For its beautiful rings, active atmosphere and mysterious magnetic field, Saturn is a fascinating planet. It also holds some of the keys to understanding the formation of our Solar System and the evolution of giant planets in general. While the exploration by the Cassini-Huygens mission has led to great advances in our understanding of the planet and its moons, it has left us with puzzling questions: What is the bulk composition of the planet? Does it have a helium core? Is it enriched in noble gases like Jupiter? What powers and controls its gigantic storms? We have learned that we can measure an outer magnetic field that is filtered from its non-axisymmetric components, but what is Saturn's inner magnetic field? What are the rings made of and when were they formed? These questions are crucial in several ways: a detailed comparison of the compositions of Jupiter and Saturn is necessary to understand processes at work during the formation of these two planets and of the Solar System: was the protosolar disk progressively photoevaporated of its hydrogen and helium while forming its planets? Did Jupiter and Saturn form at the same time from cores of similar masses? Saturn is also a unique laboratory for studying the meteorology of a planet in which, in contrast to the Earth, the vapor of any condensing species (in particular water) is heavier than the surrounding air. A precise measurement of its magnetic field is needed to constrain dynamo theories and apply it to other contexts, from our Earth to extrasolar planets. Finally, T. Guillot Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 6202, BP4229, 06304 Nice, France S. Atreya Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2143, USA S. Charnoz Equipe AIM, CEA/SAp, Université Paris Diderot, 1191 Gif-Sur-Yvette Cedex, France M.K. Dougherty Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK P. Read University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Parks Road, OX1 3PU Oxford, UK the theory behind the existence of its rings is still to be confirmed, and has consequences for a variety of subjects from theories of accretion of grains to the study of physical mechanisms at work in protoplanetary systems. All in all, this calls for the continued exploration of the second largest planet in our Solar System, with a variety of means including remote observations and space missions. Measurements of gravity and magnetic fields very close to the planet's cloud tops would be extremely valuable. Very high spatial resolution images of the rings would provide details on their structure and the material that form them. Last but not least, one or several probes sent into the atmosphere of the planet would provide the critical measurements that would allow a detailed comparison with the same measure-


Background:
 CTA spot sign is a predictor of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) expansion. This sign can fluctuate in appearance, volume, and timing. Multiphase CTA (mCTA) can identify spot sign through 3 time-resolved images. We sought to identify a novel predictor of follow up total hematoma expansion using mCTA.

 Methods:
 This cohort study included patients with ICH between 2012-2019. Quantomo software was used to measure total hematoma volume (ml) from baseline CT & follow-up CT/MRI blinded to spot sign in 3 mCTA phases. Spot sign expansion was calculated by subtracting 1
 st
 phase spot sign volume from 2
 nd
 phase spot sign volume measured in microliters.

 Results:
 199 patients [63% male, mean age 69 years, median NIHSS 11, IQR 6-20] were included. Median baseline ICH volume was 16.1 ml (IQR 5-29.9 ml). Amongst all three mCTA phases, spot sign was best detected on the 2nd phase (23% vs 17.5% 1
 st
 phase vs 22% 3
 rd
 phase). In multivariable regression, spot sign expansion was significantly associated with follow up total hematoma expansion (OR: 1.03 per microliter of spot sign expansion, p=0.01). Figure 1 shows the predicted total hematoma expansion by spot sign expansion. mCTA spot sign had a higher sensitivity for predicting total hematoma volume expansion than single-phase CTA (reported in meta-analysis of 14 studies), 86% vs 53%, respectively, while both having similar specificity, 87% vs 88%, respectively.

 Conclusion:
 Spot sign expansion on mCTA is a novel predictor of total hematoma expansion and could be used to select patients for immediate therapeutic intervention in future clinical trials. Using mCTA improves sensitivity while preserving specificity over single-phase CTA.


A survey study of eight university libraries in Rajasthan (India) to find out the cause of backloging in catalogue and the issues related to it identified the main reasons as the lack of technical manpower & machine use and addition of more books in the libraries than can be processed. Variables such as, cataloguing procedure, typing output, reasons for backloging, use of machine for controlling backlog, cataloguing tools, and filing & frequency are the key determinants. The respondents have no objection to the introduction of pre-natal cataloguing and printed cards service in addition to application of computers for cataloging. With the observed decline of using machines for cataloguing purpose, the backloging may witness an increase in the next decade, unless urgent steps are taken with increased automation


The phenomenon of professional beggar is diacronic and synchronic social problem which surmounts history and national boundaries.The beggar crowd can be divided into the original beggar and professional beggar. Under the social transition background,the problem of professional beggar has become a severe one.From the aspect of the characteristic,the professional,beggar can be divided into the type of individual beggar and the agent beggar.The agent professional beggar appears with the society transition of our country, it is a new trend of present professional beggar's development and has the possibility of bringing out other social problems;Theoretically,there are two modes of solution.The individual professional beggar is mostly a choice of life style.So,its solving rely on seeking the balance to beg right and social order.


Suddenly, after five hundred years of crossing the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, there is a Muslim community in North America. On top of that, African Americans, despite Afrocentrists' claims, are now an indigenous population. Moreover, there are Muslim women who are happy to be Muslim women, no matter how oppressed some scholars tell them they are. Even more perplexing to some are African American feminists who liberate themselves by surrendering to what seems to be a very patriarchal religion. A flurry of anthologies about the U.S. Muslim population has flown off the presses in the last decade, including: Yvonne Haddad and Jane Smith's Muslim Communities in North America (1994); Barbara Aswad and Barbara Bilge's Family and Gender Among American Muslims (1996); Barbara Metcalf's Making Muslim Space in North America and Europe (1996); Yvonne Haddad and John Espositio's Muslims on the Americanization Path ? (1998); G. Webb's Windows o f Faith (2000); and, Zahid Bukhari's, Muslims 'Place in the American Public Square (2004). Some scholars ask, "Who are you?" Some respond, "I speak for us." Still others proclaim, "Variety is the reality of the Muslim experience in the United States." The currents of discussion include migration and adjustment, identity and culture retention, authenticity and orthodoxy, community, tribalism and race. In the discussions about gender, some say there is a "Muslim Woman" and others say "there are women who are Muslim." Carolyn Moxley Rouse observed a Los Angeles County community of African American women who converted to Sunni Islam. After several hundred hours of interviews, Friday Prayer services, women's gatherings, and masjid lectures, Moxley concludes that ,'these sisters challenge hegemonic discourse about race, gender, community and faith at the level of the everyday" (Rouse, 2004, p. 11). She reveals the women of Masjid Ummah of Southern California as promoters of women's rights. The work also opens a window on the evolution of African American Sunni Islam in the global Muslim community and the role of African-Americans in the global Islamic feminist project. The first chapter, "Engaged Surrender" is a quest for an appropriate theoretical approach to this population. Rouse found that the neo-Marxist prescription that women everywhere are second to men does not fit the worldview of these women.


Problem statement: Libraries have not played an optimal role in supporting Scholarly communication in a university. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the strengthening of the role and function of libraries in supporting Scholarly communication at IAIN Curup. Method: This type of research is descriptive qualitative. Data collection was carried out by means of interviews, documentation and surveys. Result: The results of this study indicate that there are several efforts to strengthen the role and function of libraries including 1) optimizing user education and information literacy activities by adding facilities for these activities; 2) conducting online research skills training for the IAIN Curup academic community; 3) providing e-resources; 4) conducting routine focus group discussions and book reviews. Strengthening the traditional role includes adding to collect quantity and quality, disseminate information, and preserve. Strengthening the role of university libraries in a broader way is through information literacy programs, the materials of which are packaged, expanded and harmonized with the dynamics and scope of Scholarly communication. Conclusion: A library is an integral part of a university, therefore its existence must be strengthened. This strengthening can be done from all aspects, including facilities, human resources, and others.


Ocular coloboma is a common eye malformation resulting from incomplete fusion of the optic fissure during development. Coloboma is often associated with microphthalmia and/or contralateral anophthalmia. Coloboma shows extensive locus heterogeneity associated with causative mutations identified in genes encoding developmental transcription factors or components of signaling pathways. We report an ultra-rare, heterozygous frameshift mutation in FZD5 (p.Ala219Glufs*49) that was identified independently in two branches of a large family with autosomal dominant non-syndromic coloboma. FZD5 has a single coding exon and consequently a transcript with this frameshift variant is not a canonical substrate for nonsense-mediated decay. FZD5 encodes a transmembrane receptor with a conserved extracellular cysteine rich domain (CRD) for ligand binding. The frameshift mutation results in the production of a truncated protein, which retains the WNT-ligand binding domain but lacks the transmembrane domain. The truncated protein was secreted from cells, and behaved as a dominant-negative FZD5 receptor, antagonizing both canonical and noncanonical WNT signaling. Expression of the resultant mutant protein caused coloboma and microphthalmia in zebrafish, and disruption of the apical junction of the retinal neural epithelium in mouse, mimicking that of Fz5/Fz8 compound conditional knockout mutants. by gest on Jauary 5, 2016 ht://hm g.oxfournals.org/ D ow nladed from


The randomised crossover study included 26 volunteers (14 men, 12 women) with at least three cardiovascular risk factors (smoking, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, or family history of cardiovascular disease) who received 40 grams of dark chocolate daily for 28 days. For 14 consecutive days it contained 10 percent extra virgin olive oil and for 14 consecutive days it contained 2.5 percent Panaia red apple. The two types of chocolate were given in random order.


This paper illustrates a novel electronic current transformer (ECT) with a power source at ground potential. Employ the insulation structure of the traditional transformer insulated by SF6, the sensing unit with an air-core coil for measurement and protection transmits the electrical signal to the signal processing unit at the ground potential. Then the optical power source could be abandoned and the reliability is effectively enhanced. Utilizing mathematical models, designations and emulations have been done to compute the influence of the ambient temperature. Tests have been done and the experimental results show that this ECT meets the requirement of the 0.2s class for measurement and 5PTE for protection in IEC60044-8 respectively.


Measurements of Mn in blood and urine are used in biomonitoring studies as biomarkers of exposure. We compared methods for determining Mn, including graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS), quadrupole-based inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (Q-ICP-MS) (standard and dynamic reaction cell (DRC) mode), and sector field (SF-) ICP-MS. We investigated polyatomic interferences in ICP-MS that can affect Mn measurements in blood and urine matrices, especially at concentrations associated with biomonitoring studies. Method detection limits (3SD) for blood (and urine) Mn were 1.5 (2.1) µg L−1 for GFAAS, 0.6 (0.5) µg L−1 for SF-ICP-MS, 1.0 (0.5) µg L−1 for DRC-ICP-MS and 6.4 (0.6) µg L−1 for Q-ICP-MS operated in standard mode. Method reproducibility for blood (22 µg L−1Mn) and urine matrices (9 µg L−1Mn) was found to be between 3 and 4% RSD for all methods, except for blood Mn by Q-ICP-MS (11% RSD) and urine Mn by GFAAS (7% RSD). Accuracy was assessed using various reference materials. Careful optimization of the DRC mode is required with blood because, in addition to polyatomic interferences, a large amount of Fe causes spectral overlap on Mn. GFAAS, DRC-ICP-MS and SF-ICP-MS methods show good agreement for Mn in urine and blood across the clinical range studied and, when properly optimized, are suitable for monitoring Mn in blood and urine. In contrast, Q-ICP-MS in standard mode exhibits a positive bias of ∼1 µg L−1 in urine and ∼4 µg L−1 in blood with respect to the other three methods investigated. The implications of this work are important when biomonitoring studies are compared and reference ranges are established.


Individuals who interrupt their employment are generally expected to pay a price in the workplace [15]. Most researchers acknowledge that wages rise more rapidly with time spent in paid employment than with time spent in other noneducational activities. Thus, the wages received by individuals reentering employment are expected to be below those obtained by similar individuals with continuous work records. How far below, is still a matter of debate.' One important line of research has focused upon the difference between pre-interruption and post-interruption wages. Specifically, do real wages rise, fall, or remain unchanged during periods of nonemployment? Two findings stand out from past research. First, a wide variety of studies employing a wide variety of data sets have found that wages fall during periods of nonemployment. The estimated decline ranges from 0.6% to over 5% annually, but averages around 2%. Second, this estimated depreciation rate is higher when the sample under investigation contains a greater proportion of recent reentrants. Thus, there is a pattern to the estimates. The purpose of this study is to investigate the observed sensitivity to sample composition. In the past such sample sensitivity has been attributed to a rapid depreciation followed by a rebound in wages that over time partially offsets the initial decline. If true, the depreciation rate will be underestimated, especially if the data include few recent reentrants. Two alternative hypotheses are tested in this study. The first relies upon certain assumptions regarding part-time employment patterns and wages. If part-time workers are paid less than full-time workers, and if part-time employment is more common following reentry because it is used as a bridge to full-time employment, then estimates of the depreciation rate will be biased upward particularly when obtained from samples of recent reentrants, if information on hours worked is ignored. There may, in fact, be no depreciation at all. Results indicate that while part-time workers are paid less than full-time workers, estimates


Based on the purpose and principle of Intersections Vertical Design in City Road,the existed Vertical Design methods are introduced and the Vertical Design methods of Complicated Intersections are discussed in this paper. This paper is a quite entirely summarization of Intersections Vertical Design in City Road.


In order to improve the toughness of polypropylene (PP) and expand its applications, a layer of polyurethane (PU) elastomer was coated on the surface of ultrafine talcum powder by an in‐situ synthesis method. In this way, an organic‐inorganic composite particle was formed. Then the surface‐treated talcum powder was mixed with melted PP to prepare PP composite materials through extrusion, granulation, and injection molding. Infrared spectral characterization and energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis showed that there was a layer of PU elastomer on the surface of the talcum powder. Impact fracture analysis indicated that there was good compatibility between the talcum powder and the PP matrix. With the incorporation of PU elastomer coated on the surface of talcum powder, the toughness of PP was significantly improved, while the tensile strength decreased slightly. The optimum properties of the composite material were obtained when the weight fraction of talcum powder was 20% and the PU coating coverage was 25%. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers


The explosion of short videos has dramatically reshaped the manners people socialize, yielding a new trend for daily sharing and access to the latest information. These rich video resources, on the one hand, benefited from the popularization of portable devices with cameras, but on the other, they can not be independent of the valuable editing work contributed by numerous video creators. In this paper, we investigate a novel and practical problem, namely audio beat matching (ABM), which aims to recommend the proper transition time stamps based on the background music. This technique helps to ease the labor-intensive work during video editing, saving energy for creators so that they can focus more on the creativity of video content. We formally define the ABM problem and its evaluation protocol. Meanwhile, a large-scale audio dataset, i.e., the AutoMatch with over 87k finely annotated background music, is presented to facilitate this newly opened research direction. To further lay solid foundations for the following study, we also propose a novel model termed BeatX to tackle this challenging task. Alongside, we creatively present the concept of label scope, which eliminates the data imbalance issues and assigns adaptive weights for the ground truth during the training procedure in one stop. Though plentiful short video platforms have flourished for a long time, the relevant research concerning this scenario is not sufficient, and to the best of our knowledge, AutoMatch is the first large-scale dataset to tackle the audio beat matching problem. We hope the released dataset and our competitive baseline can encourage more attention to this line of research. The dataset and codes will be made publicly available.


Purpose: To determine the efficacy of bevicizumab in the treatment of vitreous hemorrhage in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Material and Method: The hundred patients with type I and type II diabetes mellitus for more than 7 to 8 years and having New vessels at the disc (NVD) or elsewhere on the fundus (NVE) were collected from Mayo hospital outpatient department. After taking informed consent and recording the demographic details including name, age, sex, address etc patients were


The transformation of a grovelling worm to the glory that attaches to the winged aspirant of the heavens, has won for this insect from remote antiquity the appellation of Spirit or Soul, as typical of the resurrected human body. There is, I think, good reason to believe that the root meaning of the word Butterfly dates back to early Egyptian history, and as a hieroglyphic it is synonymous as representing the qualities of completeness and perfection which characterize the soul. I have supposed that it might serve the interest of this journal to record such historical gleanings bearing upon this subject as have come within my reach. It is said that in Yorkshire in England, the country folk call the night-flying white moths, Souls. This restricted application of the term very forcibly expresses what had been traditionally received by these people, and which they unwittingly have applied to certain white winged species. The English word Moth is said to be the Egyptian MUT or MAT. MAT is to pass; MUT to die; MATT, unfold, unwind, open, as the chrysalis entered the winged state and passed. The winged thing was a symbol of the Soul; it appears in the hieroglyphics as the Moth or Butterfly.


Abstract Current experiment was performed in order to investigate the effects of Bacillus subtilis-based probiotic supplementation and fermented soybean meal (FSBM) on gut health, immune response to Newcastle disease virus (NDV), dry matter digestibility and growth performance in broiler chickens. Three hundred 1-day-old male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were allocated to five dietary treatments using a completely randomised design. Each treatment was replicated six times with 10 birds/replicate. The dietary treatments were (1) control group [basal diet (BD), without probiotic and FSBM], (2) BD + 0.02% probiotic (0.8 × 105 CFU of spores/gr feed), (3) BD + 0.04% probiotic (1.6 × 106 CFU of spores/gr feed), (4) 10% replacement of soybean meal (SBM) with FSBM in BD and (5) 20% replacement of SBM with FSBM in BD. Soybean fermentation was carried out under solid fermentation condition by B. subtilis spore. FSBM replacement at 20% improved weight gain and feed conversion ratio compared with the control group (p < 0.05). FSBM replacement at the level of 20% led to increase in villi height (p < 0.05). Villus height in the ileum was increased by 0.04% probiotic supplementation. FSBM replacement improved chicks' immune response against NDV vaccine on day 42 (p < 0.05), but the effect was not significant for probiotic supplementation. Coliforms count in ileum was reduced by probiotic and FSBM supplementation (p < 0.05). Dry matter digestibility was improved by probiotic supplementation at 0.04%. According to the results of the current study, replacing SBM with FSBM at 20% and dietary supplementation of B. subtilis spores improved growth performance, intestinal health, immune system and dry matter digestibility of broilers. Highlights Fermentation is one of the most effective methods which can be used to decrease the feed anti-nutritional factors and to improve feed nutritional properties. Both the direct fed microbe via Bacillus subtilis spores supplementation and replacement of fermented soybean meal (FSBM) instead of soybean meal improved the chicks' performance which mostly can be related to the beneficial effects of B. subtilis and FSBM on the gut health.


Coronavirus disease 2019 has seriously affected the world. One major protective measure for individuals is to wear masks in public areas. Several regions applied a compulsory mask-wearing rule in public areas to prevent transmission of the virus. Few research studies have examined automatic face mask detection based on image analysis. In this paper, we propose a deep learning based single-shot light-weight face mask detector to meet the low computational requirements for embedded systems, as well as achieve high performance. To cope with the low feature extraction capability caused by the light-weight model, we propose two novel methods to enhance the model's feature extraction process. First, to extract rich context information and focus on crucial face mask related regions, we propose a novel residual context attention module. Second, to learn more discriminating features for faces with and without masks, we introduce a novel auxiliary task using synthesized Gaussian heat map regression. Ablation studies show that these methods can considerably boost the feature extraction ability and thus increase the final detection performance. Comparison with other models shows that the proposed model achieves state-of-the-art results on two public datasets, the AIZOO and Moxa3K face mask datasets. In particular, compared with another light-weight you only look once version 3 tiny model, the mean average precision of our model is 1.7% higher on the AIZOO dataset, and 10.47% higher on the Moxa3K dataset. Therefore, the proposed model has a high potential to contribute to public health care and fight against the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.


ABSTRACT To the Editor.— In response to the article entitled "The Accidental Tourist: Medical Emergencies in the Air," I can assure Dr Dan1 that flight attendants do receive basic life support training in addition to first aid. I worked as a flight attendant for Pan American World Airways in 1973, when I had my first introduction to the "Resusci-Annie" doll. In my experience with the airline, I assisted an in-flight passenger who sustained a closed fracture of the radius. My roommate helped deliver a baby. I knew of two attendants who gave mouth-to-mouth resuscitation for several hours to a stricken passenger on a transatlantic flight before landing was possible. In addition, there have been countless incidents of attendants saving passengers from choking. I agree that it would make an excellent television series. May I suggest "Doc Riders in the Sky"?


The DOF(DNA binding with one finger) transcription factors are members of a family of plant-specific transcription factors that have a highly conserved DNA-binding domain,namely Dof domain which contains a single C2C2-type zinc-finger-like motif and specifically recognizes an(A/T)AAAG sequence as the recognition core.It suggests that the Dof transcription factors play diverse roles in specific biological processes in plants.Members of this protein family in plants are found to be involved in the gene regulation of many processes,but the roles in fatty acid metabolism are rarely reported.To investigate whether AtDof1.7 Dof transcription factor can regulate fatty acid metabolism,on the basis of the sequence of AtDof1.7(GenBank accession No.AT1G51700),we designed the specific primer containing different enzyme sites.With the template of Arabidopsis thaliana DNA,the AtDof1.7 gene fragment was isolated,which was inserted into the expression vector by forward and reverse ways respectively.The RNA interference vector of pADOF1 containing AtDof1.7 gene fragment was constructed.Using floral-dip method,pADOF1 was successfully transformed into wide-type Arabidopsis thaliana.Glyphosate resistance screening and PCR detection showed that five positive transgenic plants were obtained.The result of RT-PCR showed that transgenic plants had lower expression level of AtDof1.7 gene than the wild type.Fatty acid content was analyzed by gas chromatography which showed that the content of oleic acid increased and the content of linolenic acid decreased drastically in each transgenic plant compared with wide-type plants.These results indicated that AtDof1.7 transcription factor has certain relation with fatty acid metabolic pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana seed which provides a good foundation for further study on the function of AtDof1.7 transcription factor in fatty acid metabolic regulation.


An iterative‐integral technique is used to determine the velocity of hot electrons in a‐SiO2. Deviations from linearity begin for fields above 8×105 V/cm, and saturation of the velocity‐field curve sets in for fields above 1×106 V/cm.


PURPOSE: A leakage monitoring system for a pipeline using sensor networks is provided to help efficient management of a pipeline by remotely transmitting information on defects in real time. CONSTITUTION: A leakage monitoring system for a pipeline using sensor networks comprises a sensing data collecting unit(10), a monitoring unit(20), and a central monitoring server(30). The sensing data collecting unit comprises a vibration sensor module(11) which measures the vibration of a pipeline, a displacement sensor module(12) which measures the displacement of the pipeline caused by external vibration, an input sensor module(13) which measures the internal pressure of the pipeline, and a sound sensor module(14) which measures the fracture sound in the pipeline. The monitoring unit analyzes sensing data transmitted from the sensing data collecting unit and monitors the state of the pipeline. The central monitoring server receives the sensing data from the sensing data collecting unit and alarms a critical situation, notifies leakage information to an administrator, and controls facilities.


I will briefly recount the histories of three individuals who were exhibited for White audiences, to consider the role that the White spectator has in the construction of White supremacist ideology that casts Whiteness as norm and Blackness as deviant curiosity. Drawing from womanist scholarship, I will argue that the White theological canon and White-centric scholarship actively perpetuate this legacy. In conclusion I analyze the theology syllabi collected in the Wabash/AAR database to expose the ongoing construction of White supremacist ideologies within the theology classroom.


Calculations are reported for the singlet He*-H/sub 2/ potential energy surface. Anomalous structure in the interaction potential is discussed. (AIP)


Longitudinal liquid mixing in a concurrent multistage bubble column partitioned by perforated plates was observed by means of the thermal tracer technique. The mixing characteristic was expressed by combining the back flow through the plate and the dispersion in each stage. The back flow ratio of liquid through plate r, which was defined by the ratio of back flow rate to the net flow rate of liquid, was independent of plate spacing and column diameter, and was affected by gas velocity ug, liquid velocity ul, free area of plate Ar, hole diameter of plate do, plate thickness d and liquid viscosity p. The values of k are empirically correlated with ug, ul, Ar, do, d and /u. The dispersion coefficient in stage was smaller than that in the bubble column without partition plate.


T nHE economy of a number of regions in the United States has been developed primarily as a result of the availability of a mineral resource. As a result of more than a century of intensive mineral exploitation, many of our mineral regions are exhausted and many more are in a stage of declining production. Consequently, many of these mineral areas have long been in an economically depressed condition. Solution of their problems has seldom gone beyond the giving of temporary relief funds by the government and frequently this type of aid has perpetuated and increased the difficulties. How can a sound economy be developed in a mineral region? This is one of the fundamental social and economic problems of our times. The dynamic nature of a mineral economy is well illustrated in the evolution of the Connellsville Beehive Coke Region of southwestern Pennsylvania (Fig. 1). From 1880 to about 1918, this area was world famous for its expanding economy in the production of quality coke. It is not so well known that for the past three decades this area has had a declining economy and remains today one of the most economically depressed areas in eastern United States.


In this paper we present R-CoRe; a rule-based contextual reasoning platform for Ambient Intelligence environments. R-CoRe integrates Contextual Defeasible Logic (CDL) and Kevoree, a componentbased software platform for Dynamically Adaptive Systems. Previously, we explained how this integration enables to overcome several reasoning and technical issues that arise from the imperfect nature of context knowledge, the open and dynamic nature of Ambient Intelligence environments, and the restrictions of wireless communications. Here, we focus more on technical aspects related to the architecture of R-Core, and demonstrate its use in Ambient Assisted Living.


Though DDT in experiments usually occurs in the presence of turbulent flames in obstacle-laden channels, acceleration of laminar flames can also lead to detonation. One example is flame propagation in submillimeter channels and gaps [4–10]. In these thin channels a precursor shock is produced as the flame accelerates, which creates a boundary layer in front of the flame. A combination of shock heating and viscous dissipation can increase the temperature in the boundary layer until autoignition occurs [5, 11, 12]. The resulting spontaneous wave, in turn, leads to the initiation of a detonation.


Well mixed low NOx gas turbines are limited, in the operational range of the low NOx mode, by the weak extinction and CO limits of the flame stabiliser used. The operational range of the combustor in the <10ppm low NOx mode is set by the range of equivalence ratios over which ultra low NOx without acoustic resonance can be achieved. This paper reviews the available data on weak extinction in well mixed low NOx combustion systems and presents some new data. Atmospheric pressure weak extinction data is shown to be similar to weak extinction at pressure for similar stabiliser designs and reference velocities. For low NOx gas turbine combustion it is demonstrated that all the best weak extinctions are identical to the lean flammability limit for laminar flames. Weak extinction is where the flow velocity exceeds the turbulent burning velocity and data on weak extinction is used as a measure of the mean turbulent burning velocity and shown to correlate with turbulent burning velocity data and theories. Methods of predicting the peak turbulence generated downstream of a flame stabiliser are outlined, based on grid plate measurements of turbulence and pressure loss. It is shown that a wide range of premixed flame stabilisers including swirling and non-swirling flame stabilisers have a weak extinction that can be predicted using this method.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


The mouse CREB cDNA was reformed by by PCR technique to delete 5^ - and 3^ - terminal nontranslating regions affecting its expression and to introduce restriction sites for genetic manipulation. The CREF cDNA (1071bp) reformed was abtained after 30 amplification cycles and was analyzed for its restriction map and its sequence. Expression vetors of the cDNA in E. coli were constructed. the two recombinant vectors were successfully expressed in E. coli on the basis of showing by western blotting.


The objective of this study is to analyze groundwater level on slope that effect the slope stability. In this research, the instrumentation monitoring equipment were applied to investigate the groundwater due to the rainfalls that effected to slope stability. Groundwater level were related to rainfall intensity and pore water pressure as the simulation of behavior of the groundwater pattern through slope model were produced. The result indicates that the pore water pressure and groundwater level are facilitated to be fluctuated by heavy rainfall. Moreover, the different part of slopes need to be compared and it was found that the bottom part of the slope has high concentration of groundwater and pore water pressure due to the rainfall cumulative effects. The result also indicates that the bottom slope is worse when it is subjected to a high groundwater level. Thus, the rising of groundwater level due to rainfall was the main reason for the slope resulted in unstable condition.


The 50-year inhalation and ingestion dose commitments associated with an acute intake (of a radionuclide) of 3.7 x 10/sup 4/ Bq (1 ..mu..Ci) in one day were compared with the corresponding dose commitments calculated for a 70-year integration period resulting from a chronic intake of the same amount at a rate of 101 Bq/d (0.00274 ..mu..Ci/d) for one year. These values, known as dose conversion factors, estimate the dose accumulated during a given period of time following a unit of intake of a radionuclide. It was demonstrated that the acute intake of 3.7 x 10/sup 4/ Bq in one day and the chronic intake of 101 Bq/d for one year (a total intake of 3.7 x 10/sup 4/ Bq) result in essentially the same dose commitment for a relatively long integration period. Therefore, the comparison of 50-year acute dose conversion factors and 70-year chronic dose conversion factors is essentially only a measure of the additional dose accumulated in the 50 to 70 year period. It was found that for radionuclides with atomic mass less than 200 the percent difference in the 70-year and 50-year dose conversion factors was essentially zero in most cases. Differences of approximately 5 to 50% weremore » obtained for dose conversion factors for most alpha emitters with atomic masses of greater than 200. Comparisons were made on the basis of both organ dose equivalent and effective dose equivalent. The implications and significance of these results are discussed.« less


however, has been definitely identified with Coccium, though very few Roman remains have been discovered in the town itself. The spot where the coins were turned up is two miles to the north of the marketplace, about 17 yds. beyond the boundary of the county borough and ancient parish and township of Wigan, actually in Standish parish, about 50 yds. to the east of the highway from Wigan to Chorley. The coins were not enclosed in any kind of box or pot, but they may originally have been wrapped in some sort of cloth or other perishable container. Those recovered have been identified by Mr. Donald Atkinson, B.A., of Manchester University, as follows:—Nero 1, Vitellius 1, Vespasian 3, Domitian 1, Trajan 1, Hadrian J, Antoninus Pius 5, Faustina I 1, Faustina II 2, Marcus Aurelius 2, Commodus 3, Crispina 1, Septimius Severus ^ , Julia Domna 18, Caracalla 22, Plautilla 2, Geta 9, Macrinus 3, Elagabalus 6, Julia Paula 2, Severus Alexander 13, Julia Mamaea 3, unidentified 4, Total 137. As will be seen, the coins go back to the first century of the Christian era and cover a period of 150 years. I understand that Mr. Atkinson proposes to publish a detailed report on the find in an early number of the Journal of Roman Studies, and will incorporate with it a review of the somewhat similar find made near Standish at the end of the seventeenth century, and noted by Dr. Charles Leigh in his Natural History of Lancashire (Oxford, 1700).


2019 Background: Gliomagenesis is regulated by dynamic epigenetic modifications of DNA methylation, deregulation of histones and alteration of the human Switch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complexes. These epigenetic genes are responsible for treatment resistance by inducing stemness of glioma cells and immune cells with in the tumor microenvironement (TME). We evaluated the key chromatin remodeling (CR) genes and their interactions with other regulatory genes that are of prognostic importance. Methods: 1856 HGGs underwent molecular profiling at Caris Life Sciences (Phoenix, AZ). Analyses included next-generation sequencing of DNA (592 Genes, NextSeq or WES, NovaSeq) and RNA (WTS, NovaSeq). Cell infiltration in the TME was estimated by quanTIseq. X2/Fisher's-exact/Mann-Whitney U tests were used for comparison, and significance was determined as p-value adjusted for multiple comparison by the Benjamini-Hochberg method (q < 0.05). Overall survival (OS) was calculated from the start of temozolomide (TMZ) to last contact using insurance claims data. Results: In a cohort of 1856 HGGs, 181 (9.8%) displayed >=1 mutation of 19 CR genes considered, including mutations (mt) of histone methyltransferases (HM) comprising SETD2 (62, 3.4%), KMT2D (18, 1.0%), KMT2C (11, 0.6%); SWI/SNF complexes (SSNF) including ARID1A (32, 1.74%), ARID2 (15, 0.82%), SMARCA4 (14, 0.76%) and ARID1B (12, 0.66%); and others including ( DNMT3A, 0.94%, ASLXL1: 13, 0.98%). When compared to CR-WT, CR-mt HGGs showed higher prevalence of Tumor Mutational Burden-High (TMB-H) (23% vs. 1.3%), MSI-H/dMMR (13% vs. 0.2%), gLOH (9.5% vs 4.3%), and mts in IDH1/2 (29% vs. 14%), TP53 (55% vs. 36%), MSH6 (8.8% vs. 0.6%), and PIK3CA (18.8% vs. 8.3%) (all q<0.05). Investigation of CR-mt subgroups showed that SSNF mt had the highest MGMT-promoter methylation (68%) and IDH1/2 mt (46%), while HM and others showed similar prevalence. In IDH-WT and MSS HGGs, the CR association with TMB-H, MSH6, TP53 and PIK3CA persisted (q<0.05). When studying the immune profile, CR-mt HGGs showed significantly lower expression of immune-related genes including PD-L1 (Fold change: 0.76), PD-L2 (0.72), IDO1 (0.65), TIM3 (0.76) and CD86 (0.77) and colder TME as manifested by lower infiltrations of M2 (0.87) and higher Treg (1.27, all q<0.05); such effects were not observed in the subgroup of IDH WT/MSS tumors. Among TMZ-treated HGG tumors, CR mt was associated with improved OS (33 months vs 22m, HR: 0.713, 95% CI: 0.581-0.876, p =.001). In the IDH WT/MSS subgroup this effect was also observed (31.6m vs 19.2m, HR: 0.764, 95% CI: 0.59-0.99, p = 0.041). Conclusions: Nearly 10% of HGGs carry mts in CR genes. CR-mt HGGs possess significantly more favorable genetic alterations and colder TME compared to the CR-WT HGGs and showed better OS when treated with TMZ. Multivariate modeling and analysis of associations with specific targeted therapies is underway.


The paper presents results of laboratory studies on the possibility of co-incineration of sewage sludge with waste rubber, as the possibility of thermal treatment of both: sludge and examined waste. Municipal sewage sludge, taken from the Wastewater Treatment Plant in Tychowo and waste bicycle tires ware used in the examinations. In addition, results were compared with the results of co-incineration of analysed sewage sludge mixed with hard coal as classic fuel. The initial stage of the study was a technical analysis of materials used in the examinations. Results of the analysis of exhaust gas fluxes, resulting from the co-incineration of examined waste and sewage sludge were presented and evaluated in the next part of paper. Following parameters were determined: cSO2 – concentration of sulfur oxide (IV), cNOx – concentration of nitrogen oxides. Variable independent parameters determined during studies of mixtures incineration were: mass fraction of sludge in the fuel mixture, temperature in the combustion zone of the furnace and the excess air coefficient. Analysis of energetic properties and emissions of pollutants, under tested conditions of incineration of those mixtures, allowed determining the maximum share of sewage sludge in the fuel mixture and impact of variability of independent parameters of the incineration process on the quality of this process. Final analysis of energetic properties of mixtures and results of examinations on incineration conditions of those mixtures proved, that maximum mass fraction of sewage sludge should not exceed 10%. Increase of incineration temperature significantly decreases quality of thermal processing of examined sewage sludge, increasing emissions of sulfur oxide (IV) and, to a greater extent, of nitrogen oxides NOx. Increase of oxygen amount, along with air fed into incineration chamber caused, causes increase of nitrogen oxides emission and slight changes of sulfur dioxide concentration.


This paper examines the relative effects of sex, marital status, age, and their potential interactions in recent psychiatric treatment while controlling for the severity of mental illness across six different dimensions of psychiatric symptomatology in a national data sample. Only marital status and age are found consistently to have social selection effects on psychiatric treatment in the past year. Analyses of these data show no empirical support for the theoretical proposition that women have a greater propensity than men to seek psychiatric treatment. Social selection processes across the six different dimensions of psychiatric symptomatology, using log-linear models, account for 26 percent to 57 percent of the "explained" variation in the odds ratios of psychiatric treatment. The presence of these non-trivial social selection effects on psychiatric treatment raises important issues in attempts to validate measures of untreated mental illness, and the substitution of treated mental illness data for untreated mental illness data, in tests of etiological hypotheses of mental illness.


MXT‐M‐3,2 breast cancer implanted into female B6D2F1 mice accelerates the growth of an identical second tumor. This process is accompanied by a significant increase of the granulocyte and monocyte numbers in the blood and of the granulocyte and macrophage numbers in the spleen. A significant positive correlation of strong intensity was found between the tumor weight on the one hand and the number of the granulocytes and macrophages on the other hand. The tumor‐dependent promotion of the myelopoiesis is explained with a secretion of hematopoietic growth factors, e.g. of the granulocyte‐macrophage‐stimulating growth factor (GM‐CSF), by the breast cancer cells.


OBJECTIVE
To review the first years experience of the only private MRI facility in Australia.

METHOD
Utilisation Review.

RESULTS
1497 scans have been comprehensively analysed, with regard to the efficacy of the procedure in examining the brain, spinal cord, the lumbar region and the knee joint.


Rice has one of the biggest consumption levels all across the world. Parboiled rice is a type of rice, which has been partially cooked during the milling process and then packaged for sale for use in homes and restaurants. During parboiling starch granules of rice are gelatinized. In this project work, paddy crude and parboiled rice samples were collected from Golden Rice Mill in Pathein Township, Ayeyarwady Region. Some physicochemical properties and nutritional values such as moisture, ash, protein, crude fiber, fat, carbohydrate and energy value were determined by routine laboratory methods. The moisture percent was determined by oven dry method. The ash percent is a measure of the food and it was determined by ashing method. The protein content was determined by Kjeldahl method. The crude fiber content was determined by fiber cap method. Fat content was determined by Soxhlet extraction method. From the results of this work, its rich in carbohydrates and vitamins which is excellent for healthy diet in human body. ds:


This paper makes an analysis of the reasons and contents of the reorganization of the work flow and the optimization grouping in university libraries,points out that in order to realize knowledge management,better knowledge service,a set of working mechanism and service mechanism should be established,administrations should be reformed,professional work flow should be reorganized,and organizational structures should be optimized.


The aim of the study is to investigate the acute toxicity of the oral finished dosage form of pegylated interferon α-2b, obtained with the help of electron-beam synthesis technology. Material and methods. The preparation was orally administered to mice and rats at calculated therapeutic doses and doses exceeding them. Recorded parameters: animal death, general condition and behavior, weight of animals. Results and discussion. The drug has no toxic effect when administered orally. No macroscopic signs of gastric damage were found. The definition of LD is not possible.


The range and degree of electrical hazards associated with lasers is generally greater than encountered with other forms of equipment in the industrial, commercial, or scientific sectors. In laser equipment the electrical energy conversion to 'optical' wavelength energy is achieved by many methods, each method having differing electrical safety hazard exposures. Laser output is described in terms of beam power, energy, wavelength, and spatial characteristics, enabling common points of comparison and beam hazard characterization. In contrast, the methods of electrical energy conversion have unique characteristics which are not generally appreciated. It is natural to expect this, as it is the laser beam that is the instrument of useful work, not the manner in which the beam is produced. The fact that certain energy conversion methods require electrical equipment having more in common with radar transmitters leaves open the problem of severe electrical hazards through unfamiliarity and inexperience. Many sev...


As it has proved world-widely during the exploration among underdeveloped regions that the law creates the guarantee for the economic development and ecological reconstruction. It has been many years since the legal system construction on ecology has powerfully promoted the administration and reconstruction of ecological atmosphere in Northwestern regions and has secured the ecological tendency towards natural balance. Nevertheless, the fragility of ecology has not been totally transformed. The ecological situation is turning towards betterment in part, and as a whole, it is becoming worse. The current and related legal system has certain stagnancy and transparent weaknesses. So the creation of the law is becoming necessary. We should mainly utilize the economic methods put away the previous ecological administration, put away the previous ecological administration principle that economy relies on the market administration, and put away the previous ecological administration principle that economy relies on the market and ecology relies on the government. Simultaneously, we should establish the trading system of pollution emission rights and change the administrative model of government informant. In addition, to mprove the civil liabilities on ecological infringement and to set up the compensation mechanism for ecological efficiency are another two concerns in the article. Law enforcement supervision is referred to in the last section.


In order to work a continuously introduced at a place in the apparatus used to align the stack of sheets of paper sheets is proposed that the front edge of the sheet stopper by means of their common axis of the front edge of the vertically movably arranged in such a way that to lift sheet stack sheet stack region auxiliary support frame before the front edge of the shaft causes or edge stopper.


Within the addiction field some advocates support a suite of de-regulatory policies which aim to reduce harm by providing people who use drugs with a 'safe supply' of pharmaceutical grade medications. Such initiatives have commenced without the evidence standards normally used to label medication provision as 'safe'.
This perspective suggests continued debate and research in this area acknowledge the potential toxicity of any provided 'safe supply' medications and highlights that these initiatives could result in an unhelpful reduction in interactions between people who use drugs and healthcare professionals.


Purpose: Many theoretical models have been designed to predict exposure levels and absorbed doses under various exposure conditions. The aim of this report, however, is to obtain, through a practical method, a quantitative measure of the absorbed doses in patients undergoing routine X-ray examinations to various anatomical sites. Materials and Methods: Anatomical phantoms simulating patients' extremities were exposed under routine radiography conditions. Radiation doses were recorded with (Dw) and without the phantoms (Dwo), and the subtraction of Dw from Dwo gave a quantitative measure of the absorbed dose in the specific anatomy. Results: Calculated absorbed doses are well below the internationally recommended Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRL) of a few mGy, where the measured absorbed dose in the wrist was lowest at 55.3 μGy, in the knee it was 94 μGy, while the highest absorbed dose was for the ankle at 112.3 μGy Conclusions: Measured absorbed doses reported here, although calculated assuming no scattering processes, are very low. These absorbed dose values translate into effective doses in the range 0.05 to 0.112 mSv, that are comparable with the ICRP recommended levels of 0.01 mSv for routine radiography. Furthermore, it provides a practical quantification process that allows for the estimation of absorbed dose in patients undergoing repeated radiographical examinations.


Dicyclopentadiene reacts with [RMn(CO)5](R = Me or Ph) in non-donor solvents to afford 1 : 1 adducts, [(RCO·C10H12)Mn(CO)4], as the major reaction products, together with small amounts of 2 : 1 adducts, [(RCO·C10H12)Mn(CO)4(C10H12)]. When the reaction of [MeMn(CO)5] and the diene is carried out in acetonitrile solvent under similar conditions the 2 : 1 adduct is formed as the major product, with the 1 : 1 adduct and an acyl complex, [(MeCO·C10H12·CO)Mn(CO)4(C10H12)], as minor products. The structures and reactions of some of these compounds with trivalent phosphorus ligands and with sulphur dioxide are described. The attempted reactions of [MeMn(CO)5] with norbornadiene and cyclo-octa-1,5-diene, and the reactions between dicyclo-pentadiene and [MeCo(Co)4] and [MeRe(Co)4] are also described.


"This is Kendo" is a fully illustrated introduction to the traditional art of Japanese fencing--its essential nature and its basic techniques. It is the first book in English to describe and analyze this famous sport. Features include: over 100 photographs and drawingsorigin and history of kendobasic kendo principles and techniquesphysical and psychological aspects of kendorelationship between kendo and Zentraditions governing kendo etiquette and techniqueclear-cut descriptions of the most important strikes, offensive and defensive positions, and training exercises.


Guest Editor: Guixiu Shi Aims & Scope: Autoimmune diseases are a large group of diseases occur due to uncontrolled abnormal immune responses. The common autoimmune diseases seen in clinical practice are rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, sjogren's syndrome, vasculitis, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and systemic sclerosis. Biologic therapy as a new weapon in the war against autoimmune diseases is rapidly expanding owning to their specificity, efficacy and safety profiles compared with the traditional non-biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs). The major targets of these biologic therapies include cytokines, immune cells and some co-stimulation molecules. Cytokines as the targets of biologic therapies include the three classic inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1. Immune cells targets include use of anti-CD20 antibodies to deplete B cells and B-cell activating factor (BAFF) modulation. Though these agents are useful in most patients, the adverse effects accompanied with biologic therapy such as infection and tumor incidence make it quite important to decide appropriately when and how to use these agents. Research in order to fine more candidate targets of biologic therapy in autoimmune disease is ongoing. In order to facilitate the right use of biologic therapy as a useful and safe tool in treatment of autoimmune disease, this special issue aims to review the recent advances of biologic therapy in autoimmune disease, covering different strategies available in clinical use and potential targets for treatment of different diseases.


Random beamforming (RBF) uses the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) feedback to select users in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. A large number of users are required to obtain the gain of multi-user diversity for a downlink transmission. However, if the number is not large enough, it may be difficult to obtain multi-user diversity, leading to a rapid degradation in performance. To resolve this problem, we propose the beamforming matrix transformation and the user scheduling method. The beamforming matrix transformation scheme uses the SINRs of each users and have a better performance than conventional schemes over a small number of users. In addition, we propose the user scheduling scheme corresponding to the beamforming matrix transformation. In simulation results, we demonstrate that the sum-rate can be improved according to the number of users.


In this paper,an adaptive moving mesh method is proposed and applied for solving Allen-Cahn phase-field model.The mesh redistribution is obtained by solving a Poisson like partial differential equation system.A plenty of grid points are clustered within the region with large solution variations,while less grid points are located in the regions with smooth solutions.The Allen-Cahn model is discretized by a semi-implicit finite difference scheme,which will lead to a large sparse linear algebra system.The algebra multigrid method is used to solve the linear system.Numerical experiments show that the proposed adaptive approach is effective in improving resolution and computational efficiency.


Contents: Introduction.- The method of polynomials.- The Geometric method.- The linear programming method.- Multivariate Bonferroni-type inequalities.- Classical problems of probability and applications in combinatorics.- Applications in number theory.- Statistical applications.- Extreme value theory.- Miscellaneous topics.


113]. Hepatology. 2016;64(suppl 1):62A. Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir/Voxilaprevir for 12 Weeks as a Salvage Regimen in NS5A Inhibitor-Experienced Patients With Genotype 1-6 Infection: The Phase 3 POLARIS-1 Study In phase 2 studies, sofosbuvir, velpatasvir, and voxilaprevir yielded high rates of SVR12 in patients who had received prior treatment with DAA-containing regimens, including patients with cirrhosis.1,2 The doubleblind, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 3 POLARIS-1 study (Safety and Efficacy of Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir/ Voxilaprevir in Adults With Chronic HCV Infection Who Have Previously Received Treatment With DirectActing Antiviral Therapy) evaluated sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir in patients with HCV genotype 1 to 6 infection who failed prior treatment with an NS5A inhibitor.3 Patients with HCV genotype 1 infection were stratified based on cirrhosis and randomly assigned to receive 12 weeks of treatment with the once-daily fixed-dose combination of sofosbuvir (400 mg)/ velpatasvir (100 mg)/voxilaprevir (100 mg) or placebo. Patients with all other HCV genotypes were enrolled into the active treatment arm. HCV RNA levels were measured by quantitative


The effects of relative humidity (RH) on litchi fruit quality have not yet been fully defined. The aim of this study was to detail the changes in physiology, non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs), and individual anthocyanin concentrations in imported litchi fruit held at various RH levels. Litchi 'Kom' fruit, imported from Thailand, was stored at 80, 85, 90, 95 or 100% RH using different concentrations of glycerol in deionised water, at 13°C for 9 days. Fruits (n=90) were individually measured for weight loss (%), hue (h°) and lightness (L*) values. Freeze-dried aril and pericarp tissue were individually extracted and analysed for NSCs and anthocyanins, respectively. Disease, mainly caused by Penicillium spp., was observed after 6 days storage which increased disease severity. Weight loss of fruit stored at 80% RH was significantly higher than at other RH levels, whilst 90% RH-stored fruit had a significantly higher h° over 9 days. The main NSCs in aril tissue were fructose (345.73 mg g -1 dry weight (DW)), glucose (329.08 mg g -1 DW) and sucrose (31.17 mg g -1 DW). There were no significant differences in NSCs concentration according to RH treatment. Generally, fructose and glucose concentrations increased during 9 days storage, whereas sucrose levels declined. The principal anthocyanins in pericarp tissue were cyanidin 3 rutinoside (1635.52 μg g -1 DW), cyanidin 3 glucoside (19.91 μg g -1 DW) and malvidin 3 glucoside (15.03 μg g -1 DW). All anthocyanins concentrations decreased after 9 days storage except fruit stored at 100% RH when anthocyanins increased. Anthocyanin levels from 80% RH-treated fruit were significantly lower than litchi held under higher RH conditions.


Since the early 1970s, diverse forms of pedagogy have arisen in resistance to so-called transmissionist approaches to education, under the banner of Radical Pedagogy (Gore, 1993; McWilliam, 1997). This paper is part of a continuing project to develop in my own practice what I will call a post-critical pedagogy a radical pedagogy that is comfortable under postmodern conditions; that no longer legitimizes itself by appeal to a meta-narrative of liberation; and after Gore (1993), accepts its own effects as potentially both productive and repressive. In this paper I consider ways that some radical pedagogues have responded to the crisis of knowing that an encounter with postmodernism invites. I argue that by being constructed around an often explicit emancipatory project (see for example, Giroux, 1994), existing forms of radical pedagogy operate in opposition to postmodern skepticism. Rather than abandon a notion of the political in pedagogy altogether, I attempt to show that those pedagogies inspired by Vygotsky's (1934/1987) notion of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) construct what Derrida (according to Jenkins, 2000) or Foucault (according to Falzon, 1999) might describe as an ethical relation between pedagogical subjects, that suggests possibilities for a post-critical pedagogy. I argue that, a radical pedagogy centered around the ZPD and Engestrom's (1999) Activity system concept, not only maintains a concept of pedagogy as politics, but by being grounded in an ethical/dialogic view of relations between the self and Other (Falzon, 1999), avoids an appeal to totalizing moralities or metanarratives of emancipation. I will attempt to show that such a pedagogy opens the way for a radical practice that is self-reflexive and cautious about closure; that resists tendencies to any "kind of self-righteousness that claims innocence" (Gore, 1991); that remains open to alterity. In the final section of the paper, following Foucault, I cast my post-critical pedagogy as a "dangerous practice", acknowledging concerns about its potential to serve the interests of fast capitalism (Gee, Hull & Lankshear, 1996).


The property of pit and fissure sealant has been improved and many studies on the bond strength, penetration, microleakage have been published. But there are few studies on the using status and perception of pit and fissure sealant within the country. Therefore, this study made a survey on it. Pedodontists and non-pedodontists were surveyed by interview. The Results were as follows; 1. On caries prevention effect, 96.7% of the pedodontists replied that sealants were effective on both permanent teeth and primary teeth. On the other hand, 13.5% of the non-pedodontists replied that sealants weren't effective on both. 2. All of the pedodontists and 27% of the non-pedodontists used rubber dams. 83.3% of the pedodontists and 40.5% of the non-pedodontists used bonding agents. 3. Non-pedodontists used enameloplasty more frequently than Pedodontists but the pattern was not significantly different. 4. The causes of sealant failures included salivary contamination, caries under sealant, low strength, low flowability, overfilling. 5. In the pedodontists, 90% replied that PRR application was desirable and PRR applications were more frequent than sealant application.


Calligraphy Animation Is a new form of animation,which is in the experimental stage.The one Inspiration of the New exploration is from the Chinese characters,which is the foundation of Chinese culture.The second inspiration is the art of calligraphy is widely used in the design in recent years,and the art in the animation also includes design elements.The production methods and the existing difficulties of Calligraphy Animation is In constant exploration and practice of summary.It's different from the commonly known,because it is rooted in the traditional and the human spirit to pass emotional,its meaning and methods have a broad prospect.It's another initiative after Chinese Ink Animation,and it will have a profound impact.


Two monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) specifc for human gliomas havebeen produced by the hybridoma technique. They are named as 5A8 and 5F4 . 5F4 is IgG-2A and 5 A8 is IgG3. 5A8 can react with two human glioma cell lines (JCBI and U251), but 5 F4 can only react with U251. Both of them do not react with human lymphocyte, adult fibrob blast, fibroblast of embryonic lung, amniocyte, and tumor cells of other organs. By the immune enzymatic histochemistry on cryostat sections, it has been found that 5A8 and 5F4 react with malignant gHoma tissues (5A8-6/7.5F4-4/7) without cross reaction with normal adult and embryonic brain tissue and some other brain tumor tissues tested In this study, we have used the solid phase enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for deteclting monoclonal antibodies to surface antigens expressed on viable glioma cells. This assay utilizes HRP-Protein A. It has been Proved that the method is highly sensitive, safe. rapid, and convenience.


Three high-sensitivity metamaterial Terahertz DNA sensors based on resonance are proposed to distinguish DNA molecule with different refractive indices. Both numerical electromagnetic method and physical circuit model interpretation are employed to analyze proposed sensor structures. Design guideline based on intuitive physical circuit model is provided and verified through full-wave simulation.


PURPOSE: A method for forming a photoresist pattern is provided to be capable of preventing the reduction of pattern width due to SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope). CONSTITUTION: A photoresist layer is coated on a semiconductor substrate. The first photoresist pattern is formed by selectively exposing and developing the photoresist layer. The second photoresist pattern is formed by blank exposure of the first photoresist pattern and heating. RELACS(Resist Enhancement Lithography Assisted by Chemical Shrink) is coated on the second photoresist pattern and heated. By developing the resultant structure, the third photoresist pattern is formed.


In greenhouse,13 treatments were conducted.The study on nutrient defi-ciency
treatments of Eucalyptus grandis seedlings showed that more than one nutrient limitedgrowth
of heights, diameter and biomass production of E. grandis seedlings in each of thetropical soils
that were examined, and biomass is most sensitive in the three indexes. Nutri-ents that limited
seedling growth on each soiI type were:P and Ca of Galmara soil;P,N andS of Tyson soil;P and
Ca of Pigin soil; P,N,S,Zn and B of Kirrima soil;P,N,K and S ofBulgun soil;P,N,K,S,Zn and Mo of
Hull soil.When these nutrients that mentioned abovewere omission from the complete nutrient
formulation(COM)in the relative soil types,biomass above ground(Da)of seedlings were
reduced by 24%~98%,comparing with Davalues of COM treatment.A simple guide to diagnosis
of foliar symptoms of deficiencies of 5major elements(N,P,K,S and Ca)has been prepared.


Model-Based Engineering (MDE) aims to improve productivity by increasing the return which companies can derive from previous software development effort [1]. The Composition with guarantees for High integrity Embedded Software componentS assembly (CHESS) project focuses on the area of design and analysis of extra-functional properties of diverse systems in MDE; the aim is building modeling languages for the specification of such properties based on a common platform-independent component model to be developed and which could be used in several different domains (space, telecom, railways, automotive). Development of tools for extra-functional properties evaluation and provision support for evaluation of software architectures and traceability of non-functional requirements have to be provided. A noteworthy goal of the project is to provide adaptation of component infrastructures for integration of real-time and dependable patterns; it should be possible to integrate the specific design patterns associated to real-time and dependable systems to the software infrastructures, modeling tools and automatic software generators. Moreover validation of the entire approach through innovative dynamic component-based case studies has to be fulfilled. The MDH side contribution to CHESS will mainly involve the Telecom domain. Requirements for the domain have to be formalized in a uniform way and analysis methods have to be specified. Execution platform and rules for transforming from CHESS to platform-specific models have to be specified and knowledge in modeling languages and tools, domainspecific modeling, model transformations, transformation tools, model weaving will be required as well as remarkable research in both component-based and embedded real-time systems. Several code generators from the CHESS modeling language will be needed as well as transformers from analysis tools' output format and the CHESS modeling language for round-trip engineering. Reuse and integration of existing tools will be also relevant. The project results have to be verified and validated through corresponding use cases.


HE LITERATURE concerning Savai Jayasimhal (3 November 1688-21 SepT tember 1743), who ascended the gaddi of Amber in Rajasthana on 25 January 1700 and ruled that state with great success till his death, grows very rapidly.2 It is my intention here simply to examine on the basis of the surviving manuscripts the astronomical labors undertaken at the court of Jayasimha, to establish such facts as can be established concerning his collaborators, and to estimate in a provisional manner their response to the Islamic and European science of which they became increasingly aware in the 1720s and 1 7 3 0 ~ ~ The Arabic and Persian astronomical and astrological manuscripts that survive at Jaipur in the Library of the Maharaja Sawai Mansingh I1 Museum have recently been catalogued by D. A. King.* Of the nineteen manuscripts in the list, the eight listed below were acquired in Sam. 1782 (A.D. 1725), which is clearly the very year in which Jayasimha's efforts to reform Indian astronomy began. 6. The Zij of Ulugh Beg (King 11.3). 7. The Persian version of al-Biriini's astrological work, the Tafhfm (4). 10. The commentary by al-Birjandi on al-Nishapiiri's treatise on arith-


We investigate the leading SUSY-QCD contributions to the branch ratio (BR) of within the context of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) with complex parameters, assuming more generally that there is a misalignment between the squark and quark that leads to a flavor non-diagonal squark mass matrix. We introduce complex phases only in μ and , namely and , for simplicity, and study the dependence of the BR of on these phase parameters. Our calculations show that these CP-violation phases and the flavor mixing parameter λ influence the BR of considerably, and the effect induced by is much larger than that by and . For different values of the complex parameters μ and that are set in this paper, the BR of is in the range of , depending mainly on the value of the trilinear coupling .


revi~ion of Faust legends in Doc/or Fallstlls Lights the Ugltts or providing essential historical data on Stein 's use of Susan B. Anthony's actual speeches in The Mother of Us All. Bowers presents a comprehensive and provocative discuss ion of Stein's wide ranging influence and relation to avant-garde theater and other • ' language artists" in her concluding epilogue ( 132), Such diverse relations (Bowers discusses the work of Alfred Jarry. Maurice Maeterlinck, Antonio Artaud, David Antin, and Richard Foreman, to name only a few) are an indication of the liveliness of Stein's plays, which, as Bowers concludes, "made a new theater language and a new place for language in the theater" ([36).


Electromagnetic fields from low frequency to millimeter wave are presenting lots of interests for biomedical applications. Among them is emerging the possibility to non-invasively investigate the living at various levels from tissue/organ to cellular, with the objective to early diagnose diseases and improve the efficiency of prognostic and therapies. This workshop will consequently address the latest advances on the biomedical use of electromagnetic waves and covers: (1) bio-sensor/stimulator-concept for biological cells, blood, tissue and organs analysis, (2) microelectronics for bio-signals sensing and readout processing, (3) body-centric wireless communication and wireless power transfer for medical devices, (4) dosimetry issue related to electromagnetic fields. The first presentation focuses on the development of implantable wireless micro devices for clinical applications (US). The second talk will highlight recent advances in the design of tissue-equivalent phantoms for body-centric communication studies at millimeter-waves and their applications to antennas & propagation studies in V band (FR). The third presentation deals with the design of a wearable neuromodulator using computational models (UK). The fourth presentations are dedicated to the dosimetry of electromagnetic fields in bio-matter (IT). The fifth talk deals with the biological cells analysis in a lab-on-chip (FR) and the last presentation will adresses the use of a microwave waveguide-based dielectrometry for the discrimination of healthy and diseased human erythrocytes (Ukraine). The workshop provides a large overview of actual "hot topics" in bio-electromagnetism. Worldwide and outstanding researchers will share their expertise and latest results in the field. Programme 13:50 14:00 Welcome 14:00 – 14:30 Implantable Wireless Medical Devices J.-C. Chiao, University of Texas at Arlington, USA  Abstract 14:30 15:00 Body-Centric Wireless Communications at Millimeter Waves: from Experimental Modeling of the Human Body to Antenna & Propagation Studies Maxim Zhadobov, Nacer Chahat, Anda Guraliuc, Carole Leduc, and Ronan Sauleau. IETR, Rennes, France and JPL/NASA, Pasadena, USA  Abstract 15:00 15:30 Using Computational Models to Optimise a Neuromodulator Arsam Shiraz and Andreas Demosthenous, University College London, UK  Abstract 15:30 16:10 Coffee Break 16:10 16:40 Microdosimetry point of view in biomedical and biotechnological framework Caterina Merla, Francesca Apollonio, and Micaela Liberti, ENEA, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy  Abstract 16:40 17:10 Microwave Dielectric Spectroscopy for Cellular Analysis Katia Grenier and David Dubuc, LAAS-CNRS, Toulouse, France  Abstract 17:10 17:40 Microwave Waveguide Dielectrometry of Human Erythrocytes as a Tool for Discrimination of Health Status Kateryna Arkhypova, Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Ukraine  Abstract 17:40 17:50 Discussion WORKSHOPS AND SHORT COURSES 14:00 – 14:30 Implantable Wireless Medical Devices J.-C. Chiao, University of Texas at Arlington, USA Abstract The presentation focuses on the development of implantable wireless micro devices for clinical applications. These devices include sensors and stimulators. Wireless communication and wireless power transfer are utilized to remove constrains of wires and reduce implant sizes due to battery capacity. Technology advances also enable low-power electronics and miniaturization. These features will assist patients to have a better quality of life. Quantitative electronic data continuously recorded provides better diagnostic information and individual control of dosages empowers patients with personalized medicine. Two examples will be given. The first one is a wireless networking system integrating neurorecorders to digitize pain signals and neurostimulators to inhibit pain. The second one is a batteryless device platform that can harvest wireless energy for sensing physiological parameters or stimulating tissues. These examples can be applied to many different types of implants for practical applications. 14:30 15:00 Body-Centric Wireless Communications at Millimeter Waves: from Experimental Modeling of the Human Body to Antenna & Propagation Studies Maxim Zhadobov, Nacer Chahat, Anda Guraliuc, Carole Leduc, and Ronan Sauleau. IETR, Rennes, France and JPL/NASA, Pasadena, USA Abstract In the last years, the interest to millimeter-wave body-centric applications has significantly increased due to technological progress and some advantages offered by this frequency band. The presentation will highlight recent advances in the design of tissue-equivalent phantoms for body-centric communication studies at millimeter-waves and their applications to antennas & propagation studies in V band. 15:00 15:30 Using Computational Models to Optimise a Neuromodulator Arsam Shiraz and Andreas Demosthenous, University College London, UK Abstract After spinal cord injury, lower urinary tract dysfunction is likely. Before the advent of relatively more effective treatment and management techniques, these dysfunctions posed as the first cause of death in spinal cord injury patients. The dominant treatment and management use a combination of drugs and catheterisation. A range of other solutions involving surgical operations are also available. The side effects of the drugs, frequent episodes of rehospitalisation due to catheterisation, and costly and intrusive nature of surgical operations indicate the need for alternative forms of treatment. Trans-rectal stimulation of the pudendal nerve may provide such a solution. It has been demonstrated that pudendal nerve stimulation leads to bladder voiding or continence depending on the stimulus pulse frequency. Also, the stimulus current can be applied transrectally via surface electrodes, constituting a minimally invasive solution. However, the level of the required current may be the limiting factor of this solution as reported previously in the literature. A finite element model of a neuromodulator in pelvic region was developed, considering the main anatomical features. For a variety of electrode configurations, the electric potential along the nerve was simulated. This extracellular electric potential was then coupled with a double layer cable model of mammalian axon to investigate the dynamic response of the nerve. The outcome of the modelling study showed that by optimising the electrode configuration, it is possible to considerably reduce the amplitude of the stimulus current. 16:00 16:30 Microdosimetry point of view in biomedical and biotechnological framework Caterina Merla, Francesca Apollonio, and Micaela Liberti, ENEA, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy Abstract Microdosimetry deals with the quantitative study of the spatial, temporal, and spectral distributions of electromagnetic (EM) fields imparted to cellular and subcellular structures. To approach microdosimetry two steps are needed. The first one involves the setup of a dielectric cell model. First models used a frequency-independent behavior of the cell. However, the different nature of microscopic structures implies differentiation in the polarization phenomena and different frequency responses of the cell individual parts. Recently frequency-dependent models with dielectric relaxation have been considered unavoidable at microwaves. The second step concerns the setup of appropriate EM solutions. Both analytical methods applied to simplified cell shapes (multi-shelled spheres or ellipsoids) and numerical ones applied to irregular-shaped cells were used studying cell response under different frequencies, shapes, dielectric properties, and exposure conditions. In this scenario, microdosimetry seems to play a crucial role in single cell microwave sensing approaches, in developments of implantable micro-devices as well as in emergent medical EM field applications (e.g. controlled drug delivery). Aim of this presentation is to establish the shared scientific bases and main results of microdosimetry, and to identify the needs for future research. 16:40 17:10 Microwave Dielectric Spectroscopy for Cellular Analysis Katia Grenier and David Dubuc, LAAS-CNRS, Toulouse, France Abstract Due to the convergence of microfluidics and microwave technologies, broadband electromagnetic sensing at the cellular levels is now accessible. It permits to provide to the biomedical community a new way to observe the living, in complementarity with existing techniques (optical ones notably). Given this framework, the presentation will focus on the development of microwave and millimeter wave microsystems and associated technique for the broadband dielectric analysis of living cells and cancer cells (human lymphoma cells) notably. Latest results on the microwave dielectric spectroscopy of cells suspensions will be presented and emphasis will be given on the medical use of such a technique for cancer fight applications notably. 17:10 17:40 Microwave Waveguide Dielectrometry of Human Erythrocytes as a Tool for Discrimination of Health Status Kateryna Arkhypova, Institute for Radiophysics and Electronics of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Ukraine Abstract Different cellular malfunctions provide the basis of most common diseases, which are failed to detect in the early stages. One of the possible ways to evaluate the defect is to monitor functional activity of different cells, the red blood cells, for example. Due to their high sensitivity as well as ability to monitor in real time, the label-free microwave techniques are very suitable for this purpose. The presentation will focus on the results of experimental study to detect the functional activity of erythrocytes by tracing their dielectric characteristics and cellular receptors' activity indicators in health and disease. The approach we propose is intended to supplement current cellular analysis used for healthcare, which will allow obtaining more information


The role of oxygen as a powerful modifier of radiation injury in the biological system has been well recognized. However, a significant improvement in clinical result in the radiotherapy of human cancer with hyperbaric oxygen has not yet been established. A clinical study of this kind is difficult because of variations in radiation treatment technique, oxygen pressure, fractionation and case material. Of special interest in the clinical study is the degree of normal tissue reaction, the tolerance of patients to the procedure, the complication and finally the cure rate. Of special importance is the plan of the clinical trial and study for maximum information which should be worked out with bio-statisticians before starting the clinical project. Our experience with hyperbaric oxygen at the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center consists of an initial pilot study and subsequent randomization of patients with advanced cancer of the head and neck using hyperbaric oxygen at 4 atmospheres from 1960 to 1963 and an extension of the clinical study to include glioblastoma multiforme and bilateral pulmonary metastases using hyperbaric oxygen at 3 atmospheres from 1963 to date. A brief resume follows: Sponsored by the Zellerbach Family Fund 69 I. Radiotherapy under hyperbaric oxygen at 4 atmospheric pressure: In the non-oxygen control group, it was found that a tumor dose of 3250 r given in 3 fractionsof 1250 rad, 1000 rad, and 1000 rad at weekly intervals produced results comparableto 6000 rad in 6 weeks with conventional fractionation and complications are notincreased. In the hyperbaric oxygen group, it was found that the correspondingradiation dose at oxygen pressure of 4 atmospheres should be 2200 rad in 2 treatments spaced a week apart. This produced a reaction in normal tissue similar tothat seen in non-oxygen control group. This demonstrated that a dose-reductionfactor of 14–15 is present in the oxygen treated group as far as normal tissue toleranceand complication rate are concerned. In October, 1960, a randomized study wasbegun. This consists of 3 groups of patients: (1) receiving radiotherapy with unconventional fractionation under hyperbaric oxygen; (2) receiving radiotherapywith unconventional fractionation under no hyperbaric oxygen; (3) receiving radiotherapy with conventional fractionation, 6000 rad/6 weeks, under no hyperbaricoxygen. II. Radiotherapy under hyperbaric oxygen at 3 atmospheric pressure: Since 1963, a new transparent lucite pressure chamber was obtained. With reduction of oxygenpressure from 4 atmospheres to 3 and with the elimination of general anesthesia, amore conventional fractionation with 5 to 10 treatments given every other day orevery other 2 days can be accomplished. Glioblastoma multiforme. In the non-oxygen control group, a total tumor dose of 3600 rad/3 weeks (i.e., 400 rad per treatment, 3 treatments per week, giving in every other day for 3 weeks)


Objective: To evaluate the clinical effect of the sequential five procedure method (SFPM) on cervical spondylosis by comparing it with traditional (non surgical) therapy. Methods: The SFPM consisted of (1) Injecting analgesic solution into pathologic tissues; (2) Acupotomy: Dividing the intervetebral foramen and cutting loose from constriction and adhension of nerve roots with acupotome, which was the main therapy among the five procedures, (3) Manipulative correction; (4) Physiotherapy and treatment with equipments; (5) Administration of medicine. Traditional (non surgical) therapy was the same as the SFPM except for acupotomy. Result: The effective rate and curative rate were 96.8% and 76.0%, respectively in SFPM group (n=125) and 84.6%, 28.4% in traditional group (n=182). Significant difference was found between the two groups. Conclution: The curative effect of the SFPM was significantly higher than that of traditional therapy, since the SFPM can substantially correct the pathological changes of cervical spondylosis.


OBJECTIVE
To analyze the clinical phenotype and genetic characterization of a child with early infantile epileptic encephalopathy.

METHODS
The proband was subjected to history taking and was diagnosed based on his clinical manifestation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and whole exome sequencing (WES). Sanger sequencing was carried out to determine the origin of pathogenic variant.

RESULTS
The proband unconsciously tilts his head to one side with squint, which revealed an abnormal discharge. MRI indicated suspicious abnormal signal shadow in the left posterior frontal cortex in addition with inflammation signs in the right maxillary sinus and ethmoid sinus. WES revealed that the proband has carried a heterozygous c.5789G>A variant in the CACNAIA gene. The result of Sanger sequencing was in keeping with that of WES. Neither of his parents has carried the same variant.

CONCLUSION
The heterozygous c.5789G>A variant of the CACNAIA gene probably underlay the early infantile epileptic encephalopathy 42 in the proband, which has a de novo origin.


The presence of cardiovasculary risk factors in childhood and adolescence is beginning to attract a growing interest in the medical world and in research. Obesity plays an important role in the increased prevalence of its comorbid conditions. One of these, the metabolic syndrome (MS), includes a cluster of risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), including insulin resistance, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. MS appeared at an early age will surely have repercusions in adulthood. The early detection of MS and its major complications – early atherosclerosis – would allow prophylactic interventions that aim to decrease the precocious morbidity and mortality due to atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, to be as efficient as possible and targeted on the issue of interest.


Correlation analysis was performed between data about appearance of central infected plants,prosperous beginning stage,occurrence degree for sunflower Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in hetao irrigation district from 2000 to 2009 and meteorological data in corresponding period.And corresponding predictive equations were established.The results showed that,precipitation was the key factor for the occurrence of sunflower Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.And temperature,humidity,evaporation,gale days,sunshine duration also had significant impacts on the occurrence time and degree of the disease.Six forecast models for November and May of next year were established through the 0.05 level of significance test in use of stepwise regression,and historical materials fit better.There were small difference between the predicted value and the actual value by forecasting for 2010 and 2011,as a result,the forecast models could be put into operation.


Wilhelmina is eight years old. She loves baseball, lives with her Grandmother, and has AIDS. In this story, Willy talks about her illness, exhibiting great courage as she learns to cope with symptoms and the side effects of treatment, to endure classroom taunts, and to find fun and friendship.


The RNA virus of the Flaviviridae family, which causes the acute viral sickness known as dengue, is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Asymptomatic fever to terrifying consequences including hemorrhagic fever and shock may be the presenting symptoms. The most typical symptoms include acute-onset high fever, muscle and joint pain, myalgia, cutaneous rash, hemorrhagic episodes, and circulatory shock. Even though oral symptoms are rarely the main presenting symptom of dengue infection, this can happen in some situations. To reduce mortality, an early and precise diagnosis is essential. Despite the fact that dengue virus infections are normally self-limiting, dengue infection has become a public health concern in tropical and subtropical regions. Infections with the dengue virus, their various clinical symptoms, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and prevention are the important concern of this paper.


There is a growing concern in the software industries to ensure that systems have usable interfaces, and it is common for the professional designer to be responsible for pursuing this goal. Given the different design processes available in the literature and the different background of professionals, in this paper we seek to understand how the adoption and definition of the design process occurs in the Brazilian software industry. At first, we carried out an online survey, seeking information about professional experiences and the application of design processes. We selected ten survey respondents to be interviewed. We obtained 73 responses with the survey, from which 78% apply a design process, with Design Thinking being the most cited. By conducting the interviews, we found that the processes applied are usually defined according to the project type, while professionals who do not apply processes report a lack of appreciation of the designer's work by the team. The results highlight differences in how each company proceeds about its performance in the design sector. Overall, our results suggest that design processes bring a substantial positive impact to the projects they are applied to.


Abstract Municipal waste is a major problem that has to be faced in almost all cities in Indonesia, which is  until now still finding a good solution . Every day people always produce waste that approximately of 1-2 kg / person / day. The problem arises because in the area of the city today is difficult to find ideal landfills. Waste generated by society generally is too large of amount or volume when compared with the capacity of temporary landfills or in the landfills. For Local Government in some areas trying to find a good solution for waste management in their region is an important thing to do right now. One is to manage waste with the foreign company in the future this is expected to support the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) in reducing gas emissions . CDM has been designed to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is designed to contribute to the sustainable development priorities of developing countries, as well as to assist the government and the private sector to achieve the greenhouse gas reduction targets them with a cost-effective manner. The host country set of sustainable development criteria include consideration of economic, social, and environment for CDM project approval. Key words : Mekanisme Pembangunan Bersih, sampah, Kyoto protocol


This article discusses the implementation of energy saving light bulbs in Denmark. It argues that such new climate technologies are part of an increasingly politicization of 'atmosphere' by linking the environmental imperative to decelerate impact on the earth's atmosphere with the everyday experiences of space through changes in visual expression. The article shows how enmity against new lighting technologies in Denmark is based on cultural notions and preferences towards shaping 'cosy spaces', and thereby offers insight into the social life of light. By focusing on the poor lighting quality of the energy saving light bulbs, the article shows how atmospheres are shaped by, and sometimes in contrast to, political ambitions. Cet article traite de l'introduction des ampoules à économie d'énergie au Danemark. La promotion de technologies climatiques de ce type fait partie d'un processus de politisation des « atmosphères » qui conjugue l'impératif environnemental de réduire l'impact que nous avons sur notre planète avec nos expériences quotidiennes de l'espace, par le biais d'une modification Luminous atmospheres Ambiances , Varia 11


Studies on the impact of emotions on learning have focused primarily on using and understanding emotions close to joy and happiness to improve human experiences. However, little is said about apparently emotions, such as disgust, anger, sadness and fear and their uses and benefits within the academic teaching environment. In this study, we used a chatbot as a companion to give feedback that would evoke negative emotions. The study produced promising results for enhancing learning processes using negative emotions.


Power units using Low Energy Reactions (LENRs) are under study as a radical new approach to power units that could potentially replace nuclear and chemical power sources for a number of space applications. These cells employ thin metallic films (order of 500 A, using variously Ni, Pd and Ti) as cathodes with various electrolytes such as 0.5–1 molar lithium sulfate in light water. Power densities exceeding 10 W/cm3 in the thin-films have been achieved. An ultimate goal is to incorporate this thin-film technology into a "tightly packed" cell design where the film material occupies ∼20% of the total cell volume. If this is achieved, overall power densities of ∼20 W/cm3 appear feasible, opening the way to a number of potential applications ranging from distributed power units in spacecraft to advanced propulsion.


This paper presents a method to calculate the capacity, efficiency and measurement update cycle in Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems when these systems using token passing bus protocol as a mac protocol  in medium access control sub layer. After driving the proper formula for parameters the simulations results will be discussed and compared with those results in polling protocol. Finally according to the most important criteria a suitable cost function for optimal operation of such system will be derived and with the results of minimizing this cost function an optimum number of remote in specific condition and parameter are obtained. These calculations will lead remotes to communicate with MTU without violating the channel efficiency and also in minimum cost.


The effect of disalignment due to electron collisions on the determination of electric fields in laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) polarization spectroscopy was studied. The aligned He I n1D (n=3,4) atoms were produced by laser excitation of 21S state through electric quadrupole transition in Penning discharge plasma. The polarization components of the subsequent LIF (n1D→21P) were observed as a function of electron density in the range from 2×1010 to 2×1012 cm-3. From the dependences of disalignment rates for 31D and 41D states on electron density, their rate coefficients were estimated to be (1.5±0.3)×10-5 and (4.7±1.2)×10-5 cm3/s, respectively. Critical disalignment rates, where the polarization of LIF disappeared, were also estimated using a rate-equation model taking into account the disalignment effect. On the basis of experimental rate coefficients and critical disalignment rates, we deduced the limitation of measurable electric field for electron density in LIF polarization spectroscopy.


Cyber challenges faced by organizations today involve malicious inside actors, often labeled insider threats (ITs). These present a difficult challenge in that the most well-designed cybersecurity apparatus is vulnerable to those inside the organization who have privileged access to information systems. Innovative methods must be developed to help security analysts narrow the large pool of potential ITs in large organizations to a more manageable number. The purpose of this article is to develop and validate eye-tracking metrics that are diagnostic of IT behavior. Key stimuli, or called active indicator probes, were embedded into a simulated workflow to elicit diagnostic eye-tracking responses. Two environments were simulated: financial and intelligence analysis. We evaluated participants performing as regular workers relative to ITs to identify metrics that distinguished between the two groups. Detection of illicit eye gaze behavior while using chat programs was possible when conversations with accomplices occurred in a separate chat window from normal permissible chat conversations. Validation of results in real work environments is necessary for practical application. However, if the approach proves to translate successfully, automated monitoring of eye-tracking responses may augment existing insider detection methods, within frameworks for best practices in organizational security and cyber defense.