The chemokine, CXCL10, chemotactic for NK cells, activated T cells, and dendritic cells is highly expressed during viral infections, including HSV-1. The importance of this chemokine to the control of HSV-1 infection was tested using mice deficient in CXCL10 (CXCL10−/−). Following corneal infection, HSV-1 viral titers were elevated in the nervous system of CXCL10−/− mice, which correlated with defects in leukocyte recruitment including dendritic cells, NK cells, and HSV-1-specific CD8+ T cells to the brain stem. In the absence of NK cells and HSV-1-specific CD8+ T cells in wild-type (WT) or CXCL10−/− mice, similar levels of virus were recovered in the nervous system, suggesting these cells are responsible for the observed defects in the control of viral replication in CXCL10−/− mice. Leukocyte mobilization was also compared between WT, CXCL10−/−, and mice deficient in the only known receptor for CXCL10, CXCR3 (CXCR3 −/−). NK cell mobilization was comparably reduced in both CXCL10−/− and CXCR3−/− mice relative to WT animals. However, the reduction in mobilization of HSV-1-specific CD8+ T cells in CXCL10−/− was not observed in CXCR3−/− mice following HSV-1 infection. The defect was not the result of an alternative receptor for CXCL10, as Ag-specific CD8+ T cell recruitment was not reduced in mice which were deficient in both CXCL10 and CXCR3. Thus, CXCL10 deficiency results in reduced mobilization of HSV-1-specific CD8+ T cells as a result of dysregulation of CXCR3 signaling.


Zbigniew  Bialas Fat: Fat[e]s and Fa[c]ts Summary Fat is seen in most travel literature as inspirational towards sloth, idleness and inertia. It is frequently linked to the  discourse of gluttonous excess. The essay — a reconaissance into a potentially huge, uncharted territory of aesthe tics — signals several complex relations between the traveller and the representations of fat. Presented here under  several emblematic guises (body fat, fat on the the surface of the body, protective grease, etc) fat is analysed, all  in all, as a convenient representational tool, not only for constructing disgust.


Interview with Marguerite Lang, a long-time resident of Portland, Texas. In the interview, Miss Lang describes her observations on land speculation, settlement, and development of Portland. She also discusses what it was like growing up and living an agrarian lifestyle in Portland.


Contents: Foreword, David Freestone Perspectives on transboundary environmental governance, Robin Warner and Simon Marsden Part I Inland and Coastal Perspectives: Transboundary environmental governance in the Murray Darling basin, Brendan Grigg Transboundary environmental governance, collaboration and the law: empirical insights from water and natural resource management in inland Queensland, Australia, Cameron Holley Marine protected areas and transboundary governance, Lorne Kriwoken, Julie Davidson and Michael Lockwood Effective governance across Central Asian boundaries: what lessons does the Central Asian transboundary watercourse management experience provide for mountain biodiversity conservation across the Kyrgyz-Tajik boundary? Michelle Lim Developing agreements for transboundary environmental impact assessment and strategic environmental assessment in Asia, Simon Marsden. Part II Marine Perspectives: Transboundary pollution from offshore oil and gas activities in the seas of South East Asia, Youna Lyons Coordinating strategic environmental assessments of marine and terrestrial plans: Australian experience in the sub-Antarctic, Simon Marsden Transboundary environmental governance and emerging environmental threats: geo-engineering in the marine environment, Karen N. Scott A model litigant? Australia's record in transboundary environmental litigation, Tim Stephens Transboundary environmental impact assessment in marine areas, Warwick Gullett Conserving marine biodiversity beyond boundaries: developing environmental assessment frameworks, Robin Warner Could the Espoo Convention become a global regime for environmental impact assessment and strategic environmental assessment?, Timo Koivurova Bibliography Index.


This study presents the results of treatment of 98 patients with risk of development of severe coronavirus disease (hereinafter COVID-19) with the first positive result of polymerase chain reaction test for SARS-CoV-2 in a day clinic of the multidisciplinary Z.A. Bashlyaeva Children's Municipal Clinical Hospital. To prevent the clinical manifestation of COVID-19 and the progression of the main disease all these children were treated with virus-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (sotrovimab 500 mg dissolved in 92 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride solution intravenously for 30 minutes, once, for children over 12 years old and with body weight over 12 kg; balanivimab 700 mg + etesivimab 1400 mg pre-dissolved in 250 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride solution intravenously for 30 minutes, once). Patients underwent a comprehensive clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination both initially and in dynamics for 3–7–11 days after therapy according to the developed clinical algorithm. The effectiveness of biological therapy in children with a risk of severe COVID-19 was noted in 100% of cases. None of the observed patients had either a clinical manifestation of COVID-19 or a relapse of the main chronic disease.


Squeezed states have been produced by degenerate parametric amplification and four-wave mixing[1−5]. In all these cases the squeezing was narrowband, because the mechanisms employed are inherently bandlimited. It would be desirable to construct a squeezing apparatus that is broadband, because then it could be applied to short optical pulses. Aside from the fact that optical pulses with reduced phase or amplitude noise are interesting in their own right, the use of optical pulses in experiments can eliminate many sources of noise that prevent effective squeezing of quasi cw excitations.


Proposed for a vehicle in the military field, an electric power ring bus with tap controllers (1.1 .; 1.2; 1.3; 1.4; 1.5) via the feed (10) of the power ring (9) or the supply of loads on the power ring is made so that a short circuit on the power ring between two controllers will not affect the Versorsorgung the consumer (11).


Taking the UHV transmission project under construction as background,we performed a wind tunnel test on a 1000 kV double circuit tower-eight bundled conductors coupling system through an aeroelastic model to study the wind induced behavior. Based on the aeroelastic model similarity theory,the dynamic property and aeroelastic shape of the UHV tower and eight bundled conductors were simulated,and a five-tower four-span model was established to simulate the boundary conditions. Moreover,wind responses of single tower and tower-conductor coupling system under uniform flow and turbulent flow were studied. The dynamic strains of the transmission tower members,eight bundled conductors and insulators were measured using FBG fiber sensors in the test. The wind effects and loading path of conductors and insulators on the transmission tower under wind action were investigated. The test results can be used for both the modification of current design code for transmission lines and UHV tower design.


The performance characterlstics are given for a discharge chamber with 25 x 10 cm electrodes and a 70-mm electrode clearance. The chamber is fllled wlth neon (argon admixture of 0.3 to 0.45%) under 760 mm pressure. Plctures of cosmic partlcles and proton tracks are shown, and the counter efflciency curves are plotted. (R.V.J.)


PURPOSE: To improve cooling efficiency, prevent a coolant from leaking, and extend the life of a container by composing a cooling system for a segment where a cover can be removed freely in the container for accommodating a pipe that is connected to a nozzle where the spray of the coolant is directed on the cooling surface of the cover. CONSTITUTION: An outer cover 18 and an inner cover 20 are provided at a furnace roof 10 of an electric arc furnace 12, and a hollow space 23 is demarcated between an upper wall 11 and a bottom wall 39 at the outer cover 18. Also, a plurality of spray nozzles 33 for accepting a coolant 36 from a manifold 29 are provided inside the hollow space 23. Further, a manifold 61 is fixed to the upper wall of the inner cover 20, and a cooling pipe 63 is provided at it and is connected to a spray nozzle 65. Then, the coolant 36 is supplied to the manifold 61 from an entrance that communicates with the manifold 29. On the other hand, the manifold 61 is separated from the entrance via an interlocking member 69, and a pipe 71 is separated from a pipe 71A via an interlocking member 73, thus easily removing the inner cover 20 from the furnace roof 10.


The fourth Gospel presents the passion of Jesus as the fulfillment of Scripture. This topic is already present in Targum Neofiti Ex 12:42, a text that allows the recovering of the aramean version of Jn 19:188.8.131.52. In John's Gospel, the verb lqyym underlies the verb pleroo. In John's passion, the oral traditions of "the four nights of salvation"-text studied by R. Le Deaut- have left traces, which means that the fourth Gospel didn't follow the Septuagint when quoting the Scripture.


New radiative lifetime measurements based on time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence are reported for 57 odd-parity and 9 even-parity levels of Ni i, ranging in energy from 29 000 to 57 000 cm−1. Our lifetimes agree with earlier measurements based on laser-induced fluorescence but are much more extensive than earlier laser measurements. These lifetimes are found to agree with the recent critical compilation of atomic transition probabilities from the U.S. National Bureau of Standards [ J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data17, Suppl. 4 ( 1988)]. These lifetimes are also compared with lifetimes derived from the highly accurate (±0.7%) relative oscillator strengths measured by the Oxford group [ Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc.236, 235 ( 1989)]. Our lifetimes provide an improved (±2%) absolute scale for the Oxford measurements.


This paper reports on the results of reconstruction Jang-an elementary school. The focus of this research was to make clear a change in Jangan's reconstruction.
This study outlines a three stage - summary of the present condition, summary space of old and new facility and analysis of the change in space - for space composition and a major issues for investigating user and architect's application in open plan school. Overall the building were found open school's keynote.
Open plan school freshen our environment of education, but within this building there are confusion in use. The results make clear up this point that open space play an important role in open plan school.
After this, it is necessary that research user's behavior and appraise space in open plan school.


BACKGROUND: Several classifications have been reported to stratify non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) in risk groups according to the probability of recurrence and progression. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review the current evidence regarding risk stratification of NMIBC. METHODS: The systematic review was performed in accordance with the PRISMA statement. Studies providing data on development and/or external validation cohorts of models and risk stratification tables for recurrence and/or progression for patients with NMIBC, reporting at least one discrimination measure (AUC or C-Index) were included. RESULTS: Twenty-five studies involving 22,737 patients were included. Six classifications were identified, three of them were predictive models (EORTC, CUETO, EAU 2021) and three were based on expert opinion (EAU 2020, AUA, NCCN). A high risk of bias was present in the majority of the studies. Certain heterogenicity was found among the studies regarding adjuvant therapy, postoperative instillation or second resection. The definition of oncological outcomes was not standardized in the included studies. CUETO and EORTC scoring systems are the most validated. In general, validations showed a poor discrimination capability to predict recurrence, slightly better for progression. The EAU 2021 model overestimates the risk of progression in patients treated with BCG. Carcinoma in situ is underrepresented in all the studies analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: The existing classifications show poor discrimination capability for recurrence and possibly helpful discrimination capability for progression in NMIBC patients. These results highlight the unmet need to develop novel accurate risk models for patients with NMIBC, which could be improved with the combination of clinicopathological and molecular information.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the economy and efficiency of two trained athlete groups of different training status. The subjects were 20 elite athletes composed of the cyclists group (n=10) and triathlon group (n=10). All subjects performed steady state testing at 50, 100, and 150 watts, with ample time to reach resting VO2 and ventilation values between stages. The efficiency of two groups appears to be quite different, with triathlon competitors displaying superior efficiency values for the transitions from 0 to 50 and 100 watts. This same principle likely explains the economy of the groups, as triathlon competitor was again more economic at 50 and 100 watts. As though this matching of oxygen consumption and workload they can reduce the amount of oxygen deficit that must be repaid post exercise.


A two-year-old boy was admitted for melena. Ultrasonography depicted an abnormal intestinal structure in the right iliac fossa and the diagnosis of Meckel's diverticulum was suggested. Laparoscopic approach confirmed the diagnosis and allowed resection.


Gathering together the clues scattered through the 33 books and 56 stories in which Hercule Poirot appears during six decades, the first published in 1920, the author pieces together the story of Christie's master sleuth.


This article deals with the impact of employing cloud computing architectures in the field of software systems development. We analyze the individual influence of the cloud computing model characteristics on the project development process.


Various existing multicast protocols have the problem of relatively low real-time in some applications,nor do they well meet the requirements of information service domain such as IPTV,distance education and video conference,so an implementation method of protocol optimization needs to be considered.Making use of static characteristic of static multicast member and according to overlap feature of time domain multicast tree in some multicast applications,the method can decrease the delay of traditional multicast applications and achieve fast multicast..


In the last few years a multi-disciplinary approach has been launched to investigate the brain using new techniques, which are capable of probing neuronal function across the entire length scales of the brain. Here, we discuss optical tools and spatial light patterning techniques to investigate brain function from the perspective of individual neurons and neuronal circuits. We discuss both biochemical and genetic tools to stimulate neurons, as well as techniques to record neuronal activity. We discuss optical projection and imaging tricks that can be dynamically customized to a particular neuron morphology and neuronal circuit layout facilitating a systematic study of their input/output transfer functions. These optical techniques will play a major role towards understanding the operation of a brain.


This paper presents an experimental investigation of the mechanical properties of high strength concrete for box girder bridge deck in Malaysia. To study the Malaysia condition, high strength concrete samples were obtained from a Malaysian precast concrete factory that provides precast and in-situ concrete for box girder bridge deck construction. The mixed design properties of this type of concrete mixture were investigated; including the slump test, compressive strength, flexural strength, static modulus elasticity and Poisson's ratio. Stress-strain curve relationship was produced as well, to be used for non-linear behaviour study.


410 In general the essays are rather too short (most take up fewer than twenty pages). Though Longenbach and also Linda Gregerson are able to write suggestively and fairly comprehensively in fi fteen and twenty pages respectively, many of the contributions would have benefi ted from being given more space. Very little is made of Glück's excursions beyond Greek and Roman antiquity, Dante, and the Anglo-American tradition: Cavafy, Mallarmé, Celan and Rilke are only briefl y mentioned (I would have been particularly interested to hear more about Cavafy, whose importance for Glück has been considerable). It would also have been helpful, since, according to the series to which this volume belongs, Glück's oeuvre and achievements are "under discussion," to have been offered some sort of review of the criticism so far. A few of the contributors try to describe what the critical landscape has looked like, though are constrained by space from going into much depth. In general I was unclear as to what exactly was "under discussion" about Glück. According to the back jacket, the "Under Discussion series [ . . . ] is concerned with contemporary American and English poets about whom the consensus has not yet been formed and the fi nal vote not yet taken." (Perhaps perversely) I couldn't read this mission statement without wondering if there is any modern poet on whose work "the fi nal vote" has yet been taken. Peskier prospect still: who would make up the electorate in such a vote? It is of no small concern to those concerned with due democratic process that of the poets examined in the "Under Discussion" series so far, only six out of seventeen are women (and some of them of the calibre that should put them "above" discussion, if we share the series editors' apparent assumption that some poets should indeed be beyond their reach). If in general its fruits are somewhat under-ripe, this is a signifi cant volume and one that had been much needed. At its best it is extremely suggestive of avenues for further investigation, and offers a strong sense of how powerful, technically accomplished, and multi-faceted Glück's work is. It will no doubt prove to be an important teaching resource, and will inform those who study this poet, as well as those who read her purely to experience poems that are, as Wayne Kostenbaum puts it, "concise, precise, hard, reticent, unsentimental, spare. Their spareness does not preclude comedy; their reticence does not prohibit elevation" (26).


The Doctrine of Right is Kant's masterpiece on legal and political philosophy. The work is highly structured and meticulously formulated. In it Kant makes a few simple assumptions he calls "axioms" and "postulates" and from those assumptions the whole doctrine of right unfolds systematically. It unfolds Kant's most mature thoughts on the peace project. As Kant indicates in the Conclusion to the Doctrine of Right , the whole aim of that work is to ensure lasting peace. Peace is ensured in Kant's view by securing and protecting individual rights. Thus Kant's most significant contribution to legal and political philosophy is dedicated to the peace project and is about rights and how those rights can be ensured. Rights can be ensured only in a "juridical state." Kant fathered the idea of a juridical state, which in German is called the Rechtsstaat , or in English a state under "the rule of law," a state guaranteeing "due process of law." Unlike authors before, during, or after Kant's time, Kant expands his inquiry beyond the juridical state of one nation to include the juridical state of nation states and the cosmopolitan juridical state. Kant's ideas thus encompass international law to ensure rights globally and cosmopolitan law to ensure world trading relations and permit peoples to offer themselves freely for commerce with one another. Kant indeed is the only author who provides one single model designed to ensure peace on the national, international, and cosmopolitan levels.


Abstract The project follows the development of a Java Software Tool that extracts data from Flat File (Fixed Length Record Type), CSV (Comma Separated Values), and XLS (Microsoft Excel 97-2003 Worksheet file), apply transformation to those sources, and finally load the data into the end target RDBMS. The software refers to a process known as ETL (Extract Transform and Load). Those kinds of systems are called ETL systems. The analysis involved research on the theory behind the ETL process as well as the theory behind the various phases of the applied methodology. Also an in-depth look at the design and architecture of the software has been made. To create a complete design needed to be used for the implementation, different techniques and diagrams where used to visualise and refine ideas: UML class diagrams, System Architecture Diagrams, Physical Data Model, and Project Timeline. The implementation of the project involved the translation of the system architecture into working software using the Extreme Programming Methodology and the Java programming language. A mapping algorithm module and design patterns have been used in the implementation phase. A transformation syntax has been defined to achieve data transformation. The testing of the software was done in the form of a unit test. A formal test plan was prepared to ensure that the main features of the system worked as defined. An error handling code implementation has been developed to avoid an unexpected crash of the system and to communicate to the user problems or errors.


This paper examines the relationship between the government's financial incentive and market responses among motorcycle owners using Bangkok's motorcycle retirement program. While the literature studies only a "Cash for Clunkers" scheme, this quasi-natural experiment allows us to compare owners' preferences for alternative schemes. The owners prefer a fee system to a trade-in program since they worry that the trade-in program may confiscate their means of living and/or transportation. Factors such as household income are shown to be the determinants of compensation amount for losing motorcycles. Owners of old motorcycles are members of lowincome households. We conclude that old motorcycle retirement will be promoted by providing financial safeguard and substitutive transportation methods.


The coronavirus crisis has shone a light on pre-existing social, economic and health inequalities. This article examines what has been done to support children who rely on free school meals and hol...


The financial risk of milk production systems was evaluated in mombacagrass (Panicum maximum, Jacq., cv. Mombaca) pasture with roughage supplementations, during the dry season, at the area of River Paraiba valley, South of Sao Paulo State, Brazil. The milk production systems were: PS1 – momba c agrass pasture + black-oat (Avena strigosa, Schreb, cv. preta) pasture, PS2 - mombacagrass pasture + sugarcane (Saccharum spp., L., cv. IAC 86-2480) and urea and PS3 - mombacagrass pasture + sorghum (Sorghum bicolor, L., cv. Volumax) silage. Starting from the construction of cash flow spreadsheets, with 12 year-old horizon, the ten main items (factors) were identified to be more sensitive to the changes of prices and have larger impacts in the economical results of each production system. The risk analysis was done through Monte Carlo ' s Simulation, seeking to determine the probability of occurrence of each system to become unable, due to the prices oscillations in the market. The evaluated production systems present low financial risk, when submitted to the discount rate of 6% a year, this rate is similar to that in the savings account, in the same period. Among the systems, the one that presents the largest financial risk of becoming unable is the production system that uses roughage supplementation with sorghum silage, during the dry season.


The article identifies competitive individualism as a major cause of crime and examines responses to crime which embody Roman Catholic social teaching. The United States' economic system and its harshening criminal penalties and expansion of imprisonment in recent decades are identified as threatening communal ties and democratic principles. Victim‐offender mediation and community organizing are introduced as strategies which confront and reduce crime by building communal relationships. The principles of the common good, a preferential option for the poor, and subsidiarity are reviewed in light of these strategies. The Church is called on to provide more leadership on criminal justice issues.


Given the ubiquity of data acquisition and processing in our everyday life, protecting data sovereignty in distributed systems is a significant topic of research. Usage control and provenance tracking systems are very promising steps towards a technical solution for the problem of data sovereignty. However, due to their complexity and diversity these systems are still not fully understood. In this work we investigate the functionality of usage control and provenance tracking systems. We classify them into three different categories based on their security goals and properties. Furthermore we identify generic use cases for these systems that help to understand what attack vectors system operators have to be mindful of.


This article discusses the extent of child rape in India, case studies of girl children in legal procedures, rape settings and perpetrators, public morality, and the nature of rape laws in India. It is concluded that there is no safe place for children. Currently, rapists are allowed to go free or are acquitted. Prevention and control of child rape must involve punishment of rapists. It is not appropriate that society ostracize the victim and her family. Victims should not remain silent. National Crime Records Bureau statistics reveal increases in rape during 1986-91. State figures are given for 1986-88. Madhya Pradesh had the highest reported incidence of rape in 1988. In 1993, Madhya Pradesh had a total of 2459 rapes. Nationally, 10,425 women were reported as raped in 1991. 51.7% were 16-30 years old. There were 1099 cases of pedophilia in 1991, which was an increase over 1990. Over 50% of the pedophilia cases were reported in Uttar Pradesh. The record of convictions shows very low figures. 1992 trial results of 276 rape cases indicated that only 46 persons were convicted. Victims suffer from psychological effects of embarrassment, disgust, depression, guilt, and even suicidal tendencies. There is police and prosecution indifference as well as social stigma and social ostracism of the victim and her family. Many cases go unreported. The case studies illustrate the difficulties for the victim of experiencing the rape and the social responses: police harassment, shame and fear, and occasionally public outrage. The case studies illustrate rape in familiar settings, such as schools, family homes, and neighbors and friends' homes; rape by policemen; and rape by political influentials. Most offenders are young, married, and socioeconomically poor. Mass media portrayals fuel the frustrations of poor and lonely men in cities. Rapists exhibit anti-social behavior or psychopathology. Sexual offenses are related to society's moral values.


Between 1587, when he left Cambridge, and his death in 1593, Marlowe's literary career developed in three social contexts: he found patronage and employment as a government spy; he associated with some of the most heterodox intellectuals of his age; and he became one of London's first professional writers. It is through these interconnected activities - reflected in Marlowe's relationships with Thomas Watson, Thomas Harriot, and William Shakespeare - that he transformed Elizabethan literature. Watson, a 'University Wit' like Marlowe, was a model of what a scholar could achieve in a career supported by patronage, publication, and playwrighting. Harriot, a brilliant scientist whose friendship resulted in accusations of their collusion in 'Sir Walter Ralegh's school of atheism', mirrored Marlowe's intellectual audacity. And Shakespeare, Marlowe's chief rival in the public theatre, engaged him in a theatrical dialogue on the meaning of history. The Marlovian moment lasted only six years, but its achievement was to prove that popular drama could be counted among those exclusive cultural activities which Thomas Nashe called 'the endeavors of art'. Thomas Watson was among a small group of writers now called the University Wits, who gained literary reputations in the 1580s after having studied at Cambridge or Oxford. As London's first set of university-trained professionals, the wits – whose best writers included Watson, Marlowe, Nashe, Robert Greene, George Peele, Thomas Lodge, and John Lyly – appeared at the moment when the cultural marketplace first made having a literary career viable. Watson, who killed William Bradley in 1589 while defending Marlowe, was a writer whose reputation seemed so assured that William Covell in Polymanteia (1595) called Shakespeare 'Watson's heir'.


A series of 156 patients with gastric cancer during a 15‐year period were reviewed retrospectively to determine the effectiveness of combined surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. The patients were divided into a 9‐year prechemotherapy period and a 6‐year chemotherapy period. Review of the data revealed an increase in the incidence of distant disease. The utilization of surgery as the only mode of treatment declined. Combination surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy utilization increased. Comparison of survival for surgery vs. adjuvant chemotherapy, expressed as percentage of survivors for each year, revealed an increase at 1 and 2 years with no difference at 3 years for all stages. A similar comparison for patients with regional spread showed an increase at 1,2, and 3 years with no difference thereafter. The 5‐year survival was 5% for both groups. The data has suggested that surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy increases 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐year survival rates but does not affect the longterm results.


Author Institution: Department of Chemistry, University of Utah; Joint institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, University of Colorado; Department of Chemistry, University of Utah


Summary Control of reproductive development in crustaceans requires neuropeptides, ecdysone and methyl farnesoate (MF). A major source of neuropeptides is the X-organ–sinus gland (XO–SG) complex located in the eyestalk ganglia of crustaceans. The other regulatory factors (either peptides or neuromodulators) are produced in the brain and thoracic ganglia (TG). Two other regulatory non-peptide compounds, the steroid ecdysone and the sesquiterpene MF, are produced by the Y-organs and the mandibular organs, respectively. In the current review, I have tried to recapitulate recent studies on the role of gonadal regulatory factors in regulating crustacean reproduction.


The field of application for distributed algorithms is growing with the ongoing demand for new network applications. Wherever a global goal must be achieved by a number of peers, a distributed algorithm consisting of local computations and communication protocols must be developed. In asynchronous environments the design of a distributed algorithm must respect the fact that processes may vary in speed and that messages might be delayed for an arbitrarily long time. Moreover, it is often required that the algorithm still works in the presence of crash failures, i.e., in scenarios, where some processes stop working at some time. The complex nature of concurrent executions in distributed systems often hinder the application of common methods for modeling and verification. Although many different formal approaches for modeling fault tolerant distributed algorithms, like e.g. I/O automata and process calculi have been proposed, many works in the field of distributed systems use informal pseudo-code representations to introduce new algorithms. On most cases this leads to informal and crude arguments for correctness, which usually become incomprehensible if all race conditions must be taken into account. This work proposes new formal strategies to model and verify distributed algorithms, whereas we focus on two main goals. Firstly, we introduce a means to satisfy a designer's demands by using methods that are easy to understand and to work with and which are very similar to common applied methods as e.g. TLA and Abstract State Machines. Secondly, our strategies are suitable for the formal use in a theorem proving environment. This enables mechanical verification of our algorithms and therefore, we are able to produce machinechecked proofs for correctness. Our model adopts abstractions from the work of Fuzzati, which examines two similar distributed algorithms in a logical framework. We lifted these abstractions to a more general level to make them suitable and reusable for as many distributed algorithms as possible. Furthermore, we present a new method to place local computation steps in the respective global context. The advantage of our method is that, on the on hand, like with pseudo code, computations can be described as local steps, but, on the other hand, it is possible to formally reason over global system states. Our model for communication mechanisms comprises modules for different kinds of message passing, broadcasts, and shared memory access. We are convinced that our model can easily be extended to support almost all kinds of communication infrastructures that can formally be described. We show how properties that have to be verified can be expressed in terms of our model to enable formal reasoning. Furthermore, we present appropriate strategies to verify different classes of properties. For the theorem proving environment Isabelle/HOL we provide a library which incorporates all introduced abstractions and can, therefore, be reused and extended for further applications, new algorithms, and further verification projects. Finally, we present case studies for the verification of different distributed algorithms to demonstrate the applicability of our strategies. Four known algorithms are verified in our model using our framework for Isabelle/HOL. The algorithms vary in complexity, the used communication infrastructure, the failure model, and other constraints, so that many different modeling and verification aspects are exemplified.


Understanding the mechanisms that drive TDP-43 pathology is integral to combating neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). To address this, we sought to determine the timeline of proteomic alterations across disease course in TDP-43 proteinopathy. Using longitudinal quantitative proteomics analysis of cortex samples from the cytoplasmic TDP-43 rNLS8 mouse model of ALS and FTLD, we identified several distinct protein subsets characterized by temporal alterations in protein abundance across diverse biological pathways, including protein folding, intracellular transport, myelination, and neuronal synaptic function. Remarkably, neurons in the rNLS8 cortex elicited a transitory response primarily comprising protein-folding factors prior to and in the earliest stages of disease progression. This response included increased levels of DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 5, DNAJB5, and proof-of-concept studies showed that DNAJB5 over-expression decreased TDP-43 aggregation in cell and cortical neuron cultures. Conversely, knockout of Dnajb5 exacerbated motor impairments caused by AAV-mediated cytoplasmic TDP-43 expression in the brains and spinal cords of mice. Lastly, the late disease proteomic signatures of rNLS8 mouse cortex strongly correlated with changes in human autopsy-derived TDP-43 proteinopathy tissues, indicating commonality of disease processes. Together, these findings reveal molecular mechanisms that regulate protein levels through distinct stages of ALS and FTLD progression, and suggest that protein folding factors that combat cytoplasmic TDP-43 protein aggregation could be protective in disease. Highlights The first longitudinal map of the cortex proteome throughout TDP-43-driven disease in a mouse model of cytoplasmic TDP-43 proteinopathy (rNLS8 mice). Cytoplasmic TDP-43 accumulation drives many dynamic changes to the cortex proteome, including increases in protein folding factors prior to disease onset. The protein folding factor DNAJB5 decreases TDP-43 aggregation in HEK293 cells and primary cortical neurons and Dnajb5 knockout exacerbates cytoplasmic TDP-43-associated motor impairments in vivo. The proteomic signature of the rNLS8 mouse cortex correlates strongly with postmortem brain tissue from human TDP-43 proteinopathies. A new webtool, 'TDP-map' (https://shiny.rcc.uq.edu.au/TDP-map/), allows comparison of transcriptomic and proteomic datasets from mouse and human TDP-43 proteinopathy.


Ovality has great effect on casing strength.In this paper,by means of finite-element method the non-linear contact mechanics model is established and large numbers of simulations have been done.The variation laws of the ovality and its influence on the property of expanded casing.The results provide theoretical reference for the design of expandable casing and the further study.


Recommended Citation Smith-Orr, C. S., & Bodnar, C. A., & Lee, W. C., & Faber, C. J., & Strong, A. C., & McCave, E. (2019, June), Board 145: Collaborative Research: Supporting Agency among Early-career Engineering Education Faculty in Diverse Institutional Contexts: Developing a Framework for Faculty Agency Paper presented at 2019 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition , Tampa, Florida. https://peer.asee.org/32260


The newly revised company law,which provides the guaranty system of company in specific provision,has been enforceable since January 1st 2006.The guaranty system of company gives company the full capability of guaranty,which embodies the thought of company autonomy.Besides,company may limit its guaranty ability in its constitution to protect the interest of creditors and small shareholders.The guaranty system shall be perfected in judicial practices due to the principle provision of it.


ABsTsRicr. Paradrypetes, a small genus known only from Brazil, has been placed near Drypetes in subfam. Phyllanthoideae, in subfam. Oldfieldioideae, and even excluded from the Euphorbiaceae altogether. In light of recent studies of the Oldfieldioideae, the morphology of Paradrypetes, particularly of its leaves and pollen, suggests that this genus is a primitive member of that subfamily. Its closest relative appears to be Podocalyx, in the tribe Podocalyceae, but numerous differences between these genera justify placing Paradrypetes in its own subtribe, the Paradrypetinae, G. Levin newly described herein. Two species of Paradrypetes are recognized, including a new species, Paradrypetes subintegrifolia. Paradrypetes Kuhlmann is a small Brazilian genus of Euphorbiaceae that has long been regarded as of uncertain relationships. When Kuhlmann (1935) described P. ilicifolia, heretofore the sole known species, he placed the genus in the subfam. Phyllanthoideae Webster because of its biovulate locules. He noted that the genus differed strikingly in its opposite leaves and epipetiolar inflorescences from all other members of the subfamily known to him. Despite these differences he suggested that it was related to Drypetes M. Vahl, which he stated was generally similar morphologically and specifically shares drupaceous fruits. The accompanying anatomical study by Milanez (1935) was interpreted to reinforced these conclusions but added further differences between the genera, particularly the presence of raphides, a crystal type otherwise absent in the Euphorbiaceae, throughout the primary tissues of Paradrypetes.


In order to conform to the conditions in which a 5% benzoyl peroxide compound is being used, a new methodology has been developed and applied to 24 volunteers: photobiologic tests were performed and U


Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) with mixed agonist/antagonist properties and variable, though consistent, effects upon target tissues. Although tamoxifen confers beneficial properties of an estrogen agonist on bone and on the cardiovascular system, it remains unclear how tamoxifen might influence the central nervous system or cognitive ability. The occurrence of hot flashes, a common side effect of tamoxifen treatment, in approximately 40% of patients implies that this agent exerts effects on the brain; hot flashes are relieved by serotonin uptake inhibitors and are considered to be centrally mediated via brain stem pathways. These phenomena of hot flashes suggest that tamoxifen acts as an estrogen antagonist within the central nervous system, which, in the longer term, could lead to a cognitive deficit. There are limited clinical data indicating that breast cancer treatments that involve combinations of tamoxifen and chemotherapy are associated with impairment of cognitive function (1). Confounding factors make it difficult to determine the precise effects of tamoxifen when chemo-hormonal therapies are administered in combination. The study by Ernst et al. (2) provides reassuring evidence that tamoxifen may act as an estrogen agonist in the context of cerebral targets and that it may offer some degree of protection from the cognitive attrition that is associated with aging. Estrogens are thought to have a positive influence on brain metabolism and cognitive function, which is consistent with a 29% reduction in the incidence of Alzheimer's disease among users of hormone replacement therapy compared with nonusers (3). Moreover, as cited by Ernst et al. (2), there is evidence for reduced incidence of Alzheimer's disease among women previously treated with tamoxifen (4). Longer-term follow-up studies with more rigorous psychometric assessment of patients on tamoxifen treatment are required to confirm any sparing of cognitive loss. Such studies are more likely to be forthcoming and to encompass a broader age range as patients undergo primary treatment for earlier-stage breast cancer and experience more prolonged survival. Nonetheless, there are concerns about whether impairment of cognitive function is associated with treatments that induce states of estrogen deprivation. This issue has been highlighted with the recent publication of findings from the Arimidex, Tamoxifen Alone, or in Combination (ATAC) trial that investigated the use of selective aromatase inhibitors as first-line adjuvant treatment for early breast cancer (5,6). These agents may prove to have enhanced antitumor efficacy compared with tamoxifen (hazard ratio for time to recurrence 0.83, 95.2% confidence interval 0.71 to 0.96; P .0129), but they may lack the beneficial estrogen agonist activity in tissues such as bone and, possibly, in the brain. These latter properties characterize SERMs that possess a triphenylbutene core and basic side chain. The composition of this side chain and its interaction with surface amino acids within the SERM–estrogen receptor complex determines estrogenicity and confers a pleiotropic functional profile (7). The preliminary analysis of data from the ATAC trial led the authors to conclude that further evaluation of the effects of aromatase inhibitors on bone mineral density and cognitive function is mandatory in order to fully assess the clinical risk–benefit ratio for these agents compared with that for tamoxifen. Concerns over these two effects may hinder the imminent and widespread introduction of selective aromatase inhibitors as first-line adjuvant hormonal therapies for early breast cancer and may preclude their use as chemopreventive agents in otherwise healthy individuals for whom the overall risks may outweigh objective benefits.


The volume of the image data collected by optical satellites is increasing tremendously nowadays. In this paper, we present our recent research on the multi-graphics processing unit (multi-GPU) based near real-time preprocessing and releasing system (RPRS) of optical satellite images. RPRS consists of two sub-systems, namely, the image preprocessing sub-system and the image releasing sub-system. The image preprocessing sub-system ports the four image processors (i.e. relative radiometric correction, median filtering, modulation transfer function compensation and geometric correction) to the GPUs for execution with the compute unified device architecture (CUDA). Both the basic GPU implementation and three optimization measures are presented. To validate our strategy, an entire ZY-3 nadir image strip consisting of 80 images is used for experiment on the multi-GPU system that consists of four NVIDIA Tesla M2050 GPUs. The results show that the efficiency of the processors is substantially accelerated by the use of GPU. The speedup ratios are between 10.94 and 44.89. Moreover, when using all the four GPUs, the processing of the entire image strip only costs 19 min 45 s, which could meet the near realtime preprocessing requirement. The image releasing system affords the direct visualization of the georeferenced images on the geographic base map of GeoGlobe, a Google Earth like 3D spatial information releasing platform developed by State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, China. It is very convenient for the follow-up relevant applications.


ABSTRACT
Sternoclavicular Joint (SCJ) injuries account for <3% of shoulder injuries. Anterior dislocations are far more common than posterior dislocations, but proper recognition is essential as posterior injuries are potentially life threatening. The computed tomography (CT) scan is the gold standard in determining the direction of the SCJ injury, and furthermore can help to determine the difference between medial clavicle fractures through an open physis and pure dislocations. Since the medial clavicle is one of the last physes to close and does not fuse until as late as 25 years of age in males, SCJ injuries in this age group most often represent physeal injuries, however the treatment is similar to that for SCJ dislocations. Closed reduction maneuvers may be successful for the acute posterior SCJ dislocation, but operative reduction and repair is the gold standard of treatment. Anterior dislocations are not amenable to closed reduction due to deforming forces which cause recurrent dislocation but are thought to best be treated with closed management with the expectation for resolution of pain. Operative management of painful or unstable chronic dislocations includes medial clavicle resection and ligament reconstruction with allograft tendon in the setting of sternoclavicular instability.


Cancer is one of the most leading causes of death all over the world. Great deal of effort has been made to find out new agents for cancer treatment. Cancer cell models for drug testing play a critical role in this process. In recent years, 3D cell models were proved to be more effective mimic structure and character of cancer cells in tumors than 2D cell culture, hence they present the effect of drug more accurate to in vivo result. Vietnam which is a tropical country has tremendous potential in cancer drug screening due to its diversity of herbals. Xao tam phan (Paramignya trimera) is a traditional medicine of Vietnam used in cancer treatment for a long time, however there was not enough science evidences proved its anticancer potency. The study aimed to generate multicellular tumor spheroid (MCTS) of MCF7 cells using hanging drop technique, followed by testing toxicity of Paramignya trimeraextract (PTE) on this model compared with monolayer cells cultured. Firstly, MCF7 cells were seeded on hanging drop plates with variety of concentrations. Spheroid size was tracked and growth curve was measured by Alamar Blue assay. Necrotic core of MCTS was evaluated by PI staining. The results showed that the number of 2500 cells/well generated the most suitable spheroids for anticancer drug screening with the diameter about 500μm and exhibit necrotic core at day 3 after seeding cells. Toxicity of Doxorubicine and Tirapazamine were then tested on the 3D model of MCF7 cell lines compared to monolayer culture condition. The results showed that IC50 of DOX on 3D MCF7 cells was nearly 50 times higher than on monolayer MCF7 cells. TPZ, the agent are specifically toxic in hypoxia condition, showed the stronger anticancer ability on 3D models than on 2D (IC50 of TPZ on 3D models showed significantly lower versus 2D). These results indicated that PTE strongly inhibited MCF7 cells in both 2D and 3D condition. Interestingly, IC50 of PTE on 3D model was remarkably lower than on 2D (IC50 value is 168.9 ± 11.65μg/ml compared to 260.8 ± 16.54 μg/ml). Flow cytometry result also showed that PTE effectively induced apoptosis on 3D model MCF7 cells. Invasion assay showed that PTE totally inhibited the invasion of MCF-7 cells at concentration 500μg/ml. These results emphasized the promising of PTE in cancer treatment.


The study was undertaken to find out the psychological effects and performance in science of MSU –University Training Centre grade 10 students after the siege happened in Marawi City. Specifically, the study sought to answer the following questions; (1) what is the psychological status of the students after the Marawi siege regarding anxiety and stress manifestation? (2) Is there a significant relationship between the psychological status and the academic performance in science of the MSU-UTC students brought about by the Marawi siege? The research study used quasi experimental with qualitative research design.  A population of eighty-two (82) grade 10 students were used in the conduct of the study. The following results showed that (1)  students have more worries now than before the Marawi siege ; (2) Students feel pressured because of the many requirements in school; (3) Performance of students in science and Psychological stress are not associated without psychosocial intervention or values integration; (4)  While with psychosocial intervention student performance and stress are significantly related; (5) and lastly, students anxiety and performance in science both with and without psychosocial intervention are not significantly related. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijhss.11.3.3


The framework of Hodgkin-Huxley conductance-based models provides an excellent description of the electrical behaviour of neurons. However, their non-linear voltage-dependent membrane currents are hard to handle analytically and it has been difficult to gain insight into the quantitative behaviour of ensembles of such neurons. A much-simplified model neuron, the integrate-and-fire (IF) neuron captures many of the broad features that biological neurons share and has become a standard component of models of large recurrent-networks. A cortical neuron in an active network receives a massive synaptic bombardment. This input is commonly approximated as a fluctuating current. Synaptic drive is, however, better modelled by a fluctuating conductance. Recently, the effect this conductance change has on the response of neurons has been brought to the attention of theorists and experimentalists [1, 2]. It was demonstrated that synaptic bombardment in vivo can lead to four-fold conductance increases, as compared to the quiescent case. Such an increase can have dramatic effects on the integrative properties of the neuron effects that are neglected in current-based models. Here we examine the impact of this conductance change analytically and make a comparison with the case of current-based model synapses. The model we consider comprises a passive leak with reversal potential EL and passive time constant τL. The excitatory and inhibitory synaptic conductances are modelled as Poissonian trains of delta pulses (Pe and Pi respectively): dV dt = − 1 τL (V − EL) − ae(V − Ee)Pe − ai(V − Ei)Pi. Reversal potentials for both the excitatory (Ee) and inhibitory (Ei) synapses are included (see [3] for a treatment of this system with purely excitatory inputs) and ae, ai set the scale for postsynaptic potential amplitudes. This model is equivalent to that recently introduced in [2] in the limit that the correlations in the induced conductances are short the model neglects correlations that are known to be important at higher frequencies [4]. Nevertheless, it does allow for a fair comparison with the current-based IF neuron, and most importantly, it captures the principal features of dynamic conductance changes, varying time constant and voltage-dependent post-synaptic potential amplitudes. In the limit of small post-synaptic potentials we obtain solutions for both the membrane potential distribution and the firing rate. Of particular interest are the different modes in which the neuron can be induced to fire; (i) through an increase of the mean voltage, (ii) or through increased voltage fluctuations. (i) Increase of the mean voltage: In the current-based IF neuron the depolarization of the membrane is implemented by the increase of the total current. In the conductance-based case this can be achieved through both increasing the excitatory presynaptic rate or decreasing the inhibitory rate. We show that a balanced case (in which both mechanisms act to preserve the steady conductance) is identical in behaviour to pure current injection: the average membrane potential changes linearly with increasing drive. However, if this balance does not exist, for example by only increasing the presynaptic excitatory rate, the corresponding increase in conductance leads to a sub-linear depolarization with the drive. (ii) Increase of the voltage variance: It was recently suggested that changes in the variance of the presynaptic input allows for a rapid coding scheme [5]. Using the current-based models they demonstrated that a population of neurons responds faster to a change in the level of fluctuations than to an increase in the direct drive. We find that a similar signalling mode exists for the conductance-based case when there is an increase of synchrony in the presynpatic population. However, an additional mode is also present in which a balanced increase in the excitatory and inhibitory drives can in some cases cause a decrease in the membrane potential fluctuations again due to the competing conductance increase. This is reminiscent of the decrease in firing rate with increasing noise seen in simulations of Hodgkin-Huxley type neurons [6]. As mentioned above, there are special modes of behaviour for which the conductance and currentbased IF neurons respond identically. However, it can be asked if the general response of the conductance-based case can be approximated in the existing framework of the current-based IF model, through parameter changes. Analytically we demonstrate that, as long as the conductance effect is taken into account by a dynamically changing membrane time constant, it is acceptable to neglect the voltage-dependence of the post-synaptic potentials. This approximation is compared with the Gaussian approximation [7] that has previously been used to examine the spike-train statistics of such models. We close with an examination of the implications of our results for the properties of networks built of IF neurons with conductance-based synapses.


A 66-year-old woman presented with abdominal discomfort and iron-deficiency anemia (hemoglobin, 8.3 g/dL). She had been taking 10 mg vonoprazan daily for 3 years for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Helicobacter pylori tests (serum anti-IgG antibody and histology) were negative. Abdominal computed tomography revealed polypoid lesions arising from the gastric wall in the duodenal bulb (Picture 1). Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed more than 30 pedunculated polyps in the gastric body (Picture 2). At the time of endoscopy, intussusception due to the gastric polyps had likely spontaneously reduced. A biopsy of the polyps revealed fundic gland mucosa with cystic glands, which was consistent with fundic gland polyps, and parietal cell protrusion. We suspected that the gastric polyps were related to proton pump inhibition, and vonoprazan was discontinued. Twelve months later, follow-up endoscopy revealed a marked decrease in the number and size of the polyps (Picture 3). The serum gastrin levels before and after the cessation of vonoprazan were 830 and 130 (pg/mL), respectively. The anemia improved with iron treatment and did not recur. Long-term proton-pump inhibitor use has been reported to induce gastric fundic grand polyp development


We fabricated nanocontact structures (typically in a range from 15×13nm2to20×40nm2) between Ni81Fe19 wires using electron-beam lithography and a lift-off process. In the magnetization reversal process for each sample, two kinds of magnetic domain walls with different magnetic configurations were trapped at the nanocontact between the two wires. The directions of the magnetization in the nanocontact were different between the two domain walls. These walls yielded different values of electric resistance and different depinning fields. The magnetization of the nanocontact suppresses or assists the magnetization rotation in the connected magnetic element through exchange interaction (exchange biasing), which causes the differences in the depinning field and dominates the magnetization process of the magnetic element.


Background: Klebsiella oxytoca is an emerging pathogen and can cause a plethora of infections in man. It is often found in food. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of K. oxytoca in milk samples and study their antibiogram. Methods: A total of 100 milk samples collected from various sources were cultured. Results: A total of seven isolates of K. oxytoca were found in 100 samples and none were multidrug-resistant. Isolates were uniformly susceptible to ofloxacin and chloramphenicol. They coexisted with other coliforms in some of these samples. Conclusion: Raw milk is an important source of K. oxytoca which can be pathogenic by oral route.


The extraction of non timber forest products in the world has increased rapidly during the last two decades as markets for these products has developed internationally. As a result, a large number of NTFPs have been extracted beyond sustainable limits. Frequent occurrences of unsustainable extractions is challenging the old thinking that harvesting of NTFPs should concur to the sustainable forest management. This study assesses the global impacts of extraction practices in general with special focus upon India. A new thinking is needed to tackle the non-sustainability of NTFPs due to over-extraction. The study suggests a remedial policy framework for India to be adopted with stringent requirement for making harvesting decisions.


The maximum ampacity of underground circuits is determined by two thermal limiting conditions: thermal aging of the electrical insulation, and the thermal limitations of backfill material to maintain good heat transfer properties. To improve the ampacity of cable, research must be undertaken in two distinct areas: to improve thermal properties of dielectric materials, and improve the thermal stability of back- fill. This latter area is being addressed under the EPRI soils research program. Increased safe loading criteria by increased confidence in soil thermal behavior and accurate measurement techniques should be a benefit from the program. Advanced instrumentation research is being conducted by Ontario Hydro. The objectives are to characterize soil thermal stability, develop in-situ measurement equipment for determining thermal resistivity (p) thermal diffusivity (D) and stability and to gather historical weather data that will reduce cable operation safety limits. Improvement in thermal stability of backfill is being pursued through research on chemical additives at the University of California. Two types of additives were investigated: water absorbing compounds and those that are substitutes for retaining water between soil particles. Another objective of this project is to develop analytical methods for computing temperature and moisture distribution around buried cable in two or three dimensions.


The recently introduced reconciliation of the theories of special relativity and wave mechanics implies that the mass-energy equivalence principle must be expressed mathematically as H = mv^2, where H is the total energy of a particle, m is its relativistic mass, and v is its velocity; not H = mc^2 as was widely believed. In this paper, the equation H = mv^2 will be used to calculate the energy levels in the spectrum of the hydrogen atom. It is demonstrated that the well-known Sommerfeld-Dirac formula is still obtained, but without the constant term m_0 c^2 that was originally present in the formula.


The phase equilibria and saturated density for the ethylene + 2-propanol system at high pressures were measured at 283.65 K with a static-circulation apparatus. The experimental apparatus equipped with three Anton Paar DMA 512S vibrating tube density meters was previously developed to measure vapor−liquid−liquid equilibrium at high pressures. The coexisting phase composition and saturated density of each phase can be measured by means of the apparatus with a maximum temperature and pressure of 400 K and 20 MPa, respectively. The equilibrium composition and saturated density of each phase were determined by gas chromatography and vibrating-tube density meters, respectively. The experimental data were correlated with various equations of state.


Field plot experiments were applied to study the rice tillering number, leaf area index (LAI), photosynthesis rate (P n ), irrigation amount, grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of rice and rainfall utilization ratio through water storage and control irrigation. Results showed that the combination of moderate drought and shallow water storage after raining could bring compensation effect, and hence increase the tiller number and LAI and enhance P n . Compared with conventional irrigation (CK), the grain yield was increased by 10.7-16.1%, the irrigation water amount was reduced by 21.337.1%, and the WUE was improved by 17.5-22.4%. On the other hand, as for the treatment of heavy drought combined with severe flooding, LAI and P n were apparently restrained and could not resume to the level of CK during the late growth stage, and subsequently the grain yield was reduced by 17.7-19.6%, and the rainfall utilization was increased by 12-33%. Results indicated that the field water should be properly regulated to avoid the alternation of heavy drought and severe flooding. For the light drought treatment, the depth of the water storage after raining during the tillering stage should be controlled between 100 and 150 mm, and the depth of the water storage after raining for jointing-booting stage and heading to flowering stage should be controlled within 200 mm. The research provides the scientific proof for the rainy district to establish a reasonable water regulating and controlling mode.


IntroductionNot only is the transition from childhood to adulthood a period of challenges for adolescents. It is also a time when risk behaviour such as delinquency and maladaptive behaviour is commonly manifested by them. According to Catalano et al. (1) and Shek and Sun (2), one possible strategy to promote and foster positive youth development qualities in adolescents is to promote positive youth development qualities such as bonding, resilience, social competence, emotional competence, cognitive competence, moral competence, self-determination, spirituality, self- efficacy, clear and positive identity, belief in the future, recognition for positive behaviour, opportunities for prosocial involvement, and prosocial norms (3). Of these 14 constructs, bonding might be regarded as a basic form of developmental asset as there are views suggesting that attachment functions as a central basis in childhood by offering the child sufficient love and security to grow and to explore the world confidently (4). As poor attachment was postulated to be causally linked to problem behavior (5,6), this paper attempts to explore the relationship between bonding and maladaptive behavior. Among the list of problem behaviors in adolescence, such as drug addiction and risk behavior, Internet addiction has become a growing problem due to the increasingly accessible Internet via computers and other electronic devices such as mobile phones. Besides, as there is a paucity of research studies that examined gender differences in the linkage between bonding and adolescent risk behaviour (7), this study focused on this gap in the scientific literature.Bonding as a positive youth development constructAccording to Lee and Lok (8), bonding refers to "the emotional attachment and commitment an individual makes to social relationships with parents, caregivers, siblings, peers, schoolmates, teachers, romantic partners, and other members of the community throughout the whole life cycle (p. 1)". There is a vast literature showing that social and emotional support in the family, interpersonal, school and community contexts that influence adolescent development (9- 12).The development of a social bond of attachment and commitment between an adolescent and the significant-others can influence the behaviour of young people (13). Specifically, social bond affects the individual by promoting behavior that is consistent with the beliefs and behavior held by the socializing agents in the socialization process (13). With respect to adolescents, having bonds with healthy peers and adults within one's social environment is especially important to their development. According to Hirschi's (14) social bonding theory, when youths are strongly bonded to their parents, peers and school, committed to conventional types of action, involved in traditional activities, and adhered to the moral values of society, they are less likely to demonstrate delinquency (15). In other words, healthy bonds with adults and peers in both intra- and extra-familial context serve as a protective factor for adolescents.Throughout their socialization process, children form social bonds with different units, including the family, school, peers, and the community (13). Forming bonds with healthy individuals within these units have various beneficial effects on youth development. For example, within the family unit, having good bonds with one's siblings by being behaviorally and emotionally close to them was found to promote less substance use (16). Similarly, having strong family bonds were also negatively related to the onset of "hard" drug use (17). Within the school unit, longitudinal studies conducted by Catalano et al. (13) revealed that strong school bonding was associated with less alcohol, tobacco and drug use, and delinquent behaviour such as gang membership and school dropout; it also had positive effects on academic performance and social competence. Furthermore, high school students were less likely to be involved in assaults, delinquency and pubic disturbance if they had high levels of social bonds (15). …


Many children with cerebral palsy (CP) are born with typical bones but develop bone deformities during growth due to abnormal bony loadings caused by their pathological gait pattern [1, 2]. While Botulinum toxin A (BTX) injections are planned to reduce spasticity [3], their impact on musculoskeletal loadings and bone growth remains unclear. Hence, in this study we used a multiscale modeling approach to investigate the impact of BTX injection on musculoskeletal loading and femoral bone growth.


By solving Brown's Fokker-Planck equation numerically with the spherical harmonics, the magnetization reversal of a single-domain particle in a field at an oblique angle up to 45° to the easy axis is investigated. Different from the usual definition, the switching time is defined as the time when the averaged z component of the magnetization reaches 90% of its final value. The switching times of the particle under various conditions are calculated. When the oblique angle of the field is 30°−45° and its magnitude is larger than the Stoner-Wohlfarth limit (Hsw), the switching time is dependent slightly on the oblique angle and magnitude of the field, and the temperature. For the oblique angle of 5°, the switching time depends largely on the magnitude of the field and the temperature. When the magnitude of the field is less than Hsw, the switching time is dependent largely on the oblique angle and the temperature. Effects of the damping constant are also studied.


Goal. Find out the cause of unsatisfactory treatment outcomes in patients with destructive forms of erysipelas.
Materials and methods. Retrospectively and prospectively analyzed 284 case histories of patients who were hospitalized in the center of purulent - septic surgery KNP "City Hospital G3" Zaporizhzhia for the period 2016-2022.
Results. It was found that most often the local focus was localized on the upper and lower extremities. The most common clinical manifestations of intoxication in bullous and phlegmonous forms of erysipelas were: general weakness, hyperthermia, muscle pain. In the necrotic form of erysipelas, patients showed signs of severe intoxication with nausea, vomiting and confusion. In the complex treatment of patients with erysipelas, the main place belongs to the early surgical treatment of the area of the pathological process and antibiotic therapy (ABT).
Conclusions. Radical surgery and timely targeted ABT are key elements of success in the treatment of surgical forms of erysipelas and are not subject to revision. The main causes of unsatisfactory consequences in patients with erysipelas are: late referral of patients to the hospital, aggravation of the disease at the time of hospitalization by septic shock and multiple organ failure, severe decompensated comorbidities.


The mechanics properties and fracture behaviors of 6061 aluminum alloy were investigated by the tensile shear tests and in-situ tensile shear tests with tensile shear specimen devised.The FEM software ABAQUS can be used to describe the fracture behaviors of 6061 aluminum alloy under shear stress states.The results indicate that with increasing the shear strain rates,the shear yield stress and shear ultimate stress of 6061 aluminum alloy remain constant basically,while the shear fracture strain obviously decreases.The shear strain rates have no influence on the fracture surfaces.A lot of slip bands paralleling to the tensile direction are produced on the specimens' surfaces.The grain boundaries of 6061 aluminum alloy are the weakest area,and the microcracks initiate at the slip bands and grain boundaries parallel to the tensile direction under shear stress.With increasing the shear stress,the microcracks extend and coalesce.The specimens fracture due to coalescence or shearing between the microcracks.The Johnson-Cook model can be used to describe the fracture behaviors of 6061 aluminum alloy under shear stress states.


This review deals with factors and mechanisms involved in sarcoma development upon implantation of chemically inert foreign bodies. The topic is of importance regarding cancer in asbestosis or schistosomiasis, and also in view of increasing ise of artificial implants. After detailing morphological and biological characteristics of foreign body-induced sarcomas in man and animals, the review focuses on specific properties of implants and experimental animals which determine or influence tumor incidence and latency. Included are surface properties, size and shape of implants, and species characteristics, sex, and genetic background of animals. It follows a description of recent etiologic research which has evealed foreign body tumorigenesis as a multistage developmental process. Some of the salient features are monoclonal forigin from mesenchymal stem cells of the micro-vasculature; origination of neoplastic destination and specific tumor leterminants in cells distant from the implant during the earliest st...


Travancore got the credit for conducting elections on the basis of universal adult suffrage for the first time in an Indian State. But it also marked the dawn of political power games, indicative of the fact that it was the dress rehearsal of democracy and popular governance in Kerala. The Royal proclamation issued on 4 September 1947 was a landmark in the formation of popular governments in Travancore and for that matter in modern Kerala. In this proclamation the Maharaja declared the formation of a Constituent Assembly on the basis of universal adult franchise. Accordingly, election was held to 120 constituencies during February 1948. The Congress won 97 seats, the maximum number. The Tamil Nadu Congress won 14 seats while the Muslim League got 8 seats. One seat was won by an Independent. The first session of the Assembly on 20 March 1948 elected A. J. John as the President1. Considering popular pulse, the Maharaja declared it a Legislative Assembly on 24 March 1948. Consequently the Assembly decided to form an interim government for Travancore. Reserving certain departments, the Maharaja had no other way but to hand over the administration to the interim government. A three member Cabinet consisting of Pattom Thanu Pillai as Chief Minister with C. Kesavan and T. M. Varghese as ministers was sworn in on 24 March19482. The formation of Travancore Constituent Assembly was remarkable in many respects. It marked the death knell of monarchy and the dawn of democracy.


The Bakircay and Ulutas Cu–Mo prospects represent the first occurrences of porphyry mineralization to be described in Turkey.Differences observed in the two prospects in terms of hydrothermal alteration (in particular, alteration overprinting), igneous textures, abundance of xenoliths, breccia phenomena, and style and intensity of fracturing may relate to different levels of exposure within a model porphyry system, Bakircay representing the deep root zone of such a system and Ulutas reflecting much higher levels close to the apex of such a system, or may simply reflect different levels of emplacement.The alteration assemblages present at the Bakircay prospect lend themselves to a geochemical study of the temporal variations in the hydrothermal fluids responsible for single- and multiple-stage alteration–mineralization. The chemical changes involved during single-stage potassic alteration are related to amphibole breakdown and the deposition of hydrothermal biotite (and chalcopyrite). These changes are man...


This book presents philosophical issues related to the aims and methods of artificial intelligence (AI) research. Although it is introductory and assumes virtually no background knowledge of either philosophy or AI, it introduces and analyzes important foundational issues of AI. It is a text-book, but is suitable for a broad audience of readers who are interested in these foundational issues. Since most of these issues also pertain to the foundations of cognitive science, the book will be useful to readers interested in this interdisciplinary field. I will assume that the readers of this journal have general familiarity with the main topics covered in the book, including the Turing Test and John Searle's "Chinese Room Argument."


Within this study the seismic performance of reinforced concrete frame buildings subjected to cyclic bending has been assessed. Outlooking to a general methodology of the author to assess post-damage repair versus preventive retrofit costs, damage in following cases has been considered: unretrofitted building; retrofit of undamaged and previously damaged building. The innovative part lies in the stressstrain based approach applied to models of building size. Such an analysis allows not only description of failure mode and determination of limit states eventually reached by the building, but also the specific determination of the number and position of structural members suffering different types of damage. This kind of output can build the input for interdisciplinary studies, like the economic study mentioned above. The motivation for the study has been to develop measurable criteria to assess the benefit of retrofit measures on buildings in historic context, of use for cost-benefit analysises, from structural point of view. The stress-strain based approach permits assessment of predicted damage according to European Macroseismic Scale. To determine the impacts of strong ground motion on a certain building types, several kinds of analysis have been applied, first to simple models at laboratory scale, then to progressively complicated models, from regular frame structures, to real buildings: static pushover curve; displacement based dynamic time-history; stress-strain approach based on the dynamic time-history. Several computer tools, including fibre based finite elements, spread sheet and database programs have been used. Criteria to survey characteristics of building stock to construct such models are also presented. The general validity of the prediction has been studied extensively, comparing the computed damages types with real ones and proved to be close to reality. For this purpose a matrix of damages suffered by typical buildings, developed by the author, has been used. The pathology described is supported by sketches.


The following rather curious and unsuspected phenomenon was encountered in connection with the intravenous injection of an extract of rabbit brain into the ear vein of the rabbit. This tissue had been thoroughly macerated in physiological salt solution and allowed to stand for two hours at 37°C. The mixture was centrifuged, the supernatant liquid withdrawn and injected in 2 cc. amounts. The rabbits died within from two to three minutes without outward manifestation of violent symptoms such as one sees in anaphylactic shock. The rabbit dies as if all its vital functions were suddenly overwhelmed. Autopsy showed no distinguishing characteristics beyond a greatly engorged liver.
 We were inclined at first to believe that death resulted from mechanical obstruction of the blood stream as it was impossible to centrifuge the macerated brain mixture free from finely suspended particles. This assumption was strengthened by the fact that the material when passed through a Berkefeld filter proved non-"toxic" for the rabbit even when injected in 10 cc. amounts.


Ti-DBS-LDHs were fleetly prepared by the technology of the microwave-crystallization and low saturated state of coprecipitation. The purposed samples were characterized by XRD and SEM. The results show that the synthesized Ti-DBS-LDHs with the slice layer have the structure of LDHs, indicating their preparations are successful under microwave irradiation. Ti-DBS-LDHs was then applied to the decolorization of malachite green (MG). The effects of Ti/Mg molar ratio, MG concentration, catalyst dosage, dye type and circle life on the decolorization were investigated. It is shown the percentage of decolorization can reach 100% under the optimum conditions. In addition, Ti-DBS-LDHs was reusable, the average decolorization percentage of 89.37% could be obtained, the decolorization performance was stable after 3 times usage without significant loss of its decolorization activity. Therefore, Ti- DBS-LDHs is a novel and efficient photocatalyst for the decolorization of MG.


I discuss recent experiments on the heavy fermion superconductor U_(1-x) Th_xBe_(13), with an emphasis on the effects of pressure, magnetic field, and the manifestations of broken time
reversal symmetry. I attempt to place the double transition for 0.018 < x < 0.045 within the context of results on the more intensively studied UPt_3. The evidence is strong for multiple superconducting phases with different symmetries in both materials, but the roles played by impurities, crystal symmetry, and the proximity to magnetic order lead to important physical distinctions.


Electron-deficient olefins add to thioenone 1 upon m* excitation. Cycloaddition occurs to the thiocarbonyl
chromophore preferentially from the less-hindered side to yield thietanes. Thietane formation is stereospecific
and regioselective. This addition has been inferred to originate from the second excited singlet, S2(?rx*), state.
The exciplex intermediacy has been inferred from the dependence of the fluorescence quenching rate constant
on the electron-acceptor properties of the olefin. The observed site specificity and regioselectivity are rationalized on the basis of PMO theory. The observed photochemical behavior of thioenone is different from that of enones.


The Italian Law 40/2004 regulates assisted reproduction technology; it states that no more than three embryos must be created at any one time; that all the embryos created must be transferred together, and that embryo cryopreservation is forbidden. Six years after its promulgation, the debate over this issue is still heated. On 8 May 2009, the Italian Constitutional Court declared that some parts of the law are unconstitutional. The article highlights the key points of the law and their implications, underlining the importance of coming to an agreement between the parties to the case, with the final aim of protecting both women's and children's health.


In recent years,with the requirement of the implementation of the strategy through science and education and the popular of higher education of CPC Central Committee and State Council,our society needs comprehensive talents.Higher education must adapt to this social demand,and most of the current teachers in institutions of higher learning are young teachers.Their ability is very poor,and it is difficult to answer actual project questions raised by students.It will have a direct impact on the quality of personnel training.In this new era,the strength of young college teachers' practical ability has become very urgent.


The paper provides a retrospective analysis of the development of Russian higher education paradigms in the post-Soviet period. For this purpose the author examines historical preconditions of changes in basic scientific theories and the concepts of higher education reforming in the Russian Federation, comments on the approaches to the paradigms implementation used in different historical periods from 1990 to 2000 as well as gives account of their influence on the quality of normative and curricula documentation, the level of specialists' competence and the process of reforming of the higher education system.


In a 1995 article in Journal of Conflict Resolution, Kinsella and Tillema argued that, between 1948 and 1991, American arms transfers to Israel exercised a restraining influence on both Israel and its Arab rivals, whereas Soviet transfers to Egypt and Syria tended to destabilize the region. This article reexamines Kinsella and Tillema's Poisson results by applying a more sophisticated statistical method to their data set. Using a multiplicative Poisson model that allows for variation in the coefficients depending on a metrical reference variable, the authors show how the impact of superpower activity on Middle Eastern interventions has changed with the influx of weaponry. They confirm that U.S. arms transfers decreased the likelihood of military intervention in the region, whereas Soviet supplies did not affect it. Contrary to Kinsella and Tillema, however, the authors show that the stabilizing effect of arms transfers clearly decreases with the total amount of armaments supplied to the region.


RESUME Abstracts / Resumes 650s / Resumes 650 © 2000 NRC Canada The taxonomy of animal developmental control genes revealed by the first complete animal


Abstract This paper explores the role of Civil War heritage in U.S. public diplomacy during the Cold War era. Especially during the celebration of the Civil War's centennial, between 1961 and 1965, the Americans endeavoured to harness the conflict's heritage to promote U.S. interests in Europe. How they intended to do this is demonstrated primarily through an examination of Colonel Sidney Morgan's mission to Europe to find how the commemoration of the Civil War could be used for public diplomacy. Additionally, by exploring how Civil War heritage was spread and used in the British public sphere, the paper examines and underlines the key role saved to unofficial cultural agents, such as Civil War re-enactment clubs and private people, in heritage diplomacy. The focus on unofficial agents and networks enable this study to show how heritage diplomacy works at the un-institutionalised level and to explore the interaction between the official and unofficial level in heritage diplomacy. The historical perspective and methodology cast new light on the use of history, historical memory and heritage for diplomatic ends and introduces both historians and heritage scholars with new avenues to explore, such as the role of memory and historical consciousness in shaping international relations.


The paper first assesses the criteria for dividing the numerous and various photovoltaic (PV) applications into homogeneous categories. With respect to these, a detailed analysis of the market is thus carried out to identify the main market sectors and their respective dynamics. Four application areas have been singled out as market segments and, by separating them from disturbance factors such as government commissions, the relevant evolution has been determined for each one. All these provide a comprehensive description of the present PV commercial diffusion and yield useful indications of the next growth stage. According to the state of PV research and development, the results obtained show that, in the near term, radical changes in the market trend can be excluded, but nevertheless the present stable expansion will be roughly maintained.


Objective To validate urinary iodine (I) excretion and the simplified classification of goiter by palpation, comparing them with ultrasound of the thyroid gland as the gold standard, to identify endemic goiter in pregnant women.


7-Bromo-5,8-dimethylisoquinoline was selectively synthesized by the bromination of 5,8-dimethylisoquinoline obtained in five steps from p-xylene as a starting material. Further, 7-bromo-5,8-dimethylisoquinoline gave 7-amino-5,8-dimethylisoquinoline by the reaction with ammonia and various 7-anilino-5,8-dimethylisoquinolines via a palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction with anilines.


Engineering With Nature (EWN®) is a US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Initiative and Program that promotes more sustainable practices for delivering economic, environmental, and social benefits through collaborative processes. As the number and variety of EWN® projects continue to grow and evolve, there is an increasing opportunity to improve how to quantify their benefits and communicate them to the public. Recent advancements in remote sensing technologies are significant for EWN® because they can provide project-relevant detail across a large areal extent, in which traditional survey methods may be complex due to site access limitations. These technologies encompass a suite of spatial and temporal data collection and processing techniques used to characterize Earth's surface properties and conditions that would otherwise be difficult to assess. This document aims to describe the general underpinnings and utility of remote sensing technologies and applications for use: (1) in specific phases of the EWN® project life cycle; (2) with specific EWN® project types; and (3) in the quantification and assessment of project implementation, performance, and benefits.


Investigators have suggested several internal noises that affect absolute thresholds (e.g., heart sounds, circulatory pulsations, muscle tremors). Furthermore, it has been suggested that blood flow may modulate aural noise in the external canal. Since mental blood vessels cannot expand outward due to bone encasing the canal, an inward expansion is suggested which induces an increase in aural noise by decreasing mental volume under the earphone. In short, the meatal pulsation hypothesis (MPH) suggests a modulation of aural noise as a function of blood flow through the ear canal. This study examines the MPH under three conditions (tight and normal fitting supraaural cushions and an insert earmold) as a function of the cardiac cycle. Three dependent measures were obtained, viz., EKG, blood flow at the earlobe, and pressure changes within the ear canal (positive pressure indicating, according to the MPH, an inward expansion of the blood vessels). The EKG R‐wave keyed a signal averaging computer which in turn ...


Adult Education. By HOM-ER KEMPFER. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1955. Pp. ix+433. $5.50. An American Architecture. By FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT. New York: Horizon Press, 1955. Pp. 272. $10.00. The American Bibliography of Charles Evans: A Chronological Dictionary of All Books, Pamphlets, and Periodical Publications, Vol. XIII: 17991800. By CLIFFORD K. SHIPTON. Worcester, Mass.: American Antiquarian Society, 1955. Pp. xiii+349. American Men of Science: A Biographical Directory, Vol. II: Biological Sciences. Edited by JAQUES CATTELL. 9th ed. Lancester, Pa.: Science Press; New York: R. R. Bowker Co., 1955. Pp. 1276. $20.00. Ancient Education. By WILLIAM A. SMITH. New York: Philosophical Library, 1955. Pp. xii+309. $3.75. "Die Anfange des Kolner Buchdrucks." By SEVERIN CORSTEN. ("Arbeiten aus dem BibliothekarLehrinstitut des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen," No. 8.) Cologne: Greven Verlag, 1955. Pp. 98. (Lithoprinted.) Archiv fur Druck und Papier, Vol. I, Nos. 1 and 2. Berlin: Buchund Druckgewerbe Verlag KG., 1955. Annual subscription, four issues, $8.00, DM. 30, or ?3/. "A Baptist Bibliography: Being a Register of Printed Material by and about Baptists; Including Works Written against the Baptists," Vol. IV: "Section CColby." Edited by EDWARD C. STARR. Chester, Pa.: American Baptist Historical Society, 1954. Pp. 267+xii+27. $4.00. (Mimeographed.) A Bibliography of Bibliographies in Religion. By JOHN G. BARROW. Ann Arbor, Mich.: Edwards Brothers, Inc., 1955. Pp. xi+489. $15.00. A Bibliography of Bibliographies of the South Pacific. By IDA LEESON. New York: Oxford University Press, 1955. Pp. x+61. $1.95. A Bibliography of Indiana Imprints, 1804-1853. By CECIL K. BYRD and HOWARD H. PECKHAM. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Bureau, 1955. Pp. xxi+479. $10.00. Bibliography on tlhe Commntunist Problem in the United States. New York: Fund for the Republic, Inc., 1955. Pp. xiii+474. $10.00. Bibliotheca Van Der Linde-Niemeijeriana: A Catalogue of the Chess Collection in the Royal Library, The Hague. The Hague: Royal Library, 1955. Pp xi+342. 9.50 guilders. (Available from Martinus Niihoff, Lange Voorhout 9. The Hague.) "Les Biblioth eques Ptolm6ennes D'Alexandrie." By H. J. DE VLEESCHAUWER. ("Mousaion," No. 1.) Pretoria: University of South Africa, 1955. Pp. 40. 3/per copy; 15/6 for six numbers. (Mimeographed.) Bookmen's Bedlam: An Olio of Literary Oddities. By WALTER HART BLUMENTHAL. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1955. Pp. xi+ 273. $5.00. Books in Your School. By H. C. DENT. (Published for the National Book League.) New York: Cambridge University Press, 1955. Pp. 31. $0.50. British East Africa: Official Standard Names Approved by the United States Board on Geographic Names. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1955. Pp. 601. $2.75. (Available from Superintendent of Documents.) British Manuscripts Project: A Checklist of the Microfilms Prepared in England and Wales for the American Council of Learned Societies, 1941-1945. Compiled by LESTER K. BORN. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1955. Pp. xvii+179. $2.00. (Available from Photoduplication Service, Library of Congress.) The Business Enterprise as a Subject for Research. Prepared by HOWARD R. BOWEN. ("Social Science Research Council Pamphlet," No. 11.) New York: Social Science Research Council, 1955. Pp). viii+103. $1.25. Catalogus der Niet-Nederlandse Drukken: 1500-1540. By DR. R. PENNINK. The Hague: Royal Library, 1955. Pp. xviii+267. 20 guilders. (Available from Martinus Nijhoff, Lange Voorhout 9, The Hague.) A Check List of Legislative Journals Issued since 1937 by the States of the United States of America. Compiled by WILLIAM R. PULLEN. Chicago: American Library Association, 1955. Pp. 59. $2.00. A Classificationfor Medical and Veterinary Libraries. By CYRIL C. BARNARD. 2d ed. London: H. K. Lewis & Co. Ltd., 1955. Pp. viii+279. ?4 4s. Classification for AMedical Literature. By EILEEN R. CUNNINGHAM with the collaboration of ELEANOR G. STEINKE. 4th rev. and enl. ed. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press, 1955. Pp. xix+164. $2.75. The Classified List of Reference Books and Periodicals for College Libraries. Edited by W. STANLEY HOOLE. 3d ed. Atlanta: Southern Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools, 1955. Pp. xi+ 227. Codex Argenteus: The Silver Bible at Uppsala. By


Supported from theory and method of model test,on the background of prototype of foundation pit in star-electric apartment of Changsha,through similar model test of prototype,this paper studied the function mechanism of soil nailing in the bad geological,announced some regularity factors among them,offered valuable guidance and reference for protecting designing,constructing of similar project in theory.


In the last 15 years, the experimental investigation of the behavioral effects of an organism's early environment has been extended to include the prenatal period. Studies of the influence of events in the maternal environment during pregnancy on the unborn offspring have covered a wide range of agents: x rays, drugs, and hormones, and a wide variety of stressors have been shown to be capable of affecting the behavior of offspring, as well as (in some cases) their physical development, viability, and morbidity. Despite the relatively large amount of experimental evidence that is available, it is possible to provide few definitive statements of the effects of prenatal agents on the emotionality (or other behavior) of offspring. This appears to be due to a failure to recognize, in the manner in which experiments are designed and assessed, that behavior is complexly and multidetermined. The statement that behavior is determined by a multitude of complexly interacting events is a widely recognized truism, but it is one that appears, in most cases, to receive little more than lip-service when experiments are undertaken on the prenatal determinants of behavior. The kinds of influences that are often neglected are ones occurring in the immediate postnatal periodhence the need to consider perinatal determinants of emotionality. The methodological issues raised by these considerations are not only central to adequate experimentation on prenatal determinants of behavior, but are also relevant to investigations of genetic and postnatal environmental influences. The present paper considers the methodological issues concerned with postnatal factors that affect behavior insofar as these are likely to arise in investigations of prenatal influences, then summarizes the prenatal factors that appear to affect emotionality, and, finally, draws attention to the limitations placed on generalizing from such experiments by the variability of the effects detected according to the maternal and offspring genotypes.


The purpose on this study was to propose a work stress intervention for the companies Petroindustrial and Alfa Gres. According to the latest results in witch was applicate the battery of psychosocial risks of the ministry of labor in the company Petroindustrial and Alfa Gres. Yielded a percentage of the 33% and 35% of their worker's present symptoms of stress. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate an intervention plan for prevent and stress management in both companies, with the aim of improving.


Between January 2018 and May 2019, 349 cases of Candida auris were reported in the European Union/European Economic Area*, 257 (73.6%) colonisations, 84 (24.1%) bloodstream infections, seven (2.0%) other infections and one case of unknown infection/colonisation status (0.3%). Most cases (97.1%, n = 339) were reported from Spain or the United Kingdom, but also for the first time in Greece, the Netherlands and Poland. Laboratory capacity and preparedness has improved since January 2018.