Numerical models WRF+WW3 are used to predict wind wave elements in the Eastern Pacific, on waters surrounding Mexico, under the influence of hurricanes John, Lane and Paul, during the 2006 hurricane season. It can be noticed that the WRF model reproduces the atmospheric circulation patterns in the study area with high quality, even when the interaction of two or more cyclonic vortices is present. Predicting hurricane tracks shows acceptable forecast results for several days. The aforementioned aspects ensure the correct location of the wind wave generation areas and its displacement to the Mexican coastal zone due the above mentioned hurricanes. The results are intended to be useful not only to understand the influence of hurricanes on the sea surface dynamic state in the area of interest, but also in the development of operational weather forecasts for this region.


AFIAHADIYAH ZEN / J 120 140 036
"AN EFFECT TAPINGOF ABDOMINAL WITH (Dibimbing Oleh
Wahyuni, S.Fis., M.Kes)
BACKGROUND: Women will experience menstrual pain after the first
menarche (menarche) 6-12 months. Dysmenorrhea is divided into primary
dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain
without any pathology process characterized by pain in the lower abdomen
spreading the lower back to the thigh. Caused by an imbalance of prostaglandin
secretion in the endometrium during menstruation. This, a person can not normal
activities so that interfere with school and work activities.
PURPOSES:. To determine the effect of taping on the abdominal to primary
dysmenorhea to reduce pain in the lower abdomen
METHOD: This research type is Quasi Experimental, with pre and post test
design with control gruop design. Sampling technique using Accidental sampling.
Total sample of 20 people consisting of 10 treatment groups and 10 control
groups. Taping is given 2 weeks before menstruation until the first day of
menstruation. Measurement of pain using Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Data
analysis using shapiro wilk test, test of influence of simple test T test, difference
test of influence using test of mann-whitney.
RESULT OF RESEARCH: based on statistical test got significant result with
value P is 0,000 where p <0,05 which mean ha accepted. This means that there is
a taping effect on the abdominal to decrease primary dysmenorrhea.
Conclusion: Taping proved to have an effect on primary dysmenorrhea.


The development and performance verification of a cooled long wave infrared (LWIR) imager optics for a high resolution 10μμm pitch detector is described for the next generation optronics mast systems (OMS). The optical system features a Field of View (FOV) changing re-imager architecture, offering high definition imagery over a 3x magnification range under harsh environmental and built-in conditions, characteristic of submarine periscope applications. Details concerning optical design philosophy and evolution of the system from low (320x256) to high resolution (1024x768) detectors are discussed. The optical system includes a steerable de-scanner plate that enables motion blur compensation in a fast azimuth scan mode of the system for panoramic image acquisition. A conceptual framework simulates the complete imaging path taking into account a combination of relative illumination, distortion and relative boresight error across the FOV's of the system. Systematic limitations of the achievable optical performance due to metrology assisted alignment processes are analyzed with ray-trace modelling. Optical performance metrics of as-built systems from the OMS family are studied from a predictive modelling perspective to qualitatively understand their dominant error modalities. These are used to recommend actions to maximize achievable as-built optical performance for the system under development.


Text to Speech System is a Speech Synthesis application that converts a text to speech. The current project focuses on developing a TTS System for the Tamil Language with the Synthesis Technique as Unit Selection Synthesis. Letter Level Segmentation of an input text helps in the reduction of corpus size compared to Syllable Level Segmentation. The segmented units are retrieved with respect to Unicode values, concatenated and the synthesized speech is produced. Intelligibility and Naturalness of the spoken word can be improved using the Smoothing Techniques. Optimal Coupling Smoothing Technique is implemented for the smooth transition in between the concatenated speech segments to create continuous Speech output like human voice. Fraction based Waveform Concatenation method is used to produce the intelligible speech segments as output from the pre-recorded speech database.


IN an earlier communication some minute details of the methods employed were described, the types of cases investigated were classified and it was there indicated that certain points could be demonstrated in the problems of nose and sinus ventilation and drainage, in health and disease, which were previously obscure to the writer and which reference to the literature on the subject failed to clarify. Before discussing these points, certain peculiar characteristics of the graphs* will be analysed and their practical application interpreted.


There is much oral and intangible cultural heritage in Enshi autonomous prefecture.However,most of the heritage is close to extinction and is on the brink of ruin.We must try to save and protect the valuable heritage.This paper puts forward six measures.


Floating wine cups along winding water" is one of the important landscape themes and methods in the water scenery in traditional Chinese gardens. The poetic feeling it creates and its landscape concept represent the features of traditional Chinese gardens. The activity of floating wine cups along winding water has undergone changes through the long history. Research into its changes and development is of great significance in understanding traditional garden arts and exploring the way of designing modern Chinese landscape. Based on folk-customs, historical materials, ancient poems, and the historic sites, this paper examines the transformation from the folk-custom of floating wine cups along winding water to a form of landscape, explores the basic forms, aesthetic taste and cultural meaning of the sites of floating wine cups along winding water, discusses the idea of correspondence between man and nature to make both flourish, and illustrates the landscape making of one method with various forms in traditional Chinese gardens.


A study has been made of the inhibitory effect of various kinds of hypotensive agents on ATPase of cultured endothelial cells from bovine carotid artery stimulated with Ca2+. The ATPase activity was selectively inhibited by calcium antagonists including a new compound, 6-ethoxycarbonyl-5,7-dimethyl-1-[3-(4-phenethyl-1-piperazinyl)propyl]-3- (alpha, alpha, alpha-trifluoro-o-tolyl)-2,4(1H,3H)-quinazolinedione dihydrochloride, while not by other hypotensive agents.


In the thesis, the author introduces history and developing tendency of punitive damages. Still the author tries to analyze the congeniality of punitive damages in economic law from its value and function. At the same time, she tries to discuss scope and conditions of application as well as the liability limits of punitive damages.


Increased international competition has placed a premium on the quality of the labor force in a local economy. This article examines the forces shaping worker-employer joint education and training efforts, and the roles local development organizations can play in promoting such investments in local human capital. Cases involving public and private sector employers in Britain and the United States are examined, so as to assess the ways in which union militancy and forms of worker organization may affect efforts at cooperation. As may be expected, the authors find that successful programs depend on shared management and labor objectives. Local development groups can shape those objectives by providing information to both businesses and workers. Thus development organizations can invest their industrial recruitment and business retention data in improving the quality of local labor forces by promoting workplace-based joint education and training programs.


In this study, we show and investigate the use of optical and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) based remote sensing opportunities provided by the Copernicus satellite mission for agricultural support. We investigated the temporal patterns of two major crops, sugar beet, and winter wheat. The observations were conducted using both optical and SAR data in relation to temporal availability and potential agricultural applications. The combined use of both remote sensing methods is strongly emphasized reflecting the timely need of the information by farmers and the restrictions of the remote sensing data mainly due to weather conditions.


With the help of the control theory of mechanical engineering, it analyzes the torsion in heating roller of printing machine, designs the economical project to educe the power by the heating roller and driving roller. This assures the quality of printing process.


The wave overtopping performances of sloping seawall under oblique and multi-directional irregular waves are studied, by 3D physical model tests. The effects of some main parameters, such as relative crest freeboard, slope of armor layout, wave direction and multi-directionality etc, on mean overtopping discharge are investigated and a formula for estimating the mean overtopping discharge of sloping seawall under the oblique and multi-directional waves is presented. Single wave overtopping volume is also investigated. For concrete armor seawall, a three-parameter Weibull function is used to fit the probability distribution of single wave overtopping and the expressions for estimating the shape coefficient B and percent of wave overtopping in the Weibull function are also given, by which the single overtopping volume corresponding a given exceedance probability in certain condition thus can be calculated. For dolosse armor seawall, a method for estimating single wave overtopping volume with exceedance frequency 0.01 under different conditions is given.


During the formation of OE yarns on high frequency spinning rotors, dynamic shocks occur which lead to variations in the yarn tension. It is well known that by increasing the spinning speed the irregularity of yarn also increases. The variation of the yarn tension reduces the quality of the product (yarn). The aim of this research work is to find method to decrease the yarn irregularity without decreasing the spinning speed. In this paper also the way of improving of the quality of OE spun yarn is discussed. The OE yarn irregularity has been decreased by changing the construction of existed OE rotor's separator (OERS). The yarn passes through the yarn lead-funnel to the yarn lead-out tube. The variation of the yarn tension results in the change of the yarn friction on the yarn lead-out wall of the funnel. Then concentric protrusion formed at the centre on the surface of the base lead-out funnel lets the yarn contact the separator and it presses a spring disposed in a recess formed in the separator. As a result, the spring is deformed (axially) and allows the reciprocation the yarn lead-out funnel and yarn lead-out tube, whereby the vibration leading to changes in the yarn tension are absorbed.


Under passive Q-switched laser pumping, a vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser consisted of a semiconductor gain medium with a high reflectivity dielectric distributed Bragg reflection and an external mirror can achieve ultra-low threshold lasing at room temperature.


The liquid–gas interfacial region, which is the boundary between plasmas and liquids, activates physical and chemical reactions, thus attracting much attention as a novel reactive field in nanobiomaterial creation. Owing to the unique properties of ionic liquids such as their extremely low vapor pressure and high heat capacity, we successfully created a reactive liquid–gas (ionic liquids–plasmas) interfacial field under a low gas pressure condition, in which the plasma ion behavior can be controlled. The effects of plasma ion irradiation on the liquid medium are for the first time revealed quantitatively. In connection with the plasma ion irradiation, the potential structure and optical emission properties of the liquid–gas interfacial plasma were investigated by changing the polarity of the electrode in the liquid to evaluate liquid–plasma interactions. These results may contribute to systematizing the field of liquid–gas interfacial plasma physics for certain applications. Furthermore, novel nanobiocomposite materials, such as DNA-encapsulated carbon nanotubes, were formed using liquid-phase plasma, and for the first time, modifications of the electrical properties of nanocarbons according to the types of encapsulated DNA were demonstrated.


After a brief characterization of the theory of the topic-focus articulation of the sentence (TFA), rules are formulated that determine the assignment of appropriate values of the TFA attribute in the process of syntactico-semantic tagging of a very large corpus of Czech.


Aiming at the problem that OHSMS(occupational health and safety management system) is templated during construction,is formalized during implementation and is inefficient in continual improvement,3 countermeasures are presented as follows so as to enhance the safety management performances.The first measure is to eliminate cognitive biases of enterprise on systematic safety management and to rectify cognitive dissonance of various managements;the second is to adopt systematic safety management theory to guide safety management practices;the third is to settle the mismatches between systematic requirements and the practices,harmonize the participation of various parties,dynamically control hazards and effectively implement performance monitoring and improvement.In a word,systematical safety management can not be treated as a mere work or task and should solve the practical problems.Systematical safety management is a dynamical process that should be optimized continually;it is necessary to grasp the requirements on systematization of safety management and to effectively practise at the same time.


The study's purpose was to establish the inertial sensors-containing device (ISCD)-determined match characteristics that predict elite, male badminton players' performance levels. Twenty-two (22) male single players (aged: 23.39 ± 3.92 years), who represented 10 African countries, participated in the study. Players were categorized as successful and less-successful players according to the results of five championships during two seasons. ISCD units (Catapult MinimaxV4), Polar Heart Rate Transmitter Belts, and digital video cameras were used to collect match data. ISCD-determined variables were corrected for match duration, and independent t-tests, cluster analysis, and a binary forward stepwise logistic regression were used for statistical analyses. A Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROCC) indicated the validity of the group classification model. High-intensity accelerations per second were identified as the only ISCD-determined variable that showed a significant difference (p = 0.05) between groups. Furthermore, only high-intensity accelerations per second (p = 0.03) and low-intensity efforts per second (p = 0.04) were identified as significant predictors of group classification, with 76.88% of players that could be classified back into their original groups by making use of the ISCD-based logistic regression formula. The ROCC showed a value of 0.87. The identification of the last-mentioned ISCD-determined variables for the attainment of badminton performances emphasizes the importance of using badminton drills and conditioning techniques to improve not only the physical fitness levels of players but also their ability to accelerate at high intensities.


Speech coding is an essential technology for digital cellular communications, voice over IP, and video conferencing systems. For more than 25 years, the main approach to speech coding for these applications has been block-based analysis-by-synthesis linear predictive coding. An alternative approach that has been less successful is sample-by-sample tree coding of speech. We reformulate this latter approach as a multistage reinforcement learning problem with L step lookahead that incorporates exploration and exploitation to adapt model parameters and to control the speech analysis/synthesis process on a sample-by-sample basis. The minimization of the spectrally shaped reconstruction error to finite depth manages complexity and serves as an effective stand in for the overall subjective evaluation of reconstructed speech quality and intelligibility. Different control policies that attempt to persistently excite the system states and that encourage exploration are studied and evaluated. The resulting methods produce reconstructed speech quality competitive with the most popular speech codec utilized today. This new reinforcement learning formulation provides new insights and opens up new directions for system design and performance improvement.


Agents are autonomous, social, proactive, reactive, and communicate to achieve common goal. Developing framework for agents to support above mentioned characteristics is quite challenging. Outside the choice of right agent methodologies to support agent oriented development, there is a need for developing agent driven development framework to enable creation and functioning of agents. These framework needs to support asynchronous messaging using KQML or FIPA-ACL standards, state-based programming. Considering the complexity of the agent development the expressiveness of the design is critical in managing complexity. This paper aims at developing a design framework for agents, where agent design is modeled thru goal model. These models not just express design but also provide code generation in actual execution environment.


Design elements such as typography, illustration, and photography used in graphic design can also be used indoors on surfaces and reinforcement elements. Original designs support the creation of the identity of the place. It is of great importance to use visual arts in the space. One of the areas of design that greatly affects people in the illustration. Whatever the content of the illustration, it can include different visual styles that can be expressed artistically. The art of illustration can express difficult concepts quickly. For this reason, illustrations are used in different techniques. Thus, it can be used to create unique designs that can reveal the difference of the brand. The uniqueness of the illustration used in the interior design is also effective in the formation of space's own identity. Illustrations that are uniquely designed based on the user's wishes should be used. Instead of fashionable design trends, the application of the appropriate forms to the concept of the space ensures the creation of the original space. The research aims to examine the use of graphic elements used in interior design, which is one of the factors that affect the formation of children's identity, on space surfaces. Qualitative methods were used as a method, and a literature review was made on graphic design and space design for children. The analyzed examples are limited to the use of typography and illustration on the walls and reinforcement element surfaces in the interior design of the children's room. The application images in the personal archive were used. Besides, internet resources were searched and the samples of the children's room were examined.


Introduction The connection between suprarenal function and allergic diseases has been the subject of some investigation. In 1922, Kenipow found that anaphylactic reactions were increased in guinea pigs whose suprarenal glands had been partially removed. Later Eriksson-Lihr et al.°found that the daily excretion of the 17-ketosteroids was decreased in allergic dis eases; these observations were subsequently confirmed by other authors. Rose and his colleagues1' have studied the daily excretion of the 17-OH corticoids in patients during the dyspneic crisis and they have found it decreased. Siegel et al.'3 have determined 17-OH-corticoids of the plasma in asthmatic patients and they have found increased values, particularly in patients with intense symptoms. In previous works,'6―7we have studied the blood proteins and electro lytes in 40 patients with respiratory allergy, most of them asthmatic. We found a decrease of sodium and plasma chlorine and an increase of potassium and globular chlorine; these variations were highly significant from the point of view of statistics and they were similar to those observ able in suprarenal insufficiency. Subsequently we have carried out'9 with the same type of patients the determination of the urinary 17-keto steroids and the eosinophil counts before and 24 hours after intra muscular injection of 80 units of ACTH gel. We found initially low values of 17-ketosteroids and a highly significant decrease (P=0.001) of the response to the ACTH. These findings have led us to a thorough study of the suprarenal function in allergic asthma.2°


The losses of the power grid can be divided into two main categories, which are technical and non-technical losses. Non-technical losses, also called commercial losses, are mainly caused by electrical theft. To help utility companies discover the doubts of electric burglars, we proposed a hybrid Convolutional Neural Network - Support Vector Machine model for electricity theft detection. In this model, first, we used the convolutional neural network to learn features between different days from massive and varying smart meter data by the operations of the convolution and the sub-sampling layers. In addition, a dropout layer was added to avoid over-fitting. After that, the Support Vector Machine was used as a classifier layer to replace the soft-max classifier layer to detect dishonest customers. Finally, we used the actual data set collected by State Grid Corporation of China, in which the electricity theft will be flagged (Flag = 1) to test the accuracy of the model, the evaluations were recognized through the confusion matrix and ROC curve. A comparison with previous popular models was carried out to verify the benefit of the proposed hybrid model.


The $k$-coverage problem is to find the minimum number of disks such that each point in a given plane is covered by at least $k$ disks. Under unit disk condition, when $k$=1, this problem has been solved by Kershner in 1939. However, when $k > 1$, it becomes extremely difficult. One tried to tackle this problem with different restrictions. In this paper, we restrict ourself to congruent Voronoi polygon, and prove the minimum density of the two-coverage with such a restriction. Our proof is simpler and more rigorous than that given recently by Yun et al.


Background: Early repolarization syndrome (ERS) is characterized by J-point elevation in the ECG and ventricular fibrillation (VF). Although mutations in genes encoding potassium, sodium, or calciu...


Jewelry is not only worn for its pleasant appearance, because there are some more reasons for the possession of jewels. There was obviously an inclination for the shapes or the colours of the materials, as we also find bronze and copper jewellery, which must have been polished when they adorned people or other things. As there is also a proportion of frit, faience, even clay beads recovered in jewelry assemblages, it seems people who could not afford the precious stones had to turn themselves to cheaper ones or copies, as it is still the fact today with fashion items or strass. As they were quite scarce, and hard to obtain, some goods became obviously precious and researched. So people, who could afford it, tried to get some of these, mainly because it is a pleasant and sure way for one to keep some "emergency funds" over in case of problems.


The fifth generation (5G) networks have been envisioned to support the explosive growth of data demand caused by the increasing traditional high-rate mobile users and the expected rise of interconnections between human and things. To accommodate the ever-growing data traffic with scarce spectrum resources, cognitive radio (CR) is considered a promising technology to improve spectrum utilization. We study the power control problem for secondary users in an underlay CR network. Unlike most existing studies which simplify the problem by considering only a single primary user or channel, we investigate a more realistic scenario where multiple primary users share multiple channels with secondary users. We formulate the power control problem as a non-cooperative game with coupled constraints, where the Pareto optimality and achievable total throughput can be obtained by a Nash equilibrium (NE) solution. To achieve NE of the game, we first propose a projected gradient based dynamic model whose equilibrium points are equivalent to the NE of the original game, and then derive a centralized algorithm to solve the problem. Simulation results show that the convergence and effectiveness of our proposed solution, emphasizing the proposed algorithm, are competitive. Moreover, we demonstrate the robustness of our proposed solution as the network size increases.


In this study, the best conditions to obtain Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanofibers were studied for further development of a composite with a biopolymer for application in scaffolds. Although the electrospinning of ZnO nanofiber is already known, there are still new aspects to be explored to optimize itsproduction. In this work were prepared six different solutions of poly(vinyl alcohol) - PVA with two different molecular weight, containing ZnO precursor, i.e. Zinc Acetate, using water or a mix of water and alcohol as solvents, and tested to understand how solution characteristics influence the final morphology of the ZnO nanofibres. This paper shows promising results for production ceramic nanofibers by electrospinning since parameters as viscosity, molecular weight, concentration, conductivity and surface tension are well controlled.


Cloud computing is an advancing technology which provides the servcies of Infrastructure, Platform and Software. Virtualization and Computer utility are the keys of Cloud computing. The numbers of cloud users are increasing day by day. So it is the need of the hour to make resources available on demand to satisfy user requirements. The technique in which resources namely storage, processing power, memory and network or I/O are abstracted is known as Virtualization. For executing the operating systems various virtualization techniques are available. They are: Full System Virtualization and Para Virtualization. In Full Virtualization, the whole architecture of hardware is duplicated virtually. No modifications are required in Guest OS as the OS deals with the VM hypervisor directly. In Para Virtualization, modifications of OS is required to run in parallel with other OS. For the Guest OS to access the hardware, the host OS must provide a Virtual Machine Interface. OS virtualization has many advantages such as migrating applications transparently, consolidation of server, online maintenance of OS and providing security. This paper briefs both the virtualization techniques and discusses the issues in OS level virtualization.


The aim of this paper is to study the stability of traveuing wave $\mathrm{s}\mathrm{c}\succ$ lutions with shock profiles for one-dimensional viscoelastic materials with the non-degenerate and the degenerate shock conditions by means of an elementary weighted energy method. The stress function is not necessarily assumed to be convex or concave, and the third derivative of this stress function is also not necessarily assumed to be non-negative or nonpositive. The travelling waves are proved to be stable for suitably small initial disturbance and shock strengths, which improves recent stabihty results. The key points of our proofs are to choose the suitable weight function $\mathrm{a}\mathrm{n}\dot{\mathrm{d}}$ weighted Sobolev spaces of the solutions.


We determined whether environmentally relevant concentrations of ammonium perchlorate alter development and metamorphosis in Xenopus laevis. Eggs and larvae were exposed to varying concentrations of ammonium perchlorate or control medium for 70 d. Most treatment‐related mortality was observed within 5 d after exposure and was due in large part to reduced hatching success. The 5‐ and 70‐d median lethal concentrations (LC50s) were 510 ± 36 mg ammonium perchlorate/L and 223 ± 13 mg ammonium perchlorate/L, respectively. Ammonium perchlorate did not cause any concentration‐related developmental abnormalities at concentrations below the 70‐d LC50. Ammonium perchlorate inhibited metamorphosis in a concentration‐dependent manner as evident from effects on forelimb emergence, tail resorption, and hindlimb growth. These effects were observed after exposure to ammonium perchlorate concentrations in the parts‐per‐billion range, at or below concentrations reported in surface waters contaminated with ammonium perchlorate. Ammonium perchlorate significantly inhibited tail resorption after a 14‐d exposure in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) Endocrine Disruptor Screening and Testing Committee (EDSTAC) Tier I frog metamorphosis assay for thyroid disruption in amphibians. We believe that ammonium perchlorate may pose a threat to normal development and growth in natural amphibian populations.


In the case of earthquake, it is necessary to install earthquake instruments and to measure the ground motions for stable gas supply and restoration in case of supply suspension. Because each point in the site of the gas facilities has different characteristics of ground motion, it is recommended to measure at the point where the ground motion is representative. In this paper, ground motion analysis and noise pattern analysis are carried out to select suitable point for the installation of earthquake instruments and to set of dynamic range of sensors.


Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a pleomorphic, systemic autoimmune disorder with a strong genetic component (λS~30). The first 720 cases and 2337 controls, all female and self‐reported as European‐derived were divided into two subsets and genotyped at 317,501 markers. The more consistently significant markers were genotyped in third and fourth cohorts of 1739 and 1932 additional European‐derived female subjects for a total of 6728 participants. The most powerful association spans 7.05 mb across the HLA region, where 93 SNPs have p<10‐6 with the minimum p<10–54 at 31.82 mb in the MSH5 gene. Four additional associations are identified in ITGAM, KIAA1542, PXK, an anonymous marker at 1q25, and the known IRF5, all at odds ratios >1.2 and p<10‐7 in the aggregate collection. The results also support STAT4, FCGR2A, and PTPN22 as additional genetic risk factors.


Fracture mechanics is mainly concerned with the analysis of fracture-dominant failure. Various methods of analyses for cracks are used in the determination of fracture characterizing parameters, which in turn can be used to predict loads and crack sizes at which failure would occur. -- In engineering practice, robust methods for estimating fracture parameters are useful, given the lack of details of material data, geometric configuration and computational sophistication in an operational industrial plant. This thesis focuses on the approximate methods for the determination of (1) crack tip plastic zone size, (2) the J of circular-ended notches and (3) the J for three-dimensional pressure vessels and piping components. Furthermore, this thesis focuses on design perspectives based on robust methods. -- The assessment of the integrity of structures and components with defects has been shown to be possible using the robust methods developed in this thesis. The robust method for estimating the elastic-plastic energy release rate has been presented which is suitable for the purpose of design. In order to estimate the effect of out-of-plane loading which is parallel to the crack front, the so-called "2½-D" model is proposed in this thesis. This model has been developed to evaluate J for three-dimensional pressure vessels and piping components with defects such as pressure vessels and piping with a circumferential flaw or a longitudinal flaw.


Open dissipative systems subject to a random force are directly quantized. The starting point is the effective action derived using the method of Parisi–Sourlas. Since the effective action is second order, the method of Ostrogradsky was used to quantize the system canonically. In the case of the harmonic oscillator, the relevant Green function can be computed exactly. In the general case, a perturbation expansion, involving time-dependent (memory) terms, can be defined.


This chapter presents the major concepts required to understand the movement of signals on transmission lines. The important concept of traveling waves is introduced and the origin of reflections on transmission lines identified. The concepts discussed in the chapter include packaging hierarchy, primary and secondary transmission constants, and transmission line impedances. Interference between the incident and reflected waves, traveling at the same velocity but in opposite directions, causes a ???standing???wave??? field pattern to be set up. If there is a signal current there must be a return signal current which will tend to be as close to the signal current as possible to minimize stored energy. The provision of a signal return path is important in maintaining the integrity (i.e., predictable signal waveform) of interconnects. A range of models are used for interconnects depending on the accuracy required, the amenability of the net to modelling, and the frequency of operation.


In this chapter, distortions of the α and β rate constants are examined. These distortions produce the increased time constants for potassium gates and for sodium inactivation gates. Sodium activation gates have negligible distortion (below V1/2) and the rate constants αm and βe are considered equivalent to αe and βe for electron tunneling. Most of the distortions are due to the voltage sensitivity of ion fluxes crossing energy barriers in the channel. The exception is the sodium inactivation gate, which apparently has an additional edge distortion due to the location of the tunnel track control site near the protein/cytoplasm interface.


A set of equations for determining the shock angles pre- and postshock are deduced from the MHD Rankine-Hugoniot conservation relations. The coefficients in this set of equations are determined with data observed by the spacecraft in which the measurements of the azimuth angles of the magnetic field are not included. We analysis all shocks observed by VOYAGER 1 in 1977-1980 with this method, and compare the results with those deduced using the method of magnetic coplanarity. The comparison indicates that our method presented in this paper is better than that of magnetic coplanarity for determining the interplanetary shock angles under conditions of satisfying the Rankine-Hugoniot relations.


This paper is concerned with the inverse problem for n-by-n generalized doubly stochastic matrices.The least-square solutions of n×n generalized doubly stochastic matrices are studied.In addition,the problem of using generalized doubly stochastic matrices to construct the optimal approximation to a given matrix is discussed,and the expression of the solution is provided.The algorithms and numerical examples are included.


We present our recent results on the fabrication of photonic devices such as single-mode and few-mode waveguides, Ycouplers as well as integrated interferometric sensor devices. The devices were created by means of a fabrication method based on maskless lithography, which allows for fabricating embedded integrated polymer elements on a scale of several square centimeters with a resolution down to one micron. We demonstrate the versatility of our approach by presenting first results on photonic structures created by maskless lithography.


ORPHEE (F): Irrigation Experiment Results Lipton rooibos and green tea bags were buried (5-7 cm) in soil for about three months. Decomposition rate (k) and stabilization factor (S) rates were calculated from mass loss data (Keuskamp et al. 2013). Data were analysed using linear regression and mixed effect modelling. S and k were calculated using the following formulaTea bags used to measure OM transformation


Although parole and the processes of prisoner reentry have received considerable attention, how individuals on parole respond to the State's efforts to regulate their conduct and govern their personhood remains under theorized. Drawing from ethnographic research with individuals on parole, this article examines how parolees navigate the social control inherent in this penal practice. Parole entails both productive and repressive power; responsibilizing and de-responsibilizing elements. The parole agency's efforts to govern up-close—through supervision and regulation of everyday conduct—are frequently met with subversion, resistance, and hostility, while efforts to govern-at-a-distance are more productive. In general paroled subjects reproduce the injunction to transform their lives, becoming committed to 'going straight', ethical reformation, and responsible citizenship. This 'reformed subjectivity' guides how individuals enact parole, but does not reflect subjection or their full acquiescence to penal power. Rather, by engaging selectively with the rules, they render their conditions of parole malleable. These individuals on parole are committed to going straight but doing so, as much as possible, on their own terms. In this way, the reformed subjectivities they display both reflect and resist penal power.


Among the acquired disorders of cartilage and bone are a variety of neoplasms. Some are malignant and cause considerable morbidity and can metastasize and kill. Others are benign and may even heal spontaneously. Rarely, skeletal tumors behave as though "transitional," with both malignant and benign features. Diagnosis and treatment of bone tumors is a complex and specialized discipline. Only a brief overview is provided here. Additional resources include several comprehensive texts devoted to this topic.(1–7) Classification of skeletal neoplasms begins with the apparent cell or tissue type of origin (Table 1). The source of the tumor is usually revealed by the kind of tissue that the neoplastic cells make, such as osteoid or cartilage. However, in a few instances (e.g., giant cell tumor of bone), the origin is less clear.(1,5) Chromosomal defects are detected more often in malignant than in benign skeletal neoplasms.(8) Biological behavior of bone tumors importantly influences their classification. Within the two major categories, benign and malignant, there are different degrees of aggressiveness. Biological behavior reflects the capacity of the tumor to exceed its natural barriers. Such barriers may include a tumor capsule (the shell of fibrous tissue or bone around the neoplasm), a reactive zone (composed in part of fibrous tissue or bone that forms between the capsule and normal tissue), and any adjacent articular cartilage, cortical bone, or periosteum.(1,5,7) Skeletal neoplasms will be properly managed only when there is a thorough understanding of their clinical presentation and natural history, as well as use of current staging procedures.(9) This often requires histopathological examination.(1,5,9) Proper choice of therapy may include medical and/or surgical approaches.(1–3,5,7,10–12) Optimum patient management can depend on multidisciplinary expertise.(1–7) Improved radiological imaging,(13,14) histopathological methods, cytogenetic and molecular testing, surgical techniques, and chemotherapeutic regimens have all contributed to better survival and function of patients with skeletal sarcomas. Chemotherapy has improved the treatment of early metastatic deposits.(12–18) Consequently, aggressive limb-salvaging procedures are now possible with survival rates that were previously achieved only by radical amputation.(16,19–22)


Novel methods for analyzing the response of air inflated fabric structures are presented. The first method determines the global structural response of air inflated beam and arch structures. It employs a previously developed specialized finite element. The element was derived by minimizing the strain energy potential for a cylindrical membrane deforming about its pressurized state. Through the use of displacement approximations defining the motion of the beam's cross section, analogous to classical beam theory, the energy principle is reduced to one dimension. However, the effect of the pressure is included in the formulation. Numerical results compare favorably to experimental data for air beams constructed from Vectran® . The second method is based on the micromechanics of plain-woven fabrics. It employs nonlinear kinematics to predict the load-displacement response of a biaxially loaded fabric. Based on the fabric strip model, this method includes the effects of crimp in nonlinear kinematic material behavior and estimates values of effective material properties in tension and shear.Copyright © 2003 by ASME


This letter proposes a novel inexpensive microwave ablation (MWA) antenna with a highly localized ablation zone. The antenna is designed based on a substrate integrated coaxial line, at the end of which a serpentine structure is used to radiate microwave power. The serpentine structure can effectively shorten the length of the radiation structure, making the ablation zone more localized. Due to its simple structure, a convenient and inexpensive printed circuit board technology can be used to fabricate the disposable ablation probe. In addition, the proposed topology has a small cross section and, thus, is very suitable for minimally invasive surgery. Simulation analysis and validation experiments have shown that the proposed MWA antenna can provide reliable performance, which means that it can serve as a promising candidate for minimally invasive ablation therapy.


The demand for materials having higher mechanical properties keeps on increasing because of the continuous ongoing developments in mechanical industry. Cryogenic Treatment is a property enhancement heat treatment process applicable for a significant variety of steels. A remarkable improvement in the properties is observed in the case of tool steel and high speed steels. These steels are quite difficult to machine using conventional machine tools. Electro Discharge Machining (EDM) is widely employed for machining of conductive metals with high hardness. This article presents the work to develop or enhance material properties by cryogenic treatment and then establish the process parameters on EDM. Parametric analysis is carried out for process parameters (current, voltage, duty factor and depth of cut) on Electro Discharge Machining taking cryogenically treated work piece and non treated work piece (EN31) and the effects are compared. The experiments are designed by Design of Experiments technique using Taguchis orthogonal array. The optimized process parameters are established for material removal rate and surface roughness and their percentage contribution is calculated using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) technique. Regression analysis is performed and empirical relation is formed for material removal rate and surface roughness which are analyzed using MINITAB software. The whole experimental study indicates that cryogenic treatment improves material properties and also enhances the material removal and surface finish.


A flexible organic electroluminescent device is sequentially composed of flexible substrate layer, buffer layer made of insulating material, anode layer, organic luminous layer consisting of at leastone electronic transfer layer or hole transfer layer, and cathode layer. Its advantages are high adhesion between anode (ITO film) and substrate, high air tightness of substrate, high stability and long service life.


Abstract White and black peppers were subjected to conventional roasting as well as microwave heating in order to study the effects of such techniques on the volatile constituents of each spice oil and its antioxidative activity. Hydrodistillation oil of each spice was analyzed using Gas Chromatography (GC) and Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Twenty six compounds were identified in essential oil of white pepper, whereas, twenty compounds were detected in black pepper essential oil. ô-Carene, limonene, (X - and ß-pinene and ß-caryophyllene were the major components in both. Due to heating treatments, increase in sesquiterpenes and drastic increase in oxygenated terpenes were observed in comparison to the raw samples. Such changes affected the antioxidant activity of the treated samples using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging as well as ß-carotene bleaching test against tert-Butylhydroquinone (TBHQ). The strongest effect for reduction of DPPH radical was by white pepper microwave heated sample which exhibit 78.2 % ± 2.1), followed by conventionally roasted black pepper sample, (75.2 % ± 1.9) compared to TBHQ (98.8 % ± 2.1) at the same concentration 400 µg/ml. However, conventionally roasted black pepper recorded the highest inhibiting effect for the oxidation of linoleic acid and the subsequent bleaching of ß-carotene (78.2 % ± 2.3), followed by white pepper microwave heated sample (76.2 % ± 1.9) in comparison to TBHQ (98.8 % ± 2.1).


THE ARTICLE BY BUYSSE ET AL1 IN THIS ISSUE REPORTS ON A STUDY DESIGNED TO EXPLORE THE INFLUENCE OF THE CIRCADIAN SYSTEM ON SLEEP AND performance in older subjects. This topic is one of great interest, especially given the rapidly aging US population. Sleep complaints are a common feature of aging,2-4 so common that many older people fail to seek help from a medical professional.5 As several previous studies have demonstrated, poor quality sleep, including reduced sleep efficiency and increased number of awakenings,4 is a problem even in otherwise very healthy older people.6 While many older people may suffer from undiagnosed sleep-disordered breathing, many others have reduced sleep efficiencies that are unrelated to specific sleep disorders.4 Given that 2 major regulatory processes, the circadian timing system and the sleep-wake homeostat, interact in humans to regulate our consolidated sleep and wakefulness, age-related changes in either process, both processes and/or in the interaction between them could play a role in the poor sleep associated with aging. Until fairly recently, study protocols that can tease apart these 2 systems were not widely used to quantify age-related changes in sleep in order to answer such questions. The study by Buysse et al used the "90-minute day" paradigm in a group of older and young adults, giving their subjects 30-minute sleep opportunities every 90 minutes for 60 hours. This protocol results in sleep episodes that are scheduled across all circadian phases, and because of the short waking episodes, homeostatic sleep pressure is much reduced. Buysse et al examined sleep stages, measures of sleep quality and continuity, looked at whether significant circadian rhythms in sleep were present, and also measured subjective sleepiness and performance during the waking episodes. They found a lower percentage of REM sleep, lower sleep efficiency, longer sleep latency, and increased frequency and duration of awakenings in the older subjects. They concluded that there is a reduced circadian variation in sleep propensity with age, and that this is especially evident at the time of peak sleep propensity (ie, near the time of the core body temperature nadir). The results of the study by Buysse et al support and extend other studies that have examined whether there are age-related changes in the circadian sleep-wake propensity rhythm. Richardson et al looked at sleep propensity measured as the ability to fall asleep, in a study in which they performed MSLTs across day and night.7 They found little difference at any circadian phase between the sleep latencies of young and older adults in their study, a finding largely in accordance with Buysse's findings. Haimov and Lavie used a "7-13" study paradigm in which their subjects were scheduled to sleep for 7 minutes and be awake for 13 minutes across 24 hours.8 When they summed up all the sleep obtained by their subjects in each nap opportunity, they found that older subjects were less sleepy in the morning (near and just after typical wake time), a time of day consistent with the findings of Buysse et al. Haimov and Lavie also found their older subjects to be sleepier in the late evening (in the wake maintenance zone) than young subjects. In 2 recently published reports,9,10 the group of Cajochen and WirzJustice used a "75-150" study protocol across 40 hours of bed rest in young and older subjects, a protocol that should have resulted in slightly more sleep pressure buildup prior to each nap than the Buysse study. Similar to the present findings, they found a reduced rhythm of REM sleep in the older subjects, and reduced sleep efficiency in the late morning-early afternoon hours in the older subjects.10 As in the study by Haimov and Lavie, they also found that their older subjects fell asleep more quickly during the wake maintenance zone, resulting in more total sleep during that time.9 Münch et al10 concluded that there is a decreased circadian arousal signal in older subjects, as evidenced by the increased sleep during the wake maintenance zone, shorter REM durations and increased subjective sleepiness in the late afternoon/evening (something not seen in the Buysse study). Dijk et al used a 28hour forced desynchrony protocol in which subjects were scheduled to be awake for 18:40 and then scheduled to sleep for 9:20 for 4 weeks.6 They also found evidence for age-related changes in circadian sleep-wake rhythms. Similar to the present study by Buysse et al, they found lower sleep efficiency at all circadian phases in older subjects and increased frequency of awakenings in older subjects. While that study protocol was similar to the Buysse study in that it scheduled sleep episodes across all circadian phases, the longer day length (28 hours vs. 1.5 hours) allowed greater levels of homeostatic sleep pressure to build up prior to each scheduled sleep episode. This allowed Dijk et al to explore interactions between circadian and sleep-dependent influences on sleep. They found significant interactions between circadian phase and time-within-sleep, especially on the ability to maintain sleep. Their older subjects had higher levels of wakefulness within sleep at all circadian phases regardless of whether the sleep occurred at the beginning or end of the scheduled opportunity. However, towards the end of the scheduled sleep opportunity, the older people showed greater levels of sleep disruption, especially when the end of sleep was scheduled at an adverse circadian phase. Buysse's results are in agreement with this, in that they found overall changes in circadian sleep propensity with Increased Sleep Disruption, Reduced Sleepiness in Older Subjects?


Objective:To study the correlation between the cardiac structure abnormalities,left ventricular systolic dysfunction and the ischemic cerebral stroke by transthoracic echoeardiography(TTE). Methods:A total of 296 patients were divided into two groups,new ischemic cerebral stroke group(stroke group)and control group according to case-control study.The differences of cardiac structure and function detected by TTE were analyzed in both groups.The risk factors of ischemie cerebral stroke were selected from the statistic data. Results:The left ventrieular posterior wall with interventricular septum thickness and left ventricular mass index(LVMI)in new ischemic cerebral stroke group were significantly higher than those in control group(P0.01),the occurrence of aortic calci- fication in stroke group was also higher than in control group(P0.05).The stroke volume(SV),cardiac output(CO)and ejection fraction(EF)in stroke group were significantly lower than those in control group(P0.05~0.01).The Logistic analy- sis indicated that left ventrieular hypertrophy(LVH),left ventrieular systolic dysfunction(EF≤0.50),and aortic valve calcifica- tion were the independent risk factors for predicting the occurrence of isehemic cerebral stroke.The more the risk factors were,the higher the occurrence of the stroke would be. Conclusions:Intervention should be applied early if LVH and cardiac valve calcification were detected in patients with hy- pertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease and lipid metabolism disorder.There was significant correlation between mild left ven- tricular systolic dysfunction and iscbemic cerebral stroke.


Gene 32 from bacteriophage T4 is transcribed as precursor transcripts which are processed to a stable product. This processing of the gene 32 mRNA was observed in RNase III or P‐deficient strains of Escherichia coli. However, after infection of an RNase E‐deficient strain, the amount of processed transcript was significantly reduced while the levels of the precursor transcripts remained high. RNase E therefore appears to have an essential role in the processing of the gene 32 mRNA. We have mapped the exact 5′ end of the processed transcript by primer extension. The cleavage occurs near a stem‐loop structure at a site which shows some similarity to other known RNase E cleavage sites. The effects of the processing on the differential stability of the upstream and downstream sequences, and on gene expression, are discussed.


Title: Abstract Purpose – Investigation of the importance of political connections in the emerging market context. Design/methodology/approach – Case study analysis of three Russian pharmaceutical firms is analyzed to uncover how they performed through the Russian transition–the institutional upheaval of the 1990s and the ongoing state-led industrialization. Findings – In the early years of transition, firms heavily rely on political networking to gain legitimacy and fill institutional voids. As institutions strengthen, the need for political networking is being substituted by arms-length networking. Strengthening of institutions also results in a more stable business environment, evolving firms' strategies from short-term core competency concentration to long-term innovative visions. Research implications – Firms operating in the Russian, Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) and some other Eastern European state domains must be wary of complex ties that are prevalent in these countries and often can assist or hinder firm performance. Although formal institutions strengthen arms-length networks, close cooperation between strategic firms and the state remains. Originality/value – The paper proposes two phases of the Russian transition and provides a taxonomy of strategic choices of Russian firms during the transition. Further, the paper describes the key institutional developments in the two phases of the Russian transition. Finally, a framework of political connections and their role in business operations in the two phases of the transition is provided.


Bi2V2O7 nano powders were synthesized via a solid state reaction at 500 °C for 8 h using Bi(NO3)3 and VO(acac)2 at stoichiometric 1 : 1 Bi : V molar ratio as raw materials. The synthesized material was characterized by the powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) technique and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Structural analysis was performed by the FullProf program employing profile matching with constant scale factors. The results showed that the pattern had a main Bi2V2O7 structure with a space group of Fdm. Lattice parameters were found as a = b = c = 10.259079 A, α = γ = β = 90°. FESEM and TEM images showed that the synthesized Bi2V2O7 particles had mono-shaped sphere morphologies. Ultraviolet-visible spectrum analysis showed that the nanostructured Bi2V2O7 powders possessed strong light absorption properties in the ultraviolet light region. Catalytic performance of the synthesized nanomaterial was also investigated in Biginelli reactions which showed excellent efficiency.


This paper extends an existing visualization, the Parallel Coordinates Plot (PCP), specifically its polar coordinate representation, the $\textit{Polar Parallel Coordinates Plot (P2CP)}$. With the additional incorporation of techniques borrowed from Hive Plot network visualizations, we demonstrate improved capabilities to explore multidimensional data in flatland, with a particular emphasis on the unique ability to represent 3-dimensional data. To demonstrate these techniques on P2CPs, we consider toy data, the Iris dataset, and socioeconomic data for counties in the United States. We conclude with an exploration of Covid-19 data from counties in the contiguous United States.


The aim of the paper is to describe the voting behaviour of various social and demographic groups of voters in the early general election in 1998. It firstly compares the electorates of the left and of the non-left. Secondly it compares the electorate of particular left-wing parties (ČSSD and KSČM) and the electorate of particular non-left-wing parties (ODS, US, KDU-ČSL). Thirdly it focuses on the similarities and dissimilarities of ODS and ČSSD voters. In addition to this three levels of comparison it also deals with the changes in the voting behaviour between the 1996 and 1998 general elections. Finally it presents the profile of a typical voter of each of the parliamentary parties, e.g. ČSSD, ODS, KSČM, US and KDU-ČSL. Czech Sociological Review, 2000, Vol. 8 (No. 1: 7-26) 1. An Outline of the Pre-Election Situation Although this article deals with the voting behaviour of different groups of voters in the early parliamentary elections of 1998, there is no alternative but to start with the results of the elections of 1996, which had a significant impact on subsequent development. The 1996 elections to the Chamber of Deputies, which brought major gains for the Czech Social Democratic Party (ČSSD), resulted in a situation that has been described as political stalemate, because the parties of the governing coalition (the Civic Democratic Party (ODS), the Christian Democratic Union-Czech People's Party (KDU-ČSL), and the Civic Democratic Alliance (ODA)) lost their parliamentary majority, and were therefore unable to put together a stable majority government. In comparison with 1992, the elections of 1996 also brought a distinct weakening of the position of the largest right-wing party (ODS) inside the coalition, since among those who voted for the coalition, the proportion of KDU-ČSL voters increased at the expense of ODS voters, while the proportion of ODA voters remained unchanged [see Řeháková 1998]. The coalition of right-wing parties formed a minority government that lacked internal cohesion. A political struggle therefore took place on two levels: between left and right, but also within the right. During 1997, economic problems began to grow, and the governing parties found it difficult to reach consensus on how to tackle them. A quantity of sleazy affairs, frauds, internal pillaging of banks and investment funds continued to emerge, as well as the first scandals relating to the funding of political parties. As was *) This work was part of the grant project "Sociální trendy" funded by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (Grant No. 403/96/K120) and the grant project "Sociální problémy, sociální politika a sociální struktury" funded by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (grant No. 403/96/0386). **) Direct all correspondence to Blanka Řeháková, Institute of Sociology AV ČR, Jilská 1, 110 00 Praha 1, e-mail: email@example.com Czech Sociological Review, VIII, (1/2000) 8 clear from a wide range of surveys, public satisfaction with the economic and social situation, and especially with the political climate, began to fall sharply. All this found logical expression in changes in voting preferences for the individual political parties. Polls taken using questions of the type, "Which political party would you vote for if elections to the Chamber of Deputies were held next week?" showed that potential ČSSD voters were consistently growing in numbers, while ODS was continually losing ground. Preferences for KDU-ČSL and ODA were fluctuating and expressed reactions to their policies of the day, with the additional factor, in the case of ODA, of public expectations of change in the party leadership. People began to talk seriously of the necessity for early parliamentary elections. Scandals linked to the funding of ODS were apparently the last straw, causing the disintegration of the coalition. In the Autumn of 1997 the coalition fell and there was a split in ODS that resulted in the founding of the Freedom Union (US). This created an entirely new political situation, in which at the beginning of 1998 the decision was taken to hold early elections in June of that year. A caretaker government led by prime minister Tošovský and composed of members of KDU-ČSL, ODA, US and a number of non-party figures gained a temporary and politically limited mandate. ODS, which took no share in putting together the government, went into the opposition and lost a significant proportion of its voters. After the crisis in ODS, the smaller ODA came into difficulties as well. Scandals linked to sponsorship gifts to the party almost led to its extinction. Most of its leaders abandoned it, and were followed by its voters. When its support had dropped to a mere one percent, ODA decided to field no candidates in the early parliamentary elections. In the spring of 1998 a whole series of other scandals came to light (such as the ČSSD Bamberg Affair, and new obscurities surrounding sponsorship gifts to ODS), but these no longer had such perceptible effects, since it appears that the main shift of voting preferences to the left had already taken place during 1997 [see Řeháková 1998]. One of the new parties hoping to win parliamentary seats in the early elections was the Pensioners for Social Security Party (DŽJ), whose supporters increased rapidly, even though the party was often branded as being further to the left than the Communist party (KSČM). The early parliamentary elections brought some immediate surprises. The first was the resurrection of ODS, which had attracted only 10% of voter preferences at the beginning of 1998 but captured 27.7% in the actual elections, which represented a loss of less than 2% as compared with the elections of 1996. Another surprise was the failure of the Republicans (SPR-RSČ) and the DŽJ to win the 5% share necessary for representation in the Chamber of Deputies. While some political scientists had predicted this result, the pre-election polls had been far more equivocal. For example, according to one poll by the STEM agency in April 1998 there was almost 7% support for the SPR-RSČ and 5% for the DŽJ. The winning ČSSD won 32.3% of the votes, which was almost 6% more than in the previous elections. The KDU-ČSL and the KSČM improved their positions by almost one percent to 9.0% and 11.0% respectively. The US result of 8.6% was sufficient for the party to gain parliamentary seats, but was still below the expectations raised by preelection polls in March and April 1998 (according to STEM preference for the US had risen as high as 18% in April 1998). The left-wing parties as a whole (the ČSSD, KSČM, DŽJ, LB, and SDL in 1996 and the ČSSD, KSČM, and DŽJ in 1998) registered a 5% growth in votes (a rise from 41.4% to 46.4%), while the non-left, including the right-wing Blanka Řeháková: The Early Parliamentary Elections of 1998: An analysis of voting behaviour 9 parties and one centre party (ODS, KDU-ČSL, ODA, DEU, ČP in 1996, and ODS, KDUČSL, US, DEU in 1998), lost overall only 0.1% (a fall from 46.9% to 46.8%). The 5% gain by the left was therefore at the expense of the other parties standing, which together won only 6.8%, while in the previous elections they had won 11.7%. Five of the thirteen parties standing got into parliament, as compared to six parties out of sixteen in 1996. 2. Surveys Used and Characteristics Analysed We use data from polls conducted on both election days among voters leaving randomly selected polling stations during the elections in 1996 and 1998. Both polls were carried out by the firms IFES and SC&C for Czech Television, on a sample of 13,792 voters in 1996 and 13,388 in 1998. Stratified cluster sampling was used for selection of voting precincts, and systematic sampling for the voters. This meant for random sample from the group of all persons taking part in the elections, and not from the set of all citizens of the Czech Republic with the right to vote. A survey of this kind (known as an exit poll) is conducted by asking voters leaving the polling stations to fill in a short questionnaire in which the key question is which party they have just given their vote to. There are further questions relating to highest achieved education, main employment, religious affiliation and the party for which they voted in the previous election. In 1998 there was also a question asking when the voter had decided on which way they would vote. The polls did not involve any questions on attitudes, and therefore analysis of voter motivation is not possible. The primary purpose of exit polls is to create a forecast of election results for television and radio before the real results become available. The first forecasts are usually made public immediately after the polling stations close and are then continuously adjusted as the Central Electoral Commission gradually releases the real results from the individual constituencies. After declaration of the final results the sample is then reweighted so that the performance of the individual parties as reflected in the exit poll matches that of their real performance. This is sociologically valuable evidence because it provides a series of other kinds of data about voters, and so makes possible an analysis of voting behaviour at real, not hypothetical elections. 3. Method of Data Processing The processing of the data is based primarily on logit and multinomial logit models which are a special case of log-linear models. Their special character lies in the fact that in the group of categorised variables analysed, one is defined as the variable to be explained and the others as explanatory variables. They take their name from the term "logit" which is the logarithm of the proportion of two numbers. Logit models are created specifically for logits and, by derivation for the proportion of two frequencies, for example for the proportion of the number of women who vote for the left to the number of women who do not vote for the left. This particular proportion is then te


In the opening sentence of this book, Peng establishes the work's tone by writing, "strategy is about competing and winning" (p. 1). Peng's book is very much written from the perspective of an author focused on the practical nuances of strategic management. For this reason it may not appeal to everyone, particularly to those without at least a slight functionalist bent. And yet, for the individual seeking an empirically rich introduction to the many ways in which strategic management might be applied to firms situated in economies undergoing transition, the work has many winning qualities. The book's interdisciplinary, focused integration of strategic management concepts and current theoretical movements in the social sciences, most notably institutional economics, organization theory, and economic sociology, is particularly impressive. So, too, is the book's successful conveyance of how this linked set of knowledge pertains to firms situated in economies undergoing transformations to market-based systems. In fact, Business Strategies in Transition Economies is the first comprehensive analysis examining the role of strategic management for firms in transition economies.


Glandless cotton (cotton plants without gossypol) can potentially widen cottonseed use beyond ruminant animal feed and increase the value of cotton seeds due to absence of gossypol. However, since gossypol is a natural defense mechanism against pests, glandless cotton is subject to a higher pest pressure, which may affect lint and seed yields. Previous research efforts have shown that glandless cotton has high susceptibility to chewing, piercing and sucking insect pests such as lygus and boll weevil, and vertebrate pests (Benedict et al., 1977; Jenkins et al., 1966), and this led to severe yield losses. New Mexico has lower insect pressure than most other areas of the cotton belt and might be an area where glandless cotton is a viable crop.


In the following three fragments, I illustrate how I am learning to practice reflexivity through the arts—with a story, piano improvisation, and poem—to evoke possibilities for more empathetic and humanistic ways of teaching and learning that embody what truly matters at the heart of children's lived and living experiences of exploring music and piano playing. I integrate text, digitally edited photographs, and music video as artistic expressions of my praxis toward more heartful, healing, and joyful ways of teaching and learning.


The present invention is a reversible, a disposable bioreactor comprising a sensor arrangement for measuring the physical quantity of possible containing medium mounted externally. Electronic sensor array to interact with the medium flowing through the peripheral pipes (14, 16, 18) in (34,38; 42; 44a, 44b, 46,48) sensor adapter for receiving (28) of the sensor adapter inner boundary surfaces (32a, 32b; 42; 44a, 44b, 46,48) by at least one of the bioreactors of the peripheral pipe (14, 16, 18) used for supplying or discharging the medium It is integrated. Wherein the sensor adapter (28), as the peripheral pipe (14, 16, 18) inserts extending into, it mounted on the peripheral pipe (14, 16, 18), through which flow by containing medium.


This design research examines how site-specific performance can activate engagement with the spatial politics of contested Australian landscapes. The research has been carried out through a series of iterative performances situated within a variety of contested spatial contexts, each centred on the semiotic potential of pianos as cultural artefacts of European origins. Emerging from the iterative project work are a series of four operations that include Spatial Inversions, Instrumentalising, Spatial Tuning and Cultural Burning. Synthesized as a concluding performance within the decommissioned Pentridge Prison, the research offers this combined set of operations as a methodological contribution to the field of critical spatial practice1, with capacity to activate new spatio-political formations and critical engagement in the spatial politics of contested landscapes. Consistent across the body of iterative project work is an exploration of the performative relations between spectatorship, action, and spatial contexts. In investigating these performative relations, research data collected includes video, audio and photographic performance documentation, diagramming, surveys, interviews, journaling, and structured reflective writing. The data collected has been interpreted using multiple modes of analysis, including reflective analysis, semiotic analysis, critical discourse analysis, and phenomenological analysis. The project work is framed within an existing field of practice in which a variety of creative practitioners engage pianos as performative devices to renegotiate situations, subjects and environments. Providing an overview of research undertaken over a period of five years between 2012-17, this paper contributes to design research by providing new creative practice knowledge to how site-specific performance can activate engagement in the spatial politics of contested urban and rural landscapes of Australia.


Alkali-activated slag has a higher resistance against exposure to high temperature compared to ordinary Portland cement concrete. Nevertheless, its mechanical properties are also deteriorated due to partial decomposition of the C-A-S-H matrix. This paper investigates the effect of various curing regimes applied to the samples which were exposed to temperature 200–1200 °C on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the alkali-activated slag/limestone blends. The amount of limestone was 15% from the mass of slag. On set of specimens was treated on air at laboratory conditions, the second set was immersed in water and the last was treated stored in humid chamber with 95% relative humidity for the period of 60 days. The results showed that water curing has a strong positive influence on the compressive as well as flexural strength of the specimens exposed to temperatures up to 600 °C. Specimens which were exposed to 800 and 1000 °C showed the best performance after treatment in humid chamber, and after exposure to 1200 °C the best compressive strength exhibited the air cured samples.


K. Shrivastava and S. Duraphe proposed the concept of orders of any element [3] or set [4] in a topological space. In [5], K. Shrivastava and V. Iyer have established various results based on the concepts coined in [3] and [4]. In this paper, an algorithm is discussed which will help to find this order of any element or set with respect to the topological space. In this digital era, everyone wants answer at the click of the button. So, the need for finding such algorithms for any problem is the need of an hour. The python code is proposed which will help in forming the topological space of the given set with any number of elements with its basis. Also, it can compute the order of any element or set of the topological space. This code will simplify the task of forming the topology on any set, even though if the number of elements in set or the number of sets in the basis becomes very large.


Recent research revealed potentials to develop polymer matrix composite foams filled with thermally conductive filler network as light-weight thermal management materials. Since polymeric foams are commonly used for thermal insulation, the concept of thermally conductive polymer matrix composite foams seems to be counter-intuitive, and the underlying factors that govern polymer matrix composite foam's effective thermal conductivity (keff) were not clear. In this context, this paper develops new models to predict polymer matrix composite foams' keff and to elucidate the dependence of keff on their cellular morphology. Linear low density polyethylene–hexagonal boron nitride composite foams were used as case examples to verify the model. The model demonstrated that the composite foam's keff would be promoted when the volume expansion was over a threshold percentage. At low hexagonal boron nitride loadings (e.g. 10 vol.%) and fixed cell size, linear low density polyethylene–hexagonal boron nitride foams' keff increased with volume expansion percent through an increase in cell population density. Constrained foaming with preferential expansion in the heat flow direction also enhanced their keff.


Electric field gradient (EFG) tensor arises out of asymmetry in charge distribution around a nucleus in atoms, molecules and crystals. In case of metallic crystals, inhomogeneous electric field can result both due to ions and electrons. The conduction electrons and core orbital electrons in polarized probe produce an electronic EFG, while distant ions produce lattice EFG at probe's nucleus. The total EFG is the sum of these two terms, and is usually obtained by standard experimental methods. By performing lattice summations one getslattice EFG. The electronic EFG is obtained by subtracting the lattice EFG from the total EFG. In this work, we obtain both the lattice and electronic contribution theoretically for tetragonal close packed (TCP) metals at several temperatures. Effect of core polarization has been accounted by using Sternheimer anti shielding factor, and that of temperature on EFG is obtained through temperature-variation in axial ratio (c/a) of the metal concerned. Calculations for InIn and SnSnindicate that EFG does not follow the usual T3/2-law in TCP metals above 100 K. As the axial ratio tends towards unity, total EFG in these metals tends towards zero.


OBJECTIVE
To report two cases of appendiceal mucocele in patients with suspected gynecological pathology.

DESIGN
Case report.

SETTING
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Faculty of Charles University and Faculty Hospital Hradec Králové.

SUBJECT AND METHOD
We report two cases of appendiceal mucocele diagnosed and treated at our department.

CONCLUSION
Appendiceal mucocele is a rare pathology, characterized by abnormal accumulation of mucous in appendix lumen. It is four times more common in females with a mean age of about 55 years. The pathogenesis could be neoplastic or non-neoplastic. Appendiceal mucocele with its anatomic location must be considered in terms of differential diagnosis of masses in pelvic region. Preoperative diagnosis is important, alerting the surgeon of an unintended rupture during surgery and avoiding the development of pseudomyxoma peritonei. US and CT were reported to be valuable.


Covering70%oftheearth'ssurface,withanaveragedepthof 3.6km, the ocean's total volume of 1.3 billion cubic kilometres represents perhaps the largest inhabitable space in the biosphere. Within this vast ecosystem, 90% of all living biomass is microbial. Indeed, seawater from all marine environments, ranging from the warm and sunlit upper ocean to the cold, dark and anoxic deep sea floor, and from the tropics to the arctic, is teeming with microbial life. A single teaspoon of seawater typically contains over 50millionviruses,5millionBacteria,100,000Archaeaand 50,000 eukaryotic microbes. The numerical importance of these microbes is matched only by their ecological and biogeochemical significance. By performing the bulk of oceanic primary production and mediating key chemical transformation processes, planktonic microbes form the base of the marine food-web and are the engines that drive the ocean's major biogeochemical cycles (Figure 1). While marine microbes are the dominant biological feature throughout the entire water column and within ocean sediments, as well as being important symbionts and pathogens of marine animals and plants, this review will focus on the activity and diversity of microbes inhabiting seawater in the upper sun-lit depths of the global ocean.


The present invention relates to a method for producing a nanoporous polymeric molding material, the method comprising the steps of: a) preparing a multiphase polymer mixture having domains 5-200nm, b) impregnated with a blowing agent to the polymeric mixture, wherein the solubility of the blowing agent in the phase forming the domains is at least twice as high as the phase o, c) by adding the polymer mixture into the mold cavity and in which the expansion of the blowing agent comprising heterophasic polymer mixture expands, thereby obtaining a molding.


The work deal with numerical modeling of the air cooling of cylindrical billet. The solution is carried out taking into account the dynamics of environmental air, radiation heat transfer, turbulence of the flow and conjugate heat transfer. The modeling process was realized in the accordance with a scheme of manufacturing of alloys with the structure of lower carbide-free bainite. A mathematical model has been developed by means of the finite-volume software Ansys CFX. The most effective mechanisms to control the cooling speed of the billet have been identified during numerical experiments.


The aim of this paper is to determine the heat transfer properties of biaxial carbon fabrics of different architectures, including non-crimp stitch bonded fabrics, plain, twill and satin woven fabrics. The specific heat capacity was determined via DSC (differential scanning calorimetry). A novel method of numerical analysis of temperature maps from a video using a high-resolution thermal camera is investigated for the measurement of the in-plane and transverse thermal diffusivity and conductivity. The determined thermal conductivity parallel to the fibers of a non-crimp stitch bonded fabric agrees well with the theoretical value calculated employing the rule of mixtures. The presence of voids due to the yarn crossover regions in woven fabrics leads to a reduced value of transverse thermal conductivity, especially in the single ply measurements of this study.


The stability behaviour of AlN(0001)/NbB2(0001) interface was calculated by first-principle total-energy density functional theory. The calculation indicated that the stable NbB2(0001) surface is B terminated. We joined the AlN(0001) slab and the NbB2(0001) slab with different terminations together to construct all possible AlN(0001)/NbB2(0001) interface models, and calculated their interface energies to confirm the relatively stable model. We concluded that the structure with Al is on top of B in the interface AlN (0001)/NbB2(0001) is the most stable configuration.


This paper proposes a sensorless control system based on extended Kalman filter (EKF) for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM). The EKF equations are built in rotor flux oriented synchronous coordinate, so it can easily be used for either non-salient or salient pole motors. Inertia and other mechanic parameters are not needed in this observer. Rotor speed and position can be estimated exactly and then a sensorless control system is built. The initial rotor position and the mechanic parameters are not needed in this system. By some compensation in observer equations, the observer can be always stable and has only one expected equilibrium point. So the motor can start up from any unknown initial positions.


Literature shows a lack of works based on non-invasive methods for computing the propagation coefficient γ, a complex number related to dynamic vascular properties. Its imaginary part is inversely re- lated to the wave speed C through the relationship C = ω/Im(γ), while its real part a, called attenuation, represents loss of pulse energy per unit of length. In this work an expression is derived giving the propa- gation coefficient when assuming a pulsatile flow through a viscoelastic vessel. The effects of physical and geometrical parameters of the tube are then studied. In particular, the effects of increasing the reflection coefficient, on the determination of the propagation coefficient are investigated in a first step. In a second step, we simulate a variation of tube length under physiological conditions. The method developed here is based on the knowledge of instantaneous velocity and radius values at only two sites. It takes into account the presence of a reflection site of unknown reflection coefficient, localised in the distal end of the vessel. The values of wave speed and attenuation obtained with this method are in a good agreement with the theory. This method has the advantage to be usable for small portions of the arterial tree. PACS. 47.15.-x Laminar flows - 47.90.+a Other topics in fluid dynamics


Abstract Introduction: Home devices for acne vulgaris have emerged as a way to utilize our current light based technology for the care of our patients suffering from acne vulgaris. Materials and methods: Patient received eight treatments with the Silk'n Blue device over a 4-week period. Follow-up visits were at 1 month and 3 months. Results: Seventeen subjects were entered into this institutional review board (IRB) approved clinical research project. There was a statistically significant decrease in mean acne counts from baseline through the follow-up visits, p = 0.002. Percent reduction was also statistically significant, p = 0.041. The study also showed that 36.4% of the patients had complete clearance with the study device. 100% of the patients showed full comprehension with the label for the device. There were no adverse events. Photos were captured. Discussion: The Silk'n Blue device has an array of 24 LEDs emitting a spectrum of light in the blue-violet range of light (405–460 nm). Subjects enrolled in this clinical trial clearly were able to understand the labeling for the device. Conclusions: The Silk'n Blue device is a safe efficacious at home device for the treatment of mild to moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris.


importance, as they generally fall by the wayside in virtually all discussions of pre-colonial African communities, the roles and positions of women and children in the course of caravan safaris is also dealt with. Indeed, within the context of the safari, Rockel asserts that, ''caravan women were pioneers who asserted a degree of female autonomy not available to most nineteenth-century East African women'' (p. 128). The concept of joking relationships (utani), which existed between ethnic communities in east Africa, was developed by carriers in such a way as to ensure the security, sustenance, and survival of porters in an environment which was beset by all manner of instability (pp. 197–208). These issues and ways of doing became ''the standards that were accepted by newcomers until the disruption of colonial conquest'' (p. 65). The imposition of colonial rule brought about structural changes in the relationship that had hitherto existed between labour and transport in central Africa. Rockel notes: ''For Europeans, a way of life [as porters and those associated therewith] for hundreds of thousands, indeed millions, throughout sub-Saharan regions became a feature denoting 'backwardness', an anachronistic waste of labor, to be made redundant by modernization and investment in railways and then abolished as soon as possible by colonial governments'' (p. 5). Although the bulk of Rockel's work concentrates on the geographical area that became known as German East Africa, Rockel has chosen not to cite any German archives; in addition, a number of the German publications referred to in the bibliography have been misspelled. Possibly, further research in German language sources will add to what is already a first-rate piece of work. It is unfortunate that the publishers have treated this excellent book so shoddily; a book of this quality deserves more respect. A number of picture and figure captions have been botched during layout, with whole lines missing (pp. 102, 106, 126, 224). Unfortunately this unwarranted butchering has even been carried over into the actual body of the text. As such chapters 7 and 8 end in mid-sentence, with the reader wondering what Rockel's final words were. Undoubtedly, many professional labour theorist's will have qualms about Rockel's work, and the extent to which the concept of ''crew culture'' obscures more than that it illuminates remains debatable. However, Rockel's strength lies not in his ability to construct and deconstruct elegant theories relating to forms and categories of labour; instead, his strength lies in the hard labour of the historian's craft in bringing together all manner of sources and references to reconstruct the daily ''lived'' lives of a very particular group of working people in Africa's past. Indeed, Rockel's work illuminates a hitherto completely overlooked aspect of African history, and as such his work will remain the touchstone for any professional interested in the relationship between labour and transport in Africa for many years to come.


Background  Actinomycetoma is a chronic occupational condition that occurs frequently in tropical regions. In Mexico 85% of cases are caused by Nocardia brasiliensis. There are two treatments of choice for these cases: a regimen of dapsone plus trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (co‐trimoxazole) and, recently, amikacin, either alone or combined. However, not all cases respond properly to these therapies.


Self-optimization simulation is an optimal technology, it has been already generally used in water resource system. Other than normal simulation technology, it adds feedback and online identification. However, the theoretical basis of self-optimization is not finished. The core of self-optimization, that is, the existence of it's optimal decision region, is still open. We have proved this problem for the operation of single reservoir in this paper, which solved the theoretical basis of self-optimization simulation practice.


The paper compares two fast algorithms, the normalized correlation algorithm and the generalized phase correlation algorithm, used for images superposition in aircraft map-matching navigation systems. It is shown that the normalized correlation algorithm appers to be more resistant to various geometry and brightness distortions.


1 The effect of the agonist ATP on whole cell currents of Xenopus oocytes expressing either the wild‐type human P2X7 receptor (hP2X7), an N‐terminally hexahistidyl‐tagged hP2X7 receptor (His‐hP2X7), or a truncated His‐hP2X7 receptor (His‐hP2X7ΔC) lacking the C‐terminal 156 amino acids was investigated using the two‐microelectrode voltage clamp technique. 2 The activation time course of the wild‐type hP2X7 receptor can be described as the sum of an exponentially growing and an additional almost linearly activating current component. 3 The amplitude of the exponentially activating current component of the wild‐type hP2X7 receptor displayed a biphasic dependence on the agonist concentration, which could be best approximated by a model of two equal high‐sensitivity and two equal low‐sensitivity non‐cooperative activation sites with apparent dissociation constants of about 4 and 200 μm free ATP4‐, respectively. 4 The linearly activating current was monophasically dependent on the agonist concentration with an apparent dissociation constant of about 200 μm. 5 The contribution of the low‐sensitivity sites to current kinetics was reduced or almost abolished in oocytes expressing His‐hP2X7 or His‐hP2X7ΔC. 6 Our data indicate that the hP2X7 receptor possesses at least two types of activation sites, which differ in ATP4‐ sensitivity by a factor of 50. The degree of occupation of these two sites influences both activation and deactivation kinetics. Both N‐ and C‐terminal domains appear to be important determinants of the current elicited by activation of the sites with low ATP sensitivity, but not for that mediated by the highly ATP‐sensitive sites.


The dehydration kinetics of dl- and l-aspartic acid, either in the absence or presence of phosphoric acid, from 323 to 573K were studied with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and the polymerization of dl-aspartic acid was studied by a thin-layer polymerization method. The results revealed that the dehydration of both type aspartic acids proceeds in two steps: the first step might be the loss of one water molecule through the reaction of an amino group of one aspartic acid molecule and a hydroxyl of carboxyl group of another aspartic acid molecule, forming amide bonds, and the second step might be the loss of another water molecule through the amide hydrogen and another hydroxyl group, leading to the formation of succinimide ring. The kinetic parameters of the extrapolated onset temperatures of dehydration, the first and the second maximum were obtained by a method similar to the Ozawa–Flynn–Wall method. The results further revealed that the presence of phosphoric acid effectively catalyzed the dehydration of aspartic acid. In the synthesis of polyaspartate, only the product with molecular weight below 5000 was obtained in the absence of phosphoric acid. However, in the presence of phosphoric acid, the product with molecular weight up to 14,000 can be obtained.


From 1967 through 1987, 43 of primary malignant tumors of the small intestine were experienced at the First Department of Surgery, Nagasaki Uni- versity Hospital and affiliated hospital, and clinically analysed. 1) Carcinoma, leiomyosarcoma and malignant lymphoma occupied one third in number. The preferable location of carcinomas and malignant lymphomas was lower part of the small bowel although that of leiomyosarcoma was upper part. 2) Diagnosis was mainly made by means of laparotomy which was carried out by clinical signs of obstruction or peritonitis. poor prognosis attributed to exten- sion of a disease to nodes and liver. An early and accurate diagnosis of small bowel tumors is necessary for improving the survival rate.


A major trend in self-driving technology is to introduce new causal reasoning mechanisms for decision-making. This paper mainly discusses the problem of causal direction reasoning for nonlinear noisy data. The paper presents the errors-in-variables (EIV) system to construct a causality model and the Hilbert-Schmidt independence criterion (HSIC) to compute the dependence between variables. Then, the paper proposes a new method that is based on the EIV model and HSIC. In the proposed method, noise at both the input and output is considered simultaneously. The proposed method has strong robustness and maintains a relatively stable inference accuracy when the observational noise is considerable. Experiments on simulated and real-world data are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method.


Two students who had chosen compulsory health insurance versus voluntary health insurance for the theme of their project wrote to the American Medical Association, to senators, the Blue Cross Hospital Plan, and also to the Ministry of Health in London, England. The pros and cons of compulsory health insurance were presented on the bulletin board, and provisions were made for the viewers to cast votes. We had a very interesting display on cancer. The girls not only collected much valuable literature for our use, but they also obtained material for distribution to lay persons from the American Cancer Society. At the time this display was up we had "open house" and the visitors expressed a great deal of interest. The students drew some excellent charts to show the incidence of cancer in the various parts of the body. The importance of early detection was stressed and highlighted. The early danger signs stood out in bold relief. Microscopes were set up to show normal tissue and malignant tissue. X-ray films, accompanied by a brief interpretation were placed on a view-box. A specimen of a malignant uterus was borrowed from the laboratory for the occasion. The display attracted wide attention. Several members of the hospital staff came over to see it, we even had people in the community phoning to ask if it were open to the public. Soon our bulletin boards gained hospital-wide interest. Doctors, graduate nurses, and upperclassmen discussed them, and looked forward to each one as eagerly as we did. We had a total of nineteen displays. Each one was carefully planned and presented and we thought they were excellent. This project was stimulating in many ways. We learned how to look for sources of information, and to judge the reliability of the material by considering the bibliography, the author, and the logic of the article. We were amazed at the number of pharmaceutical houses and their extensive research programs. We learned that insurance companies were doing considerable research too. Learning by this method was both stimulating and fascinating. We sincerely hope that other students may be able to take part in a similar project. It has been wonderful! Our Bulletin Board Projects


Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of gastrodia and uncaria decoction combined with western medicine on hypertension with syndrome hyperactivity of liver-YANG.Methods 132 cases of hypertension with syndrome hyperactivity of liver-YANG were divided into two groups.66 patients in treatment group were treated by gastrodia and uncaria decoction combined with western medicine.66 cases in control group were treated by routine western medicine.Four Weeks was a course in two groups.The changes of blood pressure,symptoms,blood lipids,hemarheology and adverse effect were analyzed.Results The effective rate of depressurization in treatment group(84.85%) was higher than that in control group(66.67%,P0.05).The effective rate of clinical symptoms in treatment group(87.88%) was higher than that in control group(63.64%,P0.05).The improvement of TC and LDL-C in treatment group was superior to that in control group after treatment(P0.05).High shear viscosity,low shear viscosity,plasma viscosity and fibrinogen after treatment were reduced as compared with those before treatment in treatment group(P0.05).High shear viscosity in treatment group was lower than that in control group after treatment(P0.05).The mean flow velocities of anterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery and pulsatility index after treatment were improved as compared with those before treatment in treatment group(P0.05).Conclusion Gastrodia and uncaria decoction combined with western medicine has good effect on hypertension with syndrome hyperactivity of liver-YANG,and no adverse effect.


In many applications, a network has to be solved repeatedly while certain element values are changed. The computation is reduced significantly if the network functions are generated in terms of these variable parameters explicitly. This paper presents a method of doing this which requires the solution of the network with at most m+1 excitations when there are m variable parameters.


The invention discloses a mobile lifting platform labor-saving device, which consists of a chassis, a platform, a shearing fork rod, a pulley, a wire rope, and a wire rope loop cylinder, and is characterized in that the chassis of a vehicle is provided with the labor-saving device; when the mobile lifting platform is lifted initially, the labor-saving device is lifted firstly, and lifts the shearing fork rod through the wire rope with small force on an advantageous position, or pushes the shearing fork rod to lift through a hydraulic cylinder to increase the included angle on the ends of the shearing fork rod and reduce the stress of the shearing fork rod; and then the shearing fork rod gets rid of contacting the labor-saving device and is stressed in full load to lift. The various labor-saving devices improve the factor that the prior device is stressed adversely in initial lifting, and greatly reduce the stress of the shearing fork rod in the initial lifting. When the mobile lifting platform has the same load as the prior mobile lifting platform, the stress applied on the shearing fork rod in the initial lifting is about one fifteenth of that of the prior platform in the initial lifting, and the self weight of equipment can be reduced more then twice; and the labor-saving device has the advantages of simple operation and time conservation.