Public relations is constantly increasing, as the need has increased significantly in recent times, and it has become widely used by many institutions and organizations to improve their image among their external audiences, and at the same time marketing aims to establish relationship with the consumer public, which is part of the general public of public relations, and this by knowing its needs and desires in order to respond to them, and this type of overlap in targeting and objectives has created confusion and ambiguity between the two terms, and this made us wondering, do they really together form two complementary modes of communication within the institutions, and do they form a common balance that should be called marketing communication? Is it known as the basic integrated marketing communication between them and some other communication activities (advertising, promotion, sales enablement, etc.), which together aim to communicate with external audiences and build relationships with them based on the nature of the objectives to be achieved and the situations that the institutions are going through.


In Back-to-Back converters, the controlled DC-voltage power port is employed as an integral part of the HVDC systems, variable-speed wind-power units, power electronics transformers (PETs) and other applications. The high variations in the DC-voltage power port tend to propagate disturbances to the AC electrical grids. For this purpose, the application of the active damping control technique applied to the DC regulation loop is proposed in this paper. This is featured by a higher capacity of regulation of the DC-voltage power port in the face of external perturbations or changes in the bidirectional power flow. The mathematical model and simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the PI tuning parameters applied to Back-to-Back converters.


We propose details of a novel clustering scheme which combines distributed clustering considering local node density and centralized clustering considering residual energy of sensor nodes. Our scheme dynamically adjusts to a recommended numbers of clusters and cluster size. Differing to existing clustering schemes, our scheme deploys a base station that selects proper cluster heads based on their residual energy. Our scheme greatly extends network lifetime as compare to existing schemes.


Rapidly increasing and urbanized world populations require the use of fertiliser for more efficient food production. Polyhalite provides this by sustainable and low carbon means. The world's largest known high‐grade Polyhalite deposit is located under the North York Moors National Park in the north‐east of England at a depth of about 1,550 m. In order to protect the national park, the mineral is processed outside the park on the coast near Wilton, Teesside. The mineral is transported there on a conveyor belt running in a 37 km long tunnel between the Woodsmith mine and the portal in Wilton. Strabag was awarded with the design and construction of the 37 km long tunnel, including the mineral transport system. The total contract value amounts to several hundred million Euros with a 100 % share for Strabag. The biggest challenges for this very long tunnel drive are especially the logistics. High safety standards and a tight time schedule, funding issues and contractual changes have resulted in additional challenges. Close cooperation with the Client's team on site has been key for achieving best results for the project.


The present invention relates to a health care system and method using iris diagnosis. The system of the present invention comprises: an iris-image-acquiring unit for photographing the iris of a user to acquire an iris image; an image-processing unit for processing the iris image acquired by the iris-image-acquiring unit to extract iris characteristic parameters for the type, location, size, and color of the pattern formed on the fibrous tissue of the iris; a database unit for storing constitution classification information and health condition information according to the iris characteristic parameters, and health care information for each constitution; and a control unit for analyzing the constitution and health condition of the user on a basis of the iris characteristic parameters extracted from the image-processing unit, and providing health care information for the constitution and health condition of the user. The health care system of the present invention operates in connection with a door open/shut system, thereby enabling the user to undergo a constitutional or physical examination in a convenient manner during daily life without setting aside time or performing conscious actions for health examination, and also providing customized health care information appropriate for the constitution of the user.


We are pleased to welcome Deborah Long, of Plantlife Scotland, and Jenny Bryce who has succeeded Angus Macdonald from SNH. We thank Angus for his valuable contributions over the last few years. We also welcome Keith Miller to the group, representing views of the walkers and climbers via the MC of S, and Mark Wrightham, who will deputise in Keith's absence.


This study reports the results of sampling soil within a field experiment at CEFS, the Cherry Farm, Goldsboro, North Carolina. The experiment tested effects of six years of conservation tillage with cover crops, contrasted with chisel plow/disk tillage without cover crops, under three crop rotations. In April, 2003 two sets of undisturbed core samples were collected from six mapped soil areas, at depth increments of 0-2 and 2-5 inches, replicated four times. One set was used for soil bulk density; the other provided soil carbon and total nitrogen contents. The study found strong and consistent inverse correlations between soil carbon content and bulk density. Under conservation tillage the surface two inches generally sustained suitable density for root activities. However, at 2-5 inches density approached or exceeded 1.6 g cm-3. Given the textures involved, this density likely would affect root growth, especially under non-ideal, wet/cool or dry/hard conditions. This would be especially important for crop establishment within this prime rooting zone. This low carbon/high-density problem was less likely for soils containing the influences of more silt with less sand. It was greater when corn, peanut and cotton were grown compared to producing soybean or wheat/soybean with corn. This study revealed increased carbon sequestration from the conservation tillage systems used, along with increased total N content in the surface five inches of soil. Conservation tillage as practiced helped to reduce the "greenhouse effect" and lessened N leaching losses, holding more of these elements within the topsoil. INTRODUCTION The use of continuous conservation tillage has become an important practice for many farmers, and for some, an essential one. Through improved equipment and technology of recent years it has provided increased production efficiency, allowing them to use much less labor and fuel per acre. This has allowed them to expand acreage, thereby gaining economies of scale in the use of their labor, capital and management. Many farm operations have accepted and benefited from financial incentive programs in support of one or more components of conservation tillage concepts and technology offered by federal, state and local agencies, as well as by agricultural input suppliers having similar environmental interests. To these agencies and suppliers the use of continuous conservation tillage is a preferred approach toward their assigned missions and their business objectives. It promises proven benefits in the prevention of soil erosion and protection of the quality of our natural resources, including soil, water, air and wildlife habitat. When weather conditions are reasonably good, most farmers are quite content with crop performance and yields under conservation tillage. However, slow early seedling growth is sometimes observed when the no-till planting method is used, particularly in some field conditions


In my work, I focused on the deposition of metallic and non-metallic materials by metal coatings especially zinc. One part is devoted to an overview of coating techniques, which are describes and compares the properties of the resulting surfaces, suitability, preparation methods, advantages and disadvantages of these processes. Further are compared some technologies zinc plating in terms of several parameters


The increase of energy demand combined with the no renewal of oil sources demands that internal combustion engines are each time less pollutant and at the same time economic. In the other hand, the development of more compact and powerfull engines causes higher mechanical efforts of the engine working parts. An alternative to improve tribological behavior of surfaces is the application of new materials with interesting properties in severe systems as engines. In this work, we have investigated tribological behaviour of a DLC-Si film deposited on steel substrate by a DC PACVD method. Linear reciprocating tribometer tests have showed that there is a great decrease in friction coefficient for coated samples. The lifetime curve has demonstrated the destruction of the film for values above 875000 cycles. It was observed the increase of hardness for coated samples in 3 times. SEM immages suggest a mechanism of transfer film, which is responsable for the low friction of DLC films. Raman spectroscopy curve shows peaks D and G in shifts 1333cm and 1531 cm, which are typical values for DLC.


Fundamental problems will confront those who wish to take full advantage of the power of tomorrow`s multimodal environments. We argue that our recently introduced concept of meta-widget, when embedded within a high level, networked user interface server, can support the effective implementation of complex multimedia applications. We develop algorithms which enable a multimodal system to select the ``best`` combination of representations for the various ``information packets`` in a display at any moment. If no acceptable - combination of available representations can be found, strategies are provided for creating a new and useful, if not beautiful, representation to resolve the impasse. A running example is provided to motivate and clarify the discussion.


The smart vapor retarder (SVR) is primarily a vapor barrier membrane that is sensitive to ambient relative humidity (RH) and controls water vapor diffusion through the insulated exterior walls. This paper presents experimental findings from accelerated aging tests, simulating long-term performance indicators, on SVR and compares them with similar observations made on a traditional 6-mil poly (i.e., polyethylene) vapor and air barrier. Elevated temperature and ultraviolet (UV) light were the two primary environmental agents used to accelerate the aging process. The performance of the vapor barrier was assessed from water vapor permeance, air permeance, and tensile strength properties at various stages of aging. The results from these tests indicate that water vapor permeance, air permeance and mechanical properties of SVR do change due to accelerated aging. In aged SVR material, compared to the original specimens, the RH dependency of the water vapor permeance at higher RH levels appears to be less evident. However, overall performance of SVR, compared to 6-mil poly, does not exhibit significant concerns about its accelerated weathering performance or serviceability.


From the Publisher:
This volume is a presentation of all methods of legal knowledge representation from the point of view of jurisprudence as well as computer science. A new method of automatic analysis of legal texts is presented in four case studies.


Rotor method for delaying crack propagation by an electromagnetic actuator, linear crack during operation of the rotor, the control system of the position detecting means of real-time acquisition of the nonlinear vibration signal crack rotor position, and a position signal to said vibration signal amplifier amplifies process, converting the amplified analog signal into a processed digital signal to a computer control system; real-time computer control parameter calculated using an electromagnetic actuator position of the rotor vibration signal; a control system of the control parameter convert digital signals into analog signals to control the current source amplifier, a current generating control signals to generate a corresponding electromagnetic actuator electromagnetic force, a vibration control system rotor crack does not exceed a predetermined stable operating threshold, the nonlinear rotor holding time is in the closed crack status. The present invention may be controlled by an electromagnetic linear actuator crack rotor vibration while effectively delay the extension of cracks nonlinear rotor.


For the purpose of desymmetrizing classical, computed profiles, we use the Egelstaff time transformation for both the translational and the rotational collision-induced absorption profiles of pairs of linear molecules. For simplicity, we assume an isotropic interaction potential, so that the translational and rotational motions are not coupled. Comparison of the desymmetrized, classical profiles with quantum computations show a high degree of consistency, and seem to suggest a broader applicability of our approach, perhaps even to the important case of anisotropic interactions.


ABSTRACT The literature on integrating sustainability in higher education curricula has identified a series of circumstances that can hinder or slow down the transition towards education for sustainable development. This article assesses the influence of two of these circumstances in Spanish universities: teachers' insufficient support for the principles and objectives of sustainable development and their reluctance to consider conveying values as part of their teaching duties. The article collects evidence from the opinions of instructors obtained via a survey, and it concludes that neither of the two circumstances can explain the slowness with which the principles of education for sustainable development are permeating university curricula.


We have not been very systematic about our quest to improve teaching, even though we value it highly and frequently do well at it. I am struck, for example, by the lack of conversation about what pedagogy means, and what makes it successful. It is our profession, yet it is mysteriously absent from our professional discourse. Here we are, engaged in an activity that is vital to ourselves, our students, and our public—yet we speak of how to do it, if at all, as though it had no data base, lacked a history, and offered no innovative challenges. (Donald Kennedy, 1990, Stanford President's Address: Stanford in Its Second Century)


The pro-natalist social policy that has been developed in Bulgaria is described. This policy focuses on the development and protection of the nuclear family unit and on the development of responsible attitudes toward marital and parental roles among young people. (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)


According to superposition compression arch structure and the interaction mechanical characteristics of cavern rock,a reliability analysis model of large-span cavern of a high-stress mine is set up on the basis of limit equilibrium theory.the reliability index of the large-span and high-stress cavern is determined by using first-order reliability method.The suitable Jinchuan Mine's reliability index calculation formula is obtained through the mean and variance calculations of three variations parameters-cavern construction features,geological survey and rock mechanics.Jinchuan Mine No.3 crusher cavern of the reliability index is calculated,the minimum value of 1.137.The reliability index and failure probability is existing definete relationship if the random variables of affecting crusher cavern stability is normal distribution,The failure risk probability of cavern structure is less than 5.87% according to the standard normal distribution function,and the stability reliability of the cavern is greater than 94.13% to meet the stability requirements cavern.


Two major events will be shaping discussion on agricultural policy matters during the coming years: the upcomingEUenlargement involving preparations, negotiations of terms of entry, and perhaps membership for the ®rst wave of applicants; and unfoldingWTO negotiations. There is no shortage of proposals for CAP reform in response to these challenges and I am not going to launch another one here. Instead, I would like to address some of the underlying theoretical issues for which agricultural economic research could contribute to the discourse on the design of an ecient and equitable policy. The topic is huge. Fortunately, there are several common themes that are relevant to the discussion of both enlargement and trade relations. I will concentrate on three of those common themes. Even by keeping strictly to these three areas, time constraints will unavoidably create a bias in my remarks. For the same reasons, I will, moreover, concentrate on highlighting the research issues rather than on providing a `state-of-the-art' assessment. The topics I will address are: Domestic or national policies and distortion of competition. The impact of domestic policies and compatibility of various domestic interventions with liberalisation of international trade is an old issue. Similar questions are, however, also likely to be raised in relation to the internal market, especially for the enlarged EU, as diversity of conditions and preferences is likely to increase, making it necessary to allow for more national discretion. Non-tari€ barriers to trade. Rules and regulations (Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standards (SPS) and Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT)) are becoming more favoured as means of border protection since classical trade barriers have been disciplined. Adjustment to the acquis communautaire (especially as a large part of it is connected to the agricultural and food sector) raises fundamentally the same sets of issues as SPS in the context of international trade negotiations. Status of compensation payments. In terms of budget appropriations, direct payments have now emerged as the major policy instrument of the CAP. European Review of Agricultural Economics Vol 26 (3) (1999) pp. 265±281


This paper reveals the essence of the concept of "e-Government" and provides a brief overview of the main trends and areas of implementation of the public administration principles based on new technologies. Most of the work is devoted to studying the experience of the application of information and communication technology in public administration of the Visegrad Group countries (evidence from the Czech Republic and Hungary), Georgia and Belarus. As part of the analysis performed, this article highlights the main achievements, which the said states reached in the study area, identifies problems and provides recommendations to accelerate the implementation of E-government framework in the near future.


Based on construction projects,the paper probes into the role of trust as a mediator in the theory model of "organizational culture → trust→ organizational effectiveness" based on a survey. Denison organizational culture questionnaire、Sako trust questionnaire and Bryde organizational effectiveness questionnaire,were used in the survey,and 301 valid samples were collected. The research shows that trust takes partial effects as a mediator;contract trust plays a partial positive role in all dimensions of organizational culture to affect organizational effectiveness;ability trust plays a partial positive role in the dimensions of involvement and adaptability as to affect organizational effectiveness;kind trust plays a partial positive role in the dimension of involvement as to affect organizational effectiveness,but plays a partial negative role in the dimension of mission as to affect organizational effectiveness.


The author expresses the belief that the central problems in advancing artificial intelligence (AI) systems continue to be problems of representing knowledge, especially world and common-sense knowledge, extracting knowledge from sensory data, problems of knowledge acquisition and learning, understanding plausible reasoning, such as approximate deduction, induction and analogy, and related problems. The author suggests that AI is a very successful discipline despite the failure some not-carefully-expressed predictions. It needs steady, long-term-oriented support, although perhaps not necessarily at a very high level. The expectations need to be toned down, and intensive and imaginative research should continue unabated. Potential benefits to society are very high.<<ETX>>


BackgroundPrevious experimental studies have shown that the effect of serotonin on a coronary stenosis depends on whether that stenosis is compliant or fixed. However, the relation between coronary stenosis morphology and the response to serotonin in patients with angina is not known. Methods and ResultsUsing computerized quantitative coronary angiography, we studied the effects of intracoronary infusion of serotonin on 38 coronary stenoses of different morphologies (concentric, eccentric, complicated) in 11 patients with stable angina and 4 with variant angina. In response to the maximum infused concentration of serotonin, 100% of complicated stenoses and 50% of concentric stenoses constricted by ≥20% (P≤.05). The magnitude of constriction was greater at eccentric stenoses (32.08±4.1%) than concentric stenoses (15.68±2.8%, P≤.05) and greater in complicated stenoses (57.69±7.6%, P≤.05) than eccentric stenoses. At complicated stenoses, the constriction was greater (0.85±0.16 mm, P≤.05) than at the adjacent reference segments (0.42±0.12 mm). It was similar to the reference segment for both concentric and eccentric stenoses. The constriction at the stenosis was greater for irregular (complicated) lesions than for smooth (concentric and eccentric) lesions in both patients with stable (51.8±73% versus 22.5±4.1%, P≤.001) and those with variant (77±17% versus 28.2±8.1%, P≤.05) angina. There was a weak correlation (r=.39) of magnitude of constriction with stenosis length but not with baseline stenosis severity (minimum diameter). ConclusionsIn these patients, the magnitude of the vasoconstrictor response to serotonin at the site of an atheromatous coronary plaque depends on the morphological characteristics of the plaque and is more closely related to irregular contour than stenosis severity or length. This relation suggests that variations in receptor type or density or in the smooth muscle cell response to stimulation may determine the response to locally released serotonin in patients with coronary disease.


The aims of the study were to census and compare the technological pedagogical and content knowledge (TPACK) of secondary science teachers and their most used information and communication technology (ICT) in two contexts, Taiwan and Shaanxi Province in China. A questionnaire was employed to examine secondary school science teachers' most used ICT and their TPACK in science teaching. Eight hundred and six secondary science teachers from Taiwan and 164 teachers from Shaanxi participated in the study. The analytical results showed that multimedia was the most used ICT in Taiwan, followed by PowerPoint (PPT), Internet platforms, and interactive whiteboards (IWBs). In Shaanxi, PPT was the most used ICT reported by science teachers, followed by multimedia, IWBs, and Internet platforms. The findings indicated that in Taiwan, science teachers' TPACK was statistically significant in relation to different types of ICT, whereas in Shaanxi, science teachers' TPACK did not demonstrate significant difference. In Taiwan, science teachers who reported their most used ICT to be multimedia were found to show significant differences in TPACK according to gender and teaching experience. In Shaanxi, science teachers who reported their most used ICT to be PPT did not show any significant difference on TPACK by gender; however, they showed significant differences on TPACK in regard to teaching experience. The research implications of this study are provided below along with suggestions for future research.


Humor: die Verflüssigung des Subjekts bei Hippokrates, Jean Paul, Kierkegaard und Freud [Humor: Fluidity and subjectivity in Hippocrates, Jean Paul, Kierkegaard and Freud] by Kai Rugenstein is a journey through time in German. It follows the term 'humor' in its evolution from being understood as something purely physical (i. e., a bodily fluid) to the term aswe use it today: as an umbrella term for everything funny (the Anglo-American application); or as a world view; or relating to a psychological state, ability or quality, an enduring disposition or trait (i. e., the sense of humor as described in Ruch 2004 andRuch 2008). The journey stops off in the three periods in which Jean Paul, Søren Kierkegaard, and Sigmund Freud wrote about humor, and it connects these three accounts by arguing that humor relates to subjectivity within the individual. Rugenstein maintains that the term humor possesses three levels of meaning: the physical, the physiological, and the psychological; and his main hypothesis is that the individual ("the subject") in all humor is located at the intersection of these three fields. Like a mirror, humor offers a reflection and gives a double perspective. Thus it allows us to behave and react in certain ways towards objects, while, through reflection and perspective taking, we also learn something about ourselves. Furthermore, humor helps us to cope with the human condition, which is a serious matter. Therefore, humor and seriousness (the seriousness of life which ends in death) are necessarily linked. Last but not least, humor enables a range of actions and can thus be fruitfully used in the wider context of psychotherapy. The book is tripartite, with the first part giving a genealogical perspective on the evolution of the term humor as we know it today, while part two gives an account of how humor relates to ethics, and the third section elaborates on the subject of humor in therapy. Each part begins with a problem statement and ends with a résumé of its main ideas. Since humor must be interpreted in its historic context, the term itself will necessarily evolve, and Rugenstein vividly explains which circumstances and conditions led to the relevant changes. William Congreve's 1695 essay, "Concerning Humor 2016; 29(2): 329–332


In this article we determined that thought may be false in the language and we tried to show that how solve this problems whit canon of classical logic that major aim is protect the thought to fall of error.


This paper describes a study of cervical screening in 50 general practices in the East Berkshire Health District over a period of 2½ years. Six practices organized their own practice based screening scheme. Thirty‐nine participated in a district organized scheme and five did not actively participate in any scheme.


In this paper concept of coincidence of variable and methods for checking coincidence of model and variables are presented. Particularly Hellwig's hypothesis and methods for constructing model with difference compensators are described. It makes possible keeping non coincidentional variables in model.


Introduction [1] AN EFFORT TO BRING INTO A SINGLE FIELD OF VISION TRANSNATIONAL MIGRATION, crime, and popular justice may appear strange. I hope to show, however, that these categorically different activities can, in fact, be related to one another as distinct responses to economic and political fields of power reconfigured through Mexico's deepening incorporation into international capitalism. None involves organized resistance or presents a viable alternative around which progressive political movements might coalesce. Yet these responses problematize rule -- even as they (temporarily) prop it up -- because they appear in many circumstances to be the products of subject identities that reject the state's claims to rest its authority on a purported social contract. Delinquency involves a rejection of law, lynching reflects a breakdown in the institutionalized justice system, and transnational migration challenges the state's sovereign control of territory, especially when economic and political decisions affecting relations in rural Mexican communities are made by transmigrants in New York City or California (see Smith, 1999). Social Fields of Power Pierre Bourdieu's idea of social fields provides a useful point of departure. For Bourdieu, social fields are relatively bounded social domains, composed of "positions" endowed with differing amounts of "capital" (economic, cultural, and symbolic). The positions' occupants struggle to augment their capital or to change the field's rules or boundaries in their favor (Bourdieu, 1990). According to Bourdieu, the strategies that actors employ are produced by "generative schemes" or "durable dispositions," which he calls habitus, representing the mental form of the structured fields in which the actors themselves were shaped. He notes that habitus is "a model for the production of practices and a system of models for the perception and appreciation of practices. And in both cases its operations express the social position in which it was constructed" (Ibid.: 131). By definition, social fields are complex and positions multiple, meaning that the habitus of social actors occupying those positions vary, even if the overall domination of one group gives it more latitude in structuring the field to its advantage and thus shaping the durable dispositions of the field's other occupants. In a somewhat different context, William Roseberry (1994: 360-361) referenced this when he defined hegemony as the manner in which "the words, images, symbols, forms, organizations, institutions, and movements used by subordinate populations to talk about, understand, confront, accommodate themselves to, or resist their domination are shaped by the process of domination itself." Roseberry opined that, "What hegemony constructs...is not a shared ideology but a common meaningful and material framework for living through, talking about, and acting upon social orders characterized by domination." In his empirical work Bourdieu explores in great detail the positions, dispositions, and rules affecting struggles in specific French intellectual, religious, and educational social fields. As Bourdieu is well aware, though, social fields are not isolated but intertwined in local, regional, national, and international complexes. Neither are they of equal salience in shaping the contours of a society or the globe. To take one example, Bourdieu maintains that writers and artists who are dominant in the field of cultural production "are dominated in their relations with those who hold political and economic power" (1990: 145). To analyze fields dynamically and in interaction with one another, we can incorporate Bourdieu's perspective within the global vision of Eric Wolf (1982) and Sidney Mintz (1985). Wolf and Mintz treat social fields as multiple, overlapping, mutually affecting, and, at particular historical moments, hierarchically ordered. Their perspective is particularly important now that most local and national economies and cultures have become more open and vulnerable to outside influences because of quick, massive movements of commodities, capital, and, to a lesser degree, people (Harvey, 1989). …


T E DIFFICULTIES of conducting an accurate examination of selectees in the time available at an induction station are well known. In the light of these difficulties, the value of having a reliable source of social data concerning the registrants is considerable. This was recognized by National Selective Service in its directive on physical examination (Sec. 623-33): "Information [should be sought] from any source possible [that bears] on a history of mental disease in the family of the registrant or social maladjustment, poor work record; other mental or personality disorders of the registrant, or any physical condition which might cause the armed forces ultimately to reject the registrant." 1 At the Boston Induction Station two sources of such information have been employed. In Massachusetts, the Records Clearance Division of the First Service Command Recruiting and Induction Headquarters has for twelve months furnished the induction stations of the state with relevant social service information. The organization and method of obtaining this information have been described elsewhere." Names of all lA registrants are screened against the files of: 1. The State Department of Mental Health, for evidence of mental hospital commitment, examination by the Division of Mental Deficiency, or treatment in a mental hygiene clinic. 2. The -Department of Probation, for arrests and convictions. 3. Social Service Index, which records all


The paper deals with improving the accuracy of simulation results of geomechanical processes strata movement zones location of construction projects on earth surface at undermining their underground mining. An example of the determination of forecast zones dangerous displacement earth's surface and rock during the resumption of mining stocks ferruginous quartzite. Authors have developed methodological recommendations, which allow defining true physical and mechanical properties of rock massifs on the lab research results of samples and correction factors calculation eliminating properties irrelevance because of massif morphology peculiarities. The results of calculation by the proposed method differ by 6-10% from the actual. Solutions of the authors should be taken into account in the techniques of modeling subsidence and caving rock massifs by maintaining appropriate amendments to the calculated curves that allow establishing the basic parameters of the zones undermining arrays rock underground mining.


At 25±0.5℃,the mechanism of Mn(Ⅱ) extracted by P538' s cyclohexane sointion in the medinmof NaClO4-HClO4 is ion-exchange and H = - 196kJ. mol-1. The relation of D and the concentration of NaCl has been expAned with the ionhatbo of Cl- and competition of Mn2+ forming complexwith Cl-


Abstract A recent study showed that populations of the threatened Florida Sand Skink had limited loss of genetic diversity over the past 60 yr as a consequence of anthropogenic fragmentation. This study assumed that 60 yr represents 30–37 generations for the Florida Sand Skink, but a new evaluation of mark–recapture data shows that 60 yr represents only about 15 generations. This result suggests that too little time may have passed to observe the full genetic consequences of contemporary anthropogenic fragmentation in the Florida Sand Skink and reinforces similar results from other species. We suggest that snapshots of existing genetic variability in fragmented populations are limited in their ability to predict the evolutionary fate of a species unless life-history attributes of the organism are taken into account.


Today, in a generation of technological improvements, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (L.C.) is the selection for the treatment of symptomatic illnesses of gallbladder like cholecystitis and cholelithiasis. Legitimate pain control is essential for advancing scientific outcomes and previous ambulation after surgery. Results aren't suitable for daycare surgeries. It is minimally invasive with much less postoperative ache, rapid recuperation, lesser health facility live and return to everyday interest on the earliest1. Though laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a slightly invasive surgical procedure with more secondary perioperative pain scores assessment to open procedures, it is present with enormous ranges of postoperative ache. The present prospective, unmarried blinded, randomized manipulate study protected sixty patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy and aimed to compare the postoperative analgesia between the posterior transversus abdominis plane block and subcostal transversus abdominis aircraft block. The patients were randomly allotted to 2 businesses- Group 1 consisted of patients who received posterior T.A.P. block with zero. 2% Ropivacaine with Dexmedetomidine 1mcg/kg and Group 2 consisted of patients who obtained subcostal T.A.P. block with zero.2% Ropivacaine with Dexmedetomidine 1mcg/kg. All patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia. At the quit of the surgical operation earlier than extubation, both one of the blocks were executed on the affected person underneath ultrasound steering by the identical anaesthesiologist. The objectives of the study were to compare the postoperative pain relief based on VAS at rest and VAS at deep breathing, to compare the time taken for the administration of rescue analgesia (duration of analgesia) and to compare the time taken to perform the block.


There is a specialized niche for the electrohydrodynamic jetting of melts, from biomedical products to filtration and soft matter applications. The next frontier includes optics, microfluidics, flexible electronic devices, and soft network composites in biomaterial science and soft robotics. The recent emphasis on reproducibly direct‐writing continual molten jets has enabled a spectrum of contemporary microscale 3D objects to be fabricated. One strong suit of melt processing is the capacity for the jet to solidify rapidly into a fiber, thus fixing a particular structure into position. The ability to direct‐write complex and multiscaled architectures and structures has greatly contributed to a large number of recent studies, explicitly, toward fiber–hydrogel composites and fugitive inks, and has expanded into several biomedical applications such as cartilage, skin, periosteum, and cardiovascular tissue engineering. Following the footsteps of a publication that summarized melt electrowriting literature up to 2015, the most recent literature from then until now is reviewed to provide a continuous and comprehensive timeline that demonstrates the latest advances as well as new perspectives for this emerging technology.


The presented paper addresses the use of accessibility in the area of the town Levoča for the development of tourism and sport activities proposing hiking trails and other facilities suitable for outdoor activities. The researched area is located in suburban forests around the town of Levoča, which territory falls within the Forest Management Unit (FMU) of Levoča and has geomorphological location in the Levoča Mountains. Transport accessibility of this territory and the status of tourist use of the area has been mapped and analysed by field work. In this area there are located 48 liner transport communications at a density of 42.15 m.ha-1. After analysing the current state of accessibility, a proposal of routes for tourist use has been designed. The use of existing tourist area was accompanied by proposals for 13 new routes with the total length of 94.5 km, suitable for various physical activities, such as hiking, biking, horse riding, roller skating and/or cross country skiing. The proposal was accompanied by other service facilities such as a recreation centre, boarding facility, parking or small recreational buildings to increase the attractiveness and thus the competitiveness of the territory.


This comment is intended as a critique of Kielhofner and Barris's (1985) article, as part of a continuing dialogue about the organization of knowledge in our profession. We are pleased to see this subject introduced by the authors and welcome their bringing this important issue to the attention of the profession in this and other articles. We also hold the view, along with the authors, that such dialogue is critical to the continued documentation and furtherance of knowledge in occupational therapy. This comment is organized first to discuss the authors' interpretation of Mosey(1981) and Reed (1984). It goes on to critique the internal construction of Kielhofner and Barris's proposed scheme for organizing knowledge. It does not compare the methods of Mosey, Reed, and Kielhofner and Barris, nor does it debate which system of organizing knowledge is right or true.


The classification of remote-sensing images based on multiple information sources offers a consistent method for the automatic cartography of forest stands. However, fusion models reveal problems of combinatorial explosion due to the calculation of the assignment functions. This article proposes an information-fusion approach that responds to the need for updating the forest inventory, based on belief theory. It illustrates a solution that overcomes the problem of combinatorial explosion that arises with the evaluation of evidence-mass functions which are used as the frame of discernment events. This solution is based on a refinement of the frame of discernment based on the determination of all focal elements (singleton or composite hypothesis of non null masses). Thus, the combination of information source masses would involve only the focal elements masses. In the approach proposed here, the notions of fuzzy logic and possibility theory have been used for the calculation of masses and combinations between classes as an intermediary phase in arriving at belief functions. The result of the application of our fusion approach revealed a significant improvement in optimizing the calculation of mass evidence functions and thus achieving a satisfactory classification.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the reoxygenation injury of hyperoxic cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) to the children with congenital heart defects.METHODS 20 patients with congenital heart defect were randomly allocated in two groups according to the diseases,ie. the acyanotic group(n=10) and cyanotic group(n=10) .All patients had CPB primed and iniated at a fraction of inspired oxygenation(FiO_2) of 1.0.In jugular venous blood samples cTnI、 S100β and malondialdehyde(MDA) were measured at preCPB,1minute ,5 minutes and 10 minutes after CPB.Clinical variations were observed.RESULTS There was no difference in cTnI、S100β and MDA between th two groups before CPB , cTnI、 S100β and MDA level rose progressively after initation of CPB in the two groups.There was significant difference of cTnI at 1 minute and 5 minutes between the two groups(P0.01)S100β and MDA level rose markedly in the cyanotic group compared with the acyanotic group at 5 minutes and 10 minutes after initation of CPB(P0.05).There was no diference between the two groups in clinical observation.CONCLUSION Hyperoxic CPB leads to direct myocardial and cerebral injury induced by oxygen free radical.Reoxygenation injury was more severe in the cyanotic group than the acyanotic group.


The analysis of problems of formation of speech culture of teenagers. Examined the relationship between language and culture, showing how they interrelate. Presents the main features of speech culture of teenagers. The analysis revealed inappropriate language tools for a specific language situation.


Using the sol-gel method on glass substrate were prepared under different annealing temperature of the thin film Zn1-xCuxO (x = 6.27%). Using X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy study annealing on microstructure of the thin films, the influence of surface topography. The results show that the annealing temperature did not change the wurtzite structure of ZnO, 400 degrees of annealed film density uniform, best film. In the transmission spectra of zno thin films, the transmittance in the visible light range along with the change of the annealing temperature is not big, and the absorption edge of blue shift. From the point of light at room temperature to spectrum, annealing temperature changes with photoluminescence peak position, other did not significantly change the ZnO thin film luminescence peak position, but make zinc deficiency increased with annealing, visible region photoluminescence peak strength obvious enhancement.


Based on the equivalent transmission line concept, a simplified method has been developed to derive the dyadic Green's functions and field expansion coefficients for multilayer structures. An improved formulation of the singular integral equation method is presented for shielded multilayer microstrip lines. A systematic method for analytically calculating the final characteristic matrix to any order is also proposed. The developed numerical technique leads to an accurate and efficient determination of both propagation constants and field distributions for a large number of eigenmodes. For instance, 100 modes can easily be computed in reasonable CPU time. >


Part 1: Concepts and Tools 1. The World of Finance 2. The Financial Statements 3. Financial Concepts and Tools Part 2: Instruments and Transactions 4. Common and Preferred Stock 5. Loans and Bonds 6. Investment Funds 7. Derivatives and Insurance 8. Corporate Finance Part 3: Participants and Markets 9. Financial Participants 10. The Global Finance Markets.


This study aims to analyze the nine ceding companies of Supervised Internship and the 17 academics from 4th year of the course of Executive Secretariat - year of 2015, of the State University of the Midwest UNICENTRO. The study had as problematic: Is the d iagnosis a tool of aggregation of value to the company? Was the expectation that the ceding undertaking of the intership had with the achievement of organizational diagnosis reached? The overall objective was to analyze the companies and check that with th e development of Supervised Trainee and if the team of intership has been able to meet the expectations and needs of the company with the achievement of organizational diagnosis For this achievement, it has as specific objectives: a) to perform the organiz ational diagnosis; b) to know the companies and the expectations of the transferor organizations of Supervised Trainee of the year 2015; c) to present the Intership in the Secretariat and its importance in the organizational context and; d) To check if the propositions and suggestions include the expectations of the organizations. The methodology consists in knowing and identifying the companies for subsequent application of the qualitative method exploratory and descriptive research, research and study of multiple case. For data collection, there were structured interviews and participant observation. For the investigation of a study of case, the sources of evidence and data converge to the triangulation and specific approaches to the analysis of themselves . And as a result of the research, the organizational diagnosis constitutes as tool of aggregation of value to the company, because for the development of Supervised Trainee is of fundamental importance to know the organizational structure. Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi; mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}


Bayesian inference in the presence of an intractable likelihood function is computationally challenging. When following a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach to approximate the posterior distribution in this context, one typically either uses MCMC schemes which target the joint posterior of the parameters and some auxiliary latent variables or pseudo-marginal Metropolis-Hastings (MH) schemes which mimic a MH algorithm targeting the marginal posterior of the parameters by approximating unbiasedly the intractable likelihood. In scenarios where the parameters and auxiliary variables are strongly correlated under the posterior and/or this posterior is multimodal, Gibbs sampling or Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) will perform poorly and the pseudo-marginal MH algorithm, as any other MH scheme, will be inefficient for high dimensional parameters. We propose here an original MCMC algorithm, termed pseudo-marginal HMC, which approximates the HMC algorithm targeting the marginal posterior of the parameters. We demonstrate through experiments that pseudo-marginal HMC can outperform significantly both standard HMC and pseudo-marginal MH schemes.


Author(s): Smith, Theron Frederick Lee | Advisor(s): Washington, Gregory | Abstract: As fossil fuels continue to deplete, and emission standards become more strict, plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) become more attractive. However, higher PEV penetration increases power demand on the grid, and immediate charging can induce large peak demands. A control algorithm, Continuously Varying Valley Filling (CVVF), is presented to enhance PEV charging at the local power level while minimizing the effects of uncontrolled PEV charging. Two decision mechanisms within CVVF are explored, crisp and fuzzy logic, to implement a centralized real-time valley-filling strategy that determines the preferred charging rate for vehicles to minimize distribution transformers damage. The algorithm assessed in this analysis reduces the highest peak and the average load during charging of 75 kW transformers by 15.80% and 13.75%, respectively


The present work intends to discuss the spatialization of the latifundio and the socioenvironmental and political unfolding of this process as well as the class tensions between the latifundio and the peasantry as bearers of conflicting objectives in the field. In order to do so, it is based on the theory of land rent and the social function of the land for the understanding of the constitution of productive latifundia and its characteristics, which presupposes repositioning the use of the term agribusiness. Thus, the objective of the study is to show how land concentration has a devastating effect on society, at the same time that the peasant production unit presents itself as having the capacity to fulfill the social function of the land. The studies that prove this are based on the spatial clipping of the municipality of Ivinhema, located in the southwest of Mato Grosso do Sul. The methodology used consisted of a bibliographical survey in books, periodicals and newspapers on the subjects, data collection in agricultural censuses and production municipal IBGE, information on Ivinhema's agrarian structure with INCRA, and obtaining information through interviews with public servants, capitalist owners and peasants in the municipality. After analyzing the data in the light of the theoretical basis used, the prevalence of the rentier character of the private capitalist property of the land, here characterized as unproductive latifundio and productive latifundio, in view of the distinctions between both, to which agriculture was confronted peasant, qualitatively opposed to both in view of the productive use of land.


With the functional localization and developed scale of urban railway stations, some patterns of station integrated developments (SID) were concluded in which carried out Transit Oriented Development (TOD) and their characteristics were explained. Then with the interaction between land-use and transportation, the planning method for railway station district with objectives of compacting land-use and conserving energy was put forward. The method is comprised of three steps. First, land-use planning model which proposed multi-objectives of maximizing land value and rail ridership, and minimizing walking time around station. According to this model, the initial control planning scenario is changed for a compared one with modified land type, area and plot ratio. Second, through simulation and evaluation, the compared scenario is adjusted with the transportation network restraint. Third, the planning guidelines of both land-use and transportation are formulated. This method was applied in planning Riverside Newtown, which is the pilot district with "resource-saving and environment-friendly" of Changsha of China.


This paper estimated the stability of peanut milk through mechanism study from three different ways before and after sterilization. Through the rate of centrifugal sedimentation and the rate of fatty float, several macroscopical ways were used to judge the stability of peanut milk emulsion. Through microscopical photographs to estimate the stability of peanut milk from microcosmic way. The pH, viscosity and conductibility were used to help judge the stability of peanut milk emulsion.


Sunflower cake, used as an alternative protein source for animal feed, has a high percentage of crude fiber (26.92% DM) due to the presence of the pericarp. The pericarp reduces the digestibility and therefore its nutritive value. By the dehulling technique it is possible to obtain a product with a reduced content in crude fiber and high protein. Dehulling of sunflower akenes is a very complicated productive process and its final result is largely dependent on the dehulling intensity. For this trial three different sunflower cakes were used, all three taken from the same lot of sunflower seeds (Albena variety), but one obtained from integral akenes and the other two with different dehulling intensities (moderate/intense). The following analyses were carried out on the three sunflower cakes: chemical composition by ASPA methods, gross energy content measured with an adiabatic calorimeter bomb and an amino-acid profile with an "Amino acids-analyser". An estimate of in vivo apparent digestibility and degradability in situ was made as well. The results of this trial show that the dehulling effect was very considerable and it significantly increased (P < 0.05) the apparent digestibility coefficient in the diets resulting from different dehulling intensities; only crude protein (67.34, 70.58 and 71.60% for integral cake, moderate and intensive dehulling respectively) and the N-free extract (68.06, 76.30 and 75.93% for integral cake, moderate and intensive dehulling respectively) did not show significant differences. On the basis of these results, it appears that the moderate dehulling is sufficient to increase the digestibility of the nutrients of the three different sunflower cakes. A more intensive dehulling does not improve the nutritional characteristics. In order to obtain a significant increase (P < 0.05) of crude fibre and ether extract digestibility a more intensive dehulling is necessary. On the other hand, degradability of the nitrogen fraction tends to decrease progressively (71.60, 50.66 and 49.82% for integral cake, moderate and intensive dehulling respectively) when the dehulling intensity increases.


The past 15 years have seen revolutionary developments in the treatment of varicose veins, as new methods have been introduced and adopted widely. Historically, thorough surgery (typically saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal ligation, with 'stripping' of the incompetent truncal vein and phlebectomies) was the standard, and remains so, as the comparator for any new approach. Endothermal techniques have become commonly used as alternatives to ligation and stripping; these ablate the great or small saphenous vein by passage of a radiofrequency or laser catheter up the vein under duplex ultrasound guidance. Conventional sclerotherapy (using liquid sclerosant) continues to be used for selected veins of limited extent, but ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy has become a popular method of treatment for more extensive varicose veins. Still newer methods, such as techniques that combine sclerotherapy with mechanical disruption of the vein endothelium, injection of glue and steam ablation, are also emerging. Endothermal ablation and foam sclerotherapy were initially adopted with patchy and rather inadequate evidence, driven by a desire for less invasive methods, enthusiasm to innovate, and financial motives in private practice (because they offer the potential for 'office-based' procedures). In recent times, the evidence base has increased significantly and this issue of BJS contains the reports of three important trials and a major review with cost-effectiveness modelling of varicose vein treatments1–4. The full results of another substantial UK trial (the CLASS trial) will also be published before long (J. Brittenden et al., unpublished results). All these new data follow hard on the heels of influential guidance, published by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)5 in the UK, which has recommended a sequential approach to choosing the treatment for any patient with varicose veins. It ranks endothermal ablation as the method of first choice, followed by foam sclerotherapy ('if endothermal ablation is unsuitable') and surgery as the third option ('if foam sclerotherapy is unsuitable'). These recommendations have been the subject of considerable debate and it is worth examining them in the context of the most recent studies, as part of a general overview of our current knowledge. The recommendations of the NICE guidance5 were based on a literature review conducted in 2012. This provided no convincing evidence of differences in the clinical effectiveness of either endothermal ablation or foam sclerotherapy compared with surgery, but a slight advantage of endothermal ablation over foam. Cost-effectiveness was therefore an important influence, and cost modelling concluded that endothermal treatment had some advantage over both foam and surgery. These were the considerations on which the recommendations were based. The NICE guidance identified areas of uncertainty that would benefit from further research – in particular, whether different treatments might be appropriate for varicose veins of different stages of clinical severity and whether adjunctive treatment is better given at the same time as endothermal ablation, or at a later date if required. The new studies provide some good comparative data and also information about longer-term follow-up, but they have not produced consistent or compelling findings that one treatment is clinically much better than another. The thorough systematic review and network meta-analysis by Carroll and colleagues1 in this issue of BJS included nearly 4000 patients from 34 randomized clinical trials. It concluded that there were negligible differences in clinical and quality-oflife outcomes between endothermal ablation, foam sclerotherapy and surgery. It exposed differences that are well recognized, such as more discomfort in the immediate period after surgery, but no important differences in outcomes in the medium or long term. Based on clinical severity scoring, foam sclerotherapy seemed to be the most effective intervention. Long-term effectiveness is a fundamental aim of all treatments for varicose veins. The propensity for recurrence is high – many people simply have a tendency to form more varicose veins even after thorough treatment. For patients with complications from varicose veins the aim is to minimize the chance of repeated episodes of bleeding, troublesome phlebitis or ulceration, or to prevent progression of skin damage (from eczema to lipodermatosclerosis to ulceration). People with uncomplicated but symptomatic varicose veins can expect good symptom relief


The SiGe heterostructures can play a role that drastically enhances the carrier mobility of SiGe heterodevices, such as strained Si metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors. However, it is difficult to access the both issues, that is, the propagation of the dislocation and thermal reliability of annealed SiGe films. In this study, we used ultrahigh-vacuum chemical vapor deposition to grow Si0.8Ge0.2 films (ca. 200 nm thick for heteroepitaxy) epitaxially on bulk Si. The samples were subsequently furnace◦


A unified decision-theoretic framework for automating the establishment of feature point correspondences in a temporally dense sequence of images is discussed. The approach extends a recent sequential detection algorithm to guide the detection and tracking of object feature points through an image sequence. The resulting extended feature tracks provide robust feature correspondences, for the estimation of three-dimensional structure and motion, over an extended number of image frames.<<ETX>>


This is a literature review about supernumerary teeth, its etiology, diagnosis, clinical complication and treatment. An early diagnosis is the key to an adequate treatment, and to reduce complications such tooth eruption anomalies, dental malpositions, impacted teeth and cysts formation. It is important to perform early a complete oral evaluation of the pediatric patient's including the non-erupted teeth . Proper use of Periapical or Panorex Rx exams may help clinicians to determine early teeth numbers and/or teeth position anomalies.


The investigations were made in three phases among soldiers serving in the army in 1987, 1990 and 1991 to discover the changes to the war threat and state security threat sensed by soldiers. The results showed that widelyunderstood social, political and economic changes taking place in Europe and in the world during the years 1987-1991 influenced soldiers' attitudes regarding the war threat and world security. There were changes in the opinions towards threat of war over these years and a rather stable stereotype of the enemy from the West (Germany) and East (Russia).


BACKGROUND
Calcium urolithiasis is in part genetically determined and associated with idiopathic hypercalciuria.

METHODS
We have used a candidate gene approach to determine whether the calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) gene is linked to idiopathic hypercalciuria and calcium urolithiasis in a cohort of French Canadian sibships with multiple affected members (64 sibships from 55 pedigrees yielding 359 affected sibling pairs with > or =1 stone episode).

RESULTS
Using nonparametric linkage analysis with various intragenic and flanking markers, we showed that the CaR gene could be excluded as a major gene for hypercalciuric stone formation. We excluded the CaR (lod score <-2) at lambdas values of 1.5, 1.68, and 2.6 for sib pairs concordant for at least one stone passage, at least two stone passages, and at least one stone passage and calciuria above the 75th percentile, respectively. Quantitative trait linkage analyses did not suggest that the CaR gene was linked to biochemical markers of idiopathic hypercalciuria.

CONCLUSIONS
This study shows that genetic variants of the CaR gene are not associated with idiopathic hypercalciuria and calcium nephrolithiasis in this population of French Canadians.


The thermophilic fungusPenicilliumspecies was isolated from Ghamiqa hot spring sediments in Saudi Arabia. Extract ofPenicilliumspecies cultured on solid rice medium yielded two new compounds 3-(furan 12-carboxylic acid)-6-(methoxycarbonyl)-4-hydroxy-4-methyl-4 and 5-dihydro-2H-pyran13α-methyl-7-hydroxy-5-carboxylic acid methyl ester-1-indanone2. In addition, three known compounds, austinol3, emodin4, and 2-methyl-penicinoline5, were isolated. The structures of the new compounds were unambiguously determined by comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data, one- and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. All isolated metabolites were studied for their antibiotic effect against several pathogenic bacteria and for their cytotoxicity against the lymphoma human cancer cell line HTB-176. Austinol3exhibited strong antibacterial activity againstP. aeruginosabacterial strain with an MIC value of 0.13 ± 0.4 µg·mL−1, whereas emodin4demonstrated significant cytotoxicity against the tested HTB-176 cell line with an IC50value of 2 ± 7.6 µM, while the other compounds were moderate to inactive with IC50ranging from 4.3 ± 0.25–22 ± 2.94 µM in this assay.


Plant species detection aims at the automatic identification of plants. Although a lot of aspects like leaf, flowers, fruits, seeds could contribute to the decision, but leaf features are the most significant. As a plant leaf is always more accessible as compared to other parts of the plants, it is obvious to study it for plant identification. The present paper introduced a novel plant species classifier based on the extraction of morphological features using a Multilayer Perceptron with Adaboosting. The proposed framework comprises pre-processing, feature extraction, feature selection, and classification. Initially, some pre-processing techniques are used to set up a leaf image for the feature extraction process. Various morphological features, i.e., centroid, major axis length, minor axis length, solidity, perimeter, and orientation are extracted from the digital images of various categories of leaves. Different classifiers, i.e., k-NN, Decision Tree and Multilayer perceptron are employed to test the accuracy of the algorithm. AdaBoost methodology is explored for improving the precision rate of the proposed system. Experimental results are obtained on a public dataset (FLAVIA) downloaded from http://flavia.sourceforge.net/. A precision rate of 95.42% has been achieved using the proposed machine learning classifier, which outperformed the state-of-the-art algorithms.


IT project portfolio management (IT PPM) is a hotspot in project management and decision support systems.This article analyses the generation of IT PPM theory,reviews the development of portfolio benefits,strategic alignment,risk,costs and interdependencies in IT PPM,and finally summarizes the evaluation trend in the future.


A central question in cognitive sciences is how behaviors adapted to the situations encountered are produced. This question can be addressed in different ways and often requires the researcher to choose between highly controlled and standardized laboratory situations (commonly referred to as artificial settings) and studies undertaken in natural settings which may be more realistic, but cannot be controlled as required by a rigorous scientific approach. Using car driving as an example, our study will show how virtual reality (VR) offers a compromise between these two alternatives. Indeed, VR can simulate controlled immersive environments that offer different levels of realism. Moreover, VR makes it possible to implement different devices. For instance, VR enables researchers to analyze oculomotor behavior, which is fundamental in the field of car driving and is considered an indicator of attentional deployment. The work presented in this paper is based on a car driving simulator currently under development and aimed at studying the cognitive processes involved in car driving such as attentional processes and anticipatory mechanisms.


At present, there are unnecessary electrical consumes and a lot of fuel-losses by the vaporized gas due to the rising of fuel temperature because the fuel pump of the fuel supply system rotates regularly regardless to the driving condition. In this paper, we designed the multi-step controller for controlling fuel pump to supply fuel according to RPM of each moment by measuring the real time RPM of the engine at ECU of the vehicle. Also, it can judge the existence or nonexistence of disorder by measuring the pressure of the fuel supply line, in case of abnormal state, it can supply the fuel intelligently by changing the mode to self-compensation mode.


I suspect that editors are not supposed to have favourites amongst the journal volumes and issues for which they are responsible. However, this is one of mine since it presents a collection of papers that provide fascinating insights into the history and development of social work education and training, and into its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges faced. Moreover, this issue brings together contributions from around the world, graphically illustrating social work' s internationalism and this journal' s constituency. In my editorial for volume 19(2) (April 2000) I expressed the view that the millennium celebrations marked an arti® cial division of time and were unlikely to herald a truly new dawn. For that reason the Editorial Board resisted the temptation to mark the new millennium with a special issue. Nonetheless, the march of time did prompt a backward glance and a forward gaze, together with a looking around. In my mind, at least, I was curious to know what social work education had learned from, and could learn from its history, re ̄ ecting perhaps my undergraduate training, and the paper by Phyllida Parsloe offers one such perspective. She, it was, who long ago cautioned that training may `un® t' people (Parsloe, 1977). She warned that too close a ® t between training and practice would fail to stimulate either towards continued self-scrutiny. Those responsible for the governance of social work education in the United Kingdom have not learned that particular lesson. One consequence is that students are required to demonstrate competencies that are essentially employerdriven. It is these same employers who manage bureaucracies wherein students and practitioners ® nd that their professional imperatives are compromised, and are not infrequently instructed to act unlawfully or contrary to best practice guidance (Preston-Shoot, 2000). There are gaps in this issue, of course. It would have been impossible to include papers from every country where social work education has a story to tell and a message to convey. However, the looking around has resulted in articles from countries in most continents. All but two were speci® cally commissioned, with contributors asked to re ̄ ect on the strengths and weaknesses of, and opportunities and threats facing social work education in their countries. The two exceptions are the articles by Bar-On and Papadaki. I have included these because they challenge some familiar assumptions as well as broadening the issue's scope and giving `voice' to countries little represented in social work' s literature. What strikes me in reading the articles herein are the similarities in the themes within the overall message. I have chosen here to highlight particular parallels because of the challenges they present. Firstly, what has been and continues to be exported from the United Kingdom and from the United States of America is not necessarily helpful or relevant and may represent an unacceptable but ongoing colonialism or imperialism. For example, Edwin Kaseke in his paper refers to the issue of relevance, whilst Lincoln Williams and his colleagues acknowledge that `clients' are sometimes offered `alien' models or interventions. As Midgley (1990) observed, exchange in social work has been unidirectional, from the West to the Third World. What emerges from these papers is a questioning not only of the direction of in ̄ uence but also of what is imparted. This links nicely to the second parallel. A number of contributors talk about the importance of cultural awareness and the need to develop indigenous models for practice. Similarly,


I n reflecting on the state of Renaissance studies, I want to begin by thinking about the terms in which we frame this inquiry. In addition to examining the state of the field, what does it mean to interrogate the state of the field? To interpret a "state" as a material or immaterial condition, a state of affairs, offers perhaps themost conventional way of addressing this question. Such a state is necessarily temporally specific and bound, and later in this essay I shall turn to thinking about possible directions for the field and the alternate ways in which we might conceive of futures or futurity. But without being glib, I also want to register the pun on "state" which is, for me, activated here: a state not only as a condition, but as an entity, a polity, an inclusive but also exclusive and sometimes impenetrable space. The project of analyzing the state of the field might offer the possibility of studied neutrality, of careful examination and dispassionate assessment—or conversely, of the opportunity to remove oneself from the position of neutral inquiry, and think instead in the terms of interpellation, even implication. I write in a moment, of course, when the nation state is under increasing pressure from the frighteningly ascendant forces of nationalism and nativism. To harp on the assonances between the nation state and a disciplinary "state"may seem facile or pedantic on the one hand, or unhelpfully polemical or political on the other. And as an untenured, tenuretrack scholar, and an immigrant, I am all too aware of my simultaneous precarity and privilege. But I do so, firstly, in order to underscore the ways in which Renaissance studies may operate as a disciplinary apparatus in its own right, may display and police its own boundaries and borders. Secondly, to call attention to the interstices of Renaissance studies with questions of migration, borderlands, and language, to think about the place of


The paper studies the development of 50% lighter MAGFINE motors compared to conventional sintered ferrite motors. The B-H curve and magnetic properties of MAGFINE compared with sintered ferrite are also investigated.


Based on the 2002-2010 panel data of 20 provinces which have national key anti-poverty counties, this paper dose an empirical analysis on the impact of different income sources on farmers' consumption in nationwide and east、middle and west poverty areas. The result shows that: To nationwide poverty-stricken area, transfer income and wages income have the biggest contribution to consumption; the function of family income is decreasing. From the area perspective, wages income has the outstanding influence on west area; the effect of family income is relatively lower. There are regional disparity effect between transfer income and property income; the transfer income in middle and west areas has obviously impact on induced consumption, while the consumption in east areas tends obviously to the property income.


This special issue comprises some of the contributions to the workshop "Establishing Filiation: Towards a Social Denition of the Family?," which, under the auspices of the Max Planck Institute for Comparative and International Private Law, was convened at the German Orient Institute and the Université Saint-Joseph in Beirut, Lebanon, November 8–10, 2017. This was the second workshop of the Max Planck Working Group on Child Law in Muslim Countries, a community of scholars of law, Islamic studies, anthropology, and history that has come together to revisit the concepts of family, children's rights, and parenthood in Muslim and Middle Eastern jurisdictions. In the rst phase of the study, the working group explored the mechanism of custody and guardianship of children in "regular" family settings.1 In the second phase, the study was taken further, moving from parental care to the establishment of liation (nasab) and the schemes in place for the care and protection of "parentless" children, that is, children of uncertain, defective, or unknown liation (majhūl al-nasab) or with unt parents. Both issues, the regulation of nasab and the care of children without permanent caretakers, are particularly thorny matters because they touch on a number of sensitive issues, including sexual relationships out of wedlock, biological fatherhood, and international pressure to implement child protection laws. A total of eighteen papers were commissioned: fourteen country studies discussing the legal framework governing the establishment of liation and care for parentless children and four thematic papers highlighting those topics in premodern Sunni and Shiite Islamic jurisprudence (qh), Arab private international law, and public international law. Thus, while most of the country studies are being published in the form of an edited volume,2 two country studies—one on India


This and the following paper by Mr. Attwooll are the first of a series which will describe the work of the Royal Aircraft Establishment on various aspects of air collision risk and traffic control. Mr. Reich's paper will be presented in three parts, the last two of which deal with the analytical techniques and how they are applied. Mr. Attwooll deals with methods of costing the effects of air traffic control deviations and shows how these costs are related to the size of separation standards. He discusses systems for both subsonic and supersonic transports. 1. Objectives. The main task of air traffic controllers is to plan traffic flows so that aircraft are allotted sufficient separation to absorb not only systematic differences in speed but also the imperfections of navigation and piloting, which we term flying errors. To this end, they usually work with three separation standards, to be applied in, respectively, the along-track, across-track and vertical dimensions of space. The separation standard for any one dimension is the minimum intended (i.e. planned) separation permitted in that dimension when the intended separations are less than standard in the other two. The problem is to choose standards which are safe enough, but not so large as to lead to unnecessary traffic delays and deviations.


As stated in this book, the World Conservation Union (IUCN) Forest Conservation Programme goal is advanced through promoting protection, restoration and sustainable use of forest resources so that forests provide the full potential range of goods and services. The Programme advocates the translation of policies into effective actions and, I assume, at local, regional, national and international levels. I believe this book provides the information to help meet IUCN's goal at all levels. The five sections and nine appendices set the framework for all levels of participation in conservation of the coastal forests of Eastern Africa. It is extremely important that the scientists who wrote the chapters, and other in-country scientists, translated the contents into non-scientific language suitable for all those that formulate policy and management decisions at all levels. This will be necessary for the development of the comprehensive conservation scheme called for by W.A. Rogers (p. 6). With his many years of research and experience in the forests of Tanzania, I appreciated the insights of Rogers in setting the stage for readers in 'Why a book on coastal forests?.' He then teamed himself with another very experienced researcher (N.D. Burgess) in 'Taking conservation action', to tie things together for the reader. Chapters 1.2–5.4 provide, for the most part, a complete and readable compilation of what is known about coastal forests. These chapters can be used as a model by scientists new to the area, scientists wanting to write about the forests on which they work in other parts of the world, and scientists interested in translating research results into policy and management. Let me elaborate a little more on chapters 1.1 and 5.5. I was reminded of the forests of the eastern USA when Rogers describes the transformation of forest to agriculture and thicket and how, given time, the thicket will regenerate to forest. This process happened over the last 100 years in the eastern USA, but under very different environmental, social, political and economic conditions. Under current conditions it is unlikely that this will happen around the 250 forest patches that remain where the coastal forests of Eastern Africa once occurred. It seems that time has almost run out! Willing and able participants are needed to conserve and restore forests where appropriate. Many seem willing, but often are unable; they lack the resources. There are many good suggestions presented, examples given and responsibilities identified in chapter 5.5. Leadership and resources are needed. Rogers asks the global community to invest (p.7). The fact that the coastal forests and eastern arc mountains are considered a biodiversity hotspot will help (p. 333). An Eastern Arc Conservation Endowment Trust (recently established) could serve as a 'sustainable conservation model' for the coastal forests to follow. NGOs, both local and international, must work together for the people and the natural resources with less concern for their own recognition. In chapter 5.5, local participation is called for and I support the call. The local needs must be met so that we can count on the appropriate protection and management required to meet regional and national needs. Biodiversity values must be protected in appropriate places through international support. The authors are to be thanked for putting all of this information into one package. I hope that the likes of Rogers, Burgess and Lovett will continue to do more for this part of the world. More young scientists like Corderio (chapter 4.8) are needed to carry on. The forestry departments (for example, Forest and Beekeeping in Tanzania, and the Forest Department in Kenya) in all the coastal forest countries need resources so they can provide technical assistance to the local people. They need adequate salaries, transportation and equipment. Forestry schools (such as Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania, and Moi University, Kenya) need support to continue to train skilled foresters and do important research, and the forestry research institutions (TAFORI, Tanzania and KEFRI, Kenya) need full support. This can only happen with investments from the global community. Action must speak louder than words if the coastal forests of East Africa are to survive.


Recovery of silver from spent fixing bath with organic acid (Ar(OH) 3COOH) are investigated.The results show that Ag in spent fixing bath can be reduced effectively by the organic acid.Reduction rate and total recovery are 99.20% and 94.44%,respectively.


With the outbreak of the COVID-19 crisis, organizations have had to move into virtual teamwork settings overnight which had been daunting for the employees as they were not mentally prepared and trained for the change. As a consequence, employee turnover increases, if leadership is not skilled and trained for an effective transition and establishment of virtual work settings during the COVID-19 crisis. Theoretical and empirical evidence suggest leader-member exchange (LMX) and leader humility as effective leader behaviors for team adaptation and performance. The proposed study will conduct a longitudinal investigation of the effect of LMX and leader humility on team adaptation and performance during the COVID-19 crisis and as organizations come out of it. The expected results of this study will be useful for the leadership and teams in industries and organizations as they transit out of the COVID-19 crisis.


In the following list there are included 48 species. Of these, 22 have not, hitherto, occurred elsewhere on our coast; 26 have been found farther north, in the Gulf of Maine, or off the coast of Nova Scotia, and may be considered as arctic; at least 22 are European, and of these 18 or more are northern European; at least 14, and probably more, have been taken in deep water, in the Gulf of Mexico, or oft' Florida, by POUl'tales and A. Agassiz, but there is, as yet, no general lists of their starfishes and ophiurans; of the whole number, only six are, so far as known, peculiar to this district, and probably this num· ber will soon be reduced. Many of the species have a very extensive range, 011 both sides of the Atlantic, and also a great range in depth, occulTing in much deeper water than was found at any of our stations. Species dredged only in less than 60 fathoms are not included. In the list, the range of depth given applies only to this special region, as determined by the stations here included.


Although laboratory studies have provided evidence for competition between brook trout and brown trout, it is unknown how this competition affects larger scale demographics in a natural setting. We examined seasonal demographics of Driftless Area brook trout populations in the presence of high and low brown trout densities. Seasonal and spatial patterns in growth, recruitment, survival and movement of brook trout were monitored in two southeastern Minnesota streams divided into upper and lower reaches based on the abundance of brown trout. We estimated survival and movement while testing for effects of stream reach and season using a multistrata Cormack-Jolly-Seber model in Program MARK. Multistrata models were analyzed for three age groups (age-0, age-1, and age-2+) to estimate apparent survival, capture probability, and movement. Survival was dependent on season rather than study reach and was lower during flood events. Age-0 brook trout emigrated from upper reaches to lower reaches, whereas, adult brook trout emigrated out of the downstream brown trout dominated reaches. Growth in spring and summer did not differ across streams or treatments for the youngest age classes. For age-2+ brook trout, however, growth was higher in areas where brown trout were less abundant. Competition can be age or size dependent; our results show evidence for adult interactions, but not age-0. Our results suggest that brown trout may be influencing adult brook trout distribution through forced emigration. Also, decreased growth rates of adult brook trout in the presence of brown trout warrants further research on possible mechanisms. 1 This project was funded in part by the Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration (Dingell-Johnson) Program. Completion Report, Study 675, D-J Project F-26-R Minnesota.


This apparatus for inspecting warpage of a board-like body is provided with: a transfer apparatus (3), which transfers a glass substrate (2) in substantially horizontal attitude; and a non-contact displacement meter (4), which measures the distance to the surface of the glass substrate (2). An upper limit wave shape (X1) and a lower limit wave shape (X2) are previously set by having, as reference, an ideal wave shape (X0) of surface shape displacement of the glass substrate (2) with respect to the transfer direction, said ideal wave shape having been obtained corresponding to the characteristics of the transfer apparatus (3), and it is determined whether actual wave shapes (X3, X4) of the surface shape displacement of the glass substrate (2) with respect to the transfer direction (A) while the glass substrate is being transferred are within a range between the upper limit wave shape (X1); and the lower limit wave shape (X2), said actual wave shapes having been obtained on the basis of the distance measured by means of the displacement meter (4).


Nowadays technology-based means are elements in every-day's life, they ease running household and institution needs. In Libya the number of newly established institutions is on the rise in both the private and public sectors, with such growth there must be a concomitant increase in the use of electronic devices/gadgets. However, after a while these electronic devices will be out of date, and here a suitable strategy of Green Computing must be considered. This study aims to shed light on ways to save electricity consumption as a main factor for green computing, and to help publicize the understanding of green computing in institutions. Furthermore, awareness of green computing importance will be raised, through introducing the green computing concept to companies using a field study. The current study is a trial and was conducted in one of the biggest companies in Libya, namely the Arabian Gulf Oil Company (AGOCO). Consequently, we had come up with a number of recommendations that were classified into general and specific. General recommendations: These deal with the concept of green computing and what must be done to implement the steps for its correct application. Specific recommendations: These reflect the company's plans to enhance power saving through green computing that are suitable for running their daily business.


Abstract : Invent Now, a nonprofit organization, planned and implemented the Camp Invention project in Champaign-Urbana with the support of ERDC - Construction Engineering Research Laboratory. The project was focused on underserved children in grades 1-6 who need, but have limited access to, out-of-school time STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) enrichment opportunities. Two one-week programs were implemented during the weeks of June 17 and July 8 at Orpheum Children's Science Museum at Booker T. Washington STEM Academy. The project impacted 115 children and provided professional development for the project's educators in the Urbana-Champaign area.


There is considerable disagreement about whether family firm characteristics hinder or support entrepreneurial activities. This article highlights the existence of an entrepreneurial orientation in family firms, and it examines differences between family and nonfamily firms on the entrepreneurial orientation dimensions of autonomy, competitive aggressiveness, innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk taking, using content analysis of shareholder letters from S&P 500 firms. As such, family firms exhibit language consistent with an entrepreneurial orientation for all dimensions but use less language than that of nonfamily firms in relation to autonomy, proactiveness, and risk taking.


The paper focuses on the specifics of innovation-based investment projects effectiveness evaluation (IIPEE). When using traditional approaches, errors occur in evaluation, since innovation-based investment projects are long-term with high uncertainty. Fuzzy sets and real options approaches have long been used as alternative for IIPEE. The novelty of this paper is in the joint use of these two approaches with the consideration of the wide variety of project implementation scenarios. Consequently, it reasonably seems more efficient use of fuzzy sets approach together with Weighted Average Polynomial Option Pricing Model for IIPEE.


An eddy current testing system was improved for detection of defects in the steel wire rods during the controlled rolling process. In the controlled rolling process, the temperature of wire rods is below the curie point. It causes irregularity of magnetic permeability and abnormal eddy current signals. A magnetic saturation apparatus was adopted to suppress this variation fo magnetic fields. It was designed with Helmholtz coil to align the orientations of the magnetic moments. The system was tested at wire rolling production line and showed a capability of detecting defects, like scab patterns at the moving speed of up to 18m/s.


BIM, Building Information Model, is considered the 3D representation of an artifact and its characteristics such as geometry, spatial relationships, and geographical information to support integrated design. With recent developments in BIM, there has been a shift from simple 3D to interact with virtual and augmented reality. This innovation drives improvements in work productivity, home comfort, and entertainment, common goals of the Internet of Things (IoT). Therefore, 3D and sensors can integrate through data captured in a BIM model, an environment that lends itself well to the visualization of the results of Machine Learning operations. This paper proposes a methodology that allows data visualization and representation from sensors within a BIM model to support design decisions that fall under different disciplines. The research focuses on a real case study of a university classroom that includes several sensors capable of recording data that feed a database based on the predictive/decisional phase developed through Machine Learning techniques to optimize electrical consumption. The proposed methodology integrates an IoT cloud platform that allows the optimal management and monitoring of electricity consumption in a public environment through a model updated in real-time.


This article introduces the technology and procedures in the making of red pepper sauce with straw mushroom and ginger. After being salted and fermented, the product is rich in nurition and good to health, with nice aroma, moderate saltiness, sourness and crispness, fresh color and tempting taste.


There is a gap in scholarly investigation when it comes to issues of academic integrity and corruption in higher education. The major research question this chapter addresses is: How is corruption in higher education in the United States and Russia reflected in the media? The frequency with which the media reports on higher education corruption varies. The variation in reporting can be attributed to particular reforms and major changes undertaken in the higher education sector as well as in-depth reporting of some high-profile cases. The scope of problems reflected is very broad, but some important forms of corruption are either underreported or overlooked. The major problems, types, and forms of higher education corruption are nation-specific: in Russia they are bribery in admissions and grading, while in the United States they are fraud and embezzlement of state funds, among others. These types and forms of corruption in general correlate with those analyzed in the scholarly literature. This chapter also presents some policy recommendations for both Russia and the United States regarding anti-corruption efforts in higher education.


This paper introduces the design of multi-temperature supervised and automatically dialing voice alarm system,and detailed clarifies the relevant work principle,the key technique and hardware designs.The system full applied resources of PIC,voice chip.To make the system have the advantages of the intelligence.Which is applied mainly in the location,warehouse,the room where conserves vegetable and fruit,and enterprise and so on,where have some requests of temperature.By monitoring temperature it can attain the aim of defending hot,fire,jelly and protecting fresh of vegetable and fruit.


Background: Admitting an older adult to a nursing home involves significant adjustment efforts by the family. Our goal was to prepare an assessment instrument for this, given that there was none to date. Method: Participants—134 relatives from different nursing homes in the region of Murcia. Instruments—structured interview for socio-demographic information, satisfaction with the nursing home, well-being and health self-assessment, Radloff's Depression Questionnaire (CES-D), and the first version of CAFIAR. Results: A 15-item instrument with three factors was obtained: Factor 1 (Unease due to admitting an older adult to a nursing home), Factor 2 (Relief), and Factor 3 (Nostalgia and concern for the older adult), in addition to a general adjustment index, with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.74. The general adjustment index and the subscales that demonstrate poor adjustment were significantly correlated with depression and a worse health self-assessment, while the Relief subscale, which indicates better adjustment, was significantly correlated with well-being and a positive health self-assessment. Conclusions: The family adjustment in admitting an older adult to a nursing home questionnaire (CAFIAR) has adequate psychometric properties to assess family adaptation in admitting an older adult to an institution.


Through the investigation on the present situation of rural drinking water safety project in Jixian County,this paper analyzes some problems existing in whole county's rural drinking water safety work,and puts forward some measures for improving rural drinking water safety level and ensuring the overall development of Jixian County's society and economy including selecting high-quality and reliable water sources,determining rational project form,and strengthening water quality detection,etc.


LATE COLTRANE. THOSE ECSTATIC EBULLITIONS, ATTACKS ON EXPECTA tion and consciousness, furied emotiveness: all this we yet hear, possess as records of a fierce and visionary askesis, of a quest for cosmic knowledge and salvation. Through a passion of innovation, John Coltrane perfected his own calculus of musical impossibility ?for him, the world became regenerated inwardly by the musical afflatus.


Ultra-precision grinding is an often used manufacturing technology to achieve high surface quality of monocrystal silicon to satisfy severe requirements. However, the final ground surface is sensitive to the grinding conditions, such as the wheel type, processing parameters and the vibration, etc., which is not easy to systematacially research by experimental method. Since the material removal process is a comprehensive result of the interaction between grains and the workpiece surface, an analytical simulation method based on the grains trajectories of wheel is more efficient. Particularly, in ultra-precision grinding, the grains can achieve ductile removal mode under certain processing conditions, which means the final surface topography is much closer to the result of the simply interaction of grains trajectories. Thus, this work aims to develop a suitable numerical simulation method to generate ultra-precise surface topography. First, simulate the topological matrix model of the grinding wheel shape, and then generate the grain trajectory based on the movement relationship between the grinding wheel and the workpiece. Finally, the simulation results are compared with the experimental results from the surface topography, which proves the effectiveness of the analytical simulation method. This method in this work can be used to derive the best parameters for process conditions..