Case Report A right-hand dominant 10-year-old boy fell onto his outstretched hand and twisted his left elbow while jumping over a drain. He was only seen four days after the injury and presented with a swollen left elbow with a severely limited range of motion. There was no pain or tenderness over the distal forearm or wrist. There were no associated open wounds or neurovascular defi cits. Radiographs revealed disruption of the radiocapitellar joint and a posteriorly displaced proximal radial epiphysis with the capitellum interposed within the fracture site (Fig. 1a). Surgery was undertaken through a posterolateral approach to the elbow where the free-fl oating radial head, devoid of An Unexpected Outcome following Radial Head Excision for Jeffrey Type II Fracture-Dislocation of the Proximal Radius in a Child


In this paper, a new nonlinear double-arm optical tweezer combining Mach-Zenhder interferometer, objective lens and organic dye layer is proposed. Based on the ray-optical and wave optical approximations, the expression describing the separation of two trap centers and laser intensity distribution is derived. The obtained results show that the separation between two trap centers, the laser intensity distribution, trap region's area and optical trap efficiency can be controlled by tuning laser power. The proposed model is seen to be a double-arm optical tweezer for controlling 3D microsphere by optical method.


Since its beginning, more than 15.000 patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) have been enrolled into the multicentre randomized trials of the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG). Within 4 study generations the treatment of HL has been developed stepwise by using the results of the completed protocols. According to radiotherapy, the study group successfully evaluated different dose-effect relationships and could also prove the efficacy of involved field radiotherapy in early stages in combination with effective chemotherapy. According to the recent final analysis of the HD10 trial for patients with early-favourable HL, a radiation dose of 20 Gy to the involved lymph node areas preceded by short-term chemotherapy (ABVD x 2) is the standard for these patients. An extensive radiotherapy quality assurance program, performed by the GHSG radiotherapy reference centre in Cologne, has proven to be successful and necessary to ensure that with reduced radiation doses and volumes a precise treatment, as defined by the protocol, can be performed by the participating radiotherapy departments.


In this essay, composer Joachim Heintz presents his ideas and pedagogical strategies on teaching electronic music composition, specially within the current model found in universities around the globe. One of the important aspects investigated by Heintz is the complexity between teaching music composition and programming / instrument design, as well as the roles of professor and student (and what it means today). Through an organic and didactical methodology, Heintz describes his thoughts on teaching electronic music according to the German reality in universities and Hochschule: collective weekly seminar meetings and individual one-hour lessons. [note by editor].


Emile Jaques-Dalcroze believed that since music is a firsthand expression of self, any style of improvisation is acceptable. It can be jazz, rock, ethnic, contemporary, Baroque, Classical, or Romantic. The student should come to music without the teacher's preconceptions. Thus students find music through their own movements, singing, and playing. Improvisation becomes a way of finding music for yourself and by yourself, a discovery rather than an imitation. A sense of discovery takes courage, which is a vital factor and virtue of the improviser. An insistence on the printed page without any studies in improvisation often destroys the courage required to explore. The other drawbacks to the development of courage are our constant pressure to succeed rather than to achieve, to win rather than to experience deeply, and to imitate rather than to create or invent. The third and last part of the Dalcroze method, improvisation, is a result of training in motion (eurythmics) and training in pitch and theory (solf&ge rhythmique). Jaques-Dalcroze's precepts place the


The present invention relates to GDF-15 or means for determining the amount of GDF-15 in the manufacture of use for identifying a subject suffering from a cardiovascular complication of heart failure therapy sensitive diagnostic compositions.


In a number of important cases, antitrust tribunals have intervened in ways that have significantly affected how professional sports are conducted in the United States. This article focuses on 10 important decisions where the courts ruled against sports leagues and will consider whether the public would have been better off with or without antitrust intervention. It is concluded that, in each of these cases, the private ordering challenged by antitrust litigation was not in the public interest. Although in many of the cases an optimal result would be some middle ground between the status quo and the demands of the antitrust plaintiff, in all cases, an optimal result was encouraged or facilitated by intervention.


Abstract : Significant aspects of plain concrete behavior under large dynamic loading were identified and used to evaluate current concrete models. Since the endochronic and viscoplastic models provide satisfactory descriptions of many significant features of concrete behavior, they were chosen for detailed study. Both models compared well with existing experimental data. To illustrate that both models were operational and that numerical analyses could be performed, a preliminary finite element analysis was performed for a beam column with a monotonically increasing lateral displacement as a loading function. This fundamental work establishes the foundation for a development effort that addresses the problems of steel-concrete interaction, rate effects, and the analysis of reinforced concrete structures.


Petrographic-mineralogic analyses have been combined with petrophysical information derived from wireline logs, as part of an investigation of geological and engineering characteristics of the West Sak and Ugnu (Brookian) stratigraphic intervals in several wells in the central portion of the Alaskan Northslope. The strata are semi- to unconsolidated clastics - sand, silt, clay in size - 'cemented' by viscous (API gravity 8{degree} to 22{degree}) hydrocarbon material. This presents serious problems in terms of sample integrity during borehole recovery and subsequent storage, transportation, and sample preparation. Textural relationships in thin section are often problematic with respect to original relationships in the undisturbed subsurface. In-situ analyses - e.g., wireline logs -represent the potentially most useful means of elucidating petrophysical-engineering properties of concern to drilling, completion, and production. Petrographic-mineralogic analysis of sample materials, as feasible, is essential for rigorous application of such in-situ techniques. The present work confirms the heterogeneous nature of the West Sak and Ugnu intervals, with frequent, often substantial proportions of silt-clay size materials associated intimately within, and/or interbedded with, coarser grained reservoir intervals. Major intervals with moderate-good reservoir properties are recognized, as well as significant intervals ranging from relatively poor reservoir quality to good seal quality materials. Hydrocarbon productionmore » will undoubtedly require enhanced recovery techniques, hence thorough, detailed reservoir/nonreservoir characterization will be imperative to achieve viable efficiency.« less


Traditional sedimentation tanks are massive structures that needs require extensive detention times to allow the separation of particles from suspension by gravity. Many researchers have proposed methods of enhancing sedimentation efficiency, including changing the geometry of tanks by installing barriers at the bottom of the basin, in order to reduce demand for chemical processes, which require trained operators to determine the appropriate doses of coagulants. The aim of the current research was make the flow route longer and to distribute suspension over various sedimentation tank compartments in order to increase residence time and thus enhance sedimentation, with effects judges based on calculating the turbidity, density, and viscosity, Froude number (Fr), Reynolds number (Re), settling velocity (vs), detention time (D.T.), height of sludge (hs), and sediment removal. The theoretical aspects were supported by the collection of practical results through laboratory testing that showed that the best Fr, Re, and hs occurred in zone 3, where the opening height of the central baffle created a short-circuit that scoured the deposited particle, while the best turbidity removal occurred with the smallest discharge. The evidence overall suggested that adding both lower and upper baffles improves the performance of sedimentation tanks because this arrangement achieves two essential goals: lengthening the track and damping or calming the flow within the settling zone; however, this only occurs if the vertical upper baffle is situated in a suitable location.


Nanocarbons represented especially by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene have been of great interest during the last two decades, both from a fundamental point of view and for future applications. The most eye-catching features of carbon nanostructures (CNSs) are their electronic, mechanical, optical and chemical characteristics, which open a way for versatile applications. Among those future prospects, actuators are one of the promising technologies. Since 1999 when the first macroscopic actuator containing CNTs was reported, the interest of utilizing these materials as well as other CNSs in active systems has been triggered all over the world. This paper gives a thorough review as well as in-depth descriptions of the many aspects of nanocarbon-based actuators. The review covers aspects of worldwide research and development of nanocarbon ionic actuators up to 2012. Materials which are covered by this review include CNTs and their composites, carbon nanofibres (CNFs), graphene and its derivatives, microporous carbon materials (for example carbide derived carbons (CDCs) and carbon aerogels) as well as the possible combinations of these materials. The considered aspects cover the following fields: synthesis and characterization of the investigated materials, the actuation mechanism as well as modelling and simulation. Applications comprising system integration and device development are also reviewed within this paper.


Need of the reforming the Act of Youth Protection from Sexual Abuse has been steadily raised unconstitutional questions in argument in spite of...


The hydrolysis of soluble proteins in an anaerobic, saline (24 g dm−3 NaCl) and mesophilic (37 °C) environment was studied. The inhibitory effect of a volatile fatty acid, acetic acid (HAc), on the hydrolysis rate and hydrolytic biomass activity for a model saline wastewater with a high protein load (total organic carbon, 1153 mg dm−3 and 1572 mg dm−3 proteins) was studied. Initial inhibitor concentrations were tested in the range of 0–2000 mg dm−3 HAc. The microbiological characterization was performed using a total microorganism count by epifluorescence, and hydrolytic bacterial activity was determined by plate count. The protein hydrolysis was modeled according to first order kinetics. The effect of biomass on hydrolysis was analyzed by varying its concentration in the range of 42–210 mg dm−3 volatile suspended solids. The following apparent hydrolysis kinetic constants (Kh) for proteins at 37 °C were obtained: 1.3, 0.8, 0.6, 0.2 and 0.1 d−1 for initial concentrations of 250, 500, 750, 880, and 1000 mg dm−3 HAc, respectively. At concentrations of HAc greater than 1000 mg dm−3, total inhibition of hydrolysis was observed. The intrinsic hydrolysis constant () at 37 °C, without inhibition, was 2.3 d−1. The hydrolysis kinetic constant was not affected by the biomass concentration. The hydrolysis kinetics constant was filted to three models: Luong, Levenspiel and non-competitive inhibition. The model that best represented the experimental data was Luong, obtaining an inhibition constant (KI) of 1087 mg dm−3 of HAc and the exponent γ = 0.54. The hydrolysis was inhibited by the presence of HAc, which corresponds to an intermediate compound of the anaerobic process. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry


The trend of population aging encourages a search for workable interventions to support older adults in aging successfully. Yet, the question remains: how can successful aging best be approached in interventions and policy? There is an increasing awareness that aging does not just encompass physical domains, but also social and psychological domains. Additionally, the possible strengths inherent in aging are being recognized, in addition to deficits. Four important models and theories incorporate these new insights: Ryff's model of Psychological Well-Being, the model of Selection, Optimization and Compensation, the Motivational Theory of Life-span Development, and the theory of Self-Management of Well-being. These models each add to a deeper understanding of aging well. However, the SMW theory is especially usable in interventions, because it is the most explicit about potential criteria of 'success' and it specifies concrete self-management abilities that – when explicitly linked to basic human physical and social needs – support successful aging. Interventions, based on the SMW theory, are discussed with respect to their applications in social and health care settings.


Firstly we selected typical site soil models of Bohai Sea,and we constructed a series of new soil models by changing thickness of soft surface soil. Secondly we used equivalent linear method to compute site seismic response and obtained response spectra of these new models. Thirdly we analyzed the influence of soft surface soil's thickness on site response spectra. The results show that:( 1) With the increase of thickness of soft surface soil,the response spectrum moves toward low frequency.( 2) When thickness of soft surface soil or the input seismic acceleration is small,the response spectrum's values at most frequencies will increase. When thickness of soft surface soil or the input seismic acceleration becomes bigger,the response spectrum will decreases at high frequencies and increases at low frequencies.( 3) With the increase of the thickness of soft surface soil,characteristic period will increases gradually,the platform value of the response spectrum firstly increases then decreases,decreasing rate slows down with thickness' s increase. For sites in this paper,maximum platform values appear when soft surface soil's thickness is around 4 ~ 6 m.


A tunable all-optical microwave oscillator, which has no electrical microwave devices as well as photoelectric conversion and electro-optic modulation, is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In this scheme, a distributed-feedback laser diode is utilized to be a light source and create a seed microwave signal from the period-one (P1) oscillation by a self-delayed optical feedback injection. A semiconductor optical amplifier-based all-optical feedback loop is introduced to perform optical–optical feedback modulation and mode selection. Meanwhile, a short fiber loop is coupled to further suppress the residual side modes. In the experiment, single-mode microwave photonic signals with good quality are obtained, whose frequencies can be tuned from 6.10 to 15.59 GHz by adjusting the optical feedback ratio. The measured single-sideband phase noise is −89 dBc/Hz at 10-kHz offset from a carrier of 10.98 GHz.


Current design and analysis methods for multi-layer pavements are based on certain critical stresses, strains and displacements which should not exceed specified limits if pavement failure is to be avoided. For example, maximum vertical strain has been used as a criterion of subgrade behavior, and maximum tensile strain as a criterion of the behavior of surface layers composed of bituminous mixes. In this paper the elastic theory is used to predict the magnitude of these critical stresses, strains and displacements and the results are presented in a graphical form that allows rapid assessment of the effects of the variables involved, i.e. the elastic properties and geometry of the three layers, loadings in the form of single wheel and dual tandem wheel assemblies, and load types including vertical forces, horizontal forces and gripping stresses. In addition the plots presented provide a convenient method of pavement design and analysis based on assumed criteria of pavement performance.


We investigate characteristics of the modulator and classify the modulation regions to study pulse-amplitude equalization (PAE) of a rational-harmonically mode-locked fiber ring laser pulses. PAE was accomplished experimentally in a polarization-maintaining laser resonator simply by optimizing the modulator driving power without any additional devices, and stable pulse-amplitude-equalized pulses were obtained in the monotonic region of the modulator at repetition rates of 20 GH, 30 GH, and 40 GH.


Back pain is a very common discomfort during pregnancy The reasons are weight gain, expanding sacroiliac joints and Mal-position of the fetus1. The present study aimed to compare the effect of back stretch exercise versus pelvic tilt on the backache among antenatal mothers in selected hospitals of Pune. Pre experimental two group pretest and post test design was used for the study for 30 antenatal mothers with the back pain in selected multi specialty hospital. To select the samples Non-Probability purposive sampling technique was used. After Pretest both exercises were taught to different samples and the post test was carried out after 7 days. Result shows that back stretch exercises were more effective than the pelvic tilt exercise.


Food quality detection is an important method for ensuring food safety. Efficient quality detection methods can improve the efficiency of food circulation and reduce storage and labor costs. Traditional methods use instrumentation, testing reagents, or manual labor. These methods take a long time to detect, are time-consuming and labor-intensive, and require professionals to operate. Fruit, as a high-value food that provides essential nutrition for human beings, is susceptible to spoilage during packaging, transportation, and sales, so the freshness and safety assurance of fruit are a hot and difficult area of current research. Therefore, for the detection of fruit freshness, this paper proposes an efficient and nondestructive way to detect fruit freshness by using the machine learning algorithm convolutional neural network (CNN). This paper shows that convolutional neural networks have good performance in identifying the freshness of fruits through extensive experimental results and discusses the overfitting of machine learning based on the experimental results.


Abstract Females of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), show a strong mating preference for males that have fed previously on methyl eugenol, a compound occurring naturally in various plant families. The current study compared fecundity and fertility (proportion of eggs hatching) of individual females mated to methyl eugenol-deprived males (control) or methyl eugenol-fed males (treated). Based on data collected over an 8-wk period, no differences were detected in female survival, fecundity, or fertility between females mated to control or treated males. In a second experiment, female remating frequency was monitored, and the fecundity of singly versus multiply mated females was compared. Approximately 50% of females remated over 8 wk, and multiple maters laid significantly more eggs than did single maters. Possible explanations for the female preference for methyl eugenol-fed males and the difference in fecundity observed between singly and multiply mated females are discussed.


As a layered p‐type semiconductor with a wide bandgap of 2.7 eV, GeSe2 can compensate for the rarity of p‐type semiconductors, which are desired for the production of high‐integration logic circuits with low power consumption. Herein, ultrathin 2D single crystals of β‐GeSe2 are produced using van der Waals epitaxy and halide assistance; each crystalline flake is ≈7 nm thick and shaped as a rhombus. The optical and electrical properties of the flakes are studied systematically, and the temperature‐dependent Raman spectra of the flakes reveal that the intensity of the Raman peaks decrease with increasing temperature. Low‐temperature electrical measurements suggest that the variable‐range hopping model is best for describing the electrical transport at 20–180 K; meanwhile, optical‐phonon‐assisted hopping can account for the transport behavior at 180–460 K. Impressively, the angle‐resolved polarized Raman measurements indicate strong in‐plane anisotropy of the rhombic GeSe2 flake under a parallel polarization configuration, which may result from the low symmetry of the monoclinic crystal structure of GeSe2. Furthermore, a photodetector based on a rhombic GeSe2 flake is constructed and shown to exhibit a high responsivity of 2.5 A W−1 and a fast response of ≈0.2 s.


This is the last regular unthemed edition of Green Letters. While, as this collection will show, we receive diverse unsolicited submissions of high quality, our special editions have proven so popular with authors, editors and readers that we have decided to publish unthemed editions irregularly henceforth. Already guest-edited special editions are being prepared on biosemiotics and the ecology of labour. A new feature in this number is the inclusion of an artist's statement that discusses the cover image. Finnish photographer Terhi Asumaniemi's 'The Last Three of the Pack,' a haunting image printed on plywood, resists identification as 'nature photography' by constituting the viewer herself as the unseen third, along with the two wolves shown in the full-size image. Where appropriate, we will make the most of the pictures that adorn the journal by including short discussions by the artist. The first full-length article, penned by our invaluable editorial assistant and sometime guest editor Pippa Marland, is the winner of the ASLE-UKI essay prize. In 'The gannet's skull versus the plastic doll's head,' Marland brings material ecocriticism to bear on Kathleen Jamie's Findings. Drawing on Jane Bennett's influential notion of 'vibrant matter,' Marland considers the uncanny material agencies of the plastic waste Jamie discovers on a remote Scottish beach. Rather than merely applying materialist concepts to her chosen example of nature writing, though, Marland also questions the theoretical framework, asking what becomes of human responsibility once we decentre agency and postpone hierarchies of subject and object as Bennett recommends. In his essay on Lord of the Rings and Beowulf, Rod Giblett extends his innovative analysis in Postmodern Wetlands. He also continues the important work, begun by Patrick Curry, of ecocritical engagement with Tolkien. Unlike Curry, though, Giblett reads Tolkien as largely conservative rather than conservationist. He locates the source of the hostility to soggy landscapes in Lord of the Rings in the author's personal experience of Flanders mud, but also in Tolkien's reading of medieval and earlier sources. Contrasting Tolkien with Paul Kingsnorth's The Wake, Giblett seeks to challenge unreflective demonisation of wetlands. Green Letters has published a special edition on postcolonial ecocriticism, as well as a number of individual essays. Paul Ferguson's 'Me Eatee Him Up' brings Robinson Crusoe and Cloud Atlas, David Mitchell's exceedingly popular collage of dystopian and post-apocalyptic fictions, into a productive relationship that shows how the recent novel critically and self-consciously extends Defoe's treatment of 'colonial adventures.' Ferguson shows how Robinson Crusoe equivocates crucially between consumption of human and animal flesh, an analogy that is picked up in 'An Orison of Somni-451,' one of the dystopian narratives nested in Cloud Atlas, as the horrific recycling of fabricant body parts harvested from their fellows. Both novels can therefore be considered critiques of consumption, albeit with quite different degrees of self-awareness. In the first of two essays on ecopoetics, Rowan Middleton reads Alice Oswald's wonderful long poem Dart as a bricolage that negotiates between local and global at the level of poetic form. In Middleton's account, Oswald's technique resembles Heise's praise Green Letters: Studies in Ecocriticism, 2015 Vol. 19, No. 2, 115–116, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14688417.2015.1024028


The paper reports on the design and fabrication of LPE-grown (formula available in paper) heterojunction photodetectors operating in the 2-2.4 micrometers wavelength region. Experiments on LPE growth of high-x- content quaternaries as well as optimization of device processing has been carried out. LPE growth at Tapproximately equals 530DEGC enabled obtaining lattice matched heterostructures with 19% indium in the active layer In (formula available in paper) and photodetectors with (lambda) co=2.25micrometers . By increasing the temperature of epitaxial growth to 590DEGC In (formula available in paper)heterostructures (with 23%indium content suitable for photodetectors with (lambda) co=2.35 micrometers have been obtained. Mesa-type photodiodes were fabricated by RIE in Ccl (formula available in paper) plasma and passivated electrochemically in (formula available in paper). These devices are characterized by differential resistance up to (formula available in paper) and the detectivity in the range (formula available in paper), in dependence on the photodiode active area cutoff wavelength.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to precise the circumstances of the failure of coronary artery bypass graft by internal thoracic artery (ITA).

METHODS
It was a retrospective study which compared angiographic results between several techniques of ITA graft; 512 coronary artery bypass graft have been realized on 302 patients: 115 single left ITA grafts, 78 sequential left ITA grafts, 48 bilateral pedicled ITA grafts, 61 bilateral ITA Y grafts. The mean interval between operation and reangiography was 17.3 months (s = 4.1 months). Graft failures were occluded and non functioning ITA grafts (threadlike ITA).

RESULTS
There were 11 occluded grafts (2%) and 19 non functionning grafts (4%). There was no difference of failure rate between the 4 techniques of ITA grafts (p > 0.05). The failure rate for right ITA grafts 13% was higher than for the left ITA grafts 4% (p < 0.001). The failure rate for obtuse marginal branch grafts 13% was higher than for left anterior descending artery grafts 3% (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION
The extended use of ITA doesn't increase the risk of graft failure rate. The patency of obtuse marginal branch ITA graft is less than the patency of left anterior descending artery or diagonal branch ITA grafts.


Civilian cases of traumatic brain injury (TBI) account for more than 50,000 deaths annually and represent about 50% of deaths attributed to physical injury. These injuries are a significant medical and socioeconomic burden and represent one of the leading public health problems in the United States. However, thanks to injury prevention and changes in hospital admission practices, a decline of almost 50% in civilian hospitalizations for TBI has been observed since 1980, with many patients now treated on an outpatient basis.


BACKGROUND
Acute osteomyelitis in neonates is uncommon and compartment syndrome complicating this condition is rare.

METHOD
The evaluation of a 4-week old female neonate who presented with compartment syndrome of the right forearm following an acute osteomyelitis of the right radius is presented.

RESULT
The patient had a full recovery with emergency fasciotomy and antibiotics therapy.

CONCLUSION
A high index of suscipion is needed to recognize this limb and life-threatening complication, specially in neonates and infants. Prompt surgical intervention is necessary for the best clinical outcome.


In contrast to p‐dopants, highly efficient molecular n‐dopants are prone to degradation in air due to their low ionization potentials, limiting the processing conditions of doped functional organic devices. In this contribution, we investigate the air‐stability of pure films of the n‐dopant tetrakis(1,3,4,6,7,8‐hexahydro‐2H‐pyrimido[1,2‐a]pyrimidinato)ditungsten(II) ( W2(hpp)4 ) and of C60 layers doped by W2(hpp)4 . We find that 1/3 of the initial conductivity of the doped C60 thin films can be restored by thermal annealing in vacuum after a drop by 5 orders of magnitude upon air exposure. Furthermore, we show by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and Seebeck measurements that the Fermi level shift toward the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of C60 remains after air exposure, clearly indicating a conservation of n‐doping. We explain these findings by a down‐shift of the W2(hpp)4 energy levels upon charge‐transfer to a host material with deeper lying energy‐levels, facilitating a protection against oxidation in air. Consequently, the observed recovery of the conductivity can be understood in terms of a self‐passivation of the molecular n‐doping. Hence, an application of highly efficient n‐doped thin films in functional organic devices handled even under ambient conditions during fabrication is feasible.


We propose that the anomalous spin susceptibility {chi}{sub {ital s}}({ital T}) and specific heat {ital C}{sub {ital V}}({ital T}) in the high-{ital T}{sub {ital c}} cuprates have origin in a {ital nondegenerate} electron component. This arises when the chemical potential {mu} is tuned near the top of a two-dimensional band submerged just below the Fermi surface. The important role of the charge reservoir is also taken into account. The model predicts a {ital scaling} in {chi}{sub {ital s}}({ital T}) and {ital C}{sub {ital V}}({ital T}) of bilayer cuprates. We demonstrate this scaling in the {chi}{sub {ital s}}({ital T},{ital x}) data on TlSr{sub 2}(Lu{sub 1{minus}{ital x}}Ca{sub {ital x}})Cu{sub 2}O{sub {ital y}}. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}


We have previously reported in 36 newborn dogs-with mechanically fixed ventilation that when HCO3− is infused, PaCO2 increases, pH is not affected and PaO2 decreases significantly, in this study, HCO3− was infused in 71 spontaneously breathing newborn dogs 0 to 22 days of age. Group A dogs (n=39) were breathing against an air way resistance and large dead space resulting in respiratory and metabolic acidosis. Group B dogs (n=32) were normally ventilating. Each group was subdivided into three subgroups. Groups AI (n=11) & BI (n=9) received 2 meq/kg of HCO3− rapidly over 3 min, Groups AII (n=19) & BII (n=13) received the same dosage slowly over 3 hrs, and Groups AIII (n=9) & BIII (n=10) served as controls and received no treatment. Within 1-3 minutes following HCO3− Group BI raised their blood pH by .07±.006 units and the pH remained elevated for 90 min. The restricted Group (AI) had a smaller (p<.05) rise in pH (.04±.007 units) and this rise was dissipated in 30 min. PaCO2 rose by 10±2 Torr in AI pups (p<.01) but not in BI dogs. Base excess rose similarly in both groups. Slow infusion of bicarbonate (subgroup II) had negligible effects on pH and PCO2 in both groups of animals similar to that for the control experiments (subgroup III). Thus, when ventilation is restricted rapid infusion of bicarbonate does not increase pH as much as when ventilation is normal since the CO2 produced by the dehydration of HCO3− cannot be eliminated. These results question the use and efficacy of rapid HCO3− infusion in infants whose ventilation is restricted.


Summary

Raptorial birds which depend on a small number of prey species, especially those living in open habitats in the tundra, semi-desert and desert belts of the Palaearctic, undergo local fluctuations in numbers which are synchronous with the fluctuations in numbers of their main prey species. In this they contrast with the asynchronous or lagging type of predator-prey oscillation which has received wider attention in the literature.

Evidence from ringing recoveries shows that the species which fluctuate locally in synchrony with their prey tend to move greater distances from their birth-place or previous breeding place than those with more stable populations. The former species also tend to be split into fewer sub-specifically distinct forms than the latter. It is argued that the species which are subject to a fluctuating food supply have evolved, as an important adaptation, the ability to undertake more or less extensive 'searching migrations', which enable them to find and settle in areas of adequate food supply, often far removed from the previous breeding area. In the longer evolutionary aspect, this ability may be a factor promoting food specialization.

The synchronous population fluctuations of raptorial birds with their prey are compared with the asynchronous or lagging oscillations of carnivorous mammals.


Abstract In this article, we discuss about various Tellurium-based solar cells. Mainly this analysis focuses on the CdTe solar cells. The latest development in this area is incorporated in great detail. Te doping in various other solar cells is also discussed in the last part of the article.


The biofertilizer prepared from biodegradable house-hold wastes has been found to be high quality nutrient supplier to crop plants. Such biofertilizers with addition of dried and powdered leaves of certain medicinal plants have been transformed into herbal biofertilizers which have also been shown to have additional quality to control soil-borne pathogens. The medicinal plants, cultivated using the chemical fertilizers and pesticides, have shown to reduce of quality of alkaloids and phytochemicals. Therefore, there is a potential need to use herbal based biofertilizers for medicinal plant cultivation for harvesting high quality pharmacentical ingredients in high quantity.


While it made sense for historical reasons to develop different interfaces and protocols for memory channels, CPU to CPU interactions, and I/O devices, ongoing developments in the computer industry are leading to more converged requirements and physical implementations for these interconnects. As it becomes increasingly common for advanced components to contain a variety of computational devices as well as memory, the distinction between processors, memory, accelerators, and I/O devices become s increasingly blur red. As a result, the interface requirements among such components are converging. There is also a wide range of new disruptive technologies that will impact the computer market in the coming years , including 3D integration and emerging NVRAM memory. Optimal exploitation of these technologies cannot be done with the existing memory , storage, and I/O interface standards. The computer industry has historically made major advances when industry players have been able to add innovation behind a standard interface. The standard interface provides a large market for their products and enable s relatively quick and widespread adoption. To enable a new wave of innovation in the form of advanced memory products and accelerators, we need a new standard interface explicitly design ed to provide both the performancemore » and flexibility to support new system integration solutions.« less


Existing Lexical Punctuation Prediction methods are mainly trained on the standard clean data while losing the generalization in practical automatic speech recognition (ASR) system with ubiquitous transcription errors. To bridge the gap between clean training data and noisy testing data, we propose three random (3R) data augmentation strategies: random word deletion (RWD), random word substitution (RWS), and random phoneme edition (RPE) in both word and phoneme levels on the training dataset. Specifically, we contribute an acoustically similar vocabulary with phoneme level editions for acoustically similar word substitution. In addition, we first introduce the RoBERTa-large model into a punctuation prediction task to capture the semantics and the long-distance dependencies in language. Extensive experiments on the English dataset IWSLT2011 yield to a new state-of-the-art comparing to the prevalent punctuation prediction methods.


Stress relaxation data were obtained in tension tests using the vibrating string technique (measuring the resonance frequency) in spring steel wire of ASTM Grade A 228 (also known as music wire). The steel wire of 0.56 mm diameter had a 0.29% offset tensile yield strength of 1689 MPa. Tests were conducted at low temperatures in the range of 23 to 140°C, and at initial stress levels of up to 75% of the 0.20% offset yield strength of the wire. The test duration was to 4000 h at 23°C and to 100 h at temperatures to 140°C. The test results indicate a faster rate of stress relaxation during the early stage of stress relaxation, and subsequently a slower rate of stress relaxation rate with increasing time, as is usually observed. An empirical equation has been determined that fits the experimental data very well under the given test conditions.


Market effects attributable to informational programs are the difference between the extent to which the identified market barriers would have prevailed if the program had not been offered and the extent to which market barriers exist with the program in place. To help distinguish informational program-induced changes in customers' perceptions of market barriers from what would have naturally happened, discrete choice models are used to stimulate market barriers perceived by exposed customers are compared with a comparison group, correcting for the simultaneity of the exposure and market barrier perceptions. Variance of the estimates can be approximated.


Benefit cuts and increasing prices are creating medical debt and bankruptcies. Some consumers respond by avoiding healthcare or abandoning coverage. Their alternative? They don't pay providers.


On January 22, 1973 the Hamburg Superior Court denied a motion for an order by a "split company" of the nationalized former Chilean Company SMETSA for the attachment of a cargo of blister copper "having arrived in Hamburg. This blister copper had been mined in SMETSA's mine El Teniente after the nationalization of SMETSA. The motion was directed against Norddeutsche Affinerie which was to have transformed this blister copper into copper bars on the account of CODELCO, the Chilean state-owned copper company. The latter, purporting to be the owner of the blister copper concerned, intervened on behalf of Norddeutsche Affinerie. In an interlocutory judgment of March 13, 1974 2 on surety for procedural costs in the main suit now pending before it, the same chamber of the Hamburg Superior Court confirmed and elaborated on some of its views in a manner favorable to the plaintiff. In its first and second decision the court held that neither the Act of State doctrine nor arguments drawn from state immunity prevented it from examining the merits of the case." The earlier decision had held that the Chilean nationalization was a violation of the public policy of the Federal Republic of Germany. The nationalization was held to be contrary to international law in that it (1) amounted to a nationalization without appropriate compensation; (2) was discriminatory; (3)was incompatible with the principle pacta sunt servanda; and (4) caused a denial of justice. Nevertheless, the Court denied the motion on account of a lack of significant contacts with the forum. This decision was approved by the first wave of German commentators but met with conflicting criticism as to its reasoning.*


A rat-liver microsomal system in vitro has been used to activate two indirectly acting carcinogens, DMN and DEN. On activation, both compounds were extremely potent in inducing chromosomal aberrations as well as sister chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster cells. The implications of these findings and the potential utility of this technique to detect mutagens/carcinogens are discussed.


The utility model discloses a folder for folding a bicycle, comprising two press plates fixed on two sections of a bicycle frame or a bicycle beam, wherein, side edges of the two press plates are hinged; one of the two press plates has the other side hinged with a locking rod which has the other end hinged with a locking block, the locking block is provided with a locking pin which can be inserted in a concave platform of the locking rod; the locking block is also provided with a locking hook, when the locking pin is inserted in the concave platform, the locking hook can hook the other press plate which is folded with the press plate. Because the locking status of the utility model can be unlocked only by adjusting the locking pin, when a bicyclist rides, no matter which parts of the utility model does a bicyclist touch by accident, even if the touching force may be big, the phenomenon of the folder to be folded suddenly is not caused; moreover, the locking pin is hidden in the locking block; as long as the locking pin does not extend out of the locking block, the accident touch on the locking pin can be avoided.


The case-based reasoning is an important reasoning technology in AI field.Based on the background of quality management system design and implementation,application and characteristic of quality fault processing are analyzed.At last a kind of quality fault processing method is presented,which could overcome the bottleneck of the traditional RBR system that has the difficulty in obtaining and describing knowledge.At the same time,the self-learning ability is greatly improved.


Introduction: Skeletal muscle injuries comprise the greater part of sports-related injuries. Role of growth factors in healing of injured tissue encouraged the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP).Aim of the work: We aimed to study the effect of PRP on skeletal muscle injury.Materials & Methods: Forty adult male rats were divided into four equal groups; control and 2, 7, 14 days after the injury. The injured muscles were either treated with PRP or left without treatment. The rats were sacrificed and the muscle specimens were processed for histological and immunohistochemical staining for detection of Anti-MyoD, anti-CD34 and anti TGFβ1 followed by morphometric study.Results: PRP treatment induced initial intense inflammatory response with neutrophils and macrophages cell infiltrate subsided in the 7th day. When compared to untreated groups, PRP treated ones showed significant increases in the mean number of regenerating muscle fibers (22.03±4.08) and angiogenesis (10.83±2.46) on the 7th day. The median number of MyoD immunopositive stellate cells showed a significant increase on the 2nd day ,72 (62-78) and then decrease on the 7th day; 28(22-33) to be non significant after 14th days; 4(3-5) of injury. A significant decrease in the mean area % of collagen deposition (2.27±.0.59, 3.68±0.72 and 4.76±0.82) and TGF β1 immunoexpression, medians; 5 (4.20-5.70), 2.50 (2.10-3.50) and 2.30( 1.60-3.20) after 2, 7 and 14 days, respectively, were observed.Conclusions: PRP could exert a promising effect on skeletal muscle injuries via enhancing myogenesis, neovascularization and reduction of fibrosis. Since autologous blood preparations are safe, PRP may serve as a valuable adjunct in management of such injuries.


Using ray theory and assuming iongitudinal propagation conditions, the circumstances in which curvature of the ray is identicai with curvature of the magnetic field are investigated. ln general the two curvatures are only identical if there exists an appropriate transverse gradient of the plasma density. For a given ratio of the wave frequency to the gyrofrequency, and of the plasma frequency to the gyrofrequency, the necessary transverse gradient of plasma density may be calculated as a ratio to the curvature of the magnetic fieid, Curves have been prepared showing, for a wide range of values of the parameters, the transverse gradient of plasma density required to make the ray curvature identical with the field curvature. Of particular interest are the conditions in which no transverse gradient of plasma density is required to make the ray curvature identical with the field curvature. In these circumstances waves are guided by the magnetic field even in a homogeneous piasma. It is found that at hydromagnetic frequencies (wave frequency less than the ionic gyrofrequency) such guiding never occurs. Indeed, at frequencies small compared with the ionic gyrofrequency the ray curvature is equai to the field curvature in magnitude but opposite in sign. Above aboutmore » twice the ionic gyrofrequency, field guiding is possible in a homogeneous piasma for the left-hand wave (O wave) but not for the right-hand wave (X wave), provided that the homogeneous plasma density is adjusted to an appropriate value. (auth)« less


The immune cytopenias are usually the result of a disturbance of humoral immunity, and in the case ofITP, platelet antibodies can frequently be detected. The evidence that certain cases of immune granulocytopenia may result from cell mediated autoimmunity (Bagby et ul, 198 3). encouraged us to treat a case of refractory ITP with cyclosporine. This drug appears to block T-lymphocyte mediated responses by interfering with the function of interleukin-2 (Bendtzen & Peterson, 1982). A 28-year-old man presented in January 1983 with bleeding gums and extensive purpura. In spite of corticosteroid therapy (50 mg/d), he developed a cerebral haemorrhage within 24 h of hospital admission. The blood count showed severe thrombocytopenia: Hb 10.6 g/dl; WBC 12.6 x 109/l; platelets 2 x lOY/l. The bone marrow showed erythroid hyperplasia and an abundance of megakaryocytes. including many immature forms. No platelet antibodies could be detected using an ELISA technique, while laboratory tests for collagen disease were negative. Therapy with high-dose corticosteroids (prednisolone 100 mg/d) was continued; the platelet count rose to 103 x 1 09/1 and the cerebral haemorrhage slowly resolved. Unfortunately the platelet count fell to 5 x 10y/l within 2 weeks despite continuation of steroid therapy. Intravenous high-dose immunoglobulin (Newlands et aJ, 1983) had no effect and a splenectomy was carried out. This led to an improvement in platelet count lasting just 72 h. Subsequently therapy with prednisolone, azathioprine, danazol. plasma exchange and anti-lymphocyte globulin, both alone and in various combinations, have proved of little value. However, an intravenous injection of vincristine 1 mg has repeatedly proved effective, with a reproducible response. The platelet count rises to the normal range within 3-4 d, only to fall back after 7-10 d. A regimen of prednisolone 2 5 mg on alternate days, plus vincristine 1 mg every 10 d or so, has prevented life-threatening haemorrhage for the last 1 9 months, in spite of several periods of profound thrombocytopenia. Epilepsy secondary to cerebral haemorrhage has been controlled with phenytoin. Concern about the long-term effects of vincristine prompted us to seek an alternative approach. A trial of cyclosporine, 10 mg/kg/d in two divided doses, resulted in a slow improvement, initially manifested by a prolongation of the usually transient response to vincristine. After 4 weeks we were able to maintain the platelet count without further vincristine injections, and the steroid dosage has now been reduced to 12.5 mg on alternate days (the smallest dose since the onset of his illness). Cyclosporine plasma levels at the beginning of the treatment period ranged from 200 to 2 50 ng/ml, but for most of the treatment course plasma levels of 25-50 ng/ml were present. The platelet count remained around 100 x 10y/l for over 2 months, but began to fall, despite continued cyclosporine therapy, when further reduction in steroid dosage was attempted.


Pieter Bleeker rose from humble beginnings to become one of the greatest ichthyologists and the most prolific in the IndoPacific. Born in 1819, in a small town just North of Amsterdam, his middle-class family could not afford a higher education for him past the age of 12. However, thanks to an early friendship with a pharmacist who lived in a part of his parental home, he managed to continue his education and became certified, first as a pharmacist and by the age of 22, as a civic surgeon and country doctor. Later in his education, he became more interested in physiology and zoology. He read widely about these subjects in the library of the Museum in Haarlem. He believed that his youthful appearance would preclude him from practising as a physician and since he was feeling more inclined towards natural history than medicine, he applied for a job at the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie in Leiden. After he was told there was no vacancy, he decided to continue his medical studies in Paris for as long as his funds would allow. When he returned after six months, he tried once more in vain to get a job at the Leiden Museum. He then decided to become a medical officer in the East Indian Army as he was still not inclined to settle down as a practising physician.


We consider a political environment with an elite and a populace operating in an economic environment with a productive sector and a rentier sector (e.g. a natural resource sector which produces a constant flow of rents per period). The claim to resource rents of every generation of the elite is a function of the wealth it has inherited from the previous generation. We show that resource booms lead to the consolidation of the power of the elite. In addition, in contrast to the standard Dutch disease result, resource boom results in slower growth rate only if the elite's bequest motive is weak. The theoretical analysis is preceded by an empirical investigation which establishes a positive correlation between natural resource abundance and dictatorship. ∗Ricky Lam is an Assistant Professor of Economics at Northwestern University and Leonard Wantchekon is an Associate Professor of Politics and Economics at New York University. We thank Debbie Wang and especially Katherine Spector for invaluable research assistance. We also thank Ettore Damiano, Geoffrey Garrett, Mathias Hounkpe, Pauline Jones Luong, Alan Stam, Gustav Ranis, Susan Rose-Ackerman, Bruce Russett, Mario Simon and Christopher Udry for useful discussions. Seminar participants at New York University and Yale University provided helpful comments. The usual caveat applies.


A method for analysis of dispersion characteristics of guided optical modes propagating in the optical waveguides with small cross-sections is proposed. The method is based on introduction of a correction factor for a longitudinal wavenumber of propagating modes. The correction factor arises when a cross-section of the basic rectangular waveguide is subjected to perturbation. The electromagnetic field distributions along with the mode longitudinal wavenumber are found by means of variable separation method. The longitudinal wavenumber correction factor is analytically calculated in terms of coupled mode theory. The combined use of the complete set of equations of electrodynamics together with the concept of effective sources gives rise to the correction factor in the form of an intermodal coupling coefficient. It is pointed out that the coupling coefficient consists of two components, namely bulk and surface, owing to accurate account of the electrodynamics boundary conditions. Using the method proposed, the dispersion characteristics of the fundamental modes propagating in the practically employed optical waveguides having a trapezoidal cross-section are calculated. An impact of the waveguide cross-section shape to cladding dielectric constant ratio on the mode dispersion characteristics is analyzed. The necessity to take into consideration an imperfection of the waveguide cross-section in a wide range of operating wavelengths is demonstrated.


With the developing technology, the use of ionizing radiation in many areas such as health, nuclear power plants, medical oncology, industry and technology, contact lenses, and with this, the possibility of exposure to radiation for living creatures increases. One of the basic facts of protection from the harmful effects of radiation is shielding. In this study, gamma and X-ray radiation shielding capabilities of the selected 14 Nibased superalloys (Nimonic 901, Alloy 10, Hastelloy X, Haynes 242, Incoloy 801, Inconel 706, Nasair 100, PWA 1480, X4, Nominal, H282-B, H282-C, 247, MCrAlYHf) were examined and compared with each other. WinXCOM program is used for this. For this, the mass attenuation coefficient (μρ), half-value thickness layer (HVL), effective atomic number (Zeff), and electron density (Nel) which are important parameters in shielding γ and X rays, were calculated for the alloys studied in the energy range between 1 keV and 100 GeV In addition, photon build-up factor is an important parameter in shielding and radiation dose calculations. For this reason, the exposure buildup factors (EBF) of Ni-based superalloys were obtained in the energy range of 0.015–15 MeV for different penetration depths (1-40 mfp). For X4 and PWA 1480 superalloys, μρ values are found as 74.71 cm/gKaradoğan, Z. I., Özdemir, Y.,Kavaz, E. ECJSE 2021 (2) 552-566 553 5 5 3 0.033 cm 2 /g and 74.50 cm 2 /g-0.033 cm 2 /g, respectively for 0.015 and 15 MeV photon energies, while Zeff values vary between 35.135-32.322 and 35.013-32.221. The μρ values and Zeff values for MCrAlYHf alloy range from 56.79 cm 2 /g -0.031 cm 2 /g and 25.867-26.686, respectively. As a result, among the selected samples, nickel-based X4 and PWA 1480 superalloys have the largest μρ and Zeff, values, while the smallest HVL and EBF values. In this case, considering all energy regions, all of the calculated parameters depend on the elemental composition of the samples. Accordingly, it can be said that X4, PWA1480 superalloys have the highest radiation absorption capability among Ni-based superalloys and has superior radiation absorption capability than many armor materials currently used.


Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of TCM differentiation of signs and symptoms on chronic idiopathic granulocytopenia. Methods One hundred and twenty patients with chronic idiopathic granulocytopenia were randomly divided into two groups.60 patients in treatment group were classified into two types according to TCM differentiation of sings and symptoms and treated by different prescriptions; the other 60 patients in control group were treated by western medicines including leucogen and Vitamin B4. Results The total effective rate (88.33%) in treatment group was significantly higher than that (46.67%) in control group(P0.001).Conclusion TCM differentiation of signs and symptoms has an obvious therapeutic effect on chronic idiopathic granulocytopenia.


Pedestrians navigating in an unfamiliar environment need information support. In this contribution we present the results of a comparison between a formal model of the information needs and typical available data sets. We will show how far applying available data can satisfy information needs and where the limitations are.


Weeds are a mostly belligerent redundant plant that grows
in superfluous places, upheaval the crop sociability and cause
wastage of natural resources and loss in yield


From the Publisher:
Add special effects to photos — no experience required
Check out the full-color examples inside
Get up to speed fast and have some fun with photos If you've got PhotoDeluxe on your computer but don't quite know how to use it, you've come to the right place. This friendly guide shows you step-by-step how to harness the PhotoDeluxe image-editing tools — and turn out flawless family photos and eye-popping pics for multimedia and the Web.
Discover how to: Understand image-editing basics Correct red-eye and other photo flaws Have fun with painting, layers, and filters Create cool special effects Put your images online — and even on a T-shirt
The Dummies Way™ Explanations in plain English "Get in, get out" information Icons and other navigational aids Tear-out cheat sheet Top ten lists A dash of humor and fun
Get smart! Register to win cool prizes Browse exclusive articles and excerpts Get a free Dummies Daily™ e-mail newsletter Chat with authors and preview other books Talk to us, ask questions, get answers


Self-regulated Learning ,as one of three major learning a pproaches which the new curriculum reform advocated ,was established ,however, in the moment of theircl assroom teaching ,there are different degrees of lost on its education idea. There are the pursuing the subject of students, losing the lead of teachers ,the pursuing the form of Self-regulated Learning, losing the nature of it, pursuing all the students development ,losing the special development ,pursuing the external motives ,losing the internal motives ,pursuing the independent ,the cooperation .They are impede the effective implementation of Se lf-regulated Learning. Therefore, to return the idea of Self-regulated Learning and achieve innovation of students and the purpose of practical ability ,we need the teacher's guide to promote the subject of students ,we need kinds of form to load with the nature ,we need all the students developed to lead the special developed ,we need external motives of Self-regulated Learning to help internal motives ,we need cooperation to make up independent.


Mirco-Blog(Twitter) is becoming a major source for producing and spreading hot events on the internet,in that it provides a short and convenient way for users to express and share their attitudes instantly.To detect the hot events on the Micro-Blog platform,this paper discloses find that the emergences of hot events will increase the number of emotion words and change their distribution.Accordingly,an emotion distribution language model is proposed to analyze the differences between adjacent time interval to find the hot events.Experiment results show that the method proposed can detect hot events in Mirco-Blog platform effectively,facilitating the management and monitoring of the hot events in Mirco-Blog platform.


In this paper we investigate mixed sums of squares and triangular numbers. By means of q-series, we prove that any natural number n can be written as x + (2y) + Tz with x, y, z ∈ Z and Tz = z(z + 1)/2, this is stronger than a conjecture of Chen. Also, we can express n in any of the following forms: x + 2y + Tz , x 2 + 2y + 2Tz , x 2 + 2y + 4Tz , x 2 + 4y + 2Tz , 2x + 2y + Tz , x 2 + 2Ty + 2Tz , x 2 + 4Ty + Tz , x 2 + 4Ty + 2Tz , 2x + Ty + Tz , 2x 2 + 2Ty + Tz , 2x 2 + 4Ty + Tz , Tx + 4Ty + Tz , 2Tx + 2Ty + Tz , 2Tx + 4Ty + Tz . Concerning the converse we establish several theorems and make some conjectures.


Thin films of tin (Sn) of varying thicknesses have been deposited on glass substrates in a vacuum. After annealing, thin films of tin were heated in an air forms tin oxide (SnO2) films. The electrical resistances as well as conductivity of the films have been measured. The electrical resistance and conductivity are the functions of thickness and temperature of films. SnO2 thin films show effect of annealing temperature and thickness. The activation energy has been calculated as function of thickness for low and high temperature regions. From energy of activation, conduction mechanisms have been predicted.


The purpose of this article is to present the adaptation of the Brief Resilience Scale developed by Smith et al. to the Romanian language. The scale was applied in two different samples at different times. In the first study, conducted on a sample composed of 198 military students, factor analysis revealed the presence of a single factor, weakly charged with five of the six items of the scale.The internal validity coefficient of the scale is low, but convergent validity is well supported by strong correlations between the level of resilience and other measured constructs (perceived stress, self- efficacy  and  self-regulation).  In  the  second  study, conducted on one sample made up of 166 employees in the Romanian military system, all items satisfactorily loaded on a single factor and Cronbach's alpha value indicated good internal consistency of the scale.The staff resilience level was positively correlated with skill use and social support at work and negatively with perceived   stress.   The   t-test   highlighted   a   strong association between professional status of respondents and   their   level   of   resilience,   military   personnel obtaining higher average than civilian personnel as well as a weak association between the respondents' gender and their level of resilience, men achieving  higher average than women. Students have lower resilience scores than staff whilst also reporting higher stress levels.  Although  BRS  did  not  prove  satisfactory psychometric  properties  for  the  sample  of  military students, it proved suitable for the sample of employees of the Romanian military system.


Objective: To decrease the injury to the premature neonatal in cesarean section. Methods: En Caule cesarean section were performed in 36 cases of preterm labor. Among them, 3 are between 29 and 31 gestational weeks, 18 are between 32 and 34 gestational weeks and 15 are between 35 and 36 gestational weeks. En Caule CS was compared with low segment CS when gestational age s less than 35 week. Results: Among 36 cases of En Caule CS, 25 cases succeeded and 11 cases failed. The successful rate is 69.44%. There are significant differences between the successful cases and the failed cases in the amount of amniotic fluid, the body weight and gestational age of neonatals(P0.05). When the amniotic fluid is less than 1000ml, the newborn body weight is more than 2000g and the gestational age is more than 34 weeks, the sussessful rate is low. 19 cases of En Caule CS performed on the patients whose gestational ages are less than 34 week are compared with 15 cases of low segment CS. There are no significant differences between them in the duration from anesthetic onset to fetal delivery, the amount of amniotic fluid, the newborn body weight and Apgar score(1min and 5min)(P0.05). However,for En Caule CS, neonatal asphyxia occurred in 5 cases. All of them are mild asphyxia. The incidence is 26.32%. For low segment CS neonatal asphyxia occurred in 8 cases, among which 5 are mild asphyxia and 3 are severe asphyxia. The incidence is 53.33%. The difference between En Caule CS and low segment CS is significant(P0.05). Conclusion: For preterm labor low-bith weight infant,especially very-low-weight neonatals, the En Caule CS tends to succeed and can reduce the neonatal morbidity.


The well-known binomial and trinomial tree models for option pricing are examined from the point of view of numerical efficiency. Common lattices use a large part of time resources for calculations which are almost irrelevant for the solution. To avoid this waste of resources, the tree is reduced to a "lean" form which yields the same order of convergence, but with a reduction of numerical effort. In numerical tests it is shown that the proposed method leads to a significant improvement in real calculation time without loss of accuracy for a broad class of derivatives.


For many generations Germany played a leading role in medicine and criminology. In recent years German criminologists have made serious attempts to overcome the tragic scientific decline and rift with the AngloSaxon world due to Nazism and the aftermath of the war. This volume contains over 30 articles, mainly by German and Austrian authors. The general level is good; some articles are excellent, but a few are curiously dated. &dquo;Disease&dquo; is too vague a notion for a chapter; some of the psychiatric views belong to the i 9th century. The most dubious one is the article on Kriminalbiologie (criminal biology), a concept formulated in 1927 by the Austrian Lenz. The hotch-potch of genetics, biochemistry, the clinical manifestations of overwork and a host of other unrelated


With the intention of supporting small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) managers improve their environmental and social performance, a steadily growing body of research proposes the application of various sustainability management tools, ranging from environmental audits, management systems and sustainability reports, and standards, e.g. UN Global Compact and Global Reporting Initiative. However, the application and long-term use of formal tools and standards is not self-evident for a majority SMEs. This paper builds upon prior research in this small but growing field. Taken from results of a recent survey with 1,000 SME managers, it investigates the applicability of 36 sustainability management tools. In particular, it examines the rates of awareness, rates of application, managers' perceived effects from application and facilitating attributes of multiple tools. Even though the rates of awareness and application are low for most tools, a positive correlation exists between these two variables. Furtherm...


The mid-Tertiary Latir volcanic field in northern New Mexico comprises intermediate-composition volcanics overlain by a regional ash flow sheet and associated lavas of rhyolitic composition that are all cut by silicic-alkalic granitic intrusives. Deeply exposed along the eastern flank of the Rio Grande rift, the silicic extrusive and intrusive rocks all yield radiometric ages of about 23 m.y., within analytical uncertainties. Flow banding and eutaxitic structures within the extrusive units indicate intense structural deformation, which for the most part increases toward the Questa caldera. Paleomagnetic study was undertaken to obtain information on the orientations of the eruptive and intrusive units and to employ the magnetic directions for an evaluation of the tectonic and igneous history of the caldera and enclosing volcanic field. Radiometric ages and the paleomagnetic data indicate that an episode of pronounced extension coincided with a major pulse of igneous activity in the region 23 m.y. ago. Eastward tilting of the volcanic units appears to have been closely followed by caldera collapse and then by resurgent doming of the caldera. Welded tuff units within the caldera were turned on end and together with older volcanic units were incorporated in a collapse megabreccia. The megabreccia and other nearby units were partially or entirely overprinted by a thermochemical aureole associated with the resurgent doming and attendant hydrothermal circulation. The stocks of the resurgent dome appear to have undergone no significant later tilting.


Abstract: The aim of research to find out the factors related to the performance of health workers in ANC Integrated in Blitar. This study is a qualitative research with cross-sectional approach. Technique of sampling with a total sampling found 40 health workers and 3 head of Puskesmas. The results showed the performance of health workers in ANC Integrated categorized 52.5% less, Factors related to the performance of that age, leadership, attitude and motivation, while factors unrelated are working time and supervision. The most dominant factor related to the performance is leadership after the controlled variable motivation. Keywords: performance, health workers, ante natal care integrated


Objective To explore range of diagnosis and treatment of medical services in primary healthcare institutions,provide theoretical reference for the definition of the scope of basic medical services,essential drugs list,basic medical directory and infrastructure directory.Method Using expert consultation and spot investigation method according to the number of visits in descending order screen the diseases,which cover more than 90% inpatients.Result The diseases whose proportion accounted for 90% of inpatients in China and the related regions are different,so are the percentage of hospital costs share;the related regions are different in the kinds of diseases;14 diseases are defined as range of diagnosis and treatment of inpatients medical services in primary healthcare institutions.Conclusion On the basis of county's clinics range,different regions can make appropriate adjustments according to the different spectrum of diseases and level of service.


Optics has become the dominant means of long-distance communications, and it is being used increasingly for shorter distances. Given the increasing difficulty of sending information electrically at ever higher density even within information processing and switching machines, optics, with its many potential physical advantages [1], has become progressively more interesting for such interconnections also, and the device and integration criteria and the practical benefits are now relatively well understood [2].


SUFFERING from an explosion of data exchange for uploading and downloading a massive number of videos, audio files, and emerging holographics, the demand for higher data rates is growing rapidly in wireless communication systems. The fifth-generation (5G) communication promises higher data rates, better energy efficiency, and higher reliability than the current systems. 5G mainly focuses on the technologies of massive multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO), millimeter-wave (mm-Wave), and the Internet of Things. Nowadays, the research and development of 5G are intensively undergoing in both industry and academia. 5G standardization has nearly finished, and the commercialization has started in quite a few countries. As the next step, some 6G concepts and trials have also been initiated, which yield a long list of 6G candidates, such as technologies of terahertz (THz), cube satellite communications, large intelligent surfaces, and mm-Wave massive MIMO. Antenna systems, as critical components for 5G/6G communication systems, are facing many new requirements and challenges. There are many 5G/6G enabling antenna techniques, such as massive MIMO antennas in both sub-6G and mmWave bands, THz antennas, antennas for intersatellite/satelliteto-mobile communications, mm-Wave antennas for mobile terminals, and antenna in package. These upcoming antenna techniques also introduce new conditions for over-the-air (OTA) testing, where the conventional antenna testing methods may not be suitable anymore. For example, antenna ports of mm-Wave antenna arrays are typically not standard. Furthermore, 5G antenna testing systems have to be low-cost, efficient, repeatable, and accurate, which still needs a significant improvement. Testing methodology for 6G antenna systems is still an open issue until now, which deserves lots of effort for investigation. The objective of this Special Cluster is to gather research works that address the mentioned technical challenges in the 5G/6G antenna systems and the associated testing methodologies. The cluster has received 35 submissions from both academic and industrial areas, of which 18 peer-reviewed letters have been selected into this issue after a rigorous review process. The letters are categorized into four categories: 1) base station (BS) antennas (six letters); 2) mobile handset antennas and integration (six letters); 3) beamforming synthesis and technology (two letters); 4) 5G/6G OTA testing (four letters).


siRNAs are a new class of therapeutic modalities with promising clinical efficacy that requires modi-fication or formulation for delivery to the tissue and cell of interest. Conjugation of siRNAs to lipophilic groups supports efficient cellular uptake by a mechanism that is not well characterized. Here we study the mechanism of internalization of asymmetric, chemically stabilized, cholesterol-modified siRNAs (sd-rxRNAs ® ) that efficiently enter cells and tissues without the need for formulation. We demonstrate that uptake is rapid with significant membrane association within minutes of exposure followed by the formation of vesicular structures and internalization. Furthermore, sd-rxRNAs are internalized by a spe-cific class of early endosomes and show preferential association with epidermal growth factor (EGF) but not transferrin (Tf) trafficking pathways as shown by live cell TIRF and structured illumination microscopy (SIM). In fixed cells, we observe ∼ 25% of sd-rxRNA co-localizing with EGF and < 5% with Tf, which is of selective endosomal sorting. preferential sd-rxRNA co-localization was with EEA1 but not RBSN-containing consistent with preferential EGF-like through EEA1-containing endosomes. rapid


Summary This paper describes the materials in the Russell Archives relevant to Russell's work on logic and the foundations of mathematics, and suggests the kinds of information that may and may not be drawn about the historical development of his ideas. By way of illustration, a couple of episodes are described. The first (arts. 2–4) concerns a logical system closely related to his theory of denoting, which preceeds the system used in Principia mathematics, while the second (arts. 5) describes a delay in publishing the second volume of that work due to the discovery by Whitehead of a conceptual error.


The effect of the ablation of the intrasellar components of the pituitaiy gland (pars distalis, pars intermedia, infundibular process) on gestation has not been reported in monkeys except for a brief note (Smith, 1946) and a paper on the mammary glands (Agate, 1952). The extended period of gestation, as compared to other laboratory mammals, permits a long period to elapse between hypohysectomy and parturition, thus allowing the disabilities resulting from a pituitary deficiency to fully develop. In the forms reported by other investigators the ablation of the hypophysis before approximately mid-term has invariably resulted in abortion. In some species hypophysectomy at mid-pregnancy or later does not interrupt gestation; in others abortion occurs. In those species in which pregnancy continues, the longest period between operation and parturition has been only 11–12 days, Pencharz and Long (1933), and Selye, Collip and Thomson (1933) in rats; Selye, Collip and Thomson (1933),


This review article provides an overview of research on constitutional conventions in the Czech Republic against the backdrop of the Anglo-Saxon scholarship on this theme. The article identifies three important gaps directly related to the study of constitutional conventions in the Czech Republic. All of them are closely linked as they pertain to the very understanding of constitutional conventions. First, there are varying definitions, including different terms used to denote constitutional conventions. Second, scholars often disagree on how constitutional conventions are established. Moreover, often they are not concerned with this question at all. Third, there is a great gap in research on sanctions for the breaching of constitutional conventions and rules enforcement. The Anglo-Saxon scholarship is instrumental in showing possible ways to fill the gaps.


Calves fed diets containing soya protein develop high levels of serum antibody mainly of the IgG1 class which precipitates antigen and fixes complement. Passively acquired maternal antibody is associated with a significantly elevated response, and delaying the introduction of the soya antigen from 1 week to 4 weeks of age is associated with a significant decrease in the response.
 Very few calves, 3 out of 80, were found to display classical signs of immediate-type hypersensitivity to dietary soya protein. One calf, however, exhibited extreme sensitivity, with demonstrable localized anaphylaxis and PCA in recipient calves. This calf was examined in greater detail in terms of its intestinal antibody response and compared with calves exhibiting the IgG1 complement-fixing precipitin reaction which occurs as the "conventional" response to the antigen in all calves fed on the soya protein.
 A rationale for the surprising level of serum antibody response to the dietary antigen is based on current hypotheses relating to the cooperative action of gastrointestinal antibodies and enzymes. Examination of the immunoglobulin classes present in the secretions of Thiry Vella loops demonstrated a low level of specific antibody associated with IgM and IgA classes. Perfusion of the loops with soya protein extracts resulted in a dramatic release of antibody activity in the hypersensitive calf with a change of specific activity to the IgG class. This antibody secretion coincided with the detection of a transient homocytotropic antibody response in the loop secretion. In calves exhibiting the "conventional" IgG1 blood serum antibody response, insignificant amounts of antibody of any immunoglobulin class were released into the lumen.


Japan's so-called jury system—a lay participation system for serious criminal cases, with mixed panels of professional judges and "lay assessors" (saiban'in, hereafter "lay judges")—has been in operation since mid-2009. As the works reviewed here refl ect, one can trace the roots back decades or longer. The direct genesis of the current system, however, lies in the debates and recommendations of the Justice System Reform Council (JSRC), which began meeting in 1999 and issued its fi nal report in June 2001. Between then and 2004, concrete details of the system were determined and implementing legislation enacted; and an additional fi ve-year period was set aside for preparations. Ever since the JSRC began its deliberations over lay participation, commentary has abounded. Countless books and articles in Japanese have debated the pros and cons of lay participation in general, suitability for Japan, merits of all-citizen juries versus mixed panels, and numerous other aspects of the system. As called for by the original legislation, three years after the system took effect, the Supreme Court of Japan undertook a comprehensive evaluation. In addition to the resulting report, numerous books and articles in Japanese have sought to assess the impact on the justice system, on the lay judges themselves, and on the general public and society. The attention has by no means been limited to Japan. Korea, Taiwan, and other nations have studied the Japanese model in planning their own lay participation systems. And there has been a steady stream of articles about Japan's "jury" system in the United States, Europe, and Asia. To my knowledge, however, these are the fi rst books in English to undertake a comprehensive examination of lay participation in Japan. Both books make a substantial contribution to the literature. Not surprisingly, they overlap in certain respects. Their main focus is different, however, and their respective assessments of the new system contrast sharply, providing a striking reminder of how widely views diverge. The plural "juries" in the title of the fi rst work considered here, Juries in the Japanese Legal System, bears note. Dimitri Vanoverbeke, professor of Japanese studies at the Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium, places


Pulmonary edemagenesis in F-344 rats exposed to atmospheres of pyrolyzed SFE (Formulation A) fire suppressant was evaluated by analysis of histopathological examination of respiratory tract tissues and enzyme activity in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids. Twelve experimental groups of I2 animals each were exposed either to air or to 80 g/m' nominal concentration of SFE for one hour, E.uposures were conducted in a 700 L inhalation exposure chamber operated in a static mode. Exposure atmospheres were analyzed for actual aerosol mass concentration and size distribution and for the major gaseous components of SFE atmospheres. CO and C02 In addition to the aforementioned analyses clinical observations were made during the exposures. Time course of edemagenesis and resolution of the insult was determined by serial evaluation of animals at 1,6, 12 and 24 hrs, as well as 2, 3,4, 5, 6 and 7 days post exposure. Histopathological examination included nasal turbinate and pulmonary tissues. BAL analyses included total protein, acid and alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and p-glucuronidase enzyme activity determinations. INTRODUCTION Pyrolysis of Spectronix Fire Extinguishant (formulation A SFEA) produces atmospheres consisting of a dry particulate aerosol phase and gas phase combustion by-products. At nominal concentrations of 80 g of SFEA ignited per m30f space the aerosol phase has a particle distribution with an initial mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of 2.4 to 3.0 pm and a standard geometric deviation (og) of 1.7. Particle growh by coagulation forms 3.2 to 4.0 pm MMAD particles without significant change of the og, generally within 30 min. At this nominal concentration the initial aerosol mass concentration varies as a function of the proportion of bulk SFEA constituents. The non-stoichiometric formulation (SFEAl) produces initial mass concentrations of 8.4 to 10.1 dm', whereas the stoichiometric formulation (SFEAZ) produces 8.5 to 9.0 g/m' initial mass concentrations. Under static conditions, gravitational settling of the particles reduces the aerosol mass concentration exponentially, with T,, ranging from 16 to 18 min., as a function initial concentration and coagulation rate. Regardless of formulation, the aerosol particles are nearly pure KCI (98+ %). The gas phase of the atmospheres also varies as a function offormulation. SFEA produces both C02 and CO, whereas SFEAZ does not produce CO above e.uposure system limits of detection (5 20 ppm). In our exposure system, 3.0 to 3.5 pn MMAD is the average particle size range Over the course of a 1 hr test period. Particles in this size range are highly respirable with a 0.90 to 0.95 total lung fractional deposition in humans. Human regional fractional deposition in the lung is approximately as follows; naso-pharyngeal region W) 0.12 to 0.24 , tracheobronclual (TB) 0.08 to 0.16, and pulmonary (P, aka alveolar) 0.60 to 0.45; with the remainder depositing in the oro-nasal vestibule. Consequently, a significant portion of the aerosol penetrates deep within the respiratory tree to the parenchymal tissues of the P region which are highly susceptible to damage and for which clearance mechanisms are the least rapid. A common sequelae of irritation of tissues is edema which is an integral and initial part of the inflammatory response along with hyst iqosis (extramiation and migration of blood cellular components neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, plasma cells, and lymphocytes) and migration of activated interstitial macrophages. Historically, pulmonary edema was defined by Laennec (1816) as "an infiltration of serum into the pulmonary tissue. camed to the extent such that it significantly diminishes its permeability to air." However, there is substantial pathology associated with edema prior to extensive flooding of the alveoli and significant interference with gas exchange. Thus, a generalized definition of edema is excessive translocation of serum fluids (water and plasma proteins) from the vasculature to extravascular spaces. Lung extravascular space consists of two compartments, the interstitial space between cellular tissues and the air space in the alveoli. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of the pulmonary ~ascular, interstitial and alveolar spaces along with a synopsis of the


Abstract : The submarine propulsor and maneuvering technology program will provide a better understanding of the forces, moments, and acoustic behavior characterizing an underwater vehicle during a maneuver. Propulsor performance during the maneuver is particularly important, since it is a primary determinant of vehicle trajectory. Hydrodynamic measurements in this program will improve the reliability of and confidence in current analytical model predictions. For some maneuvers, flow predictions have not previously been possible. Flow phenomena isolated and defined by program measurements axial and tangential inflow velocities and propulsor forces should provide the understanding needed to build new analytical models. In this report, the capability of the propulsor inflow velocity measuring system for a self-propelled model is projected. This system will provide the first measurements of the propulsor inflow field during maneuvering to support development of computational models of propulsor performance. The proposed measuring system uses seven miniature laser-Doppler- velocimeter probes. Temporal and spatial resolution that can be obtained with the system are estimated relative to flow time scales. Operation in both scanned and non-scanned modes is recommended. Measurement of the propulsor inflow field will be effectively instantaneous relative to the maneuvering time scale. Keywords: Laser Doppler velocimeters; Time scales; Underwater maneuvering.


There are three questions to be answered to the newly built undergraduate universities which are now transforming to universities of applied sciences. That is,should they develop research works or not,what kind of research works and how to do it. Firstly,it is necessary to develop research works,because of the requests of the ages and environment,and the need of universities of applied sciences to construct themselves. Secondly,universities of applied sciences should foster their strengths and circumvent their weaknesses in developing research works,and find their goal of research works to meet the needs of the nation and society. They should strive to become the technology center or new think-tank of the region / industry they rely on,also make an integration of research and education works. Finally,the universities should get rid of the bondage of traditional thought to do a good job of base construction for research works,strengthen technology accumulation,and promote government-industry-enterprise-university cooperation,so as to increase research projects. Even more should the universities seek breakthrough on new and high technologies,generic technologies and core technologies,and make an choice between gradual development and "carve out "development in research works.


Abstract The Chinese government announced new rules that affect the real estate market in the country, including the creation of a tax paid to vendors and could reach 20 percent of the proceeds from the transaction, according to the official Xinhua news agency reported. Amid expectations of rising prices in the industry, the new rate is intended to "cool and streamline" the country's property market, which since last year has seen a sharp rise in prices. For real estate transactions, so far the only seller paid between 1 and 2 percent of the sales price and did it through the income tax. Tribute addition, Beijing will force the bank branches located in cities with high housing prices to increase the amount of payment and the interest rate of mortgage loans to buyers who purchase a second home. Moreover, it prohibit the purchase of homes for families who were not born in the town where you want to complete the transaction, provided you already have a house to his name and prove that "have not paid taxes or social security during the years needed".


For advanced and metastatic urothelial carcinomas (UCs), platinum (preferably cisplatin)‐based chemotherapy has been the standard treatment for many years. However, many patients are ineligible for cisplatin‐based chemotherapy because of poor performance status and/or other age‐related conditions. At the other end of the spectrum, patients with localized non‐muscle–invasive bladder cancer who are unresponsive to intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) treatment often face radical cystectomy as the only option. In recent years, the application of immunotherapy in the form of immune‐checkpoint inhibitors has provided viable alternatives in the second‐line postplatinum and first‐line cisplatin‐ineligible settings. Recent and ongoing clinical trials are also assessing the safety and efficacy of immunotherapy for neoadjuvant and adjuvant uses before/after cystectomy, for BCG‐unresponsive cases, and for combination treatments that include the newer indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase‐1 inhibitors and/or BCG. This review summarizes recent developments in immunotherapy for UCs.


PURPOSE: A sealed container including separable locking wings is provided to enable users to easily couple and separate the locking wings from a cover of the container. CONSTITUTION: A sealed container including separable locking wings comprises the following: a main body(1) including an opening(2) on the upper side, and locking units(5) with locking protrusions on the outer surface; a cover(10) including a neck unit(12) extended from the edge, and a connection unit(11) formed with connection pieces; an installation unit(31) including a wing side jamming unit with a space for inserting the connection unit; and the locking wings(30) including locking pieces(40) coupled to the locking protrusions, and connected to the upper outside of the locking wings unit a thin film hinge.


Containerization was an American innovation, proved in domestic trade by an American company, Sea-Land Service, Inc., before becoming a global revolution. The author of this article maintains that to accomplish the complex and far-reaching task of securing world trade from outside threat, American leadership is needed again to drive the infrastructure and technology investments required for continued economic prosperity. A blueprint is presented for a layered, cooperative approach involving government and industry.


In this paper the conventional treatment of family harmony and conflict, in a consensus-equilibrium framework, is discussed and judged inadequate. Instead a view of the family as a system in conflict is suggested as an alternative and more fruitful theoretical approach. The major premises underlying such a frame of reference are briefly outlined. Its theoretical implications for the study of the family are explored.


The invention discloses a method for preparing 3-(alpha-methoxy)-methylene benzofuran-2(trihydrogen)-one. The method comprises: reacting methylene benzofuran-2 (trihydrogen)-one with trimethyl orthoformate in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst to generate the 3-(alpha-methoxy)-methylene benzofuran-2(trihydrogen)-one. No anhydride substance is added in the reaction, so that the generation of a large amount of ester compound byproducts is avoided, and the method has the advantages of being high in raw material conversion rate, economical, environment-friendly, high in atom economy and the like, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.


The development of primary health care in the Republic of Belarus has been uneven and has only recently become a priority of state health-care policy. Focusing on the development of this area of health care is driven by the need to ensure an effective response to the growing burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and the related demographic, social and economic problems. The World Health Organization provides technical assistance to Belarus to strengthen primary health care as part of the "Preventing noncommunicable diseases, promoting healthy lifestyle and support to modernization of the health system in Belarus 2016–2019" project (BELMED) in the following areas: 1) improving coordination among the various levels of care, integration of specialized care and public health interventions in primary care; 2) strengthening the clinical competencies of health professionals in the framework of patient-centred care; 3) revising incentive schemes for primary care workers; and 4) improving reporting documentation and streamlining document flow in the primary health-care system. New models of patientcentred care are being developed at two pilot sites in urban and rural areas. The project will help to ensure that primary care is more focused on the needs of patients, increase the competencies of health professionals and reorient the system for evaluating their work from analysing processes to assessing results. Information on the reform of primary health care in Belarus and the innovative mechanisms used for introducing changes may be useful for a wide range of policymakers and health services researchers.


As a part of the National Study of American Indian Education, this document reports on 1700 American Indian primary school children (representing 14 tribal groups and 12 states) who were administered the Goodenough Draw-k-Man Test (DAM) as a measure of mental alertness. A comparison is given of the Indian and white children's scores. It appears that, among Indian children aged 6 to 8.5 years, intelligence quotient as measured by the DAM is definitely above the average for white children of comparable age in the United States. For children aged 8.5 to 13, the Indian children average slightly below white children. It is concluded that if the DAM IQ is taken as a measure of mental alertness, the American Indian children score as well as or better than white American children. The document is appended with a bibliography and tables showing pertinent data.


The author defines five business "disciplines" which help to build "learning organizations". These companies will be the successful one in the coming decade because of their ability to learn, to absorb new ideas, theories and practices at all employee levels and use them to competitive advantage.


At the beginning of gear transmission design, mainly simplified methods of gear strength analysis based on ISO or AGMA standards are used. However, they allow for calculation of approximate and sometimes biased stresses. Moreover, ISO standard is generally focused on using racks for gear manufacturing. A method proposed in this paper allows for computation of the parameters of critical section, strength coefficients Y F , Y S , and tooth root stress σ F according to the procedure from ISO standard also in the case of machining gears with gear type tools. The proposed improvement of ISO standard leads to replacement of real gear tool with rack with substitute tip radius ρ* a0 . The developed method maintains basic assumptions and advantages of ISO standard, including its simplicity. Simultaneously, it allows for computing the maximum tooth root stresses σ F : (i) very close to results of accurate geometric analysis and finite element analysis, and (ii) much closer, compared to conventional ISO procedure, to results obtained using AGMA standard.


In transportation, LiDAR has been primarily used in autonomous vehicles to assist self-driving until recently when people realized it could also be installed at the roadside to support connected vehicles and infrastructure systems. Unlike onboard LiDAR sensors used in autonomous vehicles, roadside applications must perform complete background filtering and clustering as well as tracking real-time traffic movements within the detection zone. This paper presents an unsupervised clustering method for roadside or infrastructure-based LiDAR applications. It first converts 3D LiDAR data points into 2D so that only target points (after background filtering) will be saved in the channel-azimuth 2D structure; then, a method combining the region growing algorithm and counted component labeling is used to perform clustering. Lastly, a merging process is conducted to enhance the connected component labeling method for better outcomes. Experimental studies demonstrate that the proposed method could reach 0.011s per frame (10 Hz sensor rotation frequency) in clustering while maintaining high accuracy.


Housing loans or so-called mortgage is a loan the client to help get a new or used residential homes by providing loans. In response, the authors are interested in doing research by lifting the title "Accounting Treatment of mortgage interest income in the Bank Jabar Banten (BJB)".Accounting treatment of mortgage interest income includes the recognition, measurement, and disclosure. Recognition method consists of two, namely the accrual basis and cash basis. Measurements obtained from the method of interest calculation. Recording revenues are recorded at the income that has been received. Broadly speaking, the accounting treatment of interest income KPRdiakui the cash basis method, the bank recognizes income after the customer has paid and received by the bank.

Keywords: accounting treatment of interest income


This study aims  to find out how the conection of province minimum wage with the number of formal labour. This study is a kind of descriptive associative study with the quantitative approach. This research is done in province East Java with sampel sampel province minimum wage with the number of formal labour in the years 2007-2011. The data analysis technique in this study using product moment correlation with t-test. The result of the study showed that the variable of province minimum wage has a very strong positive conection with the number of formal  labour  in East Java. While the result of t-test show that  txy   ttabel  , it means that the research hypothesis is accepted, it means that increased province minimum wage so that increased  the number of formal labour too. Keywords: minimum wage, province minimum wage, formal labour.


Iron is delivered to the open ocean mainly by rivers, aeolian dust, icebergs (and subglacial runoff), hydrothermal activity and by recycling from shelf sediments ([Fig. 1.5][1]). It is believed that only rivers and hydrothermal activity supply iron in a dissolved form but neither source is effective


Annual report of the Texas Judicial System (the Texas Judicial Council and the Office of Court Administration) describing judicial branch operations, reports and developments, summaries and analyses of court activities, and providing a directory of judges and clerks for the 1994 fiscal year.


Redundant filter bank inversion being an under-determined problem, we propose to use an optimization method to design a synthesis filter bank with good frequency responses. The constrained optimization problem is reformulated, using a Singular Value Decomposition, as an unconstrained minimization problem in a vector space of smaller dimension, thus significantly reducing computational complexity. These optimized low redundancy filter banks clearly lead to an improved performance in directional filtering applications.