Nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) is an important family of transcription factors that can be activated by calmodulin and calcineurin in human cells. To investigate the expression and clinical significance of NFAT isoforms and calcineurin in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we collected tumor and adjacent normal tissues from 159 NSCLC patients and assembled them in a tissue microarray. Protein levels of NFAT1, NFAT2, NFAT3, NFAT4, and calcineurin were determined using immunohistochemistry. Correlations between NFAT and calcineurin expression and clinicopathologic characteristics were analyzed. We found that the positive rates of NFAT1 (52.8%, 84/159), NFAT2 (11.3%, 18/159), NFAT3 (28.3%, 45/ 159), NFAT4 (47.2%, 75/159), and calcineurin (47.8%, 76/159) expression were significantly higher in tumor tissues than in adjacent normal lung tissues (P < 0.001), respectively. The positive rate of NFAT1 expression was significantly higher in patients with adenocarcinoma (63.5%, 47/74) than in those with squamous cell carcinoma (43.5%, 37/85) (χ2 = 6.340, P = 0.012); with lymph node metastasis (61.6%, 53/ 86) than without lymph node metastasis (42.5%, 31/73) (χ2 = 5.818, P = 0.016); and with stage-ll and -III diseases (61.8%, 55/89) than with stage-I disease (41.4%, 29/70) (χ2 = 6.524, P = 0.011). Moreover, the overexpression of NFAT1 was associated with poor survival of NSCLC patients (χ2 = 5.006, P = 0.025). The positive rate of NFAT4 was significantly higher in patients with squamous carcinoma (57.6%, 49/85) than in those with adenocarcinoma (35.1%, 26/74) (χ2 = 8.045, P = 0.005) and with high and moderate differentiation (54.9%, 61/111) than with low differentiation (29.2%, 14/48) (χ2 = 8.943, P = 0.003). Calcineurin overexpression was significantly associated with histologic type (higher in squamous carcinoma than in adenocarcinoma, χ2 = 8.897, P = 0.003), differentiation grade (higher in high-moderation grade than in low grade, χ2 = 9.566, P = 0.002) and gender (higher in male than in female, χ2 = 5.766, P = 0.016). Furthermore, calcineurin expression was significantly correlated with NFAT4 level (r = 0.429, P < 0.001). These results suggest that NFAT1 expression is associated with lung adenocarcinoma progression, and NFAT4 expression, which was higher in squamous lung cancer, is associated with calcineurin expression and differentiation grade.


This study aims to determine the effect of Competence of Human Resources, Information Technology Utilization, Implementation of Regional Financial Accounting System and Internal Control System on the Quality of Regional Financial Statements. This study was a quantitative research. Sample determined by purposive sampling and sampling for each SKPD using nonpropabilitas. The sample in this research as much as 75, who served as the fourth echelon in the regional work units (SKPD) in Indragiri Hulu. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method. Data of this study uses primary data directly through a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS 20Management and analysis of data using multiple linear analysis with the help of software V20 (Statistical Produck and Service Solution). The results showed that the competence of Human Resources, Information Technology Utilization, Implementation of Regional Financial Accounting System and Internal Control System positive influence on quality of Regional Financial Statements. The coefficient of determination in this study was 97.4%, while 2.6% are influenced by other variables.


The confused flour beetle ( Tribolium confusum Duval) and the Mediterranean flour moth ( Ephestia kuehniella Zeller) have long been recorded as serious pests of stored grain products (Riley 1889, Chittenden 1896). In recent years they have served as very valuable material for laboratory experiments on insect nutrition (Chapman 1924, Richardson 1926). In spite of the economic and scientific importance of these two insects the writer could find little detailed information on their growth and development under carefully controlled conditions of temperature and relative humidity, on a normal whole wheat diet.


The manual concentrates on those aspects of a trial burn that are the most important and those that are potentially troublesome. The manual contains practical explanations based on experience of Midwest Research Institute (MRI) and others in conducting trial burns and related tests for EPA. It includes the comments of several industrial plant owners and operators. It is directed mainly to incinerator operators, those who may conduct the actual sampling and analysis, and those who must interpret trial-burn results. It will also be useful for regulatory personnel and others that need to understand trial burns. Potential trouble spots that have been encountered are: (1) trial burns frequently take more time and effort than an operator anticipates; and (2) failure to meet the trial-burn requirements.


The invention discloses a selective coating for absorbing solar light and heat which belongs to field of solar energy equipment, particularly, relates to a selective absorbing coating which is used on the surface of the flat-plate solar collector and is used for absorbing and utilizing solar energy. The selective coating for absorbing solar light and heat is formed by compounding a plurality of layers of metal and non-metal, the selective solar energy is attached on a metal flat plate; the characteristics are as follows: the attachment sequence of the coating on the metal flat plate is as follows: a bottom layer-aluminum nitride composite layer-aluminum nitride composite layer- aluminum oxide (wherein, after the second layer of aluminum reacts with N2, whether new aluminum nitride composite material is generated). The invention provides a selective absorbing film with excellent selective absorption characteristic of solar energy and firm film, which is provided with high binding strength, good weatherability, as well as high production efficiency in production.


The INQAAHE biannual open meeting took place in Dublin, 14–17 April 2003. It was structured around three levels of quality assurance, local, national and international. Apart from the excellent networking opportunities, there were thought-provoking sessions (some of the papers from them are included in this issue) and much interesting discussion in and between sessions. Many thanks to Higher Education and Training Awards Council (HETAC) for organising such a successful event. As reported in Quality in Higher Education 8(3), a proposal about the establishment of a world quality register was to be put to the membership of INQAAHE at its business meeting in Dublin. In the event, this did not occur because there was evident opposition to the idea and considerable reservations on the part of the INQAAHE Board. Instead, the Board proposed a set of principles for quality assurance organisations, which was presented to the members. The ensuing lively debate questioned, among other things, the needs for such principles, what sanctions might be brought to bear on those who flouted them and, indeed, whether there was a need for a 'profession' of quality assurers as implied in the principles. The membership, who were not about to endorse the withering away of external quality monitoring, endorsed the principles as general guidelines for agencies rather than as detailed criteria for membership of INQAAHE. It was, though, suggested that the contextual preamble might be reviewed, in particular to remove the analogy to ISO 9000. The conference opened with a definition of the principles of external quality assurance. Ton Vroeijenstijn, External Consultant for Quality Assurance, Association of Universities in the Netherlands, argues that a clear set of principles are required in order to give institutions confidence in the external quality assurance process. Many excellent papers followed, and only a few could be represented here. The first three papers in this issue in this issue investigate aspects of the self-evaluation process. Raul Atria examines the mission component of self-evaluation processes. Atria argues that a highly heterogeneous and diversified system like the one prevailing in Chile promotes quite different visions and perceptions of the institutional mission and shows that certain kinds of visions and perceptions produce missions that are impossible. To be realistic, he argues, institutional missions must take into account the entire spectrum of mission perceptions covered by the typology. Tan Kay Chuan and Sei W. Kek present an enhanced approach to using SERVQUAL for measuring student satisfaction. As attention to service quality in higher education heightens, they argue that there needs to be a correspondent increase in the use of its assessment tools. Alma Craft describes a risk assessment tool that has been developed at the University of Greenwich, UK. The tool, Craft argues, provides greater consistency and rigour in the evaluation of new proposals for the collaborative provision of higher education awards. Two papers look at different approaches to collaboration between external quality assurance agencies. Dorte Kristoffersen and Tobias Lindeberg discuss the experiences gained in a pilot project on mutual recognition conducted by the quality assurance


Running is a popular form of physical activity, despite of the high incidence of running‐related injuries (RRIs). Because of methodological issues, the etiology of RRIs remains unclear. Therefore, the purposes of the study were to assess the incidence of RRIs and to identify risk factors for RRIs in a large group of novice runners. In total, 1696 runners of a 6‐week supervised "Start to Run" program were included in the NLstart2run study. All participants were aged between 18 and 65, completed a baseline questionnaire that covered potential risk factors, and completed at least one running diary. RRIs were registered during the program with a weekly running log. An RRI was defined as a musculo‐skeletal complaint of the lower extremity or back attributed to running and hampering running ability for three consecutive training sessions. During the running program, 10.9% of the runners sustained an RRI. The multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that a higher age, higher BMI, previous musculo‐skeletal complaints not attributed to sports and no previous running experience were related to RRI. These findings indicate that many novice runners participating in a short‐term running program suffer from RRIs. Therefore, the identified risk factors should be considered for screening and prevention purposes.


Hydrogen sulphide, an acid gas, is generally considered an environmental pollutant. As an industrial byproduct, it is produced mostly during fuel processing. Hydrogen sulphide occurs naturally in many gas wells and also in gas hydrates and gas-saturated sediments especially at the bottom of the Black Sea where 90% of the sea water is anaerobic. The anoxic conditions exist in the deepest parts of the basin since nearly 7300 years, caused by the density stratification following the significant influx of the Mediterranean water through the Bosphorous nearly 9000 years ago. Here, H2S is believed to be produced by sulphur reducing bacteria at an approximate rate of 10 000 tons per day, and it poses a serious threat since it keeps reducing the life in the Black Sea. An oxygen–hydrogen sulphide interface is established at 150–200 m below the surface after which H2S concentration starts increasing regularly until 1000 m, and finally reaches a nearly constant value of 9.5 mg/l around 1500 m depth. Hydrogen sulphide potentially has economic value if both sulphur and hydrogen can be recovered. Several methods are studied for H2S decomposition, including thermal, thermochemical, electrochemical, photochemical and plasmochemical methods. In the present work, H2S potential in the Black Sea is investigated as a source of hydrogen, an evaluation of the developing prominent techniques for hydrogen production from H2S is made, and an engineering assessment is carried out regarding hydrogen production from H2S in the Black Sea using a process design based on the catalytic solar thermolysis approach. Possibility of a modular plant is considered for production at larger scale.


In order to apply theEthernet communication technology to the electric automation system, the selective principle of embedded TCP/IP protocol is analyzed with consideration of the practical condition of electric automation system. The Ethernet interface is designed with DSP chip and network interface controller (NIC) chip. The process by which DSP chip controls NIC and the embedded TCP/IP protocol stack process the data are discussed. The embedded TCP/IP system is achieved. The data can be processed according to network protocol, so the transmission of the data through Ethernet is realized.


Vapor-llquld equHMwn data for the blnary 8ystems ethylene glycol (1,?4hanedbl) wlth n-amyl alcohol (1-pentanol) and ethylene glycol wlth Isoamyl alcohol (3-methyi-l-bulanol) have been measured at 100 mmHg (13.33 kPa) by ushg a reclrculatbn stll a8 propowd by Rbck and Sleg. From these data, Uquld-phare activity coetfldents were flttod by wing the MarguJes, van Laar, Wilson, and UNIQUAC equations. Vapor-prereure meawr(MIBnts of the pure substances were carrled out, and the data were correlated wlth the Antolne equatlon. The Wnaty data were used for the determlnatlon of UNIFAC parameters.


Recent changes to health care reimbursement and funding have made cost-effectiveness analyses more relevant for pediatric psychologists. Evaluating and presenting uncertainty around cost-effectiveness estimates is important for proper reporting of results and represents one area where pediatric psychologists may have limited training. This article seeks to address this gap by providing pediatric psychologists with an introduction to cost-effectiveness acceptability curves (CEACs), a method for reporting and presenting uncertainty that is consistent with the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards. Using practical examples, we provide information about how CEACs are constructed and interpreted. By supporting a greater understanding about uncertainty in cost-effective estimates, we hope that this article aids pediatric psychologists in their production and consumption of cost-effectiveness research.


Thermal modeling using finite element analysis with spatially fine discretization frequently leads to large scaled state space systems of differential equations. Hence, model order reduction can be inevitable to meet real-time requirements e.g. in model-based process control. In addition to large system orders, dealing with temperature-dependent boundary conditions, including convection and thermal radiation, when reducing the model order is challenging, since classical projection based reduction approaches are merely applicable for linear systems. Thus, the system description is divided into a dominant linear part and an additive piece-wise constant function, which is frequently updated. Reduction methods are compared regarding considered cooling model whereby discrepancies between the approximation of transmission behaviour and overall state reconstruction of initial and forced dynamic are elaborated. Finally suitable reduction strategies facing corresponding purposes are proposed. For a good approximation in transfer behaviour, Iterative Rational Krylov Algorithm for initial dynamic and Balanced Truncation for external load dynamic are proper choices. If an overall state reconstruction is required, Tangential Interpolation and Rational Krylov are favourable.


The atmospheric concentrations of HCl, HONO, HNO3, SO2 and NH3 have been measured at an urban background site in Auckland, New Zealand in the summer and winter of 2003. Their median concentrations (pptv) were 31, 90, 34, 119 and 1,560 respectively in the summer and 12, 306, 37, 127 and 1,852 in the winter. Previous measurements of these gases in New Zealand are lacking. HONO experienced the most pronounced seasonal difference, having significantly higher wintertime concentrations, NH3 had only slightly higher concentrations in winter, however in contrast HCl demonstrated an opposite seasonal trend (significantly higher summertime concentrations), while HNO3 and SO2 did not have any apparent seasonal variations. Although in the summer these gaseous species did not show significant differences in their atmospheric concentrations between weekdays and weekends, in the winter the atmospheric concentrations of HONO, HNO3, SO2 and NH3 were significantly higher on weekdays than on weekends. It is proposed that in the Auckland summer, vehicle emissions are the dominant source of HONO, HNO3, and NH3, but that most SO2 is produced from both vehicular and marine sources. However in winter it appears that all but HCl had major vehicle-related sources. It is also suggested that degassing of chloride from sea salts could be the major source of HCl at this site.


Following years of control and regulation, there has been a massive trend towards the liberalisation of financial markets. This volume provides an analysis of this process and considers likely future developments. It is divided into three parts: the first covers the behaviour of households and firms; the second includes papers on stock, bond and currency markets; and the third part analyses the behaviour and performance of financial intermediaries, particularly banks. The topics examined range from the demand for personal and corporate credit and the allocation of savers' wealth, to innovations in securities and services traded in financial markets, and their regulation. The essays represent a blend of both theoretical and empirical work, the latter focusing in particular on Europe and the recent integration of financial markets on the continent. Discussions of the essays are provided by some of the world's leading financial economists.


The aim of this study was to develop versatile coatings that can protect the stone surfaces of Architectural Heritage. Two different 3D media, namely superhydrophobic (SPHB) and hydro-oleophobic (OHB), were utilized as host matrices for nanostructured photocatalysts (Bi2O3-ZnO 8/92). These photocatalysts were sensitive to visible light to enhance their efficiency when exposed to sunlight. To prevent the nanophotocatalyst from clumping together in the 3D media, non-ionic dispersant additives (Tween20, TritonX-100, and Brij35) were incorporated. The optimized suspensions were then applied to various substrates such as sandstone, limestone, and granite. The effectiveness of the coatings was assessed by evaluating the hydrophobicity, oleophobicity, and photocatalytic activity of the coated substrates. The Bi2O3-ZnO photocatalyst exhibited higher activity in the SPHB medium compared to the OHB medium. To simulate real-life conditions, the coated substrates were subjected to accelerated weathering tests to predict their durability. Despite a significant reduction in their thickness, the coatings demonstrated sustained hydrophobic efficiency and self-cleaning capability after the accelerated ageing tests.


Recent analysis of relatively cool (∼1 MK) active region loops observed with TRACE has suggested that these loops have been heated impulsively and are cooling through the TRACE bandpasses. In this Letter we explore the evolution of cooling loops to determine if the TRACE EUV observations can be used to determine the magnitude, duration, and location of the energy release. We find that the evolution of the apex density and temperature in an impulsively heated cooling loop depends only on the total energy deposited (not the magnitude, duration, or location of the energy deposition) after the loop cools past an "equilibrium point," where the conductive and radiative cooling times are comparable. Hence, observations must be made early in the evolution of a loop to determine the heating parameters. Typical TRACE observations of cooling loops do not provide adequate information to discriminate between different heating scenarios.


The aim of the study was to investigate knowledge and use of wild food plants and fungi in Han (i.e. Chinese) nationality villages in central China, including famine plants used in the respondents' childhood. A valley adjacent to the extremely species-rich temperate forest vegetation of the Taibai Nature Reserve was chosen. Eighty-two people from 5 villages took part in the study. Altogether, 159 wild food plant species and 13 fungi folk taxa were mentioned by informants. The mean number of freelisted wild foods was very high (24.8; median – 21.5). An average respondent listed many species of wild vegetables (mean – 17, me- dian – 14.5), a few wild fruits (mean – 5.9 and median – 6) and very few fungi (mean – 1.9, median – 1), which they had eaten. Over 50% of respondents mentioned gathering the young shoots or leaves of Celastrus orbiculatus , Staphylea bumalda and S. holocapra , Caryopteris divaricata , Helwingia japonica , P teridium aquilinum , Pimpinella sp., Amaranthus spp., Matteucia struthiopteris , Allium spp., Cardamine macrophylla and Chenopodium album . Only one species of fruits ( Schisandra sphenanthera ) and none of the mushrooms were mentioned by over half of the respondents. Although very diverse, it can be noted that the use of wild vegetables has decreased compared to the second half of the 20th century, as informants listed several plants which they had stopped using (e.g. Abelia engleriana ) due to the availability of cultivated vegetables and other foodstuffs. On the other hand, the collection of the most well-known wild vegetables is maintained by selling them to tourists visiting agritourist farms, and restaurants.


Monsoon winds drive upwelling along the eastern coast of India. This study examined the role of coastally trapped Kelvin waves in modulating the seasonal variability of local alongshore windstress (AWS)-driven coastal upwelling along the western Bay of Bengal. The winds generated AWS resulting in a positive cross-shore Ekman transport (ET) from March to the end of September, which forced coastal upwelling along the eastern coast of India. However, coastally trapped Kelvin waves could also modulate this process by raising or lowering the thermocline. Remotely sensed windstress, sea surface temperature (SST), and sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) were used to compute the AWS (the wind-based proxy upwelling index) and an SST-based proxy upwelling index (UISST). A new parametric method of the estimation of coastal angles was developed to estimate the AWS and ET. Coastal upwelling and the Kelvin waves were identified based on the climatology of SSHA, AWS, and UISST, in addition to a complex principal component (CEOF) analysis of the SSHA. The UISST and AWS were found to be closely correlated along the southern section of the east coast of India (between Kavali and Point Calimere), where the coastal upwelling was largely local AWS-driven. However, along the northern section of the coast (between Kashinagara and Kakinada), coastal upwelling was triggered by the first upwelling Kelvin wave, sustained by the local AWS, and then terminated by the first downwelling Kelvin wave. This analysis illustrated that remote equatorial windstress caused coastal upwelling along the northern part of the Indian east coast, while it was primarily locally driven in the southern coast. The findings are helpful in better understanding the mechanisms modulating coastal upwelling along the western Bay of Bengal. These would provide useful insights into the primary productivity and the air–sea interactions in the region.


We point out that$$\inf\limits_{L \in L_n} \sup\limits_{\substack{f \in C_{2\pi}\\f \ne const}} \frac{\max \| f(x) - L(f, x) \|}{\omega^*_2(f, \pi/n + 1)} = \frac{1}{2}$$where $C_{2\pi}$ is the space of periodic continuous functions on real domain, $L_n$ is the set of linear operators that map $C_{2\pi}$ to the set of trigonometric polynomials of order no greater than $n$ ($n = 0,1,\ldots$), $\omega_2(f, t) = \sup\limits_{x, |h| \leqslant t} |f(x-h) - 2f(x) + f(x+h)|$, $\omega^*_2(f, t)$ is the concave hull of the function $\omega_2(f, t)$. In this equality, the infimum is attained for Korovkin's means.


The standard molar enthalpy of the reaction, NdCl_3·6H_2O(s)+4Gly(s)+Im(s)+3NaClO_4(s)=[Nd(Gly)_4(Im)(H_2O)](ClO_4)_3(s)+3NaCl(s)+5H_2O(1), was determined by a solution-reaction isoperibel calorimeter. The solvent used is hydrochloric acid solution (2.0 mol/L). From the result and other auxiliary data, the standard molar enthalpy of formation of [Nd(Gly)_4(Im)(H_2O)](ClO_4)_3(s) was obtained, Δ_fH~θ_m {[Nd(Gly)_4(Im)(H_2O)](ClO_4)_3,s,298.15K}=-3456.08±0.19 kJ/mol.


Presentation delivered during the Webinar III: Making the data and services FAIR organised by the e-IRG Workshop within the framework of Croatia's Presidency of the Council of the European Union, on May 26, 2020. More information available at the website of e-IRG e-Infrastructure Reflection Group http://e-irg.eu/workshop-2020-05-programme.


The construction industry contains two types of estimators the contractors' estimator and the designers' price forecaster. Each has two models of the building in which to systemize his procedures - the production model and the design model. The use of these models is discussed in the light of the industry's particular problems of complexity and uncertainty together with the pressures of the market. It is argued that estimators and forecasters, in order to function effectively in these conditions, are forced to exercise a high degree of subjective judgment. Means of eliciting good heuristics involved in judgment making are considered by reference to the artificial intelligence and construction literature and a methodology is proposed based on these findings. The results of two early trials of the method with students are given, indicating the usefulness of the approach.


The Securities and Exchange Commission recently settled a monumental lawsuit against the investment firm of Goldman Sachs, Inc. The settlement mandated that the Wall Street titan agree to strengthen its ethical policies and procedures. This paper will discuss Goldman Sachs as a complicated corporate entity and examine its relationship to its own Code of Conduct and Ethics in light of the lawsuit. It will present an historical perspective and a summary of the research and efficacy of Codes. This review postulates that business should implement their Codes and ethical programs by way of thorough and effective analysis of new investment products such as mortgage-backed securities. It explains how Goldman should have better utilized ethical mechanisms to examine these products. The paper condenses the more relevant recommendations of the Report of the Business Standards Committee of Goldman Sachs. Finally, this review evaluates the definition of waivers contained in Codes and concludes that businesses should eliminate this exception.


The analog-to-digital (A/D) interface is generally considered to be the most critical part of any signal acquisition and processing sys- tem. Because of the difficulty in achieving high-resolution and high- speed A/D converters, this interface has been a barrier to the realization of high-speed, high-throughput systems. Recently, there has been re- newed interest in new and innovative approaches to A/D conversion, with a significant emphasis on photonic techniques. Interleaving is a common approach applied to high-speed photonic A/D conversion; it re- duces the wide-bandwidth input signal to one that can be converted using conventional high-speed A/D converters. The high-speed sampled input is interleaved to N individual channels with each channel operating at 1/N of the sampling rate. These channelization techniques are known to suffer from performance degradations due to channel-to-channel mis- match. Within the electronic A/D converter community, temporal over- sampling and spectral noise shaping have become common practice in high-fidelity audio applications. Here, a low-resolution quantizer is em- bedded in a feedback architecture in an effort to reduce the quantization noise through spectral noise shaping. A large error associated with a single sample is diffused over many subsequent samples, and then lin- ear filtering techniques are applied to remove the spectrally shaped noise, thereby improving the overall SNR of the converter. The approach to photonic A/D conversion described here leverages the 2-D nature of an optical architecture to extend the concept of spectral noise shaping to include 2-D spatial noise shaping. The proposed approach uses a mode- locked laser to generate the optical sampling pulses, an interferometer to modulate the electronic analog signal onto the optical pulses, and a 2-D smart-pixel hardware implementation of a distributed error-diffusion neu- ral network. © 2002 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers.


The present invention relates to compounds having pharmacological activity on sigma receptors, than those specifically pyrazole derivatives of formula I, and the production method of such compounds, to pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and treating and preventing, in particular It relates to their use for the treatment of psychosis or pain. [Formula I]


This paper introduces an ECG telemeter system.It is based on the micro-processor C8051F005 and nRF401 wireless transceiver module.With this system,real-time high precision ECG transmission can be fulfilled.


A matrix model to describe quantitatively certain physical properties of quantum systems of two-band eigenvalue spectrum is proposed. This formulation is a generalization of Wannier-type representations and is applicable to various situations where physical properties are defined in tensor form.


A detecting device capable of being strapped around and positionally mounted on a variety of sizes of document guide channels in a self-adjusting manner. The light transducing units of the devices can be prealigned and configured to face each other through apertures in the guide channel in such a manner as to be relatively impervious to ambient light.


Well-known mutations, such as the Leiden V, prothrombin G20210A, F.V. R306T Cambridge and F.V. R306G Hong Kong mutations, can cause thrombotic processes, mainly in the venous part of the circulatory system. The roles of the Leiden V [1–3], R306T Cambridge [4], R306G Hong Kong [5] and methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) mutations [6–9] and of angiotensinconverting enzyme polymorphism (ACE polymorphism) [10, 11] in the pathogenesis of stroke are still debated. The aim of this case report is to demonstrate the value of molecular genetic examinations in facilitating an understanding of the aetiology and pathogenesis of stroke.


The reasoning skills and students' physics concept as the main capital for understanding physics extensively. One of the factors that influence the low reasoning and understanding of concepts is the learning that is delivered in the classroom. This study aimed to find out increase the reasoning skills and students' physics concept and difference of the SFAE assisted by simple aids and learning SFAE without the simple aids. This study employed true experimental design with pretest - posttest control group design. In the experimental group of improvement were included in the high category while in the control group of improvement included the moderate category. Based on the comparison of t test, there are significant differences of the SFAE assisted by simple aids and learning SFAE without the simple aids.


Within the context of evaluation system of education quality in career courses that are organized at the Center for Security and Military Strategic Studies of the University of Defence in Brno, the article deals with course evaluation questionnaires. It demonstrates benefits of introducing online questionnaires, and a persistence of responses sets that are invalid in terms of internal imbalance. To filter out this undesirable natural phenomenon, a method was proposed for determining the consistency of responses sets. The outcomes lead to the goal to enhance quality as well as quantity of responses to evaluation questionnaires. In terms of quality, the intention is to continue filtering out invalid responses sets using the proposed method. In terms of quantity, the intention is to motivate the course participants to fill the evaluation questionnaire by dividing it in parts, so that they can experience the changes based on their responses yet during their course.


Male oil palm flower (MOPF) is an abundant and otherwise useless waste from oil palm cultivation. This work aimed to transform MOPF to hydrochar and use it as an adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye in water systems, thus dealing with two existing environmental issues simultaneously. The raw biomass was converted to hydrochar at 180oC for 8 h in an air atmosphere. Characterization of the hydrochar using FTIR resulted in a change of functional groups after hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) as well as after adsorption, which might involve in MB adsorption. The small increase of pores in hydrochar detected in the BET isotherm analysis might also facilitate MB adsorption. SEM images confirmed the existence of pores on the hydrochar in comparison with the raw biomass. The equilibrium MB adsorption followed a pseudo second-order and a Langmuir isotherm model with the maximum adsorption capacity of 42.92 mg·g-1at 30oC. These findings suggest that MOPF could be a low-cost valueadded material and an alternative eco-friendlyhydrochar-based adsorbent for MB removal from aqueous


A gas turbine engine blade has a relatively large fillet to improve the characteristic of the air flow. The fillet has a thin wall, the wall is in part through the cavity, followed by forming the fillets, and cooling air is provided in the fillet cavity and then, the film cooling holes to pass to the outer surface. Various design features are provided to enhance the efficiency of the cooling air supplied to all of the fillet joint and the other cavity within the blade. Turbine blade, fillets, and cooling air, the blades, the airfoil


When he recounts the story that won Desdemona's heart, Othello mentions having been taken by the insolent foe / And sold to slavery." (1) For readers today these lines, spoken by a character described as "black" on multiple occasions, immediately evoke the specter of the Atlantic triangle and the widespread enslavement of sub-Saharan Africans. In recent years, however, many critics have warned against such associations on the grounds that they are anachronistic. They argue that we lose sight of Othello's historical specificity if we read it in the context of racial categories that would only crystallize later in the century with the rise of a plantation economy. (2) Instead, scholars such as Jonathan Burton, Julia Reinhardt Lupton, and Daniel Vitkus have suggested that Othello's capture by the "insolent foe" should be read not in the context of the Atlantic slave trade but rather that of piracy and kidnapping in the Islamic Mediterranean. In this reading, the play becomes a "drama of conversion," in which Othello's "Moorishness" associates him with Islam as much as it does with blackness. (3) Placing Othello in this Mediterranean context thus avoids naturalizing--enshrining as timeless and essential--vocabularies of race that are in fact the product of a particular moment in the development of a global economy. In his introduction to the most recent Oxford edition of Othello, Michael Neill ably sums up the significance of this Mediterranean-focused approach to our understanding of the play's engagement with slavery: For modern audiences, Othello's story of enslavement will inevitably be colored by the horrors of that later history; but, as the work of Nabil Matar and Daniel Vitkus has demonstrated, "Moors" were, on balance, more likely to figure in the early seventeenth-century English imagination as enslavers than as slaves; and Othello's narrative of capture, enslavement, and "redemption thence" actually parallels the experience of many prisoners on both sides of a Muslim-Christian conflict that stretched back at least to the Crusades. As such it belongs not to the industrialized human market place of the Atlantic triangle, but to the same Mediterranean theatre of war as the Turkish invasion of Cyprus. (4) Neill and the critics cited above propose that we read Othello as a Mediterranean "drama of conversion" instead of as an engagement with the rise of color-based slavery. In this essay, I draw on and develop their important insights, but argue that this "instead of" is unnecessary: it is not in fact anachronistic to read Othello in the context of both the Mediterranean and the enslavement of sub-Saharan Africans. If we read Othello as participating in a nascent discourse that associates enslavement with blackness, we do not need to see that interpretation as looking forward in time, anticipating a global system of chattel slavery that is yet to be firmly entrenched. Instead, I argue that we can see Othello's engagement with slavery by looking across space, and bringing the play into dialogue with early seventeenth-century Spanish representations of blackness. There were tens of thousands of enslaved black Africans in Spain and Portugal by the turn of the seventeenth century, and the Spanish comedia inscribes a relationship between blackness and slavery. (5) Although the relationship between blackness and slavery is far more explicit in these Spanish plays than it is in Othello, a similar tension around blackness and service can be seen in English and Spanish texts alike. I begin with a brief history of the Iberian slave trade and representations of blackness and slavery in the Spanish comedia before turning to a close reading of one Spanish play, Ximenez de Enciso's Juan Latino. My reading demonstrates the ways in which representations of slavery and blackness were closely intertwined on the early modern Spanish stage. I conclude by reading Othello in the context of Juan Latino's frequent and explicit references to the enslavement of black Africans. …


Abstract : The dynamic tear test is used extensively for characterization of the fracture toughness properties of both ferrous and nonferrous metals. This report describes a method for dynamic tear testing of titanium plate using a nonstandard 1-inch dynamic tear specimen. The dimensions and preparation of the specimen, a description of the apparatus and details of the testing procedure are given. The results of dynamic tear tests demonstrated that the nonstandard specimen accurately measures the fracture energy of titanium alloy plate. Use of this method is recommended for characterization of the fracture toughness properties of alpha-beta titanium alloys in cases of limited material availability.


The author analyzes and summarizes moral-psychological category of "communicative competence" and "communicative competence of a teacher", gives its own interpretation of the concept "communicative competence of a teacher", lists the components and features of the communicative competence of a teacher.


Securities loans collateralized by cash are by far the most popular form of securities-lending transaction. But when the cash collateral associated with these transactions is actively reinvested by a lender?s agent, potential risks emerge. This study argues that the standard compensation scheme for securities-lending agents, which typically provides for agents to share in gains but not losses, creates incentives for them to take excessive risk. It also highlights the need for greater scrutiny and understanding of cash reinvestment practices?especially in light of the AIG experience, which showed that risks related to cash reinvestment, by even a single participant, could have destabilizing effects.


Chief executives have a considerable role in shaping policy and practices of organisations. However, the factors which influence them in their careers have received relatively little attention. The work of Mintzberg, and more recently that of Kotter and Lee, have illustrated different facets of the top job and the people who occupy such posts.


In this paper, a two-step flash light sintering process for inkjet-printed Ag films is investigated with the aim of improving the quality of sintered Ag films. The flash light sintering process is divided into two steps: a preheating step and a main sintering step. The preheating step is used to remove the organic binder without abrupt vaporization. The main sintering step is used to complete the necking connections among the silver nanoparticles and achieve high electrical conductivity. The process minimizes the damage on the polymer substrate and the interface between the sintered Ag film and polymer substrate. The electrical conductivity is calculated by measuring the resistance and cross-sectional area with an LCR meter and 3D optical profiler, respectively. It is found that the resistivity of the optimal flash light-sintered Ag films (36.32 nΩ m), which is 228.86% of that of bulk silver, is lower than that of thermally sintered ones (40.84 nΩ m). Additionally, the polyimide film used as the substrate is preserved with the inkjet-printed pattern shape during the flash light sintering process without delamination or defects.


Global environmental governance today is grounded in a set of ontological assumptions that involve measurement and commodification of carbon emissions as tradeable units between countries for mitigating climate change and preventing deforestation. These ontological assumptions are not necessarily shared by communities that are targeted for implementing projects developed under such agendas. This article provides an ethnographic account of the tensions around a REDD+ Pilot Project and a Save the Forest conservation program in Central Suau, Papua New Guinea. Despite efforts by project proponents to conduct 'awareness' on the programs to local communities, people feared these interventions as attempts to steal their air and land to sell to other countries. The study shows that differing assumptions of reality between project proponents and communities are related to the politics of translation that are embedded in past histories of colonisation, missionisation, and ongoing resource extraction. The ensuing disagreements highlight failures to mediate ontological intersections, which are manifested in local fears of new forms of power and external appropriation of their land and air through global environmental governance mechanisms.


Flowcytometric immunophenotyping is useful to identify clonal plasma cells which are helpful in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. The standard diagnostic method involves the selection of abnormal plasma cells by CD38 and CD 138 which is generally positive. We present two cases who were diagnosed with multiple myelomain the presence of lytic lesions in the skeletal survey and confirmed clonality on flowcytometry, revealing tow populations of plasma cells with positive CD38 and negative CD138 and vice versa respectively.


Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or the use thereof. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufac-turers' names appear herein only because they are considered essential to the object of this document.


Interdependencies in the field of food, agriculture, and raw materials are growing. Global population growth, rising prosperity, and changing consumption patterns in emerging economies have increased the demand for all three. Geopolitical trends shape global markets for food, agriculture, and raw materials and carry consequences for the Dutch agro-food sector. Critical sectors of the Dutch agricultural complex are dependent on imported raw materials from the rest of the world and are therefore vulnerable to supply disruptions resulting from geopolitical developments. This report explores how the Dutch government could strengthen the resilience of the Dutch agro-food system and mitigate risks to the supply of critical raw material imports.


In this study, we proposed method to estimate two parameters of the Gumbel distribution (scale and location), which developed method of the White method to estimate the distribution parameters, the Proposed method based on distribution fucction to estimate the parameters. Simulation to generate the required samples and different sample sizes (n= 10, 50, 100) and each volume has been generated replicate size (N=1000) for each values of the scale parameter ( o = 1, 2.5, 4) and the location parameter ( u = 1, 2, 5) a comparison was made between the result obtained from white and proposed white method (modified white method) by using Mean Square Error (MSE) and Mean Absolute Percentage error ( MAPE), the result indicate that : Estimator of proposed method is better than White method (W). Keyword : Gumbel distribution, Mean Square Error, Mean Absolute Percentage Error, reliability fuction, white method, and proposed method (modified white)


According to the seam spontaneous combustion features,a low cost and high performance resin was independently prepared. The independently prepared resin was made of cornstarch and propylene group monomer as the main raw material.Based on the free radi- cal polymerization reaction mechanism,under the function of the initiator and the cross-linker,the resin was prepared with cornstarch and propylene group monomer with the graft copolymerization reaction.With the research on the water-solubility,viscosity and other features of the resin and with the comparison between the resin and water fire extinguishing test,the paper analyzed that the hygroscopic resin could have a slow dehydrating rate,a long effective period,a high sticky and elasticity,a short fire extinguishing time and other fire extinguis- hing features.


The paper presents an approach to the matters of the flux lines which are specific to the industry of textile clothes, from the point of view of their balance. Frequently, it happens that the time periods of the operations are much different, and this leads to jams and extended waiting times, with negative influence on the efficiency. This paper proposes the use of a modeling and simulation method based on timed Petri networks, which will allow the analysis of the flux lines operation, the highlighting of the bottlenecks and to yield information to the personnel that take managerial decisions. Three lines, which manufacture the following products: jacket, skirt and trousers, are analyzed. For each case, the modeling and simulation procedure yields solutions for jam solving.


Objective: Comparison of scalp and bilateral intracranial EEG in detecting seizure onset.
BACKGROUND: Intracranial EEG (iEEG) recording is needed to define ictal onset zone (IOZ) when noninvasive studies failed to delineate the epileptogenic zone. The proposed locations of intracranial electrodes are based on hypotheses derived from scalp EEG (scEEG) and neuroimaging. The rate of false lateralization from scEEG in patients with bilaterally implanted iEEG is unknown.
Methods: A retrospective study identified 18 patients with medically refractory focal epilepsy having bilateral stereotactic depth electrodes implanted between 2014-2015. The primary aim was to examine concordance of ictal lateralization between scalp and intracranial EEG. Secondary aim was whether the IOZ, determined by iEEG, was co-localized to lesion on MRI.
Results: In 7/18 patients, scEEG lateralization was concordant with iEEG. Of the 11 patients with discordant lateralization, iEEG localized single IOZ in 10. Of these patients, 5 scEEGs suggested bilateral independent ictal onset and 5 scEEGs demonstrated ictal onset in the hemisphere contralateral to IOZ. In the remaining 1, scEEG suggested one IOZ, but bilateral independent seizures were captured on iEEG.
Of 10 patients with single IOZ on iEEG, 7 were seizure free postoperatively, and 2 have >50[percnt] reduction.
11/18 patients had an MRI lesion. In 7/11 of those MRIs, the lesion was co-localized to IOZ in all 5 with mesiotemporal sclerosis (MTS) and 2 with asymmetrical atrophy.
Conclusions: In this small study, 11/18 (60[percnt]) scEEGs were discordant with iEEG: 27[percnt] of the scEEGs falsely lateralized, or incorrectly suggested bilateral independent or single IOZ in 33[percnt].
Select patients with potentially bilateral seizures on scEEG should not automatically be excluded from epilepsy surgery evaluation.
Implantation of bilateral intracranial electrodes should be considered, especially in the absence of a lesion on MRI, or lesions other than MTS. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings. Disclosure: Dr. Young has nothing to disclose. Dr. Sazgar has received personal compensation for activities with UCB as a speaker. Dr. Sen-Gupta has nothing to disclose. Dr. Losey has received personal compensation for activities with UCB Pharma as a speaker. Dr. Bannout has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hwang has nothing to disclose. Dr. Pietzsch has nothing to disclose. Dr. Vadera has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hsu has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lin has received personal compensation for activities with UCB Pharma as a speaker. Dr. Mnatsakanyan has nothing to disclose.


Recently there has been a great deal of interest in transport in dilute two-dimensional (2D) systems. In these studies, there are strong carrier-carrier interactions within the 2D systems. In an in-plane magnetic field. The 2D system shows strong magnetoresistance which appears to be a manifestation of the spin alignment of the free carriers. The suppression of the "metallic-like state" with increasing in-plane magnetic field has now become important in trying to understand the underlying physics of the "metallic-like" conductivity in two dimensions. It is generally accepted that it is possible to determine the dominant scattering mechanism in a 2D electron system at zero perpendicular magnetic field from the mobility ) (μ dependence on carrier density ( . For example, when ) n α μ n ∝ ) 5 . 1 ( = α then remote ionized impurity scattering dominates. To date, no such study has been conducted for a dilute 2D electron gas in an in-plane magnetic field. In this paper, we present the mobility dependence on carrier density of a dilute two-dimensional GaAs electron system in an in-plane magnetic field. The main finding of our measurements is that the exponent α increases with increasing in-plane magnetic field (see later). We ascribe this effect to the combination of increasing strong localisation at the GaAs/AlGaAs interface and spin polorisation with increasing in-plane magnetic field.


The invention relates to application of Arl13b proteins to cancer diagnosis. The Arl13b proteins or nucleic acid sequences thereof can be used for preparing a reagent or a kit for cancer diagnosis. An Arl13b protein specific antibody or an Arl13b protein specific nucleic acid probe is taken as the cancer diagnosis reagent for reaction with a cell sample; the combined quantity of the antibody or the probe is obtained through detecting a detectable gene coupled with the probe or the antibody, and in comparison with the combined quantity of a normal cell, a preliminary diagnosis can be conveniently made for an illness state of a patient. As a tumor marker, Arl13b in the invention can be used for illness state diagnosis and prognostic judgment of tumors and can also be taken as a potential therapeutic target for the tumors.


Single-mode and low-loss optical fibers maintaining a state of polarization over a long length are necessary for coherent optical communication and fiber-optic sensing systems.1 Stress-induced birefringence fibers as reported so far show the high losses.2 Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) of these fibers is measured to be of the order of 50300 psec/km, which causes degradation of the receiver sensitivity in coherent optical communication systems. This paper presents polarization-maintaining and absorption-reducing (PANDA) fibers, which provide large modal birefringence and low- loss properties. Furthermore, the structure of PANDA fibers with zero PMD is proposed.


A case of idiopathic splenomegaly with ceroid histiocytosis--the so-called sea-blue histiocytosis--is reported with reference to the literature. The histological, histochemical and ultrastructural features of stained sea-blue and ceroid-containing macrophages are described and their physiopathological significance is discussed. Attention is drawn to the distinctions, between idiopathic and secondary or associated forms, and the practical value of the pathological diagnosis is emphasized.


The coordination polymers (CPs) based on thiolates of coinage metals are well known for their luminescence properties. However, their structures stayed underexplored. In the thesis we present a pioneering study targeting the understanding of the structure formation and the 'structure-properties' correlation for neutral homoleptic CPs, [M(SR)]n, M = Cu(I), Ag(I), Au(I). The compounds with thiophenolate derivatives studied in the work, illustrate how the use of some functionalized organic ligands leads to the formation of extended 2D networks or 1D columns by addition of some steric hindrance. The first comparative structural study of amorphous thiolated CPs was performed by PDF analysis. The photophysical studies showed the diversity of luminescent properties of the CPs based on thiolates of coinage metals. Double or multiple emission peaks, high quantum yield of orange-toinfrared emitters, significant lifetime variation with temperature… all of these intrinsic properties reveal the high potential of these compounds for diverse optical applications


Intuitive eating is an eating framework created by two dietitians integrating instinct, emotion, and rational thought. Through ten principles, intuitive eating can help individuals become more in tune with the physical sensations of their bodies and adequately meet their biological and physiological needs. Additionally, intuitive eating helps to remove obstacles such as food rules and thought patterns instilled by diet culture. This new 8-page publication of the UF/IFAS Food Science and Human Nutrition Department explains the ten principles of intuitive eating in detail to help people searching for peace with food find practices that honor their physical and mental health. Written by Jennifer Campestrini, Amber Fritsche, Kelsi Garcia, Kaitlyn Grange, Kaylan Hebert, Anastasia Narizhnaya, Diannette Osorio Rexach, Rebecca Preece, and Wendy J. Dahl.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fs443


We investigate developments in Danish mortality based on data from 1974–1998 working in a two-dimensional model with chronological time and age as the two dimensions. The analyses are done with non-parametric kernel hazard estimation techniques. The only assumption is that the mortality surface is smooth. Cross-validation is applied for optimal bandwidth selection to ensure the proper amount of smoothing to help distinguishing between random and systematic variation in data. A bootstrap technique is used for construction of pointwise confidence bounds. We study the mortality profiles by slicing up the two-dimensional mortality surface. Furthermore we look at aggregated synthetic population metrics as 'population life expectancy' and 'population survival probability'. For Danish women these metrics indicate decreasing mortality with respect to chronological time. The metrics can not directly be used for prediction purposes. However, we suggest that life insurance companies use the estimation technique and the cross-validation for bandwidth selection when analyzing their portfolio mortality. The non-parametric approach may give valuable information prior to developing more sophisticated prediction models for analysis of economic implications arising from mortality changes.


As a science, Architectural Acoustics originated in 1895 in the first scientific work ever done on the phenomenon of reverberation in rooms by Wallace C. Sabine at Harvard. The first twenty years of its history is covered by his single‐handed attack on the problem of the quantitative aspects of reverberation and absorption of sound. The second stage covering the period from 1915 to about 1925 marks a rapid increase both in interest on the part of scientists in the subject, and an expanding use of the practical applications of the new science. During this period numerous laboratories were built with reverberation chambers for the measurement of sound absorption coefficients and the transmission of sound through walls, floors, and ceilings. In this period the organ pipe as a source, the threshold of hearing as a fixed level of intensity, and the stop‐watch as a timing device comprised the instrumental equipment for measurements with Sabine's technique.With the development of new and powerful sources of soun...


A method is derived to investigate the magnitude of thermo-electronic contribution for shock compressed porous metal's volurae,A Fortran program is constructed to perform the calculating method. With this calculating model, the thermo-electrons' E.O.S derived by Geng is tested. Calculations demonstrate the value of PeV/PVe is not perfect 1.0.


Fig 1.evolution of the halo mass functions for the three different galactic winds and two different initial conditions (marked with different color dots) at different redshifts. Mh is the total halo mass, DM+ baryons. The dashed line corresponds to the theoretical Sheth-Tormen HMF • Dark matter (DM) dominates the matter in the Universe. Because of self-gravity, DM collapses and becomes clumpy, building the large-scale hierarchical structures. Baryons assemble within DM potential wells and form galaxies. • Because we can not directly observe DM halos, numerical simulations is the only way one can study their dynamics and other properties. Using N-body simulations, we can obtain the Halo Mass Function (HMF), which provides the abundance of DM halos as a function of their mass. The HMF depends weakly on cosmological redshift and is one of the basic tools in modern cosmology. • We use GIZMO --a flexible, multi-method magneto-radiation-hydrodynamics code with self-gravity. It is designed to simultaneously capture advantages of both hydrodynamics via grid-based/adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) schemes[2] and collisionless dynamics of stars and DM.


A dynamic inventory model with deteriorating items in which each of the production ,the demand and the deterioration rates, as well as all cost parameters are assumed to be general functions of time is considered in this paper. Besides, shortages are allowed but are partially backordered. . Both inflation and time value of money are taken into account. The objective is to minimize the total net inventory cost . The relevant model is built , solved Necessary and sufficient conditions for a unique and global optimal solution are derived. An illustrative example is provided and numerically verified. Keywords—General production lot size, Inventory, Variable parameters, Optimality.


Metabolic syndrome refers to cluster of cardiovascular diseases risk factors, not only seen in adults but in children and adolescents too. Though in children and adolescents its prevalence is not as high as among adults, the existence even in low percentage poses greater economic burden and hurdle to national development. Identification of subjects with this syndrome can only be done if data on anthropometry (height, weight or waist circumference, blood pressure) and biochemical (fasting blood glucose, High density lipoprotein triglycerides) is available. But biochemical estimation especially in children and adolescents is difficult due to its poor acceptance because of its invasive nature. Thus, it leads to non recognition of this syndrome. Therefore there is a need to build up a strategy where in these young age group are not ignored by health professionals. Based on review, prevalence is higher among overweight and obese subjects in comparison to normal weight. Overweight and obese subjects should be screened through the use of anthropometric measurements such as waist circumference, body mass index, waist to height ratio and neck circumference. Screened subjects then should be subjected to invasive techniques for confirmation of syndrome. This process of prediction will be cost effective and also the high risk subject will not be ignored. Anthropometric indices have different sensitivity and specificity to predict metabolic syndrome at a younger age but the index was found to be significantly correlated with Metabolic syndrome is waist circumference.


NOTES (Natural Orifice Translumenal Endoscopic Surgery), a recently developed form of minimally invasive surgery, has attracted attention as a new laparoscopic operation. However, manipulation of forceps throughout the surgery continues to be a burden to surgeons. Our previous research focused on designing a model that could carry forceps and a camera through the abdominal cavity. The robot moves on the abdominal wall upside down, operated with six wires which realize the relative motion of two suction cups attached or detached from the abdominal wall alternatively during movement. The robot could move forward/backward, turn right/left motion and move up/down. However the robot body containing commercialized products and self-designed parts was too big for the use in real surgery. In this study, we devised an integrated robot with built-in suction cups, air ducts and housings, all made of a rubber-like material, for the miniaturization. For feasibility study, an adsorption experiment and flow analysis of the suction cups were carried out. Results showed that sufficient adsorption force could be obtained from the integrated robot. This raised the possibility that this robot system can be used for NOTES support.


The solution of the problem of the acceleration of relativistic electrons during magnetospheric storms requires the self-consistent analysis of the processes of the formation of the ring current and particle acceleration. The experimental proofs of the substorm particle acceleration before the beginning of the dipolarization provide the new aspects of the problem. The configuration of the high latitude transverse currents is analyzed. It is shown that the near Earth plasma sheet particle domain and its daytime continuation can be considered as the high latitude part of the ring current. The main features of the theory explaining the localization of the magnetospheric substorm expansion phase onset deep inside the magnetopshere on the quasidipolar magnetic field lines (the effect of Akasofu - first auroral arc brightening on the equatorial boundary of the auroral oval) are discussed. The dependence of the value of D st from the position of auroral electrojets is analyzed. It is shown that the formation of the convectively equilibrium distribution of the radial plasma pressure can explain the experimentally obtained dependence. The role of the acceleration of electrons by high frequency electrostatic waves in thin bright auroral arcs is discussed.


We present a method for obtaining diffraction/attenuation resistant beams in absorbing media through suitable superposition of ideal zero-order Bessel beams. Such beams keep their resistance to diffraction and absorption even when generated by finite apertures. Although the method is developed for scalar fields, it can be applied to vector wave fields, as well. These new beams have many potential applications, such as in free-space optics, medical apparatus, remote sensing, and optical tweezers.


The objective of this paper is to present a method to arrive at a linear parametrically varying (LPV) model for vehicle occupants. These LPV models are especially useful in the development of controlled restraint systems. In controlled restraint systems, the restraint elements, such as the seat belt force or airbag outflow, are controlled during the crash to minimize the risk of injuries to the occupant. These control algorithms contain low-order LTI models of the occupant and restraint system. Since the occupant may vary largely in size and mass, LPV models are well suited account for these variations. It has been shown that LPV models well describe the occupant dynamics, and are useful in the design and development of controlled restraint systems.


A recent paper1 has described the design and performance of a waveguide-fed parallel plate lens which provides five beams from a sixteen element antenna array, with sidelobes ≈ − 20 dB and beam crossovers ≈ − 10dB, in the frequency band 8–12 GHz. A microstrip version of this lens has been designed, constructed and tested, with the addition of a beam port overlap network to now provide nine beams with crossovers ≈ − 2 dB. Fair performance is achieved at midband, but internal reflections are found to limit the bandwidth of the microstrip lens design.


We demonstrate an edge-mode–type phase shifter based on spin-orbit torque (SOT), and propose a broadband XOR logic gate based on the proposed phase shifter. A short length of cobalt (Co) magnetic element is placed parallel to one side of the yttrium iron garnet (YIG) spin wave waveguide to construct an edge-mode–type phase shifter of spin waves. It is numerically demonstrated that the wave number of spin waves at one side of YIG waveguide decreases locally due to the introduction of Co element, which leads to the phase difference between the two edge modes in the YIG waveguide. The amount of shifted phase can be controlled by the length of the Co element and spin polarization current intensity. Finally, a broadband XOR logic gate based on the edge-mode–type phase shifter is realized by applying spin polarized current. The proposed edge-mode–type shifter and XOR logic gate provide a new methodology for the designing of magnonic logic gates.


analysis. This perspective allows her to identify less overt and more silenced forms of resistance, such as how the use of popular culture allowed Saharawi women to show solidarity against arranged marriages during Spanish colonialism or to speak out in Malabo's Semu market today. Allan manages to link all these situations thanks to extensive use of documentation and fieldwork, and an intelligent use of theory. The author also analyses the construction of hegemonic discourses, making extra effort to reflect on the concept of genderwashing, understood as a claim, made in this case by authoritarian regimes, of commitment to gender equality while their practices work against this. She also links these marketing efforts to the exploitation of natural resources, taking intersectionality into account. Doing so points to both the Orientalist roots of the discourses of authoritarian regimes and the overlap of categories of gender, race and class that necessarily constitute resistance to them. Allan manages to present a well-built argument pointing out the interrelations between the history of colonization and postcolonial regimes. As she observes, the argument that Arab and African women should be saved assisted colonization and the implantation of the Female Section, the Franco dictatorship's women's institution, in the territory. Also, this argument has been used by postcolonial authoritarian regimes in compliance with the international community in genderwashing operations. This observation, according to the author, does not apply to the discourse of the Polisario Front – the Saharawi nationalist movement. In this case, the participation of women in the early anti-colonial struggle helped mobilize the Saharawi nationalist discourse towards progressive goals and allowed for greater female empowerment. On finishing this brilliant book, a discerning reader could draw two general conclusions. First, academic research on authoritarian regimes has underestimated the extent to which dictatorships use gendered discourse to consolidate power. Second, there is a need not only to make a gender reading of subaltern studies, but also to understand gender categories as a constituent part of social categories. In this way, the work brings together reading from the geopolitical point of view with a reading of gendered processes of oppression and resistance.


The invention discloses a negative hydrogen ion powder and a preparation method thereof. The powder consists of cuttlebone powder, mother pearl shellfish powder, limonite powder, shrimp shell powder and buckwheat flour, of which the weight ratio is (15 to 40):(18 to 38):(2 to 14):(1 to 7):(20 to 45). The preparation method for the powder includes oxidation sintering, reduction sintering and production of the negative hydrogen ion powder in the end. The maximum advantage of the negative hydrogen ion powder is that the released negative hydrogen ions 'H-' can enhance the immunity of the body and metabolism, improve sleep, resist fatigue and aging, beautify looks, lower high blood pressure, high blood fat and diabetes and prevent obesity, cancers, senile dementia and Parkinson's disease.


This paper provides a novel approach to solving the transmission of electrons through large graphene Nano-structures, which is shown to be accurate both at high and low speeds. The model for graphene being solved is the continuum model governed by an analogue to the Dirac equation. For finding a favorite solution , the Dirac equation is scalarised using the Foldy-Wouthuysen expansion approximation, to reduce the problem of calculating the electron wave propagation to a scalar differential equation. Also transformed wave functions provides the exact solution of the Dirac equation in homogeneous space for the calculation of the propagation of electron waves.By analytically calculating the boundary conditions of the transformed wave functions, we have been able to generate transfer matrices for the scalar propagation equations.Furthermore,we have implemented the scattering matrix method upon these transfer matrices. Implementing the scattering matrix method makes a numerical stable propagation of the waves through the graphene.Finally we test the convergence and accuracy of the new method compared to analytical solutions.Hence , we conclude that our achievement is a rich appendix detailing for the results of our research into relativistic Green's functions.


Nowadays, mathematics anxiety of adolescents is a common problem in the field of education, but serious mathematics anxiety will have a negative impact on the physical and mental development and academic progress of adolescents . Therefore, this study will analyze and summarize relevant literature on math anxiety, and explore the influencing factors and intervention measures of math anxiety from the aspects of individuals, families and schools. In terms of influencing factors, individuals (gender difference, learning style and personal motivation), families (parent-child relationship and parenting style) and schools (internal school atmosphere and teachers' teaching strategies) will have an impact on math anxiety. Then, this study put forward the corresponding intervention measures for the influencing factors mentioned above. Firstly, in the aspect of individual, cognitive behavioral therapy, intensive breathing training and expressive writing can be used to effectively interfere with teenagers' mathematical anxiety. Secondly, for the math anxiety caused by family reasons, by carrying out math practice activities based on father-son relationship, parents can give their children more full academic support, which can effectively reduce the math anxiety level. Thirdly, from the point of view of schools and teachers, we can effectively intervene the math anxiety level of teenagers by changing the learning environment of students. Finally, the paper also points out the shortcomings and limitations of the existing research, which provides sufficient theoretical support and help for the future comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the overall structure of mathematical anxiety and effective improvement of mathematical anxiety.


Etching of copper circuit patterns on substrates, such as printed circuit boards (PCB), is normally done by chemical etching in a ferric chloride solution. However, the isotropic nature of the etching process presents problems when etching thick copper layers (5 10 mil). Because of the prolonged immersion, the sidewalls also undergo substantial sideways etching resulting in a grossly widened and irregular pattern. An electrochemical method of etching thick copper patterns was tested with promising results. The method is like electroplating in reverse with adjustable etching rate, easily scalable and relatively low cost. The etching solution is reusable and thus minimizes the production of waste solution. Results of our comparative study of 8-mil thick Cu patterns etched electrochemically and in FeCl3 solution show that the former gives better line definition than the traditional method. The anisotropic and self-terminating nature of the electrochemical technique not only minimizes undercutting but also prevents overetching. The method may be extended to other types of metal that can be electroplated.


Abstract The existence of eight combinations of absolute spatial configuration, helix handedness and handedness of director tilt has been shown for ferroelectric liquid crystals induced by optically active dipole dopants (optically active diesters of 4,4″-terphenyl dicarboxylic acid). As in the case of individual ferroelectrics alternation of the helix handedness is observed depending on absolute configuration of the C*-atom and its position relative to the rigid core of the molecule. However for these induced ferroelectric liquid crystals the helix handedness does not depend on the inductive effect of the substituent adjacent to the C* atom, e.g. the helix handedness of all the (S)-2-chlorine substituted materials coincides with that of the (S)-2-methyl-butyl derivative. Substitution of a chlorine atom by a cyano group followed by conversion of absolute spatial configuration of the C* atom results in the opposite helical sense. Thus asymmetric parameters of the induced ferroelectric liquid crystals helix...


A structure consisting of two pressurized shells in the form of arches that lean against each other and are connected at the point of contact is considered. Such leaning arch-shells have been used in the framework of fabric shelters. The finite-element method is applied to determine the deflections, stability, and vibrations of a pair of these leaning tubes. Symmetric and asymmetric snow loads are treated, along with wind loads parallel to the longitudinal direction of the structure. Results are presented for both fixed and pinned bases, and for arch-shells that are tilted at angles of 15 and 30° with respect to the vertical. Buckling is found for certain cases of snow loading. The corresponding buckling modes involve sway to the side if the bases are fixed, whereas for pinned ends the structure buckles by twisting about a vertical axis through the center. The first three vibration modes are dominated either by side sway, longitudinal sway, or twist about a vertical axis.


Objective To choose proper relieving pain method for puerpera,comparing the present clinical relieving pain methods for parturition.Methods The women in childbirth were divided into three groups randomly.Group I.given PCEA;Group Ⅱ,given acupuncture therapy with medicinal injection;Group Ⅲ only given psychotherapy.The analgetic effect,the newborns prognosis,postrpartum heamorrhage,birth procedure and childbirth way were all compared.Results The analygetic effect was best in Group I(effective rate 100%);there was no differences in prognosis and postpartum haemorrhage compared with Group Ⅱ and Ⅲ,and the caesarean birth rate was lower than that of Group Ⅱ and Ⅲ.The effective rate was 60% and 9% in Group Ⅱ and Ⅲ.Conclusion The analgestic effect of PCEA is certain,and there is no side effect.The method can be applied to a hospital with anaesthesia condition.Acupuncture therapy with medicinal infection plus psychotherapy is easy and has analgetic effect.So it can be applied to a hospital without anaesthesia condition.


Based on the analysis of some typical courses of civil engineering, this paper condenses the ideological and political elements in these courses, and studies the teaching reform of Ideological and political courses. Through the analysis and research of typical engineering cases and the combination of typical engineering cases and ideological and political education, the introduction of ideological and political education into the professional class can not only improve the efficiency of students' ideological and political education, but also make ideological and political education more practical.


The fuel cell electrode of the present invention, a gas diffusion layer in contact with the separator having a flow path, and the fuel cell electrode comprising the catalyst layer interposed between the gas diffusion layer and the electrolyte membrane, the catalyst layer is hydrophilic comprises two different parts of the sex, and wherein the more hydrophilic than the portion of the portion facing the flow path in the catalyst layer is not opposed to the flow path. Fuel cell electrode of the present invention is provided with the different catalyst layers hydrophilic by the position of the flow path in the catalyst layer, the moisture content was appropriately maintained in the electrode, it is possible to improve the performance of the battery.


This study integrates theories on self-efficacy and the role theory to explore how role ambiguity influences employee task performance through task self-efficacy in a curvilinear manner. Openness to experience was found to moderate such a curvilinear relation. In addition, this study suggests that task self-efficacy mediated the relationship between role ambiguity and task performance, and between the interactive terms and task performance: role ambiguity, openness to experience. This study emphasizes the importance of considering both the positive and negative effects of role ambiguity, so that the maximum level of task self-efficacy, therefore task performance, can be achieved. It also highlights an individual difference variable, i.e., openness to experience, such that it comes to play in deciding levels of task efficacy and performance. Theoretical contributions, practical implications, and future research directions are discussed.


A common feature practical reputation schemes is that they are on-line which results in restrictions to both availability and scalability. In order to overcome these two problems we propose an off-line reputation scheme based on public key certificates. We introduce the idea of articulated certificates which use proxy signatures to increase the efficiency of reputation verification. As well as being well-suited to our problem such linked certificates may be of independent interest.


We have investigated the Hall effect and transverse magnetoresistance extensively in two series of ion-beam-sputtered $\mathrm{Fe}∕\mathrm{Cr}$ multilayers composed of 10 and 30 iron-chromium $(\mathrm{Fe}∕\mathrm{Cr})$ bilayers, respectively, with Cr-layer thickness varying from $6\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{to}\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}14\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{\AA{}}$ in both of them. It is shown that the scaling law ${R}_{s}\ensuremath{\sim}{\ensuremath{\rho}}^{2}$ for the extraordinary Hall coefficient ${R}_{s}$ and the electrical resistivity $\ensuremath{\rho}$ holds surprisingly well even in these multilayers of moderately high magnetoresistance of 29% (ten bilayers) and 33% (30 bilayers). The most important finding is that the scaling law for ${R}_{s}$ in these multilayers is independent of the magnitude of the giant magnetoresistance and it remains valid for any given value of the magnetic field which undoubtedly suggests the universality of the scaling law.


Atmospheric isotopologues of water vapor (e.g., HDO) are important tracers for understanding Earth's hydrological cycles. Most remote sensing measurements of these isotopologues, however, are colum...


Value added services are complimentary service options added to a core service offering. In the aggressive competitive market, success and survival are the keywords for any economic entity. For the complete satisfaction of their customers, business entities are delivering quality services, which are of paramount importance for their existence. One among the leading organization among insurance providers is Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) has been created benchmarks in the Insurance sector. Now a day's value added services have become customer's tool and a sole way to distinguish one company from another. New products and services from insurance companies must appeal to the needs and desires of targeted customer groups, while offering immediate customer satisfaction. This approach will require insurance companies to bundle their core products with adjacent value-added services to become relevant to customers' specific life situations. The purpose of this paper is to examine the awareness and perception level of consumers on Value-added Service (VAS) offered by Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) at Bangalore city. Convenience type non-probability sampling method is used to collect data with sample size of 101 using structured questionnaire. It is an attempt to find out how customers perceive the value added services offered by LIC and the usage of their services on post purchase of insurance policies. Hypothesis were created and tested on a sample population and were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The analysis of the study illustrates the opinion, importance and awareness among customers on various value added services of LIC is same across age group, gender, education and income levels.


This paper report s on ornithological wo rk carried out b y the author during his stay a t Casey, Ant arct ica , as Medical Officer to the J 9 77 wintering p arty from February 1 977 to February 1978. Prelimin a ry note s on the history , geography and climate of Casey and on previou s lo ca l studies are followed by an outline of the programme undertaken and of the problems encountered. The annual cycle of birds and other animal s i s briefly described. Systematic accounts are then given of each bird species, with status in the area including numb ers where e s timate s h ave been attempted, and notes on beh av iour.


Abdominal and pelvic abscesses can occur as a consequence of surgery and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It is well accepted that the primary treatment is antibiotic therapy and minimally invasive drainage. Surgical measures are typically reserved for patients with luminal perforations or those who do not respond to conservative measures. Previously available modalities of drainage involved percutaneous and computed tomography guided access. Recently, endoscopic ultrasound guided aspiration has emerged as a safe alternative for management of intra-abdominal abscesses. Since its first application for peripancreatic drainage, endoscopic ultrasound techniques and technologies have significantly evolved. Endoscopic ultrasound interventions can now be performed quickly, safely and precisely, even outside of the operating room. Multiple reports and case series demonstrate the utility for endoscopic ultrasound guided drainage of fluid collections, providing they are in close proximity to the intestinal lumen. As a result, extension of this approach's indications has been considered. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided drainage and stenting is an emerging approach which provides an accurate, efficient and safe alternative for the management of intra-abdominal collections. Furthermore, endoscopic ultrasound techniques may allow access to areas that are inaccessible or technically challenging with computed tomography guided or surgical approaches as illustrated in our case. Additionally, the internal nature of the access point may offer patients a more comfortable experience; and can facilitate preservation of enteral feeding routes or intestinal transit. This case demonstrated the clinical complexity that often characterizes the management of postsurgical complications, particularly inflammatory collections. It further delineates the utility of Endoscopic ultrasound-fine needle aspiration techniques in the treatment of pelvic abscesses, even as a salvage therapy, where other approaches fail. EUS guided drainage should strongly be considered at multiple tiers of all treatment algorithms as a viable, and in some instances, preferable therapeutic modality for patients presenting with intra-abdominal collections.


The major factors of space environment affecting satellite optical communication system are analyzed, including high energy charged particles radiation, background radiation, space plasma radiation et al. The influence of affecting parameters on satellite of different orbits and optical communication terminals is discussed in detail. It is very helpful for dealing with the trouble of satellite optical communication system and ensuring the satellite on orbit. The performance and stability of satellite optical communication system could be improved through controlling and inhibiting such space environment factors.


Recently, to mitigate the confusion between different languages in code-switching (CS) automatic speech recognition (ASR), the conditionally factorized models, such as the language-aware encoder (LAE), explicitly disregard the contextual information between different languages. However, this information may be helpful for ASR modeling. To alleviate this issue, we propose the LAE-ST-MoE framework. It incorporates speech translation (ST) tasks into LAE and utilizes ST to learn the contextual information between different languages. It introduces a task-based mixture of expert modules, employing separate feed-forward networks for the ASR and ST tasks. Experimental results on the ASRU 2019 Mandarin-English CS challenge dataset demonstrate that, compared to the LAE-based CTC, the LAE-ST-MoE model achieves a 9.26% mix error reduction on the CS test with the same decoding parameter. Moreover, the well-trained LAE-ST-MoE model can perform ST tasks from CS speech to Mandarin or English text.


Quality of life as a discriminatory measure has been used to evaluate the subjective outcome in many different health problems. Epilepsy, known for its biological unpredictability and socio cultural stigmatization can modulate the health perception of the sufferer. In a study of 40 randomly selected patients with Generalized Tonic Clonic Seizures, quality of life was assessed in comparison to matched controls. Patients w&h seizure disorder had a poor quality of life in all four domains; physical, psychological, social and environmental. Being a woman and belonging to higher age had a negative influence over the quality of life. Education, marital status and income were not discriminatory Duration of illness and duration of treatment did not contn'bute to the poor quality of life. Among the neuropsychological variables, defects in attention, memory and linguistic competence adversely affected the quality. Social disability was not a significant factor whereas emotional environment at home was a significant determinant. Significance of these findings and their therapeutic implications in the integrated management of seizure disorder are discussed. psychosocial measures and are not necessarily correlated to objective clinical parameters. Thus, when the dissonance between the measures is wide, subjective assessment of QOL would be low. Individual ranking of QOL is amenable to personal prejudices, preferences, past abilities and peer comparison and yet, QOL measures have been found to be useful to describe the nature and extent of functional and psychosocial impairments, to monitor the quality of care and to compare the effects of intervention strategies (Jambon and Johnson, 1997). QOL scores constitute a new measure of overall patient function and vary widely in different illnesses according to their nature and consequences.


Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the major global human health problems,
despite the introduction of vaccination programs. It is estimated that more than 400
million people are chronically infected with HBV worldwide, among then 65 million
are living in Africa. The sequence heterogeneity of HBV isolates has led to the
classification of HBV into eight genotypes, A to H, based on full-length genomic
divergence of more than 8%. Genotype E is mainly found in Sub-Saharan Africa. Due
to their restricted geographic prevalence area, HBV genotype E isolates have not
been extensively studied with regard to genetic variability. The aim of this study was
to analyze the genetic diversity of HBV complete genome from HBsAg positive
individuals in Luanda, Angola. From a total of 43 samples, 31 were amplified
successfully for the HBV complete genome (approximately 3.200 bp) by polymerase
chain reaction (PCR). Fifteen HBV complete genomes were sequenced directly from
their PCR products. For them, fourteen were classified as HBV/E, and one as
HBV/A/A1. The genetic distances between the samples were low, as described for
genotype E: 1.0% for the entire genome, 0.7% for pre-S/S, 0.9% for polymerase,
1.7% for pre-C/C and 1.2% for ORF X. Pre-S/S/Pol region nucleotide sequence
analysis from 3 patients with HIV-HBV coinfection under HAART therapy, presented
lamivudine resistance mutations and one of these 3, presented also adefovir
resistance mutation. Regarding the region of the pre-C/C, it was found in 3 samples a
BCP double mutation A1762T-G1764A, with or without G1896A and G1899A
substitutions. Subpopulations analysis of five different samples, 4 classified as
HBV/E, and one as HBV/A/A1 revealed molecular signatures specific to each
population. This study will contributes to a better knowledge about HBV genetic
variability strains circulating in Angola, and to elucidate the molecular features and
clinical characteristics aiming the adoption of preventive measures and infection
control.


A theory for the spatial development of linearly unstable, coupled waves is presented in which both quasilinear and mode‐coupling effects are treated in a self‐consistent manner. Steady‐state excitation of two waves (with frequencies ω1, ω2) is assumed at the boundary x=0, the plasma being homogeneous in the y and z directions. Coupled equations are derived for the x dependence of the amplitudes of the primary waves (ω1, ω2) and the secondary waves, nω1+mω2 (n and m being integers), correct through terms of second order in the wave amplitude, eφ/Te, but without the usual approximation of small growth rates. This general formalism is then applied to the case of coupled ion‐acoustic waves driven unstable by an ion beam streaming in the direction of the x axis. If the modifications of the ion beam by the waves ("quasilinear" effects) are ignored, "explosive" instabilities (singularities in all of the amplitudes at finite x) are found even when all of the waves have positive energy. If these wave‐particle int...


The utility model discloses a multi-rotary-wing unmanned aircraft which comprises an aircraft main body and a rotary wing component which drives the aircraft main body, wherein the rotary wing component comprises at least three groups of propellers (500) which encircle the aircraft main body, wherein an angle alpha is formed between the perpendicular line X2 of the propeller surface of each propeller (500) and the midperpendicular line X1 of the aircraft main body and ranges from 2 degrees to 45 degrees. The propellers incline certain angles relative to the aircraft main body, so that a force produced by the propellers is decomposed along a horizontal direction and a vertical direction; and the component force in the vertical direction is used for balancing the gravity, and the component force in the horizontal direction can be used for quickly and timely counteracting the outside interference, so that the outside interference can be balanced very quickly, therefore, the stability of the unmanned aircraft during running under the condition of the outside interference is improved greatly.


The lower headwall of the submarine Cape Fear Landslide consists of geological features that may indicate ongoing or future episodes of slope failure. In 2014 new 2-D multi-channel seismic data were gathered in this area for the Eastern North American Margin (ENAM) Community Seismic Experiment. Interpretation of these new seismic data may provide important insight into whether or not the Cape Fear Landslide is experiencing ongoing deformation and/or may fail again in the future. Observed features include: potential listric faults, sediment waves, creep deformation and deformation caused by possible fluid flow (e.g., free gas). Other structures such as an unconformity in the lower portion of the lower headwall are also observed. The deformations that appear as faults (or sediment waves) are possibly a cause of lateral stress reductions associated with the release of slope sediments immediately adjacent to the headwall and potentially the added stress of diapirism in the area. Methane gas hydrates are thought to be located near the Cape Fear Landslide. Potential free gas is shown in and near the detachment zone. Potential creep deformation is also identified as being caused by dissociation of methane hydrates and stress related to the upslope region of the Cape Fear Landslide. The tectonic setting and surrounding features of the Cape Fear Landslide are consistent with a retrogressive submarine landslide. Like many other of the large submarine landslides observed on the modern day ocean floors, it is not clear to what extent the Cape Fear slide is currently deforming or if a future failure at this site is possible. Future work is required to answer that question.


Objective: Before discussing the road clinical curative effect of the treatment chest fracture of steel plate oflum-bar vertedra. Methods: Before using "ZPLATE-ATL"in road,fix system to treat the 51 case of interverbebral disc,2 cases of the fresh type fracture lumbar vertedra is regular,for curative effect,look back sexual analysis summary; Results: n 8 Patients,6 cases very good, 1 case good and 1 case bad. All fine reach 87.5%. Before utilizing, the road treatment chest vertebra body fracture of steel plate of lumbar vertedra gets good clinical expression. Conclusion: Before the road treatment chest fracture operation operation of steel plate of lumbar vertedra, can avoid damage backbone rear structure, again can direct reset with plant bone fix, it is little to have wound, complication lose, fracture heal up rapid, function resumes satisfactory characteristic.


Objective:To observe the treatment effectiveness of nonspecifical colitis by Futonglingtang.Methods:144 cases of nonspecifical colitis were divided into two groups randomly.The patients in treatment group were treated by Fu tonglingtang,and those in control group were treated by sulfasalazine.Results:The effective rates of treatment group and control group were 95.83% and 70.83% respectively.Conclusion:Futinglingtang can treat nonspecifical colitis effectively.


We can get much knowledge from images. This process can be done in the mind by a human, and implementation of this mind processing by a system is very difficult. This project attempt to image mining for a simple case. In this paper we develop designed neuro-fuzzy system and it is used for accident prediction in two vehicles scenario. The results show better performance respect to previous version.


Objective To evaluate the effect of intervertebral foramen block combined with pain spot injection in the treatment of post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN). Methods 60 cases of PHN patients were divided randomly into treatment group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases). In the treatment group, the patients were treated with intervertebral foramen block plus pain spot injection, and the patients were treated with intervertebral foramen block in the control group. The block fluid was mixture fluid of Cobratoxin. Results After 3~8 weeks, the obvious effective rate was 90.00% in the treatment group, 76.67% in the control group, significant difference was found in two group (P0.05) by statistical analysis. The pain of patients whose analgesic effect was obvious in two groups was no recurrence or worsened, and the pain of patients whose analgesic effect was no obvious was remission. After 12 months, the analgesic effect of 11 patients (50%) whose analgesic effect was no obvious at first was obvious, that showed the block fluid of Cobratoxin had long-term curative effect in treating PRN. Conclusions The intervertebral foramen block combined with pain spot injection is an effective method in treating post-herpetic neuralgia.


A wide variety of approaches have been explored by researchers in the attempt to attain a system with controllable wetting properties. The hydrophilic surfaces can be used in anti-fogging applications, biomedical, filtration, heat pipes, and many others. hydrophilic surface has strong affinity to water whereas hydrophobic surface repel water. In this research, the synthesis of graphene oxide- silver, graphene oxide- silica and graphene oxide-zinc nano-composite were done by spray pyrolysis method in order to investigate their self-cleaning properties. The nano-composite thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission transmission electron microscope (FE-SEM) . The xrd results confirm the formation of desired thin films. Atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to calculate the thickness and RMS value of thin films. RMS values for GO, GO:Ag, GO:Si and GO:Zn thin films were 17.57, 185.78, 125.64, 37.23 nm, respectively. According to the results of contact angle and AFM images, GO:Zn thin film has the lowest roughness and therefore the lowest contact angle and a relatively good hydrophilic surface.