Precursor messenger RNA splicing is catalyzed by a dynamic complex termed the spliceosome. An essential step in spliceosome assembly occurs when U4 snRNA base pairs with U6 snRNA to form the U4/U6 di-snRNP. Although failure to form the di-snRNP is lethal, the mechanism by which di-snRNP formation occurs is still unknown, in part due to lack of information about the structure of free U4 snRNP prior to binding U6. To investigate the contribution of U4 in di-snRNP formation, I carried out a series of structure probing experiments to determine the secondary structure of a Brr2 released U4 snRNP. The structural model establishes the presence of four stem loops in yeast U4 snRNA, including a novel short stem loop at the extreme 5' end of the molecule. To determine which nucleotides of U4 are required for base pair formation, I carried out a modification/interference experiment. Modification of the 5' stem loop uridines (U5, U6, and U8) interfered with disnRNP formation, while modification of uridines within the central and 3' regions of U4 snRNA did not inhibit di-snRNP formation. Based on these results, I propose that intermolecular base-pairing between U4 loop nucleotides (U6 Al 1) of the novel stem loop and U6 snRNA nucleotides (U70 A75) may initiate di-snRNA formation. The U6 specific protein Prp24 would catalyze the subsequent annealing and stabilization of the U4/U6 intermolecular helices I and II.


The Torelli subgroups of mapping class groups are fundamental objects in low-dimensional topology, through some basic questions about their structure remain open. In this talk I will describe these groups, and how to use tools from representation theory to establish patterns their homology. This project is joint with Jeremy Miller and Peter Patzt. These "representation stability" results are an application of advances in a general algebraic framework for studying sequences of group representations. Host: Amir Mohammadi Monday, December 4, 2017 3:00 PM AP&M 6402 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *


The objective of this study was to identify animal-level factors affecting bovine tuberculosis (bTB) status as determined by the single intradermal tuberculin (SIT) test firstly applied to 1 year-old dairy cattle in Chiang Mai, Thailand. A total of 137 6-month-old calves were randomly selected from 28 small-holder dairy farms in Chiang Mai province, Thailand. Individual data of calves including history of bTB of the farms, bTB status of the dams, general farm management, average dairy gain (ADG) of the calves, occurrence of other diseases, and contacts with other animal species, were collected monthly for 6 months. At ≥ 12 months of age, calves were firstly tested for bTB using the SIT test. Firth penalized logistic regression was used to analyze the associations of factors affecting bTB status of calves. The result showed that more SIT reactors were detected among selected calves from farms with a history of bTB (11.5%, 7/61) compared to those farms with no history of bTB (1.3%, 1/76) (p < 0.05). From the logistic regression analysis, we found that calves with high ADG were less likely to become SIT reactors at their first SIT test compared to those with low ADG (p < 0.01). To control bTB in dairy cattle, farm practices to limit contact between adult cattle and young calves, together with proper nutritional management for calves are recommended.


Objective To study etiology,clinical epidemiology and mortality risk factors of critically ill children with gastrointestinal failure (GIF) in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).Methods The 1788 critically ill children with GIF admitted to PICU in Children's Hospital Affiliated to FuDan University during the period from January,1999 to December, 2004 were reviewed for etiology,mortality rate,prognosis and relationship with multiple organ dysfunctions (MODS).Univariate analysis was performed to identify mortality risk factors of GIF.Results During six years,569 patients of the 1788 critically ill children developed GIF. The overall mortality of the patients with GIF was 29.3%.There was no significant difference in yearly mortality of the patients with GIF from 1999 to 2004 (χ~2=0.357,P=0.896).The common causes of GIF were severe infection (39.4%),severe hypoxia and acidosis (27.9%),accidental injuries (16.7%) and acute brain dysfunction (16.0%).The epidemiological analyses identified nine risk factors:younger age,lower pediatric critical illness score at admitting to PICU,underlying diseases,hypohemoglobinemia,gastric fluid pH,blood glucose,hypoxia combined with acidosis,the number of failed organ system(s) and shock (P0.05 or P0.001).Conclusion The mortality of the patients with GIF has remained high ever since 1999.Severe infection,hypoxia and acidosis,accidental injuries and acute brain dysfunction were the leading causes of GIF in PICU.Younger age,lower pediatric critical illness score and MODS indicated a higher mortality rate.To reduce the mortality of the patients with GIF there are many ways such as curing underlying diseases,adjusting internal environment,improving microcirculation,providing adequate nutrition support,protecting gastrointestinal mucous function,surgical procedure and so on.


In the last decade of the past century, Croatian economy was going through a difficult transitional crisis, additionally intensified by war. Similarly to all transition economies, that period was characterised by efforts to establish the pluralism of ownership, market, and political system. In that Croatian transitional period, in accordance with theory of rational expectations, by suitable testing we shall examine the influence of unpredictable fiscal policy measures and neutrality of predictable ones. Taking into account statistical and economic criteria and mathematical rules, our aim is to present parameters estimation by standard method and to compare those results with mathematical programming method results.


Over the last two decades, airports worldwide have significantly ramped up security in response to emerging threats. Meanwhile, rising passenger expectations have put pressure on major airports to bolster throughput, cut queues and make boarding procedures as seamless as possible. However, the conventional time-consuming ways of security control become the bottleneck of boarding procedures. How to break through this bottleneck without compromise of enhanced security? The answer is to harness the power of new technologies, in particular biometric identification technology, advanced imaging technology, and CT technology for passenger's baggage. Likewise, AI technology has been applied to the airport security. Some tech giants are rolling out super-smart body scanners and behavioral biometric technology in the coming years. Although new technologies aim to speed up and enhance airport security, they also generate wide spread public concerns. Specifically, these concerns address the potential of privacy, ethical and cyber security issues.


In the deregulated environment, transmission congestion is one major problem that needs to be handled in power system operation. This paper aims to alleviate congestion using the multi-objective load curtailment (MOLC) approach. The proposed MOLC approach optimizes the two objectives simultaneous, namely the security margin and load curtailment cost. The security margin is measured by a presented voltage instability indictor (VSI). A fitting coefficient is adopted to combine the two conflicted objectives. The primal dual interior point method (PDIPM) is adopted to solve the proposed MOLC model. The effectiveness of both the improved PDIPM and the MOLC approach has been tested and proven on the modified IEEE 30-bus system and IEEE 118-bus system. The results obtained show that the proposed technique is able to improve system security while yielding lower cost of load curtailment.


In this study, an artificial neural network was developed in order to analyze flexible pavement structure and determine its critical responses under the influence of standard axle loading. In doing so, more than 10000 four-layered flexible pavement sections composed of asphalt concrete layer, base layer, subbase layer, and subgrade soil were analyzed under the impact of standard axle loading. Pavement sections were analyzed by means of multilayered elastic analysis theory and critical responses of pavement including maximum horizontal principal tensile strain at the bottom of asphalt layer and maximum vertical compressive strain on the top of subgrade were computed in each case. Then, a Feed-Forward back propagation neural network was served to predict these responses. The results show that the artificial neural network can be used as a powerful and accurate tool to predict the critical response of flexible pavements. Application of artificial neural networks for pavement analysis reduces the analysis time and can be used as a quick tool for predicting fatigue and rutting lives of different pavement sections and so in optimum design of pavement structure.


This paper proposes a counter measure project against acid rain in China.Eighty four coal fired electric power plants are planned to be constructed by early coming century in China. Since they depend almost eighty percent on coal in the primary energy, they are supposed to emit enough amount of SOx to make acid rain not only in China but also in Japan.This paper proposes that the combination of coal-cleaning at mining sites and addition-of-limestone would be effective to reduce SO2 emission. Residual materials from the coal-cleaning would possibly be utilized in desert cultivation because addition of flyash to the desert soil would raise water moisture content.


The present invention relates to effect pigments based on thin glass flakes and to a method for the production of such pigments. The resulting pigment can be used in any application for which pearlescent pigments have been heretofore used such as, for example, in plastics, paints, inks, cosmetic formulations, coatings including solvent or waterborne automotive paint systems, powder coatings, inks and agriculture foils.


This paper analyzes the following problems existing in colleges' occupational guidance: the lack of complete guidance system, the lack of profession trainer group and the lack of vivid teaching method. Taking Liming Vocational University as an example, this paper expounds the significance of implementing refined occupational guidance in colleges from the angles of students, university and society. At last, this paper puts forward the countermeasures from the angles of refined guidance process,refined guidance mechanism, and refined enforcing security, which is of great theoretical value and practical significance.


Reconfigurable devices such as field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) are very popular in today's embedded systems (design due to their low-cost, high-performance and flexibility. Partially runtime-reconfigurable (PRTR) FPGAs allow hardware tasks to be placed and removed dynamically at runtime. Hardware task scheduling on PRTR FPGAs brings many challenging issues to traditional real-time scheduling theory, which have not been adequately addressed by the real-time research community compared to software task scheduling on CPUs. In this paper, we present an efficient online task placement algorithm for minimizing fragmentation on PRTR FPGAs. First, we present a novel 2D area fragmentation metric that takes into account probability distribution of sizes of future task arrivals; second, we take into the time axis to obtain a 3D fragmentation metric. Simulation experiments indicate that our techniques result in low ratio of task rejection and high FPGA utilization compared to existing techniques


In this paper, the fixed-lag smoothing problem for conditionally linear Gaussian state-space models is investigated from a factor graph perspective. More specifically, after formulating Bayesian smoothing for an arbitrary state-space model as a forward–backward message passing over a factor graph, we focus on the above-mentioned class of models and derive two novel particle smoothers for it. Both the proposed techniques are based on the well-known two-filter smoothing approach and employ marginalized particle filtering in their forward pass. However, on the one hand, the first smoothing technique can only be employed to improve the accuracy of state estimates with respect to that achieved by forward filtering. On the other hand, the second method, that belongs to the class of Rao–Blackwellized particle smoothers, also provides a point mass approximation of the so-called joint smoothing distribution. Finally, our smoothing algorithms are compared, in terms of estimation accuracy and computational requirements, with a Rao–Blackwellized particle smoother recently proposed by Lindsten et al.  ("Rao–Blackwellized particle smoothers for conditionally linear Gaussian models,"  IEEE J. Sel. Topics Signal Process., vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 353–365, 2016).


The invention relates to a BiOI/TiO2 heterojunction type photocatalytic material and a preparation method thereof, which belong to the field of photocatalytic materials. A novel narrow band-gap semiconductor BiOI and a broad band-gap semiconductor TiO2 are compounded by a low-temperature soft chemical method to prepare the heterojunction type photocatalytic material; the formation of heterojunction accelerates the transport process of photo-generated carriers, decreases the recombination probability of an electron-hole pair and improves the photocatalytic quantum efficiency, and the heterojunction has good catalytic and degradation performance of organic substances. The heterojunction type photocatalytic material has simple preparation technology, mild conditions, low cost and good industrialized application prospects.


The first of the two inscriptions published here was inscribed, in Sumerian, on the back of a terra-cotta dog 1 by one Ninurta-resiiu, gatammU 2 of the E-u-gal under King Nazi-MaruttaA. The second was inscribed, in Akkadian, by the same gentleman at a later stage in his career-he was then ne-s'akkcu 3 of Enlil-, on a clay quadrangular prism.4 The dog, dedicated to Gula, is poorly preserved but enough to show it to be of the same type as the clay dog from Sippar published by Scheil, Une saison de fouilles a Sippar p. 91 fig. 15. It may indeed come from Sippar too: Ninurta-resudiu's other inscription, the clay prism, belongs to a collection registered as coming from Abil Habba. The prism is dedicated to Adad whose three-pronged thunderbolt is represented on the top and twice on one side (A). On side D, in the blank space between lines 29 and 30, there is a deep depression apparently made by a thumb. In the prism inscription, the author gives only his name and title and the name of his father, uD-Delebat.6 In the dog inscription, however, the father's title is given as neaksacu of Enlil, the son being only satammu of the E-u-gal. Also named are an ancestor, Enlil-ban1, rabdnum (i. e., ' mayor ')7 of KUR. TI; 8 and an even remoter ancestor, Amilatum, sandabakku 9 of Nippur. Enlil-bmn! is undoubtedly the same official who is mentioned on a clay lcudurru 10 as the nisakkcu of Enlil under Kuri-Galzu I. As such, he was certainly also s'andabakku of Nippur in the early part of the latter's reign, as aptly suggested by K. Balkan.1" That in addition (or before) he was rabdnum of KUR.TI, as Dfir-Kuri-Galzu was known before its 'foundation' by Kuri-Galzu I,12 is chronologically consistent. Enlil-binl's successor, both as sandabakku of Nippur and nesakku of Enlil, Ninurta-nddin-abJh, was still in office under Burna-BuryaA II.18 It is quite likely that he was Enlil-bdnl's son or at least a member of the family. He was succeeded by his son, Enlil-kidinni, whose tenure covered the three following reigns.14 Under Nazi-Marutta?, however, the situation was obviously different: the offices of s'andabakku and nerSaakku were held by different persons, the former by Nazi-Enlil,15 the latter by UD-Delebat whose son, Ninurta-reisuu, seems also to have been only a neasakku. The sandabakkcu Ninurta-apla-iddina 16 may well have been his contemporary.17


Bitmap lookup was introduced into SAS® programming in 2000. Yet, its virtues started to gradually fade from the mind of SAS programmers after the advent of the SAS hash object a few years later. One reason is that the hash object requires no custom coding. The other is that its table lookup functionality seems to supplant the utility of bitmapping. However, this impression is false: In its niche of searching against a massive number of limited-range integer keys, a properly constructed and accessed bitmap is both much faster and incurs much smaller memory footprint. In this paper, we will illustrate programming methods of allocating, mapping, and searching bitmaps based on both character and numeric arrays and discuss their relative pros and cons in terms of lookup speed and memory usage.


The idea of genetically engineered plants generally conjures up images of tomatoes that don't rot and cotton that fends off insects. But crop plants are not the only plants in line for a molecular biological makeover: joining them are plants whose secondary metabolites are valued by humans for their medical or industrial properties. Wood, rubber, alkaloids, isoprenoids, flower pigments-all of these secondary compounds are important to humans, and some are nearly essential, but many could be better or more useful if altered in subtle or not-so-subtle ways. Such alterations could eventually result in more effectiie or less toxic drugs, flowers of new hues, nove1 scents and flavorings, and higher quality wood. A number of groups have begun to create transgenic plants in which secondary metabolism is altered, and many of the approaches being taken were discussed at this year's meeting of the Phytochemical Society of North America(PSNA) (Ellis et al., 1994). The meeting, which drew about 125 participants to the Asilomar Conjerence Center in Pacific Grove, California, from June 27 to July 1, was organized by Gary Kuroki (DNA Plant Technology) and Brian Ellis (University of British Columbia). Although the topic of the meeting was "Genetic Engineering of Plant Secondary Metabolism," the biosynthesis of few compounds is understood in sufficient detail to make genetic intervention practical. Many of the participants, therefore, described studies of the biochemistry and regulation of the synthesis of other important secondary metabolitesinformation that is essential if these pathways are to be altered genetically. As severa1 of the participants pointed out, therearetwo basic waysto alter metabolic pathways by genetic engineering: by overexpressing (or blocking the expression of) endogenous genes, or by introducing heterologous genes that extend or divert a pathway. By overexpressing a gene that regulates the activity of a pathway or encodes a limiting enzyme, the level of a desired endproduct may increase-although, because of the phenomenon of "sense" suppression (Jorgensen, 1992), attempts to overexpress endogenous Whltelam, G.C., and Smlth, H. (1991). Retention of phytochrome-mediated shade avoidance responses in phytochromedeficient mutants of Arabidopsis, cucumber and tomato. J. Plant Physiol. 139, 119-125. Wllson, R.N., Heckman, J.W., and Somervllle, C.R. (1992). Gibberellin is required for flowering in Arabidopsis tbaliana under short days. Plant Physiol. 100, 403-408. Zagotta, M.T., Shannon, S., Jacobs, C., and Meeks-Wagner, D. (1992). Early-flowering mutants of Ambidopsis tbaliana. Aust. J. Plant Physiol. 19, 411-418.


In the current signal measuring equipment in measurable characteristics under the condition of weak signal, the signal measurement accuracy is not high. Therefore, this study designs and realizes a kind of equipment based on TD - SCDMA dual polarized antenna for weak signal measurement system. System uses the 2.4 GHz ISM A7105 RF transmit- ter sent via baud generator clock for electromagnetic wave frequency control forming the local magnetic fields, the system design includes ICL7650 AD620 chip signal amplification module, combined with a module combination based on isola- tion MAX275 chips, by adjusting the built-in six resistance to noise filtering, in the design of TD -SCDMA dual polariza- tion antenna, through multiple columns of smart antenna radiation, to form the sensitivity of the dynamic contact, to strengthen the weak signal loss repair characteristic, for the synchronization of GPRS communication and AT89C51 MCU for weak signal processing; finally it realizes the weak signal accurate detection. Through the experiment testing, the system can, in complex environment, able for the accurate detection of weak signal. Compared with the traditional system, its detection accuracy by about 49%, reduced testing time by 5 seconds, has a strong practical application value. Keyword: Complex environment, dual polarized antenna, network topology, weak signal.


Perovskites, of simplest generic formula ABX3 (A, B = metal cations, X = anion; usually oxide), are probably the moststudied family of solid-state inorganic compounds. Literally thousands of metal oxide perovskites are known and their physical properties encompass almost every known type of phenomenon, from ferroelectricity to superconductivity to colossal magnetorestive effects, which correlate closely with their crystal structures. The atomic arrangement in perovskites may be visualized in two ways, the most familiar being a three-dimensional network of corner-sharing BX6 octahedra enclosing nominal twelve-coordinate holes occupied by the A cations. Its highest possible aristotype symmetry is cubic, although most real perovskites show lower symmetry. Alternately, a sphere-packing model regards the structure as consisting of cubic-close-packed (stacking sequence ABCABC...) layers of composition AX3 encompassing octahedral holes, of which =4 are occupied by the B cations such that no A···B contacts occur. The second representation is helpful in emphasizing the relationship of the cubic perovskite structure to its hexagonal variants (prototype phase BaNiO3), [5] which are constructed from hexagonalclose-packed (ABAB...) AX3 layers, equating to face-sharing one-dimensional columns of BX6 octahedra in the polyhedral description. Layered hybrid perovskites, in which slabs of various thicknesses of vertex-sharing metal halide octahedra (i.e. the cubic perovskite topology) are separated by layers of organic cations are a well known family of phases. Some of these possess important properties such as tunable metal–semiconductor transition in the (C4H9NH3)2(CH3NH3)n 1SnnI3n+1 series. Here, we describe the syntheses and single-crystal structures of what might be called a "missing link" between these two families: namely six new hybrid, non-layered, perovskite networks containing both inorganic (alkali metal and chloride ions) and organic constituents: C4H12N2·KCl3·H2O (1), C4H12N2·RbCl3·H2O (2), C4H12N2·CsCl3·H2O (3), C6H14N2·KCl3 (4), C6H14N2·RbCl3 (5), and C6H14N2·CsCl3 (6) (C4H12N2 2+ = piperazinium dication; C6H14N2 2+ = 1,4-diazoniabicyclo[2.2.2]octane or "dabconium" dication), which display a striking range of ABO3-like perovskite-like structures. Earlier, we described C4H12N2·NH4Cl3·H2O and C4H14N2·NH4Cl3, which contain non-metallic "molecular" perovskite-like networks of ammonium-centered octahedra. The three phases 1, 2, and 3 containing piperazinium (C4H12N2 ) dications are isostructural and may be described together. Their structures (Figure 1) consist of a cubicperovskite-like array of vertex-sharing MCl6 (M = K, Rb,


The article presents the results of theoretical studies on the process of damaging root crops when they are unloaded from the dump bodies of vehicles. The results have revealed that the maximum speed of fall of individual tubers can reach 6.42 m/s. Moreover, it is well known that the permissible values of this parameter for various fall options (surfaces on which roots and tubers are unloaded) have the following values: steel or wood - 1.9-2.5 m/s; rubber - 5.6-7.5 m/s; free tuber - 3.8-5 m/s and not free tuber - 2.7-5.2 m/s. Accordingly, there is a high probability to damage a tuber when it falls. The technical solution considered in the article helps to reduce the damages of tuberous roots when they are unloaded from the dump bodies of vehicles by reducing the dynamic impact on individual tubers.


In this paper, we introduce the signed weak gliding hump property in a dual pair with the structure of a system of sections and show that if a dual pair [E, F] has the signed weak gliding hump property, then the β-dual space of E is a weak sequentially complete space if and only if for every n ∈N,(F[n] ,σ(F[n] ,E[n] )) is sequentially complete. Furthermore, we also prove that if [E,F] has the signed weak gliding hump property, then (E,τ(E,Eβ )) is an AK- space.


: Restoration, preservation and sustainability of agricultural resources including soil demands biologically and economically viable farming practices. For boosting physico-chemical properties of soil from 2012 to 2015, three legumes including cowpea, cluster bean and soybean were intercropped with sorghum in 40-60, 75-25 and 100-100 seed blending ratios, while pure stand of sorghum was kept for comparison. Correlation studies were also conducted to determine linear or inverse relationship between physiological and agronomic attributes with green forage yield of sorghum. Results revealed that intercropping systems were not effective in significantly improving the physical properties of soil, however soybean and sorghum mixed seeded crop in 100-100 seed ratio resulted in the highest total and available nitrogen especially during last two years of the study and it was followed by mixed seeded crop of cluster bean and sorghum (100-100 seed ratio), while pure stand of sorghum appeared to be the most exhaustive farming system. Correlation analysis depicted a linear relationship between all agronomic attributes (seedling count, plant population at harvest, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves and leaf area per plant, fresh and dry weights per plant) and physiological growth parameters (leaf area index and leaf area duration, crop growth rate and net assimilation rate) with forage yield of sorghum. Thus, legumes inclusion was found to be effective in restoring soil fertility, while long term legumes inclusion by following rotation may be suggested.


The interaction of ultrashort laser pulses with transparent materials attracts increasing attention as a powerful technique of tailoring material properties. This technique is widely adopted in many applications based on 3D photonic structures in bulk optical materials among which optical glasses are of prime importance due to their relatively low cost, processability, and possibility of governing refractive index. Dynamics of laser-induced glass modification is still not completely understood while new laser sources and novel irradiation regimes, e.g., using spatiotemporally shaped beams, demonstrate a great potential for achieving predesigned material structures.


INTRODUCTION During normal operations, spacecraft and commercial transport aircraft pilots regularly transition between flight control modes. This requires that pilots change their visual scan pattern in order to appropriately adapt. In a previous experiment, we quantified the decrement in pilot flight performance, workload, and situation awareness during expected transitions from automatic to manual flight during simulated lunar landing. 1 However, these measurements only capture the effects of the operators' shifting scan patterns. They do not capture how the operators' scan patterns change, which helps to infer how operators have allocated their limited visual attention amongst the display elements. We have conducted a second experiment that measured visual fixations during expected manual-to-auto and auto-to-manual mode transitions in simulated lunar landing.


ANTITRUST CLASS ACTION AGAINST GRACO INC. DISMISSED * On March 11, 2014, Judge Ann Montgomery of the District of Minnesota dismissed a putative antitrust class action against Graco Inc. and its…


Kinetic equations for magnetic nano particles dispersed in a viscous liquid are developed and analyzed numerically. Depending on the amplitude of an applied oscillatory magnetic field, the particles orient their time averaged anisotropy axis perpendicular to the applied field for low magnetic field amplitudes and nearly parallel to the direction of the field for high amplitudes. The transition between these regions takes place in a narrow field interval. In the low field region, the magnetic moment is locked to some crystal axis and the energy absorption in an oscillatory driving field is dominated by viscous losses associated with particle rotation in the liquid. In the opposite limit, the magnetic moment rotates within the particle while its easy axis being nearly parallel to the external field direction oscillates. The kinetic equations are generalized to include thermal fluctuations. This leads to a significant increase of the power absorption in the low and intermediate field regions with a pronounce...


Abstract This article documents the late seventies behind-the-scenes battle led by Justice Lewis F. Powell, Jr., that forged a five-justice majority for a narrow Supreme Court holding in First National Bank of Boston v. Bellotti to bring corporate political media spending within the protections of the First Amendment. It shows that justices on the Court then recognized the holding as a considerably greater alteration of established law than another five-justice majority would maintain in 2010—when it expanded the influence of corporate money on democratic processes and the marketplace of ideas far beyond that seventies precedent. Justices William H. Rehnquist and Byron R. White remained so dissatisfied with the result in Bellotti that each authored harsh dissents declaring the majority holding to be completely at odds with settled law, and both remained on the Court long enough to have the opportunity to help form majorities in a series of subsequent cases that served to substantially narrow its holding. Nevertheless, Bellotti established a firm enough footing in the case law to allow the majority at the Court in 2010 to extend its reach far beyond what was established in 1978.


The zodiacal cloud is one of the largest structures in the solar system and strongly governed by meteoroid collisions near the Sun. Collisional erosion occurs throughout the zodiacal cloud, yet it is historically difficult to directly measure and has never been observed for discrete meteoroid streams. After six orbits with Parker Solar Probe (PSP), its dust impact rates are consistent with at least three distinct populations: bound zodiacal dust grains on elliptic orbits (α-meteoroids), unbound β-meteoroids on hyperbolic orbits, and a third population of impactors that may be either direct observations of discrete meteoroid streams or their collisional by-products ("β-streams"). The β-stream from the Geminids meteoroid stream is a favorable candidate for the third impactor population. β-streams of varying intensities are expected to be produced by all meteoroid streams, particularly in the inner solar system, and are a universal phenomenon in all exozodiacal disks. We find the majority of collisional erosion of the zodiacal cloud occurs in the range of 10–20 solar radii and expect this region to also produce the majority of pickup ions due to dust in the inner solar system. A zodiacal erosion rate of at least ∼100 kg s−1 and flux of β-meteoroids at 1 au of (0.4–0.8) × 10−4 m−2 s−1 are found to be consistent with the observed impact rates. The β-meteoroids investigated here are not found to be primarily responsible for the inner source of pickup ions, suggesting nanograins susceptible to electromagnetic forces with radii below ∼50 nm are the inner source of pickup ions. We expect the peak deposited energy flux to PSP due to dust to increase in subsequent orbits, up to 7 times that experienced during its sixth orbit.


SAS® offers several OLAP administration tasks that can be surfaced via a simple and easy user interface. This paper will show users or administrators how to: • Apply cube security. • Tune a cube to get the best performance. • Move a cube. • Monitor user sessions and control those sessions. • Update a cube.


The accurate forecasting of ionospheric disturbances is a strong requirement for reliable performance of many applications such as communication, navigation and surveillance system. Accurate ionospheric time delay modeling and forecasting is necessary especially for Indian low latitude region due to the of the Appleton anomaly, Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA), equatorial spread F. Ionospheric Time delay is responsible for the range error in GPS signals which is proportional to the total electron content (TEC). The intent of this work is to forecast (1 hour ahead) the TEC variations at low latitude regions during eruptive events. Dual frequency GPS receiver at K L University, Vaddeswaram (16.31° N, 80.37° E), India (falls under the transition zone of the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly in low latitude) is considered for the analysis. An Auto Regressive Moving Average (ARMA) model is used for short term forecasting of the VTEC (Vertical TEC) values. ARMA model with the order p = 2 and q = 4 is selected. Three recent and most severe Geomagnetic storms occurred in the solar maximum period of March 2013 to February 2014 are used to test the performance of ARMA model (March17, 2013, June 29, 2013, February 19, 2014 and February 20, 2014 storms are analyzed). During March 17, 2013 storm enhancement in VTEC with Kp value 6 and Disturbance storm time (Dst) index -137nT is observed. During June 29, 2013 storm VTEC depletions with Kp value 7 and Dst -98nT is observed. During February 19, 2014 storm VTEC enhancement occurred with Kp value 6 and Dts -123nT is observed. The forecasted VTEC values are compared with original VTEC values. The RMSE of ARMA model is about 0.4 to 1.486 m. The preliminary results indicate that ARMA model would be an effective tool for developing early warning ionospheric disturbances.


Firstly,the paper analyzes new situation and trend of international industry shift and shows that China has become the main country for taking international industry shift.The investment tendency of transnational corporation is changing from south to the north.It bases on the characteristics of Heilongjiang province and states that Heilongjiang,in a new round of international industry shift,should establish the main developing strategy of setting up new industry clusters focusing on developing equipment manufacture and high-tech industry,and corresponding strategy of establish regional coordinating system with Russia,other provinces and within Heilongjiang province.


ABSTRACT Mechanical activation of the normal left ventricle (LV) is not simultaneous, however potential consequences on ejection function of the ventricle are not entirely known. We studied contraction of the LV free wall to find whether it reveals a contraction wave in axial direction during ejection. Seven guinea pig hearts in situ were studied via thoracotomy. In each heart, the ventricular and the aortic pressure were measured by two micro-tipped manometers (2-Fr, Millar). Contraction of the LV free wall was assessed with a video system (camera: Dalsa D6-0256; framegraber: EPIX PIXCI D32; acquisition rate = 500 frames/s) and epicardial markers; 15-18 markers were used for dividing the region into 20-25 triangular areas, their sizes being studied during contraction to find the position of the contraction wave. For each triangular area, two variables were determined as follows: the time (t c )from the end of diastole until the size of the area reached 80% of maximum size reduction (normalized with duration of systole), and normalized latitude (L


The roasted ore produced by the fluidized roasting of high-iron sphalerites characterized by high soluble iron and low soluble zinc and is not applicable in wet metallurgy.Aiming to solve this problem,based on the mature processes and technical conditions of the fluidized roasting of zinc concentrate,a study of the variation of the content of soluble iron and soluble zinc was carried out in this paper by changing the technical conditions,such as furnace temperature,ratio of the gas/feed,gas pressure at the exit,composition of the furnace charge and roasting time.


The bending problem of elastic bimetal beam simply supported under homogeneous load has been investigated. A theoretical model has been used for analysis of the problem. The analytic solution has been given and compared with the corresponding results from finite element analysis. The research shows that the present applied theoretical model has good precision for analyzing bending problem of elastic bimetal beam.


Regeneration of the following tufted grasses was investigated: Deschampsia caespitosa (L.) P. B., Holcus lanatus L., Lolium perenne L., L. multiflorum Lam., Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) P. B., Phleum pratense L., Bromus unioloides H. B. K. and Dactylis glomerata L. The small clumps of these grasses consisting of four shoots has been covered with soil to the height of 12 cm. It was found that regrowth out of the buried tuft occurs by way of stems morphologically and anatomically resembling rhizomes. The buried parts of the regenerated stems were thinner and had sclerenchyma cylinder separated from the epidermis by a layer of parenchyma cells, whereas in the aerial parts sclerenchyma cylinder with islands of parenchyma was contiguous to epidermis. The tuft fragmentation has no harmful effect on regeneration and tillering of buried grasses probably due to the some leaves which has been left above the soil cover.


A DSD LCD(Double-Select Diode Liquid Crystal Display) driving method and a driving device thereof are provided to effectively prevent flicker by keeping asymmetrical positive and negative polarities of existing pixel voltages balanced. A driving method proper for a matrix drive display having a plurality of pixels arranged in a matrix form and selectively driven by first and second selection lines(SAn,SBn), respectively, and transmitting data to be displayed through a data line includes a step of alternately changing the voltage polarities applied to the first and second selection lines when the voltage polarity applied to the data line is renewed at every frames. The voltage polarities applied to the first and second selection lines are complementary to each other.


Q & A with Author Eric Siegel Eric Siegel Why does early retirement decrease life expectancy and why do vegetarians miss fewer flights? These are two more colorful examples of the multitudes of predictive discoveries waiting within data. University of Zurich discovered that, for a certain working category of males in Austria, each additional year of early retirement decreases life expectancy by 1.8 months. They conjecture that this could be due to unhealthy habits such as smoking and drinking following retirement. One airline discovered that customers who preorder a vegetarian meal are more likely to make their flight, with the interpretation that knowledge of a personalized or specific meal awaiting the customer provides an incentive, or establishes a sense of commitment. Predictive analytics seeks out such predictive connections and then works to see how they may combine together for more precise prediction. What are the hottest trends in predictive analytics? There have been many exciting improvements in the core technology of predictive analytics. One is "uplift modeling" (a.k.a. "persuasion modeling"), which predicts influence . . . in order to do influence. The Obama campaign used it to influence voters in the 2012 presidential election; marketing uses it to more adeptly persuade customers; and medicine uses it to better select per-patient treatments. This topic is the focus of the final chapter of this book. Another hot trend is ensemble models. Like the collective intelligence that spawns the wisdom of a crowd of people, we see the same effect with a crowd of predictive models. Each model alone may be fairly primitive such as a few simple rules, so it gets prediction wrong a lot, as an individual person trying to predict also does. But have them come together as a group and there emerges a new level of predictive performance. Did Nate Silver use predictive analytics to forecast Obama's election? No--but Obama did. Nate Silver made election forecasts for each state as a whole: which way would a state trend, overall? In the meantime, the Obama campaign was using predictive analytics to make per-voter prediction. Moving beyond forecasting, true power comes in influencing the future rather than speculating on it--the raison d'tre of predictive analytics. Nate Silver publicly competed to win election forecasting, while Obama's analytics team quietly competed to win the election itself. Specifically, team Obama drove per-voter campaign decisions by way of per-vote predictions. What is the coolest thing predictive analytics has done? One of the most inspiration accomplishments of predictive analytics is IBM's Watson, which was able to compete against the all-time human champions on the TV quiz show Jeopardy! The questions can be about most any topic, are intended for humans to answer, and can be complex grammatically. It turns out that predictive modeling is the way in which Watson succeeds in determining the answer to a question: it predicts, "Is this candidate answer the correct answer to this question?" It knocks off one correct answer after another--incredible. What are companies predicting about me as a customer? Here are just a few examples: Microsoft helped develop technology that, based on GPS data, accurately predicts one's location up to multiple years beforehand. Target predicts customer pregnancy from shopping behavior, thus identifying prospects to contact with offers related to the needs of a newborn's parents. Tesco (UK) annually issues 100 million personalized coupons at grocery cash registers across 13 countries. Predictive analytics increased redemption rates by a factor of 3.6. Netflix sponsored a $1 million competition to predict which movies you will like in order to improve movie recommendations. One top-five U.S. health insurance company predicts the likelihood an elderly insurance policy holder will die within 18 months in order to trigger end-of-life counseling. Con Edison predicts energy distribution cable failure, updating risk levels that are displayed on operators' screens three times an hour in New York City.


Assuming that the underlying asset of the project follows a geometrical Mean-reversion process,based on the consumption-utility indifference pricing principle,we explore the pricing problem of a corporate project option under an incomplete market circumstance.Further,we derive the pricing equation of the project option,which is a second order nonlinear ordinary differential equation with the free boundary conditions;in the meanwhile we give some numerical examples.The research suggests that the price of the project option is decreasing when the risk aversion coefficient is increasing,also the price will increase to accompany with both the volatility of the underlying asset of the project and the correlation coefficient.Especially,we find that the price of the project option presents a trend which fist increases and then decreases when the rate of mean-reverting is increase.


Foot drop has been known to occur in peripheral and spinal lesions and in muscular dystrophy as well as with central lesions. Insufficient neurological examination may result in an unnecessary investigation and delayed diagnosis. In this case report, the foot drop due to parasagittal meningioma was the first clinical presentation.


A unified treatment of three point quadrature rules is presented in which the classical rules of mid-point, trapezoidal and Simpson type are recaptured as particular cases. Riemann integrals are approximated for the derivative of the integrand belonging to a variety of norms. The Gruss inequality and a number of variants are also presented which provide a variety of inequalities that are suitatable for numerical implementation. Mappings that
are of bounded total variation, Lipschitzian and monotonic are also investigated with relation to Riemann-Stieltjes integrals. Explicit a priori bounds are provided allowing the determination of the partition required to achieve a
prescribed error tolerance.
It is demonstrated that with the above classes of functions, the average of a mid-point and trapezoidal type rule produces the best bounds.


As for the implementation technology of virtual space, the experience method becomes multifunctional and it recognizes movement, sound, temperature and pressure and is expanding to the studies on the interaction possible intelligent interaction technology field between contents and users. The virtual reality technology is being studied to apply the 3D graphic technology and physical phenomena to virtual space to increase the sense of reality and use hardware devices to the virtual environment to increase immersive experience. The production of interactive contents about the virtual underwater environment needs bidirectional interface technology to connect hardware devices and ocean contents in order to increase the sense of a user to increase the sense of immersion. In this study, it tried to express the virtual underwater environment with the sense of actuality and reality from the analysis of the environmental factors according to changes in depth of water and from the application of the normalized underwater physical laws. Also it was to develop sensory contents having to experience the skin scuba without directly entering the water by connecting a sensory simulator about the skin scuba with the virtual underwater environment.


|Full Text: PDF (368 KB) 3. Tracked vehicle simulations and seismic wavefield synthesis in seismic sensor systems Anderson, T.S.; Moran, M.L.; Ketcham, S.A.; Lacombe, J. Computing in Science & Engineering Volume 6, Issue 6, Date: Nov.-Dec. 2004, Pages: 2228 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MCSE.2004.77 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (1064 KB) 4. Awakening the dragonapos;s breath: biostatistics, competency and competition in the pharmaceutical industry Mehta, S.; Peters, L.; Burke, R. Engineering Management Conference, 2003. IEMC apos;03. Managing Technologically Driven Organizations: The Human Side of Innovation and Change Volume , Issue , Date: 2-4 Nov. 2003, Pages: 504508 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/IEMC.2003.1252324 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (454 KB) 5. A grid convergence study of a highly separated turbulent flow Hansen, R.P.; Forsythe, J. Computing in Science & Engineering Volume 6, Issue 6, Date: Nov.-Dec. 2004, Pages: 3037 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MCSE.2004.59 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (2488 KB) 6. Advanced sun-sensor processing and design for super-resolution performance Enright, J.P.; Godard Aerospace Conference, 2006 IEEE Volume , Issue , Date: 4-11 March 2006, Pages: 14 pp.Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/AERO.2006.1655910 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (6616 KB) 7. Simulation of unsteadiness in chemical oxygen-iodine laser flowfields Madden, T.J.; Miller, J.H. Computing in Science & Engineering Volume 6, Issue 6, Date: Nov.-Dec. 2004, Pages: 4754 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MCSE.2004.74 9/20/07 9:01 AM Top Articles Page 2 of 12 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/toparticles.jsp Abstract |Full Text: PDF (2464 KB) 8. Achieving Full Frequency and Space Diversity in Wireless Systems via BICM, OFDM, STBC, and Viterbi Decoding Akay, E.; Ayanoglu, E. Communications, IEEE Transactions on Volume 54, Issue 12, Date: Dec. 2006, Pages: 2164-2172 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TCOMM.2006.885089 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (549 KB) 9. The art of curriculum change Sorby, S.A.; Plichta, M.R. Frontiers in Education Conference, 1999. FIE apos;99. 29th Annual Volume 3, Issue , Date: 1999, Pages: 13C4/21-13C4/26 vol.3 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/FIE.1999.840433 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (336 KB) 10. A review of electromagnetic scattering analysis for inlets, cavities, and open ducts Anastassiu, H.T. Antennas and Propagation Magazine, IEEE Volume 45, Issue 6, Date: Dec. 2003, Pages: 2740 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MAP.2003.1282177 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (1153 KB) 11. Image projection and composition with a front-scan sonar system: methods and experimental results Trucco, A.; Palmese, M.; Repetto, S. Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of Volume 28, Issue 4, Date: Oct. 2003, Pages: 687698 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/JOE.2003.819316 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (4348 KB) 12. Mobile monitoring with wearable photoplethysmographic biosensors Asada, H.H.; Shaltis, P.; Reisner, A.; Sokwoo Rhee; Hutchinson, R.C. Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, IEEE Volume 22, Issue 3, Date: May-June 2003, Pages: 2840 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MEMB.2003.1213624 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (8548 KB) 13. 2nd Joint IEEE International Workshop on Visual Surveillance and Performance Evaluation of Tracking and Surveillance (VS-PETS) Research in Microelectronics and Electronics, 2005 PhD Volume 1, Issue , Date: 25-28 July 2005, Pages: 241611 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/RME.2005.1543049 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (35708 KB) 14. XML-extended OLAP querying Pedersen, D.; Riis, K.; Pedersen, T.B. Scientific and Statistical Database Management, 2002. Proceedings. 14th International Conference on Volume , Issue , Date: 2002, Pages: 195206 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/SSDM.2002.1029721 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (392 KB) 15. IEEE recommended practice for software requirements specifications IEEE Std 830-1998 Volume , Issue , Date: 20 Oct 1998, Pages: Abstract |Full Text: PDF (444 KB)|Full Text: PDF (444 KB) 16. Fast radial symmetry for detecting points of interest Loy, G.; Zelinsky, A. Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions on 9/20/07 9:01 AM Top Articles Page 3 of 12 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/toparticles.jsp Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, IEEE Transactions on Volume 25, Issue 8, Date: Aug. 2003, Pages: 959973 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TPAMI.2003.1217601 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (5688 KB) 17. A 3.1–10.6 GHz Ultra-Wideband Low Noise Amplifier With 13-dB Gain, 3.4-dB Noise Figure, and Consumes Only 12.9 mW of DC Power Chao Fang; Law, C.L.; James Hwang Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, IEEE Volume 17, Issue 4, Date: April 2007, Pages: 295-297 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/LMWC.2007.892984 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (376 KB) 18. Study of flow in tip-clearance turbomachines using large-eddy simulation Donghyun You; Meng Wang; Rajat Mittal; Moin, P. Computing in Science & Engineering Volume 6, Issue 6, Date: Nov.-Dec. 2004, Pages: 3846 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MCSE.2004.75 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (2304 KB) 19. Achieving wireless broadband with WiMax Vaughan-Nichols, S.J. Computer Volume 37, Issue 6, Date: June 2004, Pages: 1013 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MC.2004.1266286 Full Text: PDF (336 KB) 20. Into the abstract Singh, G. Computer Graphics and Applications, IEEE Volume 22, Issue 6, Date: Nov/Dec 2002, Pages: 45 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MCG.2002.1046621 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (1015 KB) 21. IEEE Standard for SystemVerilogUnified Hardware Design, Specification, and Verification Language IEEE Std 1800-2005 Volume , Issue , Date: 2005, Pages: 0_1648 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (6424 KB)|Full Text: PDF (6424 KB) 22. IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks Part 16: Air Interface for Fixed and Mobile Broadband Wireless Access Systems Amendment 2: Physical and Medium Access Control Layers for Combined Fixed and Mobile Operation in Licensed Bands and Corrigendum 1 IEEE Std 802.16e-2005 and IEEE Std 802.16-2004/Cor 1-2005 (Amendment and Corrigendum to IEEE Std 802.16-2004) Volume , Issue , Date: 2006, Pages: 0_1822 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (5468 KB)|Full Text: PDF (5468 KB) 23. What is Bluetooth? McDermott-Wells, P. Potentials, IEEE Volume 23, Issue 5, Date: Dec. 2004-Jan. 2005, Pages: 3335 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MP.2005.1368913 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (545 KB) 24. Construction of codes based on finite generalized quadrangles foriterative decoding Vontobel, P.O.; Tanner, R.M. Information Theory, 2001. Proceedings. 2001 IEEE International Symposium on Volume , Issue , Date: 2001, Pages: 223Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/ISIT.2001.936086 9/20/07 9:01 AM Top Articles Page 4 of 12 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/toparticles.jsp Abstract |Full Text: PDF (116 KB) 25. A simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communications Alamouti, S.M. Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Journal on Volume 16, Issue 8, Date: Oct 1998, Pages: 1451-1458 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/49.730453 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (224 KB) 26. A 45-dB variable-gain low-noise MMIC amplifier Masud, M.A.; Zirath, H.; Kelly, M. Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on Volume 54, Issue 6,Part: 2, Date: June 2006, Pages: 28482855 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TMTT.2006.875453 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (936 KB) 27. An Ultra-Compact Differentially Tuned 6-GHz CMOS LC-VCO With Dynamic Common-Mode Feedback Soltanian, B.; Ainspan, H.; Rhee, W.; Friedman, D.; Kinget, P. R. Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of Volume 42, Issue 8, Date: Aug. 2007, Pages: 1635-1641 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/JSSC.2007.903068 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (1571 KB) 28. Broadband wireless access with WiMax/802.16: current performance benchmarks and future potential Ghosh, A.; Wolter, D.R.; Andrews, J.G.; Chen, R. Communications Magazine, IEEE Volume 43, Issue 2, Date: Feb. 2005, Pages: 129136 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MCOM.2005.1391513 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (526 KB) 29. WIRELESS BROADBAND ACCESS: WIMAX AND BEYOND A Secure and Service-Oriented Network Control Framework for WiMAX Networks Kejie Lu; Yi Qian; Hsiao-Hwa Chen Communications Magazine, IEEE Volume 45, Issue 5, Date: May 2007, Pages: 124-130 Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MCOM.2007.358859 Abstract |Full Text: PDF (109 KB) 30. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications Aug. 2007, Vol. 6 No. 8 Table of


We discuss various measures of net charge (conserved quantities) fluctuations proposed for the identification of critical phenomena in heavy ion collisions. We show the dynamical component of fluctuations of the net charge can be expressed simply in terms of integrals of two- and singleparticle densities. We discuss the dependence of the fluctuation observables on detector acceptance, detection efficiency and colliding system size and collisioncentrality. Finally, we present a toy model of particle production including charge conservation and resonance production to gauge the effects of such resonances and finite acceptance on the net charge fluctuations.


Summary. Optical and ultraviolet spectroscopic observations of the nucleus of the galaxy NGC5253 are analyzed. This galaxy presents the typical features of an elliptical system at large distances from its center. However, its nucleus is dominated by an emission complex composed by severa) giant H rr regions. The analysis of the optical spectra shows that the metallic abundances in the nucleus of the galaxy are below the solar values. The presence of O stars can be deduced from the numerous absorption Iines present in the UV spectrum. The UV emission lines indicate a high effective temperature for the ionizing star cluster. The comparison of the observations with evolutive models of W(Hp) and the slope of the UV continuum shows that the age of the brightest knot of the nucleus of NGC 5253 is less than three millions years. The exact age depends on the choice of the extinction law, not well known in this type of objects. An LMC like law (consistent with the low metallicity of the object) leads to an age of 2.3 106 yr, and to an IMF similar or slightly flatter than that found by Salpeter for the solar neighbourhood, with an upper mass limit in the range 60 M 0 < M0P < 120 M 0 .


Absolute ionic transported entropies, conventional ionic Eastman entropies of transfer, and conventional ionic heats of transfer, using the same convention (S°H+≡0) as that adopted in assigning conventional standard ionic entropies, have been recalculated for ten univalent ions from the most accurate data now available on the initial thermoelectric powers and the Soret coefficients.


Gas exchange, water relations, and dry weight partitioning of shoot tip cuttings of 'Eckespoint Lilo Red' ('Lilo') and 'Gutbier V-10 Amy Red' ('Amy') poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Wind. ex Klotzsch) were studied during the initiation and development of adventitious roots. Net photosynthesis (A) and stomatal conductance (g) of cuttings were initially low and remained low until root primordia formation. Foliar relative water content (RWC) and osmotic potential (ψ (ψπ) increased upon formation of root primordia. Following formation of root primordia (2 days before visible root emergence) and concurrent with increasing RWC and ψπ , g increased. As roots initially emerged, A and g increased rapidly and continued to increase with further root primordia development and subsequent emergence of adventitious roots. Cutting stem and leaf dry mass and leaf area increased during the first few days after sticking cuttings. During primordium development and initial root emergence, the highest percent increase in dry weight was accounted for by basal stem sections. AU cuttings of both cultivars rooted and had similar root numbers after 23 days, but 'Lilo' cuttings had 15% better rooting and 44% more roots than 'Amy' after 15 days. This research supports the hypothesis that formation and elongation of root primordia coincides with increased gas exchange in poinsettia cuttings, and that gas exchange can be used as a nondestructive indicator of adventitious root development. The differing physiological responses of cuttings associated with the various developmental stages of adventitious root forma- tion (ARF) are only vaguely understood (Andersen, 1986; Davis and Haissig, 1994; Haissig, 1988; Hartmann et al., 1990). The developmental stages of ARF include dedifferentiation, root initial formation, root primordia development, and elongation of primor- dia leading to root system growth and development. The first two stages are critical for successful rooting (Hartmann et al., 1990). Each stage is most likely associated with specific physiological responses. For example, two different phases of high and low auxin sensitivity have been described, and are associated with preprimordial (target) cells and the later stage of root primordium


In this paper we study commuting difference operators of rank two. We introduce an equation on potentials $V(n),W(n)$ of the difference operator $L_4=(T+V(n)T^{-1})^2+W(n)$ and some additional data. With the help of this equation we find the first examples of commuting difference operators of rank two corresponding to spectral curves of higher genus.


This thesis analyzes how the independence of Swedish external auditors have been affected by their duty to report economic crime in joint stock companies. The problematization of the study is based on how the auditors' duty to report crime seems to have had a negative effect on the auditor profession's independence. It seems like the consequences to report crime according to the duty has no clear benefit to the auditor. It might even look like omitting to report crime involves lesser risk compared to the risk associated with reporting according to the duty. The empirical data consists of secondary data from The Supervisory Board of Public Accountants, The Swedish Economic Crime Authority and The Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention. The analysis is based on the "Behavioral Model of Independence" developed by Goldman & Barlev (1974) and indicates that, from a theoretical point of view, the legislation should have increased the auditors' independence. However, the positive effect seems to have been eroded by non-compliance of the regulation by the auditors. Therefore, this thesis suggests that the auditors' duty to report crime have had a negative impact on auditors' independence.


Knowledge Based Engineering(KBE) is introduced to the design process of straight canister bulk cement vehicle, and we had developed straight canister bulk cement vehicle virtual design system, it can implement quick design, parameterized modeling and analysis which improves design efficiency and success rate of development.


OBJECTIVE
To study the changes of ephrin-B3 mRNA expression and cellular apoptosis in the brain of neonatal rats with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) and to explore the possible role of ephrin-B3 in the pathogenesis of PVL.

METHODS
Two-day-old SD rats were randomly assigned to two groups: PVL and control. PVL model was prepared by right common carotid artery ligation followed by 4-hr 6% oxygen exposure. The control group, without ligation of the artery and hypoxia treatment, was sham operated. The rats were then sacrificed and brain tissues were collected at 0, 8, 24, 48 and 72 hrs and at 7 days of hypoxic-ischemia (HI). Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for pathologic studies. Real time RT-PCR was applied to detect brain ephrin-B3 mRNA expression. DAPI staining was applied to detect neuronal apoptosis.

RESULTS
The brain ephrin-B3 mRNA expression increased significantly in the PVL group at 8, 24, 48 and 72 hrs and at 7 days of HI compared with that of the control group (P < 0.05). The apoptotic cells in the brain of the PVL group were significantly more than that of the control group at 8, 24, 48 and 72 hrs of HI (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
ephrin-B3 mRNA expression and cellular apoptosis in the brain increased significantly in neonatal rats with PVL, which suggests that ephrin-B3 may participate in the pathogenesis of PVL in neonatal rats.


Evidence for composition and dynamics of release of the earliest volatiles was in lack of anything better being sought from the most ancient sediments known at the time, although they were recognized to be younger than three billion years. Origin of life on Earth was considered to require a lasting atmosphere with hydrogen and methane as major components. The new observations together with theoretical studies generated by the space program and by systematic exploration of the Earth's oceanic crust changed the climate of opinion in which the questions of the primordial atmosphere are discussed. Even though existing evidence does not permit conclusive choice of any specific scenario, the acceptance of specific model elements now forces the consideration of a series of consequences, some of which may be tested by observation.


In the case of the system state jumping,the paper presents a solution to system described in linear coefficient differentiate equation based on the application of linear time invariant system characters.


It has been carried out the regressional analysis of the density of feathered predators populations and factors which likely can define fluctuations of their numbers (trophic and meteorological) m order to explain the cause of the cyclicity. On the one hand the density of feathered predators is caused by fluctuations of the victims directly or indirectly because of meteorological indices. On the other hand, there is a connection between the indices of the dynamics of feathered predators and the factors affecting them, but similar cycles are aksent.


ALTHOUGH AUSTRALIAN LITERATURE IS NOT EQUAL TO THE BEST OF ENGLISH LITERATURE, THERE ARE NEVERTHELESS VALID REASONS FOR ITS INCLUSION IN THE LITERATURE PROGRAMS OF AUSTRAILIAN SCHOOLS. IT IS BECOMING INCREASINGLY IMPORTANT THAT AUSTRALIANS HAVE SOME UNDERSTANDING OF THE EMERGENCE OF THE SOCIETY AND CULTURE IN WHICH THEY LIVE. AUSTRALIAN LITERATURE IS AN EFFECTIVE MEANS OF DEVELOPING THIS HISTORICAL SENSE, AND CAN BE, IN TURN, A SIGNIFICANT AID IN UNDERSTANDING THE LITERATURE OF REMOTE COUNTRIES AND TIMES. THE STUDY OF AUSTRALIAN LITERATURE CAN ALSO ENCOURAGE STUDENTS TO INQUIRE FURTHER INTO THE "SPECIAL VALUE" OF LITERATURE, FOR INFERIOR LITERATURE IS FREQUENTLY THE STIMULUS WHICH LEADS STUDENTS TO BETTER LITERATURE. CONTEMPORARY AUSTRALIAN LITERATURE HAS A PARTICULAR IMMEDIACY AND SIGNIFICANCE FOR STUDENTS AND CAN ENCOURAGE WRITING, READING, AND THE KIND OF INTELLECTUAL ACTIVITY INHERENT IN BOTH. EXAMINATIONS ON SUCH MATERIAL, HOWEVER, CAN DESTROY ITS VALUE BY STIFLING AND CONDITIONING STUDENTS' RESPONSES TO IT. BY INCLUDING IN ENGLISH CURRICULA AUSTRALIAN LITERATURE, PARTICULARLY THE WORKS OF CONTEMPORARY AUSTRALIAN WRITERS, TEACHERS OF ENGLISH CAN FLAY A SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN CREATING AN ACTIVE, INTELLIGENT COMMUNITY INTERESTED IN BOTH ITS LITERARY HERITAGE AND ITS WRITERS OF TODAY. THIS ARTICLE APPEARED IN "ENGLISH IN AUSTRALIA,* NUMBER 5, AUGUST 1967. (DL)


In this chapter, high frequency asymptotics (HFA) techniques are reviewed through a classical, canonical problem: EM wave scattering from a wedge shaped object with perfectly electrical conductor (PEC) boundaries. A MATLAB-based virtual diffraction tool WedgeGUI, using analytical exact as well as well-known HFA techniques, is also introduced. Mathematical equations of different models are included for both line source (LS) and plane wave (PW) illuminations. The PW models presented are exact by series summation, PO, PTD, UTD, and PE models.


"County-oriented" administration system of Chinese fundmental education is a new institution which is to mediate the conflict between educational equality and efficience by "the system of running school at government different levels".However,as far as development of Chinese fundmental education concerned,"county-based" system is hard to adapt to the big gap among proviences in China and people's new requirments for education equality in the new historical context.It's necessary to recognize the relationship between education equality and effiency again in terms of the fundmental education nature and requirments,and to establish reseaonable and scientific vaule orientation of fundmental educatioan development so as to deepen reform of fundmental education administration system and realize more equal development of fundmental education.


p strictly singular operator was discussed in a previous paper by K. Latrach and A. Ž. Jeribi 1998, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 225, 461485 . In the present paper we prove the invariance of the GustafsonWeidmann, Wolf, Schechter, and Browder essential Ž. spectra of A under relatively strictly singular not necessarily bounded perturba- tions on these spaces. Further, a precise characterization of the Schechter essential Ž. spectrum is given. We show that these results are also valid on C where is a compact Hausdorff space. The results are applied to the one-dimensional transport equations with anisotropic scattering and abstract boundary conditions. 2000 Academic Press


The aim of this study was to identify the association polymorphism (rs11536889) in the 3′‐untranslated region (3′‐UTR) of Toll‐like receptors 4 (TLR4) and the risk for ventilator‐associated pneumonia (VAP). miRNA database online and luciferase assays were used to validate TLR4 as the target gene of miR‐1236. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay analysis and western blot were used to analyze the level of TLR4 in different genotype groups. In the present study, miR‐1236 was predicted to bind to the rs11536889 G allele rather than the rs11536889 C allele, which was further confirmed by the luciferase activity suppressed by a fragment of 3′‐UTR containing the rs11536889 G allele induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6). Bronchial epithelial cells isolated from participants genotyped as GG, GC, and CC, with no remarkable difference in TLR4 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were observed among these genotype groups. After stimulating by LPS, a TLR4 ligand, the CC‐genotyped cells expressed higher levels of IL‐8, IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) on their surfaces than cells with the other genotypes. Finally, the western blot analysis results showed that the expression level of IL‐8, IL‐6, and TNF‐α protein was much higher in the CC group than the GC and GG groups subsequent to stimulation by LPS, and the IL‐8, IL‐6, and TNF‐α protein levels in the GC were grouped much lower compared with the GG group. These findings indicated the regulatory association of miR‐1236 with TLR4 and the abnormal expression of TLR4 caused by the presence of rs11536889 in the 3′‐UTR of mRNA, which interfere with its interaction with the miR‐1236, contributing to the risk of VAP.


The purpose of this study was to determine college students' awareness of and attitudes toward biotechnology issues reported in the mass media. Future agricultural communicators (N = 330) representing 11 land-grant universities in 10 states recorded their knowledge and perceptions of biotechnology issues as reported in the mass media. Respondents were mostly seniors (46%), female (55%), and considered themselves "8" average students (60%). Students achieved only 30% correct responses (M = 3.05) in a knowledge assessment of biotechnology practices, illustrating a lack of knowledge. However, nearly 84% of the respondents perceived their level of knowledge as average to high (24% perceived they possessed above-average scientific knowledge). Future agricultural communicators were somewhat accepting of biotechnology practices for genetically modified organisms involving plant life (M = 3.28), but viewed these same practices as somewhat unacceptable for use on humans (M = 1.84). Significant, low positive relationships existed between respondents' perceived and assessed levels ofbiotechnology knowledge (r = .17) and between their assessed knowledge and acceptance of biotechnology practices (r = .16). Selected college students in the agricultural sciences have much less knowledge about biotechnology practices than what they believed to possess. Although correctable through increased study of biotechnology, this finding may pose serious problems for students choosing to "communicate" the science of biotechnology issues in the mass media. Agricultural communications faculty nationwide should analyze their curricula to determine if students are being given the opportunity to study biotechnology issues while learning how to communicate it to a larger audience. This research is available in Journal of Applied Communications: https://newprairiepress.org/jac/vol86/iss3/1 Selected College Students' Knowledge and Perceptions of Biotechnology Issues Reported in the Mass Media Gary Wlngenbach Tracy Rutherrord Deborah Dunsford Abstract Gary J. Wingenbach Tracy A. Rutherford Deborah W. DunsfordGary J. Wingenbach Tracy A. Rutherford Deborah W. Dunsford The purpose of this study was to determine college students' awareness of and attitudes toward biotechnology issues reported in the mass media. Future agricultural communicators (N = 330) representing 11 land-grant universities in 10 states recorded their knowledge and perceptions of biotechnology issues as reported in the mass media. Respondents were mostly seniors (46%), female (55%), and considered themselves "8" average students (60%). Students achieved only 30% correct responses (M = 3.05) in a knowledge assessment of biotechnology practices, illustrating a lack of knowledge. However, nearly 84% of the respondents perceived their level of knowledge as average to high (24% perceived they possessed above-average scientific knowledge). Future agricultural communicators were somewhat accepting of biotechnology practices for genetically modified organisms involving plant life (M = 3.28), but viewed these same practices as Gary J. Wingenbach Is an ACE member and assistant professor of agricultural communications In the Department of Agricultural Education at Texas A&M University. Tracy A. Rutherford Is an ACE member and assistant professor of agricultural communications in the Department of Agricultural Education at Texas A&M University. Deborah W. Dunsford is an ACE member and senior lecturer of agricultural communications in the Department of Agricultural Education at Texas A&M University. Journal of Applied Communications, Vol. 86, No.3, 2002 17 1 Wingenbach et al.: Selected College Students' Knowledge and Perceptions of Biotechno Published by New Prairie Press, 2017 somewhat unacceptable for use on humans (M = 1.84). Significant, low positive relationships existed between respondents' perceived and assessed levels ofbiotechnology knowledge (r = .17) and between their assessed knowledge and acceptance of biotechnology practices (r = .16). Selected college students in the agricultural sciences have much less knowledge about biotechnology practices than what they believed to possess. Although correctable through increased study of biotechnology, this finding may pose serious problems for students choosing to "communicate" the science of biotechnology issues in the mass media. Agricultural communications faculty nationwide should analyze their curricula to determine if students are being given the opportunity to study biotechnology issues while learning how to communicate it to a larger audience.


Evaluation of cognitive workload finds its application in many areas, from educational program assessment through professional driver health examination to monitoring the mental state of people carrying out jobs of high responsibility, such as pilots or airline traffic dispatchers. Estimation of multilevel cognitive workload is a task usually realized in a subject-dependent way, while the present research is focused on developing the procedure of subject-independent evaluation of cognitive workload level. The aim of the paper is to estimate cognitive workload level in accordance with subject-independent approach, applying classical machine learning methods combined with feature selection techniques. The procedure of data acquisition was based on registering the EEG signal of the person performing arithmetical tasks divided into six intervals of advancement. The analysis included the stages of preprocessing, feature extraction, and selection, while the final step covered multiclass classification performed with several models. The results discussed show high maximal accuracies achieved: ~91% for both the validation dataset and for the cross-validation approach for kNN model.


Deep Neural networks are commonly used in various tasks and enabled the solution of many practical problems. These approaches usually result sufficiently high accuracy, but the robustness of these methods in critical applications is still under investigation. Adversarial attacks, in which minor perturbations can cause misclassification pose one of the most significant challenges. In case of convolutional neural networks there is ongoing research to create more resilient networks towards these attacks. In this paper I will demonstrate that multi-layered cellular neural networks in their nature are more robust and resilient to low-intensity attacks than their convolutional counterparts.


Objective: To explore the effects of vaginal radical trachelectomy( VRT) in treating the early cervical cancer and preserving fertility of patients. Methods: Fifty patients with the early cervical cancer were treated with VRT combined with laparoscopic pelvic lymph node resection. Among the patients,2 cases with pelvic lymph node and cervical margin involvement were treated with synchronized chemoradiotherapy. Results: Among 48 patients,all VRT operations were successful,the operation time and peroperative bleeding were( 185 ± 35) min and( 310 ± 131) ml,respectively. The cervical length and parametrium width of surgical excision were( 2. 6 ± 0. 6) cm and( 1. 9 ± 0. 5) cm,respectively. The number of lymph node excision was( 26 ± 10). The patients were followed up for( 35 ± 21) months. Six cases recurred during the following up period,the recurrence rate of which was 12. 5%. The recurrence median time was 20 months. Three cases in 8 cases with tumor size more than 2 cm recurred,which was significantly higher than that in the patients with tumor size equal to or less than 2 cm( 7. 5%,P = 0. 049 7). Three cases with cadenocarcinoma or adenosquamous carcinoma recurred,the recurrence rate of which was higher than that in 7. 1% of patients with squamous carcinoma( P = 0. 0198).During the equaal to or more than 6 months of following-up,35 patients desired to give birth to,13 women conceived 17 times,the pregnant rate of which was 37. 1%. Nine women given birth to 10 newborns babies( 1 cases conceived 2 times and were normal delivery),the fertility rate of which was 25. 7%. Conclusions: VRT combined with laparoscopic pelvic lymph node resection can effectively preserve the fertility of patients with early cervical cancer. The patients with tumor size equal to or less than 2 cm are easy to recur,the indication of VRT should be strictly limited to the patients with tumor size equal to or less than 2 cm.


Economic growth in Vietnam and recurring food scandal incidents are prompting the demand for quality products. This report explores consumer expectations with regard to pork, a very popular food item in Vietnam. The findings are based on a quantitative survey of 600 urban and rural households in Vietnam. The study focuses on consumer practices and assertions in the area of purchasing fresh and processed pork. The objective is to assist disadvantaged producers to better fit the supply with the new trends in consumption.(Resume d'auteur)


This review analyzes the effect of catch crops on the chemical, physical and biological properties of the soil environment. Catch crops deliver environmental benefits, and they are widely recom mended by programs which promote environmentally friendly agricultural practices. Plant species (such as white mustard and phacelia) characterized by rapid growth in early stages of development as well as low soil and nutrient requirements are best suited for the role of catch crops. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of catch crops on the content of organic carbon (C) and nutrients in soil, the factors that determine the rate of organic matter decomposition in soil. Catch crops can limit the migration of nutrients (in particular nitrogen – N and phosphorus – P) into deeper soil layers, and they influence soil pH, the physical parame - ters of soil such as compaction, porosity, water content and temperature, and the biological and enzymatic activity of soil. Catch crops play very important roles in agricultural ecosystems, and their influence is determined mainly by habitat conditions (weather and soil parameters), plant species, biomass volume and agronomic factors. Catch crops increase the organic carbon content of soil, they limit nutrient leaching (in particular nitrogen and phosphorus) into deeper soil horizons, decrease soil compaction, improve soil aeration and soil water relations, increase soil porosity, improve soil structure, enhance microbial and enzymatic activity in soil. Catch crops increase agricultural production in all climates, soils and farming systems.


Submitted for the SHOCK05 Meeting of The American Physical Society Ultrafast double pass absorption in benzene and cyclohexane RICKY CHAU, NEIL C. HOLMES, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory — In this study, we report preliminary double-pass absorption experiments on benzene and cyclohexane. For these experiments, a high power broadband light source was used and the light was collected using both photomultiplier tubes and a streak cameras. The light on the PMTs were recorded at different wavelengths. We will present the results from the inital experiments with a discussion of the time resolved dissociation of the benzene and cyclohexane and a comparison of benzene (carbon double bonds) and cyclohexane (carbon single bonds). This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract W-7405-Eng-48. Ricky Chau Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Date submitted: 08 Apr 2005 Electronic form version 1.4


【Objective】This study evaluated the resistances of seven rice breeding parents(12S,M76 A,Minxiang A,Mingxing A,Yanyuan A,Fufeng 5Aand Fuxiang 1A)to Magnaporthe griseato provide references for breeding and distribution of resistant rice cultivars.【Method】The resistances of seven tested rice breeding parents to rice leaf blast and rice panicle blast were also determined under nature induction condition.The resistances of seven tested rice breeding parents to rice seedling blast and their resistance frequencies to four main pathotypes of M.grisea were assayed by artificial inoculation in greenhouse.【Result】The resistance frequencies of M76 A,Mingxing A,Yanyuan A,Fufeng 5A and Fuxiang 1A to M.grisea were all above 75%.M76 A,Fufeng 5Aand Fuxiang 1Aalso showed high resistance to rice leaf blast and rice panicle blast.Mingxing A and Yanyuan A were susceptible to both rice leaf blast and rice panicle blast,and 12 Sand Minxiang A were susceptible to rice seedling blast,rice leaf blast and rice panicleblast.Mingxing A,Yanyuan A and Fufeng 5Apossessed high resistance frequencies to four strains(I34.1,I24.1,I36.1and I35.1)of main pathotypes in Fujian,while M76 Aand Fuxiang 1Ashowed low resistance frequencies to strains I24.1and I36.1,respectively.12 Sshowed low resistance frequencies to strains I34.1and I36.1and Minxiang A showed low resistance frequencies to strains I34.1,I36.1and I35.1.【Conclusion】The resistances of M76 A,Fufeng 5Aand Fuxiang 1Ato M.griseain Fujian were strong and they could be used as candidate parents for rice breeding.Mingxing A,Yanyuan A,12 Sand Minxiang A should be hybridized with restorer lines that had strong resistance to M.grisea.


The electrocaloric effect (ECE) is a phenomenon in which a material shows a reversible temperature change under an applied electric field. There are some problems with conventional refrigerators. Since the conventional refrigerator operates by using a compressor, vibration is inevitable. Conventional refrigerators also use Freon as refrigerants; however, the use of Freon has been implicated in ozone depletion. Other disadvantages include the difficulty of downscaling. Thermoelectric cooling is possible using a Peltier device, considered a solid-state cooling device; however, low efficiency has been a hindrance to wider application. From the viewpoint of innovation in refrigeration, cooling based on new mechanisms is expected. ECE is considered to be one of these new cooling mechanisms. In terms of direct measurement of the ∆T, there are some difficulties. Reports on the direct measurement of ∆T have been limited thus far, probably due to the difficulties. In this study, the electrocaloric temperature change, ∆T, due to applied ∆E was calculated measured directly. Figure 1 shows the Poplarization-electric field (P-E), strain-electric field (S-E) loops and the temperature-electric field (T-E) loops of the Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3 ceramics The comparison with the estimations from indirect approach based on Maxwell's equation will be discussed. This study is partly supported by grant from KAKENHI #26420684, GRENE(Green Network of Excellence) project from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.


More than one-fourth of urologists say they have specific plans to retire within the next 2 years. An ongoing drop in reimbursement, feeling burned out, and government mandates are the primary factors affecting when they will retire, according to the 13th annual Urology Times State of the Specialty survey.


Summary The lag of a thermometer, situated in a medium whose temperature is changing, is of practical interest in the case of ascending aeroplanes and balloons. The medium in this case is the atmosphere; but application might also be made to the case where the variable temperature of any other medium, say a liquid, is to be determined by the thermometer as a function of the time. In the following paper we suppose the temperature of the medium to change uniformly. Expressions are given for the steady values of the lags for spherical and cylindrical bulbs, when the surface conductivity is finite; and for the lags at any instant when the surface conductivity is infinite. The lag of the mean temperature of the bulb behind that of the medium is, when steady, of the form MG ρσ/K, where G is the constant rate of change of temperature of the medium, ρ is the density, σ the specific heat, and K the thermal conductivity of the substance in the thermometer bulb. M is a numerical constant whose value depends on the s...


working-class manufacturing town to a service-based economy, where approximately 40% of its businesses offer 'spiritual' products, is a fitting end to the book, as precisely this transition has been seen across varied Western cultures, more or less. The ideas underpinning Gauthier and Martikainen's volume are not new, as the seminal article by David Loy, 'The Religion of the Market,' was published in 1997, almost 20 years ago. What the collection offers, however, is a more detailed set of empirical case studies that illustrate the depth of the imbrication between religion, spirituality, and the late-capitalist, neoliberal economy. There are some omissions and weak spots, particularly in the area of why people consume, and what consumption means, despite the 'Introduction' opening up these topics. The whole oeuvre of Colin Campbell springs to mind, with its emphasis on desire and emulative fantasy as a Romantic legacy, which nevertheless dovetails with the capitalist economy's demand that citizens consume. His theoretical position is fully articulated in The Romantic Ethic and the Spirit of Modern Consumerism (2005 [1987]), but of particular relevance is the chapter 'I Shop Therefore I Know I Am: The Metaphysical Basis of Modern Consumerism' in Karin M. Ekström and Helene Brembeck's edited volume, Elusive Consumption (2004). Yet these are relatively minor criticisms that do not compromise the value of the book; Religion in Consumer Society: Brands, Consumers and Markets is strongly recommended.


The incidence of endocrine disorders in various parts of the North and West is fairly well known, and several statistical analyses have appeared in the literature. Less is known of the relative frequency of the appearance of several endocrinopathies in the Southeast, and the present data have been compiled to correct this omission. This record derives from the tiles of the Good Samaritan Clinic in Atlanta, Ga., a city which is geographically the center of the area under consideration. While a majority of the patients are residents of the city or county, a fair proportion come from other portions of the state or from those states adjoining it. The present figures, on this basis, may be regarded as fairly representative, particularly as the Clinic is the only one in the entire section devoted exclusively to endocrine disorders. A free clinic, maintained by public funds and aided by some individual private gifts, it enjoys no hospital facilities and thus can receive only ambulatory cases. When a diagnosis ha...


In the past three decades, significant progress has been made in advancing victims' rights, ensuring comprehensive services for crime victims, and restoring victims as active participants in the criminal justice system in India. However, some victims, particularly those with disabilities, often remain marginalised. This paper examines how prejudices, stereotypes, and misconceptions contribute to the lack of participation of people with disabilities in the criminal justice process in India and how they are often compounded by societal assumptions, stereotyping, and misconceptions. It is argued that for too long, the criminal justice system has failed to adequately address the unique circumstances of people with disabilities. Specifically, this paper explores ways to assist crime victims with disabilities in accessing the criminal justice system, exercising their rights as victims of crime (some of which have legal standing, while others do not), and maximizing their participation in the criminal justice process. Finally, it is concluded that there must be a widespread cultural change among the police, the legal profession, the judiciary, the disability sector, and the general public to better assist victims with disabilities in the aftermath of crime.


- Volume I.- Survey Paper.- Volume I: Hypersonics, Shock Tube and Shock Tunnel Flow - An Introductory Survey.- Plenary Lectures.- A Life with Shock Waves (Ernst Mach Memorial Lecture).- Computational Analysis on Generic Forms in European Hypersonic Facilities: Standard Model Electre and Hyperboloid-Flare.- Shock Tube Investigations of Combustion Phenomena in Supersonic Flows.- 1: Hypersonic Flow and Aerospace Studies.- Interference and Transient Effects on Compression Ramp Flows at Hypersonic Mach Numbers 41.- Effects of Leading-Edge Bluntness on Control Flap Effectiveness at Hypersonic Speeds.- Measuring the Effect of Nose Bluntness on Drag of a Cone in a Hypervelocity Shock Tunnel Facility.- Navier-Stokes Simulation and Measurement of Cone Drag at M? = 7.9.- The Boundary Layer on a Sharp Cone in High-Enthalpy Flow.- Shock Wave Interactions in Hypervelocity Flow.- Experimental Investigation of Shock-on-Shock Interactions in the High-Enthalpy Shock Tunnel Gottingen (HEG).- Oblique Shock Interactions with Mach Number Distributions.- Shock Wave/Boundary Layer Interaction in High-Enthalpy Compression Corner Flow.- Strength of Characteristics at a Curved Shock Wave.- Blunt Body Flow - The Transonic Region.- Shock Tube Application to the Study of Compressible Turbulent Boundary Layer With Mass Injection.- Interaction of Thermal Protection Materials with the High-Enthalpy Flow of the Arc-Heated Wind Tunnel LBK.- An Attractor-Driven Approximation for Turbulent Burst Dynamics in a Supersonic Free Shear Layer.- Effect of Nozzle Configurations on Unsymmetrical Supersonic Flows.- Radiative Heat Transfer from a Shock Layer Generated Around a Projectile Launched in a Ballistic Range.- Aerodynamic Heating in Three-Dimensional Bow Shock Wave/Turbulent Boundary Layer Interaction Region.- Parabolic Viscous Shock Layer Theory for 3D Hypersonic Gas Flow.- Viscous Hypersonic Flow over a Body Flying Through a Thermal in the Atmosphere.- 2: Combustion and Ram Accelerators.- Hydrogen Mixing and Combustion in a High-Enthalpy Hypersonic Stream.- Transverse Jet Mixing and Combustion Experiments in the Hypersonic Shock Tunnel T5 at GALCIT.- Three-Dimensional Mixing Flow Field in Supersonic Flow Induced by Injected Secondary Flow Through a Traverse Circular Nozzle.- Limitations of the Ram Accelerator.- Stability Studies of Detonation Driven Projectiles.- Bow Shock Wave Heating and Ablation of a Sharp-Nosed Projectile Flying Inside a Ram Accelerator.- In-Tube Photography of Ram Accelerator Projectiles.- 3: Shock Tube Technology and Diagnostic Techniques.- Hypervelocity Aerodynamics in a Superorbital Expansion Tube.- Influence of Secondary Diaphragm on Flow Quality in Expansion Tubes.- Noise Reduction in Argon Driven Expansion Tubes.- On the Principle, Design, and Performance of an Expansion-Shock Tube for Nucleation Studies.- High-Frequency Generation of High-Pressure Pulses Using a Diaphragmless Shock Tube.- A New Diaphragmless Shock Tube Facility for Interface Instability and Mach Reflection Studies.- Analysis of Calibration Results in the High-Enthalpy F4 Hot-Shot Wind Tunnel.- The Taylored Nozzle: A Method for Reducing the Convective Heat Transfer to Nozzle Throats by Gasdynamic Shielding.- Dealing with Pressure Oscillations in Stalker Tubes.- Comparison of the Flow in the High-Enthalpy Shock Tunnel in Gottingen with Numerical Simulations.- A Numerical and Experimental Study of the Free Piston Shock Tunnel.- Use of Argon-Helium Driver-Gas Mixtures in the T4 Shock Tunnel.- A Velocity Interferometric Study of the Performance of a Gas Gun.- Balances for the Measurement of Multiple Components of Force in Flows of a Millisecond Duration.- Further Developments of the ISL Millisecond Aerodynamic Force Measurement Technique.- Six-Component Force Measurement in the Aachen Shock Tunnel.- Driver Gas Detection by Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry in Shock Tunnels.- Skin Friction Measurements and Reynolds Analogy in a Hypersonic Boundary Layer.- Optical Studies of the Flow Start-up in Convergent-Divergent Nozzles.- Two Electric Discharge Methods for Visualizing Three-Dimensional Shock Shapes Around Hypersonic Vehicles.- Dual-Laser PLIF Imaging Techniques for Shock Tube Studies of Mixing and Combustion.- An Examination of the Aachen Shock Tunnel TH2 Gas Flows Using the HEG PLIF Apparatus.- 4: Numerical Computations.- Comparison of Numerical Methods 1: DSMC Simulations and N-S Predictions on Bluff Bodies.- Application of Multiblock Codes for Computational Aerothermodynamics of Hypersonic Vehicles.- Numerical Analysis of Shock/Shock and Shock/Body Interactions for 3D Configurations.- Hypersonic Shock-Wave/Boundary Layer Interactions with an Implicit Navier-Stokes Solver.- Visualisation of Shock Waves in Hypersonic CFD Solutions.- Shock Wave Interactions in Hypersonic Flow.- Numerical Simulation of Transient Bluff Body Flows.- An Efficient Unstructured Euler Solver for Transient Shocked Flows.- CTH: A Software Family for Multi-Dimensional Shock Physics Analysis.- Computation of Viscous Shock/Shock Interactions with an Upwind LU Implicit Scheme.- Numerical Calculations in Support of Complex Shock Interactions.- Numerical Simulation of Shock Induced Unsteady Aerodynamic Heating with a Highly Dense Mesh System.- A Comparison Study of Two Finite-Element Schemes for Computation of Shock Waves.- Adaptive Mesh Refinement Computation of Compressible Flow.- Shock-Capturing Schemes with Entropy Corrections and Dynamically Adaptive Unstructured Meshes.- Computing Complex Shocked Flows Through the Euler Equations.- A Third-Order ENO Scheme on Unstructured Meshes. Application to Shock Wave Calculations.- Numerical Simulation of Compressible Viscous Flows.- Time-Dependent Simulation of Reflected-Shock/Boundary Layer Interaction in Shock Tubes.- Numerical Simulation of Viscous Flow in a Super-Orbital Expansion Tube.- Analysis of the Flow Perturbations in a Shock Tube Due to the Curvature of the Diaphragm.- One-Dimensional Simulation of Free-Piston Shock Tunnel/Expansion Tubes.- Author Index.


The dynamics of a modulated electron beam in a plasma barrier is studied via computer simulations using the 1D and 2D models for a wide range of parameters, such as initial beam modulation depth, electron beam current density and plasma density profile. The effects of competition between the resonant mode of a beam–plasma system and space charge wave of the beam at the modulation frequency are discussed. The influence of the beam–plasma turbulence mode on the evolution of the modulated beam is studied. The evolution of the velocity distribution function of the modulated beam during its motion in the dense plasma is considered, and the influence of background plasma inhomogeneity on the modulated beam evolution is also studied. For 2D simulation the influence of the beam transversal restriction is discussed. The simulation results are compared with previous laboratory experiments.


Abstract We present an overview of our recent developments of relativistic generalized-active-space coupled cluster and its initial applications to heavy-element systems. The new genuinely string-based method may treat coupled cluster expansions of general order and simulate multi-reference expansions by including higher excitations in properly constructed active spinor spaces. The four-component Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian or any approximation to it may be employed, and the underlying spinors are assumed and required to be time-reversal partners. The capability of the new approach is demonstrated and discussed in sample applications to HBr and BiH.


Atrial fibrillation in the form of permanent and paroxysmal forms often complicates the course of atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis [1, 2, 3, 12, 16, 17]. Atrial fibrillation, despite the absence of parallelism with the degree of structural changes in the heart, is the result of significant shifts in the physiological properties of the heart muscle and, regardless of the causes that caused it, it can lead to severe circulatory insufficiency with retrograde stagnation. However, the constant form of atrial fibrillation and its paroxysms have different effects on intracardiac hemodynamics and the functional state of the myocardium.


LOFAR single station observation mode is often used for ionospheric
studies. Observations of A-Team (the brightest radio sources CasA, CygA,
TauA) enables measure of ionospheric scintillation. Relatively low
brightness of the radio sources compared to signals coming from the Earth
and originating from man-made activity (in particular RFI) can make the
analysis difficult. In order to fully utilize the data, it is necessary to
apply methods that eliminate interference. Combination of broadband
observations and careful selection of observation frequencies should also
improve the results. Another problem is the frequency (very low compared
to GPS) which requires very careful data analysis. We observe large
structures in relatively quiet conditions and low velocity of ionospheric
drift resulting in low frequency scintillations compared to GPS.

Amplitude observations conducted as a standard observations suggest using
the S4 index to monitor the state of the ionosphere. In this paper, we
present methods for calculating the S4 index for LOFAR data that
eliminates the obstacles mentioned above. We compare different methods
that resolve the problem and present the results.
Signal spectra were also examined in detail to explore the possibility of
using them to eliminate interference effects. The analyzes were carried
out on the basis of data collected during the last 3 years at the PL610
station in Borowiec.


S ince Feuerstein and Mims' first described a syndrome of nevus sebaceus, convulsions, and mental retardation in the English literature in 1962, similar case reports^" followed. Then the syndrome was established as a neurocutaneous syndrome. Subsequently, a variety of congenital malformations of the eye 2-5,7,10 12 3^j Qf ji^e skeIetal,^'^-^-«" vascular,^'^*'*' and urogenital systems^ were described in association with nevus sebaceus. Nevus sebaceus associated with neurologic abnormalities is a well-defined but rare entity. Furthermore, reports confirming responsible organic brain lesions are limited in number. We describe herein a case of nevus sebaceus associated with a middle cerebral arteriovenous malformation that has not previously been reported.


Using Hodge decomposition theorem, this paper obtains W1,q -regularity for very weak solutions to non-homogeneous A-harmonic systems-Di(Aij(x,u,Du))+Bj(x,u,Du) = 0, j = 1,… ,m and generalizes the corresponding results in [6-8].