A one piece closure is sealed to a lip 12 of a container 2 to ensure that the goods, eg dairy products, held in the container are sealed therein and the closure is further provided with engagement means 21 to allow the same to be reapplied to the container after first use. The closure may be made of plastics material thereby allowing the detection of metal in the contents of the container. The plastics material may be two ply co-extruded PVC or polystyrene and coated with heat resistant varnish. The engagement means 21 may have indents (20, Figure 3) and the seal preferably allows the lid to be peeled off the container lip using a finger tab portion. The closure may be transparent and both the container and closure may be printed.


Abstract The disparity of human intellects dictum imposes an a priori limit of thinking and imagining that partially precludes the emergence of democratic thought in the Iranian commonsense. This paper presents three exemplary accounts of the disparity dictum in Perso-Islamicate philosophical and mystical traditions – by Ghazzali, Sadra and Molavi. The goal is to see how, despite varying verbalism, these thinkers share the view that human beings are not ultimately unified – and, accordingly, that humans cannot have equal rights to political power.


S OF PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE ANNUAL MEETING CARLOS, ANN M., JENNIFER KEY, AND JILL L. VAN STONE, Volume of Transactions and the Breadth of the Market: Hudson's Bay and Royal African Companies, 1670-1700 489 Index to Volume 56 975 FLYNN, DENNIS O. AND ARTURO GIRALDEZ, China and the Spanish Empire 493 FOHLIN, CAROLINE, Bank-Firm Relationships and the Development of Interlocking Directorates in the Kaiserreich 491 FOLEY, MICHAEL, Plot Scattering, Risk Aversion, and Labor Spreading: Some Evidence from Nineteenth-Century Northern France 487 FRANKL, JENNIFER L., An Analysis of Corporate Structures in Prewar Japan 490 FROST, MARCIA J., Changing Patterns of Cultivation: Responding to the Company's Land Revenue Demand, Kaira District (Gujarat, India), Circa 1802-1858 487 GALVARRIATO, AURORO GOMEZ, Defining the Obstacles to Mexico's Industrialization: The Relative Standing of "Fundidora Monterrey" During the Early Twentieth Century 486 GIRALDEZ, ARTURO (See Flynn, Dennis O.) 493 GREASLEY, DAVID AND LES OXLEY, A Tale of Two Dominions: Australia, Canada, and the Convergence Hypothesis 493 GUINNANE, TIMOTHY W., Diversification, Liquidity, and Supervision for Small Financial Institutions: Nineteenth-Century German Credit Cooperatives 492 HAMILTON, GILLIAN, The Bargaining Position of Married Women: Evidence from Montreal Marriage Contracts in the 1820s and 1840s 488 HUFF, W. G., Minimal Finance Yet Economic Growth in Southeast Asia from the Late Nineteenth Century to World War II 490 INWOOD, KRIS AND JIM IRWIN, Stasis Amid Change: Regional Income Inequality in Canada, 1870-1890 490 IRWIN, JIM (See Inwood, Kris) 490 KEY, JENNIFER (See Carlos, Ann M.) 489 KIM, SUKKOO, Regions, Resources, and Economic Geography: Sources of U.S. Regional Comparative Advantage, 1880-1987 491 KiNGHORN, JANICE, Kartell or Cartel? Evidence from Turn of the Century German Coal, Iron, and Steel Industries 491 LA BLANC, GREGORY, Secrecy, Firm-Specific Human Capital, and Enforceable Debt Contracts in Ancien Regime Taxation 488 LAMOREAUX, NAOMI R. AND KENNETH L. SOKOLOFF, Long-Term Change in the Organization of Inventive Activity 494 MACKINNON, MARY, Careers North and South: Railway Workers in Australia and Canada, 1885-1940 492 OXLEY, LES (See Greasley, David) 493 ROLNICK, ARTHUR J., FRANCOIS R. VELDE AND WARREN E. WEBER, The Debasement Puzzle: An Essay on Medieval Monetary History 493 SARGENT, THOMAS J. AND FRANCOIS R. VELDE, Macroeconomic Features of the French Revolution 489 SOKOLOFF, KENNETH L. (See Lamoreaux, Naomi R.) 494 SUMMERHILL, WILLIAM R., Government Guarantees, Private Profits, and Social Returns: Public Transport Policy in Brazil, 1854-1913 486 TAYLOR, ALAN M., On the Costs of Inward-Looking Development: Price Distortions, Growth, and Divergence in Latin America 487 USSELMAN, STEVEN W., Patents and the Paths of Innovation in American Railroading, 1846-1900 494 VAN STONE, JILL L. (See Carlos, Ann M.) 489 VELDE, FRANgois R. (See Rolnick, Arthur J.) 493 VELDE, FRANCOIS R. (See Sargent, Thomas J.) 489 WEBER, WARREN E. (See Rolnick, Arthur J.) 493 976 Index to Volume 56


The work of this thesis has focused on the design new two-dimensional (2D) electrocatalysts to conversion nitrogen to ammonia by computer-aided under ambient conditions. Especially, our research work associated with the boron-based catalysts


The effect of ambient conditions, ambient temperature and site location of the power plant (the altitude or ambient pressure), on the performance of a typical supplementary fired (SF) gas-steam combined cycle (CC) is studied, and its performances are compared with that of the unfired case. The CC used in the present study is comprised of two V94.2 gas turbine units, two HR-steam generators and a single steam cycle. For the cases studied, it is observed that SF can increase the total net power of the CC by 5% and the efficiency for the fired-cycle is observed to be about 1% less than that of unfired-cycle case. The variations of the total net power with ambient temperature for both supplementary fired and unfired cases (slope w.r.t. the ambient temperature) are almost identical.Copyright © 2006 by ASME


The invention discloses a control circuit for an oil gas well multistage perforation detonator. The control circuit comprises a positive and negative voltage conversion circuit which is connected with a power source and a driving circuit. The two ends of the power source are connected with a power voltage monitor and a voltage stabilizing voltage in parallel respectively, and the power voltage monitor, the voltage stabilizing voltage and the driving circuit are connected with a digital controller. An AD sampling pipe pin of the digital controller is further connected with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor. A serial port communication pipe pin of the digital controller is connected with a communication interface, and the digital controller is further connected with a memorizer. The invention further discloses a similarity control method for the oil gas well multistage perforation detonator. According to the device and method, full digitalization control for multistage detonation is achieved, the detonation success rate of the multistage detonator is improved, and universality, safety and reliability of a system are improved.


Crowd Motion: Today, we will discuss motion simulation involving a number of intelligent autonomous agents, as arises in crowds of pedestrians. Unlike flocking systems, in which it is assumed that the agents behave homogeneously, in a crowd it is assumed that each agent has its own agenda to pursue (see Fig. 1). For example, we might imagine a group of students walking through a crowded campus on their way to their next classes. Since such agents are acting within a social system, however, it is assumed that they will tend to behave in a manner that is consistent with social conventions. (I don't want you to bump into me, and so I will act in a manner to avoid bumping into you as well.)


Investigation is the bedrock of Criminal Justice System. It is by means of investigation that the facts and circumstances relating to an offence are proved before the Court of law. If there is lack of certain and reliable evidences on record, then Court has to give benefit of doubt to the accused. It increases the challenge and responsibility of investigation to collect proper evidences so that it leads to its logical conclusion and justice is delivered. The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) is a premier investigation agency of India. It has been entrusted sensitive cases in which larger societal interests are involved. The credibility of the agency is such that the judiciary, executive, parliament and even common man have tremendous faith in it. In this paper, the law and process of investigation by CBI has been traced along with the gaps that exist in the way of a smooth, time bound and effective investigation.


The incorporation of specific cultural beliefs and behaviors into standard clinical treatments is sorely needed to improve our ability to provide services to people from diverse settings. Findings from a critical review of empirical research provides the basis for the modification of an integrative model of differential treatment selection. The relative influence of cultural beliefs and behaviors on patient characteristics, relationship variables, and treatment context are discussed. This article suggests ways to include cultural considerations at various steps within the model. Specific concerns, such as immigration, culture change, and conceptualizations of mental health, are discussed for one cultural group, the Chinese in the United States. A series of clinical practice decisions are suggested to guide clinicians in their efforts to incorporate specific cultural beliefs, including an analysis of the match between cultures and an assessment of the client's perceived opportunity within the culture of settlement. Types of interventions are suggested based on these decisions. A case study of a short-term treatment of a Chinese woman provides an illustration of the ways in which strategies and techniques in the model are modified.


Objective :To observe the effect of Yigan powder on acute hepatic injury induced by D-galactosamine(D-GalN) in mice.Method: Seventy-two mice were randomly divided into 6 groups(n=12): normal control group,model control group,positive control group and three dose groups of Yigan powder(38.4,19.2,9.6 g·kg-1).The mice in treatment groups were administered medicine respectively via gavages,while the others in control and model groups were treated with the same volume of normal saline.After seven days all the mice except those in the normal control group were treated with intraperitoneal injection of 10% D-GalN(850 mg·kg-1).Twenty-four hours later,the mice were killed and the blood sample and liver、spleen tissue were taken.The index of liver and spleen was calculated.Liver pathological changes were observed and the activities of serum ALT,AST were determined.Result: Acute liver injury could be significantly reduced by Yigan powder.Serum ALT,AST activity,liver and spleen index were significantly lowered compared with those in the model group(P0.05).Yigan powder could improve the acute liver injury in a dose dependent manner.Conclusion: Yigan powder had protective effect on acute hepatic injury induced by D-galactosamine.


The changes of component and structure on the surface of TiO2 xerogel powder prepared by sol-gel method were chariterized at several temperature stages by XRD,DSC,FTIR,XPS techniques.Types and proportions of organic functional groups on the surface of powder were studied at different calcination temperatures.The results show that when the calcination temperature increases,O-Ti-O structure transfers from the unordered complex reticulation and chain structure to the ordered crystal one.Surface carboxyl chelate compound is one of the important factors affecting TiO2 crystallization,200~300 ℃ is the effective temperature range in which quantities hydroxyl can exist.Carboxyl chelate compound starts decomposing at about 300 ℃,hydrophobic carbon chain groups are eliminated at 350 ℃,and the rate of organic molecules elimination is accelerated significantly at 300~350 ℃.


Objective To explore the experience of orthotopic heart transplantation and to improve the therapeutic effect.Methods Totally 20 patients with end-stage cardiomyopathy were treated with orthotopic heart transplantation,including a case of dilated cardiomyopathy,1 patient received conventional stanfordcardiac transplantation and 19 patients received bicaval anastomotic cardiac transplantation and 1 patient with combined heart and kidney transplantation(CHRT).The patients with pulmonary hypertension were treated with inhalation of NO and continuous pumping into the Prostacyclin during and after operation,which could reduce pulmonary artery pressure to prevent right cardiac dysfunction.To prevent acute rejection,Basiliximab and high-dose Medrol were used.All cases were prescribed with Cyclosporine A+Corticosteroids+MMF.Results 2 patients died in an early post-operative stage,1 of which died at 25 hours after operation for upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage;another patient with heart and kidney transplantation died at 18th day for thrombus of pulmonary.During 1~84 months follow-up,2 patients died in the later stage,1 of which died at 35th day for renal insufficiency and neurotoxicity of anti-rejection drug,another died at 46th day for infectious shock.The heart function of the survived patients recovered to level I~II(NYHA).Conclusion The operative result of heart transplantation can be improved by accurate selection for recipient,suitable surgical procedure and accurate management of peri-operation.


Abstract In 2011, the European Commission adopted the Framework for National Roma Integration Strategies up to 2020 which was a reaction to the failure of similar national strategies of its member countries and continuing discrimination and segregation of Roma in these countries. The main objectives of the European strategy are to combat discrimination and to ensure social and economic inclusion of Roma into the majority society. The main aim of the article is to give an overview of the cooperation between the European Union and its member states on the issue of Roma integration. To be more concrete, such kind of cooperation is analysed more thoroughly on the example of the Czech Republic, for which the inclusion of Roma is one of the most important tasks of its social development goals. Moreover, this country has been several times criticised by the European Union for its insufficient endeavour regarding the integration of Roma. The National Roma Integration Strategy by 2020 is aimed to improve the situation of Roma especially in the subjects of housing, health care, work and education. However, this strategy is also criticised by national NGOs from the point of view of both financial and institutional support.


To analyze the rheological and mechanical properties as well as the vibration-mechanical forbidden zone effect of row pile foundations, this paper employs time-dependent modulus to examine the rheological mechanics of soil. Drawing from viscoelastic theory, we derive the expression of deformation modulus in the frequency domain to analyze the frequency dependence of the shear modulus of rheological soils. We construct a continuous medium dynamics model of the pile-soil periodic structure, taking into account soil rheology, and derive the dispersion equation of shear waves in the periodic structure using the multiple scattering method. The band gap characteristics and parameters that influence the law of shear waves in rheological soil-row pile foundations are studied through the analysis of arithmetic cases. The results show that under the loading condition, the zero-frequency shear modulus of soil is larger than the initial modulus value, and the real part of the shear modulus decreases monotonically with the increase of frequency and finally converges to the initial modulus value; under the unloading condition, the zero-frequency shear modulus of soil is smaller than the initial modulus value, and the real part of the shear modulus increases monotonically with the increase of frequency and finally converges to the initial modulus value; the larger the relaxation time of soil, the faster the convergence rate; the imaginary part of the shear modulus of soil The imaginary part of the soil shear modulus is positive under loading condition and negative under unloading condition, the value of the imaginary part increases and then decreases with increasing frequency and finally converges to 0. The imaginary part reaches the peak at the critical frequency, the larger the relaxation time the smaller the critical frequency, and the peak of the imaginary part is independent of the relaxation time. This study analyzed the dispersion curve of shear waves in a pile-soil periodic structure and found that increasing low-frequency shear wave velocity in rheological soil pile foundation shifts the band gap position to a higher frequency band, resulting in a smaller band gap width than in linear elastic soil. The relaxation time of soil affects the frequency position and width of the band gap, with larger relaxation times resulting in higher frequency positions and smaller widths. Additionally, soil rheology widens the forbidden vibration band gap of the pile periodic structure when the filling rate of the pile foundation is larger.


We assessed the effects of short-term, naturally oscillating, climate variation on Crawfish Frogs (Lithobates areolatus), a long-lived member of the family Ranidae. Our data demonstrate 1) no relationship between drought conditions (high temperatures, low precipitation) and either breeding onset (phenological shifts) or breeding peaks; 2) no relationship between drought and adult survivorship (although there were trends; both females and males experienced their lowest survivorship estimates during the wettest years, a contrary finding related to crayfish burrow occupancy); 3) a strong relationship between drought and breeding duration; 4) a strong, inverse correlation between drought and body condition in both females and males; and as a result, 5) a relationship between drought and fecundity with potentially serious demographic consequences. If we assume that the mass of an individual egg remains constant under various climate conditions—i.e., that a reduction in egg mass equals a reduction in egg number not egg size—the effects of drought may be severe. Our estimated average difference of 2,647 eggs produced by individual females between wet and dry years translates into an estimated loss of 137 breeding adults recruited into this population following droughts, compared with wet year recruitment.


This work describes the first isolation and partial characterization of α-amylase inhibitors from cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) seeds. α-Amylase inhibitors were isolated using an affinity chromatography on Red Sepharose CL-6B. The bound Red Sepharose fraction was active against α-amylases from Bacillus sp., Aspergilus oryzae, V unguicu/ata seeds and also against α-amylases from Callosobruchus maculatus larvae.


Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a disease which affects the central nervous system and causes balance problem. In clinical, this disorder is usually evaluated using static posturography. Some linear or nonlinear measures, extracted from the posturographic data (i.e. center of pressure, COP) recorded during a balance test, has been used to analyze postural control of MS patients. In this study, the trend (TREND) and the sample entropy (SampEn), two nonlinear parameters were chosen to investigate their relationships with the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) score. 40 volunteers with different EDSS scores participated in our experiments with eyes open (EO) and closed (EC). TREND and 2 types of SampEn (SampEn1 and SampEn2) were calculated for each combined COP's position signal. The results have shown that TREND had a weak negative correlation to EDSS while SampEn2 had a strong positive correlation to EDSS. Compared to TREND and SampEn1, SampEn2 showed a better significant correlation to EDSS and an ability to discriminate the MS patients in the EC case. In addition, the outcome of the study suggests that the multi-dimensional nonlinear analysis could provide some information about the impact of disability progression in MS on dynamics of the COP data. Keywords—Balance, multiple sclerosis, nonlinear analysis, postural sway.


In concert hall and theatre design, it is important to consider the acoustics as perceived by the performers as well as the audience. Much research in the field of stage acoustics has focused on trying to define physical measures that could be used to predict musicians' perception of the acoustics. Some physical measures, namely the Early and Late Support parameters were introduced by Gade and modified to STearly,d and STlate,d by Wenmaekers et al.. These parameters can be derived from a measured or calculated impulse response and have been used to model sound levels in orchestras. Other suggestions for parameters are the Early and Late Sound Strength Gearly and Glate as introduced by Dammerud et al.. All these parameters aim to measure the amount of sound energy reflected by the stage boundaries (i.e. early) and the hall boundaries (i.e. late). However, there is still a lack of agreement on what stage designs are preferred by musicians and what physical measures are of importance. Studies using questionnaires with orchestra members judging concert halls did not always reveal a correlation between questionnaire results and physical measures. One possible cause for a lack of correlation might be related to uncertainties in the physical measurement, when excluding the effect of blocking, absorption and scattering by orchestra members on the parameter values.


ABSTRACT France is usually conceived of as an assimilationist country, where national identity is based on principled colour-blind values. The emergence of values running counter to the dominant French model during the 1980s and 1990s has therefore led to the formation of two dominant positions in the literature: advocates of the path-dependent nature of models have refused to acknowledge the existence of structural and durable dissonances with this formal colour blindness à la française, while the epigones of Gunnar Myrdal have only seen a contradiction between formal colour-blind principles and the actual treatment of minority groups in France, described in terms of a 'French dilemma'. Both positions are unsatisfying insofar as they fail properly to articulate the co-existence of, on the one hand, principles of colour blindness that have saturated public discourses in France over the last 30 years and, on the other, the no less omnipresent framing of French citizens with postcolonial immigrant origins in public and political discourses in racial and ethnic terms. To overcome this difficulty, Bertossi suggests we look at the mutually supportive relationship between colour blindness and the culturalization of French citizenship, and examine how the performative effects of the French colour-blind model have produced a framing of membership and identities in ethnic and racial terms in contemporary France. This analysis focuses on two different settings in which these effects can be observed: first, the official narrative on French citizenship, as provided by a series of public reports on immigrant integration published over the last three decades; second, the negotiations on ethnic and racial diversity in the French military after the end of conscription in the late 1990s and early 2000s.


The test was carried out by using the spectrum specimen of ZLD205A high strength cast aluminum alloy made by our plant, and the analysis condition was determined A quick and precise analysing method for ZLD205A was established This method is easy to operate, quick and accurate


Membranes are a key technology for the purification of potable water but they still require some improvement to make them more efficient. This thesis develops graphene oxide membranes through suggesting a protocol to recover membrane performance following long-term use and modifications to improve membrane efficiency for emerging contaminants and water treatment applications.


This article deals with the local existence of weak solutions for a wave equation with a nonlinear integral equation at the boundary.


Abstract To prevent coal mine water disasters, the main objective of this study is to predict the water enrichment of the main aquifer in a coal mine of China that has been threatened by water inrush. The prediction is carried out using a geographic information system (GIS) and a coupled analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy model. The flushing fluid consumption, burnt rock distribution, sand–shale ratio, and lithology structure index were determined as the main factors controlling the water enrichment of the aquifer. A thematic map of these main factors was constructed using the spatial data analysis functions of GIS and the data from a total of 146 drilling columns and field investigation. The weights of these controlling factors were calculated using the coupled model. A prediction map of the water enrichment of the aquifer was then developed by overlaying the thematic map with the weights of each controlling factor. The degree of water enrichment was finally divided into four levels for easy interpretation, where Level I denotes the highest water enrichment and poses the greatest threat of water disaster.


The transport properties of hybrid nanoribbons constructed by substituting zigzag graphane nanoribbons into zigzag graphene nanoribbons are investigated using the first-principles calculations and non-equilibrium Green's function. The transport properties of the hybrid systems are improved due to the appearance of transport platform with nontrivial conductance around the Fermi level. This enhancement attributes to the extra bands induced by the substituted graphane nanoribbons. Moreover, this enhancement is sensitive to the position and concentration of the substituted graphane nanoribbons in the system. Our results indicate that such hybrid system is an effective approach to modulate the transport properties of zigzag graphene nanoribbons.


The ESA formation Flying mission Proba-3 will y the giant solar coronagraph ASPIICS. The instrument is composed of a 1.4 meter diameter external occulting disc mounted on the Occulter Spacecraft and a Lyot-style solar coronagraph of 50mm diameter aperture carried by the Coronagraph Spacecraft positioned 144 meters behind. The system will observe the inner corona of the Sun, as close as 1.1 solar radius. For a solar coronagraph, the most critical source of straylight is the residual diffracted sunlight, which drives the scientific performance of the observation. This is especially the case for ASPIICS because of its reduced field-of-view close to the solar limb. The light from the Sun is first diffracted by the edge of the external occulter, and then propagates and scatters inside the instrument. There is a crucial need to estimate both intensity and distribution of the diffraction on the focal plane. Because of the very large size of the coronagraph, one cannot rely on representative full scale test campaign. Moreover, usual optics software package are not designed to perform such diffraction computation, with the required accuracy. Therefore, dedicated approaches have been developed in the frame of ASPIICS. First, novel numerical models compute the diffraction profile on the entrance pupil plane and instrument detector plane (Landini et al., Rougeot et al.), assuming perfect optics in the sense of multi-reflection and scattering. Results are confronted to experimental measurements of diffraction. The paper reports the results of the different approaches.


The effect of reviewing items and altering responses on the efficiency of computerized adap tive tests and the resultant ability estimates of examinees were explored. 220 students were ran domly assigned to a review condition; their test instructions indicated that each item must be answered when presented, but that the responses could be reviewed and altered at the end of the test. A sample of 492 students did not have the opportunity to review and alter responses. Within the review condition, examinee ability estimates before and after review were correlated .98. The average efficiency of the test was decreased by 1% after review. Approximately 32% of the examinees improved their ability estimates after review, but did not change their pass/fail status. Disallowing review on adaptive tests administered under these rules is not supported by these data.


AIMS AND METHOD

We conducted the first systematic territory-wide survey of electro-convulsive therapy (ECT) practice and utilisation in Hong Kong. All public ECT services were evaluated with a postal questionnaire, a visit and observations of ECT administration. All private ECT practitioners were surveyed using a postal questionnaire.

RESULTS

Most practice areas at the public ECT services in Hong Kong complied with College guidelines. However, a few private practitioners were still using outdated ECT machines. The number of ECT courses completed in 1998 was 0.34 per 10 000 population, which was much lower than the rate of ECT use in Western countries.

CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS

We obtained basic information on ECT services in Hong Kong and on areas requiring immediate attention.


The invention discloses a kitchen and food waste pollutant innocent and recycling treatment device. When the device comprises one hydrolysis treatment tank, one material elevator can be used for direct tank charging, a discharging port of the hydrolysis treatment tank is in communication connection with a spray explosion unloading bin through a pneumatic discharging valve, the device further comprises a dry and hot air storage tank, an input end of the dry and hot air storage tank is connected with a top end exhaust port of the hydrolysis treatment tank through an exhaust valve, and the device further comprises the material elevator arranged on one side of the hydrolysis treatment tank; when the device comprises more than two hydrolysis treatment tanks, material distributors are added between charging ports of the hydrolysis treatment tanks and a discharging port of the material elevator; the top end discharging port of the material elevator is connected with top end charging ports of the hydrolysis treatment tanks through a herringbone distributor and pneumatic charging valves sequentially, and the device further comprises a spray washing tower arranged on one side of the spray explosion unloading bin. With the adoption of the device and the technology thereof, thoroughly innocent and recycling treatment with quick sterilization can be performed on kitchen and food waste under the action of high-pressure and high-temperature steam; inorganic matters and organic matters mixed in the kitchen and food waste are thoroughly separated, meanwhile, innocent treatment is performed on gas discharged by the spray explosion unloading bin, and the gas reaches the discharge standard.


The case of [name removed] v. [Name removed] may be brought before the Michigan Supreme Court for the third time. In 1988, restaurateur [name removed] ordered then waitress [name removed] to undergo an HIV-antibody test at her own expense because several customers suspected that she might be HIV-positive. [Name removed] tested negative and sued [name removed] for discrimination under the State handicap statute. The trial judge dismissed the case and the Court of Appeals affirmed. In 1992, the State Supreme Court reversed the ruling, stating that the statute prohibits discrimination, even when it is based on erroneous perception of HIV infection. [Name removed] appealed, contending that he had a right under the Public Health Code to suspend [name removed] because he suspected that she had a contagious disease. The Court of Appeals cited other health regulations stating that a person with AIDS can continue working as a food handler because there is no evidence that HIV is spread through casual contact or exposure to food and water. [Name removed]' attorneys have asked the Michigan Supreme Court to reverse this ruling.


Mechanical design for twisted-tube heat exchanger is focused in this article.By means of equivalent tube bundle,tubesheet can be calculated using common method like GB 151 and common software like SW6;Dimentions for major axis length and tube pitch are discussed,reasonable tolerance are also approved in practice;Feasible measures about support baffle are advised to keep it stable and easily pulling-out;Finally,aspect need to be focused in subsequent research,such as axial rigidity research of twisted-tube bundle,is advised.


Driven by rapid urbanization, land use patterns have undergone dramatic changes, which have in turn influenced ecosystem services (ESs). The government has implemented ecological compensation and conservation actions to mitigate this negative impact, especially in metropolises. However, whether these measures will have the desired effect remains unclear. Therefore, understanding the spatio-temporal characteristics of ESs and their driving factors are crucial for regional development. In this study, we quantified carbon storage, water yield and soil conservation services based on land use maps. A Geographical Detector (GD) was used to analyze the driving mechanisms of ES changes in Beijing from 1985 to 2020. The results showed that (1) the obvious landscape pattern changes are urbanization, afforestation and cultivated land degradation in Beijing, (2) the three services showed an increasing trend overall, but the changes were different in each period, (3) in general, land use change is the main factor affecting ESs, and the urbanization and afforestation contributed the most. These results suggest that in highly urbanized metropolises, humans can still balance the demands of regional development and ESs reasonable planning. This study highlights the importance of afforestation for ESs, the necessity of harmonizing environmental concerns and human activities, and the need to conduct ecological management in Beijing to protect the ecological environment and coordinate regional development.


By comparing younger to older participants enrolled in a HIV vaccine efficacy trial, we aimed to gain insights into the inclusion of adolescents in future trials. This was a sub-analysis of a multisite HIV vaccine randomized clinical trial in South Africa, conducted January–September 2007. Motivations for trial enrolment, social harms, adverse events and loss to follow-up were compared between younger (18–20 years old) and older participants (21–35 years old). Both younger (n = 238) and older participants (n = 563) were equally likely to report enrolling for altruistic reasons. Younger females were less likely than older participants to join for trial reimbursement (p = 0.005), while younger males were more likely to enrol because the vaccine may provide protection from HIV-acquisition (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the number of social harms reported. Compared to males over 20 years old, 18–20-year-old females were less likely to experience adverse events (OR = 0.1, CI 0.01–0.80) and no more likely to be lost to follow-up (OR = 0.7, CI 0.39–1.25), while 18–20-year-old males were no more likely to experience adverse events (OR = 1.3, CI 0.58–2.83) or loss to follow-up (OR = 0.8, CI 0.51–1.41). Our data support the inclusion of younger participants who are at risk for HIV in future HIV vaccine efficacy trials.


Sucrase‐isomaltase (Si) and maltase‐glucoamylase (Mgam) are mucosal glucosidases required for digestion of starch to glucose. Ablation of maltase‐Mgam reduces in vivo starch digestion.


We study the transition from a Mott insulator to a superfluid in the Bose-Hubbard model at zero temperature for the experimental relevant dimensionalities one, two and three, and in the mean-field limit of high dimensionalities. Converting Kato's perturbation series into an efficient numerical algorithm capable of reaching high orders, we obtain accurate critical parameters for any filling factor.


Brown, Leslie and Susan Strega (Eds). Research as Resistance: Critical, Indigenous, and Anti-Oppressive Approaches. Toronto: Canadian Scholars' Press, 2005. 303 pages. ISBN -13-978-1551302751. Paper $39.95. With the publication of Research as Resistance: Critical, Indigenous, and Anti-Oppressive Approaches, Leslie Brown, Susan Strega, and contributors have provided a valuable resource and point of reference for academics and practitioners who are operating from, by, and within ihe margins. Beyond contextualizing the discriminatory nature of dominant epistemologies and ontologies of traditional research, the critical framework adopted within this collected works further critiques the methodological privileging of objectivity, neutrality, the application of reason, and the adoption of quantitative methods. From an Indigenous standpoint, this publication serves as a stimulating extension to Linda Tuhiwai Smith's Decolonizing Methodologies.^ In her text, Smith challenges Indigenous scholars to 'research back,' demystify, and decolonize the inextricably imperial and colonial nature of scientific research. Building upon the work of Smith and other notable Indigenous scholars, Research as Resistance incorporates the works of those who are not only negotiating from positions of Indigenous marginality but also those who sit on their own respective 'borders of otherness.' By including a diverse collection of critical, Indigenous, and antioppressive approaches, Brown and Strega successfully reveal the breadth and possibility of innovative research methods and methodologies that can be shared between those who occupy discrete positions of marginality. Through their respective discussions on anti-oppressive approaches, Moosa-Mitha, Strega, and Potts and Brown bring theoretical continuity to this compilation of collected works. All three discussions critique the hegemonic nature of dominant ontological and epistemological norms. Indigenous contributors urge that culturally relevant research methods be infused within academic scholarship. Kovach encourages Indigenous scholars to ensure that dreams are legitimized as important sources of knowledge; Absolon and Willet suggest a provoking means of locating oneself in Aboriginal research and propose that we put ourselves forward by re-vising, re-claiming, re-naming, remembering, re-connecting, re-covering, and re-searching; and QzuFsig'yah'maht-Thomas shares an inspiring reflection on the teachings of her grandmother and urges Indigenous scholars to honour the power of storytellers by positioning storytelling as a resistance methodology. …


By means of the pyridine-silver staining technique and light microscopy Evans & Murray (1954) and Agostoni, Chinnock, Daly & Murray (1957) showed that the unmyelinated fibres in the mammalian cervical vagus greatly outnumber the myelinated fibres, but the limited resolution of the light microscope impairs its accuracy for counting unmyelinated axons (Douglas & Ritchie, 1962; Iggo, 1966). The electron microscope readily distinguishes individual unmyelinated axons, although its restricted field creates further problems in accurately counting unmyelinated fibres in all but very small nerves. Only four sources have been found which discuss the numbers of unmyelinated and myelinated axons in the avian cervical vagus nerve. Dahl, Samson & Balfour (1964) made no actual counts but assumed that in the domestic fowl the nerve consists predominantly of unmyelinated fibres. Brown, Molony, King & Cook (1972) counted the myelinated fibres in the left cervical vagus of two adult chickens, and then estimated (from 13 and 14 electron micrographs respectively) the ratio of myelinated to unmyelinated axons in this nerve; from these data they calculated the approximate total number of unmyelinated fibres. Subsequently the topic was comprehensively investigated by Abdalla (1974) in the same species. Schwaber & Cohen (1978) analysed electron microscopically the fibre composition of the vagus nerve of the domestic pigeon (Columba livia) with particular reference to cardiac innervation. The purpose of the present study was to use the electron microscope to estimate, firstly, the number and range of diameter of the unmyelinated axons in the cervical vagus nerve of the domestic fowl, and, secondly, the numbers of afferent and efferent unmyelinated axons in this nerve.


The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition and a preparation method and the application thereof. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from eucommia bark, radix scutellariae (preparation), herba artemisiae capillaries, capejasmine (stir-bake), rhubarb, herba hyperici japonica, dittany bark, Tuckahoe, salvia miltiorrhiza and radix curcumae according to certain proportioning by weight and can be prepared to any common peroral dosage type. The traditional Chinese medicine composition has the action of kidney tonify, miscarriage prevention, petechia passing, cholagogic effect, invigorating spleen and eliminating dampness and is safe and effective to treat pregnancy intrahepatic cholestasis, ABO blood group incompatibility, icterus neonatorum, and the like.


Based on the aspheric off-axis reflection projection system,the Zernike free-form surface was adopted to replace the aspheric surface in order to further optimize the system structure.The relationship between Zernike polynomial and Seidel aberration was utilized to improve the system performance.One aspheric surface in four aspheric system was replaced by one Zernike free-form surface,thus the thickness of the projection system was reduced from 24 cm to 20 cm;the modulation transfer function(MTF) of ±1 field was improved from 45% to 57% at 50 lp/mm,and the MTFs of both center field and 0.7 field were improved from 60% to 70%;the distortions of both systems were less than 3%,and the field curvature was less than 18 mm because the screen was cylinder.The results show that the projection system with Zernike free-form surface can not only improve the performance of optical system but also realize more ultra-thin structures.


Analyses of closed-isobar, non-migratory, thermal low-pressure frequencies are presented for an 11-year period, 1974–1984, over the south-western USA and north-western Mexico. Average onset and breakdown dates, preferred locations, and the vertical extent of the system are presented. The effect of upper level (500 mbar) flow on the presence of the thermal low and relationships between the system and precipitation in Arizona and western Mexico also are investigated. The analyses suggest a preferred region for the formation and sustenance of the thermal low near the south-west coast of the USA and the west coast of Mexico. Within this region exist two frequency maxima, centred over the desert regions of the American South-west and north-western Mexico and over the plateau highlands of the Sierra Madre Occidental. The system is most prevalent from mid-June until mid-September and reaches its maximum vertical extent near 700 mbar in July and early August. This variation may be attributed to the zenithal progression of the sun, although short-term fluctuations in the strength of the system during the summer period probably are related to changes in cloud cover over the low. Specifically, precipitation in advance of 500-mbar troughs passing to the north of the system appears to be associated with the weakening of the thermal low, suggesting a negative feedback relationship that deserves further investigation.


As one kind of electric space propulsion systems, pulsed plasma thrusters transform electrical energy into kinetic energy of an exhaust medium by means of a pulsed discharge. Due to the short discharge time, the nature of the discharge remained unraveled for long time. In recent years, indications from experimental work pointed to a strong similarity with vacuum arc thrusters and triggered vacuum gaps, including the presence of an arc. This study applies optical methods including high-speed camera observation and emission spectroscopy in a first attempt to describe the discharge arc in a pulsed plasma thruster. Results include the position and broadness of the arc as a function of time and voltage as well as a description of the species based on the spectral data.


Measurement error models (or errors-in variables models) have been explored since the latter part of the 19th century. Much activity and results in estimation and statistical inference have been forthcoming in linear and non-linear measurement error models, particularly in the past 10 to 15 years. Likewise, tests of separate families of hypotheses have received much attention sice Cox (1961, 1962) introduced a method of testing separate families of hypotheses. The aim of this paper is to provide results for testing separate linear models using Cox's methodology under the assumption of the functional measurement error model for which the error structure has a normal distribution. Simulations are used to compare the results of the Cox test when using estimates adjusted for measurement error, naive estimats, and estimates derived from true values. The overall conclusions derived from the simulation results are mixed. However, if the measurement error is small and collinearity between explanatory variables fr...


Volution whorl is the important part of the compressor,whose working capability and quality lie on the machining precision and roughness of volution groove.The above two requirements me not ensured by traditional grogramme.This paper brings forward a new programme method for mechincal working.Which includes drawing the workpiece,creating the process trail,and the NC code is finally made through the postposition function of MasterCAM,and also checked by the simulation function of the software.At last the finished NC code is applied into the mechincal working.The machining result shows that the above method helps to improve the drawing and machining precisiong of the volution groove,and also improve mechanism performance,fatigue life,and the machining efficiency.


In the present article an effort has been made to design and develop a diet recommendation system for Metabolic Disorders patients. The key feature of this system is to recommend a menu for dinner to maintain nutritional micros as per daily requirements.The proposed intelligent decision-making system is designed as per the following phases:Under the 1st Phase, we compute the requirement of calories as per the Patient's personal information (like sex, age, height, weight), physical activity, environmental situations, and food habits on a daily basis. Under the 2nd Phase, development of knowledge base as per Patient's foods habits information. 3rd Phase is based on designing the recommendation system for a dinner menu to maintain nutritional micros as per daily requirements. The results of the system have been validated by using the Degree of match algorithm and comments of Nutritional experts. This intelligent decision making system will help the ordinary people living in urban and rural areas, especially those not aware of the nutritional value concerned with their daily food items.


This paper presents an identity-based threshold blind multi-signature from bilinear pairings on the elliptic curve by adopting threshold cryptography and blind signature scheme.It analyzes the security and efficiency of this scheme.This scheme has several security characteristics,such as blindness,non-forgery,etc.


The monitoring and control of business processes and their variables have strategic importance in order to respond to the dynamics of the world of business. Many monitoring processes are focussed on controlling time and cost and the overall performance is evaluated through a standard set of key performance indicators. These passive approaches do not consider a holistic/system view and therefore ignore the interrelationships between various external and internal variables impacting a business process. This paper investigates an application of multivariate statistical process control techniques [mainly principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS)] which have been successfully used in process and chemical industries, to model, monitor, control and predict business process variables. A prototype, innovative managerial control system (IMCS), was developed to investigate the application of PCA and PLS techniques to monitor, control and predict business process performance. Data was collect...


Efficacy and phytotoxicity of 2 miticides were evaluated on the Bill Monds farm near Tyner in northern Chowan County. Peanuts were grown under standard production practices in sandy soil. The field was selected because of a naturally occurring, uniformly distributed population of mites. Plants were showing signs of stress both from spider mite feeding and from drought. Plots 2 rows wide (36-inch centers) × 20 ft long were arranged in a randomized complete block design with an untreated check in each of the 4 replicates. Treatments were applied using a CO2-pressurized backpack sprayer delivering 30 gal/acre at 40 psi using 8002 flat-fan nozzles. The 1st treatments were applied on 23 Jul under sunny and hot (100°F) conditions. All border areas were treated with Comite to reduce edge reinfestation. A 0.5-inch rainfall occurred on 26 Jul. The plots were retreated 28 Jul under sunny skies with temperatures at 87°F. Mites were sampled by randomly selecting 25 leaflets/plot. Leaflets were placed in plastic bags and kept cool until processed with a mite-brushing machine. Samples were taken at 7 days (4 Aug), 9 days (6 Aug), 14 days (11 Aug), 21 days (18 Aug), and 28 days (25 Aug). All data were transformed × + 0.5 prior to analysis. Plots were visually examined for evidence of phytotoxicity.


Objectives: There is quite a debate about frequencies around 8 Hz playing a role in the human brain but also in micro-vibrations in muscles of the body. There are also claims about a positive bodily and mental influence of various kinds of vibrating whole-body stimulations. We have studied the effects of such a rhythmic whole-body stimulation on a subjective level. Study Design: We tested the effects of 20 minutes mechanical whole-body stimulation at about 8 Hz on physical and mental wellbeing on 20 healthy participants. An additional control group of 20 participants kept the same body postures in a relaxation session. Outcome Measures: Changes in bodily sensations, emotions and mental experiences as well as the phenomenology of consciousness were assessed by questionnaires. Results: Compared to a control group, vibrational stimulation resulted in a significant more intense and wider body feeling and changes of the body image summarized in a factor called Integration (z=1.94, p<.05). It also provided slightly more experiences of bliss (z=2.1, p<.05). Effect sizes were moderate. Conclusions: Despite rhythmic whole-body stimulation has an overall positive effect on body, mind and wellbeing, when compared to a relaxation exercise, it only offered a slightly more extended body awareness and stronger experiences of bliss.


Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of rabies in Meizhou city and provide the scientific basis for the control and prevention of rabies.Method The data of epidemic situation and personal survey from 2001 to 2006 in Meizhou was epidemiologically analyzed.Result There were 127 cases of rabies in Meizhou between 2001 and 2006.The annual incidence was 0.43/100000,with a mortality of 100%.There was no obvious peak season.The infected male to female ratio was 1.76:1.57.48% of the infected people were farmers.Conclusion The rabies epidemic situation is grave in Meizhou city.The occurrence was mainly in Wuhua county.A high density of dogs,low immunization rate,inappropriate treatment and limited health knowledge of the general public were the major cause of the outbreak of rabies.Strengthening of managing the dogs,increasing the vaccination rate of the dogs and the health education in general public are the focus of our work in the future.


In the research of array sensors.in analysis and detection are mainly include charge coupled device,charge injected device,photomultiplier tube,and photodiode array detector. The charge coupled device is used widely in the majority spectrometer. The cost of running charge injected device is very high,so its application is limited. Photomultiplier is the most suitable to photoelectric spectrometer. The Photodiode array detector is used in the liquid chromatography analysis. With the development of sensors,there will be more new technology used in analysis and diction.


Provided is a metering module having a plug and play function. The metering module comprises an ammeter body and a transformational structure composed of a first interconnecting portion, a second interconnecting portion, and a transition portion, wherein the first interconnecting portion is provided with a plurality of terminals for connecting with the terminal of the ammeter body; the second interconnecting portion is provided with a plurality of terminals for connecting with other devices; and the transition portion is provided with a plurality of conductive members for electrically connecting the terminals assigned by the first interconnecting portion and the terminals assigned by the second interconnecting portion together.


David lles, of the SCI, considers when UK bridge designers will start using the Eurocodes, how the process and the outcomes will differ from those with BS 5400 and how support is being provided.


The luminescence properties of the anion of p-aminobenzoic acid adsorbed on sodium acetate and filter paper were compared to gain insights into the interactions that result in the fluorescence and phosphorescence of p-aminobenzoate. Fluorescence quantum yields, phosphorescence quantum yields, and phosphorescence lifetimes were obtained for the anion of p-aminobenzoic acid adsorbed on filter paper. Preexponential and activation energy terms were calculated for p-aminobenzoate on filter paper and compared with similar terms for p-aminobenzoate adsorbed on sodium acetate. It was shown that there was a simple relationship between the reciprocal of the phosphorescence lifetimes and the thermal processes that cause deactivation of the triplet state. It was concluded that p-aminobenzoate is incorporated into the crystal structure of sodium acetate and the triplet energy of p-aminobenzoate was lost primarily via skeletal vibrations in NaOAc. For the anion of p-aminobenzoic acid on filter paper, some of the triplet energy was lost through vibrational modes in the filter paper, although other factors would also be involved in the loss of the triplet-state energy.


Aim  Environmental niche models that utilize presence‐only data have been increasingly employed to model species distributions and test ecological and evolutionary predictions. The ideal method for evaluating the accuracy of a niche model is to train a model with one dataset and then test model predictions against an independent dataset. However, a truly independent dataset is often not available, and instead random subsets of the total data are used for 'training' and 'testing' purposes. The goal of this study was to determine how spatially autocorrelated sampling affects measures of niche model accuracy when using subsets of a larger dataset for accuracy evaluation.


A novel model based on empirical mode decomposition(EMD) and neural network for dam deformation prediction is presented in the paper.Firstly,considering that EMD has an advantage to do adaptive decomposition according to characteristics of the signal itself,deformation time series is decomposed into a series of intrinsic mode functions(IMF) in different scale space.Then,according to the change regulation of each IMF,they are forecasted by appropriate LM-BP neural networks.Finally,these forecasting results of each IMF are combined to obtain final forecasting result.The calculation result of a practical example shows that this model has higher forecasting precision and better adaptability.


Securing Internet of Things is currently one of the most challenging tasks standing before the research community. Finding adequate combination of strong cryptography, lightweight computation and minimalistic data transmission with scarce energy resources and no maintenance times is very hard. This paper introduces new mechanism for IEEE 802.1X authentication scheme that has been previously extended for the IEEE 802.15.4 networks. The new solution has been designed to minimize the number of transmitted packets during the authentication process through maximization of the Extensible Authentication Protocol Maximum Transfer Unit. The results have been promising for the certificate based EAP Methods with reduction of around 10% of transferred packets for the EAP-TLS-RSA based methods and around 7% for the EAP-TLS-ECDSA based methods.


Voltammetric measurement was performed with a solid electrode surface which was renewed every several seconds by laser-ablation. The voltammograms obtained were, in appearance, quite similar to polarograms obtained with a dropping mercury electrode (DME). Oxidation waves of [Fe(CN)6]4− and L-ascorbic acid were examined by this voltammetry.


Let $M$ be a connected compact $C^\infty$ manifold of dimension $n\ge4$ without boundary. Let $ \mathcal{M}^k$ be the set of all $C^k$ Riemannian metrics on $M$. Any $g\in\mathcal{M}^k$ determines the Weyl tensor $$ \mathcal W^g\colon M\to \mathbb R^{4n},\qquad \mathcal W^g(\xi):=(W^g_{ijkl}(\xi))_{i,j,k,l=1,\dots,n}.$$ We prove that the set $$\mathcal{A}:=\big\{g\in \mathcal{M}^k : |\mathcal W^g(\xi)|+|D \mathcal W^g(\xi)|+|D^2 \mathcal W^g(\xi)|> 0\ \hbox{for any}\ \xi\in M\big\}$$ is an open dense subset of $\mathcal{M}^k$.


The headache of migraine has been attributed to cerebral blood flow increase caused by ischemic anaerobic glycolysis and lactate acidosis set up during the prodrome of the attack. The recent development of in-vivo 31-P NMR spectroscopy has made possible the combined study of energy metabolism and pH in clinical patients. We employed this technique to study migraine patients (both classic and common migraine), transient ischemic attack patients, and age-matched controls in order to further characterize brain energy metabolism and pH changes. Patients were studied between migraine attacks, during the migraine ictus, and at the end of the migraine.


Objective To investigate the effect of long-term treatment of combinationof metformin with nitrendipine and atenolol on blood pressure, body weight, levelof insulin resistance (IR), glucose tolerance, lipid metabolism and blood creatininein patients with essential hypertension(EH). Methods One hundred eleven patientswith mild to moderate EH were randomly divided into 2 groups: nitrendiping withatenolol group (group A, n=51) and metformin with nitrendipine and atenolol group(group B, n=60). Treatment period lasted for 14 months. Results The totalresponsive rates were 88.2% (45/51) in group A and 96.7% (58/60) in group B(P0.05). After treatment of combination of nitrendipine with atenolol, bodyweight was significantly increased ( P0.05). Insulin sensitivity index (ISI) wasunchanged (P05), fasting blood glucose was significantly increased (P0.001),low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) was increased markedly (P0.05), highdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C)/LDL-C ratio was decreased markedly(P0.05). After treatment of metformin with nitrendipine and atenolol, body weightwas unchanged, ISI significantly increased (P0.05), both blood glucose, HDL-C/LDL-C ratio and blood creatinine decreased markedly. Compared with treatment ofcombination of nitrendipine with atenolol, treatment of combination of metforminwith nitrendipine and atenolol may control blood pressure more efficiently, preventedbody weight gaining, and has beneficial effect on improving insulin sensitivity,kidney function and carbohydrate metabolism in EH patients. Conclusion Thesesuggested that the combination of metformin with nitrendipine and atenolol maybe a good medicine compounding.


Cold War paranoia - theirs and ours coming apart in the atomic age fashioning femininity - the female body politic the fiction editor at the magazine for smart young women the Rosenbergs and the text of the sentence the motherly breath of the suburbs you don't blame me for hating my mother, do you? I am not a homosexual and I have never been a homosexual.


This paper gives an overview and elaboration of the latest results obtained by the authors of this paper in the field of quaternion and biquaternion models and algorithms of strapdown and platform inertial navigation systems. The previous accomplishments were presented at the 20th–23rd, 25th and 26th Saint Petersburg International Conferences on Integrated Navigation Systems. The proposed models and algorithms increase the efficiency of the analytical study of the properties of inertial navigation and the accuracy of the autonomous calculation of the orientation and navigation parameters of moving objects.


The cultural informant role as sketched by Judith Powers, in her article "Rethinking Writing Center Conferencing Strategies for the ESL Writer," was warmly received in our writing center when I introduced it shortly after her article appeared in 1993. With ESL students comprising a steady 30% to 40% of our clients, we had had plenty of experience with feeling not only the inadequacy of nondirective tutoring for meeting the needs of non-native writers but also the uneasiness of sessions that strayed from that approach, by then synonymous with effective one-toone work (Brooks 1; Ashton-Jones 31-33; Shamoon and Burns 135-36). The cultural informant role endorsed by Powers gives writing center tutors flexibility for meeting specific needs of ESL students not met by the nondirective writing center ideal. With their many cultural, rhetorical, and linguistic differences, ESL students often lack the knowledge to engage in the question-and-answer approach to problem-solving used in most writing centers (Powers 40-41). And the read-aloud method for discovering sentence-level errors, frequently productive for native speakers, provides little help to ESL students who lack the ear to hear their own errors (Powers 41-42). The value of the cultural informant role, then, is that it validates sharing information about English that these students have no way of knowing on their own. Yet after several semesters of basking in this more flexible approach, many of us on the staff, including graduate assistants in both English and Linguistics as well as practicum students, began to feel that too often this role, at least when sentence-level errors were concerned, tended to translate into the tutor editing and the student observing. Katherine Purcell, in her recent article "Making Sense of Meaning: ESL 6 The Writing Center Journal


The United Nations 2030 Agenda for sustainable development (2030 Agenda) adopted in 2015 has underlined seventeen sustainable development goals (SDGs). The SDGs are used to chart the actions over the next fifteen years (2016-2030) in areas of critical importance for humanity and the planet towards sustainable development. Malaysia is among the countries that have put the SDGs in its development agenda and is on track to achieve the SDGs. Many countries including Malaysia use nuclear science and technology (NST) to meet their development objectives in various areas including food and agriculture, industry, human health, energy, water management, and environmental protection. The use of NST can help to achieve nine of the seventeen SDGs. This paper aims at highlighting the role of nuclear science and technology in supporting the implementation of the SDGs in Malaysia.


The synthesis and the benzodiazepine receptor activity of some pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinoxalines bearing various substituents on the tricyclic heteroaromatic system are reported. Only one of the tested compounds showed some receptor affinity.


What factors account for local government land use practices and their choices among specific growth management policy instruments? We apply the political market framework to examine how land use policy choices in Florida are shaped by institutional features of county governments and the demands of organizations and interests in a community. Local policy decisions reflect a balance of the conflicting interests and responses to economic and political pressures. The results demonstrate that county government structure and election rules play critical roles in the adoption of urban service boundaries, incentive zoning, and transfer of development rights programs. We report evidence consistent with the argument that these "second-generation" growth management policies are motivated by exclusionary goals.


In mediation analysis, the exposure often influences the mediating effect, i.e., there is an interaction between exposure and mediator on the dependent variable. When the mediator is high-dimensional, it is necessary to identify non-zero mediators (M) and exposure-by-mediator (X-by-M) interactions. Although several high-dimensional mediation methods can naturally handle X-by-M interactions, research is scarce in preserving the underlying hierarchical structure between the main effects and the interactions. To fill the knowledge gap, we develop the XMInt procedure to select M and X-by-M interactions in the high-dimensional mediators setting while preserving the hierarchical structure. Our proposed method employs a sequential regularization-based forward-selection approach to identify the mediators and their hierarchically preserved interaction with exposure. Our numerical experiments showed promising selection results. Further, we applied our method to ADNI morphological data and examined the role of cortical thickness and subcortical volumes on the effect of amyloid-beta accumulation on cognitive performance, which could be helpful in understanding the brain compensation mechanism.


The process, the selection of equipment, operation status, the existing problem and the countermeasures of 75 t/d ioninc membrane caustic soda equipment were introduced.The matters needing attention in the abroad project was discussed.


We studied low energy effects of impurities in several chiral 1D electron systems that contain only excitations moving in one direction. We first considered single-impurity scattering between two branches of 1D chiral Luttinger liquids. The general form of impurity scattering matrix was found which, some times, allow the chemical potentials on the outgoing branches to be higher (or lower) then the maximum (or minimum) chemical potentials on the incoming branches. We also studied the effects of many impurities (with finite density) on two branches of 1D chiral Fermi liquids (that appear on the edge of $\nu=2$ integral quantum Hall liquid). We found that the impurities drive the system to a new fix point at low energies which has an SU(2) symmetry even when the two branches originally have different velocities. (Note a clean system is SU(2) symmetric only when the two branches have the same velocity.) The probability distribution and correlation of scattering matrices at different energies are described by universal functions which are calculated exactly for this new fixed point.


YBOR CITY IS the historic Latin Quarter in Tampa, Florida. First established in 1886, this neighborhood was the site of Tampa's cigar factories and was populated by Cuban, Spanish, and Italian immigrants. After World War II, white flight and physical decay brought racial changes, and in the 1960s urban renewal demolished much of the residential section. In the 1970s, however, planners and developers launched an effort to revitalize Ybor City. In this article I examine Hie racial and ethnic politics surrounding Ybor City revitalization, focusing on historical patterns of interethnic relations and contemporary efforts to promote the cultural heritage of the neighborhood, [historic preservation, ethnicity, race, neighborhood, revitalization]


Let $\mathscr{X}$ be a complex Banach space and $\mathcal{L}(\mathscr{X})$ be the algebra of all bounded linear operators on $\mathscr{X}$. For a given elementary operator $\Phi$ of length $2$ on $\mathcal{L}(\mathscr{X})$, we determine necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a solution of the equation ${\rm X} \Phi=0$ in the algebra of all elementary operators on $\mathcal{L}(\mathscr{X})$. Our approach allows us to characterize some invertible elementary operators of length $2$ whose inverses are elementary operators.


Abstract In this cross-cultural, European study of 644 women and men, aged 65–98 years, food habits and foodwork were examined from a life course perspective. The study is a part of the"Food in Later Life – Choosing foods, eating meals:sustaining independence and quality of life" project, which was carried out in eight European countries using qualitative interviews for data collection. Informants in all eight countries reported experiences of a time when access to food was limited and when foodwork in the household context was extensive. Important transitions and turning points occurred during their lives, and marriage meant that women took on the role of food-givers and men the role of food-receivers. Other changes in relation to food habits and foodwork arose when they were suddenly alone, contracted a disease and retired. Loss of appetite, loneliness, frailty and disease in the last part of life were identified as a transition towards less elaborated meals.


The interaction between surface waves and a surface breaking crack is studied experimentally. In this study, the surface wave is generated by dropping a small ball on the long side of a large plate. The wave motions are monitored on both sides of the crack with a pair of piezoelectric transducers. Upon analyzing the results, we have found that: (1) the arrival time of different wave components to the recording transducer placed on the forward side of the crack may be estimated by regarding the crack tip as a buried source to each impinging wave components; and (2) the depth of the crack may be estimated by comparing the amplitude spectra of the wave motions recorded on both sides of the crack.


Visualization has become indispensable in the analysis and interpretation of data from experiment and simulation. To adequately represent the diversity of studied phenomena, it is necessary to support researchers with tools that are easy to use and allow effective data visualization with special regard to individual requirements. This contribution presents the visualization tool Omix, an editor for metabolic network diagrams and a customizable visualization framework. As an outstanding feature, data visualization is script-based. The dedicated new scripting language OVL (Omix Visualization Language) enables the user to freely design the manner data is visualized in the network. An intuitive user interface, several newly developed, domain-specific drawing automatisms as well as visualization concepts make the software Omix a mature computational tool supporting the specific requirements of researchers from systems biology and life science domains as will be demonstrated on several application examples.


Background: Amniotic fluid index is one of the major predictors of pregnancy outcome. Less AFI indicate growth restriction and renal anomalies of fetus, whereas more may indicate fetal GI anomalies, maternal diabetes mellitus, and so forth. Objectives were to establish reference standards for AFI for local population after 34 weeks of pregnancy and to decide an optimal scan interval for AFI estimation in third trimester in low-risk antenatal women.
Methods: A prospective estimation of AFI was done in 83 healthy low risk pregnant women from 34 to 40 weeks at weekly intervals. The trend of amniotic fluid volume was studied with advancing gestational age. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software (Version 16, Chicago, IL). Percentile curves (5th, 50th, and 95th centiles) were constructed for comparison with other studies. Cohen's d coefficient was used to examine the magnitude of change at different time intervals.
Results: Starting from 34 weeks till 40 weeks, 83 ultrasound measurements were available. The mean (standard deviation) of AFI values (in cms) were 34W:14.59(1.79), 35W: 14.25 (1.57), 36W: 13.17 (1.56), 37W: 12.48 (1.52), 38W: 12.2 (1.7), and 39W: 11.37 (1.71). The5th percentile cut-off was 8.7 cm at 40 weeks. There was a gradual decline of AFI values as the gestational age approached term. Significant drop in AFI was noted at two-week intervals.
Conclusions: Appreciable changes occurred in AFI values as gestation advanced by two weeks. Hence, it is recommended to follow up low risk antenatal women every two weeks after 34 weeks of pregnancy.


The Executive Chef's Arthritis Cookbook and Health Guide, C. Haupt and J. McKay, PO Box 880130, Pukalani, HI 96768: Arthritis Cookbook Corporation, 2002, Paperback, pp. 360, $24.95. Nutrition and Aging, Nestle Nutrition Workshop Series Clinical & Performance Program, Vol. 6, I.H. Rosenberg and A. Sastre, PO Box CH-4009, Basel, Switzerland: S. Karger AG, www.karger.com, 2002, Hardcover, pp. 257, $198.25. The Nutritionist, R. Wildman, Binghamton, NY: The Haworth Press, Inc., 2002, Hardcover, pp. 421, $49.95. Practical Exercises in Pharmacy Law and Ethics, 2nd ed., G.E. Appelbe, J. Wingfield and L.M. Taylor, 100 South Atkinson Road, Suite 206, Grayslake, IL 60030-7820: Pharmaceutical Press, 2002, Paperback, pp. 236, $29.95.


This study aims to construct a theory of multi-dimensional organizational innovation cultures and innovation performance in transitional economies and explore the moderating effect of team cohesion on this theoretical relationship.,Using data collected from 175 manufacturing firms in transitional economies, this study constructs a new theory framework of multi-dimensional organizational innovation cultures (knowledge sharing, organizational innovation atmosphere, team decision-making and organizational change) and firms' innovation performance and also explores the moderating effect of team cohesion on this theoretical relationship.,The findings show that there are positive relationships between knowledge sharing, organizational innovation atmosphere, team decision-making, organizational change and innovation performance of firms. Furthermore, team cohesion plays a positive moderating role in this relationship.,It extends the general understanding of multi-dimensional organizational cultures management in the context of transition economies by exploring the differences between the Chinese and Vietnamese firms in terms of the impact of organizational innovation culture on innovation performance.,This study constructs a new theory framework of multi-dimensional organizational innovation cultures along the four dimensions of knowledge sharing, organizational innovation atmosphere, team decision-making and organizational change. These factors together have rarely been examined before. Hence, the findings extend existing research on organizational cultures management. Moreover, a new idea for this study is that the authors consider team cohesion as a moderating variable between organizational innovation culture and innovation performance of firms, hence providing both theoretical discussion and empirical validation of the impact of team cohesion on this relationship. It thus extends existing research on the team theory.


After Xiaolangdi Reservoir was in operation,it caused underground water level raised in the area.When water passed through the coal bottom board and the crack of the top board in the mined-out area,it caused the top board rock soften and then caused the earth fissure and land subsidence,which seriously influence on the safe of the villagers'lives and properties and the coalmine.This paper analyses the influence of Xiaolangdi Reservoir impounding to the coal mined-out area and coalmine safe producing of Jiyuan Section.Finally,the paper puts forward some prevention and cure measures.


The Northampton General Infirmary.?The whole tenure of the annual meeting of the Northampton General Infirmary showed a spirit of progress and enlightenment which augurs well for the future prospects of the institution, and affords good reason for the present satisfactory condition. In reporting the improvements which have recently been effected, the management still frankly admit that their hospital is far from complete in many ways, and in pointing out where improvement is desirable or


Methanol is currently produced from methane by the catalytic oxidation of methane to synthesis gas, followed by catalytic methanol synthesis. A single-step partial oxidation of methane to methanol would be highly desirable, if the reaction kinetics could be controlled. Using such an approach, the authors have experimentally achieved 70% conversion selectively to methanol at low yield, and have developed a predictive free-radical chemical kinetics model based on fundamental measurements. This model is described in this paper. Oxidation of methane with slightly substoichiometric to stoichiometric concentrations of oxygen at pressures greater than 50 atm and temperatures in the range of 800-1000 {Kappa} is predicted to give attractive yields of methanol when the free-radical populations can be controlled and the reaction can be optimally terminated.


In this work a PLC has been used for controlling the home appliances. For that we are using several types of sensor and actuators and some logical operations for controlling the systems. As PLC is a controller which will help us to control and compute the logical operations based on our program. Along with this, also Arduino UNO have been used for this purpose. Tia portal and Arduino software are used for programming. And in addition, a HMI has been used for controlling and monitoring the system and for security purpose. The reason behind using the PLC is that it is durable, flexible, communication and minimum maintenanc


Device configuration tool support for the farm in the non-destructive testing, ongoing or manufacturing output of steel products such as pipes or other long products being designed this tool to extract information about any imperfections of the tube, from return signals that catch (73), consecutively selective excitation (70) emitting ultrasonic sensors according to a law chosen times, ultrasound sensors receptors that determine an arrangement of geometry chosen, mounted in ultrasound coupling with the pipe by means of a liquid medium, with relative rotation / translation between the pipe and the transducer arrangement, characterizing said tool operating it comprises: a converter (891, 892) capable of selectively isolating a digital representation of possible echoes in a designated, depending on the relative movement of rotation / translation, and extract from it an image (901, 902) of any imperfections in the tube, a filter (921, 922) capable of determining, in the images temporal windows (901 , 902), areas of presumed imperfection (Zcur) as well as properties of each alleged imperfection, a combiner (960), accommodated to prepare digital inputs work from an extract (951, 952) of the images corresponding to a area alleged imperfection (Zcur), properties of the presumed defect in the same area, from the filter (921, 922), and context data (740), at least one arrangement of the neural circuit (970) class, which receives inputs work from the combiner (960), a digital stage decision and alarm (992) operating on the basis of the output of the arrangement of the neural circuit (970) class, and an automaton of seleccio and marked (994), accommodated to rule and mark tubes that digital decision and alarm stage (992) has decided not to comply.


This slidepack is produced as an aid to teaching and learning, as a reference of Great Britain's recent energy transition, and an indication of the challenges ahead.


The problem of peoples' origin and development is one of the most discussed in the Russian humanities. The term "ethnogenesis" began to be actively used in science in 1950-1960. Formation of the ethnogenesis theory occurred at the same time as formation of the domestic ethnography; though the first versions explaining various peoples' origin with the support of the bible tradition appeared some centuries earlier. Questions of peoples' origin in the academic discourse were raised by V.N. Tatishchev, further they were developed in M.V. Lomonosov's and N.Y. Bichurin's works. Since the second half of the 19th century questions of ethnogenesis and ethnic history have strongly occupied one of the major places in domestic humanities. At that time three methods of research were most widespread: derivation to the ancestor; correlation of modern and ancient peoples; "ancestral home" search. Addressing to the problems of Russian people's origin, the researchers involved data of physical anthropology, archaeology, and linguistics. At the beginning of the 20th century Russian ethnography turned to system analysis to solve the problems of ethnogenesis. Among the first was an outstanding researcher of the Far East S.M. Shirokogorov, who considered ethnos as a live organism, which is born, lives and dies. Without using the term "ethnogenesis", he distinguished two processes  formation of a new ethnos and its changes. For the first time he offered to distinguish ethnogenic processes and ethnic history. Ethnos change occurred in the ethnic environment change. During the same period the ethnogenesis problem was developed by the researchers' circle in the European centres of science. In 1920s-1930s in Prague, Vienna, Paris, a movement of Eurasians was formed. The exhaustive development of the concept of Russian ethnogenesis was reached in G.V. Vernadsky's works. Marking the futility of search for "ancestral home", or "parent language", the researcher offered a complex approach  with attraction of data of linguistics, physical anthropology, archaeology and geography. Based on the Eurasian perception that a symphonic person represents not an agglomerate of individual subjects, but their concordance (symphony), Eurasians considered that the origin of a new ethnos occurred during the global dialogue by means of language, history, institutes and customs. In the Soviet science the ethnogenesis problem became topical on the boundary of the 1940s-1950s when S.A. Tokarev and N.N. Cheboksarov published their article Methodology of Ethnogenetic Researches Based on Data of Ethnography in the Light of I.V. Stalin's Works on Linguistics". Continuing the traditions of the domestic and European ethnographic science, Russian researchers have formulated principles of a complex studying of ethnogenesis problems and ethnic history with the use of data of various sciences, cartographical methods and the comparative analysis of language and cultural realities.


It has been more than 30 years since the Macrobrachium rosenbergii,an exotic species,was first introduced into mainland China in 1976.Till 2009,China has had the biggest farming industry of this species in the world for ten years,with annual productions of over 25 billion postlarvae,135 thousand metric tons of grow-outs,the gross monetary value of the aquaculture is estimated to have reached over 3 billion RMB,and an allocation of 30 thousand hectares of farming area.The development of M.rosenbergii industry in China is sustained by:(1) the excellent biological characteristics of this species;(2)technological advances in prawn hatchery and grow-out farming;(3)fluctuation of marine shrimp farming;(4)economic development of China;(5) government policies.In conclusion,M.rosenbergii has some advantages: fast growth,short farming time,steady market,high profit,and now is one of the major cultivated shrimp species in China,the authors believe that M.rosenbergii farming is an effective way to overcome poverty and achieve prosperity for farmer in developing countries.


Nixson Panjaitan, "The use of fungi entomopatogen B. bassiana (Bals) Vuill local isolate to control coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei (coleopteran:scolytidae). Guidance by Darma Bakti, Maryani Cyccu Tobing. The research was to study of spores concentration of B. bassiana to control larva, pupa, and imago H. hampei in laboratory and field. This research was conducted at disease laboratory, Agriculture Faculty University of Sumatera Utara and at field in Lobu Siregar village Siborongborong-North Tapanuli (1200-1400 m dpl) and the other one was done in Tangga Batu village, Toba Samosir District (900-1100) from October 2013-August 2014. In laboratory used Randomized Complete Design with two treatments and three replications. In field used Randomized Block Design with two treatments and three replication. The first factor was spores concentration (control, 10, 10 ,dan10 spora/ml water) and the second factor was fruit coffee (green, yellow and red coffee). The results showed that B. bassiana 10 spora/ml is effective with larva mortality, pupa and imago H. Hampei. Persentase mortality in laboratory showed that the highest was 82,02% on larva, 76,32% on pupa and 72,42% on imago. Persentase mortality in Lobu Siregar village North Tapanuli showed that the heighest was 70,54% on larva, 63,02% on pupa and 54,88% on imago. Which in Tangga Batu Village Toba Samosir showed that the heighest was 68,88% on larva, 58,74% on pupa and 53,27% on imago. The heighest place was influenced to H. Hampei pest growth with their own size are 42,21% (1200-1400m dpl) and 38,72% (900-1100 m dpl). Growth and duration of time also influence propagul quantity.


The purpose of legal protection for intangible cultural heritage is to ensure cultural identity of macro-tradition on the basis of maintaining micro-tradition.This determines the dominant role of public legal protection in this field,and emphasizes supply of cultural public products and protection for cultural "grammar" in distinguishing cultural commodities from cultural public products as well as culture expressions from cultural "grammar".Also,this protection and the objects under the protection require the government to conduct the protection with limit and respect cultural-oriented nature of intangible cultural heritage.The system of local legal protection for intangible cultural heritage in China has not reached the level stipulated in Intangible Cultural Heritage Law.In protection practice,the law of micro-tradition is ignored and the folk cultural identity is hindered,which have distorted the formation of cultural identity.Therefore,legal protection mechanism should be adjusted based on the respect for the law of intangible cultural heritage.


The utility model discloses a manipulator used for assembling and disassembling disc-shaped or cylinder-shaped workpiece. The manipulator used for assembling and disassembling disc-shaped or cylinder-shaped workpiece comprises a rotating device, a moving device, and a clamping device. The rotating device comprises a servo motor, a speed reducer, and a rotating drive main shaft. The rotating drive main shaft penetrates through a base seat vertically. The moving device is fixed on the upper end of the rotating drive main shaft. The moving device comprises a horizontal sliding seat, a sliding base seat which can move horizontally in the sliding groove of the horizontal sliding seat, and a lifting sliding seat. The sliding base seat is driven by a horizontally moving cylinder. The lifting sliding seat is driven by a lifting moving cylinder. The clamping device is fixed at the top of the lifting moving cylinder. The manipulator used for assembling and disassembling disc-shaped or cylinder-shaped workpiece has the advantages of being convenient to operate and adjust, high in the degree of automation, economical in both time and labor, and good in safety. The manipulator used for assembling and disassembling disc-shaped or cylinder-shaped workpiece has three degrees of freedom, namely, servo motor rotation drive, pneumatic horizontal move, and pneumatic vertical lift, and is high in generality and can be used for the disc-shaped and cylinder-shaped workpiece.


Ten crude oils from the onshore Santa Maria basin are characterized chemically. Six of the oils were collected for this study and the other four are from the study by Milner and others (1977). Five oil fields are represented: (1) Santa Maria Valley, (2) Casmalia, (3) Orcutt, (4) Cat Canyon, and (5) Lompoc. Petroleum geochemical characteristics of these ten oils are as follows: (1) low to moderate API (American Petroleum Institute) gravities, (2) high sulfur contents, (3) very heavy sulfur isotope ratios, (4) high nitrogen contents, (5) very heavy carbon isotope ratios, (6) low carbon preference indices (CPI), and (7) low pristane/phytane ratios. Normal oil from the Santa Maria.basin contains a full complement of n-al kanes from through Biodegraded oil, as determined from characteristics of gas chromatograms, is depleted in £-alkanes, whereas partially biodegraded oil lacks some £-alkanes. The temperatures and depths of these three types of oils--normal, partially biodegraded, and biodegraded--are investigated to determine whether the reservoir condi-tions from the end of the Pliocene to the present can explain the present-day geochemistry of the oils.


VLA H i observations and λ6 cm radio continuum observations are presented of the barred-spiral galaxy NGC 3145. In optical images NGC 3145 has stellar arms that appear to cross, forming "X"-features. Our radio continuum observations rule out shock fronts at three of the four "X"-features, and our H i data provide evidence of gas motions perpendicular to the disk of NGC 3145. In large portions of NGC 3145, particularly in the middle-to-outer disk, the H i line profiles are skewed. Relative to the disk, the gas in the skewed wing of the line profiles has z-motions away from us on the approaching side of the galaxy and z-motions of about the same magnitude (∼40 km s−1) toward us on the receding side. These warping motions imply that there has been a perturbation with a sizeable component perpendicular to the disk over large spatial scales. Two features in NGC 3145 have velocities indicating that they are out-of-plane tidal arms. One is an apparent branch of a main spiral arm on the northeastern side of NGC 3145; the velocity of the branch is ∼150 km s−1 greater than the spiral arm where they appear to intersect in projection. The other is the arm on the southwestern side that forms three of the "X"-features. It differs in velocity by ∼56 km s−1 from that of the disk at the same projected location. H i observations are presented also of the two small companions NGC 3143 and PGC 029578. Based on its properties (enhanced SFR, H i emission 50% more extended on its northeastern side, etc.), NGC 3143 is the more likely of the two companions to have interacted with NGC 3145 recently. A simple analytic model demonstrates that an encounter between NGC 3143 and NGC 3145 is a plausible explanation for the observed warping motions in NGC 3145.


of a T-group proves to be too much. The anxiety around &dquo;am I going to make it&dquo; or &dquo;how will I stack up against the others&dquo; works against self-disclosing and taking risks. Also the concern about personal competence and comparing oneself with others makes the development of caring relationships difficult. Even when the T-group experience itself is positive, it can be difficult to transfer learning back to the MBA program. Many of the other faculty


The commonly used rheological model for the Earth's mantle when considering geological time scales (mantle convection) is the viscoelastic Maxwell model, which assumes a steady state creep process. However, application of this model to phenomena on shorter time scales, such as postglacial rebound or postseismic relaxation, leads to difficulties in finding a consistent interpretation of obtained viscosities. Using standard Maxwell viscosity of 1e19 Pa s to analyze postseismic near‐field GPS time series from the 2004 Sumatra‐Andaman earthquake requires large time‐dependent afterslip with a relaxation time of about 1 year. We show that using linear biviscous Burgers rheology for the asthenosphere, together with a refined coseismic slip model, we can drastically reduce the amount of apparent afterslip. Comparison of predicted geoid change to observations by the GRACE satellite mission shows that a univiscous Maxwell model with afterslip is not compatible with observations, since even large afterslip has a more localized effect than transient relaxation due to the main earthquake, which in turn is in agreement with observations. Thus, a combination of ground‐ and space‐based geodetic observations is very useful in differentiating between rheological models. An additional independent discrimination between afterslip and biviscous relaxation could be obtained by installing ocean bottom pressure gauges close to the trench.


The objective of this paper is try to understand the possible uses and meanings of the built environment –architectural and pictorial spaces– of Las Pinturas Group at San Bartolo, El Peten, Guatemala (particularly its third and sixth architectural phases), based on information of various kinds obtained until 2014. It is about the space configured in a certain way –intellectually and sensitively– to mean something. The visual configuration itself reveals what it is and what it is for. In cultures dominated by religious beliefs, as the ancient Maya, they are material, real spaces, manifested and imbued with a spiritual component; therefore, there are many iconographic and written signs that designate them.


Summary The mechanism of the hypotensive action of ketanserin, a selective 5-HT2 receptor antagonist with appreciable affinity for α1-adrenoceptors, has been investigated. In normotensive Sprague -Dawley rats anesthetized with pentobarbitone, intravenous injections of ketanserin, 0.0625 1.0 mg/kg, produced immediate and sustained, dose-related falls in blood pressure and heart rate. The fall in blood pressure was not a consequence of the fall in heart rate since section of the vagosympathetic trunk reversed the former with no persistent effects on the latter. Blood pressure was also reduced by ketanserin in rats anesthetized with methane and in conscious spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In pithed preparations, the same doses of ketanserin caused sustained inhibition of pressor responses to stimulation of the whole spinal sympathetic outflow and phenylephrine; but responses to noradrenaline and. in particular, angiotensin II were less markedly affected. Blood pressure responses to 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were strongly inhibited at doses of ketanserin 25− 100 times less than those needed to lower blood pressure. The peripheral, vascular 5-HT antagonist. B.W. 501C67, was 1.5 times more active than ketanserin as an inhibitor of the pressor response to 5-HT in the pithed rat. At a dose (0.2 mg kg) chosen to give substantial 5-HT receptor blockade equivalent to that produced by ketanserin. 0.25 mg/kg, B.W. 501C67 neither lowered blood pressure in the anesthetized rat nor inhibited pressor responses to phenylephrine or to sympathetic stimulation in pithed preparations. Thus, doses of ketanserin that lower blood pressure in anesthetized normotensive rats and in conscious SHR inhibit sympathetic tone to the peripheral vasculature by blocking α1-adrenoceptors. Since selective and substantial blockade of vascular 5-HT receptors by B.W. 501C67 did not result in a fall in blood pressure. α1-adrenoceptor blockade rather than 5-HT receptor blockade would appear to be the major factor contributing to the hypotensive antihypertensive action of ketanserin under the conditions of these experiments.


The theory of the elasticity of riveted joint was developed by F. Bleich and W. Hovgaard independently by introducing the displacement coefficient of the driven rivet. But in their theories the method of evaluation of the displacement coefficient was not shown and without knowledge of its vales the elasticity of the riveted joint can not be calculated.In this paper, by considering the bearing elasticity of the plates and the bending of the rivet due to bending moment and shearing force, the method of evaluation of the displacement coefficient is developed and the calculated vales are compared with the various experiments satisfactorily. By the use of calculated displacement coefficient and by the aid of their theories, the distribution of stress and strain can be shown for any riveted joint.


Reporting a patient coincided with Lupus Miliaris Disseminatus Faciei(LMDF).This patient had a very low CD4T count and had used kinds of antibiotics and corticosteroids.In the course of disease,the patient was found LMDF,which was affirmed by histopathology.Although the reason of LMDF was not clear,the poor immunologic function maybe be one of cause of LMDF.


The presence of Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) in bone marrow dendritic cells, in bone marrow biopsies and in dendritic cells of peripheral blood from patients with multiple myeloma (MM) has been reported. These data suggested an association between infection with KSHV and the development of MM. The mobilization of infected cells into leukapheresis products (LP) has also been described. We assessed the LP of 35 patients with MM for the presence of KSHV using a sensitive and specific nested PCR assay, capable of detecting one copy of the virus genome. None of the samples tested revealed positivity for KSHV after amplification and subsequent hybridization with a KSHV‐specific probe. Amplification products of approximately the same size as the positive control seen in eight samples did not hybridize with the specific oligonucleotide. No homologies of these products to the KSHV genome could be discovered after sequencing. Therefore we have no evidence that LP of patients with MM bear KSHV, and they can therefore be used as a source for dendritic cells for immunotherapy.


I: GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS: CLASSIFICATION, EPIDEMIOLOGY AND MECHANISM II: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PRIMARY HEADACHE DISORDERS AND THEIR COMPLICATIONS III: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF SECONDARY HEADACHE DISORDERS IV: SPECIAL TOPICS


OBJECTIVE An RP-HPLC method was established for the determination of seopoletin in Fengshi medical wine. METHODS The Hypersil C18 column( 150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 pun) was used. The mobile phase consisted of methanol-0. 31 % acetic acid glacial solution(32:68) .The flow rate was 1.0 mL.min-1 .The UV detection wavelength was 347 nm. RESULTS The calibration curve was in good linearity over the range of 45 - 450 mg.L-1 with the regression equation Y = 0.06299X + 0.01777, r = 0.9999 (n = 6). The average recovery was 100.15 % with RSD = 1.59%( n = 5). CONCLUSIONS The method appeared to be simple, accurate, reproducible and can be used to control the quality of Fengshi medical wine.