Measurement invariance (MI) has been developed in a very technical language and manner that is generally not widely accessible to social and behavioral researchers and applied measurement specialists. Primarily relying on the widely known concepts in regression and linear statistical modeling, this paper decoded the concept of MI in the context of factor analysis. The paper began by describing what is MI (and lack of MI) and how the concept can be realized in the context of factor analysis. Next, we explained the need for modeling the mean and covariance structure (MACS), instead of the traditionally applied covariance structure, in detecting factorial invariance. Along the way, we addressed the related matter of statistically testing for MI using the Chi-squared likelihood ratio test and fit indices in multi-group MACS confirmatory factor analysis. Bringing to bear current developments by Cheung and Rensvold (2002) and others, we provided an update on the practice of using change in fit statistics to test for MI. Throughout the paper we concretized our discussion, without lack of generality to other constructs and research settings, with an example of 21 crosscountry MI comparisons of the 1999 TIMSS mathematics scores.


Aim at currently the integrated system application in related realm that flow and work according to the component,need to be a kind of to go it valid of the safety interview mechanism to the control data interview safety.Flow structure according to the component and work of the role,be is divided into the basic role set and the function role set to the role,according to these two kinds of characteristics of roles,dynamic state of assign them to the work to flow with go to the control data to visit a safety in the component.


Given n points in d -dimensional space and a parameter z , we study the problem of finding the smallest axis-aligned bounding box that covers at least n − z points and labels the remaining points as outliers. We consider two measures for the size of bounding box: length of the largest side and sum of lengths of the sides. We give two algorithms for the former case: one that uses at most 2 z outliers but gives a bounding box which is at most as large as the optimal bounding box and another algorithm that uses at most z outliers but gives a box than can be twice as large as the optimal box. We also prove a matching lower bound for the approximation factor of these algorithms. For the sum of the sides objective, we give a bi-criteria approximation algorithm that finds a box which is at most O (log d ) larger than the optimal box by removing O ( z ) points.


Up to 90 {mu}g m{sup -3} of solid, water-insoluble, inorganic oxides such as SiO{sub 2}, Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} and CaCO{sub 3} are reported to be found in the earth`s troposphere. (1) Large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in the troposphere reside sorbed to particulate surfaces at ambient temperatures and above. (2) Photochemical transformation of PAH at the solid/air interface plays a role in controlling the fates of these anthropogneic pollutants. Laboratory studies of the photochemistry of small PAH sorbed onto SiO{sub 2} and Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} surfaces have been conducted. The use of small PAH facilitates the quantitative photoproduct identification necessary for mechanistic interpretation. The SiO{sub 2}/air interfacial photochemistry of 8 of EPA`s 13 priority pollutant PAH have been investigated, or are currently under investigation in our laboratory. Additional substituted naphthalenes and other small aromatic hydrocarbons that are not on the EPA list of priority pollutants have also been investigated. These studies involve performing product analysis and in situ spectroscopic studies along with conventional sensitization, quenching and reactive intermediate trapping experiments at the solid/air interface. Application of these methodologies has revealed two distinct photo-oxidative pathways which participate in the photolysis. One pathway is mediated by singlet molecular oxygen addition to the more » sorbed PAR The other oxidative pathway involves an electron transfer from the photo-excited PAH to surface active sites or atmospheric oxygen. The photochemical destruction of 1-methoxynaphthalene and phenanthrene represent examples of both oxidative pathways observed at silica/air interfaces. « less


Density functional study have been carried out to investigate the stereoselectivities in the Mannich-type reactions promoted by five typical amino acid catalysts with different scaffolds. The reverse diastereoselectivities in the cyclic and acyclic α- and β-amino acids-promoted Mannich reactions have been satisfactorily explained by the density functional theory (DFT) methods at the SMD/M06-2X/6-31G** computational level. The activation strain analysis has been used to account for the selectivity-switching for these selected bifunctional catalysts. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


An investigation of how road roughness affects the tire-pavement interface for an articulated vehicle has been completed. A modified version of the three dimensional vehicle simulation, TDVS3, was used to simulate braking and cornering maneuvers for an articulated vehicle on different road surfaces of varying severity. The results of this investigation show that the effects of road roughness are greatest when the vehicle is performing maneuvers near its performance limit. For example, introducing road roughness to a severe cornering maneuver for which the vehicle had been stable, resulted in large enough increases in the vehicle's roll angle and lateral acceleration to cause the vehicle to become roll unstable. Likewise for a severe braking maneuver, introducing road roughness caused a twenty percent (20%) increase in the vehicle's stopping distance. These extreme effects were not manifested for less severe cornering or braking maneuvers that would typically be encountered in nominal driving situations. (FHWA)


The scholars in the Qing Dynasty appealed the views about the "decaying of Qing ci poetry",whose substance was the awareness of unexpected development during the rise and decline of Qing ci in the process of rethinking why ci poetry decayed in the Yuan Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty,and a strategy of ci poetry which was aimed at the problems in the rehabilitation process of Qing ci poetry.The views impelled the scholars of the Qing Dynasty constantly to adjust the ideas about ci poetry,the methods about learning to write ci poetry,and the purport about choosing ci poetry,which could make the development of Qing ci poetry to keep transforming constantly and resonantly.The views about the decline of Qing ci poetry in the Qing Dynasty made Qing ci poetry to achieve its prosperity.


An analytical method is proposed for the determination of tellurium in urine by extraction- hydride generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometry with intermittent flow system. The effects of instrumental parameters and agents on the atomic fluorescence signal of tellurium have been studied and optimum conditions were recommended. The extraction behavior of tellurium in aqueous diethyldithiocarbamate(DDTC)- CCl4 system and reduction of tellurium(Ⅵ) were examined. Coexistent ions interference in the determination of tellurium and its elimination were discussed. The detection limit(3σ) of the method is 0.21 μg/L, the relative standard deviation is 1.24%, and the recovery is in the range of 92%~99%.


We have studied the decay dynamics of visible photoluminescence (PL) from nanometer-sized Si crystallites fabricated by electrochemical etching of single-crystalline Si and laser breakdown of SiH 4 gas. In the two types of Si crystallites, the slow-decay behavior of red PL in the time range 10 -6 -10 -2 s is characterized by a stretched exponential function and the PL decay time scarcely depends on the size and the surface structure. The temperature dependence of the PL decay rate is identical with that of variable-range hopping of carriers in two-dimensional systems. It is concluded that the slow-decay PL is caused by the hopping-limited recombination in a quasi-two-dimensional interface region between the crystalline Si core and the surface layer


In order to improve teaching quality of medical organic chemistry,problem-based learning was introduced.The characteristic,implementary process and outlines of problem-based learning were discussed in combination with the characteristic of organic chemistry in medical university.


Beta rays emanating from radium, radon, and radium D and E have been used for therapeutic purposes about the eye for many years. Recently the use of the strontium-90 beta-ray applicator was described in the treatment of superficial tumors of the eyelids and conjunctiva, vernal conjunctivitis, vascularization of the cornea, and corneal ulcers (1). Since beta rays penetrate only a few millimeters of tissue, many hemangiomas of the "strawberry mark" variety, being quite superficial, seemed to be suitable for treatment with this form of radiation. Strontium 90 is especially useful, since it fulfills all the criteria of ideal beta-ray therapy, that is, a long half-life (twenty years, so that frequent replenishment is unnecessary), energetic beta particles which permit sufficient penetration of tissue, absence of gamma rays, affording ease of protection, and ease of manipulation. Since 1952 we have treated several superficial hemangiomas quite successfully with the strontium-90 applicator. Because the applicato...


I. MODELS. 1. Systems and Models. 2. Examples of Models. 3. Models for Systems and Signals. II. PHYSICAL MODELLING. 4. Basic Principles for Physical Modelling. 5. Some Basic Physical Analogies. 6. Bond-graphs. 7. Computer Support for Physical Modelling. III. SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION. 8. Estimation of Transient Response, Spectra and Frequency Functions. 9. Parameter Estimation of Dynamical Models. 10. System Identification as Tool for Modeling. IV. SIMULATION AND MODEL APPLICATIONS. 11. Simulation. 12. Simulators. 13. Model Validation and Model Use. Appendix A: Linear Systems - Description and Properties. Appendix B: Linearization. Appendix C: Signal Spectra.


Computer systems are now so deeply ingrained in society that they form a major social infrastructure. Consequently, computer system problems can have a serious effect on society. At Fujitsu, the urgent tasks of reducing the delay in service release time caused by quality problems and curtailing projects that adversely affect profit must be addressed. Therefore, Fujitsu has devised a mechanism of third-party quality assurance that determines whether sufficient quality is achieved from the early stage of design. This paper describes two mechanisms of third-party assurance based on application auditing: Project Quality Design (PQD) and Application Quality Inspection (APQI).


Half-plate. Showing three workers tapping rubber while a fourth man supervises. The photograph is annotated: '[System] invented by Mr C. Bolden Kloss, and considered to get best flow of latex'.


Stimulation of the mammary gland during hand or mechanical milking or during nursing is followed by an abrupt surge of prolactin in lactating ewe. This rapid increase of prolactinaemia is due to a secretion reflex originating in the teat nerve endings since dernervation of the mammary gland suppresses the surge induced by milking or nursing. Although intravenous injection of TRH can mimic the prolactin surge observed during milking, the possible role of this hypothalamic factor in prolactin secretion during mammary stimulation is not demonstrated.


Objective To investigate clinical signifieances of serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and to analyze the relationships with international prognostic index (IPI). Methods Serum levels of VEGF were measured by ELISA in 26 cases with newly diagnosed DLBCL and 9 cases with relapsed DLBCL. The clinical data of 26 patients were collected. According to the IPI, 26 patients were divided into two group: low risk group (IPI<2) and moderate to high risk group (IPI≥2). Results Compared with the normal controls, newly diagnosed and relapsed DLBCL had significantly higher VEGF serum levels (P <0.01). In the patients responding to CHOP or RCHOP regimen a significantly decrease in VEGF serum levels occurred, while in the patients who did not achieve complete remission(CR) there was no significant decrease. Furthermore, pretreatment serum levels of VEGF were significantly lower in CR group than in partial remission (PR) and no remission (NR) group. In addition, serum levels of VEGF were significantly elevated in the high risk group than those at the low risk group(P<0.01). Conclusion The serum levels of angiogenic factor VEGF are related to the development and progression of DLBCL. The VEGF combined with IPI can be used for evaluating the prognosis of DLBCL.

Key words:
Lymphoma, large-cell, diffuse;  VEGF;  International prognostic index


Objective. To estimate the prevalence of spondyloarthropathies (SpA) in an adult population in Marche, a region located in central Italy. Methods. A cross‐sectional population‐based study was conducted on a target adult population of 20 882. Questionnaires were sent to a random sample of 3664 individuals aged 18 years and over, selected from the lists of 16 general practices. Trained rheumatologists carried out structured visits in which respondent subjects were asked about symptoms of back pain, peripheral arthritis, joint swelling, psoriasis, and the occurrence of diarrhoea and dysuria. A family history of rheumatic disease, psoriasis, or uveitis was assessed. Cases were further classified as ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), reactive arthritis (ReA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)‐associated arthritis, and undifferentiated SpA by the European Spondyloarthropathy Study Group (ESSG) criteria. Results. A total of 2155 subjects participated to the study (response rate 58.8%). Twenty‐three cases of SpA (18 men, five women, mean age 48.3 ± 12.1 years) were confirmed, with an overall prevalence of 1.06% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78–1.38]. The most common SpA was PsA, with a prevalence of 0.42% (95% CI 0.31–0.61), followed by AS with 0.37% (95% CI 0.23–0.49). Two cases with undifferentiated SpA, two with ReA, and two with IBD‐associated arthritis were also observed (0.09%, 95% CI 0.04–0.16). Conclusions. This is the first population‐based study that provides an estimate of the prevalence of SpA in Italy. PsA and AS were the most common SpA subsets. Further epidemiological studies are needed to obtain reliable prevalence rates and to better understand our findings.


Abstract Wetland soils (hydric soils) are unique in their chemical characteristics compared to upland soils. It is known that they are capable of removing a variety of wastes from polluted water entering the wetland including metals and potentially toxic heavy metals. When these metals are determined in wetland soils, it is necessary to use the proper chemical extractant(s). Four commonly used chemical extractants (Mehlich 1, Mehlich 3, 0.1M HCl, and DTPA) for soil fertility evaluation were selected to measure metal concentrations of three different wetland soils/spoils. Soil samples were collected from the constructed wetland cells which were lined with Abernathy silt loam topsoil and two different mine spoil materials [collected from active coal strip‐mined sites in Alabama (pH 5.9) and Tennessee (pH 3.2)]. Mehlich 3 extracted the most zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), sodiumm (Na), and aluminum (Al), while 0.1M HC1 extracted more cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu...


This paper presents the thermal dynamic model of wire-wound resistors. In order to
identify the thermal model an active bridge circuit is discussed. The power step response
of the wire-wound resistors can be measured with the resolution of 1 ppm using the
detailed circuit. Experimental results are also presented.


For examining and appraising the operational skills of a large number of the intermediate-level and advanced-level radio-debugging technicians, this paper puts forward an examination pattern that will change the traditional worker-entity pattern of examination to a combination of an examination board and a welding board with a view to overcoming the damage that may be caused by the examinees during the testing of the intricate electronic products and solving the problem that the examination items might be known due to the change of the appearance of the weld. Hereby, the items to be examined and appraised include the locating of the problem, the frequently debugged items, and the welding skills.


Graphene, with its unique electrical, optical, mechanical, and chemical properties, attracts enormous research interests from various fields since it was first exfoliated from bulk graphite in 2004. It is believed that the potential of graphene in photonic and optoelectronics is significant, as it exhibits both extraordinary electronic and optical properties. Especially, graphene is considered as a promising material for photodetectors, since its optical absorption covers all visible range as well as the near infrared range, which enables a broadband operation of the photodetectors. Despite all the superior properties of graphene based photodetectors, there are two major drawbacks, such as a low photoresponsivity and low on-off ratio. We propose a novel structure which can solve one of the major drawbacks of graphene photodetectors by combining graphene nanomeshes and Au nanodisks. The devices are fabricated by filling the vacant holes of the graphene nanomesh with Au nanodisks. When LSPR is excited in metal nanodisks, the largest electric field will be present among neighboring nanodisks which subsequently gives rise to the largest enhancement of light absorption. We also report the tunability of the wavelength of localized surface plasmon resonance by varying the distance between graphene and Au nanoparticles. It is estimated that every nanometer of change in the distance between graphene and the nanoparticles corresponds to a resonance wavelength shift of ~ 12 nm. The nanoparticle-graphene separation changes the coupling strength of the electromagnetic field of the excited plasmons in the nanoparticles and the antiparallel image dipoles in graphene. Graphene is considered to be a promising candidate to replace indium tin oxide (ITO) as transparent conductive electrodes in optoelectronics applications. We also use graphene films as transparent electrodes for THz applications such as phase shifters and intensity modulators, leading to a low voltage operation and very small insertion loss.


We apply the classical Nelder-Mead optimization algorithm to a low fidelity EM model, using different mesh and bounding-box configurations. We demonstrate that the interaction of the coarse mesh with the bounding box size can determine whether the optimization is successful or not.


A technique is presented to measure the flexural modulus of free‐standing thin metallic films from 1 to 25 μm thick. Lamb waves are excited in the film with a pulsed Nd:YAG laser, and detected using heterodyne interferometry. Variability in wave‐form structure is observed as a function of experimental parameters and film thickness. The first arrival of the symmetric Lamb mode can be unambiguously identified regardless of wave‐form shape, and is used to calculate the flexural modulus.


Because of its importance in the human diet, potato growth and development have received considerable scientific attention, especially the regulation of tuber development. The trend of potato production has been toward greater acreage in warm climates using cultivars that were developed for production in cool climates. However, low land tropical regions are characterized by high temperatures that limit successful potato cultivation. High temperatures in potato promote haulm growth and suppress tuber production, whereas disbudding and paclobutrazol have the opposite effect, promoting tuber production and reducing the growth of the haulms by inhibiting GA biosynthesis which was increased by high temperature. In addition, the germplasm base for potato is large and assessments of germplasm performance under challenging conditions have revealed new possibilities.


The novel theory of Artificial Psychology is presented originally which is based on artficial intelligence and deeply analyses human psychology in more comprehensives in the aspects of information scientific research methods, especially in the aspects of emotion, willingness, character, creativity and the realization of artificial machines. The definition, purpose, rule, research, content, application domain, and algorithms is tentaively presented, in orde to establish the architecture of artificial psychology and promote the research of artificial intelligence to deeper and higher developmen.


Abstract This study assessed the effects of vitamin E (600 mg/day) and/or vitamin C (one gram/day) supplementation for 4 weeks in adult human male volunteers on the in vitro erythrocyte toxicity of a proposed toxic ozone (O3) intermediate [i.e. methyl oleate hydroperoxide (MOHP)]. The results indicated that neither antioxidant vitamin provided significant (p > 0.05) protection against MOHP‐induced changes in methemoglobin (METHB) and reduced glutathione (GSH) over a wide range of MOHP concentrations.


Medicine Aster tataricus is the dried root or rhizome of Asteraceae herb Aster,which is spicy,bitter,warm,and belongs to lung meridian,with the function of moistening lung for arresting cough,resolving phlegm and relieving asthma.Aster tataricus is commonly used in clinical as antitussive and expectorant agent.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that Aster tataricus are rich of chemical composition,including terpenes,peptides,flavonoids,organic acids,etc.;and its pharmacological effect is also very extensive,like the antibacterial action,antitumor,antitussive and expectorant action,antiviral effect,antioxidant activity and so on.The recent research on Astertataricus mainly focused on arresting cough,resolving phlegm and anti-tumor,but there need further study on other areas of Aster.We summarized the research progress on chemical composition and drug actions of Aster tataricus.Hopefully,the article could provide some reference for exploitation and further studies on Aster tataricus.


Current force control capabilities are limited by actuator performance. Brush friction and actuator saturation lead to limit cycles and instability in many force control systems. The authors propose that actuators with the proper passive characteristics provide the best potential for fast, accurate force control. The authors report on a new actuator concept which combines two actuators to create a micro-macro actuator which has improved force resolution and bandwidth. Unlike previous micro-macro robots which used actuators coupled in series, the actuators in this system are coupled in parallel using a compliant transmission. Three specifications for force control performance are defined and a model is presented. A control law for the combined actuator is presented and a general analysis of the design is formulated. Finally, measurements of performance in a prototype device are presented. This system has achieved force resolution of 0.25% and force control bandwidth of 60 Hz.


To the Editor: Lymphedema of the arm has long been recognized as a complication of breast cancer treatment, particularly following treatment of the axilla and affects up to a quarter of patients. It may take months or years to manifest although 75% of cases occur in the first year after surgery (1). Commonly reported symptoms of lymphedema include, heaviness, reduced mobility, impaired performance of activities of daily living, pain, recurrent infection (1). A risk of sarcoma development exists at a rate of one in 1000 (2). Multiple risk factors have been discussed within the literature including co-existing medical conditions, older age, obesity, postoperative infection and the level of hand use (3). Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) carries the potential advantage of reduced arm and shoulder morbidity as compared to the more invasive technique of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) and has been shown to give rise to less patient reported symptoms by node negative patients (4). Madsen et al. subjectively compared patients' symptoms using an arm score questionnaire detailing symptoms such as pain, swelling, and restriction of movement. They also objectively measured differences in shoulder movements and limb volume between four groups; node negative patients having undergone SLNB or primary ALND, and node positive patients having undergone primary ALND or initial SLNB followed by secondary ALND. In addition to a 2–3 fold higher risk of developing subjective arm symptoms in the axillary dissection patients, node negative patients demonstrated poorer shoulder flexion and extension after ALND at 6 months, with a significant difference maintained in shoulder extension at 18 months. At 18 months, node negative SLNB patients also showed a significant difference in arm volume compared to those having had ALND (38 mL) (4). SLNB does not eliminate the risk of upper limb morbidity completely but even in the long term SLNB is associated with significantly improved upper limb symptoms and objective neurosensory function when compared to ALND (5). Specific orthopedic consequences of severe lymphedema are not commonly described. A recent case in our institute illustrates the morbidity related to severe lymphedema and reinforces the argument for SLNB in reducing the incidence of lymphedema, particularly in node negative disease. A 66-year-old woman presented with a 5 cm tumor and underwent left mastectomy and level 2 axillary lymph node dissection. Histology revealed a grade 3, node negative tumor (T3 G3 N0), proving to be estrogen receptor positive. She underwent adjuvant chemotherapy (CMF regime) and chest wall radiotherapy, followed by 5 years of Tamoxifen. Three years postoperatively she complained of lymphedema around her mastectomy scar and a further 3 years later left arm lymphedema. An ultrasound was carried out to exclude lymph node recurrence and she was referred on to a lymphedema specialist nurse for skin care and exercises. By April 2006 (7 years post operatively) her limb volume had increased by 60% and she was complaining of deteriorating fine finger function and grip. Over the next 12 months her symptoms deteriorated further resulting in reduced left shoulder function and an inability to use her left arm. Plain X-ray showed subluxation at the humero-glenoid joint and Orthopedic consultation concluded a chronic subluxation of the left glenohumeral joint, with nerve conduction studies demonstrating left brachial plexopathy predominantly of the upper trunk. Lymphedema is a severe and debilitating condition. This case illustrates the progression of symptoms over time and highlights the morbidity associated with formal axillary node dissection, particularly for node negative disease. Orthopedic consequences of severe lymphedema are not reported in the literature but must be considered inevitable with disease progression. Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Katherine Mockford, 22 Mill Pond Grove, Leeds LS6 4RD, United Kingdom, or e-mail: email@example.com.


Discussion Nevus spilus (speckled lentiginous nevus) is a relatively common melanocytic lesion (about 2% of dermatologic patients) composed of numerous, tiny, pigmented spots or papules on a tannish macular background. It may be congenital or may present during childhood; at birth or in early childhood, the lesion consists of a flat tan macule, but, at puberty, slightly elevated papules develop inside the macule. The dimension of nevus spilus is variable, ranging from 2 cm to more than 10 cm. Histologically, the tannish macule mostly shows only a mild melanocytic hyperplasia, whereas the small flat spots have features of simple lentigo; the pigmented papules are junctional or compound nevi, but also Spitz nevi or blue nevi can be observed. Very few cases have been described of melanoma arising on nevus spilus. This case is an additional report of melanoma arising on nevus spilus, with the additional peculiarity of multifocality. Possible occurrence of melanoma on nevus spilus justifies a long-term follow-up of all patients (with the help of photography or videomicroscopy), as well as an early excision of the lesion if atypical areas are noted.


Abstract:The failure data of electrical discharge machine(EDM)obey weibull distribution.With the mean time between failures(MTBF) as test index , the produce-side risks, user-side risks, identification ratio, MTBF expectation value and shape parameter as known parameter,we design EDM reliability qualification test. For the test requirements that just need to determine the machine reliability and minimize test time and cost,we choose sequential test method. For the shortcoming that sequential test can't end of self when the reliability of the machine tool is at a moderate level,we have to improve and perfect it and we propose the truncated sequential test method. Based on EDM , we compute the receive and reject conditions, censoring time, number of failures of the specific scheme.


Contour hedgerow system of nitrogen fixing plants has been under test and modification since 1991 in Ningnan County of southwestern Sichuan to explore its appropriateness in the subtropical areas and its effect on erosion control and soil amelioration. The preliminary results showed that contour hedgerows of Leucaena leucocephala and Tephrosia candida were effective on soil fertility improvement of degraded sloping farm lands and preventing farmlands from further degradation. Compared to the control, in the treatments with hedgerows of nitrogen fixing plants the topsoil organic matter content was increased by 20%~40%, total nitrogen by 80%~130% within 3~6 a, and exchangeable potassium and cation exchange capacity were improved. Crop yield was also increased due to fertility improvement. The nitrogen fixing hedgerows are the on site long term nutrient resources for providing green manure and mulch materials to the degraded farmland soils. The results indicate that contour hedgerow system is a practical and profitable bio technique for the management of the sloping agricultural lands.


Hatia is a coastal area of Bangladesh and exposed to multiple natural disaster. To identify the de- terminants of Disaster Loss Recovery Plan (DLRP) for the small scale business, a questionnaire survey was con- ducted. Data were explored by utilizing 53 random samples from the study area and analyzed by using computer based software SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science). This paper determines the factors those are related to DLRP. Findings show that age of business, disaster experience, Single or branch and Grocery/Hotel/Medicine/ Mobile call center/Rickshaw repairing are all related to DLRP in the study area. Own or lease and Wholesale/retail are not significantly related with DLRP.


Aim:  Poor neonatal outcome of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) <24 weeks' gestational age (GA) is probably a result of abnormalities in both airway and vascular developments, ventilation perfusion mismatch, and possibly persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). Perinatal mortality of 50–90% has been reported in the past, with recent literature reporting significant improvement in neonatal survival. We report our 8‐year experience in this group of infants using early diagnostic functional echocardiography (fECHO), high‐frequency ventilation (HFV) and inhaled nitric oxide (iNO).


Abstract 1H NMR signals of H-6proR and H-6proS protons of D-glucoses and their per-O-acylated (acetyl and benzoyl) derivatives were unambiguously assigned by chiral deuteration at the C-6 position. The JH5,H-6proR and JH5,H-6proR values thus obtained enabled us to calculate the rotameric distributions of gg, gt and tg conformers. For the calculations, conventional equations (A and B) and novel equations accounting for possible departure of the three conformers from perfect staggering, were employed. The results showed that D-glucoses irrespective of solvents and protecting groups were predominant in two conformers gg and gt in an approximate ratio of 60 and 40, respectively, with a negligibly low population of the tg conformer. These results were in complete accordance with the statistical study of X-ray data of D-glucoses.


The book has been specially written for the candidates preparing for the UGC- NET \ JRF \ SET Examinations. It covers the latest revised and updated syllabus prescribed by the UGC for Paper - I for the above noted examinations. The book covers the all types of objective type questions such as: Multiple Choice Questions, Matching Types, Assertion and Reasoning, Statement Type Questions etc. It is hoped that the book would prove of immense value to those for whom it has specially been designed as well as to the general reader. The author will feel amply rewarded if the book satisfies the readers and will be grateful to them if they provide the feed back to improve the book further.


This paper is a continuation of studies on the hairiness of polyester-viscose blended ring spun yarns. The aim of this study is to predict the hairiness of polyester-viscose blended yarns using a fuzzy logic system. For this purpose, based on the ANOVA statistical test, some parameters that have more influence on yarn hairiness were selected: spindle speed, traveller count, and yarn count, which are taken into account as the inputs, and yarn hairiness is counted as the output in the fuzzy set. The hairiness of ring spun polyester-viscose blended yarns was successfully modelled using fuzzy logic. The results showed that the correlation coefficient between the predicted and experimental values of hairiness is acceptable (R2 = 0.931).


Geochemical analysis was carried out on the sandstone facies of the Ogwashi-Asaba Formation in the Anambra Basin, to infer their classification, maturity, paleoclimate, provenance, tectonic setting and source-area weathering. The sandstones are continental sands that can be classified as non-calcareous lithic arenites that contains both sodic and ferromagnesian potassic sandstones. They are chemically immature and formed under semi-humid/humid conditions. The sandstones are mineralogically less stable and more prone to reactivity during supercritical CO2 exposure. The weathering indices: CIA, CIW, PIA and MIA values and the A–CN–K diagram indicates moderate weathering of the source material, it also shows that the sediments may have come from more than one source. QFL provenance diagram plotted mainly in the recycled orogen field, these recycled sands may be sourced from associated platform or passive margin basins. Provenance discrimination diagram shows that The Ogwashi-Asaba sandstones plotted in the mafic igneous provenance field suggesting a mafic Precambrian Basement Complex source plus inputs from recycled older sediments from the Anambra basin and Mid Niger basin. Tectonic discrimination diagrams reveals that the Ogwashi-Asaba Formation is of the passive margin setting. For the sandstone facies of the Ogwashi-Asaba Formation, all the major elements were depleted except Fe. The depletion of the mobile elements may be due to leaching during the formation of clay minerals during chemical weathering. The immobile Fe element was highly enriched, suggesting that it may be from a source rich in Fe minerals or the ferruginisation of the sediment, while the depletion of the immobile Si may be due to fractionation.


This study deals with an attempt to test the impact of gestalt group therapy on aspects of self-concept. The experiment was applied to one gestalt group and two control groups: group dynamic T-group and frontal lectures dealing with various psychological treatment techniques. The experiment lasted three months-during which time 12 sessions were held in each group. Each participant was examined through a selfconcept test, one prior to the experiment and another at its conclusion. The results show a significant rise in several parameters in the gestalt group as compared to the control groups: decisive-


A packaging system is described which provides for the compatible use of integrated circuits, thin film circuits and conventional components in the synthesis of spaeeborne digital command and data handling equipments. Each of the three categories of components are used in a family of 20 module types which can be used to build decoders, programmers, data multiplexers, analog-to-digital converters, data compressors and other specialized digital equipments. Considerations for interconneetion in hybrid systems, both at the module and subsystem level are discussed.


The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Management of Acute Pulmonary Embolism of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Endorsed by the European Respiratory Society (ERS.


With the development of society,how to use energy reasonably and effectively becomes more and more important in contemporary society,in which electrical energy-saving becomes a topic of focus.Therefore,the reasonable and effective use of power resources is particularly important.In the paper,start working on the electrical characteristics of energy-saving technology,the application of energy-saving technology engineering design is expounded.


ABSTRACT In this study, E-glass fibre-reinforced polypropylene and epoxy matrix composites were produced in different thicknesses and subjected to low-velocity impact tests with 30 joules of energy. The tests yielded force, displacement and energy data, which were used to analyse the effects of thickness variation on impact performance in composite plates with different matrix structures. The results showed that thickness variation creates different impact responses in composites with different matrix materials.


We present a conservative finite volume scheme for computing conduction heat transfer in materials with anisotropic conductivity. Unstructured solution-adaptive meshes composed of arbitrary convex polyhedra are used. Discrete energy balances are written over these polyhedra. Temperature gradients required for the evaluation of secondary diffusion fluxes are found by linear reconstruction. A fully implicit scheme is used for unsteady problems. The resulting discrete equations are solved using an algebraic multigrid scheme. Schemes for hanging-node and conformal adaption are implemented. Computations are performed using a variety of triangular and quadrilateral meshes


The issue starts with a contribution dealing with the development of a fuzzy system algorithm using inexpensive general purpose hardwaresuch as BXC 196 KG 16 bit fixed point micro controller. The next paper discusses aboutthe use of restricted as well as complete Hamming scan in poly-semantic binary pulse compression sequence. Study of tiling transformation with reference to computation and idle times in a cluster of networked workstations using a rectangular shape and improved modeling of communication between workstations is the subject of investigation in the third paper. The forth contribution deals with generic model and analysis of asymmetric spanke optical switch to compare the behaviour with that of a symmetric configuration and provide optimal solution for a number of switch elements and crossovers. The following paper discusses the digital implementation of sliding mode control technique on a 3-phase solid state compensator for load balancing and reactive power compensation. The sixth paper of this volume describes a fast algorithm for dominant point detection with variable trade-off between approximation error and compression. The next paper discusses the effect of serration on the anenna performance. The eight paper presents the study of temperature and composition dependent band-gap and intrinsic carrier concentration in compound semiconductor like Ga As 1 _ x P x Alx Ga 1 _ x AS. The last paper presents an overview and new results in spatial multiplexing and density reception in wireless system in terms of improvement in channel capacity and performance degradation.


17 July 2012. A total of 318 UMP diploma students participated in GIGVAGANZA 2 as part of their overall assessments for UHL 1412(Foundation English). This time, they were also joined by school students from around Kuantan area. There were four participating schools who had gladly accepted our invitations, they were SMK Sultanah Hajjah Kalsom, SM Sains Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Pekan, SMK Sri Pekan and SMK Gambang.


Several mathematical models of the relationship first observed by Bradford with respect to the dispersion of articles in journals, exist in the literature. A detailed evaluation of all the then existing models of Bradford's law by Qiu (1990) showed that none of them were able to provide a good approximation to the data in the region of the Groos'droop, where data is found to deviate from Bradford's original formulation. In this paper we classify the cumulative rank-frequency models of Bradford's law in terms of the differential equations they satisfy, and show that most of them fall into two main categories. The differential equations indicate that it is not possible for their solutions to have a declining slope as seen in the droop. In contrast, the Random Hierarchical distribution, (Basu, 1991-1993) may or may not have a declining slope depending on the values of the parameters. By fitting the models to the bibliography on Agriculture (Lawani, 1972) it is found that not only does the Random Hierarchical model provide the best fit to the data, it is the only one to reproduce the falling curve in the region of the droop. We argue that there is case for re-examining the models both in terms of the soundness of the principles underlying their derivation, as well as their ability to reproduce observed data.


The study was inspired Abstractby the low of work commitments of the principal in public secondary school atthe cities in West Sumatera.The purpose is to determine the organizational culture and incentives as prediction factors work's commitments of theprincipal. Methodology Mixed methods research approach, in the form of embeddedconcurrent design or a combination of uneven. Population's studies is the principle of public secondary schools in the cities in West Sumatra province, amounting to 150 people. A sample of 116 people that taken at random. The research instrument was a questionnaire and an interview guide. Data processing is performed by multiple regression analysis and thematic. Results of data processing research indicates that organizational culture and incentives either individually or collectively can be used as a factor forecasters to work commitments principals.


Nitrogen fertilizer plants which produce urea using coal as material have a large amount of high-purity carbon dioxide.Thus,nitrogen fertilizer plants can not only jointly produce super-fine calcium carbonate,but can raise its outcome and quality as well.In addition,this will obviously decrease its investment comparing the professional calcium carbonate plants.


Opening glass jars has been noted to be particularly problematic for consumers, leading to many studies related to the opening process. However, most studies place restrictions on jar opening by forcing the jar to remain on the counter or by requiring a specific hand on the closure.


Calculated results for the aerodynamic coefficients over the range of + or - 90 deg in both pitch and yaw attitude angles for the Aeroassist Flight Experiment (AFE) vehicle in free molecule flow are presented. The AFE body is described by a large number of small flat plate surface elements whose orientations are established in a wind axes coordinate system through the pitch and yaw attitude angles. Lift force, drag force, and three components of aerodynamic moment about a specified point are computed for each element. The elemental forces and moments are integrated over the entire body, and total force and moment coefficients are computed. The coefficients are calculated for the two limiting gas-surface molecular collision conditions, namely, specular and diffuse, which assume zero and full thermal accommodation of the incoming gas molecules with the surface, respectively. The individual contribution of the shear stress and pressure terms are calculated and also presented.


The composition of the volatile oil of Kanzou from Glycyrrhiza glabra L. var. glandulifera Regel et Herder growing in northeast China has been investigated by capillary GC, GC–MS and 1H-NMR. The oil contained 81 volatile components of which 35.0% were terpenoid. The main constituents were octanoic acid (11.4%), paeonol (8.9%), octadecane (8.6%), benzaldehyde (7.5%), α-terpineol (7.5%) and 4-terpineol (7.2%).


At present,the domestic scholars have not paid much attention to the empirical analysis of the relationship between the vocational education and economic growth of the individual province and city.Therefore,the article uses the Jiangxi from city panel data 2000~2011to analyze the impact of higher vocational education on economic growth by Panel EGLS.The results show that Jiangxi's GDP increases by 0.007 8 percentage point,when the number of higher vocational education graduate increases one percentage point,and the increase is significant at 5%level;the impact of higher vocational education on economic growth of Jiangxi is less than that of higher education.Though the higher vocational education promotes the economic growth of of Jiangxi Province,there still exist some problems.As a result,the article puts forward some corresponding countermeasures:enlarge the enrollment to improve the social awareness of the importance of higher vocational education;improve the level of faculty to cultivate "dual teacher";step up funding support to improve school conditions;set up and adjust majors according to the demand of economic development.


Two taxonomic and nomenclatural issues in Lithospermum are addressed. The new combination L. thurberi based on Onosmodium thurberi is made, and L. macromeria (Macromeria viridiflora) is included as a heterotypic synonym. Lithospermum bejariense and Onosmodium bejariense are treated here as two distinct taxonomic entities.


? ?????? ??????????? ? ???????????????? ????? ? ?????? ????????????? ??????????? ???????? ????????????? ??????, ?????????? ???????? ??????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????. We studied and analyzed the forms and methods of regulation of social development of economic systems, defined the basic functions of the regional mechanism of social development.


Real-world performance evaluation of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) requires a considerable amount of time and resources. It is challenging to evaluate and make frequent changes to optimize UAV performance practically. Furthermore, some cyber-attack resistance evaluation tests for UAV networks, like jamming, are illegal to perform in most countries. Simulators are software that enable us to evaluate UAV performance without real-world practical implementation. Simulations make it possible to create, implement, and test scenarios virtually on a computer. There are many simulators available for UAV performance evaluation, but they all differ in functionality and use. It is essential to choose the right simulator based on the requirements and needs of the research. In this paper, we investigated, evaluated, and categorized available UAV simulators to make it easy to choose the right simulation software for UAV performance evaluation.


Quasicrystalline Al86V14, Al86Co14 and Al86Ni14 have been prepared by rapid quenching from the melt at a rate of approximately 2*106K s-1. X-ray diffraction patterns of these alloys show a small quantity of FCC aluminium and a quasicrystalline phase of the form reported recently for Al86Cr14, Al86Mn14 and Al86Fe14. The spacing of the lattice planes of the quasicrystalline phase decreases linearly with increasing number of 3d electrons on the transition-metal component. The crystallisation temperature of this metastable state is found to follow this same trend.


The quantum of proof in any area of law involving intent has, by its very nature, been controversial. How much proof do you need to withstand summary judgment where the proof is subject to a preponderance of evidence standard? It's an understatement to say that the case law since Continental T.V., Inc. v. GTE Sylvania Inc.,1 has made it more difficult for plaintiffs alleging violations of the antitrust laws. The case law has resulted in the virtual extinction of the use of the per se standard at the trial court level. Frankly, the Supreme Court's decision in Monsanto Co. v. Spray-Rite Service Corp.2 has created a rather imposing barrier for plaintiffs trying to withstand defendants' motions for summary judgment.


A new 4-DOF parallel robot was converted to spat ial closed loop that was composed of four series mechanisms, and then its error model was constructed by Denavit-Hartenberg method. In the algorithm,the effect s of manufacturing tolerances and installation errors on the platform accuracy w ere evaluated. The simulation studies were carried out to verify the algorithm's validity. Finally, the major factors contributing to platform inaccuracy were s tudied. By correcting these factors, accuracy is greatly improved.


Recent research shows that fast electromagnetic pulses with high amplitude can be used to kill melanoma cells or aid in gene insertion [1]. In this paper we present the experimental results for a five layer electromagnetic focusing lens. This lens is used to match the spherical TEM wave converging at the second focal point of a prolate-spheroidal impulse radiating antenna (PSIRA) into a biological target.


BACKGROUND
A group of patients has been described who have chest pain resembling angina and positive exercise tests, but normal coronary angiograms and no coronary-artery spasm. This constellation of features has sometimes been called syndrome X or microvascular angina. We attempted to determine whether endothelium-dependent vasodilatation of the coronary vasculature was impaired in patients with this syndrome.

METHODS
We infused the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine and the endothelium-independent vasodilators papaverine and isosorbide dinitrate into the left coronary artery of 9 patients and 10 control subjects. The diameter of the left anterior descending coronary artery was assessed by quantitative angiography, and changes in coronary blood flow were estimated with the use of an intracoronary Doppler catheter.

RESULTS
Acetylcholine, given in doses of 1, 3, 10, and 30 micrograms per minute, increased coronary blood flow in a dose-dependent manner in both groups. However, the mean (+/- SD) acetylcholine-induced increases in coronary blood flow were significantly less (P < 0.001) in the patient (8 +/- 14, 37 +/- 37, 59 +/- 67, and 103 +/- 77 percent, respectively) than in the controls (62 +/- 52, 186 +/- 93, 341 +/- 128, and 345 +/- 78 percent, respectively). The changes in coronary blood flow in response to 2 mg of isosorbide dinitrate (236 +/- 66 percent vs. 280 +/- 56 percent) and 10 mg of papaverine (366 +/- 168 percent vs. 411 +/- 92 percent) did not differ significantly between the patients and controls. The administration of papaverine resulted in myocardial lactate production in the patients but not in the controls. The three lower doses of acetylcholine caused a similar degree of dilatation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in the two groups, and the highest dose caused a similar degree of constriction in the two groups. Isosorbide dinitrate and papaverine caused a similar degree of dilatation in both groups.

CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that endothelium-dependent dilatation of the resistance coronary arteries is defective in patients with anginal chest pain and normal coronary arteries, which may contribute to the altered regulation of myocardial perfusion in these patients.


The growth and development of plants directly depends on watering them with aqueous solutions containing a sufficient amount of trace elements. In the article, the authors propose an efficient power source for an electrical installation designed for aqueous solutions. This installation allows you to increase nutrients and stimulates their assimilation by plants. For this setup, the authors propose to use a voltage source based on a multifunctional integrated element. The article presents a power supply diagram of an electrical technological installation based on a two-section single design and technological component. The power supply based on the presented component will allow the voltage to be varied over a wide range and will greatly reduce the weight and dimensions of existing installations. One of the sections of the multifunctional component will be used as a transformer and the other as a capacitor.


Purpose
The sustainable development goal (SDG 17) is to strengthen the means of implementation and revitalise the global partnership for sustainable development. Partnership is a key strategy for acquiring skills, information and private finance for developing critical infrastructure projects. Existing studies have mostly concentrated on identifying critical success factors (CSFs) for successfully delivering public–private partnerships (PPPs) projects, but the interrelationships among CSFs expected from stakeholders have garnered less attention. The purpose of this study is to examine the interconnections among CSFs of PPP projects while keeping the public in mind, as well as the influencing routes that contribute to success in the PPP implementation process.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses a mixed-method approach that involves both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection. The data for the study were collected through a well-structured questionnaire from the respondents who are directly or indirectly associated with the PPP project implementation process. The CSF's framework was built using a literature study and expert interviews; nine hypotheses were developed and evaluated using structural equation modelling. Random and purposive sampling techniques were used for the respondents who were directly or indirectly associated with the PPP project implementation process.

Findings
The findings of this study reveal that the relationship between public and private partners is more adherent than collaborative, with unequal responsibilities, powers and resources distributed among the parties involved. The relevance of state rules, the PPP directive and policies in PPP implementation is supported by the positive connection between favourable environments (Fav_Env) and government attributes (Gov_Atr; the path coefficient is 0.405). Moreover, government attributes have a favourable influence on private company attributes (Pvt_Atr; the path coefficient is 0.198), showing that the state plays a substantial role in the private sector's decision-making process in PPP. The long-term sustainability and success of a PPP project are dependent on the established interrelationships between CSFs.

Practical implications
The established interrelationships between CSFs will contribute to the long-term viability and success of a PPP project. Since PPP is still in its infancy in India, the study of CSFs in PPPs and their interrelationships will help policymakers and other stakeholders better understand the major individual factors impacting the success or failure of PPP initiatives.

Originality/value
Because PPP is still in its infancy in India, the study of CSFs in PPPs and their interrelationships will help policymakers and other stakeholders to better understand the major individual factors impacting the success or failure of PPP initiatives. A key implication of the study borders on providing a better understanding of the relationships between CSFs and public engagement. This is also critical for the long-term viability of PPPs and the enhancement of public service quality.


ZGN-1061 (1061) is a methionine aminopeptidase 2 (MetAP2) inhibitor being developed to improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. In diet-induced obese mice, 1061 reduces fat mass and improves glycemic control, lipid metabolism, and other metabolic parameters. This study investigated 8 weeks of treatment with 1061 (0.3 mg/kg, SC, N=11) or vehicle (N=10) on metabolic parameters, hepatic pathology, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) activity score (NAS; composite measure of steatosis, inflammation, and ballooning degeneration; range 0-8) in male mice with diet-induced and biopsy-confirmed nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (DIO-NASH). At week 8, there was a vehicle corrected weight loss of 13.1% with 1061 (p Disclosure B.F. Burkey: Employee; Self; Zafgen. M. Illemann: None. S. Veidal: None. M. Feigh: None. J. Vath: Employee; Self; Zafgen. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Zafgen. T.E. Hughes: Board Member; Self; Zafgen. Employee; Self; Zafgen. Stock/Shareholder; Self; Zafgen.


Detritus is a frequent, poorly defined, component of bivalve growth and carrying capacity models. The purpose of this study was to determine the proportional contributions of detrital material derived from primary producers (phytoplankton, macroalgae, Spartina alterniflora, and terrestrial leaf litter) to particulate organic matter (POM) and blue mussel's (Mytilus edulis) diet within a temperate bay (Saco Bay, ME, United States). We assessed which detrital sources, if any, warranted incorporation into modeling efforts. Stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) and fatty acid biomarkers (FA) of mussels, size fractionated (<100 μm) POM, and primary producer endmembers (phytoplankton, Saccharina latissima, Ascophyllum nodosum, Chondrus crispus, Spartina alterniflora and leaf litter) collected between 2016 and 2017 were used to estimate endmember contributions to POM and mussel diets. Based on FAs dinoflagellates were the most abundant phytoplankton in Saco Bay, even during the fall diatom bloom. Diatoms within the bay were primarily centric, but pennate diatoms were at times present in the water column (e.g., in September). Following abundances of dinoflagellates, and centric and pennate diatoms, 22:6ω3 (DHA) was the most abundant essential FA (8.6 ± 0.1% total FAs), followed by 20:5ω3 (EPA: 7.0 ± 0.1%) and 20:4ω6 (ARA: 0.3 ± 0.1%). On average, phytoplankton derived organic matter contributed 22.1 ± 0.3% of the total POM in the bay. The concentration of non-fresh phytoplankton organic matter, or remaining organic matter (REMORG), was positively correlated with all endmember biomarkers. However, the proportion (%) of vascular plant, macroalgal, and detrital FAs was negatively correlated with the concentration of REMORG. This finding suggests in periods of low productivity, vascular plant and macroalgal detritus are proportionally more important contributors to POM. Mussels were broad spectrum omnivores, consuming phytoplankton, zooplankton, and detrital material. Detrital contributions to mussel diets were important (minimum of 16% of diet). Although small, macroalgae's dietary contribution (8%) to M. edulis may be important. Macroalgal detritus contained essential FAs (20:5ω3 and 20:4ω6) that could supplement mussel diets, as M. edulis in Saco Bay were likely limited by 20:5ω3. Consideration of how macroalgal detritus affects the availability of essential FAs in POM may be useful to incorporate into aquaculture site selection.


An improved internal model control method was proposed for integrator and time delay process to overcome the limitation of the traditional internal model control method.A proportional controller and a proportional differential controller were added to the traditional internal model control structure to stabilize unstable object and control the disturbance rejection performance and robustness of the system.All-pole approximation method was adopted to approximate the delay item of the system.The improved internal model control had fast set point response and good disturbance rejection performance.The design of each controller was simple,and there was only one parameter in the whole system.The simulation results of a first-order integrator and time delay process illustrates the effectiveness of the method.


Under the new pattern of "double cycle", promoting the quality development of railway infrastructure construction has become an important support point for the sound development of the economy and society. However, under the new pattern, there is still no accurate direction on how to build railway infrastructure under the background of double circulation to achieve better two-way development. Therefore, in this study, we collected relevant data on the railway track development status from 2012 to 2020, judged the current railway track industry development status through the compertz curve model, and established an index system to comprehensively evaluate the coupling degree of the railway track industry demand market, So as to get practical conclusions and provide directions for the development of the railway track industry.


In the present paper an attempt has been made to estimate how economic (financial) crisis and confidence to the EU institutions affect political stability. This analysis refers to the Western Europe for the period (1999-2012). The econometric model used is based on the Eviews software package.


Abstract:The article examines the inter-personal silences in Yizhar's war opus The Days of Ziklag (1958), pointing to their links with the establishment of the nation-state. Through a close reading of interpersonal encounters that involve silence, this article demonstrates that many of the communicational silences are connected to the phatic function, to use the terminology of linguist Roman Jakobson. I argue that toward the end of the novel, the violence of war has been silenced to the extent that the soldiers no longer verbalize it at all, feeling content in their silence. Moreover, this article unravels these silences against the backdrop of images of childhood, which recur in the novel's descriptions of the fighters. As I argue, the depiction of the soldiers as children conveys a sense of "budding nationalism," and exposes the position of the fighters as national subjects in the process of becoming.


This chapter examines ideological developments unfolding in the last months of the civil war. In particular, it examines the coalescence of a "propaganda collective," centering on John Lilburne and his closest collaborators, which began to promulgate a distinctive vision of political reality, put forward as the need for a final settlement became evident. This "collective" established many of the ideological, organizational, and personal ligatures that would hold together the Leveller movement in 1647. However, this collective remained in 1645 an integral part of the wider "independent" coalition, sharing broader political and ideological objectives with other constituents of that coalition. Moreover, there were also important developments among other independent sympathizers, evident most notably in the emergence, for the first time, of overtly republican sentiments and arguments at the end of 1645.


Mitochondrial DNA played a prominent role in the fields of population genetics, systematics and evolutionary biology, due to its favorable characteristics, such as, uniparental inheritance, fast evolution and easy accessibility. However, the mitochondrial sequences have been mostly neglected in fungi since the initiation of the barcoding of life project, due to technical difficulties. This shifted the focus in fungal systematics and phylogenetics from the mitochondrion to the nuclear rDNA repeat region and single copy nuclear housekeeping genes. The combination of whole genome sequencing and new bioinformatics software, such as GRAbB (introduced in this thesis), overcome these difficulties, and pave the way for large scale comparative mitochondrial genomics as an important part of evolutionary studies. The work presented in this thesis demonstrates that large numbers of strains can be compared for a specific region (the mitogenome in our case) by using the selective assembly approach, that introns and homing endonuclease genes play an important role in the mitochondrial genome evolution, and that comparative mitochondrial genome analysis can lead to new insights into our understanding of the biology and evolutionary history of the organism. Such insights are the cryptic sexual or parasexual cycle in F. oxysproum, and that horizontal transfer has played an important role in the evolutionary history of F. fujikuroi & F. oxysporum species complexes, which should be taken into consideration when studying individual gene genealogies within these groups.


The substrate cleaning was an absolutely step for the working procedure of coating,and the cleanse grade was one of the most important factors to the quality of coating production. It was very important for the cleaning before coating to ensure the high cleanse of substrate,and reduce the impurity in the films. The cleaning technics before coating were introduced,such as cleanse,ultrasonic and vapor Phase. The cleaning applications trend of the optical filters before coating were put forward,which towards green,automatic,high efficiency and low cost.


Objective
To evaluate the effect of emulsified isoflurane postconditioning on nuclear factor-E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) -antioxidant response element (ARE) signaling pathway during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats in vitro.

Methods
Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged 4-5 months, weighing 250-300 g, were heparinized and anesthetized with intraperitoneal 1% amobarbital sodium 40 mg/kg.Their hearts were excised and perfused in a Langendorff apparatus with K-H solution.Thirty-two isolated rat hearts were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=8 each) using a random number table: control group (group C) , group I/R, emulsified isoflurane postconditioning group (EIP group) and fat emulsion group (group F) . After 20 min of equilibration, group C was continuously perfused with K-H solusion for 100 min.Group I/R underwent 40 min of ischemia at 32 ℃, followed by reperfusion for 60 min.In EIP and F groups, after undergoing 40 min of global ischemia, the isolated hearts were perfused for 2 min with K-H solution containing 1.68 mmol/L emulsified isoflurane and 712 mg/L intralipid, respectively, starting from the onset of reperfusion, and then were continuously perfused with K-H solution containing oxygen at 37 ℃ for 58 min.Heart rate (HR) , left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) , left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) , and positive maximal pressure of left ventricular increase (+ dp/dtmax) were recorded at the end of equilibration and reperfusion.At the end of reperfusion, myocardial specimens were obtained from the left ventricle for examination of the ultrastructure of myocardial cells and for determination of Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) , quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) , and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and mRNA expression using Western blot and real-time PCR.

Results
Compared with group C, HR, + dp/dtmax and LVDP were significantly decreased, and LVEDP was increased at the end of reperfusion in I/R and F groups, LVDP was significantly decreased, LVEDP was increased, and no significant changes were found in HR and + dp/dtmax at the end of reperfusion in EIP group, and Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1 and SOD1 and mRNA expression was down-regulated at the end of reperfusion in I/R, EIP and F groups.Compared with group I/R, HR, + dp/dtmax and LVDP were significantly increased, and LVEDP was decreased at the end of reperfusion in EIP and F groups, Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1 and SOD1 and mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated at the end of reperfusion in EIP group, and Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1 and SOD1 mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated, Nrf2 and HO-1 expression was up-regulated, and no significant changes were found in NQO1 and SOD1 expression at the end of reperfusion in group F. Compared with group EIP, HR, + dp/dtmax and LVDP were significantly decreased, LVEDP was increased, and Nrf2, HO-1, NQO1 and SOD1 and mRNA expression was down-regulated in group F.

Conclusion
Emulsified isoflurane postconditioning attenuates myocardial I/R injury probably by activating Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway in isolated rat hearts.

Key words:
Isoflurane; Fat emulsions, intravenous; Ischemic postconditioning; Myocardial reperfusion injury; Nuclear factor-E2 related factor 2; Response elements


Patterns, murals, reliefs, and various types of surface articulations have long been an integral part of design. Attitudes towards surface are reflective of a broader climate of spatial production, gauging the necessity and commodity of agglomeration within spaces specifically, and the agency of liminal territories within architecture at large. Commonly deposited on surfaces within prized programs (such as churches, palaces, and mosques), patterns and their respective aggregations reference through their inscriptions deities and assert the influence of various authorities. They are also telling of traditions of making and craft, both analog and digital. Whether such formations assume anthropomorphic qualities or are fashioned around pure geometry and repetition, the agency of surface articulation remains a present yet often contested area in design.1 The resilience of patterns and their resurgence in the digital age is a testament to their impact on our spatial experience.2 From primitive markings to the most complex formal plasticity of fabricated assemblages, topical material applications are intrinsic to asserting value and identity to the spatial volume. Heterotopias by nature, patterns alter and augment the space of occupation. They cater to a different formal metabolism characterized by a unique receptiveness to the users, thus, introducing friction to interior and exterior territories. Now more than ever, the need for this friction between surfaces and their occupants is essential in an era ubiquitous with the flatness of virtual imagery3 and an overall contextual banality.


Problem setting. In modern conditions of building the economy on a market basis, the development of entrepreneurship has led to a significant expansion of opportunities for participants in property turnover in the conclusion of various types of civil contracts. Concluding a contract is a rather complicated process. When concluding it, some questions arise related to the acceptance of the proposal to conclude a civil contract.
Target research. The aim of the article is a general study and analysis of acceptance as a stage of concluding a civil contract. To achieve this purpose it is necessary to solve the following tasks: 1) to determine the characteristics of acceptance; 2) analyze the forms of acceptance; 3) to investigate the possibility of withdrawal by the acceptor of his answer on the acceptance of the proposal for the conclusion of a civil contract; 4) to investigate the legal consequences of the acceptance received late.
Analysis of recent research and publication. Contractual legal relations have been studied by civil scientists in various aspects. Research in this area was conducted by S.O. Borodovsky, M.I. Braginsky, V.V. Vitryansky, V.V. Denysiuk, О.О. Krasavchikov, В.В. Lutz and others. But the issue of acceptance as a stage of concluding a civil law contract is poorly covered, is quite relevant and needs further study.
Article's main body. The article analyzes the acceptance as a stage of concluding a civil contract. Characteristic signs of acceptance are defined. It is indicated that the response to the acceptance of the proposal must indicate its acceptance, be complete and unconditional. Forms of acceptance are analyzed. The possibility of withdrawal by the acceptor of the answer on acceptance for the offer of the conclusion of the civil law contract is investigated. The legal consequences of late acceptance are investigated.
Conclusions and prospect of development. Thus, the study and analysis of acceptance as a stage of concluding a civil contract and its legal consolidation is of great scientific and practical importance, as the absence of certain provisions in the legislation hinders the possibility of proper protection of the rights of parties to a civil contract.


The purpose of this study is to analyze factors that influence student's behavior towards online
shopping. Students are one of the target markets towards the online retailer as they have money and interest. Most of these students are not working and most of them are provided with the educational loans. However, there are circumstances that they should not involve in online shopping due to many invalid transaction such h u d and theft. This could cause them of the financial loss. There are two theories that used in this study which are Technology Acceptance Model and Theory of Planning Behavior. The independent variables suggests by the researcher in this study is ease of use, perceived usefulness, brand orientation and website design. To investigate these hypotheses, 350 questionnaires distributed among the undergraduate students of
School of Business Management. Finally regression analysis was used on data in order to test
hypothesizes of study. This study can be considered as an applied research £tom purpose perspective and descriptive-survey with regard to the nature and method (type of correlation). The study identified that all the independent variables are correlate with the dependent variable.


Patient: Male, 65 Final Diagnosis: Septic shock with MOF due to fluoroquinolones resistant Campylobacter jejuni Symptoms: Fever (37.4°C) • acute delirium Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Infectious Diseases Objective: Rare disease Background: Campylobacter jejuni infections are typically self-limited, and severe extra-intestinal complications are uncommon. Case Report: We report a case of a man with septic shock due to fluoroquinolones resistant Campylobacter jejuni. Conclusions: This manuscript emphasizes the potential lethality of fluorquinolones resistant Campylobacter jejuni bacteremia.


In this paper, we introduce an optical network with cross-layer security, which can enhance security performance. In the transmitter, the user's data is encrypted at first. After that, based on optical encoding, physical layer encryption is implemented. In the receiver, after the corresponding optical decoding process, decryption algorithm is used to restore user's data. In this paper, the security performance has been evaluated quantitatively.


Military defeats on the Continent in the late fourteenth century meant that England faced the very real danger of an invasion by France and her allies, with two major attempts made to send an army ...


The existence of Lingsar Temple in Lingsar Village, West Nusa Tenggara Province has been able to unite two different ethnic religious backgrounds namely the Sasak Islam Tribe Wetu Telu (Left Three) and the Hindu Balinese Tribe. The incident has occurred since the reign of King Karangasem in West Lombok. The establishment of Lingsar Temple is estimated to occur more or less in 1615 Saka by AA Anglurah Ketut Karangasem who ruled at that time and expanded again by his brother named AA Anglurah Made Karangasem approximately around the year 1720. The influence of King Karangasem has been able to bear tolerance for both tribes , so the two tribes are always together in performing ritual ceremonies and traditions at Lingsar Temple. But on the other hand no doubt will also happen a dynamics of tolerance.This study aims to provide an understanding of the existence of Lingsar Temple in West Nusa Tenggara, as well as to raise public awareness in understanding and understanding tolerance among religious communities. In addition, to provide knowledge whether or not a dynamism of tolerance occurs. The method used in this study is a qualitative model of new ethnographic analysis with data collection techniques that use observation, ethnographic interview, literature study, documentation studies. Analytical techniques used are analysis domain, taxonomic analysis, component analysis, and theme analysis.From the research conducted in the field in obtaining the result of the existence of Lingsar Temple founded by A.A Ketut Karangasem who get the revelation from God / Ida Sanghyang Widhi Wasa. standing lingsar temple aims to unite inwardly between the people of Sasak tribe with the Hindu Balinese society. For the year of the founding of Lingsar Temple can not be ascertained because there is no written source mentions.Mean contained in the tradition of Ketopat War that is integration, tolerance, and religious. Socio-Religious of Sasak Tribe with Hindu Communities have interrelationship so that the communication process between these two tribes and based on the perception of the two communities This tribe has a very high idealistic attitude in running the tradition of Ketopat War.


Sexuality & Ageing offers a refreshing alternative to the deterministic perspective of ageing as an inevitable journey of sexual dysfunction and increasing decrepitude. This book presents interdisc...


Thinking about innovations that reduce environmental impact and offer quality consumer goods is a way of proposing a future scenario governed by eco-efficiency values. Through an exploratory bibliographic and documentary research, which qualitatively analyses Kombucha authors and fermenters, this article seeks to identify the relationship between biomimetics and bacterial fabric production as an eco-efficient product in the fashion market chain. The general objective of this case study is to explain the fermentation process to encourage the search for raw materials inserted in the sustainability proposal.


CdSe/CdTe superlattices are grown on GaSb substrates using molecular beam epitaxy. X-ray diffraction measurements and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy images indicate high crystalline quality. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements show the effective bandgap varies with the superlattice layer thicknesses and confirm the CdSe/CdTe heterostructure has a type-II band edge alignment. The valence band offset between unstrained CdTe and CdSe is determined as 0.63 ± 0.06 eV by fitting the measured PL peak positions using the envelope function approximation and the Kronig-Penney model. These results suggest that CdSe/CdTe superlattices are promising candidates for multi-junction solar cells and other optoelectronic devices based on GaSb substrates.


8 As Henry Ford said, "Thinking is hard work; that's why so few people do it." Teaching people to think is not only hard work, it is a challenge that experts say may be made more difficult with lecture presentations and authoritarian teaching styles.! While college professors may expect their students to think reflectively, few may be aware that traditional higher education teaching practices may inhibit student development in reflective thinking. Many college freshmen believe that problems are well structured.I As Schon asserts, however, and as many teachers know from experience, the world of the practicing teacher is fraught with complexity, uncertainty, and conflict.J Problems in today's classrooms are not well struc-


The most important factor within the wireless sensor network is to have effective network usage and increasing the lifetime of the individual nodes in order to operate the wireless network more efficiently. Many routing protocols have been developed for this purpose. One of these is the LEACH protocol presented by Wendi Heinzelman, which is especially well known as a simple and efficient clustering based routing protocol. However, because LEACH protocol in an irregular network results in a drop in efficiency of the total data throughput, the stability of the cluster is declined. Therefore, to increase the stability of the cluster head, this paper proposes a stochastic cluster head selection method for improving the LEACH protocol. To this end, it proposes a SHLEACH(Stochastic Cluster Head Selection Method-LEACH) that it is combined with the HEED and LEACH protocol and the proposed algorithm is verified through the simulation.


For the situation that the stability of single-loop PID control system is not high,control result is not satisfactory at present,the proposed single-loop controller is designed based on ARM7S3C44B0X 32 bit embedded chip.The chip has a powerful capabilities of data processing.More convenient platform for C language is selected in the design process,design cycle is shortened largely.Digital PID control algorithm is used to achieve control purposes.Through debugging PID parameters,overshoot is reduced,the adjustment time is shorten,transition is smoothed,control effect is good.The results show that single-loop PID controller based on S3C44B0X chip meets control performance index nicely and has great applications value.


The authors propose a new method based on spatial cumulants for estimating the parameters of multiple near-field and far-field sources. The Toeplitz property used in some studies is not applicable to fourth-order statistics to separate sources components. Therefore, in this paper, a method is proposed to compute output cumulants of specified sensors in special arrangements, by which the components of the near-field and the far-field sources are effectively separated using differencing. The angle and range estimations, as well as the classification of the sources, are obtained based on the data from two spatial cumulant matrices. One of them contains the angle information of all sources, and the other only contains the information of near-field sources. The parameters extraction algorithm is based on the ESPRIT technique; therefore, the proposed method does not require any spectral search. This leads to a significant reduction in computational complexity. Unlike some approaches, the proposed method does not suffer from array aperture loss. Also, the parameters pairing procedure is done automatically. Analysis and simulation results confirm the good performance of the proposed method in terms of computational complexity, estimation accuracy, correct classification of signals, and aperture loss.


The Graphical Scheduler is the latest of software products developed by SAGE for the transit industry. It was specifically designed to run on a micro-computer taking advantage of the latest software and hardware developments. The Graphical Scheduler permits the user to: define the routes; perform the trip generation and vehicle assignment; assign the drivers to the vehicles; build the weekly rosters.


SONOS-type NAND flash memory cell with metal-Al2O3-SiN-Si3N4-Si was fabricated and key characteristics were investigated. Low voltage and high-speed programming/erasing characteristics were achieved, due to low barrier height of Si3N4 and high dielectric constant of Al2O3 compared with those of SiO2. It also showed good endurance up to 10 k cycles, and more than 1.5 V memory windows after 10 years.


The study was undertaken to analyze the effect of chitosan cross-linking with glutaraldehyde on the adsorption capacity of chitosan beads during adsorption of Reactive Black (RB5) and Basic Green (BG4) dyes. Analyses were conducted at three pH values: pH 3.0; 5.0 and 9.0. Results obtained were evaluated with the use of four models of adsorption isotherms − Freundlich, Langmuir, Double Langmuir and Redlic-Petreson. The cross-linking of beads with glutaraldehyde turned out to be beneficial for the anionic dye RB5. Compared to the non-cross-linked beads, a comparable adsorption capacity (over 500 mg/g d.m.) was obtained at pH 3.0 and pH 5.0. In the case of the cationic dye, chitosan cross-linking reduced the quantity of adsorbed dye, irrespective of the pH value of the adsorption process.


The year 2016 is notable for several significant anniversaries. One which could well be overlooked is that it is 200 years since the arrival of the first missionary to have been resident among the Xhosa. Although he had a short ministry, dying just two years later, Joseph Williams had a remarkable impact. The article briefly recounts his story and suggests that a cause of his early demise was frustration at his being caught up in the politics of the day, but also that his death could well have proved to have been beneficial to the progress of the gospel in the Eastern Cape.


Objective Some studies have showed that the changes of autophagic capacity may be lead to tumorigenesis and carcinoma development. The study was to observe the expression of autophagy-re-lated gene Beclinl and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain3 (MAPLC3 ) protein in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and explore their contribution to therapy of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Methods The expression of Beclinl and MAPLC3 protein in 40 specimens of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) ,35 specimens of benign disease of thyroid and 20 specimens of normal thyroid tissues were detected by western-blotting method. Results The protein levels of Beclinl and MAPLC3 is significantly higher in benign disease tissues and normal tissues than in papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues (5.48±0. 63 and 5.93±0.88 vs 3.05±0.43 for Beclinl ,F=205.30,P<0.05) ;3.18±0.49 and 3.55±0.53 vs 2.17±0.37, F=91. 53,P<0. 05). Conclusion Expiession of Beclinl and MAPLC3 autophagy-related genes are down-regulated in papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues. The decrease of autophagic capacity may related to tumorigenesis and the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Key words:
Papillary thyroid carcinoma; Autophagy; Beclinl; MAPLC3


ABSTRACT In recent years, applications for smartphones and tablets have undergone important developments, and their use is gradually becoming a new standard in everyday life and in some professional circles. Forensic science, and especially crime scene investigation, will not be an exception. However, should we expect a revolution of methods and practices, or only an extension of available tools without any fundamental change? To address this question and establish the current state of research and practice, this study considers a literature review, semi-structured interviews, and a survey of forensic unit representatives in Canada and Switzerland. It appears that there is at present no specific policy or framework to guide the development, use, and evaluation of applications that could support the investigation of crime scenes. Therefore, this article proposes a typology of applications and criteria for assessing their relevance, reliability, and response to operational requirements. The detailed study of five applications is used to illustrate the assessment process. A better understanding of issues and critical success factors associated with the use of applications is necessary to ensure the measured and intelligent integration of this technology in the daily investigation of crime scenes. In this regard, strengthening of scientific and pragmatic research that considers operational constraints is considered desirable.


Iron is a widely used catalyst for the growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or carbon nanofibers (CNFs) by catalytic chemical vapor deposition. However, both Fe and Fe–C compounds (generally, Fe3C) have been found to catalyze the growth of CNTs/CNFs, and a comparison study of their respective catalytic activities is still missing. Furthermore, the control of the crystal structure of iron-based catalysts, that is α-Fe or Fe3C, is still a challenge, which not only obscures our understanding of the growth mechanisms of CNTs/CNFs, but also complicates subsequent procedures, such as the removal of catalysts for better industrial applications. Here, we show a partial control of the phase of iron catalysts (α-Fe or Fe3C), obtained by varying the growth temperatures during the synthesis of carbon-based nanofibers/nanotubes in a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition reactor. We also show that the structure of CNFs originating from Fe3C is bamboo-type, while that of CNFs originating from Fe is not. Moreover, we di...


The principal component of the Hilbert scheme of n points on a scheme X is the closure of the open subset parameterizing n distinct points. In this article we construct the principal component as a certain blow‐up of the symmetric product of X. Our construction is based on a local explicit analysis of étale families, from which the appropriate universal property, needed to identify the principal component with the blow‐up, is derived.


Threshold voltage (Vth) shift of a metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) system due to electron beam (EB) exposure can be expressed quantitatively as a function of the EB dosage which was derived easily as a solution of a differential equation based on the hole capturing model in the gate oxide. The theoretical model assumes two steps for hole capturing. First is the hole capturing by intrinsic hole traps leading to steep Vth shift with EB dosage at early exposure stages. The second is the hole capturing by newborn hole traps due to the EB injection, leading to a rather slow Vth variation at a higher EB dosage. The model shows good agreement with the experimental result over a wide range of electron beam dosages. Moreover, hole injection efficiency in the gate oxide is found to be higher for the third Aluminum interconnection layer exposure than for the first Al layer, corresponding to higher deposition energy around the gate oxide obtained by the Monte Carlo simulation result.


Turkey, lies southeast of Europe on the tip of western Asia, the country enjoys both a historical bond and deep friendship with China.With their respective locations on the west and east ends of the ancient Silk Road, Turkey and China have a long history of political, cultural and trade relations.……


With new selective poling schemes for polar semicrystalline polymers (poling temperatures below and/or above the glass-transition temperature as well as poling fields lower and/or higher than the coercive field), it is possible to clearly separate the respective contributions to the polarization in poly(vinylidene fluoride). From dynamic pyroelectrical measurements, the permanent polarization of the dipoles in the crystalline phase, the frozen-in polarization of the dipoles in the amorphous phase and the effect of the excess charges of the Maxwell-Wagner interface (MWI) polarization can be identified. In addition, the depth profiles of the polarization after various poling schemes have been investigated with the Laser-Intensity Modulation Method (LIMM). It is found that the more or less uniform bulk polarization does usually not extend to the electrodes and that there are depolarization zones near the electrodes.


Phase change materials (PCM) provide unique optical characteristics, such as a dramatic change in optical refractive index <1, not obtainable from conventional semiconductor optical materials such as Si and InP. Thus, PCMs are being explored to program and reconfigure optical devices to adapt to the sensing needs per the environment. Also, the nonvolatile nature of PCM devices offers system integration without disturbing the sensing. An example of a PCM-based optical device can be a spatial light modulator (SLM) that enables a coded aperture imaging technique to extract spectral signature for remote detection and identification without platform motion. SLMs offer a way to carry out spectral imaging with reconfigurability, which allows signature detection against a spectrally cluttered background. Here, we report on a new solid-state optical modulator device with a SbTe PCM operating in the infrared range and at cryogenic temperatures with excellent switching cycle reliability for the programming of PCM-based optical devices.


In order to study the application of V-N microalloying in low carbon bainite steel,effects of tempering temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of a ultra-low carbon bainitic steel microalloyed by vanadium and nitrogen was investigated by means of TEM,SEM and EDS analysis.The results show that the yield strength increases at first and then decreases with the tempering temperature increasing.When tempered at 600 ℃,the yield strength of the directly quenched(DQ) steel reaches 805 MPa,which increases by 200 MPa compared with that of the as-rolled state.After tempering at 600 ℃,the yield strength of DQ steel is 65 MPa higher than that of the steel isothermally cooled at 450 ℃,and the elongation of the tempered steel is higher than the as-rolled.A large amount of precipitation of nanoscale V(C,N) particles in bainite ferrite matrix is observed when tempered at 600 ℃,which significantly contribute to the improvement of yield strength,and DQ steel has better microstructure stability and finer precipitations.


Thank you for downloading advanced surface coatings a handbook of surface engineering. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their favorite novels like this advanced surface coatings a handbook of surface engineering, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some malicious bugs inside their desktop computer.


Strictly speaking dual frame sampling refers to any sample design in which two different and usually overlapping frames are used to draw a sample for the same universe. Multi-frame designs are designs in which K frames are sampled where K is greater than 2 and and each frame contains some elements in common with another of the frames used to draw the sample. If there is no overlap in a dual or multiple frame situation then the design reduces to the familiar stratified sample design. Each frame being a stratum and the multi-frame designation is not normally used to describe the design.


Bots (automated accounts) in social media have gained more attention from social scientists in recent years. The former are employed by both governments and civil society groups in order to manipulate online political discussion in social media. Nevertheless, there is no conclusive evidence on their effectiveness as a tool to bolster (mobilize) or suppress (demobilize) political discussion in social media. This paper presents a novel agent-based model, capable of simulating bot deployment as both mobilization and demobilization tool. Results of the simulations reveal three major effects of bot deployment. First, bots are more effective at demobilizing opponents than mobilizing supporters. Second, transmitting radical opinions via bots may backfire, demobilizing a certain group rather than mobilizing it. Third, the effectiveness of social bots is dependent on homophily: more homophilous networks are less susceptible to bots' influence. Results of modeling may both advance our estimations of bots' effectiveness and serve as a tool to generate potential hypotheses for future empirical research.


Present investigation was undertaken to assess the stability of 20 amaranthus genotypes under varying levels of nitrogen. Nitrogen levels, i.e., 75, 100 and 125 kg N/ha were kept in main plots, while the genotypes were evaluated in sub-plots. The stability of these genotypes was measured by three parameters, viz., mean performance over different nitrogen levels, the linear regression and deviation from regression. The linear increase in the total green yield of amaranthus was evident with every increase in dose of nitrogen, where maximum yield of 279.76 q/ha was recorded with 125 kg N/ha against 174.06 q/ha with the application of nitrogen @ 75 kg N/ha. The application of nitrogen at the level up to 125 kg per hectare can be recommended to get high total green yield. The genotypes Local Thundukeerai and Selection-1 were high yielding and stable under varying N levels, whereas, the genotypes CO-5 and CO-2 were highly responsive to nitrogen application. Genotypes, namely, Local Thundukeerai, Selection-1, CO-5 and CO-2 can be exploited as potential genotypes for getting higher yield.


Studies on experimental hypothermia often use anaesthesia to lower body temperature (Tb). Thus, urethane anaesthesia has frequently been employed in hypothermia research (1,4,8,9, 12). However, a declining condition has been found in urethane-anaesthetized rats during acute hypothermia involving strong acidosis (1). Urethane, like many other anaesthetics, induces marked alterations in the endocrine system, which can lead to hormonal imbalance, finally altering plasma glucose concentrations (11). These plasma glucose changes have not previously been reported in urethane-induced hypothermic rats, although hyperglycaemia has often been described during the development of hypothermia in the rat induced by other anaesthetics such as halothane or pentobarbital (6,7). These findings contrast markedly with the findings of normoglycaemia in hypothermic non-anaesthetized rats (2). Hypothermic conscious rats have been used successfully as models for the study of accidental hypothermia in mammals (1,3). The main purpose of the present study was to compare blood glycaemia during hypothermia in the rat under two different hypothermia-induction procedures: unanaesthetized and urethane-anaesthetized rats.


The main technical requirements, scheme, technical and economical indices of typical design for power transmission and transformation project were introduced, and the existent problems in equipment manufacturing and material processing at present were pointed out. The experiences for standardizing equipment manufacturing and material processing of substation were described, and the influence of typical design on material processing of power transmission line tower was introduced. The suggestions for standardizing equipment manufacturing of substation including primary and secondary main equipments are presented.


In flight simulators great care is taken to display to the pilot under training, as accurately as possible, the instrument readings appropriate to his handling of the aircraft. The pilot cannot make full use of this information, however, unless it is presented in correct relationship with other data derived from his simulated environment. The paper traces the development of environmental simulation, with particular reference to control loading, fuselage movement and visual systems