This paper proposes an evolutionary ensemble model based on a Genetic Algorithm (GAEEM) to predict the transmission trend of infectious diseases based on ensemble again and prediction again. The model utilizes the strong global optimization capability of GA for tuning the ensemble structure. Compared with the traditional ensemble learning model, GAEEM has three main advantages: 1) It is set to address the problems of information leakage in the traditional Stacking strategy and overfitting in the Blending strategy. 2) It uses a GA to optimize the combination of base learners and determine the sub. 3) The feature dimension of the data used in this layer is extended based on the optimal base learner combination prediction information data, which can reduce the risk of underfitting and increase prediction accuracy. The experimental results show that the R2 performance of the model in the six cities data set is higher than all the comparison models by 0.18 on average. The MAE and MSE are lower than 42.98 and 42,689.72 on average. The fitting performance is more stable in each data set and shows good generalization, which can predict the epidemic spread trend of each city more accurately.


Obtaining record harvests of grain crops in Russia in recent years has led to a decrease in soil fertility and degradation of agricultural lands. More than 40 million hectares of arable land require restoration. The lack of organic raw materials does not contribute to the restoration of soil fertility, and the manure and manure produced are the main sources of en-vironmental pollution. The purpose of the work was to develop trends in the development of technical means for recycling organic waste from agri-cultural production. The main method for achieving the goal was a system-atic analysis of literary sources on this topic and the results of the authors' own research. The results of the recycling of liquid, semi-liquid and solid manure into concentrated organic fertilizers are given. The main develop-ment trends: the ability to interact with animal husbandry and crop produc-tion; transfer of raw materials (organic waste of animal husbandry and crop production) into a product in the form of high-quality concentrated organic fertilizers, necessary for the restoration of soil fertility; digitalization of technological processes for the production of KOU and their differentiated application to the field by scanning the qualitative composition of nutrients in the production layer of the soil.


The features of the application of high-purity substances for studying rare nuclear events in astrophysics, in particular double beta decay, are considered. It was noted that for such studies, the special underground laboratories are needed to eliminate the cosmic radiation background, and the use of high-purity materials for possibility to record rare nuclear events. The content of neutral impurity elements should not exceed 0.1 ppm, and the level of radionuclide contamination should be less than units mBq/kg. At the NSC KIPT, the technologies have been developed for the production of high-purity refractory (W, Mo, Re, Ru, Os) and low-melting metals (Zn, Cd, Te, arch Pb), including isotopically-enriched 106 Cd, 116 Cd, satisfying these requirements. Using these metals both as individual elements and as part of low-background scintillation single crystals, it was possible to obtain a number of new fundamental results in the field of astrophysics, together with the Institute for Nuclear Research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Gran Sasso Laboratory of the National Institute of Physics (Italy).


For properly chosen elastomer compounds, thermorheological characterization is combined with an examination of the variation of the wet sliding friction with temperature. A conceptual argument leads to the assumption that the wet sliding friction should maximize at the energy dissipation peak associated with the dynamic softening transition at a characteristic frequency determined by the sliding speed and the effective smallest surface asperity scale. The dynamic softening transition is characterized with the peak in tan δ/G' n , where tan δ is the loss tangent, G' is the elastic modulus, and n is a constant between 0 and 1. The William-Landel-Ferry transform is uncritically applied for extrapolating the position of the peak in tan δ/G' n at high frequencies. Even based on the criterion of tan 8, the results obtained on a concrete surface indicate that the effective smallest asperity scale is of order of 100 μm.


The land issues comprise all social, economical and legal measures that determine the access to land and allocation of land related benefits. Land administration plays important role in obtaining national political objectives by operating land policy instruments properly. This paper aims to discuss various land policy issues in Nepal. The literature regarding land policy and land administration, concerning laws and reports are reviewed. The concept and definition of land policy and land administration and their relationship is provided first; and then the land policy issues and major challenges are discussed, some measures to overcome such challenges are also presented; and conclusion is drawn from the whole study. Lack of national land policy and land use policy, no guarantee of registered deed, lack of fair compensation in case of expropriation, lack of clear government policy to regulate land market, improper land valuation system, traditional, complex and cumbersome procedure, lack of coordination between land administration organizations, poor management of land records, manual recording system, lack of one stop shopping, difficult to retrieve land information, lack of skilled manpower, misuse of public land, lack of national policy to provide land to the landless and poor people and protection of rights of the indigeneous people are the major problems identified from the study. Formulation of national land policy and land use policy addressing all land issues, improvement in registration system, simplification of procedures, integration of land administration organizations, digitization of land records, establishment of National Spatial Data Infrastructure, providing online services and hiring trained manpower/providing training to existing manpower are some of the measures for improvement in the existing land administration system of Nepal.


The author exposes in detail at the different approaches to risk assessment that have developed in food toxicology and radiation protection, in the hope that a better understanding of how these differences arose, and what they are based upon will lead to a better understanding of how to develop compatible scientifically based criteria for action in the future


Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is one of the ancient neuropathic disorders which torments a significant proportion of the population. Although Carbamazepine is the first line drug of choice in the treatment of this debility, cases falling into the domain of intractable neuralgia fail to respond to maximum tolerable doses of the drug. In such cases, Oxcarbazepine (OXC) may be given more preference owing to the minor risk for drug interactions and its better tolerability in comparison with CBZ. This study was designed to study the therapeutic effectiveness of OXC in intractable TN using Efficacy index of Clinical Global Impressions (CGI) score, also accounting for the adverse effects using Liverpool Adverse Events Profile.


We demonstrate distributed quantum sensing in field and show the unconditional violation (without post-selection) of shot-noise limit up to 0.916 dB with the averaged heralding efficiency of 73.88% for the field distance of 240 m.


Rrecent progress on the technology used to fabricate optical micro cavities has made it easy to fabricate ultra-high Q cavities. As the light is strongly confined in such a cavity, an interaction between the light and matter can be easily obtained. As a result, we can use various optical nonlinear effects efficiently within the cavities. A silica toroid microcavity was proposed by Vahala's group in 2003 [1]. The characteristic of this kind of cavity is an ultra-high Q and the highest reported value is 4 10 [2]. This is a much higher Q than can be obtained with a silicon microring resonator (Q 1.43 10 ) [3] or a photonic crystal (Q 1.43 10 ) [4]. Although silica microsphere cavities have much higher Q value of 10 [5], a toroid cavity has a superior capacity for integration on a chip because it can be fabricated on a Si chip. So it has been used for many applications related to lasers, sensors and cavity quantum electro dynamics (QED). In this work, we constructed a system for performing a laser reflow process, which is an important part of the procedure used for fabricating silica toroid microcavities, in order to study the application of the cavity. We successfully achieved the trial fabrication of a silica toroid microcavity, and we are now ready to study its application.


Chemotaxonomic studies were performed on some gram-positive coryneform bacteria of uncertain taxonomic position isolated from human skin. The results indicate that the cutaneous strains represent a new mycolic acid-less Corynebacterium species for which the name Corynebacterium amycolatum sp. nov. is proposed.


: We extend our investigation on Couch-Torrence conformal inversions of BHs and D-branes in various directions. We analyse asymptotically flat rotating charged BHs in D = 4, in particular extremal rotating BHs in STU supergavity, and find invariance for special choices of the charges. Due to the dependence of the critical radii on the impact parameter(s), the relation between the scattering angle for geodesics outside the photon-halo and the in-spiralling angle for geodesics inside the photon-halo is modified by the inclusion of a boundary term. We also consider rotating BHs in D = 5 and rotating D3-branes and find invariance under generalised Couch-Torrence inversions for special choices of the angular momenta. Alas we don't find any similar symmetry for smooth horizonless geometries. Moreover, relying on the surprising connection between classical BH perturbation theory and quantum Seiberg-Witten curves for N = 2 SYM theories, we study scalar wave equations in these backgrounds and identify the near super-radiant modes produced in near-extremal BH mergers. Finally, we study scalar fluctuations around Kerr-Newman BHs in AdS 4 and find stringent conditions for generalised Couch-Torrence symmetry that are relaxed in the extremal case or by allowing a rescaling of the wave function.


Three novel amphiphilic alloxazinium salts were prepared: 3-dodecyl-5-ethyl-7,8,10-trimethylisoalloxazinium perchlorate ( 1c ), 1-dodecyl-5-ethyl-3-methylalloxazinium perchlorate ( 2b ), and 3-dodecyl-5-ethyl-1-methylalloxazinium perchlorate ( 2c ). Their catalytic activity in thioanisole ( 3 ) oxidation with hydrogen peroxide was investigated in micelles of sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), hexadecyltrimethylammonium nitrate (CTANO 3 ) and Brij 35. Reaction rates were strongly dependent on the catalyst structure, on the type of micelles, and on pH value. Alloxazinium salts 2 were more effective catalysts than isoalloxazinium salts 1 . Due to the contribution of micellar catalysis, the v cat / v 0 ratio of the catalyzed and non-catalyzed reaction rates was almost 80 with salt 2b solubilized in CTANO 3 micelles. Nevertheless, the highest acceleration was observed with non-amphiphilic 5-ethyl-1,3-dimethylalloxazinium perchlorate ( 2a ) in CTANO 3 micelles ( v cat / v 0 = 134). In this case, salt 2a presumably acts as a phase-transfer catalyst bringing hydrogen peroxide from the aqueous phase into the micelle interior. Synthetic applicability of the investigated catalytic systems was verified on semi-preparative scale.


Introduction: Diagnosis of TB is difficult in specimens having low number of bacilli. In recent times, CBNAAT is used due to its rapidity, sensitivity and specificity The heterogeneous clinical presentations, pauci-bacillary nature and difficulty in obtaining specimens (often requiring invasive procedures) make the diagnosis of TB, a challenging task and hence the requirement for a rapid, simplified and cost effective diagnostic tool arises.
Objectives: To determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of CBNAAT for diagnosis of Tuberculosis from specimens other than sputum.
Methodology:
Study Design-Longitudinal prospective study, Duration of Study-1 year study period, Study Setting -RNTCP Cell in the Department of Respiratory Medicine, MMCHRI, Sample Size-60, Study Population-Sputum Negative Presumptive Pulmonary and Extra pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients, Sample Collection- BAL, Pleural Fluid, Pus Aspirate, CSF, Lymph Node aspirate, Ascitic Fluid, Gastric Aspirate, Synovial Fluid.
Results:
In our study Majority of study population were in the age group of Less than 30(30%). About 25% were in the age group of more than 61 years. Nearly 12% were in the age group of 41-50 years. About 15% were in the age group of 31-40 years. Nearly 18% were in the age group of 51-60 years. In our study 63% were males and 37% were females. In our study 40% are smokers and 60% are nonsmokers. In our study 27% are diabetics and 73% are non-diabetics. In our study 3.4% had HIV and 96.6% are HIV negative. 10% of study population had previously taken ATT and 90% had not taken ATT. About 25% tested positive for CBNAAT test and 75% tested negative for the test.
Conclusion:
The diagnosis of Tuberculosis remains challenging since the number of M.tb bacilli present in tissue at the site of disease is often low and clinical specimen from deep seated organs may be difficult to obtain. CBNAAT provides an edge over other methods by reducing the time required for diagnosis and precision in detection of M.tb bacilli not only in sputum samples but also in extra-pulmonary specimens.


The Fairchild 7B centrifugal compressor used in the X-326 isotopic ''top'' cascade at the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant has been modeled using a proprietary computer code called COMPAL by Concepts E.T.I., Inc. of Norwich, VT. The 7B compressor is described and some results of the modeling calculations are presented. Performance characteristics curves (PR/sub b/vs. flow and PR/sub a/) are included for UF/sub 6/ gas for two compressor inlet temperatures.


We develop a theory which unifies the universal (co)acting bi/Hopf algebras as studied by Sweedler, Manin and Tambara with the recently introduced \cite{AGV1} bi/Hopf-algebras that are universal among all support equivalent (co)acting bi/Hopf algebras. Our approach uses vector spaces endowed with a family of linear maps between tensor powers of $A$, called $\Omega$-algebras. This allows us to treat algebras, coalgebras, braided vector spaces and many other structures in a unified way. We study $V$-universal measuring coalgebras and $V$-universal comeasuring algebras between $\Omega$-algebras $A$ and $B$, relative to a fixed subspace $V$ of $\Vect(A,B)$. By considering the case $A=B$, we derive the notion of a $V$-universal (co)acting bialgebra (and Hopf algebra) for a given algebra $A$. In particular, this leads to a refinement of the existence conditions for the Manin-Tambara universal coacting bi/Hopf algebras. We establish an isomorphism between the $V$-universal acting bi/Hopf algebra and the finite dual of the $V$-universal coacting bi/Hopf algebra under certain conditions on $V$ in terms of the finite topology on $\End_F(A)$.


In this paper, a flexible and cost-effective micro thermal flow sensor based on the slope monitoring of electrochemical impedance changes is proposed for ion solution. Unlike the thermal flow sensors with thermo-resistive or thermoelectric transduction principles, the proposed flow sensor uses the electrochemical impedance of ion solution as a thermistor to sense the temperature change aroused by the fluid flow. Based on this mechanism, the detection range of the fabricated micro flow sensor implemented on the PI substrate is from 0 μm/s to 1000 μm/s, and the overheating temperature is lower than 5 °C. Besides, a one-dimensional (1-D) transient theoretical model is proposed, which is in good agreement with the experimental data. This model will be used to optimize the impedance-based flow sensor performance with very low detection limits for ion solution in the future.


Abstract Viruses pose a significant constraint to hop (Humulus lupulus) production worldwide. The incidence of Hop latent carlavirus (HpLV), Hop mosaic carlavirus (HpMV), American hop latent carlavirus (AHLV), Arabis mosaic nepovirus‐hop strain (ArMV‐H), and Apple mosaic ilarvirus (hop ApMV‐H and intermediate ApMV‐I serotypes) was assessed in 60 gardens at 11 locations (farms) in the Motueka province of New Zealand. The survey included 10 New Zealand‐bred hop cultivars. Within each garden, one basal shoot was sampled from each of 50–75 plants and bulk‐tested in groups of five by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Viruses were prevalent, with HpLV, ApMV (H+I), ArMV‐H, HpMV, and AHLV occurring in 55, 41, 37, 37, and 17 of the 60 gardens, respectively. ApMV and HpLV occurred at highest incidence, with 22 and 15 gardens, respectively, having >50% incidence. HpMV, ArMV‐H, and AHLV occurred at lower incidence with only four, two, and one gardens, respectively, having >50% incidence. Results suggested the prevalence and incidence of viruses was high and of concern to the continued production of high yields in New Zealand.


The purpose of this review was to examine articles related to professional values, self-efficacy and job satisfaction of obstetric nurses across job-related challenges across different countries and cultures, as well as to identify specific studies that have been carried out exclusively in China. The review was undertaken in two stages, an initial review and an updated review. At both stages systematic literature searches of online databases were performed to identify articles on the professional values, self-efficacy and job satisfaction of obstetric nurses across job-related challenges. A total of 27 articles concerning research were included in the final analysis. professional values; self-efficacy; job satisfaction; obstetric nurses; job-related challenges


In this paper, the impact of ballistic/quasi-ballistic carrier transport on the switch of a CMOS inverter and on the noise margin of a 6T SRAM cell, both based on Double-Gate MOSFETs (DGMOS), is analysed using mixed-mode simulations. To simulate ballistic and quasiballistic transport, we introduce the pioneering approach of quasi-ballistic mobility proposed by Rhew et al into a TCAD simulator. Finally, we demonstrate the direct relation between the nature of transport in the channel and the 6T SRAM cell static performances.


Josephson currents, implying Cooper pairs tunneling, and quasi‐particle currents, implying single electron tunneling, are discussed in terms of HTS superconducting and normal state properties, respectively. Two examples of Josephson measurements reported in the literature give contradictory indication about the symmetry of the superconducting state in the YBaCuO compound. On the other hand, normal state tunneling characteristics measured both in bismuth oxides and cuprate superconductors, indicate an universal relationship between the slope of the linear DOS and the value of the conductance at zero bias in these materials.


Experimental measurements have shown that plutonium alloys exhibit changes of their macroscopic as well as microscopic properties. For example, a swelling of plutonium alloys was observed with aging with dilatometry and X-ray diffraction. The main idea to explain these changes rises in self irradiation undergoing by those materials. Plutonium {alpha} decay is at the origin of displacements cascades creating a large amount of structural defects. These later by annihilation and recombination give rise to larger defects such as voids and clusters. The aim of this work is to study the occurrence of such phenomena combining ab-initio, molecular dynamic and Monte Carlo methods in a coherent multi-scale approach which would help to understand long term behavior of structural defects and consequences of self irradiation. We show that plutonium does not seem to behave like other metals under ion irradiation. We discuss results obtained for high energy displacements cascade simulations. After parametric study of displacements cascade simulations combining temperature and cascade energy has been exposed, superposition of low energies displacements cascades is discussed as a method to construct realistic defect microstructures and to reach a rational use of computational time. At the end, we will present results of preliminary Monte Carlo simulationsmore » based on our molecular dynamic data which show that the spatial correlation of the stable defects populations created by the cascades seems to have a great influence on the predicted swelling. (authors)« less


Introduction Telephone quitlines are an effective way to provide evidence-based tobacco dependence treatment services at the population level. Information about what services quitlines offer and how those services are used may improve their reach to the smoking population. Methods The North American Quitline Consortium surveyed state quitlines in 2005 and 2006 to get information about quitline services, funding, and use. We report changes between 2005 and 2006. Results By 2006, all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico had quitlines, and annual mean reach was approximately 1% of US adult smokers (aged 18 years or older). Significant increases were seen in mean quitline reach, mean per capita funding for quitline services, and provision of free cessation medications; otherwise, few changes were seen in quitline services. Conclusions Quitlines have the potential to serve a large percentage of smokers. Between 2005 and 2006, gains in the number, reach, and per capita funding for quitline services in the United States were seen. Although this represents progress, further research and investment to optimize quitline service delivery and reach are required for quitlines to fulfill their potential of improving the health of the American population.


Objective To unveil the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants in signaling and involvement in cancer progression and therapy. Background Cancer is considered one of the main causes of mortality in developed countries and expected to be more in developing countries as well. Although some cancers may develop at young age, yet almost all types of cancers are an accumulation of genetic and epigenetic cell damages. Cancer is considered a diverse collection of diseases on a cellular level rather than a single disease; and each disease has a different cause as well. ROS have been seen as harmful toxic molecules; however, they are recognized for cellular signaling capabilities. Elevated levels of ROS have protumorigenic activities; they induce cancer cell proliferation, and adaptation to hypoxia in addition to other effects like DNA damage and genetic instability. They are produced excessively by cancer cells to hyperactivate cellular transformation meanwhile increasing antioxidant capacity to avoid cell death. Methods We discussed peer reviewed published research work from 1987 to 2021. In this paper, we review the role of antioxidants as defensive barrier against excessive ROS levels for maintaining oxidation-reduction (redox) balance; however, antioxidant can also strive in tumor cells with their scavenging capacities and maintain protumorigenic signaling and resist the cancer cell oxidative stress and apoptosis. High doses of antioxidant compounds could be toxic to cells as they are capable of reacting with the physiological concentrations of ROS present for normal cellular processes and signaling. Conclusions Maintaining cellular redox homeostasis is vital for healthy biological system. Therefore, therapeutic modalities for cancer including antioxidants and ROS management should be used at certain doses to target specific redox pathways involved in cancer progression without disrupting the overall redox balance in normal cells.


Objective Distinguish the drugs from other white substances.Method Raman spectroscopy was applied to separating seven kinds drug of different composition and five kinds of white powder.Results Each of the7kinds of drugs has perfect Raman spectrum.We can distinguish the contents of them according to the different Raman shift of peaks.In addition,we can distinguish5kinds of ordinary white powders from these7kinds of drugs according to the Raman spectrum.Conclusion Raman spectroscopy is suitable to distinguish the drugs quickly and accurately.


Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo. 1997. ''Rethinking Racism: Toward a Structural Interpretation.'' American Sociological Review 62(3):465–80. Emirbayer, Mustafa, and Matthew Desmond. 2015. The Racial Order. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Feagin, Joe. 2006. Systemic Racism: A Theory of Oppression. New York: Routledge. Feagin, Joe. 2010. The White Racial Frame: Centuries of Racial Framing and Counter-Framing. New York: Routledge. Omi, Michael, and Howard Winant. 2014. Racial Formation in the United States. New York: Routledge. Sewell, William H., Jr. 1992. ''A Theory of Structure: Duality, Agency, and Transformation.'' The American Journal of Sociology 98(1):1–29.


Since the need for aesthetic, general and inclusive and deeply linked to contemporary human life, due to the importance of what these letters contained of ideas and knowledge in the field of beauty and art .We decided to study these ideas under Ikhwan Al Safa  philosophy of art and beauty  title. Our goal in this illustrating the Arabic and Islamic library that with useful and unique, because th subject is so far has not been studied independently, hoping we success in that . in order to explain a circle of the beauty concepts  and its development at Arabs and Muslims, and that required   research brief, followed by two themes:
First: Ikhwan Al-SAFA philosophy of beauty and art .
II: Ikhwan Al-Safa ' theory of art  and includes principles and application.
The tabulation above that research aims to expose  the standards in the philosophical thought of the Ikhwan Al-SAFA


In this paper, we describe the main challenges in wireless sensors network, as being the basic element of the development of IOT and smart cities.


Introduction The noise properties of perpendicular magnetic recording head media, unlike those of longitudinal recording head media, are not always clear. However, continuing this discussion with practical use as a premise, the head output S/N ratio is an important element in evaluations. We felt that it would be meaningful to understand those noise properties. With this in mind, we chose and evaluated perpendicular recording head media and flexible disk device head media.


CAMPOS, Fernanda Vidal de, M.Sc., Universidade Federal de Viçosa, january, 2014. The response of antioxidative metabolism of Pistia stratiotes L. (Araceae) subjected to arsenite. Adviser: Juraci Alves de Oliveira. Co-advisor : José Cambraia. Pistia stratiotes plants were subjected to different concentrations of arsenite (As ) in order to assess the intensity of oxidative stress generated by this metalloid and antioxidant responses involved in tolerance in this species. After acclimatization (5 days) in Clark nutrient solution 1⁄4 ionic strength and pH 6.5, the plants were exposed to four treatments: control (nutrient solution), 5, 10 and 20 μM of As III , where remained for 24 hours to biochemical analyzes, and 4 days for arsenic (As) absorption analysis , visual symptoms and relative growth rate (RGR). Plants of P. stratiotes accumulated high concentrations of As, however, most of this element was retained in roots giving a low translocation factor. The presence of As promoted toxicity symptoms and changes in physiological and biochemical parameters, as evidenced by severe chlorosis, root loss, TCR reduction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase, membrane damages , changes in antioxidant enzymes activity and glutathione content. The results show ed that plants of P. stratiotes exposed to lowest concentration of As III (5 μM) are tolerant to the metalloid, due to efficient performance of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. However, exposure to higher As III concentration resulted in impairment of defense mechanisms, particularly in roots, due to the high accumulation of As in this organ. In this sense, the mechanism of As III toxicity involves increased ROS generation and, in parallel, inhibition of antioxidant mechanisms, resulting in high incidence of oxidative stress. Thus, it can be concluded that P. stratiotes is able to absorb and accumulate high concentrations of As III , however, under higher concentrations of this pollutant, plant metabolism is greatly affected, impacting their ability to tolerate stress


The frontier of medical science has rarely been as exciting and as full of opportunity as it is today. From basic science to clinical research to health services research, the opportunities made available through impressive recent advances in the biomedical, physical, and computational sciences have brought us to a place of unprecedented opportunity. It is also now widely appreciated that present-day biomedical researchers are confronted by vast amounts of data from genome sequencing; microscopy; high-throughput analytical techniques for DNA, RNA, and proteins; and a host of other new experimental technologies. Coupled with enormous advances in computing power, this flow of information should enable scientists to model and understand biological systems in novel ways. Over the last decade, however, the community has come to the realization that new challenges must be faced in efforts towards an effective use of this explosion of data, especially in the development and application of computational analysis and knowledge discovery technologies and methodologies. The Computational Biology Lab (CBL)


EU COURT RULES THAT ROYALTIES FOR UNPATENTED TECHNOLOGY ARE NOT NECESSARILY ANTICOMPETITIVE* On 7 July 2016, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) handed down a judgment on whether…


Diamond was successfully synthesized using an improved radio‐frequency (rf) plasma‐enhanced chemical vapor deposition system. In this system, conventional capacitively coupled parallel‐plate rf (13.56 MHz) discharge plasma was assisted by a compact microwave (2.45 GHz) H2 plasma as a remote hydrogen radical source, and substrate heating was carried out using CO2 laser irradiation. Plasma control in rf discharge region for diamond formation was performed using the hydrogen radical source in this system. This was discussed with optical emission spectroscopy. The hydrogen radical source was improved. When water vapor was mixed to the microwave H2 plasma, namely, using water‐vapor‐enhanced hydrogen radical source, diamond films were grown at a low substrate temperature of 450 °C.


ABSTRACT Putak is one of the alternative energy sources that can  used in poultry ration. However, the utilization of putak is limited due to its anti-nutritional factors especially fibre that could affect the gut health. Thus, it is important to potential feed additives that can improve the health of the digestive tract as well as the digestibility. Probio_FM plus is symbiotic probiotics produced by the Kupang State Polytechnic, but the study of using this probiotics is still very limited. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Probio_FM plus on growth performance of grower broilers fed diet containing putak and without putak. Total of 192 unsex broilers were randomly alloted into 24 pens (8 birds/pen). The experimental design was 2x2 factorial randomized complete design. The treatments were R0P0 (control diet), R0P1 (diet containing no putak + Probio_FM plus ), R1P0 (diet containing no putak + no Probio_FM plus ),  R1P1 (diet containing  putak +  Probio_FM plus ). The data was analysed by using general linear model SAS version 9.1 (2004). The results showed that interaction of probiotic and putak did not affect (P>0.05) body weight gain, feed consumption, and feed efficiency. Birds fed diet containing putak had higher (P<0.05) body weight gain compared to those fed diet without putak. No differences were found in birds fed given Probio_FM plus and no Probio_FM plus . However, numerically birds received Probio_FM plus had higher body weight gain. In conclusion, 1) supplementation of Probio_FM plus in diet containing putak and without putak did not affect growth performance of grower broilers, 2) Putak improved body weight gain of grower broilers. Numerically Probio_FM plus improved body weight gain of grower broilers. Key words: Probiotics, putak


In recent years, owing to the severity of global warming and deduction in petroleum resources quicken the researches to move on sustainable energy resources. Thereby E-mobility has been picturized and fully electric vehicle technology is the major research area nowadays. This paper presents the design methodology of electric traction motor requirement by considering vehicle dynamics and passenger car parameters. Pertaining to the vehicle desired performance, the maximum optimal power is computed. Followed by that power, torque Vs speed profile is determined and the same is compared with the urban and extra-urban drive cycle to estimate the average power and torque. Then the Interior PMSM 2D Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis is planned to carry out with the geometries obtained from analytical calculations for two different slot-pole combinations. The performance differences such as torque Vs speed profile, No-load Back EMF and torque ripple are investigated.


A novel approach to tracking athletes in team sports using multiple cameras is proposed that addresses several issues including occlusions and propagation of wrong information. The strength of this approach lies in the use of belief propagation which enables good observations in some views to compensate for poor observations in other views due e.g. to occlusions. Each target is tracked in each view by a dedicated particle-filter-based local tracker. The trackers in different views interact with each other via belief propagation so that a local tracker operating in one view is able to take advantage of additional information from other views. By combining particle filters and belief propagation in a unified framework, we develop a sequential belief propagation algorithm to perform inference of multi-view target states collaboratively. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method on sequences of soccer games.


The robotic shoe testing system that mechanically simulates human motion was proposed to overcome the problems associated with human subject tests. The objective of this study is to predict new motion trajectory for robot that will produce similar force and moment of particular human motion. In order to solve this problem, it is imperative to understand the dynamics of robot for shoe testing. The methodology using parameter estimation technique was proposed for this problem. Since the dynamics of robot is certainly different from that of human, it is necessary to adapt/modify the robot's trajectory for future analysis, which is currently under investigation.


This article is a description of the author's experience while testifying as an expert witness in a child custody case. The author gives examples of techniques that can be used by the psychologist/witness to reduce anxiety while presenting psychological information in a courtroom. The article validates the idea that careful pretrial preparation is the sine qua non for such an appearance.


Background- When radical mastectomy with en bloc resection of the axillary contents was the primary treatment for Breast Cancer(BC), the
existence of discontinuous metastases or the exact knowledge of patterns of spread of axillary lymph node(ALN) metastases was not a major
concern. In the current era where surgical options for BC include incomplete axillary dissections or ALN sampling, this knowledge of lymph node
spread is essential for making appropriate therapeutic decisions.Axillary dissection is an essential component of breast cancer surgery, intending to
control local recurrence and classify the tumor (pN) stage. Hence the present study is undertaken to study level III ALN dissection in operable cases
of breast cancer.
Method- A total of 55 patients underwent Modied Radical Mastectomy (MRM) with complete axillary clearance. Demographic data and
perioperative details, axillary clearance, histopathological evaluation, surgical outcome and complications were noted.
Result- The majority of studies, age group was from 41-50 years (45.45%). Commonest tumor size was 2-5cm (70.91%). The most common stage
was III-A(43.64%). Commonest quadrant was the upper outer (30.91%). Commonest histological type was ductal (94.55%) and grade was grade
II( 61.82%). Average lymph node dissected per case was 14.3. Percentage of patients with level III lymph node involvement is 50.91% and among
them, most common stage –III-A (53.57%), grade- grade II(67.86%), type- ductal (96.43%), quadrant- upper outer (39.29%), tumour size- 2-5cm
(64.29%). Level III "skip metastasis" was found in 1 patient (1.8%).34.5% patients had postoperative pain.
Conclusion- In a low-middle-income country like India, we advocate axillary clearance up to level III in all operable cases of breast cancer with
minimal or no morbidity. However, Randomised Controlled Trials or Meta-analysis should be done for further clearance.


In recent years, the Army, Navy and Air Force have had difficulty maintaining adequate numbers of optometrists to provide vision care. To investigate one aspect of this staffing problem, reasons for leaving active duty and for staying were assessed by mailing 1096 surveys to both active duty optometrists and optometrists who left active duty. Descriptive analyses of the results suggest that three basic reasons induce optometrists to leave military service pay, promotion opportunity and bureaucracy. Other reasons which may be contributory are control over assignments and stature of optometry in the military. Retirement benefits, control over assignments, job security, and location of current assignment appear to be inducements to remain. Discriminant analysis was also performed to determine which of the leave/stay variables distinguished leavers from stayers. Pay, opportunity to practice as desired, amount civilian optometrists earn, number of supporting staff, and frequency of moves contributed most to the classification of respondents as leavers or stayers. Other variables assessed of the active duty and separated respondents included satisfaction, intention, commitment, communication, integration, and opportunity. Results of the study suggest that pay and promotion opportunity must be addressed by the military services in order to increase retention of optometrists on active duty. Degree Type Dissertation Rights Terms of use for work posted in CommonKnowledge. This dissertation is available at CommonKnowledge: https://commons.pacificu.edu/opt/1319 Copyright and terms of use If you have downloaded this document directly from the web or from CommonKnowledge, see the "Rights" section on the previous page for the terms of use. If you have received this document through an interlibrary loan/document delivery service, the following terms of use apply: Copyright in this work is held by the author(s). You may download or print any portion of this document for personal use only, or for any use that is allowed by fair use (Title 17, §107 U.S.C.). Except for personal or fair use, you or your borrowing library may not reproduce, remix, republish, post, transmit, or distribute this document, or any portion thereof, without the permission of the copyright owner. [Note: If this document is licensed under a Creative Commons license (see "Rights" on the previous page) which allows broader usage rights, your use is governed by the terms of that license.] Inquiries regarding further use of these materials should be addressed to: CommonKnowledge Rights, Pacific University Library, 2043 College Way, Forest Grove, OR 97116, (503) 352-7209. Email inquiries may be directed to:. email@example.com This dissertation is available at CommonKnowledge: https://commons.pacificu.edu/opt/1319 THE QUIT/STAY DECISION OF MILITARY OPTOMETRISTS A Thesis Presented to Pacific University College of Optometry for the Degree Master of Science in Clinical Optometric Management


Five types of land usufruct such as subcontract,alienation,rental,exchange and share should be pinpointed in the transferences of rural collective land.According to the law,the register and alteration register of land property right should be achieved to maintain the legal rights of land user.Based on the transference forms of rural collective land in Baicheng,some feasible countermeasures are put forward in this paper,which are beneficial to the transferences of usufruct of rural collective land.


Ratio estimators are sometime to be found less efficient. There is very little research to estimate the variance of the population, so in this work an attempt was made to estimate the variance of the finite population under two-stage sampling in which the exponential ratio type estimator existing for estimating the variance of the finite population under two-stage sampling (case II) was modified and new five modified estimators for estimating finite population variance were obtained. The biases, MSEs, minimum MSEs and PREs of proposed estimators were derived. The empirical study has been conducted with three real life data and the result shows that the proposed estimators have the minimum MSE and higher PRE, which implies that the proposed estimators are more efficient than the existing estimators considered in the study.


A spark plug (1) is held in a work holder (110), and a lighting device (120) is arranged between the back end surface (41), which is formed from metal, of a terminal fitting (40) of the spark plug (1) and the lens (131) of a CCD camera (130). The positional relationship of the back end surface (41), the lens (131) and the light source is established such that regular reflected light (L2) formed by regular reflection by the back end surface (41) of irradiated light (L1) output by the light source is not incident to the lens (131). When the back end surface (41) is captured, not only is the regular reflected light (L2) not incident to the lens (131), but also incidence of irregular reflected light (L3) arising because of the surface irregularity of the back end surface (41) is reduced, and interference due to reflected light in the captured image can be reduced.


To meet the pressure sensors used in special harsh environments, the MEMS piezoresistive pressure sensor design is proposed that the technology is more mature and more extensive used. The research of Piezoresistive sensor chip is done based on the analysis of sensor principle. The chip substrate material is selected combine with the special environment. The range sensor chip design is done based on small deflection theory and silicon material diaphragm piezoresistive effect theory. In order to avoid resonance modal analysis of the diaphragm is done. The force-sensitive resistor strip and its layout in the diaphragm is designed combine with the round diaphragm stress distribution. Semi-open-loop mode bridge is choice based on the comparison of advantages and disadvantages of three bridge modes. Given the special environment of vibration, acceleration sensitivity calculations must be done to adapt vibration environments for pressure sensor. Theory basis in sensor design is full, design projects and parameters combine with special environmental closely, and the research will have important significance for further study of special environmental pressure sensor. Copyright © 2014 IFSA Publishing, S. L.


Patient: Female, 32 Final Diagnosis: Sirolimus induced congestion of kidney and overlying abdominal wall Symptoms: Abdominal pain • abdominal swelling • dyspnea Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Improvement of symptoms with drug withdrawal Specialty: Nephrology Objective: Adverse events of drug therapy Background: Sirolimus is a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, which is used in immunosuppressive treatment regimens in organ transplant recipients. Although mTOR inhibitors are well tolerated, their adverse effects have been reported. Sirolimus treatment in transplant recipients has been reported to be associated with lymphedema of the skin and subcutaneous tissues, and with pleural effusion, but edema of internal organs and organomegaly have not been previously reported. A case is presented lymphedema of the transplanted kidney and abdominal wall with ipsilateral pleural effusion following kidney biopsy in a patient treated with sirolimus. Case Report: A 32-year-old woman with a history of end-stage renal disease of unknown etiology had undergone right renal transplantation from an unrelated living donor, eight years previously. She was referred to our hospital with dyspnea, localized abdominal pain, and swelling of the transplanted kidney. The symptoms appeared following a kidney biopsy and the replacement of cyclosporin with sirolimus four months previously. On examination, she had localized swelling of the abdominal wall overlying the transplanted kidney, and a right pleural effusion. Hydronephrosis and nephrotic syndrome were excluded as causes of kidney enlargement. Following the withdrawal of sirolimus therapy her symptoms resolved within three months. Conclusions: A case is described of lymphedema of the transplanted kidney and abdominal wall with ipsilateral pleural effusion following kidney biopsy attributed to her change in anti-rejection therapy to sirolimus. This case report should raise awareness of this unusual complication of sirolimus anti-rejection therapy and its possible effects on the lymphatic system.


The integrability of the geodesic flow for the multi-centre metrics began with the discovery of the generalized Runge–Lenz vector for the Taub–NUT metric [1] and the derivation of its Killing–Stäckel tensor in [2]. It was generalized to the Eguchi–Hanson metric in [3] where the Hamilton–Jacobi equation was separated. A further progress led to the integrability proof of the full 2-centre metric [2] which includes Taub–NUT and Eguchi–Hanson as particular cases. Despite these successes, a systematic analysis of the full family of the multi-centre metrics was still lacking. We will present a new approach which will determine which metrics, in this class, do exhibit a quadratic Killing–Stäckel tensor leading to classical integrability.


Arterial hypertension affects over 12 million people in Ukraine, which accounts for about 30 % of the adult population, and is a powerful independent risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) is also an independent causative factor of the cardiovascular risk and is associated with the development of ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure and increased mortality from cardiovascular diseases regardless of sex, age or pre-existing cardiac pathology. Therefore, there is a need to study the influence of subclinical hypothyroidism on the cardiovascular remodeling peculiarities in patients with arterial hypertension (AH). Material and methods. The study involved 124 patients with AH stage II divided into two groups. The group of patients with AH without SH included 92 patients (women 81.52 % (75), men 18.48 % (17)) and 32 patients (women 87.5 % (28), men 12.5 % (4)) represented the group with AH and concomitant SH. The groups of patients were comparable in age (P = 0.093), sex (P = 0.44319), height (P = 0.993), weight (P = 0.719), body surface area (P = 0.901), body mass index (P = 0.669). In all patients underwent arterial blood pressure measurement (OMRON 750 IT,Japan), echocardiography and ultrasound of carotid arteries using the original QIMT software on My Lab 50 (Esaote,Italy). Results. In patients with AH with the concomitant SH, in contrast to patients with AH without SH, a significant increase in indexes of the intima-media complex thickness of the right common carotid artery by 8.2% (P < 0.05) and the left common carotid artery by 7.9 % (P < 0.05) was observed. Changes of structural, geometrical and functional indexes of the heart in patients with AH and SH were significant increase in the left atrial size by 3.5 % (P < 0.05), end diastolic size by 3.0 % (P < 0.05) and end systolic size of the left ventricle by 2.3 % (P < 0.05), myocardial mass index by 11.1 % (P < 0.05), index Е/Е´ by 13.0 % (P < 0.05), gradient of transpulmonary flow by 6.6 % (P < 0.05) in comparison to patients with AH without SH. Conclusions. In patients with AH and concomitant SH in contrast to patients with AH without SH, an increase in thickness of the intima-media complex of both common carotid arteries with comparable diameters of vessels has been established, as well as increase in size of the left atrium, left ventricular myocardial mass index mainly due to the left ventricular dilation, Е/Е´ index and pressure gradient in the pulmonary artery suggesting an increase in the end diastolic pressure and the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.


We have learnt many lessons highlighting the fact that while the impact of employees with positive mind can surely put an organization on the trajectory of success, the presence of employees with negative attitude can not only diffuse the already existing positive air but can halt the growth engine altogether and push the organization into disastrously irrecoverable state. Hence, understanding the minds of the employees is of paramount importance for initiating proactive steps to sustain the growth momentum. The authors have evolved a model, explained in a step by step tutorial manner, to read and classify employees' attitude. The model employs K means clustering to construct an attitude reader and Rotation Forest to build an attitude classifier. Eventually, the model has been tested on a typical dataset pertaining to employees involved in train operations.


Many applications utilize Probabilistic Data Structure (PDS) to reduce data storage and data processing cost. PDS use probabilistic approaches and approximation principles along with hashing techniques for fast processing of data. In recent years, they have been gaining much popularity due to the fact that they can be efficiently used for big data processing and streaming applications. A Bloom filter is a probabilistic data structure that supports representation of a set S of N elements in very low space and support set membership testing. As compared to original set space requirement of Bloom filter is very low. Bloom filter finds application in many domains of Computer Science. In this survey, several variants and applications of Bloom filter in different domains have been discussed.


The Internet is a ready source of medical information, but most patients do not realize that as they surf it, they leave behind information about themselves that creates a personal profile as unique as their DNA. This personal information becomes public knowledge that can be bought and sold by commercial interests. Physicians, too, are largely unaware that the e-mail messages they send to patients can be intercepted and that electronic medical records are also vulnerable to being accessed and can be distributed worldwide, once compromised.

It is a fallacy for patients to assume that the Internet protects their privacy. Every illness or drug name that they enter into a search engine is being tracked. Discussing their human immunodeficiency virus status in an online forum is the electronic equivalent of making a public announcement in a mall. Internet users are being watched surreptitiously through a variety of technologies, such as "spyware," that is embedded in free games and that monitors what users download and what they run on their computer. Advertisements frequently contain code that tracks what people type when they are surfing the Internet and what kind of information they are looking at. Web sites can track what users are doing by using "cookies," small bits of information placed onto computers. And electronic "bugs" can send every word that Internet users type on their computer to a hacker; these bugs can be included in users' e-mail messages without their knowledge.

This is not just scare mongering. Although the US government insists on the privacy of medical records, such privacy is breached regularly.1,2 Recent high-profile cases include the publication by Eli Lilly Company of the names of patients taking fluoxetine hydrochloride (Prozac),3 the public posting of pediatric psychiatric information at the University of Montana,4 and the hacking of 5,000 patient records at the University of Washington.5 And this is only the tip of the iceberg.5

So we are left with a dilemma. How do we honor the privacy that users expect without limiting their access to health information on the Internet?6 Present laws and assumptions are inadequate. The current laws, such as The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, protect only a portion of online medical information.7 We cannot assume that users are able to protect themselves (see, for example, the web site of WebSideStory, Inc, which states that it provides "e-business intelligence services").8 The current steps being taken by some Internet sites to improve privacy, such as posting their privacy policies and offering users the ability to "opt out" of having their personal information shared, seem promising.9 However, in one systematic study, 23% of commercial health sites did not post a privacy policy, and most written policies are incomprehensible to most users.10,11 Even when they are present, privacy policies and opt-out clauses are no guarantee that a person's information is secure. Companies often violate their own privacy policies, rendering them useless.12 In addition, because compliance is voluntary, there is no enforcement mechanism.13

There are three possible solutions to the problem of protecting patients' electronic information. First, there should be a legally mandated "opt-in" policy for health information; this would require that users actively give permission for their online information to be distributed. This is the same protection that is given to other medical information. Current opt-out policies assume that most users would default to having their health information shared, which is not the case. Second, all electronic or web-based medical information should be encrypted. This can be done seamlessly so that it would be transparent to the intended user, and it would mean that unauthorized hackers would view only gibberish. Inadvertently released records would be unintelligible without the proper key. Current encryption schemes are up to the task; many require a sophisticated mainframe computer to break the encryption. Third, the release of protected electronic medical information should be made a criminal or civil offense. This would change the current paradigm by signaling that this information is of value and considered important enough to protect.

As advocates for patients, physicians should insist on the same level of protection for online medical profiles as is given to other confidential health information. In many cases, what is entered online contains the same level of detail as what is in an office record (see, for example, www.MDExpert.com or www.PersonalMD.com ). A few simple steps would help. Physicians can inform patients that any information they provide while surfing the Internet is public knowledge. They can also encrypt their e-mail messages to patients or use any another technique to ensure e-mail security. Finally, physicians can make sure that their personal and office computers are protected. Hackers randomly attack thousands of computers at a time. These hackers can place a "trojan horse" (or other software) on a computer that allows them to come back and peruse the system at will. My home computer, which has a dial-up Internet connection, has been hacked into (and successfully defended) hundreds of times. If you use a high-speed cable modem or DSL that is always connected, your computer is at even more risk of being attacked by hackers. Computer security is not something that most computer users tend to themselves. However, a system administrator should be able to help. If physicians use their home computer to communicate with patients, they should make sure that it, too, is secure.

Table 1
 Finding out more about privacy of electronic information
Sites with information about electronic privacy

www.healthprivacy.org

www.privacyfoundation.org

www.understandingprivacy.org

www.primers.net/security

www.junkbusters.com

www.grc.com

Sites with free or cheap tools for protecting privacy

www.grc.com

www.webwasher.com

www.pgp.com

www.zonelabs.com

www.becky-users.morelerbe.com/spyblocker/

View it in a separate window

Many tools are available that will defeat the online tracking of personal information and that will maintain the integrity of computers and e-mail, and many are free or very inexpensive (see box).

We cannot and should not reverse the trend toward the computerization of medical information. However, as with previous industrial revolutions, technology has outpaced social evolution. Instead of being Luddites who smash power looms, physicians should insist that the rules of society catch up with the revolution in electronic medical information.


Bandwidth allocation plays an important role in QoS control.General bandwidth allocation algorithms,such as WFQ and DRR,have the shortcomings of high complexity and requirement for the router to manage per-flow state.This paper proposes a RED-based bandwidth allocation algorithm,which overcomes the mentioned shortcomings.So the algorithm is more scalable.


Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to study binding of ionic species (Ag+ and H+) to planar substrates and AFM tips chemically modified with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) formed with terminally functionalized organosiloxanes. Adhesion forces between tips and substrates modified with methylsulfanyl-terminated SAMs and immersed into aqueous Ag+ solutions increased with an increase in the Ag+ concentration up to ≈10 mM Ag+ and then decreased with a further increase in the Ag+ concentration. Contact angles on the same substrates continuously decreased as the concentration of Ag+ increased. The increase in adhesion force between methylsulfanyl groups with an increase in the Ag+ concentration up to ≈10 mM Ag+ can be explained by simultaneous binding of Ag+ to methylsulfanyl groups on the tip and on the substrate, resulting in 1:2 complexes. The decrease in the adhesion force at very high Ag+ concentrations likely reflects the formation of 1:1 complexes in the presence of an excess of Ag+, resulting in el...


Implant retained auricular prosthesis eliminates the need for the adhesives and provides better retention compared to conventional prosthesis. However, the main limitation with the use of craniofacial implants for retention of auricular prosthesis is the maintenance of good hygiene. Factors such as the bar type of attachment design, thick skin graft around implants and the poor hygiene compliance of the patients can result in peri-implantitis.This article presents a clinical report on peri-implantitis around craniofacial implants, which occurred due to a thick skin graft and its treatment modalities.


investigation into the ethics of terrorism (Is terrorism always immoral? If not, why not? Is killing in the name of terrorism any worse than killing in war or war-like settings?), it is really a broad-brush introduction to the issue of terrorism as a whole— with dutiful descriptions, for example, of the Assassins, the People's Will, Kamikazes, the PLO, the IRA, and al' Qaeda sitting alongside accounts of the RAF's bombing campaign against Germany during the Second World War, and the on-going war in Iraq—in uneasy combination with a very specific application of just war theory to the topic. The authors' conclusions, that ''terrorism is not a single monster but a family of such creatures'' (p. 81), that its causes are varied, and that it is likely to be with us for some time to come, are hardly revelatory, and the ''educated reader'' for whom the book has been written would really be much better off directly consulting the work of Robert Pape, Louise Richardson, Walter Laqueur, and Michael Walzer, among others, which the book relies on (along with, rather more problematically, it should be noted, Wikipedia and The Complete Idiot's Guide to the Middle East). War and Ethics: A New Just War Theory achieves its aims more successfully. Indeed, it could well be used by students as a useful, if general introduction to the subject of just war theory, its limitations and challenges, as well as the need for the theory's advocates to respond to recent technological and political developments such as the rise of non-state actors and asymmetrical warfare. (Such a recommendation is not possible for Terrorism: The New World Disorder, where Charles Townsend's A Very Short Introduction to Terrorism [Oxford University Press, 2003] would be a better bet for those looking for a general introduction of this kind.) This does not mean that War and Ethics is without other problems, however, including Fotion's fetishization of so-called ''smart weaponry,'' and his contention that the modern media has transformed the very nature of war, as well as the accountability of those conducting it. (Both of these positions are taken in Terrorism: The New World Disorder as well, which also makes the even more surprising claim that ''in all or almost all wars'' state terrorism has become ''obsolete'' in part because of the ubiquity of the modern media, and especially the video camera, since ''it is no longer possible for states with democratic pretensions to practise terrorism aimed at innocent populations'' without their actions being exposed, with the result that they find themselves ''under great political pressure'' to either stop those activities or be ''thrown out of office'' (p. 165)). But overall, War and Ethics has more to recommend it than its companion work.


The article covers the highlights in the development of an optimal mathematical model of business process of the budget department's work in machine-building enterprises. There has been done the analysis of basic problems in the engineering field, arising in the course of economic instability and deterioration of the business strategy. The investigation discussed is aimed to improve the competitiveness in the market and optimize the strategy of the organization's activities as a whole. Special attention is paid to the methods of mathematical modeling of business process on the basis of queuing theory to develop the authoring mathematical model. The developed model would make it possible to evaluate and optimize the performance of the budget departments of engineering enterprises.


ABSTRACT VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF BROWN MIDRIB (BMR) SORGHUM ON THE DIFFERENT LEVELS SHADE OG SHADE AND POPULATIONS DENSITY. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of shading area and plant population density and their interaction on vegetative growth of Brown Midrib (BMR) Sorghum. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in a Factorial arrangement with 2 factors of nitrogen level and shading area, as follows: factor A = shading area of A1 = no shading area (0%), and N2 = shading area; whereas factor B = plant population density of B1 = 4 plants, B2 = 6 plants, B3 = 8 plants, and B4 = 10 plants. Variables measured were: leaves number, plant height, and the correlation between leaves number and plant population density. Research results showed that plant height in open area (no shading) was about 86.33 cm and significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to other treatments. Leaves number in open area was about 7.55 sheats and significantly higher (P < 0.05) compared to other treatments. It can be concluded that shading positively decreased or retarded Brown Midrib (BMR) Sorghum growth as indicated by lower plant heights in shading area. In a limited daylight, plants needs an adaptation period to fulfill their needs for photosyntesis processes. Key words: b rown m idrib (BMR) sorghum, growth, population density, shading


Sea urchins can alter the composition and dynamics of algal communities by grazing. Changes in their displacement capability can influence their grazing and thus their effect on algal communities. The daily and monthly movement of Paracentrotus lividus inside and outside a marine reserve in the NW Mediterranean Sea was studied in order to determine the role of predation in sea urchin movements and its potential grazing impacts. During the 3-month study, the total distance travelled by sea urchins ranged from 71.8 to 673.6 cm (mean ¼ 379.2 cm, SD ¼ 221.3). Home ranges (distances from the initial position) were between 50 and 302 cm (mean ¼ 150.7 cm, SD ¼ 99.4). Movements were not directional but random, with a mean of 150 cm around the initial position. The activity of Paracentrotus lividus was significantly higher at night than during daylight. Total displacement at the end of the experiment was significantly higher in the unprotected area than in the reserve, as was the home range. The linear distance travelled in a 24-h period ranged between 6 and 220 cm with a mean home range of 51 cm. These results agree with those of other authors, and allow us to rule out major migratory processes of sea urchin populations in this area. Nevertheless, these results underline the role of predatory fishes in reducing herbivory pressure by trophic cascades, reinforcing the evidence that sea urchin escape behaviour may be an important factor in structuring algal communities.


We exploit epitaxial relationships of rutile-type VO2 with (0001) Al2O3, (111) LaAlO3, (10‾10) Al2O3, and (10‾12) Al2O3 to achieve high-quality VO2 thin-film synthesis. We show that the deposition temperature can be lowered when these substrates are employed compared to one with no preferred crystallographic relationship with VO2, such as Si. We also report the first thin-film synthesis of the metastable VO2(B) polymorph on (001) LaAlO3 with a strongly preferred (001) out-of-plane orientation. These results are of interest for integrating VO2 films with other oxides in optoelectronic and reconfigurable device structures.


Objective To observe the effects of Huoxue Lishui Recipe,or activating blood and promoting diuresis Recipe,on serum activities of succinate dehydrogenase(SDH) and creatine kinase MB(CK-MB),both of which are energy metabolism related enzymes,in rats with ischemic brain edema.Methods Thread embolism methodwas used to induce focal cerebral ischemia model in rats.Those rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group,model group,low-and high-dose Huoxue Lishui Recipe treated groups,and mannitol plus tetramethylpyrazine treated group.All rats were treated with corresponding drugs by gastric perfusion.Blood samples were collected from anaesthetized rat hearts 1,3,and 7 days after reperfusion,respectively.The serum activities of SDH and CK-MB were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results After 2-hour ischemia followed by 1-,3-,and 7-day reperfusion,the serum activities of SDH in the model group were significantly lower than those in the sham-operation group,while the serum activities of CK-MB were significantly higher than those in the sham-operation group.Compared with those in the model group,the activities of SDH were significantly increased in the three treatment groups after 2-hour ischemia followed by 1-,3-,and 7-day reperfusion;while the serum activities of CK-MB were significantly decreased only in the high-dose Huoxue Lishui Recipe treated group after 3-and 7-day reperfusion.Conclusion Huoxue Lishui Recipe can alleviate ischemic brain edema and prevent ischemia-reperfusion induced brain injury via decreasing CK-MB activities and increasing SDH activities.


Background: To evaluate the performance of Xpert MTB/RIF assay for direct detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and rifampin resistance in pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients in China. Material/Methods: We prospectively enrolled 506 TB patients to evaluate sensitivity and specificity of Xpert MTB/ RIF by comparing with Mtb culture, fluorescent staining smear microscopy and clinical diagnosis. Results: Overall, 402 of 506 (79.4%) included patients were clinically diagnosed with TB. Sensitivities of Xpert MTB/RIF, Mtb culture, and AFB microscopy, and combined three methods among clinically-diagnosed pulmonary TB patients were 67.7% (130/192), 65.1% (125/192), 61.5% (118/192), and 69.8% (134/192) respectively; and 19.0% (40/210), 23.8% (50/210), 5.2% (11/210), and 34.3% (72/210) respectively among clinically-diagnosed extrapulmonary TB patients. Specificities of Xpert MTB/RIF assay for pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB were 100%. Compared with MGIT drug susceptibility test, the sensitivity and specificity of Xpert MTB/RIF for diagnosis of rifampin-resistant TB was 77.3% and 96.0% respectively. Conclusion: The Xpert MTB/RIF assay has a comparable sensitivity with Mtb culture for pulmonary TB, but less sensitive than Mtb culture for extrapulmonary TB. Combined three methods achieved a better sensitivity than any individual test.


Abstract:  Herbivore insects use a broad range of chemical cues to locate their host to feed or to oviposit. Whether several plant volatiles are effective allelochemicals for insects, the latter also emit molecules which have infochemical role. The (E)‐β‐farnesene (EBF) is a well‐known aphid alarm pheromone commonly found in all previously tested species. Analysis of the released molecules from 23 aphid species, mainly collected on their natural host plant from May to July, was performed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. While EBF was identified as the main volatile substance in 16 species, alone or associated with other molecules, the alarm pheromone was only a minor component of the volatile molecule pattern of five other species. Moreover, two species, Euceraphis punctipennis and Drepanosiphum platanoides, did not release EBF at all but other terpenes were identified. This original observation raised the question on the utility and the source of the non‐EBF volatiles. Are these potential infochemical substances produced by the aphid or only absorbed from the host plant? Here we determined that terpenes released by insects were not only provided by the host plants. Indeed, Megoura viciae emitted additional molecules than the ones from several aphid species reared on the same host plant. Moreover, no systematic relation between the feeding behaviour of the aphid species and the volatile releases was observed. Aphid terpene composition and proportion would provide reliable cues to identify the emitting organism, plant or insect. The next step of this work will be to determine the infochemical role of terpenes found in the range of tested aphid samples to better understand the relations between the different tritrophic levels.


The structural change in Finnish farming has been rapid. Simultaneously, the productivity in agriculture has increased and overproduction has been a problem since the 1960s. The development has not been similar throughout the whole of the country, however. This article deals with the regional changes in Finnish farming as well as the effects of agricultural policy practised to restrict overproduction and to equalize regional differencies in the agricultural income of farms. Also, the role of farm forests in farming will be discussed. In the future Finnish agriculture will have to adapt its production due to both foreign and domestic factors. The practising of agriculture is in danger especially in northern Finland. In order to improve the living conditions in the countryside and to keep the countryside populated, not only agriculture but also rural industries in general should be developed. Normal 0 21 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */
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Before being an attitude, modesty is an emotional state. As all emotions, it is partially undetermined. In its
uncertainty, however, modesty is self-confident: it does not know yet which form to take up exactly, yet it
is defined by the rejection of the unformed; it knows that the unformed will never be its goal. In the space
of eros, that which opposes modesty most coherently and tries to make it appear as moralistic and
anachronistic is the drive toward an anonymous eroticism. Conversely, modesty reveals itself as the desire
for the name, the pleasure of calling and being called with one's own name. This is without completely
denying the "impersonal" component in eros.


Feeling frustrated is an inevitable human experience when we try to do something we cannot yet manage. The rage it provokes can be scary for young children. Stephanie Thornton suggests ways to help them to cope.


-The propagation of voidage waves in vertical bubbly flow is studied using the realistic model of Pauchon and the corresponding simplified model of Lisseter & Fowler. The kinematic wave speed associated with the simple model is found to give quite good predictions of voidage wave speeds. The kinematic wave speeds are also seen to compare well with the characteristic speeds of the full realistic model. Finally, the transition from bubbly to slug flow is discussed in terms of the characteristic and kinematic speeds. It is shown that the liquid slugs in slug flow can be modelled as regions of bubbly flow moving into the preceding regions of falling film flow at the appropriate shock speed.


There are, however, many challenges to service integration. Narrow and restrictive federal funding and regulatory structures are frequently identified as key challenges. Yet, there is no common understanding of the extent to which federal funding silos, different eligibility and reporting requirements, and conflicting regulations actually impede serving families in a comprehensive, integrated manner.


New combining schemes for partial decisions using one‐bit and two‐bit information of the received samples are derived for Rayleigh fading channels. Compared with previous partial decision combining schemes, these new schemes have either better performances or simpler structures, or both. Simulation results show that some of the new schemes can achieve considerable performance gains over the conventional partial decision combiner in Rayleigh fading or log‐normal shadowed Rayleigh fading, whereas their structures are much simpler than the conventional partial decision combiner. This confirms the advantages of the newly designed combining schemes. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Photograph of Churchill Park and its surrounding area in Dallas, Texas. The park sits directly to the left of Churchill Way, which runs vertically up the center of the picture. Houses are visible above and below the park, and a pond is visible at the top of the photograph.


In this paper, a stable flat cosmological model has been constructed and the evolution of dark energy has been investigated in the framework of the recently suggested $\kappa(R,T)$ gravity. The empirical approach we adopt in the current work reveals some interesting cosmological features consistent with observations and the standard $\Lambda$CDM model. The evolution of cosmic pressure shows a positive-to-negative transition corresponding to the cosmic deceleration-acceleration transition, both the deceleration parameter and the cosmic pressure have the positive-to-negative sign flipping. While this behavior can provide explanation for the deceleration-acceleration transition, the reason behind this positive-negative transition itself is still missing.


Two types of questions are most important in the CQT polygraph examination, relevant questions that deal directly with the case under query and comparison questions, which usually deal with past probable misdeeds of the examinees that they choose to deny. The simplistic core reasoning behind the CQT is that the risk of being detected for lying is a threatening situation and like any kind of threat, it automatically triggers the autonomic nervous system to respond with the "fight or flight" type of reaction. For the deceptive examinee, the relevant questions pose the main threat, whereas the truthful examinee, knowing that he is telling the truth on the relevant issue while probably lying to the comparison questions, perceives the latter as more threatening, considering his goal to appear truthful on the test. Accordingly, the deceptive examinee reactions are focused on the relevant questions, whereas the truthful focuses them on the comparison ones. Results of the current field study suggest that at least with truthful examinees, comparison questions, which do not incorporate any lies to be afraid of their exposure, or any lies at all, might function similarly to probable lie questions, by just increasing their salience in a manner that presumably creates some concerns about them. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed in line with the RIG strength notion (Ginton, 2009).


Apoptotic and necrotic cells expose phosphatidylserine (PS). This membrane modification ensures a swift recognition and uptake by phagocytes of the dying and dead cells. Annexin V (AxV) preferentially binds to anionic phospholipids and thereby, modulates the clearance process. First, we analyzed the influence of AxV on the immunogenicity of apoptotic cells. The addition to apoptotic cells of AxV prior to their injection into mice increased their immunogenicity significantly. Next, we studied the influence of endogenous AxV on the allogeneic reaction against apoptotic and necrotic cells. To preserve heat‐labile, short‐lived "danger signals," we induced necrosis by mechanical stress. Wild‐type mice showed a strong, allogeneic delayed‐type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction. In contrast, AxV‐deficient animals showed almost no allogeneic DTH reaction, indicating that endogenous AxV increases the immune response against dead cells. Furthermore, AxV‐deficient macrophages had a higher immunosuppressive potential in vitro. Next, we analyzed the influence of AxV on chronic macrophage infection with HIV‐1, known to expose PS on its surface. The infectivity in human macrophages of HIV‐1 was reduced significantly in the presence of AxV. Finally, we show that AxV also blocked the in vitro uptake by macrophages of primary necrotic cells. Similar to apoptotic cells, necrotic cells generated by heat treatment displayed an anti‐inflammatory activity. In contrast, mechanical stress‐induced necrotic cells led to a decreased secretion of IL‐10, indicating a more inflammatory potent‐ial. From the experiments presented above, we conclude that AxV influences the clearance of several PS‐exposing particles such as viruses, dying, and dead cells.


A three-way catalyst substrate for domestic passenger car satisfies the design criteria for exhaust gas exchange and pressure drop but does not have satisfactory thermal fatigue performance. Prefracture faults in this three-way catalyst substrate has often been discovered in vehicle repair or vehicle inspection facilities. This paper presents a thermal fatigue performance estimation method for a three-way catalyst substrate using a probabilistic strength reduction factor model. This method is superior to the thermal fatigue performance estimation method for a three-way catalyst substrate that uses a deterministic strength model.


Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) is a molecular structure that binds to heavy metals andother toxins which needed to protect the spermatozoa during the cryopreservation process. The objectiveof this research was to examine EDTA in maintain the quality of garut ram frozen semen. Semen werecollected from mature Garut ram by artificial vagina. Fresh semen were evaluated and divided in equalvolume into three tubes and diluted with Tris extender containing 20% egg yolk (TEY-20) as control, TEY-20 + 0.01% EDTA (EDTA0.01), and TEY-20 + 0.02% EDTA (EDTA0.02), respectively. Semen was loaded in 0.25 mL mini straw with the concentration of 100 million motile spermatozoa. Semen was equilibrated at5oC for three hours, then frozen and stored in liquid nitrogen container. Quality of spermatozoa includingpercentages of motile spermatozoa (MS), live spermatozoa (LS), and intact plasma membrane (IPM) wereevaluated after diluting, equilibrating, and thawing. Data were analyzed using completely randomizeddesign with three treatments and five replicates. Means were compared significant difference test at 0.05significant level. Results of this research showed that mean volume, color, consistency, pH, mass movement,spermatozoa concentration, percentage of MS, percentage of LS, percentage of abnormal spermatozoa,and percentage of IPM of garut ram fresh semen were 0.87 mL, cream, thick, 6.98, 3, 4,296 million cell/mL,75%, 86.33%, 4.4%, and 85%, respectively. Percentages of MS, LS, and IPM after thawing in control (42.5,52.5, and 52.17%) was not significantly difference with EDTA0.01 (44.17, 52.5, and 52.5%) and EDTA0.02(39.17%, 51%, and 48.33%). In conclusion, the addition of EDTA in Tris extender can maintain quality ofGarut ram frozen semen, and its suitable using in artificial insemination program. Addition of EDTA cannot enhancing quality of garut ram frozen semen.


The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of two cryopreservation methods on the llama embryo in Vivo and in vitro survival. Seventy three hatched blastocysts were collected non-surgically at day 6.5 after mating from llamas treated with 1000 IU eCG, and were randomly allocated to each one of three experimental groups: Control (n=14), Vitrification (n=30) and slow freezing (n=29). Vitrification: Embryos were exposed to vitrification solution (20 % glycerol (GLY) + 20% ethylene glycol (EG) + 0.5M sucrose + 10 % Fetal Calf Serum (FCS) + 50 μg/ ml gentamicin sulfate) in two steps, and after loading into 0.25 ml straws, were plunged into liquid nitrogen. Straws were thawed in a 37 oC waterbath for 1min and automatically mixed with 0.5 M and 0.2 M sucrose solutions. Slow freezing: Embryos were exposed to PBS 1.5 M EG + 10 % FCS + 50 μg/ ml gentamicin sulfate, loaded in 0,25 ml straws and cooled 3 hours inside refrigerator, at 0,13 °C/min cooling rate from 26 °C until 5°C. Then straws were transfer into nitrogen tank, where it was followed temperature decrease at 5°C /min, from 5°C until 20°C, for 5 min, finally were plunged into liquid nitrogen. After thawing cryoprotectant was removed using dilution solutions, 0.25 M and 0.12 M sucrose. All embryos from control group and 50% from both cryopreservation groups were evaluated in Vivo: they were directly transferred into previously synchronized recipients; but cryopreservated embryos were first cultured in PBS+ 20% FCS for 2 h in PBS+ 20% FCS, inside of oven at 35°C. Pregnancy rate was 30.77 % (4/13), 16.67 % (2/12) y 0 % (0/11) to recipients which received control, vitrified and freezing embryos, respectively; diagnosed between 20 and 30 days of pregnancy, by transrectal ultrasound, it was not observed significant statistic difference (p<0.05). In Vitro evaluation cryopreservated embryos were cultured in PBS + 20 % FCS under 5 % CO2, 20 % O2 , 75% N2 at 39°C for 1 h., then morphology and reexpansion were recorded. Reexpansion of vitrified and freezing embryos was 75 % (9/12) and 57.14 % (4/7), respectively; which were not significantly different (p<0.05). It was observed that both cryopreservation methods decreased embryo quality post thawing, being higher in freezing embryos, by determining morphology characteristics and abnormal changes appearance on in Vivo and in Vitro evaluated embryos. Control group were not In vitro evaluated. Data were analyzed using Chi-square, Exact Fisher and one way-ANOVA to in Vivo evaluation and Exact Fisher and T-Student test to in Vitro evaluation, respectively. Results permit to conclude that vitrification could be the suitable method to llama embryo cryopreservation.


An HETP equation for the capillary column is developed that takes into account the dependence of gaseous diffusion on pressure, the compressibility of the mobile phase, together with the unique relationship between mobile phase velocity, and the resistance to mass transfer in the stationary phase. The equation is used to develop a procedure for column optimization and expressions are derived that allow the optimum column radius and optimum column length to be calculated for a given fixed inlet pressure. It is shown that fast, simple separations are optimally achieved using relatively short small diameter columns. Conversely, optimum performance for the separation of complex mixtures requiring higher efficiencies requires the use of long columns with relatively large diameters.


Human subject studies are performed to validate and refine the general-purpose luminance to brightness (tone) mapping algorithm of a software program called pcond. Through survey questionnaires, subjects compare a rendered image displayed on a video monitor with a scale-model representation of an identical space incorporating the full dynamic range of the luminous environment typical of office spaces. A validated tone mapping operator enhances the reliability and repeatability of computer-based simulation and visualization technologies thereby improving the building industry's ability to predict the visual impact of proposed architectural projects. Applications relevant to this study range from daylighting in office environments to nighttime lighting of bridges and building facades. Secondary applications include height dynamic range photography, video game design, and general-purpose renderings for animations, film, and movie production.


Infrastructure and industrialization serves as a back bone for a country's economy. However due to rapid industrialization there exist a problem in the form of waste accumulation and subsequent problems due to their disposal & effects of waste. In infrastructure development, roads play a major role. In general pavement construction needs bulk quantities of good soil keeping in view of the service and longevity aspects. Due to limitation in availability of good soil, often the cost of projects escalates. An ideal solution lies for reducing project cost, increasing longevity and reduce accumulation of waste shall be through utilization of industrial waste combined with weak soil for pavement construction. Few types of waste materials namely crusher dust, fly ash and Steel slag waste are popular as admixtures in improving weak soils. This paper discusses the performance of admixtures in improving weak soil through mechanical stabilization. Results of tests on index and engineering properties of mechanically stabilized clayey soil with industrial waste admixtures namely, crusher dust, fly ash and steel slag are presented for different admixture contents and test conditions. A comparison is made based on improved performance. It is observed that Steel slag is proven to be effective over other types. From the results optimum content of admixture for a given improvement is suggested.


The paper describes the background to the provision of a bridge at Kylesku, Sutherland on the north west coast of Scotland. The paper examines the approach to the design and illustrates some of the factors in the construction of the bridge itself. The design is a five-span prestressed concrete box deck cast in situ and prestressed in five stages. The deck is supported on inclined pier legs, with each pier comprising a pair of v-shaped legs, each inclined to the vertical. The basic requirement for the bridge was for a 5.5 metre wide carriageway designed to pull ha loading and 37.1/2 units of hb loading, having a navigation clearance of 24m. Sloping intermediate supports enabled the central span to be reduced to 85m. Balancing the loads from these legs by mirroring with similar legs sloping towards the abutments has provided an integrated frame action which produces only direct loads on the foundations. The high horizontal loading due to wind cannot be transferred directly to the abutments only and it is taken out by providing a widened base at the intermediate supports. The substructure is constructed in reinforced concrete of design strength 37.5 n/sq mm. The concrete strength in the prestressed deck beam was 52.5 n/sq mm and the prestressing was of the multi-strand cable type. The bridge was opened to traffic in July 1984. (TRRL)


The infrared (IR) thermography diagnostic has recently been upgraded to achieve real-time temperature measurement and feedback capability in the experimental advanced superconducting tokamak (EAST). A new control and data acquisition program for IR camera is developed with online temperature calibration and compensation. Reflective memory (RFM) is configured in the data acquisition system for real-time data transmission to the plasma control system (PCS). Based on the upgraded IR thermography diagnostic, detachment plasma has been achieved for the first time in EAST with active temperature feedback. The divertor impurity seeding system is used to inject a sequence of short neon impurity pulses with 50% D2 to increase the edge radiation of the plasma particles. The temperature of the divertor target plates decreases to the preset target value and the divertor detachment has been realized with no serious reduction of plasma stored energy and confinement observed in the temperature feedback control phase. As a new feedback control method, the IR temperature feedback control shows great application prospects for the temperature and heat flux control of the first wall components in future long pulse operation of EAST.


Several pervaporation membranes,cellulose acetate(CA),polyvinylbutyral(PVB),poly(MMA-co-AA),MMA-AA-BA,CA/PVB blend and CA/poly(MMA-co-AA)blend,were prepared,and their pervporation proper-ties were evaluated by separation of methanol/C5 or methanol/MTBE(methyl tert-butyl ether),The results shows that the CA composite membrane has a high separation performance (flux Jmethanol=35g.m^-2.h^-1 and separa-tion factor α>400)for methanol /C5 mixtures ,and the pervaporation characteristics of MMA-AA-BA copolymer membranes changes with the ratio of copolymer,For CA/poly(MMA-co-AA) blend membrane,the pervapora-tion performance is improved in comparison with CA or poly(MMA-co-AA) membrane,From the experiment of CA/PVB blend membranes for methanol/MTBE mixture,it is found that the compatibility of blends may affect the separation features of blend membrane.


The Italian translation of the literary work of Adalberto Alves A presença dos dias / La presenza dei giorni is accompained by some usuful translation notes edited by Elena Chiarini in this volume.


The VMEbus is an IEEE standard architecture upon which many embedded and real-time systems are built. It has existed for nearly 25 years and has been extensively used for military, industrial, and aerospace applications. This paper describes the general characteristics of the VMEbus architecture, specifically relating these characteristics to aspects of embedded systems education included as components of the IEEE/ACM CE2004 computer engineering model curriculum. Portions of this model curriculum are currently being implemented at universities across the country as part of an increasing effort to address the need for embedded systems education. This evaluation will help to identify the strengths and weaknesses of this architecture as a general-purpose embedded systems educational tool.


As the traditional ICP algorithm is liable to get local minimization problem, a chaotic BP neural network is presented in the ICP algorithm. In the algorithm, a searching area of real position was plotted centering on the indication of refer navigation system, then terrain altitude data was extracted from refer terrain map. These terrain data, along with corresponding position coordinates, were defined as several patterns and used to train BP network. The network can recognizes certain pattern class with measured water-depth data to determine vehicle's location. However, there are drawbacks of local minimization problem and slow rapidity of convergence in BP network, so improved ways were put forward. The improvement includes replacing common motivating function with chaotic motivating function for and determination of neural network's weights using chaotic search. The experimental results reveal that results of terrain matching can be improved, and matching failure caused by local convergence is overcome to a certain extent.


The present invention further provides a low profile and miniaturization techniques have diplexer circuit module can be realized. Mounted on the module substrate (2) of the diplexer (10) is arranged around the element substrate (11) stacked by a protective layer (13) (12) formed by an insulating layer, the insulating layer (12) is a a predetermined region of the main surface (11a) of. And, in the space between the element substrate (11) and the protective layer (13) formed in the insulating layer (12) is surrounded by, in a predetermined area of a main face (11a) of the substrate element (11) is provided with a through different band transmission filter element (14) and receiving the filter element (15). Thus, the duplexer (10) does not have a conventional packaging substrate, thereby achieving a circuit module (1) further reduce the height and size of the duplexer is mounted on the module substrate (2) (10) is formed.


Since ancient times, wild plants have widely been traditionally consumed by different communities but today are gaining relevance due to their healthy properties. Vegetables, including wild edible species, constitute an important source of active natural products: micronutrients, especially vitamins and minerals and phytochemical compounds with antioxidant properties important in the prevention of various pathologies including degenerative, cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Some species of wild and cultivated edible plants were comparatively evaluated considering the content in bioactive compounds and the antioxidant capacity. Biochemical analysis of the fresh leaves indicated similar or even higher values of nutritive compounds (sugars, protids) and antioxidants (polyphenols, carotenoids, flavones, chlorophylls, ascorbic acid) in the species from spontaneous flora as dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), lesser celandine (Ficaria verna), wild garlic (Allium ursinum) than in the green lettuce and garden rocket commonly consumed around the world. Therefore, these wild plants could be recommended for consumers not only as new ingredients to improve their diet diversity but also for providing potential health benefits.

https://revistadechimie.ro/pdf/30 LUTA G 2 20.pdf


This paper presents a concise and proven mix design process. It covers all the steps necessary to produce a good roller compacted concrete (RCC) mix design for mass and structural applications, and presents procedures for criteria selection, materials proportions, trial batching, and related testing. Also discussed are field observations that may necessitate mix design adjustments. A detailed example of the mix design procedure is presented.


This study was aimed to evaluate the sensory evaluations of different types of red meat. The result showed the sensory evaluations showed that camel and goat meat were palatable and desirable to panelists. Panelist scores for color were not significant (P>0.05) between the three types of meat. The result indicated that the color was acceptable to panelists. Panelist's scores for tenderness were lower for camel and goat meat compared to beef. Panelist's scores for juiciness were higher for camel meat and beef compared to goat meat. The result of this study showed that Camel meat and beef were more desirable compared to goat meat. However, the goat meat was also desirable to the panelists.


The three-step hierarchical search block matching motion estimation algorithm has played an important role in low bit rate video coding because of its low computation complexity compared to the full search block matching motion estimation algorithm (FBMA). A modular architecture for the three-step hierarchical search BMA is presented, which features a throughput rate, as high as 1/N block per clock cycle, and a low memory bandwidth with random access on-chip local memory. Furthermore, 100% processor utilization has been achieved by using a method called pipeline interleaving. As such, this architecture offers a feasible solution for the Grand Alliance HDTV picture format with a large search range.


Transfer burden is the major factor causing the vulnerability of China's pension system.The ambiguity of pension system's boundaries and the potential commitment of government is the institutional factor causing the different parties to transfer burden to pension system.Under this system,with the aim to ease the burden and maximize the profit,the firm rationally transfers the burden to pension system.The distorted behavior and moral hazard of firm weaken the paying ability of pension.Through the clear definition of pension's boundary,establishing the "standard retirement" and "differential retirement" with rights corresponding to duties,we can restore the excludability of pension.If this is achieved,the firm will automatically internalize the risks of disability,special occupation and employment disease and the vulnerability of China's pension system will be solved.