A 06-month-old infant, born from a non-consanguineous marriage, with no notable pathological history, who consults for an asymptomatic nodular lesion of 1cm in diameter at the level of the orange-yellow vertex appeared since the age of 4 months, gradually increasing in size.


Multiple spiral and non‐spiral cylindrical coprolites with profuse bone inclusions were recovered from a metoposaurid‐dominated bonebed in the Upper Triassic Tiki Formation of India. The spiral coprolites are assigned to two new ichnotaxa based on amphipolar and heteropolar micropolar coilings. The non‐spiral coprolites are internally devoid of any spiral structure, mostly cylindrical, except for a few, which are ellipsoidal. All of these coprolites contain randomly scattered inclusions of partly digested and undigested skeletal fragments. Based on external and internal morphology, and the type of inclusions, the probable producers of these coprolites are considered to have been carnivorous and/or piscivorous, and included different types of chondrichthyans, dipnoans and actinopterygians, as well as various semiaquatic and terrestrial tetrapods. A web‐like interconnectedness is evident, which highlights dynamic and highly diverse animal communities inhabiting the terrestrial, semiaquatic and aquatic realms and dissolution of the inter‐realm boundaries in the Upper Triassic Tiki palaeoecosystem.


Aldor is a programming language designed for implementing symbolic computation algorithms. On the one hand, it allows to encode mathematical structures and algorithms in a natural way, exhibiting their essence and hiding various lower-level programming issues. On the other hand, the Aldor compiler allows to use machine resources much more efficiently than computer algebra systems. The efficiency of implementation of most symbolic methods significantly depends on the efficiency of basic arithmetic operations. The latter include computations with fixed size integers, residue classes modulo an integer, arbitrary precision integers, single and double floating point numbers, and arbitrary precision floating point numbers. We will discuss a new implementation of arithmetic types in Aldor, which combines and extends two existing Aldor libraries, AxlLib and LibAldor. In this implementation, we refine the hierarchy of arithmetic types in an attempt to reflect structural relationships between them more naturally. We also solve the issue of compatibility with multiple platforms, on which the machine arithmetic types may have different sizes. In particular, we develop a general framework for doubling the size of a given machine integer type or restricting it to an integer of smaller size (including a new algorithm for dividing double integers). We show how the Aldor optimizer translates this generic object-oriented code into highly efficient machine code by in-lining small subroutines and unfolding records. This work is part of a larger project on unifying existing Aldor libraries and providing one efficient general-purpose library for implementing computer algebra algorithms. The current best practical algorithms for the numerical evaluation of hypergeometric constants such as ζ(3) to d decimal digits have time complexity O M (d) log 2 d and space complexity of O(d log d) or O(d). Following work from Cheng, Gergel, Kim and Zima, we present a new algorithm with the same asymptotic complexity, but more efficient in practice. Our implementation of this algorithm improves over existing programs for the computation of π, and we announce a new record of 2 billion digits for ζ(3). Cellular Automata is a discrete dynamical model providing an excellent platform for performing behaviour of complex systems with the help of only local information. In this talk I will present a cellular automata model for describing the dynamics of urban transformations such as spread of infectious disease and crime. In particular I will show implementation of some cellular automata models on Maple.


ABSTRACT Changes in quality parameters including pH, water activity, texture, and lipid oxidation were studied in pasteurized chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) ikura samples packaged using two films with different oxygen transmission rates (OTR) (40 and 62 cm3·m−2·day−1; F-40 and F-62), during 60 days storage at 4°C. No significant differences in pH and water activity (aw) were observed between ikura packaged using two different films with different OTR (P > 0.05). However, compared to the first day of study, water activity decreased significantly in ikura (P < 0.05). Ikura thiobarbituric reactive substance (TBARS) in the pouches significantly increased during the storage at 4°C (P < 0.05). Both pouches showed similar trends in TBARS until day 29, while after day 29, ikura packaged in F-62 (OTR = 62 cm3·m−2·day−1) showed a significant increase in TBARS compared to F-40 with less OTR (P < 0.05). The texture of ikura became softer compared to the first day; however, no significant difference was observed between the ikura samples in two pouches (P < 0.05). The quality changes of ikura measured during storage indicate that packaging ikura in a lower OTR film would provide greater quality retention than one with higher OTR.


Aim: It aims to provide an easy and efficient method of recording dentulous impressions by adjusting a single tray for various mouth sizes. Settings and Design/Methods and Material: Sectioning the maxillary and mandibular tray each in three parts and attaching 3 screws (regular stainless-steel wood screws were used) in the upper and 2 screws in the lower tray was done A demonstration model for the same has been constructed with nickel-titanium screws. The objective of writing the article is to propose the idea and demonstrate the functioning of the tray. Results: The trays were sectioned, screwing and unscrewing was done (with-Taparia flat tip mini head screw driver 10.0 x 1.2 mm) and change in tray size from number 1 to 4 and vice-versa was observed. Matrix bands were placed on the sides to provide stability to the tray and to prevent movement of the sectioned parts while in use. Conclusion: The expandable tray is an easy and effective method of recording impressions. It can be easily modified according to the clinical scenario saving on valuable clinical time and effort.


ABSTRACT The preparation of colloidal gold is a subject of practical interest in many technological fields. It is generally accomplished by reduction of HAuCl4 solution with sodium citrate which is known to be influenced by several factors such as temperature and reactants concentration. In the course of the present investigation, the rate of addition of sodium citrate was observed to play a very important role on the particle size distribution. This aspect has not, to our knowledge, been investigated and reported previously. The studies undertaken including UV/visible absorption spectrophotometry, light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the higher the rate of addition of sodium citrate, the smaller is the mean particle size and the narrower is the diameter of the gold particles produced.


ABSTRACT Studies on the heavy metal concentrations on spider webs in relation to the pathways of pollution penetration (external and internal) have yet to be performed. This work assesses the concentration levels of two heavy metals: essential copper (Cu) and toxic lead (Pb) in spider webs and spiders (females, males and juveniles). Spiders divided into three treatment groups were exposed to the heavy metals in their diet as prey (fruit flies and mealworms larvae) were artificially contaminated with Cu and Pb. In general, we found higher rates of Cu compared to Pb concentrations in spiders and their webs. A positive correlation between levels of Cu and Pb in webs and spiders was found. Males had higher concentrations of both metals Cu and Pb in their bodies and webs compared to females. In an additional experiment, washed webs had significantly less metals than unwashed suggesting the dominance of external pollution in the contamination pathway.


This article illustrates the three criteria underpinning the creation of a Transnational Italian Studies major at UCSB in 2020: translation, imaginary, and nation-ness.


In this work, molybdenum and tungsten-implanted wafers are analyzed by an innovative technique based upon photoluminescence measurements, with the aim to assess the ability of this technique to detect metal contamination in the near-surface region. Surface Photovoltage (SPV) measurements of carrier diffusion length are compared to the results of photoluminescence measurements. It is shown that molybdenum and tungsten contamination are easily detected by photoluminescence intensity measurements down to about 10 10 cm − 2 contaminant dose. Vice versa, SPV has limited sensitivity to these elements ( ≥ 5 · 10 10 cm − 2 ), because of their low diffusivity. Therefore, photoluminescence intensity measurement can be a valid alternative to conventional carrier diffusion length measurements for monitoring slow diffuser contamination.


In the collective memories of the Lower Amazon maroons, the decades after emancipation are remembered as a period when "the people were oppressed" by Brazil nut merchants, who "enslaved" the blacks of the region. However, a number of individuals also relate memories of merchants who "helped the people," who "gave goods for the saint patron's parties," and who acted, in the words of a Trombetas River maroon descendant, as "fathers of the people." To reconcile these perspectives I argue in this chapter that these conflicting stories reflect two spheres in the relationships between black peasants and Brazil nut merchants. While the first one was characterized by domination, a few individuals successfully accommodated to, and even collaborated with, the newly arrived commercial houses. In both spheres, Afro-descendant forest specialists and explorers were fundamental to the merchants' penetration into a world where the mocambeiros had hitherto ruled. In the end, the loss of autonomy and quality of life in the 1910s and 1920s shaped the maroon descendants' social memory for the rest of the twentieth century, filling it with narratives of poverty, dispossession, and the speech figure of the "new slavery."


The features of the absorbed depth-dose distribution (DDD) on boundaries of two contacting materials and material with air irradiated by an electron beam (EB) were predicted by simulation with the software ModeRTL (Modeling of the radiation-technological lines). Validation of DDD prediction with dosimetry was fulfilled on the industrial radiation-technological line (RTL) with linear electron accelerator LAE 13/9 at the INCT, Warsaw. Simulation and measurement of boundary effects of DDD were carried out for targets irradiated by scanned EB with energy 10 MeV on moving conveyer. The physical regularities for DDD on the boundary of contacting materials predicted by simulation methods were experimentally confirmed.


This paper mainly explores parallel interference cancellation and decoding (PIC/decoding) algorithm for convolutionally coded DS-CDMA systems. A new joint PIC/decoding scheme is proposed and analylized, respectively. The proposed scheme is numerically simulated, and compared with other PIC/decoding algorithm over Rayleigh fading channel. From the simulations, the main conclusion can be drawn as : (1) like conventional PIC and decoding algorithms, the proposed algorithms exhibit better performance with the increase in the number of the interference cancellation (IC) stages, but up to three IC stages, the performance improvement is getting less obvious; (2) the proposed joint PIC/decoding acquires the performance close to the ideal joint PIC/decoding if the tentative decisions of coded symbols are linearly estimated by the sum of initial a priori log-likelihood rate (LLR) and updated a priori LLR, while a significant performance degradation will evitably occur if the tentative decisions of coded symbols are linearly computed by the updated a priori LLR only. We also compare the proposed PIC/decoding with matched-filter (MF) receiver and conventional PIC/decoding algorithms, respectively. It is shown that the proposed joint PIC/decoding dominantly outperforms the MF receiver and conventional PIC/decodings in performance. Keywords-DS-CDMA; interference cancellation; decoding; loglikelihood rate(LLR); simulation


Purpose
With the development of emerging engineering technology and industrialization, there are greater changes in the life style of people in smart urban cities; therefore, there is also more chance of various health problems in urban areas. The life style of persons in metro urban areas with the expansive volume of population is similarly influenced by different application and administration frameworks. These are affecting the human health system up to an extended extent and there are more health-related issues and health hazard concerns that can be identified in urban areas. The purpose of this paper is to present an analytical study on various aspects of the smart health care system in a smart perspective by analyzing them with respect to emerging engineering technologies such as mobile network, cloud computing, Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics and ubiquitous computing. This paper also carries out a detailed survey of health issues and improved solutions in automated systems using these technologies. Second, the paper also presents a novel health care system using smart and safe ambulances and their appropriate control at traffic points with safety and security features in a smart city, so that the valuable life of patients can be saved in time by immediate treatment in nearest hospital or health care units.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, an analytical survey was conducted for improvement in the health care sector using computer technology and IoT-based various modern health care applications. An idea of Smart Health Care Hospital using sensors, mobile agent smart vehicle configuration and safety traffic control for ambulance was proposed.

Findings
A simulation was carried out to see the performance of a safety mechanism in the proposed approach. Comparative analysis was carried out with other approaches to know the execution time, response time and probable delay due to the implementation of this approach.

Originality/value
It is an original research work with motivation inspired from current emergent technology to apply in the health care system.


Levels of total mercury in the muscle (29 samples) and liver tissue (15 samples) of bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) weighing 100-300 kg were determined by cold vapour atomic absorption (AA) spectroscopy. Tunas were previously captured in the waters of Malta, towed to the farm in the Adriatic Sea and fattened with defrosted herring and sardine for the period of 6 to 7 months. The purpose of the investigation was to determine the magnitude of mercury contamination and to ascertain whether the concentrations in muscle tissue exceeded the maximum level defined by the European Commission Decision (1 μ g/g wet weight). Total mercury concentrations in the muscle tissue of tunas ranged from 0.49 to 1.809 (median 0.899 μ g/g wet weight) while in the liver tissue it was from 0.324 to 3.248 (median 1.165 μ g/g wet weight). Total mercury concentrations in six samples of sardine ranged from 0.050 to 0.072 μ g/g wet weight while two samples of herring contained 0.020 and 0.053 μ g/g wet weight. Twelve out of 29 (41%) muscle samples of tuna contained mercury above the maximum level defined by the European Commission Decision. It is generally believed that mercury levels in Mediterranean fish are higher than those of the other seas or oceans due to numerous deposits of mercury ores and metallic mercury in surrounding countries.


Some Bayesians have suggested that beliefs based on ambiguous or incomplete evidence are best represented by families of probability functions. I spend the first half of this essay outlining one version of this imprecise model of belief, and spend the second half defending the model against recent objections, raised by Roger White and others, which concern the phenomenon of probabilistic dilation. Dilation occurs when learning some definite fact forces a person"s beliefs about an event to shift from a sharp, point-valued subjective probability to an imprecise spread of probabilities. Some commentators find dilation disturbing, both from an epistemic and a decision-theoretic perspective, and place the blame on the use of sets of probabilities to model opinion. These reactions are based on an overly narrow conception of imprecise belief states, which assumes that we know everything there is to know about a person"s doxastic attitudes once we have identified the spreads of values for her imprecise credences. Once we recognize that the imprecise model has the resources to characterize a much richer family of doxastic attitudes than this, we will see that White"s charges of epistemological and decision theoretic incoherence are unfounded.


Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe and explore the experiences of women who have lost a child and the degree of posttraumatic growth revealed by the experiences. Study Design and Method: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted with interviews of mothers and grandmothers of children who died using the posttraumatic growth framework. Findings: Participants included 11 mothers and 2 grandmothers. The posttraumatic growth framework was useful in examining their experiences. Seven themes were identified through data analysis: When my child died, I lost part of myself; Anticipated loss versus unanticipated loss; Picking up the pieces of my life; Support, kindness, and compassion helped; Moving on while still broken; Never forgotten, always in my heart; and Holding my loved ones close. Clinical Implications: Nurses are in strategic positions to help women who have experienced the loss of a child by building rapport, establishing trust, and demonstrating empathy. Using posttraumatic growth as a framework, researchers in this qualitative study of 11 women who experienced the death of a child or grandchild, identified seven common themes. The women were forever changed by the death of the child and appreciated compassion and support from health care professionals, friends, and family members. These data highlight the uniqueness of every loss and the needs of each person experiencing the loss. Findings emphasize the importance of listening to women and being receptive to posttraumatic growth.


A phylogenetic analysis of morphological characters shows that the scincid lizard genus Eumeces Wiegmann, 1834 is paraphyletic. East Asian and New World Eumeces form a clade referred to as the Pariocela section. A petition filed with the ICZN designates Lacerta fasciata Linnaeus 1758 as the type species of Eumeces , and, therefore, the Pariocela section retains the name Eumeces . Members of the schneiderii and taeniolatus species groups are more closely related to the genera Scincopus Peters and Scincus Laurenti than to other Eumeces . The taeniolatus species group is the sister group to the schneiderii species group plus Scincopus and Scincus , and requires generic status. Eurylepis Blyth, 1854 is the oldest available name for the taeniolatus group, and the schneiderii group is placed in a new genus. The three species of the Middle American schwartzei species group form a clade that cannot be associated with any other group of Eumeces and, therefore, they are also placed in a new genus.


Acerola is characterised by a high vitamin C content, which is many times higher than that of other fruits that are considered good sources of this vitamin, such as guava, cashew apple, orange or lemon. In this research, we focus on investigation the favourable conditions for acerola fermentation. We draw out conclusion the best enzyme ratio 0.15%, incubate at 450C at 1.5h; proliferation at 24 hours; water addition 20%; yeast ratio 9%; sugar supplementation 10% so that the dry matter 210 Bx; fermentation during 7 days.


Precision irrigation is the technology to use different amount of water in different farm plots for irrigation according to the uneven distribution of soil moisture.The prescription map is needed when precision irrigation is carried out,and the soil moisture of different plots before irrigation is the most important basis to build a prescription map,for the same measurement tools,the different distribution of sampling points and interpolation scales will make the prescription map different.This study focused on some different distributions of sampling points and interpolation scales,discussed the results under each situation,and made an analysis of the effects of different factors on prescription map.


This research is a study of the recognition of civil rights related to human values around tolerance, social solidarity, freedom, and responsibility. The purpose of this study is to find out how the perception of recognition of students' civil rights in DKI Jakarta. The research approach used in this study is quantitative. This study used a questionnaire data collection technique with a Likert scale model. The data analysis technique used in this study is a descriptive statistical analysis technique through percentage calculations. The results of this study show that the civil rights of students in the school environment have been recognized or upheld through the policies of educational institutions and in academic activities carried out in the school environment.


A mode which is for purpose of discription knowledge also method of formalization, these various ontology profile are commonly used for representing most of user profiles in a manner of personalization form of web gathering information. Representing these profiles of various user's, most of these models shares their knowledge only from a global knowledge base which also called as local information of a user. In a paper, personalized ontology model gives information about for knowledge representation and various reasons for profiles of user. Ontology model gain knowledge of ontological profiles of a user from world knowledge base as well as local instance repositories of a user. This ontology model is also developed by differentiating to other models so in this way trec model, category model also a web model. In this way the results shows or gives the information to us that how this ontology model is successful than these benchmark models.


In an open multicenter practice study the clinical efficacy and safety of the selective, peripheral H 1 -receptor antagonist levocetirizine was studied systematically in 17,638 patients with allergic diseases of the airways and skin. The mean age of the patients was 38.1 ′ 16.0 years. 14,319 patients suffered from allergic diseases of the respiratory airways, 4,704 from allergic diseases ofthe skin. During a mean observation period of 32 days the patients received 5 mg levocetirizine daily (1 film-coated tablet Xusal ® ).The changes of clinical symptoms were documented at the beginning and end of the therapy. Optional an interim examination could be performed. The efficacy of levocetirizine was assessed according to the severity of the nasal symptoms pruritus, rhinorrhea, sneezing, obstruction, and if applicable of asthmoid symptoms and ocular complaints. Skin symptoms like pruritus, wheal, flare and eczema were recorded. At the end of the treatment period a total symptom relief or clear improvement for allergic symptoms of the airways, eyes and skin was achieved on average in 80 - 90% of the patients. The global efficacy of levocetirizine was assessed with "very good" to "good" in 86.9% of all cases. In 82.8% of the patients a fast onset of action occurred within 60 minutes. In 95.5% of all cases the safety of levocetirizine was assessed with "very good" to "good". During the practice study 407 adverse events occurred in 299(1.7%) of 17,638 patients in all. Out of these adverse events 369 were assessed as adverse drug reaction with mild to moderate impairment only. The remaining 38 reports showed no causal relationship with levocetirizine. 7 events were classified as serious but without possible causal relationship to levocetirizine. On the basis of this data from a large number of patients we state that 5 mg levocetirizine daily provides fast and powerful relief of symptoms in patients with allergic diseases of airways and skin with good tolerability at the same time.


But what am I to say of the Bunya-Bunya brush? About this majestic tree whose trunk looks like a pillar supporting the vault of Heaven?


1 HIS PAPER is a report of 3 studies done in the perception laboratory at the East Orange Veterans Administration Hospital as part of a long-term study of the relation-^ ship between certain aspects of perception and psychopathology. The focus of interest was in studying perceptual differences between somatizing and nonsomatizing neuropsychiatric patients and in developing predictive criteria based on any differences uncovered. Somatization can be variously defined. At first, as in Study A below, the diagnosis available in the patient's medical record was used. This definition was in terms of medically detectable symptoms. In studies B and C, the patient's expression of the complaints, which he percieved to have made his current hospitalization necessary was used as the criterion of somatization. In Study C a comparison was made between the results obtained using these 2 methods of categorization. However, each categorization was done independently and without knowledge of the patient's classification by the other method. The perceptual tasks used are part of the "Perceptual Flexibility Battery" and con-


Both mitochondrial and nuclear markers support a large-scale population structure of four main groups within L. neilli and a strong finer structure within each of these groups. A deep genealogical divergence among geographically close lineages is observed and denotes a high population fragmentation. Our findings suggest that the current phylogeographic pattern of this species results from the fragmentation of a widespread ancestral population and that vicariance has played a significant role in the evolutionary history of L. neilli during PlioPleistocene.


On heating tosylates of ethyl 2-alkyl-2-methyl-3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate (R=Me, 1b; R=Et, 6) in o-dichlorobenzene at 170 °C, ethyl 1-methyl-2-phenyl- and 1,2-dimethyl-3-phenylcyclopropanecarboxylates, 3, and 8, were formed in both 5% yield, respectively, whereas the alkyl migration products, ethyl 3-alkyl-2-methyl-3-phenylpropenoates, were not produced. The mode of the reaction of the methyl group with the cationic carbon was described.


A quantitative analysis of multiphase diffusion in Cu‐Zn diffusion couple is presented. The analysis is based in using the concentration profiles provided by electron micro‐beam analyzer. From the dependence of the square of phase thickness from annealing time, the growth constant for each phase in each annealing temperature can be calculated. Knowing the growth constant of γ and e phases one can calculate the activation energy and the diffusion coefficient of the above mentioned intermetallic phases.


Improved node and network trust levels in wireless networks assist the network to have better security and quality of service (QoS) performance. Security performance is measured in terms of number of attacks detected and mitigated by the network, while QoS performance is measured in terms of end-to-end delay, communication throughput, energy requirement, and packet delivery ratio metrics. In order have good trust levels in the network, a wide variety of methods, including reputation evaluation, historical analysis, temporal network, and node analysis, are proposed by network researchers. Implementation of these algorithms increases computational complexity of the network, thereby increasing end-to-end delay during communication. During routing, repeated calculations of trust in the network further increases number of computational steps required for route selection. These added calculations improve network security but reduce overall QoS at node and network level. Moreover, if these calculations are simplified for reducing computational complexity, then QoS improves but network security is compromised. In order to maintain a high network QoS with sufficient level of security, this paper proposes a novel blockchain powered routing model that uses Dempster Shaffer (DS) route optimization. The model utilizes node-to-node distance, energy efficacy, and temporal packet forwarding capabilities in order to select the most efficient routing strategy. This strategy is combined with a proof-of-work (PoW) based blockchain solution that allows the network to have high trust levels. Due to decentralized processing, the network is able to have good QoS levels along with high security.


Summary Two white wine extracts rich in phenolic acids, caffeic acid and gallic acid were tested as inhibitors of the decrease of linalool in Muscat wine. Each wine extract was added at 60 ppm and each phenolic acid at 40 ppm. Immediately after the addition of each wine extract or phenolic acid, no effect on the concentration of linalool was observed, but it decreased from the initial 470.9 to 223.3 µg/L after storage in open bottles at 20 °C for 4 days. Its decrease was significantly inhibited by each wine extract or phenolic acid.


P roper mixing increases detention time by adding a vertical plugflow element to the flow of water through a chlorine contact tank. The increased detention time allows a plant operator to use a higher baffling factor used in contact time (CT) calculations, thus reducing the concentration of chlorine needed to meet CT treatment requirements. Using less chlorine, in turn, reduces production of disinfection by-products (DBPs) such as trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). Therefore, mixing a contact tank can be a low-cost way to achieve DBP compliance. Chlorine contact tanks ensure disinfection effectiveness and compliance with the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Surface Water Treatment Rule for preventing waterborne diseases caused by cysts and viruses. Although chlorine's effectiveness partly depends on water temperature and pH, it primarily depends on the amount of time free chlorine is in contact with the water. Each state establishes a minimum chlorine contact time for various water sources, which results in a treatment parameter based on concentration × contact time, commonly referred to as the CT requirement.


Body condition is an important trait in dairy cow management, usually measured with the body condition
score (BCS), which is subjective, and not very sensitive. The aim of this work was to develop and to validate
a method, NEC3D, estimating BCS with 3D pictures of dairy cows back, from the pins to the hooks, which
is commonly used as reference area in the BCS scoring systems. A 57 cows 3D-shapes dataset with large
BCS variability (0.5 to 4.75 on a 0-5 scale), transformed with a principal component analysis, was built
for calibration. The principal components were performed on BCS with multiple linear regressions. Four
anatomical points had to be identi?ed manually to normalise the pictures. Influence of two different ways
of points' identification and of the picture resolution on method quality was analysed. External validation
was evaluated on two additional datasets: one with cows used for calibration, but with a different stage in
milking (valididem) and one with cows not used for calibration (validdiff). To fully qualify the method,
the reproducibility was estimated with 6 cows using 8 3D-shapes of each cow obtained the same day. Both
ways of points' identification had quite good results in terms of calibration (R2=1) and differed slightly on
validation quality (RMSE=0.34 vs 0.32 for validdiff). Nec3d was 2.8 times more reproducible than usual
BCS (σ=0.1 vs 0.28). The lowest resolution implied a loss of reproducibility, but did not increase the error
of prediction. A simplified acquisition system, implying low resolution, could therefore be developed. The
error of prediction was similar for valididem and validdiff, indicating that the NEC3D is not less efficient
for cows not used in the calibration set. Assessing body condition thanks to 3D shapes appears to be a
promising tool which can improve phenotyping of this trait.


The written, reasoned award has been an important and far-reaching innovation of the Society of Maritime Arbitrators. These awards provide a body of decisions available for reference and for the guidance of those involved in disputes. The author explains the value of the findings in dissent that, in the event of a majority decision, accompany the reasoned awards. These dissents have become increasingly frequent in the New York area and, in the opinion of the author, help guarantee that arbitration in New York will remain impeccably honest.


Previous studies aimed at determining hedging strategies commonly used daily closing spot and futures prices for the analysis and strategy building. However, the daily closing price might not be the appropriate for price in some or all trading days. This is because the intraday data at various minute intervals, in our view, are likely to better reflect the information about the concrete behavior of the market returns and reactions of the market participants. Therefore, in this study, we propose using high-frequency data along with daily data in an attempt to determine hedging strategies, using five major international currencies against the American dollar. Specifically, in our study we used the 5-min, 30-min, 60-min, and daily closing prices of the USD/CAD (Canadian Dollar), USD/CNY (Chinese Yuan), USD/EUR (Euro), USD/GBP (British Pound), and USD/JPY (Japanese Yen) pairs over the 2018–2019 period. Using data at 5-min, 30-min, and 60-min intervals or high-frequency data, however, means the use of a relatively large number of observations for information extractions in general and econometric model estimations, making data processing and analysis a rather time-consuming and complicated task. To deal with such drawbacks, this study collected the high-frequency data in the form of a histogram and selected the representative daily price, which does not have to be the daily closing value. Then, these histogram-valued data are used for investigating the linear and nonlinear relationships and the volatility of the interested variables by various single- and two-regime bivariate GARCH models. Our results indicate that the Markov Switching Dynamic Copula-Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model performs the best with the lowest BIC and gives the highest overall value of hedging effectiveness (HE) compared with the other models considered in the present endeavor. Consequently, we can conclude that the foreign exchange market for both spot and futures trading has a nonlinear structure. Furthermore, based on the HE results, the best derivatives instrument is CAD using one-day frequency data, while GBP using 30-min frequency data is the best considering the highest hedge ratio. We note that the derivative with the highest hedging effectiveness might not be the one with the highest hedge ratio.


The compaction behavior and adhesive properties of original and surface-modified quartz powders were examined under various conditions of relative humidity. Adhesive force at a contact point (H) decreased with the progress of surface modification in the whole region of the relative humidity. H falls at small water contents and shows a minimum when the amount of adsorbed water is close to that required to monolayer complection (Vm). The patterns of the porosity of powder bed (s) in a centrifugal field as a function of adsorbed water showed a striking resemblance to those for the adhesion force at a contact point. Finally, the relationship among H, s and the average force acting on a particle (F) was examined. A fairly good correlation was observed between log (s-0.26) and log (H/F), regardless of the degree of surface modification.


Article history: Received January 16, 2017 Received in revised format: May 22, 2017 Accepted July 23, 2017 Available online July 25, 2017 This paper deals with a pricing and production-distribution model for a deteriorating item in a two-echelon supply chain. The profit function for the manufacturer and retailer in the integrated supply chain is derived. The manufacturer's production batch size is regulated to an integer multiple of the discrete delivery lot quantity to the retailer. The objective is to maximize the total profit per unit time by finding the optimal selling price, production lot size, total cycle time, number of deliveries, and delivery lot size, simultaneously. Based on the notion of optimal interval, we outline an effective algorithm for finding the optimal solution. Finally, the authors present a numerical example to illustrate the theoretical results of the model. Sensitivity analysis for the optimal solution with respect to major parameters is also carried out. The results show that, when the deterioration rate increases, both the optimal production lot size and cycle time decrease. It is interesting to note that an increase in the deterioration rate also tends to reduce the delivery lot size without affecting the number of deliveries per production batch. Also, the optimal interval for N does not change when deterioration rate changes. Reductions in the inventory cycle times for both parties demonstrate the negative effects of deterioration on the supply chain. Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved. 8 © 201


The starting up and steady-state operation performance of positon sensorless permanent magnet gyro motor is determined by the conrol strategy of servo control system.Base on DSP chip(ADMC300) as centre control chip,the article discussed in detail about EKF,which is used in the starting up and steady-state operation method of positon sensorless two phase permanent magnet gyro motor used in gyro-stabilized platform in aerospace and about the related software and hardware design.The experiment result verified that EKF can make the motor starting up quiker and achieve more rotor position signals compared to what the traditional control method using Back-EMF to achieve phase convertion can.


The occurrence of a TIA identifies that patient as being at increased risk not only for cerebral but also for myocardial infarction and premature cardiac death. We have reported the results of our longitudinal study of 225 patients with TIA (1). We have now followed some members of this cohort for 20 years and have lost only two individuals to follow-up. At the time of their entry, 55% had clinical evidence of ischemic heart disease. As of 1981, 66 (73%) of deaths had occurred from myocardial infarction but only 25 (11%) from stroke. This excess cardiac risk for TIA patients was first identified by our stroke registry group, and has since been confirmed by many others (2-7). We have compared this first cohort accessed from 1962 to 1971 with a second entered after 1975. The decline in cardiac mortality in the second compared with the first cohort has been dramatic (8) even though our TIA population continues to have an excess of cardiac disease (Table 1). It has also become apparent that the patient himself is a marker for families at excess risk for cardiac and cerebrovascular events (Table 2) which raises the possibility that interventions should be assigned not only for the symptomatic individual, but also for family groups identified by that patient. Acting upon these findings, we have initiated an aggressive program for identification of preclinical coronary artery disease among our TIA patient population, and it is this aspect that I will emphasize today. From June 1, 1982 to October 30, 1983 we entered 110 TIA patients into our TIA registry of whom ten had previously identified cardiac disease. Results of standard EKGs performed on a sample of this population are depicted in Table 3. Graded exercise tolerance test (GXT) was performed on 58 of these remaining 100 individuals, and of them, 16 were positive, 10 equivocal, and 32 negative (9-11). Because of this large yield of previously unidentified cardiac disease in our TIA population, we have initiated a plan for aggressive management


Three different kinds of substituted chiral adamantane molecules—adamantanones, dioxolanoadamantanes and dithiolano—adamantanes—were studied in the dirhodium experiment (NMR measurement with 1:1 molar mixtures with Rh(II)2[(R)‐(+)‐MTPA]4 in CDCl3). Their different behavior in adduct formation is described, and the possibility of determining enantiomeric purities and absolute configurations is explored. Detailed inspection of one‐ and two‐dimensional NMR experiments allowed for an interpretation of steric and electronic intra‐adduct interaction showing that the phenyl groups of Rh* tend to enwrap the bound adamantane ligand so that through‐space effects over a range of 6–7 Å away from the binding rhodium atom can be observed. Even slight differences in the relative orientation of phenyl groups can be monitored when comparing diastereomeric adducts via NMR signal dispersion. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


How can knowledge acquisition, modeling, problem solving, and discovery be facilitated in domains where systems involve complex, heterogeneous, and multi-scale processes? This paper presents the conceptual developments of a research program that aims to support higher-level cognition in such demanding contexts. These process domains present a major challenge for human cognition because the related knowledge is ill-structured and spans different scientific areas that employ a wide spectrum of paradigms and models. Further, diverse notations are required to encode the knowledge. Our approach describes a problem space for performing knowledge acquisition in such domains and is set in a wider context of modeling and discovery. We have developed a framework of structured representations, methods, and heuristics, which are utilized to elicit and encode ill-structured process knowledge in a largely diagrammatic knowledge-based system, and to provide human-level interfaces for an interactive software program, designed to aid humans in the specification, inspection, and exploration of ill-structured process knowledge. Specially designed diagrams are fundamental to the approach because they provide a neutral notation to integrate many aspects of heterogeneous knowledge, whilst exploiting cognitive and representational properties that provide advantages for human understanding and reasoning. Evidence for the utility of the approach was found as a result of an initial knowledge acquisition case study in a representative industrial domain that involves combinations of physical, chemical, and biological processes.


n speed sensorless controlled induction motor drive, the rotor flux based Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) for is more popular. In MRAS, the voltage model equations are used in the reference model, which leads to poor performance of the drive at low speeds. In this paper, a new stator current based MRAS is presented. In this measured stator currents of induction motor are used as a reference model to avoid the use of a pure integrator. Estimated stator currents are used as an adjustable model. The estimation of stator currents requires the information of the rotor flux which can be obtained from the voltage or current model. This encounters instability and dc drift. To overcome these problems, flux observer is proposed based on Neural Network (NN). This offline trained multilayer feed-forward NN flux observer applied to indirect vector controlled speed sensorless induction motor drive has been verified by MATLAB/SIMULINK.


The dynamic challenges of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) farming demand a quick response from breeders to develop new cultivars, a process that can be aided by the application of molecular markers. With the goal to pyramid nematode resistance and the trait for high oleic:linoleic acid (high O:L) ratio in seeds, nematode‐resistant cultivar Tifguard was used as the recurrent female parent and high O:L cultivars Georgia‐02C and Florida‐07 were used as donor parents for the high O:L trait. 'Tifguard High O/L' was generated through three rounds of accelerated backcrossing using BCnF1 progenies selected with molecular markers for these two traits as the pollen donors. Selfed BC3F2 plants yielded marker‐homozygous individuals identified as Tifguard High O/L, compressing the hybridization and selection phases of the cultivar development process to less than 3 yr. The accuracy of marker‐assisted selection (MAS) was confirmed by phenotyping a subset of F2:3 populations from both parental combinations. Once additional molecular markers linked with traits of interest are designed to be compatible with high‐throughput screening platforms, MAS will be more widely integrated into peanut breeding programs.


Although cognitive theories of depression have postulated enhanced processing of negatively valenced information, previous EEG studies have shown both increased and reduced sensitivity for negative performance feedback in MDD. To reconcile these paradoxical findings, it has been speculated that sensitivity for negative feedback is potentiated in moderate MDD, but reduced in highly anhedonic subjects. The goal of this study was to test this hypothesis by analyzing the feedback‐related negativity (FRN), frontomedial theta power (FMT), and source‐localized anterior midcingulate cortex (aMCC) activity after negative feedback.


The "revenue rule" is a "well-settled principle of international law that one nation's courts will not enforce the tax claims of another jurisdiction".1 The US Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit has recently held, however, that using US foreign or interstate telecommunications to devise a scheme to defraud a foreign revenue authority is wire fraud under US law. In United States v. Trapilo2 the Second Circuit reversed the dismissal of indictments against alleged smugglers charged with using telephones and fax machines to effect tax-evasive importation of alcohol into Canada. Under Trapilo, which conflicts with a contrary First Circuit decision on almost identical facts, 3 the entire breadth of US wire and mail fraud precedent may apply to punish violations of foreign tax laws. Moreover, the decision substantially erodes the revenue rule.


The polymorphisms on intron2 of MSTN gene of 401 individules in five yak breed were studied by PCR-SSCP assay.The results indicated that the amplified products have polymorphism.Sequencing revealed a A→G mutation at 192 bp on intron2 of MSTN gene in yak.Three genotypes containing AA,AB and BB were all detected in these yak breeds except that no AA genotype was presented in individuals of Bazhou yak.BB genotype was dominance ones in groups of Datong,Gannan and Qinghai highland yak while AB genotype was dominance in those of Tianzhu White yak and Bazhou yak.Alleles A and B were present in every observed yak breed and the allele B was in majority.For Gannan,Tianzhu White yak and Qinghai highland yaks,they were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state,while obviously they were not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium state in Datong and Bazhou yak groups in the locus region by χ2 test analysis.The results of heredity study on five yak breeds showed that the gene heterozygosis,allelomorphic gene and polymorphism in Datong new breeds was 0.171,1.207 and 0.157,respectively.And those in Tianzhu White yak was 0.490,1.961 and 0.370,respectively.And those in Bazhou yak was lower than Tianzhu White yak.


Equations for estimation of effective population numbers from relative gamete contribution are discussed. Numbers of male and female strobili were observed in years with good, medium and poor flowering in a clonal seed orchard of Picea abies (Karst.). Genetic variation in flowering intensity was measured, and the inbreeding and variance effective population number (N e (i) and N e (v)) were calculated based on the relative flowering. The inbreeding effective population number was approximately one half of the actual number of clones (the census number) in both the year with poor and the year with abundant flowering, but three‐quarters of the census number in a year with intermediate flowering. The variance effective population number fluctuated according to the abundance of flowers. N e (v) was 37% of the census number in the year with poor flowering, but 130% in the year with abundant flowering, and close to the census number (90%) in the year with intermediate flowering.


Abstract Universities are under increasing pressure to equip graduates with a broader set of competencies, such as communication, teamwork and leadership skills, that go beyond subject-specific knowledge. This, alongside growing student numbers in higher education, creates pedagogic challenges, especially with regards to assessment design. Conventional assessment modalities, such as individual essay writing, are costly to scale up and poorly suited for the development of further desired competencies. To address these challenges in the context of a first-year economics module, we replaced a 1,000-word individual written assignment with a group video assignment, where students were required to work in small teams to create a three-minute video on a contemporary economic issue. Focus groups and module evaluation questionnaires were used to elicit students' perceptions of how the group video assessment contributed to their learning experience and skill development, how it compares with other modes of assessment, as well as suggestions for improved implementation. Our analysis generates insights on all these aspects. Students reported a preference for diversity in assessment methods, and found the video assignment to be a positive, engaging but also challenging experience, which provided the opportunity for collaboration and development of diverse skills.


This research project aimed to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic affected the news consumption habits of young Australian adults. Using focus groups as the primary research method, it found that while people did become more interested in the news early in the pandemic, this interest was only temporary. The stress associated with the pandemic and abundance of COVID-19 news caused nearly all participants in the focus groups to practice strategies of news avoidance. Interesting strategies for filtering information on social media emerged during the focus groups, highlighting the distinct 'do-it-yourself' strategies young adults independently foster for consuming the news.


In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software is used to model and simulate a smooth disk rotating in a still fluid. The primary quantity of interest is the convective heat transfer coefficient. Laminar, transition, and turbulent flow regimes are considered. To ensure that the physical characteristics of the situation are properly captured, the velocity and temperature profiles of the fluid are qualitatively and quantitatively compared to results reported in the literature. By analyzing the velocity and temperature profiles, an estimate for the proper size of the computational domain within the CFD software is obtained. If the computational domain is too small, the velocity and temperature profiles are affected; hence, the calculation of the convective heat transfer coefficient is influenced by the size of the computational domain.
 Two methods — the global rotation method (GRM) and the local rotation (or sliding) method (LRM) — are used to obtain results for the convective heat transfer coefficient. The global rotation method involves conversion of the specified angular velocity into a mass-distributed force. The local rotation method involves the creation of a secondary body that rotates. The secondary body can cause inaccuracies to appear when discretizing the domain. These inaccuracies cause the local rotation method to be less predictable than the global rotation method.
 An extensive and systematic verification and validation study of the two methods is performed with validation achieved by comparing the calculated values to published correlations and measured results. Both methods demonstrate agreement with the expected heat transfer coefficient value by maintaining a difference of less than 3% for low angular velocities. At higher angular speeds, the global rotation method maintains less than a 3% difference, once an appropriate mesh is established and the turbulent parameters are set correctly.
 Over the entire range of parameters considered, the global rotation method is best suited to model and simulate a singular disk rotating in still air. The global rotation method does not require the introduction of a secondary body and yields predictable and uniform convergence to published values as the mesh size is reduced.
 Relationships between accuracy, grid size, and computational effort are reported. Recommended laminar and turbulent parameter settings are discussed. The results of this fundamental study provide insight and guidance into the proper modeling and simulation of both low-speed and high-speed rotating machinery and equipment.


In the last decades, important advancements were made in our understanding of heart failure (HF) pathophysiology, revealing that the failing heart is characterized by defi cient energy production, alterations in ion handling and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, drugs targeting these derangements are not routinely used for HF treatment, which remains largely unsatisfactory. New promising therapeutic approaches currently tested in clinical trials are aimed at improving contractile function, restoring nitric oxide signaling, and targeting mitochondrial reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors substantially reduce HF hospitalization and cardiovascular mortality in patients with diabetes, and their pleiotropic effects on the heart and kidneys are likely benefi cial also for HF patients without diabetes. Finally, preclinical studies indicate that restoring deranged cardiac ion handling positively affects mitochondrial energetics, and therefore targeting altered sodium and calcium dynamics may represent a viable strategy for treating HF. L Heart Metab. 2018;77:13-18


The present invention relates to a dental implant (1) for supporting a coronal component, said implant (1) comprising a fixture part (5) forming an apical bone contact part of said implant, an abutment part (3) forming a coronal component support part of said implant, and an abutment screw (4), wherein said abutment part (3) is arranged to, in an assembled state of said dental implant (1), be fixed to said fixture part (5) by said abutment screw (4), and wherein a coronal end portion (9) of said abutment screw (4) is arranged to, in said assembled state, be positioned coronally of a coronal end portion of said abutment part (3). The present invention also relates to abutment structures and methods for implanting a dental implant.


The World Health Organization understands health as a state of complete physical, social, and mental well-being and not only the non-presence of illnesses. Thanks to that, health became a human being's fundamental right, a collective value; therefore, we should enjoy it individually and share it socially with everybody. This access to comprehensive health becomes difficult for people who have limitations, such as the visually impaired, who need the presence of a caregiver. These limitations are also mitigated by non-human caregivers. They dedicate themselves to the task of allowing human beings to become integrated in the society, living an autonomous life, as it is recommended by the WHO. The objective of this article is to propose a reflection on the importance of the respect regarding to the visually impaired who ally themselves to the character of the guide dog, making this topic incredibly relevant within our society. Bibliographical review was the employed methodology for 68 Feijó AGS, Sander A, Steffen J. Cuidadores não humanos: A difícil tarefa dos cães-guia. Revista Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano 2013 Nov 29; 1(2): 67-75.


In this paper, relative azimuth audio localization is investigated using two microphones and an asymmetric mask. The Helmholtz-Kirchhoff integral method is employed to obtain information on ITD (Interaural Time Differences) and IID (Interaural Intensity Differences) which are two important cues for sound localization. It is proved that the proposed system can locate a sound source with relative azimuth in nearly 360 degrees.


Despite recent advancements in tabular language model research, real-world applications are still challenging. In industry, there is an abundance of tables found in spreadsheets, but acquisition of substantial amounts of labels is expensive, since only experts can annotate the often highly technical and domain-specific tables. Active learning could potentially reduce labeling costs, however, so far there are no works related to active learning in conjunction with tabular language models. In this paper we investigate different acquisition functions in a real-world industrial tabular language model use case for sub-cell named entity recognition. Our results show that cell-level acquisition functions with built-in diversity can significantly reduce the labeling effort, while enforced table diversity is detrimental. We further see open fundamental questions concerning computational efficiency and the perspective of human annotators.


2007 marks KEI's 25th anniversary. To celebrate its 25th birthday, KEI initiated a new Academic Paper Series in December 2006, with Mr. Easley's paper being the third in the series. KEI intends to commission 9 to 10 papers per year with diverse perspectives on original subjects of current interest to Korea watchers. KEI will edit and distribute each paper as a KEI Academic Paper to over 2,000 government officials, think tank experts, and scholars around the United States and the world. Distribution of each paper will be followed by a public discussion with the author at KEI. An annual collection of KEI Academic Papers will be collated and published in a single volume by KEI. The next KEI Academic Paper will be published in March 2007. Authored by Richard Weitz of the Hudson Institute, it will address Challenges and Opportunities from Evolving Chinese-Russian and U.S.-Japanese Security Ties. A program with Mr. Weitz at KEI is tentatively scheduled for March 29. Securing Tokyo's Positive Role in North-South Reconciliation:


Tunneling field effect transistors (TFETs) based on two-dimensional materials are promising contenders to the traditional metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, mainly due to potential applications in low power devices. Here, we investigate the TFETs based on two different integration types: in-plane and vertical heterostructures composed of two kinds of layered phosphorous (β-P and δ-P) by ab initio quantum transport simulations. NDR effects have been observed in both in-plane and vertical heterostructures, and the effects become significant with the highest peak-to-valley ratio (PVR) when the intrinsic region length is near zero. Compared with the in-plane TFET based on β-P and δ-P, better performance with a higher on/off current ratio of ~ 106 and a steeper subthreshold swing (SS) of ~ 23 mV/dec is achieved in the vertical TFET. Such differences in the NDR effects, on/off current ratio and SS are attributed to the distinct interaction nature of the β-P and δ-P layers in the in-plane and vertical heterostructures.


The present invention provides a speaker side sound module, comprising a module housing accommodating a speaker and a speaker monomer monomer; lower module housing comprises an upper housing module, the module housing and the module housing; speaker monomer, space formed between the lower shell and the middle shell module after the module tune, the space formed between the shell monomers speaker, the module housing and the module front acoustic cavity; loud speaker module further comprises a side cover plate , the top cover housing engaging in the module, and the module housing forming a cavity, the module housing is opened in the rear acoustic cavity location contact vias, vias for communicating with the rear chamber tune, front acoustic cavity and a rear acoustic cavity separated by a sealing vias. The use of the above-described side loud speaker module of the present invention provides, it is possible to convert the extra space on the module housing into the tune, thereby increasing the volume of the acoustic cavity, improve the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker module.


only in dealing with large-scale information-processing problems but in providing interconmmrfication between programmers and /or programs. As a result of our experience with CL-I, we can make the following statements about how well it fulfills tile requirements of the "programruing system" set forth in this paper: 1. The deeoupling of data descriptions and programs has proved extremely valuable, not only in the initial design and coding of programs, but also in their subsequent extension and modification. For example, there have been several occasions when production programs built with CL-I have required several extensions and modifications which, had we been using conventionM techniques, would have taken several man-months of effort. These were accomplished literally overnight with CL-I. 2. Tile file for programs and data has been very valuable in solving many of the logistic problems inherent in the building of large programs where many programmers are involved. 3. One feature of CL-[ is not adapted for certain types of problems, in particular, the manner in which the system itself is organized. That is, CL-I is organized in a hierarehal fashion in the sense that there arc "levels" of languages. ii i!~!i~i


Background: Apoptosis is the driving component of myocardial remodeling after ischemic injury. We sought to investigate ranolazine's (RAN) role on apoptosis and myocardial remodeling in a rat model of chronic myocardial ischemia (CMI). Methods: CMI was induced by permanent ligation of the LAD in male Wistar rats. 1 hour later, 15mg/kg RAN or NaCl was administered, i.p. 24 hours after ligation, rats underwent a forced swim test and TTE examination. Inflammation was measured by counting macrophages in ED1-Staining. Apoptosis was measured by TUNEL staining. Protein expression of cleaved caspases (CC) 3 and 8, as well as Baxand Bcl2were assessedby western blot. Allmeasurements wereobtained through myocardial biopsies taken in both the anterior and posterior wall. Results: AnimalsreceivingRANweremoreactive,hadabetterLVEFandsmaller LVEDD than those receiving NaCl. ED1-postive cells were fewer at both anterior and posterior walls in animals receiving RAN. Apoptosis, as assessed by TUNEL was reduced by RAN at the posterior but not the anterior wall. Also, RAN reduced the expression of CC 3 and CC8 but had no influence on Bax/Bcl2-ratio, again, in the posterior wall only. Conclusions: RAN reduces the effects of CMI on reduction of LVEF, increased LV-size and increased inflammation at all sites. RAN also reduces apoptosis by influencing its intrinsic pathway via CC8 and the effector caspase, CC3 at the remote myocardium. Therefore, ranolazine seems a promising way to positively influence the myocardial remodeling. used in isosorbide included, and C02D acting arteriolar smooth mus-cle, hydralazine included. Results: The number of patients with heart failure of African ancestry living in the Netherlands, is estimated to be 2055 (621/100.000). The estimated yearly number of patients of African ethnicity in the Netherlands using any ATC C02D pre- scription drug was very low at 85 per year (Table). Thus less than 5% of patients from African ancestry with heart failure could have received the combination. Purpose: Central sleep apnea (CSA) and Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR) are highly prevalent in heart failure (HF) and are linked to increased mortality. Im-paired pulmonary diffusion capacity (transfer factor of the lung for carbon monox- ide [DLCO] and transfer coefficient of the lung for carbon monoxide [KCO]) have been suggested to play a key role in the pathophysiology of emergent of CSA- CSR. This study investigated the relationship between HF, DLCO and KCO in well-characterized HF patients with CSA-CSR. Methods: This prospective study included HF patients with nocturnal CSR during full overnight polysomnography (PSG). All patients underwent full overnight polysomnography (PSG) and lung function testing, including determination of DLCO and KCO. Results: Atotalof100HFpatientswereincluded(age70.7±9.7years,95%male, body mass index 28.9±5.3, left ventricular ejection fraction 33.5±7.7%, New York Heart Association functional class III 65%, systolic pulmonary artery pressure 41.4±12.7 mmHg). DLCO and partial pressure of oxygen were not significantly correlated with total AHI (p=0.38; p=0.34), but were significantly correlated with hypoxemic burden (p < 0.05). Mean oxygen saturation, oxygen desaturation, C- reactive protein level and pH were significantly associated with CSA-CSR severity (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The finding that lung diffusion capacity is significantly associated with hypoxemic burden in HF patients with CSA-CSR highlights the important role that lung function plays in HF patients. Background: Trials support up-titration of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors and β -blockers to maximum tolerated doses to improve prognosis in chronic heart failure (CHF). The effects of dose adjustments in clinical practice on blood and urine biomarkers have not yet been investigated. Purpose: To evaluate the lagged effect of medication adjustment on biomark- ers levels and NYHA class at each subsequent follow-up visit; and to assess its association with clinical outcome in CHF patients. Methods: In 263 CHF patients, we performed repeated 3-monthly assessment of medication adjustment and NYHA class, and we measured N-terminal proB- type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), high-sensitive troponin T (HsTNT), C-reactive protein (CRP), creatinine and cystatin C in blood and N-acetyl-beta- d-glucosaminidase (NAG) and kidney-injury-molecule (KIM)-1 in urine. Treating investigate the associations be- tween medication adjustments and the composite endpoint of HF-hospitalization, LVAD-placement and heart transplantation. Results: HF ejection median follow-up 2.2 (5–10) (median (IQR)) NYHA TDDs of diuretics worsening biomarkers next outpatient follow-up. TDDs ACEi/ARBs up-titrations 2 down-titrations ACEi/ARBs follow-up. Higher TDD of diuretics and lower TDD of ACEi/ARBs were with of events (per 40mg of furosemide: and enalapril: but did not persist after multivariable Our findings demonstrate that higher doses of RAAS inhibitors are associated both with cardiac and tubular improvement (without glomerular impairment) at the next follow-up visit. Yet, down-titration of RAAS inhibitors occurs during follow-up, coupled with up-titration of diuretics. This down-titration of RAAS inhibitors marks progression towards end stage heart failure. elucidate potential relationships between cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) variables and invasive measures of right ventricular afterload and translate those findings into a clinical "rule out tool" for vas- cularresistance(PVR) 3WU,inendstageheartfailurepatientsawaitingcardiac transplantation. Retrospective study included stable end-stage heart failure pa- tients who underwent a scheduled in-hospital evaluation for heart transplantation and performed CPET and invasive hemodynamic assessment ≤ 7 days apart. Results: were included. PVR was positively correlated with VE/VCO2 slope (r=0,41, p=0,013) and negatively correlated with PETCO2 at AT and peak O2 pulse (r=-0,42, p=0,013 and r=-0,38, p=0,005, respectively). Pulmonary arte-rial compliance was negatively correlated with VE/VCO2 slope (r=-0,34, p=0,046) positively correlated with PETCO2 at AT and O2 pulse at AT (r=0,47, p=0,005 and r=0,46, p=0,007, respectively). A "rule out" tool for PVR > 3 WU including peak O2 pulse and VE/VCO2 slope showed a sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 48%, positive likelihood ratio of 1,75 and negative likelihood ratio of 0,19, in the identification of low risk patients for high PVR.


Taipei City Government has implemented the first emergency operation center (EOC) in Taiwan to assist disaster response. The EOC has placed its role in dual functions, that is, providing command and assistance in disaster and communicating inter-hospital cooperation at the usual time. We assessed the infrastructure of the EOC by applying the guidance of the Department of Homeland Security in the United States to understand if the EOC has fulfilled the criteria of EOC set-up. Initial evaluation discloses that two major problems exist, that is, the limited space and incomplete documents (including emergency operation plan). On the other hand, the EOC in Taipei City has dual functions. One is preparing disaster response, and another is inter-hospital communication in transfer patients into those where beds are available. It provides 24-hour inter-hospital communication and information gathering. In two months, they have collected data from 481 mass casualties. The success rate of inter-hospital transfer is reported to increase from 10% to 38% and that of intensive care units even 100%. In summary, Taipei EOC has initial achievements and may lead Taipei City to better disaster response. (Ann Disaster Med. 2004;2:60-66)


In recent decades, the Semitic background of early Christianity is increasingly identified. It is not easy in all cases to determine whether there is a language and expression Semitism or not. The question cannot generally do, but must be decided by a detailed analysis of the existing material from case to case. The author explains in an interesting and non-trivial example. In the recently published fourth edition of his dictionary Walter Bauer under the words' ταπeιѵόω "to the Old Testament Parlance means' located mortify, fast ". This meaning is distinguished van" humbly make, humbly be ". It is very clear that the root ταπeιѵο- in early Christian usage has a different meaning from the secular Greek sense. The author has shown that in the expression ταπeιѵοῠѵ τήѵ ψɳϰήѵ the no bible Semitism or language needs in the Apostolic Fathers, but that he was quite understandable for the Greeks.Keywords: Apostolic Fathers; semitism; Christianity; Walter Bauer; Old Testament


To ensure that the University of Delaware is doing its best to reduce the chance of identity theft and to help the University meet the obligations imposed by laws regarding personal information, the University developed a campaign to educate faculty and staff about the proper use of Social Security Numbers (SSNs). A team from the Information Technology Department was assigned to work on this project.The first step in this campaign was to ask each department to provide us with information about their use of SSNs. The team designed a web survey to help determine: How and why different University units acquire SSNs. How SSNs are being stored. How SSNs are being guarded.The SSN is currently the student ID, but will be replaced with another identifier in the summer of 2006 when the new Student Information System is implemented.Data from the survey was loaded into an online database for the IT staff members. . The committee used the database as a tool to follow up with departments who responded to the survey. The paper will discuss the project timeline and campaign process. It will also detail the development and use of the online database as a tool to record information and track progress.


We study an interacting spinless Bose–Einstein condensate to clarify theoretically whether the spectra of its quasiparticles (one-particle excitations) and collective modes (two-particle excitations) are identical, as concluded by Gavoret and Nozieres [Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 28, 349 (1964)]. We derive analytic expressions for their first and second moments so as to extend the Bijl–Feynman formula for the peak of the collective-mode spectrum to its width (inverse lifetime) and also to the one-particle channel. The obtained formulas indicate that the width of the collective-mode spectrum manifestly vanishes in the long-wavelength limit, whereas that of the quasiparticle spectrum apparently remains finite. We also evaluate the peaks and widths of the two spectra numerically for a model interaction potential in terms of the Jastrow wave function optimized by a variational method. It is thereby found that the width of the quasiparticle spectrum increases towards a constant as the wavenumber decreases. This marked d...


Tsunami is a series of ocean waves produced by a submarine earthquake, landslide, or volcanic eruption. These waves may reach enormous dimensions and may have sufficient energy to travel across the entire ocean and to destroy human lives near the beach up to a distance of some kilometers from the shoreline. Severe damage can be caused by large tsunamis to boats and other fishing equipments, to houses, to tourist resorts, to schools, to water and sanitation, and to infrastructures. In addition they can cause substantial damage to health services, which becomes an essential issue since these services are immediately needed for a quick medical response. If the medical response is late, then it leads to prolonging the provision of medical assistance especially to persons severely injured as well as to spreading of infectious diseases [1]. Indeed, suddenly after tsunami strikes the land, many people suffer traumatic injuries, that are caused by the impact of sharp or blunt objects. In this phase, sometimes there can be a further trouble when treating traumatic patients, because medical equipments might be broken as a consequence of the tsunami. Tsunami produce mud, causing contamination of water, which in turn results into sanitation and hygiene problems that may cause infectious diseases that may be complicated to treat. There are conditions that can be more difficult compared to other types of disasters. For example, the logistical problems of distributing goods could be very difficult due to bad weather, problematic access and limited transportation. Air, sea and land transportations need much more effort for distribution of medical services. Because of the tsunami damage, aircrafts could not land, ships or boats could only anchor at 500 m – 1 km far from the new coastline, made by tsunami, and trooper cars, trucks, and other land transportation vehicles could find it impossible to reach the disaster area. Usually, there is only one way to distribute the medical supplies in the early phase of tsunamis, i.e. by helicopter. Based on this situation, the medical assistance can be divided into two phases, that is the early and the late phase of a tsunami attack.


Piece written by one of our members I was talking to my friends at Resisting Hate about contributing to their blog. I felt this piece that I wrote ...


A large-signal model of InP/InGaAs single HBThas been develop considering spectral performance and mixing. This model is based on Gummel Poon BJT model Heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) InP/InGaAs has been modelled and analyzed in this paper as an optoelectronic mixer (OEM). The HBT proposed was simulated by considering the wavelength of 1310nm for an up-conversion frequency of 30GHz. Its characteristics was further investigated to develop the appropriate structure device for OEM application. This proposed HBT InP/InGaAs can be potentially implemented in the broadband RoF system to perform photodetection and frequency up-conversion.


Symplectic Dirac operator is an intertwining differential operator. Discretising symplectic Dirac operator gives a new direction to study the quantum space. The construction of discrete symplectic Dirac operator requires the theory of discrete symplectic Clifford analysis or the concept of discrete symplectic connections, which are not explained in literature. In this work, a discretization approach for symplectic Dirac operator is suggested by considering the forward and backward basis vectors on symplectic Clifford algebra. The suggested discrete symplectic Dirac operator is  Ds=Ds++Ds- where the Ds+ and Ds- are the forward and backward discrete symplectic Dirac operators, respectively. The new discrete symplectic Dirac operator gives the factorization of discrete Laplacian on symplectic spaces. Further, we establish commutation relations involving forward and backward discrete symplectic Dirac operators in the representation theory.


The American Society of International Law met for the 28th successive year in Washington, April 26–28, at The Willard Hotel. The general program of subjects was somewhat different from the programs of the several preceding years.


A new color picture tube named SONY "TRINITRON" has been developed, based on a concept of electron optics which is different from conventional color picture tubes.


The aim of this paper is to present the main issues of learning the Romanian language as a foreign language among Serbian students of the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad. It is the intention of the authors to detect and discuss the common errors made by students taking the final test. The testing has been done on a sample of thirty students and the target group were A1, A2, B1, B2 level students. The test consisted of reading comprehension, writing and use of language. The language courses have been held twice a week and last ninety minutes each.

Based on research results, it could be said that students create their own mental grammar that suffers changes during the whole language learning process. The common errors that occurred on A1 and A2 level are related to writing of the Romanian specific vowels ă, i, â and use of article and preposition; on B1 and B2 level errors are related to use of the enclitic forms of personal pronoun, use of present tense and order of words in sentence. Having in mind the fact that error making could be a strategy in language learning process, the authors believe that these results could be a reliable indicator of the Romanian language learning process as a foreign language. Analysing the errors, it could be concluded that there is a strong influence of both mother tongue and other languages learned before. Furthermore, it could be underlined that a large number of errors are intralingual in nature due to the fact they occured as a resuls of transfer from mother tongue or other foreign language.


The dynamics of the sol-gel transition is probed by use of quasielastic light scattering. A type of critical dynamics is observed that is associated with a divergent friction, rather than a singularity in a thermodynamic quantity. Several novel effects are reported, including power-law time decay of the intensity autocorrelation function, critical slowing down of the average relaxation time, and observation of a fractal time set in the scattered field.


Decentralized spot markets are populated by atomistic utility maximizing buyers and profit maximizing sellers. This paper follows the work of (Ellig, 2001) in which he regards the firm as a Club that gets it revenues from Membership fees in exchange of benefits extracted from the acquisition of fixed cost (reputation, buildings, equipments). However, it analyze it from the viewpoint of a franchise system, thus adding a new franchisee reduce the cost of the system but also increase brand dissipation or the utility that each franchisee gets from the system reputation. This paper proposes that this concept can be rather viewed in terms of contribution margin.


The article also defines the main role of information technologies used in the process of learning mathematics by students, and their characteristics. Considering the problematic situations in the country that led to the introduction of distance learning, the way to improve the quality of knowledge is to use an interactive board. The use of online board in primary school mathematics lessons is an effective tool for practical activities both distance and in the classroom. The use of the online board is defined according to different needs: as a repository of materials; as a glider; as a technology "The Flipped classroom"; as a bulletin board and reporting; a place for teacher communication with parents, students, teachers. It is determined that the use of information technology for the formation of mathematical competence is a very important task, because it makes it possible: mastering educational information by means of information technology; creating a friendly positive atmosphere in educational activities, through the use of software, taking into account the age characteristics of primary school students.


Autonomous real-time fingerprint verification, how to judge whether two fingerprints come from the same finger or not, is an important and difficult problem in AFIS (Automated Fingerprint Identification system). In addition to the nonlinear deformation, two fingerprints from the same finger may also be dissimilar due to translation or rotation, all these factors do make the dissimilarities more great and lead to misjudgment, thus the correct verification rate highly depends on the deformation degree. In this paper, we present a new fast simple algorithm for fingerprint matching, derived from the Chang et al.'s method, to solve the problem of optimal matches between two fingerprints under nonlinear deformation. The proposed algorithm uses not only the feature points of fingerprints but also the multiple information of the ridge to reduce the computational complexity in fingerprint verification. Experiments with a number of fingerprint images have shown that this algorithm has higher efficiency than the existing of methods due to the reduced searching operations.


Background: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) will increase the risk of impairment of renal function in the future. Objective: To assess renal function in infants with a history of IUGR up to 36 weeks gestation compared to infants with normal growth. Method: Laboratory examination of urine microalbumin, urine creatinine and a cystatin C blood test were done on day 7 after birth in infants with a history of IUGR and in infants with normal growth up to 36 weeks gestation and compared. Results: On day 7 after birth, mean urine microalbumin levels of IUGR and normal weight infants were 15.83 ± 31.32 mg/ml and 1.9 ± 0.97 mg/ml respectively (p 0.05). Conclusions: Mean urine albumin level, mean urine creatinine level and mean urine albumin/creatinine ratio of IUGR infants were significantly higher than those of normal weight infants. There was no significant difference between the mean cystatin C levels of IUGR infants and normal weight infants. (Keywords: Renal function of infants with IUGR, microalbumin, creatinine, cystatin C) Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health , 2017; 46 (2): 152-154


This paper presents a real time smart door system for home security. Most of the proposed smart home systems try to bring solutions for this security problem, but many of those systems use numerous sensor devices. With the increasing security issues, it is necessary to use new technologies. Video based smart home security systems have recently become an efficient approach with the development of video technology and Raspberry Pi is a strong and reliable embedded system device for the complex and challenging tasks. Using these technologies in the proposed system will bring several advantages in providing safety and security in terms of visualizing and identifying people who visit the home. In the overall proposed system, there will be two different significant techniques to provide home security. One is to use video technology to see the front door in real time even if the home is empty and another is to provide communication between the door system and smart phone device. By connecting the smart door system with the mobile phone through the cellular network, the owner of the house may have several opportunities such as controlling the house, getting instant video streaming, receiving and sending message, talking to the visitor and starting the alarm system. The experimental results indicate that the proposed system may provide a consistent support and assistance for safe and secure life.


BACKGROUND
Most persistent poverty counties are rural and contain high concentrations of racial minorities. Cancer mortality across persistent poverty, rurality, and race is understudied.

METHODS
We gathered data on race and cancer deaths (all sites; lung and bronchus; colorectal; liver and intrahepatic bile duct; oropharyngeal; breast and cervical [females]; and prostate [males]) from National Death Index (1990-1992; 2014-2018). We linked these data to county characteristics: a) persistent poverty or not and b) rural or urban. We calculated absolute (range difference) and relative (range ratio) disparities for each cancer mortality outcome across persistent poverty, rurality, race, and time.

RESULTS
The 1990-1992 range difference for all sites combined indicated persistent poverty counties had 12.73 (95% confidence interval [CI]=11.37-14.09) excess deaths per 100,000 people/year compared to non-persistent poverty counties; the 2014-2018 range difference was 10.99 (95% CI = 10.22-11.77). Similarly, the 1990-1992 range ratio for all sites indicated mortality rates in persistent poverty counties were 1.06 (95% CI = 1.05-1.07) times as high as non-persistent poverty counties; the 2014-2018 range ratio was 1.07 (95% CI = 1.07-1.08). Between 1990-1992 and 2014-2018, absolute and relative disparities by persistent poverty widened for colorectal and breast cancers; however, for remaining outcomes, trends in disparities were stable or mixed. The highest mortality rates were observed among African American/Black residents of rural, persistent poverty counties for all sites, colorectal, oropharyngeal, breast, cervical, and prostate cancers.

CONCLUSIONS
Mortality disparities by persistent poverty endured over time for most cancer outcomes, particularly for racial minorities in rural, persistent poverty counties. Multisector interventions are needed to improve cancer outcomes.


Abstract The females of the European species Homoneura consobrina, H. patelliformis and H. thalhammeri are not easy to discern. A possible method of identifying females is to apply geometric morphometrics to the wing shape, when we expect females of certain species to have wing shape more similar to conspecific males, than to other species. For this purpose, 94 specimens of the three species were collected mainly by means of Malaise trap in western and central Slovakia and Montenegro. The combination of morphological and distribution data allowed for the females to be divided into three groups. In next step, wings of both males and females were digitized, aligned by Generalized Procrustes Analysis and analyzed via multivariate methods (principal component analysis, multivariate analysis of variance, linear discriminant analysis). Results of the analysis clearly suggest that females with large and convex 8th sternite belong to H. patelliformis, while females with reduced 8th sternite belong to either H. thalhammeri or H. consobrina.


personnel. On the basis of the samples selected for review, the inspectors concluded that the Corrective Action Program at Palisades Nuclear Plant was adequate in the areas of identifying, evaluating and correcting issues with some identified opportunities for improvement. There was a low threshold for identifying issues and entering them into the Corrective Action Program. The significance of the issues was screened using risk insights and the significance drove the prioritization of issue evaluation and resolution. Evaluations were adequate, overall, in determining the underlying cause of the issues and corrective actions were generally implemented in a timely manner, commensurate with their safety significance. Operating experience was evaluated and entered into the Corrective Action Program, if applicable. The use of operating experience was integrated into daily activities and found to be effective in preventing similar issues at the plant. In addition, self-assessments, audits, and effectiveness reviews were found to be conducted at a sufficient depth for all departments. The assessments reviewed were thorough and effective in identifying site performance deficiencies, programmatic concerns, and improvement opportunities. Based on the results of the interviews conducted, the inspectors did not identify any impediment to the establishment of a safety conscious work environment (SCWE) at Palisades Nuclear Plant with the exception of the Security Department. Licensee staff was aware of and generally familiar with the Corrective Action Program and other station processes, including the Employee Concerns Program, through which concerns could be raised. The staff was also comfortable raising concerns without fear of retaliation.


The negative hydrogen ion formation process on a cesiated W(110) surface is studied by scattering a proton beam from such a surface. The primary energy ranges from 50 to 3000 eV. The angle of incidence with respect to the surface normal is 45° or 70°. A maximum negative‐ion formation probability of 0.67 is measured. This quantity does not depend on the angle of incidence. However, it is strongly influenced by the time the surface has been exposed to the beam. This effect is attributed to hydrogen implantation.


In problems to find the minimum or maximum of a target function under given constraints, attention has been paid to the final solution. Processes leading to the solution are often not of interest. Here we examine the paths and their variations leading to the solution of an optimization problem of the shape of a closed curve in a plane. The problem we deal with is to find the smoothest curve among curves whose length and enclosed area are given. We use the method of vertex dynamics where behavior of vertex coordinates is described by simultaneous partial differential equations including a potential term. We obtain, through intermediate patterns consisting of five, four and three lobes, finally a pattern consisting of two lobes. In the process of the pattern change, we observe fusing lobes (two neighboring lobes merge into one), retracting lobes (a lobe is drawn back into a body) and their intermediate types. Mechanisms of fusion and retraction are discussed with respect to the minimum bending energy under the given constraints.


This paper introduces a Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for Underwater Acoustic Network (UAN) where one of the transmitter nodes equipped with a Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) agent learns the communication environment and adapts its transmission policy to maximize the network throughput. In contrast to a radio frequency (RF) wireless network where the propagation delay is ignored, the UAN experiences significant propagation delays in both transmission from source to sink and feedback from sink to source. When co-existing with a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) node or a slotted Aloha node, the DRL node learns to take advantage of the difference in propagation delays and occupy the spare time slots of the network to achieve minimum collision in the UAN environment. Computer simulation results demonstrate the performance gain of using the DRL agent in both synchronous and asynchronous timing models.


Over twenty years ago when he was running for President, John Kennedy published a book called Profiles in Courage. He was interested in conventional heroes, principled and dedicated, who devoted themselves to holding "the ship of State to its true course." Charles DeBenedetti's timely book is about equally principled heroes who were frequently at odds with the direction the American ship of State was taking at home and abroad. The people who gave shape to the American peace movement in the twentieth century were Jane Addams, Eugene V. Debs, Norman Thomas, Albert Einstein, A. J. Muste, Norman Cousins, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Daniel and Philip Berrigan. These dynamic and individualistic people are discussed in separate mini-biographies in this volume.


Embedded within Earth's topography is a constantly evolving fluvial network sensitive to variations in horizontal and vertical motions, driving sediment transport from elevated sources to sedimentary basins. The notion that a river acts as a 'tape recorder' for positive vertical displacements suggests that changes in spatial and temporal characteristics of surface uplift can be deduced through the analysis of longitudinal river profiles. The relative tectonic quiescence of the Australian continent during the Cenozoic makes it an excellent natural laboratory to study recent large-scale variations in surface uplift, often linked with mantle convective processes. Here, we analyse X longitudinal river profiles from south Western Australia. Major knickzones in the longitudinal profiles of rivers in southwest Australia suggest recent surface uplift. Given the lack of recent large-scale tectonic activity in that region, this uplift requires an explanation. Applying an inverse algorithm to river profiles of south Western Australia reveals that this surface uplift started in the Eocene and culminated in the mid-late Neogene. The surface uplift rates deduced from this river profile analysis generally agree with independent geological observations including preserved shallow-marine sediment outcrops across the Eucla Basin and south Western Australia. The timing of this event is also to be compared with offshore stratigraphic sections to link onshore surface uplift to offshore sedimentation. We show that the interplay between global sea level and long-wavelength dynamic topography associated with south Western Australia's plate motion path over the remnants of an ancient Pacific slab is a plausible mechanism driving this surface uplift.


The present invention, neural stem cells and / or neural progenitor cells, undifferentiated and the while maintaining the multipotential that promote cell proliferation, neural stem cells and / or neural progenitor cell culture medium comprising the chelating hwacheol, and the art medium of It provides using neural stem cells and / or neural progenitor cell culture methods and the like.


The article discusses the specifics of information disclosure in the accounting (financial) statements of organizations, taking into account the changes in a number of PBUS introduced by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation No. 287n of 27.11.2020. The problems of the article are relevant in the context of the preparation of annual reports and the need to form explanations to it, taking into account the requirements of regulatory documents. The amendments significantly limited the disclosure requirements in the financial statements. The amount of information disclosed depends on the economic risks that accompany the information openness of economic entities. Opportunities for limited disclosure of information are associated with possible losses of an economic nature or damage to the business reputation of the organization. In this regard, when preparing the notes to the accounting (financial) statements, the management of the organization should make a decision on the amount of information that will not only allow the disclosure of material information, but also ensure the observance of prudence and caution. The article presents an algorithm for forming a professional judgment about the limitation of the amount of reporting information. The material of the article is presented taking into account the current regulatory framework, orders of the Ministry of Finance and explanations of specialists.


The electronic excitations and the static first hyperpolarizability of three typical transition metal (TM) aromatic carbonyl complexes, two tungsten pentacarbonyl derivatives (W(CO)5L, L = Py and PyCHO) and one chromium tricarbonyl arene derivative (Cr(CO)3Bz, Bz = benzene), have been theoretically studied by a variety of density functional methods. The assessments reveal that most of the conventional DFT methods including local density approximation, generalized gradient approximation (GGA), and the various kinds of hybrid exchange‐correlation (xc) methods present the first hyperpolarizabilities of these TM‐containing molecules with large deviations from the experiments. A one‐parameter hybrid xc functional is introduced by using the Perdew‐Wang 1991 gradient‐corrected correlation functional (PW91) and the Barone's‐modified PW91 exchange functional (mPW). The ratio between the exact and the density functional exchange is determined to be 0.40 by the adiabatic connection method. The application of the new hybrid functional to the three organometallic carbonyl molecules results in the satisfactory agreement between the calculated first hyperpolarizabilities and the experimental ones. The second‐order nonlinear optical properties of the three organometallic complexes are addressed to the metal‐to‐ligand charge transfers, and the extended π‐delocalization ligands benefit the enhancement of the first hyperpolarizability. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009


In recent years many publications about theoretical as well as practical aspects of ZnO layers on dielectric or piezoelectric substrates were published. Up to now, the main research objectives were the compensation of temperature coefficient TCF and the increase of effective coupling k/sup 2/. In this paper we investigate the existence and properties of SAWs on metallic substrates. With the standard FEM code ANSYS, a single crystal LiNbO/sub 3/ SAW resonator was analyzed, to determine the accuracy of the FEM model. Calculated data and data taken from literature for the phase velocity were compared. In the next step a ZnO piezoelectric layer on a metallic substrate with Au/Ti seedlayer was simulated. Substrate material data mainly based on a typical metallic alloy were assumed. Different E-moduli were used in order to investigate the change in the SAW propagation behavior. As a preliminary test for this setup a resonator with ZnO/Au/Ti on Silicon was calculated and measured. A harmonic analysis was carried out. The admittance was determined regarding loss mechanisms. Changes in the dispersion curve and coupling factor, due to a variation of the piezoelectric layer height were evaluated. Finally the propagation characteristics of SAW will be presented with respect to the variation of material tensor data and ZnO film thickness.