In the field of orthopedics, the use of additive manufacturing (AM) has skyrocketed. Anatomic models, surgical instruments and tool design, splints, implants, and prosthetics are all examples of AM applications. A review of several research papers reveals that patientspecific orthopedic procedures have a wide range of applications and can help guide future development. This work aims to figure out how to make the most of additive manufacturing applications in the orthopedic field. It also explains how to prepare a 3D printed model using this technology and gives examples of orthopedic applications. In the field of orthopedics, AM provides a versatile solution in which customized implants can be molded to the appropriate shape and size, allowing for replacement with customized items. This technology creates a 3D model of the patient's anatomy that can be used to conduct mock procedures and is useful for extremely complex surgical pathologies. A plaster cast is mainly used for the treatment of fractures but it has some side effects such as itching, burning sensations, etc., so an alternative made of PLA material(which is devoid of the mentioned side effects) is developed. This model is developed for curing TFCC(Triangular Fibro Cartilage Complex) tear which is a type of fracture that may take as long as 12 weeks to heal. The model is designed in such a way that it should fit any person no matter what the size of their hand is. It simplifies the surgeon's job and improves the operation's success rate. By allowing for infinite geometric flexibility, AM allows for a better fit implant for each patient Various scanning methods are used to capture the status of bone defects, and this technology is often used to print the model. It produces a precise physical model that can be used in medical education, surgical preparation, and training. Since each patient's data is unique, this technology will aid in the resolution of current issues.


Printing is an industry that is very rarely noticed by the public and health workers, especially regarding the health and safety of employees. This should get more attention because of jobs in the printing industry also has the risk of health hazards that can affect worker productivity.This study aims to gain an overview of the health problems in workers' complaints printing operator in Makassar in 2013. This type of research is a descriptive study. The number of samples in the study were 146 people from 66 printing and sampling techniques are determined through a purposive sampling method. The data obtained through interviews with respondents using a questionnaire that has been provided.Results showed that respondents who had complaints of dermatitis symptoms was 88 people (60.3%). respondents who had complaints of hearing loss was 9 people (6.2%). Respondents who had complaints of symptoms Musculoskeletal Disorders total of 110 respondents (78.8%), and respondents who had complaints of other health problems such as headaches, nausea, shortness of breath, coughing, sneezing, and sore eyes as much as 115 people (78.8%). Recommended to the printing company to provide PPE such as masks, gloves, and goggles to enable workers to avoid direct contact with chemicals, and provides guidance to all employees about the risk of harm that could occur in the printing.


The Global Software Development has brought an opportunity to software companies to expand the business and market share, also given them the possibility of work with geographically dispersed teams, capitalizing on the advantages of this approach. However, this manner of developing software creates some new challenges, for instance, there is a lack of a formal and normalized model of a software project's data, and artifacts available in a coherent and easy access way for all members involved. The lack of this model makes it difficult for the project members to communicate, understand each other and what is specified on the project's artifacts. Then, this paper proposes a knowledge management tool that utilizes a domain-specific ontology for distributed development environments, intending to help distributed teams to overcome the challenges delivered by the distributed software development model, proposing techniques and best practices. The main result of this research is an ontology-based system to support the software development process with distributed teams.


Introduction ield experience and research demonstrate that manure nutrients can be readily substituted for commercial fertilizer. Fertilizer needs depend on soil test levels. Substituting manure at a lower cost than commercial fertilizer can result in signifi cant savings if relatively uniform application and distribution can be maintained. The less nutrient-dense manure requires more hauling of material to the fi eld. To take full advantage of fertilizer in manure, correct application rates and uniform application are important issues. Typical nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), and potassium (K) contained in different manure sources are detailed in Iowa State University Extension publication, Managing Manure Nutrients for Crop Production (PM 1811).


The article presents the Interpersonal Relationships Laboratory - L'ABRI, created in 2014, discussing the adoption of a method of study and intervention of interpersonal relationships, the formation process of a program of teaching, research and extension in this subject, and the enhancement of interpersonal relations in the everyday living and the proposed interventions. It will also be described the ongoing construction of model of the proposed activities and groups participating in the L'ABRI as well as the goals that point, thought from the process of its formation until now. The guiding theoretical axis is "Bond and Mental Health" and the method used to the activities have been based on phenomenological proposals, as Sociodrama (J. L. Moreno) and the Phenomenological Hermeneutics (P. Ricoeur)


How to quicken the conversion or the a pplication of agricultural science and techniques nowadays when science and technology are developing with a hig h speed?A new approach has been found in Quan Jiao County to promote the extension of advanced farming techniques with Science -Applying Exempl ary Households as"radiative points".In this area,those farming households are the pioneers in the introduction of agricultural science.They play a bridge role in its spreading and they are the backbones in carrying out farming ex periments and demonstra-tion.Consequently they become the e xemplary families who benefit and get rich by those techniques.They form an important part of the extension system.Meanwhile the article approaches the problems of the formation and develop-ment as well as the further education and training of those exemplary fami lies,and of how to manage and guide th em in the future.which provides more fo od for thought in the practical opera tion.


The kinetic theory of charged test particles in a neutral gas, in the presence of static and uniform electric and magnetic fields, is reviewed. The effects of inelastic processes and reactions are included. The general space-time development of the swarms is considered and the relation between the nonhydrodynamic anQ hydrodynamic developments is pointed out. The transport coefficients are identified as statistical averages over the configuration-space and phase-space distributions. The evaluation of these averages by computer simulations is briefly discussed.


Activation of the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) promotes atherosclerosis in animal models and up-regulates the AhR repressor ( AHRR ). Intriguingly, the strongest and most robust epigenetic modifications reported in smokers are altered DNA methylation profiles of AHRR ; however, the functional relevance of these modifications is unclear. Here we integrate AHRR methylation profiles of monocytes (542 CpG sites ± 150kb of AHRR , using Illumina 450K array) with smoking status and ultrasound measured carotid plaque levels from 1,264 participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), as well as cis -gene expression profiles (± 1MB, using RNA sequencing) in a subset (373) of the monocyte samples. Association analysis was adjusted for age, sex, race, study site, and residual sample contamination. RESULTS: Current smoking was associated with methylation of 34 AHRR sites (false discovery rate, FDR -131 ) as previously reported. Over half (59%) of the smoking-associated methylation profiles also correlated with cis -gene expression (of AHRR, EXOC3 , or C5orf55 , FDR AHRR expression was strongly associated with current smoking (p=3.3x10 -21 ). Of the 18 AHRR -associated CpG sites, cg05575921 was most strongly correlated with AHRR expression (corr: -0.42, FDR=4.3x10 -15 ). Cg05575921 methylation profiles also significantly mediated (p=9.1x10 -6 ) the association between current smoking and higher carotid plaque levels. The associations of cg05575921 methylation with smoking (p=0.002) and atherosclerosis (extended fatty streaks, p=0.002) replicated in hepatic biopsies of 141 males (PDAY study). Further characterizing this region, we identified seven CpG sites within 180bp (using RRBS) with methylation correlated with cg05575921, which overlap many predicted regulatory features (in ENCODE and BLUEPRINT monocyte data). CONCLUSIONS: Integration of DNA methylation and RNA sequencing data from ex vivo monocytes revealed a link between the smoking-related methylation of AHRR , induction of AHRR expression, and atherosclerosis. These findings also provide evidence for involvement of the AhR signaling pathway in smoking-related atherogenesis.


In order to improve aspheric surface measuring accuracy, which influences the aspheric machining accu-racy of the workpiece, in this paper, a non -contact measuring technology, automatic focusing system,is presented. We have designed the optical path and circuit system to realize automatic focusing basedon eccentric beam. The optical path consists of the laser, cylindrical planoconvex lens and reflector.The light-sensitive detector adopts the one -dimensional position sensitive device PSD. And the circuitincludes two parts, PSD signal processing circuit and motor drive circuit. The experiments results showthat: the designed system can meet the requirement of automatic focusing well.


Aim/Purpose: Labeling a journal as "predatory" can do great damage to the journal and the individuals that have contributed to it. This paper considers whether the predatory classification has outlived its usefulness and what might replace it.

Background: With the advent of open access publishing, the term "predatory" has increasingly been used to identify academic journals, conferences, and publishers whose practices are driven by profit or self-interest rather than the advancement of science. Absent clear standards for determining what is predatory and what is not, concerns have been raised about the misuse of the label.

Methodology: Mixed methods: A brief review of the literature, some illustrative case studies, and conceptual analysis.

Contribution: The paper provides recommendations for reducing the impact of illegitimate journals.

Findings: Current predatory classifications are being assigned with little or no systematic research and virtually no accountability. The predatory/not predatory distinction does not accommodate alternative journal missions.

Recommendations for Researchers: The distinction between legitimate and illegitimate journals requires consideration of each journal's mission. To serve as a useful guide, a process akin to that used for accrediting institutions needs to be put in place.

Impact on Society: Avoiding unnecessary damage to the careers of researchers starting out.

Future Research: Refining the initial classification scheme proposed in the paper.

NOTE: This Proceedings paper was revised and published in Informing Science: The International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline, 24, 51-82. Click DOWNLOAD PDF to download the published paper.


Aim Ge Zhi Ru Men was published by American missionary William Alexander Parsons Martin(1827—1916) in China in 1868,to examine its introduction,publish and reproduction in Japan,to understand its impact on the modernization of Japan.Methods Literature research and comparative research.Results There are 6 versions of Ge Zhi Ru Men in Japan,such as the version with Chinese pronunciation,Japanese explanation,and so on,now there are many Ge Zhi Ru Men books in Japanese libraries.Conclusion Different versions of Ge Zhi Ru Men had significant impacts on many aspects such as the enlightenment,education of Japanese science and the naming of scientific terminology,even China′s attitude to Western learning played a warning to Japan.


A SPECIFIC TYPE of cerebellar degeneration in 4 patients with amaurotic idiocy recently has been described; i n this type of degeneration, the cerebellar architecture strongly suggested an arrest of development with persistence of fetal architecture.l I n this condition, there was a sharp division of the molecular layer into 2 laminae. The outer lamina occupied the place of the fetal external granular layer b u t contained very few nuclei and capillaries, and the inner lamina had numerous glial nuclei and capillaries. All branchings of Pwkinje cell dendrites were characteristically restricted to the inner lamina and terminated sharply, as if cu t off, a t the border between the 2 laminae. The relative thicknesses of the 2 laminae varied inversely; if the outer lamina was thick, rudimentary Purkinje dendrites branched within a thin inner lamina. If the outer lamina was thin, the arrangement of Purkinje dendrites resembled the normal pattern within a thick inner lamina. Associated characteristics were atrophy of the granular layer and deficient myelination of cerebellar white matter. The present paper reports further observations of arrested cerebellar development. More extensive enzyme studies were done on a patient with amaurotic idiocy; also, arrested cerebellar development was seen with postmeningitic hydrocephalus indicating that it is not specific for amaurotic idiocy.


Nonlinear-laser properties of crystals of non-centrosymmetric orthorhombic semi-organic tris(glycine) zinc chloride Gly3⋅ZnCl2 are reported in this paper. Under one-micron picosecond pumping many-phonon high-order SRS, a more than two-octaves Stokes and anti-Stokes lasing frequency comb, ``Cherenkov''-type SHG, THG, and several cascaded parametric self-sum-frequency generation processes were observed. All recorded Raman-induced laser wavelengths were identified and attributed to the χ(3)-promoting vibration modes of the crystal. A brief review of nonlinear-laser properties of known SRS-active heterodesmic semi-organic crystals with partially ionic bonding character between structural units is given as well.


This paper examines the significance of information about "going rates" in the resolution of issues by negotiation. In addition to the strategic factors which negotiators must consider this paper identifies a behavioural factor, the mutually prominent alternative, which also has the effect of drawing negotiators towards the going rate as a settlement for their own negotiations. The results of research based on an experimental negotiation confirm the importance of going rate information on negotiation outcomes. This finding, and its explanation in terms of the going rate adopting the characteristics of a mutually prominent alternative, has significance in the context of enterprise bargaining; it would suggest that outcomes negotiated at the enterprise level may not be as egocentric as some advocates of a deregulated labour market might suggest.


The expression levels of G‐protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) on the cell surface determine the effects of ligand‐induced cellular responses. The lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (LPA1), a G‐protein coupled receptor, regulates cell proliferation, migration, and cytokine release. LPA1 is a potential target in the development of new therapeutic strategies to lessen lung inflammation and reduce tumor growth and metastasis. Here, we investigate the molecular signature of LPA1 trafficking to the cell surface.


Many metrics exist for the evaluation of binary classifiers, all with their particular advantages and shortcomings. Recently, an "Efficiency Index" (EI) for the evaluation of classifiers has been proposed, based on the consistency (or matching) and contradiction (or mismatching) of outcomes. This metric and its confidence intervals are easy to calculate from the base data in a 2 × 2 contingency table, and their values can be qualitatively and semi-quantitatively categorised. For medical tests, in which context the Efficiency Index was originally proposed, it facilitates the communication of risk (of the correct diagnosis versus misdiagnosis) to both clinicians and patients. Variants of the Efficiency Index (balanced, unbiased) which take into account disease prevalence and test cut-offs have also been described. The objectives of the current paper were firstly to extend the EI construct to other formulations (balanced level, quality), and secondly to explore the utility of the EI and all four of its variants when applied to the dataset of a large prospective test accuracy study of a cognitive screening instrument. This showed that the balanced level, quality, and unbiased formulations of the EI are more stringent measures.


This article discusses the combination of methods used in a study of the use of Facebook as an educational resource by a class of five students at a sixth-form college in north-west England. Through a project in which teacher-researcher and student-participants co-constructed a Facebook group page about the students' scaffolded research into dyslexia, the study examined the educational affordances of a digitally mediated social network. Combining multiple data-collection methods including participant observation, semi-structured interviews, video recordings, dynamic screen capture, and protocol analysis helped to capture multiple perspectives on the learning that happened in the classroom over the five weeks of the research project's lifetime. Aggregating the resulting data permitted meticulous, comprehensive reconstruction and analysis of aspects of that learning. Crucially, insights were gained which would not have been afforded by a more orthodox approach. The article presents and analyses excerpts from the data which help to illustrate these insights. The discussion identifies potential benefits of employing these methods and also acknowledges factors which hampered fully effective joint implementation in this study. As well as suggesting improvements that could make the approach worth considering for any study exploring screen-mediated classroom learning, it is hoped to offer researchers investigating similar settings some insight into the potential, pitfalls and limitations of attempting to combine these methods.


The Regional University of Blumenau FURB / SC through teachers and academics of the Law Course has worked with impoverished communities in the city with the aim of making it possible to acquire a new legal culture, as well as to foster community practices for conflict management. participatory and democratic form, thus moving toward the detrimentalization of politics. From the approach to the MAD (Movement of the Affected by Disaster), which has been facing the struggle for the right to housing, it remains evident that the popular resistance manifested by the Social Movements demystifies the state legal centralism and points to a new perspective of guaranteeing law.


A new study shows that smart glasses reduce symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in individuals with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD). Two ODs weigh in on the study and why it shows promise for future treatment options.


This article describes some of the basic principles on how to write a study book on Russian as a foreign language. The relevance of this work is related to the fact that the interest in methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language is increasing, in particular the interest in study books in this field has increased. This article describes the reasons which led the authors to create a new study book. It contains the following subjects which are based on the basic principles of language education: 1) selected linguistic and textual material corresponding to the level of language proficiency of the students, 2) a comprehensive approach to mastering the lexico-grammatical base of the Russian language engineering profile, 3) a variety of exercises built on the principle «from simple to complex». The article can be used in lectures on methods of teaching Russian as a foreign language and on training courses.


Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to examine the writings of Joseph Schumpeter on economic man to demonstrate that Schumpeter is a precursor of personalist economics. Design/methodology/approach - This paper addresses two intertwined questions. What evidence supports the claim that Schumpeter rejected Findings - As to the first question, there is no doubt that Schumpeter rejected Originality/value - To a large extent Schumpeter's insights regarding economic agency and William Waters role in interpreting those insights have been buried in the economics literature. It was Waters in 1952 who stated that Schumpeter identified the inadequacy of economic man as the efficient cause of economic activity and re-established the human person as the true efficient cause, principally in terms of entrepreneurship.


argument for the adoption of anti-racist policies and practices by the Probation Service. The final chapter offers a series of recommendations, with regard to both probation practice and training. These include: the utilisation of local black groups in the delivery of services; the rejection of 'black pathologisation' and Eurocentric values in the explanation of black offending; the monitoring of probation practice in its abilities


Simply to be a human being is to be a futurist of sorts. For human freedom is largely a matter of imagining alternative futures and then choosing among them. Conversely, to be a good futurist, one must at least aspire to being a good human being. One must care about the welfare of others. One's visions of the future must be informed by more than the science of what is or an imagination for what might be; one's visions of the future must also be informed by a sense of what ought to be. (Ogilvy 1996: 5)


With the rapid development of China in economy and society,Tongliao City is quickening its urbanization process to accompany its industrialization and modernization.As an ethnic autonomous region with a dense Mongolian population,the ethnic work is faced with many new problems with characteristics different from those of other non-ethnic-autonomous regions in its urbanization.The special status of Tongliao City determines that ethnic work is always important to its economic and social construction cause.Therefore,to do ethnic work properly and to deal with ethnic relationship properly is very important to the overall leaping development of the city.


INTRODUCTION
Cold-stored whole blood (CWB) provides a balance of red blood cells, plasma, and platelets in less anticoagulant volume than standard blood component therapy (BCT). We hypothesize that patients receiving CWB along with BCT have improved survival compared to patients receiving only BCT.

METHODS
We performed a dual-center case-match study of trauma patients who received CWB and BCT at two urban, Level-I Trauma Centers. Criteria to receive CWB included male age ≥16, female age >50, SBP<90 mmHg, and identifiable source of hemorrhage. We performed a 2:1 propensity match against any trauma patient who received ≥1u of packed red cells (PRBCs) during their initial trauma bay resuscitation. Endpoints included trauma bay mortality, 30-day mortality, laboratory values at 4 and 24 hours, and overall blood product utilization. Comparisons were made with Wilcoxon-ranked sum and Fisher's exact test. P<0.05 was significant.

RESULTS
Between both institutions, a total of 107 patients received CWB during the study period with 91 being matched to 182 BCT patients for analysis. Hemodynamic parameters of the patients in both groups at the time of presentation were similar. CWB patients had higher mean hemoglobin (10±2 g/dL vs 11±2 g/dL;p<0.001) and hematocrit (29.2±6.1% vs 32.1±5.8%;p<0.001) at 24 hours. Importantly, trauma bay mortality was less in CWB patients (8.8% v. 2.2%;p=0.039). 30-day mortality was not different in CWB patients and there were no differences in the total amount of blood products transfused at the 4-hour and 24-hour time periods.

CONCLUSION
CWB offers the benefit of a balanced resuscitation with improved trauma bay survival and higher mean hemoglobin at 24 hours. A larger, prospective study is needed to determine whether it has a longer-term survival benefit for severely injured patients.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
III STUDY TYPE:: Therapeutic.


The problem in this study is less the maximum result of students' mathematics learning in class VIII-3 MTs Miftahussalam Medan. This is evident from the test results pre-action, observation and interview researchers who demonstrate a lack of understanding of the students to learn math so that the necessary efforts and modeles teachers use learning modeles. This study aims to increase the students' mathematics learning in class VIII-3 MTs Miftahussalam Medan using cooperative learning model Student Team Achievement Divisions (STAD). This classroom action research conducted through two cycles that includes planning, implementation, observation and reflection. To know the results of students' mathematics learning, the researchers used the test results to learn math student individually. That is the subject of this research is class VIII-3 MTs Miftahussalam Terrain totaling 40 students consisting of 19 male students and 21 female students. Before administering the actions, the percentage of classical completeness of the test scores of students seen pre-action on previous material still relevant and classical completeness of students obtained 15% (6 students) with an average of 25.625. After administering the act of teaching through cooperative learning model Student Team Achievement Divisions (STAD), the test results of students' mathematics learning in the first cycle, the percentage of classical completeness acquired 60.00% (24 students) with an average of 65.125. Meanwhile, after repairs from the first cycle to the second cycle, the test math achievement test in the second cycle, the percentage of classical completeness acquired 87.50% (35 students) with an average grade 79.625. So from the condition before being given corrective action until the cycle is obtained an increase of 72.5%. From the results of this class action, the researchers concluded their mathematics learning outcome of students with cooperative learning model Student Team Achievement Divisions (STAD) in the class VIII-3 MTs Miftahussalam Medan.


High quality stripping can add beauty of the closing and increase value added to the garment itself at the same time.Aiming at how to guarantee the quality and reduce cost,the necessity of stripping sending out is discussed and the processes are optimized.The effects on stripping by means of operation about the modern enterprise are analyzed.It will instruct the manufacturers and ensure the high quality of the closing.


This paper evaluates the probability of an exchange traded European call option being exercised on the ASX200 Options Index. Using single-parameter estimates of factors within the Black-Scholes model, this paper utilises qualitative regression and a maximum likelihood approach. Results indicate that the BlackScholes model is statistically significant at the 1% level. The results also provide evidence that the use of implied volatility and a jump-diffusion approach, which increases the tail properties of the underlying lognormal distribution, improves the statistical significance of the Black-Scholes model. This journal article is available in Australasian Accounting, Business and Finance Journal: http://ro.uow.edu.au/aabfj/vol1/iss4/5 The Australasian Accounting Business & Finance Journal, December, 2007. McKenzie, Gerace & Subedar: Empirical Investigation of the Black-Scholes Model. Vol. 1, No. 4. Page 71. AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE BLACK-SCHOLES MODEL: EVIDENCE FROM THE AUSTRALIAN STOCK EXCHANGE Scott McKenzie, Dionigi Gerace, Zaffar Subedar University of Wollongong ABSTRACT This paper evaluates the probability of an exchange traded European call option being exercised on the ASX200 Options Index. Using single-parameter estimates of factors within the Black-Scholes model, this paper utilises qualitative regression and a maximum likelihood approach. Results indicate that the Black-Scholes model is statistically significant at the 1% level. The results also provide evidence that the use of implied volatility and a jump-diffusion approach, which increases the tail properties of the underlying lognormal distribution, improves the statistical significance of the Black-Scholes model.This paper evaluates the probability of an exchange traded European call option being exercised on the ASX200 Options Index. Using single-parameter estimates of factors within the Black-Scholes model, this paper utilises qualitative regression and a maximum likelihood approach. Results indicate that the Black-Scholes model is statistically significant at the 1% level. The results also provide evidence that the use of implied volatility and a jump-diffusion approach, which increases the tail properties of the underlying lognormal distribution, improves the statistical significance of the Black-Scholes model.


President George Bush signed a bill in the summer of 1990 which guarantees that many journalism educators will confront new types of educational challenges in their classrooms. The President's signature of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) on July 26, 1990, means from that day forward that persons with disabilities must be afforded equal opportunity under the law-in education as well as employment. Practical application of the provisions of the ADA, which has been called "the most sweeping antidiscrimination law to be approved since the Civil Rights Act of 1964,'" will encourage many students with disabilities to consider journalism as a career goal. Journalism educators are accustomed to working with students who have unhindered use of their hands, arms, voice, eyes, or ears for typical journalism tasks. They will understandably face difficulties when they assign students with limited hand functions tasks requiring the student to use keyboards or proportion wheels, or when they encounter news writing students who hope to land journalism jobs despite severely impaired vision or hearing, or lack of vocal ability. But the new law means that now both these students and their teachers will be involved in a learning process. For journalism instructors this will include revised testing procedures, adapted class exercises, and much rethinking about disabilities and the physical requirements of journalism. Meanwhile, students with disabilities can be expected to challenge concepts of what is doable and acceptable, and educators will have to determine what accommodations constitute efficiency and fairness in classrooms with both disabled and traditional students. This report outlines some of the concepts, questions, and solutions for educators who now will prepare journalists in a legal and social environment that enables, rather than discourages, potential journalists with disabilities. These issues haven't been discussed much, because most people justifiably consider our profession both creative and intellectual, rather than physical. But some elements of journalism defy that belief: Anyone who has seen photos of Margaret Bourke-White perched on the tiny ledges of New York skyscrapers will recognize that photojournalists regularly confront profoundly physical challenges; editors must precisely manipulate an assortment of tools ranging from pencils to proportion wheels; and even basic reporting routinely involves verbal communication in interviews. But are these physical activities fundamental? The words ability, barrier, and adaptation are key to this discussion, and the new law requires some thought about them. Just what physical abilities arerequired in the tasks of journalism? Can physical requirements constitute an insurmountable barrier for the profoundly impaired student, or can technology provide suitable adaptations? In-


Today diagnostic evaluation of thyroid function relies on the assessment of directly observable markers as TSH, T3 or FT4. These laboratory results are affected by the thyroid's function as well as by the biological context. Although they are helpful in screening for thyroid disorders their positive predictive values are poor for hypo-4 and mainly hyperthyroidism1, 2. Presumably to quantify the hidden physiological parameters determining the feedback control's behaviour would be more appropriate for diagnostic purposes, but these parameters are hitherto inaccessible for observation. A practical method was to be developed to extract hidden constants of the involved signal transfer processes out of accessible data in a patient.


In this paper we argue that little is known about either the geographical objectives or the spatial outputs of the welfare state. Conclusions of geographical inequality are problematic for three main reasons. First, the geographical aims of the welfare state, "the spatial strategy of equality", are unclear. Second, the geographical distributional paradigm is rarely placed in the wider context of local and national welfare states, and the tension between spatial equity and local autonomy is ignored. Third, the geography of welfare, "the spatial division of welfare" is often based on simplistic and confused evidence. Much of the existing work implicitly takes a centralist perspective, assuming that all geographical inequalities are defects. Issues of local government, local politics and local welfare states are ignored. All detected inequality may not be "bad", and greater spatial equity may not necessarily be "good". The spatial division of welfare should not be examined in an analytical vacuum, isolated from the wider contextual issues of national and local services and the trade-off between local autonomy and territorial justice. If the "default value" is that all detected geographical variations are assumed to be defects, then the arguments for localism are doomed to failure.


The paper presents the actions and results of the monitoring made on the perceptions of the actors involved in the three-year project "Didactics for competences", activated at the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE) for the academic years 2016-2019 with the intent of developing problem solving and team working skills in the students. The project, which required the testing of active teaching methods on a number of subjects in the economic-social, health and scientific areas, involved a large number of teachers, students and tutors. The purpose of the monitoring, based on the use of questionnaires and focus groups, was to detect the perceptions of these actors regarding the didactic experimentation, in particular of the didactic methodology adopted: Team Based Learning. The paper presents the tools, actions and results of the monitoring with the aim, in the short term, to highlight strengths and weaknesses of the project and, in the future, to define the characteristics of a good teaching practice to be taken as a reference for future dissemination at university level.


Superconductivity in highly pressurized hydrides has become the primary direction for the exploration of the fundamental upper limit of the superconducting transition temperature, Tc, after Drozdov et al. (Nature 2015, 525, 73) discovered a superconducting state with Tc=203 K in highly compressed sulfur hydride. To date, several dozen high-temperature superconducting polyhydrides have been discovered and, in addition, it was recently reported that highly compressed titanium and scandium exhibit record-high Tc (up to 36 K). This exceeded the Tc=9.2 K value of niobium many times over, which was the record-high  Tc ambient pressure metallic superconductor. Here, we analyzed the experimental data for the recently discovered high-pressure superconductors (which exhibit high transition temperatures within their classes): elemental titanium (Zhang et al., Nature Communications 2022; Liu et al., Phys. Rev. B 2022), TaH3 (He et al., Chinese Phys. Lett. 2023), LaBeH8 (Song et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 2023), black phosphorous (Li et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2018; Jin et al., arXiv 2023), and violet (Wu et al., arXiv 2023) phosphorous to reveal the nonadiabaticity strength constant TθTF (where Tθ is the Debye temperature, and TF the Fermi temperature) in these superconductors. The analysis showed that the δ-phase of titanium and black phosphorous exhibits TθTF scores that are nearly identical to those associated with A15 superconductors, while the studied hydrides and violet phosphorous exhibit constants in the same ballpark as those of H3S and LaH10.


A distribution-free procedure is developed to test a stochastic order relation between two distributions based on judgment post-stratied (JPS) data. The proposed inference relies on Mann-Whitney rank sum statistics. Two classes of test statistics are provided. The


Introduction: Following oral cancer resection patients will have differing degrees of morbidity with regards to mastication, speech and aesthetics and this can be a difficult problem to manage. We present a case that describes an innovative technique involving implant placement and deepening of the labial sulcus in the atrophic mandible of a post-operative oral cancer patient to facilitate partial denture retention.
Methods: a 70-year-old female patient presented with significant vertical and horizontal bone atrophy and a shallow, tethered labial sulcus in the anterior mandible, following cancer resection of the floor of mouth and alveolar ridge. She was unable to retain a partial denture. An initial procedure included an osteoplastic advancement flap and a horizontal "sandwich" osteotomy as a combined approach that improved the bone volume from a Cawood & Howell classification grade V to grade II. A sulcoplasty and insertion of Integra@ skin regeneration system improved sulcus depth in a second procedure. Dental implants were successfully placed 4 months after bone augmentation to allow retention of a lower partial denture.
Results: These staged procedures were carried out with excellent healing and no complications in the post-operative 6 months.
Conclusion: This technique for gaining bony height and width, with improved sulcus depth in an atrophic mandible is a useful adjunct in the rehabilitation of post-operative oral cancer cases. Maintaining the periosteal attachment in the osteoplastic flap promotes excellent healing in patients who have received adjunctive radiotherapy treatment in this safe and effective osteotomy procedure.


The development of RFID technology nowadays plays a more important role,especially widely application of which in logisticsand warehouse,merchandise anti-counterfeit,communications and transportation,medical treatment and hygiene,national defense and mil-itary,etc. The RFID middleware is regarded as the nerve center of RFID systems,which can trigger more applications in miscellaneous as-pects. This paper first discusses the current state of RFID middleware research,points out the deficiencies of current techniques,then de-signs a new platform of RFID middleware according to the defect,at last gives the vista of RFID middleware research.


With an ageing population and improved diagnostic modalities, the number of patients with valvular heart disease is dramatically increasing. Considering projected changes in the age distribution, a further accentuation of this trend can be expected and this may indeed be considered "the next cardiac epidemic".1 obviously, we are faced with more complex decisions in patients with advanced age and increasing comorbidities. Advances in percutaneous valve interventional techniques have entered into routine practice. At the same time, new data on the natural history of disease and the identification of predictors of outcome permit improvement in the decisionmaking process and management of patients with valvular heart disease.


The sulphated polymers, such as polyvinylalcohol sulphate (PVAS) and its co-polymer with acrylic acid (PAVAS), have proved to be potent inhibitors for herpes simplex virus, human cytomegalovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus, respiratory syncytial virus, Sindbis virus, Semliki Forest virus, Junin virus, Tacaribe virus, murine sarcoma virus and human immunodeficiency virus. They are not inhibitory to non-enveloped viruses, such as poliovirus and reovirus. The broad-spectrum antiviral effects of these compounds depend on their molecular weight and degree of sulphation. Pharmacokinetic studies in rabbits have indicated that after intravenous bolus injection the serum concentrations of these compounds decay biphasically, with an initial half-life of approximately 90–120 min.


Youth is not just a biological category; it's also a societal invention. This may sound like socio-babble but as we have changed from an agricultural to post-industrial society our definition of youth has evolved. Young people used to be parental property; nurtured by domestic folk practices then forced into work and afforded no legal rights. Youth today is a public institution; objectified by the state, preserved in law by business and studied and monitored by rational, scientific expertise. Two trends emerged during this time; the sentiment of childhood and the construction of a new category to describe the transition from childhood to adulthood: youth. Younger people began a transformation from a domestic economic resource to objects which embodied the public institution of pure childhood to be protected and nurtured. Youth, beyond school, were given over to apprenticeships to learn the roles and responsibilities of adulthood this paper seeks to throw light upon the life of youth generation, their culture, sub culture influenced by globalization, westernization and the way they want to live and how it's impacts on the contemporary society.


Provided are a polyurethane for a printing ink binder having excellent solubility in a solvent having a low dissolving power, low viscosity, and excellent adhesion to a film, and a method for producing the same. A process for producing a polyurethane obtained by reacting a polyol (A), a polyisocyanate compound (B) and a chain extender (C), wherein the polyol (A) is present in the presence of a catalyst (x), Production of urethane for printing ink binder, comprising polyester ether polyol (A1) obtained by copolymerizing polycarboxylic acid anhydride (b) and alkylene oxide (c) with initiator (a) Method.


In this paper, we extend the method of Lee et al. (2010) and evaluate material properties of high hardness materials with spherical indentation. Using regression equations considering 4 indentation variables, the load-displacement relation is converted into a stress-strain relation. To calculate properties of high hardness materials, we then write a program which converts loading / unloading data from the indentation test to the corresponding true stress-strain data. The error in material properties computed by the program lies within 0.3, 0.8 and 6.4 % for Young"s modulus, yield strength and hardening coefficient, respectively.


There is a dearth of efficient, valid, and reliable means for assessing pragmatic skills in persons with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Pragmatic skills are the most difficult aspect of language ability to assess and quantify (Adams, Green, Gilchrist, & Cox, 2002; Young, Diehl, Morris, Hyman, & Bennetto, 2005) and cannot be measured in the same way as other domains of language, which can be examined in socially decontextualized settings. Appropriate pragmatic function is judged, heavily on specific social-linguistic elements of the interactive context. Although several standardized instruments contain pragmatic subtests or attempt to assess this area solely, none provide a naturalistic conversational setting for doing so (Adams & Lloyd, 2005; Young et al., 2005). Instead, aspects of pragmatics are examined in single utterance items outside the context of cohesive discourse. Speakers with ASD tend to do better on decontextualized, examiner-administered measures than assessment of natural conversation would predict, raising issues about the validity of the use of direct standardized assessments for measuring pragmatics in this population (Klin, Jones, Schultz, & Volkmar, 2003; Volkmar, Lord, Bailey, Schultz, & Klin, 2004). And although it may be possible to identify some children with pragmatic deficits by using standardized tests, this identification neither provides sufficient information for planning intervention programs nor is sensitive to change during the course of intervention. There are several questionnaires and observational measures available in the literature for assessing conversational skills:


Automatic vehicle location (AVL) and automatic passenger counting (APC) systems are powerful tools for transit agencies to archive large, detailed data sets for transit operations. Ensuring data quality is an important first step to exploiting these data sets. An automated quality assurance methodology is presented to identify unreliable archived AVL-APC data for exclusion from further operational analyses. The approach is based on observed or expected pattern limitations of travel and passenger activity, which are derived from archived data. Stop-level tests identify suspect data, which are then flagged at the trip level. A methodology case study is presented for AVL-APC data from Grand River Transit in the region of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.


For a light-duty truck noise exceeding the limit of ECE R51—02, we use the noise isolation method to identify noise sources, and the principle of superposition of noise to determine the main noise sources outside the truck.And we also take the measures, i.e. optimization of the engine fuel injection advance angle, and using the sound absorption and sound insulation material for noise reduction. Test analysis of the pass-by noise of the vehicle shows that the pass-by noise of the truck, after taking noise reduction measures, declines from 82 d B(A) down to 77 d B(A), which satisfies the requirement of acceleration noise limit of the ECE R51—02 on this class of vehicle.


This study aims to propose the futuristic guide system in the Web 2.0 era based on the analysis of past changing guide system in the domestic cyber universities. Guide System is destined to transform its feature and form according to the fast shift of technology and people's way of thinking. The theoretical ground this study took is cognitive psychology, communication theory, especially information design theory.


The article discusses the value of valeological knowledge among younger schoolboys. Specified,that the valeological attitude must become the priority sphere of elucidative work of educational establishments, as a health of young people not only is the personal file them same and parents, and determined as a social problem of development of all society, as important subject of public policy. Due to the rehabilitation of consciousness of everybody, education of integral humanism world view and culture of health, possible is a process of the mass making healthy of population


Background: Diltiazem belongs to Ca++ channel blockers group of drugs used for multiple disorders like hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, angina pectoris and peripheral vascular disease. It causes relaxation of the vascular smooth muscles by a well known mechanism that is blockage of L-type of the calcium channels inhibiting the entry of Ca++ into the muscle cells. Current study explored its effects on platelet aggregation and their molecular basis. Methodology: This experimental study was conducted at Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, ICCBS, University of Karachi. Blood samples from 20 normal volunteers were taken under aseptic measures after informed consent. Blood was centrifuged at 1000RPM to receive PRP (platelet rich plasma). PRP was mixed with the PAF and Arachidonic Acid with the help of Eppendorf pipette and placed in aggregometer to observe the aggregation at different concentrations. Then different concentrations of Diltiazem were added to these solutions to observe the inhibition of platelet aggregation at different concentration. IC50 of Diltiazem was calculated by dose response curves. Results: We observed that Diltiazem successfully reduced the PAF and AA induced platelet aggregation at IC50 =15uM (Inhibitory Concentration). That is an additional aspect of this agent. Conclusion: Diltiazem has dual role in the treatment and prevention of ischemic heart disease and ischemic stroke by reducing the blood pressure and inhibiting the platelet aggregation.


Personality development is considered to be one of the most important issues in modern society. Schools play crucial role in career learning and development therefore they have to provide pupils opportunities to experience the world of work. To ensure that education in England meets current needs of young people the Government is taking necessary steps to increase career understanding and future employability. This paper deals with the development of specialized education in England. It highlights current options for the students' successful progress in the future. To the extent that career learning and development have become a vital component of secondary school curriculum the paper focuses on the process of work-related learning and career education in England. It also observes modern approaches to specialized education and analyses the development of City Technology Colleges of England which have become a successful combination of academic learning and vocational training. It is pointed to the fact that local business and industries play an important role in majority of CTC decisions including financial support and curriculum planning. The peculiarities of career learning and developing in City Technology Colleges are examined and the innovative concept of skill-based learning that provides proper working conditions for future specialists is discussed.


We show that any homeomorphic solution of the Beltrami equation v from the Sobolev class Wloc1,1 is a so-called lower Q-homeomorphism with Q(z) = Kμ(z), where Kμ(z) is the dilatation ratio of this equation. On this basis, we develop the theory of boundary behavior and removing of singularities of these solutions.


We define S(um)anD(ifference) numbers as ordered pairs $(m,\, m+\Delta)$ such that the digital-sum $DS(m(m+\Delta))=\Delta.$ We consider both the decimal and the binary case. If both $m$ and $m+\Delta$ are prime numbers, we refer to SanD {\em primes}. We show that the number of (decimal-based) SanD numbers less than $x$ grows as $c1\cdot x,$ where $c1 = 2/3,$ while the number of SanD primes less than $x$ grows as $c2\cdot x/\log^2{x},$ where $c2 = 3/4.$ Due to the quasi-fractal nature of the digital-sum function, convergence is both slow and erratic compared to twin primes, which, apart from the constant, have the same leading asymptotics.


Let l be an odd positive integer and q a power of a prime with l|q-1,and s=(q-1)/l.Fq is a finite field with q elements and r and e are both positive integers with (e,l)=1.As l=9,it is given that a necessary and sufficient condition for the binomial f(x)=xr(1+xes) to be a permutation over Fq.


The electric motors maintenance area has attracted an increasing attention over recent years due to the vast participation of these machines in a wide variety of industrial processes and applications. Today, there is a need of professionals that are skilled on the application of modern technologies that can reliably determine the condition of these machines. The analysis of motor currents is a technique that has proven its effectiveness for the detection of a broad range of motor faults. In special, modern variants based on the analysis of transient currents have proven to be very useful for condition monitoring purposes, improving the performance of classical methods. This work presents a software tool that is able to apply both classical and recent methods relying on current analysis for the detection of certain faults in electric motors. This tool is especially interesting for training courses addressed to engineers that are aimed to instruct them on the most recent condition monitoring methods. The paper presents the basic functionality of the software, as well as some basic results derived from its application to real cases.


Total ionizing dose response of AD590 temperature sensor was investigated in wide operation temperature range. Obtained results can be useful for designers of electronic devices for nuclear and space applications.


Thin-film BaTiO3 has been prepared for the first time by spray pyrolysis. Both smooth and highly porous films were deposited depending on deposition temperature and rate. Asdeposited films contained an unidentified, low-symmetry barium titanate modification. Annealing at 500-900 °C converted the films to the cubic phase, while annealing at 1000 °C produced the tetragonal phase and an increase in the grain size. As-deposited and annealed films were highly dielectric with DC resistivity in the 10 10 -10 12 ?'cm range. AC resistivity decreased with frequency following a power-law dependence with an exponent of -0.6 to -0.7. Both resistivity and capacitance remained stable at temperatures to 400 °C. The effective dielectric constant (20-25 at 10 kHz) was possibly determined by amorphous grain-boundary region with high density of traps.


This article shows how to apply the teaching strategy called Praccis through an educational booklet entitled "Zooplankton Ayapel Swamp and its role in the ecology of this ecosystem" as a product of the research entitled "Spatial and temporal dynamics of Zooplankton associated with macrophytes in the wetland complex Ayapel, Cordoba, Colombia". Implementation of this strategy was envelopment as a pilot where the information was collected through various texts, namely: two field journals, five cards completed applications, 52 surveys processed by the non-scientific community and a conversation with the coordinator the workshop. These texts are read from a hermeneutic perspective, where from prejudice, are reflected, analyzed, compared, understood and interpreted, the situations and the occurrences of the event participants to find meaning units on course to achieve unity sense, ie, to endorse the teaching strategy to facilitate the movement of scientific knowledge in non-scientific communities and be able to generate culture, in this case, around the object water.


The safety device for injection syringe comprising: - a syringe carrier (14), - a sheath (16) for protecting an injection needle (20) carried by the syringe, the sheath (16) being mounted sliding relative to the syringe carrier (14) between an injection position, wherein the needle (20) is detected, and a protective position wherein the needle is covered, the sheath (16) having a surface (44) for gripping of the device by a user, called the initial gripping surface, - a spring (18) for biasing the sleeve in the protective position. The sheath (16) further comprises an extension member of the initial gripping surface (44), attached to the sheath (16), so as to present a gripping surface (46) larger, said enlarged gripping surface .


s This paper presents a framework for transients classification using wavelet transform and two specific artificial neural networks, propabilistic neural networks (PNN) and resource allocating neural networks (RAN). One significant feature of wavelet for transients characterization is its timescale two dimensional but compact representation. One distinguishing feature of PNN and RAN is the ability to adjust their architecture automatically to adapt to new environment quickly and accurately, which makes them the promising candidates for transients classification in power system. Some experimental results have indicated the suitability of this framework for transients classification. I. INTRODUCTION Electromagnetic transients in power systems result from a variety of disturbances on transmission lines, such as switching , lightning strikes, faults, as well as from other intended or unintended events. Such transients are extremely important, for it is at such times that the power system components are subjected to the greatest stresses from excessive currents or overvoltages[KiSh83][MoKi96]. In recent years, an increasing demand has been observed for power system monitoring and transient recording (including faults) combined with analysis, classification, and reporting. One important component of such system is the digital transient recorder, which has been available in some well-equipped substations to record various transients and provide assistant information about the transients for system operators to analyze them and take actions whenever a fault occurs. However, present transient recorders lack classification capability to distinguish " interesting " events from " trivial " events. The desired intelligent transient recorder should have the ability to distinguish and classify different kinds of tran-sients, provide a means to filter out meaningful information needed to assess system performance, classify faults and other disturbances to help identify stability, fault or other power quality issues, and even more importantly to provide a means to look automatically for early anomalies that could cause catastrophic failure. Transients are signals with a finite life, that is, a transient dies to zero in a finite time. Frequency based analysis has been common since Fourier's time; however, frequency anal


A new species, Maua squeala sp. nov., is described from China. This species is similar to M. affinis Distant, 1905 and M. palawanensis Duffels, 2009, but can be distinguished by the shorter and more slender body of the new species, the lateral fasciae on the mesonotum and the shape of the male genitalia. The intraspecific variation of this species is discussed based on morphological observation combined with sequences of partial mitochondrial COI gene (DNA barcoding) of individuals exhibiting different morphological characters.


The authors test six theoretically-derived hypotheses about ad characteristics that influence digital sharing. Two completely independent field studies test these hypotheses using over 11 measures of emotions and over 60 ad characteristics. The results are consistent with our theory and robust across studies. Information-focused content has a significantly negative effect on sharing. However, information-focused content positively affects sharing in risky contexts. Positive emotions of amusement, excitement, inspiration, and warmth positively affect sharing. These positive emotions are created by the use of drama (plot and characters) and characteristics, such as babies, animals, celebrities, and surprise. Sharing is greatest when ad length is moderate (1.2 and 1.7 minutes). Early (versus late) placement of the brand name hurts sharing. Ironically, factors that significantly enhance sharing are rarely used by marketers, whereas those that hurt sharing are used extensively. A third study shows that the drivers of viral videos predict sharing fairly well in an entirely independent sample. A fourth study shows the importance of viral videos by their abnormal returns on stock prices.


The women of the New Testament were Jewish women, and for historians of the period their mention and status in the New Testament constitutes the missing link between the way women are portrayed in the Hebrew Bible and their changed status in rabbinic literature (Mishnah and Talmud). In this chapter, I examine how they fit into the Jewish concepts of womanhood. I examine various recognized categories that are relevant for gender research such as patriarchy, public and private space, law, politics, and religion. In each case I show how these affected Jewish women, and how the picture that emerges from the New Testament fits these categories.


Nanostructured TiO_(2) thin films were fabricated on glass substrates by soaking the substrates in and (lifting) the substrates from TiO_(2) colloids prepared via the hydrolysis of TiCl_(4). The thin films were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD), scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and energy dispersion spectroscopy(EDS) to characterize the particle size and surface properties. UV absorption spectroscopy and the visible light transmission rate were employed to investigate the optical characteristics of the thin films. The photo-(catalytic) activity was determined by degrading acetic acid in aqueous solution. The results show that the mass of thin film was in good linear relationship with the number of coated layers, and the thin film with 4 coated layers and 0.192 μm in thickness with the diameter of TiO_(2) particles being 0.5 nm can strongly absorb (ultraviolet) radiation, and the absorption band exhibited a red shift. The photocatalytic degradation rate of (500 mL) of (20 mg/L) acetic acid on the thin films was 75.9%, 27.9% higher than the degradation rate of the same reaction catalyzed by the same (amount) of TiO_(2) powder produced from the Sol-gel solution within 350 min, which demonstrates the higher (photocatalytic) activity of the thin films.


Social work is a specialty that emphasizes"helping people by teaching them to help themselves". Therefore,social work intervention in the rural institutional old-age care has a profound influence on innovating social management of the elderly,improving old-age service quality and promoting the elderly's sense of satisfaction. From the perspective of social work,this paper conducts a questionnaire and in-depth interview of 14 rural seniors' homes in Suxian District,Chenzhou. It is found that,to some degree,there is an imbalance between the diversified needs of the elderly in the rural seniors' homes and the services provided. In view of the problem,we study the approaches for social work to intervene in the rural institutional old-age care by indirectly linking resources and renewing the idea,and at the same time,by directly improving the quality of rural institutional old-age care from the case work,group work and community work.


In this dissertation, I map and explain the design of the instruments of Parliamentary Policy Statements (PPS) in Western Europe. I define PPS as taking place within parliament and thus being institutionally guaranteed to parliamentary actors, as being visible to the public, and as and allowing for a direct and nuanced communication of parliamentary actors to the public. Based on this definition, parliamentarians can communicate PPS through the following instruments: plenary debates, the presentation and discussion of committee reports, oral and written questions, and interpellations. To explain the design of these instruments, the dissertation at hand proceeds in four steps. In the first part of the dissertation, I set up a theoretical framework for understanding the design of the instruments of PPS. The main argument of this framework is that decisive coalitions of parliamentary actors design the instruments of PPS to maximize their votes. To do so, decisive coalitions of parliamentary actors design the instruments of PPS on two dimensions: the centralization – decentralization dimension and the majority – minority dimension. Which parliamentary actors make up the decisive coalitions depends on the dimension of the instruments of PPS. While frontbenchers and backbenchers seek to control the degree of centralization of the instruments of PPS to their respective advantage, the parliamentary party groups of the government and the opposition strive to impact how majority-friendly the instruments of PPS are designed. Parliamentary actors have two kinds of instruments of PPS at their disposal which can be distinguished depending on the interaction of parliamentary actors when employing them: open instruments of PPS and closed instruments. Open instruments of PPS provide a little structured interaction as is the case in plenary debates and the discussion of committee reports. Closed instruments provide a more structured interaction where the addressed actor has to respond and only the questioner and the questioned actor are allowed to participate. Oral and written questions as well as interpellations are closed instruments of PPS. Building on this theoretical framework, I derive hypotheses about the degree of centralization and the degree of majority-friendliness of the instruments of PPS. I argue that the degree of centralization of the instruments of PPS depends on the accountability of parliamentarians, the workload of parliament, and the characteristics of the instruments of PPS. I also derive hypotheses about the degree of majority-friendliness of the instruments of PPS from the theoretical framework. I argue that the degree of majority-friendliness of the instruments of PPS depends on the ideological conflict between the government and the opposition and the workload of parliament. I qualify these hypotheses by arguing that the capabilities of the decisive coalitions of parliamentary actors determine how easy it is for them to implement their preferred design of the instruments of PPS. To explain the change of the design of the instruments of PPS, I adapt the previously derived hypotheses. In the second part of the dissertation, I present the research design for understanding the institutional design and change of the instruments of PPS. I analyze the design of the instruments of PPS through a cross-section of all countries of Western Europe with a parliamentary system in 2010. I measure the design of the instruments of PPS of these countries through a quantitative content analysis with manual coding of the parliamentary standing orders in force on 01.01.2010. This content analysis yields a score for each instrument of PPS in each country indicating how majorityor minority-friendly it is designed and a score indicating how centralized it is designed. To understand the changes of the centralization and majority-friendliness of the instruments of PPS, I conduct an illustrative time-series cross-section for Austria, Germany, and the United Kingdom from 1945 until 2010. This analysis allows me to assess if the explanations for the design of the instruments of PPS hold over time and to catch a glimpse of the causal mechanisms underlying the design of the instruments of PPS. To measure the evolution of the design of the instruments of PPS, I proceed in the same way as I do for measuring the design of the instruments of PPS; the only difference is that I now measure the design of the instruments of PPS on all the instances on which the design changes. In the third part of the dissertation, I map and explain the design of the instruments of PPS in 2010 for all Western European countries with a parliamentary system. When presenting the degree of centralization of the instruments of PPS, I find that most instruments of PPS are predominantly centralized, that countries are overall centralized but that their degree of centralization varies and that plenary debates are by far the most centralized instruments of PPS. I show that these patterns can be explained best by the accountability of parliamentarians and by whether the instruments of PPS are open or closed. In detail, I find that if parliamentarians are accountable to their electorate indirectly through their parties, the instruments of PPS are more centralized than if they are directly accountable to voters. Moreover, open instruments of PPS are more strongly centralized than closed instruments. The most notable patterns of the majority-friendliness of the instruments of PPS are that open instruments tend to be more majority-friendly than closed instruments, that about 1/3 of countries has overall minority-friendly instruments of PPS, and that there is variation in the degree of majority-friendliness both within and between countries. The analysis yields that these patterns can be explained by the incentives of decisive coalitions if they also have the capability to implement their preferred institutional design. In detail, I find that if the seat share of the government is large enough, a great ideological conflict between government and opposition leads to a majority-friendly design of the instruments of PPS and vice versa. The characteristics of the instruments of PPS also matter for their design, as open instruments of PPS are more majority-friendly than closed instruments. Further, the workload of parliament has a weak independent effect on the majority-friendliness of the instruments of PPS. If the workload of parliament is large, the instruments of PPS are designed to be majority-friendly and vice versa. In the fourth part of the dissertation, I trace the evolution of the design of the instruments of PPS from 1945 until 2010 for Austria, Germany, and the United Kingdom to find out if the explanations for the design of the instruments of PPS can also explain the changes made to the design of the instruments of PPS and to get a better understanding of the timing and causal mechanisms of the design of the instruments of PPS. I find that the explanations for the degree of centralization of the instruments of PPS uncovered in the cross-section can partially explain the changes made to the design of the instruments of PPS. This implies that the design and change of the design of the instruments of PPS is complex and explaining it requires an equally multi-layered model. When analyzing how the majorityand minority-friendliness of the instruments of PPS evolves in Austria, Germany, and the United Kingdom from 1945 until 2010, I find that the explanations uncovered in the cross-section hold rather well for the United Kingdom. Moreover, I show that in Austria and Germany governments tend to be willing to agree to minority-friendly changes of the instruments of PPS when they fear to lose their majority status after the following election or when they want to increase the fairness of the rules of parliament.


This paper presents the study on the extraction of bioactive substances from fennel seeds. The impact of the main process variables (solvent composition, liquid-to-solid ratio, temperature, contact time) on the concentration of the target substances (polyphenols and flavonoids) in the extracts is studied resulting in the selection of a set of operating parameters, at which their content is maximized. Extracts with higher concentration of target compounds demonstrate higher antioxidant capacity, which confirms the contribution of these substances to better antioxidant performance. The performance of two types of solvents is compared: water and ethanol-water mixtures, showing that water extraction produces more concentrated extracts with higher antioxidant capacity. The extraction kinetics is simulated using Peleg's equation, and a good fit to experimental data is observed. Data for initial extraction rate and equilibrium concentrations is obtained. Based on the combination of experimental and simulation results, an equation is proposed for determination of antioxidant capacity of water extracts of fennel seeds when the phenolic concentration is known, and vice versa – calculation of concentration of polyphenolic compounds in extracts with known antioxidant capacity.


Northeast Oklahoma with its predominantly oak forests supports a diverse agaric flora. Over 100 species, representing 13 families in the Agaricales, are reported from Tulsa County. This checklist establishes ranges extension for many species


This study aims to determine the implementation of the cultivation of nationalism values and the obstacles faced by schools. This research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. This research was conducted in January 2020 at SDN Karanganyar Gunung 02, Candisari, Semarang, Central Java. The subjects of this research were class V teachers. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, and documentation. The research instruments used were interview guidelines, observation guidelines, and documentation guidelines. The data validity test was done by triangulation of techniques and triangulation of sources. Technique triangulation is done by checking the data using different techniques at the same source. Source triangulation is done by checking data on different sources. The data analysis technique used includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that SDN Karanganyar Gunung 02 had implemented the implementation of the value of nationalism in learning activities through exemplary and inserting character values into the subject matter being taught. SDN Karanganyar also implements the values of nationalism outside of learning activities such as extracurricular activities. The obstacle in planting the values of nationalism is that teachers still find it difficult to integrate the values of nationalism in the lesson plans but in practice, it has been done. The second obstacle is the difficulty in adapting the curriculum to local wisdom. The implication of this research is as a reference for educators to see the challenges and obstacles in the implementation of planting the values of nationalism so that it can be used to improve aspects that are not yet optimal. Keywords : implementation; the value of nationalism; resistance


Name-centric approaches provide maximum flexibility for applications, as a result, the future of Internet services is heading towards the increased importance of name-centric approaches. However, for the Internet of Things to become more name-centric, implementations of resource-constrained devices are required. Although there have been advances in the Internet of Things, such as CoAP and DPWS (Devices Profile for Web Services), these are not considered name-centric. A key to successful name-centric solutions for wireless sensor networks, is efficient handling and processing of names. In this paper we address architectural level communication and implementation for resource constraint devices. Finally, we evaluate the processing times and memory consumption of our implementation.


Background a Objective: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a common and severe form of pulmonary fibrosis. Nintedanib, a triple angiokinase inhibitor, is approved for treating IPF and other progressive interstitial lung diseases (ILD). Galectin 3 (Gal-3) activates a variety of pro-fibrotic processes. Currently, the Gal-3 inhibitor (TD139 by Galecto) is being tested in phase-II clinical trials 9on-top9 of Nintedanib. Therefore, we evaluated the impact of Nintedanib on Gal-3 expression using in-vitro and in-vivo models, in addition to IPF patient samples. Methods: Gal-3 levels were evaluated in IPF and control tissue samples, primary human lung fibroblasts (HLFs) following Nintedanib treatment (10-100nM, qPCR and Western blot) and in a silica-induced-fibrosis mouse model with/without Nintedanib (0.021-0.21 mg/kg) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Additionally, Gal-3 levels were analyzed in serum samples from 41 ILD patients with/without Nintedanib treatment by ELISA. Results: Nintedanib addition to HLFs resulted in significant elevations in Gal-3, pSTAT3, as well as IL-8 mRNA levels (pl0.05). Gal-3 expression was elevated in IPF tissue samples compared with non-IPF controls (pl0.05). IHC staining demonstrated stromal involvement with strong staining mainly in the alveolar macrophages. In the in-vivo mouse model, Gal-3 levels were increased following fibrosis induction and even further increased with the addition of Nintedanib, mostly in macrophages (pl0.05). Patients receiving Nintedanib presented with higher Gal-3 serum levels in comparison to those who did not (pl0.05). Conclusion: Nintedanib elevates Gal-3 levels in both experimental models, along with patient samples. These findings highlight the possibility of using combined inhibition therapy.


Successive phase transitions of triangular lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet with a small Ising anisotropy, CsNiCl 3 , are studied by neutron scattering. We have reexamined the temperature dependences of the z and x y components of sublattice magnetizations and also measured the both components of staggered susceptibilities. The character of the transitions is orderings and divergences of the z and x y components at independent temperatures.


This paper introduces a high efficiency bidirectional resonant converter using an additional LC auxiliary circuit for dcdistribution applications. The LC auxiliary circuit operates as a variable inductor and the additional LC circuit helps to increase the effective magnetizing inductance, thereby reducing the turnoff and primary circulating current. A 5 kW bidirectional converter for dc-distribution system is implemented to verify the validity of the proposed method. The experimental results show the high efficiency characteristics of the proposed converter over the wide range of load in both direction of power flow. The maximum efficiency of the proposed system was 98.1 % at 3 kW . Index Terms – Dc-distribution system, bidirectional converter, soft switching and auxiliary LC circuit.


This paper,according to P.Newmark's translation methodology of selection and his theories of semantic and communicative approaches in translation,believes that the translation of tourist manual should apply the communicative translation and under the direction of this theory,suggests that the aim of the translation of tourist manual is to realize its informative and vocative functions.Taking the translation of the introduction of Xinjiang scenic spots as an example,the paper comments on the addition,deletion,and revision of the original language information based on the actual needs of the foreign tourists,who are the acceptors of the translation,so as to perfectly achieve the informative and vocative functions of the translation.


Using Socket object model and ADO.NET database model of.NET Framework as the core,simultaneously using asynchronous communication technologies to achieve a student computer room management system.Looking forward to get a more scientific and ratio-nal way to manage teaching resources,and establish a more comprehensive application of mechanisms for multimedia network teaching re-sources.


Based on orthogonal experiment of single or multiple factors, the field experiment for 3 main agronomy measures of Wan Dan No. 5 was carried combine design. The results showed that they greatly influenced yield of Wan Dan No. 5, and they were significant interactions between planting densities, amount of nitrogen and phosphate applied and application methods. The selective preference cultivation combination for yields over 258. 37Kg per 667m2 was: 4408 plants, application of 33.83Kg nitrogen and 14.62Kg phosphate fertilizer per 667m2.


Introduction is made in the paper of the operation experiences and performance with respect to dry screening of wet material at size of 5mm in Shihao Colliery. The system is operated with material fed at two points of both sides of the conveying belt.


Abstract The kinetic analysis of an anaerobic fluidized bed bioreactor treating distillery effluent was carried out. Natural zeolite was used as biomass carrier at various organic loading rates and hydraulic retention times (HRT). The degradation followed first order kinetics and fitted Michaelis–Menten kinetic model for substrate utilization. The kinetic analysis showed that 9% of the TOC was nonbiodegradable which corresponds to about 14% COD. The non-biodegradable component was responsible for the dark-brown color of the distillery effluent and therefore there was a need for employing a post-treatment technology for their removal. Biomass yield was found to be 0.4658 g/g while endogenic microorganisms decay coefficient was 0.0293, which suggested that there was a need to install a sludge handling unit prior to post-treatment. The maximum micro-organisms' growth rate was found to be 0.136 d−1 while the specific growth rate of the micro-organisms reduced with an increase in HRT at constant feed concentration. The specific substrate utilization rate was found to increase linearly with an increase in the ration of food to micro-organisms and the mean cell residence time was found to be at least 2.5 times the HRT due to application of zeolite as microbial support in the reactor.


The aim of this article was to analyze the presence of collusive conduct of gas stations on the price of common gasoline in Viçosa-MG from 2016 to 2018. To do this, the Competitive Price Index (ICP), Commercial resale margins (Mgr) and Price Transmission Asymmetry (ATP) were used as the most up-to-date methodology to analyze fuel prices. The results indicated traces of collusive behavior in 2016 and 2018, yet 2017 indicated competitive prices by the ICP and Mgr filters. The ATP showed the presence of Contemporary Impact Asymmetry (AIC), in which price increases are passed on to the consumer quicker than price decreases. Moreover, the Trajectory Equilibrium Asymmetry (ATAE) showed that convergence velocity depends on the price of the retailer being lower than the long-term balance. Key-Words: Common Gasoline; cartel; Viçosa-MG. Classificação-JEL: D41, C30, C36. Área ENEI: 1.2 Competição, preços e estruturas de mercado. 1 Mestre em Economia pela Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Professora integral na Faculdade Dinâmica do Vale do Piranga – Fadip. 2 Doutora em Economia Aplicada pela Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Professora Associada I pela Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto Campus Mariana. 3 Doutor em Economia Aplicada pela Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Professor Associado pela Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Bolsista em Produtividade em Pesquisa do CNPq.


A sophisticated and flexible digital infrared data collection system has been assembled at the Georgia Tech Research Institute. The system includes such components as two radiometers responding in the 3-5 and 8-12 micron spectral bands, a near infrared television, and a master computer which performs the data acquisition and permanent storage function. In addition, a second computer system is included allowing for off-line image analysis. The application software development and hardware interfacing comprised the majority of the effort described herein. The purpose of the system is to allow for the collection of infrared target signature data which hopefully will enhance development of phenomenological and semi-empirical thermal models. This paper presents a description of the instrumentation hardware and software as well as details on the interface between sensors, computers, and additional peripherals. The details of a recent system characterization activity are also included.


This paper studies the correlation between students' concentration in class and learning interest, emotional state and other influencing factors. By collecting students' classroom status data, a data set suitable for data mining is constructed. Based on the idea of Apriori algorithm, the Anaconda Navigator programming tool is used to mine the association rules of students' classroom concentration. Through data mining based on Apriori algorithm, and the association rules between students' emotional state, learning interest and other factors and in-class test scores are output. The results of strong association rules show that the better students' emotional state, learning interest and other states are, the better their classroom concentration performance is. Mining the potential influencing factors of students' classroom concentration provides valuable reference theory for students to improve classroom concentration and teachers to improve classroom teaching effect, which is helpful for teachers and students to build a more efficient classroom together in the future.


Nanodiamond treated by neutron irradiation is studied by Raman spectroscopy. The energy of the fast neutron flow is 0 5~10?MeV. The diamonds were irradiated at temperature about 45?℃ up to doses of 10 16 ~10 17 ?n·cm -2 . After irradiation, the Raman band assigns to sp 3 diamond near 1?326?cm -1 move to lower wavenumber and its half width increased. And the Raman spectroscopy also shows that affected by the energy induced by neutron flow, some the sp 2 graphite phase in nanodiamond powder transform to sp 3 diamond during the irradiation process.


We present numerical simulations of Gaussian beam propagation in an optical fiber with a linear core and a saturable self-focusing cladding. Cylindrical nonlinear waves are emitted from the core into the cladding and are initially localized only in the radial direction, forming rings. These rings can break their cylindrical symmetry through a transverse instability, which yields filaments localized both azimuthally and radially, most of which stay close to the core for long propagation distances.


SUMMARY (1) Citrus psylla, Trioza erytreae (Del Guercio) is the vector of the serious greening (bacterial) disease. Its populations were monitored using fluorescent yellow sticky traps. The overall value for b in Taylor's power law was 1 54, indicating moderately clumped spatial distribution. (2) A threshold of two or more adult individuals per set of three traps on 2 consecutive weeks was the threshold leading to a population upsurge. (3) At low altitudes (350 m), the population variability (anti-logarithm 3 x standard deviation of logarithmic raw data) was such that the maximum population level was 1 4 times that of the minimum. At higher altitudes (720 m), the maximum was 78 times the minimum. (4) Both mean population levels (in logarithmic transform) and variability were positively correlated with altitude. Population upsurges were, therefore, most extreme at higher altitudes. (5) T. erytreae was evenly spread across irrigated and non-irrigated citrus monoculture, and across natural bush vegetation. (6) Proposals are made for improving psylla management and citrus greening using this practical method of trapping.


Imidazole molecules were frequently incorporated into porous materials to improve their proton conductivity. To investigate how different arrangements of imidazoles in metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) affect the overall proton conduction, we designed and prepared a MOF-based model system. It includes an Fe−MOF as the blank, an imidazole@Fe−MOF (Im@Fe−MOF) with physically adsorbed imidazole, and an imidazole−Fe−MOF (Im−Fe−MOF), which contains chemically coordinated imidazole molecules. The parent Fe−MOF, synthesized from the exchange of carboxylates in the preformed [Fe3(μ3−O)](carboxylate)6 clusters and multitopic carboxylate ligands, serves as a control. The Im@Fe−MOF was prepared by encapsulating free imidazole molecules into the pores of the Fe−MOF, whereas the Im−Fe−MOF was obtained in situ, in which imidazole ligands coordinate to the metal nodes of the framework. Proton-conductivity analyses revealed that the proton conductivity of Im−Fe−MOF was approximately two orders of magnitude greater than those of Fe−MOF and Im@Fe−MOF at room temperature. The high proton conductivity of 1.21 × 10−2 S cm−1 at 60 °C for Im−Fe−MOF ranks among the highest performing MOFs ever reported. The results of the density functional theory calculations suggest that coordinated imidazole molecules in Im−Fe−MOF provide a greater concentration of protons for proton transportation than do coordinated water molecules in Fe−MOF alone. Besides, Im−Fe−MOF exhibits steadier performance than Im@Fe−MOF does after being washed with water. Our investigation using the above ideal crystalline model system demonstrates that compared to disorderly arranged imidazole molecules in pores, the immobilized imidazole molecules by coordination bonds in the framework are more prone to form proton−conduction pathways and thus perform better and steadier in water-mediated proton conduction.


Background: For selected women diagnosed with breast cancer (BC), partial reconstructive techniques involve displacement or replacement procedures to improve cosmesis without compromising oncological safety. This study aims to evaluate the surgical outcomes of the round block (RB) compared with the subaxillary flap (SF) technique for patients with upper outer tumor. Patients and Methods: Thirty-three patients treated with oncoplastic conserving surgery (15 RB and 18 SF) were enrolled in this retrospective study. After carrying out a comparison of baseline characteristics, all cases were recruited for postoperative evaluation of oncological and cosmetic parameters. Moreover, we investigated several scoring combinations to check whether they could discriminate surgeon and patient satisfaction according to different functional results. Results: Median age (p < 0.05), average tumor size (p > 0.05), estimated resection volume (p > 0.05), and nodal involvement (p > 0.05) were slightly higher in the SF group. A greater frequency of DCIS (p < 0.05) in the RB series correlated with reintervention for positive margins (p > 0.001). At a mean follow-up of 19 months, no locoregional recurrences were recorded and early and late complications were comparable (p > 0.05). The overall satisfaction with cosmesis was characterized by similar proportions of good results (p > 0.05), with some details more related to each procedure. Conclusion: The proposed techniques represent effective solutions for reshaping that follows upper outer wide excision, achieving comparable complication rates, low reinterventions, and good aesthetic results in relation to technical and social functioning evaluations. However, it is crucial to establish a careful patient selection in order to manage correct surgical planning while predicting any potential sequelae or complication.


abandoned landfill site creates many problems to the community surrounding the landfill site. An abandoned landfill site in Mae-Hia Sub-district, Mueang District, Chiang Mai Province is an example of the unmanaged landfill site. Remedial work of groundwater quality needs to understand the geologic conditions. The seismic refraction survey and tomography provide the solution to delineate the geologic conditions. Seven lines of seismic refraction survey were performed using broadside configuration over an area of approximately 0.12 square kilometer. The refraction data was process as travel-time curves to display the two-dimensional velocity model. The refraction tomography shows both two-dimensional velocity model at a particular depth and three-dimensional velocity model of the shallow subsurface structure. The result demonstrates that the Mae-Hia landfill site has three layers. The upper layer was interpreted as topsoil having a wave velocity range from 124 to 849 meters per second and a thickness of 1.2 to 9 meters. The middle layer was interpreted as waste material and clayey sand having a wave velocity range from 600 to 1,719 meters per second and a thickness 2 to 13.9 meters. The lower layer was interpreted as saturated sand and saturated sand and gravel at the base of the landfill site. It has a wave velocity range from 1,351 to 2,000 meters per second and a thickness of 1.5 to more than 6.5 meters.


Funding information Economic and Social Research Council, Grant/Award Number: ES/N011171/1 Abstract While there is extensive literature on states and knowledge, there has been little focus on state ignorance: instances where states are identified as lacking knowledge relevant to addressing social problems. We present the first systematic analysis of how states perceive and respond to ignorance, developing a typology of responses (denial, resignation, and elucidation). We test and refine the typology through analyzing state ignorance of unauthorized migration in Germany and the UK, 1990–2006. Public authorities in both countries responded to ignorance through both denial and resignation. However, variations in control infrastructures and bureaucratic cultures meant that "resignation" took distinct forms. In the UK, pragmatism about the limitations of state capacity implied that officials were sanguine about their "ignorance," with pressure emanating from external political scrutiny. In Germany, by contrast, officials faced an acute conflict between bureaucratic and legal norms of the rule of law, and constraints to enforcement. Both cases reveal profound state ambivalence about elucidating social problems over which they have limited control. Received: 22 October 2019 Revised: 3 February 2020 Accepted: 15 March 2020


It is generally agreed that patients undergoing hip replacement surgery benefit if they adhere to the post-operative regime taught pre-operatively. This study compares the effectiveness of two methods of pre-operative education. Forty-two patients in two closely associated orthopaedic units were randomly assigned to one of two groups which were matched for age, sex and socioeconomic status. Twenty-one patients were asked to read instructional materials only and 21 patients were given an identical instruction pack plus personal explanation and demonstration of exercises. Patients' recall of exercises and recognition of advice given were assessed on the first post-operative day. Each patient was interviewed the next day concerning the content and delivery of the information. The study provides a preliminary indication of the importance of written pre-operative information, since both teaching methods appeared to be equally effective in imparting information.


Young children with posterior fossa ependymoma (PF‐EPN) have a worse prognosis than older children, and they have a unique molecular profile (PF‐EPN‐A subtype). Alternative treatment strategies are often used in these young patients, and their prognostic factors are less clear.


The Advanced Air Defense Electro-Optical Sensor (AADEOS) is an Advanced Technology Demonstration (ATD) Program ground-based Infrared Search and Track (IRST) system intended for use by U.S. Army Forward Area Air Defense (FAAD) units. It is designed to provide automatic detection and tracking of rotary wing and fixed-wing aircraft. The AADEOS has been built and is currently being evaluated at Fort A. P. Hill, Virginia. The evaluation includes collecting IRST video data of military aircraft and background clutter used to train target/clutter discrimination algorithms. The operational performance of the system (i.e., the declaration range and false alarm rate) is being estimated.


Abstract. Tooke JE, Hannemann MM (School of Postgraduate Medicine and Vascular Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Devon). Adverse endothelial function and the insulin resistance syndrome (Review). J Intern Med 2000; 247: 425–431.


45 I begin this paper with the observation that "Asian Canadian" seems to be in the process of shedding its quotations, those real or imagined marks suggesting the tentativeness of its relatively recent installment in the academy. With this shedding, the Asian Canadian classification appears to have arrived at a certain sense of categorical self-possession and legitimacy, no longer carrying itself as a hesitant cultural modifier. Perhaps this development is vaguely reminiscent of the cultural nationalist period of Asian American cultural criticism that saw the dropping of the hyphen from "Asian-American" to assert the integrity of a fully constituted "American" identity, rejecting the hyphen's function of consigning "Asian" to the status of a subordinate qualifier. But despite the way that the Asian Canadian category may be demonstrating a bit more poise, it strikes me that it can't quite shake a certain furtiveness over the context of its emergence. In particular, while Asian Canadian studies continues to enjoy steady growth, its main context of representation has been in the realm of literary culture—its renaissance inaugurated chiefly by literary academics rather than activists1—so much so that it remains unclear to what extent Asian Canadian panethnicity exists as a social and political identity outside the academy. The purpose of this essay is therefore to explore the emergence of "Asian Canadian" as a social category against the backdrop of a distinctive Canadian racial formation and in the shadow of Asian America. I y k o D a y


In case of mild to moderate cyanide poisoning, especially when standard antidote kits are not readily available, plasmapheresis can be utilized as an alternative option alongside supportive measures.


The objective of this research paper is to compare various types of generator used in Wind Energy Conversion system topologies. Now a days there is fast growth of variable speed WECS due to rapid advances in power electronics technologies. In present scenario there are primarily two types of generators used in WECS namely Doubly Fed Induction Generator(DFIG) used for geared operation for variable speeds and fixed speeds and Permanent Magnet Synchronous generator(PMSG) can operate gearless. As there is higher demand of power, offshore installations are gaining popularity and hence new wind turbine designs are being expected in near future, as there will be development in generators and converter design.


The theory of algebraic integer has its many applications, such as in algebraic coding, cryptology, information system and other fields. The research of algebraic integer can not leave finitely generated module, and the finitely generated module itself be also applied in group theory, ring theory, and some applied science. In this paper, we research the theory of algebraic integer using finitely generated module as tool, we obtained necessary and sufficient condition that an element is algebraic integer, and an intrinsic connects between algebraic number field and finitely generated Z-module.