Recording capacity per one recording layer is increased, the information recording medium size SBM is changed depending on the size of the spare area, become interdependent and the DDS and SBM, the disc management information is less likely to get. In the information recording medium of the present invention, if the assigned most increase the size of the user data area, the number of blocks needed to store the space bitmap is In such an information recording medium, and the number of blocks needed to store the space bitmap recording layer with a


1. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of glipizide controlled‐release (CR) tablets monotherapy with that of glipizide CR tablets plus acarbose on glycaemic variability in newly diagnosed Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients using a continuous glucose‐monitoring system (CGMS).


On 15 June 2000, the Institut de Veille Sanitaire (InVS) in Saint-Maurice, France, was contacted by a physician from the infectious diseases service at Bichat hospital, Paris, about the occurrence of several cases of hepatitis A in homosexual men infected with HIV (1). At the same time, a member of a network of private physicians (REZO 85) confirmed the recent diagnosis of several cases of hepatitis A among homosexual men in Paris. An investigation into these cases was carried out by the InVS, in collaboration with REZO 85 and the tropical and infectious diseases unit at Rothschild hospital, Paris.


Describes a method for controlling a vehicle headlight (12) of the semiconductor light source (D72, D73, ..., D84) of the luminance, the semiconductor light source is provided by a series circuit of the constant power supply current regulator (52.7) in , and can be individually turned on and off by manipulation of a semiconductor light semiconductor light source unique (D72, D73, ..., D84), wherein the average luminance of the semiconductor light source (D72, D73, ..., D84) by manipulating the semiconductor light source (D72, D73, ..., D84) by means of a pulse width modulated signal to adjust its period duration of the semiconductor light source (D72, D73, ..., D84) is the same. This method is characterized in that the semiconductor light source (D72, D73, D74) should be adjusted to the average brightness of different values, and individually opened at different points in time in the cycle of the PWM signal duration, and with Close to the same semiconductor light source (D72, D73, D74) time point. Other dependent claims relate to automotive lighting control device (14), vehicle headlight (12) and automotive lighting means (10).


Abstract: A clean setting is what they want of this era. Within the name of industrialization and development, a man started destroying mother earth. As a result, garbage pickup has crossed the amount of selling. Garbage management could be a serious issue that has been increasing day- by- day. So, managing it became the priority of today's world. As the man had understood the importance of mother earth moreover as nature. Some pretty solutions had been implying by IoT. Smart cities, smart garbage management systems, smart bins are the different ways to manage waste. This paper includes two better ways of handling waste. The robotic arm and Eddy Current separator concept are used as they are the latest of all. To make the garbage management system more effective these concepts should come in front. Human intervention will be excluded. Making it one of the powerful solutions. Saving our mother earth is the responsibility of every citizen. Though people had understood the importance of our nature and taking the necessary steps to save it. Keywords: Garbage Management System, Smart Bin, Robotic Arm, Eddy Current Separator, Municipal Solid Waste.


The phrase sustainable development as a concept is one of the emerging international environmental rhetorics the world over which has become a curricular issue for all and sundry. It gained prominence in 1992 at the United Nations (UN) Conference held in Rio de Janeiro where it was agreed that Sustainable Development (SD) can be achieved essentially through the process of education. As a result, since the beginning of the 21st century in Nigeria, sustainable development issue is being addressed through curriculum innovations and curriculum offerings. This study examined cross-curricular diversification and implementation in Nigerian educational institutions for sustainable development. In the descriptive survey, three research questions were raised, and Cross-curricular Offerings for Sustainable Development Scale (COSDS) with a reliability index of 0.81 was used for data collection. A total of 400 teacher educators were randomly sampled from educational institutions in Ogun State, Nigeria. The study revealed that the participants' level of awareness of innovative curricula in Nigerian education for sustainable development was highest for civic education / citizenship education (100.0%) and lowest for capital market studies (20.0%). The challenges affecting cross-curricular diversification and implementation include curriculum overload (62.50), lack of adequate interdepartmental collaboration (73.8%) and structural curricular problem (66.0%). The researchers recommended the need for further promotion of curricular diversification by giving more attention to the strategies submitted in this study.


The presence of stiffness contrasts at scales larger than the typical pore sizes but smaller than the predominant seismic wavelengths can produce seismic attenuation and velocity dispersion in fluid‐saturated porous rocks. This energy dissipation mechanism is caused by wave‐induced fluid pressure diffusion among the different components of the probed geological formations. In many cases, heterogeneities have elongated shapes and preferential orientations, which implies that the overall response of the medium is anisotropic. In this work, we propose a numerical upscaling procedure that permits to quantify seismic attenuation and phase velocity considering fluid pressure diffusion effects as well as generic anisotropy at the sample's scale. The methodology is based on a set of three relaxation tests performed on a 2‐D synthetic rock sample representative of the medium of interest. It provides a complex‐valued frequency‐dependent equivalent stiffness matrix through a least squares procedure. We also derive an approach for computing various poroelastic fields associated with the considered sample in response to the propagation of a seismic wave with arbitrary incidence angle. Using this approach, we provide an energy‐based estimation of seismic attenuation. A comprehensive numerical analysis indicates that the methodology is suitable for handling complex media and different levels of overall anisotropy. Comparisons with the energy‐based estimations demonstrate that the dynamic‐equivalent viscoelastic medium assumption made by the numerical upscaling procedure is reasonable even in the presence of high levels of overall anisotropy. This work also highlights the usefulness of poroelastic fields for the physical interpretation of seismic wave phenomena in strongly heterogeneous and complex media.


High‐temperature plasmas were generated by focussing 225‐J gain‐switched CO2 laser pulses onto planar solid targets within the bore of a Bitter solenoid magnet. DC magnetic fields up to 100 kG were applied parallel to the laser propagation vector, partially confining a long plasma column streaming away from the target. Target materials included teflon (CF2), graphite, and Al. Soft x‐ray diagnostics, including a dual‐channel, time‐resolving TAP crystal spectrometer, a pinhole camera, and differentially‐filtered p‐i‐n diodes, were used to determine electron density, electron temperature, and axial and radial expansion characteristics of the plasma. From these measurements, it was deduced that effects of refraction became increasingly important as B was increased; furthermore, these effects were strongly dependent on target material. For all targets, refraction occurred late in the pulse when the radially confined plasmas left the focal volume. For teflon and aluminum targets, but not for the lower Z graphit...


One-to-one tutoring has long been recognized as superior to group instruction, especially for students with special needs. Tutoring can adapt instruction to the learner's pace, learning style, and level of understanding. Feedback and correction are immediate. Basic misunderstandings can be quickly identified and corrected, practice provided, and more difficult material introduced as soon as the student is ready.


In this paper we study the dynamic versions of two basic graph problems: Minimum Dominating Set and its variant Minimum Connected Dominating Set. For those two problems, we present algorithms that maintain a solution under edge insertions and edge deletions in time $O(\Delta\cdot \text{polylog}~n)$ per update, where $\Delta$ is the maximum vertex degree in the graph. In both cases, we achieve an approximation ratio of $O(\log n)$, which is optimal up to a constant factor (under the assumption that $P \ne NP$). Although those two problems have been widely studied in the static and in the distributed settings, to the best of our knowledge we are the first to present efficient algorithms in the dynamic setting.
As a further application of our approach, we also present an algorithm that maintains a Minimal Dominating Set in $O(min(\Delta, \sqrt{m}))$ per update.


Newtonian and Scrödinger dynamics can be formulated in a physically meaningful way within the same Hilbert space framework. The resulting unexpected relation between classical and quantum motions goes beyond the results provided by the Ehrenfest theorem. The normal probability distribution and the Born rule turn out to be related. Here a dynamical mechanism responsible for the latter formula is proposed and applied to measurements of macroscopic and microscopic systems. A new meaning of the wave function collapse is proposed. The results are used to explore the classical behavior of macroscopic bodies in quantum theory.


Worldwide manufacturing capacities of hydroquinone, resorcinol, and catechol are 50,000, 30,000, and 25,000 t/y, respectively. Selective processes leading to hydroquinone are achieved by the oxidation of aniline using manganese dioxide or the hydroperoxidation of para-diisopropylbenzene. Selective resorcinol synthesis use alkali fusion of the m-benzenedisulfonic acid and the hydroperoxidation of m-diisopropylbenzene. Coproduction of hydroquinone and catechol is based on phenol hydroxylation by hydrogen peroxide. Much research has been devoted to the hydroxylation of phenol by hydrogen peroxide, in order to try to better master the ratio hydroquinone–catechol. In homogeneous catalysis, it has been found that it is possible to favor the formation of hydroquinone using benzaldehydes or benzophenones in conjunction with a strong acid. In the field of heterogeneous catalysis, the discovery of titanium silicalite (a synthetic molecular sieve) allowed phenol conversion up to 20%. In this case, solvent effects can favor the formation of hydroquinone. Numerous syntheses of hydroquinone, resorcinol, and catechol derivatives have been described.

Keywords:

Hydroquinone;
Resorcinol;
Catechol;
Derivatives;
Aniline;
Hydrogen peroxide;
Fusion;
Photographic developer;
Inhibitors;
Food uses;
Adhesives


Abstract : In summary we experimentally observe the increase of the PL intensity in InAs/GaAs self assembled QDs induced by subband 1.06 micron optical excitation. For low interband excitation density the relative increase reaches the value of 40%. The relative increase of PL intensity saturates at high density of subband excitation. We would like to point that the present observation may be useful in the attempts to decrease the threshold current density in QD lasers.


Key Points Question How do electronic health records (EHRs), team functioning and communication, and clinician well-being intersect from the point of view of physicians? Findings In this qualitative study comprising 73 attending and resident physicians, the EHR was reported to be the dominant communication modality among teams, facilitating straightforward and task-related communication but limiting rich and social communication. The EHR was reported to negatively affect team function and team well-being. Meaning The findings of this study suggest that positive aspects of EHR use support task-oriented and efficient communication among team members; however, the technology shifts attention away from the human needs of the care team, and interventions to cultivate interpersonal interactions and team function are necessary to complement the efficiency benefits of health information technology.


Records of pentastomid arthropods parasitic in Australian reptiles and mammals are reviewed, with particular reference to material collected recently. Specimens representative of six genera are described. Sebekia sp. from the estuarine crocodile, Crocodylusporosus, is the first record of the genus in Australia and probably represents a new species. A nymph with double hooks, from the dasyurid marsupial Satanellus hallucatus, is determined as Waddycephalus sp. This represents the first evidence of double hooks in nymphal forms of the genus and of the role of marsupials as intermediate hosts of Waddycephalus. Nymphs from the peramelid marsupial, Isoodon macrourus, and from S, hallucatus are determined as Armillifer australis Riley & Self, 1981; those from Perameles nasuta are identified as A. arborealis Riley & Self, 1981. These represent the first records of marsupials as intermediate hosts of Armillifer. Adults of the genus Elenia Heymons, 1932 are confirmed as parasites of varanid lizards. E. australis Heymons, 1932 is recognized and it is suggested that specimens described by Heymons (1939), allegedly from Varanus varius at Townsville, Qld, may represent a new species. The cosmopolitan porocephalid Linguatula serrata Frolich, 1789 is recorded from the nasopharynx of the dingo or wild dog and the validity of the indigenous species, L. dingophila Johnson, 1910 is discussed. The cephalobaenid Raillietiella amphiboluri Mahon, 1954 is reported from Amphibolurus barbatus.


The method is for producing insulated flat concrete building components and involves the creation of an insulating layer (2a,2b) on a base surface and a concrete pouring unit is moved from above along the base surface. Thus concrete is poured onto the insulating layer. The poured concrete is allowed to harden to some degree and attachment occurs between the insulating layer and the concrete. Flat building components are then formed from the joined insulating layer and the concrete at cutting points crossways to the direction of movement. The insulating layer is provided with upright side walls (4a,4b) which extend at least to the height of the poured concrete. The side walls function as casting walls during the pouring of the concrete onto the insulating layer.


Ion-pair association constants (K) for long-chain alkyltrimethylammonium salts of the bile acids have been measured conductometrically at 25°C in 0.1 mole fraction ethanol-water. The free energy of ion-pair formation (ΔG°ip = -RT ln K) was separated into its electrostatic and hydrophobic components by examining the effect of alkyl chain length on ΔG°ip. The electrostatic contribution was the same for each bile acid and agreed with the value previously obtained for long-chain alkyltrimethyl-ammonium carboxylate ion pairs under the same conditions. The hydrophobic contribution depended on the structure of the bile acid and varied linearly with the number of OH groups. (There are no significant attractive forces between non-polar groups in water. Hydrophobic interaction is the tendency of non-polar groups to associate because this minimizes their energetically unfavourable contact with water.) Our results support current theories of hydrophobic interaction and give an indication of the extent of the effect of neighbouring polar groups on hydrophobic interaction. Extrapolation to zero OH groups gave an estimate of the free energy of hydrophobic interaction (ΔG°HI) between an alkyl chain and a cholesterol analogue (a steroid ring system with a single polar substituent). This value of ΔG°HI was -2.77 kJ mol-1 per methylene group compared with -2.24 kJ mol-1 per methylene group for hydrophobic interaction between two alkyl chains. (The small difference is explained by the greater number of water molecules displaced in an alkyl-steroid contact than in an alkyl-alkyl contact.) This result conflicts with claims made by other workers that the steroid-alkyl interaction is weak, or that cholesterol is less hydrophobic than its structure indicates.


One of the outcomes of the continuous research on the evolution of distributed computing is the Web services. The aim of this paper is to represent Power System data effectively in XML in order to improve the interoperability and to develop an enhanced distributed model for unique XMLised Power System Data generation for solving various Power System applications in heterogeneous environment. Power System industries are now increasingly becoming privatized and hence the system data is becoming increasingly distributed, with more constrained and complex operational and control requirements. Because of the complex physical connectivity of the power systems, all levels of industry like generation, transmission, distribution and market need proper operational and equipmental data. As expected, the data to be shared between different power system applications is huge and hence it is vital to have an efficient and reliable data generation model to reduce more human efforts and to have the data in a secure and compatible form. The developed JAX-RPC-based model has the capability to generate the data dynamically in XML, fetching the power system data from various sources such as database, text file, etc. The standards such as XML and SOAP enable software design based on loose coupling which reduces restriction and eliminates similarity requirement between coordinating applications.


Aim:To establish the whole-cell recording techniques of the neuronal α4β2,α4β4,and α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors heterologously expressed in SH-EP1 cell line and discuss the electrophysiological characteristics of their open states. Methods:The cells were cultured with DEME medium(high glucose) and suitable for electrophysiological experiments three days after passage. The receptors were induced from res-ting states into open states by rapid application of nicotine(α4β2,α4β4) or choline(α7 ). Results:The SH-EP1 cells cultured by this method were in good conditions and expressed plenty of receptors. α4β2,α4β4 and α7 inward currents could be induced by rapid application of agonists but had different dynamic processes against time. All the three types of currents were dose and voltage-dependent and had inward rectification property. Conclusion:The open states of neuronal α4β2,α4β4,and α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and their transitions have distinct characteristics and the inward currents of all this three types of receptors are dose and voltage-dependent and have inward rectification property.


We introduce a variational approach for the quantum inverse scattering method to exactly solve a class of Hamiltonians via Bethe ansatz methods. We undertake this in a manner which does not rely on any prior knowledge of integrability through the existence of a set of conserved operators. The procedure is conducted in the framework of Hamiltonians describing the crossover between the low-temperature phenomena of superconductivity, in the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer theory, and Bose–Einstein condensation. The Hamiltonians considered describe systems with interacting Cooper pairs and a bosonic degree of freedom. We obtain general exact solvability requirements which include seven subcases that have previously appeared in the literature.


Insect pollinators depopulation is a problem that is worrying experts worldwide. Between the species which are considered at risk, the honeybee (apis mellifera) is known to be the most efficient. The number of colony collapse events is continuously growing due to parasites such as varroa mites infestations, extended use of pesticides in agriculture, unstable climatic conditions and bee-specific diseases. Monitoring systems are needed in order to analyse bee activity, having the scope of checking hive's health and honey production quality. Whereas standard methods with weight scales, optical cameras or temperature sensors are affected by inaccurate or incomplete results, modern millimetre-wave radar have the potential to measure position and velocity of targets in the scene through micro-Doppler signature. In this paper first results from a experimental field measurement campaign on an apis mellifera carnica bee hive in South Tyrol, Italy, are presented.


The government has realized the significance of population inflow with graduate and above education level for urban development in cities and made a series of policies. But it has insufficient understanding on the factors impacting long-term settlement of these people,and the policy making is lack of foundation and has negative effectiveness. Domestic and foreign scholars have done many studies on factors impacting long-term settlement of floating population,but there are few studies on this group from the perspective of soci-demographic characteristics. Population with graduate and above education level is an important part of floating population,whose soci-demographic characteristics,such as education level、age and families' situation are quite different from other parts. We apply Logit Regression in discrete choice model to analyze factors that affect long-term settlement,including gender、age、education background、 spouse's place of domicile and families' situation,by analyzing concerned literatures substantially and the way of questionnaire and direct interview in order to know factors affecting long-term settlement of these people. The study can be the theoretical basis for the government to make concerned policies


This essay is a genealogy of the performances of extensively tattooed individuals in tattoo contests held at tattoo conventions. It focuses on how the body in performance cites historical discourses and how that citation is necessary for both resistant and recuperative effects. I argue that the force of the normalizing discourse of class to contain and dictate the meaning of the (tattooed) body is challenged through actual and immanent movement. I conclude by emphasizing the resistant potential that is always immanent in the body by showing how the explicitly tattooed body's actions overflow and subsequently dismantle the logic of class normalization even as they resist and recuperate it.


Software products nowadays are becoming increasingly complex, containing modules directed for different devices, such as mobile and web. To maintain the quality of these products, development companies may adopt software testing techniques, such as end-to-end functional adequacy tests. However, a challenge arises when these companies serve diverse clients employing various technologies, requiring their developers and testers to possess knowledge across all these technologies. In this paper, we report our experience using the Automated Testing Framework (ATF), which makes the development of end-to-end functional adequacy tests easier for various types of devices in a standardized and organized manner. We also discuss its use on projects from two real clients presenting productivity data and feedback collected from the testers. Based on their feedback, we present the challenges they face and how we intend to tackle them.


Generally, process patterns are considered as patterns capturing reusable development activities, and serve as building blocks for constructing new processes. However, such a definition is not adequate to represent the original idea of process patterns that aims to capture and reuse diverse process knowledge. In this work, we broaden the definition and application of process patterns to take more advantage of them for different process modeling needs. First, we formalized the process pattern concept so that it can capture various kinds of process knowledge. Then, we proposed different ways for reusing process patterns to generate or improve process models. These propositions were rigorously defined in a UML-based meta-model to permit describing processes based on process patterns with standard notations, and to facilitate the development of supporting tools.


OBJECTIVE To establish a HPLC fingerprint analysis for the quality control of Carthamus tinctonvs L. .METHODS The HPLC method was performed on a Zorbax SB-C18 column(4.6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm)with gradient elution. The mobile phase consisted of ace-tonitrile-0.5% phosphoric acid. The flow rate was 0.8 mL·min-1, the detection wavelength was at 275 nm, and the column temperature was at 30 ℃ .The data were analyzed by "Computer Aided Similarity Evaluation" software to compare the quality of different batches of Carthamus tinctorius L. samples. RESULTS 23 batches of Carthamus tinctorius L. were determined based on the similarity analysis. CONCLUSION The method is simple and reliable, and provide a reference standard for the quality control of Carthamus tinctorius L.


The dynamics of neutralization of the space charge of a relativistic electron beam with magnetized electrons is studied theoretically for the case when neutralization is due to ionizing collisions of the beam electrons and secondary ions with gas atoms. It is shown that the density of the ions that form peaks at the center of the beam and falls off toward the periphery; neutralization of the Coulomb force produced by the space charge is therefore possible only in the velocity of a fixed point, whose coordinate increases with time.


Headlinese, the language of English news headlines, stands out as a unique feature of the English-speaking press worldwide. Yet, as the age of the printing press fades away in favour of digital platforms, so does the way traditional news media reach out to their readership evolve into new territories.Although originally motivated by the space constraints of the printed page, the non-standard syntactic features of headlinese have remarkably survived the shift to the web, where such constraints do not exist. Indeed, its fundamentally aoristic morphosyntax is instrumental in optimizing the relevance of headlines, thereby luring the reader into accessing content and generating revenue.However, the shift to the digital age has introduced a number of radical changes. As Internet users increasingly gather their news through Google and its ilk rather than by picking a paper at the newsstand, the importance of attractive headlines has diminished in contrast to their ability to score highly in search engines. As a result, the traditional function of headlines is being devolved to a new medium, Twitter. It is on this platform that the old headline seems to be revived, both in terms of purpose and form, but in a renewed, less aphoristic expression, which traditional media are still slow to adopt.Looking at a corpus of 1,800 news website headlines and 2,400 news tweets from some of the major online outlets provides some quantitative as well as qualitative insights into how the pragmatically oriented syntax of headlinese is evolving to keep the seduction working.


In order to explore possible relationships between class size and the quality of teaching a study of teaching styles reported by Eggleston, Galton and Jones during the 1970s was replicated with 60 year 9 secondary school classrooms where the National Curriculum was being studied. The same three teaching styles reported by Eggleston et al. were observed, but, in contrast to the earlier study, the less-effective informational teaching style was found to be used twice as much in the 'National Curriculum' classrooms as the problem-solving and inquiry styles. It is suggested that a lack of funding for education, and the influence of SATs (Standard Assessment Tests) and league tables, might be factors influencing teachers in their choice of less effective, non-practical teaching styles. Variations in teaching styles according to class size were examined. It was found that teachers were especially likely to adopt ineffectual, informational teaching styles when teaching large classes.


This chapter looks at the experiences older adults have using computers and the Internet in the context of one e-inclusion effort in Romania. Biblionet – Global Libraries Romania is a project that provides computers to public libraries throughout that country. One of Biblionet's first public access computer centers located outside of a public library opened at a pensioners' club in the city of Zalau. Local librarians who have taken Biblionet-sponsored "train the trainer" courses have adapted instructional methods for older users. Ethnographic research at the pensioners' club has uncovered a variety of experiences around new technology, especially in how computer use is both informed by and extended kin or family work. The project is discussed in the context of NGO-led development initiatives to illustrate the importance of including the wider ICT development landscape (and methods) when studying users, ICTs, and information use.


Proper handling, treatment and disposal of biomedical wastes are important elements of health care office infection control programme. Correct procedure will help protect health care workers, patients and the local community. If properly designed and applied, waste management can be a relatively effective and an efficient compliance-related practice. This review article discusses about the various types of waste, its management and the hazards of indiscriminate disposal of hospital waste and in brief about dental waste management.


A recent nonlinear energy method introduced in [19, 20] leads to
another construction global solutions near Maxwellian for the Boltzmann equation over the whole space. Moreover, the optimal time decay, uniform stability
and the optimal time stability of the solutions to the Boltzmann equation are
all obtained via such a energy method.


Surgery today owes much to the services of early practitioners who made their advances as a result of wide clinical experience and compassion. This two-part series explores the careers of Percivall Pott and William Arbuthnot Lane. Sir William Arbuthnot Lane was the most brilliant technical surgeon in Britain during the first half of the 20th century. He was one of the many famous physicians and surgeons to train at Guy's Hospital in London since its founding in 1724. Although some of his ideas may be controversial, he had made many original contributions and innovations in a variety of surgical techniques. He introduced mastoid drainage in purulent otitis media with specially designed chisels and gouges; resection of the cervical oesophagus for cancer and reconstruction by skin graft; and the repair of cleft lip and palate in neonates. His greatest contribution must be the introduction of the 'no-touch technique' in open reduction and plating of long bone fractures by Lane's steel plates. In later life, Lane became obsessed with the role of regular bowel motion in health. To combat various real or imagined ailments, he first short-circuited and later resected the whole large intestine. When surgery failed to resolve the problem, Lane advised regularly taking paraffin oil for the relief of constipation. He was a firm believer as well as a pioneer in alternative or homeopathic medicine. Lane's concept of chronic intestinal stasis is a classic case of a flawless surgical technique subservient to a faulty hypothesis.


: Overview: Physical forces are known to affect biological structure and modulate the extracellular matrix. Collagen is the most abundant protein outside the cell, and it is clearly highlighted through Masson trichrome and van Geison ' s stain. This research aimed to calculate the specific concentration of collagen within histology slides, after being subjected to sessions of intermittent negative pressure (INP), using Adobe® Photoshop® software and mice models. Objectives: To measure the collagen concentration in histology slides through Adobe® Photoshop®, using two types of stains: Masson trichrome, and van Gieson ' s stain. Methods: Sixteen mice were put into sessions of INP ten minutes daily, for three weeks. Skin tissues were extracted from test and control sides. Stained slides were photographed and inserted in the Adobe® Photoshop® program to measure collagen concentration according to the specified calculated areas within the slides. Results: Masson ' s trichrome slides gave a mean Collagen concentration of (58.4%) in the test slides, compared to the control which was (39.9%). In van Gieson stained slides, the collagen gave a mean concentration of (54.93%) in test slides and (41.32%) in the control. The difference was statistically insignificant in both staining. Conclusion: Applying INP to mice skin for three weeks did not significantly change the concentration of the collagen in the extracellular matrix. van Gieson stain.


TMS can provide maps of reactivity and connectivity. Magnetic stimulation can be used to influence the brain in order to test scientific hypotheses or to obtain diagnostic information. TMS appears to become also a major therapeutic modality, although much work needs to be done to verify results obtained so far. With many new paradigms to come, the future of TMS as a brain mapping tool seems very bright.

Keywords:

TMS;
magnetic stimulation;
magnetic field;
electric currents;
neuronal firing;
neuroimaging tools


There are mainly three differences of social concern about the aged between China and the west: Firstly,the difference rooted in the culture of ancestor worship,filial piety versus God worship,fraternity;secondly,the difference in practical form between family provision and social endowment;thirdly the difference of the ultimate goal of life between virtue immortality and return to god The two social aging-concern practice modes can be complementary to each other to some degree and will converge in common background of population aging and economic globalization.


Location-based service (LBS) for both security and commercial use is becoming more and more important with the rise of 5G. Fingerprint localization (FL) is one of the most efficient positioning methods for both indoor and outdoor localization. However, the positioning time of previous research cannot achieve real-time requirement and the positioning error is meter level. In this paper, we concentrated on high-performance in massive multiple-in-multiple-out (MIMO) systems. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is applied to reduce the dimension of fingerprint, so that the positioning time is about tens of milliseconds with lower storage. What's more, a novel fingerprint called Angle Delay Fingerprint (ADF) is proposed. Simulation result of the positioning method based on ADF shows the positioning error is about 0.3 meter and the positioning time is about hundreds of milliseconds, which is much better than other previous known methods. (Foundation items: Social Development Projects of Jiangsu Science and Technology Department (No.BE2018704).)


In the current context, when so many policies on international development are changing significantly, it is challenging to write an editorial which may quickly become dated. As I write, we see development ministers across Europe turning their backs on policies such as budget support, the principles behind the Paris Declaration, and co-funding for international NGOs. In their place we see the re-introduction of new conditionalities; a focus on short-term 'results'; and a reduced list of priorities, such as security and basic welfare. Some policies are being dumped, or adopted, in line with political changes rather than as the result of serious evidence-based reviews. Policies which have not yet even been fully evaluated are being side-tracked or (quietly) dropped because development ministers wish to avoid public statements undermining processes their governments have already agreed upon. The right of politicians to change policies is not in dispute. Indeed, many areas of public life beyond international development are vulnerable to about turns, and the sudden introductions of new policies, practices and priorities. However, we still have to question whether the current obsession with evidence, results and evaluations is as genuine as claimed when decisions seem to be made on the basis of a political position rather than real evidence. Such questions over the real links between evidence and policy are a concern to Development in Practice, which seeks to share actual experiences and evaluations, and therefore to inform political decision makers. In this issue we have, as always, a range of impressive and diverse experiences of development. Increasingly we are seeing examples of 'development' interventions which come from outside of the traditional aid industry, although as Kiikpoye K. Aaron notes in his viewpoint on the oil-rich Niger Delta, the current interest in corporate social responsibility must be tested against the possible inherent conflict between profit-seeking and sustainable development. Radhika Gajjala et al. look at another alternative form of intervention – the growth of online micro-finance programmes. They analyse one such online network, Kiva.org, which has lent US$78 million to 180,000 people in 45 countries and claims a repayment rate of 98%. Such person-to-person lending, along with person-to-person grant making, looks set to be an important area to continue to monitor in future. Whether it supersedes the costly old model which uses aid workers, agencies, structures, and their procedures as middle men is yet to be seen. We have a few articles which capture learning from the struggle to find ways of engaging small-scale farmers to increase their production and incomes. Paul Van Mele et al. review two programmes with West African rice farmers and try to identify some of the reasons why the programmes turned out differently in Ghana and Mali. They point out that the tendency


In this paper, we present a secure and efficient metering scheme to measure the interaction between clients and servers in Web advertising. In most cases, Web advertising is composed of advertisers, clients, servers and an audit agency that collects metering information about the number of clients that are served by each server. The metering scheme should always be secure against fraud attempts by servers that maliciously try to inflate the number of their clients and against clients that attempt to disrupt the metering process, so we suggest secure and efficient metering schemes based on some cryptographic techniques.


$25,000 to $55,000 per year with a bachelor's degree Academia (many disciplines, incl. anthropology, sociology, biology, law, geography, political science, history, English, philosophy) Agriculture Biology Conservation Environmental Law, Education, Economics, Engineering, Science Forest Service Land Management Landscape Design and Architecture Bachelor of Arts in Geography and Environmental Studies English, 4 years Math, 4 years Science, 4 years History, 2-3 years Foreign Language, 2-4 years


On the basis of the interaction between tritiated PGBx and rat liver mitochondria, it appears that PGBx interacts with rat liver mitochondria to form a complex. At low PGBx-mitochondrial ratios, one effect of this complex formation is to stabilize the phosphorylation activity of rat liver mitochondria when exposed for short times to hypotonic solutions. At higher PGBx-mitochondrial ratios, PGBx fails to show this effect. At low PGBx concentrations, PGBx is also shown to inhibit release of amino acids and proteins as well as glutamic acid dehydrogenase and monoamine oxidase from the mitochondria and to inhibit mitochondrial swelling.


Leasing Public Land: Policy Debates and International Experience, Steven C. Bourassa and Yu Hung Hong (eds), Cambridge, MA, Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, 320 pp., $20.00 (p/b) This fascinating work deals with a not very fashionable topic which nevertheless goes to the heart of some of the key dilemmas in the control of land use. In 2000, under the auspices of the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy, Bourassa and Hong brought together experts from 10 countries whose papers form the basis of Leasing Public Land. The editors' intentions are clear. They wished to explore how far governments could and did achieve policy goals through the public leasing of land. They were concerned to know how institutions and organisations could affect governments' ability to achieve those goals through public leaseholds. They wanted to establish if there was in fact a common set of enabling institutions for public leasehold that would guarantee its success as an instrument of public policy. The countries represented in this volume include mature economies like those of the USA and members of the EU; countries like China, the Ukraine and Poland that represent economies in transition; places like Hong Kong and Canberra which by virtue of a British inheritance have had long experience with the use of leaseholds; and countries where the use of leasehold tenure is fairly recent. The editors freely admit that there are some notable omissions, particularly Russia and Singapore, but this is not enough to invalidate their intentions. In essence, leasehold tenure is simply explained - a freeholder conveys certain use of development rights in land to the lessee for a term of years without the freeholder renouncing title to this land. At the end of the lease the land reverts to the freeholder. In practice, the complexities of leasehold tenure, particularly where the freeholder is a public authority, are legion. The chapters assembled here reveal a bewildering array of behaviour and justifications for the use of leasehold tenure, and a variety of critiques of the effectiveness of leasehold tenure to deliver the objectives set for it. In some systems the lease is secured by the payment of an annual land rent, which may be adjusted upwards to reflect incremental change in land values; in others, notably Hong Kong and Israel, rent is capitalised as a premium payment on accession to the lease. So, too, from the very different experience of the USA and the Ukraine, Baxter and Strong both come down in favour of short leases as a more certain way of ensuring public control, while in Poland Dale-Johnson and Brzeski argue for long leases to give confidence to developers. But behind the specific differences, a number of key themes emerge. The first has to do with the public policy objectives set for the use of leasehold tenure, and the case studies demonstrate that those objectives are far from being well articulated or the potential conflicts fully understood. Revenue earning and the capture of development value are frequently identified as reasons for public authorities retaining title to land that they lease to private developers. But perhaps only in Hong Kong, where income from leaseholds is a significant proportion of government revenue, has that objective been fully met in practice. In Amsterdam, Needham shows that the net income from leasing is a mere 1.3 per cent of current expenditure, albeit an income directly under the control of the city, which could then be directly used to create infrastructure. …


Combined with the experimental road general situation of Qinghai province,it introduces the design methods of asphalt stability basis mixture,the construction technology and rolling technology of asphalt stability basis, and analyses the economical benefit of different pavement structure,this supplies reference to further perfect the construction technology and quality control facility of asphalt stability basis.


X-Linked recessive bulbospinal neuronopathy (X-BSNP) has previously been described as a disease in which the first clinical symptoms which occur concern the motor system. A weakness of the shoulder and pelvic girdle muscles as well as cramps and muscle pain in the proximal limbs are normally found in the early stages.1-3 The onset of X-BSNP generally ranges between the ages of 25 and 50 years; the disorder then shows a slow but continuous progression of symptoms.1 3 An involvement of facial and bulbar musculature with fasciculations and atrophy of these muscles and, therefore, often dysarthria and dysphagia, are common symptoms of an advanced stage.1 3 Nevertheless, life expectancy does not seem to be considerably reduced.1Sensory impairment was reported to be minimal or non-existent.1-3

Pathoanatomical studies showed that a degeneration of both the lower motor and primary …


This study aimed to determine context evaluation, input evaluation, process evaluation, and product evaluation in prakerin program by student class XI mechanical engineering senior high school 1 padang. This study use evaluatif descriptif with research are combination between quantitatif and qualitatif. This research use random sampling, because the population smaller than 100 person. Sample in this research are 21 person. The instrument from this research use kuesioner and interview with aimed support result of kuesioner. According the analyze the program of prakerin are very good. From Context responden sayed 95,33 % and 95,48 % the program are very good. From Input responden sayed 95,23 % and 95,21 % the program are very good. From Process responden sayed 95,21 % the program are very good, and from Product the student attended the prakerin program can work or move to high study (university), the conclution are the program require to next level Kata kunci : evaluasi, evaluasi program, evaluasi CIPP


Tension sensor plays an important role in anti-icing work of transmission line, but in the process of back calculating ice thickness, it needs to accurately calculate important parameters such as vertical span, horizontal stress and vertical load, which leads to cumbersome work procedures. Therefore, in this paper, the wavelet decomposition algorithm is used to correct the tension value during non-icing period. The results show that the modified tension value can effectively improve the accuracy of icing thickness calculation by 28.88%; secondly, the pulling force values under the conditions of icing ratio of 0.3 and 0.5 are calculated. Finally, the kernel density function is used to give the thresholds of issuing ice melting warning and starting ice melting pulling force for the straight-line tower and tension tower lines. The conclusion of this paper is simple and accurate.


An approach to derive an Object-Oriented Design (OOD) from a simplified Structure Analysis (SA) is presented. The approach is demonstrated with the BATCES problem statement defined by the Object Oriented Work Group (OOWG) [CRA92]. Unlike other methodologies, the simplified SA/OOD is targeted specifically for Ada. Assuming that Ada is self-documenting, the approach defines the diagrams and tables that complement the code, and not just repeat the information already there. As demanded by typical Ada customers, special emphasis is placed on requirements tracing.The lack of CASE tools has been the primary argument against an Ada specific methodology. Hence, the approach only uses general productivity tools that can run on today's personal computers. Such an approach is practical because the required diagrams and tables have been greatly simplified.


The invention discloses an electrochemical polishing electrolytic solution of zirconium alloy and an electrochemical polishing method of the electrochemical polishing electrolytic solution. The formula is composed of perchloric acid, anhydrous acetic acid and propanoic acid, and is an anhydrous formula; the formula can effectively remove small scratches on the surface of the zirconium alloy and impurities generated in a sand papering polishing process and the like at room temperature, thereby obtaining a good polishing surface and having the advantages of strong practicability, high efficiency, long service life of the solution and the like; and the formula also can be used for zirconium alloy with different components and different shapes. The electrochemical polishing method of the formula can be used for surface pretreatment during operations such as sputtering, electroplating and the like of zirconium alloy, and also can be used for final treatment of devices made of zirconium alloy, thus the application range is wide..


Acquired hemophilia is caused by the spontaneous development of an auto-antibody against factor VIII (FVIII), thereby interfering with its coagulant properties [1]. It is a rare disorder with an incidence of approximately 1 per million population per year [1]. The median age at diagnosis of this disorder is greater than 60 years, although any age group may be affected [1,2]. Cases of acquired FVIII inhibitor are evenly distributed among the sexes. The etiology of acquired FVIII inhibitor remains unclear. However, nearly 50% of instances are associated with other conditions such as the gestational and the postpartum periods, autoimmune disorders including rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, malignancies, and drug allergies [1]. The association of acquired hemophilia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is an extremely rare occurrence [1,3 – 11]. Described herein is such a case of acquired hemophilia in a patient with CLL. The relevant literature is also reviewed. A 69-year-old female was diagnosed with kapparestricted, CD20þ/CD5þ CLL in March 1994. By March 1996, she had developed significant lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. Fludarabine was administered for 5 days every month for 5 months, resulting in resolution of lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly and normalization of blood counts. The sixth cycle of fludarabine was withheld because of prolonged neutropenia and sepsis including left upper lobe pneumonia. The patient underwent a left hip replacement in 2002 without any complications. She remained symptom-free until December 2004 when, at the age of 80 years, she presented with a 7day history of spontaneous hematomata overlying the right elbow and forearm and the left hip. She denied any recent history of infection or new medications. Physical examination also demonstrated 1 – 2 cmsized lymph nodes in bilateral cervical, axillary, and inguinal regions. These findings were stable. Laboratory data disclosed the following: white blood cell (WBC) count 20.3610/l with 61% lymphocytes, hemoglobin 10.0 g/dl, hematocrit 29.8%, platelet count 238610/l, prothrombin time 12.8 s, activated partial thromboplastin time 55 s, FVIII assay 52% (normal 50 – 150%), and FVIII inhibitor titer 10 Bethesda units. One week earlier, her hemoglobin was 11.9 g/dl and hematocrit 36.4%. A diagnosis of FVIII inhibitor was established and treated with cyclophosphamide 50 mg orally twice daily for 5 days every 2 weeks, and prednisone 20 mg orally twice daily. She responded rapidly to the treatment and a week later her FVIII level had increased to 61% and FVIII inhibitor was undetectable. Cyclophosphamide was continued for a total of 5 months and prednisone was tapered over a 10-month period. The levels of FVII declined below 20% between February 2006 and April 2006, without detectable FVIII inhibitor. This decrease in FVIII level was inexplicable but the patient was no longer receiving immunosuppressive agents. The patient was well until July 2006, when she presented with bulky, symptomatic lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and constitutional symptoms requiring treatment with fludarabine in combination with rituximab. Laboratory analysis revealed a WBC count of 217610/l with 93% lymphocytes, a hemoglobin of 9.5 g/dl, a platelet count of 143610/l, a factor VIII assay of 74%, and no evidence of a FVIII inhibitor (Figure 1). Other tests included the following: direct antiglobulin test negative, anti-neutrophil antibody assay


With the growing interest in data science, machine learning is becoming an important part of a well-rounded computer science curriculum. Although more and more schools are starting to teach machine...


A preparation method of feeds for Difake quails adopts the following ingredients by weight percent: 19-22% of corns, 20-24% of soya bean meal, 15-25% of bran, 8-10% of cotton seed cakes, 6-8% of fish meal, 2-6% of bone meal, 0.2-0.3% of methionine, 0.2-0.3% of dicalcium phosphate, 0.2-0.3% of salt, 8-10% of grass seed meal, 2-6% of wheat starch, 0.2-0.3% of vitamin B1, 1.5-2.5% of blood meal, 0.2-0.3% of safflower, 0.2-0.3% of nutgrass, 0.2-0.3% of unibract fritillary bulb, 0.2-0.3% of shizandra berry, 0.2-0.3% of honeysuckle and 0.2-0.3% of atractylodes macrocephala koidz. The preparation method comprises the following steps: proportionally placing the above meal into a multiplex stirrer to be stirred, taking out the meal to be placed into a ring model grinder to be ground, taking out the meal to be placed into a dryer to be dried, taking out the meal to be placed into a ring model swelling machine to be swelled, taking out the meal to be transferred into a ring model rigid granulator to produce precipitated rigid granulated feeds, sieving the feeds by a 80-mesh sieve to obtain the granules with weight of 0.2g singly and sealing and packing the granules according to the required weight.


Obtaining and annotating data can be expensive and time-consuming, especially in complex, low-resource domains. We use GPT-4 and ChatGPT to augment small labeled datasets with synthetic data via simple prompts, in three different classification tasks with varying complexity. For each task, we randomly select a base sample of 500 texts to generate 5,000 new synthetic samples. We explore two augmentation strategies: one that preserves original label distribution and another that balances the distribution. Using a progressively larger training sample size, we train and evaluate a 110M parameter multilingual language model on the real and synthetic data separately. We also test GPT-4 and ChatGPT in a zero-shot setting on the test sets. We observe that GPT-4 and ChatGPT have strong zero-shot performance across all tasks. We find that data augmented with synthetic samples yields a good downstream performance, and particularly aids in low-resource settings, such as in identifying rare classes. Human-annotated data exhibits a strong predictive power, overtaking synthetic data in two out of the three tasks. This finding highlights the need for more complex prompts for synthetic datasets to consistently surpass human-generated ones.


This cohort study explores long noncoding RNA–based immune subtypes associated with survival and response to cancer immunotherapy and presents a novel long noncoding RNA score for immunotherapy prediction using computational algorithms.


Manufacturing industry accounts for about one third of total energy use worldwide. Roughly three quarters of industrial energy use is related to the production of energy-intensive commodities such as ferrous and non-ferrous metals, chemicals and petrochemicals, non-metallic mineral materials, and pulp and paper. In these sectors, energy costs constitute a large proportion of total production costs, so managers pay particular attention to driving them down. As a result, the scope to improve energy efficiency tends to be less in these most energy intensive sectors than in those sectors where energy costs form a smaller proportion of total costs, such as the buildings and transportation sectors. A design of a small power generating system by using renewable energy sources, wind and solar by means of pumped-storage to replace the wind and/or solar power systems with a battery bank energy storage. This research evaluastes the energy efficiency of wind and solar pumped-storage power generation system, and it demonstrates that it is well suited for remote residential applications with intermittent wind and/or solar energy. Through design and cost analysis, it is shown how this type of power systems, could be a very good alternative, with economic benefits and positive social effect. The advantage of pumped storage power system is evaluated, for conditions of intermittent wind, showing a significant improvement of power regulation, resulting in a power-on-demand system capability, concomitant to extra economic benefits. It also evaluates how a solar car can be used especially in a remote areas where gas and natural resources are not available. Thesis Supervisor: Dr. Florian Misoc Title: Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technology Renewable Energy in Industrial Applications 4 | P a g e Acknowledgement I have immense pleasure in successful completion of this work titled: "Renewable Energy Sources in Industrial Applications". The special environment at Southern Polytechnic State University, Marietta that always supports educational activities, facilitated my work on this project. I acknowledge the support, the encouragement, extended for this study by our Professor, Dr. Florian Misoc. I greatly appreciate the motivation and understanding extended for the Case study, by Dr. Florian Misoc, who responded promptly and enthusiastically to my requests for frank comments, despite their congested schedules. We are indebted to all of them, who did their best to bring improvements through their suggestions. I am also thankful to my college' Library Staff & Administrative Staff Southern Polytechnic State University, who directly or indirectly have been helpful in some or the other way. I also thank Google for providing all the information needed, Bank of America for their Annual Budget Report and IEEE for providing all the papers I needed for my research. Renewable Energy in Industrial Applications 5 | P a g e List of Figures 1. Working of solar panel 5 2. Job Creations due to Solar 8 3. Annual Energy potential of Renewable energy resources vs total known recoverable reserves of non-renewable energy sources 9 4. Types of Wind turbine 11 5. Working of Hydro Energy 13 6. Pumped Storage Plant 16 7. Power Station 19 8. The annual solar radiation and the clearness index 21 9. The Monthly Wind Speed Data 22 10. Daily Load Profile for the residential Site 22 11. Schematic of Power station 26 12. Monthly Average Electric Production 28 Renewable Energy in Industrial Applications 6 | P a g e Table of


Abstract Background Use of fall prevention strategies requires detection of high-risk patients. Our goal was to develop prediction models for falls and recurrent falls in community-dwelling older adults and to improve upon previous models by using a large, pooled sample and by considering a wide range of candidate predictors, including medications. Methods Harmonized data from 2 Dutch (LASA, B-PROOF) and 1 German cohort (ActiFE Ulm) of adults aged ≥65 years were used to fit 2 logistic regression models: one for predicting any fall and another for predicting recurrent falls over 1 year. Model generalizability was assessed using internal–external cross-validation. Results Data of 5 722 participants were included in the analyses, of whom 1 868 (34.7%) endured at least 1 fall and 702 (13.8%) endured a recurrent fall. Positive predictors for any fall were: educational status, depression, verbal fluency, functional limitations, falls history, and use of antiepileptics and drugs for urinary frequency and incontinence; negative predictors were: body mass index (BMI), grip strength, systolic blood pressure, and smoking. Positive predictors for recurrent falls were: educational status, visual impairment, functional limitations, urinary incontinence, falls history, and use of anti-Parkinson drugs, antihistamines, and drugs for urinary frequency and incontinence; BMI was a negative predictor. The average C-statistic value was 0.65 for the model for any fall and 0.70 for the model for recurrent falls. Conclusion Compared with previous models, the model for recurrent falls performed favorably while the model for any fall performed similarly. Validation and optimization of the models in other populations are warranted.


In the present-day world, several new religious movements (NRMs) are in vogue along with mainstream religions. Religions and NRMs describe the occurrence of miracles or religious phenomena either to the leaders of the faiths or to their believers at regular intervals. Invariably, these phenomena are projected as messages from the divinity, and thereby propelling the respective faith as true path to salvation. In the present article, the author tabulates the different miracles or religious phenomena reported by various NRMs founded after 1900 CE. Based on the discussion, along with presenting a simple categorization of miracles or religious phenomena, a probable pattern/trend for their occurrence is postulated. The article emphasizes the need for identifying the threshold level (of religious experience) for the emergence of the next messiah on this planet. Excessive violence, drugs and alcoholism are found to be a prominent feature in some, if not all, of the NRMs.


EDITOR'S NOTE: This interview is the second in a two-part series. The first half of the interview with Joseph Renzulli and Sally Reis was published in the May/June 1995 issue of Gifted Child Today.


Past research has documented a link between negative problem orientation (NPO) and poor emotional well-being, but little of this research has focused on adolescence or has collected multiple waves of data. The authors conducted a 3-wave longitudinal survey of 841 adolescents in Grades 8, 9, and 10 (428 boys, 411 girls, 2 unidentified). The survey included measures of NPO, sadness, fear, hostility, and joviality. Structural equation modeling (AMOS 7.0; J. L. Arbuckle, 2006) revealed that adolescents high in NPO experienced increases in fear, sadness, and hostility, and decreases in joviality compared with adolescents low in NPO with the same baseline levels of affect. The evidence that affect predicted future levels of problem orientation was less consistent. We discuss the implications of these findings for problem-solving interventions and for the early identification of at-risk adolescents.


Background: Bangladeshi farmers are not getting optimum outcomes from livestock farming due to various obstacles in farming, including a lack of modern technological and scientific knowledge. Therefore, this research was aimed at comprehending the knowledge, perceptions, and practices of deworming and parasitic disease control activities among peri-urban livestock farmers in the Barishal district of Bangladesh.
Methods: Data on the knowledge, perceptions, and practices of deworming and parasitic disease control activities of 207 peri-urban livestock farmers were collected randomly from different areas of the Barishal district. A pre-tested questionnaire was administered via a face-to-face interview between June 2020 and December 2020 to collect data. The frequencies were expressed in percentage (%) and the association between farmer's education and knowledge of parasitic disease prevention, control, and deworming activities were evaluated by crosstab analysis in IBM SPSS software (version 25).
Results: The study revealed that 27.5% of the farmers provided impure water to their animals. Almost 100.0% of farmers were found to wash their hands before and after contacting the animals. About 29.0% of farmers were not accustomed to cleaning the farms and excreta regularly. Only 18.8% of respondents permitted their animals to co-graze with other animals. Approximately 45% of participants used anthelmintics regularly, and 32.4% of participants were informed of the scheduled deworming practices for their animals. Surprisingly, 96.6% of respondents never participated in deworming and parasitic disease control training programs. However, 100% of farmers agreed that parasitic disease control is essential for profitable farming and increasing production.
Conclusion: A large proportion of farmers rear their livestock without deworming practices, and they are not aware of helminthiasis control and prevention. Therefore, intensive extension work is needed to educate them on helminthiasis and deworming activities.


alters insulin-mediated glucose metabolism in healthy men. Am J Clin Nutr 2001;73:554–9. 6. Vessby B, Uusitupa M, Hermansen K, et al. Substituting dietary saturated for monounsaturated fat impairs insulin sensitivity in healthy men and women: The KANWU Study. Diabetologia 2001;44: 312–9. 7. Borkman M, Storlien LH, Pan DA, Jenkins AB, Chisholm DJ, Campbell LV. The relation between insulin sensitivity and the fatty acid composition of skeletal-muscle phospholipids. N Engl J Med 1993;328:238–44. 8. Mohan IK, Das UN. Prevention of chemically induced diabetes mellitus in experimental animals by polyunsaturated fatty acids. Nutrition 2001;17:126–51. 9. Suresh Y, Das UN. Protective action of arachidonic acid against alloxan-induced cytotoxicity and diabetes mellitus. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2001;64:37–52. 10. Stene LC, Ulriksen J, Magnus P, Joner G. Use of cod liver oil during pregnancy associated with lower risk of type 1 diabetes in the offspring. Diabetologia 2000;43:1093–8. 11. Das UN. Beneficial effect(s) of n 3 fatty acids in cardiovascular diseases: but, why and how? Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2000;63:351–62.


The domain of cloud computing involves several complex issues. An interesting topic in the cloud computing are represents the application of standardization by using business application frameworks. The current paper analyses some of the existing architecture and governance frameworks and their usability from a cloud implementation perspective, in order to develop an efficient cloud architecture designed for business applications.


Amino acid sequence of the thrombin-binding site on platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ib was determined and the effects of the synthesized analogous peptides on thrombin-induced aggregation were studied. Crude platelet membrane fraction solubilized with 5mM dithiothreitol and 0.2% Tween 20 was applied to a WGA-Sepharose. The bound fractions were eluted with 0.3M N-actylglucosamine, then applied to a TM60 ( a monoclonal antibody against GP Ib)-Affi-gel column. Only one GP was bound to the column and was eluted with 50mM glycine-HCl, pH3.0, containing 0.2% Tween 20. SDS-PAGE showed a single band of 130kDa, corresponding to GP Ib alpha chain (GP Ibα). When the purified GP Ibα was digested with trypsin, two fragments (94kDa . and 43kDa) were obtained. The 43kDa fragment was shown to bind to both affinity colomns of TM60- and thrombin-Affi-gel, while the 94kDa fragment did not bind to either Affi-gel. When the same experiment was performed using chymotrypsin, three fragments (94kDa, 45kDa and 39kDa) were observed. On TM60- and thrombin-Affi-Gel columns, the smaller fragments (45kDa and 39kDa) were bound to both columns. However, on. thrombin-Affi-Gel column, 39kDa fragment was found in both unbound and bound fractions. It showed that the 45kDa fragment interacts with thrombin with a higher affinity than the 39kDa fragment. These results indicate that the thrombin-binding site is located on the "tail" portion of GPIba, especially on a chymotryptic cleavage site. Then 43kDa tryptic fragment was purified and its partial amino acid sequence was analyzed using gas phase amino acid sequence analyzer. Based on its amino acid sequence, several analogous oligopeptides were synthesized. Three peptides (#1-10, #11-23, #17-28) inhibited 0.05 U/ml thrombin-induced aggregations of washed human platelets in dose-dependent manners. IC50 were in the range of L50-550μM for each of these peptides.


A multivariate multiple regression analysis predicting the educational goal aspirations and expectations of 89 Mexican American high school students was examined based on Lent, Brown, and Hackett's (1994) Social Cognitive Career Theory and prior research findings with Mexican American samples. No gender or generational status differences were found in educational aspirations or expectations; however, participants reported higher educational aspirations than educational expectations. In addition, results of a multivariate multiple regression analysis suggested that Anglo-oriented acculturation was significantly positively related to educational goal expectations and educational goal aspirations. Mexican-oriented acculturation, college self- efficacy, and college outcome expectations were not significantly related to Mexican American students' educational goals aspirations or expectations. Results are discussed as they relate to improving the educational achievement among Mexican American youth.


The purpose of this practice tip is to provide guidance to practitioners regarding integrated use of currently available Lawsonia intracellularis serology and immunization tools. Enterisol Ileitis (Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc, St Joseph, Missouri), an avirulent live L intracellularis vaccine, is available for oral administration to pigs 3 weeks of age or older by drench or via the drinking water.1


When John Roberts was nominated by President George Bush to be the next Chief Justice of the Supreme Court after Chief Justice William Rehnquist, it marked a shift in constitutional jurisprudence. With some exceptions, the Roberts Court has produced classically liberal decisions on a whole host of constitutional issues. Classically liberal decisions have been produced in the realms of free speech, campaign finance, gun rights, gay rights, searches and seizures, and religious freedom. The member Justices have produced these decisions consistent with natural law and libertarianism both unanimously and in close decisions, including decisions involving Justices voting against their traditional liberal-conservative blocs. Despite creating a litany of libertarian decisions, no single member of the Roberts Court self-identifies as a libertarian. This has puzzled academics and commentators, leading many to write off the Roberts Court as simply inconsistent. The Justices of the Roberts Court, including new Justices Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan, offer differing jurisprudences richer than the popular bimodal right-left paradigm. Both liberal and conservative Justices, despite their vast differences on Constitutional topics like textualism and purposivism, have arrived at classically liberal conclusions in their rulings, advancing individual rights instead of government regulations. The Declaration of Independence, Constitution, and Bill of Rights were written with natural law and classical liberal principles in the forefront of the Founder's minds, which means that a Supreme Court charged with upholding the Constitution should produce results consistent with libertarianism. A libertarian impulse grounded in natural law sets the stage for the Roberts Court deciding opinions that are classically liberal. This libertarian instinct model, however, is not perfect and does not explain many decisions because the Court is not intentionally libertarian. Although no single Justice is classically liberal, however, the Roberts Court as a whole is more classically liberal than any of its members.


An electronic pen using a delay device and a touch input method thereof and a touch input system and a touch input method thereof are provided. The electronic pen includes a body, an antenna configured to receive a wireless signal from a mobile terminal, and a delay device configured to receive the wireless signal from the antenna and to output a reflection signal, corresponding to the received wireless signal, to the antenna after a predetermined time elapses, wherein the antenna transmits the reflection signal to the mobile terminal.


Objective To explore the value of MSCT combined gastroscopy in guiding the treatment of gastric cancer by comparing the preoperative TNM staging with the postoperative pathology of gastric cancer.Methods 200patients with gastric cancer underwent MSCT before surgery.The location,scope,size of the lesions,the invasive degree of gastric wall and adjacent tissues and lymph nodes,and and the situation of distant metastasis were observed.Then,the preoperative TNM staging was performed via endoscopy in combination with the postoperative pathology.Results The coincidence rate of preoperative TNM staging by MSCT combined with gastroscopy was 92%and there was no statistically significant difference.Conclusion The combination of MSCT and gastroscopy can clearly determine the staging of gastric cancer before treatment.This is important for not only guiding the treatment of patients and the choice of surgical approach,but making an effective evaluation to prognosis as well.


In 2001, the Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions published a report recommending a change from 375 to 445 mm for the impact height of edge protection in new car parks, reflecting the change in vehicle design over the years. The Institution of Civil Engineers conducted a detailed review of the state of multi-storey car parks in the UK and adopted the recommendations of the earlier DETR report as good practice for existing car parks when upgrading edge protection systems. The DETR report also recommended that pedestrian barriers should be fitted at a height of 1.1 m above the highest foothold reached by a rise of less than 550 mm. It is thought that up to 70% of non-concrete barriers do not meet current standards.


Road safety in primary school areas is a delicate issue due to the vulnerability of children as road users. They are inexperienced traffic participants and sometimes their behavior in traffic situations is unpredictable. This paper reports a safety analysis conducted using video processing of conflict trajectories of vehicles and active transportation users (AT users). The videos were collected using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as this technology does not affect the actual behavior of traffic participants. Due to their airborne position, UAVs can conveniently gather information about driving behaviors and the exact positions of various participants. The safety analysis was conducted using surrogate indicators suitable for evaluating the risk of potential collisions as they incorporate both spatial proximity and speed. Three conflict indicators were used in the safety analysis: (i) time-to-collision, (ii) post-encroachment time, and (iii) heavy braking. The methodology was tested in a primary school area in the city of Zagreb. With the applied methodology, a total of 43 potential conflicts were identified in the school area (14 time-to-collision, 23 post-encroachment time, and 6 heavy braking). Based on the determined potential conflicts, safety measures were proposed to decrease the number and severity of potential conflicts and to increase traffic safety near school areas.


Predicting of user's browsing behavior is an important technology of E-commerce application. The prediction results can be used for personalization, building proper Web site, improving marketing strategy, promotion, product supply, getting marketing information, forecasting market trends, and increasing the competitive strength of enterprises etc. In this paper, we use the hierarchical agglomerative clustering to cluster users' browsing behaviors. The prediction results by two levels of prediction model framework work well in general cases. However, two levels of prediction model suffer from the heterogeneity user's behavior. In this paper, we will improve two levels of prediction model to achieve higher hit ratio.


The COVID-19 pandemic has affected smart city operations and planning. Smart cities, where digital technologies are concentrated and implemented, face new challenges in becoming sustainable from social, ecological, and economic perspectives. Using text mining methodologies of topic modeling and network analysis, this study aims to identify keywords in the field of smart cities after the pandemic and provide a future-oriented perspective on the direction of smart cities. A corpus of 1882 papers was collected from the Web of Science and Scopus databases from December 2019 to November 2022. We identified six categories of potential issues in smart cities using topic modeling: "supply chain", "resilience", "culture and tourism", "population density", "mobility", and "zero carbon emission". This study differs from previous research because it is a quantitative study based on text mining analysis and deals with smart cities, given the prevalence of COVID-19. This study also provides insights into the development of smart city policies and strategies to improve urban resilience during the pandemic by anticipating and addressing related issues. The findings of this study will assist researchers, policymakers, and planners in developing smart city strategies and decision-making in socioeconomic, environmental, and technological areas.


Simulation of wideband wireless fading channels in frequency domain is more advantageous than time domain Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filtering approach for Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and multi-user scenarios, but is constrained with additional limitations. One of them is lack of capability to reproduce a smooth channel transition between incoherent states. In this paper, a novel algorithm is proposed for direct frequency-domain interpolation aiming at reconstruction of Intercarrier Interference (ICI) effects in multi-user Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) simulation. A software implementation on a real-time Digital Signal Processor (DSP) is considered during performance analysis. The method offers reduction in both storage and complexity comparing to the state of the art solution when maintaining similar accuracy. Linear and non-linear interpolations are considered. It is shown that accuracy of quadratic interpolation is close to theoretical bound for moderate-high Doppler frequencies when effect of ICI is limited to neighboring subcarriers.


In the early chapters talk about how our work develops its functions within the footwear
companies of La Libertad, in addition to its role within the country and the region,
which will help us to understand the business and all factors, objects and actors
involved in it. Everything will be reflected in a value chain which will make everything
more understandable everything linked to the production process of the shoe company.
Then we apply the UWE methodology which will guide us throughout the development
of our project. We begin by defining the business requirements, which will shape in the
Use Case Diagrams. Then continue with the Conceptual Model which is the domain
model and the user model. Then we move forward with the navigability model which
will give us the support to the functional structure of our Web project. In closing
follows the format of presentation in which the shape and design of our Web project
will be captured.
At the end we present the results of the project in images and finish giving our project
findings and the respective recommendations.


The utility model discloses a digital television antenna, which comprises a square box body. A signal processing circuit board is arranged in the square box body; the back part of the square box body is provided with a multifunctional support frame and a signal output wire; the square box body is provided with a signal antenna which can rotate 360 degrees and is shrinkable; and the square box body is provided with an accommodating chamber and an opening, wherein the accommodating chamber is used for accommodating the signal antenna, and the opening is communicated with the accommodating chamber and is used for the signal antenna to retract or extend. The utility model aims to provide the digital television antenna which has the advantages that the structure is simple, the put is convenient and the signal antenna can be accommodated in a television box body.


We propose and demonstrate a type of composite metamaterial which is constructed by combining thin copper wires and split ring resonators (SRRs) on the same board. The transmission measurements performed in free space exhibit a passband within the stop bands of SRRs and thin wire structures. The experimental results are in good agreement with the predictions of the transfer matrix method simulations.


The two books reviewed here were published in the last two years by Litwin Books and they each engage with contemporary thinking about queer practices and the galleries, libraries, archives and mus...


The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has created an urgent need for different monitoring systems to prevent viral transmission because of its severity and contagious aspect. This paper proposes design and implementation of a hardware-software solution that uses supervised machine learning algorithms to examine an individual and determine if he/she poses a viral transmission danger. The solution proposed was developed utilising an ARM embedded device along with different sensors to detect and monitor COVID-19 symptoms and, at the same time, to enforce wearing of a mask by using deep learning computer vision.


The author discovered the solution to the homogenous linear recurrent relations with matrix characterstic, and meanwhile, studied the non homogenous linear recurrent relations.


This paper describes the use of a novel A path-planning algorithm for performing line segmentation of handwritten documents. The novelty of the proposed approach lies in the use of a smart combination of simple soft cost functions that allows an artificial agent to compute paths separating the upper and lower text fields. The use of soft cost functions enables the agent to compute near-optimal separating paths even if the upper and lower text parts are overlapping in particular places. We have performed experiments on the Saint Gall and Monk line segmentation (MLS) datasets. The experimental results show that our proposed method performs very well on the Saint Gall dataset, and also demonstrate that our algorithm is able to cope well with the much more complicated MLS dataset.


Large text corpora with news, customer mail and reports, or Web 2.0 contributions offer a great potential for enhancing business-intelligence applications. We propose a framework for performing text analytics on such data in a versatile, efficient, and scalable manner. While much of the prior literature has emphasized mining keywords or tags in blogs or social-tagging communities, we emphasize the analysis of interesting phrases. These include named entities, important quotations, market slogans, and other multi-word phrases that are prominent in a dynamically derived ad-hoc subset of the corpus, e.g., being frequent in the subset but relatively infrequent in the overall corpus. We develop preprocessing and indexing methods for phrases, paired with new search techniques for the top-k most interesting phrases in ad-hoc subsets of the corpus. Our framework is evaluated using a large-scale real-world corpus of New York Times news articles.


Objective To evaluate the effect of tea pol yphenol on preventing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of tree shrew (Tupaia bel angeri chinensis) induced by both aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1) and human he patitis B virus (HBV). Methods Adult tree shrews were divided into three groups. Grou p A was infected firstly with HBV, then fed with AFB 1 and tea polyphenol. Group B was infected firstly with HBV and then only fed with AFB 1. Group C was as a normal control. Serum collections (for testing HBV markers) and liver biopsies were performed periodically during the experiment. The incidence of HC C, the average time of HCC occurrence and the persistence of HBV infection in ea ch group were observed. Immunohistochemical method was applied for detecting the expression of p53, bcl-2, bax, survivin, GSTA1(glutathione S-transferases al pha 1), SOD1(superoxide dismutase 1),IL-2(interleukin-2)and SCF(stem cel l factor)of the animals in each groups at different time points during the expe riment. Results At the 90th, 105th, 120 th, 135th, 150th and 165th wee k of the experiment, the incidences of HCC in group A were always lower than tho se in group B. Both the first HCC and the average time for HCC occurrence in gro up A were later than those in group B. The average persistent time of carrying H BV infection marker(HBsAg,HBeAg and HBcAb)in group A was shorter than that in g roup B. The expression of mutated p53 protein, apoptosis-inhibitor (bcl-2 and survivin) proteins in group A were lower than those in group B. Most of the dif ferences between the group A and group B had no statistical significance however . Conclusions Tea polyphenol has the protective effect on hepatoc arcinogenesis of tree shrew induced by HBV and AFB1. It might have the ability t o clean the HBV infection markers as well. The mechanism for tea polyphenol prev enting HCC might be relate to its ability of promoting carcinogen-detoxificatio n, inducing antioxidation-activity, improving immune function and inducing apop tosis of neoplastic cells.


The cellular events related to the induction of humoral and cell-mediated immunity involve antigen recognition, blast transformation, and multiplication of lymphoid cells in lymph nodes and spleen. The early histological changes in lymph nodes draining the site of a skin graft (1, 2), particulate antigen injection (3, 4), adjuvant stimulation (5), or application of skin-sensitizing chemicals (6-9) have been shown to involve mainly proliferation of thymus-derived lymphocytes in the paracortical regions adjacent to postcapillary venules. Before this mitotic activity, 1-3 days after antigenic challenge, a "trapping" of circulating lymphocytes has been reported to occur (10-14); this phenomenon has also been demonstrated in spleen (15, 16). Since recruitment of lymphocytes may be amongst the earliest of cellular events in the initiation of immune responses, it was of interest to investigate this phenomenon quantitatively. The kinetics of trapping were studied by following the distribution of 5tCr-labeled lymphocytes in groups of syngeneic mice which had been previously challenged with sheep erythrocytes, Salmonella typhi H antigen, keyhole limpet hemocyanin, allogeneic, or xenogeneic skin. Previous work has demonstrated the feasibility of using the system of 5'Cr-labeled lymphocyte migration to quantitate changes in lymphoid populations (17-19).


This supplement contains extended formal results for Daley and Sadowski (2015) (henceforth DS15). Specifically, §S.1 establishes that in Prisoners' Dilemma (PD) games, the model of DS15 is logically distinct from three models that employ well-known forms of other-regarding preferences: altruism (Ledyard, 1995; Levine, 1998), inequity aversion (Fehr and Schmidt, 1999), and reciprocity (Rabin, 1993). §S.2 provides an axiomatic characterization of F—the perceived distribution of types in the model—being empirically valid when there are infinitely many players. §S.3 extends the axiomatic analysis to symmetric 2⇥2 games beyond PD games. All references to numbered sections/axioms/results/etc. are from DS15, unless otherwise indicated.


This paper studies the rotating electroosmotic flow of a power-law fluid with Navier slip boundary conditions under high zeta potential under the action of a vertical magnetic field in a variable cross-section microchannel. Without using the Debye-Hückel linear approximation, the finite difference method is used to numerically calculate the potential distribution and velocity distribution of the rotating electroosmotic flow with an external magnetic field. When the behavior index n=1, the fluid obtained is a Newtonian fluid. The analysis results in this paper are compared with the analytical approximate solutions obtained by the Debye-Hückel linear approximation to prove the feasibility of the numerical method in this paper. In addition, the influence of behavior index n, Hartmann number Ha, rotation angular velocityΩ, electric width K and slip parameters β on the velocity distribution is discussed in detail. It is obtained that when the Hartmann number Ha > 1, the velocity decreases with the increase of the Hartmann number Ha; but when the Hartmann number Ha < 1, the magnitude of the x-direction velocity u increases with the increase of Ha.


Objective: The purpose of this study is to reveal the mechanism of action of Yi Qi Tong Qiao Pill (YQTQP) in the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR), as well as establish a paradigm for the researches on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) from systematic perspective. Methods: Based on the data collected from TCM-related and disease-related databases, target profiles of compounds in YQTQP were calculated through network-based algorithms and holistic targets of TQTQP was constructed. Network target analysis was performed to explore the potential mechanisms of YQTQP in the treatment of AR and the mechanisms were classified into different modules according to their biological functions. Besides, animal and clinical experiments were conducted to validate our findings inferred from Network target analysis. Results: Network target analysis showed that YQTQP targeted 12 main pathways or biological processes related to AR, represented by those related to IL-4, IFN-{\gamma}, TNF-{\alpha} and IL-13. These results could be classified into 3 biological modules, including regulation of immune and inflammation, epithelial barrier disorder and cell adhesion. Finally, a series of experiments composed of animal and clinical experiments, proved our findings and confirmed that YQTQP could improve related symptoms of AR, like permeability of nasal mucosa epithelium. Conclusion: A combination of Network target analysis and the experimental validation indicated that YQTQP was effective in the treatment of AR and might provide a new insight on revealing the mechanism of TCM against diseases.


A customized experimental system that can measure sample weight at constant temperature was used to test the factors(time, steam, temperature, particle size, etc.) that could affect sorbent sintering. And, the pore structure was measured. It shows both carbonation rate and final ratio of sorbent decrease with sintering duration, especially during the chemical reaction stage. Steam play has different roles for 3tested influence of different sintering duration of Ca O. The sintering of Ca O is accelerated by higher temperature and that leads to less carbonation ratio of Ca O. The highest carbonation ratio is got by the middle size particle(150~250 μ m)for the three sintered Ca O. The surface area and pore volume of Ca O always be decreased withby the prolonged sintering time. It is interesting, for 0 min sintered Ca O, the surface area and pore volume will be decreased by steam, but not for 6 min and12 min sintered Ca O.


The relevance of the management of energy resources of industrial enterprises on the basis of the provisions and requirements of energy management systems with the integration of technical and management components of the energy consumption process with the unification of personnel on the basis of a single organizational and technological platform is considered. The characteristic of energy management systems consulting is given, the expediency of its implementation by specialized organizations is substantiated. To design the information model of Energy management system it's necessary to identify and analyse the department structure, the whole list of the documents of the department and analysis of the routes of the department documents according to the research data.


Indian gooseberry or aonla is known for rich source of ascorbic acid, polyphenols, minerals, and nutraceuticals. Fruits are highly perishable due to spoilage and browning and our objective was to enhance shelf life by use of modified atmospheric packaging (MAP) and calcium hydroxide. Mature fruits of aonla cvs NA-7 and NA-10 were subjected to treatments like, control, 2% ventilated LDPE (200 gauge) film (T1) and T1+ dipped in 2% (w/v) Ca(OH)2 solution (T2) for 30 minutes and stored under ambient condition (18 + 3 C; 55-65% RH). Storage attributes were studied at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 days intervals. LDPE film 2% ventilated + 2% Ca(OH)2 was found effective to prolong the shelf life for 15 days. After 9 days of storage T1 has reduced loss in weight, browning and ascorbic acid with more spoilage. Control fruits deteriorated heavily owing to browning and spoilage and could be stored for 9 days. Cultivar NA-10 had a shelf life of 15 days as compared to NA-7. For extending storability, fruits should be packed in 2% ventilated LDPE film after treating with 2% calcium hydroxide solution.


One of the most significant systems operated in a university is the student registration system. The system provides student services such as student profile and course enrollment. A classical problem that students encountered is course and section selection. This task is tedious and time consuming for most students. In addition, students prefer to study with their friends. Our paper presents a novel recommender system that suggests schedules based on their friends on Facebook. This is considered as Constraint Satisfaction Problem where the constraints are personal constraints (course preferences), social constraints (friends' schedules and course selection), and scheduling constraints (study day and time).


Entrepreneurship education has more varied teaching methods than other teaching methods in education. One of the most commonly used teaching methods is experiential- based learning. Through this method, students experience entrepreneurship education through their experience of establishing real business projects. One important aspect of this method is the target given to students. Target is one of the most frequently used aspects of management control mechanism, especially performance measurement. This study aims to investigate in-depth how students as businessmen interpret target charged to them. Qualitative approach with descriptive phenomenology method is used in this study. Interview is used as the primary data collection method. This study found that target is interpreted in such a way by the students. In this study, it is found that target is positively interpreted by students, but there are some students interpret target negatively. There is one key that arises in the interpretation; target is the key to the success of the business project run by students because target can increase student's motivation in running business project.


The formalization of the methods, used at production decision making in construction will allow to rationalize management and form it with provision for mathematical and logical argumentation. The intuitive approach does not allow completely track for external and internal factor, influencing upon construction. The logician-linguistically methods promote the liquidations of this defect.


Energy efficiency is one of the most important issues for High Performance Computing (HPC) today. Heterogeneous HPC platform with some energy-efficient customizable cores (as application-specific accelerators) is believed as one of the promising solutions to meet ever-increasing computing needs and to overcome power density limitations. In this paper, we focus on using customizable processor cores to optimize the typical stencil computations — the kernel of many high-performance applications. We develop a series of effective software/hardware co-optimization strategies to exploit the instruction-level and memory-computation parallelism, as well as to decrease the energy consumption. These optimizations include loop tiling, prefetching, cache customization, Single Instruction Multiple Data (SIMD), and Direct Memory Access (DMA), as well as necessary ISA extensions. Detailed tests of power-efficiency are given to evaluate the effect of all these optimizations comprehensively. The results are impressive: the combination of these optimizations has improved the application performance by 341% while the energy consumption has been decreased by 35%; a preliminary comparison with X86, GPU, and FPGA platforms also showed that the design could achieve an order of magnitude higher performance efficiency. We believe this work can help understand sources of inefficiency in general-purpose chips and can be used as a beginning to customize an energy efficient CMP for further improvement.


The mechanism of cardiolipin biosynthesis in isolated rat liver mitochondria was studied using endogenously formed and exogenously supplied phosphatidylglycerol-2′-3H in the presence and absence of added Mg2+, Mn2+, CDP-DL-dioleate, and CDP-D-diglyceride-2-14C. With endogenously formed and membrane-bound phosphatidylglycerol-2′-3H and in the presence of Mn2+, the incorporation of CDP-D-diglyceride-2-14C into cardiolipin-3H,14C was demonstrated, establishing the participation of both phosphatidylglycerol-2′-3H and CDP-D-diglyceride-2-14C in the formation of cardiolipin-3H,14C. In addition, the release of water-soluble labeled compounds was measured and the efficiency of glycerol-2-3H recovery after the incubation with mitochondria was determined. It was concluded that under the described experimental conditions the formation of cardiolipin in isolated mitochondria takes place according to the reaction mechanism: phosphatidylglycerol + CDP-diglyceride → cardiolipin. Some aspects of these findings are discus...