An axial gradient of temperature can either suppress or enhance vortex breakdown (VB). The underlying mechanism of such VB control is centrifugal or/and gravitational convection. An additional thermal-convection flow directed oppositely to the base flow suppresses VB while a co-flow enhances VB. Our numerical simulations of a compressible flow in a sealed cylinder induced by a rotating bottom disk clearly reveal these effects. We vary the temperature gradient (e), Mach (Ma), Froude (Fr), and Reynolds (Re) numbers, and the aspect ratio (h). As e increases (e>0 corresponding to a temperature gradient parallel to the downward near-axis flow), the VB "bubble," which occurs at e=0, diminishes and then totally disappears. The opposite temperature gradient (e<0) enlarges the VB bubble and makes the flow unsteady. These effects of centrifugal convection become more prominent with increasing Ma and Re. Density variations induced by the temperature gradients are more important for VB control than those induced by t...


The design principle of ARTU-P32 remote pulse unit which took the 8 bit single-chip ATmega128 as the main control core and could receive 32 route pulse signal input was introduced.The sofware design method of the circuit and its products'characteristics,technical guideline were expounded in detail.At last,a specific application case was given.It was proved by practical use that the 32 route remote pulse unit could make the investment cost lower,and had good application effect.


This study presents a pointer-driven controller for an instrument panel. The proposed pointer utilizes the permanent magnet (PM) stepping motor produced by the Japanese company NMB. This stepping motor is vibration-proof and tolerates noise jamming as well as wind and rain exposure. Moreover, it has no mechanical structures and is low cost. Most importantly, it features accurate positioning; therefore, it can be used to measure vehicle speed, engine speed, fuel capacity, and temperature. However, the PM stepping motor of the NMB pointer requires 10 degrees for each step, and this low resolution results in roll hesitation as its steps. The aim of the current paper was to solve the problems of the large angle size and low resolution associated with this stepping motor. Based on two-phase excitation, we propose driving the motor using pulse width modulation (PWM). Specifically, we divided each 10-degree step into 100 equal parts. In other words, every step is 0.1 degrees. The resolution of pointer rotation can be increased by 100-fold by using the approach proposed in this paper. When applied to vehicle (or locomotive) instruments, the pointer can move very smoothly on the tachometer or oil gauge.


The Romantic movement led to some of the greatest works of 19th-century American literature. Written expressly for students, this book offers succinct introductions to 10 of the most important works of American Romanticism, many of which reflect the social, political, and historical concerns of the era. Included are chapters on Emerson's essays, Poe's The Raven and selected stories, Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter, Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin, and several other major texts or collections. Each chapter provides biographical information, a review of the author's critical reception, and a discussion of characters, plot, themes, language, and other topics. The volume closes with a bibliography of primary and secondary sources. Romanticism significantly influenced American literature in the 19th century and led to what has sometimes been called the American Renaissance. The Romantic movement and the period roughly contemporaneous with the Civil War gave birth to some of the most creative and enduring poems, novels, short fiction, and essays. These works are among the most imaginative and challenging pieces of American literature and hold a central place in the curriculum. In addition to their value as literary works, they chronicle the enormous social, political, and historical changes taking place in America. Written expressly for high school students, this book conveniently introduces the major works of American Romanticism.


In this paper, a threshold voltage model for high-k gate-dielectric metal–oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) is developed, with more accurate boundary conditions of the gate dielectric derived through a conformal mapping transformation method to consider the fringing-field effects including the influences of high-k gate-dielectric and sidewall spacer. Comparing with similar models, the proposed model can be applied to general situations where the gate dielectric and sidewall spacer can have different dielectric constants. The influences of sidewall spacer and high-k gate dielectric on fringing field distribution of the gate dielectric and thus threshold voltage behaviours of a MOSFET are discussed in detail.


In order to combat global warming, attention has been increasingly shifting towards nuclear and renewable energy such as wind and solar power generation as feasible power resource alternatives. The electric power suppliers of Japan are aiming to increase the amount of nuclear and non-fossil fuel power generation by over 50% of total power generation by 2020. However, this does not translate into the complete eradication of the traditional model as the remaining half will still depend on fossil fuel-based thermal power generation. Given these circumstances, Japan has aggressively implemented further measures to enhance the efficiency of thermal power generation.


The paper introduced some problems existed in air dehumidification control system,and carried on relevant eletrical transformation to solve these problems.


persecutedandexpresedsomeonewantstokillhim.Hesayshears voicesandthattheycommunicatewithhimthroughbodilysensations. Conclusions: Childhood trauma, immigration and cannabis use are significantly associated with an increased risk of functional psychosis. A neurotic personality also independently contributes to this risk. The accumulation of these factors increases vulnerabil-ity to mental disorders and leads to a worse prognosis and evolution of these pathologies. These findings could help to improve the prevention of psychosis and the development of specific treatment strategies in this particular population. Disclosure: No significant relationships.


Interactive effects of nutrient deposition and soil biota on plant competition Kelsey Hicks Advisor: University of Guelph, 2019 Hafiz Maherali Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi increase plant access to phosphorus in exchange for sugars from photosynthesis and can provide a competitive advantage in low nutrient soils. Increased phosphorus deposition may change AM fungal community composition, which in turn can influence competitive interactions among plant species. The aim of this study was to examine how phosphorus fertilizer and soil biota influence fungal effects on plant growth and competitive interactions between species that have strong (Andropogon gerardii) and weak (Bromus inermis) responses to AM fungi. The AM fungal community at sites with differences in soil fertilization can slightly influence the outcome of competition under low phosphorus fertilizer, however A. gerardii was strongly limited by its non-native competitor under high phosphorus fertilizer. My study suggests that invasive grass species may have a competitive advantage over low nutrient-adapted native species, even when native species receive greater benefits from mutualistic fungi.


Deadlock detection and release is an important means to maintain the concurrency of task in operating system, the relationship between system process and resources is usually described by means of resource allocation graph, the core of the deadlock detection is to determine whether there is a loop in the resource allocation graph and simplify the resource allocation graph. If using the traditional serial method to process the resource allocation graph, it will cause delay in the system even impossible to unlock in condition of a large number of processes exist in the system. This paper introduces the parallel processing of graph for deadlock detection, including two aspects: using the transitive closure algorithm on SIMD-CC model for loop detection in resource allocation graph, using the parallel P-BFS algorithm for Simplification of resource allocation graph. By parallel processing on the serial detection process, efficiency of the system in dealing with deadlock has been improved. Keywords-deadlock detection; parallel computing; resource allocation graph; loop detection; SIMD-CC


Background Periampullary diverticulum is an outpouching of the duodenum arising within the radius of 2–3 cm from the ampulla of Vater. It is usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally during ERCP. The prevalence of this finding widely varies from 1% to 32.8% and its association with pathological conditions has been recognized in various studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of periampullary diverticulum and its association with pancreatobiliary diseases in the studied population. Methods The study group of 2350 patients who underwent ERCP between 2014 and 2018 at the gastroenterology unit of the National Hospital of Sri Lanka was analyzed. The prevalence of patients with periampullary diverticulum was calculated. The demographic features and its association with pancreatobiliary diseases were analyzed in patients with periampullary diverticulum. Results 132 patients with periampullary diverticulum with a mean age of 62 (range 25–89) were identified. Out of 132 patients, 72% were males. The prevalence rate of periampullary diverticulum was 5.6% in the studied population. Successful biliary or pancreatic cannulation was achieved in 97% of patients with periampullary diverticulum. The presence of choledocholithiasis was diagnosed in 73 (55.3%) patients. 13 (9.8%) patients had benign common bile duct stricture and cholangiocarcinoma was found in 11 (8.3%) patients. In addition, a small number of patients had chronic calcified pancreatitis (6, 4.5%) choledochal cyst (4, 3%) pancreatic carcinoma (4, 3%) and ampullary neoplasm (3, 2.3%). However, 14 (10.6%) patients had no structural lesion as a cause for biliary obstruction. Conclusions The prevalence of periampullary diverticulum in our study population is lower than most previous reports. The presence of periampullary diverticulum is found more commonly in the elderly population with male preponderance. A significant association between choledocholithiasis and periampullary diverticulum is observed in this study


Pneumonia is a dangerous and serious lung disease. Generally, Chest Radiographs are used to detect pneumonia. This article describes a new method based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) classifiers that can identify pneumonia from a patient's X-ray. Hence, we are proposing pneumonia detection based on CNN using chest X-ray. In this paper, we analyze the existing methods of pneumonia detection and classification techniques. The performance of the proposed CNN model is compared with VGG19 and ResNet50-V2. Performance evaluation is done using Precision and Recall. The proposed CNN model provides higher accuracy compared to existing CNN models.


In this issue, we want to deepen your understanding of sexual health and its related sexual rights. Let's ponder on the issues as they occur in Pacific settings, observe the various responses towards the subject in our communities, and put forward a few messages for stepping up our responses to the attainment of improved sexual and reproductive health.


This article introduces quadrature prefiltering, an accurate, efficient, and fairly simple algorithm for prefiltering polygons for scanline rendering. It renders very high quality images at reasonable cost, strongly suppressing aliasing artifacts. For equivalent RMS error, quadrature prefiltering is significantly faster than either uniform or jittered supersampling. Quadrature prefiltering is simple to implement and space-efficient; it needs only a small two-dimensional lookup table, even when computing nonradially symmetric filter kernels. Previous algorithms have required either three-dimensional tables or a restriction to radially symmetric filter kernels. Though only slightly more complicated to implement than the widely used box prefiltering method, quadrature prefiltering can generate images with much less visible aliasing artifacts.


The title reactions were studied by the pulsed laser photolysis of a mixture of Na vapour, H2O (D2O) and N2O. NaO, formed from the reaction between Na and N2O, was monitored by time-resolved chemiluminescence at 589 nm (Na(32PJ–32S1/2)), generated from the reaction between atomic O and NaO. This yielded k(NaO+H2O, T=260–716 K)=(4.4-1.6+2.4)×10-10 exp(-(507±178)/T) and k(NaO+D2O, T=257–725 K)=(4.2-1.4+2.1)×10-10 exp(-(606±153)/T) cm3 molecule-1 s-1. Abinitio quantum calculations on the reaction potential energy surfaces were then performed using the complete basis set (CBS-Q) model of Petersson and co-workers (J. Chem. Phys., 1996, 104, 2598). These calculations show that: the reaction is essentially thermoneutral, ΔH0°(NaO+H2O→NaOH+OH)=0.0±7.5 kJ mol-1; the small kinetic isotope effect most likely arises from the deuterated reaction being about 2 kJ mol-1 more endothermic; and both the 2A″ and 2A′ surfaces contain Na(OH)2 adducts, the most strongly bound of which is 88.2 kJ mol-1 below the reactants (including zero-point energies). An RRKM model incorporating the inverse Laplace transformation method of Pilling and co-workers (J. Phys. Chem. A, 1997, 101, 9681) was then developed to investigate the effect of these adducts on the kinetics. Finally, the role of these reactions in the chemistry of sodium in the mesosphere, and in the removal of N2O in combustion systems, is briefly considered.


JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 107, NO. D20, 8088, doi:10.1029/2000JD000270, 2002 Validation of the coupled Eta/SSiB model over South America Sin Chan Chou Centro de Previsa˜o de Tempo e Estudos Clima´ticos (CPTEC), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), Cachoeira Paulista, Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil Clemente A. S. Tanajura Laborato´rio Nacional de Computac¸a˜o Cienti´fica (LNCC), Petro´polis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Yongkang Xue Department of Geography, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA Carlos A. Nobre Centro de Previsa˜o de Tempo e Estudos Clima´ticos (CPTEC), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), Cachoeira Paulista, Sa˜o Paulo, Brazil Received 18 December 2000; revised 25 June 2001; accepted 3 August 2001; published 25 October 2002. [ 1 ] Two 1-month integrations were performed with the regional Eta model coupled with the Simplified Simple Biosphere model (SSiB) over South America. The goal of the present work is to validate the model and to investigate its biases and skill on the simulations of South American climate. This is an initial step on the use of this model for climate research. The Eta model was set up with 80-km horizontal resolution and 38 vertical layers over the South American continent and part of the adjacent oceans. Analyses from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) were used as initial and lateral boundary conditions. The selected months were August and November 1997, which are in opposite phases of the precipitation annual cycle observed in the central part of South America. The model was integrated continuously for each 1-month period. Monthly means and daily variations of simulated precipitation and surface temperature compare well with observations. The patterns of simulated outgoing longwave radiation are also similar to the observed ones. However, a positive bias is verified in the simulations. The model shows a positive bias in latent and sensible heat surface fluxes due to an excessive shortwave incoming radiation at the surface. Comparisons with a version of the Eta model coupled with the bucket model shows that the Eta/SSiB version improves the surface temperature and increases precipitation in I NDEX T ERMS : 3322 Meteorology and the interior of the continent during wet months. Atmospheric Dynamics: Land/atmosphere interactions; 3337 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Numerical modeling and data assimilation; 3354 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Precipitation (1854) Citation: Chou, S. C., C. A. S. Tanajura, Y. Xue, and C. A. Nobre, Validation of the coupled Eta/SSiB model over South America, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D20), 8088, doi:10.1029/2000JD000270, 2002. 1. Introduction [ 2 ] During austral summer, the precipitation maximum over South America is located in the southern part of the Amazon river basin. During winter, the dry season is evident in the central region of tropical South America, and the precipitation maximum in the sector is located in Central America. These are opposite phases of the strong annual cycle of precipitation in the region. The transition from one phase to the other occurs generally within less than a month period [Horel et al., 1989]. [ 3 ] Other features also characterize South American climate [Satyamurty et al., 1998]. During the summer, in Copyright 2002 by the American Geophysical Union. 0148-0227/02/2000JD000270$09.00 LBA general, the South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) is formed and is responsible for the precipitation maximum in the central and southeastern parts of the continent. The SACZ is associated with the Bolivian High and the con- vective activity over the Amazon [Figueroa et al., 1995; Liebmann et al., 1999]. During the winter, high surface pressures prevail over the central part of the continent. This influences the trajectories of the frontal systems and causes the precipitation maximum over southern Brazil. [ 4 ] Despite the remarkable precipitation signature, the correct precipitation distribution over South America is hardly obtained by spectral general circulation models (GCMs) which are commonly used for weather and climate predictions. This occurs mostly because of their relatively low resolution. To improve the GCMs precipitation and circulation representations over specific areas, higher reso-


Changes in blood pressure are normal during pregnancy. Because, the hormone progesterone which is produced during pregnancy, can relax the walls of blood vessels. Sagging walls of blood vessels, can reduce blood pressure in the first trimester and second trimester of pregnancy. This condition can cause dizziness when sitting or standing suddenly. Normal blood pressure values in pregnant women do not differ from general conditions, which is 120/80 mmHg. If the blood pressure is recorded below 90/60 mmHg, this can indicate a blood pressure less.
This research aims to To find out how the effectiveness of iron tablets on changes in blood pressure of pregnant women at Rosni Alizar Pratama Clinic, Medan Timur District, Deli Serdang Regency in 2020. This type of research is a quasi-experimental study with a Pretest-Posttest with control group approach. The study population was all pregnant women who did ANC examination at Rosni Alizar Pratama Clinic as many as 38 people. The sample selection using purposive sampling was calculated using the Slovin formula of 28 people.
The results of the study used Wilcoxon test results obtained 0.157 and 1,000 > 0.05. It is expected that health workers on duty at the research site always measure vital signs for pregnant women during ANC visits.
Conclusion : There is no effectiveness in giving iron tablets to changes in blood pressure in pregnant women
Keywords: iron tablet, blood pressure, pregnant women


An optical circuit switched network using a 3D-MEMS crossbar is demonstrated in a datacenter-scalable stream processing system. We developed a complete software control, routing and scheduling framework to interconnect clusters of blade servers.


Because of the limited energy in wireless sensor networks,the research on routing technology on the network layer is pivotal in the architecture of wireless sensor networks.The research of cluster partition is very important in wireless sensor networks.How to cluster a network where nodes are distributed averagely is studied,how to calculate the number of clusters to economize energy is pre-sented,a grid-based cluster partition method is expounded.At last,in terms of grid-based cluster partition model two theorems are given to ensure that messages is transmitted to based-station.


To provide a treatment of pervasive developmental disorder with a redox active therapeutic agent. A pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) (Autistic Disorder, Asperger's syndrome, childhood disintegrative disorder (CDD), including Rett disorder, and not otherwise specified PDD the (PDD-NOS)) or attention deficit / hyperactivity a method for treating or inhibiting sexual disorder (ADHD), administering to a subject in need thereof, one or more compounds disclosed herein in a therapeutically effective amount of including, method. The present invention provides a method and can reduce the symptoms of autism in human patients redox active composition. .BACKGROUND


A catalytic asymmetric synthesis of unprotected secondary allylic amines based on the aza-Claisen rearrangement of N-aryl- and N-alkyl-substituted trifluoroacetimidates has been developed, which provides the targeted products with excellent enantioselectivity.


The Hood River subbasin is home to four species of anadromous salmonids: chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and sea run cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki). Indigenous spring chinook salmon were extirpated during the late 1960's. The naturally spawning spring chinook salmon currently present in the subbasin are progeny of Deschutes stock. Historically, the Hood River subbasin hatchery steelhead program utilized out-of-basin stocks for many years. Indigenous stocks of summer and winter steelhead were listed in March 1998 by National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) as a ''Threatened'' Species along with similar genetically similar steelhead in the Lower Columbia Basin. This annual report summarizes work for two consecutive contract periods: the fiscal year (FY) 1999 contract period was 1 October, 1998 through 30 September, 1999 and 1 October, 1999 through 30 September, 2000 for FY 2000. Work implemented during FY 1999 and FY 2000 included (1) acclimation of hatchery spring chinook salmon and hatchery summer and winter steelhead smolts, (2) spring chinook salmon spawning ground surveys on the West Fork Hood River (3) genetic analysis of steelhead and cutthroat [contractual service with the ODFW], (4) Hood River water temperature studies, (5) Oak Springs Hatchery (OSH) and Round Butte Hatchery (RBH) coded-wire tagging and clipping evaluation, (6) preparation of the Hood River Watershed Assessment (Coccoli et al., December 1999) and the Fish Habitat Protection, Restoration, and Monitoring Plan (Coccoli et al., February 2000), (7) project implementation of early action habitat protection and restoration projects, (8) Pelton Ladder evaluation studies, (9) management oversight and guidance to BPA and ODFW engineering on HRPP facilities, and (10) preparation of an annual report summarizing project objectives for FY 1999 and FY 2000.


The investigation of the Preglow effect is driven with the aim of creating a short-pulsed multicharged ion source. Recent experimental investigations have revealed strong influence of seed electrons, i.e. initial plasma density, on the amplitude and duration of the Preglow peak [1]. Present work, consisting of experiments and simulations, is dedicated to further investigation of the Preglow dependence on initial plasma density and electrons energy. Experimental investigation was performed at University of Jyvaskyla (JYFL) with the AECR type ECRIS operated with 14 GHz frequency. Helium was used for the study. An initial ionization degree of the gas was varied by changing the pulse duration and duty factor. Time-resolved ion currents of He+ and He2+ were recorded. Calculations were made by using 0-dimensional model described in references [2], [3] and based on the balance equations for the particles confined in the magnetic trap. Results of simulation are compared with experimental Preglow peaks and discussed. Good agreement between experimental data and simulation encourages us to conduct a further study, aimed at optimizing the Preglow by tuning source parameters and initial plasma conditions.


Conventionally the pose of the field robot is estimated using the combination of Inertial Measurement Unit(IMU) and position sensors like Ultra Wideband(UWB), GPS. In this paper an approach to estimate the position and orientation of a field robot only using UWB sensor is presented. One UWB tag integrated with the field robot is sufficient for positional estimation but not for orientation. So, the system is realized using two UWB tags integrated to the field robot. A novel method is proposed for the estimation of orientation. Based on the estimation of initial pose of the field robot using our approach a set of waypoints are generated for path planning and navigation. The generated waypoints are visualized using a 3D visualization tool Rviz. This approach is suitable for both indoor and outdoor navigation of field robots.


Hydroxytyrosol derivatives are the most important phenolic components in virgin olive oil due to their well-demonstrated biological activities. In this regard, two phenyl acetaldehyde reductase genes, OePAR1.1 and OePAR1.2, involved in hydroxytyrosol synthesis, have been identified from an olive transcriptome. Both genes were synthesized and expressed in Escherichia coli, and their encoded proteins were purified. The recombinant enzymes display high substrate specificity for 2,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (3,4-DHPAA) to form hydroxytyrosol. The reaction catalyzed by OePAR constitutes the second, and last, biochemical step in the formation of hydroxytyrosol from the amino acid L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) in olive. OePAR1.1 and OePAR1.2 enzymes exhibit high thermal stability, similar pH optima (pH 6.5), and high affinity for 3,4-DHPAA (apparent Km 0.6 and 0.8 µmol min−1 mg−1, respectively). However, OePAR1.2 exhibited higher specific activity and higher expression levels in all the olive cultivars under study. The expression analyses indicate that both OePAR1.1 and OePAR1.2 genes are temporally regulated in a cultivar-dependent manner. The information provided here could be of interest for olive breeding programs searching for new olive genotypes with the capacity to produce oils with higher levels of hydroxytyrosol derivatives.


Background Approximately 30% of patients with psoriasis develop a chronic inflammatory arthritis referred to as psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The ability to accurately predict which psoriasis patients will develop PsA would enable early intervention and help prevent disability. Both psoriasis and PsA have a substantial genetic risk component, however the utility of using genetic risk factors for the prediction of PsA is currently unknown. Alleles of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes represent the largest genetic effects observed for both psoriasis and PsA (HLA-C*0602 and HLA-B*27 respectively); these genes are highly polymorphic with extensive linkage disequilibrium (LD) which will make variable (feature) selection using statistical models very challenging. Machine learning methods, such as information theoretic criteria, are well suited to this challenge and will find a subset of the original variables that enable more accurate prediction. Objectives To apply machine learning methods for feature selection of HLA alleles and evaluate the accuracy of these feature for the prediction of PsA. Methods Feature selection was performed using information theoretic criteria methods which are classifier independent methods that provide a ranking of genetic features that differentiate PsA from cutaneous-only psoriasis. Multiple methods were tested; mutual information maximisation (MIM), joint mutual information (JMI), minimal-Redundancy-Maximal-Relevance (mRMR) and conditional mutual information maximisation (CMIM). Two principal components (population stratification) and age of psoriasis onset were included as potential confounders. The Bagged Trees method was used for classification and the performance of the predictive models were assessed using area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. These methods were applied to a dataset of 1462 PsA cases and 1132 cutaneous-only psoriasis cases using 2-digit and 4-digit classical HLA alleles imputed using the SNP2HLA algorithm. Results The single most important features based on rank were identified as HLA-B*27 (2-digit) and HLA-B*2705 (4-digit) by the four different feature selection techniques; this is consistent with previous analyses of this data using regression based methods. However, the predictive accuracy of these single features was found to be poor (AUC 0.55 HLA-B*27). Sequentially adding additional HLA features based on rank substantially improved the performance of the classification model where 20 2-digit features selected by JMI demonstrated an average AUC of 0.84 based on 10 cross-fold validation (figure 1). Conclusions The results demonstrate that classification models constructed from multiple HLA alleles substantially outperform classification based solely on the previously reported PsA risk allele (HLA-B*27). Importantly, the study demonstrates that this additional information is efficiently captured using information theoretic criteria methods which capture correlations between markers. Disclosure of Interest None declared


The invention relates to the field of road construction and particularly relates to a construction method on permafrost. By adopting a dynamic compaction replacement and geotechnical grid method, the problems that frost heaving and thaw settlement do not occur in the later use process of subgrad are solved, and simultaneously by arranging an air guide groove on the peripheral surface of a tamping body, the accuracy of a rammer in falling is effectively improved. By arranging a concave groove on an impact surface at the impact end of the point rammer, a rugged occlusal surface is formed on the point rammed subgrade, and the firmness of the occlusal surface of a filler is greatly improved. The construction method reduces the damage to the geology and water and soil at two sides of the subgrade, and also avoids the damage to resources due to the use of large-space gravel and rubble, thus minimizing the impact on the ground, successfully protecting the original ecological environment, greatly reducing the construction cost, shortening the construction period, and most importantly ensuring the engineering quality. The construction method is applicable to the construction of highways or railways on island permafrost.


This document extends RFC 4279, RFC 4492 and RFC 4785, and specifies a
set of ciphersuites that use a pre-shared key (PSK) to authenticate an
Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman exchange (ECDH). These ciphersuites
provide Perfect Forward Secrecy (PFS). The reader is expected to
become familiar with RFC 4279, RFC 4492, and RFC 4785 prior to
studying this document.


Improvements of freeway-freeway interchanges in Texas have been initiated through re-design and reconstruction. However, little documentation or definitive guidelines exist to assist in these efforts. Alternative designs need to be considered and evaluated for freeway-freeway interchanges. The operational impacts of alternative designs which will best accommodate current and future freeway demands must be evaluated. This research study focuses on the interaction between different freeway-freeway interchange designs and the resulting effects on operations and safety. The methodology followed to evaluate the operational effects of freeway-freeway interchange design consisted of four steps: 1) Determination of operational effects as related to different interchange types; 2) Assessments of the level and patterns of interchange accidents; 3) Analysis of geometric elements of interchanges; and 4) Case study examination of specific alternative interchange designs and improvements.


TLR9-deficient (TLR9−/−) NOD mice develop a significantly reduced incidence of diabetes. This study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the protective role of TLR9 deficiency. Through gene screening and confirmation by both mRNA and protein expression, we found a significant increase in CD73-expressing immune cells from peripheral lymphoid tissues in TLR9−/− NOD mice. The elevated frequency of CD73-expressing immune cells seemed to be specific for TLR9 deficiency and was MyD88 independent. Moreover, the increased frequency of CD73 expression was limited to the NOD background. Increased frequency of CD73 expression was also associated with lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines and more anti-inflammatory cytokine production in CD4+ T cells in TLR9−/− NOD mice. Purified CD73+CD4+ T cells showed stronger immunosuppressive function in vitro and delayed diabetes development in vivo. The immunosuppression appeared to be mediated by TGF-β. In addition, elevated frequency of CD73-expressing cells was associated with improved β cell function. Our observations were further confirmed by protection from diabetes with similar alterations in CD73 in the NY8.3 TCR NOD mouse model crossed with TLR9−/− mice and by the use of a TLR9 inhibitor in NOD mice. Our novel findings suggest an important immune-regulatory role of CD73 in regulation of diabetes development and may offer a new therapeutic strategy for specific intervention to prevent type 1 diabetes.


Data warehouses present a powerful framework for storing and analyzing huge amounts of data. In this context analyses focus on data that has been gathered over long periods of time, often between one and five years. A data warehouse can therefore be regarded as a specialized historical database. However not only the data kept in a data warehouse has to be seen in a temporal context, but also the fact that dimension data may undergo changes during such a time period needs to be taken into consideration. In this paper we focus on update operations on dimensions and establish a notion of consistency for guiding such operations. We devise algorithms for executing update operations that can be shown to preserve consistency, and we study their time complexity.


The herbal medicine product Lianhuaqingwen (LHQW) capsule has been clinically proven to be useful in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
 pneumonia. Human exposure to components of LHQW and its pharmacological effects.


The doctrine of necessity could open the way for doctors to operate to separate Siamese twins Jodie and Mary without committing an unlawful killing even though the weaker twin will die, the Appeal Court in London was told this week.

Lawyers appointed by the attorney general to advise the three judges on the criminal law told the court that this would need only a small development in the common law, relying on the doctrine of necessity and the question of how far an unlawful act can be excused if the …


Many methods exist to identify the degrees of freedom (DOFs) that are to be measured during a mode survey test. One popular method is effective independence. Effective independence attempts to retain linear independence of the modal vectors while eliminating from the proposed measurement set those DOFs which contribute the least to the linear independence. However, mode shapes are not only linearly independent vectors ‐ they are also self-orthogonal with respect to the mass. Therefore, using a metric based on linear independence may not result in an acceptable candidate set of measurements. In order to address this shortcoming, several methods have been investigated which introduce a selforthogonality constraint via mass-weighting of the effective independence matrix. The results of these methods for a simple example as well as a complex space structure will be presented along with relative measures of performance and computational effort. The study leads to the conclusion that the use of a Guyan reduced mass matrix without the factorization methods used in previous studies leads to acceptable performance based on measures of computational effort and self-orthogonality of test-article modes.


Neutral-pion production in 250-GeV/c ..pi../sup -/p interactions are studied using the Fermilab 15-ft bubble chamber. The mean number of neutral pions produced is 3.54 +- 0.15 per inelastic collision and a fit to a linear dependence on the charged multiplicity gives = 1.30+0.56. The ..pi../sup 0/ transverse- and longitudinal-momentum distributions are obtained from the inclusive ..gamma..-ray data and compared with the distribution obtained from those ..pi../sup 0/'s which have both decay ..gamma.. rays converting in the bubble chamber.


Bamboo leaves contain a lot of flavonoids. Bamboo leaves flavonoids is a new type of natural active substances with multiple physiological function, it has high development value. The scientific community has done a lot of research on bamboo leaves flavonoids, the domestic and foreign research present situation was reviewed, the research progress of its physiological effects and mechanism of action was introduced. Meanwhile, the country's industrialization and the application status of the case in medicine and health products, food, daily chemical products and other industries were introduced.


To understand the brain we must relate neurons' functional responses to the circuit architecture that shapes them. Here, we present a large functional connectomics dataset with dense calcium imaging of a millimeter scale volume. We recorded activity from approximately 75,000 neurons in primary visual cortex (VISp) and three higher visual areas (VISrl, VISal and VISlm) in an awake mouse viewing natural movies and synthetic stimuli. The functional data were co-registered with a volumetric electron microscopy (EM) reconstruction containing more than 200,000 cells and 0.5 billion synapses. Subsequent proofreading of a subset of neurons in this volume yielded reconstructions that include complete dendritic trees as well the local and inter-areal axonal projections that map up to thousands of cell-to-cell connections per neuron. Here, we release this dataset as an open-access resource to the scientific community including a set of tools that facilitate data retrieval and downstream analysis. In accompanying papers we describe our findings using the dataset to provide a comprehensive structural characterization of cortical cell types1–3 and the most detailed synaptic level connectivity diagram of a cortical column to date2, uncovering unique cell-type specific inhibitory motifs that can be linked to gene expression data4. Functionally, we identify new computational principles of how information is integrated across visual space5, characterize novel types of neuronal invariances6 and bring structure and function together to decipher a general principle that wires excitatory neurons within and across areas7, 8.


PURPOSE: To produce the subject composition capable of safe and laborsaving application to a paddy field by heat-melting a watersoluble solid polymer compound, mixing an agrochemical component and a foaming component, etc., capable of generating a gas in water therewith, subsequently charging the resultant mixture in a frame, cooling and solidifying it. CONSTITUTION: A water-soluble polymer compound exhibiting a solid state at room temperatures, e.g. polyethylene glycol having ≥1000 average molecular weight or a polyalkylene oxide having ≥100000 average molecular weight is heat-melted at about 70°C and an agrochemical component (e.g. a herbicide, a germicide, an insecticidal and miticidal agent or a plant growth regulator) and a foaming agent component (A component containing potassium carbonate, potassium hydrogencarbonate, etc., in combination with tartaric acid, citric acid, etc., is especially preferable) capable of generating a gas in water and others are admixed therewith. The obtained mixture is subsequently charged into a frame (A plastic frame is especially preferable), then cooled and solidified so as to readily obtain the objective solid agrochemical composition. Since the resultant composition is a void-free solid and, therefore, free from permeation of water into the composition when being applied to a paddy field, foams are relatively slowly generated from the surface at a constant rate. The above- mentioned composition also can be stored for a long period. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO&Japio


A theoretical model for the estimation of fatigue crack length of tensile-shear spot welded specimen is developed which incorporates the natural frequency and mode variation. The model is based on the concept that the propagation of cracks causes a release of strain energy, which is related to the structural modal shape. The effect of the structural mode shape and crack location is also explained. The model, experimental, and finite element results indicate that the existence of cracks cause the reduction of natural frequencies and change of natural modes, and that the mode shape of the structure and crack location will affect the magnitude of the change of these dynamic variables. The predictions of the model are compared with the experimental data and finite element analysis results and agreement is found to be consistent.


The present invention is an improvement of the metal finishing process disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,818,333. This improvement is achieved by a combination of chemical substances which are reactive with the non-abrasive media, such as stainless steel or plastic against machined are metal surfaces. The present invention also encompasses a metal article was finish using this method.


- In recent years, automated machine vision based technology has become more potential and important in many areas like agricultural sector and Food Processing Industry. Sorting and Grading of the fruit is one of the most important process, but this procedure is mostly carried out manually which is not efficient as it tends to human error.An automatic fruit quality inspection system helps in speed up the process improve accuracy and efficiency and reduce time. The Grading process is carried out by capturing the fruit image using camera and this image is interpreted using image various processing techniques.The sorting process is done by sorting the fruits based on Color and Shape parameters. Then image processing is done Defected fruit is detected Size detection is based on binary image of Fruit Sorting is done based on color and grading is done based on size. The Main aim of the proposed system is to Sort and Grade the variety of Fruits by implemented Image Processing Techniques.By using Image Processing Techniques we can make the the sorting and grading process more efficient than the manual work.It will improve the quality as well as it will take less time.


Relatively speaking,socialized education stands in comparison with immersion education,maintaining that education in broad sense should overtake school education,promoting socialization of education,harmonizing different social influences,and accelarating social education.It lays stress on systematic nature and flexibility,making full use of educational resources in society,and forming joint forces by integrating formal and informal education.


In the following study a single-phase isolated improved trans-ZS AC-AC converter is analyzed, designed and simulated. This converter is from Z-source family and contains their specific advantages such as inclusive variety of buck-boost output voltage in in-phase or out-of-phase manner. Also, a high frequency transformer (HFT) is utilized in its structure in order to electrical insulation. Therefore, in some applications, for example dynamic voltage restorers (DVRs), there are no need for bulky and lossy grid-coupling transformers. Furthermore, a safe commutation method has been utilized which eliminates the voltage spikes upon power switches. One of the distinct tasks of this paper is to bring all three-winding transformer's conversion ratios into computation as well as extracting all the governing relations of the structure in in-phase and out-of-phase operational states. Finally, the simulation using power systems computer-aided design (PSCAD) software is conducted to confirm the analysis.


I t is well established that patients with chronic ulcerative colitis (UC) are at increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). When compared with the general population, the relative risk of CRC in patients with long-standing, pancolonic involvement is 19 times higher, and 4-fold higher for those with disease limited to the left colon.1 Risk factors for CRC in UC include extensive disease (proximal to the splenic flexure), disease 8 years, a family history of CRC, more severe inflammation, primary sclerosing cholangitis (even after liver transplantation), and possibly an earlier age at diagnosis of disease.1,2 The CRC risk for all patients with UC is estimated to be 2% after 10 years of disease, 8% after 20 years, and 18% after 30 years.3,4 Risk estimates are even higher for patients with pancolonic disease: 5% at 10 years, 20% at 20 years, and 40% after 25 years.1,3 Fortunately, detection of CRC at an early stage in patients with chronic UC is associated with a good prognosis.2 The finding of dysplasia in colonic mucosal biopsies is regarded as a predictor of CRC and, depending on the circumstances, an indication for total proctocolectomy. Although several tests are currently under evaluation as markers to predict premalignant states, none has surpassed dysplasia as a predictor of CRC.4 As a result, colonoscopic surveillance to detect dysplasia or malignancy and decrease mortality from CRC has become a well-accepted and recommended practice in the UC population. Most authorities recommend 4-quadrant biopsies every 10 cm for a total of 36–40 biopsies, with surveillance beginning 8–10 years after diagnosis in those with pancolitis and after 10–15 years in those with left-sided disease.1,4,5 Although currently regarded as the gold standard for detection of dysplasia and CRC, surveillance colonoscopy is imperfect.6 It is labor-intensive, not without risk, and has limitations with respect to identification of dysplasia. First, neoplastic areas may appear endoscopically normal, making it difficult for the endoscopist to identify suspicious areas for biopsy. Chromoendoscopy with magnification endoscopes has been advocated by some as a technique to enhance detection of dysplasia, although superiority over conventional endoscopy has not yet been established.1 Second, even when 36–40 biopsies are taken, the total surface area sampled is small ( 0.2%), meaning a large potential for sampling error.6,7 Third is the risk of misinterpretation of the biopsy samples by the pathologist. Even in expert hands, the risk of false-positive and false-negative diagnosis of dysplasia can be as high as 5% and 48%, respectively.7,8 Direct evidence that surveillance increases life expectancy in patients with chronic UC would require following thousands of patients for decades.8 In the absence of such data, Provenzale et al8 used decision analysis to provide indirect evidence for the effectiveness of surveillance. Using a simulated cohort of 10,000 UC patients, the authors showed surveillance increases life expectancy by up to 1.2 years compared with no surveillance. In a separate study, the same authors demonstrated that quality of life after total colectomy is preserved.9 A subsequent cost-effectiveness analysis examined the net cost of a surveillance program in UC patients per year of life gained and calculated a cost-effectiveness ratio for each of several surveillance strategies.10 Such a ratio is a measure of the efficiency with which a practice or program utilizes economic resources. Surveillance colonoscopy with colectomy for dysplasia was shown to have an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio similar to that of other, well-accepted medical practices such as heart transplantation for those with end-stage heart disease who are younger than 50, screening for tuberculosis in select populations, or cervical cancer screening with Pap smear every 3 years.7,10 In summary, although no randomized controlled trials demonstrating superiority or efficacy of CRC surveillance in chronic UC patients have been performed, available, indirect evidence supports surveillance in this high-risk population as a means to reduce CRC mortality. However, the cost-effectiveness of such a program depends on the perspective of the decision maker: the patient must be willing to undergo repeated endoscopy and colectomy if dysplasia is identified; the physician must be willing to perform repeated, lengthy procedures and recommend colectomy for dysplasia; and policy makers with limited healthcare resources must determine what surveillance intervals can be supported.10 Data from cost-effectiveness studies suggest that CRC surveillance in chronic UC is comparable to other accepted medical practices. New techniques to improve detection of dysplasia or to From the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic, Duke University Medical Center, North Carolina, USA. Copyright © 2008 Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America, Inc. DOI 10.1002/ibd.20613 Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com).


Similarities and differences between biodegradation and non-enzymatic degradation, S.J. Hang et al the complexity of the biodegradation of poly(2-hydroxy acid)-type aliphatic polyesters, M. Vert et al biodegradation of polyethers and polyacrylate, F. Kawai biodegradation of biosynthetic and chemosynthetic polyhydroxyalkanoates, Y. Doi et al environmental biodegradation of hydrocarbon polymers - initiation and control, G. Scott effects of soil conditions on biodegradation of plastics and responsible microorganisms, M. Kimura et al properties and applications of polyhydroxyalkanoates, M.K. Cox plastid targeting of the enzymes required for the production of polyhydroxybutyrate in higher plants, C. Nawrath et al enzymatic degradation of polymer blends, Y. Tokiwa and A. Iwamoto starch/vinyl-alcohol copolymer interactions, C. Bastioli et al strategy for biodegradability testing in OECD, M. Kitano and Y. Yakabe perspectives on standard test methods for biodegradable plastics, R.P. Wool field testing of biodegradable plastics, H. Sawada governmental policy, regulations and standards, A.-C. Albertsson and R.H. Marchessault. (Part Contents).


A ferroresonant-based two-phase circuit has a function of parametric oscillator, and is widely used in various kinds of power device. When the load conductance of the circuit is very small, the parametric oscillations occurring in the circuit become unstable. It has been reported that the occurrence of unstable oscillations is due to the resistance of the power supply side of the circuit. When the magnetization curve of the circuit reactor has a sharp saturation characteristic, unstable oscillations that are different from the above-mentioned type occur in the first ciruit of the two-phase circuit. This paper clarifies the relationship between the unstable state of the circuit and the nonlinearity of the magnetization curves of the cores used in the circuit, and confirms experimentally validity of the analysis.


In the process of shape matching based on shape context,each of the samples is directly classified into one bin in the histogram,which leads to the inaccurate feature representation and matching bias results.With fuzzy membership function introduced into log-polar coordinate,fuzzy shape context is constructed based on the histogram which represents the fuzzy partition on the distribution of samples,and shapes can be accurately represented by the descriptor.The sample set is divided into subsets in polar coordinates,and segment matching is proposed for shape matching with incorrect matches eliminated.On this basis,the circular shift matching is adopted for resolving the problem of shape matching in different postures.Experimental results prove that shape recognition and retrieval can be effectively achieved by using the proposed method.


To better simulate the three-dimensional trees and the effect of dynamic swaying, this paper proposes a way of using the Perlin noise to generate a mathematical model of the virtual wind, and using the Iterated Function Systems(IFS)to build the3-D trees model. Then this method uses dynamical equation to calculate the amplitude of swaying trees, the rotation angle and offset size of the branches and leaves. Experimental result shows that the method can better simulate the natural form of trees and real effects of dynamic swaying.


Abstract Surveyed in this account are the syntheses of nocardiolactone, valilactone, nonactin, pamamycin 621A, and IKD-8344 performed by our group. The key step of these formations is intramolecular O-alkylation involving positions extremely liable to β-elimination under conventional alkylation conditions. 1 Introduction 2 Nocardiolactone 3 Valilactone 4 Nonactin 5 Pamamycin 621A 6 IKD-8344 7 Summary


A series of dealuminatead faujasitic zeolites, obtained from the ammonium form of Y zeolite, was prepared by two different methodologies: a relatively common self-steaming method, where temperatures in the range 813 to 1093 K were used, and a less well studied solid-state dealumination method using ammonium hexafluorosilicate, which employed a lower temperature (453 K) than those used in the self-steaming method. It was possible to obtain samples by solid-state dealumination with both high levels of dealumination and good crystallinity. Textural and surface chemistry parameters, such as the micropore volume and the hydrophobic character of the surface, respectively, were correlated with the extent of dealumination. The adsorption isotherms of two selected volatile organic compounds (VOCs), one oxygenated (methyl ethyl ketone) and the other chlorinated (1,1,1-trichloroethane), were measured at 298 K by the gravimetric method. For one of the samples obtained by solid-state dealumination in particular, the adsorption isotherms of the studied VOCs presented adequate characteristics for the adsorption of these molecules, namely significant adsorption capacity and a moderately rectangular shape. This latter aspect can be of importance, for instance, in terms of regeneration of the adsorbent.


In this paper, we establish a necessary and sufficient condition for two algebraic integers in complex quadratic number fields to be consecutive terms of generalized Fibonacci numbers. We use this result to obtain all solutions of the Diophantine equation x2− ax y + b y2 = c over Gaussian integers, where b and c are units in Z[i] and a ∈ Z[i] with |a|2 3⁄4 10.


The validity of Aegla rosanae Campos Jr., 1998 as a new species was analysed. On the basis of comparisons with Aegla paulensis Schmitt, A. rosanae was considered its junior synonym.


During the latter half of the nineteenth century, the establishment of the foreign settlements in Shanghai led to an enclave within China in which the representatives of China's elite culture, the gentry, had no political basis from which to enforce their standards on the non-elite, or ordinary people of Shanghai. These people themselves had left the traditional environment of clan and gentry control, and were to a very large degree free of such restraints, and the foreign authorities had no interest in imposing or maintaining any particular cultural norms. The new physical and social environment of Shanghai was also conducive to the development of many new attitudes amongst the people who lived there towards the symbolic systems of rank and clothing, the concept of health and the human body, the pattern of human relations, relations between men and women and the traditional social order. The basic characteristics of twentieth century Shanghai culture developed during this period. This thesis seeks to explore the development of this new type of popular culture in Shanghai. The main source material has been the Dianshizhai Pictorial, a magazine published between 1884 and 1898, which reflects popular attitudes and culture in that period. Other material used includes the Shen Bao, a daily newspaper published in Shanghai, novels, memoirs and modem studies on the history of Shanghai in the late nineteenth century, as well as studies on various aspects of popular culture in China and elsewhere.


Vibration measurement has been used for power transformer's On-Load Tap Changer (OLTC) condition monitoring. In this paper, a signal processing method based on Savitzky-Golay filter is developed. The proposed method is applied to process a series of vibration signals measured from an OLTC when the OLTC operates throughout a number of its tap positions and subsequently evaluate the condition of these tap positions. Savitzky-Golay filter extracts the information embedded in the originally measured signal without latency in time. As such, it transforms effectively complicate feature of vibration signal into a simplified form of envelope curve. After being processed by Savitzky-Golay filter, the vibration signals corresponding to different tap positions are compared. The comparison results help to understand the characteristics of vibration signals for monitoring the mechanical condition change in OLTC.


The authors use the Survey of Inmates in State and Federal Correctional Facilities 2004, which includes 18,185 respondents, to examine why some inmates are more likely to experience violent victimization in prison, focusing on the effects of mental disorders, physical disabilities, and physical size. The authors test four hypotheses based on patterns of minor versus serious victimization and two mediators for provocative behaviors: verbal abuse and physical assault. (1) The authors do not find much support for the hypothesis that inmates with mental disorders, physical disabilities, or small physical size are stigmatized as being vulnerable. Inmates with symptoms of delusions are the only exception. (2) The authors do not find support for the hypothesis that inmates with mental disorders are labeled as being threatening, but they do find support for inmates with larger physical size. (3) The authors find support for the hypothesis that provocation contributes to the victimization of inmates with some types of mental disorders: personality disorders and paranoid thoughts. The victimization of inmates with other mental disorders is not explained by provocation, however. (4) The authors find tentative support for the hypothesis of reversed causality between some types of physical disabilities and serious violent victimization: Paralysis and brain injuries are probably consequences of serious violent victimization while in prison. In contrast, arthritis is a risk factor for victimization.


We report the case of a liver transplant recipient, cytomegalovirus (CMV) donor-positive (D+), recipient-negative (R−), with primary multidrug-resistant CMV infection treated with a combination therapy of letermovir and (val)ganciclovir.


Being a branch of calligraphy, the imperial monogram (tugra) is one of the subject matters of the classical Turkish poetry with regard to its form and its function within the Ottoman social life. The poems written only to describe and praise the monogram of a statesman should be called tugraiyye implying the name of the genre. In this article, definition for the genre has been made considering the examples of tugraiyye which we could find out. Also we have studied the form of a monogram and descriptions of monogram in poems.


While mathematics teachers believe that student journal writing is beneficial, however, not many have tried to implement writing in their classrooms. I began a project that places journal writing at the center of my Course II class. The main purpose of my project was to see how daily journal writings affected the teacher's practice and to assess its benefits and demands. Even before beginning the project, I had anticipated that time was going to be a factor, which it was. What I had not anticipated was the extent to which good mathematical discourse must be modeled in order to establish a viable discourse community which, in tum, enabled students to write quality journals, to deepen their thinking, to heighten their interest in mathematics, and to establish an atmosphere of trust and respect--in brief, to transform the classroom and to good measure my own teaching. Upon the completion of this project, I came to the following conclusions: writing in mathematics helped me to learn that students are capable of more than we give them credit for and writing in mathematics is a powerful tool that helps to heighten a student's understanding. Document Type Thesis This thesis is available at Fisher Digital Publications: http://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/mathcs_etd_masters/130 Journals in Mathematics I The Benefits and Demands of Journal Writing in a Mathematics Classroom Casey E. Vaccaro St. John Fisher College Journals in Mathematics 2


Purpose: Renal ischemia and direct toxicity of contrast media are involved in the pathogenesis of CIN. Our hypothesis was that sufficient oxygenation before contrast medium administration may mitigate kidney injury and reduce the incidence of CIN. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of oxygen preconditioning in preventing CIN for patients undergoing elective cardiovascular angiography.

Methods: We studied 200 consecutive patients with chronic kidney disease (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2) undergoing elective cardiovascular angiography. Patients were selected and randomly assigned to either an oxygen preconditioning group (n = 100) or a control group (n = 100). Oxygen preconditioning was achieved by administering 2 L/min of pure oxygen 15 min before exposure to contrast medium. The primary endpoint was occurrence of CIN, defined as an increase in the serum creatinine levels of ≥ 25% or 0.5 mg/dL above the baseline level within 48 h of exposure. N-Acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) and the urinary liver-type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) were also evaluated at baseline and at the end of the procedure. The study was registered at UMIN-CTR with the identifier UMIN000007125.

Results: In the oxygen preconditioning group, PaO2 was significantly higher (127±24 vs. 88±12 mmHg, P < 0.001) and the incidence of CIN was lower (2% vs. 11%, OR: 0.10, P = 0.01) compared to that of the control group. Multivariate analysis revealed that PaO2 <100 mmHg (OR 6.56, P = 0.02) was the only significant predictor of CIN. Oxygen preconditioning was associated with an 82% reduction in CIN incidence. (OR: 0.17, P < 0.001). Significantly greater reduction in NAG was observed in the oxygen preconditioning group than that in the control group (6.4±3.7 vs. 10.1±8.3 U/L, P < 0.05) at 2 days after the procedure.

Conclusions: Oxygen preconditioning reduced the incidence of CIN in patients with reduced eGFR by reduction of the damage of renal proximal tube. This simple preventive strategy may be beneficial for patients with chronic kidney disease who undergo cardiac catheterization.


In a one-generation fermion condensate scheme of electroweak symmetry breaking, it is proven that at finite temperature T below the symmetry restoration temperature T c , a massive Higgs boson and three massless Nambu-Goldstone bosons could emerge from the spontaneous breaking of electroweak group SUi(2) x Uy(l) —> UQ(1) if the two fermion flavors in the one generation are mass-degenerate, thus the Goldstone Theorem is rigorously valid in this case. However, if the two fermion flavors have unequal masses, owing to "thermal fluctuation", the Goldstone Theorem will be true only approximately for a very large momentum cut-off A in zero temperature fermion loop or for low energy scales. All possible pinch singularities are proven to cancel each other, as is expected in a real-time thermal field theory.


Image stabilization is a precursor to visual navigation for the flapping wing. Flapping wing is a flexible and efficient bionic aircraft which can switch flight mode freely. It can fly as flexible as rotorcraft and can also be as efficient as fixed-wing. However, violent drift is generated among the image sequence due to the reciprocating periodic flapping of its wings, being hard to be compensated for by conventional methods. In this paper, we proposed a novel image stabilization method base on panoramic dense optical flow matching and employ the method on a self-developed ultra-light flapping wing X-FLAP which weighs only 5 $g$. The track and vibration of X-FLAP during flight is detected by the Vicon cameras for comprehension of the source of image drift. Furthermore, the proposed method is formulated using the mathematic model of the optical flow and the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO). The motion matching algorithm is proposed that is based on the above model and is proven by the experimental results.


Post-trial pharmacological activation of the noradrenergic system can facilitate memory consolidation. Because exercise activates the locus coeruleus and increases brain norepinephrine release, we hypothesized that post-trial exercise could function as a natural stimulus to enhance memory consolidation. We investigated this in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and cognitively normal elderly individuals by examining the effects of an acute bout of post-learning, aerobic exercise (6 minutes at 70% VO2 max on a stationary bicycle) on memory for some emotional images. Exercise significantly elevated endogenous norepinephrine (measured via the biomarker, salivary alpha-amylase) in both aMCI patients and controls. Additionally, exercise retrogradely enhanced memory in both aMCI patients and controls. Acute exercise that activates the noradrenergic system may serve as a beneficial, natural, and practical therapeutic intervention for cognitive decline in the aging population.


Ensuring the good usability and user experience of software systems is invaluable, and for that, following a standardized usability engineering process is fundamental. Prototyping plays a crucial role in this process, enabling the proper validation of the usability guidelines before reaching the actual implementation phase. This dissertation focuses on the construction of a JavaScript widgets library to ease the process of prototyping user interfaces. This library will later be incorporated in the prototyping software tool PVSio-Web. keywords PVSio-Web, prototyping, user interfaces, usability.


The concept of hope is the subject of current scientific research, due to its anecdotal ability to promote psychological and physical well-being. In this essay, I explore the role of hope and the means by which stories and storytelling can inspire or restore it, through the lens of Jewish storytelling. As a people with a long, tragic history, the Jews have developed what might be termed an "archive" of hope. One of its most prominent figures is the Biblical prophet Elijah, who is believed to promote physical and/or spiritual and emotional healing. In Jewish folklore, Elijah is transformed into the Master of Miracles. Throughout history, he has become the most beloved of folklore heroes, playing the roles of mediator, matchmaker, opener of possibilities, rescuer, teacher or fairy godfather, all of which serves to restore hope.


The EndoTOFPET-US collaboration is developing a multi-modal imaging tool combining Ultrasound with Time-Of-Flight Positron Emission Tomography into an endoscopic imaging device. The objective of the project is to obtain a coincidence time resolution of about 200ps FWHM and to achieve ~1mm spatial resolution for the PET head, while integrating all the components in a very compact detector suitable for endoscopic use. This scanner aims to be exploited for diagnostic and surgical oncology, as well as being instrumental in the clinical test of new biomarkers especially targeted for prostate and pancreatic cancer. The current status of the project is presented in this paper.


We propose a new method for 'indirectly' treasuring 235 U NMR parameters in uranium intermetallic compounds which contain ligand nuclei observable by NMR. The spin-echo decay of 103 Rh NMR has been measured in both 235 U-enriched and non-enriched URh 3 . It was found that the 235 U enrichment in URh 3 induces an additional Lorentzian decay process for the 103 Rh nuclear spin-echo decay through unlike spin-spin coupling. This cross-relaxation effect allowed us to estimate the T 1 of 235 U to be T 1 T ∼ 2 s K in URh 3 . No such measurement has, to our knowledge, ever been reported for an actinide intermetallic compound.


The article raises the most relevant issues related to Abai studies. Abai's poems were analyzed in a textual context. An assessment of Abai's civil position is given, which is still interpreted negatively. The author identifies and analyzes the information contained in the research and memoirs concerning Abai's personal life, compares them with the archival heritage. Was conducted textual analysis of such poems as «Olen-sozdin patshasy, soz sarasy», «Bay seyildi, bir beyiledi», «Boyi bilgan, sozy zhylman», «Segizayak». Explanations «Мен де оны тырнағынан таныдым...» … Серия «Филология». № 1(101)/2021 15 were given about the words and phrases «kiya», «Ak shom», «Tabytyn», «kakkan», «saspak». The poems reflecting the poet's civic position were also analyzed. The text comments of the poet presented in the published collected works were taken into account. Conclusions about the scientific sequence of text analysis are presented.


OBJECTIVE
To explore the effect of hexavalent chromium on apoptosis of L-02 hepatocytes and the functions of mitochondria. METHODS L-02 hepatocytes in all tests were incubated with 0,2,4,8,16,32 [see text] 64 micromol/L of Cr(VI) for 6h. Apoptosis of L-02 hepatocytes in the presence of Cr(VI) was quantified by flow cytometry (FCM). The permeability transition pore (FTP) of mitochondria and mitochondrial membrane potential as indicators of mitochondrial damage were measured by fluorescent spectrometer.

RESULTS
Concentration-dependent decrease in cell apoptosis rate of Cr(VI)-treated L-02 hepatocytes were observed. The results of permeability transition pore (PTP) of mitochondria, mitochondrial membrane potential in all concentrations of Cr(VI) had significant difference when compared to the control cells (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION
The results demonstrated that L-02 hepatocytes apoptosis induced by Cr(VI) associated with mitochondrial damages.


Purpose To evaluate the imaging findings with clinical features and pathological basis of hepatic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (HIMT). Materials and Methods Twenty-one patients with pathology proven HIMT were reviewed retrospectively. Twenty-one patients underwent CT, and three underwent additional MRI. Results All tumors in 21 patients were in right hepatic lobe. The mean diameter was (4.1±1.2) cm. The lesions were low density on non contrast CT. MRI was manifested as hypointense lesions on unenhanced T1WI and isointensity or mild hyperintensity on unenhanced T2WI. Enhancement manifestations in dynamic contrast scan showed 8 cases of entire tumor enhancement, 6 ring-shaped enhancement; 4 septal enhancement; 3 no enhancement. Pathological examination showed different degrees of organized necrosis, fibrous tissue and inflammatory cells infiltration. Conclusion The CT and MR features of HIMT are characteristic, which correlate with its pathological findings.


Abstract This study determines the relationship between two types of travel distances on total evacuation times among secondary students at school building. Direct measurement was done on both flat and stair travel distances together with the actual evacuation time for every student. Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) was used to statistically analyse the relationship between those determinants and total evacuation time. A weak correlation exists between prediction and actual as R value equal to 0.258 while variation in both distances could explain 6.7% variation in total evacuation time. ANOVA test proved dissimilarity between flat and stair distances, and MLR results showed significant correlation for both distances. An increase of 1 m of flat and stair travel distance will increase the total evacuation time by 0.262 and 0.217 seconds respectively when other factors remain constant. There was a significant relationship between travel distances with total evacuation time taken among secondary students.


Tillage experiments were conducted on volcanic ash soil. Treatments were as follows : I. shallow tillage, 12 cm, standard treatment. II. deep tillage, 45 cm cultivated soil mixed with subsoil. III. deep tillage, 45 cm cultivated soil. The yield of upland rice plant and soil pysical properties and nitrate formation in soil were studied. The yield of upland rice plant was the highest at treatment III and the lowest at treatment I, but the increment of straw weight was larger than that of grain weight at deep tillage plots. Some effects of deep tillage on crop yield are attributed to the fact that deep tillage gives influence on soil porosity and nitrate content. Deep tillage have been shown to increase the aeration porosity and decrease water content in deeper layer and consequently have increased the entry of air into soil, accelerated nitrate formation and allowed for greater root development.


Electronic forms are designed for different purposes, which involve personal and organizational interest and privacy. We model the content and manipulation of form-makers and form-fillers into data, information, knowledge, wisdom, and purpose (DIKWP) to ensure the fairness and justice embedded in forms among stakeholders. Thereafter we use the difference among the DIKWP models to define and measure fairness and justice concerns. Through manipulation on the DIKWP models, we design fairness and justice detection, evaluation and adjustment strategies in terms of data, information and knowledge equivalence and completeness, and their essential equivalence and completeness crossing DIKWP statically and dynamically.


Objective To investigate nurses' social support and subjective well-being in cities of different sizes and their relationshipm. Methods The Social Support Rating Scale and the Campbell Subjective Well-being Scale were applied to evaluate the social support and the subjective well-being of 412 on-the-job nurses from three cities of Zhejiang province. Results The total scores of the social support and the subjective well-being of all nurses were 36.60 and 8.94 respectively.The total scores of them in the small city Shengzhou were the highest,while those in the extra large city Hangzhou were the lowest(P0.05).There was no significant difference in objective support between the extra large city Hangzhou and the large city Shaoxing.The differences of support utilization and subjective well-being among three cities were not statistically significant.The social support level was positively correlated with subjective well-being(P0.01). Conclusion This study suggested the social support of on-the-job nurses was not high and subjective well-being was relatively low;the size of the cities was negatively correlated with the social support while the social support was positively correlated with subjective well-being,and that the advantage of larger size city may counteract it's negative effect of lower level of the social support on subjective well-being.


Nanotechnology is a promising research fields that may significantly improve the mixture design, performance and production of cement based materials. The use of large quantities of cement produces increasing CO2 emissions, and as consequence the green house effect. A method to reduce the cement content in concrete mixes is the use of silica fines. One of the silica fines with high potential as cement replacement and as concrete additive is nano silica. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of adding nano silica particles, on the properties of fresh and hardened cement mortar through measurements of setting time, compressive strength, water absorption, porosity, in addition grain structures were examined through Scanning electron microscopy. Nano silica particles with size of 20nm have been used as a cement addition by 5, 7 and 10% by weight of cement content. The results of this experimental study reveal that the incorporation of nano silica enhances the early strength of cement mortar along with enhancement of strength at 28 days. Microstructure results indicate that nano scale silica behaves n ot only as a filler to improve microstructure, but also as an activator to promote pozzolanic reaction.


Grasshoppers of the species Hypochlora alba, a specialist on Artemisia ludoviciana, and Melanoplus sanguinipes, a generalist, were individually fed on excised leaves of A. ludoviciana with and without nonglandular trichomes, with a control of M. sanguinipes fed lettuce and wheat bran. Survivorship was highest for H. alba on pubescent leaves and M. sanguinipes on the control diet, and lowest for M. sanguinipes on pubescent leaves. The H. alba groups and M. sanguinipes fed pubescent leaves had the longest development times. Patterns of utilization varied between species and diet groups, but, in general, M. sanguinipes fed pubescent leaves did not differ significantly from the H. alba groups. Results suggest that nonglandular trichomes of A. ludoviciana have little effect on the specialist, H. alba. They do not deter feeding (under no-choice conditions) in the generalist, but they appear to make digestion so energy-expensive that the species cannot grow normally on this plant.


SUMMARY The first part of this article: "Symbols as message-bearers" discusses the nature and occurrence of symbols, symbol systems and classifications, and the way these manifest a society's specific world view. Symbolic systems are paradigms in which certain concrete cultural constructions (eg. houses, meals, clothes etc.) occur as syntagms. The analysis of symbolic mechanisms grants access to a culture's unique constitution of meaning. Verbal and non-verbal communication symbols are briefly discussed. The second part depicts the manifestation of symbols in certain cultural arrangements in which symbolization plays a great part, like myths, religion, art and rituals. The final part maintains the use of symbol analysis as utilization of the cultural totality for intercultural communication. By involving the symbol system as well as the unique communication patterns, successful communication transcending intercultural boundaries, becomes more likely.


Painted decoration art is a part of Anhui's traditional architectural decoration and an important channel for the artistic and cultural studies. Painted decorative patterns applied in the use of materials, process combination and construction methods through complex,meticulous,multi- level and organic connection means could meet the requirements of the appearance of the building and to ensure that its quality and construction is feasible.


The review is compiled on the basis of the results of the total ozone (TO) monitoring in the CIS and Baltic countries that functions in the operational regime at the Central Aerological Observatory (CAO). The monitoring system uses the data from the national network equipped with M-124 filter ozonometers under the methodological supervision of the Main Geophysical Observatory. The quality of the functioning of the entire system is under operational control based on the observations obtained from the OMI satellite equipment (NASA, the United States). The basic TO observational data are generalized for each month of the second quarter of 2014 and for the quarter as a whole. The results are also given of the regular observations of surface ozone content carried out in the Moscow region and characterizing ozone conditions in the surface layer in the center of the European part of Russia.


The Sydney Strategic Transport Model (STM) was designed by the Hague Consulting Group in 1997 and reflects the travel behavior of residents of Sydney, Australia. RAND Europe was tasked with modifying version 3 of the STM (STM3) to reflect a 2011 base year. Changes include updating car ownership, travel frequency, mode-destination, and toll choice models. This document compares the 2011-base model parameters to the 2006-base parameters used in the previous STM version.


Several quantitative estimates of surface instrumental temperature trends in the late 20th century are compared by using published results and our independent analyses. These estimates highlight a significant sensitivity to the method of analysis, the treatment of data, and the choice of data presentation (i.e., size of the smoothing filter window). Providing an accurate description of both quantitative uncertainties and sensitivity to the treatment of data is recommended as well as avoiding subjective data‐padding procedures.


The American College of Sports Medicine warns that "weight cutting" through a combination of food restriction, fluid deprivation and dehydration can be harmful. Restrictions of food and/or fluid can hinder normal growth and development in young athletes, impair performance, and endanger the wrestler's health. Coaches and trainers must consider the long-term needs of their student athletes. The pursuit of weight loss by wrestlers before and during the competitive season is a common but unhealthy practice. A combination of food and fluid restriction as well as induced sweating procedures frequently are used to lose weight. The publication, Sports Nutrition: A Guide for the Professional Working with Active People, indicates some of the harmful effects such practices have on the body:


Objective To construct mouse models with transplanted nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell(CNE-2)containing silent autophagy-related gene 5(ATG5),and to investigate the effect of autophagy on radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Methods A total of 24 nude mice were randomly divided into 3groups:control group,NC group and ATG5 group.There were 8 mice in each group.CNE-2 cells were transplanted in the control group.CNE-2cells transfected with empty vectors were transplanted in the NC group.CNE-2cells containing silent ATG5 gene were transplanted in the ATG5 group.Four mice of each group were exposed to 10 Gy X-ray.The tumor growth was observed in each group.The expression of LC3Ⅱ and ATG5 protein was measured by Western blot.Results The xenograft tumor model was established successfully.The expression of ATG5 and LC3-Ⅱ protein in the ATG5 group was significantly lower than that in the control group and NC group(all P0.05).After irradiation by 10 Gy X-ray,the expression of ATG5 and LC3-Ⅱ protein in the ATG5 group was also significantly lower than that in the other two groups(all P0.05).Conclusion ATG5 gene silencing can enhance the radiosensitivity of tumors in nude mice implanted with CNE-2cells.Autophagy may be negatively correlated to the radiosensitivity of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.


A one-dimensional quantum mechanical model possessing mass gap, a gapless excitation, and an approximate parity doubling of energy levels is constructed basing on heuristic QCD-inspired arguments. The model may serve for illustrative purposes in considering the related dynamical phenomena in particle and nuclear physics.


OBJECTIVE To understand the status of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and multi-drugresistant nosocomial infection,to take effective measures to control nosocomial infection,as well as to provide the scientific basis for clinical rational drug use.METHODS The sputum M.tuberculosis culture and drug susceptibility test results of 1460 cases of tuberculosis hospital patients admitted from Jan 2008 to Dec 2009 were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS M.tuberculosis multidrug-resistant strains accounted for 14.66%.Among the 1460 strains of tested M.tuberculosis,multi-drug resistant strains of tuberculosis accounted for 23.58%,single drug resistant strains accounted for 35.74%.CONCLUSION Tuberculosis hospitals at all levels should attach importance to the drug resistance of M.tuberculosis and prevention of the spread of multi-drug resistant strains and epidemics.


Solar eclipse timings measured between A.D. 1672 and 1806 are analyzed to study the variation of Delta T (= ET - UT) over this interval. These solar eclipse observations confirm the results of Brouwer (1952), Martin (1969), and Stephenson and Morrison (1969) which were obtained from the analysis of occultations in this period. It is believed that Goldstein's (1985) analysis inadequately represents the changes in Delta T.


Superconductor logic has the potential of extremely low-power consumption and ultra-fast digital signal processing. Unfortunately, the obtained yield of the present processes is low and specific faults occur. This paper deals with fault-modelling, Design-for-Test structures, and ATPG for these integrated circuits.


Big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) ecosystems typically experience stand replacing fi res during which some or all of the ignited biomass is consumed. Biomass consumption is directly related to the energy released during a fi re, and is an important factor that determines smoke production and the effects of fion other resources. Consumption of aboveground biomass (fuel) was evaluated for a series of operational prescribed fi res in big sagebrush throughout the interior West. Pre-burn fuel characteristics (composition, amount, and structure), fuel conditions (live and dead fuel moisture content), and environmental conditions (weather and topography) affected fi re behavior and subsequent fuel consumption. Total aboveground biomass consumption varied from 1.6 to 22.3 Mg ha -1 (18 to 99 %) among the 17 experimen- tal areas. Multiple linear regression and generalized linear modeling techniques were used to develop equations for predicting fuel consumption during these prescribed fi res. Pre-burn fuel loading, which is infl uenced by season of burn, site productivity, time-since-last-fi re, and grazing is the most important predictor of fuel consumption. Use of fiin big sagebrush is desirable for several reasons, including wildlife habitat improvement, livestock range improvement, fi re hazard abatement, and ecosystem restoration.


Value distribution and uniqueness problems of difference operator of an entire function have been investigated in this article. This research shows that a finite ordered entire function $ f $ when sharing a set $ \mathcal{S}=\{\alpha(z), \beta(z)\} $ of two entire functions $ \alpha $ and $ \beta $ with $ \max\{\rho(\alpha), \rho(\beta)\}<\rho(f) $ with its difference $ \mathcal{L}^n_c(f)=\sum_{j=0}^{n}a_jf(z+jc) $, then $ \mathcal{L}^n_c(f)\equiv f $, and more importantly certain form of the function $ f $ has been found. The results in this paper improve those given by \emph{k. Liu}, \emph{X. M. Li}, \emph{J. Qi, Y. Wang and Y. Gu} etc. Some constructive examples have been exhibited to show the condition $ \max\{\rho(\alpha), \rho(\beta)\}<\rho(f) $ is sharp in our main result. Examples have been also exhibited to show that if $ CM $ sharing is replaced by $ IM $ sharing, then conclusion of the main results ceases to hold.


This article presents the results of observation (maximum period 5 years) of 249 children with bone cysts and bone tumors, of these, 20,1% of children were diagnosed with aneurysmal cysts, 74,3% - of benign tumors and 5,6% - of malignant tumors. It was shown that a differentiated approach in the treatment of children with bone cysts and benign bone tumors, including conservative events and radical surgical tactics with the use of bioimpendance «Tutoplast R» and allografts, allows to obtain good and satisfactory results in 64,0% of the cases. However, the results of treatment of children with osteosarcoma at the present time remain unsatisfactory: the 5-year relapse-free survival was only 6 of 14 cases, recurrence of the disease in 5 cases, fatal in 8 cases. According to the authors, to im prove the results of treatment in this group of patients, it is necessary to improve cancer alertness of general practitioners and the use of combined modern treatment programs at specialized medical institutions in all these patients.


Lead (Pb) is one of the most common metal pollutants in soil, and phytoextraction is a sustainable and cost-effective way to remove it. The purpose of this work was to develop a phytoextraction strategy able to efficiently remove Pb from the soil of a decommissioned fuel depot located in Italy by the combined use of EDTA and endophytic bacteria isolated from indigenous plants. A total of 12 endophytic strains from three native species (Lotus cornicolatus, Sonchus tenerrimus, Bromus sterilis) were isolated and selected to prepare a microbial consortium used to inoculate microcosms of Brassica juncea and Helianthus annuus. As for B. juncea, experimental data showed that treatment with microbial inoculum alone was the most effective in improving Pb phytoextraction in shoots (up to 25 times more than the control). In H. annuus, on the other hand, the most effective treatment was the combined treatment (EDTA and inoculum) with up to three times more Pb uptake values. These results, also validated by the metagenomic analysis, confirm that plant-microbe interaction is a crucial key point in phytoremediation.


Theories are reviewed which predict particle deposition under turbulent flow conditions in vertical tubes. Theoretical predictions are compared with experimental deposition in 58-foot lengths of 11/4- and 3-inch-diameter tubing. Theories prove useful in predicting deposition; however, reentrainment must be considered as a separate factor when higher depositions are predicted. For 3- inch tubes, deposition at low reduced stopping distances is higher than predicted. A possible explanation is that for these conditions a transition exists to a deposition mechanism not described by the postulated theory. (auth)


Based on comparing the absorbance variation of A660/A530 before-and-after adding lead,a spectrophotomer was used for scanning the spectroscopy of the system of colloidal gold and DNA.The absorbance variation of A660/A530 with addition of lead was more than those of other ions.The color of the system changed from red to blue.A simple and rapid method for the detection of lead based on self-assembly of colloidal gold and DNA was established.The linear range of this method was 0.05~2.5 μg/mL with the correlation coefficient r of 0.999,and the detection limit was 0.02 μg/mL.


199 For several years, management seminars have focused on the day-to-day basics of managing a podiatric practice. Current management programs have placed more emphasis on financial management, especially in the areas of disease management, risk contracting, reengineering, and medical informatics. Allopathic medicine, recognizing the needs of new practitioners, has been moving to develop residents' clinical skills and knowledge as well as the business tools they need to be competitive in today's marketplace.1-5 Similarly, preparing podiatric residents to function in this changing health-care environment has become more important. Podiatric medicine is undergoing the same major changes in patient volume and reimbursement as other specialties. Educational strategies and programs that specifically address managed care will improve the ability of residents to adapt to current situations. This ability will be particularly crucial for those who decide to practice in a community in which managed care has a significant presence. Medical residents and new practitioners have voiced their concerns about the current medical curriculum.6-8 Although medical education is often strong in presenting scientific analysis and integrating a vast amount of information, managed care is changing at a rate that makes it difficult for experts to comprehend. In some situations, residents are learning the material at the same time as their attending staff.2 Studies have further stimulated discussions to develop appropriate goals and objectives for residents in training programs so that they can acquire the skills needed to comprehend the managed-care world and function successfully within it.3, 6, 7, 9 This was the primary reason the Council on Graduate Medical Education (COGME) had commissioned a project to evaluate this area, which was summarized in a September 1997 report, Preparing Learners for Practice in a Managed Care Environment.10 This article presents an overview of the managedcare curriculum in one podiatric and two primary-care residencies and proposes a curriculum component that could be implemented in a podiatric postgraduate This article describes a curriculum that could be included in podiatric residencies to help residents function successfully in a managed-care environment. Various groups have identified and implemented the competencies necessary to function within such an environment. Podiatric residents, who are well trained in the clinical management of podiatric problems, can succeed in a managed-care environment if residency programs include training objectives and methods to address these competencies. This article describes the managed-care components of two primary-care residency programs and a podiatric program and proposes a managed-care curriculum for podiatric residencies. The author's goal is to educate residency directors and faculty members on possible objectives and methods that can enhance the podiatric resident's educational experience and knowledge of managed care. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 89(4): 199-211, 1999)


A simplistic triggering mechanism, pore pressure increase from injection, has been the focus of injection‐induced seismicity studies for decades. Research into other possible mechanisms, like poroelastic stress changes, is ongoing, but there has been relatively little focus on earthquake interaction. While studies have looked at how moderate‐magnitude events (M ≥ 3.0) may trigger larger magnitude‐induced seismicity, research into the cumulative effect of the hundreds to thousands of small‐magnitude (M ≤ 3.0) events is lacking. Here we use generic models to compare the possible stress changes from pore pressure increase and from earthquake interactions of small‐magnitude events. We find that the area of increased pore pressure is much larger than that of positive Coulomb static stress transfer; however, maximum Coulomb static stress change is larger than maximum pore pressure increase. We argue that, yes, small earthquakes do matter, and their interaction may be an important triggering mechanism to consider.


The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the physical work environment and non-physical work environment on job satisfaction either simultaneously or partially. The approach used in this study is quantitative with a saturated sampling technique of about 30 respondents from office employees at PT. Dhamar Tunggul Wulung Kediri City, and data collection using questionnaires with Likert scale measurements. Multiple regression analysis using SPSS software version 25 for windows was used to test the hypothesis of the study. The results of this study indicate that the physical work environment and non-physical work environment simultaneously or jointly have a significant effect on employee job satisfaction, the physical work environment has a positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction, while the non-physical work environment has no significant effect on employee job satisfaction. . The value of the coefficient of determination in this study is 72.7%, this means that this research model can explain 72.7% of employee job satisfaction, while the remaining 27.3% is explained by other variables not explained in this study.
Keywords: Physical Working Environment, Non-Pyhsical Working Environment, and Employee Satisfaction


We study the structure of the Ruderman Kittel Kasuya Yosida interactions for selected quasiperiodic tilings. The interaction energies between the magnetic impurities in these systems are computed by a continued fraction expansion for the Green function of the conduction electrons. Based on these results we study the alignment of the magnetic moments in the Ammann Beenker tiling by Monte Carlo simulations. In particular, we are interested in the structure of the magnetic ground state and the low-temperature behaviour for the Ising model.


Some 2-aminothiophene analogs 1–6 were synthesized and characterized. Among the tested compounds, compound 1 (IC50 121.47 μM) exhibited highest while the compound 5 showed least anti-inflammatory potential (IC50 422 μM).


Model combinatorial films (CFs) which host a pure superconductor adjacent to a ferromagnetic-superconducting hybrid film (HF) are manufactured for the study of the influence of ferromagnetic nanoparticles (FNs) on the nucleation of superconductivity. Careful resistance measurements were performed simultaneously on two different sites of the CFs. Enhancement of superconductivity and magnetic memory effects were observed only on the hybrid site of the CFs but were absent on their purely superconducting part. Our results give direct proof that the FNs modulate the superconducting order parameter in an efficient and controlled way giving us the possibility of miscellaneous practical applications.


This paper is a response to a recent Home Office proposal that an FBI type organization be introduced into the English police system. The paper offers a theoretical perspective as to why this idea was presented, and it is largely based on state‐centered theory. Concern over the prospects of a rise in crime is the specific catalyst that placed this on the Home Office agenda. Select aspects of organizational theory are considered in order to assess the present organizational model of English policing and to analyze the possible impact that an FBI type organization would have on the current administrative format. Finally, an alternative scheme for organizational change, which is based on regionalization, is presented in contrast to that proposed by the Home Office.