Continuous Integration Techniques (CIT) encourage interdisciplinary study by focusing on strategies to synergistically combine information from two or more subject areas. These techniques may be more meaningful for students than schooling's normal unidimensional learning techniques because real life occurs yithin multiple contexts. Such techniques seem to be suitable for nearly all grade levels and subjects. Some activities that facilitate interdisciplinary study are: (1) writing across the curriculum; (2) incidental grammar instruction; (3) constant spelling evaluation; (4) storytelling and interpretation; (5) facilitation of the inquiry process; (6) discussion of math concepts whenever tl-ey arise; (7) study of music as a way to enhance emotional, aesthetic, and kinesthetic awareness; and (8) use of instructional media. To be effective, CIT must meaningfully add to students' knowledge or reinforce lessons already learned. (Includes 43 references and 3 charts.) (JW) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. 0mC. 00.400441.4mareh ar41114CrOvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) *hos document nes been reproduced es mewed front Pm person or orgenaemon anpinanno 0 Mow changes neve been nude to Snot.. reproductoon matey Pointe*/ ewe or oorNonm stereo gn Puede., 4104 Po nol MOCIMartly 140r4050t 4N441 OE RI papaw. Or MAIO. Techniques for promoting interdisciplinary education in the classroom Introduction "PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC)." BARRY SPONDER This article describes Continuous Integration Techniques (CIT), strategies for combining information from two (or more) subject areas to enhance the understanding of each. Although the methods are not new, their classification as CIT denotes their usefulness as part of an on-going, systematic instructional strategy for fostering interdisciplinary lessons in almost any educational environment. By linking different subject areas teachers can compensate for some of the shortcomings of the familiar, but compartmentalized, academic disciplines. The Problem With the aggregate of human knowledge doubling approximately every five years it is not difficult to see why schools are under constant pressure to add more information to an already robust curriculum. Indeed, well-developed and sophisticated curriculum is 1 guides reflect the difficult job that teachers have in consistently presenting meaningful and comprehensive lessons to their students. Additionally, the educational process is affected by factors such as overcrowded classrooms, an unequal distribution of resources V75 among schools, teacher stress and the students' home environment. Many educators believe that a major impediment to more effective school programs is the deliberate, rigid and artificial separation of the curriculum into discrete and unconnected academic subject areas (Smith & Westhoff, 1992; Berliner, 1992; Smith, 1986; Devine, 1982; Carlgren, 1977; Gordon & Poze, 1972). These subject-matter divisions tend to foster a two-dimensional 12 Teaching and Learning textbook approach to learning that neatly categorizes information into right and wrong answers and focuses on a single subject at a time, such as math, science, social studies or English, as though each one existed independently of the others. In the short term, this twodimensional approach relies heavily upon workbooks and rote learning, leading to a normal distribution of test scores and yearly grade level advancement for most students. In the long run, however, the results are often unsatisfactory for both students and society (Carnegie Forum on Education and the Economy, 1986). Why Integration? 'While 'schools offer regularly scheduled periods of easily identifiable, standardized subject area lessons, activities outside school take place within multi-layered, episodic, culturally-bound, integrated contexts. For example, a simple transaction such as paying the electric bill combines science (to understand electric power), English (to read and understand the bill), history (to understand why the, rates have gone up or down), culture (to know the many ways that the bill can be paid), and mathematics (to understand how the bill was calculated). The transaction can be affected by time (Has my paycheck been deposited yet?), or context (We were gone all month so why is the bill so high?). Although teaching individual subjects has its uses, one hallmark of an educated person is the ability to synthesize learning experiences, making his or her education more than just the sum of separate academic parts. It follows that instruction is most effective when it helps students to develop and appreciate the overlap among areas such as math, English, science, physical education, social studies, art, music and moral education. By encouraging students to integrate apparently unconnected concepts teachers are helping them to develop a solid foundation for operating in a three-dimensional, interconnected and complex world. Integrating the Curriculum There are many examples of successful interdisciplinary lessons, including the following: Storytelling, music and art (Bonnert,


This Obituary is dedicated to the memory of the prominent Russian ethnographer, an expert on the Caucasus, Doctor of Historical Sciences Yury Yuryevich Karpov (1956-2015). Yu.Yu. Karpov graduated from the Department of Ethnography and Anthropology, History Faculty of Leningrad State University. In 1984 he defended his thesis on "'Free' societies of the North Caucasus in 18 first half of 19th century (to the question of the role of patriarchal-patrimonial and communal institutes in the course of early class relations formation)". In 1999 he defended his doctoral thesis on "Male unions in the sociocultural tradition of the Caucasian highlanders of 19-20 centuries". Yu.Yu. Karpov is the author of over 200 papers, including four monographs (one of them co-authored). At the center of his scholarly interests were traditional social institutions and their transformation under modern conditions. Since 1984 and until the end of his days Yu.Yu. Karpov worked at the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (the Kunstkamera). He was one of the leaders in sociocultural studies in the Caucasian Ethnography.


Helicteres isora is an important medicinal shrub belonging to family Sterculiceae. It is commonly known as "Marorphali". All parts of the plant are extensively used in indigenous system of medicine. It has cytotoxic, antinociceptive, antifungal, antioxidant, antispasmodic and antibacterial activity and is, used to treat diseases like dyspepsia, colic, scabies, gastropathy, diabetes, diarrhoea and dysentery. It contains high amount of medicinally important secondary metabolites like βsitosterol, betulinic acid, β-tocopherol, coumarins, ellagic acid etc. In Helicteres isora apospory, seed dormancy and low viability of seeds were observed. Therefore, the present work on Helicteres isora was undertaken to develop a highly efficient, reliable and reproducible protocol for their micropropagation. Effect of various basal media viz. MS-medium, B5-medium and MSB5medium on multiple shoot proliferation were studied and it was concluded that MS-medium was best for maximum shoot proliferation. Maximum shoot bud proliferation (14.2±0.545) was observed on MS-medium fortified with BAP (1.5 mg/l) and Kn (1.5 mg/l). Therefore this medium was designated as "shoot bud induction, proliferation and elongation medium".


A high-energy (0.5-5.0 TeV centre of mass) electronpositron Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) is being studied at CERN as a new physics facility [1]. The design study has been optimized for 3 TeV centre-of-mass energy. Intense bunches injected into the main linac must have unprecedentedly small emittances to achieve the design luminosity 10 35 cm -2 s -1 required for the physics experiments. The positron and electron bunch trains will be provided by the CLIC injection complex. similar to the final positron damping ring will be sufficient. In the report, the main positron DR op tics producing such low-emittance beam is described.


I am very pleased to attend the International Conference on "Public Policy for Credit Reporting System: Strengthening Dialogue and Cooperation between the Government and the Private Sector". Credit reporting system is essential to the modern financial system and plays a significant role in financial and economic development. In the recent 20 years, credit reporting system has received increased attention from the government and the private sector of all countries. This conference jointly sponsored by the World Bank and the People's Bank of China (PBC) conforms to the needs of development of the credit reporting system in the world. The conference will not only enable participating countries to share the experience and lessons in their respective development but also strengthen dialogue and cooperation between the government and the private sector. I'd like to take this opportunity to talk briefly about evolution of credit culture in China.


This survey of dependent failures (common-cause failures) is based on the data of diesel generator failures in U. S. nuclear power plants as reported in Licensee Event Reports. Failures were classified into random and potentially dependent failures. All failures due to design errors, manufacturing or installation errors, maintenance errors, or deviations in the operational environment were classified as potentially dependent failures.The statistical dependence between failures was estimated from the relative portion of multiple failures. Results confirm the earlier view of the significance of statistical dependence, a strong dependence on the age of the diesel generator was found in each failure class excluding random failures and maintenance errors, which had a nearly constant frequency independent of diesel generator age.


John Duns Scotus often aired his ideas on exactly what it took to make knowledge scientific. Aristotelian paradigm profoundly shaped his assumptions and his approach, it also tempted him to be critical and to want to imagine how the same paradigm might have to be circumvented in the ongoing effort to get to know. This chapter argues that this critical rethinking of 'science', apparent in Duns's works from nearly first to last, took a special turn while he was at Paris. The bones he picked with Aristotelian science were more or less the same in his Parisian lectures as they had been when he taught at Oxford. At Oxford he seemed intent on drawing out potential limitations of literal adherence to an Aristotelian canon for scientific thought. In Paris, his energies seem to have gone to show how greatly even an alternative paradigm might retain the spirit of Aristotle's original. Keywords: Aristotelian science; John Duns Scotus; Oxford; Paris; scientific knowledge


In this study, a method based on Genetic Programming (GP) to solve differential equations was carried out. We first described the fundamentals of the GP method from its conceptual insights until its implementation in Python. Then we used the method to solve three problems in ODEs to illustrate some advantages and disadvantages from a computational and a mathematical point of view. The problems solved included an initial value problem, a nonlinear boundary value problem and a numerically unstable problem. Results show some advantages concerning the use of the method for non-linear and ill-conditioned problems and allow us to propose several questions for future research.


Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 51(11) than in major depression patients. For a small proportion of participants, autoimmune reactions towards neuronal structures were present (antibrain antibodies) (Maina et al., 2009). Therefore, ASO titration may be useful in the context of autoimmune pathologies, including OCD. Overall, simple laboratory analyses (leucocytic formula, C-reactive protein, Rheuma test, ASO) suggestive of the presence of an inflammatory process, together with a complete thyroid function test (including thyroid-stimulating hormone, triiodothyronine, thyroxine, thyroglobulin, anti-thyroglobulin, anti-thyroid peroxidase, thyroid microsomal antibodies), should be carried out in OCD patients, in search for possible associations with autoimmune diseases. In case some of these are positive, a set of specific auto-antibodies (antibrain, antibasal ganglia) could be then examined. Also the measurement of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumour necrosis factor-a, natural killer cells) levels, may be relevant for detecting neuroinflammatory processes. This may be important not only for a correct clinical diagnosis but also for a better pharmacological treatment. This should include a specific therapy for OC symptomatology and address the possible autoimmune diathesis, correcting thyroid dysfunction or inflammatory processes.


Encephalitis is a complex neurological syndrome caused by inflammation of the brain that occurs with highest incidence in children. It is challenging to diagnose and manage due to the variety of aetiologies and non‐specific clinical presentations. We discuss the recent progress in clinical case definitions; review recent, large, prospective epidemiological studies; and describe aetiologies. We emphasise infectious causes relevant to children in Australasia but also consider emerging immune‐mediated syndromes responsive to immune therapies. We identify priorities for future research in children, given the potential for climate change and international travel to influence the emergence of infectious agents in our region.


The Klein-Gordon equation for a particle moving in a one dimensional time-dependent linear potential is studied and the corresponding analytical wave function is established.In addition,the solution of external field vanishing and the non-relativistic limit of Klein-Gordon equation are discussed respectively.


In this paper, a method to generate gradation of typical coloring techniques in order to promote a content production environment in consideration of KANSEI (sensitivity) engineering is discussed. We considered a color cube with coordinates in three axes, representing RGB 3-dimensional space. There are various gradations in a color cube. We have developed an interactive tool to generate a gradation by displaying the inner area of the color cube. We then proposed a new method to generate gradation using this tool. Regarding parameters of display area, we considered inputting pattern data from color scatter charts obtained from paintings or photos. The possibility of a tool which can generate gradation from images corresponding to the KANSEI words is discussed.


A theorem of Bade proves that for a complete Boolean sublattice S£ of 3>(3if) the following holds: SS {PeS£"; P is orthogonal projection operator} We prove that this theorem does not hold for the physically interesting class of non-Boolean propositional systems embedded in a 3>(3if); we derive however a necessary and sufficient condition under which the theorem does hold. This condition is automatically satisfied if the propositional system is Boolean.


Quality of the wind vector over sea derived from the Scatterometer data depends on the on board sensor performance, platform stability, ground processor and the used GMF. This primarily requires regular assessment and monitoring of system behaviour in terms of sensor parameters. Orbit and attitude data is also observed to check the stability of the platform. This paper discusses the performance evaluation of SCATSAT-1 sensor, based on the quality metrics generated from the Level-0 data. This quality metric consists of calibration power, PRF, echo window start time, scan rate of antenna and target dependent variable parameters such as noise and echo data. Further, using the same quality metrics, alerts are generated in near real time in case if any deviation is observed with respect to the specifications. Time series of each parameter is observed to monitor the temporal behaviour and trend. Results from data analysis shows consistency in the parameters and found to be within specified limits. Loopback calibration power for HH and VV beam is observed as 50.3 and 50.6 dB respectively which matched with lab measurement done during pre-launch phase. Alternate calibration power also shows consistent behaviour throughout and observed as 51.3dB. Temperature of system at various junction is quite stable within the range of 10o to 16oC showing a temporal pattern. Results from trend analysis confirms the stable behaviour and consistency of the system.


COVID-19 lockdowns have triggered changes in nutritional and lifestyle patterns in populations around the world. We intended to assess the impacts of lockdowns on eating patterns, physical activity, body weight and food security in populations around the world, across periods before, during and after lockdowns. We conducted a systematic literature review following the PRISMA-P method-ology. Three literature databases, Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus, were searched. The search was completed between 14 May 2021 to 5 July 2021 and updated on 9 February 2022. Twenty-two studies (18/22 cross-sectional) were included. Dietary patterns were reported in 21/22 studies. Increases and decreases of the intakes of the main food groups were found when comparing before to during lockdown phase. However, butter/oil and sweets consumption increased consistently during these periods. (1) Supplement intake was reported in 5/22 studies. Decreased supplement intake was found during the lockdown compared to before lockdowns and post lockdown to during lockdowns, while still taking multivitamins in higher amounts. (1) The intakes of macronutrients and micronutrients were reported in 3/22 studies. Increased intakes for all macronutrients and micronutrients except vitamin C and iodine during lockdowns when compared to before lockdowns were found with increased protein intakes during lockdowns when compared to before lockdowns. (2) Post lockdown data was absent. Food security was reported in 8/22 studies. Reduced purchase of fruits and vegetables was reported during lockdown. Food security status was found to correlate with dietary habits post-lockdown. Total food purchases increased during lockdowns accompanied with decreases in household food waste and impulse buying as compared to before lockdown phase. (3) Physical activity was reported in 13/22 studies. Decreased physical activity during lockdowns compared to before it was found, followed by an increased physical activity post lockdown compared to during lockdowns. (1) BMI and/or body weights were reported in 15/22 studies. An average of 32.4% of participants reported weight gain in 10/15 studies. This weight gain continued post lockdown in 38% of participants. 2/15 studies reported no change in body weight during lockdowns compared to before lockdown. BMI was reported as descriptive cross-sectional data only in 7/15 of the studies. 1/15 study reported increases in BMI during lockdowns as compared to before it, but it remained within the normal range. 3/15 studies reported increases in over-weight and obese percentages during lockdowns as compared to before it. (4) Future studies can examine longer-term effects of COVID-19 lockdowns on nutritional status and lifestyle behaviours. Findings may be used to develop and implement interventions in both public and private sectors. Interventions can comprise medical nutritional therapies, governmental policies and strategic plans and food industry business plans.


We propose a system that overlays textures onto the arbitrary deformable surface of an object in real time using HMD. In this system, we select a book as the object and documents as the textures. Such overlaying of textures is achieved by rendering warped textures onto a surface which is projected onto an HMD image using some geometric transformations. We assume that the surface of an object consists of curved sub-surfaces which can be generated by a 2D geometric transformation, so that we can warp textures using the matrix of 2D geometric transformation. In order to deform textures fitly, we select the fittest transformation of 2D geometric transformations which we choose in this system. Since the system computes the transformation matrix in each frame, the texture can be adjusted to the surface in real time even though an observer with HMD moves, turns a page, or deforms a page. Therefore, using this system, the observer can read digitized documents as if he reads real books.


The goals of developing systems better, faster, and cheaper continue to drive software engineering practitioners and researchers to investigate software engineering methodologies that are novel, yet practical. As the size and complexity of systems continues to grow, there has been a growing interest in the investigation of social paradigms (e.g., agent‐ and goal‐oriented approaches) and the use of COTS components. These are being viewed more and more as promising, and also perhaps inevitable, solutions to this problem. The effective application of social paradigms and use of COTS components, however, requires a systematic approach that provides a set of concepts for modeling the subject matter, a set of guidelines for using such concepts, and tool support to assist the developer.


The article is focused on Czech Muslim community and its efforts to educate, to raise public awareness and to create a dialog with Czech majority population using the internet, social networks and other modern cybernetic ways and tools. Special attention is put on Shia community in South Moravia region of Czech Republic and its recently opened Muslim Cultural Center Ahlulbayt followed by Facebook campaign and electronic media coverage. In the background of current so called migration crisis in Europe there is a huge impact of cyberspace on public opinion formed by anti-Islamic movements on one side and pro-refugees activists on the other. In Czech Republic, a state almost untouched by migration wave and with small Muslim community, the issue of Islam in Europe and its coexistence with Christian / atheist domestic population has become an important political topic. Islamic organizations face much pressure and responsibility for introducing their religious and political orientation. Cyberspace, the internet and social networks are highly effective option to distribute information and statements or to communicate with outside world with low costs and high impact. Analyzing these channels and their effectivity within Czech environment is one of the main aim of the article.


Driven by an explosive increase in the number of users and data usage, energy consumption becomes a significant concern for information and communication technology industry. In softwarization based networks, energy-efficient Network Function (NF) resource allocation is imperative yet challenging for service provisioning. In this paper, we investigate dynamic NF resource allocation (NFRA) problem for service function chains (SFCs) with aim to minimize the long-term energy consumption, while guaranteeing the end-to-end delay requirements for the packets traversing the SFCs. We formulate the problem as an infinite horizon Markov Decision Process (MDP) problem and obtain the global optimal solution based on the value iteration algorithm which has high computational complexity. The global optimal solution serves as a performance upper bound due to its high computational complexity. To cater for efficient on-line NFRA decisions, we further design a suboptimal distributed value iteration based dynamic NF resource allocation (DDRA) algorithm. The numerical results based on real-world data traces demonstrate the proposed DDRA algorithm achieves a close-to-optimal performance and a significant performance improvement compared with two known NF resource allocation algorithms.


The chemical constituents of Cleidion brevipetiolatum were studied and eight compounds were isolated.The structures of these compounds were elucidated as maslinic acid (1),α-amyrin (2),vitamin E_α (3),vitamin K_1 (4),methyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (5),4-hydroxy-benzoaldehyde (6),β-sitosterol (7) and β-daucosterol (8),respectively,based on the spectral data and comparison with the literatures reported.


The fact that the implied volatility smiles for equity indices are strongly downward sloping, while the typical individual stock exhibits either a flat or even an upward sloping smile is sometimes considered puzzling. We show that this effect can easily be generated in a simple and parsimonious two-factor stochastic volatility model in the spirit of Bates (2000). From a theoretical perspective our paper adds to the literature by proving a 'diversification' result with respect to idiosyncratic stochastic volatility components of individual stocks, so that in the limit for infinitely many stocks, the prices of index options are solely based on the common volatility component. This result holds without restrictive assumptions on the structure of the correlations between stock returns and volatility changes. We employ Monte Carlo simulation to show that our model can reproduce the empirical observations quite well for an index of 30 stocks similar to the Dow Jones Industrial Average.


Ready-to-wear clothing is the most common type of clothing that is categorized with a massive, fast production process and the affordable prices tendencies in order to fulfill the human clothing needs. Due to the massive and fast production process, the fashion industry has an adverse effect for the environment because of its inefficiency to generate the fabric waste which is more than 15%. There are two types of fabric waste, production waste that carried out by the  industry and post-production waste generated by consumers. One of the efforts in optimizing fabrics is using the zero waste fashion design method by utilizing technology. Engineered print is one surface techniques by adjusting the motifs on clothing patterns using computer software to produce clothing that gives the illusion of a shape that is not interrupted by stitches.The engineered print technique with the concept of zero waste fashion design has the potential to be more effective in reducing fabric residue in the production process by at least 15 percent. Based on the previous statement, this research is conducted to producing women's ready to wear clothing with the concept of zero waste fashion design and to explain how the production process of clothing using engineered print techniques with zero waste fashion design. The methodology in this study uses qualitative methods in the form of literature studies, indirect observations, exploration of clothing patterns based on the concept of zero waste fashion design, and Rafflesia arnoldii stylization for engineered print motifs as a surface technique.
Keywords: zero waste fashion design, engineered print, ready-to-wear.


The incidence of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) has increased rapidly. Most epidemiologic data were gathered in single‐center studies over a short timeframe, possibly explaining the heterogeneous incidences.


Current fast-growing Internet traffic is demanding increased network capacity each day, as well as support for differentiated services. Wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) technology has provided an opportunity to drastically increase network capacity, while optical burst switching offers all-optical, high-speed, format-transparent switching, which is an essential characteristic for future networks that need to support different classes of data.
In this report, we analyze several critical issues affecting optical burst-switched networks, such as contention resolution, channel scheduling, burst assembly, signaling, and quality of service (QoS).
We introduce a new approach called Burst Segmentation, to reduce packet loss during contention resolution. We propose non-preemptive and preemptive scheduling algorithms that use burst segmentation to resolve contention, so as to achieve lower packet loss.
We also investigate the handling of prioritized data traffic. Our first approach for providing QoS support is by introducing prioritized burst segmentation in the network core network. The prioritized burst segmentation scheme allows high-priority bursts to preempt low-priority bursts and enables full class isolation between bursts of different priorities. In the second approach for providing QoS, we introduce a new technique for assembling packets into a burst referred to as composite burst assembly. In this technique, a composite burst is created by combining packets of different classes into the same burst. We describe a generalized burst assembly framework, and we propose several composite burst assembly methods. In the third approach for supporting QoS, We propose a differentiated threshold-based burst assembly scheme to provide QoS in optical burst-switched networks. Through simulations, we also show the presence of an optimal threshold value of minimizes packet loss for given network parameters.
We also develop a generalized signaling framework for optical burst-switched networks, and we propose technique called intermediate node initiated (INI) signaling, for optical burst-switched networks. INI can provide different levels of loss and delay characteristics based on the client applications requirements.
In general, all the proposed solutions solve many of the fundamental issues faced by optical burst-switched networks, thereby making OBS more practical and deployable in the near future.


Inspired by the co-occurrence matrix (CM) model for texture description, we introduce another important local metric, gradient direction, into polyp descriptor construction. Gradient direction and its two independent components, azimuth angle and polar angle, are used instead of the gray-level intensity to calculate the CMs of the Haralick model. Thus we obtain three new models: azimuth CM model (ACM), polar CM model (PCM) and gradient direction CM model (GDCM). These three new models share similar parameters with the traditional gray-level CM (GLCM) model which has 13 directions for volumetric data and 4 directions for image slices. To train and test the data, random forest method is employed. These three models are affected by angle quantization and, therefore, more than 10 experimental schemes are designed to get reasonable parameters for angle discretization. We compared our three models (ACM, PCM, GDCM) with the traditional GLCM model, a gradient magnitude CM (GMCM) model, and local anisotropic gradient orientations CM model (CoLIAge). Experimental results showed that our three models exceed the other three methods (GLCM, GMCM, CoLIAge) by their receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, AUC (area under the ROC curve) scores and accuracy values. Based on their AUC and accuracy, ACM should be the first choice for polyp classification.


It has been suggested that ''short'' pulses of intense laser radiation can modify atomic collision dynamics in new and interesting ways. Recent experimental results in sodium-argon vapor with 1.6-psec pulses verify the existence of such an effect, although smaller in magnitude and at somewhat higher field intensities than had been predicted from theoretical arguments. Using quantum-mechanical wave-packet propagation on a realistic potential-energy curve under the parameters of the experiment, we determine that the time between curve crossings, the standard against which pulse durations should be measured, is on the order of 0.8 psec or less. The experimental results can then be understood in the context of having used too long a pulse to have clearly observed short-pulse effects.


To evaluate mid‐ to long‐term results of revision total hip arthroplasty for massive femoral bone loss using a cementless modular, fluted, tapered stem.


Let $X$ be a compact K\"ahler manifold and $\a \in H^{1,1}(X,\R)$ a K\"ahler class. We study the metric completion of the space $\HH_\a$ of K\"ahler metrics in $\a$, when endowed with the Mabuchi $L^2$-metric $d$.
Using recent ideas of Darvas, we show that the metric completion $(\overline{\HH}_\a,d)$ of $(\HH_\a,d)$ is a CAT(0) space which can be identified with $\E^2(\a)$, a subset of the class $\E^1(\a)$ of positive closed currents with finite energy.
We further prove, in the toric setting, that $\overline{\HH}_{\a,tor}=\E_{tor}^2(\a)$.


Customer Profile Based in Roanoke, Virginia, Carilion Clinic serves a population of nearly 1 million residents in 23 western-Virginia counties through its 8 hospitals and over 100 ambulatory-care sites. The clinic has nearly 12,000 employees including 600 physicians covering more than 60 specialties. The not-for-profit healthcare organization is committed to improving outcomes for every patient while advancing the quality of care through medical education and research and strategic partnerships with Virginia Tech and other organizations.


In this study, we developed a carbon black (CB)-embedded carbon nanofiber (CNF) as a Pd support, which showed a high level of formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR) activity. For the support preparation, heat treatment involving calcination at 1000 °C in a nitrogen atmosphere (carbonization) followed by calcination at 850 °C in water vapor (steam activation) was conducted to form a CB, which contained carbon nanofibers made from a polyacrolynitrile (PAN) fiber prepared by electrospinning. This catalyst showed a high level of FAOR activity. In this situation, the CB was also heat-treated, therefore, it was unclear whether the origin of the high FAOR activity of the CB-embedded CNF was caused by the CNF itself or the heat treatment of the CB. In order to establish the cause of the high FAOR activity of the CB-embedded CNF, the CBs underwent several heat treatments; i.e., stabilization, carbonization, and steam activation. Two types of carbon black with different pore structures, i.e., Ketjen black and Vulcan XC-72, were used to investigate the FAOR activity. The appropriate heat treatment of the CB promotes the improved FAOR activity; however, excessive heat treatment caused a deterioration in the FAOR activity, especially for Ketjen due to the presence of numerous micropores. However, by embedding the CB into the CNF, the FAOR activity improved, especially in the case of Ketjen, even though the embedded CB underwent several heat treatments. The optimum ratio of CB/PAN in the CB-embedded CNF was also investigated. The highest FAOR activity was observed at 0.25 CB/PAN for both the Vulcan and Ketjen. The electronic state of Pd3d in which the binding energy of the metallic Pd shifted to a lower binding energy suggested that the metal–support interaction is strong at the CB/PAN ratio of 0.25. On the basis of these results, it was found that heat treatment of the CB by embedding it in the CNF is a promising way to achieve a metal–support interaction without destroying its structure.


Aristotle is the greatest scholar of ancient Greece, his Poetics is considered as a classic theoretical work in the history of westernliterature, which mainly refers to the theory of tragedy. The paper aims at analyzing Eugene O'Neill's Desire Under the Elms by applyingAristotle's Tragedy Theory in order to acquire a sharp and deep understanding of literature and art.


tish law reports in this era were in embryo, retrospective, and not contemporary. Two papers on late nineteenthand twentieth-century English law reports are somewhat of an addendum to the volume. Steve Hedley's "Words, Words, Words: Making Sense of Legal Judgments, 1875-1940" (169-86) examines why law reports increased in size with more narrow arguments and sources, and fewer references to custom, legal texts, and foreign sources. Raymond Cocks's "Planning Law and Precedent" (187-97) provides a brief history of planning law and its precedents which preserved the countryside through restrictions, controls, and regulations.


Empowerment was introduced into the research area of construction project management,which for resolving the problem of the motivating construction project manager.It is an effective means to arouse self-efficacy of project managers.Moreover project managers are highly responsive to empowerment.Combining with the common agency of construction project,the paper suggests empowerment of project managers is special.Based on the analysis of previous researches,Chinese perspective plays an important role in the research of empowerment.The research also has multiple complexity and integrity.


INTRODUCTION Cost of Poverty Experience (COPE) simulation is an innovative teaching methodology to demonstrate the obstacles and challenges of poverty that contribute to those risks. The aim of the study was to evaluate the change in attitudes regarding people living in poverty among interprofessional health science students. METHODS Medicine, nursing, pharmacy and rehabilitation therapy students in the 2018 Interprofessional Education class (N=100) were enrolled. Interprofessional student teams were assigned family roles, given limited resources and simulated poverty challenges such as unemployment, childcare concerns, limited access to healthy food, and incarceration. A pre- and post-simulation survey measured changes in participants' poverty awareness consisting of three domains - identifying barriers to poverty, confidence in one's ability to address poverty, and likelihood to engage in behaviors to address poverty. The post survey also included questions on insights gained and recognition of organizational systems that perpetuate poverty. Statistical analysis including descriptive statistics and paired t-tests were conducted in SPSS-v23. RESULTS The confidence in ability domain that included understanding obstacles, identifying key issues and having impact showed a significant difference between pre-test (M=8.63, SD= 1.71) and post-test (M=9.31, SD=1.90). However, no significant change was reported for identifying barriers and likelihood to engage in behaviors to address poverty. Additionally, in post-survey, more than 90% students reported increased mindfulness of poverty, self-reflection, and recognize that organizational systems create and perpetuate poverty. CONCLUSION Poverty immersive simulation experience is an essential education tool, as it motivates critical selfreflection and improves one's confidence to engage in addressing poverty.


In modern marine ecosystems, sea‐grass and chlorophyte meadows play an important ecological role by serving as a carbon sink. Despite their generally limited areal distribution, the high productivity of sea‐grass meadows makes them an efficient assimilator of CO2. During the early Palaeozoic, complex life was virtually confined to the marine environment, with algae being one of the common carbon‐fixers, alongside abundant calcifying cyanobacteria, rhodophytes, chlorophytes and charophytes, as well as non‐skeletal dinoflagellates and acritarchs. Fossil and molecular data indicate that marine thallophytic algae first appeared in the Early Proterozoic and became widespread in the Palaeozoic, although their fossil record is sporadic because of their soft‐bodied nature; in the absence of angiosperm sea grass and mangroves and poorly understood phytoplankton biomass, thallophytic algae were probably major primary producers. In this article, we suggest that thallophytic algae may have played a significant role as a carbon sink in the Early Silurian, analogous to modern sea‐grass meadows or kelp forests, based on the well‐preserved Early Silurian thallophytic algal meadow from Anticosti Island, eastern Canada.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the reliability and sensitivity analysis of a system with M primary units, W standby units, and one repair facility when switching to primary units may fail.Design/methodology/approach – Failure times of primary and standby units are assumed to have exponential distributions, and repair times of the failed units are also assumed to have an exponential distribution. Different failure rates and switching failure probabilities are given depending on the readiness states of standby units, designated hot, warm, or cold. The Laplace transform technique is used to transform a set of ordinary differential equations to a set of equations. After finding the solution, we can obtain the desired measures in the time domain by using the inverse Laplace transform.Findings – Expressions for system reliability and mean time to failure (MTTF) are derived. Sensitivity analysis of the system reliability and the MTTF with respect to system parameters are investigated.Originali...


By using bibliometric analysis and mathematical statistic,the food safety research papers in China recorded in SCIE network database from 1999 to 2009 were statistically analyzed from their quantity,publish year,periodicals distribution,institution,research topics and cited situations,aiming to find out the development status of the food safety research in China.The results indicated that there were increasing quantity of papers about food science and technology recorded in SCIE network database from 1999 to 2009,the increase was obviously accelerated after 2004.


Hemoglobin is the protein molecule in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs. Haemoglobin consist of four protein molecules (globulin chains) that are linked together. The normal adult haemoglobin (Hbg) molecule contains two alpha-globulin chains and two betaglobulin chains. Invasive method comprises of physical examination and credentialises the colour of a drop of blood on filter paper to a standardized colour comparison chart[3]. Here is an attempt to design a system for non-invasive haemoglobin monitoring and classification . A non invasive haemoglobin monitoring using infrared is showcased. It includes near infrared radiation on a index finger of your hand and sensing the resultant radiation after absorbance by haemoglobin . The haemoglobin count is measured across to the voltage level through a chain of observations and results are obtained .The results are further used for analysing the various haemoglobin related diseases prevalent in women[3].


Rush Doshi, The Long Game: China's Grand Strategy to Displace American Order (Oxford University Press, New York, USA, 2021), pp. 336, ISBN: 978-0197527917.


It is not easy to control the speed of AC motors accurately without modeling with some parameters for the controlled system. However, there are some application parts which do not require high speed responses strictly and the motor parameters can not to be identified simply. In this paper, a speed control method for a synchronous motor(S.M) with unknown parameters of the motor is investigated. The method is based on the current control algorithm. Speed controller and current controller are designed using PI control law. Some experiments are performed using DSP and power expert system to prove the validity of the proposed method. Throughout experimental results, the method is confirmed successfully. This method is expected to control the system with unknown parameters of the S.M efficiently.


Due to the complexity and the high performance requirement of person detection application, the design of embedded systems is the subject of different types of design constraints such as execution time, time to market, energy consumption, etc. Some methodologies were proposed in order to satisfy the different design constraints. This paper presents a mixed HW / SW design methodology for the implementation of an image covariance descriptor on a reconfigurable Altera StrtixIII FPGA platform. This implementation is intended for person detection and re-identification systems. It begins with a pure software implementation of the descriptor. A dynamic profiling is then made to identify the critical functions that require a hardware implementation. Finally, the most time consuming functions are implemented as hardware accelerators.


Considering the cost, health and environment hazards of synthetic pesticides, there is a need to find and develop practical, safe and effective alternatives. The study aimed to determine the biopesticidal effects of Gliricidia sepium and Tinospora rumpii extracts on Eruca sativa under different frequency of application. A 4x3 factorial experiment in Split Plot Design in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used in the study. Data obtained was analyzed using STAR. Significant results were subjected to further analysis using Least Significant Differences (LSD). Sensory evaluation was analyzed using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Results revealed that different pesticides used in the study have significantly affected the width of leaves, shoot root ratio, biological, economic yields and sensory evaluation. No significant differences were noted on the biopesticide and frequencies observed in the parameters used in the study.The population of green peach aphids and striped flea beetles declined on the plants sprayed with the botanical extracts and commercial pesticide noticed on Eruca sativa sprayed with Tinospora rumpii extract thrice a week. The application of fermented makabuhay extract twice a week is the most economical for arugula production. The untreated plants stood out in terms of odor, crispiness, taste and passed the preferences of the respondents, while the commercial pesticide obtained the highest score average in terms of appearance and aftertaste. Twice a week application of fermented makabuhay extract is recommended for high yield and net income.


The description of a single state of a modelled system is of- ten complex in practice, but few procedures for synthesis address this problem in depth. We study systems in which a state is described by an arbitrary finite structure, and changes of the state are represented by structure rewriting rules, a generalisation of term and graph rewrit- ing. Both the environment and the controller are allowed to change the structure in this way, and the question we ask is how a strategy for the controller that ensures a given property can be synthesised. We focus on one particular class of structure rewriting rules, namely on separated structure rewriting, a limited syntactic class of rules. To counter this restrictiveness, we allow the property to be ensured by the controller to be specified in a very expressive logic: a combination of monadic second-order logic evaluated on states and the modal µ-calculus for the temporal evolution of the whole system. We show that for the considered class of rules and this logic, it can be decided whether the controller has a strategy ensuring a given property, and in such case a finite-memory strategy can be synthesised. Additionally, we prove that the same holds if the property is given by a monadic second-order formula to be evaluated on the limit of the evolution of the system.


Studies of azimuthal anisotropies for very high pT particles in relativistic heavy ion collisions provide crucial information on the path length dependence of the parton energy loss mechanism in the quarkgluon plasma. Final high-precision data on the elliptic (v2) and triangular (v3) anisotropy harmonics of charged particles, obtained with the scalar product method, are presented up to pT ∼ 100 GeV/c in PbPb collisions at √ sNN = 5.02 TeV, using data recorded during the LHC run 2 with the CMS detector. In particular, the v3 harmonic is explored to a very high pT regime for the first time, allowing for an improved understanding of the effect of initial-state fluctuations on the parton energy loss. The v2 values reaching up pT ∼ 100 GeV/c are also determined using 4-, 6and 8-particle cumulants, shedding new light on the origin of the observed high-pT azimuthal anisotropies. These new results are compared to theoretical calculations and provide stringent constraints on the parton energy loss mechanisms and the influence of initial-state fluctuations. Presented at QM2017 Quark Matter 2017, XXVI international conference on ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions Nuclear Physics A 00 (2017) 1–4 Nuclear Physics A www.elsevier.com/locate/procedia High pT Harmonics in PbPb Collisions at 5.02 TeV Quan Wang on behalf of the CMS Collaborationa aThe University of Kansas Abstract Studies of azimuthal anisotropies for very high pT particles in relativistic heavy ion collisions provide crucial information on the path length dependence of the parton energy loss mechanism in the quark-gluon plasma. Final high-precision data on the elliptic (v2) and triangular (v3) anisotropy harmonics of charged particles, obtained with the scalar product method, are presented up to pT ∼ 100 GeV/c in PbPb collisions at √ sNN = 5.02 TeV, using data recorded during the LHC run 2 with the CMS detector. In particular, the v3 harmonic is explored to a very high pT regime for the first time, allowing for an improved understanding of the effect of initial-state fluctuations on the parton energy loss. The v2 values reaching up pT ∼ 100 GeV/c are also determined using 4-, 6and 8-particle cumulants, shedding new light on the origin of the observed high-pT azimuthal anisotropies. These new results are compared to theoretical calculations and provide stringent constraints on the parton energy loss mechanisms and the influence of initial-state fluctuations.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate cognitive, motor, language and adaptive behavior development in children who had isolated choroid plexus cysts (CPC) detected prenatally.


Objective To study The therapeutic effects of simvastatin on the patients with hyperlipemia.Methods Three hundrens cases with hyperlipemia were summarized retrospectively,in whom oral simvastatin 10mg/d was used for 12 weeks.The total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG) and low-density lipoprotein(LDL) were measured before and on the 4th and 12th week after treatment.Results Compared with those before TC,TG and LDL were significantly improved after treatment(P0.05).Conclusion Simvastatin has good therapeutic effects on the patients with hyperlipemia.


The aim of this study is to find out if teambuilding is a good tool to mobilize a project group to increase cooperation and work performance in the team. The master report is a descriptive study of ...


Meiotic segregation of several genes has been studied in tetraploid strains that are trisomic for chromosome ZZZ. The segregation data were compared to a computer simulation that assumes trivalent pairing of homologues involved in exchanges, followed by nonpreferential segregation. Trivalent pairing was characterized by higher frequencies of exchange as compared to bivalent pairing, and by the presence of spores resulting from at least double crossovers involving all three homologues. Trivalent segregation was characterized by a unique recombinant class. The strong interference normally exhibited in diploid meiotic recombination was not evident from the frequency of double crossovers in these strains. series of trisomic tetraploids with good spore viability were isolated by a slightly different approach. Tetraploids were selected from a mixture of the monosomic diploid XL61-1 (a) and the UV-irradiated nonmating diploid XP173. Most of these tetraploids apparently resulted from mating of the monosomic strain with homozygous a mitotic segregants in the XP173 culture. Upon sporulation, these tetraploids produced a variety of monosomic and homozygous spores in both mating types, with a variety of marker combinations. XI76, XI78, XI80, and XI82 are trisomic tetraploids constructed by mating some of these spores.


The objective of this study was to investigate the potential interactions between drugs and psychotropic drugs in the internal medical


The aim of this study was to determine whether volume and localization of intracerebral hematoma affects the six-month prognosis of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Patients andMethods.The study included 75 patients with ICH of both sex and all age groups. ICH, based on CT scan findings, was divided in the following groups: lobar, subcortical, infratentorial, intraventricular haemorrhage and multiple hematomas. Volume of intracerebral hematoma was calculated according to formulaV = 0.5×a×b×c. Intracerebral hematomas, according to the volume, are divided in three groups (0–29mL, 30–60mL, and >60mL). Results. The highestmortality rate was recorded in the groupwithmultiple hematomas (41%), while the lowest in infratentorial (12.8%).The best six-month survival was in patients with a volume up to 29mL, 30 of them (64%) survived.Thehighestmortality rate was recorded in patients with the hematoma volume >60mL (85%). Kaplan-Meier's analysis showed that there was statistical significance between the size of the hematoma and the six-month survival (P < 0.0001). More than half of patients (61.1%) who survived 6 months after ICH were functionally independent (Rankin scale ≤2). Conclusion The volume of hematoma significantly affects six-month prognosis in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage, while localization does not.


Many researchers have considered recent and intergenerational immigrant children's perspectives on immigration policies. Fewer have investigated nonimmigrant children's views despite children's sociopolitical identities forming long before they can vote. Drawing from data generated in spring 2017, the author illustrates how young children at an urban, midwestern school argued against the Republican administration's (anti-)immigration policies. Framed as an ethnographic case study, the author focuses on how third graders enacted justice-oriented identities as they wrote to congressional representatives about contemporary immigration policies. By attuning to how children embedded multiple institutional and political contexts in their written rationale, the author explicates the tensions and possibilities for nonimmigrant children in writing policies and possibilities for tomorrow. Ultimately, the author argues adults must intentionally sustain children's civic participation in ways beyond the niceties that plague early years classrooms.


The Anti-Corruption Helpdesk is operated by Transparency International and funded by the European Union. Computer algorithms are being deployed in ever more areas of our economic, political and social lives. The decisions these algorithms make have profound effects in sectors such as healthcare, education, employment, and banking. Their application in the anti-corruption field is also becoming increasingly evident, notably in the domain of anti-money laundering.


Radio iodine labelled fatty acid analogs are potential myocardial imaging agents for SPECT. In this paper are reported three new99mTc labelled fatty acid analogs. 99mTc-BAT-TDA, 99mTc-BAT-PDA and 99mTc-BAT-HxDA. Ligand exchange reaction with99mTc stannous glucoheptonate in 50% aqueous ethanol is used for labelling. With a yield of 87%, 70%, 49% respectively. 99mTc-fatty acid is purified by extraction into chloroform and the purity as determined by reverse phase HPLC is 98%. In order to determine the structure of Tc-BAT-fatty acid, 99Tc-BAT-PDA is synthesized with 99Tc ammonium pertechnetate in 50% citric acid buffer (pH=6) /ethanol using stannous chloride as the reducing agent. 99Tc-BAT-PDA displays the expected Tc = O UV absorption at 420nm and strong peak at 900cm-1 in the FTIR spectrum.Biodistribution studies of three 99mTc-fatty acid analogs are conducted in rats using 125I-ω- (p-iodophenyl) -penta-decanoic acid (IPPDA) as internal standard. The initial heart uptake of them is significantly lower than that of 125I-IPPDA.


Real-world knowledge is represented by a knowledge graph that provides assistance for various applications built on the basis of artificial intelligence. Awareness of the neighbourhood is obtained from the individuals and relationships of the Knowledge Graph. High-dimensional data analysis is a difficult task in many applications and this article discusses the dimensionality by specifying a limited collection of features that implies high-dimensional data without visible or substantial data loss. An unsupervised learning approach based on learning that uses the neural network principle and learns the features using the graph. The Positive Feature Selection approach using the Neural Network (PFSNN) approach in this paper defines features using a graph where the classification is carried out by the NN process and analyses the output of the proposed system. The efficiency of the PFSNN is evaluated by contrasting it with existing classification methods and using different datasets. Performance is measured using the classification performance metrics and it is defined from the observation that the proposed PFSNN algorithm has the best outcome.


Department of Chemistry, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW My research aims to understand the synergistic relationship between protein structure, dynamics and function. Using a powerful combination of single particle cryo-EM and 4D cryo-EM, my team and I will image protein structural dynamics with unprecedented spatial (sub-nanometer) and temporal (from picosecond to seconds) resolution, observing hydrated biological dynamics in real-time.


Objective To explore the incidence of the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA A1555G mutation in Northwest Chinese populations with nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss,and to estimate the clinical value of this molecular diagnosis. Methods Blood samples were obtained from 612 patients with nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss in Northwest China. Genomic DNA was extracted from isolated leukocytes. The mitochondrial DNA fragments were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. MtDNA 12SrRNA A1555G mutation was detected using Alw26I restriction endonuclease digestion,followed by direct sequencing to identify the A1555G mutation. Results Forty-seven individuals from 217 patients with aminoglycoside antibiotic-induced deafness(AAID) had homoplasmic mtDNA 12SrRNA A1555G mutation,furthermore,this mutation was found in 9 individuals from other 395 patients without a history of aminoglycoside antibiotic use. Conclusion The aminoglycoside antibiotic-induced deafness is one of the main types of deafness in this region; also,there is a high prevalence of the mtDNA A1555G mutation in this region. Thus screening for mtDNA 12SrRNA A1555G mutation is useful to molecular diagnosis for AAID .


The purpose of this article is to compare critically the typical methods of teaching handwriting which are in extensive use in the United States. The information upon which the article is based was gathered by a questionnaire which was sent to all of the cities of the United States of 50,000 inhabitants or more according to the census of 1900oo. Seventy-six letters were sent out to which fortyfour replies were received. These replies give a sufficiently typical view of the class of school systems which were investigated. This investigation does not, of course, include the rural systems of schools. It cannot, therefore, pretend to be a complete view of the methods of writing in use. The aim, however, was not so much to attain completeness as to determine what the various tendencies of the more enlightened practice are. Probably no important type of instruction is missed by this method. The relative prominence of the different methods is also probably represented with a fair degree of accuracy. One of the questions which was included in the questionnaire was in regard to the system of writing and the style of copy-book, if any, which was used. On the basis of replies to this question letters were sent to the publishers of the copy-books which were referred to and samples were obtained. A bibliography of the systems of teaching and of the copy-books which were used in the cities from which replies were received is given at the end of the article. These may be referred to in the course of the article by the name of the system. We may first discuss the replies which were received to the questionnaire regarding some of the more outstanding features of the methods of teaching. The following is a copy of the questionnaire:


This paper presents the design and implementation of the integrated circuit aimed at pulse oximetry measurements and intended to be a part of the biomedical SoC. The basics of the noninvasive method for oxygen saturation monitoring are briefly described and then the overview of the designed chip is presented and discussed. Next, several important simulation results are shown, proving proper operation of the designed structure.


Going into and coming out of hospital can be an uncertain and sometimes emotional experience for carers as well as patients. Many carers feel insufficiently involved and unsupported in the discharge process. However, we know that if hospital discharge is well-planned and the right services put in place then there is a much greater likelihood of the cared for person remaining at home with carer support and the carer feeling able to continue in their caring role. The aim of this article is to analyse an intervention that provided unpaid stroke carers with tailored support to meet their needs and prepare them for the discharge of their stroke survivor. A carer support worker focused on the needs of carers of inpatients in an integrated stroke unit. The impact of the service was measured using the Caregiver Strain Index and the Preparedness for Caregiving Scale, together with carer self-ratings as to whether and/or how their needs were met. The most common outcomes, in order of reported importance were: confidence in accessing services, confidence in caring, requiring specific information, and the ability to improve or maintain their own wellbeing. Bed days saved and reductions in post-discharge packages of care were estimated. The median reduction in length of stay was 9 days, and potential savings were calculated at £35 367 during the 19-month study period. A dedicated support service for unpaid stroke carers was effective in addressing carers' unmet needs and delivered health care cost savings.


Hydrobic associating effects of the hydrophobic associating polymer (HAP) with relative molecular weight ten million was investigated by determining viscosity and filter through nuclepore membrane. The effects of content of electrolyte , temperature and shear rate on the apparent viscosity of the hydrophobic associating polymer (HAP) solution were studied, then the conclusions were compared with partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM,3530) with relative molecular weight seventeen point seven million.The results showed that in the condition of 70℃ and high salinity 5727,HAP presented different character. HAP had a critical associating concentration(CAC) about 1000mg/kg, but 3530 had no critical associating concentration. When concentration of polymer reached CAC, the viscosity of HAP solution increased abruptly and the viscosity of 3530 increased slowly. The filter time of HAP(concentration, 1250 mg/kg) was 347.3 min with 20 mL solution through nuclepore membrane, filter time of 3530 was 2.1 min. The viscosity of HAP still reached 32.8 mPa·s,even in the condition of high salinity(30000),high temperature(70℃), shear rate(30 r/min), while viscosity of 3530 only was 4.11 mPa·s. The viscosity of HAP was 9.21 mPa·s in the condition of high shear rate(140 r/min), 70℃, salt concentration (5727 kg/mg) , while viscosity of 3530 only was 5.18 (mPa·s), HAP presented excellent stabilization resisting temperature, salt and cutting stress.


This study was carried out as a preliminary study to help prepare a career support program that combines self-efficacy, interpersonal competence, and self-resilience for female college students. To that end, a survey was executed on 345 female students of two universities, one in the Southern area and one in Norther area of Kyunggi-do from March 6 through 20, 2017, and 333 questionnaires were used for final analysis using SPSS v.22. Major study findings are as follows: First, family income and school years showed no statistically significant differences among groups. Second, self-efficacy was found to influence career maturity. Third, interpersonal competence was found to influence career maturity. Fourth, self-resilience was shown to have a mediating effect in the relationship between both self-efficacy and career maturity, and interpersonal competence and career maturity. These findings have significance in that a career-maturity enhancing program combing all the factors mentioned herein can be served as useful information for universities and colleges which intend to offer such program to female students. ■ keyword :∣Self-Efficacy∣Interpersonal Competence∣Self-Resilience∣Career Maturity∣ 접수일자 : 2017년 05월 04일 수정일자 : 2017년 06월 05일 심사완료일 : 2017년 06월 07일 교신저자 : 변상해, e-mail : email@example.com 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 '17 Vol. 17 No. 6 226


Decision trees are a kind of effective data mining methods to case classification.During processing objects with missing values in the incomplete information systems,the guessing technologies are often used in most of the existing decision tree algorithms.In this paper,we defined a condition attribute's decision support degree with respect to the decision attribute with the concept of a maximal consistent block,which can be regarded as the heuristic information.Moreover,we proposed an algorithm for generating a decision tree from an incomplete information system,which called IDTBDS.Note that the proposed algorithm not only fast extract the rule sets,and but also these rules possess more classification accuracy.


The minimum linear arrangement problem is a special case of more general placement problems which are discussed in Hanan and Kurtzberg [5] and might occur in solving wiring problems as well as many other placement problems. It is also a special case of the quadratic assignment problem [5] and has a lot in common with job sequencing problems (Adolphson and Hu [1, § 4]).The minimum linear arrangement problem for general undirected graphs is $NP$ complete as shown in Garey et al. [2]. The corresponding problem for acyclic directed graphs is also $NP$ complete (Evan and Shiloach [4]). D. Adolphson and T. C. Hu [1] solved the problem for rooted trees by an $O(n\log n)$ algorithm. In this paper we solve the problem for undirected trees by an $O(n^{2.2} )$ algorithm.


Register can be described as the language of group of people with common interests or jobs, or the language used in situational associated with such groups (Holmes 2013). They tend to choose a variety of language when they meet a particular group that is appropriate to the situation or context. The writer found that phenomena above happened in volleyball commentary in NCAA: PAC-12 UCLA vs. USC in September 20th 2017 used by the commentators. The commentators uttered the terms related to volleyball game. This study aimed to identify the register features that mark the register of volleyball commentators. In addition this study also describes how those register meanings are determined from the context of situation. The data were collected by transcribing the volleyball commentaries from YouTube video. To analyze the data, the writer will used the concept of register by Holmes (2013), and a combination of register features proposed by Holmes (2013), Read (2000), and Yule (2006). Findings of the study show the features which mark the register of volleyball. The results, there are 31 vocabularies of volleyball register which consists of 24 terms in single word and 7 terms in more than one words. Another result is, there are 4 types found as morphological process in this study. These are compounding, conversion, acronyms and affixation.


Mature bearing 'Anjou' trees were sprayed with aircarrier equipment applying 400 gal/acre for control of pear pests. Three rates of Insegar were compared to a standard program including a 15 May application of Guthion 35% WP 3 lb, Agri-Mek . 15 E 20 oz and oil 1 gal/ acre followed by a 19 Jun application of Guthion 35% WP 3 lb/acre. Insegar was applied 4 times during the season beginning at first egg lay of codling moth as determined by DD accumulation and again 21 d later for first generation then 2 second brood sprays timed the same way. Application dates and corresponding DD post biofix were as follows: 23 Apr, 74; 15 May, 231; 19 Jun, 586 and 9 Jul, 993. Plots consisted of 3 replicates of 30-40 trees in rectangles. Treatments were evaluated for control of PP and phytophagous mite species by counts made at 2-wk intervals. Adults PP were counted from a 25-beating-tray sample per replication. PP nymphs and phytophagous mites were counted from a 50-leaf sample per replicate. Leaf samples consisted of the proximal leaf, distal leaf and 3 leaves from the middle of 10 terminal shoots. Leaves were brushed and resulting slides were examined under magnification. Pest damage was rated according to U.S. grade standards for fresh market pears on 2 samples of 25 mature fruits per replication. Factors of fruit quality including firmness, soluble solids and size were evaluated from 2 10-fruit samples per replicate at normal harvest maturity. Fruit and foliage were examined for phytotoxicity after each spray.


© 2018, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved. This study sought to characterize the soot emissions from a model rich-quench-lean (RQL) combustor, with special emphasis on the effect of dilution jet location and flow rate. The burner consisted of axial injection of ethylene, primary and secondary swirling air streams, and four dilution (quenching) radial air jets located at a variable distance downstream. A scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) was used in conjunction with a centrifugal particle mass analyzer (CPMA). The SMPS provided information on particle size distribution (PSD) and particle number (PN) and the CPMA provided mass characteristics of the emitted particles. For a constant global fuel-to-air ratio, increasing the proportion of air injected through the quenching jets resulted in fewer particles emitted and smaller mean particle sizes. The same trends were established in moving the injection point closer to the inlet of the combustion chamber. Introducing air into the secondary swirling flow had only a minor effect compared to the major changes observed with the use of quenching air. Depending on the condition, the mean particle size was in the range 20-50 nm and an optimum quenching jet location and flow rate was found, where the total mass and the mean particle size were a minimum. The results are useful for validating turbulent combustion models and highlight the large sensitivity of combustor-out soot emissions to the air flow split and dilution jet location.


With a two-dimensional concept of 'New Public Management' as its point of departure, the article points to the development of a specific Danish model of NPM at the local level of government. In the municipalities the market-oriented NPM dimension has been almost absent and the managerial dimension has been interpreted and translated into a 'governance'-oriented model that combines decentralized self- and user-governance from below with centralized goal-steering from above. This combined model institutes new governing roles including a new leadership role for elected councillors as central goal-steering decision and policy makers. Rather than strengthening the local councillors, the new leadership role has turned out to be problematic for the elected councillors. The problems inherent in the new institutional role as goal-steering decision makers are discussed and arguments are put forward in favour of a more 'governance' and less NPM and government-oriented role for elected councillors. What seems to be needed is another new role that stresses local councillors as co-governors and guardians of an inclusive and democratic form of local governance.


Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)/sodium alginate(SA)interpenetrating network(IPN)hydrogel was prepared by chemical crosslinking.Addition of SA decreased the hydrogen bonding interactions between PVA molecules,while with the increase of SA content,the hydrogen bonding between SA and PVA molecules was enhanced.At the same time,the gel network became loose gradually,the size of the pores increased,and the microphase separation with"core shell"structure can be observed.Because Tg of SA and PVA hydrogel was close to each other,only one Tg was observed for PVA/SA hydrogel,and the two phase was partially compatible.In strain and frequency scan curves at low strain region,the storage modulus was significantly higher than the loss modulus,and the network relaxation factor n value was close to 0,which indicated that PVA/SA hydrogel presented a complete network structure with elasticity.A suitable content of SA can improve both the mechanical and swelling properties of the gel.


NC State University, Raleigh, NC. Regulation of aflatoxin (AF) production is complex, involving transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation focused mainly through the pathway specific transcriptional regulator aflR. An investigation into the nature of the transcriptional regulation of AF production by comparing conducive and non-conducive culture conditions revealed a clade of genes with a similar transcription profile to that of aflR. One of these genes, a putative Rho-GDP dissociation inhibitor, was characterized by gene deletion and shown to regulate AF production in Aspergillus flavus. The protein encoded by this gene, Afrdi1, showed 45% identity to Rdi1p in S. cerevisiae. The ÄAfrdi1 mutant exhibits a severe growth defect on minimal medium, a moderate growth defect on complete medium, and a temperature sensitive phenotype. Moreover, the ÄAfrdi1 mutant produces 97.3% less toxin than wild type. Inferences from S. cerevisiae reveal a possible link between AfRdi1 and RasA, which has been shown to regulate sterigmatocystin production in A. nidulans.


The use of perforator island flaps to cover big skin defects is described by many authors. Flex C.Behan 1 described this flap in many publications and showed many cases of hands, face,leg, upper back and other areas. (1,2,3,4,5,7) Closure of big defects is commonly done by skin grafting or distant flap transfer which often gives bulky masses. Use of transposed local flaps is an excellent idea which can employ different shapes like V-Y and other forms. (1) CASE REPORT 36 years old Malay man who has a recurrent dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans on the back at the level of the lumbo-sacral region was subjected on 10th of July 2008 for excision of the lesion with a safety margin of 2 – 3 cm, as shown in fig (1) and (2) The defect measured 12 cm X 10 cm and was rhomboid shaped. The general surgeon asked to wait until histopathologist gave us the needed informations about the safety margin excised. When he confirmed that the margins are free of any neoplastic cells we proceeded to cover the defect. Figure 1 Figure 1: Defect after tumor excision of the tumor (dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans) Figure 2 Figure 2 The author designed and mapped the defect and surrounding possible skin flaps. He put the design as shown in figure (3 7) either to make (right thoraco-lumbar and left gluteal) or (left thoracolumbar and right gluteal) island flaps. TECHNIQUE Incisions were done around the marked areas in Fig (4 and 7) and release of the fasciocutaneous flaps from the surrounding skin and mobilizing these flaps to meet at the center (Fig 5). Mild dissection of proximal ends of these flaps was done to become more mobile. Incision of the deep fascia was also done on both flaps with securing the bleeding vessels. Sliding Perforator Island Flap For Covering A Big Lumbosacral Defect 2 of 6 When the flaps became mobile enough, and met easily to fill the defect, the author started to undermine the upper and lower edges of the wound. When the author became comfortable with the all flaps, he started to close the wound in layers with a suction drain below the flap Fig (8 and 9). The medial edges of the flaps are sutured to each other and fixed to the underlying tissue over the spine to close any possible dead space. Figure 3 Figure 3: The defect Figure 4 Figure 4: Mapping Figure 5 Figure 5: Flap dissection Figure 6 Figure 6: Closure complete Sliding Perforator Island Flap For Covering A Big Lumbosacral Defect 3 of 6 Figure 7 Figure 7: Defect and mapping POST OPERATIVE Elastoplast was used with the dressing to cover the wound. Intermittent suction in the 1st 24 hours was done. One session of hyperbaric oxygen was given on the second postoperative day. Suction vacuum was used until the 8th day, with Cibrofloxacillin injection for one week. Limitation of movement after surgery was requested and prone position or later position was allowed. No sleeping on the back was permitted. RESULTS Flaps are nicely healed and closure of the wound was complete Figure 8 Figure 8: One week after operation with a drain in place


Efforts to meet ever-stringent fuel economy standards has led to increased focus on light weighting technologies, and proliferation of alternative powertrains such as hybrid vehicles. This has significantly increased the complexity of designing exhaust systems to meet high level NVH performances against thin powertrain targets. In this paper, some applications will be presented with latest efforts in addressing some of these challenges. (a) Novel methodologies in predicting exhaust high frequency flow noise using transient CFD simulations will be discussed. (b) Customized tuning applications: Case study in optimization, Daisy-chaining, and positioning of narrow frequency tuning applications (e.g., concentric tube Helmholtz resonators with tuned orifices, pipe length tuning) driven by tighter clearances and directed light weighting efforts will be discussed. (c) Hybrid applications—Hybrid powertrains pose a unique challenge as the engine can function both as power plant and a power generator, both of which...


GPS (Global Position System) has been widely used in car navigation system. It helps the users to determine the car position and velocity. But the unknown GPS noise characteristic makes the position information with undesirable position errors. The map matching process can improve the position accuracy and availability of the vehicular position system. In this paper, general principle of map matching is investigated according to segmentation and feature extraction, and an algorithm based on D-S (Dempster-Shafer) evidence reasoning for GPS/MM integrated navigation system was proposed. A simulation example demonstrates the effectives of the algorithm for the car location and navigation. The simulation errors of GPS and GPS/MM integrated system were presented.


During the last five years, International Research Associates, under contract to the Department of State, has carried out a number of evaluation studies of exchange programs in different countries, among students, specialists, and groups of civic and opinion leaders from abroad. In this paper, the authors discuss the research approaches utilized in those studies, point out the usefulness and shortcomings of each, as these are reflected in major findings, and suggest some of the areas in which future research seems most urgently needed. Elmo Wilson is President and Frank Bonilla is Research Analyst at International Research Associates, Inc.


The impacts of climate and land use changes on soil erosion and sediment in Nan river basin in north of Thailand were assessed using RUSLE, SDR and sediment transportation model. The results suggested that the changes in both climate and land use have significant impacts on both soil erosion and sediment. The increase of rainfall in near future directly affects surface runoff which is important factor related to soil erosion, and river discharge that controls the sediment flow in river. Land use change from forest to agriculture has a greater effect on soil erosion and sediment than that from one type of agriculture to another due to the reduction in plant cover. Furthermore, the severe scenarios in Nam Wa river basin which is branch of Nan river basin, illustrate how land use changes tend to affect soil erosion more than climate change, while climate change has a greater impact on sediment than land use change.This analysis can be useful in designing optimal land use that is effective for reducing soil erosion damages and decreasing sediment accumulation in the river including planning to mitigate the impact of climate change in the future. KeywordsClimate change, land use change, soil erosion, sediment yield


High speed designs often involve transistors operating in linear region, transmission lines, voltage regulator, and other passive electromagnetic (EM) components. Therefore, linear time invariant (LTI) assumption has been prevalent in system analysis for decades. However, ever-increasing signal speed and lower power, area budget are pushing designs to strong nonlinear regimes, e.g., re-drivers (contain limiting amplifiers) have to be used to compensate for the high frequency channel loss. The nonlinear effect is further amplified when the signal is travelling across different physical mediums, resulting in multi-dimensional interaction among transistors, package, motherboard, and external devices. Such nonlinear effects deteriorate system analysis, especially for coupling between device and field. In this paper, we will present system analysis flow and a new approach to fast and accurately simulate such nonlinear high speed designs.


General distance functions for mixed feature variables are defined based on the Cartesian space (U/sup (d)/, +,x) which is our new mathematical model for pattern recognition. In our metrics, a sample can be described by a d-tuple which is composed of closed intervals and/or finite sets.


ABSTRACT. The longterm prognosis of neonatal septicemia during the first four weeks of life has been estimated. Of 90 infants with the diagnosis of neonatal septicemia during a five‐year period, 1969–1973, 65 infants survived the initial treatment. Another two infants died with complications of their main disease, intestinal atresia, at the age of two months. Thus the total mortality in neonatal septicemia in this series was 30%. The remaining 63 children have been investigated between ages of 21/2 and 61/2 years. Of these 63 children we have found 14 children (22% of the surviving) with handicaps where the septicemia can be regarded as a possible cause of the handicap. Of these 14 children only six had an "uncomplicated" septicemia while four of them had meningitis and four had osteomyelitis. Furthermore, of the 14 handicapped children nine were delivered preterm (28–36 weeks) and all of them had one or more additional neonatal diagnoses than septicemia. The prognosis, both immediate and longterm, of neonatal septicemia in the present series compares favourably to most international studies. The importance of early detection together with an aggressive treatment of the septicemia is stressed and is considered as the main reason for the good prognosis.


In this article, superhydrophobic leaves of Cassia tora, Adiantum capillus-veneris (ACV), and Bauhinia Variegate are reported for the first time, and the wettability of these leaf's surfaces was correlated with their surface morphology at micro and nanoscale. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) images of the surfaces were used to get surface morphological information at the micro-nanoscale structures. A special drying method was implemented to ensure the minimal structural collapse of these surfaces under the high vacuum of FESEM. FESEM images of Cassia tora leaves showed widely spaced, low aspect ratio nano petals distributed on bumpy blunt micro features, responsible for high contact angle hysteresis and high roll angle measured on the Cassia tora leaves. ACV leaves showed the presence of micron-scale spherical morphology made of nanoscale hair-like features. These hierarchical re-entrant surface features generated a very high contact angle and low roll-off angle. Leaves of Bauhinia variegate showed similar superhydrophobic and self-cleaning properties. However, surface features were different, which consisted of a higher aspect ratio and closely spaced nano petals uniformly distributed over flat surfaces consisting of micro-scale ridges. Droplet impact studies on these surfaces at different Weber numbers showed different behaviour due to these different micro-nano features.


inhibitor were often involved. The CFTR gene was first shown to be the cause of CP by Cohn et al in 1998. The gene has 11 exons, which encodes a member of the ATP-binding cassette transporter superfamily. The encoded protein forms a cyclic adenosine monophosphate-sensitive chloride channel and can regulate other transport pathways. Mutations in this gene are generally associated with the autosomal recessive cystic fibrosis, congenital bilateral aplasia of the vas deferens, and pancreatitis. Since the discovery of the CFTR gene in 1989, more than 1800 CFTR mutations have been identified. The R117H and F508del variants are the most common types for pancreatitis. In addition, recent studies suggest that mutations in CFTR impaired pH regulation and the flushing of proteins in the pancreatic ducts. The hypothesis that the dysfunction ofCFTR can cause pancreatitis by obstructing pancreatic ducts was still in doubt. In this girl, a novel noninherited c.319-326del in CFTR was detected, and it may happen as a de novo mutation during the development of a fertilized egg to embryo or later. Germline de novo mutations do not influence the phenotype of parents, which was consistent with the fact that her parents did not experience pancreatitis. Besides, we infer that this variant leads to decreased intracellular pH and ability to endocytose active trypsin by shortening the polypeptide of CFTR. In China, the prevalence of CP has increased in the past decades. Our report demonstrated that genetic screening now does show prosperous insights into understanding the pathogenesis of CP and will certainly be applied into the therapy for CP in the future. For patients who have a positive genetic susceptibility for CP, they may be advised to stop drinking alcohol and smoking. So, when encountering a young patient, especially younger than 18 years, who complained of abdominal pain without obvious causes, we should not neglect the diagnosis of ICP, and the genetic screening of such patients is more likely to produce positive results.


The invention relates to the technical field of sea water desalination treatment, in particular to a sea water desalination process coupling electric drive and pressure drive. The process includes the steps: performing sand filtration; performing precision filtration; performing ultrafiltration; performing electrodialysis desalination soften; performing deep reverse osmosis desalination. According to the sea water desalination process, a homogeneous ion exchange membrane electrodialysis desalination technology and a low-pressure anti-pollution brackish water reverse osmosis membrane desalination technology are coupled, the sea water desalination process has the advantages of low operation pressure, high reliability, high water recovery rate and the like, and investment cost and operation cost of a sea water desalination system can be effectively reduced.


List of sources, including collections and periodicals with abbreviations List of modern works with abbreviations Symbols and conventions Note to the reader The Prosopography Fragmentary names Anonymi Fasti Stemmata Monograms Index to Fasti Index to office-holders of non-Roman nations Index to stemmata.


Most electronic communities have little crossover communication with each other, beyond specific linkages to other sites. So there is scant crossover among the world of academia, the "world of work," and the virtual world of social media. The objective of this research is to examine e-learning communities across academic disciplines to explore "crossover" research in multiple academic disciplines, as well as in elearning and adult learning, to see if there could be key issues brought to the foreground that affect adult learners and student retention. In addition to conducting historic research across a number of academic disciplines, the study also provides a case study that could reveal insights into factors that shed more light on adult learners and retention in online courses by traversing academic disciplines to achieve thicker research and contribute to the body of research on online adult learners in a range of academic disciplines.


Purpose – The economic growth performance of Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) over the past few decades has confounded economists. The paper examines the nature and causes of the region's marginalisation. Design/methodology/approach – Analyses areas of marginalisation including: technologically, economically, socially, politically, and even intellectually. The aim here is to document all these facets in a comparative manner and to examine prospects for their reversal. Findings – The poverty of SSA has many dimensions and causes, both internal and external. Certainly part of its underdevelopment is attributable to bad luck, initial conditions, and an unfavourable international economic environment. However, the region has to accept much of the responsibility for its plight because its present state is also largely an outcome of poor policy choice and bad governance. Thus, whilst we cannot account for every facet of the question of "why some nations are rich and others poor" we are nonetheless left with some very real certainties. Practical implications – The most important implication is that the principal therapy for poverty in SSA comes from within by addressing the internal obstacles to growth. However, the international community has an important role to play in addressing the uneven global trading system which is hampering development prospects and this needs to happen in the current trading round. Originality/value – The paper provides a comprehensive account of the sources of Africa's underdevelopment in a comparative manner. It will be of interest to all social scientists and policymakers interested in development issues.


In this paper, we analyze the suitability of the methods available today for securely managing the wide variety of data produced by the manufacturing sector. We propose a hybrid information architecture for manufacturing, based on decentralized blockchains, cloud-based WORM storage and ordinary cloud storage. We point out shortcomings in the technology available today for realizing this architecture. In particular, we identify a need for low-cost IoT-based systems to capture, identify, preprocess, encrypt and transmit factory floor data to the corresponding data storage subsystems. We describe our proof-of-concept implementation of such an IoT system, along with the factory case study that inspired it, and argue that this system is sufficiently inexpensive to be retrofitted into today's factories.


Sampling strategy for characterizing the group delay of chirped fiber Bragg gratings (CFBG) through fiber low coherence interferometry (LCI) is investigated. An LCI system is built to sample and record required data. The working principle is introduced and explained the functional modules of the system. The relationship among parameters of spectrum resolution, optical path difference (OPD), OPD scanning speed, data acquisition rate, data amount and so on is both qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed so as to achieve a sound parameter setting and to realize desired measurement precision. The analysis result is applied to practical experiments. Interferograms acquired at different parameter settings are provided for verifying the derivation and calculation. Finally, the group delay of the CFBG under test is calculated.


Objective To explore the effect of normal saline before and after the intravenous infusion on the prevention of levofloxacin-induced phlebitis.Methods 80 patients were randomly divided into control group and observation group.The control group was treated with conventional infusion method,while the observation group was treated with normal saline before and after the intravenous infusion on the basis of the control group.Incidence rate of phlebitis and satisfactory degree toward nursing were observed and compared between two groups.Results Incidence rate was 45.0% in the observation group,which was significantly lower than the 82.5% in the control group(P0.05);the satisfactory degree toward nursing in the observation group was 95%,which was significantly higher than 65% in the control group(P0.05).Conclusion Application of normal saline before and after the intravenous infusion can significantly reduce the incidence rate of phlebitis and improve the satisfactory degree toward nursing in patients,so it is


Contextual deficiency in translation is different from contextual default.The deficient information,which results in barrier to proper comprehension,should be amplified through contextual adaptation measures,i.e.,contextual amplification,annotation,shift and paraphrase.Contextual amplification should be grounded on producing optimal relevance,meet the expectation of the TT readers and realize communicative intention on the premise of constructing text coherence.The core of successful translation lies in searching for optimal relevance through certain adaptive measures,which is the optimal principle for translation as well.


The utility model provides a multifunctional insulating rod, belonging to the field of electric power operation tools. The multifunctional insulating rod comprises an insulating rod body, wherein an insulating hook is fixed at the top of the insulating rod body via an installing seat. Characteristics of the multifunctional insulating rod are that the top of the rod body is provided with a night lamp, the night lamp is connected with a lithium battery, an acousto-optic electroscope is arranged on the rod body, and the acousto-optic electroscope is connected with the insulating hook. With the acousto-optic electroscope, the lighting device and a rod body operating lever combined into one body, operation and electric verification of a column switch and an isolation switch (disconnecting link) can be conducted at the same position. In night operation, the lighting device at the top of the operating lever can be opened to guarantee sufficient illumination, a sufficient safe distance is guaranteed between an operation person and a live-line device, and the lithium battery can be repeatedly charged. As an integrated operating lever of an acousto-optic electroscope and illumination, the multifunctional insulating rod can accurately, safely, conveniently and rapidly operate the column switch, can shorten operation time in a limited scope, can improve power supply reliability, and has a green energy saving performance.


Aimed at the working condition of cast aluminum die for squirrel cage rotor, the main reason of the cracks on the surface results from the thermal fatigue failure caused by heat stress, which was brought in the heat recurrence of urgent hot and urgent cold. In order to improve the thermal fatigue resistance of the casting die, the original material 3Cr2W8V was replaced by 4Cr5MoSiV1. After actual production applications, the service life of cast aluminum die for squirrel cage rotor of 4Cr5MoSiV1 is 10 times longer than that of 3Cr2W8V.


There is a kind of bad influence among group of young people about lack of integrity,and bringing up integrity about young people is a systemic project an,So it needs the society,the school,the family together.In the market economy,the traditional social value system,the constitutional mode of teaching is also facing the test,the unit for ethical ideas has been distorted and all these threats to young people block a good idea coming.


Gall rust recently causes severe damages on sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria [L.] Nielsen) plantation in Doro Subdistrict, Pekalongan Regency, Central Java. The purpose of this research was to explore the potential biological control agens of gall rusts of sengon. Exploration was started with isolation of bark samples contain gall rusts into Potato Dextrode Agar (PDA) medium and sent them to Plant Clinic, IPB. At the same time, the same samples are grown on rice media for an approximately one week incubation period. Samples on PDA would be further investigated by Plant Clinic for determine species names of the biological agents. For efficacy test purpose, 50 gram of sample growth on rice media was mixed with 1 liter water. The suspension was diluted 1: 5, then sprayed on gall rusts symptom directly on sengon in the field. This simple method introduced to local farmer in order to find promising candicates of biological control agents for controlling sengon gall rusts.


Electrodeposited composite coatings enhance one or more of the properties of the substrate or confer an entirely new property. The use of metals like copper, nickel, cobalt, etc., as matrix makes possible the use of composites at elevated temperatures. In this investigation cobalt-boron nitride (Co-BN) composites were produced by conventional electrodeposition methods using a cobalt sulfate bath containing boron nitride (BN) particles in suspension. The effects of BN particle concentration in the bath, current density, pH and temperature on volume percent (Vol. %) incorporation of BN particles in the composites were investigated and the optimum conditions were found. Corrosion behaviour of the Co-BN composite was studied in 5% NaCl and 1 M HCl solutions by galvanostatic polarization method and the results were compared with those of cobalt deposits. From the resulting polarization curves, the corrosion potential and the corrosion current were obtained. Surface topography of Co and Co-BN composite was also studied.