The current OWC (COWC) and paleo-OWC (POWC) in CIII reservoir in Tazhong-4 oilfield are found in buried depth of 2 510m and 2 610m, respectively, and the latter is horizontal in occurrence. The late faulting activity resulted in upward migration of crude oil in CIII reservoir, accumulation in CI and CII reservoirs, causing the POWC in CIII reservoir raising of 100m. If CIII reservoir was formed in Late Permian and modified after Permian, a tilted or irregular POWC should exist due to tectonic movement and varied trap shapes. Therefore, when using oil-gas-water contact variation to determine petroleum accumulation period, the assumption that according to back-stripping analysis, make inverse calculation the paleo-burial depth of COWC in each well, and take the time of the paleo-burial depth with re-exhibited horizontal form of OWC as the petroleum accumulation period is unrealistic or wrong. It is impossibly so coincident that original OWC will re-exhibit a horizontal form in late period after long-term geological evolution, especially under the condition of trap shape changes. From the geologic records, POWC is generally in tilted and even irregular forms. The correct method should be to identify POWC firstly, and then make determination of the related petroleum accumulation period, based on the time of earlier horizontal form of POWC.


This randomized, dual‐center study compared the efficacy and safety of piperacillin‐tazobactam (PTZ) and imipenem‐cilastatin (IMP) in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients with febrile neutropenia. HSCT recipients with febrile neutropenia were randomized into two groups receiving either PTZ or IMP as initial empiric antibiotic. Endpoints were defervescence rate after empiric antibiotic for 48 h, success at end of therapy, and side effects. Defervescence within 48 h after empiric antibiotic was observed in 46 patients with PTZ (75.4%) and 59 patients with IMP (95.2%) (p = 0.002). Ten patients (10/46) in the PTZ group and two patients (2/59) in the IMP group switched empiric antibiotics due to recurrent fever (p = 0.005). Success of initial antibiotic with modification was achieved in 34 patients with PTZ (55.7%) and 53 patients with IMP (85.5%) at the end of therapy (p = 0.001). To treat the bacteremia, seven of 10 patients in the PTZ group and one of eight patients in the IMP group needed to switch the empiric antibiotic (p = 0.025). Compared with PTZ, IMP had more gastrointestinal adverse events (p = 0.045). This study demonstrates that IMP had better efficacy than PTZ as an empiric antibiotic for febrile neutropenia in the HSCT setting, but with more gastrointestinal side reactions.


In this article, the role of the World Customs Organization (WCO) in the implementation of the Trade Facilitation Agreement (the Agreement, TFA) is examined as an important element in the current multilateral regulation of the international trading system. Based on an article-by-article analysis of the Agreement and the WCO Kyoto Convention, as well as an assessment of the potential and actual impact of the WCO instruments on its implementation, the author finds that there are no methods, nor a system of indicators, to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of such work, or the measures taken. The key to achieving a qualitative shift in the implementation of the Agreement is a detailed diagnosis of the state of affairs in developing and least developed countries and the specification and digitalization of data on the priority areas, the amounts and timing of all types of assistance, and the support provided to them. In conclusion, the importance of adequate self-assessment by countries of their readiness to implement the Agreement, the relevance of developing the necessary capacity to implement the Agreement, and bilateral and multilateral cooperation with donors is justified. Proposals for improving the work of the WCO and the WTO to ensure timely implementation of the Agreement are formulated.


The Garden Banks 388 field development is centred around a Floating Production Facility (FPF) which is permanently moored over a 24 slot drilling and production template. This paper describes the production system concept, management style and philosophy which have been employed to develop Garden Banks 388. The paper also discusses why the FPF is considered the best alternative for this particular application. Many of the ideas and strategies used in this project can be applied to any project, whether it be deepwater or more conventional types of projects.


In this paper, we consider the problem of scheduling a number of jobs on a number of unrelated parallel machines in order to minimize the makespan. We develop two heuristic approaches, i.e. a genetic algorithm and a tabu search algorithm and the hybridization of these heuristics with a truncated branch-and-bound procedure. This hybridization is made in order to accelerate the search process to near-optimal solutions. The branch-and-bound procedure will check whether the solutions obtained by the meta-heuristics can be scheduled within a tight upper bound. We compare the performances of these heuristics on standard data sets available in the literature. Moreover, the influence of the different heuristic parameters is examined as well. The computational experiments reveal that the hybrid heuristics are (almost) able to compete with the best known results from the literature.


This work evaluated the effects of residual herbicides, applied in crop pre-emergence, on the reduction of Alexander grass (Urochloa plantaginea) infestation in the common bean. Two field experiments were conducted at Eldorado do Sul, RS/Brazil: one using the bean cultivar UFT-06 (Red group), and the other using IPR Grauna (Black group). The experiments were arranged in a randomized block design, with four replicates, and the treatments consisted of four herbicides, at two rates (kg i.a. ha-1), as follows: pendimethalin and trifluralin (1.2 and 1.4), and s metolachlor and dimethenamid (1.4 and 1.6). Control and shoot mass of Alexander grass were assessed at 20 and 40 days after crop emergence, which includes the critical period of weed interference. All residual herbicides reduced Alexander grass infestation during this period, and the best weed control was obtained with trifluralin herbicide in both experiments. To successfully reduce Alexander grass infestation with residual herbicides, weed management actions must be taken during common bean post-emergence.


We conducted objective observations and compared the crushing effects of engineered energy caused by laser radiation according to the irradiation distance to the target as well as the irradiation direction. Observations were carried out in a water bath and the behavior from bubble formation to collapse was observed with a high-speed video camera synchronized with the impact at bubble collapse. Observations of the behavior and impact energy of induced bubbles in the vicinity of the wall clearly indicated that there is an optimal irradiation distance from the target and that it differs depending on the irradiation direction. Experiments were carried out with fibers placed parallel or perpendicular to the solid wall surface. We found that the acquisition of effective energy by laser irradiation has different characteristics depending on the irradiation direction and irradiation environment, and that it is possible to acquire effective energy and avoid influencing the peripheral tissues by adapting the irradiation style to various situations.


The development of ammunition loading technology plays a vital role in the improvement of my country's national defense construction level. Compared with the traditional charge, the modular charge has the advantages of high interchangeability and modularity, and can realize the rapid filling of the charge. However, for the application of modular charging technology, when building unit modules, it is still necessary to manually teach the charging target point, and the modular charging technology has the disadvantage of being difficult to adapt to flexibility. Therefore, in the face of the diversity of ammunition, modular charge is not conducive to the rapid and efficient production of ammunition. The current automation technology is difficult to improve the flexible adaptability of modular charge. Aiming at the disadvantages of modular charging technology, a modular flexible charging system based on digital twin is proposed, including the construction of virtual charging workstation, key point identification, automatic trajectory generation and automatic robot program generation. The system greatly improves the production efficiency of modular charge, provides a reference for the research of modular flexible charge, and improves the digital manufacturing level of ammunition production.


Nigel P. Barker1 (National Herbarium of New South Wales, Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, Mrs Macquaries Road, Sydney, NSW, Australia 2000. 1Present address: Dept. Botany, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown, 6140, South Africa; email: email@example.com) 1997. The relationships of Amphipogon, Elytrophorus and Cyperochloa (Poaceae) as suggested by rbcL sequence data. Telopea 7(3): 205–213. The phylogenetic affinities of Amphipogon, Elytrophorus and Cyperochloa are elucidated using DNA sequence data from the chloroplast rbcL gene. All three genera were previously considered to belong to the subfamily Arundinoideae tribe Arundineae. However, cladistic analysis of rbcL sequence data obtained in this study suggests that Cyperochloa has no affinities with the Arundinoideae, and that Amphipogon and Elytrophorus have affinities with the Arundineae sensu stricto, but not the Danthonieae.


Objective To explore the association of HLA-DRB1 alleles with genetic susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Hart people in Shandong province.Methods Blood samples were collected from 42 SLE patients and 98 healthy controls for PCR and hybridization.Then,Luminex~(100) fluoroanalyzer was used to analyze the distribution of HLA-DRBI alleles.Results Twelve kinds of HLA-DRB1 alleles were found in SLE specimens,and 13 in the control specimens.HLA-DRB1*07 alleles had significantly positive association with SLE (χ~2=9.643,P=0.002,Pc=0.028,RR=2.728,EF= 0.204).HLA-DRB1*15 alleles also positively associated with SLE (χ~2=4.059,P=0.044,Pc=0.0618, RR=1.84).Conclusion HLA-DRB1*07 could possibly be the susceptibility genes for SLE in Han people in Shandong province.


With increasing of load in wireless sensor network, congestion will make network performance worse quickly. Network performance will be improved by introducing based on single-hop flow control mechanism for wireless sensor network, in which the former hop nodes of congestion nodes adjust flow to control flow rate coming into congestion nodes. In addition, this mechanism can keep the balance of rate between inflow and outflow in congestion nodes.


Summary:  Purpose: We recently observed inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) expression and decreased Cu, Zn‐superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn‐SOD) activities in the hippocampus of epileptic mutant EL mice at the age of 30 weeks. In addition, the immediate early gene (IEG) c‐fos is unusually expressed in the interictal period, suggesting activation of protein cascades associated with the epileptogenesis. Furthermore, DNA fragmentation has been detected preferentially in the hippocampus CA1 and the parietal cortex of EL mouse brain. It remains to be seen, however, how these abnormalities are related to the DNA fragmentation, and whether neuronal cell loss is involved. The present study was designed to address these issues.


Many real estate mortgage loans are predicated upon the security afforded by rental obligations of tenants under so-called credit leases. In this type of transaction it is requisite that the lender obtain a proper assignment of the lessor's interest in the leases. The lender is also concerned with the form and substantive provisions of the leases themselves. Unfortunately, in most cases, the leases have already been negotiated and executed before they are reviewed by the mortgage lender. Frequently the mortgage lender is dissatisfied with leases which are submitted to its counsel. Since this discussion


With the global increase in the demand for plant derived medicine, there is a need to ensure the quality of the herbal drugs. Plants are a complex mixture of a variety of chemical constituents that can vary considerably depending on genetic and environmental factors, method of cultivation, time of collection, post-harvest processing, etc. This inherent variability in the chemistry may adversely affect the efficacy of medicinal plants. Hence it is a pre-requisite to ensure that the plants used for therapy or for research purposes are of a quality that gives the desired efficacy and that the quality is maintained at each re-collection of the plant materials. To meet this requirement it is essential to establish qualitative and quantitative chemoprofiles of the samples.


Effects of plant hormones were examined on the dark- and light-induced movements of Cassia fasciculata. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA3) and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) inhibited the scotonastic movement whereas abscisic acid (ABA) enhanced it. After brief treatments (5 to 30 min), the ABA effect was inhibitory rather than promotional. Hormonal treatment in the acidic range gave the best physiological response for ABA, but the greatest efficiency of IAA, GA3 and 6-BAP was obtained with pH values close to neutrality. Three to 5 h were needed before expression of the physiological effect triggered by GA3 and 6 BAP, while 5 min treatments were sufficient for IAA and ABA. Light-induced movements were largely enhanced by IAA and slightly by GA3 but inhibited by 6-BAP and ABA. The results are discussed in relation to the ionic changes in the pulvinar motor cells, regulating leaflet movements.


Lapor.go.id is a website to aspirate and complaints were easily accessible and integrated in order to increase community participation in monitoring programs and the performance of the government to implementation of public development and services. This research was descriptive quantitative approach using WEBQUAL dimensions namely usability, information, and service interaction that were assessed based on the perspective of performance and importance. Besides that, this research was conducted to investigate the user satisfaction on the website's performances. Based on the research result shows that users are satisfied with the website's performance with the satisfaction index value of 73.02%. Beside that, It is known that the website's attributes of poorly performing and need to be improved are attributes related to the website's interfaces, website's competency, updated informations, detailed informations, and information that is easily understood.


The Authority was asked for data on the outcomes of donors aged under 25 and information on the stimulatory drug and the ovulation trigger drug used during each treatment, as well as the Recipient βhCG.


Influence of retention systems and shear forces on drainage time and air permeability of handsheets prepared from a furnish of recovered fibres containing 10% enzymatically modified sugar beet pulp has been investigated. Addition of cationic coagulant neutralised the anionic soluble and colloidal particles present in suspensions and increased the effect of retention aids. Aluminium sulphate was more effective in the elimination of the negative effect of enzymatically modified sugar beet pulp and shortened the drainage time more then PDADMAC. The cationic coagulant aluminium sulphate, in a retention system with a cationic and anionic polyacrylamide flocculant, shortened drainage time of recovered fibres and enzymatically modified sugar beet pulp mixture by a factor of 3.3, increased air permeability by 88% and, in comparison with PDADMAC, improved the formation of handsheets. The retention system containing aluminium sulphate, cationic and anionic polyacrylamide flocculant was most effective with regard to drainage time and air permeability if shear forces were acting. The retention system containing an inorganic anionic flocculant based on modified bentonite or colloidal silica was equally effective, but the effect was reduced by shear forces. Best formation of handsheets was achieved by the application of a retention system consisting of aluminium sulphate, cationic polyacrylamide and anionic colloidal silica. These results should provide good initial guidance whenever the addition of a pulp with high anionic charge and high level of fines is being considered.


The morphology of small Pd clusters on SiO2, TiO2, and Al2O3and the influence of CO and the reaction mixture CO + O2on their fine structure have been investigated by TEM and EXAFS. For all supports, Pd particles have a quite narrow size distribution with mean diameters in the range 15–25 A, whereas their morphology and spatial homogeneity of location on the support are different. EXAFS data acquired in controlled-atmosphere cells have shown distortion of Pd surface layers to depend upon the nature of the support and/or the adsorbate. Disordering of Pd surface structure suggests appearance of the defect centers of CO and oxygen adsorption.


Contributions of Father Involvement in Family Leisure to Family Functioning Lydia Buswell Department of Recreation Management and Youth Leadership Master of Science The purpose of this study was to examine to the contribution of fathers' involvement in family leisure to aspects of family functioning. The sample consisted of 647 families of fathers and a youth from throughout the United States. The Family Leisure Activity Profile (FLAP) was used to measure family leisure involvement. FACES II was used to measure family functioning. Results from the father and youth perspective indicated significant relationships between father involvement in both core and balance family leisure to various aspects of family functioning. Core family leisure involvement was the only family leisure involvement variable related to family adaptability from the youth perspective. From both the father and youth perspective, core family leisure satisfaction was the single strongest predictor of all aspects of family functioning. Findings provide implications for fathers, families, scholars, professionals, and policy makers.


Plasma instabilities (e.g., Buneman, Weibel, and other two-stream instabilities) created in collisionless shocks may be responsible for particle (electron, positron, and ion) acceleration. Using a three-dimensional relativistic electromagnetic particle code, we have investigated long-term particle acceleration associated with relativistic electron-ion or electron-positron jet fronts propagating into an unmagnetized ambient electron-ion or electron-positron plasma. These simulations have been performed with a longer simulation system than our previous simulations in order to investigate the nonlinear stage of the Weibel instability and its particle acceleration mechanism. The current channels generated by the Weibel instability are surrounded by toroidal magnetic fields and radial electric fields. This radial electric field is quasi stationary and accelerates particles that are then deflected by the magnetic field. Whether particles are accelerated or decelerated along the jet propagation direction depends on the velocity of particles and the sign of × in the moving frame of each particle. For the electron-ion case the large-scale current channels generated by the ion Weibel instability lead to more acceleration near the jet head. Consequently, the accelerated jet electrons in the electron-ion jet have a significant hump above a thermal distribution. However, in the electron-positron case, accelerated jet electrons have a smoother, nearly thermal distribution. In the electron-positron case, initial acceleration occurs as current channels form and then continues at a much lesser rate as the current channels and corresponding toroidal magnetic fields generated by the Weibel instability dissipate.


Results of daily observations of the flux of nine pulsars made with a large phased-array at 74 MHz from January 24, 1989 for 400 d are presented. Modulation indices and time scales are estimated for the variations. The results are only in partial agreement with the variability expected from refractive interstellar scintillation. The observed modulation indices are above the expectations from a simple Kolmogorov model of interstellar plasma turbulence, particularly for the nearby pulsars with only moderate levels of scattering. These results are in reasonable agreement with earlier observations, but disagree with recent measurements at 610 MHz by Kaspi & Stinebring (1992). A tentative explanation is proposed in terms of a Kolmogorov spectral model with an inner scale cutoff, in which there is an inverse relation between inner scale and local strength of turbulence.


Simple Summary Eurasian wild boars (Sus scrofa) are species of interest to continuously study and monitor diseases due to their abundance, consumption, and their role as zoonotic disease reservoirs. To the authors' knowledge, there is a lack of health assessments in this particular area of Spain, which represented an opportunity for this assessment. This study aims to report and interpret some histopathological findings (from the lung, liver, and kidney) in wild boars from different areas of Castile and León (Spain) to evaluate the health status of this population. Parasitic pneumonia (34.7%) in the lungs and cellular alterations (33.3%) in the liver are some of the most common and relevant lesions found. Further research and other diagnostic tests are needed to have definitive diagnoses or to estimate zoonotic disease prevalence. Abstract Wild boars are wild ungulates with a wide distribution in Europe, with a relevant role in wildlife and public health. In Spain, high (and sometimes artificial) densities of wild boars are responsible for several health problems. Regular surveys, with hunters' collaboration, are crucial to monitor these diseases. Histological analyses were performed for lung, liver, and kidneys from 72 wild boars (58 from Zamora, 16 from Palencia). Lungs were the most affected organs, mainly revealing parasitic pneumonia (34.7%). Hydropic, vacuolar, and other cellular changes (33.3%) and congestion (16.7%) were found in the liver, and only 30.6% of the wild boars presented no alterations in this organ. Regarding the kidney, non-purulent nephritis (22.2%) was the most common lesion. This study gives an overview of the health status of wild boar populations in Castile and León. Other laboratory analyses are needed to obtain definitive diagnoses of these lesions, reach other conclusions, or apply any mitigation strategies to protect animals' or consumers' health.


Primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma (PIOSCC) is a rarely reported neoplasm resulting from malignant transformation of a dentigerous cyst of the mandible or maxilla. Until 2010, only 116 cases had been described. The diagnosis of PIOSCC is difficult because of non-specific symptoms. A case of a 66-year-old patient with PIOSCC arising from a dentigerous cyst of the mandible is presented. Both pathologists and clinicians should be aware of the probability of malignant transformation of dentigerous cysts during the two-stage treatment. The patient should be subject to regular clinical and radiographic examination.


Seeing Lithics represents a doctoral thesis submitted to Harvard University by Gilbert Tostevin in 2000. Tostevin is currently a professor of Anthropology at the University of Minnesota and has written extensively on human evolution, lithic technology, Old World archaeology, and Palaeolithic archaeology. These interests can be clearly seen in this book which develops a new theoretical and analytical approach to the study of cultural transmission in the Middle - Upper Palaeolithic transition.


In this paper, we present the results of research on the strategic aspects in the business applicability of vendor-managed inventory (VMI) for the supply chain. Given that companies' logistical challenges are related to the supply chain, management, planning, and control of the supply chain, the qualitative research performed by collecting data from ten customers of national distributors allowed the results obtained to point out the effectiveness of systemic resources in the supply chain of a company in the aftermarket. We describe comprehensively the competitive levels and environments in which the company operates and point out the heightened importance of planning the implementation of vendor-managed inventory to alleviate the cultural obstacles existing in information, thus avoiding barriers to the effectiveness of information exchange and to the efficiency of its results.


To accelerate the production of crop, ICAR has started FLD programme through KVK. Latest recommended package of practices are demonstrated on farmers field under direct supervision of extension educationist / scientist. With a view to know the follow up action and feedback regarding FLD on Kharif groundnut production technology by KVK was under taken. Four villages in Deesa taluka where FLDs on groundnut crop were selected purposively. A total of 70 beneficiary farmers were randomly selected from these four villages. The major follow up action taken by KVK was visit to FLD (100%), but less action carried out for organization of FLD meeting (2.86%) on farmers field. On the other hand the major follow up actions taken by beneficiary farmers were liaison with KVK after FLD and increase area under groundnut (100%), which indicate the accomplishment of FLD process. The feedbacks of the beneficiary farmers were more regarding visit to KVK after the FLD (100%) and 82.85 per cent for contact withs programme coordinator of KVK. The major reason of visit to KVK were gaining the information of improved varieties of various crops (85.71%) with ranked first.


Mean-Shift tracking using hue has a problem that it fail in the object tracking when background has similar hue to the object. This paper proposes an improved Mean-Shift tracking algorithm using new data instead of a hue. The new data is generated by adaptive mixture of hue and saturation which have low interrelationship . That is, the proposed algorithm selects a main attribute of color that is able to distinguish the object and background well and a secondary one which don't, and places their upper 4 bits on upper 4 bits and lower 4 bits on the mixture data, respectively. The proposed algorithm properly tracks the object, keeping tracking error maximum 2.0~4.2 pixel and average 0.49~1.82 pixel, by selecting the saturation as the main attribute of color under tracking environment that background has similar hue to the object.


In this paper we will deal with the reasons why Darknet has become safe haven for violent extremists and all those who want to protect their activities from the looks of others. In this paper, we will primarily be interested in those who use this Darknet protection to deal with illegal activities such as organized crime, violent extremism, terrorism, radicalization, etc. But to be able to devote the analysis of abuse to Darknet we must first understand how the Darknet works, this article should serve as guidance. After that, we will point out problems related to the control of Darknet's work, especially those that are technology-related. Then we will analyse the existing legal norm available to members of the security system for legitimate: monitoring, interception and analysis of the Darknet. The concluding analysis of the paper deals with the collection and processing of digital evidence in order to prevent and persecute perpetrators of criminal offenses.


Meetings such as ADASS demonstrate that there is an enthusiasm for communication within the astronomical software community. However, the amount of information and experience that can flow around in the course of one, relatively short, meeting is really quite limited. Ideally, these meetings should be just a part of a much greater, continuous exchange of knowledge. In practice, with some notable - but often short-lived - exceptions, we generally fall short of that ideal. Keeping track of what is being used, where, and how successfully, can be a challenge. A variety of new technologies such as those roughly classed as 'Web 2.0' are now available, and getting information to flow ought to be getting simpler, but somehow it seems harder to find the time to keep that information current. This paper looks at some of the ways we communicate, used to communicate, have failed to communicate, no longer communicate, and perhaps could communicate better. It is presented in the hope of stimulating additional discussion - and possibly even a little action - aimed at improving the current situation.


1. A method for selecting all or part of the sample (11) of biological material (7), untreated enriched or cultured in contact with the nutrient medium (8) may agar medium using a probe (3) provided with tip (4), said selection method comprises the steps of: - cooling of the tip (4) of the probe (3), - sticking the whole or part of the sample (11) of biological material (7) to be away, by contact of the tip (4) with the sample (11) of biological material (7 ) or by application of pressure exerted Nakonechniy th (4) to the sample (11) of biological material (7), u selection of all or part of the sample (11) of biological material (7) so as to separate the sample (11) of biological material (7) from its substrate, such as a nutrient medium (8) .2. A method according to claim selection. 1, wherein prior to the tip (4) .3 sticking step, a step of wetting the tip (4) of the probe (3) in a liquid solution (12) to form an ice layer (13). selection process according to one of claims. 1 and 2, wherein before the step of adhering withdrawn sample (11) of biological material (7) coated with a liquid solution (12) to form a layer of ice (13) around the sample (11) in step adhering all or a portion of said sample (11) to the tip (4) of the probe (3) .4. according to claim selection method. 2, wherein the liquid solution (12) is selected from the group consisting of water, saline, buffer solution, a liquid medium or matrix, typically used to ionize the sample (11) of biological material (7) to its analysis a measuring device such as mass spektrometr.5. A method according to claim selection. 2, wherein the step of wetting the tip (4) of the probe (3) or the bleed sample (11


[Objective] The aim was to discuss the inhibitory activities of ethanol extracts from 8 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine against 5 phytopathogens.[Method] 8 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine were extracted with 95% ethanol and the plate growth rate method was used to determined the inhibitory activities of ethanol extracts from Chinese herbal medicine against 5 phytopathogens including Erwinia carotovora,Fusarium moniliforme,Exserohilum turcicum,Biploaris maydis and Rhizoctonia solani.The effect of pH value on the inhibitory action of Eugenia caryophyllata extract was studied and its minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) was confirmed.[Result] Those ethanol extracts from 8 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine nearly all had obvious inhibitory activities against the 5 kinds of phytopathogens,except Asarum heterotropoides against E.carotovora,Astragalus membranaceus Bunge against B.maydis and R.solani and Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb against R.solani,in which,the extract of E.caryophyllata got highest inhibitory activities against 5 phytopathogens,with all the inhibitory rate of 100%.The MICs of the extract of E.caryophyllata for 5 kinds of phytopathogens differed greatly and it could exhibit its inhibitory activities in a wide range of pH values.[Conclusion] The test result laid the foundation for developing the Chinese herbal medicine as the plant pesticide for controlling the plant disease.


The invention relates to a circuit selectable substrate and a crystal-covering connection structure. The substrate comprises a substrate body, at least one substrate solder pad, a first conductive path line and a second conductive path line. The substrate body is provided with a surface; the substrate solder pad is positioned on the surface of the substrate body; the first conducive path line is connected to a first circuit and is provided with a first interrupt area, so that the first conductive path line forms a discontinuous segment; the second conductive path line is connected to a second circuit, and is provided with a second interrupt area, so that the second conducive path line forms a discontinuous segment; and the first and second conductive path lines are connected to the same substrate solder pad. Therefore, the circuit selectable substrate can select to switch on different circuits, so the substrate can match different products to selectively switch on required circuits so as to reduce manufacturing cost.


Only metal detection in railway tracks to indicate the movement of train is not sufficient. The sensors present in the railway tracks can detect any metal object, be it a train or mere a coin. Thus, in order to make the working more foolproof, introduction of another parameter, i.e., weight on the railway track is necessary. This paper describes an approach to collaborate metal detection with weight detection in railway tracks to detect the train movement using the principle of IoT, using the load cells along with the metal sensors.


ABSTRACT This article provides a reflection on the jihadist threat, the policies and actors that deal with this threat and the impact of jihadism and counterterrorism in Western Europe in the past twenty years. It describes how the threat, counterterrorism policies and their impact have developed over time and demonstrates how threat perceptions in society and the political arena have not always been aligned with the actual threat. There have been periods of disbalance between the threat and responses to it, leading to both overreactions and inflated threat descriptions and fear levels, as well as periods with limited attention that might have contributed to unpleasant surprises at a later stage. Against this backdrop, the article criticises the incident-driven approach to counterterrorism and warns against both overreactions as well as 'jihadism fatigue'.


Abstract : Table of Contents: Physics of Convection--The History and Physics of Buoyancy in Fluids, Small Nondissipative Motions and the Anelastic Approximation, Convective Equilibrium and the Warm-Up Problem, Quasianelasticity, Dissipative Boussinesq Dynamics, Convection on Very Large Horizontal Scales; Mildly Boussinesq Convection with Fixed Flux; Double Convection, Reconstitution Method for a Simple Example and the Long Buoyancy Wave, Long Bouyancy Waves and Solar Variability, A Geometrical View of Dynamical Systems, and Seminars and Abstracts of Seminars.


With the global climate change and impact of human activities on water resources, ecological security problems of water have attracted increasing attention. Based on investigation and study of ecological security situation of water resources in Shandong province, many problems are found out. For example, deteriorating water quality, excessive exploitation of groundwater, serious intrusion of sea water, draught-up of some river sections, soil erosion, disordered development and utilization of water and low awareness of environmental protection, et al, which seriously affect the ecological security problems of water in Shandong. Thus, many countermeasures are putting forward to solve these problems, such as strengthening the water management and strictly controlling the water pollution; establishing the ecological compensation mechanism in the basin; formulating comprehensive plans and remediation project for basins; promoting publicity and reports on environmental protection, raising environmental awareness among the general public; carrying out ecological security survey and strengthening the ecological security mechanism of water, et al.


Absorption rates of dilute iodine vapor contained in air by aqueous mixtures of sodium hydroxide and boric acid were measured using a laminar liquid jet column absorber at 298 K. Absorption rates in this system are controlled by a series of complex reactions taking place in the liquid phase. The reaction rate constant of iodine hydrolysis in the aqueous phase was determined from the absorption rates observed under the conditions that the base-catalytic hydrolysis reaction of iodine can be considered to be irreversible and that other reactions can be neglected. The absorption rates calculated theoretically with the rate constant value obtained above were in good accordance with the whole experimental data observed for a wide range of experimental conditions.


Located at the westernmost tip of the Mediterranean, the Gibraltar Arc is a segment of the Alpine belt that exhibits peridotite massifs associated with high-grade crustal metamorphic units. The timing and mechanisms of exhumation of these crust–mantle associations are still debated in the Rif in Morocco as well as in the Betic Cordilleras in Spain. A structural, petrographic, and geochronological study (40Ar–39Ar method) is performed in the Beni Bousera region (Internal Rif) on the Upper Sebtides units that consist of Paleozoic basement and Permo-Triassic metasedimentary rocks. We point out that, in the metagreywackes, an early assemblage of K-feldspar, plagioclase, quartz, muscovite, biotite, and garnet, which is diagnostic of amphibolite facies metamorphism. By dating white mica porphyroclasts from this metamorphic assemblage, we provide the first evidence of internal Rif metamorphism of Triassic age. We assume that these crustal units belong to the ancient continental margin of the Western Tethys, and thus, we interpret this metamorphic event in the framework of a hyperextended margin that is coeval with the exhumation of the subcontinental mantle during the Upper Triassic. Afterward, these units underwent greenschist facies metamorphism during the Lower Miocene due to a thermal event related to the back-arc opening of the Alboran Basin. ∗Corresponding author. ISSN (electronic) : 1778-7025 https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/geoscience/ 194 Asmae El Bakili et al.


Any agent belonging to the class of loop diuretics. Loop diuretics block and inhibit the function of the sodium-potassium-chloride (Na+, K+, Cl-) cotransporter system in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, thereby inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium, potassium, and chloride ions. This leads to an increase in the excretion of sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, magnesium, ammonium and water.


Incited by Service computing and cloud computing an huge amount of services are emerged in the Internet. As a result, resource permissible data arise too big to be handled by already established techniques. Clustering along with Item based collaborative filtering has been proposed to reduce online execution time taken for processing services. Technically, these approaches sanction around two stages. In the first stage, services are divided among clusters. Each cluster has similar services. At the second stage, item based collaborative filtering algorithm is enforced on one of the cluster. Real Dataset collected from the programming web has been used to conduct several experiments.


The results of pot culture test showed that applying zeolite to dry soil at the dosage of 2~3g/kg could obviously promote the growth of tobacco plant,and increase the plant height by 8.6%~9.8%,accelerate the stem width by 3.9%~5.8%,increase the dry tobacco leaf weight by 5.4%~6.9% and the content of kalium in tobacco leaf by 0.81~1.83 percent,and decrease the content of chlorine by 0.07~0.12 percent.


Cholesterol was converted in nine steps into 4-thia-5β-cholestane in 36% overall yield. The final step involved the intramolecular addition of a thio-radical, generated photocatalytically from A-nor-3,5-secocholest-5-ene-3-thiol, to the double bond to give 4-thia-5β-cholestane stereospecifically. Another approach involved the intramolecular addition of a sulphenic acid, generated by pyrolysis of 3-t-butylsulphinyl-A-nor-3,5-secocholest-5-ene, to the double bond to give 4-thia-5β-cholestane 4α-oxide stereospecifically. Base-catalysed isomerisation of 4-thia-5β-cholestane 4,4-dioxide and 4-thia-5β-cholestane 4α-oxide gave 4-thia-5α-cholestane 4,4-dioxide and 4-thia-5α-cholestane 4α-oxide quantitatively, whereas 4-thia-5β-cholestane 4β-oxide gave a ca. 56 : 44 mixture of starting material and 4-thia-5α-cholestane 4β-oxide. Reduction of 4-thia-5α-cholestane 4β-oxide gave 4-thia-5α-cholestane. The oxides were configurationally stable at 190°, but underwent photocatalysed stereomutation at sulphur without concomitant isomerisation at C-5.


We explored the differences in the mechanics of elite ten-pin bowlers when performing under high-anxiety (HA) versus low-anxiety (LA) and when achieving strikes versus nonstrikes. Eleven right-handed elite bowlers bowled 10 shots in HA versus LA. The Mental Readiness Form-3 was used to assess the bowlers' self-confidence, and somatic and cognitive anxieties, between the HA versus LA conditions. Selected bowling kinematics were analysed from the start of the fourth step to ball release. Bowlers reported significantly higher somatic and cognitive anxiety under HA compared with LA. HA was accompanied by a 1.4% increase in peak velocity of the left foot slide and a trend toward a 1.7% increase in right shoulder peak flexion velocities at the start of slide regardless of strikes or nonstrikes. HA could have resulted in the bowlers rushing their shot.


The quality revolution and what it means to information services an information technology strategy for quality applying an information systems quality strategy business planning and IT planning - the quality links technology's role in quality improvement world-class application development applications that support quality in an enterprise applying quality practices to IT operations personnel practices in a quality world starting the implementation of quality making quality your management process.


This paper studies the design of the heat sinking in 6kV/2.5kW variable frequency drive system.Forced air cooling technology is applied in the drive system.Based on the calculation of power losses,the heat sinks are designed ac-cording to the relation between power losses and temperature rise.The scheme of air conduit is presented,which include:front air intake,sealed wind cavity and back air outtake.Each heat sink is joined into the close wind cavity separately.The experiment results show that the heat sinking is satisfied.


This paper presents a single frame algorithm for the spin-axis orientation-determination of spinning spacecraft that encounters no ambiguity problems, as well as a simple Kalman filter for continuously estimating the full attitude of a spinning spacecraft. The later algorithm is comprised of two low order decoupled Kalman filters; one estimates the spin axis orientation, and the other estimates the spin rate and the spin (phase) angle. The filters are ambiguity free and do not rely on the spacecraft dynamics. They were successfully tested using data obtained from one of the ST5 satellites.


Based on analysis of the nature of the steel rolling process,the commonly occurred faults are grouped into three levels,i.e.control-loop level,device-level and system-level.Key fault diagnosis methods are classified and reviewed in terms of their motivations,developments and application prospective.Meanwhile,it points out the fault diagnosis technique is tending to be more intelligent,systematic and integrated.The review ends with the authors' personal views of challenges and future directions for the development of fault diagnosis methods in the steel rolling process.


While for the design point operation of centrifugal pumps, where an essentially steady flow field is present and statistical turbulence models yield an appropriate prediction of the characteristics, the flow field gets increasingly unsteady towards off-design operation. Special designs as e.g. sewage pumps are characterised by a single-blade impeller and show significantly unsteady characteristics even in the design point. For such highly-unsteady and turbulent flow fields, sta- tistical models tend to fail. On the other hand, Large-Eddy Simulation models, where the large-vortex part of the turbulent spectrum is directly resolved, show a much better flow prediction. However, the spatial resolution and thus computational effort are too high for engineering real pump applications. Therefore, we provide an assessment of scale-adaptive turbulence simula- tion (SAS) models that recover a statistical flow solution in regions of low unsteadiness and – like Large-Eddy Simulation – resolve a part of the turbulent spectrum down to the available grid resolution for highly unsteady flow regions. After a thorough validation on standard turbulence test cases e.g. the periodic hill case, it is shown that with a moderately higher computational effort than statistical models, the SAS yields a considerable improvement of the prediction of the turbulence field in part load operation of a centrifugal pump while the mean flow field could be well predicted even with a well-established statistical model.


Abstract : The basic parameters influencing the design of liquid oxygen containers are considered and their design interrelation evaluated. Factors considered include materials, configuration, insulation, support members, instrumentation, valves, piping, weight, evaporation loss, and accessory items such as vacuum pumps and transfer hoses. Means for evaluating and optimizing the combination of the various factors are presented together with experimental work conducted in areas where information was lacking. Description of the design and construction of a liquid oxygen container together with the thermal test results on the container is included. (Author)


Anammox bacteria were enriched from conventional activated sludges by nitrification and denitrification pretreatment. The results show that Anammox bacteria have been enriched from both the nitrified sludge and denitrified sludge after 102 days. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis(FISH) showed that the Anammox bacteria were exactly in the enriched sludge. The average total nitrogen(TN) loading rates of the Anammox systems from the nitrified sludge and denitrified sludge reached 0.437 g/(g VSS·d) and 0.309 g/(g VSS·d), respectively, during the period of 153~161 day, with the corresponding average TN removal rates up to 71.4% and 34.3%, respectively. The Anammox process can be start-up successfully from nitrified sludge and also denitrified sludge, but nitrification is more efficient pretreatment of seed sludge to enrich anammox bacteria.


This study explores the social imaginaries influencing choices about the architectural design and standards for the 5G mobile network to identify how the network level of the communication infrastructure is implicated in the commercial datafication process. We focus on ambitions to establish global market leadership in the provision of the 5G infrastructure. Based on a multimethod analysis of documentation, press coverage, and a case study of 5G's radio access network standardization, the analysis provides insight into contradictions within a dominant digital innovation social imaginary that privileges national or regional economic 5G strategies and externalizes risks and threats around 5G networks to foreign actors (mainly China). It also shows how public values, including privacy and freedom from surveillance, as well as transparent public accountability, characteristics of an alternative social imaginary of digital innovation, are suppressed in the process of materializing a new communication infrastructure. infrastructure. We have examined 5G expectations and their materialization in relation to their alignment with a dominant social imaginary of digital innovation and an alternative imaginary favoring public values. Our analysis confirms the overarching expectation that 5G will promote innovative data economy services through the incorporation of AI and machine learning in the 5G network. In the West, beyond the expectation that 5G's virtualized architecture will be superior in opening up opportunities for revenue generating services, our analysis of features of OpenRAN standardization and equipment procurement strategies indicates how little consensus there is about the best way to address an externalized threat to data security that is positioned conveniently as originating with China or other non-Western "bad" actors. We have suggested that 5G materialization simultaneously intensifies commercial datafication and the potential for state surveillance within Western countries with the consequences for human rights protection in the West differing mainly in degree, but not in principle, from those in China (Werbach, 2022).


Objective To evaluate the effect of lacrimal obstruction treated with XH-YAG laser and "U" tube intubation.Methods 162 cases ( 186 eyes) of various types of lacrimal duct obstruction treated with XH-YAG laser combined with "U" silicone tube intubation.Results Punctum atresia in 3 eyes,3eyes cured; 24 were of obstruction of lacrimal canaliculus,among which 22 were cured and 2 were improved; 57 were of obstruction of main lacrimal common canaliculi,among which 48 were cured and 6 were improved,3 eyes were invalid; 63 were of obstruction of nasolacrimal duct,among which 51 were cured and 7 were improved,5 eyes were invalid; the lacrimal canalicular and lacrimal common canaliculi occlusion in 37 eyes,among which 26 were cured and 8 were improved,3 eyes were invalid; Lacrimal passages obstruction in 2 eyes,2 eyes were cured.The total cure rate was 81.72%.Conclusion XH-YAG laser combined with "U" silicone tube intubation in the treatment of lacrimal obstruction effect is good.

Key words:
Lacrimal duct; Obstruction; "U" silicone tube intubation; XH-YAG laser


The present text gives an overview of the European context of language education in the last quarter of the 20 th century and presents the main trends in the European language policy conducted by the Council of Europe and the European Union. The impact of the situation on the teaching profession and challenges posed by dynamic socio-political changes are then discussed as well as the support offered by enabling institutions such as the European Centre for Modern Languages in Graz. Open questions and controversies are also identified calling for future research. The text ends with a list of implications for the future of the profession as well as for pre- and in-service teacher education.


The results of statistic and analysis for teaching effect about 20 courses from 4 kinds of the Public Elective Courses at school of Life Science of Jianghan University in the first term 2000-2001 show that the medical students' average score at the special clinical lessons (C category) are high, but that at the special basic ones (B category) are low. Besides, for the teachng effect, there is a statistical remarkably difference between B category and A category (culture basic lessons), but no difference between C category, D categoy (human culture social science ) and B category.


This study aims to analyze the contribution of land and building tax (PBB) to the regional income (PAD) of Sumbawa Regency. This research is a descriptive study that aims to examine descriptively the contribution of PBB to the regional income of Sumbawa Regency in 2017-2021. The type of data used is quantitative data in the form of data on realization of land and building tax revenue, and or realization of total regional revenue for the Sumbawa Regency for 2017-2021 obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) for the Regency of Sumbawa in the form of documents and archives of the Financial Report of the Regional Government of the Sumbawa Regency for the year 2017-2021 which has been online published. The analysis technique used is percentage analysis as a comparison material between the target of PBB revenues and regional revenues with their realization so that the magnitude of the contribution of PBB to total Regional Revenue can be known. Based on the results of the research that has been conducted, it is known that the contribution of PBB to the regional income of Sumbawa Regency in 2017-2021 has fluctuated. The average contribution of PBB to the regional income of Sumbawa Regency for 2017-2021 is in the very low category. The level of contribution, which is always unstable every year, is due to the realization of PBB and the realization of PAD which are still fluctuating or fluctuating every year so that the criterion value for interpretation is always lacking.


On January 1st 1970 Book I of the New Civil Code of the Netherlands came into force1, and a notable rule disappeared from the Dutch private law scene: "The husband is the head of the matrimonial alliance." Only fourteen years earlier, in 19562, during the passage of the Act which abol ished the handelingsonbekwaamheid (legal incapacity) of the married woman, the old rule had been maintained due to a parliamentary amend ment.


Acinetobacter spp. have been increasing in significance in hospitals as colonizers and pathogens, especially of immunocompromised hosts, patients in intensive care units and those with serious underlying diseases (Bergogne-Berezin & Towner, 1996). Within the genus, organisms within the Acinetobacter baumannii complex are particularly significant as opportunistic pathogens. The A. baumannii complex includes genospecies 1, 2, 3 and 13, which can only be identified by amplified rDNA restriction analysis (Vaneechoutte et al., 1995), and of which genospecies 2 most commonly causes hospital infections (Bergogne-Berezin & Towner, 1996). Treatment of acinetobacter infections is often complicated by their resistance to multiple antibiotics. Although carbapenems have remained more active than other antimicrobial agents and resistance to this class of antibiotics is still rare, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp. have increased in prevalence during the past few years (Afzal-Shah & Livermore, 1998). These strains were initially reported to be carbapenem resistant due to a mechanism other than production of b-lactamases, but b-lactamase-mediated resistance is commonly detected in recent strains (Clark, 1996; Héritier et al., 2005). The first b-lactamase reported in carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii was ARI-1, now renamed OXA-23 (Donald et al., 2000).


The relationships between two alternative theories of gravity, the "physicalist", Electromagnetics based, "Polarisable Vaccuum" theory of Puthoff and Dicke, and Yilmaz's "phenomenological" variation of the General Theory of Relativity, are explored by virtue of a simple physical model based in the application of Newtonian mechanics to propagative systems. A particular virtue of the physical model is that, by introducing distributed source terms, it anticipates nonlocal relationships between observables within the framework of local realism.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present an alternative approach to studying religion in social studies classrooms through reframing. The authors encourage this reframing through the lens of citizenship and terror as a human experience.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a practitioner's piece and did not include research methodology or design.

Findings
This is a practitioner's piece and did not include any findings.

Practical implications
This paper presents practical approaches to examining religion in social studies classrooms through a comparison with citizenship and the lens of terror. The authors offer activities which current classroom teachers will be able to put into action immediately. In addition, the authors offer a detailed background for further study if teachers wish to learn more.

Social implications
This paper presents ways to study religion in the social studies and in the current fractured social environment the authors feel is needed. The authors wish to showcase how to examine a controversial issue in a reflective, respectful and honest fashion.

Originality/value
The authors present the idea of studying religion through the lens of terror while showcasing how it mirrors the requirements of citizenship. The authors believe that studying religion in this way in the social studies will help to demystify the topic and allow students to unpack religion as a topic in social studies.


The effects of the number of histogram bins on histogram-derived pulse parameters of step-like waveforms is examined. An empirical method for selecting the optimal number of bins is described.


The controllability and steady-state response of parallel-redundant flight control systems are examined. It is found that state components which appear in the parallel signal paths, e.g., individual actuator commands, are not controllable, although the sum of the command signals is well-behaved. If the response modes associated with these components are not stable, bias errors can cause the components to diverge, leading to the possibility of 'nuisance trips' in failure detection/isolation logic and eventual control system lockup (at saturation). Combining the inputs to the control computers assures that sensor bias will not cause divergence, while cross-strapping control strings bounds divergent response to all bias error inputs. Results of numerical solutions confirm the problem and its solutions.


China's children's literature in 1980s and 1990s witnessed great development and prosperity due to the joint forces of the following three factors: ① the inheritance of the traditional spirit advocated in children's literature during the May 4 Movement; ② the activation of writers' productivity as a result of the classification of children's literature into infancy literature, childhood literature and juvenile literature; ③ the promotion of the value of children's literature and the writers' humanistic responsibility by reconstructing human consciousness and moulding national characters of the future generations.


We present a scheme to significantly increase the energy of quasi-monoenergetic protons accelerated by a laser beam without increasing the input power. This improvement is accomplished by first irradiating the foil several wave periods with circular polarization and then switching the laser to linear polarization. The polarization switch increases the electron temperature and thereby moves more electrons ahead of the proton layer, resulting in a space charge electric field pushing the protons forwards. The scaling of the proton energy evolution with respect to the switching time is studied, and an optimal switching time is obtained. The proton energy for the case with optimal switching time can reach about 80 MeV with an input laser power of 70 TW, an improvement of more than 30% compared to the case without polarization switch.


Cellular Neuroscience
Neurons are remarkably polarized in that proteins made in the cytosol often need to travel many tens or hundreds of cell body lengths along axons to their sites of action in the synapse. Axonal transport of these components is driven by molecular motors along axonal microtubules. Guedes-Dias and Holzbaur review the cell biology of axonal transport and highlight the roles this fundamental process plays in organismal health.

Science , this issue p. [eaaw9997][1]

 [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aaw9997


This demonstration presents the MediAssist prototype system for organisation of personal digital photo collections based on contextual information, such as time and location of image capture, and content-based analysis, such as face detection and recognition. This metadata is used directly for identification of photos which match specified attributes, and also to create text surrogates for photos, allowing for text-based queries of photo collections without relying on manual annotation. MediAssist illustrates our research into digital photo management, showing how a combination of automatically extracted context and content-based information, together with user annotation and
traditional text indexing techniques, facilitates efficient searching of personal photo collections.


Purpose To identify the association between the choroidal thickness (ChT) with age and axial length (AL) under different refractive errors (REs) in Chinese adults. Methods Swept-source optical coherence tomography was used to measure ChT in 2126 right eyes of 2126 participants. The participants were classified as having pathologic myopia (PM), high myopia without PM (HM), low myopia (LM), and nonmyopia (non-M) according to their REs and META-PM (the Meta-Analysis of Pathologic Myopia) classification criteria. Results The mean age was 52.49 ± 20.39 years (range, 18−93 years), and the mean RE was −5.27 ± 5.37 diopters (D; range, −25.5 to +7.75 D). The mean average ChT was 159.25 ± 80.75 µm and decreased in a linear relationship from non-M to PM (190.04 ± 72.64 µm to 60.99 ± 37.58 µm, P < 0.001). A significant decline in ChT was noted between 50 and 70 years (r = −0.302, P < 0.001) and less rapidly after the age of 70 years (r = −0.105, P = 0.024). No correlation was noted between age and ChT under 50 years (P = 0.260). A significantly higher association with AL was noted in the central fovea (βHM = −23.92, βLM = −23.88, βNon-M = −18.80, all P < 0.001) and parafoveal ChT (βHM = −22.87, βLM = −22.31, βNon-M = −18.61, all P < 0.001) when compared with the perifoveal region (βHM = −19.80, βLM = −18.29, βNon-M = −13.95, all P < 0.001). Within each group of PM, HM, LM, and non-M, regression analysis showed that the coefficients of age and AL with different macular regions of ChT varied significantly. Conclusions ChT was negatively correlated with age after 50 years. The thinning of the choroid was more prominent in the center and parafoveal regions as AL increased. Varied distributions of ChT decrease associated with AL and age were noted among different refractive groups.


In the electrical automation control system,the reliability of the electrical automation control equipments is an important indicator for measuring whether the system and its equipments are qualified.In the article,the coal mine electrical automation control system and the equipments reliability are analyzed,the factors affecting the reliability of the electrical automation control equipments and the methods of improving the system reliability are summarized.


Although the achievement of political reform is the demand put forward on the political and societal arena in general, this concept is controversial for many, whether they are leaders, thinkers, or the masses. That is because its circumstances and motives are shrouded in ambiguity and there is a lot of division around them, which impedes the chances of achieving political reform. This study examines the nature of political reform and its theoretical and conceptual foundations in order to clarify these issues and remove the ambiguity surrounding the reform process advocated by peoples and states at the same time.


The attention to the opera of Inheritance from Remotely Antique Music was started from the book of the Selected Songs in Four Types of Romance of the Western Chamber Opern composed by Yang Yinliu(杨荫浏)and Cao An(曹安)in 1962.And then,Fu XueYi(傅雪漪)wrote Rare Opera Opern of Inheritance from Remotely Antique Music Lute Tune in 1984,and Zhen Zhuxiang(郑祖襄),writing Some questions on Inheritance from Remotely Antique Music Lute Opern in 1997,presented and studied further to Inheritance from Remotely Antique Music.They all thought this opera is an earlier data in remained Northern Opera,it has important function to study on the change of Yuan Dynasty Northen Opera in Ming and Qing Dynasties and also on the visage of northern opera since Yuan and Ming Dynasties.The paper will probe into the not-deeply-studied questions on art libretto and characteristics of writing opera in Romance of the Western Chamber Lute Tune in Inheritance from Remotely Antique Music.


The articles [11], [7], [13], [1], [14], [5], [6], [4], [9], [10], [15], [16], [12], [2], [3], and [8] provide the notation and terminology for this paper. Let us note that every lower bound lattice which is Heyting is also implicative and every lattice which is implicative is also upper-bounded. In the sequel T denotes a topological space and A, B denote subsets of the carrier of T. The following propositions are true: (1) A∩ Int(Ac∪B)⊆ B. (2) For every subset C of T such thatC is open andA∩C⊆ B holdsC⊆ Int(Ac∪B).


ABSTRACT The plates of an Fe–12%Mn–0.5%C–1.5%Al austenitic steel with an original grain size of 80 µm were subjected to friction stir welding using a spherical welding pin. The fine grained microstructures with a grain size being dependent on the welding feed speed were evolved in the stir zones. The microstructure evolution in the stir zone resulted from a kind of post-dynamic recrystallisation. An increase in the welding pin motion along the seam favoured remaining the fine grained microstructure in the stir zone behind the pin. Therefore, an increase in the welding feed rate resulted in a decrease in the mean grain size and an increase in the dislocation density in the stir zone. A unique power law relationship with a grain size exponent of about −0.5 between the grain size and the dislocation density was observed. Almost linear correlation between the grain size and dislocation strengthening enables one using a Hall–Petch-type equation to predict the yield strength, which exceeded 500 MPa in the stir zone.


The purpose of this chapter is to present survey findings on the important contributions by civil society groups and organizations involved in tourism in Kenya. This seeks to make them more understood and make a case for their involvement in efforts towards revival of tourism post COVID-19. The research objectives are to investigate contributions of these groups to tourism in Kenya as well as investigate challenges they face. The methodology used is largely qualitative whereby a survey of key informants was carried out. This allowed the researcher to be familiarized with the issues at hand. A semi-structured interview guide was developed that was pretested with four key informants. Key informants included a wide variety of stakeholders in tourism including tour guides, small restaurants owners, travel agency owners, farmers, local chiefs, women, and youth groups. Findings show the contributions of these groups including provisions of unique experiences for tourists as well as challenges experienced including poor road network. The conclusion shows that even as government and other stakeholders engage them post COVID-19, they need to pay attention to their challenges and support them so that they can make greater contributions in the sector.


A method for the global vector-field reconstruction of nonlinear dynamical systems from a time series is studied in this paper. It employs a complete set of polynomials and singular value decomposition (SVD) to estimate a standard function which is central to the algorithm. Lyapunov exponents and dimension, calculated from the differential equations of a standard system, are used for the validation of the reconstruction. The algorithm is proven to be practical by applying it to a Rossler system.


In recent years there has been increased public interest in forensic science and its role in criminal investigations. This is demonstrated by the number of television programmes, magazine and newspaper articles devoted to the subject, and this public and media interest has escalated with the recent introduction of genetic profiling technology. A direct result of this interest has been increased pressure upon governments to award more extensive powers of investigation to police as irrespective of other considerations the usefulness of scientific methods of identification is dependent upon the powers given to police to make relevant examinations of suspects and to take suitable samples for analysis. The introduction of such increased powers must be considered carefully as whilst we have become accustomed to the routine use of scientific techniques in criminal investigations, we cannot allow ourselves to become complacent and accept such developments as a matter of course, merely relying upon the assurances of those who advocate their introduction. The purpose of this article is to look at issues relevant to the general question of whether such increased powers should be granted and to undertake an analysis of the difficulties inherent in establishing a suitable statutory framework for the regulation of such powers. This involves an analysis of relevant legislation and common law principles from a variety of jurisdictions, viewed in the light of proposals made by the Victorian Attorney General's Consultative Committee on Police Powers of Investigation with a view to distilling an appropriate approach to be adopted in Victoria. However, beyond mere logistics one must also address a number of more fundamental issues which are raised in this context and it is hoped that this article challenges the reader to question the desirability of violating certain fundamental principles, and to undertake a balancing process between the benefits which may ensue from such measures, and the means which must be adopted in order to ensure their effectiveness. Whilst this article is directed almost exclusively towards viewing this issue in the Victorian context, it is of more general interest as the present situation in Victoria presents a unique opportunity for a comprehensive analysis of this area. Victoria is the last Australian state to fully address this issue and there-


The establishment and operation of Student leaders"Three-Self mechanism is not only a way to cultivate student leaders and students to solve the current shortage of staff and increase a breakthrough in this contradiction of the number of students.In order to imply the"Three-Self"mechanism,student leaders must pay more attention to the positive initiative,and colleges must develop a"talented"team of student leaders,then guide student leaders to work independently and effectively.


A mobility aid for the visually impaired should be able to detect and warn about nearby obstacles. Reliable detection of curbs and steps is critical to meet this goal. This paper describes a stereo-vision based algorithm that estimates the underlying planar geometry of the 3D scene to generate hypotheses for the presence of steps. Tensor voting is used to calculate globally consistent normals at each data point and a clustering algorithm is described to generate a piecewise planar model of the scene. Results demonstrate the improvement in plane clustering using tensor voting and the ability of the algorithm to find sufficient evidence for the presence of curbs and steps.


Phenolic acids were identified in the leaves of 23 species of native roses and their quantitative proportions were determined by the method of two-dimensional paper chromatography. The common occurrence of ellagic and gallic acid in roses was confirmed and so was the regular presence of protocatechuic, caffeic, gentisic, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-hydroxyphenylacetic, p-cumaric, syringic, vanillic, ferulic and salicylic acids. A small amount of isoferulic acid was noted only in Rosa gizellae Borb. and R. eglanteria L. var. comosa (Ripart) Du Mortier. Homoprotocatechuic acid was revealed only in the species of the Rosa rubiginosa and Rosa tomentosa groups from the Caninae section. The taxonomically limited occurrence of some phenolic acids points to the systematic differentiating value of the latter within one genus.


The coal pillar's rational width directly affects the gob-side entry surrounding rock control effect of the isolated fully mechanized caving face.Aiming at the geological conditions of the 8105 isolated fully mechanized caving face,and the combined supporting technique of wire meshes beam and cable anchor was put forward.Based on the support scheme of the 8105 track transport roadway,the nonlinear numerical calculation method was adopted to analyze the surrounding rock control effect under the condition of different coal pillar width.The project application effect indicated that the coal pillar width of 6.5 m was reasonable,and the supporting scheme can control the roadway's deformation effectively,and the satisfactory technical and economic effects were obtained.


Infl uence of immunoactive peptide complex from squid nerve tissue tinrostim on the system of hemostasis in vitro and in vivo has been investigated. It has been established that tinrostim in effective concentrations has no direct action on factors of the system of coagulation and system of fi brinolysis. Hypocoagulation changes and activation of the system of fi brinolysis were observed at parenteral (in vivo) inoculation of tinrostim to mice. Prophylactic parenteral inoculation of tinrostim to mice with experimental LPS-induced endotoxinemia facilitates the decrease of intensity of hypercoagulation and reduction of symptoms of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome


The thesis presents the comprehensive laboratory study of Municipal Solid Waste, performed to characterize and determine the compaction characteristics of Hyderabad Municipal Solid Waste collected from Jawahar Nagar and Auto Nagar Landfills. The city of Hyderabad is ranked the sixth largest urban agglomeration in the entire country. The population growth experienced (4.3 to 5.7 million) during the decade 1991-2001 is further expected to continue to increase by 13.64 million 2021. Solid waste in Hyderabad Urban areas in the state of Telengana have generated solid waste more than 11.5 thousand tons/day which is a 9% of all solid waste generated in India. At present, a total of 3063 tons per day (TPD) of municipal solid waste (MSW) is being collected, transported and disposed by the GHMC on a daily basis. The waste is being dumped at various disposable sites located mainly at Jawahar Nagar, Shamshiguda, the BHEL site near BDL and Fathullaguda. Jawahar Nagar site is the major dumping ground in Hyderabad which receives a total MSW of 2,618 tons/day from different transfer stations in the city. Apart from that Jawahar Nagar dumping yard also receives another 200 tons/day MSW from other 4 circles of the Hyderabad directly


Beginning with the analysis of the Uncertainty in hypermedia system,the paper introduces the Bayesian networks.And then introduces the concept of Bayesian networks,the paper analyzes the optimization means of Bayesian networks,and has discussed the construction of Bayesian networks in adaptive hypermedia system.


We study the concurrent composition properties of interactive differentially private mechanisms, whereby an adversary can arbitrarily interleave its queries to the different mechanisms. We prove that all composition theorems for non-interactive differentially private mechanisms extend to the concurrent composition of interactive differentially private mechanisms for all standard variants of differential privacy including ( (cid:15), δ ) -DP with δ > 0 , Rènyi DP, and f -DP, thus answering the open question by [VW21]. For f -DP, which captures ( (cid:15), δ ) -DP as a special case, we prove the concurrent composition theorems by showing that every interactive f -DP mechanism can be simulated by interactive post-processing of a non-interactive f -DP mechanism. For Rènyi DP, we use a different approach by showing a triangle-like inequality of Rènyi divergence in the special setting of concurrent interaction.


Knowledge of human resources in the area of health care is vital to make appropriate health care decisions. The Argentine Integrated Healthcare Information System (SISA), recently developed by the National Ministry of Health, registers all the active medical professionals in Argentina, and provides official data about the medical workforce. However, these data seem to be incomplete for most specialties. In the case of cardiology, the comparison between the Argentine Society of Cardiology and SISA registries indicates that almost half the number of specialists is not included in the SISA database. If only the official data were considered, we would have an adequate cardiologist-inhabitant ratio (74 cardiologists per million inhabitants), but findings in the present study show that this ratio would be much higher, indicating and overpopulation of specialists (140 cardiologists per million inhabitants). If health policy decision-makers did not cautiously evaluate preliminary official information from SISA, or did not recognize its precariousness, the true workforce in the specialty would be seriously underestimated. Yet, the, SISA registry is a very good initiative, and all the scientific societies should provide information from their databases to improve its validity and usefulness.


FOR THIRTY YEARS EFFORTS HAVE BEEN MADE TO DESIGN ROAD PAVEMENTS BY MEANS OF CALCULATION. IN SPITE OF A HIGH LEVEL OF MATHEMATICAL PERFECTION, IT HAS NOT BEEN POSSIBLE TO APPLY IT IN PRACTICE. THIS CONCERN FOR A PRACTICAL DESIGN PROCEDURE HAS HOWEVER PRODUCED AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE ACTION OF FORCES IN A HIGHWAY WHICH ENABLES BETTER CONSTRUCTION TO BE UNDERTAKEN AND MATERIALS TO BE OPTIMIZED. TECHNICAL REGULATIONS RSTO 75, ZTVE-STB 76 AND THE STANDARDIZED SPECIFICATIONS OF CERTAIN FEDERAL PROVINCES ARE BASED ON THIS UNDERSTANDING. A CONTINUOUS INCREASE IN STIFFNESS FROM THE EXISTING UNBOUND SOIL VIA THE LOWER UNBOUND ROADBASE TO THE BITUMINOUS ROADBASE IS ONE OF THE PRACTICAL EFFECTS WHICH HAS BEEN INTRODUCED INTO THE REGULATIONS FOR LOWER SAXONY FOR THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF BITUMINOUS CARRIAGEWAYS EBA NS 76. THE AUTHOR DEALS WITH THIS IN DETAIL AND ALSO IN THE INCREASE IN DEFORMATION VALUES BY THE USE OF APPROPRIATELY THICK LAYERS OF GRADED GRAVEL AGGREGATE. EXAMPLES FROM THE HANOVER AREA SERVE AS DESCRIPTIONS AND ILLUSTRATIONS FOR COST COMPARISON. SUGGESTIONS FOR CERTAIN EXTENSIONS TO THE SPECIFICATIONS ARE PROVIDED. THE INCREASED USE OF ROAD BASES WITH UNBOUND AGGREGATE IN HIGHLY TRAFFICKED ROADS REQUIRES THE SAME SPECIALIST KNOWLEDGE AND CARE AS THE CONSTRUCTION OF BOUND ROAD BASES AND PARTICULARLY IN THE PREPARATION IN THE QUARRY. RESULTS FROM INVESTIGATIONS SHOW THAT UNBOUND ROAD BASES ARE COMPARABLE TO OTHER CARRIAGEWAY CONSTRUCTIONS IN TERMS OF LENGTH OF LIFE, QUALITY AND ECONOMY.


Visitor complaints due to the recreational ATVs(All Terrain Vehicles) have been a major management issue in Bomoon tourist complex in Gyeongju. This kind of problem has been known as recreation conflicts in leisure studies, and the most widely adopted conceptualization has been offered by Jacob and Schreyer(1980) known as goal interference theory. To examine the recreation conflict experienced by different recreationist groups, walking visitors and ATV riders, two sets of questionnaire was prepared to examine the inter-group conflicts. Logistic regression analysis was performed using sixteen variables to determine the important conflict inducing factors. While the result revealed five and three inter-group conflict factors for walkers and ATV riders respectively, the former group reported greater conflict than the latter.


Dysregulated epigenetic control of lung lineage fate is believed to be a major driver of lung disease, including plasticity in lung cancer. Our laboratory has observed a marked decrease in Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) activity in bronchiolar epithelium of COPD patients, poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas and the majority of squamous cell carcinomas. Interestingly, the PRC2 methyltransferase EZH2 is still highly expressed in many of these tissues, suggesting a de-coupling of EZH2 and PRC2 activity. A mouse model of lineage switching from adenocarcinoma to squamous lung cancer clearly showed that loss of PRC2 activity was a catalyst to epigenetic reprogramming. This model also showed increased infiltration of neutrophils, which are known to produce large amounts of superoxide. Our current hypothesis is that oxidative stress, in part through neutrophil recruitment to lung tissue, drives the loss of PRC2 activity through metabolic changes. To support this hypothesis, we have shown that a redox-sensitive enzyme in the methionine pathway, cystathionine beta synthase (CBS), is expressed in COPD and lung cancer and modulates PRC2 activity. Enforced CBS expression drives global decrease in the PRC2-mediated histone marked, H3K27me3, and increased expression of genes expressed by basal cells of the lung, including KRT5, SOX2 and PD-L1. Furthermore, we have found that PRC2 activity can be stabilized through restriction of methionine levels or knock-down of CBS, leading to increased sensitivity of cells to chemotherapy and radiation treatments. PRC2-low epigenetic states can also be exploited – either pharmacological or genetic perturbation of EZH2 led to sensitivity to several classes of drugs, including immunotherapies. Our future studies include using Stable Isotope Resolved Metabolomics (SIRM) to understand how oxidative stress alters the methionine cycle and ultimately changes the stability and function of the PRC2 complex, and to use this information to design better therapeutic strategies. Work supported by AACR Innovation and Discovery Grant, American Cancer Society 133123-RSG-19-081-01-TBG and IRG-85-001-25, NCI R01 CA237643, NIGMS P20 GM121327-03, NIEHS T32 5T32ES007266-30, NCI T32 CA165990 and NHLBI F31 HL151111-01. Citation Format: Mojtaba Bakhtiari, Aria L. Byrd, Fan Chen, Alexsandr Lukyanchuk, Tanner J. DuCote, Christine Fillmore Brainson. Metabolic control of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 in Lung Disease and Lung Cancer [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Special Virtual Conference on Epigenetics and Metabolism; October 15-16, 2020; 2020 Oct 15-16. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(23 Suppl):Abstract nr PR03.


The genetic etiologies of many rare disorders, including early infantile epileptic encephalopathies, are largely undiagnosed. A 6‐year‐old girl was admitted to the National Institutes of Health Undiagnosed Diseases Program with profound intellectual disability, infantile‐onset seizures, chronic respiratory failure, facial dysmorphisms, skeletal abnormalities, and atrial septum defect. A large region of homozygosity was discovered on chromosome 16, spanning 16q22.1–16q24.3' caused by uniparental disomy (UPD) that included a maternally inherited homozygous microdeletion covering exon 6 of WWOX (NM_016373.3). mRNA expression analysis revealed that the deletion led to nonsense‐mediated decay of the NM_016373.3 transcript; the exon 6 of an alternative transcript (NM_130791.3), lacking the short‐chain dehydrogenase, was utilized. The microdeletion in WWOX explains the seizures and intellectual disability, while pathogenic variants in another gene, HSPG2, are likely responsible for the patient's skeletal abnormalities. This report describes a rare autosomal recessive disorder with multiple genetic etiologies, one of which involves UPD.


The article gives an account of the efforts being made by the royal family and the Matsieng Board of Trustees to safeguard and preserve royal archives and what has been achieved so far, and the challenges and prospects towards the digitization of these records as a means of preserving them. Among the root causes of the problem is poor management of records in Lesotho which has affected the development of archival services as a whole. The National Archives was established in 1957 during the colonial period under the office of the Government Secretary, but the archives service as a whole is still at the rudimentary stage. For a long time the National Archives did not have accommodation and was operating with limited resources. The outdated legislation, the Archives Act of 1967, also contributes to the problems of archival development in the country, making the climate for archives sector gloomy.


Thank you very much for downloading your eyes a book for paramedical personnel and the lay reader. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their favorite novels like this your eyes a book for paramedical personnel and the lay reader, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious bugs inside their desktop computer.


1. Berry MG, Stanek JJ. The PIP mammary prosthesis: A product recall study. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2012;65:697–704. 2. Maijers MC, Niessen FB. Prevalence of rupture in Poly Implant Prothèse silicone breast implants, recalled from the European market in 2010. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2012;129:1372–1378. 3. Berry RB. Rupture of PIP breast implants. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2007;60:967–968. 4. Department of Health. Poly Implant Prothèse silicone breast implants: Review of the actions of the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) and Department of Health. Available at: http://www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/ groups/dh_digitalassets/@dh/@en/documents/digitalasset/ dh_134043.pdf. Accessed June 22, 2012. 5. Handel N, Cordray T, Gutierrez J, Jensen JA. A long-term study of outcomes, complications, and patient satisfaction with breast implants. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006;117:757–767; discussion 768–772. 6. Ikeda DM, Borofsky HB, Herfkens RJ, Sawyer-Glover AM, Birdwell RL, Glover GH. Silicone breast implant rupture: Pitfalls of magnetic resonance imaging and relative efficacies of magnetic resonance, mammography and ultrasound. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1999;104:2054–2062. 7. Song JW, Kim HM, Bellfi LT, Chung KC. The effect of study design biases on the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging for detecting silicone breast implant ruptures: A meta-analysis. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011;127:1029–1044. 8. Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. MHRA issues new information for women who had PIP silicone gel breast implants before January 2001. Available at: http://www. mhra.gov.uk/NewsCentre/CON146714. Accessed June 22, 2012.


This article discusses the important factor of the social adaptation of the pupils among which the special attention is paid to non-verbal communication skills. Based on the materials of research of 128 children as normally developing, including those with mild mental retardation there were revealed the peculiarities of the cognitive, emotional and behavioral components of the personal and non-verbal communication.


Lightning strike protection is critical for aircraft made from carbon fiber composites that are less conductive than metals. In areas prone to initial lightning attachment, such as the wingtips and the nose radome, additional protection in the form of solid metallic or segmented diverter strips is typically required. However, generating a realistic model geometry of a wingtip or a radome nose with full lightning protection is a significant task in its own right as the diverter strips and the simulation mesh need to be aligned onto a non-developable surface. The paper explores the use of geometric techniques for the spatial manipulation of three-dimensional objects in order to generate realistic aircraft nose radome models incorporating lightning protection features. These models are then used to explore the effectiveness of a lightning protection scheme when high voltage is directly injected into the radome nose.


This paper discusses the technique of 'annualization' used to extrapolate total annual passenger flows from those measured usin surveys normally carried out during peak hours. It examines some types and causes of variability in offpeak passenger demand which be taken into account when determining the appropriate annualizat factor. Special attention is given to differences by geographica as discussed in the context of the London Underground Rail Networ Conclusions are presented about how such annualization factors sh estimated and applied.


The report provides a preliminary assessment of DR-CAFTA (the Dominican Republic and Central American Free trade Agreement), with particular attention to three key themes: (1) expected trade and non-trade benefits, (2) actions that Central American countries need to pursue to capitalize optimally on the new opportunities, and (3) identification of the population groups that may require assistance to adapt to a more competitive environment. The Introductory Chapter reviews the main findings of the report. Chapter 2 places DR-CAFTA in the historical context of the economic reforms that Central America has been undertaking since the late 1980s. Chapter 3 provides a summary overview of the recently negotiated DR-CAFTA. Chapter 4 reviews various analyses that assess the potential impacts of DR-CAFTA in Central American countries. Chapter 5 focuses on the identification of potentially affected populations from the easing of trade restrictions in sensitive agricultural products and analyzes policy options to assist vulnerable groups. Chapter 6 reviews evidence related to key macroeconomic implications of DR-CAFTA, namely the potential revenue losses and effect on the patterns of business-cycle synchronization. Chapter 7 reviews evidence from each Central American country in the areas of trade facilitation, institutional and regulatory reforms, and innovation and education, in order to identify key priorities for the complementary agenda for DR-CAFTA.


With the escalating significance of personal privacy, one of the most controversial subjects deals with the use of consumer information -should consumers be asked to object to the use of personal data ("opt-out"), or should they be asked to consent to the use of such data ("opt-in")? Various industry and consumer associations have held contradictory opinions on this question. Fundamentally, the opt-in and opt-out schemes can be operationalized via two aspects: (1) descriptions of the option through positive or negative phrasing, and (2) default status of the preference. This paper integrates various theoretical perspectives that help explicate the difference in consumer participations between opt-in and opt-out configurations. Specifically, an experiment was conducted to observe the responses of some subjects under various opt-in and opt-out configurations. Our results show that the use of opt-in and opt-out lead to different levels of participation. Further, among the opt-in configurations, different option descriptions and use of defaults triggered different responses. These findings provide useful insights to regulatory bodies in formulating policies related to seeking consumer consent, and help Internet Web sites design proper data collection practices.


The goal of the presentation is to point out the state of the art of both SAR-techniques and SAR-technology, to show expected developments for key components and features as well as to present new techniques which are in a promising research stage. The frequency range considered is from about 10 MHz up to about 35 GHz The vision of an autonomous, global, integrated reconnaissance and remote sensing system with communication and positioning capability concludes the presentation.


The studies are carried out on the slagging characteristic of power coal through the index discriminance by measuring the slagging characteristic,the component of coal ash,the melting point of ash and the mechanism of slagging is analyzed according to the testing samples of Jiaozuo anthracite,Shanxi Hejin lean coal,Shanxi Hongdong 1/3 coking coal,Jiyuan coking coal,Shanxi Yulin long flame coal.The studies show that there are many factors affecting the slagging characteristic,including the properties of coal,the equipment,operation and so on,in which the properties of coal play a major role.It offers the reference to safety and economical operation of boiler.


Is Africa a continent of vibrant life and hope or a continent of stagnation and slow regress? It depends on where you are standing. The paradoxes are abound; plentiful resources, yet stark deprivation; rich relationships, yet sharp cleavage; brilliant history and traditions, yet cultural neglect. Bit no one doubts that Africa is in crisis - a crisis whose complexity can be observed by the long list of proposed remedies: long term planning, good governance, democratization, regional integration, promotion of the inter-African trade, debt forgiveness, education reform, etc. None of them will turn the tide on their own. Hence the complexity of finding ways forward which, while offering hope in one area, may create further problems in another. In such circumstances it is tempting either to simplify, or to say "if only…". If only one sector - education for example, can be set in the right path, then another - democratization for example - could more easily be tackled. This study starts with the language problems of the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the belief that the language problems severely hinder the national development even though these are not the heart of the crises that face the DRC or even a whole african continent. But this article will not propose concrete solutions for language problems - the problems are too complex. I will just demonstrate the reasons, in such domains as manpower training, education, democratization and national unity, why the exoglossic language policy must be revised and why african indigenous languages must be promoted.


When a patient arrives at the emergency department of the Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital Hamilton, in Hamilton Township, N.J., a long wait for service is not in the cards. That's because the hospital guarantees patients they'll be seen by a nurse within 15 minutes and a physician within 30 minutes.


Objective To optimise the process of acetylferuloyl chloride.Methods Using vanillin and acetic anhydride etc as raw materials,to synthesize acetyl-ferulic acid through Perkin reaction,finally acetylferuloyl chloride was synthesized.The main factors influenced yield of synthesis acetylferuloyl chloride and acetylferulic acid were evaluated,within synthesis acetylferuloyl chloride such as reaction time,reaction temperature and ratio of acetyl-ferulic acid and SOCl_2 and within synthesis acetylferulic acid such as reaction time,the quantity of PEG-400 and material-ratio,by the orthogonal experimental design of L_9(34)orthogonal design.Results The optimization terms of the process of the former were A_1B_2C_1,and the latter were A_1B_2C_2,the total yield reached 65%.Conclusion The best process could improve efficiency,shorten the reaction time,the experimental method was suitable for industrial production of acetylferuloyl chloride.