"Among the many fields of present‐day physics which promise significant contributions to the automotive industry in the near future, is the physics of the 'solid‐state'." These words, spoken in a March 1938 address by Cornell University physicist Floyd K. Richtmyer, proved to be prophetic. Today, virtually every vehicle on the road has some solid‐state component in its electrical system. In fact, the newest American automobiles embody integrated circuit technology in the form of durable microcomputers, which are an essential part of electronic engine‐control systems. Such systems are just one example of the important role that physics has played in the progress of the US automotive industry.


In this paper we (1) Describe two approaches to estimates of the spanning tree congestion from below; (2) Use the isoperimetric approach to find the exact value of the spanning tree congestion of complete multipartite graphs; (3) Present a proof of the isoperimetric result of Piliposyan-Muradyan for complete multipartite graphs.


Objective To study the clinical appearance and heredity mode of inherited rhegmatogenous retinal detachments(RRDs).Methods The RRD families were firstly selected,then the medical records collection,careful systematic and eye examination were given to all the RRD family members.The pedigree maps were drawn.Results 4 RRD families were enrolled in this study.Every family has more than or equal to 4 RRD patients in it.None of the family members showed facial,articular,auditory,and typical vitreous change.All the retinas attached in the RRD members.RRD in these families were inherited dominantly.Conclusions All these 4 families were identified as RRD families,not systematic syndrome families.The data of the family members can be used in further study of RRD gene map and gene scan.


This paper introduces the theory of moment,defines minimum enclosed rectangle, and brings forwards a new concept--ratio of inertial moment. The ratio of inertial moment μ has no measure, and μ∈. it has the features of translation invariance and rotation invariance. The paper discusses how to use ratio of inertial moment and minimum enclosed rectangle to express a geometry and its probability,it can be used in the layout design and the image recognition where geometrical shape match is needed. Some theorems and examples are given.


Contemporary automated systems rely mainly on conventional audiovisual feedback technologies based on 2D displays and audio. Rapid technology advances — especially but not restricted to edge computing, augmented and virtual reality, and adaptive interfaces — can enable mediated reality systems that will revolutionize interactions between humans and automated systems. In this position paper, we outline the potential of mediated reality to create a "good" automation experience. Specifically, we outline two potential scenarios facilitating mediated reality during human-automation collaboration. Guided by these examples, we highlight the potential benefits of using mediated reality, outline future research directions to achieve them, and specify the open challenges that are likely to be encountered. The paper argues for the viability of mediated reality and raises the need to align community efforts in realizing the full benefits of human-automation interactions.


Brown and Evans' proposed, a criterion for the validity of their series analogue of Everitt's extension of the Hardy–Littlewood inequality presupposes that the associated difference equation is in the strong–limit point at infinity. In this paper, we investigate the case when the difference equation involved is in the limit–circle case and non–oscillatory and also when the interval is finite.


Mao Zedong's idea about initiative is an important characteristic of Mao Zedong's value theory on life.It is one of the most important content of Mao Zedong's theory on contradiction transforming too.Mao Zedong's idea about initiative shows the integration of material and consciousness,activity and passivity.It also embodies the principal role that practice plays.It is the most essential experience why China's revolution can develop from small to large,from weak to powerful,from failure to success.It is a great example that Mao Zedong applies Marxism to concrete practice of China's revolution and construction.


We record with deep sorrow the untimely death of William J. Abernathy in December. Bill was an active member of TIMS and served the organization in many capacities including a term as Chairman of the College of Research and Development.


The improvement of the physicochemical properties of heavy crudes for their better use has brought the application of new technologies and processes to the oil and gas industry. Hydrodynamic cavitation consists of cavitating the working crude oil as it passes through a reactor, which operates with specific process parameters such as flow rate, hydrogen donor percentage, and temperature. In this work, we will focus on the effect of temperature on the fluid dynamics of the crude oil inside the Vortex reactor. The process started with a 3D steady-state, multiphase liquid-vapour fluid flow modelling with k-ε turbulence model and Schnerr-Sauer cavitation in Ansys Fluent software. The results obtained for the different operating temperatures in the range of 92 °F to 350 °F allowed us to analyse the behaviour of the fraction of vapour generated by cavitation. The amount of vapour produced in the reactor increased notably when a certain temperature value of the crude oil is reached, and the vortex effect becomes stronger in the fluid dynamics of the crude oil. To have a better understanding of the physical phenomena, the possibility of further investigation of this equipment with different crude oils and operating parameters is open to determine the optimal operating points of the hydrodynamic cavitation nano reactor.


CONGENITAL diaphragmatic hernia is a grave and rare condition, which is very seldom diagnosed during life. 'The case we record is the only one which has been observed among, at least, 800 babies born in the Obstetrid Hospital within the last eighteen months, and i t is the first case one of us has seen in a series of over zoo pose-mortem examinations on babies. The term diaphragmatic hernia is applied to any protrusion of the abdominal contents through the diaphragm. In a majority of the cases, the abdominal organs simply pass through an opening in the diaphragm, not constituting a true hernia in the right sense of the word, but a spurious diaphragmatic hernia. The true diaphragmatic hernia projects into the pleural cavity through a space in the muscle covered by peritoneum and pleura. Among So cases of congenital hernia, collected by Bohn,' a hernial sac was present in only 14. 'The left side is more frequently affected than the right. Of 42 diaphragmatic hernias, according to pop^,^ 37 were on the left side and only five on the right. According to Ballantyne,3 the male sex seems to be more liable to diaphragmatic hernia than the female ; thus in 67 case-records examined by him 47 were males and 20 females. The order of transposition of the abdominal viscera into the thorax, in diaphragmatic hernia, depends to a large extent on their mobility-thus stomach and spleen are most frequently found in the thorax, then transverse colon, caxum and appendix and later ileum. This order is, however, by no means invariable. These are some of the facts known about diaphragmatic hernia. There are numerous facts which are not explicable-such as whv lateral defects are much more common than mesial ; why the left side is more commonly affected than the right side; why the liver very rarely passes up into the thorax.


The dark energy – dark matter interaction has recently been proposed as a solution of the CDM crisis at galactic halo scales. We have made a study of general properties of two-fluid FLRW models with energy transfer between DE and matter, independently of the specific mechanism of interaction. A mixture of quintessence with negative pressure ($p_{\rm Q} = w\epsilon_{\rm Q}$) and matter with positive pressure ($p = \beta \epsilon_{\rm m}$) define the associated one-fluid model ($p = \gamma \epsilon$). It is shown that, for given  w and  β , the energy transfer defines  γ and, therefore, the total gravitating mass and dynamics of the model. The behaviour of the energy content, gravitating mass, pressure, and energy transfer are given as functions of the scale factor for interesting examples from different two-fluid classes, defined by the presence/absence of energy transfer and by the stationarity/non-stationarity of the equations of state. Three characteristic scales $a_{\cal E}$, $a_{\cal P}$, $a_{\cal M}$ separate periods of time in which quintessence energy, pressure and gravitating mass dominate. Sequences of the scales define six evolution types.


(57) [Abstract] discloses a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) actuator comprising a conductive coil that produces a first magnetic field which is opposed to the second magnetic field. The actuator includes two coils having a double, Archimedes spiral interleaved. Inside the actuator, together forming the one coil by spiral proceeding clockwise, constituting the other coil by spiral proceeding counterclockwise. But to secure the innermost of each coil to the substrate, the coil is a flexible, the outermost is freely upwards from the substrate, the extension in a direction away. Conductive bridge, mechanically couples the two coils of each actuator to the mirror. By placing a plurality of actuators around the mirror, when the supporting and operating a mirror, move to the edge of the mirror. Coil is electrically coupled to a source of lifting and control currents. Lifting current, supplies a constant current through a coil to produce a magnetic field. Permanent magnet is disposed on the opposite side of the substrate, it is adapted to produce a magnetic field of opposite polarity to the magnetic field of the coil. Upwardly outermost coil from the substrate, so as to lift the bridge and mirrors to stretch away, supplies the force field opposing to extend the coil. Then, by modulating the control current to increase or decrease the strength of the magnetic field of the coil, thereby increasing or decreasing the extension of the coil, thereby lifting the coil to the substrate.


Due to dangerous driving and car drivers not obeying basic traffic regulations, the number of child passengers killed and injured has increased more than three times in the Czech Republic since 1989. This is the reason why the Czech Ministry of the Interior has started a huge campaign on the use of appropriate child restraint devices in December 1994. This paper describes the background, the task of the campaign, tools used and the first results of the campaign. The bodies involved in the campaign are mentioned.The relationship with the making of new legislation in the Czech Republic is also described. The results show, among other things, an increase in the use of child restraint devices within the first campaign stage. For the covering abstract of the workshop see IRRD E200634.


The early detection of cancer relies on the ability to detect small lesions that have properties close to those of the surrounding normal tissue. The measure of the smallest size object visible with a given contrast is called the resolution of the imaging system. Contrast resolution and other performance tests of a medical imaging system are performed with objects called phantoms. A phantom with low contrast, like that of tissues, is required for the evaluation of the contrast resolution of the system. Such phantoms are available for use with X-ray computed tomography and ultrasound imaging systems but, previous to this work, none were available for a magnetic resonance imaging system. The purpose of this work has been to develop tissue-mimicking phantoms suitable for evaluation of contrast resolution in an $\sp1$H magnetic resonance imager.


In this study, a finite element model of the human lumbar spinal segments (L2-L5) was developed to investigate the clinical effects of posterior dynamic stabilization (PDS) system such as the semi-flexible device and its influence on the mobility of adjacent intervertebral segments. Three models were developed and compared: (1) a lumbar spine with intact discs, a reference; (2) a one segment fusion vertically parallel paired semi-flexible fixator and total laminectomy and (3) a paired rigid fixator and total laminectomy implemented at levels L3-L4. The disc pressure (on the adjacent segments in the fused spine) increased compared with that of the intact spine, but the disc pressure of the semi-flexible spine was similar to that of the intact spine. The use of semi-flexible devices prepared closer results in comparison to that of the intact spine.


Many sportsmen have been concerned about fishermen following the stocking truck. One method of discouraging this practice would be to minimize the advantage of fishing immediately after stocking. Since there is generally an inverse relationship between the proportion of stocked fish that are creeled and the length of time they have been in the stream, any procedure that discourages stocked fish from biting should have a temporary effect of probably not over 1 or 2 days. Under standard Pennsylvania practice, trout are not fed for several days before transportation to stocking points. This results in a lowered metabolic rate so that


Acemetacin is a new potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compound which is used for the treatment of
arthritis and rheumatic diseases. To establish...


The invention discloses a method for producing a polished tile simulating the texture of natural stone, which comprises a material distribution step as follows: a first material distribution device is used for distributing a powder material on a conveyor belt to form a discrete island-shaped material pile; a second material distribution device is used for spreading one or multiple thin powder layers on the material pile; and a third material distribution device, with a discharge port thereof being higher than those of the first and second material distribution devices, is used for distributing the powder material on the material layers. According to the method of the invention, stone textures in diversified styles can be designed, and the polished tile produced has the texture with rich layers and natural lines, is similar to natural stone, and accordingly, is full of aesthetic and decorative properties.


We describe a substrate heater constructed for use in an oxidizing environment in the temperature range of T⩽900 °C. The heating element is an ordinary projection lamp working in ambient near the end of a quartz tube fixed with a flange to a vacuum chamber. On the vacuum (outer) side of the tube is a smooth fitting stainless steel cylinder that conducts the heat to the region of the substrate. For fixing or removing the substrate the cylinder can be simply pulled off its position on the quartz tube. The heater that is described has been used, for example, for laser ablation of YBa2Cu3O6+x superconducting films.We describe a substrate heater constructed for use in an oxidizing environment in the temperature range of T⩽900 °C. The heating element is an ordinary projection lamp working in ambient near the end of a quartz tube fixed with a flange to a vacuum chamber. On the vacuum (outer) side of the tube is a smooth fitting stainless steel cylinder that conducts the heat to the region of the substrate. For fixing or removing the substrate the cylinder can be simply pulled off its position on the quartz tube. The heater that is described has been used, for example, for laser ablation of YBa2Cu3O6+x superconducting films.


Knowledge of the long-term performance of building envelopes subjected to simultaneous heat and moisture transport is critical during the design stage. A number of simulation models that can be used to analyse the combined heat and moisture behaviour of building structures have recently been developed. This, however, is not a straightforward task. A general approach to hygrothermal analysis is presented in this paper. The method is applied for a case of a wood frame wall design, evaluating the risk for mould growth within the construction.


We demonstrate the generation of noise-like pulses (NLPs) and soliton rains in a graphene saturable absorber mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser. Typical NLPs are obtained at a proper pump power and in a cavity polarization state. The soliton rain operation with multiple solitons can be achieved by finely adjusting the cavity polarization state. In addition, distinctive multi-soliton interactions are observed and investigated, including the fundamental mode-locking and multiple pulses. The experimental results can help further understand nonlinear pulse dynamics in ultrafast optics.


To be able to better the leaflet known to display the details of the CT medical images, this paper designed a set of medical image processing software interface system, outstanding help doctors diagnose in the medical image area, strengthen the details of the original low-resolution image recognition ability, reduce the information content of a single pixel, to improve the physician diagnosis effect. The medical image with higher resolution than the original image is obtained by using the super-resolution reconstruction algorithm based on interpolation, which mainly includes three algorithms: adjacent interpolation, bilinear interpolation, and bicubic interpolation. This article in to protect the image detail better double interpolation method based on the three times in a child function before the @ jit in real-time, and make the operation speed of nearly 600 times, improves the resolution, increases the pixel, and make the image more clear, and you can also realize the image of the shear, to enlarge beneficial to physicians discriminant disease, 16 times, 64 times the level of CT images can be achieved relatively clear amplification effect and can help physicians discriminant disease medical CT images effectively.


2D/2D heterostructures can combine the collective advantages of each 2D material and even show improved properties from synergistic effects. 2D Transition metal carbide Ti3C2 MXene and 2D 1T‐MoS2 have emerged as attractive prototypes in electrochemistry due to their rich properties. Construction of these two 2D materials, as well as investigation about synergistic effects, is absent due to the instability of 1T‐MoS2. Here, 3D interconnected networks of 1T‐MoS2/Ti3C2 MXene heterostructure are constructed by magneto‐hydrothermal synthesis, and the electrochemical storage mechanisms are investigated. Improved extra capacitance is observed due to enlarged ion storage space from a synergistically interplayed effect in 3D interconnected networks. Outstanding rate performance is realized because of ultrafast electron transport originating from Ti3C2 MXene. This work provides an archetype to realize excellent electrochemical properties in 2D/2D heterostructures.


What are the characteristics of current intraCommonwealth trade, and how can it be encouraged to grow?
Trading on Commonwealth Ties identifies opportunities for stimulating trade within the Commonwealth, but warns against setting up a free trade agreement across the member states. Chris Milner argues that while the idea of trying to build a Commonwealth free trade agreement may hold enormous appeal, it is fraught with legal, administrative and political difficulties. He identifies improving trade infrastructure – particularly roads, railways and port facilities – as a key means of lowering trading costs and boosting trade both within the Commonwealth and with nonCommonwealth countries.
IntraCommonwealth trade currently generates about US$225 billion a year in export trade for member countries, which is equivalent to about 16 per cent of Commonwealth countries' total exports. This is a substantial volume of trading activity, but overall the bulk of Commonwealth countries' trade is with countries outside the Commonwealth. Nonetheless, for some countries, like Botswana, Namibia, Papua New Guinea and Samoa, intraCommonwealth trade remains significant as it represents in excess of 70 per cent of their international trade.
This book will be of interest to economic planners, researchers and policymakers in all Commonwealth countries.


TrkA, the high affinity, tyrosine kinase receptor for nerve growth factor (NGF) has been implicated as an oncogene in several neoplasms. In prostate cancer, inhibitors of the NGF/TrkA signal pathway results in tumor growth inhibition. In contrast, inhibition of this trk pathway in the normal prostate produces no effect. One explanation for this difference between normal and malignant prostate is that TrkA is mutated in prostate cancer, changing its function. To test this possibility human primary prostate cancers were screened for evidence of mutations in the TrkA gene to identify how this gene might be activated in prostate cancer.


High-fidelity numerical solution of hyperbolic differential equations for functions with jump discontinuities presents a particular challenge. In general, fixed-stencil high-order numerical methods are unstable at discontinuities, resulting in exponential temporal growth of dispersive errors (Gibbs phenomena). Schemes utilizing adaptive stencils have shown to be effective in simultaneously providing high-order accuracy and long-time stability. In this Thesis, the elementary formulation of adaptive-stenciling is described in the finite difference context. Basic formulations are provided for three adaptive-stenciling methods: essentially non-oscillatory (ENO), weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO), and energy-stable weighted essentially non-oscillatory (ESWENO) schemes. Examples are presented to display some of the relevant properties of these schemes in solving one-dimensional and two-dimensional linear and nonlinear hyperbolic differential equations with discontinuities.


This paper presents a 10-bit analogue to digital converter (ADC) that will be integrated in a general purpose charge readout ASIC that is the new generation of mixed-mode integrated circuits for Time Projection Chamber (TPC) readout. It is based on a pipelined structure with double sampling and was implemented with switched capacitor circuits in eight 1.5-bit stages followed by a 2-bit stage. The power consumption is adjustable with the conversion rate and varies between 15 and 34mW for a 15 to 40MS/s conversion speed. The ADC occupies a silicon area of 0.7mm 2 in a 0.13μm CMOS process and operates from a single 1.5V supply.


Idioms are an special form of language and various idioms are an important constitute of American English vocabulary.Therefore,taking Friends for example,this paper discusses the basic features of America and American culture reflected by American idioms from the perspectives of language and culture in order to make us have a deep understanding of American English and culture.


This paper introduces a method of Radar terminal software in the radar Opto-Electronic combined system.It design ActiveX controls which encapsule the function of radar terminal software. The ActiveX control can complete all functions of radar display、data process、radar control。This paper introduces in detail how to construct the ActiveX control。The ActiveX control work well in the truly system.


Accurate prediction of exchange rates is critical for devising robust monetary policies. Machine learning methods such as shallow neural networks have higher predictive accuracy than time series models when trained on input features carefully crafted by domain knowledge experts. This suggests that deep neural networks, with their ability to learn abstract features from raw data, may provide improved predictive accuracy with raw exchange rates as inputs. The preponderance of research focuses on developed currency markets. The paucity of research in emerging currency markets, and the crucial role that stable currencies play in such economies, motivates us to investigate the effectiveness of deep networks for exchange rate prediction in emerging markets. Literature suggests that the Efficient Market Hypothesis, which posits that asset prices reflect all relevant information, may not hold in such markets because of extraneous factors such as political instability and governmental interventions. This motivates our hypothesis that inclusion of carefully chosen macroeconomic factors as input features may improve the predictive accuracy of deep networks in emerging currency markets. This position paper proposes novel input features based on currency clusters and presents our method for investigating the hypothesis using exchange rates from developed as well as emerging currency markets.


In an embodiment, a processor may implement an access map-pattern match (AMPM)-based prefetch circuit for a multi-level cache system. The access patterns that are matched to the access maps may include prefetches for different cache levels. Centralizing the generation of prefetches into one prefetch circuit may provide better observability and controllability of prefetching at various levels of the cache hierarchy, in an embodiment. Prefetches at different levels may be controlled individually based on the accuracy of those prefetches, in an embodiment. Additionally, in an embodiment, access patterns that are longer that a given threshold may have the granularity of the prefetches change so that more data is prefetched and the prefetches occur farther in advance, in some embodiments.


This article presents a number of strategies for managing foreign exchange transaction exposure of international trades such as operational techniques and financial contract strategies and shows how firms should apply them. It also evaluates each of these strategies. Furthermore, it shows that firms should protect themselves against the foreign exchange transaction exposure of international trades by hedging when the financial market is imperfect or when the volatility of foreign exchange rate is large. If hedging, the best financial instrument is option collar or option contract, forward contract is the second best choice for international trade firms.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this article is to provide a survey of new orthopedic products for use in the upper extremity.

CONCLUSION
Knowledge of the physiologic purpose, orthopedic trends, imaging findings, and complications is important in assessing new orthopedic devices.


Objective To observe the effects plasm radiofrequency at low temperature and microwave for treatment in patients with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis.Methods 54 patients underwent low-temperature plasma radiofrequency(group A),and fourty patients were treated by microwave(group B).MTR and VAS were assessed before treatment,after treatment and 6 months after treatment,and nasal cavity matter were observed at 6 months under endoscope.Results The difference between group A and group B in MTR and VAS before treatment was not statistically significant(P0.05).The difference of MTRs between the pre-and post-treatment in group A was not statistically significant(P0.05).The difference of MTR and VAS between the pre-and post-treatment group B were statistically significant(P0.01).The difference between group A and group B in MTR and VAS at 6 months after treatment were statistically significant(P0.01).After 6 months,the effective rate in group A was 94.4%,the effective rate in group B was 80.0%.The difference of effective rate were statistically significant between two groups(P0.05).Conclusion Low-temperature plasma radiofrequency has obviously effects in patients with chronic hypertrophic rhinitis,and has no obviously effect to nasal mucosa and sustain normal physical function of nose utmostly.


Online store product catalogs arethegateway toa companythrough whichcustomers obtain product information. Effective design ofonline product catalog improves return ofinvestment (ROI)andcompetitive advantage tothebusiness. Thispaperpresents a framework forusability evaluation ofproduct catalogs ofonline store. Wearguethat fromtheuserexperience pointofview,thecritical success factors forhighly usable e-catalogs arenotsowellunderstood. Our framework consists oftheusability factors suchas simplicity, attractiveness, effectiveness, product image, site information, interactivity, navigation, categorization andproduct details. Theresults indicate thatthese factors arefoundtohavenoticeable impact onthe appearance oftheonline product catalog effectiveness. Wedeveloped anevaluation modelandapplied itinour testing. Wefoundthatwhile there arelarge potential benefits ofthis framework, there arealsocrucial issues thatneedtobeaddressed. Theissue issuchasthe suitability oftheframework ondifferent product type. Webelieve themodel proposed inthis papersatisfies the requirements andchallenges related toassessment of online store catalogs effectiveness.


"In survey research many decisions are made in order to design an instrument for data collection. These choices have to do with the formulation of the question, the response categories, the instruction, the sample, the mode of data collection, etc. Each of these choices can lead to different errors (Sudman and Bradburn, 1974; Belson, 1981; Schuman and Presser, 1981; Dijkstra and Van der Zouwen, 1982; Andrews, 1984; Molenaar, 1986; Billiet et al., 1986; Groves, 1989; Alwin and Krosnick, 1991, and Scherpenzeel and Saris, 1997) and consequently to incomparability of results with respect to estimates of correlations and effect parameters across studies and also across countries. It is common knowledge that cross-cultural comparison can only be made if the measurement procedures are completely the same. In this study, we want to argue that this requirement is not enough. We will show that the results can also differ if the same procedures have been used because of differences in measurement errors in the different countries. We therefore propose a procedure to correct for measurement error, in order to make comparisons across countries with respect to correlations and regression coefficients. To correct for measurement error, we have chosen an approach that can be used by every researcher involved in social science research. This in particular is why we advocate this approach, even though, from a methodological point of view, more suitable approaches are available. We avoid using these methods because one purpose of this project is that we want to demonstrate a procedure for the correction of measurement error which can be used in any study, once prior methodological research is done. We begin with a discussion of the problems connected with measurement error in comparative survey research and then we describe the solution we have chosen for these problems. All examples given are based on the satisfaction studies done in the context of a methodological, comparative research project involving 13 language areas." (author's abstract)


In the case of subjects without access to computer rooms, the blended-learning supports lectures and exercises, eg through interactive lessons. The article describes some aspects of blended-learning in the implementation of the course Electrical Safety lab. Although the laboratory consists of physical models good application of blended learning have been found.


AIM To study the effect of anisodamine (Ani) on auto oxidative action of erythrocyte. METHODS Different concentrations of Ani were added to erythrocytes suspension, and suspension was incubated at 37℃ for 24 h in vitro , then erythrocyte hemolysis degree, erythrocyte membrane lipid peroxide (LPO) and erythrocyte membrane microviscosity (EMMV) of suspension were determined with method of colorimetry, thiobarbiturie acid fluorescence, and fluorescence polarization, respectivly. RESULTS Ani could significantly inhibit auto oxidative hemolysis of erythrocytes hemolysis degrees were 0 585±0 028,0 439±0 024 when Ani were 1 0 and 1 5 mmol·L -1 ,respectively, but it was 0 798±0 035 in control group ( P 0 01), LPO of erythrocyte membrane was decreased significantly, it was (0 359±0 017),(0 323±0 019) μmol·g -1 protein,respectively, control group was (0 418±0 015) μmol·g -1 protein ( P 0 01), EMMV was reduced significantly (0 328±0 017) Pa·s and (0 296±0 019) Pa·s, respctively, control group was (0 374±0 014) Pa·s. CONCLUSION Ani can resist membrane lipid peroxidation caused by free radical and protect cell membrane and auto oxidation of erythrocyte.


Conventional shredder drives are operated in fixed- speed mode as the drive motor is directly coupled to the supplying power grid. Due to the discontinuous characteristic of the process, this leads to a severe load fuctuations in the drive train as well as at the grid interface. Investigations show, that the shredding process does not necessarily need a constant speed of the process machine, but allows speed variations in a quite wide range around the nominal operating point. In this paper the performance of the traditional fixed-speed drive configuration is evaluated and compared to an innovative concept, that allows a speed-flexible operation by using a Doubly Fed Induction Machine (DFIM) and, thereby, significantly reduces the strain of the drive train components as well as fluctuations in the drawn electrical power. In contrast to the grid-coupled Motor, the proposed speed-elastic proportional control is not able to adequately dampen torsionally oscillations in the drive train alone, so an additional damping controller is proposed. The performance of the drive concepts is compared based on a operational strength analysis using relevant process data.


Ethnic and racial discrimination in contemporary Japan is a problem of national identity. Japanese national identity, in turn, is the product of a historical process of state formation and re-formation that occurred over the course of several centuries within the context of East Asian geopolitics. Central to Japanese conceptions of national identity is a myth of ethnic homogeneity and cultural, even physiological, uniqueness. This myth links national identity and ethnic issues in contemporary Japan. It protects Japanese society from overt ethnic conflict because it forces minorities, through the organizations that represent them, to choose between ethnic abnegation and the purgatory of institutionalized 'otherness'. My aim in this article is to provide a brief overview of the current situation of Japanese minority groups, with an emphasis on the ideological denudation of non-Japanese identities by the state and society. I shall not devote much attention to the myth of Japanese homogeneity per se, as manifested in the so-called Nihonjinron ('studies of the Japanese people') literature, as other scholars have already done that quite thoroughly.' Rather, the article will provide a framework in which both the tenacity of the myth of Japanese homogeneity and the persistence of ethnic and racial discrimination can better be understood. Japanese homogeneity has never been static. As the ethnic boundaries of Japan expand and contract, the qualities that constitute 'Japanese homogeneity' change. A recent move to reinterpret the indigenous Ainu culture of Hokkaido as the essence of Japaneseness illustrates this point clearly, as we shall see below. But because the shifting content of Japanese culture is constantly reformulated as timeless ethnic and cultural essence, the myth of Japanese homogeneity has remained impervious to subversion from within.


The results of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling obtained by using FLUENT software with respect to the air entrainment at spillway aerators are compared with data from a physical model study, as well as the results of some empirical equations and prototype observations presented by other investigators. The air-entrainment rates obtained from the CFD analyses are in reasonable agreement with the prototype data and the values calculated from empirical equations, and are better than the physical model data, which include considerable scale effects. The numerical verification procedure in this study is based on the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) editorial policy statement, which provides a framework for CFD uncertainty analysis. Thus, validation of the CFD is discussed within the scope of this study.


The process of product innovation of an enterprise is always accompanied by various risks.In activities of high-risk product innovation,the ability to diagnose and manage risks is crucial to the enterprise.Based on the above,the risk influence factors during innovation are reviewed and the origin,structure and application effects evaluation of the risk diagnosing methodology(RDM) are introduced.It is considered that the methodology is able to identify and evaluate the technological,organizational and managerial risks encountered in the course of product innovation and it may perform effective management of such risks.Furthermore,through the case of the Unilever Company,the main features and possibility to transplant RDM are interpreted and the experiences and lessons in the process of applying the RDM in the Unilever Company are also analyzed.


Objective
to evaluate the relation between stress and optimism of elderlies who are informal caregivers for elderlies and live with children.

Method
cross-sectional study on 50 elderlies who provide care to elderlies, live with children, and are registered in the primary health care. The interviews occurred in the participant's residence and we evaluated characteristics of the care-dependent elderly and of the children, sociodemographic characteristics, stress through the Perceived Stress Scale and optimism through the Pinto and Pais-Ribeiro Spirituality Scale, in the elderly caregiver. For statistical analysis we used the Spearman correlation test.

Results
the mean level of stress was 23.9 points and of optimism was 3.3 points. Correlation analysis showed that the higher the level of optimism the significantly lower the level of perceived stress of elderlies who provided care to elderlies and lived with children.

Conclusion
inversely proportional correlation was identified between stress and optimism.


In this paper we analyze the scientific workflow matchmaking problem in Grid environments and combine workflow mapping and scheduling. Based on the characteristics of Grids, a new resource model is proposed. Motivated by the observations that not all jobs can run on all resources and that resource-critical jobs should be considered with their ancestor and descendant jobs when mapping, a novel resource-critical algorithm is designed based on a new Grid resource model. By means of experiments, it is shown to have good performance.


The feature of VRML is introduced in this paper and the method and principle of creating static and dynastic virtual model using CAD software and VRML is researched.The key technology of realizing movement simulation of elasticity gliding and skidding is emphasized,on the basis,the operational process of the PDJ-4 belt machinery trial mechanism.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of splenectomy on cellular immunity. We studied the cellular phenotype and type-1 (IFN-γ, IL-2) and type-2 (IL-4, IL-10)-cytokine-producing peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, in 22 healthy adults who had undergone post-traumatic splenectomy 1 to 35 years ago. We also included in the study 6 adults with a history of conservative management of rupture of the spleen from blunt abdominal trauma. Splenectomy resulted in a long-term reduction of the percentage of CD4+CD45RA+ cells and a late increase of the percentage and absolute numbers of TCRγ/δ cells. Stimulation with staphylococcal enterotoxin-B resulted in normal IL-2 production by CD4+ T-cells, indicating that the naive cells were not anergic. Splenectomy also resulted in long-term priming of both CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells. During the first 8 years, both type-1 and type-2 CD4+ T-cells were primed to varying degrees; about 8 years later, the percentage of primed type-2 CD4+ T-cells subsided but that of type-1 CD4+ T-cells although decreased, remained detectable over a longer period. Priming of CD8+ T-cells persisted throughout the study period. The long-term priming of type-1 CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, which may result in partial impairment of T-cell functions, may explain reported defects of immune responses to recall antigens in splenectomized individuals. In addition, changes in the profile of primed CD4+ T-cells with time, may be clinically relevant to relapses in autoimmune thrombocytopenia after splenectomy. The increase of TCRγ/δ and CD20+CD5+ (B1a) cells, which provide an immediate protective response to pathogenic invasion, may serve to compensate for the loss of spleen, an organ essential for the immediate immune responses to T independent antigens. However, this increase is not sufficient to eliminate the risk of OPSI that may appear many years after splenectomy. Similarly, the persistent increase of NK and the increase in vivo priming CD8+ 97cytotoxic cells, may compensate to a certain extent for the loss of the phagocytic capacity of the spleen.


A Research Project Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master's Degree in Executive Master of Business Administration (EMBA)


The patriotic fervor and struggles to legitimize the movement that underpinned the April 27 demonstration at Hu's funeral were once again set in motion in the middle of May, culminating in a seven-day hunger strike involving three thousand people on Tiananmen Square. After commencing this "sacrifice of the living," there were no longer any doubts about the students' patriotism, innocence, or purity of motive. The spiritual symbol of the movement was the "Manifesto of the Hunger Strike Group of Beijing University," which was broadcast again and again to bolster the students' morale. The manifesto was coauthored by Chai Ling, a postgraduate student at Beijing Normal University, and the poet Bai Meng, a student of the writers' class at Beijing University.1


Abstract This paper proposes a new speaker localization method that isbased on a preliminary estimation of the head orientation. The ba-sic information on which the estimation is accomplished is calledOriented Global Coherence Field (OGCF).The new algorithm is shown to be significantly more robustthan the traditional ones so far explored. Its robustness is also dueto an effective speech activity detection, implicitly performed bya thresholding technique applied to OGCF information. To showthe performance of the proposed system, experiments were con-ducted on the NIST RT-05 Spring Evaluation source localizationtask, which is based on real recordings of lectures in noisy andreverberant environments. Index Terms : speaker localization, head orientation, microphonearrays, global coherence field. 1. Introduction Since 1990, several Speaker LOCalization (SLOC) techniqueshave been proposed as reported in [1, 2]. Most of the traditionalSLOC techniques are based on the estimation of time differencesof wavefront arrival at each sensor and on a consequent applica-tion of geometrical information to infer the acoustic source posi-tions. One of the most common techniques for Time Delay Es-timation (TDE) is based on Generalized Cross-Correlation PhaseTransform (GCC-PHAT) [3, 4]. Other effective SLOC techniquesare based on a preliminary computation of an acoustic map, asfor instance the Global Coherence Field (GCF) [5] representation,fromwhichthemostlikelysourcepositionisderivedthroughmax-imization in space.This paper aims at describing a new SLOC method that wasconceived starting from the effectiveness of the Oriented GlobalCoherence Field(OGCF), introduced in [6], which allows to char-acterize the orientation of an active speaker's head with a satis-factory accuracy (in terms of angle error) even under reverberantconditions. By exploiting OGCF information, one can also derivemore robust speaker position estimates, since they are mostly re-lated to the propagation of a direct wavefront from a given point.On the other hand, previous SLOC techniques did not deal withthe way the sound is being radiated from a hypothesized positionin space.Theproposed method requires touseadistributed microphonenetwork similar to those available in the laboratories involved inthe EC CHIL


Due to the decoupling of the rotor speed and the system frequency, the Double-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) cannot participate in the primary frequency regulation of the system, which reduces the stability of the wind turbine system with a high proportion. In the traditional integrated control, the fixed coefficient is usually used, which cannot change the parameters in real time according to the change of wind speed and system frequency to participate in the system frequency modulation. Therefore, in order to improve the ability of the wind turbine to respond to the frequency of the system, this paper proposes a wind turbine primary frequency modulation strategy based on adaptive control. By combining the adaptive load reduction control with the adaptive virtual inertia integrated control, the load reduction ratio, the virtual inertia coefficient and the droop coefficient can be adjusted adaptively with the actual wind condition and the system frequency deviation. The simulation results show that the adaptive control strategy can improve the ability of the wind turbine to participate in the primary frequency modulation of the system, so as to improve the safety and reliability of the system.


After an orgy of anniversaries in 1998 and with the prospect of the mother of all anniversaries causing civilisation to grind to a halt in 2000, the BMJ is declaring 1999 an (almost) anniversary free year (because of popular demand Christmas will be retained). Please do not contact us about the anniversary of your favourite institution, invention, or person, and we won't call you.

This year we have celebrated 50 years of …


The purpose of the present study is to assess how children's aggression (relational and overt) and popularity affect the qualities of children's friendsh ips. In addition, the present study explores the interaction effects of aggression and sociometric status on children's friendsh ips. 136 fourth and fifth grade children completed several measures which included a sociometric measure, the aggression portion of the Pupil Evaluation Inventory with measures of relational aggression inserted (Pekarik, Prinz, Libert , Weintraub, & Neil, 1976), and the Friendship Quality Questionnaire (Parker & Asher, 1993). It is hypothesized that the positive features of children's friendships, such as intimate exchange, will correlate with sociometr ic status. In contrast, it is expected that the negative features of children's relationships, such as conflict and betrayal, will correlated with levels of aggression.


The means by which assemblages of closely related species form and persist have become a primary focus in evolution and ecology. Comparative studies of island and mainland assemblages may provide novel insight into assemblage evolution. The isolation and relative simplicity of islands may foster distinct evolutionary rates and endpoints relative to mainland areas. Adaptive radiations on islands are expected to result in assemblages that include close phylogenetic relatives but are phenotypically diverse, whereas predatorand competitor-rich mainland environments may produce phenotypically uniform assemblages. Here we use a nearly complete phylogeny and morphological data for 336 species of Anolis lizards to test for differences in phenotypic and phylogenetic structure in 91 mainland versus 76 island assemblages. We present three main conclusions: (1) both mainland and island assemblages comprise close relatives that are phenotypically similar; (2) mainland assemblages tend to be more clustered than island assemblages according to both phylogenetic and phenotypic measures; and (3) differences in degree of phenotypic clustering between mainland and island assemblages are not explained by differences in phylogenetic clustering alone. We interpret these results in terms of biogeography and differences between mainland and island environments.


Co doped amorphous nickel hydroxide powder is prepared by the method of micro-emulsion.The phase structure of the sample is analyzed.Charge and discharge performances,cyclic volt-ampere characteristics of the adulterated electrodes are tested.The effect and corresponding mechanism of the charge and discharge performances of some factors are studied.Cyclic voltammeter characteristics of the adulterated electrodes are tested.The results show that the structure of the sample stability and reversibility are satisfactory.The discharge specific capacity can reach 317.75 mAh/g when charged at 100 mA/g for 4 h and discharged at 50 mA/g to 1.0 V,with smooth discharge voltage at 1.240 V showing a high electrochemical activity.


In this study, the seasonal variation in concentrations of the trace metals Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, As Ni and Co in soil and vegetable samples from farms in some mining areas in Jos South and Barkin Ladi LGA, Plateau State were investigated in two major seasons (dry and wet). This was done to assess the pollution status of the farms and hence, the safety levels of the vegetable samples. The samples were treated and digested using 10 cm3 HNO3 and 30 cm3 HCl in the ratio of 1:3. Trace metal concentrations were determined using the PG-990 model atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Analytical results of soil samples from mining areas indicated higher concentration of Cu and As for both seasons than the values reported by the FAO/WHO (2007). Similarly, the metals Cu (15.12±1.50 mg/kg), Zn (76.45±2.40 mg/kg), Pb (23.75±1.35 mg/kg), Cd (3.69±0.15 mg/kg), Ni (17.80 ±0.15 mg/kg) and Co (28.14+1.35 mg/kg) showed high concentrations in dry season than wet season. Comparing the vegetable samples, spinach was found to accumulate high concentration of trace metals than tomato and Irish potato. In general, the levels of trace metals in soil and vegetable samples were higher in dry season than in wet season. The levels of Pb, Cd, As, Ni and Co were significantly above the critical toxic level in vegetables as reported by WHO/FAO (2007), while Zn and Cu occurred within the acceptable limit for both seasons.


Among the default risks, systemic risk is of the biggest concern over the safety and efficiency of the payment and settlement system. When homogeneous financial institutions are linked with each other through the credit chain, a gridlock takes place as equilibrium in the payment and settlement system. A heterogeneous participant in the system could, however, have incentive to fulfill the obligation when otherwise homogenous participants strategically default. That is, fulfillment of obligation turns out to be a Nash equilibrium strategy for the heterogeneous participant whose level of investment return differs from those of remaining participants. The larger the benefit is, the stronger incentive a financial institution has to keep the system working properly. The current paper sheds new light on the effect of heterogeneous financial institutions on the robustness of payment and settlement system under the general equilibrium setup.


In this paper we discuss the functioning of the foreign exchange rate system. We start by giving a historical account of the different exchange rate systems around the world. Next, we discuss the determinants of a currency's value according to the main theories of exchange rate determination. Subsequently, we discuss the difference between the nominal and real exchange rate. Finally, the paper ends with summary and conclusions and with a list of additional readings on the topic.


Assessing metabolomic alterations in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) can provide insight on its pathogenesis. We compared the metabolomic profiles of the aqueous humor between wet AMD patients (n=26) and age- and sex-matched patients undergoing cataract surgery without AMD as controls (n=20). A global untargeted metabolomics study was performed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry. Univariate analysis after the false discovery correction showed 18 significantly altered metabolites among the 291 metabolites measured. These differential metabolomic profiles pointed to 3 interconnected metabolic pathways: a compromised carnitine-associated mitochondrial oxidation pathway (carnitine, deoxycarnitine, N6-trimethyl-L-lysine), an altered carbohydrate metabolism pathway (cis-aconitic acid, itaconatic acid, and mesaconic acid) which plays a role in senescence and immunity, and an activated osmoprotection pathway (glycine betaine, creatine), which potentially contributes to the pathogenesis of the disease. These results suggested that metabolic dysfunction in AMD is mitochondrial-centered, and may provide new insight on the pathophysiology of wet AMD and novel therapeutic strategies.


In this paper the thermochemical and photochemical reactions of some 1,3-dipolar nitrone systems and related regioselectivities are futher studied. The substituent effects on the reactivities of cyclization and the regioselectivities of reaction have been investigated quantitatively by chromatographic methods. On irridition by Hg-lamp UV of λ≥302 nm nitrones 1 form oxaziridine compounds 4, and the latter arrange futher into amide type compounds under the λ≥270 nm, while on heating 4 reverse to cycloaddition products 2 and 3 through intramolecular cycloaddition reaction. The experimental results also indicate that the relationship between melting points and configurations of cinnaldoximes published in the literature is not correct. The EE type (syn form) should have a lower melting point, while the m. p. of the EZ type (anti form) should be higher.


Investigation of dynamic behavior of frozen soil is of great importance to artificial ground freezing method in underground engineering,etc.In this article,split Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)was employed to investigate the dynamic behavior of artificial frozen soil under uni-axial stress condition.Tests were conducted at the temperature of-3,-8,-13,- 7,-23and-28℃ and strain rates from 300to 1200s-1.The stress-strain curves at different conditions were obtained.Result showed that:(1)the uni-axial stress-strain curves of frozen soil show brittle character;(2)the compressive strength of frozen soil shows positive strain-rate and negative temperature sensitivity,and the final strain of frozen soil shows positive strain-rate sensitivity over the range of strain rates and temperature considered;(3)the thermal effect of frozen soil is greater at higher loading strain rates,and the strain rates sensitivity of frozen soil is higher at lower temperature.The viscoelastic damage model mentioned in this article can describe the stress strain relation of frozen soil under dynamic loading.


The social progress follows has to be understood as one of the forms of the society development, directed on transition to higher level of material production and welfare of the people, promoting successful operation and development of human personality. The consideration of relations of a personality and society in the condition of accelerated research progress and globalization of the economy is an important scientific problem.


Author(s): Cheng, Hung-Chieh | Advisor(s): Huang, Yu | Abstract: Graphene, since its discovery in 2004, has stimulated considerable interest in two- dimensional layered materials research (2DLMs). Various applications have been investigated with the ever-expanding family of 2D materials, ranging from electronic, optoelectronic, sensing, energy storage and catalytic applications, etc. With weak van der Waals forces between layers, generally, 2DLMs can be exfoliated into atomically thin sheets and reassembled in a designed sequence for building artificial heterostructures, namely, van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs). Except for the most common 2D material — graphene, the building blocks for vdWHs also include semiconductors, insulators and even metallic materials. Such versatility has rendered vdWHs become a promising platform for high performance electronic and optoelectronic devices. Researchers have shown that the devices based vertically stacked vdWHs could be the candidates for transistors (barristors), photodetectors, light-emitting diodes and flexible electronics, etc. Particularly, the unique electronic properties of graphene have been playing very important roles in these vertically stacked vdWH devices. In addition to the transparency and extraordinary electrical conductivity of graphene, the work function of graphene can be modulated by varying the gate electric field, enabling a tunable electrical contact with other materials. With the experience we have built up with 2D materials, we further explored the possibilities of integrating a new category of materials – organic- inorganic hybrid perovskites. The hybrid perovskites are the newly emerging materials for high performance optoelectronic applications, which are mostly investigated for solar cell applications. The perovskite based solar cells have shown an astonishing improvement in power conversion efficiency from 3.8 to 22.1% in just few years. Such prominent performance has attracted tremendous research interests from different perspectives. However, these perovskite materials are generally not compatible with conventional nanodevice fabrication due to their considerable solubility in polar organic solvent and water. Despite such fabrication difficulties, we have proposed several approaches to fabricate electronic and optoelectronic devices based on the integration of perovskites and 2D materials.In this dissertation, I will show how we develop a universal water-free dry transfer method to solve the fabrication problems of perovskites and how we build new types of vdWHs with perovskites and 2D materials. We have realized the first van der Waals heterojunction devices based on perovskites and 2D materials, and achieved a high photo- responsivity (950 A/W) and a very high photoconductive gain (~2200) with graphene/perovskite/graphene vertical structure. Moreover, a unique and prominent gate-tunable photovoltaic effect has been observed in the vertically stacked perovskite/WSe2 heterojunction devices. Finally, we have investigated the doping effect induced by ionic solid and the ion migration in perovskites. A switchable p-n junction formation has been demonstrated on a monolayer WSe2 device by electrical poling, along with a very high external quantum efficiency up to 93% under the excitation of 532 nm laser. I believe that in the near future, such platform can enable more possibilities in both electronic and optoelectronic applications with the expanding 2D materials family and hybrid perovskites with compositional tunability.


Let P ⊂ R be a (0, 1)-polytope of dimension d which contains the origin of R. Suppose that the configuration A arising from P satisfies ZA = Z and that the toric ideal IA of A possesses a squarefree initial ideal with respect to the reverse lexicographic order induced by an ordering of the variables for which the variable corresponding to the origin is the weakest. It is then proved that the equation of each facet of P is of the form ∑ d i=1 aizi = b, where each ai is an integer and where b ∈ {0, 1}.


Submitted for the MAR17 Meeting of The American Physical Society Spin-Orbit Induced Spin Relaxation in Organic Semiconductors1 STEPHEN MCMILLAN, NICHOLAS HARMON, MICHAEL FLATTÉ, Univ of Iowa — Weak spin-orbit coupling suggest long spin relaxation times in organic semiconductors. The correlations between slow carrier transport and these mechanisms of spin relaxation can yield complex behavior, including large magnetic-field effects on spin and charge dynamics. We use a continuous time random walk approach to investigate the effect of spin-orbit coupling on spin relaxation in organic materials with non-interacting carriers that incoherently hop from place to place. The simulation has been adapted from earlier work in this area [1] to emphasize the quantum nature of the relaxation. Transition rates for spin conserving and spin flipping hops are calculated as functions of the randomly assigned spatial orientation of the molecular sites. In a 3D cubic lattice with nearest-neighbor hopping we observe deviations of 10% when compared to published analytic results [2]. The disparity is due to a correlation between spin flipping hops and spin conserving hops. The time that carriers spend at a given site is determined by the sum of the conserving and flipping rates. Correlations between the two types of rates affect the time between two transport events altering the relaxation time.1. N. J. Harmon and M. E. Flatté, PRB 90, 115203 (2014).2. Z.G. Yu, PRB 85, 115201 (2012). 1We acknowledge support from DOE BES through Grant No. DE-SC0014336 Stephen McMillan Univ of Iowa Date submitted: 09 Mar 2017 Electronic form version 1.4


The right to resistance against state power is very often characterized by actions against an existing legal order that is perceived as being unjust and therefore both – illegitimate and illegal. Terrorism, on the other hand, is often defined as politically motivated violence that is prosecuted by state power according to the law and although the terrorist views his actions as being justified by the perceived illegitimacy of state power, the state by itself is not willing to accept such a point of view – henceforth the prosecution. Therefore we can often find situations where both sides claim legitimacy and legality, mutually excluding each other's positions. This situation is only one of many that epitomize and exemplifies the more common problem of paradox in law: any society that aims at harmonizing conflicts through law will find itself in the not so comfortable position that the basic principle of justice – the quest for treating similar things alike – inevitably leads to cases where we have to face a direct conflict of laws. Either one law is just and therefore ought to apply, or the other, but we will not be able to apply both at the same time, since they may turn out conflicting results.


The illumination of nonlinear and dynamic systems, exemplified by the complexity of challenges at the nexus of social and ecological systems (e.g., climate change, water scarcity, and environmental injustice), necessitates a new understanding of leadership. Guided by the revolutionary thinking of complexity theory, this leadership perspective details leadership for sustainability. Leadership for sustainability suggests systems are comprised of dynamic relationships, including social and social–ecological relationships, in which every action, and interaction, creates an opportunity to disrupt the system. It is through system disruption that change emerges, as relationships throughout the system form new patterns of equilibrium. In leadership for sustainability, each individual within the system has the capacity to initiate change and the responsibility to continually adjust interactions in support of system sustainability, defined as ecological viability, social equity, and economic prosperity. This leadership perspective explores the implications of leadership for sustainability during and after the global COVID-19 pandemic, emphasizing how leadership scholarship and practice must change to equip all individuals with the capacity to disrupt systems, collaborate across differences, learn continuously, and build relationships in an effort to collectively advance toward a more ecologically, socially, and economically sustainable future. © 2021 University of Phoenix


Digital calculator experimental system is a cashier numeric keyboard training system developed for business vocational school. This paper concerned the auto-connecting Client/Server modal between teacher Server computer and relay computer in local area network、the communication protocols between relay computer and slave digital calculator, the design of digital calculator and etc.


Based on the comprehensive analysis of the existing risk early warning methods in real estate, a new risk forecast method based on support vector machine is put forward. And a risk early warning model in real estate market based on support vector machine is established. The realization process of the risk early warning method is discussed. Taking the practical data in real estate exploitation as the study sample and testing sample, the feasibility of the model is validated.


OBJECTIVES: To identify the barriers and/or obstacles these women experienced during their career paths as women clinical laboratory scientists who transitioned to higher education administration. To identify how being a woman influenced their careers as higher education administrators. METHODS: A multi-site case study design was selected for this qualitative research involving a purposive sample of eight research participants. Data collection was guided by ten open-ended questions in seven face-to-face and one telephone semi-formal interviews. SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS: The purposive sample included women clinical laboratory scientists who held a current higher education administrative position at the dean's level, including associate and assistant dean positions, in a university setting. The participants were located in eight higher education institutions in Nebraska, Illinois, Ohio, Tennessee, Missouri, and Texas. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: The price women pay, gender considerations, a need for balance, existence/absence of the glass ceiling for women in higher education administration. RESULTS: Making personal sacrifices, struggling with gender stereotypes, being a woman, knowing you are okay, and possessing the ability to separate the personal from the professional were identified by this group of women as challenging experiences as they obtained and maintained a position as a higher education administrator. Additionally, they described the need for balance, a support system, and how they successfully managed their marriage, family, and career. The participants presented conflicting statements concerning the existence of the glass ceiling for women in higher education administration. CONCLUSION: The participants in this study obtained positions in higher education administration but they indicated they have paid a price. Each of the participants indicated their obstacles included making a personal sacrifice, being treated differently because they were women, and needing to find a balance in their responsibilities related to their careers, marriages, and families. The majority of the participants believe there is a slight increase in the number of opportunities for women in higher education administration.


Pakistan and Afghanistan share the longest border in the northwest with each other. Afghanistan is the most influential factor for Pakistani policymakers in terms of foreign policy. Relations of both the countries have not been cordial since the inception of Pakistan.
Internal circumstances affected Pakistan in one way or another during the Cold War era and the invasion of the USSR. Between different powers, this country became a focus regarding of interest after 9/11. The western border has become very uncertain due to Indian's involvement. With relation to Afghanistan, Pakistan has always been a victim of instability. Pakistan's internal peace has greatly disrupted by the movement across the border. By smuggling weapons, drugs and terrorists anti-state actors have always used this border to destabilize the country. Being already weakened country, Pakistan overwhelmed by migration of a large number of Afghan citizens.
To assess the effects of the instability in Afghanistan on Pakistan, numerous attempts are being made. In addition, this study will aim at the classification of the features and political objectives of the players concerned in the conflict on violence in Afghanistan. It will analyze the evolution of the peace course in Afghanistan as well as its significance for regional solidity.


A robust P-type iterative-learning-control(ILC) system is proposed for the linear systems with time-varying periodic uncertainties based on linear matrix inequality(LMI).A continuous-discrete two-dimensional(2D) model is built that can describe the process of the ILC system accurately.A sufficient condition of robust stability is presented in the form of an LMI and used to design the parameters of the controller.Finally,a numerical example verifies the correctness of the proposed method.


Marxist ecology is a new thought about the relationship between human society and nature. Ecological socialism is the theoretical result of Western Marxist ecology. Its outstanding feature is that it establishes a theoretical system based on Marx's historical materialism. By analyzing the social roots of contemporary ecological crisis, we are committed to combining other theories of western green politics, combined with the objective conditions of today's social development, and put forward the idea of establishing environmental moral values and reforming social structure. Starting from the analysis of historical materialism as an ecological world view, this paper discusses the multiple dimensions of historical materialism reconstruction, and then proposes the enlightenment of Marxist ecology on the ecological reconstruction of historical materialism.


Congratulations to all those who have received awards this afternoon. At the risk of being invidious, I'd like specially to acclaim Professor C. N. R. Rao, who has travelled from Bangalore to be here today. His Royal Medal recognizes more than 50 years of distinguished research. But, over and above that, he's been a crucial catalyst for scientific excellence in India through his unflagging commitment and leadership—and an inspiration throughout the developing world. And it's appropriate also to congratulate our three Fellows who gained Nobel prizes this year—Elizabeth Blackburn, Charles Kao and Venki Ramakrishnan—and the many who have won other major international awards. This afternoon I want to comment first on some global issues. I'll then focus in to the here and now. Events in the past year have highlighted the interconnectedness and vulnerability of today's world. The fall-out from the banking fiasco was worldwide. And there have been rising concerns about infectious diseases: thankfully, no catastrophic pandemic has yet hit us, but it's clear that in this context, as in finance, preventative measures require global monitoring and cooperation. There has also been stronger focus on crises that are less immediate but deeply disquieting: the pressures on energy and resources caused by a larger and more empowered population. This is the first century when one species— ours—risks irreversibly degrading the entire planet's environment. To reduce such risks we shall more than ever need the fruits of science: vaccines against pandemics, better food supplies, 'clean' energy, more robust networks, and equitable policies to preserve ecosystems and climate. All these are rightly high on the agenda of any scientific academy, and they've featured strongly in our activities this year.


Maeda and Heki. (2014) succeeded in capturing sporadic-E (Es) over Japan two-dimensionally, using the observation of Global Positioning System‒ Total Electron Content (GPS-TEC). While the GPS is originally used for the crustal deformation monitoring, Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is another space geodetic technique that allows us to detect crustal movements. SAR transmits a microwave pulse and receives the reflected pulse while a target on the ground is in the beam by using an antenna on the platform like aircrafts and satellites, so that it can implement virtually a large aperture antenna and can create high-resolution images. InSAR can detect crustal deformation signals between the two acquisition dates as a twodimensional image by taking the difference of the phase data of the SAR images. Like GPS carrier phases, ionospheric effect sometimes appears on the InSAR images. The lower the used microwave frequency, the more notably the ionospheric effect appears. Hence, a satellite using L-band microwave like Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS) is advantageous to detect ionospheric phenomena. If Es can be detected by InSAR whose spatial resolution is higher than GPS, we can understand its spatial structure in more detail and help to clarify the generation mechanism of the Es. In this study, we aimed to detect Es over Japan by InSAR. First, we chose the dates whose critical frequencies of Es (foEs) were more than 15MHz at ionosonde in Wakkanai, Kokubunji and Yamagawa in the morning in 2006 through 2010 from May to August. Second, we chose the data of ALOS/PALSAR whose observing areas and dates are as close as possible, and generated interferometric images. An interesting phase shift appeared on one of the images, the pair of March 28, 2009 (Master) and Jun 28, 2009 (Slave), and it had northeast direction slope. Although the entire shape could not be imaged due to the sea surface, we could observe four patches; the spatial scale of each patch is about 20km. Converting this phase shift into TEC variation ( 4TEC), it turns out that 4TEC=0.44TECU, which is close to when Es appears. However, we could not identify the altitude in the InSAR image, and thus we used GPS-TEC. As a result, a similar signal was detected near the place where the phase shift appeared on the InSAR image. We could identify the altitude of the signals to be 100km. Therefore, it turns out that the phase shift on the InSAR image is caused by mid-latitude Es.


Varying rotor speed during operation is a potential way to improve rotorcraft performance. The transient aeroelastic response of a stiff in-plane rotor system undergoing variable speed operation in forward flight is considered. During crossing of the fundamental lag mode near 2/rev, high transient lag bending moments are observed. The flapping amplitude and duration of the resonance crossing event have a strong influence on the peak lagwise root bending moment. Embedded chordwise fluidlastic dampers are explored as a way to reduce the peak bending moments. Determination of the fluidlastic damper properties is based on the analysis of a two degree-of-freedom blade-damper system. Parametric studies show that tuning port area ratios, loss factors, and device mass can be modified to enhance damper performance, and control the stroke. Results indicate that more than 6% critical lag damping can be provided around the resonance rotor speed, and that approximately 65% peak-to-peak moment reduction can be achieved...


Hypothesis / aims of study Maximum bladder capacity (MBC) serves as a useful clinical parameter in the management of women with overactive bladder (OAB). In clinical practice of the patients with idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO), sometimes, estimated MBC might show a large difference according to various measurement tools. We aimed to identify the reproducibility of MBC measured with frequency volume chart (FVC), uroflowmetry (UFM) and urodynamics (UDS) in women with IDO.


in this paper, a kind of high-speed multi-function chip is packaged. Different from the general chip, the chip includes multiple high-speed parts and extremely high-density pins. Based on the package of the chip, a multi-dimension codesign method is proposed, which includes chip-package-PCB co-design and electrical/thermal co-design of the package. Ultimately, the packaged chip is tested and it could normally read and write data from the registers at the 25°C ambient temperature, which indicates that the multi-dimension package co-design is feasible for the chip.


A patient with the syndrome of feminizing testes was studied before and after castration. Urinary and plasma steroid determinations indicated that the testes produced substantial amounts of both testosterone and estrogen. Estradiol-17β was approximately 10 times higher in testicular venous blood than in peripheral blood. Incubation of testis slices with progesterone-4-14C resulted in a 0.051% conversion to estradiol-17β; radioactive 17-hydroxy progesterone, 3 androstenedione and testosterone were also isolated by the carrier dilution technique. Incubation of testis slices with testosterone-4-14C resulted in a 0.23% conversion to estradiol-17β. Following intravenous administration of testosterone-4-14C most of the radioactivity was excreted in the urine as androsterone and etiocholanolone. There was no detectable peripheral conversion of labeled testosterone to estrogen. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that this syndrome results from lack of a target organ response to androgen.


Planetary health faces an emergency associated with global change. Climate change, the increase in world population and urban concentration, the hyperintensification of productive systems, and the associated changes in land use, among other factors, are generating a risky substrate for global health deterioration. The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is an example of the problems that this situation can provoke. Several researchers and health professionals have addressed the role of microorganisms, particularly bacteria, in promoting global health, mainly in the past decades. However, global change has contributed to the extinction of a wide array of bacterial species and the disruption of microbial communities that support the homeostasis of humans, animals, and the environment. The need to protect the diversity and richness of native microbiomes in biotic and abiotic environments is crucial but has been frequently underestimated. The "One Health" approach, based on integrating traditionally unconnected fields such as human, animal, and environmental health, could provide a helpful framework to face this challenge. Anyway, drastic political decisions will be needed to tackle this global health crisis, in which the preservation of native microbial resources plays a critical role, even in preventing the risk of a new pandemic. This review aims to explain the importance of native microbiomes in biotic and abiotic ecosystems and the need to consider bacterial extinction as a crucial problem that could be addressed under a One Health approach.


The invention discloses a multiple conductor cable core insulated and shielded cable for aviation. The cable is composed of copper conductor cable cores, a tinned copper belt shielding layer, a butyronitrile insulating layer, a silicone rubber insulating layer, a nickel belt shielding layer and a chloroprene rubber sheath layer. The ten sets of copper conductors are arranged and wrapped by the tinned copper belt shielding layer, the tinned copper belt shielding layer is wrapped by the butyronitrile insulating layer, the butyronitrile insulating layer is wrapped by the silicone rubber insulating layer, and the silicone rubber insulating layer is wrapped by the nickel belt shielding layer. The cable has the advantages of being low in installing and laying temperature, long in service life, resistant to high temperature, good in insulativity, flexible and excellent in electric stability under the high temperature environment and conductivity.


Assist. Prof. Dr. Betiil Parlak: Translation Training in Turkey:Problems and Expectations. The departure point of this proposal is a meeting which was held on 12-13th July at Istanbul University under the title of "Conditions of Education and the Possibilities of Development in the Departments of Translation and Interpretation in Turkey". This study comments on the training strategy, aims and contents of The Department of Translation and Interpretation which is about to establish at Mugla University, by informing about lecturers' opinions in terms of translation training, relation between theory and practise, and expectations of students and institutions.


Diabetes mellitus is a clinical syndrome that the main feature is a lack of insulin in absolute or relative,and insulin as the only lowering blood sugar hormone is secreted by the pancreas beta cell in vivo.Pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1(PDX-1)has an important role in the early development of the pancreas and advanced differentiation,beta cell functioning maintenance,and insulin secretion.In addition,PDX-1 can induce non-islet cells such as liver cells,myoblasts to become insulin-producing cells,so PDX-1 has an important role in the treatment areas of diabetes mellitus.


GROWER PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE USE FLOUR COFFEE PULP AS SUBSTITUTION MATERIALS TO A PARTS OF FINE BRAN ON FEED. Various feed ingredients or waste that have not been utilized for example the skin of coffee fruit can be an alternative feed ingredient source of crude fiber see its content in the skin of the fruit coffee is 33.60%. North Sulawesi, especially Bolaang Mogondow, which is a center of coffee plantation, has a plantation area of 4,097.7 ha, with coffee production reaching 2,135.46 tons of raw material which has not been separated between coffee fruit with its leaves and stems. After the separated coffee fruit obtained as much as 1,288.22 tons per year. Coffee fruit is processed to separate between the seeds and skin after separated obtained by the skin of coffee fruit as much as 448,449 tons. The appearance of production by looking at weight gain, the amount of consumption and the efficiency of feed use is part of the requirement to see the production capability of pigs. The study was conducted for 66 days consisting of 52 days of data collection period and 2 weeks preliminary collecting data aims to determine the effect of coffee skin use as a substitute of some fine bran on the production performance of the grower pigs to the finisher. The study used 16 male and female pigs grower period aged 12-16 weeks descent kinds Yorkshire and Landrace. Randomized block design with four levels of treatment that is 0, 25%, 50%, 75% coffee pulp as a partial replacement of fine bran in 4 groups. Differences in body weight is a replication of the study. The result of analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the powder of coffee husk as substitute of bran to the weight gain gave real effect (P 0.05) Feed gave a real effect. The result is the use of coffee leaf powder as a substitute of some fine bran in grower pigs until finisher can provide good growth and efficient use of good feed. Keywords: Phase grower, finisher, flour coffee skin


ABSTRACT This short piece concludes this edition of Points and Practices by bringing together the contributions and offering some provocations for how they help to conceptualise the relationship between applied theatre and global sustainable development.


This study aims to examine and analyze the influence of leadership style and communication on work performance in PT Bintang Rezeki Maju Medan. The existence of a phenomenon of leaders who are less open to innovative ideas and less active in welcoming opportunities, communication processes that take place in the form of one direction, and a decrease in employee performance can be seen from not achieving sales targets behind this research. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling with a total sample of 110 employees. The method used is a quantitative approach with a type of quantitative descriptive research and the nature of research is descriptive explanatory. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression. The results of the research with a significant level of 0.05 indicate that partially the leadership style has a positive and significant effect on work performance where Tcount 3.036> Ttable 1.98238, and communication has a positive and significant effect on work performance where Tcount8,072 > Ttabel 1,98238.  In addition leadership and communication styles have a positive and significant effect on work performance simultaneously, with the results of Fcount 45.570> Ftable 3.08.


ABSTRACT Spectroscopy and flow methodologies are an interesting and fruitful marriage in the field of Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC). Automation, immobilization of analyte, reagent(s), reaction product, or catalyst on active solid surfaces and miniaturization are highlighted as alternatives for waste decrease. Flow-Through Solid-Phase Spectroscopy (FSPS) can be envisaged as a variant of the use of immobilized reagents. It is implemented by placing the solid support inside the flow cell in order to perform the analyte (or its reaction product) retention and detection simultaneously. FSPS is an interesting spectroscopy approach that offers simple and rapid procedures that fulfil satisfactorily the requirements demanded by GAC. This article is focused on the contribution of FSPS methodologies to the GAC concept. The different strategies and types of FSPS developed will be presented and discussed in detail under the Green Spectroscopy point of view.


Coherence arises from the superposition principle, where it plays a central role in quantum mechanics. In Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 210401 (2015), it has been shown that the freezing phenomenon of quantum correlations beyond entanglement is intimately related to the freezing of quantum coherence (QC). In this paper, we compare the behavior of entanglement and quantum discord with quantum coherence in two different subsystems (optical and mechanical). We use respectively the entanglement of formation (EoF) and the Gaussian quantum discord (GQD) to quantify entanglement and quantum discord. Under thermal noise and optomechanical coupling effects, we show that EoF, GQD and QC behave in the same way. Remarkably, when entanglement vanishes, GQD and QC remain almost unaffected by thermal noise, keeping nonzero values even for high-temperature, which is in concordance with Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 210401 (2015). Also, we find that the coherence associated with the optical subsystem is more robust — against thermal noise — than those of the mechanical subsystem. Our results confirm that optomechanical cavities constitute a powerful resource of QC.


The large instantaneous luminosity delivered by LHC to the CMS experiment in Run 2 is an important opportunity for the study of rare B-hadron decays, like B(s) → μμ and B 0 → K∗0μμ. The main drawback of this luminosity increase is that the trigger selections need to be tighter, in order to fit the rate of recorded events in the limits imposed by the available computer resources. This constraint imposes a challenge in the development of new trigger tools and algorithms, optimized to keep high acceptance on signal events while reducing the rate of collected background events, both at Level-1 Trigger (L1T) and at High-Level Trigger (HLT). Presented at BEAUTY2018 17th International Conference on B-Physics at Frontier Machines Trigger techniques for B-Physics at CMS Alessio Boletti∗, on behalf of the CMS Collaboration Universita' degli studi di Padova & INFN E-mail: email@example.com The large instantaneous luminosity delivered by LHC to the CMS experiment in Run 2 is an important opportunity for the study of rare B-hadron decays, like B(s)→ μμ and B 0→K∗0μμ . The main drawback of this luminosity increase is that the trigger selections need to be tighter, in order to fit the rate of recorded events in the limits imposed by the available computer resources. This constraint imposes a challenge in the development of new trigger tools and algorithms, optimized to keep high acceptance on signal events while reducing the rate of collected background events, both at Level-1 Trigger (L1T) and at High-Level Trigger (HLT). The International Conference on B-Physics at Frontier Machines BEAUTY2018 6-11 May, 2018 La Biodola, Elba Island, Italy ∗Speaker. c © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). https://pos.sissa.it/ Trigger techniques for B-Physics at CMS Alessio Boletti 1. The CMS trigger system Events of interest are selected using a two-tiered trigger system [1]. The first level (L1), composed of custom hardware processors, uses information from the calorimeters and muon detectors to select events at a rate of around 100kHz within a time interval of less than 4 μs. The second level, known as the high-level trigger (HLT), consists of a farm of processors running a version of the full event reconstruction software optimised for fast processing, and reduces the event rate to around 1kHz before data storage. 2. Level-1 Trigger Triggering B-Physics events at L1T presents many challenges, due to the absence of information from the silicon detector: • no dimuon vertexing prevents the rejection of events coming from different interaction points; • no rejection of muons produced in a pion or kaon decay inside the tracker volume. In these years, many upgrades have been made in the L1T muon reconstruction criteria, in order to reduce the contamination from fake detector signals and to improve the resolution of the kinematical variables assigned to the muon [3]. Two important improvements, introduced before the 2017 data taking, are the possibility to use the muon η and φ coordinates extrapolated to the interaction point, taking into account the curved trajectory due to the magnetic field, and the possibility to perform selections involving variables related to muon pairs, instead of single-muon quantities only. They allowed to add new selection criteria to the B-Physics triggers: • A selection on ∆Rμμ , used for triggers selecting events with dimuon masses lower than 6 GeV, for which the opening angle of the muons is limited. The upper threshold of this variable has been set to 1.2 and 1.4 for the two triggers used for these channels, accepting muons with |η |< 2.4 and |η |< 1.5, respectively. These threshold values are tuned in order to assure a complete acceptance on signal events, and not to alter the shape of the distributions of signal and sideband events. The efficiency of the selection ∆Rμμ < 1.2 measured on a sample of J/ψ events is shown in Figure 1. • A selection on the dimuon invariant mass, used for triggers selecting events in the Υ mass range. The mass window set for the L1 triggers ranges from 8 GeV to 17 GeV, to guarantee a very large acceptance over the whole mass window selected at HLT. The distribution of the dimuon mass variable as computed at L1T and compared with the one computed offline, for a sample of Υ candidates and mass-sideband events, is shown in Figure 2. 3. High-Level Trigger At HLT, the reconstruction of muon candidates is performed using both the information from muon chambers and silicon detector. This leads to a better rejection of fake muons and muons from 1 Trigger techniques for B-Physics at CMS Alessio Boletti ) ψ (J/ η 3 − 2 − 1 − 0 1 2 3 E ffi ci en cy 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 CMS Preliminary (13 TeV) 1 − 9.8 fb Figure 1: The efficiency of the Level-1 Trigger requirement ∆Rμμ < 1.2 is shown against the pseudorapidity of the J/ψ candidate. Figure from [5]. Figure 2: The Moffl spectrum with a cut at 8.5 < Moffl < 10.75 GeV and the ML1 spectrum of the L1 muons that match the offline muons in this interval. The L1 track extrapolation to the vertex improves the L1 dimuon resolution. Figure from [4].


Key strategy for water supply companies, aiming increasing their capacity and expanding the network, should be to focus on reducing water losses and non revenue water in general. Water loss reduction, after conveniently achieving initial progress, requires continuous efforts to maintain or improve the achieved level of water losses. This paper proposes a methodology developed on the basis of collected and analyzed knowledge and experience gained in water utilities in BiH and neighboring countries. The methodology is also based on the experiences presented in the literature relating to water losses in developed countries, which are applicable or adaptable, so as affordable for the countries in transition.


The present invention relates to a driver circuit output and the transistor output circuit. According to one embodiment of the invention, the reference voltage generation unit for generating a reference voltage having a predetermined voltage difference with the high-voltage power supply; Includes a latch transistor, a level shift unit to the first transistor is driven off in a to a high-voltage power supply according to an input of an input driver circuit or of lowering driving the gate potential of the first transistor; Driving circuit unit that is driven according to the level-shift control unit includes a second transistor is the first transistor and the first transistor and a complementary drive for applying a high-voltage power supply to the gate of the output transistor for driving to lower the gate voltage supply source of the output transistor; And doedoe drive receiving applying a reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generation section, a second pressure protection, the first breakdown voltage protection unit, and an output transistor, the transistor and the first transistor of the transistor latch to secure to operate reliably protect to operate reliably including a pressure protection unit; The output driver circuit is proposed, consisting in including. In addition, a transistor output circuit using the same are proposed.


This chapter analyzes the best way to address the many disparate literatures at play in literary studies and explains the real meaning of "comparing" literatures. It also discusses "comparative literature" that signifies work across national boundaries and a growing number of scholars in national literature departments that are becoming comparatists to a significant degree. The chapter looks into the long-standing tension between inclusive and exclusive visions and varied politics of comparative studies. It attempts to reframe the exfoliating variety of comparative studies and provide an anatomy of comparison. It also talks about lingering structuralism that fuels a continuing interest in literary forms and in programmatic structures.


The reduction of CO2 emissions in the industry sector can partly be realised by the insulation of industrial facilities. Within the scope of this research project, companies of different sectors were analysed in order to determine current heat losses. Based on this analysis, the potential for the reduction of heat losses was estimated. Both, the insulation of industrial components without any insulation and insulation based on the economical thickness of the insulation layer of pipes were assessed. The major findings show that heat losses in companies can already be reduced significantly by insulating components without any insulation. Motivation When setting-up climate goals for a slow-down in the climate change, the Federal Government of Germany decided in 2007 to reduce German CO2 emissions drastically until 2020. A major share of about 40 % of the emissions is related to the existing building stock. Therefore, focus is put on energy-saving measures in this sector. Apart from residential buildings, commercial and industrial buildings are responsible for the high CO2 emissions, as well. However, the exact share of these buildings in total energy consumption including the installed facilities and components therein has not been quantified yet. Additionally, there is currently no data available of heat losses of industrial facilities and their share in total heat consumption of a company. Within the scope of this research project, this data was gathered based on a detailed analysis of selected companies. The goal of this research project was to determine possible and at the same time economically feasible energy saving potentials by technical insulation in the industrial sector. Approach and methodology Initially, the developed approach and methodology for the determination of heat losses in selected plants are outlined. Stocktaking tool At first, a standardised procedure for the systematic monitoring of the heat losses of industrial facilities was developed. On behalf of this tool, data like the length of the pipe, the insulation thickness and for example the number of flanges, valves or hangers can easily be determined. 2 Energy saving potential of technical insulation Actual state – pipes and objects Afterwards, examination objects of different sectors were chosen for stocktaking. Plants of the following sectors were visited:


A comprehensive error analysis is carried out for a 256-element annular spherical-section phased array when used for synthesizing three\|dimensional multi-focus acoustic fields. The influence of array excitation errors on field patterns is summarized for both amplitude and phase errors. References to the design of driving module are provided for phased array with hundreds of elements. The simulation results show that the phased array with hundreds of elements has a robust ability of acoustic field synthesizing. Five-bit digitalization of phase signal can ensure the validity of the abstained acoustic fields. The array excitation errors affect the focal energy distribution mostly. The effect of amplitude errors can be weakened by reducing the error ratio through increasing the overall excitation energy.


Based on analyzing the current situation and condition of experiential tourism exploiting,the article puts forward that our country is still in the primary stage of Experience Economy.In view of the actuality,the author argues that the experiential tourism exploiting in our country should take two steps: first,from providing service-based tourist product to provide experience-based tourist product;then,from providing experience-based tourist product to provide tourism experience.We should give priority to the development of experience-based tourist product at present.