Several potential approaches are presented that utilize adaptive penalty functions that change the value of the draw-down coefficients during a run of the genetic algorithm. A simple 1D constrained problem and a more complex 2D constrained problem were solved using the adaptive penalty strategies. A stiffened composite panel was optimized for minimum weight, subject to several constraints using the adaptive penalty methods to provide insight into how the approaches perform on an engineering problem. On the basis of these problem solutions, conclusions were drawn regarding the efficacy of adaptive penalty functions for constrained optimization. (Author)


The problem in this research is the variety of language and puns used in the Ini Talkshow program on NET TV. This study aims to describe the variety of language and puns on the Ini Talkshow program on NET TV. This study uses qualitative research methods and listening methods. The data source for this research is the Ini Talkshow program on NET TV. The data collection technique used free-involved listening techniques and recording techniques. The data analysis technique used is data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of this study indicate that the use of various languages in the Ini Talkshow program includes standard and non-standard language varieties. The most widely used language variety is the traditional language variety in the use of this variety of language, the most common type of pun is found in the kind of phonological pun.


The problem of estimating the average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in a non-coherent M-ary frequency shift keying (NCMFSK) receiver has been considered, where the transmitted signal is propagated over a noisy Ricean fading channel. Closed-form maximum likelihood estimators for both the data-aided and non data-aided scenarios have been derived using the approximations of the modified Bessel functions. Numerical results are presented and the performance of the estimators is evaluated by comparing with a Cramer-Rao bound.


Combined ultrahigh vacuum‐electrochemical (UHV‐EC) methods were utilized to expose polycrystalline iron and mild steel surfaces to 0.01 M NaOH and for the subsequent transfer back to the UHV analysis chamber without exposure to air. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was then employed to elucidate a chemical description of the iron surfaces as a function of the emersion potential. The mild steel electrodes display lower corrosion resistance in the alkali solution, underlining a crucial role played by minor alloying components, such as sulfide and/or carbide. Carbonate, an unavoidable contaminant of caustic solutions, is strongly adsorbed to both iron surfaces, its concentration generally being unaffected by a subsequent water wash. Polycrystalline iron extracted in the soluble ferrate domain shows enhanced corrosion resistance, which is suspected to arise through surface impurity enrichment following the anodic leaching of the FeO42− species. In contrast, mild steel extracted in the ferrate domain exhibits poor corrosion resistance, further highlighting the detrimental effect of certain alloying elements. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


With consideration of the uncertainty problem of traditional method of intersection safety evaluation,the paper removes the effect of subjective factors by dealing with index matrix by SPA.According to existing research results of intersection safety evaluation,SPA analysis model is established.A new method for Safety evaluation of intersection is presented.And the feasibility of the model is proven through the actual data.It has been shown that the evaluation model based on SPA is feasible and valuable.


Objective: To compare the effect of thoracic epidural analgesia with that of intravenous controlled analgesia on the activity of aldose reductase(AR) in erythrocytes and the concentrations of plasma glucose and malonadialdehyde(MDA) in patients undergoing esophagus surgery.Methods: Forty-two patients scheduled for esophagus surgery under general intravenous anesthesia combined with epidural block were randomly allocated to intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with fentanyl 15μg /kg(group Ⅰ,n = 21) and thoracic epidural analgesia with 0.125% ropivacaine and 2 μg/ml fenta-nyl mixture(group Ⅱ,n = 21) after operation.Venous blood samples were collected for the measurement of AR activity in erythrocytes and the levels of plasma glucose and MDA before the induction(T0),60 min after the initiation of the incision(T1),and 60 min(T2),1 d(T3) and 2 d(T4) after surgery.The effects of analgesia were assessed by visual analog scale(VAS) at 4,12,24 and 48 hours postoperatively.Results: Both methods produced satisfactory pain relief,but with significantly higher 12 and 24 h VAS scores and more bolus times in group Ⅰ(P0.05).Compared with T0,AR activity obviously increased on T3 in group Ⅰ(P0.01),but only slightly changed in group Ⅱ(P0.05),with significant differences between the two groups(P0.05).Plasma glucose was elevated significantly on T1(P0.01),reached the peak on T3(P0.01) and remained high on T4 in group Ⅰ(P0.05),but returned to the baseline on T4(P0.05) in group Ⅱ,significantly higher on T3 and T4 in the former than in the latter(P0.05).The MDA concentration was markedly increased on T3 in group Ⅰ(P0.01),but only a little in group Ⅱ(P0.05).Conclusion: Compared with intravenous analgesia,epidural analgesia effects better pain relief,decreases the levels of Glu and MDA,inhibits AR activity,and thus protects erythrocytes from oxidative damage after esophagus surgery.


For international relations realists, the rise of a world power changes the global distribution of power. By so doing, it redefines national interests and compels governments to rethink old policies that suddenly do not make sense. Given the rise of China, it is not surprising that some American analysts suggest a change in U.S. policy toward Taiwan ending U.S. arms sales. This article weighs the arguments for and against that policy change in the context of China's awesome rise and of American interests in the Asia-Pacific region.


Objective:To study the expression of tyrosine kinase B(TrkB) and to investigate its relationship with clinical,pathological implications and the parameters of prognosis in transitional cell carcinoma of bladder(TCCB).Methods:Formalin-fixed,paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 60 cases of TCCB and 16 cases of normal bladder were analyzed retrospectively with immunohistochemistry(S-P method).The results were analyzed with the tumor stage,grade and clinical parameters of prognosis.The patients were followed up for 6-36 months to evaluate the prognosis.Results:Among 60 cases of TCCB,the expressions of TCCB-positive rate of TrkB were higher than that of normal bladder mucous membrane(P 0.05).The expressions of TCCB-positive rate of TrkB in the poorly differentiated and invasive TCCB were significantly higher than the rate of the well differentiated and superficial TCCB.The expressions of TCCB-positive rate of TrkB in the recurred cases were much higher than the expressions of the primary cases(P 0.05).Conclusion:TrkB may play an essential role in TCCB and serve as a biomarker for the prognosis of TCCB.


Connected car Industry is an emerging market, touching almost 40 million dollars by 2020. But none of the connected vehicle industry models have emerged as a success story yet. It is due to the lack of synergy among the competitor companies. Call it capitalism, but that sync is missing among the companies and their governments. The lattice AI here gives a solution on how to enable the sync between multiple companies which provide connected car solutions so that they can connect with each other on a unanimous network which runs on machine learning and swarm algorithm; and share resources.


In wireless communication the efforts are made to increase the rate of transmission and also to make the possibility to get different types of multimedia accommodated without any interruption. The techniques currently in use for sensing of spectrum are Energy identification, Matched filter, Waveform identification, Cyclo-stationary identification, Feature identification. This paper augments a technique for recognizing spectrum of interleaved single-carrier frequency-division multiple access (SC-FDMA) frameworks. A signal detection framework is built based on a metric, which extracts features of cyclo-stationary for interleaved SC-FDMA signals. Two hypotheses indicating absence and presence of primary users are used to inform the availability of spectrum for secondary users. These are represented as H0 & H1. The Neyman-Pearson test is used to examine the two hypotheses. This test uses Gaussian approximation for the built metric, to obtain the parameters of the derived metric distributions for both the hypotheses. The validation of Gaussian approximation accuracy is done by comparing simulated and theoretical metric histograms. The performance of proposed method is depicted for both multipath Rayleigh channel and additive white Gaussian noise channel. The number of users, presence of the pilot signals, the metric window length and the block length effects are investigated for detection. The proposed scheme of detection is proved to outperform the other existing systems like, technique dependent upon autocorrelation of cyclic prefix (CP) and energy detection by comparing and evaluating their performances. The complexity of proposed method is lesser than energy detection method and is little more than that of CP detection method, while maintaining almost the same performance of detection as those methods at low SNR.


Copper in the presence of excess ammonia can be estimated volumetrically by titration at the boil against a glucose solution previously standardized with a copper solution under identical conditions. The method was found useful for the estimation of copper in proofed jute fabrics.


DISCUSSION A chest x-ray and a chest computed tomography showed mediastinal and hilar adenopathies without pulmonary fibrosis. A tuberculin skin test was negative while the level of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme was elevated 60 mg/L (N value less than 40 mg/L). The patient was treated with corticosteroids (20 mg per day) for 6 months at which point nail changes indicated improvement. The daily dosage was gradually decreased and eventually stopped. Monitoring of the patient ended shortly thereafter. Nail changes rarely occur in sarcoidosis, ranging from 1 in 400 to 3 in 188.1,2 Although their presence is more commonly associated with chronic sarcoidosis, they may also be the presenting features of sarcoidosis as was the case in our patient. Nail involvement is commonly associated with lupus pernio of adjacent digits or with sarcoid dactylitis, but may occur without any apparent other involvement of adjacent tissues.3 Sarcoid dactylitis implies sarcoid involvement of both the bone and soft tissues of the fingers, which typically manifests as finger swelling and pain.4,5 Signs of nail plate alteration include thickening, brittleness, fragility, longitudinal ridging, cracking, layering and pitting, splinter haemorrhages, and trachyonychia.5 Pterygium has previously been described in sarcoidosis.6 Bony changes in sarcoidosis often manifest as bony cysts, and less frequently as bony trabeculations or pathological fractures. They have been found in almost all previously reported cases of sarcoidal nail dystrophy. As bony changes are frequently asymptomatic, radiological examination is required in suspected cases.4 Nail abnormalities may result from impaired keratinization of the underlying nail matrix, a consequence of compression of the matrix from granulomas localized in the dermis of the proximal nail fold.7 Lichen planus is the major clinical differential diagnosis. Pterygium has also been reported in various conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus. It may also be secondary to a vascular compromise as seen in the course of atherosclerosis or diabetic vasculopathy. Pterygium as well as total nail loss may also be seen as a sequel of trauma, burns, and diseases prone to develop scarring as cicatricial pemphigoid, graft-versus-host disease, and toxic epidermal necrolysis.8 But none of these conditions associate pterygium formation and/or total nail loss to paronychia, bony deformities and acropachy nor have a granulomatous histology. Histopathologically, tuberculoid leprosy may be difficult to exclude but clinical datas are different.4 Mycobacterium marinum may cause cutaneous lesions with a granulomatous infiltrate but are often multiple with a history of aquatic exposure.9 A granulomatous infiltrate may also be found in tuberculosis but tuberculous dactylitis with paronychia and nail dystrophy is exceptional.10 Treatment by high-potency topical steroids, local steroid injection or by oral corticosteroids sometimes used in combination with hydroxychloroquine may improve the appearance of nail changes, but do not seem to have any affect on bone changes.


Chromate contamination causes serious environmental problem, microbial reduction of chromate from its most toxic form Cr (VI) to Cr (III) made it to be a potential way to remediate chromate contamination. We concluded the molecular mechanism of microbial reduction of chromate, ChrR is a four-electron transfer chromate reductase, it reduces chromate to trivalent chromium directly, nitroreductase reduces chromate mixed di- and semi-electron transportation, they are both flavoprotein, FMN are their active center, cytochrome c reduces chromate because of the redox potential of its hemes. And, we also found a new pathway in which glutaredoxin acts as the role electron donor.


Based on sequences of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, we report on a screening of 11 presumed Nile crocodiles from various European zoos, of which five (from four facilities) turned out to be western Nile crocodiles, Crocodylus suchus , the recently resurrected name applied to the western genetic lineage of Crocodylus niloticus sensu lato . We also provide evidence for a pure species-level genetic background of six additional Crocodylus mindorensis from a European zoo facility, a species that is known to hybridise with Crocodylus porosus . Our results are based on a limited number of genetic markers and thus might miss backcrossed hybrid specimens, but they provide an important basis for the establishment of conservation breeding programmes, already in place for C. mindorensis and contemplated for C. suchus . We found evidence for possible genetic admixture between C. suchus and C. niloticus in a specimen found in Lebanon, possibly representing a released captive-bred hybrid. We reiterate the need for such basic genetic screening especially in morphologically cryptic and poorly studied species in the context of ex-situ conservation breeding, to avoid erroneous species identification and overlooking of unknown evolutionary lineages.


Abstract A sharp drop in saturation magnetization is known to occur within a narrow range of the Fe-Pt alloy composition of nearly 25 at.% Pt. So far the nature of this phenomenon has not been entirely clarified. Fe3Pt alloy different thermal treatment was studied by X-ray diffraction and Mossbauer spectroscopy at room temperature. Owing to different thermal treatments of the alloy having initially a bcc structure, its fcc modification is obtained either in an ordered or disordered state. It is shown that the disordered fcc structure could be in two spin (ferromagnetic and paramagnetic) states whereas the ordered structure has only a ferromagnetic state. The availability of the paramagnetic state in the disordered structure suggests an explanation of the above phenomenon.


The fifteen years since Fleming James addressed the question of whether manufacturers should be liable without negligence' have seen a remarkable expansion in the scope of strict liability in the law of torts, yet the very courts which have been the leaders in this trend have been consistently troubled by the question of how far strict liability should extend within the areas in which it is being applied. 2 While strict liability of the manufacturer for product defects, for example, has been announced in jurisdiction after jurisdiction,3 in many jurisdictions this has simply led to a morass of questions regarding the definition of "defect" and how liability for a defect relates to (a) adequacy of warnings, (b) unexpected or improper use, (c) assumption of risk, and even (d) contributory negligence.4 Nor is this at all surprising.


This paper studies the BER performance of a multiband UWB system with a common RF and ADC module in the receiver. Communication signals in multiple RF bands are received by one UWB antenna. The ADC samples the received signal in a swath. This means that the RF signals with lower frequencies are oversampled. Using the ADC output signal, the demodulator demodulates each RF signal individually. The quantization noise process depends on the resolution of the ADC and is considered as a uniform distribution. The bit error rate of each RF signal is analyzed. Numerical results are provided for different ADC resolution. The results can help system designer to choose the right resolution for ADC in multiband UWB communications systems.


Buddy Friedrichs, Click Schreck and Barton Jahncke won the 1968 Olympic Trials hosted by the Houston Yacht Club. They went on to win the 1968 Olympic Gold Medal in Mexico.


To the Editor: I read with interest the article by Roozbahani et al.1 The authors present an interesting study that report the findings of eyes undergoing therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty (Th PK) because of a corneal perforation, impending corneal perforation or recalcitrant infection in patients with infectious keratitis. Although the authors highlight the fact that the main objective with Th PK is to reestablish the integrity of the globe, many times in an urgent setting, the excellent results leading them to conclude that this procedure achieves corneal clarity and improves vision in most patients have to be taken to caution, specially in some scenarios. There is a considerable shortage of corneal graft tissue worldwide, with an important percentage of world's population having no access to corneal transplantation.2 In some countries, although this effort is constantly made, the access to corneal tissue is still difficult; the corneal tissue without an optical quality, due to a low endothelial cell count, or inadequate corneal excision technique, is sometimes stored to be used in ophthalmic emergencies. These issues generate lower chances of improvement in corneal clarity at follow-up. In addition to that, the presence of aggressive pathogenic organisms may lead to different complications as mentioned by the authors, including cataract, glaucoma, or graft failure.1 In a previous series of nontraumatic corneal perforations presented by us, the infectious etiology group had a worst visual acuity at presentation (median logMAR 3.0, interquartile range [IQR] of 1.91–4), and also, a worst visual acuity at final consultation (median 3.0, IQR 1.18 to 3), with most of the patients in this group being treated with Th PK.3 Another important issue not mentioned is the possibility of an infection recurrence, being important in all bacterial, viral, and fungal keratitis, deserving attention and continued treatment.3,4 Finally, I emphasize the value of this article in supporting the use of Th PK in the treatment of corneal perforations.


The Americanjournal o/Occupational Therapy This case report demonstrates the role of occupational therapy in the rehabilitation of a patient with a rare upper extremity (Krukenberg) amputation, who was fitted bilaterally with prostheses. Ideally, prosthetic fitting and training eliminates the need for environmental modifications and enables the person to function more normally within his or her environment. In this particular case, the patient had been functioning without prostheses or home modifications for two decades with little difficulty. He was prOVided with prostheses to (a) further improve his. upper extremity function for the performance of self-care, homemaking, and housekeeping activities; (b) improve his perception of body image; and (c) accommodate his social and spiritual needs.


The mother of a healthy 10-year-old girl brings her child to the office for evaluation of new onset "eczema." The rash is asymptomatic and began on the patient's upper eyelids, later spreading to her chest and extremities over several weeks. The child complains of difficulty riding her bicycle.


Objective:This paper is aimed at exploring the correlations between thinking style and mental health in university students from the perspective of culture.Methods:800 university students were tested by the questionnaires of the Thinking Style and SCL-90.Results:①The thinking style scores of students with high SCL-90 were significantly different from those of students with low SCL-90 in covariant thinking(t=3.934,P0.001),contradiction(t=-6.136,P0.001),and change thinking(t=2.598,P0.05);②Thinking factors correlated significantly with almost all factors of psychological symptom(r=-0.061~0.205);③Thinking style could predict psychological symptom significantly,two to three thinking factors entered regression equation,with variance explaining from 7% to 12.9%,and β value ranging from -0.105 to 0.273;and covariant thinking had a significant negative effect on psychological symptom,but contradiction had a positive one,change thinking had a significantly negative effect on anxiety.Conclusion:Thinking style has influence on university students' mental health to some extent.


Control system design packages like MATLAB, MATRIXX, Control C, SIMNON, etc. have become essential ingredients of both undergraduate and graduate courses in the fields of systems and controls. The use of MATLAB and its companion toolboxes in teaching graduate and undergraduate courses was reported by many educators in the past. The experience with the use of SIMULINK and MATLAB in Intelligent Control Course is introduced which is offered to graduate students at Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (BUAA). The use of SIMULINK for simulation of intelligent control of their behavior is emphasized. The MATLAB features useful in this course are presented. How SIMULINK and MATLAB help in enhancing the students' understanding of the material and reducing the amount of time spent in performing computational homework assignments is discussed.


This qualitative study examines contact between adoptive and birth families in the context of adoptive family life. It examines the meaning and perception of contact in adoptive families and its perceived advantages and disadvantages for the children's attachment and identity formation, comparing families with and without contact. Attachment and identity theory was the theoretical framework for semi-structured interviews, relationship and identity games with the children, and observations of the children and parents together and separately. Attachment comes from trust developed from consistent care, interest, love and the meeting of physical and emotional needs; it is the core of well-formed identity. Identity comes from feeling lovable and worthwhile, and in this context from background information from adopters. The sample was 10 adoptive families with 13 children with contact, and nine families with 12 children without contact. Eight children had face-to-face contact, 11 had indirect letterbox contact. All except one were now securely attached, although many had been insecure when placed because of neglect or abuse in their background. The most important finding was the similarity between the two groups: 24 out of 25 children were securely attached and all but two had well-formed identity. The assumption that contact is a major influence on identity and attachment is not supported. The main influence was open, comfortable communication between adoptive parents and children, who could ask their parents anything. At the time of contact half the adoptive mothers had feelings of despair, although they felt positive at other times. Fathers were less positive about contact. Boys were more sanguine about it than girls; girls felt more intensely, and some were angry with their birth mothers. A unique finding was that about half the older-placed children took as long to become securely attached as they had spent with their birth families and in care.


Peripheral CD4 T‐cell depletion has been observed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐negative patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). To investigate more accurately this alteration, we studied peripheral blood CD45RA+ and CD29high CD4 subsets in 79 TB patients with (HIV+TB+) or without (HIV−TB+) HIV infection, 85 HIV‐infected patients without TB (HIV+TB−), and 43 healthy controls, all living in West Africa. The high proportion of CD4+CD29high T cells observed in controls was dramatically decreased in CDC‐A stage HIV+TB− patients. CD45RA+ CD4+ T cells were depleted during the CDC‐B stage. Both the percentage and the absolute count of CD29highCD4+ T cells were decreased in HIV−TB+ and HIV+TB+ patients versus controls, but CD45RA+CD4+ T cells were not decreased in TB patients without HIV‐infection. Although distinct alterations in the CD4+ T‐cell homeostasis are involved in TB‐ versus HIV‐infected subjects, our data suggest that the CD29+CD4+ T‐cell depletion observed during the early HIV disease contributes to the risk of active TB, by reducing the pool of T cells able to relocalize to the sites of the M. tuberculosis multiplication.


We present a database of inscriptions written in the (still undeciphered) Linear A script of Bronze Age Greece. We aim at developing a systematic, exhaustive and user-friendly open access database of all Linear A inscriptions. Such a research tool is currently missing, and is essential in order to carry out statistical and palæographical analyses within the epigraphic corpus, only available in print form at the moment.


The purpose of this article is to study some partial differential equations [2] including diffusion and wave equations. We give the existence and uniqueness of the solution of diffusion equation also called Fourier parabolic or heat equation. A formal solution for wave equation is shown to be unique and the convergence depends on the initial conditions. The series theory is used for testing the convergence of the solution to our problems, and iterative method gives the relation between the coefficients of the Taylor series [1, 4, 5]. The following problem (P ) was studied by [2] and [6],


We report a hybrid laser system with peak power of 1.02 PW based on LBO-OPCPA near 800 nm. The amplified energy of 45.3 J centered at 800 nm was generated with a conversion efficiency of 26.3%. After compression, the pulse duration was 32 fs.


Twenty-four children, from 10 to 20 years old, with asthma treated with β2-adrenoceptor agonists were matched with healthy controls of the same age, sex, and social background. Stimulated whole and parotid saliva was collected, and decayed and filled tooth surfaces as well as oral hygiene habits were recorded. The dietary and sugar intake was carefully checked by a four-day dietary record. The asthmatic children had a 26% lower (p<0.05) value for secretion rate of whole saliva. Seventy percent of the children with Streptococcus mutans counts >2×105 colony-forming units/mL of whole saliva belonged to the asthmatic group (p<0.05). The concentrations of total protein and amylase in parotid saliva were significantly lower for the asthmatic children. The concentrations of potassium, salivary peroxidase, bacteria-aggregating glycoproteins, and secretory IgA were not affected, but the secretion rate of parotid saliva was 36% lower in the asthma group (p<0.05). Oral hygiene and dietary habits did not differ between the groups. The asthmatic children had higher DFS scores, but these were not significantly different from those of the healthy controls (p = 0.07). We suggest that subjects with asthma treated with β2-receptor agonists should receive special prophylactic attention.


This bibliometric study seeks to present the trajectory of the journal through its 12 years of life. The evaluation shows the production of articles by the number of papers per year, by author, author typology (individual or collective), sex, geographic origin of the authors (countries or autonomous regions), institutional affiliation of the authors, number of signatures in the different articles and, finally, analyze the subjects using the different keywords given by the authors.


Although retailers recognize the potential value of sharing transactional data with supply chain partners, many remain reluctant to share. However, there is evidence that the extent of sharing would be greater if information sensitive to retailers can be concealed before sharing. Extant research has only considered sensitive information at the organizational level. This is rarely the case in reality; the retail industry has adapted their offerings to region-wide differences in customer tastes for decades. Differences in customer characteristics across regions lead to region-specific sensitive information in addition to any at the organizational level. This is the first paper to propose an approach to solve this version of the problem. Region-level requirements increase the size of an already difficult (NP-hard) problem substantially, making adaptations of existing approaches impractical. We present an ensemble approach that draws intuition from Lagrangian relaxation to conceal sensitive patterns at the organizational and regional levels with minimal damage to the data set. Extensive computational experiments show that it identifies optimal or near-optimal solutions even when other approaches fail, doing so without any loss in recommendation effectiveness. This mitigates potential risks associated with sharing and should increase data sharing among partners in the supply chain.


This thesis examined the insecticidal potential of the broad host range baculovirus Mamestra brassicae multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (MbMNPV), and this interaction with Helicoverpa armigera multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (HaMNPV) during the coinfection of a shared host. The results provide greater understanding of host-virus and virus-virus interactions in broad host range alphabaculoviruses that should help define effective strategies for pest control in field and greenhouse crops. First, the insecticidal activity and stability of the two closely related alphabaculovirus isolates, HearMNPV and MbMNPV derived from the commercial bioinsecticide Mamestrin®, were evaluated in a permissive (Spodoptera exigua) and a semi-permissive host (Spodoptera littoralis). The genetic structure of MbMNPV derived from the biological insecticideMamestrin® was then studied with the aim of assessing the insecticide properties of the genotypic variants comprised this wild-type isolate. Finally, interactions between two phylogenetically closely related viruses during coinfection of a shared host were analysed. In conclusion, the results obtained in this thesis contribute to a better understanding of the interactions between viruses and their hosts, which can contribute to the development of baculovirus-based insecticides and to design of effective strategies for the control of lepidopteran pest complexes.


Obesity / excessive body weight leads to morbidity known collectively as metabolic syndrome and afflicts perhaps 1 billion people worldwide.[1] Reduction in caloric input continues to be the most effective means of treatment with approaches ranging from simple dieting to the extreme of bariatric surgery.[2] Regulating the desire to eat through pharmaceutical intervention is a lofty goal with a troubled history mostly because of an inability to separate regulation of satiety from the body's fundamental reward system. The end product, depending on mechanism, is that potential therapeutic agents become drugs of abuse or lead to depression.[2b]


This paper will analyze poverty and unemployment in America that is portrayed in Maggie: A Girl of the Streets and the parallels connection between the story and the era in the US at that time. The researchers apply the Neo-Historicism approach to analyze the issue since it helps the researcher answer the research problem by analyzing the historical event, social problem, time and place that become key components. The researcher also employed a qualitative descriptive method to analyze the primary data, that is the novel by Stephen Crane entitled Maggie: A Girl of the Streets, while the supporting data were taken from books, articles, journals, online sources, and other sources. The outcome demonstrates the existence of societal problems like unemployment and poverty, which Stephen Crane makes the novel's primary problem. Researchers discovered a resemblance between Maggie's poverty and unemployment and the historical period in the USA at the time. What Crane shows in his novel is that not all Americans, especially those in New York during the industrial revolution, have happy lives. Moreover, a large number of people experience unemployment and poor condition, which is made worse by the industrial revolution and the American Panic of 1893. These issues resemble the societal issues that are presented in the book.


Exposure to gases, vapours and dusts at work can lead to lung disease. If a patient develops an occupational lung disease, a doctor is obliged to notify the patient's employer in writing with the patient's consent. A list of notifiable respiratory diseases is included in Box 1. The doctor does not need to make a judgement about whether the disease is, in that particular case, caused by the occupation.


X-ray diffractometry allows to distinguish original medicaments from counterfeit products. The X-ray spectra are characteristic "fingerprints" of tablets, capsules or powders and can be measured without a loss of information through the closed blister package. Hence a fast and easy analysis can be performed even by non-qualified personnel without the risk of contact with possibly hazardous drugs like hormones or anticancer drugs.


© 2008 American Institute of Physics, S-0031-9228-0812-220-7 Peter Westwick's interesting feature article "The Strategic Offense Initiative? The Soviets and Star Wars" (PHYSICS TODAY, June 2008, page 43) stimulated a few memories that may add to the history he partially documents. I was a US senator from New Mexico in 1977–82 and thus had some direct involvement in events leading up to President Ronald Reagan's March 1983 announcement of the Strategic Defense Initiative. In 1979 and 1980, I had become increasingly interested in the potential of providing the US with a defense against ballistic missiles to counter the known Soviet efforts to construct highpowered ground-based lasers as well as a national infrastructure that could survive in the event of a nuclear exchange. In the course of my reading on the subject, I ran across an article in a November 1979 New Yorker by my then colleague, the late Senator Daniel Patrick Moynihan.1 Moynihan cited separately published arguments by Andrei Sakharov and Freeman Dyson against the existing doctrine of mutually assured destruction (MAD) and in favor of mutually assured protection. Moynihan found the Sakharov–Dyson arguments persuasive and added a few favorable ones of his own. Having discovered our joint interest in strategic defense, Moynihan and I decided that we would sponsor a floor discussion during the Senate Morning Hour when the Democratic and Republican leadership made time available for presentations by individual senators. He agreed, and we sent our colleagues an invitation to join us at a specific time and day for that purpose. Unfortunately, no one showed up for our discussion except the two of us. Possibly stimulated by reports of this attempt and other statements I had made on the subject and related technology matters, President-elect Reagan asked me to discuss the subject with him in December 1980. At that meeting, Reagan showed both a deep concern and a deep knowledge about the absence of any means to protect the US from an actual missile attack. He said that the continued production and deployment of weapons of mass destruction could not preserve the peace indefinitely and that we should search for defensive alternatives. He asked what I thought of the feasibility of Edward Teller's suggestion that space-based lasers could ultimately be used to destroy missiles or warheads. I said it then appeared to be technically feasible but would require a great deal of development work once ongoing research indicated which laser candidates were most attractive. In the exchange, I had the impression that Reagan and Teller had discussed the issue long before the 1982 date suggested in Westwick's article. Further archival research may confirm this. On the question of what Reagan believed relative to defensive versus offensive use of space-based weapons, note his response to a query from Walter Mondale during a presidential debate in 1984. Mondale asked if Reagan was serious about sharing strategic defense technology with the Soviets. Reagan's answer: "Why not?" His response would seem to imply that his focus was purely on missile defense. After participating in the first SDI war game at the Pentagon in 1983, I continued to examine the potential of a shared strategic defense in more detail and concluded that Reagan's intuition on the matter was correct.2 With today's proliferation of missiles by rogue nations, some having a nuclear potential, this may be an even better time for the US, Japan, and Europe to discuss shared strategic defense with Russia, China, and other concerned nations. References 1. D. P. Moynihan, New Yorker, 19 November 1979, p. 104. 2. H. H. Schmitt, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 577, 245 (1985). Harrison H. Schmitt (email@example.com) Albuquerque, New Mexico


The pregnancy is characterized by being a period of intense changes in the maternal body, requiring adequate monitoring in order to prevent complications. Gestational hypertensive disorders represent a major cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, so that the search for methods of prevention, such as the use of calcium, has become the object of research. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of calcium for prevention of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Regarding the methodological design, an integrative review was carried out, using as a source of research the following databases: Virtual Health Library (BVS): Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences (LILACS) and database international Medical Published service of the US National Library of Medicine (PubMed) and selected a total of seven articles. After analysis of the selected articles, it was observed that, although some studies have shown inconclusive or no significant results, the use of calcium as prevention of Volume 18, Número 3 ISSN 2447-2131 João Pessoa, 2018


Background I was awarded the Mike and Carole Ralston award in 2013, which enabled me to go to England and acquire bacterial whole genome analysis skills at the Oxford Genomics Centre, Oxford University. Methods Through this collaboration, 139 Enterococcus faecium bacteraemia isolates (collected between 2005 and 2013) were sequenced on the Illumina platform prior to my arrival. A bioinformatics pipeline was subsequently developed to assemble and analyse the obtained data. A mapping approach was used to establish the core genome and de novo assembly methods were also used to assemble the van transposon, which encodes resistance to the first line antibiotic vancomycin in E. faecium . Phylogenetic relationships were then explored to investigate the emergence of resistance in this series of isolates. Results A core genome of 2.6 Mbp was established. Exploration of phylogenetic relationships confirmed the presence of recombination. These events were found to occur across housekeeping genes and may account for the lack of resolution with multi-locus sequence typing. The evolutionary relationships of vancomycin resistance emergence and isolate strains were similarly complex. Conclusions The complexity of bacterial whole genomes and resolution of analysis required will need to be optimised to allow real time application of these data.


ABSTRACTThe port management is a complex activity. It is so due to the manyvariables involved that could take in account the climatic,environmental, ships features and its cargo. In this context theforecasting about how many ships a certain port will be able toreceive and how long time each ship will need to perform itsoperations in a certain period of the year can be uncertain, once itis impacted by external factors such as the climatical conditions. Inthis context this paper proposes a forecasting mechanism based onthe game theory which utilizes data collected during four years foreach ship that has moored in two different Brazilian ports. Basedon these data we have defined a game theory model for forecastingthe port behavior in a future time period. A first implementation ispresented as well as a first analysis of provided outputs.


Following or violating the comparative advantage is two paths of the development of professional sports in China,against the characteristics of the type is concentrate resources to accomplish large undertakings,t the disadvantage is the proportion of large subsidies cause misallocation of resources throughout the economy,affecting the further development of the entire economy.Follow type is characterized by progressive ascend the stairs,the disadvantage is relatively slow process. Type in violation of China's competitive sports development path has been a huge success,but this approach is not conducive to the development of Chinese professional sports,needed to follow the comparative advantage of the development of professional sports in China,the relationship between government and its need to gradually from "nanny"to "midwife".


Crescenza cheese was prepared from milk that was naturally contaminated with aflatoxin M 1 (AFM 1 ). Three milk batches were processed at AFM 1 levels of <5, 128 and 257 ng kg -1 . AFM 1 analysis was carried out using an immunoenzymatic technique (ELISA) and HPLC. After clotting, AFM 1 was analysed on both curd and whey fractions. The Enrichment Factor of the toxin in the curd over that in the milk was on average 2.56±0.13, while about 50% of the toxin remained in the whey. Cheese samples were analysed for AFM 1 content during the 15-day storage time. The AFM 1 concentration decreased during the first 5 days and then remained constant.


In this paper, we study the exact dynamics of open quantum systems to the case with periodic driving field. It is shown that different from the static adjustment of the system on-site energy that can either generate or destroy the dissipationless localized bound states, the periodic driving can either preserve the existed localized bound states or destroy some of them but cannot generate new localized bound states. With the picture of energy transfer involved with the driving field, we find the condition for the survival of the localized bound states when the driving amplitude is weak. For the strong driving case, the condition breaks down because of the strong energy renormalization to the originally existed localized bound states. These properties of decoherence dynamics may help in controlling the quantum state against decoherence for the sake of its sensitivity to the fundamental frequency of the driving field.


The Canadian Assisted Human Reproduction Act, passed by the Canadian government on March 29, 2004, raises several important ethical issues.


Vanishing testes syndrome is a clinical condition found in phenotypic male with karyotype 46 XY in which testes is not palpable and it is believed that testes is lost after once it has formed. The manifestation of this disorder depends on the stage of fetal development at which testes is lost and also if this is unilateral or bilateral. Introduction Vanishing testes syndrome, also known as Testicular Regression Syndrome (TRS), is a condition which is considered to be due to subsequent atrophy and disappearance in fetal life of an initially normal testes (1) . This absence of testes in otherwise 46XY male is assumed to be a consequence of intrauterine or perinatal torsion or infarction. We present here two cases of vanishing testes syndrome. Case 1 23 year old phenotypic male came with underdeveloped sexual characteristics. His scrotum was not well developed, testes not palpable (since birth) and he had micropenis with single urogenital opening at tip of penis( SMR P2 ,SPL 3 cm) and B/L Gynaecomastia with disc size 4 cm . He was found to have hypergonadotropic hypogonadism with karyotype 46 XY. On MRI, a small hypointense lesion was found in left inguinal region. The tissue was surgically removed. Histopathological examination of the tissue was marked by presence of vascularised fibrous nodule (VFN) in proximity of spermatic cord. Vascularised fibrous nodule is hallmark of Testicular regression syndrome (TRS). There was no feature of malignanacy in the tissue sample. Patient is on testosterone replacement therapy and his present SMR is P5, with SPL 10 cm. www.jmscr.igmpublication.org Impact Factor (SJIF): 6.379 Index Copernicus Value: 79.54 ISSN (e)-2347-176x ISSN (p) 2455-0450 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.18535/jmscr/v7i1.08


Objective
To develop a new method of immune isolation for transplanting pig islets to rat to observe the effects on diabetic rats.

Method
Diabetes of rat was induced by streptozotocin. Pancreas of pig was digested with type V collagenase. The pig islets were purified by density gradient centrifugation. Insulin stimulation index of the purified pig islets was evaluated. Liver of the 18 diabetic rats and 6 normal rats was exposed by operation. Capsule at one edge of the liver lobe was cut apart and separated from liver parenchyma on both sides of the lobe. An artificial cyst was constructed by a cellulose ester (CE) dialysis bag with a ball of hollow fibers in the bag, and each end of the bag was closed by a thread. Each end of the bag was stuffed into the subcapsule of each side of the liver lobe. The thread at each end of the bag was passed through a hole of the capsule at other edge of the lobe and linked to each other around the lobe to hold the artificial cyst on the liver parenchyma. Middle part of the cyst (with the ball of hollow fibers in) was put between the cuts of capsule and under the skin. The collagen solution (pH 7.4) with pig islets (4000 IEQ) was injected into the subcapsule artificial cyst of 12 diabetic rats as experiment group. The collagen solution without pig islets was injected into the subcapsule artificial cyst of 6 diabetic rats and 6 normal rats as diabetes control group and normal control group respectively. The cut was sutured. The collagen solution became a collagen gel in the artificial cysts. At 8th week of the initial transplantation, the solution with pig islets (2000 IEQ) was injected percutaneously again into the subcapsule artificial cyst of each rat of the experiment group. Rats of the three groups were raised as usual, and the levels of fasting blood glucose were measured regularly.

Result
The insulin stimulation index of the purified pig islets was 2.2±0.2. At 1st to 8th week of the initial transplantation, the levels of fasting blood glucose in the experiment group at every time point were lower significantly than those in the diabetes control group (P<0.01). At 13th week of the initial transplantation, there was no significant fibroplasia around the subcasule artificial cysts in the rats by visual observation.

Conclusion
CE dialysis bag in the liver capsule at 13th week did not show significant stimulation to the surrounding tissues. Pig islets isolated in the subcapsule artificial cyst of rats might live normally and perform hypoglycemic action. Pig islets could be percutaneously injected into the subcapsule artificial cyst.

Key words:
Pig; Islet; Subcapsule; Liver; Transplant; Immune isolation; Rat


Hybrid organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite solar cell is achieved high power conversion efficiency rapidly. Organic-inorganic halide perovskites having excellent light harvesting properties. We used the methyl ammonium lead iodide perovskite solar cell structure (AMX3) as Ag/FTO/TiO2/ZnO/CH3NH3PbI3/SpiroOMeTAD/Ag. Absorber layer thickness has been studied using different electron transport Layers (ETL). SCAPS-1D is used for numerical simulation under AM1.5 illumination with constant temperature at 3000 K. Investigated the influence of ETL and the thickness of absorber layer on the photovoltaic performance of PSCs. It is observed that the efficiency of perovskite solar cell is increased with increasing the thickness of absorber layer, and decreased with decreasing the thickness of absorber layer with a particular ETL. The ETL plays a vital role on the performance of PSC. In this paper, we have calculated and analyzed different efficiencies with the simulator SCAPs-1D. The efficiencies of photovoltaic performances are reported 27.30% and 26.15% of perovskite solar cells with TiO2 and ZnO respectively as ETL. Last of all, this study concludes that TiO2 is more effective and potential as ETL for better performance of perovskite solar cell to commercialization.


The newly established Bulgarian state came to encompass a sizable Muslim population. In spite of further emigration, in the early 20th century there were 600,000 Muslims in Bulgaria. A living legacy of Ottoman rule in the region, they became the country's most sizable minority that was implicitly connected with the Ottoman state. This chapter follows Bulgaria's efforts to administer and govern these Muslim populations, particularly in view of doubts about their loyalties and concerns that they could become the channels of Ottoman intervention in its internal affairs. It also looks at the question of the place the Muslims and different Muslim groups assumed in the emerging Bulgarian national imagination. The Ottomans, for their part, were faced with the question of finding new ways to maintain connections with this community.


mon, is the focus of this film genre. And it is on strangers that women's revenge motives are unleashed. Quite obviously, the genre is still not in touch with women's realities. In literature, women who use violence are often described as mad or bad (Gilbert, 2002). In her examination of films, although Read found a number of "bad" women, there is no mention of any "mad" ones. It is curious that even though there are such close links between literature and movies, the mad, violent woman does not surface in the latter. Whether this is a function of Read's choice of primary sources is not apparent. In fact, Read does not elaborate the reasoning behind her choice of sample. Still, The New Avengers is an absorbing and intelligent scrutiny of a genre of films that focus on women's use of violence. Read's lucid writing style makes the book appealing to all readers. The book's significance for researchers, practitioners, and advocates in the field of violence against women is beyond question. It is only by scrutinizing women's violence from all angles, including empirical research, literary studies, and film studies, that we can comprehend the complexity of women's motivations and the consequences they suffer.


Objective Evaluation and analysis on the Clinical Value of Spiral CT Angiography in the diagnosis of central type lung cancer mediastinum and lung blood vessel tumor invasion. Methods 78 cases with central type lung cancer underwent enhanced spiral CT. The diagnostic, pathological and surgical results were compared and analyzed. Results The image sensitivity of CT angiography and axial images was 97.44%(76/78), 83.33%(65/78)(X2=7.88, P0.05); the specificity was 92.31%(72/78), 89.74%(70/78)(X2=0.11, P0.05); the accuracy was 94.87%(74/78), 87.18%(68/78)(X2=5.53, P0.05). Conclusion The diagnosis of central type lung cancer mediastinum and lung blood vessel tumor invasion by mult-slice spiral CT angiography has high sensitivity and accuracy and specificity. The clinical application of multi-slice spiral CT angiography in the preoperative diagnosis of central type lung cancer can provide important basis for the selection of clinical operation scheme.


The prevention of oil and gas escapes was the most important lesson learnt from the Piper Alpha disaster. Even if such calamities occur, one must possess the ability to isolate, contain and prevent the spread of the fire. Since the disaster a safety case system has been put in place in which all hazards that could cause a major incident and ways to tackle them have been identified so as to reduce their risks. Safety laws are also changed from time to time.


Abstract. In this paper, we extend the coupled coincidence point theorems for a mixed g-monotone operator F:X×X→X$F:X\times X\rightarrow X$ obtained by Alotaibi and Alsulami [Fixed Point Theory Appl. (2011), article ID 44], by weakening the involved contractive condition. Two examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of our generalizations. Our result also generalizes some recent results announced in the literature. Moreover, some applications to integral equations are presented.


Historically, small businesses have tended to turn to local lenders for credit. In recent years, however, technological advances in processing information and assessing credit risk have raised the potential for loosening the geographic ties between small business borrowers and lenders. This Economic Letter discusses factors affecting the geographic scope of markets for small business credit and uses data available for the San Francisco Bay Area to examine the extent to which small businesses rely on local lenders, how this reliance has changed over time, and the implications of any changes for the Federal Reserve's bank merger policy.


The CPC Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping have successively proposed the"rule of law thinking",which has sublimated the construction of legal system and rule of law to a spiritual level since the policy of reform and opening up is undertaken,and it also stands for a historic landmark that ruling state and dealing with politics have transformed from ruling by man to ruling of law. It is held that the analysis of modern mainstream rule of law thinking modes,including the "naturalism- rationalism","analytical positivism","social positivism",and taking reference from the experience of social practice in China,are indispensable for a comprehensive understanding of rule of law thinking. The structure of rule of law thinking includes the prerequisite element of cognition of rule of law,the core element of abiding by current laws and defining the "non- governmental norms"as supplementary element. The approach of rule of law is the media and pathway for rule of law thinking applied in practice of law,with a prerequisite that whether it needs or it can resort to legal means to resolve certain event or case. In order to realize social justice,the application of rule of law approach ought to strictly conform to substantive law and due process,and respect moral and "non- governmental norms". The rule of law thinking requires scientific methods,mainly including( 1) dialectic approach of undertaking legal considerations from developing,connected,contradictor yet comprehensive perspectives; and( 2) formal logic method,which requires the exclusive legal reasoning,inevitable legal syllogism and cohesive legal judgment making. Rule of law thinking is a systematic thinking closely consisting of these two methods mentioned above.


Objective: To explore the effects of Hydrogen sulfide(H2S) on apoptosis in myocardia of rats after ischemic-reperfusion.Methods: All rats were subjected to openning chest then the left anterior desending coronary arteries (LAD) were ligated for 30 min and unclamped for 60 min,measure the apoptotic cells by TUNEL, and detect the Caspase-3 by immunohistochemistry.Results: H2S can reduce the expression of Caspase-3,and reduce the apoptosis.Conclusion: H2S has protective effects in ischemia-reperfusion in rats,reducing apoptosis after ischemia-reperfusion maybe its mechanism.


James Joyce wrote to Grant Richards that his refusal to publish Dubliners would "retard the course of civilization in Ireland by preventing the Irish people from having one good look at themselves in my nicely polished looking-glass." But looking-glasses can be very tricky things, and when, in Ulysses, Stephen Dedalus and Leopold Bloom look together into a mirror, they see a composite face of William Shakespeare. Correspondingly, when the three commentators here in question put Joyce before their critical or theoretical mirrors, he splits into a comic Joyce, a political, feminist Joyce, and a philosophical Joyce. This, of course, is a tribute to the multiplicity of Joyce's work, and a demonstration of the way his novels can adapt them? selves to current critical trends and approaches. It seems that James Joyce, like William Shakespeare, will never go out of style. In Joyce's Comic Portrait, Roy Gottfried asserts that Joyce painted two portraits of Stephen Dedalus, one serious and formal that sits upon the surface of A Portrait of the Artist, and the second comic, robust, and vulgar that can be discerned by a careful examination of the background of the more


Retinoblastoma is a the most common primary intraocular malignant tumor in childhood. The eexpressions of CD44 and MMP-14 and Their role in proliferation and migration cells appear crucial for retinoblastoma invasion. Thirty-five paraffin blocks from retinoblastoma patients with tumor material were compared with eight paraffin blocks of normal retina. Retinoblastoma patients were selected from patients diagnosed with retinoblastoma at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya. Immunohistochemical method was used to evaluate the expression of CD44, MMP-14, and cell proliferation (Ki-67). The expression of CD44, MMP-14, and Ki-67 protein was positive in all retinoblastoma samples. In retinoblastoma samples, 54,3% (19/35) of CD44 showed high expression (score 3). The majority (40%) of MMP-14 expression was low (score 1) in retinoblastoma samples. The majority (60%) of Ki-67 (21/35) showed high expression (score 2) in retinoblastoma samples. In normal retina, 100% CD44 was moderately expressed (score 1), Ki-67 and MMP-14 were not expressed. Their expression in retinoblastoma was significant when compared with normal retina. In retinoblastoma sample, positive staining of CD44 showed high expression in the cytoplasm of the cell. This suggests that hyaluronic acid, as a ligand to CD44 in cellA''s cytoplasm, has low molecular weight, expresses angiogenesis properties, and promotes tumor cell proliferation. MMP-14 in this study was reported to be expressed mostly on low level group. The expression of CD44 and MMP-14 is thought to play a role in inducing cell proliferation and invasion of retinoblastoma cells.


The super-high large-tube structure is used for pas-sages in the Opera House of the National Grand Theatre.The con-struction of the JFYM50hydraulic climbing form system with integral lift-up is adopted.The climbing form system has one unit of the form combined with the frame,which can realize the climbing and lifting-up with the guide rail each other.It is easy to operate and is conve-nient to brace and remove.It can increase the working efficiency.The effect of the concrete wall without plastering can be achieved for the quality of the concrete walls.


The derivation of legal norms from narrative texts is a familiar, indeed pervasive feature of Qur'an exegesis. It is striking that in at least one passage, the text of the Qur'an appears to engage in its own internal process of interpreting biblical narrative as having normative legal consequences. The passage arises in the third sura of the Qur'an, The House of Imran, in the course of a lengthy excursus on the people of the book. It reads as follows: ''All food was permitted to the children of Israel (banu isra'il) save what Israel forbade (harrama) for himself before the Torah was sent down. Say: Bring the Torah now, and recite it, if you are truth-tellers'' (Q 3:93). To what does this verse refer? The verse begins with the claim that the Israelites were permitted by God to eat any food they liked before the Torah was revealed. To this is added the caveat that before the Mosaic revelation, the Israelites had forbidden themselves certain foods. Subsequently, the Mosaic revelation prohibited still more foods, as divine punishment for Israelite misdeeds. The first problem raised by the verse lies in its allusion to some prerevelatory prohibitions on food. Muhammad knew of the existence of Mosaic prohibitions on food. But what pre-Mosaic, or at least prerevelatory prohibitions might he mean to mention? Unfortunately, the verse provides no indication of what these might have been. One traditional interpretation makes the prohibition refer to ''the flesh and milk of camels.'' The Qur'an itself specifies that God prohibited to the


This paper deals with a restoration (both denoising and deblurring) method. For instance in the case of denoising, this latter is only a small modification from the usual wavelet thresholding. However, it has the significant advantage to allow the use of several bases in such a way that we select what is considered as information by a basis or another basis or another basis, and so on for as many bases as we want. The computational cost of the method is mainly the computation of the coordinates of the signal (or image) in the bases.


Poster presented at ELIXIR EXCELERATE All Hands meeting 2019 displaying a selection of knowledge, skills and abilities (KSAs) for Data Stewards in the Life Sciences. Special focus on responsibility areas, tasks, KSAs and learning objective matrix of Data Steward Type A, which is concerned with policies and procedures: a collection of responsibilities and activities related to FAIR data, compliance to scientific integrity, and institutional research data management policy.


In order to study the activation process and mechanism of ZrCoCe, highly porous ZrCoCe getter films were grown by the DC magnetron sputtering method. The effect of activation temperature on the surface composition of the porous ZrCoCe getter films were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results shows that the surface of air-exposed porous ZrCoCe film is covered with H2O, CO2 and hydrocarbons, both Zr and Ce exist in the oxidized state, and zirconium oxide starts to reduce at 300 °C. The activation process also results in a sizable Co segregation at surface. In addition, zirconium carbide can be found in the subsurface region of the film after thermal activation treatment.


I would like to express my sincere congratulations to Archives of Craniofacial Surgery (ACFS) on becoming the official journal of Asian Pacific Craniofacial Association (APCA). The decision reflects the devotion of ACFS' editorial board, contributors, and readers. Both APCA and ACFS have common roots in the seminal presentation by Dr. Paul Tessier on his revolutionizing ideas and groundbreaking results in craniofacial surgery at the 4th International Congress of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery 1967 in Rome. Since then, the field of craniofacial surgery has evolved into an area dedicated by plastic surgeons, neurosurgeons, maxillofacial surgeons, and experts from other specialties. APCA was founded in 1994 by 20 craniofacial surgeons from seven countries to furnish leadership and foster new advances in craniofacial surgery, especially in the Asian-Pacific region. APCA currently has members from Australia, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan, and Thailand. Biennial meetings have been held all over the Asian-Pacific region including, Beijing, Seoul, Shanghai, Singapore, Taipei, and Tokyo (Fig. 1). During these conferences, presentations of innovative ideas, intellectual discussions, and social exchanges have been made to promote and foster collaborative research and training of young and experienced surgeons alike. While the aforementioned meetings have provided an exciting forum for offline discussions and exchanges, APCA's purpose of intellectual discussions has been less productive online and in the form of publications. I strongly believe that ACFS will be the breeding ground for innovations for APCA members and craniofacial surgeons of the Asian-Pacific region and beyond. ACFS is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal for articles related to craniofacial plastic and reconstructive surgery, operative techniques, clinical and laboratory research, and more. The journal initially began publishing under the title Journal of the Korean Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association in October of 2000 and was printed biannually from 2000 to 2011. The journal name was changed to Archives of Craniofacial Surgery in 2012. The official language was changed to English in 2014, and the frequency of its publication has increased gradually to six issues per year [1]. While both APCA and ACFS have grown tremendously over the past two decades, craniofacial surgery has met new challenges over the past few years. With the increasing use of prenatal ultrasonography and genetic testing, the prevalence of congenital craniofacial anomalies has decreased significantly. Furthermore, birth rates decreased over the past decade in many Asian-Pacific countries, further reducing the overall cases of craniofacial surgery. Archives of Craniofacial Surgery


Eighty-six formalin-prepared heterologous aortic valves have been used to replace the human aortic valve over a three-year period, with encouraging clanical resuts. In a more recent ten-month pertoct, similarly prepared valves mounted in a suitable frame have been usea as a mitral valve prosthesis tn 11 patients without any operative mortality. Clinical and haemodynamic follow-up has shown excellent long-term function in the aortic valve replacement group, although one-third of patients have developed some evidence of valve incompetence. Only four patients have had severe incompetence, and in two this was shown to be due to dehiscence of the implanted valve from the host tissues and related to late infection. Pathological studies have shown no evidence of degenerative changes in the valves after implantation, the coliagen and elastic tissue remaining histologically near normal.


Abstract Direct patterning of initiator layers for surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization was successfully demonstrated on bare polyimide substrates based on an inkjet printing using a simple sol-gel solution of (p-chloromethyl)phenyltrimethoxysilane and tetraethoxysilane. Using this approach, line-shaped initiator layers with a hundred of micrometer-scale width could be successfully patterned without specific pre-treatments of polyimide film surfaces. We also confirmed that they could serve as ideal templates for spatially-defined formation of nitrogen-containing polymer brushes and subsequent electroless Cu plating on non-conducting polyimide films with a reasonable growth rate and adhesion strength.


Subtitle: Volumes are growing by leaps and bounds at German ports, giving rise to ambitious expansion plans to meet future demand. Anitra Green looks at the current situation.


A method for the production of moldings of plastics material comprising the steps of: a) providing a plastic material having a board; b) machining of the board to produce a blank having a contour which corresponds to the handling of the finished molding in the plane of the board; c) heating the blank; abuts d) plastic deformation of the heated blank into a molded article having the final shape by means of a molding tool, wherein zumidnest one of the edges of the blank during deformation in provided in the die abutment surfaces or there comes to rest.


The author outlines the Italian debate on the work of reconstruction of the most important monuments damaged by bombing during the Second World War. He also introduces the essays contained in this periodical. The concept of monument, which after the war was extended from single buildings to cover the entire historic city centre, needed new and effective disciplinary tools which the policy of city reconstruction had to reckon with. Moreover, a significant input for the very image of war damaged cities as demonstrated by the essays published came from the debate on the architectonic language of reconstruction. In some cases architecture drew from traditional language, whereas in others a modern approach was the preferred option.


The COD of water sampling may have different results varying from kinds and concentrations of oxidizing agent,acidity of reaction solution,reaction temperature and time and if there are catalysts.Therefore,COD is a conditional indicator,and strict operation procedure must be followed.


Objective To detect the dynamic blood glucose variation of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) before and after treatment with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion(CSII),who have been treated by oral antihyperglycemic drug(OAD) with unsatisfied therapeutic effects.Methods 32 elderly patients with T2DM who have been treated by OAD with unsatisfied therapeutic effects accept glucose monitoring for 3 days,then they are treated by insulin pump.At the same time,glucose were evaluated by dynamic glucose monitoring system(DGMS).Results After one week,the levels of FPG,2h postprandil blood glucose(2hPG),10pm,2am in 32 patients were significantly decreased,the average glucose of 24 hours was lower,the total target time was longer,glucose curve was placid shown(P0.01).Hypoglycemic frequency was lower(P0.05).Conclusion DGMS can roundly control the fluctuation of glucose,and it can control glucose more efficiently by combining with CSII.After therapy,not only the level of glucose will decrease,but also the total target time was longer,glucose curve was placid shown and hypoglycemic frequency was lower.


Speed is an important factor affecting the road traffic safety,improving the speed control effect has important significance to improve road safety.This article is based on speed limit signs,vibration reducer marking and overspeed snapping three kinds of speed control measures the speed of observations before and after section,analyzed the speed variation characteristics of different sections,using regression analysis method,section speed control measures at different speeds were normality verification,speed test of significance.A example on Hebei highways is used to analyze the speed,established the relationship between speed standard deviation and accident rate,quantify the impact of velocity dispersion on traffic safety,evaluate the effectiveness of speed control measures.In the end,the three kinds of section speed of speed control measures show the character of acceleration after deceleration the speed deviation of overspeed snapping is the lowest,and the speed control effectiveness of overspeed snapping is the best.


The eruption of the French Revolution had pounded hard at the old federal system prevailing over the European continent.Besides,it had broken the fragile balance among European countries.Both of them had caused the uneasiness of the European monarchy states.They were organized to interfere in the French Revolution frenziedly.As a bourgeois monarchy state,Britain also sensed a threat to the interests of its ruling class and the interests of its nation-state.So it joined the rank to fight against France and became an organizer and a leader in this struggle.


This paper proposes an adaptive sliding mode controller (ASMC) for trajectory tracking of high-speed trains (HST) with uncertainties. The ASMC incorporates a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) to approximate the model uncertainties and uses a sigmoid function to reduce chattering. The Lyapunov function is employed to prove the stability of the controller. Numerical simulations using the data of China Railway High-Speed (CRH) 380 train demonstrate the effectiveness of the controller in ensuring the train follows the tracking target under different prior knowledge conditions.


This paper concentrates on the Organization of Security and Cooperation in Europe within a scope begun with Helsinki Final Act of 1975 and ended with Paris Charter. In the first part, the developments that paved way to the Helsinki Final Act is explained and a legal interperation of the Act is provided. Then, the follow-up meetings and the Copenhagen meeting of the Conference on the human dimension of the CSCE is discussed and the entire process in which the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe turned into the Organization of Security and Cooperation in Europe is examined. This part of the paper evaluates the developments after Paris summit within a legal aspect. Keywords: OSCE, CSCE, Paris Charter, Helsinki Final Act, Follow-up Meetings, Copenhagen Meeting of the Conference on the Human Dimension of the CSCE, Cold-War.


Classical plate theory (CLPT) and first-order shear deformation plate theory (FSDT) of plates are reformulated using the nonlocal elasticity theory. Developed nonlocal plate theories have been applied to study buckling behavior of nanoplates. Nonlocal elasticity theory, unlike traditional elasticity theory introduces a length scale parameter into the formulation to take into account the discrete structure of the material to some extent. Both single-layered and multilayered nanoplates have been included in the analysis. Navier's approach has been used to obtain exact solutions for buckling loads for simply supported boundary conditions. Dependence of the small scale effect on various geometrical and material parameters has been investigated. Present study reveals the presence of significant small scale effect on the buckling response of nanoplates. The theoretical development and the numerical results presented in the present work are expected to promote the use of nonlocal theories for more accurate prediction of stability behavior of nanoplates and nanoshells.


Eggs from Anisakis simplex did not hatch during experiments conducted at 37 °C. A comparison between. A. simplex eggs from the fore-intestine and hind-intestine of long-finned pilot whales, Globicephala melas, captured in the Faroe Island waters showed no significant development of eggs during passage through the intestinal tract. This observation indicates an inhibitory effect on hatching by high temperatures if the final host is a mammal.


Background: Severe asthma (SA) is also need to be phenotyping. We aimed to demonstrate the applicability of current definition and classification proposals in daily practice. Methods: SA patients, according to WHO definition of treatment resistant SA, were enrolled from the allergy clinic. The SARP algorith define and WHO proposal were applied to the subjects independently by asthma experts. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the subjects were used for the comparison. Results: Ninety-five (F/M: 68/27) patients with a mean age of 45.97± 9.44 years (range25-71) were enrolled. The patients were grouped as controlled treatmentresistant SA (56%) and uncontrolled treatment resistant SA group (44%). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups but aspirin hypersensitivity. 49% of patients was classified as exacerbators, 26% as fixed airway obstruction group and 23% as undefined (other 2%). Age and mold sensitivity was higher; FEV1/FVC and FEF25-75 were lower in exacerbation-prone SA. More than half of the patients were define clustered at 4 and 5 according to SARP proposol. Patients with fixed obstruction were only in the clusters 4 and 5. Conclusion: Current phenotyping proposols failed to cover all SA patients. Thus, there is still need further investigations in order to explore validity and applicability of the phenotyping of SA.


AMONG the complications that may plague the patient with myocardial infarction, there are few more dramatic or serious than rupture through an infarct involving the interventricular septum. To be sure, it is a rare phenomenon, but when it does occur the subsequent rapid course to termination frequently makes clinical detection difficult if not impossible. However, when time permits and one is aware of the syndrome, the antemortem diagnosis can readily be made. In 1845 the syndrome was first reported by Latham.1 There were occasional reports in the literature up to 1923, when Brunn2 described 2 cases and recorded the first . . .


We have designed two 6th-order canonical filters for n257 and n258 applications. They are made of liquid crystal polymer (LCP) with solder bump input and output transition to printed circuit board (PCB) and are optimized to have very compact size. The characteristics of the filters are estimated by the coupling matrix first. Then they are designed by electromagnetic simulation and are fabricated by PCB process. The size of the single bandpass filter is 4.2 × 3.4 × 0.33 mm3, and that of the dual bandpass filter is 4.2 × 6.0 × 0.33 mm3. Measurement demonstrates that the loss is about 3 dB in passband and suppression ratio of 2-GHz away from the passband is more than 30 dB. Variants of these two filters are also designed and fabricated by putting two of the same type on a common substrate for a practical module in which dual polarizations are applied.


We examine multistage optimization problems, in which one or more decision makers solve a sequence of interdependent optimization problems. In each stage the corresponding decision maker determines values for a set of variables, which in turn parameterizes the subsequent problem by modifying its constraints and objective function. The optimization literature has covered multistage optimization problems in the form of bilevel programs, interdiction problems, robust optimization, and two-stage stochastic programming. One of the main differences among these research areas lies in the relationship between the decision makers. We analyze the case in which the decision makers are self-interested agents seeking to optimize their own objective function (bilevel programming), the case in which the decision makers are opponents working against each other, playing a zero-sum game (interdiction), and the case in which the decision makers are cooperative agents working towards a common goal (two-stage stochastic programming). Traditional exact approaches for solving multistage optimization problems often rely on strong duality either for the purpose of achieving single-level reformulations of the original multistage problems, or for the development of cuttingplane approaches similar to Benders' decomposition. As a result, existing solution approaches usually assume that the last-stage problems are linear or convex, and fail to solve problems for which the last-stage is nonconvex (e.g., because of the presence of discrete variables). We contribute exact finite algorithms for bilevel mixed-integer programs, three-stage defender-attacker-defender problems, and two-stage stochastic programs. Moreover, we do not assume linearity or convexity for the last-stage problem and allow the existence of discrete variables. We demonstrate how our proposed algorithms significantly outperform existing state-of-the-art algorithms. Additionally, we solve for the first time a class of interdiction and fortification problems in which the third-stage problem is NP-hard, opening a venue for new research and applications in the field of (network) interdiction.


The invention discloses a hot melt adhesive not easy in bubble generation. The hot melt adhesive is prepared by the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-78 parts of Taiwan UE630 EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate), 1-2 parts of isocyanate, 1-2 parts of benzoyl peroxide, 0.6-0.8 part of antioxidant 168, 0.4-0.6 part of antioxidant 264, 3-5 parts of chloroprene rubber, 2-4 parts of angelica oil, 10-15 parts of heat-proof polyethylene, 1-2 parts of triphenyl phosphite, 8-15 parts of hydrogenated rosin pentaerythritol ester, 1-2 parts of silane coupling agent A-151, 10-18 parts of octyl phenolic resin 203, and 6-8 parts of compound stuffing.


While it is rich in fossil fuels and minerals, Central Asia is poor in water. However, water plays a key role in the economies of the five Central Asian countries. In mountainous Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, hydroelectricity is already a vital energy resource; new dams could also make it a major export revenue earner. Downstream, river water irrigates the cotton fields of Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan.


Today see how evolutionary biologists "reconstruct" the tree of life by estimating phylogenetic (genealogical) relationships among organisms. Key questions; Which species share a recent common ancestor? Which species share more distant ancestors? Phylogenetic analysis is closely linked to classification & naming. Linnaeus grouped species in HIERARCHICAL classification of groups NESTED within larger groups. This reflects the real history of evolution that has produced pedigrees of species, close or distant to varying degree.


Selection of antimicrobial agents for a patient with an infection must usually be made before the actual sensitivity pattern of that organism is available from the laboratory. In the described system, accurate statistical information is kept by the use of optical coincidence cards of all previous bacterial sensitivities as studied in that laboratory. By sorting for immediately available information (source of specimen, Gram stain, and morphology), a prediction is obtained for this organism. This prediction is based on current experience in this laboratory and reflects changes in prevailing sensitivity patterns on a short-term basis. Ideal combinations of antibiotics may be obtained by special sorting procedures.


The purpose of this study is to analyze the income of lowland rice farming in Tonom Village, Dumoga Timur District, Bolaang Mongondow Regency. This research was conducted for 3 months, from November 2021 to January 2022. The data used in this study were primary data and secondary data. The sample was selected using a proportional stratified random sampling method (Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling). The population was divided into three strata based on the area of land planted with lowland rice, namely strata I (land area 1 Ha), Strata II (land area 1-2 Ha) and strata III (land area 2 Ha). The number of samples is 30 people from 116 farmer population. The results of this study indicate that the income of lowland rice farming per hectare at strata I, II, and III respectively is Rp. 6,029,865, Rp. 6,241,915, and Rp. 6,257,939. This shows a tendency that the larger the cultivated land, the higher the income per hectare from lowland rice farming.


The structural and optical properties of ZnO-metal oxide core-shell structures were investigated and distinctive features were induced by the shell coatings. In particular, the photoluminescence of the ZnO nanowire cores can be enhanced or depleted by the shell, depending on the choice of shell material. The thickness of the shell was found to be a minor factor in comparison to the shell material, so very thin coatings may transform the properties of the native cores in core-shell nanostructures. A fundamental understanding of the effects of thin shell layers on the optical properties of nanomaterials will improve their stance in advanced applications such as photovoltaic devices.


Calcium K-edge (4038 eV) X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) of wet and dry Ca-silicate hydrate (C—S—H) samples and model compounds (calcite, xonotlite, 11 A tobermorite, and 14 A tobermorite) show that the local structure of single-phase C—S—H as viewed from the Ca-positions is similar to that of tobermorite. The only major effect of wetting and drying observed by Ca-XAS is an increase in the average Ca-Ca distance, probably due to changes in interlayer spacing. The Ca-XAS spectrum of a fully hydrated β-C2S sample, containing C—S—H and portlandite, is significantly different due to the presence of the portlandite. Ca-XAS provides unique information about the structure of C—S—H and is likely to be a useful tool for investigating the structures of a wide range of phases of importance to cement science.


The analysis of tradeoffs related to transportation purchases is an important element of logistics planning, espeially when companies embrace the principles of just-in-time, quick response logistics, and continuous quality improvement. Yet the traditional approaches to helping managers resolve such tradeoffs require a choice between two unappealing compromises: either making simplifications to obtain mathematically tractable, but error-prone, results or using formulations that are difficult to solve and impractical. This paper presents an improved model that not only extends and refines prior work in this area, but brings the proposed model closer to the work place by embracing the nonlinearity that is inherent in purchasing, inventory, and transportation relationships and by introducing theoretically correct, as well as practical, procedures for solving the resulting problem formulations. The solution procedures can be readily implemented in the spreadsheet environment of microcomputers; indeed, the prototype illustrated in the paper was built that way. Shippers and carriers can use this tool to evaluate alternative service-price offerings linked to daily operations.


The pituitary gland is also called the master gland of the body and its tumours represent 10-15% of all intracranial tumors, with an annual incidence of 0.2-2.8 cases per 100,000 persons. This is a retrospective study of data of all patients operated in this centre from 1990 to 2008(18 years).The demographic factors of Age, Sex is studied along with the the size of adenoma, clinical symptoms before and after surgery, type of surgery, complications and final outcome.


The objective of this paper was to analyse the changes in milk quality of AMS farms from the introduction in 1998 until the end of 2004. AMS companies reported the starting date of each new farm to the Danish Dairy Board and this information was merged with the bulk milk quality of each delivery. Bulk milk cell counts were higher on AMS farms in the first year, which led to the introduction of the Danish self-monitoring program. From that time bulk milk cell counts dropped until 2001, but then increased to slightly above the average of all Danish herds. It is not known if the increase in cell count can be ascribed to management or if AMS in general have a negative influence on the udder health. Total bacterial count is still higher than the average of all Danish herds, but has improved significantly over the years. A parallel trend was seen in spores of anaerobes. There were major problems with high freezing points in bulk milk during the first years with AMS, but these problems have now been solved. Overall quality of bulk milk from AMS herds has improved considerably over the years and the fact that some companies have reached the quality standard of all Danish herds makes us believe that general milk quality problems of AMS herds will disappear in the near future.


This chapter assesses the earliest history of Ribbonism within the context of its origins in the aftermath of the 1798 Rising. The chapter shows that the spread of new forms of political protest from the late eighteenth century was not exclusively the result of negative factors like population pressures but is also be attributed to positive ones including greater prosperity and developing social literacy. It demonstrates that the act of Union fundamentally altered Ireland's constitutional status. yet the union of itself did little to alter the dramatic political, cultural, economic, and social forces—some parochial, others universal—that generated popular political protest in modern Ireland.


Significance Current understanding of cochlear mechanics assumes that stiffness of the cochlear partition varies only longitudinally along the cochlea. This work examines the stiffness of inner ear epithelium in individual cell types at the nanoscale level. We revealed unrecognized radial stiffness gradients of different magnitudes and opposite orientations within the epithelium. Remarkably, the observed bidirectional stiffness gradients are unbalanced between supporting and sensory cells. Deficiencies in deafness-associated Trio and F-actin binding protein (TRIOBP) caused diverse cytoskeletal ultrastructural remodeling in supporting and sensory cells and significantly diminishes the bidirectional radial stiffness gradients. These results demonstrate the complexity of the mechanical properties within the sensory epithelium and point to a hitherto unrecognized role of these gradients in sensitivity and frequency selectivity of hearing.


Introduction: Epstein Barr virus-positive (EBV+) diffuse large B- cell lymphoma (DLBCL), not otherwise specified (NOS) is a new entity recognized in the 4th edition of the 2016 classification of the WHO. Prevalence rates range from 5% in Western countries to 10-15% in Asia and South America. The IPI and Oyama score are prognostic factors for survival in this entity. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics and survival in EBV+ DLBCL, NOS.
 Methods: The study was retrospective, reviewing clinical records of patients treated at Rebagliati Martins Hospital between years 2002 - 2017. Patients of both sexes greater than or equal to eighteen years of age with the diagnosis of EBV+DLBCL, NOS were included. IRB approval was obtained prior to research. Pathological samples were reviewed by hematopathologists at our institution to confirm the diagnosis. Pertinent clinicopathological data were collected through chart review and are presented using descriptive statistics. Overall survival (OS) was determinate according to the Kaplan -Meier method, the comparison of the survival curves were made with the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional-hazard regression models were fitted to evaluate hazard ratios (HR) for OS.
 Results: A total of 60 patients with a diagnosis of EBV+DLBCL, NOS were included in this analysis. The median age at diagnosis was 70 years (range 25-95 years), 62 % of patients were older than 60 and there was a male predominance (65%). Activated B-cell phenotype (ABC) was present in 57% of patients. Clinically, 62% presented ECOG >1, 52% had elevated serum LDH, 57% had B symptoms, 67% had an extranodal disease and 55% had stage III/IV. IPI score distribution was low-risk in 28% of patients, low-intermediate in 16%, high-intermediate in 30% and high-risk in 26% of patients. The Oyama score distribution was low risk in 20 % of patients, intermediate risk 45 % and high risk in 35% of patients. NCCN-IPI score distribution was low-risk in 5% of patients, low-intermediate in 25%, high-intermediate in 42% and high-risk in 28% of patients. 51% of patients received R-CHOP, 29% received CHOP, and 20% received other regimens. The overall response rate was 56%; 44% had a complete response and 12% had a partial response. The 5-year OS rate was 38% with a median of 9 months. In the univariate analysis, ECOG 2-4 (p=0.001), stage III/IV (p=0.001), CHOP and others regimens (p=0.025) were associated with a poor prognosis. EBV+ DLBCL, NOS patients with low, low-intermediate, high-intermediate and high-risk IPI had 5-year OS rates of 47%, 66%, 29% and 27%, respectively (p=0.006). In the NCCN-IPI score, EBV+ DLBCL, NOS patients with low/ low-intermediate, high-intermediate and high-risk had 5-year OS rates of 55%, 41%, 21%, respectively (p=0.014). In the Oyama score, EBV+ DLBCL, NOS patients with low, intermediate and high-risk had 5-year OS rates of 68%, 47%, 27%, respectively (p=0.004) In the multivariate analysis, patients with stage III/IV had a worse outcome (HR 3.8, 95% 1.6-9.2; p=0.003). The IPI score (HR 2.6, 95%CI, 1.1-6.3), NCCN-IPI score (HR3.4, 95%CI, 1.3-8.6, and Oyama score (HR 6.8, 95%CI, 1.5-31.2) were significant in the high-risk group.
 Conclusions: This is the largest Latin American cohort with EBV positive DLBCL, NOS reported so far. This entity is an aggressive tumor with a worse prognosis. IPI, NCCN-IPI and Oyama score are good prognostic index models for this disease. Rituximab appears to improve OS.
 Figure. Figure.

 Castillo: Janssen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Millennium: Research Funding; Beigene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy; Abbvie: Consultancy, Research Funding.


This study is based on a survey1 conducted among the participants of Senior Course 96, which was held between February and July 2000 at the NATO Defence College. This course is organised every six months to provide strategic training for senior officials from the military and government branches of NATO and Partnership countries. Senior officials are selected from among those who are or will likely be working on NATO-related work either in their national services or at NATO headquarters.


The present study aimed to investigate the effect of micro-lecture teaching on non-English majors' academic achievements and learning motivation. One hundred and twenty-two non-English majors studying the college English course in North China Electric Power University participated in the study. The micro-lecture teaching and traditional PPT teaching were implemented in the two classes respectively. Statistical analysis showed a significant improvement in the academic achievements of the participants (t = 3.128, p < 0.05) between the pre and post measurements in favor of the post measurement. The results of the questionnaire survey undertaken in the experimental class showed that participants' learning motivations were improved. Accordingly, the researcher concluded that micro-lecture teaching was significantly effective in improving non-English majors' academic achievements and enhancing their learning motivation.


The electrical and physical properties of cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation are investigated in the temperature range of 20-160 degrees C. The tensile elongation at break, the tensile strength, the relative permittivity and volume resistivity are decreased by increasing the insulation temperature over its maximum operating temperature. The dissipation (or loss) factor is increased with increasing temperature over 90 degrees C.<<ETX>>


A commercial contract is intended to lead to the mutual satisfaction of both parties to that contract. If there is dissatisfaction and such dissatisfaction is caused by a breach of the contract, then, except in rare cases, the dissatisfied will seek a remedy—either a commercially agreed one or a formal remedy in damages—as a monetary expression of loss, but the extent of damages has the potential to cause dispute; how much money is it appropriate for the court to award? In considering this, we should bear in mind that it is often the case that the breach will arise because the party, although having the capability to fulfil its obligation, notes that at the time of discharge there are changed economic circumstances which offer more lucrative returns, and it has been tempted into breach in order to obtain greater economic benefit. There is a very important debate among academics and jurists as to the way that such a default should be viewed. When considering the benefit and utility of breach in preference to performance, the "breaching" party needs to know the extent of likely damages; likewise, the "non-breaching" party needs to know its entitlement to redress. Quantifying the amount of damages has concentrated minds through the ages and in all countries, and the task is not an easy one. We propose to consider the issues related to limiting damages from the perspective of two of the legal regimes found in two commercially sophisticated countries: Japan and England & Wales.


Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-based cognitive wireless networks can improve the spectral efficiency to utilize the vacant spectrum resource and exploit the power domain diversity. In this paper, we formulate a max-min resource allocation problem for video traffic in NOMA-based cognitive wireless networks as a mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP) problem. The max-min video transmission problem is subject to the constraints of maximum accessed user number at each subchannel, total available energy of each secondary user, video encoding characteristics, and interference power threshold. To solve the formulated MINLP problem, we divide it into two subproblems, i.e., a power allocation and secondary user scheduling subproblem, and a video packet scheduling subproblem. First, we apply a successive convex approximation to transform the joint power allocation and secondary user scheduling subproblem into a bi-convex programming problem. Second, the binary search and dual decomposition methods are combined to obtain the approximated optimal power allocation and secondary user scheduling solutions. Finally, we propose a heuristic packet scheduling algorithm. Simulation numerical results show that the proposed algorithm improves the video quality and guarantees the fairness among different secondary users.


This chapter introduces different theoretical approaches to negotiation and provides an explanation of these differing frameworks. While the action of a negotiation centres on the background research undertaken and what happens at the negotiation table, there is a need to know what principles and assumptions are informing these activities. Theories offer a way of understanding the underlying structures, processes and relationships of negotiation. Further, negotiation theories also assist with focusing attention on the 'basis of the bargain' and provide a standpoint from which to judge offers and counter-offers during the
negotiation.