As the growth of technology in lives of humans increases, the growth of interest and research on mobile adhoc networks is exponentially. Therefore in Mobile Ad-hoc NETwork (MANET), Ad-hoc On demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing protocol is used, in which wireless transmission takes place where one mobile node can send messages directly to other mobile node. The node movement in the dynamic environment causes frequent topology changes in the network. Thus it is very much necessary for every node in the network to keep track of change so that an efficient packet transmission can be done. Colored petri nets is one such formal method in which models depicting the exact functionality of the system is being built, simulated and analyzed.


ties, dharmas, of the past and future are real, that is, are real now. Dharmas are short-lived or momentary happenings. The Sarvastivadins claimed that the present happening of a dharma is merely one phase in its existence. Hitherto it has existed in its future phase; when causes and conditions are ripe, it moves into its present phase, and then when the moment of its actualization is past it moves into the third phase of its history and becomes a past dharma. So at the present moment there exist not only present dharmas, that is, dharmas in their present phase (bhava), but also dharmas in their past and future phases. The experienced difference between these three modes of present existence is explained by a complex theory of different types of causal efficacy; the present bhava is characterized by a particularly strong kind of causality called karitra; dharmas in past and future bhavas are also causally efficacious, but in a different way. So, in this sense, past, present, and future dharmas are contemporaneous; but it is a 'reduced contemporaneity', for dharmas in past and future phases are less forceful than dharmas in the present phase. This doctrine was in direct opposition to the opinion of the Sthaviras and the Sautrantikas, that before its present moment of existence a dharma was nothing, and after this moment it will become nothing (abhutva bhavati, bhutva ca prativigacchati).1 Why did the Sarvastivadins hold their peculiar view about the real existence of past and future? This question expresses two linked types of puzzlement: to the philosopher the Sarvasti position may well seem inherently implausible, even bizarre; and the historian of Buddhist thought may find it difficult to understand why the matter should have been of any special concern to Buddhists. Why as Buddhists should the Sarvasti philosophers have been concerned to assert the present existence of past and future dharmas? While I am addressing the question of the Buddhist importance of the theory, I am also, especially in the final section, concerned with the more general philosophical question. A first step in understanding why the Sarvastivadins held their 'sarvasti' position must be to look at the arguments they themselves produced to defend this position. Historically we know of three phases in the development of their views: the original abhidharma texts (second century B.C.); the great commentary on these known as the Maha-vibhasa (first century A.D.); and the vigorous debate which arose from Vasuhandhu's account of their views, with mainly hostile commentary, in the Abhidharma-kosa (fifth century A.D.). Senior Lecturer in


A methodology is developed to learn a feedback linearization (i.e., nonlinear change of coordinates and input transformation) using a data-driven approach for a single input control-affine nonlinear system with unknown dynamics. We employ deep neural networks to learn the feedback law (input transformation) in conjunction with an extension of invertible neural networks to learn the nonlinear change of coordinates (state transformation). We also learn the matrices A and B of the transformed linear system and define loss terms to ensure controllability of the pair (A, B). The efficacy of our approach is demonstrated by simulations on a nonlinear system. Furthermore, we show that state feedback controllers designed using the feedback linearized system yield expected closed-loop behavior when applied to the original nonlinear system, further demonstrating validity of the learned feedback linearization.


Innovation is the roots of firms'development.But it's not freely to choose the innovation category.Maintenance innovation means to improve the function of the existed products in the main market,and the destructive innovation based on lower market and destruct the main market.After an comparative analysis on the destructive innovation between the old firms and the new firms,this paper considers that the maintenance innovation suits the old firms,and the destructive innovation is the optimization for new firms.


2 *Tmag ORKER involvement is a key ingredient toward the S establishment of job safety and health standards. It is g W~ l V T also key to enforcement of those standards by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Passage of P c) the 1969 Coal Mine Health and Safety Act (MSHA) (1) and the 1970 Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) (2) came on the heels of the movement for civil rights, environmentalprotection, communityhealth advocacy and equal rights forwomen. People active in these movements voiced a strong skepticism of the willingness of government agencies to fulfill the legal mandates as legislation became law. They demanded an active role in the implementation of these government programs. The drive during the 1960s by organized labor and others for passage of a federal job safety and health program was affected by these demands. The OSHA and MSHA laws contain clear language which mandates maximum participation by workers and their representatives in the standard setting process, including the standards development process assigned to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), the inspection and enforcement system, and the appeals procedures for all aspects of OSHA and MSHA. The OSHA law was a radical departure from the individual state job safety and health laws in existence for as long as fifty years. Workers and unions had few rights under state laws. It was this implicit failure which precipitated the need for federal legislation.


Prolonged studies of the rate of cortical bone formation in three adult dogs using double tetracycline labeling (two twelve-week periods of labeling twelve weeks apart) are reported. These studies, covering twenty-four weeks in a thirty-six weeks period, provided the first long-duration, direct meas


The experimental study was carried out by professors of the Faculty of Education and students of the preschool and initial education career and Physical Education, Sports and Recreation, of the "Eloy Alfaro" Lay University of Manabi in Ecuador; part of the theoretical analysis on recreational games and the development of motor balance, to determine the activities that contribute to enhance it and the strategies for its correct application by the educators of Initial Education and Physical Education. From the empirical perspective, a diagnosis was made, whose universe was formed by the administrative authority, teachers, children of the "Juan Montalvo" fiscal educational unit of the city of Manta, Ecuador and the sample includes the administrative authority, Physical education teachers of the first year of basic education and the children enrolled in this year. This was done during the 2018-2019 school year; a pre-test that allowed to evaluate the level of development of the motor balance that the children have, before applying the recreational games, as a base to evaluate its effectiveness through a post-test at the end of the investigation. The information obtained was statistically analyzed by applying the SPSS version 23 data management program. Key words. Recreational games, development of motor balance in children, Physical Education


F344 male and female rats were administered 1.25%o‐phenylphenol (OPP) or 2% sodium o‐ phenylphenate (Na‐OPP) in combination with 3% NaHCO3 or 1% NI4Cl for 8 weeks and changes in the urinary bladder histopathology and the urinary components were examined. Administration of OPP with NaHCO3 resulted in marked urothelial liyperplasia in the urinary bladder of male rats, the response being less pronounced in females. OPP alone exerted no proliferative effect and NaHCO3 induced only slight hyperplasia in males. Na‐OPP alone induced mild hyperplastic lesions only in males, this being completely prevented by concomitant administration of NH4C1. The findings thus demonstrated a clear correlation between hyperplastic response and reported carcinogenic potential of these treatments. Of the urinary factors examined, increases in levels of pH and sodium ion concentration were positively associated with proliferative lesions especially in males, although the findings failed to explain the sex difference. Urinary concentrations of non‐conjugated forms of OPP metabolites were also not directly correlated with the development of hyperplasias. Thus, changes in individual urinary factors presumably affect nrothelial proliferation in combination rather than separately. The presence of OPP metabolites, including 2‐phenyl‐l,4‐benzoquinone, in the urine may be unimportant in the OPP urinary carcinogenesis even under conditions of alkalinuria and high sodium ion concentration.


Water is one of the essential natural resource for the survival of life on Earth. Water is a boon of nature for the whole living world and is essential for variety of purposes to human being as well as to plants and animals. Demand for water is increasing day by day, with the ever increasing population, resulted severe water crisis. Land and water are the life sustaining resources of the world, which are undergoing a rattling stress because of increasing anthropogenic pressure on these finite resources for the primary needs and thereby affecting the future food security. Water is probably the only natural resource to touch all aspects of human civilization from agricultural and industrial development. Hence, we need proper management and development plan to conserve, restore or Geospatial technique were used for land and water management action plan for Devanayakanahalli micro-watershed lies between 76 0 39' 43'' to 76 0 41' 17'' E longitudes and 13 0 4' 54'' to 13 0 6' 29'' N latitudes in Tumkur district, Karnataka. Arc GIS software was used in evaluation of morphological characteristics of the micro-watershed. The present study reveals that drainage pattern was dendritic with trunk order 3. The area, perimeter, maximum length and width of the micro-watershed are 453 ha, 10.10 km, 3.68 km and 1.23 km respectively. The mean value of bifurcation ratio was 2.20, it indicates micro-watershed had suffered less structural disturbance. The value of drainage density 2.30 km km -2 which shows that the region having permeable subsoil material. The value of form factor illustrates micro-watershed was elongated in shape. The study were used to prepare the thematic maps of land use/land cover, soil, slope and drainage using satellite imagery data and Survey of India (SoI) toposheet of micro-watershed and to integrate all the maps under GIS environment to prepare the water resource management plans for micro-watershed. The study will be helpful in identification of sites for construction of different soil and water conservation structures. Thus, the results shows that 38.14 per cent of the total area is ideal for constructing check dam, 20.97 per cent farm pond and 13.40 per cent for percolation pond which helps in sustainable development of the natural resources of the micro-watershed with the proper implementation of the proposed action plans. K e y w o r d s


The present invention provides a handheld device which addresses the need for increased user-friendliness. A housing (A) is provided with a display section (1A), and another housing (B) is provided with a display section (1B). A detection unit (2) detects the positions of one or both of the housings (A) and (B), and the opening angle between the housings (A) and (B). An execution unit (3) executes the application. A control unit (4) displays the application screen in a display style according to the detection results obtained by the detection unit (2), on one or both of the display sections (1A)(1B).


Strengthened with carbon fiber sheets(CFS), fourteen plain concrete circle specimens and fourteen reinforce concrete circle specimens are tested. The performing characteristics and confinement mechanism of these concrete circle specimens were researched and analyzed in detail. The experiment shows that concrete penstock structure reinforced by carbon fiber sheets(CFS) is an effective measure which can increase the ultimate strength and improve stiffness and ductibility of the specimens. A kind of new method for calculating bearing capacity of concrete penstock structure confined with carbon fiber reinforced plastic is put forward through analyzing the experimental results. The results of the new method are in good agreement with the experimental ones. The results can give reference to application.


The management civilization of the government is followed in a complete set of management value orientation system.Under the influence of broad and profound traditional Chinese culture,the basic value orientation advocated by the ancient government,such as "respect the heaven and protect the people","internal saints and external kings" and "peace and the golden mean should always be preserved",laid the ideological basis for realizing political civilization.Above-mentioned still have important reference meaning to current construction of government management civilization.


Feigned paid-in is to complete registering establishment-foundation or altered-foundation without actually paying the price of shares but feigned it as it has done. It is using by the acceptor who has obligation of paid-in for the takeover capital stock which issued by corporate foundation or acceptor who received newly issued stock after company foundation and have obligation of paid-in on it. Judicial precedent regard for feigned paid-in is valid due to the nature of organization-law. However, the nature of organization-law should be considered for many other stakeholders from external business relations after the company has established rather than for the shareholders who directly related to company foundation. Therefore, strictly following the principle of capital faithfulness is the best reflection of the nature of organization-law. Then, the feigned paid-in which harms the principle of capital faithfulness and gives damage to the company's counterparts and general shareholders should be nullified. Due to the Supreme Court's firm stance on validation of feigned paid-in, disguised paid-in is take for granted in real business world. Further, forging certificate for payment without actual payment, so-called payment of any stock caused false, are being done publicly. These results are caused by the Supreme Court's upholding stance on validation of feigned paid-in. Thus, Supreme Court should change their attitude and regards the feigned paid-in invalid to solve the problems. Judicial precedent approved feigned paid-in because it is useful for logical and coherent dealing with legal structure of already founded company. However, seeking methods to prevent founding company or newly issuing stock by feigned paid-in form and legislatively regulates on feigned paid-in is rather desirable.


The diagnosis and management of pulmonary arterial hypertension has been transformed by the introduction of disease‐targeted therapies. Here, the authors look at the properties of these new drugs and the role of the GP in management. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Interface Ltd


The intracellular calcium signaling pathways of a neuron consist of biochemical reactions along with molecular diffusion. It is known that stochastic discrete event simulation of these pathways provides a more detailed understanding of the pathways than deterministic simulators because they capture behavior at a molecular level. Our research employs a parallel discrete event simulation simulator, Neuron Time Warp (NTW), which is intended for use for the simulation of neurons. In previous work we built a discrete event Ca2+ wave model. However, we did not achieve the expected performance because of an imbalance in the computation between the area of the neuron covered by the Ca2+ wave and the remaining area of the neuron. In this paper we describe a dynamic load balancing algorithm and a dynamic window control algorithm for NTW. We make use of Q-learning to determine the basic parameters of the algorithm. Using this algorithm we obtained an improvement in the performance of the simulator of up to 30%.


The radiation scheme in the Met Office Unified Model (UM) is extended to allow the calculation of short‐wave radiances. Comparisons between short‐wave reflectances simulated with the global forecasting configuration of the UM and observations from SEVIRI (Spin Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager) on board Meteosat 8 are presented. One of the main purposes for such a comparison is model validation, since it allows us to directly compare model and satellite reflectances, without having to make use of retrieval systems. Eliminating the retrieval algorithm has the advantage that we can be certain that any discrepancies between the modelled and the measured radiances are due to inaccuracies in the model, rather than differences in the assumptions made both in the model and the retrieval algorithm. In principle, this should allow us to detect weaknesses in the model parametrizations.


In the Homeric Poems οὕτω(ς) is usually employed as a Manner adverb which may play the role of complement of the predicate, modifier of a complement or predicate in copulative clauses. However, in some occasions, οὕτω(ς) can be interpreted as a discourse marker. This paper focuses on the analysis of οὕτω(ς) in Homer and attempts to explain how its employment as a discourse marker evolves from its uses as a prototypical adverb.


OBJECTIVE
To compare the time required for evaluation, the diagnostic accuracy and quality of conventional glass slide smears vs. ThinPrep smears in 365 women.

STUDY DESIGN
Both smears were obtained at the same time using the Accellon Combi cervical biosampler. Histology served as the diagnostic "gold standard."

RESULTS
The average screening time was 1 minute, 23 seconds, shorter per smear with the ThinPrep method as compared to the conventional glass slide (P < .001). Direct diagnostic agreement between the two smear methods was obtained in 311 of 364 evaluable smears (85.4%, kappa = .63). Despite the relatively high rate of "adequate but limited by absence of transformation zone components" observed with the ThinPrep method, the sensitivity and specificity of the ThinPrep method was slightly greater but not statistically significantly different than the conventional technique, irrespective of the disease categories (low and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and invasive cancer).

CONCLUSION
The shorter time required to screen ThinPrep smears compared to conventional smears in this study was not sufficiently important to offset the current unit price for preparing ThinPrep smears.


Objectives: We evaluated the body mass index (BMI) cutoffs for predicting metabolic syndrome and the association between waist circumference and metabolic factor accumulation in the employees in a hospital of middle Taiwan. Methods: We collected data of 886 Taiwanese, who worked in a medical center in middle Taiwan, including 262 men and 624 women, aged 39-63 years (with a mean age of 47.7±5.7 years in men, women 44.4±4 years in women). A BMI cutoff point as a predictor for 3 or more criterion of metabolic syndrome was evaluated by sensitivity/specificity and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. In addition to, we analyzed the association between waist circumference cutoff point and other metabolic risk factor accumulation. Conclusion: We evaluated BMI and waist circumference for predicting metabolic risk factors in the employees in a medical center in middle Taiwan. The result may offer a reference for the primary physician in screening metabolic risk for the middle-aged population in Taiwan. Results: The optimal point was estimated as being 25.6kg/m^2 of BMI in men and 24.7kg/m^2 in women for predicting metabolic syndrome. A waist circumference cutoff 83cm in men and 74.5cm in women was an optimal value for predicting metabolic risk factor accumulation.


The rapidly increasing number of available PubMed documents calls the need for an automatic approach in the identification and normalization of disease mentions in order to increase the precision and effectivity of information retrieval. We herein describe our team's participation for the Disease Named Entity Recognition and Normalization subtask under the chemical-disease relations track of the BioCreative V shared task. We developed a CRF-based model using BIESO tagging format to allow automated recognition of disease entities in PubMed abstracts. Recognized disease entities were normalized to MeSH concepts using a dictionary look-up method based on Lucene. Performance is reported using precision, recall and F-measure on three separate runs. Our best run achieved F-measure of 80.74% on disease mention recognition and 67.85 % on disease normalization.


Three dimensional (3D) FE models have been developed for simulation of the incremental forming processes employed in UOE linepipe manufacturing at Tata Steel Hartlepool 42" Pipe Mill, namely edge crimping (C-press) and pipe expansion (expander). Transitional zone behaviour resulted from both forming operations as previously identified in practice has been revealed, for the first time, by the 3D FE simulations and preliminarily analysed. It was demonstrated that the transitional zone features observed in both edge crimping and pipe expansion were initiated in the plate/pipe feed-in side/area of the dies, and then formed within the working length/face of the forming dies. Detailed examination and analysis of the FE results, in terms of plastic strain and residual stress patterns as well as contact pressure distributions, have shown that the initiation of the transitional zone features was due to the redundant plastic deformation caused by (cantilever) bending in the material feed-in area of the dies mainly along the longitudinal direction. It is therefore believed that minimisation/elimination of such redundant plastic bending effect in the longitudinal direction would lead to minimisation/elimination of the unfavourable deformation features in the so-called transitional zones, which could be achieved through improved die designs and possibly forming process parameter settings.


This study clarifies how power generation capacity and composition affect to economic growth with dynamic national economic model. To simulate it, a dynamic evaluation model is built up with considering power generation portfolio. The model is based on CGE model which seeks equilibrium of market by change of power generation facility composition, and time series variation of real GDP and electricity price are simulated in Bangladesh case. In result, it is simulated that capacity of power generation has critical impact on economic growth. Therefore, the effective investment to promote economic growth is, investing to low cost technology during the constraint of power generation capacity exists, and after enough capacity acquired, shifting to renewable energy.


This paper introduces the collocation and process of LIS in our hospital.The use of LIS has realized the electronization of laboratory information and automation of laboratory information management.Doctors can inquire about the laboratory results of patients conveniently.


The water into the pond in infrastructure construction is an important part of urban water supply,is a major source of tanggu district.Founded in 1984,when technology,capital,equipment,plus perennial aging neglect,makes pumping increasing economic benefits,energy,cannot guarantee operation safety and social economic development needs.Based on the analysis of the status of the pond,pump pumping economic operation after renewal after management and optimization.


Formats to handle knowledge of innovative organizations may prove to be complex, as such is assumed to be one of the main variables whilst a distinguishing factor of such organizations to survive within a marketplace. Their main asset is the knowledge of certain highly motivated individuals that appear to share a common vision for the continuity of the organization. Satellite technology is a good example of that. From early pioneers to modern day mini/micro satellites and nanotechnologies, one can see a large amount of risk at every stage in the development of a satellite technology, from inception to design phase, from design to delivery, from lessons learnt from failures to those learnt from successes, and from revisions to design and development of successful satellites. In their groundbreaking book The Knowledge Creating Company (1995), Nonaka et al laid out a model of how organisational knowledge is created through four conversion processes, being from: tacit to explicit (externalisation), explicit to tacit (internalisation), tacit to tacit (socialisation), and explicit to explicit (combination). Key to this model is the authors' assertion that none are individually sufficient. All must be present to fuel one another. However, such knowledge creation and diffusion was thought to have manifested and only applied within large organizations and conglomerates. Observational (questionnaire-based) and systematic (corpus-based) studies – through case study elicitation experiments and analysis of specialist text, can support research in knowledge management. Organizations that manufacture, use, and maintain satellites depend on a continuous exchange of ideas, criticisms, and congratulations. One can regard such organisations from NASA to SSTL as amongst a class of knowledgebased organizations. Through selective use of the previously stated approaches, and concise reporting for the purposes of this paper we are to show how knowledge flows in a finite organisational setting and could be modelled by specialist text. 1 KNOWLEDGE DIFFUSION IN SPECIALIST DOMAIN In order to investigate the gap in knowledge diffusion within an organization we did carry an observational study, within an SME (Small to Medium Enterprise) in satellite manufacturing, a specialist domain. Inline with a study of the language used in satellite engineering in general, and that stemming from SSTL (Surrey Satellite Technology Limited) and Surrey Space Centre in particular. Both studies have an empirical basis. The observational study (mainly questionnaire-based) was designed to ask questions related to knowledge diffusion within the company and was initially based on Liebowitz (Liebowitz, 2000). The questionnairebased studies were not based on intuitions on how knowledge is managed, rather based on a set of empirical questions, partitioned under five sections namely: 1Awareness and Commitment 2External Environment 3Information Technology 4Knowledge Maintenance and Protection 5Organizational Issues We have investigated the diffusion of knowledge within SSTL, based on the practice within SSTL, as articulated through the questionnaire. There were two sets of questionnaire-based observations. The pilot study was conducted with managers and whereas the second run of the questionnaire was intranet-based, and more widespread. SSTL, is a small knowledge-based organization, for minimalism, a knowledge based organisation is one where knowledge is being the dependent input


P-rich InP melt were synthesized in a high pressure puller by in-situ injection technique,the Fe doped and S doped InP crystals were grown by liquid encapsulated Czochraski( LEC) method. The uniformity of differently doped InP wafer samples were investigated by high-resolution X-ray diffraction, rapid photoluminescence mapping, scanning electron microscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,respectively. The experimental results indicate that there are irregular pores existed in the P-rich LEC grown InP ingots. These pores induced the inhomogeneity of the crystal quality and lattice constant. The uniformity of the dopant distribution across the wafer is influenced by these pores. The high concentration of defects surrounded the pores causes the increase of impurity concentration for that region.


Photograph of workers in the Bravo Smokes factory. Four women stand on the left side of a table piled with leaves, and another woman and two men stand on the right side.


The invention relates to a method for designing a non-overload vortex pump impeller with edge folding blades. In the method, the main geometric parameters of the blades such as external diameter, outlet width, outlet angle, wrap angle and folding edge width are given. The impeller designed by the invention not only can improve the flow condition in the volute and improve the lift and the efficiency of the vortex pump, but also meet the non-overload requirement of the vortex pump, thus reducing the capacity of the matching motor, lowering the investment and saving the energy.


Due to the complexity of the engineering problems, it is difficult to obtain the stress field around the crack tip directly by theoretical derivation. In this paper, the hybrid method is employed to calculate full-field stress around the crack tip in uni-axially loaded finite width tensile plate, using the displacement data of given points calculated by finite element method work as input data of complex variable formulations involving conformal mappings and analytical continuity. In order to accurately compare calculated fringes with experimental ones, both actual and regenerated photoelastic fringe patterns are two times multiplied and sharpened by digital image processing. Regenerated fringes by hybrid method are quite comparable to actual fringes. The experimental results indicate that Mode I stress intensity factor analyzed by the hybrid method are accurate within a few percent compared with ones obtained by empirical equation and finite element analysis.


Summary form only given. Conventional compression techniques exploit general redundancy features in data to compress them. For example, Huffman or Lempel-Ziv techniques compresses data by statistical modeling or string matching while the Burrows-Wheeler Transform simply sorts data by context to improve compressibility. On the other hand, data can often be compressed better by exploiting their specific features. For example, columns or fields in a database table tend to be sparse, but not rows. Techniques have been developed to either group related table columns or compute dependency among them to transform data and enhance compressibility. The Vcodex data transformation platform provides a framework to develop and use such data transforms. That is, it treats compression techniques as invertible data transforms that can be composed together for specific tasks. In this way, data transformation remains general and can include techniques for encryption and others.


Double-sided brush scrubbing has become a dominant method for post-CMP
 cleaning applications. Chemicals delivered in-situ with brush scrubbing
 greatly enhance the cleaning capabilities. In this paper, the effect of
 dilute HF on reducing particulate defects and trace metal contamination on
 polished oxide surface is studied using a HF-compatible double-sided
 scrubber. AFM data on the interaction of dilute HF with oxide / tungsten
 plug array after tungsten CMP is also presented. Scrubbing with dilute HF is
 shown to be highly effective is removing slurry agglomerates that strongly
 adhere to the post-CMP oxide film.


A polymeric bi-directional wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) coupler for graded-index (GI) plastic optical fiber (PDF) was fabricated and characterized. The device with fiber guides and a filter trench was fabricated by simple one-step soft-lithography process. The insertion loss, the isolation and the directivity of the device at wavelengths of 850 nm and 790 nm was less than 3 dB, more than 20 dB and more than 20 dB respectively by optimally designing the structure. By setting GI-POFs in fiber guides and inserting a WDM filter in a filter trench with passive alignment, bi-directional communication was realized with more than 2.5 Gbps/λ for 150m length.


The radical formed by reduction of 5-bromo-6-oxo-6-phenylhexyl methanesulfonate, an α-bromoketone, with SmI2 was spin trapped with 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of the spin adduct and the adduct formed in the analogous reaction with selectively deuterated substrate identify the radical intermediate in this SmI2 reduction as a carbon-centered radical. This result supports the proposal that the formation of reactive Sm-enolates arises from reduction of the carbon-bromine bond rather than a ketyl radical anion.


The invention discloses application of euphorbia helioscopia in treatment of countryside combined system domestic sewage, belonging to the field of wastewater treatment. Euphorbia helioscopia is planted in the countryside combined system domestic sewage and is fully used for absorbing pollutants of NH4 -N, TN, TP, CODcr and the like in the countryside combined system domestic sewage, and with the perennial characteristic of euphorbia helioscopia, the problem of pollution caused by the countryside combined system domestic sewage is solved permanently. The application of euphorbia helioscopia has the advantages of less investment, low running cost, good effect and simple and feasible operation. The harvested euphorbia helioscopia can also be medically used to mainly treat hydropneumatosis, phlegm retention asthmatic cough, malaria, bacillary dysentery, scrofula, ringworm sores, tuberculous fistula and osteomyelitis. By using the treated wastewater, environmental protection is combined with economic construction, the operation mode that the conventional ecological engineering depends on government investment funds year after year is expected to be changed, and the significance is far-reaching.


Using the Czochralski method, Nd:GdVO4 single crystals have been successfully grown with polycrystalline materials synthesized by a liquid-phase method. Luminescence properties of these crystals are determined. The fluorescence lifetime of 0.52 at% Nd-doped GdVO4 crystal is 150 µs. Nd:GdVO4 crystal exhibits a concentration quenching effect. The Nd:GdVO4 crystal samples with different Nd concentrations were used in laser experiments at 1.34 µm pumped by a high-power laser diode (LD). This is the first time report that a laser with a power of up to 4.64 W at 1.34 µm has been achieved with a slope efficiency of 32.9%.


Localization and intensity of three lysosomal enzymes such as acid phosphatase, β-glucuronidase and N-aceytl-β-glucosaminidase in HeLa cells were examined during the course of cultivation. Acid phosphatase showed the most intense reaction. Localization and intensity of acid phosphatase were varied in different cell groups. Such varieties were classified as Type I to Type IV. Type I indicated young cells wherein stained granules were localized in the Golgi area. Type II indicated young cells with diffusely scattered, stained granules. Type III indicated rounded dying cells, and the whole cell was stained. Type IV indicated cells wherein the enzyme activity was almost negative. The quantitative activity of acid phosphatase was found to be high when young cells, Type I, grew in the earlier stage and when young cells, Type II, increased in the intermediate stage, and became lower as cells, Type IV, increased in the later stage. Thus, the lysosomal enzyme activity in HeLa cells seemed to consist of two factors; one is the primary lysosomes indicating cellular growth or cellular activity, the other is the secondary lysosomes indicating cellular degradation.


This research looks at the key drivers of demand in the metropolitan areas of London, Barcelona, Madrid, Moscow, New York, Paris, Singapore and Tokyo to understand how their travel patterns have evolved and the magnitude of the transport problems they face. It considers the different policy choices that have been made in the past five years or so, and considers their impact in terms of managing demand using indicators of: modal split; levels of car use; and congestion (using proxy indicators such as vehicle flows and average speeds). A key aspect of the findings is the identification of factors that have contributed to cities' success, such as supportive institutional structures, political will, funding options, and the choice and quality of alternative modes. This contains important lessons for policy makers seeking to implement demand restraint measures in their own cities. Consideration is also given to policies that have not worked and the reasons behind their apparent failure which are often caused of a lack of 'joined-up thinking' between government departments. This work is part of a larger study for the Commission for Integrated Transport which uses statistical benchmarking and case studies to examine the strategies and performance of 14 cities in meeting the transport needs of their communities and in managing traffic growth. For the covering abstract please see ITRD E135207.


Here are the results of photodynamic therapy with photolon and 5-aminolevulinic acid in 44 patients with pre-invasive and cancer vulva. High efficacy of the method allows to make a conclusion about benefits of PDT in the treatment of patients with vulvar pathology.


Methods: Thirty-six cases of normal prostate and benign prostatic hyperplasia, and 8 cases of prostatic tumor, were used in this study from the Shandong University, Shandong, China, between 2003-2006. The protein expressions of M1, M2, and M3 receptors in each group were determined by Western-blotting. The gene expressions of the M3 receptor and vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) in each group were determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.


For remote deployment of unmanned/autonomous underwater vehicles that, for reasons of size, power usage and cost, communicate acoustically in relatively high frequency bands, a backbone underwater acoustic network needs to support multiple frequency bands with the communication streams being able to cross over between bands as required. This paper presents results of successful field experiments with a dual-band underwater acoustic network.


home range of Clethrionomys rufocanus was studied by mark and recapture method.The average area of home range is 250.89 m2 in July and 284.21 m2 in September.Areas of home range between male and female and different seasons were significantly different and home range had a phenomenon of cluster distribution.The relationships between the standard of range dots and mortality of the rodent in rodent pest control were analysed combining the area of home range and active distance.


Two-port acoustic wave sensors have been fabricated which utilize shear horizontal (SH) acoustic plate modes (APMs) to probe a solid-liquid interface. These modes are excited and detected by interdigital transducers on thinned ST-quartz plates. The APMs propagate efficiently with liquid contacting the device and allow sensing to be performed on the side of the device opposite the transducers. The mass sensitivity of the APM device enables it to function as a microbalance in a number of sensing applications. A chemical sensor capable of detecting low concentrations of Cu/sup 2+/ ions in solution has been constructed by chemically modifying the device surface with ethylene diamine ligands capable of binding ions from solution. This binding can be reversed by the addition of acid to the solution.<<ETX>>


Citizens' participation became quite common in municipal settings in Germany in the recent years. If the registration and identification methods used are examined, nearly each participation process relies on the possession of a simple email-address as a sole requirement. More secure methods, like introduced by the eIDAS-regulation and the Revised Payment Services Directive (PSD2) and hence commonly available, are totally neglected. The paper analyzes different types of citizens' participation, derives the theoretical minimum requirements for proof of the identity of the participants and provides insights collected from interviews with organizers of participation processes. It concludes with recommendations which will hopefully lead to a more sustainable and resilient e-participation for the future.


OBJECTIVE
To analyse the status of vitamin D and the influence of a supplement of vitamin D in neonates and infants during the first 6 months of life in the african equatorial environnement of Gabon.

DESIGN
Clinical (weight, height, head circumference, and diseases) and biological (calcemia, phosphatemia, serum alkaline phosphatase activity and plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels) parameters were compared between 2 groups of children: group 1: 41 infants receving a daily supplement of 1000 IU of vitamin D, and group 2: 38 infants without vitamin D supplement.

RESULTS
No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups concerning clinical and biological parameters. In particular plasma levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were normal and similar in both groups.

CONCLUSION
A vitamin D supplement appears to be useless in 0 to 6 months infants living in Gabon.


There aremany ways in which disputes can arise in the commercial world and there are just as many ways in which they can be resolved. Much as different modes of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) have gained in popularity around the world, there has been growing interest in the combined use of such modes. The Queen Mary University of London and White & Case LLP 2018 International Arbitration Survey observes that 'there has been a significant increase in the combination of arbitration with ADR'. Nearly half of the participants in the 2018 survey preferred a hybrid approach, as compared to just 35 per cent in the 2015 survey. This is unsurprising in view of the benefits of mediation as a prerequisite to arbitration. An initial mediation allows for a 'cooling off' between the parties, thereby avoiding an escalation of their dispute. It also has a filtering effect. It enables the parties to assess


The present invention aims at limiting the volume of sound from a light source at inital using stage of an alternating current lamp. Light source device, including an alternating current high-pressure mercury lamp having a pair of opposed electrodes within a spherical light-emitting part containing at least 0.15 mg/mm of mercury and 10 [mu]mol/mm to 10 [mu]mol/mm of halogen, and cylindrical hermetically sealed portions extending from both ends of the light-emitting part. External leads protrude from the ends of the light-emitting part. A reflecting mirror has a concave reflecting part surrounding the light-emitting part and a cylindrical neck part. An adhesive fills a periphery one of the hermetically sealed portions in the area of the external leads in a manner fulfilling the relationship L1/R>= 0.5 where L1 (mm) is the length along the hermetically sealed portion filled with an adhesive and R (mm) is the diameter of the hermetically sealed portions. Feed wires are connect to the external leads.


Optimizing comfort of car seats is currently of great importance. Trend in the development and construction of seats shows that not only the safety of passengers, but also mainly on the comfortable cushion layer strong emphasis. Thus recent developments seats is based on systems and optimizing comfort. Mechanical properties of materials, from which car seat is made, therefore, play a major role in the overall assessment of comfort. Comfort layer of rules includes PU materials, fabric and wire. Mechanical properties of PU material, fabric shall be measured experimentally on test equipment. Obtained experimental data are the basis for virtual simulation in FEM. To optimize comfort is important to examine the contact pressure, which can be used to find comfort criteria for comparing the seats.


The Householder QR transformation using rank-1 updates and the transformation using rank-2 updates are both O(N3) with the same cubic coefficient. While the rank-1 implementation has the smaller quadratic coefficient, the rank-2 implementation in practice is the faster algorithm, the amount of speed-up varying with the computer. This speed-up is not purely the result of replacing SAXPY operations with double GAXPY ones.


: Measuring device is a tool for measuring land planning or building, and the measuring device is applicable to a wide range. This paper designs a kind of urban and rural planning measurement device, including detection device main body, drawing side instrument base, fixed bolt and fixed block, said detection device main body is installed at the bottom of the detection device bracket, and the detection device main body is provided with a hydraulic rod, and the hydraulic rod is connected to the top of the support frame, while the support frame is connected to the fixed block through the pin, said fixed block is connected to the limit block through the resistance spring, and the fixed block The top of the fixed block is connected to the driven gear, and the top of the driven gear is connected to the side plotter bracket, and the side plotter bracket is connected to the base of the side plotter through a U-shaped slot. When the drawing side instrument body needs multi-angle drawing, you can rotate the drawing side instrument body by hand, so that the rotating drawing side instrument body rotates between the drawing side instrument bracket and the support frame, so that the drawing side instrument body can rotate freely, so that the drawing side instrument body can be drawn at all angles, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of the staff when drawing. ,


The invention relates to a machining process for novel cooling heating coils used on a large scale device. The process includes the following steps: 1) bending each group of cooling coils; 2) sequentially arranging the groups of bended cooling coils on the horizontal plane; 3) conducting pattern grading and cutting on connection plates between the cooling coils; 4) machining welding grooves of the cooling coils; 5) welding each bended cooling coil and a corresponding connection plate on the horizontal plane by group; 6) determining the circle rolling radius of each group of cooling coils and connection plates; 7) conducting circle rolling on each group of welded cooling coils and connection plates; 8) conducting stress removing setting on the cooling coils and the connection plates; 9) sequentially arranging the cooling coils and the connection plates subjected to circle rolling formation on a support piece; 10) conducting butt welding on the cooling coils and the connection plates sequentially and conducting flaw detection on welding gaps to ensure that the coils are qualified. The process has the advantages of being convenient to manufacture and operate and less in material consumption and not requiring additional manufacture of tools. The quality is easy to control.


Teachers try to introduce chemistry concepts to pupils in a comprehensible way by implementing new active forms of teaching into the traditional type of lessons, in a way that the pupils' active participation in lessons is ensured. One of the active forms of teaching includes a new teaching approach called GALC – Guided Active Learning in Chemistry, which is presented in detail in the thesis. By implementing various work methods during lessons, teachers provide an additional motivation for pupils to learn chemistry. The theoretical part describes the learning of chemistry concepts by connecting three levels (macro, submicro and symbol levels) and lists certain research projects whose authors examined pupils' incorrect and incomplete comprehension of chemistry concepts. This is followed by the description of the differences between traditional lessons and modern active lessons. The empirical part includes the comparison of the results of the tests taken by the pupils in the experimental group with the GALC teaching approach and by the pupils in the control group with traditional lessons. The research involved 118 pupils at two elementary schools in central Slovenia in the school year 2010/2011. After a month, the pupils retook the tests; the results revealed the influence of the new teaching approach on the pupils' comprehension of certain chemistry concepts and the lastingness of their knowledge. Results show that the pupils in the experimental group were more successful compared to the pupils in the control group, both in the first test and the test taken later on. The pupils in the experimental group showed to have a more lasting knowledge of new chemistry concepts than the pupils in the control group. Furthermore, the pupils in the experimental group were more motivated to learn new chemistry concepts than the pupils in the control group who more or less merely passively received new information. At the end of the research, the pupils in both groups completed a questionnaire on their attitude towards chemistry and ways they learn chemistry. The pupils in the experimental group completed another questionnaire on the implementation of the lesson in which they assessed the new GALC teaching approach. Most of the pupils liked it and found it interesting and comprehensible; they also liked having been able to work independently in groups.


The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) is considered the most reliable and commonly used intelligence test. Ηowever, in some cases WAIS it is difficult to administer to clinical populations such as patients with psychosis. The Raven Progressive Matrices (RPM) is an intelligence test which is substantially shorter than the WAIS and its administration is less demanding and stressful for patients with psychosis who display neurocognitive impairments. Furthermore, RPM offers high reliability and validity, while it can be administered individually or in groups, can be re-administered after a short period of time, can be given to subjects independently of educational level, even to those presenting verbal or auditory difficulties, producing results compatible to other more strenuous IQ tests. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there is an association between WAIS Full Scale IQ and RPM in patients with psychosis. Furthermore, we wanted to examine whether there is an association between WAIS-IQ scores, RPM scores, global functioning and psychopathology scores. Patients were recruited from the Vocational Rehabilitation Center of Eginition Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, between January 2010 and December 2013. The sample consisted of 59 male and female patients with psychosis, between 25-59 years of age. The patients followed a psychosocial rehabilitation program, the main goals of which was improvement of quality of life, decrease of negative psychotic symptoms and improvement of general functioning. The program encompasses a series of psychosocial individual and group interventions including psycho-educational interventions to patients and their families, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and social skills training. All subjects were provided with detailed written information about the nature and purpose of the study and gave written informed consent to participate. A stable antipsychotic regimen was an inclusion requirement. The following psychometric instruments were administered to all participants: WAIS, RPM, the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), the Diagnostic Interview for Psychoses (DIP), the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF) and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). A significant correlation was found between WAIS and RPM scores. Furthermore, WAIS-and RPM scores were found to be significantly associated with GAF and PANSS scores. These findings demonstrate that RPM is a useful intelligence test with a handful of advantages for the patient with psychosis, the clinician and the health system.


A cDNA encoding transforming growth factor type alpha (TGFα) was fused to the 5' end of a gene encoding a modified form of Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE), which is devoid of the cell recognition domain (domain Ia). The chimeric molecule, termed TGFα‐PE40, was expressed in Escherichia coli and isolated from the periplasm or inclusion bodies depending on the construction expressed. TGFα‐PE40 was found to be extremely cytotoxic to cells displaying epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors. Comparison with a similar molecule in which TGFa was placed at the carboxyl end of PE40 demonstrated the importance of the position of the cell recognition element; TGFα‐PE40 was found to be about 30‐fold more cytotoxic to cells bearing EGF receptors than PE40‐TGFα. In addition, TGFα‐PE40 was shown to be extremely cytotoxic to a variety of cancer cell lines including liver, ovarian, and colon cancer cell lines, indicating high levels of EGF receptor expression in these cells.—Siegall, C. B.; Xu, Y.‐H.; Chaudhary, V. K.; Adhya, S.; FitzGerald, D.; Pastan, I. Cytotoxic activities of a fusion protein comprised of TGFα and Pseudomonas exotoxin. FASEB J. 3: 2647‐2652; 1989.


Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitic infection of the Central Nervous System caused by Taenia solium. Spinal cysticercosis is an uncommon site of cysticercal infestation & intramedullary involvement is even rarer. 1 We are reporting a rare case of intramedullary cysticercosis in the cervical region in an 11 year old girl who presented with headache & neck stiffness. CT and MRI of the cervical spine done revealed a cystic lesion with mural nodule (scolex) with cord edema in the cervical region. The child underwent treatment with antihelminthic drugs and showed marked clinico-radiological improvement.


This paper tackles the problem of resisting the replay attack in digital rights management (DRM) systems. Commonly used measures rely on continuous online connection from the client to a trusted server or the existence of tamper-proof hardware, such as Trusted Platform Module (TPM). In our work, we create a virtual tamper-proof hardware simulation instead of a real one, and introduce the concept of Placeholder File (PF). The effectiveness of our scheme bases on the change of physical level PF location in the stable storage device. Our scheme focuses on the offline digital content usage, and the primary experiments demonstrate that our scheme is secure enough to be put into practice use.


In the course of the last fifteen years, I have treated with roentgen rays or radium several cases of vernal conjunctivitis. The results with either agent seem to be the same, and the application of the radium to the inner surface of the eyelids is so much less difficult than that of roentgen rays that in the last few years I have used only radium. I have had a great many requests for the technic of using radium in these cases. For that reason, I believe it may be interesting to describe the technic that I have found successful in my cases. The lid to be treated is everted and held in the everted position by clamping lightly with lid forceps, such as are illustrated herewith. The blade next to the eye is of solid heavy metal, so that it prevents the eye itself being reached by an appreciable amount


In order to examine the relationship between ownership structure and firm performance of private companies, this paper selects 283 private companies listed in Two Exchanges in the period from 2008 to 2010. Ownership structure is described in two aspects: ownership concentration and equity properties. First, a new comprehensive performance index is obtained by principal component analysis method based on the financial indexes. Then the paper makes linear regression analysis of that new performance index and ownership structure. Empirical findings suggest that most of the sample companies are controlled by top five shareholders especially the first major shareholders; appropriate ownership concentration may benefit firm performance. Compared to the literature, we find that different from state-owned companies, the proportion of shares held by state or corporate has no significant effects on firm performance of private listed companies; tradable shareholders play almost no governing effect which has no change before or after nontradable shares reform.


The Kerr electro-optic field mapping technique has been used to study space charge effects in high voltage pulsed propylene carbonate (C/sub 4/H/sub 6/O/sub 3/) using stainless steel parallel-plate electrodes. Measurements presented here were taken using a circular polariscope with aligned polarizers at room temperature (T/spl sim/20/spl deg/C) with average initial electric field strengths of E/sub 0//spl sim/52 kV/cm and for measurement times ranging from 10 /spl mu/s to 1 ms. The light intensity pictures were analyzed along a line in the center of the electrode gap. From the light intensity distribution the electric field and space charge were calculated as a function of position and time. The calculated space charge distributions show both positive and negative charge injections from the electrodes as well as bulk charge dissociation.


Incredible city transportation utilizing a safe, comfortable, stable, and efficient smart transportation system with modern arrangements has become a necessity. Currently, the transit busses still run on the open road in mixed traffic, which means the arrival times cannot be anticipated correctly. Furthermore, using the Department of Transportation's Passenger Information System (PIS) and GPS effectively and efficiently provides immediate information about the position of each bus. The PIS monitoring system transmits the accompanying information using the GSM method and continuously provides arrival times to passengers through their smartphones. The PIS screen can be monitored at each bus stop, as well as by the Department of Transportation, to confirm the arrival times for each bus. This is useful for bus users and operators and encourages private vehicle users to switch to mass transit.


Originally published in Contemporary Psychology: APA Review of Books, 1959, Vol 4(9), 288-289. Reviews the book, Children of the Kibbutz by Melford E. Spiro, and Audrey G. Spiro (see record 1958-15074-000). Children of the Kibbutz offers a description of socialization and education in a collective s


Objective An artificial anal sphincter in vitro model was designed and constructed. Methods activity. The model mimicing physiological defecation was established. The rotator pump was acted as the power source. The mixed gas containing 5% CO2 and 95% air was supplied through the venti-lation orifice of the liquid store chamber. The temperature of these components was stabilized by thermo-static water bath. Parameter such as fluid passage, inflation volumes and maximal bowel-restrained pressure of artificial anal sphincter were analyzed. Results There was no leak in the model. When the flow rate of the system was ( 137. 100 ± 10. 279 ) ml/s, the intraluminal pressure was 90 mmHg, suggesting the intralu-minal pressure in the model could be adjusted between 0 and 90 mmHg. And when the artificial anal sphincter was injected with 2 ml water,its pressure reached ( 88. 600±10.490) mmHg. Conclusion The model can meet the need for study of artificial anal sphincter in vitro.

Key words:
Anal sphincter;  Modal;  Design


The specific heat of soybean, determined by the method of mixtures, exhibited linear positive correlation with moisture content in the moisture range from 8.1 to 25% d.b. for the mean temperature of 315 K and can be expressed in the form as Cp=1.444 (1 + 4.06 x 10 -2 M). The specific heat values increased from 1.926 to 2.912 kj/kg-K in the given moisture range. Further, the specific heat values obtained in the present study when compared with the values predicted by the other empirical methods indicated the close approximation of observed and estimated values.


Changes in refractive index and in film thickness caused by synchrotron radiation are studied in a fluorinated polyimide (6FDA/TFDB). The index at 589.6 nm increased by 1.3% and the thickness decreased by 0.69% for 8‐μm‐thick film after 30 min irradiation. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis was performed on the modified surfaces after synchrotron radiation exposure. From the present data the synchrotron radiation leads to production of a fluorine‐poor surface.


In the last 10 or 15 years, however, a rival paradigm of literary criticism has
emerged in the form of empirical studies of literature. Scholars working in this
new paradigm recommend quite a different conception of text, meaning, and
understanding. This change in interest is by no means arbitrary, because it
directly results from the way the research domain of literary criticism is model-
led as well as from the philosophical orientation of this empirical approach.
In what follows we shall first cast a short glance at the special features of
empirical studies of literature (abbreviated as ESL) before we give a condensed
report on how ESL might come to terms with the problem of understanding.


The object-oriented design of software in C++ using class templates presents many advantages. However, testing template based C++ software involves some unique issues not usually faced in testing non-template based software. This paper will describe these testing issues and proposed solutions using an automated testing framework based on Markov chain usage models. The framework is being used to test a library of codes used in computational materials research.


Current Swedish as well as international policy advocates an increase inwomen's business ownership. The reasons center around economic growth:women start businesses at a lower rate than men, and ar ...


Distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks present serious threats to servers in the Internet. We argue that the difference of the goals, manners and results of the interaction behaviors of normal flows and attack flows, which show different characteristics on IP addresses and ports. IAI (IP Address Interaction Feature) algorithm is proposed based on the addresses interaction, abrupt traffic change, addresses many-to-one dissymmetry, distributed source IP addresses and concentrated target addresses. The IAI is designed to describe the essential characteristics of network flow states. Furthermore, a support vector machine (SVM) classifier, which is trained by IAI time series from normal flow and attack flow, is applied to classify the state of current network flows and identify the DDoS attacks. The experiment results show that, IAI can reflect the different characteristics of DDoS attack flows and normal flows; the IAI-based detection scheme can distinguish between normal flows and abnormal flows with DDoS attack flows effectively, and help to identify fast and accurate attack flows when the attacking traffic is hidden among a relatively large volume of normal flows or close to the attacking sources, and it has higher detection and lower false alarm rate compared with related works.


Quality control is one of the important things to maintain the company's reputation in the eyes of consumers. PT. Kimia Farma Tbk is a pharmaceutical company engaged in medicine. At present the product defects that occur in the company still exist beyond the company boundary provisions, which are above the percentage number set by the company, which is equal to 1%. So that the company immediately makes repairs so that there is no waste that harms the company. With good and correct quality control, products will be obtained that can meet consumer desires. One of the tools used to help control quality is to use the Failure Modes and Effects Analysis method (FMEA). The purpose of this study is to analyze the failure modes that cause product defects by using the FMEA method, getting the risk of the biggest production process failure in the value of the RPN (Risk Priority Number), providing proposed improvements for subsequent production. Based on processing with the FMEA method can identify modes of failure that occur in the process making drugs. The mode of potential failure in the process of making drugs consists of 6 types of failures.


IN THE present investigation, during observations of irradiated ameba, Chaos chaos, subjected to roentgen rays or to radon emanations, food vacuole formation, and digestion appear to be in no way inhibited by radiation. With this in mind, cultures of Chaos chaos were stained with weak solutions of neutral red (Koehring, 10) for several days before irradiation. The stained vacuoles and the behavior of newly formed vacuoles were carefully watched for many days after irradiation. No abnormal staining or vacuole behavior was observed, and no abnormal functioning of digestion or of proteolytic enzymes could thus be suspected. Heavy dosages of radiation—up to 10,000 roentgen units delivered in one dose, and 4,225 millicurie-hours of radon—do not prove to be directly harmful to weakly stained or to unstained amebae. The relation of short wave radiation to enzymes in vitro is problematical, with some evidence that irradiated enzymes are partially inactive (Schomer, 21). Reports of irradiation of enzymes in vivo ha...


We present a model for parallel computation on commodity cluster. Our cluster model is targeted as a tool for performance analysis and algorithm design. We abstract the communication event by means of local and remote data movements, and explicitly expose the contention problems by capturing them in our parameters. To validate our model, we compare the prediction accuracy of our model with the Postal model for the popular tree-based broadcast algorithm. Our model provides good prediction accuracy and answers to some performance issues that are missing in existing models. We examine the gather collective operation, in which contention delay dominates its overall execution time. Based on the model, we design a communication schedule for the gather operation that is based on the upper and lower bounds, in which the congestion behavior could be under our control and achieve optimal results by avoiding data loss.


Project Title Open Toll Lanes in a Connected Vehicle Environment: Development of New Pricing Strategies for a Highly Dynamic and Distributed System – Phase II University Old Dominion University (ODU) and University of Maryland (UMD) Principal Investigator(s) Mecit Cetin (ODU), Andrew Collins (ODU), Mike Robinson (ODU), Lei Zhang (UMD) PI(s) Contact Information 135 Kaufman Hall, Norfolk VA, 23529, tel: 757 683 6700, firstname.lastname@example.com, PI(s) and Co-PI(s) Photo(s) Image should be 80width x 120height pixels. Allowed file types: png gif jpg jpeg.


IJr is a fortunate circumstance for the application of the Sphygmograph, as a means of clinical research, that a knowledge of the cause of the several secondary waves of the pulse is not necessary for their practical interpretation. This may be learnt empirically by watching the association of the different forms of pulse-curve with the known conditions of the patients from whom they are obtained. Thus we find that authors who differ totally from each other as to the causation of any particular form of pulse, and even as to the state of circulation which it implies, yet are quite in agreement as to its clinical import, and the prognosis to be derived from it. But it requires much experience of tracings to be able to draw these inferences, and those who have not this are apt to interpret what they see from theory, and thereby easily fall into error. For instance, it has often been supposed that a high sharp primary summit, followed by a sudden fall, is a sign of aortic regurgitation, but this may occur just as much in the pulse of simple excitement. Hence, from the practical point of view, the study of causes is useful, and it is essential for the arriving at general physiological conclusions, such as the determining what is the true state of the circulation in fever, or in Bright's disease, or what is the effect on the vascular system of various drugs. It needs but little study of the literature of the subject to discover that scarcely any two authorities agree together


Stuart Scheingold's The Politics of Rights provided a path-breaking theoretical analysis of what he called the "myth of rights." Scheingold's key insight was that even though rights were a myth, rights ideologies nevertheless left a significant imprint on American politics. The book charted a research agenda that has now been followed by a wide range of sociolegal scholars. Looking across that diverse body scholarship, I find convergence on two points. First, scholars claim that law and legal ideology contribute to processes of legitimation and to political acquiescence. Second, and seemingly in tension with the first, most people do not appear to believe in idealized legal myths and express only qualified commitments to legal ideals. Most scholars have responded to this tension by downplaying evidence that people have doubts about legal ideals, often treating expressions of doubts as evidence of confusion. As a result, scholars still conclude that residual commitments to legal myths help to explain legitimation and acquiescence. Such moves produce accounts of legal myths that are insufficiently attentive to politics and power. Scholars would do better to return to Scheingold's more ambivalent perspective on the politics of rights in order to understand the political consequences of commitments to rights' ideologies.


INTRODUCTION: Perifosine (peri) is an oral, novel synthetic alkylphospholipid, with multiple effects on signal transduction pathways, including inhibition of Akt and activation of JNK. In vitro studies showed that peri induces cytotoxicity in both MM cell lines and patient (pt) MM cells resistant to conventional therapies, and augments dexamethasone (dex) and bortezomib-induced MM cell cytotoxicity ( Hideshima T. et. al. BLOOD 2006 ). In vivo studies showed antitumor activity in a human plasmacytoma mouse model. Here we report the results of a phase II trial of peri, alone and + dex, in pts with relapsed or relapsed / refractory MM. METHODS: Pts received 150 mg of peri daily for a 21 day (d) cycle, and were assessed every cycle by serum- and/or urine-electrophoresis. Eligible pts had symptomatic relapsed or relapsed / refractory MM. Pts were permitted to receive bisphosphonate treatment. Concomitant steroids (prednisone > 10 mg/d), creatinine of > 3.0 mg/dL, and hemoglobin RESULTS: 64 pts (35 M/ 29 F, median age 62, range 38–79) have been treated to date. Median lines of prior treatment was 4 (range 1–11); 32 (50%) pts had relapsed and refractory MM. Prior therapy included dex (95%), thalidomide (89%), bortezomib (73%), lenalidomide (30%) and ASCT (61%). Among 48 pts currently evaluable for response, best response (EBMT criteria) to single agent peri after ≥ 2 cycles was MR in 1 pt, stable disease ( Most common adverse events included nausea (74%, 8% G3); vomiting (61%, 5% G3); diarrhea (65%, 2% G3); fatigue (31%, 2% G3), increased creatinine (51%, 7% G3/4 in the context of PD and light chain nephropathy but reversible) and anemia (63%, 5% G3). 10 pts had G3/4 neutropenia which resolved. Dose reduction was required to 100 mg/d (n=16) or to 50 mg/d (n=4). 9 pts discontinued treatment due to side effects. Attributable toxicities otherwise proved manageable with supportive care and no peripheral neuropathy or DVT seen. CONCLUSION: Perifosine as monotherapy has modest activity, but in combination with dex showed significant activity in pts with relapsed/refractory MM, achieving PR + MR in 38%, and/or stabilization of disease in 47% of evaluable pts to date. It was generally well tolerated, although caution in pts with renal dysfunction is warranted. PK, IHC and gene array studies are ongoing. Other novel studies with peri in combination with bortezomib and with lenalidomide +/−dex are underway.


For the control of silo cleaning robot,such a flexible under actuated system alike,a control algorithm based on fuzzy logic was proposed in the paper.Firstly,the environments and the mechanism of the cleaning robot were presented;then the mechanical changes of the robot in its rotation and the modeling method were briefly introduced as well.To address the issues of under actuated features and variable structure,fuzzy algorithm was adopted,and the modeling process was depicted in detail.Finally,the computer simulations and experiments with the Matlab/Simulink and MSC.ADAMS verified the efficiency of the proposed method on the robot mechanism and its controller.


This article will examine how World Bank policies that influence national healthcare systems have been facilitated through investment alliances between members of the World Bank Group, specifically the International Finance Corporation (IFC) and the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), regional development banks and multinational and national company interests. The data used in this article was gathered from the information and publications available through the websites of the World Bank Group, regional development banks, multinational companies and private equity investors. Some of the loan documents available through the websites of the World Bank Group and regional development banks were consulted. The financial complexity of many of the investments in new healthcare systems provides a challenge for future regulatory systems in healthcare. The involvement of a range of private sector interests in healthcare also poses problems for continued development of health knowledge within publicly funded systems.


A direct and exhaustive method of generating canonic single-amplifier RC oscillators is introduced. Using this method, the 'complete categories' of the bandpass-based single-OTA three- and four-node RC canonic oscillators have been generated. The condition of oscillation of the resulting structures can be adjusted independently of the frequency of oscillation (FO) by the active transconductance parameter of the OTA. All the resulting oscillators enjoy low component counts. Three-node oscillators each contain only capacitors and two resistors, and the four-node oscillators each contain only two capacitors and three resistors. The sensitivities (absolute values) of the FO to the active parameter are zero and the sensitivities to the passive elements are all no greater than 1/2.


ABSTRACT
This study aims to analyses the effect of Phet computer simulation to the students' creativity increasing in Quantum Physics Learning. There were 120 students as the subject in physics education department at the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of State University of Makassar. A pre-test and post-test creativity experimental design was used during which students were randomly assigned into either the experimental or the control group. Interview sheet, observation sheet, and questionnaire were used to obtain quantitative data. The results of the research indicate that there are significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in terms of creativity. Interview result shown that student whose was learned by computer simulation based learning believes that it helped them to improve their creativity in term of quantum subject. The students in the experimental group showed that they prefer to use learning tool namely software and it can help lecturer in teaching quantum physics. These findings support the idea that the students majoring at physics education should be trained in the use of computer simulations to improve their creativity. This puts a responsibility of the educational authorities for the procurement of computer simulation software to be used in teaching physics and other science subjects in University.
KEYWORDS
Students' Creativity, Quantum Physics Learning, Computer Simulation Based Learning
Jurnal International Bereputasi terindeks Scopus, Q3 dengan Nilai Sjr:0,209 International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, Vol. 12, No. 8, Oktober 2017, halaman 349-358


For too long defending practice has been presented as a necessary evil of unimaginative drills that provide players with little reward. This book contains exercises and small games designed to inspire players to become better defenders both tactical and technically in a fun and competitive training environment. The games are set up to re-create the unpredictability of actual match play. Players are more involved in the practice and can develop the skills to deal with ever-changing situations on the pitch.


Trauma is the third commonest cause of death and penetrating neck injuries comprises of 5%-10% of all trauma cases. All penetrating neck injures are potentially dangerous and require emergency treatment. Sharp metallic foreign bodies embedded in the tissues also pose a potential risk of injury for the surgeons. We report two cases of penetrating neck injury caused by broken metallic fragments along with a review of literature.


Thin films of the superconducting compound niobium nitride were deposited at atmospheric pressure on fused silica substrates by reaction of gaseous niobium pentachloride with ammonia and hydrogen gases in a fused silica apparatus. Suitable conditions for the preparation of NbN were found by calculating the free energies of reaction for several possible reactions involving niobium chlorides, ammonia, and hydrogen. Niobium nitride films could be formed at substrate temperature ranging from 900°–1000°C. The deposition rate varied with the reaction conditions from 20 to 1500 A/sec, and deposits ranged from smooth films of polycrystals in which the individual crystal faces were 20 μ in length. The x-ray diffraction data for the NbN films deposited at 1000°C revealed face-centered cubic structure with cube edge of about 4.358 A. Niobium nitride films prepared by this method had a wide range of resistivities, temperature coefficients of resistance, and superconducting transition temperatures depending on the dep...


Background: Considering the role of psychological components in the life of patients with cancer, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between mental, existential, and religious well-being and death anxiety in women with breast cancer.
Methods: In this descriptive, correlational study, the statistical population included all women with breast cancer referred to Shahid Rahimi Hospital in Khorramabad in 2017. A sample of 100 patients was selected through convenience sampling and data were collected using Templer's Death Anxiety Scale, the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, and the Spiritual Well-being Scale. For the purpose of data analysis, mean, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression were applied using SPSS 22.
Results: The study findings indicated a significant, negative correlation between mental well-being, existential well-being, and religious well-being and death anxiety in patients with breast cancer (α = 0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, mental, existential, and religious well-being are important contributors to mental health and quality of life of patients with cancer. Therefore, enhancing these components in cancer patients can be introduced as a complementary treatment along with medical treatments in order to improve psychological problems in clinical settings.


The invention discloses a method for quickly acquiring and optimizing exposure parameters in cone-beam CT scan, comprising the following steps that: a part is placed on a revolving table and the thickness of the part required to be passed through by X-rays is the thickest when the part is positioned on a projection azimuth; part type to which the current part belongs is selected, the speed of a detector for acquiring projection pictures is selected, the expected lowest gray value of rays for passing through the part is set, and exposure optimization mode is selected; according to the above arrangements, exposure parameters are searched, if a set of current and voltage combination parameters meeting exposure requirements are obtained, the scan is finished; if a set of current and voltage combination parameters meeting exposure requirements are not obtained, which indicates that the currently used cone-beam CT system can not expose the part as required, the whole scan is stopped at once. The method for quickly acquiring and optimizing exposure parameters in cone-beam CT scan can obviously reduce the time necessary for acquiring exposure parameters of the cone-beam CT system, allow the acquired exposure parameters to achieve certain optimization effect and reduce and even eliminate the dependency of the cone-beam CT scan on professional technical experience of operators.


Epistemic Uncertainty, Subjective Probability, and Ancient History Periods from which few data survive pose a major challenge for history in the quantitative mode. Many important historical quantities can be estimated only on the basis of sparse and disparate information. For example, we do not have any census data for the population of the Roman Empire as a whole. Yet we are hardly in a position of complete ignorance. Scattered information, both quantitative and qualitative, allows us to reason in terms of likelihood. The methodological question is how to report our inevitably uncertain and subjective conclusions. Ancient historians tend to frame their debate in terms of point estimates, disputing whether 54 million or 45 million is a better estimate of the population of the Roman Empire in 14 C.E. Estimates of this type are hard to interpret since they convey no information about the margin of error, which is often large and sometimes asymmetrical. Historians may resort to ranges as a concession to uncertainty, but their ranges tend to be arbitrary rather than grounded in any measure of confidence or credibility. They signal the existence of uncertainty without offering any real guidance regarding its magnitude. The problem of uncertainty becomes particularly acute when historians combine estimates for multiple quantities. Highly uncertain quantities are often estimated on the basis of other quantities about which we have better (if still limited) knowledge. For example, Roman GDP has been modeled as a function of total population and average per capita consumption. Since these numbers


This work examines the effects on investment theory of introducing learning by doing externalities in adjustment costs. The analysis shows that the long run equilibrium of the economy, which was represented in the traditional formulation by a steady state, becomes, in this new framework, a balanced growth path where capital and investment grow at the same constant rate. It is shown that this result is due to the fact that, while in the traditional model the marginal opportunity cost of capital replacement is increasing in the capital stock, in this new context it is constant.


AbstractDysfunction of the sacroiliac joint is far more common than has been suspected and may mimic disc disease or give the impression of a multifactorial etiology. Details of the anatomy, biomechanics and pathomechanics are presented enabling clinicians to better understand the function of the sacroiliac joint in different postures and during locomotion. The clinical assessment of sacroiliac dysfunction is presented and suggested treatment techniques are discussed.


This paper firstly analyses the water - saving rate when the air cooling system be used on the nuclear power station, then by analyses the sorts and characteristics of air cooling system applied on the conventional fossil power units,an usable one is proposed,the adaptability of the nuclear reactor and the problems which may happen when the units are running under this situation are discussed.This paper lays the foundation for the follow up further study.


We describe a MPEG-7 Meta-Data enhanced Audio-Visual Encoder system that targets DVD recorders. We extract features in the compressed domain with both video and audio, which allows us to add the meta-data extraction without altering the hardware architecture of the encoder core. Our feature extraction algorithms are simple, and thus implementable through a simple combination of software and hardware on the integrated DVD chip. The primary application of the meta-data is video summarization, which enables rapid browsing of stored video by the end user. The simplicity of our summarization and feature extraction algorithms enables incorporation of the powerful functionality of smart content navigation through content summarization, into the DVD recorder at a low cost.


public opinion" and anchors his research firmly in the tradition of Black (1961), Bickel (1957), and others who have argued for a legitimizing role for the Court. Marshall compares 18 decisions of the Supreme Court from the mid-1930s through the present with the aggregate results of polls taken before and after the decisions. Polls shifted as a result of the 18 decisions; but overall, Marshall reports little evidence of a consistent direction to change. Over 15 years ago, Adamany made a strong empirical case against the existence of a legitimizing role for the Supreme Court. Marshall's results seem to confirm Adamany's (and others') argument.


Oxygen-related centres in silicon containing the acceptors boron, aluminium, gallium or indium, were studied by photoluminescence. Only the O band showed a dependence on the kind of acceptor. In acceptor-implanted material the formation of the P luminescence was enhanced and a new photoluminescence line was observed at 1.117 eV, which was attributed to a boron-oxygen complex.


CONTEXT
Our pediatric diabetes center initiated insulin pump therapy for more than 250 patients with type 1 diabetes in 2014, but onboarding was inefficient.

OBJECTIVE
To decrease time from the decision to initiate pump therapy to the ambulatory encounter after pump start (lead time) for new pump users from 132.5 days to less than 110 days within 5 months.

DESIGN
Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control method. We identified key problems: Long wait for training classes, unclear metrics, complicated scheduling, and nonstandardized processes. We then implemented 17 changes, including shortened classes, increased class offerings and space, clarified metrics, built a reporting dashboard, designated and cross-trained staff, created appeals letter templates, and educated clinicians. At project conclusion, we established a reaction plan if the processes were not performing as designed.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Outcomes of pump orders placed before and after improvements were implemented.

RESULTS
During this project, 229 patients initiated the pump start process. Median lead time decreased from 132.5 to 98.5 days (p = 0.007). Patients with lead time under 110 days increased from 37% to 60% (p = 0.001). There were 31 pump nonstarters, with no significant association between group and whether the patient was a starter or nonstarter (p = 0.58). Nonstarters had a longer diabetes duration (median = 3.43 vs 2.05 years, p = 0.001).

CONCLUSION
Project goals were met. A high proportion of patients not starting pump therapy was discovered, but this was not affected by the project. We implemented further changes and a process-monitoring system.


Semiconductor/polymer nanocomposites are of increasing importance with their tunable properties being used as dielectric materials. This thesis focused on cadmium sulfide (CdS)/polymer nanocomposites. CdS has been combined with three polymer matrices, i.e. poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) [P(S-DVB)], poly(methacrylic acid-ethyleneglycoldimethacrylic acid) [P(MAA-EGDMA)] and sulfonated poly(styrene-divinylbenzene) [SO3H-P(S-DVB)]. CdS/P(S-DVB) nanocomposite was synthesized by in-situ polymerization in a miniemulsion system using monomer as oil-phase. CdS/P(MAA-EGDMA) nanocomposite has been synthesized by ion exchange and precipitation processes. While, the CdS/SO3-P(S-DVB) nanocomposite has been prepared by sulfonation, ion exchange and precipitation. Agglomerated nanoclusters of CdS were obtained from the above in-situ preparation methods. The structure-dielectric property relationship of the nanocomposites is elucidated by various techniques such as UV – Vis, FTIR, UV-Vis DR, TEM, SEM, XRD, impedance analyzer, AAS, EDX, thermal conductivity analyzer and thermogravimetric analysis. Dielectric properties of the CdS/polymer nanocomposites have been studied at frequencies of 0.1 – 1,000 kHz. The decrease in dielectric constant was found in CdS/SO3H-P(S-DVB) nanocomposite. Considering that the SO3H-P(S-DVB) has very high dielectric constant due to its proton mobility, the replacement of the proton of SO3H-P(S-DVB) with the CdS particles caused the decrease in dielectric constant of the nanocomposite. Interestingly, an increase in the dielectric constant was also observed in CdS/P(S-DVB) and CdS/P(MAA-EGDMA) nanocomposites compared to that of CdS nanoparticles or pure polymers. It is also demonstrated that the unusual enhancement of dielectric constant of CdS/P(MAAEGDMA) depended on the concentration of CdS nanoparticles. The occurrence of strong interfacial interaction between CdS nanoparticles with P(MAA-EGDMA) polymer has been proved by FTIR spectra. One explains that an increase in dielectric constant is due to the increase of interfacial interaction among CdS nanoparticles and also CdS nanoparticles with polymer. These interactions increase the mobility of charge carriers and polarizability of electron. Based on the results of this study, it can be suggested that dielectric properties of CdS/polymer nanocomposites can be explained by the following unique properties i.e. nanosize of CdS particles, semiconductor property of CdS, the interfacial interaction between CdS nanoparticles and polymer and intrinsic properties of polymer. These conclusions lay the foundation for developing new synthetic strategies for designing new dielectric materials by varying the size, concentration and distribution of CdS nanoclusters in various polymer matrices.


The former information literacy understanding is mainly based on the social environment need,the subject-oriented understanding has been being ignored,but any single understanding direction is not perfect,for the reason,the synthetic understanding direction is put forward in these paper,as these view,the content of information literacy is as follows: information knowledge level and information action ability, information assessment,analysis and use ability,information morality,information emotion and information consciousness.In the end, this paper thinks that the ability of the information assessment and analysis should be emphasized,and the analysis method of whole relevance is also advanced.


Depending of indication, malocclusion in mixed dentition can be treated by removable or fixed orthodontic appliances. Malpositions of permanent incisors are successfully treated with 2x4 orthodontic appliance representing economical, safer and simple solution for contemporary general dentists, paedodontists and orthodontists.


Quantum computers have recently headlined IBM's next generation of products promoting computational evolution. After the successful launch of the cloud-streaming quantum computer IBM Watson Q, the company has released projections for future development of quantum devices (Fortune Magazine, 2019). Due to the processing power of these machines and the expected integration into everyday life in the near future, these devices will have a substantial impact on the Virginia healthcare field. I am studying cloud-based quantum computers with natural language processing (NLP) algorithms and patient health record data. My goal is to understand automated, evidenced-based co-optimized treatment of geriatric patients in order to help my reader understand healthcare-centered quantum computer integration in Virginia. I have reviewed academic journals, articles, and reports, some retrieved from medical databases, such as PubMed, to extrapolate the expected use of quantum computers in geriatric healthcare. Exploratory inquiries into these databases included quantum computers, algorithm design, rural and urban healthcare, ethical implications, body-technology monitoring, co-optimized treatment, diabetic glucose polymers, geriatric comorbidities, and expert opinion. Utilizing these sources, I have conducted an academic review of the above research problem. better understand CDSS integration in Virginia were analyzed. I have concluded a cloud-based cognitive computing, quantum computer powered multi-health system design that uses natural language processing and mass health data collection has the potential to enhance geriatric patient treatment in Virginia in the near future.


Some years ago, Wittig 1 pointed out that ate-complexes are characterized by anionic activation of the substituents attached to the central atom. The behavior of these compounds thus contrasts with that of the onium-complexes2 studied by Meerwein, which are characterized by cationic activation of the ligands. These two types of complexes form together two complementary aspects of organic coordination chemistry3 .


Much of this book consists of a detailed description of the Whitley system as it functions within the British National Health Service. The first of its six chapters is an account of the evolution of the Whitley system, and the second is a detailed report of the impact of nationalization upon the operation of this system during the period 1948-54. These two chapters and the fifth, which considers some proposed reforms of the Whitley machinery, comprise about twothirds of the book. The discussion of this material appears judicious and painstaking. However, it is so enshrouded in details that the non-specialist is not likely to find it rewarding. The remaining chapters (iii, iv, and vi) deal with wage policy and its implications. Money wages are determined by collective bargaining between staff (i.e., employee) and managment representatives in the shadow of what is, de facto, compulsory arbitration. Twenty-six out of the fifty-three "major" wage settlements (from 1948 to 1955) came through arbitration, and the authors judge that this understates the influence of arbitral procedures. The tendency to have recourse to tribunals is rooted in the desire of public authorities to avoid responsibility for raising operating costs; it is easier for them in negotiations with the Treasury if they can show that wage increases were imposed by an external authority rather than by their own actions. Indeed, it appears that the need for clearing wage increases with the Treasury has been a very serious impediment to effective collective bargaining. This was especially so during intervals when the government was attempting to hold the line on wage increases. As the authors indicate, all the usual "criteria" for wage-setting (e.g., relativities, cost-of-living adjustments, need for eliminating shortages) have been used to rationalize wage demands or awards on one occasion or another, but none has been consistently followed. Chapter iii discusses the record of wages in the Health Service during the period July, 1948-DEecember, 1954. The authors conclude that nurses' wages rose more than either the cost of living or the index of general wage rates and that those of ancillary staffs (roughly domestic service) kept pace with living costs but that wages of other employees rose less than the national average during this period. However, the authors do not ask why these relative changes occurred. Specifically, they do not attempt to see if the failure of wages in Health Service to keep up with wages elsewhere (with the aforementioned exceptions) was due to an initial disequilibrium in favor of health service employees, whether it accompanied a relative deterioration of personnel in Health Service or whether yet other factors were involved.' Chapter vi considers the "Lessons for a National Wage Policy." The authors conclude that "those who would form a careful judgment on the possibility and desirability of a national wage policy in Britain can gain some relevant information from a study of the Health Service, but most of their evidence must come from other sources." I am not quite sure what "relevant information" the authors have in mind, but the general negative intention of the statement is beyond cavil. In short, the authors have presented a considerable amount of descriptive material on wage policy in the Health Service. Insofar as I can appraise it, this task has been performed competently. Unfortunately, their discussion of the implications of this material is not very searching, and in consequence the book does not greatly advance the study of wage policy.


Abstract Land use (LU) or land cover (LC) is a critical factor dictating the amount of available water in runoff and groundwater. LU/LC Land use (LU) or land cover (LC) is a critical factor which can determine amount of available water in runoff and groundwater. In this study future effect of LU/LC change on stream flow in Nekarood watershed is investigated by Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Land use maps (1986–2016) based on Landsat TM and ETM+ satellite imagery are used. Furthermore, land use projection is performed by CA-Markov for the future period of 2016–2030. According to the results, agriculture and residential land use are increased by 40%, 28%, 38% and 31% respectively, and forest area is reduced by 12% and 6% during 1986–2001 and 2001–2016, respectively. Moreover, land use projection results showed that from 2016 to 2030 forest area will decrease by 6%, residential areas and agricultural will increase by 34% and 19%, respectively.


Proposed by the authors compact optoelectronic implementation of a spiking neural network uses a matrix of semiconductor lasers. Also proposed the implementation of neural element on bispin-device, which is able to manage bya range of lasers in the array. Described the principles of the network in the training and operation mode. To modify the connections weights during the training mode used the optically controlled transparant with memory. Network parameters evaluated achievable with current technological capabilities.