Compressed sensing (CS) has become a powerful tool to process data that is correlated in underwater sensor networks (USNs). Based on CS, certain signals can be recovered from a relatively small number of random linear projections. Since the battery-driven sensor nodes work in adverse environments, energy-efficient routing well-matched with CS is needed to realize data gathering in USNs. In this paper, a clustering, uneven-layered, and multi-hop routing based on CS (CS-CULM) is proposed. The inter-cluster transmission and fusion are fulfilled by an improved LEACH protocol, then the uneven-layered, multi-hop routing is adopted to forward the packets fused to sink node for data reconstruction. Simulation results show that CS-CULM can achieve better performances in energy saving and data reconstruction.


Robotic taxonomies serve as high-level hierarchical abstractions that classify how humans move and interact with their environment. They have proven useful to analyse grasps, manipulation skills, and whole-body support poses. Despite substantial efforts devoted to design their hierarchy and underlying categories, their use in application fields remains limited. This may be attributed to the lack of computational models that fill the gap between the discrete hierarchical structure of the taxonomy and the high-dimensional heterogeneous data associated to its categories. To overcome this problem, we propose to model taxonomy data via hyperbolic embeddings that capture the associated hierarchical structure. We achieve this by formulating a novel Gaussian process hyperbolic latent variable model that incorporates the taxonomy structure through graph-based priors on the latent space and distance-preserving back constraints. We validate our model on three different robotics taxonomies to learn hyperbolic embeddings that faithfully preserve the original graph structure. We show that our model properly encodes unseen poses from existing or new taxonomy categories, can be used to generate trajectories between the embeddings, and outperforms its Euclidean counterparts.


Under the impetus of the expansion of city size as well as the reform of railway transportation,suburban railway system has gradually merged into urban public transport system aiming at being the main means of long-distance transportation between center city and satellite town for commuters,which will be of great benefit to ensure the implement of city spatial development strategy and avoid the "over pie" pattern.According to the RP and SP data obtained from the residents trip survey along the suburban railway,travel behavior analysis is conducted,and three models which are respectively based on RP data,SP data and RP-SP combined data are built;by the contrast of three models' calculation results,it can be seen that RP/SP combined model not only takes advantage of the reliability of RP data but also corrects the bias of SP data,so it performs much more accurately and effectively.The paper also comes to another conclusion that fare reduction will lead to higher contribution rate of suburban railway.


ABSTRACT : This study aims to test and analyze factors that affect taxpayer intentions with variable attitudes, subjective norms, behavioral control, and the perspective of the Theory of Planned Behavior, which will all be tested either partially or simultaneously against taxpayer intentions. The population in the study was all Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) registered with the Office of Cooperatives and Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Pati Regency. The number of samples conducted in this study was 150 samples. Determination of the number of samples in this study using the Slovin formula. The data collection techniques in this study were used by sharing the questionnaire sheets and data analysis methods using multiple linear regressions with analysis tools using SPSS version 22. The study results show that variable attitudes affect taxpayers' intentions, with evidence of a significant value of  <0.1. Subjective norm variables affect taxpayers' intentions, as evidenced by a significant value of 0.000 < 0.05. Perceived behavioral control variables did not affect taxpayers, evidenced by a significantly higher value of 0.948 > 0.05.Keywords:  Attitudes, Subjective Norm, Perceived Behavioral Control,  Taxpayer Intentions. ABSTRAK : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi  niat wajib pajak dengan variabel sikap, norma subjektif, kontrol perilaku atau perspektif Theory of Planned Behavior yang keseluruhannya akan diuji baik secara parsial maupun secara simultan terhadap niat wajib pajak. Populasi pada penelitian adalah seluruh Usaha Mikro, Kecil, Menengah (UMKM) yang terdaftar pada Dinas Koperasi dan Usaha Mikro, Kecil, Menengah (UMKM) di Kabupaten Pati. Jumlah sampel yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini sebanyak 150 sampel. Penentuan jumlah sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan rumus Slovin. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan cara membagikan lembar kuesioner dan metode analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda dengan alat analisis menggunakan SPSS versi 22. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, yang pertama menunjukkan bahwa variabel sikap berpengaruh terhadap niat wajib pajak, dengan dibuktikan hasil dari nilai signifikan < 0,1. Variabel norma subjektif berpengaruh terhadap niat wajib pajak, dibuktikan dengan nilai signifikan 0,000 < 0,05. Variabel kontrol perilaku tidak berpengaruh terhadap wajib pajak, dibuktikan dengan nilai signifikan yang lebih tinggi, yaitu 0,948 > 0,05.Kata Kunci: Sikap, Norma Subjektif, Kontrol Perilaku, Niat Wajib Pajak


The split plot culture experiments with different planting densities(45.0×104,30.0×104,21.4×104 shoots/hm2) and basic seedling numbers(2,3,4 seedlings/shoot) were conducted to super hybrid early rice Luliangyou996.The results showed that different planting densities and basic seedling numbers all had significant impacts on yield.Under the experimental conditions in this paper,super hybrid early rice Luliangyou996 had the highest yield when planting density was 30.0×104 shoots/hm2 and 3 seedlings/shoot.


Let M be a compact d -dimensional submanifold of R N with reach τ and volume V M . Fix (cid:15) ∈ (0 , 1). In this paper we prove that a nonlinear function f : R N → R m exists with m ≤ C (cid:0) d/(cid:15) 2 (cid:1) log (cid:18) d √ V M τ (cid:19) such that holds for all x ∈ M and y ∈ R N . In effect, f not only serves as a bi-Lipschitz function from M into R m with bi-Lipschitz constants close to one, but also approximately preserves all distances from points not in M to all points in M in its image. Furthermore, the proof is constructive and yields an algorithm which works well in practice. In particular, it is empirically demonstrated herein that such nonlinear functions allow for more accurate compressive nearest neighbor classification than standard linear Johnson-Lindenstrauss embeddings do in practice.


Ultrasonic guided waves technology is introduced as a new non-destructive pipe inspection method for its rapid,long distance inspection and applied to special pipes which are inaccessible to other conventional NDT methods.It enjoys widespread use in the field of long range pipe inspection.The inspection distance,as the traveling range of guided waves one,is dependent on propagation characteristics of ultrasonic guided waves. Influence of transducer type,number and ring spacing on characteristics of excited signals is investigated and ultrasonic guided waves mode selection is discussed.The problem of optimum frequency selection is studied by taking example of longitudinal guided waves mode L(0,2).The correspondent parameters,such as pipe diame- ter,thickness and suppression of other waves modes are taken into account.The best experimental frequency result can be used as a reference for site inspection.


The use of multiple stable isotopes in the study of trophic relationships in temperate estuaries has usually been limited to euhaline systems, in which phytoplankton, benthic microalgae, andSpartina alterniflora are major sources of organic matter for consumers. Within large estuaries such as Chesapeake Bay, however, many species of consumers are found in the upper mesohaline to oligohaline portions. These lower salinity wetlands have a greater abundance of macrophytes that use C3 photosynthesis to fix carbon, in addition toS. alterniflora, which fixes carbon via the C4 photosynthetic pathway. In a broad survey of the biota and sediments of a brackish tidal creek tributary to Chesapeake Bay, combined δ13C and δ34S measurements disclosed a balanced contribution to secondary production from phytoplankton, C3 macrophytes,Spartina sp., and benthic microalgae. Surface sediment δ13C suggested that the organic matter from C3 plants was derived both from allochthonous sources (terrestrial runoff) and from autochthonous production (marsh macrophytes). Unlike most estuarine systems studied to date, which are dominated by algae (phytoplankton and benthic microalgae) and C4 macrophytes, C3 plants are of greater importance in the diets of consumers in this low-salinity creek system.


ume for more details of what musics are consumed on the ground, or suggesting what neighbouring genres are enjoyed in lieu of local ones. Volumes such as this provide great opportunity for amplification and silencing, and in the spirit of inclusion that the editors suggest, seeing the fullness of the continent would have made for a stronger volume. Second, the entries would have been made stronger by specific lists of artists who have participated the genres, called out at the end of each piece. This would go a long way toward the effort generally represented by this volume in verifying African popular music as a field of study, and toward valorising the efforts of artists who might otherwise be unknown outside of their particular milieux. Finally, this volume would have been made all the richer by a concluding piece that tied together some of the recurrent themes and ideas of the volume: the post-colonial moment, urbanisation, influence from abroad (especially from the African diaspora in the form of Caribbean music), and institutional support for popular music, for example. This snapshot statement would make the volume less evergreen, but it would have allowed the reader to benefit from the bird's eye view of the editors. This volume represents a wonderful step forward in the study of African popular music. It substantiates musical styles by having them in print and documents them at a moment in time such that change can be charted, especially important in the study of popular music where ephemerality can make that change so fast, a speed made faster by the digital age in which we currently live, on a continent still undergoing rapid development. Kudos to the editors, as despite the above critique, the quality of the volume reflects the great effort and acumen that went into its creation. This work would be useful for anyone interested in African popular music, whether that be the budding enthusiast or the scholar with a research project. As we endeavour to coach undergraduate students toward the proper use of resources like Wikipedia, sources like this well-curated volume offer an alternative that in digital form can be just as facile and offers far stronger content. This volume will be useful for teachers looking for additions to their world music, popular music, African music, and music industry courses. It is also a fantastic resource for librarians seeking to diversify their holdings on African popular music by way of the bibliographies contained in the entries. African popular music is making headway in the Western pop music scene by way of Afrobeats and the collaborations occurring between African and Western artists, opening interest for the West in African pop music more generally. That interest will make volumes like this an essential addition to any music library.


Observations on biology and damage caused by bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytidae) associated with Pinus brutia and Cupressus sempervirens , two conifers indigenous to northern Cyprus, done between December 2000 and August 2003 are reported. Insect life stages, breeding galleries and/ or damage caused by six species were detected: Orthotomicus erosus (Wollaston), Pityogenes calcaratus (Eichoff), P. pennidens (Reitter), Tomicus destruens (Wollaston) and T. minor (Hartig) on Pinus brutia and Phloeosinus armatus Reitter on Cupressus sempervirens . The most damaging species detected was Tomicus destruens , which was killing pines in groups of up to 30 trees. Other species typically killed single trees, small groups of 2-3 trees or confined their attacks to recently downed trees or storm-damaged material. Data


Abstract In this paper the author argues that the Christmas holidays, notwithstanding their international standing as a religious and commercial season, are most productively understood as a glocal phenomena, a concept intended to link the local with the global in a dialectics of homogenization and particularism. Juxtaposing data from Hungary and Eastern Europe, the author provides an anthropological analysis that highlights the transformative power Christmas traditions and Santa Claus have played in diverse cultural settings since the late twentieth-century. For even the imposition of communist ideology, conceived as a globalizing force, failed to eradicate images of Santa Claus; both his persona and that of his devilish imp, Krampus, survived such ruthless attempts at indoctrination with only the slightest of modifications. In view of its economic and cultural significance, this paper argues in favor of international recognition of Saint Nicholas day, December 6th, as a glocal civil holiday.


In this paper, we report our initial experience with multi- target imaging experiments. Our intent mimics that of our initial pass at single-target imaging; that is, to vary selected parameters over a modest range in order to demonstrate feasibility and quickly identify potential areas where performance degrades relative to single-target imaging studies. This work can then be supplemented with a more exhaustive and directed examination of certain imaging parameters in order to more fully identify the limitations of multi-target imaging in the laboratory. In order for this paper to be reasonably self-contained, we briefly and qualitatively review of our image reconstruction algorithm and our experimental procedures and parameters, the details of which have been discussed at length elsewhere.


By combing SM with the amplify-and-forward (AF) cooperative communication, the cooperative SM scheme with AF (AF-SM) is presented for obtaining superior performance. The bit error rate (BER) performance of AF-SM is investigated over Rayleigh channels. According to the performance analysis, a tightly upper bound of the output SNR is given, and the corresponding probability density function (PDF) is derived by means of the moment generating function (MGF). Based on the obtained PDF and MGF, the error probability of antenna index estimation (Pa) and the error probability of symbol estimation (Pd), which constitute the overall average BER, are derived, respectively. As a result, tightly approximate closed-form expressions of the Pa and Pd are obtained, respectively. With these expressions, the closed-form BER is achieved. These theoretical expressions can match the simulations well, and thus the BER performance of AF-SM can be effectively evaluated. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis, and the BER performance can be improved by increasing the receive antennas.


To identify the impact of "digitalization" of the financial market on the formation of savings of the population of the region, which is characterized by signs of development of the primary securities market, the article provides a comparative assessment of the relationship between changes in the investment activity of a private investor, expressed in changes in the number of individual investment accounts opened, and income from property. By identifying the nature of the correlation between the indicator of the investment activity of private investors in the Chechen Republic and their income from property, it has been established that income from property is mainly formed through the banking market using digital channels and individual investment accounts. The declining income from debt securities indicates that bank deposits are the main asset in individual investment accounts.


The design, construction, and testing of 300 mm barrel length × 40 mm diameter bore solid-projectile helical electromagnetic launcher (HEML) which is subsequently used to calibrate an accelerometer via the absolute calibration method is presented and discussed. The HEML barrel is constructed of G-10 epoxy-fiberglass and is able to accelerate a 600 gram projectile (consisting of projectile and accelerometer payload) to 10 meters per second. Other components of the experimental arrangement include a 19.25 kJ capacitive pulse forming network (PFN) to power the HEML, a command module (CM) to control charging and firing of the PFN, and a calibration table (CT). The HEML is evaluated in terms of peak acceleration, acceleration repeatability, and launcher lifetime. The HEML has been successfully fired over 250 times with only minimal periodic cleaning. From the 250 successful firings, a 75-shot test sequence is used to evaluate the HEML's performance, lifetime, and repeatability in this application. The mean acceleration was 500 gee with a sigma of 15 gee (3%) with standard process statistical variables remaining above 2 at ±100 gee (20%). Experimental data is compared to conventional accelerometer data. The results show that the HEML is capable of meeting the performance requirements and standards of a conventional accelerometer tester. Methods to improve this technology is also presented and discussed.


Polysaccharides and proteins are natural polymers that are widely used as functional ingredients for various food colloids or emulsion formulations. Majority of food emulsions are constituted with polysaccharide and protein combinations. They are the essential ingredients of any food colloid formulation mainly due to their ability to change product shelf life by varying food texture (Schmidt & Smith, 1992; Schorsch, Jones & Norton 1999). Their interaction in the formulation thus finds many applications particularly in new food formulation development. Due to complex formation and creation of nano or micro structures (aggregation and gelation behavior) they generally change the rheological properties of food colloids which may affect the food product texture and colloidal stability (Benichou, 2002; McClements, 2005, 2006, 2007; Dickinson, 2003). Polysaccharide and protein interactions in solution and interfaces have been studied by several groups (Dickinson, 2003, 2008; Bos V Carrera & Rodriguez Patino 2005; Kragel, Derkatch, & Miller, 2008; Koupantis, & Kiosseoglou, 2009; Mackie, 2009). However, despite the vast advancement made in the recent past, polysaccharide and protein interactions in food hydrocolloids continue to be one of the most challenging topics to understand.


Darwinian natural selection into the Synthetic Theory of Evolution. The realization that all basic processes of evolution occur in or among populations suggested that evolutionary processes at all levels could be extrapolated from observations on living populations. In plants, an active tradition in ecological genetics had prepared the ground for the Synthesis, and the new initiative of "biosystematics" made full use of experimental and analytical techniques for systematics, especially at the level of species. This development got caught up in the "hardening of the Synthesis", the defensive persistence on a simplified core theory in the face of challenges from known facts and new discoveries, especially in molecular genetics. Enzyme electrophoresis was the first molecular method to be introduced into population biology. The new results revealed unexpectedly high levels of variation within populations and precipitated discussion about the selective neutrality of protein polymorphisms. This discussion distracted attention from the population genetic basis of organismic evolution. Together with the widespread adoption of molecular marker methods at the expense of other approaches, population genetics was in danger of losing its central relevance and its variety of experimental approaches. Since the end of the 1970s, calls for new initiatives have drawn attention to the importance of historical contingency in evolution, especially in the form of developmental constraints. A population genetic application of these ideas initially faced immense technical problems. A succession of new molecular marker systems suitable for the genetic analysis of populations added new resolving power, but introduced new problems with the inference of processes from basically static and descriptive data. Only very recently, methods have advanced to the point that molecular markers can help in the experimental analysis of morphological and physiological evolution. The coming challenge will be to adapt results from detailed analyses of individual plants to broadly comparative population genetic studies. The accumulated new insights of the last 50 years show that the pervasive influence of historical contingency has non-trivial consequences for evolutionary biology and taxonomy. These are strikingly exemplified by a completely changed picture of genome structure and evolution. The time seems to be right for a paradigm shift in evolutionary biology.


Background.  The aim of this study was to assess the etiology and outcome of fetuses with functional heart disease as detected by echocardiography.


At present,non-governmental organizations have become very important in the con-struction of the northern gulf economic zone services.However,in practice,non-governmental orga-nizations faced with the problems such as lacking of governance functions and so on.Therefore,the non-governmental organizations need to strengthen the organization faith,to build social trust mech-anisms of non-governmental organizations,and to strengthen the co-operation with the government to enhance governance Performance of non-governmental organizations in the northern gulf economic zone.


Background: Reducing smoking in teenagers is an important public health intervention. Many prevention efforts are voluntary and participation may be affected by selection bias. Aim: to compare participants and non-participants in a voluntary smoking prevention program in teenagers. Method: Within the Obstructive Lung Disease in Northern Sweden (OLIN) studies, a population-based study of asthma and allergic diseases in schoolchildren started in 2006. In 2010, a questionnaire about asthma, allergic diseases and potential risk factors was completed at age 11-12y (n=2612, 95% of invited). A voluntary smoking prevention program in the study area invited a sample of the OLIN cohort (n=466) and 229 (49%) chose to participate. Results: Among the non-participants, the prevalence of boys (59% vs. 43%, p Conclusion: A selection bias was found as those in most need of smoking prevention, i.e. children having smoking parents and a lower SES, did not participate in the program.


Similar to elastic electron scattering, Compton Scattering on the proton at high momentum transfers(and high p⊥) can be an effective method to study its short-distance structure. An experiment has been carried out to measure the cross sections for Real Compton Scattering (RCS) on the proton for 2.3-5.7 GeV electron beam energies and a wide distribution of large scattering angles. The 25 kinematic settings sampled a domain of s = 5−11(GeV/c)2,−t = −7(GeV/c)2 and −u = 0.5−6.5(GeV/c)2. In addition, a measurement of longitudinal and transverse polarization transfer asymmetries was made at a 3.48 GeV beam energy and a scattering angle of θcm = 120o. These measurements were performed to test the existing theoretical mechanisms for this process as well as to determine RCS form factors. At the heart of the scientific motivation is the desire to understand the manner in which a nucleon interacts with external excitations at the above listed energies, by comparing and contrasting the two existing models – Leading Twist Mechanism and Soft Overlap "Handbag" Mechanism – and identify the dominant mechanism. Furthermore, the Handbag Mechanism allows one to calculate reaction observables in the framework of Generalized Parton Distributions (GPD), which have the function of bridging the wide gap between the exclusive(form factors) and inclusive(parton distribution functions) description of the proton. The experiment was conducted in Hall A of Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility(Jefferson Lab). It used a polarized and unpolarized electron beam, a 6% copper radiator with the thickness of 6.1% radiation lengths (to produce a bremsstrahlung photon beam), the Hall A liquid hydrogen target, a high resolution spectrometer with a focal plane polarimeter, and a photon hodoscope calorimeter. Results of the differential cross sections are presented, and discussed in the general context of the scientific motivation.


This section focuses on the role of parents towards their bullied children. Well-meaning parent statements are discussed and the significance of 'Shared Responsibility,' in this context is also conferred.


The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has a cockpit controversy on its hands. An agency rule prohibiting persons who are 60 years of age or older from serving as airline pilots has been in effect since 1960. Now the rule is coming under fire from Congress and the courts as being discriminatory. To try to resolve the question, the FAA has impaneled a group of experts from medicine and other disciplines to review what the scientific literature has to say about older pilots and safety. The panel, which meets in Denver in October, also will gather data on: Physiological and psychological changes in the aging process that might have subtle effects on pilot performance, how these might be identified, and what effect combinations of such changes might have. Any medical problems that should be watched for in older fliers. How, if the age-60 rule is held invalid, to predict a pilot's


Old age is a significant phase in a person's life. Prevalence of chronic diseases and functional disabilities increase steadily with ageing. 100 elderly people were selected by simple random sampling technique. Interview schedule was used to collect the data and the data was analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: The study reveals that majority of respondents prevalence score (43.45 %) were in the age group between 71 to 80 years, the obtained t' value was 9.86which is more than table value (7.82) at 5% level and the mean prevalence scores (43.22%) among elderly were high,The 't' value obtained 33.05 is more than table value (3.84) at 5% level.There is a significant association between prevalence of health problems of Elderly people with their age and present occupation.The study concluded that majority of elderly people are suffering with physical problems.


The title complex (PtL_2Cl_2) was synthesized by reacting 10-selenabenzo-15-crown-5 (L) with potassium chloroplatinite. Its catalytic activity for the hydrosilylation of olefins by triethoxysilane, was investi gated.


To meet the requirement on the excitation regulation of the huge hydro electric generator of future Three Gorges Hydro Power Plant,a Highly Reliable Intelligent Industrial Microcomputer_based Excitation Regulator has been successfully developed.The hybrid redundant fault_tolerant system configuration is applied to further enhance the reliability of such a system.Although that the hardware redundancy is at system level,the system with this configuration partly has redundant structure at function unit level by means of the division of information flow in subsystem and the exchange of information among subsystems.And moreover the voting mechanism of usual triplex redundant systems is replaced by an intelligent fault detection,voting and switching strategy.So the system can run in either triplex or duplex or single modular mode.The redundant resources can be exhaustively used.


The velocity‐field characteristic for electrons in GaAs has been measured in the negative differential mobility region between 4.5 and 11 kV/cm by a new direct method involving probe measurements on the surface of a bulk GaAs two‐port amplifier. The measurements were taken on GaAs of resistivity in the 500–1000 Ω‐cm range.


Investigation on knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of inhabitants and professionals for treatment, prevention and control of visceral leishmaniasis carried out on 519 inhabitants and 92 professionals of 6 districts (Panchagarh, Thakurgaon, Dinajpur, Bogra, Pabna and Shirajgonj) of Bangladesh. About 79.2% inhabitants agreed that they have heard about kala-azar disease. Regarding the transmission of kala-azar, 22.7% respondents answered by mosquito, about 38.3% said long period and irregular fever, 7.5% inhabitants knew enlargement of spleen and liver as sign and symptom of kala-azar. Among the professionals, about 80.4% of them have the correct knowledge regarding the specific agent (Leishmania donovani) of kala-azar. Investigation on knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of inhabitants and professional, 89.1% and 69.6% believe that spleen and liver are affected in kala-azar, 39.1% to 51.1% professionals understand that lymph nodes, blood and skin are involved as tissues due to kala-azar. Among the professionals, about 80.4% of them have the correct knowledge regarding the specific agent (L. donovani) of kala-azar. Bangladesh J. Zool. 43 (2): 189-199, 2015


We investigate Campbell and Mankiw's 'rule of thumb' consumption model using data from five East Asian countries. We find that the fraction of income attributed to the 'rule of thumb' consumers are generally substantial for these countries. In particular, the fractions for them are generally higher than those of OECD countries found in previous studies. Furthermore, the estimates of the fractions are robust to variant specifications of the 'rule of thumb' consumption model. These results are favourable to he 'liquidity constraint' justification of the 'rule of thump' consumption model.


We localize the loop equation of large-N YM theory in the anti-self-dual variables on a critical equation for an effective action by means of homological methods as opposed to the cohomological localization of equivariantly closed forms in local field theory. Our localization occurs for some special simple quasi BPS Wilson loops, that have no perimeter divergence and no cusp anomaly for backtracking cusps, in a partial Eguchi-Kawai reduction from four to two dimensions of the non-commutative theory in the limit of infinite non-commutativity and in a lattice regularization in which the anti-self-dual integration variables live at the points of the lattice, thus implying an embedding of parabolic Higgs bundles in the YM functional integral. We find that the beta function of the effective action is saturated by the non-commutative anti-self-dual vortices of the Eguchi-Kawai reduction. An exact canonical beta function of Novikov-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov type, that reproduces the universal first and second perturbative coefficients follows by the localization on vortices. Finally we argue that a scheme can be found in which the canonical coupling coincides with the physical charge between static quark sources in the large-N limit and we compare our theoretical calculation with some numerical lattice result.


In 2016, the Dutch government, in pursuit of the UN's sustainable development goals, set a target that all its diesel transit bus networks should be fully electrified between 2025 and 2030. A research team from Rotterdam School of Management has since worked in close collaboration with Rotterdamse Elektrische Tram, the public transport operator in the city of Rotterdam, to accomplish this complex transition. This paper presents essential lessons learned and key practical implications derived from the project. As part of the transition process, we developed a discrete-event simulation model that can simulate the network using different settings and under uncertainty. We also formulated a mixed-integer linear programming problem to optimize the charging schedule. To mitigate the critical impact of uncertainty regarding traffic delays and energy consumption on the electrified transit bus network operation, we developed a real-time decision support system that adjusts and reoptimizes the charging schedule during the day according to the realizations of this uncertainty. We use this system to achieve better coordination between the charging schedule of the electric buses and electricity generation from renewable energy sources with the latter involving high levels of uncertainty. Our study shows the benefits of real-time optimization compared with off-line planning and other greedy strategies. We also show that even highly conservative off-line planning might not be sufficient to maintain reliability levels under extreme operational uncertainty conditions. Additionally, our results and insights have substantially contributed to the success of the first phase of the project, which involved electrifying seven essential bus lines in the city, in realizing a robust and reliable operational plan. Finally, our study shows the potential substantial positive impact of installing renewable energy generators and coordinating the electric buses' charging schedule with their output power profile. Based on our recommendations, RET developed a real-time monitoring system and is working on incorporating our charging schedule optimizer into its planning process.


For years treaters of mental patients who harmed other persons were largely protected by three doctrines: the common law rule of nonresponsibility, sovereign immunity, and the "honest error" rule. The present paper examines the erosion of these immunities that has occurred over the last 30 years. As the strength and breadth of these protections have lessened, claims of negligence have expanded. Failure to properly diagnose includes failure to foresee violent acts. Failure to properly treat includes failure to restrain a violent patient. The recently asserted failure to protect others is not necessarily based on failure to diagnose or to treat, or, for that matter, on medical malpractice law. Liability of treaters for harm that their patients inflict on third persons is largely a recent phenomenon. For years treaters were protected from such liability claims by virtue of three doctrines.


In order to meet the requirement for automatic production, a pollination robot system for tomato flower on the inclined-wire culture was designed. The robot is composed of a platform vehicle, a binocular vision system, a manipulator with four degrees of freedom and an end-effector. Based on the tomato cultivation restriction, a collision-free motion of the manipulator was planned to move the end-effector to the spraying position without hitting the crop and the construction of the robot. The binocular vision system was used to detect the flower clusters according to the saturation & hue color feature and the size feature and obtain the 3-D spraying position of the flowers on the basis of stereoscopy. As the experimental results showed, the recognition success rate of the flower cluster was influenced by the number of flowers in one cluster: the recognition rate was only 50% for the cluster with one flower and the recognition rate was at least 80% for the cluster with no less than two flowers. The average error between the detected distance and measured distance for the spraying position accuracy was 6.4mm. The average spraying success rate of 69.6% was attributed to the leaves obstruction and the spraying direction deviation, and the execution time of the pollination operation was 15 seconds per cluster on average including both imaging time and spraying time.


Anatomy of the breast techniques and positioning in film-screen mammography an approach to mammographic analysis well-defined masses ill-defined masses calcifications prominent ductal patterns the thickened skin pattern the axilla the male breast interventional procedures the post-surgical breast.


The radiometric survey was performed in July of 1994 as part of the Colorado School of Mines Reservoir Characterization Project Phase V. The 5.5 square mile field study consisted of geologic; geophysical; reservoir engineering; geochemical; 3-D seismic and radiometric investigations over the Sorrento Field. Radiometric data was acquired over the study area using a 512 cu. In. NaI detector system and four channel digital acquisition system. Twenty foot stations were acquired along the same traverses as the source and receiver lines of the 3-D seismic program. Profiles were plotted for each line. Data was normalized and Z-Transform and ratio maps were produced. A profile interpretation map indicated the presence of several lineaments possibly related to fracturing now known to exist within the study area as a result of the 3-D seismic survey. An experimental north-south profile was also obtained through the study area using a NaI detector and full spectrum analyzer capable of 60,000 CPS. Data was processed into 1000 channels of data. An analysis of the full spectrum data indicates the presence of two discrete (4 to 6 KeV) windows in the lower portion of the gamma spectrum that exhibit a consistent high response over the productive portion ofmore » the field. The normally expected low radiometric response over petroleum reservoirs appears to be a function of a general overall decrease, principally in that portion of the gamma spectrum below 1.50 MeV.« less


Process for the preparation of dispersions containing mixed oxides having size lower than or equal to 60 nm and having low polydispersity comprising the following steps: P1) preparation of a microemulsion of water in oil, the oil being a perfluoropolyether, said microemulsion being obtained by using a perfluoropolyether surfactant, the aqueous phase contains a solution of an inorganic salt of a metal M1; P2) preparation of a metal M2 salt of a perfluoropolyether anionic surfactant, being soluble in the oil perfluoropolyether used in P1, the amount in moles of surfactant being such to bind completely to the cation and not to be in excess; P3) addition of P2 to P1 for obtaining the reaction system containing the two metals M1 and M2; M1 in aqueous phase and M2 in the perfluoropolyether oil phase; P4) alkalinization of P3 and contemporaneous or subsequent heating, if P3 was not already heated, the temperature needed for the desired oxide formation; then it cools and separating the aqueous supernatant; M1 and M2 belong to metals capable of giving oxides; when the two metals M1 and M2 have different valence then M1 is the metal ion with lower valence different from Fe (II), optionally in admixture with Fe (II), the metal ion M2 to higher valence state.


Typed agreements and correspondence related to stock and the Brush Laboratories Company. Typed and signed agreement between the Brush Laboratories Company and Charles F. Brush, Jr., dated July 15, 1923, regarding sale of Brush Laboratories Company Stock to Charles F., Jr. Typed letter from Edward R. Alexander to Charles B. Sawyer, dated May 2, 1925. Typed and signed Depository Agreement, dated April 1925, between The Sears Manufacturing Company, Alexander, Charles F., Jr., and Walter L. Flory, regarding placement of company stock, and designation of trustees. Typed and signed Proposal of Gift of Common Stock, no date, in which Charles F., Jr. gifts stock of the Brush Laboratories Company to the same company


The United Nations Security Council produces a list of terrorist organizations and
persons and requires states to take certain measures against these entities. This
article focuses on the 'listing' aspect of the South African legislation, that is, its
adoption of the Security Council list and the measures that may be taken against
the entities placed on the list. The article considers various objections to the listing
procedure, including those based on human rights, on the doctrine of separation
of powers and on the rule of law. The main discussion centres on the doctrine of
separation of powers, arguing that the doctrine has a role to play in both domestic
and international law, and exploring the extent to which the anti-terrorism regime,
and the listing process in particular, infringes the doctrine. The final section of the
article explores the options available to South African courts should they be faced
with a challenge to the decisions of the United Nations Security Council.


Abstract This article proposes a conceptualisation of dialogic spaciality, and advances our understandings of the dynamic interplay of dialogic space (where meaningful conversations take place) and place (a geographic location) and the influence these have on academic life. The conceptualisation is developed from a qualitative study which focused on the relationship of dialogue, space and intellectual encounters in faith-based higher education settings in England. The article highlights the significance of dialogue in these institutions because of the emphasis traditionally placed on conversation in the Christian university tradition. It concludes that dialogic spaciality may counter elements of non-reflexive and performative ethos as something that is transferable to other universities.


This paper considers the case for and against 'the treasury view' - the idea that in a downturn, government spending has no effect on economic activity or unemployment. The report covers three areas: the evidence for expansionary fiscal contraction – the idea that somehow cutting budget deficits will lead to an increase in growth, even in the middle of a downturn; the logic of expansionary contraction; and finally, a more sustainable path for the economy that is not designed to generate inequality in the same way that the pre-crisis economy was.


Aminated Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) and Carbon Fiber (CF) materials for anticollision intelligent control of Bridge Engineering were used to enhance the properties of Bismaleimide Resin (BMI) matrix resin and then tested the moist heat aging, salt spray aging and erosion resistance in this study. The resulted show that when the aging time was 168h, after wet heat and salt spray, the flexural strength and impact strength of three-phase composites with 1.5wt% MWNTs-NH2 content can reach maximum, and the wet heat aging bending performance is 45% better than that of non-added carbon nanotubes, the impact performance is 41% higher, the salt spray aging bending performance is 43% higher and the salt spray aging impact performance is 32% higher.


The research described in this thesis aims to study determinants of the course and outcome
of treatment of herpesvirus infections in immunocompromised patients. Both
viral factors, such as antiviral resistance, and patient factors, including immunological
parameters, were investigated. Techniques to study antiviral resistance were optimized
for use in a clinical diagnostic setting. The aim of this research is to improve and facilitate
management of herpesvirus infections in immunocompromised patients.


Competition in the financial services industry conXJtinues to intensify as banks, securities, life insurers, and even nonfinancial companies vie for a share in a worldwide market valued in the trillions of dollars. Out of this changing environment, The Equitable Life Assurance Society of the United States has emerged at the forefront as a company that has adapted uniquely to the new business environment of the 1980s. In the past few years, the company has centralized, converted business units into subsidiaries, and instilled in its employees an innovative entrepreneurial spirit that has taken the company to bold new heights. In the following interview, John Carter, president and chief executive officer of The Equitable, talks candidly about these changes and how The Equitable has attained success in an aggressive new business arena.


Identification of a small set of discriminative genes is a crucial step for effective prediction of disease or patient survival based on microarray gene expression data. Previous approaches to this problem are mainly based on analyzing differential gene expression data. In this work, an additional step is introduced to take advantage of prior knowledge about the relation of genes and a disease. In the proposed approach, keyword scanning of human proteins at the Swissprot database is performed to select genes related to the disease of interest followed by analysis of differential gene expressions. In results obtained on lung cancer data where a differential expression-based selection of genes is fairly inaccurate, our prior knowledge mining based approach offered a large improvement of prediction accuracy (0.74 vs. 0.58 ROC curve when using 20 genes). Furthermore, experimental results on a breast cancer dataset, where prediction based on differential gene expression alone was quite accurate can be further improved by integrating with our new approach.


The invention provides a fixed building rubbish treatment device adopting a crushing core technique (hammer crusher) and a double-quality vibration screening core technique, wherein the rushing core technique can be used for crushing reinforced concrete containing reinforcing steel bars, braking and separating the reinforcing steel bars from equipment and generating high-quality recycled building aggregates, and the double-quality vibration screening core technique has favorable vibration track, can be used for precise screening and ensure the screening precision (other types of screening machines can not achieve the advantages). The fixed building rubbish treatment device can decompose and treat abandoned building rubbish, such as the reinforced concrete containing reinforcing steel bars and the like, to generate the high-quality recycled building aggregates; and the fixed building rubbish treatment device can break the reinforcing steel bars in the reinforced concrete so that the reinforcing steel bars are conveniently recovered without blocking and winding the equipment, thereby the whole recycling and treatment system realizes favorable mechanical production.


Roster Number: 618. Picture Location: Box 7 Folder 3. Interview Location: Box 2 Folder 6. Letter Location: Box 9 Folder 8.


Although the FTC has increased its activity in the monitoring of deceptive advertising, the law nonetheless continues to recognize most puffery as harmless and permits a firm to argue that a claim is puffery in defense against a charge of fraud or misrepresentation. This paper is designed to explore the view that puffery may be equivalent in impact to literal deception. A review of the relevant theoretical and empirical literature in the areas of expectation creation, attitude formation, and disconfirmation is presented which suggests that puffery achieves its intended impact through a combination of preexposure and postpurchase effects. Specifically, it is argued that puffed claims create high expectations used in attitude and intention formation prior to purchase. The nature of these claims is such that many cannot be disconfirmed after purchase while others are repressed due to the consumer's reluctance to acknowledge discrepancy. Moreover, the initial inflated attitude serves to bolster the postpurchase attitude when the consumer is exposed to and recognizes a negative disconfirmation. Implications of this interpretation for the marketing and legal communities are discussed.


We propose a new method for labeling biochemical molecules with fluorine-18 (positron emitters) using [G-18F]polyfluoronitrobenzene as the reagent. Perfluoronitrobenzene was easily labeled with 18F− by the 18F- for-19F exchange reaction giving [G-18F]pentafluoronitrobenzene (PFNB, radiochemical yield 30-41 %) and the [G-18F]PFNB was applied successfully for 18F-labeling of angiotensin II.


A 44 year old woman comes to see you because she is "never in the mood." She has been married for eight years, works as a sales assistant, and is healthy.

Define reduced sexual desire —The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , fourth edition (DSM-IV), defines hypoactive sexual desire as a deficiency or absence of sexual desire or fantasy causing personal distress, interpersonal difficulty, or both. Explore exactly what she means by never being in the mood. Does she initiate sex? What kind of sexual contact is she having (or not)?

Causes —These can be psychological (most cases) or physical, although they often overlap. Relationship problems (unexpressed negative feelings about the partner, extramarital affairs), motivational problems (fear of loss of femininity, loss of reproductive potential), cognitive problems (low self image and self esteem), family problems ("empty nest" syndrome), and life stresses (retirement, financial worries) are common associations. Physical causes can be systemic (anaemia, …


A model of damage evolution in austenitic stainless steels under creep loading at elevated temperatures is proposed. The initial microstructure is idealized as a space-tiling aggregate of identical rhombic dodecahedral grains, which undergo power-law creep deformation. Damage evolution in the form of cavitation and wedge cracking on grain-boundary facets is considered. Both diffusion- and deformation-driven grain-boundary cavity growth are treated. Cavity and wedge-crack length evolution are derived from an energy balance argument that combines and extends the models of Cottrell (1961 Trans. AIME 212 191–203), Williams (1967 Phil. Mag. 15 1289–91) and Evans (1971 Phil Mag. 23 1101–12). The time to rupture predicted by the model is in good agreement with published experimental data for a type 316 austenitic stainless steel under uniaxial creep loading. Deformation and damage evolution at the microscale predicted by the present model are also discussed.


DBOWL is a scalable reasoner for OWL ontologies with very large Aboxes (billions of instances). DBOWL supports most of the fragment of OWL covering OWL-DL. DBOWL stores ontologies and classifies instances using relational database technology and combines relational algebra expressions and fixed-point iterations for computing the closure of the ontology, called knowledge base creation. In this paper we describe and evaluate DBOWL. For the evaluation both the standard datasets provided in the context of the ORE 2012 workshop and the UOBM (University Ontology Benchmark) are used. A demo of DBOWL is available at http://khaos.uma.es/dbowl.


Current socio-economic conditions and
draw out the conditions for high performance, level of physical development
and functional state of students. This is due to the need to strengthen the
training and educational work in secondary schools of Ukraine and study
effective methods of teaching and training students can take hard in school
learning material and engage in physical training.


Given a semilocal 1-dimensional Cohen-Macauly ring A, J. Lipman in [10] gives an algorithm to obtain the integral closure Ā of A, in terms of prime ideals of A. More precisely, he shows that there exists a sequence of rings A = A0 ⊂ A1 ⊂… ⊂ Ai ⊂…, where, for each i, i ≥ 0, Ai+1 is the ring obtained from Ai by "blowing-up" the Jacobson radical ℛ i of Ai+ i.e. Ai+l = ∪n(ℛi n:ℛi n ). It turns out that ∪ {Ai;i≥0} = Ā (cf. [10, proof of Theorem 4.6]) and, if Ā is a finitely generated A-module, the sequence {Ai; i ≥ 0} is stationary for some m and Am = Ā, so that


A significant cause of morbidity in patients with epilepsy are the symptoms experienced in the aftermath of a seizure. Post-ictal headaches are common, often severe, and occur generally after complex partial and generalized seizures. [1]

Sumatriptan, a potent 5HT1D-like agonist is effective in the treatment [2] of migraine with or without aura. [3] The treatment of patients with epilepsy who also suffer from post-ictal headache has generally focused on anti-epileptic drug therapy. The management of post-ictal headache itself has received little attention. We report here two patients in whom the use of sumatriptan proved completely effective. …


This innovative collection of essays brings together archaeological research on French colonial sites from Maryland, South Carolina, the Gulf Coast and Lower Mississippi Valley, the Caribbean, and French Guiana to explore the nature of French colonization. Specific contributions explore foodways, ceramics, plantations, architecture, and colonial interactions with Africans and Native Americans, all with an eye to what makes the French colonial endeavor distinct from better-known British or Spanish experience. Crosscutting the volume are such questions as, how are "French" sites different from those of other nationalities, what is the nature of French colonization, how can archaeology help identify particularly national histories in a given colonial setting, and how was French identity materialized and maintained in the New World?


Iron aluminide alloy FA-129 is susceptible to cold cracking during gas-tungsten arc (GTA) welding. Cracking occurs by brittle fracture in the fusion zone, which has been attributed to excessive grain growth during solidification, in concert with environmental embrittlement. Previous work has shown that iron aluminide can be susceptible to environmental embrittlement when tested in the presence of water vapor. The suggested mechanism is similar to that observed in aluminum alloys: the reaction of water molecules with freshly exposed aluminum atoms at the crack tip results in the formation of high activity atomic hydrogen, which diffuses into the metal and causes embrittlement. This phenomenon occurs only when the metal is stressed, and therefore, is a dynamic embrittlement phenomenon. The same effect was not seen in experiments conducted in the presence of hydrogen gas. To further investigate this embrittlement problem and its effect on welding, GTA welds were conducted in atmospheres of varying amounts of water vapor on base material of varying grain sizes. The varying base material grain sizes were chosen because fusion zone grain size depends, to an extent, on the grain size of the base material. For example, a fine-grained base material should produce a finer grained fusion zonemore » that a coarse-grained base material would. The results of the investigation are presented within this paper.« less


Touch screen sensor having a conductive micropattern may obscure the visibility of the conductive micropattern or reducing, includes one or more structures.


We report on a microstrip line structure able to sustain plasmas up to five bars of a He/Xe/HCl mixture, with good stability and reproducibility and without preionization of the mixture. The microwave power coupling has been characterized and the incoherent ultraviolet‐308 nm emission has been studied by means of time‐resolved spectroscopy.


The economy growth theory,derives from the classical economy school represented by Smith and Li Jiatu,is the theory reflection of social economy development practice,and is the widespread economy theory among the developed countries after World War II.However,the acknowledgement deficiency makes it impossible for the economists of the developed country to establish the economy theory and model in a sound and comprehensive way.Therefore,we should adhere to the methodology of Marx to establish scientific model starting from the theory reflected by practice,and under the guidance of which to study the Chinese economy growth and transformation practice of the economy growth pattern.


A 42-year-old, otherwise healthy man with exposure to domesticated buffalo presented with a 3-day history of intermittent headaches and word-finding difficulties. Magnetic resonance images (MRI) revealed an ischemic infarct in the left temporal lobe. A high-pitched, intense, pandiastolic murmur was detected at the right upper sternal border. A transthoracic echocardiogram showed moderate-to-severe aortic insufficiency. A transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) showed a bicuspid aortic valve with possible leaflet perforation. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) images confirmed regurgitation through a perforated bicuspid leaflet, excluded an abscess, and revealed a dilated ascending thoracic aorta (Fig. 1). The eccentric regurgitant jet and asymmetric aortic dilation were best seen by means of time-resolved, 3-dimensional, phase-contrast MRI (4-dimensional [4D]-flow MRI), with use of instantaneous streamline and dynamic pathline views of blood flow (Fig. 2). The patient's blood cultures remained negative; however, serologic studies subsequently were positive for Coxiella burnetii, suggesting a chronic, active infection. The patient was treated with doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine and underwent successful surgical aortic root and valve replacement (Fig. 3).

Fig. 1.

Cardiac magnetic resonance image shows the dilated ascending aorta, and significant aortic regurgitation (arrow) through the perforated bicuspid aortic valve leaflet.

Fig. 2.

Four-dimensional-flow magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracic aorta. Streamlines are color-coded for velocity and reveal instantaneous flow across the aortic valve (arrow) and in the aorta during A) systole and B) diastole.

Fig. 3.

Photograph shows surgical specimen of the infected, bicuspid aortic valve with leaflet perforation (arrow).


Two simple, rapid, accurate, precise, and economic spectrophotometric methods for simultaneous estimation of Paracetamol and Ibuprofen in pure and tablet dosage form have been developed. Method I is based on the simultaneous equation method. Paracetamol and Ibuprofen show absorbance maximums at 256 and 222.4 nm respectively, so absorbance was measured at the same wave lengths for the estimation of Paracetamol and Ibuprofen. Method II is based on determination of Q-value. Absorbance is measured at 226.4 nm (Isoabsorptive point) and 222.4nm (λmax of Ibuprofen). Both drugs obey the Beer Lambert's law in the concentration range of 5-30 μg/mL. Methods are validated according to ICH guidelines.


In Reply.— The title of the editorial was a question: "What Are Adequate Treatment and Follow-up Care for Nonmelanoma Cutaneous Cancer?" 1 Rather than seeking to provide definitive answers, it sought primarily to stimulate study and discussion that would lead to establishment of better guidelines for the management of smaller and earlier basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. It urged all physicians to use the data now emerging from well-designed studies and documented case reports to reexamine traditional clinical judgments. To the extent that such reexamination suggests changes in existing practice, it is both proper and inevitable that those suggestions will be controversial. The recommendations challenged by Drs Sherwin and Goldschmidt were part of a commentary that examined the clinical implications of the data reported in three original articles appearing in that issue of theArchives. 2-4 Two of these addressed surgical margins and surgical technique and pointed out the risk


Objective
To explore the effect of gender and internal fixation method on perioperative hidden blood loss in elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures.

Methods
80 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures in our hospital from May 2014 to July 2016 were selected and divided into group A and group B according to different internal fixation methods. 45 cases in the group A were treated by dynamic hip screw, while 35 cases in the group B were treated by proximal femoral nail anti-rotation. Observed the hidden blood loss at the perioperative period of the two groups and its correlation with the internal fixation method and the gender.

Results
The amount of hidden blood loss of the group A [(338.5±23.7)ml] was significantly lower than that of the group B [(445.8±16.2)ml], with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The amount of hidden blood loss of the male patients was significantly lower than that of the female patients in both two groups, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The amount of dominance blood loss of the group A [(197.2±17.9)ml] was higher than that of the group B [(125.7±13.1)ml], and the total amount of blood loss of the group A [(535.8±16.7)ml] was lower than that of the group B [(572.2±15.5)ml], with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The gender (OR=3.027,P=0.040) and the internal fixation method (OR=2.323,P=0.043) were correlated with hidden blood loss, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05).

Conclusions
The hidden blood loss of the elderly male patients was less than that of the female patients, and the hidden blood loss of the patients treated by dynamic hip screw was less than that of the patients treated by proximal femoral nail anti-rotation. The gender and the internal fixation method were closely related to the hidden blood loss at the perioperative period of elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures.

Key words:
Gender; Internal fixation method; Intertrochanteric fracture; Perioperative period; Hidden blood loss


Mesenteric venous thrombosis is rare but can cause ischemia or infarction of small bowel. Mesenteric venous thrombosis is classified as either primary or secondary. Despite considerable advances in medical diagnosis and treatment, the diagnosis is often delayed and prognosis is still poor. We report three cases of mesenteric venous thrombosis treated by different modalities each other. The first case was superior mesenteric venous thrombosis secondary to acute acalculous cholecystitis and treated with anticoagulation. The second case was primary mesenteric venous thrombosis and treated by anticoagulation combined with percutaneous transhepatic thrombolysis. The third case was also primary mesenteric venous thrombosis, but, needed surgery with anticoagulation.


The quantification of ultrastructure has been permanently improved by the application of new stereological principles. Both precision and efficiency have been enhanced. Here we report for the first time a fractionator method that can be applied at the electron microscopy level. This new design incorporates a varying sampling fraction paradigm. The method allows for systematic random sampling from blocks of variable slab thickness, thereby eliminating the need for exhaustive serial sectioning through an entire containing space. This novel approach acknowledges the inaccuracy inherent in estimating the total object number using section sampling fractions based on the average thickness of sections of variable thicknesses. As an alternative, this approach estimates the correct particle section sampling probability based on an estimator of the Horvitz–Thompson type, resulting in a theoretically more satisfying and accurate estimate of the expected number of particles for the defined containing space.


The main disadvantages of the conventional thermoplastic starch (TPS) are the retrogradation,poor water resistance and unsatisfactory mechanical properties particularly under wet or dry environments.In this paper,formamide and urea were used as a mixed plasticizer to prepare urea/formamide-plasticized TPS(UFPTPS) with both the good mechanical properties and the good retrogradation resistance.FTIR analysis indicated that the micro-environments of the chemical groups in formamide-plasticized TPS(FPTPS) changed less than in glycerolplasticized TPS(GPTPS) during a period of 70 days.This was related to the fomation of more stable hydrogen bonds between formamide and starch.By Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM) the native cornstarch granules were proved to transfer to a continuous phase with the destruction of all crystallinity.The effect of water contents on the mechanical properties of UFPTPS was also studied,and UFPTPS had good ductility at water contents of 9%~34%.After being stored for one week at RH=33%,the tensile strength,elongation and energy at break of this TPS reached 4.83 MPa,104.6% and 2.17 N·m, respectively.The influence of formamide and urea on the retrogradation of TPS was studied using X-ray diffractometry.It was found that the mixture of formamide and urea could effectively restrain the retrogradation and prevent urea from crystallization.On the other hand,both the thermal stability and water resistance of UFPTPS was better than those of TPS plasticized by each single plasticizer (including glycerol).The TPS properties mentioned in this paper were ameliorated by the mixture of formamide and urea(10%/20% weight based on starch),mainly for it could form more strong and stable hydrogen bonds with starch hydroxy groups than glycerol could.As a novel plasticizer,the mixture of formamide and urea would be potential in extending the application scopes of TPS.


In this paper, a reconfigurable circularly-polarized 2×2 array antenna designed at 5.8 GHz is presented. This array will be fabricated in LTCC technology. Preliminary simulated results for right and left circular polarization show an axial ratio level below 3 dB in a beamwidth of 30 degrees on XZ and YZ planes. Also, a good impedance matching is obtained with return loss above 10 dB from 5.7 GHz to 6.1 GHz. In addition, radiation patterns are quite similar for the two operating modes.


This paper selects Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share companies from 2011 to 2020 as research samples to explore the impact of digital transformation on enterprise market risk and its mechanism.The results show that digital transformation can effectively reduce the market risks faced by enterprises. Mechanism test shows that digitalization reduces enterprise risks by improving enterprise total factor productivity and alleviating financing constraints, and production efficiency and financing constraints play a part of the intermediary effect.The conclusion of this paper has certain reference significance for boosting the confidence of enterprises in digitalization and reducing the market risk of enterprises.


Studied microstructures and corrosion resistance of electroless Ni-P on AZ91D magnesium alloy through metallography,SEM,TEM,DSC XRD,smog experiment and polarized experiment analysis.The result was drawn that electroless coating is composed of compact cells structures,coating thickness is symmetrical,the adhesion resistance is good,phosphor content is 6.68 %,which belongs to medium phosphor coating,the impedance is 0.6 Ω. The coating has a constitution of amorphous with few minicrystal,resistance is very well,coating has not appear to corrosion spots at salt mist for continuous 8 h.Polarized experiment indicated that the lowest corrosive current of initial coating is 4.52 μA/cm~2,and corrode electric potential Ecorr is -250 mV.While the annealed temperature is lower than 200 ℃,the corrosion-resistant performance of plating layer improves to some extent,annealed at higher than 200 ℃,corrosion-resistant performance has a downward trend wholly.


Peter Levine D.Phil in Philosophy Balliol Trinity Term, 1991 Beyond Culture: Nietzsche and the Modern Crisis of the Humanities This dissertation examines Friedrich Nietzsche's theory of culture. Nietzsche held that all beliefs were arbitrary and culturally contingent; cultures were distinct, organic, homogeneous entities, whose values were mutually incommensurable. I trace the origins of this theory to Nietzsche's experience as a philologist; but I claim that, in deriving his theory from historical data, Nietzsche drew false conclusions. As a mature philosopher, Nietzsche developed a somewhat more subtle theory, according to which cultures functioned like the underlying rules of a game. Thus any cultural world-view was arbitrary, but served as a necessary precondition for thought and communication. I argue that Nietzsche's mature theory led to contradictions and depended upon false inferences which he drew from history. Several of Nietzsche's doctrines including perspectivism, the Eternal Return, and the Overman depend upon his mature theory of culture. A similar theory underlies the work of two representative followers of Nietzsche, Leo Strauss and Jacques Derrida; and I discuss its consequences for their work. I then propose an alternative theory which explains the phenomenon of historical diversity without invoking Nietzsche's picture of reified cultures. Instead of imagining cultures as organic wholes, this alternative paradigm views the cultural background of any person as a heterogeneous collection of ideas and prejudices, often derived from diverse sources. Thus "cultures" are simply ways of categorizing people according to similarities in their backgrounds; and we belong simultaneously to numerous overlapping cultures. This paradigm, I argue, provides support for pluralist and democratic cultural ideals which Nietzsche and his followers have repudiated. Finally, I trace Nietzsche's reasons for criticizing humanistic scholarship to his theory of culture; and I defend humanism on the basis of my alternative paradigm.


The design, development and testing of a 2.5 THz mixer using planar Schottky diodes is presented. The mixer uses a Schottky diode integrated onto a quartz microstrip circuit. The integrated circuit is mounted in a WR-0.4 waveguide housing (1.8–2.8 THz) with integral diagonal feedhorn. Preliminary testing at 2.5 THz yielded a responsivity in the range of 200–400 V/W, indicating that the fabrication successfully achieved low anode and shunt capacitances.


The purpose of this research was to analyze the influence of the brand image and lifestyle of the purchasing decision in Loka Supermarket Malang. This is Explanatory Research. This research aims to review the influence of the brand image and lifestyle whether partial and simultaneous of the purchasing decision in Loka Supermarket Malang. The population of this research is from Loka Supermarket Malang customers. The number of samples are from 93 respondents and taken used technique purposive sampling. The data collection used spread of the questionnaire. Analysis techniques the data used linear regression multiple T-test and F-test. The result of research suggests that the influence of variable brand image bigger than the lifestyle. The result suggests that consumers more like a product with the brand image better, as well as consumers more consider the aspects of the brand image before making purchases one product.


To realize support simulation oriented modeling of combat unit mission system,a modeling method of combat unit mission system based on mission droved method is proposed.Based on analysis the characteristics of operational mission,mission relation model is proposed,and structured describe of mission is realized.Other models are replenished according to the demand of function of mission manage.The simulation model of mission manager federate is realized.To satisfy the demand of support simulation,three models are replenished,they are combat unit state update model,mission phase workload accumulate model and mission success judgment model,then the function of mission simulation manage and mission execute control are realized.


Die package including a substrate supporting the plurality of passive elements are described. In one example, the package may have active circuitry close to the front of the own and comprises a semiconductor die having a back side opposite the front side, and a component substrate near the backside of the die. A plurality of passive electrical element is present on the component substrate, a conductive path connects the passive element active circuit. Die includes a silicon substrate between the front and the back, the conductive path is through-silicon vias through the die from the back surface to the active circuit.


We consider patterns generated by adding large numbers of sand grains at a single site in an Abelian sandpile model with a periodic initial configuration, and relaxing. The patterns show proportionate growth. We study the robustness of these patterns against different types of noise, namely, randomness in the point of addition, disorder in the initial periodic configuration, and disorder in the connectivity of the underlying lattice. We find that the patterns show a varying degree of robustness to addition of a small amount of noise in each case. However, introducing stochasticity in the toppling rules seems to destroy the asymptotic patterns completely, even for a weak noise. We also discuss a variational formulation of the pattern selection problem for growing Abelian sandpiles.


Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical application value of mini-invasive removal of gallbladder stones by the combined use of laparoscope,choledochoscope and ureteroscope.Methods Clinical data of 118 gallstone patients who were treated by mini-invasive removal of gallbladder stones using laparoscope,choledochoscope and ureteroscope in combination were retrospectively analyzed.Results All the118 cases experienced successful surgeries without any perioperative complications,such as hemorrhage,bile leakage or incision infection except 4 cases transferred to laparoscopic cholecystectomy because of incarcerated or submucous stones.The operation time was 72(55 ~90) minutes.All patients could walk freely on the surgery day,could take liquid diet the second day after operation,and were discharged 3 ~ 4 days after operation.The bile cyst function was proven normal 2 weeks after operation.Conclusions The combination of laparoscope,choledochoscope and ureteroscope for mini-invasive cholecystolithotomy is a safe and feasible method of gallbladder stone treatment with merits of gallbladder function retention,fewer traumas to the patients and good cosmetic results.


In this study the effect of gauge length and test speed on coefficient of fiber strength utilization have been investigated before the process of yarn break. Viscose and cotton yarns produced from ring and rotor technologies were used. The yarns of similar linear densities of viscose (29.5tex) and cotton (73.8tex) were measured for tensile strength at different gauge length. The tensile strength of cotton yarns was also measured at different speeds. It can be inferred that at higher gauge length, all types of viscose and cotton yarns exhibited higher coefficient of fiber strength utilization before the process of yarn break. The test speed has also slight effect, at lower test speed the coefficient of fiber strength utilization is found higher than at the greater speeds. The effect of gauge length on fiber strength utilization has been observed more in all types of ring yarns as compared to the rotor yarns.


Sony launched the PlayStation Vita portable device TBWA with the slogan "The World Is In Play" on February 22 in Belgium, backed up by a new and impressive ad campaign. Taking place in Brussels, where Sony emphasized, through guerrilla marketing, the core idea of merging the real and gaming world by using the new PS gaming device. The…


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ABSTRACT Two experiments were conducted simultaneously to evaluate the effects of continuous multiphase feeding programs on nitrogen excretion and broiler performance. Birds in both experiments were fed diets based on 1 of 3 unique feeding schedules. One feeding program consisted of an industry-type 4-phase schedule, whereas the remaining treatments consisted of diets that were blended and replaced every 3 d. One of these continuous multiphase feeding programs was based on industry average nutrient compositions, whereas the other feeding program was based on the EFG Broiler Growth Model. In experiment 1, 60 one-day-old male broiler chicks were randomly placed in 30 separate battery brooding pens with 3 unique feeding schedules (10 replicates per treatment). Nitrogen analyses were conducted on broiler excreta and ground, whole birds. Experiment 2 was conducted to evaluate the effects of continuous multiphase feeding programs on broiler performance in floor pens. A total of 540 one-day-old male broiler chicks were placed in 36 pens, yielding 12 replicates of 3 treatments. Continuous multiphase feeding schedules improved BW gain and the feed-to-gain ratio during wk 3 and 4 (experiment 1) and wk 5 and 6 (experiment 2). Nitrogen excretion and retention, however, were unaffected by the different feeding programs.


The bureaucratic system of the Great Saljuqs (431–552/1040–1157) reached the apogee of its development in connection with extensive conquests and the need to effectively manage the conquered territories. This system was later preserved by their Anatolian successors (c. 483–707/1081–1308), along with the methods of climbing the administrative career ladder. Along with the hereditary succession in government appointments, the making of literary forgeries, hidden plagiarism and the deliberate editing of texts written by other people occupied not the last place among these methods in order to obtain a high position at the Saljuqid сourt. These methods clearly characterize both the genre of administrative literature and the authors who worked in it. The structure and content of their compilations in this genre directly depended on the vacancies they applied for.The Fustat al-'adalaorganically fits into a number of other texts written in the genre of administrative literature in the Saljuqid era. As shown by the textual analysis in this article, theFustat al-'adala'scompiler resorted to hidden plagiarism of voluminous fragments from sources of different genres, as well as to their deliberate editing in order to get a position at the сourt of Muzaffar al-din b. Alp Yurak (d. 691/1292) who was the military commander and ruler of the Chobanidsbeylikwith its administrative center in Kastamonu. One of the basic sources for this compilation was the first redaction of theSiyar al-muluk(Siyasat-nama), which was fabricated by Amir Mu'izzi about 185 years before and ascribed by him to Nizam al-mulk also with the aim of obtaining a high position at the Saljuqid сourt.


Total 215 numbers of representative surface (0-15 cm) soil sample had been collected to check fertility status under Soil Health Card Programme form cultivated farmers's field of Girgadhda and Una taluka of Gir Somnath district during 2015. The chemical analysis of 215 surface samples indicates that soil were medium in OC and also medium in available P 2 O 5 , K 2 O and S. Among the DTPA extractable micronutrients, Mn and Cu were found sufficient, whereas the soils were medium in Fe and Zn. The nutrient index values were low for Zn (1.45), medium for OC (1.98), P 2 O 5 (1.85), K 2 O (1.98), S (2.01), Fe (1.53) and Mn (2.31) and high for Cu (3.00) in the Girgadhda and Una Taluka of Gir Somnath district.


The selection of subjects for study at the several seminars will seek to ensure that they will together cover a reasonably wide range of problems and methods, and that there will not be any undue overlapping of subject-matter and participants. Selection will also have regard to the interest and importance of a subject, both theoretical and practical, and its suitability for stimulating further research and, in particular, for promoting a greater exchange of views and information among scholars working in many different areas. It is hoped to hold the first of these seminars at the East African Institute of Social Research, Makerere College, Uganda.


The U.S. chemical sector produces more than 70,000 chemicals that are essential material inputs to critical infrastructure systems, such as the energy, public health, and food and agriculture sectors. Disruptions to the chemical sector can potentially cascade to other dependent sectors, resulting in serious national consequences. To address this concern, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) tasked Sandia National Laboratories to develop a predictive consequence modeling and simulation capability for global chemical supply chains. This paper describes that capability , which includes a dynamic supply chain simulation platform called N_ABLE(tm). The paper also presents results from a case study that simulates the consequences of a Gulf Coast hurricane on selected segments of the U.S. chemical sector. The case study identified consequences that include impacted chemical facilities, cascading impacts to other parts of the chemical sector. and estimates of the lengths of chemical shortages and recovery . Overall. these simulation results can DHS prepare for and respond to actual disruptions.


The computerised analysis of the procedure of identification of discrete rational transfer function order, at reconstruction by noisy impulse response estimation, is submitted. The procedure of order identification is reduced to the analysis of population values of a specific functional shaped by impulse response estimation. The results testify to a high enough performance of the investigated functional.


CRYSTAL is an ab initio electronic structure program, based on the linear combination of atomic orbitals, for periodic systems. This paper concerns the ability of CRYSTAL to exploit massively parallel computer hardware. A brief review of the theory, numerical implementations and parallel solutions will be given and some of the functionalities and capabilities highlighted. Some features that are unique to CRYSTAL will be described and development plans outlined.


L egislative Open Season in Sacramento Douglas Brosnan, MD, JD CAL/ACEP Policy & Advocacy Fellow Associate Director of Provider Relations, CEP It's open season again in Sacramento: The legislative session is in full swing and an avalanche of over 3,000 bills has been introduced (so far). The political landscape is rocky: The legislature is faced with serious revenue shortfalls and a hotly contested budget that relies on speculative funds, while unemployment has surpassed 10% and is expected to climb further. Making matters worse, Republicans and Democrats are poised for political stalemates as major concessions during the budget negotiations have led many to dig in their heels. After sorting through a mountain of legislation, I have selected several bills that have the potential to significantly impact our patients and our practice. Of course, this is by no means an exhaustive examination, and bills addressing comprehensive reform have largely been left for another forum. SB 316 (Alquist): 85% Medical Loss Ratio This bill would require health service plans/insurance companies to dedicate at least 85% of their total plan revenue (premiums, co-pays, etc.) on "health care benefits." "Health care benefits" does not include administrative costs, profits, dividends, stock options, commissions, administrative fines, etc. Currently, health plans and insurers charge market-based premiums that are driven, at least in part, by management whose central role is to satisfy the fiduciary duty to shareholders of profit maximization. This duty leads to conflicting, and often perverse, outcomes when providing quality health insurance to enrollees. Currently, a health plan fiduciary must focus on creating the lowest medical loss ratio possible (MLR = cost to provide coverage services/ total revenue). This motive pressures company fiduciaries to cover only the healthiest patients, eliminate covered services, reduce payments to providers, and raise premiums. Under this bill, a health plan would increase its profits primarily by increasing market share, thereby placing downward pressure on premiums, encouraging expansion of covered services, and reducing the motive to shortchange providers. Although sure to confront fierce battles by insurance companies, this legislation has the potential to revolutionize healthcare in California. AB 911 (Lieu): Emergency Department Overcrowding Sponsored by Cal/ACEP, this bill strives to address the dangerously overcrowded conditions in California's emergency departments (EDs). AB 911 would require hospitals to regularly assess the level of crowding in the ED, based on a NEDOCS Volume X, no . 2 : May 2009 (National Emergency Department Overcrowding Scale) score and develop a plan for how to best utilize hospital space and personnel at each level of crowding on the index. Although this bill does not require the use of hallway beds in the inpatient units, it does allow individual hospitals to devise plans including this option as necessary. This will also improve surge capacity and allows hospitals to better respond to external disasters. AB 542 (Feuer): Adverse "Never" Events This bill requires the state to develop and implement policies on non-payment of healthcare providers in the Healthy Families and Medi-Cal programs for hospital-acquired conditions and adverse events. This bill is concerning in its deceiving simplicity. As payers are seeking to measure "quality" in medical care, there is a concern that payment for medical errors should not occur. The danger of this bill is multifaceted. Not only is the list of "never" events overly expansive (catheter-associated infections including UTI, line sepsis, mediastinitis post CABG; maternal death or disability associated with pregnancy within two days post-partum, etc.), there is no mechanism for payment of those physicians and hospitals who seek to ameliorate these adverse events. Instead of funneling care directly to those who have experienced an unfortunate complication, this bill turns these patients into "hot potatoes." Further, those patients who are more likely to experience an adverse medical outcome could experience massive barriers to accessing medical care because physicians would presumably shy away from attempting all but the simplest cases. This has the potential to place further pressure on call panels as it will become increasingly important for specialists to have the ability to select their patients, and it would increase overcrowding as finding appropriate care becomes increasingly difficult. AB 1126 (Hernandez): Fair Payment for Public Employees' Retirement System (PERS) PPO Patients This bill would prohibit providers of emergency services from billing PERS PPO patients for the amount that their insurer arbitrarily underpaid. There is no fair payment mechanism. This represents a potential expansion of the Prospect decision from the sphere of HMO, Knox-Keene regulated plans to PPO plans. Without a mechanism for fair payment, EMTALA-mandated providers are at the mercy of insurance companies who can pay any arbitrary amount of their choosing. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine


After serially undiluted passage of Spodoptera exigua multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeMNPV), persistently infected Se301 cells were established. A cell strain, in which no polyhedra or viral particles were observed, was cloned and designated P8-Se301-C1. The P8-Se301-C1 cells are morphologically similar to but grow slower than Se301 cells and they can homologously interfere with SeMNPV. PCR analysis showed that SeMNPV ie-0 and polyhedrin genes were present but DNA polymerase and orf67 genes were absent in P8-Se301-C1, suggesting that the cells harbour incomplete SeMNPV genomes. Dot-blot analysis demonstrated that 0.32+/-0.16 ng SeMNPV DNA was present in 1.25 x 10(5) P8-Se301-C1 cells. A quantitative real-time PCR assay showed that there were 13.2+/-4.3 copies of the SeMNPV polyhedrin gene in each cell. Nested RT-PCR demonstrated the presence of SeMNPV polyhedrin transcripts in P8-Se301-C1 cells. The fact that P8-Se301-C1 cells carry low levels of partial viral genome but do not produce viral progeny suggests a latent-like viral infection in the cells.


Synopsis Sysopsis The application of an electronic computer to stability analyses of earth dams with pore-water pressure is described. The analyses are based on Bishop's (1955)1adaptation of the Swedish method. The presentation of the data to the computer and its method of working are described and there is a brief discussion on the advantages of using the computer and possible future developments. On decrit l'emploi d'une calculatrice electronique pour I'analyse de stabiliti: des barrages de terre a pression d'eau interstitielle.Les analyses sont fondees sur l'adaption Bishop de la m6thode suedoise. L'on decrit ensuite l'introduction des donnees dans la machineet les diverses operations, et I'on discute brievement des avantages que presente I'emploi de la calculatrice, et de ses developpements eventuels.


1. The exhaust pipe connecting apparatus for connecting an exhaust pipe and a connection pipe disposed in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine formed by inserting one of the elements of the exhaust pipe or connection pipe - to the other compression member and the overlapping portion of the exhaust pipe and the connection pipe via radially deforming this portion along its periphery in such a way that after crimping portion remains neobzhataya overlap portion or a small deformed portion with a smaller radial deformation than the crimped portion at the front end as an exhaust, and a connecting pipe. ! 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at the end of the connecting pipe removable flange is formed, by compression and deformation comprises deformation portion overlapping the exhaust pipe and the connecting pipe outwardly in the radial direction. ! 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting pipe arranged in the muffler, and the compression deformation comprises deformation by the overlap portion of the exhaust pipe and the connection pipe radially inward. !4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the exhaust pipe and the connection have a circular cross section and by compression deformation comprises deformation in a radial direction of the overlap portion of the exhaust pipe and the connecting pipe of circular cross section to a non-circular cross-section. ! 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein said compression deformation comprises deformation by the overlap section from circular


Crystal structures for two [2Fe-2S] ferredoxins as well as that of a [4 Fe-4S] ferredoxin from Bacillus thermoproteolyticus were determined at 2.5 A resolution. Predicted tertiary structures of various [2 Fe-2S] ferredoxins and [4 Fe-4S] ferredoxins of sulfate reducing bacteria were given in the present study. Tertiary structures of main-chains and substitution frequency along the polypeptide chain for the [2Fe- 2S] ferredoxins show that the less important in physiological functions a residue is, the less conservative during the evolution. The reversion mutation proposed by Yanofsky et al. ( Science, 148, 1593-1594, (1964) ) was demonstrated in tertiary structures of [2 Fe- 2S] ferredoxins. These evolutional phenomena are consistent with the nutral theory of molecular evolution. Evolution from the [8Fe- 8S] ferredoxin to the [4Fe- 4S] ferredoxins are proposed by tertiary structural similarity of these ferredoxins.


Tea leaf amine oxidase was purified by salting out and various column chromatographies. The molecular weight was estimated to be 162,000 daltons by gel filtration on a Sephadex G-200 column. This enzyme was determinated to be a dimer of which the molecular weight was found to be 81,000 daltons by SDS gel electrophoresis. The optimum pH for ethylamine oxidation by this enzyme was 7.0. The enzyme was stable up to 60°C. From the results of a inhibition study with chelating agents, the enzyme was found to contain copper in the cupric state. Carbonyl reagents such as semicarbazide, hydroxylamine and hydrazine strongly inhibited the activity. The enzyme oxidized alkylamines, ethanolamine and benzylamine rapidly, and also oxidized tyramine, histamine and other diamines slowly. The Km value for ethylamine was 8.8 x 10–5m. Polyamines, secondary amines and tertiary amines were not oxidized.


The representation system of Neuro Linguistic programming means the input system how people can creates their experience. The representation system includes the visual system, the auditory system, tastes and smells. People collect information through the representation system. kinaesthetic system represent information internally by way of pictures, sounds, feeling, smells and tastes. Those are the routes we create our experience. System operation in Triz. Neuro Linguistic programming influence system operation in Triz very much. The representation can help system operator in Triz collect information and make practical products. In this paper we show an example of applying the representation to system operators to design a product.


Raman spectra of mercury(II) nitrate in concentrated aqueous solutions (0.7-7.0M) indicate that the nitrate groups are present as associated ions or covalently bound groups. A gradual alteration in the appearance of the nitrate spectrum with increasing concentration is explained in terms of changes in the nature of mercury-nitrate interaction. A Raman line assignable to the stretching of a mercury-nitrate covalent bond has been observed at c. 270 cm-1. The spectrum of solid Hg(NO3)2,H2O differs from spectra of the aqueous solutions, mainly in the region 1300-1450 cm-1. Additional features are attributed to the influence of hydrogen bonding in the crystal lattice or to correlation field effects (anion-anion coupling).


The invention discloses a method of synthesizing bismuth neodecanoate, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps of: mixing and stirring neodecanoic acid with bismuth hydroxide, heating to 90 DEG C-150 DEG C, and reacting for 2 hours-5 hours; and extracting an organic phase and distilling to obtain bismuth neodecanoate. According to the method of synthesizing bismuth neodecanoate disclosed by the invention, water generated in the reaction and a solvent are removed by extraction and reduced pressure distillation, and the bismuth neodecanoate is finally obtained. The method disclosed by the invention is short in production period, gentle in reaction condition, simple in process flow, low in energy consumption, low in production cost and suitable for long-term development of enterprises.


We propose black-box-type control variate for Monte Carlo simulations by leveraging the Martingale Representation Theorem and artificial neural networks. We developed several learning algorithms for finding martingale control variate functionals both for the Markovian and non-Markovian setting. The proposed algorithms guarantee convergence to the true solution independently of the quality of the deep learning approximation of the control variate functional. We believe that this is important as the current theory of deep learning functions approximations lacks theoretical foundation. However the quality of the deep learning functional approximation determines the level of benefit of the control variate. The methods are empirically shown to work for high-dimensional problems. We provide diagnostics that shed light on appropriate network architectures.


Mason's gain formula can grow factorial because of growth in the enumeration of paths in a directed graph. Each of the (n - 2)! permutation of the intermediate vertices includes a path between input and output nodes. This paper presents a novel method for analyzing the loop gain of a signal flow graph based on the transform matrix approach. This approach only requires matrix determinant operations to determine the transfer function with complexity O(n3) in the worst case, therefore rendering it more efficient than Mason's gain formula. We derived the transfer function of the signal flow graph to the ratio of different cofactor matrices of the augmented matrix. Example of feedback networks demonstrates the intuitive approach to obtain the transfer function for both numerical and computer-aided symbolic analysis, which yields the same results as Mason's gain formula. The transfer matrix offers an excellent physical insight because it enables visualization of the signal flow.


Traditionally notes delimiters retirement were the total work stoppage voluntary compliance of a certain age. The current situation has changed so much that you can hardly say that they are maintained, at least, as they were understood at the beginning of the protection of this contingency. This study focuses on one of them, in the total cessation of activity. Current possibilities of access to the retirement pension and maintaining activity, either in whole or in part, are manifold. an analysis of the various possibilities currently offered by the legal system compatibility enjoy retirement pension with work done and delas main controversies that arise around it . Also the reasons or motivations of this tendency to facilitate interoperability and its impact on the number of contributors to Social Security are analyzed.


This paper presents a methodology and its application to a Level 2 Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA-2), to evaluate the impact of the Passive Autocatalytic Recombiners (PARs) on the hydrogen risk in the reactor containment in case of a severe accident. Among the whole set of accidental scenarios calculated in the framework of the PSA-2, nine have been selected as representative in terms of the in-vessel hydrogen production rate and in-vessel total produced hydrogen mass. Five complementary scenarios have been added as representative of the core reflooding situations. For this set of selected scenarios the evolution of the conditions in the containment (i.e., pressure, temperature, and composition) during the in-vessel phase of the accident has been evaluated by means of a lumped parameter approach. The use of spray systems in the containment has also been considered as well as the presence of recombiners. Moreover, the ignition by recombiners of the flammable atmosphere has been considered.