Plat ypus anatinus Shaw, 1799: plat e 385 . Ornithorh ynchus aruuinus Shaw, 1799 :10. Type local ity "Australia, New South Wales, New Holland (=Sy dney)." Ornithorhynchus paradoxus Blumenbach, 1800:205. Type locality coast region of New South Wales. Ornithorh ynchus fuscus Peron, 1807 : Tab. 34, fig. 1. Type localit y coast region of New South Wales. Ornithorhynchus rufus Peron, 1807 : Tab. 34 , fig. 2. Type localit y coast region of New South Wales. Ornithorh ynch us crispus Macgillivray, 1827 :128. Type localit y "Tasmania." Ornithorh ynchus laevis Macgilli vray, 1825:132 . No type localit y (Thomas, 1923:177). Ornithorhynchus paradoxi Meckel, 1826. Different spelling of O. paradoxus. Orn ithorhynchus brevirostris Ogilby, 1832:150. Type local ity "Swan River." Ornithorhynchus novaehollandiae Lacepede, 1800:78. Type locality New Holland (=Sydney). Ornithorhynchus phoxinus Thomas, 1923:176. Type localit y "Dinner Creek, Rauenshoe, 2900'," North Queensland . Ornithorhynchus triton Thomas , 1923 :178. Type locality "West of the great dividin g range, in the draina ge-area of the Darling and Murray Rivers ."


One of the important technologies of the 5G is the device to device (D2D) network, where mobile device will communication together either over direct transmission or over multihop transmission without need for the base-station. And it is quite possible that D2D users overlap with human body network. For this reason, we proposed an internet of health things (IoHT) design that make cooperation possible between D2D users and human body sensors. Because we can consider the energy as the rarest provider in the Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). Finding optimal and minimum required transmission power that can achieve a certain level of utility while utilizing as little power for transmission as possible plays an important role in reducing energy consumption. In this paper, we found the required transmission power of four transmission modes: the direct transmission mode, the dual-hop transmission mode, and two incremental cooperative transmission modes with Rayleigh channel fading in proposed IoHT design. In addition, we propose a power-efficient algorithm that we have termed efficient-power transmission mode selection-based (EPTMS) algorithm. The proposed algorithm is select appropriate transmission mode that it provides a minimum required transmission power which ensures a certain transmission rate. The numerical and simulation results exhibit that, when compared with the two master node cooperative protocol (TMNCP), EPTMS can improve network performance under general circumstances.


An encyclopedic, semantic model raises the problem of selective actualisation of those properties (semantic and pragmatic) which are relevant in specific instances of discourse. How can the potentially unlimited semiosis of the encyclopedia be controlled, its limits determined and the direction of interpretation fixed ? The semiotician Umberto ECO speaks of processes of expansion and narcotisation. It is suggested that these processes can be usefully compared to the ones at work in the selection of elements in areas which, although they have no meaning in themselves, still play an important part in the construction of meaning, i.e., vowel distinction and accentual gradability in English.


This paper presents recent results of ongoing European Space Agency funded program of work aimed at developing large dielectric lenses suitable for future satellite missions, with a particular focus on requirements for CMB polarimetry. Two lens solutions are being investigated: (i) polymer lenses with broadband multi-layer antireflection coatings; (ii) silicon lenses with surface-structured anti-reflection coating represented by directly machined pyramidal features. For each solution, base materials with and without coatings have been optically characterized over a range of temperatures down to ~10 K. Full lens solutions are under manufacture and will be tested in a bespoke large cryo-optical facility.


The problems of efficient functioning of the city road network are outlined. The method by which it is possible to improve the functioning of the street-road network of Ukrainian cities is presented. Improving the efficiency of the urban road network is to use all the resources of this network to create the necessary languages for its reliable and efficient operation and reduce the negative effects of motorization.
It is proved that in order to ensure the effective functioning of the road network it is necessary to carry out a set of measures for the organization and management of traffic.
The purpose of this article is to identify factors that affect the deterioration of operating conditions; identify the conditions for the effective functioning of the road network; the choice of a model for the effective functioning of the street-road network of Ukrainian cities is grounded. Because the management impact on traffic flow can be estimated on the basis of the developed models.
Keywords: road network, efficient operation, methods, conditions.


Abstract The paper proposes an algorithm for applying the perspective correction of images containing human faces. Based on the coordinates of the two eyes, of the center of the mouth and of a point on the line of the mouth, one can estimate the angle of inclination of the face. After applying the perspective correction, the area corresponding to the face can be used by a face recognition algorithm based on aspect in order to improve the good recognition rate.


Wild turkey ( Meleagris gallopavo L., 1758) populations have grown considerably in the Midwestern U.S. alongside mesocarnivores, such as coyotes ( Canis latrans Say, 1823) and bobcats ( Lynx rufus Schreber, 1777). However, few studies have assessed habitat overlap between mesocarnivores and turkeys with a goal to understand potential impacts of mesocarnivores on turkeys. We captured and radiomarked bobcats, coyotes, and wild turkey hens in southern Illinois during 2011-2013 in an agricultural landscape and created single species resource selection and overlap models. Wild turkeys and bobcats demonstrated concentrated use in forested areas whereas coyote use was highest in agricultural areas. We documented wild turkey nests ( n = 107) and hen mortalities ( n = 28), which were used to model the effect of bobcat, coyote, and wild turkey habitat use on turkey nest success and mortality. Increased coyote use was associated with higher nest success and increased turkey use was asso...


So-called durbachites and related rocks within the Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines gneiss of the Vosges massif (Haut-Rhin, France) have been mapped. Their origin seems to be related to the nature of the original rock, their position relative to a nearby biotite-amphibole granite, and the proximity of a coarse two-mica granite at shallow depth. They are considered to have formed by desilication of leptynitic rocks and later feldspathization. Microsyenites which extend farther northward in the Urbeis gneiss at the margin of the amphibole granite represent magmatic counterparts of the durbachites.


Field emission displays (FEDs) have been considered as one of the most promising next-generation flat panel display (FPD) technologies due to its excellent display performances and low energy consumption. Phosphors are irreplaceable components for FEDs. The exploration of highly efficient low-voltage FED phosphors is the focus of enhancing energy efficiency and realizing high-quality display. This chapter summarizes the recent progress in chemical synthesis and improvement of rare earth and transition metal ion-activated inorganic FEDs phosphors with powder and thin film forms. Discussion is focused on the modification of morphology, size, surface, composition, conductivity of phosphors, and corresponding effects on their cathodoluminescent properties. Special emphases are given to the selection of host and luminescent centers, the adjustment of emission colors through doping concentration optimization, energy transfer, monoor codoping activator ions, the improvement of chromaticity, color stability and color gamut as well as the saturation behavior and the degradation behavior of phosphors under the excitation of low-voltage electron beam. The authors also speak about the research prospects and future directions of FED phosphors and give some recommendations to facilitate the further exploration of new and highly efficient low-voltage FED phosphors. G. Li Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China e-mail: email@example.com J. Lin (&) State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China e-mail: email@example.com © Springer Science+Business Media Singapore 2016 R.S. Liu (ed.), Phosphors, Up Conversion Nano Particles, Quantum Dots and Their Applications, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-1590-8_2 41


Objective To determine the clinical value of magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging in prognosis of motor function in patients with acute cerebral infarction. Methods 30 cases of acute cerebral infarction were accepted by magnetic resonance imaging( MRI) and magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging( DTI),with fractional anisotropy( FA) as the detection parameter. Additionally,Brunnstrom scores were also uesd for these patients. Results FA of white matters in affected side of the patients with cerebral infarction was significantly lowerthan the contralateral side( P 0. 01). Statistical analysis showed that the degree of ipsilateral corticospinal tract injury was significantly associated with muscle strength of hemiplegic side( Y = 0. 774,P 0. 05). The DTI grading of these 30 patients was positively correlated with the degree of their muscle weakness( rs = 0. 75,P 0. 05).Conclusion DTI can demonstrate the degrees of involvement of the fiber bundles in white matters of patients with cerebral infarction clearly,well evaluating the motor dysfunction. It has important clinical value in predicting the prognosis of motor function in patients with acute cerebral infarction.


where Qf is the net transvascular fluid flow, K is the fluid filtration coefficient, P is the hydrostatic pressure in the microvascular* lumen (mv) and perimicrovascular* interstitial fluid (pmv), respectively; a is a weighted plasma protein reflection coefficient which determines the "effective" transvascular protein osmotic pressure difference; and II is the protein osmotic pressure in the plasma (mv) and perimicrovascular (pmv) compartments, respectively. According to Equation 1, the two major types of edema are that due to increased driving pressure (high pressure edema) and that due to altered integrity of the microvascular membrane (permeability edema). High pressure edema may be of cardiac origin (increased microvascular hydrostatic pressure due to left atrial hypertension), but it also may occur when cardiac function is normal as in overexpansion of extracellular volume by crystalloid fluid infusions' (increased pulmo-


Sensible activity, exceeding the visual threshold of sensibility and its objectivity, explained the primal relation of man and world, constructing the existentialism of Marxism philosophy. It disintegrates, from root, intellect metaphysics, and expresses the philosophical threshold of surval.


The aim of this experiment is to investigate the effect of ciprofloxacin on the plasma cholesterol, triacylglycerol and phospholipids in male albino rats. Sixty five male albino rats(110-280g) were used for this study; they were divided to 13 groups each containing 5 rats each.Group 1 serves as the baseline, which were not injected with the drug, then group 2-7 serves as the control group and group 8-13 serve as the ciprofloxacin group, the ciprofloxacin group were injected with ciprofloxacin intraperitoneally and also the control group were injected with normal saline solution and the animals were sacrificed from each group at intervals of day 2, 4, 6,8,10and day 15(this after withdrawal of the drug and normal saline for 5 days).The activities of cholesterol, triacylglycerol and phospholipids in the plasma were observed to be of no significant effect (p <0.05) in the ciprofloxacin-treated group when compared with the control group. As a result of this it can be concluded that ciprofloxacin cause no significant accumulation of cholesterol, triacylglycerol and phospholipids in the plasma of the male albino rats.


A recent preprint of Csik\'os, Pyber and Szab\'o (arXiv:1411.7524) proves that the diffeomorphism group of $T^2\times S^2$ is not Jordan. The purpose of this paper is to generalize the arguments of Csik\'os, Pyber and Szab\'o in order to obtain many other examples of compact manifolds whose diffeomorphism group fails to be Jordan. In particular we prove that for any $\epsilon>0$ there exist manifolds admitting effective actions of arbitrarily large $p$-groups $\Gamma$ all of whose abelian subgroups have at most $|\Gamma|^{\epsilon}$ elements. Finally, we also recover some results on nonexistence of effective actions of compact connected semisimple Lie group on manifolds.


The Medical Journal of Australia ISSN: 0025-729X 2/16 December 2002 177 11/12 685 ©The Medical Journal of Australia 2002 www.mja.com.au Christmas Offerings A HEALTHY YOUNG MAN, upon placing the palm of his hand on a wooden floor, experienced an immediate severe burning sensation. A small black shiny beetle was found lying partially crushed. The initial burning pain in the palm subsided, but a dull discomfort persisted for several hours. Examination revealed two areas of dark yellow-brown discoloration, resembling the colour of iodine, on the palm (Box 1). These measured about 1 2 cm, with a surrounding halo of mild erythema. The affected skin had normal texture, markings, and sensation, and no blistering or vesication was seen. The patient remained systemically well throughout the episode. No evidence of external biting, stinging or defensive apparatus was found on inspection. The skin changes lasted 3–4 days, and resolved completely. The beetle was identified as a species of bombardier beetle by Daniel Bickel of the Australian Museum, Sydney. Bombardier beetles belong to the large Carabidae family of active predatory ground beetles, and comprise the subfamily Brachininae, with some 500 species. One species, Pherosophus verticalis, is widespread in Australia (Box 2). Chemicals are used defensively by many ground beetles, usually discharged as a fine spray when threatened. At least nine diverse groups of noxious chemicals have been found in these insects, including acids, phenols, hydrocarbons and quinones.1 When threatened, bombardier beetles emit a defensive spray of heated benzoquinones from the tip of the abdomen.2 The quinones are produced explosively at the moment of ejection. This involves a two-chamber system — an inner reservoir chamber stores a solution of hydroquinones and hydrogen peroxide, and a separate reaction chamber contains oxidative enzymes (catalase and peroxidase).3 Mixing of the reaction components leads to catalytic events, with a rapid build-up of pressure from liberated oxygen, and explosive discharge of oxidised benzoquinones (Box 2). This can be accompanied by an audible "pop". The temperature of the emitted reaction mixture has been measured at 100 C.3 This boiling spray can be directed in all directions by a revolvable turret arrangement on the abdominal tip, and effectively deters both vertebrate and invertebrate predators.4 Australia is rich in beetles, with about 20 000 native species recorded.5 Despite this diversity of forms, beetles are rarely directly harmful to humans.6


type="graphical" xml:id="gpol12200-abs-0002"> The way in which corporations interact with stakeholders plays a decisive role in their public perception. Today, each organisation must consciously define its position in societal discourse and in the interplay of business, politics and society.


Approximately 20% of people diagnosed with epilepsy cannot be treated effectively. Consequently, there exists a significant need for alternative types of treatment. To aid in the effort of solving this problem, the authors have developed a prototype system that will monitor neuron activity to detect a seizure and terminate seizures in their initial stages. The system consists of 3 blocks: a data acquisition system, a seizure detection unit, and a stimulation device. The data acquisition system includes a detector implanted in the brain. This detector collects raw electrical waveforms that are filtered for the presence of neural action potentials by special signal processing equipment. The quantity and frequency of these neural action potentials is sent to the seizure detection unit, which employs a specially designed algorithm to detect pre-seizure activity in single neuron firing patterns. If the presence of pre-seizure activity is discovered, the seizure detection unit sends a signal to the stimulation device, which emits an electrical signal into the brainstem, thereby preventing a full seizure. This prototype is tested in rats treated with pentylenetetrazol (PZT) a known seizure inducing drug.


We explore the overall situation of women on boards in Norway, Germany and Italy and review the debate surrounding women's involvement in governance. Italy and Germany are following the law path undertaken by Norway to reach the women quota in boardrooms. We use data to demonstrate the quota law is a success and argue it should be considered an example to follow. We discuss some propositions on how gender diversity brings different value creation within boardrooms accordingly with the critical mass approach. Moreover, the paper explores in a synoptic overview the micro and macro-level dimensions of the three countries considered.


The general purpose of this study was to assess school-based sexual and reproductive health education among female secondary school students.Subsequently the study examined the perspective of Science teachers and their views on school-based sexual and reproductive health education, as well as sex education in the current curriculum. This research had been designed with multiple studies conducted using a mixed methods approach. In phase I of the quantitative study, 520 female students were selected for this cross-sectional study by using a two-stage stratified random sampling. In all, 10 secondary schools were randomly selected as study sites from a total of 276.Subsequently, in phase II; a generic qualitative data gathering was conducted. The participants were science teachers selected by purposeful sampling from selected government secondary schools in phase I. Data were also harvested from semi-structured interviews with science teachers, and a contextual textbook analysis. The findings, in regards to the female student's knowledge about sexual and reproductive health, revealed that the level of total knowledge was moderate. Additionally, the findings of this study revealed that female students were only moderately aware about issues regarding puberty and condom use. The conclusion drawn from the student participants suggested that a majority of respondents fell into the moderate sexual attitude category which clearly indicates that the surveyed subjects were "uncertain" about their attitudes towards sexual matters. Besides, the findings from this study clearly demonstrated that specially trained teachers are necessary for delivering this course. The results of the current study were in line with literature which found that most of the teachers for this subject did not receive any special training. On the other hand, regarding the constraints of the current school-based sexual and reproductive health education program, the majority of participants named teaching strategy and capacity of teachers, the lack of co-operation from the school and parents, limited resources in teaching and students themselves as some of the challenges. Thus, before a school-based health program can be introduced into the classrooms, the training of specialized teachers becomes a key consideration.


This book can be used by researchers in stochastic approximation, recursive estimation, adaptive control, signal processing, and Monte Carlo optimization. It may also be used as an advanced graduate-level textbook for a topics course on stochastic processes, recursive estimation, or asymptotic statistics. In conclusion, this book presents a treatise on stochastic approximation and recursive estimation with an illuminating introduction to the Ž elds, and various theoretical and practical issues. It is a welcome addition to the literature pertaining to systems theory and control, signal processing, and other related Ž elds. It is conceivable that this book will have a signiŽ cant impact on these Ž elds.


As a new product,the liquid coherent transmission device trasmits the power using the Newton internal friction law by the liquid coherency or the lubricant film shearing force.Has made the simple introduction of the principle and the constitution to the liquid coherent transmission device,and made the detailed analysis of the reason which the quantity of heat produces under its working conditon.Finally,it has made certain analysis and the research to the liquid coherent transmission device with the cooling system.


Intra-esophageal pressure was measured in patients with unusual sensation of the pharynx and larynx. The results were compaired with those in normal subjects and the interest was on analysis of the cause of this ailment.The characteristics of the results were summerized and described as follows:1) Cessation of peristalsis in the patients was observed more frequently than in normal subjects.2) Some showed a general slowing of peristalsis and some showed a fast peristalsis in the lower esophagus.3) Tow- or Three- peaked waves were observed in many cases, and a wave suggestive of non-peristaltic wave was also observed.4) The above mentioned findings were compatible with x-ray findings in the patients with unusual sensation of the pharynx and larynx.


Energy leaks occur when applications use energy to perform useless tasks, a surprisingly common occurrence. They are particularly important for mobile applications running on smartphones due to their energy constraints. Energy leaks are difficult to detect and isolate because their negative consequences are often far removed from their causes. Few tools are available for addressing this problem. We have therefore developed ADEL (Automatic Detector of Energy Leaks). ADEL consists of taint-tracking enhancements to the Android platform. It detects and isolates energy leaks resulting from unnecessary network communication by tracing the direct and indirect use of received data to determine whether they ever affect the user. We profiled 15 applications using ADEL. In six of them, energy leaks detected by ADEL and verified by us account for approximately 57% of the energy consumed in communication. We identified four common causes of energy leaks in these applications: misinterpretation of callback API semantics, poorly designed downloading schemes, repetitive downloads, and aggressive prefetching.


Thermoelectric cooling modules (TECs) are widely used within electronic equipment for both temperature reduction and control of individual components. The techniques presented in this paper demonstrate that it is possible to construct a simple three-zone model, that represents the transient and 3D properties of a typical TEC, and can be easily built within existing CFD software packages for a known electric current or voltage input. A comparison of compact model results, detailed model results, and experimental results is presented for a typical electronics cooling setup, including a heat source (from which heat is absorbed by the TEC), TEC device, and air-cooled heat sink. Variables examined include heat source power dissipation, TEC current, and heat sink airflow. Finally, the response of the setup to a step function in current is examined to investigate the transient performance of the compact model.Copyright © 2003 by ASME


Excellent electrical properties of latest power devices for improving the efficiency of PV inverters are presented. Power modules using SiC-MOSFET and -SBD exhibit the possibility to realize PV inverters with peak efficiency beyond 99.0%. Silicon IGBT modules using RB-IGBT have enabled to mass-produce PV inverters with peak efficiency of 98.4%. Silicon SJ-MOSFET and discrete IGBT have enabled to improve the efficiency of small power PV inverters by 0.5 point.


Summary Cerebrofaciothoracic dysplasia (CFTD) (MIM%213980),also known as Pascual-Castroviejo type I syndrome, is anextremely rare, although well described, multiple congeni-tal anomaly/mental retardation (MCA/MR) syndromecomprising MR and a constellation of abnormalitiesincluding facial dysmorphism and thoracic costovertebralmalformations. The condition was first describedby Pascual-Castroviejo et al. (1975), and then reported ina small number of additional patients, thus expanding thephenotypic spectrum to less common and variable features,such as ophthalmological findings (Bouzas et al., 2005),various brain computed tomography/MRI abnormalities(Philip et al., 1992; Rufo-Campos et al., 2004), cleft lip-palate (Guion-Almeida et al.,1996),andgrowthhormonedeficiency (Kanaka-Gantenbein et al., 2004; Smigiel et al.,2012).Althoughnocausativegenemutationhasbeendescribed to date, this condition is presumed to beinherited as an autosomal recessive trait on the basis ofparental consanguinity in some families and occurrence insiblings.Wepresentthecaseofan18-year-oldgirlborntoconsanguineous parents who was diagnosed with CFTD onclinical features. This report further broadens the range ofpossible clinical presentations of CFTD and draws atten-tion to possible complications.


Objective To study the perimenopause syndromes of community women and their influence on their quality of life.Methods While the epidemiology survey of female perimenopause syndromes was conducted by the improved kupperman,a survey was carried out on the living quality of women in the community by means of WHO QOL-BREF tables,then the symptoms which affected the living quality of community women were analyzed.Results The scores of the improved Kupperman syndrome were 0~28;the total scores of quality of life were 50~89,and the average score was (65.4±6.4).The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the symptoms affecting the living quality of community women were abnormal feeling,insomnia,low fever and sweating,inactive sexual desire,joint aches,depression,easy agitation and headache.Conclusion Perimenopause syndromes have a high incidence and are popular among community women,which bring some metal trouble to community women and severely affect the living quality of community women.


This study shows that the variations between the annual rainfall of Korea (KOR) and the frequencies of volcanic eruptions (VOL) have strong correlations through the statistical analysis. Results suggest that there are very closed dynamical relationships in decadal variations of KOR and VOL. The variations of KOR, SST (sea surface temperature), and VOL have the short-term cycle of 3-5 years, mid-term cycle of 7-10 years, and long-term cycle of 16-23 years using the wavelet power spectrum and running mean analyses, although the cycles are not exactly clear. It is clear that SST has strongly influenced the decadal variation of KOR. Although it is clear that the steady and continuous increasing trend of SST strongly affected the increasing trend of KOR, the possibility that the variation of SST caused the decadal variation of KOR is low as there are several inconsistent periods between SST and KOR. The variations of VOL are very well synchronized with those of KOR. An especially steep decreasing trend that started from the 2010 AD is perfectly synchronized in slope as well as in time. In conclusion, it is likely that the main factor that causes the decadal variation of KOR is VOL rather than SST. In this study, we describe the recent decline of the rainfall of Korea through the potential effects of global internal forces.


The filtered venting system has the functions of preventing the overpressure breakage of a primary containment vessel of a reactor and reducing the release amount of the radioactive materials to the environment. One of the filtered venting systems is a Venturi scrubber to remove small particles of the radioactive materials. However, the physics of the two-phase flow in the Venturi scrubber has not been clarified. In this study, the experimental results of the water-vapor two-phase flow in a Venturi tube are reported. As the gas flow rate increased, the supply amount of scrubbing water decreased and eventually stopped because the pressure at the throat increased with increasing the gas density. This phenomenon was caused by the gas compressibility. By visualizing the two-phase flow in the Venturi tube, we cannot measure the spraying from the water supply port, which is considered to affect decontamination of the Venturi scrubber. However, it was confirmed that the water film on the wall at the diverging part of the Venturi tube, and the dispersed water droplets were formed intermittently from the water film. In addition, generation of the liquid at the divergent area was observed even though scrubbing water-supply stopped.


Energy poverty is intensely debated lately, mainly at the political level, both in the developed and developing world. The concept of energy poverty refers to issues such as lack of the necessary infrastructure that prevents citizens from having access to various sources of energy. In the Mediterranean region, there is a divergence among countries, regarding both the energy poverty patterns and the related policy framework. Apparent differences also appear between the EU countries and non-EU countries, concerning the existing infrastructure, the energy demand, the availability of natural resources and energy sources and the related policy measures. The aim of this paper is to develop a typology of the energy poverty patterns in the Mediterranean countries and elaborate on the prospects for policy measures. The first part provides the definition of energy poverty and the patterns appearing in the Mediterranean region. The second part presents data issues on the energy consumption and production patterns in the study region. In the third part, the available data and their sources are presented, while the fourth part presents the methodological framework and the tools used in a clustering exercise in order to identify groups of countries with similar characteristics which may be addressed by a common set of policies. The clustering process consists of two separate parts, one including all the Mediterranean countries and a second clustering separately the EU and the non-EU countries in order to identify differences among the two clusters. The fifth part presents the results of the clustering process and the visualization of the new typologies. Finally, in the sixth part, follows a set of conclusions drawn from the resulting typologies, but also the prospects for policy action in the Mediterranean region.


A method for purifying and concentrating at least one nucleic acid fragment of a size greater than 20 bp by formation of a complex between a nucleic acid and a polycationic polymer in the homogeneous phase, binding of the complex to a cation exchange resin and elution by mechanical stirring.


ABSTRACT We predicted the success or failure of fertilization by the presence or absence of a second polar body 6 hours after insemination, and we performed intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) for oocytes that did not produce a second polar body to investigate the efficacy of such rescue ICSI. Cases in which ICSI was performed as scheduled after oocyte collection were classified together as the ICSI group. Those in which the second polar body was confirmed in at least half of the oocytes 6 hours after insemination by in vitro fertilization (IVF) were classified as the IVF group, and those in which the second polar body was not confirmed in at least half of the oocytes 6 hours after insemination and on which ICSI was thus performed were classified as the rescue ICSI group. The fertilization rates in the ICSI group, IVF group and rescue ICSI group were 73.8%, 75.4% and 69.0% without significant differences. Pregnancy rates were 41.0%, 41.0% and 29.8%, in the respective groups without significant differences. Our results strongly suggest that cancellation of embryo transfer is avoided by rescue ICSI when IVF results in all unfertilized oocytes.


It has been suggested that Gernot Bohme's "ecological nature aesthetics" and, in particular, the concept of "atmosphere" central to that aesthetics have great potential in the context of the environmental humanities. Bohme constructs a conception of ontology that grounds the nature or essence of things in their "ecstasies", rather than in those characteristics or attributes that delimit them. That is, he claims that things must be thought not only through those characteristics that allow us to differentiate them from each other, but also in the ways they "go forth from themselves". Atmosphere, then, is produced by such ecstasies, as a state of the "medium" between subjects and objects, yet because such atmospheres are unlocalizable, Bohme ultimately claims they problematize just this subject-object distinction. In terms of cinema, we might wonder whether "atmospheric effects" are to attributable to the films that emit them or our own capacity for intuitively construing such ecstasies in particular atmospheric tones. In this paper, I'll sketch out some ideas about how Bohme's aesthetics might be made use of in the study of cinema, and explore the concept of cinematic "atmosphere" in relation to examples taken from the films of Apichatpong Weerasethakul. In adapting some of Bohme's notions, I'll also make use of Robert Sinnerbrink's work on mood in cinema, and Martin Lefebvre's writing on both landscape and the aesthetics of C.S. Peirce. Both Bohme and Lefebvre aim to overcome a "dualism" between inquiry in the natural sciences and the humanities by developing a broad, phenomenological conception of aesthetics, for which the study of "autonomous" artworks, and the atmospheres or qualities they produce, are only a special field of investigation. In considering the two perspectives together, I'll finally aim to show the relevance of Bohme's philosophy in the context of eco-criticism and some (relatively) contemporary film-philosophical debates.


Health care services are a highly competitive, complex and technology driven market. In the discussion of National Health Care Systems, a level of context uncertainty adds to the existing, intrinsically, within units examination operations. In this work, a novel combination of the methodology of Scenarios Planning with Discrete Event Simulation is developed and explored to addressed this problem in Atomedical, a private Nuclear Medicine practice unit, localized in Lisbon, Portugal. The objectives of the unit managers decision problem were focused in the examination operations performance (service quality and operating costs). The use of a Scenarios Planning methodology allowed to overcome the challenges of unit environment. It also guided the definition of scenarios that covered a wide range of problem context uncertainties. By using a new approach focused in operations, this methodology provided further understanding of Atomedical through a structured system analysis, with the identification of relevant variables within the problem. This gave support to the development of coherent scenarios and strategies for succeeding system study. Discrete Event Simulation was used to address the uncertainty regarding the procedure in operations. This simulation methodology allowed the evaluation, inside Scenarios Planning, of the drawn strategies and scenarios through complementary setups of an Atomedical unit model. Model and simulations were implemented using the SIMUL8 simulation software. The results of this methodology do not intend to provide unit managers with a solution for their problem, but rather a deeper understanding of it. The Scenarios Planning methodology was successful in systematically explore both operations system and environment context uncertainties of a multi-variable problem as in Atomedical, although it requires many technical choices. Learning how different contexts influence the unit, and the impact of different strategies, provides unit managers the tools to handle future realization of paths explored in scenarios.


In spite of modern and sophisticated techniques, procedures of selective dissolution are still of considerable value for soil characterization and to the understanding of the pedogenetic process, especially environments and soils poorly studied, as the coastal plain regions and Spodosols of Brazil. The application of these techniques commonly used for characterization of spodic horizons and soil profiles for large amount horizons and soils studied in cronossequences are rare for those environments and become possible to establish comparisons with those intensively studied under boreal and temperate climatic. In spite of the recognized limitations of all selective dissolution techniques these used procedures were relatively selective and become possible (a) the differentiation of the horizons, (b) deduce mineralogical components of soil, and (c) deduce pedogenetic process. The studied soils are situated in Bertioga, Cananeia and Ilha Comprida counties, Sao Paulo State, where were opened, make the morphological descriptions and sampled thirty-one pedons. The main results reached are: cold 0,5 M NaOH extracted in average 22 to 30 % more Al than dithionite-citrate (Ald), oxalate ammonium (Alo) and Na pyrophosphate (Alo) for all group of samples. In some well drained spodic horizons (Bs, Bhs and Bsm) the chemical properties (pH) and the relationship among the different techniques (Aln-Alo; Alo-Alp; Alp/Alo; Alp/Ald) allowed to deduce about the formation and maintenance of low cristallinity Al minerals to the detriment of this element bounded to soil organic matter. This last form of Al predominates in the hidromorphic Spodosols.


Introduction: Acrochordons are very prevalent in dermatological offices and can reach almost 60% of the population over 70. One possible therapeutic approach is contact cryotherapy. Objectives: Compare pain tolerance, aesthetic results, and the preference of participants for electrocoagulation or contact cryotherapy techniques in the treatment of acrochordons. Methods: Ten participants, with at least four acrochordons each, had their lesions divided into two groups. One group was submitted to electrocoagulation and the other to contact cryotherapy. We measured pain tolerance using the analog pain scale (EAD). The aesthetic result was assessed by visual comparison between the treatment groups in each participant, and the patient's preference was evaluated by asking the participant objectively. Results: All points analyzed had statistical significance. The participants gave lower scores in EAD for lesions submitted to contact cryotherapy. The esthetic result evaluated after 30 days was superior in the lesions of the electrocoagulation group. All participants preferred the contact cryotherapy technique. Conclusions: Contact cryotherapy is the preferred method with better pain tolerance in treating acrochordons, but the aesthetic result was better with electrocoagulation.


Predictive contagion models are ubiquitous in epidemiology, social sciences, engineering, and management. This paper formulates a prescriptive contagion analytics model where a decision-maker allocates shared resources across multiple segments of a population, each governed by continuous-time dynamics. We define four real-world problems under this umbrella: vaccine distribution, vaccination centers deployment, content promotion, and congestion mitigation. These problems feature a large-scale mixed-integer non-convex optimization structure with constraints governed by ordinary differential equations, combining the challenges of discrete optimization, non-linear optimization, and continuous-time system dynamics. This paper develops a branch-and-price methodology for prescriptive contagion analytics based on: (i) a set partitioning reformulation; (ii) a column generation decomposition; (iii) a state-clustering algorithm for discrete-decision continuous-state dynamic programming; and (iv) a tri-partite branching scheme to circumvent non-linearities. Extensive experiments show that the algorithm scales to very large and otherwise-intractable instances, outperforming state-of-the-art benchmarks. Our methodology provides practical benefits in contagion systems; in particular, it can increase the effectiveness of a vaccination campaign by an estimated 12-70%, resulting in 7,000 to 12,000 extra saved lives over a three-month horizon mirroring the COVID-19 pandemic. We provide an open-source implementation of the methodology in an online repository to enable replication.


Abstract Based on progressively Type-II censored samples, this paper deals with the estimation of R = P(X < Y) when X and Y come from two independent inverted exponentiated rayleigh distributions with different shape parameters, but having the same scale parameter. The maximum likelihood estimator and UMVUE of R is obtained. Different confidence intervals are presented. The Bayes estimator of R and the corresponding credible interval using the Gibbs sampling technique are also proposed. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to compare the performances of the different methods. One illustrative example is provided to demonstrate the application of the proposed method.


Russia like other European countries is seeing a growing trend to increased life span of its population. This situation results in an urgent need to address problems not only those related to provision of qualified medical care but a special treatment to protection of rights and legal interests of elderly people. In accordance with effective legislation of the Russian Federation aging and elderly patients enjoy all rights and freedoms of capable citizens, but due to their physical and mental condition they are not always able to exercise their rights. Federal law "Legal basis of health care in the Russian Federation" does not provide for representatives of such group of patients to take part in medical care provision. It is necessary to ensure additional legitimate right protection mechanisms in the legislation for capable elderly patients in the sphere of medical care. The government should act as a guarantor of rights protection for such socially vulnerable group of population.


Recently zebrafish (Danio rerio) and medaka (Oryzias latipes) become the most useful model organisms since they are primitive vertebrates yet have many advantages over the other, such as light-induced spawning, easy transgenesis, transparent embryos, accessible mutagenesis, various mutants and complete genomic information. These advantages of model fish embryos are the most effective ways to map expression profiles, to dissect the regulatory cis-elements and to identify the gene functions of vertebral genes. Germ-line transmission is much more easily accessible. Transgenic line carrying a specific tissue tagged by fluorescent protein live marker becomes a powerful tool to study developmental biology because they enable to recapitulate the expression of endogenous genes. Furthermore, the transparent embryos are available for observation and tracing dynamic expression of a specific gene during embryogenesis. Transgenic fish can also serve as a simple animal model to study human diseases because defective phenotypes of some zebrafish mutants are similar to certain human diseases symptoms. Transgenic model fish are potentially applied as biosensors for detecting the environmental pollutants. In addition, the gene transfer technology can also be applied in commercial fish to enhance the quality or to improve the genetic characters of aquaculture broodstocks. The anti-freezing transgenic salmon and the fast-growing transgenic fish and shellfish have been reported and consider as the most successful cases until now. It highlights a new access to the modification of food fish and shellfish. However, the issues of genetically modified organisms (GMO) are still controversial. Food safety and ecological impacts are the major concerns before GMO are put in the market. Interestingly, new pet fish species that glows colorfully in the dark can be achieved by transferring fluorescent protein genes. Therefore, we conclude that transgenic fish is apt for modern biomedical researches and applications as new materials.


We dealt with the challenge of cognitive brain state prediction as proposed by the Pittsburgh Brain Activity Interpretation Competition (PBAIC) 2007. The problem was decomposed in many subsequent steps: pre-processing, feature selection, learning model selection, model training, and post-processing. We investigated the steps combining unsupervised and supervised learning techniques and assessed the most effective technique to permorm each of them. The final predictions have been produced by using a mixture of different learning models: k-means, recurrent neural networks, gaussian process regression, iterated conditional mean.


Professional abilities can not meet the requirements of enterprises for most E-commerce graduates obviously.Therefore,the most important thing for college teaching is understanding core competencies for E-commerce professionals.In this paper,based on a variety of research results,we firstly divide E-commerce jobs into four categories including operation,art,customer service and technology.Second,we collect 2 500 numbers of responsibilities and requirements in E- commerce jobs by using the locomotive data acquisition software,then carry out text data mining on the job responsibilities and requirements.Finally,the core competencies of the four categories of E-commerce jobs can be obtained.It provides an important consult for colleges to cultivate E-commerce talents.


This paper aims to assess the relevance of different sources of TO for Brazilian industries and to compare the results with those obtained in science-frontier countries. The paper uses micro level data from PINTEC (2003). The paper covers two different sources of TO: extra-mural sources of knowledge and technological trajectories and compare them with sectoral RD (ii) the distinguishing factors in terms of innovative strategy and performance are different. They refer, on the supply side, to sources of information outside Brazil, that is, most innovative industries require international sources of information and do not use Brazilian scientific and technology institutions. On the demand side, behavior is framed by market regulation institutions that require the use of productive standards. Therefore, most innovative industries make use of certification agencies to attend to market regulation standards, that is, innovation in Brazil is not associated with technological breakthroughs but it is related to following quality patterns; (iii) this pattern of distinguishing sectors is quite different from leading countries' results whose distinguishing features are proximity to science and the use of higher education and research labs. # The authors are grateful for the financial support from FAPERJ and CNPq. This paper could not be written without the access to the PINTEC database at IBGE. We thank the people from IBGE that provided this access and more specifically Mariana Reboucas, Carlos Lessa and Reynaldo. 1 (Lecturer at Instituto de Economia at the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Address: Av. Pasteur, 250; Praia Vermelha – Rio de Janeiro – RJ; CEP 22.290-240; Brazil. Phone: +55 21 3873 5243; e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com) 2 (Lecturer at Departamento de Economia at the Universidade Federal Fluminense. Rua Tiradentes, 17, Inga, Niteroi, 24210-240. Tel: (21) 2629.9716. E-mail: email@example.com) 2


This commentary discusses the Court of Appeal's decision in Crowter v Secretary of State for Health and Social Care handed down on 25 November 2022. The appellants argued that s.1(1)(d) of the Abortion Act 1967, the foetal impairment ground for abortion, was incompatible with Articles 8 and 14 of the European Convention on Human Rights for perpetuating discriminatory attitudes towards people with disabilities. The appeal was unsuccessful. In rejecting their argument, the Court of Appeal considered European and international human rights standards on discrimination, and distinguished between the direct and social impacts of discrimination. This commentary will engage with these arguments, and situate the decision within the broader context of recent changes to abortion laws in the United Kingdom and worldwide.


Water soluble protein of tartary buckwheat (TBWSP) was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation with DEAE- Sepharose FF chromatography and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration. The antitumor effects of the fractions against human mammary cancer cell Bcap37 were studied with MTT assay. The fraction of TBWSP31 showed that higher antitumor activity, and time- and concentration- dependent antitumor effects were observed. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the molecular weight of TBWSP31 is 57000. CD analysis showed that TBWSP31 has α-helix(33.9%), β-sheet(22.8%), β-turn(11.3%), and random coil (32.0%).


The present works was planned with the objective of preparing nifedipine (N) solid dispersion in Poloxamer-188 by using aerosil 300 as adsorbent and were investigated with the view to design sustained release tablets of nifedipine. As nifedipine is practically insoluble in water and aqueous fluids; its solid dispersion in poloxamer 188 has markedly enhanced the dissolution rate of nifedipine. Sustained release tablets were formulated employing nifedipine dispersion in poloxamer 188 and Polyethylene oxide (PEO) was used as rate controlling polymer to control the release of drug from the tablet while coming in contact with the aqueous medium. The sustained release tablets gave slow, controlled and complete release over a period of 14 hrs. Drug release from these tablets followed zero order kinetics and the release was diffusion controlled. The 'n' values obtained from Korsmeyer-Peppas plots were within the range of 0.560-0.825, indicates the drug released by both diffusion coupled with erosion. The FT-IR study were also indicating the absence of strong interactions between the components and suggesting drug- excipient compatibility in all the formulations examined.


Nowadays, with the development of eye tracking technology, the gaze-interaction applications demonstrate great potential. Smooth pursuit based gaze typing is an intuitive text entry system with low learning effort. In this study, we provide a language-prediction function for a smooth-pursuit based gaze-typing system. Since the state-of-the-art neural network models have been successfully applied in language modeling, this study uses a pretrained model based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and develops a prediction function, which can predict both next possible letters and word. The results of a pilot experiment have shown that the next possible letters or word can be well predicted and selected. The mean typing speed can achieve 4.5 words per minute. The participants consider that the word prediction is helpful for reducing the visual search time.


Phenomenon of lining cracks is one of the familiar diseases during highway tunnel construction. Based on the monitoring data and actual geological situations of Sangongjing tunnel,causes of cracks and their development are generalized by means of direct and back analysis from the viewpoint of mechanics. The application range of tunnel design norm is discussed and compared with the method of site monitoring or back analysis;meanwhile,the reasonable design and construction projects are suggested. Then,the internal force condition of the second liner lying in a certain section is analyzed as an example,which is checked up as an intensity index,aiming to explain the cracks. Result of synthetically analyzing and mechanical computation turns out that the unsymmetrical load is the main cause of the cracks in tunnel lining. Finally,synthetically disposal measures proposed in this paper show the effect is satisfactory after it being enforced.


With the continuous development of mobile internet, smart mobile terminal is now tightly integrated in the information system. As the extension of the traditional information system, the real-time problem of data transfer for mobile terminal has become particularly important. In the process of development based on Android platform, traditional method of pulling can keep the data synchronization between the Android terminal and server-side. Each Android terminal has to poll the server to see whether data is updated, which wastes a lot of unnecessary network traffic and mobile-phone battery. In order to overcome the weakness of pulling method, we create an application using the cloud pushing based on Android GCM service, which is integrated into our information management system. The new data is sent to Android client-side by the server. The result shows that it enhances the timeliness and effectiveness of the information, reduces online traffic and saves Android terminals' power.


Data is being generated on real-time basis globally through various devices and innumerable transactions captured digitally. It is valuable information which provides objectivity and a precious tool for informed decision making. However there are challenges to organize and regulate this data and to ensure privacy and confidentiality to the individuals and institutions generating this data. There is crying need to develop new paradigms and mechanisms to ensure superior outcomes for the society and the economy through a global coordination. While there are challenges of conflicting interests and handling of the huge data, there is need to appreciate the urgency to address the problem by all stakeholders.


Research universities worldwide have been taking reform actions to enhance their competitiveness in the global higher education market; however, the implementation of new initiatives may lead to challenges for university leadership. Faculty resistance is regarded as one of the most common obstacles faced by university leaders. Taking a qualitative approach based on Kotter's leading change model, this study adopts École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne as a case study to explore change management strategies adopted by university leadership in an attempt to ensure a planned transformational change. By analysing 22 interviews with university administrators and faculty members, this study reveals that the president of École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne managed changes through approaches that included vision creation, coalition formation, communication, faculty empowerment and culture consolidation. Additionally, the study shows that Kotter's change model, which was designed for business organizations, could not be applied to the analysis of the change management process in the context of higher education without modifications due to institutional and cultural differences.


The research aims to describe: (1) the coherence elements in Scarlett's product advertisement on Facebook , (2) Self-esteem values in Scarlett's product advertisement on Facebook , and (3) the development of students' self-esteem in Scarlett's product advertisement on Facebook. The research uses qualitative. The data collected were selected differently and will be interesting to examine aspects of speech coherence. The data source comes from @scarlett whitening's Instagram . This research employs pragmalinguistic and qualitative descriptive to collect dat. This research uses the distributional method called the technique for direct elements techniques. Triangulation of sources and theories triangulation techniques are used to test the integrity of the data received. This reseach indicates that the coherence contained in the Scarlett's product advertisement has 10 relationships, 4 values of self-esteem, and the development of self-esteem values in students.


Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) most commonly presents as painless lymphadenopathy [1]. Much less commonly, liver abnormalities can be the initial manifestation. In one series of 421 consecutive patients with the disease, only six (1.4%) had liver abnormalities and no palpable lymphadenopathy, with the diagnosis made on liver biopsy [2]. In three (0.7%), at subsequent disease staging, lymphoma appeared to involve the liver solely, and only one developed hepatic failure. In another series, hepatic Hodgkin lymphoma accounted for only 0.07% of patients admitted to a Liver Failure Unit [3]. Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is a rare but important manifestation of HL. We report two cases of HL presenting with liver dysfunction that progressed rapidly to FHF, and in one case, necessitated urgent liver transplantation. A 19-year-old man presented in April 2007 with 4 weeks of fatigue and lethargy. He also had 2 weeks of progressive jaundice and anorexia. There was no fever, night sweats, or a viral prodromal illness. He was not on any regular medication but had had an alcohol binge the weekend before falling ill. Initial physical examination was unremarkable apart from jaundice and an abdominal maculopapular rash. There was no hepatosplenomegaly or palpable lymphadenopathy. In 2001, he was diagnosed with nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) stage I. He achieved complete remission after five cycles of ABV (doxorubin, bleomycin, and vinblastine) chemotherapy with prednisolone, but relapsed in March 2005 with cervical adenopathy and received eight cycles of intensified BEACOPP (bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisolone). Thereafter, he achieved remission and was well until April 2007. At this presentation, initial laboratory tests revealed liver dysfunction, with total bilirubin 591 mmol/L, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 197 U/L (reference range [RR] 32–91), alanine transaminase (ALT) 3866 U/L (RR:545), and g-glutamyl transferase (GGT) 103 U/L (RR:555). International normalized ratio (INR) was 2.5, albumin 30 g/L, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) 540 U/L (RR: 100–200). Serological tests for viral hepatitis A, B, and C and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were negative, as were autoimmune studies. Paracetamol was undetected in blood, and copper studies were normal. Imaging revealed hepatomegaly (15.1 cm) without focal lesions and splenomegaly (14.7 cm) but no lymphadenopathy. A liver biopsy showed non-specific severe acute hepatitis with extensive multiacinar necrosis. No lymphoma cells were identified. There was no significant hepatocellular iron deposition. Immunohistochemical stains for Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus were negative. Biopsy of the abdominal rash raised the possibility of erythema multiforme. Hepatic failure rapidly progressed over the following week with encephalopathy and worsening coagulopathy, leading to urgent liver transplant despite no clear diagnosis. The postoperative course was uneventful.


Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer‐related deaths in the United States and disproportionately impacts Black individuals. Here, we describe the mixed‐methods approach used to develop a tailored message guidebook to promote CRC screening among Black individuals in the setting of recently updated screening guidelines.


Applying Machine learning algorithms to data streams is a challenging task because traditional strategies suppose datasets to be labeled, finite and stationary. In the context of data streams, where the data is generated in real-time and the labels may be missing due to the high cost of the labeling process, the proposal of semi-supervised learning (SSL) strategies to learn from labeled and unlabeled data at the same time seems to be a viable solution, despite also being challenging. In this paper, we present a novel approach to handle missing labels for classification learning in data streams, named co-op training, which is based on self-training incremental and co-training. In a controlled experiment, we execute the proposed algorithm, along with most well-known semi-supervised learning strategies, in 11 artificial and real-world datasets, and compare the results. We found our strategy to be more accurate than the other SSL algorithms in most datasets, also presenting better run-times when accuracies were similar. These methods are implemented in the Massive Online Analysis (MOA) open-source software as an internal benchmark component, to help researchers to run experimental comparisons on semi-supervised learning on data streams easily.


This study observed the case of cognitive load of learners solving mathematics problems by mixing physiopsychological and subjective measurement methods, and empirically explored the cause of increasing cognitive load. Specifically, it was intended to confirm the actual pattern of cognitive load of learners according to the content area and element. Accordingly, the results of the cognitive load analysis of learners who solve mathematics problem were presented and the factors that caused cognitive load in each content area and problem design were derived. Afterwards, by summarizing the analysis and its characteristics, we discussed the implications for mathematics problem solving teaching and learning design and improvement directions.


This study examines NBC's U.S. prime-time broadcast coverage of the 2012 summer Olympic games for gender equality and compares that coverage to previous years. Olympic coverage is particularly important to female athletes because many receive little media attention beyond Olympic competition. The study found that, for the first time since 1996, NBC gave more airtime to women's sports than to men's sports. However, most of that coverage devoted to women's events was confined to "socially acceptable" sports.


An immersion liquid holding device holding immersion liquid in the immersion region including the gap between the projection system and the object to be exposed in an immersion lithography system. In addition, the device also performs the recovery of the immersion liquid from the immersion area. Device comprises a holding member and a first liquid-permeable member and the second liquid permeable member. Holding member has an opening pattern image projected and the outlet portion, the object passes. The first liquid-permeable member has a first surface facing the cover and the object outlet portion, and a second surface in contact with and opposed to the first face and the first chamber. The second liquid-permeable member having a first surface and a second surface facing, with the first surface of the second liquid permeable member is in contact with the first chamber, the second surface of the second liquid permeable member contact with the first chamber is different from the second chamber.


2 CDs + 40 pp. booklet. Musical traditions MTCD356-7. [pounds sterling]16.00. Come, Hand to Me the Glass George Townshend. 2 CDs + 28 pp. booklet. Musical Traditions MTCD304-5. [pounds sterling]16.00. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] The King's Head Folk Club opened in Islington in September 1968, and this double CD collection, showcasing forty-eight tracks, with a running time of 156 minutes, features some highlights from its two-year life. The club had a policy of booking only 'traditional' performers, although this rule was sometimes bent, and recordings of some of the singers were made on a domestic reel-to-reel tape recorder. Modern noise reduction on the best of these has improved them to a very listenable, if somewhat variable, quality. And what valuable recordings they are! Of the traditional singers listed on the club programme reproduced in the notes, only Willie Scott, Charlie Bate, and Fred Jordan do not feature on the CDs. Many of those included will need no introduction, but others may be new to many. There are two recordings here of the great Phoebe Smith; a less well-known traveller, Jack Smith, opens the first CD with a toast and contributes a further six songs. There are six songs from Blaxhall Ship regular Percy Webb, four from Alf Wildman from Bedfordshire, and five from Black Countryman Albert Shaw, as well as single songs from George Belton and Bob Cann, and a set of tunes from Scan Tester. The wonderful Lizzie Higgins gives us three songs, and fellow Aberdonian Daisy Chapman four. Ireland is represented by Seamus Ennis (two songs and two tunes on the pipes), a set of reels and two songs from Margaret Barry and Michael Gorman, and `Skibbereen' from Tim Lyons, as well as tracks from club regulars Freddie McKay and Oliver Mulligan. This is very much a record of a London club and it reflects London's cultural mix, in some measure distinct from the rest of England. The Irish regulars epitomize this, and so do the performances by busker Meg Aitken and club resident Terry Vosper. It would be hard to imagine such performers in the East Midlands clubs I attended at the time. I do, though, recall a cracking night with Albert Shaw in Belper. Hearing him again was for me one of the highlights of these CDs, and though his scurrilous 'Miss Tickle Tovey' isn't here, 'The Benefit Concert' is. He also contributes 'The Horn of the Hunter', and one wonders if he and Fred Jordan might have exchanged these last two songs. Phoebe Smith's singing was almost beyond the scope of the recording equipment available, as the booklet notes indicate, but her two tracks, 'Flash Company' and 'The Game of All Fours', shine through nonetheless. Lizzie Higgins's tracks also stand out, especially her embittered 'My Old Shoes' (Me False Bride'). These are the same recordings of the songs as appear on In Memory of Lizzie Higgins (MTCD 337-8), but it would be rather mean to criticize that, as they are delightful listening, and their inclusion adds a dimension to the overall mix of the second CD, counterpoising Daisy Chapman on the first. …


This research was undertaken by Meridian Wellbeing & Health CIC with support from the DOP@Work Fund of the British Psychological Society's Division of Occupational Psychology to establish the awareness and employment of Occupational Psychology within the Notfor-Profit (Voluntary, Third) Sector. The research was carried out in order to identify opportunities for occupational psychologists to expand their services into this sector, and to establish how the third sector can best benefit from the specialist knowledge and skills offered by occupational psychology, and where it can be targeted at the specific needs of this sector to achieve greater relevance for the sector for enhancement of third sector organisations and services.


(about 40 nm) and small size (about 10 nm). The particle size in o-xylene was about 20 nm, while that in p-xylene was about 75 nm. In valeric acid, dimethyl sulfoxide, and caproic acid, relatively larger palladium particles were obtained in the range 60-100 nm. Thus, the fact that relatively larger particles are prepared in organic solvents whose boiling points are much higher than that of methyl isobutyl ketone indicates the nucleation of palladium seems not to proceed rapidly, but the nuclear growth occurs in an organic solvent with a higher boiling point, resulting in a larger particle size of palladium. Since very stable palladium particles were obtained in methyl isobutyl ketone, the effect of concentration of P d ( a ~ a c ) ~ on the particle size of palladium was studied in methyl isobutyl ketone where the concentration of Pd(acac)2 was between 0.1 and 1.0 mmol dn~-~ . Figure 2 shows that the average diameter of palladium is nearly independent of the concentration of P d ( a ~ a c ) ~ and ranges between 8 and 10 nm. The effect of refluxing time on the particle size of palladium was also studied. Figure 3a shows that the average diameter of palladium is almost constant in all the refluxing times studied. Further, Figure 3b shows that the absorbance of palladium particles in methyl isobutyl ketone increases with an increase of the refluxing time, suggesting that the number of palladium particles increases since the particle diameter is almost constant over a whole refluxing time. It is concluded from the above results that the thermal decomposition of P d ( a ~ a c ) ~ in methyl isobutyl ketone gives relatively monodispersed palladium particles whose stability is considerably high. The particle diameter ranges between 8 and 10 nm. Further, it is also expected that many organo precious metal particles can be prepared in organic solvents from decomposition of their corresponding organic complexes.


The failure of Washington Consensus in the early 1990s forced International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank to address the problems of inequality and poverty through Pro-Poor Growth (PPG). This shift in the global policy debate is evident from the international commitment to the Millennium Development Goals (UN, 2000). The paradigm shift to inclusive growth is evident from the Approach Papers of 11 th Five Year Plan of Government of India (2007-12) which focused on faster and more inclusive growth and 12the Five Year Plan(2012-17) which focused on faster, sustainable and more inclusive growth. Inclusive growth is broad based high growth in which the poor not only benefits there from but also participate in the growth process. It not only creates new economic opportunities but also ensures the equal access to them by all, particularly the poor the maximum possible extent. This paper explores the shift in development economics in the last two decades from Pro Poor Growth (PPG) to Inclusive Growth (IG) with special reference to Indian economy. Finally this paper also offers a theoretical framework for inclusive growth model which can support future research in measurement of inclusive growth for diagnosis of economic progress of a country.


Objective To study on the experts' cognition homoplasy on the common characteristics of "Du-pathogen" in TCM.Methods The questionnaire survey was carried out to 110 highly titled experts in different specialties from 9 different areas with the "Expert Questionnaire" about the characteristics of "Du-pathogen" in TCM based on the previous researches. First, reliability and validity test on all the terms of pathogen were made for descriptive statistics of recognition; then they were classified through cluster analysis and factorial analysis; finally, the characteristics of pathogen were taken as independent variable and "the excessive pathogen damaging the health" was taken as dependent variable for a Logistic regression analysis to explore the correlation between the characteristics of pathogen and this understanding for finding roughly out the consensus of experts.Results The recognition of experts on the 8 characteristics of Du-pathogen (fierceness, cruelty, vital qi damaging, dirtiness, meridians and collaterals damaging, accompanying, multi-damaging, changing with conditions) was above 84%. After internal confidence analysis and structure validity test, the Koruna Bach coefficient was 0.7, factor technical contribution rate was 70%. The cluster analysis and factorial analysis showed that the fierceness, cruelty, and vital qi damaging were often clustered with each other and constituted the factors of main characteristics of Du-pathogen. In the Logistic regression analysis, it was discovered that fierceness, cruelty, and multi-damaging were closely related with the recognition of "the excessive pathogen damaging the health" (P0.05).Conclusion The main characteristics of pathogen are fierceness, cruelty, and vital qi damaging. The recognition of "the excessive pathogen damaging the health" reveals the common characteristics of Du-pathogen to a certain degree.


There is a relationship between employees and enterprises (organizations) that complements each other and correlates, so the psychological tacit understanding between employees and enterprises is crucial. The connotation and significance of psychological contract lies in the internal relationship between the employee's psychological state and its corresponding behavior. The psychological contract has a cohesive and stimulating effect on organizational behavior. The ways to construct a psychological contract include implementing scientific career management; creating a people-oriented corporate culture; designing effective incentives; and achieving optimal coupling of psychological contracts between the two parties.


Background: Hearing impairment degrades the quality of life causing poor communication, limited social activities, disability to protect oneself and even psychological depression, especially in elderly patients. Hearing aids (HA) are considered crucial tools in easing communication for patients with hearing loss. Audiometric informatiom is used to adjust the HA to obtain appropriate benefit, but patients often complain of various inconveniences after wearing a fitted HA. To achieve successful HA efficacy, it is important to confirm if the HA is well satisfying patients.


Our mind tends to recognize shapes and forms in the world. Geometric shapes persist in Art and Architecture from Prehistory to Modern Age. Here we discuss some examples of this "persistence" (sinusoids, catenaries, helicoids). Examples are chosen from Mesopotamian, Gothic, Islamic, Baroque and Modern Art and Architecture.


Objective: To investigate the expression and clinical signficance of Beclin 1 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods: The expression of Beclin 1 protein was detected with immunohistochemical analysis in 54 cases of HCC and pericarcinoma tissues and the relationship between the expression of Beclin 1 with the clinical pathological factors were explored.Results: The positive expres-sion rates of Beclin 1 protein in HCC were significantly lower than that in pericarcinoma tissues(x2=7.53,P0.01).The expression of Beclin 1 were positively related to TNM type,tumor differentiation,venous invasion and lymph node metascasis(P0.01).Conclusions: The expression of Beclin 1 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma decreased.Beclin 1 may act as marker predicting tumorigenesis,develop-ment and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.


The determination of arsenic and antimony species in environmental samples can be used to assist in toxicity assessment, as well as to yield information about environmental processes. Such information about samples from the terrestrial environment was sought. Existing methods for speciation were adapted, including high-performance liquid chromatography ( H P L C ) coupled with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry ( ICP-MS), for the determination of both arsenic and antimony species, and hydride generation-gas chromatography ( H G G C ) with atomic absorption spectrometric ( A A S ) detection and mass spectrometric (MS) detection, for the determination of antimony species. Arsenate, when added to mycelial cultures of Scleroderma citrinum and Macrolepiotaprocera, was reduced to arsenite, but no further processes (i.e., methylation or formation of arsenosugars or arsenobetaine) were observed. This may indicate that the presence of more complex arsenicals in environmental mushroom specimens is dependent on symbiotic interactions between the fungus and its surroundings, rather than resulting from independent synthesis by the fungus. Pleurotus flabellatus oxidized antimony (III) to antimonate (Sb(OH) 6 ) , and formed an antimony-containing metabolite of unknown identity. Water soluble arsenic species were determined in a host of terrestrial and freshwater biota from a hot springs environment (Meager Creek, B C ) and from an area impacted by mining and smelting activities (Yellowknife, N W T ) . Arsenate and arsenite (the more toxic forms of arsenic) were the predominant species extracted from plants, mosses, microbial mats, algae and lichens. Small amounts of arsenosugars and methylated arsenic were detected as well. Arsenobetaine was discovered for the first time in lichens, and it was also the major form of arsenic in freshwater fish. The majority of detectable arsenic in freshwater mussels and snails was as arsenosugars and the tetramethylarsonium ion, respectively. Large amounts of arsenic, of an unknown


Age-related muscle wasting and dysfunction render the elderly population vulnerable and incapacitated, while underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we implicate the CERS1 enzyme of the de novo sphingolipid synthesis pathway in the pathogenesis of age-related skeletal muscle impairment. In humans, CERS1 abundance declines with aging in skeletal muscle cells and, correlates with biological pathways involved in muscle function and myogenesis. Furthermore, CERS1 is upregulated during myogenic differentiation. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of CERS1 in aged mice blunts myogenesis and deteriorates aged skeletal muscle mass and function, which is associated with the occurrence of morphological features typical of inflammation and fibrosis. Ablation of the CERS1 orthologue lagr-1 in C. elegans similarly exacerbates the age-associated decline in muscle function and integrity. We discover genetic variants reducing CERS1 expression in human skeletal muscle and Mendelian randomization analysis in the UK biobank cohort shows that these variants reduce muscle grip strength and overall health. In summary, our findings link age-related impairments in muscle function to a reduction in CERS1, thereby underlining the importance of the sphingolipid biosynthesis pathway in age-related muscle homeostasis.


OBJECTIVE
To review the clinical and laboratory study on the rhubarb in the treatment of Chronic Renal Failure (CRF).

METHOD
Documents of clinical and mechanism study on chinese medicine rhubarb including the simple rhubarb and the rhubarb complex prescription in which rhubarb is the main effective ingredient in recent 10 years were searched and summarized.

RESULT
Clinical application involving dosage forms, prescriptions, usage and effect of the rhubarb and its prescriptions in the treatment of the CRF and their laboratory study progress wre summarized.

CONCLUSION
Rhubarb and all kinds of its complex prescriptions have an assured effect on CRF and their mechanism includes many ways such as ameliorating azotemia, preventing nephritic compensatory hypertrophy and high metabolism situation, and so on. So the rhubarb can be used as an ideal medicine in treating CRF in a long period of time and will have a very brilliant prospect.


Abstract Objective: To compare technical, clinical, and safety outcomes among hip fracture patients treated with procedures supplemented by general anesthesia (GA) or spinal/regional anesthesia (S/R). Data sources: We searched for original studies on PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, and Cochrane databases. Study selection: Studies that reported clinical outcomes in patients that underwent hip fracture surgery, had available data on type of anesthesia administered, and clinical follow-up data were selected for data extraction. Data extraction: The primary outcomes of interest were odds of mortality, including in-hospital, 30-day, 90-day, and 1-year mortality. Various adverse events (AEs) were also compared. Data synthesis: Twenty-eight studies met our selection criteria, including 190,394 patients. A total of 107,314 (56.4%) patients were treated with procedures involving GA while 83,080 (43.6%) were treated with procedures involving S/R. There was no difference in 30-day or >1-year mortality rates between the GA and SR groups; however, compared to S/R group, the GA group had a significantly higher odds of in-hospital (P = .004) and 90-day mortality (P = .004). There was no difference in odds of adverse events between the GA and the S/R group. Conclusions: Patients administered S/R for hip fracture procedures demonstrate lower risk of in-hospital mortality and 90-day mortality compared to patients administered GA. Level of evidence: Therapeutic level III.


Crime scene prediction without human intervention can have outstanding impact on computer vision. In this paper, we present CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) in the use of detect knife, blood and gun from an image. Detecting these threatening objects from image can give us a prediction whether a crime occurred or not and from where the image is taken. We emphasized on the accuracy of detection so that it hardly gives us wrong alert to ensure efficient use of the system. This model use Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU), Convolutional Layer, Fully connected layer and dropout function of CNN to reach a result for the detection. We use Tensorflow, a open source platform to implement CNN to achieve our expected output. The proposed model achieves 90.2% accuracy for the tested dataset.


Pyrogenically produced silica powder having a BET surface area of 30 to 90 m It is prepared by mixing at least one vaporous silicon compound, a free-oxygen containing gas and a fuel gas in a burner of known construction, inflamed this gas mixture at the mouth of the burner and burns in the flame tube of the burner, the solid obtained is separated from the gas mixture and optionally purified, wherein the oxygen content of the gas containing free oxygen is adjusted such that the lambda value is greater than or equal to 1, the gamma-value is between 1.2 and 1.8, the throughput between 0.1 and 0.3 kg of SiO Dispersion containing powder of the invention. The powder can be used as a filler in rubber, silicone rubber and plastics. The dispersion can be used for the production of glass bodies.


Due to lightweight construction of vehicles and ships, the reduction of structure borne interior noise problems with passive isolation of engine vibrations might be not sufficient. To improve the isolation, a combination of passive and active isolation techniques can be used (so-called hybrid isolation). This paper focusses on the influence of the sensor positions on the performance of the active isolation. In general two strategies can be distinguished: sensors located in the accommodation with a direct minimization of the sound field and sensors located near the source of vibration. In this paper attention will be paid to an effective weighting of the near-source sensors in such a way that the interior noise in the vehicle is reduced. Also the nearsource strategy of minimization of the injected power is considered. The latter strategy is theoretically very attractive, but is much more difficult to implement in practice. The techniques are explained and compared to each other with the help of numerical models.


The article gives an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of collegiate court, the involvement of society elements during criminal trials. The author examines the Institute of public participation in legal proceedings in the Russian Empire in the second half of XIX-early XX centuries. Distinctive characteristics and functional problems of estate representatives participation have been under examination. Moreover, much attention is given to the legal framework for conditions and legal proceedings in case of the special presence in the Judicial Chambers. Effectiveness of functioning and comparatively low level of the repressiveness of estate representatives participation in trial by Judicial Chambers has justifiable grounds. It is especially noted that there had been a great amount of institutional and substantive issues in their activity. Well-established positions are encouraged to support the usage of similar institutions in modern criminal procedure after their adaptation to the current level of legal proceedings. The author's conclusions are confirmed by archive material from the State Archive of Irkutsk Region and the Moscow Central Historical Archive.


The executive board of the UvA initially tried to ignore the criticisms and demands put forward by the protesters, but eventually recognized that this strategy was untenable and came forward with a substantial response to the protests: the board presented 'ten points' that would guide its discussion of the future direction of the university. We would like to take the occasion of this special issue of Krisis on the future of the university to take up two of these ten points and discuss in this essay how they could be further elaborated and implemented in student education in the new university, explaining why this is not yet the case. The two points on which we would like to focus are closely related and connected. Point 6 reads: 'Priority to creativity and innovation in education and research' and Point 7: 'Link education with, and value it as highly as, research'


Test holes NC-1 and NC-3 were drilled in the municipalities of Guaynabo and San Juan, respectively, during 1986, as part of a study of the aquifers in the Northern Coastal Province of Puerto Rico. These test holes were drilled to the depths of 635 and 375 feet below land surface, respectively. Hydrologic and geologic data collected include continuous core, water samples, head measurements, geophysical logs, and estimates of the hydraulic properties of the water-bearing zones. Detailed petrological and microfaunal analyses of the core were used to determine the mineralogical content, ages, and paleoenvironments of deposition. The core recovered from test hole NC-1 was from two formations of middle Tertiary age: these were, in descending order, the Cibao Formation and Mucarabones Sand. The core recovered from test hole NC-3 was from three formations: these were, in descending order, the Cibao Formation, the Mucarabones Sand, and undifferentiatcd igneous rocks of early Tertiary or Late Cretaceous age. Five and seven artesian water-bearing zones were encountered in test holes NC-1 and NC-3, respectively. The water-bearing zones in the two test holes contained brackish water. INTRODUCTION Aquifers of the Northern Coastal Province of Puerto Rico are part of a coastward-thickening wedge of highly karstified platform carbonates and minor clastic rocks of Oligocene to Holocene age. This sequence flanks the central mountains of Cretaceous and early Tertiary age, and extends near Aguada in the western part of the island to Loiza, about 30 mi east of San Juan and comprises an area of approximately 700 mi2. Limited hydrologic and geologic data are available for the subsurface coastal areas of northern Puerto Rico. As part of a cooperative study between the U.S. Geological Survey and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (TorresGonzalez and Wolansky, 1984), 15 test holes were drilled (fig. 1) to better understand the geologic and hydrologic characteristics of the aquifers and confining units of the Northern Coastal Province. The results of these test holes are being documented in a series of reports. 1 U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, San Juan, Puerto Rico. 2 Department of Geology, University of New Orleans, Louisiana. 1


The aim of this study was to present the production characteristics of hens and the effect of lutein added to feed for laying hens on some biochemical parameters in the blood. The study involved a total of 298 laying hens Tetra SL hybrids, divided into 3 groups, and lasted for 5 weeks. There was a slightly lower egg production and laying intensity and a higher feed consumption per day and per egg in the experimental groups. Lutein added to mixtures for laying hens did not significantly affect the values of biochemical parameters (P>0.05). It can be observed an increase in glucose (GLU) content and the reduction of albumin (ALB) content in the experimental groups. The lowest content of total (KOL) and HDL cholesterol was recorded in K200 group. The content of protein (PROT) and triglycerides (TGC) was similar between the experimental groups.


An output feedback control law has been formulated in a stochastic setting, based on the principles of minimum variance filtering and dynamic programming, for application to processes that are subjected to randomly varying distributed delays. The proposed estimation and control law for delay compensation is built on the concept of the conventional linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG), called delay compensated linear quadratic Gaussian (DCLQG). Although the certainty equivalence property of LQG does not hold for DCLQG in general, the combined state estimation and state feedback approach of DCLQG offers a suboptimal solution to the control problem under randomly varying distributed delays. DCLQG is potentially applicable to analysis and synthesis of control systems for vehicle management of future generation aircraft where a computer network is employed for distributed processing and on-line information exchange between diverse control and decision-making functions. Results of simulation experiments are presented to demonstrate efficacy of the proposed DCLQG algorithm for flight control of an advanced aircraft.


The article deals with the problem of causal nexus in the civil law. Based on analysis of respective regulations similar in their contents in both Russian and Belarusian civil law, the author comes to conclusion that casual nexus is both a condition of contractual liability and an element of civil structure of damages at the same time. Emphasizing the fact that neither legislation nor judicial enforcement require a researcher to make a strict separation between these aspects both in Belarus and Russia, the author argues that accentuation of one of the above aspects (namely, casual nexus as an element of civil structure of damages) does have its own significance.


WHEN DELEGATES AND observers to the third United Nations conference against racism left the premises in Durban, South Africa, exhausted and still stunned by the difficulties they had faced, they did not have a hint of what was soon to happen. They knew that only by means of accommodation and last minute procedural maneuvers had they managed to reach a "consensus" on the final documents. This should have been enough to tone down any possible enthusiasm. Nevertheless, for most of them, results had undoubtedly had positive aspects. There were reasons to believe the Conference had been worthwhile. Participants could not have predicted that just three days afterwards, while many of them were still in transit on their way back home, the largest terrorist strikes in History would make Durban's difficulties look totally derisory, its final documents buried under the ruins of New York's World Trade Center. They would have never imagined that, in their catastrophic proportions, the September 11, 2001 attacks in the United States, as if underlining the apparent irrelevance of discursive diplomatic quarrels, would create conditions for re-establishing a Hobbesian and frightening "state of nature" in the world, in substitution for international law.


The present disclosure relates to a material composition comprising: a High Density Polyethylene; Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol; and at least one compatibilizer; wherein the material composition comprises flake-shaped particles. The present disclosure further relates to a laminate tube comprising: a body portion; a neck portion; and a tube shoulder; wherein the tube shoulder is made up of a material composition comprising: a High Density Polyethylene; Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol; and at least one compatibilizer; wherein the material composition comprises flake-shaped particles. The present disclosure also relates to a tube shoulder made up of a material composition comprising: a High Density Polyethylene; Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol; and at least one compatibilizer; wherein the material composition comprises flake-shaped particles. The present disclosure further relates to a process for preparing a material composition comprising: compounding a High Density Polyethylene, Ethylene Vinyl Alcohol, and at least one compatibilizer in a twin screw extruder to obtain the material composition; wherein the material composition comprises flake-shaped particles.


The debate about the toxicity of L‐DOPA to dopaminergic neurons has not been resolved. Even though enzymatic and nonenzymatic metabolism of L‐DOPA can produce hydrogen peroxide and oxygen free radicals, there has been controversy as to whether L‐DOPA generates an oxidant stress in vivo. This study determined whether acute or repeated administration of L‐DOPA caused in vivo production of hydroxyl radicals in striatum and other brain regions in rats with a unilateral 6‐hydroxydopamine lesion of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal projections. Salicylate trapping combined with in vivo microdialysis provided measurements of extracellular 2,3‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3‐DHBA) in striatum following L‐DOPA administration systemically (100 mg/kg, i.p.) or by intrastriatal perfusion (1 mM, via the microdialysis probe). Tissue concentrations of 2,3‐DHBA and salicylate were also measured in striatum, ventral midbrain, and cerebellum following repeated administration of L‐DOPA (50 mg/kg, i.p., once daily for 16 days). In each instance, treatment with L‐DOPA did not increase 2,3‐DHBA concentrations, regardless of the nigrostriatal dopamine system's integrity. When added to the microdialysis perfusion medium, L‐DOPA resulted in a significant decrease in the striatal extracellular concentration of 2,3‐DHBA. These results suggest that administration of L‐DOPA, even at high doses, does not induce hydroxyl radical formation in vivo and under some conditions may actually diminish hydroxyl radical activity. Furthermore, prior damage to the nigrostriatal dopamine system does not appear to predispose surviving dopaminergic neurons to increased hydroxyl radical formation following L‐DOPA administration. Unlike L‐DOPA, systemic administration of methamphetamine (10 mg/kg, s.c.) produced a significant increase in the concentration of 2,3‐DHBA in striatal dialysate, suggesting that increased formation of hydroxyl radicals may contribute to methamphetamine neurotoxicity.


A multiproxy sedimentary record from Lake Igaliku in southern Greenland documents 1450 years of human impacts on the landscape. Diatoms, scaled chrysophytes, and C and N geochemistry show perturbations consistent with recent agricultural activities (post-ad 1980), superimposed upon long-term environmental variability. While the response to Norse agriculture (~ad 986–1450) is weak, the biological response to the last 30 years of modern sheep farming is marked, with drastic changes in diatom taxa, δ13C and δ15N isotopic ratios, and a sharp increase in scaled chrysophytes. Indeed, current conditions in the lake during the last 30 years are unprecedented in the context of the last 1450 years. The dominant driver for recent changes is likely an intensification of agricultural practices combined with warming summer temperatures. Warm temperatures and agricultural disturbance together during Norse Landnám did not lead to the marked changes seen in the modern lake environment over the last 30 years. The synergistic response between increased climate warming and agriculture will likely have unanticipated effects. These findings confirm the sensitivity of Arctic lakes to external anthropogenic forcing and are the first analyses of their kind for the effects of agriculture in Greenland.


This article critiques the disease, pain and trauma paradigm in Zimbabwean women's writing in English. In discussing Virginia Phiri's Desparate, Lutanga Shaba's Secrets of a woman's soul, and Valerie Tagwira's The uncertainty of hope, the article becomes a project of analysing the traumatic legacies of the female experience in Zimbabwe. By locating the analysis of the sample female-authored texts in the context of significant political, social and economic experiences in the postcolony, the article reflects on the ramifications of experiencing pain and trauma in a culture where no one is supposed to remember what they saw or experienced. The authors posit in this article that by creating narratives of disease, pain and trauma, Zimbabwean women have crafted a cultural speaking position from which to testify about cultural and social unspeakable. The argument in this article is that in placing the woman at the centre of the drama of pain and trauma, Zimbabwean women writers have feminised pain and trauma representation will increasingly become poetic, as Zimbabwean women's writing in English is developing into testimonial practices, giving birth to a cultural language of trauma.


Friendly interactive interface always significantly accelerate the progress of scientific research. However, most of the commercial softwares cannot meet the demand of a digital holographic microscope. Therefore, we designed a software in order to satisfy this requirement. We use Visual Studio 2010 to build this software, which is based on MFC multi-documents and multi-threads. The main process of designing this software is as follow: 1) Firstly, build the main frame of the software. It is easy to realize the basic interface of Windows style by programming with MFC. The most important thing in this module is adding algorithms and the functions of tool buttons to the program. 2) Secondly, implement functionality of each sub module. In this software, sub modules mainly mean sub windows. In order to have the unity of style, all sub windows use the similar toolbar. Specially, if one sub window have its own functionality, we will add button alone. 3) Thirdly, pass messages among modules. Passing messages among modules is significant in this software. The news in main program must be transmitted to the relevant sub window. The operation information in any sub windows must be transmitted to the main program, or transmitted to other sub windows. In order to make the program more efficient, we utilize multi-thread programming. With a digital holographic microscope, our software has many useful features, such as capturing the hologram of a sample (Holo View), displaying its Fourier spectrum (Fourier View), unwrapping phase map (Phase View), digital refocusing intensity information (Intensity View), drawing 2D line across the sample (2D View) and displaying three-dimensional images (Plot View). The experimental results demonstrate that a digital holographic microscope could be used much easier with the help of our software.


Abstract 1. It is possible to use the equation of Blanchard for butadiene-nitrile rubbers with channel black and aluminum hydroxide. 2. It is shown that vulcanizates of butadiene-nitrile rubbers with aluminum hydroxide are subjected to more marked softening on stretching in comparison with vulcanizates containing channel black. 3. Ideas are put forward relating to the ratio of primary and secondary linkages in vulcanizates on the basis of SKN-26 with channel gas black and aluminum hydroxide.