Freshwater management requires balancing and tradingoff multiple objectives, many of which may be competing. Ecological needs for freshwater are often described in terms of environmental flow recommendations (e.g., minimum flows), and there are many techniques for developing these recommendations, which range from hydrologic rules to multidisciplinary analyses supported by large teams of subject matter experts. Although hydrologic rules are well acknowledged as overly simplified, these techniques remain the state‐of‐the‐practice in many locations. This article seeks to add complexity to the application of these techniques by studying the emergent properties of hydrologic environmental flow methodologies. Two hydrologic rules are applied: minimum flow criteria and sustainability boundaries. Objectives and metrics associated with withdrawal rate and similarity to natural flow regimes are used to tradeoff economic and environmental needs, respectively, over a range of flow thresholds and value judgments. A case study of hypothetical water withdrawals on the Middle Oconee River near Athens, Georgia is applied to demonstrate these techniques. For this case study, sustainability boundaries emerge as preferable relative to both environmental and economic outcomes. Methods applied here provide a mechanism for examining the role of stakeholder values and tradeoffs in application of hydrologic rules for environmental flows.


The medical issues identified with prosthetic diseases are overpowering. Per prosthetic contaminations are not kidding difficulties, prompting to osteomyelitis, profound tissue disease, and perpetual agony, which may bring about embed disappointment. The cost identified with embed related contamination is a financial weight for society and the administration. As a delineation, the per prosthetic joint disease update cost in USA is around $566 million every year, and it is relied upon to reach $1.62 billion by 2020 [1]. The likelihood of prosthetic contamination occasions could be impacted by a few hazard elements, including preoperative hazard elements (e.g., stoutness, diabetes-mellitus), agent chance elements, and postoperative hazard variables (e.g., postoperative injury confusions, urinary tract diseases, and allergenic blood transfusion). Joint substitution update surgery is a surgery technique that is performed after the essential surgery because of (i) embed releasing/lysis, (ii) diseases, and (iii) torment. Modification surgery is generally more costly and is at times more mind boggling than the essential joint substitution surgery [2]. The treatment for periprosthetic contaminations may include two-arrange prosthetic trade isolated by six weeks of intravenous anti-microbial treatment, which brings about long haul hospitalization and a cost very nearly 5 times higher than the essential surgery [3]. Investigations of bacterial connection to surfaces are seriously directed in designing, marine, natural, furthermore biomedical embed gadget because of its negative ramifications. The connection of microbes to a biomedical embed is a vital stride in the pathogenesis of prosthetic contamination.


There has been long-standing debate over whether or not firms gain economic competiveness from reducing their impact on the environment. Although ample literature is available on association between environmental performance and financial performance across various sectors, little empirical evidence is available in context of Indian banking sector. This research aims to analyze whether there is any significant relationship between environmental performance and financial performance of banks operating in India for a period 2013-14 to 2017-18. Secondary data has been collected for a sample of 83 banks operating in India. Content analysis was applied to extract information about environmental performance disclosed by sample banks followedby construction of environmental disclosure score index. Hierarchical multiple regression was applied to analyze relationship between environmental performance and financial performance after controlling for effects of size, financial leverage and capital intensity. Results exhibit no significant relationship between environmental performance and financial performance of banks operating in India. Findings of this research are expected to provide insight to users and readers of financial statements to have better understanding about the environmental practices carried out by banks. It would also contribute significantly towards decision making for policy makers in Indian banking sector to establish mandatory environmental legislations for reporting on environmental practices in order to improve non financial disclosure and financial performance in Indian banking sector.


The objectives of this research are to analyze the users' ability and willingness to pay the Kuala Namu airport railink services, to find the ideal fare of the train services and to investigate the basic consideration in determining the services fare from PT.Railink. Data is collected by interviews based on the questionnaire. Moreover, in analyzing the data, household budget method and stated preference method are used to measure the ability and the willingness respectively. The results shows that the average respondent's ability to pay is Rp 78,375 and the average respondent's willingness to pay is Rp 60,375. However, after the increase in quality of priority, the average respondent's ability to pay will become Rp 71,375 with the average amount of money that is willing to be added by respondent is Rp 22,632. In determining the fare, PT. Railink has considered the operation fee and the quality of services given to the customers as its primary reasons. Based on the current fare, respondent who have the ability to pay is only 50%. The research reveal that the ideal fare for the train services is Rp 69.375, which will increase the percentage of respondents who have the ability to pay to 72.5% Key Words : Ability to Pay (ATP), Willingness to Pay (WTP), Ideal Fare, PT.Railink.


8-Chloro-10-(2-dimethylaminoethoxy) dibenzo [b, f] thiepin (4) and related compounds were prepared by various methods. The results from the pharmacological investigation suggest that many of these compounds will be a kind of neuroleptics and the clinical investigation of the compounds 4 as a neuroleptic is underway.


1. Hayek's Two Epistemologies and the Paradoxes of His Thought Jeffrey Friedman 2. The Failed Appropriation of F. A. Hayek by Formalist Economics Peter J. Boettke And Kyle W. O'Donnell 3. Hayek and Liberty Andrew Gamble 4. The Road to Serfdom's Economistic Worldview Francois Godard 5. Hayek, Social Theory, and the Contrastive Explanation of Socio-Economic Order Paul Lewis 6. The "Mirage" of Social Justice: Hayek Against (and For) Rawls Andrew Lister 7. The Planners and the Planned Alan Ryan 8. Some Implications of Hayek's Cognitive Theory Michael Strong 9. Hayek, Equilibrium, and the Role of Institutions in Economic Order Karen I. Vaughn 10. Hayek's Business-Cycle Theory: Half Right Daniel Kuehn


Data from the US National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 were used to model the influence of dropping out of school on school-age pregnancy. This cohort, in grade 8 in 1988, was reinterviewed in 1990, 1992, and 1994. 822 teens (13.3%)--20.1% of Hispanics, 10.1% of Whites, and 25.1% of Blacks--in this cohort had school-age pregnancies leading to live births and 60% of these teens dropped out at some point between grades 8-12. 28.2% dropped out before pregnancy and an additional 30.3% left school after pregnancy. A significantly higher proportion of Hispanic teens than White and Black teens dropped out at any point (68.7%, 59.6%, and 50.3%, respectively). 47.6% of Hispanic dropouts, 33.0% of Black dropouts, and 34.3% of White dropouts had subsequent teen pregnancies. In a proportional hazards model, prior high school dropout status had a significant effect on the risk of school-age pregnancy among Hispanic and White teens, after controlling for family, individual, and school and classroom characteristics. Prior dropout status was not significantly related to the risk of pregnancy among Black teens, however. Overall, these findings suggest that part of the reason that teen mothers ultimately have lower educational levels may be due to their disengagement from school prior to pregnancy. Teen pregnancy prevention programs should consider the role of schools in helping adolescents to develop future aspirations and motivation to avoid early pregnancy.


23 Background: Polysaccharides from marine sources offer diverse therapeutic 24 functions due to their multifarious biological nature. Polysaccharide from Gracilaria 25 lemaneiformis possesses various bioactive functions, but its anti-allergic activity 26 remains incompletely defined. 27 Objective: This study aimed to extract and analyze sulfated polysaccharide from 28 Gracilaria lemaneiformis (GLSP), investigate the effects of GLSP on the anti-allergic 29 activity in both animal and cell models, and explore its anti-allergic mechanisms. 30 Methods: GLSP was obtained by water extraction, ethyl alcohol deposition, and 31 column chromatography. Tropomyosin (TM)-sensitized mice were treated with GLSP 32 intragastrically for the prevention group and the treatment group. The effects of GLSP 33 on the function of IgE-mediated RBL-2H3 and the activation of KU812 cell lines 34 were also investigated. Finally, the inhibition of signaling molecules by GLSP was 35 detected through Western blot and Proteome assays. 36 Results: GLSP was a 152,481 Da sulfated polysaccharose composed of galactose. 37 GLSP could alleviate allergy symptoms, effectively reduce TM-specific IgE and IgG1, 38 decrease the levels of histamine and mMCP-1, suppress Th2 cell polarization, and 39 promote the function of regulatory T cells in mice. In addition, GLSP had the ability 40 to inhibit the function of RBL-2H3 cells. And the sulfate of GLSP inhibited 41 degranulation. Meanwhile, the expression of CD63 and CD203c were reduced by 42 GLSP in activated KU812 cells. GLSP inhibited the activation of KU812 via 43 suppressing Syk and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK). 44 Conclusion: Immunosuppression as well as the reduction in the levels of Syk and p38 45 MAPK may contribute to the ability of GLSP to suppress the symptoms of food 46 allergy. The sulfate of GLSP may play an important role in the anti-allergic effect. 47


This written document presents an introduction to the soprano songs by the AustroAmerican composer Eric Zeisl. Songs chosen comprise published songs (Der Schäfer, Die Fünf Hühnerchen, Vergiss Mein Nicht, Vor Meinem Fenster) as well as unpublished songs (Der Briekfmark, Der Tag Erwacht, Immer Leiser Wird Mein Schlummer, Kommst Du Nicht Herein, Reiterliedchen). The thesis begins with a brief biographical outline of the composer and a discussion of his song style and his musical influences. Subsequent chapters include a discussion of the poets used in the chosen songs, as well as an analysis of these songs. Appendices provide translations, IPA transcriptions, a complete song list of Zeisl's soprano songs with vocal ranges, and a discography.


DCL-1 (CD302) is a novel C-type lectin receptor, discovered as a genetic fusion partner of DEC-205 (CD205), a C-type lectin that delivers antigen from the surface into DC antigen processing pathway (J. Biol. Chem.2003. 278:34035). We have now examined the molecular nature and expression of DCL-1. DCL-1 contains an external single C-type lectin-like domain followed by a transmembrane and cytoplasmic domain with putative signaling and endocytic motifs. The DCL-1 gene, consisting of 6 exons, was mapped to chromosome 2q24, approximately 5 kb downstream of the DEC-205 gene. Human DCL-1 has 76% protein identity to the mouse ortholog, suggesting its highly conserved function. Northern blot analysis showed that the 4.2 kb DCL-1 mRNA was present in myeloid cell lines, but not in T and B cell lines. Specialized phagocytic cells (i.e. monocytes, macrophages, granulocytes), monocyte-derived DC (MoDC) and blood DC (BDC) expressed DCL-1 mRNA, detected by RT-PCR. Immunoprecipitation/ Western blot (IP/WB) analysis using FLAG-tagged DCL-1 transfectants detected a broad band (modal size 35 kDa), which became a single 26 kDa band after N-glycosidase F digestion, indicating that DCL-1 is N-glycosylated. Flow cytometry studies with DCL-1 mAb (MMRI-20, developed in house) detected moderate levels of DCL-1 expression on granulocytes, monocytes, macrophages, MoDC and BDC, but not on lymphoid cells. Concomitant WB/IP analysis using the DCL-1 mAb detected 26 and 33 kDa doublets in monocytes, macrophages and MoDC. DCL-1 transfectants, macrophages, MoDC and BDC endocytosed cell surface DCL-1 after crosslinking with the DCL-1 mAb. DCL-1-Ig fusion protein bound to GlcNAc- and Man-conjugated beads, but not to GalNAc-, Fuc- and mannan-conjugated beads in a calcium-dependent manner. Thus, DCL-1 is expressed by phagocytes and DC, behaves as a C-type lectin, and is likely to be involved in endocytosis/phagocytosis of microbes. We are exploiting DCL-1 as a potential antigen-loading receptor for DC tumor immunotherapy.


Based on the theory of mutibody dynamics,a virtual prototype model of a vehicle is built by ADAMS.The impact of suspension system on comfort for the crew and the laws of damage of vehicles on the road are studied.Numerical calculation carried out in terms of the Appraisal criterion of the ride comfort and road friendliness,the influence of traveling speed,suspension spring stiffness and shock absorber damping upon vehicle ride comfort and road friendliness was analyzed,and optimized suspension parameters is obtained in the end.Through the analysis of comparison with dynamic tire force before and after optimization,some helpful conclusions about suspension design and application were achieved.


The complex [Ni(H2O)6]·[Ni2(phen)2(BTC)2(H2O)4]·4H2O(H3BTC benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid,phen =1,10-phenanthroline)was synthesized from the hydrothermal reaction and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis,element analysis and infrared spectrum.The result shows that the crystal structure belongs to Triclinic system,space grou P-1 with a=0.840 38(7)nm,b= 0.920 48(8)nm,c=1.647 93(14)nm,α=97.385 0(10)°,β=102.793 0(10)°,γ=104.970 0(10)°,V=1.177 36(17)nm3,F(000)=622,Z=1.The asymmetrical structure of the polymer consists of NiO6 unit and a dimeric Ni2N4O12unit,and a eight-membered ring is constructed through two phen and two BTC ligands.The two isolated structure are linked further by hydrogen bonds(O—H···O)to form three dimensional supremolecular structure.


The present research will aim to establish a program for the didactic integration of the environmental contents developed in the first grade of the Maria La Rivas Salas School Group, located in the Barinas State of Barinas, for the 2014-2015 school year. This article was framed in an action research participation (IAP), and is under a nature of qualitative research. Three (03) teachers of the first grade of the institution were taken as social actors. As technique, participant observation and in-depth interview of unstructured type were used. For the analysis of the information was proceeded to categorize, triangular and later theorize. Likewise, the reliability and validity to verify the information. As conclusions, the design, execution and evaluation of a program developed through an action plan that presented strategies for the didactic integration of the contents of environmental education organized taking into account three dimensions that allow to contribute to the process of teaching and learning in the First grade of the Maria La Rivas Salas School Group, namely: (a) Awareness raising, (b) Knowledge development and, (c) Social participation and integration.


Sputtering process of titanium have been carried out to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the Co-Cr-Mo alloy for orthopedic implant material. The CoCrMo alloy was synthesized by melting process with addition of Cr2N powder into melts to define the high Cr and high N contents. The solid Ti target was sputtered by argon gas and coated into the CoCrMo substrate at temperature of 200 °C for 2, and 4 hours in the nitrogen gas environment. Characterization was performed to the specimen of CoCrMo ingot before and after sputtering process by microstructure, hardness, corrosion and wear resistance tests. Synthesis of the alloy produced dendrite structure ingot. The hardness, the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance in the simulation body fluid increased after sputtering process due to the formation of oxide thin layer in surface of the alloy.


The molecular dynamics of a set of polysulfone polymers have been studied with broadband dielectric spectroscopy. The materials comprise main-chain polysulfones attached to semifluorinated (SF) oxydecylperfluorodecyl side chains. Through the analysis of the dielectric data together with information from differential scanning calorimetry and small-angle X-ray scattering, it can be shown that the oxydecylperfluorodecyl side chains are microphase-separated and form nanodomains with an independent dynamic glass-transition (δSF) relaxation. In addition to the α process (which is the glass transition of the main chain), other relaxation processes can be detected with Arrhenius-type activation energies of 38–90 ± 2 kJ/mol. A γSF process, observed only in polysulfone with SF side chains, can be assigned to librational fluctuations of the perpendicular component of the fluoroalkyl group. A γB relaxation reflects fluctuations of the dipole moments (OSO and CO) of the polymer, whereas a β process, with high activation energies (>70 ± 2 kJ/mol), is assigned to packaging defects in the material. A detailed description of the processes is provided together with a proposed relaxation scheme. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 105: 201–207, 2007


Abstract So-called "vector models", in which surfactant molecules retain only translational and orientational degrees of freedom, have been used to study the equilibrium properties of amphiphilic fluids for nearly a decade now. We demonstrate that hydrodynamic lattice-gas automata provide an effective means of coupling the Hamiltonian of such vector models to hydrodynamic flow with conserved momentum, thereby providing a self-consistent treatment of the hydrodynamics of amphiphilic fluids. In this "talk", we describe these hydrodynamic lattice-gas models in two and three dimensions, and present their application to problems of amphiphilic-fluid hydrodynamics, including the dynamics of phase separation and the shear-induced sponge-to-lamellar phase transition.


The structures of seven olivines of various compositions in the system Ni2Si04-Mg2 Si04 have been investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Crystals with inter mediate compositions were synthesized at 900•c. To avoid zoning, the temperature was kept constant throughout the entire preparation period.


A new technique using an echocardiographic examination for preoperative visual assessment of the right atrium as an aid to accurate placement of a cardiac tube in a ventriculoatrial shunt is described. This method provides correct localization of the tube end, is safe for the patient, and is repeatable in the postoperative course.


On 7–8 May 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) hosted a Global Meeting of Nongovernmental Organizations for Road Safety and Road Victims. The objectives of the meeting were to foster a greater understanding of the expertise and needs of road safety and road victim non-governmental organisations (NGOs); share knowledge, experiences and approaches to advocating for road safety and road crash victims; and identify opportunities for greater collaboration among these NGOs and other organisations.

We came together at this global meeting, in the face of a grim reality. Nearly 1.3 million people are killed each year, and an additional 50 million are injured, in road crashes worldwide. If ten jumbo jets were to crash every day somewhere in the world with no survivors, everyone would be outraged and demand action. Yet the world passively accepts that number of deaths each day from road crashes. Most frequently, it is the young who perish. Unless action is taken, the number of dead and injured will escalate dramatically in the next several years. This was a critical meeting.

Convening an NGO …


Consider a cardinal number α, a set I and a family [Av:v in I) of sets. Suppose that for every subset N of I of cardinality less than α we are given a choice of an element x fNv A v for every v in N this paper the author investigates the circumstances under which it is then always possible to make a choice of an element x*of Avfor all v in which, in some precisely specified sense, can be approximated arbitrarily closely by some of the given partial choice functions x f . This question has turned out to be important when α is the least infinite cardinal number. Some of the results involve classes of ' large ' cardinals.


This comparison of the relationship between organized fem- inism and partisan politics in Canada and the United States addresses two questions. First, Young asks how much orga- nized feminism has influenced partisan and electoral politics in each country. Second, she asks how political parties in each country have responded to organized feminism. She answers these questions by examining the relationship between each country's largest feminist organization and its party system and by showing how each relationship changed between 1970 and 1997. The result is an important and readable book that demonstrates the value of feminist political science as an approach, especially in comparative politics. The book is head and shoulders above many other texts about feminist political activism, mainly because of Young's ability to bridge between feminist ideas about politics and the comparative politics literature about political opportunities.


In this study, we investigated ultra-precision cutting technology used in the production of Al alloy polygon mirrors. We compared characteristics of three Al alloys (Al–Mg, Al–Cu, and Al–Si) when cut with a straight diamond tool. When cutting Al alloys, it is desirable to reduce geometric surface roughness and remove tear-out marks and scratch marks. We investigated the relationship between end cutting edge length, surface roughness, and cutting force of straight diamond tools. In addition, we compared surface roughness and cutting force produced by double facet tools with microfacets at the end cutting edge and on the rake-face side. It was found that both tools have similar cutting characteristics and that Al–Mg has the best optical quality, followed by Al–Cu and Al–Si.


In order to optimize cable-hoisting erection sequence of multi-rib concrete filled steel tubular arch bridge,research the influence of concrete pouring sequence in dumbbell-shaped steel tube and age of concrete on structure inner force condition,and ensure the safety during construction process and the reasonable force state of structure during service,according to the construction of the south bridge over Wangpo river,which is a 4-rib dumbbell-shaped concrete-filled steel tubular deck arch bridge,the structure analysis of cable-hoisting erection process was performed through finite element analysis software MIDAS/CIVIL considering the shrinkage,creep and strength development of concrete and its interaction with steel tube,and the key construction steps were analysed and optimized.The results show that(1) two ribs hoisted at one time can improve efficiency and shorten the construction duration;(2) to obtain the better stress condition of the bridge,the cable should be released after arch support consolidation and before pouring concrete,the concrete pouring process should be lower,middle and upper,and the age of previous batch concrete should be no less than 7 days.


Metabolic depression of mammals and birds, animals of high metabolic demands, normally emerges as a response to food shortage and low ambient temperature. The main goal of this research is to explore, in a theoretical perspective, how the thermoregulatory system could extend the energy reserves of these endotherms decreasing metabolic costs under those environmental conditions. To approach the problem, we propose the use of control engineering theories to analyze the way the this minimization could occur, in other words, how the nervous system would act establishing a control (hypothalamic set-point) to minimize those costs during the thermoregulatory process. In this context, we propose a basic thermoregulation model that takes into account body temperature, metabolic rate and environmental temperature, and in which the set-point acts as a control. We show how this model can significantly reduce disturbances generated by ambient temperature. Using optimal control theory, we show how the hypothalamic set-point can emerge as a result of a minimization process of a functional related to thermoregulation costs. Also, how ambient temperature can define different metabolic profiles is explored, in terms of metabolic depression and the necessary return to euthermic conditions. To quantify this analysis we propose an index, based on the ratio between a constant metabolic cost and the metabolic cost defined by the controller. After a period in metabolic depression individuals should return to their euthermic condition, and, in situations of low environmental temperature, it is shown that the cost to return can be larger than the advantages. In this way, analyzing body mass influences we observed increased metabolic depression cost in larger individuals. This cost is even higher under lower environmental temperature. Finally, the cost related to the time elapsed, until the euthermic state is reached again, is considered. These last results are in accordance with current conception about the flexibility in hibernation process.


In 1957, local newspaper the Princeton Packet announced plans to develop integrated housing in Princeton and West Windsor Townships, New Jersey. These developments and the events surrounding them illustrate the racial and class implications of integration in the 1950s. Decisions made about the occupancy of these developments highlight decisions that would lead to an affluent suburb by 1970 that was decreasingly affordable and accessible to middle- and low-income African Americans and whites.


The role of civil-military cooperation (CIMIC) is increasing in the post-modern wars (operations). CIMIC is a significant element at the coordination of military and civilian participant activities over current military operations. New tasks for actors are a result of the current new NATO concept and outline the new tasks dimension. The armed forces as well as the Army of the Czech Republic have to solve many problems associated with this new dimension. The article outlines a possible set of activities associated with the new approach to CIMIC in crisis management in the context of the Alliance operation. Klíčová slova: Civilně-vojenské spolupráce, CIMIC, nová koncepce NATO, aktivní angažovanost, moderní obrana, krizový management, integrovaný záchranný systém, alianční operace, národní velení, komplexní přístup, CA.


ALTHOUGH the prognosis in typhoid and paratyphoid fevers has improved considerably with the advent of antibiotics, recent medical literature lacks clinical reports of large series of cases. This paper describes our considerable experience with hospitalized pe-diatric patients, and may serve an instructive purpose. Our experience with infant cases is the subject of a future report. Case Material We reviewed the data from 165 consecutive children hospitalized with typhoid or para-typhoid fevers over a 14-year period at the Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz, Iran. All diagnoses were based on positive blood cultures, or on serologic titers against the somatic typhoid 0 antigen rising to over 1:160, or both. Treated ambulatory patients were excluded from the analysis because of the incompleteness of clinical records.


We investigate the charm-violating weak interaction in the SU(3)'x SU(3) 11 scheme of the three-triplet model and show that it provides a reasonable framework for describing a new type of processes such as indicated by the recent cosmic ray experiment. We also point out that the charm- and hypercharge-conserving coupling between the two SU (3) groups would necessarily destroy isospin in variance and that the interplay of this "meso-strong" interaction with the weak interaction would give rise to CP violation for strangeness-changing nonleptonic processes.


The article shows the need for models of quality management. A comparative review of different modeling techniques of quality management systems in the economy is presented; the advantages and disadvantages of each method are revealed.


The article discusses possible options for building an effective educational process in the context of a separate remote training format, which is a consequence of the spread of a pandemic that affects the work of educational institutions of secondary vocational education. Key trends that can affect a radical change and reorganization of the secondary vocational education system in the near future are noted, the activities of educational institutions in solving problematic issues related to providing enterprises with demanded specialists in new conditions are analyzed. The promising areas of activity of educational institutions in terms of the implementation of the digital environment are determined and evaluated. The potential possibility of increasing the efficiency of the educational process as a priority task of modern society is analyzed.


This study aimed to evaluate the angiogenesis‐related factors of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family in the aqueous humour of patients with neovascular glaucoma (NVG).


New methods for integration of dissimilar components and optical inputs/outputs are expected to mass-produce photonic micro-systems at reduced levels of difficulty and therefore reduced cost. These methods involve monolithic and hybrid approaches, the latter at both wafer-to-wafer and chip-to- wafer levels. Broadly, these are called 'heterogeneous integration' and encompass technologies as diverse as wafer- fusion and DNA-assisted micro-assembly. This review summarizes the associated micro-assembly techniques and discusses their possible influence upon cost- and yield-benefits to industry.


ISO Standard 3746 presents methods by which the sound‐power level of a noise source can be determined from measurements of sound‐pressure level made over a survey surface (and vice versa) in arbitrary acoustical environments. Measured levels, which are higher than the required free‐field levels because of reflections from the room surfaces, are corrected using an environmental‐correction factor. The extent to which measured levels are higher than free field is also affected by source directivity. Here, the ''effective'' environmental‐correction factor, including source directivity effects, is considered. According to the standard, the environmental‐correction factor is calculated using the Sabine theory, which assumes a diffuse sound field and low surface absorption. However, the sound field in typical industrial workrooms may not be diffuse, for reasons related to the room shape and the distribution of surface absorption; thus the calculated correction factor may be inaccurate. This was demonstrated, in the case of vertically directional sources, by a series of sound‐power‐ and pressure‐level measurements made on a calibrated sound‐power source and on two packing machines in workrooms of different dimensions, heights, and ceiling absorptions. The effective correction factor was found to be incorrect by as much as 4 dB. In order to investigate the accuracy of the correction method and, if necessary, obtain more accurate correction factors for typical workroom configurations, ray‐tracing predictions, and 1:8‐scale‐model measurements of the effective environmental‐correction factor were made for the cases of omnidirectional and directional sources. Correction factors calculated according to the standard were found to be accurate within 1 or 2 dB in the case of omnidirectional sources, but to be significantly underestimated in the case of vertically directional sources. Tables giving the average effective environmental‐correction factors for machines (survey surfaces) of different sizes, in 5‐ to 10‐m‐high rooms with omnidirectional or vertically directional sources and without or with ceiling absorption, are presented.


The complexities of Internet gambling limit congressional efforts to regulate its growth. Therefore, legislative attempts to prohibit Internet gaming may undermine the protection mechanisms that were designed to help people who are susceptible to the social and economic problems linked to gambling. The authors suggest that congressional efforts to prohibit Internet gambling should be reassessed, and they recommend the legalization and regulation of Internet gambling through existing land-based casinos. Finally, the authors present the regulatory guidelines and cooperative policy initiatives that are necessary for such a proposition.


In this paper, we study the problem of process optimisation, exemplified by a testbed concerned with radial forging of parts, henceforth called the STRATH testbed. A total of 81 parts have been forged for the test. The forging process has been recorded with 99 sensors. Given these time series observations, the aim of the study is to predict or classify the dimensional variations of manufactured metal parts. Classification for STRATH testbed is challenging. This is because not only there are very limited number of completed parts in current dataset, but also the dimensions of parts are all within the tolerance range. Meanwhile, the dimensional data does not have clear cluster structure. However, despite the disadvantage stated above, STRATH testbed still serves as a good example for demonstrating the treatment of uncertainty as part of the data analysis for such problems. It shows that uncertainty is essential and valuable in all stages of signal processing and uncertainty can be propagated down the signal processing chain.


The implication, types, functions and roles of social intermediary organization and its improvement and development have scored considerable achievements after the western ideas of "the market is the most important soul and the government's interference is faulty were presented, which is a new product of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party. At present it is an urgent task to develop the social intermediary organization, to enlarge its types and specifications, to raise the level and quality of its personnel and strengthen its law construction and its self - disciplined and external disciplined mechanism as well.


Analyzer Pretreats, Digests, and Analyzes Samples Automatically transmitter allows continuous, noncontact ultrasonic level measurement in liquid storage tanks up to 35 feet (10.7 m), and it is ideally suited for challenging corrosive, coating, or waste liquids. The compact, corrosion-proof package is completely sealed and stands only 3 inches (76 mm) above the top of the tank. The sensors are two-wire transmitters that are UL, CSA, and CE approved. The WLSX can be installed and calibrated in minutes using the calibration wire and a flashing LED that provides calibration feedback.


The simplified model of wheel-rail traction torque transmission was established.State observer estimated the adhesion coefficient and vehicle velocity.And recursive least squares method was used to forecast adhesion-slip curve slope.Fuzzy logic PID algorithm controled the error of wheel velocity and reference velocity.From the results of simulation this method can be effective to maintain the tangent coefficient around maximum and sliping speed around best value.Wheel and rail damage caused sliping was effectively prevented.The results of simulation achieved the desired effect of control.


ity and produced more than 10 litres of HJmidg Pd with 94.5 per cent selectivity (9). This is better than results from the same catalyst which has been produced by other methods. Catalysts with supports such as titania and charcoal, were obtained using the same method from binary solutions of the carbonylchloride complexes of the platinum metals (platinum and palladium). Results of tests using them are shown in Table VIII. These catalysts have the same activity and selectivity as catalysts prepared by standard methods, however, their method of production is simpler.


This work deals with the analysis of influence of some geometrical and material parameters of layers on the mass, critical stress and ultimate load of three-layered plates. The plates are built of metal outer layers and a composite core. To obtain the maximum load value, the analysis is carried out in the elasto-plastic range basing on the Tsai-Wu criterion and Prandtl-Reuss equations. The solution is obtained by an analytical-numerical method.


If supersymmetry (or similar complex models) is found at the LHC, the goal for all colliders over the coming decades will be to extract its fundamental parameters from the measurements. Dedicated state–of–the–art tools will be necessary to link a wealth of measurements to an e.g. 20–dimensional MSSM parameter space. Starting from a general log–likelihood function of this hig hdimensional parameter space we show how we can find the best–fit paramete r values and determine their errors. Beyond a single best–fit point we illustra te how distinct secondary minima occur in complex parameter spaces. In cases where there are flat dimensions in the likelihood we comment on the benefits and limitations of marginalizing over additional dimensions.


To work out the breakdown problem of the elevator and bed machine transducer,this article carried on the analysis setting out from the principle.Discussed the improvement method,and contrasted the remoulded effect with the nonremoulded one.And pointed out what we should pay attention to the transducer maintenance in later manufacture.


Thousands of mothers die each year from preventable pregnancy-related causes in the Dominican Republic. The countrys maternal mortality rate of 110 per 100000 live births is among the highest in the Western Hemisphere. Of equal concern to health officials are the high numbers of children who die needlessly from treatable illnesses during their first year of life. Estimates provided by the Latin American Demographic Center and the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean project a rate of 33.6 infant deaths per 1000 lives births for the period of 1995- 2000. While public health authorities concede that this number represents a significant reduction from the previous five-year period (47 per 1000) it nonetheless falls short of the hoped-for target of 25 per 1000 set for the end of the year 2000. Improving the chances for survival of mothers and their children has been the number-one priority of the Dominican Health Secretariat since 1997. It was then that health officials launched the "National Mobilization to Reduce Infant and Maternal Mortality" initiative with the goal of increasing access to health care and improving the quality of health services for this group. At the same time the Secretariat called on the active participation of community organizations throughout the nation to help address this health issue. (authors)


This paper examines the comparative statics of optimal risky demand when economic agents are both risk averse and ambiguity averse. In a setting with log-Brownian asset prices and κ-ambiguity but virtually for all utility functions, we show that the greater the Arrow–Pratt coefficient of absolute risk aversion under ambiguity, the less the optimal demand for risky assets. This monotonic property is demonstrated with varying risk-free interest rate and allows for distinct estimated model parameters across agents.


The paper describes the client-server software architecture of the EOS storage manager and the concurrency control and recovery mechanisms it employs. Unlike most client-server storage systems that use the standard two-phase locking protocol, EOS offers a semi-optimistic locking scheme based on a multigranularity two-version two-phase locking protocol. Under this scheme, many readers are allowed to access a data item while it is being updated by a single writer. For recovery, EOS maintains a write-ahead redo-only log because of the potential benefits it offers in a client-server environment. First, there are no undo records, as log records of aborted transactions are never inserted in the log; this minimizes the I/O and network transfer costs associated with logging during normal transaction execution. Secondly, it reduces the space required for the log. Thirdly, it facilitates fast recovery from system crashes because only one forward scan of the log is required for installing the updates performed by transactions that committed prior to the crash. Performance results of the EOS recovery subsystem are also presented.<<ETX>>


The occurrence of oscillating combustion and combustion instability has led to resurgence of interest in causes, mechanisms, suppression, and control of flame noise. Nonpremixed flame noise is low frequency and difficult to control using conventional acoustic liner and so significant noise reduction needs to be achieved by altering the source. Noise generated by enclosed flames is of greater practical interest but is more complicated than the noise generated by open flames, which itself is not clearly understood. Improved understanding of the noise generated by open flames is attempted by studying spectral content of the sound for flames for which detailed velocity, scalar property, and radiation measurements are available in the literature (International Turbulent Non-Premixed Workshop flames; http://www.ca.sandia.gov/TNF/abstract.html). Comparisons were made with the spectral content of sound generated by air jets at identical Reynolds numbers. The spectral sound pressure levels (SSPL) generated by the flames were higher than those generated by corresponding air jets at all frequencies. The differences between the SSPL were the highest in the relatively low-frequency range of 400-2000 Hz. The flames emanate a constant SSPL in this frequency range for locations near the axis. The width of this range decreases at larger radial locations. The effects of flow velocity are stronger at higher frequencies. The spectra show substantial reduction in highfrequency components away from the burner exit, especially in the axial direction. These observations can be used for designing combustors with lower noise and also in the evaluation of computational aeroacoustics codes.


The effects of low molecular weight trans-1,4-polyisoprene wax(LMTPIW) on the properties of NR/TPI compounds and vulcanizates were studied,and compared with that of aromatic oil.The results showed that the processibility of NR/TPI blends was improved by using LMTPIW instead of aromatic oil.The scorching time was extended.The elongation at break ,and tear strength of NR/TPI vulcanzates were improved.At the same time the dispersion of carbon black in the NR/TPI compounds containing LMTPIW was also improved. Compared with aromatic oil,LMTPIW could impart good flex fatigue for NR/TPI vulcanizates,but depressed hot air aging properites of NR/TPI vulcanizates lightly at the same time.When the amount of LMTPIW was 10~15phr,the flex crack was improved 2~4 folds.


Two groups of rats were bred and maintained for six successive generations on diets containing over 70% by weight of dried bread. For one group the bread was made from untreated flour and for the other from flour treated with 48 p.p.m. of chlorine dioxide. For each generation the number of litters produced, the number per litter, the birthweight, the weight of the young at 7, 14 and 21 days during suckling, the weight at weaning, the survival rate at weaning, the post-weaning rate of growth to maturity and food consumption during growth were observed. In these respects there was no significant difference between the two groups in any of the generations or over all generations. The observations as a whole provide no evidence that treatment of flour with chlorine dioxide at this level produces a factor which adversely affects the nutrition of the rat during reproduction and growth.


The feasible, reliable and selective multi-template molecularly imprinted polymers (MT17 MIPs) based on SBA-15 (SBA-15@MT-MIPs) for the selective separation and determination of the 18 trace level of ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1), ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) and notoginsenoside R1 (R1) (Panax 19 notoginseng saponins, PNS) from biological samples were developed. The polymers were 20 constructed by SBA-15 as support, Rb1, Rg1, R1 as multi-template, acrylamide (AM) as functional 21 monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linker. The new synthetic SBA22 15@MT-MIPs were satisfactorily applied to solid-phase extraction (SPE) coupled with high 23 performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the separation and determination of trace PNS in 24 plasma samples. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection (LODs) and quantitation 25 (LOQs) of the proposed method for Rb1, Rg1 and R1 were in the range of 0.63-0.75 ng mL-1 and 2.126 2.5 ng mL-1, respectively. The recoveries of R1, Rb1 and Rg1 were obtained between 93.4% and 104.3% 27 with relative standard deviations (RSDs) in the range of 3.3-4.2%. All results show that the obtained 28 SBA-15@MT-MIPs could be a promising prospect for the practical application in the selective 29 separation and enrichment of trace PNS in the biological samples. 30


Trifluoroiodomethane (CF 3I) has been considered as a promising alternative refrigerant worldwide, and was listed as such in the UNEP Report, but the available data for its thermophysical properties is very limited. In this work, twenty six vapor pressure data points for CF 3I were measured over the temperature range from 288 to 336K. The maximum total pressure uncertainty for this data was estimated to be within ±780Pa. This data and other data in the literature was used to develop a vapor pressure equation for CF 3I. This equation correlates the measured vapor pressure data with an error of ±0.051%. The critical pressure and the equation for the enthalpy of vaporization were determined using the vapor pressure equation. These results can be used to develop environmentally friendly alternative refrigerants.


The total on-load loss of full load at three sides of transformer is 63.9% more than the maximum loss of normal two-winding combination(taking three-winding auto transformer as an example,which rated power is 180 MVA/180 MVA/90 MVA).But if the designer ignores the situation,the result of over-heat of transformer is very seriously dangerous.The paper analyzes the loading feature,temperature rise and test conversion when three sides of the transformer on full load simultaneously,combined with the temperature rise parameters(such as temperature rise of top oil,winding and average temperature rise of oil and the temperature rise on hottest point of winding)of a transformer for Wuxi Power Company which three sides on full load simultaneously,the difference between the total loss when three sides on full load and the total loss of normal two-winding combination is analyzed.The result shows that the actual temperature rise will much over the standard limit when the transformer is in operation with three sides on full load.


In an attempt to develop a simplified solvent extraction process for U, Pu, and Np co-recovery, three countercurrent experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of the scrubbing solution on the decontamination of fission products (FPs) using a dissolver solution derived from the irradiated core fuel of fast reactor "JOYO". In all the runs, Np was co-extracted with U and Pu using tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) at the extraction section by using high HNO3 concentration feed solution. Of all the FPs, the decontamination behavior of Zr and Tc varied with the HNO3 concentration of the scrubbing solutions. Zirconium and Tc were not decontaminated with a single scrub flow sheet, which caused the accumulation of Zr at the co-decontamination section. The decontamination factors (DFs) of Zr and Tc were 2.62 × 101 and 1.07 × 100 with flow sheet using 9 and 1 mol/dm3 HNO3 scrubbing solutions, respectively. On the other hand, their DFs increased to >7.68 × 101 and >7.52 × 100 with 2 and 10 mol/dm3 HNO3 scrubbing ...


We study the horizon absorption of gravitational waves in coalescing, circularized, nonspinning black hole binaries. The horizon absorbed fluxes of a binary with a large mass ratio ( q = 1000) obtained by numerical perturbative simulations are compared with an analytical, effective-one-body (EOB) resummed expression recently proposed. The perturbative method employs an analytical, linear in the mass ratio, effective-one-body (EOB) resummed radiation reaction, and the Regge-Wheeler-Zerilli (RWZ) formalism for wave extraction. Hyperboloidal layers are employed for the numerical solution of the RWZ equations to accurately compute horizon fluxes up to the late plunge phase. The horizon fluxes from perturbative simulations and the EOB-resummed expression agree at the level of a few percent down to the late plunge. An upgrade of the EOB model for nonspin-ning binaries that includes horizon absorption of angular momentum as an additional term in the resummed radiation reaction is then discussed. The effect of this term on the waveform phasing for binaries with mass ratios spanning 1 to 1000 is investigated. We confirm that for comparable and intermediate-mass-ratio binaries horizon absorbtion is practically negligible for detection with advanced LIGO and the Einstein Telescope (faithfulness ≥ 0 . 997).


Starting with a set of conditions for bipartite separability of arbitrary quantum states in any dimension and expressed in terms of arbitrary operators whose commutator is a $c$-number, we derive a hierarchy of conditions for tripartite separability of continuous-variable three-mode quantum states. These conditions have the form of inequalities for higher-order moments of linear combinations of the mode operators. They enable one to distinguish between all possible kinds of tripartite separability, while the strongest violation of these inequalities is a sufficient condition for genuine tripartite entanglement. We construct Gaussian states for which the violation of our conditions grows exponentially with the order of the moments of the mode operators. By going beyond second moments, our conditions are expected to be useful as well for the detection of tripartite entanglement of non-Gaussian states.


Two F2~F3 tornadoes,which occurred on 30 July 2005 in Lingbi and on 8 July in Wuwei,respectively,brought serious disaster to Anhui Province and greatly influenced the society.By analyzing the synoptic situation and Doppler radar data,it is found that the two cases have the same characteristics in synoptic situation.They both happened where there were high-level troughs and shears with warm,moist atmosphere on the surface,boundary-layer convergence line(such as cold front or thunderstorm outflow boundary etc) where tornadoes happened,and large low-level vertical wind shear.However,the difference between the two cases is that for Lingbi the vertical wind shear(VWS) is large at the 0~1 km low level but is small on the 0~6 km deep layer;for Wuwei VWS is large at both the 0~6 km and 0~1 km levels.With comprehensive analysis,the result displays that vertical wind shear has an important effect on the organization and maintenance of convective systems when CAPE exceeds a threshold.The radar base reflectivity factors of the two tornadoes are different from classical supercells,and the shape,intensity,and height of the echos are also different.But strong mesocyclone appeared in both tornado events and all the strong mesocyclone cores located at the lowest detectable height of radar.Vertical vortex of mesocyclone in the two tornadoes is about 2~6 mesocyclone units(one mesocyclone unit is 10-2 s-1),and vertical vortex on 8 July 2003 is greater than that on 30 July 2005.Radar-derived products,such as products of mesocyclone,are very useful to detect strong convective weather,Especially,the appearance of mesocyclone is half an hour earlier than that of tornado,which is quite important for tornado warning.


Abstract : Organizational performance has routinely been viewed through a limited scope primarily focused on functions, practices, and resources directly controlled by the focal organization, but supply chain management (SCM) has broadened this scope to incorporate all organizations along the supply chain. This shifted the notion of competition from that of between individual organizations to between supply chains. Supply chain management is an ever growing field; multiple SCM frameworks exist today and are being further developed and defined. Successful firms must reside on the leading edge of management techniques, theories, and practices in order to stay competitive in an ever growing, more constrained, increasingly diverse, and rapidly changing global economy. Supply chain management is at the forefront of such management techniques, theories, and practices. Supply chains vary from firm to firm and from industry to industry. Firms have limited resources and a desire to know if the development and implementation of SCM within their firm is, in fact, going to equate to enhanced organizational performance and competitive advantage. This thesis conceptualized and measured three of the eight key business processes (customer relationship management (CRM), order fulfillment (OF), and returns management (RM)) across the supply chain according to The Global Supply Chain Forum framework. Do these key business processes lead to increased firm performance and a competitive advantage? This thesis developed a survey and collected data from private organizations and, through statistical analysis, measured the strategic development of the CRM, OF, and RM processes of organizations and their relationship to competitive advantage and organizational performance. The results of this thesis found each of the processes were positively related to competitive advantage and organizational performance.


Structures made from natural fiber–polypropylene composite material usually have uniform mechanical properties throughout. In some applications, such as in products with snap-fit assembly, it is desirable to have lower stiffness in some parts of the structure while having significantly higher stiffness at other parts of the same structure. In this research, the effect of changing the material arrangement and composition in a cantilever beam made from functionally graded natural filler–recycled polypropylene (FGNF-RPP) composite on the deflection behavior was investigated under static mechanical loads. The composite material was made using 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% waste wood sawdust as a filler and arranged in different sequences to fabricate beams having 30–40, 20–30–40, and 10–20–30–40 hybrid sections along the length. The deflection behavior was investigated by both experiment and finite element modeling. The results showed that the 30–40 setup produced the least deflection when the 40% end of the beam was fixed, while the 10–20–30–40 setup produced the highest stiffness when fixed at the 40% section. The study has shown that the FGNF-RPP structure can be custom-designed to obtain different stiffness along the same structure, thus making it possible to design products with varying stiffness.


The search for innovative and superior dental composites has assumed a significant place in dental materials research. The major concerns in the use of these composites systems are their performance in the oral environment post polymerization. As most systems use methacrylate-based resins, a considerable amount of polymerization shrinkage is encountered on placement onto the prepared tooth surface. Despite steady improvements in physical and mechanical properties, the polymerization shrinkage and resultant stress encountered with composite causes debonding of the restoration followed by leakage of salivary bacterial products in the restoration tooth, subsequently producing marginal staining and recurrent caries. Although extensive research to resolve this concern by using novel filler materials and revising resin chemistry is underway, there also appears to be a strong relationship between the mechanism of curing these resins and the physical properties of resultant composites.


Clinical oncology heavily relies on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples for histology and molecular characterization. The chemical and physical modifications of nucleic acids introduced during fixation, storage and purification negatively impact molecular profiling and vary from sample-to-sample. Conventional sonication and ligation-based library preparation is considered the gold-standard approach for FFPE samples, but it is time-consuming and expensive. Importantly, these processes introduce artifacts that impact downstream analysis and interpretation (Haile et al., 2019).
 We have developed a novel fragmentation chemistry that virtually eliminates hairpin artifacts, achieving levels on par with non-FFPE control samples. Our fragmentation method is highly scalable, exhibits minimal sequence bias, and reduces cost and workflow inefficiencies associated with mechanical shearing. In this study, we developed a unified method for library preparation from FFPE samples which produces similar insert sizes across variable input mass and quality of FFPE samples. We carefully evaluated the performance of this method relative to a sonication-based approach employing the KAPA HyperPrep kit. Libraries were constructed from 50 to 200 ng of FFPE DNA, inputs typically used for NGS, ranging from low-to high-quality as assessed using a qPCR-based method and DNA integrity (DIN). Targeted sequencing was performed using a 37 kb custom oncology hybridization capture panel to investigate molecular complexity.
 Our workflow virtually eliminated hairpin artifacts that were present in up to 4.5% of reads in sonication-based libraries. Soft-clipping was also 3- to 7-fold lower in libraries prepared with the Watchmaker kit relative to sonicated DNA libraries, improving overall sequencing economy. Furthermore, the mean target coverage achieved with the Watchmaker kit was comparable to or higher than sonication libraries using the same input mass. Because input masses were normalized post-shearing, which typically results in 20-40% sample loss, coverage with our approach is significantly higher relative to sonication, if normalizing to pre-sheared DNA input.
 Watchmaker DNA Library Preparation with Fragmentation enables high-quality DNA library preparation from damaged FFPE samples, producing high target coverage, uniform insert size, and minimizing sequencing artifacts to improve sensitivity and specificity. This approach is highly scalable and automatable, enabling various oncology applications.
 Citation Format: Giulia Corbet, Philip Benson, Kailee Reed, Skyler Mishkin, Thomas Harrison, Kristin Scott, Zane Jaafar, Kristina Giorda, Josh Haimes, Martin Ranik, Brian Kudlow. A novel enzymatic library preparation workflow that dramatically reduces artifacts associated with damaged FFPE samples [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 215.


important restrictions. Not only were Soviet records inaccessible except to Russian historians, but we are informed by Lensen that he was only allowed to use the Japanese records partly reconstructed after the Occupation as a privileged scholar and was not permitted to cite them except in a very general, and therefore uninformative, fashion. In such circumstances it seems possible that not all documents were shown to Lensen. The result, at any rate, is essentially a rather dull record of official statements and conversations, supplemented occasionally by the memoirs of Japanese diplomats or Russian generals. A considerable amount of useful factual information is also given, much of it in the seven appendixes which take up a fifth of the pages, and, as always, the author shows fairness and impartiality in presenting both countries' cases, although he does not fully explain the technicalities of the fishing agreements which caused constant difficulties. Nor does he do justice to the arguments of the revisionists when he attacks their criticism of American policy in his concluding reflections. What is chiefly missing, however, is anything approaching an adequate account of the internal debates about political strategy towards the other countrv. It is particularly regrettable that the crucial period between Hitler's invasion of Russia and the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor is dealt with in less than 20 pp. and that the author's brief discussion in his concluding reflections of the possibility of a Japanese attack on Russia in 1941 should be confined almost exclusiveljto citing the precedent of the Siberian expedition, which had occurred two decades earlier in very different circumstances. Given that a definitive version is unattainable at present, it would surely have been better for the author to have combined this rather short work with his forthcoming study of relations in the 1930's and thus given the reader at least the advantage of the longer perspective.


Many populations of society in Pekalongan live in this kind of areas and are vulnerable to the risks of coastal flooding, wetland loss, shoreline retreat and loss of infrastructure. Land subsidence is defined as the gradual vertical movement of the earth surface due to the subsurface movement of the earth materials.
This research is prior to explain about the rights, environment law, law and reconstruction using  juridical normative methodology. In the end, this research describe how  important  to promote fundamental rights for coastal society in pekalongan. The approach method used the doctrinal legal research.

Many populations of society in Pekalongan live in this kind of areas and are vulnerable to the risks of coastal flooding, wetland loss, shoreline retreat and loss of infrastructure. Land subsidence is defined as the gradual vertical movement of the earth surface due to the subsurface movement of the earth materials.

This research is prior to explain about the rights, environment law, law and reconstruction using  juridical normative methodology. In the end, this research describe how  important  to promote fundamental rights for coastal society in pekalongan. The approach method used the doctrinal legal research.


Introduction: Trisomy 21, alias Down syndrome (DS), is a relatively common genetic condition with an incidence dependent on maternal age. Senile myoclonic epilepsy is being increasingly recognized as a late onset complication in elderly patients with Down syndrome in association with cognitive decline. This specific syndrome bears some broad clinical and EEG similarities to the progressive myoclonic epilepsies, particularly Unverricht-Lundborg disease (ULD). Interestingly, both EPM1 gene for ULD and amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene, which is implicated in Alzheimer Disease are both located on chromosome 21. Our aim was to find out a shared pathogenetical mechanism for clinico-electrophysiological similarities in these different genetic syndromes. Methods: Two patients aged 53 and 58 years, with a history of 4 years of late onset myoclonic epilepsy, were included in the study. After obtaining written informed consent from their legal custodian, blood samples were taken. Dodecamer repeats and other possible EPM1 mutations on the chromosome 21 were investigated after isolation of DNA from their blood samples. Results: Epileptiform abnormalities on the frontal regions with generalized slowing were found on their EEG recordings. Their myoclonic seizures were partially controlled under valproate and levetiracetam treatments. We could not find any dodecamer repats and point mutations after genetic analysis. Conclusions: Our study did not show any mutations of EPM1 gene on chromosome 21 but did not exclude a shared genetic mechanism in these syndromes. Extra genes on the third copy of chromosome 21 or epigenetic factors may play role in this distinct type of epilepsy in DS. Disclosure: Nothing to disclose PP2051


From a close reading of the original manuscript of the play Processo Karamazov o La leggenda del grande inquisitore ("The Karamazov Trial or The Legend of the Grand Inquisitor") held in the Diego Fabbri archive, Antonella Cavazza has obtained information that has enabled her to identify the translation of Brothers Karamazov used by the Italian playwright Diego Fabbri, who had no knowledge of Russian. She has been able to confirm that Fabbri's play was based on the Italian version of Brothers Karamazov (I fratelli Karamazov, transl. A. Polledro, Mursia, Milano 1958). Moreo- ver, Cavazza has analysed Fabbri's usage and re-elaboration of Polledro's translation of Dostoevskij's novel, whilst always taking the original Russian into account. A collation of passages shows that Fabbri took Polledro's translation literally, giving dramatic shape to something which was writ- ten from a narrative perspective. In Fabbri's play, The Legend of the Grand Inquisitor does not have merely an explanatory function as in Dostoevskij's text. On the contrary, in Fabbri's play the "poem" composed by Ivan becomes a judicial document. Even though there are notable changes, Fabbri's text retains the legend of the little onion.


ing is differentiation. To differentiate a function f(x) one has to determine the filter function F, whose convolu tion with the function gives the deri vative df/dx. Such a mask, called a differentiator, has an amplitude transmittance which varies linearly with distance. Higher order derivatives are obtained with the aid of transmittances varying as the power of the desired derivative. Also mixed higher order derivatives such as δ2f / δx δy can be obtained, and even an integrator where the trans mittance varies as the reciprocal of the distance in the transform plane. From this it follows that all the classi cal operators, for example the Laplacian operator or transforms, e.g. the Hilbert transform can be effected. It is Important to note that the operation can be carried out in one step. As a result there is not the degradation of accuracy that occurs in electronic computing with successive processes. In the case of higher order differen tiation this is particularly marked as also is the insensitivity to high slopes approaching singularities. Finally it should be noted that be sides these computing capabilities, optical devices have tremendous sto rage capacities, and these can be digitized. From this aspect alone, al though the study of optical data pro cessing is relatively in its infancy, one can be sure that in the computers of tomorrow, optical components will have an important place.


This work aims to gain the design for an islamic studies curriculum, that is aligning the purpose of education, learning contents, and syllabus through traditional islamic perspective and literacy competencies, based exclusively on preexist works.


640 August 2012, Vol. 102, No. 8 SAMJ Sudden cardiac arrest in the young – a call to action To the Editor: Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in athletes has once again been brought into the spotlight as a result of the recent widely publicised collapse and resuscitation of Fabrice Muambo during a FA Cup soccer match in the United Kingdom. The efforts of the trained medical responders in his successful resuscitation must be applauded. This incident resulted in the South African Premier Soccer League announcing more rigorous screening of players as a primary prevention measure. Sadly, Muambo's case was followed by the sudden cardiac death of Olympic swimmer Alexander Dale Oen. Electrocardiographic screening of athletes for cardiac abnormalities forms part of a sound primary prevention strategy.1 A major remaining challenge is the unpredictability of SCA in unscreened athletes, as only a minority will be screened. Another cause of SCA, commotion cordis, can occur when young athletes with structurally normal hearts sustain a blow to the chest. Immediate chest compressions and early defibrillation therefore remains an extremely important aspect of secondary prevention. Maron et al.,2 looking at the global epidemiology of commotion cordis to compare the USA with other countries, found that soccer, cricket, hockey and rugby are the most common causes internationally. These are all popular sports played in South Africa. Reviewing the management of sudden cardiac arrest on the football field, Krameret et al.3 made recommendations for the on-field emergency management of these cases. While some international sports governing bodies, for example FIFA, have started to introduce these measures, it has not become common practice in South African schools, universities, clubs and institutions dealing with young athletes. We are therefore of the opinion that most young South African athletes practise and participate in sport without adequate contingency plans in place that will ensure early recognition of cardiac arrest, initiation of immediate chest compressions, and defibrillation within 3 5 minutes. The continuing unfortunate and untimely deaths of young, healthy athletes should serve as a reminder to the medical fraternity of our role as advocates to increase awareness, and empower our communities through training to act timeously and efficiently as first responders. Will the dust settle, only to be temporarily stirred again when the next tragic incident occurs?


Design optimization of hybrid transmission lines consisting of a single mode fiber and a dispersion compensating fiber has revealed that transmission lines with a dispersion slope of less than 0.03 ps/nm/sup 2//km and a newly defined equivalent effective area larger than 65 /spl mu/m/sup 2/ are feasible.


In order to study on mechanical performance as the target of environmental corrosion resistance property, three kinds of glass fiber fabrics like biaxial warp knitted fabric, biaxial stitch-bonded felt and three axial warp knitted fabric were used to prepare textile reinforced composites in five layers laminated structure, which were soaked in seawater environment for 180 days. The result showed that, the surface appearance of textile reinforced composite became muddy and the color became darker, the tensile strength and bending strength of composites decline of the whole with the extension of soak time, the average loss rate of tensile and bending performance are respectively 24.8% and 56.5%, all of these provide the theoretical basis for researching and developing high-quality composite materials.


ABSTRACT This article addresses the moral and ethical imperatives for the religious community to be proactive in addressing the architectural, attitudinal, and communication barriers confronting people with disabilities. The author calls for the eager and forthright application of the provisions and spirit of inclusion embraced in the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 as a standard of practice for religious communities, and she posits that all persons are bearers of God's image and giace and equal partners in God's covenantal community.


The article analyzes the international legal cooperation of South-east Asian states in insuring marine environmental security. It contains a brief analysis of the most important universal treaties on this subject and of the membership of states of the region in them. The author considers participation of South-east Asian states' in the program for protection and sustainable development of marine and coastal environment in the framework of such regional structures as the Association of South-east Asian Nations (ASEAN), Regional Seas Program for East Asia (COBSEA) and Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC). It is concluded that the problem of marine environmental security should hold a principally important place in the concept of environmental security of states of the region. For this purpose they need to strengthen institutional and legal mechanism for marine environmental security at both global and regional level.


Objectives: To evaluate genital TB among infertile females by various diagnostic modalities. To find out diagnostic efficacy of USG, tuberculin test, nucleic acid amplification test, hysteroscopy & laproscopy for diagnosis of genital tuberculosis. Method: 100 Infertile females fullfilling the inclusion exclusion criteria were included. Conclusion: Study reveals that endoscopic evaluation is an important diagnostic tool, but nither confirm nor exclude genital TB. The routine endometrial TB PCR has great potential in improving diagnosis of genital tuberculosis.


This study presents the calcophilous vegetal associations developed on the limy rocky areas, very common in Padurea Craiului Mountains. These associations are affiliated with the coenotaxonomical system based on the dominant species and analyzed from an ecological, phytogeographical and of bioforms point of view, based on phytocaenological tables. Meadows installed on limestone rockeries make up 7 vegetal associations: Festucetum pallentis, Asplenio rutaemurariae-Melicetum, Seslerietum rigidae, Seslerietum heufflerianae, Sedo hispanici-Poaetum nemoralis, Asplenietum trichomano-rutae-murariae, and Pparietarietum officinalis. These associations belong to 4 vegetation classes. The most widespread are Festuca palentis meadows. They are important for protecting the soil against erosion, as they develop mostly on slopes with a high inclination, sometimes on scree, and rocky outposts. Generally these meadows have no economic importance.


This study investigates an alternative to the commonly used concentration table method for describing chemical equilibria in General Chemistry. The concentration table method is arguably the single most difficult concept for students in this course. The difficulties arise from the number of simplifying assumptions that need to be made. Furthermore, once the problem has been simplified, a significant amount of time is often required for algebraic manipulations, which students in General Chemistry find difficult. As discussed in this paper, it is possible to deal with equilibrium in a more contemporary, holistic approach, where equilibrium expressions, charge, and mass balance equations are solved simultaneously. Such methods reduce the number of assumptions that need to be made to solve a given problem, and when solved using a symbolic computer algebra program, provide a reduction in the amount of work required to reach a numerical solution. Also, since multiple equilibrium reactions are no more difficult to solve than single reactions, students gain a more complete understanding of chemical equilibrium systems. In this study, we present preliminary results from a pilot study in which several different sections in our General Chemistry course are taught using the systematic method. Student understanding of key chemical concepts is monitored and compared to sections which are taught in the traditional manner. Student attitudes are also assessed in terms of perceived difficulties in learning the new method as well as student comfort with working with technology to solve problems. At present, we can state that no significant degradation in student scores is observed. Students in the test sections seem to be performing the same as or slightly above their peers in the standard sections.


Web search has become an integral part of everyday online activity. Existing research on search behavior offers an extensive and detailed account of what searchers do when they encounter the search results pages. Yet, there is limited inquiry into what drives the particular search decisions that are being made and what contextual factors drive this behavior. This study provides a user-centric inquiry focused on in-depth detailed investigation of search-related decision-making processes. It builds on data collected through analysis of structured observations of young adults performing searches on their personal laptops. It focuses explicitly on the decisions the users make after completing a query and facing a list of search results. The study reveals a pattern of sophisticated use of a variety of explicit cues, tacit and contextual knowledge, as well as employment of an incremental search strategy.


Concrete is one of the most important building materials and usually used in a construction project. The construction activity is increased and could result in a reduction of conventional coarse granite in the market due to the use of 60-75% of the aggregate in the concrete. The world is facing the problem of excessive disposal of excess rubber tyres and it is alarming. This study was conducted to find alternative to reduce the increase number of waste rubber tyres from time to time by leveraging the use of the rubber tyres and can also reduce the use of coarse aggregate. A total of 24 concrete cubes were made to assess the impact of the strength of concrete mixed with various size of rubber tyre. This study consists of a control sample of concrete (C30) and three (3) experiment samples that consisting of 10% tyre rubber sheets and divided into three (3) different sizes of 10mm (R10), 20mm (R20) and 30mm (R30) to replace coarse aggregate 20mm. The results of the experiment samples R10, R20 and R30 are compared with the control sample C30. Each sample was tested for slump, density and compression test. The increase of size of the tyre rubber has led to the workability of concrete reduced from 20% to 56% compared to control concrete. The larger pieces of tyre rubber cause the density of concrete decreased. The design compressive strength of the control sample of concrete on the 28-day was 30 N/mm. The experiment sample R10 past the target design compressive strength of the control sample of concrete with the degradation of only 6.6%. The increase of the size of the rubber tyre causes the decrease of the compressive strength from 6.6% to 27.98%. This study showed that the concrete mixes containing pieces of rubber tyre with the size of 10mm can be considered as an alternative to the future construction.


Modification effect of silane coupling agent on nanometer TiO2 was strengthened by multi-hydroxyl compound as bridge group and well-dispersed high concentration nanometer slurry was obtained.The ultraviolet protective result of the waterborne dispersed slurry modified silk fabric was investigated and the finishing technology was optimized.The results showed that the dispersion modification effect of nanometer TiO2 using silane couple agent was improved evidently by multi-hydroxyl compound.Modified high concentration nanoTiO2 waterborne dispersed slurry had small size,even distribution and well-dispersed stability,the percentage of deposition is only 0.04% after four days even the concentration of the nano-TiO2 slurry was 100 g/L.The silk fabric treated by modified nano-TiO2 slurry showed strong and durable anti-UV properties.The optimum finishing technology was as follows: nano-TiO2 concentration 6 g/L,dipping time 30 min,pH 7,140 ℃ baked 3 min.The UPF value of silk fabric was increased from 7.52 of untreated silk to 69.52 of treated silk,and the UPF was still high to 61.47 after 50 times washing.


The problem of anxiety in children before circumcision is still found, this anxiety has an impact on the psychological problems of children undergoing circumcision, so the role of the family in accompanying it is needed. One of the roles of the family that is thought to be related to children's anxiety is the family support system. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the family support system and the child's level of anxiety before circumcision. This type of research used descriptive correlation with cross sectional design, the population in this study were all children who were circumcised at the Fathiyah Husada medical center. The sampling technique was accidental sampling, the number of samples was 21 people. The instrument used was a family support system questionnaire sheet and a child anxiety questionnaire. Data analysis was carried out with univariate and bivariate using Spearmen Rho test. The results showed that the Family Support System with good categories were 12 families (57.1%), the majority of children's anxiety levels were mild as many as 9 respondents (42.9%). The results of statistical tests using Spearmen Rho showed the relationship between the family support system and the child's level of anxiety before circumcision was obtained p-value = 0.000 (p<0.05). Conclusion of the study showed that there was a relationship between the family support system and the child's level of anxiety before circumcision. It is hoped that families can improve the support system for children who will undergo circumcision, so that the anxiety experienced by children can be minimized.
Keywords: Family support system; Anxiety; Circumcision


Last years in Kazakhstan so зарубежом is marked sharp height of morbidity by a diabetes mellitus, especially in the industrially developed countries, where his prevalence has a tendency to the further increase. In the article the indexes of morbidity and death rate are given for the last 10 from data of Worldwide organization of health protection.


The purpose of this study is to examine the validity of Natural Science teaching materials for fifth grade of elementary school. The development of this teaching material focused on "Human digestive devices, food and health'' material. The product developed was teaching material based on 7E Learning Cycle learning model (LC7E teaching material). The validity measurements were done by technique of expert validity and content validity. Teaching materials are legitimate if they reach "good" and "very good" categories. The level of validity of LC7E teaching material is on the valid criteria with an average score of 3.8 and a 95% success. The result of the content validity of the 24 questions given by the data obtained an average of r count of 0.575 > r table 0, 514. With that results, the teaching material developed is declared valid.


Background: Domestic violence against women (DVAW) is widely recognized as a public health problem. In India health sector response to DVAW is suboptimal. Present study aimed to assess the knowledge attitude practice and learning needs of nursing personnel regarding women's health issues related to domestic violence. Methods: This facility based cross sectional study was carried out among 100 nursing personnel from Public sector in Delhi selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a validated pretested structured self reported questionnaire with a few open ended questions. It included knowledge attitude practice and learning needs of nursing personnel relevant to DV. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis using Stata 11.0 (College Station Texas USA). Results: Two third of nursing personnel (67%) had moderate knowledge scores and 27% had poor knowledge scores; 19% had favourable attitude scores towards DV; 57% had good practice scores; 44% reported moderate to high need for learning and majority lacked preparedness to manage DV victims. The knowledge was significantly associated with younger age single graduate/ Post graduates B.Sc. Nursing degree holders working in tertiary hospital as staff nurse/public health nurse/sister in charge and those with lesser experience (p<0.05). The attitude was significantly associated with younger age single graduate/post graduates and those with lesser experience (p<0.05). Conclusions: Nursing personnel had substantial gap in their knowledge attitude and practice related to DV and a large unmet learning need highlighting the need for relevant pre service and continuing education.


The paper conductes a sampling survey among 438 students of higher occupation institutes as a newborn thing from three aspects such as the goal of life values, the means and the assessment of life values, and puts forward some corresponding suggestions.


A valve (100, 200) comprising: a frame (102, 202) of the valve; a flexible lamella (104, 204) of the valve coupled to the frame (102, 202) of the valve, wherein the flexible lamella (104, 204) of the valve includes a commissure (106, 206) that can be sealed so reversible unidirectional flow of a liquid through the valve (100, 200); characterized by also comprising a biodegradable adhesive (122) between the flexible lamella (104, 204) of the valve and the frame (102, 202) of the valve to hold at least the commissure (106, 206) of the blade (104, 204) flexible valve in a static relationship relative to the frame (102, 202) of the valve.


A low-cost valveless micropump based on piezoelectric actuation is presented.The optimized value of opening angle is obtained by numerical simulation,which is the reference of design parameters of the diffuser/nozzle element.A 300 μm depth of pump chamber substrate and a 100 μm depth of cover are fabricated on pyrex glass using photographic and wet chemical etching processes.Then,by using plasma cleaning technology,they are bonded to PDMS membrane to accomplish the fabrication of the micropump.The maximum flow rate and backpressure of the pump are about 436 μL/min and 620 Pa when applying a 100V square wave driving voltage at 110 Hz across the piezoelectric-disc.


—Graph machine learning has been extensively studied in both academia and industry. Although booming with a vast number of emerging methods and techniques, most of the literature is built on the in-distribution hypothesis, i.e., testing and training graph data are identically distributed. However, this in-distribution hypothesis can hardly be satisfied in many real-world graph scenarios where the model performance substantially degrades when there exist distribution shifts between testing and training graph data. To solve this critical problem, out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization on graphs, which goes beyond the in-distribution hypothesis, has made great progress and attracted ever-increasing attention from the research community. In this paper, we comprehensively survey OOD generalization on graphs and present a detailed review of recent advances in this area. First, we provide a formal problem definition of OOD generalization on graphs. Second, we categorize existing methods into three classes from conceptually different perspectives, i.e., data, model, and learning strategy, based on their positions in the graph machine learning pipeline, followed by detailed discussions for each category. We also review the theories related to OOD generalization on graphs and introduce the commonly used graph datasets for thorough evaluations. Finally, we share our insights on future research directions. This paper is the first systematic and comprehensive review of OOD generalization on graphs, to the best of our knowledge.


Suppression of unwanted surface waves supported by a grounded dielectric slab can be achieved by periodically loading the substrates to create a forbidden frequency band for propagation. Approximate formulas for designing such loading are given and verified by means of a numerical full-wave analysis.


Oat protein fractions were characterized by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Salt-soluble, alcoholsoluble, and alkali-soluble protein fractions were extracted with 1.0M NaCl, 52% ethanol, and 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) in 0.05M borate buffer (pH 10), respectively. RP-HPLC analysis conditions were first optimized for column performance, concentration of ion-pairing reagent (trifluoroacetic acid [TFA]), protein reductive state, and elution temperature. These analysis conditions were used to characterize five Finnish oat cultivars (Puhti, Ryhti, Veli, Nasta, and Virma). In addition, effects of processing on oat protein composition were analyzed in high-protein oat flour and steamed oat groats derived from the oat starch process. Wet processing only slightly influenced RP-HPLC separation profiles of protein fractions. The greatest difference between high-protein oat flour and groats was the amount of salt-soluble components eluting during the first 15 min. Prolamin patterns of Puhti, Ryhti, and Virma clearly differentiate these cultivars. Prolamin patterns of cultivars Veli and Nasta were similar; half the genome in these cultivars is from the same parent. For all cultivars, RP-HPLC separations of salt- and alkali-soluble proteins were similar. However, quantities of some components differed, particularly those in the alkali-soluble fraction. RP-HPLC reproducibility was generally good, although replicate alcohol extractions revealed some components not consistently present. These were probably due to the extractant (52% ethanol). Other trials suggested that 70% ethanol may be a more reliable oat prolamin extractant for RP-HPLC analysis. These results emphasize the importance of thoroughly optimizing RP-HPLC analysis conditions for protein characterization


Tilapia is an economically important food fish that have the potential to outcompete native species in tropical environments across much of the South Eastern United States. They are the most successful aquaculture of fish because they are hardy and easy to grow, white-fleshed, mild flavored, and appeal to the palate of consumers. Also the world production from International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 6 (2016) pp. 79-84 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


Relations describing diadic Green's functions of Maxwell's equations are obtained. The eigenwave spectrum of the considered model of the medium is investigated.


In this work, the ultrasonic signals are modelled as a superposition of many Gaussian echoes with unknown parameters. The detection of ultrasonic echoes using Maximum A Posteriori estimation principle, based on the prior knowledge of the spectral characteristic of the ultrasonic transducer, has been used in order to estimate the unknown parameters. A simulation study validated by experimentation shows the possibilities and the robustness of this method in order to detect delamination defects. We apply the developed method to signals acquired from composite materials like carbon fiber with delamination defects.


A mature horse was presented for investigation of severe acute hindlimb lameness with soft tissue swelling, a full thickness wound to the dorsal metatarsus and no other localising signs. Survey radiographs of the metatarsophalangeal region were unremarkable. Nuclear scintigraphy was required to reach a diagnosis of biaxial plantar process fractures of the distal phalanx, which to the authors' knowledge is previously unreported. Flexed dorsal 45° lateral-plantaromedial and flexed dorsal 45° medial-plantarolateral oblique projections confirmed the diagnosis of both a type I and II fracture in the same foot. Treatment with cast immobilisation and corrective farriery was successful, and the horse became sound at six-month follow-up.


The southwest Pacifie Ocean represents a unique region in the world due to the presence of the only intertropical atmospheric convergence zone in the southern hernisphere. Near the northwest boundary of Australia the effect of the monsoon regime is also felt and both the Coral and Solomon Seas are under its influence. Despite such a strong seasonal forcing the main signaIs at seasonal to interannual timescales are linked to the variability of the ENSO phenomenon. Since the time of the TOGA program, an observing system in the equatorial band of the Pacifie Ocean has provided sufficient observations to allow models to predict ENSO events with certain accuracy and usefullead times. At longer time-scales the influence of the subtropical regions must be also considered because of theil' potential modulation of the equatorial mean state. Whatever their origin, extra-tropical events in the Southem Hemisphere must transit the southwest Pacifie region to reach the equatorial belt. However the circulation of this region is less well understood than its northem counterpart due to its high variability in time and its strong interaction with the comp1ex bathymetry of the region. The presence of several archipelagos represents indeed a specific feature of the southwest Pacifie region. More precisely. the processes influencing the general conditions around New Caledonia. including meteorological forcing and regional ocean dynamics, are shortly presented and discussed. Finally. it is argued that ongoing effOlts to enlarge the present observing strategy in the region will result in a better understanding of the variability of the southwest Pacifie from large-scale ocean dynamics to small-scale near-island dynamics.


School social workers face requests for a myriad of mental health services. Because practice tasks are usually completed according to the services requested, different types of request may affect school social workers' perceived competency in completing mental health tasks. The objective of this study is to classify practice tasks in terms of request for services and perceived effectiveness in task completion. The study further examines how these groupings of service requests, as well as years practiced in a service area, influence groupings of perception of practice task effectiveness. Using data from a sample of Midwestern school social workers, a hierarchical cluster analysis was used in requests and perceived task effectiveness classifications. Three regression models, one for each perceived effectiveness cluster, were conducted using the request for services and years practiced clusters. The findings indicate that request types had a varying effect on the perceived efficacy of different tasks. Discussion follows on how future school-based social work interventions could use these findings to tailor their efforts on the basis of school service requests and the social worker's perceived efficacy to deliver the necessary tasks to predict intervention effectiveness.


The desmutagenic activity of the water extract of Cassia tara L on the mutagenicity induced by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO) and N-methyl-N-nitro-N'-nitrosoguani-dine (MNNG) was studied using the SOS Chromotest with Escherichia coli PQ37. The inhibition rates of water extract of Cassia tara L. at concentration of /assay were 27.5% and 40% against 4-NQO and MNNG. The water extract of Cassia tara L. was separated into methanol soluble and methanol insoluble parts. The methanol soluble part exhibited higher inhibition effects than the methanol insoluble part against the mutagenic activities of 4-NQO and MNNG. Step-wise fractionation of methanol soluble part was done to obtain methanol, ethyl acetate and water fractions. Among these fractions, water fraction had the strongest inhibitory effects of 23.0 and 19.0% against mutagenicities of MNNG and 4NQO, respectively. The results clearly indicated that the water fraction showed much stronger antimutagenicity against MNNG than 4NQO. The inhibition rates of aqueous fraction of methanol-soluble from water extracted Cassia tara L. at concentrations of 1.0, 10, 100 and /assay were 8.0%, 12.0%, 25.5% and 43.0%, respectively. The water fraction showed the inhibitory effects with dose response against the mutagenic activities induced by MNNG.


In order to manufacture high performance and differential H9N2 avian influenza vaccine,we selected a typical strain A/chicken/Shanghai/10/01(H9N2)(abbreviated SH10)and constructed a recombinant virus SH/PR8,surfaces genes furnished by SH10 while inner genes came from 12 plamids system,using reverse genetics technique.The recombinant virus offered a new choice for manufacturing new generation vaccine.


Segregation between a genetic marker and a locus influencing a quantitative trait in a well delineated population is the basis for success in mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL). To detect bovine chromosome 5 (BTA5) birth weight QTL we genotyped 294 F2 Gyr (Bos indicus) x Holstein (Bos taurus) crossbreed cattle for five microsatellite markers. A linkage map was constructed for the markers and an interval analysis for the presence of QTL was performed. The linkage map indicated differences in the order of two markers relative to the reference map (http://www.marc.usda.gov). Interval analysis detected a QTL controlling birth weight (p < 0.01) at 69 centimorgans (cM) from the most centromeric marker with an effect of 0.32 phenotypic standard-error. These results support other studies with crossbred Bos taurus x Bos indicus populations.


Objective: To inquire into the aesthetic effectiveness of implant restoration in the anterior zone with BLB implant system. Methods: 169 pieces of BLB implants had been implanted in 86 patients with missing anterior teeth, and put on the dentures 4 months later. The aesthetic effects of implant restoration were evaluated by the patients and the follow-up doctors depend on the contour, color of the prosthesis and gingival fullness, gingival margin curve, gingival papilla height and harmonization of adjacent teeth with dentures 0,6,12 months after restoration.Results:Among the 86 cases, 92.6%, 94.9% and 95%of the patients were satisfied respectively 0,6,12 months after restoration. Conclusion: BLB implant system is easy to operate and the abutment is adjustable, good aesthetic effectiveness can be obtained with this technic to restore the anterior teeth.