Background: CHARGE syndrome is a genetic disorder with autosomal dominant pattern. The term "CHARGE" is an acronym created to describe clusters of birth defects recognized in children. Typically causes the following abnormalities: coloboma, heart defects, atresia choanae, growth retardation, genital abnormalities and ear abnormalities. Diagnosis: This case report highlights the importance of detailed diagnosis and schemed treatment planning for this complex case of a 12-year-old male patient presented with CHARGE syndrome. This was complicated by a complete unilateral cleft lip and palate, resulting in a narrow hypoplastic maxilla, prognathic mandible, anterior open bite, concave profile, reduced incisal display and missing maxillary lateral incisors and right central incisor. Purpose/treatment plan: The purposes of comprehensive management of a such complex case is to establish an optimal functional and esthetic result by early adulthood. Due to the severity of the skeletal discrepancy, a combination of orthodontics and surgical approach was chosen to be the line of treatment. Methods/ treatment progress: After expanding the maxillary arch, alveolar bone grafting was done to facilitate teeth movement near the cleft site and space closure of the missing teeth with maxillary right canine, right first premolar and left canine substituting the right central and lateral incisors, and left lateral incisor, respectively. Maxillary and mandibular teeth were bonded in the operating room (OR), where fixed pre-adjusted orthodontic appliance Abstract Methods: A retrospective review of a prospectively gathered database was performed to identify patients with RS that underwent MDO at our institution from March 2007 to June 2020. We included all infants who did not exhibit FND, had early resolution of FND, or had at least 3 months follow-up after device removal. Basic demographic data and factors potentially related to FND were documented, including onset, laterality, time to resolution, and incidence of long-term palsy. Results: 24 patients with RS were included in the analysis. 54.1% of patients were female and the majority of patients had an associated syndromic diagnosis (70.8%, n=17). Average age at the time of placement was 5.49 months. Mean latency, distraction and consolidation phase were 1.83 days, 23.16 days, and 75 days, respectively. FND was documented in 33.3% (n=8) of patients; all FND cases occurred during the distraction phase and involved the marginal mandibular branch, with one patient presenting with additional involvement of the zygomatic branch. Six patients (25%) experienced temporary FND that resolved at a mean of 123 days. Long-term FND persisted in 2 patients (8.3%) for a mean of 16.2 months after device removal. FND was not detected immediately following distractor placement/osteotomies, consolidation, or device removal. Conclusions: FND associated with MDO for infants with severe RS is not uncommon. Our study demonstrated that all cases of FND occurred during the active distraction phase, most likely due to stretch injury of the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve. While most cases of FND are transient, a small proportion of these complications are long-term. Future studies must aim to characterize risk factors for FND, as well as identify strategies for mitigating the risk of this adverse event. Purpose: The mendosal suture begins to close in-utero and joins the interparietal and inferior portions of the occipital bone. When persistently patent, infants may develop bathro-cephaly, a skull deformity recognized by an extrusive occipital bump on physical examination. The prevalence of a patent mendosal suture varies in the literature and can be misdiag-nosed as skull fractures in infants. This study documents the prevalence of mendosal suture patency in infants, and esti-mates the timing of normal suture fusion. Methods: A retrospective review of medical charts and computerized tomography (CT) scans of patients from 0 to 12 months of age who presented to the Emergency Department (ED) between 2010 to 2020 was performed. Patients with craniosynostosis, VP shunts, or syndromes associated with brain or cranial abnormalities were excluded. A panel of two craniofacial surgeons reviewed the CT scans for presence mendosal suture. Demographic information, medical history, prematurity, chief complaint, radiology report and percentage of mendosal patency was recorded. A descriptive analysis was used to summarize patency percentages according to age, and a prediction model was used to predict the timing of beginning of normal suture closure prenatally. Results: 234 patients (51.7% male) this was to analyze and management of in with diagnoses, a sizeable proportion of isolated CFM patients and VPI did not undergo therapy or surgical interventions. Background: The intoxicating effects of alcohol can impair judgement, hinder coordination, and predispose an individual to physical injury. In recent years, a substantive link between alcohol use and facial injuries has been established. Given that patients with facial injuries often require surgical intervention and suffer injury-related psychological distress, the authors to understand the characteristics of alcohol-involved facial injuries within the United States. Methods: The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System was queried for all facial fractures sustained in 2019, excluding patients younger than age 18. Demographic data, narrative descriptions of injuries, and information regarding the location and mechanism of injury were extracted analyzed. Results: 2,764 facial fracture reports (115,873 extrapolated national estimate) were identified in 2019. The average age of the cohort 56 (range 18-103), 1,193 women and The most common facial fractures identified were nasal bone (n=1,309; collecting data on 20 plastic surgery operations as part of the Continuous Certification (CC) process. These data a valuable tool to track national trends in clinical practice. The goal of this study was to describe national trends in craniosynostosis repair as they relate to Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) articles published during this timeframe. Methods: Cumulative tracer data for non-syndromic craniosynostosis was as of 2013 and March 2020 and compared with EBM articles published in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Topics were placed into three categories: (1) pearls, topics addressed in both the tracer data and EBM articles, (2) topics addressed in EBM articles but not collected in tracer data, and (3) topics addressed in tracer data but not EBM articles. Results: As of 2020, 940 of non-syndromic craniosynostosis The median age at time of transfusion at least units of packed red Purpose: The present study examines facial asymmetry at school age in children with unilateral coronal synostosis (UCS) who received either endoscopic strip craniectomy with helmet therapy (ESC) or fronto-orbital advancement (FOA) as their primary repair. This work compares outcomes within and between repair groups and examines whether asymmetry at this stage is associated with parent or physician-reported desire for secondary procedures. Methods: All patients with UCS born from 2000 to present with three-dimensional (3D) photographs taken between 3.5 and 8 years old were eligible. From the photos, 3 pairs of bilateral linear measurements and 2 angular measurements were taken: endocanthion to sellion; tragion to subnasale (midface depth); tragion to gnathion (lower face depth); nasal tip deviation (sellion to pronasale); and facial midline deviation (sellion to gnathion). Parent and physician desire for revision were collected from patient charts. Student's and Welch's t-tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank or Mann-Whitney U tests, Fisher's exact, and Spearman correlational analysis were performed as appropriate. Holm-Bonferroni correction was applied. Results: 35 of 146 patients with UCS qualified: 25 FOA and 10 ESC. Median age at primary repair in the ESC group was 3 months (range 2-4), and in the FOA group was 8 months (range 2-48). 3D images were taken at a median age of 5.8 Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic had multiple effects on the provision of health care, including the suspension of elective and non-essential surgeries. The objective of this study was to determine the early effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the surgical care of patients with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) at a high-volume cleft center. Methods: A retrospective comparative cohort study of patients with CL/P undergoing lip adhesion, cleft lip and nose repair, and palatoplasty before and during the pandemic was performed. The pandemic cohort included patients from March 2020 to August 2020. The pre-pandemic cohort included matched patients who underwent surgical repair during 2018 and 2019. Patients with submucosal cleft palates and those car-rying syndromic diagnoses were excluded from analysis. Results: There were 50 patients in the pre-pandemic cohort and 53 in the pandemic cohort. Mean age at lip adhesion was 3.1 ± 1.1 months pre-pandemic (n=8) and 3.5 ± 2.5 months in the pandemic cohort (n=8) (p = 0.75). One lip adhesion was delayed by 1.6 months. Mean age at cleft lip and nose repair was 6.6 ± 1.9 months pre-pandemic (n=23) and 8.0 ± 2.1 months in the pandemic cohort (n=23) (p = 0.03). Six pandemic cleft lip and nose repairs were delayed; the mean delay was 2.6 ± 1.8 months. The mean age at palatoplasty Abstract the pandemic continues, further delays may be expected while providers adapt to this rapidly evolving situation, especially in those practicing in resource-constrained health systems. This study emphasizes the importance of remaining vigilant regarding the care of this vulnerable population during this challenging time. Purpose: Surgical management of complications following primary pharyngoplasty is a complex problem faced by the cleft surgeon. While revision pharyngoplasty may be necessary in those with per


Abstract : Extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields at 45, 60, and 75 Hz, up to 2 Gauss and 100 Volts/meter were explored for possible effects on operant behavior of pigeons and rats. No reliable effects were seen on a temporal discrimination procedure in which pigeons had to respond differentially depending upon the duration of a stimulus. Detection was explored in both pigeons and rats by attempting to use ELF fields as discriminative or conditioned stimuli. No reliable indication of detection was found in either species. This result was further confirmed by a preference procedure using pigeons, the results of which indicated that ELF signals at the parameters studied had no reliable reinforcing or punishing properties. (Author)


The Mean Kinetic Temperature (MKT) concept is used to determine the storage and long term stability conditions of drug products in Colombia. It is considered that the value of 30°C fixed by I.C.H to our country should be reevaluated because of its climate conditions variability. Initially, to calculate the MKT, equations proposed by different authors are taken and applied to temperature data of Medellin. Subsequently, the MKT values for other five representative cities of the several climatic conditions of the country (Barranquilla, Barrancabermeja, Bogota, Neiva y Quibdo) are found by using the average, maximum and minimum temperature values reported monthly during the last 20 years in meteorological stations. Finally, the results are compared with those published in the ICH guideline. As a conclusion of this work, our country should fix its own storage conditions, because 30°C is insufficient to give a security margin that covers completely the extreme temperatures of all the national territory.


Typically, models of pipelines and pipe networks are calibrated to metered data by optimizing the choice of parameters according to some penalty function. This approach does not provide a natural way to assess the predictive uncertainty when these models are used to infer the presence and description of a leak. This paper describes a fully probabilistic approach in which the activities of calibration and prediction are unified, using the massimbalance approach to leak detection as an example. The resulting probability distribution over leak location and size can be presented graphically, or it can be used within an optimal decision framework to compute an effective response taking uncertainty into account. The approach is generalized to different leak-scenarios, which could include multiple leaks.


Software testing plays an important role to assure the quality of software and can be highly effective if performed rigorously. Studies found that testing can benefit from formal specification as it provides precise description of expected software behavior and most importantly, it is in a form that it can be manipulated easily for automation purpose. Grey-box testing approach usually based on knowledge obtains from specification and source code while seldom the design specification is concerned. In this study, an approach was described with an example of circular queue for testing a module with internal memory from its formal specification based on grey-box approach. However, in this research, we proposed a grey-box testing approach that uses the knowledge of design specification instead of source code. We utilized formal specifications that were documented using Parnas's Module Documentation (MD) method to generate test oracle and to execute the test. The MD provides the information of external and internal view of a module that is useful in our testing approach.


Objective To compare two continuous blood purification. Methods We compared the new substitutions used in our hospital with the Port's one by testing the electrolytes, glucose concentration and osmolarity in animals' or patients' blood before and during CBP. Results The glucose, calcium plasma concentration and the osmolarity of animal [(7.2±0.7)mmol/L, (2.3±0.2)mmol/L,(306.0±10.0)mOsm/L] and patients (11.1±3.8)mmol/L, (2.0±0.3)mmol/L,(325.0±7.0)mOsm/L,respectively]after using the new substitutions were quite different from those after using the new substitutions were quite different from those [animal,(14.2±1.0)mmol/L,(1.8±0.2)mmol/L,(317.0±8.0)mOsm/L, patients(16.7±3.8)mmol/L, (1.6±0.2)mmol/L,(333.0±8.0)mOsm/L,respectively]after using the old one at the same time point during CBP (P0.05). Conclusion The new substitution compositions may be better than the port's one in dominating the plasma concentration of glucose and calcium and plasma osmolarity.


The invention relates to a battery cover latching structure which is used for a portable electronic device comprising a battery cover and a body. The battery cover latching structure comprises a button, a mounting part arranged on the body and a clamping hole formed in the battery cover, wherein the button is slidably installed in the mounting part and can be released or clamped by the clamping hole, and the mounting part is provided with a through hole. The battery cover latching structure also comprises a cantilever beam which extends from the body into the through hole, wherein the cantilever beam flexibly abuts against the button to enable the button to slide and be clamped by the clamping hole or to be released from the clamping hole, so that the battery cover can be latched on the body or be opened relative to the body. The invention also provides a portable electronic device having the battery cover latching structure.


Surgical management of advanced coats' disease has always been a challenge to a surgeon. Various different techniques have been tried. With the advancement in surgical instruments and machines, surgeons are now modifying older surgical techniques. We have tried a novel minimally invasive surgical technique for the management of advanced coats' disease patient having high bullous exudative retinal detachment. Intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab at the end of the surgery has a role in such cases.


Triers. McCall emphasizes early that "the absence of nationwide ecclesiastical institutions has made it impossible for historian to gain a clear picture of what was happening in the more than 9,000 parishes of England and Wales" (3). Though there is an inherent difficulty when dealing with a variability in any historical model, the variability is what provides the necessity for this research. During the interregnum period, parishes were able to "shape their own modus operandi," so there was little outside interference by political or ministerial compulsions. As a result, a lack of ecclesiastical hierarchy allowed for parish clergy became even more central figures. One clear benefit of the collection is the evaluation that is provided not just to the ecclesiastical disruptions but also to the social and cultural effects the such reactive changes produced. One of the interesting common features that McCall notes is the "dismay of idealistic young ministers at the level of ignorance and apathy they encountered in a rural parish" (5). There were many testimonies of young minsters who complained about their parishioners being either ignorant or indifferent to liturgical expectations or even getting their children or servants catechized. Such frustrations, as McCall points out, led to greater ministerial focus on the godly few than the majority of parishioners. Such areas of inclusion not only allow for greater focus on the church during the interregnum period, but it also leads into significant areas of understanding when considering the secular progressions that led to the Restoration Period. The collection does a good job of highlighting the underlying tension that was produced by the emergence of religious plurality. Though the footprint of social conformity under uniform religious practice still remained residual, the strict hierarchy that once existed during the monarchy was replaced with a more tolerant Cromwellian allowance which permitted a greater "religious localism" within the operation of patronage (15). And it is within these minor, but important, distinctions that McCall's collection excels, because the accrual of these distinctions eventually present more substantial. For instance, McCall observes how parishes were more willing to accept state funding during this time and how the willingness of service and enthusiasm diminished into "one that made accommodation remarkably easy" (16). Due to the political and social disruptions that resulted from the English Civil War, religious uniformity experienced a breakdown where a variance of innovation and a modularized discretion became possible. This significant change was accepted by some parishioners, while others had a difficult time acclimating. McCall focuses on both the disruptions and the impact it had on such idealizations. Thus, the importance of Church and People in Interregnum Britain is that is provides a nuanced analysis of Cromwell's England. As a result, religious scholars, military historians, and public historians would be interested in the collection.


Currently, there is a broad range of alternatives to automotive fuels and technologies accessible on the market. Nevertheless, the complex feature of ecological effects triggered by each alternative prevents customers or managers from finding the most appropriate option. Even politicians may have issues with respect to comparative benefits of cleaner alternatives and their comparative impact on fuel and car cycles. For this reason, the aim of current article is to estimate the ecological effects of automobile fuels and accessible technologies on the environment throughout the life cycle, as well as to collate cleaner alternatives with one another, along with the main stream fuel technologies. The results of this research provide suggestions for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the road transport in the Republic of Azerbaijan.


The socialist concept of honors and disgraces with "Eight Dos,Eight Don'ts" as its main content is the distillation and sublimation of Chinese traditional virtues.With a fresh zeitgeist and a strong practical purpose,it provides a clear direction in which we shall build college students' ideology and morality.It goes without saying that colleges,as,a significant field for the promotion of the socialist ideal of honors and disgraces,should carry out and develop the socialist ideal in the front line.They shall gradually establish and perfect the operational system for learning schedules,exercising methods,motivation measurement and overall coordination to promote the socialist ideal of honors and disgraces.


A new Monte Carlo (MC) simulation code has been developed to describe the spectra of not only continuous X-rays but also characteristic X-rays. The simulation code is developed using the Kirkpatrick-Wiedmann-Statham equation and the formulae derived by Casnati and Gryzinski to describe generations of continuous X-rays and characteristic X-rays, respectively. The results indicate that a series of experimental X-ray spectra from W films of different thickness on Cu substrates have been reproduced by the present MC simulation with considerable success. A practical application for designing the optimum construction of a rotor-type X-ray source is also presented.


, Abstract Background— Tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF- α ), a cytotoxic cytokine, induces endothelial cell barrier dysfunction and microvascular hyperpermeability leading to tissue edema, a hall mark of traumatic injuries. The objective of this study was to determine if Bcl-xL, an anti-apoptotic protein, would regulate and protect against TNF- α -mediated endothelial cell barrier dysfunction and microvascular hyperpermeability. Methods— Rat lung microvascular endothelial cells (RLMECs) were grown as monolayers on Transwell membranes, and FITC-albumin-flux (5mg/ml) across the monolayer was measured fluorometrically to indicate change in monolayer permeability. The RLMEC adherens junctional integrity and actin cytoskeleton were studied by β -catenin immunofluorescence, and using rhodamine phalloidin dye, respectively. Pretreatment of caspase-8 inhibitor (Z-IETD-FMK, 100 μ M) for 1 hour and transfection of BID siRNA (10 μ M) for 48 hours, were performed to study their respective effects on TNF- α -induced (10ng/ml; 1 hour treatment) monolayer permeability. Recombinant Bcl-xL protein (2.5 μ g/ml) was transfected in RLMECs for 1 hour, and its effect on permeability was demonstrated using permeability assay. Caspase-3 activity was assayed fluorometrically. Results— Z-IETD-FMK pretreatment protected the adherens junctions and decreased TNF- α induced monolayer hyperpermeability. BID siRNA transfection attenuated TNF- α -induced increase in monolayer permeability. Recombinant Bcl-xL protein showed protection against TNF-α -induced actin stress fiber formation, an increase in caspase-3 activity, and monolayer hyperpermeability. Conclusions— Our results demonstrate protective effects of recombinant Bcl-xL protein against TNF- α -induced endothelial cell adherens junction damage and microvascular endothelial cell hyperpermeability. These findings support the potential for Bcl-xL-based drug development against microvascular hyperpermeability and tissue edema.


Introduction: Dengue is a mosquito-borne infection most important in the world. The infant population is more susceptible to infection. In the early stage of the disease the symptoms are indistinguishable from others acute febrile syndromes, a situation that makes it complex, slow and little sensitive the clinical diagnosis in the acute phase of illness. The tourniquet test is used as a classification criterion to define the severity of dengue hemorrhagic fever by the World Health Organization and could be used in the differential diagnosis of dengue. Objective: To evaluate in children the operational characteristics of the tourniquet test in the differential diagnosis of dengue from acute febrile other syndromes. Methods: Between June 2006 and April 2008 were included patients between two and 12 years, who had a fever without apparent source in the emergency department. Were evaluated by a standardized physical examination with the tourniquet test. We calculated the sensibility, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative (NPV) to the test. Results: 129 patients were captured and 66 dengue cases were diagnosed. The tourniquet test had a sensitivity of 60.6% (95% CI = 48.8-72.4), specificity 55.9% (95% CI = 43.3-68.6), PPV 60.6% (95% CI = 48.8-72.4) and NPV 55.9%. (95% CI = 43.3-68.6). The result of the test was associated with tourniquet tolerance time (p <0.001). Conclusions: The tourniquet test by itself is not useful as a clinical tool to differentiate dengue from other febrile syndromes in children between two and 12 years in endemic areas.


This chapter provides strategies for music educators to foster effective dialogue with evaluators and administrators in the teacher evaluation process. First, it describes the key components of teacher evaluation discussions, including the feedback, the rules and procedures required of teacher evaluation systems, and the evaluator's and music teacher's expectations and pressures. Second, the chapter provides advice for preparing for meetings, including the types of questions to anticipate and how to tailor answers to those questions depending on different evaluators. Next, it provides a framework for listening to and responding to feedback effectively and constructively during meetings. The chapter concludes with a description of the steps music teachers can take after meetings to spark professional growth and maintain communication with evaluators. These include immediately implementing feedback, reporting the results, and continuing dialogue to further professional growth.


I read Aleksandr Nikitenko's article "To Each According to His Labor" in the April issue of our journal very carefully. His proposals evoked nothing but bewilderment in me. I'm convinced that many teachers will share my point of view. There is only one thing I agree on: It is necessary to search for ways to improve the quality of the teacher's work and the salary he is paid. This is why we are hearing increasingly louder voices demanding radical changes in the material support given to schools and to teachers. But Nikitenko's proposals in "To Each According to His Labor" give rise to objections. It is essential to argue vigorously against these proposals. They are all the more dangerous in that the author believes it is possible to implement them almost immediately. But in my opinion this cannot be permitted under any circumstances! I have no doubt that this reformer of teachers' salaries is motivated by the noblest of intentions. Who, after all, could object to the principle of "to each according to his ...


Summarized are recent advances in reversed phase column extraction chromatography of inorganic substances. The discussion centers on the practical application of the procedure to separate lanthanides and transplutonium elements as well as to separate lanthanides from transplutonium elements. Also discussed are separation and purification of actinides, separation of uranium from its fission products, and separation of other metals as well as nonmetals. (HBG)


Abstract Although chinese yam plants are an important crop in Japan, relatively little is known about their content of the organic constituents. IZAWA and NATAKE (1,2,3) showed some aspects of the effect of the fertilizer treatment on the organic composition of chinese yam plants at various phase of their vegetation. Many reports on chinese yam plants have appeared; nevertheless, the nature of carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism has remained unknown. However, there are a number of excellent reports (4, 5, 6) which directly or indirectly have a bearing on these biochemical phase in sweet Potato plants. Therefore, the objectives of the Present study were twofold : a) to determine the contents of sugars, starch, alcohol-insoluble solids, and various nitrogen constituents in sweet potato plants during growth as affected by mineral nutrition, and b) to compare the effect of mineral nutrition on sweet potato plants with its effect on chinese yam plants.


INDRA SAPUTRA The Total Immunoglobulin G Profiles of Colibacillosis infected Neonatal Calves Treated with Anti Escherichia coli K99 IgG Suspension from bovine Colostrum. Supervised by SRI MURTINI and ANITA ESFANDIARI. The experiment was conducted to determine the concentration of total immunoglobulin G (IgG) in neonatal calves infected with Escherichia coli (E. coli) K99 and treated by IgG anti E. coli from bovine colostrum. Twelve neonatal calves were divided into three groups which were negative control (not infected and not treated with anti E. coli IgG), positive control (infected and not treated with anti E. coli IgG), and treatment (infected and treated with anti E. coli IgG) groups, respectively. All calves, except the negative control, were infected orally with 5×10 colony forming unit/head calve, at time 0 h. The calves were treated orally with IgG anti E. coli three times (at 1 h before bacterial infection, at 4 and 9 h after bacterial infection) on the first day and twice a day for the following two consecutive days, administered 1.6 g/day/calf . Blood samples were taken from jugular vein at 0, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours after bacterial infection for total IgG titer analysis. The serum of total IgG levels was examined using indirect method Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. The results showed that total IgG titer were not significantly different between groups (P>0.05) at 12 and 24 hours after bacterial infection. There were significant differences in total IgG titer between infected and non infected group (P<0.05) at 48 and 168 hours after bacterial infection. The total IgG titer were significantly different between treatment and negative control group (P<0.05) at 72 hours after bacterial infection, but were not significantly different between treatment and positive control group (P>0.05). It was concluded that the administration of anti-E. coli IgG from bovine colostrum did not significantly increase the total IgG titer. However, it could accelerate the healing of Escherichia coli infection in the intestinal tract.


All clinicians are ethically obliged to prescribe responsibly and cautiously to diminish the potential for opioid diversion and to help minimize the growth of the current opioid abuse epidemic. Advance nurse practitioners should establish procedures to better control and limit opioid prescription and develop analgesic regimens to treat pain. The main purpose and goal for this review is to present data congruent with clinical, medical, and legal reports for allowing an appreciation of the possibility of the risk assumed when ordering and prescribing opioids within our podiatry profession. First, the concept and process of risk management as illustrated using a root cause analysis approach will be introduced as well as applying these principles specifically to opioid prescribing will be presented. Then, several examples found in both medical and legal literature documenting the reasons for opioid prescription risk will be presented. Finally, mitigating strategies for safe opioid prescribing will be presented so that mitigation of opioid harm can be possible and realized by the advance nurse practitioner


Part of the collaborative effort by the General Motors Research Laboratories and the Sloan-Kettering Institute to evaluate the contribution by automobiles to the trace amounts of carcinogenic hydrocarbons in the atmosphere is described. Benzene-Soluble tar, containing carcinogenic polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, is recovered from the total volume of exhaust and blowby gases of an engine operated on a simulated city driving schedule. Fuel composition was found to influence both the rate of emission of tar and the concentration in the tar of benzo(a)pyrene, a carcinogen. Isooctane and diisobutylene fuels gave only 20% as much tar as did a typical commercial gasoline, and a fuel comprised of equal volumes of ortho-xylene and benzene gave 70% as much tar as did gasoline. The emission rate of benzo(a) pyrene with diisobutylene fuel was only 7% of the rate with gasoline, whereas the benzo(a)pyrene emission rate with benzene + o-xylene fuel was 270% of the rate with gasoline. Benzo(a)pyrene emission in blowby gas was less than 4% of the total benzo(a)pyrene emitted from the engine. On the assumption that benzo(a)pyrene from automobiles settles out of the air in the same manner as the lead from exhaust gas, automobiles may contribute, on the average, about 2%more » of the total benzo(a)pyrene in the air over cities. On the other hand, if benzo(a)pyrene is dispersed with little or no settling, as is the case for carbon monoxide from exhaust gas, the contribution of benzo(a)pyrene by automobiles may average about 10%.« less


The emerging Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTEA) standard promises improvements in throughput, latency, spectrum-flexibility and costs-per-bit, as well as, coverage extensions through the use of relay nodes. These features combine to make LTE mobile networks an attractive long-term solution for providing much-needed affordable broadband access in the emerging markets (e.g., Africa). The fast expanding informal suburban settlements of those countries represents one of the key areas that could benefit from this new technology. This paper presents a comparative simulation study for various suburban macro-only and macro-relay deployment scenarios. The results demonstrate that use of relays enables significant coverage improvements in downlink, reducing costly need for dense LTE-Advanced macro site deployments in those suburban areas and contributing to affordability of broadband access.


Test case prioritization (TCP) is a practical activity in software testing for exposing faults earlier. Researchers have proposed many TCP techniques to reorder test cases. Among them, coverage-based TCPs have been widely investigated. Specifically, coverage-based TCP approaches leverage coverage information between source code and test cases, i.e., static code coverage and dynamic code coverage, to schedule test cases. Existing coverage-based TCP techniques mainly focus on maximizing coverage while often do not consider the likely distribution of faults in source code. However, software faults are not often equally distributed in source code, e.g., around 80% faults are located in about 20% source code. Intuitively, test cases that cover the faulty source code should have higher priorities, since they are more likely to find faults. In this paper, we present a quality-aware test case prioritization technique, QTEP, to address the limitation of existing coverage-based TCP algorithms. In QTEP, we leverage code inspection techniques, i.e., a typical statistic defect prediction model and a typical static bug finder, to detect fault-prone source code and then adapt existing coverage-based TCP algorithms by considering the weighted source code in terms of fault-proneness. Our evaluation with 16 variant QTEP techniques on 33 different versions of 7 open source Java projects shows that QTEP could improve existing coverage-based TCP techniques for both regression and new test cases. Specifically, the improvement of the best variant of QTEP for regression test cases could be up to 15.0% and on average 7.6%, and for all test cases (both regression and new test cases), the improvement could be up to 10.0% and on average 5.0%.


This paper identifies extra junction capacitances and switching commutation loops introduced by line-frequency devices (i.e., non-active every other half line cycle) in three-level ac/dc converters and investigates the corresponding effects. Junction capacitances and power loops are well known as the key factors that impact converter switching loss and device stress, thus influence device selection, power stage layout, and thermal design. By examining switching transients of the commonly used T-shaped and I-shaped three-level converters, the cause and mechanism of the extra junction capacitances and power loops are presented. The impacts on switching loss, device voltage stress, and ac-side voltage/current distortion are respectively reported and analyzed. A loss calculation scheme for the three-level converter to include that extra loss is proposed. A power layout scheme to mitigate the device voltage stress is provided. Compensation and modeling of the voltage and current distortion are also proposed. Experimental results conducted on several types of three-level converter prototypes including a gallium nitride based 115 $V_{{\text{ac}}}{\text{/650}}$ Vdc/1.5-kW/450-kHz Vienna-type rectifier and a SiC mosfet based 1-kV/10-kW/280-kHz three-level active neutral-point-clamped inverter confirm the presented effects and verify the associated analysis and solutions.


Automatic/controlled processing theory maintains that the consistent components of complex skills improve most substantially with training, and that part-task training (PTT) programs should therefore focus on the consistent elements of skilled performance. As an initial step in applying automatic processing principles to PTT, Fisk and Eggemeier (1988) developed a task analytic methodology to identify the consistent components of complex skills. This paper describes the application of the methodology to operator skills required in a complex tactical command and control (C2) system. The results indicate that the methodology can be used to identify a variety of consistent components of complex performance. Possible applications to PTT and issues for future training research are discussed.


In the last decade, the French beef industry has been through two major health scares related to bovine spongiform encephalopathy. This paper describes and discusses changes in beef supply in France from the consumer's perspective. The authors review the initiatives implemented in each crisis and show that the immediate effects (slump in consumption),however spectacular, were not the most lasting effects. By contrast, responses from the industry and the authorities brought about a far-reaching change in practices by requiring new instruments to be used (traceability). Yet the information conveyed by this innovation cannot readily be appropriated by consumers who are not conversant with the characteristics of beef production systems.


This paper analyses the development ,reform and issues encountered in th e construction industry in China.In order to solve the problems ,maintain the development and deepen the reform of the industry,it is necessary to change the mechanism of the construction market and organiz ational style of construction proje cts na-tionwide.Project management model,which is a key factor to the clients a nd project success,determines the overall framework of project manage ment,responsibilities and risk str ucture of participants during the bu ilding process.Different PMMs have different relationships amongst the parti cipants and risk structure.A new market mechanism with the adoption of international practice can provide a driv e to accelerate the restructure of China' s construction industry.This paper a lso discusses the development and ev olution of PMM,the relationship between different PMMs and the function of PM M in the market reform and internatio nalization of the Chinese construction industry.


AUTHOR Rossman, Gretchen B.; Wilson, Bruce L. TITLE Numbers and Words: Combining Quantitative and Qualitative Methods in a Single Large-Scale Study. INSTITUTION Research for Better Schools, inc., Philadelphia; Pa. SPONS AGENCY -National Inst. of Education (ED), Washington, DC. PUB DATE Apr 84 NOTE 24p.; Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association (68th, New Orleans, LA, April 23-27, 1984). PUB TYPE Speeches/Conference Papers (150) -Reports.Research/Technical (143)`


The article deals with the problems of forming a system of agricultural consumer cooperatives in the Russian Federation. Currently, the situation is characterized by slow development of cooperative forms of management. The study identified the main reasons that negatively affect the development of agricultural cooperation: the fragmentation of rural producers and cooperatives; the lack of sales markets and logistics chains for the sale of products; the lack of agricultural land suitable for farming; imperfect regulatory and legislative support; lack of effective support programs; high competition from medium and large businesses. For the functioning of the system of agricultural consumer cooperatives in Russia, it is necessary to: review the current legislation regarding the distribution of profits among members of the cooperative, create programs to support agricultural producers formed taking into account the specifics of the region and the maximum concentration of production, consider the possibility of transferring to project financing.


Exploration in foreland fold and thrust belts is a very challenging task in present-day petroleum exploration. It necessitates a good understanding of pre-, syn- and posttectonic processes which can be inferred from seismics and forward kinematic modelling. Also with regard to the processes that might affect reservoir units, new insights in the fracturing, cementation and porosity development history has been gained which help to reconstruct the entire fluid flow history. Particular results of a sediment petrological and geochemical study in carbonate and siliciclastic systems in the Potwar Plateau and Salt Range of Pakistan are presented here. Of major interest in reconstructing the paragenetic history is the development of two types of stylolites, i.e. bed parallel stylolites or BPS, which are bed parallel planes and thus compactional in origin, and tectonic stylolites or TS which often are perpendicular planes to sedimentary layering. The latter relate to parallel shortening during tectonic compression. In all systems the fracturing history can be split up into a pre-BPS, a post-BPS but pre-TS, and a post-TS history. The pre-TS fracturing history is mainly rock buffered while the post-TS fractures often reflect intra- as well as extra-formational, i.e. open diagenetic fluid circulations. Of importance from a reservoir point of view is the potential generation of an important karst network which may affect some of the reservoirs in a fore bulge during deformation. Different periods with hydraulic fracturing and development of crack


At the beginning of the period, the Prussian General Law Code did not provide for equal rights for members of 'churches' and those of 'sects'. However, the French Revolution decreed the separation of church and state and the principle of equal rights for all citizens. Between the Congress of Vienna (1815) and the revolution of 1848, Prussian monarchs pressed for the church union of Lutheran and Reformed and advocated the piety of the Evangelical Revival. The Old Lutherans felt obliged to leave the united church, thus eventually forming a 'sect' favoured by the king. Rationalists, who objected to biblicism and orthodoxy, were encouraged to leave, too. As Baptists, Catholic Apostolics and Methodists arrived from Britain and America, the number of 'sects' increased. New ways of curtailing their influence were devised, especially in Prussia and Saxony.


Currently, China's market economy is in a stage of rapid growth. With the advent of economic globalization, it is both an opportunity and a challenge for China's economy, and the global competition within China is becoming increasingly fierce. How to seek survival and development under complex and ever-changing market conditions is a key issue in front of enterprise managers. At present, due to the large number of small and medium-sized enterprises in China and their relatively small production scale, enterprise managers need to further improve the production and operation management system of Chinese small and medium-sized enterprises to enhance their comprehensive strength in combating high business risks. Therefore, by conducting sufficient research on the problems faced by the production and operation management system of small and medium-sized enterprises in China, it is possible to assist enterprise managers in providing countermeasures and promoting the sustained growth of their benefits.


Methods: Colonic transit time, faecal moisture and intestinal permeability were assessed in guinea‐pigs sensitized intraperitoneally with cow's milk and challenged with an oral administration of β‐lactoglobulin. One group of animals was treated for 1 week with diosmectite (500 mg.kg/day) and another with placebo. A control group was not sensitized but treated with diosmectite.


LiAsF 6 .H 2 O crystallizes with the NaPF 6 .H 2 O structure type. [AsF 6 ] - anions with nearly ideal octahedral geometry (As-F 1.71-1.72 A) and water molecules form chains via weak F...H-O hydrogen bonds. The complex anions and water molecules exhibit a CsCl-like arrangement, with the octahedral holes partially occupied by Li + cations.


Objective: Carrying out the reform of nursing management mechanism,developing humanistic nursing service,realizing specific measures of humanities concern to promote nursing quality.Methods: Popularizing the notion of humanities concern in all nursing staff by means of regular lectures,meetings,discussion,training,inspection and so on,to put effectively the humanities concern into effect in every aspect of the routine work.Results: The nursing management mechanism had been smoothly reformed;the patients during the entire process of hospitalization received the humanities concern,with their overall demand satisfied;the relationship between nurses and patients became more harmonious,and the quality of nursing work was obviously enhanced.Conclusion: The popularization of the notion of humanities concern and the implementation of humanistic nursing service have smoothly reformed the nursing management mechanism,improved the nursing quality,and the hospital′s social and economic benefits are greatly enhanced.


Bimekizumab (BKZ) is a monoclonal IgG1 antibody that selectively inhibits interleukin (IL)-17F in addition to IL-17A.To report Week (Wk) 0–16 safety of BKZ and placebo (PBO) in 2 axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and 2 psoriatic arthritis (PsA) phase 3 studies.Patients (pts) in 2 safety pools received ≥1 dose of subcutaneous BKZ 160 mg or PBO every 4 wks during Wks 0–16 (double-blind phase) of BE MOBILE 1 + BE MOBILE 2 in axSpA (NCT03928704; 03928743); BE OPTIMAL + BE COMPLETE in PsA (NCT03895203; 03896581) (Figure 1)[1-4].Wk 16 completion rates: 95.8% (PBO), 97.1% (BKZ) in axSpA; 95.9% (PBO), 97.1% (BKZ) in PsA. Most frequently reported treatment-emergent adverse events in ≥3% pts on BKZ were nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infection, oral candidiasis and headache (Table 1). SeeTablefor adverse events of special interest. Serious infections occurred in 5 pts (axSpA: 1 [0.4%] PBO, 1 [0.3%] BKZ; PsA: 0 PBO, 3 [0.4%] BKZ). Fungal infections were all local and reported as mild/moderate by investigators; moreCandidainfections were seen on BKZ (axSpA: 15 pts [4.3%]; PsA: 18 [2.6%]) than PBO (axSpA: 0; PsA: 2 [0.5%]) and led to discontinuation by 3 pts on BKZ (1 axSpA, 2 PsA). In axSpA pts, uveitis occurred in 11 (4.6%) on PBO and 2 (0.6%) on BKZ; inflammatory bowel disease occurred in 1 (0.4%) pt on PBO, 2 (0.6%) on BKZ. No uveitis/IBD cases in PsA by Wk 16 (PBO or BKZ). No deaths, active tuberculosis, suicidal ideation/behaviour, or major adverse cardiac events were reported in any study to Wk 16.The overall safety profile of BKZ was in line with previous phase 2 trials in axSpA and PsA, with a low rate of discontinuation. As expected, due to inhibition of IL-17, there was a higher rate of oral candidiasis compared to PBO.[1]Deodhar A. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81:772–3;[2]Van der Heijde D. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81:12–3;[3]McInnes I. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81:206–7;[4]Merola J. Ann Rheum Dis. 2022;81:167–9;[5]Boel A. Ann Rheum Dis. 2019;78:1545–9.Table 1.Summary of TEAEs to Wk 16axSpA BE MOBILE 1 [nr-axSpA]+ BE MOBILE 2 [r-axSpA/AS] (N=586)PsA BE OPTIMAL [bDMARD-naïve]+ BE COMPLETE [TNFi-IR] (N=1,111)TEAEs, n (%)MedDRA v19.0PBO (N=237)BKZ 160 mg Q4W (N=349)PBO (N=413)BKZ 160 mg Q4W (N=698)Pt-years at risk73.0108.6128.5218.7All119 (50.2)200 (57.3)183 (44.3)365 (52.3) Severe1 (0.4)3 (0.9)09 (1.3) Led to study discontinuation5 (2.1)8 (2.3)3 (0.7)10 (1.4) Drug-relateda37 (15.6)97 (27.8)39 (9.4)136 (19.5) Serious2 (0.8)4 (1.1)3 (0.7)12 (1.7)Most commonb Nasopharyngitis10 (4.2)29 (8.3)14 (3.4)50 (7.2) Upper respiratory tract infection16 (6.8)15 (4.3)20 (4.8)27 (3.9) Oral candidiasis013 (3.7)016 (2.3) Headache7 (3.0)12 (3.4)7 (1.7)25 (3.6)AESISerious infections1c(0.4)1d(0.3)03e(0.4)Fungal infectionsf022 (6.3)4 (1.0)32 (4.6) Candidainfections015g(4.3)2 (0.5)18 (2.6)  Oral candidiasish013 (3.7)016 (2.3)Liver function test changes/enzyme elevations6 (2.5)15 (4.3)11 (2.7)22 (3.2) Alanine aminotransferase1 (0.4)5 (1.4)3 (0.7)5 (0.7) Aspartate aminotransaminase06 (1.7)2 (0.5)3 (0.4) Hepatic enzyme increased1 (0.4)1 (0.3)3 (0.7)4 (0.6)Malignancies002i(0.5)1j(0.1)Adjudicated IBDj1 (0.4)2 (0.6)00 Crohn's disease01 (0.3)00 Ulcerative colitis1 (0.4)1 (0.3)00Uveitis11 (4.6)2 (0.6)00 With prior history9 (3.8)1 (0.3)00 No prior history2 (0.8)1 (0.3)00Neutropenia02 (0.6)1 (0.2)9 (1.3)Injection site reactions4 (1.7)12 (3.4)3 (0.7)8 (1.1)aPer investigator assessment;bOccurring in ≥3% BKZ-treated pts;cUnknown viral infection;dHepatitis A infection;e2 pneumonia, 1 bronchitis;fNone systemic, all localised mucocutaneous and none serious;gOne infection classified as opportunistic (oropharyngeal candidiasis);hCandidainfection preferred terms occurring in >1 BKZ-treated patient are reported;iBreast cancer stage I, basal cell carcinoma;jBasal cell carcinoma;hDefinite/probable, 0 cases with prior history.This study was funded by UCB Pharma. Medical writing support was provided by Costello Medical, funded by UCB Pharma.Denis Poddubnyy Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Eli Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer and UCB Pharma, Consultant of: AbbVie, Biocad, Eli Lilly, Gilead, GSK, MSD, MoonLake, Novartis, Pfizer, Samsung Bioepis and UCB Pharma, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Lilly, MSD, Novartis and Pfizer, Lianne S. Gensler Consultant of: AbbVie, Acelyrin, Eli Lilly, Fresenius Kabi, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer and UCB Pharma, Grant/research support from: Novartis and UCB Pharma paid to institution, Philip J Mease Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer and UCB Pharma, Consultant of: AbbVie, Acelyrin, Aclaris, Amgen, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Galapagos, Gilead, GSK, Janssen, MoonLake, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun Pharma and UCB Pharma, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Sun Pharma and UCB Pharma, Ana-Maria Orbai Consultant of: BMS, Janssen, Sanofi and UCB Pharma, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Amgen and Janssen paid to institution, Richard B. Warren Speakers bureau: Astellas, DiCE, GSK and Union, Consultant of: AbbVie, Almirall, Amgen, Arena, Astellas, Avillion, Biogen, Boehringer Ingelheim, BMS, Celgene, Eli Lilly, GSK, Janssen, LEO Pharma, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi and UCB Pharma, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Almirall, Janssen, LEO Pharma, Novartis and UCB Pharma paid to institution, Barbara Ink Shareholder of: AbbVie, GSK and UCB Pharma, Employee of: UCB Pharma, Ute Massow Employee of: UCB Pharma, Deepak Assudani Shareholder of: UCB Pharma (at time of study), Employee of: UCB Pharma (at time of study), GSK, Carmen Fleurinck Employee of: UCB Pharma, Vish Shende Employee of: UCB Pharma, julie smith Employee of: UCB Pharma, Luke Peterson Shareholder of: UCB Pharma, Employee of: UCB Pharma, Katy White Shareholder of: UCB Pharma, Employee of: UCB Pharma, Robert B.M. Landewé Consultant of: AbbVie, AstraZeneca, BMS, Novartis, Pfizer, Eli Lilly and UCB Pharma, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Pfizer, Novartis and UCB Pharma, Employee of: Owner of Rheumatology Consultancy BV, an AMS company under Dutch law.


The paper focuses on the social and psychological factors of human-computer interactions in students' preparation for responsible engineering activities. Engineering in a digital society requires computer skills in any professional field. The authors emphasize the need for a systematic analysis of the students' readiness to predict real situations, to make responsible decisions and to evaluate their consequences independently. The study of factors influencing the behavioral deviancy of future specialists is especially important within the framework of applied computer ethics, which emphasizes the potential negative aspects of the interactive virtual environment impact on perception of information while making responsible decisions. The digital and professional competence combination implies the socio-psychological context inclusion in the assessment of the possibility of introducing and future use of technological innovations into network environment, taking into account the consequences that lead to the transformation of mental and behavioral actions. The authors' goals are determined by the analysis of the digital interactions' influence on shaping a prospective readiness of a future specialist for adequate professional activity within complex conditions of the modern info sphere. The empiric study was conducted utilizing focus groups and online survey of a representative sample of the St. Petersburg Polytechnic University students.


To the Editor. — I write concerning the letter by Dr Adams 1 on the editorial by Dr Pellegrino 2 and on the letter by Dr Tiemstra and the reply by Dr Pellegrino. 3 Dr Adams will be hard-pressed to find classical backing for his definition of altruism either by Comte or by John Stuart Mill. Neither placed great value on self-sacrifice as an end in itself. Only when self-sacrifice produced a greater good for greater numbers of persons was it a value. The positivist school would reject Dr Adams' conclusions as immature and naive.


In the history of Philosophy, Empedocles first creates a philosophical system, complete a whole of learning that contains ontology, cosmology, biology, epistemology and ethics. Exceeding her predecessors Heraclitus and Parmenides, Empedocles develops an impressive consistent system of concepts that with their originality and creativity have a significant impact on various aspects of the history and development of the great ideas that are the foundation of human humanism and civilization, much more than it is commonly recognized in the previous studies of Empedocles.


The modern university, chartered in Berlin, was crafted to enlighten the public and to help advance social progress through science and reason. Its creator, Wilhelm Von Humboldt, Minister of Education of the Prussian education system, considered the first universal system of public education, was one of the visionary lead ers of the early nineteenth century who acted on the ideas of Jean-Jacques Rousseau, espousing a more humane social contract built on the premises of justice, equality, and freedom for all, and proposing an important role for educational institutions in building that order. Wilhelm's brother, Alexander, in exploring and studying much of the new world, demonstrated a form of cosmopolitanism and global citizenship that characterized truly exceptional individuals in his time. Two centuries later, those leading our cathedrals of knowledge could take inspiration from these two figures of the Enlightenment in leveraging the resources of the university to educate the public about globalization, and thus democratize cosmopolitanism. Globalization presents a new social context for educational institutions from elementary schools to universities. In response to this new context, schools and universities are slowly changing their ways. These changes range from altering the curriculum so that students understand the process of globalization itself, or develop competencies attuned with the demands of globalization (such as learning foreign languages), to restructuring educational activities and programs capitalizing on some of the integral


A 2.4 km stretch of the A406 North Circular Road in northeast London will be depressed between retaining walls for almost all its length. Originally, all the retaining walls were to be constructed using diaphragm panel techniques. However, Cementation Construction offered a cheaper alternative substituting contiguous bored piles for some of the diaphragm walling. Work began in July 1989 and will take 2 1/2 years to complete. A consortium has been formed between Cementation Piling and Foundations and the Stent-Soletanche joint venture to carry out the retaining wall construction. This article describes the progress to date on the retaining walls.


tag=1 data=Wayne Goss' electoral reform dilemma. by Ross Fitzgerald and Chris Griffith

tag=2 data=Fitzgerald, Ross%Griffith, Chris

tag=3 data=Australian Society,

tag=6 data=March 1991

tag=7 data=6,7.

tag=8 data=VOTING SYSTEMS

tag=10 data=Queensland's commission on electoral change has created a difficult choice for the premier.

tag=11 data=1991/3/4

tag=12 data=91/0376

tag=13 data=CAB


This paper uses 1999-2009 data Empirical Analysis of the relationship between the growth rate of cultural trade and general trade growth obtained,cultural and trade growth of general trade growth Granger cause;the growth rate of cultural trade and general trade growth between significant positive correlation.Therefore,China needs a multi-level,to expand cultural trade,especially to raise the cultural content in the general trade goods.


Introduction: Corticosteroids are potent medications that have been extensively used to treat many inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. Aim of the Work: To study the histological changes that may occur in the prepubertal albino rat testis after administration of dexamethasone and to investigate the possibility of recovery of testis after drug stoppage. Materials and Methods: Thirty prepubertal male albino rats were used and divided into three equal groups. Group I (control) and group II (dexamethasone-treated) that were injected daily intraperitonealy by dexamethasone (7mg/kg body weight) for 2 weeks. Group III (recovery) were injected daily intraperitonealy with the same dose of dexamethasone for 2 weeks as group II, then left untreated for further 2 weeks. At the time of sacrifice, the testes of all groups were dissected out, processed and stained with H&E. Semithin sections were stained with toluidine blue and ultrathin sections were examined by electron microscope. Results: Histological examination of dexamethasone-treated rats revealed changes in most of the seminiferous tubules. They had lost the normal distribution of their epithelial lining with appearance of several layers of dark type spermatogonia. They were ensheathed by irregular basement membrane. Ultrastructurally, spermatogonia had small irregular nuclei with condensation of heterochromatin and their cytoplasm contained few mitochondria. Some primary spermatocytes showed clumps of heterochromatin in their nuclei and their cytoplasm contained few mitochondria. Other cells were apoptotic. Multiple Sertoli cells appeared with indented nuclei and peripheral marginated heterochromatin. Their cytoplasm showed mitochondria with disrupted cristae. Leydig cells appeared with irregular shaped nuclei, contained large heterochromatic masses and their cytoplasm had some electron dense bodies of variable sizes and shapes. The testis of recovery group contained distorted seminiferous tubules with no return to the normal histological structure. Conclusion: The present work showed that dexamethasone injection for 2 weeks produced destructive effects on the structure of prepubertal albino rat testes. Also, this work showed incomplete recovery of these effects after drug stoppage. In clinical practice, therapeutic doses of dexamethasone and periods of administrations must be carefully adjusted specially in younger ages. Original Article


We advance high-harmonic spectroscopy to resolve molecular charge migration in time and space and simultaneously demonstrate extensive control over the process. A multidimensional approach enables us to reconstruct both quantum amplitudes and phases with a resolution of better than 100 attoseconds and to separately reconstruct field-free and laser- driven charge migration. Our techniques make charge migration in molecules measurable on the attosecond time scale and open new avenues for laser control of electronic primary processes.


In this paper, we proposed a hybrid high performance VLSI architecture for MPEG-4 AVC/H.264 CAVLC decoding. We introduce two techniques to improve throughput of CAVLC decoder, which is called MSLD (multi symbol for level decoding) and NZS (non zero skip for run_before decoding). Our proposed design can decode two levels and more than two run _befores in the same clock cycle. These two techniques have the advantages of low complexity and regularity design. According to the evaluation, our proposed design needs 137 cycles in average for one macroblock decoding. It says that this CAVLC decoder can run at 33.5 MHz to meet the real time requirement for H.264 video decoding on 1920x1088 resolution. Compared with the previous design, it can reduce around 56% work frequency for the same application. With a low working frequency, it will be suitable for a low power application.


Abstract 4864

The t(9;22) or BCR/ABL fusion genes occurs in 20–30% of adult patients with ALL overall and its presence leads to worse prognosis for ALL. But there are a few large reports focused on this subtype of adult ALL in Mexico, including its clinical characteristics.

Objective. (1) To know the frequency of chromosome Ph-positive or BCR/ABL by cytogenetic and RT-PCR studies; (2) to evaluate the clinical prognostic factors and the correlation with cytogenetic abnormalities.

Methods. In the present report, we study of 104 adults with ALL de novo from seven different hospitals from Mexico, between November 2008 – June 2010. All patients were de novo and were subjected to karyotyping in bone marrow and RT-PCR from BCR/ABL at diagnosis.

Results. From 104 ALL adults included 47(45%) males and 57(54.8%) females, with age range 17–73 years (mean= 33.81 years). The most frequent subtype FAB were L2 (87%) an L1 (13%) with immunophenotype by LAL-B 95%, and 4.8% bilinear. Blood counts were very low, mean hemoglobin 7.8 g/dL (SD+ 2.61), platelet 67,266 × mm3 (SD 79,627), and leukocytic 37,815 × mm3 (SD 60,905). The grown of liver, spleen and adenomegaly was only 40.4%. 19 (18.26%) karyotypes was not useful. Eigthfive informative karyotypes were subdivided into 6(7%) t(9;22); 49(57.6%) normal; 14(16.5%) hyperdiploid; 2(1.9%) hypodiploid; 2(1.9%) poliploid; and 5(5.8%) rearr(12). Chromosomes 9,11,12 and 3 were the most frequently envolved by structural rearrangements. The frequencies of the BCR/ABL studied with RT-PCR ( minor and major break point region ); only 4 cases was not useful, then 20/100 was positive; only 2/20 (10%) with the b2a2/b3a2 transcript of the P210 BCR/ABL ; the rest 90% with e1a2+ of the P190 BCR/ABL .

Conclusion: The frequency reported for BCR/ABL positive (20%) in Mexican adults with ALL is in concordant with worldwide; but only by RT-PCR. The karyotype has low sensitivity by detection of the t(9;2) but is useful by identify others anormalities in karyotype. We don't have correlation between clinical and cytogenetic characteristics.

Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


With the telecom market reaching saturation in many regions and revenues from voice calls decreasing, telecom operators are attempting to identify new sources of revenue. For this purpose, these operators can take advantage of their core functionalities, such as location and call control, by exposing them as services to be composed by developers with third-party offerings available over the web. Mashups enable technology to compose those services into new applications. However, existing mashup tools have some limitations in such convergent web-service-based integration, such as extra programming efforts for ordinary users. To address these limitations, we propose a novel LSMP, which includes the SDM, SRM, SCM, and SEM. The SDM defines a unified structure for atom-services to reduce the development complexity. The SRM defines a structurized data flow to reduce the coupling of data transfer between atom-services. The SCM provides a design method for the service process, with key data as the driving characteristic. The SEM provides a container for the service logic execution. With these models, ordinary users can create new personalized services freely via an intuitive and easy-to-use UI on a web browser.


SOX10 immunostaining has been considered a highly sensitive and specific marker for melanoma. But there is evidence suggesting that SOX10 positive cells can be present in dermal scars. Therefore, we investigated whether non‐melanocytic cell types present in chronic inflammatory processes or benign lymph nodes express SOX10.


ABSTRACT Previous research suggests that meaningful gestures in the absence of speech (i.e. pantomimed gestures) influence lexical processing, but, the extent to which pantomimes affect word retrieval is poorly understood. We investigated the relationship between pantomimes and action verb retrieval. Across two experiments, we showed that naming an action picture with a verb was facilitated by the observation of a congruent gesture, relative to both an unrelated gesture and a neutral stimulus which did not differ in their effects. Priming effects were also found to be affected by gesture transparency. This study provides the first demonstration of cross-modal gesture priming of verb retrieval in picture naming. We suggest that facilitation of verb retrieval from pantomimed gestures is consistent with priming at either the semantic level or lexical level.


Stereoscopic vision is an important research area since 1861 when Wheatstone introduced the first stereoscopic device. After his basic device many technologies have been proposed to deliver 3D vision to audiences. Although most of these technologies require the viewer to wear special eyewear, new technologies are emerging that do not require glasses. These technologies, called autostereoscopic displays, are becoming very popular. However their ability is limited due to their demand of multiple high quality images. Common stereoscopic cameras shoot two images simultaneously which is not enough for these displays. Therefore, the problem to be solved is to generate intermediate virtual views using minimum number of real world images. The problem has two steps: correspondence estimation and view reconstruction. Correspondence estimation, which can be described as matching the same features in multiple images, is an ill-posed problem. Thus, many techniques have been proposed for correspondence estimation. In this report, basic methods used for this problem will be covered. The second step, intermediate view reconstruction, uses the information extracted in the first step, and works towards creating high quality views. Methods used for view reconstruction will also be covered in this report.


The present invention is the microbiological isomerization process of the α- hydroxy carboxylic acid with α- hydroxy carboxylic acid racemase, the enzyme and microorganism shows a suitable racemase activity, a screening method of a microorganism having α- hydroxy carboxylic acid racemase activity, the enzyme encoding nucleic acid sequence expressing the racemase expression vectors and recombinant microorganisms as well as to methods for the preparation or separation of the protein having α- hydroxy carboxylic acid racemase activity.


Samples of drinking water, which had been enriched with carbon dioxide using five different special household devices, were analyzed for organic chemical contaminants by automatic on-line solid phase extraction-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (On-line SPE-GC/ MS). Detection of contaminants was done directly by MS scan mode and after acetylation for target analysis of substituted phenols. Contaminants, in many cases additives for plastics (plasticizers and antioxidants), were found in nearly all 33 samples. Hydrocarbons (alkanes) were detected in 18 samples (54.4 %), 2,6-Di-tert.-butyl-4-methyl-phenol (BHT) in 29 samples (88 %) and N-Butylbenzenesulfonamide (BBSA) in 20 samples (60.6 %). Findings of phthalates were positive in 9.1 % (DIBP), 36 % (DBP) and 51.5 % (DEHP) of the samples. 4-tert.-Octylphenol (OP) was found in 15 samples (45.5 %) and 4-Nonylphenol (NP) in 3 samples (9.1 %). No other phenols were detectable. A toxicological evaluation of the uptake of identified contaminants by carbonated water did not suggest a relevant health risk for consumers.


Aliens — Expulsion of — Right of expulsion — Discretionary nature of — Lack of permanent right to stay without express legislation — Effect of principle of non-discrimination upon right of expulsion — The law of Burma.


RNA polymerase II (Pol II) faces a number of daunting tasks while transcribing genes. It must respond to a large array of transcription regulators, permitting distinct regulation of thousands of genes. It must coordinate its activities with RNA processing events and regulators of chromatin modifications and structure (Sims et al. 2004; Saunders et al. 2006). The C-terminal domain (CTD), a unique structure at the C terminus of Pol II's largest subunit, permits coordination of these activities (Phatnani and Greenleaf 2006). The CTD consists of 26 (in yeast) to 52 (in mice and humans) copies of a heptapeptide motif, Y1S2P3T4S5P6S7, and is subject to phosphorylation and dephosphorylation during transcription. These modifications serve as spatial and temporal markers of Pol II's progress through a cycle of gene transcription.


The principles of designing lanthanide (Ln) ion selective macrocyclic reagents are discussed. Factors such as the size of the metal ion, the cavity size of the ligand, the stereochemical constraint imposed on the ligand, and the overall coordination number of the multidentate ligand are considered. On the basis of these principles, the macromonocyclic ligand 1,10-diaza-4,7,13,16-tetraoxacyclooctadecane-N,N'-diacetic acid (dacda) has been prepared and characterized. stability constants of dacda complexes of various metal ions are reported. Except for a few metal ions such as copper (II), lead (II), and cadmium (II), dacda shows unique selectivity toward lanthanide ions as a group. Also, for the first time in aqueous solution for a multidentate ligand, the stability constants for Ln-ligand complexes decrease with increasing atomic number for heavy lanthanides and remain roughly unchanged for the lighter lanthanides. These data are discussed, and the structures of the complexes are proposed. 3 figures, 1 table.


The form of teaching style always bears specific essence and connotation, both of them are isolated in the innovation of curriculum and teaching. Many new teaching styles pays more attention on form while neglecting the essence and connotation, which leads to the formalism of teaching innovation. This type of formalism has much with the negligence of psychological research. It is necessary for us to pay close attention to and adopt some relative research of psychology so as to get out of the dilemma that the new teaching style is only a new form. The research on teaching style requires more inquiry into essence and connotation and construct the objectives with different levels. Meanwhile the form of the new teaching style should be made open and with multi- dimensional features.


Part One: Modern study of human communication. Preliminaries to the study of communication. Analyses of communication. Part Two: Basic aspects of communication. Verbal adn nonverbal communication. Motivation and function. The psychology of influence. Media and technologies. Part Three: Levels of communication. Individual communication. Group communication. Organizational communication. Public communication. International communication. Part Four: Research in Communication. Relational communication. Information and public opinion. Political communication. Entertainment. Part Five: Challenges from the future. The information society. Appendix. Glossary. Index.


Finger vein is a unique physiological biometric for identification of individuals based on the physica l characteristics and parameters of the vein patterns in the human. This technology is at present in use or development for a wide range of applications, which includes credit card authentication, security in automobile, employee time and tracking attendan ce, computer and network authentication, security at end points and automate d teller machines. The proposed work simultaneousl y acquires information of the finger-vein and low-resolution finger image. Im ages and combines these two techniques using a bett er score-level combination strategy. Analysis of the previously is proposed fo r finger-vein identification approaches in image pr ocessing and develop a proposed approach that describes it superiority ove r prior published efforts. In this thesis developed and analyzed three new scorelevel combinations, i.e., Repeated Line Tracking , Gabor Filter and Segmentation and SVM works comparatively to evaluate analysis them with more popular technique score-level fusion approaches to certain information details their effectiveness in the proposed system.


In recent years, as sources of noise in piping systems have become more powerful, the potential for structural fatigue induced by intense acoustic fields in such systems has increased. This paper examines the potential for such a problem in those cases where the acoustic field is produced by the passage of a gas flow through a control valve.


The invention, Hand-held type as, without not limited to the user's motion, by varying the sense station which in response to a user by detecting the position and direction of the three dimensions of the device holding the device operation passes to the user a virtual object intended to significantly increase the realism of the interaction with, the present invention is formed so that the length direction of the main body having a fixing means for fixing to a user's hand; Part infrared generator which is located in the first end of the body portion, the point to any point on the virtual objects, or generation of the remote user and the interaction for the infrared to interact; Sensing unit for sensing the length of the body portion on the three-dimensional space; In a predetermined region of the image corresponding to an arbitrary point or a remote user of the virtual object pointed to by the infrared ray for the interaction state, information on the direction of the user to apply with respect to the virtual object, or the remote user force is obtained, the power generating unit which when information is obtained for the longitudinal direction of the main body, generating power acquired by the longitudinal direction of the power generation signal of the main body corresponding to the direction of the force as a reference via the sensing portion; And it provides an apparatus which is characterized according to the power generated by the power generating section that includes a yeokgam transmission for providing a sense reverse to the user.


Ownership and control of corporations under the watchful stewardship and surveillance of their boards have a significant influence in shaping corporate behavior and the equitable management of relationships between and among themselves, the society and communities they serve, and the governments of the countries they operate in.This paper tracks the movements in corporate ownership in India among its top companies indexed in BSE-100 in the first decade of the new millennium and moving forward in to the second.The paper is organized as follows: section I provides a brief overview of the development of the corporate format of business organizations; section II provides literature related to the topic and describes the sample and its categorization for analysis,; section III methodology; and section IV sets out the findings, interpretation and conclusions.


A new filtering algorithm for interferogram wan presented.It assimilates the idea of zero intermediate frequency(ZIF)in radio technique.First,the raw interferogram is transformed to ZIF one and then decomposed to two cross signals in vector,which include the sine signal and the cosine one.Secondly,the sine signal and the cosine one are filtered by Low-Pass(LP) filter respectively.The LP filter can be mean filter or median filter.This paper adopts mean filter.Then,the filtered ZIF interferogram is calculated from the filtered sine and cosine signals.Finally,it is transformed to original frequency to get the filtered result of the raw interferogram.Experiments show that the new interferogram filtering algorithm can resolve the difficulty in dealing with dense fringe.The effect of this method is excellent.


welding is extremely important process during steel structure production.As the important part of welding quality assurance,certified welding inspectors are playing key roles during quality control of steel structure fabrication.The requirement of welding quality for offshore steel structure shall be much higher than others because of the effect of hydrology and climate.It has been described that role and performance of certified welding inspector in steel structure welding process,and excellent certified welding inspectors perform as ″especial reporter ″ for communicating with project engineer,welding engineer,fabrication director,welding leader,and welder even,and so that issues about quality could be avoided or solved during the fabrication process.It has been highlighted that how to act as an excellent certified welding inspector,and in final prospected that excellent certified welding inspector will play more and more important role in offshore steel structure engineering projects.And it will be definitely the international trend that have been agreed gradually.


In this paper, we present a case study of application of Multi-well-Constrained Depth Imaging (MWCDI) and depthing workflow to a land 3D data set in Kuwait. The MWCDI results are compared to the earlier PSDM results with limited well constraints. The comparison shows that MWCDI resulted in significantly better structural definition, better well ties, and more focused image of target zones. It is also significant that the blind and new well ties are very close match to actual well data providing confidence to interpreters to use the MWCDI volume directly for depth interpretation


Background: To help inform regarding HIV self-testing (HIVST) upscale, we assessed the determinants of recent HIVST uptake among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Jiangsu province, China. Methods: We conducted a convenience online survey from March to April, 2020 among men aged ≥16 years, who had ever had sex with other men. Statistical analysis included Pearson's chi-square test, bivariate correlation, and multivariable logistic regression. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Of the total 692 participants, 69.5% (481) were aged between 18 and 40 years, and 65.9% (456) had reportedly ever self-tested. Using HIVST for first HIV test (aOR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.21–3.26), perceiving HIVST as more private (aOR = 1.41, 95% CI: 0.85–2.35), and users not needing to go to a health facility (aOR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.20–2.34) were associated with recent HIVST as facilitating factors. Conclusion: HIVST uptake rate has increased among Jiangsu MSM and can be further promoted by healthcare workers routinely recommending HIVST to their clients.


The invention provides the link performance prediction method and system based on MMIB in a kind of LTE system, methods described is included:Step 101)Transmitting terminal obtains the original code block of current transmission code block and its retransmits the equivalent signal-to-noise ratio of code block, and the equivalent signal-to-noise ratio is obtained according to the signal to noise ratio of each symbol in the transmission code block of the feedback of receiving terminal;Step 102) transmitting terminal obtains the average bit mutual information of the code block according to the average number of repetition mapping of all symbols in the equivalent signal-to-noise ratio of each code block for obtaining and code block during using rate-matched strategy, and it is described that code block is comprising original code block and its retransmits code block;Step 103)Transmitting terminal merges original code block and retransmits the average bit mutual information of code block, obtains the average eguivalent bit mutual information of current transmission code block;Step 104)Average eguivalent bit mutual information mapping according to current transmission code block under additive white Gaussian noise channel obtains Block Error Rate, completes the prediction to link layer link situation.


Nuclear transport controls chronic pain Chronic neuropathic pain is debilitating and difficult to treat. Marvaldi et al. now show that chronic pain is regulated by a specific nuclear import factor in peripheral sensory neurons (see the Perspective by Yousuf and Price). Importin α3 is required for nuclear import of the transcription factor c-Fos in sensory neurons, and perturbation of this pathway ameliorates sustained neuropathic pain in mice. Candidate drugs were identified that mimic this pathway and alleviate neuropathic pain in mouse models. Identification of a nuclear transport factor that regulates pain mechanisms offers opportunities for future analgesic development. Science, this issue p. 842; see also p. 774 Perturbing c-Fos nuclear import by importin α3 in sensory neurons reduces sensitivity to noxious stimuli and thus leads to analgesia. How is neuropathic pain regulated in peripheral sensory neurons? Importins are key regulators of nucleocytoplasmic transport. In this study, we found that importin α3 (also known as karyopherin subunit alpha 4) can control pain responsiveness in peripheral sensory neurons in mice. Importin α3 knockout or sensory neuron–specific knockdown in mice reduced responsiveness to diverse noxious stimuli and increased tolerance to neuropathic pain. Importin α3–bound c-Fos and importin α3–deficient neurons were impaired in c-Fos nuclear import. Knockdown or dominant-negative inhibition of c-Fos or c-Jun in sensory neurons reduced neuropathic pain. In silico screens identified drugs that mimic importin α3 deficiency. These drugs attenuated neuropathic pain and reduced c-Fos nuclear localization. Thus, perturbing c-Fos nuclear import by importin α3 in peripheral neurons can promote analgesia.


The collaborative project included in this issue of Public Art Dialogue uses the platform for an existing online community centered on self-help to take part in a conversationabout relational art. Theonline community, boundby themotivational philosophyKillin' It!was launchedbyPaulCrik andGoatsilk in 2008.ThoughKillin' It! was originally developed as a web video series, it quickly expanded to be an interactive online forum and micro-culture that embodies the spirit of its own mantra: "This is it, fuck it, it is what it is." The project is something like open-source self-help that uses Paul Crik videos and commentary as a stimulant to activate and harness the wisdom of an expanding group that currently consists of several thousand friends, followers and subscribers on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Individuals constantly re-evaluate what Killin' It! means at any given moment. In thisway,Killin' It!withPaulCrik remains freshandresponsive toa rapidly changing culture.Asmakersweembrace thephilosophyasawayof life because: 1.) itworks for us as creators and 2.) we're energized by the public's response. The pages you see between the articles and essays of this issue are images of Twitter and Facebook posts and threads written by people who follow or are fans of the online self-help program Killin' It! with Paul Crik. Each set of images, with focused questions and excerpted conversation threads is directly inspired by issues raised in thearticle or essaydirectlypreceding it.Webelieve theseprompts engender a useful dialogue that includes peoplewhodon't necessarilymake up an expected art audience, aswell as readers of the journal, who are likely to bemore familiarwith the ways in which Killin' It! with Paul Crikmight be considered public art. This project makes sense to us in the context of this special themed issue of the journal, since one of the primary strategies of relational art is the attempt to challenge and shift the role of the audience: to observe and interact with them even as they are observing. In this case, we're placing the platform we've already established on the Internet inside another platform, the PAD journal, in order to expand the dialogue. Currently, new questions and answers are ongoing and open for participation at www.paulcrik.com and at Paul's Facebook page. Public Art Dialogue, 2013 Vol. 3, No. 2, 142–143, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21502552.2013.818413


The invention relates to a composite bar code in a cubic plane projection shape formed by three planes. A two-dimensional code is formed at the front-side plane and a two-dimensional code or bar code is formed at at least one of the two planes. According to the composite bar code, the two-dimensional code at the front-side plane and the bar code or two-dimensional code formed at the side plane form a shape similar to the cube; and two or more than two bar codes are combined and integrated to form an integrated unit that is displayed in a limited region and the region can be viewed as an integrated one visually. When a user carried out scanning, code scanning can be carried out once to read multiple pieces of information without code scanning at multiple times; and the appearance of the composite bar code is beautiful.


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For modeling continuous and hybrid Petri Nets with dynamic edge weightings, the already existing Petri Net Libraries were further developed. The new library was implemented in OpenModelica using the SimForge GUI, however it works also with Dymola. With the extensions it is possible to model complex biological as well as production or traffic systems.


In 1934 Kyes and Potter reported the remarkable observation that cyclic changes in ossification of the long bones occur in pigeons parallel with, and indeed dependent upon, the alternations of ovarian activity. This was the first evidence for modifications of the skeleton brought about by estrogens, though it had been known that the serum calcium level may show such a dependence (Riddle and Reinhart, 1926). During the succeeding years extensive experimental work was conducted with mammals and birds relative to the effects of estrogens on ossification. With fowl tests of this nature were first made by Zondek (1936, 1937) and by Landauer, Pfeiffer, Gardner and Man (1939). A histological account of the changes observed in these experiments was given by Landauer and Zondek (1944). At that time (viz., 1941) an experiment was also conducted to determine the effect, as far as bone structure was concerned,


Patients should stop taking herbal supplements two weeks prior to cosmetic surgery and confer with a psychiatrist, and in some cases a cardiologist or internist regarding cessation and titration of antidepressants prior to elective surgery, experts advise.


A spectrum sharing method based on adaptive spatial projection is proposed for central multi-user multi-antenna cognitive radio networks. In order to guarantee the transmission of primary users(PUs)as well as provide transmission opportunities to cognitive users(CUs),signals from cognitive base station(CBS)are adaptively projected onto the sub-spaces of the channel between CBS and PUs to avoid or reduce the interference between two systems according to the variances of spectrum and spatial resource occupancy caused by the random access of PUs. Furthermore, block diagonalization and singular value decomposition of channel matrices are adopted to cancel the interference between CUs. Performance analysis and simulation results show that, compared with existing methods, the proposed method can improve both the achievable sum rate of CUs and the robustness in different load scenarios.


Previous representations of calcium activation (or active state) in muscle models have assumed that the time course of activation is independent of the time course of contraction. In constructing a calcium-activation model for the distribution-moment (DM) model of muscle, the authors developed two versions: loose coupling between calcium-troponin and actin-myosin interactions, or tight coupling between these interactions. Only under loose coupling is activation independent of contraction. Both direct experimental evidence and simulation results indicate that the tight-coupling version is to be preferred.<<ETX>>


The aim of this study was to identify the impact of main determinants risk in insurance companies in Jordan on profitability. The study relied on financial statements of (24) Jordanian insurance companies listed in Amman Stock Exchange. Independent variables are used such as: Loss ratio, Solvency margin, Liquidity ratio, Growth premium, Motor insurance, premium Retention ratio. The study also depends on the dependent variables like: Technical profit and Gross profit. Results were shown through the data analysis program (Panel analysis). Since this program has got a dibasic dimensional, such as (timing plans and sectional analysis), hypothesis testing was used within the panel analysis program. According to the abilities of the program, studies have shown that there was a significant statistical impact for Loss ratio, Solvency margin and Retention ratio on the Gross & Technical profit. On the other hand, there is no was a significant statistical impact for Motor insurance on the Gross & Technical profit. However, there was a significant statistical impact for Liquidity ratio Growth premium only on the Gross profit. Companies should increase the value of Retention ratio, Liquidity ratio, and Solvency margin to increase profit of insurance companies in Jordan and eventually distributed to shareholder. Companies should increase the value of premium to the insurance companies in Jordan by increasing insurance culture and by merging insurance companies.


Because of the complexities and diversity of metabolites, no one analytical approach can cover the whole metabolome. We have been using a range of analytical platforms based around a combination of NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry to maximise the coverage of the metabolome and then map these changes onto other datasets such as MRI images, transcriptomics and proteomics using multivariate statistics in order to build up a profile of tumour cell metabolism. Such data fusion based approaches provide increased mechanistic insight into the development of cancer. I will present examples from: (i) apoptosis in glioma associated with the accumulation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, (ii) proliferation and aggressiveness in breast cancer characterised by increased turnover in newly synthesized phosphatidylcholines and (iii) the development of non‐genotoxic carcinogenicity in liver tissue associated with alterations in eicosanoid metabolism. In particular, I will focus on how cell proliferation and apoptosis is associated with key changes in lipid metabolism, helping us understand the metabolic changes detectable by magnetic resonance spectroscopy and providing a mechanistic framework for some of the in vivo biomarker associated with tumour detection and treatment.


Objectives of the Materials Research and Development effort are examined. The behavior and interaction of different materials used in solar thermal technologies are studied so as to create a sound technical base for future system and component designs. Materials are developed to extend the application potential of systems by either making materials more reliable in difficult operating environments or by offering lower cost alternatives to presently used materials. Solar thermal systems designed for electric power, industrial process heat from low to high temperature, and fuels and chemicals applications are discussed.


Dear Editor, Intravitreal injection is a commonly performed and relatively safe procedure for different retinal diseases [1,2]. In most cases, intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation after an intravitreal injection appears as a transient IOP spike due to volume effects in the closed intravitreal cavity. However, IOP elevation due to morphological changes in the anterior chamber (AC) angle has been rarely reported [3,4]. We report a case of acute angle closure (AAC) refractory to mannitol and laser iridotomy that occurred after intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection in an eye for treatment of central retinal vein occlusion. A 61-year-old man presented with decreased visual acuity (VA) in the right eye that began 1 month prior to admission. The VA of the right eye was 20 / 200. On slit-lamp examination, the AC was deep and clean, and no definite lens abnormality was observed. Color fundus photography revealed diffuse flame-shaped hemorrhages throughout the whole retina (Fig. 1A). Fluorescein angiography revealed delayed arteriovenous transit time, increased tortuosity of vessels, and a peripheral nonperfusion area (Fig. 1B). On optical coherence tomography of the macula, macular edema was observed (Fig. 1C). The patient was diagnosed with central retinal vein occlusion, and IVB was performed in the right eye. Macular edema decreased 1 month after injection. Thus, a second IVB was performed. The IOP before the second injection was 18 mmHg. Two days after the second injection, the patient reported ocular pain, headache, and nausea, and the VA decreased to hand motion. The IOP in the right eye was 50 mmHg. Medication was denied before and after the injection. The AC was shallow with less than 1/4 central corneal thickness at the periphery and approximately 2 central corneal thickness at the center. The pupil was mid-dilated to 7 mm and fixed. Gonioscopy revealed a closed angle of 360° without any peripheral anterior synechia or neovascularization (Fig. 1D, 1E). A diagnosis of AAC was made, and 200 mL of 20% mannitol was injected intravenously. The IOP did not decrease after administration of intravenous mannitol. Laser iridotomy was performed, but the AC did not deepen nor did the IOP drop. Emergency cataract surgery was performed on the right eye. The axial length of the right eye was 23.29 mm, and Korean J Ophthalmol 2020;34(6):493-494 https://doi.org/10.3341/kjo.2020.0083


Information retrieval systems for the patent domain have a long history. They can support patent experts in a variety of daily tasks: from analyzing the patent landscape to support experts in the patenting process and large-scale information extraction. Advances in machine learning and natural language processing allow to further automate tasks, such as paragraph retrieval or even patent text generation. Uncovering the potential of semantic technologies for the intellectual property (IP) industry is just getting started. Investigating the use of artificial intelligence methods for the patent domain is therefore not only of academic interest, but also highly relevant for practitioners. Compared to other domains, high quality, semi-structured, annotated data is available in large volumes (a requirement for supervised machine learning models), making training large models easier. On the other hand, domain-specific challenges arise, such as very technical language or legal requirements for patent documents. The focus of the 4th edition of this workshop will be on two-way communication between industry and academia from all areas of information retrieval in particular with the Asian community. We want to bring together novel research results and the latest systems and methods employed by practitioners in the field.


There is provided an input system and associated method for selecting, on which a tracking input device motion area. The pointing device may be a tablet, a mouse, a pen, or any device capable of providing a two or three-dimensional position. This region preferably using a printing or actual keyboard / keypad to expand. In other words, the position indicating device on the actual keyboard / keypad can be represented on the accompanying dynamic display monitor. In compliance with the motion parameters by varying the keyboard / keypad input feature position detection device, such as longitudinal movement, direction, speed variations, alternatives, and / or motion, the system identifies the item or character. The system is preferably connected to the input text disambiguation system, or SloppyTypeTM such systems, to improve the accuracy and availability of the system input.


This study examines the trend of knowledge-based information service industry and the cases of related company. Especially in the web 2.0 era, the environment of this industry is changed in terms of demand and supply very rapidly. New trend such as user created contents, collective intellectual and social networking shows up and the companies of the knowledge-based information service industry try to cope with this trend. Cyworld and iMBC in Korea, youtube.com, amazon in U.S. and hatena in Japan are the forerunner in web 2.0 era. This study shows these companies' strategy and new services in new paradigm of web 2.0. Finally, this study suggests that the copyrights law should be revised and adapted to UCC environment and new strategy in company should be developed considering the impact of web 2.0.