In performance analysis of computer systems, trace‐driven simulation techniques have the important advantage of credibility and accuracy. Unfortunately, traces are usually difficult to obtain, and little work has been done to provide efficient tools to help in the process of reducing and manipulating them. This paper presents TRAMP, a tool for the data reduction and data analysis phases of trace‐driven simulation studies. TRAMP has three main advantages: it accepts a variety of common trace formats; it provides a programmable user interface in which many actions can be directly specified; and it is easy to extend. TRAMP is particularly helpful for reducing and analysing complex trace data, such as traces of file system or database activity. This paper presents the design principles and implementation techniques of TRAMP and provides a few concrete examples of the use of this tool.


Nitrogen fertilizer recovery by lowland rice can be as low as 10% and rarely exceeds 60%. Azolla contributes to the nitrogen (N) nutrition of rice plant through biological N fixation (BNF). This study aimed at assessing the influence of Azolla pinatta on floodwater chemistry, rice yield, total dry matter and N uptake of rice. The study was carried out at the Dreyer Research Station in South Western Burkina Faso in 2005 using a split urea application method called Experiment 1 (E1) which was compared with what the farmer's practice (E2), which is basal application of NPK (16 16 16) and one top-dress of urea. Four levels of nitrogen was used in the experiments (0, 40, 80, 120 kg N ha -1 ). The full Azolla cover on the floodwater surface by the time of urea application prevented rapid increase in floodwater pH in the range of 0.52 to 0.68. The presence of Azolla lowered floodwater temperature by 1.9 to 2.0 o C. There was a significant increased (p 0.05) between Azolla and nitrogen. It is concluded that Azolla brought about an additive effect and could be an efficient fertilizer alternative or supplement in flooded rice cropping system in Dano.


The possibility of increasing oats yields due to improving the herbicides assortment under the conditions of North-West of Russia has been studied in the article. The application of the preparations makes it possible to reduce oats crops weed infestation at 50.8-70.8% by amount and at 48.9-68.2% by weight, as well as to obtain a reliable grain yield increase at 0.41-1.19 t/ha or 15.3-44.4% as compared with the control. The highest biological effectiveness was observed in the trials with the Magnum herbicide (0.008 kg/ha 70.8%. The highest yield, having been obtained for the period of two years, in the average, was 3.87 t/ha in the trials with the Bazagran preparation. The profitability of applying herbicides under oats was 15.6-24.7%.


Abstract Background In the United States, the most commonly transplanted tissues are bones, tendons, skin, heart valves, vessels and corneas. Over two million tissue grafts are distributed each year.Efforts to advance tissue transplant safety are less defined compared with organ transplant, and continuously being improved and regulated by national agencies. Environmental contamination, postmortem translocation of microorganisms, cross-contamination, and tissue processing are critical components which can be prevented with hand hygiene education thus preventing the transmission of infectious diseases. Microorganisms from technicians' skin can potentially result in infection and nontransplantable tissue. This is particularly true of regenerative tissue, such as Vivigen, that undergo no sterilization process. Methods A review was done of all 2018 ViviGen culture with these organisms: Bacillus, Cornebacterium, Diptheroids, Propionibacterium, Staphylococcus Coagulase negative, and Streptococcus viridians defined as Category 1. Results In 2018, 384 out of 1418 ViviGen donors were discarded due to positive cultures. Of the 384, 190 were due the presence of a Cat. 1 microorganism in post-processing cultures, for a discard rate of 17.6%. In these donors, preprocessing cultures were initially negative, thus indicating contamination was due to technician contamination. In the first quarter of 2019, and since implementation of Hand Hygiene education, we have already start to see a decline in acquisition of Cat 1 organism for a total reduction of 6% from Q1 of 2018 compared with 2019. Conclusion Tissue banking is a complex process of many steps to assure quality and safety of the tissue. Contamination is critical even when the microorganisms are considered low-virulent skin flora (i.e., Cat 1). This is especially important if these Cat 1 organisms are found in Post-processing cultures of grafts not terminally irradiated or sterilized. Implementation of proper hand hygiene education and aseptic techniques among tissue recovery and processing staff can significantly reduce the bioburden. Furthermore, a reduction in bioburden equates to higher likelihood in honoring the gift of donation in this selfless act of the donor and their loved one while also decreasing the financial loss due to culture results. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.


Human norovirus (HuNoV) is a highly contagious pathogenic virus that is transmitted through contaminated food, water, high-touch surfaces and aerosols. Globally, there are an estimated 685 million infections annually due to norovirus, among them 200 million children under the age of 5, causing approximately 50,000 child deaths per year and costing an estimated $60 billion annually in healthcare. In the USA, HuNoV is responsible for 19-21 million illnesses, with an average of 570-800 deaths per year. HuNoV is especially pernicious because it requires less than 100 viral particles to cause an infection, and there are few effective disinfectants. It is believed that Ultraviolet Subtype C (UVC) irradiation might prove to be an effective disinfectant. This study seeks to determine the inactivation profile of UVC against norovirus using a Klaran UVC Light-emitting diode (LED) array product number KL265-50V-SM-WD, emitting radiation at 269 nm peak wavelength and a measured fluence of 1.25 mW/cm2 at a 7 cm source-surface distance. Since the HuNoV cannot currently be propagated in cell cultures, the study utilized feline calicivirus (FCV), a recommended surrogate as challenge organism. The test followed Modified ASTM E2197. Assessment of virus inactivation was performed using plaque assay method, with Crystal Violet as a staining agent to enhance plaque visualization. Within 18 seconds of exposure time at a UVC irradiance of 1.25mW/cm2 and a dose of 22.5 mJ/cm2, the study obtained 99.9 % virus reduction (3 log reduction value). These results demonstrate that Klaran UVC-LED array (KL265-50V-SM-WD) can provide effective inactivation of HuNoV.


Recent research shows that listeners can locate a specific f0 within a speaker's individual range without prior experience with the speaker's voice [Honorof and Whalen, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 117, 2193–2200 (2005)], suggesting that perhaps some acoustic parameters co‐vary with f0 range and are available to listeners. Here we tested Honorof and Whalen's hypothesis that this information lies in voice quality. English‐ and Mandarin‐speaking listeners heard brief, steady‐state /ɑ/ tokens from various locations throughout the f0 ranges of ten English and ten Mandarin voices and were asked to identify where in the speaker's pitch range a given token came from. To test for listeners' use of voice quality in the task, we compared mixed effect linear models of responses that included three acoustic measures of the stimuli associated with voice quality: H1‐H2, H2‐H4, and cepstral peak prominence. Preliminary findings show (1) each of the voice quality measures contributed significantly to the models, although they acc...


Susan Eastman's recent contribution to scholarship on Paul's anthropology is a welcome example of authentic interdisciplinarity. The book highlights core themes in recent work from the cognitive sciences and shows how these themes might guide readings of the Pauline corpus. At the same time, there are useful warnings about confusing the aims of the sciences of the person with the anthropological aims that motivate theological interpretations of sacred texts. In this review article I explore Eastman's emphasis on the Pauline project's grounding of personhood in categories of spiritually-morally formational-relational constitution; I highlight difficulties with the current status of mirror neuron theory and of imitation in early childhood development and emphasize the importance of primary literature for interdisciplinary scholarship in religious studies and theology.


Online shopping is the process where one's can buy different kinds of products or services in the Internet in real time. In this work we have proposed a new online shopping platform that helps the user to buy or sell the products. Alpha Gadget is a platform where you can buy first and second-hand products as well as you can sell them, also there are seller and consumer policies that protect the rights of buyer and seller. There are many options and features that help both seller and buyer to expand their area of interests. There is a user-friendly dashboard that helps the user to understand the overall process of generation of leads of the product that they are selling.


Reef fish have a high economic value.  Excessive fishing causes degradation of reef fish resources, as has occurred in the West Sumatera waters. Marine protected areas (MPA) offer one of the better management strategies in support of the restoration of the overexploited fish resources by protecting fish habitat and limiting exploitation. This study aims to analyze the impacts of the establishment of MPA on reef fish resources in its adjacent areas. The research was carried out in Pieh MPA and its adjacent areas located in the West Sumatra waters. Fishing experiments were conducted inside the core zone of the MPA and the catch was compared to similar experiments outside MPA. The result showed that the catch per unit effort (CPUE) of reef fishes in the core zone of MPA was 2.47 times higher than that of in the outside of MPA. However, the size composition was not significantly different between those two areas, except for Lutjanus russellii, which shows that the maximum length inside MPA was about 2.5 times higher.  The length and weight of Epinephelus areolatus were analyzed to determine the biological condition of the grouper caught in both areas. The length-weight analysis shows that 86.67% of E. areolatus were matured. Nevertheless, the length of maturity in the MPA is smaller, indicating there is the impact of epreviously fishing pressure on E. areolatus. Research results showed that the MPA is double in fish abundance.


763 An 1‐month‐old baby without any perinatal insult presented with left focal seizures since day 12 of life. He had multiple seizures daily. He had a seizure just before undergoing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which was suggestive of post‐ictal oedema versus hemimegalencephaly [Figure 1a‐d] with arterial spin labelling (ASL) perfusion showing hyperperfusion in the right cerebral hemisphere [Figure 1i and j]. His repeat MRI at 3 months [Figure 1e–h] showed hemimegalncephaly with ASL showing hypoperfusion in the right cerebral hemisphere [Figure 1k and l]. He did not have a seizure prior to MRI this time. ASL changes helped in identification of epileptic focus.


[Objective] The experiment was conducted to study the tissue specific expression of HIF-1α gene in Qinghai domestic yak.[Method] Tissue specific expression of HIF-1α gene in Qinghai domestic yak was detected using the methods of Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Real Time RT-PCR.RNA was extracted from different tissues.After treated with DNase I,the total RNA was reverse transcribed with random primer to synthesize cDNA.Then the HIF-1α gene and β-actin gene were amplified with specific primers by RT-PCR and Real Time RT-PCR.[Result] Result showed that HIF-1α gene was expressed in tissues including heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney,brain,muscle and testis.Among them,HIF-1α gene showed the highest expression amount in testis and spleen and lowest in muscle.[Conclusion] This study was of significant importance for the study on the molecular mechanism of HIF-1α in plateau native animals during the process of hypoxia adaptation.


Physical training is the core of fire forces to improve combat power. Based on the reality of the fire forces physical training, problems during the training process are identified and related countermeasures for scientific training are discussed though this article. Research methods, such as document literature, surveys and questionnaires, are used in the article and it aims to provide the theoretical reference of physical training for commanders at primary level.


This book, a compendium of papers presented at an international symposium supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the Population Council, presents a synthesis of modern knowledge regarding the role of the cervix in reproduction and emphasizes areas that require future investigation. Thirty authors have contributed 24 chapters. Major topics considered are embryology, anatomy, and histology of the cervix; biochemical and biophysical studies of cervical tissues and secretions; and the effects of fertility, pregnancy, and contraception on the cervix. Blandau has contributed an important and intriguing chapter on sperm transport through the mammalian cervix and Moghissi has complemented this with a chapter on sperm migration through the human cervix. The chapter on the effects of oral contraceptives on the cervix is of practical importance and clarifies much of the misleading data published during the past decade. Biodynamics of the cervix during pregnancy and labor is


Academic, government, employer, and individual interest in personal financial literacy have mushroomed as financial decision making has become more complex, costly, and less paternalistic. Financial illiteracy in America manifests in many ways, including low levels of personal saving, high levels of personal debt, negative financial wealth, a decline in standard of living, and increased demand on social safety networks. For college students, of particular concern is the high level of public and private debt accrued while working toward a degree. It is important to understand how prepared households are for retirement planning decisions and which factors can improve their preparedness. We show that financial education is impactful in reducing financial illiteracy, and provides evidence that taking a personal risk management and insurance course helps to prepare college students to make retirement decisions. Second, we provide evidence that life stage explains differences (similarities) in how professionals self-rate the importance, familiarity, and motivation to plan and save for retirement versus their opinion on how vital the questions should be to students. Finally, additional evidence is provided showing that demographic characteristics explain differences in the importance and motivation to plan and save for retirement and in the familiarity that respondents have with retirement planning and saving products.


The 'Exchange Rate Pass-through' has been construed as the impact of exchange rate changes on trade or the ratio of comparative change of export/import to comparative foreign exchange rate, of which application has, therefore, been restricted to trade. Even though some researchers have, recently, started to study the ERPT in various price system such as PPI, CPI and GNP deflator, we should admit that many researchers still focus on the impact of exchange rate change on a few certain economic index and trade. In order to improve the application of the ERPT as in classical meaning, the impact of exchange rate change, transferred to stock price via export and operating income in this dissertation, was verified and consecutively defined as 'augmented ERPT chain'. According to the definition of augmented ERPT chain in the dissertation, exchange rate change can be passed to stock price in traditional 'balance of trade' standpoint, when all forward direction direct ERPTs in considerations show the positive sign. To examine the augmented ERPT chain of Korea manufacturing industries in traditional balance of trade approach, vector error correction model, as a full information method, was employed and the ERPT sensitivities of time series data in the model were estimated by cumulative impulse response function. The directions and coefficients from long-term equilibrium equation (cointegration equation) supported the validities of calculated ERPT sensitivities in augmented ERPT chain. According to the analysis, leading edge technologies and basic material industries could effectively transfer the impact of exchange rate change to stock price through export and operating income in traditional balance of trade standpoint. The meaning of the dissertation can be found from the creative addition of augmented ERPT concept and practice to the established exchange rate determination theory of traditional approach, which is to econometrically, not descriptively, explain the pass-through chain from the exchange rate to the stock price via export and operating income.


CANCER of the penis usually attacks the anterior part of the organ, the prepuce being in the contracted state called phymosis. It may assume the characters of epithelioma, or appear as a hard knot, which has been, in some instances, mistaken for a chancre. But general cancerous infiltration of the penis is, according to my experience, so rare, that I venture to bring the following case before the attention of the Society.


Within the past year, dinitrophenol has been used extensively as a means of reducing weight. However, its possible harmful effects have not been realized sufficiently until very recently. In papers by Anderson, Reed and Emerson, 1 Geiger, 2 Poole and Haining, 3 and Tainter and Wood, 4 fatal results from the use of dinitrophenol have been reported. In all probability, a great many more poisonings and fatalities have occurred, since many druggists are dispensing dinitrophenol without a physician's prescription, under both the name of dinitrophenol and various proprietary names. A case of toxic hepatitis with intense jaundice following the use of dinitrophenol is here reported. REPORT OF CASE B. R., a white woman, unmarried, aged 26, had used various reducing diets because she weighed too much for her stature (58 inches, 145 cm.). The past history and family history were essentially negative. The patient began taking dinitrophenol, Feb. 18, 1934,


We introduce a new method for the formation of the J matrix (Coulomb interaction matrix) within a basis of Cartesian Gaussian functions, as needed in density functional theory and Hartree–Fock calculations. By summing the density matrix into the underlying Gaussian integral formulas, we have developed a J matrix ''engine'' which forms the exact J matrix without explicitly forming the full set of two electron integral intermediates. Several precomputable quantities have been identified, substantially reducing the number of floating point operations and memory accesses needed in a J matrix calculation. Initial timings indicate a speedup of greater than four times for the (pp‖pp) class of integrals with speedups increasing to over ten times for (ff‖ff ) integrals.


This chapter considers miscellaneous legal rights given to employees in the Employment Rights Act 1996 and other legislation. These are minimum standards which can be exceeded by agreement or negotiation, but they cannot be denied to an employee. The discussions cover guarantee payments (ERA, ss 28–35); suspension on medical grounds (ERA, ss 64–65) and time off work for various reasons, such as for public duties, study, or training, and for occupational pension scheme trustees. It also covers statutory sick pay; and the scheme surrounding the Working Time Regulations 1998, employment law, and looks at the provisions of the regulations and their enforcement.


Six sigma management is an innovative approach of breakthrough quality management in order to reduce the variation. The process capability analysis is one of the methods to analyze the effect of variation on the process. The deviation of the mean from the target value and the variance for specific sigma level in six sigma management can be used to measure the process capability indices. In this paper, the level of six sigma management will be linked with the process capability indices when the target value is not on the center within the specification. The managers can measure managerial performance of six sigma management.


Sport is at once both trivial and serious, inconsequential yet of symbolic significance … Sport in many cases informs and refuels the popular memory of communities, and offers a source of collective identification and community expression for those who follow teams and individuals. (Sugden and Tomlinson, 1994: 3) … where Il Sole was available most of the prisoners, including politicals, read La Gazzetta dello Sport . (Observations made while in prison in Milan by Antonio Gramsci, in Forgacs, 1988: 376) Introduction Without question one of the great passions of the twentieth century has been sport. The opening decade of the twenty-first century suggests that this passion remains unabated. Sport continues to matter to thousands of players and fans across the globe, with differing sports playing a particularly important role in the cultural life of countries and people. While football is the global game, other sports such as baseball occupy a central position in American popular culture, cricket and Aussie Rules in Australian life, Gaelic games in Ireland, cricket and basketball in Caribbean culture, while rugby union is important in constructions of Welsh and New Zealand national identities.


From base cleaning,mixing and spreading,primary shaping and other aspects construction process of cement stabilized macadam is introduced.Key points for construction control are discussed.In the end the advantage of cement stabilized macadam are summarized,which is convenient in construction with good integrity and low cost.


The problems of recognition, usual / occasional use, and the functioning of connotonyms are prioritized in modern onomastics. Insufficient knowledge of the connotative sphere of onymic units, determination of the participation of interlingual – intralingual connotonyms in the formation of the national picture of the world in the Ukrainian-language public text predetermines the relevance of the study.


The effects of hydration on the structure and dynamics of DNA oligomers and small proteins have been studied. The hydration of small biomolecules was studied by means of molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations that explicitly include the water-electrolyte solvent. From these simulations and from simulations of pure water and simple solutes in water, a potential of mean force (PMF) was constructed. This PMF approach was used to describe equilibrium hydration patterns around any biomolecule without the need to do extensive simulations. The effect of water on the dynamics of biological macromolecules is understood by combined theoretical and experimental studies. Methodologies that involve the use of molecular dynamics simulations and theoretical approaches to interpret multi-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and x-ray diffraction data have been developed.


A class of singularly perturbed elliptic equation boundary value problems with a turning point in n-dimensional space is considered. Through considering the necessary and sufficient condition at resonance,the asymptotic behaviors of the solutions for the boundary value problem of elliptic equation are obtained.


Impounded animals that were once pets are used for research and education purposes throughout the nation. Many states have pound seizure laws that allow institutions to demand pound animals for research and education purposes. This Article outlines the history of these contentious laws, examines the arguments for and against pound seizure, and proposes a compromise allowing the limited use of pound animals under certain regulated conditions.


High performance composites are currently being used in the marine, automotive, aerospace and defense industries. These industries demand materials with properties that are similar or better than conventional metals at a fraction of the weight. The development of nanoparticle reinforced composites is presently one of the most explored areas in materials science and engineering. The exceptional properties of nanoparticles have made them a focus of widespread research. By combining nanoparticles with traditional reinforcement materials, multiscale composites can be produced with superior properties to that of regular composites. This research focuses on the development of multiscale reinforcement composites, through the use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), IM7 and T800 carbon fibers and SC-79 epoxy resin. Vacuum assisted resin transfer molding and hand lay-up/ vacuum bagging processes were evaluated for the manufacturing of multiscale composites. Results from this research showed that the use of carbon nanotubes can increase the tensile strength by up to 27% and toughness by up to 38%, with the addition of 2.5wt% multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). However there were no significant changes in the flexural properties with the addition of carbon nanotubes. Analysis of the fracture surfaces, using scanning electron microscopy showed that there was good dispersion of the carbon nanotubes through out the matrix material. The good dispersion of tubes aided in toughening the SC-79 epoxy resin. This toughening effect was evident though the change in crack propagation patterns on the fracture surface. There was also evidence of the nanotubes bridging cracks and holding resin particles together, which also lead to increased fracture toughness.


The aim of this research is to study the knowledge of Christian world from Mani and his religion. Manichaeism has been one of the most important issues of writing refutation amongst Christian discoursers and those refutations had been the sources for modern studies about Manichaeism for years. This issue not only rises from the lack of primary sources but also had a discursive side. From the primary Christian discoursers' point of view, Manichaeism have "Other" function, the "Other" which should be boycotted in order to determine the border between the Christianity and nonChristianity. This tradition of making other had influenced the modern Manichaeism studies and the relation of Manichaeism with Christianity, Iranian thought and even Gnosis had been interpreted under this influence for many years. Discovery and publication of Manichaeism primary sources had disproved old speculations. New evidences show that Manichaeism contrary to what had been introduced before had alliance with Christianity. In fact, Mani maintained an authentic narration of Christianity and it eminent that Manichaeism emerged in the period that there is no ecclesiastical official narration of Christianity that had presented by Christian discoursers yet. This study show that Manichaeism as a new religion, had root in Christian tradition and contrary to conventional conceptions, it can not be assigned as an Iranian religion.


ED FROM Stone M, Laughren T, Jones ML, et al. Risk f suicidality in clinical trials of antidepressants in adults: analysis of proprietary data submitted to US Food and Drug Administration. BMJ 2009;339:b2880. Correspondence to: Marc Stone, Department of Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20993–0002, USA; firstname.lastname@example.com Source of funding: This research received no specifi c grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profi t sectors. ▶ Additional notes are published online only at http://ebmh/bmj.com/content/vol13/ issue2 Review: antidepressants associated with increased risk of suicidality in adults aged less than 25 years


The condition for successful application at the local level of control of industrial controllers and programmable logic controllers is the presence of integrated software for automatic tuning of the parameters of the control algorithm. The dynamic properties of an object are most often determined by the results of an active experiment directly on the object through an identification procedure based on pre-processed data.
The main technologies of time series filtering are analyzed and the system of indicators for their comparison is selected. A series of simulation experiments to obtain overclocking characteristics with different degrees of addition of additive barriers to entry and exit are planned and conducted. Simple engineering algorithms of exponential, median, moving average simple and weighted and other window filters are investigated for the efficiency of smoothing in the mode of off-line and on-line processing of the obtained data on the indicators of relative root mean square and integral mean deviation from the baseline. methods.
Based on the results of the research, conclusions are drawn about the real effectiveness of on-line filtering, recommendations for their practical use on the hardware platforms of local controls and the low level of smoothing of off-line methods in a limited experimental sample. The directions of further researches in the direction of application of more difficult filtering algorithms for signals with a high level of interference are established.


Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) based on lithographically patterned waveguides provide a scalable approach for manipulating photonic bits, enabling seminal demonstrations of a wide range of photonic technologies with desired complexity and stability. While the next generation of applications such as ultra-high speed optical transceivers, neuromorphic computing and terabit-scale communications demand further lower power consumption and higher operating frequency. Complementing the leading silicon-based material platforms, the third-generation semiconductor, silicon carbide (SiC), offers a significant opportunity toward the advanced development of PICs in terms of its broadest range of functionalities, including wide bandgap, high optical nonlinearities, high refractive index, controllable artificial spin defects and complementary metal oxide semiconductor-compatible fabrication process. The superior properties of SiC have enabled a plethora of nano-photonic explorations, such as waveguides, micro-cavities, nonlinear frequency converters and optically-active spin defects. This remarkable progress has prompted the rapid development of advanced SiC PICs for both classical and quantum applications. Here, we provide an overview of SiC-based integrated photonics, presenting the latest progress on investigating its basic optoelectronic properties, as well as the recent developments in the fabrication of several typical approaches for light confinement structures that form the basic building blocks for low-loss, multi-functional and industry-compatible integrated photonic platform. Moreover, recent works employing SiC as optically-readable spin hosts for quantum information applications are also summarized and highlighted. As a still-developing integrated photonic platform, prospects and challenges of utilizing SiC material platforms in the field of integrated photonics are also discussed.


Cd, Cu and Zn concentrations were determined in muscle, bone, skin, scales and gills of three fish species (Oreochromis aureus, Cyprinus carpio and Clarias lazera) collected from northern Jordan Valley (Wadi ElArab) during March, 2006. Heavy metal concentrations varied significantly depending on the type of the tissue and fish species. Generally, Oreochromis aureus showed the lowest levels of both Cd, and Cu metals in all tissues except gills. The other two fish species, Cyprinus carpio and Clarias lazera, showed less difference in their heavy metal levels but it was a significant difference (P< 0.05). Cd and Cu recorded their lowest levels in muscle and their highest levels in gills. Cyprinus carpio fish species showed high values of Cu metal in all organs, except muscles. Oreochromis aureus accumulated the highest level of Zn in all organs particularly in their skin (432.11+ 152.14 mg/ kg dry wt.). Other studied fish species showed a high values of Zn in their skin, but not as high as that in Oreochromis aureus. The other two fish species showed no significant difference in Zn level between all of their different organs. It was concluded that the level of heavy metals (Cd, Cu and Zn) in muscles of the three fish species were within acceptable limits by FAO standards, except for the Zn concentration in muscles of Oreochromis aureus (70.76+ 31.21 mg/ kg dry wt.) which might be due to the increase of agricultural influx and some other anthropogenic activity in that area. ﺺﺨﻠﻤﻟا ﺔﻠﻴﻘﺛ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﺔﺛﻼﺛ ﺰﻴآﺮﺗ سﺎﻴﻗ ﻢﺗ ) ﻚﻧﺰﻟاو سﺎﺤﻨﻟاو مﻮﻴﻣدﺎﻜﻟا ( ﻲﻓ


The present invention relates to a medicine for curing ischemic necrosis of femur head and aims at curing ischemic necrosis of femur head according to the differential diagnosis theory and treating principle of Chinese medicine through promoting blood circulation to disperse blood clots, clearing and activating channels and collaterals, and strengthening physique and promoting generation of new bone tissue. Unlike operation treatment, pharmacotherapy using the medicine has fast cure effect, no pain and no side effect.


Today, news texts can be created automatically and presented to readers without human participation through technologies and methods such as big data, deep learning, and natural language generation. With this research, we have developed an application that can contribute to the literature regarding The Studies on Robot Journalism Applications with a technology-reductionist perspective. Robot journalism application named Robottan Al Haberi (the English equivalent of the application name is "get the news from the robot") produces news text by placing weather, exchange rates, and earthquake data in certain templates. The news texts, which are produced by placing the data in appropriate spaces on the template and with a maximum length of 280 characters, are automatically shared via the Twitter account @robottanalhaber. The weather information is shared once a day, the exchange rate information is shared three times a day, and the earthquake information is shared instantly. Here, we aim to produce automatic and short news by using the available structured data by placing them in specific news templates suggesting different options or a combination of them for different situations.


A healthy diet and increased physical activity are essential for reducing the prevalence of cardiovascular disease and related deaths, a worldwide public health concern that disproportionately affects Black American communities. Still, Black Americans can face unique challenges meeting dietary and physical activity requirements due to inequities in access and quality of care, environmental and local factors, and difficulties in changing individual health behaviors. Personal informatics and self-tracking tools are one way of increasing awareness of health behaviors to motivate behavior change. However, there are still gaps in knowledge about what encourages different users to engage with personal informatics tools over time, particularly when used in collaborative, community-health settings. This paper contributes a nuanced understanding of fifteen participants' reasons for engaging in an existing community-based health education and behavior change program that combines collaborative self-tracking with culturally relevant content and social engagement to motivate heart-healthy behaviors. We illustrate participants' positive and negative experiences engaging in self-tracking and collaborative tasks during the program. We also discuss how participants envision that integrating technology might support or hinder participant engagement and the work of deploying community-based public health interventions. Finally, we discuss design implications for culturally informed, community-based personal informatics tools that engage Black American's in heart-healthy activities.


Fusarium wilt (FW) in chickpea, caused by major fungal pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris
(Foc) results in10-40% economic losses worldwide. In field condition, several soil borne pathogens produce similar
FW like symptoms in chickpea. Therefore, by visual symptoms, distinguish and diagnosis of FW disease is very
difficult in field. Hence, there is real need of an accurate, rapid and inexpensive diagnosis method for FW. In this study,
we developed hydroxynaphthol blue dye based a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay targeting ef1a
gene sequence for rapid diagnosis of FW in chickpea. The reaction was optimized using minimum 10 fg of Focg DNA
at 63°C for 60 min. The characteristic sky blue colour and ladder like band in agarose gel of the final LAMP products
indicated the positive reaction. This LAMP based tool will be very helpful to rapid diagnosis and monitoring the
chickpea FW in the field.


Pregnant hay-fed beef cows confined in an insulated, forced-air ventilated barn (In) and those in an open yard with access to a log barn (In–Out), gained weight from autumn to late winter (273 and 257 g/day for In and In–Out, respectively), compared with those out-of-doors with only a windbreak shelter (Out), which lost weight (−31 g/day) (P < 0.05), when all groups were adjusted by co-variance to the mean digestible energy (DE) intake for hay-fed cows. For grass silage-fed cows, the In groups gained 196 g/day, more (P < 0.05) than the In–Out (132 g/day), and In, and In–Out groups gained more (P < 0.05) than Out cows (−185 g/day) when all groups were adjusted to the mean DE intake for silage-fed groups. Estimated daily DE intake required for maternal maintenance and fetal growth for the period covered by this experiment (beginning 238–243 days, ending 59–75 days before parturition) was 3.10, 3.12, and 4.32 Mcal/100 kg initial weight (IW) for hay-fed cows In, In–Out, and Out, respectively, and 2.84, 3.00, ...


Using PMIS(Project Management Information System) plays an important role in systematically planning and effectively managing the complex and large-sized construction projects. In spite of the importance of PMIS, on-site engineers, who are the main users of PMIS, have not used PMIS enthusiastically because PMIS has been evaluated and improved by not the viewpoint of the system users but the viewpoint of system managers and head office manager. Therefore, this study developed an assessment model to evaluate PMIS with the viewpoint of the on-site engineers, so previously developed PMIS can be evaluated by the on-site engineers with importance and satisfaction elements. It is anticipated that the effective use of the developed assessment model might increase the utilization of existing PMIS as well as develop the construction industry.


From the Publisher:
Inside ASP.NET is a comprehensive guide to ASP.NET development using Microsoft's .NET development framework. This book presents information on the .NET framework that is of specific interest to Internet and intranet developers, and is split into the following sections:
Introducing ASP.NET Core ASP.NET ASP.NET and Data Access Advanced Technologies Advanced Web Forms Putting It All Together
Each chapter tackles a specific area of ASP.NET development, first by giving a detailed overview, then presenting a series of code examples and walk-throughs that illustrate various applications of ASP.NET.


Mixture uniform design is used in the optimization of composition of metal oxide anodes coating. According to electrochemical performance of anodes, mathematical model is established, which reveals the relationship of the composition and the performances. Based on the analysis of the empirical model, the best formula has been obtained. The effects of coating material composition on anode performances were discussed.


Introduction MERA Quest Knee System (Quest Knee) is a posterior cruciate ligament–retaining prosthesis considering the anatomical features and lifestyles of the Japanese. As for the anatomical features, we reduced the size of prosthesis and set a smaller interval of sizes because Japanese knees are smaller and flatter than those of Caucasians. As for the lifestyles, we evaluated in vivo patellar tracking during deep knee flexion and the condylar geometry in the axial plane of magnetic resonance imaging. It was found that the patella sank deeply into the intercondylar notch and that the articular surface of the lateral condyle began to curve steeply. We adopted this shape and engraved the lateral condyle deep to reduce the pressure of the patellofemoral joint and to get better range of motion (ROM). For the contact pressure rise in the femorotibial joint by engraving the lateral condyle, the insert was suited to the shape of the femoral component. Furthermore, we increased the thickness of the posterior flange of the femoral component and changed the posterior radius of curvature gradually, and this shape allowed the flexion of 155°. We have used Quest Knee for clinical applications from October 2009. We studied the short-term results of Quest Knee. Methods Between June 2010 and July 2013, the same senior surgeon performed 59 consecutive primary operations with Quest Knee. Forty patients (44 knees) were women, and 14 patients (15 knees) were men. The mean patient age was 72.5 years (range, 59–89 years). All were osteoarthritis knees. Coronal deformity was varus in 58 knees and valgus in one knee. All operations were performed with a measured resection technique, and all patellae were resurfaced. Clinical evaluations were assessed using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association knee rating score (JOA score), and clinical ROM and standing femorotibial angle (FTA) were measured. Additionally, three-dimensional motion analysis of the patellar component during squatting was performed by the image matching method with image correlations. Results The mean follow-up period was 17.4 months (range, 6–43 months). The JOA score at preoperative and follow-up were 57.5 ± 10.1 and 87.5 ± 5.6 points, respectively (P Discussion As for the patellofemoral contact pressure at flexion in total knee arthroplasty, a biomechanical study has reported that the pressures of posterior cruciate ligament–retaining and posterior-stabilized knees were 3.2 and 2.8 times as much as the body weight. This report suggests that the reduction of the pressure of the patellofemoral joint during deep knee flexion results in better ROM. We suppose that Quest Knee reduced the pressure, led the patella to the lateral side, and achieved better ROM. Conclusions Short-term results of Quest Knee were good. More detailed studies are needed to get better function and long-term durability.


The Smart Grid is characterized by a decentralized management and dynamic electric network infrastructures. One of the main requirements for Smart Grid development is large-scale integration of very different power grid actors. The international standard IEC 61850 has been recognized as a solution enabling this integration. Harmonization based on IEC 61850 in the context of Smart Grid does not involve, at this moment, the engineering process. In this paper, the authors propose to harmonize engineering process for Smart Grid environment considering IEC 61850 and OPC UA integration.


Abstract The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of the brief test methodology developed by Howard White for collection evaluation. Using White's methodology, two brief tests in Soviet history were developed and applied to five different libraries. Then, the results of the two tests were examined and compared with each other, with the results of a previous brief test in Russian/Soviet history, and with self-evaluations by a number of the tested libraries. The conclusions strongly support White's claims for the validity of brief test methodology.


Computer models have been an important tool to determine soil bulk density. This soil property is fundamental to estimate soil carbon reserves and consequently to understand the global carbon cycle. The estimation of soil bulk density is not a trivial task since it demands an intensive and often impractical work. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the performance of a pedotransfer function against an Artificial Neural Networks to estimate soil bulk density for soils at Brazilian biomes. The first one consists of a linear model composed of a Least Square method. The latter employs a robust committee of multilayer perceptron networks and a model selection procedure based on k-fold cross-validation. The data are composed of 3404 soil layers distributed in different Brazilian regions and with different uses. The proposed non-linear regressor presents higher precision when compared to the linear model, and requires less information to do so. Additionally, the developed solution brings to light the assumed relationship between soil bulk density and some soil chemical properties.


Sodium fluoride (Na-F) is added to drinking water as a decay preventive ingredient. Lungs are susceptible to oxidative injury because of their constant exposure to air containing toxic fluoride particles. Curcumin exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor and antioxidant properties. To study the toxic effects of Na-F on the lungs and to evaluate the protective role of curcumin, 3 albino rat groups; control, Na-F treated & curcumin protected, were used. Lung tissues were visualized by light and electron microscope. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) & catalase (CAT) activities were determined. Na-F treated group showed collapse of the alveoli with marked thickening of inter-alveolar septa with dilated congested blood vessels, increased collagen deposition. MDA level showed significant increase while erythrocyte SOD and CAT activities showed significant decrease. Curcumin protected group revealed normal shaped alveoli separated by thin inter-alveolar septa with minimal localized cellular infiltration. Moreover, MDA level, SOD and CAT activities drew closer to values of control group.


Old Russian peasant embroidery has long attracted the attention of researchers because of the archaic nature of its motifs. Thanks to the work of Gorodtsov, (1) it has found a stable place among the material sources on the history of old Russian and old Slavic beliefs, and is today regarded as ranking among archeological sources. But the ornamented Russian peasant fabrics of medieval times have, for all practical purposes, not survived, and it is work of the 19th and early 20th century (the so-called embroideries in archaic style) that serves as the main source for studying them. When employing such recent embroideries for the purpose of studying ancient Russian paganism, historians sometimes forget that embroidery (as distinct from archeological materials) remained, for the many centuries since the downfall of paganism in Russia, a component part of the living folk culture and, consequently, could not but undergo significant changes. The work that is essential in the utilization of historical sources — i...


To increase the capacity of the hidden secret information and to provide a stego-image imperceptible for human vision, a novel steganographic approach based on pixel-value differencing is presented .This approach uses the largest difference value between the other three pixels close to the target pixel to estimate how many secret bits will be embedded into the pixel. The theoretical estimation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can provide a superior embedding. Besides, the embedded confidential information can be extracted from stego-images without the assistance of original images.


The comprehensive test of internal magnetic flux density in an industrial FEMS(final electromagnetic stirring) has been carried out in accordance with the actual applied problems of the FEMS.The electromagnetic parameters have been determined through the theoretical analysis optimization of FEMS: 500 A and 13 Hz in continuous stirring,when the center magnetic flux density of stirrer satisfies 119.1 mT,magnetic site force reaches 574.2 N/m3,the max flow rate at the boundary of solid and fluid is 0.163 m/s.The test results show that the center segregation and porosity had been improved by applying FEMS on the caster.


This article is based on a paper by the Chief Executive of the Open College, presented at the London launch of a Quality Handbook at the end of 1987.


This paper depicts the implementation of the Golden Eagle Optimization (GEO) algorithm in tracking the maximum power point of a PV array. The GEO is a nature inspired algorithm that imitates the prey selection and hunting criteria of golden eagles in nature. The mathematical model of a golden eagle's hunting trajectory and attack propensity is used to efficiently find the global optima in partial shading conditions in PV arrays. A MATLAB Simulink model is used to test the performance of the GEO optimization at both uniform irradiance and partial shading conditions. The simulation results were also compared to two other well-known algorithms, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) & Cuckoo Search (CS). In the comparison GEO has shown improved settling time in all of the tested cases. Even though GEO has high initial oscillations, it shows good convergence time and finds the highest power in almost all of the cases.


Ptolemy's mapping of south-east Arabia is examined in the light of the stories of the Azd migrations to Oman and of related archaeological discoveries over the last few years. Some new interpretations of the map are proposed. The possible significance of al-Sisar is discussed in relation to the recent claim, which is disputed, that it was Ptolemy's'Omanum Emporium'.


This report is intended to very briefly assess the status of research into electron cyclotron heating (ECH) and current drive, and to summarize the need for ECH in the compact ignition tokamak (CIT) and engineering tokamak reactor (ETR) devices. It is clear that ECH and current drive experiments need to be performed in the power range between that of present experiments and the power level required for next generation devices. In addition, the DIII-D program of confinement improvement in high beta plasmas can be furthered by the availability of an ECH source compatible in power level with the neutral beam injectors. This report concludes with a discussion of what could be accomplished on DIII-D with a 6 MW ECH source at 120 GHz and how this source might be implemented.


An extremely large amount of payments are made in any modern economy. In Sweden, the turnover in our payment system amounts to around SEK 1,290 billion a day (broken down into securities trading SEK 500 billion, card and credit transfers SEK 30 billion, foreign exchange trading SEK 390 billion, interbank payments SEK 350 billion and cash payments SEK 10 billion). Thus, in around two days the turnover corresponds to the value of the entire Swedish GDP in one year. It is therefore no surprise that we consider it important to examine possible vulnerabilities in the system and how we can reduce them.


The aim of this research is to analyze how the three national news television stations, MetroTV, KompasTV, and TVOne, tend to construct the news reality about Islamic organizations of Islamic Defenders Front in the period 2016-2017. The research method focuses on gathering, analyzing media content (framing studies), and mixing quantitative and qualitative data in one study or series of studies. The main premise is the use of mixed quantitative and qualitative approach, by providing an understanding of better research problems because it uses two approaches at once. The main instrument in this research was the researchers themselves who collected data through websites from three selected television media, in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and carried out relevant documentation studies related to objects of the research such as literature, BlogSpot, internet (online), e- journals, and reports of similar research results that are considered relevant. The results of this research show that the three news television stations studied, there were MetroTV, KompasTV, and TVOne has carried out construction on all the news that entered the newsroom, including news about the Islamic Defenders Front (FPI). Constructivist approaches assess that partiality and certain values cannot be eliminated from media coverage. Ethics, moral choice, and journalist and media alignments are the integral parts of news production. Ethics and morals in many ways mean partiality to one group or partiality to certain values. And it is generally based on certain beliefs as well. In addition, there were framing models that tended to be carried out by MetroTV, KompasTV, and TVOne. The framing model that tends to be carried out by the three news television media also tends to be different. From the models, the message and meaning are different from the audience or television viewers.


This paper describes an acoustic-Stirling oxygen liquefier being built for the U. S. Navy's newest aircraft carrier. It has an intended capacity of 55 or more gallons of Liquid Oxygen per day, or a heat-load equivalent of approximately 1,000 W continuous in the range of 90K to 106K. The design philosophy is explained, and some of the important technical risks are discussed. Data on the full system are not yet available, but some test data on key components are presented.


This contribution to the literature on Hoffmann in Russia is the revision of a Harvard doctoral dissertation originally entitled "E. T. A. Hoffmann in Russia, 1822-1845." The original thesis title is much more descriptive of the character of the work, which is essentially an annotated documentation of the translations from Hoffmann and the critical articles devoted to him in Russia during the years between his death in 1822 and the arbitrary date of 1845. A brief supplementary note (p. 243) is included on work appearing after that date. This twenty-three-year period is divided (p. 12) into four phases: (1) first translations, 1822-29; (2) intense interest in Hoffmann, 1830-35; (3) Hoffmann seen as a serious artist, 1836-40; and (4) declining reputation, 1841-45. (The puzzling division of the thirties into two equal parts by descriptions that are hardly mutually exclusive is somewhat clarified in the corresponding chapters that follow, entitled respectively "The Emergence of Fantasy, 1830-1835" and "Hoffmann Reappraised, 1836— 1840.") An appendix lists complete bibliographies of the Russian translations of Hoffmann and of the critical articles about him appearing in Russia in these years.


Objective To construct the Pichia pastoris expression system of G1 glycoprotein of hantaan virus and Seoul virus.Methods The gene of the Z10 strain and L99 strain were amplified by RT-PCR,which encoded for Glycoproterin G1.Then the RT-PCR products were cloned into the pMD18-T simple vector.After identifing by sequence analysis,the heterologous gene in the recombinant plasmid was cutted by two enzymes and inserted into pPICZαA respectively.After linerized by BstX I enzyme,the recombinant plasmid was transformed into the competent cell of Pichia pastoris-X33,and the multi-copy transformants was screened with Zeocin.Results The Z10 strain RT-PCR product was about 1 937 bp,and the L99 strain RT-PCR product was about 1 991 bp.The sequence of the gene which inserted into the pMD18-T simple vector were compared with the ones reported in Genbank,their similarity was 99.5% and 99.7% respectively.Their target protein's second structure was not changed.After the recombinant plasmid pPICZαA-Z10G1 and pPICZαA-L99G1 were transformed into Pichia pastoris,the recombinant strain Ppx33-Z10G1 and Ppx33-L99G1 were obtained,and their genome could be proved to be correct by PCR.Conclusion The Pichia pastoris expression system of hantavirus G1 glycoprotein has been constructed successfully in the present study.


Buckling and crushing behaviour of hollow structure was studied through experiments and numerical simulation. The experimental material was a thin aluminium square tube (38 x 38, 1.2 mm thick). Quasi-static crushing load was applied using a Universal Testing Machine, Shimadzu Autograph (AG-X) series which uses TRAPEZIUMX software for control and data logging. Finite element simulation of the crushing test was done using LS-DYNA software. Results of the two analyses were compared and found in good agreement. The study provides an insight on ways to increasing energy absorption of light weight aluminium tubes. The simulation procedure can be used for further investigation of aluminium tubes of different cross section areas and geometries.


This paper reports that the results of a mixed-methods study of the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (KCSE) mathematics examination, a high-stakes test taken by students upon the completion of secondary education. All the KCSE examinations are administered in English, which is the second language for almost all Kenyan students. The general research question is: Do examinations, such as the KCSE mathematics assessment, measure knowledge of the content area independent of advanced knowledge of English? The statistical analyses (correlation and regression) revealed that English scores predicted students' mathematics scores. Linguistic analysis of the English language requirements of the test revealed that the test items require a specialized knowledge of English. In this paper, we present our analysis and discuss the implications for future research and professional practice.


Part 1: The Aftermath of the 1973 Yom Kippur War 1. Israeli Strategic Thinking After 1973 2. The American Arms Transfer to Israel Part 2: Limited Wars 3. Israel's Small War: The Military Response to the Intifada 4. The 'No Choice War' Debate in Israel Part 3: The Post-Cold War Period 5. Israel and the Gulf War 6. Contours of Israel's New Strategic Thinking 7. Israel's Strategic Environment in the 1990's Part 4: The Peace Process 8. Israeli Negotiations with Syria 9. Islamic Extremism and the Peace Process 10. Arab-Israeli Coexistence: Causes, Achievements and Limitations Part 5: The New Strategic Partners 11. Israel's New Strategic Partner - Turkey 12. The Indian-Israeli Entente Part 6: The Twenty-first Century Challenges 13. Israel's Palestinian Challenge 14. The Need to Block a Nuclear Iran 15. Israel's Strategic Mistakes in the 2006 Lebanon War


Prime Minister Malcolm Fraser and Tamie Fraser on stage with the cast of a ballet, performed for Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting participants and their spouses [possibly in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory].
Inscription: In an album labelled "Presented to the Right Honourable Malcolm Fraser, MP - Prime Minister of Australia - as a memento of your participation in the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting in Melbourne, Australia".
Previous Control Number: UMA/I/6145
Previous Control Number: PA/141


This paper studies the principal kinetic relationships of thermooxidative desulfurization of coal in order to examine the possibility of using low-temperature heat treatment in an oxidizing medium for lowering the sulfur content of the solid fuel. Brown coal from the Kimovo pit in the Moscow coalfield was taken for the investigation. Its sulfur content consists of compounds present both in the mineral (pyrite and sulfates) and in the organic part of the components of the coal. However, the pyrite form predominates substantially over the other forms of sulfur. The characteristics of the coal samples are presented. The experiments were run under isothermal conditions in a stationary tubular furnace. It can be seen that the desulfurization rate constant increases with temperatures. The results have led to the determination of the minimum oxidation temperature above which sulfur in the coal studied is converted into volatile compounds.


WHEN AN ASTUTE STAFF MEMber at a county public health department in New York noticed that 2 patients who had been newly diagnosed with hepatitis C virus (HCV) had recently received epidural injections from the same pain management clinic, it sparked a visit by state public health officials to the clinic. During the visit, they observed the physician who treated both patients withdrawing medication from a multiple-dose vial with a previously used syringe topped with a new needle, a breach of safe injection practices that may have contaminated the vial and exposed subsequent patients to potential blood-borne infections. Thephysicianwasnotawareoftherisk posed by this practice, explained GuthrieBirkhead,MD,MPH,deputycommissionerof theNewYorkStateDepartment of Health's Office of Public Health, duringtheUSCentersforDiseaseControland Prevention (CDC) Public Health Grand Rounds in November (http://www.cdc .gov/about/grand-rounds/archives/2012 /November2012.htm). But further investigation and testing of some of the more than 8000 patients who were notified of potential exposure identified 8 more patients with HCV infection, and molecular testing found an identical strain of the virus in 2 patients treated on the same day, Birkhead noted. The case garnered media attention and lawsuits and prompted the state medical board to place conditions on the physician's practice. Far from being an isolated case, Birkhead and officials from the CDC and the Center forMedicare&MedicaidServices (CMS)presentedevidencesuggestingthat such lapses are a common occurrence in UShealthcare,particularlyatoutpatient facilities. Thomas Hamilton, MD, director of the survey and certification group inCMS'sCenterforClinicalStandardsand Quality, noted that a 3-state pilot survey publishedin2010found46of68facilities


Dennis Ritchie, the creator of the C programming language and, with Ken Thompson, the co-creator of the Unix operating system, completed his Harvard PhD thesis on recursive function theory in early 1968. But for unknown reasons, he never officially received his degree, and the thesis itself disappeared for nearly 50 years. This strange set of circumstances raises at least three broad questions: • What was the technical contribution of the thesis? • Why wasn't the degree granted? • How was the thesis prepared? This paper investigates the third question: how was a long and typographically complicated mathematical thesis produced at a very early stage in the history of computerized document preparation?


unknown cellular flanking DNA sequences from foreign integrants. Cell Mol. Life Sci. 54, 1403–1411. 5. Iwahana, H., Tsujisawa, T., Katashima, R., Yoshimoto, K., and Itakura, M. (1994) PCR with end trimming and cassette ligation: A rapid method to clone exon-intron boundaries and a 5 -upstream sequences of genomic DNA based on a cDNA sequence. PCR Methods Appl. 4, 19–25. 6. Jones, D. H., and Winistorfer, S. C. (1993) Genome walking with 2–4 kb steps using panhandle PCR. PCR Methods Appl. 2, 197–203. 7. Jones, D. H., and Winistorfer, S. C. (1997) Amplification of 4–9 kb human genomic DNA flanking a known site using a panhandle PCR variant. BioTechniques 23, 132–138. 8. Kilstrup, M., and Kristiansen, K. N. (2000) Rapid genome walking: A simplified oligo-cassette mediated polymerase chain reaction using a single genome-specific primer. Nucleic Acids Res. 28, e55 9. Lodhi, M. A., Ye, G-N., Weeden, N. F., and Reisch, B. I. (1994) A simple and efficient method for DNA extraction from grapevine cultivars, Vitis species and Ampelopsis. Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 12, 6–13. 10. Mueller, P. R., and Wold, B. (1989) In vivo footprinting of a muscle specific enhancer by ligation mediated PCR. Science 246, 780–786. 11. Niu, L. L., and Fallon, A. M. (1999) Retrieval of flanking DNA using a PCR-based approach with restriction enzyme-digested genomic DNA template. BioTechniques 26, 630–634. 12. Ochman, H., Gerber, A. S., and Hartl, D. L. (1988) Genetic applications of an inverse polymerase chain reaction. Genetics 120, 621–623. 13. Siebert, P. D., Chenchik, A., Kellogg, D. E., Lukyanov, K. A., and Lukyanov, S. A. (1995) An improved PCR method for walking in uncloned genomic DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 23, 1087–1088. 14. Willems, H. (1998) Adaptor PCR for the specific amplification of unknown DNA fragments. BioTechniques 24, 26–28.


Photolysis of the 3H-thieno-1,2-diazepines (1) affords the 3-vinylthienopyrazoles (2), whereas their thermolysis gives the thienylpyrazoles (3)via a [1,5] hydrogen shift in the diazepine ring; this mechanism has been confirmed by a deuterium-labelling experiment.


Appropriate irrigation and fertilization is critical to produce good quality plants in a sustainable way. Irrigation can be controlled with capacitance sensor, and this study had the objective of developing a system to control fertilization and irrigation. The system was built using 5TE sensors (Decagon Devices, Inc.) connected to a datalogger (CR10X, Campbell Scientific, Logan, UT). The datalogger was programmed to maintain the substrate (peat-perlite mixture) volume water content (θv) at 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, or 0.40 m·m and the pore water electrical conductivity (PoreEC) at 1, 2, 3, or 4 dS·m in a factorial desing, thus resulting in 16 treatments. Each treatment had six 15-cm pots with ornamental cabbages (Brassica oleracea) and two drippers (one for irrigation with water and the other for fertigation), with the sensor placed in one of the pots. The system was evaluated comparing θv and PoreEC registries with accurate probes. At the end of the experiment the shoots of the plants were harvested for dry weight measurements. The results showed that control of substrate θv was good, with substrate θv generally within 0.03 m·m of the set point. Control of poreEC was more difficult, and there were large fluctuations in poreEC, especially during the first 20 days of the experiment. The regressions with the data obtained with the accurate probes showed r of 0.62 and 0.28 for θv and PoreEC, respectively, which confirmed the better control of θv. PoreEC control was less accurate because of two main reasons: 1) Substrate-electrode contact is critical for proper PoreEC measurements and this was a problem because of the little size of the sensor electrodes. 2) The fertilizer is not distributed as uniformly and quickly as water and needs more time to reach the sensor electrodes. During the 35-day experiment plants received between 0.14 and 3.6 liters of water and 0.26 and 1.15 liters of fertilizer solution depending on the treatment, which affected the plant growth. Shoot dry weight decreased as the set point for poreEC increased. Shoot dry weight was also reduced by low set points for θv, while shoot dry weights were similar with set points of 0.35 and 0.40 m·m. So, the results suggest that θv can be more easily controlled than poreEC although a better contact probe electrodes-substrate could improve this control and the system operation. The Third International Symposium on Soil Water Measurement Using Capacitance, Impedance and TDT (2010, Murcia, Spain), Applications, Paper 2.10 Paper 2.10 – Page 2 INTRODUCTION Greenhouse production sustainability is becoming increasingly important. Efficient use of water and fertilizer are important components of sustainable production. We have previously shown that soil moisture sensors can be used effectively to control greenhouse irrigation, assuring that only the amount of water required by the crop is applied (Burnett and van Iersel 2008). The use of soil moisture sensors for irrigation control can greatly reduce the amount of water used; e.g., irrigation water used for Hydrangea macrophylla was reduced by 83% when soil moisture sensors were used to control irrigation (van Iersel et al. 2009). Irrigation and fertilization are closely linked in greenhouse production, because fertilizer is commonly applied with the irrigation water in a water-soluble form. In addition, more efficient irrigation reduces leaching of both water and nutrients from the pots (Ristvey et al 2004). Therefore, any change in irrigation practices may necessitate a change in fertilization as well. Ideally, if irrigation is controlled by soil moisture sensors, fertilization would be controlled by sensors that can detect the nutrient status of the substrate. Electrical conductivity (EC) can be used as an indicator of the total amount of soluble salts in the substrate, and as such is commonly used as a proxy for nutrient availability. Recently, new sensors (5TE, Decagon Devices, Pullman, WA) have become available that can measure both the volume water content (θv) and EC of soilless substrates. Water content measurements with these sensors work the same as with other capacitance sensors that have been on the market for several years, and such capacitance sensors have been used successfully for irrigation control (Burnett and van Iersel 2008, van Iersel et al. 2010, 6). EC measurements are taken using two small stainless steel screws embedded in the sensor. These screws serve as the electrodes for the EC measurements. Thus, EC measurements using these sensors reflect the bulk EC of the substrate; i.e., these measurements reflect how well the substrate as a whole (including the solid substrate components, the pore water in the substrate, and the air in the substrate) conducts electricity. However from a plant's perspective, it is more relevant to determine the EC of the pore water (PoreEC). Hilhorst (2000) described a model that allows the estimation of PoreEC from measurements of bulk EC, temperature and the real portion of the dielectric permittivity of the substrate (εb The objective of our study was to determine whether these 5TE sensors can be used to control both the water content and the PoreEC of soilless substrates. So, ornamental cabbages were grown in plastic pots filled with a mixture of peat and perlite. ) which is measured by the sensors. The Third International Symposium on Soil Water Measurement Using Capacitance, Impedance and TDT (2010, Murcia, Spain), Applications, Paper 2.10 Paper 2.10 – Page 3 MATERIAL AND METHODS An automated irrigation and fertigation system was built using 16 5TE sensors connected to a datalogger (CR10X, Campbell Scientific, Logan, UT), using a multiplexer (AM16/32, Campbell Scientific) (Fig. 1). Sensor readings of εb were converted to the θv of the substrate, using our own calibration for the peat-perlite mix used in this study (θv = -0.0387×εb + 3.4436×ε b 4.1848, R = 0.99; θv is expressed here as % water content and was subsequently converted to units of m·m by dividing by 100). Bulk EC, temperature, and εb The datalogger determined whether the measured θ measurements were used to calculate PoreEC, using Hilhorst's equation (Hilhorst 2000), with an offset value (dielectric permittivity of the dry substrate) of 1.55. v was below the θv set point for a particular plot. If so, the datalogger then compared the calculated PoreEC to the EC set point. If the PoreEC was above the EC set point, the plants were irrigated with tap water, otherwise the plants were fertigated with a fertilizer solution with an EC of approximately 10 dS·m. Such a high fertilizer EC was needed to see a detectable increase in PoreEC. The datalogger activated solenoid valves to either irrigate or fertigate each group of plants using two relay drivers (SDM16ACDC, Campbell Scientific). To achieve this, two separate irrigation systems were built, one that provided plants with tap water and another one that provided plants with fertilizer solution (Fig. 1). The plants were irrigated/fertigated using drip emitters connected to pressure compensated emitters (2 L·hour , Netafim, Tel Aviv, Israel). Each time the irrigation/fertigation for a particular plot was activated, the solenoid valve opened for 30 s, thus applying approximately 16.5 ml per irrigation/fertigation event. The Third International Symposium on Soil Water Measurement Using Capacitance, Impedance and TDT (2010, Murcia, Spain), Applications, Paper 2.10 Paper 2.10 – Page 4 Figure 1. Diagram of the sensor-controlled irrigation and fertigation system. The CR10X datalogger measures the water content and EC of the substrate using 5TE sensors and then determines whether to irrigate or fertigate a particular plot. Solenoid valves are activated using two relay drivers (SDM16ACDC). Only one out of six pots in each plot has a 5TE sensors. Irrigation and fertigation of all six plants in a plot are controlled based on the readings from that one sensor. To test the automated irrigation and fertigation system, 96 ornamental cabbages (Brassica oleracea) were planted in 15-cm pots filled with a peat-perlite substrate (Fafard 2P, Agawam, MA). The plants were arranged in 16 plots of 6 plants each, and a 5TE sensor was inserted into one of the six pots within each plot. The datalogger was programmed to maintain the substrate water content at 0.25, 0.30, 0.35, or 0.40 mm and the pore water EC at 1, 2, 3, or 4 dS·m in a factorial arrangement, thus resulting in 16 treatments. Due to the malfunctioning of one sensor, there are no data from the treatment with set points of 0.40 m·m and 3 dS·m. Once a week, four measurements per treatment of θv and EC (bulk and pore) were collected with Theta and Sigma probes (Delta-T Devices, Ltd.) The Third International Symposium on Soil Water Measurement Using Capacitance, Impedance and TDT (2010, Murcia, Spain), Applications, Paper 2.10 Paper 2.10 – Page 5 respectively. The shoots of the plants were harvested at the end of the study for dry weight measurements after 35 days. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Control of substrate θv was good, with substrate θv generally within 0.03 m·m of the set point. Control of PoreEC was more difficult, and there were large fluctuations in PoreEC, especially during the first 20 days of the experiment (Fig 2). The θv correlation with the Theta probe readings was better than the PoreEC correlation with sigma probe readings (r = 0.73 and 0.41, respectively), which suggests a greater accuracy in θv than EC measurements (Figs. 3 and 4). Several factors contributed to the pore water EC fluctuations and the lack of PoreEC accuracy. 1) No control of PoreEC was possible until after the θv of the substrates had reached the θv set point, since plants were not irrigated or fertigated until this set point was reached. 2) The small screws that serve as EC sensors on the 5TE results in less than optimal contact between the electrodes and the substrate (or pore water). If there is an air pocket surrounding one of the electrode


Three new soluble polyconjugated polymers, all of which emitted blue light in photoluminescence and electroluminescence, were synthesized, and their luminescence properties were studied. The polymers were poly{1,1′-biphenyl-4,4′-diyl-[1-(4-t-butylphenyl)]vinylene}, poly((9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,7-diyl)-alt-{1,4-phenylene-[1-(4-t-butylphenyl)vinylene-1,4-phenylene]}) [P(DOF-PVP)], and poly([N-(2-ethyl) hexylcarbazole-3,6-diyl]-alt-{1,4-phenylene-[1-(4-t-butylphenyl)]vinylene-1,4-phenylene}). The last two polymers had alternating sequences of the two structural units. Among the three polymers, P(DOF-PVP) performed best in the light-emitting diode devices of indium–tin oxide/poly(ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with poly(styrene sulfonate) (30 nm)/polymer (150 nm)/Li:Al (100 nm). This might have been correlated with the balance in and magnitude of the mobility of the charge carriers, that is, positive holes and electrons, and also the electronic structure, that is, highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels, of the polymers. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 307–317, 2006


This research is a qualitative research motivated by the National Program for Urban Community Empowerment (PNPM Mandiri Perkotaan) that still experience difficulties to reducing poverty in Indonesia. The research is focused on the implementation of PNPM Mandiri Perkotaan in Winong, Boyolali and it is influencing factors covering communication, resources, implementor dispotition, bureaucratic structure, implementing organizations, and socio-economic environment. The results showed that the PNPM Mandiri Perkotaan in Winong, Boyolali still less effective and also less positive impact on the development of community life caused by low levels of human resource and poor socialization. So it takes a strategy to improve the quality of human resources as well as good communication strategy in order to improve the welfare of the people in Winong.


The increasingly severe situation of aging population has brought great challenges to the economy and society,especially in the field of medical care system.Described the trend and characteristics of China's aging population,and analyzed the health status and characteristics of medical service needs of China's elderly population,drew a conclusion that healthy aging was an inevitable choice to solve the problems of aging population in China.Finally explained the paths to achieve healthy aging in China.


Recent reports produced by UNHCR and other international agencies indicate that Colombian refugees residing in Ecuador are facing new challenges in their path to safety and refuge from the armed conflict in Colombia. However, even though these refugees have presented credible claims of fear of persecution, the United States government has refused to allow them to resettle in the U.S. because these asylum seekers have already been firmly resettled in Ecuador. As a consequence, these Colombian nationals are unable to return to their country, experience harsh discrimination in their country of asylum, and are also legally barred from enjoying basic human rights in the United States. The firm resettlement doctrine arose from a provision of the Convention with Regard to the Status of Refugees of 1951. The * J.D., Roger Williams University School of Law, 2013; LL.M. Candidate, May 2015, University of California Berkeley School of Law; Staff Attorney at the Florence Immigrant and Refugee Rights Project. Thanks to Professor Peter Margulies for his guidance and support. Also, many thanks to the UNHCR Regional Office in Washington, D.C., and especially Senior Resettlement Officer Larry Yungk for introducing this issue to me and providing valuable information and insight. Thank you also to my partner, Eric Felleman, for his love and support. Por ultimo, gracias Mama, Cris y, Andre, por creer en mi. MANCHENOFINALWORD.DOCX (DO NOT DELETE) 3/5/2014 6:02 PM 152 ROGER WILLIAMS UNIVERSITY LAW REVIEW [Vol. 19:151 doctrine excludes a person from receiving refugee status if it is shown that, prior to arrival to the country where she now seeks asylum, she entered a third country and received an offer of permanent resident status, citizenship, or some other type of permanent resettlement. U.S. courts have developed two approaches to the firm resettlement bar based on differing interpretations of the doctrinal phrase: "an offer of permanent resident status, citizenship, or some other type of permanent resettlement." These are commonly referred to as the "formal offer" approach and the "totality of the circumstances" approach. The formal approach applies a literal reading of the phrase, while the totality of the circumstances approach emphasizes that the adjudicator should consider the totality of the circumstances in order to decide whether an applicant remains in flight from persecution and unable to resettle in a third state that offers her rights and protections tantamount to those of citizenship. This article argues that the Department of Homeland Security should adopt a totality of the circumstances approach to interpreting the Firm Resettlement Doctrine. Specifically, for Colombian refugees who have been unable to resettle in Ecuador, a consideration of the totality of their circumstances would allow them to defeat the firm resettlement bar that currently precludes them from being resettled in the United States. "[Ecuadorians] hear your accent and suddenly you are converted in their eyes from people to dirt . . . Everywhere you go here, the answer is no. It makes me so angry that there are so many Colombians in the street—refugees who can't speak for themselves, denied at every turn . . ." —Colombian refugee living in Ecuador1


This paper describes the crystallinity, growth rate, and surface morphology of single crystalline 3C-SiC (cubic silicon carbide) thin films grown with several carbonization conditions such as temperature, flow rate, time. In case of carbonization, an increase in the carbonization temperature caused a increase in the size and numbers of unsealed void (big black spot) which decrease the crystallinity. In addition, optimal flow rate made carbonization layer form well and prevented the formation of voids. Also, after a period of time, the growth of carbonization layer did not increase no more. The single crystalline 3C-SiC thin films on optimal carbonized Si substrate showed an improvement on the crystallinity, the growth rate, the roughness, and the carrier concentration.


In this work we investigate the cobalt-nickel alloy magnetic properties. Calculations of lattice constants for Co, Ni and Co1-xNix alloy with different concentrations were performed with the VASP framework. Calculations of the exchange integrals were carried out using the SPR-KKR package (spin-polarized relativistic Korring-Kohn-Rostoker method). For pure ferromagnets, the Co exchange interaction is ferromagnetic. For Ni, the exchange interaction of the nearest neighbors also is ferromagnetic, but the exchange interaction of the next nearest neighbors has a very weak antiferromagnetic character. In the Co1-xNix alloy, the exchange interaction of the nearest neighbors JNi–Co1 and JCo–Co1 increases with increasing nickel concentration. The next nearest neighbors exchange interaction at a concentration of Ni x ≥ 0.5 has an antiferromagnetic character.


Through the use of the complex programmable logic device(CPLD) and digital signal processing(DSP) technology,the flight control data signal process system hardware is designed,and the multitask dispatch is put in the system software to provide the good condition for system engineering.


The present invention relates generally to chemical, biological, and / or biochemical reactor chips and other reaction systems, such as microreactor systems, and systems and methods for constructing and using such devices. In one aspect, a chip or other reaction system can be constructed to promote cell growth therein. In certain embodiments, the chip or other reaction system of the present invention includes one or more reaction sites. This reaction site is very small, for example, may have a volume of less than about 1 ml. In one aspect of the invention, environmental factors associated with one or more reaction sites, such as temperature, pressure, CO 2 concentration, O 2 concentration, relative humidity, pH, etc., are measured using one or more sensors, actuators. Can be detected, measured and / or controlled by the chip by using a processor and / or control system.


As a possible origin of noise in a reproducing head in a video tape recorder, a pulsed stress due to friction between a head and a tape is pointed out. From the consideration of internal physical processes of a ferrite material under the pulsed stress, the spectrum of the noise is predicted. The noise experimentally observed is well interpreted by the model.


The double-sided etching method using an embedded alignment mark is provided. Double-sided etching method using an embedded alignment mark are disclosed: a first step of providing a first and a second substrate alignment mark is embedded in an intermediate portion; A second step of etching the upper portion of the substrate such that the first alignment mark is exposed from the first surface of the substrate; A third step of etching an upper portion of the substrate relative to the exposed first alignment mark; A fourth step of the second alignment mark is etched in the substrate a lower portion of the lock being exposed from the second side of the substrate; And a fifth step of etching the lower surface of the substrate relative to the second alignment mark the exposed; characterized in that it comprises a.


Aquaculture is equated with the reduction of poverty by intergovernmental agencies such as the FAO, which advocate the promotion of small‐scale aquaculture through project‐based interventions. There is a lack of convincing empirical evidence to support the efficacy of this type of intervention, however. Meanwhile, commercial cultured freshwater fish production has increased hugely throughout Asia, despite limited direct donor or government support. Its impact with respect to poverty also remains ambiguous, however. This article critically evaluates the developmental impacts of both immanent and interventionist forms of aquaculture and advances finely nuanced interpretations of both.


Abstract An alternating current phase-selective anodic stripping (PSAS) method is described for determining trace amounts of gallium in spiked bovine tissue. Sharp, gaussian a.c. anodic stripping peaks were obtained at high solution ionic strength and in the presence of thiocyanate anion. Tissue samples were ashed completely using a low temperature, radio-frequency excited oxygen plasma. Interference from copper and zinc naturally present in the tissue was eliminated by isopropyl ether extraction of HGaC14 from 7 molar hydrochloric acid solution.


ABSTRACT A method of multiple-image encryption via spiral phase mask rotations based on the joint transform correlator encryption system was proposed. Multiple images can be encrypted into one ciphertext through this approach. When decrypted the ciphertext, we have no need to produce too many key masks, only need rotate the key mask to the angle corresponding to the plaintext. The system also has good resistance to occlusion attack and differential attack. Computer simulations initially verified the correctness of this method, and the experimental results also confirmed its validity further.


Objective To discuss the value of 64 MDCT angiography in diagnosis of spontaneous superior mesenteric artery(SMA) dissection.Methods The axial CT and postprocessing images of 8 patients with isolated SMA dissection diagnosed by 64 MDCT angiography were analyzed retrospectively.Results The axial CT,MPR and CPR could clearly demonstrate imaging features of SMA dissection,including true and false lumen and detached intimal flap(n=8),ruptured intimal orifice(n=3),thrombus in the false lumen(n=7),aneurysmal dilatation of dissection(n=2),bowel ischemia(n=1).MIP and VR displayed stenosis of true lumen(n=5),detached intimal flap(n=4),involved branches of SMA(n=2),aneurysmal dilatation of dissection(n=2).Conclusion 64-MDCT angiography and the correlative postprocessing technique could accurately evaluate spontaneous SMA dissection,which provide valuable information for clinical management.


How can we assure that the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards Certification process is authentic and meaningful for all teachers? For the past year I have had the honor of mentoring eight early childhood teachers from New Mexico toward the attainment of the national teaching certificate. Although I do not yet know the results of these educators' portfolio and examination efforts, the process for developing a professional portfolio and the questions that emerged during this process are addressed here.


The influences of liquid fuel temperature, pressure and injection rate on fuel contraction coefficient and Reynolds number for a typical fuel injector were numerically investigated. Nozzle geometry parameters remained constant during the analysis. Calculations were performed with a standard diesel fuel D2. Increase in fuel injection rate causes an increase in the fuel contraction coefficient, while the increase in fuel pressure decreases fuel contraction coefficient. Increase in fuel temperature causes an increase in contraction coefficient. For the lower fuel pressures, an increase in the injection rate causes only slight increase in contraction coefficient for every observed fuel temperature, while at higher fuel pressures increase in the injection rate causes significant increase in contraction coefficient especially for lower fuel temperatures. The highest Reynolds numbers were obtained for the highest injection rates. Increase in fuel temperature causes an increase in Reynolds number for every fuel pressure, while an increase in fuel pressure causes decrease in Reynolds number for every fuel temperature. Introduction The fuel thermodynamic properties, injection rate and injector nozzle geometry strongly affects the fuel atomization process in internal combustion engines. This fuel and nozzle characteristics are a basis for fuel spray dynamics modeling. Fuel flow through the injector nozzle along with fuel properties was investigated by many authors in the past [1], [2]. Newer research is presented by Madero and Axelbaum [3] which was investigated fuel spray breakup and structure of spray flames for low-volatility wet fuels. Greenberg [4] investigated the impact of the initial droplet size distribution on the behavior of an edge flame. Wu et al. [5] analyzed nozzle configuration effects on internal flow and primary spray breakup for flash boiling fuel sprays. Nozzle flow influence and characteristics on multi-component fuel spray evaporation process was investigated by Abianeh et al. [6]. Experimental study on fuel spray characteristics under atmospheric and pressurized cross-flow conditions presented Guo et al. [7]. Injector nozzle geometry impact on fuel injection, fuel atomization and evaporation processes must be involved in any detail internal combustion engine simulation with changeable fuel injector parameters, as one presented in [8] for a high speed direct injection turbocharged diesel engine. The same characteristics are inevitable in simulations of marine two-stroke slow speed diesel engines [9]. To reduce engine emissions and improve engine operating parameters, researchers are intensively involved in implementing combustion of different alternative fuels in existing internal combustion engines of any type. Moon [10] investigated insights into the dynamic structure of bio-diesel and conventional fuel sprays from high-pressure diesel injectors, while spray evaporation and penetration of alternative fuels analyzed Azami and Savill [11]. Liquid fuel contraction coefficient Liquid fuel contraction, Fig. 1, is fuel constriction which happens because the liquid fuel streamlines cannot abruptly change direction. For the fuel injector nozzle, the liquid fuel streamlines are unable to closely follow the sharp angle in the nozzle wall. Maximum contraction is the place in a liquid fuel stream where the diameter of the stream is the lowest and liquid fuel velocity has maximum value. The maximum contraction takes place in a section slightly downstream of the fuel injector nozzle outlet. Fig. 1 Definition of liquid fuel contraction coefficient for fuel injector nozzle According to Fig. 1, the liquid fuel contraction coefficient for the fuel injector nozzle is defined as a ratio of liquid fuel stream diameter at maximum contraction point and the nozzle diameter:


Recently, consumers have become more concerned with foods contain natural ingredients in terms of health and economic. Hence, in this study, the effects of concentrate of smoked and sun dried raisin were investigated at 3 levels (1, 3 and 5%) as a natural humectant to improve the quality and shelf life of flat bread. Results showed that addition of smoked and sun dried raisin improved quality and shelf life of Taftoon bread. Sun dried raisin was more effective to improving sensory properties. Bread containing 5% concentrate of both treatments (sun and smoked raisin) had higher moisture content, specific volume and minimum firmness in compare with other samples. In treatment containing 5% concentrate of sun dried raisin sensory properties was rated higher than smoked ones. So concentrate of smoked and sun dried raisin can be used as a humectants, to improve the quality and shelf life of flat bread.


A high level review of the trends and outlook for solar and LED technologies, and the investor environment, sentiment, and capital availability for energy companies. Article not available.


Abstract Background and purpose: The hospitality industries need to create benevolent work environment and social activities that stimulate frontline service employees (FLEs) innovative behavior. Drawing on social capital theory, this study aims to examine the influence of workplace friendship on promoting FLEs' innovative service behavior. This study also examines the mediating role of knowledge sharing process (knowledge collecting and knowledge donating) on the relationship between workplace friendship and FLEs' innovative service behavior. Design/Methodology/Approach: For data collection, the convenience sampling method is applied to survey 163 frontline employees in 3- and 4-stars tourist hotels located in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The present study performed structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) software Smart-PLS v3.0 to test the hypotheses. Results: The result showed that workplace friendship has significant influence on FLEs' innovative service behavior. Also, this study empirically found that workplace friendship influence FLEs' innovative service behavior directly and indirectly trough knowledge collecting. Interestingly, knowledge donating has insignificant effect on FLEs innovative service behavior. Conclusion: We conclude that workplace friendship could create a favorable work environment that fostering FLEs innovative service behavior trough knowledge sharing process. Therefore, this research adds to the body of knowledge by pointing out the influence of workplace friendship and knowledge sharing process on FLEs innovative service behavior. This present study also provides the human resource practice regarding how to nurturing workplace friendship that stimulates FLEs innovative work behavior.


The orthodontist is often faced with the problem of bonding brackets to ceramic restorations. The purpose of this study was to find the most reliable method for bonding ceramic brackets onto ceramic crowns.


The ore character of the studied mine changed a lot because of the ore variety of exploitation condition in diggings and the grade of WO3 content declined heavily,which results in big undulation of production quality.This paper gets the following figures from the experiment: WO3 grade in scheelite concentrate is 69.84%,WO3 recovery rate reaches 70.76% by ascertaining the technologic conditions of froth flotation.


Reaction of enaminones 1a–d with 2-aminoprop-1-ene-1,1,3-tricarbonitrile (2) in the presence of AcOH/NH4OAc afforded 7-amino-5-oxo-5,6-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-8-carbonitrile derivatives 9a–d. On the other hand, 2-aminopyrano[4,3,2-de][1,6]naphthyridine-3-carbonitriles 20a–c,e were the only obtained products from the reactions of 1a–d with 2 in the presence of AcOH/NaOAc, while 1d afforded [3,5-bis-(4-chloro-benzoyl)-phenyl]-(4-chloro-phenyl)-methanone 21 under the same condition. The reaction of 2 with diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate in the presence of AcOH/NH4OAc afforded (4-cyano-5-dicyanomethylene-2-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)-acetic acid ethyl ester 15B.


BACKGROUND
The navigable percutaneous disc decompression (PDD) device L'DISQ is an effective and safe option for the treatment of lumbar discogenic pain. However, few studies have evaluated the prognostic factors of successful PDD using this device.

OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic factors associated with the successful outcome of PDD using the L'DISQ for treating lumbar discogenic pain by following up patients before and one, 2, 3, and 6 months after the procedure.

STUDY DESIGN
Retrospective cohort study.

SETTING
Tertiary university hospital.

METHODS
A successful outcome was defined as a >= 50% reduction in the numeric rating scale scores for pain and a >= 40% reduction in the Oswestry Disability Index scores at 6 months after the procedure. Clinical parameters and patient demographics, including pain duration, history of surgery, number of treatment levels, and the radiographic findings of lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), were also examined.

RESULTS
Of the 106 patients included, 80 (75.5%) had successful outcomes at 6 months. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of high-intensity zones (HIZs) (P = 0.016) was an independent positive predictor of successful PDD outcomes; conversely, migration of the herniated disc (P = 0.017) and bilaterally herniated discs (P = 0.001) were negative predictors.

LIMITATIONS
The limitations of this study were its retrospective design, absence of a control group, and difficulty in predicting the effect when multiple levels were involved because of the use of MRI characteristics of the disc as a predictor.

CONCLUSIONS
The presence of HIZs, the absence of migration of herniated discs, and the presence of unilaterally herniated discs are positive predictors of successful outcomes of PDD using the L'DISQ.


We present the problem of setting up an intrinsic camera calibration under Scheimpflug condition for an industrial application. We aim to calibrate the Scheimpflug camera using a roughly hand positioned calibration pattern with bundle adjustment technique. The assumptions used by classical calibration methodologies are not valid anymore for cameras undergoing Scheimpflug condition. Therefore, we slightly modify pin-hole model to estimate the Scheimpflug angles. The results are tested on real data sets captured from cameras limited by various industrial constraints, and in the presence of large distortions.


Aimed at solving the job-shop scheduling problem,considering the best way of batching when only one part is processed in the job-shop,a model of scheduling in batches is created based on the even batch principle.Then consider the distributed subbatch as a new workpiece,renumber it,compute the time needed to process,and make a production scheduling,where utilize the superb overall search performance of the Genetic Algorithm(GA) and the excellent local search performance of the tabu search algorithm.Finally,through experiment simulation,make a research on the 4×4 and 6×6 scheduling problem,compare the different outcomes from different processing tasks,and analyze how variety、quantity and manufacturing process of the manufactured workpiece affect the scheduling outcomes.