Hyperfine coupling constants for a wide range of radicals of type ·PL3(related to ·PO32–) and ·PL4(related to ·PO4–+) are reviewed, and trends as L is varied are displayed and discussed. From these correlations it is concluded that a radical formed by exposure of rigid solutions of phosphoric acid in sulphuric acid to γ-rays is ·P(OH)3+ rather than ·P(OH)4, whilst that formed from similar solutions of arsenic acid is ·As(OH)4 rather than ·As(OH)3+. Also, two new radicals formed from trimethyl phosphate are shown to be (MeO)3ṖO– and (MeO)2ṖO. Two radicals whose properties appear to be anomalous in terms of these correlations are ·PO44– and ·PH4. Possible reasons for these anomalies are considered.


The study and applications of ferroelectric materials in the biomedical and biotechnological fields is a novel and very promising scientific area that spans roughly one decade. However, some groups have already provided experimental proof of very interesting biological modulation when living systems are exposed to different ferroelectrics and excitation mechanisms. These materials should offer several advantages in the field of bioelectricity, such as no need of an external electric power source or circuits, scalable size of the electroactive regions, flexible and reconfigurable "virtual electrodes," or fully proved biocompatibility. In this focused review, we provide the underlying physics of ferroelectric activity and a recount of the research reports already published, along with some tentative biophysical mechanisms that can explain the observed results. More specifically, we focus on the biological actions of domain ferroelectrics and ferroelectrics excited by the bulk photovoltaic effect or the pyroelectric effect. It is our goal to provide a comprehensive account of the published material so far and to set the stage for a vigorous expansion of the field, with envisioned applications that span from cell biology and signaling to cell and tissue regeneration, antitumoral action, or cell bioengineering to name a few.


The article introduces the problem of evaluation and conditions of preparing future practicing psychologists for the resolution of atypical situations in their professional activities. The situations that, due to both external and internal factors, a specialist may not be able to resolve through usual means is presented as atypical


The utility model discloses a superfine crusher of an internal-grading loosening type, which is composed of a superfine crushing device of an internal-grading cylindrical pin type and a superfine crushing device of an internal-grading vortex type, and the superfine crusher is provided with an impact-type crushing disk, a flow dividing ring, a cage-type grading wheel, a vortex vane and a grading rotating vane from bottom to top. The utility model is suitable for the superfine crushing of various non-metallic minerals of which the particle size is 5 to 15 mum, and has the characteristics of stable operation, high efficiency and low power consumption.


Purpose
Drones are used in several purposes including examining areas, mapping surroundings and rescue mission operations. During these tasks, they could encounter compound surroundings having multiple obstacles, acute edges and deadlocks. The purpose of this paper is to propose an obstacle dodging technique required to move the drones autonomously and generate the obstacle's map of an unknown place dynamically.

Design/methodology/approach
Therefore, an obstacle dodging technique is essentially required to move autonomously. The automaton of drones requires complicated vision sensors and a high computing force. During this research, a methodology that uses two basic ultrasonic-oriented proximity sensors placed at the center of the drone and applies neural control using synaptic plasticity for dynamic obstacle avoidance is proposed. The two-neuron intermittent system has been established by neural control. The synaptic plasticity is used to find turning angles from different viewpoints with immediate remembrance, so it helps in decision-making for a drone. Hence, the automaton will be able to travel around and modify its angle of turning for escaping objects during the route in unknown surroundings with narrow junctions and dead ends. Furthermore, wherever an obstacle is detected during the route, the coordinate information is communicated using RESTful Web service to an android app and an obstacle map is generated according to the information sent by the drone. In this research, the drone is successfully designed and automated and an obstacle map using the V-REP simulation environment is generated.

Findings
Simulation results show that the drone effectively moves and turns around the obstacles and the experiment of using web services with the drone is also successful in generating the obstacle's map dynamically.

Originality/value
The obstacle map generated by autonomous drone is useful in many applications such as examining fields, mapping surroundings and rescue mission operations.


A convocation of freshmen men it called for twelve ( 1 2 ) o'clock Wednesday, March 4 ( today) , in the Men's Gymnasium, at which matters of great importance td> them will be considered. AU freshman men are excused from classes at this hour. W. M, W. SPLAWN. President. © H e m i n A convocation of freshmen men is called for twelve (1 2) o'clock Wednesday, March 4 ( today), in the Men's Gymnasium, at which matters of great importance to them will be considered. All freshman men are excused from classes at this hour. W. M. W. SPLAWN, President.


1 Senior Resident, Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, A.I.I.M.S, Patna, Bihar 2 Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, Pt. B.D Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana 3 Professor, Department of Radio-diagnosis, Pt. B.D Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana 4 Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, A.I.I.M.S, Patna, Bihar *Corresponding Author Dr Avinash Kumar Senior Resident, Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, A.I.I.M.S, Patna, Bihar, India Abstract Now a day, determination of age and sex of skeleton remains or of advanced decomposed body is an important task for the Forensic Expert to help in the investigation of concern case. It may arise in case of homicide, fire, explosion or mass disasters such as flood, earthquake, railway or aircraft accidents, etc. for determination of identity. In developing countries like India, because of illiteracy, ignorance regarding the age proof is much more. importance of official records like birth and death, vast majority of population fail to give information of such vital events to the appropriate authorities entitled with these jobs. This causes paucity in such information when needed in a medico legal case. Sternum as a single bone can be used for age determination in young adult, middle age and old persons. The present study has been conducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine and Radiology, Pt. B. D Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (PGIMS), Rohtak, with an attempt to study the mesosternum of sternum in the purview of existing parameters of the determination of age. It includes a study of fusion of sternebrae with each other in relation to age. A total of 200 Sternums of known age and sex (100 males and 100 females) of aged group 10-35 years, were collected from identified dead bodies that were brought to the Department of Forensic Medicine for post-mortem examination. The study was conducted by gross and radiological methods and finding were correlated by statistical methods. The study showed that the fusion of sternebrae of mesosternum occurs between 15-25 years, from below upward.


Pulmonary tuberculosis (pulmonary TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which most commonly occurs in the lungs but may infect any part of the body. There were 31 pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Gondanglegi Health Center in 2012 and 31 patients in 2013, there were 27 patients with positive AFB in 2012 and 24 patients in 2013. The total number of patients from January to June 2014 were 10 patients. The prevalence of pulmonary TB was found to 103 per 10.000 population with 48% of case detection rate (CDR) in 2013. The purpose of this study is to determine  the relationship between the quality of home physical environment and health behavior with pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in a work area of Gondanglegi health center Gondanglegi subdistrict Malang regency. This research is an Analytical Observational study that use Case Control study. The study population was 70 people, consisted of 35 case population (pulmonary TB sufferers which was recorded on Gondanglegi Health Center's book from January 2013 to February 2014) and 35 control population (people lived near the sufferers' home). 60 samples consisted of 30 case samples (Positive AFB) and 30 control samples (negative AFB) using Purposive Sampling method. Data analysis used  Chi-Square test with 95% confidence interval. The result showed that variables related to pulmonary TB incidence were ventilation (p=0,0001; OR = 15,167; 95% CI = 4,09 – 56,248), home humidity (p=0,002; OR = 6,417; 95% CI = 2,084 – 19,755), light intensity (p=0,0001; OR = 26,000; 95% CI = 6,532 – 103,498), and smoking habits (p=0,0001; OR = 16,429; 95% CI = 4,569 – 56,073). In other hand, unrelated variables consisted of floors types (=0,595; OR = 1,529; 95% CI= 0,536 - 4,361), walls types (p=1,000; OR = 0,857; 95% CI = 0,288 - 2,547), residential density (p=1,000; OR = 0,8; 95% CI = 0,215 – 2,972), and temperature (p=0,531; OR = 1,818; 95% CI = 0,518 – 6,382). The conclusion of this study, there is relationship between ventilation, home humidity, light intensity and smoking habits with pulmonary TB .


Faced with a mismatch between demand and resources, Emergency Department (ED) administrators and staff need to gauge the impacts of staff decision processes in lieu of increasing resource levels. In this paper we present REDSim, a spatial agent-based simulation framework for studying emergency departments. REDSim focuses on quantifying the impacts of staff decision processes, such as patient selection, on the length of stay, waiting and boarding times, and other variables. We show REDSim's effectiveness by comparing four patient selection strategies: longest waiting, shortest distance, random, and highest acuity. REDSim showed that although patient length of stay is not significantly reduced (1.4%) the throughput increases 17% when providers select the closest instead of the highest acuity patient for the next task.


The purpose of this paper is to describe the development and current status of the LIS project with emphasis on the systems that manage and monitor access to the database.


Two MODIS instruments on board the Terra and Aqua Satellites are operational for global remote sensing of the land, ocean and atmosphere. Atmospheric sounding data with a high spatial resolution from MODIS will provide a wealth of useful information. The vertical air temperature and moisture data were retrieved using the MODIS data, and compared with the radiosonde data obtained in the Korean Peninsula. The correlation coefficients are 0.99 and 0.89 for air temperature and moisture cases, respectively. Air temperature data were relatively good agreement, but the moisture data from MODIS were underestimated


The study aimed to eliminate Prunus necrotic ring spot virus (PNRSV) from 'Earliblue' plum shoots by thermotherapy in vitro using several temperature regimes (38°C/36°C, 38°C/36°C + 35°C/35°C, 37°C/36°C) and treatment duration (10 to 29 days). The media used for therapy based on modified Murashige and Skoog (1962) and Lloyd and McCown (1980) media. Presence of virus in plant tissue before and lack of virus after heat treatment was proved by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The higher percentage of 'Earliblue' shoots survival was obtained on media with decreased minerals content, at lower temperature and shorter length of therapy, and at higher light intensity. Except from one combinations, 100% of shoots tested were freed of the virus.


The authors analyzed the conditions and procedures for applying the economic-mathematical model at various stages of the generation and implementation of innovations. In their opinion, in order to gain a leading position in world markets and the countiy's development, it is necessaiy to have priority rights to create advanced technologies that hmit leading countries in order to avoid competition. They protect the domestic markets, downloading their own products, while actively fighting for the external, which includes a potentially capacious market in Kazakhstan. However, the activation of innovation activity directly depends on the growth of competitiveness, due to the fact that the creation of innovative products, the introduction of new technologies, the expansion of the range of products with improved consumer properties lead to the ability to compete with foreign products, both on the domestic and extemal markets.


The Hardball Manifesto is straightforward and powerful. First, companies are obligated to compete--if you are not trying to beat your competitors, they are trying to beat you. Second, the goal of management is to create unassailable advantage--advantage so great that competitors retreat or are displaced. However, achieving unassailable advantage forces your competitors to find new ways to compete and in so doing, they may set in motion your own demise. When Michael Dell entered PCs in competition with Compaq, IBM and Hewlett-Packard, he faced what appeared to be unassailable competitors. Dell changed the model of the industry with direct-to-consumer sales and an advantaged supply chain to maneuver around the competitive advantages of his opponents. Today, Dell is the company seen to have an unassailable advantage; its competitors are being forced out of the PC business or into finding new ways to compete with it. And they will. Seeking and achieving competitive advantage is a never-ending challenge! Finally, the goal of creating unassailable advantage does not include putting competitors out of business. Opponents are best weakened and on "life-support." Hurting competitors are great competitors. Their service is lousy, their products are out of date, and their costs are high. You can price against them and make a lot of money. Hardball Innovators Today, very significant strategy dislocations caused by globalization, innovation, technology, convergence, and more, are forcing companies to either find new strategies to create unassailable advantage or have such advantage imposed on them. In this world, companies must be hardball innovators. The auto industry illustrates the extreme challenges from hardball innovators. GM, for instance, is "against the ropes," in a state of agony for the entire world to see. In Business Week (May 9, 2005), Tom Kowaleski, GM's head of investor relations, said, "Would you [GM] like to have as much to spend as Toyota spends? Yeah. Do we? No. So we have to be smarter." A lot smarter! Business Week estimates that Toyota spends $14 billion a year on new product development. GM spends $8 billion. Toyota matches GM product for product, offers a fresher product portfolio and has vehicles that GM does not. Hardball innovation is, above all, about management discipline. The first tenet of discipline is that competitors really matter. You must set the pace of innovation in your industry or a competitor will. The second tenet is that fast, new-product realization is a systematic phenomenon. A lot must be done right and done simultaneously. Third, there are patterns of extreme discipline management in successful new product realization. Let's now examine some examples that demonstrate the power of these tenets Competitors Matter The data in Figure 1 show new-product competition in a consumer electronics category between Matsushita and a well-known Western company that I shall call "Westco." Japanese, Hong Kong and Taiwanese competitors in a wide variety of industries--not just consumer electronics--consistently play hardball innovation with Western competitors. Only in the last decade have more and more Western companies closed the gaps opened by hardball innovators. [FIGURE 1 OMITTED] In this example, Westco is losing on the innovation front. Matsushita has 21 percent of the market for telephone handsets, about twice that of Westco. In Figure 1, the number of products introduced and the length of time these products are kept on the market are shown as a function of time, as measured by consumer electronics shows in the United States. Matsushita offers far more new products per show and keeps its products on the market for a shorter period than does Westco. Matsushita controls the pace of innovation in this category; Westco is forced to reduce the prices of its products to attract customers in the face of Matsushita's fresher product offering. …


Regional geologic settings of sandstone ̄type uranium deposits in Japan are firstly analyzed. The regional tectonic evolution characteristics of "Green tuff region" and "Non green tuff region" and their relationship with uranium mineralization are elaborated in depth. Based on those mentioned above, the uranium sources of sandstone ̄type uranium deposits in Japan are discussed deeply and the most favorable uranium sources are considered to come from the basement and the surrounding granites. Their intrusive epochs range from Later Cretaceous to Palaeogene (about 60 to 70 Ma ago). The characteristics of ore ̄bearing host rocks, matter compositions of the deposits, ore formation enrichment factors, the hydrogeologic conditions and so on are described by taking Ningyo ̄Toge and Tono deposits as examples. Finally, the prospecting measures for the palaeo ̄channel sandstone ̄type uranium deposits (basal type) are reviewed.


We studied excitation spectra of uranine fluorescence in eluates from charcoal traps saturated in cave waters and in reference uranine solutions and found that the most appropriate excitation wavelength is 295±5 nm, because it excites fluorescence of uranine many times stronger than fluorescence of natural fluorescent compounds in groundwater. This allows us to lower the detection limit of uranine fluorescence with one order of magnitude, even below the level of natural fluorescence of karst waters at integral UV excitation.


According to Tricot et a1 (1987) intensive induction and consolidation therapy in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) < 30 years can offer a 75% 2-year survival with only 5% of the patients relapsing. In patients 2 30 years, the remission rate and the relapse rate were 60% and 50% respectively. From February 1983 to December 1984 we treated 48 AML patients with the same protocol except for two points: M 3 patients had the same therapy as other patients, and for the three last consolidation courses patients were randomly assigned to either high dose cytarabine or to two courses of mAMSA-VP16 213, with between these two courses one course of daunorubicin (DNK) and cytarabine (Ara C). For the DNK-Ara C course, the dosage was identical to the first consolidation course. mAMSA. 120 mg/m2 in patients < hO years, and 90 mg/m2 in patients 2 6 0 years, was given for 5 consecutive days. The dose of VP16 2 1 3 was 100 mg/m2, days 1-3, in patients < 60 years, and 70 m g / d in patients 2 60 years, also for 3 d. The complete remission (CR) rates were similar to those of the patients of Tricot et al. All our patients < 3 0 years achieved CK, whilst the CR rate in patients 2 30 years was 55%. The relapse and survival rates were, however, different in our patients. In patients < 3 0 years the probability of remaining relapse free at 3 years was 38%. and the 3-year survival probability 45%. On the other hand, in our 30-50-year-old patients the probability of remaining relapse free was 51 % and the survival probability 48%. In Tricot's 30-50-year age group, 38% of the patients relapsed, but the 2-year survival probability in this age group was below 20%. Surprisingly, none of our 10 patients consolidated with high dose cytarabine are alive at 3 years from diagnosis whereas six out of 11 patients consolidated with mAMSA-VP16 2 1 3 and DNR-Ara C are still alive in first CR . We are afraid that the results of high dose Ara C consolidation therapy in patients < 30 years as reported by Tricot et a1 are overly optimistic. The patient group was small, and may have consisted merely of patients with highly


It is common practice for securities and commodities professionals to trade the same security or commodity for several accounts during the course of a normal business day. Often they will engage in a single trade representing orders for more than one account. For good business reasons the precise allocations among the various accounts may not be made until after the fact. Although there is nothing wrong with this practice per se, it presents the professional with the opportunity to favor some accounts over others by allocating the more profitable trades to the favored accounts. It is for this reason that federal laws governing both the securities markets and the commodities markets prohibit brokers, advisers, and other market professionals, except in specific instances, from allocating orders among accounts after trades have been executed. This prohibition is aimed at preventing such persons from abusing their discretion in allocating tradesengaging in fraudulent trade allocation schemes. The fraudulent allocation of trades has been a common offense since


Abstract To systematically review the literature to identify the impact of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on specific female sexual function domains. A meta-analysis was performed and the related literature were searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM and Web of Science databases, and in reference lists of articles and systematic reviews. Score of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) was used as the outcome measurement, and mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Five studies were included, including 346 women with RA and 237 healthy female controls. Each domain of the FSFI score: lubrication (MD, −2.48; 95% CI, −3.69, −1.28), orgasm-1.71 (−2.09, −1.33), sexual desire-1.27 (−1.59, −0.95), satisfaction-1.67 (−2.18, −1.16), arousal-1.83 (−2.85, −0.82), pain-1.57 (−2.43, −0.70) and the total score −8.84 (−11.88, −5.79) were lower in RA women than healthy controls. Furthermore, lubrication dimension was most severely affected especially. This meta-analysis showed that female RA patients scored lower in each dimension of FSFI, mostly in the lubrication domain. It demonstrated that targeted interventions should be done to improve their sexual function. Future well-designed researches with larger sample sizes are necessary to evaluate the potential risk factors which determine female sexual dysfunction.


The side seal assembly consists of three main components: a hardened and precision ground side seal 12, a spring 14 and a housing 16 in which the side seal 12 and spring 14 are assembled. The side seal contains two tabs 22 that fit through a slot feature 24 in the housing. The tabs 22 on the side seal 12 slide through the housing slot 24 into a relief area 26 that allows the side seal 12 to turn 90 degrees and fall into a shallow pocket 28 that keeps the side seal 12 retained.


It has become a popular learning method among the students of Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt that this kind of face-to-face study involved the competent teacher. It becomes one of student's choices in order to explore their knowledge so it can increase their opportunity to get the success in their study. This research used the descriptive qualitative analysis with data collection techniques: interview, observation, and documentation. Based on the research results and data analysis that is used by the researcher in the Madyafah Qazaz, Ghamaliah, Egypt, it can be concluded that: 1) The implementation of talaqqi method as a face-to-face learning. In its application, it is began with the book's reading, material extending, concluding, and ended with questions and answers session, 2) The advantages of talaqqi are: improving the student's listening and reading skill well, increasing the student's vocabularies and statements, the learning is simple and easy to understand, improving the student's emphatic, can feel the struggle of ulama, expanding the social network, and getting the knowledge certificate. The disadvantages are: the hot weather that causes students unfocussed, inadequate space, the difficulty faced by female students in giving questions because of their position, the early time, and the teacher was not required to make all of the students understand his learning.


The lunar regolith records both the geological history and processes of the Moon and also that of particles from the Sun and galaxy. Such a record extends back to the age of the rock unit upon which the regolith is developed, but complex impact gardening and processing makes this record difficult to recover and interpret. Ancient rock units, such as lava flows, begin to have regolith developed upon them immediately after em-placement. If covered or buried by another unit, this ancient regolith can preserve conditions as they were on the Moon billions of years ago. Such a paleorego-lith, sandwiched between two lava flows, should be common on the Moon, but may be largely inaccessible. However, in places where natural outcrops occur, such as the walls of large impact craters or the interiors of rilles and graben, such units may be exposed [1,2]. Station 2, Apollo 15 landing site. The Apollo 15 landing site in the Hadley-Apennine region contains rock units that span over a billion years of lunar history [3]. The maria here consist of at least two distinct lava flows and a pyroclastic deposit erupted around 3.3 Ga ago [3]. A non-mare volcanic KREEP basalt unit, the Apennine Bench Fm. [4] forms the 3.84 Ga basement upon which these lavas were erupted. The walls of Hadley Rille expose the mare section in this area; potentially , this section could include a 500 Ma unconformity. Where is it? The Apennine Mt. range (Imbrium basin ejecta) was a major target for the Apollo 15 crew [5]. A traverse to the front was planned for the first EVA, to St. George crater on the Hadley Delta massif to sample highlands material. The planned station also happened to be on the edge of Hadley Rille, upslope from a small, very fresh 50 m diameter crater (Fig. 1). The crew decided to stop and sample a 1 m boulder on the slope of Hadley Delta. This glass-coated block was angular and apparently recently emplaced. The block and soil from beneath it was sampled and analyzed; information from cosmic-ray exposure ages indicate that it was emplaced < 100,000 years ago [6]. The Field Geology team associated this Station 2 block with the very fresh impact crater, located about 300 m north of the LRV (Fig. 1). Samples 15205 and 15206 (Fig. 2) were collected from the Station 2 boulder. Both are classified as " re-golith …


The paragenetic relations of epidote-glaucophane schists are described in terms of the system Al2O3-Fe2O3-Fe2O3-MgO-CaO with excess of quartz, albite and epidote. If alkali-amphibole is free from Ca and AlIV, its composition when associated with epidote is invariant, univariant or divariant at a given pressure and temperature on Miyashiro's (1957) diagram of alkali-amphibole solid solution if it is also associated, respectively, with three, two or one additional minerals in the system.

Using a group of epidote-glaucophane schists from the Kotu area of the Sanbagawa metamor-phic belt in Shlkoku, Japan (isophysical compositional),univariant boundary lines were determined for the assemblages that, in addition to the ubiquitous quartz + albite + phengitic mica, contain hematite + chlorite, garnet + chlorite and actinolite + chlorite, respectively. The slopes of the univariant boundary lines obtained from petrographical data are in good agreement with those calculated in a model system.

The positions of isophysical univariant boundary lines on the amphibole compositional diagram serve to distinguish the grade of metamorphism among the rocks of the same mineral facies. The hematite-chlorite univariant boundary line can be used to divide the zone of epidote-glaucophane schists of the Sanbagawa metamorphic belt into three, and the garnet-chlorite-paragonite invariant equilibrium can be used to divide the epidote zone of New Caledonia into three.


To supply basic data that can help in safe environment furtherance and accident prevention of child play facilities, result that investigate child play facilities connection legislation and child play facilities safety supervision law is as following.1. Establishment size of play facilities was pres...


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To report a change without fail by previously setting process procedure about whether a call to a former number should be automatically transferred to a new number or a caller should performed announcement so as to leave a voice message. SOLUTION: When a call is performed from a telephone set 14 by a telephone number before change, the call is sent to a service switch point(SSP) 18. The SSP 18 refers to the list of former telephone number and when it matches, that telephone number is inquired of a service control point(SCP) 24. The SCP 24 retrieves a data base and sends a transfer number corresponding to the former telephone number, namely, the number of a telephone set 10 to the SSP 18. The SSP 18 transfers the cell to the telephone set 10. A subscriber may register the voice message to inform the new telephone number in an intelligent processor(IP) 26 and in this case, the IP 26 functions as an automatic answering telephone for the call of the former telephone number.


Microorganism and human health is the curriculum that researches the microorganisms and effects of microorganisms on manufacture and life of human.It is of importance to improve the college students' quality.Two improved measures that aimed at teaching content and teaching means were put forward to strengthen the teaching quality of common elective course.


A two-stage study was conducted of potential softwareapplication package users. The first stage defined 38 issueswhich were viewed as potential obstacles t o the purchase andimplementation of applications packages. In the second stage,the relative importance of these 38 issues was quantified. Theresults suggest that the key obstacle to wider usage ofapplications packages is uncertainty. Various steps whichpackage developers and package users can take to reduceuncertainty are suggested.


Object: To explore the relationship between the students who have depression and the cohesion and adaptability in their family.Methods Investigation on FACESⅡ—CV and SDS were conducted among 163 students in Shangrao Normal College,74 students in Donghua Polytechnic University and 70 students in Pharmaceutical University of China.Result: There is a distinguishable difference in their family cohesion(χ2=24.87,P0.01) between the students who have depression and who don't have.There isn't a distinguishable difference between the students who have depression and who don't in their family adaptability(χ2=11.17,P0.01).There aren't distinguishable differences of their family cohesion and adaptability among the students who have depression in their gender(χ2=2.85,P0.01;χ2=8.96,P0.01),origin(χ2=3.95,P0.01;χ2=1.49,P0.01)and grade(χ2=8.66,P0.01;χ2=6.55,P0.01).SDS analysis revealed that students who have depression had higher scores than those who don't have depression in "occasionally or not","sometimes" and "always".But they don't have distinguishable difference in "often".Conclusion: There are distinguishable differences between the depression students and undepression students in their family cohesion and adaptability.The environment of the family is one of the factors that leads to the depression.It is very important to prevent the students depression with the scientific family education.


A new adaptive iterative block-delayed partitioned Viterbi algorithm (AIBD-PVA) receiver for the MIMO frequency-selective fading channel is proposed. In the classic PVA, tentative decisions are used for the feedback between the trellis detectors of each transmit antenna. The block-delayed PVA uses more reliable temporary decisions in the feedback loop. The proposed algorithm adapts the number of iterations used to improve the reliability of the feedback decisions depending on the detection conditions, thus resulting in an improved BER performance without adding unnecessary complexity. It is observed that MIMO systems with higher numbers of antennas have a more remarkable BER performance improvement, since they rely more on the feedback between the trellis detectors.


The diversified forms of heat engines necessitate developing energy‐efficient engine oils and coolants. The article proposes a method of thermal diffusivity tuning of the base fluid (ethylene glycol) using multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), annealed at different temperatures, without altering the solid volume fraction. Having studied the annealing‐induced structure modifications of MWCNTs through thermogravimetric and spectroscopic studies, the thermal diffusivity variations are investigated through the sensitive photothermal mode‐mismatched dual‐beam thermal lens technique. The study reveals that the annealing‐induced structure modifications lower the nanofluid's thermal diffusivity and unveils the existence of transition annealing temperature of MWCNTs above which the nanoparticles can make the nanofluid a heat trapper. The study also proposes the importance of making more energy‐efficient engine oils by keeping the temperature of the engine oil below the transition temperature.


This paper is concerned with static data association problem in noisy environment by three bearing-only sensors. In this paper two new heuristic algorithms which are computationally efficient are described. A simulation experiment is provided to compare two heuristic algorithms with optimal algorithm with respect to accuracy in different conditions. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of heuristic algorithms in poor conditions.


Oscillations in the transverse magnetoresistance of β-(BEDT-TTF) 2 I 3 and β-(BEDT-TTF) 2 IBr 2 were observed below 4.2 K in fields above 9 Tesla applied perpendicular to the a – b plane. The period of the resistance oscillation vs the inverse magnetic field proved that the cross-sectional area of the two-dimensional Fermi surface was nearly a quarter of the first Brillouin zone for both β-(BEDT-TTF) 2 I 3 and β-(BEDT-TTF) 2 IBr 2 . Beat-like phenomenon in the magnetoresistance oscillation was also observed in both salts, and its origin is discussed. The fact that the two salts are quite similar in Shubnikov-de Haas effect suggests that the difference in the band structure in the low- and high- T c states of β-(BEDT-TTF) 2 I 3 is small.


By reviewing the TCM literatures and the summary of clinical practice and according to the basic pathologic characteristics and the rule of clinical evolution it was suggested that the initiated stage in type 2 Diabetes was deficiency of spleen-yin.The imbalance of Spleen Yin and Yang could influence the transport and the disperse essence function of spleen further and therefore construct the pathological basis of type 2 Diabetes.The Deficiency of Spleen-Yin concerning kidney-Yang was the pathological regression of type 2 Diabetes.The rule of pathological development would be revealed and provide the theoretical basis and the therapeutic methods in symptom differentiated treatment on every stages of type 2 Diabetes.


The electric field dependence of the dielectric constant and loss of PZT perovskite-type ceramics have been investigated. Measurements were performed at frequencies of 1, 10 and 100 kHz, and 1 MHz, at several temperatures below the Curie temperature. The bias characteristics of the dielectric constant have two peaks, related to the 180° domain reversal and the 90° domain rotations, and show a temperaturedependent asymmetry in the electric field direction. A dielectric relaxation is observed in the frequency dependence of the dielectric constant. A discussion of the results in terms of domain switching processes is presented.


A large proportion of the resources available on the world-wide
web refer to information that may be regarded as geographically
located. Thus most activities and enterprises take place in one or
more places on the Earth's surface and there is a wealth of survey
data, images, maps and reports that relate to specific places or
regions. Despite the prevalence of geographical context, existing
web search facilities are poorly adapted to help people find
information that relates to a particular location. When the name of
a place is typed into a typical search engine, web pages that
include that name in their text will be retrieved, but it is likely
that many resources that are also associated with the place may
not be retrieved. Thus resources relating to places that are inside
the specified place may not be found, nor may be places that are
nearby or that are equivalent but referred to by another name.
Specification of geographical context frequently requires the use
of spatial relationships concerning distance or containment for
example, yet such terminology cannot be understood by existing
search engines. Here we provide a brief survey of existing
facilities for geographical information retrieval on the web, before
describing a set of tools and techniques that are being developed
in the project SPIRIT : Spatially-Aware Information Retrieval on
the Internet (funded by European Commission Framework V
Project IST-2001-35047).


We demonstrate a lensless holographic opto-fluidic microscope based on pixel super-resolution techniques to create high-resolution amplitude and phase images of flowing objects within a micro-fluidic chip without complicated fabrication processes or uniform flow.


Smooth prediction modes and angular intra prediction modes are two major types of intra prediction modes in AV1 video codec designed to reduce spatial redundancy in video signals. The smooth prediction mode is particularly effective in predicting blocks with a smooth gradient within the block, while angular intra prediction mode predicts pixel values by a weighted average of neighboring pixels along different angular directions within the block. This paper proposes extensions to these modes to improve the intra coding performance towards a next-generation video codec beyond the AV1 codec. The first extension involves refining the smooth modes by considering the geometric distance between each sample and its reference pixels to achieve more precise prediction. The second extension involves refining the distribution of intra prediction angles in AV1 such that the intra prediction angles are denser around vertical and horizontal modes and coarser around diagonal directions. The third extension proposes applying Intra Bi-Prediction (IBP) to a subset of prediction angles, which implicitly allows the codec to choose between IBP on and off case. Experimental results show that the proposed methods achieve up to 0.3% luma and chroma average BD-rate savings with no encoding time increase for all intra configuration when compared to research-v4.0.0 tag of reference software AVM which is developed for exploring next-generation video coding beyond AV1. Notably, the highest coding gain observed was up to 1.5% for 4K video sequences.


This research is aiming to figure out the impact of job stress, job satisfaction and job burnout on turnover intention among project management team members in industrial cities in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The research sample consisted of 212 respondents and the data were collected using electronic questionnaires. Statistical procedures were applied using SPSS (means, standard deviations, correlation analysis, reliability analysis) and AMOS (Path analysis). The research findings showed that there are positive relationships be tween job burnout and turnover intention and between job stress and job burnout. The findings showed a negative relationship between job burnout and job satisfaction and between job satisfaction and turnover intention. The findings showed a positive relationship between job burnout and turnover intention. The results of this research can be used as a reference for industrial fields in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to improve the public awareness and enhance the organizational efficiency.


The Finland-Swedish writer Henry Parland (1908–1930) contributed to the avant-garde magazine Quosego and published a collection of poetry, Idealrealisation (Ideals Clearance,1929), in Helsinki befo ...


The U.S. Department of Energy is preparing a license application for the permanent disposal of high-level waste in a potential repository at Yucca Mountain, Nevada. The current waste package design consists of an outer container of a highly corrosion resistant Ni-Cr-Mo alloy (Alloy 22) surrounding a thicker Type 316 nuclear-grade stainless steel inner container. Drip shields, mail-box shaped and made of titanium alloys, may be installed above the waste packages at the time of permanent closure to protect the waste packages from rock fall and seepage water. Various degradation mechanisms, including stress corrosion cracking, may compromise the integrity of these engineered barriers. In this study, numerical modeling and physical experiments were conducted to understand the flow mechanisms of in-drift water through stress corrosion cracks.


AIM To study the effects of etimicin and gentamicin on renal cortical mitochondria ~(45)Ca~(2+)uptake. METHODS Using ~(45)Ca~(2+) incorporation technique. RESULTS The two drugs at the concentration of 1 mmol·L-1 significantly promoted the ~(45)Ca~(2+)uptake 〔the former ascended from per 30 min(1135±75) to (1480±240) μmol·g-1 Pro, the latter from per 30 min(1119±130) to (1401±166) μmol·g-1 Pro, P005〕, and at the concentration of 10 mmol·L-1, dramatically inhibited the mitochondria ~(45)Ca~(2+)uptake 〔the former descended from per 30 min(1135±75) to (923±57) μmol·g-1 Pro, the latter from per 30 min(1119±129) to (695±53) μmol·g-1 Pro, P005 or P001〕. CONCLUSION The two phase effects of the two drugs on mitochondria ~(45)Ca~(2+)uptake may correlate with their nephrotoxicity.


Objective To investigate the role of substance P (SP) in the pathogenesis of itch in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) mice.Methods Kunming mice with ACD were established by topical application of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB).The scratching behavior of ACD mice and the effect of spantide (NK1 receptor antagonist) and naloxone (opioid receptor antagonist) were observed at 73h after irritation.SP concentration and NK1 receptor expression of skin lesion on the nape were measured by ELISA and immunohistochemistry,respectively at 48h after irritation.Results The scratching bouts of ACD mice peaked at 48h after DNFB irritation.Meanwhile,SP level in the skin lesion of ACD mice was less than that of control group [(3873.40±291.58)vs (4349.90±502.83) pg/g,P0.05,whereas NK1 receptor expression in ACD mice was higher than that of control group (6.13±1.25) vs (2.87±0.86) P0.05].Pretreatment with spantide or naloxone significantly suppressed the scratching behavior (P0.01).Conclusions DNFB-induced scratch in ACD mice is itch-associated response.SP could be implicated in the pathogenesis of itch by activating cutaneous NK1 receptor in ACD mice.


Buildings account for up to 40% of the total energy use in the world. Directives from the European Union have pointed out the significance of increasing the energy efficiency in buildings. New regu ...


Aberrantly inserted chordae tendineae in the left atrial side are a rare find. We report here the case of a young patient with aberrantly inserted chordae tendineae not causing significant mitral regurgitation. Because the patient remained asymptomatic and the anomalous chord of the left atrium could be considered within normal human anatomic variation, the authors decided to only monitor the patient's condition for the time being. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 42:57–58, 2014


In a context of densification of railway station traffic and evolution of mobility service demand, it becomes more and more important to know better spatio-temporal behavior of the persons, continuously and everywhere in the station. Recent technologies of automatic assessment of traffic flow in real-time associated with complex algorithms of data processing allow to glimpse a wide panel of applications for the optimization of flow management and quality of service, safety, security and better commercialization of spaces in the station. These methods still raise numerous questions in term of precision, costs or implementation complexity. In this contribution, the authors present a promising approach to estimate traffic flow in the station transforming potentially the video protection system into a network of low-cost sensors for flow assessment. Experiment results in TGV (high-speed railroad) and subway stations in Paris and Turin are presented as well as measure statistical processing methods for case studies.


Objective: Investigation the preparation of PVA/glucan/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose composite hydrogel for external use, and comparing with pure PVA hydrogel in physical properties and drug system in vitro release. Methods: Make use of freeze- thaw physical crosslinking methods preparation hydrogel loading insulin model drug requests for external use, through the universal tensile machine and differential scanning calorimetry study the requests of physical properties, the use of HPLC on the requests of the in vitro release behavior. Result: PVA composite hydrogel for external use paster compared with pure PVA hydrogel paster toughness decrease, rigid increase, the in vitro release better. Conclusion: Through the amalgamation of material friendly PVA and polysaccharide glucan、sodium carboxymethyl, the insulin composite hydrogel paster has not only good physical properties, but also good release behavior and is better than the performance of the current pure PVA hydrogel paster which current literature reports, and is expected to continue to study optimization performance.


The major abnormal phenomenon in operation and overhaul of GW4 series switch - disconnector was enumerated, such as bad contact of resistance in conductive loop, fracture of support porcelain insulator and the fault of transmission system. The reasons for causing these abnormal phenomena were analyzed in detail. The further improvement and preventive measures were put forward.


The Association of Departments of Family Medicine's (ADFM's) overall mission is to "support academic departments of family medicine to lead and achieve their full potential in care, education, scholarship, and advocacy to promote health and health equity."[1][1] A core value guiding ADFM in


THE purpose of this paper is to discuss primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube, and to submit a report of the first case at the Worcester City Hospital of carcinoma of the fallopian tube and carcinoma of the breast in the same patient. As in the vast majority of cases reported in the literature, the diagnosis of tubal carcinoma was not made preoperatively. It was only suspected during the operation for another pelvic disorder and was confirmed by routine pathological study of the tissues removed during the operation. Since Rokitansky's original pathological description in 1861 and the first accredited case . . .


An efficient reaction of tosylimines with a range of samarium enolates (derived from esters, and amides) is reported. The reaction with the α-dibenzylamino-N-tert-butanesulfinimine derived from chiral phenylalaninal afforded the corresponding enantiopure 3,4-diamino ester with very high diastereoselectivity.


Being aimed at the needs of the control and management automation in the process of beer ferment, the project based on DCS is brought forward in this paper. The temperature character in the process of beer ferment is analyzed and the hybrid control algorithm based on fuzzy and PID is designed. Compared with the conventional PID , the overshoot of temperature is remarkably decreased by this control in the real running. The system project and control algorithm in this paper is successfully applyed in a beer factory.


Since their first demonstration in 2002, terahertz (THz) quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) have become established as compact, coherent sources with applications ranging from astrophysics to gas spectroscopy and medical imaging. Every QCL demonstrated to date has been based on III-V heterostructures such as GaAs/AlGaAs, but there are compelling motives for developing Si-based devices. Aside from the possible cost reduction due to the maturity of silicon processing technology, Si may allow higher temperature operation due to its greater thermal conductivity and the absence of polar LO-phonon interactions. Ultimately, CMOS integration and optoelectronic system-on-a-chip applications may be possible. Although the indirect bandgap hinders the development of interband SiGe-based lasers, there is no such obstacle for intersubband transitions in a QCL. Most previous SiGe QCL designs have employed transitions within the valence band, but the lower effective mass of conduction band L-valleys allows higher optical gain. Uniaxial strain effects, which complicate the valence band structure, are also avoided. We show that previous L-valley designs, which probability densities for L-valley subbands in operate at a high electric field, yield high electron the QCL design at an electric field of 4 kV/cm temperatures and relatively low gain. In this paper, we present a bound-to-continuum QCL design operating at much lower electric field. Using a self-consistent (effective mass) Poisson-Schrodinger calculation, with semi-classical rate equation modelling of charge transport, we show that sufficient gain is achievable with our design to overcome the losses in double-metal QCL waveguides.


The Cape Town metropolitan area has limited water supply due to rapid population and urban growth. In many instances, surface water is the only source in water supply schemes. There is a need for additional water supplies to supplement the existing water sources. Groundwater systems can be used as primary or supplemental water supply sources especially in areas where there is high demand for water resources. The aim of this study is to evaluate the groundwater potential within the Table Mountain Group (TMG) with the assistance of remote sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS). Previous hydrogeological studies have found the TMG to be the second largest hydrogeological unit in South Africa with extensively fractured and multi-porous rock. The study area is 5660 km with TMG covering 1336 km". In this study a Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) image was used to identify lineaments. The identified lineaments were overlaid with vegetation, drainage patterns, faults and fractures digitized from 1:250 000 geological maps and borehole yields to show areas with promising groundwater resources. The results did not show correlation between vegetation and lineaments. Most of the lineaments intersected drainage lines at some points, and a few were parallel to the drainage lines. Forty five percent of the digitized faults and fractures overlap with the Landsat lineament. The most dominating lineaments are oriented in a NW -SE direction. High yielding boreholes with average yield of about 12 lIs were found within the distance of 150m from the lineaments. The lineaments were further analysed to locate areas that could be suitable for groundwater exploration. These areas were identified using Landsat lineaments, boreholes and a Digital Elevation Model (DEM). The results showed that the most favourable lineaments and geological features were oriented in a 135-180° and 0-45° direction and areas with slopes of less than 40% were found to be suitable for drilling boreholes. The amount of available groundwater within the TMG was also investigated by looking at both volume of recharge and amount that could be held in storage. Rainfall data was used to estimate recharge. Groundwater recharge was calculated to be 5% of Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za


Is education the social leveler it promises to be? Nowhere is this question better addressed than in Singapore, the emblematic modern-day meritocracy where education has long been hailed as the most important ticket to elite status. In particular, what accounts for gender and ethnic gaps in enrollment into Singapore's elite junior colleges—the key sorters in the country's education system? We consider how the wealth of neighborhoods has combined with the elite status of schools to affect the social mobility of gender and ethnic groups. Analyzing data from 40 years of junior college yearbooks (1971–2010), we find persistent differences in educational opportunity. Women and Malays have historically experienced inequality in Singapore, and their student routes to becoming elites differ markedly. For female students, attending an elite junior college in a wealthy neighborhood is associated with wealthy neighborhoods that have a disproportionate number of elite girls' secondary schools that feed into the junior colleges. By contrast, for Malays, not attending an elite junior college in a wealthy neighborhood has more to do with wealthy neighborhoods underrepresenting Malays in demographic composition. Elite families thus now include better educated women as well as men, yet Malays still rarely become better educated elites. These results underscore the need to carefully map the complex associations and mechanisms between gender and ethnic categorizations, the status of schools, and the characteristics of neighborhoods.


Human malaria remains a major killer disease worldwide, with nearly half (3.2 billion) of the world's population at risk of malaria infection. The infectious protozoan disease is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions, with an estimated 212 million new cases and 429,000 malaria-related deaths in 2015. An in-host mathematical model ofPlasmodium falciparummalaria that describes the dynamics and interactions of malaria parasites with the host's liver cells (hepatocytic stage), the red blood cells (erythrocytic stage), and macrophages is reformulated. By a theoretical analysis, an in-host basic reproduction numberR0is derived. The disease-free equilibrium is shown to be locally and globally asymptotically stable. Sensitivity analysis reveals that the erythrocyte invasion rateβr, the average number of merozoites released per bursting infected erythrocyteK, and the proportion of merozoites that cause secondary invasions at the blood phaseζare the most influential parameters in determining the malaria infection outcomes. Numerical results show that macrophages have a considerable impact in clearing infected red blood cells through phagocytosis. Moreover, the density of infected erythrocytes and hence the severity of malaria are shown to increase with increasing density of merozoites in the blood. Concurrent use of antimalarial drugs and a potential erythrocyte invasion-avoidance vaccine would minimize the density of infected erythrocytes and hence malaria disease severity.


Purpose
This study aims to support researchers and practitioners in finding suitable instruments for future research studies and organizational quality assessments.

Design/methodology/approach
Employees' success of learning at work is strongly influenced by the quality of the workplace learning environment. In the recent decades growing effort has been given to the development of surveys to measure the quality of workplace learning, resulting in a large number of available survey instruments. This study conceptually draws on a 3-P model and uses a qualitative metasynthesis to collect and categorize n = 94 surveys that intend to measure the quality of workplace learning (WPL).

Findings
The results underline that research on WPL environments is a highly interdisciplinary endeavor, where every discipline enriches the field by a new perspective and own foci. Overall, this study finds a focus on learning culture and working conditions, on social and functional inclusion of the learner and on support and feedback during training. Products of WPL such as professional competences or career aspirations play a minor role.

Originality/value
With the integration of quality measurement instruments from various research studies, this study produces an interactive online instrument map that gives a broad, yet organized overview of available quality measures in the WPL field.


Introduction: Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) has a major role in inhibition of firinolysis and normal haemostasis. The presence of the PAI-1 4G/4G genotype leads to increased expression of PAI-1. High blood level of PAI-1 is associated with many diseases such as thrombosis, cerebral insult, myocardial infarction, pregnancy loss, preeclampsia, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, breast cancer and asthma. In this study, the prevalence of PAI-1 4G/5G gene variant was determined in healthy subjects from Serbian population. Methods: The study was carried out in a group of 210 healthy subjects (105 women and 105 men). The presence of PAI-1 4G/5G gene variant was detected by PCR-RFLP analysis. Results: The prevalence of PAI-1 4G/4G genotype was 34.76% and it was increased compared to PAI-1 5G/5G genotype (19.05%). The most frequent was PAI-1 4G/5G genotype (46.19%). Allelic frequency for 4G allele was higher (0.58) compared to 5G allele (0.42). Conclusions: The prevalence of PAI-1 4G/5G gene variant in Serbian population is similar to the neighboring populations. Results of this study represent the first data for Serbian population. This study could be useful for further research where the role of PAI-1 4G/5G gene variant will be assessed in the pathogenesis of many diseases.


Assessing the Capacity for Total War : Swedish Military Attaches and National Characteristics in the Interwar Baltic Sea Area, 1918-1939


A Mustafa Kutlu is one of the first names that come to mind when talking about stories in Turkish literature. In the modern age we live in, she has absorbed the spiritual, cultural and traditional values of Turkish society into her stories by blending them in her mind. Anatolian geography, social and political change, people's way of life, their relations with each other and prevailing traditions take part in her stories. Kutlu makes great use of proverbs and idioms while writing these elements in her stories. Thanks to proverbs and idioms, the individual clearly expresses the society's lifestyle, mentality, values and impressions about life. The aim of this research was to determine the proverbs and idioms in Mustafa Kutlu's work ''Mavi Kuş'' and evaluate its thematic reflection on the story. The Blue Bird work was read and a qualitative research method was applied in the study. Proverbs and idioms were recorded and thematic classification was made by taking them from Şerif Aktaş's Analysis of Literary Texts Based on Narration and Nurullah Genç's Novel Analysis Method. In conclusion, there are themes reflected by proverbs, idioms and stereotypes in Kutlu's ''Blue Bird''. foreigners. Its classification supports easy understanding of proverbs, idioms and phrases.


Poster: "ESTI 2014 / P-0068 / A systematic approach to managing incidental congenital findings and variants during imaging of thorax" by: "D. Oswal; Wakefield/UK"


The main objective of designing this robot is simplify the challenge of climbing on the high buildings, trees, etc. which is almost impossible for humans. Our target is to build a wall-climbing robot that can climb walls, walk on ceilings, crawl through pipes and traverse on floors for which we have used a different technology of Attraction Force caused due to Bernoulli's effect. This paper proposes a new suction method based on a mechanism utilizing hook‐like claws and presents the design of a robot system for inspecting rough concrete walls. We present a method for describing the degree of concrete surface roughness that is attachment and detachment of the suction vacuum pump based on Bernoulli Effect. The results indicate that the low‐cost system endows the robot with enhanced climbing stability and satisfies the inspection requirements for tower constructed by water brush stone or bricks.


The effect of thermal ag ingof quenched Al–10 wt% Agand Al–22 wt% Agalloys on the transient and steady state creep behavior was determined in the aging temperature range (423–493 K). It was found that the strengthening and softeningof the alloys have been achieved duringthe formation of metastable phases (G.P zones and g 0 -phase). TEM investigations confirmed that increasing Ag content in Al–Ag alloy plays a significant role in the coarsening of G.P zones and the acceleration of g 0 - phase formation. The mean values of activation energy of both alloys were found to be equal to that quoted for the pinningimposed to vibratingdislocations by G.P zones and g 0 -phase. # 2001 Elsevier


"Suitable Living,Employment,Travel"is a new location for city development proposed by Qinhuangdao from reality,create a harmonious transportation is of great significance for Qinhuangdao achieving the city location.


Redox reactions of Co(edta)− with Ru(NH3)5L2+ (L = 3- and 4-aminopyridine (AmPy)) were found to follow an outer-sphere electron transfer mechanism. The specific rate constants are (3.26 ± 0.03) × 102 and (3.07 ± 0.04) × 103 M−1S−1, for L = 3- and 4-AmPy, respectively, at μ, = 0.10 M LiClO4, pH = 8.0 (tris) and T = 25 °C. The rate constants of oxidations for a series of Ru(NH3)5L2+ complexes are higher than those of the corresponding Fe(CN)5L3- complexes by factors of 4 to 15 even after corrections for differences in reduction potentials and in charges of the complexes. Nonadiabaticity in the reactions of Fe(CN)5L3 complexes may account for the difference in the relative reactivities.


Objective: We sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the first available totally implantable replacement heart (AbioCor Implantable Replacement Heart System) in the treatment of severe, irreversible biventricular heart failure in human patients. Methods: Seven male adult patients with severe, irreversible biventricular failure ( (cid:1) 70% thirty-day predicted mortality) who were not candidates for transplantation met all institutional review board study criteria and had placement of the AbioCor Implantable Replacement Heart. All were in cardiogenic shock despite maximal medical therapy, including inotropes and intra-aortic balloon pumps. Mean age was 66.7 (cid:2) 10.4 years (range, 51-79 years). Four of 7 patients had prior operations. Six had ischemic and one had idiopathic cardiomyopathy. All had 3-dimensional computer-simulated implantation of the thoracic unit that predicted adequate fit. At the time of the operation, the internal transcutaneous energy transfer coil, battery, and controller were placed. Biventriculectomy was then performed, and the thoracic unit was placed in an orthotopic position and attached to the atrial cuffs and outflow conduits with quick-connects. The flow was adjusted to 4 to 8 L/min. Central venous and left atrial pressures were maintained at 5 to 15 mm Hg. The device is powered through transcutaneous energy transfer. An atrial flow-balancing chamber is used to adjust left/right balance. The balance chamber and transcutaneous energy transfer eliminate the need for percutaneous lines. Results: There was one intraoperative death caused by coagulopathic bleeding and one early death caused by an aprotinin reaction


Abstract : Several different commercial graphite fibers were characterized as to surface chemistry by XPS analysis, radiotracer analysis, thermal desorption/mass spectrometry, and surface energetics via contact angle measurements. These fibers were then treated by selective oxidation and devolatilization. Various interphase resins were then electrodeposited on the fibers. Composites were made from three matrix resins using the electrodeposited fibers and tested before and after exposure to moisture aging. No improvement in shear strength due to the electrodeposited interphase resins was noted. (Author)


The utility model provides a double-shoulder double-seal surface threaded connector and a collar-free oil well pipe adopting the threaded connector. The double-shoulder double-seal surface threaded connector comprises the following two parts: an inner cone-shaped threaded piece and an outer cone-shaped threaded piece, wherein an outer shoulder, an outer seal surface, an inner thread, an inner seal surface and an inner shoulder are arranged in sequence on the inner cone-shaped threaded piece; an outer shoulder, an outer seal surface, an outer thread, an inner seal surface and an inner shoulder are correspondingly arranged on the outer cone-shaped threaded piece; and after the inner cone-shaped threaded piece and the outer cone-shaped threaded piece are screwed up, the inside and the outside diameters of the connection area are equal to those of the pipe. The collar-free oil well pipe adopting the structure of the double-shoulder double-seal surface threaded connector is implemented by machining a double-shoulder double-seal inner cone-shaped threaded piece and a double-shoulder double-seal outer cone-shaped threaded piece at the two ends of an oil well pipe, without needing to increase the end thickness of the pipe.


A high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometryic(HPLC-MS/MS) method was established for the simultaneous determination of urea,biruet and dicyandiamide in foods.Samples were soaked and mixed in water,then removed proteins by adding acetonitrile and frozen centrifuged to remove fat.The clear liquid was evaporated to dryness,and the residue was dissolved in 1 mL 70% ACN solution,and filtrated with membrane.The analytes were identified by HPLC-MS/MS with the positive electrospray ionization(ESI+) under multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) mode,and analyzed quantitatively by the external standard method.The calibration curves were linear in the concentration range of 0.1-20.0 mg/L for three compounds with correlation coefficients(r2) more than 0.995.The limits of detection(LODs) of urea,biruet and dicyandiamide were 0.03,0.05,0.01 mg/L,respectively,and their limits of quantitation(LOQs) were 0.08,0.10,0.03 mg/L,respectively.The average recoveries for urea,biruet and dicyandiamide at spiked concentration levels of 5.0,10.0,20.0 mg/kg were in the range of 70%-99% with relative standard derivations(RSDs) of 0.42%-8.0%.The method was simple,sensitive and accurate,and was suitable for the determination of urea,biruet and dicyandiamide residue in food samples.


We report on the demonstration of a femtosecond all-optical modulator providing, without nonlinearity and therefore at arbitrarily low intensity, ultrafast light-by-light control. The device engages the coherent interaction of optical waves on a metamaterial nanostructure only 30 nm thick to efficiently control absorption of near-infrared (750–1040 nm) femtosecond pulses, providing switching contrast ratios approaching 3:1 with a modulation bandwidth in excess of 2 THz. The functional paradigm illustrated here opens the path to a broad family of meta-devices for ultrafast optical data processing in coherent networks.


The geometric determination of Gothic architecture together with contemporary design methods is an important question in the history of arts. The Gothic style is unique in the history of European architecture: it is the only period when Antique models were barely used. The design methods were different than those used in Classical (and so Renaissance, Baroque, and Neo-Classicist) architecture: the design involved subsequent geometrical steps. These steps, and thus the procedure are at least as important as the resulting geometry itself. Using recent technology (laser scanning, algorithmic modelling), the procedure can be modelled. In this new approach for the research of Gothic architecture, not only the geometries themselves are the subject of examination but also the underlying generative processes. Contemporary written sources on design rules together with the fabric of the buildings themselves serve as source for this kind of research. In this case study, the late Gothic Avas church in Miskolc, Hungary served as a base for testing the extent of the use of surviving rules; generative, procedural algorithms were created based on the surviving parts and fragments to illustrate the demolished parts. Finally, a configurational analysis was conducted to compare the late medieval and early modern approach to design.


Mobility seems to be increasingly important in our society. This fact can be visualized in the fast growth of the transport industry in the last century, that brought of a side the progress and of another, problems related it like the traffic jams, the greater deterioration of the environment, more money needed to build and conserve roads, etc. The development of the Information Technology (IT) provided a path for fetching of solutions of traffic problems. In face of the aggravation of these problems governmental and industrial sectors of many countries have matched interests and developed programs of reorganization of the sector made possible for the IT. Observing the world-wide efforts for the application of the Information Technology in transports resulted from several projects of the OECD, it was looked to carry through a study of the insertion of the application of these technologies for the transport companies in Brazil. Thus, it was made a local study trough of the application of a questionnaire in a sample of nine road freight transport companies of the Campinas and Sao Paulo metropolitans regions in Sao Paulo State (Brazil).


In this paper we describe an approach to document routing on the TREC corpus that employs a technique for the automatic construction of classification trees. The approach makes use of the Classification and Regression Trees (CART) algorithm that has seen application in various areas of machine learning


Interpretation of the Fe II(UV)/Mg II emission ratios from quasars has a major cosmological motivation. Both Fe and Mg are produced by short-lived massive stars. In addition, Fe is produced by accreting white dwarf supernovae somewhat after star formation begins. Therefore, we expect that the Fe/Mg ratio will gradually decrease with redshift. We have used data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to explore the dependence of the Fe II(UV)/Mg II ratio on redshift and on luminosity in the redshift range of 0.75 < z < 2.20, and we have used predictions from our 830-level model for the Fe II atom in photoionization calculations to interpret our findings. We have split the quasars into several groups based on the value of their Fe II(UV)/Mg II emission ratios and then checked to see how the fraction of quasars in each group varies with the increase of redshift. We next examined the luminosity dependence of the Fe II(UV)/Mg II ratio, and we found that beyond a threshold of Fe II(UV)/Mg II = 5, and M2500 < -25 mag, the Fe II(UV)/Mg II ratio increases with luminosity, as predicted by our model. We interpret our observed variation of the Fe II(UV)/Mg II ratio with redshift as a result of the correlation of redshift with luminosity in a magnitude-limited quasar sample.


Currently, Wireless LAN(WLAN) service is widely deployed to provide high speed wireless Internet access through the mobile stations such as notebook and PDA. To provide enhanced security and user access control in the public WLAN area, WLAN access points should have the capability of IEEE 802.1x-based user authentication and authorization functionality. In this paper, we provide a brief understanding of IEEE 802.1x standards and related protocols like EAPOL(Extended Authentication Protocol Over LAN), EAP, RADIUS and describe how the IEEE 802.1x is designed and implemented in our embedded linux-based WLAN AP which is named i-WiNG.(Intelligent Wireless Internet Gateway). And we present an efficient authentication proxy for IEEE 802.1x systems based on the port-based access control mechanism. The proxy function of the AP is allowed to cache the supplicant's user ID and password during his first transaction with the server. For the next authentication procedure of the same supplicant, the proxy function of the AP handles the authentication transactions using its cache on behalf of the authentication server. Since the main authentication server handles only the first authentication transaction of each supplicant, the processing load of the server can be reduced. Also, the authentication transaction delay experienced by a supplicant can be decreased compared with the conventional IEEE 802.1x systems. Therefore, the data traffic related to the authentication that has occurred in the backbone network can be considerably reduced to improve the speed of data transmission to the user of the high speed wireless Internet service.


It may start with the promise of speedy publication at a price that's too good to be true, or perhaps a desperate search after receiving a rejection letter. Some researchers don't see the red flags, blinded by pressure to publish. Others may choose to look the other way in order to pad their


103 Background: While three prospective trials have demonstrated benefit from adjuvant radiation (XRT) after radical prostatectomy (RP) in patients with positive surgical margins (PSM), its use varies amongst physicians. Many rely on clinical acumen to determine the optimal strategy for application of XRT post RP. We aim to determine if the length of PSM and highest Gleason grade (GG) of tumor at the PSM (hGGPSM) can be used to identify patients at greatest risk of biochemical failure (BCF) post RP. Methods: A retrospective review of all RP patients at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center from 2002 to 2010 was performed. After a single pathologist review, patients with organ confined disease (pT2), pathologic N0/Nx and a PSM were included. BCF was defined as 2 sequential PSA values of ≥0.2 or any detectable PSA prompting XRT. Patients receiving adjuvant XRT or with <12 months follow-up were excluded. Results: 205 patients met the inclusion criteria. Median PSA was 5.3 ng/mL (0.5-33) and media...


Quality of field experiments data dependent upon adequate experimental design. This study investigated the relationship between the size of the basic unit for exploratory experiments and the optimum plot size, and the experiment precision with potato crop. Tuber yield of 24 rows, 144 mounds, were used to arrange experimental units of one, two, three, four, six, eight and 12 mounds. Tuber yield data of different mounds were used to arrange plot sizes with different numbers of basic units. The model CV(x)=A/XB was adjusted, in which CV(x) was the coefficient of variation among plots with different numbers of basic units. Optimum plot size was estimated with the modified maximum curvature method of the function CV(x)=A/XB, allowing completely random design. Experimental precision was estimated though the Hatheway method for different experimental arrangements. Based upon the modification of the maximum curvature method, for a fixed total experimental area, experimental unit size of potato initial experiments affects optimum plot size estimations with the same experimental precision and variable number of treatments.


The resource-allocation principle, which combines policy and budget, is the basic criterion for public-policy planning of a government in the present era. It can make the policy target, construction project, and budget work together closely. The transportation construction project has a certain degree of relativity under a target; so when selecting projects, a division of levels should be carried out according to the priority of project desirability [19]. Furthermore, the relativity of potential cooperation-competition between projects must be identified to avoid any waste of limited resources. This is the focus point that will be discussed in this paper. Lastly, this research classified the cooperation-competition relation of a construction project into independent project, complementary project, overlapping project, and common complementary overlapping project. This research made a subjective judgment based on relevant domain experts' professional accomplishments, and then identified the experts' consensus.


To fully analyze the time response of a complex system, in order to discover its critical operation points, the output waveform (under all conceivable conditions) needs to be generated. Using conventional methods as physical experiments or detailed simulations can be prohibitive from the resources point of view (time, equipment). The challenge is to generate the waveform by its numerous time samples as a function of different operating conditions described by a set of parameters. In this paper, we propose a fast to evaluate, but also accurate model that approximates the waveforms, as a reliable substitute for complex physical experiments or overwhelming system simulations. Our proposed model consists of two stages. In the first stage, a previously trained artificial neural network produces some coefficients standing for "primary" coefficients of a wavelet transform. In the second stage, an inverse wavelet transform generates all the time samples of the expected waveform, using a fusion between the "primary" coefficients and some "secondary" coefficients previously extracted from the nominal waveform in the family. The test results for a number of 100 different combinations of three waveform parameters show that our model is a reliable one, featuring high accuracy and generalization capabilities, as well as high computation speed.


Introduced by Professor Chris Wainwright, Pro Vice-Chancellor, Head of Camberwell, Chelsea and Wimbledon Colleges of Arts, at University of the Arts London.

A part of the Chelsea Clusters centenary celebrations, Prof. Neil Cummings will perform a live-thread recall. Highlights will obviously include; 2'56 when the clusters sponsored article, Article 39 was added to the UN-Multitude Declaration of Human Rights, 2'54 when Composite went live, the first Simpatia Building in Fortaleza in 2'39, the new nodes in Brazil, regions in the Indian Multitude, and West Africa, 2'25 legendary Ex Habere: The Practice of Exhibition research project, Chelsea's devolution from the UAL, the impact of the Art Auction Transaction Tax, and much, much else besides.


Preface Introduction by Richard Shiff Documents Gustave Geffroy: Excerpt from Claude Monet, His Life, His Times, His Works Ambroise Vollard: Excerpt from Paul Cezanne Leo Larguier: Excerpt from Sunday with Paul Cezanne Jules Borely: 'Cezanne at Aix' (L'Art Vivant) Emile Bernard: Letter to His Mother (5 February 1904) Paul Cezanne: Letters to Emile Bernard (April to June, 1904) Emile Bernard: 'Paul Cezanne' (L'Occident) Paul Cezanne: Letters to Emile Bernard (July 1904 to September 1906) Emile Bernard: 'Memories of Paul Cezanne' (Mercure de France) Francis Jourdain: Excerpt from Cezanne R. P. Riviere and J. F. Schnerb: 'The Studio of Cezanne' (La Grande Revue) Maurice Denis: Excerpt from the Journal Karl Ernst Osthaus: 'A Visit to Paul Cezanne' (Das Feuer) Paul Cezanne: My Confessions Interpretations Joachim Gasquet: 'What He Said to Me' (excerpt from Cezanne) Emile Bernard: 'A Conversation with Cezanne' (Mercure de France) Maurice Denis: 'Cezanne' (excerpt from Theories) Lawrence Gowing: 'The Logic of Organized Sensations' Notes Bibliography Index


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an abrasive article with a curing time which is not long and a curing temp. which is not high, with curling eliminated completely or to a min. level as well as an improved toughness and an excellent cutting property, by employing a specific binder precursor. SOLUTION: This is an abrasive article comprising a multiple no. of abrasive particles and a bonding system (material) which adheres the multiple no. of abrasive particles together, the bonding system comprising a binder, the binder being composed of a binder precursor (uncured binder) substantially free of an org. solvent, the binder precursor comprising a mixture of a urea-aldehyde resin and a water-dilutable resole phenolic resin, the mixture being catalyzed by an acid catalyst. The acid-catalyzed resin mixture is pref. at a pH of approximately 2.0-5.0. The acid catalyst is pref. a co-catalyst formed from of a Lewis acid and an org. or inorg. salt. This article is adhered to a supporting body having a primary surface to provide a coated abrasive material. COPYRIGHT: (C)1996,JPO


Internet drives the diversification of network applications. As telecommunication operators widely deploy wireless mobile communication networks, the public can access network services if they are within the wireless signal range of mobile base stations. Therefore, a mobile device with computing process ability can allow access to an ubiquitous network via mobile communication network. The Android platform released from Google allows users to modify source code freely, hence facilitating the development of software applications and improving user interface and performance. Such free authorization can safeguard developer's rights, and thus, it has commercial value. Based on the Android mobile phone, this study proposed the design and implementation of LBMMPS (Location Based Mobile Multimedia Pusher System), which pushes incident multimedia content to friends online in real time. The user can share incident videos, photos, and messages with other friends online in real time. By integrating GPS coordinates of incidents into Google Map, users can indicate the location where an incident occurs via a map interface. LBMMPS records the location of a moving trajectory of a special incident, and shows the incident's movements on the map.


Based on the acoustic analog, we investigate both of the effects : disorder and (Pauli-blocking) interaction to the possible localization in electron gases by using the quantum discrete kinetic model. Effects of the disorder (or free-orientation : $\theta$ which is related to the relative direction of scattering of particles w.r.t. to the normal of the propagating plane-wave front) which is introduced into the \"{U}hling-Uhlenbeck equations together with those of the Pauli-blocking are presented. We obtain the possible phase diagram (related to the strength of disorders and the mean free path) which resembles qualitatively that proposed by Abrahams$^{1}$.


In this paper, we address the problem of energy-conscious cache placement in wireless ad hoc networks. We consider a network comprising a server with an interface to the wired network, and some nodes requiring access to the information stored at the server. In order to reduce access latency in such a communication environment, an effective strategy is caching the server information at some nodes distributed across the network. Caching, however, can considerably impact the system energy expenditure; for instance, disseminating information incurs additional energy burden. Since wireless devices have limited amounts of available energy, we need to design caching strategies that optimally trade-off between energy consumption and access latency. We pose our problem as an integer linear program. We show that this problem is the same as a special case of the connected facility location problem, which is known to be NP-hard. We devise a polynomial time algorithm which provides a sub-optimal solution. The proposed algorithm applies to any arbitrary network topology and can be implemented in a distributed and asynchronous manner. In the case of a tree topology, our algorithm gives the optimal solution. In the case of an arbitrary topology, it finds a feasible solution with an objective function value within a factor of 6 of the optimal value. This performance is very close to the best approximate solution known today, which is obtained in a centralized manner. We compare the performance of our algorithm against three candidate caching schemes, and show via extensive simulation that our algorithm consistently outperforms these alternative schemes.


(…) This study was carried out to verify growers' willingness to use these alternative methods and consumers' readiness to pay more for products cultivated in this way. The experimental results and information obtained from an opinion poll allow the Authors to consider integrated pest control as an alternative method to traditional chemical methods in agriculture


We report the first experimental observation of magnetic field effects on dielectronic recombination (DR) via highly excited Rydberg levels. Crossed static electric and magnetic fields E{sub y} and B{sub z} were imposed on the collision region in high resolution DR measurements with Li-like Cl{sup 14+} ions at the heavy ion storage ring TSR in Heidelberg. Enhancement of DR rate coefficients {alpha} for the group of high Rydberg states attached to the 2p{sub 1/2} and 2p{sub 3/2} series limits was observed when motional electric fields E{sub y} up to 380thinspthinspV/cm were introduced. The associated enhancement rate d{alpha}/dE{sub y} which we found to be constant at least for E{sub y}{le}100 V/cm decreased by almost a factor of 2 when the longitudinal field B{sub z} was increased from 20 to 69thinspthinspmT. {copyright} {ital 1999} {ital The American Physical Society}


The norm of silent acquiescence on the Supreme Court was thought to have been eviscerated in the twentieth century by certain institutional reforms and the rise of dissenting opinions. Given that silent acquiescence is difficult to observe, however, the extent to which this norm persists on the modern Court remains unclear. To overcome this observational difficulty, I analyze private memoranda exchanged by justices who served during the Burger Court. The empirical results suggest that silent acquiescence is a rare but regular occurrence on the modern Court, and is more likely to occur in comparatively unimportant cases. Notwithstanding institutional and personnel changes that limited silent acquiescence and precipitated an increase in dissenting opinions, it appears that the practice of go-along voting continued throughout the Burger Court. The results have implications for our understanding of separate opinion writing, judicial decision-making, and judicial legitimacy.


Heat-capacity measurements show that the entropy reduction associated with the formation of the spin-compensated state in $\mathrm{Cu}\mathrm{Cr}$ is $R\mathrm{ln}(2S+1)$. The magnetic field dependence of the heat capacity of $\mathrm{Cu}\mathrm{Fe}$ suggests that at $T\ensuremath{\ll}{T}_{K}$ the susceptibility has the form $\ensuremath{\chi}={\ensuremath{\chi}}_{0}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}[1\ensuremath{-}15{(\frac{T}{{T}_{K}})}^{2}]$, which is consistent with the third law of thermodynamics.


The major problem of the Journal of Hypertension during the year 2003 has been a healthy one (i.e. the increasing number of submitted papers: over 650 original papers and over 100 editorial commentaries). The quality of the submitted material, coupled with obvious constraints about the number of pages available, is causing some backlog of manuscripts and some regrettable delay between acceptance and publication. This problem is one that the Editors are keen to solve promptly, with the kind collaboration of the Publishers and the guidance of the Management Committee.


Hepatotoxicity induced by oral co-administration of paracetamol (APAP) (500 mg / kg) and alcohol (5 ml/ kg ) to each rat for two and four weeks .On the other hand, oral administration of whey protein isolate (WPI), alpha-lactalbumin (α-LA) and beta-lactoglobulin (β-LG) are used as therapeutic agents, in two dose levels (100 and 200 mg/kg) after induction of hepatotoxicity in both two and four weeks ,then liver tissue and blood sample collected. Oral administrated of APAP (500 mg / kg ) and alcohol (5 ml/ kg ) for two and four weeks increase in serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). While, oral administration of WPI, α-LA and β-LG after APAP and alcohol resulted in reduction in serum AST and ALT activities , serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α) and hepatic lipid peroxidation marker malondialdehyde (MDA),while increase oxidative stress biomarkers (hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Histopathological examination showed disruption of normal architecture, mononuclear cellular infiltration. After treatment with WPI, α-LA and β-LG, remarkable improvement in histological structure of liver tissues was observed. Conclusion: Induction of hepatotoxicity by APAP and alcohol improved by oral administration of whey protein (WP), -Lactalbumin (-LA) and β-Lactoglobulin (β-LG) after two and four weeks in rats.


During the years 1991/92, the dynamics of the adult population of Cacopsylla pyri L. was studied in Greece (region of Magnesia). At regular intervals during the year, estimates were obtained of the size of the population of males and females, percentage gravid females, sex ratio, number of eggs per gravid female and daily rate of oviposition. The adult population of pear psylla was sampled in such a way that estimates can be directly related quantitatively with simultaneous estimates of the immature stages. During most of the year females were more abundant than males except during the period of high adult emergence and the period of diapause when sex ratio remained close to 1:1.


Neutrophil elastase (NE), is an important host defence against lung pathogens. Maintaining a homeostatic balance between proteases such as NE and anti‐proteases such as secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), is important to prevent tissue damage. In the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, elevated protease levels and impaired anti‐protease defences contribute to tissue destruction.


The requirements are periodically updated based upon a practice analysis which is a systematic process to delineate the job responsibilities typically required of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technologists. The result of this process is a task inventory which is used to develop the clinical competency requirements (see section 4 below) and the content specifications which serve as the foundation for the didactic competency requirements (see section 3 below) and the examination.


This paper taked advantage of the property of wavelet transform and multiscale resolution analysis and maked a analysis of edge detection of image from multiscale point of view and concludes multiscale edge detection algorithms which bases on wavelet transform modulus maxima.Through the result of the standard image of Lena' s edge detection,we found that multiscale edge detection algorithms can get more details than edge detection algorithms and Canny algorithms and make the mage more real.


Building use and operation account for 40% of the total energy consumption in Europe. Energy efficiency is not only an architectural issue. How a building is used and operated will have a high impact on total energy consumption. The objective of this paper is to integrate principles for energy-efficient architecture and sustainable facilities management. The integrative approach targets the cooperation of architects and facilities managers towards improvements to buildings' energy-efficiency. In addition, it contributes to the changing focus of FM from cost reduction towards adding quality and value. The theoretical background to the research presented here is founded on the theory of post-occupancy evaluation and building performance evaluation. The theory and its exemplary applications are discussed regarding energy-efficiency improvements to architectural design and facilities management. Findings are structured regarding how architects and facilities managers can benefit from an integrative approach. It is concluded that there is a general need to systematically study how buildings are used and operated in order to maximize their full potential for effective and efficient energy consumption.


Language usage on social media varies widely even within the context of American English. Despite this, the majority of natural language processing systems are trained only on "Standard American English," or SAE, the construction of English most prominent among white Americans. For hate speech classification, prior work has shown that African American English (AAE) is more likely to be misclassified as hate speech. This has harmful implications for Black social media users as it reinforces and exacerbates existing notions of anti-Black racism. While past work has highlighted the relationship between AAE and hate speech classification, no work has explored the linguistic characteristics of AAE that lead to misclassification. Our work uses Twitter datasets for AAE dialect and hate speech classifiers to explore the fine-grained relationship between specific characteristics of AAE such as word choice and grammatical features and hate speech predictions. We further investigate these biases by removing profanity and examining the influence of four aspects of AAE grammar that are distinct from SAE. Results show that removing profanity accounts for a roughly 20 to 30% reduction in the percentage of samples classified as 'hate' 'abusive' or 'offensive,' and that similar classification patterns are observed regardless of grammar categories.


Abstract: What sets Hughes' musical poetry apart from those of others is that his poems faithfully embody the forms and themes of the music he pursues and its evolution process, without partially borrowing or embodying musical elements superficially. This research will analyze Hughes' boogie woogie poems and bebop poems compared with the typical format of blues and jazz, which have been the representative and symbolic music to African Americans. This paper will first examine the spiritual element of jazz and blues that represents African American's periodical emotion in American history through the gradual growth and change of a greatest black poet Langston Hughes' ideology and poetry. With the examination of Hughes' various experimental techniques and literary skills proven in his different poems, this study will reflect African American's desire for their delayed dream to come true which is to be completely free and positive even in all the yoke of chaotic American history. Based on the concrete analysis of African American's typical dialect, their true language being used in their daily lives, this study will also discuss on the accomplishment of black aesthetics in Hughes' pomes which was his final goal as a writer. This research will look into the social theme and psychological colonialism embraced in his poems. As a result, this paper will suggest black's unique aesthetic identity Hughes tried to embody in all his life. For that purpose, this study will adapt the theory of George M. Fredrickson and Lawrence Levine for the exploration of black culture and black's unique consciousness, and the theory of J. Tolson for the analysis of Langston Hughes' jazz poems methodologically. This research intends to reinterpret African American's own aesthetics, and to propose another chance for diverse races coexisting in America to understand each other's characteristic.


Due to its environmental consequences, acid mine drainage (AMD) has been recognized as a major challenge to the global mining industry. Through the innovative use of magnetic seeds, a versatile ambient temperature ferrite (ATF) process has been developed to treat AMDs containing such nonferrous heavy metal ions as Cu2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Mn2+, and Al3+. These metal ions proved detrimental to ferrite formation using the existing ATF process, particulary when lime was used as neutralizer. The use of magnetic seeds in the ATF process minimized the interference. The role of the chemical environment in ferrite formation from an AMD with the addition of magnetic seeds was investigated. Compared with the conventional seed processes, controlling the solution chemistry resulted in a reduced amount of seed needed to recover an equal amount of crystalline magnetic precipitates. With a relatively short processing period (less than 2.5 h), up to 100% of the precipitates were magnetically recovered from a simulated AMD. The ...


The insecticides concentrations in drinking water were determined at different sampling stations in northern suburbs of Tehran during fall and winter 2008-2009. The level of residual concentration of insecticides was determined by HPLC and GC/MS techniques. The results showed that the most widely used compound is Benomyl and the recorded chromatograms by HPLC and GC/MS for drinking water of each village do not show any insecticides of any kind in the sources of groundwater in this region as wells or springs.


Summary Frost damage to potatoes, grapevine and citrus plants was assessed following treatment with either an acrylic polymer (Antistress TM ) or with a hydrophobic particle film (CM-96-018). In large freezing tests, the application of the hydrophobic particle film consistently led to less damage whilst the acrylic polymer led to the same amount or more damage when compared to control plants. Detailed examination of the freezing of leaves of all three species using infrared thermal imaging revealed that the hydrophobic particle film delayed the entry of ice from a frozen water droplet containing ice nucleating active bacteria and in some cases for the complete duration of the frost test. In contrast, the acrylic polymer was only able to influence the time of ice nucleation of the leaves of citrus plants. It was concluded that the hydrophobic particle film shows considerable promise as a frost protectant applied to susceptible crops just prior to a freezing event.