of game design and development for our two prototype games, the outcome of our usability study of these two games with computing students, and directions of future work.


Rentability in the world of banking represent old stuff matter. Where rentability (earning) represent one of the used criterion by banking management in assessing health bank. Intention of this research that is to analyse and give empirical evidence how far capital structure role in influencing rentability company banking. In this case capital structure variable measured with ratio equity to debt (DER), while rentability measured with assets on return (ROA), equity on return (ROE), margin profit (PM), and margin profit net (NPM).
Population in this research banking finance service firm which enlist in Effect Exchange Indonesia (BEI) Period 2013. Method determination of sampel in this research determined by using sampling purposive method. Pursuant to criterion which have been determined by hence got counted 20 company of banking taken as sampel. Research data represent sekunder data with section cross data type in the form of period financial statement data 2013 which is obtained is Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD) 2014. Examination hypothesis in this research use technique analyse linear regresi modestly and hypothesis test constructively SPSS software 16. Where examination hypothesis use signifikansi storey level equal to 0,05.
Pursuant to result of research known that capital structure in the form of DER have an effect on by signifikan to rentability company of banking which enlist in Effect Exchange Indonesia period 2013 which measured with ROA, PM, and NPM. While capital structure in the form of DER don't have influence which signifikan to rentability ratio which is in the form of ROE. This matter is shown with result of linear regresi analysis modestly that is equation of Y1=4,505-0,330X; Y2=18,071-0,396X; Y3=0,463-0,028X; and Y4=0,376-0,024X. Where matter this means that all changes in one set of capital structure will cause change rentability in the form of ROA equal to 0,330%; ROE equal to 0,396%; PM equal to 0,028%; and NPM equal to 0,024%. By simultan known that ROA variable, PM, and NPM influenced by DER with signifikansi each of 0,002 for the ROA, 0,004 for the PM, and 0,010 for the NPM. While by simultan ROE variable not influenced by DER known by ROE variable signifikansi value equal to 0,478.
Is there by suggested to researcher hereinafter to lengthen duration research into and add the amount of sampel company of larger ones and more immeasurable, and also use the more finance ratio in prediction rentability.


Site-specific natural isotope fractionation measured by deuterium NMR (SNIF-NMR) was used for investigating the deuterium transfers occurring in the fermentation of sugars into ethanol. In contrast to carbon-13, which is usually assumed to be randomly distributed within the glucose skeleton, very large deviations with respect to a statistical repartition are determined for deuterium. By transforming glucose samples from different origins into acetates and nitrates, the absolute values of the D/H ratios in the nonexchangeable sites were obtained. The hydroxyl sites were considered to contribute to the isotope content of the starting water medium. No direct connection is found between glucose and the methylene site which is only sensitive, with a strong discriminating effect against deuterium, to the isotope content of water. A redistribution coefficient slightly less than unity (0.96 for a concentration of sugar of 100 g L/sup -1/) is found between the isotope ratio of the end and starting water media. The site-specific natural isotope parameters of ethanol constitute a faithful and powerful probe for investigating the physiological biochemical and climatological effects which have governed the photosynthesis of sugars in natural conditions.


Current educational reform efforts seek to ensure accountability for educational results for all of our nation's students and, thus, there is increasing interest in the extent to which current large-scale assessment practices and programs include students with disabilities. Developing accurate procedures for reporting on the participation of students with disabilities in such assessment programs has proven to be difficult, due to a lack of data, differing definitions of eligible testing populations, and the misalignment of data collection efforts and data management responsibilities. Specific recotnmendations are offered for both policymakers and local practitioners and administrators to address these issues, and to assist in improving our ability to accurately report the participation of students with disabilities in educational assessment programs.


WorldView-2 (WV-2) is DigitalGlobe's latest very high resolution optical sensor. Launched on October 8, 2009, and fully operational since January 5, 2010, it flies along a sun-synchronous orbit at an altitude of 770km. The sensor is able to acquire panchromatic imagery at 0.46m ground resolution (0.52m at 20° off-nadir) and multispectral images in eight spectral bands at 1.8m resolution. In addition to the four typical multispectral bands (blue, green, red, near infrared), the sensors scans the coastal (400450nm), yellow (585-625nm), red edge (705-745nm) and near infrared-2 (860-1040nm) bands. Stereo images can be planned thanks to the ability of the sensor to rotate off-nadir up to +/-45°. This paper describes the preliminary analysis on WV-2 carried out at the EU Joint Research Center (JRC) in Ispra (Italy) by the ISFEREA Team of the Institute for the Protection and Security of the Citizen (IPSC), and in collaboration with the Bruno Kessler Foundation (FBK) in Trento (Italy). The purpose of the study is to evaluate the radiometric and geometric properties of the sensor and its potentials for 3D information extraction. The images used for the analysis are a stereopair over North-West Italy, where ISFEREA is establishing a testfield. The radiometry of the images is evaluated through different methods, including the estimation of the noise level (standard deviation of the digital number) in homogeneous and non-homogeneous areas. The images are oriented with RPC-based approach: using some GCP (ground control points), the given Rational Polynomial Coefficients (RPC) are improved with an affine transformation to compensate residual systematic errors. For automatic 3D information assessment, a Digital Surface Model (DSM) is generated with the SAT-PP software package and 3D building models are extracted semi-automatically with the CyberCity-Modeler (CCM) package. The methodology and preliminary results are described and discussed.


In this paper we study a p harmonic measure, associated with a positive p harmonic function \hat{u} defined in an open set O, subset of R^n, and vanishing on a portion \Gamma of boundary of O. If p>n we show that this p harmonic measure is concentrated on a set of \sigma- finite H^{n-1} measure while if p=n the same conclusion holds provided \Gamma is uniformly fat in the sense of n capacity.


Another big advantage beside the high density and big variety of available alloys is the entire freedom of creation. Due to the layer-wise build up of parts, it is possible to build e.g. a hollow bowl – undercut is a foreign word in SLM. This characteristic qualifies the SLM for the production of innovative light construction components. After leaving the SLM machine the produced parts usually have a surface finish of Rz = 10 – 30 μm. This can be improved by blasting or polishing the surface after laser melting up to a mirror like surface


AN improved magnetic servo amplifier utilizing half-wave bridges in cascade has been extensively used in instrument-type servos designed at the U.S. Naval Ordnance Laboratory. The speed of response inherent in a magnetic amplifier of this type has made possible the application of conventional compensation and stabilization techniques.1 The result is dynamic servo performance characteristics far exceeding those of previous magnetic-amplifier servo systems employing magnetic amplifiers using full-wave circuitry.


This is a video case study about the East Texas Rescue Mission. Students will watch a short video told from a volunteer board member's point of view. After watching the video, students are provided newspaper articles so they can see what happened next in the story. Subscribe to JNEL


The theory of homogeneous nucleation of a condensed phase from a supersaturated vapor phase was introduced by Volmer'.' and subsequently improved upon by Becker and D ~ e r i n g , ~ Zeld~vich,~ and others. Lothe and Pound,' who have suggested appreciable entropy constraints to the nucleation process, and Courtney6" have recently suggested further revisions of the theory. A current review of the field of nucleation' (specifically see Madonna et aL9) indicates] however, that with the possible exception of Wilson's and Powell's observations of a fog limit in nucleation of water from the vapor,10-12 homogeneous nucleation from the vapor phase has never been realized. Instead, heterogeneous nucleation occurs upon residual ions or upon some other impurity. Nevertheless, the theory of homogeneous nucleation is of interest in that it provides the basis for both the theory of heterogeneous nucleation and the interpretation of experiments in which heterogeneous nucleation occurs. Specifically, apropos of the present symposium, the treatment of homogeneous nucleation may be extended to the heterogeneous nucleation of crystals upon either a foreign substrate or upon a clean, perfect face of a crystal of the same material. Indeed, the latter case may be regarded as an example of two-dimensional "homogeneous" nucleation, which may be achievable, in view of the development of high vacuum-molecular beam techniques, even though homogeneous nucleation in a cloud chamber may not be attainable. In the following treatment the theory of homogeneous nucleation is briefly reviewed and then extended to nucleation on substrata. It is shown that entropy constraints, including surface entropy terms, may affect the nucleation process.


The present volume of Cracow Indological Studies. Opening up Intimate Spaces: Women's Writing and Autobiography in South Asia, brings together, mainly though not exclusively, articles based on papers presented at the workshop "Opening up Intimate Spaces: Women's Writing and Auto biography in India".1 The workshop— conducted under the aegis of the European Association for South Asian Studies and co-funded by Adam Mickiewicz University along with the Institute of Advanced Study of the University of Warwick—was held at the Chair of South Asian Studies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, on the 19th and 20th May, 2016. It was organised by Tara Puri (at that time at the University of Warwick, at present at the University of Bristol), Nora Melnikova (then at Charles University, Prague, at present at the University of California, Berkeley) and Monika Browarczyk (Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań). To our regret, and for different reasons, the contributions of two of our participants—Siobhan Lambert-Hurley (Department of History, University of Sheffield) and Anne Castaing (Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Paris)—are not included. With great pleasure,


In this work, a novel two-dimensional/two-dimensional (2D/2D) hybrid photocatalyst consisting of Bi2WO6 (BWO) nanosheets and cotton fibers biochar (CFB) nanosheets was successfully prepared via a facile hydrothermal process. The as-prepared photocatalysts were characterized by a variety of techniques, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. It was revealed that amorphous CFB nanosheets were uniformly immobilized on the surface of crystalline BWO nanosheets, and an intimate contact between CFB and BWO was constructed. The photocatalytic activities of the prepared BWO and CFB–BWO photocatalysts were evaluated by photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) and tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl) in aqueous solutions under visible-light irradiation. Compared to the pristine BWO, the CFB–BWO composite photocatalysts exhibited significant enhancement in photocatalytic activities. Among all CFB–BWO samples, the 9CFB–BWO sample with the CFB mass ratio of 9% exhibited optimal photocatalytic activities for RhB or TC-HCl degradation, which was ca. 1.8 times or 2.4 times that of the pristine BWO, respectively. The improvement in photocatalytic activities of the CFB–BWO photocatalysts could be ascribed to the enhanced migration and separation of photogenerated charge carriers due to the formation of a 2D/2D interfacial heterostructure between CFB and BWO. Meanwhile, the possible mechanism of CFB–BWO for enhanced photocatalytic performance was also discussed. This work may provide a new approach to designing and developing novel BWO-based photocatalysts for the highly efficient removal of organic pollutants.


ABSTRACT Oyster populations in Chesapeake Bay, USA, declined precipitously over the past three decades, and on-going efforts to restore the native oysters to former abundance were considered to be ineffective. Maryland and Virginia natural resource agencies proposed the introduction of a non-native Asian oyster (Crassostrea ariakensis) that is resistant to diseases affecting the native oyster and well adapted to the Chesapeake Bay environment. Numerous stakeholders raised concerns about potential adverse consequences of an introduction of a non-native species into a new environment. In response, state and federal agencies determined that an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) should be prepared to address the environmental consequences of such an introduction as well as of seven other oyster restoration alternatives, including several involving only the native oyster. Preparation of an Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) of the proposed action as well as all alternatives was an integral element of EIS preparation. This series of articles describes several different analyses that contributed to and collectively comprised the ERA conducted as input to the EIS. The final article of this series in HERA describes how the ERA and EIS findings were taken into account in the final decision on the preferred restoration alternative by state and federal agencies.


The rapid military and political victory of the Taliban movement during the summer offensive in 2021 shocked the system of international relations and the regional security architecture. The Taliban's military successes in rural areas were expected and predicted, but the capture of Kabul and the instant capitulation of the official Afghan authorities became the "black swan" of regional geopolitics. This study hypothesis states that the reincarnation of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan was the logical result of an unsuccessful twenty-year military campaign by the United States and NATO. The attempt to integrate the Afghan society into an accelerated modernization process was carried out under immature socio-political practices and a complete lack of institutions. Another hypothesis of the study suggests that the victory of the radical terrorist movement can cause a domino effect and lead to the strengthening of international transcontinental terrorist groups. From the systems theory perspective, the victory of a radical group and establishing control over a UN member state cannot but cause a negative reaction for the global and regional security construction. The study puts forward a third hypothesis and thesis: the Taliban victory was the victory of radical political Islam (jihadism) at the global level, which significantly strengthened its position in the system of international relations.


The freespace, nonbirefringent, polarization interferometer is one of the most versatile optical instruments. It can be used as (1) a limitless variable phase retarder, (2) an analog or binary polarization modulator, (3) a global polarization state generator of light of a controlled degree of polarization, (4) a depolarizer, (5) an ellipsometer of transmissive or reflective samples, and (6) an instrument for measuring the coherence and spectral properties of light sources when used in conjuction with a complete polarization-state detector. A brief account of each of these applications is presented.


E term "field capacity" is here used to indicate 1 the moisture content of the soil after from one to several days of natural drainage following a thorough soaking by rain or by irrigation. The usefulness of the moisture equivalent as an index of this "field capacity" has been demonstrated both in arid and in humid areas. With soils of arid regions it has been shown that the two values are essentially equal at moisture equivalents of about 20%, and with humid soils they correspond at slightly higher values. At lower moistures, i. e., with very sandy soils, the field capacity is recognized as being distinctly higher than .the moisture equivalent. At high values, i. e., with clays, the field capacity tends to be slightly lower than the moisture equivalent. Browning (i) has indicated these relationships and has discussed the literature on the subject. The moisture equivalent is .theoretically equal to about 500 cm of water column tension .(8). This has often been considered as the actual tension on soil water at field capacity. Water in the coarser pores has been visualized as filling and draining out each time the soil is soaked by rain or by artificial means. It has been shown that for certain soils the moisture equivalent corresponds to an actual porous plate tension of about y$ atmosphere, 340 cm of water (6). Also, in arid soils, a comparison has been made between field capacity and the Y$ atmospheric tension by the method found to correspond with the moisture equivalent (3). These determinations corresponded at approximately 25% moisture. Field capacity was higher at the low moisture contents, lower at the high contents than the Yz atmosphere value. It has been suggested that the relation of field capacity to the moisture equivalent or to some fixed tension is as much a matter of the extent of the filling of soil pores as it is of drainage (11). Further, it has been pointed out that irrigation often fails to wet soil up to its field capacity (4). Soil tensiometers have been developed which measure the pull on soil water, and these have been used to follow the changes that occur under natural conditions (6, 7, 9). In the present study, field tensiometers, essentially as described by Richards (6), have been used to determine the soil moisture tensions on the same or similar soils to those used (i) in establishing a relation between field capacity and the moisture equivalent. The study has been designed to test the theory that field capacity under our conditions is as much a matter of pore size distribution, wetting, and "unsaturation" as it is of drainage.


Any damage within the cochlea, whether affecting hearing thresholds or high threshold nerve fibres, that affects the resolving power of the cochlear, necessitates a higher input signal-to-noise ratio to achieve normal speech understanding in noise.  Other than wireless remote microphone systems, super-directional beamformers are the most effective way to achieve this.  To optimise their performance, they should have beam widths that are neither too narrow nor too broad, attenuate off-beam signals in a way that preserves spatial awareness of the environment, and adapt to changing competing signals fast enough to suppress them but not so fast as to distort the target signal.  This paper reports on the advantages and limitations of super-directional beamformers as measured in six different experiments.


In this article, the formula of degrees of freedom is deduced in terms of Welch-Sat-terthwaite Formula. The formula is adopted to the citing repeatability measurement uncertainty, which is different from the experienced formula used at present in accreditation of laboratory.


Based on the coordinates transformation theory, two coordinate transformation formulae for coodinates with common point of origin and uncommon point of origin are proposed. It is possible to analyze and synthesize higher pair mechanisms by these formulae. The method is simple.


Until a few decades ago, most labour histories did not bother to address women as workers in the domestic or public domain who contributed to a household income or the overall economy. Patriarchal spaces of historical discourse rendered women invisible (or effected distortions) that can only be contested by a rigorous study of women's unrecorded presence in the economy of the household and the broader domain of production. This article is an effort to understand the "being" and "doing" of women, and to map the interrelations of women and work over a vast historical span of time, beginning with women's writings on the theme of women and work and going on to plot women's agency historically in labour processes. In order to make the historical evidence more cohesive, it has been written with special reference to Peninsular India, while also drawing comparisons from the regions to the north of the Vindhya mountains that geographically and culturally mark the north–south divide.


This study aims to determine the perceptions of batik SMEs "Pring Sedapur" on the preparation of financial reports based on SAK ETAP in Sidomukti Village, Plaosan District, Magetan Regency. This study used a survey method with a quantitative approach that was conducted on 3 respondents. The technique of collecting data uses structured interviews, interviews, and document studies. and data analysis techniques use descriptive analysis techniques.The results showed that the factors of age, education and the length of time to open a business / experience did not indicate a difference of opinion about their perceptions of the application of accounting. SMEs have made accounting records even though they are still very simple. They have not made journals, ledgers and prepared financial reports in accordance with SAK ETAP, because of limited knowledge and information on how to apply accounting in accordance with SAK ETAP.


1. Rats after a 24 h restraint developed acute gastric erosions. Cimetidine in a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight was given subcutaneously every 8 h to a group of 150 rats after restraint. A second group received saline subcutaneously (placebo group).


The purpose of the research was to assess the effects of advertising of unhealthy food products on student's decision and eating behavior. In the present research participated 272 students aged between 18-29 years from the State University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Nicolae Testemitanu" from the Republic of Moldova. Unfortunately, the findings showed that promotional policy of companies in the food sector have escalated and can influence food product purchase behavior among students.