A novel, self-established, immobilised Fenton process (SIFP) was designed using a visible light-activated nano-Cu2O/rectorite composite (nCu2O/R). The nCu2O/R was synthesised using a low temperature, solid-state method and was characterised using scanning
 electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Under the following experimental conditions: 160 mg/L Reactive Brilliant Red X-3B (named as X-3B) solution, neutral pH, and 1 g/L nCu2O/R
 dosage, 72% decoloration and 70% COD removal were achieved. Hydroxyl radicals (.OH) were indirectly detected in this system without the addition of H2O2 or Fe2+ or the adjustment of the pH. Isopropanol (IP) was added as a radical scavenger into the
 SIFP to provide further evidence that OH played a key role in the photocatalytic degradation of X-3B by nCu2O/R. Compared with the Cu2 O/Fe2+ Fenton-like process (CFP), the Fe-bearing clay/H2O2 system (FCHS) and the Cu2O+rectorite
 physical mixture system (PMS), the SIFP had a greater discoloration capability. The photocatalytic effect of the SIFP is due to a synergistic catalytic effect caused by the coupling of two advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), semiconductor photocatalysis technology (consisting of Cu2O
 and visible light) and Fenton processes (consisting of Fe and H2O2). The content of Fe and Cu2O were changed in nCu2O/R composites to study the role that Fe and Cu2O played in the SIFP and to further study the photocatalytic mechanism
 of the nCu2O/R composite.


This book investigates the IP-related categories and how the verbal domain of Turkish is organized. Within the theory of Universal Grammar, there are three major approaches to the IP domain of languages. The initial distinction is between the Syncretic IP model and the Rich IP model. The former refers to the conception that human language only makes available the heads and phrases required in a specific derivation, and that languages display parametric variation while the latter argues that the human mind comes with a highly articulated and rigid schematic hierarchy where all features of all functional categories are available in every derivation without parametric variation, yet most of them are silent. Additionally, there is an intermediate hypothesis, the Split IP model, where only major categories such as Tense, Aspect and Mood (TAM) have dedicated head positions, and the morphological form inserted to each head position specifies its value. This book aims to find out which one of these models is supported by the data in Turkish.


The paper aims to determine the characteristics of Nitinol smart materials with memory of the shape and to determine their behavior on repeated cycles of use. The system consists of a protrusion of a electromechanical pressure micro-pump made on the basis of current-controlled Nitinol arc elements, with the purpose of regulating the pressure inside a fluid enclosure. In the paper there will be presented characteristics concretized in the pressure variation inside the enclosure with the pressure gauge connected at the opposite end of the container, both positive pressure and negative pressure depending on the group of springs in Nitinol.


Healthy lifestyle is an important requirement for people, which is obtained from balanced nutrition. Imbalanced nutrition increases risk of health problems. Balanced nutrition means the difference between nutrition needed and nutrition intake must be as minimum as possible. The condition in Indonesian, many people consume food with high carbohydrate; whereas nutrition consists of protein, carbohydrate, and fat. That nutrition obtains from five foods category, namely: main dish (MP), vegetable side dish (LN), meat (LH), vegetable (SY), and fruit (BH). Therefore, it needs a system to provide a suggestion for balanced nutrition. This research used Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) to obtain optimal nutrition, which contains five dimensions (MP, LH, LN, SY, BH). These dimension and variable are represented as food source, which will be optimized by bees. These bees are divided into employee bee (BN), onlooker bee (SN), and scout bee. BN will produce new food source, where if new food source has a better solution, it will replace the old one. SN performers based on the fitness value of each food source; if the food source has high probability, SN will produce new food source. While scout bee will determine a new food source, if the number of trials for releasing a food source is equal to the value of "limit". The performance of ABC evaluated using twelve data of men and female. The result shows that ABC achieve 99.90% in giving a recommendation for portion and type of foods a day.


Abstract The [2+2] photocycloaddition is the most valuable and intensively investigated photochemical process. Here we demonstrate that irradiation of N‐acryloyl heterocycles with blue LED light (440 nm) in the presence of an IrIII complex leads to efficient and high yielding fused γ‐lactam formation across a range of substituted heterocycles. Quantum calculations show that the reaction proceeds via cyclization in the triplet excited state to yield a 1,4‐diradical; intersystem crossing leads preferentially to the closed shell singlet zwitterion. This is geometrically restricted from undergoing recombination to yield a cyclobutane by the planarity of the amide substituent. A prototropic shift leads to the observed bicyclic products in what can be viewed as an interrupted [2+2] cycloaddition.


Introduction: the implementation of the "Digital Economy" national program has an impact on business sector development both in Russia and in the regional aspect. The structural elements of regional entrepreneurial ecosystems are designed to promote the development of digital entrepreneurship. It has been hypothesized that the ecosystem substitutes influence on the increment of regional economic performance due to the digital sector differs in industrial and non-industrial types of regions. Objectives: to determine the growth points placement patterns for digital entrepreneurship in the regions as a whole, as well as by types (industrial and others), depending on the impact of factors in the regional environment. Methods: statistical groupings, comparison and matching, correlation and regression analysis, econometric modeling. Results: the data on 85 subjects of the Russian Federation for 2018–2021 have been examined, revealing a strong and noticeable correlation between the number of organizations in the information and communication technology (ICT) sector and the indicators of digital infrastructure, as well as strong correlation between financial security and the number of regional projects in the field of end-to–end technologies. Regression models have been built demonstrating the growth of the share and growth rates of production volumes in ICT sector and e-commerce companies in various types of regions. Conclusions: the above hypothesis has been confirmed stating that the region's specialization has a significant impact on the features and pace of digital entrepreneurship development. Industrial regions do not demonstrate outpacing growth of digital businesses due to a significant time lag until the moment the production volumes increase resulting from the introduction and use of digital technologies manifests itself. Industrial regions show a high sensitivity to the development of scientific and technological infrastructure and have a more active demand and consumption of digital technologies. In other regions show a faster developing e-commerce and the service sector using digital platforms. Digital economy growth is boosted by the stimulation of IT projects and the state of the scientific and educational environment in these regions.


In theological sources, many symbols are used to explain the transcendent truths of existence. Among the shapes, the circle has the most use of a symbol which is important for religions, philosophers, and mystics. Usually, when talking about a circle, a round line appears that starts from a point on the surface and ends again at that point. In this way of drawing a circle, the most exterior and superficial epistemological symbols are explained. Contrary, the present article proposes a novel way of drawing a circle, and with this approach, examines some philosophical concepts. We call this drawing "Boiling Circle" because the rays are coming out boiling from the centre. We also have analyzed and introduced a unique example of a mystical-philosophical-religious Architectural building, during which a circular spring has been built. Its water comes out boiling of the centre and fills the five circles within itself and twelve eyes around it. This article begins with the drawing of a boiling circle, explains the philosophical symbols of the boiling circle and boiling spring according to Islamic mysticism, and compares and expresses the differences between the symbols of the two circles.


The discovery of the Cosmological Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) in 1964 was decisive in determining that the Big Bang Theory (BBT) is the acceptable cosmological model over its rival, the Steady State Model. However, the CMBR can be explained with such notions as the escape velocity, Einstein's Equivalence Principle and some probability considerations. There is no need of a cosmological model.


An efficient and regular algorithm for computing the fast cosine transform (FCT) using the method of successive doubling is presented. The FCT is obtained by the composition of two elementary transforms. Its high regularity facilitates its implementation in VLSI technology.


Undoubtedly, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is the most popular and widespread trend of many fields around the globe, and a smart tool for the emergence of several technological services such as web service and virtual technology. Nowadays, development and growth in computers and communications field are dynamically changing. ICT plays a key role in the digital transformation which led to the appearance of a new age called the digital age. Hence, many organizations and countries have supported modern technological trends such as the Virtual University (VU), Virtual Reality (VR) and Virtual Learning Environments (VLE), as a virtual technology. ICT can be used in positive and negative aspects, so it must be observed and considered. As a virtual technology, VU can offer extraordinary opportunities to avoid obstacles caused by critical circumstances.


APPLICATION OF THE L-CURVE METHOD IN DETERMINING THE QUASI-OPTIMAL REGULARIZATION PARAMETER FOR TWO-DIMENSIONAL INVERSION OF MAGNETOTELLURIC DATA AT THE BISHKEK GEODYNAMIC TEST SITE


Information architecture is the practice of effectively organizing, structuring, and labeling the content of a website or application into a structure that enables efficient navigation. Card sorting is a research method that employs users' input to help derive an effective navigation structure. Whether a card sorting study is conducted using manual methods and tools, or online automated tools, those tools only assist the User Experience (UX) professional in creating usable, intuitive information architecture. As with most user research, the UX professional still has to make sense of the collected data and take the data one (or several) steps further. How do you interpret user input to determine what categories to create? What should those categories be named? Which content should they contain? Should the categories contain subcategories, and which content should they contain? Should you duplicate links across categories, and where should these duplicate links reside?

Although a wealth of articles, books, and blogs by experts in the information architecture field discuss the card sorting technique, most do not answer these questions, nor do they address the step-by-step details of how to analyze the data to create a navigation structure. Attendees at card sorting workshops taught by the two primary authors (Righi and James) of this article invariably report that of all the elements of card sorting, they have the most difficulty taking the leap from the data they've gathered to constructing that final navigation structure.

This article presents a set of best practices for analyzing card sorting data to derive an effective information architecture and navigation structure. It addresses methods of interpreting cluster analysis data matrixes and dendrograms generated by automated card sorting tools. And, it focuses on the details of making a decision about final categories and category labels. In short, it helps the UX professional make informed judgments when multiple interpretations of the data are possible.


This article focuses on methodological and praxeological aspects related to the process of evaluating the results of young schoolchildren through the application of digital technologies in the context of the realization of the transdisciplinary paradigm in primary education. Optimizing evaluation through digital tools is currently relevant in the modern pedagogical landscape. The arguments for using digital technologies in primary education show their potential for transdisciplinary teaching-learning-evaluation exploitation, personalized and differentiated approach, stimulating creativity and developing critical thinking. Computer-assisted assessment proposes investigating the means offered by Web 2.0 digital tools. Examples of the application of digital platforms in the evaluation of young students from a transdisciplinary perspective are presented.


OBJECTIVE To carry out a comparison between PSQI indexes and the therapeutic effect in the treatment of insomnia with the needle manipulation method for tranquilization and the use of extraordinary points in acupuncture.METHOD Forty insomnia patients were randomly divided into two groups of 20 patients,treated with the needle manipulation method for tranquilization and with extraordinary points in acupuncture respectively.RESULT With the needle manipulation method for tranquilization,the total effective rate was 90%,while with extraordinary points used in the treatment,the total effective rate was 75%,with marked difference between the two groups(P0.05).CONCLUSION Both methods are effective for insomnia,and the needle manipulation method for tranquilization has better effect.


Communication skills are a significant contributor to an individual's success in the workplace. Unfortunately, students often have trouble expressing their ideas in written form and the poor quality of students' written work often impedes the learning process. This pilot study investigates the use of online writing studios within a quality improvement methods course and the impact of this intervention on students' writing competency and perceptions about the writing process. The impact of this approach on student performance is evaluated within and across semesters using comparative statistical analyses. Results show that students who participated in online writing studios performed better (i.e., at least one rubric level higher) on their final written assignments for the course compared to students who did not, and that this approach is associated with improved students' perceptions about the writing process. This research suggests that the use of online writing studios within a content-specific course can incrementally improve students' writing competency over the course of one semester, and can positively affect the learning of written communication skills and change students' perceptions about various aspects of the writing process.


(imie if I he imsuport atm t prlmhilensus (If nsuolectniar h)i(ilogy is I he densionist mit 1(1mm aniol llicalizat ioni of various ant igenis mmiclmm(linig vu ral onies at time stmhceilmnlar level. Tue nuief huimd of fhimoresceini-labeled mtmitih)ody (Coonis amid Kmtplani. .1. E.rp. .1/ed. 91: 1, 1950) has heenu widely mused fur I Isis pmnni)o se durinig I lie paSt decade, hut its effect ivenmess is limited 1)-u t hue res(Iiuti(Imi (if tIme lighil miuicnImscope. lie(t romi-optic inmsnnimtiimnmiuirphmoloigv appeared to ('!,tol. 11: 515, 1961). 'I'iie nuserits nsnm(I dismsdvatmt ages (If these musethmods hiave imeens discmmsseoi elsewhuene (Zisadmmmiov et a!., ummmpmmbhishsed). This paper describes the use of mstitihilidy laheled wit hi amm imrgamuic nsuert'mmry conipoinnid, p(aniimmophsemsyl) -nuercunric acetate which was recemit iy sumggested by t hue auuthsors (Kumlherg amid Azadolva, i-'ioblems of neology (ltmmssiani) 1: 110, 1963, Zhsadaniov et al, Problcm.o ot nirology 4: 110, 1962).


The diet of Scottish children is surveyed in terms of the particular foods eaten. There is evidence of improvement in eating habits and some old beliefs seem out-dated. In the teenage years, however, a deterioration in eating habits occurs. The full implementation of a national dietary policy, as in Norway, is mentioned and reference is made to the education of the individual in dietetics. Recent signs of improvement in the national diet suggest that the diet of the diabetic child is not as far from "normal" as it once was.


Many issues related to human structure and anatomy can be found in Al-Quran, and one of them is with regard to sense. Simply, there are some senses discussed in Al-Quran. According to Al-Quran, human sense consists of three parts, those are physical, inner, and heart senses. Even Al-Quran considers that sense should not only have function to absorb information and form knowledge, but also have function to form a conviction in terms of application. Therefore, from the three classification of sense mentioned in Al-Quran, in this context the writer will limit the investigation towards the sense of heart and tongue as part of nobility, which is considered valuable for human compared to other creatures because these senses are two sides of differentiators and links to recognize The Creator.


In this paper,objective design phase for the beginning of the process of product design is studied and the present state of research is discussed.Sources of finding design objects and methods are studied.Information analysis of competitor and method of finding design objects using creation grammar are carefully studied,and screening and evaluation for design objects are discussed.


The invention relates to an interaction device comprising a touch surface (1) adapted to generate input data when said touch surface is contacted with an actuator, a frame (2) attached to the periphery of said touch surface (1), an actuator (3) adapted to generate a reaction force based on said input data and a support (4) which is coupled to said actuator (3), characterized in that the frame (2) and the touch surface (1) are arranged so as to form a rigid assembly (1-2) having a resonance frequency of several hundred Hertz and in that the actuator (3) is coupled directly with the frame (2) for moving the rigid assembly (1-2) relative to the support (4), the resonance frequency of said actuator (3) being substantially equal to the resonance frequency of the rigid assembly (1-2). The invention is advantageously applied to tactile haptic display devices having a size of diagonal greater than 10 inches.


Abstract Objectives: To report our experience and clinical results of using the Masquelet technique for the treatment of tibial nonunions and acute traumatic tibial bone defects. Design: Retrospective study of prospectively collected data (Level IV). Setting: Level I trauma center in the UK. Patients/Participants: Consecutive patients with tibial nonunions and open fractures associated with bone loss. Intervention: Two-stage Masquelet Procedure for the tibia. Main Outcome Measurements: Clinical and imaging assessment at 6 weeks, 3,6,9,12 months, or until pain-free mobilization and union. Results: There were 17 eligible patients, with a mean size of bone defect of 6 cm (range, 4–8 cm) and an 88.2% union rate at a mean of 8 months (range 5–18 months). Mean range of motion was 95 degrees of knee flexion (range 80°–130°). All patients but 2 returned to their previous occupation. Conclusions: The Masquelet technique is simple, effective, and has a high rate of success for the management of a variety of situations including acute bone loss or infected nonunions and is associated with a low incidence of complications.


In the present work, the drought events that occurred in North-East Spain during the period 1600–1900 have been analysed, using historical information. The abundant documentation in historical registries and the detail of the meteorological event registrations allows us the systematic and continuous summary of the drought events from XVI to XIX centuries. These documents are homogeneous information that permit the reconstruction of drought frequency series and create a continuous drought index.


The purpose of this study is to suggest a solution of problem of exterior residential environment which is getting worse groping the traditional geography of Feng-shui to exterior circumstances. Also this study tried to conceptualize exterior residential environment as an element of contemporary residential environment applying to the traditional geographical theory of Feng-shui. Sashinsa in traditional geography of Feng-shui is regarded in the same category with educational elements, environmental elements, economic elements and traffic elements in present-day. A concept of Sashinsa could be extended to meet the contemporary residential concept and stretched the meaning on a logical basis.Feng-shui as a traditional geography should be turned positive and widely spread to present-day as an empiric and practical science rather than dying out or extinction. Especially Feng-shui is parallel to modern geography that put stress on the concept of geographic space and has to expand the scope of science by putting forth a multilateral solidarity and research on the proximity sciences that mainly deal with residential environment.


Abstract : This report develops a nonlinear model which can be used to predict combustion instability zones in liquid rocket engines. The model is developed by combining a nonlinear instability model with a steady-state vaporization model. Such an analysis determines the zones of an engine in which a tangential mode of high frequency instability is most easily initiated. A rocket engine can be analyzed by incrementally dividing the combustion chamber into annular nodes in the r and z directions. Steady-state properties at each annular node or position in the chamber are computed from the steady-state vaporization computer program. The steady-state program is capable of computing combustion profiles in thermally unstable propellants of the monomethylhydrazine/nitrogen tetroxide type. This model describes droplet vaporization with vapor phase decomposition. Using the computed steady-state properties and the stability limit curves from the instability computer program, stability at each node is determined. This process is repeated for each node to determine a stability map of the entire engine.


This paper sets up an appropriate mathematical model to theoretically research the effect of bank market structure on bank market equilibrium with maximizing return as banks' decision objective,according to Lucchetta's idea that the market structure of banks represents research methodology and approach,under the hypothesis that credit risk and liquidity risk are exogenous variables which are not determined by banks themselves,through various combinations of credit risk and liquidity risk to express the bank market structure.The research results show that:(1) there exists bank market structures making bank market system work well and collapse respectively in bank market system with any concentration degree of credit risk and liquidity risk,and(2) different distributions of liquidity risk and different concentration degree of credit risk and liquidity risk have significantly different effects on the equilibrium of bank market system when variables of the bank market structure are in some interval.In order to make the bank market system work well,reasonable bank market structure must be maintained.


In shape processing of the ultra-thin mirror, deformation will be produced under cutting forces, which is a major cause of quality deterioration. An ultra-thin mirror with diameter-thickness ratio more than 10 is studied in this paper. Rigidity characteristic of the grinding process by diamond wheel is analyzed by FEM. A receptance model of the micro-cutting process and the surface accuracy is established by a self-adaptive multi-scale method according the first strength method. And the effectiveness of the mathematical model is verified by experience. And the dynamic stiffness caused by grinding is optimized. As a result, deformation of the optical surface is reduced to 0.004λ and the acceptable surface accuracy can be achieved.


Purpose
Relatively few studies about retirement transition examine economies, where a public pension system is absent. This paper aims to fill this gap in the literature.

Design/methodology/approach
The present study draws on the stratification and risk society approach, as well as results from unstructured interviews with 12 Chinese in Hong Kong.

Findings
The analyses show that the retirement transition involves moving between different forms of wage work and non-work status. These moves were undertaken because of not only financial needs but also a strong desire to be a financially self-reliant and intrinsic commitment to employment. The authors argue that the desire and commitment to employment are shaped by the underdeveloped pension system, practical orientation towards traditional Chinese filial piety norms and personal work history.

Research limitations/implications
The current research covers only a very small sample and uses retrospective interviewing instead of a larger and/or representative sample using prospective panel interview. Nevertheless, the research carries theoretical and policy implications of the study on retirement transition and protection.

Originality/value
Few local studies track retirement transitions in the way similar to the current studies. Existing studies are mostly about advanced Anglo-Saxon economies with a long history of public pension, albeit reformed in recent year, in place. The current study adds to the general literature on retirement studies.


A 1404 bp promoter fragment of rice(Oryza sativa) transcription factor WRKY19 gene was amplified by PCR from rice Xiushui11 and named as OsW19p. The full length of OsW19p(p1404) and its 5' end deletions with a length of 105, 378, 9 77, 1 106, 1 205 and 1 306 bp were fused with gus gene, respectively. All of the constructed vectors were transformed into rice calli by Agrobacterium-mediated method. The results of histochemical GUS staining and fluorometric measurements showed: (1) Expression of gus gene was intensively inhibited by 2,4-D in the culture medium at callus stage; (2) Expression of gus gene was observed in roots, stems,leaves, flowers, and the embryos of germinating seeds. GUS staining were observed in adventitious, primary and lateral roots of rice seedlings, however, only lateral roots were stained at maturation phase; (3) GUS activity of all of deletions except p105 were detected in leaves of transformed plants, the level of p1205 was the highest, while expression was reduced for p977 and p1306. It suggests that some regulatory elements exist in -1404~-1306 bp and -1205~-977 bp, and fragments of -1306~-1205 bp and -977~-378 bp may contain negative elements.


This thesis deals with the perceptions of agroforestry among farmers in Babati, north- central Tanzania. The focus is on which resources farmers perceive that they need to adopt agroforestry and wh ...


Introduction: Organ transplant recipients (OTRs) have an elevated risk of developing keratinocyte cancer (KC). We have previously shown that a KC polygenic risk score (PRS) effectively triages OTRs for KC risk, with 50% of transplantees with high genetic risk developing KC within 3 years of follow up. However, readiness for clinical application of the KC PRS, its application to triage OTRs in the clinic and the return of the genetic risk information have not yet been assessed.
 Objectives: 1) To evaluate patients' readiness to receive genetic risk information for KC risk stratification in a lung transplant clinic. 2) To assess whether returning the PRS results to patients influences skin cancer screening, incidence, and sun protection behavior.
 Methods: We recruited 100 lung transplantees from the Prince Charles Hospital in Queensland into the ASCOT prospective study. We assessed their attitude, knowledge, and perceptions of genetic testing for KC risk stratification. We also collected genetic data. We developed a KC risk stratification pipeline, and triaged the transplantees. PRS results and KC prevention advice were returned to the high risk group. All transplantees are being followed-up for sun protection and screening behaviors, and skin cancer outcomes.
 Results: 50% of OTRs were highly likely to accept genetic testing for KC risk stratification. Following transplantation, there was a drastic change in the perception of KC risk and severity, and the majority of transplantees considered it a major health concern. Using the PRS pipeline, 40 patients were triaged into the high risk category for KC, and received their PRS results and health advice, and we are prospectively assessing whether this will influence skin cancer screening rates, skin cancer incidence, and sun protection behavior in this group. Findings will be shared.
 Conclusion: There is positive patient-readiness to receive genetic risk information for KC risk stratification among transplantees. High-risk patients are currently being followed-up for KC outcomes and prevention service uptake including screening, and sun protection behaviors.
 Citation Format: Mathias Seviiri, Matthew H. Law, Peter Hopkins, Catherine M. Olsen, David C. Whiteman, Stuart MacGregor. Clinical implications for returning polygenic risk information for skin cancer to ultra-high risk organ transplant recipients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 781.


Through Cable the modem broadband access technology,causes the wireless network to visit Internet,is one kind of extremely practical technology.The paper has analyzed the wireless networking and Cable the Modem turning on technology merit,has realized based on Cable the Modem wide band technology wireless network creation.


Alternative theories of state development proposed by Cartteiro (1970) and Wilier (1977) are presented and discussed briefly. Each is considered in terms of its applicability to the development of the Hittite Empire of ancient Turkey. It is concluded that Miller's framework, which allows a central role to factors external to the prevailing system, is more useful for the analysis of the case of the Hittite state and, in general, may have greater scope and predictive ability.


Objective To test the relationship between social security satisfaction, social fairness, social trust, and people's subjective wellbeing (SWB) in China and the serial mediation effect in this study. Methods We utilized the data (N = 7,978) from Chinese Social Survey (CSS) in 2017 and 2019, involving 31 provinces across the country. There were 5,398 samples in 2017CSS and 2,580 samples in 2019CSS selected by the research objectives. There were 4,269 women and 3,709 men with the average age of participants being 43 (SD = 14.41). Results The results showed that the actual status of social security satisfaction, social fairness and trust, and SWB were greater than the theoretical status overall. Social security satisfaction [β = 0.454, p < 0.001, 95% CI = (0.377, 0.423)], social fairness [β = 0.065, p < 0.001, 95% CI = (−0.039, 0.124)], and social trust [β = 0.108, p < 0.001, 95% CI = (0.237, 0.397)] positively influenced people's SWB, respectively. Social fairness had a positive effect on social trust (β = 0.298, p < 0.001). Social fairness and social trust partly mediated the relationship between social security satisfaction and SWB, respectively. Social security satisfaction indirectly influenced SWB through the serial effect of social fairness and social trust. The total effect of SWB explained is 47% in the serial mediation model. Conclusion Satisfactory social security is likely to cause a high level of people's SWB, social fairness, and social trust. It is beneficial to form a virtuous circle in society. Allowing people to obtain satisfactory social security is conducive to social equity, promoting social trust, and improving people's SWB.


Evapotranspiration (ET) estimation is important for water management decision tools. In this study, different ET data with varying resolution, accuracy, and functionality were reviewed over a semiarid, data-sparse region in southern Iran. Study results showed that the widely used reanalysis and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) datasets have relatively high uncertainty and underestimated ET over the sparse heterogeneous landscape. On the other hand, fine-resolution ET datasets using Landsat imagery with Mapping Evapotranspiration at High Resolution with Internalized Calibration (METRIC) and Surface Energy Balance System (SEBS) algorithms, yielded high accuracy. Evaluation of METRIC and SEBS models in estimating seasonal crop water use showed a mean absolute error of 5% and 13%, respectively. The Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring (CMSAF) data were used as radiation input to the models and were found to be a representative data source with daily average RMSE of 70 W m−2. An average crop coefficient Kc was estimated for the region and was obtained as 0.77. The study proposes and applies a hybrid framework that uses reference ET from simple diagnostic models (such as the REF-ET tool) and calculates actual ET by using the satellite-derived regionally and locally representative Kc values. The ET estimates generated with the framework were regionally representative and required low computational resources. The study findings have the potential to provide practical guidance to local farmers and water managers to generate useful and usable decision-making tools, especially for ET assessments in the study region and other data-sparse areas.


In brief discussion of the low power flip flop has emerged as a principal theme in today's electronics industry. Power, Delay and PDP has become an overriding concern for VLSI circuit designs The Proposed Pulse trigger-Flip Flop (PP- FF) has good performance. It supply voltages from 0V to 1.8v, it has compared to the previous work MN2 transistor has been avoided for minimum propagation delay of 93.98ps, and the improves better average -power of 1.09 uw, optimal PDP of 0.102fj. All these simulation results are based on CMOS 90nm technology in HSPICE tool. Many applications of Proposed Pulse trigger Flip Flop can be employed in Shift Registers etc.


Power generation in today's world is of utmost importance, due to which blockchain is
used for the categorization and formation of decentralized structures. This paper has proposed decentralized energy generation using a nester, i.e., energy sharing without third-party intervention.
Decentralized blockchain technology is applied to ensure power sharing between buyer and seller,
and also to achieve efficient power transmission between prosumer and consumer. Energy management is associated with controlling and reducing energy consumption. Blockchain technology
plays a major role in distributed power generation, for example, power-sharing (solar and wind
energy), price fixation, energy transaction monitoring, and peer-to-peer power-sharing. These are
operations performed by blockchain in renewable power generation. Solar power generation using
blockchain technology can obtain an impact resting upon the power generation system. Distributed ledger is the key area of blockchain technology for recording and tracking each transaction in
the distribution system to improve the efficiency of the overall transmission system. A smart contract is another important tool in the blockchain technology, which is issued to confirm an assent
between buyer and seller before starting any energy transaction without external intervention and
also to avoid time delay. Maximum power point tracking is conducted in PV cells using blockchain technology. Blockchain influences energy management systems to improve the utilization
of energy, optimize energy usage, and also to reduce the cost.


In this cell culturing device, the floor of a vessel 1 formed from a flexible material is partially raised to separate the floor into multiple compartments 10, cells C are cultured in each of the compartments 10, and thereafter, the culturing area inside of the vessel is expanded by eliminating the compartments 10. By this means, it is possible to suitably maintain cell density during culturing, and when growing a large quantity of cells, to eliminate an operation for transfer to a culture vessel, thus reducing damage to the cells and reducing the risk of contamination.


The principle composition of the scale forming of ash water pipeline in power plants is analysed. The technology that is being used and searched is introduced.Several of kinds of cleaning methods are compared.


For decades, the disaster literature has called attention to the dual character of climate-related risk. On the one hand is the level of exposure to the hazard (the storm, the flood, the drought, etc.), and on the other hand is the vulnerability of different socioeconomic systems to the effects of different natural hazards. To address this vulnerability, some form of risk management can currently be found in most countries of the world, although the efficacy of the risk management systems varies widely. Political ecologists and others have long advocated that responding to climate risk should include both short-term disaster risk response – that is, action to prepare for and recover from the immediate effects of disaster (e.g. early warning systems) and structural reforms that seek to address the factors that define people's vulnerability to disasters to begin with (poverty, lack of education, etc.). Calls for better policy design and implementation at these two levels are not new. Yet after 20 years, it is surprising that more research has not tried to understand why the bulk of responses to disasters to date have failed to account for both sides of the vulnerability equation.


The class of all natural images is an extremely small fraction of all possible images. Some of the structure of natural images can be modeled statistically, revealing striking regularities. Moreover, the human visual system appears to be optimized to view natural images. Images that do not behave statistically as natural images are harder for the human visual system to interpret. This paper reviews second order image statistics as well as their implications for computer graphics. We show that these statistics are predominantly due to geometric modeling, while being largely unaffected by the choice of rendering parameters. As a result, second order image statistics are useful for modeling applications, which we show in direct examples (recursive random displacement terrain modeling and solid texture synthesis). Finally, we present an image reconstruction filter based on second order image statistics.


On March 11, 2011, an earthquake of magnitude 9.0 on the Richter scale hit Japan. The epicenter of the earthquake was located on the northeastern part of Japan, 130 km of the Pacific Coast of the Tohoku District. The earthquake impacted the northeastern and the eastern part of Japan causing a 10-meter tsunami (Mori et al., 2011) 1) that traveled 10 km inland covering approximately 560 square kilometers of land. The tsunami destroyed the electric system of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear power plant and led to explosions in the containment vessels of reactors 1, 3 and 4, releasing radioactivity in the agricultural plain of Kanto, Tohoku and the Pacific Ocean. The total damage to Japan's capital stocks, that immediately created exclusion zones for production and soon thereafter faced international surveillance measures, 2) was ¥16.9 trillion ($211.7 billion) while the damages to Japan's agriculture were ¥1.9 trillion ($23.8 billion) 3) (Fujita et al., 2012; MAFF, 2012). Damages to Japan's fishery, agriculture and forestry sectors reached ¥2.34 trillion ($29.3 billion). 4)


Machine tool NC retrofitting if a reform on ordinary ,old machine tools with mature NC theory and successful experience at low cost, which may restore and even raise the preciseness of the original machine tool. Machine tool NC retrofitting as a new, economic, growing industry has developed a lot at home and abroad, fitting in with the needs of rapid development of the industry. The paper analyzes the NC retrofitting project, technique and lines , taking XA5032 as its research objective.


Objective The assessment of cough sensitivity is important to the understanding on the mechanism of cough,diagnosis and evaluation of diseases.However,the normal reference value is lacking in our country.Methods After screening adult healthy volunteers,pulmonary ventilation function test,capsaicin cough provocation test and induced sputum test were then performed.The relation between age,gender,pulmonary function,airway inflammatory cell and cough sensitivity was analyzed.Results A total of 110 healthy adult volunteers were enrolled including 69 males and 41 female cases,with an average age of (30.8± 10.1) years.The LgC5 of capsaicin cough sensitivity in male and female were (2.72± 0.32) and (2.57 ± 0.39),respectively.Through the bypartial correlation analysis,no relation was found between capsaicin cough sensitivity and age,sex,lung function or airway inflammatory cells (all P > 0.05).Using the normal distribution method,the unilateral lower limit of the 95%reference value is 2.086,by antilog conversion the C5 reference value of healthy adult in local region should be≥125 μmol/L.Conclusions There was no relation between capsaicin cough sensitivity and age,sex,lung function or airway inflammatory cells.The C5 reference value of cough sensitivity of healthy adult in locol region is ≥125 μmol/L.

Key words:
Cough reflex sensitivity;  Normal reference values ;  Influencing factors


An important parameter in the experimental study of dynamics of combustion is the probability distribution of the effective Rayleigh scattering cross section. This cross section cannot be observed directly. Instead, pairs of measurements of laser intensities and Rayleigh scattering counts are observed. Our aim is to provide estimators for the probability density function of the scattering cross section from such measurements. The probability distribution is derived first for the number of recorded photons in the Rayleigh scattering experiment. In this approach the laser intensity measurements are treated as known covariates. This departs from the usual practice of normalizing the Rayleigh scattering counts by the laser intensities. For distributions supported on finite intervals two estimators of the probability density are given: one based on expansion of the density in orthonormal polynomials and the other based on the maximum likelihood. The latter procedure is applied to Rayleigh scattering data from an open V-shaped premixed methane–air flame.


This study aims at identifying the contemporary social and psychological variables such as: the social standard, the family circumstances, education, ecological environment, escaping from problems and tension and feeling inferior, and their relationship with the spread of addiction phenomenon among females in the slums, in addition to identifying the suffering of the habitants in the slums and the stages of falling in addiction.
The study uses the descriptive method. Data was collected through personal meeting and a questionnaire. The sample consists of (41) females who live in the slums .Some theories are used such as: The functional theory, which explains that addiction is the failure of the addict to play his role and that addiction is a delinquent behavior that opposes all the common things in the social system. In addition to the theory of social learning, which explains addiction as an educated behavior, resulted from joining a group of addicts . The results indicate a significant relationship between the contemporary social and psychological variables such as: family disintegration, bad friends, the spread of some wrong beliefs about addiction, poverty, escaping from problems and life circumstances and the addiction of women in the slums. Some of the recommendations of the study are:
-    The importance of keeping the stability of the family and the good example inside the family as the results show that females are affected with family disintegration more than males.
-    The importance of guiding females through media about the consequences of addiction in order not to be easily led through imitating or following a member of the family.
-    The importance of studying the slums and including them in the projects of the state.


Equations which define classical configurations of strings in R3 are presented in a simple form. General properties as well as particular classes of solutions of these equations are considered.


The modified Korteweg-de Vries equation describing the nonlinear self-distortion of the propagation cones of lower-hybrid waves is derived. The multiple soliton solutions (for finite density region) and the shock-like solutions (for low density region) are also obtained.


The concept of patrimony has many semantic values, as the notion of patrimony transcends time and undergoes connotative mutations. In the present study, we aim to analyze the concept of patrimony in an interdisciplinary approach, at the intersection of legal sciences with economic sciences. We aim to highlight the similarities and conceptual differences between legal patrimony and accounting patrimony. The research will be completed with an empirical experiment with the purpose of validating the research hypothesis on conceptual differences.


The objectives of this study were (1) to design an instrument which identifies the attributes of evaluative criteria that are used by patients in selecting a pharmacy for obtaining prescrip tion drugs, (2) to analyze these attributes and formulate dimensions of evaluative criteria, and (3) to assess the reliability of the instrument. The instrument contained 51 items describing various attributes of evaluative criteria. After pretesting the instrument, it was mailed to a systematic random sample of 500 households in Madison and Middleton, Wisconsin. The response rate was 69.5%. Using multivariate analysis, eleven dimensions (factors) were identified which explained 64.9% of the variance. Pharmacist-related factors accounted for approximately 39% of the variance. Reliability assessment of the instrument suggested that the sampling of items for the domain of evaluative criteria was adequate. As the practice of pharmacy evolves in the health care system, researchers must be cognizant of the fact that patient...


Objective: To determine whether a homebased exercise program with or without regular telephone contact and a placebo supplement could lessen self-reported knee pain. Design: Two-year, 6-group, randomized controlled trial. Power was calculated to detect a 20% change in self-reported pain. The single outcome assessor was blinded to group assignment. Setting: Study of the patients of 2 general practices in Nottingham, United Kingdom. Participants: Patients older than 44 years were sent a survey on knee pain by mail. Knee pain was reported by 21%, and 35% did not respond. Patients were included if they reported pain in or around the knee on most days for 1 month, had experienced pain during the last year, and had pain within the last week. Exclusion criteria were knee replacement, lower limb amputation, and a permanent cardiac pacemaker. 786 patients were randomized (mean age ∼62 yrs, most with bilateral pain and about half with radiologic evidence of osteophytes). Intervention: The study groups were: (1) Exercise: the simple, self-paced, 30-minute daily exercise program was designed to maintain and improve knee muscle strength, range of motion, and locomotor skills. The program was taught in the patient's home during 4 initial 30-minute visits. Progress was checked and adherence diaries collected at 6-monthly follow-up visits. (2) Telephone: a researcher made short monthly calls to monitor symptoms and offer advice on the management of knee pain. (3) Exercise and telephone. (4) No intervention except 6-monthly follow-up. Two of these groups were also randomized to a placebo tablet, but no placebo effect was found. Main outcome measures: The main outcome measure was self-reported knee pain at 2 years, measured by WOMAC (the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index. Pain score, 0–20). Secondary outcomes were change in stiffness and physical function (WOMAC), isometric muscle strength, and psychologic function. More than 81% in each group (including 11% who dropped out of the interventions) responded to the 24-month follow-up. Main results: In intention-to-treat analysis, after 2 years, the mean difference in selfreported pain for exercise groups compared with nonexercise groups was –0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI], –1.3 to –0.3; effect size, 0.25), and for telephone groups compared with nontelephone groups was –0.16 (CI, –0.6 to 0.3). Similar results were found at each 6-monthly assessment. After adjustment for adherence to exercise, the effect sizes for high, medium, and low adherence were 0.42, 0.34, and 0.16, respectively. Scores for stiffness, physical function, and isometric muscle strength were improved for the exercise groups compared with the nonexercise groups (P = 0.01, 0.001, and 0.002, respectively), but the groups did not differ in psychologic function. Conclusion: A home-based exercise program for older adults with knee pain lessened self-reported pain. The effect was greatest in those who adhered to the program. Regular telephone advice and placebo pills had no effect.


On the modeling of car passenger ferryship design parameters with respect to selected sea-keeping qualities and additional resistance in waves This paper presents the modeling of car passenger ferryship design parameters with respect to such design criteria as selected sea-keeping qualities and additional resistance in waves. In the first part of the investigations approximations of selected statistical parameters of design criteria of ferryship were elaborated with respect to ship design parameters. The approximation functions were obtained with the use of artificial neural networks. In the second part of the investigations design solutions were searched for by applying the singleand multi-criterial optimization methods. The multi-criterial optimization was performed by using Pareto method. Such approach made it possible to present solutions in such form as to allow decision makers (shipowner, designer) to select solutions the most favourable in each individual case.


Question In middle-aged and older men, does supplementation with vitamin E or vitamin C decrease risk for prostate and total cancer? Methods Design Randomized, 2 x 2 factorial, placebo-controlled trial (Physicians Health Study [PHS] II). ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00270647. Allocation Concealed.* Blinding Blinded (participants, clinicians, data collectors, and outcome assessors).* Follow-up period Mean 8 years. Setting USA. Participants 14641 male physicians 50 years of age (mean age 64 y), about half of whom had participated in the PHS I trial of beta carotene and aspirin. Men with active liver disease, serious illness, or history of cirrhosis (but not those with history of cancer or cardiovascular disease) or who were taking anticoagulant drugs were excluded. Intervention Vitamin E, 400 IU every other day, plus placebo for vitamin C (n =3659); vitamin C, 500 mg/d, plus placebo for vitamin E (n =3673); vitamin E plus vitamin C (n =3656); or double placebo (n =3653). Participants were also randomized in factorial fashion to beta carotene and multivitamins or corresponding placebos. Outcomes Primary outcome was prostate cancer for vitamin E and total cancer for vitamin C. Secondary outcomes included lung and colorectal cancer, and all-cause and cancer mortality. The trial had 80% power to detect a 13% relative reduction in total cancer and a 19% reduction in prostate cancer (2-sided =0.05). Patient follow-up 95% (intention-to-treat analysis). Main results Adherence to study medications was 78% at 4 years and 71% at end of follow-up. The vitamin E and vitamin C groups did not differ from the corresponding placebo groups for prostate cancer, total cancer (Table), or any secondary outcome. Conclusion In middle-aged and older men, supplementation with vitamin E or vitamin C did not decrease risk for prostate or total cancer. Vitamin E or vitamin C vs placebo to prevent cancer in men Outcomes Treatment Rate/1000 person-y At a mean 8 y Vitamin Placebo RRR (95% CI) Prostate cancer Vitamin E 9.1 9.5 3% (9 to 15) RRI (CI) Vitamin C 9.4 9.2 2% (10 to 15) Total cancer Vitamin E 17.8 17.3 4% (5 to 13) Vitamin C 17.6 17.5 1% (8 to 10) Abbreviations defined in Glossary. RRR, RRI, and CI calculated from hazard ratios in article, adjusted for age, cohort, and random assignment to other drugs and stratified for cancer at baseline. Includes only men without prostate cancer at baseline (n =13983). Commentary Selenium and vitamin E supplements were selected for prostate cancer prevention trials based on analyses of secondary endpoints from randomized controlled trials; vitamin C was primarily selected for its antioxidant properties. In a US trial, men receiving 200 g/d of selenium to prevent recurrent skin cancer had a 63% decreased risk for prostate cancer (95% CI 29 to 82) (1). Finnish smokers receiving 50 mg/d of vitamin E to prevent lung cancer had a 32% decreased risk for prostate cancer (CI 12 to 47) (2). The reductions represented 22 fewer cases among the 479 men receiving selenium in the skin cancer study (1), but only 48 fewer cases among the 14564 men receiving vitamin E in the lung cancer study (2). In these trials, the occurrence of most cancers, including the primary endpoints, was not reduced, suggesting that the prostate cancer outcomes could have been chance findings. Extrapolating these results to clinical practice was problematic because the trials were conducted before the prostate-specific antigen era, and neither trial systematically evaluated participants for prevalent or incident prostate cancer. Consequently, SELECT and PHS II were designed to more rigorously test the hypothesis that micronutrient supplements prevent prostate cancer. However, neither trial found any evidence for benefit from supplemental selenium, vitamin E, or vitamin C. Although PHS II used a factorial design that also randomly assigned participants to a multivitamin with low doses of vitamins E and C, no statistical evidence exists that this affected study outcomes. The results of these trials make a compelling argument against routinely recommending these supplements to prevent prostate cancer. The only population that might benefit from vitamin E is smokers, perhaps because of their increased oxidative stress. Consistent with the Finnish trial (2), an analysis of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial found an inverse association between baseline vitamin E use and prostate cancer risk, but only among smokers (3). However, the validity of this observation is uncertain, and vitamin E supplements have been associated with increased all-cause mortality (4). A potential candidate for prostate cancer chemoprevention is the 5-reductase inhibitor finasteride, which decreased cancer risk by 25% (18% vs 24%, P < 0.001) in the randomized placebo-controlled Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (5). Enthusiasm for finasteride was tempered by the increased incidence of high-grade cancer in the finasteride group (6.4% vs 5.1%, P =0.005). Although subsequent analyses suggested that this finding was an artifact, finasteride would still be an extremely expensive (> $100000 per quality-adjusted life-year gained) chemoprevention strategy (6). Further, given that prostate cancer is often indolent, we do not know whether preventing preventable cancer will ultimately decrease disease-specific mortality.


BACKGROUND: Chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps (CRSwNP) have a high risk of recurrence and patients often experience repeated surgery. There are several types of inflammatory patterns in CRSwNP, such as Th2 inflammation (eosinophilic) and Th1/Th17 inflammation (neutrophilic). AIM: This study aims to determine the expression of IL-5, IL-8, IL-17A and TGF-β in recurrent CRSwNP using the most convenient and non-invasive examination tool such as brushing the mucosal polyp and find out its correlation with polyp tissues. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional comparative study was carried out on 15 samples of mucosal brushing and polyp tissue. Expressions of IL-5, IL-8, IL-17A and TGF-β on mucosa were measured using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) examination and tissues using Immunohistochemical (IHC) examination. RESULT: The result showed that Only IL-5 has a significant relationship between mucosa and tissue with moderate positive correlation (p < 0.05; r = 0.527). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that mucosa brushing could be used as a simple and non-invasive examination to observe the expression of IL-5 in recurrent CRSwNP. IL-5 is one of the cytokines that mark the Th2 (eosinophilic) inflammatory pattern where eosinophilic polyps are closely related to recurrence.


ABSTRACT This paper studies a problem of optimal reinsurance design under asymmetric information. The insurer adopts distortion risk measures to quantify his/her risk position, and the reinsurer does not know the functional form of this distortion risk measure. The risk-neutral reinsurer maximizes his/her net profit subject to individual rationality and incentive compatibility constraints. The optimal reinsurance menu is succinctly derived under the assumption that one type of insurer has a larger willingness to pay than the other type of insurer for every risk. Some comparative analyses are given as illustrations when the insurer adopts the value at risk or the tail value at risk as preferences.


High-Power Light Emitting Diode (LED) has rapidly d eveloped in recent years from indicators to illumination applications. The innovative heat diss ipating module of LED lamps in this research includ e a plurality of substrates juxtapositioned as multiple -layer, each substrate having a multi-chip LED arra y mounted thereon, whereby upon generation of heat by he LEDs. Each substrate will form as a heat dissipating plate connected to heat pipes and heat sink. By numerical simulation, several CFD models a re established to compute and analyze for the modules nder natural convection. According to the design parameters from the simulation results, a series of heat dissipation modules are manufactured in pract ice. Modules temperatures were measured to compare with the simulation results at an input power of 120Watt and 180Watt. Illumination tests were also carried o ut to verify the performance of the lamp. The multiple-layer substrates can instantly effectively dissipate the heat outwardly for preventing deteri orat on of the illumination quality of the LED lamps.


Quantum computing has the potential to significantly impact many application domains, as several quantum algorithms are promising to solve problems more efficiently than possible on classical computers. However, various complex pre- and post-processing tasks have to be performed when executing a quantum circuit, which require immense mathematical and technical knowledge. For example, calculations on today's quantum computers are noisy and require an error mitigation task after the execution. Hence, integrating classical applications with quantum circuits is a difficult challenge. In this paper, we introduce a modeling extension for imperative workflow languages to enable the integration of quantum computations and ease the orchestration of classical applications and quantum circuits. Further, we show how the extension can be mapped to native modeling constructs of extended workflow languages to retain the portability of the workflows. We validate the practical feasibility of our approach by applying our proposed extension to BPMN and introduce Quantum4BPMN.


— Most of the autonomic cloud computing architectures are either a domain specific architecture or focus on certain properties of autonomic computing. In addition, they do not concentrate on the core issues related to the design and architectural concerns with respect to autonomic cloud computing in which the cloud can manage itself. In this paper, we propose a generic software architectural style for autonomic cloud computing systems that is based on a simplified layered approach. The proposed architectural style consists of five layers in which the bottom layer consists of cloud hardware/software resources, the second layer consists of a virtual machine that provides flexibility to service providers to utilize cloud resources, the third layer consists of an autonomic manager that manages cloud services, the fourth layer consists of a cloud service provider which provides services to cloud clients, and finally, the fifth and top layer represents the client layer that enables users to utilize the provided cloud services. This architectural style is a flexible and expandable software architecture solution for autonomic cloud computing systems, in which the service providers in the cloud can integrate their services within the architecture of the cloud computing software system. Additionally, this architecture enables the software architects to design and model their cloud computing software system in a flexible way that will maximize the reuse of existing cloud software components within their software system.


The authors focus on a small propeller turbine utilizing the extremely low head and relatively much flow rate sites. The proposed propeller turbine by the authors previously had fixed pitch vanes, and the vane was made of a constant thickness metal plate to reduce manufacturing cost and required technology. The turbine was in a step in the casing and had an outer ring on the runner vane periphery. The structure effectively suppressed the tip leakage flow but had no significant effect on turbine efficiency improvement. This is the limit of the constant thickness blade rotor. So, this study focuses on making the runner by additive manufacturing by the 3D printer because it is faster and cheaper than conventional production methods and is expected to improve turbine efficiency and physical strength. This study aims to compare the performance of the new ring runner model designed to further improve the efficiency of the turbine by CFD analysis and experiment. As a result, the turbine efficiency improved, tip leakage flow was suppressed by attached to the outer ring compared with the previous model


This paper focuses on the modulation strategy optimization of an isolated modular multilevel DC/DC converter (IMMDC). IMMDC sub-modules' dc capacitor and arm inductor has an inherent resonance condition, which leads to high oscillation in arm current dc component. Traditional two-level or quasi two-level phase shift operation has no damping capability to this resonance. In this paper, a novel modulation strategy and corresponding control strategy are proposed to damp this kind oscillation in IMMDC. The simulation results are provided and a down-scaled prototype has been built as well to verify the proposed modulation and control strategies.


A telecommunication system in real time long link interface interaction timeout processing apparatus and method to solve the high real-time interaction information between telecommunication system stability and reliability problems, but also to meet the requirements of interactive information and automatic recording of the automatic analysis, wherein the service interface includes an internal real-time messaging and interactive-in adapter, the internal real-time traffic message exchange interface adapted to exchange request message through the interface processing module queues the message in real time adaptive interface interaction by interacting reply message processing queue internal service interface module is connected, the interactive information session pool are connected to exchange request message queue processing module, the interaction reply message processing module queues, and timeout interaction scanning module, the scan module is connected timeout interactive exchange request message queue processing module, and interactive information recording module the interaction information recording module is connected interact reply message queue processing module and analysis module interaction information.


What lead to the financial constraints and restriction the development of SME in China? There are two explanations about this issue,which are the "Banking Structure View" and the "Credit Institution View".Our empirical findings are consistent with the latter,but against the former.Therefore,well developed credit institutional environment is the key of solving these problems.


Homology modeling of G protein‐coupled receptors is becoming a widely used tool in drug discovery. However, unrefined models built using the bovine rhodopsin crystal structure as the template, often have binding sites that are too small to accommodate known ligands. Here, we present a novel systematic method to refine model active sites based on a pressure‐guided molecular dynamics simulation. A distinct advantage of this approach is the ability to introduce systematic perturbations in model backbone atoms in addition to side chain adjustments. The method is validated on two test cases: (1) docking of retinal into an MD‐relaxed structure of opsin and (2) docking of known ligands into a homology model of the CCR2 receptor. In both cases, we show that the MD expansion algorithm makes it possible to dock the ligands in poses that agree with the crystal structure or mutagenesis data. Proteins 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The oral teachings for vocational college students is to improve the ability of listening,speaking and application.The communicative teaching method and mission teaching model with the guide of constructivism concentrate on the mutual interactions between teacher and student,student and student,student and mission,student and context,student and multi-media,etc,which do great help to cultivate the students with good oral communicative ability and creativity.


This paper applies wavelet methods to signal filtering and extracting characteristic of rotating machines vibration signal, using Wavelet Mallat algorithm filtering high frequency of gathering signal, and using wavelet packet algorithm extracting characteristic signal. The experiment proves that methods have a excellent effect.


Ultra-Wide-Band (UWB) was recognized as its great potential in constructing accurate indoor position system (IPS). However, indoor environments were full of complex objects, the signals might be reflected by the obstacles. Compared with the Line-Of-Sight (LOS) signal, the signal transmitting path delay contained in None-Line-Of-Sight (NLOS) signal would induce positive distance errors and position errors. Before employing ranging information from the channels to calculate the position, LOS/NLOS classification or identification was necessary for selecting the "clean" channels. In conventional method, features extracted from the UWB channel impulse response (CIR) or some other signal properties were employed as the input vector of the machine learning methods, e.g. Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multi-layer Perception (MLP). Deep learning methods represented by Convolutional neural network (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) had performed superior performance in dealing with time series data classification. In this pap er, deep learning method CNN-LSTM was employed in the UWB NLOS/LOS signal classification. UWB CIR data was directly input to the CNN-LSTM. CNN was employed for exploring and extracting the features automatically, and then, the CNN outputs were fed into the LSTM for classification. Open source datasets collected from seven different sites were employed in the experiments. Classification accuracy of CNN-LSTM with different settings was compared for analyzing the performance. The results showed that CNN-LSTM obtained stat e-of-art classification performance.


THE DEVELOPMENT, TYPES, AND PROPERTIES ARE REVIEWED OF COMPOSITES OF PLASTIC OR POLYMER AND CONCRETE. SINCE 1965, MOST OF THE RESEARCH EFFORTS IN THE UNITED STATES HAVE CENTERED ON PIC (POLYMER IMPREGNATED CONCRETE) - A HARDENED PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE WHICH IS IMPREGNATED WITH A LOW VISCOSITY MONOMER THAT IS POLYMERIZED IN SITU. BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY RESEARCHERS HAVE INDICATED THAT THE TIME IS APPROPRIATE TO START DESIGNING AND CONSTRUCTING PIC STRUCTURES AND BRIDGE MEMBERS. /AUTHOR/


Since China started the reform of housing commercialization in 1998,the regulation and adjustment of the real estate market gradually developed and deepened,which determines the wealth effect of the real estate market may display dynamic changes as the market adjusts in different stages.This article uses distributed lag model and the time - varying parameter model to deepen our understanding about the real estate market wealth effect and analyze the main reasons that affect the dynamic fluctuations of wealth effect in different regions.Finally,this article suggests taking different and efficient measures for different regions so as to stimulate the consuming demand and simultaneously control the excessive growth of housing prices that may cause pricing bubbles.


This work studies the data phase synchronizers of closed loop or data phase lock loop (DPLL). This synchronizer have all its blocks inside of the loop, for this reason it is called closed loop. The synchronizer is a loop with a phase comparator and VCO (Voltage Controlled Oscillator), that synchronizes the output feedback with the main input data. We consider four data synchronizers namely the analog, the hybrid, the combinational and the sequential. The objective is to study the four synchronizers and to evaluate their output jitter UIRMS (Unit Interval Root Mean Square) versus input SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio).


This article aims to present the motivation and expectations of 20 students learners of French as a foreign language, in a French class offered at a language center of a public university in Minas Gerais. As an instrument for data collection we used a questionnaire applied to the participating students in order to list their motivation and expectations at the beginning of the course. We believe that the motivation plays an important role in the success or failure of learning. Therefore, identifying what motivates or discourages learners and their expectations in this process was particularly relevant for teachers to adapt their classes to the public.


Boron trifluoride (BF3) doped tetraaniline with novel structure were successfully synthesized via two step method. In the first step, emeraldine base form tetraaniline was synthesized via oxidative chemical polymerization of N-phenyl-1, 4-phenylenediamine using ammonium persulphate as oxidant. In the second step involves control BF3 doping of tetraaniline using boron trifluoride etherate. As synthesized BF3 doped tetraaniline have been well characterized by UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetry. Thermogravimetry studies revealed that the BF3 doping improved the thermal stability of tetraaniline.


The patient is a woman, aged 34, who has had pain in the kidney region for twenty years, and had her kidney fixed eighteen years ago, but the pain has continued. An excretion urogram shows the kidney to be in the iliac fossa. No catheter would pass up the ureter on that side nor was any dye excreted froin that ureter. On exploration the kidney was found to be fixed just above the iliac crest. It was congenitally lobulated, being divided into one large and one small lobule. Nephro-ureterectomy was performed and the patient made an uninterrupted recovery. (Cases I and II have been under my care bv the courtesy of Mr. James McClure, F.R.C.S.)


Abstract We have developed two different art applications as a way of guiding and testing of our technical work in crowd simulation and interface devices. In this paper, we describe both of them as well as the systems used to implement them. 'Crowds' is an immersive art installation with stereo projection based on our development of the specification of crowd behavior using XML and images, a proprietary tangible wind interface, and interactive real-time navigation. 'UnderCrowds' deals with large crowds, implemented in the graphics processor, and uses a crowd sensor to make the size of the virtual crowd proportional to the number of spectators crossing in front of the said sensor.


Objectives: Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension. RAS may cause renal insufficiency, uncontrolled hypertension and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of contrast enhanced Flash 3D Renal Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) in the depiction of the RAS also detecting of accessory and polar renal arteries with intraarterial digital subtraction angiography (DSA) still serving as the reference standard. Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, we reviewed contrast enhanced Flash 3D Renal MRA and DSA of 71 patients who were suspected of having RAS and underwent DSA after MRA within 15 days. DSA was accepted as gold standart and the specificity, sensitivity and accuracy of MRA were determined. Results: Overall sensitivity and specificity values of contrast enhanced Flash 3D Renal MRA in detecting stenosis were 96.1% and 76.3% respectively. Conclusions: Contrast enhanced Flash 3D Renal MRA is a reliable noninvasive imaging modality in the diagnosis of RAS.


Sexual dimorphism of white matter has not been considered important, the assumption being that sex hormones are not essential for glial development. We recently showed exogenous hormones in vivo differentially regulate in male and female rodents the life span of oligodendrocytes (Olgs) and amount of myelin (Cerghet et al. [ 2006 ] J. Neurosci. 26:1439–1447). To determine which hormones regulate male and female Olg development, we prepared enriched Olg cultures grown in serum‐free medium with estrogen (E2), progesterone (P2), and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) or their combinations. P2 significantly increased the number of Olgs in both sexes, but more so in females; E2 had minor effects on Olg numbers; and DHT reduced Olgs numbers in both sexes, but more so in females. Combinations of hormones affected Olg numbers differently from single hormones. The change in Olg numbers was due to changes not in proliferation but rather in survival. P2 increased pAKT by many‐fold, but MAPK levels were unchanged, indicating that activation of the Akt pathway by P2 is sufficient to regulate Olg differentiation. DHT reduced pAkt in both sexes but differentially increased pMAPK in males and decreased it in females. Stressing Olgs reveals that both sexes are protected by P2, but females are slightly better protected than males. Females always showed greater differences than males regarding changes in Olg numbers and in signaling molecules. Given the greater fluctuation of neurosteroids in women than in men and the higher incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in women, these sexually dimorphic differences may contribute to differences in male and female MS lesions. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


SUMMARY

In this combined anatomical and radiological study the authors examine closely the relationship of the vertebral artery to the body, uncinate process and pedicle of cervical vertebra. They provide a detailed and critical examination of the normal and abnormal anatomy of the adjacent vertebra when a tortuous vertebral artery is present. The literature on the phenomenon of tortuous vertebral artery is reviewed and our anatomical and radiological findings are related to previous contributions by other workers. The differences between the radiological appearance of a cervical vertebra with an adjacent tortuous vertebral artery and one affected by neurofibroma are stressed. Some new evidence is provided in support of our suggestion that an indentation or erosion caused by a tortuous vertebral artery may be, at least in some cases, of developmental origin. Our study reveals that while minor indentations of the side of the cervical vertebral body may occur at any level from C2 to C6, the most marked indentations occur with the greatest frequency at C4 and especially on the left side.


This humorous illustrated story involves a family of ducklings and their mother, using rhyme and repetition to encourage parents and the very young to share the enjoyment of reading and being read to.


PURPOSE: To provide a novel modified nucleotide that can be a substituent for a radio-active labeled body of natural nucleotide and has the use for chromosomal karyotyping, clinical diagnosis of bacteria, viruses or fimgi, diagnosis of genetic diseases and the like. CONSTITUTION: This compound is represented by formula I (B is a purine or the like that covalently links to the C 1 ' position; A is a hapten or a ligand of 3 or more carbon atoms; the dotted line is a chemical bond linking B to A where, when B is purine, it bonds to the 8 position of the purine, when B is 7-deazapurine, it bonds to the 7-position of the deazapurine and, when B is pyrimidine, it bonds to the 5-position of the pyrimidine; x, y, z are independently H, OH, or the like), typically biotinylated UTP. The modified nucleotide is obtained by reaction of a compound of formula II with a mercuric salt to form a mercuric compound of formula III followed by reaction of the product with the formula: N (N is A or a reactive terminal group) that is reactive with -Hg + moiety in the presence of K 2 PdCl 4 in an aqueous solution. COPYRIGHT: (C)1995,JPO


AbstractThree years' experience with the manufacture of PPL (a pasteurized plasma protein solution) and over one year's experience of plasma fractioning by the Nitschmann modification of the method of Cohn have led us to develop a number of own ideas concerning the approach to the whole fractionation programme as regards products, methods and clinical use and which are described in detail.


The most urgent and important thing for a newly deployed sensor as to quickly establish a primary structure. In this paper, a practical algorithm for selecting cluster leader nodes and for setting up the affiliation of leader nodes and slave nodes is presented. Since the occurrence of collision (or co-channel interference) is a serious problem in unstructured networks, three independent channels are taken to reduce interference, Further, we analyze the algorithm based on a co-channel interference model. The simulation results show even in this harsh model, the primary initialization algorithm in our paper can be completed efficiently.


As Tracy Floreani notes in her introduction to Fifties Ethnicities: The Ethnic Novel and Mass Culture at Midcentury, the fifties have come to be remembered as a decade in which whiteness was particularly venerated while ethnic difference has been "elided . . . from much of popular memory" (1) of the era. This popular memory has been shaped in large part by mass-produced images. Such images, from "Donna Reed in an apron" to "screaming Elvis fans," have promoted a "homogenous nostalgia about the era because of the facility with which they were mass produced, preserved, and made mainstream." Floreani explains that "the fact that the majority of the faces in these images appeared Anglo has kept that collective image as majority white" (15). Despite the homogeneity that defined midcentury mass culture, Floreani insists that American national identity itself was in flux during this time. She examines a diverse group of literary and visual texts to complicate the popular memory of the fifties as ethnically homogenous, considering how ethnic writers "were very much engaged in playing with the mythologies set out within mass culture, in engaging the real estate of representation occupied most visibly— but not solely—by mass media, and in offering additional narratives for reimagining the American self" (20). Through these literary engagements, ethnic writers "frame the consumer and gender imperatives within popular configurations of American identity, calling into question the ways in which the privileging of these enactments of citizenship also inherently privilege whiteness" (2). They also demonstrate that the consumer economy, despite its social power, offers "some narrow avenues for diversity" (19). Floreani discusses five ethnic novels that address commercial, visual narratives, showing how even powerful American mythologies are subject to reinterpretation and offer a variety of strategies for response, ranging from assimilation to more postmodern views of identity. Floreani's critical approach in Fifties Ethnicities draws on both ethnic studies and midcentury studies in order to explore the evolution of American cultural citizenship in the post-war period. She includes a wide range of ethnic novels, including those by immigrant writers C. Y. Lee and Vladimir Nabokov, African American writers Gwendolyn Brooks and Ralph Ellison, and Armenian American writer William Saroyan. What unites the novels in her study is that each


Abstract The view of Sunnī scholars about minorities and sects in the medieval Muslim world has a crucial influence on their actual image in the Middle East. While Šīʿīsm is considered a fifth school (maḏhab ) in Islam today, Sunni authorities have never accepted such sects as Bahāʾīs, Druzes and Nuṣayrī-ʿAlawīs as part of Islam. This rejection of what Sunnīs consider as heretical sects contributed to their persecution and isolation, which lasted until the twentieth century.


The multicontinuum approach has been developed to investigate the filtration of oil-in-water emulsions using membrane technology. Although the fate of individual oil droplets at the membrane surface is determined by the balance of hydrodynamic forces in addition to the applied pressure, such fates cannot be used to determine the overall macroscopic behavior of the membrane. The fact that both the oil and the membrane represent distributions of sizes highlights the idea that such size distributions may be used to construct multiple continua for both the oil and the membrane. Each oil continuum interacts with all membrane continua according to the rules that determine the fate of each individual droplet in each range. The need to validate this modeling approach is essential to build confidence in the myriad results obtained by this approach. For this reason, an experimental set up has been designed and used to provide a verification framework to test the results obtained by the multicontinuum approach and c...


This is a Final Report for a Joint Research Interchange (JRI) between NASA Ames Research Center and San Jose State University, Department of Meteorology. The focus of this JRI has been to investigate the nature of intraseasonal and interannual variability of Mars'present climate. We have applied a three-dimensional climate model based on the full hydrostatic primitive equations to determine the spatial, but primarily, the temporal structures of the planet's large-scale circulation as it evolves during a given seasonal advance, and, over multi-annual cycles. The particular climate model applies simplified physical parameterizations and is computationally efficient. It could thus easily be integrated in a perpetual season or advancing season configuration, as well as over many Mars years. We have assessed both high and low-frequency components of the circulation (i.e., motions having periods of Omicron(2-10 days) or greater than Omicron(10 days), respectively). Results from this investigation have explored the basic issue whether Mars' climate system is naturally 'chaotic' associated with nonlinear interactions of the large-scale circulation-regardless of any allowance for year-to-year variations in external forcing mechanisms. Titles of papers presented at scientific conferences and a manuscript to be submitted to the scientific literature are provided. An overview of a areas for further investigation is also presented.


This article analyzes the reason why China man triple jump level is backward,through looking up large number documents,and puts forward some reasonable countermeasures for its development.


Repetitive control algorithm is widely implemented in the grid-connected inverters as its excellent tracing and anti-jamming performances.A grid-connected inverter hardware solution of dual current loop structure is proposed,and it is analyzed that the anti-jamming performance and the stability of the system are improved when the inner current loop is set,a design method of repetitive control algorithm under dual closed loop is also proposed.Theoretical analysis and experimental results verify that the dual closed loop repetitive control based inverter has high output energy quality and low THD of grid-connected current.


Nonproteinogenic amino acids (NAAs) are well known for their potent biological activities and unique chemical functionalities that are not encoded in proteins. NAAs are produced across all kingdoms of life, and many NAAs have broad applications in agriculture, nutrition, and medicine. The biosynthetic chemistries for many NAAs, however, remain largely unknown. I will discuss our recent results on reconstituting the biosynthesis of a class of NAAs called oxyvinylglycines, which exist as free amino acids and act as antimetabolites. Our work has uncovered unique enzymatic transformations involved in the biosynthesis of oxyvinylglycines. Understanding the biosynthetic chemistry of NAAs could facilitate the discovery of new enzyme catalysts and engineered biosynthesis of NAA‐containing natural products.


Abstract Iron (Fe) status among healthy male and female blood donors, aged 18–65 years, is estimated. General characteristics and lifestyle factors, dietary habits and major one-carbon metabolism-related polymorphisms were also investigated. An explorative cross-sectional study design was used to examine a sample of blood donors attending the Transfusion Medicine Unit of the Verona University Hospital, Italy. From April 2016 to May 2018, 499 subjects were enrolled (255 men, 244 women, 155 of whom of childbearing age). Major clinical characteristics including lifestyle, dietary habits and Fe status were analysed. The MTHFR 677C > T, cSHMT 1420C > T, DHFR 19bp ins/del and RFC1 80G > A polymorphisms were also assayed. Mean plasma concentrations of Fe and ferritin were 16·6 µmol/l (95 % CI 16·0, 17·2) and 33·8 µg/l (95 % CI 31·5, 36·2), respectively. Adequate plasma Fe concentrations (> 10·74 µmol/l) were detected in 84·3 % and adequate ferritin concentrations (20–200 µg/l) was found in 72·5 % of the whole cohort. Among the folate-related polymorphisms analysed, carriers of the DHFR 19bp del/del mutant allele showed lower ferritin concentration when compared with DHFR 19bp ins/del genotypes. In a sample of Italian healthy blood donors, adequate plasma concentrations of Fe and ferritin were reached in a large proportion of subjects. The relationship of Fe status with lifestyle factors and folate-related polymorphisms requires more investigation to clarify further gene–nutrient interactions between folate and Fe metabolism.


An approximate heuristic expression for the particle self-shielding factor for a set of purely absorbing spheres of radius r and volume fraction V well mixed with another set of non-absorbing spher...


Conveying the definition but not the intent, how do you do that government's way? Bitterly easy, introduce the concepts of Composite and Mixed Supply under Section 8 of Central Goods and Services Tax Act, 2017 ('the Act'). The present piece provide a discussion over the application of these concepts in transactions which by their nature involves more than one element of supply.


1. Migration has always been a key political issue in Europe; however, the patterns of migration have changed over the years. Many Member States of the European Union (EU) have evolved from net emigration to net immigration countries. In this article, we try to shed more light on the labour market situation of immigrants and distinguish for this purpose migration originating inside and outside the EU in current borders. We use micro data from the comprehensive European Union Labour Force Survey (EU LFS) database, which was made available recently with up-to-date data. To limit the complexity and workload in favour of more detailed analysis on specific topics, a reduced set of countries was selected instead of presenting


This article looks at the economic, political and cultural idiosyncrasies that mark the Caribbean countries, with special emphasis on the cases of Cuba, Haiti and the Dominican Republic. It also covers two of the problems that might be decisive for the future of the region, given the central place that they hold in the agenda of the United States: drug traffic and migration. It is in this context that, finally, the advances and obstacles in the political transition to democracy are examined, presenting the heterogeneity of the respective processes in these three countries as well as their points of convergence.


Abstract : The U.S. Naval Research Laboratory has installed GPS-based timing systems in several DSCS satellite communication facilities to support the Single Channel Transponder program. These systems were originally installed between 1998 and 2000 in 11 sites located around the world. The goals were to manage the satellite crystal oscillators to 25 microseconds and the ground cesium clocks to 5 microseconds. This paper will describe the project's progress, with results showing the time management of the satellite oscillators and the cesium-beam clocks. A Windows-compatible computer program written to facilitate the clock management will also be described.


A deeper understanding of naphtha catalytic cracking is required for on-purpose propylene production in downflow HS-FCC. A study was conducted wherein olefinic and paraffinic naphthas were cracked in a MAT (microactivity test) reactor over various blends of Y- and ZSM5-based catalysts. Reaction kinetics was tracked in order to gain insights into the process chemistry of naphtha catalytic cracking. It was found that olefins rapidly crack in olefinic naphthas while the other components crack at a much slower rate. The ultimate conversion of paraffinic naphtha is approximately equal to the total paraffin content. Naphthenes can either crack or convert to aromatics depending on temperature and ZSM5 content in the mixture. The formation of dry gas (H2, C1, and ethane) is due to carbonium-ion cracking and not thermal cracking. The relative important of carbonium- or carbenium-ion cracking is determined by process conditions and by catalyst composition.


The exact manufacturing techniques of cranked shaft from stamped preparations at size provide indemnification of influence of the layer not strengthened without carbon from the differentiated water stream of processing, that, in turn, demand research of influence of initial technological residual pressure on the basic loading of the strengthened cranked shaft.


High-T/sub c/ superconducting flux flow transistors were fabricated by focused ion-beam irradiation with thin films of co-evaporated YBaCuO. The line-shaped vortex flow channels (0.8 /spl mu/m in width) were constructed by scanning a focused Ga ion-beam (500 nm in diameter) to reduce the critical super-current of the film. The three terminal characteristics of the device were successfully measured. The flux flow characteristics and the transresistance of the submicron channel were measured and compared with those of an ordinary device with a channel wider than 2 /spl mu/m. The measured flow voltage, transresistance and current gain are discussed in relation to the parallel flow of the vortices in the wide channel.<<ETX>>


INTRODUCTION Decision support systems (DSS) are a specific group of computerised information systems that support management, business and organisational decision making activities. In case of environmental questions, these information systems include data implementation in a Geographical Information System (GIS) to visualise results. Due to the availability of information of various scales, the DSS-structure is built of several layers containing miscellaneous data clusters of different significance. One of the main problems that have to be accounted for is caused by scaling effects, which are mainly influenced by 1) existing environmental heterogeneity, 2) regionalisation of an inhomogeneous data pool, and 3) scale differences between input parameters and resulting output. Even though sampling and analytics can be controlled by the use of guidelines for quality assurance, the main source of errors is imposed by the compilation of punctual information into data of spatial distribution. Data affected by different anthropogenic or geogenic impacts may cause high fuzziness of results, which are then unsuitable for a DSS.


To solve the problem in implementation of the traditional Measurement-based Call Admission Control, a novel scheme, Quantitative Handling Based Call Admission Control has been proposed, which is measurement-based and practical in engineering. The system implementation including hardware and software is presented in detail. Compared with the existing measurement-based CAC, the advantages of this method have been stated.


Description of the "Under Construction", the environmental education program that offers Legambiente for the second consecutive year at schools of all levels. It is the ideal continuation to "take the city ', the proposal for urban regeneration schools across Italy.


At first, this paper defined the grey number inverse operation, proposed a essential condition about the grey number's addition and subtraction inverse operation, then discovered the constitutive error in process of the addition and subtraction inverse operation that is the generally result in the addition and subtraction inverse operation enlarges the length to \b − a\ in the top and bottom sector comparing to the exact solution. The author has introduced a kind Optimize Operator (b − a) − 2(b − a)r that is based on the standard grey number for eliminating this kind of constitutive error in the inverse operation, which was properly used in three forms of addition and subtraction inverse operation. At last, the author confirmed this method's feasibility and usability through a classical example.


Objective To analysis the serum levels of the Th1/Th2 cytokines interleukine-2 and interleukine-5 in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease(AITD) and investigate the relationship between the imbalance of Th1/Th2 cytokines and the pathogenesis of AITD.Methods 20 healthy as controls and 75 patients were studied.45 patients suffered from GD,30 patients suffered from HT.The serum concentrations of interleukine-2(IL-2) and interleukin-5(IL-5),representative cytokines of Th1 and Th2 cells respectively,were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results(1)Compared with HT group and controls,the concentration of IL-5 in GD group was remarkably increased(P0.05).(2)Compared with GD group and controls,the concentration of IL-2 in HT group was remarkably increased(P0.05).(3)In HT patients,IL-2 serum levels were positively associated with TGAb and TMAb(r=0.517,P0.05;r=0.475,P0.01).Conclusion The expression of Th1 type cytokines gains advantage in HT,and the expression of Th2 type cytokines gains advantage in GD.


Based on theoretical analysis,a laboratory test was carried out using several coalescing internals with different structures to investigate the effect of coalescing internals acting on the separating performance of oil-water gravity separator.Residence time,oil concentration distribution,separating efficiency,oil concentration and median particle diameter difference in front and at the back of different coalescing structures were comprehensively contrasted.Results indicate that,reticulate corrugated plate has a good coalescing effect for small droplets,which can significantly improve oil-water separating efficiency and shorten residence time.The effect of opening corrugated plate is worse,while joggled-lap corrugated plate is the worst among the three structures.It was found that excellent performance of the coalescing structures should satisfy three conditions.Firstly,having good oleophilic and hydrophobic property;secondly,having sufficient channels for oil droplets to rise upward;thirdly,having larger contact area for mixture phase.This work provides good foundation for further development of effective and compact oil-water gravity separation equipment.


Using ion-beam sputtering technique, a series of Co20Cu80 granular film samples have been fabricated. We have observed variations in the resistance of the samples: in the lower magnetic fields the variations of dV/dI curve is slow. When HHS , a high current density (108A/cm2) is injected into the samples through a means of point contact, the dV/dI curve can appear a peak value . It's proposed that the observed resistance changes are due to excitations of zero-wane-number spin wanes in the Co20Cu80 granular film. and it's explained by a explorative theory . At the same time, the Giant Magnetoresistance (GRM) effect and static contact resistance (Rc) of the sample were investigated under the high inject current and the externally applied magnetic field