Estimates for the effective resistivity of nonlinear polycrystals are obtained using the 'linear comparison' homogenization scheme of DeBotton and Ponte Castañeda (DeBotton & Ponte Castañeda 1995 Proc. R. Soc. A 448, 121–142). Computing the effective properties of linear composites, with the same microstructure as the nonlinear composite, is an essential part of this scheme. The classical self-consistent method is employed for this purpose. An important characteristic of these estimates, for polycrystals with field thresholds, is that they satisfy the recent bound of Garroni and Kohn (Garroni & Kohn 2003 Proc. R. Soc. A 459, 2613–2625), which dramatically improves upon the classical Taylor upper bound at large crystal anisotropy. In addition, the estimates also satisfy the Hashin–Shtrikman bounds, which are more restrictive than the Garroni–Kohn bound at small crystal anisotropy. Interestingly, the scaling exponents for the linear comparison estimates are found to be independent of the constitutive nonlinearity. This last observation provides an explanation for the relative weakness of an earlier linear comparison bound obtained by Garroni and Kohn.


Herein, the first example of a co-crystal system formed by an imidazolium nitrate, a carbene precursor, and copper (II) nitrate, {[Cu(NO3)2(H2O)2]L1(NO3)2} (1) (L1 = 1,1′-dibenzyl-3,3′-butyl-diimidazolium-2,2′-diylidene) is reported. These two building blocks are connected in the solid state through hydrogen bonds to generate a three-dimensional supramolecular network.


Background:  There is a strong recommendation for post‐partum thromboprophylaxis following emergency caesarean sections, particularly in overweight women, and following prolonged labour.


The design problem of robust state observers for a class of nonlinear large-scale interconnected systems with uncertainties is considered.On the basis of simple assumptions on the system equation,a nonlinear state observer is proposed,and the exponential asymptotic convergence of the estimated state is proved using Lyapunov stability theorem.Attractive features of the proposed method include a systematic procedure of observer design and the robustness against model uncertainties.An example is also presented,showing the effectiveness of the proposed observer.


0.2ml/kg of aniline or 0.05ml/kg of nitrobenzene was injected daily subcutaneously to male adult rabbits. Each group of the experimental animals was killed respectively at every week end until the 12th week and pathohistological changes of the optic nerve were investigated employing the such staining methods as Marchi granules by Kuru myelin sheath by Sugamo, axis cylinder by Bielschowsky, haematoxylin-eosin by P.Mayer, macroglia by Cajal, glial fider by Weigert, glial cell by Alzheimer-Mallory, and azan. Changes occurred in the second week, showing Marchi granules and regressive Changes of the glial cell in both groups administered with aniline and with nitrobenzen. Afterwards, gliosis took place in the sixth week aniline gyroup, accompanied with degeneration of glial cells. The degenerative chabge was somewhat stronger in the nitrobenzen than in the aniline group. These atrophic glial cellswere always found in the nitrobenzene administered rabbits, even in the later stadium of poisoning. Changes in the myelin sheath became stronger and stronger according to the long term administration and demyelinization was seen at last. Lesions in the axis cylinder were found at the third week end by in the nitrobenzene group and at the third week end by in the nitrobenzene group and at the forth week end in the aniline group. Findingsin the mesenchymal tissufe in the early stadium of poisoning were perivascular round cell infiltration and those in the later stadium were hyperplasy of the septal connective and the advential tissues.


The present study examined the independent and interactive relations of effortful control and two family environment variables (parent-adolescent conflict and negative family relations) on the subsequent conduct problems and depressive symptoms of 459 European American and Latino adolescents between the ages of 10 and 14. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that even after baseline levels of conduct problems were taken into account, lower levels of effortful control and poorer family relations were uniquely predictive of more conduct problems 1 year later. A three-way interaction among effortful control, negative family relations, and ethnicity indicated that among European Americans only, effortful control moderated the negative family relations effect. High levels of effortful control protected European American adolescents living in homes characterized by negative family relations from elevated levels of subsequent conduct problems. Contrary to findings for the conduct problems outcome, only baseline levels of depressive symptoms predicted subsequent depressive symptoms.


Abstract : The ability of the 718 CES to support engineering functions and requirements at Bellows AFS is currently diminished. The existing CE workshop (Building 544) was deemed inadequate in size to support mission requirements, is considered to be in substandard condition, and is dilapidated beyond repair for occupational use. However, Building 544 could be used for storage. In addition, Building 544 which was constructed in 1941, has frequent roof leaks and the window air conditioning units do not provide adequate cool air to all the necessary areas. The existing lighting is inadequate and the electrical system does not have enough capacity to accommodate all the CE functions. In addition, the building layout is not properly configured for a workshop and there are not adequate showers and locker space for all staff members. Under the Proposed Action, Bellows AFS proposes to construct an approximately 6,000-square-foot \201ft2\202 CE workshop, install utilities to the new CE workshop, and construct one properly sized septic tank and leach field to support the new workshop. This new CE workshop for the Facilities Maintenance Team would be a pre-engineered metal building including air-conditioned office space, restrooms, locker room and break/kitchen area. The non-air-conditioned shop portion of the workshop would have a dust collection system and a plumbed eye wash station. This EA evaluates the Proposed Action and alternatives, including the No Action Alternative. Resource areas included in the impact analysis include cultural resources, geological resources, biological resources, water resources, air quality, safety, infrastructure and transportation, and hazardous materials and wastes. Inquiries regarding this document should be directed to Craig Gorsuch, Det 2, 18 FSS/CEE Environmental Program Manager, 515 Tinker Road, Waimanalo, Hawaii 96795-1903. Requests can also be made by addressing email to firstname.lastname@example.com.


The soft country rock in the construction of highway tunnels seriously affects the construction safty and limits projects process. The article expounds how the soft country rock in the construction of the Feiluanling Tunnel is dealt with according to the construction principles of the New Austrian Method by using construction ways of digging piece by piece on the upper half section, in-advance filling the concrete, propping up with pipe canopy and dealing with collapsing.


BY PAOLO MORANTE, STUART E. POLLACK, AND JAROD M. BONA A greements between competitors to stifle competition typically are illegal under the antitrust laws but, increasingly, brand-name pharmaceutical companies have settled patent infringement lawsuits against generic companies by paying them to defer market entry. It would seem these ''reverse-payment'' settlements should lead to antitrust liability for the settling competitors, yet most federal appellate courts that have reviewed such agreements have upheld them— provided certain requirements are satisfied. Against this trend in federal jurisprudence, the Federal Trade Commission and the Department of Justice continue to advocate strongly in favor of tighter standards that either could limit or eliminate these agreements altogether. Recent developments suggest that the legal landscape in this area remains uncertain and that the pendulum of the federal courts' treatment of reversepayment settlements may be swinging back toward a more restrictive approach. Courts generally analyze an alleged antitrust violation under either of two categories. A narrow band of agreements between competitors deemed consistently Paolo Morante (Paolo.Morante@ dlapiper.com), Stuart Pollack (email@example.com) and Jarod Bona (email@example.com) are attorneys with DLA Piper. Morante and Pollack are based in the firm's New York office, and Bona is in the firm's Minneapolis and San Diego offices. REPORT


A quantitative method to simulate the electron scattering at the interface of two material layers in thick samples is presented here. The samples are analyzed by Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) in a Tecnai F30 using a High Angle Annular Dark-Field (HAADF) detector with a collection range 55 mrad to 245 mrad. At the interface of a high-density and low-density material an increase in the HAADF signal for thick TEM samples can be observed. We report here the simulated HAADF detector intensity across the interface of two materials using Python programming language and its comparison with experimental results. The electron atomic scattering factor f e (s) for a complex potential is given by:


In surveying a document that Marx wrote for a speech on Ireland (November 1867) a
dialectical analysis of colonialism is revealed and it appears to be a multifaceted
process which penetrated into all aspects of Irish society. Not only is the economy
thwarted by this colonial process but also the other processes that make up this
societal organic totality. In metabolising with these social (and natural) processes
colonialism, according to Marx, created 'abominable conditions of existence' for the
colonised. The overriding determinant of this continually evolving process of
colonisation was the presence of a landlord caste who were not only the dominant
faction in the British colonising regime but they also dominated the other diverse
strategies which emerged from the other factions of the colonising regime. The
concrete consequence of landlord dominated colonialism was that the rental form
was the main driver of accumulation rather than capital as in the capitalist mode of
production. Accordingly, we have an empirical example of colonialism without
capitalism in this Irish social formation even though Ireland was colonised by capitalist
Britain.


In this era of globalisation and rapid development where proper utilisation of human resources is of utmost priority, the role of a standardized selection process with minimal human bias is indispensable. It is the objective of almost every recruiting agency to select the best candidates for the job. In most of the cases, the recruitment process comprises of two broad assessment categories viz. written examination and personality test. The scores of the written examination is on an absolute scale, but in the case of personality test the marks though awarded on an absolute scale, is nothing but a pseudo-ranking scale in most of the cases. The study aims to test the validity of un-structured personality tests for selection of best candidates, the validation is made through some statistical analysis comprising of nature of the data (Descriptive Statistics, Histogram with Normality Probability Plot, selected Percentile value and Box Plot) and measures of association (Pearsonian Correlation Co-efficient). The study considers all the subject-wise papers given by a candidate and his/her corresponding personality test scores. Moreover, the homogeneity and existence of measures of association among different personality testing boards for a single recruitment were considered to establish the relationship among the said interview boards. The outcome of the study revealed that there is a need for structured personality test in case of all recruitments whether the number of candidates is large or small.


Under Department of Energy's Advanced Technology Development Program,various analytical diagnostic studies are being carried out to examine the lithium-ion battery technology for hybrid electric vehicle applications, and a series of electrochemical studies are being conducted to examine the performance of these batteries. An electrochemical model was developed to associate changes that were observed in the post-test analytical diagnostic studies with the electrochemical performance loss during testing of lithium ion batteries. While both electrodes in the lithium-ion cell have been studied using a similar electrochemical model, the discussion here is limited to modeling of the positive electrode. The positive electrode under study has a composite structure made of a layered nickel oxide (LiNi{sub 0.8}Co{sub 0.15}Al{sub 0.05}O{sub 2}) active material, a carbon black and graphite additive for distributing current, and a PVDF binder all on an aluminum current collector. The electrolyte is 1.2M LiPF{sub 6} dissolved in a mixture of EC and EMC and a Celgard micro-porous membrane is used as the separator. Planar test cells (positive/separator/negative) were constructed with a special fixture and two separator membranes that allowed the placement of a micro-reference electrode between the separator membranes [1]. Electrochemical studies including AC impedance spectroscopy were then conducted on the individualmore » electrodes to examine the performance and ageing effects in the cell. The model was developed by following the work of Professor Newman at Berkeley [2]. The solid electrolyte interface (SEI) region, based on post-test analytical results, was assumed to be a film on the oxide and an oxide layer at the surface of the oxide. A double layer capacity was added in parallel with the Butler-Volmer kinetic expression. The pertinent reaction, thermodynamic, and transport equations were linearized for a small sinusoidal perturbation [3]. The resulting system of differential equations was solved numerically using a partial differential equation solver (FlexPDE) over the frequency range of interest. The electrochemical AC impedance model was used as a diagnostic tool to examine ageing effects associated with the positive electrode, and to investigate ways to reduce the impact of these effects on the overall cell performance.« less


The invention discloses a follow current-free arc lightening-protection gap protection device which comprises a grounding arc extinction device, and a grounding metal fitting and a lead metal fitting which are respectively arranged at two ends of a line insulator string by fixing devices; the grounding arc extinction device comprises a lightening pulse collector, an insulation seal shell, a gas generator and an arc extinction cavity; the other end of the grounding metal fitting is provided with a connection thin tube; the grounding arc extinction device further comprises a tubular grounding pole and an L-shaped grounding pole which are made of a non-metal conducting material; one end of the L-shaped grounding pole is connected with the connection thin tube on the grounding metal fitting by a Z-shaped connection metal fitting in an embedding manner, and the other end of the L-shaped grounding pole penetrates through the lightening pulse collector and is connected with the tubular grounding pole; and one end of the tubular grounding pole made of the non-metal conducting material is embedded in the arc extinction cavity, and the other end of the tubular grounding pole is connected with the insulation seal shell. According to the follow current-free arc lightening-protection gap protection device, the stability of a power supply system can be improved, the service life of power equipment such as a transformer and a breaker can be prolonged, and the cost of production and maintenance can be reduced.


We conjecture that an interesting special case of the known NP-complete problem, Multiprocessor Scheduling (MPS), is well inside P. We present a number of results that supports the conjecture. We also give some empirical results that strengthen our beliefs concerning the conjecture.


In this paper, it is proved that expression of amplitude and intensity of "nondiffraction beams" is derived when the width of the annulus slit and the diffraction of lens are neglected. And point out the beams whose expression is the zeroth order Bessel function is not nondiffraction beams, but it is a kind of special Fresnel diffraction beams or interference.


In recent years a new culture of online interactivity and pedagogic management through learning management systems has been gradually acquiring force, in addition to the traditional culture of face-to-face interactions as well as use of other media. Although much research work has been done in recent years on the significance of parent involvement in the educational process, no thorough research has been conducted on the effect of exposure to learning management systems that offer students and their parents maximal transparency of the educational environment, including the level of communication between the student's parents and the teaching staff and their level of involvement in the educational process, particularly in the current period during the outbreak of the coronavirus crisis that has forced the educational system and other routine systems to switch to an online sphere against their will. The current work examined the effect of assimilating an online learning management system, the Mashov system (a Hebrew acronym for immediacy, transparency, and monitoring) on parent involvement in their children's educational process. The significance of the research topic is particularly evident in these uncertain times, when the traditional learning environment is being compelled to make way for distance learning due to the outbreak of the coronavirus crisis, assisted by learning management systems and primarily the Mashov system. Therefore, there is room to enhance research in this field throughout the crisis and, once it is over, in further valuable studies.


Cell replacement therapy is a promising treatment for irreversible retinal cell death in diverse diseases such as Stargardt's disease, age‐related macular degeneration, and retinitis pigmentosa. The final impact of all retinal dystrophies is the loss of photoreceptors; hence, there is a pressing need for research into replacement. Seminal work has shown that a simple three‐dimensional culture system enables differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to retinal organoids containing large numbers of photoreceptors developing alongside retinal neurons and Müller glia cells in a laminated structure that resembles the native retina. Despite these promising developments, current protocols show different efficiencies across pluripotent stem cells and result in retinal organoids with a mixture of photoreceptor cells at varying maturation states, along with nonphotoreceptor cell types. In this study, we investigated the impact of stage‐specific addition of retinoic acid (RA), 9‐cis‐retinal, 11‐cis‐retinal, levodopa (l‐DOPA), triiodothyronine (T3), and γ‐secretase inhibitor ((2S)‐N‐[(3,5‐Difluorophenyl)acetyl]‐l‐alanyl‐2‐phenyl]glycine1,1‐dimethylethyl ester2L [DAPT]) in the generation of cone and rod photoreceptors. Our results indicate that addition of RA + T3 during days 90 to 120 of differentiation enhanced the generation of rod and S‐cone photoreceptor formation, while the combined addition of DAPT from days 28 to 42 with RA during days 30 to 120 of differentiation led to enhanced generation of L/M‐cones at the expense of rods. l‐DOPA when added together with RA during days 90 to 120 of differentiation also promoted the emergence of S‐cones at the expense of rod photoreceptors. Collectively, these data represent an advance in our ability to direct generation of rod and cone photoreceptors in vitro.


MCCARTHY, B. C., T. I. VIERHELLER, AND W. A. WISTENDAHL (Dept. Bot., Ohio Univ., Athens, Ohio, 45701). Species ordination of upper slope oak-hickory stands of southeastern Ohio. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 111: 56-60. 1984.-Detrended correspondence analysis was used to analyze the variations in the distribution of tree species with respect to aspect in an upper slope oak-hickory community of the mixed mesophytic forest of southeastern Ohio. Intensive sampling within this restricted slope position minimized the heterogeneity of soil parent materials while maximizing aspect variation between stands. Aspect proved to be of predictive value in estimating species distribution patterns. Quercus spp. and Carya glabra were more abundant on south-facing slopes. Carya ovata appeared to be more closely associated with the mesic species of north-facing slopes. Carya tomentosa, however, exhibited a distribution pattern apparently independent of aspect.


Navigation-assisted surgery is being studied and used by more and more doctors because of its high success rate, and many techniques are needed, among which diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) plays an important role. The navigation assisted surgery system integrated with DTI will be more perfect and powerful. In order to prove this, we first successfully made DTI images of patients in 3D Slicer. After careful observation and study, we found that in navigation assisted surgery, doctors can use DTI to observe the location of brain tissue more clearly. This paper mainly studies the principle and data formula of DTI, and compares and summarizes how the nerve bundle image generated by DTI plays a role in navigation assisted surgery. The method proposed is very workable for doctors, and the effect of operation is also very easy to see.


Biologists have never been under the illusion that theirs was a science as exact as physics, and as clinicians we know that patients often get better despite us rather than because of us. None the less there is an underlying hope that in the future our increased knowledge will enable us to prt$ict the outcome of disease for a particular patient with a reasonable degree of certainty. Developments in mathematics and physics in the last 15 years may mean we need to revise this philosophy. There are lenty of questions anaesthetists would like to answer. tiJ hich patient with underlying coronary ischaemia will suffer a myocardial infarction in the perioperative period? Which patient with pre-existing disease of the respiratory system will require prolonged ventilation of the lungs postoperatively, and which patient will be impossible to wean from artificial ventilation? Which patient will suffer a stroke after carotid endarterectomy? How can we foretell that the most recent admission to the intensive care unit is not going to survive despite maximal treatment? The benefits of being able to answer these questions are obvious. For some years we have placed much confidence in the ability of the computer to manipulate large quantities of data. It seems intuitively obvious that if we can measure more and more variables, measure each of them more and more accurately, and submit them to the correct complex statistical analysis, then surely we must be able to predict individual outcome with some certainty. That is what the meteorologists thought about modelling the weather, but they were wrong.' Our intuition is probably wrong too, and for the same reason: chaos. Scientists have been diverging since experimental science began. There has been some cross-fertilisation between subjects but no new unifying theory which is important to all subjects. Coincident with the development of the digital computer in the 60s and 70s, and because of it, mathematicians and physicists began to explore the behaviour of nonlinear systems, that is systems for which the output depends on some function of the input that is more complex than y = kx or similar function. The other feature of the systems was that they were iterative: the output was itself the input for the next state of the system. The exact form of the systems that were explored does not matter because the behaviour was the same no matter what the nonlinear system: if certain scaling parameters were manipulated, the output of the systems became apparently unpredictable. And in the approach to unpredictability, the behaviour of all systems was the same. First there was ordered development of oscillations in output, termed 'period doubling'. Secondly, beyond a critical value of the parameter the output of the system became chaotic. Thirdly, the exact value of the parameter at which a system became chaotic was undefinable; no matter how much the boundary between order and chaos was magnified, no clear dividing line emerged. The mathematicians studied pure equations; the physicists studied physical systems such as convection and turbulence. The same observations emerged of period doubling and progression to chaos. The infinite detail generated by nonlinear dynamics is best illustrated by the behaviour of the equation z + zz+c, (the next value of z is the square of its current value, to which is added the constant c). Both z and c are complex numbers but an understanding of complex numbers is not required to appreciate the outcome of the repeated solution of the equation. The resulting structure, named the Mandelbrot set after its discoverer, is the most complex mathematical object ever discovered, yet is generated by this absurdly simple equation. The pictures of its deeper structure, and of the Julia sets to which it forms a catalogue, are extraordinarily beautif~l.~.' This is pure mathematical theory. It is not biology although it is an excellent introduction to a feeling for what chaos is about. The theoretical biologist, Robert May, wrote a paper in 1976 that is now a classic in chaos t h e ~ r y . ~ Suppose that this year, year n, there is a population of insects p,, where p is between 0 and 1. Next year, year n+l, the population will be larger if there are more insects available to breed, P,,+~ cc pn; but smaller because there will be less food, pn+, cc (1 -pJ. The resulting equation, pn+, = C.p,(l -pJ, is simple, yet as C is increased beyond 3.6 it exhibits extremely complex behaviour. It is neither random, which implies uniform distribution, nor is it variable about a mean. The behaviour is actually absolutely deterministic but to all intents and purposes it is chaotic. The behaviour of real insect populations follows May's predictions. Extensions of them have been applied to mixed populations of predators and prey. Glycolysis and the membrane potentials of excitable tissues show chaotic behaviour, at the other extreme. It has also been shown in the endocrine system, the haematopoietic system, and in breathing. An early paper, which discussed ventilatory oscillations and oscillations in white cell counts in leukaemia, was that of Glass and M a ~ k a y . ~ A useful source text for the physiological applications of chaos theory is Rapp's chapter in the book edited by Holden.6 Many of the investigators were at a recent meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, reported briefly in the British Medical Journal.' One of the features of a system in chaos is extreme sensitivity to the starting values. A computer program to explore the behaviour of May's equation is only a few lines of code. There are plenty of illustrations of the behaviour in the books on the subject, and Hofstadter gives a clear account,* but it is instructive to watch the process. The behaviour when C = 3.80074 cannot be predicted from watching the behaviour when C = 3.80073. There are no physical variables that can be measured with this accuracy, far less any biological ones. There is predictability in the progression to chaos.


In this paper, an artificial fish swarm algorithm was developed to select a proper basis of wavelet packet transform used in the robust image watermark. In the proposed algorithm, watermark is viewed as a vector. To embed the watermark, a vector composed of wavelet coefficients selected from wavelet packet transform of an image will then be modified. The performance measure is the quality of the watermarked images. Both artificial fish swarm and the watermark embedding process will try to optimize the image quality, so the performance will be better than directly embedding the watermark into wavelet domain coefficients. Simulation results obtained from the approach based on the artificial fish swarm algorithm are compared with the heuristic based approach. The experimental results show that the proposed approach in terms of image quality is encouraging when compared to the heuristic approach.


Analyzing the characteristics of existing heating systems,an openness and scalable intelligent home heating system(Hea-tingCare) is presented according to the development trend of smart home and personalized requirements.Further,the key technologies in LHA is mainly studied,such as heating-suply control model and dynamic regulation algorithm,and some solutions for these key problems are shown.Finally the eBox hardware and Windows CE operating system based on embedded system implementation success-fully are given.


The northwestern Avalon Terrane, Newfoundland, is underlain by Neoproterozoic rocks traditionally divided into older Love Cove Group, medial Connecting Point Group, and the unconformably overlying ...


Abstract The diet of 72 longfinned eels, Anguilla dieffenbachii, from Lake Rotoiti, Nelson Lakes National Park, New Zealand, was numerically dominated by snails, especially Lymnaea. Larvae of the dragonfly, Procordulia grayi, were extensively eaten as they migrated towards the shore for emergence. By weight, the most important food was fish, with upland bullies, Gobiomorphus breviceps, most important for eels 700 mm.


THE TREATMENT described here is intended only for elementary students. For many, the method described in Dr Hughes' 'Principles of Electricity in M.K.S. Units' (page 140) may be more suitable; but it involves the use of algebra to show that the time constant of a circuit containing inductance and resistance is given by L/R; and no reference is made to the graph of induced e.m.f., nor to the graph for the decay of the current (only the growth of current is discussed). For an elementary class which had seen the waveforms described last month, a treatment was required which would be arithmetical rather than algebraic, and would be adapted to the circuit of. Figure. 1, which differs slightly from that to which Dr Hughes' treatment applies.


Suppression of the forward propagating LP/sub 01/ core mode of >17 dB with <-30-dB backreflection over a narrow wavelength band is demonstrated utilizing a tilted photoinduced Bragg grating in a deep depressed inner cladding single-mode fiber (SMF). Theoretical and experimental results detailing the tilted grating filter performance in matched cladding, depressed inner cladding, and photosensitive cladding SMF's are presented.


The properties of suspending agents and deflocculants and the particle size of BaSO_4 are the main factors affecting the viscosity of bariumsulfate suspension.The viscosity of homogeneous suspension with small particleswas more affected by the gas-producing agents than that of non-homogeneous suspen-sion with large particles.The viscosity of barium sulfate suspension would bedecreased obviously when heating and stirring it with the deflocculants sodiumcitrate at 80~90℃ or with sodium hexametaphosphate at 40~45℃ for 1~2hrespectively.


The collision of Australia-Antarctica with western Laurentia in the late Mesoproterozoic or early
Neoproterozoic is hypothesised marks the final assembly of the supercontinent Rodinia. Evidence for
metamorphism or deformation along the eastern margin of Australia-Antarctica and the western margin of
Laurentia that might be attributed to this Rodinia-forming collision is equivocal. One of the few places in
eastern Australia where Late Mesoproterozioc metamorphism is recognised is King Island- a small island
located approximately 100 km northwest of Tasmania. Based on its record of Late Mesoproterozoic
metamorphism, some workers interpret King Island to be a fragment of the collisional suture between
Australia-Antarctica and Laurentia within Rodinia. However, the tectonic setting of Late Mesoproterozoic
metamorphism on King Island has not been studied in detail and the interpretation that it reflects
collisional processes has not been demonstrated.
This study presents results from recent field-based mapping on King Island and a reassessment of the
pressure-temperature-time history of the Late Mesoproterozoic metamorphic event recorded here.
Mesoproterozoic strata exposed on the west coast of King Island comprise sandy turbidites of the Surprise
Bay Formation. The Surprise Bay Formation is intruded by a series of northeast trending dolerite dykes with
MORB and within-plate basalt geochemical affinities. Probable mafic volcaniclastic rocks are locally
interlayered with turbdites in the Surprised Bay Formation and are compositionally similar to the dolerite
dykes. Both the Surprise Bay Formation and dolerite dykes record deformation assigned to D1, which
produced a subhorizontal fabric and tight recumbent folds that were subsequently rotated into an upright
position during Neoproterozoic—Paleozoic deformation. Metamorphism was pre- to syn-kinematic with
respect to D1 with the peak garnet- and andalusite-bearing assemblages equilibrating in the low-pressure
amphibolite facies at ca. 1290 Ma.
Integrating field and microstructural observations suggests that sedimentation, mafic magmatism,
deformation, and low-pressure medium-temperature metamorphism on King Island may have been
broadly contemporaneous. We suggest that Late Mesoproterozoic metamorphism on King Island occurred
in a mature continental rift setting, where mantle upwelling and voluminous mafic magmatism drive low pressure
medium—high-temperature metamorphism in thinned continental crust. Late Mesoproterozoic
tectonism on King Island may therefore to be unrelated to orogenesis associated with the assembly of
Rodinia. Instead, ca. 1290 Ma rift-related metamorphism on King Island overlaps with the final stages of the
breakup of the supercontinent Nuna, which is also recorded by widespread basin formation throughout
mainland Tasmania at this time.


The National Ground Intelligence Center (NGIC) collects massive quantities of textual data in foreign languages. To support exploitation in light of intelligence requirements, a triage process must be applied to this data as those requirements emerge, to identify the most useful data for further exploitation. Machine translation provides critical support for this triage. This paper outlines the types of collected data and the different challenges they present for machine translation, as well as the types of triage to support for collections of this nature, and the issues raised for machine translation by those uses.


Right hepatic arterial injury is a common vascular injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, occurring in approximately 25% of patients with biliary injuries [1]. We report the case of a 78-year-old man who, 1 month after undergoing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, was referred for hemobilia and collapse caused by the rupture of a cystic artery pseudoaneurysm into the common bile duct (CBD). Angiography showed active bleeding that was treated by conventional coil embolization [2] (▶Fig. 1). The patient was re-referred with obstructive cholangitis 1 month later (▶Fig. 2), but endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) failed owing to a bile duct stricture that could not be passed. We then performed percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage to gauge the stricture over the course of a year (▶Fig. 3 a). We removed the drain after 1 year with correct sizing of the stricture, but cholangitis subsequently recurred, requiring further percutaneous drainage prior to performing percutaneous cholangioscopy (CHF type V choledochoscope; Olympus, Tokyo, Japan). During cholangioscopy, we identified coils that had migrated into the CBD and easily removed these by pushing them with a biopsy forceps into the duodenum (▶Fig. 3b; ▶Video 1). The patient was discharged with transhepatic drainage for an additional 3 months (▶Fig. 3 c). We hope that the removal of the coils will improve CBD healing, although we fear the development of an ischemic biliary stenosis. Few cases of coil migration into the CBD have been reported [3] and ERCP treatment has been suggested [4], but the percutaneous approach is another option. In this video, we demonstrate the removal of migrated coils with a percutaneous endoscopic approach, thereby avoiding complex surgery.


Public data collected or possessed by administrative agencies and subsequently released as Open Data is expected to bring about positive economic effects. The purpose of this paper is to establish whether that expectation holds true and how to best estimate the positive economic effect provided by the utilization of open data. This paper considers previous research covering the economic impact of open data and the utility of the approaches they suggest.


Fast and accurate grid synchronization is essential for grid-connected converter control. The existing phase locking schemes are divided into two categories: closed-loop phase locking (CLPL) and open-loop phase locking (OLPL). OLPL methods show good steady-state performance and strong robustness to the variations and imbalance of the grid, however, the dynamic response is not fast enough due to their PID-based controller. Usually, more than one grid cycle is required for CLPL methods to lock completely the new phase. On the contrary, OLPL methods are characterized by fast grid synchronization, which has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. This paper proposes a novel fast open-loop phase locking scheme based on the synchronous reference frame (SRF-OLPL) to synchronize the true phase angle of the grid, which possesses well adaptive disturbance elimination properties and remarkable performance of dynamic responses at the same time.


Here we give a high-level overview of the self-assembly models being used in order to motivate the problems posed, put it into context of the existing literature, and for clarity. The most common self-assembly models are explained conceptually in this section. For full detailed definitions, please see the referenced papers in each section. Some of these details will also be further explained in subsequent sections as needed.


The scientific and engineering challenges of the 21 st century will create a system of health and longevity in healthcare view under sustainable ecology based on interrelationships among government, industry, and academia in globalization. Agronomy is the most important topics associated with healthcare and ecology, and systems agronomy approach designs more productive and environmentally-sound agricultural production systems with security.


By A rt Preis Lewis C arro ll's A lic e 's A dven tures in W onderland is a study in stark realism and rigorous logic compared to Washington's policies in Southeast Asia. Seeking some k ind of sense in the recent utterances of U.S. spokesmen like President Lyndon B. Johnson or UN delegate A d la i E. Stevenson is lik e a psychiatrist hunting a point of rea lity in the " w ord salad" of a schizophrenic patient. Take, fo r instance, one all-re ve a lin g omission in Stevenson's w ide-ranging speech before the UN Security Council last week after the pro-Communist Pathet Lao arm y took over tw o -th irds of Laos, bordering N orth and South Vietnam , in a few days. In his fro th ing d ia tribe against the d iabolical moves of the Pathet Lao, to w hich he linked the Chi nese and N o r t h Vietnamese, Stevenson " fo rgot" to mention one " l it t le " point. The Pathet Lao moved on ly a fte r the A p r il 19 coup in w hich the righ t-w ing gen erals overthrew and " absorbed" the neutra lis t government of Prim e M in is te r Souvanna Phouma. This would have been an embar rassing po in t fo r Stevenson to mention since some un friend ly delegate m ight have asked i f it were not true tha t the right-w ing coup had been engineered and financed by the U.S. Central In  telligence Agency, the " spooks" who carry out th is k ind of d ir ty w ork w h ich the W hite House and State Departm ent don't care to take responsib ility for.


The 'Walker Paper' represents a commendable effort to find middle-ground on the World Trade Organization (WTO) Appellate Body, but does not address the US concerns about the Appellate Body's overreaching in antidumping, countervailing duty, and General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) Article XIX 'escape clause' disputes, and instead seizes on a series of half-hearted fixes to the long list of concerns in US Trade Representative's (USTR's) 'Report on the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization'. US concerns about overreaching date back to the Bush 43 and Obama Administrations and are rooted in the Appellate Body's 'zeroing' line of cases. The concerns rest on the conviction of US trade officials who participated in the Uruguay Round negotiations and later served in the Bush 43, Obama, and Trump Administrations, that there was never a WTO agreement to abolish 'zeroing'. This view was shared by the WTO Secretariat and WTO Panels and underpinned the contentious, decade-long impasse between USTR, the WTO Secretariat, and WTO Panels on the one hand, and the Appellate Body and Appellate Body Secretariat on the other. While the Appellate Body's overreaching has multiple sources, one is its dismissive approach to negotiating history under Article 32 of the Vienna Convention, and obsessive reliance on the Oxford English Dictionary as a main source of meaning in interpreting the WTO Agreements. Had the Appellate Body taken a more respectful look at the Uruguay Round negotiating history, it would have found no support for efforts to read a broad prohibition on zeroing into terms that dated back to the Kennedy Round Antidumping Agreement, Tokyo Round Antidumping Code, and GATT 1947. The Appellate Body's overreaching also appears to stem from hubris, as some Appellate Body Members have sought to make their mark on international jurisprudence or serve as saviours of the WTO system. While some in Geneva are clearly hoping the US concerns will disappear once the Biden Administration takes office, these concerns predated Ambassador Lighthizer by over a decade and are shared by both Republicans and Democratic Members of Congress. Accordingly, even if the new Administration were to seize on some variant of the Walker paper as an excuse to placate US allies and trading partners, it's unlikely to offer a lasting solution, since the same problems will likely recur without serious systemic and structural reforms.
World Trade Organization, WTO, Appellate Body, Dispute Settlement Understanding, Dispute Settlement, Antidumping Agreement, Zeroing


The state of the art of motion control and force control of robot arms is reviewed and the kinematics and statics of sophisticated robot arm mechanisms such as the redundant arm, multiple arms and the flexible arm are unified from a new viewpoint of the system theoretical approach. The two main techniques for the motion control are model-based control and feed-back control. A feedback control scheme called disturbance cancellation control is a challenge to the model-based scheme to eliminate the inverse dynamics calculation. Transition problems regarding the force control such as collision detection and collision force control are new problems of interest. The system theoretical approach to the arm mechanisms is an effective means of understanding the mapping relation between the workspace and the jointspace and gives fundamentals to the task description in the workspace.


Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has become a growing area of study as more young people exposed to TBI have been documented to exhibit lasting cognitive deficits. Previous research indicates that TBI may increase the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Mechanisms by which these diseases manifest after TBI is not well studied. Previous studies have established rat and mouse TBI models that often incorporate mutated AD transgenes that results in phenotypes unrepresentative of TBI. Our study attempts to validate a more clinically relevant TBI model using repeated mild closed-skull controlled cortical impacts on mice expressing the unmutated gene that encodes human APP (hAPP), the parent protein of ADassociated Amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein, which only produces slightly elevated levels of Aβ in contrast with most other transgenic models. We found that impacted hAPP mice exhibit locomotor and cognitive deficits as compared to mice that received a sham treatment. Document Type Thesis Distinguished Thesis Yes Degree Name Bachelor of Arts (BA) Department or Program Neuroscience First Advisor Anne E. Houde Second Advisor Benjamin Zeller Third Advisor Robert A. Marr, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine & Science Subject Categories Neurosciences This thesis is available at Lake Forest College Publications: https://publications.lakeforest.edu/seniortheses/130 Lake Forest College Archives Your thesis will be deposited in the Lake Forest College Archives and the College's online digital repository, Lake Forest College Publications. This agreement grants Lake Forest College the non-exclusive right to distribute your thesis to researchers and over the Internet and make it part of the Lake Forest College Publications site. You warrant: • that you have the full power and authority to make this agreement; • that you retain literary property rights (the copyright) to your work. Current U.S. law stipulates that you will retain these rights for your lifetime plus 70 years, at which point your thesis will enter common domain; • that for as long you as you retain literary property rights, no one may sell your thesis without your permission; • that the College will catalog, preserve, and provide access to your thesis; • that the thesis does not infringe any copyright, nor violate any proprietary rights, nor contain any libelous matter, nor invade the privacy of any person or third party; • If you request that your thesis be placed under embargo, approval from your thesis chairperson is required. By signing below, you indicate that you have read, understand, and agree to the statements above. Printed Name: Trevor J. Buhr Thesis Title: Amyloid-beta Exacerbates Behavioral Deficits in Mice After Repeated Mild TBI This thesis is available at Lake Forest College Publications: https://publications.lakeforest.edu/seniortheses/130 LAKE FOREST COLLEGE Senior Thesis Amyloid-beta Exacerbates Behavioral Deficits in Mice After Repeated Mild TBI


Economic development may encounter unexpected shocks, such as financial crises, major epidemics and natural disasters. The ability of a country's economy to recover from such shocks determines its long-term economic development trend. This article combines the theory of economic resilience and the theory of social capabilities to construct an analysis framework of economic resilience based on social capabilities. From the two dimensions of resistance and recoverability, it establishes the conceptual framework and conceptual framework of economic resilience for 16 prefecture-level cities in Yunnan Province from 2005 to 2017. The indicator system analyzes the evolutionary stages of economic resilience in Yunnan Province, and then analyzes the countermeasures for the economic transformation of Yunnan Province based on social capabilities.


Method of detecting arcing faults in power circuit comprises the following steps. A first signal is determined in relation to the current (I) flowing in the power circuit. First signal, the signal is analyzed to determine whether to show the presence of the electric arc (7, 8) in the power circuit. First signal, indicating the presence of the electric arc (7, 8) in the power circuit, for operating the means for suppressing electric arc. Then, a second signal related to the current (I) flowing in the power circuit is determined and analyzed. Arcing faults in the power circuit is informed when the second signal does not indicate the presence of the electric arc (7, 8). System for detecting arcing faults is designed to perform the corresponding method. .The


Multi-Agent Geo-Simulation (MAGS) is a modelling and simulation paradigm which involves a large number of autonomous situated agents evolving in, and interacting with, an explicit description of a geographic environment called a Virtual Geographic Environment (VGE). Path planning in MAGS has to be solved in real time, often under constraints of limited memory and CPU resources. Moreover, the computational cost of path planing increases in complex and large-scale VGEs. In addition, most current planners only provide agents with obstacle-free paths and do not take into account the environments' topologic and semantic characteristics nor the agents' capabilities. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to build a semantically-enhanced and geometrically-accurate VGE called an Informed VGE (IVGE). We also present a hierarchical path planningalgorithm which takes advantage of this IVGE's rich description in order to provide autonomous situated agentswith plausible paths with respect to both the environment'sand the agents' characteristics.


The first catalog of chromospherically active and ellipsoidal variable stars in the OGLE database is presented. The periods, the observed magnitudes and colors, their values free of interstellar extinction, and Fourier coefficients of light modulation are given for 549 stars. New color-magnitude diagrams based on new color determinations are presented. The chromospherically active stars are all among the bulge red giants, while the ellipsoidal binary stars are near the disk main sequence turn-off point. A discovery of a small group of very red ($2<(V-I)_0<6$) and bright, chromospherically active bulge giants ($I_0\approx13$ mag) is also reported.


The most control schemes that are applied to the robot manipulator which carries a variable or unknown load and moves along a planned path with fast speed and high precision are not of practical use. The study of robot control is still much nepessary. In this paper, we present a new combination controller for robot manipulator whose dynamic characteristics are highly nonlinear. This controller is composed with three sub-controllers. Those are nonlinear compensator, adaptive controller and variable structure controller. The algorithm of the controller is very simple, audio-visual and reasonable, and it is along with decouple controllers except the part of the nonlinear compensator.


There are a number of programs and modelling systems available for processing regional emission inventory data for modelling applications. These models are used to temporalize, speciate and spatially allocate Stateor County-wide emissions to a model grid for photochemical or dispersion modelling. The spatial allocation of emissions is done using spatial surrogates which normally take the form of digital maps of road networks or census data. The preparation of spatial surrogates is typically cumbersome due to specific software needs and the inherent complexity in modifying the emission processors. A need to produce spatial surrogates faster using readily available information was identified. This paper provides a review of techniques for preparing spatial surrogates using cheaper, more readily available software and data. ArcView and ARC/INFO commercial GIS (Geographic Information System) software packages were used to develop unique programs and tools for this purpose. These programs were written to allow for the inclusion of any type or number of spatial surrogates; from traditional sources such as road networks and census data, to less traditional sources such as airports and flight paths, marine transport routes, railways, industrial, commercial, and residential land uses, and so on. These techniques and software tools have been used with great success in the preparation of spatial surrogate ratios for use with emission models such as SMOKE, as well as in the apportionment of emissions data into gridded area sources for use with dispersion models such as CALPUFF and AERMOD.


Since 2001, the United States has been gathering and analyzing data to determine the outer limits of its extended continental shelf (ECS). Beginning in 2007, however, that effort became a more serious and coordinated endeavor with the establishment of a multi-agency ECS Task Force and dedicated funding to undertake this important work. The US juridical continental shelf begins at the Barrow margin and extends northward across the Chukchi Borderland, possibly as far as the Alpha-Mendeleev Ridge system. The Chukchi Borderland is a submarine elevation that enables the United States to define an ECS beyond 350 nm from shore. Four other countries bordering the Arctic Ocean have ECS in this part of the world. Keywords: Chukchi Borderland; extended continental shelf (ECS); United States


athogen reduction (PR) is a novel approach to decreasing pathogen transmission by blood transfusion. It has the potential to inactivate a broad range of pathogens that could be found in donated blood products and thus it would complement existing methods to prevent or decrease the presence of pathogens. The current methods include donor selection, skin disinfection, diversion of initial collection, and testing for specific agents. The concept of PR holds great promise. Ideally, PR methods should inactivate all pathogens found in blood products, not damage the transfusion product, and be safe to be administered to all patients. In reality, PR methodology is in its infancy and has yet to reach its true potential. In their current form, PR treatments are unlikely to sterilize the transfusion product. This results from large loads of certain pathogens that could overwhelm the capacity of the treatment, resistant forms of pathogens, inaccessible pathogens due to interference from storage bag geometry, poor light energy delivery due to interfering substances, and the potential for human error during processing. The PR methods are not strictly pathogen specific and produce collateral damage to the transfusion products that is often evident by the decreased retention of these products in circulation. In addition, the toxicity of PR chemicals and their metabolites and adducts may not be realized until a large-scale patient population is exposed to them. The FDA will evaluate PR treatments for their efficacy in decreasing pathogens in blood products, their effect on the transfusion product, and their safety to the recipient of treated products.


As one reviews the epidemiologic evidence linking microalbuminuria as a measure of increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, one is struck by the consistency of the data in diabetic and nondiabetic populations.1 Given that this test is simple to obtain, relatively inexpensive, and provides enormous predictive value relative to many other clinical cardiovascular testing measures, why is it not used more frequently in the general population to screen for cardiovascular disease?

Traditionally in clinical medicine, we have focused on blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose levels as a means of identifying those patients at risk for cardiovascular disease events. We have also used reduction of these clinical measures as an indicator of therapeutic success. Although there remains some debate as to how intensive the goals should be, in general, lower goals are recommended for those patients with more cardiovascular disease risks. Could longitudinal measurements of urine microalbumin add some objectivity to our estimation of treatment response to high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, or diabetes?

Why is a microvascular abnormality of the blood–urine interface within the glomeruli of the kidneys such a powerful tool for predicting macrovascular events such as stroke and myocardial infarction? This is an intriguing issue to consider. Which comes first? …


Neuromarketing is nowadays one of the most used tools in the world for brand positioning, because of its great contributions in predicting customer's behaviors, seeking to improve the outdated marketing processes. That is the reason why, in this article it is described, in the first part, the importance of Neuromarketing in the business world and how the senses influence the perceptions and emotions of individuals, analyzing the different stimuli in customer's behaviors at the time of making purchasing decisions, with the intention to get to predict general consumer's behaviors, and on that basis develop strategies to reach them out directly. In the second part, some Neuromarketing strategies applied to brand positioning are described, such as: Olfactory Identity, emotional advertising, characters identification, audio branding, and corporate colors; examples of which are specified in regard to global well-known enterprises. It is intended to introduce the reader to some of the existing Neuromarketing strategies that can be used to design communication tools and sales that enable organizations to capture the market segment in a simpler way, and make customers feel identified with the brand or product.


Reduction of energy is one way of cutting the cost of finished steel products. In this context heat treatment is a costly stage of the production. This paper presents a method of reducing soft-annealing times. The method termed as ASR (accelerated spheroidization and refinement) was employed for improving the cold formability of the ferrite-pearlite steel. In this study, plain low-carbon RSt-32 steel was used as the experimental material. The influence of deformation below the Ac1 temperature on grain refinement and carbide spheroidization, as well the influence of the temperature cycling around the Ac1 temperature within the temperature intervals of various widths were explored. In addition, attention was paid to the effects of the holding time between deformation steps and to the amount of deformation heat. The initial lamellar pearlite was converted into a recrystallized structure with fine ferrite grains of about 3 μm and fine spheroidized cementite. The final hardness was about 150 HV10. This is by about 25 % lower than the hardness of the initial ferrite-lamellar pearlite structure. Significant time and energy savings can be reached as the treatment shortens the thermomechanical exposure from several hours to several minutes.


The invention relates to Chinese herbal tea and a preparation method thereof, and in particular relates to a concentrated solution of Chinese herbal tea and a preparation method thereof. The herbal tea comprises 1000-3500 parts of Chinese mesona herb, 135-900 parts of frangipani, 45-900 parts of folium microcotis, 180-900 parts of chrysanthemum, 180-900 parts of honeysuckle, 180-900 parts of common selfheal fruit-spike and 45-900 parts of liquorice by weight. After raw material treatment, aqueous extraction, ethanol precipitation, concentration, water precipitation, centrifugation and sterilizing packaging, the concentrated solution the concentration of which is 30-35Be is obtained. The utilization rate of active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicines is increased by adopting the preparation method and the portable and healthy herbal tea drink is obtained.


A hair cutting apparatus comprising: an elongate element (260) heated to a temperature capable of cutting hair; a vibrating structure (200), on which said elongate element (260) is mounted; and a housing (106) in which the vibrating structure (200) is mounted.


Long-baseline bistatic radar systems have been investigated and built in the past, but short-range tactical applications of bistatic radar have not been explored in such detail. This paper briefly introduces the concept of bistatic and multistatic radar, compares the features of long-baseline and short-baseline systems, and describes a demonstration system designed to facilitate investigations into short-range tactical bistatic radar operation at X-band. This system, which is designed to be fully portable, features a phased array receiver with high-bandwidth digital beamforming, which can be used with a wide choice of modulations (pulsed and continuous), including high-PRF operation.


The present invention provides a method for personalizing a secure processor of the NFC system to execute a security application, the server identification data of the stored user to secure the storage medium, personalized data corresponding to the identification data of the user, and encryption of the secure processor obtaining the identification data of the user of the NFC system including a key, the method comprising: by the server uses the encryption key and encrypting said personalization data, and transmitting the encrypted personalization data to the NFC system, said secure processor It relates to a method of personalizing a secure processor which includes the step of receiving the encrypted personalization data, and the step of decrypting the encrypted personalization data, the secure processor is stored in a secure personalized data. NFC systems, security processor, personalization, and security applications, and encryption key


Over the last decade, banks have spent a great deal of resources on technology improvements. With decreasing interest rate spreads, banks are being forced to look for new ways to increase profits. Recently, new legislation was passed that will allow banks to become more efficient in check truncation through technology. The new legislation is commonly referred to as Check 21. If used properly. Check 21 will increase employee efficiency and reduce other operational costs such as courier services. This paper examines the short history of Check 21 and discusses how technology affects banks profitability. Key areas where banks can become more efficient with the help of the new technology will also be determined. The paper will give ROl, NPV, and IRR estimates for what the new technology investments will provide. There is also a checklist for managers that will help determine the best technology for their banks. INTRODUCTION Check 21 is a new law recently passed by the United States Congress (House of Representatives, 2003). This law gives a printed check image the same legal standing as an original paper check. This will allow banks to simply swap images of checks electronically. The law was passed due to the effect September 11, 2001 had on the banking industry. In the aftermath of 9/11, planes were grounded all over the nation; therefore, checks could not be sent to their bank of origin. This effectively cost many individuals and businesses millions of dollars. Holds were put on deposits made because the funds were uncollectible for an extra two to three days (Anderson, 2004; Kelly, 2004; Kendler, 2004; Thomas, 2004). For years prior to passing Check 21 law, the U.S. Congress had been researching possible ways for banks to swap checks electronically. Check 21 has the potential to save banks millions of dollars per year by doing away with sorting and transportation costs, as well as reducing the risks associated with returned checks. The consensus in the banking industry is that most, if not all, U.S. banks will have to acquire the technology to exchange images in the near future. The costs associated with this new technology will definitely be a barrier for many of the smaller banks and may open the door for many new mergers to take place in the banking industry. Articles have suggested that the DTA (Distributed Traffic Agent) developed by VECTORsgi may be the best technology solution for many banks (Anderson, 2004; Bielski, 2005, Hollingsworth, 2004, Kendler, 2004). This new law took effect in October of 2004. However, after one and half-year, there is still much to learn about the technology options available. Furthermore, there will definitely be security issues that must be resolved before the image transferring begins. Due to the changing times in the banking industry, this topic warrants immediate investigation. Not long ago, "image processing" to many banks simply referred to check safe keeping, microfilm replacement, or one or more point solutions delivering incremental benefit to a portion of the overall process. Increasingly, financial institutions are embracing benefits of re-engineering their check operations in response to the radically changing payments landscape. At the present, there appears to be diverse response to the current challenge. All fmancial instimtions acknowledge the need to address the impact of Check 21 on their current operating models and the impact shrinking margins are having on their core services (Boardman, 2006; Pezdirtz, 2003). The majority of banks recognize the benefit of identifying and deploying end-to-end image solutions and capturing the full savings potential of image exchange (Bielski, 2005; Bills, 2004;Denver, 2006; LaRue, 2003). Many banks are beginning to create detailed business cases and ROT estimates to support these initiatives. A growing number are Communications of the IIMA 99 2006 Volume 6 Issue 3 Check 21; The New Technological Drive Toward Paperless Banking Hsieh preparing to deploy image-based re-engineering of their current operating models and are beginning to pilot various image exchange solutions (Bearingpoint.com, 2004). The rest of the paper is organized as follows. Although, most studies regarding Check 21 were done by the practitioners, a rather thorough review of the related articles will be presented first. A simple retum on investment (ROl) model is then used to illustrate how the technologies induced by Check 21 might help banking industry. Some management implications will then be presented. A short summary of major findings and a brief of directions for future studies then conclude this report.


The studies collected in this volume represent Spiro's contention that despite marked differences, non-Western peoples are "brother," not "other," and that the opportunity to construct a genuine cross-cultural science with commanding universals remains compelling. "Melford E. Spiro" is the author.


Assessment is a topic of great interest to the cataloging and metadata community. In the last decade it has gotten significantly more attention, partly as a response to movements in the academic li...


Synopsis The linkage relationships between egg albumen loci Ov, II, III and Tf are examined in segregation data from backcross matings. The suggestion of close linkage between the Ov locus and locus II is confirmed. Loci II, III and Tf show evidence of very loose linkage but the data are also compatible with the loci located on different chromosomes.


The Common Moorhen, a member of the rail family, show worldwide distribution including Asia and Europe. The bird is commonly observed in the wetlands, lakes and reservoirs (Belton, 1994). Common Moorhen usually flies, with limited capability, in the night hours and is capable of performing local migration (Sirgrist, 2006). Anatomical study, of this bird, has been carried out on organs like liver and stomach (Jaseem et al., 2016; Ibrahim et al., 2016). However, to our knowledge little work has been reported on the skeletal system of this bird. The sternum gives attachment to important flight muscles in birds. The current study was therefore designed with the aim to study the gross morphological features of the sternum in this bird. Owing to the fact that there is a correlation between sternal morphometry and flight behaviour (Duzler et al., 2006), the study was also focussed to study the morphometry of the sternum in Common Moorhen.


polynomial if for j = O,..., m the Aj are symmetric j-linear bounded operators: (lR"y'+ IR, in other words, if Ajxj= 1 aj,...j,xil...xi, with ail.. .j in iR. II j,+. . . +j,=j (b) a,P=m, is the order of the abstract polynomial P if for 0 < k <.m, : A,xk = 0 and A,,x"'l& 0. (c) aP= m2 is the exact degree of the abstract polynomial P if for m,(k<m:Akxk=OandA,,,ZxmZ&O. We say that J(x) = 0(x') if SlJ,rEIR,+,o<r< 1 :]F(x)l<J.i]x]]' for /Ix/] < r. DEFINITION 1.2. The couple of abstract polynomials (P(x), Q(x)) = (Alm+,~'m+' + .e. + A,,,,x'~,B,~+~~~~+~ + ... +&x'"') such that the power series (F e Q P)(x) = O(X'"'~'~"'~ ') (1) is called a solution of the Pad&approximation problem of order (1, m), The choice of order and degree of P and Q is justified in 121. For every non-negative integers f and m a solution of the problem described in Definition 1.2 exists [2]. We call the quotient of two abstract polynomials P/Q : I?" + IR : x + P(x)/Q(x) reducible if there exist abstract polynomials T, R, S such that P = T. R and Q = T. S and 3T > 1. If (P, Q) and (R, S) are solutions of (1) (for I and m fixed), then P(x) + S(x) = Q(x) . R(x) for every x in iR". This "equivalence-property" of solutions of (1) justifies the following definitions. DEFINITION 1.3. Let (P, Q) be a couple of abstract polynomials satisfying (l), with Q(x) $0. Let P*/Q* be the irreducible form of p/Q such that Q,(O) = 1. If this form exists, we call it the normalized (abstract) multivariate Pad&approximant (APA) of order (I, m) for F (normalized (1, m)-APA). Remark that for the polynomial T such that (P, Q) = (P* . T, Q, . T): &T=a,Q-a,Q*. For the normalized (I, m)-APA we have I' := ap, < 1, m' := aQ* < m, a,T> Im. MULTIVARIATE PADi-APPROXIMANTS 285 DEFINITION 1.4. Let (P, Q) be a couple of abstract polynomials satisfying (l), with Q(x) f 0. If the irreducible form P*/Q* is such that a,Q, > 1, then we call PJQ, the (abstract) multivariate Padk-approximant of order (1, m) for F ((1, mtAPA). The (I, m)-APA is unique up to a multiplicative constant in numerator and denominator. For the (1, mkAPA 1' := 3P, &,Q, < 1, m' :=aQ,-a,Q*<m, a,T>lm-a,Q,. From now on we shall often consider the normalized (I, m)-APA to be a special case of the (1, m)-APA and not mention the specification normalized. 2. EXISTENCE OF A NONTRIVIAL SOLUTION OF (1) (a) When n = 1, the definition of the abstract Pad&approximant is precisely the classical definition [ 3 1. (b) The problem (1) is equivalent with the solution of two linear systems of equations: c, . Blmx'm = A,,,x'y vx E Ri". C,X'.B,mX'm+.+CO.B,,+,x'm+'=A,,t,x'm", c,+,x'+' . BlmXIm + *.. + Cl+,mmX'+'-m~ B,,+n,x'm+m=O, (la) C;+mXltm . BIm.P + '.+ + C,x' . B,,+,x""+~ = 0, with B,,+/x""+~ = 0 for j > m. vx E R". (lb) Ckxk = (l/k!) Ftk'(0) xk for k > 0, Ckxk = 0 for k < 0. The homogeneous system contains N, = (":~~::~"') ( ':dy:') equations in N, = ( "p',") (";;"y) unknown coefficients of the B,,+j. For n = 2 : N, N, = 1 and so one unknown can be chosen and a nontrivial solution always exists. For n > 2: the nontriviality of the solution is proved as follows. Suppose that the matrix 286 ANNIE A. M. CUYT of the homogeneous system (lb) has rank k. in other words, that a vector x in 1:" exists such that the determinant of a k x k submatrix is nonzero. In any case 0 ,< k < m. The homogeneous system (1 b) can now be reduced to a homogeneous system of k equations in k A 1 of the unknown B,,, . ,x"". i (j = O,.... m): with 1 < hi ,< m for i = I..... k. and 0 <ji < m for i = O..... k. j,, <j, < ... Cj,. In fact we have removed (m k) rows and (m /i) columns of the coefficient matrix of system (1 b) to obtain the coefficient matrix of system (1~). We will number the rows that we have removed h, ?.... h, k and the columns that we have removed J, + l....,J,,, k t I (notice that the rows that we have retained are numbered h, . . . . . h, and the columns j,, + l,..., j, + 1). If k = m then a solution of (lb) can be calculated by means of the following determinants. B In1 , i-y Im-i = C,X' C,X' I . :-.~,-J=? . . . c, , ,),. Y' * ' "' c I.,,, ,x'-'" ' /C,.,.r'*./ C,X' jth column in Bln,.~"" replaced by this column (j = l..... m) Let us introduce the following notations: MULTIVARIATE PADb-APPROXIMANTS c,+h,-j,X'+w' . . . c,+E,-j,~,x'+bjm-k D(x)= : c,+F,~,~j,x~+Lk-j~ . . . C,+~,~H-jm~kX1+%m~k-jm~k C Ifh,-j, Xl+hlrjl . . . c I+h,-jk Xl+hl-jk Djo(X) = i 3 C I+ hkpj,x l+h,-j, . c Ithk-j, Xl+hk-jk 281


System identification has always been one of the main research focuses of the control community, since the early steps of the automatic control field.
The development of a dynamical system's models from experimental data is instrumental for understanding the plant under study and designing its model-based control scheme. In the last decade, a cross-fertilization began between the System Identification and the Statistical Learning communities.
This led firstly to the introduction of regularization techniques in system identification, and, more recently, to the application of kernel methods to dynamical system learning. This thesis further investigates the roles that learning methods can have in the control science. In the first part, we lay the theoretical foundations of a new kernel-based regularization method for Nonlinear Finite Impulse Response (NFIR) system identification. The method, called Semi-Supervised Identification (SSI), relies on the manifold spanned by the system's inputs. This manifold is constructed by using not only the measured input/output data, but also inputs data for which there is no corresponding outputs. The effect of this rationale is to impose prior information on the system structure, in the form of local smoothness assumptions. This differs from standard Tikhonov regularization, which imposes a global smoothness behaviour on the learned function. The second part of this work presents practical applications of how statistical learning methods can be used to face control and estimation problems. The case studies span a variety of different applications, from fault detection of electro-mechanical actuators, to clustering methodologies and pure forecasting challanges.


The importance of energy in recent decades has provoked new research areas, notably, Energy Management System (EMS). In this paper, we propose an online Demand Response EMS with the ability to detect and separate outliers and anomalies in usage pattern which can be used for further processing. Our results depict that the proposed algorithm is most effective in reducing peak usage during on-peak hours comparing to the results of existing methods and systems.


The Paper explains the meaning of Countryside Surplus Labour Force, and express the economic significance about the transfer of Countryside Surplus Labour Force, then analysis the exis-tance problem about the current of the transfer of Countryside Surplus Labour Force, at last express some opinions and countoneasures about the transfer of Countryside Surplus Labour Force, at the same time, express the opinion about the transfer mode Administrative Level Circulation.


Cryptocurrency is attracting the attention of academic and non- academic researchers as an alternative architecture of currency. Because of the growing of cryptocurrency research, it is essential to value the existing research of cryptocurrency and identify potential future research areas. This paper provides an up to date review of Information system (IS) research on cryptocurrency adoption. In this paper, we conduct a systematic literature review to gather the previous research related to cryptocurrency adoption. The goal of this research is to identify the current research stage and open challenges for future studies in cryptocurrency adoption. Moreover, the paper presents a systematic literature review (SLR) of 25 research articles published on the adoption of cryptocurrency from 2014 to 2017. The results demonstrate that cryptocurrency adoption research has grown significantly throughout this period, and remains a fertile area for academic research. The results show that the cryptocurrency adoption literature can be classified according to three main classifications: qualitative research, quantitative research and others. The results of the SLR reveal that there is a lack of study focusing on the factors that are significantly influenced on the acceptance of cryptocurrency. Furthermore, there is also a lack of technology acceptance models used in addressing the issues. Research gap found is presented and discussed.


Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is reported to be associated with an increased risk of sudden fetal death. The possible mechanism is thought to be cardiac arrhythmia. Prolonged QT interval of the electrocardiogram (ECG) is associated with arrhytmogenic events. The aim of the study was to compare the fetal ECG QT interval during labor in pregnancies complicated with ICP to healthy controls.


This project is a fictional novella which manipulates the boundaries of identity and time in order to explore the ways in which and to what extent one depends upon the other. Because society converts time into a fixed entity of measurement for practicality's sake, one of the attempts of this novella is to foreground the ambiguity of time so as to illustrate that the confinements that society has placed upon it are not characteristics of time itself. Upon establishing the indefinite nature of time, the text then ponders what becomes of our notion of identity if we are not permitted to think in terms of past, present, and future. In attempt to investigate these concepts, the novella's story is not presented along a standard linear timeline. Instead, each part is told as if it were the present so that none can be definitely identified as being before or after another. Additionally, in order to further explore the nature of identity in this setting, the protagonist experiences each part of the story as a different organism that possesses " memories " of other such experiences but in no particular chronological order. I believe this project is the culmination of my experience as a Modern Languages and Literatures student because it not only demonstrates a capacity to express myself in another language without compromising my ability to explore complex and creative concepts, but also symbolizes through its plot a recognition of other types of people and their ways of living, using the cross-cultural medium of literature. Contenta, dejo de esconder y me busco otra cosa de interés cuando de pronto detecto con


Food insecurity (FI) is detrimental for children in several developmental domains, but there are almost no empirical data explaining why and how this occurs. Alternations in child daily activities may be an important mechanism linking child FI with its developmental consequences. We aimed to investigate the association of child FI with three sets of outcomes: participation in daily activities, schooling, and stunting in children, and to compare the associations of child and mother reports of FI with these outcomes. We collected cross‐sectional data from 131 mother‐child pairs in Miranda State, Venezuela on FI, daily activities, schooling, and anthropometric measurements. FI items reported by mothers and children were used to create one mother and two child scales, each with reliability of 0.74. FI reported by children was significantly associated with higher work activities (i.e., raising food crops, food shopping, doing home passive chores, cooking at home, and taking care of siblings), greater television watching and napping, and higher rates of school absenteeism and stunting. In contrast, FI reported by mothers was not associated with any of the child outcomes. These findings demonstrate that child experiences of and responses to FI alter daily activities in ways that are likely detrimental to their development, interfere with schooling, and place children at nutritional risk as exhibited by stunting.


. The objective of the research is to explore the predictability of water resources directly with GCMs by analysing long-term e ff ects of climate change on Northern Tunisia's blue and green water. Hydrologic impacts rely on a rainfall-runo ff lumped model using outputs of CMIP6 GCMs within the framework of the ssp2-45 scenario. Among the 30 CMIP6 models, the composite cnrm-esm2-1 and fgoals-g3 best restore observed runo ff from 1995 to 2014 and give the best GCM. Hydrologic projections 2015–2100 show significant drops in rainfall (9%), runo ff (21%), groundwater recharge (15%), as well as for green water (6%). The results show that the use of raw GCMs predictions on large basins is possible and provides precisions comparable to what is produced when using Regional Climate Models in medium size basins.


To determine teachers' perceptions regarding the nature and extent of aggression in settings where behaviorally disordered students are served, and to determine strategies utilized in dealing with aggressive students, a questionnaire was disseminated to 311 Florida public school special education teachers of behaviorally disordered students; 57% (178) responded. Additionally, during a 5-day school week, 75 of these teachers maintained inclassroom frequency counts of aggressive incidents in five categories. Results indicate that a variety of student verbal and physical aggressive behaviors are commonly manifested in settings where behaviorally disordered students are served. A diversity of strategies for coping with aggressive outbursts are utilized by responding teachers; however, a narrower range of administrative interventions are noted. Aggression in settings where behaviorally disordered students are served is verified and the need for additional research and teacher support is noted.


A 75-year-old man visited our institution for gross haematuria. His past medical and family histories were unremarkable and the physical examination was not contributory. The urine analysis revealed numerous red blood cells without dysmorphic changes and urine cytology showed negative finding for malignancy. The laboratory tests revealed haemoglobin 12.6 g/dL, haematocrit 37.4%, white blood cell count 6770/mm 3 , platelet count 193 000/ mm 3 , blood urea nitrogen 21 mg/dL, creatinine 0.85 mg/dL and prostate-specific antigen (total form; normal range < 4.0 ng/mL) 0.784 ng/mL. Coagulation profiles were within normal range. Ultrasonography demonstrated no evidence of definite mass or hydronephrosis in the renal hilum (Fig. 1a). In contrast to the normal ultrasonographic findings, i.v. urography obtained 30 min after contrast media injection showed irregular filling defect in the left renal pelvis. There was no pelvocaliceal dilatation of the left kidney or delayed opacification of the left ureter. Computed tomography image obtained at the level of renal pelvis 3 min after contrast media injection revealed soft tissue mass filling the left renal pelvis (Fig. 1b). A left nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision was done and the removed tumour was diagnosed as papillary urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation. In this case, although the ultrasonography of the left kidney demonstrated no evidence of definite mass or hydronephrosis in the left renal hilum, i.v. urography and CT revealed irregular filling defect and soft tissue mass in the left renal pelvis, respectively. Ultrasonography is usually the first and non-invasive modality used in evaluating haematuria. However, at times, ultrasonography may miss renal mass as in this case. The major causes of haematuria vary in relation to the presenting age of patients. The major causes of haematuria in patients over 50 years old are malignancy, benign prostatic hyperplasia, renal stones and intrinsic glomerular disease. Therefore, in this case, although his ultrasonographic findings were normal, we investigated further to define the cause of his gross haematuria, because the patient was in quite advanced age. It will be noteworthy that we should be aware of the seriousness of the case when we are dealing with older patients presenting with haematuria, particularly when the ultrasonography is normal, and investigate thoroughly until the reason for the haematuria is fully explained.


This article covers two central chapters from a three book series "Basis of psychological anthropology". The approach focuses on the development of subjective reality of an individual. Selected chapters are from the second book "Psychology of human development". The first part of the text focuses on the analysis of the basic paradigms and scientific approaches to the psychology of development. The authors aim at an anthropological paradigm and subject-related approach in their analyses. A special focus is description of the principle of development in psychology. The second part constructs a model of subjective reality and its development in an individual's life. The analysis results in a model of integral periodic development of subjective reality in individual life trajectory. This model is presented in earlier issues of this journal.


They are not, in fact, living organisms at all, but "haematite concretions"—small sphere-shaped pieces of the mineral haematite, and their exact origin is still debated by scientists. Haematite is a compound of iron and oxygen and is commercially important on Earth. The spherical rocks on Mars may have been created by the gradual accumulation of the material in slowly evaporating liquid water environments. They could also have been produced by volcanic activity.


In psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression and schizophrenia, 5-HT2A receptors play an important role. In order to investigate them in vivo there is an increasing interest in selective and high-affinity radioligands for receptor binding studies using positron emission tomography (PET). Since available radioligands have disadvantages, R91150, which is a selective and high-affinity ligand for 5-HT2A receptors, was labelled with fluorine-18. This was accomplished in six steps via 4-[18F]fluorophenol and 1-(3-bromopropoxy)-4-[18F]fluorobenzene within 190 min starting from no-carrier-added [18F]fluoride. The overall radiochemical yield was 3.8±2% and the specific activity was at least 335 GBq/µmol at the end of the synthesis. First ex vivo studies in mice proved the uptake of [18F]R91150 in the brain. Radiometabolite studies revealed no radiometabolites in the brain, whereas in the plasma at least two could be detected 30 min p.i. Further preclinical studies are encouraged to evaluate the potential of this new 5-HT2A ligand as a radiotracer for PET. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of exposure to a balanced electrolyte solution (BES), or equine abdominal fat on the knot-holding capacity (KHC), relative knot security (RKS), weight, and volume of forwarder knots versus surgeon's knots.

SAMPLE
315 knots tied and tested in vitro.

PROCEDURES
United States Pharmacopeia size-3 polyglactin 910 suture exposed to air (dry [control]), equine abdominal fat (fat-exposed), or BES (BES-exposed) was used to tie forwarder knots with 2, 3, and 4 throws and surgeon's knots with 5, 6, 7, and 8 throws. A universal materials testing machine was used to test the tensile strength of suture and knots to failure, and the KHC, RKS, weight, and volume of knots were determined.

RESULTS
Forwarder knots had significantly higher KHC and RKS and lower volume, compared with surgeons' knots. Forwarder knots tied with fat-exposed suture had greater weight, but not volume, than did forwarder knots tied with dry or BES-exposed suture with the same number of throws.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Results indicated that forwarder knots were superior to surgeon's knots when configured as start knots intended for continuous lines of suture. Exposure to media did not negatively affect mechanical or physical properties of forwarder knots and may improve specific biomechanical functions, including KHC and RKS.


Publisher Summary Delamination and interfacial fracture are dominant failure mechanisms of laminated composites and multilayered systems. They might occur as localized or diffuse events and are often in the presence of non-linear crack face mechanisms, which include bridging by fibers and through-thickness reinforcements, contact and friction. The nonlinear mechanisms typically develop along extended regions of the crack surfaces so that delamination becomes a large scale bridging problem that cannot be described by Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics or characterized by a single fracture parameter. In addition, they introduce characteristic length and time scales that control the fracture characteristics and govern the transitions in the mechanical response and modes of failure. Fracture processes in brittle-matrix composites and quasi-brittle materials are always associated with the formation of a very narrow band, or process zone, where non-linear deformation occurs. The non-linear mechanisms, which include the formation, coalescing and branching of microcracks, crazing, debonding, yielding, sliding and pulling-out of the reinforcing phases and frictional contact, can dissipate a considerable amount of energy so that additional external work is required for sustained growth of the macrocrack. As a consequence, the intrinsic fracture toughness of the material is increased.


The role of the anaesthesiologist, nowadays, is not just limited to patient care in the operating room but also plays a key role in the ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) protocol, including management of perioperative analgesia, infusion therapy, nutrition and efficient rehabilitation in order to obtain the shortest hospital ization with the lowest rate of adverse complications for patients undergoing surgery.


The aim of this study is to analyze the risk transfer mechanism between stock market and exchange rate volatilities by using asymmetric causality method by using daily data of BIST100 Index, US Dollar and VIX Index for the period of 02.01.2009-12.11.2018. The existence of risk transfer in the identified variables is investigated with the asymmetric causality approach of Hatemi-J (2012). The findings show evidence for asymmetric causality in risk transfer. Accordingly, from positive volatility of VIX to negative volatility of BIST100; the causality relationship is determined from the positive volatility of US Dollar to both the positive and negative volatility of BIST100 and from the negative volatility of BIST100 to the negative volatility of US Dollar.


A total of six hundred and eighty (680) cases of dogs visiting the Abia state veterinary clinic were examined to investigate the influence of age, breed, sex, and season on the prevalence of gastro intestinal helminth parasites (GIHP) of dogs from 2007-2012. It was observed from the results that out of six hundred and eighty (680) cases recorded, the prevalence of GIHP were. Ancylostoma 217 (31.9%) Toxocara 81, (11.9%) tape worm 36 (5.2%). The age of the dogs significantly influenced the occurrence of Ancylostoma infections and Toxocara infections (p 0.05) while the influence of breed on the occurrence of ancylostomosis in local breeds was significant (p<0.05).


This study was undertaken to investigate comparative anti-tumor activity of water extracts of Phellinus gilvus (PGE), Phellinus linteus (PLE), and Phellinus baumii (PBE) in vitro. The anti-tumor activity in the present study was evaluated by sulforhodamine B (SRB) and microtetrazolium (MTT) assay in terms of cell survival level. The tumor cells (sarcoma 180 and P388) were treated with PGE, PLE, and PBE (7.5, 15, and 30 mg/ml) and Doxorubicin (DOX) (0.001~10 mM). The results showed that DOX, PGE, and PLE inhibited proliferation showing a dose-dependent manner against both tumor cells. However, PBE was inhibited by the only 30 mg/ml in both cells proliferation. In conclusion, all of PGE, PLE, and PBE used in this study have shown anti-tumor activity against both sarcoma 180 and P388. Among them, PLE was the most effective in anti-tumor activity against sarcoma 180 (p<0.05) and PGE was against P388 in SRB assay. PLE, however, was against P388 (p<0.05) in MTT assay.


The algorithm of dynamic scanning is proposed to resolve the problem of dynamic displaying of text and bitmap in the same window. The principle of this algorithm is introduced and the code to realize the algorithm is compiled by means of VC++6.0.


Results are shown of the census of Wildfowl and
Waders carried out in January 1996 in the islands of Formentera, Eivissa and
Mallorca, in 35 different localities. Up to 12.959 birds were counted, belonging
to 58 species, what constitutes a record in number of species in relation to previous
years.


ABSTRACT This paper summarised the microstructural and crystallographic features of hydrogen-related fracture under tensile deformation in martensitic steels. The specimens with relatively low strength exhibited quasi-cleavage fracture. Crystallographic orientation analysis demonstrated that the quasi-cleavage fracture occurred on {011} planes. On the other hand, the macroscopic fracture surface morphologies of the specimens with relatively high strength appeared to be intergranular-like. However, nature of the fracture was somewhat different from a typical intergranular fracture, and the fracture surfaces consisted of facets parallel to {011} planes on a microscopic level. Based on the experimental results, we concluded that the crystallographic feature of {011} plane itself had an important role on the hydrogen-related fracture. This paper is part of a thematic issue on Hydrogen in Metallic Alloys


A petrographic examination was made of approximately 450 thin sections prepared from the Spraberry formation of the Midland basin, West Texas, and, from the examination, a genetic sequence has been developed. This sequence is divided into two major stages and several substages. Later processes, occurring during the epigenetic stage, were the most important in the development of the section into an economic reservoir. The Spraberry formation is traced throughout the Midland basin and divided into two units, the upper and lower. Isopach, clastic ratio, sand-isopach, and texture maps have been constructed to show the changes of the sedimentary attributes throughout the Midland basin and interpret the depositional history of the rocks. The Midland basin was a restricted intracratonic basin during Spraberry time. All the data indicate a source of sediments on the north or northwest. South of the major area of production the sand and silt were too poorly developed to form favorable reservoirs. On the north, not enough favorable shale was deposited for the formation of large volumes of petroleum.


We study the ground-state phase diagram and dynamics of the one-dimensional cluster model with several competing interactions. Paying particular attention to the relation between the entanglement spectrum (ES) and the bulk topological (winding) number, we first map out the ground-state phases of the model and determine the universality classes of the transitions from the exact solution. We then investigate the dynamical properties during interaction sweeps through the critical points of topological phase transitions. When the sweep speed is slow, the correlation functions and the entanglement entropy exhibit spatially periodic structures. On top of this, the levels in the ES oscillate temporally during the dynamics. By explicitly calculating the above quantities for excited states, we attribute these behaviors to the Bogoliubov quasiparticles generated near the critical points. We also show that the ES reflects the strength of the Majorana correlation even for the excited states.


The Vietnam War is evolving from contemporary memory into history. Fifty years on, it still serves as a benchmark in the history of war reporting and in the representation of conflict in popular culture and historical memory. However, as contemporary culture tries to come to terms with the events and their political, psychological and cultural implications, the 'real' Vietnam War has been appropriated and changed into a set of mythologies which implicate American and Vietnamese national identities specifically, and ideas of modern conflict more broadly, particularly in shaping the mediation of the twenty-first century 'War on Terror'. This collection of interdisciplinary critical essays explores the cultural legacies of the US involvement in South East Asia, considering this process of 'mythologising' through the lenses of visual media and tracing the war's evolution from contemporary reportage to subsequent interpretation and consumption. It reassesses the role of visual media in covering and remembering the war, its memorialisation, mediation and memory.


The invention relates to a projector and a method for controlling the projector, aims to provide a technology capable of inhibiting the bad statuses caused by projection light adjustment. The brightness of the projection light is adjusted in accordance with the output from an optical sensor before the light source illuminates the a projection surface, wherein the optical sensor is included in an optical system that projects projection light representing an image.


This paper explores how tourism can be understood as an opportunity to develop sustainable enterprise, providing business opportunities while also advancing social and environmental goals. While every country has multiple challenges to manage in the future, we argue that comprehensive planning for sustainable tourism can integrate several policy goals and realize compounded benefits as governments declare their commitment to 'build back better.' The need to plan for sustainable development is especially salient in the wake of the pandemic, and with climate change looming. Using Bangladesh as our case study, we consider how integrated and cross-sectoral planning for tourism could help provide more opportunities for visitors to appreciate the rich resources located there, such as the cultural heritage, and the rare species and mangroves of the Sundarbans, while simultaneously advancing policy goals for social welfare and the environment. We outline opportunities on the horizon, and by drawing on demographic data about the Bangladeshi diaspora, it becomes clear that heritage tourism has potential and merits further study. Finally, targeting the expansion of sustainable livelihoods can strengthen local economies and simultaneously help Bangladesh advance its efforts toward related national goals, including the UN's SDGs (United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals).


A novel approach for time-scale modification (TSM) of speech based on temporal continuous nonnegative matrix factorisation (TCNMF) is presented. First, the magnitude spectrum of the speech is factorised to the nonnegative space and the time-varying gains, and then the TSM problem is transformed into an interpolation problem of the time-varying gains, which leads to a better performance over the traditional methods based on waveform overlap-add. The superiority of the proposed approach is confirmed by the comparative tests against the traditional methods, including OLA, SOLA, WSOLA, and PSOLA.