Catastrophic pulmonary failure: clinical manifestations and concepts of therapy. SMITH, J.P., BRISCOE, W.A. et al. (1977) Bulletin of /he New York Acadeniy of Medicine, 53, 537 (JulyAugust). Long-term physiologic consequences of adult respiratory distress syndrome. ROTMAN. H.H., LAVELLE, T.F. e t al. (1977) Chest, 72, 190 (August). Postoperative hypoxaemia and oxygen therapy. PARFREY, P.S., HARTE, P.J. et a/. (1977) British Journal of Surgery, 64, 390 (June). Oxygen therapy for pneumatosis coli: a report of two cases and a review. LEE, S.P., COVERDALE, H.A. et a / . (1977) Aiisfraliarr and New Zealand Journal of Medicine, 7, 44 (February). Portable oxygen and exercise tolerance in patients with chronic hypoxic cor pulmonale. LEGGETT, R.J.E. & FLENLEY, D.C. (1977) British Medical Journal, 2, 84 (9 July). The failure of aerosolized superoxide dismutase to modify pulmonary oxygen toxicity. GRAPO, J.D., DELONG, D.M. et a/ . (1977) American Reuiew of Respiratory Disease, 115, 1027 (June). Hypertonic mannitol in the therapy of the acute respiratory distress syndrome. POWERS, S.R. Jr, SHAH, D. PI a / . (1977) Annals ofSurgery, 185,619 (June). Membrane oxygenation in pulmonary failure. (Annotation) (1977) Lancet, 2,390 (20 August). Domiciliary oxygen. (Annotation) (1977) British Medical Journal, 2, 77 (9 July). Effect of 30:< oxygen on local matching of perfusion and ventilation in chronic airways obstruction. EISNER, N.M., JONES, H.A. et (11. (1977) Clinical Science and Molecular Medicine, 53,387 (October). Drug therapy : bronchodilator therapy (Part I ) . WEBB-JOHNSON, D.C. & ANDREWS, Jr, J.L. (1977) The New England Jorrrnal of Medicine, 297,476 ( I September). Drug therapy: bronchodilator therapy (Part 2). WEBB-JOHNSON, D.C. & ANDREWS Jr, J.L. (1977) The New England Jorrrnal of Medicine, 297, 758 (6 October ). Management of airway complications of burns in children. VIVORI, E. & CUDMORE, R.E. (1977) British Medical Journal, 2 , 1462 (3 December). Effect of tracheostomy on laryngeal closure reflex. SASAKI, C.T., SUZUKI, M. e f a/ . (1977) The Laryngoscope, 87, 1428 (Part I , September). Status asthmaticus. SCROGGIN, C.H., SAHN, S.A. et a / . (1977) The Journal of the American Medical Association, 238, I158 (12 September). Incidence of pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum in patient? with aspiration pneumonia requiring ventilatory support. LATORRE, F.J.D., TOMASA, A. el a/ . (1977) Chest, 72, 141 (August). Aspiration pneumonia-beneficial and harmful effects of positive end-expiratory pressure. TOUNG, T., SAHARIA, P et a/ . (1977) Surgery, 82, 279 (August). Pulmonary injury following exposure to chlorine gas-possible beneficial effects of steroid treatment. CHESTER, E.H. & KAIMAL, P.J. (1977) Chest, 72,247 (August). Response to lidocaine in bronchial asthma. WEISS, E.B. & PATWARDHAM, A.V. (1977) Chest, 72,429 (October). Clinical course, management, and long-term sequelae of respiratory failure due to influenza viral pneumonia. WINTERBAUER, R.H., LUDWIG, W.R. er a / . (1977) The Johns Hopkins Mivlical Joiirnal, 141, 148 (September). The management of acute pulmonary embolism. MILLER, G.A.H. (1977) British Joitrnalof Hospiial Medicine, 18, 26 (July). Central venom O2 saturation test in acute pulmonary fat embolism-new prognostic test. CORDASC'O, PIEDAD, 0. et a / . (1977) Angiology, 28, 40 (January). Nomogram for planning respiratory therapy. SHAPIRO, A.R. & PETERS, R.M. (1977) Chest, 72, 197 (August).


This report describes the objective testing of various vocoders, both singly and in different combinations of tandem configurations, to evaluate overall voice quality in an objective manner. The objective test evaluation was performed using a standardized (and patented) objective voice quality estimation algorithm developed by the Institute for Telecommunication Sciences (ITS). This method determines an auditory distance (AD) and converts it to a finite scale that can be related to the mean opinion score (MOS) scale commonly used in subjective voice quality tests. This testing establishes the feasibility (from a voice quality perspective) of using vocoders in a tandem configuration in order to relay voice communications between disparate systems.


Serious organised crime is one of the most pressing concerns of the late modern age: it impacts on society as a whole and has extremely high economic and social costs. The White Paper One Step Ahead a 21st Century Strategy to Defeat Organised Crime, published in March 2004, guesstimated that the total losses caused by organised crime may amount to £40 billion a year in the UK. Tentative estimates for the total annual costs of certain activities were quoted as follows: the abuse of class A drugs £ 13 billion; indirect tax fraud £7 billion; intellectual property theft (counterfeiting)£9 billion; and organised immigration crime at least £3 billion. Even with various qualifications and healthy scepticism about the methods used to calculate these figures, they point to considerable economic harm. The social repercussions of organised crime are correspondingly great: higher taxes and costs are passed on to consumers whilst individual end users suffer, whether as drug addicts or vulnerable and exploitable undocumented migrants. More difficult to quantify is the negative impact on communities in terms of anti-social behaviour related to organised crime and the broader sense of insecurity that it engenders. There is also the potential for overlap with terrorist organisations. fraud, SOCA may continue to function only if the Serious Fraud Office agrees or declines to act and similarly, SOCA must consult HM Revenue and Customs before pursuing any function in relation to revenue fraud. The agency is charged with gathering information in the pursuit of organised crime groups. This intelligence may be disseminated to any police force or law enforcement agency within the UK, and there is a general duty on the part of the police to pass on information likely to be useful to SOCA. The Agency will clearly be 'intelligence-led', not only as a model of practice, but in the sense that it is also actually led by officers from security and secret intelligence agencies. While the Director General Bill Hughes has a policing background he was previously head of the National Crime Squad key posts go to David Bolt (former MI5), and Paul Evans (formerly MI6), while Sir Stephen Lander (former director-general of MI5) is heading the board overseeing the creation of the Agency. Various debates relating to what precise roles and powers SOCA officers will have, how independent they will be, and how cooperation (rather than competition) with other law enforcement agencies will be ensured have arisen at different stages in its formation. The first issue is the dispute as to what


The invention discloses a hybrid excitation permanent magnet brushless motor for an electric vehicle. A rotor is internally embedded with an inner layer of permanent magnetic steels and an outer layer of permanent magnetic steels distributed uniformly along the circumferential direction; V-type NdFeB permanent magnetic steels are in the outer layer; spoke-shaped ferrite permanent magnetic steels are in the inner layer; the two kinds of permanent magnetic steels are located on the same pole; the NdFeB permanent magnetic steels and the ferrite permanent magnetic steels are symmetrical about the central axis of the pole; the V-type openings of the NdFeB permanent magnetic steels face the ferrite permanent magnetic steels; each NdFeB permanent magnetic steel is composed of a first NdFeB permanent magnetic steel and a second NdFeB permanent magnetic steel which are the same and are symmetrical about the central axis of the pole; and the top parts of the V-type openings of the NdFeB permanent magnetic steels and the outer ends of the ferrite permanent magnetic steels are directly fixedly connected. by adopting a rare earth permanent magnetic steel and ferrite hybrid excitation mode, parallel connection of the two kinds of permanent magnetic steel main magnetic circuits is realized, and torque density and power density of the motor are further improved.


Changing Industrial Energy Behavior Via Education: Case Study of an Energy Efficiency Refrigeration Certification Mersiha McClaren, Research Into Action, Portland Oregon Steve Phoutrides, NEEA, Portland Oregon Nick O'Neil, Energy 350, Portland Oregon Marjorie McRae, Research Into Action, Portland Oregon ABSTRACT Complementing the many energy efficiency programs that focus on improving equipment efficiency, education is a key behavioral-based approach that can affect energy consumption in two ways: by changing how customers operate and maintain equipment, and encouraging customers to invest in high efficiency equipment. This paper presents the early outcomes of one such behavioral approach. A program administrator, in collaboration with other stakeholders, has developed and is promoting the Certified Refrigeration Energy Specialist (CRES) designation. CRES aims to encourage refrigeration professionals to master practical, no-cost or low-cost behavioral solutions for optimizing equipment operation for efficiency. Based on results of research conducted to-date, this paper presents analysis of the theory behind the benefits of certification, how the certification will generate persistent savings, the appeal of the certification program, and the program's successes and challenges. On-site visits are underway with CRES-certified individuals to collect data to estimate energy savings resulting from refrigeration operation by these individuals. Market surveys have been completed with CRES certificants and non-certificants – both managers and operators – which revealed that the awareness and appeal of CRES is high, while adoption of the newly established CRES is low. Executives, in particular, need more convincing of the value of CRES, while non-managing refrigeration professionals will need employer-provided support to pursue CRES. Employers (executives and middle managers) are reluctant to support elements of CRES that require refrigeration professionals to be away from their jobs during work time. This feedback illuminates potential CRES adoption barriers and suggests a need to develop effective "value proposition" messages and/or support for CRES. Introduction A program administrator, together with the Refrigerating Engineers & Technicians Association (RETA), developed a new energy efficiency certification – the Certified Refrigeration Energy Specialist (CRES) credential – for individuals involved with the operation of industrial refrigeration plants, including refrigeration and other plant systems that use energy. The aim was to encourage industrial refrigeration professionals in the Northwest to become CRES certified and apply low- and no-cost energy efficiency practices in refrigeration plant operation. RETA, a national organization dedicated to the professional development of industrial refrigeration professionals, oversees certification of refrigeration operators in the safe operation of


BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of supplementing habitual run training with periodized lower body strength training versus high intensity circuit strength training on running performance and related variables in experienced runners.

METHODS
Nineteen (N.=19) participants performed 8 weeks of 2 d·wk-1 periodized lower body strength training (PLB), N.=9, or high intensity circuit training (CT), N.=10. PLB sessions included 2 sets of the back squat, standing calf raise, leg press, and dumbbell lunge, with intensity linearly periodized. CT sessions simulated CrossFit-style programming and included 2-4 heavy (>10-RM) sets of a compound lift, followed by a high intensity, whole body resistance circuit. Three-km time trial (TT), V̇O2max, relative leg press 1-RM, running economy (RE) at 2 standard submaximal velocities (SV1, SV2) between 11 and 14 km∙hr-1, RPE at SV1/SV2, and peak/mean power were assessed pre and post-intervention.

RESULTS
Similar (P≤0.02) increases occurred in RE at 11 km∙hr-1 (36.4±3.1 to 35.4±2.4 mL·kg-1·min-1) and RPE at SV1 (12.5±1.3 to 11.4±1.6). Relative 1-RM (2.54±0.41 to 3.40±0.72) and RPE at SV2 (14.1±1.3 to 12.9±1.8) improved in both groups (P≤0.03). However, PLB showed larger improvements in 1-RM (0.43±0.18 vs. 0.2±1.9, t=2.75, P=0.015) and RPE at SV2 (-1.75±0.9 vs. -0.63±1.1, t=2.30, P=0.037). TT, V̇O2max, RE at 12-14 km∙hr-1, and power were unchanged (P≥0.27).

CONCLUSIONS
PLB and CT enhanced 1-RM, RE at 11 km∙hr-1 and RPE at SV1/SV2, but neither modality improved TT performance, V̇O2max, anaerobic power, or RE at faster velocities. PLB resulted in greater improvements in 1-RM and RPE at SV2.


In order to improve teachers' ability to serve enterprises,this paper carries out investigation and study on teachers in 12 representative higher vocational colleges.Results show that there exist problems in higher vocational colleges such as insufficient supply of human resources,simplex function of facilities,disjoint of technological resource market,limited time of teachers' time devoted,and insufficient participation of service objects.According to investigation and current situation analysis on higher vocational colleges and enterprises,this paper puts forward related countermeasures to improve teachers' ability to serve enterprises including innovating system and mechanism,motivating service impetus,linking up bilateral information,digging service potential,optimizing teaching resources and enhancing service vitality.


Stress ulceration are common occurrence in patients with severe traumatic brain injury, which can result in alimentary tract hemorrhage, perforation and obviously increase mortality. To prevent the occurrence of stress ulceration and control upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage is meaningful for prognosis of critical disease. This article reviews pathogenesis of stress ulceration as well as the relationships preventive treatment, early enteral nutrition, hospital acquired pneumonia and related complications.

Key words:
Stress ulcer; Craniocerebral trauma; Postoperative complications; Review


The phenomenon of populism is expanding, not only in Latin America but also around the rest of the world. The uncertainties generated by the globalization of the labor market in developed countries, including the market economy of nations until recently dependent on totalitarian regimes (as in Eastern Europe); the wave of democratic regimes in Latin America emerged in the last twenty years and they failed to respond satisfactorily to the challenges of developing their societies; the liberal reforms introduced in the economies of sub-developed countries over the past decades, in the light of the "Washington Consensus" (reforms which, although reduced inflation in general, does not have the expected results of the field of productivity) still suffocated by nationalism and traditions of familiarity in the management of public affairs; the democratization sui generis (with a strong presence of traditional and charismatic leadership), in countries of the Islamic World (Syria, Libya, Iran); the entry of African nations in the postcolonial period (during the second half of last century) in the way of regularization of democratic life (in a way still strongly marked by tribalism), the deceleration of the U.S. economy and the brakes that this phenomenon is producing in other economies, particularly on the American continent; these are some of the variables that have contributed to the rise of populism, which may be considered as a kind of disease that affects the democracies in a time of crisis. Such wide phenomena deserve to be studied in detail. This text will not focus on the characterization of Populism in its various manifestations throughout the twentieth century. The focus will be on the phenomenon of the neo-populism that normally occurs in society today. It is, therefore, a current phenomenon that is limited to the last two decades of the previous century and it includes, of course, the first years of the 21st century. I intend in this article, to develop two aspects: I) the concept of neo-populism II) how this phenomenon affects the democratic life of South America, today and in the near future


An optimization on Thin-walled Curved Surface Part (TCSP) position is proposed in order to meet the increasing flexibility need of airplane, automobile industry etc. The position process comes down to coordinate transformation problem. A method based on Oriented Bounding Box (OBB) iteration for TCSP position in array-type fixture is proposed to solve parameters of part coordinate transformation matrix, and comparisons between OBB and OBB iteration is shown. The calculation example shows that the proposed method is feasible, and can effectively solve position parameters of the TCSP position process.


Sociology of the arts has attracted more than a fair amount of interest in the last few decades, yet numerous researchers feel that results of the studies carried out so far give little cause for satisfaction. R. N. Wilson (The Art.s in Society, 1964) formulates his objections as follows: 'Most essays in the sociology and psychology of the arts have represented the unique excursions of sensitive individuals rather than sustained scientific efforts to test the truth of propositions' (p. 363). In Sociological Aspects of the Literary .System, i g68 (JVatur och h''ultur, Stockholm) Karl Erik Rosengren joins the critics. In his view, only consistent application of scientifically accurate methods and expanded research in this field by the social sciences can bring significant pro-


Results from sheep digestibility trials, performed at the Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the period from 1984 until now, were analysed according to the Lucas principle. The Lucas principle means that across feeds, apparent digestibilities of nutrients in cell contents can be ascribed to a constant true digestibility and to an endogenous loss, which is a constant proportion of feed dry matter (DM). Based on mean digestibilities for 493 feed samples, a true Neutral Detergent Solubles (NDS) digestibility of 101.3% and an endogenous loss of 90.2 g NDS per kg ingested DM were estimated.


Lack of early nesting habitat may be limiting population levels of northern bobwhites (Colinus virginianus) and early successional songbirds on agricultural landscapes. Alternatively, detrimental effects of mesomammal predators on nesting success and survivorship of bobwhites may be causal at low densities. Previous research has documented increased use of agricultural areas by bobwhites on farms with field borders, but bobwhites had low nesting success in these areas. No replicated studies in the southeast United States have been conducted investigating the effects of field borders and mesomammal predator reduction on bobwhite and songbird abundance. We conducted a 3-year study on farms in Hyde, Tyrrell, and Wilson counties, North Carolina using a 2 2 factorial treatment combinations and a blocked study design. On each study area, 4, 200-ha farm blocks were randomly assigned 1 of 4 treatments. Treatments included: (1) 5–10 m fallow vegetation borders on all disked field edges, (2) removal of mesomammal nest predators (raccoons (Procyon lotor), opossums (Didelphis virginianus), and foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus and Vulpes vulpes)) between January through June of each year, (3) a combination of field borders and predator reduction, or (4) neither treatment. In 1997–99, we measured fall abundance of bobwhite coveys on farm blocks using morning covey call surveys and summer abundance of songbirds using variable radius point counts. Field borders were established in 1996 in Hyde and Wilson counties and 1997 in the Tyrrell county study area. Number of mesomammal predators annually removed from farm blocks averaged 42 (SE 3.5) and was similar between study areas and years. Field border farm blocks had consistently more coveys heard than non-border farm blocks (F1,2 216.0, P 0.004). However, there were no differences in the number of coveys heard between predator reduction and non-reduction farms (F1,2 10.4, P 0.084). Farms with both field border and predator reduction had more coveys heard compared to other farm blocks (F1,2 43.3, P 0.0223). Summer bobwhite abundance was greater on field border areas (F1,6 5.93, P 0.051). No other differences in songbird abundance were detected between field border and non-border farms. In 1997, songbird nest density was estimated in field border and non-border farms on the Wilson County study area. Field border farms had higher nest density, particularly for field sparrows (Spizella pusilla) and common yellowthroats (Geothlypis trichas), and had greater nesting bird diversity. Field borders were a practical technique to increase bobwhite abundance on small farm blocks. Increases in bobwhite abundance associated with predator reduction on small farms with field border would not be economically feasible in most circumstances. Citation: Bromley, P. T., S. D. Wellendorf, W. E. Palmer, and J. F. Marcus. 2002. Effects of field borders and mesomammal reduction on northern bobwhite and songbird abundance on three farms in North Carolina. Page 71 in S. J. DeMaso, W. P. Kuvlesky, Jr., F. Hernández, and M. E. Berger, eds. Quail V: Proceedings of the Fifth National Quail Symposium. Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Austin, TX. 1 Present address: Tall Timbers Research Station, 13093 Henry Beadel Dr., Tallahassee, FL 32312 2 Present address: 202 Natural Resources Hall, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0819 1 Bromley et al.: Effects of Field Borders and Mesomammal Reduction on Northern Bob


The phenomenon of piling-up of steel would happen while high speed wire rod is being rolled,which would greatly influence the product's yield and production efficiency.By presenting from different aspect the pile-up accident in high-speed wire-rod rolling mill,the article anaiyzes the main cause and proposes the possible solutions.


Work is devoted to research of possibility of increase of corrosion resistance of metal due to laser oxidation. Results of pilot studies of protection of a surface of metal against corrosion at its oxidation by the continuous radiation of the fiber laser on wavelength X = 1064 nanometers are presented. Tests carried out and the processing parameters defining high anticorrosive protection of a surface of the irradiated metal are determined.


OBJECTIVE To study the therapeutic effects of the beraprost sodium in elderly patients with lower extremity atherosclerotic disease.METHODS 52 elderly cases with lower extremity atherosclerotic disease were divided to conventional treatment group and beraprost sodium group.After these patients were treated for 3 months,ankle-brachial index(ABI),6 minutes walk test(6-MWT),walking distance without pain and High-sensitivity C-reactive protein(HsCRP) were detected.RESULTS Walking distance in 6-MWT and walking distance without pain were increased significantly(P0.05).And HsCRP was also decreased significantly(P0.05).But ABI was not changed significantly(P0.05).Compared with conventional treatment,in the patients who treated with beraprost sodium,walking distance without pain was further increased significantly and HsCRP was also decreased significantly(P0.05).CONCLUSION After treated with beraprost sodium for 3 months,intermittent claudication in the patients with lower extremity atherosclerotic disease could be further ameliorated,and HsCRP could be decreased too.


The structure of kerlinic acid, a neo-clerodane diterpenoid isolated from Salviakeerlii (Labiatae), was deduced from spectral data and chemical correlation with melisodoric acid.


A tissue equivalent and a silicon equivalent proportional counter microdosimeter were exposed to eight progressively hardened neutron energy spectra at the LANSCE ICE House facility and to 70 MeV protons. Selected dosimetric results are compared.


Creative writing in Form II: loneliness: As a source of inspiration this term, I used the songs of the Beatles, and Simon and Garfunkle.


Historically, the first study speculating about the existence of a representation of body's orientation was authored by Munk (1890), who argued that vivid multisensory images of former sensations are able to maintain a stable representation of the body in space despite a persistent continuous variation of the sensory inputs on the skin. These images were held to occur at the very early stages of life as a consequence of first reflexes and motions. Small lesions of the sensorimotor cortex were expected to produce the loss of images for specific body parts.


How are congressional party leaders chosen? In the first comprehensive study since Robert Peabody's classic Leadership in Congress, this book draws on newly collected data about U.S. House members who have sought leadership positions from the 1960s to the present—data including whip tallies, public and private vote commitments, interviews, and media accounts—to provide new insights into how the selection process truly works. Elections for congressional party leaders are conventionally seen as a function of either legislators' ideological preferences or factors too idiosyncratic to permit systematic analysis. Analyzing six decades' worth of information, the book finds evidence for a new comprehensive model of vote choice in House leadership elections that incorporates both legislators' goals and their connections with leadership candidates.


I NFESTATION by the first 'brood European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hiibner), causes a reduction in yield of corn (Zea mays L.). Experimental evidence has suggested that survival of corn borer larvae increased under conditions of higher nitrogen fertilization. In a series of experiments in which the double cross U. S. 13 and the parental single-cross parents were grown under different levels of nitrogen and in combination with phosphorus and potassium, the increase in attractiveness to oviposition and larval survival was attributed primarily to increased nitrogen (Barber and Dicke). a, 4 Patch (4) reported increases in larval survival in corn growing on fertilized soil over that on unfertilized soil, with increases up to 52%. Ortega and Triplehorn (3) worked with hydroponic solutions five levels of nitrogen with other elements at an optimum concentration. They reported that, in general, larval weight and survival, leaf injury, and number of galleries increased as the amount of nitrogen was increased.


A vaporization slagging combustion furnace comprises a fluidized-bed gasification furnace and a slagging combustion furnace. Produced by sieving fluidized-bed gasification furnace-bottom residue fluidizing medium recovery. The recovered fluidized medium is conveyed to the fluidized bed gasification furnace reused. Separating and recovering a metal component from the furnace-bottom residue. Non-metallic component friction materials adhered to each other to remove surface contaminants, or with removal of non-metallic components of the original mesh powder and powder component produced upon crushing of the nonmetal component, to make use of non-metallic components. Crushed nonmetal component may also be powdered and conveyed to the fluidized bed gasification furnace, and transported to the slagging combustion furnace slagging.


To measure the retinal arteriole and venule oxygen saturation using a conventional fundus camera, retinal oximetry based on nonsimultaneous image acquisition was devel- oped andevaluated.Tworetinal images weresequentially acquired using a conventional fundus camera with two bandpass filters (568 nm: isobestic, 600 nm: nonisobestic wavelength), one after another, instead of a built-in green filter. The images were registered to compensate for the differences caused by eye movements during the image acquisition. Retinal was measured using two wave- length oximetry. To evaluate sensitivity of the proposed method, in the arterioles and venules before and after inhalation of 100% were compared, respectively, in 11 healthy subjects. After inhalation of 100% , increased from to in the arterioles and from to in the venules (paired t-test, ). Reproducibility of the method was 2.6% and 5.2% in the arterioles and venules, respectively (average standard deviation of five measurements, ).


The general aim of the wheat program has been to improve the level of income of the wheat farmer and to stabilize this return by supporting the price of wheat in the market. In other words, to improve the wheat producer's standard of living. The specific purpose of this study was to discover whether or not the level of welfare of the wheat producers has actually improved under this national program. Producing the same commodity under the same program, very different changes occurred in the wheat-specialty counties' standards of living. The U. S. Department of Agriculture has computed a level-of-living index for each county in this country for the years 1930, 1940, 1945, and 1950.3 This twenty-year period covers most of the years the government program has been in effect. The level-of-thinking index is one measure of the standard of living of farm-operator families. It is based on the percentage of farms with electricity, the percentage of farms with a telephone, the percentage of farms with an automobile, and the gross farm income adjusted to reflect changes in the purchasing power of the farmer's dollar. Developed, as this index was, for low-income situations the levelof-living index is not a good reflection of standard-of-living as income increases.4 Such factors as vacations, electrical appliances, quality of automobile and so forth, which have become an important part of our levels of welfare today, were not considered. Thus, this index has certain limitations but it does give us a general idea of changes in rural welfare over time and between areas. However, small differences between county indexes are probably not indicative of much difference in levels of welfare. Used in conjunction with income data and a general knowledge of an area, this index can be quite useful. Eighty-five wheat-specialty counties located in three of our major


In this paper treated the studying report of Human bridge′s two testing compressive piles which in pre bored holes insert rock further. This paper concluded and sum up some regular pattern and gave suggests which can be referred for future reference to those who will design the insert rock compressive pile and wish consider the pile rock jointly action.


In connection with the development of the implantable biocell for a cardiac pacemaker and the sensor for an artificial pancreas, much attention has been paid to the studies of glucose electro-oxidation. However, the mechanistic aspects still remain debatable, since most of the experiments are based only on conventional electrochemical techniques and the information about the electrode reaction in molecular level is in lack. In the present note, be-


The Atacama desert stands as the most arid, non-polar, region on Earth and has accommodated a considerable portion of the world's ground-based astronomical observatories for an extended period. The comprehension of factors important for observational conditions in this region, and the potential alterations induced by the escalating impact of climate change, are, therefore, of the utmost significance. In this study, we conduct an analysis of the surface-level air temperature, water vapour density, and astronomical seeing at the European Southern Observatory (commonly known by its acronym, ESO) telescope sites in northern Chile. Our findings reveal a discernible rise in temperature across all sites during the last decade. Moreover, we establish a correlation between the air temperature and water vapour density with the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phases, wherein, the warm anomaly known as El Niño (EN) corresponds to drier observing conditions, coupled with higher maximum daily temperatures favouring more challenging near-infrared observations. The outcomes of this investigation have potential implications for the enhancement of the long-term scheduling of observations at telescope sites in northern Chile, thereby aiding in better planning and allocation of resources for the astronomy community.


Within the span of a single generation the purpose, form and mission of the United States civil space program has changed radically. Demonstrating technological superiority through a lunar landing has given way to an, as yet unclear agenda. Although hazy, the rough features of a 21st century program are discernable: it must be cost effective; economically, as well as, politically driven; and, international. Less clear are the missions. Will they include human habitation of cislunar space and the solar system? Earth observations? Planetary discovery? A Mars settlement? Perhaps, some of each? And if so, in what balance?


Ageing population is one of the topics that have attracted the attention of several countries in the interest of social cohesion, economic growth and financial sustainability. Promoting active ageing population is one of the strategies adopted by different countries to avoid early retirement and to encourage older workers to remain longer in the labour market, to remain healthy, active and independent, as long as possible. Active ageing requires the involvement of older adults in a increasingly global, technological and digital contemporary society. This participation presents challenges for education and lifelong learning, especially to older people who did not acquire digital skills during their previous education and training. This is a group that, as a consequence, might suffer from a high risk of exclusion of the benefits of the Information and Knowledge Society. Active ageing, generational relations, coexistence and solidarity between generations are topics on the developed countries agenda. Therefore, active ageing and intergenerational solidarity are two complementary subjects in favour of a common challenge, in which education and learning play an important role. This paper seeks to find out and to understand how children and older adults think of lifelong learning and generational solidarity, particularly through organised training activities with the use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT). For data collection in this process we will conduct informal conversational interviews with younger and older participants as well as observation of the way the activities develop. The analysis and data interpretation will allow us to get relevant inferences to understand their interests and perspectives on ICT skills, digital literacy Elderly, Education, Intergenerational Relationships and Social Development. Proceedings of 2nd Conference of ELOA ISBN: 978-989-8525-06-2 225 and digital inclusion in society. The conclusions will be crucial not only to develop strategies to encourage useful and significant learning, but also to investigate new opportunities for understanding education and intergenerational lifelong learning, supported by ICT in general and the Web 2.0 in particular. Then, we will make our contribution to the promotion of active ageing, solidarity and intergenerational relations, trying to collaborate in building a better future for all generations.


Abstract
 This chapter focuses on the six most popular alternative winter sport activities in Tyrol (Austria): backcountry skiing, ski touring on slopes (i.e. skiing up the hill on the fringe of groomed ski slopes), winter hiking, tobogganing, cross-country skiing and snowshoeing. More precisely, it wants to explore the people's activity profiles and their satisfaction with the existing offer in Tyrol. Special attention is given to the motivation to practise alternative winter sport.


The propagation characteristics of Love waves in (110)ZnO/(110)AlN/R-sapphire structure are theoretically investigated by 3-dimensional finite element method (3D FEM). The phase velocity v<inf>P</inf>, coupling coefficient k2 and temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) of the first two orders of Love wave are calculated, in which the thicknesses of (110) ZnO and (110) AlN are varied. The results show that the 0th Love wave has the largest coupling coefficient, and at H<inf>ALN</inf>/λ=0.37 and h<inf>zno</inf>=3.4 μm, the maximum k2 of 4.27% associated with Vp of 3773 m/s and TCF of −22.1 ppm/°C can be obtained. Simulation results indicate that the (110)ZnO/(110)AlN/R-sapphire structure exhibits high phase velocity, large coupling coefficient and small TCF, which can be used for designing the high-frequency and temperature-compensated SAW devices.


Circulating concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, non‐esterified fatty acids (NEFA), glycerol, and 3‐hydroxybutyrate (3‐HB) were measured in 133 subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 78 with impaired‐glucose‐tolerance (IGT) and 189 non‐insulin dependent (Type 2) diabetic (NIDDM) patients. Plasma cholesterol concentration was similar in the three groups; NGT (4.2 (2.3–7.5) mmol l−1 , median (range)), IGT (4.7 (2.7–6.3)) and NIDDM (4.3 (2.3–6.9)). Plasma triglycerides (NGT 0.88 (0.37–2.80), IGT 1.26 (0.43–3.82) and NIDDM 1.38 (0.62–3.91) mmol l−1 ) and NEFA (NGT 0.81 (0.29–1.58), IGT 1.02 (0.33–1.87) and NIDDM 1.02 (0.48–2.77) mmol l−1 ) were higher in the two hyperglycaemic groups, but blood 3‐HB concentration was similar in the three groups. Plasma cholesterol concentration in these subjects is lower than that reported in white Caucasians in the UK and USA and migrant Indian NIDDM patients in the UK. In NIDDM patients plasma cholesterol concentration was related to age, body mass index (BMI), and plasma glucose concentration while plasma triglyceride concentration was related to plasma NEFA and insulin (IRI) concentration. Evidence of ischaemia on electrocardiography in patients with diabetes was associated with higher age, blood pressure, plasma triglyceride, glucose, and IRI concentrations. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The effect of soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI) on the degradation of silver carp myofibrillar proteins caused by an endogenous myofibril-bound serine proteinase (MBSP) was studied. Soybean trypsin inhibitor was purified to homogeneity and added to myofibril to investigate its effect on preventing myofibrillar protein degradation. In the absence of STI, incubation at 55℃ for 30 min caused the degradation of myosin heavy chain. The degradation of actin and tropomyosin could also be detected after prolonged incubation. Compared with control, in the presence of STI, with final concentration of 0.75 μg·mL~ -1, proteolysis of myofibrillar proteins was greatly suppressed, the result showed that STI was an effective inhibitor in preventing degradation caused by MBSP. As the integrity of myosin heavy chain(MHC) and actin was the most important factor forming the elasticity of surimi, this result suggested the possibility that STI is applicable in surimi production in order to enhance the elasticity that is the quality of the final products.


Vegetated ground is strengthened by the suction generated during evapotranspiration as well as physically and mechanically by the reinforcement effect induced by tree roots. When suction suddenly d...


A new type large power invert plasma spray power supply is introduced. The main structure of the power supply adopts parallel connecting method,it is rated 80 kW and the output current can be up to 1 000 A.A safeguard method of IGBT is introduced in the paper after analyzing the reason of over current flow and over voltage.It is proved that the invert plasma spray power supply has high stability through practical spraying,and now it is put into use.


This paper discusses a training program that we are developing and are using for instructors who teach a circuits and electronics course in a blended format. The course has over 450 students enrolled in nine different sections each semester and has been taught in a blended format for six semesters. A key motivation for teaching the course in this format is to improve consistency across sections, which necessitates the need for training among the instructors on how to teach blended courses.


Abstract In this research, the mechanical activation method is proposed as an alternative process of preparation of the (BiFeO3)1-x-(BaTiO3)x solid solutions with various concentrations of barium titanate (x = 0.1÷0.9). However, mechanical milling itself does not allow obtaining the desired products and additional thermal treatment is needed to complete the solid-state reaction. In the present studies, X-ray diffraction and 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy were applied as complementary methods in order to study the structural and magnetic properties of materials. The investigations revealed that an increase of BaTiO3 concentration causes changes in the crystalline and hyperfine magnetic structure of the studied (BiFeO3)1-x-(BaTiO3)x system.


We consider the problem of finding a net that supports prescribed point forces, yet avoids certain obstacles, with all the elements of the net being under compression (or all being under tension), and being confined within a suitable bounding box. In the case of masonry structures, when described through the simple, no-tension constitutive model, this consists, for instance, in finding a strut net that supports the forces, is contained within the physical structure, and avoids regions that may be not accessible. We solve such a problem in the two-dimensional case, where the prescribed forces are applied at the vertices of a convex polygon, and we treat the cases of both single and multiple obstacles. By approximating the obstacles by polygonal regions, the task reduces to identifying the feasible domain in a linear programming problem. For a single obstacle we show how the region Γ available to the obstacle can be enlarged as much as possible in the sense that there is no other strut net, having a region Γ′ available to the obstacle with Γ⊂Γ′. The case where some of the forces are reactive is also treated.


Chatbots have rapidly become a mainstay in software development. A range of chatbots contribute regularly to the creation of actual production software. It is somewhat difficult, however, to precisely delineate hype from reality. Questions arise as to what distinguishes a chatbot from an ordinary software tool, what might be desirable properties of chatbots, and where their future may lie. This position paper introduces a starting framework through which we examine the current state of chatbots and identify directions for future work.


Electroless plating nickel-phosphorus alloy coating was conducted on the magnesium alloy,using plating solution system with nickel sulfate as the main salt and sodium phosphate as the reducing agent.The influences of the main salt and reducing agent molar concentration ratio on the morphology,composition,deposition rate and corrosion resistance of nickel-phosphorus coatings were discussed by SEM,EDS,metallographic analysis and polarization curves.The results show that the coatings retain the same morphology at different molar concentration ratios.However,the phosphorus content linearly decreases with increasing main salt and reducing agent molar concentration.The deposition rate is the fastest while the main salt and reducing agent molar concentration ratio is in the range of 0.4-0.6.The coating has good corrosion resistance while the molar concentration is 0.3or 0.4.From the above,the coatings,electroless-plated with the main salt and reducing agent molar concentration ratio of 0.4,have the best comprehensive performance,in only considering the effects of main salt and reducing agent on coating performance


The amount of scientific and medical information students are expected to master is ever increasing. This may draw attention away from the human aspect of medicine - the reason most enter medical school in the first place. Medical humanities may help students remain empathetic, self-aware and reflective as they work to become excellent physicians.


The present invention, pyruvate derived from a sugar or other carbon source, to provide levulinic acid, levulinic acid esters, valerolactone, and methods for conversion to useful C5 materials such as derivatives thereof.


Heat treatment processes were simulated with a thermo-analyse simulator for niobium-bearing low carbon steel (0.028%C-0.25%Si-1.82%Mn-0.085%Nb). In the processes, the samples were cooled down to a final cooling temperature of 350 to 550 ℃ after being normalized at 950 ℃, then reheated at different ratios, and tempered at different temperatures for different holding time periods. The morphology, the size and distribution of martensite-austenite (MA) constituents obtained under different tempering conditions were investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and image analysis. The results show that the enhancement of reheating ratio and the final cooling temperature in the range of bainite transition lead to an increase of MA volume fraction, and the maximum volume fraction of MA constituents is up to 7.9%. Tempering at high holding temperature for long holding time can result in an occurrence of the volume fraction peak of MA constituents. The average grain size of MA constituents is 0.77 to 1.48 μm after tempering. MA grains grow up and tend to be in polygonal shape when the final cooling temperature, reheating ratio and holding temperature increase and the holding time prolongs. The volume fraction and average grain size of MA constituents are mainly affected by the quantity of untransformed austenite after intermediate cooling, the evolution of carbon diffusion from ferrite to retained austenite during tempering and the stability of retained austenite after tempering.


Local Orbital Derivatives of the Earth Potential Expressed in Terms of the Satellite Cartesian Coordinates and Velocity In a satellite gradiometry mission the observables will be the second order derivatives of the Earth potential in the local orbital reference frame. The conventional expansions for these derivatives contain singular factors. They depend on the functions of the orbit inclination I and their first and second order derivatives. If the orbit eccentricity is taken into account then the functions of the eccentricity also involve these expressions. In the present paper more simple alternative expansions for the orbital derivatives are constructed, depending on the spherical coordinates and cos I. They have only two sums and do not have singular factors. These expansions depend on the Legendre functions of the latitude but do not depend on their derivatives. As compared to the earlier expressions of the authors the present ones have the form which is more convenient for computations. Besides, these expressions can be applied not only for the case when the satellite orbit is circular and π / 2 ≤ I ≤ π but for the arbitrary eccentricity (0 ≤ e < 1) and inclination (0 ≤ I ≤ π). After additional transformations the final expansions for the orbital derivatives represent, for the first time, simple functions of the cartesian coordinates of the satellite and the components of its velocity. These expressions may be convenient for inverting a huge amount of the GOCE data in the geopotential coefficients.


Bangbu gold deposit is located to the south of the east section of the Yarlung Zangbo tectonic suture zone in the southern Tibet. The gold ore bodies are controlled by the secondary fractures in the large-scale brittle-ductile shear zone. It is a proved large-scale primary gold deposit in Tibet. Microthermometric measurements and Laser Raman analysis show that auriferous quartz veins of the Bangbu gold deposit contain three types of fluid inclusions:liquid aqueous inclusions (type I); CO2-bearing brine inclusions (type II),which can be subdivided into two-phase (type IIa) and three-phase (type IIb) inclusions; pure gaseous hydrocarbon inclusions (type III). The CO2-bearing brine inclusions have salinity values of 2.20% NaCleqv~9.45% NaCleqv,with a peak of 6.0% NaCleqv~7.0% NaCleqv and an average of 6.25% NaCleqv,homogenization temperature values of 166.7~335.8℃,with a peak of 210~250℃and an average of 235.4℃,and density values of 0.63~0.96g/cm3,with a peak of 0.85~0.95g/cm3 and an average of 0.87g/cm3,suggesting that the ore-forming fluids of the Bangbu gold deposit is characteristics by high content of CO2,low salinity,low to moderate homogenization temperature and low density,which are similar to those of typical orogenic gold deposits. Oxygen and hydrogen isotopic analyses show that δD and δ18O of the ore-forming fluids in the Bangbu gold deposit are-44.4‰~-105.3‰ and 4.7‰~9.0‰,respectively,indicating that the ore-forming fluids is composed mainly of metamorphic fluid,with addition of mantle-derived fluid. Geologic and geochemical features show that the Bangbu gold deposit may be a Cenozoic orogenic gold deposit formed under continental collisional background.


Emotional intelligence (EI) relates to the ability to perceive, understand, use and manage one's own, and others', emotions. Over the past 20 years, entering the emotional intelligence to the field of management and leadership is very evident. But the growth of this concept in field of business and marketing is very slow and a Little scientific work has been performed in this field. This paper examines links between emotional intelligence and relationship marketing. The data of this study is collected with Bradberry and Travis Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire from branches of Ansar bank, located in Mashhad city in Iran. Findings illustrate a positive association between various components of EI and relationship marketing.


The pre-equilibrium proton induced emission of light complex nuclei with energies in the continuum has been studied comprehensively for many years. Double–differential cross sections and especially analyzing power distributions are typical of an intranuclear nucleon-nucleon multistep statistical reaction mechanism. The final stage of the reaction may be a result of a direct pickup or knockout of the ejectile. The discussion on this subject continues to be a hot topic for both theoretical and experimental investigations. In this paper the results from the latest studies of the inclusive (, α) reactions on 59 Co to the continuum will be reported. The formalism based on the statistical multistep direct emission formulation of Feshbach, Kerman and Koonin is found to give a reasonably good reproduction of cross section and analyzing power distributions at various emission energies. Special attention will be paid to the details of the calculations.


This study is to determine the resources, events, and agents for Resource-Event-Agent (REA) data model as a technique of specifying and designing accounting information system and also to develop a system prototype based on the REA model.The Revenue Information System (RIS) REA model and prototype are developed by having direct selling Sales Point as the case study. REA data model is chosen to ease the understanding of the database, particularly to those who do not possess information technology background.The idea is to build an information technology application that supports business process in real-time.In this paper, we described a structured approach and process in planning and performing a transformation project and in the conversion from the legacy information systems to the new updated information systems.We have applied the REA model approach and process to a real world case study, that is, the transformation project of the RIS in the sales order receipts and cash receipt systems.RIS is developed using MS Access 2003 as the database and Visual Basic for the interface.The result shows that REA model captures only essential aspects of economic phenomena and thus, (1) models are kept concise and easy to understand, (2) models can be used for many applications, and (3) derived artifacts are always consistent by means of the models.The new developed prototype system has resulted in improving the efficiency in business processes, supporting timely collection of cash, providing timely account information for decision making and also increasing customer satisfaction by improving the quality, speed and responsiveness of their customer services.User-friendly functions and Graphical User Interface (GUI) features that were embedded in the system also contributed to the feasibility success and adoption of the system prototype. Database design in business information system structured by accountants and those who are involved in the business itself would create a meaningful system as their business needs are fulfilled.


O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine modification is an important post-translational modification, emerging as a novel regulatory mechanism in various cellular events. Recently, several studies have shown that O-GlcNAcylation plays an essential role in human breast, lung, and colon cancers. With regard to skin cancers, the role of O-GlcNAcylation has yet to be elucidated. To investigate whether O-GlcNAcylation is linked to human skin tumor development, immunohistochemical analysis was performed to investigate the presence of OGlcNAcylation in various skin tumors. We evaluated the levels of O-GlcNAcylation, O-GlcNAc transferase, and O-GlcNAcase in 29 benign tumors, 12 premalignant tumors, and 26 malignant tumors in skin. Compared to the benign tumors, premalignant and malignant tumors had increased patterns of O-GlcNAcylation. In addition, the O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAcase levels were higher in premalignant and malignant tumors than in benign tumors. Interestingly, O-GlcNAcase levels were significantly increased in premalignant tumors compared to benign and malignant tumors. These results suggest that O-GlcNAcylation of proteins may play an important role in the development of human skin tumors.


The utility model relates to a reaction force device with combination of anchor bars and steel beams. The reaction force device comprises a plurality of jacks, a plurality of anchor bars, a plurality of steel-bar pulling rods, a plurality of disc-shaped steel plates, rigid-frame brackets, weight steel beams, a main beam, a stress piece and a measuring instrument, wherein the anchor bars are arranged on pile heads and a bottom plate needing to be loaded with the weight steel beams; one disc-shaped steel plate is arranged on each pile head; all the disc-shaped steel plates are provided with the jacks; each steel-bar pulling rod is connected with the corresponding anchor bar by a pair of butt-joint bolts; each steel-bar pulling rod is provided with the stress piece; the rigid-frame brackets are arranged on the bottom plate at the two sides of the position needing to install the weight steel beams; the weight steel beams are arranged on the jacks; the main beam is erected on the weight steel beams; the steel-bar pulling rods and the main beam are fastened by bolts to press the weight steel beams; and the measuring instrument is arranged on the bottom plate. The reaction force device is applied in the construction of building engineering, the detection test of a base pile is finished in the built small-space range of the bottom plate, the time and the labor are saved and too-large space is not needed.


We report on the fabrication and optical characterization of different silicon nanocrystal layers embedded in various structures: deposited on a fused quartz plate, on top of a half cavity, and embedded in a full cavity. The half and full cavity are, respectively, a mirror and a Fabry–Perot resonator, both being composed of dielectric distributed Bragg reflectors. Spectral and angular dependencies of the photoluminescence (PL) behavior have been measured. It is shown that the fabrication process does not affect the PL properties of the nanocrystals. Efficient spectral and angular narrowing is observed for the full cavity, leading to a spectral width of 13 nm and an aperture cone of 15°. Moreover, the cavity enhances the intensity of the vertically emitted light by a factor of approximately 20.


In this paper, we investigate hidden node problem to effectively utilize TV band devices(TVBDs) in the TV white space(TVWS), and also to protect digital television(DTV) service in Korea. Firstly, we classify the radio propagation environment into an urban area, a basin area, and a coastal area based on geographical characteristics. Thereafter, we measure and analyze local shape based hidden node attenuation at eight segmented positions in each geographic area. Because commercial buildings as well as residential and commercial buildings in Korea are located in closer proximity to each other than in other countries, hidden node margin should be more than 38 dB in order to safely protect DTV service in Korea.


The invention provides a polycrystalline silicon production process capable of simplifying process, reducing energy consumption and saving production cost. A chlorine hydride technique is used to substitute a synthetic process and a cold hydrogenation process in a traditional production system. A condenser and a purifier are used in the invention to substitute a dry recovery system in a traditional production system. A general circulation established between a hydrochlorination process and a reduction process can utilize hydrogen produced in the reduction as a supplementary gas for hydrochlorination, so that the operation cost is reduced. As the hydrochlorination and hydrogen reduction general circulation are realized, only a set of hydrogen compressor needs to be configured after the condenser, so as to save energy; and because of the one-stage compression, the number of one-time configured compressors and standby machines thereof is greatly reduced, thereby reducing one-time investment and operating costs by more than 10%.


This paper aims to review Howard Goldblatt's translational behavior in terms of both "intra-translation" and "extra-translation" by probing into his translation of My Life as Emperor. A postcolonial scrutiny of Goldblatt's translation reveals the inherently ambiguous and hybrid nature of his translation practice. It is hoped that this paper will contribute to the study on the status quo of the output of contemporary Chinese fiction in the era of globalization. Keywords—Howard Goldblatt; translation behavior; postcolonial perspective; My Life as Emperor


In massive machine-type communications (mMTC), the conflict between millions of potential access devices and limited channel freedom leads to a sharp decrease in spectrum efficiency. The nature of sporadic activity in mMTC provides a solution to enhance spectrum efficiency by employing compressive sensing (CS) to perform multiuser detection (MUD). However, CS-MUD suffers from high computation complexity and fails to meet the strict latency requirement in some critical applications. To address this problem, in this paper, we propose a novel deep learning (DL) based framework for grant-free non-orthogonal multiple access (GF-NOMA), where we utilize the information distilled from the initial data recovery phase to further enhance channel estimation, which in turn improves data recovery performance. Besides, we design an interpretable and structured Model-driven Prior Information Aided Network (M-PIAN) and provide theoretical analysis that demonstrates the proposed M-PIAN can converge faster and support more users. Experiments show that the proposed method outperforms existing CS algorithms and DL methods in both computation complexity and reconstruction accuracy.


wish that I could say, along with my fellow past presidents of the society, that my so-called career focused on one particular aspect of psychological anthropology. Alas, I have been about as single-minded as a hungry butterfly. I began with a study of values, then followed that with a book on the power of ecological factors to shape values and psychological attributes, as a part of a large four-society study in East Africa directed by Wally Goldschmidt, my mentor and friend. After that, I helped to write a book about how people's "drunken comportment" is more a function of cultural understanding than "cortical disinhibition." This was followed by some work on "social order," the first book being a study of how such a thing could be brought about on a very dangerous urban beach; the second was a more theoretical book about rules, exceptions, and social order. Next came some textbooks about deviant behavior and a number of other articles on the subject. I also published several things on transcultural psychiatry. Time passed and I became interested, as I had been earlier in my life, in African resistance to colonialism. I wrote a trilogy of books, the first about the British invasion of Zululand in 1876, the second about the Mau Mau rebellion in recent times in Kenya, and the third on the resistance of the Asante of Ghana to British rule throughout the 19th century. Some five years ago, I wrote a book called Sick Societies (1992) in which I argued that the concepts of cultural relativism and cultural determinism had outlived their earlier usefulness, insisting that some traditional beliefs and practices were actually maladaptive, and suggested that an "evaluative" anthropology was needed instead of one that regarded all such practices with respect. As part of this line of thought, I next wrote a book (1997) about the inexplicable transformation of Japan's military from the most chivalrous and kind in the world during its wars from 1860 to 1914, to some of the most bestial war criminals of our time during World War II (Western counter-crimes are also considered). Finally, there is a book (1999) about the amazing ability of people, at least 150 years ago during


This paper examines the creation of what I have called "The Other Average Man" of nineteenth-century science. This other average man was created during the course of the career of the Belgian polymath Adolphe Quetelet (1796–1874) and his development of physique sociale and the controversial l'homme moyen. Rather than discuss Quetelet's abstract average man, which has received considerable attention, the paper focuses on the real average men that Quetelet imagined would do the work of providing data for physique sociale. To do so, it investigates three moments in Quetelet's administrative career in Belgium: his early life in Ghent and Brussels during the brief polity of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, his remarkable transformation of the Académie Royale de Belgique in the 1820s, and an 1846 debate at the Academy on the possible determinism entailed by Quetelet's statistical account of human behavior. These stories not only point to the creation of another average man in Quetelet's social physics, but also demonstrate the importance of Belgium's unique historical context for understanding one of nineteenth-century Europe's most enduring contributions to the social sciences.


* I would like to take the opportunity to express my deep gratitude to Margot Badran, whose work has been a constant source of inspiration since I started my research on Egyptian feminism. Her generous comments have been instrumental in the final draft of this article, which represents my first step beyond my Doctoral research, and into the study of contemporary Egyptian feminism. I am grateful also to the friends and colleagues in Cairo who made this research possible. Claudia Ruta (Un Women), Carmine Cartolano and Gennaro Gervasio for sharing their contacts and expertise; all the women's and human rights activists who generously offered their time in days of hard work. A special thanks to my assistant researcher, Estella Carpi, for transcribing the interviews, and to my colleagues and friends Luca Anceschi, Maurizio Marinelli, Serena Tolino, Eileen Walsh, and Sonia Wilson, for their thought provoking comments.


The paper presents recent technological advancements that have been made by Siemens PLM in its simulation tools for multi-body analyses and multi-physics simulation in order to run physics-based high fidelity models in real-time. The motivation is enable reuse of simulation models developed during the engineering phase during the validation phase with hardware or humans in the loop. To demonstrate these capabilities, two simulator have been developed. A short overview of these simulators is presented.


We present an overview and a eritique of computerized psychologies! testing and assessment. Emphasis is placed on describing computer testing systems currently in place, discussing considerations (factors) in developing a computerized psychological testing system, examining the research on potential benefits and problems associated with computerized psychological testing, and discussing Ihe need for the adoption of a set of guidelines, both scientific and ethical, for computerized psychological testing. We conclude that computerized psychological testing systems have the potential of being practical, cost-effective, and psychometrically sound means of assessing individuals. The potential of computerized psychological testing can be realized if proper considerations are made in designing, developing, and implementing these testing systems, and if professional standards (guidelines) are adhered to by computer test service providers and users. Before the adoption of computerized psychological testing becomes widespread, a number of serious issues deserve the attention of professionals. Over the past two decades, the use of computers in psychological assessment has steadily increased. During this time, computers have assisted in administering and scoring tests as well as in providing interpretive reports. Some of the early work related to the use of computers in psychological assessment, for a variety of different purposes, was reported by Gedye (1968), KJeinmuntz and McLean (1968), Lang (1969), and Stillman, Roth, Colby, and Rosenbaum (1969). Sampson (1983) reported that the use of computers in the testing field began when large time-sharing computers were used to optically scan, score, and profile standardized tests. This was followed by the addition of interpretive narrative reports to these systems. More recently, tests have been administered via computer terminals. Systems for administering tests via computer terminals also incorporate test scoring and interpretation components. A number of different types of computer systems for administering, scoring, and interpreting tests are commercially available. Our purpose is to provide an overview of existing computerized psychological testing systems, to describe some of the considerations in developing and implementing a computer testing system, to discuss the potential benefits and problems associated with computerized psychological testing, and to discuss the need for strict adherence to a set of standards for the administration and interpretation of computerized psychological tests.


In the tenth grade we read Dostoevsky's novel Crime and Punishment, where several real-life places in St. Petersburg are described. Few names of these places are written in full; the very fact that the action takes place in a designated place indicates realism and affects the characteristics (and sometimes the meaning) of it. However, Dostoevsky "encrypts" some of the addresses. In order to find the places not directly indicated, I decided to follow the footsteps of the heroes of this work, and after getting acquainted with the research on the topography of the novel, I went to St. Petersburg. After studying various archives, maps, and other sources, I was able to find the house of the Marmeladov family, which is not indicated in academic works. This study demonstrates a way of reasoning leading to an unambiguous conclusion and opening new meanings in the novel Crime and Punishment, such as the way of Raskolnikov's thought, the reasons why Dostoevsky settled his characters on a certain street, and so on.


permanence. Morimoto identifies these elements as the "Catholic concern" in Edwards (p. 7). The title of this book is misleading. For while Morimoto posits a Catholic concern in Edwards, he does not consistently examine the New England theologian in relationship to the Catholic vision of salvation. Morimoto offers no evidence that Edwards read Aquinas or that he was actively engaged in responding to Catholic thought. Rather, the so-called Catholic concern in Edwards is a creative extension of Lee's interpretation that produces a de-Puritanized and de-New Englandized Edwards who is ripe for contemporary ecumenical appropriation. Historians will be interested in Morimoto's book for its informative introduction to Edwards's soteriology. But they are likely to be less interested in, and may even be troubled by, the catholic Edwards who emerges from Morimoto's analysis. Those historians familiar with Edwards's pure church principles and with the failure of Edwardsian missionaries to convert Native Americans will be surprised to learn that his "inclusive" soteriology can advance contemporary ecumenical dialogues.


To improve the performance of reverse converter, the residue numeral system is proposed using Han-Carlson structure with excess one unit. They generate and propagate signals are transmitted to the radix tree and the data structure is used to store the strings that allows fast look up. Han-Carlson reduces the complexity and it supports the huge number of adders with high performance operation. This method uses less number of digital operators by adjusting the number of stages. It efficiently reduces the delay and it increases the timing, speed and power consumption. Han-Carlson structure is very useful for applications like cryptography, the arithmetic process, security purposes, global unique identifiers, computer software.


Some polities are able to use constitutionally prescribed political processes to settle distributional disputes, whereas in other polities distributional disputes result in civil conflict. Theoretical analysis reveals that the following properties help to make it possible to design a self-enforcing constitution that can settle recurring distributional disputes between social classes without civil conflict: *Neither social class has a big advantage in civil conflict. *The expected incremental costs of civil conflict are large relative to aggregate appropriable economic rents. *Both social classes are greatly concerned about the future consequences of their current actions. Theoretical analysis also reveals that a self-enforcing constitution can require limitations on the prerogatives of winners of constitutional contests such that on average the distribution of appropriable economic rents under the constitution is not too favorable to one social class or the other and such that the outcome of a constitutional contest does not matter too much for the current distribution of economic rents.


Process that allows an athlete (3) performing a muscle training determine a setpoint for lavelocidad displacement of a mass (2), including the following steps: 1) Determination of at least a rate of initial set point at which said mass must be moved, 2) Introduction by the athlete (3) in a portable accelerometer (30) of a qualitative objective (5 V, PV, PF, Hyp, F) for training, 3) During training athlete, measuring a series of acceleration values (a (n)) with said portable ayudade accelerometer (30) following the displacement of said mass; 4) Depending on said series of acceleration values, calculating by said portable accelerometer to menosuna speed setpoint modified with at least one setpoint value calculated by said acelerometrodependiente the above qualitative objective.


Supplementation of wheat flour with debittered fenugreek flour (Trigonella foenum graecum L.) from 1.5 to 9% levels of substitution, increased the protein, fat, fibre, ash, flour colour grade value and decreased the maltose values, damaged starch and gluten contents. While farinograph water absorption increased with the increase in the level of fenugreek, the dough development time and dough stability remained unaffected upto 4.5% level and thereafter increased. Amylograph peak viscosity and viscosity after cooking to 50°C decreased with the increase in level of fenugreek in wheat flour upto 7% level of substitution.


The aim of this research was determine total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity by DPPH and ABTS assay from leaves, flower and stem of Crateva adansonii DC. subsp. trifoliate (Roxb) Jacobs that was extracted by Soxhlet method using ethanol, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate as solvent. Leaves extract showed the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Ethanolic leaf extract showed the highest total phenolic content (157.13±0.32 mg GAE/g extract) and antioxidant activity by DPPH assay (53.64±3.78% (IC 50 = 1.49±0.02 mg/ml)) and ABTS assay (76.51±0.97% (IC 50 = 0.84±0.01 mg/ml)). When we considering solvent effect found that ethanolic extract showed the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. Total flavonoid content, ethyl acetate extract showed the highest total flavonoid content. Total phenolic content significantly correlated with antioxidant activity.


A study was carried out to assess the levels of Glucose ,Insulin and Leptin during late gestation
and early lactation and their correlation in murrah buffaloes was determined. All of the variables
were significantly affected by transition period. The level of Insulin, Glucose and Leptin was
significantly higher 15 days before parturition, followed by 15 days after parturition and lowest on
the day of parturition.


The security of wireless information transmission in large-scale multi-input and multioutput (MIMO) is the focus of research in wireless communication. Recently, a new artificial noise—SCO-AN which shows no orthogonality to the channel, is proposed to overcome the shortcomings of traditional artificial noise. In the previous research, the optimization function of SCO-AN is not convex, and its extremum cannot be obtained. Usually, nonconvex optimization algorithms or iterative relaxation algorithms are used to get the maximum value of the optimization objective function. Nonconvex optimization algorithms or iterative relaxation algorithms are greatly affected by the initial value, and the extremum cannot be obtained by a nonconvex optimization algorithm or iterative relaxation algorithm. In this paper, we creatively apply the strong law of large numbers to obtain the optimal value of the optimization function of SCO-AN under the condition of large-scale MIMO: the strong law of large numbers is applied to obtain the ergodic lower bound (ELB) expression of SC for SCO-AN. The power allocation (PA) problem of the SCO-AN system is discussed. We use a statistical method to get the formula for calculating the optimal power distribution coefficient of the SCO-AN system. The transmitter can use the optimal power ratio of PA to distribute the transmitted power without using the PA algorithm. The effect of imperfect channel state information is discussed. Through simulation, we found that more power should be generated for SCO-AN if the channel estimation is imperfect and the proposed method can achieve better security performance in the large-scale MIMO system.


The three-port converter has three H-bridge ports that can interface with three different energy sources and offers the advantages of flexible power transmission, galvanic isolation ability and high power density. The three-port full-bridge converter can be used in electric vehicles as a combined charger that consists of a battery charger and a DC-DC converter. Power transfer occurs between two ports while the third port is isolated, i.e., the average power is zero. The purpose of this paper is to apply an optimal phase shift strategy in isolation control and provide a detailed comparison between traditional phase shift control and optimal phase shift control under the proposed isolation control scheme, including comparison of the zero-voltage-switching range and the root mean square current for the two methods. Based on this analysis, the optimal parameters are selected. The results of simulations and experiments are given to verify the advantages of dual-phase-shift control in isolation control.


By forming the spacer made of a material having a high etching ratio to the interlayer insulating film on the gate electrode side walls, forming a substrate upper is the upper and the source and drain regions of the gate electrode formed of a high melting point metal silicide film, a gate electrode and a gate electrode this method has been disclosed a semiconductor memory device capable of forming a contact hole in a self-aligning manner between the exposing. Further, by performing the contact hole after the ion implantation process for the entire active region is filled within a metal such as tungsten, the manufacturing method of the gate electrode lower part only semiconductor memory device capable of forming an impurity region have been disclosed. Self-aligned contact hole, the ion implantation part,


The aim of our study was to screen Moroccan actinomycete isolates able to produce nonpolyenic antifungal metabolites in order to contribute to limiting the problem of fungal infections emergence in particular mycotic diseases and to discover known antifungal families, especially nonpolyenic drugs. 480 isolates were tested against 5clinically pathogenic Candida species. Several methods have been used to study the polyenic or non-polyenic nature of the antifungal molecules produced by Actinobacteria (i) The study of the antibacterial activity (the bacterial plasma membrane is devoid of sterols); (ii) The screening of the antimicrobial activity of resistant strains to polyenic antifungals essentially Candida tropicalis R2 and Pythium irregular; (iii) The inhibition of antifungal activity by exogenous ergosterol addition in the culture medium and (iv) The UV-Visible light spectrophotometric analysis of the crude extracts of the actinomycete isolates. Among all isolate tested, only 60 (29 %) showed an antifungal activity against all test microorganisms used. Six active isolates meet all the selection criteria and produced nonpolyenic antifungal metabolites. The taxonomic study of the promising isolate Z26, using morphological, physiological and molecular characters, showed that it has 99,43% of similarity with Streptomyces phytohabitans but there were some differences in morphological characteristics. In addition, the chemical study, using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, of the bioactive substances produced in the Z26 isolate fermentation broth in NL300 culture medium allowed the determination of two macrolide derivatives with chemical structures C62H100O24(m/z 1251.6504 [M+Na]+) and C68H110O26(m/z 1365.7174 [M+Na]+). NMR experiments revealed that the active compounds were Novonestmycin A and B. The Novonestmycins A and B are for the first time produced by an actinomycete strain purely isolated from the Moroccan ecosystems.


(57) Abstract: A system and method for detecting a movement of the right embedded in the right atrium of the heart atrium endocardial lead (35). Lead includes an electrode. Sensing cardiac activity by cardiac activity and endocardial lead electrodes of the right ventricle of the heart during a period of time. Storing the detected cardiac activity in the memory (90). Analyzing the stored cardiac activity, to establish a first time window from ventricular activity has been detected, and spaced apart from the first hour window to establish a second time window prior to this. Then, the cardiac activity detected using endocardium lead electrodes during the first hour window, compared to the cardiac activity detected using endocardium lead electrodes during the second time window. In other embodiments, regarded as when the cardiac activity by the atrial endocardial lead is detected during the first time period at any time, the atrial endocardial lead moves.


Abstract: In this study, a collocation method is introduced to find the approximate solutions of Hantavirus infection model which is a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. The method is based on the Bessel functions of the first kind, matr ix operations and collocation points. This method converts Hantavirus in fection model into a matrix equation in terms of the Bessel fu nctions of first kind, matrix operations and collocation points. The matrix equation corresponds to a system of nonlinear equations wit h the unknown Bessel coefficients. The reliability and efficiency of the su ggested scheme are demonstrated by numerical applications nd all numerical calculations have been done by using a program written in Map le.


Inelastic neutron scattering experiments were performed at intermediate and high momentum transfers, up to 85-90 A ring {sup -1}, to study the proton momentum distribution in polycrystalline sodium hydrogen fluoride (NaHF{sub 2}) at low temperature (below 5 K). The H mean kinetic energy was extracted and compared to the results from hydrogen-projected density of phonon states derived from intermediate momentum transfer inelastic neutron scattering and lattice dynamics simulations. A reasonable agreement between the two figures was found. In addition, relevant aspects of high momentum transfer neutron scattering from NaHF{sub 2} were explored in detail, ranging from an alternative evaluation of final state effects to the role played by the instrumental resolution and to the possibility to reconstruct the potential felt by a proton from its momentum distribution.


Let G and H be two graph and P (G, x) and P (H,x) are their chromatic polynomial, respectively. The two graphs G and H are said to be chromatic equivalent denoted by G ∼ H if P (G, x) = P (H,x). A graph G is called chromatically unique graph if no other graph has the chromatic polynomial as the graph G. In this paper, the chromatic uniqueness of a new family of 6-bridge graph θ(r, r, r, s, t, u), where 2 ≤ r ≤ s ≤ t ≤ u is investigated.


Aim. To study the immunophenotypical peculiarities of mice lymphocytes in experimental infection caused by clones 57 and 58, as the variants of one Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) strain. Materials and methods. The influence of variants 57 and 58, extracted from the population of one TBEV strain, on immunophenotypical peculiarities of infected mice lymphocytes was studied. Results. In our study, variants 57 and 58 were close by their effect on the structure of lymphocyte subpopulations. The viruses did not influence T lymphocyte number, but in this or that extent, they caused decrease in the number of NKT ( p < 0,05) and T-regulatory cells ( p < 0,05). Both variants also elevated ( p < 0,05) the level of cells with early activation marker (CD45/CD25). The specific feature of variant 57 was induction of B lymphocyte number (CD45/CD/19, p < 0,05). Mixed infection of animals with variants 57 and 58 induced disbalance of immune response, characterized by fall in the number of T lymphocyte, T helper, NK cell pools and rise in B lymphocyte level. Conclusions. Thus, the ability of TBEV variants, as the components of one viral population, to modulate effector functions of hereditary and adaptive immunity at early stages of infectious process was demonstrated.


Recent experiments with a prototype long-pulse, high-current ion source being developed for the neutral beam injection system of the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research have shown that the accelerator grid assembly needs a further upgrade to achieve the final goal of 120keV/65A for the deuterium ion beam. The accelerator upgrade concept was determined theoretically by simulations using the IGUN code. The simulation study was focused on finding parameter sets that raise the optimum perveance as large as possible and reduce the beam divergence as low as possible. From the simulation results, it was concluded that it is possible to achieve this goal by sliming the plasma grid (G1), shortening the second gap (G2-G3), and adjusting the G2 voltage ratio.


Novel polyfunctional neutral organophosphorus ligands, namely 1,5-N,N'-bis[(diphenylphosphoryl)acetyl(alkyl)amino]pentanes [Ph2P(O)CH2C(O)NR]2(CH2)5 (Ia, R = C6H13; Ib, R = CH3), were studied as extractants for Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Th, and U from nitric acid solutions. The effect of both HNO3 concentration in the aqueous phase and that of the extractant in the organic phase on the extraction of metal ions is considered. The stoichiometry of the extracted complexes was determined by the slope analysis method. Compared with the related bisaminopentane [Ph2P(O)CH2C(O)NH]2(CH2)5 (Ic), the replacement of hydrogen atoms at the amide nitrogens by alkyl radicals (compounds Ia,b) leads to an increase of metal ions extraction. Bis-CMPO ligands Ia-c were found to possess higher extraction efficiency towards U(VI), Th(IV), and Ln(III) than their monophosphorylated analogue Ph2P(O)CH2C(O)N(C4H9)2.


AIM OF THE STUDY:
To compare the analgesic efficacy of thoracic paravertebral block using continuous infusion of local anesthetic versus intermittent bolus in patients undergoing elective thoracotomy surgeries.
BACKGROUND:
Various techniques and drug regimens for thoracic paravertebral block have been evaluated for post-thoracotomy analgesia. In this study continuous infusion versus intermittent bolus of local anesthetics for thoracic paravertebral block have been compared in the patients undergoing elective thoracotomy surgeries. 64 patients have been selected and randomized in to two groups with
32 patients in each group. Paravertebral block was performed and catheter kept in the paravertebral space. Intra operative vitals were noted. Post operative
vitals and Visual Analogue Score were observed and compared between the two groups.
RESULTS:
Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure were lower in continuous infusion group than the intermittent bolus group during both intra operatively and post operatively which is statistically
significant.
The visual analogue scale score post-operatively was meaningfully less in continuous infusion intervention group compared to intermittent bolus intervention group by 0.29 mean score points which is statistically significant.
CONCLUSION:
From this study we can conclude that continuous infusion of local anesthetic is really superior to intermittent bolus administration of local anesthetic in the paravertebral block as shown by continuous pain relief with absence of break through pain and better patient compliance in post operative physiotherapy and ablility to cough out sputum.


Flipped classroom in mathematics is gaining momentum even in post-pandemic. This innovative pedagogy is beneficial in delivering mathematics content even when the number of learning sessions is reduced due to the restrictions of holding in-person classes. This study explores the effect of flipping mathematics classroom on the achievement of high school students and if a gender divide exists. One-Group Pre-test and Post-test Design was employed. Fifty-seven (57) Grade 10 students were the respondents of this study of which there were twenty-five (25) male and thirty-two (32) female students. Findings revealed that students improved their scores in the given mathematics assessment after being exposed to the flipped classroom. Consequently, the Mean Percentage Scores increased significantly from Low Mastery to Average Near Mastery. However, no gender divide was found in a flipped classroom. Overall, the flipped classroom can potentially increase students' achievement in mathematics.


The crystal and molecular structure of diastereomerically pure N4-benzoyl-2'-deoxycytidine 3'-O-(Se-methyl methanephosphonoselenolate (FAST-eluted) (4, R = H, B = CBz) and 5'-O-pixylthymidine 3'-O-(S-methyl methanephosphonothiolate (FAST-eluted) (5) have been elucidated by X-ray crystallography. The absolute configuration at the phosphorus atom in both compounds is SP. Each FAST-4' (R = DMT, B = CBz) and FAST-5 (R = Px, B = Thy) in the process of DBU/LiCl-assisted condensation with 3'-O-acetyl-N4-benzoylcytidine and 3'-O-acetylthymidine gave after deprotection (SP)-dicytidine-(3',5')-methanephosphonate and (SP)- dithymidine-(3',5')-methanephosphonate, respectively. Unambiguous assignment of the absolute configuration at the phosphorus in 4 (R = H, B = CBz) and 5 (R = Px, B = Thy) allows for stereochemical correlation and the conclusion that DBU/LiCl-assisted nucleophilic substitution at phosphorus occurs with net inversion of configuration, in contrast to our earlier erroneous deduction.5 Moreover, the kn...


We study knowledge flows between organizations through secondments, short-term employee assignments at an organization different from the home institution. Secondments allow the sending organization to capture knowledge and network resources from the receiving organization without an organization-level contract, alliance, or colocation, a process we term learning by seconding. We focus on the National Science Foundation (NSF) rotation program, under which the NSF employs academics, called rotators, on loan from their university, to lead peer reviews. We ask how rotators affect the behavior of their academic colleagues after returning from a secondment. Using difference in differences estimations, we show that rotators' colleagues raise considerably more research funds than similar scientists who do not have a rotator colleague. Additional quantitative and qualitative evidence implies that the treatment effect occurs via knowledge transfer, as rotators help generate ideas, frame proposals, and explain processes, rather than rent-seeking on the part of the rotator. Overall, the results suggest that strong ties and shared social identity play an important role in organizational knowledge acquisition.


Calcium propionate,potassium sorbate,sodium benzoate,p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters,cinnamyl glyceroyl fumarate(CGF) were used in the antimicrobial experiment of Peronophythoral litchii.The results showed in the seven food preservatives,that calcium propionate had no effect on the growth of Peronophythoral litchii,while cinnamyl glyceroyl fumarate was the best.


The study was carried out in Iseyin Local Government Area of Oyo State in 2006, to examine the profitability of' Aso-Oke' production. Purposive sampling method was used to select 80 respondents for the study. Production function analysis was used and output of Aso-Oke production was regressed on hired labour, family labour, cost of starch, quantity of weaving thread, quantity of cone thread and years of significant in 'Aso-Oke' production in the study area. The result of the regression analysis revealed that hired labour, cost of starch, quantity of
weaving thread, cone thread and family labour were significant at 1%, 1%, 1% 1% 5% and 1% respectively in 'Aso-Oke' production in the study area. The budgetary analysis was used to show the profit level of Aso-Oke production in the study area. The profit level of an average 'Aso-Oke' producer is W5, 676.96 per week. Amongst the problems facing the Aso-Oke producers are financial, unfavourable weather and lack of government support. Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made: that the government should give assistance to the producers in terms of provision of infrastructures and weaving equipment while the producers are enjoined to form co-operative societies.


Communicating state machines provide a formal foundation for distributed computation. Unfortunately, they are Turing-complete and, thus, challenging to analyse. In this paper, we classify restrictions on channels which have been proposed to work around the undecidability of verification questions. We compare half-duplex communication, existential B-boundedness, and k-synchronisability. These restrictions do not prevent the communication channels from growing arbitrarily large but still restrict the power of the model. Each restriction gives rise to a set of languages so, for every pair of restrictions, we check whether one subsumes the other or if they are incomparable. We investigate their relationship in two different contexts: first, the one of communicating state machines, and, second, the one of communication protocol specifications using high-level message sequence charts. Surprisingly, these two contexts yield different conclusions. In addition, we integrate multiparty session types, another approach to specify communication protocols, into our classification. We show that multiparty session type languages are half-duplex, existentially 1-bounded, and 1-synchronisable. To show this result, we provide the first formal embedding of multiparty session types into high-level message sequence charts.


This study provides evidence on the value relevance of corporate governance mechanisms in a developing stock exchange. It empirically investigates the effect of corporate governance mechanisms prescribed by the corporate governance law (L.3016/2002) on abnormal stock returns for firms listed in the Athens Stock Exchange (ASE). The first corporate governance law in Greece aims to improve the existing corporate governance framework. However, stock prices seem no to be affected by the regulatory reforms in the corporate governance mechanisms. Three reasons are given: (1) the fundamental economic value of a firm is not affected by the introduction of corporate governance mechanisms; (2) the fundamental economic value of a firm is affected by the introduction of corporate governance mechanisms but due to the fact that the Greek stock market is not efficient share prices do not reflect firm's fundamental economic value; and (3) investors may not be convinced that corporate governance mechanisms significantly affect the performance of a company.The findings of this study can facilitate legislators in improving the existing legislation concerning corporate governance and in developing a new one.


We evaluated whether the grade assigned to the Achilles tendon's appearance on sonograms can be used to predict the outcome of achillodynia.


The purpose of this research was to diagnose babesiosis in dogs from the city of Yantzaza. The canine population of the sector was 1753; the Epi program was used for the calculation of the sample info with the 95% of reliability, obtaining a sample of 83 dogs that came from two veterinary clinics. One of the objectives was to determine the prevalence of Babesia spp with consideration given to the age, gender and race of the dogs.
The observation of microscopic babesias using Giemsa staining on peripheral smear; the results obtained are as follows: the total prevalence of canine babesiosis was 76%. With Consideration of age; the highest percentage was obtained in dogs 3 to 4 years old, with 85% dogs, under 1 year and 3 years old with 65% for each. There were found smaller percentages in groups of dogs 5 to 6 years-old and older dogs, 7 years 50% and 60% respectively. Whereas sex; higher prevalence in males was observed with 52% and about a 48% in females. In terms of race; the percentage was higher in the French Poodle, with 83 % and the American Pit Bull Terrier breeds there were 75% and mixed breeds with 63%.
The next objective was to relate the clinical symptoms with positive test results to Babesia Giemsa, finding 13% without it, and 87% dogs were positive and symptomatic for asymptomatic. (healthy carriers). Finally a count was made in those symptomatic dogs, noting a 50% of normocytic anemia, followed by a regenerative anemia 38% and 25% respectively hiporregenerative anemia and 38% of them had thrombocytopenia.


The genus Pongamia Vent. in represented in India by one species, namely Pongamia pinnata Pierre. Full synonymy, description, destribution, and notes of interest on ecology, economic and medicinal aspects of this taxon are discussed.


Objective To analyze the effect of rehabilitation arrangement on children with cochlear implants (CI) and provide guidance to the follow-up donation project of CI for hearing-impaired children. Methods According to the requirement of rehabilitation arrangement in the donation project, the action research method had been used and 200 children with CI had been arranged in 18 qualified rehabilitation institutions for hearing-impaired children. The guidance and follow-up service had been provided to them regularly. Rehabilitation effect had been analyzed by the end of the term of rehabilitation as compared with relatively complete rehabilitation evaluation dada and satisfaction questionnaire for parents. Results ① After one-year rehabilitation, the improvement of speech recognition, language age and study ability was obvious(P 0.01);②The satisfaction of parents before and after rehabilitation had significant difference (P0.01); ③The age of implantation and the duration of rehabilitation arrangement after operation were key points to the ability of speech recognition(P0.01).Conclusion The strategy of rehabilitation arrangement is available in this paper, which could include more scientific methods. The reasonable time limit of rehabilitation after operation is at least one year. The integrated pattern of rehabilitation for children with CI is important to ensure the effect of rehabilitation.


This paper addresses the computation of spheres, right-circular cylinders, and right-circular cones from a single view. Geometric information about these objects are known a priori, as this would be the case for model-based vision applications. The 3-D poses of these objects can be computed using elliptical projection from the sphere or elliptical projections from the circular surfaces of a cylinder or cone. For the cylinder and cone, their poses can also be computed form their linear extremal contours. This paper employs simple analytic geometric techniques that address uniqueness of the solutions as well as the geometric interpretations of the non-unique solutions. For the sphere, its pose can be uniquely determined by its elliptical projection. Using a planar circular surface from either the cone or the cylinder, two solutions to the position and orientation of the circle are possible. From the linear extremal contours of a cylinder, its pose can be computed uniquely if the junctions are visible in the image, otherwise the position has one degree of freedom along the cylinder axis. From the linear contours of a cone, its pose can also be solved uniquely unless the junctions are occluded. In that case there are two possible solutions for the orientation but the position has one degree of freedom along the line joining the projection center to the image apex position.