Currently, crystalline and polycrystalline silicon wafer based solar cells dominate the photovoltaic market, which employs expensive manufacturing processes. Zinc oxide is one among the inexpensive alternatives for acting as emitter/anti-reflection coating layer which can be used in combination with widely available p-type silicon. Hence it becomes essential to gain in-depth knowledge about the charge transport mechanisms involved in the n-type ZnO/p-type silicon (Si) heterojunction devices. Therefore, Si/ZnO solar cell is modeled and the carrier transport mechanisms are carefully examined by analyzing the band edge discontinuities, electric field distributions at the Si/ZnO interface, carrier generation-recombination profile for varying ZnO thickness, carrier density and affinity values. The photo- generation rate degrades with the increase in ZnO emitter thickness owing to increased absorption in the blue region and is independent of ZnO affinity and donor concentration. The cliff like configuration with high conduction band discontinuity at the Si/ZnO interface for higher values of ZnO affinity has resulted in the formation of poor electric field and the lattice mismatch resulting in high defects formation (recombination centers) at Si/ZnO interface are the predominant causes for deficit in open circuit voltage and fill factor. Hence the conduction band offset alignment is further engineered by designing Si/MgZnO solar cell model and Mg doped ZnO emitter has significantly improved the band offset alignment at the p-n heterojunction when compared to ZnO emitter. Moreover, the simulation results revealed that the stronger electric field strength developed at the heterojunction is suggested to favor the carrier separation process by drift motion thereby improving the open circuit voltage and fill factor of the device. As a next step, both the models are optimized for varying emitter parameters like thickness, carrier density etc using Silvaco ATLAS simulator. Based on this investigation, the optimized Si/ZnO and Si/MgZnO designs anticipate improved conversion efficiencies of 11.57% and 14.46% respectively.


The so-called 'infinitesimal' strain tensor is shown to be a valid finite strain tensor for all symmetric deformations (which involve no rotation). Comparison with a similar result for the triangular matrix of the Voigt strain parameters shows that either description is valid for arbitrary six-parameter deformations of invariant algebraic form.


Air pollution is one of the serious problems faced by the people globally due to its transboundary dispersion of pollutants over the entire world. Plants responses towards air pollution are assessed by air pollution tolerance index (APTI) value. Present study was conducted for evaluating Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) value of three plant species i.e., Annona squamosa, Ficus racemosa, Santalum album growing in Madri Industrial area of Udaipur. Four physiological and biochemical parameters which are relative water content, leaf pH, Ascorbic acid, and total chlorophyll were used to compute the APTI. The plant species having higher APTI value can be given priority for plantation program in urbanize and industrial areas; so as to reduce the effects of air pollution and to make ambient atmosphere clean and healthy.


Submitted for the MAR11 Meeting of The American Physical Society Stability and Properties of the Polaron Condensate in a Strongly Interacting Boson-Fermion Mixture ZENG-QIANG YU, SHIZHONG ZHANG, HUI ZHAI, Institute for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University, China — In this work we study dilute bosons embedded in a single component Fermi sea across a bosonfermion wide Feshbach resonance using a single channel model. The ground state is a condensation of bosonic polarons, and its stability requires that the interaction strength between bosons exceeds a critical value, which is a universal number at boson-fermion resonance and exhibits a maximum in unitary regime. We calculate the condensate fraction and sound velocity across resonance. The transition from polaron condensate to molecular Fermi gas is also discussed. Zeng-Qiang Yu Institute for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China Date submitted: 18 Nov 2010 Electronic form version 1.4


The features characterizing the Prosecutor's office as a subsystem of the state power of the Russian Federation, including its creation on the basis of the Federal law, regulation by the legislation of specific power functions and powers of Prosecutor's office, independence and independence and others, and also historical aspects of functioning of the Russian Prosecutor's office are investigated.


Recent accounting-related scandals have underscored the prevalence of earnings management in financial markets. This article provides empirical evidence on the motivations for earnings management in publicly listed family companies, highlighting the differences from public nonfamily firms. Basing our predictions on an analysis of the salient characteristics of family firms in both an agency and a stewardship framework, we hypothesize that family firms are less sensitive to income-smoothing motivations than are nonfamily firms, while they are similarly motivated to manage earnings for debt-covenant and leverage-related reasons. We test our hypotheses by looking at a specific accrual, R&D cost capitalization, where statistical tests confirm our hypothesized relationships.


in this paper, the speed control of an induction motor using Four Switch Three Phase Inverter (FSTPI) and Neural Network is proposed. The proposed work has been carried out by the design and implementation of inverter and control circuit. The four switch three phase inverter is used because of low cost, lesser switching losses and reduced complexity of control algorithm and interfacing circuits. The control circuit was developed by designing a three layered feed forward Neural Network estimator which estimates rotor flux, unit vectors and torque by taking voltage and current reference from machine terminals. Based on the Neural Network output and difference between actual peed and set speed, the digital signal controller (dsPIC30F6012A) generates pulse width modulated (PWM) pulses to the power switches of the inverter. The width and frequency of pulses are adjusted such that to maintain the constant v/f ratio of inverter output voltage to achieve the desired speed. The proposed system has been tested with different loads and different speed. The results are tabulated and corresponding graphs are drawn. From the graphs it is observed that, the constant speed has been achieved with variation of load. The neural network controller provides an accurate and faster speed control. Index Terms: Three phase induction motor, FSTPI, PWM, Neural Network, dsPIC30F6012A I. Introduction Induction motors are widely used in industrial and domestic applications due to their simple construction, low cost, high robustness and higher efficiency. In the earlier days the induction motors are used for constant speed applications. With the revolution of high speed power semiconductor devises and progress in the field of power electronics and microcontroller enable the application of Induction motors for high performance variable speed drive. Variable speed of an Induction Motor is achieved by varying magnitude and frequency of a Supply voltage, which can be obtained by Six Switch Three Phase Inverter (SSTPI). But this inverter has the disadvantages such as losses of the six switches, complexity of control algorithm & interface circuit and increased real time computation. In order to overcome these difficulties of the six switch inverter a Four Switch Three Phase Inverter (FSTPI) are developed for variable speed drives. Which can be used for high performance induction motor drive with reduced cost and size as compared to six switch three phase inverter based motor drive (1). The achieving of variable speed of an induction motor drive is a challenging task because of non-linear behavior of the motor speed. In order to overcome this, a new method was developed is known as Artificial Neural Network. This is used for non-linear control system because of its ability of modeling a non- linear system without the requirement of mathematical model of a system. It has learning ability and approximation to any arbitrary continuous function because it attempts to imitate the way human brain works rather than using a digital model. The Neural Network can be designed by using input, output and hidden nodes and its connections through weights (6). Recently neural network have been used in power electronics and motion control applications such as parameter identification and state estimation of an Induction Motor like flux estimation, speed estimation. Evidently Neural Network technique is showing promise as a competitive method of complex signal processing for power electronics applications (2).


Abstract Background Knee pain is the second-most prevalent and disabling common pain condition globally, having deleterious effects on daily function including mobility and exercise capacity; chronic knee pain is especially prevalent in older adults. There is substantial evidence to indicate that physically inactive individuals have higher rates of cardiovascular disease. Nonetheless, studies investigating cardiovascular risks with osteoarthritis have had mixed results. Objective This study explores the relationship between knee pain and heart failure especially examining the factors of age, gender, race in U.S. older adults. Methods Retrospective secondary analysis of Medicare claims data for 1.478 million adults over age 65. The standard analytical file for 2017 was segmented according to the presence of any of several ICD-10 codes for heart failure (HF). Medicare beneficiaries with and without HF diagnoses were evaluated for knee pain and other common pain-associated conditions; pain condition data was stratified by age, gender and race codes. Results Knee pain was markedly increased in women with HF in the 65-70- and 70–75-year-old age-cohorts and relatively less increased in older age-cohorts and males. Knee pain in women was especially elevated in those with Medicare race codes indicating Black and Hispanic status. Conclusion in a large cohort of Medicare beneficiaries, knee pain was noted to be markedly increased in younger cohorts of older women with HF, and more prevalent in Black and Hispanic women. Further studies should evaluate lifestyle, biomechanics, and inflammatory factors that may be contributing to this relationship.


Debates on machiavelli's works between 1572 et 1643 are considered here in relationship to the religion wars and their consequences on the evolution of the french political system. We have examined huguenot antimachiavellism founded on the notion of tyranny as well as gentillet's humanist oriented contribution. We have also studied the "ligueur" antimachiavellism, a by-product of their all-religious conception of politics and j. Bodin's opposition to machiavelli which was, we argue, linked to his own concept of sovereignty. To the apologies in favor of machiavelli, written in the 1640s have been paid particular attention. Their are linked, we argue, with the crisis of the feudal codes of morality as well as with the appearance of the theme of the "conscience" in modern thought.


Occupational therapists often use psychoeducational interventions in mental health settings. Recent systematic reviews have validated the efficacy of this approach, but the occupational therapy literature on the instructional design process is scarce. In this article the author reviews factors relevant to the instructional design of psychoeducation and then proposes a client-centered instructional design model that considers the client's capacity for engagement, the instructional context/environment, and the learning content demands in the selection of appropriate instructional approaches. The design process is illustrated in four vignettes using behavioral, acquisitional, cognitive, and constructivist approaches.


Soils around magnesite mine region are severely contaminated by dusts from mining and smelting activities.The dusts contained high content of magnesium carbonate and magnesium oxide.Soil pH,soil organic C,total N,total P,mineral N,available P,soluble Ca2+,soluble Mg2+ concentrations,soil potential mineralization rates,soil microbial biomass C and N,and soil metabolic quotient(qCO2) were compared among different sites from different distances around the smelting factory of a magnesite mine in Haicheng City,Liaoning Province.Soil pH,soluble Mg2+ concentration and qCO2 were higher at the sites nearer the smelting factory,while soil organic C,total N,total P,available P and mineral N concentration,soil microbial biomass C and N,and soil potential N mineralization rate were lower.Soluble Mg2+ had significantly negative correlations with total N,mineral N,available P,soluble Ca2+,soil microbial biomass C and N,and potential N mineralization rate.The results indicated that high content of magnesium influenced soil physico-chemical properties,soil microbes and their activities,and thus decreased soil quality.


The structure and transformations of radical cations derived from saturated hydrocarbons in the gas phase and solution may be, in most cases, predicted with high‐level computational methods. The review covers so‐called sigma‐radical cations, i.e., the species with partially broken CH and CC bonds. The radical cations formed from the small acyclic (methane, ethanes, and butanes), as well as cyclic (cyclopropane, cyclobutane, and rotanes) and polycyclic hydrocarbons were analyzed. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. WIREs Comput Mol Sci 2011 1 661–679 DOI: 10.1002/wcms.24


The population of the canton Santa Rosa, increases both in urban and rural area, about eight out of ten people live in Santa Rosa, the cantonal head; For this reason they have been creating lotizaciones looking for a place to live, and these places have q have the basic services in order to have a decent life.
The overall objective of this project is to develop a study of storm drainage, geometric design and structural design of roads, of vehicular and pedestrian streets of Marseille lotizacion R; and whose main objective is to determine components of the project, through appropriate technical standards for lotizacion as an element in the social and economic development for its inhabitants; conduct technical studies to be carried out to implement in a technical manner, storm drainage, structural and geometric design of vehicle and pedestrian streets; prepare final plans, specifications, work schedule and budget valued to allow tender and perform the work immediately.
INEN standards for more than 1,000 inhabitants for the design of storm drains are used; vehicular and pedestrian streets, were designed taking into consideration three aspect the layout plan for which the rules received by the municipality of Santa Rosa Canton, for plotting elevation was done trying to adjust took to the topography the which they were designed slopes between 0.19% and 3.97%, for the design of the structural layer was performed by the method ASSTHO and MTOP standards were used; After made the final plans, the project budget which reaches an amount of $ 941,833.54 was made.


Auditor style defined as a unique set of internal working rules for the interpretation and enforcement of accounting standard within the auditor's clienteles belongs to particular audit firm, especially Big 4 audit firms. As a consequence, financial statements of two companies audited by the same Big 4 auditor, subjected to the same audit style, tend to have comparable earnings which have a more similar accrual, than two companies audited by two different Big 4 auditors with different styles. This research attempts to examine the effect of this auditor style issue on manufacturing financial statement comparability listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange. For five years' observations, through 2012-2016 this research demonstrated a result with auditor style affects the comparability of reported earnings within a Big 4 auditor's clientele and found no effect of auditor style on financial statement comparability within a non-Big 4 auditor's clientele


Newly pen-based interaction technology requires efficient user gesture recognition and user style adaption.This paper built an HMM-based sketch recognition system and used a new method called midpoint-compensation in resampling phase and an improved direction coding method for optimization.The experiment shows that the sketch recognition model can recognizes user gesture efficiently meanwhile with smaller data to represent the gesture and less computation for training the model.


In order to simulate non-equilibrium processes over larger time scales and for realistic size systems, it is desirable to use parallel computing. Unfortunately, the standard algorithm for simulating activated processes, kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC), is inherently serial and thus only suitable for use with a single processor. Recently, however, our group has developed parallel (KMC) algorithms which have been successfully tested on a Beowulf cluster using Message Passing Interface (MPI) Application Program Interface (API). Due to the lack of communication overhead such algorithms should be even more efficient on shared-memory machines. As a first step in investigating this possibility, I have been developing a parallel KMC code to simulate one-dimensional irreversible epitaxial growth on a shared memory machine using OpenMP. We have verified and tested this code on the Sunfire and Origin 2000 computers at the Ohio Supercomputer Center (OSC) using multiple processors. Unfortunately, so far we have not obtained a significant speed increase using this method. However, we believe that this is not due to a fundamental limitation in the algorithm but rather to computational and/or compiler limitations. In the near future, we hope to increase the parallel efficiency of our code so that it can then be applied to more complex and realistic problems. ∗Electronic address: firstname.lastname@example.com


In the article, based on the proposed value management model of a project-oriented organization, the resource value of a knowledge-based organization, as well as its internal and external energy, is determined.The model proposed in the work is aimed at forming of portfolio or program of projects that are effective for achieving the strategic goals of a project-oriented organization. The definition of dominant values allows forming of a value-oriented development portfolio, that allow movement of the project organization to a new level of competitiveness. The main position in the structure of modern science is the definition of energy − a single measure of various forms of movement and synergy of substance. Full value of the organization as a system, can be considered as the sum of its internal and external values. Internal value includes the value of all the organization's resources and is a function of its state.The external value of the organization describes its synergy with other organizations and with environment. External value consists of the kinetic and potential components. The value-based project's approach is best suited to the challenges of the global economy and global competition. Using of the value approach in management of the project-oriented organization allows solving of a complex of tasks for calculating of project value for all stakeholders, forming of an effective portfolio of organization's projects, assessing of the effectiveness of various types of organization resources, assessing of the achievability of strategic goals without attracting external sources of value.


Hydrocarbons are thermally gasified with oxygen and water vapor as gasifying agents under a pressure of at least 3 kilograms per square centimeter and at temperatures in the range of about 1,000-1,500 DEG C in a reactor having supply conduits for the hydrocarbons, the gasifying agents, and an inert purging gas. The hydrocarbon and gasifying agents supply conduits are opened and closed by suitable valves and means are provided for scrubbing the product gas which contains mainly carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Opening and closing of the supply conduit valve in controlled sequences during out-of-normal operation of the gasification plant, particularly during periods of start-up and shut-down is accomplished by a permanently wired electric circuit initiated by an operator which causes an automatic performance of successive control actions.


ADIKTOLOGIE 366 SUMMARY: The Mayo Clinic's Nicotine Dependence Center in Rochester, MN, USA, runs three programmes: Treatment, Education, and Research. Treatment is provided in programmes for outpatients and hospitalised patients and through an intensive residential programme. Behavioural therapy is provided by trained consultants. They use motivational interviewing to enhance motivation. Smoking is prohibited in the whole area of the Mayo Clinic. The physicians in the hospital can apply a method referred to as 2 A's (Ask and Advise) and R (Refer) in order to identify (Ask) tobacco users among the patients, advise (Advise) them to stop smoking, and refer (Refer) them to the Nicotine Dependence Center. The prevalence of cigarette smoking among adults in the United States is about 21%, in comparison to 29% in the Czech Republic. Many U.S. health insurers contribute to tobacco dependence-related interventions and treatment. In the Czech Republic, the cost of treatment of tobacco dependence, which is comparable to the cost of smoking, is fully covered by the patients. In the U.S. smoking cessation is cheaper than smoking.


Type 1 diabetes occurs in ∼90% of patients with no family history of the disease. The majority of studies seeking to identify at-risk subjects have been conducted in first-degree relatives who comprise just 10% of all cases of type 1 diabetes but may have a 20-fold increased risk for type 1 diabetes (1). Although the peak incidence occurs at adolescence, there are data to suggest that 5–10% of all adults diagnosed with type 2 diabetes may actually have type 1 diabetes (latent autoimmune diabetes in adults [LADA]). If type 1 diabetes is to be prevented, significantly enhanced understanding of both the mechanisms leading to type 1 diabetes and the natural history of the pre-diabetic period is essential.

Current evidence suggests that type 1 diabetes results from a complex interaction between type 1 diabetes genetic susceptibility (predominantly HLA Class II associations) and environmental exposure(s) leading to a breakdown of tolerance culminating in β-cell autoimmunity and destruction (2). In the process leading to overt type 1 diabetes, both T and B lymphocytes are activated. B-lymphocyte activation is characterized by the emergence of cytoplasmic islet cell autoantibodies (ICAs) and one or more autoantibodies against the β-cell–specific autoantigen insulin, glutamate decarboxylase, the IA-2 protein tyrosine phosphatase, or the zinc transporter ZnT8 (IAA, GADA, IA-2A, and ZnT8A, respectively). For the most part, IAA, GADA, IA-2A, and ZnT8A have replaced ICA, which is measured using indirect immunofluorescence that requires a subjective evaluation of the fluorescence intensity. The IAA, GADA, IA-2A, and ZnT8A analyses require only small amounts of serum (5–20 μl in most assays) and are thus well suited for large-scale studies comprising both infants and small children. Serum samples can be safely stored at −20°C for years before the measurement of the autoantibodies is undertaken, and the samples usually also tolerate repeated freeze-thaw cycles without …


The present invention relates to an electromagnetic wave which has the bushing, surrounding the live parts of the electric device by means of a grounded metallic vessel, and produced by a partial discharge inside the electric device, the partial discharge detection method for detecting by the antenna from outside the container providing a partial discharge detection method and apparatus, characterized in that for detecting the electromagnetic waves generated by a partial discharge inside the electric device to the antenna arranged on the outer surface of the bushing which corresponds to the top-sealed in the interior of the bushing de do.


Micro-arc oxidation coating was deposited on ZM5 alloy sample using MAO processing in silicate system.The morphology,content and structure of micro-arc oxidation ceramic coating were investigated by XRD and SEM.The microhardness,friction and wear behavior under dry sliding were also measured.The results show that the micro-arc oxidation coating can be divided into three stratums and the constituent phases mainly are Mg2SiO4 and MgO,The micro-arc oxidation coating can evidently improve the anti-wear performance and rigidity of magnesium.The wear mechanism of the coating is light furrow and conglutinating diversion.


Additive manufacturing is becoming more widespread in many areas of life, for instance, in the transport industry. One of the main reasons for this is the fact that machines, raw materials, and production are getting cheaper and cheaper. In all cases, the production cost is a driving force of profit, likewise in vehicle manufacturing. The cheaper the technology, the more it spreads. Many factors influence manufacturing costs. One of these is the cost impact of positioning a component's manufacturing position (locating it in the workspace). That is why it has been investigated in the following study. Based on these, the traditional pricing strategy could be simplified. From the results, it could be concluded how economically is worth to place the parts in the working space of the machine.


The representative figures and their theories relating to the research of vocational interest in-clude E.K.Strong's SCII,C.F.Kuder's KOISJ.L.Holland's VPI and so on from the birth of E.K.Strong's the-ory of vocational interest test in 1927 up to now.Among them .E.K.Strong's theory of vocational interest is applied and expanded widely in the field of profession guide.The article expounds it and rnakes a chief introduction on the history and trend of the research of vocational interest.


This paper attempts to calculate the social cost of fatal road traffic accidents (RTA) in Singapore where, both private and external costs taken into account. The human capital approach is employed in the calculation of income loss. The social cost of fatal RTAs is about $42,551,046 for the year 1997 or $172,271 per fatal RTA. Loss of future income forms the largest share (50%) followed by congestion cost (33%). The remainder is made up of cost related to damage to properties (both private motor vehicles and public streetlights), cost of ambulances sent to accident scene, hospital and funeral costs, pain and suffering and loss of social services provided. Some of the possible ways of reducing the fatal RTAs are through education, raising the speed limits and having more and clearer road signs. Better education of young and elderly drivers in driving skills is important as they make up about 66% of all drivers involved in fatal accidents.


Ethics,on its most important and most perfect part of it,is the science of how to administer a country,which is the most important,critical and summit science in managing the society.Ethics,on all of its contents,is the science of moral values and good morals.Ethics are classified into meta-ethics,normative ethics and virtue ethics.Researching into the relationship between "is" and "should be",the meta-ethics establishes the truth of moral value judgments and methods to formulate good ethics,thus meta-ethics is about the methods of good moral ethics.Normative ethics is about the formulating process of good moral standard.Virtue ethics studies on the ways of the good morals converting from the external social standard into the individuals' inner virtue,and thereby achieving good morals,thus virtue ethics is about the ways to achieve good moral ethics.


By researching the artides in the newspapers Folha de S. Paulo (from Sao Paulo) and the Jornal do Commercio (from Recife) about the Mangue movement (the Manguebit) in 1996, this paper intend to point some waysofexpressingidentitynottons (national, regional), the negotiation forms between differents cultural representations, and the global and local articulation tendencies in the same geographical spaces.


For a classroom with large windows on south and north facades, generating pupils' discomfort due to overheat and glare, the authors designed and printed curtains. Aims of the design is to provide a solution combining the necessity of a solar protection, with the need for a spatial balance between the scale of the group of pupils and a personal anchoring for each child. By taking in account space and user specificities, the nature, graphic delineation, size and colors of the pattern are defined to reach the objective of visually rescaling the classroom. The entire composition is made of vertical and horizontal stripes of a unique abstracted floral pattern, colorfully silkscreen printed on a translucent (non-opaque) unbleached textile. The paper discusses in detail: (1) The entire process, which is of a type evaluation-design-evaluation, with on site and full-scale test of the pattern, scale and colors, as well as the global composition. (2) The results of a three years assessment program achieved by the authors, based on a post-occupancy evaluation approach and a survey focusing on three topics: general preferences (colors, shapes and patterns), perception of space (depth and anchoring) and users' feeling (comfort and quality). (3) The proposed guidelines for similar designs.


It is presented in this paper an algorithm for thresholding images of historical documents. The main objective is to generate high quality monochromatic images in order to make them easily accessible thru Internet and achieve high recognition rates by Optical Character Recognition algorithms. Our new algorithm is based on the classical entropy concept and a variation defined by the Tsallis Entropy and it proved to be more efficient than classical thresholding algorithms. The images generated are analyzed using precision, recall, accuracy and specificity.


953 Published By: Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering & Sciences Publication Retrieval Number:F11640476S519/19©BEIESP Abstract: Physics students, especially those who are newly introduced to the subject, usually face difficulties in solving real life problems because of most of them are unable to make the accurate mental representation of the problems. This action research aims to improve a teacher's classroom instruction to develop students' problem solving skills by incorporating the use of multiple modes of representation. A class of 30 Form 4 students from a secondary school in Johor, Malaysia involved in the research. A pre-test and a post-test were given to the students to measure their level of achievement in Physics problem solving and the use of representations. Mean scores obtained from the tests were analysed and the result showed that there is a significant increment (p<.05) for the achievement in problem solving before and after the instructions. However, a Pearson correlation analysis indicates that there is no significant relation (p>.10) between the scores on representation and achievement in problem solving. The implication of this research is that instructors must develop a new plan of action to enable the students to use representations in problem solving. Further research must be carried out to investigate whether a new course of action can improve the result in improving the problem solving skills for Physics students using multiple representations.


Address for Correspondence: Asst. Prof. Doruk Uysal Irak, Bahçeşehir University, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Çırağan cad. Osmanpaşa Mektebi sokak No:4 Beşiktaş / İstanbul. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com The Dark Triad reveals the malevolent side of human beings and consists of the personality traits Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and Psychopathy which have recently begun to be a subject of interest to the studies with the term Dark Triad revealed by Paulhus and Williams (2002). People who are high in the Dark Triad traits often disregard moral values and social norms and engage in socially-aversive behaviors such as lying, cheating, deception, and bullying (Muris, Merckelbach, Otgaar, & Meijer, 2017). They are also likely to employ ineffective coping strategies (e.g.; Birkás, Gács, & Csathó, 2016; Kealy, Ogrodniczuk, Rice, & Oliffe, 2017), which make them more vulnerable to the negative consequences of a stressful event and negatively affects their psychological well-being. Sub-clinical narcissism is characterized by a lack of empathy, feelings of superiority, egocentricism, self-enhancement, arrogance, and manipulative behaviors (Emmons, 1987; Fernie, Fung, & Nikčević, 2016; Sedikides & Gregg, 2008). Machiavellianism is mostly defined by a cynical worldview and interpersonal manipulation (Furnham, Richards, & Paulhus, 2013). In order to succeed, Machiavellians often make decisions based on the practical outcomes of a situation rather than the possible emotional consequences of their behavior (Zeigler-Hill & Vonk, 2015). Lastly, sub-clinical psychopathy is described by deviant behaviors, a lack of empathy, remorselessness, disinhibition, a desire for dominance, and dishonesty (Cleckley, 1976). In this literature review, the Dark Triad traits will be presented with their similarities and differences and their relationship with the major personality models. Moreover, facets of the three traits and frequently used measures of the construct will be introduced. Then, the relationships between the Dark Triad traits, different coping styles and psychological well-being will be discussed. The main aim of this literature review is to provide a detailed Turkish reference for the researchers as Dark Triad has become a growing research interest.


This work draws on Paolo Freire ' s notion of generative themes and Amartya Sen ' s capa-bility approach in order to critically analyse the teaching mathematics for social justice (TMSJ) movement. The theoretical tools of these thinkers were used in the design of a workshop where participants re fl ected on both critical and uncritical dimensions found in lesson plans promoted by the movement. This paper reports the reasoning of three middle school students (11-14 years old) about surface area and volume of prisms which was uncovered through one-to-one task-based interviews. Findings indicate that all students ' reasoning showed a consistent pattern of thinking in two tasks, and possible reasons behind the reasoning involving misconcep-tions were discussed. the ' classrooms: mathematics This study conducted video-based observation to investigate how did a Chinese expert mathematics Mr. Yinglong Hua, respond to students ' errors in classrooms. The characteristics and possible reasons of his error-management behaviour were also analysed in the research. Solving Together investigated the impact of collaborative homework activities on increasing parental engagement with mathematics. The fi ndings, based on data including website metrics and student drawings, indicated increased parental engagement during the intervention. This study addresses gaps in cross cultural curricular transfer by investigating a mathematics curriculum that has been designed in the UK to be implemented in an Egyptian classroom context. Findings underscored existing gaps between intended and implemented curriculum that are rooted in a larger diversity of perceptions with regards to philosophies in perceiving mathematics as a subject matter. " And then you just arrive at zero again": Ways that representations of the number line in board games may support or impede a sense of number Consideration is given to the research suggesting overlap between number sense and spatial reasoning/ability, particularly in terms of visualising and representing a number line and alongside research that suggests students develop these important and rich mathematical ideas before and around schooling, especially in informal ways such as playing ' mathematical ' games. We therefore reviewed some board games and their representations of what could be considered number lines to provoke questions around possible implications for supporting or impeding a sense of number, and suggested future research directions for this exciting topic. although previous teaching experience of Chinese and English mathematics teachers is similar in their group, a Chinese teacher ' s learning experience is quite di ff erent from an English mathematics teacher. This paper will investigate the impact of ability sets at secondary schools on post 16 resit Mathematics learners ' long-term attitudes and learning apprehensions at FE colleges. Practices for developing both procedural skills and higher-order skills This study aims to investigate how the design of the productive practices and the inter-actions between teacher and students during the implementation can generate the process of mathematical thinking, thereby supporting the deep procedural learning. A small-scale pilot study has been conducted and some of the preliminary fi ndings are shared in this paper.


Development at Local Government level in South Africa is guided by the formulation of Land Development Objectives (LDOs) which referred to the strategic planning phase of the Integrated Development Planning (IDP) process. Legislation determines that each Local Authority should identify and prioritise the most important developmental issues to ensure that the limited resources available are focussed on those aspects that are of the greatest concern to the community at large.


this paper presents a novel information processing technique called scale shrinking transformation (SST). SST comprises three steps: initialization, matrix transformation, and using the column vectors of the transformed matrix as the new input vectors. The essence of SST is that the structural correlation between original inputs can be obtained. More significantly, the transformed matrix contains elements with much smaller scale variation. When applied to existing feedforward neural networks, it can alleviate problems commonly encountered in tasks of function approximation, separating nonlinearly classes, and noise filtering. When the column vectors are used as the new input to a feedforward network that comprises hidden layers, training speed can be reduced. The input scale divergence problem that plagues higher-order neural networks can also be alleviated with SST. Keyword: Shrinking Transformation, Feedforward Neural Networks, Scale Divergence, Function Approximation.


The purpose of this study was to examine the direct or indirect effect between the entrepreneurship education variable and the student entrepreneurship competence variable in Vocational High School students. This study used a quantitative approach with the Survey Method (Explanatory Survey Method), and the test uses path analysis. The number of samples in this study found 100 students from 25 Public and Private Vocational High Schools accredited-A in the city of Bandung. The results showed that (1) entrepreneurship education had a significant effect on entrepreneurial intentions, both directly and indirectly, (2) entrepreneurship education had a significant direct effect on student entrepreneurial competencies, (3) and student entrepreneurial competencies had a significant influence on entrepreneurial intentions.  This is because the results can illustrate that entrepreneurship education in vocational high schools is good, it can be seen from the score of the entrepreneurship education variable in the high category and the form of entrepreneurship learning in vocational high schools is good. Entrepreneurship education has the highest direct influence on students' entrepreneurial competence variables. Entrepreneurship education has a significant effect on entrepreneurial intentions, but if the competence variable becomes a mediating variable, it can further increase students' entrepreneurial intentions. The results of this study are expected to be considered by vocational high schools to provide entrepreneurship education to students, so that students' competence and interest in entrepreneurship can increase.


A new molten salt system, N-ethyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium chloride (EMPyrCl)-ZnCl2, was investigated for the electrodeposition of molybdenum at intermediate temperature. A phase diagram was constructed for the EMPyrCl-ZnCl2 system, which shows the lowest melting point of 45°C at an equimolar composition. A thermal gravimetry indicated that thermal decomposition starts from 230°C for the equimolar melt. The viscosity and conductivity of the equimolar melt were 75 cP and 22 mS cm−1, respectively, at 150°C. The cathode limit of the equimolar melt was confirmed to be the deposition of metallic zinc by XRD analysis. A smooth metallic molybdenum film was electrodeposited on a nickel substrate by potentiostatic electrolysis at 0.01 V vs. Zn(II)/Zn in an equimolar melt containing MoCl5 (0.9 mol%) and KF (3.0 mol%) at 150°C.


Background: The Dubai Health Authority (DHA) spends millions of dollars to cover United Arab Emirates (UAE) nationals seeking healthcare overseas each year. Many patients undertake multiple visits following their initial trip. This paper analyzes repeated trips following an initial medical trip overseas so that the DHA can more effectively address patients' needs and reduce the risks associated with multiple trips overseas.Methods: Administrative data were obtained from the DHA for the UAE nationals who sought treatment overseas during 2009–2016. We examined the match of the medical specialty between the initial and subsequent trips. Medical specialty was the key independent variable and other covariates included gender, age group, travel season, treatment destination and trip order. A mixed-effects logistic regression model with subject specific random intercept was used to assess the relationship of the outcome with the key variables of interest.Results: The analysis included 2,344 UAE nationals who had at least one trip following the initial medical visit. Oncology was the most common medical specialties sought by patients who travelled for repeated visits (18%). Patients in the age group 13-18 years had the highest odds of subsequent visits matching the medical specialty at the initial trip relative among age groups (OR 1.93, 95% CI:1.351,2.757). Patients travelling for oncology, orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, ophthalmology, obstetrics/gynecology and otolaryngology had higher odds of subsequent trips matching the specialty of initial trips. The odds of subsequent trips matching the medical specialty of the initial trip increased with each additional trip (OR 1.73, 95%CI: 1.533,1.94).Conclusions: This is the first longitudinal study that examines the repeated medical trips among UAE nationals supported by the DHA. The results demonstrated that age group, medical specialty sought at the time of the initial trip, and number of trips were significant factors for understanding the match of the medical specialty between the initial and subsequent trips. The study results may help the DHA to establish an overseas treatment registry to collect information about patients seeking medical treatment overseas. In addition, the study will support establishing follow-up care programs to improve patients' outcome and the clinical care for those patients.


Summary There is an increasing requirement to integrity test sterile air filters in situ. The water intrusion test (WIT) offers benefits over existing methods, but its scientific basis is not well understood. This study investigates what is being measured and provides data on the factors influencing the test. The role of evaporative flow when testing intact filters is clearly demonstrated and the effect of water quality and temperature quantified. This improved understanding of the scientific basis of the test allows the factors influencing it to be controlled and enables a reliable correlation with bacterial challenge to be established.


pattern captured from an actual OFDM modem instead of an error model. The performance is evaluated by assessing the maximum total goodput provided by the systems in typical radio environments. Finally, an analysis of the results establishes the conditions in which the mechanisms specific to each protocol become profitable.


When the United Nations General Assembly decided in 1971 that it was "desirable to bring to the notice of the international community the work done in the field of peace research by national and international institutions,"2 it underscored the importance of communication to the peace research movement. The fact that this was the first such resolution to be adopted by the assembly of the world organization created in 1945 "to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war"3 is indicative of the same problem of inadequacy of communication confronting peace research. Coupled with this problem, and in fact a manifestation of it as well, is the lack of cohesion within peace research. Such fluidity has direct bearing not only on the question of peace research communication,


SUMMARY Pires SRO, Ganem EM, Marques M, Castiglia YMM – Effects ofIncreasing Spinal Hyperbaric Lidocaine Concentrations on Spinal Cordand Meninges. Experimental Study in Dogs. BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES : Lidocaine concentration poten-tially able to determine nervous tissue injury is still not well establi-shed. This study aimed at investigating the effect of increasing spinallidocaine concentrations in single injection through Quincke needle. METHODS : After the Animal Experiment Ethical Committee approval,40 adult animals were anesthetized with fentanyl and etomidate andsubmitted to spinal puncture with 22G 21/2 Quincke needle for theintroduction of 1 mL of 7.5% glucose solution in 10 seconds – Group1; 5% lidocaine in 7.5% glucose solution – Group 2; 7.5% lidocainein 7.5% glucose solution – Group 3; 10% lidocaine in 7.5% glucosesolution – Group 4. After intravenous anesthesia recovery and in thepresence of spinal block, the following parameters were observed:presence of motor block, anal sphincter tone (normal or relaxed) andsensory block level in different cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacraldermatomes. Animals remained in captivity for 72 hours. Analsphincter tone, hind paws mobility, painful fore and hind paws andsacral, lumbar and thoracic dermatomes sensitivity were evaluated.Were euthanized by electrocution under anesthesia and spinal cordand meningeal lumbar and sacral portions were removed forhistological exam under optic microscopy.


Summary Parabiosis was done between S1/S1d mice and their normal +/+ littermates and between pairs of +/+ mice. The purpose was to determine if S1/S1d mice produced a substance that would stimulate megakaryocytopoiesis. It was found that +/+ mice attached to S1/S1d mice showed macromegakaryocytosis suggesting that megakaryocytopoiesis was stimulated. Nonspecific findings in +/+ parabiotic pairs included a lesser degree of megakaryocyte macrocytosis. These findings did not appear to be due to growth of S1/S1d stem cells in the +/+ parabionts. Radiation to S1/S1d or +/+ bone marrow did not change the size of megakaryocytes. The results suggest that S1/S1d mice produce a thrombopoietic substance even though they have a normal complement of circulating platelets.


This paper is intended to analyse trade policy's place in the development of biofuels and the difference between measures that developed and developing countries could take, considering their bargaining power and their possibility of taking part in the drafting of current international rules and of resorting to them. Multilateral rules offer small countries a framework in order to limit developed countries' unilateral decisions thus enhancing the possibilities of the former to access large markets. Campos JEL: F 13 y Q 18 1 Centro de Economia Internacional – Cancilleria. e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com . Esmeralda 1212, Buenos Aires, Tel.: 4819-7482 2 Direccion de Negociaciones Economicas Multilaterales – Cancilleria. e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com 3 Centro de Economia Internacional – Cancilleria. e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


The invention relates to a bedding product, especially a medical vertebra mattress for supporting human body in a balanced manner according to different vertebra radian and body weight of human body, the vertebra positions of human body including lumbar vertebrae, cervical vertebra can be reconditioned and recovered during sleeping. The mattress comprises a mattress protector having a adjusting layer and at least a lining layer, the adjusting layer includes to blocks. The mattress can effectively improve sleeping quality.


Methods This is a report of pilot, prospective, single center, open label, randomized study of the efficiency and safety of MSC induction of immunosupression over standard IIT in regard of immunological dysfunction development and kidney transplant function improvement. Inclusion criteria: adult kidney transplant recipients who received first kidney transplant. Exclusion criteria were high immunological risks at the time of surgery (HLA mismatching, PRA>0%). In the first group MSCs introduction was performed on 0 and 4 days after surgery in total dose of 4 million cells/kg in 2 infusions (2 million cells/kg at a time). In the second group patients received basiximab 20 mg on 0 and 4 days after transplantation. Third group hadn't any induction therapy. Maintenance therapy includes calcineurine inhibitor, mycophenolic acid, steroids and didn't differ among groups. The protocol kidney transplant biopsies were performed on the 7th day after surgery. Results of our research showed that the frequency of graft dysfunction which was associated with rejection, was approximately identical among groups – 40%. At the same time the severity of acute rejection was rather low according to the results of biopsies in the MSC group. The level of serum creatinin decreased more intensively in 2nd group (baziliximab) and was assessed as 265±125 &mgr;mol/l at the 7 day after operation. In the 1st (MSC) and 3rd groups it was respectively 313±201 &mgr;mol/l and 548±317 &mgr;mol/l (p>0,05). Dynamics of GRF level restoration didn't differ in groups and reached 31,72±10,34 ml/min, 34,7±12,4 ml/min, 35,7±11,97 ml/min respectively on 7 day after transplantation. We didn't observe any significant difference in frequency and strength of side effects in study groups. Conclusion Application of allogeneic MSC as induction immunosupressive therapy in kidney transplantation is effective and safely.


Background G protein‐coupled receptor 154 was described as an asthma susceptibility gene by positional cloning. It has been subsequently associated with asthma and other inflammatory diseases in several populations with different ethnic origin. Replication of associations adds reliability to these findings.


The scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-BI), a multiligand receptor, appears to be a physiologically relevant HDL receptor in rodents (1)(2). To determine its role in humans, the human SRB1 gene has been characterized (3)(4) and its genetic variation investigated in a Caucasian population (4). We have reported three variants, at exons 1 and 8 and intron 5, with allele frequencies >0.1 that have significant associations with lipid and anthropometric variables (4). The exon 1 variant (G→A) was associated with a favorable, antiatherogenic lipid profile in men. Women carriers of the intron 5 variant (C→T) showed a higher body mass index ( P = 0.031) than those women homozygous for the common (wild-type) allele. The exon 8 variant (C→T) was associated with lower LDL-cholesterol concentrations compared with those homozygous for the common (wild-type) allele. All three variants were single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and genotyping was carried out by restriction digestion with Alu I, Hae III, and Apa I for exon 1, exon 8, and intron 5, respectively. Because these are the first published associations indicating that SR-BI may play a role in lipid metabolism, these observations need to be examined and confirmed in other populations.

Traditionally, genotyping for genetic mutations has been analyzed by restriction endonuclease digestion …


ABSTRACT There are inconsistencies in the literature regarding the role of organosulfur compounds in general, and sulfonic acids in particular, on the oxidative instability of middle distillate fuels. Comparison of published results between investigations is complicated by differences in a large number of variables. Variations in fuel composition, heteroatam distribution, reaction surface, hydroperoxide concentration, dissolved oxygen and reaction temperature all contribute to the variation in observed results. In an effort to clarify this situation, we have examined the t-butyl hydroperoxide liquid phase oxidation of hexyldisulfide in deaerated benzene.


EFFECT OF SELF-CONCEPT AND FAMILY ENVIRONMENT INTERESTS OF
STUDENT LEARNING LIGHTWEIGHT VEHICLE ENGINEERING STUDY
IN SMK PIRI 1 YOGYAKARTA
By:
NUGROHO PRIHANTORO
08504244038
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is influence of selfconcept
and family environment of student interest Lightweight Vehicle Engineering
Program at SMK Piri 1 Yogyakarta. In addition, to determine how much influence of
each variable on student interest.
This research is ex post facto, use the sampling technique Proportional random
sampling, the study population was all students in classes X Lightweight Vehicle
Engineering Program at SMK Piri 1 Yogyakarta, amounting to 124 students, and is taken
for the study subjects was 98 students. Self-concept data collection, Family Environment,
and Interest in Learning conducted by questionnaire. Test instrument made by some
students of class X subjects who did not participate in the study along with class XI and
analyzed using validity and test reliabelitas. Test requirements analysis using normality
test and linearity test. Data analysis techniques are used to test the hypothesis was test-F.
Analysis determined the significance level of 5%.
Based on this research can be concluded as follows: (1) There is the influence of
self-concept and family environment on student interest Lightweight Vehicle Engineering
courses at SMK Piri 1 Yogyakarta was 28.6%. This is evidenced by the significant value
is less than the significance level of 5% (0.000 <0.05) and the calculated F value is
greater than the F table (19.050> 3,09). (2) There is the influence of self-concept on
student interest Lightweight Vehicle Engineering Program SMK PIRI I Yogyakarta. This
is evidenced by the significant value is less than the significance level of 5% (0.005
 1.980). and the positive value of
the regression coefficient 0.512. (3) There is the influence of family environment on
student interest Lightweight Vehicle Engineering Program SMK PIRI I Yogyakarta. This
is evidenced by the significant value is less than the significance level of 5% (0.000
 1.980). and the positive value of
the regression coefficient 0.315. The contribution of the concept of self and family
environment on student interest Lightweight Vehicle Engineering Program SMK PIRI I
Yogyakarta can be seen from the coefficient of determination of 28.6%, and the
remaining 71.4% influenced by other factors that were not studied. The effective
contribution of the self-concept variables and by 8.6% and by 20.1% family environment.
Keywords: Self-Concept, Environmental Family, Learning Interests


Biomedical research is opening new frontiers in treatment of disease,understanding physiological processes, and increasing knowledge.
On the other hands, the advance in this field come with a host of ethical quandaries.
Yet, this research presents us, as humans, with incredible opportunities to better the lives of almost everyone. Thus, to extent that such research is to be permitted, it should be done under stringent ethical guidelines.
Bans or other limitations on embryonic stem cell research do not accomplish their purported goal of saving embryos from destruction.
Every year, Thousands of embryos are created through the IVF protocols as part of infertility treatments. Many of these embryos end being destroyed for a variety of reasons. The creation and destruction of these embryos can be ethical, provided that the guiding principle through the entire process remains the best interest of the embryo,thus recognizing the embryo's humanity.
The approach outlined by the present Article allows for a principled support of embryonic stem cell research while acknowledging the humanity of the embryo.


Sensors, and particularly space-based hyperspectral sensors, will be an important element of the global monitoring strategy. Hyperspectral imagery and analysis can provide fundamental improvements in our ability to remotely sense earth surface characteristics, leading to a better understanding of carbon cycle effects, global warming, etc. This paper will review the current sensors including their capabilities and limitations. Projecting into the future, critical sensor characteristics desired for the next generations will be analyzed based on the potential of new processing approaches for atmospheric correction and information extraction. These characteristics will be compared with current next generation concepts.


With the purpose of protecting sea area ecological environment,this research creatively combines Lagrangian Middle-value Theorem of higher mathematics and Universal Soil Loss Equation,simulative calculates their effect of chemical fertilizer and pesticide loss from the aspects of organic substance content,ground vegetation coverage category,vegetation coverage factor and loss distance,get the theoretical economical point and sensitive point under different circumstances,and finally raises integrated analysis conclusion to provide scientific basis for city decision-making,programming and management.


Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of objects from images has been one of the major topics in Computer Vision. Recently, volumetric methods have been successfully used in 3D reconstruction of objects with complex shapes. Comparing with stereo-based methods, they are more efficient in building 3D models of smooth objects [1]. They work in the object volumetric space and do not require a matching process between the images used, which is usually very complex with smooth objects. Volumetric methods represent the object with a finite set of geometric primitives, usually designated by voxels [1, 2]. The objective of the work here described is to build a 3D model of the object, with good precision and photorealistic appearance. For that, an image sequence around the object is acquired by an off-the-shelf CCD camera, without imposing any restriction on the motion involved. Then the camera is calibrated by using Zhang's method [3], the object is segmented in all input images and finally its 3D model is built. The employed volumetric approach uses octrees to represent the volume of the object, which is interactively refined in order to achieve the final shape of the object. Two objects were experimentally used to test the approach adopted, a parallelepiped and a human hand model, and the results obtained were quite satisfactory. The future work will be concerned with the implementation of an auto-calibration method and in the 3D reconstruction of deformable objects.


On June 6th, 2013, in JTI Macdonald TM Corp v. Imperial Tobacco Products Limited, 2013 FC 608, Canada's Federal Court dismissed an appeal by JTI Macdonald TM Corp ("JTI"), who opposed two trademarks filed by Imperial Tobacco Products Limited ("Imperial Tobacco") for the colour orange as applied to cigarette packages.


ABSTRACT We predicted that brand gender moderates the effect of information valence on attitude change, such that negative information leads to a greater decline in attitude for female brands due to differences in trust change. We conducted three studies to test this prediction. Study 1 (N = 260) and Study 2 (N = 205) results reveal a conditional direct effect of negative information on attitude change, whereby negative information decreases attitude more for female (vs. male) brands; these studies also show a conditional indirect effect of negative information on attitude change via trust change, such that negative information decreases trust more for female (vs. male) brands, which leads to a decrease in attitude. By analyzing 2.68 million Yelp.com customer reviews, the results for Study 3 further demonstrate the gender disparity in review usefulness.


It is urgent for our country to create stock index future,and the key issue to establish market of stock index future is how to price.First,in this essay,determeining the price of stock index futrue by Cost-of-carry Pricing Model is introduced.Then,whether the terms of hypotheses of model are feasible is discussed.Finally,according to the discussion above,some policy propositions are given on how to establish China's market of stock index future.


The literature suggests that there is a significant gender gap
in the support of far right parties. Male voters exhibit a
higher propensity to voting for them. The probability of voting
for these political parties is even higher with young and
pensioner males. Far right voters are overrepresented among
manual workers, routine non-manual workers, the self-employed
and the unemployed. The voters usually have lower level of
education and are less skilled. All these findings are based on
social-survey data. Are they consistent with hard economic
data, however? In order to answer this question, we analyse the
set of 28 EU member states from 2000 to 2014. We extend our
research to voting results of far right, far left and populist
parties in parliamentary elections. We focus on diverse
specifications of employment rates which are offered by the
Eurostat database (by gender, age, education attainment,
occupation, working time, etc.). In our model, we also include
other variables of the labour market, economic activity, and
variables in demographics and politics. We estimate the Tobit
model with the maximum likelihood estimator because of many
left censored dependent observations. During the observed
period, Europe was affected by three phenomena: structural
changes in the labour market, the aging of population and an
economic crisis. The number of economically active men between
15 and 39 years of age diminished, many of them lost their jobs
during the economic crisis and they have a lower chance of
going back to work in the future because of their lower skills.
They may feel frustrated and therefore turn to extreme and
populist parties.


A new heteroatom insertion into cyclobutane rings via β-scission of alkoxyl radicals generated from photocycloadducts between 4-hydroxycoumarin and cycloalkenes is described.


Individuals modulate their facial emotion expressions in the presence of other people. Does this social tuning reflect changes in emotional experiences or attempts to communicate emotions to others? Here, "target" participants underwent facial electromyography (EMG) recording while viewing emotion-inducing images, believing they were either visible or not visible to "observer" participants. In Study 1, when targets believed they were visible, they produced greater EMG activity and were more accurately perceived by observers, but did not report accompanying changes in their emotion experience. In Study 2, simultaneous facial EMG recording and fMRI scanning revealed that social tuning of targets' facial expressions correlated with activity in brain structures associated with mentalizing. These findings speak to long-standing, competing accounts of emotion expression, and suggest that individuals actively tune their facial expressions in social settings to communicate their experiences to others.


The solubility of silver in molten CaO-B₂O₃ slag at high temperature was measured to understand the dissolution behaviors of silver into the slags as a fundamental study on the measure of basicity. The B₂O₃ bearing fluxes, which have wide range of liquid at the temperature of interest would be shown the effects of flux composition on the solubility of silver as an indicator of basicity through the whole range of liquid. The solubility of silver in slag has a minimum value as a function of flux composition. and it is suggested that a silver behaves as an amphoteric substance, i.e, it shows a different stability in slag of the different basicity. The solubility of silver decreases with increasing temperature. It was also decreased with the content of basic oxide in the acidic region, and vice versa in the basic region. From the view point of the Ag solubility as a measure of basicity, the relationship between depolimerization of borate network and basicity was discussed by introducing the relative basicity. The relationship between the solubility of silver and nitride capacity as well as theoretical optical basicity was also discussed.


ABSTRACT We test if firms statistically discriminate workers based on race when employer learning is asymmetric. Using data from the NLSY79, we find evidence of asymmetric employer learning. In addition, employers statistically discriminate against non-college-educated black workers at time of hiring. We also find that employers directly observe most of the productivity of college graduates at hiring and learn very little over time about these workers.


The Webster-Ashburton Treaty of 1842, which led to the settlement of the Canadian boundary dispute, was instrumental in maintaining peace between Great Britain and the United States. Jones analyzes the events that aggravated relations to show the affect of America's states' rights policy, and he concludes that the two countries signed the treaty because they considered it the wisest alternative to war, not because of the often-claimed strategic distribution of money.Originally published in 1977.A UNC Press Enduring Edition -- UNC Press Enduring Editions use the latest in digital technology to make available again books from our distinguished backlist that were previously out of print. These editions are published unaltered from the original, and are presented in affordable paperback formats, bringing readers both historical and cultural value.


In view of the problems arising from the teaching process of An Outline of Microelectronics, this article, based on such concepts as inquiry learning, role exchange between teacher and students and combination of production and learning, puts forward some corresponding proposals so as to arouse students' interest in learning, promote their practical ability and improve the quality of teaching.


The combination of difluoromethane (R32), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a), and trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene (R1234ze(E)) has been recently proposed as a potential substitute (R456A) for hy...


This article analyzes Yan Gelin's novelette of White Serpent which text structure uses the form of putting together and interlocking. In combination of different visual angles, accordingly the text shows different meanings. The novelette's three versions all have perspective characteristics and special function.Constituted of different narrative angles, the novelette shows deeply the complex humanity and the absurdness of the times.


This article provides a detailed assessment of Laila Lalami's novel The Moor's Account (2014), in which a slave decides to escape upon becoming certain that his enslaver will never act on a prior understanding to free him. Still, his desertion carries with it the ultimate price: never seeing his home or country again. The article explores what that imaginative escape into the wilderness signifies in respect to statehood, both as an idea and as a practice. The evolving events of the novel suggest that polities create domestication not by accident, but by default. For, in Lalami's novel, the state sells chimerical illusions to the aspiring bourgeoisie in the form of abstract debts, whose repayment fattens state coffers and enslaves the aspiring bourgeoisie. Such a stance vis-à-vis the state and its logic raises a concern with Lalami's readership since the postcolonial arrangement rarely diverges, if at all, from this immanent logic, the one that hinges on the state's tendential predilection for enslavement. Lalami's readers are therefore invited to reconsider their bias against statelessness if circumventing slavery is indeed possible. The article sceptically considers whether, by pursuing such a radical approach, Lalami could be romanticizing statelessness as an easy means of circumventing postcoloniality. This essay will be engaging not only to literary scholars, but also to political economists, development planners, city designers and environmentalists.


It lingered "some time longer" than J. G. Cumming possibly imagined, writing as he did in 1861, but even by that date, a fall off in usage was evident.


This article describes the modeling of a resistive voltage divider (RVD) by rational functions using the vector fitting (VF) tool. The method is applied to ratio and phase displacement measurements over a wide frequency range. A Monte Carlo simulation-based sensitivity analysis was carried out to properly estimate the model uncertainty. The modeling tool proved to be an advantageous alternative with suitable adherence to the traced points, not exceeding a few parts in 106. Real and imaginary parts can be taken into account in the same fitting, preserving their correlation for the uncertainty estimation. Such a black-box approach can also help to estimate intermediate and above limit points since the transfer function is given by the tool.


This working paper presents a model for the Confidential Report "Assessment and Observations on the Payments Clearance and Settlement System of Country X" delivered to the central bank at the end of the work of the international team, deployed on the field in the context of the Western Hemisphere Payments and Securities Settlement Forum (WHF). Following a request from the Western Hemisphere Finance Ministers, The World Bank in partnership with the Centro de Estudios Monetarios Latinoamericanos (CEMLA) first led the Western Hemisphere Payments and Securities Clearance and Settlement Initiative (WHI). Through the WHI, capacity has been created throughout the region and the Initiative has now evolved into a Forum, formally launched on June 2003, which represents the new set of organizational arrangements to give continuity to the efforts initiated under the WHI. The objective of the Forum is to describe and assess the payments systems of the Western Hemisphere with a view to identifying possible improvement measures in their safety, efficiency and integrity. To carry out this mandate the World Bank has sponsored an International Advisory Council (IAC) comprised of several institutions with high expertise in payments and securities clearance and settlement system. Another report is prepared by the international team for securities settlement arrangements and delivered to the securities regulator. In all phases the international team works in close


Introduction. Elevated plasma matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels have been suggested to precede the development of microalbuminuria. As angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors effectively reduce urinary albumin excretion (UAE), in the present study we have investigated the potential association of plasma MMP-9 levels with UAE and treatment effects of ACE-inhibition. Material and methods. In a placebo-controlled randomised trial we determined plasma MMP-9 levels at baseline and after three months of randomisation to either placebo (n=202) or fosinopril (20 mg/day, n=204) treatment. Results. Baseline plasma MMP-9 levels were not related to baseline UAE (r=-0.008, p=0.871).Three months of fosinopril treatment effectively reduced UAE compared to placebo treatment (-10.4±2.4 vs. 1.8±1.3 mg/24 hours, p<0.001, respectively). However, fosinopril treatment failed to significantly change plasma MMP-9 levels compared to placebo (-0.47±7.68 vs. 0.06±9.20, p=0.646, respectively) . In addition, the change in UAE was not related with change in MMP-9 levels. Conclusion. The effective reduction of UAE with fosinopril was not related to plasma MMP-9 levels.


In this research the method of metallographic examinations and corrosion tests of galvanized pipes and profiles was developed. The zone of a welded joint of pipes and profiles made of a galvanized strip by high-frequency welding on a continuous electric-weld pipe mill was investigated. A general character and the degree of the anticorrosive coating damage in the weld junction zone were defined. It was determined that the character of the damage in all investigated samples was the same, while the damage degree in the coating width and depth is different and depends on welding modes. On the outer surface of the pipe an additional zinc coating is usually deformed and thinned as a result of profiling-calibration. Corrosion tests were carried out using accelerated test methods. The effect of the degree of the coating damage in the zone of the weld junction on corrosion resistance was evaluated. A comparative analysis of corrosion resistance of the damaged coating zone of the weld junction and the base coating of the base pipe metal was carrried out. Corrosion resistance of weld junctions of pipes and profiles with various zinc alloy coatings was evaluated. The damaged area of the zinc coating in the weld junction zone is a corrosion center of the base metal. Under certain conditions the corrosion resistance is different and depends on the degree of the coating damage. The wider and the deeper is the area of the damaged coating that exceeds the action of the anode protection, the more corrosion centers of the base metal exist.


A method for designing photosensitive resin wind tunnel model considering elastic deformation is presented to reduce the effect of model deformation caused by low stiffness of photosensitive resin on aerodynamic force experiment data in wind tunnel.Numerical calculation method for aeroelasticity is used to predict the model deformation under aerodynamic force and the original model shape is modified on the basis of the numerically calculated deformation,thereby the manufacture shape of resin model is obtained,so that the shape of model after deformation under aerodynamic force is same as the original model shape,thus eliminating the effect of photosensitive resin elastic deformation.Six F4 model manufacture shapes are designed on the basis of this method and the hypothesis that the airfoil of large aspect ratio wing is rigid.Six models are manufactured by using rapid prototyping equipment and tested in FL-21 transonic wind tunnel.Test data show that at design point,lift coefficients CL of 4#,5# and 6# models are in good agreement with the data of three foreign wind tunnels,and so are the pitch moment coefficients Cmy of 1#,2#,3# and 5# models;at off-design points,CL and Cmy are quite different from the foreign data;drag coefficients Cd are greater than foreign wind tunnel results because of Reynolds number Re difference between this test and foreign wind tunnel tests.So,at design point,this method can obviously improve the aerodynamic force data precision of photosensitive resin wind tunnel model.


ABSTRACT Meretrix meretrix with three shell colors (mottled shell, red shell, yellow shell) were analyzed for nutritive and taste attributes. Additionally, the influence of cooking on the taste active components was also evaluated. The three kinds of clams had higher crude protein contents. Alanine, glutamic acid, arginine, 5ʹ-adenosine monophosphate, Cl−, Na+, K+ and PO4 3- were the major taste compounds of Meretrix meretrix. In addition to PO4 3-, the contents of all major taste compounds decreased after cooking. Among raw samples, red shell clams had the highest value of equivalent umami concentration (EUC) and contents of Cl− and Na+, along with the lowest content of PO4 3-. In cooked samples, the value of EUC and the contents of Na+ and K+ in red shell clams were higher than those of yellow shell clams and lower than those of mottled shell clams. Furthermore, the contents of PO4 3- in red and yellow shell clams were higher than that in mottled shell clams. However, there were no significant differences in the amount of K+ among different raw samples and the amount of Cl− among different cooked samples.


Islet transplantation is a minimum invasive therapy for the treatment of unstable type 1 diabetes. In 2000, the University of Alberta group demonstrated that 7 out of 7 type 1 diabetic patients became insulin independent after islet transplantation. This protocol (the Edmonton protocol) has led the islet transplantation into clinical reality. However, several issues including necessity of multi organ donors, low efficacy of islet isolation, poor long-term islet function, and poor reproducibility among institutes became apparent. The issues have been solved with the progresses of science but the shortage of donor is still major issue. To solve the donor-shortage issue, clinical islet xenotransplantation using porcine islets has been initiated. with single donor islet transplantation [10,11]. Their first strategy two-layer pancreas preservation before two day culture of islets before transplantation anti-CD3 for Their was using anti-thymocyte globulin and daclizumab for induction immunosuppression and etanercept for anti-inflammation at the of


This study examines the competitive strategy of service quality in financial industry Service quality has been suggested as the approach for service...


Background Statins have been suggested as potential agents in the management of osteoporosis. Reviews of medical records have shown an increased bone mass and some studies have shown a reduced occurrence of fractures in subjects on long‐term treatment with statins. We studied the effects of treatment with statins on calcium homeostasis, bone turnover and bone mineral density.


Foreword Frank G. Bowe Acknowledgments Legal Chronology 1. Time Tears Us Apart 2. The Battle Joined 3. Like Light Pouring Down over Me 4. Vindication by Trial 5. A Case about Amy 6. A "Voice" in the Classroom 7. "Full Potential" in the Court 8. Maybe It Wouldn't Happen Today 9. What Amy Hears 10. A Matter of Growth 11. Amy in Oz 12. Equal Opportunity Writ Large 13. Is It Really Money? 14. Amy Remembering 15. Not Quite Human 16. Struggling and Succeeding 17. If Heaven Isn't Accessible, God Is in Trouble 18. To Be Who We Are Index


The mode of pollination of nicer milkvetch was studied in 1969 and 1970. The floral structure was examined and the common pollinators were identified. Estimates of cross-fertility by open-pollination and self-fertility by artificial selfing by hand and by artificial selfing without hand manipulation were made for 20 cicer milkvetch plants in 1969. Estimates of cross-fertility by open-pollination and selffertility by artificial selfing by hand were made on 30 plants in 1970. Estimates of cross-fertility by open-pollination and estimates of self-fertility by natural selfing in isolation by bees and artificial selfing by hand were made on four clones of cicer milkvetch in 1970. Seeds obtained from the four clones were seeded in flats in the greenhouse to study the effect of inbreeding on cicer seedlings. The floral structure was found not to eliminate self-pollination. Three species of bumble bees were found to be the common pollinators of cicer milkvetch. Apparently, honey bees are not common pollinators of cicer. Cicer flowers were more fertile during the first few weeks of the flowering period both years. The average artificial self-fertility of all cicer milkvetch plants was 13.10%. The average natural selffertility of four cicer milkvetch clones was 58.86%. The average crossfertility of all cicer milkvetch plants was 62.65%. Selfing had an adverse effect on the growth of cicer seedlings. It was concluded that cicer milkvetch is naturally cross-pollinated with a relatively high degree of self-fertility. In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the require ments for an advanced degree at Montana State University, I agree that the Library shall make it freely available for inspection, I further agree that permission for extensive copying of this thesis for scholarly purposes may be granted by my major professor, or, in his absence, by the Director of Libraries, It is understood that any copying or publi cation of this thesis for financial gain shall hot be allowed without my written permission. ESTIMATES OF CROSSAND SELF-FERTILITY OF CICER MILKVETCH (Astragalus cicer L .) by John George Scheetz A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in Agronomy


In this paper, we present an adaptive extremum seeking controlscheme for fed-batch bioreactors with Haldane kinetics. The proposed adaptive extremum seeking approach utilizes the structure information of the process kinetics to derive a seeking algorithm that drives the system states to the desired set-points that maximize the value of the biomass production. Lyapunov's stability theorem is used in the design of the extremum seeking controller structure and the development of the parameter learning laws. The performance of the approach is illustrated via numerical simulations.


ABSTRACT: Proposal:Evaluate the post-chemoradiotherapy response for treatment of rectal tumor using three-dimensionalanorectal ultrasound-3D-US to determine the best surgical approach Methods:32 patients with lower and middle rectal cancerwere prospectively staged using 3D-US to identify anal canal invasion and the distance(cm) between tumor and the internal analsphincter-IAS, Group l:with anal canal invasion; Group II-with distance =2cm; Group III-with distance >2. They were submittedto neoadjuvant chemoradiation-CR T and the 3-D US was r epeated 50-55 days later . The choice of the surgical appr oach was basedon the post-chemoradiation response identified by the 3D-US comparing with pathologic findings. Results:The post-chemoradiation/3D-US findings were concordant with pathologic results in 31/32(97%). It was identified residual tumors in 26/27(96% sensibility), 19(59%) with partial response and 7(22%) without response. Complete response was demonstrated in 5/5 by3D-US, with specificity and predictive valor in 100%. Negative predictive valor in 83% since one(3%) case was inconclusive.Sphincter-saving resection was performed in 16 patients, 5 with complete response, 10 with partial response and one inconclusive,with distal margin >2cm. The pathologic findings confirmed distal margins without tumor. It was demonstrated highconcordance(87.5%) concerning the lymph nodes evaluation(Kappa test). Conclusion: 3D-US can be useful to determine thepatients who should be submitted to sphincter-saving resections.Key words: Rectal Cancer; Endorectal Ultrasonography; Radiotherapy; Surgery Treatment.


The present invention relates to an image capture optical lens, an object side to an image side, five lenses with refractive power: a first lens having a positive refractive power; a second lens having a negative refractive power; a a third lens of negative refractive power, the object-side surface is concave, and the object-side surface and the at least one aspherical surface of the image side surface; and a fourth lens object side surface and image side surface of at least one aspheric surface, and which made of plastic material; and a fifth lens which is concave image side, the object-side surface and image side surface of the at least one aspherical surface, which side surface and image side surface thereof at least one surface provided with at least one inflection point, and which made of plastic material. With the above-described lens group configuration, you can reduce the sensitivity of the optical system, reduce the volume of the lens, to effectively correct astigmatic aberration of the system, to obtain high quality better resolving power.


AIM
To construct recombinant plasmid and adenovirus harboring MDA-7 gene, and to investigate its biological function on the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

METHODS
The MDA-7 fragments from the T vectors were inserted into pCDNA-3 vector to construct expression plasmids named pCDNA3-MDA-7. To determine its effects on the proliferation of HCC cells, transfected the expression vector into cells and tested the ability of colony formation in cancer cells. Simultaneously, constructed recombinant adenovirus expressing MDA-7, and detected its effect on the proliferation of HCC cells by using MTT assay.

RESULTS
Successfully constructed plasmid- and adenovirus-based system to express MDA-7. The data of colony formation assay and M'T test showed that MDA-7 can obviously suppress cell growth in HCC cells.

CONCLUSION
MDA-7 may function as tumor suppressor in HCC cells, and the adenovirus-mediated MDA-7 can be a novel strategy for the anti-HCC therapy. Our study established the foundation for future research on the effect of MDA-7 in HCC.


The Supreme Court's decision to uphold the Affordable Care Act as an exercise of the taxing power has led to a reconsideration of the regulatory role of taxation. This paper re-evaluates that role in light of the decision and examines when taxation should be used for regulatory purposes.


Dyskeratosis congenita (DKC) is a syndrome characterized by immunodeficiency, bone marrow (BM) failure, somatic abnormalities, and predisposition to malignancy, resulting from mutations in proteins involved in maintenance of telomeres. Pulmonary fibrosis resulting in respiratory failure is a serious complication affecting approximately 20% of DKC patients. Pediatric pulmonologists should consider this diagnosis in patients with lung fibrosis and concurrent immunodeficiency or BM failure. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2013; 48:91–93. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


A canonical model for the frequency up-conversion process with stochastic coupling function is proposed. Based on it the first-order coherence functions, the time dependence of the mean photon numbers and the second-order coherence functions are found and compared with the corresponding results already available in the literature. It is shown that the total photon number, as a function of time, has a turning point. The antibunching effect is predicted regardless of the mean photon numbers available in the process.


Heading into the Modernising Defence Programme (MDP) review process, the RAF has a force structure composed of assets that on a platform level are appropriate and relevant for the high-end state threat posed by Russia, while also being effective during overseas interventions. However, Justin Bronk argues that the force structure itself is too small to sustain attrition on any significant scale without rapidly running short of both aircraft and trained aircrew. While the RAF can, therefore, demonstrate the continuing relevance of its force structure in the new reality where deterrence against Russia is NATO's key focus, questions remain about its sustainability in the unlikely but necessary planning scenario of a major war.


Nowadays the HDTV (high definition television) is growing more and more popular. In many cases a compression of this high quality multimedia data is needed for storing or transmitting purposes. In order to preserve good quality, the compressed stream should have high data rate. It is also common case to combine several such streams, representing different programs, into one single multimedia stream. Here comes the need of high data rate multiplexing and demultiplexing. To operate with high data rate stream, the clock frequency, the word width or both have to be increased. For cost efficient FPGA implementation the wider word width is preferred, which allows smaller in logic and slower in speed FPGA to be used. In this paper the issues following this choice are revealed and a data aligning implementation technique is proposed


The ESC Textbook of Cardiovascular Nursing is the official textbook of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Association of Cardiovascular Nursing and Allied Professions. It aims to provide in-depth learning for nurses specializing in caring for patients with coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, arrhythmias, congenital heart disease, and inherited cardiovascular conditions. The textbook builds on the ESC Core Curriculum for the Continuing Professional Development of Nurses Working in Cardiovascular Care. The pathology of these conditions is described as well as the normal anatomy and physiology of the heart. While tailoring nursing assessment and interventions to the care of patients with heart disease, the textbook emphasizes high-quality holistic care taking account of the needs of patients with complex comorbidities, as well as their families. The imperative of prevention and rehabilitation in terms of both primary and secondary prevention is confirmed as well as educational, behavioural, and therapeutic interventions. The epidemiology of cardiovascular disease is covered including disease burden and inequalities across European regions. Chapters devoted to education and communication and pharmacology are also included. The textbook concludes with a chapter which looks into the future challenges and opportunities for nurses and the evolution of nursing in cardiovascular care. The hope of the editors is that the textbook inspires readers to ask questions, search for answers, and become the best cardiovascular nurses they can be, especially given the strong body of evidence showing that educational provision for nurses increases patient safety and saves lives.


SYNOPSIS. Philaster hiatti n. sp., a marine holotrichous ciliate is described from Hawaii. Anatomic studies were made on specimens treated with the Chatton-Lwoff silver impregnation technic. Particular attention was given to the buccal infraciliature. Anatomic data, especially of the buccal infraciliature, differ from those of Philaster digitiformis, the only species in the genus; a new species, Philaster hiatti, is therefore proposed for this ciliate.


Through elucidating the effects of current density, cupric ion concentration, bath temperature, and air agitation on plating uniformity and filling capability of copper electroplating, the deposition of copper in an acid copper electrolyte will be illustrated to scale down to the sub-0.13 μm features with uniform plating, which is required by chemical mechanical polishing in current damascene techniques. In order to achieve the defect-free filling in sub-0.13 μm vias and trenches, the electrolyte must be composed of proper amounts of cupric ions, sulfuric acid, chloride ions, wetting agent, and filling promoter. The supplied current controlled at a lower current density, agitation acceded to the electroplating process were found as further keys. In the electrolyte, the filling promoter was consisted essentially of thiazole derivatives with benzyl groups and amino-group (−NH2) offering sufficient inhibition on copper depositing and selective inhibition gradient. Moreover, a lower resistivity film and highe...


One of the most salient features of the last decade has been the explosion of information technology. What does the proliferation of new media signify for academic historians? On the one hand, it offers tremendous possibilities for research and the sharing of data. On the other, as instructors and would-be public intellectuals, we find its impact on our culture alarming. I and my colleagues grumble about the visual orientation of our students and their corresponding lack of interest in the written word. Raised on MTv and Nintendo, many college students are acute analyzers of images and adept users of technology, but even the brightest sometimes have trouble following lectures and reading texts closely. Yet, the same technologies and visual information delivery systems offer new ways to reach our students. The following essay recounts my personal experiences as a former technophobe who "went electric" and incorporated multimedia technology into instruction with some success.


Availability of healthy stock of seedlings for planting, and their disease-free condition subsequently in the field are the important aspects of the management. Eucalyptus is an economically important plantation species extensively cultivated in different parts of the country. Wide range of fungal and bacterial pathogens attack seedlings, saplings and trees of Eucalyptus causing major losses in nurseries and plantations. An attempt was made to identify different disease problems on clonal plantations of Eucalyptus in Andhra Pradesh, Kerala and Tamil Nadu (South India). In the present investigation, seven different fungal pathogens viz., Alternaria, Cercospora, Coniella, Cylindrocladium, Corticium, Lasiodiplodia and Pestalotiopsis were recorded causing leaf and stem diseases in three different clonal plantations in South India. There was a variation in the incidence and distribution of these diseases during two year period of observations. Leaf spot disease caused by Alternaria alternata was recorded in all the 3 study locations. Cylindrocladium leaf blight disease was observed on 2 locations. Twenty different clones of Eucalyptus were screened against pink disease pathogen Corticium salmonicolor by using toxin rooted shoot cutting bioassay method under in vitro. This study is a preliminary selection of comparatively resistant or tolerant clones of Eucalyptus.


Profiting from its simplicity and high cost performance,MapReduce programming paradigm is suitable for massive parallel data processing.However,MapReduce's lacking supports for multiple data source,component reuse,and data visua-lization bring in problems such as low efficiency development and redundant coding.A new design and implementation of MapReduce-based data mining platform is proposed to give reference implementation of massive data mining,data visualization and business intelligence applications based on Hadoop.Based on this proposal,a massive data mining tool is implemented.


With design disciplines and territories expanding rapidly, and design being positioned as a potential means of responding to grand global challenges, graduates of today are increasingly expected to work in dynamic and fluid ways; able to approach any wicked problem creatively. The authors of this paper contend that a design innovation approach is about developing agility and flexibility to be able to respond to any complex scenario where design could be employed or required.

Using an action research approach within a single case study, which draws upon a current PGT Programme in Design Innovation, we propose that there is value in training students in 4 key areas: i) understanding a context before responding, ii) engendering empathy, iii) crafting appropriate research methods and iv) bringing form to the intangible complex.To illustrate how this operationalised, the paper will draw on the experiences of a residential student trip, where design innovation Masters students worked with cohorts from two international schools.

We fully acknowledge that one learning experience, despite being shared by 3 institutions doesn't mean that solid and scaleable conclusions can be drawn, but we offer our insights to date for discussion, and to inform future learning activities and curriculum designs.


The rise of the new generation of Malaysian Chinese writers is an important event in the Malaysian, and even the entire Southeast Asian Chinese literary circle since 1990s. In their works, the new generation of writers repeatedly express strong emotions about Diaspora, which reflect not only their crisis of national identity, but also their ethnographer consciousness of the "minority image in territory" that they try to establish by a historical narrative of their Diaspora. Nevertheless, despite their quest of national identity, they naturally conflict with the Malaysian authorities' ideology of Malaysian National Community. And in the context of globalization, the two kinds of departmental selfishness are both faced with a new serious crisis.


ABSTRACTEngineering ethics cannot be reduced to the ethics of individual engineers but must be considered in situ, within the sociocultural and environmental contexts of a research or design projec...


Glasses and glass-ceramics have received considerable attention as substrate materials in electronic packaging because of their low (<5) dielectric constant at 1 MHz. It is also known that low molecular weight species lower the contribution to electronic polarization which is primarily responsible for changes in the dielectric constant at these frequencies. In this study, borosilicate gels have been synthesized using a modified oxide sol-precipitation process utilizing oxide precursors. Nitridation of these gels has been initiated by combining air and ammonia heat treatments at different temperatures. The effects of incorporation of nitrogen on the structure of these gels have been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Similarly, the effects of nitrogen on the densification behavior of these gels have also been analyzed. At the same time, the dielectric constants of these glasses have been measured using impedance techniques. FTIR results indicate that the incorporation of nitrogen helps to decrease the borosiloxy (B-O-Si) bonds, causing a corresponding increase in B-N and Si-N bonds. Introduction of nitrogen into the gel network was seen to retard the densification kinetics and delay the crystallization onset for most of the nitrided glasses, while causing a gradual lowering of the dielectric constant.