Now a day's signature is not considered as the best alternative of security hindrance. Some advance version is adding features with a face featuring commands to deal with security. But dynamically this digital proofing is tough for this reliability field. This becomes a platform to think about as confirmation of recognition is efficient in static mode only. So, this study will guide the proofing of the face recognition system and its situation where it is lacking namely incorrect approval and detection failures in a dynamic manner can be reduced. This paper is based on some unique set of technique namely deep recurrent learning, SMQT (Successive Mean Quantization Transform) and K-nearest neighbors (KNN). The technique selected here is wisely operating on the situation like noise, low light, vague and slight tilt in the image. The study will guide towards efficient facial data recognition under versatile effects on the image. These methods have opted as these are like neural networking, and simple machine learning steps are incapable to handle the objective in a fraction of seconds with high accuracy. Result of this study shows 98.72% effectiveness for a video database.


Inward foreign direct investment (FDI) in China has been accompanied by rapid economic growth. A growing literature has emerged in recent years examining the role of FDI on Chinese economic growth. However, measuring the e¤ects of FDI has been challenging, because other factors which in‡uence …rms'productivity occur in parallel with FDI, and because economic growth also simultaneously attracts FDI. To address these endogeneities, this paper analyzes the e¤ects of a change in the FDI regulations on the productivity growth of Chinese industries using Chinese industry-level panel data. In 2002, the Chinese government lifted its regulations on the entry of foreign a¢ liates, which has made it substantially easier for foreign …rms to engage in FDI in a¤ected industries. As a result of this regulation change, our di¤erence-in-di¤erences estimates show that these industries experienced signi…cantly larger increases in foreign …rms'total sales, exports, and domestic sales. We also …nd that this increase in FDI resulted in an increase in labor productivity and in total factor productivity (TFP) of the a¤ected industries and local industries, but we do not …nd that they experienced signi…cantly larger in‡ows of FDI or productivity growth before 2002, which provides evidence against endogeneity concerns. The results above are su¢ ciently robust to include changes in industrial tari¤ reduction as controls. These …ndings suggest that the growth of foreign sales and TFP in a¤ected industries is not well explained except by the e¤ects of regulation changes. Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment; Regulation Change; Industrial Growth; Technology Spillovers; Di¤erence-in-Di¤erences. JEL Classi…cation: F21, O33, O38, O43. — — — — — — — — — — I would like to gratefully thank Kensuke Teshima for his continuous suggestions and support in this project. I am indebted to Yoshihiko Nishiyama, Ryo Okui, and Hiromi Yamamoto for their guidance and suggestions. I also owe thanks to Kimio Morimune and Naoya Sueishi for their continuous guidance. I am grateful to Zhiwei Cen, Seiichi Fukui, Mototsugu Fukushige, Yung-Hsing Guo, Kohtaro Hitomi, Tomohiko Inui, Seiro Ito, Naoto Jinji, Hisaki Kono, Jia Li, Deqiang Liu, Go Yano, Tadashi Yukimoto, Hongyong Zhang, and the seminar participants at Kyoto University, the Institute of Developing Economies, the Osaka meeting of the Kansai Econometric Society, the 10th meeting of the Japanese Research Association on the Chinese Economy, the 22nd meeting of the Japan Society for International Development, and 2012 Japanese Economic Association Autumn Meeting for their useful comments. y Graduate School of Economics, Kyoto University. Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. Email: email@example.com, Tel: +81-75-753-3463, Fax: +81-75-753-7115.


Organizational context is important in the determination of attitudes and behaviors (Rousseau, 1978). This paper presents the results of a study conducted with employees of branch banks and main office banks regarding their job-related attitudes. It is hypothesized in this paper that employees in the branch banks will have lower levels of job satisfaction, organizational commitment, job involvement, and partial inclusion and higher levels of role conflict and role ambiguity. The findings are consistent with the findings of Podsakoff, Niehoff, MacKenzie and Williams (1993) who suggested that researchers would be well advised to consider organizational context in future research.


We present a logarithmic-scale efficient convolutional neural network architecture for edge devices, named WaveletNet. Our model is based on the well-known depthwise convolution, and on two new layers, which we introduce in this work: a wavelet convolution and a depthwise fast wavelet transform. By breaking the symmetry in channel dimensions and applying a fast algorithm, WaveletNet shrinks the complexity of convolutional blocks by an O(logD/D) factor, where D is the number of channels. Experiments on CIFAR-10 and ImageNet classification show superior and comparable performances of WaveletNet compared to state-of-the-art models such as MobileNetV2.


This Recently, however, such sites have served as places for information exchange between aged persons, and a place to enjoy and maintain physical and mental health through recreational activities, classroom lectures and study groups, etc. Often aged persons are unaware of the decline of their bodies, and daily lifestyle management is needed for a full awareness of the linkages between their physical decline and the possibility of accidents and injury. Services that enable "visualization" of activities-related information through the accumulation of daily "life-log" data have recently been attracting attention. Wearable devices are especially appropriate for aged persons, not only because they extract physical information, but also because they have automatic-input functions.


After a large spill of diesel ~80 m3 of diesel inside a power and desalination plant in Oman near Muscat; adjacent to the diesel fuel storage tanks and affecting an estimated volume of more than 2,000 m3 of soil in a complex underground plume, a novel and in situ protocol (Free-RAD Technology) for a complete remediation was applied to bring the Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) levels below the acceptable threshold (< 1% W/W). The process was able to treat the affected soil layers without affecting the existing equipment and pipe layout in the plant including all underground piping and electrical installation. The process is based on the release of selectively active free-radicals via a chemical reaction that facilitate the rapid oxidation of the hydrocarbons into CO2 and H2O. The project was successfully completed within 4 months and without affecting any of the routine operations inside the plant. An environmental Survey was conducted to do a geo-chemical evaluation of the site for areas and volumes impacted with any concentration above 1.0% TPH including the vadose zone, the tidal water table and the permanent water table. After volumetric / concentrations modeling, and based on the specific capillarity of the soil, a model to effectively dose chemicals at different levels and locations was established; injection ports were installed. Extraction points were drilled for the recovery of free diesel in the inter-phase (wet/dry) zone. Chemical dosage was determined by injection well, injection and monitoring was conducted in parallel. After four months from the spill, sampling in the heavily impacted area as well as the perimeter of the spill showed complete treatment at all levels from the ground. This allowed the plant to operate without any changes in the routine dynamics. No major digging and plant disruption or equipment removal was needed. The site was cleared by the Ministry of Environment and Climate Affairs of Oman, shortly after close out report was submitted and the site inspection was conducted. This process can be applied in sites where excavation is extremely disruptive or expensive. Computer 2 SPE-SPE-184423-MS-MS Fig. 1 modeling allows for an accurate representation of all the impacted areas as well as the dynamics of the plume in volumes and times. The method allows for direct in-situ treatment with minimum changes of the site topography and has little or no impact to surfaces and structures located below ground within the impacted area. Introduction The Middle East is one of the driest places on the planet. Average rainfall ranges between 20-40cm per year compared to 72cm globally and droughts are frequent in the region i . Recently, global share of Reverse Osmosis (RO) has increased owing to the development of better membranes and reductions in energy consumption ii . Due to the high energy consumption of the RO systems usually they are coupled in installations together with Power Generation Plants. This particular Power and Desalination Plant utilizes RO technology to deliver 120,000 cubic meters per day of potable water. Gas and steam turbines based on a combined cycle deliver 678 MW of electrical power to the Sultanate's electrical grid. The site is located in the South Batinah region, approximately 80km northwest of Muscat and lays 300m south of the shoreline. The plant also stores large volumes of diesel fuel, as an alternate fuel, in case of any natural gas supply disruption. This fuel is stored in large tanks inside the plant. On October 2013, an operator observed a leak from a flange located on fuel-oil recirculation valve. The root cause analysis found that the leak caused by a failed gasket that was used to secure one blind flange. The gasket material was not suitable for use with fuel oil, and upon failure resulted in the loss of more than 80,000 liters (80m 3 ) of diesel fuel. (Fig.1) Geological and chemical assessments were conducted to establish a volumetric and space distribution model that accurately described the geo-chemical plume in a three dimensional space. Based on the assessment and equipment layout of the impacted area it was determined that an in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) of the site was the most appropriate due to the fact that excavation and soil removal was practically impossible on all affected areas. Lab tests revealed that the geochemistry of the site would fall within the limits of the ISCO technology known as Free-RAD; porosity, stoichometrics and rate of reactions were determined as to provide the data for injection rates, location of the wells and a mechanism to monitor/control the process. During the course of 4 months the site was fully remediated to <1.00% in Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH). SPE-SPE-184423-MS-MS 3 Fig. 2 Statement of Theory and Definitions In situ Chemical Oxidation is a technique being used to remediate contaminated soil and ground water iii . The process is based in the use of chemical reactions that can release short lived highly active free radicals (ions) that in turn oxidize contaminants into non hazardous or less hazardous compounds. In the case of hydrocarbons, like diesel, a total oxidation will render only two by-products carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). Some of the reactions require a catalyst to maintain and enhance the process of radical production. Compounds like ozone (O3), sodium permanganate (NaMnO4), potassium permanganate (KMnO4), sodium persulfate (Na2S2O8) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) have been used to create the required radicals to promote and consume the oxidation process. Metallic salts are also employed as catalysts to speed up and maintain the rate of reaction. The most important free radicals required to complete the reactions are Hydroxyl radicals (-OH), Super oxide radicals (O2-), Hydronium radicals (H3O+) and Sulfate free radicals (SO4-). The best example is the Fenton's reaction as indicated in the figure below iv where is combined with the Haver-Weiss reaction (Fig 2): Transition metals including copper, nickel, cobalt and vanadium can be used but iron in the form of a salt is the most commonly used. In our case, a modified Fenton's reaction was combined with the application of a diluted "piranha solution" (Sulfuric acid H2SO4 + Hydrogen peroxide H2O2) to produce the required free radicals to complete the oxidation processes without any additional hazards. The use of both reactions can carry significant risks during the implementation phase due to the potential development of toxic gases and the uncontrolled reaction producing high volumes of steam and releasing high amounts of energy that can be the cause of explosions or bodily harm. Additional considerations will have to be analyzed prior to prescription of this technique in the field:  Geological and chemical analysis and plume development. 3D modeling and site assessment. Soil type and soil porosity / capillarity. Water table level.  Liquid/soil ratios, contaminant type, and reaction times. Profiling these variables requires carefully designed column studies (using multivariable, multilevel factorial design experiments) v .  Site constraints, especially geohydraulic considerations, will impact how the technology is applied. In-situ applications (treating the soil in place using sprayers, sprinklers or nozzle injectors) have the advantages of less exposure of workers, less impact of site constraints, and typically less cost 3 . The technology was implemented using a lattice of injection ports located strategically as the plume geometry was defined. Injection took place at different levels at each injection point and intersection of the injected materials between adjacent injection wells was critical in order to avoid "hot spots" (untreated soil volumes). Chemical addition was done from top to bottom and the use of monitoring wells was necessary to keep the reaction rates under control. 4 SPE-SPE-184423-MS-MS Fig. 3 Fig. 4 The use of a GC-MS, retort analysis and gravimetric techniques for laboratory quality control helped in the field application after the initial dosing to enhance treatment in heavily contaminated areas and to stop treatment in areas where the quality of concentration was already met. Excavated soil that was extracted to do the extraction wells during the emergency was treated on surface using the same chemistry applied in batches inside a concrete mixer. The treated batches were piled up until lab confirmation of treatment was given and at the end of the project the material was used to fill back the extraction wells. Description and Application of Equipment and Processes Right after the incident, contingency measures were applied to stop the leak and to remove the maximum volume of diesel form the ground as soon as possible. For this purpose, nine boreholes were immediately dogged after the incident; these boreholes were approximately 1.5 m in width by 1.5 m in length and 3.2 m in depth (Fig.3). They reached approximately 0.2 m below the level of the permanent water table. The boreholes were used to pump daily accumulated diesel fuel floating on top of the water table and allow verifying the site stratigaphy and laboratory determination of soil porosity / permeability. The diesel / water mix recovered from the boreholes was pumped into a gravity separator and then the water recovered was sent to the waste water treatment plant. The recovered fuel was sampled and stored for further disposal; during the project, 21.8 m3 of free fuel was recovered using this method. (Fig. 4) The leaked fuel oil flooded the immediate leak area and completely saturating the soil layers, this area was designated as the Highly Impacted Area (HIA), and the diesel fuel came to a rest on the water table – at a depth of approximately 3 meters. A second impacted zone known as the Perimetral Affected Lower Area (PALA) was established. The PALA was the region that had been affected within 40,000 ppm to 10,000 ppm on the TPH. There was no visual de


Capacity building is a professional form of community development which should involve communities in decision making to understand their needs. Capacity building initiatives should use locally designed and targeted training and content, intended to make a real difference in local contexts. The author relates her experiences as Capacity Building Coordinator in remote Papua New Guinea (PNG).


Objective: To analyze the data of the trial cases of medical damage liability disputes in obstetrics and gynecology from 2017 to 2021, with a clear understanding of Chinese medical damage liability disputes. Methods: The data of medical damage liability dispute cases in obstetrics and gynecology during 2017-2021 were collected and analyzed. The analysis directions included (1) The trial types of civil litigation cases in each year; (2) Annual distribution of civil litigation cases in obstetrics and gynecology in an annual year basis; (3) Distribution of the amount of the subject matter and the amount of civil compensation; (4) The geographical distribution of litigation cases; (5) Characteristics of the medical institution as defendant; (6) Distribution of litigation departments in medical institutions; (7) Common causes of action in obstetrics and gynecology cases; (8) Results of common injuries in obstetrics and gynecology cases; (9) Court confirmation of disputes over medical records. Results: According to the data analysis results, the distribution of litigation trial types, annual distribution, compensation amount distribution, regional distribution and other basic data were obtained, and based on the analysis of the characteristics of medical institutions, department distribution, causes of litigation, damage structure and court recognition results were systematically discussed. Conclusion: Although the liability disputes for medical damage in obstetrics and gynecology have been declining in recent years, the problems in medical treatment and management can not be ignored. Attention should be paid to them and medical problems should be avoided.


The author explains in this article the term «comprensorio turistico» as a tourist recreation complex with a developed infrastructure and researches the possible application of such complex in Italian Sicilia and cration of analogical destination in Russian Sochi


This paper observes the phenomenology of the informal international structures. It seeks to ascertain some key typological features based on such criteria as geography, power, problem, theme or issue, or a combination thereof. It further seeks to obtain a more consolidated vision of fundamental characteristics of informal institutional structures. Such characteristics will be obtained by looking at the attributes that shape formal international structures. Operationally, they will be defined in terms of the indispensable elements of legitimacy and effectiveness. The ultimate aim is to provide a coherent framework of constructing and classifying informal international organizations.


The offered to the reader article analyzes the first chapters of monumental commentary by Ṣadaqah b. Munajjā al-Ḥakīm on Genesis (XIII c.). On the base of the conducted analysis of the Middle Age Arab-speaking theologian, philosopher and doctor, the author comes to the conclusion that Samaritan thought depends on the most important achievements of Muslim one — especially, on Mu'talizi and peripatetic natural- philosophical and metaphysical theories that don't become less of an issue until the decline of classical era of Arab culture. For the first time in the history of orientalism it is shown that the basic principles of anthropological theories by al- Hakim retroduce the conceptions by Mu'tazili Mu'ammar ibn 'Abbād alSulamī, faylasuf al- Kindī and 'the Main Sheikh', Ibn Sīnā. Separately is observed the connection between the 'Hexameron' by Ṣadaqah and works by other Samaritan theologians: the author notices that some particular anthropological notes by the theologian made a basis for an unpublished commentary by Muslim ibn Murjān and Ibrāhīm al-'Ayyah (XVIII c.) on 'Grizim's' Pentateuch. The conclusion of the work is dedicated to the general eclectic character of early and late exegetic tradition of Samaritan who accepted Muslim study of God and human as the most important for them.


This paper presents a method to estimate the amount of energy that can be shifted during demand response (DR) activation on domestic refrigerator. Though there are many methods for DR activation like load reduction, load shifting and onsite generation, the method under study is load shifting. Electric heating and cooling equipment like refrigerators, water heaters and space heaters and coolers are preferred for such DR activation because of their energy storing capacity. Accurate estimation of available regulating power and energy shift is important to understand the value of DR activation at any time. In this paper a novel method to estimate the available energy shift from domestic refrigerators with only two measurements, namely fridge cool chamber temperature and compressor power consumption is proposed, discussed and evaluated.


This article is considering origins of Stoic representation of Cosmos as The Universe State and there is briefly tracing its totemistic preconditions, which were proceeding from the primitive mythopoetic thinking's specifics. Furthermore, there is proving a thesis about that the metaphor of Cosmos-Polis has emerged from searchings of an adequate philosophical language by early Greek thinkers, and that sociomorphical code was one of the most important metaphorical models of Cosmos in ancient philosophical poetics, not only for Stoics. A great number of political doctrines by Plato and faraway in the postplatonic tradition, including Stoa, were arising on the fundament of the this code. There is considering character of some Stoic ethical contradictions and is offering an attempt of resolving them through allocation of horizontically-civil and vertically-divine links in the Stoic teaching, which were containing peculiar dual system of communication of stoic sage with Cosmos.


The Internet of Things (IoT) connects electric devices to a network in order to realize virtual control. Demand-side loads can provide ancillary services that optimize energy structures and promote supply–demand balance. For load management, this article proposes Internet of Electric Loads (IoEL) as a service-centric network, and the edge subcloud is introduced in the distributed computing system. The intelligent thermostatically controlled loads constitute the physical perceptual layer of the IoEL. Each subcloud controls a type of loads under the same regional distribution grid to form a stable and controllable aggregation system. The subclouds interact with the load cloud to form a platform layer. Through the interaction between the platform and physical perceptual layers, loads are controlled to realize the load transfer and provide ancillary services for the application layer. IoEL utilizes computing resources from different layers to form a distributed computing system made up of cloud, edge, and end devices. The load management is divided into four steps, namely, load aggregation in the edge–end interface, evaluation of load capacity in the edge, task allocation in the cloud–edge interface, and load control in the edge–end interface. The loads upload the physical properties to the subclouds and are then aggregated according to similarities of properties. The subclouds then evaluate schedulable capacity and upload these evaluations to the cloud, which then allocates tasks to each subcloud accordingly. The edge is responsible for receiving tasks from the cloud and controlling loads. The effectiveness of the method was verified by providing clean energy output tracking.


Modified erythropoietin (EPO) polypeptides and other modified therapeutic polypeptides are provided. EPO polypeptides and other modified therapeutic polypeptides exhibit different physical properties and activities than the corresponding unmodified EPO polypeptides and other unmodified therapeutic polypeptides, respectively. Also provided are nucleic acid molecules encoding these polypeptides. In addition, therapeutic and diagnostic methods are provided using said polypeptides.


This session will address 1. Why the treatment of chronic testicular pain has remained such a frustrating quagmire for patients and the medical community 2. The anatomy of the abdominal wall and gonadal structures, and how they are intimately related through embryologic migration, fascial attachments and local innervation 3. Differential diagnosis of chronic testicular pain and treatment planning for these patients


This paper introduces a new method based on WSNs for medical monitoring .This method could detect blood oxygen saturation signals.Furthermore, it could transfer the data to a base-station, which could process the data more.And then the doctor could make a health evaluation with the data for people.


This study aims to examine the urgency of assessing bank soundness and tax avoidance on the financial performance of Islamic banks in Indonesia. This study uses Commercial Islamic Banks registered with the Financial Services Authority (OJK) which releases financial statements for the 2015-2020 period with a total of 72 data. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The sampling technique used in this research is purposive sampling. The results of this study prove that the financing to deposit ratio (FDR) and operating costs of operating income (BOPO) have a negative effect on the financial performance of Islamic banks, while tax avoidance has a positive influence on the financial performance of Islamic banks. The hope is that Islamic banks can earn high profits if they succeed in carrying out efficiency in various fields. In addition, Islamic banks are also considered to be able to manage the costs they incur properly because they can generate high profitability. This study provides empirical data related to the analysis of the effect of bank health and tax avoidance by using multiple linear regression analysis approach. In addition, the research data used are general Islamic banks, the latest data is during 2015-2020. The research sample used is general Islamic bank data that has been registered with the Financial Services Authority (OJK).
Keywords:  Financial Performance, Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Operating Costs of Operating Income (BOPO), and Tax Avoidance


In this work the dispersion characteristics of random spans in a installed private fiber-optic network are discussed, and some field testing measurements techniques are evaluated.


In order to investigate the ethanol fermentation properties of alcohol yeasts a laboratorial strain (CEN.PK2-1D) and two industrial alcohol yeasts (JHS100 and JHS200) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were cultured in a pure YP medium with 300 g/L glucose and cassava hydrolysate. Spot assay and cell viability tests showed that both the JHS100 and JHS200 strains exhibited higher ethanol tolerance than the CEN.PK2-1D strain. The JHS100 strain demonstrated the highest cell growth, glucose consumption and ethanol production. In particular, an anaerobic batch fermentation of the JHS100 strain using cassava hydrolysate with 250 g/L glucose resulted in a 106.1 g/L ethanol concentration, 0.42 g/g ethanol yield and 3.15 g/L-hr ethanol productivity, which were 53%, 13%, 53% higher than the corresponding values for the CEN.PK2-1D strain. By changing the pure YP medium to cassava hydrolysate, 19% and 17% decreases in ethanol yield and productivity for the CEN.PK2-1D strain were observed, whereas the cultures of the JHS100 and JHS200 stains showed similar ethanol productivities and only an 8% decrease in ethanol yield. Furthermore, the JHS100 and JHS200 stains produced lower levels of glycerol and acetate byproducts than the CEN.PK2-1D strain. Consequently, the outstanding ethanol fermentation performance of the industrial strains might be owing to rapid cell growth, high ethanol tolerance, low nitrogen requirements and the low formation of by-products.


This research paper on the theme, Dark Tourism A Special Case of Hall of Fame in Leh (Ladakh) attempts to conduct a focused amount of research to answer the questions about how Hall of Fame can be taken as an opportunity to give an edge to the tourism sector in Ladakh. The paper looks at some historical background information relating to the concepts of dark tourism. Since Hall of Fame is only destination located in Leh (Ladakh) which can be used for dark tourism, the main purpose of the paper is to study the existing scenario of Hall of Fame and to come up with strategies to enhance overall development in the area under study. The method is descriptive in nature and research procedure is unstructured and flexible in nature. The study accomplishes the SWOT analysis on Hall of Fame in Leh. The selection of the destination has been made on the assertion that the dark tourism is one of the developing forms of tourism and Hall of Fame can act as a potential destination of dark tourism with respect to Ladakh in general and Ladakh in particular. Data collection for the study is both primary and secondary. To have a clear understanding of the conceptual framework of the theme, the information required for the study was collected by direct observation which constitutes the primary source of data collection. Hall of Fame needs a major makeover and government needs to pay attention to the war memorial museum development in the area.


Abstract We report observations of the vertical structure of horizontal currents on the equator at 110°W in the eastern Pacific Ocean. Profiles indicate high, vertical-mode, deep currents with zonal velocities of up to 20 cm s−1 at a depth of 1500 m. The general similarity between our measurements and those reported in other equatorial regions suggest that such vertical structure is a ubiquitous equatorial phenomenon.


Through studying sustainable park construction and renovation cases in China and abroad,references were given to the sustainable planning and design of urban parks,organic regeneration and ecological urban park design theories,application of sustainable development theory in urban park planning and design were combined to propose sustainable park planning and design of China. It is to offer useful references for the future urban park construction,and promote sustainable development of urban parks.


Developing flexible pressure sensors is of high interest in soft skin and tactile sensing applications. Here we demonstrate a simple approach to fabricating a sensitive resistive pressure sensor using carbon nanotube (CNT) micro-yarns as a pressure sensing element which is constructed on a stretchable acrylic elastomer. The sensor showed a high sensitivity of −0.86 Ω/kPa and a fast response time of 100 ms. Different to the longitudinal piezoresistive effect of micro-yarns, the high pressure sensitivity of the sensor was achieved owing to the compressibility of the micro-yarn in the direction perpendicular to the yarn axis. The sensor was also able to monitor finger pressure in real-time, demonstrating its potential for tactile sensing applications.


This handbook explains the usefulness and relevance of economics in the function of clinical practice guidelines. It provides information on how to assess the cost-effectiveness and the proposed guidelines, and then discusses whether the chosen alternative is economically feasible.


A photonic waveguide asymmetric phase-tunable Mach-Zehnder interferometer (APT-MZI) integrated by the external adjustor is presented, in which the phase can be adjusted by changing the optical path of the adjustor. Using coupled mode theory and transfer matrix method, the characteristics of the APT-MZI chip with the linear adjustor are analyzed, and their optimization designs are also given. As an example, the APT-MZI chip is fabricated using silica-on-silicon technology. The experimental results show the chip with the insertion loss of less than 5.6 dB and the extinction ratio in output spectrum of 20 dB under the free spectral range of 0.05 and 0.02 nm. The polarization-dependent wavelength shift is 0.16 nm for 100-GHz channel spacing. The proposed APT-MZI chip can provide a cost-effective and easy-to-fabricate process for optical filter having precision phase adjustment.


For all n there is a DFA for {a : i 6= n} of size n + 2; however there is no smaller DFA. What about NFA's? We show that there is an NFA for {a : i 6= n} of size √ n + Õ(1). We also find small NFA's for many other cofinite unary sets. How small can we go? We show that any NFA for {a : i 6= n} must have at least √ n states.


The study tackled Illegal immigration as a phenomenon of culture and thought that affects humanity during crises and troubles in which peace and security are missed. Immigration today has becom e an aspiration for many individuals in response to psychological, geomorphic, and geo - political factors irrespective of its religious, cultural, societal and economic implications. Consequently, immigration was found to have two paradigms: positive reconc iliatory and a negative virtual type; in both types, the effect of immigration comes as a result of loss of security and stability. The researcher used the descriptive, historical and analytical methods to know the positive and negative effects of immigrat ion.


Aim at UV absorption spectra of water containing certain concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus,the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in water sample were treated by a regression model according to support vector machine(SVM) and partial least-squares regression method(PLS),and established model can well detect the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in water sample.The simulation results showed that the relative errors of nitrogen and phosphorus detection were less than 10%through this established model,and the model can fully meet the requirements of precision.


The objective of this study was to compare the costs of mechanical harvesting and grape manual in commercial property of "Santana do Livramento", "Rio Grande do Sul" (RS) – Brazil. The study was conducted commercial vineyard, over four years (2013–2016), throughout this period we evaluated 154.9 ha on the mechanical harvesting of grapes and; 366.7 ha on the grapes of manual harvesting; for both types of collection were recorded all costs thereof, including annual fixed fees (depreciation + maintenance), obtaining at the end the amount of crop expressed in real per hectare; also calculated the minimum required area vineyard justify mechanical harvesting. The cost of manual harvesting was 133.3% higher than the value obtained for the mechanical harvesting the studied time interval. Obtained the area of 41.92 ha, as the point of balance between the costs of manual and mechanical harvesting (equivalent costs), above this area (41.92 ha), grape mechanical harvest is economically justified. All conditions tested, it was concluded that preliminary cost per hectare of grape mechanical harvesting is lower than the cost per hectare of manual harvesting and vineyard areas plausible mechanical harvesting exceeding 41.92 ha, justify the use of the collection system grape mechanics.


In recent years, numerous studies on electro-active polymer (EAP) actuators have been reported. One promising technology is the elaboration of electronic conducting polymer-based actuators with interpenetrating polymer network (IPNs) architecture. In this study, the synthesis and characterisation of conducting IPNs for actuator applications is described. The IPNs are synthesised from polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polytetrahydrofurane (PTHF) networks in which the conducting polymer (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)) is incorporated. In a first step, PEO/PTHF IPNs were prepared via an 'in situ' process using poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate and dimethacrylate and hydroxytelechelic PTHF as starting materials. The IPN mechanical properties were examined by DMA and tensile strength tests. N-ethylmethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (EMITFSI) swollen PEO/PTHF IPNs show ionic conductivities up to 10−3 S cm−1 at 30 °C. In a second step, the conducting IPN actuators were prepared by oxidative polymerisation of 3,4-ethylenedioxithiophene (EDOT) using FeCl3 as an oxidising agent within the PEO/PTHF IPN host matrix. The frequency response performance of the bending conducting IPN actuator was then evaluated. The resulting actuator exhibits a mechanical resonance frequency of up to 125 Hz with 0.75% strain for an applied potential of ± 5 V.


Absact. The Hilbert modular function field over Q(V2) has generators satisfying modular equations when the arguments are multiplied by factors of norm two. These equations are found by machine use of Fourier series and are further used to show computationally that Weber's ring class field theory for rationals has an illustration of Hecke's type for Q(V2). This has bearing on Hilbert's twelfth problem, the generation of algebraic fields by transcendental functions.


A channel transfer method and an apparatus for performing the same are provided to obtain images in a transferred channel by allowing a user to rapidly change channels. An apparatus for performing a channel transfer includes a packet receiving module(210), a frame extraction module(250), frame storage module(260), a channel conversion control module(240), a program information extraction module(220), a user input module(230) a decoding module(270) and a display module(280). The packet receiving module receives a broadcasting signal having a plurality of packets. The frame extraction module extracts a frame in a channel corresponding to contact of a channel transfer means using identification information of the packets. The frame storage module stores the extracted frame. The extracted frame is a frame for an upper channel or a lower channel of a current viewing channel by a user. The frame for an upper channel or a lower channel is an I-frame or a P-frame. The extracted frame is decoded and stored in the frame storage module. The channel conversion control module controls the program information extraction module, the decoding module and the frame extraction module to perform a rapid channel switching operation, and the decoding module decodes the frames stored at the frame storage module.


Sexual dysfunction is a common problem among patients with chronic pain. Yet, many of these patients suffer in silence, healthcare providers rarely ask about patients' sexual concerns, and guidance literature on the subject is relatively scarce. Ironically, in many of these cases the long-acting opioid medications prescribed to relieve patients' pains may be causing or contributing to their sexual problems. Since the 1990s, prescriptions written for opioid medications have significantly and steadily increased [Olsen et al. 2006]. Along with that, there have been increasing concerns about adverse consequences of opioid treatment, and opioid-induced endocrine deficiency leading to sexual dysfunction is one the most common yet most frequently undiagnosed problems with opioids. Considerable evidence through the years has suggested that longacting opioids used on a daily basis for more than a month can have a number of adverse effects on human endocrine function. The most common and clinically significant effects are androgen deficiencies and menstrual cycle abnormalities [Abs et al. 2000; Adams et al. 1993; Allolio et al.


Summary:  Purpose: GABAA receptors from the brain of patients afflicted with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) become less efficient (run‐down) when repetitively activated by GABA. Experiments were designed to investigate whether the antiepileptic drug, levetiracetam (LEV), which is used as an adjunctive treatment for medically intractable MTLE, counteracts the GABAA receptor run‐down.


especially in this day and age, isn't just the inquiry part, it's the community part. My thesis is this: In today's American educational climate, with its laser-sharp focus on "accountability" and "raising the bar," the community aspect of "community of inquiry" is more important than ever. It is so important because it purposefully cultivates what many of today's schools are unwisely leaving too far on the fringe: the loving, caring, fun-filled human relationships which are at the core of human flourishing. In order to support this thesis I will endeavor to establish four points. First, I will argue that loving human relationships are at the heart of a well-lived life. Second, I will contend that schools properly ought to concern themselves with the cultivation of such relationships. Third, I will propose the controversial claim that schools aren't doing a good enough job of addressing this concern. And finally, I will assert that P4C's "community of inquiry"approach is an effective means for cultivating such relationships.


Objective:To observe the therapeutic effect for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis(KOA) using injection of low concentration ozone.Method:From January to November 2008,62 patients with knee osteoarthritis were treated by injection with ozone(concentration 35μg/mL).21 males and 41 females with average age of 65.5 years were included.All the patients presented the symptoms of pain and activity limitation of knee joint and the diagnosis was verified by radiological examination.Ozone at 35μg/mL and 21G puncture needles were prepared.The injection was conducted through the puncture of articular cavity.For each joint,10mL ozone was injected and no other medication was used.Results:The patients were followed at 1,3 and 6 months after treatment.The VAS and HSS score system were used and the recovery rate was 72%.No serious complications occurred.Conclusions:The injection of low concentration ozone into articular cavity was a safe and effective method for knee osteoarthritis.


This report briefly surveys decisions of retiring Justice Sandra Day O'Connor in affirmative action cases, an area where her opinions have frequently determined the outcome. An examination of Justice O'Connor's opinions reveals a gradual shift in perspective regarding the legal and constitutional standards to be applied in evaluating governmental affirmative action efforts, and the manner of their application in various legal and factual settings.


A computing system needs the ability to compute information presented to or stored in the system so that human understand it. Accordingly the system and human user must be able to communicate effectively. For the purpose, linguistic expression should be utilized for this user interface design and internal computation of a system. In this paper, we describe the nature of objects associated with crisp and linguistic information following a few basic definitions to describe the concept of the objects. Then, how fuzzy sets are interpreted and the computation of a interacting multiple-object system are given based on the dual views of objects and the fusion and diffusion mechanisms.


Pseudocapacitive electrode materials that involve a Faradaic process are being used in capacitive deionization (CDI). In the present work, manganese dioxide was electrodeposited onto a carbon nanotube-chitosan composite to create a pseudocapacitive electrode (denoted MnO2/CNT–CS) for an enhanced desalination performance. The benefits of coupling MnO2 with the CNT–CS matrix are attributed to the mesoporosity to facilitate ion transport, hydrophilicity to increase the electrochemical contact, and good electrical conductivity to improve the Faradaic charge-transfer of MnO2. The electrochemical properties were investigated by electrochemical impedance, galvanostatic charge–discharge and cyclic voltammetry studies. Considering its low specific surface area (89.8 m2 g–1), the MnO2/CNT–CS composite electrode exhibited pseudocapacitive-like behaviors with a high specific capacitance (42.3 F g–1 at 5 mV s–1) and good rate capability. Furthermore, when the MnO2/CNT–CS electrode served as a cathode in batch-mode CDI...


Abstract Primary refined softwood was subjected to high-consistency (HC) or low-consistency (LC) secondary refining, and the nature of the development of the internal and external fiber microstructure and ultrastructure has been compared. The primary refining of mixed softwood as a raw material was performed in pilot scale by the advanced thermomechanical pulp process. The study was aiming at the comparative characterization of LC and HC pulps at the fiber level when produced with similar and well-characterized handsheet properties. The formerly described Simons' staining method was applied. A significant degree of fiber wall delamination/internal fibrillation (D/IF) was observed during both LC and HC refining. Both the energy input and the refining consistency had a significant impact on elevating the degree of fiber wall D/IF. The statistical evaluation of internal fiber development indicated that the fiber populations in LC- and HC-refined pulps had a similar degree of fiber wall D/IF despite having a large difference in refining energy input (420 kW h odt-1), confirming that D/IF was promoted more energy-efficiently in LC than in HC refining. The characteristic of the external fiber development from HC and LC refining was very different. Secondary LC refining promoted fiber surfaces with ribbons of thin hairlike threads arising from the inner secondary S2 layer that occasionally developed along the whole fiber length. Broad sheet- and lamellae-type external fibrillation from the S2 was typical for HC refining, and these characteristics were rarely observed in the LC pulps. The mechanisms for LC and HC fiber development are proposed. The cell wall characteristics (internal and external) of the pulp fibers appear to govern most of the physical and optical properties in handsheets.


Objective: To observe the efficacy of Xiao Dan Pian treatment on insulin resistance and B-cell function in the patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). Methods: 96 Confirmed IGT patients were randomly divided into three groups ,36 of them were treated with Xiao Dan Pian(observing group);30 were treated with meformin (control group);30 were Given placebo (vitamimB1) ,4 week were given served as a course for every group.All patients were intervened in life style(Exercise interference and diet interference). The levels of fasting serum insulin(FIns) and postprandial 2h serum insulin(2hINS) were compared before and after treatment .insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR), insulin secretion index(HOMA-IS)and insulin sensitivity index(ISI) were measured and compared between per- treatment and post- treatment.Results: The indexes(Fins, 2hINS,HOMA-IR)of observing group and control group were obviously decreased after treatment(P0.05). but unchanged in placebo group.Conclusion :Xiao Dan Pian can lower the lever of insulin,lessen the insulin resistance, improve insulin resistance and have efficacy in treatment IGT.


Solutions for the Nonlinear Schrodinger equation for collapsing Bose gas with attraction. This is a copy of the paper published in 1992 in Proceedings of NATO Advanced Research workshop on Singularities in Fluids, Plasmas and Optics (Heraklion, Greece) edited by R.E. Caflisch and G.C. Papanicolaou (Kluwer Academic).


The timing and rate of surface elevations of the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau remain controversial and their impact on Asian climate and the onset of monsoon systems in this area is highly debated. Stable oxygen paleoaltimetry is considered to be a very efficient and widely applied technique, but has limitations from two sides: 1) the link between stable oxygen composition of precipitation and climate is not well established, 2) Cenozoic climate over Asia is poorly reconstructed. With a purpose of filling the gap in our knowledge of climate variability over Asia during the Cenozoic, we use the isotope-enabled atmospheric general circulation model LMDZ-iso to understand the links between the growth of mountains, associated climate changes and δ18O in paleo-precipitation. Our results show a significant influence of the Paratethys retreat, the latitudinal displacement of India and the height of the Tibetan Plateau on Asian hydrological cycle. For the purpose of understanding where and how the climatic changes linked with the growth of mountains affect δ18O in precipitation, we develop a theoretical expression for the precipitation composition based on the Rayleigh distillation and show that only 40% of sampled sites for paleoaltimetry depict signal attributed to topography changes. We conclude that the Himalayas may have attained their current elevation later than expected. Realistic Cenozoic boundary conditions allow us reconstructing δ18O in paleoprecipitation for several periods during the Cenozoic (for 55 Ma, 42 Ma, 30 Ma and 15 Ma). The focus has been put on the Eocene (42 Ma), since paleoelevation reconstructions are particularly controversial for this time. We show that Eocene precipitation δ18O is rather insensitive to topographic height in Asia. However, carbonate δ18O still records paleo-elevation because the fractionation between calcite and water is sensitive to temperature, which partly depends on altitude. Comparison of simulated Eocene δ18O patterns with data from the carbonate archives suggest that the Himalayas and the Tibetan Plateau did not reach present-day (> 3000 m) elevations during the Eocene.


This work addresses the impulsive control problem of memristive systems with variable delays, which consist of memristor-based piecewise linear systems. Under some mild assumptions, we firstly construct the model of memristive piecewise systems and then employ an impulse-based control approach to stabilize memristive piecewise systems. As a difference to related efforts for memristive systems with impulsive control, we explore conditions under which the impulsive strategy can be readily constructed. An example related to the memristive Chua's system is presented to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed results using variable impulsive intervals.


The paper presents an integrated approach that couples the finite element model of the material flow with the deformation and temperature distribution in the die. Thus, the elastic deformation of the die influences the material flow, while the die distortion itself is dependent on the pressure applied by the material. Such a coupled solution requires several iterations combined with automated remeshing of the flow domain. It allows getting the most accurate results in material flow and predicting actual profile shape as well as temperature in the billet, die and profile. In case of taper heating of the billet, the initial temperature gradient is also taken into account. The solution shows possible distortion of the profile shape and variation of its thickness that may be significantly different than the initial design. Using virtual trials of different variants of die design it is possible to achieve balanced material flow within specified product tolerances.


In recent years the economic evaluation is an integral part of research into
health services and no doubt becoming more influential. The core activities
of public health are evaluating the costs and cost-effectiveness of prevention
programs. A comparison of various preventive and curative strategies, as well
as decisions concerning the allocation of limited health resources depend on
getting accurate and relevant cost and effective data. For better understanding
of effective methods of prevention, for effective implementation of programs
and interventions as well as effective use of limited resources we will respond
how to achieve quality economic evaluation.


Let G R be a real form of a complex semisimple Lie group G. Recall that Rossmann defined a Weyl group action on Lagrangian cycles supported on the conormal bundle of the flag variety of G. We compute the signed average of the Weyl group action on the characteristic cycle of the standard sheaf associated to an open G R -orbit on the flag variety. This result is applied to find the value of the constant term in Harish-Chandra's limit formula for the delta function at zero.


Activation of human prothrombin (Pro) occurs following two cleavages by membrane-bound factor Xa (fXa) (Arg 271 followed by Arg 320 , generating prethrombin 2 as intermediate). Binding of factor Va (fVa) to fXa on a membrane surface in the presence of divalent metal ions results in the formation of prothrombinase (IIase). It has been established that IIase is a 1:1 stochiometric complex between fVa and fXa on a lipid surface. This complex catalyzes the activation of Pro following the opposite pathway (cleavage at Arg 320 followed by Arg 271 , generating meizothrombin as intermediate). Thus, the activity of factor Xa within IIase is controlled by fVa. Most of the data published in the literature on IIase function was obtained using limiting amounts of fXa in the presence of saturating concentrations of fVa. It is always assumed that IIase acts as one enzyme and that fXa needs to be saturated with fVa. However, if IIase is one enzyme, theoretically reversing the concentrations of reactants will have no effect on the pathway and catalytic efficiency of the enzyme for cleavage of Pro. We have assessed the pathway to thrombin formation in the presence of high or low concentrations of fVa (with respect to fXa). In the absence of fVa, fXa (10nM) activates Pro slowly through initial cleavage at Arg 271 . Very little thrombin is formed under these conditions. In the presence of 10nM fXa and 100pM fVa there is a significant increase in the concentration of thrombin as demonstrated by the increase in the appearance of the B chain of thrombin. Under these experimental conditions Pro is activated through the pathway characterized by the appearance of prethrombin 2 as intermediate. No fragment 1·2-A was apparent. In the presence of 100pM fXa with 10nM fVa, Pro is activated exclusively through the pathway characterized by the appearance of meizothrombin as demonstrated by the presence of fragment 1·2-A and the absence of prethrombin 2. Kinetics assessments of thrombin generation using both conditions revealed that the k cat for thrombin generation by IIase assembled in the presence of low concentrations of fVa is ∼240 min −1 while the the k cat of IIase assembled with saturating concentrations of fVa is ∼2100 min −1 . These data were verified by studying the activation of recombinant Pro that can only be cleaved at Arg 320 (rMZ). In the presence of limiting concentrations of fVa, rMZ was cleaved with a rate that is approximately 7-10-fold slower than the rate of rMZ cleavage in the presence of saturating concentrations of fVa. Overall our data support the following hypothesis: in the presence of low concentrations of fVa that are generated during initiation of clotting, IIase activates Pro through initial cleavage at Arg 271 (E 271 ). As clotting occurs and more fVa is generated, a new form of IIase is formed following the binding of fXa to fVa and the interaction of the complex with Pro (E 320 ). Under these conditions, while both forms of IIase exist, E 320 that has higher catalytic efficiency activates Pro via initial cleavage at Arg 320 . Our data are in agreement with recent findings that have suggested that IIase activation of Pro may be best described as an ordered ping-pong reaction and imply that the concentration of fVa generated during clotting, dictates which form of IIase will first cleave Pro. In conclusion, our findings suggest that fVa shuttling between E 271 and E 320 directs Pro activation by factor Xa locally at the place of vascular injury.


Background and Aims

Global warming is shifting vine phenology, compressing harvests and altering the balance of fruit traits relevant to wine. Our aim was to test late pruning as a tool to delay maturity and to assess carry-over effects from repeated late pruning on phenology, yield components, dynamics of leaf area and berry traits of Shiraz grown in the Barossa Valley of Australia.
Methods and Results

A trial was established in a commercial vineyard comparing three pruning times during four consecutive seasons: (i) winter (Control), (ii) budburst and (iii) 2–3 leaves emerged. Compared with the Control, TSS in berries of vines pruned at 2–3 leaves reached 12°Be 7 days later in the first three seasons, and 14 days later in the last season; the budburst treatment was intermediate between that of winter and of 2–3 leaves. Yield was unchanged by late pruning in three seasons and increased in one. Leaf area index at harvest in 2–3 leaves was greater or similar than in the Control. Late pruning shifted the onset of anthocyanin accumulation against TSS, increasing the anthocyanin concentration and the anthocyanin-to-sugar ratio in two seasons.
Conclusion

Late pruning delayed maturity with neutral or positive effects for yield and berry traits. Carry-over effects on phenology, yield, leaf area and berry traits were negligible.
Significance of the Study

In a context of global warming, delaying pruning to 2–3 leaves can effectively spread the harvest and partially restore the anthocyanin : sugar ratio with no penalty for yield in Barossa Valley Shiraz.


A P2Y receptor with 65% identity to mammalian P2Y6 receptors, termed the p2y3 receptor, was recently cloned from a chick brain cDNA library and was proposed to represent a novel P2Y receptor subtype [Mol Pharmacol 50:258–265 (1996)]. We cloned the turkey homologue of the chick p2y3 receptor, which shares high sequence identity (97.6%) with the chick receptor, and we stably expressed this receptor and the rat P2Y6 receptor in 1321N1 human astrocytoma cells. The capacities of uridine and adenine nucleotides to promote inositol phosphate accumulation and intracellular Ca mobilization were determined for both receptors. UDP and 5-bromo-UDP were the most potent agonists and UTP was a less potent full agonist at both receptors. In contrast, adenine nucleotides and nucleotide derivatives were relatively more potent at the turkey p2y3 receptor than at the rat P2Y6 receptor. To determine whether the avian p2y3 receptor defined a new subtype of mammalian P2Y receptor or was a species homologue of the mammalian P2Y6 receptor, we screened two different human genomic libraries and a Southern blot with a p2y3 receptor probe, under lowstringency conditions that allowed the clear identification of the human P2Y6 receptor gene. Our data indicated that the human genome does not contain a receptor that is more homologous to the avian p2y3 receptor than the P2Y6 receptor. Taken together, these data further define the pharmacological selectivities of these UDP-selective receptors and strongly suggest that the avian p2y3 receptor is a species homologue of the mammalian P2Y6 receptor. P2Y receptors are G protein-coupled receptors that mediate a wide variety of physiological effects in response to extracellular adenine and uridine nucleotides (Harden et al., 1995; Filtz et al., 1997). Although the existence of multiple subtypes of P2Y receptors was evident from early pharmacological studies, the application of molecular cloning and expression of P2Y receptors has provided a better understanding of this family of nucleotide receptors. Eleven different G protein-coupled receptors (termed P2Y1 through P2Y11) have been claimed to be members of the P2Y receptor family, but only five of these receptors (P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6, and P2Y11) have been cloned from mammalian species and shown unambiguously to mediate nucleotide-promoted second messenger responses. The P2Y1 receptor is activated specifically by adenine nucleotides, with ADP being more potent than ATP (Henderson et al., 1995; Schachter et al., 1996), although recent studies have suggested that ATP and ATP derivatives are antagonists at the P2Y1 receptor (Leon et al., 1997; Hechler et al., 1998). The P2Y2 receptor is activated equipotently by ATP and UTP (Parr et al., 1994), the P2Y4 receptor is activated only by UTP (Nguyen et al., 1995; Communi et al., 1996; Lazarowski et al., 1997), the P2Y6 receptor is activated selectively by UDP (Nicholas et al., 1996), and the P2Y11 receptor is activated primarily by ATP (Communi et al., 1997). All of these receptors activate PLC. In addition to coupling to PLC, the P2Y11 receptor has been reported to activate adenylyl cyclase (Communi et al., 1997). The cloning from a chick brain cDNA library and characterization of an additional P2Y receptor, termed the p2y3 receptor, was reported recently (Webb et al., 1996). The p2y3 receptor is 65% identical to the rat P2Y6 receptor and 38, 42, and 41% identical to human P2Y1, P2Y2, and P2Y4 receptors, respectively. The nucleotide selectivity and second messenger signaling properties of the p2y3 receptor have not been completely defined. In studies measuring the amplitudes of Ca-activated Cl currents in p2y3 receptor-expressing Xenopus laevis oocytes, ADP (100 mM) elicited the largest current, followed by ATP-g-thiol, UTP, ATP, and UDP. In contrast, UDP was the most potent agonist, followed by UTP, ADP, ATP-g-thiol, and ATP, in measurements of intracellular Ca mobilization in p2y3 receptor-expressing Jurkat 1 In accordance with the recommendations of the International Union of Pharmacology Nomenclature Committee (Vanhoutte et al., 1996), we have used the designation p2y3 for this P2Y receptor because it is not from a mammalian species and no mammalian homologue has been identified. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant GM38213. R.A.N. is an Established Investigator of the American Heart Association. ABBREVIATIONS: PLC, phospholipase C-b; SDS, sodium dodecyl sulfate; SSC, standard saline citrate; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography; AR, adrenergic receptor. 0026-895X/98/030541-06$3.00/0 Copyright © by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics All rights of reproduction in any form reserved. MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY, 54:541–546 (1998). 541 at A PE T Jornals on M ay 6, 2017 m oharm .aspeurnals.org D ow nladed from cells. Although it is likely that the mobilization of intracellular Ca was a consequence of activation of PLC and production of inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate, no direct analysis of inositol lipid hydrolysis was reported. Webb et al. (1996) proposed that the chick p2y3 receptor is a unique subtype of P2Y receptor. However, given the similarities in both sequence identity and apparent nucleoside diphosphate selectivity of the chick p2y3 receptor and the rat P2Y6 receptor, it is conceivable that the p2y3 receptor is the avian homologue of the previously reported mammalian P2Y6 receptor. To distinguish between these two possibilities and to directly compare the signaling properties of these two receptors, we have expressed both the turkey p2y3 receptor and the rat P2Y6 receptor in 1321N1 cells and have determined their agonist selectivities and second messenger signaling properties under identical conditions. In addition, we have screened at low stringency two human genomic libraries and a Southern blot with a turkey p2y3 probe, to identify a possible human homologue. Our results indicate that mammalian P2Y6 and avian p2y3 receptors both activate PLC and that the receptors have similar but not identical agonist selectivities. Moreover, no receptor apparently exists in the human genome with greater homology to the avian p2y3 receptor than the human P2Y6 receptor. We conclude from these data that the chick p2y3 receptor is the avian homologue of the mammalian P2Y6 receptor. Experimental Procedures Materials. ATP, ADP, UTP, and UDP were purchased from Pharmacia (Piscataway, NJ). The purity of these nucleotides was estimated to be .99% by HPLC analysis. 2-Methylthio-ATP, 2-methylthio-ADP, and ADP-b-thiol were purchased from Research Biochemicals (Natick, MA). 5-Bromo-UTP was from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO), and 5-bromo-UDP was synthesized by incubating 5-bromo-UTP with hexokinase and glucose (Lazarowski et al., 1996). myo-[H]Inositol was from American Radiolabeled Chemicals (St. Louis, MO). [a-P]dATP was from New England Nuclear. Hexokinase was from Sigma. All tissue culture reagents were from the tissue culture facility at the Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center (University of North Carolina). Cloning and expression of the turkey p2y3 receptor. Because of the similarity between chick and turkey genes, the turkey p2y3 receptor was amplified from turkey genomic DNA by PCR with primers based on the published chick p2y3 receptor sequence (Filtz et al., 1994; Webb et al., 1996). The upstream and downstream oligonucleotides were 59-GAGACTCGAGCCACCATGAGCATGGCCAACTTCACGGG-39 (complementary to bases 1–23 of the chick p2y3 receptor coding sequence, with the ATG codon in bold type) and 59-GAGAGGATCCCATCCCCATCTCCGCACCATG-39 (complementary to bases 60–81 downstream of the stop codon of the chick p2y3 receptor coding sequence), respectively. The entire coding sequence of the turkey p2y3 receptor was amplified from 1 mg of turkey genomic DNA with Pyrococcus furiosus DNA polymerase (Stratagene, La Jolla, CA), using the following amplification conditions: 94° for 30 sec, 58° for 30 sec, and 72° for 1 min for 35 cycles. The amplified p2y3 receptor gene was subcloned into the HpaI site of pLXSN, and clones harboring the insert in the correct orientation were identified by restriction mapping. Recombinant viral particles were produced in PA317 cells and used to infect 1321N1 cells as described previously (Comstock et al., 1997). 1321N1 cells expressing the rat P2Y6 receptor were produced in a similar manner (Nicholas et al., 1996), except that a single clone was expanded from the cell population and used in activity assays. Cells were selected with 1 mg/ml G418 in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium and were maintained in the same medium with 400 mg/ml G418. Measurement of [H]inositol phosphate accumulation. Cells were plated in 24-well plates at 5 3 10 cells/well and were assayed after 3 days in culture. Inositol lipids were radiolabeled by overnight incubation with 0.4 mCi of myo-[H]inositol/well, in 200 ml of inositolfree Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium. No changes of medium were made after the addition of [H]inositol. Drug challenges were initiated by addition of 50 ml of 5-fold concentrated agonists in 50 mM LiCl. After a 5-min incubation at 37°, the reactions were stopped by aspiration of the medium and addition of 0.5 ml of boiling 10 mM EDTA, pH 8.0. [H]Inositol phosphates were isolated by chromatography on Dowex AG1-X8 resin, as described previously (Filtz et al., 1994; Lazarowski et al., 1995). All nucleoside diphosphates were treated with hexokinase, as described (Nicholas et al., 1996), to remove contaminating nucleoside triphosphates. Measurement of intracellular Ca levels. 1321N1 cells expressing either the turkey p2y3 receptor or the rat P2Y6 receptor were plated at low density on glass coverslips and assayed after 2–3 days in culture. On the day of the assay, the cells were incubated for 30 min with 0.5 mM fura-2/acetoxymethyl ester, washed, placed in a sealed recording chamber, and continuously superfused wit


The utility model relates to a dual water supply machine of full automatic control comprising a fleet of tap water which is connected with a PPF filter through a tube and a feed-water ball valve. The PPF filter is connected with two tubes, wherein, one tube is connected with an uninterrupted water supply device and communicated with a purification rising pipe which is connected with a releasing exit of purification water; the other tube is connected with a carbon filter and a precise filter through a low-voltage switch order and connected with membrane water processing system through a feed-water solenoid valve and a high-pressure pump. The connection of membrane water processing system has two expelling tubes, wherein, the purification water with no passing through the membrane is connected with the purification rising pipe and the purification water exit through a check valve, a flushing group valve and the second high-pressure switch; the purified water is communicated with the releasing exit of purified water through a unilateral valve, a first high-pressure switch, and a postposition carbon filter. Therefore, the dense water releasing(waste water) of the traditional water purification machine is changed into purified water releasing, and the releasing purified water is used for watering flowers, cleaning cars and kitchenware, which improves the utilization rate of water resources effectively.


ERCIM News is the magazine of ERCIM. Published quarterly, it reports on joint actions of the ERCIM partners, and aims to reflect the contribution made by ERCIM to the European Community in Information Technology and Applied Mathematics. Through short articles and news items, it provides a forum for the exchange of information between the institutes and also with the wider scientific community. This issue has a circulation of 10,500 copies. The printed version of ERCIM News has a production cost of €8 per copy. Subscription is currently available free of charge. Contributions Contributions must be submitted to the local editor of your country Copyright Notice All authors, as identified in each article, retain copyright of their work Advertising For current advertising rates and conditions, see ERCIM News online edition The online edition is published at http://ercim-news.ercim.org/ Subscription Subscribe to ERCIM News by: contacting the ERCIM office (see address above) or by filling out the form at the ERCIM website at http://ercim-news.ercim.org/ The developed world is full of modern technology that we take for granted. Mobile phones, Internet, credit cards and CD and DVD discs are only a few examples of innovations that have revolutionized everyday life in the past thirty years. Common to all these is that their functioning depends heavily on mathematics. Another thing to note is that in all these cases, the mathematics was not invented for the sake of the technological innovations-it had already been developed as pure mathematics and lay ready to be applied when the time was ripe. In Internet and mobile phone telecommunication the message is encoded and passed from one computer to another or from one phone to another. Errors always occur and may lead to the message becoming completely obscured. Error detection and self-correction is therefore essential in all telecommunication. Modern automatic error correction is based on deep mathematics such as Galois theory developed in the early 19th century by Evariste Galois. Telecommunication, as we know it, would not be possible without Galois theory. Error correction is equally important for the proper functioning of CDs and DVDs. Digital security is an important issue in today's society. We want to be confident that our phone calls are not eavesdropped, that we can safely shop on the internet without our credit card information being intercepted and that bank secrecy and safety is not jeopardized. The solution to the security problem is efficient encryption. Cryptography …


In order to effectively evaluate the urban water security, the study investigates a novel system to assess factors that impact urban water security and builds an urban water poverty evaluation index system. Based on the contribution rates of Resource, Access, Capacity, Use, and Environment, the study adopts the Water Poverty Index (WPI) model to evaluate the water poverty levels of 14 cities in Gansu during 2011–2018 and uses the least variance method to evaluate water poverty space drive types. The case study results show that the water poverty space drive types of 14 cites fall into four categories. The first category is the dual factor dominant type driven by environment and resources, which includes Lanzhou, Qingyang, Jiuquan, and Jiayuguan. The second category is the three-factor dominant type driven by Access, Use, and Capability, which includes Longnan, Linxia, and Gannan. The third category is the four-factor dominant type driven by Resource, Access, Capability, and Environment, which includes Jinchang, Pingliang, Wuwei, Baiyin, and Zhangye. The fourth category is the five-factor dominant type, which includes Tianshui and Dingxi. The driven types impacting the urban water security factors reflected by the WPI and its model are clear and accurate. The divisions of the urban water security level supply a reliable theoretical and numerical basis for an urban water security early warning mechanism.


In recent years, important battles have been fought over health care reform, telecommunications deregulation, and Medicare, to name just a few. The interest groups most successful at influencing policy are those with the most money to spend on advertising and lobbying. West and Loomis caution that as the "sound" of money in American politics grows louder, this new group activism will increasingly affect-and maybe even threaten-the viability of representative government.


Article 8 (1) of the Federal Constitution guarantees equality before the law while Article 8 (2) of the Federal Constitution was amended in 2001 to prohibit gender discrimination. Finding that the interpretation of courts based on the Article 8 of the Federal Constitution fails to give proper and sufficient protection against gender discrimination, this paper presents the weaknesses and lacuna faces pertaining to Malaysian gender equality law particularly from the perspective of employment in the private sector, pregnancy and gender discrimination.


The invention relates to a heat-transfer fluid, and relates to a preparation method for the heat-transfer fluid and a use thereof. The heat-transfer fluid comprises the following components in percentages by mass: 50-80% of KNO3, 0-25% of LiNO3, and 10-45% of Ca(NO3)2. A method for preparing the heat-transfer fluid comprises the steps of heating, and exposing in a high-temperature environment. The heat-transfer fluid is used as a heat-transfer fluid for a solar thermal power plant. The heat-transfer fluid, the preparation method for the heat-transfer fluid and the use thereof disclosed by the invention solve the technical problem of high melting temperature of an inorganic salt mixture for preparing a heat-transfer fluid at present.


Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is defined as a pattern of bleeding that does not correspond with the duration, amount and frequency of the flow of a normal menstrual cycle. The cause of AUB varies according to the age, endometrial response to hormones and its variations and other structural lesions. Endometrial sampling by endometrium curettage is safe and easy technique and its histopathological analysis is considered the gold standard for diagnosis of the etiology of AUB. Aims and objective was to evaluate the spectrum of endometrial histology in cases of AUB, to find out age wise incidence of AUB, and to find out age wise incidence of various histological pattern of endometrium in AUB.Methods: An observational study was conducted on dilatation and curettage material which were obtained from 110 women with a complaint of AUB attending the gynecology outpatient department (OPD) at tertiary care hospital, Rajkot, Gujarat during one year (August 2020 to July 2021).Results: Maximum number of cases of AUB were noted in the age group of (31-40) years (44 cases, 40%). Most common observed histopathological pattern in this study was normal cyclical patterns including proliferative endometrium (34.5%) and secretory endometrium (21%).Conclusions: Histopathological evaluation of endometrium is indicated in women over the age of 35 years presenting with AUB to rule out preneoplastic lesions and malignancies.


The diagrammatize is simple and perspicuous. Application of resolving questions of solubility in example by the graphic method is introduced.


Japan's defeat in World War II marked a sharp turning point in the history of Japanese overseas migration. As Japan lost most of its colonies and imperial territories beyond the archipelago, colonial migration came to an abrupt end. The GHQ (General Headquarters of the Allied occupation of Japan) not only cut off most of the contact between ordinary Japanese and people living in other parts of the world, but also dismantled the set of mechanisms that was responsible for relocating Japanese overseas during the past decades. It abrogated the Overseas Migration Cooperative Societies Law that had turned prefectural governments into engines of emigration; it also disbanded the migration companies, including the Kaikō, which had relocated most of the migrants from the archipelago to South America and the South Seas since the mid-1920s. However, Japanese overseas migration quickly began anew following the end of the occupation, with Malthusian expansionism continuing to serve as its central justification. During the 1950s, a prime decade for overseas migration, over ten thousand Japanese annually settled overseas. In 1957, when overseas migration was at its postwar zenith, the Federation of Japanese Overseas Associations (Nihon Kaigai Kyōkai Rengōkai), a government proxy organization in migration management, issued a pamphlet vowing to further expand emigration in the years to come. Titled Japan and Emigration (Nihon to Ijū), the pamphlet outlined the government's view on migration. It began with familiar rhetoric, presenting a sharp contrast between the spacious and empty Americas and the small and overpopulated Japan. While Japan's territory was halved after the empire's collapse, the pamphlet continued, its population continued on a path of rapid growth. In 1956, Japan's population exceeded ninety million, making the country one of the five most


Introduction : Ovarian metastases from thyroid carcinoma are rare. It needs to be differentiated from malignancy occurring in the setting of struma ovarii as the management and prognosis of the two conditions are different. Case Report : A 50-year old lady presented with gradually increasing lower abdominal and low-back pain. Abdominal examination revealed a mass in the left lower quadrant. Histopathology examination of the resected thyroid specimen showed poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma with immunoreactivity for CK7 and TTF1 but not for CK20, Napsin or WT1. The patient received paclitaxel and carboplatin followed by palliative radiotherapy and I131 therapy. Conclusion : Ovarian metastases from thyroid carcinoma may pose a diagnostic dilemma. Histopathology and immunohistochemical studies are crucial in establishing the diagnosis and management planning.


The kinetic energy of simulated rainfall is one of the parameters used to study the effect produced on the soil or a given crop. About this theme, we aim to determine the applicability of three commercial sprinkler heads for use in rainfall simulators by verifying the kinetic energy of the generated rainfall. Using an experimental workbench, the sprinkler heads were positioned at heights of 1.1, 2.1, and 3.1 m under pressures of 50, 100, and 150 kPa, which, when combined, generated 27 treatments with six repetitions. Using a disdrometer, the values for intensity (mm h-1) and kinetic energy (J.m-2.h-1) were collected. Three equations from the literature were employed to calculate the kinetic energy from the precipitation intensity provided by the disdrometer, allowing their comparison with the kinetic energy values measured by the disdrometer. The kinetic energy results measured by the disdrometer differed from the values calculated using the equations. The sprinkler heads P1, P2, and P3 did not generate rain droplets with kinetic energy similar to that of natural rainfall for the same intensity, thus not being qualified for use in rainfall simulators.


When it comes to promoting your aesthetic treatments, there are many options available to maximise your exposure, from social media posts to magazine adverts. However, before creating a clinic campaign, it is important to understand the key concepts behind effective marketing. Jason Ratcliffe reviews a trio of promotion principles and explains how they can be applied in aesthetics


Effects of ATP and of cyclic AMP on membrane current systems were investigated in isolated single ventricular cells from guinea‐pig hearts by applying the suction electrode method. The intracellular milieu was dialysed with various solutions which were perfused continuously through the suction pipette. The presence of ATP, cyclic AMP and EGTA in the perfusion solution kept the plateau phase of the action potential almost intact for as long as 30 min. With depolarizing voltage‐clamp pulses from holding potentials between ‐30 and ‐40 mV, the slow inward current (isi) was activated at potentials positive to ‐20 mV. The inactivation time course of isi was fitted by two exponential components in the potential range between ‐10 mV and +30 mV. By increasing ATP from 2 to 9.5 mM in the solution, the amplitude of isi was increased and the slow component of inactivation was accelerated. The steady‐state current‐voltage relationship (I‐V curve), exhibited a negative slope that became steeper after increasing the ATP concentration. The current was shifted towards the outward direction between ‐40 mV and ‐10 mV and became more inward between ‐10 mV and +40 mV. Increase of the cyclic AMP concentration from 30 to 60 microM also enhanced the amplitude of isi, but the negative slope in the steady‐state I‐V curve was unaffected. Assuming that the concentration of free Ca2+ in the cell was well buffered at a low level by the EGTA‐Ca buffer solution in the pipette, it was concluded that [ATP]i and [cyclic AMP]i exert a direct influence on membrane current systems of the ventricular cell.


In 1989, IBM desiring to establish closer working relationships with libraries particularly with academic libraries established INFORMA as "a forum for current and prospective users of IBM technology in libraries." INFORMA is directed by a steering committee composed of representatives from institutions currently using IBM technology for library automation, with IBM serving as corporate sponsor. Chair of the committee for the first year was Kaye Gapen, dean of the University of Wisconsin's General Library System, and an IBM consulting scholar. Jordan Scepanski, director of libraries and learning resources, California State University at Long Beach, is the current chair.


High performance liquid chromatography /electrosprayionization mass spectrometry(HPLC-ESI/MS) was applied to determine the trace pentachlorophenol(PCP) in textiles.The PCP residue in textiles was extracted by acidified n-hexane,and then separated on Eclipse XDB-C18 column(150 mm × 2.1 mm I.D.,5 μm)with mobile phase consisting of 5 mmol/L aqueous ammonium acetate/methanol(30 ∶70,v/v).Detection was performed on an iron trap mass spectrograph by the selective ion monitoring(SIM) in a negative mode with electrosprayionization(ESI),and quantified by external standard method.The linear range of pentachlorophenol was 5.0~500.0 μg/L,the limit of quantification was 0.005 mg/kg,the recovery was 82.0~94.4% and the RSD was less than 12.5%.This method featured sensitive,fast and accurate,and was suitable for the determination of lot sample.


Introduction : Carbendazim is a systemic benzimidazole fungicide used in plant disease control. Selenium is an essential micronutrient in the mammalian diet and showed many therapeutic effects. Objective: The present work evaluated the effect of carbendazim on ovary of albino rats and the ameliorative role of selenium. Methods : Animals were divided into four groups. G1 was considered as control. G2 was given sodium selenite (10 μg/kg b.w) for 3 days weekly for 6 weeks. G3 was orally given 100 mg/kg b.w. carbendazim for 3 days weekly for 6 weeks. G4 was orally administered carbendazim and sodium selenite 3 days/week for 6 weeks. Animals were sacrificed and ovaries were removed and stained with H&E for histological examinations and stained with PAS and bromophenol blue for polysaccharides and proteins, respectively. Results: Treating rats with carbendazim (100 mg/Kg b.w /3 days weekly for 6 weeks) causes histological alterations in the ovary compared with control group. The majority of the ovarian follicles were declined and diminished in number. The atretic follicles increased with increase of collagen fibers and the blood vessels were dilated and congested. Histochemical results revealed decrease in polysaccharides and DNA contents in the ovarian follicles and germinal epithelium. Treating animals with carbendazim and selenium (10 μg/kg b.w/3 days weekly for 6 weeks) caused an improvement in the histological structure as well as histochemical components of the ovarian tissue. Conclusion: It is recommended that the ameliorative impact of selenium against the histological and histochemical changes actuated via carbendazim may be because of its antioxidant activity.


Introduction: We report a series of 15 cases of secondary psoas abscess, showing its diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties aiming at evaluating the interst of precutaneous drainage role in its treatment. Materials and methods: It is a monosentric retrospective study lastes fer 5 years (Januarg 2003 - December 2007). The study based on the clinical and aperative reports, radiological and bacteriological findings. Results: The study includes 15 cases aged 14 to 72 years old, the average was 31.4 years with slight male predominance 9 males to 6 females. Diagnosis has been done by the ultrasound and scanner examinations. 6 cases have (Crohm's disease, 3 retroc ecal apprendicitis, 2 tuberculous spondylitis 2 on top of colon tumors, 1 with diverticulitis and 1 post traumatic case. The most causative germes were gram-negative of digestive origin. In addition to the antibiotic treatment, 8 patients were operated from the start, 3 cases operated after a precutaneous drainage and 4 cases had a precutaneous drainage only which was effective. Conclusion: The secondary psoas abscesses are rare. As the clinical picture is less specific and hides the original pathology, which must be searched for and treated, diagnosis delayed. The most efficient treatment is the combined surgical and antibiotic one. The precutaneous drainage has its role in treating secondary psoas abscesses. At least it defers the surgical treatment to be done in better conditions latter on during the second step.


This work studies the smoothness of the solutions of dilation equations, which are encountered in the multiresolution analysis and iterative interpolation processes. Sharp limit of the Sobolev exponent of the solution is given as a function of the spectral radius of an associated finite-dimensional positive operator. In addition, tools are given to get good explicit upper and lower bounds for the exponent.


Objective: A sensor system for measuring five basic taste substances is presented based on the principle of LAPS.Methods: The taste recognition system(Electronic tongue) based on the taste sensor arrays,which is the kind of taste perception system for intelligence qualitative and quantitative identification,can sense liquid sample by detection of response signal using advanced information fusion algorithm.It is mainly composed by the sensor array、signal processing and pattern recognition system.This paper introduced the working principle of LAPS;It expatiated the manufacture method of TiO2 Sol-Gel molecular imprinting membrane,the molecularly imprinted sensitive membrane showed high performance on taste material element identification and light addressing taste perception biosensors array research has the vital significance;designed a light-addressable potentiometric sensor(LAPS) taste perception hardware and software system to measure the response signals of five basic taste substances;the PCA and artificial neural network algorithm were carried out to distinguish and detection of five different taste substances.Results: Five test samples of the taste through this taste perception system were close to their respective output corresponding expected output.The system realized five different taste materials distinction and detection.Conclusions: Taste bionic perception technology research on artificial intelligence has very important significance for promoting the rapid development of artificial science,and the scientific and effective detection technology to taste quality assessment is an inevitable trend of development.Therefore,this paper was designed an electronic tongue system based on the principle of LAPS which has very important application value and practical significance.


The Catholic Magisterium welcomed the theory of evolution and recognizes its value. The encyclical Humani Generis constitutes its key moment. However, the Magisterium went no further. It declined to sacrifice the cornerstone of traditional Christian anthropology on the altar of evolutionary theory. It insists on the direct creation of the human soul par God. A few theologians like G. Martelet, J.-M. Maldame and J. Arnould, saw the need to articulate this theological discourse and the advances of evolutionary theory, where the conceptuality of emergence dominates ; an approach that is based on the idea that if God is unique then the truth of is revelation would by no means oppose to the truth showed by the world. The present study attempts to grasp the stance taken by the Magisterium, from Pius XII to John-Paul II. It explores the contribution of the three mentioned theologians to a deeper reflection on the theology of creation, on how their work has contributed to the understanding of the human identity and God's action within creation. The scientific knowledge contributes to the improvement of our awareness of the Universe and mankind. Indeed, the understanding of God's action in the world is at stake. It is not considered according to mechanical patterns where the Creator is described as a cosmic engineer. It is more represented in terms of support and arousing of the potential within the innermost being. The least we can say is that the Bible is not as interested about the past of mankind but rather about its origin. According to the Bible, answering the call of God and the one of mankind in terms of responsibility defines what being human is. That is what being in the image of God.


We assumed utility was exponential and the value of a project followed a lognormal process with upper barrier under an incomplete market. We dealt with problems of the timing and valuation of the project.By making use of stochastic theory and a new verification,an explicit solution was derived.


The influence of mobile Internet on catering industry lies in eliminating geographical limitations, reducing marketing costs and changing the original one-way information dissemination of marketing into two-way communication, which has improved the level of enterprise information management and promoted the development of the catering O2O business. This paper takes Chongqing hot pot catering as the research object, analyses the characteristics of traditional operation, and puts forward the strategy of mobile Internet marketing


Objective To investigate the culturing technique for conjunctival epithelial cells and to evaluate the facibility of serum-free culture system on culturing conjunctival epithelial explants.Methods Rabbit conjunctival epithelial tissues were explanted in serum-free system.The morphology,gowth,proliferation and differentiation of outgrow cells were compared with those in serum-containing medium.Results The epithelial cells cultured in serum-free medium not only demonstrated a significant increase in proliferative,colony-forming efficiency and cell generations,but also have the normal structural and functional properties than those in serum-containing medium.Conclusion This is a serum-free culture system for developing a conjunctival epithelial explants with improved purify and proliferative,which are important for the basic research and tissue engineer of conjunctival epithelial cells.


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, in particular to a method for producing nanocapsules of group B vitamins in carrageenan. Method for obtaining nanocapsules is characterized in that carrageenan is used as the shell, and the vitamins of group B at the mass ratio of core: shell 1:3 or 1:1 are used as the core. In this case, the vitamin is added to a suspension of carrageenan in benzene in the presence of the preparation E472c as a surfactant with stirring. EFFECT: implementation of the invention makes it possible to simplify and accelerate the process of obtaining nanocapsules. 1 cl, 11 ex, 3 dwg


The oxidation kinetics curves of 2520 stainless steel at high temperature have been measured by thermal gravimetric analisis(TGA) method.The types of oxide were examined by X-ray diffraction;the morphologies of the oxide films formed at different oxidation times have been observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM);and the composition of the oxide film was analyzed by energy-dispersive X-ray speclroscopy(EDS) skill to research on oxidation behavior of 2520 stainless steel at high temperature.The results show that the main composition of the oxide film is Fe2O3 and the composition is changed with increasing temperature.At the initial of oxidation,the oxide is rich in Fe and the oxidation rate is fast.The oxidizing reaction is running on the exterior surface of the oxide film,which is external oxidation.


Train simulator is used in driver training for visual simulation of the operating environment. In the conventional visual system to simulate real environment of snow, rain and some other natural phenomenon, image overlay is used and the poor effect can not satisfy the actual demand. In this paper, a simulation model using particle system to simulate snow and rain is proposed. In this physical model, the simulation for snow and rain is simplified to satisfy the realtime requirement in visual simulation with 3D scene. The results show that the efficient model renders complicated realtime scenes and the effect can satisfy the reality demand of train simulator with vivid images.


A hybrid X-pinch configuration consisting of solid conical electrodes connected by a wire was first tested on the 45 ns rise time, 500 kA peak current XP pulsed power generator1. In more recent work the hybrid X-pinch was studied on generators with peak currents from 250 kA to 1.2 MA and current rise time from 45 ns to 170 ns. In all experiments the hybrid pinches have the same 60° conical electrodes made of tungsten (W) with 5% copper (Cu). The wires were loaded trough 1 mm holes in the cones. The wire diameter and the gap between electrodes were varied to fit the pulser peak current and rise time. Mg, Al, Ti, Ni, NiCr, Cu, Mo, Pd, Ag, W and Au wires having lengths ranging from 0.6 to 2.5 mm were tested in the experiments. The wire diameters were varied from 12 to 200 µm for different experimental conditions. The experiments have shown that for each generator, it is possible to find a wire material, diameter and length for which the X-pinches generate an intense single burst of soft x-rays and develop a single hot spot with micron size. Also they generated less hard x-ray intensity than that measured from comparable standard X-pinches. Absence of x-rays with photon energies > 20 keV associated with long-lived electron beams2 is explained by fast closure of the gap between conical electrodes by expanding dense plasma from them. At the same time short-lived electron beam radiation produces bright small-size x-ray source in 6–15 keV spectral band usable for point-projection radiography. Hybrid X-pinches have been used as a source of continuum radiation with a flat spectrum for absorption x-ray spectroscopy of relatively cold plasma of exploded Al wires and wire arrays3. In place of the ∼ 100 µm diameter wires between the conical electrodes we have tested hollow tubes from Al, Ni and polyethylene. Both empty and filled with various materials tubes were tested as a load on COBRA pulser (1.2 MA, 100 ns rise time). This possibility with the hybrid X-pinch configuration greatly expands the range of materials that can be studied under extreme conditions of an X-pinch.


The purpose of this paper is to provide a review around talent identification in soccer using physiological and technical testing procedures, and to summarise the issues associated with this process. The current research in soccer talent identification, among other sports, demonstrates a systematic bias in selection towards players born early in the year (i.e., relative age effect) and early maturers. From the studies investigating the physiological (e.g., power) and technical (e.g., dribbling) characteristics of players of different maturity status, early maturers had the tendency to perform better in these tests and therefore were likely to be more influential on the game and be recognised as more talented. When considering the current level of play and future success, elite youth and future professional players scored better in physiological and technical testing than recreational youth and future non-professional players, independently of maturity status. However, these testing procedures were not sensitive enough to distinguish youth elite from sub-elite or future national team from professional club players. Collectively, these studies demonstrated the need to use estimates of maturity status and subsequent appropriate analysis of data obtained from physiological and technical testing. When maturity is taken into account, these testing procedures can provide an indication of responsiveness to training load in youth players and an evaluation of potential to become a successful soccer player. However, these testing procedures should not be used as a marker of selection before full maturity is attainted and should be part of a multidimensional approach of talent identification considering the importance of other facets of the game at the highest level (e.g., perceptive-cognitive skills).


This paper discusses high-efficiency methods for energy calibration of multichannel scanning optoelectronic devices, including a method of measuring the probability characteristics of the threshold sensitivity, taking into account the direction-finding characteristic of the device. A comparative analysis of the described methods is carried out, using the results of the experimental studies.