A substantial proportion of atmospheric fine particle material is semi-volatile. The co-condensation of semi-volatile organic material along with water vapour, will result in an increase in cloud droplet number concentration and hence affect the Earth's climate. By systematically initialising a cloud parcel model with representative parameters for pristine forest, 10 background, rural, near-city, urban and kerbside environments, we confirmed and examined this effect under various environmental conditions and investigated the potential role of the atmospheric transformation of semi-volatile organic material on cloud droplet number. Across all model scenarios, the co-condensation of semi-volatiles results in the formation of a maximum of around 70% more cloud droplets compared to the simulations without co-condensation. We show that, despite a relatively straightforward initialisation in the pristine forest environment, the relationship between the enhancement 15 by co-condensation and the initial parameters are complex and non-linear. In the other five environments, the general trends of the percentage enhancement by co-condensation are: (1) the enhancement increases with updraft speeds; (2) in summer, the increase is insignificant; (3) in winter, the increase is the most significant in clean environments while very limited in the intermediate and polluted environments. However, the trend of the percentage enhancement is too intricate and complex to be accessible to the simple assumption of behaviour as a function of, for example, condensable vapour per particle or per surface 20 area. We found that initial temperature, updraughts and initial volatility distribution are the biggest contributory parameters to large predicted enhancement.


The focus of this study is to assess the fatigue behaviour and the corresponding damage states of a textile polymeric composite material with the use of infrared thermography. Static results confirmed that the dominant damage mechanism is cracking in the braider yarns, which was monitored using thermographic images and confirmed by edge replication observations. Fatigue results confirmed that the saturation of braider yarn cracks during cyclic loading corresponded to changes in the stiffness degradation rate as well as the surface temperature profile. This was confirmed by edge replication and scanning electron microscopic analysis. Thermography was successful in monitoring the development of fatigue damage as well as predicting the damage states of the braided polymeric composite material.


Residents living in the vicinity of airports are exposed to noise from departing and approaching aircraft. Noise may be reduced by introducing novel aircraft technologies and flight procedures. By means of auralisation and listening experiments, such possible future changes can be evaluated by considering human sound perception. In this study, flyovers of different aircraft types and flight procedures were auralised at multiple virtual observer locations, and subsequently evaluated in a psychoacoustic laboratory experiment with respect to short-term noise annoyance. An existing reference aircraft, a possible low-noise retrofitted version and a future low-noise design were simulated along standard and tailored approach procedures. Separate source signals were synthesised for engine broadband, fan tonal, airframe broadband, and cavity tonal noise. Further, smooth transitions between consecutive changes in configurational setting and operational condition were modelled to create realistic sounds. To enhance plausibility, the propagation simulation, amongst other effects, considered ground reflections and frequency-dependent amplitude modulation due to propagation through a turbulent atmosphere. The flyover sounds were spatially reproduced by a hemispherical loudspeaker array. The listening experiment revealed significant annoyance reductions for low-noise aircraft types and flight procedures, that maximal benefit is achieved by the combined optimisation of aircraft technology and procedure, and that distributed observers need to be considered.


This paper presents the background of the term «Europeanism» and its specificity in the Russian context. In contrast to Europe Europeanism emerged in the 40s of the XIXth century in the Russian Empire and was perceived as a Western path of development, an introduction to European culture, rather than an integration project with Western countries. The author presents the views of reputable scientists (A. Chubarian, V. Shchukin, V. Khorev, V. Kantor), revealing the nature and manifestations of the phenomenon in Russia. For most historians Europeanism is primarily an intellectual phenomenon associated with the work of consciousness, thought, perception of an individual, his values and identity within the European community. There are five main processes: perception of European culture and the Europeans, the awareness of belonging to the European cultural community, the development of personal consciousness and culture, the assimilation of European ideas and values. The author cites two periodization Europeanism in Russia. The first one (V. Chubarian) is based on the perception of community between Russia and Europe, the second (V. Shchukin) is on the relationship between the Russian «superfluous people» with the Moscow society and authority. The article describes the debate about the possibility of Europeanism in Muscovy. For most authors (V. Soloviev, A. Gurevich, B. Lopukhov, V. Shchukin, V. Kantor) basic and irrefutable argument in favor of the Russian eEuropeanism is to adopt Christianity. Final part of the work is devoted to the first manifestations of Europeanism in the XVIIth century. Historians have noted its emergence among the Moscow elite men (I. Khvorostinin, O. Nashchokin, G. Kotoshikhin, V. Golittsyn) activity, their thinking and everyday behavior. Europeanism was considered as something beyond the scope of tradition, and sometimes it manifested itself in opposition to the established norms and rules.


The internationalization of education is one of the core construction contents of the "Double High-Level Plan" issued by the Ministry of Education and important support of the country's opening-up strategy such as the construction of "The Belt and Road Initiative". Fifteen higher vocational colleges in Zhejiang province have been selected into the national "Double High-Level Plan". They have achieved preliminary results in the internationalization of education, such as the introduction and output of high-quality resources, the construction of scientific research and cultural exchange platforms. However, there are still challenges faced with education internationalization, including working concept, system and mechanism, and construction achievements. Therefore, in this paper, with reference to the construction requirements of "Double High-Level Plan" and the current development of these 15 "Double High-Level Plan" vocational schools, it puts forward "124" development model for the internationalization of higher vocational education, namely focusing on "CPC construction" as a core, making two major education platforms of "bringing in" and "going out" strategy, perfecting professional construction, faculty training, communication platform construction, and students cultivation, so as to construct a development model for the internationalization of higher vocational education with Zhejiang characteristics.


Traffic delay and congestion frequently occur in off-ramp areas, but few researches focus on generating the microscopic trajectory plan for individual connected and automated vehicles (CAV) to instruct their real-time acceleration/deceleration rate and lane-changing maneuvers at off-ramps. This paper proposes a trajectory planning model for vehicle platoons at off-ramp based on mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP). The model can generate systematical optimal trajectories for CAVs passing the off-ramp safely and efficiently. Aiming at optimizing the overall traffic efficiency, we developed a series of constraints to model the behavior of vehicles running in the trajectory area. Especially, the impact of the lane-changing of vehicles is carefully designed to further improve the efficiency and safety by coordinating the behavior of different vehicles on the main road into several vehicle platoons and simultaneously generates trajectories for all vehicles in a platoon. The experiments show that the model can improve the traffic efficiency of pure CAV flow on the off-ramp with safety and effectively solve traffic congestion at the off-ramp.


In this paper, we describe the proposed methodology for participating in the sentiment analysis challenge from the Rest-Mex track at IberLEF 2022. This challenge is a classification problem, and consists on two sub-tasks: polarity classification and the type of opinion. Our proposal consists in generating high level features from texts by learning contextualized representations based on an ensemble of fine-tuned BERT models according to each sub-task. Subsequently, these features are aggregated to obtain an extended dataset, where an optimal ensemble of machine learning models are trained. The proposed strategy obtained the third place on this task.


This research project explored the dialogue between narrative methods, reflection and professional development. The project was designed to engage participating writing teachers to write narrative stories of experience, participate in guided reflective questioning and dialogue as a process of teacher inquiry and professional development. It was framed by writing workshop, narrative methods and critical learning community theory for professional development. Participants wrote critical stories of experience implementing aspects of writing workshop and engaging in a reflective process of questioning and dialogue as a professional development process.


Predicting sales is an important aspect of sales development. Sales prediction simulation is an estimate about calculating the level of product sales in a certain period. The research objective was to predict the level of sales of HPAI products at HNI Halal Mart. The data used is sales data for HPAI products from 2017 to 2019 which are processed using the Monte Carlo method. Based on the results of testing the prediction of the sales level of HPAI products, an average accuracy of 84,5% is obtained, making it easier in the decision making process and helping in choosing a good business strategy.


Relates to overload limit in high-lift system in an aircraft, the system is equipped with landing flaps system, the segments (3, 4, 5, 6) of the slat flap system and each drive unit. Overload limiting device of the present invention includes a control unit (23), the control unit is connected to the position sensor (15, 16, 17), the driving power to process signals from the position sensor, and is supplied It is embodied to generate a signal to limit. Thereby, signals from at least two position sensors is measured, at least one reference variable is calculated from the signals, each reference variable is compared with a predetermined threshold value from the corresponding maximum specific loading, the reference variable at least when one is reached the threshold value, or exceeds, the control signal for limiting the drive power is generated. .FIELD 1


When there are frequent capture occasions, both semiparametric and nonparametric estimators for the size of an open population have been proposed using kernel smoothing methods. While kernel smoothing methods are mathematically tractable, fitting them to data is computationally intensive. Here, we use smoothing splines in the form of P-splines to provide an alternate less computationally intensive method of fitting these models to capture–recapture data from open populations with frequent capture occasions. We fit the model to capture data collected over 64 occasions and model the population size as a function of time, seasonal effects and an environmental covariate. A small simulation study is also conducted to examine the performance of the estimators and their standard errors.


After 1978, the People's Republic of China (PRC) moved to (re-)legitimise, by both institutional and discursive means, allegiance to China in established overseas Chinese communities. In this article, I attempt to show how it has progressed to the next step: celebrating migration as a patriotic and modern act, and encouraging transnational practices among people who are in the process of leaving China. More specifically, I discuss how the state discursively constructs 'new migrant' culture; how it engages in imagining the transnational community of new migrants and operationalises imaginaries of the home province and the homeland. I also explore how identity construction among recent migrants is manipulated by elites that participate in this state-promoted imagining process.


Abstract : This document has been prepared for presentation to the 30th Conference of the International Committee on Aeronautical Fatigue scheduled to be held in Naples, Italy, 14th and 15th May 2007. Brief summaries and references are provided on the aircraft fatigue research and associated activities of research laboratories, universities, and aerospace companies in Australia and New Zealand during the period April 2005 to March 2007. The review covers fatigue-related research programs as well as fatigue investigations on specific military and civil aircraft.


Vertical elements fail during earthquakes due to lateral load. Carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) can play a significant role in preventing sudden collapse due to lateral load. Confinement provided by transverse shear reinforcement and polymer sheets increases both the compressive and lateral strength of concrete. To test the effect of CFRP confinement on concrete columns, seven square and four circular vertical specimens were tested and results were compared with theoretical predictions at Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology. The specimens were wrapped at the vertical portion on an intermittent basis so that CFRP strips fell at the gap of horizontal reinforcements of the specimens' vertical portion. Cyclic shear test was performed while maintaining axial compression. The test results were close to the theoretical predictions. The results thus suggest that CFRP wraps can contribute increased shear strength and ductility of vertical elements. High-strength concrete specimens did not reach their maximum strength due to the testing facility's limitations, but they provided the expected results in the lower bound.


The Voelcker Biomedical Research Academy (VBRA) is a unique training program for high school students in the San Antonio area. VBRA allows talented high school freshmen (VBRA Scholars) to conduct a 3‐year long research project in biomedical sciences with faculty at the UT Health Science Center‐San Antonio. The VBRA experience incorporates personalized mentorship, guidance for preparation for college, leadership development, and awareness of career opportunities in science. VBRA applications have increased from 60 applicants in 2009 to 121 in 2015. A cohort of 20–22 selected Scholars is enrolled in the program each year. To date, 7 cohorts have been admitted to the Academy (145 students). These Scholars represent 44 different high schools, are ethnically diverse, (Hispanic, 46%; Caucasian, 32%; Asian, 13%; African American, 9%) and have demonstrated exceptional commitment to the Academy, as 97% of them have completed the program. All senior Scholars have graduated from high school scoring significantly higher on SAT exams than their high school peers. In addition, 100% of the Scholars are attending 4‐year universities and 88% of them are pursuing STEM related majors (88%). Eighty‐two VBRA Alumni serve as role models for current VBRA Scholars and interact daily with their younger counterparts. The Alumni offer presentations on the college experience (College Connection) and continue their own professional development by serving as teaching assistants and lecturers. VBRA Alumni can further grow their research experience, technical skills and scientific knowledge by becoming VBRA Summer Undergraduate Research Fellows (VBRA SURF); these Fellows work full time in a research laboratory during the summer months and participate in supplemental didactic activities. A key feature of the Academy is the contribution of ~ 40 medical students, graduate students and post‐doctoral fellows to the education and mentoring of VBRA Scholars and Alumni. These VBRA Junior Mentors are valuable members of the VBRA Admissions Committee, provide didactic activities and individualized training in specific laboratory techniques, and/or clinical perspectives relevant to translational research. In summary, the VBRA model represents a multi‐tiered approach to professional development in biomedical sciences through the integration of programs for high/professional school and college students with hands‐on research experiences, mentoring and networking opportunities. This model creates an innovative ecosystem that could be integrated or added to existing training programs to support the development of the next generation of biomedical scientists and professionals.


Various attempts to remove pesticides from clothing were discussed. Hotter water temperatures removed more pesticides from clothing. The use of detergents aided in removal. Pre-soaking clothing helped. Do not wash contaminated clothing with other laundry. Lighter weight fabrics allowed for more thorough cleaning.


Cold-formed metal products are increasingly serving as high duty machine parts. Designers and users need to know their properties as accurately as possible. One such product property is the new yield strength, which can be approximated by the final flow stress of the workpiece material during forming. Vickers hardness measurements provide an easy and inexpensive method of evaluating the new local yield stress in cold-formed workpieces. The well-known available models given in literature to convert the measured hardness number into the corresponding yield stress have an error of up to 25 %. This is basically due to the facts that cold formed material experiences large plastic strains in the main forming stage, the hardening behaviour is anisotropic and, moreover, the material properties are inhomogeneous especially at the workpiece surface. The purpose of this study is to improve the accuracy of the well-known available correlation models between Vickers hardness measurements and yield stress. This is achieved by utilizing finite element simulations of the indentation process. The models currently incorporate only the isotropic strain-hardening behaviour of the work material. The new suggested model decreases the theoretical conversion error to less than 10 %. The improved model has been verified by experiments. The difficulty in verifying the models is realizing an experiment with a precisely known high plastic strain. In this study, the forward extrusion process was utilized for this purpose. In the forward extrusion process there is one location in the workpiece where the plastic equivalent strain and hence the yield stress is exactly known: the axis of the extrudate. By this method it is possible to obtain strain-hardening states up to an equivalent plastic strain of 1.6 (!). Hence, making hardness measurements at the axis of extruded workpieces, it was possible to verify the improved relationship up to realistic strain values. The results have shown that the new relationship supplies conversions with a drastically reduced error as compared to the classical relations.


A GRASS module for the evaluation of the distance subtended by a point in the space and its normal projection on the terrain surface has been developed. The knowledge of this distance allows to implement a physical model for the description of thermally driven slope winds. The model has been derived from an extension of a work by Prandtl, [1] [2]. This study take advantage of the new GRASS 3D vector cababilites following a previous work based on a 3D raster approach, [3]. The new GRASS 3D vector implementation allows users to manage irregularly placed sets of points overcoming the rigid definition of a voxel (volume pixel) structured grid. This paper reports, from the programmer's point of view, a detailed description of the use and the connections between geometric primitives and their attribute data as implemented in the GRASS 3D vector architecture. The information required to solve the Prandtl's equation for the wind speed are stored as attributes of a 3D vector map and managed using the PostgreSQL DBMS and SQL queries. A detailed description of the GRASS module source code is also reported. A complete description of the Prandtl physiclal model and of its implementation within GRASS can be found in [3].


This thesis is a comparative study in two novels which both try to understand modern life. The novels were both written between 1929 and 1930 as entries for the same major Nordic novel contest – As ...


Determining long-term trends in chronic pain prevalence is critical for evaluating and shaping U.S. health policies, but little research has examined such trends. This study (1) provides estimates of pain trends among U.S. adults across major population groups; (2) tests whether sociodemographic disparities in pain have widened or narrowed over time; and (3) examines socioeconomic, behavioral, psychological, and medical correlates of pain trends. Regression and decomposition analyses of joint, low back, neck, facial/jaw pain, and headache/migraine using the 2002–2018 National Health Interview Survey for adults aged 25–84 (N = 441,707) assess the trends and their correlates. We find extensive escalation of pain prevalence in all population subgroups: overall, reports of pain in at least one site increased by 10%, representing an additional 10.5 million adults experiencing pain. Socioeconomic disparities in pain are widening over time, and psychological distress and health behaviors are among the salient correlates of the trends. This study thus comprehensively documents rising pain prevalence among Americans across the adult life span and highlights socioeconomic, behavioral, and psychological factors as important correlates of the trends. Chronic pain is an important dimension of population health, and demographic research should include it when studying health and health disparities.


Objective To investigate the feasibility and efficacy of using the poly(DL-lactic-glycolic acid)/tricalcium phosphate(PLGA/TCP)scaffolds loaded with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2(rhBMP-2)chitosan microspheres to treat bone defects in rabbits.Methods The rhBMP-2 chitosan microspheres were incorporated into the PLGA/TCP scaffold.The composites of rhBMP-2 microspheres and the PLGA/TCP were then used to bridge the bone defects(diameter: 0.6 cm,depth: 1.0 cm)at the condyle of the left femur in rabbits.Altogether 45 rabbits were randomized into 5 groups in the present study.In group A(n = 10)the defects were not treated.The PLGA scaffold was used in group B(n = 10),the rhBMP-2/PLGA scaffold in group C(n = 10),and the rhBMP-2 micorsphere/PLGA scaffold in group D(n = 10).Group E(n = 5)was the normal control.Ⅹ-ray,Micro-CT and histological studies were conducted to identify new bone formation in groups A to D at 4 and 12 weeks after surgery.Results At 4 weeks postoperatively,plenty new bone and mature trabecular bone were observed,and most of the PLGA/TCP scaffolds were degraded in group D.At 12 weeks postoperatively,the PLGA/TCP scaffolds and chitosan microspheres were completely degraded,and the bone defects were filled with mature bone in group D.In addition,the ratio of new bone formation was significantly higher in group D(74.25%±8.91%)than in group B(5.78% ±1.21%)and group C(37.26% ±6.45%)(P < 0.05).Conclusion The PLGA/TCP composites loaded with rhBMP-2 microspheres are effective in stimulating new bone formation when used to bridge bone defects in rabbits,highlighting their potential application in clinical settings.

Key words:
Bone morphogenetic proteins; Femur; Chitosan; Tissue engineering; Bone defect


Objective To review the clinical management of the radial nerve palsy (RNP) associated with humeral shaft fractures via systematically reviewing the published available articles, and develope an algorithm to guide management for RNP. Methods Using PubMed, Datastar and Cochrane Database, web based databases were searched for radial nerve palsy associated with humeral shaft fractures in the past 40 years, and manual searches of the bibliographic sections of electronically identified papers were done to identify further papers. Meticulous data extraction and meta-analysis was performed according to a preset protocol. Results In 391 citations initially identified, 35 papers, which included a total of 1045 RNP patients, met all eligibility criteria. The overall RNP incidence after humeral shaft fractures in 21 papers was 11.8% (532/4517). The incidence of RNP in middle 1/5 and middle-distal 1/5 of the humeral shaft fracture was significantly higher than that in other parts. Transverse and spiral fractures were more likely to sustain RNP than oblique and comminuted fracture patterns(P 0.0001). The overall recovery rate of RNP was 88.1%, with a general rate of spontaneously recovery reaching 70.7% in conservatively treated patients. There was no significant difference in the final recovery results when comparing groups initially managed expectantly with those explored early. Conclusion Initial conservative treatment of RNP associated with humeral shaft fracture would not adversely affect the extent of nerve recovery and could avoid many unnecessary operations.


In today's wireless communications, the need to consider the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of individual users is gaining widespread acceptance. Previous work showed that an OFDMA spectrum sharing network solution based on semi-smart antennas gave a performance improvement of around 10% in terms of the number of qualified users. Optimization of the semi-smart antenna radiation patterns using Genetic Algorithm produced a dynamic cell boundary and flexible cell coverage. However in a realistic network, it is not sensible to expect cell boundaries to change rapidly as this would lead to increased handovers and signalling. In this paper the optimization approach is tested with users moving as movement would lead to the greatest likelihood of patterns changing and hence increased handovers to research when to change antenna pattern with user movement. This paper proposes a periodic optimization scheme that is found to lead to a significant improvement in the ratio of qualified users.


Liposomal compositions containing green porphyrins as photosensitizers are improved by enhancing the ratio of phospholipid to photosensitizer and by conducting the hydration an sizing of the liposomes in the composition at low temperature.


The article deals with the main problems of choosing fabrics in the development of special clothing for workers employed in agriculture in industries associated with increased microbial contamination and indoor air humidity. To determine the number of microorganisms in the material of special clothing, we proposed a method that can significantly reduce the complexity of sampling through the use of non-destructive testing, the use of small-sized equipment and the repeated use of the Peltier element to obtain condensate.


The traditional approaches used for the development of expert systems are mainly based on the interaction between the knowledge engineer and domain expert .However, the role of user in development process has been undetermined. This paper represents the problem of the users which are not familiar with compiler, at the time of execution of source code. The source code have specific piece of information code written in a programming language L for which there is an interpreter, compiler, linker and editor .After execution of source code define in any language will provide standard error messages that can not be easily understandable by every users. The actual knowledge based software maintenance system carries out essentially error diagnosis and messages that are not user friendly, so the designed expert system will provide a user friendly help messages for beginners. Domain is specified as error messages of C compiler.


Objective:To observe the dynamic change of nitric oxide(NO)content and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) during radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rabbits.Methods:The left lungs of 20 rabbits were irradiated with 6 MV X-rays,with the radiation dose of 25 Gy.The rabbits were killed before and 1,3,and 6 months after the radiation,respectively.Alveolar lavage of the left lung was performed before the rabbits were killed,and the content of NO in the alveolar lavage fluid was measured by cadmium-copper reduction.The expression of iNOS in the lung was detected by immunohistochemical method.Results:The content of NO significantly increased 1 month after the radiation and significantly decreased from 3 to 6 months after the radiation.The number of pulmonary interstitial cells positive for iNOS increased remarkably 1 month after the radiation,but no expression of iNOS was found in the pulmonary interstitial cells before and 3 and 6 months after the radiation.Conclusion:NO may be an independent factor in the process of radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis,and the change of NO content is correlated with the activity of iNOS.


Consider a convex set S = {x ∈ D : G(x) o 0} where G(x) is a symmetric matrix whose every entry is a polynomial or rational function, D ⊆ R is a domain on which G(x) is defined, and G(x) o 0 means G(x) is positive semidefinite. The set S is called semidefinite representable if it equals the projection of a higher dimensional set which is defined by a linear matrix inequality (LMI). This paper studies sufficient conditions guaranteeing semidefinite representability of S. We prove that S is semidefinite representable in the following cases: (i) D = R, G(x) is a matrix polynomial and matrix sos-concave; (ii) D is compact convex, G(x) is a matrix polynomial and strictly matrix concave on D; (iii) G(x) is a matrix rational function and q-module matrix concave on D. Explicit constructions of semidefinite representations are given. Some examples are illustrated.


Dear Dr Birrell Re: Redsell S, Bains KK, Le Broq S, Bucks RS, Byrne-Davis L, Gray L, Hotham S, Hennessy M, Kyle TK, McPherson A, Quigley F, Vicari M, Zinn SR. Concerns regarding "Association between intelligence quotient and obesity in England" and unjustifiable harm to people in bigger bodies. Lifestyle Medicine 2021. We thank Redsell and colleagues for preparing a comment on our important work surrounding the cross-sectional association between intelligence quotient (IQ) and obesity, while adjusting for sex, age, ethnicity, marital status, qualification, employment, income, chronic physical conditions, loneliness, social support, stressful life events, smoking status, alcohol dependence, drug use, and commonmental disorders.


Objective To explore the association between apolipoprotein E gene and Alzheimer′s Disease in a community dwelling elderly population in Shanghai Methods The polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques were used to count the distribution of genotype, gene frequency and gene doses of the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) alleles in 63 cases with Alzheimer′s Disease(AD), 35 cases with vascular dementia(VD),71 cases with questionable dementia(QD) and 369 normal cases as control(CTR) The association between AD and ApoE gene polymorphism was analyzed Results (1) The patient with ApoE e 4 allel ( 47 6%) and gene frequency (26 2%±3 9%)of ApoE e 4 in AD group were significantly higher than that of CTR group [20 9% and (10 5±1 1)%] respectively ( P 0 01); (2) With the increment of e 4 gene dose, the incidence of the AD was significantly increased; (3) Comparing with the CTR group, apoE e 4 was more observed in AD group with the odds ratio( OR ) of 2 28 ( P 0 05,95% CI :1 32~3 97), and ARP was 56% Conclusion It indicates that ApoE e 4 allele gene is a risk factor for AD


The Ultra Weak Variational Formulation (UWVF) of the Helmholtz equation provides a variational framework suitable for discretization using plane wave solutions of the adjoint of the underlying equation. Currently convergence of the method is only proved on the boundary of the domain. However substantial computational evidence exists that shows that the method also converges throughout the domain of the Helmholtz equation. In this paper we exploit the fact that the UWVF is essentially an upwind discontinuous Galerkin method to prove convergence of the solution in the special case where there is no absorbing medium present. We also provide some estimates in the case when absorption is present, and some simple numerical results to test the estimates. We expect that similar techniques can be used to prove error estimates for the UWVF applied to Maxwell's equations and elasticity. The dates will be set by the publisher.


In order to solve the problem of model nonlinearity and strong external disturbance of rehabilitation robot. This paper presents a sliding mode control algorithm for upper limb rehabilitation robot based on fuzzy compensation. First of all, the upper limb rehabilitation robot dynamics equation modeling is introduced, then, analyses the upper limb rehabilitation robot based on fuzzy compensation the derivation process of the sliding mode control algorithm, and according to the Lyapunov stability criterion, system stability is proved. Finally, the case simulation is carried out on the basis of the existing upper limb rehabilitation robot model, and the simulation results are compared with those of ordinary PD controller. Simulation results show that the control algorithm has better robustness and tracking accuracy when the parameters of the joint robot are uncertain and there are forces and external disturbances imposed by the motion of the patient. The proposed method can meet the training needs of paralyzed patients.


The accelerating gradient measured in laser or electron driven wakefield accelerators can be in the range of 10-100GV/m, which is 2-3 orders of magnitude larger than can be achieved by conventional RF-based particle accelerators. However, the beam quality preservation is still an important problem to be tackled to ensure the practicality of this technology. In this global picture, the main goals of this study are planning and coordinating a physics program, the so-called iMPACT, that addresses issues such as emittance growth mechanisms in the transverse and longitudinal planes through scattering from the plasma particles, minimisation of the energy spread and maximising the energy gain while benchmarking the milestones. In this paper, a summary and planning of the project is introduced and initial multi-bunch simulations were presented.


The article is devoted to the methods of studying the Central Asian ancient nomad costume. Some articles devoted to the problems of using methods of natural sciences to research the costume wore by nomadic societies in Late Antiquity appear in scientific publications. Special attention is paid to preservation, restoration and reconstruction in studying pieces of clothes from burials. In modern researches original reconstructions of costumes belong to people inhabited the Central Asia in the Antiquity and in the Middle Ages are presented using archaeological, written and visual sources.


The adhesion and flowability of powders are measured by tamping vibration.The properties of the powders depend on the particle size,the morphology and surface area of the powders.


A new approach to the fusion of multifocus images based on wavelet transform is proposed to solve the problem that some parts of the images are blurred because of the different focus points. The images are firstly decomposed by using wavelet transform,and then the low and high frequency coefficients are fused by using different fusion strategies: the low frequency coefficient is fused with a rule weighted average of energy,while the high frequency coefficient is processed with the regional grads. After that the fused image is obtained by inverse wavelet transform. Experiments prove that the fused image obtained by the method has a better subjective visual effect and objective evaluation criteria,thus attaining a better result than other traditional fusion methods.


Abstract Thirty four flavone aglycones isolated from herbs and spices were analysed by MECC on fused silica capillaries with sodium borate buffers and SDS micelles. Addition of organic solvents was necessary to improve the separation. However, when methanol was used, either as a sample solvent or as a constituent of the buffer, the most hydrophobic flavones appeared as double or triple peaks in the electropherograms. These double peaks disappeared when acetonitrile was used instead of methanol. The best separation was obtained with buffers containing acetonitrile when samples were dissolved in the same running buffer. In the separation of these flavones, in addition to the hydrophobic interaction with micelles, the ionization of phenolic hydroxyls and the borate complexation had some effect in the migration order of the molecules. A correlation between the migration order in MECC and the elution order previously reported for reversed-phase HPLC analyses was generally observed.


Charles S. Peirce's late-nineteenth-century semiotic theory has long been considered one of the key frameworks for analysing the photograph as a visual sign. This article, however, proposes a closer look at Peirce's contemporaneous philosophy of pragmatism as a fundamental component of the visual, cultural, and intellectual context within which the photographic halftone first emerged. When, exactly, did it begin to matter if a photographic image made up of a certain arrangement of graphic marks was read differently from a photographic image made up of a different arrangement of graphic marks? Such pragmatist questions were crucial to the early reception of halftone reproductions, which were often integrated into illustrated magazines as simply one element within an already diverse array of graphic codes. Turning to Jacob Riis's How the Other Half Lives (1890) as a case study, this article argues that reading the halftone as a chiefly photographic sign was not in fact an inevitable outcome of its introduction into the illustrated press in the 1880s and 1890s, but required instead a constant negotiation of both visual and conceptual imprecision – an imprecision eventually smoothed over in favour of an association of halftone technology with photographic ontology by the early twentieth century.


Esophageal cancer (EC) is categorized histologically to two common groups; adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas, with high incidence and mortality worldwide. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the most prevalent (more than 90%) form of all EC cases in Golestan province. Golestan province, as the high-risk province for ESCC, is located in the eastern part of the Caspian littoral area of Iran, although in the last decades, the occurrence rates have decreased in this area. Tobacco smoking, opium consumption, low oral hygiene, drinking hot liquids, insufficient intake of fresh fruits and vegetables, and poor socioeconomic status increase the risk of ESCC in Golestan, although exposure to infections and toxic chemical compounds are also reported. Here, we summarize the previous epidemiological studies from 1970 to 2019 that have investigated the risk factors involved in ESCC in this high-risk area. More prospective cohort studies are required to assess the risk factors, categorize high-risk peoples, and evaluate early detection and involved mechanisms.


Two techniques of venous occlusion pressure plethysmography were examined experimentally in the human upper limb. The first was the classical method, in which external pressure is applied to the limb solely by way of the plethysmograph. In the second, the entire upper limb including the plethysmograph and venous occlusion cuff was enclosed in a box within which the air pressure could be raised. For each method the predictability of perfusion pressure was estimated by measuring local tissue pressure, venous pressure and arterial pressure. Artifacts in the recording of blood flow were also sought. In the first method there was a nonuniform increase in tissue pressure, venous pressure and probably arterial pressure. The changes were uniform and predictable in the second. Flow cessation pressure was 19 to 36 mm Hg in the warm hand and 13 to 30 mm Hg in the forearm using the first method. It was less than 10 mm Hg with the other method. It is suggested that the second technique offers a method for reexamining pressure-flow relations in the human upper limb under more precisely controlled conditions than hitherto.


Studies have shown how women are underrepresented in senior executive positions in public and private organizations. Equal representation matters both for reasons of performance and legitimacy, and to understand the mechanisms behind the glass ceiling, we explore if the women making it to the top of the Danish civil service differ from the men who do so. We want to understand if senior executive positions require something different of women than men. Using a dataset consisting of the entire career trajectory of all senior civil servants in Denmark, we find that, on numerous human capital dimensions, the women and men making it to the top are quite similar, e.g. in terms of tenure and educational level However, we find on the one hand that men are more often employed in the most prestigious departments and at the same time, it seems that men with a profile deviating from the norm are more likely to make it to the top than women. This may indicate that the most prestigious positions – also in terms of early-career positions – are less accessible to women, and that women are less willing to apply for jobs outside their usual domain, or that those responsible for recruitment are less willing to take a chance on a woman with a slightly unorthodox profile. Hence, our study indicates that greater interest should be paid to the dynamics keeping women at lower levels of the hierarchy and possibly to encourage them to apply for top positions.


Background : Acute exercise modulates the immune response in healthy individuals; however, it effect on asthmatic patients remains unknown. Objective : To evaluate the effects of an acute high intensity exercise on systemic inflammatory mediators in patients. Methods : Thirty-nine patients with moderate or severe asthma under medical treatment and clinically stable ( 1 =76.8± 21.4% predicted). All patients were submitted to one bout of at high intensity exercise (80% of VO 2 max) in a treadmill. A venous blood was collected at rest, immediately after and one hour after the exercise and serum cytokines (interleukin-5 (IL-5), IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10) were measured by using cytometric beat array method (BD Biosciences, CA, USA). Results : Immediately after the exercise bout, asthmatic patients demonstrated a significant increase in plasma cytokines compared to rest IL-5 (246±308 vs. 95±104 fg.mL -1 ), IL-6 (449±559 vs. 194±196 fg.mL -1 ), IL-8 (3.3±1.6 vs. 1.8±1 pg.mL -1 ) and IL-10 (102±83 vs. 38±62 fg.mL -1 ) (p 0.05); however, the levels of IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, remained at higher levels compared with rest values (81±92 vs. 38±62 fg.mL -1 ,p Conclusion : One bout of high intensity exercise induced a persistent increase in the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine and a transitory increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokines. These results reinforce the relevance of exercise to modulate inflammation in asthmatic patients.


Introduction Local ischemia in the heart during myocardial infarction will result in massive cell death of rhythmically contracting cardiomyocytes. Unfortunately, regeneration of cardiomyocytes is rare and during left ventricular (LV) remodeling affected tissue is replaced by non-contractile fibrotic tissue. Stem cell-based therapies can either provide the heart with new functional cardiomyocytes or exert paracrine effects, thereby positively affecting LV remodeling [1]. In this study, the global effects of skeletal myoblast (SM) and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation on infarcted mouse hearts were determined noninvasively with in vivo contrast enhanced cardiac MRI. Both cell types were isolated from Swiss mice to enable a direct comparison. Methods Myocardial infarction was induced in male Swiss mice by either cryoinjury or permanent occlusion (ligation) of the left coronary artery, immediately followed by injection of PBS (sham) or 2·10 GFP-positive SM or MSC in the centre of the infarction [2]. Cells were isolated from 17.5d embryos and adult mice respectively. Non-operated Swiss mice served as controls. Each group consisted of 1-4 mice. After 14 days, longand short-axis ECG and respiratory triggered CINE FLASH images (TE/TR/α/NEX/FOV/matrix = 1.8ms/7ms/15/6/3x3cm/ 192x192) were acquired at 9.4T to determine LV global functional parameters. Infarct size was assessed on T1w short-axis multislice FLASH images (TR/α/slice thickness = 63ms/60/1mm) acquired before and up to 30min after the injection of 0.3mmol Gd-DTPA/kg. Data analysis was performed with CAAS-MRV FARM software (Pie Medical Imaging). Results Two weeks after the induction of myocardial infarction, infarct size was reduced by transplantation of either SM and MSC in both cryoinjured and permanently occluded hearts (figures 1&2). Ejection fractions (EF), end-diastolic and -systolic volumes (EDV and ESV, respectively) were improved in all treatment groups, except for mice with cryoinjury transplanted with SM. However, all functional parameters were still impaired compared to control mice. End-diastolic mass was decreased by ~17% in mice with permanent occlusion transplanted with SM or MSC, whereas only a minor decrease was found in mice with cryoinjury (not shown). Therapy was most effective in mice with permanent occlusion, where relative infarct size was decreased by 13.8% and 34.5% after transplantation of SM and MSC respectively. This was accompanied by an increase in EF of 24.8% and 63.6%, achieved by a reduction in EDV and ESV of 30-40%.


The distribution of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), organ specific colonic antigen (C) and two pepsinogens (P) was studied in the peritumorous mucosa and in the tumours (one carcinoid and 3 adenomas) in the stomach of a patient, that had undergone the Bilroth-II resection 10 years before. No antigens were found in the carcinoid. C-antigen was found in the adenomas. The peritumorous gastric mucosa, morphologically not changed contained P, but not C and CEA. Mucosal areas adjacent to the adenomas had dysplastic or metaplastic changes, contained CEA and C, but didn't contain P.


Soil hygiene is a key pillar for successful and sustainable crop production, particularly in high-value and intensive crops, where limited options for pest and disease control are available, especially against nematodes. Certis Europe, from its establishment in 2001, has been focused on IPM solutions and started the CleanStart(TM) programme, fully dedicated to soil pest management. CleanStart(TM) is the integrated portfolio of tools and solutions that Certis provides to high-value crop growers aiming to optimise their soil environment and ensure the cultivation of healthy crops. In line with IPM principles, CleanStart(TM) offers a combination of chemical, biological, physical and agronomic tools for soil disinfestation resulting in a reduced need for other post-planting treatments. Certis' portfolio of soil treatment products includes Basamid (dazomet), Monam (metam sodium), Mocap (ethoprophos), Jet 5 (peracetic acid), as well as biological products such as Tusal (Trichoderma spp.), and other biopesticides under development, which are distributed under the CleanStart(TM) brand. Dimethyl Disulfide (DMDS) will be also part of Certis' future CleanStart(TM) portfolio in the future in two formulations: EC (94.1%) for drip irrigation in protected crops and open field, and AL (99.1%) for shank application in field crops. Alongside CleanStart(TM), a pan-European fumigation stewardship program has been developed to support sustainable soil fumigation practice followed by appropriate measures to ensure safe use by minimizing the product's impact on the environment and human health. Within the framework of the CleanStart(TM) programme, Certis has started a communication campaign based on a regional research and exchange programme dealing with sustainable fumigation strategies and involving key experts from southern European countries.


In this paper we consider the coupled Lotka-Volterra competition-diffusion interaction model. We employ the concept of Lie group theory in constructing the Lie generator, developed the k order prolongation of the generator of the coupled system. The invariant solution and the new symmetry solutions of the coupled Lotka-Volterra competition-diffusion system are obtained when the diffusive coefficients are equal. The group transformations of solutions of the system are also presented.


A solution for uniquely identifying any sensor connected to an evaluation unit without direct electrical connection to the existing measurement line is presented. The proposed solution is compatible with existing measurement systems, operates completely passive, and withstands temperatures up to 400°C as well as shocks up to 3500 g. The identification tag itself, which carries a unique serial number, is realized by a high-temperature stable surface acoustic wave (SAW) device. A low-cost radio frequency (RF) interrogation unit, which shares the existing sensor cable, is used for reading the sensor identification number.


Background: To evaluate the prevalence of myopia in school students in Urumqi, China, and explore the in�uence of the interaction between parental myopia and poor reading and writing habits on myopia to identify the at-risk population and provide evidence to help school students avoid developing myopia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 6,883 school students aged 7–20 years in Urumqi in December 2019. The Standard Eye Chart and mydriatic optometry were used to determine whether students had myopia. Falconer's method was used to calculate the heritability of parental myopia. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression models were used to analyze the risk factors for myopia and the additive and multiplicative interaction of parental myopia and poor reading and writing habits.


Conditions are established for the occurrence of a transition from FM operation to pulsed output in short external-cavity FM semiconductor lasers. It is shown that there are dual operating points around which FM operation is possible. The position of the modulation frequency in relation to these two FM operating frequencies determines the type of behavior exhibited by the configuration. In particular, pulsed and mixed pulsed-FM behavior is observed when the modulation frequency is between the two possible FM operating frequencies.


Summary Some preliminary experiments are first described relating to the determination of the variable specific heat function for highly superheated steam. It is emphasized that the neglect of any explicit incorporation of such a function in the thermodynamic equations for vapours obscures the reasons for many otherwise apparently anomalous results. The experimental data so far obtained are few, owing to difficulties encountered in the experimental method, but they indicate the probable existence of an inflexion point on the constant-pressure specific heat-temperature curve at the critical temperature. An analytical investigation into the problem of incorporating the variable specific heat function into the equations of state for gases and vapours occupies the into the equations of state for gases and vapours occupies the latter portion of the paper. By a combination of fundamental thermodynamic relations with the most probable adiabetic relation for gases and vapours, as revealed by experiment, an equati...


AUTHOR Ludlow, Barbara L.; Wienke, Wilfred D. TITLE An On-the7Job Training Program for Rural Teachers of Students with Severe/Profound Handicaps. PUB DATE Mar 87 NOTE 19p.; In: Linking Programs and Resources for Rural Special Education. Proceedings of the Annual National Conference of the American Council on Rural Special Education; see EC 202 583. PUB TYPE Speeches/Conference Papers (150) Reports Descriptive (141)


This paper seeks to analyze the effect of education, experience and age on the salary of formal workers in the tourism industry for the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. It also investigates possible wage disparities between men and women, and discrimination by race/color, using the RAIS microdata 2006 e 2016 (Ministry of Economy). The results obtained in the regressions by Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and OLS with robust correction were mostly statistically significant. Education, age and experience had the expected positive signs. Ceteris paribus, from the estimates, it was found that, on average, women receive lower wages than men in formal jobs in tourism industry; but a significant wage difference by race/color was not verified for the cross-section performed.


The aim was to measure concentrations of total mercury, total arsenic, lead and cadmium in common edible fresh fish and shellfish from various areas of the Adriatic Sea. Estimates of intake of these elements were made through seafood consumption by the general population. Samples were either wet digested for mercury and arsenic, or dry ashed for lead and cadmium analysis. Mercury was measured by cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry (CV AAS) and arsenic, lead and cadmium by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET AAS). Quality control procedures of analytical methods, which included analyses of dogfish muscle-certified reference material DORM-2, confirmed the acceptability of methods. The highest mercury and arsenic concentrations were found in hake (Merluccius merluccius) and the lowest in mackerel (Scomber scombrus). The respective values in hake were 0.373 ± 0.075 and 23.3 ± 3.6, and in mackerel 0.153 ± 0.028 and 1.06 ± 0.29 mg kg-1 fresh weight (mean ± SD). Lead and cadmium concentrations were about 10 times higher in shellfish than in analysed fish. The highest lead and cadmium concentrations were found in mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and the lowest in hake. Respective lead and cadmium values in mussel were 0.150 ± 0.009 and 0.142 ± 0.017, and in hake were 0.007 ± 0.004 and 0.002 ± 0.001 mg kg-1 fresh weight. The concentrations of analysed elements were below acceptable levels for human consumption set by the Croatian Ministry of Health, except for total arsenic. The estimated intake of those trace elements included in this study through seafood consumption by the general population did not exceed the provisional tolerable weekly intake recommended by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.


Seventy-nine prespawning adult Nephelopsis obscura were isolated in laboratory culture for observation of reproductive behavior and assessment of cocoon production, length of spawning period and details of hatching and emergence. Results show that laboratory-held leeches mate, deposit cocoons and exhibit life cycle characteristics in concert with local wild populations. Comparisons are made with previous field studies of N. obscura and noticeable differences reported for pre-spawning weights and fecundity. Details of spermatophore implantation, cocoon deposition and fecundity are previously unpublished for this species in culture.


This study examined the relationship between students' verbal abilities and the memorial benefits of assuming either a teacher or a learner role during a cooperative learning interaction. College students studied a text on human biology and were then randomly assigned to either a teacher or a learner role. Next, par ticipants were paired with a same-sex peer who was assigned the opposite role; the pair then cooperatively studied the information. One day later, students completed a series of tests to assess their memories of the material. Results suggest that high ver bal ability participants benefited more by assuming the learner's role, whereas low verbal ability participants tended to benefit more from assuming the role of a teacher. DURING COOPERATIVE LEARNING INTERACTIONS, students share ideas and resources in order to maximize their understanding of new information (Johnson & Johnson, 1989). When these interactions are un scripted, high ability students tend to assume a teacher's role (i.e., they summarize and explain the material to peers and answer peers' questions about the information; Slavin & Karweit, 1984). Low ability students, on the other hand, tend to assume the role of a learner (i.e., they listen to peers' summaries of the information, compare what they know with the informa tion being presented by peers, and ask questions about parts of the material that are initially unclear; Webb, 1982). A review of the cooperative learning literature (see Johnson & Johnson, 1989), however, indicates that research has yet to examine whether assuming these roles optimally benefits students in terms of their academic performance. The results of related research on peer tutoring are mixed and suggest that under certain conditions both high and low ability students can benefit from serving as either tutors or tutees. There is a great deal of evidence that both high and low ability students benefit from peer-tutoring episodes when high


There were 128,700 cases in Lima and 2382 deaths due to COVID-19. The case fatality rate was 1.93%. Previous exposure to PM2.5 (2010-2016


The variational theory of momentum dependent local-ansatz (MLA) has been generalized by introducing a hybrid (HB) wavefunction as a starting wavefunction, whose potential can flexibly change from the Hartree–Fock type to the alloy-analogy type by varying a weighting factor from zero to one. Numerical results based on the half-filled band Hubbard model on the hypercubic lattice in infinite dimensions show up that the new wavefunction yields the ground-state energy lower than that of the Gutzwiller wavefunction (GW) in the whole Coulomb interaction regime. Calculated double occupation number is smaller than the result of the GW in the weak Coulomb interaction regime, and remains finite in the strong regime. Furthermore, the momentum distribution shows a distinct momentum dependence, which is qualitatively different from that of the GW.


In this paper, the authors attempt to control induction motors with high dynamic performance by means of decoupling of motor speed and rotor flux. For power efficiency control or field weakening, the rotor flux may be reduced at light loads. Motor inductances depend on rotor flux but not on machine temperature. So, if the rotor flux is to be changed for power efficiency control or field weakening, the motor inductances should be changed according to the rotor flux commands. On the other hand, rotor resistance varies greatly with the machine temperature. The authors present novel identification algorithms for motor inductances and rotor resistance. Their identification algorithms are computationally simple and have very small identification errors. To demonstrate the practical significance of their results, they present some simulation results as well as mathematical analysis.


At high buoyancy-to-inertia ratio frequently encountered in various heat transfer equipment, the buoyancy-driven secondary vortex flow in a forced laminar flow through a bottom heated rectangular duct is rather unstable. Heat transfer augmentation associated with the buoyancy-driven vortex flow is desirable and welcome in many technological applications in which the efficient energy transport is of major concern. Here, stabilization of the buoyancy-driven unstable mixed convective vortex air flow in a bottom heated rectangular duct by tapering its top plate is investigated experimentally. Specifically, the duct is tapered so that its aspect ratio at the duct inlet is 4 and gradually raised to 12 at the exit of the duct. In the study the secondary flow in the duct is visualized and the steady and transient thermal characteristics of the flow are examined by measuring the spanwise distributions of the time-average temperature. The effects of the Reynolds and Grashof numbers on the vortex flow structure are studied in detail. Moreover, the spanwise-averaged Nusselt numbers for the horizontal rectangular and tapering ducts are also measured and compared. Furthermore, the time records of the air temperature are obtained to further detect the temporal stability of the flow. Over the ranges of the Remore » and Gr investigated for 5 {le} Re {le} 102 and 1.0 x 10{sup 4} {le} Gr {le} 1.7 x 10{sup 5}, the vortex flow induced in the rectangular duct exhibits temporal transition from a steady laminar to time periodic and then to chaotic state at increasing buoyancy-to-inertia ratio. Substantial change in the spatial structure of the vortex flow is also noted to accompany this temporal transition. The results for the tapering duct indicate that more vortex rolls can be induced due to the increase in the aspect ratio of the duct with the axial distance. But the vortex rolls are weaker and are completely stabilized by the tapering of the top plate.« less


Aims: Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) is associated with many human malignancies. It is implicated in a pathogenetic role in some of these tumours. Two subtypes, type A and B have been identified on the basis of DNA sequence divergence in the nuclear protein genes (EBNA) 2, 3, 4 and 6. They differ in their transforming efficiency and prevalence pattern in different geographical locations. We aimed to identify the virus subtype infection pattern in our EBV‐associated diseases. Methods: Paraffin‐embedded tissue from 38 lymphomas (17 Hodgkin's, 14 Burkitt's, four T cell and 3 B cell non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas) and 14 nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) were studied, with 12 reactive lymph nodes and tonsils as normal control. EBER in situ hybridisation was performed to confirm EBV association in the tumour cells. A nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol was employed using two pairs of consensus primers which flanked a 105‐bp deletion in the type A virus. U2 region encoding for EBNA‐2 was chosen as the target of amplification, with cell lines B95.8 and AG876 serving as positive controls for types A and B virus, respectively. Results: All cases showed presence of type A virus, consistently detected with nested PCR protocol but not with single step PCR. There was no type B virus or mix infections detected. Conclusions: Nested PCR technique has successfully increased the sensitivity of EBV subtype detection, and type A virus is the prevalent strain associated with human diseases in Malaysia.


Environmental pollution and new energy development have become topics of increasing concern. Herein, a visible-light-driven photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) with double photoelectrodes was constructed for simultaneous electricity generation and pollutant degradation, in which graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) generated on W/WO3 nanorod arrays (W/WNR/g-C3N4) was used as the photoanode and Fe3+-doped CuBi2O4 thin film on indium tin oxide (ITO) conductive glass (ITO/CBFeO) was used as the photocathode. The experimental results showed that the WO3/g-C3N4 Z-scheme structure and one-dimensional WNR rod-like structure could effectively suppress the recombination of photogenerated charge carriers and enable W/WNR/g-C3N4 to present a good photocurrent response under visible light irradiation. The Fermi level mismatch between the W/WNR/g-C3N4 photoanode and ITO/CBFeO photocathode could improve the transfer of photogenerated electrons from the photoanode to the photocathode across the external circuit, enabling the constructed PFC to afford high electricity output and good efficiency for pollutant degradation. The short-circuit current density and maximum power density could reach 620 μA cm−2 and 110 μW cm−2, respectively, while the degradation ratio of oxytetracycline reached 97.6% in 90 min. Therefore, the proposed PFC system provides a new way to generate electric energy and degrade pollutants simultaneously.


The role of the amino acids' transamination in the tissues of fish (Cyprinus carpio L.) and mollusk (Unio pictorum L.) in homeostasis of protein metabolism under the impact of 2 and 5 maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) of Mn2+, Zn2+, Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions was studied. Changes in the aspartate amino-transferase (AsAT) and alanine aminotransferase (AlAT) activity under toxic impact were species-specific and depend on nature and concentration of metal in water, tissular and cellular localization of enzymes.
Impact of all metals, except for Cu, caused increase of mitochondrial AsAT activity in liver and muscles of carp. Exposure to sublethal concentrations of Zn2+, Cu2+, and Pb2+ ions also resulted in AsAT activation in the mitochondria of mollusk's tissues. AlAT activity in the cytoplasmic fraction of muscles and liver of both hydrobionts increased under the impact 5 MPC of all metal ions and decreased under 2 MPC. Changes of AlAT activity in mitochondria and AsAT in cytoplasm of both fish and mollusk under the impact of 2 MPC were multidirectional and determined by metal and its concentration.
The transaminases' role in adaptation of the aquatic animals to the impact of heavy metal ions consists in redistribution of amino acid reserves in order to use some for ammonia detoxification (glutamate, aspartate), and others (keto acids) for energy producing to counteract the stress factor. Changes in transaminases' activity reflect the state of the organism under the impact of elevated concentrations of heavy metal ions, characterize degree of the considered hydrobionts resistance to pollution, and can also be used to predict changes in biocenoses in the contaminated areas.


We explore the use of software metrics tools to guide software maintenance decisions. A senior undergraduate class was given a copy of QUIPU, an implementation of the X.500 directory standard, and asked to determine which component of the system would be the best to rewrite in order to improve the overall quality of the entire software system. We describe the course structure and the information and tools provided to the students. The primary tool used by the students was Rigi, a program understanding tool. We present the methodology and results of one of the successful groups of students. Based on the experiences of the students, we conclude with suggestions for tool designers.


The problem of breaking the gauge symmetry for lattice gauge theories with the U(N) gauge group in the limit N..-->..infinity is discussed. It is shown that the breakdown of the gauge symmetry proved recently to occur in two dimensions occurs in higher dimensions. Some aspects of this phenomenon are clarified.


Objective:To explore the mechanism heat-clearing and detoxicating method and removing heat to cool blood method on cell factor in mice with endotoxemia.Methods: Endotoxemia model was induced by injection of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)(2.5mg/kg)via tail veins in mice,the change of the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-4,IL-10,and pathomorphology in lung of model control group,heat-clearing and detoxicating group,removing heat to cool blood group were observed.Results:Compared with the normal group,the levels of TNF-α,IL-6,IL-4,IL-10 in lung tissue and index number in lung of model control group increased after 5 hours;And the injury and cellular infiltration in the pulmonary stroma and alveoli were prominent in the model group;Compared with model group,heat-clearing and detoxicating group and removing heat to cool blood group can decrease the levels of TNF-α,IL-6,the index number in lung and incresae the levels of IL-4,IL-10 in lung tissue.And the histopathological changes were significantly milder in the heat-clearing and detoxicating group and removing heat to cool blood group.Conclusion: The heat-clearing and detoxicating group and removing heat to cool blood group have protective effects to lung injury in mice with endotoxemia,the mechanism may be adjust the balance of cytokines in lung tissue.


In this session, in many ways a follow-up to last year's Atla session "Proposing a TEI-Encoding Project for the Wesley Works," we introduced participants to the principles of text encoding with XML/TEI. While last year we discussed the rationale for using TEI to create a digital version of the Bicentennial Edition of the Works of John Wesley, as well as our plans for orchestrating such a large-scale project, this year we will offer introductory, hands-on training in TEI. Workshop participants will begin with the basics of text encoding common to any TEI project, then move on to a description of how the Wesley Works Digital Edition, specifically, has adopted and adapted these principles to meet its goal of creating a digital version of the Bicentennial Edition of the Works of John Wesley.


People are attack of producing numerous facial exercises all through correspondence that change done multifaceted nature, power, and Furthermore significance. This paper reason might be will recall humankind's sentiments As far as glad, dismal, disturb, and shock, unprejudiced. In this paper, A framework for limitation And extraction about faces Also trademark facial highlights for instance, to such an extent that eyes, mouth Furthermore confront limits beginning with shade picture data will be proposed. This methodology abuses shade properties from guaranteeing human skin with keep picture areas confront hopefuls. Those facial Characteristics extraction might be performed best for preselected confront competitor regions. Moreover, for eyes and mouth confinement shade information and close-by contrast keeping around eyes would use. In Existing work Represent the ability of distinguishing the false acknowledgment rate is 18% while the false dismissal rate is simply 5% and my methodology has the capacity of recognizing the false acknowledgment rate is 14.5% while the false dismissal rate is simply 7.66%. In above outcome creator figure result physically. Index Terms Feeling Recognition, Facial Outflow Recognition, Face Detection, Characteristic Extraction.


The inheritance of grain protein in ordinary corn has been reported by many workers, but not in opaque-2 corn. The purpose of this study is to investigate the gene effects for grain protein of opaque-2 corn in order to provide information for breeding high protein opaque-2 corn. The high protein parent with protein content 17% was a selfing line of Illinios High Protein o2 corn (IHPo2) and three low protein o2 parents, TA 604, TA 606 and TA 614 were inbreds developed by the Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute with protein content ranging from 12.6% to 14.7%. Three crosses, IHPo2 × TA 604, IHPo2 x TA 606, and IHPo2 × TA 614 and their reciprocals were made. The grains of F1, F2 and BCs, populations for protein analysis were obtained in the same crop season in order to avoid the climatic effect on grain protein. Only the reciprocal cross, TA 604 × IHPo2 was used to obtain F2,BC1 and BC2 populations. The different populations from each cross were grown in the field using randomized complete block with two replications. The numbers of plant grown for various populations were P1 and P2, 100 each; F1, 50; F2, 500; BC1 and BC2, 250 each. The protein was analyzed by using Udy rapid Protein analyzer. The total number of samples analyzed in this study was 1, 329 (shown in Table 1) . Both Gamble (1961) and Hayman (1958 ) formula were used in analyzing protein data. The results from both Gamble and Hayman formula showed quite in agreement (Ta-ble 2). Cross II fitted the additive-dominance model while crosses I and III did not. Based on Gamble's six-parameter model, it showed that there was highly significant additive effect for all crosses. There were also significant dominance effects for crosses I and III, but not for cross II. The positive dominance effects indicated that high protein was partially dominant. This result was contradictory to the previous report on ordinary corn (5, 6, 8, 9, 12, 13, & 14). We assume that this might be resulted from the effect of opaque-2 gene because the opaque-2 corn always has larger embryo and higher protein content (Nelson, 1969; Wan, unpublished data). The low protein parents used in this study also showed higher protein content as compared with their normal version inbreds. It was also shown that there were significant additive × additive (The symbol is abbreviated), additive × dominance (The symbol is abbreviated) and dominance × dominance (The symbol is abbreviated) effects in crosses I and III, but not in cross II indicating that the gene effects in cross H (parent TA 606) were different from that in crosses I and III (parents, TA 604 and TA 614) . In crosses I and III, the dominance effects ((The symbol is abbreviated)) were positive and dominance × dominance effects (The symbol is abbreviated) were negetive indicating that the interaction effects were resulted from the action of duplicate genes. No cytoplas-mic effect was found in any of the three crosses studied. Since there are highly significant additive effects in all crosses, it is suggested that selection for high protein in o2 corn is effective. However, rigid selection should be prac-ticed if breeders are working on this character because significant dominance and interaction effects were also present in two of the three crosses.


With the goal of providing affective triggered feedback in educational contexts, this work focuses on detecting affective states from different data sources. To this end, different signal combinations have to be tested in order to optimize the detection depending on the data sources used. Here, a wide variety of options have been addressed, from physiological signals to mouse and keyboard interaction analysis, looking for a non-intrusive and low cost detection approach. The final goal is to enrich standards-based learner models with affective information, which will be used to provide personalized support during the learning experience.


The 70s Spanish Literature experienced a deep transformation. The literary magazines of Andalucia witnessed the Transition cultural challenge around 1978. Calle del Aire, Separata, Letras del Sur and Antorcha de Paja show the new poetic ideas, announcing the re-reading of the Tradition during the 80s.


A survey of temporal vernal pools and ponds in Portage and Summit Counties was made by Dexter and Sheary (1943) during the late winter and early spring of 1941, after two years of preliminary collecting, to determine the seasonal and geographic distribution of anostracan phyllopods (fairy shrimps). The writer, during March and April of 1942, repeated observations on all but two of the ninety-seven pools previously studied. Two of them are now situated within the Ravenna Ordnance Plant and were not available. In addition, ten new ponds in Portage and Summit Counties were included in the second summary. Two ponds near Canton in Stark County from which collections had been made in 1940 and 1941 were revisited and ten additional ones in this County examined.


A female patient aged 18 years and 4 months referred to dental our clinic with a chief complaint of the unaesthetic appearance of the maxillary anterior teeth and open bite. The maxillary arch was constricted resulting from both the initial cleft and the previous surgical scarring which contributed to bilateral posterior cross bite. The first stage of the orthodontic treatment began with slow maxillary quad-helix expansion appliance. After 4 months of expansion period, asymmetric extractions including upper right and lower left first molar teeth were performed and full fixed 0.022-in Roth prescribed appliances were placed with anchorage appliances to begin aligning and closing the extraction spaces. Active orthodontic treatment was 23 months. At the end of the comprehensive orthodontic treatment of an adult patient with isolated cleft palate, normal function and better esthetics were achieved and the patient was satisfied with the results.


The utility model relates to a multifunctional cooking and warming stove. An annular hot air exchanger is assembled in a burning stove, and thus, the cold air can be heated to rise by the residual heat recovery of the fume, which realizes the purpose of hot air heating and meal cooking. The structure is that the periphery of the stove tile of a hearth is provided with the annular hot air exchanger whose top and bottom are provided with a cold inlet and a hot inlet, and a secondary air inlet pipe is assembled on a stove body, which improves the combustion efficiency. The utility model has the advantages of high combustion efficiency, clean and sanitary and convenient hot air heating. The utility model serves many purposes, such as cooking and heating.


In my bachelor work I tried to tell some necessary information cornerning the path of the Czech Republic into the euro area and cornerning the conditions of acceptance of the euro as a Eurocurrency. As well I mentioned the conditions which the Czech Republic has to complete to implement of Euro. In the beginning of the work I characterized the process of creation of the European Monetary Union. Process in which the Eurocurrency was implemented and the euro area was rised. Already during existence of the European Economic Commnunity (EEC) member states tried to establish a currency integration, which would be the first step to implement a common currency. The development of the EEC went through three phases and culminated implementation of common currency – Euro. This moment was the beginning of so-called Eurosystem, which has been managing the common monetary policy. In the next parties of my work I analyse the functioning of the Euro Area and describe the legislative, time and economical conditions, which are essential for joining the Czech Republic into the Euro area. The most important of them are so-called Maastricht convergent criteria as a comprehensive complet of the economical conditions.


Mozart was a believing Catholic, although his faith was intermingled with Enlightenment ideas. He joined the Masonic lodge "Zur Wohlthatigkeit" in 1784. His letters refer to the will of God, submission to God, and belief in heaven. Although he composed in all genres of classical music, he had a special love of church music which, according to his wife Constanze, was his favorite genre. His earliest works include two masterworks of sacred music: the motet Exsultate Jubilate, with its brilliant final Alleluia; and the Mass in C Minor, K139 (Waisenhausmesse, 1768), which, because of its profundity, was until recently believed to be a much later work.

Keywords:

Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus (1756–1791);
classical music, and love of church music;
motet exsultate jubilate, with its brilliant final alleluia;
best-known sacred work, the requiem;
Mozart, poised as kapellmeister of St. Stephen's Cathedral


Chronic peripheral inflammation is one of the critical factors contributing significantly to the development and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Human and animal studies strongly suggest that systemic inflammation, marked by changes in the peripheral profile of blood immune cells and blood levels of circulating pro‐inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines, can promote or even precede pro‐inflammatory conditions in the CNS. It has been reported that the levels of circulating pro‐inflammatory cytokines are increased while the levels of anti‐inflammatory cytokines are decreased in AD patients. However, despite increasing data supporting the association between abnormal peripheral inflammation and AD, no well‐established inflammatory biomarkers are currently available for AD. In this regards, we have studied an expanded spectrum of pro‐inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the serum samples of the patients diagnosed with AD and compared them to those without cognitive impairment matched on age and gender.


The aim of this study was to evaluate possible effects of pods from bordao-de-velho (Samanea tubulosa benth) extract on the reproduction of female rats.The extract was prepared by maceration wtith ethanol of dried and crushed pods, then it was concentrated in rotary evaporator. The pregnant Wistar rats were treated with a dose of 75 mg.100 g-1of body weight of Samanea tubulosa extract, by gavage , whereas the control group received 1ml.100g-1of saline by the same route for 19 days. After the euthanasia of the animals at day 20th,the following variables were analyzed: fetal body weight, weight of fetuses and placentas, number of corpora lutea, resorption points, live and dead fetuses and number of embryonic implantations. The extract from S. tubulosa pods, at the dose studied, showed toxicity causing fetal abnormalities, fetal resorption and pronounced decrease in the weight of offspring at birth. On the other hand, , the treatment with extract of S.tubulosa pods had no influence over corpora lutea and implantation numbers.


In this article, it is studied how to establish and solve the mathematical model of temperature field of hot runner of injection mould, visual numerical simulation analysis for temperature field is realized with computer, and finally corresponding example is cited.


In 1946, the architect Hassan Fathy (1900-89; fig. 1) was commissioned by the Egyptian government to plan and build a new village for the inhabitants of Old Gourna, who for generations had lived directly above the rock-hewn tombs in the cemetery of Thebes on the western mountain side of the Nile, near Luxor (fig. 2). The purpose of the project was to put an end to the villagers' age-old livelihood of robbing antiquities from the Pharaonic tombs and offering them up for sale to archaeologists, tourists, and anyone else who set store by these treasures.


MATHEMATICSThree years ago, the National Science Foundation (NSF) set out to change how the United States trains its mathematicians. This spring, it sent a handful of universities their first report cards. The verdict: The culture of math departments is changing, but even the most prestigious departments will find themselves out in the cold if they don't do it NSF's way.


Because of the differences in geographical conditions,regional positions,life styles,religious beliefs,social systems,different cultures and national characterstics,thus emerged the traditional P. E. with different charateristics and stlyes between China and the West.It is predicted that it's an inevitable trend for P. E. in the world to move from divergence to mergence in the future due to the cultural background.\;


Brown trout, Salmo trutta L., spawning sites were constructed by creating areas of artificial upwelling water, 252 ± 37 mL m−2 min−1 (95% CL), through appropriately sized spawning gravel substrate in 3 m2 vessels buried in the bottom of a 150-m2 pond. Natural spawning occurred in the vessels during autumn 2001–2004, with hatching and alevin swim up the following spring. In areas of upwelling, egg survival was 85–95%, while no live eggs were observed in areas without upwelling. In areas with upwelling, the maximum density of live eggs at the eyed stage was 570–1510 eggs m−2. In spring 2004 and 2005, the density of alevins was estimated at 322 (±187) m−2 and 567 (±217) m−2, respectively, in areas with upwelling water, compared with 35.2 ± 25.4 m−2 in areas without upwelling water in 2004.


The study re ported in this pa per aimed to in ves ti gate the re sponse of a GAFChromic® HD-V2 film do sim e ter in the dose range be tween 10 and 300 Gy, nor mally used to per form ir ra di a tion tests on elec tronic de vices with a 60Co gamma-ray irradiator. The well-de fined lin ear ity of re sponse in terms of absorbance as a func tion of ab sorbed dose, eas i ness of han dling and data anal y sis of ir ra di ated do sim e ters, reproducibility, sta bil ity, and in sen si tiv ity to vis i ble light and most of the en vi ron men tal pa ram e ters, make HD-V2 film a flex i ble, in ex pen sive and re li able dose mea sure ment de vice. The study has shown a fog ging ef fect of the do sim e ter re sponse since its value changes over time. Strat e gies and ad e quate pre cau tions to take into ac count changes on HD-V2 film phys i cal prop er ties for cal i bra tion and rou tine use in in dus trial ap pli ca tions, with a spe cific ref er ence to ra di a tion test ing of elec tronic de vices, have been dis cussed.


Photodynamic therapy is a new and effective technique for cancer treatment,and 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy is demonstrated to be more safe and effective than other photodynamic therapy.The treatment indication has been enlarged in recent years.This article reviewed the advances of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy in dermatology and venerology.


The experience in some South Asian countries has shown that groundwater markets could be an effective instrument in managing groundwater resources. The objectives of this paper are to have better understanding of the groundwater market development and the underlined factors in North China. Our results show that groundwater markets in the North China are emerging and have the similar characteristics as those in many South Asian countries, such as unregulated, localized and fragmented. The major determinants of groundwater market development include property rights of tubewells, the scarcity of water and land resources. With the development of groundwater markets, its impacts on agricultural production, farmer livelihood, groundwater use and environment need father study.


M. James Allen and Shelly L. Moore blages is recurrent group analysis (Fager 1957, 1963). Recurrent groups of demersal fish species have been identified and described for the central region of the mainland shelf of southern California from data collected in the period from 1972 to 1973 (Allen 1982). However, ocean waters in the SCB have warmed since the early 1980s (CSDLAC 1990, Stull 1995, Stull and Tang 1996); it is not known if this warming trend or other factors have caused changes in the demersal fish population. A regionwide trawl survey of the SCB in 1994 (Allen and Moore 1996) provided the opportunity to identify and describe recurrent groups from the entire mainland shelf of southern California and to determine if recurrent groups of demersal fishes had changed during the past two decades. Components of the groups that did not change during this period were also examined to establish the most reliable indicators of the presence of a community. The objectives of this study are (1) to identify recurrent groups of soft-bottom fish on the mainland shelf of southern California in 1994; (2) to describe their bathymetric and geographic distribution; and (3) to determine if recurrent groups have changed since the early 1970s. ABSTRACT


We describe a representation of coherent anti‐Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) suitable to the description of time‐dependent measurements. This representation includes the standard energy frame formulation as a special case when cw fields are involved. The traditional CARS cw field frequency matching condition ω0=ω1−ω2+ω3 must be generalized for non‐cw fields; in that case it refers to the Fourier component at ω0 of the convolution of the radiation field with the wave packet recurrences. The influence of resonance, both in the ground and electronically excited states, on the decay of time delayed CARS signals is discussed. As expected, intramolecular vibrational redistribution on the ground state potential surface of a molecule causes the CARS signal to decay in time. Model calculations show that quantum beats in the CARS signal may be observed, reflecting either a small number of coupled states (strong and regular recurrences) or sequential coupling of states (weak and early recurrences).


A hybrid control method for telerobotic systems which considers simultaneously the control and decision-making issues is presented in this paper. Telerobotic system is a typical hybrid system which contains both continuous-time and discrete event dynamics. Specifically, the robot can be considered as a continuous-time system modeled customarily by differential equations or difference equations, and the human operator whose function is to generate commands for robot located in the remote side, however, can be modeled by an automaton. As a result, telerobotic system is a heterogeneous system and the heterogeneity can be characterized by the fact that humans are intelligent while robots are fast, powerful and accurate. From the point of view of control, a hybrid framework is of key importance for the study of such a system. In this paper, the specific problems to be discussed include developing a framework in which both the robotic system and the human operator can be modeled simultaneously, and introducing how to apply this framework in a real teleoperated manipulator system. The main contribution of this paper is the development of a mathematical model which incorporates human intervention into an autonomous control model


ABSTRACT Low-temperature adaptation and cryoprotection were studied in the thermophilic lactic acid bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus CNRZ302. S. thermophilus actively adapts to freezing during a pretreatment at 20°C, resulting in an approximately 1,000-fold increased survival after four freeze-thaw cycles compared to mid-exponential-phase cells grown at an optimal temperature of 42°C. No adaptation is observed when cells are exposed to a temperature (10°C) below the minimal growth temperature of the strain (just below 15°C). By two-dimensional gel electrophoresis several 7-kDa cold-induced proteins were identified, which are the major induced proteins after a shift to 20°C. These cold shock proteins were maximally expressed at 20°C, while the induction level was low after cold shock to 10°C. To confirm the presence ofcsp genes in S. thermophilus, a PCR strategy was used which yielded products of different sizes. Sequence analysis revealed csp-like sequences that were up to 95% identical to those of csp genes of S. thermophilus ST1-1,Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Lactococcus lactis. Northern blot analysis revealed a seven- to ninefold induction of cspmRNA after a temperature shift to 20°C, showing that this thermophilic bacterium indeed contains at least one cold-induciblecsp gene and that its regulation takes place at the transcriptional level.


Nowadays mobile phones become part of human life and it will change life style patterns. Mobile phone technology is an active area of research and now at present it includes more sensors for enabling advanced applications. Latest generations of mobile phones incorporates GPS systems, vision cameras, micro phones, accelerometers, temperature sensors, etc. The availability of these sensors in mobile phones creates new opportunities for data mining applications. The built in sensors are very helpful for health care applications.


This study of the influence of dryer fabrics upon paper drying focused on two aspects, firstly determination of the paper/fabric contact area under industrial conditions and, secondly, variation of the contact coefficient with fabric tension. It was found that under the usual tension conditions, the contact area was always lower than 3 per cent of the total area. This value is much smaller than data given by fabric suppliers or published in the literature. It means that the local pressure applied on paper during drying is 50 times greater than the mean pressure and can locally damage paper by marking it. Experiments performed with a small pilot machine at low values of fabric tension showed that the contact coefficient increased with the tension, and then remained constant. The tension value when the plateau was reached did not seem to depend on the properties of the fabric.


Several environmental hazards are due to the spreading of high levels of potentially harmful substances (PHS) such as oil, plastic and heavy metals in marine ecosystems. Marine related activities such as manufacturing, constructions and industry may lead to elevated levels of PHS, increasing the potential environmental risk worldwide. PHS are able to increase heavy metal concentrations to higher levels than the background baselines and become harmful to the aquatic environment and its living organisms. However, most of the insoluble portion of the wastes in the aquatic ecosystems settle on the bottom in close association with sediment particles, keep suspended or enter with the food chain. PHS can be transported as either dissolve species in water or in association with suspended sediments and are subsequently deposited and in some cases trapped by the sediment particles.


In ''An End to Gender Display Through the Performance of Housework?'' in this issue, Oriel Sullivan has paid the compliment to Brines (1994); Greenstein (2000); Bittman, England, Folbre, Sayer, and Matheson (2003); Gupta (2007, 2008); and others to engage thoughtfully and critically with their work. In a nutshell, Sullivan's thesis is that gender simply doesn't matter as much as we have come to believe. Married and single women with high incomes are more autonomous and do less household work. Money matters. Men who are dependent on their wives' income and have more time at home, or different time, do more household labor, even if some of them don't want to admit it. The takehome message here is to scale back a gender lens on marriage and notice that other variables, such as time and money, actually predict husbands' and wives' household behavior. Is this a convincing argument, on the basis of a reanalysis of the empirical research? Partly. The evidence needs to be considered separately for women and men, and with close attention to historical context and class dynamics. Although Sullivan carefully and consciously integrates findings from quantitative and qualitative research, she does not pay enough systematic attention to change across historical era. The Atkinson and Boles (1984) research more than three decades ago presented convincing evidence that wives who were economically senior partners in their marriages indeed bent over backward, including picking up dust balls, to protect their husband's pride. There is no reason to deny that, in the past, gender-structured


The travel time estimation is one of traffic management system which provide time taken from one point to another point. Travel time estimation system consists of an embedded platform with image sensor for detecting and tracking the vehicle. Due to limited resources of embedded board, it makes challenging to measure the travel time especially for fast moving vehicle. Capturing system required a high capturing rate of the camera to capture most current frame for fast moving vehicle. Threading is implemented in this system to improve embedded board resource utilization and input-output latency between camera and embedded board. In this paper, the threading technology is applied to two types of Raspberry Pi model and the performance of the embedded board is recorded and analyzed.


In order to study grafting methods in Xanthoceras Sorbifolia and to improve survival rate of grafting,effects of grafting time and methods on survival quality of grafting were researched,at different seasons in a year,by bud with xylem grafting in spring,T-shape bud grafting in summer,bud with xylem grafting in autumn,and bark grafting in spring.The results show that bud with xylem grafting is the best grafting method in March or April,the survival rate is 93.6%,seedling height is 170.5 cm,and diameter at ground is 10.8 mm.The relationship between stock diameter and survival rate of grafting show that stock diameter more than 0.4 cm is beneficial to increasing survival rate of grafting.


Indiscriminate disposal of spent engine oil is a global concern because of the numerous health risks to animals and humans following exposure. Indigenous fungi were isolated from soil samples polluted with spent engine oil (SEO) at Mgbuka-Nkpor, Nigeria. They were identified based on their cultural and microscopic characteristics and confirmed using their 18Sr RNA gene sequence. A phylogenetic tree of the isolates was constructed using the neighbour joining method. Heavy metal analysis of spent and new engine oil was conducted using Varian AA240 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. The effect of varying concentrations of heavy metals on SEO degradation by the isolates at different pH levels was also determined. Two fungi isolates were obtained from this study. They were identified and confirmed as Candida tropicalis and Aspergillus clavatus . The concentration of the heavy metals (zinc, lead, cadmium and copper) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in spent engine oil when compared to the new engine oil. There was negative inhibition (stimulation) in the media containing both the single and mixed culture of the isolates, in the presence of cadmium at pH 5.5.  Moreover, highest stimulation (20%) in SEO degradation was recorded in the presence of 10 mg/l copper at pH 5.5, in the media containing A. clavatus . These results showed that the pure and mixed culture of the isolates ( C. tropicalis  and A. clavatus ) have promising potential for effective bioremediation of spent engine oil polluted soil co-contaminated with cadmium and copper at pH 5.5.


An Innovative Approach to Empowering Care Partners Living with A Loved One Diagnosed with Younger‐Onset Alzheimer's Our innovative approach at Lorenzo's House, a nonprofit in Chicago, empowers care partners living with a loved one with younger‐onset Alzheimer's. Lorenzo's Angels is a proven model designed to create one‐on‐one mentor matches between care partners. This personalized match offers connection with someone who shares a similar profile and understands. Families living with a younger‐onset diagnosis are often underserved and under‐discussed in the Alzheimer's community. With this diagnosis comes a dramatic shift in a younger family's dynamic and they are often alienated from popular Alzheimers' resources geared towards people who are diagnosed later in life. These care partner spouses are in a uniquely important and difficult position as they are responsible for being the primary care partner to their spouse, breadwinner for the household, and for parenting independently ‐ all while navigating the complexities of the diagnosis.