Abstract The arrangements for using a Dolezalek electrometer for accurate work, devised by V. H. Jackson and the author (continuation of earlier work described in J. A.S.B. vol. x. No. 6, 1914) and shown in working order at the fifth session of the Indian Science Congress at Lahore, 1918, have made it possible to develop a quick and very accurate method of measuring extremely small capacities, such as those of gold-leaf electroscopes. Using a standardised (Gerdien) sliding condenser, the absolute value of the capacity of the quadrant system, including a specially designed connecter, is first, determined by the method of mixtures. The gold-leaf system of the electroscope is then charged to a known voltage, adjusted so that when the charge is shared with the quadrant system the final potential, as measured by the electrometer, is not far from one volt. As the capacity of the quadrant system can be varied by the sliding condenser, the capacity of the electroscope can be measured at different voltages. There ...


An analytical approach using the three‐dimensional displacement of a soil is investigated to provide analytical solutions of the horizontal response of a circular pile subjected to lateral loads in nonhomogeneous soil. The rocking stiffness coefficient of the pile shaft in homogeneous soil is derived from the analytical solution taking into account the three‐dimensional displacement represented in terms of scalar potentials in the elastic three‐dimensional analysis. The lateral stiffness coefficient of the pile shaft in nonhomogeneous soil is derived from the rocking stiffness coefficient taking into account the rocking rotation of a rigid pile shaft. The relationship between horizontal displacement, rotation, moment, and shear force of a pile subjected to horizontal loads in nonhomogeneous soil is obtainable in the form of the recurrence equation. The formulation of the lateral displacement and rotation of the pile base subjected to lateral loads in nonhomogeneous soils is presented by taking into account Mindlin's equation and the equivalent thickness for soil layers in the equivalent elastic method. There is little difference between lateral, rocking, and couple stiffness coefficients each obtained from both the two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional methods except for the case of Poisson's ratio near 0.5. The comparison of results calculated by the current method for a pile subjected to lateral loads in homogeneous and nonhomogeneous soils has shown good agreement with those obtained from analytical and numerical methods. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Background and Objectives: Pregnancy, an altered physiological state, is specifically vulnerable to psychological distress (PD), more so during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This can impart detrimental consequences to both mother and child. This study assessed the magnitude of PD and associated factors among pregnant women in rural West Bengal. The proportion of pregnant women with COVID-19 symptomatology and its relationship with PD was also determined. Methods: This cross-sectional study was done among 130 pregnant women availing antenatal care in health centers during August–October 2020. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) was used to assess PD and a "Perception on COVID-19 Pandemic" (PCP) Scale was used to assess the perception of the COVID-19 pandemic (Cronbach's alpha = 0.75). Statistical analyses were done in SPSS Inc., SPSS for Windows, Chicago, USA. Results: The proportion of study participants with PD was 49.2%. Unsatisfactory antenatal care (AOR = 19.4, CI = 2.5-152.7), COVID-19 case within family/neighborhood (AOR = 6.3, CI = 1.2-34.9), strenuous spousal relationship (AOR = 7.3, CI = 1.1-50), increasing score in perceived susceptibility domain of PCP Scale (AOR = 1.3, CI = 1.1-1.6), and decreased daily sleep duration (AOR = 2.8, CI = 1.6-4.9) were found to be associated with PD. 38.5% of participants reported COVID-19 related symptoms. Conclusion: The magnitude of PD among pregnant women in the study area is high. Thus, proper counseling of pregnant mothers during antenatal visits by public health nursing personnel to alleviate fears about the pandemic would go a long way to reduce the negative impact of PD on mother and child.


Abstract : Microirradiation with a conventional UV source (2750A), ruby (6943), neodymium (5300 or 2650) lasers was used. The true absorption of laser light by Janus green-stained mitochondria was determined by comparison with models containing known amounts of the dye. In the same way it was possible to show that thermal denaturation is limited to the stained organelles, and to define radiation time limits. Flash photolysis with the Q-switched laser permitted the comparison of the results of exciting various chromophores of importance in cellular microirradiation. Differences between the effects produced by microirradiation with an ordinary UV source and with a laser source of the same wavelength have been noted. Upon irradiation of a small portion of the cell nucleus with an ordinary UV source cut-and-patch repair of the nucleic acid lesions was shown. (Author)


We studied on a technic to improve and implement the virtual environment grid information in the war-game model. The virtual environment data are categorized into ground, sea, and air, and separatedly managed and operated. The data are implemented and managed in the geographical information and topography type information. The geographical information, including grid location coordinate and sea level, are managed in computer files as a grid type. We improved the representation of the sea level by mapping the sea level value of the grid information file into GCV and suggested the dynamic virtual environment implementation technic for the region with the large range of tide. In the experiments, we could know that it is possible to adopt the dynamic virtual environment to the war-game model.


Tripod Ligands with Neopentane Frame and two Different Donor Groups CH3C(CH2PPh2)2(CH2SR): Synthesis, Structure, Redox Chemistry, and Spectroscopy of the Complexes tripodM{ortho-(X)(Y)C6H4}1

Neopentane-based tripod ligands CH3C(CH2PPh2)2(CH2Z) (Z = SBn, SH, S−) form pentacoordinate compounds [tripodM{ortho(X)(Y)C6H4}]m1–4 with ortho-phenylene-bridged coligands (X)(Y)C6H4 (X, Y = O−, S−, NH−) and Co(II), Co(III), Fe(II), or Fe(III) as the metal centers. The structures of these complexes are very similar to those observed for CH3C(CH2PPh2)3 as the tripod ligand. The redox potentials, however, for the corresponding one-electron oxidation and reduction processes are highly affected by the change in the tripod donor groups. Both potentials are shifted by a maximum of 700 mV upon replacement of a PPh2 donor group by a sulfur-centered donor with the difference between the potential of the oxidation step and the potential of the reduction step staying almost constant for the whole series of compounds. This difference of around 1.7 eV nicely corresponds to the energy of the HOMO-LUMO chargetransfer bands observed around 2 eV for all of the compounds. It may be inferred therefore that both observations (electron spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry) refer in a similar way to the HOMO-LUMO gap of the compounds. It is shown that the formation of [tripodCo(III){ortho-(NH)2C6H4}]+(BF) from ortho-phenylenediamine as the source of the coligand involves precoordination of the amine ligand followed by deprotonation of the coordinated ligand. The capability of the tripodCo(II) template to form five-coordinate compounds with diamines is further corroborated by the characterization of [tripodCo(en)]2+ (52+). In addition to the standard analytical data, EPR, UV/Vis, cyclovoltammetric data and X-ray structure analyses are presented where appropriate.


In water-supply system of boiler, when load of boiler is decreasing, the energy wasting, excessive vibration and wearing of water pump etc. resulting from the excessive high outlet pressure were more worrying. Using single-chip microcomputer ATMAL89C52 as core, water-supply controller was designed. This system with variable frequency variable-speed water pump reduce wearing of equipment, have apparent energy-saving effect, is suitable for using widely in the water-supply system of city heating boiler.


An airbag catheter, in particular for a balloon angioplasty catheter, the balloon having an inner surface or an outer surface modified by photoactivation reaction.


In this work, to study the vapor–liquid equilibria (VLE) for the aqueous systems containing {choline chloride + glucose} and {choline chloride + urea} at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure, water activity was measured using the improved isopiestic method. The obtained water activity lines showed that these systems have negative deviation from the semi-ideal solution, and therefore solute–solute interactions are favorable. From the measured water activity data, osmotic coefficient values were calculated and the polynomial method is used to fit these data from which activity coefficients of urea or glucose in ternary and binary solutions were determined. The transfer Gibbs energy values calculated from these activity coefficients were negative for the transfer of urea or glucose from binary to ternary aqueous solutions containing choline chloride, indicating again favorable interaction between choline chloride and urea or glucose. In addition, a comparative isopiestic study was made on the two synthesized de...


Personalized medicine, i.e. a medicine focused on the individual and proactive in nature, promises an improved health care by customizing the treatment according to patient needs. The methods to analyze data, model knowledge and store interpretable results vary widely. A common approach is to use networks for modelling and organizing this information.

Network theory has been used for many years in the modelling and analysis of complex systems, as epidemiology, biology and biomedicine. As the data evolves and becomes more heterogeneous and complex, monoplex networks become an oversimplification of the corresponding systems. This imposes a need to go beyond traditional networks into a richer framework capable of hosting objects and relations of different scales, called Multilayered Network.

These complex networks have contributed in many contexts and fields, and they are very applicable in the investigation of biological networks.

In order to enrich this investigation, we aim to implement a multilayer framework that can be applicable in various domains, especially in the field of pathway modelling.

Our idea is to integrate pathways and their related knowledge into a multilayer model, where each layer represents one of their elements. The model offers a feature we call "Selective Inclusion of Knowledge", as well as a collection of related knowledge into a single graph, like diseases and drugs. The main layers are mapped to the entities of the pathways and the additional knowledge, for instance, a convenient model would have 3 layers respectively representing proteins, drugs and diseases. The model imports knowledge from multiple sources like the Reactome database, PharmGKB, DrugBank, OMIM and other public sources.

The submitted poster will give an overview of the various models of multilayered networks, then it will describe the model we are building, and the workflow of implementing it into R as well as the future plan. The workflow consists of multiple R packages, of which we present the first implemented package, mully, that provides the multilayer layout. The data import and the integration will be done by another package to be implemented, Multipath.


This paper is aimed at investigating the use of linguistic markers expressing politeness strategies in the discourse of British and American political speeches under the umbrella of corpusbased analysis. Markers of positive and negative politeness strategies used in British and American politicians' speeches were collected for a comparative analysis. The results of this research show that most politeness markers occurring in these political speeches are in language structures with modal lexical verbs, model adjectives and modal adverbs. Linguistic markers expressing positive politeness strategies occurred with higher frequencies in the American politician corpus while more linguistic markers expressing negative politeness strategies were found in the British political corpus. Therefore, it can be claimed that American politicians appear to be more positive in expressing politeness strategies, wheareas British politicians use more expressions of negative politeness strategies in their speech delivery.


Capture and geological storage of CO2 represents an option to avoid emissions of this greenhouse gas into the atmosphere, by capturing CO2 from major stationary sources, transporting it by pipelines or ships and injecting it into deep underground reservoirs. Deployment of these systems could help Croatia to stay within the limitations set by the Kyoto Protocol. There are reservoir formations with favourable conditions in the southern Pannonian basin as well as in the Adriatic off-shore that could be prepared for geological storage. Depleted oil and gas reservoirs might be the most promising in the beginning, particularly in the initiated EOR operations, but much larger potential can be assigned to the regionally extending deep saline aquifers.


It is shown that in an electrokinetic acoustoelectric transducer, when a constant DC electric field (pump voltage) is applied during reception of an acoustic signal, it becomes possible to retransmit the initial external acoustic field. This is due to the presence of simultaneously reverse electrokinetic phenomena in the transducer: electroosmosis and flow potential. The necessary theoretical substantiation of this phenomenon is presented. The data of a full-scale experiment confirming the theory are presented. Keywords: acoustoelectric conversion, electrokinetic phenomena, current potential, energy pumping, electrokinetic repeater.


In this chapter we consider the relationship between DeLP and ASPIC. The fact that these systems are different is well known, but what is less well known is exactly how these systems differ, and, perhaps more interestingly, the ways in which they are the similar. We do not get to the bottom of the relationship between the systems in this chapter, but we do at least set the foundations for a detailed exploration.


The departing halide ion is known as the leaving group. Note how the molecule is turned "inside out", like an umbrella in a high wind. This is termed inversion of configuration. If the nucleophile is neutral, the product is positively charged, and must generally undergo some other step of reaction to form a neutral molecule, but if the nucleophile is negatively charged (if it is a hydroxide ion, or a halide ion, for example) the product is neutral. Thus iodoethane reacts with ethanolic sodium hydroxide according to the following mechanism:


Nonlinear refractive-index changes in GaAs are obtained at room temperature by measuring shifts of Fabry-Perot (F.P.) transmission. The 299-Å multiple-quantum-well GaAs sample was sandwiched between two dielectric mirrors (90% reflectivity) to form a F.P. etalon (finesse =10). The pump beam was tuned to 821 nm and modulated to obtain 1-μs pulses at 10 kHz. The photoluminescence from a focused pump spot at the GaAs etalon was used as a broadband probe source. Since the photoluminescence is due to carriers generated by a pump beam, the pump and probe beams automatically align themselves. The fast electronic nonlinearity exhibited blue shifts (negative index changes) of the F.P. transmission peaks, while the slow thermal nonlinearity showed red shifts (positive index changes). Nonlinear index changes were calculated from the measured shifts of the F.P. peaks for different pump intensities. A self-consistent F.P. phase function for this calculation was obtained assuming lengths of 2.9 and 1.5 μm for the GaAs and air gap, respectively. Optical bistability was most easily observed for the region of large index change (873-878 nm). The slow nonlinear index changes below the band gap showed nonresonant characteristics rather than resonant, saturable behavior.


DECISION-MAKING AS FACTOR OF EFFICIENCY OF GAME ACTIVITY V.N. Nepopalov, Ph. D., associate professor A.G. Abalyan, Ph. D. The Russian state university of physical culture, sports and tourism, Moscow Key words: efficiency of game, interaction, decision-making process, cognitive psychology. As a result of the experimental research carried out by the authors there have been received the data on the factors determining the speed and the contents of decision-making. The subjective conditions of the decision-making that determine a situational choice, have been revealed. Also it has been revealed, that solving tactical tasks during the experiment the athlete spontaneously (depending on the contents of a game episode) occupies the place which is allocated to him in a real game situation, and operates according to the functions, duties in a team (on the role), determined beforehand.


In (1) the authors introduced the idea of a syntopogenous preordered space (SPS), thereby generalizing simultaneously the concepts of 'uniform preordered space' and 'proximity preordered space'. In the case of a classical topology the SPS condition was seen to be equivalent to the condition, 'convex plus T1-preordered'. In the present paper we show that, in the general case, the SPS condition may be characterized as the sum of two generalizations of the logically independent conditions of convexity and T1-preorderedness.


We prove a classification result for a large class of noncommutative Bernoulli crossed products $(P,\phi)^\Lambda \rtimes \Lambda$ without almost periodic states. Our results improve the classification results from [1], where only Bernoulli crossed products built with almost periodic states could be treated. We show that the family of factors $(P,\phi)^\Lambda \rtimes \Lambda$ with $P$ an amenable factor, $\phi$ a weakly mixing state (i.e. a state for which the modular automorphism group is weakly mixing) and $\Lambda$ belonging to a large class of groups, is classified by the group $\Lambda$ and the action $\Lambda \curvearrowright (P, \phi)^\Lambda$, up to state preserving conjugation of the action.
[1] Stefaan Vaes and Peter Verraedt. Classification of type III Bernoulli crossed products. Adv. Math., 281:296-332, 2015.


This study aimed to know the effect of Good Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure on the company value registered in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Board commissioners, managerial ownership, and audit committe are proxy of good corporate governance. Sample research used manufacturing companies registered in Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2011-2015 by using purposive sampling technique. Types of data is secondary data that is in form of annual reports sourced from website of Indonesia Stock Exchange. Results of the study prove that managerial ownership has positive and significant effect to the company value, board commissioners and audit committe have positive and haven't significant effect to the company value. The study also proved that Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure has positive and hasn't significant effect to the company value.
Keywords :GCG, CSR disclosure, company value


In this article, we study whether Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) performancehas an influence on dividend payout ratios. We provide evidence that high CSR firmspay more dividends than other firms. We also find that the positive relationshipbetween CSR performance and dividend payout is observed only for firms in highinvestor protection countries, for firms with high insider ownership, and with highanalyst coverage. These findings provide support for the agency view of CSR whichposits that CSR activities may be related to the managerial expropriation of shareholders. Dividend policy seems to be a tool used to mitigate this problem. Hence, inaccordance with the "outcome model" of dividend policies, we highlight that the linkbetween CSR performance and dividend payout is significant only when internal orexternal governance mechanisms are strong. This indicates that dividend policy andgovernance mechanisms are complementary and not substitute mechanisms to limitpotential expropriation linked to CSR policies.


The purpose of this research was to determine the influence of the Resource-based learning model (RBL) based on flashcards on students' problem-solving abilities and motivation. The design of this research quasi-experimental with a posttest only control group design. The data analysis techniques employed in this research were the normality test using the Lilifors test and the MANOVA test to determine the hypothesis. Based on the analysis, the MANOVA test to determine the average score difference of students' problem-solving abilities in the experimental class and the control class obtained a sig value of 0.00 so that sig. 2 (tailed) ≤ 0.05 which indicated that H 0 was rejected and H i was accepted. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Resource-based learning model (RBL) based on flashcards influenced the students' problem-solving abilities and learning motivation.


Cost-effective photovoltaic (PV) devices are in urgent demand due to the global energy crisis. Several novel PV systems have been developed for the ''next-generation'' PV technologies. [1–5] One example is conjugated polymer-based PV devices, which have the advantages of solution processability and ease fabrication. [6] The most commonly used structure for such devices is the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) structure, which consists of electron-donating conjugated polymers and electron-acceptors. [6] The most widely used electron acceptor is fullerene, and efficiencies of over 5% have been achieved for fullerene-polythiophene-based devices. [7–9] In addition to fullerene and its derivatives, some n-type inorganic materials, such as II-VI compound semiconductors [10–12] and metal oxides, [5] have been investigated as the electron acceptor in polymer-based PV devices, due to their relatively high electron mobility, high electron affinity, and good physical and chemical stability. These devices are often referred to as ''hybrid'' solar cells. [5] Hybrid BHJ devices based on polythiophene and CdSe or TiO 2 nanocrystals have been reported to reach efficiencies of 2.6 [12] and 1.7%, [13] respectively. In addition to inorganic nanocrystals, nanostructured metal oxide films have also been employed as electron-collecting electrodes in polymer hybrid solar cells, and porous TiO 2 films have been most widely studied. [5] In order to achieve high device performance, porous TiO 2 films with various morphologies, such as mesoporous structure,


Strategy iteration is a technique frequently used for two-player games in order to determine the winner or compute payoffs, but to the best of our knowledge no general framework for strategy iteration has been considered. Inspired by previous work on simple stochastic games, we propose a general formalisation of strategy iteration for solving least fixpoint equations over a suitable class of complete lattices, based on MV-chains. We devise algorithms that can be used for non-expansive fixpoint functions represented as so-called min-, respectively, max-decompositions. Correspondingly, we develop two different techniques: strategy iteration from above, which has to solve the problem that iteration might reach a fixpoint that is not the least, and from below, which is algorithmically simpler, but requires a more involved correctness argument. We apply our method to solve energy games and compute behavioural metrics for probabilistic automata.


As the most active layer of cornea, corneal endothelium plays an essential role in maintaining corneal transparency. And the microenvironment of corneal endothelial cells is the key to reveal mechanisms of corneal endothelial diseases and culture corneal endothelium in vitro to reduce the donor burden of corneal endothelial transplantation. The corneal endothelial microenvironment includes many kinds of ubiquitous cytokines, such as growth factors, nutritional factors, inflammatory factors and stem factors, which have direct effects on cells. It is also confirmed that due to the specific location of corneal endothelium, the high oxidation environment, the intraocular pressure and other physical stresses and adjacent tissues, like lens, Descemet's membrane, aqueous humor and so on, also have important interactions with corneal endothelial cells in microenvironment.(Int Rev Ophthalmol, 2017, 41: 131-135)

Key words:
corneal endothelium; microenvironment


Objective To establish an animal model of TNNT3((R69H)) mutation transgenic mice.Methods Transgenic component pEGFP-TNNT3(R69H) was constructed,linearized and purified,then microinjected into fertilized mouse eggs.These eggs were transplanted into pseudopregant mice.The genotype of transgenic founders were identified by PCR and Southern blot.The expression of TNNT3(R69H) transcript in the tissues of the transgenic mice was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results Transgenic BDF1 mice were obtained by microinjection.PCR and Southern blot results showed 5 of 40 mice were integrated.Conclusions TNNT3((R69H)) mutation transgenic mouse models are successfully established by pronuclear microinjection.


The v 2 , 2v 3 , v 1 , v 2 +v 3 , 3v 3 , 2v 2 , v 1 +v 3 , v 2 +2v 3 , v 1 +v 2 and 2v 2 +v 3 band systems of HCNO could be iden- tified between 1800 and 5800 cm -1 . In addition, new transitions in the v 5 , v 4 and v 3 band systems could be assigned. The determination of spectroscopic power series coefficients shows that every assigned vibrational level is perturbed. Most of the interactions are part of resonance systems which are embedded in a grand network of interacting states. This network can be built up on the basis of the resonance systems 00010/00002, 00100/ 00004 and 01000/00015. In this paper the 01010/01002/00201/00113/[00025] and the 01110/01102/00301/ 00213/[01014]/[00125] resonance systems are presented. Vibrational quantum numbers in brackets indicate that the vibrational term value of the vibrational state is only estimated. The 10003/10011/00205 and 10005/01201 resonance systems, which do not fit into this network, are also discussed. The effect of excitation of the stretching modes v 1 , v 2 and v 3 on the v 5 manifold and the quasilinear parameter γ 0 are examined.


Antimicrobial peptides such as cathelicidins are important components of innate immune defence against inhaled microorganisms, and have shown antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in in vitro models. Despite this, little is known about the regulation and expression of cathelicidin during tuberculosis in vivo. We sought to determine whether the cathelicidin‐related antimicrobial peptide gene (Cramp), the murine functional homologue of the human cathelicidin gene (CAMP or LL‐37), is required for regulation of protective immunity during M. tuberculosis infection in vivo. We used Cramp–/– mice in a validated model of pulmonary tuberculosis, and conducted cell‐based assays with macrophages from these mice. We evaluated the in vivo susceptibility of Cramp–/– mice to infection, and also dissected various pro‐inflammatory immune responses against M. tuberculosis. We observed increased susceptibility of Cramp–/– mice to M. tuberculosis as compared with wild‐type mice. Macrophages from Cramp–/– mice were unable to control M. tuberculosis growth in an in vitro infection model, were deficient in intracellular calcium influx, and were defective in stimulating T cells. Additionally, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from Cramp–/– mice produced less interferon‐β upon stimulation. Furthermore, bacterial‐derived cAMP modulated cathelicidin expression in macrophages. Our results demonstrate that cathelicidin is required for innate resistance to M. tuberculosis in a relevant animal model and is a key mediator in regulation of the levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines by calcium and cyclic nucleotides. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


A meander-gate field-effect transistor on epitaxial GaAs is used as an acoustic-surface-wave convolver. A bilinear coefficient as high as 2×10?4 mW?1 has been measured at 260 MHz. The active area is only 1.8 mm long and the acoustic beam width is 0.7 mm.


Abstract
 Cyzicus mexicanus (Mexican Clam Shrimp) is a small crustacean with a bivalve carapace. It was previously known from freshwater vernal pools in 18 US states, 2 Canadian provinces, and numerous Mexican states prior to our 2010 discovery in Shelby County, AL. This new state record extends the range of the Mexican Clam Shrimp farther into the southeastern US than previously documented.


Background: Menopausal symptoms decrease quality of life (QoL) of postmenopausal women, and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) reduces vasomotor symptoms. However, there are some ongoing debates about whether HRT improves health- related QoL. Th e purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between HRT and QoL in postmenopausal women. Methods: We analyzed data from the 5th Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011. European quality of life instrument (EuroQol)-5 dimension (EQ-5D) index and EuroQol-visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) were used to evaluate QoL. Th ey are standardized measurement instruments of health status developed by the EuroQol Group. Results: A total of 511 postmenopausal women aged 45 to 59 years were included in the analysis. Eighty fi ve (16.6%) were the HRT group and 426 (83.45%) were the non-HRT group. EQ-5D index and EQ-VAS were not signifi cantly diff erent between the two groups, except that the anxiety/depression dimension was poorer in the HRT group (1.27) than the non-HRT group (1.12) (P=0.005). Among the HRT group, we analysed two subgroups divided by whether they initiated HRT before or after 48 months from the onset of menopause, and there were no signifi cant diff erences of EQ-5D index (P=0.722) and EQ-VAS (P=0.739). Conclusion: Th is study concludes that there is no signifi cant association between HRT and QoL in postmenopausal women.


Knowledge of the number of different kinds of enterprises that will be created in a coming year is essential information. It can be used in macroeconomic analyses and as a constituent of the background for economic policy. From a demographics point of view, we consider the creation (birth) of some enterprise as a basic indicator. It can also be approached from the point of view of inference, as the creation of enterprise is influenced by a wide variety of inputs. Enterprise creation may therefore be thought of as a random process. The analytic tools Bayesian statistics provide make it possible involve more kinds of information into statistical analysis and gradually update the parameter estimations. We used the conjugate family Poisson / gamma to estimate the number of enterprises to be created in a coming year. The considerations were concerned with the mean square error, which was used as the main criterion of the point estimation quality. We solved two kinds of problems: to find a Bayesian point estimation that has a smaller mean square error than the classical one in a predetermined interval, and, along with it, to model prior information in a very simple way. In finding some connection among the variables contained in the conjugate family Poisson / gamma, we solved both presented problems and also developed a simple algorithm for optimal point estimation of the Poisson distribution parameter. This algorithm was used to estimate the number of enterprises created.


Background: Filarial infestation is common in developing countries like India. It is transmitted by bite of culex mosquito. They usually present with superficial nodular swelling and lymph node enlargement with variety of clinical symptoms, however the index of suspicion is always low. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a very cost effective tool for rapid diagnosis of the disease. It is a retrospective analysis of filarial cases diagnosed on FNAC in the last 7 years to study the clinicopathological spectrum. Material and Methods: The records of the department of cytology KGMU were searched from Jan 2010 to Dec 2016 and all the cases of filariasis involving different tissues and body fluids were analysed in detail for cytomorphological and clinical features. Results: A total of 32 cases of filariasis were evaluated. Most common age group affected was 30-40 years (range: 12-70 years). Out of 32 cases, 11 cases presented as nodular superficial swellings, 9 cases as lymphadenopathy, 5cases were found in thyroid, 2 cases in breast, 2 cases in salivary gland and each case in testis, lung and ascitic fluid. Majority of cases (62.5%) showed chronic inflammation, 7 cases (21.8%) were associated with malignancies including metastatic as well as primary of various tissues. Microfilariae were also detected with benign phylloides tumor of breast in one case (3.1%) and with colloid goitre thyroid in 4 cases (15.6%). Conclusion: Nodular superficial swelling is the most common presentation; however filarial worms can invade many more organs of the body. It can present solely as granulomatous inflammation or remain asymptomatic and found as an incidental finding. Conventional mode of diagnosis is demonstration of microfilaria in peripheral blood smear and body fluids. Co-existence of microfilaria with neoplastic lesions is rare. Fine needle aspiration cytology plays a vital role in the diagnosis of these lesions.


A 65-year-old woman failed to develop increased creatine kinase or lactate dehydrogenase activity after a myocardial infarction. She had no measurable creatine kinase MB isoenzyme and no detectable patterns of normal LD isoenzyme activity. These determinations five months after the infarction showed normal values for total activity and isoenzyme patterns.


The treatment of tibial plateau fracture has always been one of the problems in orthopaedics,especially in the complex fracture,as the preoperative diagnosis and classification is very important for the treatment and prognosis.Imaging information,including X-ray,CT and MRI,each with own advantages and limitations,are important basis for diagnosis and classification,thus are much concerned by the clinical orthopedic surgeons.Due to the complexity of tibial plateau fracture,satisfying evaluation cannot be achieved just by X-ray,where further checking by CT and MRI are needed to provid useful assistances to the treatment.


1.1. J. C. Catford, in a now classic paper (1939) distinguished two types of glottalic consonants: (1) ejectives (or explosives) involving the raising of the larynx and the subsequent expulsion of the air compressed in the supraglottal cavity, and (2) injectives (or implosives) utilizing the opposite mechanism of lowering the larynx, thus rarefying the air in the supraglottal cavity so that, on release of the oral closure, an ingressive flow of external air is immediately succeeded by egressive lung air. For purposes of the present study of these two classes of sounds, approximately 150 phonological descriptions have been examined.' This sampling is perhaps close to exhaustive for the implosives with which this paper is more particularly concerned. For the more widely distributed ejectives, the sample is far less complete. The appended bibliography lists all the sources consulted whether cited in the body of this paper or not. 1.2. A more thorough review of the literature at a later stage of the study showed that some of the conclusions regarding implosives had been anticipated by Haudricourt (especially 1950). Reference is made to those conclusions where appropriate. The present study is perhaps still of interest even for these questions, since it presents additional data not considered by Haudricourt, whether because they referred to language outside his area of specialization (Southeast Asia) or because their appearance was subsequent to his publications. This evidence serves to confirm the essential correctness of prac-


"Fusion programming" is an approach to music broadcasting that was employed by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) during the early years of the twenty-first century. It's understandable as a response to systemic and systematic pressure to be "more multicultural." It was about the artistry of musicians and entertainment of audiences, but fusion programming also served a didactic purpose for producers and listeners, participating in the production, elaboration, reinforcement, and/or deconstruction of existing cultural systems. Producing fusion programming involved bringing a minimum of two musicians/musical groups from different genres, languages, styles, scenes, and cultures into the same CBC-sponsored venue for the expressed purpose of performing together and discussing the challenges of collaboration. Performances, in many cases, were posited as "multicultural," "cross cultural," or "a collision of cultures," and conversations framing the music often referenced diversity, multiculturalism, and difference, effectively mapping musicians' positionality within Canadian society and geography.
This study uses "ethnographically grounded" content analysis of archival broadcasts (principally via radio) of fusion programming to raise questions about the discursive limitations of multiculturalism imposed by the ways in which policy concepts were operationalized during the first decade of the twenty-first century. Beginning with the principles, rights, and responsibilities defined in the Multiculturalism (1988) and Broadcasting (1991) Acts, I use case studies drawn from centres across Canada and broadcast via multiple CBC platforms and media lines in order to explore the CBC as a system of communication. I then focus on Fuse, the longest running example of fusion programming, examining how approaches to mediation and curation both celebrate and silence particular voices. I suggest that that while cross-cut with contradictions and resistance to totalizing narratives—particularly when the experiences of live audiences are taken into account and regional variants of fusion programming are considered—fusion programming privileged a very limited understanding of "Canadianness." Instead of promoting an understanding of multiculturalism based on principles of social construction and integration into a shared civic culture based on liberal humanist principles, production contexts and assumptions about what counts as normal functioned to shore up the status quo; the potential for a more equitable sense of belonging embedded in existing legislation remains limited by existing discursive realizations.


Objective To investigateand analyze of AIDS virus,hepatitis C virus and syphilis infection in Longgang district of Shenzhen city from 2012 to 2013,and provide the scientific basis for the prevention and intervention of drug addicts.Methods Questionnaire investigation survey of the health condition and HCV, HIV, TP and serological test of the drug users were performed in 2012-2013. Results 227 HCV antibody positive cases, 15 HIV antibody positive cases and 65TP antibody positive cases were detected among 801 drug users.The infection rate of HCV of male(29.58%) was significantly higher than that of female(17.28%)(χ2=16.3, P0.01); male and female HIV infection rates were 1.87% and 2.47%,respectively, without significant differences; male TP infection rate(7.50%) was lower than that of female(13.58%)(χ2=7.90, P0.01).The infection rate of HCV of 41~ years old age group was the highest, accounted for 50.00%, the second was the 31~ years old age group(37.80%).HIV antibodies positive cases were mainly 21~ years old age group(2.67%) and 31~years oldage group(1.22%); TP antibodies positive cases were mainly 31~(15.04%) and 41~(18.75%) years old age group.Co-infection rates of HCV and TP, HCV and HIV, HIV and TP were 3.37%, 0.62%, and 0.12%, respectively. HCV and HIV and TP mixed infection rate was zero. Conclusions In recent years, HIV, HCV and TP infection rates among the drug users in Longgang district of Shenzhen city were high. Health education and effective prevention and treatment interventions should be strengthened toreduce the infection rate among drug users in infectious diseases.


This paper is a compilation of the present state of research in Japan relating to offset frontal crashes using a deformable barrier. The paper contains: (1) an analysis of actual accidents in Japan; (2) a description of accident reproducibility tests implemented using vehicles as examples of representative accidents; and (3) a consolidation of the results of studies of reproductive techniques reproduced using a deformable barrier based on the accident reproducibility test results. In the deformable barrier tests, in the case of changes in the offset ratio, barrier face form, barrier face rigidity, crash velocity and the like, a number of variables were compared with the study results of accident reproducibility tests. These variables are: (a) the degree of change of vehicle behaviour; (b) dummy behaviour; (c) vehicle deformation; and (d) the dummy injury values. From the results of accident reproducibility tests, basic data was obtained relating to test methods for offset deformable barrier collisions. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 875833.


1. To characterize the respiratory enzyme chain that functions during diapause, the respiration of diapausing pupae of the Cecropia, Cynthia, Promethea and Polyphemus silkworms was measured in the presence of specific mixtures of oxygen, nitrogen and carbon monoxide, after injection of various metabolic inhibitors and after injury.2. Pupal respiration is at best only slightly inhibited by carbon monoxide and is often stimulated. Whatever CO-sensitivity there is occurs only in pupae with high basal metabolic rates. Moreover, when respiration is accelerated by injecting dinitrophenol (DNP), or by injury, this evokes an enhanced sensitivity to carbon monoxide. Indeed, it appears that the fraction of respiration sensitive to carbon monoxide is a function of the rate of oxygen consumption of the silkworm at all stages.3. Reducing external oxygen tension to 2% fails to inhibit oxygen consumption, but increases markedly the CO-sensitivity of pupal respiration. Thus low oxygen tensions seem to unmask CO-sensitivi...


Endoscopic resection of large superficial nonampullary duodenal tumors is clinically challenging as the unique anatomical features of the duodenum (thin wall, narrow lumen, exposure to biliary and pancreatic fluids, and small operating space) increase the risks of intraand post-procedural complications [1]. As conventional surgical methods of resecting superficial nonampullary duodenal tumors are associated with high morbidity and mortality [2], novel combined laparoscopic and endoscopic approaches have recently been developed in specialized centers in an attempt to overcome these limitations [3, 4]. Herein, we report the case of a 72-yearold man referred to our institution for endoscopic resection of a 60-mm superficial nonampullary duodenal tumor located in the second portion of the duodenum (D2) (▶Fig. 1, ▶Video 1). The operating room was equipped for duodenal laparoscopic and endoscopic combined surgery (D-LECS) (▶Fig. 2). The surgical team first exposed D2 using the Kocher maneuver with a Sonicision Dissector (Medtronic, Minneapolis, USA) and Storz laparoscopy equipment (Karl Storz SE, Tuttlingen, Germany). Duodenal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was then performed using an EG500 gastroscope (Sonoscope Medical Co., Shenzhen, China) and a 1.5-mm Flush Knife BTS (Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan) connected to a VIO 3 electrosurgical unit (ERBE Elektromedizin, Tübingen, Germany). En bloc resection was achieved in 183min with no significant intraprocedural complications other than bleeding which was managed endoscopically. Finally, the mucosal–submucosal defect was identified laparoscopically and a seromuscular reinforced suture was placed. A single episode of upper gastrointestinal bleeding occurred 72 hours post-procedure and was successfully managed conservatively. The patient was discharged without further events. Histological examination demonstrated a 60×47-mm tubulovillous adenoma with high grade dysplasia and free margins (▶Fig. 3 a, b, ▶Fig. 4). D-LECS may have utility in selected cases in reducing ESD-related delayed complications and the morbidity and mortality associated with surgical procedures with large superficial nonampullary duodenal tumors. D-LECS requires close coordination between surgical and endoscopic teams at specialized centers.


This study employed a descriptive, empirical and suggestive approach. The purpose of this study is to determine whether the character of institutional leadership is central to the management of higher education (HE). First, the study x-rayed the role of character in institutional leadership and management of HE. Second, it highlights the character of institutional leadership in combination with values, morals, principles and ethics in the management of HE, and third, the implication of the character of institutional leadership on the quality of HE. To address the descriptive part of this study, this article reviewed literature on the relationship between the character of institutional leadership with particular focus on values, morals, principles and ethics, and the quality of HE management. The empirical part of this article included the collection of data from 250 respondents through a structured questionnaire, and data were analyzed using the statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 21. While the suggestive part portrayed the study's findings, which redolent that the neglect of the role of character in institutional leadership as being central to HE management might possibly explain the dysfunctional and poor quality state of HE particularly in Nigeria and perhaps many sub-Saharan Africa countries. Therefore, appointment of institutional heads should be based on technical qualification and character of institutional leaders, and must be a continual effort towards the integration of positive thoughts, both in words and in actions. The target audiences for this article include educational managers and planners, researchers, academics, professionals, students, and leadership practitioners.


High-fidelity virtual content is essential for the creation of compelling and effective virtual reality (VR) experiences. However, creating photorealistic content is not easy, and handcrafting detailed 3D models can be time and labor intensive. Structured camera arrays, such as light-stages, can scan and reconstruct high-fidelity virtual models, but the expense makes this technology impractical for most users. In this paper, we present a complete end-to-end pipeline for the capture, processing, and rendering of view-dependent 3D models in virtual reality from a single consumer-grade depth camera. The geometry model and the camera trajectories are automatically reconstructed and optimized from a RGB-D image sequence captured offline. Based on the head-mounted display (HMD) position, the three closest images are selected for real-time rendering and fused together to smooth the transition between viewpoints. The specular reflections and light-burst effects can also be preserved and reproduced. We confirmed that our method does not require technical background knowledge by testing our system with data captured by non-expert operators.


Farnum fusion target fabricationeffort at Los been successful in producing targets of design requested by, and with a range of parameters acceptable to, the Alamos Scientific the zeneral theoreticaldesigners and to the laser/ta;getinteractio~physics-experimentalists. Many novel techniques for handling and measuring the properties of various types of hollow microballoonshave been developed, as described. These various techniques are being documented to provide useful informationto other investigators,although we are still far renwmd from being able to fabricate any type of optimum laser fusion target.


The main proposed research of this grant were: to design a high-temperature, conical magnetic bearing facility, to test the high-temperature, radial magnetic bearing facility to higher speeds, to investigate different backup bearing designs and materials, to retrofit the high-temperature test facility with a magnetic thrust bearing, to evaluate test bearings at various conditions, and test several lubricants using a spiral orbit tribometer. A high-temperature, conical magnetic bearing facility has been fully developed using Solidworks. The facility can reuse many of the parts of the current high-temperature, radial magnetic bearing, helping to reduce overall build costs. The facility has the ability to measure bearing force capacity in the X, Y, and Z directions through a novel bearing mounting design. The high temperature coils and laminations, a main component of the facility, are based upon the current radial design and can be fabricated at Texas A&M University. The coil design was highly successful in the radial magnetic bearing. Vendors were contacted about fabrication of the high temperature lamination stack. Stress analysis was done on the laminations. Some of the components were procured, but due to budget cuts, the facility build up was stopped.


In this modern world, the use of mobile phones is exponentially increasing and becoming an indispensable tool in our daily life. The use of mobile phones, however, is coupled with one's exposure to electromagnetic radiation. This study investigated  the effects of mobile phone radiation on the spatial memory of hamsters using a modified T-maze. Four groups of hamsters were exposed to electromagnetic radiation ranging from
0 to 850 MHz after task habituation.  Results showed that hamsters exposed  to the high electromagnetic
radiation (600-800 MHz) had spent the longest time in finding the reward. This indicates a decrease in the hippocampal-dependent  spatial memory of the hamsters. Generally, the experimental groups had significantly decreased their spatial ability compared with  the control. The results of this study are essential in understanding the subtle effects of electromagnetic radiation on the spatial memory of organisms, especially in humans.


Magnetron sputter epitaxy (MSE) offers several advantages compared to alternative GaN epitaxy growth methods, including mature sputtering technology, the possibility for very large area deposition, and low-temperature growth of high-quality electronic-grade GaN. In this article, we review the basics of reactive sputtering for MSE growth of GaN using a liquid Ga target. Various target biasing schemes are discussed, including direct current (DC), radio frequency (RF), pulsed DC, and high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS). Examples are given for MSE-grown GaN thin films with material quality comparable to those grown using alternative methods such as molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE), metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), and hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE). In addition, successful GaN doping and the fabrication of practical devices have been demonstrated. Beyond the planar thin film form, MSE-grown GaN nanorods have also been demonstrated through self-assembled and selective area growth (SAG) method. With better understanding in process physics and improvements in material quality, MSE is expected to become an important technology for the growth of GaN.


This study compared the effects of contralateral eccentric‐only (ECC) and concentric‐/eccentric‐coupled resistance training (CON‐ECC) of the elbow flexors on immobilized arm. Thirty healthy participants (18‐34 y) were randomly allocated to immobilization only (CTRL; n = 10), immobilization and ECC (n = 10), or immobilization and CON‐ECC group (n = 10). The non‐dominant arms of all participants were immobilized (8 h·day−1) for 4 weeks, during which ECC and CON‐ECC were performed by the dominant (non‐immobilized) arm 3 times a week (3‐6 sets of 10 repetitions per session) with an 80%‐120% and 60%‐90% of one concentric repetition maximum (1‐RM) load, respectively, matching the total training volume. Arm circumference, 1‐RM and maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) strength, biceps brachii surface electromyogram amplitude (sEMGRMS), rate of force development (RFD), and joint position sense (JPS) were measured for both arms before and after immobilization. CTRL showed decreases (P < .05) in MVIC (−21.7%), sEMGRMS (−35.2%), RFD (−26.0%), 1‐RM (−14.4%), JPS (−87.4%), and arm circumference (−5.1%) of the immobilized arm. These deficits were attenuated or eliminated by ECC and CON‐ECC, with greater effect sizes for ECC than CON‐ECC in MVIC (0.29: +12.1%, vs −0.18: −0.1%) and sEMGRMS (0.31:17.5% vs −0.15: −5.9%). For the trained arm, ECC showed greater effect size for MVIC than CON‐ECC (0.47 vs 0.29), and increased arm circumference (+2.9%), sEMGRMS (+77.9%), and RDF (+31.8%) greater (P < .05) than CON‐ECC (+0.6%, +15.1%, and + 15.8%, respectively). The eccentric‐only resistance training of the contralateral arm was more effective to counteract the negative immobilization effects than the concentric‐eccentric training.


Support vector machine (SVM) is a general and powerful learning machine, which adopts supervised manner. However, for many practical machine learning and data mining applications, unlabeled training examples are readily available but labeled ones are very expensive to be obtained. Therefore, semi-supervised learning emerges as the times require. At present, the combination of SVM and semi-supervised learning (S3VM) has attracted more and more attentions. In general, S3VM deals with problems with small training sets and large working sets. When the training set is large relative to the working set, We propose a new SVM model to solve the above classification problem by introducing the fuzzy memberships to each unlabeled point. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method can exploit unlabeled data to yield good performance effectively.


Since the 1970s, income volatility and consumption volatility have been increasing in magnitude for households across the United States. Traditionally, households smooth up and down swings with savings, credit, or public assistance programs. Low-income households, however, have lower savings and less access to credit and other resources, so financial shocks impose serious constraints on consumption. While access to mainstream financial services is widely lauded for improving financial wellbeing, there is relatively little research on the effects of banking access on financial wellbeing. I intend to address this knowledge gap by analyzing the relationship between banking status and four types of consumption volatility (utilities, food, transportation, and medical) that serve as proxies for financial wellbeing. I hypothesize that unbanked households experience greater consumption volatility than banked households because they have fewer financial resources to withstand financial shocks. The results partially support this hypothesis. Only in the case of utilities consumption volatility does being unbanked correspond with greater consumption volatility. There are many constraints to the data, however, and policy recommendations center on further avenues for research and data collection to more clearly understand if and how banking access can fundamentally help the U.S.'s most financially vulnerable households.


Many organisations have recognised the importance of intellectual property rights (IPR) and have tried to increase it. However, this inevitably led to an increase in costs related to IPR. Thus, a reasonable balance between IPR growth and its administrative costs is called for. This paper aims to suggest the solution to this problem through ETRI's case analysis. The Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI) is a leading research institute for information and communications technology in Korea. This paper first describes the vision and performance of ETRI's intellectual property management. Second, it describes the challenges facing ETRI's intellectual property management. Third, it presents its strategies and techniques to deal with these challenges. Fourth, the performance of the improved IP management efforts is analysed by using data envelopment analysis method. The result showed that ETRI was successful in that it could obtain higher profitability and more efficiency. Finally, some guidelines for efficient IP management are suggested based on the study.


The serials literature from 2008 and 2009 reveals the new identity of the serials professional—one who embraces openness. Many forces have pushed the serials profession into a state of flux; among these are the recent economic recession, the evolution of scholarly publishing, and the concept of open systems and data. Chaotic change for serialists has evolved into opportunities to revise collection strategies, approach Big Deal purchasing in new ways, devise creative user-access solutions, and become stakeholders in the debates over scholarly communication. The literature also reveals serials professionals developing a Web 2.0 sensibility. These themes are presented in the review through a discussion of six major topics: sustainability of serials pricing, the future of the Big Deal, management of electronic resources, access, blurring and decline of formats, and Web 2.0.


Biological Applications of Organometallic for Aeronautics........................................................................ Compounds: PROFESSOR HENRY GILMAN ........................ 47 Special Articles: The Motions of the Stars: PROFESSOR EVERETT I. Localization of Lithium in Tumor Tissue as a YOWELL ....................................... 50 Basis for Slow Neutron Therapy: DR. PAUL A. Obituary: ZAHL and FRANKLIN S. COOPER. Carbonic AnHenry Hurd Rusby: PROFESSOR C. W. BALLARD ...... 53 hydrase Inactivation as the Source of Sulfanilamide "Acidosis": DR. ARTHUR LOCKE, DR. E. R. Sctentteic Events: MAIN andDR. R. R. MELLON ........................................... 64 A Newt Course in Aircraft Production at New York University; Fellowships and Scholarships in EngiScientific Apparatus and Laboratory Methods: peering at Corntell U~niversity; The American M~uReunion of Stumps of Small Nerves by Tubulation seum-Sinclair Dinosaur Expedition; Work of the instead of Suture: PROFESSOR PAUL WEISS. A Field Museum of Natural History during 1940; Method for Determining and Specifying Locality Medal of Honor of the Institute of Radio Engiby Collectors: CLYDE F. REED ...................................... 67 neers ........................................... 54 Science N ws .8


Objective The transmission route of twelve meridian of human was studied with 32 P radioautography.\ Methods\ 220 case patients with bone diseases(Sanyin meridian in hand,30 cases,Sanyang meridian in hand,30 cases,Sanyang meridian in food,30 cases and Sanyin meridian in food,130 cases) were examined. Results 176 cases were positive,positive rate was 80%.\ Point radioautography was in 8 cases and linear radioautography on 1 case. Conclusion This fact that 32 P runs in depth of 2~3 mm under the skin because of its effective range is only 4 mm,suggesting that the transmission route of twelve meridian of human might be in depth of 2~3 mm under the skin.\;


The cost of oxygen enrichment is the key to the application of oxy-fuel combustion technology.In order to prove the possibility of the commercial oxygen enrichment membrane application in oxy-fuel combustion technology,operation conditions of the oxygen enrichment membrane and the comparison of different oxygen enrichment membrane were studied.The experimental results demonstrated that both pressure in feed and vacuum in permeation not only could reduce energy but also extend membrane life.Low temperature was beneficial to oxygen enrichment and extension membrane life.The membrane area could be reduction in turn when membranes were in series.The experiments also showed that PSU was the excellent membrane material of the support for oxygen enrichment.At the same time,PEI was the potential material with good oxygen selectivity.Commercial oxygen enrichment membrane couldn't reach oxygen concentration of demand in oxy-fuel combustion technology,so new cheap oxygen-enrichment technology should be studied.


The present paper treats the single modal vibration control of CFRP laminated plates based on the independent modal space control.A modal sensor for identifying specific vibration mode is constructed by one accelerometer and one band-pass filter,where the sensor is optimally placed based on the minimization criterion of observation spillover due to unmeasured vibration modes.Moreover,one macro-fiber composite(MFC)actuator is also optimally placed to maximize the induced modal control force for controlled vibration mode. The effectiveness of optimal placement of MFC actuator for vibration suppression is examined through the experimental results.


Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the intermediate- and short-term effects of transcatheter secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) closure on cardiac electric remodeling in children and adults. Methods: Fifty patients with secundum ASD referred for possible transcatheter device closure were subjected to history taking, proper physical examination, electrocardiographic assessment, and transthoracic echocardiographic examination and were evaluated before the ASD closure, 1 day, 3 months, and 6 months after closure. Results: During the 6-month follow-up, electrocardiographic parameters of remodeling were improved. P dispersion decreased from 49.73 ± 9.01 ms to 30.53 ± 5.08 ms (P = 0.004), QT dispersion decreased from 67.60 ± 5.31 to 51.13 ± 5.73 ms (P = 0.003), QRS duration decreased from 134.40 ± 4.97 ms to 116.20 ± 3.47 ms (P = 0.002), and PR interval decreased from 188.87 ± 6.06 ms to 168.00 ± 6.16 ms (P = 0.002). Electric remodeling was associated with remodeling of the cardiac chambers. At the end of follow-up, the right ventricular (RV) end-diastolic dimension decreased from 25.67 ± 5.50 mm to 17.80 ± 2.70 mm (P = 0.001) the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension increased from 33.17 ± 6.44 mm to 37.53 ± 5.15 mm (P = 0.002), mean pulmonary artery pressure decreased from 16.97 ± 3.37 mmHg to 9.22 ± 1.37 mmHg (P = 0.000), and RV systolic pressure decreased from 30.77 ± 4.69 mmHg to 18.8 ± 2.11 mmHg. After 6 months, 93.3% of the patients had normal RV size. Conclusion: Transcatheter ASD device closure leads to a significant improvement in the right-sided chambers' dimension and function and can reverse electrical changes in atrial and ventricular myocardium in children and adults after correcting hemodynamic status in short- and intermediate-term follow-up.


Tuberculosis, one of the most frequent infectious diseases, is caused by a mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria and it infects several hundred million people each year, results in several million deaths annually. Because there is development of antibiotic resistance, the disease becomes incurable. So, in the absence of effective and potent drug with minimal resistance problems, the mortality rate increases annually. In this computational investigation, we performed In-silico ADME, bioactivity and toxicity parameters calculation of some selected antituberculosis agents. To design a new molecule having good pharmacological profile, this study will provide the lead information.


The power consumption of a data centre (DC) can be attributed to the power consumed by running the servers and the power consumed for cooling them. The challenge is to optimally balance IT and cooling power requirements, which demands the minimisation of a non-linear energy utilisation function. In this paper we propose a problem decomposition-based approach to tackle a non-linear energy utilisation function and successfully apply it to minimising the energy consumption of a DC.


This reflection essay focuses on the problems inherent in the design and development of an online public speaking course, which in part result from presuming the course must mirror its face-to-face counterpart. Based on our own experiences and background in designing an online public speaking course, we recommend that instructors and administrators of this course solve such problems by employing design strategies that effectively adapt the course content and pedagogy to a digital context. The essay begins with a description of an integrated course design model (Fink, 2005) that proved useful to us for accomplishing this task. Then we discuss how we used the four components of the initial design stage of this model to take advantage of opportunities for teaching public speaking online.


We construct the Numerical Galaxy Catalog (νGC), based on a semianalytic model of galaxy formation combined with high-resolution N-body simulations in a Λ-dominated flat cold dark matter (ΛCDM) cosmological model. The model includes several essential ingredients for galaxy formation, such as merging histories of dark halos taken directly from N-body simulations, radiative gas cooling, star formation, heating by supernova explosions (supernova feedback), mergers of galaxies, population synthesis, and extinction by internal dust and intervening H I clouds. As the first paper in a series using this model, we focus on basic photometric, structural, and kinematical properties of galaxies at present and at high redshift. Two sets of model parameters are examined, strong and weak supernova feedback models, which are in good agreement with observational luminosity functions of local galaxies within observational uncertainties. Both models agree well with many observations of, e.g., cold gas mass-to-stellar luminosity ratios of spiral galaxies, H I mass functions, galaxy sizes, faint galaxy number counts and photometric redshift distributions in optical passbands, isophotal angular sizes, and cosmic star formation rates. In particular, the strong supernova feedback model is in much better agreement with near-infrared (K′-band) faint galaxy number counts and redshift distribution than the weak-feedback model and our previous semianalytic models based on the extended Press-Schechter formalism. Observed Tully-Fisher relations for bright galaxies and color-magnitude relations for dwarf elliptical galaxies in clusters of galaxies are broadly reproduced, but no agreement with observations is obtained over whole ranges. Nevertheless, they show improvements over results produced by other semianalytic models. A direction to be pursued in overcoming the remaining problems is also discussed. We find that the resolution of N-body simulations, which is down to 3 × 109 M☉ for the minimum mass of dark halos consisting of 10 dark matter particles in our model, plays a significant role in galaxy formation, and that merging histories of dark halos directly taken from N-body simulations produce results different from models based on the extended Press-Schechter model even if the mass function of dark halos at present is set to be the same as that obtained by the same N-body simulations used here.


Several years ago, there appeared an amusing and provocative book entitled Sergeant Shakespeare, in which the author, Duff Cooper, attempts to prove that William Shakespeare had at some time in his life served in the army. He bases his argument on the fact that Shakespeare's knowledge of matters military, of strategy and insight into the martial mind, as revealed by his works, could only have been acquired firsthand as a serving soldier. The years between 1585, the year when Shakespeare's twins were baptized, and 1592, when there is proof that he was firmly established in London, are Shakespeare's so called "lost" years, because evidence as to his whereabouts during this period is very scant and unreliable. The author maintains that it was during these seven years that Shakespeare served as a sergeant, or noncommissioned officer, in the army in the Low Countries. He failed to reach officer rank because he was not of high enough birth, but "a man of his intelligence was not likely to remain for long a private soldier." The author does not rely wholly on the evidence of martial imagery in Shakespeare's plays to support his thesis. He cites the fact that, in 1585, Shakespeare was in trouble because of a poaching incident. In that year, too, England needed soldiers to fight in the Low Countries. The Commander-in-Chief who was to lead them was the Earl of Leicester whose seat was Kenilworth, thirteen miles from Stratford. Instead of walking to London, then, young Shakespeare walked to Kenilworth, enlisted, and thus acquired protection against the law of the land. If the author of this amusing book did not succeed in proving that Shakespeare was a soldier, he did succeed in proving Shakespeare's genius in the use of words, his supreme ability in making the best use of his literary sources and his facility for stamping bits of acquired knowledge with his personal authenticity. He writes with easy realism on sentries, soldiers, battles, fortifications, flags and standards, weapons, explosives, and all the panoply of war. He describes, for example, with stark realism the timeless


Industrial process heat applications have been identified as a promising new area of application for thermal energy storage systems. Storage systems offer not only the reuse of thermal energy in cyclic processes which facilitates the integration of solar energy due to the availability of storage capacity. The bulk of process heat applications require steam at pressures between 1 and 20. While the application of phase change materials (PCMs) is straightforward for isothermal energy storage, no commercial system is available in this temperature range today.

Modelica is used to analyse different kinds of steam storage systems for applications in power plants and process industry. The analysis includes varying pressure steam accumulators, which are state of the art, and a novel kind of steam accumulator with a phase change material (PCM). For the analysis of steam accumulators a vertical discretisation of the storage vessel is elemental. Based on the Fluid and Media Library models for the simulation of multiphase flows are developed. The drainage and flooding of volumes can be reproduced as well as the vertical stacking. Based on the media library a general multiphase media package is build for the handling of multiphase applications.


Herein, we report a 50-year-old smoker with chronic cough and no other pre-existing conditions in his medical history. Lung function tests and laboratory findings were normal. The computed tomography showed a bilateral reticulonodular pattern with calcifications (Fig. 1). We performed a thoracoscopic biopsy. Histopathological examination revealed a pulmonary ossification of unknown aetiology (Fig. 2).


To the Editor: —In the discussion of Dr. Neff's article on "Recent Experiences in the Artificial Feeding of One Hundred Infants" (The Journal, Dec. 23, 1911, p. 2008), Dr. R. B. Tubbs, of Council Bluffs, Ia., says that lie "cannot see why it is any more legitimate for us to give condensed milk than it is to give proprietary medicines." I wish to ask Dr. Tubbs what he would advise using in place of condensed milk out here in the Nevada deserts, 05 miles from railroad and 00 miles from the nearest milk cow or goat. I have no startling results to record from its use, but the babies under my care are holding their own through careful attention to dilutions, time of feeding, etc.


The concept of determining the amount of adequate compensation in land acquisition has been discussed by many; yet, there is no clear measure to explain the real meaning of adequate compensation to the land owners. This is due to the fact that not much research has been conducted to explain the meaning of adequate compensation in land acquisition. Therefore, the research seeks to explore the meaning of adequate compensation to the affected land owners by identifying the elements of land owners' dissatisfactions in land acquisition in the case study areas. Data were gathered from selected land owners, land administrators and valuers on ways to determine the meaning of adequate compensation. Land owners were interviewed from several areas in Kedah namely Kerpan, Beris, Kg. Tok Murad and Jalan Sik-Gurun whose lands were acquired for prawn rearing, dam, Al-Bukhary Higher Learning Institute and road expansion projects respectively. These areas represented significant public interests on issues in land acquisition in Kedah. Data were analyzed using qualitative analysis to form patterns, categories and themes in order to achieve the research objectives. The findings were presented in the form of phrase expressions, charts, diagrams and tables. The research revealed that adequate compensation comprises all losses without taking into consideration any special or sentimental values of the land taken. The valuation must be done in accordance with the date of acquisition and, no differentiation in values should be made with reference to the proposed use of the land after acquisition. Moreover, the acquiring authority has to consider any losses of fruit bearing trees and pays extra compensation for the hardships faced by the land owners as a result of the land acquisition. The authority is also suggested to conduct more frequent discussions with the land owners, to make the land acquisition process more transparent, to provide efficient ways of delivering notices, to hold conducive public hearing and to make prompt payments.


The BESIII experiment has accumulated millions of spin entangled hyperon–antihyperon pairs from the decays of the J/ψ and ψ(2S ) mesons produced in electron–positron collisions. Using multi-dimensional methods to analyze the angular distributions in the sequential decays the hyperon and antihyperon decay amplitudes are studied and tests of the combined charge-conjugation–parity (CP) symmetry are performed. Implications of the recent results using J/ψ decays into Λ$ \bar \Lambda $ and Ξ−$ \bar {\Xi}^{+} $ are presented. For the cascade decay chain, the exclusive measurement allows for three independent CP tests and the first direct determination of the weak phases.


Abstract Objectives: To describe 532-nm Green laser enucleation of the prostate (GreenLEP) and assess its feasibility, safety, and short-term outcomes. Patients and Methods: Thirty consecutive patients with a prostate volume >80 cc and who underwent GreenLEP (by one surgeon) between July 2013 and March 2014 were prospectively evaluated. GreenLEP was conducted using the GreenLight HPS™ device (AMS, Minnetonka, MN), and morcellation was conducted using a Wolf™ morcellator. Clinical data on preoperative assessment, operative characteristics, and postoperative assessments of 6- to 12-month functional outcomes and complications were entered into a database. Results: GreenLEP was conducted effectively in all but one case, necessitating a conversion into open surgery for adenoma and clot removal. The median operative time was 60 minutes (range: 50–100). Perioperative complications included perforation of the prostatic capsule in five cases. The median hospital stay was 2 days (range: 2–5). Nine-month follow-ups ...


The present study aims to formulate and evaluate Levocetirizine hydrochloride and Montelukast sodium bilayered tablet for treating nasal allergic rhinitis effectively. By combining Levocetirizine with Montelukast gives additional benefits in comparison with either drug alone and could be considered for patients whose quality of life is impaired by persistent allergic rhinitis. Bilayered tablet may be designed for one layer for the immediate release of the drug and second layer for extended release thus maintaining a prolonged blood level. To achieve patient compliance by reduced frequency of drug administration, and reduced side effects. Bilayer tablets were formulated using wet granulation method for Montelukast Sodium and direct compression method for Levoceterizine dihydrochloride. Preparation of sustained release layer Using Xanthum gum, HPMC k100 as polymers and pvp-k30, iso propyl alcohol as binders, microcrystalline cellulose and magnesium stearate as lubricants. By using both polymers drug release rate was retarded upto 12 hours and immediate release layer using sodium starch glycolate, croscarmellose sodium and povidone as superdisintegrants and diluents like mannitol, sodim stearyl fumarate, sodium saccharin, microcrystalline cellulose. By using croscarmellose sodium. Within 15 min 98 percent of drug was released. The powder blend was subjected for pre-compressional parameters such as bulk density and tapped density, angle of repose, compressibility index and hausner's ratio. The prepared tablets are evaluated to post-compressional parameters such as hardness, friability, average weight, uniformity of weight and in-vitro dissolution studies. Drug compatibility with excipients was checked by FT-IR studies. The values of pre-compressional parameters evaluated were within prescribed limits and indicated good free flowing property. The values of post-compressional parameters evaluated were within acceptable limits. The dissolution profiles of all the formulations were evaluated. Amongst all the formulations, the release profile of formula f8, f5 gave optimum results. It was concluded that optimized bilayered Levocetirizine dihydrochloride F8 and Montelukast F5, is successful formulation and can be manufactured with reproducible characteristics from batch to batch. The optimized formulation f8, f5 was compared to the marketed product and hence found to be superior over the marketed product.


In the clinical case presented, we describe the medical history of a forty years old patient in the acute period of cerebral infarction related to the dissection of the internal carotid artery, including the techniques and possible results of endovascular therapy� In this clinical scenario of acute stroke period, emergency angioplasty and stenting of carotid artery have been shown to be a highly effective approach�


As indicated by the World Health Organization as of year of 2014, around 10,000 people have been influenced with Ebola infection. The episode of Ebola in African locale is courged with a a high dearth frate up to 88%. In Asia, where billions live in indigence and general wellbeing frameworks are frequently powerless, are under more serious danger of Ebola infection. Despite the fact that nations like Singapore, Malaysia, South Korea and Japan can take stretched out measures to battle against the infection, Indonesia have unfathomable quantities of poor who may be incredibly influenced by a conceivable episode. Even though the chances that Asia will take a critical hit from the Ebola infection appear to be genuinely little, Indonesia must remain alert in its prevention and handling efforts. This article will concentrate on potential of Ebola outbreaks in Indonesia and how to handle them.


INTRODUCTION The University of Florida (UF) and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) are evaluating the hygrothermal (heat and moisture flow) performance and durability of sealed attic construction where open cell spray polyurethane foam (ocSPF) insulation is applied directly to the underside of the roof deck. During the 2015–2016 fiscal year and with financial support from the Florida Building Commission (FBC) and the Florida Roofing and Sheet Metal Contractors Association (FRSA), UF and the ORNL Building Technology Research Integration Center (BTRIC) completed Phase I of a study that setup four residential home demonstrations in Florida climate zones CZ-1A and CZ-2A. Field measurements for the homes are listed in Table 1. The four homes are instrumented for measuring temperature and relative humidity of the indoor living space, the outdoor air and the attic air. In addition, the temperature, relative humidity and moisture content of the roof sheathing are being monitored and recorded by remotely-acc...


Comprehensive activity understanding of multiple subjects in a video requires subject detection, action identification, and behavior interpretation as well as the interactions among subjects and background. This work develops the action recognition of subject(s) based on the correlations and interactions of the whole scene and subject(s) by using the Deep Neural Network (DNN). The proposed DNN consists of 3D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Spatial Attention (SA) generation layer, mapping convolutional fused-depth layer, Transformer Encoder (TE), and two fully connected layers with late fusion for final classification. Especially, the attention mechanisms in SA and TE are implemented to find out meaningful action information on spatial and temporal domains for enhancing recognition performance, respectively. The experimental results reveal that the proposed DNN shows the superior accuracies of 97.8%, 98.4% and 85.6% in the datasets of traffic police, UCF101-24 and JHMDB-21, respectively. Therefore, our DNN is an outstanding classifier for various action recognitions involving one or multiple subjects.


In this thesis we explore the vacua structure of type IIA orientifold (CY) compactifications with fluxes, from the 4d and the 10d point of view. We start by reviewing type IIA Calabi-Yau orientifold compactifications with fluxes. We consider RR and NSNS fluxes, and then add (non)-geometric fluxes. We recall how the potential can be written as a bilinear expression and review the main swampland conjectures involving these scenarios. Once the basics have been setted, we perform a systematic search of vacua, using directly the 4d action. We focus first on the case with RR and NSNS fluxes and then repeat the same game by including geometric fluxes. We find several families of SUSY and non-SUSY AdS$_4$ vacua. We check which of them are (perturbatively) stable and which have separation of scales. We then analyse from the 10d perspective the SUSY vacua derived in the 4d effective theory. We comment on how an uplift to $SU(3)$ structure manifolds does not exist unless the O6 planes are smeared. We go beyond this approximation and look for an uplift in $SU(3)\times SU(3)$ manifolds, considering only the case with RR and NSNS fluxes. To do so, we expand the equations of motion in terms of $g_s$. At zeroth order we recover the smearing approximation. We solve the expansion at first order, where the localised nature of the O6-planes is taken into account. We use the same machinery to study the non-perturbative stability of some of the families of non-SUSY vacua with only RR and NSNS fluxes. According to a refined version of the weak gravity conjecture, there should be membranes in the spectrum with $Q>T$, triggering its decay. We see that D8 branes wrapping the internal manifold with D6 branes ending on them can satisfy this requirement. We finish by recapping all the results and making some comments about which questions are still open.


This study presents a preliminary investigation report on an aging-level-based (ALB) charging strategy that is possible to extend the battery lifespan by varying the charge current according to the state of health of a cell as opposed to the standard constant-current constant-voltage (CC-CV) and a four-stage constant current (4SCC) methods. Experimental tests have been carried out, which employed Sanyo UR14500P lithium-ion batteries in the cylindrical shape with a nominal voltage of 3.7 V and a rated capacity of 840 mAh. The results demonstrate that the ALB charging strategy with a CC charge profile is able to slow down the cell capacity fade by 3.84% compared with the standard CC charging method after 120 cycles, which increases the lifetime of 40 cycles to 50 cycles. Besides, the ALB charging strategy with a 4SCC charge profile is able to slow down the cell capacity fade by 2.55% compared with the standard 4SCC charging method after 100 cycles, which prolongs the lifetime of 30 cycles to 40 cycles. Nevertheless, the ALB charging strategy with both the CC and 4SCC charge profiles has much longer charging time than those with the standard charging method, and the charging time increases by 22.5% and 10.71%, respectively.


Land-based infrared (IR) video cameras are used to detect heat plumes expelled at the initial stages of a forest fire around the clock. Two promising methods which are based on characterization and identification of IR temporal heat plume signature are discussed. The first method uses the difference of video frames from two co-located cooled long-wave infrared (CLWIR) and cooled mid-wave infrared (CMWIR) cameras. Processing the sequence of CLWIR and CMWIR frame differences allow for effective extraction of the heat plume's "flickering" features, which are characteristic to the early stages of a forest fire. The second method involves spectral analysis of CLWIR and CLWIR videos followed by design and implementation of a pertinent temporal filter to detect fire heat plume signal. Spikes in the Fourier transform spectra of CLWIR and CLWIR videos are identified and attributed to various dynamic features in the scene being monitored. A subsequent digital bandpass filter is implemented to detect the presence of fire heat plume by isolating and identifying its main spectral components. Further experimentation is needed to optimize performance and assess sensitivity to observation height, viewing angle, range, climate, and day/night time operation.


Overtaking experiments on four two-lane highways were conducted. The data of overtaking conflict time (the time difference between the time of driving back to the original lane and the time of meeting with the first opposing vehicle) and experimental drivers' risk feeling were observed. Membership was adopted to denote the experimental drivers' risk feelings which also denote the severity of traffic conflict. Membership ranges from 0 to 1 and corresponding risk becomes higher; that is, traffic conflict becomes more serious. According to the observed relationship between overtaking conflict time, and drivers' risk feeling membership, Cauchy distribution function was adopted as membership function. The thresholds of the severity of traffic conflict were determined through Delphi method. The relationship model among traffic volume, overtaking conflict time and design speed was established according to experimental data. Then the idea of setting auxiliary lane on two-lane highway in China was presented. And the traffic volume values that need setting auxiliary lane corresponding to different design speed and traffic conflict degree were given according to the established model. It is expected to improve the traffic safety level of two-lane highway in China through setting auxiliary lane.


V i e n n a , 2020-04-29 – In 2019, a total of 416 persons died in road traffic accidents in Austria. According to Statistics Austria, this means an increase in fatalities of 1.7% compared to 2018. Among those, 16 children were fatally injured, this means an increase by 13 children or 433% compared to 2018. In contrast, the number of road traffic accidents (35 736) and injuries (45 140) decreased in 2019 by 3% each.


Abstract To enhance the skin whitening effect, tyrosinase activity and melanin biosynthesis needs to be suppressed in the skin. To achieve this goal, we examined the extract of Thymus quinquecostatus flowers, and identified a functional ingredient, galuteolin. Galuteolin effectively inhibited melanin biosynthesis in B16/F10 cells, partially suppressing tyrosinase activity. Therefore, this study suggests that galuteolin can be used as a cosmetic ingredient for skin whitening. Graphical Abstract


Thixoforming offers the possibility to produce 3D-shaped formed parts in a reliable manner. The process is based on a laminar filling of the die. This helps to avoid gas entrapments even in sections with a larger wall thickness. The processing of the material in the semi-solid state reduces the formation of shrinkage porosity. Alusuisse-Lonza has started R&D activities in the field of Thixoforming at the beginning of the 90ies. During the second half of 1996 a Thixoforming production cell will be installed at Alusingen. Production will start during 1997.


All patients (n=114) sents from Outpatient Clinic of Physical and Rehabilitative Medicine, "Maggiore della Carita" Hospital, Novara, Italy  the  underwent a dental examination, in anticipation of taking Denosumab. Patients undergoing a dental check-up were on adjuvant therapy with hormone therapy drugs due to previous breast and prostate cancer. Good oral health is a prerequisite for starting denosumab treatment.


This study focused on the development of land fill gas for power generation in Sub-Saharan Africa. In rapidly expanding cities in developing and emerging nations, it has been observed that municipal solid waste (MSW) has increased dramatically, raising public concern about the effects on the environment and public health. In Sub-Saharan Africa today, the garbage of roughly 3.5 billion people is disposed of carelessly. Environmental pollution and its effects on people's quality of life have become more sensitive topics among residents and decision-makers in Sub-Saharan Africa. Additionally, municipal solid waste management (MSWM) is becoming a more important topic on the local political agenda. Local decision-makers routinely debate whether to invest in waste-to-energy technologies as part of their effort to modernize waste management systems. Waste-to-Energy technologies are being promoted more and more as an alluring solution to a number of problems, including the urgent issue of waste disposal. These issues include inadequate power production, a shortage of landfill space, and greenhouse gas emissions from improper waste management. As an alternative to waste burning and composting, landfilling is one of the municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal techniques that are most frequently used. Due to its financial benefits, the sanitary landfill method is still often employed in various nations for the final disposal of solid waste. Landfill gas (LFG) is mostly produced by the anaerobic breakdown of the biodegradable component of municipal solid waste (MSW), specifically kitchen and yard trash, which is disposed of in landfills. Due to the anaerobic breakdown of the organic portion of solid waste, landfill gas is continuously produced. As a result, if an extraction system is not constructed in a landfill, there will be an overpressure that will force the biogas to be released into the atmosphere, which will have an adverse effect on the environment. Methane and carbon dioxide make up the majority of the gases that make up landfill gas, which is a mixture of other gases. Many landfill sites include an operational gas collection system that draws gas from both horizontal and vertical gas wells using a blower. The gas from the landfill was thought to only include carbon dioxide and methane. Methane's typical volume composition is 49%, hence it was believed that carbon dioxide would have a volume composition of 51%. Reviewing the information gathered by numerous studies regarding the volume of waste being dumped in landfills reveals that the waste produced in sub-Saharan Africa is sufficient to power the area with electricity. It was discovered that the quantity of electricity generated will fluctuate over time based on the flow rate of landfill gas. It will initially rise until a peak is attained. A million tons of landfill waste typically emits 434,000 cubic feet of LFG each day, which is sufficient to generate 0.80 MW of power. About 70% of LFG projects use internal combustion engines, gas turbines, and micro-turbines to produce power.


Airborne laser scanning data has proven to be a very suitable technique for the determination of digital surface models and is more and more being used for mapping and GIS data acquisition purposes, including the detection and modeling of man-made objects or vegetation. The aim of the work presented here is to segment raw laser scanner data in an unsupervised classification using anisotropic height texture measures. Anisotropic operations have the potential to discriminate between orientated and non-orientated objects. The techniques have been applied to data sets from different laser scanning systems and from different regions, mainly focussing on high-density laser scanner data. The results achieved in these pilot studies show the large potential of airborne laser scanning in the field of 3-D GIS data acquisition.


Designers working with programmable hardware can choose from a wide selection of platforms including off-the-shelf, custom or application-specific, field-programmable, configurable and many other products and devices. The range of options and distinct application requirements is growing and designers have to understand and distinguish between the options available to them. In this talk, Chris draws upon his wide-ranging knowledge of the semiconductor industry, differing application markets ranging from consumer to defence and experience from Cambridge Consultants' projects to offer some insight into the platform choices available; how they may be differentiated and how an investment in them might be protected given the level of engineering development and product life-cycle challenges that must be met. Further observations offered regarding market trends, choice of computation model, program memory system, development and verification tools and sourcing underlying intellectual property. (27 pages)


Recent Arctic sea ice retreat has been quicker than the projection in most general circulation model (GCM) simulations. Natural factors may have amplified this, but reliable attribution and projection requires accurate representation of relevant physical processes. In the meeting, we will present results indicating robust links between CloudSat-CALIPSO falling ice and Arctic sea ice melting from observations and global climate modelings.  Most current GCMs don’t fully represent falling ice radiative effects (FIREs).  We find that a small set of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, phase 5 (CMIP5) models that include FIREs tend to show a faster Arctic sea ice retreat. We investigate this using controlled simulation with the CESM1-CAM5 model both in present-day and 1%CO2 scenarios. With FIREs, CESM1-CAM5 simulates more realistic present-day annual and seasonal variations of radiation and skin temperatures and Arctic sea ice coverage and thickness. Over 60—90 °N oceans, simulated radiative flux trends are similar but the current-day state differs substantially due to FIREs. Falling ice reduces downward shortwave and increase downward longwave, resulting in an improved agreement with the satellite-based CERES-EBAF surface dataset. Under 1pctCO2 simulations, including FIREs results in the first occurrence of an “ice free” Arctic (extent < 1×106 km2) in year 64, compared with year 91 otherwise. We propose that the equivalent greenhouse effects from falling ice results in fewer safe spaces in which sea ice can thicken during winter, resulting in a thinner pack whose retreat is more easily triggered by global warming. However, this explanation does not apply across the CMIP5 ensemble members. Our results therefore only apply to one model but we have shown that this can have substantial implications for Arctic sea ice projection. Given that falling ice interaction with radiation in reality, we propose that including FIREs in models is a high priority.


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A survey was conducted to determine the crop damage by wild animals in Kerala. The data were collected from the office record of the Divisional Forest Offices and by visiting the field. Major crops destroyed by wild animals in Kerala are paddy ( Oryza sativa ), coconut palm ( Cocos nucifera ), plantains ( Musa sp.), arecanut ( Aareca catechu ), coffee ( Coffea arabica ), tea ( Thea sinensis ), rubber ( Havea braziliensis ), cashew ( Anacardium occidentale ), oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis ), Pepper ( Piper nigrum ), Sugarcane ( Saccharum officinarum ), tapioca ( Manihot utilissium ), etc. Maximum crop damage was recorded from the Wynaad Wildlife Sanctuary, Elephant ( Elephas maximus ), Wild Boar ( Sus scrofa ), Porcupine ( Hystrix indica ), Gaur ( Bos gaurus ), Sambar ( Cervus unicolor ), Bonnet Macaque ( Macaca radiata ), Common Langur ( Presbytis entellus ) are the main animals involved in crop damage. Out of the total compensation claimed only 8.2% was disbursed by the Forest Department. It is found that high voltage electric fencing using energizer is very effective for stopping elephants from entering agricultural fields.


Over the last decades, cities have been acting as entrepreneurs in attracting visitors. They tend to develop marketing strategies to have a competitive advantage over the others. Cultural tourism, one of the main motivations behind these marketing strategies, has been widely adapted as an urban policy. This paper discusses how cultural tourism has become a tool for urban regeneration and how a sustainable and profitable cultural tourism can be compatible with urban regeneration policies in Istanbul. This study also evaluates Istanbul 2010: The European Capital of Culture, which has been one of the agenda topics in the last few years. Thus, we regard the European Capital of Culture event as a stage to present developments in cultural tourism and its effects on urban regeneration.