With regard to the problems existing in the current electricity reserve ancillary services, this paper, first of all, analyzes the cost composition of reserve ancillary services. Then, a cost-based electricity tariff calculation method for ancillary services is designed in the paper for the primary stage of China's power market when the ancillary services market is not yet available. With this method, the tariff level of the grid reserve ancillary services for a specific case is calculated with due consideration given to the actual operation of the power grid. This research helps to promote building of the electricity ancillary services market, present incentive to all types of generators to provide reserve ancillary services and rationalize economic compensations for the generators which provide the reserve ancillary services.


The purpose of this work is to reveal the ore-forming rules and mineralization potential at depth in the Si'er gold deposit, of which the metallogenic geology background is typical in the Xiaoqinling area, and provide reference for further ore exploration of this region and other places. We have studied its ore-forming characteristics based on analyzing its metallogenic geology background and geology features. It is found that mineralization belts as well as veins occur at a certain distance with others in the district. The alterations of pyrite, silicon and potassium have close relationship with gold mineralization. The association of quartz with smoky gray color, potassium feldspar and pyrite shows an apparently indicative mark to gold mineralization. Besides, a widespread regularity in the Xiaoqinling area is found that the quartz-vein type of gold mineralization in the shallow subsurface changes into alteration-rock type in the deep subsurface. Combining with ore-forming regularities and analyzing the axial changing regularities of primary-halo indicator content of three main veins (Q501、Q502 and Q529), the great mineralization potential of Q501 and Q502 has been forecasted, and that of Q529 remains to be tested by further exploration work.


BACKGROUND
Arts-based learning (ABL) strategies can enhance student learning in nursing education. Clinical postconference provides an opportunity to integrate these strategies. The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand student perspectives of ABL activities in clinical postconference and to explore the effect of ABL strategies during clinical postconference on nursing students' perceptions of their own practice.

METHOD
This study was designed to reflect the critical attributes of ABL proposed by Rieger and Chernomas. Twenty-nine nursing students participated in six ABL activities during clinical postconference. Data were collected from student reflective papers. Inductive data analysis was used to derive themes.

RESULTS
Four main themes emerged: (a) Developing New Perspectives, (b) Appreciating the Patient Experience, (c) Reflecting on Feelings and Growth, and (d) Recognizing the Value of ABL.

CONCLUSION
ABL strategies integrated during clinical post-conference facilitate student learning by actively engaging students in reflection of professional practice and developing empathy. [J Nurs Educ. 2018;57(9):549-553.].


This chapter explores the fundamental drivers of economic development and political institutions. It provides a novel empirical analysis of the determinants of institutional differences and the diffusion of institutional innovations across societies. A critical discussion of the recent literature is presented, documenting how economic and political outcomes are affected by traits that have deep historical and geographic roots and that are passed on from generation to generation. The hypothesis is presented that intergenerationally transmitted traits affect current outcomes by acting as barriers to the diffusion of technological and institutional innovations: a longer historical separation time between populations creates greater barriers. Hence, the degree of ancestral distance between a given society and the society at the frontier of institutional and technological development should be associated with higher barriers and lower adoption. This hypothesis is tested empirically with cross-country data. Empirical fi ndings provide substantial support for the proposition that long-term historical distance from the frontier affects both current institutions and development.


Evaluation of node importance is helpful to improve the invulnerability and robustness of complex networked systems. At present, the classic ranking methods of quantitatively analyzing node importance are based on the centrality measurements of network topology, such as degree, betweenness, closeness, eigenvector, etc. Therefore, they often restrict the unknown topological information and are not convenient to use in large-scale real networked systems. In this paper, according to the idea of self-avoiding random walking, we propose a novel and simplified ranking method integrated with label propagation and local topological information, in which the number of labels that node collects from propagating process quantitatively denotes the ranking order. Moreover, the proposed method is able to characterize the structural influence and importance of node in complex networked system because it comprehensively considers both the direct neighbors of node and the topological relation of node to other ones. Through performing the experiments on three benchmark networks, we obtain interesting results derived from four common evaluating indices, i. e., the coefficient of giant component, the spectral distance, the links of node, and the fragility, which indicate that the proposed method is much more efficient and effective for ranking influential nodes than the acquaintance algorithm.


In this paper we examine the dynamics of a pulse in fibers with periodic dispersion on the basis of the variational approach. Using this approach a set of two coupled differential equations for the evolution ofthe pulse width and chirp is obtained and numerically solved. We consider two different symmetric dispersion maps. The main difference is found to be on the dependence ofthe pulse energy on the map strength. It is shown that a dispersion —managed (DM) soliton can be supported in an optical fiber even when the average dispersion is in the normal regime. Our results show that the variational approach can be a useful and effective analytical method for optimization of soliton transmission systems with variable dispersion.


The effect of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) in mitigation of 50 μM cadmium (Cd) toxicity on structure and function of photosynthetic apparatus in presence or absence of 1.0 mM SO42– was investigated in mustard (Brassica juncea L. cv. Ro Agro 4001) at 30 days after sowing. Plants exhibited increased oxidative stress, impaired photosynthetic function when grown with Cd, but MeJA in presence of sulfur (S) more prominently ameliorated Cd effects through increased S-assimilation and production of reduced glutathione (GSH) and promoted photosynthetic functions. The transmission electron microscopy showed that MeJA protected chloroplast structure against Cd-toxicity. The use of GSH biosynthetic inhibitor, buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) substantiated the findings that ameliorating effect of MeJA was through GSH production. MeJA could not alleviate Cd effects when BSO was used due to unavailability of GSH even with the input of S. The study shows that MeJA regulates S-assimilation and GSH production for protection of structure and function of photosynthetic apparatus in mustard plants under Cd stress.


Because of frozen soils in extreme winter weather, it is difficult to remove and replace soil-embedded posts of a W-beam guardrail system in the event of a vehicle crash. Additional resources and equipment are usually needed to repair the guardrail, which results in longer maintenance time or delays in carrying out the repair. This poses a safety hazard to the maintenance crew by increasing their exposure to the oncoming traffic, and to other motorists because of the presence of the maintenance crew or a non-functional guardrail. Some states install steel posts in metal sleeves for faster repairs under such conditions. However, the performance of the W-beam guardrail system and its terminals has not been evaluated with posts installed in sleeves under the Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) criteria. Research presented in this paper evaluates the performance of the steel post W-beam guardrail and end terminals with posts installed in metal sleeves. A series of surrogate bogie vehicle impact tests and a full-scale crash test were performed to compare the performance of the posts installed in sleeves and the posts directly embedded in soil. Findings of this research show that steel posts may be installed in metal sleeves for the W-beam guardrail system and most end terminals.


(Ph3P) [603-35-0] C18H15P (MW 262.30)

InChI = 1S/C18H15P/c1-4-10-16(11-5-1)19(17-12-6-2-7-13-17)18-14-8-3-9-15-18/h1-15H

InChIKey = RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

(2,4,5-triiodoimidazole) [1746-25-4] C3HI3N2 (MW 445.76)

InChI = 1S/C3HI3N2/c4-1-2(5)8-3(6)7-1/h(H,7,8)

InChIKey = HIDCNJIBRZBEPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N

(deoxygenation of vicinal diols1 and epoxides to form alkenes; conversion of alcohols to iodides)

Physical Data: see Triphenylphosphine; 2,4,5-triiodoimidazole, mp 190–192 °C.

Preparative Methods: the reagent reported by Garegg and Samuelsson1, 2 is prepared in situ by the combination of a 1∶2 ratio of Triphenylphosphine and 2,4,5-triiodoimidazole in toluene or, preferably, toluene/acetonitrile.3 2,4,5-Triiodoimidazole is prepared via the treatment of Imidazole with Iodine and Sodium Hydroxide in a two-phase reaction in water/petroleum ether and recrystallized from methanol.3


Abstract In this trial male and female chickens belonging to a dual-purpose Italian breed, Ermellinata di Rovigo (ER), were reared under a free-range production system (June-October) from 47 days of life until slaughter age, at 138 (I age) and 168 (II age) days of age. At both ages, the final body weight, the dressing-out percentage and the ready-to-cook carcass weight were higher (P<0.01) in males. At II age the female carcass showed higher (P<0.01) proportion of breast and lower (P<0.01) proportion of leg. At both ages, the redness index (a*) of breast and thigh were lower (P<0.01) in females, whereas the yellowness index (b*) showed the opposite trend; the females showed higher lipids in breast meat (P<0.05), thigh meat (P<0.01) and skin (P<0.01). The breast tenderness did not change. The results indicate that the ER birds have a different live body weight, slaughter performance and meat quality according to sex, both at I and II age. At 168 days, under the studied environmental conditions, the chickens were in prepubertal period and the sex affected the dressing-out percentage, meat colour and skin lipids in particular.


Abstract Some 180 scientists gathered in the cooler (after the stifling heat of Bordeaux and Toulouse) air of the famous alpine ski resort (1860 m) in Alpe d'Huez, France, from 30July- 1 August, 1990, to consider the complementarity of two powerful probes used today in condensed matter research - neutrons and X-ray synchrotron radiation. Given the wide spectrum of research using these techniques the organizers did not try to cover everything; furthermore, the meeting was a satellite conference of the IUCr Congress in Bordeaux, France, so that the emphasis was on diffraction. Areas omitted intentionally were studies of photoemission and X-ray spectroscopy (e.g.XANES, EXAFS which were covered in another satellite conference) and the large field of neutron inelastic scattering.


The methods and design principles on how to draw up quality inspection regulations of FA series Carding machine were discussed.The specific regalations was drawn up as reliable basis for inspection work.


Deep learning has in recent years brought breakthroughs in several domains, most notably voice and image recognition. In this work we extend deep learning into a new application domain - namely classification on mobile phone datasets. Classic machine learning methods have produced good results in telecom prediction tasks, but are underutilized due to resource-intensive and domain-specific feature engineering. Moreover, traditional machine learning algorithms require separate feature engineering in different countries. In this work, we show how socio-economic status in large de-identified mobile phone datasets can be accurately classified using deep learning, thus avoiding the cumbersome and manual feature engineering process. We implement a simple deep learning architecture and compare it with traditional data mining models as our benchmarks. On average our model achieves 77% AUC on test data using location traces as the sole input. In contrast, the benchmarked state-of-the-art data mining models include various feature categories such as basic phone usage, top-up pattern, handset type, social network structure and individual mobility. The traditional machine learning models achieve 72% AUC in the best-case scenario. We believe these results are encouraging since average regional household income is an important input to a wide range of economic policies. In underdeveloped countries reliable statistics of income is often lacking, not frequently updated, and is rarely fine-grained to sub-regions of the country. Making income prediction simpler and more efficient can be of great help to policy makers and charity organizations - which will ultimately benefit the poor.


The future of the nation is largely determined by the optimal role of teachers in educating children to become creative human beings in solving increasingly complex national problems. The existence of teachers as professional educators has a moral responsibility in developing children's personalities, including improving the quality of students' creativity. For this reason, professional educators need to first understand and be skilled at developing the creativity of students in the learning process. Therefore, this paper tries to explain how to become a creative desert to create creative children needed to achieve 21st century skills. The policy of "the new normal" is based on changing behavior or habits. The author realizes that changing behavior is strongly influenced by changes in thoughts and attitudes which in practice is not an easy job, apart from the result that a person's thoughts and attitudes have been trapped by the old paradigm, it is also easy for changed thoughts, attitudes and behaviors to relapse. Therefore change requires active stretching


Long storage periods may increase embryo mortality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of storage period on the weight loss, eggshell surface temperature, hatchability, and embryonic mortality of Japanese quail eggs. Two hundred fertile eggs were collected from a flock of 30-week-old Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). The eggs were collected for 10 consecutive days after lay, and immediately incubated. A completely randomized experimental design with 10 treatments, corresponding to the number of days eggs were stored between egg collection and setting, with 20 replicates each, was applied. Egg weight loss increased with storage period duration, starting on day 6 (2.1%, on average) and reached 3.26%, on average, in eggs stored for 10 days. The highest hatchability (p>0.05) was obtained in eggs stored for two days, which also lost the least weight (1.20%). Storage period did not influence eggshell surface temperature (p>0.05) during incubation, but higher temperatures (p<0.05) were measured on days 10 and 15 of incubation compared with day 5. Eggs stored for ten days presented the highest weight loss, and therefore, a storage period of up to five days is recommended to maintain the quality of incubated Japanese quail eggs. Furthermore, egg surface temperature increases during the second half of the incubation period as a result of increasing embryonic metabolic rate.


A new species, Helicoma barretoi, collected on dead twigs in Paraíba State of northeastern Brazil, is described and illustrated. It is distinguished by frequent branched conidiophores, cylindrical conidiogenous cells constricted at basal septa, and broad terminal denticles.


Astrobiologists seek to find life beyond Earth. The "Holy Grail" of Astrobiology research is to discover evidence of a second genesis of life – an origin of life that was independent from life's origin on Earth. No formal consensus on the possibility for a second genesis of life exists, and opinions about the probability range from near zero to near unity. An extra-terrestrial example of life would help answer this question and settle the quandary of whether life is common in the Universe or exceedingly rare. Quantifying the "ordinariness" of life has far reaching philosophical implications that could even inform us about the future of intelligent, technology-wielding life on Earth (Bostrom 2007).
 Life on Mars, one of our closest planetary neighbors, was considered a forgone conclusion as recently as the mid 20th century. What else besides an advanced civilization cultivating crops could have been responsible for the telescopically observed network of "canals" scarring its red surface? The "Advanced Martian Civilization" hypothesis had support from preeminent scientists, such as Giovanni Schiaparelli and Percival Lowell, but was relegated to the realm of pseudoscience when data from the Mariner spacecrafts in the 1970s failed to reveal any evidence for such civilizations. There is still no convincing evidence for life on Mars; however, several studies have at least raised one or two eyebrows (Mazur et al. 1978, McKay et al. 1996, Ruff and Farmer 2016).
 The Mariner missions ushered in the era of modern space exploration at Mars, and with it an earnest search for life. In 1976, shortly after the Mariner missions, the Viking I & II landers delivered "positive" results from their Labeled Release (LR) experiments. Oxidants in the martian regolith are the generally accepted explanation for these results, but some argue that life is the most parsimonious explanation for the Viking data (Levin and Straat 2016). We still do not know if life existed, or exists, on Mars, but Mars was once habitable for the forms of life that took root on early Earth and certain places on Mars likely remain habitable (Davila et al. 2010, Ehlmann et al. 2016). Its potential habitability and proximity to Earth have kept Mars centered in the crosshairs of Astrobiological research for decades. However, icy ocean worlds – Titan, Europa and Enceladus – have garnered increasing attention from the Astrobiology community (National Academies of Sciences and Medicine 2022), partially because any evidence for life on these worlds has a much higher chance of representing a second genesis whereas life on Mars could have potentially originated on Earth (or vice versa).
 The problems we face in the search for life on Mars today mirror those that confronted Schiaparelli and Lowell: we do not have data of sufficient quality to answer the question definitively. One major difference is that Schiaparelli and Lowell had their prior probability for the expectation of life on Mars set at what must have been a fairly high value. By contrast, decades of null results for evidence of life on Mars have tuned our expectations such that all abiogenic explanations for any piece of would-be-evidence-for-life must be rigorously rejected before biotic explanations can be considered (e.g., Ruff and Farmer (2016), Oehler and Etiope (2017)). Perhaps one day, incontrovertible evidence for life on Mars will be found that will open the floodgates for a reinterpretation of evidence that, at present, is too dubious to consider. Until then, a high bar is rightly set for the standard of evidence (Neveu et al. 2018). If evidence of life exists on Mars, it is apparent that it will not be easy to find.
 NASA developed a strategic exploration arc to hone in on the most likely places to find evidence of life on Mars. The strategy goes:

 Follow the water;

 Explore habitability;

 Seek signs of life.

 Follow the water;
 Explore habitability;
 Seek signs of life.
 The "Follow the water" theme characterized missions from Mars Global Surveyor in 1996 to the Mars Atmospheric and Volatile EvolutioN orbiter in 2013. "Explore habitability" and "Seek signs of life" have overlapped, beginning in 2007 with the Phoenix lander and persisting to the present with the Perseverance rover at the Jezero Crater delta.
 Despite technological and philosophical advances in Astrobiology and the overarching principles guiding NASA missions, a coherent and standard strategy for quantifying the probability of finding life in an arbitrarily chosen environment does not exist. For example, when we land in a deltaic system on Mars we do not know, and in fact do not have a strategy for knowing, which specific outcrop, or rocks within in an outcrop, will have the highest probability of containing signs of past life. What would such a "signs of life search strategy" look like?
 In our recent paper (Warren-Rhodes et al. 2023), we propose that building a library of probability-of-life maps at nested spatial scales across many terrestrial-analog sites could be one way to address this question. Building probability maps relies on extensive microbial ecologic surveying, and can help us understand whether recognizable and predictable patterns characterize the distribution of terrestrial biosignatures. At our field site in Salar de Pajonales, Chile, we found that photosynthetic endolithic communities, the subject of our study, followed such a pattern. Their locations could be predicted using artificial intelligence (AI) models with an order of magnitude greater accuracy than a random search. Our study lays out a methodological framework for assessing a terrestrial analog site that combines geology, statistical ecology, and AI. The long-term vision is for the Astrobiology community to adopt and improve upon this strategy, and to build up a library of probability maps across many planetary-analog field sites. With a library of many biosignature probability maps across a diverse suite of analog sites, we can hope to extract trends and patterns in biosignature distributions that generalize across sites and that could inform the search for life in novel planetary environments.


This report summarizes the current and potential status and practice of anaerobic digestion in developing countries and provides an overview of the subject, plus practical data for building an anaerobic digester. Relevant information includes a survey of existing systems and descriptions of various models in current use, as well as a detailed exploration of the technical aspects of anaerobic digestion in both the text and appendix. Emphasis is on applying new engineering concepts to low-cost technologies, on energy, and on environmental and agricultural benefits. Energy and health benefits from digestion of night soil, septage, and sludges can be achieved by properly engineered and operated biogas technologies.


The internet has changed the way we access information. With the click of a mouse we are able to access information to either read online or download for accessing later. Another click of a mouse and hey presto we can copy and paste text and graphics, for example. Ready access to freely available information online could lull one into believing that downloading and copying material is acceptable. Yes, it is if the sources are acknowledged appropriately. However, many of us have a false impression that information on the internet is in the public domain for us to use as we see fit to do. All text and graphic material is covered by international laws. It is important to bear in mind that although there are vast amounts of freely available information there are also copyright and plagiarism rules to consider.


This article presents some of the applications of the Baouendi–Treves approximation theorem to complex analysis and partial differential equations. An extension of the theorem for vector fields with only continuous coefficients is also discussed


The notion of spacetime symmetry is essential to describe gravitating physical systems like planets, stars, black holes, or the universe as a whole, since they possess, at least to good approximation, spherical, axial, or spatially homogeneous and isotropic symmetry, respectively. This article gives a quick overview over the known facts on spacetime symmetries in teleparallel gravity. The most general spherical, axial, or spatially homogeneous and isotropic tetrads in Weitzenb\"ck gauge are presented and a brief discussion about symmetric solutions of the anti-symmetric field equations in $f(T,B,\phi,X)$-gravity is given.


Analyzes the existing problems of line loss management in county level power supply enterprise,puts forward some measures of reducing loss such as strengthening thoughts,scientifically establishing index,calling the line loss analysis meeting,forming the incentive mechanism,stressing the business inspection and checking,strengthening the anti-steal electric power.


Phytochemical studies were carried out in four Gymnema species such as Gymnema sylvestre, Gymnema hirsutum, Gymnema elegans and Gymnema khandalense collected from Kerala. Preliminary chemical tests were conducted using various qualitative analyses. Phenolics, flavonoids and alkaloids were found as major class of compounds in all the species. Total phenolics content (TPC) was determined by Folin Ciocalteu Spectrophotometric method and was expressed as mg Equivalent of Gallic acid. Total flavonoid content (TFC) was also calculated by aluminium chloride colorimetric method and was expressed as mg equivalent of Quercetin. Among the different parts, roots showed maximum phenolics for all the four species. The highest TPC were found in the root of G. khandalense (3.175 mg E Ga) and the least TPC was observed in leaves of G. elegans (0.84 mg E Ga). Flavonoid to phenolic ratio (F/P) was also calculated for the evaluation of specificity of flavonoids farther than phenolics.


Ensuring an uninterrupted supply of drugs is a critical part of providing healthcare in a low-resource setting. Therapeutics is an essential component of every health system and largely relies on accurate and timely management of the drug supply chain. Stockouts are frequently encountered in these settings and can result in detrimental effects on patient care, not only poor outcomes but also drug-resistance in the cases of chronic diseases like HIV and TB. The drug supply chain includes procurement, shipping, storage and dispensing medication to patients. Accurate information on current stock counts and projections of future medication requirements is necessary to minimize stockouts and expired stock, keeping critical drugs on the shelves and preventing low-usage medications from expiring.


Thank you for downloading international risk and insurance an environmental managerial approach. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their chosen readings like this international risk and insurance an environmental managerial approach, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some malicious virus inside their computer.


Abstract : Let N(t) be a counting process with continuous compensator A(t) and f(t) a bounded predictabler process. If E(exp(2/f/N(t))) infinity and E(exp (2(1 + exp/f/)A (t))) infinity then it is shown that z(+) = exp (-integral from 0 to t (f(u)dN(u)) - integral from 0 to t (exp (-f(u)) - 1)dA(u) is a martingale. This is a partial extension of a theorem of Kabanov, Liptser, Shiryaev (1980) who assumed A(t) or = but did not assume A(t) is continuous. Keywords: Random variables, Stochastic processes, Poisson processes, convergence.


One of the focal spot of marine ecology is the effects of diatom on copepod reproduction,which decreases copepod egg fecundity and hatching success.Two hypotheses had been suggested to explain the deleterious effects,nutritionally deficient and/or possible toxic agents.It still can not find agreements between the laboratory and in situ works.The results from laboratory indicated that the inhibitory effect caused by diatom could be due to deficiency of some polyunsaturated acids (PUFAs).However,the results from in situ works suggested that the inhibition on copepod hatching may be ascribed to some secondary products (low molecular weight aldehydes) produced by diatom.Up to now,it was still unclear that its work mechanism and the influence under natural environmental conditions.However,if such phenomenon occurs widely in the marine ecosystems,the current understanding of the classic marine food chain,diatom-copepod-fish,may be seriously limited.This article introduced the recent researches on diatom-copepod interaction,with some aspects requiring more study in the future put forward.


Pinometostat is a highly selective first in class DOT1L inhibitor currently in Phase 1 clinical trials in adult and pediatric leukemia patients (pts) with MLL rearrangements (MLL-r or MLL-PTD). Preliminary results of the adult trial have demonstrated clinical activity including complete remissions in a subset of patients (Stein, 2014). Investigation and identification of candidate molecular correlates of pinometostat response in both pt samples and cell lines are reported. RNA and DNA were isolated from PBMCs and/or bone marrow collected prior to treatment from 18 pts enrolled in the adult pinometostat Phase 1 study (CT.gov: NCT01684150), at the following doses 24 (n = 2), 36 (n = 3), 54 (n = 6), 80 (n = 3) and 90 mg/m2/day doses (n = 4). mRNA transcript abundance was assessed using whole genome RNASeq and DNA variants were determined using a 194 gene panel, MyAML (Genection Inc.). Correlations of transcript abundance and DNA variants detected with categorical (responder = CR or PR [n = 3], or no response [n = 16]) and continuous response parameters (time on study [TOS], mean = 59 days: range = 8-196 days) were performed. For cell lines, whole genome RNASeq data was generated from 14 cell lines (MLL-r or MLL-PTD) with a range of in vitro sensitivity to pinometostat (cell proliferation IC50 2 nM to > 10 μM) and RNA transcripts identified as correlated with IC50 were submitted for pathway analysis. Univariate analyses revealed no DNA variants to be associated with either response category (FDR adjusted P MLL-r fusion partner (e.g. t(11:19)) may influence clinical response to pinometostat. In addition RNASeq based characterization of patient samples and cell lines revealed candidate pathways that may cooperate with or antagonize pinometostat activity that warrant further investigation. Citation Format: Scott Daigle, Alice McDonald, Ty M. Thomson, David A. Drubin, Michael Maria, A. Carson, Brad Patay, Jeff Keats, Christine Klaus, Alejandra Raimondi, G. Garcia-Manero, D. A. Rizzieri, Raoul Tibes, Jesus Berdeja, Eytan M. Stein, Blythe Thomson, Stephen J. Blakemore. Identification of biomarkers and pathways associated with response to the DOT1L inhibitor Pinometostat (EPZ-5676) in MLL-r leukemia. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr C12.


A series of "submarines", which composed of gold nanoparticles and modified with rhodamine and fluorescein derivatives, were presented. With dual sensitive units for both acidic and basic environment, these "gold nano-submarines" not only allow efficient intracellular pH mapping but also provide more accurate quantitative detection of pH alteration under different stimuli with distinct pH quantification range. Moreover, they even have the ability to pass through the blood brain barrier (BBB).


This chapter emphasizes the importance of implementing culturally competent recruitment and retention practices, which suburban schools and systems can use to ensure that all students have a well-trained and high-quality teacher of color. Changes in teachers' expectations for student success and strategies in managing administrative and behavioral tasks are all required of all novice teachers. Methods of recruitment, strategies of organization management, and student demographics should be factors in supporting the approaches to implement culturally competent policy change, impacting the outcomes for teachers of color and the student's they serve. A positive organizational culture to include culturally responsive instructional leadership, adequate teacher salary, and critical professional development are determinants for sustaining high-quality teachers of color not only for students of color but for all learners. An emphasis on valuing the cultural identity of teachers of color in suburban schools will be emphasized as a preventative measure for the othering of teachers of color.


During the last 60 years, the field of Macromolecular Science has broadened significantly and macromolecular or polymeric materials today constitute the most important class of materials. More than any other class of materials, polymers have revolutionized and enabled various technology platforms. The versatility in applications ranges from major structural components (the Airbus A380-800 or the Boeing 787 are built from 80% carbon fiber reinforced thermoset by volume) to high value added ingredients on the scale of grams as for use in lithography or drug delivery. Key to these systems is the direct control of the physical properties of the polymeric constituents, which in turn reflects fundamental advances in fields, including (i) polymerization methods, (ii) theory, simulation, and modeling, (iii) understanding of new physical phenomena, (iv) advances in characterization techniques, and (v) harnessing of self-assembly and biological strategies for producing complex multifunctional structures. Research activity in the field of Macromolecular Science continues to expand and attracts scientists from many other disciplines. [...]


In recent year, Green Food Industry of Heilongjiang Province has been rapid development. Its kinds index is certified and occupied first place in China, including range of products, monitor area of product, quantity, and output. But the special mountain product development more slowly than others Green Food. Won't change ecology, environment and resource of advantage to economy and commodity of advantage. The paper is proposed that Heilongjiang Province developed advantage and potential of Green Special Mountain Product. Improtant point of Green Food Industry development of Heilongjiang based on the fact has taken, is showing us measure and method of development special mountain product.


Waste water containing high levels of radionuclides due to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident, has been treated by the adsorption removal and reverse-osmosis (RO) desalination to allow water re-use for cooling the reactors. Radionuclides in the waste water are collected in the adsorbent medium and the RO concentrate (RO brine) in the water treatment system currently operated at the Fukushima Daiichi site. In this paper, we have studied the behavior of radionuclides in the presently applied RO desalination system and the removal of radionuclides in possible additional adsorption systems for the Fukushima Daiichi waste water treatment. Regarding the RO desalination system, decontamination factors (DFs) of the elements present in the waste water were obtained by lab-scale testing using an RO unit and simulated waste water with non-radioactive elements. The results of the lab-scale testing using representative elements showed that the DF for each element depended on its hydrated ionic radius: the larger the hydrated ionic radius of the element, the higher its DF is. Thus, the DF of each element in the waste water could be estimated based on its hydrated ionic radius. For the adsorption system to remove radionuclides more effectively, we studied adsorption behavior of typical elements, such as radioactive cesium and strontium, by various kinds of adsorbents using batch and column testing. We used batch testing to measure distribution coefficients (Kds) for cesium and strontium onto adsorbents under different brine concentrations that simulated waste water conditions at the Fukushima Daiichi site. For cesium adsorbents, Kds with different dependency on the brine concentration were observed based on the mechanism of cesium adsorption. As for strontium, Kds decreased as the brine concentration increased for any adsorbents which adsorbed strontium by intercalation and by ion exchange. The adsorbent titanium oxide had higher Kds and it was used for the column testing to obtain breakthrough curves under various conditions of pH and brine concentration. The breakthrough point had a dependency on pH and the brine concentration. We found that when the pH was higher or the brine concentration was lower, the longer it took to reach the breakthrough point.


In order to measure the aging state of silicone rubber insulators, a new method of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) measurement is proposed and a portable low field NMR measurement system is developed. This paper introduced a design method of magnet and RF coil of NMR sensor and made a experiment about the aging of composite insulators on 220kV high voltage. The study draw a conclusion that the transverse relaxation time of composite insulators decreases with the increasing of running time. Therefore, low-field NMR can be used to evaluate the aging state of composite insulator umbrella skirt quantitatively.


Imposing a fee on use of the court system by law is a political decision that is possible under our legal system. However, since such fees constrain the right to effective legal protection (ie, the right to take a suit to court), they can only be created if they are proven necessary and suitable to protect other constitutional values or goods and if they meet the test of strict proportionality. However, even if they might pass the constitutionality test in theory, they may not do so in practice, ie, when the same test is applied to specific cases in which the objective amount of the fee could impede the exercise of the right to legal redress (or make it pointless) should the right-holder be unable afford it or when the claim is for a small amount.


Ten Angus heifers and 10 Hereford heifers were fasted for 48 h to study changes in blood glucose, plasma nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and plasma ketone concentrations and their relationships to prefast feeding levels and breed. Prior to fasting, five heifers of each breed were fed for 140 days on one of two rations, which produced significantly different average rates of gain (0.16 vs. 0.47 kg/day) and average depths of subcutaneous adipose tissue (5.0 vs. 10.3 mm). Blood was sampled at 1, 24, and 48 h postfeeding. Blood glucose concentrations were higher (P < 0.01) at 24 h postfeeding but did not change from 24 to 48 h postfeeding. Plasma NEFA concentrations increased during the 48-h fast. Plasma ketones were lower (P < 0.01) at 24 h postfeeding but at 48 h were higher (P < 0.01) than at 1 h postfeeding. Packed cell volume (PCV) increased during 24 and 48 h of fasting. Blood concentrations of glucose, NEFA, and ketones at either 24 or 48 h of fasting were not influenced by prefast feeding level. Ang...


The various preprosthetic periodontal surgical techniques proposed currently, provide a future prosthetic work with better aesthetic results and functional. The objective of this study was to report a clinical case of periodontal surgery for correction of the defect in the alveolar border, by means of the subepithelial connective tissue graft. Patient presented fibrous hyperplastic growth, in the region of the maxilla túber and lip defect in the region of the upper central incisor. After planning the event, were carried out, concomitantly, two plastic surgeries prosthetic periodontal lunches. In the first surgery, a connective tissue graft was removed from the donor area, the maxila túber and then was adapted in the anterior region, receiving area where the defect of flange. Thoughtout a postoperatory period of 45 days, that the choice of surgical technique, the type of graft used for correction of the defect of rim, were pre-requisites for the future success in aesthetic and functional prosthetic rehabilitation.


This paper delineates the best practices that are commonly followed by world class management schools in their governance and pursuit of scholarly activities. It tries to highlight the processes required to become a world class institution and draws implications for schools in India that aspire to become world class. The paper is based on visits to a number of such schools around the world and discussion with faculty and administrators at these schools. It also discusses issues like autonomy, research, governance, compensation and financial independence which are critical for academic development of institutions in India.


Occupying an educational niche, high-fee private schools in the People's Republic of China serve a growing clientele with increasingly refined ideas of what makes up a 'modern', 'international' education. What from a broader perspective looks like a typical example of a world-wide trend towards the commercialization of education, constitutes, in nominally still socialist China, also the return of the private for educational consumers. However, the consumption of this newly gained private space does not happen at random, but takes place within the frame set both by the state and by locally mediated ideas of what defines 'private education'. In other words, it depends both on the governance of education and on its discursively enacted governmentality. My paper will deal with how globally circulating ideas about 'private education' and 'governing education' take shape on the ground in China. By looking at how global governance/governmentality models are appropriated and enacted at different sites – the discursive spaces of decision makers and implementers as well as the consumption spaces in private education within the schools – the paper will show how 'private education' entails a multiplicity of meanings or, to link it back to the global discourse, a panoply of globalities, each of them embedded in a complex web of histories, practices, and desires. (Less)


Objective To optimize the extraction and purification process of total lignans from Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus.Methods Orthogonal design was used to optimize the extraction process,with the yield of total lignans as the detecting index,and the purification method was preliminary studied.Results The optimum extraction technology for total lignans from Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus was as follows: the Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus was reflux extracted for 2 h with 4 fold volume of 75 % ethanol,then the extract was washed with ethyl acetate.Conclusion The purity can be increased by 10 times.


Although research has shown that general cognitive ability is related to performance during the initial stage of skill acquisition, empirical evidence is needed to increase understanding of the primary abilities responsible for the relation. We propose that verbal working memory is related to initial skill acquisition performance based on cognitive activities people enact when learning complex skills. After completing a general cognitive ability measure and a test of verbal working memory, 120 undergraduate students performed a complex computer simulation. The working memory test accounted for a meaningful amount of performance variance after statistically controlling for the general cognitive ability measure. These data suggest that tasks depending heavily on the activation of multiple knowledge structures may be understood in terms of individual differences in working memory.


Confocal microscopy is currently being used to obtain images with higher lateral and axial resolution than conventional light microscopic techniques. Most current confocal microscopic applications describe the use of in vitro preparations. The tandem scanning microscope (TSM) can be applied in the in vivo microscopic evaluation of living tissue. This article discusses in vivo applications of the TSM in the study of human teeth and skin.


The White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) has a high virulence, can attacks shrimp at post larval stage (PL) to adult, with mortality above 60% up to 100%. Shrimp resistance to pathogens can vary based on the life cycle of shrimp. Research has been conducted in April-July 2018, which aims to determine the presence of WSSV in Vanname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) based on shrimp live stages or different age of shrimp. The vanname shrimp samples examined were vanname shrimp which were maintained at BPBAPLWS Pangandaran. Observation of the presence of WSSV using molecular analysis carried out at the virus laboratory of SKIPM Bandung, which included detection of WSSV virus in vanname shrimp on juvenile stage (PL 8-PL12), sub adult (14 days -30 days), and adult (> 30 <75 days). The number of shrimp samples was 15 individu for each stage, divided into 3 replications. Detection was carried out by the PCR method on the target organ of the swimming feet and gills. Water quality parameters measured including temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), and ammonia, The results of molecular analysis of vanname shrimp in juvenile, sub-adult and adult, show negative results. This shows that the vaname shrimp where is maintained at BPBAPLWS is not infected with the WSS virus. This healthy condition of vanname shrimp is due to the vanname shrimp cultivation technique that is it applies according to SNI 8037.1:2014 and CBIB for Vannamei shrimp and the quality of maintenance water in the hatchery and brackish water ponds, still meets water quality quality standards for vanname shrimp cultivation based on PERMEN KP No 75 Tahun 2016 SNI no 8037.1:2014, and SNI 7311:2009. Keyword : Live stage ,PCR, Shrimp, Vaname, WSSV GSJ: Volume 7, Issue 7, July 2019 ISSN 2320-9186 1037 GSJ© 2019 www.globalscientificjournal.com


Background and Aim: Although fingertip injuries are common, there is limited literature on its epidemiology. This study examines the clinical characteristics of fingertip injuries in adults treated at a tertiary medical hospital. The aim of the study is to investigate and examine the epidemiological variables impacting patients' fingertip injuries in a tertiary care hospital in Kancheepuram.
Methods: An epidemiological study of patients with fingertip injuries managed at a tertiary hospital in Kancheepuram over a period of twelve months (March 2020-March 2021). The patients' profile as well as the clinical presentation, management options and the outcome of care of the patients were documented and analyzed using descriptive statistics.
Results: Fifty one fingertips patients were managed. The median age was 23.50 years, with 88% of male. 36 [70%] injuries involved accidents in their workplace. A total of 34 [66%] injuries occurred in the fingers of the right hand. The management offered included PSS (Primary Skin Suturing), V-Y flap, RHAF, Nail bed repair and K wire fixation. About 91.5 % of the patients reported a satisfactory outcome.
Conclusion: In the workplace, right-handed males between the ages of 18 and 25 are more prone to have fingertip injuries. While proper diagnosis and adequate response are critical for a positive result in fingertip injuries, a safer environment and workplace would assist to alleviate the burden.


Anti-ferromagnetic (AF) heavy-fermion (HF) metals frequently exhibit a quantum critical point (QCP), i.e. a continuous disappearance of AF order at zero temperature as a function of a non-thermal control parameter, like pressure. Commonly, unconventional (d-wave) superconductivity (SC) is observed in the vicinity of such a QCP. In this article, the interplay between quantum criticality and SC in HF metals is discussed. The latter can be well described in the framework of the Kondo lattice (KL) model. After introducing HFs and giving an overview on HF superconductivity, the characteristic energy scales in KL systems are addressed. Subsequently, we concentrate on the isostructural compounds CeCu2Si2 and YbRh2Si2. CeCu2Si2 is a prototypical HF superconductor which shows a QCP of itinerant, i.e. three-dimensional (3D) spin-density-wave (SDW) type. Overdamped, nearly quantum-critical SDW fluctuations are concluded from inelastic-neutron-scattering results to be the driving force for SC (Tc ≈ 0.6 K) in this compound. While the QCP in several other Ce-based HF superconductors is presumably of the SDW variety too, it is likely to be of the local, i.e. Kondo destroying type in the pressure-induced superconductor CeRhIn5. YbRh2Si2 has been identified as a prototype HF metal exhibiting such a Kondo breakdown QCP, often named a (T = 0) 4f-orbital selective Mott transition. This compound is not a superconductor at T ˃ 10 mK. Systematically searching for and studying SC near Kondo destroying QCPs may offer a link to unconventional SC in other families of correlated materials, such as the doped Mott insulators in the high-Tc cuprates and some of the organic charge-transfer salts.


Abstract:What would happen to Peirce's study of signs if we did not focus to such a great extent on such phenomena as a sunflower turning toward the sun, or a person knocking on a door, or the formation of a fossil, or even a string of sentences woven into a text such as a literary essay or scientific memoir, but rather preoccupied ourselves with such complex and open-ended phenomena as the history of a science (say, the science of biology)? Would this make any difference for how we (for example) conceive the object of semiosis? Moreover, do not the paradigmatic instances of the experimental sciences in which Peirce was most interested display their vitality as much as anywhere in the continual refashioning (at least, rethinking) of their most basic concepts? These are the questions with which the author of this essay concerns himself.


The panelists highlighted a challenge in the AI system measurement space: unknown-unknowns (the things we do not know, that we do not know) in ML cause cascading problems in the models. Resolving false positives and false negatives is difficult in many cases. Measuring the "understanding" of an AI/ML system presents challenges and opportunities. Understanding is the interpretation of a situation including context, insight and foresight. Humans expend enormous effort to build and manage shared understanding. That effort is a continuous, interactive process. Humans can discuss and maintain a shared context of understanding, repairing and aligning a shared understanding frequently in conversation. Existing models often simply classify, and cannot expose a model that humans can understand. The problem for measuring useful understanding is expensive, but not impossible to scale. Panelists suggested there is a lot to learn from embracing uncertainty, controlling internal validity less, and relying less on statistical conclusions. Instead, panelists suggested considering external validity and how results from experiments could generalize.


Abstract One‐year‐old rooted cuttings of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinot blanc clone 55, grafted on "S.O.4" and "41 B" hybrid rootstocks, were grown in pots containing a calcareous soil. Before potting, the roots were infected by the VAM fungus (Glomus mosseae) and by a suspension of the following endophytic bacteria: Erwinia sp., Pseudomonas fluorescens, Enterobacter cloacae. The shoot growth was checked every ten days and leaf blade chlorophyll and mineral elements were assayed at the middle of the annual growing cycle as well as the mineral composition of the leaf petiole. Chlorosis was rated by visual screening as well in order to control the effect of the root treatments on the chlorosis occurrence. The most significant findings of the trial were: a) root infection with Erwinia sp. and Pseudomonas fluorescens increased the chlorophyll concentration over the untreated plants in both the graft combinations, b) the plants grafted on "S.O.4" rootstock did benefit from the treatment with Glomus mosseae as wel...


In many patients respiratory motion causes motion artifacts in CT images, thereby inhibiting precise treatment planning and lowering the ability to target radiation to tumors. The 4D Phantom, which includes a 3D stage and a 1D stage that each are capable of arbitrary motion and timing, was developed to serve as an end-to-end radiation therapy QA device that could be used throughout CT imaging, radiation therapy treatment planning, and radiation therapy delivery. The dynamic accuracy of the system was measured with a camera system. The positional error was found to be equally likely to occur in the positive and negative directions for each axis, and the stage was within 0.1 mm of the desired position 85% of the time. In an experiment designed to use the 4D Phantom's encoders to measure trial-to-trial precision of the system, the 4D Phantom reproduced the motion during variable bag ventilation of a transponder that had been bronchoscopically implanted in a canine lung. In this case, the encoder readout indicated that the stage was within 10 microns of the sent position 94% of the time and that the RMS error was 7 microns. Motion artifacts were clearly visible in 3D and respiratory-correlated (4D) CT scans of phantoms reproducing tissue motion. In 4D CT scans, apparent volume was found to be directly correlated to instantaneous velocity. The system is capable of reproducing individual patient-specific tissue trajectories with a high degree of accuracy and precision and will be useful for end-to-end radiation therapy QA.


In commenting on Kathleen Sullivan's Brennan Lecture, Constitutionalizing Women's Equality, I am, in a sense, continuing a conversation begun nearly fifteen years ago, in a seminar on Groups, Inequality, and the Constitution, which was the first course Sullivan taught as a professor and one of the last I took as a student at the Harvard Law School. The first item worthy of comment in this Brennan Center Jorde Symposium is how little has changed in the intervening years with respect to the constitutional law concerning the group whose equality is here at issue: women.' Indeed, so little has changed that Sullivan could well have delivered a virtually identical lecture fifteen years ago. Perhaps because the core of this law has been so firmly established for so many years after having been so close to nonexistent for so many preceding centuries, Sullivan's lecture is largely backward looking, with little in the way of predictions or prescriptions for the future. In this response, I offer my own version of the history and then apply some of Sullivan's analytic dichotomies in a somewhat more forward-looking way, to aspects of the constitutionalization of women's equality not yet fully settled in American law. As to the history,2 I have a somewhat different perspective on both the work of Ruth Bader Ginsburg and the role of race in constitutionalizing


The article analyzes the emergence of the phenomenon of 'Islamic state" as a destructive element in the Middle East, and as a factor threatening the safety of the Russian Federation. It is noted that the civil war in the Middle East ceased to be regional in nature, becoming the platform for the struggle of various power interests of the whole group of countries and peoples including the right-wing military-political union "soldiers of Allah". Pointing to Russia as one of the main enemies of the 'Islamic State", Abu Bakr Al Baghdadi made it clear that the Caliphate is going to threaten Russia's safety. In conclusion it is indicated that if in the near future the political leadership of the Russian Federation does not find effective steps to deal with this threat, the influence of the Islamic state on the Russian and world politics will probably increase strongly.


Since the railroad accidents due to the human error occupy considerable proportion among the railroad accidents, it is necessary to study the propriety of the physical examination system for the railroad workers. Our government is promoting some systematic supplementation for railroad safety on the basis of the Railroad Safety Act. In this paper, we perform a comparative analysis of domestic and foreign physical examination systems for railroad workers. We also compare the physical examination system for public officials with that for railroad workers. Then we consult expert opinions of the Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. Through the comparative analysis, we provide useful information that is needed to amend the physical examination system.


Abstract Crystal structures and magnetic properties are investigated for new quaternary sulfides Ba Ln 2 T S 5 ( Ln =La, Ce, Pr, Nd; T =Co, Zn) and BaNd 2 MnS 5 . These compounds crystallize in a tetragonal structure (space group I 4 mcm ), which is isostructural with BaLa 2 MnS 5 . Their lattice parameters increase monotonically with the sizes of the lanthanide and transition metal. The increase of the a values is mainly due to the lanthanide size, and that of the c values is due to the transition metal size. In Ba Ln 2 CoS 5 , the Co 2+ ions have the unquenched orbital moments. In BaNd 2 MnS 5 , the magnetic anomaly due to the antiferromagnetic ordering of the Mn 2+ ion, is found at 63 K. Antiferromagnetic orderings for the Co 2+ ions are observed at ca. 65 K in Ba Ln 2 CoS 5 ( Ln =La, Ce, Pr, Nd). For BaNd 2 T S 5 ( T =Mn, Co, Zn), the Nd 3+ ions also show antiferromagnetic behavior below 6 K.


A one-dimensional free boundary problem arising in the modelling of internal oxidation of binary alloys is studied in this paper. The free boundary of this problem is determined by the equation u = 0, where u is the solution of a parabolic partial differential equation with discontinuous coefficients across the free boundary. Local existence, uniqueness and the regularity of the free boundary are established. Global existence is also studied.


All pesticide research using human subjects must meet our strict protective standards before we would consider using them in evaluating pesticides. EPA's regulation "Protections for Subjects in Human Research" was promulgated in 2006 and amended in 2013.


Multinet is a connectionist architecture designed for certain difficult multi-class pattern classification tasks. These are characterised by very large input feature spaces, rendering a monolithic classifier impractical. The architecture consists of a layer with at least one primary 'detector' for each class, followed by a combining net which estimates the posterior probabilities for all classes. Typically primary detectors only input a subset of the input features. Thus the architecture decomposes classification in two ways: by class and by factoring of the input space dimensions. Multinet incorporates the ideas of Modular Neural Networks and Ensembles. In this paper we investigate the use of Multinet on standard speech recognition tasks and present results for phoneme recognition on TIMIT and word recognition on RM. We show Multinet's performance is comparable with standard HMM and hybrid HMM-NN systems that we run on the same tasks. The value and potential of the Multinet approach is shown by detailing successive improvements to the Multinet system which are easily obtained because of the modularity of the architecture.


Introduction: It is well known that nuclear grooves play a major role in the diagnosis of papillary carcinoma thyroid (PCT). Furthermore, grooves are found in many nonneoplastic lesions of thyroid. Aims: The aim of this study is to calculate the percentage of nuclear grooves in histopathologically proven cases of papillary carcinoma and nonneoplastic lesions (Hashimoto's thyroiditis and colloid goiter). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was carried out by reviewing the data and cytology smears of 21 histopathologically confirmed cases of PCT and 10 cases each of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and colloid goiter. The percentage of nuclear grooves was calculated in oil immersion by counting 100–500 cells depending on the cellularity. Results: The percentage of nuclear grooving ranged from 15% to 85% in the papillary carcinoma cases. Greater than 20% nuclear grooves were observed in 19 (90.4%) of the cases. Nuclear crowding and overlapping, pale chromatin, nuclear grooves, nuclear enlargement, and prominent nucleoli were seen in all (100%) cases. Intranuclear cytoplasmic pseudoinclusions were seen in only 5 (23.8%) of the cases. Histiocytes, metaplastic cells, and multinucleated giant cells were seen in 12 (57.1%), 10 (47.6%), and 6 (28.5%) of the cases. The percentage of nuclear grooves in nonneoplastic cases overall observed was <10%. The sensitivity and specificity of grooves for PCT at ≥20% were 90.5% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: Whenever in doubt, a diagnosis of papillary carcinoma can be offered confidently by this semiquantitative approach for grooves in combination with other features.


In this paper the time evolution of substrate concentration profiles in spherical particles with homogeneous enzyme distribution is investigated. It turns out that the concentration S S(x, t) is monotone increasing in the time variable t against the uniquely defined steady state Ŝ Ŝ(x). Explizit formulas are derived for the estimation of the difference between the steady state Ŝ and the presteady state S, that hold for all t ≧ 0, i.c., it is not only determined the order of magnitude of the convergence for sufficiently large t.


The purpose of this essay is to analyse and discuss Swedish pupils' use of the get-passive in written language and to find out whether they use the get-passive according to rules or simply randomly. The purpose is also to look at possible reasons for the pupils' use of the get-passive and the potential consequences of it. The analysis and discussion are based on translations of ten different sentences containing passive constructions made by 23 pupils in year nine at a secondary school in the outskirts of Gothenburg. The get-passive had not been introduced to the class by the teacher. What can be seen in the pupils' answers is that the get-passive is used more frequently in some sentences than in others. Although nothing can be said with certainty, one likely reason for this is that the pupils incorporate what they have heard on TV or in music and media into their written language.


Electricity distribution infrastructure is one of the most important part of a country infrastructure. The main function of electrical power distribution network is to provide power to consumers. LIDAR data can produce highly detailed topographic maps with high accuracy. This data can be used in many cases, but mainly for the purpose of cadastral information system and management of electricity distribution infrastructure. The crucial elements which had to be extracted in this work are poles, wires, power lines, substations and nearby objects. It is necessary to process recorded data with certain operations that enable right amount of information. Problem with LIDAR 3D data is classification of points. It is noticed that using automatic classification some data can not be derived. For example, wires can not be detected if there was vegetation nearby. Also the same problem is with street furniture and other small objects. Every single point that belongs to specific object in point cloud has to be in appropriate point class. Automatic classification of 3D point cloud can not detect all points of one object, so it is necessary to use semi-automatic classification. This paper describes the method how to use semi-automatic and manual classification in order to extract valid 2D/3D data. The paper also analyses how to combine orthophoto and oblique images with LIDAR 3D data for the area of interest. By using the combination of the two datasets, it is possible to detect more details. After 2D/3D vectorization and point classification derived data is used to create DTM (Digital Terrain Model), longitudinal profiles, cadastral maps. __________________________________________________________________________________________ Semi-Automatic Classification of Power Lines by Using Airborne Lidar (8862) Dragana Popović, Vladimir Pajić, Dušan Jovanović, Filip Sabo and Jovana Radović (Serbia) FIG Working Week 2017 Surveying the world of tomorrow From digitalisation to augmented reality Helsinki, Finland, May 29–June 2, 2017


I seek to make sense of the variety of performance differentials between foreign and local firms observed in international competition and to examine the circumstances that explain these varying outcomes. Toward this end, I develop a theoretical framework that allows for situations in which the costs and advantages that foreign firms have relative to local firms are stronger, weaker, or nonexisting. In this framework, the costs and advantages are measured relative to local firms, and the balance between them determines performance. Tests of the hypotheses on samples of local and foreign financial services firms in London show that affiliates experience the costs and advantages differentially in relation to local firms with varying characteristics. Affiliates enjoy superior advantages when compared with purely domestic local firms, but these differences disappear when affiliates are compared with local multinational enterprises (MNEs). Ownership levels significantly influence the strength of the costs and advantages, but different entry modes undertaken by MNEs have no discernible effect. These findings contribute to the understanding of the implications of foreignness in international competition and the reasons for it being an asset under certain circumstances and a liability under others. They illustrate the merits for practice of understanding the grounds for performance differentials between foreign and local firms, in that different reasons for this outcome require different strategic responses.


Rail steel under low temperature condition become more widely used with the construction of Qinghai-Tibet Railway.It's necessary to make research on their fracture properties.Two typical rail steel materials U71Mn and U75V in Qinghai-Tibet Railway were given by three-point bending test under the temperature of 20℃,0℃,-20℃,-40℃ and-60℃ to obtain CTOD and J integral values.Analysis and discussion have been made on the influence of temperature value and chemical composition of rail steel on fracture property.Some suggestions have been proposed finally.


By using different operating parameters the samples made of both float clear glass and Low-E glass were tempered respectively in electric radiation horizontal tempering furnace and forced convection-radiation horizontal tempering furnace. Afterwards, the surface stress of the samples were measured by GASP-132 surface polarimeter and stress graphs were displayed by SM-100 stress meter. The results show that the tempering stress of Low-E glass is evenly distributed when forced convection-radiation heating method is used.


We report the charge transfer dependence on CO2 hydrogenation activity to methanol in Cu nanoparticles covered with metal–organic framework systems.


This chapter provides a review of existing research on learning gain and related topics in higher education. The methodology adopted is a form of systematic review. The origins and meaning of learning gain, and its relation to similar terms, are discussed. The ways in which learning gain has been applied in practice and in research are considered. The issues raised by this practice and research are examined, and the various criticisms made are reviewed. Some conclusions are then drawn.


ing. On August 17, 1999, at 3:00 a.m. local time, an earthquake measuring 7.4 on the Richter scale with an epicenter near the Turkish city of Izmit, 100 kilometers east of the capital Istanbul, devastated a large area. Casualties were estimated to be 20,000 dead and 50,000 injured. One United Nations report stated that 350,000 housing units and business premises were damaged or destroyed. The net cost of the earthquake was in the region of US$3.6–$6.5 billion. Much of the (tourism) infrastructure of Izmit and the immediate surrounding area was destroyed or damaged (e.g., roads, bridges, houses, offices). The chapter discusses the tragedy, the tremendous international assistance from more than 64 countries (e.g., the United States, the United Kingdom, Israel, Germany), and Turkey's recovery from the earthquake. Of note during the recovery efforts were (1) international assistance in rebuilding damaged infrastructure, (2) strengthening and enforcing building regulations to protect structures against the impact of earthquakes, (3) developing better procedural guidelines to facilitate rescue or evacuation from danger zones, and (4) establishing a crisis management team, by the Turkish Ministry of Tourism, to control press releases and messages tailored to the travel industry, the public, and the media. The excellent Turkish Tourism Web site (www. tourism.turkey.org) was used to reinforce the prime messages that tourism infrastructure was essentially undamaged, access to the country and popular sites was unaffected, and that tourists were safe if they visited. Chapter 11 ("Australia: Port Arthur Massacre, 1996") is informative. Two-thirds of mainland Australia is desert or semidesert. South of the continent is the verdant island state of Tasmania. Tasmania is primarily a popular domestic short-break destination for mainland Australians. On the southeastern coast of the island is Port Arthur. On April 28, 1996, Martin Bryant, a young intellectually impaired man, shot to death 35 people (most of whom were interstate Australian tourists) and injured many more at Port Arthur. This horrible incident received worldwide media coverage (e.g., by the BBC, CNN, etc.), and tourist visits to Tasmania dropped precipitously for about 6 months after the tragedy. Overall, the Tasmanian tourism industry's management of the Port Arthur massacre is an exemplary role model in how to manage such a crisis. Key elements of its success were (1) the high level of cooperation between the Tasmanian tourism industry's public and private sectors; (2) the support of the major domestic airlines, Qantas and Ansett; and (3) a clearly defined public relations approach that indicated that the event was aberrant, that its impact localized, and that Tasmania was a safe and desirable destination. Within about a year after the incident, Tasmanian tourism had recovered fully and the site of the massacre had become a touristic site. Restoring Tourism Destinations in Crisis is an interesting and informative book. It is a useful guide in how to manage crises in the tourism industry, a record of such crises for future researchers, and a fascinating reading book for students in travel and tourism programs. Perhaps future books on the topic should include more photographs of the sites in crisis as well as separate chapters on lessons learned and failed restorative strategies as well as successful ones.


Abstract. Volunteer geographical information (VGI) either in the context of citizen science, active crowdsourcing and even passive crowdsourcing has been proven useful in various societal domains such as natural hazards, health status, disease epidemic and biological monitoring. Nonetheless, the variable degrees or unknown quality due to the crowdsourcing settings are still an obstacle for fully integrating these data sources in environmental studies and potentially in policy making. The data curation process in which a quality assurance (QA) is needed is often driven by the direct usability of the data collected within a data conflation process or data fusion (DCDF) combining the crowdsourced data into one view using potentially other data sources as well. Using two examples, namely land cover validation and inundation extent estimation, this paper discusses the close links between QA and DCDF in order to determine whether a disentanglement can be beneficial or not to a better understanding of the data curation process and to its methodology with respect to crowdsourcing data. Far from rejecting the usability quality criterion, the paper advocates for a decoupling of the QA process and the DCDF step as much as possible but still in integrating them within an approach analogous to a Bayesian paradigm.


The injection of 2-3 g/kg body weight of glucose inhibits the diabetogenic action of subsequently injected alloxan (65 mg/kg) and protects against the lethal effect of 100-120 mg alloxan/kg in the dog. Protection is less marked when glucose and alloxan are administered together. Insulin injections in doses sufficient to induce severe hypoglycaemia sensitize the dogs in such a manner as to convert non-diabetogenic doses ofalloxan (30 mg/kg body weight) into diabetogenic


Abstract : Idiopathic urinary bladder stone disease was studied in children living in Thailand, Pakistan, and Egypt. In Thailand the approach taken was to study subjects living in endemic and non-endemic stone areas to determine nutritional and biochemical differences between the two populations. In Egypt and Pakistan, patients with bladder stone disease were compared to subjects of the same age without stones. (Author)


A baseline geochemical study of stream sediments and waters of the Macleay River catchment in northeastern New South Wales indicates that although most of the catchment is unaffected by anthropogenic or natural inputs of heavy metals and metalloids, the Bakers Creek – trunk Macleay-floodplain system has been strongly affected by mining-derived Sb and As. The dispersion train from the Hillgrove Sb – Au mining area to the Pacific Ocean is over 300 km in length. Ore and mineralised altered rock from Hillgrove contains vein, breccia-hosted and disseminated stibnite, arsenopyrite, pyrite and traces of gold. Historic (pre-1970) mine-waste disposal practices have resulted in high to extreme contamination of stream sediments and waters by Sb and As for ∼50 km downstream, with high Au values in the sediments. In this high-energy fluvial interval, average values of Sb in stream sediment exceed the catchment background (1.1 ppm Sb) by a factor exceeding 200. Similarly, average As values exceed catchment background (7.9 ppm As) by a factor of over 20. Drinking-water guideline values for Sb and As are exceeded by one to three orders of magnitude. Further downstream, stream sediments and floodplain sediments have lower Sb and As contents, although Sb values consistently exceed current interim sediment quality guideline values. Water quality in the trunk Macleay is not strongly affected and drinking-water guideline values for Sb and As are only exceeded locally. Although small volumes of near-neutral mine-water seepages at Hillgrove contain extreme values of dissolved Sb and As, it is likely that much of the stream-water loadings of Sb and As have been liberated from reaction with contaminated stream sediments under near-neutral oxidising conditions. It is demonstrated that Sb and, to a lesser extent As, are bioavailable, with uptake into common riparian vegetation and aquatic alga species. Flood dispersion of contaminated sediment over the Macleay floodplain has formed a layer up to 60 cm thick. In this environment, mobility and bioavailability of Sb and As occur in reducing organic-rich conditions in backswamps, oxidising acidic conditions attending acid sulfate soils and in contemporary pasture and crop growth. Estimates of sediment migration rates and amounts of Sb and As transported in suspension and solution imply that the catchment contamination will be long-term (centuries to millennia) such that environmental effects need to be ascertained and management strategies implemented.


Asthma has traditionally been seen as a treatment-responsive and reversible inflammatory process, while COPD has been characterised by fixed airway narrowing and alveolar destruction not responsive to treatment. However, in the past two decades there has been increasing evidence on the airway non-reversibility of asthma especially among the elderly patients. This condition has been referred to as overlap syndrome, as they have overlapping features of asthma and COPD. Our case study illustrates the fact that daily high inhaled corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment, and co-management of such patients with our respiratory colleagues is crucial in stabilising this disease.


A novel relaxation phenomenon occurs in buried SrRuO3 layers in strained (Ca1-xSrx) (Zr1-xRux)O3/SrRuO3/SrTiO3 (001) thin film system. The lightly strained SrRuO3 buried layer is initially clamped by the SrTiO3 substrate. After a heavily strained (Ca1-xSrx) (Zr1-xRux)O3 overlayer is deposited, localized strain relaxation develops in the buried layer. This is manifested by a crosshatch pattern of 〈100〉 corrugations on the surface, due to the slip of 〈100〉 {100} threading dislocations. The phenomenon can be controlled by tuning the growth kinetics and strain energy of the overlayer. Comments Copyright American Physical Society. Reprinted from Applied Physics Letters, Volume 89, Issue 3, Article 031905, July 2006, 5 pages. Publisher URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2221900 This journal article is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn.edu/mse_papers/111 Strain relaxation in buried SrRuO3 layer in "Ca1−xSrx..."Zr1−xRux...O3/SrRuO3/SrTiO3 system Soo Gil Kim, Yudi Wang, and I-Wei Chen Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104 Received 17 April 2006; accepted 25 May 2006; published online 18 July 2006 A novel relaxation phenomenon occurs in buried SrRuO3 layers in strained Ca1−xSrx Zr1−xRux O3/SrRuO3/SrTiO3 001 thin film system. The lightly strained SrRuO3 buried layer is initially clamped by the SrTiO3 substrate. After a heavily strained Ca1−xSrx Zr1−xRux O3 overlayer is deposited, localized strain relaxation develops in the buried layer. This is manifested by a crosshatch pattern of 100 corrugations on the surface, due to the slip of 110 110 threading dislocations. The phenomenon can be controlled by tuning the growth kinetics and strain energy of the overlayer. © 2006 American Institute of Physics. DOI: 10.1063/1.2221900 Thin films grown on lattice-mismatched substrates can undergo strain relaxation by generating threading and misfit dislocations. Subsequently, film surfaces develop a crosshatch topography reflecting dislocation slip traces undergoing diffusional smoothing. In 100 III-V semiconductor layers on 100 substrates e.g., InGaAs/GaAs, SiGe/Si , 110 dislocations on 111 slip planes leave 110 surface traces arranged in a 90° crosshatch grid pattern. Crosshatch morphology has also been reported for SrRuO3 SRO films deposited on 100 oriented SrTiO3 STO substrates misfit strain m=0.64% , but only in thick films 320 nm after postdeposition annealing 8 h at 650 °C . Here we report the first observation of crosshatch development which relaxes a lightly strained buried layer SRO burdened by a heavily strained overlayer SRO-alloyed CaZrO3 CZO . The relaxation occurs via 110 110 dislocations. Multilayer CZO 1−x SRO x /SRO/STO films were grown on 001 STO substrates by laser ablation deposition using a KrF laser =248 nm emitting 200 mJ pulses. The substrates with a miscut angle 0.3° were prepared per Refs. 10 and 11 to provide TiO2-terminated surfaces with steps of a unit cell height 0.4 nm . A 20 nm STO layer was first deposited at 700 °C in 100 mTorr O2 which grew in a step-flow manner. Next, SRO was grown under the same condition to a thickness b of 30 nm, which was too thin to cause strain relaxation during either deposition or postdeposition annealing e.g., 650 °C for 1 h . Finally, an overlayer of Ca1−xSrx Zr1−xRux O3 of various thicknesses o and compositions x was deposited at various temperatures T and O2 pressures P to impart additional strain energy to the Ca1−xSrx Zr1−xRux O3/SRO/STO system. The film thickness, lattice parameters, and full width at half maximum FWHM of the crystal orientations e.g., scan of 002 reflection of SRO were determined by a four-circle x-ray diffractometer Bruker-AXS D8 using a Cu K source. The surface morphology was observed by atomic force microscopy AFM . The as-grown SRO film has a step-and-terrace structure Fig. 1 a . Its out-of-plane lattice parameter cb , 0.3954 nm determined from Fig. 2 a , is larger than the stress-free lattice parameter 0.3930 nm indicating a state of in-plane compressive strain b set to match the substrate STO lattice parameter 0.3905 nm . Despite the strain, the FWHM of SRO 002 plane, 0.05°, is only slightly higher than that of the substrate 0.03° . So the SRO film was probably clamped and not yet relaxed. The subsequent overlayer deposition may take either a two-dimensional 2D or a threedimensional 3D island-growth mode. Under the latter condition e.g., P 10−2 Torr, T=650 °C , the buried SRO film a Electronic mail: email@example.com FIG. 1. Color online AFM images of a SrRuO3 on SrTiO3 001 substrate, with additional Ca0.93Sr0.07 Zr0.93Ru0.07 O3 overlayer deposited at b 650 °C/10 mTorr to 20 nm, c 650 °C/1 mTorr to 20 nm, d 650 °C/1 mTorr to 10 nm, and e 650 °C/1 mTorr to 30 nm, or with f additional 20 nm CaZrO3 overlayer deposited at 650 °C/10 −6 Torr. APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS 89, 031905 2006 0003-6951/2006/89 3 /031905/3/$23.00 © 2006 American Institute of Physics 89, 031905-1 Downloaded 27 Nov 2006 to 22.214.171.124. Redistribution subject to AIP license or copyright, see http://apl.aip.org/apl/copyright.jsp typically showed a little change in cb Figs. 2 b and 2 c , and the surface morphology remained flat Fig. 1 b . In contrast, under the former condition e.g., P 10−3 Torr, T =650 °C , the buried film often showed a cb reduction Figs. 2 d and 2 e , together with the development of a crosshatch surface pattern Fig. 1 c . This suggests that crosshatch is associated with the 2D growth of a coherent overlayer which strains the system to the point of triggering relaxation in the buried layer, whereas the 3D growth of an overlayer has little effect. To further substantiate the above claim, we have investigated the overlayer deposition under a wide range of conditions x, o, T, and P , and documented the crosshatch observation, growth modes, and the strains in the overlayer and buried layer. Since the in-plane strain of the overlayer o is related to the out-of-plane strain, o =−2 o / 1− , where is the Poisson's ratio, we can evaluate o by o = co /coo −1, where co is the out-of-plane lattice parameter of the overlayer, and coo its stress-free value coo nm =0.4012 1−x +0.3930x, given CZO lattice parameter =0.4012 nm . The correlations to o o of the overlayer are shown in Fig. 3 for P, T, and the cb and FWHM of the buried layer. In all cases, it is apparent that a crosshatch never develops in 3D growth, b o o 0.4 nm is required for crosshatch to form in 2D growth, and c both cb and FWHM of the buried layer are constant for o o 0.4 nm, but cb decreases and FWHM increases for o o 0.4 nm. A subset of the latter correlation is shown for o variation in Fig. 2 inset; similar observations were also made when P, T, or x were varied. A causal relation between crosshatch formation, growth mode, and the o o of the overlayer is thus established. Several points are noteworthy. First, the 2D/3D growth mode transition typically took place at high P and low T Figs. 3 a and 3 b , corresponding to a relatively low kinetic energy of incoming atoms and low thermal energy of adatoms, respectively. Since in 3D growth the side surfaces of islands are free of constraint, the overlayer can elastically relax despite clamping by the buried layer beneath, thus adding little driving force for strain relaxation. Second, as crosshatch develops at lower P and higher T, its grid spacing l decreases with o o ; e.g., as o increases from 10 to 30 nm o o from 0.239 to 0.611 nm l decreases from 218 to 120 nm Fig. 1 d and 1 e indicating more strain relaxation in thicker film. Third, although coo increases with decreasing x, the excessive mismatch of CZO m =2.67% films cannot be supported by the overlayer in coherent growth, resulting in a 2D/3D growth transition. Fig. 1 f , where o of the CZO layer is only 1%. Lastly, despite the preponderance of crosshatch formation in the present study, it was possible to grow a highly strained crosshatchfree overlayer e.g., x=0.1, o=20 nm, and o o =0.39 nm by using relatively low T and high P e.g., 625 °C/10−3 Torr or 600 °C/10−4 Torr , conditions at the border of 2D/3D growth mode yet giving relatively smooth surfaces. According to x-ray diffraction, the crosshatch grid aligns along 100 Fig. 1 c . This is consistent with the operation of 110 110 dislocations, a dominant slip system in perovskites, depicted in Fig. 4 inset with a 010 slip trace and a dislocation with a Burgers vector b of 0.552 nm. Using the method of Freund and assuming a uniform shear modulus in the entire system, we can write the driving force G on threading dislocation advance as G = 2 b o o + b b sin sin 1 +


In the hold-up problem, incomplete contracts cause proceeds of investments to be shared by bargaining. This paper, motivated by behavioural theories on social preferences, investigates the eciency of incomplete contracts if the investors'


[Objective] This paper aims to make a bioinformatics analysis on the functional site and fingerprint of CagI protein in helicobacter pylori cag pathogenicity island and further explore the functions of CagM protein. [Methods] Use PROSITE SCAN: http://www.expasy.ch/cgi-bin/ prosite/PSScan.cgi server to search the fingerprint sequence of CagI protein and analyze and discuss the possible functions. [Results] The search of PROSITE SCAN found that CagI protein has four kinds of functional sites: N-glycosylation site, protein kinase C phosphorylation site, casein kinase II phosphorylation site, and myristoylation acting site; the search of fingerPRINTScan and printsBLAST server found sixteen fingerprint tags of CagI protein: helicobacter pylori vacuolating toxin tag; flagellin tag; ATP synthetase δ subunit tag; helicobacter pylori outer membrane protein family tag, etc. It is predicted preliminarily that CagI protein also has these functions. [Conclusion] As a kind of secretory protein, CagI protein will be secreted to the outer membrane to form the membrane protein, which will become one part of elicobacter pylori IV type production secretion pilus involved in signal transduction and material transportation and acting as a messenger or carrier, and it many have hydrolase activity and ATP/GTP enzyme activity.*Fund program: National Nature Science Foundation Project (30870096); National Science Foundation Project in Jiangsu Colleges (08KJB310001)


Over the past few years, vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have been shown to have significant potential in areas such as optical communication, computing and interconnection. Presently, temperature improvements are being sought in order to provide more reliable devices that are able to operate uniformly without the need of heal dissipating apparatus. Here, we implement several design strategies and achieve over 120°C cw lasing with more than 2.0mW of optical power at 90°C Moreover, we control threshold currents to a relatively constant value, varying only ±0.45 mA (15%) over a large temperature range of 80°C.


Land use system is a complicated and macro system with dissipative structure.It has orderly characteristics of function and structure.The order degree of land use system is applied to express information entropy values and the applications in the regulation of the land use struc-ture in a region are discussed in this paper.The information entropy values of land use structure in different periods of time and regions sare calculated,and the laws and causes are analysed.Firstly,the information entropy values of land use structure of Lishui city in Zhejiang Province and the province itself covering the peri-od of1990to1999are calculated.The results show that the information entropy values in1990are the lowest and then rise.They fall after they arrive at the highest values.This indicates that the land use systems go through a course from order to disorder and returning to order.Secondly,the information entropy values of land use structure of the whole country and the East region,the Central region,the West region,Zhejiang Province and the cities of the province,Hangzhou city and the five counties under the jurisdiction of the city are calculated.The information en-tropy values decrease progressively from the coastal area to inland.This indicates that the order of land use system increases progressively from the coastal area to inland.The applications of the information entropy values of the land use structure are discussed in the paper.The information entropy values are of guiding significance to the regulation of the land use structure in a region as they can reflect the dynamic change and transformation degree of land use types in a region in a certain period of time.However,the point is how to set remains to be researched with the optimum information entropy value of the land use structure in differ-ent region s.


Correspondence Address: (57) ABSTRACT SCHIFF HARDIN, LLP PATENT DEPARTMENT 66OO SEARS TOWER CHICAGO, IL 60606–6473 (US) In a method and magnetic resonance apparatus wherein a homogenous magnetization is generated in a spatial exami nation Volume of the apparatus during examination of a Subject, individual resonator segments of a body coil, that are electromagnetically decoupled from each other, are separately activated by a control and evaluation device according to sets of predetermined segment-specific excita (21) Appl. No.: 10/594,775


The editor introduces the inaugural issue of theIEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification. Electrification is a clear trend to improve efficiency, performance, and sustainability of transportation systems.


The effect of 0~1mol% MnO2 doping on microstructure and electrical properties of the Zn–Pr–Co–Cr–Mn-based varistor ceramics was investigated by means of SEM, XRD and standard current-voltage property tests. The increase of MnO2 doping level strongly decreased the relative density (99%-91.5%) by the effect of pining of Pr0.96Mn0.98 2O3. The nonlinear coefficient increased from 17.4 for MnO2-undoped sample to 54 for MnO2-doped sample up to 0.5 mol%, whereas the further doping resulted in decrease.


The book contains four parts, spread over 20 chapters, highlighting organisational behaviour. Part-I is constituted of three chapters concerned with concepts, models and challenges of organisation behaviour, while Part-II deals with individual process associated with organisation behaviour, covering five chapters. Part-III spotlights the group processes concerning organisation behaviour encompassing three chapters, and Part-IV brings to light the organisational process encircling nine chapters. ChapterI focuses on the concept and definition of organisation behaviour, predicting the behaviour of people and with the objective of improving productivity. There is need for interaction between people, technology and structure for this purpose. Environment global economy, demographics-in which business operates influences the outcome. Organisation behaviour leads to congenial environment maintaining human dignity and employee satisfaction. In Chapter-2 models of organisation behaviour, beliefs, values and assumptions that assess outcome with regard to people, situation and phenomenon are discussed. There is an obvious connection between individuals, organisation and social paradigm. Four models of organisational behaviour are prevalent: autocratic, custodial, supportive and collegial. Chapter-3 addresses the challenges to organisational behaviour dealing with critical issues confronting managers: improving people skills, improving quality and productivity, managing work-force diversity, responding to globalisation, empowering people, coping With temporariness, stimulating innovation and change, emergence of e-organisation, improving ethical behaviour. Emergence of e-organisation involves creating website, running virtual business, integrating supply chain, collaborating, etc. The focus of Chapter-4 is on perception, pointing out that there are three perceptional thresholds and accordingly sensory processes associated with it. The absolute threshold is where the senses can notice, while the subliminal threshold detects what one wants to


Objective To evaluate the results of Barton fracture of the distal radius with T plate internal fixation.Methods Twenty-two patients with Bartons fracture of the distal radius were treated with open reduction and T plate internal fixation.Results The follow-up ranged for 5 to 20 months and for 3-4 months after operation.The function evaluations were based on the modified Gartland and Wertey(GW) scoring systenm,with excellent in 15 cases and good in 4 cases.The overall excellents-good rate was 86.36%.Conclusion Operative treatment with tianium T plate for Bartons fracture can firmly hold the reduced fracture segments and hence facilitate early postoperative rehabilitation and improve the wrist function.


New test facilities under construction in Japan for conducting research on developing and evaluating oil fences and oil recovery equipment include a circulating water channel, a rectangular tank, and an oil-water purifier system. The circulating water channel is 60 m long, 3.8 m wide, and 5.1 m deep. It is provided with a water circulating system which gives a water speed of less than or equal to 2 kn, a wave generator which generates waves less than or equal to 0.6 m in height, an air blower which gives wind speed less than or equal to 20 m/sec, and a surface current generator which generates surface speeds less than or equal to 1 kn. It is also equipped with a dispersing and recovering system for the test oil. The rectangular tank, 80 m long, 45 m wide, and 2.6 m deep, is provided with a wave generator which generates waves less than or equal to 0.3 m in height and a towing carriage which runs at a speed less than or equal to 2 m/sec. Covered by a roof which allows testing the year round independent of weather or temperature, these new facilities are expected to be completed by the end of 1977 and opened for use at the beginning of 1978.


We consider in this paper solutions of the equation where the primes indicate differentiation with respect to s, and a, b, c are constants.


In the year of 1999 a new monetary experiment commenced – the birth of the euro. Over the years more countries have joined the new currency and it was expected to be a continuously growing communit ...


In some inferential statistical methods, such as tests and confidence intervals, it is important to describe the stochastic behavior of statistical functionals, aside from their large sample properties. We study such a behavior in terms of the usual stochastic order. For this purpose, we introduce a generalized family of stochastic orders, which is referred to as transform orders, showing that it provides a flexible framework for deriving stochastic monotonicity results. Given that our general definition makes it possible to obtain some well known ordering relations as particular cases, we can easily apply our method to different families of functionals. These include some prominent inequality measures, such as the generalized entropy, the Gini index, and its generalizations. We also illustrate the applicability of our approach by determining the least favorable distribution, and the behavior of some bootstrap statistics, in some goodness‐of‐fit testing procedures.


Abstract Ureas were synthesized from methyl carbamates which were obtained by reaction of amines with dimethylcarbonate. Both reactions were catalyzed by γ-Al2O3.


Context . — Increased band neutrophils in blood smear differential counts ( " bandemia " ) are entrenched in medicine as a flag for sepsis. However, laboratory hematology experts have long advocated for discontinuation of reporting bands separately from segmented neutrophils because of poor sensitivity and specificity, poor interobserver agreement


Omega‐6 (n‐6) arachidonic acid (AA) and its pro‐inflammatory metabolites, including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), are known to promote tumorigenesis. Delta‐6 desaturase (D6D) is the rate‐limiting enzyme for converting n‐6 linoleic acid (LA) to AA. Our objective was to determine if AA synthesis, specifically D6D activity, and PGE2 levels are increased in cancerous breast tissue, and whether these variables differ between estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and negative (ER−) breast cancers. Gas chromatography was performed on surgical breast tissue samples collected from 69 women with breast cancer. Fifty‐four had ER+ breast cancer, and 15 had ER− breast cancer. Liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry was used to determine PGE2 levels. Lipid analysis revealed higher levels of LA metabolites (C18:3 n‐6, C20:3 n‐6, and AA) in cancerous tissue than in adjacent noncancerous tissue (P < 0.01). The ratio of LA metabolites to LA, a measure of D6D activity, was increased in cancerous tissue, suggesting greater conversion of LA to AA (P < 0.001), and was higher in ER− than in ER+ patients, indicating genotype‐related trends. Similarly, PGE2 levels were increased in cancerous tissue, particularly in ER− patients. The results showed that the endogenous AA synthetic pathway, D6D activity, and PGE2 levels are increased in breast tumors, particularly those of the ER− genotype. These findings suggest that the AA synthetic pathway and the D6D enzyme in particular may be involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. The development of drugs and nutritional interventions to alter this pathway may provide new strategies for breast cancer prevention and treatment.