The development of the wine industry as an infrastructural component of wine routes is possible only on a scientific platform, based on innovative transformations, with the support of the state and in close cooperation of all sectors of the economy related to viticulture, winemaking, and tourism. Despite the fact that the problems of management in the field of innovative development at various levels currently given considerable attention, a number of aspects of this issue remain unexplored. Thus, the analytical assessment of the innovation environment of Ukraine from the standpoint of innovation processes effective management in socio-economic systems and identifying the impact nature on the development of wineries is relevant. The main sources of innovative development inhibition are the state and the business environment. The state does not create conditions conducive to the development of the business environment, and also pays insufficient attention to the environment of knowledge production, which is the basis for innovation. This situation is risky for the domestic wine industry. Unfortunately, with the openness and insecurity of the Ukrainian market, European wines will continue to be more affordable. As a result, sales of Ukrainian products may fall, which in turn will exacerbate the fight against European winemakers for the Ukrainian consumer. Fierce competition with world leaders in the wine market dictates the need to improve the quality of Ukrainian wine products while reducing costs. A significant reserve for reducing the cost of wine is to increase the yield of grapes and the introduction of waste-free technologies. Carrying out economic transformations in Ukraine aimed at applying market principles of production regulation and increasing the competitiveness of domestic products, encourages continuous economic development and activity in economic and legal practice, which is an integral element of market economy self-regulation and a tool of responsibility for the inefficient organization of business structures. Ignoring or weakening this work inevitably leads to a crisis, bankruptcy, and liquidation of such enterprises in the wine industry. Given the international experience of highly developed wine regions of the world, it is advisable to develop and support wine tourism as a marketing component for advertising and promotion of local producers of alcoholic beverages as a tourist product, receiving additional economic and social benefits from tourists wine connoisseurs. The key factors in the development of all wine tourism sites in Ukraine are enterprises and structures related to the production and sale of alcoholic beverages. Their share in the retail food turnover of Ukraine is set within 20%, which is quite high for the country's economy.


Inspired by The Square of Vatican City, a fully integrated step-down switchedcapacitor DC-DC converter ring with 100+ phases is designed with a fast dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) feature for the microprocessor in portable or wearable devices. As shown in Fig. 20.4.1, this symmetrical ring-shaped converter surrounds its load in the square and supplies the on-chip power grid, such that a good quality power supply can be easily accessed at any point of the chip edges. There are 30 phases on the top edge and 31 phases on each of the other 3 edges, making 123 phases in total. The phase number and unit cell dimensions of this architecture can easily be adjusted to fit the floor plan of the load. The pads of the converter-ring are placed at the corners, and will not affect the pads of the load. Moreover, by using the proposed VDD-controlled oscillator (VDDCO), the frequency of which is controlled by varying its supply voltage, a hitherto unexplored feature of the multiphase DC-DC architecture is exposed: the control-loop unity gain frequency (UGF) could be designed to be higher than the switching frequency.


The use of electric grids for communication purposes may interfere with radio communication services. To offer new directions to avoid electromagnetic interference that reduces the effectiveness of electric power grids as a green and lowcost communication channel, this paper discusses and introduces spectrum sensing techniques for cognitive power line communication (PLC) systems. Additionally, a measurement campaign for monitoring the radio spectrum in the range from 1.7 to 100 MHz is discussed as well as attained results with the spectrum sensing technique. The numerical results indicate the proposed spectrum sensing technique can offer good performance in a cognitive PLC systems. Keywords— power line communication, spectrum sensing, signal processing.


It has been commonly conjectured that all massive >10 Msun stars are born in OB associations or clusters. Many O and B stars in the Galaxy or the Magellanic Clouds appear to exist in isolation, however. While some of these field OB stars have been ejected from their birthplaces, some are too far away from massive star forming regions to be runaways. Can massive stars form in isolation? The Spitzer survey of the Large Magellanic Cloud (aka SAGE) provides a unique opportunity for us to investigate and characterize the formation sites of massive stars for an entire galaxy. We have identified all massive young stellar objects (YSOs) in the Large Magellanic Cloud. We find that ~85% of the massive YSOs are in giant molecular clouds and ~65% are in OB associations. Only ~7% of the massive YSOs are neither in OB associations nor in giant molecular clouds. This fraction of isolated massive stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud is comparable to the 5-10% found in the Galaxy.


The purpose of the study was to find out whether attitudes of women towards the education of female children was related to the level of a woman's education, her occupational status and her environment.
A total of 300 respondents completed the survey instrument that was designed foe the study. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient, chi-square at alpa level of .05 and a two-tailed t-test of independence.
The study revealed that the level of education of women influenced their attitudes towards the education of female children. The type of occupation of women also influenced their attitudes towards the education of female children. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between the attitudes of rural and urban-based women concerning the education of female children. In conclusion the factors that negatively or positively influenced the attitudes of women towards the education of female children were the level of education, and occupational status. However, the environment in which women resided neither positively or negatively influenced their attitude towards the education of female children. It was recommended that for the attitude of women towards the education of girls to be positive, there was the need to encourage poor parents by giving them attractive packages like financial and material incentives. The cost of education should be re-evaluated by the various District Assemblies and unnecessary levies removed to enable mothers afford the cost of schooling


This paper formulates and solves optimization problems whose objective is to maximize the sum-throughput of wireless sensor networks with radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting (EH) and backscatter communication. The paper proposes and analyzes three protocols for maximizing the sum-throughput; namely, the time-division with downlink data decoding protocol, hybrid power splitting/data decoding protocol, and backscatter-enabled combination protocol. The time-division protocol optimizes a wireless powered communication network (WPCN) with a two-way communication link between the sensors and a hybrid access point. The hybrid protocol optimizes a WPCN with a power splitting downlink data decoding phase. The backscattered-enabled combination protocol optimizes a WPCN with a power splitting downlink data decoding phase and backscatter communication enabled sensors. Numerical results show that the hybrid and combination protocols deliver up to 14.5% and 30.5% increase in sum-throughput, respectively, compared with the reference time-switching RF EH protocol in a dynamic environment. The findings are significant for the future widespread adoption of WPCN systems powered by RF energy sources in the real world by increasing the amount of harvested energy and system achievable data rate.


Frequency domain PD testing offers a rich set of PD characterization tools, the most basic of which are described in the article. PD detection sensitivity under field conditions is one to two orders of magnitude greater than for time domain testing as a result of (i) no need to trigger on the first PD pulse above the broadband noise, and (ii) the filtering effect of the cable between the PD detection site and the terminations. As a result of this greatly increased sensitivity and the rich set of characterization tools, frequency domain PD testing has been developed into a highly sensitive and reliable tool for characterizing the condition of distribution cable during normal operation, the sensitivity and accuracy of which have been confirmed through independent testing.


The geographical components of pteridophyte florae in Guiyang Karst region were classified based on field survey and data analysis to know the characters of pteridophyte florae in Guiyang Karst region.The results showed that there were 301 pteridophyte species belonging to 90 genera and 39 families in Guiyang Karst region,the dominant families are Dryopteridaceae,Polypodiaceae,Athyriaceae,Thelypteridaceae and Aspleniaceae,and the dominant genera are Asplenium,Polystichum,Dryopteris and Selaginella.The pantropical type with tropical properties was the dominant in the areal types of families and genera.While the temperate type was the dominant in the areal types of species.The results showed that floristic geographical composition of the pteridophyte in the Karst region of Guiyang was mainly temperate elements and was a part of East Asia flora.They were closely related to Chongqing and related to Xishan Mountain and the Hongshuihe river to a certain extent.


Research in occupational stress has been revealing interesting facts for the past several decades. Occupational stress is a function of the nature of occupation and the occupational demands. One occupation that has unique occupational demands in tenns of power position and risk is the profession of pilots. In addition to the normal sources of occupational stress the profession of pilot is unique in experiencing stress because of a typical physical environment and the human life risk involved. This attaches academic and human significance to the study on pilot stress. This is an exploratory study aimed at identifying stress levels and coping styles adopted by pilots employed by different airlines in India. Both the Occupational and Environmental Stress are measured by separate instruments. Coping styles of pilots is measured by projective technique. A sample of 122 pilots varying in experience and cadre from the domestic airlines in India were selected randomly. Relevant statistical tests were used to find out differences in stress levels and coping styles among pilots. The study revealed that, the pilots ofsenior cadre were found to experience higher levels of occupational than those in the lower cadre. Organizational affiliation of pilots was found to have impact on their stress. Most of the pilots adopted rigid style of coping. Pilots with low and high stress levels differed in their coping styles.


Objective To explore the clinical value of mental nursing in the rescue of neurology patients.Methods 118 neurology patients who were rescued in our hospital were divided into observation group and control group,patients in control group were nursed with sertraline hydrochloride,whereas patients in observation group were nursed with sertraline hydrochloride combined with mental nursing. Compare the mental status,sleep status and satisfaction rate of these two groups after nursing. Results The SAS and SDS scores of observation group were significantly lower than control group( P 0. 01),sleep quality improvement status was significantly better than control group( P 0. 01),satisfaction rate was significantly higher than control group( P 0. 05). Conclusion Mental nursing could alleviate patients' bad mood,improve their sleep quality,it has positive meaning in the treatment of neurology patients.


The major political parties have put more resources into their get-out-the-vote (GOTV) efforts since the 2000 elections. Both parties have turned to "microtargeting" to develop sophisticated strategies to contact those citizens who can be persuaded to turn out and to vote for their candidate. In this paper, we examine who gets contacted by the parties and whether the parties' investments in microtargeting appear to produce different patterns in contacting over time. Of course, parties have always sought to turnout their most loyal supporters on election day, but if the parties' microtargeting strategies work as intended we should see individual partisanship being less predictive of who gets contacted as parties are better able to contact citizens who may not be ardent supporters but are persuadable. Using data from the National Election Studies for both congressional and presidential elections from 1990-2008, we examine who is most likely to be contacted and whether the characteristics of targeted potential voters have changed over time.


Objective: to detect the occurrence of leprosy in the main cities of Baixada Maranhense, relating to demographic factors and clinical aspects. Method: This is a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study of data contained in the notification / investigation form of the National Notifiable Disease Information System (SINAN) and in the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) of new cases of leprosy. Results: The prevalence was higher in males and in the age group above 15 years, with schooling up to elementary school and mixed race. Regarding clinical characteristics, the multibacillary operational classification was the most prevalent. The municipality of Pinheiro had the highest number of prevalent cases in the last 5 years, with 198 (46.5%), followed by Viana, with 92 (21.6%). In 2013 there was a prevalence of 78 (18.3%) cases, however in 2014 the highest number of prevalent cases was obtained, with 99 (23.2%), in 2015 there were 90 (21.1% ), in 2016, 93 (21.8%) cases were registered, and in 2017, their lowest prevalence was obtained, with 66 (15.5%) cases per year in the municipalities under study. Conclusion: There is a higher occurrence in the MB operational form in all municipalities in the years 2013 to 2017. The predominant characteristics in the population with leprosy in this study were male, aged over 15 years, low level of education and the form leprosy disease was more prevalent among multibacillary forms. Therefore, measures are needed to facilitate early diagnosis in order to prevent the disease from spreading to more advanced cases and not generating a greater impairment in terms of the degree of disability.


The present invention is the pressure sintering process when the effective layer to be due to the level difference occurs to provide a reliable relationship between the internal electrode length different from the products, the capacitor laminate with the internal electrodes and dielectric layers are alternately After pressing and cutting, the embodiment of the present invention According to the internal electrode and a dielectric layer are alternately comprising a capacitor body formed by stacking a, relative to the cut surface of the capacitor body, as L the maximum length of the internal electrode appearing in the cutting plane, and the minimum length of the inner electrode When defined as l, a length difference ratio of the internal electrodes define (D = {Ll} / L × 100) is laminated to be not more than 7% of a ceramic capacitor and a method of manufacture as described above is provided. Crack, the capacitor, the electrode length difference rate


This paper goes for examining different exploration issues of executing the portable entryway to coordinate remote sensor system (WSN) and different systems and another strategy for actualizing cell telephones itself serve as sensor of remote sensor system and different versatile sensor system based applications. Lately, the organization of remote sensor systems are utilized as a part of mixture of fields, for example, medicinal, ecological and environment checking production lines, movement control, structure observing, flame recognition and framework security and so on. WSN comprises of sensor hubs of low power, low information rate correspondence capacity and low preparing force. So there is a plausibility of loss of information which are detected by the sensors furthermore numerous challenges to transmit the detected information to different systems effortlessly. Beat this circumstance, an advanced cell furnished with high handling force sensors are utilized as sensors as a part of WSN or utilized as a door in the middle of WSN and other system and this usefulness of coordinating WSN and different systems through PDA innovation called portable remote sensor network(MSN) is utilized as a part of numerous applications. Rich-sensor advanced mobile phones have made conceivable the late conception of the versatile detecting examination range as a major aspect of omnipresent detecting which incorporates different territories, for Example, remote sensor systems and web detecting. There are a few sorts of portable detecting: individual, participatory, artful, swarm, social, and so on. The object of detecting can be individuals focused or environment-focused. The detecting space can be home, urban, vehicular… Currently hindrances restrain the social acknowledgment of versatile detecting frameworks. Cases of social hindrances are security concerns, prohibitive laws in a few nations and the nonappearance of monetary motivating forces that may urge individuals to take an interest in a detecting crusade. A few specialized boundaries are telephone vitality investment funds and the mixed bag of sensors and programming for their administration. Some current studies mostly handle the theme of portable detecting frameworks. Distributed papers hypothetically or somewhat fathom the above obstructions. We finish the above overviews with new works, audit the boundaries of versatile detecting frameworks and propose a few thoughts for effectively actualizing detecting, combination, learning, security, protection and vitality putting something aside for any kind of portable detecting framework, and propose a few sensible exploration challenges. The fundamental goal is to lessen the expectation to absorb information in versatile detecting frameworks where the intricacy is high.


According to classical boundary-layer theory, uniform flow past a semi-infinite wedge, inclined at a negative angle ½πβ to the direction of the free stream, does not separate unless β ≤−0·1988. It has been assumed, therefore, that, in the range −0·1988 < β < 0, the flow within the boundary layer is represented by the Falkner-Skan equation, which, as was shown by Stewartson (1954), has two admissible solutions. All such solutions for p < 0 appear to be somewhat unsatisfactory, however, because they require an adverse pressure gradient, which, by becoming infinite as the corner of the wedge is approached, could lead to separation even if, β > −0·1988. In addition, the structure of the high Reynolds number flow for β < −0·1988 has remained, to date, unresolved. We present here a fundamentally different solution to this classical problem which eliminates the singularity in the potential region by allowing the flow to separate at the leading edge of the inclined surface. The associated flow field is then characterized by an essentially uniform free stream flowing over an inviscid and, to a high approximation, irrotational region of reverse flow in which the velocity is of O(R−½) in magnitude, R being the Reynolds number. Mixing of these two streams is confined to a free shear boundary layer, of O(R−½) in thickness, extending downstream from the leading edge and parallel to the direction of the undisturbed main flow. Finally, an additional boundary layer, of O(R−½) in thickness, is shown to exist between the separated region and the surface of the wedge. Owing to the absence of a characteristic length in the problem, similar solutions to the appropriate equations describing the flow in each region are obtained and are valid for all β < 0, provided that the Reynolds number is sufficiently large. The analysis is then extended to higher order in R to increase its range of validity and to demonstrate that the proposed structure of the flow field remains self-consistent. Although the solution is developed only for a semi-infinite wedge with β < 0, it is believed that certain of its features may be of value in the analysis of other problems involving high Reynolds number separated flows.


With the increasingly drastic electro-optical countermeasures in military application,camouflage painting becomes one of effective measures to realize target stealth for improving the survivability and penetration capabilities.An effective painting effect evaluation modeling is a key to improve the painting stealth efficiency.Firstly,an assessment modeling method of camouflage paints was established based on infrared target acquisition principle.Secondly,the target critical dimensions were calculated by the projected area of target figure relative to LOS.Thirdly,according to coating emittance,the average temperature contrast between camouflage target and background was obtained taking consideration of the influence of target patches visibility and weight.At last,the target blurred infrared imaging was simulated by sensor system's blurred factor,and discrimination cycle criteria was analyzed.Experiments show that the model is convenient and effective in evaluating the camouflage effect of painting.


This research was a development reseacrh in chemistry education field. The aims of the research were (1) developing Shining Chemistry Book based on a contextual approach for SMA/MA chemistry materials of grade XI in the even semester, (2) determining the provided book quality seeing from the following aspects ; the writing approach, the truth concept, the model concept, the depth concept, the achievement, the language, and the layout in the book based on the five SMA/MA chemistry teachers' assessment as the reviewers. The research used a procedural developing model that consists of planning, organizing, implementing, assessment, and data analyzing. The first product of the Shining Chemistry Book was observed and the writer got some suggestion as the inputs/feedbacks from the three peer reviewers, the expert of materials and the expert of media. The product which had been revised and then assessed by the five SMA/MA chemistry teachers. The product quality of the Shining Chemistry Book was based on the assessment all aspects from the reviewers, using an assessment instrument in the form of questionnaire with Likert scale The result of the development research was a product of Shining Chemistry Book based on a contextual approach for SMA/MA chemistry materials of grade XI in the even semester which consists of 5 chapters. The resulted book quality was determined by the all aspects quality based on the reviewers' assessment that is : "Very Good" with the average score 128 from the maximum score 150, and the ideal precentage 85.33%. Therefore, this book was categorized as a good book and it is suitable to be an alternative learning resource for the students.


This paper,through stochastic frontier analysis,studies the causes of imbanlance development in China's township enterprises in view of technical efficiency.The study indicates that the gap between the per capita actual output and frontier output is mainly affected by technical inefficiency,and the level of technical efficiency is decreasing from the east to the west.This proves that the technical efficiency is the important factor which influences the development imbalance of China's township enter-prises.Besides,although the technical efficiency level of China's township enterprises is low,it still shows a increaseing trend.Through the decomposition to the factors which influence the regional outputs gap,this paper proves that technical efficiency is the most important factor which influence the per capita output of township enterprises.


: Numerical schemes for free boundary problems are categorized into two groups: level-set approaches and iterative approaches. In this paper we present a combined approach for computing numerical solutions of a free boundary problem. At first, a rough numerical solution is obtained by a level-set method. Then, using the solution as an initial guess, we use an iterative scheme to obtain more pre-cise solution. To design an iterative scheme, we calculate first variations with respect to boundary perturbation of quantities related to the free boundary problem. Such a variation with respect to domain perturbation is called Hadamard's variation. Since our iterative scheme is designed with Hadamard's variations, it is fast and stable. If the iteration starts with good initial guess obtained by a level-set method, iteration converges almost immediately. Numerical examples show the effectiveness and usefulness of our approach.


New Hampshire law should be extended, so as to permit classification of at least 100 acres in any one town in the name of any land owner. We have as much and perhaps more interest shown in reforestation by those who own many lots in different sections, and inasmuch as the classification law aims to encourage reforestation, we are losing an opportunity to get the larger results through our 50-acre limitation. The New Hampshire law has been in effect but one season and some 40 to 50 lots have been classified, with a total acreage of about 1500 acres. In Massachusetts more than 25,000 acres have been classified during the past two seasons, and it is worth recording that this has been accomplished through the local assessors, subject to appeal to the state forester and without seriously reducing the valuation in any one town or causing any appreciable increase in tax rate on other property. It should be remembered that the classification law does no so much exempt values now existing but tends to create new values for the


Abstract Introduction Australian and New Zealand accreditation standards for occupational therapy courses mandate consumer involvement in the design, delivery, and evaluation of courses. Consumer involvement in medical, dental, and nursing education has been evidenced as a factor for increasing student empathy. To date, there has been no known research on the impact of mental health consumer involvement on occupational therapy students' empathy. The aim of this study was to investigate if occupational therapy students who receive teaching from a mental health consumer demonstrate higher levels of empathy compared with students who receive teaching delivered by occupational therapy academics. Methods Pre–post, quasi experimental, two group comparison design was used to measure second‐year student empathy pre and post a consumer‐led teaching tutorial. Students (N = 217) were randomised into two groups across three university campuses: 'teaching as usual group' (control) or 'consumer‐led' group (experimental group). The Jefferson Scale of Empathy was used to measure student empathy. Results N = 138 matched scales were returned. Little difference in empathy scales was detected between groups. The 'consumer‐led' group increased for the empathy scale by 3.4(95% CI: 0.7,6.1, p = 0.014) but was not statistically significant compared to 1.3(95% CI: −1.0,3.5, p = 0.267) for the control group. Both groups scored highly on empathy. Conclusion This study found that occupational therapy students had pre‐existing high levels of empathy. The challenge for future research is to identify appropriate ways to measure the impact of mental health consumer involvement on occupational therapy curriculum and students.


This paper explores the interaction between human capital and innovations in the process of economic growth. Using a model of endogenous economic growth, the focus of our analysis is on the incenti ...


This study was a survey research and aimed to study theeffectiveness of operation for food safetyin Sing Buri province. The samples were 400 respondents from the population in the Sing Buri province whom agedmore than 15 years. The tools for data collecting were a questionnaire and interviews which studied during October 2014-June 2015. The data were analyzedby frequency, mean, standard deviation maximum, minimum, t-test, one way ANOVA or F-test and paired comparison with Scheffe method. The research findings were as follows:Theeffectiveness of operation for foodsafety in Sing Buri province in the aspect of food safety practices, the aspect of perception of information about hygienic food, the aspect of operational roles on the food safety project of Sing Buri Provincial Public Health office, and the aspect of health status during the last year were allat high levels.The comparisons of means of the effectiveness of operation for food safety in Sing Buri province classified by genderwere not differed while those classified by age, education level, occupations, and monthly household income were significantly different at the level .05. This research suggested that Sing Buri Provincial Public Health office should provide information via various media to most people, conduct continuous training for public health personnel, create networks for food safety operations, and co-ordinate with organizations in the food chain, private organizations, volunteers, and people. Keyword : The effectiveness The operation for food safety, Foodsafety, Behavior


Because of increased competition for scarce resources, marketing has become an important activity of many nonprofit organizations. Higher education institutions, as one of these nonprofit organizations, provide us with excellent examples of this trend (Hayes, 1991). The marketing of higher education has received a tremendous amount of emphasis and attention.


Infiximab has been shown to be highly effective in phase III clinical trials, but limited information is available regarding drug survival and maintenance of efficacy beyond 1 year in real‐life clinical setting.


PICO question
In male dogs undergoing surgical castration, does a pre-scrotal approach in comparison to a scrotal approach lead to a superior recovery, in terms of duration of postoperative pain and/or reduced post-operative complications?

Clinical bottom line
Category of research
Treatment.
Number and type of study designs reviewed
Two prospective clinical trials were critically appraised.
Strength of evidence
Weak.
Outcomes reported
Woodruff et al. (2015) evaluated postoperative recovery in 206 dogs following surgical castration using a scrotal incision in comparison to 231 dogs using a pre-scrotal approach. Complications observed in order of frequency, included: incisional swelling; haemorrhage; pain; and self-trauma, however, apart from self-trauma, complications were not influenced by incision location. Dogs castrated using a scrotal approach had reduced odds of self-trauma (OR: 0.51, P = 0.04, 95% CI 0.27–0.97). Moreover, mean duration of surgery was faster for the scrotal versus the pre-scrotal approach (3.6 minutes, P<0.01, 95% CI 3.38–3.82 versus 5.1 minutes, 95% CI 4.86–5.41).
Miller et al. (2018) evaluated complication rates following open or closed castration using a scrotal approach in 400 shelter dogs under the age of 6 months. Complications involving intra-operative bleeding were not observed, while marginal rates of post-operative events were reported, including peri-incisional dermatitis (2.3%), skin bruising (1.0%), and swelling (0.3%). No self-trauma or rescue analgesia was recorded. In comparing surgical time, the mean duration was 1 minute ± 0.2 minutes in dogs undergoing scrotal surgery, in comparison to canine patients undergoing the same procedure using a pre-scrotal approach, where the mean duration was 3.5 minutes ± 0.4 minutes.
Conclusion
The outcomes of these two studies imply that a scrotal incisional approach in canine castration is at least no worse in the first 24 hours than a traditional pre-scrotal approach and may also reduce mean duration of surgery. However, limitations to the evidence do not permit a firm conclusion and it also remains unclear whether these advantages persist in the longer postoperative period. Further research is needed to confirm initial findings suggested here.

How to apply this evidence in practice
The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient's circumstances and owners' values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.
Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.


The amortization of the reserve for the impaired assets has a very important influence on the quality of accounting information, but profit manipulation by using the reserve for the impaired assets has become a serious problem. This problem has to be solved urgently. This article classifies the companies for profit companies and deficit companies. By analyzing the appearances that these companies use the reserve for the impaired assets to control the profits, this paper finds out the reasons of the appearances and gives some ideas to prevent the companies from controlling the profits by the reserve for the impaired assets.


The invention discloses a humidifying antibacterial paint, which belongs to the technical field of paints. The humidifying antibacterial paint comprises the following raw materials by weight: 30 to 35 parts of deionized water, 2 to 5 parts of cellulose, 0.3 to 0.8 part of a dispersant, 0.1 to 0.3 part of a wetting agent, 1 to 2 parts of propylene glycol, 0.1 to 0.2 part of a pH value conditioning agent, 15 to 20 parts of titanium dioxide, 15 to 25 parts of diatomite, 2.5 to 5 parts of meerschaum powder, 5 to 10 parts of nanometer composite powder, 10 to 15 parts of negative ion minerals, 20 to 30 parts of pure acrylic acid emulsion, 0.5 to 1 part of a water-absorbent resin, 1.5 to 2 parts of a film forming aid and 0.5 to 0. 8 part of a thickening agent. The invention further provides a preparation method for the humidifying antibacterial paint. Industrial production of the humidifying antibacterial paint is realized, production process for the paint is simple, and the humidifying antibacterial paint has high-efficiency humidifying and antibacterial effects, is environment-friendly and nontoxic and meets needs of architectural ornament.


Many studies on the labeling in different institutions (hospital, prison, psychiatric center ...) in various application fields (health, unemployment, ethnic origin, profession ...) report perverse effects of stigma on the stigmatized persons, in particular the amplification of the deviance or the reproduction of delinquent behavior. This article goes into this theoretical scheme while focusing on the policing of an industrial mining site. As part of the approach of the qualitative approach, the data of this survey were collected in the Gécamines factories of Shituru (in Likasi, DRC) via the direct observations, carried out with different positions, and thirteen interviews including eight with the police and the private security guards and five with the inhabitants who are near the factories. The field trip lasted nine months from November 2007 to August 2018. The results of this research show the beneficial aspects of labeling on the authors of stigmatization when, through the stigmata built on the basis of certain physical, social and intellectual characteristics of threatening as well as their different operating modes, the guards producers of labels perceive and attempt to elude, to manage the risks that undermine the space to be protected. In this case, the co-producers security officers adapt and readapt their situational prevention strategies.


Hereditary hearing impairment is caused by genetic defects and is a common clinical disease. Since the lack of efficient treatment method, genetic counseling is more important in this field. It provides information about inherited disorders and focuses on assessment and interpretation of the risk for occurrence of genetic conditions in the family. Presented in this paper are classification of hereditary hearing impairment and methods to perform probability analysis using features of pathogenic genes and information of pedigree.


The utility model discloses a horn and wooden comb tenoning machine, which comprises a machine body and a horn and wooden block comb tenoning machine table arranged at the left and right sides of the machine frame. The utility model is characterized in that: the lower part of the machine frame is equipped with a drive motor, and the transverse shaft at the upper part is equipped with a rotating knife shaft; the drive motor drives the rotating knife shaft to rotate by a belt drive mechanism; the two ends of the rotating knife shaft are respectively equipped with a round saw knife; the angle block comb tenoning machine table comprises a machine table, a vertical knife input guide rail arranged at the upper part of the machine table and a drag harrow which can slide on the vertical knife input guide rail to input and retract the knife; the front part of the drag harrow is equipped with a vertical retaining edge, a cutting edge and a tooth width regulating board whose projection is arranged in the cutting edge, and the back part is opened with a gap. The utility model also comprises a tooth depth regulating mechanism. The utility model replaces handwork to open teeth on wooden and horn comb, which reduces the labor strength of workers and increases the tenoning efficiency.


The objective of this paper is to develop a coating method for placing ultrathin zirconia films, fabricated using sol–gel methods, onto micro end mills. Sol–gel synthesis is investigated because of its potential as a low energy and inexpensive method for depositing a variety of wear resistant and chemically stable oxide coatings that could potentially extend tool life. Two sol–gel based deposition methods are investigated: dip-coating and electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The coatings are deposited on 300-μm-diameter micro end mills. Initial results suggest that sol–gel coating methods can produce the required coverage and conformity in the cutting zone. However, preliminary findings show that the coating is removed in the cutting zone after a short time of machining (6 s). The tool pretreatment and extent of sintering, which affect surface adhesion coating mechanical properties, require further study and optimization.


Abstract 4480 Objective Pulmonary complications are common in bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients and often of an infectious etiology or attributed to intensive conditioning regimens. Cases of pulmonary arterial hypertension have been described in the setting of autologous BMT but are believed to be the result of acquired infections or previously-administered chemotherapy. Whether transplanted marrow cells themselves are toxic to the recipient9s lungs is unknown. Methods To address this, non-irradiated female BALB/C mice were transplanted with 5-6×107 whole bone marrow (WBM) cells from male BALB/C mice daily for four days on week zero, then again on week eight (4.5×108 cells total/mouse), or an equal volume of diluent (control). On week 24, transplanted mice received 1000 cGy of chest-only radiation or no radiation. On week 32, histochemical and immunohistochemical analyses were performed on recipient9s lungs. Results Bone marrow chimerism was not significantly different in the irradiated and non-irradiated cohorts at the time of sacrifice (average 45.11+6.25% Y chromosome+, all mice). Recipient lungs contained few non-hematopoietic donor marrow-derived cells. These cells were exclusively epithelial (Y+/cytokeratin+), primarily type II pneumocytes (Y+/prosurfactant C+), while no endothelial (Y+/von Willebrand+) or vascular smooth muscle (Y+/alpha-actin+) cells were identified. Irradiated and non-irradiated cohorts had similar quantities of these cells (0.80+0.22% vs. 0.51+0.08% Y+/cytokeratin+; 0.37+0.08% vs. 0.32+0.12% Y+/prosurfactant C+, p>0.2). Pulmonary vessel wall thickness-to-blood vessel diameter ratios (PVWT/D) were significantly increased in the non-irradiated cohort compared with controls and these ratios were further increased in the irradiated cohort (141+5.75%, 161+5.34% of control, p Conclusions These data indicated that marrow cell infusion alone results in pulmonary vascular remodeling and this effect is augmented by radiation injury. These changes are independent of transplanted marrow cell conversion to pulmonary vascular endothelial, smooth muscle cells. These studies suggest that transplanted cells may be lung toxic entities in the setting clinical BMT. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


The EUDET JRA1 demonstrator was commissioned in summer 2007 and since then heavily used by different groups. In this memo the overall status of the EUDET Telescope as of summer 2008 will be given. The experiences of the different users will be summarised. At the end of the report the option of a second telescope will be discussed and an outlook on the plans for 2009 will be given. This is a summary of the plenary talk given at the EUDET Annual Meeting in Amsterdam, October 2008. ∗Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, 22607 Hamburg, Germany


The description and development of the various stages of Tetranychus yusti McGregor are presented. The female requires 9-10 days and the male 8½-9½ days to develop at 25.5. On an average a female lays 4.5 eggs per day and lives 21 days, but it can lay up to 158 eggs and live up to 35 days. More than 85 plant species were tested as host plants, and representatives of the Leguminosae, Malacca, Gramineae, and Compositae proved most suitable. The chances of this spider mite to become economically important are discussed.


A multiplexing scheme for the data serializer (D) from different organs (3A-3D; 3a-3d) such data accumulation, suitable for taking a member in each well accumulated data packet and to serialize the data packets collected in the various organs as a TDM packet data, characterized by first means (31) for calculating, for each member, deadlines (HLA), each term defining a time limit beyond which a data packet accumulated in an organ is to be taken for its series connection in time multiplex, and by second means (32) for determining, among several bodies to which respective deadlines have been calculated, the for which the earliest deadline has been calculated so as to take priority in this body a data packet.


Research progress in gut-lung axis and lung diseases Mu Zhi-Yong, Wei Yan-Ling, Li Ning, Xu Feng-Hua, Ruan Guang-Cong, Xiao Zhi-Feng, Fan Li-Qin, Chen Dong-Feng, Cui Hong-Li Department of Gastroenterology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China Corresponding author, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com This work was supported by the Army Medical University 2019 Military Medicine Frontier Innovation Ability Training Program (2019CXJSB008) [Abstract] There is a huge amount of microbial community in the human intestinal tract, among which the gut microbiota accounts for the largest proportion, which is crucial for maintaining the normal physiological function of human body. Gut microbiota imbalance not only affects gastrointestinal function, but also damages organ functions outside the gastrointestinal tract. Recently, scholars have put forward the doctrines of the "gut-liver" axis and the "gut-brain" axis based on the interrelation and influence between the intestine and other organs. With the deepening of research, the role of gut microbiota in the development and progression of lung diseases has been increasingly concerned, and the theory of "gut-lung" axis has been gradually formed, which is also consistent with the theory described in traditional medicine as "The lung stands in interior-exterior relationship with the large intestine". This paper mainly introduces the research progress of the "gut-lung" axis and lung-related diseases for providing a reference for the treatment of clinical lung diseases. [Key word] gut microbiota; respiratory tract microbiota; "gut-lung" axis; lung diseases "肠-肺"轴与肺部疾病关系的研究进展


Mining Human Interaction in Meetings is useful to identify how a person reacts in different situations. Behavior represents the nature of the person and mining helps to analyze, how the person exhibits his/her opinion. Detecting semantic knowledge is significant. Meeting interactions are categorized as propose, comment, acknowledgement, request-information, ask-opinion, postopinion and negative opinion. The sequence of human interactions is represented as a Tree. Tree structure is used to capture how the person interacts in Meetings and to discover the interaction flow often occurs in a Meetings and to reveal the relationship exist among the interactions. Tree pattern mining and sub tree pattern mining algorithms are automated to analyze the structure and to extract interaction flow patterns. The extracted patterns are interpreted from human interactions. The frequent patterns are used as an indexing tool to access a particular semantics. Frequent interaction flow helps to assume the probability of another type of interaction. The frequent interaction patterns are clustered and the behavior of the person is determined.


ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of parents and co-parents where one parent was diagnosed with cancer with specific interest in the impact of the disease on their role as a parent and the supports that were found to be useful in managing the ongoing care of their children. A qualitative research method using semi-structured interviews and thematic network analysis techniques was used. Participants included adult English-speaking parents receiving treatment for a new diagnosis of cancer at a major tertiary oncology research and treatment centre, with prior social work involvement. Participants reported multiple, complex layers of need. Four salient themes were evident: (a) emotional impact of a cancer diagnosis on the patient, (b) accessing professional supports, (c) children's understanding, and (d) meeting children's needs. Parents described difficulties in managing emotionally, physically, and existentially. Accessing supports within the healthcare service and community was paramount, as was guidance around communicating with children. Receiving a proactive service from a social worker was highly regarded. The results demonstrate that it is essential to respond to the needs of parents with cancer in order to minimise prolonged emotional distress. IMPLICATIONS Parents diagnosed with cancer have unique needs including concern about the impact on their children and families. Social workers should be proactive in identifying patient needs and ensuring services and supports are provided in a timely way.


The invention discloses a device and method for portunus trituberculatus trotline type single body floating basket cultivation. The cultivation device comprises cultivation baskets and foam floating frames, wherein the cultivation baskets are sleeved with the outer portions of the foam floating frames. Every cultivation basket is internally divided into two small grids through a separating net, sand boxes are subject to pressure casting in every small grid, and the cultivation baskets are in series connection through two parallel trotlines. According to the cultivation method, the cultivation baskets are in series connection through the trotlines, and a traction device arranged in a pond drives the trotlines to drive the series connection cultivation baskets to be dragged; a half of a water body of the pond is utilized to perform cultivation, and back-and-forth dragging of the cultivation baskets is facilitated; and the back-and-forth dragging of the cultivation baskets facilitates everyday management work performed by cultivation workers, is also favorable for supplementation of dissolved oxygen in the cultivation water body and facilitates popularization by cultivation users.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop gendered entrepreneurship theory through a focus on the roles of space and place in the daily lives and businesses of mothers who have configured business around the daily routines of family work. Design/methodology/approach – Through a consideration of the accounts of 29 "mumpreneurs" and using a framework forwarded by Jarvis to understand the geographically embedded "infrastructure of everyday life", this paper seeks to understand mumpreneurial decision making, choice and constraint. Findings – Spatial factors, in their myriad forms, run through and affect mothers' different levels of capability and constraint, and thus the (gender-role and entrepreneurial) "choices" that individuals and families make. Placing families in the realities of specific, material locales helps to embed our understandings of these decision-making processes in real places. Originality/value – This discussion: advances new understanding about how space and place enable or constra...


The objectives of circularity are often focused on recycling, but combining use of alternative building blocks such as bio-sourced ones for virgin materials with ability for recycling seems to be a relevant challenge. Unfortunately, the volumes of rather new bio-based plastics, such as Poly (lactide) (PLA), seem be too low to allow the development of new recycling chains in the next years. Therefore, these bio-plastics are not likely to be recycled at large scale, reducing their interest when considering their whole life cycle. Nevertheless, continuing to produce petroleum-based plastics and searching for a way to recycle them seems not to be a self-sufficient solution. Indeed, in order to reconciliate recycling and bio-based plastics, a strategy is to focus on the production of conventional plastics, such as poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET), from renewable resources while ensuring their recycling in existing chains. In this context, this review focuses on alternative building blocks sources to produce PET, for which recycling seems relevant and developed. Although still produced in small quantities, some alternative sources for building block production have been able to establish themselves in the industrial landscape. Nevertheless, there is still little industrialization and the synthons are often produced in small quantities. Most of the discoveries are still confined to laboratory studies with some pilot tests for part of them. It should be emphasized that, even if some synthons are already commercialized, research is active with the aim of improving yields, discovering cleaner catalysts, reducing energy consumption. The review describes alternative routes and sources for the production of PET, not only with technological but also socio-economical points of view with discussion on their potentials and limits. The different routes proposed display promising advantages to be improved by research studies. Nevertheless, producing bio-sourced polymers at a large-scale could lead to problems of access to resources. A more local economy involving smaller volumes of material and adapting to the resources of the territory could be an alternative. The review could help in orientating research contributing to a circular economy depending less on non renewable resources, considering technological and socio-economical points of view.


We describe the non-equilibrium dynamics of the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev models of fermions with all-to-all interactions. These provide tractable models of the dynamics of quantum systems without quasiparticle excitations. The Kadanoff-Baym equations show that the final state is thermal, and their numerical analysis appears consistent with a thermalization rate proportional to the absolute temperature of the final state. We also obtain an exact analytic solution of the non-equilibrium dynamics in the large $q$ limit of a model with $q$ fermion interactions: in this limit, the thermalization of the fermion Green's function is instantaneous.


Recently hybrid-laser welding technology has been getting increased attention due to the higher quality expectation of customers and severe competitions in the auto manufacturing industries. This research reports a successful application of the hybrid-laser technology to an automobile part welding process. The hybrid-laser welding provided better appearance quality, welding quality and productivity than the heat welding and vibration welding. Further experiments are required for the wide application of the hybrid-laser technology to the various auto part producing processes.


The results of treatment of 60 patients with a verified diagnosis of ischemic stroke, acute period, with a motor deficit in the form of hemiparesis, with cognitive impairment, are presented; patients were distributed by random sampling into two groups: group 1 (30 people), the standard treatment was supplemented with a course of laser therapy, group 2 (30 people) received only the standard course of treatment. In patients, the effect of low-intensity laser radiation on the cognitive functions, short-term memory, attention, and mental abilities was studied. Efficiency was assessed using the MMSE scale, the Number Memory, Visual Memory Tests, and the method of finding numbers on Schulte Tables. It was found that the inclusion of low-level infrared laser radiation in a standard medical complex reduces the level of cognitive impairment by 2.3 times, increasing short-term memory by 1.6 times, attention by 2.2 times (p < 0.05). In the comparison group, the dynamics of these indicators is significantly lower. The inclusion of pulsed infrared low level laser therapy (LLLT) in the complex rehabilitation of patients with ACVA is a necessary link in neurorehabilitation measures as a method for compensating the impaired brain functions.


This study aims to analyze the economic efficiency of rice farming and to measure the contribution of rice farming to total household income and to analyze the living standard of farm households in Sambeng Kulon Village, Kembaran Sub-district, Banyumas Regency. The study was conducted in Sambeng Kulon Village, Kembaran Sub-district, Banyumas District. There were 71 farm households selected by stratified random sampling. The analysis used to calculate the economic efficiency of rice farming is R/C ratio. The contribution of paddy farming to farm household income is obtained by dividing the income earned from rice farming by the total household income multiplied by 100 percent. The living standard is measured by calculating the farm household income divided by the number of dependents in order to get percapita income. This figure is then compared to the regency's current decent living standard.
The results of this study indicate that 1) rice farming in Sambeng Kulon village with an area of ≤ 0.5 Ha has a smaller profit (IDR2.718.580) compared with respondents who have land area> 0.5 Ha (IDR7.892.904), 2) the average contribution of rice farming income to farm households with landholding of  ≤ 0.5 Ha (54,96 percent) is lower than the contribution of rice farming income obtained by respondents with landholding of > 0.5 Ha (77,43 percent), 3) the average income earned by respondents from rice farming (IDR1.624.961,00) is sufficient to meet the average household consumption of IDR 1,379,441.00, and 4) of 71 respondents in Sambeng Kulon Village, 63 respondents live below the decent living standard; after being added with nonfarm income, this figure decreased to 55 respondents. The implication of this research is that the respondents are expected to increase the landholding to increase income earned from rice farming or earn additional nonfarm income so that they can meet household consumption.


We present a wave-memory driven system that exhibits a macroscopic diffusive-like behavior emerging from a deterministic set of microscopic rules. This diffusive-like motion originates from a self-scattering process that the wave-particle coupling generates spontaneously. We show that the stochastic aspect of this self-scattering process derives from a Shil'nikov type chaos. The chaotic nature induces a bimodal statistics analogue to a run-and-tumble processes usually observed in living systems of much higher complexity. This is the first evidence of controlled and tunable diffusive-like motion of a single particle ruled by deterministic dynamics. We show that the resulting diffusive properties are determined by the duration of the evanescent wave-memory.


The European Union has proved to be unable to efficiently deal with the refugee
crisis that is devastating Middle East since 2011. The problem grew bigger in 2014 and
2015, when Syrian migrants illegally entered some frontier Member States, forcing the
European Union to introduce a new relocation mechanism that is far from being more
effective than previous solutions. To address this distributional problem, I resort to matching
theory, which provides some mechanisms that can improve the current policies. In this research
I use two well-known algorithms that are adjusted to allow for some specific characteristics of
the refugee crisis, the You Request My House - I Get Your Turn, which I studied in
previous research, and the Deferred Acceptance. Both mechanisms are faced against each
other in a pilot experiment that sheds some results supporting the use of the former algorithm.


Cucurbits are cultivated throughout India as popular vegetables. They are affected by a fairly large number of fungal, bacterial and virus diseases causing considerable losses in yield. The occurrence of five cucurbit viruses viz., bottlegourd mosaic virus (Vasudeva and Lal, 1943), Cucumis virus 2B (Capoor and Varma, 1948), Cucumis virus 2 C Vasudeva et al, 1949), watermelon mosaic virus (Bhargava and Joshi, 19(0) and cucumber mosaic virus (Reddy and Nariani, 1963) have been so far reported from India. This paper deals with the identity and mode of spread of two virus isolates on muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) and pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch) in Tamil Nadu.


Abstract Outward investments from Turkey have been rising rapidly since 2002, rendering it one of the large emerging market outward investors. This study aims to investigate the main drivers behind Turkish outward investments. This is done so by using a specific OLS method, empirically testing the importance of factors determining the multi-national Enterprises' (MNEs) investment strategies. The tests use official data covering the period of 2002–2011. Our findings indicate that market-seeking motive is an important factor driving Turkish Outward Foreign Direct Investments (OFDI) which is conditioned by the domestic economic conjunctures. We also find that as well as economic factors such as profit seeking, cultural proximity, bilateral trade agreements and natural resource endowments play important role in the geographical preferences of the Turkish MNEs. Finally, we document that Turkish OFDI has different motivations for EU and non-EU countries.


1. Some adult fish come up to the southern sea of Kyushu and near Amami Islands in the winter. 2. 89 larvae of the length 5.2-21.2mm were caught by the larva net in the southern sea of Kyushu. The distribution of the larvae was studied. It was made clear that these larvae were distributed up to far more southern than formerly thought. 3. The period of capture of the larvae is between January and May, the temperature of surface water was 19.5-23.4°C, and the southern limit of capture was at 25°-37° N.


Perceptions of students SMA Negeri Pesisir Tengah generally do not have an understanding of Integral Counseling Guidance. There are three groups of opinions in perceiving counseling guidance (BK), First, students who perceive that counseling guidance (BK) as a disciplinary supervisor of students against school rules besides other problems. Secondly, counseling guidance (BK) as an effort to assist students in handling problems, especially the problem of discipline of students to the discipline of school, and Third, students who understand the BK as a guiding student guide and guide students, to help students understand themselves and help solve problems faced by students to better, Including discipline. In general, students' understanding of Counseling Guidance is as a student security handling body. As for the principles that exist in the Counseling Guidance in the process of activity is not yet understood. Thus, in the student's program, the target of counseling service in the activity process has not been fulfilled. Thus in the student's understanding, the target of counseling services or students relating to Counseling and Guidance are students who have school problems.


We present a new oscillation criterion to determine whether the number of eigenvalues below the essential spectrum of a given Jacobi operator is finite or not. As a special case we obtain a generalization of Kenser's criterion for Sturm-Liouville operators to Jacobi operators.


The increase in energy consumption for cooling is a global problem, especially in hot regions, includingIndonesia. It happens because of wealth, population growth, climate, building designs, and electronicappliances. Focusing on Jakarta, Indonesia's capital city, louvres in 18 different dimensions andoverhangs in 2 different dimensions are simulated using Rhinoceros and Grasshopper with EnergyPlusto show their performance in reducing cooling energy. The design of the louvres is inspired by Japanesekoshi. L-shaped aluminium profiles are used as mini-louvres. These mini-louvres can be placed onthe outside surface of a glass window or can be attached to the window frame. The cost saving inelectricity is obtained from the resulting reduction in cooling energy consumption, which utilisesair-conditioning units that follow government regulations. The construction cost includes the price ofaluminium profiles and attachment elements. The results show that the horizontal koshi mini-louvresare environmentally beneficial as they reduce the annual cooling energy by around 7-18% on averagefor all orientations. Moreover, all the proposed horizontal koshi types attached to the window frame areeconomically beneficial since they can achieve a simple payback period of less than a year when used ina westerly orientation.


Variation of α-amylase isozymes in germinating seed of tetraploid wheat was investigated by disc-isoelectricfocusing. A total of 102 strains of Emmer group were classified into 13 types according to the zymogram pattern, while Timopheevi group was very meager in variation; only three zymogram types were detected in 55 strains. Genetic differentiation between Emmer and Timopheevi groups was discussed based on the percentage of polymorphic loci, gene diversity and genetic distance estimated from the data presented here and those of esterase isozymes previously reported by Nakai (1978).


A method for counting the doses absorbed from betaapplicators of P, Y, Pn, and Tl is described. The method is based on Levinger's formula. Tables and nomograms, which determine the value of doses absorbed at diverse depths of tissue by the specific activity and thickness of the applicator, are given. (P.C.H.)


The present invention relates to a coloring agent and / or bleaching keratin fibers, comprising (a) a composition (A) containing one or more agents basifying, and (b) an anhydrous composition (B) comprising peroxide hydrogen and / or one or more hydrogen peroxide generators, the composition (a) and / or the composition (B) comprising one or more fat-free carboxylic acid function and the total amount of fat-free carboxylic acid function after mixing the composition (A) and composition (B) being greater than 20% by weight. It also relates to a method for treating human keratin fibers from this coloring agent and / or discoloration. The invention likewise relates to a two-compartment device comprising in one compartment a composition (A) containing at least 25% of one or more fatty substances not containing carboxylic acid and an alkali agent and the other, an anhydrous composition (B) comprising hydrogen peroxide or a hydrogen peroxide generator.


The saccharification conditions of starch in camellia seed was discussed in this paper.The range of single factors of saccharification time and temperature,enzyme quantity and ratio of material to water were determined.The saccharification conditions were determined by single factor and orthogonal experiments with Dextrose Equivalent(DE) and the content of dextrose as indexes.The result showed that: the DE value and the content of dextrose reached 50.60% and 17.40% under the optimum conditions of saccharification temperature 55℃,the dose of saccharifying enzyme 3‰,the ratio of raw materials and water 1: 4.5 and saccharification time 180 min.


Reference Number: l16 Author Panchali Guha Title Going to scale: The challenge of expanding NGO impact in Indian primary education


Protein posttranslational modification (PTM) is a hallmark of signal transduction and it allows the cells to rapidly respond to extracellular signals. These modifications, which involve stable and sometimes irreversible additions of non-amino acid to primary translation products, occur in a large proportion of the cellular protein pool. This article focuses on important issues in PTM studies, such as need for protein modification, how proteins are modified, and basic tools for studying PTM.

Keywords:

protein posttranslational modification (PTM);
extracellular signals;
cellular protein pool;
signal transduction


The paper presents a study of cloudiness having the typical structure: the anticyclone curvature of the cloud's mass and a large quantity of cirrus clouds on the cloudiness' border. The integrated analysis of conventional and satellite data has shown that this cloudiness structure is observed in synoptic situations of warm air advection. This cloudiness was localized in the northerly and northwesterly periphery of the anticyclone, in the trough of the cyclone, or in the diffuse pressure field, generally presented as lines of instability in synoptic maps. Sometimes, as a result of the warm advection, it is observed frontogenesis, cyclogenesis or the regeneration of the old cyclone. The satellite data enables the discrimination of warm air advection regions earlier (24-48 h) than the synoptic maps.


This article examines the function of dystopia in Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale (1986). The study will mainly focus of the issues of women marginalization and political corruption by approaching the dystopia qualities in the novel. On the one hand, women marginalization is going to be identified be discussing the inferior position in society as depicted in the novel. This is because women are exploited for domestic drudgery. They lose their equality since there is no opportunity allowed for them to be as independent as men. On the other hand, the issue of political corruption will be explored to sustain the study's concern with novel's dystopian world. Accordingly, both women marginalization and political corruption will be elaborated as the dystopian peculiarities which contradict Atwood's style that seeks utopia society and a world that seems to be utterly corrupted. Therefore, postfeminism is going to be applied as the study's theoretical framework, where by women marginalization will be discussed in politically corrupted peripheries.


The β-D-galactosidase from Kluyveromyces fragilis was purified by medium-pressure liquid chromatography.The enzyme was purified about 42 fold with a yield of 27% total activity by successive HiprepR 16/10 Source30Q and Hioad26/60 Superdex medium-pressure liquid chromatography.When the purified enzyme samples were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE),single bands were observed for the enzyme samples,this suggested that the enzyme samples were almost pure.The molecular weight estimated for K.fragilis LFS-8611 β-D-galactosidase by sodium SDS-PAGE was 60 000.


This paper studies the railway timetable from a network science perspective. A multilayer model, consisting of different layers of trains, is proposed to describe the activities (i.e., arrival, departure, and pass through) within and among trains in the railway timetable as a railway timetable network (RTN). A new node centrality measure, called improved PageRank (i-PR), is introduced to determine the set of critical nodes which have a significant effect on the train delay caused by the disturbances in RTN. This measure will be higher when fewer time supplements in sections/stations or buffer time between trains. We analyze the performance of RTN by simulating the possible delay propagation under a FSFS (first-scheduled-firstserved) policy. The results provide an assessment of the delay in the railway system, which helps the railway dispatcher find the critical nodes in the timetable and improve the operation of the trains.


The aim of the study was to estimate the pre-, peri-, or postnatal origin of localized primary canine hypoplasia (LHPC) and determine the most common age of death of individuals with LHPC. We also evaluated the total defect formation time and determine the average value in the months ahead. The examined file was 31 non-adults in the necropolis of Great Moravia in Znojmo-Hradistě (9th and the first half of the 10th century), who had retained primary canines with LHPC. Results: 80.0% of individuals showed postnatal hypoplastic defect, 13.3% prenatal and 6.7% (n=1) displayed both postnatal and perinatal LHPC too. The incidence of localised hypoplasia was the same in the upper and lower teeth. In maxillary canines the incidence of postnatal hypoplasia was very high (90.9%), in the mandibular canines also significantly prevailed, but was slightly lower (81.8%). On average, therefore, the incidence of LHPC of postnatal origin was 86.4% for the examined canines. More than half of the examined individuals with LHPC died at the age of 2-5 years. Average time of formation of hypoplastic defects in the primary canines comes in our group at 4.9 months, which is comparable with literature data 5.2 months (Skinner 1986).


For the project in which this work was carried out, an optical and a magnetic measurement principle were combined on a single model vacuum switch in order to investigate the dynamics of rotating switching arcs in vacuum. Thus, the arc movement can be traced simultaneously both optically with a high-speed camera via viewing ports and via the magnetic field distribution with Hall sensors, whereby the measuring systems can verify and validate each other. The reliable description of the arc position is the purpose of this paper. The setup of the measuring system and the evaluation of the arc position from the magnetic and optical measurement data are described. Current breaking tests with peak values of 35 kA (50 Hz) were performed on RMFcontacts with different diameter. The position of the contracted arc is indicated as the rotation angle on the contact surface. Evaluation shows a good agreement between the two measurement methods with small angle deviations. The results qualify the magnetic measurement system as a valid method for arc rotation detection.


Information processing is the main issue of wireless sensor networks,which is attracting more and more attention recently.Based on modified Apriori algorithm,this paper proposes a novel node association rule mining algorithm for exploiting the inherent correlations between sensor readings.This approach can help users to manage data efficiently during aggregation,classification,prediction,query,understanding and decision-making.The simulation results show that the proposed method can reduce computation and communication energy in information processing effectively,shorten data query response time and then prolong the network lifetime.


Lectins are known for their ability to agglutinate erythrocytes
in vitro. Plant and animal pathogens use these
protein-carbohydrate interactions in their strategy for host
recognition and invasion. Burkholderia cenocepacia is a
Gram-negative bacterium that can be found throughout the
environment.Four genes coding protein homologues to the lectin
PA-IIL from Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been found in the
genome of B. cenocepacia. One of them, BclC, is a 28 kDa
protein. Further sequence analysis showed two distinct domains
in the protein structure. The C-terminal part coding lectin
domain shows partial homology to the PA-IIL lectin, as
mentioned above, and the N-terminal part is unknown. Both
domains were also cloned separately. The results indicated the
unusual binding activity of the protein. The C-terminal domain
recognizes D-mannosylated saccharides with high affinity.
Interestingly, the N-terminal domain also displays
sugar-binding activity with a strong preference for
L-fucosylated oligosaccharides, the Lewis type determinants.


Simulations with the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Climate Model version 3 (CCM3) detail the impacts of Antarctic clouds and radiative processes on the global climate. Current global climate models (GCMs) contain little to account for the unique meteorology and atmospheric physics over Antarctica. Unfortunately, over the Southern Ocean and Antarctica, many GCM simulations of present day climate still contain large errors in the meteorological fields and the radiation balance. The model CCM3 contains a single set of parameterizations for liquid water and ice clouds that is applied globally. The Antarctic continent may be a place where these global parameterizations need to be refined at their cold and dry limits. Clouds are generally thinner over Antarctica due to the lower water vapor amounts. In addition, the Antarctic troposphere is the cleanest on earth, being far from continental aerosol sources. Lubin et al (1998) show that a change from liquid water clouds to ice clouds over Antarctica modifies the solar and longwave radiation resulting in dramatic changes in Southern Hemisphere climate and even changes in Northern Hemisphere climate.


The McLeod Road–Birch Lake thrust panel2, comprising mafic and felsic volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks in the hangingwall of the McLeod Road thrust, is host to a series of structurally controlled gold deposits. Detailed structural analysis was performed at two sites along this thrust fault, where fabrics in the Burntwood group (1.84 Ga) could be compared with those in the overlying volcanic rocks of the McLeod Road–Birch Lake thrust panel (1.89 Ga). At least two generations of fabric have been recognized from overprinting relationships in the field, and are provisionally interpreted to represent increments of a single progressive deformation, which likely corresponds to the regional D1 deformation event. These newly recognized deformation increments will assist in redefining the sequence of deformation in the thrust panel and will lead to an improved understanding of the relative timing of gold mineralization.


A system and a method for determining an estimated battery parameter vector are provided to enhance accuracy of the determination of the battery parameter vector on batteries having non-linear operational characteristics. First plural predicted battery parameter vectors for representing uncertainty of parameters of a battery and the parameter of the battery are determined during a first time. A battery state vector having at least one value for representing a battery state is determined during the first time(62). Second plural predicted battery parameter vectors for representing uncertainty of output parameters of the battery and at least one parameter of the battery are determined based on the first plural predicted battery parameter vectors and the battery state vector. A first battery output vector having at least one measurement value of the battery output parameter obtained during the first time is determined(64). A first predicted battery parameter vector for representing the parameter of the battery during the first time is determined based on the first plural predicted battery parameter vectors, the second plural predicted battery parameter vectors, and the first battery output vector.


Bacon and Stewart (2016) argue that assurance of learning efforts in most business schools are largely futile—a stance held by many faculty members, for a variety of reasons. The authors provide detailed evidence that most schools' data collection efforts for assessment, particularly in graduate or niche programs, will suffer from insufficient statistical power due to small student numbers. They propose that business schools seek an alternative approach for conducting learning assessment that encourages a deep dive into existing pedagogical research and, depending on program size, employ qualitative methods in assessment of student learning.


Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate postoperative pain following endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and identify risk factors for increased pain. Methods: Patients undergoing either segmental RFA (VNUS Closure Fast TM, VNUS Medical Technologies, San Jose, California) or EVLA (980 nm) for varicose veins completed a preoperative disease-specific quality-of-life questionnaire (Aberdeen Varicose Vein Questionnaire [AVVQ]) and a diary card recording postoperative pain, return to normal activities, and return to work. Median 3- and 10-day pain scores were calculated. Results: In all, 81 patients returned diary cards (RFA = 45, EVLA = 36). Patients receiving RFA reported less postoperative pain than those receiving EVLA at 3 days (14.5 vs 25.8 mm, P = .053, Mann-Whitney U test) and 10 days (13 vs 23.3 mm, P = .014, Mann-Whitney U test) and returned to work earlier than those receiving EVLA (median 5 vs 9 days, P = .022). Conclusions: Patients treated with segmental RFA had less postoperative pain and returned to work quicker than those treated with EVLA.


The involvement of mast cells on the generation of Th2 responses has been suggested; however, it is still unclear whether mast cells are critical for the degranulation‐induced shift from Th1 to Th2 responses. We hypothesize that mast cell degranulation would influence the Th1/Th2 balance in vivo and that this effect will not be observed in mice lacking mast cells. In this study, we show that when ovalbumin (OVA)‐specific CD4+ T cells adoptively transferred into normal mice are challenged with OVA in the presence of degranulation stimulus, these T cells proliferate in response to OVA but exhibit decreased IFNγ and increased IL‐4 production compared to control T cells primed in the absence of degranulation stimulus. In addition, when OVA‐specific CD4+ T cells are adoptively transferred into mast cell‐deficient mice and are challenged with OVA in the presence of degranulation stimulus, the decrease in IFNγ and increase in IL‐4 production are not observed. Moreover, when mast cell‐deficient mice are reconstituted with bone marrow‐derived mast cells, the adoptively transferred OVA‐specific CD4+ T cells proliferate in response to OVA and exhibit decreased IFNγ and increased IL‐4 production in the presence of degranulation stimulus as observed in normal mice. Altogether, these findings suggest that mast cells are essential for the degranulation‐induced shift from Th1 to Th2 responses.


The Harmoniously Matched Layers (HML) were introduced by Halpern et al. in 2011 [2] for general hyperbolic operators. This method is based on an extrapolation of solutions using first-order layers. For constant coefficient problems, its numerical performances are comparable to those of Bérenger's PML [1], while preserving the strong well-posedness of the hyperbolic system. In homogeneous media, the PML are nonreflecting and absorbing. This is no longer true in heterogeneous media. In that case, other methods may become more attractive. Numerical experiments involving the propagation of 2D acoustic waves in an inhomogeneous medium show smaller amplitude reflections at the interface for the HML.


In the course of this project we have developed a set of programs to improve the correction and execution time of the gem5 simulator. For this, we moved the functional simulation step out of gem5 into an independent instrumented process to ensure correction in the functional stage and to provide a good execution speed (since the code will then be natively executed). This instrumentation is done by Pin. Also, in order to allow efficient communication between the processes despite the limitations imposed by Pin to the available tools, an IPC framework to allow message passing between the processes was developed. This framework uses lockless fifo queues over shared memory so the resulting slowdown is minimal.


This study analyses a situation when a geological fault contains a section of anisotropic gouge with inclined symmetry axes (e.g. inclined layering), Bafekrpour et al. [1]. Such gouge in a constrained environment induces, under compression, asymmetric friction (different friction forces resisting sliding in the opposite directions). The rest of the gouge produces conventional symmetric friction. A mass-spring model of the gouge with asymmetric and symmetric friction sections is proposed consisting of a mass with asymmetric friction connected through a spring to another mass with symmetric friction. These masses are set on a base subjected to vibration. A parametric analysis is performed on this system. Two distinct characteristic regimes were observed: recurrent movement resembling stick-slip motion similar to predicted by [2] and sub-frictional movement. Recurrent movement arises when the inertial force is sufficient to overcome frictional force of a block with symmetric friction. Sub-frictional movement occurs when the inertial force is not sufficient to overcome frictional force of an equivalent system with only symmetric friction. The sub-frictional movement is produced by the force in the connecting spring increased due to the movement of the asymmetric friction block in the direction characterised by low friction. We formulate the criterion at which sub-frictional movement occurs. The occurrence of sub-frictional depends upon the relative mass of the symmetric and asymmetric friction sections, as well as the amplitude and driving frequency of the excitation. Power spectra of the produced vibrations are determined for both regimes. The results can shed light on mechanisms of sliding over preexisting discontinuities and their effect on seismic event generation and propagation of hydraulic fractures in the presence of discontinuities.


The BMA and Royal College of Physicians (RCP) have recently reported on end of life care.1 2 They call for changes to end of life care,1 but also report steady progress in the recognition of patients who are dying and in the amount and quality of communication with patients who are …


The Xiaseling tungsten deposit is the largest discovered quartz-veined tungsten deposit in Zhejiang Province,which is closely related to Xiaseling Granite.The geochronological study on this granite has been very limited in previous studies.Fresh granite samples were collected from the Xiaseling tungsten deposit.The relationship between Xiaseling Granite and mineralization is discussed by mineralogy and geochemical characteristics of the rocks.The in-situ zircon U-Pb dating was performed with Laser Ablation-Multicollector Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry(LA-MC-ICPMS) with higher accuracy and greater reliability than previously achieved.Our result indicates that the weighted average 206Pb/238U ages for zircons from the Xiaseling granite is(126.9±1.7) Ma,suggesting the granite was intruded in the early stage of the late Yenshanian Period of the early Cretaceous era.Together with regional prospecting findings,it is also important for ore exploration work in this area.


The objective of this work was to analyze the rating scale load-Tactical Technical (Coque, 2009) Training and Its Relationship with internal load parameters. Currently, a planning model characterized by concern to improve the interpretation that the subject does what happens around them during the competition (Martin Steel, Seirul-lo Vargas, Lake Penas, and Novoa Lalin arises, 2013), to modify the response and in turn, the drive scheme. The study involved the players formed Women's League team Basketball Club Conquero, composed of 12 players, aged between 17 and 33 years (M = 21.91, SD = 4.81). Data were collected during the last two months of competition in February and March. Par obtain the data necessary the following scales of subjective assessment of the burden of technical and tactical training (Coque, 2009), perceived exertion (Borg, 1970; 1998; Borg & Kaijser,2006) and quality of recovery (Kentta & Hassmen, 1998) were used. The results showed that only the density of training is the only marker that could explain significantly (91.4%) perceived effort of the players. According to data from the perceived exertion, it could be used for monitoring training regarding technical and tactical complexity.


Social isolation is a major health problem that has not received enough attention. The AARP Foundation recently reported that social isolation is a growing epidemic in America affecting over eight million older adults (AARP Foundation, 2016). Social isolation has been linked with a wide array of health problems, including cognitive impairment, poor self-rated health, neglect of desired health practices, ability to survive a natural disaster, and also mortality (Berkman, 2009; Crooks, Lubben, Petitti, Little, & Chiu, 2008; Eng, Rimm, Fitzmaurice, & Kawachi, 2002; Ertel, Glymour, & Berkman, 2008; Holt-Lunstad, Smith, & Layton, 2010; Lubben et al., 2006; Pantell et al., 2013; Pekovic, Seff, & Rothman, 2007; Schnittger, Wherton, Prendergast, & Lawlor, 2012; Zhang, Norris, Gregg, & Beckles, 2007). It has been suggested that social isolation is as bad for one's health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day (Holt-Lunstad et al., 2010; Holt-Lunstad, Smith, Baker, Harris, & Stephenson, 2015).


A fabrication method of homogeneous (Sm/sub 0.5/Y/sub 0.5/)Ba/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta// superconductor substituting Y with Sm has been developed using a zone melting process. A sample prepared by this method showed well textured microstructure and (Sm/sub 0.5/Y/sub 0.5/)/sub 2/BaCuO/sub 5/ particles were uniformly dispersed in large (Sm/sub 0.5/Y/sub 0.5/)Ba/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta// grain. The sample showed a sharp superconducting transition at 90.3 K. The magnetization measurements of the (Sm/sub 0.5/Y/sub 0.5/)Ba/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta// sample exhibited enhanced flux pinning compared with YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta// samples without Sm. Critical current densities of (Sm/sub 0.5/Y/sub 0.5/)Ba/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-/spl delta// were 1.8/spl times/10/sup 4/ A/cm/sup 2/ at 10 kOe and 77 K.


I am in complete accord with this paper. I feel, however, that some additional suggestions are desirable concerning the mechanics of delivery of an orally presented paper.


In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic imposed countries to apply stringent policies to slow down the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. During the Spring time, most countries had announced a national lockdown that had important consequences on many capital cities such as Mexico City and Paris. The shutdown of many of these economic activities had a direct impact on the traffic sector. Travel restrictions led to a drastic decrease of major air pollutants in those two cities. From each local air quality monitoring network, we discriminated background, urban and traffic sites. By looking at the differences between urban sites versus background sites, we observed in Mexico City a decrease of 51%, 58 % and 44 % for ΔNOx, ΔCO2 and ΔCO concentrations, respectively, during the lockdown. Markedly, their concentrations remained below typical levels after the end of the lockdown until September. Then, from September to the end of the year, the pollutants concentrations increased back to the same level as before the lockdown. The same behavior was seen at Paris. During the spring lockdown period, we observed a decrease of 72 %, 70 % and 88 % for ΔNOx, ΔCO2 and ΔCO concentrations, respectively. Until the end of the summer, the concentrations of those pollutants remained at the same level as during the lockdown. From September, we observed an increase of pollutants concentrations to the levels of previous years.

Despite road traffic increases by the end of the lockdown in both megacities, the remainly low concentrations seen for those pollutants until September might be an effect of the atmospheric dispersion combined with a slow reactivation of anthropogenic activities. Nevertheless, a second lockdown period imposed in France (from Oct. 30 to Dec. 15) have clearly not shown the same impact on pollutant concentrations as the first one exhibited. On the contrary, no significant changes in pollutant concentrations were observed during the second lockdown, and moreover, peaks of ΔNOx, ΔCO2 and ΔCO concentrations were seen during the last weekends of the lockdown of up to 32 % of increase, compared to the weekday-level during the 2nd lockdown. This can be explained by less stringent travel restrictions combined with pre-Christmas preparations in Paris.


In current day wireless communication has become the most popular communication. Because of this growing demand on wireless applications has put a lot of constraints on the available radio spectrum which is incomplete and expensive. In permanent spectrum assignments there are many frequencies that are not being accurately used. So cognitive radio helps us to use these idle frequency bands which are also called as "White Spaces". This is an exceptional approach to improve exploitation of radio electromagnetic spectrum. In Establishing the cognitive radio there are four important methods. In this paper we are going to discuss about the first and most important method to implement cognitive radio i.e., "spectrum sensing". The challenges, issues and techniques that are involved in spectrum sensing will discussed in detail. Keywords— Spectrum Sensing, Cognitive Radio, Energy Detection and Matched Filter Detection.


In this article, we prove some subsets of the set of natural numbers $\mathbb{N}$ and any non-zero ideals of an order of imaginary quadratic fields are fractionally dense in $\mathbb{R}_{>0}$ and $\mathbb{C}$ respectively.


Niche breadth varies with competitive pressure. When most of the pressure experienced by a species is from a single close competitor, its niche tends to be broader in the absence than in the presence of the competitor. When 'diffuse competition' (the combined effects of numerous more distant competitors) is more significant, the niche tends to be broader on islands with few than with many species. We summarize all known examples of such niche shifts for New Hebridean birds, based on comparing conspecific populations on different New Hebridean islands or New Hebridean populations with those in another archipelago. The commonest niche shifts are spatial ones affecting type of habitat, altitude or vertical foraging range. Other shifts affect size and number of islands inhabited: shifts from small to large islands and shifts in 'incidence'. The remaining types of shifts are in diet and in abundance. We conclude that competition is the proximate cause of distributional limits for most New Hebridean species. We hypothesize that rapid behavioural responses of colonists to altered competition mainly affect spatial parameters of niches. Subsequent slower genetic changes modify foraging technique and diet and may produce shifts into forest and montane forest according to so-called taxon cycles. Further work is needed to test directly this proposed sequence of behavioural and genetic changes in colonists and to compare the importance of interspecific aggression and depletion of resources as proximate mechanisms of competitive exclusion.


Hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type IIC (HMSN IIC) is an autosomal dominant axonal neuropathy. The cardinal features include distal muscle wasting and weakness, vocal cord paralysis, and mild sensory impairment. Recently, HMSN IIC locus was mapped to chromosome 12q23‐24. Two families affected by HMSN IIC were identified and evaluated for linkage to this region. Segregation analysis in both families was consistent with linkage to chromosome 12q23‐24. Combined analysis generated a multipoint LOD score of 2.1 at marker D12S1583 and refined the HMSN IIC gene interval to The clinical and molecular findings are discussed.Ann Neurol 2005;57:293–297


A curtain wall panel (1) comprises a metal sheet (3) attached to a metal frame body (2) on the outdoor side, a plurality of furring strips (8) made of steel and mounted to said metal sheet (3) on the outdoor side, and a plurality of exterior finish panels (4) made of stone, tile, glass or the like and mounted to said furring strips (8) on the outdoor side. The panel is attached top and bottom to a building framework 11 by brackets 15, 26 which permit adjustment. Fasteners 23, 27, 18, engage in over-size holes with resilient washers to allow for possible seismic movement. The brackets are also deformable. Sheet 3 may be coated with a fire-proof material.


This article describes the performance of financial security, the authors clarified the definition of financial security in the region. The authors have developed methodological tools for diagnosis the financial security of the region, in which lies indicative method of analysis is laid. This paper provides estimates of the forecast and the state of the financial security of the Sverdlovsk region


The Emergence of a Black Catholic Community. St. Augustine's in Washington. By Morris J. MacGregor. (Washington, D.C.: The Catholic University of America Press. 1999. Pp. xiii, 543. $39.95 clothbound; $24.95 paperback.) This is how parish history should be written: with an eye to the big picture! In this substantial volume, Morris J. MacGregor, drawing on rich archival sources, newspapers, and oral interviews, gracefully recounts the. story of St.Augustine's Parish, the mother church of black Catholics in the nation's capital and historically one of the most prominent black congregations in the city Expanding on recent scholarship on African American Catholics and the urban encounter between Catholicism and race, MacGregor skillfully contextualizes this particular case study of a black Catholic community in microcosm, consistently tying developments at St. Augustine's to the larger racial currents swirling through the city, nation, and church. In the process, MacGregor paints a wonderful, variegated social portrait of black Catholic Washingtonians from 1864 through the 1980's. The author argues that for fourteen decades the determined pastors, priests, and people of St. Augustine's parish, despite adversity and formidable challenges (including almost constant debt),succeeded in creating and sustaining a vibrant African American Catholic community-one known for its social activism, rich associational life, evangelization, hospitality, devotion to education, and outstanding liturgical music. Limitations of space prevent more than a cursory sampling of this book and its themes. The founding families of St. Augustine's were free people of color prior to the Civil War and traced their Catholicism back to colonial times in rural Maryland. Indeed, middle-class respectability and the social divisions that sometimes existed between "aristocrats of color"and lower-class blacks would characterize St. Augustine's throughout much of its history. The desire of black Catholics in Washington to educate their children and to worship free from discrimination led to the construction of St. Martin's chapel and school (the forerunners of St. Augustine's). Organizers scored a financial coup when they persuaded President Lincoln to allow them to hold a fair on the grounds of the White House in 1864 as a fundraiser. The congregation quickly outgrew the small chapel, thanks in part to its extraordinary classical choir, which attracted blacks and whites from throughout the city and whose concerts would more than once rescue the parish financially. In 1876 the congregation moved into an imposing new brick structure on Fifteenth Street, which was placed under the patronage of St. Augustine. The energy and vigor of St. Augustine's during the late nineteenth mid early twentieth century what with its fairs, parochial school, choir, and numerous parish societies fairly leap off MacGregor's crisply written pages. St. Augustine's parishioners and their supportive white pastors hosted and played crucial roles in the Black Catholic Congress movement between 1889 and 1895 at the same time that their co-religionists in New Orleans were also challenging church and state over issues of racial discrimination. …


The synthesis of protoporphyrins III and XIII as the dimethyl esters has been completed by an oxidative cyclization of biladiene-ac intermediates. Protoporphyrin III has been converted into deuteroporphyrin III and measurements of the proton coupling constant in the allylic unit, CH3-C=C-H, of this latter porphyrin point to the double bond of this system having a significantly diminished bond order. This finding is in accord with the view that the π-electron delocalization pathway in the porphyrin macrocycle involves the periphery of the molecule.


In terms of algorithmic problem of criterion limit of monitoring point under the effect of multi-electromagnetic radiation pollution sources in the spatial field, we put up a formula of criterion limit of monitoring point based on distance factor algorithm. The algorithm not only can solve the computations of criterion limits of monitoring point at certain time under the effect of multi-electromagnetic radiation pollution sources, but can compute the criterion limits of all monitoring points at any time,which has important instructions for working out electromagnetic environment criterion.