A 3D acceleration/vibration sensor for fiber grating comprises three measurement probes respectively fixedly arranged on a right plane, an upper plane and a front plane of a pedestal vertical to each other and corresponding to x, y and z axes to form a mutually vertical position relationship, wherein each measurement probe is connected with an optical splitter through a single-mode fiber at one end, and the other end of the optical splitter is respectively connected with a light source and wavelength demodulation equipment through a single-mold fiber. The measurement probe comprises a bending beam fixed on the pedestal plane, fiber gratings adhered on the surface of the bending beam along the axial direction of the bending beam and a mass block fixed on the free end of the bending beam, wherein one ends of the fiber gratings are connected with the optical splitter through a single-mold fiber. The invention adopts a fiber Bragg grating as the sensor, and adopts three fiber gratings for measuring three mutually vertical components of a spatial 3D acceleration, thus achieving measurement of the spatial 3D acceleration by vector superposition of the three components. The sensor can be used for sensing spatial 3D acceleration or vibration parameters.


Britannia's Palette looks at the lives of British artists who witnessed the naval war against the French Republic and Empire between 1793 and 1815. This band of brothers, through their artistic and entrepreneurial efforts, established the images of the war at sea that were central to the understanding their contemporaries had of events - images that endure to this day. In this unprecedented book, Nicholas Tracy reveals the importance of the self-employed artist to the study of a nation at war. He includes lively accounts of serving officers, retired sailors, and academy-trained artists who, often under the threat of debtor's prison, struggled to balance the standards of art with the public desire for heroic, reassuring images. Containing over eighty illustrations, Britannia's Palette explores a varied and exciting collection of paintings that reveal the poignancy of the human experience of war.


Background The evidence base for racemic ketamine treatment for treatment-resistant major depressive disorder (TRD) continues to expand, but there are major challenges translating this evidence base into routine clinical care. Aim To prepare guidelines for ketamine treatment of TRD that are suitable for routine use by publicly funded specialist mental health services. Method We consulted with senior leadership, clinical pharmacy, psychiatrists, nursing, service users and Māori mental health workers on issues relating to ketamine treatment. We prepared treatment guidelines taking the evidence base for ketamine treatment and the consultation into account. Results Ketamine treatment guidance is reported. This offers two treatment pathways, including a test of ketamine responsiveness with intramuscular ketamine and the dominant use of oral ketamine for a 3-month course to maximise the opportunity for the short-term benefits of ketamine to accumulate. Conclusions We have responded to the challenges of translating the evidence base for ketamine treatment into a form suitable for routine care.


About the first major comment, we must admit we did not measure leaching directly in the field experiment. However, during the first three years of the experiment, we measured both soil respiration and soil content of both naturally occurring SOM and added biochar. The results of the model, together with these measurements, point to the fact that if there was any leaching, it was negligible – at least in the first 3 years of experiment. The soil of the study area has texture 12% clay, 34% silt, e 54% sand, very similar (but with less sand) to a sandy loam soil used in a recent columnar experiment (Schiedung 2020); in that study, only 1% of the biochar was reported as being leached, most of it leached during the first flushing of the column. Finally, we measured the biochar in the soil at different depths, and the concentration of biochar at different depths did not change in time, i.e. we did not measure any downward migration of the biochar in the soil profile.


The morphology of photolithography masks develop through electrostatic- lithography process was investigated in this study. Substrate used includes transparent acetate film, mylar sheets and paper, while the smallest digital feature dimensions were 225, 100 and 25 μm. It was found out that the imprinted feature dimensions were larger than its digital source. The mean values of imprinted feature for 225 μm were from 275.54 ± 6.32 μm to 310.64 ± 4.12 μm, whereas the imprints of 100 μm were from 130.52 ± 3.96 μm to 168.86 ± 5.36 μm. Contaminations were also found out to increase as the feature dimension decreases.


What is the problem and what is known about it so far? Some diseases can narrow the blood vessels in the lungs, which leads to high blood pressure in the lungs (pulmonary hypertension) even when blood pressure in the rest of the body is normal. Pulmonary hypertension is a highly fatal disorder since the strain of pumping blood through narrowed vessels often leads to failure of the heart muscle. When the heart muscle fails, the lungs cannot supply enough oxygen to meet the body's needs. Treatments for this disorder widen the damaged blood vessels in the lung and make it easier for the heart to pump blood through the lungs. One such drug (epoprostenol) is effective only if given intravenously through a small plastic tube that must remain in the vein permanently. Another treatment involves continuous inhalation of a gas (nitric oxide) that also widens blood vessels in the lungs. A newer approach has been an inhaled mist form of epoprostenol called iloprost. Because each mist treatment lasts only about 60 minutes, up to 12 treatments each day are required. Each of these treatments has its drawbacks. Recently, researchers learned that a drug used for erectile dysfunction, sildenafil (Viagra), can enhance and prolong the actions of both iloprost and nitric oxide. Why did the researchers do this particular study? To see whether sildenafil alone and combined with other treatments was an effective treatment for pulmonary hypertension. Who was studied? 30 patients with severe pulmonary hypertension; 11 of these patients had previously received iloprost. How was the study done? All patients received nitric oxide inhalation alone and were then randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups: 1) low-dose sildenafil, 2) low-dose sildenafil followed by inhaled iloprost, 3) high-dose sildenafil, or 4) high-dose sildenafil followed by inhaled iloprost. The researchers measured blood flow and blood pressure in the lung vessels at intervals for up to 3 hours. What did the researchers find? High-dose sildenafil followed by inhaled iloprost was the most effective treatment for pulmonary hypertension. The next most effective treatment was low-dose sildenafil plus inhaled iloprost, followed by either iloprost alone or high-dose sildenafil alone (both were about equally effective). Least effective was either low-dose sildenafil alone or nitric oxide inhalation alone. No patients experienced serious side effects. What were the limitations of the study? The authors could not measure the effect of the treatment on some causes of pulmonary hypertension because they excluded patients with these diseases from the study. In addition, the study included a relatively small number of patients and had a short observation period. What are the implications of the study? When combined with standard treatments for pulmonary hypertension, sildenafil may significantly improve control of this fatal disease. Because experience with this treatment is limited, it is too early to make firm recommendations for treatment.


Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri. PMB 1526, Owerri. Imo State, Nigeria Corresponding Author: Ejele, A.E ___________________________________________________________________________ Abstract The antimicrobial potential of basic metabolites of seeds of Piper umbellatum and Piper guinense and leaves of Ocimum gratissimum and Newbouldia laevis have been reviewed. The results showed that basic metabolites of all the plant extracts showed significant antimicrobial activities against the microorganisms tested; Coliform bacili, Salmonella typhi and Staphylococcus aureus, to various extents and generally basic metabolites of Newbouldia laevis and Ocimum gratissimum exhibited the greatest antimicrobial activities against the microorganisms. The comparative susceptibility of the microorganisms to various metabolites showed that basic metabolite of O. gratissimum exhibited the greatest activity against Coliform bacili with an inhibition zone diameter of 25mm at 1.omg/ml concentration, whereas the N. laevis metabolite showed greatest activity against Salmonella bacili and Staphylococcus aureus with inhibition zone diameters of 26mm and 24mm respectively at the same concentration. The results were interpreted in terms of differences in the phytochemistry of the various plant metabolites. __________________________________________________________________________________________


Family social support is a very valuable and significant social support in helping the process of recovering the health of a Covid-19 patient. This study aims to describe the perception of social support received by Covid-19 survivors who migrate. This study uses a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design. Participants involved in this study consisted of three participants who live in Indonesia, survivors of Covid-19, living far from family, and a minimum education level of high school. Samples were taken purposively, and the study was conducted in March 2021. This study found that two out of three participants hid the fact that they were positive for Covid-19 from their families. Therefore, the main source of social support for survivors who migrated came from their friends around them. Survivors receive various forms of social support during treatment, including instrumental support, emotional support, reward support, and social network support. This study concludes that each participant has felt sufficient social support even though they are far from their families.


A hybridisation between the mediums of landscape and technology provides a platform for imagining alternative relationships between the anthropologic, biologic and geologic. It expands and contracts ways of seeing emergent industries. It extends our capacity to anticipate change, and creates incentives for cultivating field conditions. It imagines a soft landing. But, fundamentally, the blending of landscape and technology enables us to imagine a co-evolutionary process that balances the human condition with the evolutionary timescale of the biosphere.


Purpose: We investigated whether periurethral injections of musclederived stem cells (MDSC) and chitosan/hydroapatite after denervation of rat's pudendal nerve could increase the leak point pressure over a long time period in a rat model of urinary incontinence. Materials and Methods: Muscle-derived stem cells isolated from the gastrocnemius muscle of normal female rats were purified to obtain a myogenic population by using the preplate technique. The N group was the normal female rats, the D Group was the pudendal nerve transected group and the M Group was the MDSC/chitosan/hydroapatite composite gel injected group after pudendal nerve transection. The MDSC/chitosan/hydroapatite composite gel was injected into the proximal periurethral area. At 2 and 4 weeks, visually identified leak point pressure measurement was done with using the vertical tilt/intravesical pressure clamp model of urinary incontinence. The rats were then sacrificed and the periurethral tissues harvested for histological examination. Results: The leak point pressure was significantly lower in the D group at each time compared with the N group, and the leak point pressure in the N and M groups were significantly higher than those in the D group at both 2 and 4 weeks. The persistence of MDSC over the period of study was verified by histological examination. Conclusions: MDSC/chitosan/hydroapatite injection into the denervated external urethral sphincter in female rats increased the leak point pressure at 2 and 4 weeks. This MDSC/chitosan/hydroapatite composite gel can be an alternative injection method for treating urinary incontinence in the future. (Korean J Urol 2007;48:627-632) 󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏󰠏


This paper addresses the problem of aggregate production planning (APP) for a multinational lingerie company in Hong Kong. The multi-site production planning problem considers the production loading plans among manufacturing factories subject to certain restrictions, such as production import/export quotas imposed by regulatory requirements of different nations, the use of manufacturing factories/locations with regard to customers' preferences, as well as production capacity, workforce level, storage space and resource conditions of the factories. In this paper, a multi-objective model is developed to solve the production planning problems, in which the profit is maximized but production penalties resulting from going over/under quotas and the change in workforce level are minimized. To enhance the practical implications of the proposed model, different managerial production loading plans are evaluated according to changes in future policy and situation. Numerical results demonstrate the robustness and effectiveness of the developed model.


Accuracy of prediction of pressure losses plays a vital role in the design of multiphase flow systems. The present study focused on the development of a computational fluid dynamics model to predic...


The tesis entitled "Conversation Analysis on the Interview between News reporter of New York Times and Author on Bestseller Novels" is aimed at describing the aspects of conversation found in that interview. Those are opening and closing, adjacency pair, topic management and turn taking. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method to study the problem, because this study has a purpose to describe and analyze the aspects of conversation in an interview. The data were taken from written data of news interview of news reporter and author in Stuart Wood's (author) official webpage. The speakers are a news reporter and author. The conversation was an English dialogue in formal conversation. The result showed that there is no opening and this interview because the interviewer directly asked question to the author. The closing is indicated by the preclosing" "Anything else you'd like to say to readers?". Then, it was followed by the answer of the interviewee or the novel's author. The dominant adjacency pair found in this interview is question-answer. The topic discussed in this interview is only one that is about the novel wriitten by the author. The initiator of the topic is interviewer by asking something to the interviewee. The topic is developed by the interviewee by giving answer to the interviewer. There are 114 turn takings in the conversation: 57 times from the interviewer and 57 times form the interviewee. In this conversation there is no dominant person or less dominant person because both of them gives the same turns. Beside that, the form of the conversation is just question and answer. So, the turn taking just happened when the interviewer gives question to the interviewee.


This paper discusses various approaches to programming, defining and highlighting Transformational Implementation; it then examines the basic causes of the software problem and their resolution with Transformational Implementation. Finally, an example illustrating the approach is given.


In developed countries, large numbers of citizens are benefiting from e-government services and information that is ubiquitously accessible. However, citizen's democracy and trust play a crucial role in the advancement of e-government implementation and further progress. E-democracy is strongly linked to trust. Trust is established when one person can rely on the decision and action that another person takes. In Iran, government still struggles with injecting e-government content and value to both government employees and citizens. What is actually lacking is the establishment of Government Social Networking System (GSNS) to influence e-government expansion. In this chapter, GSNS and its contribution to egovernment expansion in Iran is presented. Moreover, the author deliberates if government technological support and ICT can enhance e-democracy and trust in Iran. 800 Iranian citizens were examined through a self-administrative questionnaire containing seven structured questions. The results revealed that very few respondents were fully familiar with e-government efforts and GSNS. In case of democracy and trust issues, respondents appear to be positively resistive. They make a variety of dissimilar statements while supporting their statements with interesting but disappointing reasons. This chapter presents the outcome of this study.


Image of woman on horse beside group of people painting brick exterior wall in preparation for the upcoming Festival of Arts.


This chapter focuses on situations of pure exchange, where consumers wish to exchange bundles of goods they hold at the outset for other bundles they will subsequently consume. It uses this setting to introduce the theory of price-mediated market transactions and, more particularly, the theory of general equilibrium, in which all markets in all goods are considered simultaneously. Following in the footsteps of generations of classical microeconomists, the chapter makes the assertion that in many situations of pure exchange, the consumer will wind up at the consumption allocation part of some Walrasian equilibrium for the economy, and insofar as there are markets in these goods, prices will correspond to equilibrium prices. One thing that the concept of a Walrasian equilibrium does not provide is any sense of how market operates. There is no model here of who sets prices, or what gets exchanged for what, when, and where.


This paper introduces a new approach to optimizing array algorithms in functional languages. We are specifically aiming at an efficient implementation of irregular array algorithms that are hard to implement in conventional array languages such as Fortran. We optimize the storage layout of arrays containing complex data structures and reduce the running time of functions operating on these arrays by means of equational program transformations. In particular, this paper discusses a novel form of combinator loop fusion, which by removing intermediate structures optimizes the use of the memory hierarchy. We identify a combinator named loop P that provides a general scheme for iterating over an array and that in conjunction with an array constructor replicate P is sufficient to express a wide range of array algorithms. On this basis, we define equational transformation rules that combine traversals of loop P and replicate P as well as sequences of applications of loop P into a single loop P traversal. Our approach naturally generalizes to a parallel implementation and includes facilities for optimizing load balancing and communication. A prototype implementation based on the rewrite rule pragma of the Glasgow Haskell Compiler is significantly faster than standard Haskell arrays and approaches the speed of hand coded C for simple examples.


Excerpt Much of the support for the vitamin hypothesis has come from the experimental laboratory of students of nutrition. The pioneer work in this field, however, had a clinical origin centering a...


A GENERAL ANALYTICAL METHOD IS USED TO EXAMINE THE CHARACTERISTICS AND ECONOMICS OF TWO MODES OF OPERATION FOR SHORT-RANGE, AUTOMATIC, CAPTIVE GUIDEWAY TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS FOR ACTIVITY CENTERS. TYPE A SYSTEMS EMPLOY SMALL VEHICLES, OPERATED AT SHORT HEADWAYS OVER A VARIABLE ROUTE NETWORK WITH OFF-LINE STATIONS, AND OFFER POINT-TO-POINT SERVICE CAPABILITY. TYPE B SYSTEMS USE LARGER VEHICLES ON FIXED ROUTINGS WITH ON-LINE STATIONS AND STOPS AT ALL INCLUDED STATIONS. A COMPARISON IS MADE BY USING AN EXAMPLE OF A SIMPLE 2 1/4-MI LOOP AND BY ASSUMING A NONTRANSIENT PATTERN OF DEMAND. KEY PROBLEMS OF THE TYPE A SYSTEMS ARE SIZE AND COMPLEXITY OF STATIONS AND DEGRADED PERFORMANCE UNDER PEAK LOADING. IN SITUATIONS OF THE TYPE STUDIED IN THE EXAMPLE, TOTAL AVERAGE TRIP TIMES ARE NOT SIGNIFICANTLY LONGER AND TEND TO BE MORE RELIABLE FOR TYPE B THAN FOR TYPE A AT HIGH LOADS. IN THE NEAR TERM WHERE CHOICE EXISTS, TYPE B SYSTEMS APPEAR CAPABLE OF MEETING MOST ACTIVITY CENTER REQUIREMENTS AT SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER COST. /AUTHOR/


The presented article analyses the concepts of a resource and social representations. The description of the structural approach chosen as a model for conducting empirical research is given. In this study, to obtain the characteristics of the concept under study, we used the task of writing as many adjectives as possible that most accurately characterise the concept of RESOURCE. To describe the core and periphery of adults' ideas about resources, we used elements of the prototypical analysis after Pierre Vergès. Taking into account the intersection of two indicators – the average value of the rank of occurrence, as well as the median of the frequency of occurrence of the concept, – it became possible to analyse the structure of the presentation. The study sample consisted of 124 adults. As a result of the study, we can say that the structure of the social concept of the resource is heterogeneous. In the ordinary sense, a resource is associated with material goods, this concept turned out to be most often associated with the concept of a resource. The characteristics of the resource are more stable in terms of the functional purpose and capabilities of the potential used. The characteristics that illustrate the importance of the resource for the individual demonstrate less stability. As a result of the study of social ideas about the concept of a resource, it is considered as a variable phenomenon with a branched typology, characterised by its usefulness and significance for the subject.


Embodiments of the present invention, to provide a stable condition of the immersion lithography system and method for controlling a flow (flow rate) and the pressure of the fluid. Fluid is supplied to the space between the lens and the substrate during immersion lithographic process. Fluid is supplied to the space through fluidly connected porous member in the space is recovered from the space. By maintaining the pressure in the porous member below the bubble point of the porous member, it is possible to eliminate noise caused by the air from entering the fluid in the fluid collection. In one embodiment, the method, via the recovery flow path, to draw the fluid from the space through the porous member and the pressure of fluid in said porous member during withdrawal of the fluid from said space and a maintaining below bubble point of the porous member.


This book covers the latest developments of stellar structure and evolution, cosmology, and nuclear reactions in astrophysics experiments in an attempt to synthesize super-heavy elements at Dubna and GSI, follow-up experiments at GANIL and RIKEN, and related theories. Topics include nuclear astrophysics, atomic cluster physics, physics for nuclear transmutation, physics with exotic nuclei, and super heavy elements.


The aim of this paper is to explore the empirical applicability of "post-welfarist" economic theories of justice and redistribution. We consider whether either of the two simple competing axioms of Bossert and Fleurbaey hold in the current French redistribution system. We first present the theoretical and methodological problems raised by the move from a purely individualistic theoretical approach to empirical measures integrating redistribution within households. We then propose a definition of justice and compensation which, as in Roemer [1996], uses effort variables defined in relative terms. The French benefit system can be considered as compatible with at least one of the axioms, but only under a very limited definition of individual responsibility: people are neither held responsible for their children, nor for their labour force or marital status.


Summary : Pure-bred East-Friesian (E.F.) lambs, reared indoors in Israel, showed a 50% mortality rate, which was significantly higher than pure Awassi and E.F. x Awassi crosses in the same conditions. The main P.M. finding was interstitial pneumonia; the main bacte riological findings were Pasteurella haemolytica and P. multocida. Mortality could be significantly reduced by minimizing physical contact between progeny and dams and among progeny.


In today's society, with the development of cell phones, it has brought more and more convenience to us. More and more people use cell phones and landline phones to assume the trend of being replaced. While using cell phones, energy consumption has risen dramatically. In order to save energy so as to achieve social sustainability, developing countries that facilitate less-than-optimal telephone service can analyze the energy consumption of landline phones and cell phones to help solve their energy consumption problems and choose different telephone services. This article will use MATLAB as a supporting tool to design and analyze telephone services in the U.S. Keywords—phone service; energy consumption; landline phones; cell phones


Current machine learning algorithms identify statistical regularities in complex data sets and are regularly used across a range of application domains, but they lack the robustness and generalizability associated with human learning. If machine learning techniques could enable computers to learn from fewer examples, transfer knowledge between tasks, and adapt to changing contexts and environments, the results would have very broad scientific and societal impacts. Increased processing and memory resources have enabled larger, more capable learning models, but there is growing recognition that even greater computing resources would not be sufficient to yield algorithms capable of learning from a few examples and generalizing beyond initial training sets. This paper presents perspectives on feature selection, representation schemes and interpretability, transfer learning, continuous learning, and learning and adaptation in time-varying contexts and environments, five key areas that are essential for advancing machine learning capabilities. Appropriate learning tasks that require these capabilities can demonstrate the strengths of novel machine learning approaches that could address these challenges.


Pollen is the main food for honeybee broods and young workers and so colony development and reproduction rely heavily on pollen availability, both spatially and temporally, in the environment. Intensification of agriculture and climate seasonality are known to alter honeybee foraging patterns and pollen intake through changes in resource availability in temperate regions; however, little is known about how honeybees respond to such environmental factors in tropical regions. Pollen species collected by honeybees in a Neotropical agricultural region of Colombia were identified. The effects of landscape structure (landscape Shannon Diversity Index, forest area in 1000 m around the apiary) and climate seasonality (mean monthly precipitation) on the amount, richness and diversity of pollen collected by the honeybees were evaluated for all pollen species together and pollen species segregated according to forest and anthropic areas (croplands, grasslands, woodlands, urban areas). Honeybees were found to be much more associated with anthropic than forest pollen species regardless of landscape structure or precipitation. However, the amount, richness and diversity of pollen from all species and forest species responded positively to landscape diversity and forest area, suggesting an advantage for honeybees in obtaining small quantities of pollen from forest species, in spite of being well-adapted to forage in anthropic areas. Precipitation was found not to be related to the overall amount and overall richness of pollen collected by honeybees, suggesting that climate seasonality was not an important factor for pollen foraging. Nonetheless, overall pollen diversity was negatively affected by precipitation in less diverse landscapes, while anthropic pollen diversity was negatively affected in more forested landscapes. These findings are compared with those from temperate regions, and the implications for honeybee productivity and survival, and their interactions with Neotropical native species, are discussed.


Literary scholars generally agree that the aesthetic qualities of Oscar Wilde's influential text, The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891) classify it as a modernist work. At the same time, textual scholars have long speculated over the role of aesthetics in Wilde's revision process in an apparent effort to reduce or obscure the homoerotic themes in the manuscript.
Electronic editing standards such as the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI) enable scholars to trace in detail the development of homoerotic themes within a digital space. Using the TEI standard, my project transcribes and encodes the first chapter of this manuscript, which introduces the story's three main characters, Basil Hallward, Lord Henry Wooten, and Dorian Gray. In analyzing Wilde's suppression of the homoerotic elements, I draw from debates in Textual Scholarship and Queer Historiography to explore how electronic editing might restore or "rescue" queer subjects and themes. I end with proposing a method for electronic editing that marks Wilde's alterations and deletions in TEI formal language in a way that probes the potential of TEI's "queerability." My method examines how TEI might work as a tool of containment that suggests elusiveness through constraint. My work here manifests the intricate handling of homoerotic elements within a distinctly queer ethos.


Based on the combination of engineering with medicine knowledge, the inquiry teaching method based on the curriculum reform of digital signal processing is studied. Through strengthening the practice and problem based learning, a teaching mode of taking the students as the main body is established. In order to cultivate the basic knowledge of medical science and enginee ring knowledge, this paper provides a practical method for the cultivation of medical instrument compound talents. Keywords—biomedical engineering; digital signal processing; problem based learning; inquiry teaching


Abstract Truth telling to persons living with dementia is a nuanced problem that demands negotiating between the hazards of principlism and the loving deceiver's demand to lie as needed. To ban deception, as we do restraints, would be misguided and cruel. So too to demand we always tell the truth. We ought to adopt a practice called "creative care." It begins with the premise that person's living with dementia are capable of creativity. Creative care breaks down the mysterious fourth wall we build around persons living with dementia, especially persons with advanced dementia. It invites us to see a person living with dementia as a person who is capable of creating something beautiful. They need our time and words, not our lies and sedatives.


Through the spot investigation of Library of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Region,Kangding County Library,Luding County Library,Danba County Library in Sichuan Province,the survival status of these libraries are reappeared,and then puts forward the authors own ideas and suggestions to develop the public libraies in Ganzi rapidly.


Abstract. Paid work offers latent benefits (e.g., social contact, time structure) that go beyond mere access to financial resources in predicting individuals' psychological well-being. Despite the importance of the concept for organizational research and practice, available instruments measuring these latent benefits suffer either from psychometric deficiencies or from a scale length that makes integrating them into large-scale work/life surveys cumbersome. Thus, the current two studies ( N = 1,054 and N = 677) report on the development of the Short Latent and Manifest Benefits of Work scale (LAMB-S; cf. Muller, Creed, Waters, & Machin, 2005 ). The new 18-item instrument showed a clear factor structure, appropriate external validities, and even slight improvements in content and criterion validity for some subscales. Overall, the LAMB-S represents an economical instrument with satisfactory psychometric properties, making it an attractive alternative in situations where participant time is limited.


: Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) is known to be the most common agent in peptic ulcers and chronic gastritis. The goal of this study was to investigate how H. pylori infection affect several hematological and biochemical parameters. To achieve this goal, thirty albino male rats were divided into three groups for challenge with H. pylori Ag. Two groups were daily fed on H. pylori suspensions in food and water, whereas the third group was kept as a control group. Serum iron, ferritin, copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), lipid profile, SGPT (ALT), SGOT (AST), and full blood picture were all measured at day 90 (the end of the experiment). The findings demonstrated that H. pylori stool Ag was present in the feces of infected rat groups and was elevated throughout the trial. Antibodies against H. pylori have increased in serum. Hematological and biochemical markers, particularly iron and ferritin, as well as hemoglobin and leukocytes, were all negatively affected. In addition, all signs of gastric inflammation were demonstrated among the infected groups. Overall, after exposure to H. pylori infected food and water, numerous haematological parameters were disturbed and seriously impacted various organs.


As public health and health care increase focus toward addressing social determinants of health (SDH), the growth of data and analytics affords new, impactful tools for data-informed community health improvement. Best practices should be established for responsible use, meaningful interpretation, and actionable implementation of SDH data for community health improvement.


In a double‐blind study young volunteers randomly received 20 ml of mepivacaine 2%, bupivacaine 0.5% or etidocaine 1.5% epidurally, all solutions with adrenaline. The mean cephalad spread of pin‐prick analgesia was equal (T10) in the groups, but the duration was longest for bupivacaine and etidocaine. The motor blockade of the rectus abdominis muscles was assessed quantitatively by rectified integrated electromyographic recordings (RIEMG) and as number of turns in EMG recordings [changes in the direction (rise/fall) of the EMG; TURNS] from three different segmental levels, T7, T9 and T11. The motor blockade of the quadriceps muscles was estimated by EMG recordings simultaneously with muscle force measurements at maximal isometric knee extension. Motor blockade was also evaluated by the Bromage scale. There was good correlation (correlation coefficient 0.91) between RIEMG values and muscle force in knee extension during epidural anaesthesia. TURNS showed a non‐linear relationship to isometric force during epidural anaesthesia and added no further information. At the lower parts of the abdomen (T11), etidocaine gave more profound and longer motor blockade than mepivacaine. For quadriceps muscle function, motor blockade was almost complete with all three local anaesthetics; the duration of maximum motor blockade was short (45–60 min) for mepivacaine, but about 5 h with etidocaine. At the time when the Bromage scale indicated complete regression of motor blockade, the muscle force of knee extension was only 30% and the quadriceps RIEMG 35% of control values and 1–3 h remained until the time of mobilization. The difference between the segmental level of maximal mean pin‐prick analgesia and that of motor blockade was roughly 4 segments with mepivacaine and bupivacaine and 2.5 segments with etidocaine. The time of complete regression of analgesia and the time of complete regression of motor blockade (knee extension) were about the same for mepivacaine (180 min) and bupivacaine (380 min). With etidocaine, quadriceps muscle force reverted at 580 min and motor blockade outlasted sensory block by 150 min.


The trial was conducted to evaluate the influence of tillage and mulch practices on growth response of maize and selected forage legumes. With three replications, the experiment was carried out using a split-plot design. Mulch and no mulch were used as the major plot treatments Mulch was maize straw left from the previous cropping season. The subplot treatments were different tillage practices namely Minimum (0.2 m) and Deep tillage (0.35 m).The research was carried out in the Foothills of Lesotho in Ha-Matela in Nazareth, east of Maseru District, during summer season for four months (December, January, February, and March). A mouldboard plough was used to prepare the experimental field, and it was harrowed to get fine tilth. The broadcasting method was used to plant the legume species namely soybean (Glycine max L), lablab (Lablab purpureus L) and grazing vetch (Vicia villosa), whereas a planter was used to sow maize seeds at a rate of two per hole, 0.25 m apart, and 0.05 m deep. For maize and the forage legumes, 12.5 kg of NPK inorganic fertilizer was applied per plot. Low moisture content and poor soil conditions under minimum tillage and no-mulch resulted in low plant growth. Maize and forage legumes plant height was significantly (P<0.05) higher under deep tillage and mulch. Vegetative characteristics in respect of leaf, stem, and root lengths were also significantly (P<0.05) higher under deep tillage and mulch. Cereal maize had a low and positive correlation relationship between its growth indices whereas; legume crops had a high correlation relationship and were significant. Therefore, maize and forage legumes may be produced under deep tillage and mulch to support improved plant growth.


This paper aims to develop an alternative novel technique for the high efficiency and ultrafine surface finishing of fused silica glass. A semi-fixed abrasive tool named MCF (magnetic compound fluid) wheel is produced by distributing a certain volume of MCF slurry uniformly over the whole circumference surface of ring-shaped permanent magnets. An experimental rig is constructed in house followed by experimental investigations involving effects of the MCF wheel construction and process parameters on the material removal and work-surface roughness. As a result, the performance of the developed MCF wheel in the surface finishing of fused silica glass has been confirmed, and the appropriate wheel construction and process parameters have been determined in terms of the material removal rate, the flatness of polishing area and the surface roughness, showing an extremely smooth work-surface with surface roughness of Ra0.92nm has been achieved successfully in the current work.


This paper offers a perspective on growth and productivity performance in Britain in the recent past. An analysis of relative economic decline is presented that draws on comparisons both across countries and over time. In the light of this information, various aspects of government economic policy are scrutinized around the focal point of whether the radical change in direction at the end of the 1970s had favourable effects. Two specific changes in policy stance are highlighted, namely, the move away from industrial policy towards greater emphasis on competition and the reorientation of fiscal policy. Both are reviewed in the context of recent ideas from growth economics. The underlying assumptions are that incentive structures, both for firms and for politicians, are central to growth outcomes and that examination of supply-side policy must therefore take centre stage. In addition, an endogenous innovation based growth accounting of productivity gaps in 1979 and 1999 is presented to provide evidence on the impact of the new supply-side policies. This is an exercise in benchmarking rather than a definitive statement but, if policy lessons are sought from Britain's peer group, it seems important to establish whether the shortfall with various countries stems from similar sources.


Rain-rate time series generation algorithm at two different locations is developed for millimeter-wave wireless link simulator. Dependent rain-rate time series was generated by introducing different location rain rate conditional probability distribution. The proposed algorithm is investigated using measured data in Tokyo Tech millimeter-wave model network. Similarity of shape and time shifting characteristic is observed in the generated rain-rate time series.


The composite microecological animal preparation consists of Bacillus cereus 10-15 wt%, Bacillus subtilis 10-15 wt%, Bacillus licheniformis 10-15 wt%, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1-5 wt%, Candida Tropicalis 1-5 wt%, photosynthetic bacterium 1-5 wt%, plant lactobacillus 0.5-3 wt%, acidophilic lactobacillus 0.5-3 wt%, ephebic bifidobacterium 1-3 wt%, Aspergillus niger 0.5-3 wt%, Aspergillus oryzae 0.5-3 wt%, viridin 0.5-3 wt%, oligosaccharide 5-10 wt% and carrier 30-50 wt%. Its preparation process includes the following steps: 1) high temperature resisting domestication of the said strain, drug resisting domestication, preservation and strain passage; 2) activating the preserved strain, fermentation, coating with microcapsule and drying; and 3) crushing dried strain, and mixing with oligosaccharide and carrier. The present invention is one kind of high efficiency green feed additive.


Application of a thermosensitive suicide vector for Streptococcus to construction of deletion mutants in Melissococcus plutonius, the causative agent of European foulbrood Daisuke Takamatsu*, Mikio Yoshiyama, Masatoshi Okura and Makoto Osaki Bacterial and Parasitic Diseases Research Division, National Institute of Animal Health, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan; The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan; Honey Bee Research Unit, Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division, NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan


3‐Hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase provides mevalonate‐derived intermediates for the prenylation or dolichylation of growth proteins including lamins, Ras and growth factor receptors. Competitive inhibitors of reductase, the statins, and down‐regulators of reductase, geraniol and farnesol, suppress pancreatic tumor growth. d‐δ‐Tocotrienol with a farnesol moiety suppresses tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. These considerations led to an in vitro evaluation of the impact of d‐δ‐tocotrienol on the proliferation of human MIA PaCa‐2 and PANC‐1 pancreas carcinoma cells and BxPC‐3 pancreas adenocarcinoma cells. d‐δ‐Tocotrienol induced dose‐dependent suppression of the 72‐h proliferation of all cells cultured in 96‐well plates, with IC50s of 28 ± 8 μmol/L (MIA PaCa‐2), 45 ± 12 μmol/L (PANC‐1) and 40 ± 7 μmol/L (BxPC‐3), respectively. d‐δ‐Tocotrienol‐mediated morphological changes resemble those occurring in apoptotic cells. Flow cytometric analysis employing Guava Nexin™ Kit revealed d‐δ‐tocotrienol‐induced apoptosis in PANC‐1 cells. A blend of lovastatin (4 μmol/L) and d‐δ‐tocotrienol (10 μmol/L) suppressed the proliferation of MIA PaCa‐2 cells by 71%, far exceeding the sum of the effects of lovastatin (49%) and d‐δ‐tocotrienol (2%). d‐δ‐Tocotrienol as a reductase down‐regulator may have potential in pancreatic cancer chemoprevention. TDA, TWU REP & Summer Stipend Award.


The present generation of all ages is terribly facing the challenges of obesity in recent times. The people suffering from this disorder practice different diet plans for weight reduction without considering the balanced proportion of nutrients in their diet. This paper aims in highlighting the ill effects of unbalanced diet plans and proposes a machine learning (ML) model based on support vector machine to make decisions on the balanced nature of the diet. The efficiency of the proposed ML model is compared with other ML algorithms. The accuracy results of the proposed model are more convincing in comparison with other ML algorithms. The proposed ML model is applied to deterministic type of secondary data sets and this shall be extended by applying to fuzzy data sets. This research work applies the algorithms of machine learning to health-based decision-making systems


The paper is focused on the Madeleine in biblioteca project, which has been realized in cooperation with "Agorà" civic library in Lucca (Italy). It was aimed at recovering reading stories, from childhood to adulthood. The attention is here placed on the earliest memories and the family context, through library users' oral testimonies, also useful to achieve a dedicated website (www.madeleineinbiblioteca.it), and a specific workshop on secretly reading and family censorship. A path, this one here shown, to reflect on the importance of reading and its history and to involve the public of non-specialists, in the building of the historical narratives according to a Public History methods.


We designate as "bridge-flipped isomers" those pairs of molecules that differ only in the orientation of a bridge of atoms linking two major molecular fragments: in benzylideneanilines, Ar-CH=N-Ar' vs. Ar-N=CH-Ar'; in phenylhydrazones, Ar-NH-N=CH-Ar' vs. Ar-CH=NNH-Ar' (Ar = aryl). We use them as a context in which to evaluate the roles of molecular conformation, hydrogen bonding, spacefilling requirements, and supramolecular synthons in establishing crystalline isomorphism or non-isomorphism. To examine nitrilehalogen and halogen-halogen interactions in solid isomeric benzylideneanilines, we have determined the structures of 2cyanobenzylidene-2'-iodoaniline (I), 2-iodobenzylidene-2'-cyanoaniline (II), 2-cyanobenzylidene-2'-bromoaniline (III), 2cyanobenzylidene-2'-chloroaniline (IV), and 2-chlorobenzylidene-2'-cyanoaniline (V) by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. I/II and IV/V are bridge-flipped isomeric pairs. I, III, and IV are isomorphous; the I/II and IV/V pairs are not. In I, III, and IV, translationally related molecules are linked into chains by C≡N⋅⋅⋅X contacts; no close X⋅⋅⋅X contacts occur. Although C≡N⋅⋅⋅X contacts between translationally related molecules define chains in II similar to those in I, III, and IV, and although II likewise lacks close X⋅⋅⋅X contacts, the molecular packing arrangements differ (monoclinic for I, III, and IV vs. triclinic for II). V in contrast assumes an orthorhombic structure from which the C≡N⋅⋅⋅X interaction is absent and which is isomorphous with 2-chlorobenzylidene-2'-chloroaniline (VI), the nitrile group of V exchanged for the aniline-side chlorine of VI, that chlorine atom in VI not involved in a close intermolecular Cl⋅⋅⋅Cl contact. Although neither C≡N⋅⋅⋅X nor X⋅⋅⋅X contacts result in isomorphous bridge-flipped isomers in the cases of I/II and IV/V, the C≡N⋅⋅⋅X contacts apparently play a major structure-defining role and supersede any potential X⋅⋅⋅X contacts in I-IV.


[Summary] Type 2 diabetic rat model accompanied by insulin resistance was established by high fat/high glucose diet and streptozotocin.Following metformin treatment for 4 weeks,realtime PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expressions of SIRT3 mRNA and protein in skeletal muscle tissue,respectively.The results showed that insulin sensitivity,superoxide dismutase (SOD),and glutathione (GSH) levels were significantly reduced in diabetic group compared with the control group (P<0.05),while methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) level was increased (P<0.05),along with the decreased expressions of SIRT3 mRNA and protein in skeletal muscles (P<0.01).After metformin treatment,the insulin sensitivity,SOD,GSH,and SIRT3 mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased (P< 0.05 or P< 0.01),while MDA level was decreased (P < 0.05),suggesting that metformin may ameliorate insulin resistance via upregulating SIRT3 expression in skeletal muscles of diabetic rats.

Key words:
Metformin ;  SIRT3 ;  Diabetes mellitus, type 2 ;  Rats


This paper reviews the current developments in the use of nQuire (www.nquire.org.uk), an Open University platform supporting engagement of members of the public in large-scale interactive surveys and science investigations. The platform is designed to continue a series of mass online science investigations from BBC Lab UK linked to broadcast TV and radio programmes, alongside the citizen-led inquiries. This paper reports on progress with the development of the platform and its use in a variety of contexts


Some Remarks on the Ecstasy of Plotinus – the Interpretation of Enneads IV 8[6],1,1–11
 The starting point of the article is a critical analysis of the possible interpretations of the famous excerpt of Enn. IV 8[6],1,1–11, on the bas


Modern mass spectrometry‐based proteomic studies require reliable, and robust data analysis for a comprehensive and quantitative profile of histone post‐translational modifications (PTM). Studies involving primary tissue samples face additional challenges in comparative sample analysis, due to various protein concentrations, multiple modification sites and modification states. A novel data analysis pipeline was developed in order to streamline the analysis process and normalize samples of varying concentration. This is relevant in the proteomic analysis of addiction, where various modification isoforms can correlate with different addiction phenotypes. A self‐administration model addiction study of methamphetamine (METH) addiction was used to develop this pipeline.


We have performed photoluminescence, photoexcitation, and transmission electron microscopy measurements on boron nitride films grown by chemical vapor deposition and later reacted with potassium. After reaction, the potassium atoms were found to intercalate the BN host and to form a (2×2)R0° in‐plane structure which is commensurate with the pristine BN lattice. Optical transitions with ∼2.7 eV onsets were found to occur within the ∼5‐eV BN band gap and have been interpreted as Γ‐point transitions between the K(4s) band and the BN(2p) bands. The absence of an appreciable shift in the E2g2 phonon frequency of the pristine and reacted films suggests that the charge transfer between the K and BN bands is very small.


Wounds, novel compositions for use in the treatment of burns or other skin conditions, one or more formula (I) (Where a m = Less than six, an n = 6 to 100, Q, R and R 'are independently, C 1-5 alkyl, OU, UOCH 2 CH 3, CH 2 CH 3, UOCH 3, OH, O (CH 2) y (OU) y CH 3, (OCH 2 CH 2) y OU, (OCH 2 CH 2) y OH, UOH, UOU ', UCO 2 U', CO 2 U, UCO 2 COU ', CO 2 H , UCO 2 H, COX, UCOX, UCO 2 R', CO 2 COU, aryl, aryl U, aryl UU ', aryl UU'U' ', NH 2, UNH 2, NHU, NUU ', NO 2, UNO 2 , UCONH 2, CONH 2, UCONHU', CONHU, UCONU'U '', CONU'U '', halogen, PO 4 H 3, PO 4 H 3-Z, PO 4 H 3 -Z U (z = 0,1,2 or Is 3), PU 3, PU'U''U ' ' 'SH, in the thus (wherein is selected from SO 2 and SO 3 H, U, U' , U '' and U '' 'is independently any alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group (wherein the number of carbon atoms is 1 to 31) is selected from obtained; wherein there with X = halogen; wherein, a y = 1 to 100); (However, Q, R and R ', there can be no that all of them are C 1 alkyl;)) It includes compounds, wherein the compound of formula (I) is present in at least 1% of the amount of the composition. .BACKGROUND


The beginning of the new millennium seems a good time to reflect upon issues in gerontology as many Western countries are experiencing population ageing and the challenges it entails. In comparison to Europe's 14 per cent average (Population Reference Bureau 2000), Canada is a relatively young country with only about 12 per cent of the population over age 65 (Statistics Canada 1999). Nonetheless, population ageing is a driving force in Canadian gerontology. In this paper we discuss current thinking in gerontology in Canada and how it reflects our approaches to research and development of public policy. We begin with an overview of national policy and research perspectives. We provide examples of research programmes addressing key issues: population ageing and the welfare state, rethinking independence, and quality of life issues from the Canadian perspective. Finally, we discuss the values that provide the context for the development of approaches to funding which affect the scope and direction of our research. Information sources include national policy documents, recent publications by Canadian gerontologists, and articles from the Canadian Journal on Aging 1998–2000.


A process for producing a contact element in a semiconductor device (200), the method comprising: Forming a first contact hole (210a) in an interlayer dielectric material (210), said first contact hole (210a) to connect to a contact area (254) of a circuit element (250) produces, which is formed in a semiconductor region of the semiconductor device (200); Forming an activation layer (221) on to the interlayer dielectric material (210) and in the first contact hole (210a); Removing a first portion of the activation layer of the interlayer dielectric material (210) and by a portion of the first contact hole (210a) while a second portion of said activation layer is kept at least at the bottom of the first contact hole; wherein removing the first portion of the activation layer comprises: providing a sacrificial material (203) such that the first contact hole (210a) is filled, and removing a first portion of the sacrificial material (203) such that a second portion of the sacrificial material (203b) is preserved covering the second region of the activation layer; Running a selective deposition ...


The rapid thermal processing (RTP) system (110) including a transmission pyrometer (12) for monitoring the temperature dependent absorption of the silicon wafer 32 for radiation from the RTP lamps (46) from the power level is reduced. Values are not normalized screen of the photodetector photocurrent produced a look-up table for associating the copy lamp and wafer temperature. Correction step (170) measures the photocurrent with known wafer and lamp temperatures in, and then all the photoelectric current measured is normalized screen 142. Transmission pyrometer may be used for closed-loop control for the heat treatment of less than 500 ℃, or copy may be used in a pre-heating step for a high temperature process including a pyrometer in the closed-loop control. Pre-heating temperature ramp rate could be measured and controlled by the initial sangseungryulreul readjusting the lamp power accordingly. Copying and transmission pyrometers may be included in the integrated structure with a beam-splitter 204 for splitting the radiation from the wafer 190.


In this paper the lattice current-current propagator is calculated and the influence of coset pure gauge fields of an Abelian chiral group G = U_1×U_1~5 on confinement properties of a quark system is discussed by virtue of the Wilson's criterion of lattice gauge theory. When subgroup H is U_1, the coset pure gauge fields only contribute a perimeter law factor to the current-current propagator which has no influence on confinement properties of the system. When subgroup H is U_1~5, the coset pure gauge fields also have no influence on confinement properties of the system.


This study examines the relationship between the online labour force and real economic factors. Since the Online labour index is one of the main determinants of the GIG economy, this study also reveals which macroeconomic variables the GIG economy is based on. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of real economic factors (unemployment, economic growth, inflation) on the count of online platform users. As a result of the econometric analysis conducted with Turkey's data set for the period of June 2017 -January 2021, it has been determined that real economic factors have a statistically significant effect on the count of online platform users. According to the results of the analysis, the increase in unemployment rate and economic growth will cause an increase in the count of online platform users, while increase in inflation will cause an opposite effect.


In this paper, we investigate a tracking control problem of second-order multi-agent systems. Here, the leader is active and cannot be completely measured, the interaction graph among the followers is described by jointly-connected topologies, where the topology switches vary over time and is not strongly connected in each time-intervals. We propose a neighbor-based control rule for each agent to track the leader. Then a method for estimating the tracking errors is given, using the extension of the Barbalat's Lemma. Finally, Some simulation results are presented to demonstrate our theoretical results.


It is crucial that general education outcomes such as critical thinking and communication skills are integrated across the undergraduate curriculum. While most general education programs require introductory courses in English composition and/or oral communication, it is imperative that various majors or areas of specialization continue to address and build upon these important types of outcomes. When cultivated across the curriculum, such complex capabilities can be enhanced with higher levels of challenge for students and greater achievements (Association of American Colleges and Universities, 2008). Specifi c majors also give students a concrete context where they can apply their outcomes as they attempt to address real-world issues or solve problems. Th e fi rst article, "An Exploratory Investigation of the Assessment Practices of Selected Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business–Accredited Business Programs and Linkages with General Education Outcomes," by Elizabeth Vitullo and me, examines these important connections. We found that schools of business do explicitly focus on essential general education outcomes in the context of the major and align assessment practices to gather information about student achievement of these types of outcomes. In this study, the business program faculty also used the results from these assessments to identify changes that need to be made to strengthen student learning experiences. Class size can aff ect student participation and the levels of perceived student learning. Lauren Chapman and Larry Ludlow investigate these variables in their article, "Can Downsizing College Class Sizes Augment Student Outcomes?" Th ey used data from course evaluations to identify the eff ect of class size on student learning. Th ey found that class size persisted in having a signifi cant negative relationship with perceived student learning. Th is fi nding emerges taking into account student eff ort and instructor quality. Another factor aff ecting student learning is what actually transpires in the classroom. Justin White, Stefi nee Pinnegar, and Patricia Esplin examine student learning in a problem-based learning (pbl) course. Th eir article, { editor's note


Discussions of proposals for selfdetermination by children and adolescents have typically centered on concerns about their ability to exercise autonomous choice completely. Conseciuently, in recent years there have been numerous articles analyzing the cognitive reciuirements for competent decisionmaking in various situations.I Despite this interest in applying psychological research to ciuestions of children's rights, the available literature has been largely indirect. That is, data concerning the ways in which children actually exercise choices when given the opportunity for self-determination in "real life" are notably absent. Rather, reviewers of the literature have tended to extrapolate from laboratory research on cognitive and social development. ' Furthermore, competence has been emphasized with the exclusion of other pyschological considerations which may be relevant to policy decisions concerning increased autonomy for children. In particular, little attention has been given to the effects upon children of allowing them increased freedom and autonomy. In what ways does the experience of freedom and autonomous action change children? It is conceivable that children might be able to make a competent choice,


STEPHEN D. HUDSON (Ph.D., Pittsburgh, 1977) is assistant professor of philosophy at Rutgers College. He has written "Humean Pleasures Reconsidered," Canadian Journal of Philosophy 5 (1975): 545-62, and has forthcoming articles in that journal, in Philosophical Studies, Journal of Value Inquiry, and the Australasian Journal of Philosophy. He is interested in the nature of respect, the role of moral virtues, and agent-based conceptions of morality.


Wasting of the body is perhaps the most characteristic, as it is the most conspicuous, symptom of the presence of tubercle in the lungs. The wasting is generally a very early symptom of the affection,?so early, indeed, that in many cases it appears to precede the other symptoms, as well as the physical signs of the disease within the chest. Of the importance of the symptom there can be no doubt, as it must indicate a definite disturbance of the metabolic equilibrium of the body?that the output is becoming greater than the income. This abnormal condition may arise either from the intake of food being diminished, or from the excreta being increased, or from both combined. Some authorities consider that the diminished intake is an


We examine the CDF eeγγE/T event as a candidate for sparticle production. Possible connections to other observables such as Rb, αs, b→sγ, cold dark matter are briefly considered, and also implications for present and future data at FNAL and LEP, including the possibility that stops, gluinos and squarks are already being detected at FNAL. An analysis of the resulting Higgsino-like LSP as a cold dark matter candidate gives very encouraging results.


In recent years, the infrastructure, instruments, and resources of network systems are becoming more complex and heterogeneous, with the rapid development of current internet and mobile communication technologies. In order to efficaciously prepare, control, hold and optimize networking systems, greater intelligence needs to be deployed. However, due to the inherently dispensed characteristic of conventional networks, Machine Learning (ML) techniques are hard to implement and deployed to govern and operate networks. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) brings us new possibilities to offer intelligence in the networks. SDN's characteristics (e.g., logically centralized control, global network view, software-based site visitor analysis, and dynamicupdating of forwarding rules)make it simpler to applymachine learning strategies. Various perspectives of fiber-optic communications including fiber nonlinearity coverage, optical performance checking, cognitive shortcoming detection/anticipation, and arranging and improvement of softwaredefined networks are examined in Machine Learning (ML) applications. This research paper has presented an imaginative framework concept called Intelligent Software Defined Network (ISDN) for Cognitive Routing Optimization (CRO) using Deep Extreme Learning Machine (DELM) approach (ISDN-CRO-DELM) in light of the new challenges in the development and operation of communication systems, and capturing motivation from how living creatures deal with difficulty and usability. The proposed methodology develops around the planned applications of progressive DELM methods and, specifically, probabilistic generative models for framework wide learning, demonstrating, improvement, and information description. Furthermore, This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 1270 CMC, 2021, vol.67, no.1 ISDN-CRO-DELM, suggest to integrate this learning framework with the ISDN for CRO and reconfiguration approaches at the system level. MATLAB 2019a is used forDELMsimulation and superior results show the effectiveness of the proposed framework.


Algae are spread in diversified ecosystems that include marine, freshwater, desert and hot springs and even snow and ice environments. Algae are classified as multicellular large sea weeds (macroalgae) or unicellular microalgae. Macroalgae are targeted for mining of natural biologically activecomponents,which includeproteins, linearpeptides, cyclic peptides, and amino acids. Recently, microalgae have been exploited for the production of high-value compounds such as lipids (omega-3 fatty acids), enzymes, polymers, toxins, antioxidants, and pigments (carotenoids). Thus, algal biotechnology is defined as 'the technology developed using algae (macro or micro) tomake or modify bioactive compounds, or products (nutritional supplements,finechemicals) andrenewable fuels for specificuse'.


INTRODUCTION: Preeclampsia is one of the most common causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality in both developed and underdeveloped countries. Severe preeclampsia (SPE) can have catastrophic effects if treatment is delayed. Liver is involved in most of the cases of preeclampsia which manifests initially with alterations in the liver function test (LFT) which can be used as an early indicator of the complications in SPE patients. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To study the perinatal outcome in severe preeclampsia patients in relation to LFT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All women with diastolic pressure >110 mm of Hg were included in the study considering the exclusion criteria. Patient followed up for the perinatal outcome. RESULTS: Perinatal outcome with relation to LFT are as follows: (overall incidence in all pre-eclampsia cases, 48% of total study cases had altered LFT values. Numbers of preterm cases were 52% (Vs 43%), which was the most common foetal complication. Apgar of 1 min and 5 min with < 7 were 59.5% (Vs. 45%). NICU admission was necessary in 62.5% (Vs.5 52%) showing 2/3 of neonatal need special neonatal observation and management. Foetal outcome were. IUGR54% (Vs. 48%) Hypoxia 41.6% (Vs 32%) MAS 14.6% (Vs. 10%) ARDS 21.8% (Vs 15%). CONCLUSION: Detection of increased LFT in cases of SPE is a special risk category, associated with increased rate of perinatal complications, compared to SPE with normal LFT. Such cases need special attention with early detection and referral to higher centre with better facilities of ICU, laboratories and NICU set up to reduce the complications and mortality.


Many phone vendors use Android as their underlying OS, but often extend it to add new functionality and to make it compatible with their specific phones. When a new version of Android is released, phone vendors need to re-apply or merge their customizations and changes to the new release. This is a difficult and time-consuming process, which often leads to late adoption of new versions. Ideally, automated support that can merge the vendor-specific changes with the changes that happened in the new release would speed up the process. In this paper, we perform an empirical study to determine the feasibility of such support. We study the changes in seven versions of CyanogenMod, a community-based customized variant of Android, and their corresponding Android versions. By taking the nature of these changes into account, we assess their overlap to identify potential conflicts. Our results show that 58% of the changes have the potential to be safely automated.


UWB technology has been recognized as an ideal candidate to provide positioning information in indoor environments. However, demonstrators useful to test UWB positioning algorithms are still difficult to realize due to the hardware requirements of this technology and the scarceness of components available in the market. For this reason, the use of an acoustic demonstrator is proposed. By scaling the frequencies with a specific factor, it is possible to obtain the same wavelengths for the audio signals as for the radio signals. In this way, similar interactions with the environment can be observed. A validation of this technique is provided, by analyzing and comparing the large scale statistics and the RMS delay spread of the channel impulse response obtained with the two types of signals, and the similarities and differences are underlined. Finally, first results on the TOA estimation accuracy for different propagation conditions and on the positioning performance achievable using audio signals are shown. With the proposed audio demonstrator an accuracy at centimeter level can be achieved for LOS propagation.


In this paper we develop a theoretical framework which enables us to analyze the throughput and fairness performance of various downlink scheduling schemes in WCDMA networks. For theoretical analysis, the following scheduling schemes are considered: (i) the round robin scheme, (ii) the maximum carrier-to-interference ratio (C/I) scheme and (iii) the proportional fair scheme. By deriving a close approximation to the probability density function of C/I, new, exact throughput and fairness expressions are formulated for the above scheduling schemes, by which a rigorous quantitative comparison among them can be performed. The results verify that throughput and fairness performance of each scheduling scheme depends largely on mobile users' location in the active cell. In general, the round robin scheme has the worst throughput performance among them, while the proportional fair scheme provides a better trade-off between throughput and fairness


We investigate the impacts of a combination of incentives on the purchase decisions of electric vehicle (EV) buyers in California from 2010 through 2017. We employ a comprehensive survey on over 14,000 purchasers of EVs in California. The survey covers a range of purchase intentions, general demographics, and the importance of various incentives. Our results indicate that the most important incentives for plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) owners are the federal tax credit, the state rebate, and HOV lane access. In addition, the importance of the incentives and their associated effect on purchase behaviour has been changing over time: respondents are more likely to change their decisions and to not buy a vehicle at all as time passes and the technology moves away from early adopters.


The probabilistic approach that was recently in- troduced by Kijko and Graham (1998, 1999) was applied for the estimation of seismic hazard for various sites in Greece in terms of peak ground acceleration (PGA) and peak ground velocity (PGV). These sites represent geographically cities of Greece among which are the capital of Greece and some oth- ers with high, intermediate and low seismicity. The approach allows the use of earthquake catalogues with incomplete re- ported historical and complete instrumental data, the consid- eration of different magnitude thresholds, and the incorpo- ration of magnitude uncertainties. One of the advantages of the method is that it does not require any determination of seismic zones. The estimated values of PGA for return pe- riods of 476 years were grouped in 4 categories, the same ones used in the seismic hazard map for the New Seismic Code of Greece. Comparison results were quite interesting and very encouraging concerning the reliability of this prob- abilistic approach.


As indicated by NMR experimental results, there are two types of electrons in a doped cuprate: the localized Cu3d electrons, which are responsible for magnetism, and the itinerant p-band electrons carrying the charge transports. We show that the uncompensated spins at oxygen sites created by holes can pair into a resonating valence bond (RVB) state via local exchange interactions where the quasi-free local Cu spins play a role of the mediation for spin pairing. The two-component model gives a proper interpretation of the magnetic origin of high Tc superconductivity, especially, in explanation of the cross over from the anti-ferromagnetic to the RVB state.


As the number of photovoltaic installations increases, so does the interest in PV module degradation and failure mechanisms. We developed a novel electronic device for PV module substring voltage measurements that can be installed directly into the junction box of a module. The results of the first year of operation show the benefits of knowing the operating conditions on the substring level. By measuring substring voltages, we were able to identify modules with potential problems with measurements performed in a very short time interval in an early stage without the need of a thorough PV module characterization.


Recent development of microelectrode technique has made possible a recording of a potential localized within a small part of tissue. Applying this technique to the retina, Tomita1)2) recorded potentials from various depths of the retina and called them "intra-retinal electroretinogram" (EIRG) . Svaetichin3), Brindley4)15) and other workers6)7)8) also have tried to analyse retinal response by similar methods. But it has remained to be explored how these potentials of different layers are related with one another. In the present experiment potential changes were recorded at the same time from two different layers, that is, the surface of the receptor layer and the inner plexiform layer, and compared with each other.


This chapter introduces wireless sensor networks (WSN), what are they as well as what types and applications exist. WSN consist of a few to thousands of sensor nodes, often also referred to as nodes or sensors, which sensor nodes are connected to each other via wireless communications. There are several assumptions or general properties of WSNs, which make them different from other types of wireless networks. There are many different applications of wireless sensor networks around the world making it impossible to cover all their application areas in the book. Applications of wireless sensor networks span environmental and animal monitoring, factory and industrial monitoring, agricultural monitoring and automation, health monitoring and many other areas. One of the main characteristics of wireless sensor networks is that they are tightly coupled with their application. The chapter explores the types of the WSN such as cyber???physical system (CPS), body sensor networks.


Objective To investigate the clinical results of choledocholithotomy by l1aparoseople transcystic common bile duct exploration.Methods 120 patients with choledocholithiasis underwent laparoscopic common bile duct exploration from 2005 to 2010 in Pixian People's Hospital.The clinical data in the two groups,such as operation time,blood loss,the number of injection pain,bowel recovery time,one stone clearance rate and the number of cases complications occurred,were analyzed comparatively.Results Comparing to OCHTD,1aparoseople transcystic common bile duct exploration was less in operation time,blood loss,the number of injection pain,bowel recovery time(P0.05).However,there were no difference in once stone clearance rate(P0.05).Conclusions Laparoseople transcystic common bile duct exploration have advantage in minimally invasive surgical procedures and clinical effect,and could replace the common bile duct exploration laparotomy in the future.Therefore,it should be worthy of further promotion.


This paper presents the design, fabrication, and testing of a harvester that extracts energy from moth-body vibrations during flight. The target moth is manduca sexta, which has a payload capacity near 1 g, and a dorsal payload volume approximately 8 mm wide and 15 mm tall. Operating within these constraints, the energy harvester is designed to deliver 1 mW of electrical power at 1 VDC for general-purpose use. It is based on magnetic induction driven by permanent magnets moving past windings. This motion is enhanced by a mechanical resonator tuned to the moth wing-flapping frequency.


A general method for a microscopic description of nuclear dynamical problems is discussed. The method is based on a functional integral representation for the many-body time evolution operator $U({t}_{f},{t}_{i})$. In the stationary phase limit, a time-dependent mean-field approximation for the matrix elements of $U$ is obtained. Using standard procedures this allows for extraction of quantum mechanical information about bound states, tunneling, or scattering phenomena in a many-nucleon system. The approximation represents a natural generalization of the time-dependent Hartree-Fock method.


KEMH STAFF ONLY - everything you need to know about Pharmacy audits, prescribing, supply, guidelines, medication incidents , antimicrobial restrictions.


The behavior of the magnetic ions in nickelous formate dihydrate, Ni(HCOO)2·2H2O, below its transition temperature is discussed theoretically. Expectation values of the spins at the two inequivalent sites in this crystal are calculated and expressions for paramagnetic and antiferromagnetic susceptibilities are derived. Crystal‐field parameters and the exchange integral which appear in the spin Hamiltonian for the present system are estimated from experimental data. If the same approximation as was used in the case of dihydrated formates of Mn++ and Fe++ is adopted, it is concluded that the spins for Ni(HCOO)2·2H2O at the two inequivalent sites in its antiferromagnetic state have different expectation values, 0.75 and 0.40. The coexistence of both paramagnetic and antiferromagnetic states is shown to be impossible.


In this paper, a new algorithm is presented to directly solve the linear algebraic system Ax=b, where A is an y1 x it coefficient matrix which may be singular or ill-conditioned. By writing the system as an expanded matrix A'= [ ~ibi E], where E is an n x y1 unitary matrix, one can transform A into a unitary matrix through the row-transformations with complete pivoting and proper zeroing, It is shown that the algorithm can provide a solution in the non-null subspace of the solution space, if matrix A is singular. The criteria for curing ill-conditions are related to the numerical precision of computers. Numerical examples demonstrate the power of the new algorithm.


Since the last few decades the political interventions in sports have increased to a great extent and have made sports as a political arena. This is a dangerous sign of a healthy sportsman spirit. Sport is now no longer a celebration of athletes' great victory and heart-warming stories, but it seems a victory of false on truth or a victory of politics over the goodness of sport. Politics has rotten the soul of sports. Leaders, autocrats, and powerful individuals have been using sports to assert their political dominance. It has been noticed that when the sportsperson's join certain political parties, they turn as a face of that political party than the reflection of true sportsman spirit. This paper attempts to highlight different ways using which politics has entered in the sports. This paper discusses some significant strategies through which sports are becoming a political arena in India.


Centronuclear myopathy is a rare congenital myopathy, which is characterized by centrally located nuclei and hypotrophy or predominance of type 1 fibers in muscle pathology. It is classified into three forms according to the clinical features and inheritance pattern: the X-linked recessive, the autosomal recessive, and the autosomal dominant forms. We report a case of a patient with generalized muscle weakness, poor muscle bulk, and dysmorphic features who was diagnosed as centronuclear myopathy. J Korean Neurol Assoc 24(5):491-494, 2006


Several solid state NMR techniques including magic-angle-spinning (MAS) and multiple-quantum (MQ) MAS experiments have been used to characterize various AlH3 samples. MAS-NMR spectra for the 1 H and 27 Al nuclei have been obtained on a variety of AlH3 samples that include the β- and γ-phases as well as the most stable α-phase. While the dominant components in these NMR spectra correspond to the aluminum hydride phases, other species were found that include Al metal, molecular hydrogen (H2), as well as peaks that can be assigned to Al-O species in different configurations. The occurrence and concentration of these extraneous components are dependent upon the initial AlH3 phase composition and preparation procedures. Both the β-AlH3 and γ-AlH3 phases were found to generate substantial amounts of Al metal when the materials were stored at room temperature while the α-phase materials do not exhibit these changes.


Based on the basic data collected from verdict documents from January 1,2014 to April 30,2015 as disclosed by China Verdict Net,in reality,a considerable number of people are unsatisfied with the process or results of due diligence on the part of administrative units,and think there exist administrative omission,so they initiate legal proceedings to protect their legitimate rights and interests.Among these litigations,the administrative units as defendants are accused of refusing to perform their statutory duties,inability to fully perform their statutory duties,delay in performing their statutory duties,and lack of factual and legal basis.The judiciary authorities also show certain problems in their attitude and methods in handling such cases.To better address the issue of administrative omission under new circumstances,firstly,it is necessary to strengthen supervision and accountability and encourage the prosecurats to file public interest litigations,so as to urge the administrative authorities to fully perform their statutory duties;secondly,it is also necessary for the judiciary authorities to exercise strict trial against administrative omission,make reasonable exercise of discretion,and give judiciary recommendations for defective administrative acts so as to exert their value-orientation role.


The iron-based surface composite reinforced by different size SiC particles were prepared by vacuum evaporative pattern casting(V-EPC).The results show that when SiC particle size is 560 μm,the iron-based surface composite reinforced by SiC particles has better surface composites quality,and the composite surface is flat.The composite layer thickness is about 3 mm.With the decrease of SiC particle size,the effect of infiltration is getting worse gradually,and when the SiC particle size is 180 μm,the composite layer on iron surface can not be prepared.


Researchers have been investigating the potential rewards of utilizing motion capture for linguistic analysis, but have encountered challenges when processing it. A significant problem is the nature of the data: along with the signal produced by the signer, it also contains noise. The first part of this paper is an exposition on the origins of noise and its relationship to motion capture data of signed utterances. The second part presents a tool, based on established mathematical principles, for removing or isolating noise to facilitate prosodic analysis. This tool yields surprising insights into a data-driven strategy for a parsimonious model of life-like appearance in a sparse key-frame avatar.


This article focuses on the returns of four major cryptocurrencies. It covers a complete study of the dynamics of cryptocurrencies with traditional financial markets, including stocks, gold and oil prices and the technology proxied by hashrates and social sentiments gauged by Twitter data. The article fits the time series model using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag framework and selects the fitted model using penalized least-square estimates. The study also encompasses a set of control variables to improve the model's accuracy. The findings confirm the existence of a dynamic relationship between the cryptocurrency market and the traditional financial markets. Our results imply that cryptocurrencies can be used as a tool for portfolio diversification. This study is a unique attempt at identifying the major drivers of the cryptocurrency market at large, by disentangling and modelling the dynamic relationships shared by the leading four cryptocurrencies with the relevant components of the financial markets. This article is a significant contribution to the emerging literature on cryptocurrencies and has implications for practitioners.


AbstractDetermining the contributions of climate change and human activities to runoff variation is important for water resource management. An improved double mass curve method (IDMC), which can d...


Nowadays, assessment of the quality of general movements (GMs) proven to be effective as a method of early detection of developmental disorders of children. Two main structures in the developing brain which neurons and glial cells plays a critical role, cortical subplate and and its efferent motor connections in the periventricular white matter, already recognized as the putative neural substrate of normal and abnormal GMs. In the last decade, it is become clear that the Hsc70 and Hsp70 may released into extracellular compartment (eHsc70 and eHsp70) and that neurons and glial cells can take them up from blood circulation.
It is provide rationale to investigate the role of circulating eHsc70 and eHsp70 in the mechanisms of the quality of GMs.
This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of normal and abnormal quality of GMs in preterm newborn infants based on the changes of circulating eHsc70 and eHsp70 expressions.
An observational and longitudinally study was performed on preterm infants. The assessment of the quality of GMs based on two observers blinded
analysis, and divided into two groups, normal and abnormal GMs. The expression of eHsp70 and eHsc70 were taken from blood circulation twice longitudinally, at birth (GMs-Preterm period) and at the age of 3-6 months (GMs-Fidgety period).
The ethical clearance was obtained from the Health Research Ethics Committee Dr. Soetomo Hospital. Statistical analysis using Pearson correlation test, t-test,multivariate test, with P value of <0.05 was considered significant, and followed by discriminant analysis.
A total of 42 GMs videos from 21 eligible samples of preterm infants were analyzed. The Kappa's value () of the two observers was 0.857 (excellent). In the GMs-Preterm period, the expression of eHsc70 was higher in GMs-Preterm
abnormal (47.947+3.3737 ng/mL) than normal group (44.653+3.0425 ng/mL),P=0,030. There was no differences of the expression of eHsp70 in the GMs-Preterm abnormal (1.696+3.1630 ng/mL) and normal group (1.183+2.5678ng/mL), P=0.687. In the GMs-Fidgety period, there was no differences of theexpression either eHsc70 or eHsp70 in the GMs-Fidgety normal and abnormal group. Simultaneously analyzing of eHsc70+eHsp70 (eHsc/p70) showed the expression of eHsc/p70 in GMs-Fidgety normal (45.967+2.9577 ng / mL) was
higher than GMs-Fidgety abnormal group (43.367+0.2810 ng / mL), P = 0.041.
The conclusions, the mechanisms of GMs-Preterm could be elucidated by expression of circulating eHsc70 as indicator of necrotic neuronal death pathway,and the mechanisms of GMs-Fidgety could be elucidated by expression of circulating eHsc/p70 as indicator of neuronal survival pathway by physiological process and apoptotic neuronal death pathway.


The paper proposed the Model of multiobjective quadratic fractional optimisation problem with a set of quadratic constraints and a methodology for obtaining a set of solutions based on the approach of using iterative parametric functions. Firstly, each fractional objective function is transformed into non-fractional parametric objective function by assigning a vector of parameters to each objective function. In this approach, the Decision Maker(DM) predecides the desired tolerance levels of the objective functions in the form of termination constants. Then, by using ε-constraint method, a set of efficient solutions is obtained and termination conditions are checked for each parametric objective function. Also, a comparative study of the proposed method and fuzzy approach is given to reveal the validity of the method. A numerical for Multiobjective quadratic fractional programming Model (MOQFPM) is given in the end to check the applicability of the approach.


1. The Biography Channel 2. Exemplary Lives 3. Warts and All 4. National Biography 5. Fallen Idols 6. Against Biography 7. Public Roles 8. Telling the Story


Amnesty International's (AI) recent report "Crimes of Hate, Conspiracy of Silence" examines the torture and ill-treatment of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people. The report documents widespread human rights abuses, ranging from loss of dignity to assault, rape, and murder. The report also reveals that both the state and society continue to sanction these human rights abuses through formal mechanisms, such as discriminatory laws, and through informal mechanisms, including stigma and prejudice. The disinterest or active hostility of the criminal justice system has allowed many of these abuses to be conducted with impunity.l This disturbing picture of abuses that goes against human decency should rouse health professionals-as well as citizens everywhere-to action. Health professionals should be particularly alarmed that health-care workers are implicated in these violations not


Introduction: The problem of glenoid loosening in total shoulder replacement (TSA) is not a new one. Surprisingly, it is still not clear which part of the fixation fails and where this failure initiates. Published works have used FE modelling, radiographs and in-vitro tests to assess the superiority of implants and design features [1,2,3,4,5]. All studies thus far have been unable to observe or measure failure. The authors propose an in-vitro and FE 2D plane strain study to observe and measure the failure mechanism of cemented glenoids. Materials and Methods: Custom-made glenoids were manufactured out of UHMWPE using design parameters of commercially available implants. Three design features were used; keel vs. peg, curve-back vs. flat-back and conforming (25 mm) vs. non-conforming (29 mm). Eight designs were made and cemented with a 2 mm cement mantle into bone substitute PU foam. All glenoid backs were roughblasted to 4-6μm. The ASTM standard for glenoid implant cyclic testing [6] was used to test the specimens at 0.5 Hz using an Instron machine. A 24 mm articulating head was used to apply 1800 N compressive and 1100-1300 N vertical loads, corresponding to the subluxation curves of each design. The 29 mm designs were repeated four times and the 25 mm designs once. FE models were made of all eight designs using quad elements in Marc/Mentat 2005. The in-vitro test was simulated as a linear static problem. Material properties were taken from manufacturers' data and literature search. The models were tested to convergence and a 3D glenoid model containing 27,000 tetrahedral elements was built in order to compare any changes in compressive, tensile and shear stress distributions in the 2D scenario. Results: In-vitro, all specimens failed inferiorly at the implant/cement interface (table 1). Failure was progressive and visible. This was also marked by a reduction in vertical load and hence joint stiffness. Differences between the 29 mm and 25 mm designs were significant (p=0.012) with 25 mm designs performing better (table 1). For the corresponding conformities, flat-back designs were significantly weaker to cyclic loading than curve-back designs (p=0.014). Overall there was no significant difference between the keel and peg designs. Although the choice between keel and peg was not critical in the flat-back designs, the peg was superior in the 29 mm curve-back case (p=0.004).


In this paper we propose a simple yet eeective architecture for fast wavelet transform. Our system incorporates the use of xed point numbers which results in a simpler design than the conventional processor with a oating point arithmetic unit. Calculations are further reduced using our thresholding-in-calculations (TIC) technique to omit calculations of small terms that are negligible to the accumulated sum. This reduction exhibits a signiicant performance gain while maintaining reasonable accuracy.


Most media practitioners would agree that numeracy - a basic competence with numbers - is an essential skill in modern journalism. Without it, we can't fully understand the world we live in, or explain and interpret it for our audiences. Virtually every aspect of life these days is quantified or measured by statistical or numerological data. Yet new research indicates that South African journalists are error-prone when it comes to numbers.


Interpersonal communication and its influence have been widely researched across various disciplines. Central to a substantial amount of this research is the question of identifying opinion leaders-those persons who tend to be interpersonal transmitters of information and influence to a greater degree than other persons in their social systems. This article seeks to expand the cumulative body of knowledge of interpersonal communication by examining how well selected characteristics predict male clothing fashion opinion leadership across three samples of respondents. We asked: (1) how well does a common set of characteristics explain variation in opinion leadership and (2) are there relatively stable predictors of male clothing fashion opinion leaders?


Early literacy skill of childhood was developed early childhood education. Role of parents and teacher have supporting to develop early literacy skill of childhood. Unfortunately, less early skill of childhood can't supporting parents involvement. So, childhood are formal learning to early literacy skill with preschools teacher or reading private tutorial. The purpose this study is describe teachers' role to develop early literacy skill, prepare to develop early literacy skill in preschool and parents role to develop early literacy skill of childhood. Data was collected by interview, observation and documentation. The primer subject were four preschool teachers, four parents and secunder subject were forty- four 4-6 years old preschool children. The result shows that teachers role to develop early literacy childhood in school as facilitator, demonstrator, director and motivator. Then, prepare to develop early literacy skill in preschool use book knowledge, alphabetic knowledge and phonological awareness. Then, parents role to develop early literacy skill as mentoring and teaching. Then, parents role and teachers had supported with cooperated parents and teachers to develop early literacy skill of childhood had known activited and result early literacy skill of childhood.
Keyword: Teachers' role, Literacy, Parents' role, Early childhood.


A digital image shooting device for outputting the digital images to the microfilm is an important device for realizing heterogeneous backup of electronic documents. In the prior art, an exposure shutter of the shooting device for outputting the digital images to the microfilm adopts an electronic shutter in mechanical structure or adopts the mode of closing a display liquid crystal backlight power supply, and thus components are easy to damage and the service life of the device is limited. The invention provides the method for outputting the super-high-definition digital images to the microfilm, and the method has the advantages of quick imaging, stable working, simple device structure and long device service life.


Distributed word representation is widely used in Natural Language Processing. However, traditional approaches, which learn word representations from the co-occurrence information in large corpora, might not capture fine-grained syntactic and semantic information. In this paper, we propose a general and flexible framework to incorporate heterogeneous features (e.g., word-sense, part-of-speech, topic) for learning feature-specific word embeddings in an explicit fashion, namely Heterogeneous Word Embedding (HWE). Experimental results on both intrinsic and extrinsic tasks show that HWE outperforms the baseline and various state-of-the-art models. Moreover, through the concatenation over HWE and the corresponding feature embeddings, each word would have different contextual representation under different contexts, which achieves even more significant improvement. Finally, we illustrate the insight of our model via visualization of the learned word embeddings.


Dark energy is one of the greatest mysteries in science today and holds the key to the understanding of cosmology and evolution of our universe, and the potential for discovery of new physics. While astronomical observations are capable of providing ever increased precision in characterizing the dark energy and its history, there is a strong need for understanding the very nature of dark energy. Precision space laboratory experiments provide opportunities for direct detection of dark energy as well as help addressing other outstanding science questions in the area of gravity including dark matter and gravitational waves. A confirmed direct detection of dark energy will lead to a fundamental shift in our understanding of gravity, fundamental physics and our universe, stimulating a wide variety of foundational research in cosmology and particle physics.


De novo molecular design attempts to search over the chemical space for molecules with the desired property. Recently, deep learning has gained considerable attention as a promising approach to solve the problem. In this paper, we propose genetic expert-guided learning (GEGL), a simple yet novel framework for training a deep neural network (DNN) to generate highly-rewarding molecules. Our main idea is to design a "genetic expert improvement" procedure, which generates high-quality targets for imitation learning of the DNN. Extensive experiments show that GEGL significantly improves over state-of-the-art methods. For example, GEGL manages to solve the penalized octanol-water partition coefficient optimization with a score of 31.82, while the best-known score in the literature is 26.1. Besides, for the GuacaMol benchmark with 20 tasks, our method achieves the highest score for 19 tasks, in comparison with state-of-the-art methods, and newly obtains the perfect score for three tasks.