Scientific Computing (SC) software has had considerable success in achieving improvements in the quality factors of accuracy, precision and efficiency. However other software quality factors, such as reusability, maintainability, reliability and usability are often neglected. This thesis proposes a new methodology, Family Approach for developing Scientific Computing Software (FASCS), to improve the overall quality of SC software. In particular, the aim is to benefit the development of professional end user developed SC programs.
FASCS is the first methodology to apply a family approach to develop SC software, where all stages in both the domain engineering phase and the application engineering phase are included. In addition, the challenges for SC software and the characteristics of professional end user developers are also considered. A proof of concept program family, FFEMP, which can solve elasticity problems in solid mechanics using the Finite Element Method (FEM), is developed to illustrate how the proposed methodology can be used.
Part of FASCS is a new methodology for systematically eliciting, analyzing and documenting common and variable requirements for a program family. The methodology is termed Goal Oriented Commonality Analysis (GOCA). GOCA proposes two layers of modeling, including the theoretical model and the computational model, to resolve the conflict between the continuous mathematical models that represent the underlying theories of SC problems and the discrete nature of a computer. In addition, the theoretical model and computational model are developed to be abstract and documented separately to improve reusability. Explicitly defined and documented terminology for models and requirements are included in GOCA, which helps avoid ambiguity, which is a potential source of reduced reliability. The traceability of current and future changes is used to potentially improve reusability and maintainability.
FASCS includes a Family Member Development Environment (FMDE) for the automatic generation of family members. FMDE is apparently the first complete environment that facilitates automatically generating variable code and test cases for SC program families. The variable code for a specific member of the program family can be automatically generated from a list of variabilities written in a Domain Specific Language (DSL), which is considerably easier than manually writing code for the family member. Some benchmark test cases for the program family can also be automatically generated.
Since both family members and test cases can be automatically generated, testing the program family can be performed on the same computational domain with different computational variabilities. This provides partially independent implementations for which test results can be compared to detect potential flaws. This capability partly addresses the unknown solution challenge for SC software.
Documentation is also an important part of FASCS. Five new templates for documenting requirements and design are proposed. Traceability matrices, which provide relations between artifacts (and documents) in the different stages of the process, can facilitate understanding of the programs. The matrices can also improve reusability and maintainability by helping trace changes.
Nonfunctional requirements, especially nonfunctional variable requirements, are rarely considered in the development of program families. To the knowledge of the author, nonfunctional variable requirements have never been considered in the development of SC program families. Since some nonfunctional requirements are important for SC software, FASCS proposes using some decision making techniques, such as the Analytic Hierarchy Process, to rank nonfunctional variable requirements and select appropriate components to fulfill the requirements.


Nile tilapia and Striped Catfish can be classified as freshwater fish species that have great cultivation potential. Inadequate cultivation management leads to the occurrence of disease attacks on fish. Hematological examination was applied to determine the level of fish health. This research was aimed to know the difference between erythrocyte cell and leucocyte cell count by using Hematology Analyzer Tool Software (computer based) and hand tally counter (human based), and to know the description of hematocrit component, hemoglobin and leucocytes differential on tilapia fish and Striped Catfish. The methods employed in this research were experimental method and descriptive method. The results showed that the calculation of erythrocyte cells and leucocyte cells by using Hematology Analyzer Tool Software was similar to the calculation by using hand tally counter. It was because the result of t value was smaller than t of the 5% table. Based on the description of the hematocrit component, hemoglobin and leucocyte differentials, it could be said that nile tilapia and Striped Catfish were within the range of abnormalities.


Investment in stock is assumed to be the way of growing money quickly. But the problem is deciding upon which stock to invest in. Without any intelligence, investing in the stock would be gambling. But, thanks to researchers, it is widely believed that market sentiment, the sentiments that are hidden in the reviews or posts regarding that stock, are highly influential in determining the actual price. The main aim of this research is to provide a qualitative assessment of the correlation between historical stock prices and market sentiment at the time.


Using Lagrange equation,the six-degree of freedom vertical direction vibration model of semi-active vibration isolation system is established for railway passenger car."The passivity and semi-active random vibration isolation analyses"system simulation is compiled by MATLAB software for simulation research.At different parameter,time response and response variance of the displacement and acceleration are calculated about these vibration isolation models.The influences of spring rigidity damping,vehicle speed of vibration isolation are discussed.The effect of vibration isolation system of semi-active and passivity are contrasted with by nonlinear random vibration thesis.The parameters of semi-active random vibration isolation system are optimized.The results of the simulation computation demonstrate that the semi-active isolation vibration is better than passivity.Increasing the damping and decreasing the spring rigidity properly can realize the best effect of vibration isolation in the proper range,when the semi-active vibration isolation system is used really.


Use of animal models can increase scientific understanding of and clinical/educational intervention possibilities for persons with mental retardation. Information gathered through such models has provided an important foundation for both theory and practice. Progress in understanding and ameliorating intellectual disability through animal modeling will be enhanced by efforts to increase the validity of the models. That is, the models must capture not merely important behavioral/cognitive processes per se, but also processes that may be especially impaired in intellectual disability. The authors reviewed criteria for determining that a given individual has an intellectual disability, selected examples of research on animal behavior that have contributed to effective prevention and treatment approaches, and successful approaches for modeling behavioral retardation. Animal models using behavioral measures based on characteristics that discriminate human mental retardation may prove to provide the most valid and clinically relevant approach. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.


is summarized in three to four rows extracted from motivation, purpose, experimental/theoretical procedures and results of the author's work. (10 pt)


Abstract The paper presents a device devoted to detect and measure earth displacements produced by landslides. It is part of inclinometer type geotechnical instruments and is based on measuring the deformation produced to a rod vertically mounted into the ground during soil layers sliding. With respect to other commercial devices, our inclinometer is characterized by high sensitivity to very small deformations owing to special strain gauges utilized in its construction, and also by possibility of 3D measuring, it being able to gauge in depth the amplitude and orientation of the soil layers displacement.


What does gun ownership mean to armed women in a city in the Midwestern United States? Gun culture is an aspect of American life which has been neglected in anthropological literature. I examine how armed women I met and shot with told me how carrying guns 'empowers' them. Firearms allow them to break culturally produced stereotypes concerning their capacity for violence, allowing self-defence and facilitating empowerment. However, I argue that female gun ownership simultaneously reproduces heteronormativity as is relies on the assumption that women are inherently vulnerable, needing protection. Guns, a symbolically masculine object, are 'the equaliser' for women.


A brief qualitative analysis of widely different many body quantum systems is presented. It uses the framework of our new microscopic theory of a system of interacting bosons such as liquid He, which is published in the current issue of this journal (pp. 77–115). The analysis includes dilute bose gases such as Rb, low dimensional systems of interacting bosons, liquid He, atomic nucleus, and superconductors. It concludes that the basic aspects of all these systems can be understood in terms of the Bose Einstein condensation of (q, q) pairs. Our picture of superconductivity not only agrees with its BCS model but also helps in clarifying its several aspects.


This paper deals with the Interference between Fixed Satellite Service Earth Station (FSS-ES) receiver and Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) in term of possible separation distance, for Malaysian environment. The study began with detailed clarification of worldwide regulatory and C-Band user history. Subsequently, detailed calculations of the current and most useful formulas for path loss effect and clutter loss by using the existing parameters of both services had been done. Thereafter, FSS axis receiving gain and radiation pattern covered in term of maximum possible separation reduction. Moreover, Site shielding, isolation, off-Axis, In-Band and out of band have been discussed in several scenarios. Calculations, analysis and simulation have been done by using Matlab software. Extracted conclusions highlighted the subsistent situation and proposals for future work.


Combining the course of fuze warhoead coordination, this article introduces the main content of the fuze warhead coordination visualization and the software and hardware enviroments neccessary for realizing the fuze warhead coordination visualization. Two important technologies, or geometry modelling and transformming in visual processing, and the realization of the main content of fuze warhead coordination visuaization are discussed. And a briefing of the developed fuze warhead coordination visualization simulation software is made.


Sustainable development as a human effort to improve the quality of life, but still trying not to go beyond the ecosystem that supports life. Ideally, the sustainability of development requires an approach to achieving sustainability or sustainability of various aspects of life that include ecological, economic, sociocultural, political, and sustainability of defense and security. The concept of sustainability is a simple yet complex concept, so the notion of sustainability is also very multidimensional and multi-interpretation. This requires a deeper understanding of the meaning of sustainable development. This study analyzes the understanding of sustainable development process, understanding of performance in sustainable development process, and identification of factors and indicators of sustainable development performance in construction project through literature review approach with comparative analysis method. In its application, a number of literature were collected for comparisons of literary opinions as a basis for determining the variables and research factors. The results show that sustainable development is a development that seeks to meet the needs of today without reducing the ability of future generations to meet their needs, performance in the process of sustainable development is the result of work that has a strong relationship with the strategic goals of development that contribute to social and economic value, research factors are based on three principles of sustainable development, ie environmentally sustainable or ecological balance, socially responsible or social progress, and economically viable or economic growth.


John Dewey's work prefigures a distinct new science of democracy. Through its subtle appropriation of science and scientific method in the name of bold reflection upon the democratic ideal, it constitutes a worthy model for a postpositivist political science, serving to define the latter more precisely. Postpositivism functions, in turn, to retrieve important features of Dewey's thinking: not only the speculative parts overlooked by critics of his "scientism," but also the naturalist elements neglected by postmodernist pragmatists such as Richard Rorty. The analysis suggests that any political science decisively influenced by pragmatism will have to embrace both dimensions-the generic and the unique, the systematic and whatever escapes system-or it is not pragmatic. But neither, on Dewey's innovative reading, is it scientific. Considering Dewey's science of democracy and contemporary postpositivism together shows them to be genuine provocations-that is, challenges to think more lucidly and boldly about thought's place in democratic politics.


We prove that for all $p>1$, every relatively hyperbolic group has $\ell^p$ compression exponent equal to the minimum of the exponents of its maximal parabolic subgroups. Moreover, this embedding can be explicitly described in terms of given embeddings of the maximal parabolic subgroups.


Can a world-class mine be made better? The purpose of this paper is to examine the mine operations department at Highland Valley Copper and identify problems facing it. In total seven problems have been identified – some of which are internal in nature and others which the product of external forces. Proposed solutions include critical success factors and key performance indicators to help implement them. There will be emphasis on measuring and managing controllable steps rather than outcomes. A final analysis shows that all the problems can be improved upon through focusing on them and managing the people involved, but the key is complete participation by supervisors.


(CAT)reporter activity invitro. We determined that an element upstream fromtheputative transcriptional start site isnecessarytomaintain the regulatory responsetopurine andnucleotide levels incultured intestinal epithelial cells. Theseresults were tissue andcell typespecific andsuggest that intheabsence ofexogenouspurines, thepresenceofspecific factors influences transcriptional initiation ofHPRT.Thisinformation provides evidence fora mechanism bywhich theintestinal epithelium, whichhasbeenreported tolackconstitutive levels ofdenovo purine nucleotide biosynthetic activity, could maintain andregulate thesalvage ofpurines andnucleotides necessaryforitshigh rateofcell andprotein turnover during fluctuating nutritional andphysiological conditions. Furthermore, this information may provide more insight into regulation ofthebroadclass ofgenesrecognized bytheir lackof TATA andCCAAT boxconsensussequenceswithin theregion proximal tothepromoter.


The discrepancy of echocardiographic signs of right ventricular overload with the clinical picture and the level of plasma troponin concentration may underestimate the severity of the condition and lead to an inadequate choice of therapy, since all these parameters are currently determining the tactics of treatment of patients.Objective: to assess the prevalence and clinical characteristics of patients with pulmonary embolism with inconsistency of clinical, laboratory and instrumental picture.Material and methods. The course of the disease of 456 patients with pulmonary embolism was analyzed. 21 patients had a fatal outcome, the rest recovered. All patients underwent general clinical and biochemical blood tests, determination of the level of D-dimer and troponin, electrocardiography, echocardiography, ultrasound of the veins of the lower extremities, CT angiopulmonography, analysis of the results obtained.Results. It was found that among patients with high- and moderate-risk pulmonary embolism, women more often than men have an increase in the plasma concentration of troponin levels by 2.4 times, as well as a 3-fold discrepancy in the clinical and laboratory-instrumental picture with the presence of signs of right ventricular overload according to echocardiography data, which appear in dynamics. The phenomenon of "delayed echocardiography signs of overload of the right heart" is recorded in 0.8% of all patients with pulmonary embolism. At the same time, in patients with a high risk of early pulmonary embolism – associated death, its occurrence is 2.1%, and in patients with a moderately high risk – 4.4%. When comparing the prevalence of clinical and instrumental symptoms of pulmonary embolism in these patients with the data of patients with high and moderate risks of early death from pulmonary embolism, no statistically significant differences were found, including in terms of echocardiography in dynamics. The delay of еchocardiography signs of overload of the right parts of the heart" by 12–36 hours from the clinical picture, including in patients with hemodynamically significant pulmonary embolism, can be detected only with a series of еchocardiography, which allows, if necessary, timely review scope of treatment. In patients with pulmonary embolism with a pronounced lesion of the pulmonary artery, due to the rapidly progressing course of the disease, it is possible that the еchocardiography criteria of the disease do not have time to develop. In this case, an assessment of the stroke volume may play an important role, hover this parameter is non-specific for this disease.


Objective To investigate the effects of polysaccharide from Spirulina platensis (PSP) on the growth of HeLa cells. Methods The antiproliferation activities of PSP on HeLa cells were evaluated by MTT assay. The morphologic changes of HeLa cells were observed under light microscope. Cells division cycle was measured by flow cytometry. Results It was showed that with the increase of PSP concentration, the inhibited rate on HeLa cells increased and the survived rate declined; The HeLa cells exposed to PSP for 24~48h displayed significant morphologic changes; PSP had a specific effect on the HeLa cell division cycle, increased the number of cells in phase G 1. Conclusion These results indicated that the effects of PSP on HeLa cells may probably be attributed to increase of the number of cells in phase G 1.


Treatment of allenyne-1,6-diols with gold and silver catalysts selectively produced 2,5-dihydrofuran and furan derivatives, respectively, in good to excellent yields through the selective activation and differentiation of the double and triple bonds in allenyne-1,6-diols. It is noteworthy that the chemoselectivity is clearly switched by simply changing the metal from gold to silver.


Yield considerations led to die-disaggregation. Implementing complex functions on an SoC led to functional partitioning. These trends have spurred the need for integrating heterogeneous chip-lets from multiple fab vendors, using proprietary interconnect technology. Chip-let interconnects must be thoroughly tested, post packaging, to guarantee correct SoC functionality. This paper argues for the need to standardize test requirements for chip-let interconnects and features to be incorporated into such a standard. This can be part of IEEE 1838 standard for chip-let testing.


Background: Cardiopulmonary‐bypass (CPB) induces hyperglycemia. There is growing evidence that perioperative maintenance of blood glucose within the physiological range improves patients' outcome. Nevertheless, perioperative normoglycemia is often difficult to achieve during surgery with CPB and the response to insulin infusion is characterized by a considerable variability. The aim of this study was to determine to what extent the presence of pre‐operative metabolic syndrome (MS) influences the blood glucose and insulin response during cardiac surgery.


Britain First is a new far-right party that has made waves in its confrontational approach and Islamophobia. Here, Chris Allen profiles the group, writing that while in many ways they are a traditional far-right organisation, they are more than the mere sum of the parts left over by the BNP and EDL.


Objective:To reduce the incidence of lung infection after general anesthesia through disinfecting the anesthesic machine of internal loop.Methods:Anesthesic machines were used in four hundred cases who had no pre-operative infections and these cases were randomly divided into observation group and control group,200 cases each group;the disinfected internal loop anesthesic machines were used in these patients of observation group and,non disinfected internal loop anesthesic machines were used in those belonged to control group.Fever,productive cough,pulmonary rale,white blood cell count,chest X-ray and other indexes were monitored in two groups.Results:In observation group,pulmonary infection rate was 4.5%,while in control group,pulmonary infection rate was 16.5%,difference between the two groups had statistical significance(P0.01).Conclusions:The use of ZJ-XD-I multi-purpose medical instrument disinfection machine to disinfect the internal loop of the anesthesic machine can effectively reduce the incidence of lung infection in the general anesthesia patients.


The invention discloses a method for ensuring the security of client software. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, downloading the software by using a terminal, and adding terminal identity authentication information into a software packet by using a server; 2, transmitting a binding request to the server by using the terminal; 3, verifying the legality of the binding request, and if the binding request is legal, transmitting a binding success information to the terminal; 4, verifying the legality of the binding success information; 5, transmitting a login request to the server by using the terminal; 6, verifying the legality of the login request, and if the login request is legal, transmitting a login success information to the terminal; and 7, verifying the legality of the login success information, and if the login success information is legal, keeping a session. By the method, the software can be better prevented from being falsified; the security of communication between the terminal and the server can be ensured; replay attacks can be effectively prevented; the software can be detected whether to be falsified or not; and even though a hacker downloads the software and attacks the server by falsifying the software, only the terminal cannot be used normally and the normal use of other users may not be influenced.


We present results of a search for eclipsing binaries in the Magellanic Cloud fields covering central parts of these galaxies. The data were collected dur ing the second phase of the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment sur vey (OGLE-II) in 1997-2000. In total, about 1500 and 3000 eclipsing stars were found in the Small and Large Magellanic Cloud, respectively (Udalski et al. 1998, Wyrzykowski et al. 2003). The photometric data of all objects are available to the astronomical community from the OGLE Internet archive (http://sirius.astrouw.edu.pl/~ogle/). OGLE-II data contain a full va riety of classical eclipsing objects of all types: Algol EA-type, /3-Lyr EB-type and W UMA EW-type stars. Large samples of stars allow to study in detail statistical properties of eclipsing objects. OGLE data also contain many very unusual eclipsing stars. Examples include eclipsing variable B-type stars (Men-nickent et al. 2003), many spotted stars or eclipsing stars with a Cepheid as a component (Udalski et al. 1999). Recently three objects from the LMC reveal ing simultaneously RR Lyr and eclipsing binary type variability were discovered (Soszyhski et al 2003). If the follow-up observations confirm that both com ponents are physically bound and not optical blends these stars will provide a unique opportunity of direct determination of physical parameters of RR Lyr pulsating stars. The project, the 2003 epochs collected for LMC fields and 200 epochs for the SMC fields. The LMC and SMC fields galaxies. obtained


List of Musical Examples. Foreword by Pierre Bernac. Preface. 1. An Introduction to Singing in French. 2. Singing the Sounds of the French Language. 3. Liaison. 4. How to Phoneticize and Prepare the Text of a Song or Aria. 5. The Application of Diction Techniques to Other Aspects of Singing. 6. A Catalogue of French Vocal Repertoire. Appendix. Index of Vowel-letters, Single and in Combination. Index of Consonant-letters, Single and in Combination. Pronunciation of Proper Nouns Occurring in the Repertoire. Bibliography. Answer Key. Recording Illustrations (Flex-Record).


The contemporary legend canon contains many different kinds of legends, including but not limited to food contamination, embarrassing sexual situations and incidents with automobiles. However, there is a particular subset that involves a maniac (usually assumed to be male) attacking a victim who is usually young and female. I have dubbed these contemporary horror legends. They bear a strong resemblance to the violent and gory horror films I watched in my youth, which I refer to as slasher films. In these slasher films, teenaged victims are butchered by killers who are frequently male. Are slasher films merely using a different mode of transmission to tell the same stories as contemporary horror legends? In this thesis, I use textual and structural analyses to compare contemporary horror legends and slasher films: their modes of transmission, their depictions of gender and their audiences. Why do we continue to enjoy telling, and watching, these horror stories?


The invention deals with a shock absorber. According to the invention, it comprises at least one assembly of tubular elements (2) positioned end to end and two adjacent elements having differing sections, the one with the largest cross section being capable of breaking along its line of contact with the outside lateral wall (12) of the other element when an axial compression of predetermined magnitude is applied to the said elements to make them fit one inside the other in telescopic fashion.


The state regulation problem for nonlinear plants, P, with initial conditions in a prespecified region, G, is considered. An algorithm is presented. It yields a practically asymptotically stabilizing feedback controller from G, if one exists. Since the plant P is represented by discrete time mapping, which is only assumed to be continuous, the approach is widely applicable for plants of moderate order.<<ETX>>


Memoire presente en vu d'obtenir l' Habilitation a Diriger des Recherches, specialite " Informatique " par Nathalie Pernelle. Over the last fifteen years, I have focused on issues related to the general problem of enriching unstructured documents or structured RDF data with semantic information. This has been done following three main researchaxes. A first research axis has been dedicated to the definition of approaches that automatically construct class hierarchies over XML data when there is no domain ontology available. Since this work is rather old now, I will only describe it briefly in this chapter but I will not detail it in this thesis. In a second research axis, I have investigated different approaches that can be used to annotate unstructured data using available ontologies. A third research axis has been devoted to the enrichment of RDF datasets with identity links when RDF datasets conform to OWL ontologies.


The present work is a contribution to the study of the complex phenomenon of wear on a pin-disc dry sliding contact between two material couples (bronze/steel and unsaturated polyester virgin and charged with graphite powder/steel). It consists of the determination of the coefficient of friction, the study of the influence of the tribological parameters on this coefficient and the determination of the mass loss and the wear rate of the pin. This study is also widened to the highlighting of the influence of the addition of graphite powder on the tribological properties of the polymer constituting the pin. The experiments are carried out on a pin-disc type tribometer that we have designed and manufactured. They are realized according to the standards adopted by the tribological congress DIN 50321 and DIN EN 50324 for the representative parameters of a test. The discs are made of XC48 steel. Vickers hardness of their surfaces is Hv 224 for the annealed state, Hv 338 for the quenched and tempered at 500°C state and Hv 524 for the quenched and tempered at 250°C state. The pins are made of bronze and polyester. Pins in polyester are obtained by cutting and milling plates molded in virgin polyester and polyester charged with various mass percentages of a commercial graphite powder which did not undergo any chemical treatment (0%G, 1% G and 2% G). The principal results obtained are summarized below. The increase of the normal load and the sliding speed causes the increase of the friction coefficient whereas the increase of the percentage of graphite and the hardness of the disc surface contributes to its reduction. The mass loss also increases with the normal load. The influence of the normal load on the friction coefficient is more significant than that of the sliding speed. For the low speed values, the increase of the normal load leads to an increase of the coefficient of friction for the three states of hardness, while for high speed the growth of the normal load and the hardness of the disc surface has almost no effect on the coefficient of friction. The effect of the sliding speed decreases for large speed values. The increase of the amount of graphite powder leads to a decrease of the coefficient of friction, the mass loss and the wear rate. Indeed, an analysis of the recorded mass loss and coefficient of friction, for the three compositions studied, reveals that the lowest mass loss and the lowest coefficient of friction are obtained with the UP2 % G composition, for the three normal loads considered. The addition of graphite to the UP resin is beneficial; it plays the role of solid lubricant. Graphite contributes to the decrease of the mass loss by reducing the coefficient of friction.


Purpose : This study measured obiectively the accommodative responses stimulated by push-up method and minus lens method with the NVision-K 5001 open-field autorefractor, and compared the results with previously published data. Methods : Forty-five subiects aged 19 to 29 years (mean 22. 7±2.4 years) participated in this study. Three conditions were used to stimulate accommodation and accommodative responses were measured objectively by NVision-K 5001 : (1) push-up test under binocular viewing condition ; the target was placed at vergence ranging from 0-50 in 1D steps. (2) push-up test under monocular viewing condition ; the target was placed at vergence ranging from 1-50 in 1D steps. (3) minus lens test under monocular viewing condition ; a distant(6 m) target viewed through increasing powered minus lenses from 1-50 in 10 steps. Trial lens calibration procedures were also performed to assess the accuracy of the NVision-K 5001. Results : The calib1·ation of NVision-1< 5001 wilh trial lenses showed linear regression equation which was close to the idea! 1 : 1 line(y = -1.005x + 0.060, r2 = 0.999. p < 0.001). The accommodative responses measured with the NVision-K 5001 for the push-up and minus lens- stimulated accommodation progressively lagged behind the increasing acconunodative stimulus. 8oth push-up methods under monocular and binocular viewing conditions showed significanlly higher acconunodative responses than minus lens method(p < 0.001). Push-up method under binocular viewing condition demonstrated slightly higher accommodative responses compared with monocular condition, but the difference was not significant(p = 0.958). Conclusion : The objective accommodative responses stimulated by push-up and minus lens method and measured with open-field autorefractor showed good agreement with previously published data.


Breath is the flow of air between life and death. Breathing is an involuntary action that functions as the basis of all human activities, intellectual, artistic, emotional and physical. Starting from the question how breathing affects the body, levels of consciousness, perception and meaning, this book investigates through a variety of philosophical, critical and practical models, directly and indirectly related to breath, aiming to establish breath as a category in the production and reception of meaning within the context of theatre


The present invention relates to a solar cell having quantum dot nanowire array and the fabrication method. The solar cell according to the invention comprises a quantum dot nanowire array with a heterostructure, comprising a matrix and semiconductor quantum dots, and a semiconductor of the p-type and n-type, and electrodes each contacting the quantum dot nanowires. With the inventive solar cell, the band gap energy of the semiconductor quantum dot can be easily adjusted by changing the semiconductor quantum dots having different sizes are present in the quantum dot nanowire so that the photoelectric conversion in a wide spectrum from visible rays to infrared rays performed can. The quantum dot is embedded in the quantum dot nanowire array a high density, so that the light absorption can be maximized. The quantum dot nanowire contact across the semiconductor p-type and n-type over a wide range, whereby the conductivity of the electrons and holes can be improved.


Simple Summary Although studies have started to show that the effects of cover crops can translate into the cash cropping season, there is little information on the cascading effects of cover crops on the subsequent cash crop defenses, especially against polyphagous herbivores. To bridge this information gap, we conducted a field and laboratory study to investigate the cascading effects of different cover crop species on the subsequent cash crop defense against the polyphagous herbivore fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) across three fields in the Lower Rio Grande Valley in south Texas. Our field and laboratory results revealed that cover crop treatments differentially affected S. frugiperda growth and development. We also show that cover crops had a positive cascading effect on the growth and development of S. frugiperda on the subsequent cash crop. Collectively, our results add an additional line of evidence on how cover crops can affect pest dynamics outside the cash crop season. Abstract Recent studies have started to show that the benefits of cover crops can cascade to the cash crop growing seasons. However, the impact of cover crops on the subsequent cash crop defense against herbivores is not well understood. To test this, we conducted a field and laboratory study to assess the possible cascading effects of cover crops such as Vigna unguiculata, Sorghum drummondii, Raphanus sativus, and Crotalaria juncea on the subsequent cash crop (Sorghum bicolor) defense against the notorious polyphagous herbivore fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) across three farms in the Lower Rio Grande Valley. Our field and laboratory studies showed that the cash crop planted in the cover crop treatment differentially affected S. frugiperda. More specifically, we found that cover crops have positive effects on the growth and development of S. frugiperda on the subsequent cash crop, including both larval and pupal parameters. However, our experiments on physical and chemical defenses in cash crops failed to show any significant differences between cover and control. Collectively, our results add an additional line of evidence on the effects of cover crops on pest dynamics outside the cash crop season, a key consideration for the selection and management of cover crops and cash crops, whose underlying mechanisms need to be examined further.


In this work, we report a new family of viologen-based ionic porous hybrid polymers (V-iPHPs) with task-specific multiple catalytic active sites toward efficient catalytic fixation of carbon dioxide (CO2) to value-added cyclic carbonates. The targeted V-iPHPs were fabricated by the solvothermal Heck reaction between two newly designed viologen ionic linkers and octavinylsilsesquioxane (VPOSS). The obtained V-iPHPs possess tunable surface areas (150–562 m2 g–1) and pore volumes (0.41–1.82 cm3 g–1) along with adjustable ionic sites (0.92–1.47 mmol g–1). Especially, a plenty of silanol (Si–OH) groups are in situ formed via breaking polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane cages during the synthetic process. The typical catalyst V-iPHP-1 exhibits remarkable metal-free heterogeneous catalytic activities in the CO2 fixation with diverse epoxide substrates under very mild conditions. Besides, the heterogeneous catalyst V-iPHP-1 could be easily recovered with good reusability. The excellent catalytic performance coul...


Target recognition algorithms trained using finite sets of target and confuser data result in classifiers limited by the training set. Algorithms trained under closed set assumptions do not account for the infinite universe of confusers found in practice. In contrast, classification algorithms developed under open set assumptions label inputs not present in the training data as unknown instead of assigning the most likely class. We present an approach to open set recognition that utilizes class posterior estimates to determine probability thresholds for classification. This is accomplished by first training a support vector machine (SVM) in a 1-vs-all configuration on a training dataset containing only target classes. A validation set containing only class data belonging to the training set is used to iteratively determine appropriate posterior probability thresholds for each target class. The testing dataset, which contains targets present in the training data as well as several confuser classes, is first classified by the 1-vs-all SVM. If the estimated posterior for an input falls below the threshold, the target is labeled as unknown. Otherwise, it is labeled with the class resulting from the SVM decision. We apply our method to automatic target recognition (ATR) of ladar range images and compare its performance to current open set and closed set recognition techniques.


The paper presents the numerical calculation results on the magnetic field produced by one helical winding laying on the surface of a noncircular torus. The influence of the chosen poloidal cross-section shape of the torus on the parameters of the closed magnetic surface configuration has been investigated. The calculation results show that the change of a torus with circular cross-section by a torus with noncircular cross-section in the l=1 torsatron under consideration decreases the value of the mirror ratio on the magnetic surfaces by a factor of ~8. And other parameters of magnetic surfaces were changed no more than by a factor of 1.5 to 2. A feasibility of the simplest torsatron with central stochastic magnetic field line region is discussed. PACS: 52.55.Hc


Though metals are biologically important, increase in the threshold concentration of heavy metal in the environment may interfere with the metabolic activity of organisms. Heavy metal stress induces production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) viz. hydroxyl radical, superoxide radical or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Various antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and peroxiredoxin of SOD-ascorbate-glutathione cycle get activated during such stress. These enzymes are involved in ROS detoxification , and thereby protect the cells from oxidative stress. In this study, we explored activity of the antioxidant enzyme, superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the presence of heavy metals i.e., Cu and Cd in three freshwater ciliates, Tetmemena sp., Notohymena sp. and Euplotes sp. Heavy metals negatively affected the population growth of chosen ciliates which was measured as 24 h-LC50. The 24 h-LC50 doses of Cu and Cd, respectively were 0.14 and 2.44 mg/L for Tetmemena sp.; 0.74 and 5.06 mg/L for Notohymena sp.; and 0.17 and 2.24 mg/L for Euplotes sp. The levels of SOD were found to be significantly higher in the presence of Cu and Cd. Interestingly, exposure with Cu increased the SOD level at LC30 and LC50 doses, however, at higher concentration of Cu (i.e., LC70 dose), SOD level decreased. The results suggest that SOD may be used as an effective enzymatic biomarker to evaluate the toxic effects of heavy metals in the ciliate species.


Based on 3 major service themes, the Taipei
City Government has created an employment
security system to protect citizens' employment.
The city government's efforts in 2013 are as
follows:

1. Providing Diversified Employment Placement Services


In this paper, we study some conditions about invertible and Fredholm truncated Toeplitz operators which have unique symbols. For f ∈ L∞ , if Af is a Fredholm operator, then f |E ̸= 0 for any E ⊂ T with |E| > 0 . Moreover ind (Af ) = 0. In particular, if Af is invertible in L(K u) , then f is invertible in L∞ . Besides, we give some results about the kernel spaces of truncated Toeplitz operators. For f ∈ L∞ , we obtain the necessary and sufficient condition that the defect operator I −AfAf of truncated Toeplitz operator Af meeting some conditions is compact on the model space K u .


An experiment was carried out during the Rabi season of 2016, to study the impact of foliar spray of nutrients and seed treatment on protein uptake and protein yield of lathyrus (Lathyrus sativus L.) Under relay cropping system at the Agronomy Research Farm of IGKV, Raipur.The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Block Design with twelve treatments replicated thrice. highest cost of cultivation, gross return, net return and B:C ratio was found in treatment F5: 0.5% NPK (19:19:19) spray at branching and 15 days after 1st spray (11570.50, 29492.64, 18618.14, 1.712 Rs.ha-1, respectively), where as in case of seed treatment S2: seed treatment with Sodium molybdate @ 0.5 g kg-1 seed gave the maximum cost of cultivation, gross return, net return and B:C ratio (11308.17, 26475.39, 15583.39, 1.431 Rs.ha-1 , respectively).


Ethyl cellulose fibers containing tetracycline were produced by electrospinning,and the release process of tetracycline in aqueous solutions was measured and investigated by the ultraviolet-visible spectrometer method.It was found that the release of the tetracycline in water was delayed when the drug distributed inside the ethyl cellulose fiber.The drug delivery rate was controlled by the diameter of fibers and the tetracycline concentration in the fiber. The fiber with large diameter was better than that with small diameter in the controlled drug delivery.


We present a method for efficiently computing reachable sets and forward invariant sets for continuous-time systems with dynamics that include unknown components. Our main assumption is that, given any hyperrectangle of states, lower and upper bounds for the unknown components are available. With this assumption, the theory of mixed monotone systems allows us to formulate an efficient method for computing a hyperrectangular set that over-approximates the reachable set of the system. We then show a related approach that leads to sufficient conditions for identifying hyperrectangular sets that are forward invariant for the dynamics. We additionally show that set estimates tighten as the bounds on the unknown behavior tighten. Finally, we derive a method for satisfying our main assumption by modeling the unknown components as state-dependent Gaussian processes, providing bounds that are correct with high probability. A key benefit of our approach is to enable tractable computations for systems up to moderately high dimension that are subject to low dimensional uncertainty modeled as Gaussian processes, a class of systems that often appears in practice. We demonstrate our results on several examples, including a case study of a planar multirotor aerial vehicle.


In vitro antibacterial activities of cefquinome against five pathogenic bacteria were investigated,and compared with those of other three antimicrobial agents including ceftiofur,ampicillin and ciprofloxacin.The results showed that cefquinome was a potent and broad spectrum antibacterial agent.Cefquinome showed the highest activity against Staphylococcus aureus,with the minimun inhibitory concentration(MIC) of 1~2 μg/mL.The activity of cefquinome against E.coli,with the MIC of≤0.031~0.25 μg/mL,was similar to that of ciprofloxacin,but more potent than those of ceftiofur and ampicillin.The activity of cefquinome against Streptococcus,with the MIC of≤0.031~1 μg/mL,was almost the same as those of ceftiofur and ampicillin,and more active than that of ciprofloxacin.Cefquinome had an excellent activity against Pasteurella multocida and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae,with the MIC of≤0.031~0.5 μg/mL and ≤0.031 μg/mL,respectively,and was comparable to those of ceftiofur and ciprofloxacin,but more potent than that of ampicillin.


73 Assignee: Societe Des Ceramiques Techniques, A membrane for a filtration, gas or liquid separation or Bazet, France pervaporation apparatus comprising at least one porous layer of an inorganic material selected from sintered 21 Appl. No.: 645,767 ceramic, sintered metal, sintered glass or carbon and a 22 Filed: Jan. 25, 1991 separating layer of organic material, the membrane being characterized in that said organic material is a 30 Foreign Application Priority Data polyphosphazene, in that the average diameter of the Jan. 22, 1991 FR France .. 9 OO679 pores in said porous layer of inorganic material is be a -1 a 4 kW is 4kwW x as 8 8 + 8 as assass was as tween about 5 nm and um, and in that said separating


This paper presents a linear voltage-to-time converter (VTC) in 40nm CMOS technology. An inverter-based amplifier is utilized to improve the linearity of the proposed VTC. A digital controlled switched charge pump is used to generate four different current so that this VTC can operate with variable conversion gain. The VTC is designed for time-based ADCs. The simulation results shows that SFDR of the VTC can be greater than 60dB and THD can be lower than −54dB for all working modes. The VTC's conversion gain is above 2ns/V in all operating modes.


Microcanonical variational transition state theory calculations were applied to the reaction C6HsBr'' C6H5+ + Br' in bromobenzene. Calculations were compared with experimental results for C6HS+ time-resolved photoionization efficiency curves and available k ( E ) data for this system. Calculations demonstrate, in agreement with previous results for CHI'', that multiple transition states are possible for single-well potintials of ionic systems. However, comparison with experiments indicates the dominance of the orbiting transition state over a wide energy range above threshold. Further extension of k ( E ) measurements to higher energies is recommended, in order to be able to confidently rule out transition-state switching to a tight transition state as E increases.


ABSTRACT Continuing professional development (CPD) within a low resourced education environment necessitates context specific and needs-driven learning, particularly in Physical Education (PE) where personal and systemic barriers impede negatively on teachers and children's educational experiences. This paper provides evidence-based guidelines as to how an action learning approach to CPD for PE might empower teachers to direct their own learning within low resource environments. A participatory action learning and action research design, using qualitative data generation methods, guided the inquiry. Ten teachers from two low resourced schools in South Africa, through participation in an action learning process, ultimately deduced five guidelines from their reflective enquiry to guide teachers to collaborate to transform their teaching of PE. The action learning approach to CPD supports teachers to take ownership of and responsibility for their CPD within the subject of PE. Ultimately, learning how to learn, enables teachers to champion sustainable change through establishing ongoing communities of practice.


THE AMERICAN Chemical Society honored Department of Energy Secretary Samuel W. Bodman, Sen. Lamar Alexander (R-Tenn.), and Rep. Bart Gordon (D-Tenn.) with its Public Service Award during an April 30 ceremony on Capitol Hill. The awards, established in 1997 under ACS Past-President Ronald Breslow, recognize outstanding contributions to the development of public policy that benefits chemistry and the sciences. ACS President Bruce E. Bursten applauded the awardees for their "vision and courage" and cited their leadership in "building the bipartisan consensus to advance the innovation agenda." Gordon, chairman of the House Science & Technology Committee, has worked to advance innovation legislation in the House. He was deeply involved in passage of the America Competes Act, which aims to strengthen math and science education and to increase opportunities for teachers. Alexander has been a central figure in creating a national agenda to enhance U.S. innovation and competitiveness. His efforts led to the Nation...


The invention relates to a device for supporting a functional part, in particular a roof grab handle, in a vehicle, with a retaining element on which the operating part is directly or indirectly secured, wherein the holding element has a holding element side pivot region of at least about which a holding-member portion at an in substantially in the direction of the holding element acting pressure force relative to a further holding element portion foldable and / or pivotable. According to the invention the at least one hinge region, viewed in cross section, by projecting from the holding element level holding member profile portion (14; 25) formed of at a pressure force of the holding member (a profile section side trained collapsible and / or pivot axis 20 (3 24) ; 36) pops up or collapses.


In order to perform the advantages of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), a method of UAV path planning is proposed based on Rapidly-exploring Random Tree (RRT) algorithm, which is adapt to the features of complexity and flexibility in battlefield environment. Firstly, the kinematic model of UAV was built and the characteristics and deficiencies of traditional RRT algorithm were analyzed. Secondly, the strategies of trajectory correction comprising node removal and transition trajectory were put forward. Then the simulation and flight experiment were carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the method is able to realize the path planning safely and rapidly. Moreover, the planned path can satisfy the requirement of following, which is significant for flight of UAV in complex environment.


Objective:To investigate the effect of carrying out health education in operate patients with hemorrhoids.Methods:200 cases of patients who suffered from hemorrhoids and accepted operation in our hospital during Jun-Oct 2008 were assigned into study group,these patients accepted healthy education before operation.198 cases of patients who suffered from hemorrhoids and accepted operation in our hospital during Jan-May in 2008 were assigned into control group.These patients only were educated by traditional method.Patients of two groups all accepted questionnaire investigation after they were operated one week.Meanwhile,incidence rates of postoperative complication were compared between two groups.Results:Prehension rate of correlatde knowledge,qualification rate of healthy education and satisfaction rate to nursing service in study group were all higher than these rates in control group(P﹤0.05).Incidence rate of postoperative complication in control group was lower than in control group(P0.05).Conclusion:If operated patients of hemorrhoids accepted healthy education before operation,prehension rate of correlatde knowledge,qualification rate of healthy education and satisfaction rate to nursing service would be obviously improved,and incidence rate of postoperative complication would be obviously degraded.Meanwhile,nursing staff'state of the art in special course of study and educational level in healthy education would be elevated.Therefore,healthy education should be spreaded and would become one kind of valuable educational methods.


Abstract Terms in the budgets of turbulence kinetic energy, temperature and humidity variances, and temperature and humidity fluxes have been evaluated for a baroclinic, convective boundary layer using data obtained from the NCAR Electra aircraft during the Air Mass Transformation Experiment (AMTEX). Although the mean temperature and momentum budgets, which were also evaluated, are strongly influenced by the horizontal temperature gradient, the second-moment budgets are little affected. The mean momentum budget is not well balanced, probably due to a combination of neglect of horizontal advection (aircraft advection measurements are shown to be statistically unreliable) and error in the surface geostrophic wind. For the most part, the measured terms in the second-moment budgets agree with previous estimates. Turbulence dissipation, however, was systematically less than that found in previous tower-based experiments. We find that over most of the mixed layer the temperature variance is maintained by turbul...


A Passive Flier In article number 2206752, Hao Zeng and co‐workers report a soft actuator assembly capable of windassisted dispersal and lift‐off/landing action under the control of a light beam. The design is inspired by the seed of dandelion, resembling several biomimetic features, i.e., high porosity, lightweight, and separated vortex ring generation under a steady wind flow.


Based on the grid voltage orientated vector control technique, a novel integral variable structure controller for current control of variable speed doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbines near cut-in wind speed is proposed. The proposed current controller can not only ensure generators' safe cut-in switches to the grid, but also maximum energy capture after switch motion without any regulations. By these, simulations of a 1.5 MW DFIG-based wind turbine near cut-in wind speed are separately conducted under integral variable structure control (IVSC) and PI control. The results show that IVSC strategy, which gives better dynamic response, less static error, smaller controller output dithering, stronger global robustness against generator parameters uncertainty and the grid voltage fluctuation, as well as needless controller regulation after cutting-in the grid, obviously preponderates over traditional PI control for DFIG-based wind turbines near cut-in speed.


The good performances of model predictive control for power converters were demonstrated for multi-objective control. A relevant example is the multilevel flying capacitor electronic converter in which both capacitor voltages and output current have to be controlled. Moreover, the efficiency is an essential factor in electrical converter design but few papers focused on it in the control point of view. This paper presents a predictive control scheme for a multilevel converter which minimizes a cost function including a loss related term. The inclusion of a large number of elements into the cost function requires the tuning of many parameters. Normalization of the cost function is introduced in order to help the control designer to choose suitable parameters. Simulation and experimental tests prove that a trade-off between efficiency and accuracy can be achieved by controller adjustment.


Glimepiride is a third generation sulfonylurea antidiabetic drug. It is practically insoluble in water; this poor aqueous solubility and slow dissolution may lead to irreproducible clinical response or therapeutic failure due to sub therapeutic plasma drug levels. Low oral bioavailability results in wasting of a large portion of an oral dose. To circumvent these drawbacks glimepiride was entrapped in novel vesicular carrier system (Ethosomes) to improve therapeutic efficacy of glimepiride via transdermal route. Therefore current work was aimed to formulate, characterize and evaluate the transdermal potential of ethosomes encapsulating glimepiride. Vesicular shape, surface morphology and entrapment efficiency were determined by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and minicolumn centrifugation technique respectively. In contrast to liposomes, ethosomes were of more condensed vesicular structure and they were found to be oppositely charged. The ethosomal formulation were found to be more efficient delivery carriers with high entrapment and optimal nanometric size range and low polydispersity index in comparison with plain drug solution and liposomal formulation. The ethosomal formulations exhibited entrapment efficiencies of 42–78%. In vitro percutaneous permeation experiments demonstrated that the permeation of glimepiride through rat skin was significantly increased when ethosomes were used. Kinetics of in-vitro skin permeation showed zero order drug release from formulations. The flux from ethosomes was 3-fold higher than liposomal solution. FT-IR studies revealed that when skin was treated with ethosomal formulation ceramides got loosened leading to breaking of hydrogen bond networks at the head of ceramides due to penetration of ethosomal into the lipid bilayers of SC. Results suggested ethosomes to be the most proficient carrier system for dermal and transdermal delivery of glimepiride.


A smart card with an interface 12 for providing power to a microprocessor 22 having a shunt regulator 24 for controlling a voltage supply thereto, wherein the regulator 24 uses a comparator 32 to compare the voltage supply to a first reference voltage supply 34 to produce a control voltage 36 which is compared to a second reference voltage supply 42 to detect when the microprocessor 22 is drawing too much current from the interface.


We assessed oxygen and carbon dioxide tension during sleep in 7 healthy preterm infants between 36 and 52 wks. conceptual age in 4 wks. intervals and related the mean values, obtained separately during both regular (without apnoea) and periodic breathing in quiet sleep to the entire profile of apnoea at each age studied.During regular breathing the mean oxygen tension gradually increased from 71 mmHg at 40 wks. to 80 mmHg at 52 wks. and the mean carbon dioxide tension decreased over the same period of time from 57 to 51 mmHg, while the total amount of apnoea showed a sharp decline from 13% at 40 wks. to 1.7% at 52 wks. Thus, there was an inverse relation between the mean oxygen tension during regular breathing (without apnoea) and the total amount of apnoea beyond 40 wks. conceptual age. During periodic breathing the mean oxygen tension also steadily increased from 63 to 73 mmHg between 40 and 52 wks. but remained always well below ( 7-10 mmHg ) the corresponding values of regular breathing.Whereas in general recurrant hypoxemia is supposed to be due to single apneic events, our data clearly show that also oxygen tension during regular breathing is related or even determined by the apnoea profile.


Manary's work is not confined to the operational research described in this paper. He has done distinguished work on the more basic aspects of the problem, as shown by studies on protein metabolism (11), hypophosphataemia (12) and oxidative damage in kwashiorkor (13). At the same time, he has not neglected practical public health by contributing to the organization of nutrition rehabilitation centres in rural areas. It is to be hoped that some agency or government will see fit to provide substantial and continuing support for this almost holistic approach.


Wheeler confirms Brice's Linear A material for publication (formerly Scripta Minoa III) has arrived at the Society. He invites Brice for a meeting to discuss editing the material.


Summary A high concentration of serum sperm antibodies can be received by subcutaneous injection of Holstein semen to rabbits and yak calves. Purified sperm antibodies can be prepared from this serum. Injection of sperm antibodies to the different species or same species of animals can produce serum against sperm antibodies. Both sperm antibodies and sperm anti-antibodies have a strong specificity. A 27.95% and 22.21% of conception rate of interspecies crossing yak with cattle is increased by actively immunizing yak females with sperm antibodies or passively immunizing with anti-antibodies respectively. Meanwhile, economic benefit is significantly increased.


Nowadays, the use of web applications is an important need for users, more than a third of critical risks found in web applications can be attributed to injections. According to OWASP, XSS is an injection attack in which an attacker inserts a malicious script within the browser's victim in order to exercise significant activities. To resist this attack, various techniques have been designed and deployed, unfortunately, these techniques remain insufficient to perfectly protect web applications particularly, those which are based on classical tools. In this survey, we highlight the principle of XSS attack and different XSS categories, we discuss existing mechanisms especially based on intelligent systems to Figure out what is done and how the XSS attack detection problem is handled. In addition, we make a comparative study of some existing approaches and we discuss their issues.


It is proved that, under the usual measurability and the square-integrability conditions, the stochastic integral of an operator-valued integrand with respect to a continuous local martingale in Hilbert spaces can be defined for almost every sample path via a sequence of simple progressively measurable approximations. The result generalizes McKeanls construction of the It6 integral with respect to a one-dimensional Brownian motion


Presents optical reflectivity spectra for several 3d transition-metal intercalates of the group-Va transition-metal dichalcogenides. They discuss these results with reference to other optical and transport data for such materials. They show that there exists a correlation between certain features of the reflectivity spectra and the particular 3d transition-metal intercalate in a given host material. Similar correlations have previously been found for other physical properties, which have been interpreted as indicating an important interaction in these materials between the conduction electrons and the localised electrons on the 3d transition-metal ions.


Thanks to the application of the immersed boundary approach in the finite cell method, the mesh can be defined independently from the geometry. Although this leads to a significant simplification of the mesh generation, it might cause difficulties in the solution. One of the possible difficulties will occur if the exact solution of the underlying problem exhibits a kink inside an element, for instance at material interfaces. In such a case, the solution turns out less smooth – and the convergence rate is deteriorated if no further measures are taken into account. In this paper, we explore a remedy by considering the partition of unity method. The proposed approach allows to define enrichment functions with the help of a high‐order implicit representation of the material interface. (© 2015 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The authors report about accurate monitoring of ultralow La doses inserted in advanced high-k/metal gate stacks for threshold voltage tuning purposes. Three characterization techniques are implemented for precise and reproducible lanthanum quantification. Low energy electron x-ray emission spectrometry capabilities are highlighted in terms of sensitivity and accuracy, thanks to a comparison with reference results obtained by Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry. The capabilities of state-of-the-art Auger nanoprobes for depth profiling in the subnanometer range are also illustrated.


In this essay I set current reappraisals of the secular, of secularism, and of secularization, in the context of the ways in which law regulates religion in the U.S. today. Religion under the rule of law—as it is practiced in the United States. Virtually all Americans today, however orthodox their asserted religious identities, Protestant or Catholic or Jewish or Muslim, claim the right to associate themselves with religious communities—and religious ideas and practices—as they see fit, to define the terms of any such an association, to change their religious identities and associations at will, and to "mix and match" religious traditions. That right is understood to be authorized by political, legal, and theological narratives and texts and is changing the legal phenomenology of religion in the U.S.


This paper presents an active transmitter (TX) cancellation scheme for FDD that synthesizes a replica of the TX current in shunt with the receiver (RX), virtually shorting out the TX signal for the RX while having minimal impact on TX insertion loss. The prototype in 65nm CMOS demonstrates >50dB cancellation of a +12.6dBm peak 20MHz modulated TX signal. A receiver integrated on the same prototype is able to down-convert the RX signal at 40MHz offset with <;4.3dB noise figure (NF) degradation in the presence of the residual TX.


In order to solve the problem of phase ambiguity in the parameter estimation of Ultra-Wideband Radar signal,a method based on the resolving phase ambiguity technology of staggered PRI in ultra-wideband Radar is proposed. This method provides a better solution to the contradiction between phase ambiguity and parameter estimation accuracy,which can realize the higher accuracy of signal parameter under the condition of low signal to noise ratio. Under the condition of gaussian white noise comparison of the narrowband LFM signal and the ultra-wideband LFM signal is analyzed theoretically and simulated. This method has proved effective.


As the demand of radio spectrum increases and the global spectrum remains underutilized, the research community must build new alternatives for facing this issue. The Cognitive radio appears as a promising solution to this problem, since it provides several model and algorithms for dynamic spectrum access. In this work, we propose a Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm that tunes the operating parameters of the radio, in order to improve the spectrum utilization. More specifically we adopt three objectives function: the energy consumption, the bit error rate and the throughput.


Students in criminology classes in both Poland and the United States were asked their opinion about causes of crime and the response to criminals in the other country. The authors performed a content analysis of those student comments. This paper reviews the responses from each group of students in the areas of "causes of crime" and "criminal justice policy". Discussion of the comments centers on comparison of the two samples and on the way political/economic ideology may be reflected in the responses.


Here, climatological datasets with high spatial and temporal resolution are used to simulate the electrical energy production from photovoltaic (PV) installations and wind turbines. For the solar radiation the CM SAF SARAH 2.1 dataset is used, which includes global and direct radiation with a temporal resolution of 30 minutes and a grid spacing of 0.05°. The data is available from 1983 to 2017. The regional reanalysis COSMO-REA6 provides hourly wind speed data from 1995 to 2015 with a spatial resolution of 6km. Based on these datasets capacity factors are calculated for PV and wind energy for Germany. Using the spatial distribution of solar panels and wind turbines as well as electrical power generation data from 2015 the simulated capacity factors were converted into (potential) hourly power generation in Germany from 1995 to 2015.


This paper will explore and critically analyse national strategies for oceans governance and protecting marine biodiversity from a transnational perspective. For example, during 2016 New Zealand launched a public consultation exercise regarding a new Marine Protected Areas Act, and published statistical reports on the marine environment and the marine economy and a biodiversity action plan. More recently, the previous New Zealand government advised that a major plank of its legislative program during 2017 would be the enactment of the new Marine Protected Areas Act.


A kinetic model involving effectiveness factor of external diffusion was proposed based on the experimental data on the benzene alkylation with long-chain olefins over solid acid catalyst at different mass flow velocities.The model can be used for the determination of experimental conditions at which the resistance of external diffusion was eliminated.The model parameters were evaluated,and the model was justified by variance analysis and residual analysis.The agreement between the prediction values by the kinetic model and experimental data was satisfactory.The results showed that the external diffusion factor went up with increasing mass flow velocity sharply at first,then approached 1 slowly.When the reaction time was prolonged,the external diffusion factor increased continuously.If the alkylation rate increased,the weight hourly space velocity required for eliminating the influence of external diffusion raised.The results indicated that the effect of external diffusion for the benzene alkylation with long-chain olefins over solid acid catalyst could be eliminated when the mass flow velocity was 4.0 g·cm-2·h-1.


A 12-bit 200 MS/s pipelined successive-approximation-register (SAR) analogue-to-digital-converter (ADC) implemented in 40 nm CMOS is presented. Such an ADC consists of two asynchronous SAR ADCs and a dynamic amplifier, which consumes a static power of 1.2 mW (the total power is 8 mW) and occupies an area of 0.046 mm2. The inter-stage gain is affected by the parasitic capacitance in SAR ADCs as well as the gain of the dynamic amplifier, which is variable with respect to process-voltage-temperature (PVT). A background calibration of the inter-stage gain is proposed to adjust the inter-stage gain and to track the PVT variables. The measurement results show that, with calibration, the spurious-free-dynamic-range (SFDR) and signal-to-noise-and-distortion-ratio (SINAD) can be improved from 68 dB and 61 dB to 78 dB and 63 dB, respectively. The dynamic performance was stable under different VT conditions.


In the prospective study conducted in Israel by Boltin et al among primary care physicians (PCPs), the rate of recommendation of a 4-drug treatment protocol for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication increased from 3.8% in 2015 to 37.1% in 2018 (P<0.001) [1]. Likewise, the number of PCPs who recommended bismuthor levofloxacin-based therapy for second-line treatment increased from 30.3% in 2015 to 77.1% in 2018 (P<0.001). Independent predictors for a 4-drug treatment protocol included central clinic location, exposure to printed educational materials, and exposure to the social media platform. In contrast, there were no independent predictors of compliance with second-line treatment. Accordingly, the authors concluded that PCP compliance with H. pylori guidelines remains suboptimal but educational initiatives and direct webbased interaction between PCPs and gastroenterologists may be effective [1]. Focusing on the options chosen in the second-line treatment, we observed that the number of PCPs who repeated the first-line treatment decreased from 6.7% to 5.9%. Although this reduction was not statistically significant (P=0.58), it indicates a positive cultural trend. In other regions of the world, opposite trends have recently been reported. Li et al found that in Shanghai, China, clarithromycin-containing regimens were used repeatedly to eradicate H. pylori infection in 60.8% of patients, while levofloxacin-containing regimens were repeated in 30.0% [2]. In Turin, northwestern Italy, we found that during the period 2014-2016 the same treatment was repeated after a failure in 15.1% of patients, compared with 3.9% in the period 20042006 (P<0.0001). Furthermore, while in the period 2004-2006 all repetitions were prescribed by PCPs, over the period 20142016 PCPs were responsible for 78.8% of prescriptions. In the specialist setting, the repetition of the same regimen ranged from 0% in the period 2004-2006 to 18.2% during the period 2014-2016, at the limit of statistical significance (P=0.088) [3]. Hence, in our area there is an increasing trend to repeat the same treatment after a first failure, despite a long background aDepartment of Surgical Sciences (Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone); bUnit of Gastroenterology (Rinaldo Pellicano), Molinette Hospital, Turin, Italy


Background: The relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) is a significant health problem and more prominent in developing countries where TB is endemic and DM prevalence increases. The prevalence of pulmonary TB increases with increasing prevalence of DM. Uncontrolled diabetic patients with high hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels cause TB to become more severe and are associated with higher mortality and also have a significant effect on radiological manifestations of pulmonary TB.
Methods: The was a case-control study conducted between January to December 2016 at RSUP H Adam Malik, Medan to 43 with TB-DM patients and 41 TB-without DM patients was studied from. Radiological examination with chest radiograph was done in both groups of samples. The HbA1c levels was examined in the TB with DM group.
Result: Compared with TB-without DM group, the TB with DM group significantly had far advanced tuberculosis lesions (OR=3.8; 95% CI=1.37-10.47; P=0.01), more atypical lesions atipikal (OR=6.29; 95% CI=2.43-16.25; P


Purpose: The main aim of the study was to determine the level of self-care knowledge and practices among diabetic patients in Thika level 5 Hospital. Methodology: Cross-sectional study design was used in this study. The target population included patients living with diabetes seeking medical services at the diabetic clinic at Thika Level V hospital. Being the largest referral hospital that served patients form the entire Kiambu County, the hospital was purposely selected. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 190 respondents among patients visiting the diabetic clinic. Structured questionnaire that was interviewer administered was used to collect data. SPSS version 21 software was used for data analysis. Findings: The mean diabetes knowledge score was 7.7 out of a total of 14 and the mean self-care activities score was 7.6 out of a total of 14, indicating a deficit in a number of key areas in the knowledge and self-management of diabetes. There was statistical significant relationship between patient's level of knowledge of diabetes self-care practices and age (χ 2 (4, N=190) = 10.189, p = .037), education level, (χ 2 (6, N=190) = 17.861, p = .007) and employment status, (χ 2 (6, N=190) = 16.655, p = .011).Statistically significant association was also found between adherence to recommended diabetes selfcare practices and age, χ 2 (4, N=190) = 4.501, p = .034, education level, χ 2 (6, N=190) = 15.616, p = .016, employment status, χ 2 (1, N=190) = 3.830, p = .005. Pearson correlation between knowledge of diabetes self-care practices and adherence to diabetes self-care practices was weak in strength and statistically significant r (188) =0.367, p=< 0.01. This implies that the three factors are significant determinants of the level of self-care knowledge and practices among diabetic patients in Thika level V hospital. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The research demonstrated gaps in self-care knowledge and adherence to self-care practices. Moreover patient's level of knowledge hardly translated to good self-care practices. It is hence important to integrate behavioral change theories into the diabetes educational interventions which may facilitate problem solving skills that will enhance the application of acquired knowledge among the diabetic patients. In addition, more research is warranted to explore patients' perceptions and attitude towards the effectiveness of their self-care management so the diabetic education can be tailored according to patients' needs.


Many drugs used in clinical practice today are administered as a racemic mixture. As a consequence, these drugs can often be associated with complex pharmacokinetics and observed toxicities compared to drugs that are administrated as a single enantiomer. It is well established that two enantiomers of a chiral drug commonly possess different pharmacological properties. In addition to variable pharmacodynamic properties, numerous studies have shown that the individual enantiomers of a chiral drug often display stereoselectivity in pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and drug disposition, particularly in the area of drug metabolism. This chapter attempts to provide a representative appraisal of the various stereochemical aspects associated with the metabolism and toxicity of chiral drugs.

Keywords:

metabolism;
toxicity;
chiral;
enantiomer;
stereochemical


The invention provides a track surface scratch detection system, which comprises a visual subsystem and an image processing subsystem. The visual subsystem comprises an optical module used for collecting track surface images, a temperature control module used for monitoring and controlling the ambient temperature for operation, and a range measurement module used for outputting a range pulse and providing range information; the image processing subsystem comprises a left track image acquisition and processing module, a right track image acquisition and processing module and a data processing module; wherein the left track image acquisition and processing module and the right track image acquisition and processing module are respectively comprises an image acquisition module, an image identification module and an image viewing module; and the data processing module is used for displaying identified scratch images and outputting real scratch records after manual confirmation. The invention solves the problems of detecting the track surface state of lines with speed improvement, special lines for passenger transportation and existing lines, and has the advantages of simple use, low manufacturing cost and the like.


Red-necked Avocet Recurvirostra novaehollandiae was seen near the road between Diamantina Lakes and Davenport Downs stations (23 degrees 52' S, 141 degrees 08' E) on the 29 August 1981, approximately four kilometres from the nearest sizeable body of water in the Diamantina channels, and about 200 metres from a dry watercourse.


Objective:To investigate the status of statin using in secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cerebral ischemia and to provide clues for improving the secondary prevention.Methods:The study was a crosssectional investigation.All inpatients with diagnosis of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction or TIA(transient ischemia attack) from four second class hospitals in Bejing were recruited.The status of statins using in secondary prevention of cerebral ischemia during hospitalization and at 3-month after discharging were investigated.Results:458 patients met the recruiting criteria,and 408 of them got a 3-month follow up.the using proportion of statin agents was 35.7% during hospitalization and 22.3% at 3-month follow up.showing a bad compliance.Sex、economic burden、education、risk factors of cerebral ischemia and the type of cerebral vascular disease were not associated with the bad compliance of statin agents.The rate of recurrent cerebral ischemia and cardiovascular disease were 4.9%(22 patients) and 0.5%(2 patients) at 3-month after discharging.Only 9.1%(2 patients) of them were still treated with statins.Conclusion:The status of statins using in secondary prevention on cerebral ischemia in second class hospitals in Beijing were not optimistic.We should pay more attention to the compliance with statins in secondary prevention of cerebral ischemia.


The article touches upon the problem of actual division of text on the example of H.Haasis's story The Vengeance of Joseph Suss Oppenheimer. The author analyses elements of discourse demonstrating com-bination of ethnical linguistic, temporal and literary interaction of different sources as the extension of the theme raised in the earlier works.


Exercise is part of type 1 diabetes (T1D) management due to its cardiovascular and metabolic benefits. However, despite using continuous glucose monitoring, many patients are reluctant to exercise because of fear for hypoglycaemia.


In this paper an isolated full bridge boost converter (IFBC) firstly is modeled. In the modeling part, a small signal equivalent of the converter is developed. From the small signal model, the converter transfer function is derived. Based on the obtained transfer function, challenges of controller design are discussed. In the next step a digital PI controller is designed and implemented in a FPGA to control the output voltage. Using the injection transformer method the open loop transfer function in closed loop is measured and modeling results are verified by experimental results.


This text takes aim at researching the effects of the deindustrialisation on the collective identity of elderly people through a case study of a small society in the South of Sweden, namely Perstorp. The methods applied, a group interview and a narrative analysis of the gathered interview material, lay the foundation for the following discussion. The material indicates that the collective identity and collective memory of the elderly people of Perstorp consist of two parts: a memory of how it used to be during the industrial times and how the society is structured today. The analysis shows, according to the narrative of the elderly that the today's society is not functioning as well as it used to. This indicates a disappointment in sharp contrast to the narrative about the past. Through contextualization, the study is intended to demonstrate resemblance with a general European context, in which deindustrialisation has changed society throughout. (Less)


The authors develop an approach to reveal segmentation in response to marketing variables at a brand-level perspective. In the proposed procedure, response segmentation is analyzed separately for each brand instead of jointly across all brands. This yields a segmentation picture oriented toward the potential targeting objectives of the brand manager. Using the multinomial logit and probabilistic mixture models, the procedure first calibrates consumer response in the brand choice decision. Individual-level measures of response for a given marketing variable (e.g., price) are then computed, and brand-level segments are obtained by clustering brand-specific response. Using scanner panel data, the approach is applied to price response segmentation for brands that compete in the ground coffee category. The results illustrate a series of implications for brand strategy, particularly the potential for targeting marketing activity to different response segments.


Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a common disorder of the gut-brain interaction (previously named functional gastrointestinal disorders). Recent data evaluate its prevalence to 7% worldwide. FD is classified into epigastric pain syndrome (EPS) and PDS (PDS). While the diagnosis of FD is standardized thanks to the work of the Rome Foundation committees, the therapy is far from being satisfactory. A recent European guide found few strong recommendations, reflecting the lack of sufficient data for high levels of evidence. This review is presenting possibilities of management of FD. Therapeutic indications should target the main symptoms and be proportionate to the severity.


Surface-immobilized monolayers of fluorescent molecular sensors consisting of a short conjugated oligo(p-phenylene ethynylene) core end-capped with an acceptor fluorophore (analyte receptor) display significant signal amplification due to enhanced intermolecular energy transfer within the monolayer. This general phenomenon offers a superior platform for designing ratiometric fluorescent sensors. An example of how this can be used to convert a narrow-range threshold fluorescent pH indicator (fluorescein) to a broad-range ratiometric fluorescent chemosensor is described.


Using the improved ECOM model and coupling the sediment transport model, the dynamic mechanism of estuarine maximum turbidity zone in an idealized estuary is studied in this paper. The estuarine maximum turbidity zone is located at the stagnation point. Both the up-stream and down-stream residual currents convey sediments to the stagnation point that induces the convergence of sediments, and the upwelling current induced by the convergence of flow field makes sediment difficult to settle down near the stagnation point. The high-salinity water brought by the salt water intrusion lies in the bottom layer of the north coast, and its baroclinic effect induces the bottom current to flow from north to south, conveying horizontally the high concentration sediment from north to south coast, which converges at the bottom layer of the south coast, so the sediment concentration at the south coast is larger than the one at the north coast and the maximum turbidity zone lies in the bottom of the south coast. Besides the source of up-stream sediment from the river, the powerful flood and ebb current scour the river bed and make the sediment re-suspend, which provides the one of the sediment sources for the residual current transport.


were prepared by mixing HAuCl 4 and Na 2 S in aqueous solutions. An anti-tumor drug, cis-platin, was adsorbed onto Au-Au 2 S nanoparticle surface via the 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid layers. The results showed that the degree of adsorption of cis-platin onto Au-Au 2 S nanoparticles was controlled by the pH value of solution, and the drug release was sensitive to NIR irradiation. The cis-platin loaded Au-Au 2 S nanoparticles can be potentially applied as NIR activated drug delivery carrier.


Thermal deaeration is one of the key and extremely necessary stages, both in the cycle of small industrial boiler houses and in thermal power plants. Moreover, anti-corrosive water treatment technologies significantly affect the efficiency of operation of thermal power plants and boiler plants. This paper considers the problems of protecting equipment of heat sources and heat supply systems from internal corrosion. The solutions aimed at achieving high quality deaerated water and improving water treatment systems are given.The analysis of the operation of deaeration devices of Ulyanovsk heat sources is carried out. The technical solutions for improving the designs of thermal deaerators and the schemes of switching them on are suggested. The article also presents an effective design of a thermal deaerator, patented by the authors, which provides for overheating of the source water relative to the pressure in the deaerator, which allows the deaerator to operate both in atmospheric and vacuum mode. The technologies for switching on gas venting devices, which make it possible to increase the efficiency of the process of vacuum deaeration of water, are considered. The technologies that improve the quality of the deaeration process and the efficiency of operation of thermal power plants are described.


Objective To establish the quality standard of Fengsui Pills. Methods The qualitative analysis of Fructus Amomi and Radix Glycyrrhizae in Fengsui Pills was carried out by TLC,and the content of berberine hydrochloride,an effective component of Cortex Phellodendri in Fengsui Pills was determined by HPLC. Results The chromatographic sports of Fructus Amomi and Radix Glycyrrhizae were identified without the interference of negative control. A linearity of berberine hydrochloride was obtained from 0.272μg to 1.360 μg with a good correlation (r=0.999 9,n=5).The average recovery was 99.01 %and the RSD was 0.98%. Conclusion The qualitative and quantitative methods established in this study are simple and feasible,accurate and reproducible,and can be used as the quality control standard for Fengsui Pills.


Well-aligned Cu-doped ZnO nanorods were successfully synthesized on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate using chemical bath deposition method. The structural and optical properties of Cu-doped ZnO nanorods were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. A metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) UV photodetector was successfully fabricated using high-quality Cu-doped ZnO nanorods. The dark current and photocurrent of the MSM photodetector based on Cu doped ZnO nanorods were 20.5  and 2.22 at bias voltage of 5 V, respectively.  Under bias voltage of 5 V, the responsivity of the UV photodetector was. The calculated photosensitivity of the UV photodetector was 107.4 at bias voltage of 5 V. The fast response time (191 ms) and recovery time (261 ms) of the fabricated UV photodetectors were achieved in UV turn-on/off switching measurements.


DUGOVIC, Miroslav, Bc: Model IS-LM in economic theory and economic practice. [Diploma theses]. Banking Institute University Praha, foreign university Banska Bystrica. Department of Finance and Banking. Thesis Supervisor: Ing. Marcel Novak, PhD. Year of Defense: 2015. Pages: 86. The diploma theses deals with aplication and using of the model IS-LM in conditions of economy reality given countries, specifically Slovak republic, Czech republic and Hungary. This theses is devided into three chapters. The first chapter focuses on theoretical determination, historical models formation, where it´s necessary to differ two generations with completely different basic. The second chapter focuses on methodology of the theses, which describes sequence of the application section. The third chapter is concerned with analysis based on gained entering data of the given countries. The main goal of the application section in the third chapter is arrangement of IS-LM-BP model, so the constitution of three equations, that express equibalance on the market of goods and money, on the market of domestic money funds and on the exchange market. The outcome is constitution od 6 ququations, that create fundamental of IS-LM-BP model. As an object of investigation within the frame of model implementation was chosen Slovak republic, that fullfill requirements asked on open economy and it´s the fourth most open economy in the European union.


The polymer reference interaction site model (PRISM) integral equation for inhomogenous polymers was applied to investigate layering transitions of nanoparticle/polymer blends near solid surfaces. The equation has the advantage over other theoretical approaches in describing the chemical and morphologic details of polymers. Construction of a novel bridge function derived from a free-energy functional allowed the PRISM equation to be solved with a modified hypernetted chain approximation. Tested by the density functional theory as well as molecular simulations, the equation is quantitatively reliable for the inhomogeneous blends containing flexible or semiflexible polymer chains. Accordingly, the effects of particle size, the attractive interaction strength between particles and polymer monomers, and the stiffness of polymer chains on the layering transitions were investigated to decipher the contribution of the packing and configurational entropies.


Merton's equity-based approach is considered as a pioneering tool for measuring default risks. But in developing countries, we find that the invalid priority principle of Merton's model—because of the existing soft constraint—put negative influence on the applicability of the model. Bringing soft constraint into consideration, we establish a new model, which adds a new parameter θ to describe the soft constraint. By simulation, we can make the conclusion that θ and P (the value of debt) is in a positive correlation. The final empirical evidences convincingly support the feasibility and rationality of the new method. Keywords-Merton's model; soft budget constraint; maximum likelihood estimate


Abstract : The Defense Logistics Agency (DLA) currently operates 28 depots in the United States from which it supplies over 45,000 customers with over 3 million products procured from over 10,000 suppliers. DLA plans to reduce its infrastructure and proposes to analyze its distribution system using the Strategic Analysis of Integrated Logistics Systems (SAILS) model - a mixed integer linear programming model widely used by a number of civilian organizations to make facility location decisions. The size of DLA's distribution system precludes directly evaluating all possible depot, product, and customer combinations. This thesis derives a 29 product, 113 customer aggregation scheme which facilitates SAILS execution and appears to adequately model DLA. Extensive comparisons between this aggregation scheme and others (44- , 49-, and 67-product; and 199- and 113-customer aggregations) at 100, 90, 80, 50, and 30 percent of derived depot throughput capacity show solutions to different aggregations result in virtually identical closure recommendations and total annual cost. This thesis shows how DLA can save over 300 million dollars annually through depot closure and reorganization. Demand aggregation, Multi- commodity distribution system, Commodity aggregation.


The synthesis technical process and spectral properties of the long lasting luminescence glass(LLPG) synthesized by two steps method were studied.At the first,SrAl_2O_4:Eu,Dy(SAOED) long lasting luminescence powder and SrO·B_2O_3(SBO)glass powder were synthesized by the high temperature solid state reaction respectively.Then SBO was mixed with SAOED and blended at appropriate temperature for a few minutes.It was found that the luminescent effect of LLPG is best when the amount of SAOED in the mixtures is about 35%-40% and the blending condition is at 1150℃ for 5-10min.


Automatic finite element mesh generation of CAD generated data has been a goal of finite element meshing codes for years. However, the lack of accuracy and the amount of detail in this data have made this a daunting task. In essence, the CAD data needs to be defeatured to overcome accuracy deficiencies and to remove excessive detail. In this paper, an object-oriented approach to automatic geometry defeaturing is presented. The geometric and finite element data abstractions are given, along with the basic algorithms used. These algorithms deal with near tangencies, coincident edge precision discrepancies, poor intersection curve accuracy, and small geometrical features. Along with this discussion, examples of these types of defeaturing are given.


The present invention relates to an energy-based striking position and energy distribution ratio to the measurement method, the method of dispersing two or more sensors arranged at panel touch sensing device, the sensing panel strike sensing area is divided into a plurality of grids, All individually strike the grid with a given reference energy, obtaining a reference signal of each grid unit energy distribution vector; sensing when a strike, in accordance with the signal energy shock wave measured by the sensor, calculate the corresponding striking unit energy signal distribution vector, which is the reference signal energy distribution vector of each grid unit one by one, thereby determining whether this number struck grid located, and calculate the corresponding energy strike. The present invention changes the conventional art to set the array sensor group sensor for sensing the intensity of the strike method, for an electronic sensing device having a touch screen panel, game consoles, such as shooting target, based on the current resistors, capacitors and other technologies targeting methods play a supporting role or replacement.


The invention provides methods for producing one or more crude products that includes producing formation fluid from a subsurface in situ heat treatment process; separating the formation fluid to produce a liquid stream and a gas stream; providing a liquid stream to a hydrotreating unit; hydrotreating at least a portion of the liquid stream at conditions sufficient for removal of at least a portion of clogging compositions that clog one or more processing units positioned downstream of the hydrotreating unit; and processing the hydrotreated liquid stream in one or more of the downstream processing units to form one or more crude products.


This study examined how college students' class-related achievement emotions are related to their tendencies to dissent about a college course. Student participants (N = 383) completed a survey about their worst course of the semester by reporting on their class-related achievement emotions and how they dissented about their class. Results from ordinary least squares regression analyses revealed that achievement emotions were uniquely associated with instructional dissent: (a) hope, pride, anger, and anxiety predicted expressive dissent scores, (b) anger, hopelessness, and boredom predicted rhetorical dissent scores, (c) and enjoyment, anger, anxiety, shame, and hopelessness predicted vengeful dissent scores. This study provides initial evidence suggesting that students' feelings about a class are tied to their types of complaining.