A TOPIC of perennial interest in the philosophy of law is the circumstances under which one may be said to be in or out of the scope of law-inlaw or outlaw. This concern, among other aspects of law, is touched upon in Professor Samuel M. Thompson's article, "The Authority of Law."' His discussion is interesting, informative, and challenging; but instead of clarifying the nature of law, it succeeds rather in further obscuring the relationship between law and morality, state and society, the natural and the artificial, systems of particular laws and the law that is common to all systems. His readers would have supposed that such key terms as "authority" and "law" would have been defined at the very outset, but "authority" is never defined and definitions (?) or descriptions of "law" are scattered throughout the article. Law is described as "the structure of a society," and has authority apparently because it obliges or exerts compulsion. There are, however, if we may be guided by Webster's Third International, three other relevant senses of "authority": (1) "power to require and receive submission"; (2) "the right to expect obedience"; (3) "superiority derived from a status that carries with it the right to command and give final decisions." It is Thompson's thesis that the authority of law rests ultimately neither on force nor on moral considerations but rather on the existential situation. "Law has a finality no other institutional requirement has. There are no regulations or requirements to which it is subject beyond the legal structure to which it belongs, while all other requirements imposed upon men in a society are in some sense subject to law."2 The reader rightfully asks Thompson: "In what sense of 'authority' is this to be taken as true?" Certainly, in Webster's sense of "power to require and receive submission" and in Thompson's sense of "power to exert compulsion," authority can be naked force and nothing more. If a stranger enters my house and evicts me by bodily force, I may ask him wherein his authority lies, and be told, "In my strong right arm." And I, when asked by curious neighbors why I am out in the cold, may quite truthfully say, "Because I am obliged to be" or "Because someone has compelled me to be." If a strong man were to subvert the powers-that-be of a society and by force restructure that society, it would be absurd to say that this law, this new structure, had a situational authority, that is, its very existence was its authority. No, its authority would very clearly and immediately rest on force. But if "authority" means "the right to expect obedience"-and I suspect that most writers do so use the term, then, contrary to Thompson, the authority of law is not situational and it does not "cut beneath all claims of value."3 The authority of law does rest upon "the soundness of the claim that this or that is what ought to be." It does not rest "on the fact that there is no other way" or "no tolerable alternative." Rather, "that there is no other way" rests on the authority of the law, that is, that it has the right to expect obedience. "Tolerable" is an ambiguous term, meaning either "can be tolerated" or "should be tolerated." In the former case the tolerable alternative simply exists without any normative judgment in its behalf; in the second case its existence is held to be what ought to be. Now what does the law require? Some one or another more or less specific action or abstinence from action is enjoined or forbidden. Is there any tolerable alternative to what the law requires? Disobedience of a particular law may be, from the lawbreaker's point of view, tolerable in both


Private educational undertaking belongs to public undertaking and is an important part of socialist educational undertaking. Based on the achievements attained by the Party construction when Cuangxi Dongfang Foreign Language College promoted"Excel in Performances"activity,the paper analyzes the problems in the Party construction in private HEIs and puts forward the related countermeasures.


Humanistic capacity includes humanistic knowledge,thoughts and spirits.Due to the feature of art student education,enrollment policy,and negative effect of market economy and art field,some of the art students are lack of humanistic knowledge and thoughts.It is important to improve art students' humanistic capacity.


Objectives:
 Mipomersen (MIPO), a second generation antisense oligonucleotide, targets apoB mRNA, thereby inhibiting apolipoprotein B (apoB) synthesis. In humans, MIPO reduces plasma levels of low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and plasma triglycerides (TG). We hypothesized that these changes are due to reduced assembly and secretion of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and lower production of LDL.

 Methods:
 Healthy volunteers (HVs) (9M, 8F), mean age 43.5 ± 14.2 yr, completed a single-blind, fixed-sequence, phase I study. They received sc-placebo injections once weekly for 3-wks followed by 200mg sc-MIPO injections once weekly for 7-9 wks. Stable isotope turnover studies were performed after each treatment. Blood samples were collected over 48-hrs to determine fractional catabolic rates (FCRs) and production rates (PRs) of apoB in VLDL, IDL, and LDL, and of TG in VLDL. Rates of de novo lipogenesis (DNL) were also measured.

 Results:
 MIPO treatment resulted in significant reductions in plasma LDL-C (45%), TG (29%), and apoB (40%). VLDL, IDL, and LDL apoB levels fell by 29%, 25%, and 42%, respectively. These changes were associated with increases in FCRs of VLDL apoB (42%) and LDL apoB (30%), and by reductions in PRs of IDL apoB (15%) and LDL apoB (27%). The PR of VLDL apoB was unaffected. The FCR of VLDL-TG increased 46% without change in PR. DNL did not change.

 Conclusion:
 In summary, 7 wks of MIPO significantly reduced levels of all apoB-lipoproteins in HVs by increasing the FCRs of VLDL and LDL apoB. The absence of a reduction in VLDL apoB secretion is consistent with many studies in isolated hepatocytes demonstrating both intracellular degradation and secretion of newly synthesized apoB. Thus, if MIPO submaximally inhibited apoB synthesis in this study, the liver could have compensated by increasing the efficiency of VLDL assembly and secretion. The basis of increases in VLDL and LDL FCRs requires further investigation.


Observations of currents, hydrography, and turbulence provide unambiguous evidence for hydraulic control of flow over an isolated three-dimensional topographic feature on Oregon's continental shelf. The flow becomes critical at the crest of the bank, forming a strong supercritical downslope flow in the lower layer. Farther downstream, internal hydraulic jumps form as the bottom flow becomes subcritical. As a consequence, turbulence is greatly enhanced in the bottom boundary layer, in the sheared interface above the swiftly flowing bottom current, and in the internal hydraulic jump. The dissipation rate of turbulent energy is consistent with the mean energy removal rate for a hydraulic jump in an idealized two-layer flow. This enhanced turbulence constitutes a "high drag" state of the flow in which the form drag introduced by the topography exerts significant influence on the flow around it and mixing is increased 102–103 times the background values.


For a social movement and urban scholar, these are not the best days for conducting fieldwork on the streets. Off-line demonstrations, protests with gathering bodies and banners, deliberative assemblies and the like have been on hold for a long period in countries such as Spain. The coronavirus pandemic and the stringent measures taken by the government have set an unprecedented situation in terms of social life and politics, especially for the generations who did not live under the Francoist dictatorship (1939–1978), where surveillance and repression determined daily routines and anti-regime mobilisations. The current ruling coalition between the social democratic party, PSOE, and the more leftist Unidas Podemos, had opened up a promising term for, at least, some progressive policies since they took office in January 2020. However, the sudden economic crisis that the pandemic is unfolding has abruptly undermined even the least optimistic prospects.


Gadolinium (Gd) is commonly used in the production of magnetic compounds. Another use of Gd is in Mg-Gd-based alloys, which are used primarily for their excellent corrosion-resistance properties, and it is for this reason that they can be used in many other applications which require high-strength and lightweight components.1 Moreover, since the Gd isotopes have a large cross-section for neutron absorption, it is also often used in nuclear fuel cycle facilities to control the normal operating condition of a nuclear reactor, i.e. nuclear criticality.2


This special issue is dedicated to the reporting of the recent Arabic natural language processing advances. A special issue of a journal allows, of course, only a partial representation of the current development in a field. However, we believe that the articles in this special issue are representative of at least some Arabic natural language processing fields. The following is a brief summary of each of the main articles in this issue. "Arabic Natural Language Processing: Challenges and Solutions," by Ali Farghaly and Khaled Shaalan, introduces an account of challenges and solutions to significant issues in Arabic natural language processing. It covers many aspects of Arabic that are important to know by different researchers of Arabic language processing, such as Arabic diglossia, the levels (morpheme, word, syntax) of studying the Arabic language, non-concatenative morphology, and the agglutinative nature of the word structure, etc. "Discriminative Phrase-Based Models for Arabic Machine Translation," by Cristina Espana-Bonet, Jesus Gimenez, and Lluis Marquez, presents an Arabic-to-English machine translation system that follows the phrased-based statistical translation architecture. The accuracy of the translation is increased by training the classifier on phrase selection using linguistic and


Enhanced remediation of crude oil polluted soil by Glycine max through augmentation of such soil with cow dung was evaluated in this study. The soil was contaminated artificially with 25g, 50g and 75g crude oil. The total petroleum hydrocarbon content, the soil pH, moisture and organic matter contents of the soil were determined. More TPH was lost from soils augmented with cow dung than from the non-augmented soil. The pH, moisture content and organic matter content were more in the augmented soils than from the nonaugmented soil. Significant differences were noticed between the augmented soils and the non-augmented soil (p<0.05, p<0.01, p<0.001). The results obtained in this study show that augmenting crude oil polluted soils with cow dung will enhance remediation and restoration of crude oil polluted soil.


Historyusual anxiety of the countenance, almost always accompanying surli sin amount, of disease. On inouirv. I found, that when such an amount of disease. On inquiry, I found, that when only four years old, he had an attack of rheumatic fever of four months duration ; another of a like character when in his tenth year ; when fourteen, a more serious onset, which extended over a period of nine Rheumatismmonths ; when twenty, another which lasted only one month ; and, last of all, when thirty-one years of age, one of as short duration. In 1850, when carrying a heavy chest of drawers to a considerable distance, he said he was conscious of giving himself a strain of a severe nature, and which caused great uneasiness and pain in the chest. In 1851 he experienced a sudden shock and severe fright, from loosing his hold on a scaffold while engaged at work, which immediately caused extremely violent palpitation of the heart, ever afterwards brought back by the slightest Accidental Strainsagitation. Jn ]853, while engaged with a heavy hit, he was


Abstract In 2016, Dr. Martin Reinhardt and Dr. Jioanna Carjuzaa produced a series of three webinars concerning Indigenous language immersion programs. The first webinar focused on broad curriculum development ideas including core relationships, guidelines and principles for effective pedagogy, and models. The second webinar focused on the elements of lesson planning. The third and last webinar focused on assessments and the use of rubrics aligned with Indigenous language standards. The content of the webinars has been transposed into the following chapter with certain modifications.


A novel ligand, diethylenetriamine-N,N′,N″-tri(acetyl-p-hydroxybenzoyl hydrazine)-N,N″-bisacetic acid, and its three soluble non-ion transition metal complexes, ML· nH2O (M = Mn, n = 4; M = Co, Ni, n = 2) have been synthesized and characterized on the basis of elemental analysis, molar conductivities, 1H NMR, FAB-MS, TG-DTA analysis, and IR methods. In addition, relaxivity of complexes are determined, The relaxivity (R1) of MnL, CoL, NiL, and Gd(DTPA)2– used as control are 6.33, 2.71, 2.60, and 4.34L·mmol−1·s−1, respectively. The spin-lattice relaxivity of MnL are larger than that of Gd(DTPA)2−. The results showed that complex of MnL may be a potential MRI contrast agent with high spin-lattice relaxivity, good solubility, low osmotic pressure due to non-ion complex.


RNAi is an innate cellular process activated when a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecule of greater than 19 duplex nucleotides enters the cell,causing the degradation of not only the invading dsRNA molecule, but also single-stranded (ssRNAs) RNAs of identical sequences,including endogenous mRNAs.Several rapidly developing RNA interference (RNAi) methodologies hold the promise to selectively silence gene expression in mammals.As such,RNAi technology is currently being evaluated not only as an extremely powerful technology for functional genomic analyses,but also as a potentially useful method to develop highly specific dsRNA based gene-silencing therapeutics.Here,this paper reviews the progress in the research of RNA interference and its use in cancer.


Cre‐mediated recombination, a method widely used in mice for tissue‐specific inactivation of endogenous genes or activation of transgenes, is critically dependent on the availability of mouse lines in which Cre recombinase functions in the tissue of interest or its progenitors. Here we describe a transgenic mouse line, Osr1‐cre, in which Cre is active from embryonic day (E)11.5 in a few specific tissues. These include the endoderm of the posterior foregut, midgut, hindgut, and developing urogenital system, the heart left atrium, extra‐ocular muscle progenitors, and mesenchyme in particular regions of the limb. Furthermore, starting at E12.5, Cre functions in limb interdigital mesenchyme. Within the urogenital system, recombination appears to be virtually complete in the epithelium of the bladder and urethra just posterior to it by E14.5. In males, some of these urethral cells form the prostate. The spatiotemporal pattern of Cre activity in Osr1‐cre makes it a unique resource among the lines available for Cre‐mediated recombination experiments. genesis 46:69–73, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


[Abstract] This paper uses China publicly listed companies data from 1998-2009 to compare earnings management indicators before and after IFRS. Our results tend to support the contention that IFRS discourages earnings smoothing compared with China GAAP (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) but encourages earnings aggressiveness. However, the evidence is rather weak. While we did not find strong evidence that implementation of IFRS reduced earnings management in Chinese companies, neither did we find that it increased earnings management. [Keywords] IFRS; China; earnings management Introduction According to the IASB, over 100 countries have adopted the international accounting standards officially known as International Financial Reporting Standards or IFRS (International Accounting Standards Board, 2009). The United States is scheduled to decide sometime in 2011 about whether to incorporate IFRS into the financial reporting system for U.S. issuers (US Securities and Exchange Commission, 2010). With the possibility of global adoption of IFRS imminent, this seems an opportune time to investigate whether IFRS actually improves the quality of accounting information and provides benefits to investors. Various researchers have approached this topic from several different angles, e.g., IFRS's impact on earnings management; the relationship between IFRS and information asymmetry ( Leuz, 2003); how IFRS affects the cost of equity capital (Daske, 2006; Lambert, Leuz, & Verrecchia, 2007); whether IFRS improves market liquidity (Daske, Hail, Leuz, & Verdi, 2008); and how IFRS affects Tobin's q, which measures effects beyond the cost of capital and market liquidity (Daske et al., 2008). This paper focuses on the potential influence of IFRS on earnings management practices using Chinese domestically listed companies. China mandated IFRS conversion for publicly traded companies starting l/l/2007(Taub, 2006). China's approach is a principles-based approach to translate the new rules into its own code, the Chinese Accounting Standards System. The revisions bring Chinese standards closer to the IFRS benchmark of internationally recognized quality, but the new standards will not be word-for-word translations of IFRS, though they will be founded on similar principles. A few differences are highlighted below: * The application of fair value will be tailored for a country where the government retains significant influence and free markets have not fully developed. * Related party disclosure requirements will be modified to reflect the context of state-ownership. State enterprises will be exempt from the "related-party" disclosure provisions because of the dominance of government enterprises. * There will be no ability to reverse impairment charges. China's approach of moving substantially to IFRS, but maintaining some differences, is consistent with that of some other countries (CCH, 2010). Of course, this practice has the potential to reduce the comparability of financial statements prepared according to "IFRS," but by companies in different countries. This paper will address whether the conversion of Chinese GAAP to Chinese IFRS improves the quality of accounting information by discouraging earnings management. Related Previous Research Clements, Neil, and Stovall (2010) analyzed cultural diversity and country size to attempt to determine why some countries have adopted IFRS and others have not. They found that cultural differences did not seem to play a role, but that larger countries have been less likely to adopt IFRS, possibly because they already have well-developed financial reporting systems and are reluctant to incur the substantial costs of changing to IFRS. The convergence process of Chinese GAAP to IFRS is analyzed by Peng and Smith (2010). They conclude that significant steps toward convergence occurred through the issuance of four successive Chinese GAAPs: 1992, 1998, 2001, and 2006. …


We construct a canonical noncommutative spectral triple for every oriented closed Riemannian manifold, which represents the fundamental class in the twisted K-homology of the manifold. This so-called "projective spectral triple" is Morita equivalent to the well-known commutative spin spectral triple provided that the manifold is spin-c. We give an explicit local formula for the twisted Chern character for K-theories twisted with torsion classes, and with this formula we show that the twisted Chern character of the projective spectral triple is identical to the Poincare dual of the A-hat genus of the manifold.


A method was developed to measure the longitudinal thermal conductivity (TC) of an individual fibre using a T type probe. In the T type probe, a hot wire was supplied with a constant direct current, whose ends were connected to heat sinks to maintain the initial temperature. The test fibre was attached to the centre position of the hot wire at one end and the other end was connected to another heat sink. Based on a one-dimensional steady-state analysis of the heat conduction in the probe, the TC of the fibre and the thermal contact resistance at the junction between the fibre and the hot wire were simultaneously obtained, by changing the fibre length in the same contact condition at the junction. This method was verified by measuring the Pt wire as a reference sample, and good agreement was achieved between the measurement data and reference value. The TC of a pitch-based carbon fibre was obtained to be 490 W m−1 K−1 at room temperature, and the measurement uncertainty was analysed and compared with that of the previous T type probe method.


Multi-task learning is a very challenging problem in reinforcement learning. While training multiple tasks jointly allow the policies to share parameters across different tasks, the optimization problem becomes non-trivial: It is unclear what parameters in the network should be reused across tasks, and the gradients from different tasks may interfere with each other. Thus, instead of naively sharing parameters across tasks, we introduce an explicit modularization technique on policy representation to alleviate this optimization issue. Given a base policy network, we design a routing network which estimates different routing strategies to reconfigure the base network for each task. Instead of creating a concrete route for each task, our task-specific policy is represented by a soft combination of all possible routes. We name this approach soft modularization. We experiment with multiple robotics manipulation tasks in simulation and show our method improves sample efficiency and performance over baselines by a large margin.


Electric charge distributions and the associated surface potentials at the nanoscale play a key role in many areas from material sciences to biology. The increasing field of sample analysis in liquid environments of biologically relevant ionic concentration demands for invasive-free measurements, hardly achievable with current techniques. This paper presents the development of a novel Atomic force Microscopy measurement mode, termed AC-EFM, enabling quantitative surface potential measurements at the nanoscale. It circumvents the use of a dc-bias, which leads to parasitic electrochemical effects in liquids in conventional methods, by the application of an amplitude modulated high frequency voltage. The surface potential is measured through the shift in cantilever resonance frequency, which itself is detected by a phase-locked loop. Measurements with externally applied sample potentials validate the derived model and experiments on a standard KPFM sample show improved spatial resolution, when compared to conventional methods. The capability of AC-EFM to quantitatively measure surface potentials at the nanoscale without the use of a dc-bias is demonstrated.


Background: Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that is felt in the absence of organic disease.Hypersecretion of prostaglandins, especially PGF2a and PGE2 and increased uterine contractility are themain causes of primary dysmenorrhea during menstruation in women. Omega 3 can reduce menstrual painby reducing levels of prostaglandins during menstruation. besides aerobic exercise can be done as one wayto reduce the severity of primary dysmenorrhea.Methods: This study used a literature review method using comprehensive strategies such as searching forarticles in research journal databases, searching through the internet, reviewing articles. The data databasesearch used was Proquest, Pubmed, sciencediretct.com, Elsevier journal. The inclusion criteria in this studyare British journals that discuss physiology, omega 3, aerobic exercise, and primary dysmenorrhea. Theexclusion criteria in this study were international journals that had been published over the last 5 years in2021.Result: Based on a review of research results, it is clear that regular aerobic exercise can significantly reduceprimary dysmenorrhea due to increased progesterone. Omega 3 supplementation can significantly reduceprimary dysmenorrhea because it can inhibit prostaglandin productionConclusion: Aerobic exercise and omega 3 supplementation can reduce primary dysmenorrhea duringmenstruation


An asymptotic analysis of incomes in the closed exponential HM-network, in which messages are served with an absolute priority and non-priority messages. The number of priority Kj (t) and non-priority K 2 (t) messages are piecewise constant functions of time with q intervals of constancy, K sl (t) = K sl, t e, ), K xl + K 2l = Ki, l = 1, q. The number of lines in service queueing systems (QS) m t (t), i = 1, n, m 0 (t) = K 1 (t) + K 2 (t), transition probabilities between messages pj (t), i, j = 0,n, depend on time. We denote v*, (k, t) the expected income, which will receive at l time interval the QS of closed network during time t, if at the initial time the closed network is in a condition k, I 0s is the 2n -vector consisting of zeros, I is is the 2n -vector with zero components and components with the exception of the room 2(i -1) + s, which is equal to 1, i = 1, n, s = 1, 2. It is shown that the distribution density p* cl (Xl, t) of the income of the system S c at time interval l satisfies, up to terms of order of smallness е г 2 = K2, partial differential equations ^ (Xl, t) = -Z Z Aisl (Xl, t) Z Z Bjl (Xl + r* (Xl,t). dt i =1s=1 dxisl 2 i, j=1 s=1 dxisl dxjsl Denote by v pr, (t) the average value of income over x, for the system S c with priority messages, provided the initial state x Gl cl * * f n 1 chang es in t he reg ion G, where G =\x l = (х ш ,x12l; x21l ,x22l xn1l ,xn2i ): xisl ^ 0, s = 1 2; z (xni + xm )^U. For this quantity we received the inhomogeneous ordinary differential equation d _ pr.. n 2 dA sl (x, t)_ pr 1... *, ч, -v pr (t) = ZZv pr (t) +--U... I r*, (x, t )dx,. dt G,cl y '' H, d x G,cl y '' mfr*\ * dt 1 i=1s=1 ° xisl 1 m(G, ) G* The results are applied in forecasting incomes of the carrier enterprise.


Dexterity has significant influence on studies on rehabilitation robot. By researching the dexterity of lower limbs, the paper aimed at improving design mechanism, optimizing control and providing a reference for designs related to rehabilitation robot. Based on anatomy of human lower limbs, this paper not only studies its structure and extends conventional three-dimensional method to six-dimensional approach by virtue of spinor theory, but also builds up kinetics analysis model and analyzes manipulability and dexterity of lower limbs. With the help of experimental platform (powered RGO), feasibility of the foregoing analyses is verified. It is of much feasibility to analyze and evaluate the dexterity of human lower limbs. The experimental platform proves that the new method is useful for design of rehabilitation devices. In addition, there are some best motion points (BMPs) in human motion which is very helpful for construction of human analysis model and the design of such rehabilitation devices.


"The main purpose of this HRMS Management System is to develop a web based interface to manage the Human Resource of software companies. The system helps the administrator to manage the HR of the company. The HR team can stay updated with the progress of the tasks assigned to a team. The company can create vacancies and also schedule them. The employees can update their progress in an assigned task for the administrator to view and the employees can also view their payrolls. The job seekers can learn about the vacancies and also apply for the posts.
The Human Resource Management System can be used to manage the Human Resource of a company. The system helps management to create vacancies and accept applications from the applicants, online. It also keeps the administrator updated with the progress of a team in the task assigned. It can also generate payroll automatically. The website may utilize various technologies and frameworks, such as React, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and server-side languages, to create a seamless and engaging user experience


Discloses an apparatus and associated method for controlling the movement of the microphone, the microphone may be a microphone boom support (52) held in a certain way. More particularly, the present invention is most highly concentrated in the desired support for the microphone boom deflection isolated from novel techniques microphone holder, the microphone can provide a desired spatial positioning of the microphone holder. The present invention is also focused on the deflection means may be used to implement priority isolating the microphone boom supporting the support with respect to any other microphone boom freedom of motion. The particular type of apparatus (double cone clutch) may be used to implement such isolation is preferentially a technical aspect of the present invention.


1. We determined the effects of a change in preload, or resting load, on the development of force and on cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) during the contraction induced by high K+ depolarization and by the stable analogue of thromboxane A2, U‐46619, using front‐surface fluorometry and medial strips of bovine middle cerebral artery loaded with fura‐2. 2. Increase in resting load of strips from 0.495 mN (low load; 0.85L(max)) to 1.98 mN (optimal load; L(max)) elevated resting levels of [Ca2+]i slightly, and, significantly, after a delay of a few seconds. The force developed by high K+ depolarization at resting load of 1.98 mN was much greater than that at a resting load of 0.495 mN (191.8% of that at 0.495 mN); however, there was no difference in [Ca2+]i elevation induced by high K+ depolarization between resting loads of 0.495 and 1.98 mN. 3. Both in the presence and absence of extracellular Ca2+, the force developed by U‐46619 (0.1 microM) at resting load of 1.98 mN was also much greater than that at a resting load of 0.495 mN. Both in the presence and absence of extracellular Ca2+, there was no difference in the [Ca2+]i transients induced by U‐46619 between two different resting loads. 4. The [Ca2+]i‐force relationship during the contraction induced by high K+ depolarization was shifted to the left when the resting load was increased from 0.495 to 1.98 mN. At 0.495 mN resting load, this Ca(2+)‐force relationship was shifted to the left by U‐46619. This left‐side shift of the curve by U‐46619 was further enhanced by the increase in resting load from 0.495 to 1.98 mN. 5. The augmentation of force development induced by the change in resting load (from 0.495 to 1.98 mN) was not affected by a relatively specific inhibitor of protein kinase C, 1‐(5‐isoquinolinesulphonyl)‐2‐methylpiperazine dihydro‐chloride (H‐7; 10 microM). 6. We conclude that (1) at a given degree of [Ca2+]i elevation, the developed force induced by U‐46619 was greater than that induced by high K+ depolarization, and (2) preload, or resting load (below optimal load), regulates contractile responsiveness of cerebrovascular smooth muscle to various stimulations, mainly by modulating the [Ca2+]i‐force relationship, without affecting the extent of [Ca2+]i elevation. The results suggest the possibility that Ca(2+)‐insensitive pathways may be involved in the stretch‐dependent regulation of Ca2+ sensitivity of the contractile apparatus in smooth muscle.


Merchandiser is the customer and the company,the company and production,production and customer connection between this cycle,their direct impact on the quality of work the company's service quality and corporate image.With a single in the production,procurement of raw materials,process and technology,production progress and quality control,input and output,as companies are different in nature,with the single change in the content and process accordingly,each focused.In a small business,production Merchandiser several roles,and both the back office staff,but also a production planner,coordinator,material control member may also be a buyer.In the medium and large enterprises,the representatives of the business enterprise sector to the manufacturing sector reminder to goods,the production of abnormal follow-up,track shipments.According to the core with a single object and the different things that can be divided into production and foreign trade with a single bill,this paper focuses in the production of large enterprises with a single.Production schedule with the basic requirements of a single production sector is to make timely delivery to-order,so that production schedule is consistent with the order delivery,early delivery is not as far as possible,do not delay delivery.


This study was aimed to examine the auditor's experience as moderating to the effect of investigative abilities and understanding of red flags on fraud detection. There are several factors that affect the detection of fraud is the investigative ability and red flags. But these factors have an inconsistent effect, and it is suspected that this is moderated by the auditor's experience. This research was conducted at the state development audit agency (BPKP) province of Bali in 2019. The number of samples taken was 83 auditors who were willing to participate in this study. The sample in the study was determined by purposive sampling method. The data analysis technique used is Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. Based on the results of the study it was found that higher investigative abilities make better the detection of fraud. The higher red flags, make better the fraud detection. The higher of auditor's experience, make better the fraud detection. The more experienced of the auditor, can be stronger the effect of investigative abilities on fraud detection. The auditor's experience is not able to moderate the effect of understanding of red flags on fraud detection, with R-square value (R2) of 82.3%.


is an important risk factor to determine the risk for patient's CMV infection, although not suitable for the diagnosis of CMV disease. Methods used for CMV detection are based on determination of pp65 antigenemia and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Quantitative real time PCR (QRT-PCR) is the most sensitive method for an early diagnosis, particularly in leukopenic patients [11]. In high risk patients, a prospective surveillance strategy for early detection of CMV reactivation is preferred to a clinically driven approach. In autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), CMV reactivation is a rare event. Few studies investigate CMV reactivation and end-organ disease in patients undergoing ASCT, since they are considered at low risk for both reactivation and disease.


Economy principle is a major consideration in the cognitive processing of text. It works in the management and regulation of the flow of knowledge up to the surface. It stipulates that all knowledge is organized in storage as a unified, heavily interconnected and non-redundant network. The principle is recognized in favor of textual efficiency, which is a TRADE-OFF between redundant storage and rapid search with respect to information. Though stated in extremely strong terms, economy principle does work in a weaker version practically, and ECONOMY is realized by the proper devices for textual efficiency. It is also important that practice of economy principle should not violate stability and informativity of text. On the contrary, economy is in compromise with stability and informativity.


Written as somewhat of a "Schaums Outline" on the subject, which is especially useful in robotics and mechatronics. Geometric Algebra (GA) was invented in the 1800s, but was largely ignored until it was revived and expanded beginning in the 1960s. It promises to become a "universal mathematical language" for many scientific and mathematical disciplines. This document begins with a review of the geometry of angles and circles, then treats rotations in plane geometry before showing how to formulate problems in GA terms, then solve the resulting equations. The six problems treated in the document, most of which are solved in more than one way, include the special cases that Viete used to solve the general Problem of Apollonius.


During the last two decades, there have been some attempts to revitalize language teaching and move towards meaning-focused instructions including task-based syllabuses. Such practices believe in engaging learners in real language use in the classroom through transacting various tasks involving implicit learning processes. As the quality of task performance can be promoted by having planning opportunities prior to their completion, the present study scrutinized the effects of task-based writing under different pre-task planning conditions on intermediate EFL (English as a foreign language) learners' written performance in personal and decision-making tasks. 120 intermediate learners served as the participants who were randomly assigned to three experimental groups and one control group. While the former planned individually, in pairs or groups, the latter did not have any planning opportunity. Prior to the treatment, they received two personal and decision-making pretests whose results were compared with the two post-tests belonging to the same task types to investigate the efficiency of task-based instruction in improving learners' general writing ability. Following a factorial design, the data were analyzed, and it was indicated that pre-task planning was an effective writing strategy and cooperative planning, specifically, played a crucial role in boosting EFL learners' general writing ability when completing personal and decision-making tasks.


The utility model discloses an all-in-one machine for kneading and pressing dough. The all-in-one machine comprises a rack, a dough feeding hopper, a dough kneading roller set and a driving device, wherein the dough feeding hopper is arranged on the rack; the dough kneading roller set is arranged on the rack and is located at the downstream of the dough feeding hopper; the dough kneading roller set comprises a driving dough kneading roller and a driven dough kneading roller; the driving dough kneading roller is arranged on the rack in a pivoting way; the driven dough kneading roller is arranged on the rack in a pivoting way and can move on the rack to enable a pre-set distance to be formed between the driving dough kneading roller and the driven dough kneading roller; and the driving device is connected with the dough kneading roller set to drive the dough kneading roller set to pivot. According to the all-in-one machine for kneading and pressing the dough disclosed by the utility model, the distance between the driving dough kneading roller and the driven dough kneading roller is adjustable so that dough kneading and dough pressing can be conveniently carried out; and the all-in-one machine is simple in structure and convenient to operate.


The Army research laboratory (ARL) at White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico is developing a new weather information gathering resource to provide the Army with the capability to gather meteorological data from battlefield areas that are data sparse. This new resource deemed DAMTA (disposable, air-droppable, meteorological tower array) will consist of multiple individual meteorological towers which will be dispersed over selected battlefield locations by helicopter. They will collect and transmit weather data such as wind direction, wind speed, humidity, barometric pressure and temperature for up to 30 days. The authors received $100K to investigate the inclusion of imagery sensors on the DAMTA to enable users to see near real-time, remote images of the sky and horizon to assist in gathering weather information for mission planning. The project involved purchase, testing, analysis and selection of the best available off-the-shelf imagery sensors (cameras) to be integrated with the DAMTA.


Supported Pt catalysts were modified by adding a second metal such as Co, Mo, Ni, Re, Ag, and Pd. The effects of a second metal on the sulfur resistance were first investigated by accelerated aging test reactions. The test reactions were hydrogenation of tetralin containing 1,000 ppm sulfur at 280 C, 380 psig, and H{sub 2}/oil (mol) = 2.7. The results indicated that Pd-Pt catalyst had the highest sulfur resistance. Aromatics reduction, hydrodesulfurization, and hydrodenitrogenation of straight run distillate diesel over supported Pt and Pd-Pt catalysts were further examined by long-term stability tests. The operation conditions of these tests are the same as those run in a commercial diesel hydrotreating process. The results again indicated that the Pd-Pt catalyst exhibited much better catalytic performance. These results, together with electronic properties of the metal clusters on the catalysts characterized by FFT-IR spectroscopy, provide a basis to speculate the role of Pd in enhancing sulfur resistance; the Pd-Pt bimetallic interactions decrease the electron density of Pt and thereby inhibit the adsorption of H{sub 2}S.


Objective
To analyze the documents regarding the occupational commitment of nurses in China to provide reference for nursing managers.

Methods
Literature analysis was applied. Paper on occupational commitment of nurses in China from 2002 to 2016 were collected and periodicals collection, authors, scientific research funding, distribution of the research objects, sampling methods and related factors to occupational commitment were analyized.

Results
A total of 25 articles were collected. The research objects were mainly from general hospitals, Chinese medicine hospitals, psychiatry and community. The main research content was influencing factors analysis. No intervention research and lack of randomization were the existing problems.

Conclusions
Rsearch on occupational commitment of nurses has been valued in China while the research process needs to be enhanced because of lack of intervention research.

Key words:
Nurse; Occupation commitment; Influencing factors; Literature analysis


Background: Mucormycosis is a rare but potentially life threatening fungal infection. Typically presenting as a rhino-orbital-cerebral infection in severely immunocompromised patients, it less commonly causes infection of the gastrointestinal tract. Aims: This report outlines the rare case of a patient with multiple myeloma who presented with upper gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to gastric mucormycosis, including the diagnosis, treatment plan, and hospital course. The existing evidence regarding the incidence, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of gastrointestinal mucormycosis is discussed. Methods: Case report, review of literature. Results: A 51-year-old immunocompromised male was hospitalised with severe pneumonia, requiring intubation due to respiratory failure. Medical history included a 13-year history of multiple myeloma with recurrence despite 3 stem cell transplants and multiple courses of chemotherapy. He had underlying renal dysfunction and deep vein thrombosis on therapeutic anticoagulation.


Photograph of a portrait of the horse-drawn Engine #1 Group. Two firemen stand to the left of the horses and two more drive the horses. Several others stand around the buggy.


Abstract : Air power and sea power will be the most useful instruments of military force available to planners over the coming decade. Why? Because virtually all conflict during the next ten years will be regional in character. In the context of regional crisis, control of the vertical ladder of escalation will be the concern of the political leadership and, therefore, the most critical task facing the military commander and planners. Our strategists must develop a coherent and usable concept for the integrated use of air and sea power, involving U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and Air Force assets. The powerful synergism that can be achieved by truly integrating `air and sea power has yet to be realized, although we learned much about it in the Persian Gulf war. U.S. warfighters and strategists must assess and improve all aspects of military performance in this critical area -- integration of air and sea power in regional crisis control -- in order to face effectively the geostrategic environment over the next decade.


Based on the definition of " evil" in The New Encyclop? dia Britannica,the paper illustrates the dialectics of good and evil from two aspects: the definition of evil in the terms of ethics;and the western philosophical and theological discussion about evil as well.It proves that good and evil are interdependent,and even can be transformed into each other.The standpoint which tells that good and evil is pure,absolute and extreme is not conducive to our understanding of evil.


A book titled Muntehab is offered to Sultan Mehmet the first. The personality author and the value of the book is stressed.


Abstrak The aim of this research is for (1) Research the effectiveness of Small and Medium Enterprise business cluster growth in centers community of Small and Medium Enterprise of Small and Medium Enterprise Cooperative Ministry which is focused on agribusiness sector. (2) Determine dominant factor which influences cluster business growth of Small and Medium Enterprise agribusiness basis. (3) Arrange growth model formula of Small and Medium Enterprise agribusiness basis. The research results show that program from center community of Small and Medium Enterprise has not effective yet in developing business cluster of Small and Medium Enterprise agribusiness basis. This result found in reality: (1) Found only 2 center from 22 centers community which we researched (around 9.1%) which capable fully in developing cluster characteristic after get more than 3 years financial and non-financial support. This result show that cluster characteristic growth activity in centers community which was facilitated in this program is very low. (2) Chi-square analysis showed that relation between supports which is given has no associate significantly with fully cluster characteristic they owned. (3) Indicator of effectiveness in other government programs is value of additional and deadweight which happen in centers community which already get support. This research also shows that in 41% centre community, activity of centre program Small and Medium Enterprise classified as Deadweight absolute. Which means program not function properly and just waste away like "drowning" (deadweight). In 27% centre classified as partial, while in 32% classified as zero deadweight. From additional value measurement show that about 55% centre did not show any growing investment caused of the program, while in other 45% showed some growing investment caused of the program. That value can also conclude that 55% centre community program participate became dependent in support given and not encourage for investment willing .


Domain experts are essential for successful software development, but these experts may not recognize their ideas when abstracted into Unified Modeling Language (UML) or ontologies. We describe a Web-based tool for modeling that creates and manipulates a simple data model without representing it in UML, while promoting collaboration and the use of examples to compare and validate the model. The open-source tool, "NEMo," is a by-product of a team effort to invent and refine a complex data model and library of examples.


Delta operator-based implementation over the conventional shift operator approach has been applied to the direct form based structure, and the satisfactory performance including low roundoff noise gain and low coefficient sensitivity, has been achieved. However, the approach for delta operator has not been applied into the lattice filter structure. In this paper, a novel lattice filter structure is derived based on the delta operator. The expression of roundoff noise gain for the proposed structure is derived. For an Nth order digital filter, the proposed structure requires 5N + 1 multipliers, which yields the same implementation complexity as the normalized lattice structure. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed structure.


In this paper, the design of VLSI sorter architecture for the acceleration of data sorting operation is addressed. In order to support the sorting of the variable length sequences, the sorter architecture discussed in this paper is based on a central memory module equipped with some fundamental compare-and-swap (C&S) functional units. Three memory-based sorter designs have been addressed. In addition to the basic single-serial C&S architecture, two parallel approaches have been presented. The first approach based on the direct use of parallel C&S units can lead to the speedup of the sorting process nearly proportional to the number of parallel units being used. However, the second approach based on the multi-step cascaded C&S units can further reduce the number of memory data accesses significantly. The dissipation power due to the memory operation can then be reduced such that this approach will be suitable for low-power applications.


In the United States, tropical cyclones cause destructive flooding that can lead to adverse health outcomes. Storm-driven flooding contaminates environmental, recreational, and drinking water sources, but few studies have examined effects on specific infections over time. We used 23 years of exposure and case data to assess the effects of tropical cyclones on 6 waterborne diseases in a conditional quasi-Poisson model. We separately defined storm exposure for windspeed, rainfall, and proximity to the storm track. Exposure to storm-related rainfall was associated with a 48% (95% CI 27%–69%) increase in Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli infections 1 week after storms and a 42% (95% CI 22%–62%) in increase Legionnaires' disease 2 weeks after storms. Cryptosporidiosis cases increased 52% (95% CI 42%–62%) during storm weeks but declined over ensuing weeks. Cyclones are a risk to public health that will likely become more serious with climate change and aging water infrastructure systems.


The study deals with the issue of noise in the school facility, in the school metal workshop, its measurement and evaluation of the results. The purpose of the carried-out study was to monitor and assess the conditions in which the students learn and work there and point out the shortcomings concerning noise's impact on human health. At the same time, the study aimed to optimise the workplace or workshop by legal regulations. Based on the monitoring results, several critical places were found where the limits were exceeded. A 3D noise propagation model modelled according to the measured results was created, allowing us to understand noise propagation better. Finally, the conducted study resulted in suggestions for improving the working conditions in the monitored school facility and for increased safety and health protection of students at work.


In this paper, switching control of decentralized continuous-time systems using digital control is studied. Our objective is to design a high performance controller for a decentralized system, when there is uncertainty in the plant with respect to the gains of the elements of the transfer function matrix, including uncertainty in polarity, which means that a fixed controller is ineffective. Decentralized switching control of hierarchical multi-input, multi-output (MIMO) systems can usually be accomplished by applying a centralized controller design method to each subsystem independently. The problem arises when the system does not have a hierarchical structure. a closed-loop decentralized system. The idea of using Generalized Sampled-data Hold Functions (GSHF) instead of a simple zero-order hold (or first-order hold) in control systems, was first introduced by Chammas and Leondes [2]. Kabamba presented several advantages in using GSHFs in control systems, and pointed out that by using GSHF, one can obtain many of the advantages of state feedback controllers, without the requirement of using state estimation procedures [3], [4]; in particular he showed that GSHFs can significantly improve the performance of a closed-loop system. In [5] it was shown that GSHFs can potentially be used to modify the structure of the digraph of a resultant discretctime plant, by removing certain interconnections in the equivalent discrete-time model of the system. Generalized sampled-data hold functions can be used to modify the structure of a MIMO system so that the equivalent discrete-time model obtained has a desirable control structure. The conditions under which a continuous-time MIMO model can be modified to a discretized hierarchical model will be discussed and the results obtained will be Decentralized adaptive control using "switching" methods was introduced in [SI, and was motivated for the case when uncertainty in the decentralized plant model is sufficiently large that a fixed LTI controller or traditional adaptive controller is ineffective to use. A switching scheme was used for decentralized switching. then given which requires that a set of known plant models be given and that the real plant model belongs to this set. It also requires that a weak communication link to exist between the control agents of the decentralized system. In [7] it was shown that for uncertain systems with a certain type of hierarchical structure, one can apply a decentralized adaptive switching control scheme to regulate and stabilize the system, with no communication links required to exist between the different control agents.


A series of alpha-methylene-N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone monomers with varying length of the alkyl chain from C-1 to C-8 were synthesised. The monomers were subjected to free radical polymerisation to yield a range of polymers each with a different balance in hydrophobic/hydrophilic properties originating from the pyrrolidone moiety and the N-alkyl chain. The equilibrium water content of polymers crosslinked with ethylene dimethacrylate were found to decrease with increasing alkyl chain length The glass transition temperatures of the polymers are reported ranging from 98 degrees C to -5 degrees C on going from the methyl to the octyl derivative. The thermal degradation of the polymers was studied using thermogravimetric analysis and pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The polymers were found to degrade at ca. 400 degrees C predominantly via an unzipping mechanism. Pyrolysis at 450 degrees C results in five products.


The theoretical treatments of nonlinear standing waves had been hampered for years by the simultaneous nonlinear partial differential equations of Riemann. It is suggested that the situation may become encouraging if attention is concentrated on the motion of a particle at a point fixed in space, or on the waveform of the standing wave with fixed alternating values of the particle velocities. It is shown that the motion of a particle at a point fixed on the waveform of a standing wave is readily soluble from the Riemann equations, and an exact, stable solution of the nonlinear standing wave is obtained, which differs from that in linear acoustics only in containing an additional term proportional to the particle displacements in the arguments of the time and space functions. These implicit functions are readily developed into explicit power series, and the field parameters of the standing wave result in terms representing the harmonics. The properties of the nonlinear standing waves thus obtained have bee...


The Chinese government has clearly put forward that we must prioritize the development of agriculture and rural areas. The paper firstly summarizes five parts of the rural revitalization, which are important for rural economy development of China. The Rural Revitalization Strategy covers the general requirements of thriving businesses, pleasant living environments, social etiquette and civility, effective governance, and prosperity. It is important to put in place sound systems, mechanisms, and policies for promoting integrated urban-rural development, and speed up the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. Based on the problems emerged during the implementation of the strategy, the paper then analyzes the problems and points out some solutions to improve the development of each part. At last, the paper gets a conclusion that it is the key to combine current situations in urban and rural areas and to formulate a solid and feasible program. Keywords—rural revitalization; thriving business; social governance; ecological livability


This paper describes a new specialized Reconfigurable Cryptographic for Block ciphers Architecture(RCBA).Application-specific computation pipelines can be configured according to the characteristics of the block cipher processing in RCBA,which delivers high performance for crypto- graphic applications.RCBA adopts a coarse-grained reconfigurable architecture that mixes the ap- propriate amount of static configurations with dynamic configurations.RCBA has been implemented based on Altera's FPGA,and representative algorithms of block cipher such as DES,Rijndael and RC6 have been mapped on RCBA architecture successfully.System performance has been analyzed,and from the analysis it is demonstrated that the RCBA architecture can achieve more flexibility and ef- ficiency when compared with other implementations.


In this study, gold nanoparticles dispersed in poly(methyl methacrylate) were prepared by ablation with a 532 nm laser at different ablation times of 10, 20, and 30 min. The formation of gold nanoparticles in poly(methyl methacrylate) solution was confirmed using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and their size and concentration were estimated using a dynamic light scattering method and atomic absorption spectroscopy, respectively. Linear optical studies indicated a slight blue shift in the surface resonance plasmon of the absorption wavelength with the increase of ablation time. The nonlinear optical properties of the nanocolloids were investigated by using a continuous wave of the 532 nm diode laser with a beam power of 40 mW in the Z-scan technique. All investigated samples showed negative and large thermally induced nonlinear refractive indices. The results confirm that the nonlinear refractive index increases with the increase in ablation time.


The author focuses on the issues of arrangement and positioning of main streets in the urban structure. Principles of organization of main streets, identified on the basis of Russian and foreign examples and differentiated with respect to central, middle and peripheral areas of the city, are analyzed in detail. The aforementioned principles, specified by the author, are considered as a means for (1) the revival of the urban social activity, and (2) the increase of the attractiveness of near-highway areas for pedestrians. Each of the above principles is implemented in varied areas of cities; however the most frequently used principles are: pedestrian accessibility, urban space unity, priority of pedestrians, subordination of new structures to the architectural heritage in the central areas of cities;easy transport accessibility, anthropocentricity, functional intensity, comfortable urban environment in the middle areas of cities;traffic safety, aesthetic quality of the urban environment, intensive use of the underground space in peripheral areas of cities.


A design procedure based on the state variable approach for convolutions encoders and decoders is presented. The algorithm presented can be easily computerized and modified for VLSI implementation.


Here we are proposing an astronomical analysis of the Taj Mahal mausoleum made by means of a modern ephemeris, the Photographer's Ephemeris, a well-known software used for planning outdoor photography. A remarkable alignment with moonrise and moonset azimuths on minor lunar standstill is observed for the four pavilions at the corners of the platform of the mausoleum. Some reference to the moon can also be seen in the gardens.


Knowledge has been classified into two types as explicit and tacit knowledge. With the development of information technology, explicit knowledge could be coded and stored into databases. It seems difficult to use data processing to code tacit knowledge; since some tacit knowledge from personal experience and feelings are tough to be expressed or written into the documents. Several scholars believe that tacit knowledge has essential value for organisational members' problem-solving. Hence, this research attempts to explore the efficient methods to learn tacit knowledge. Inspired by the traditional craftsmen's learning approach from imitation to creation, this research utilises empirical methods to analyse 131 samples from Chinese corporations and proves that this learning method also has practical meaning for today's organisational learning. The findings show that individuals can learn tacit knowledge via imitating, adapting to the current situation, and then creating new ideas to solve problems. This research has proved that adaptive learning has a mediational role in the relationship between imitation and creation.


Note presenting a description of basic electrical networks that compensate for the thermal time lag of thermocouple and resistance thermometer elements used in combustion research and in the control of jet power plants. The measurement or the detection of rapid temperature changes by use of such elements can thereby be improved.


Popular research methods in assessing the impact of macroeconomic and environmental variables on music preferences were psychological experiments and surveys with small groups or analyzing the effect of one or two variables in the whole population. Instead inspired by the article of The Economist about February being the gloomiest month in terms of music listened to, we have created a dataset with many variables. We used Spotify API to create a dataset with average valence for 26 countries for the period from January 1, 2018, to December 1, 2019. Then we applied the regression and machine learning models to them. Our study confirmed the effects of summer, December, and the number of Saturdays in a month and contradicted the February effect. The influence of GDP per capita on the valence was confirmed, while the impact of the happiness index was disproved. All models partially confirmed the influence of the music genre on the valence. Among the weather variables, two models confirmed the significance of the temperature variable. Macroeconomic variables turned out to have non-linear relationships that made interpretations difficult, while the environmental ones clearly indicated a linear relationship with valence.


Abstract Pyroelectric properties of triglycine sulphate (TGS) single crystals doped with Co, Cu, and Tl ions were studied. In crystals containing less than 5 × 10−5 wt% of impurities, an increase of pyroelectric coefficient and magnitude of reorienting polarization is observed as compared with those in pure TGS. Larger doping concentrations lead to decrease of these parameters. Anomalous pyroelectric hysteresis loops are observed in some cases. Thermal Barkhausen effect (TBE) was also studied. On this basis it was found that the temperature of most intense depoling drops for doped TGS crystals in comparison with pure ones. The nature of observed concentration dependence of pyroelectric properties is interpreted on the same ground as the radiation-induced changes in ferroelectric properties. TBE is analyzed in terms of depolarizing fields of bounded charges, occurring due to temperature gradients in the crystal.


University of Lampung has some of water patch such as small dams and retention basin which is needed optimal isazion to improve the function. Among of the small dams, there is small dam is located at Deer Park at University Of Lampung need to redesign . The purpose of redesign this small dam conservation is to increase its function as water conservation building. Water conservation build ing has functioned as rain harvesting and water reserve s during the dry season The methods are used to redesign this small dam conservation are h yd r ological , small dam conservation construction planning , analysis stability of  planned constructions and the last method is estimating building construction cost. Small dam conservation planned height of 5 m, with a base elevation at +104,7 the dam crest elevation +1 12,5 ,00 m . T he flood debit of 426,279 m3/sec with cycle period 10 years . S pillway which used is Open Ogee type and basin specific energy building Vlugter type. Stability small dam conservation at Deer Park University of Lampung construction stated as safe. Cost estimated of design planning of conservation small dam is Rp . 5.918.096.000,00. Reservoir volume after planned to be 13.213,5627 m 3 . This volume has increased from the existing volume of the previous reservoir, which was only 5.981,3997 m 3 . It can be concluded, the ability of small dam conservation to rain harvesting and water reserves during the dry season increases . Keyword : Small dam, Conservation, University of Lampung


Presented is a version of conceptual approach on maintaning and, possibly, increasing production rates on the example of NGDU Sarapulskoye fields. It is noted, that proposed concept on production increase for NGDU Sarapulskoye and, in general, for OAO Udmurtneft requires additional economic revision.


This essay memorializes Giuseppe Eusepi contribution to political economy by refining the theme he and I set forth in 2017 in Public Debt: An Illusion of Democratic Political Economy. There, we claimed that it was illusory to describe democratic governments as being indebted. We did not advance our claim flippantly or lightly. To the contrary, we advanced it in full seriousness. In this essay, I dig beneath the surface of national indebtedness to examine just who owes what to whom when people refer to public debt. When this is done, public debt is seen to resemble a shell game in that repeated references to "our" debt camouflage the web of fiscal advantage and handicap that public borrowing spreads within a society. It is this pattern of advantages and handicaps more than the aggregate fact of indebtedness that is surely the most significant and most neglected feature of public debt.


Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are genetic disorders characterized by inborn errors of immunity with various clinical manifestations, including increased susceptibility to infections, autoinflammation, autoimmunity, lymphoproliferation, allergy, and predisposition to malignancy. PID is an emerging disease in several parts of Asia, including East Asia (EA) and Southeast Asia (SEA). Reports from SEA and EA regions demonstrates that PID is more common than usually thought and constitutes an evolving disease that needs to be addressed. However, these disorders receive less attention compared to the other established diseases and lack awareness; therefore, PIDs are often under-reported. The published reports of PIDs in SEA seem to be extremely less than actual case prevalence. This Research Topic is intended to summarize the recent progress in understanding PIDs in SEA and EA regions. Basic immunology is essential for the understanding of PIDs. DOCK8 deficiency is a combined immunodeficiency characterized by allergic diseases. Jiang et al. revealed that patients with DOCK8 deficiency and the Dock8 knock-out mouse model had defects in IL-10-producing regulatory B (Breg) cells. In addition, IL-21 restored the function of Bregs in the Dock8-deficient mouse. In patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS), T-cell receptor (TCR) diversity was severely impaired. Li et al. demonstrated that WASp deficiency selectively affected the TCR diversity of different memory T-cell subsets using Was knock-out mouse model. Infections are the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with PID. Tang et al. demonstrated that metagenomic next-generation sequencing successfully identified microorganism compared with the conventional microbiological test. A nationwide survey of each country was published on this Research Topic. DNA ligase IV (LIG4) deficiency is an extremely rare PID. Luo et al. described that in patients with LIG4 deficiency, p.R278L variant is observed in most patients and this variant has a founder effect in the Chinese population. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are often observed in patients with PID. Therefore, Kim et al. performed a nationwide survey of GI symptoms in Korean patients with PIDs. Of 165 patients, 55 (33.1%) showed GI manifestations.


David Nowell New Barnet, Herts, UK The Chaîne des Puys is a series of remarkably fresh volcanic cones in the Auvergne region (Fig. 1), which covers a significant portion of the Massif Central, the large upland area in the southern half of central France, which at its greatest extent is about 360 km wide. Over a hundred assorted cones, domes and maars are mostly strung out along a north-south axis a few kilometres to the west of Clermont-Ferrand (Fig. 2), the administrative capital of the Auvergne and the Puy-de-Dôme department, which is named after the highest of these volcanoes (Fig. 3). The 96 Departments into which France was divided into after the French Revolution are named after geographical features, with two-thirds of them named after rivers. Thus the Puy-de-Dôme must not be confused with Le Puy-en-Velay, the 'county town' of the Haute-Loire which is the neighbouring department to the southeast, and also famed for being built around its slightly older Miocene volcanoes.


The present study investigated the anatomical features and fibre morphology of Hedysarum scoparium by using light microscopy(LM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).The results showed that the cells are divided into four types: vessel,fibre,ray parenchyma and axial parenchyma.Hedysarum scoparium belongs to diffuse-porous wood.Rays are exclusively uniserial.Arrangement of intervessel pits is alternate type.Although the mean fibre length of Hedysarum scoparium is 0.68mm,this shrub has quite good fibre morphology compared with China white poplar,wheat straw and red pine.TEM images showed that cell wall of the fibre is typically divided into three layers including the primary wall(P),the middle lamellar(ML) and the secondary wall(S1,S2 and S3).


Experimental regeneratively cooled bipropellant engines, with a vacuum thrust of 2000 N at a chamber pressure of 0.98 MPa and an area ratio of 240:1, were fired with hydrazine-monomethyl hydrazine (MMH) mixed fuels to evaluate potential performance and cooling improvement. Regeneratively cooled engine tests were conducted with 80% hydrazine-20% MMH mixed fuels, as well as with MMH single fuel, utilizing optimized injectors for each fuel. The chamber pressure was varied in a range from 0.6 to 0.9 MPa. Long-duration firing tests of 160 s were conducted to evaluate heat soak-back level and to demonstrate safe shutdowns of a mixed fuel regeneratively cooled engine. The peak specific impulse of the mixed fuel was more than 322 s, while that of MMH fuel was 308 s. Regenerative cooling with the mixed fuel seemed to be particularly advantageous in that the temperature increase through the cooling channels was smaller than that of MMH fuel; this reduced performance degradation due to reactive stream separation ("blow apart") at higher chamber pressures. No indication of explosion in the coolant channels or manifolds at engine shutdown was observed.


This chapter explores the approach the author takes in preparing future secondary English teachers through a flipped method. The author's class is inquiry-based, student-centered, cultural studies oriented, and an experiment in Freirian pedagogy. Rather than a "delivery" or "banking" model of information transfer from teacher to students, the approach understands learning, and the world, as unfinished, in process, susceptible to critical understanding and intervention. This approach, in effect, flips the model of professor as authority telling would-be-teachers how to teach and puts the students, future teachers themselves, into Freire's hyphenated position of "students-teachers" jointly responsible for learning.


Can. Enf. 124: 1391-1394 (1992) 2%-tetradecenyl acetate (28-140Ac) and 28-tetradecenyl alcohol (28-140H) were identified as sex pheromone components of the eyespotted bud moth, Spilonota ocellana (Denis and Schiffermiiller) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae). Compounds were identified by gas chromatographic-electroantenno~phic (GC-EAD) and GC-mass spectroscopic analyses and field tested in apple orchards in the Okanagan Valley, B.C. Although Z8-140Ac alone was attractive to male S. ocellana, the addition of 1-5% Z8-140H strongly synergized its attraction. Field tests comparing the attractiveness of virgin female S. ocellana with various doses of a 99:l blend of Z8-140Ac and Z8-140H indicated the natural sex pheromone has only two significant components. A 99: 1 blend of Z8-140Ac and Z8-140H is suggested for monitoring and control of S. ocellana populations in British Columbia. Resume L'acCtate de Z8-tCtradCc&nyl (28-140Ac) et I'alcool de Z8-tCtrad6ctnyl (ZS-14OH) ont kt6 identifiks comme composantes de la phCromone sexuelle du pique-bouton du pom-mier, Spilonota ocellana (Denis et Schiffermiiller) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae). Les composes ont Ct6 identifiCs par analyse chromatographie en phase gazeuse - Clectro-antennographique (GC-EAD) et spectroscopique de masse chromatographie en phase gazeuse et furent testes dans des vergers de la vallCe de I'Okanagan, C.B. Bien que Z8-140Ac utilisC seul attirait les males de S. ocellana, I'addition de 1-5% de Z8-140H fut fortement synergique a l'attraction. Des tests de champ comparant l'attraction des femelles vierges de S. ocellana a des doses variCes d'un mClange a 99: 1 de Z8-140Ac et de Z8- 140H dkmontrbrent que la ph6romone sexuelle naturelle avait seulement deux composantes significatives. Un mClange a 99: 1 deZ8-140Ac et de 28-140H est suggCr6 pour dCpister et contrbler les populations de S. ocellana en Colombie Britannique.


Stigma, misguided beliefs in causes and effects of chronic diseases in cultural settings and other health seeking behaviours made the incorporation of HIV and AIDS control program into the health care delivery system in Ghana very difficult. We decided to use queen-mothers to be forces of sexual behavioural change for health action. One of the available resources of human capital structures in the health systems and communities is the queen-mother entity. The Central Regional Health Directorate decided to use 22 queen-mothers to implement HIV and AIDS prevention education and sexual behavioural change for a two year period. They mobilized the sexually active, and in and out of school youth in their communities to learn the importance of HIV and AIDS prevention to health and wealth creation. I, Ebenezer Koomson, led the design and the implementation of this program as the regional HIV/AIDS Coordinator in this region. Three hundred and two (302) community meetings were organized during the period under review. Ten (10) community durbars and cultural displays on responsive reproductive health practices to combat HIV infections, associated myths, stigma and misconceptions were organized. One hundred and fifty nine (159) parents joined the clubs to give social support and motivation to strengthen the youth to accept the concept of involving the youth in decision making for their healthy sexual lifestyles. Forty-seven (47) patients and their partners were treated for sexually transmitted diseases. Utilization of potential social structures for health communication and promotion is necessary to support the efforts of health organizations. The benefits could be visible during evaluation and subsequent re-adjustment done or otherwise, especially in limited resourced settings in sub-Saharan Africa.


Nowadays, Graphic printing becomes more and more important to the blinds. Being compared with the embossed printer, New Braille Printer (NBP) utilizes UV-curing adhesive to generate durable Braille dots with lower cost and better quality. Until now, unfortunately, NBP can't print graphic. Thus, in this paper, a graphic printing method for NBP has been introduced which utilizes zooming-edge-detection to gain contours of printing image and then transforms contour image into a matrix which composed by 0/1 elements and the elements' position corresponded to real printing Braille position of NBP. Then, it utilizes raster scan method to read the matrix to get the control information for controlling NBP to print graphic with dot style. The experiments show that the method can help the NBP recognize the printing image in different kinds of formats, auto-transform the printing image into a matrix mapping to the size of A4 paper and achieve graphic printing with different sizes of image onto A4 paper clearly and completely. Meanwhile, the output of the graphic printing can be identified by the blinds.


Introduction .196 Acknowledgements .196 Methods .197 Construction of the nest boxes.197 Field operations .198 Number of wood-mice taken .200 Proportion of the population taken in nest boxes .201 Social life of the wood-mouse .201 Nest sites .201 Seasonal variation in the use of nest boxes .203 Construction of nests .203 Sanitation .204 Co-residents .205 Food and food storage .206 Periods of residence .206 Local movements .207 Dispersal .209 Sex ratio .209 Relationship between adults and young .210 Association of males with females.___214 Inbreeding .216 Records of other species .217 Discussion .219 Summary .222 References .223


A child developed pleuro-abdominal fistula after 2 years and 8 months on long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD). A comprehensive care package was offered to the child, including recognizing and monitoring the manifestation of pleuro-abdominal fistula, management during the temporary hemodialysis, monitoring the child's condition after the reinitiation of peritoneal dialysis, preventing the high intraperitoneal pressure, psychological supporting for the parents, training of PD related knowledge and practice, and offering nutrition guidance. After 8-week temporary hemodialysis, PD was reinitiated and the transition was smooth. The child was discharged free of any symptom after 14 days of reinitiation.

Key words:
Peritoneal dialysis; Pleuro-abdominal fistula; Nursing care; Pediatrics


Planning the communication for business program for a new institution calls for a reflection on many different areas of interest. The College of Business of today, especially that at the University of Texas at San Antonio has many different facets. We are attempting to stabilize our philosophy at a point somewhere between the extremes of a vocational-technical school which we business schools were reported to be 10, 12, even 14 years ago, and at the other end of the spectrum, as a highly esoteric, theoretical business school which produces great scholars who are prepared for decision-making processes at an extremely high level. The University of Texas at San Antonio has determined that it should strive to take an eclectic approach between these two extremes and be a very pragmatictype institution, even at the masters degree level. Therefore, the views I will give you today are strictly those of a dean that has talked with prospective faculty about the possibilities of a communication program.


Literature data concerning organic compounds of industrial importance have been analyzed in order to estimate the performance of CO2 laser based detection of atmospheric trace gases with special respect to remote sensing.


This paper studies two modelling approaches to the multi-echelon inventory optimisation problem in a distribution network with stochastic demands and lead times. It compares the performance of a novel guaranteed-service model (GSM), using an installation (R, Q) inventory control policy, with a stochastic service model (SSM) considering ordering, holding and flexibility costs. From both cycle service level and fill rate perspectives, our numerical analysis of the 1-warehouse 2-retailer network shows that cost difference between both models is driven by the internal service level at the warehouse. The GSM outperforms the SSM for over 80% of the simulated instances and realises an average total cost improvement of approximately 10%. This analysis goes against earlier results that showed a relatively low-cost difference between the two approaches, and demonstrates that it is worthwhile to evaluate competing models for multi-echelon inventory optimisation in real-world supply chains with batch ordering and variable lead times.


Several DIII-D discharges with different resonant and non-resonant responses show that those with stronger kink-response, a flux surface corrugation which is driven by amplification of nonresonant components of the resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) spectrum, are closer to the peeling-ballooning stability limit and eventually cross into the unstable region, causing edge localized modes (ELMs) to reappear. Simulations of the magnetic topology for all cases are compared. The topology consists of a kinetic equilibrium reconstruction, the RMP fields and a linear plasma response, calculated by resistive, 2-fluid MHD. It is found that the kink response is correlated to the edge current density as can be seen in Figs.1(a,b). Cases with small (blue lines), medium (green lines) and large (red lines) edge current density show small, medium and large kink displacements respectively. The findings will be cross-checked against modelled 3-D ideal MHD equilibria, using VMEC.


A fault-tolerant algorithms based on Givens rotations and modified weighted checksum methods are proposed for matrix QR-decomposition. The purpose is to detect and correct the calculation errors occurred due to transient hardware faults during computation. The proposed algorithms enables to correct a single error among elements of each column or row of an input matrix A(M,N) (M=N for QR-algorithm) occurred at any among N steps of the algorithm implementation. Consequently, it is possible to correct up to N single errors during solving the whole decomposition task. This effect is obtained by increasing the computational complexity of the original Givens method nearly on on 2,5N + O(N) multiply-add operations. Finally, the parallel version of proposed algorithm destined to realization on a fixed-size linear processor array architecture with fully local communications and low I/O requirements is designed.


Adrenal Steroid Therapy in Ophthalmology In ophthalmology, Mr. J. H. DOGGART commented on early over-optimism in the topical use of steroids, and dwelt on some of the unexpected and varied dangers that had been revealed. The risk of reducing a beneficial localizing inflammatory reaction was real. Tissue destruction in the eye was of serious import: spontaneous rupture of the cornea had occurred due to the use of cortisone in rosacea keratitis. The development of cataract due to the long-term use of steroids had been recently reported, but this was probably seen only in the long-term systemic use of high doses. He thought it best not to use steroids in any of the acute inflammatory eye conditions, as, although a few responded excellently, precise clinical diagnosis was usually impossible. They should not be used in virus or mucopurulent conjunctivitis. There was thus no wide field of usefulness in the common eye conditions seen in general practice. Dr. B. E. SCHLESINGER (London) asked if they were of use in iridocyclitis. Dr. DOGGART had found them disappointing, though the appearance of posterior synechiae was diminished in some cases. Dr. P. H. NANKIVELL (W. Sussex) spoke of the difficulties in treating episcleritis. Dr. L. A. HTSCOCK (W. Sussex) inquired if a combination of steroids and antibiotics was useful in eye diseases. Mr. DOGGART thought that the general principle of not mixing remedies was usually wise, owing largely to the possible dangers of steroid therapy.


A method that combining artificial marsh and the functional filter material to control waste water of culture pond was introduced in this paper.The survey indicated that the quality index of the culture water was better than that of national standard.The NH+4-N content of the culture water declined from 3.0 mg/L to 0.2 mg/L;the NO-2-N content of the culture water declined from 4.0 mg/L to 0.2 mg/L.Therefore,It is a satisfying culture system with low investment and low energy cost in water quality treatment.


Objective To Validate the prognostic significance of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) risk tables in Chinese patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods According to the scoring standard of the EORTC system, 225 NMIBC patients were reviewed and divided into 3 groups: low, intermediate and high risk groups for recurrence and progression respectively. The probabilities of recurrence and progression at 1 year and 5 year for each group were calculated using life-table analysis and then compared with the EORTC risk tables. Log-Rank test and multivariable analysis were used to analyze the possible differences between risk groups and to find independent prognostic factors. Results For low (n= 32, 25), intermediate (n=109, 128) and high (n=84, 72) risk groups, the probabilities of recurrence and progression at 1 year were 15. 1%, 31.2%, 55.5% and 0. 3%, 2. 0%, 15.5% respectively. The probabilities at 5 year were 28. 2%, 55.2%, 75.0% and 1.4%, 12.9%, 54. 7%. All the results were similar to that of EORTC tables except the probability of progression at 5 year for the high progression risk group.The differences between different risk groups were significant (P<0.01). In a multivariable analysis for recurrence and progression, the EORTC scores had independent significance (P<0.01). Conclusions EORTC risk tables could stratify NMIBC patients effectively according to the risk of recurrence and progression. It could be a useful tool for Chinese urologists.

Key words:
Urinary bladder neoplasms;  Carcinoma;  Non muscle-invasive bladder cancer; European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer risk tables;  Prognosis


This paper reviews the burgeoning sociological literature on non-suicidal self-injury, in which individuals intentionally harm themselves by cutting, burning, scratching, or smashing their body parts. We identify challenges to studying self-injury, such as conflicting definitions and categorizations. Comparing self-injury to other behaviors such as suicide, body modification, and self-mutilation, we assert that non-suicidal self-injury deserves its own conceptual category. We explain how a critical sociological approach provides a valuable counterweight to medical and psychological studies of self-injury. In particular, this paper advances the deviance perspective. Finally, we highlight how technology has allowed self-injurers to build supportive communities in cyberspace, blurring the line between hidden and public acts. We conclude with suggestions for future directions in the study of self-injury.


Today, there are about 600 oxygen-blowing converters in operation worldwide which produce approximately 450 milliont/a of steel.This accounts for roughly 60% of the total steel produced worldwide. The modern, high-performance LD(BOF) converter is the product of continuous improvements over the past 50 years, ever since VOEST-ALPINE commissioned the first converter in 1952 in Linz, Austria.The engineering of such equipment which is exposed to extreme condition of high temperatures, mechanical impact and thermal stress is a formidable challenge. Dramatic improvements have been made with respect to the lifetime of the vessel, increasing charging weights and decreasing maintenance requirements. The suspension system is of high importance in achieving a long lifetime. To produce high quality steel grades and to improve the economics of operation components such as the sublance, slag stoppers, bottom stirring and sophisticated automation systems have been developed.


PART I: Introduction Background report Executive Summary PART II: Background to the Somali war Introduction to Somalia The Somali civil war Understanding the conflict PART III: Mogadishu: Peace enforcement The Internationalization of the Somali conflict The politics of UNOSOM District councils Humanitarian issues - NGOs and UNOSOM PART IV: Kismayo: Peace-making Background to the Kismayo wars The Kismayo peace conference A fragile peace Conclusions and Recommendations PART V: Somaliland: Peace building Secession and Cessation The Boroma conference Post-Boroma Demobilization The Sanaag Grand Peace Conference Conclusions and Recommendations POSTSCRIPT NOTES REFERENCES APPENDICES INDEX.


In this paper, a nanoporous TiO2 electrode modified with an insulating materialBaCO3is synthesized for quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The formation of BaCO3 is confirmed from the X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum, while the components of the modified TiO2 film are studied by electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA). We find that BaCO3 modification remarkably increases dye adsorption, resulting from the fact that the surface of BaCO3 is more basic than that of TiO2. When applied to quasi-solid-state DSSCs, BaCO3-modified TiO2 electrodes have an increased open-circuit photovoltage (Voc) and improved overall conversion efficiency (η). The η value improves from 5.53 to 6.96% by 25.9% under 30 mW/cm2. The mechanism of BaCO3 modification is analyzed using the transient photovoltage spectra, open-circuit photovoltage spectra, and dark current measurement. The results indicate that in the presence of BaCO3, the TiO2 conduction band shifts to the ne...


This article will be devoted to the relations between loyalty and the rule of law under an employment relationship, previously defined terms, whether the loyal side of this legal relationship is always a party following the binding legal order, and if not then can one speak of the loyalty of one of the parties to the employment relationship to the other party of the employment relationship. The study will, therefore, be devoted to employee loyalty, but not only, it will also mention the loyalty of the employer to the employee and the effects of their mutual relations.


Between 1990 and 2000 the population of Nevada increased by over 66 percent. Much of this growth was fueled by an influx of minorities and further concentrated the state's population in southern Nevada. These forces altered the state's political landscape and raised the stakes for the decennial redistricting of Nevada's assembly and senate seats. Employing a multi-methodological approach, this effort demonstrates how the 2001 Nevada redistricting maintained the pre-existing partisan divisions in the state legislature despite a number of factors that threatened to alter the status quo. At the same time, the analysis reveals that the desire of key redistricters to maintain the partisan status quo compromised the typical byproduct that results from bipartisan gerrymanders, incumbent protection.


Waste rubber processing has become a global environment and resources problems. Crushed waste rubber into rubber powder,and added into concrete,the formed of rubber concrete used as a building material,can not only achieve the utilization of waste,but also has significance for environmental protection. The cyclic behavior of rubber concrete-filled steel tubular columns was studied in this paper. The cyclic load versus lateral displacement hysteretic curve was calculated by using finite element analysis( FEA) model to investigate the behavior of the columns. Based on the theoretical model,the influences of different column cross-section type and rubber replacing ratio on the lateral load versus lateral displacement skeleton curves,capacity reduction curves and rigidity degradation curves of rubber concrete-filled steel tubular columns were discussed. Analysis shows that the predicted cyclic responses for the composite columns are in good agreement with the test results. The rubber concrete-filled steel tubular columns have good dynamic behaviors. The results indicate to be used for elastico-plastic analysis of the structural system.


Among the difficulties in evaluating AI-type medical diagnosis systems are: the intermediate conclusions of the AI system need to be looked at in addition to the "final" answer; the "superhuman human" fallacy must be resisted; both pro- and anti-computer biases during evaluation must be guarded against; and methods for estimating how the approach will scale upwards to larger domains are needed We propose a type of Turing test for the evaluation problem, designed to provide some protection against the problems listed above We propose to measure both the accuracy of diagnosis and the structure of reasoning, the latter with a view to gauging how well the system will scale up


Through analysis and compare of four multi operating system deployment scheme, and find out their advantage and disadvantage. Summary suitable equipment and laboratory environment of each scheme, and provide some reference of the de.ployment of multiple operating systems for university computer lab.


the 69th annual meeting of the Association of Pacific Coast Geographers was held on the campus of the University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, from September 6 to 9, 2006. Paper sessions were held in the newly built Lillis Business Complex, and other events took place in Condon Hall, home of the Department of Geography; the Schnitzer Museum of Art; Gerlinger Hall; and the Erb Memorial Union. The weather was beautiful and everyone seemed to enjoy the lovely open spaces and attractive buildings on the university campus. Three hundred sixteen people registered for the meeting, making it one of the largest annual meetings in apcg history. Attendees came from each of the states in the apcg region and included substantial contingents from the University of Oregon; Portland State University; the University of Washington; the University of Nevada, Reno; San Diego State University; the University of Arizona; Arizona State University; and several of the institutions in the California State system. Geographers from outside the region attended as well, coming from as far away as Italy and Slovenia. Both aag Executive Director Douglas Richardson and aag President Kavita Pandit (University of Georgia) were also in attendance. The meeting opened on a near-perfect late-summer evening with a barbecue on the lawn behind the student center at the University of Oregon. Attendees then went inside to be welcomed by University of Oregon administrators and apcg President Jenny Zorn (California State University, San Bernardino). Lane County Commissioner Pete Sorenson and Lane County Planning Director Kent Howe, two former graduates of the geography master's program at the University of Oregon who have entered public life, discussed the planning and land-use challenges facing Lane County.


Abstract. The species of Stichopogon occurring in the United States and Canada are reviewed. A key to species, diagnoses, illustrations, and distribution maps are presented. Stichopogon californica, new species, is described from Monterey County, California. Lectotypes are designated for Stichopogon abdominalis Back, Stichopogon argenteus (Say) and Stichopogon catulus Osten Sacken. Stichopogon pritchardi Bromley, 1951 is synonymized with Stichopogon colei Bromley, 1934 (new synonymy).


A new bidirectional DC-DC converter based on switched-capacitor-inductor cell was proposed. It features: high step-up/down conversion ratio with a moderate duty cycle; low voltage stress on the switches; non-pulsating input current (step-up mode); easiness of control and driving circuit. The proposed converter contains five switches and four reactive elements (two capacitors and two inductors). It can achieve quadratic-like conversion ratio. Steady-state for both step-up mode and step-down mode were analyzed in this paper and the proposed converter was simulated by PSIM. Results of step-up mode from 66V to 400V, or step-down mode from 400V to 66V, matched the theoretical analysis. Further examinations and experiments can be done to optimize the performance of the circuit. The proposed converter can be widely used as front-end to renewable energy system, e.g. between battery and DC bus, where bidirectional power flow is required.


The effect of dolomite and serpentine on sinter quality and microstructure was studied.Results show that the drum index is decreased and the content of MgO is increased by adding dolomite in sinter,while by adding serpentine,the drum index and the content of MgO are increased.The reason is that in sinter added with dolomite,the main mineral components are calcium ferrite and skeletal hematite surrounded by a large quantity of glass-phase silicate and weak cracks.In addition,the sinter is porous with large thin wall holes.And in second case,the main mineral components of sinter are magnetite and calcium ferrite.With increased content and grain size of lime-ferrite olivine,the holes are of thick wall and medium size,so the drum index is increased.


Combining with the example of some large-scale bridge project,the paper establishes many finite elementary models,researches the pile group effect which influence the pile group foundation of the super-long bored pile,analyzes the pile distance and the pile numbers,and the result proves that the coefficient of the pile group effect is increasingly close to 1,when the pile distance is added gradually,the coefficient of the pile group effect is increasingly close to 1,when the pile numbers is reduced gradually.


Disclosed herein is lithium garnet composite ceramics, Its Preparation Method And Uses.Composite ceramics include:Lithium garnet major phase and the second phase for inhibiting main phase grain growth.Preparation method includes:Mixed raw material is to form the first mixture;Grind the first mixture;The first ground mixture of calcining is to form lithium pomegranate graphite/oxide;It mixes the lithium pomegranate graphite/oxide and inhibits the second phase additive of main phase grain growth to form the second mixture;Grind the second mixture;Dry second mixture, sieving are pressed into biscuit;Sinter the composite ceramics into.Crystallite dimension is smaller in the composite ceramics and is evenly distributed, high mechanical strength, and conductivity is maintained.