This chapter discusses NK simulation modelling, which have been launched and developed primarily by Kauffman from the end of sixties, as a candidate for capturing networks dynamics. Grounded in reference to biological networks, it has aroused a grate and durable interest in economics and management sciences too. This methodology is split into a version focused on studying Boolean networks dynamics, whose trajectories are substantially conditioned by Boolean functions, and a version focused on systems co-evolutionary paths, driven by the search for optimizing its fitness value. Besides the unquestionable value of Kauffman's work for the theoretical implications on evolutionary biology, in this chapter failures and limitations of both NK modelling versions are discussed. In particular, it is shown that, as applications try to be more realistic, this modelling becomes hardly treatable from a computational point of view. On the other hand, especially the fitness landscape version is very useful to show general aspects of system's dynamics, and the impossibility to find general optima (excepted for very special and unrealistic cases).


This paper singles out better management of urban goods fleets as the means of achieving cost saving and more efficient energy use by local freight transportation. Three particular areas of improvement are considered: different systems; different fuels; and a different approach.


We put forward a new algorithmic solution to the massive unsourced random access (URA) problem, by leveraging the rich spatial dimensionality offered by large-scale antenna arrays. This paper makes an observation that spatial signature is key to URA in massive connectivity setups. The proposed scheme relies on a slotted transmission framework but eliminates the need for concatenated coding that was introduced in the context of the coupled compressive sensing (CCS) paradigm. Indeed, all existing works on CCS-based URA rely on an inner/outer tree-based encoder/decoder to stitch the slot-wise recovered sequences. This paper takes a different path by harnessing the nature-provided correlations between the slot-wise reconstructed channels of each user in order to put together its decoded sequences. The required slot-wise channel estimates and decoded sequences are first obtained through the hybrid generalized approximate message passing (HyGAMP) algorithm which systematically accommodates the multiantenna-induced group sparsity. Then, a channel correlation-aware clustering framework based on the expectation-maximization (EM) concept is used together with the Hungarian algorithm to find the slot-wise optimal assignment matrices by enforcing two clustering constraints that are very specific to the problem at hand. Stitching is then accomplished by associating the decoded sequences to their respective users according to the ensuing assignment matrices. Exhaustive computer simulations reveal that the proposed scheme can bring performance improvements, at high spectral efficiencies, as compared to a state-of-the-art technique that investigates the use of large-scale antenna arrays in the context of massive URA.


Frequent sequence mining methods often make use of constraints to control which subsequences should be mined, e.g., length, gap, span, regular-expression, and hierarchy constraints. We show that many subsequence constraints—including and beyond those considered in the literature—can be unified in a single framework. In more detail, we propose a set of simple and intuitive "pattern expressions" to describe subsequence constraints and explore algorithms for efficiently mining frequent subsequences under such general constraints. A unified treatment allows researchers to study jointly many types of subsequence constraints (instead of each one individually) and helps to improve usability of pattern mining systems for practitioners.


Inflated membrane structures make of high-strength fabric material that can be used as beams when inflated at high internal pressure. Due to their physical characteristics which are deployed and lightweight, they can be used as off-shore floating structures such as floating breakwaters and floating causeways. The paper is devoted to present experimental studies on the behavior of fabric inflated beams. The experimental result was compared with wrinkling theory. This experiment consisted of three parts. First, the beams were tested under bending load with different internal pressures and then the different diameters specimens were tested with identical pressure. The results showed that the deformation depended on the applied load, the internal pressure and the diameter. The amount of deformation increased sharply when the local wrinkles occurred and the load-displacement curve manifested strong nonlinearity. Then, an experiment of the parallel-connected beams was performed to obtain the parallel-connected effect of the load-deflection response of inflated beams. The results showed the deflection of the single beam was not twice of the deflection of double parallel beams. A floating causeway model experiment was also finished, the results confirmed the previous conclusions and the floating composite causeway was enough stable. These experimental results can be applied to provide theoretical guidance and scientific basis for design method of the floating composite structure.


Three computer programs that are basic to the processing and development of tree -ring chronologies are now available. They were designed to refine and replace older programs that were previously furnished by the laboratory. Program RWLIST replaces program RWLST and is used for data inspection. Programs INDEX and SUMAC replace INDXA. INDEX is used for curve fitting procedures while SUMAC does summaries of series of indices, analysis of variance and cross -correlation. The new programs represent an increase in efficiency and flexibility in use. They are written in current ANSI Fortran IV and will be readily adaptable to most computing


The N.M.R. spectrum of pyridine oriented in the nematic phase of anisole-azophenyl-n-capronate has been studied. The analysis has been carried out iteratively using a modified version of the computer programme LAOCOONII (re-named as LAOCOONOR). The details of the modification are discussed. The direct couplings are shown to be of negative sign. Ratios of the various inter-proton distances are determined irrespective of the orientation of the molecule. They agree within experimental error with the microwave results.


Colorectal cancer was the third most common cancer in 2012, with higher percentage of incidence in less developed countries. In a less developed countries usually conventional radiotherapy technique is used for treatment of colorectal cancer. Using this technique testicles receive a dose from scattered radiation, due to the divergence of fields towards the testicles. We tried to re-duce a testicular dose avoiding the divergence of fields towards the testicles. For that aim 28 mail patients (mean age 51.8 years), treated with 45 Gy using the conventional 3 field technique were selected and subjected to retrospective dosimetric study using the avoiding divergence technique. Significant statistical difference was showed between the two proposed techniques (5.66 Gy, 3.53 Gy; p <0.0001) in favour of avoiding divergence technique (median of the min-imum doses to the testicles: 0.20 Gy, 0.09 Gy and the median of the maximum doses to the testicles: 15.32 Gy, 14.00 Gy). Patients with rectal cancer who are going to receive radiotherapy treatment with conventional radiotherapy tech-nique, are at risk of permanent infertility. This paper presents conventional ra-diotherapy technique, for the patients with rectal cancer which will, due to re-duction of medium testicular dose, reduce the risk of infertility. *Correspondence to: Edis Dedovic, Depertment of medical physics and radiation protection, University Clinical Centre Tuzla, Ul. prof. dr. Ibre Pašića, Tuzla 75000, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Tel: +38761675094; E-mail: email@example.com


This article uses household survey panel data of 416 rural households to study asset dynamics in the northern highlands of Ethiopia and the response of assets to shocks. The period under examination (1996–2003) was marked by severe environmental shocks, including a series of droughts. The article empirically studies the nature of household asset paths over time, using as the point of departure the theory on precautionary savings behavior. Results indicate that the response of assets to weather shocks, the differential effect of these shocks on liquid and less liquid forms of wealth holdings, and the nature of asset dynamics are all consistent with the implications of a precautionary motive for holding wealth.


Now a day's industries requirement as light weight and high wear resistance component. The component used as a various industrial application areas. The material also high self lubricant material also need. In this work we was used aluminium matrix composite with added in a CNT as a Nano materials. The materials has used to a high wear resistance and it is act as a self lubricant material also the material carry out different percentage and casting used in a stir casting method. The casting sample cut by a testing sample by used in an EDM wire cut machine. The sample carried out the result and plots the graphs. And the samples are carry out wear test using pin on disc method. The result shown in graph. And the sample machining study also did by EDM Wire cut machine. Finally carry out the white layer of the material. The study discussed with the paper. In this research work used in a light weight and self lubricant material needed area


In this paper we discuss operational considerations for the free-flying occulter. Operations consist of maneuvering the Solar-Powered Ion-Driven Eclipsing Rover (SPIDER) between targets, alignment with the space-based telescope line of sight to the target, and stationkeeping target-to-target maneuvers need to be optimized to conserve propellant. A reasonable balance needs to be determined between target observation rate and the number of targets that are observable during mission lifetime. Velocity matching of the SPIDER with the telescope is essential to mission performance. An appropriate combination of solar electric and cold-gas thrusters provides the ability to match velocities using positional information derived from comminution and ranging between telescope, occulter and any metrology stations. Desirable features of using an external coronagraphic vehicle include the ability to obtain coronagraphic data with any instrument on the telescope-- imaging, spectroscopic, or interferometric.


Objective To investigate the clinical features of Kawasaki disease(KD) and the predicting factors for intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) resistant KD patients. Methods A total of 219 KD patients from Mar.1993 to Dec.2010 treated in Peking University First Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were treated with IVIG,who were then divided into IVIG-responsive group and IVIG-resistant group.The laboratory and demographic parameters such as age,gender,main clinical manifestations,blood cell count,C reactive protein(CRP),biochemical parameters and coronary echocardiography between the IVIG-responsive group and IVIG-resistant group were compared.SPSS 13.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results Percentage of neutrophils and CRP before treatment,white blood cell count,percentage of neutrophils and CRP after treatment,and serum sodium,serum potassium,total cholesterol in the acute period were significantly different between IVIG-responsive group and IVIG-resistant group(Pa0.05).Eight variables were used to establish a simple scoring model giving an area under the receiver-operating-characteristics curve of 0.955.For a cutoff of 6 points or more in the simple scoring model,sensitivity and specificity were 95.1% and 80.0%. Conclusions Combination of pre-treatment neutrophil ratio,CRP level,the post-treatment level of white blood cells,neutrophil ratio,CRP levels and pre-treatment cholesterol,serum sodium and potassium levels show high sensitivity and specificity in identifying IVIG nonresponders among KD patients.


The project of compiling the Doha Historical Dictionary of the Arabic Language, currently underway, provides an opportunity to create not only a comprehensive, etymological dictionary for speakers of Arabic, but also learner dictionaries for the teaching and learning of Arabic, whose primary readers are nonnative speakers. Current pedagogical dictionaries are invariably either outdated, lacking in coverage, or somewhat superficial. For example, the most commonly used learner dictionary of Arabic in the United States is the 4 edition of the Hans Wehr, published in 1994, but not updated since 1979. The Oxford Arabic Dictionary (2014) has more contemporary language but has a narrow focus on Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and is less comprehensive. Other recent pedagogical dictionaries, such as the Oxford Essential Arabic Dictionary (2010) or Awde and Smith's (2022) Arabic Practical Dictionary, are very useful word lists, but contain few examples or the kind of grammatical information considered typical in learner dictionaries for other languages. In order to take full advantage of this unique moment in dictionary research, it is worth going back to basics to reconsider what might be the best foundational principles for a new Arabic pedagogical lexicography. In this paper, I briefly review the development of some of the main pedagogical dictionaries for English and Japanese, the former being the largest and most diverse range of dictionaries for nonnative speakers of any language, and the latter for insights regarding non-phonemic writing systems and examples of grammatical information beyond English. I then consider how research on the mental lexicon – the actual word bank in our brain – sheds light on the relations between words, and therefore on possible relations to be captured in dictionaries. Finally, I turn to the question of what might be considered important aspects of lexical grammar that might be included in a modern,


Traditional search engines fail to capture the notion of\perspective" in their search results and at times present the results skewed towards a particular topic. Under most of these cases even query reformulation fails to retrieve desired search results and the underlying reason for such failure is often the bias within the document collection itself (e.g., news articles). A perspective-aware search interface enabling users to look into search results for some\perspective"terms may be of great use for certain information needs. In this paper we describe such a system.


Objective: Protamines cause sperm chromatin to compact and its deficiency is associated with poor fertilizing ability and low quality of spermatozoa. However, the threshold for deficiency has not been well established. The aim of this study was to determine the threshold of sperm protamine content that correlates with diminished sperm quality. Methods: Semen samples were obtained from 238 idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT) and 208 normospermic men. Semen was analyzed according to WHO guidelines. Sperm protamine content was assessed by chromomycin A3 (CMA3) staining. Results: The mean level of CMA3 staining was significantly higher in OAT than in men with normal sperm (P<0.001). CMA3 staining correlated negatively with sperm concentration (r=-0.338, P<0.001), motility (r=-0.273, P<0.001), and normal morphology (r=-0.303, P<0.001). Using ROC analysis we showed that 31% of stained sperm represents an appropriate cut-off point for protein deficiency (men with higher than 31% stained sperm are protamine deficient). Conclusions: High odds ratio of OAT men followed by ROC analysis with a cut-off point of 31% for CMA3 staining revealed that this test is a sensitive and specific for evaluating of protamination, maturity, and quality of spermatozoa.


[1] Water column samples from the Mackenzie Shelf, the Beaufort Sea, and the Amundsen Gulf were obtained during 2003–2004 to investigate nutrient dynamics in an Arctic ecosystem influenced by a large river and flaw lead polynya. Nutrient inventories in the upper water column showed a significant seasonal drawdown of nitrate (NO3−) and silicic acid (Si(OH)4) (1:1.75 mol/mol) and subsequent accumulation of nitrite (NO2−) and ammonium (NH4+). Dissolved organic nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations (DON and DOP) were elevated in surface waters during the time of peak phytoplankton growth (bloom and postbloom phases) and covaried in a 17:1 molar ratio. Vertical profiles showed the typical middepth maxima in NO3−, PO43−, and Si(OH)4 at salinity 32–33.1. The concentration of DOP (0.76 ± 0.27 μmol P L−1) was also 2 times higher in this layer compared to the surface average and inversely correlated with the water mass tracer N* [N* = (NO3− − 16 × PO43− + 2.9) × 0.87], suggesting that Pacific-derived waters were a source of the enrichment. Below the mixed layer, DON was generally constant with depth, although averaged profiles (like those of urea) suggested the presence of subsurface maxima at 50 m and between 250 and 300 m. Regeneration ratios varied with depth and were approximately 9.0 mol −O2/mol NO3− and 122.5 mol −O2/mol PO43− in shallow Pacific-derived waters (halocline layer) and 17.4 and 193.5 in deep Atlantic waters (Atlantic layer), respectively. Deep waters of the Amundsen Gulf contained an excess of 1.7 μmol NO3− L−1, 0.12 μmol PO43− L−1, and 6.2 μmol Si(OH)4 L−1 and a deficit in O2, relative to waters of similar density in the Beaufort Sea, in proportions consistent with the remineralization ratios derived from oxygen-nutrient regressions. Enhanced export of particulate matter from the overlying polynya and subsequent remineralization at depth are hypothesized to create this nutrient enrichment.


The invention discloses a kind of sulls and preparation method thereof, thin film transistor (TFT) and preparation method thereof.The preparation method of sull includes: coating front baking film formation step according to the present invention: the organic solution containing chemical active ingredient being coated and forms film with front baking, wherein includes diazo naphthoquinone photosensitive resin in chemical active ingredient;Mask exposure step: in the enterprising line mask of film, the film of non-exposure mask is removed with alkaline solution after exposure;Sull forming step: by Mask portion after high energy ultraviolet irradiation and ozone treatment, sull is formed through sintering curing.The sull that method produced according to the present invention obtains.The preparation method of thin film transistor (TFT) includes the preparation step of sull according to the present invention according to the present invention.Thin film transistor (TFT) of the invention includes the sull that method produced according to the present invention obtains.


SUMMARY The two-dimensional wavelet transform usually used applies one-dimensional wavelet transforms in the vertical and horizontal directions. By carrying out the wavelet transform, the local frequency can be analyzed and manipulated. However, when two-dimensional extension is performed by means of one-dimensional transforms in the vertical and horizontal directions, the components at 45° and 135° cannot be distinguished. The method proposed in this paper allows local processing corresponding to four or six directions by combining the wavelet transform and perfectly reconstructable filters. In this paper, the proposed method is described and its effectiveness is demonstrated by simulation of noise elimination. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn Pt 3, 88(3): 1–10, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley. com). DOI 10.1002/ecjc.20129


While the importance of the Human Resource Development (HRD) profession in improving the national training effort has been acknowledged in a number of publications, recent research on the roles and competencies of Australian HRD practitioners has been limited Such an undertaking may appear daunting, given the complexity and diversity of the HRD field. Consequently, much may be learned from the methodology and findings of previous studies. This paper analyses ten research studies undertaken in four countries between 1976 and 1989. It provides insight on both HRD practice and the taxonomies used to articulate practice.


shown are possible. The facts the author cites clearly indicate that Europeans, save the ultra-rich, have it better than their American counterparts. His prejudices are worn like proud soup stains on an old tie. Disdaining to hide his hatred for East Germany or communists, upon seeing the site of the old East German parliament he thinks "it's evil" (p. 263). This comes as little surprise. More eyebrows may be raised when the author suggest that the Roman Catholic Church is the source for much of the social equality existing in Germany. To other forms of Christianity, he is less generous. He seems positively fearful of Protestants, although this is in part a comic device. When talking with one German named Martin, the author thinks to himself, a bit like James Bond uncovering an enemy agent, "Well, this was the Lutheran spin. And I realized at this moment: he was not named Martin for nothing" (p. 221). Yet we must not take any of this too seriously. The point of this book is to show how much more humane America could be if it adopted the German model. In this the author does a superb job. Neither his romantic failures in Paris nor expressed distrust of those who fail to acknowledge the authority of the Bishop of Rome should distract us from the power of his message. The humor in this book should not distract the reader from the author's thesis, which is that there could be a kinder, better, more humane America. In fact, such a place exists. It is called Europe.


Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks(VANETs) are computer networks of moving nodes attached to vehicles. Theyalso include stationary infrastructure elements. This use of wireless local area network technology is becoming necessity and will grow rapidly in the near future. There is a wide range of VANET and associated Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC)applications. It starts fromsimple cases likeactive safety systems for driving, traffic information and collision warning, to more comprehensive Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). Step up from simple driver assistance will be the complete takeover of the vehicle control. Finally, VANETs will support auto driver algorithms and applications for unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs). The aim of this paper is to present an overview of the technology, standards and problems, with some proposals for the quick start with the most necessary applications and for the future research.


The utility model provides a high-voltage control circuit for an electric automobile, which comprises a power battery, a positive-electrode contactor, a negative-electrode contactor, a precharge contactor, a precharge resistor, a motor driver with a precharge capacitor, and a rapid discharge circuit. The rapid discharge circuit comprises a discharge resistor and a discharge switch, wherein the discharge resistor is parallelly connected with the precharge capacitor after being serially connected with the discharge switch. When the circuit is cut off, the discharge switch is closed, the discharge resistor and the precharge capacitor form a discharge circuit so that the voltage of the precharge capacitor drops to be below safety voltage.


Metasurface is extensively studied for generating multicharacteristic orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams. However, designing a highly integrated and independent polarization‐frequency multiplexing metasurface for efficient multiscenario OAM‐related applications is still a challenge. Here, a triple‐band single‐layer shared aperture reflective metasurface for triple‐polarization channels independent OAM modulations is proposed. The specific frequency quantitative customization resonance phase and quasi‐static geometric phase are utilized to manipulate the dual‐band (Ku‐ and K‐band) orthogonal linearly polarized (LP) channel and C&X‐band right‐handed circularly polarized (RHCP) channel. An isolation ring is introduced for eliminating the strong coupling between the structurally compatible RHCP and orthogonal‐LP subunits in a shared aperture meta‐atom. It is revealed that the isolation ring not only helps realize efficient multipolarization, multiband, and multimode OAM generation, but also expands the operation bandwidth of the RHCP channel OAM. A proof‐of‐concept prototype of the designed metasurface is constructed to verify the methodology and the experimental results are in excellent agreement with simulations. The proposed independent OAM modulation scheme for extending the functionality of metasurface offers a novel route to realize multipolarization and multiband OAM beams with high isolation, which may have potential applications in OAM‐based multichannel multiplexing communications.


A field experiment with 30 rainfed groundnut genotypes was undertaken in randomized complete block design with two replications to study the stability and performance for yield, physiological and quality traits across three sowing dates (environments) during the kharif groundnut growing seasons in 2015. Eberhart and Russell's model was used for estimating the stability parameters. The results revealed significant genotype × envirnoment interaction for the traits studied. Partitioning of the environment + (genotype × environment) component into environment (linear) revealed the significance of environment (linear) component for all the traits studied. Further, normal kharif season was observed to be congenial for pod yield per plant, sound mature kernel per cent, kernel yield per plant, 100 kernel weight, SCMR, SLA, haulm yield per plant, oil and protein content, while early kharif was noticed to be favourable for days to 50 per cent flowering, pods per plant and free proline. Results on stability parameters revealed the potential of K1717 and K1802 genotypes for pod yield per plant; K1899 and K1884 for kernel yield per plant; K1809 and Anantha for oil content for cultivation across the groundnut growing kharif seasons studied. The genotype, K1717, however, had recorded high kernel yield per plant, in addition to regression coefficient greater than unity and non-significant deviation from regression, indicating its suitability for cultivation during normal kharif season.


The present invention relates to an anticancer Chinese medicine Bisikang capsule for curing malignant tumor and its preparation method. Said invention consists of ginseng, synthetic cow-bezoare, notogensing, musk, pearl, paris polyphylla, astragalus root, flavescent sophora root, lucid ganoderma, mushroom, smilax glabra rhizome, lysimachia, rhizoma and root of Sixangular Drsosma, barbat skullcap, Chinese sage, oldenlandia, scutellaria root, liquorice, pleione rhizome, natural indigo, climbing fern spore, fruit of Java Brucea and sappan wood. Its preparation method is as follows: except for ginseng, notoginseng, synthetic cow-bezoare, musk, pearl, fruit of Java Brucea and sappan wood, rest 16 Chinese medicines are decocted, concentrated and dried into clear paste, and then the paste and the above-mentioned medicines are pulverized and placed in capsule, and its effective rate is 83.48%.


Laboratory testing conducted by The Department of Public Works aims to achieve accurate quality of materials in supporting infrastructure development, particularly in works such as roads, bridges, and buildings, Laboratory testing consists of materials like soil, concrete and asphalt to be used in road works, brigdes, and building the country. Tests conducted in the laboratory of Department of Public Works consists of material testing soil, concrete and asphalt materials to be use in road construction and building bridges. Product of these will be used as reference by counterparties or service users. Costs arising from the aktivitiesin the laboratory is the responsibility of the partners or the service users. Therefore, the Department of public works as the relevant agency needs to set price rates for the partners,based on analysis of laboratory testing with regards to all activities in the laboratory. ABC method is a method of analysis that can be used in the calculation of tariff based on activities in the laboratorium.


This article systemically summarized No.2 BF banking and blowing-in practice experience in Shandong Ductile Iron Pipes Co.,Ltd.The No.2 BF hearth was composed of carbon bricks and ceramic cups made of yellow corundum.By means of adjusting and optimizing the operation system of banking and blowing-in,the targets of banking safely and successfully,blowing-in smoothly and attaining designed capacity rapidly were achieved.The productivity was over 3.1 t(/m3·d)on the third day from blowing-in and normal production level was reached.


A nonlinear equalizer for binary data transmission over finite impulse response channels is developed. It is based on a state-space description of the channel. The equations of the resulting algorithm resemble the equations of a Kalman hard-decision feedback equalizer, similar to the one of McLaughlin et al. (1989). However, the derivation of the equalizer differs significantly from the derivation of the Kalman algorithm. In particular, probability estimates of the received bits are incorporated. They can be exploited in several ways to improve the performance of the equalizer and of the complete transmission system. Simulations for a mobile radio channel show that the new equalizer is an alternative to well-established equalizers like the Viterbi or the conventional hard-decision feedback equalizer.


Abstract theorems of existence and uniqueness are proved for a differential equation whose solution takes its values in a sequence of Banach spaces called a Banach filtration (a notion introduced by F. Treves). The abstract theorems are then applied to obtain existence and uniqueness theorems of a classical nature bearing on that generalization of the Cauchy problem of partial differential equations known as the Goursat problem. All the results so obtained remain true in the case when the equations involve more general operators than partial differential operators (e.g., pseudo-differential operators)


Introduction: rf absorption & electron heating in helicon plasmas ↓ Basics of the helicon discharges, Helicon experiment Helicon mode formation: field distribution, dispersion rf power deposition: linear and/or nonlinear absorption, effect of electrostatic fluctuations Summary Michael Kramer & Kari Niemi Institut fur Experimentalphysik II, Ruhr-Universitat D-44780 Bochum, Germany Helicon mode formation and rf power deposition in a helicon source


7~9HE Portuguese revolution of April 25, 1974 provided political commentators with particular evidence for a larger thesis on the decline of Europe. This thesis underwent a period of eclipise during the 1960s and early 1970s when it became fashionable to, talk of Western Europie's rebirth, (the groiwing prosperity of Mediterranean countries and the relative impoverishment of northern European nations, especially Britain. But the rise in the price of oil anid of raw materials, America's unilateral declaration of a nuclear alert in October 1973 and the efforts of Western European states to ingratiate themselves with oil proiducers seemed to, discount this view. Portuguese efforts to achieve a new identity during the following two years merged therefore with a wider questioning of Western Europe's. future. Portugal's revolutionthe dismantling of institutions and policies associated with the old regime and the search for new formulas-was not enacted in isolation, but played out in an international environment subject to tensions of a force unprecedented since the end of the Second World War. One explanation of the regime's collapse, on which all parties to Portugal's revolution of carnations were agreed, referred to the disaster for the national economy of Salazar's foirty years of deflatioln. Oliveira de Salazar was invited by the Portuguese military in 1928 to forestall League of Nations interventioln in Poirtugal's affairs and set the nation's finances in order. There followed the setting up of a corporate state, strictly balanced budgets and state control of foreign trade. Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, Salazar gradually liberalised the external sector without any modification of domestic priorities so that Portugal stagnated as Western Europe experienced its cheap oil boom. A yawning deficit developed on the coimmercial balance, compensated on the service account by a growing flood of remittances from the 1-2 million Portuguese woirking abroad. Total population declined from 9*7 million in 1960 to 8 5 million in 1970. Until the late 1960s investment stagnated at about 10 per cent. of GNP. Agricultural production declined as younger generations fled the land. Inflation rose from 4 per cent. in 1964 to about 20 per cent. in 1974 and is now estimated as running at around 70 per cent. Foireign investors flooded in to avail themselves of cheap labour controlled by the state syndicates. A regime rooted in a policy


An increasingly affluent lifestyle becomes a big factor in China's rising diabetes numbers han hongying,59,remembers the numbing shock when she was diagnosed as a diabetic 15 years ago."I was scared by the lingering pain the disease will bring to me and my family,"Han,a retired worker in Beijing,told ChinAfrica.


Polyimide/organic montmorillonite nanofibrous membranes were fabricated through electrospinning of polyamic acid/organic montmorillonite precursors followed by a thermal imidization process. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs showed small amounts of organic montmorillonite addition (<3%) and increase in the diameter of polyimide nanofibers. However, higher organic montmorillonite fraction generated microspheres due to the aggregation of clay nanoplatelets. Transmission electron microscopy images indicated that both exfoliated and intercalated organic montmorillonites existed in polyimide nanofibers when low quantity of clay was loaded (<3%). As the clay amount increased, exfoliated structure disappeared and stacked clay layers were observed. The optimum concentration of organic montmorillonite is 3%. By incorporating 3% clay, the tensile strength and modulus of membrane increased by 92.1 and 48.6%, respectively. Moreover, the limiting oxygen index value arose from 29.2 to 30.4%. Higher thermal stability was also achieved because of the heat barrier effect of clay layers. The onset decomposition temperature increased by 17℃ by adding 5% clay. These results demonstrate that tiny organic montmorillonite incorporation is relatively effective for improving the mechanical properties as well as flame retardancy of polyimide nanofibrous membrane.


To fulfil the airport safety requirements as stated in International Civil Aviation Organization document, ICAO 9137-3 AN part 3 – Airport Services Manual, Wildlife control and reduction, especially the bird stike control programme, the Sam Ratulangi International Airport is decided to apply the auditory method to control the birds in aerodrome area. Study on this need have been carried out using the sound energy approach, more specifically on inverse square law theory in free field. The theory said that by doubling the distance between the speaker and the sound level meter will decrease in sound pressure level of around 6 dB. From the field measurement results, the measured sound pressure level were 85 dB and 79 dB at the distance of 50 m and 100 m from the speaker. Both levels and distance were used in trials of repelling birds at 1600 Hz to 3150 Hz in frequencies. The use of long range acoustic device, LRAD speakers, that genereate 156 dB at a distance of 1 m in front of the speaker can effectively reach longer distances.


Molecular Dynamics simulations were previously used to determine interactions that might play important rate-limiting steps in the interconversion between active and inactive forms of NtrCR. One of the interactions that were found involves a hydrogen bond formed only in the transition state. Mutation of the hydrogen bond acceptor (glutamine) to either methionine or asparagine should stop the formation of the bond, leading to a reduction in the rate of interconversion compared to wildtype if this hydrogen bond is a rate-limiting step in the transition.


We have reconstructed glacial-interglacial variations in Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi δ13C and δ18O in the southeastern Indian Ocean using depth transects of cores from off western and southern Australia. We compare these new results with published stable isotope records to constrain glacial-interglacial changes in Indian Ocean chemistry and circulation. The strong last glacial maximum (LGM) deep water 13C depletions previously observed for the northeastern Indian Ocean did not extend throughout the low-latitude glacial Indian Ocean. We observe only a small LGM δ13C decrease off southern Australia, in marked contrast to the strong LGM 13C depletions observed in many cores from the Atlantic and western Indian sectors of the Southern Ocean. It is not yet clear whether the very low LGM δ13C values in the deep northern and southwestern Indian Ocean are an artifact of surface ocean productivity or whether they reflect real gradients in deep water chemistry.


The simultaneous evaluation of the cross sections of {sup 6}Li(n,{alpha}), {sup 6}Li(n,n), {sup 10}B(n,{alpha}{sub 0}), {sup 10}B(n,{alpha}{sup 1}), {sup 10}B(n,n), {sup 197}Au(n,{gamma}), {sup 238}U(n,{gamma}), {sup 235}U(n,f), {sup 239}Pu(n,f), and {sup 238}U(n,f) and the thermal constants was part of the evaluation of these data for ENDF/B-VI The FORTRAN codes and the data files used for the simultaneous evaluation are documented in the present report. Corrections for some data reported in the literature and the addition of several new data sets results in negligible changes except for the fission cross sections where minor changes occur relative to the evaluation for ENDF/B-VI.


The paper investigates the influence of mechanical manufacturing consideration on the electromagnetic performacnes of a new split stator-permanent-magnet (SPM) machine (SSPMM). The designed SSPMM is evolved from the conventional flux reversal machine (FRM), in which both of these two machines employ PMs placed on the top of stator teeth. The fixation methods of PMs will affect electromagnetic performance, which is not taken into consideration in machine design process. Then, the steady torques of the designed SSPMM and the conventional FRM are analyzed with four key parameters in two representative fixation methods selected as mechanical manufacturing consideration. The evolution process of SSPMM, operating principle and the investigated parameter defination are provided. The finite-element-analysis-calculated results show that the dovetail PM fixing and sticking fixing are suitable for SSPMM and FRM, respectively.


A twentieth- first century grid cannot be
built on a twentieth century electric grid. Smart grid
has undertaken the promise of incredible advances in
innovation, provision of jobs, wealth creation, cleaner
environment and, consumer empowerment. Smart
grid can be defined as the sum of concerted efforts to
advance existing technologies; Integrating operations
and IT to achieve higher utility, better environment
and society. A real smart modern grid would involve
concepts of sustainability ; development that meets
the needs of present generations yet uncompromising
future generations ability to meet their own needs,
that influence cost effective and confirmed cleaner
technology. This smart grid involves integration of
communication and electrical infrastructures with
unconventional information and computerization in
an already existing grid. This is an enquiry into
introduction of solar photovoltaics (PV) and wind
energy into the existing Covenant University grid, for
the purpose of serving CU community and to serve as
a case study for developing wind energy systems in
Lagos.


White is the most common form of the available phosphorus. It is highly reactive and is present in different chemical products. In Colombia, it is used for the preparation of pyrotechnic products. When accidental or voluntary intake occurs, the main risks are hepatic and renal, in addition to injuries from skin burns and hemodynamic compromise. The article describes a case report of a 10-month-old patient who inadvertently ingested pyrotechnic powder, but failed to develop liver failure. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) was used to increase Glutathione synthesis and prevent clinical progression.


SMSS J114447.77-430859.3 (z = 0.83) has been identified in the SkyMapper Southern Survey as the most luminous quasar in the last $\sim 9\, \rm Gyr$. In this paper, we report on the eROSITA/Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) observations of the source from the eROSITA All Sky Survey, along with presenting results from recent monitoring performed using Swift, XMM-Newton, and NuSTAR. The source shows a clear variability by factors of ∼10 and ∼2.7 over timescales of a year and of a few days, respectively. When fit with an absorbed power law plus high-energy cutoff, the X-ray spectra reveal a Γ = 2.2 ± 0.2 and $E_{\rm cut}=23^{+26}_{-5}\, \rm keV$. Assuming Comptonisation, we estimate a coronal optical depth and electron temperature of τ = 2.5 − 5.3 (5.2 − 8) and $kT=8-18\, (7.5-14)\, \rm keV$, respectively, for a slab (spherical) geometry. The broadband SED is successfully modelled by assuming either a standard accretion disc illuminated by a central X-ray source, or a thin disc with a slim disc emissivity profile. The former model results in a black hole mass estimate of the order of 1010 M⊙, slightly higher than prior optical estimates; meanwhile, the latter model suggests a lower mass. Both models suggest sub-Eddington accretion when assuming a spinning black hole, and a compact (∼10 rg) X-ray corona. The measured intrinsic column density and the Eddington ratio strongly suggest the presence of an outflow driven by radiation pressure. This is also supported by variation of absorption by an order of magnitude over the period of $\sim 900\, \rm days$.


Abstract The mesoscale structure of the low-level flow and the character of the turbulence are investigated for a warm front as it approached the prominent terrain of the Pacific Northwest in the vicinity of Vancouver Island. Flight-level and airborne Doppler radar measurements collected from a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration P-3 research aircraft on 9 December 1995 during the Coastal Observation and Simulation with Topography experiment and high-resolution numerical simulations, performed with the Naval Research Laboratory's nonhydrostatic Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS) model, have been used to document the warm front as it approached the coast and the structure of cool air trapped along Vancouver Island. This air mass was capped by a flat, thin transition zone of enhanced static stability and vertical wind shear. The flow within the trapped air mass was oriented parallel to the terrain of Vancouver Island, but appears to have been more an outflow from the S...


Introduction: Within the current opioid epidemic, the prevalence of substance use disorders (SUD) has been increasing. Concern has been raised that patients with SUD are less likely to receive guid...


The study was carried out in all the ranges of Morni, Pinjore forest division and the area under Haryana Community Forestry Project for the plantation year 2005-06 during 2007. Random sampling technique was used to select and lay out the sampling unit. Survival of the plantations was found maximum (90.63%) in Panchkula range followed by Morni (86.00%) and Raipur Rani (85.47%) and minimum (83.38%) in Pinjore range. Overall survival of the plantations in Morni-Pinjore Forest Division and Haryana Community Forestry Project was recorded 86.14 and 78.10 per cent respectively. In Panchkula district it was obtained 82.12 per cent. The plantation was done through the involvement of village committees. Village Forest Committees (VFCs) were constituted by the State Forest Department whereas Village Resource Management Committees (VRMCs) were formed under the Haryana Community Forestry Project. It was observed that the involvement of the local people could be further increased through organizing regular meetings, trainings, exposure visits and awareness camps. More and more people should be motivated towards social fencing concept and stall feeding practices. The active participation of the villagers at all levels can be ensured through employment generation, more incentives and proper benefit sharing mechanisms.


In the near field regime of diffractive atom optics, amplitude corrugations of the de Broglie wave front are important and can lead to interesting effects. One class of near field phenomena is the formation of Fresnel images. We study this effect and possible applications in atom lithography using wave packet simulations. Diffraction of atoms most clearly demonstrates the ultimate wave character of the atomic center-of-mass motion, opening a broad class of potential applications, in particular in atom interferometry. Various diffracting objects like microfabricated transmittion gratings and double slits, standing wave light fields, and magneto-optical fields have been investigated extensively both experimentally and theoretically in the past [1-6]. In a typical diffraction experiment one considers a beam of atoms, traveling predominantly in the z-direction, which traverses a diffracting object, aligned in the x-direction, (see Fig. I). Diffraction of the atoms occurs if the transverse coherence length (in the x-direction) is of the same order or larger than the spatial period of the diffracting object. Assuming that the kinetic energy in the z-direction of the incoming atoms is much larger than the interaction energy and that the diffracting object is uniform in the y-direction, the diffraction is described by an effectively one-dimensional model of the quantum mechanical motion along the x-direction. Utilizing a paraxial approximation, the spatial evolution of the atomic wavefunction 16(x, z) along the z-direction is described by the Schr6dinger equation ih~)~bix, z) = [ [ + Uix, z) ~bix, z) , ii) where ~ is the center-of-mass velocity of the incoming atoms in the z-direction, M the mass of the atoms, and U(x, z) is the interaction operator of the interaction between the atoms and the diffracting object. It is convenient to distinguish between a preparation region along the z-direction, where U(x, z) is nonzero, and the subsequent free evolution for z > zo, where U(x, z > zo) vanishes. t976 JOUIINAL DE PHYSIQUE II N°11


Abstract : This thesis discusses the basic flight training in the Indonesian Air Force Undergraduate Pilot Training (IAF-UPT) and the primary training in the United States Navy Undergraduate Pilot Training (USN-UPT) which uses the same type of aircraft, the T-34C 'Turbo Mentor.' The investigation into the IAF-UPT and the USN-UPT shows the differences in training methods and objectives. Further analysis is presented of three aspects of flight training: the training effectiveness of military flight simulators, military training development, and the benefits of innovation in flight training. The Innovations referred to in the title of this thesis, 'Innovations in Basic Flight Training for the Indonesian Air Force', are derived from the analysis and transferred from the USN-UPT to improve IAF training.


The condition of cardiac arrest and respiratory arrest results in blood circulation and oxygen transport being stopped. The brain is a vital organ that if within 10 minutes lack of oxygen and glucose intake will cause damage. The purpose of active BHD training for adolescent doctor in  junior high school is to increase knowledge so that later they can apply in case of emergencies.  BHD measures include: Ensuring a safe position, checking the victim's response, asking for help, checking for help, performing CPR, opening the airway, providing  assistance , and evaluation . This activity will be carried out on December 3, 2023 with 23 participants from the Bakti 2 Medan Private Junior High School.   Results of the Activity All participants can understand aboutknowledge of Basic Life Support, and are able to carry out practical actions  according to the steps in the material  previously given.  To assess the knowledge of trainees before and after training, a questionnaire about BHD was given. This activity requires periodic monitoring, so as to reduce mortality due to respiratory arrest and cardiac arrest.


This paper addresses the learning outcomes and student perceptions of the Aalto University Product Development Project course (PdP), which promotes experiential learning and where multidisciplinary master student teams work on industry-based projects. These outcomes were collected through a questionnaire filled by students voluntarily, which focussed on what were the main competencies, where they were acquired and what was the core learning. The results highlight the significance of interpersonal skills, which formed the most notable category reported by students, and were perceived as critical for project success. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of the multifaceted role that prototyping plays in communication and sense-making.


Many situations where it is desired to model liuman tliermal responses involve complex environmental conditions andor complex thermal response questions. Addressing these situations requires a simulation model that is equally detailed. Several detailed thermal-physiological models of the liuman body have been developed but generally these models have not included clothing or used very simplified mathematical descriptions of heat and moisture transport in tlie clothing. The models developed by Lotens [l] and by Jones and Ogawa [2] both have fully integrated transient clothing models. These models have proven to be useful and accurate for a variety of applications. However, both have limits as to tlie level of detail. In particular, neither can provide three-dimensional temperature inforination for the liuinan body.


A new method for solving relativistic ideal hydrodynamics in (1+3)D is developed. Longitudinal and transverse radial flows are explicitly embedded into the ansatz for velocity field and the hydrodynamic equations are reduced to a single equation for the transverse velocity field only, which is analytically more tractable as compared with the full hydrodynamic equations. As an application we use the method to find analytically all possible solutions whose transverse velocity fields have power dependence on proper time and transverse radius. Possible application to the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions and possible generalizations of the method are discussed.


Abstract The yield of helium ions backscattered from Yb implanted in silicon crystals has been studied as a function of the angle between the incident beam direction and various symmetry axes of the silicon crystal. The depth of the implanted Yb has been varied by using different implantation energies, and the analyzing beam energy has been varied from 0.5 to 2 MeV in an effort to obtain information about the energy and depth dependence of the flux-peaking phenomenon. The results are compared with those of Andersen and coworkers. We have observed the oscillation with depth of the flux in the center of a channel predicted by Van Vliet.


To address the need for interoperable user representations (avatars) cross-platform exchange format for immersive realities, ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC29/WG03 MPEG Systems has standardized a Scene Description framework in ISO/IEC 23090-14 [ISO/IEC 2023]. It serves as a baseline format for user representation format to enrich the interactive experience between 3D objects in an immersive scene. This work presents the MPEG Original Reference Geometric Avatar Neutral (Morgan), a humanoid avatar specified as informative content in the MPEG-I Scene Description (MPEG-I SD) standardization group. Morgan is a generic avatar representation that facilitates interactivity and manipulation in immersive realities and is accompanied by a complete body mesh and realistic appearance, hierarchical skeletal representation, blend shapes, eye globes, jaws with teeth and semantical representation of human body parts.


The origin of biological homochirality—defined as the preference of biological systems for only one enantiomer—has widespread implications in the study of chemical evolution and the origin of life. The activation—polymerization—epimerization—depolymerization (APED) model is a theoretical model originally proposed to describe chiral symmetry breaking in a simple dimerization system. It is known that the model produces chiral and chemical oscillations for certain system parameters, in particular, the preferential formation of heterochiral polymers. In order to investigate the effect of higher oligomers, our model adds trimers, tetramers, and pentamers. We report sustained oscillations of all chemical species and the enantiomeric excess for a wide range of parameter sets as well as the periodic chiral amplification of a small initial enantiomeric excess to a nearly homochiral state.


The MaMMoTH-Up project aims at designing and manufacturing a COTS-based system to be used on the Ariane5 launcher. One of the key challenges in the project lies in guaranteeing the same level of reliability of previous systems, which were based on space qualified components. To achieve this goal, new solutions for the test of the system hardware were developed, able to guarantee a high level of fault coverage while matching several constraints in terms of system accessibility and hardware complexity. An approach based on Software-based Self-test is described to test the OR1200 processor adopted in the system, combined with new and effective techniques for identifying the on-line functionally untestable faults. Results including a comparison between a functional and a structural test approach are also reported.


The present invention provides a method and a remaining lifetime diagnosis apparatus for opening and closing device, the history data as the state quantity, based on the estimated savings associated with the measurement data detected by the opening and closing operation characteristics obtained by means of the switching device and the deteriorated state of state quantity, the state quantity based on the history data accumulated, to the production of the switching device during operation of the elapsed time, the number of opening and closing operation of the apparatus, opening and closing device inoperative time, the accumulated operation time of the switching device axis respectively, are arranged above the plurality of state quantities of system data, system data based on the created to accurately estimate the remaining lifetime of the switching device.


Towards the identified priorities by the environmental policy, this one reflects not only the national needs, but also the existing tendencies and initiatives on the global and european plan, these being: maintaining and improving public health and quality of life; maintaining and improving the existing potential of nature; the defense against disasters and natural accidents; maximum cost-benefit ratio; the compliance programs and international convention regarding environmental protection.


This article examines the effects of emotional support on work stress and burnout among human service workers in the U.S.A. and Norway. Since work stress has been identified as an important predictor of job dissatisfaction and burnout, it is the purpose of this study to examine the ability of emotional support to moderate or "buffer" the impact of job stress. Previous research on this subject has shown some support for the buffering hypotheses, but the effect has not been adequately explored within the mental health professions, nor has the concept been extensively assessed by comparative studies of such professionals in two different countries. The results of this study, based upon moderated regression analyses, indicate that emotional support is inversely correlated with burnout and stress. However, buffering effects were not observed to any significant degree in either national sample.


The sections in this article are

Introduction
Template Synthesis of Gold Nano-wire Arrays for Biosensor Applications
General Template Synthesis
Template Formation
Fabrication of Gold Nano-wire Arrays (GNW)

Synthesis of a Linker and its Attachment to Gold Posts of GNW followed by Binding to Specific Antibodies
Development of Electrochemical Nano-biosensor for Bacteria Detection
General Detections for Biosensors
Experimental Conditions
Electrochemical Impedance (EIS) Detection of E. coli
EIS on Flat Gold Surfaces
EIS on GNW
EIS on GNW with Al2O3

Summary of EIS Detection of E. coli Bacteria

Conclusions
Acknowledgments


Li4Ti5O12 nanosheets stacked by ultrathin nanoflakes derived from the interlayer splitting and exfoliation of the layered orthorhombic Li1.81H0.19Ti2O5·xH2O precursors are obtained by a facile method. The precursors are synthesized through a one-step, low-temperature hydrothermal method with a mixed solvent of ethanol and water. The surfactants and templates are free during the fabrication process. The ultrathin nanoflakes are interconnected and their thicknesses are only ∼3 nm. Possible morphology formation and crystal structure transition mechanisms are proposed through time-dependent experiments. As an anode material for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, the Li4Ti5O12 nanosheets with a stacked structure delivered an initial discharge capacity of 175.9 mA h g−1, together with a discharge capacity of 166.8 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.5 C. The discharge capacity could reach up to 100.2 mA h g−1 even at 20 C. We infer that except for the self advantages of nanosheets as nanomaterials, the delicate structure consisted of stacks of interconnected ultrathin nanoflakes and can promote the kinetic property of lithium ions and electrons diffusion through offering more transporting channels, which is favorable for high-rate performance.


This work presents an analytical approach to predicting change in the components of aquatic ecosystems. The approach makes it possible to use hydrobiological data that covers a vast geographical region without long-term monitoring data. To address the absence of long-term data we suggest using space-for-time substitution approach whereby space and time variations are equivalent. It helps to have a "time scale" from geographical latitude of sampling points. Time series received are supposed to be used for prediction models' creation using artificial neural network method. New approach approbation was carried out upon original data on phytoplankton of 12 Eastern Siberia large rivers within 2000-2011. Three variables that had been previously found the strongest statistical relationship with climatic parameters were chosen as predictable indicators of phytoplankton: number of species/ number of families ratio, mean algal cells volume and total number of species in the sample. The prediction of these indicators changes was made, and the biological significance of neural network models was obtained as a result of this research. The main advantages and disadvantages of the approach were determined.


The National Engineering Laboratory in East Kilbride looks likely to be taken over by Yard, a French-owned engineering consultancy company, despite staff objections.


The invention discloses a dustproof sealing ring which comprises a main oil seal. The dustproof sealing ring is characterized in that the main oil seal comprises a metal framework, an annular sealing spring and sealing rubber; the sealing rubber is arranged on the inner side of the main oil seal; one end of the sealing rubber is provided with a first sealing part used for clamping and sealing the metal framework, and the other end of the sealing rubber is provided with a second sealing part used for clamping and sealing the annular sealing spring; and the outer wall of an auxiliary oil seal is tightly clamped in the metal framework of the main oil seal. Due to the fact that the auxiliary oil seal is additionally arranged on the inner side of the main oil seal, sealing of impurities in a medium can be effectively prevented, pressure impacts in a cavity can be properly reduced, and the service life of the sealing ring is prolonged. The dustproof sealing ring is suitable for an occasion where dust prevention needs to be conducted on the two sides and oil sealing needs to be conducted in the middle. For example, the dustproof sealing ring is used for sealing water and washing preparations in a washing machine.


The coordination compound of {[Cd(NTO)2(CHZ)]·2H2O}n was prepared by the reaction of cadmium salt of 3 nitro 1,2,4 triazol 5 one (NTO) with carbohydrazide (CHZ) in solution. The crystal structure of {[Cd(NTO)2(CHZ)]was determined by X ray diffraction analysis. Thermal decomposition mechanismof the compound was studied using TG DTG, DSC and IR techniques. The crystalsbelong to orthorhombic with space group Pbca. The unit cell parameters are as follows:a=0.8623(1)nm, b=1.8259(4)nm, c=1.9997(3)nm, Z=8, R1=0.0517, wR2=0.0655. The coordination number of the cadmium cation is six and the Cd2+ ion shows a distorted octahedral geometry. The NTO serves as a bridging bidentate ligand, coordinated to two cadmium cations with its carbonyl oxygen atom and the nitrogen atom of 4 position. The CHZ serves as a tri dentate ligand, coordinated to acadmium cation with its carbonyl oxygen atom and one of the two nitrogen atoms.At the same time, it is coordinated to the second cadmium cation using other end nitrogen atom. The results demonstrate that the three dimensional infinite super molecular network is constructed.


The purpose of this study was to look at the results of using the Copeland surface replacement in the treatment of arthritis of the shoulder. We report the results of 61 Type 3 Copeland surface replacements in 57 patients. Operations were performed in 33 cases of Rheumatoid Arthritis, 27 cases of Osteoarthritis and 1 case of posttraumatic arthritis. Hemiar-throplasty was performed via a Deltopectoral approach by the senior author in all cases. There were 38 females and 19 males with a minimum follow up of 1 year and a mean follow up of 26 months (range 12–65). Patients were scored pre and post operatively using the Constant score. Average pre-op score was 15.6 and post-operatively was 52.5. There was one case of loosening ( ? secondary to infection) requiring revision to a stemmed implant. Two patients required Sub-Acromial decompression for postoperative impingement. All patients considered their shoulder improved following this procedure. There was no evidence of radiolucency in any postoperative radiograph. Cementless surface replacement arthroplasty in our series show similar results to previously reported series of stemmed implants and to the published results available for this implant.


BACKGROUND/AIM
Computerized tomographic (CT) simulation is used to design precise radiation therapy treatment plans. These scans are not routinely read by radiology and are only used for planning purposes. As radiation oncology departments adopt the addition of intravenous contrast to their CT simulations, there is the potential for identification of post-surgical recurrences.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
We identified all biopsy-proven local recurrences of head and neck cancer detected during CT simulation and followed their outcomes.

RESULTS
A total of 218 patients with head and neck cancer underwent CT simulation with intravenous contrast since our Department adopted the new technique. There were a total of four recurrences detected during simulation: two of the right tongue, one oral cavity and one laryngeal. Intensified salvage chemoradiotherapy was used for these cases. Two out of the four were successfully salvaged and remain disease-free.

CONCLUSION
Recurrences of head and neck cancer following surgical resection can be detected on simulation scans, with the potential for survival after appropriate salvage therapy.


This paper provides an assessment of the effect from virtual inertia provided by an HVDC converter terminal on the Nordic power system. The analysis is based on results from Power-Hardware-in-the-Loop (P-HiL) tests with a laboratory-scale Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) representing an HVDC terminal interfaced with a real-time phasor simulation of the Nordic grid. The applied control method for providing virtual inertia is utilizing the derivative of the locally measured grid frequency to adapt the power reference for the studied converter terminal. The power injection provided by the converter and the resulting impact on the frequency dynamics of the power system are investigated as a function of the emulated inertia constant and the frequency droop gain. The results demonstrate how the HVDC converter can effectively support the dynamic response of the power system when exposed to large load transients by improving the frequency nadir and reducing the Rate-of-Change-of-Frequency (ROCOF).


The present invention generally relates to peptides having antiviral properties. More particularly, the present invention provides peptides which exhibit activity against influenza virus, pharmaceutical compositions comprising said peptides, and to methods of using the peptides for preventing and / or treating influenza virus infection.


The outbreak of the Boko Haram insurgency in 2009 has steadily become the greatest social problem to global community. This study therefore examines international response and support to the prevention of Boko Haram insurgency in Nigeria. The paper adopted analytical research design where evidential documented secondary sources of data collection were used to investigate into the international response and support in addressing Boko Haram menace in Nigeria. Using thematic, analytical and explanatory techniques to analyze the data that were available, the paper observed the efforts made by the international organizations and groups in curtailing the activities of the Boko Haram in Nigeria but suspected however that such efforts were not sufficient to assist the country in ending the insurgency. The paper also envisaged a lot of shortcomings in Nigeria's efforts and approaches in dealing with insurgency as the country over-relied on hard approaches in additional to other variables such as corruption; lack of political will; ethnic, cultural and religious sentiments; conspiracy; lack of safety of members; poor leadership; lack of cooperation and community involvement; illiteracy etc that always stand as stumbling blocks against some of the international programmes and supports which also contributed to the withdrawal of some of the international supports. The paper concluded with a strong conviction that Nigeria will get maximum supports from the international organizations and groups capable of defeating Boko Haram insurgency only if the country itself demonstrates sincere commitment devoid political, cultural, religious and ethnic sentiments; corrupt tendencies; in addition to provision of adequate security cover for international groups' members; and adequate involvement of the community members.


Script identification at character level in handwritten documents is a challenging task for Gurumukhi and Latin scripts due to the presence of slightly similar, quite similar or at times confusing character pairs. Hence, it is found to be inadequate to use single feature set or just traditional feature sets and classifier in processing the handwritten documents. Due to the evolution of deep learning, the importance of traditional feature extraction approaches is somewhere neglected which is considered in this paper. This paper investigates machine learning and deep learning ensemble approaches at feature extraction and classification level for script identification. The approach here is: i. combining traditional and deep learning based features ii. evaluating various ensemble approaches using individual and combined feature sets to perform script identification iii. evaluating the pre-trained deep networks using transfer learning for script identification 'iv. finding the best combination of feature set and classifiers for script identification. Three different kinds of traditional features like Gabor filter, Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM), Histograms of Oriented Gradiants (HOG) are employed. For deep learning pretrained deep networks like VGG19, ResNet50 and LeNet5 have been used as feature extractor. These individual and combined features are trained using classifiers
like Support Vector Machines (SVM) , K nearest neighbor (KNN), Random Forest (rf) etc. Further many ensemble approaches like Voting,Boosting and Bagging are evaluated for script classification. Exhaustive experimental work resulted into the highest accuracy of 98.82% with features extracted from ResNet50 using transfer learning and bagging based ensemble classifier which is higher as compared to previously reported work.


A 6-week study was conducted to determine the effects of different lipid sources in pelleted diets on juvenile mud crab Scylla paramamosain. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets containing 8% level of fish oil (FO), lard (LD), safflower oil (SO), perilla seed oil (PO) or mixture oil (MO; VFO:VSO:VPO = 1:1:1), and a live food of marine bivalve Potamocorbula rubromuscula as the control diet (CF), were fed to groups of 25 juvenile crabs (average initial weight 7.4 g, carapace width 3.5 cm) in triplicate. The results showed that crabs fed MO had the highest survival (P < 0.05). The moisture content was significantly higher in crabs fed LD, SO and PO (P < 0.05). Crabs fed SO exhibited the lowest crude protein and lipid (P < 0.05). Ash contents were obviously lower in LD group (P < 0.05). Highest total lipid in the hepatopancreas and muscle was in LD and FO group respectively. Glucose, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein were higher while high-density lipoprotein was lower (P < 0.05) in LD group. Tissue fatty acid compositions were consistent with those in diets. FO and MO diets had the same depression effect like CF on fatty acid synthase activity and mRNA expression in the hepatopancreas. The results of this study indicated that FO and mixed oil are suitable for preparation of pelleted diets with better effects for juvenile S. paramamosain compared with live food, and the ratio of n-6/n-3 fatty acids in pelleted diets must be <1.


For years, Amazon, a widely known and popular e-commerce enterprise and online marketplace, has provided consumers with a stress-free, simple approach to online shopping. The company offers customers the option to order products online or on an app and have them delivered directly to their door in no time at all. For years, Amazon has allowed third-party vendors access to its site for marketing and selling products to consumers.In recent years, instances have arisen where defective products sold on Amazon by third-party vendors have led to the injury of consumers. Often, the third-party vendors are suspicious entities who are challenging to locate and even more difficult to pursue legal recourse against for damages. By arguing that it merely provides a platform for these vendors to market their products to a wider-reaching consumer base, the E-commerce giant argues it is exempt from liability for consumers' injuries since it is not the seller of the product that caused harm.Recently, a landmark case decided by the Supreme Court of Texas determined that Amazon could not be held liable for a defective product for which it never had or relinquished the title. This Note discusses why Amazon should be considered the "owner" of all products delivered to consumers via Amazon packaging by reviewing persuasive authority from other jurisdictions that found Amazon could be held liable. Additionally, it discusses other potential options for Amazon to pursue to help its customers more clearly identify suspicious vendors before purchasing products that could be defective. This Note ultimately argues that the Supreme Court of Texas set a precedent in the recently decided case of Amazon Incorporated v. McMillan that leaves customers no option for recovery when the third-party vendor is unreachable.


This study presents an analysis of the impact of asset price bubbles on the markets for cryptocurrencies and con-siders the standard risk management measure Value-at-Risk ("VaR"). We apply the theory of local martingales, present a styled model of asset price bubbles in continuous time and perform a simulation experiment featuring one- and two-dimensional Stochastic Differential Equation ("SDE") systems for asset value through a Constant Elasticity of Variance ("CEV") process that can detect bubble behavior. In an empirical analysis across several widely traded cryptocurrencies, we find that the estimated parameters of one-dimensional SDE systems do not show evidence of bubble behavior. However, if we estimate a two-dimensional system jointly with an equity market index, we do detect a bubble, and comparing bubble to non-bubble economies it is shown that asset price bubbles result in materially inflated VaR measures. The implication of this finding for portfolio and risk management is that rather than acting as a diversifying asset class, cryptocurrencies may not only be highly correlated with other assets but have anti-diversification properties that materially inflate the downside risks in portfolios combining these asset types. We also measure the model risk arising from mispecifying the process driving cryptocurrencies by ignoring the relationship to another representative risk asset through applying the principle of relative entropy, where we find that across all cryptocurrencies studied that the distributions of a distance measure between the simulated distributions of VaR are almost all highly skewed to the right and very heavy-tailed. We find that in the majority of cases that the model risk "multipliers" range in about two to five across cryptocurrencies, estimates which could be applied to establish a model risk reserve as part of an economic capital calculation for risk management of cryptocurrencies.


The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of the prediction methods which are frequently used in the clinic, such as Moyers', Tanaka and Johnston's, Song's Hixon and Oldfather's, Kaplan's, Smith's. These prediction methods were compared to the data, which were obtained from 100 Kyung-Hee University students (50 males and 50 females) with normal occlusion of permanent dentition, using a retrospective statistical analysis. The standard periapical radiopgraphs for the lower premolars using 16-inch long cone technique and the yellow stone dental casts were taken from each samples. The mesiodistal widths of 4 incisors, canine, premolars were measured on the dental casts, and those of premolars were measured on the radiographs. The correlation coefficients, paired samples t-tests, regression coefficients between the actual measuredments of the samples and the predicted measurements of each methods were analyzed. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The prediction methods using periapical radiographs tended to show a stronger correlation than the methods using dental casts; the correlation coefficients between the actual widths of the lower canine and premolars and the predicted widths of the tested methods were higher in Smith, Kaplan, Hixon & Oldfater, and Tanaka & Johnston (p


This paper presents a power and light sensorless P&O (perturbation and observeration) based single-axis tracking method. This method can be utilized in both solar power stations and standalone systems, such as a building or water pumps to track the sun. With the help of a stepper motor, the angle of incidence is changed constantly while a controller simultaneously compares the maximum received power from each angle, As a result, the system will find correct direction toward the sun. In this method the maximum value of solar energy is captured at any time during a day. Its manufacturing cost is much less than sensor based solar trackers and also it can accurately track the sun in different weather conditions such as cloudy sky. The advantage of this system is that it works regardless of any current or light sensors. The proposed method is verified by the simulations and experiments.


This article introduces the main measures took by Yichang Centre People Hospital in the action about hospital management year, the result and the comprehensions. It was compacted to the questions about expensive medical treatment and difficulties of medical treatment. Some measures such as convenient medical treatment project and promotion of the communication between doctors and patients were taken to reinforce hospital administration. The hospital is made more scientific administration and standardization service.


The fast Fourier transform (FFT) can be used to implement a spectrum analyzer by digitizing the input waveform and performing an FFT on the time domain signal to obtain the frequency domain representation. What seems to be a simple measurement technique often turns out to be much more complicated in practice. Given reasonable computational power, usually in the form of a digital signal processor (DSP), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or custom integrated circuit, the FFT analyzer can provide significant speed improvement over the more traditional swept analyzer. The classic FFT analyzer (also called a dynamic signal analyzer) covers the frequency range from DC up to a few hundred kilohertz. These analyzers are typically applied to audio and mechanical measurements.


A significant gap exists in our understanding of what explains the varying responses of multinational corporations MNCs to social issues in emerging markets. Arguably, in a setting where both market institutions and regulations and norms of corporate social responsibility are underdeveloped, it is more difficult for corporations to take actions beyond those that serve their immediate economic interests. Proposing a social movement perspective on MNCs' responsiveness to social issues in emerging markets, we identify the mechanisms by which online activists grab firms' attention and force them to become more socially responsive. A perception of organizational vulnerability and a home-country institutional logic that is consistent with the demands of the online campaign provide political opportunity structures that hasten the corporate response but affect the magnitude of firm response differently. We test our framework in the empirical context of corporate philanthropic action following the 2008 earthquake in Sichuan province in China, which triggered an online campaign that questioned MNCs' donations to the disaster relief effort. Our study contributes to the literature on heterogeneous organizational responses to social movements, a better understanding of the antecedents for MNCs' social responsiveness in emerging markets, and research on MNCs.


The entire sub-Himalayan tarai (flat lands) region is in the classical goiter endemic belt of India. Siddharthnagar district in Eastern Uttar Pradesh is located in the foot-hills of the Himalayas and made up of tarai (flat lands).The present study was undertaken to evaluate the serum level of genetic markers for autoimmune thyroid disease(AITD) namely thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAb) and thyroperoxidase antibody (anti-TPO) which are implicated as goitrogenic factors for the persistence of endemic goiter during post salt iodization phase in sub-Himalayan tarai region of India. A total of 140 venous blood samples were collected from the goitrous school children of both sexes from 14 study areas of Siddharthnagar district for the measurement of thyroglobulin antibody (anti-Tg) and thyroperoxidase antibody (anti-TPO). Thyroglobulin antibody (Anti-Tg) and thyroperoxidase antibody (Anti-TPO) in serum are within normal range in almost all cases, indicating that these antibodies or genetic marker perhaps play no role in the etiopathogenesis of endemic goiter in the studied region during post salt iodization phase.


Four different genes that cause spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA1, SCA2, Machado Joseph`s Disease (MJD)/SCA3 and SCA4) have been mapped to chromosomes 6p, 12q, 14q, and 16q, respectively. We have examined and collected 170 individuals (56 affected) from a previously unreported 10 generation kindred (the Lincoln Family) with a dominant ataxia that is clinically and genetically distinct from those previously mapped. The family has two major branches from Indiana and Kentucky. Of historical interest is that both branches descend from the paternal grandparents of President Abraham Lincoln. While the ataxia in this kindred is disabling, the most striking clinical distinction from SCA1, SCA2 and MJD/SCA3 is that it is generally not life threatening. This clinical difference is explained by the absence of bulbar paralysis and lower motor neuron degeneration that causes respiratory muscle weakness. We have mapped the gene, SCA5, using microsatellite markers spaced at 20-40 cM intervals throughout the genome. After 75 markers, the first to demonstrate a lod score greater than 3.0 was D11S871 (Zmax=5.05). Four additional markers from the centromeric region of chromosome 11 also gave lod scores greater than 3. The highest lod scores were 12.3 for both D11S905 ({theta}=0.056) and D11S913 ({theta}=0.030). Multipoint linkage and haplotype analysesmore » indicate the most likely location for SCA5 is within the 7 cM interval between GATA2A01 and D11S913. A statistical analysis of the age of onset of parent-offspring pairs within the family supports (p<0.0002) the presence of anticipation. Several dramatic examples of anticipation have been observed in which grandmothers have onsets 10-20 years later in life than their daughters who have onsets 10-20 years later than their children. Interestingly, all four of the juvenile onset cases are maternally inherited, suggesting a maternal bias in anticipation for SCA5 rather than a paternal bias as seen with SCA1.« less


Two copper coordination polymers,Cu3(2,2'-bipy)2(C8H4O4)2(C8H5O4)2(1)and Cu(Ⅰ)Cu(Ⅱ)(4,4'-bipy)1.5(C8H4O4)(C8H5O4)were hydrothermally synthesized in mixed solvothermal and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction.Cu3(2,2'-bipy)2(C8H4O4)2(C8H5O4)2(1)crystallizes in a triclinic system with space group P1 and cell parameters,a=1.03314(4)nm,b=1.08350(3)nm,c=1.15826(4)nm,α=83.104(2)°,β=84.609(2)°,γ=66.125(2)°,and Z=1.Cu(Ⅰ)Cu(Ⅱ)\5(4,4'-bipy)1.5(C8H4O4)(C8H5O4)(2)crystallizes also in a triclinic system with space group P1 and cell parameters,a=1.06979(3)nm,b=1.09209(3)nm,c=1.47887(3)nm,α=91.795(2)°,β=93.2460(10)°,γ=118.6170(10)°,and Z=2.Their syntheses were performed under the similar conditions from different organic alkali ligands 2,2'-bipy and 4,4'-bipy at different concentrations.These changes gave rise to the corresponding change in final crystal structure of products.Both compounds are thermally stable up to 300 ℃.


Note: This is a pre-print version of a paper published in Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. Please cite the published version; a suggested citation appears below. Abstract WorldCat, OCLC's bibliographic database, identifies books and the libraries that hold them. The holdings provide detailed information about the type and number of libraries that have acquired the material. Using this information, it is possible to infer the type of audience for which the material is intended. A quantitative measure, the audience level, is derived from the types of libraries that have selected the resource. The audience level can be used to refine discovery, analyze collections, advise readers, and enhance reference services. Reproduction of substantial portions of this publication must contain the OCLC copyright notice.


In developing countries like Ecuador, the farmers don't have access to the technology needed to increase field production or reduce the water and energy waste typical of old farming methods. This paper presents the implementation of a low cost smart irrigation system that uses a modified wireless sensor network to provide the technology tools to those farmers in developing countries willing to change their method of production. Most of the system parts were designed, manufactured and integrated with low and local components minimizing the use of expensive imported parts in order to reduce the implementation cost and create new work opportunities. This project was focused in the substitution of components, hardware integration, protocol selection and modification, design for easy and non-specialized worker assembly.


Indoor positioning based on the received signal strength (RSS) in wireless local area networks (WLAN) is one of the most promising approaches to provide Location-based services. Gaps in the coverage of the fingerprint can lead to significant errors. We propose a localization scheme that minimizes these faults. By using Gaussian Processes (GP) we are able to incorporate model knowledge and empirically measured data, with correct uncertainty handling and Bayesian parameter estimation. This approach leads to a hybrid localization technique, that outperforms several other procedures. We evaluate our method on two huge datasets, while focusing on measurement gaps in the available data. This provides a realistic and challenging scenario, compared to randomly selected missing data. We show that we are able to significantly reduce the localization error especially for increasingly sparse data sets.


Cerebrospinal nematodiasis caused by Micronema deletrix occurred in an 11-year-old Thoroughbred gelding. Its clinical signs were characterized by paralysis and suggestive of a viral encephalitis. The nematode was observed only in the central nervous system in this case. A remarkable tissue response to the parasite was a granulomatous reaction with giant cells. The present case was diagnosed microscopically as meningoencephalomyelitis caused by M. deletrix. This report is believed to be the first record on cerebrospinal nematodiasis of the horse caused b y M. deletrix infection in Japan.


 Superconducting hot-electron bolometer (HEB) mixers are promising heterodyne detectors for THz frequencies. HEB mixers operating at 4 K or below offer the possibility of near-quantum-limited performance without an upper frequency limit imposed by the superconducting energy gap. High temperature superconductor HEB mixers offer very sensitive, low power heterodyne detectors operating at temperatures approaching 90 K for applications requiring closed-cycle refrigeration. We report on recent progress in fabricating and characterizing high-Tc mixers based on ultra-thin (10-20 nm) YBa2Cu2O7-δ films patterned to submicrometer dimensions (0.1-1 μm) and incorporated into 1-3 THz planar mixer circuits.


Climate change has a potential impact on the number of hot and torrid days in the summer period. Due to the occupants' comfort needs, and because of the high heat loads during the summer period, in several European countries, the energy used for air conditioning in buildings increased. With multiple environmental monitoring systems (Testo Saveris) in two similar offices, having west and east orientation of glazing, 1920 data (internal air, mean radiant temperature) related to operative temperature were collected in order to show the differences between heat loads of rooms with similar geometry in the same building. Data were measured in a 15 min interval. The diffuse and direct solar radiation had been determined for the horizontal and vertical surfaces, using the measured hourly global radiation (Debrecen, Hungary) data for the analyzed days (summer, hot, and torrid days). The local climatic results were compared with other climatic days used in different national standards. The daily energy need for cooling for different building comfort categories was also determined in the case of the representative days. The maximum daily energy need for cooling can be even 2.3 times higher for east orientation in comparison to the west orientation of the facades.


ABSTRACT This study was performed to investigate the effect of sleep quality of new mothers on their breastfeeding self-efficacy. The data of 52 mothers were analysed in the study. Data were collected by the midwife at the first, sixth and 12th weeks after the birth. In the analysis, the repeated measures ANOVA, independent samples t-test, chi-square test and correlation analysis were used. Sleep quality was poor in 38.5%, 17.3% and 15.4% of the participants in the first, the second and the third follow-ups respectively. Breastfeeding self-efficacy levels of the mothers whose sleep quality was good improved. In promoting breastfeeding, the sleep factor should be considered, and it should be included in social support and postpartum care services.


Recent work in grammaticalization has highlighted cases where former inflectional affixes have gained independence on an unexpected path towards clitic or full-word status. Such cases challenge the hypothesized unidirectionality of grammaticalization at the formal level (word > clitic > affix). This article considers two cases from Slavonic languages: in the first, various Slavonic languages reidentified a former conditional-mood personnumber inflection as the present tense of the perfect auxiliary 'be'; in the second, the genitive singular -a inflection of Bulgarian masculine nouns was reidentified as a form of the definite article. In both cases, a former inflectional affix came to be identified with some other pre-existing less bound morph, allowing the languages to eliminate some inflectional category: person-number inflection on the conditional and case inflection on nouns respectively. These cases are part of general patterns of degrammaticalization in which obsolescent morphological markers are reassigned to productive functions, whether to an existing morph or to create a new morph (exaptation-adaptation). Since the new morph may be of any grammatical type, and language learners do not compare the new status of the morph with its old status, this inevitably leaves open the possibility of degrammaticalization if the new function of the morph happens to be less grammatical or more phonologically independent than its old function.


This study is aimed at introducing System Dynamics as a Stochastic Method and introducing a phased application for financial feasibility analysis according to the analytic procedure of system dynamics, in order to apply it to tourism. System Dynamics is a research method which focuses on predicting a pattern of growth or change by describing interrelation among factors causing the changes. Procedure of construction and analysis of System Dynamics Model is divided to five phases: (1) to perceive and define problem and set boundary of system model; (2) to draw a map of causality which conceptualize the problem at the view of feed-back; (3) to construct qualitative model based on the map of causality, so that we may simulate it on computer; (4) to review feasibility of simulation model so constructed. (5) to analyze the model so constructed. Application of system dynamics in the financial feasibility analysis of tourism development project can include factors which have been presupposed or omitted in the traditional methods into the model, and various alternatives can be suggested in which we set stochastic range value as input value by better predicting uncertainty through the model.


Islam regulates all matters relating to human activity. Also included in business activities. In the case of muamalah, all things are considered permissible unless there is evidence that forbids it. So in business it is permissible and even innovation is needed. Islam of course has ethics in business which are all contained in the Koran and can be seen from the actions of the Prophet Muhammad. Muhammad Syafii Antonio as a Muslim economist has his own picture of Islamic business ethics. As a convert, his views on Islamic business ethics deserve to be studied.


The decision-making process in the management of a patient with a palatally displaced canine can be complex, with several clinical and patient-related variables, each requiring careful consideration, both individually and in unison. In this article, we discuss these factors, along with the available treatment options and their underlying evidence base. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Alignment of palatally displaced maxillary canine represents a common and potentially challenging clinical task for all orthodontists. A detailed understanding of the factors that can potentially influence the success of this approach should help clinicians to reach an appropriate treatment decision for each individual patient as part of a risk–benefit approach.


No trouble found (NTF) parts are the bane of the test engineer's existence, since it is difficult to determine the cause of a fail for a part that won't. A companion paper (S. Davidson, 2005) discusses parts that are NTF after failing in the board or system factory. This paper discusses the issue of parts that fail in the field. We classify field NTFs, describe a method of determining the defect coverage of a component under board and system test, and describe how data mining techniques can be used to assist in explaining the causes of field NTFs


The utility model belongs to the technical field of cross-linking agent control and specifically relates to a system controlling a cross-linking agent. The system controlling cross-linking agent includes a No.1 liquid adding pump, a transition bin and a No.2 liquid adding pump connected together successively through pipelines. The system also includes a filtering net I arranged in a liquid outlet of the No.1 liquid adding pump and a filtering net II arranged in a liquid outlet of the No.1 liquid adding pump; and a three-opening port A arranged in a first outlet of the No.2 liquid adding pump and a three-opening port B arranged in a second outlet of the No.2 liquid adding pump. By adopting the system controlling the cross-linking agent, the cross-linking agent can be filtered for multiple times after entering the liquid adding system and impurities are prevented from entering. Besides, the filtering nets can be cleaned quickly and midway adding of the cross-linking agent is not affected. Moreover, the No.2 liquid adding pump can be kept in a working state with stable displacement through a backflow pipeline and displacement range of the cross-linking agent entering a sand mulling vehicle pipe unit can be enlarged. The displacement range of the cross-linking agent can be zero to a value enabling maximum working capability of the No.2 liquid adding pump. Therefore, displacement stability of the cross-linking agent can be guaranteed and precise control can be facilitated.


Objective To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor C(VEGF-C) and its receptor vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3(VEGFR-3) in colorectal carcinoma and its relation with lymph node metastasis.Methods The specimens were taken from 56 patients with primary colorectal cancer in 2006.Twenty adenoma specimens were used as control.Be studied the expressions of VEGF-C protein,VEGFR-3 protein and CD34 protein in colorectal cancer and adenoma by immunohistochemistry.Results(1)The expressions of VEGF-C protein and VEGFR-3 protein were significantly higher than that in controls(P0.05).There was correlated expression between VEGF-C protein and VEGFR-3 protein.(2)The lymphatic microvessel density(LMVD) and microvessel dencity(MVD) were significantly higher than that in colorectal adenoma(all P0.05).The LMVD was higher in colorectal cancer with VEGF-C staining positive than that in VEGF-C staining negative group(P0.05).But the MVD had no significantly difference in VEGF-C staining positive group and in VEGF-C negative group(P0.05).Conclusion(1)the expression of VEGF-C protein and VEGFR-3 protein are higher in colorectal cancer than in adenoma,and it may correlated with lymph node metastsis.(2)the expression of VEGF-C protein is correlated with LMVD,but there is no significantly correlation between the expression of VEGF-C and MVD.(3)the raise of LMVD may promote lymph node metastasis of cancer cells.


The results of tests have proved the use of EM technology (effective microorganisms) to reduce bacterial contamination of the environment. Desoldering calves were fed with "EM Kurunga" concentrate, which reduced the number of allocated and pathogenic micro-organisms into the environment. Sanitation of calf-sheds with «Baikal EM1" preparation allows to reduce their bacterial contamination and eliminate unpleasant odors.


The invention discloses a blood plasma albumen and/or blood corpuscle albumen preparing method, which adopts a high pressure homogenizing machine to dispose the fresh animal blood plasma and/or blood corpuscle under the pressure of 60 to 120 MPa and mechanically sterilize the pathogen microbe and lead to the fresh blood corpuscle cell membrane breaking. The generated blood plasma albumen powder and/or blood corpuscle albumen powder have high security and greatly improve the digestion and absorption rate.


An analytic study has been made of the slip velocity over rotating disk with micro surface roughness. The system Ekman number, E≡V/ΩR², is assumed to be very small value, in which  denotes kinematic viscosity of the fluid, Ω rotational angular velocity of the disk and  radius of the disk. Amplitude of the surface roughness, δ, which is a characteristic length scale of roughness, is equal to or less than the thickness of Ekman boundary layer, i.e., δ≤O(E 1/2 ). Implementing a strained coordinate method to the Ekman layer flow, the flow field solutions are obtained as a form of explicit formula, and then effective slip velocity conditions are clearly defined on the geometrical mean plane. The results are confirmed by comparing with numerical data. Several in-depth physics underlying the solution are discussed.