In a previous paper (Szalay,P. G.; Bartlett, R. J. J. Chem. Phys. 1995, 103, 3600) we reviewed all approximately extensive corrected multireference configuration interaction (MR-CI) methods and also proposed a new method called the multireference averaged quadratic coupled-cluster (MR-AQCC) method. In this paper we continue the investigation of these methods and propose new variants by including the effect of (a) virtual orbitals in the EPV (exclusion principle violating) contributions, (b) redundancies due to the MR nature of the reference space. Results of test calculations on water, Be2, Be/H2, ozone and NO2/HF systems are presented which show that these new methods are able to describe potential energy surfaces very accurately even if small, but qualitatively correct, reference spaces are used.


The feasibility of preparing locally Er-doped near-stoichiometric (NS) LiNbO3 crystals for integrated optics applications is demonstrated by a two-step process with standard diffusion (1130°C/154 h) of Er metal followed by vapor transport equilibration (VTE) treatment under three different conditions of 1135°C/22 h, 1115°C/50 h, and 1125°C/60 h. Detailed studies on the crystalline phase, Li composition, diffused surface roughness, and emission characteristics of Er3+ ions indicate that there is an upper limit on the initial Er metal film thickness: ∼20 nm for an X-cut crystal and ∼30 nm for a Z-cut crystal. When the initial Er film thickness is below this limit, the post-VTE does not induce formation of ErNbO4 precipitate and the diffused surface retains high quality with a root mean square roughness <3 nm. Depending on the VTE condition adopted, the VTE results in the increase of ([Li]+[Er])/[Nb] ratio in the diffused layer from congruent point (94.5%) to 97.4%–99.4%. Secondary ion mass spectrometry study shows that the post-VTE does not affect the Gauss nature of the Er profile, but leads to the increase of diffusion depth by as much as 1.6 μm. In comparison with the standard Er diffusion, the post-VTE results in the decrease of Er diffusivity by three to nine times. The higher the VTE temperature is, the lower the Er diffusivity is. In addition, the post-VTE also results in definite reduction of OH− content in crystal, slight lengthening of lifetime and slight narrowing of linewidth of Er3+ emission at 1530 nm.


Central dynamic navigation system (CDNS) is most effective to make the travel smooth and reduce traffic congestion. The paper firstly analyzes both the architecture and characteristics of CDNS, and addresses multi-vehicle route optimization algorithm for CDNS in detail. In this part, the MVRO algorithm flow is presented to interpret how CDNS plan shortest path for multi-vehicles at a same time, then aiming at the link cost index-travel time, a travel time prediction model considering traffic signal intersection is put forward. Further more, CDNS development and test in Changchun city are concluded, the navigation platform is constructed and the in-vehicle navigation unit is developed. The test operation results show that CDNS has perfect performance such as making travel faster and reducing travel time 12%.


Plant development in unshaded streams is reviewed within the context of a conceptual habitat model. Resource factors (incorporating light, nutrients and temperature) predominantly govern the processes of biomass gain and hydraulic factors (incorporating separate temporal and spatial scales) predominantly govern the processes of biomass loss. It is postulated that differences in hydraulic stability among streams over periods greater than a year govern whether a stream (or site) is dominated by periphyton, bryophytes or macrophytes. Hydraulic stability over periods of less than a year governs the average periphyton biomass. During steady-state, interspate periods the effect of spatial differences in hydraulics varies depending on the stage of plant development. Periphyton and macrophyte colonization is enhanced by low velocities, and growth rate and organic matter accrual can be enhanced by moderate velocities. However, high velocities retard colonization and organic matter accrual. For mature communities, the peak biomass of periphyton and macrophytes can be negatively correlated with velocity. This is in contrast with bryophytes, which are often restricted to areas of high velocity on stable substrata. Hydraulic habitat suitability curves have yet to be developed for plant communities in streams.


The present study was undertaken to evaluate the wound healing potential of Aloe vera aceton extracts of the leaves of Aloe vera were studied for their wound healing properties in the form of ointment, using one type wound models (full thickness excissional wound) in 18 female rabbits, divided in three groups, six animals in each group. The ointments of leaves extract of this plant were applied in concentration 5mg used in the present study. The effects were studied on excissional wound were percent of wound contraction macroscopically and re-epithelization on wound contraction, wound closure time and regeneration of tissues at the wound site (re-epithelization).


Certain governments, in view of their cultural achievement and their state of specialization have preceded others in their recognition and application of educational programs for the public sector. It is, however, an established fact now that in almost every country in the world, staffing for the public sector is coming to be based on specialization and competence. Training for the public sector is also conceived of, especially in emerging countries, as being


New technologies for Autonomous Vehicles and Mobile Robots are presented, with an emphasis on Multi-sensors Embedded Perception, Situation Awareness, Collision Risk Assessment, and Decision-making for safe navigation in Dynamic Human Environments. It is shown that Bayesian approaches are mandatory to develop such technologies and to obtain the required robustness in presence of uncertainty and of complex dynamic situations. It is also shown how the research results have been used to tackle some practical industrial problems.


Cooperation of multiple robots in simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) systems has more advantages compared to single robot configurations such as a faster exploration speed of the environment and the ability to perform tasks with high complexity. In this paper, we present an online multi-robot SLAM system which merges range measurements provided by UWB sensors and Lidar data provided by different mobile robots to build a globally-consistent map that contains individual point cloud maps and the trajectory estimations of all the robots. The proposed system does not require overlaps between robot trajectories. However, when the maps of different robots overlap, the system can further refine the relative robot transformations. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated through two experiments. The results of the experiments show that the proposed system can achieve accurate environment mapping and self-positioning by the cooperation of multiple robots in real-time.


How can developers locate large numbers of offshore wind turbines in a cost-effective way without creating an eyesore for people living on the coast nearby? Perhaps the answer can be derived from the structures that have been developed for the offshore oil and gas industry. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology has been investigating the possibilities of deep-water offshore wind turbines.


We present measurements of electrons and muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at central and forward rapidity performed by the ALICE Collaboration in p–Pb (√s NN = 5.02 TeV) and Pb–Pb collisions (√s NN = 2.76 TeV). Electrons are reconstructed using several detectors of the ALICE central barrel. Muons are reconstructed using the muon spectrometer at forward rapidity (2.5 AA ) and in p–Pb (R pPb ) collisions, and the azimuthal anisotropy (v 2 ) in Pb– Pb collisions will be discussed. Theoretical predictions are compared with the data. In addition, the measurement of the azimuthal correlation between electrons from heavyflavour hadron decays and charged hadrons in p–Pb collisions will be shown.


Objective To explore the relationship between acute physiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ(APACHEⅡ)score and blood lipid levels,and to study the effect of combination of lipid levels and APACHEⅡon the clinical judgment of prognosis and condition of critically ill patients.Methods Blood samples were drawn from 48 critically ill patients admitted to emergent intensive care unit(EICU)within the first 24 hours.An automatic biochemical machine was employed to determine triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C).At the same time,APACHEⅡscore was introduced to evaluate the disease severity.The patients were divided into group I(21 patients,APACHEⅡscore greater than or equal to 20)and groupⅡ(27 patients,APACHEⅡ score less than 20 and greater than or equal to 10).In addition,the patients were divided into death group(15 patients)and survival group(33 patients)according to the patients'prognosis during the following 2weeks.Results The patients in group I had significantly higher APACHE Ⅱscore than patients in groupⅡ(P0.01).TC and HDL-C levels in group I were lower than those in groupⅡ(P0.05 or P0.01).The patients in death group had significantly higher APACHEⅡscore than patients in survival group(P0.01).HDL-C levels in death group were lower than those in survival group(P0.05).A statistically significant negative correlation was found between APACHEⅡscore and the levels of TC and HDL-C.Conclusion The critically ill patients at the initial stage were prone to develop low serum lipid levels.The lipid levels at the initial stage of critical illness may serve as the sensitive indexes to predict the prognosis and to judge the severity,and can provide a guide for the treatment of critically ill patients.


Simplified and detailed two-dimensional modeling approaches to transient flows in urban areas, based on finite-volume solution of the shallow water equations, are compared. Through the example of a dam-break flow in a simplified urban district for which accurate laboratory data exist, various methods are compared: (1) the solution of the two-dimensional shallow water equations with a detailed meshing of each street; (2) the use of a porosity concept to represent the reduction of water-storage and conveyance in the urban area; and (3) the representation of urban areas as zones with higher friction coefficient. Accuracy and adequacy of each method are assessed through comparison with the experiments. Among the simplified models, the porosity approach seems to be the most adequate as head losses at the entrance and the exit of the city are considered.


From the Publisher:
Twice the Adventure, Twice the Strategy.
·Covers both Forbidden Memories PSX and Dark Duel Stories for GBC
·Covers game basics for advanced players and beginners
·Tips and tricks for constructing competitive card decks to help defeat Yami Yugi's enemies.
·Exhaustive card list with in-depth stats and descriptions for every character
·Thorough discussion on Fusion: How it Works, Fusion Lists, and Chain Fusions


As part of the on-going revision of Australian Rainfall and Runoff, various regional flood estimation methods are being tested to identify appropriate method(s) for general application. This paper focuses on a Probabilistic Model, which assumes that standardised maximum observed flood data over the available period of records of each site in a region can be pooled together and described by a single probability distribution. The Probabilistic Model can be used for estimation of 'large' to 'rare' floods. The Probabilistic Model is developed and tested in this paper using data from 227 catchments from Victoria and NSW. This involves development of prediction equations using Generalised Least Squares regression for the mean and coefficient of variation of the annual maximum flood series as a function of catchment characteristics variables. An independent test shows that the Probabilistic Model provides quite reasonable design flood estimation in the study area for average recurrence intervals in the range of 20 to 200 years, with median relative error values in the range of 10 to 35%.


A contribution is devoted to the recent development of the MOSGRAF suite used to process Mossbauer data and to generate reference functions for the modern spectrometers of the MsAa-x (x=1,2,3,4) family. Newly developed interface is designed for the Microsoft Windows-XP® or higher system of this class. However one can use some older system of this class as well provided some plug-ins are installed additionally. The lowest useable system is Microsoft Windows-98® – 32-bit edition. The new version of the MOSGRAF suite is compatible with 32-bit and 64-bit systems. MOSGRAF is fully compatible with MsAa-x spectrometers, however a powerful tool to convert ASCII data files from other spectrometers is provided. Data processing programs are compiled by the high efficiency Fortran-90 LaheyFujitsu® compiler. One of the most important new features is the ability to process velocity calibration data obtained by the new method based on the measurement of the time lapse between fringes of the Michelson-Morley interferometer.


The present invention relates to a method and a test apparatus 100 operates the crash simulation testing apparatus 100 of an automobile. The test apparatus 100 includes a carriage 110 which is arranged to be displaced along the rail arrangement, is disposed on the carriage unit 110, the testing station having at least one vehicle component to be tested, the acceleration unit 120 has the door, by the acceleration unit 120, force is being transmitted to the carriage unit 110, it may accelerate the carriage unit 110. Acceleration unit 120 has a hydraulic drive cylinder 122 having a piston rod 121 which is connected to the piston 123 and carriage assembly 110. Simulation of an accident situation, it is easy to implement, but to ensure that may be improved in a way that is reproducible, according to the present invention, at least one measurement pickup 126 and 127, the drive cylinder provided to sense pressure P1, P2 acting at 122 in the piston side regions 128 and / or piston rod side area within 129, further, the controller 150 is provided, the control device 150, the piston side of the drive cylinder 122 is supplied to the region 128, or if the amount of hydraulic fluid per unit time as a function of the pressure sensed in the driving cylinder 122, and / or is supplied into the piston rod-side region 129 of the driving cylinder 122 released from the piston rod side region 129, the amount of hydraulic fluid per unit time As a function of the pressure sensed in the dynamic cylinder 122, the pressure P1 acceleration force transmitted to the carriage unit 110, to assume a pre-defined by or defined may value, which is detected in the driving cylinder 122, configured to set as a function of P2.


Abstract : A univariate Monte Carlo technique is developed for the determination of lower confidence limits of system reliability based on component test data. It is assumed that the component test data consists of failure times which are distributed according to a known two-parameter Weibull probability distribution. These failure times are randomly generated using the true shape and scale parameters of the distribution. Maximum-likelihood estimators are found for the shape and scale parameters and then substituted into the reliability equation to obtain the maximum-likelihood estimator for the component reliability. The estimated bias in this estimator is subtracted to yield an approximately unbiased estimator of the component reliability. Using the empirical variance of the reliability estimate and assuming a normal distribution, a Monte Carlo simulation is run for four hypothetical systems consisting of as many as five components. The simulation is repeated 600 times. Since the true reliability is known, on each run it can be determined if the desired confidence intervals contain the true system reliability. The result is an absolute measure of the effectiveness of the univariate technique.


This paper characterizes two fault localization techniques – Emission Microscopy (EMMI) and Liquid Crystal Thermography (LCT) by using integrated circuit (IC) leakage failures. The majority of today's semiconductor failures do not reveal a clear visual defect on the die surface and therefore require fault localization tools to identify the fault location. Among the various fault localization tools, liquid crystal thermography and frontside emission microscopy are commonly used in most semiconductor failure analysis laboratories. Many people misunderstand that both techniques are the same and both are detecting hot spot in chip failing with short or leakage. As a result, analysts tend to use only LCT since this technique involves very simple test setup compared to EMMI. The omission of EMMI as the alternative technique in fault localization always leads to incomplete analysis when LCT fails to localize any hot spot on a failing chip. Therefore, this research was established to characterize and compare both...


A small-scale heliostat field has been developed for use as an experimental test rig for concentrating solar power (CSP) research at the University of Stellenbosch, South Africa. The optical system is comprised of 150 mirror facets (100 x 100 mm) rigidly mounted on a dual axis rotating framework. Performance characterization of the small-scale rig is proposed using a flat-plate calorimeter designed to measure the concentrating solar flux. This paper addresses the methodology, design features, device calibration, overall heat transfer modeling, preliminary experimental results and final comparison with ray-tracing analysis. The modeling and preliminary testing results showed that the small-scale rig generates solar flux in the range of 950 W.


Automated fire detection is an active research topic in computer vision. In this paper, it proposes vision based approach for identifying fire in videos. Computer vision-based fire detection algorithms are usually applied in closed-circuit television surveillance scenarios with controlled background. This method can be applied not only to surveillance but also to automatic video classification for retrieval of fire catastrophes in databases of newscast content. In the latter case, there are large variations in fire and background characteristics depending on the video instance. This method analyzes the frame-to-frame changes of specific low-level features describing potential fire regions. These features are color, area size, surface coarseness, boundary roughness, and skewness within estimated fire regions. Because of flickering and random characteristics of fire, these features are powerful discriminants. The


Structural and electronic properties of hydrogen-bonded infinite chains of hydrogen cyanide and formamide molecules have been investigated by the ab initio crystal orbital method using several, partly highly polarized, atomic basis sets of increasing size at the Hartree–Fock (HF) level and by including electron correlation effects in the second order of Moller–Plesset perturbation theory. The results obtained show that hydrogen bonding in molecular crystals of the type investigated is a highly cooperative phenomenon, both from the structural and energetic points of view. Comparison with clusters of up to four monomers demonstrate how various structural parameters converge toward their limiting values in the infinite system. The results obtained for infinite HCN chains show an excellent agreement with those observed for solid HCN, whereas the infinite formamide chain proves to be a reasonable model for the corresponding liquid phase. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Objective To analyze the clinical implications of methylation of the interleukin-12B gene(IL-12B) on promoter area in bladder cancer tissues.Methods The tissues of 78 cases of bladder cancer and para-carcinoma tissues were studied.The expression of methylation of IL-12B gene on promoter area was detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR).The protein expression of IL-12B was determined by western blot analysis.Results(1) The product of methylation of IL-12B gene on promoter area of the bladder cancer tissues was significantly higher than that of the para-carcinoma tissues(the chi-square = 14.8,P = 0.001).(2) The PMR level of IL-12B gene in bladder cancer and para-carcinoma tissues was statistically significant(t = 3.42,P = 0.001).(3) The IL-12B protein expression level of bladder cancer tissues was significantly less than that of para-carcinoma tissues(t = 2.832,P = 0.012).Conclusion The methylation of IL-12B gene on promoter area and the inactivation of IL-12B protein are significantly related to bladder cancer.


The paper incorporates intergenerational fairness into a framework to analyse long-term sustainability of public finances under population ageing. It establishes a link between ageing-related public expenditure projections and public finance targets, thereby clarifying the connection between pension reforms and general government budget balance and debt targets.


Various macroreticular type resins were prepared by suspension copolymerization of many Vinyl pyridine derivatives with divinyl benzene in the presence of iso-octane as diluent. The adsorption capacities of these resins were greatly varied with the nature of vinyl pyridine ut monomer species and the ability decreased in the following order: poly(4-vinylpyridine)>poly-(2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine)>poly(2-vinylpyridine)upoly(5-ethyl-2-vinylpyridine). However, the variation in the pore structure of resin had little effect on adsorption capacity. The adsorption on porous resins was generally represented by BET type adsorption isotherm and the heats of adsorption were calculated as lo to 14.5 kcal/mol by use of Clausius-Clapeyron equa tion, larger than one of styrene-divinyl benzene copolymer, Amberlite XAD-2. The adsorption characteristic on the gel type resin was expressed as Henry s type adsorption isotherm. This fact indicates that sulfur dioxide is absorbed into the resin matrix and subsequently reacts with functional groups. lnfrared spectrum of poly(4-vinylpyridine) film exposed to sulfur dioxide gas had characteristic bands caused by SO2-pyridine molecular complex formation at 1280, 1125, 534 cm-1 and also indicated a band for SO32- group (S-O stretching) at 940 cm.


ABSTRACT The process of entering prison as a civilian is such … sign in … send stuff through x-ray … walk through metal detector … get patted down by officer … show badge, get buzzed through steel door … get buzzed through another steel door … get buzzed through another steel door … show badge to officer, get buzzed through steel door. Enter the yard and walk down a pathway with cages full of men on either side. Get buzzed through steel door, then walk through building occupied by 10 officers. Get buzzed through steel door … walk down pathway with men in cages on one side … walk through gate. Show officer badge and walk through another gate. Walk down pathway with men in cages on one side. Enter education building … sign in … enter classroom … teach art.


Abstract Single-crystalline thin films of ferroelectric NaNO2 have been investigated by a computer-controlled laser scanning microscope, capable of inspecting a 1 × 1 mm2 area with 2 μm resolution, thereby revealing the domain structure and its variations due to an applied electric field. The orientation of the domain walls changes from {100} in untreated samples to {100} and_{101} after application of a voltage. This difference is explained by the small velocity of the {100}- and {101}-walls during polarization reversal.


We propose a hybrid approach of music recommendation according to which user will get recommendations of the songs searched by the other users alike to the existing user on content basis and also songs listened by that similar set users on context basis. Here we will try to find the similar users on the basis of context using K-Means clustering technique and among those users we will find the most frequent or most listened songs on the basis of content using PLSA technique. To fulfil this task we have created a dummy dataset and taking assumption that it is valid for experimental point of view. In order to evaluate the utility of recommendations produced by using proposed approach of music recommender system, we have computed three metrics i.e. Precision, Recall and F-1 Score. The result of proposed methodology shows the promising result as evaluated by parameters i.e. precision, recall and F1-score on dummy dataset. It can be tested for the real dataset of users from future perspective which will definitely going to take some time because of availability of such data.


The roughness of the laminated iron sheets in the cooling channel has an influence to the thermal conductance between air and iron package. In this paper the thermal behavior of an electrical excited synchronous machine with air cooling was simulated with an CFD program and a lumped parameter model. The results are compared to the measurement of a constructed machine. The machine is also used to get the values of roughness in the application. This measured values are recalculated to the equivalent sand corn roughness used in the simulation. The lumped parameter model is updated with a new simulation module to simulate the roughness of the sheets in the air flow channel. The necessity is shown in the results of a further paper where the correction parameter of the conductivity were to high. With the implemented roughness the lumped parameter model is verified to the measurement and CFD simulation. The results show a reduction of the necessary correction parameter in the lumped parameter model. In consequence the model calculation accuracy is raised.


This paper examines the feasibility of establishing a regional presidential primary for the Great Plains States. It reviews the introduction of primaries for selecting national convention delegates, and the slowness of these states to adopt this method. Further, it surveys the use of the primary in the region, noting the independence of Great Plains voters in both the pre reform and post-reform periods. Finally, the paper recommends that Great Plains States adopt a regional primary; suggests they select the earliest possible date in order to enhance their influence on the selection of presi dential nominees; and offers several alternative proposals, depending upon


Aseptic meningitis, including culture negative and viral meningitis, contributes a significant health‐care burden, including unnecessary antibiotic use and hospitalisation to treat possible bacterial meningitis. This study analysed aseptic meningitis hospitalisations in New Zealand (NZ) children over 29 years.


Earlier studies indicate that Picea abies and Picea obovata are clearly distinguished by only one morphological character, i.e. the form of the cone scale. In this study populations of the two taxa were investigated chemometrically. The needles were subjected directly to methanolysis, and the released components, dominated by fatty acid methyl esters, were gas chromatographed. Principal components analysis of the analytical data indicate a clear distinction between P. abies and P. obovata.


In the vacuum crystallization condition the modification of potassium nitrate made its bulk density reduced from 0.9g/cm3 to 0.7g/cm3 through the addition of modifiers,which improved the ability of caking resistance.Results of experiments show that with the application of modified potassium nitrate in pyrotechnic composition,the hydroscopicity of pyrotechnic composition decreased from 0.10% to 0.06%,the burned ratio of firecrackers increased from 82% to 88%,and the sound level of the firecrackers increased from 98.3 dB to 101.5dB.


Wernicke's aphasia is a neurological condition characterized mainly by a deficit in linguistic understanding and production. Most of the clinical descriptions state that patients affected by this disorder cannot engage in conversation, since they are unable to manage any verbal interaction. Additionally, these patients have been described as lacking a discursive level, since their conversational interventions are a set of randomly bound utterances. This work discusses these descriptions. Through a prosodic analysis of the discursive marker ?no?  and an analysis of its position within the patients interventions we observed that our patient shows some skills to manage and engage in a communicative interaction; besides, they constantly track the conversation to confirm the level of attention and understanding of their interlocutor. This suggests that these patients are aware of their clinical condition.


Non-uniformity is the main factor which affects images quality in infrared system.In order to get better video image effects and optimize the detector performance,according to two-point correction theory,a new method to realize two-point non-uniformity correction based on TEC is put up.Under control order from MCU,TEC produces two different temperature points at different time.This means two different infrared images are born.Using these two images we can calculate response rate and dark current by means of two-point correction..The arithmetic and structure of the method are simple,and the method can be easily realized.


With the popularization of e-learning, Learning Support System (LSS) is playing an increasingly important role in teaching and the reform of education. Although pure resource-based LSS is prevailed, it cannot meet the needs of learning support in the era of big data and massive resources. Based on the teaching practice of LSS supporting computer courses in recent 10 years, and combined with the experience of optimizing LSS year by year, the intelligent LSS design with knowledge structure as the main body is proposed. And the LSS is optimized from five aspects, including micro-resource package structure oriented to knowledge points, knowledge structural reorganization of the learning resources, monitor and feedback learning behavior guided by visual theory of learning progress, resources recommendation based on the study progress and the knowledge structure, and reusing high-quality discussion posts and questions. Teaching practice has proved that the structured design of resource package can encourage imagination. Learning monitoring and feedback mechanism can maintain motivation and improve self-efficacy. Learning resource recommendation strategy plays a significant role in helping students focus on learning content and improve efficiency. High quality post is conducive to students' deep learning.


Part I: Principles Of Thermodynamics. Introduction. 1. Fundamental Concepts. 2. The First Law Of Thermodynamics. 3. Non-Flow Processes. 4. Flow Processes. 5. The Second Law Of Thermodynamics. 6. Corollaries Of The Second Law. 7. General Thermodynamic Relations. Part II: Application To Particular Fluids. Introduction. 8. Properties Of Fluids. 9. Non-Flow Processes. 10. Flow Processes. 11. Vapour Power Cycles. 12. Gas Power Cycles. 13. Heat Pump And Refrigeration Cycles. 14. Properties Of Mixtures. 15. Combustion Processes. Part III: Work Transfer Introduction. 16. Reciprocating Expanders And Compressors. 17. Reciprocating Internal-Combustion Engines. 18. One-Dimensional Steady Flow And Jet Propulsion. 19. Rotary Expanders And Compressors. 20. Direct Conversion. Part IV: Heat Transfer Introduction. 21. Conduction. 22. Convection. 23. Radiation. 24. Combined Modes Of Heat Transfer.


Fermion-like coherent states are obtained as projections from the Glauber coherent states for a boson field, and the two sets of states have an interesting correspondence. It is shown that because of the correspondence the equation of motion of the density operator for a fermion interacting with a radiation field maps into a classical-like transport equation in a hypothetical boson phase space. Besides being useful in the description of systems of fermions involved in cooperative phenomena, it is shown that the use of the continuous basis offers some unique advantages even for systems which are essentially Markovian. As an illustration, the method is applied to the description of the time evolution of a two-level atom interacting with a blackbody radiation field.


The Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) was initiated in August 1985 to develop new generation water erosion prediction technology for federal agencies involved in soil and water conservation and environmental planning and assessment. Developed by USDA-ARS as a replacement for empirical erosion prediction technologies, the WEPP model simulates many of the physical processes important in soil erosion, including infiltration, runoff, raindrop detachment, flow detachment, sediment transport, deposition, plant growth and residue decomposition. The WEPP included an extensive field experimental program conducted on cropland, rangeland, and disturbed forest sites to obtain data required to parameterize and test the model. A large team effort at numerous research locations, ARS laboratories, and cooperating land-grant universities was needed to develop this state-of-the-art simulation model. The WEPP model is used for hillslope applications or on small watersheds. Because it is physically based, the model has been successfully used in the evaluation of important natural resources issues throughout the United State and in several other countries. Recent model enhancements include a graphical Windows interface and integration of WEPP with GIS software. A combined wind and water erosion prediction system with easily accessible databases and a common interface is planned for the future.


Our country can compensate the lagging in the economic development in relation to the EU countries as well as to the countries of the region only by increasing the economy's competitiveness, depending to a great extent on the possibilities of the economic entities investment in improving the attributes of the existing and development of new products and services, as well as on introducing modern technology and technological procedures. The transition program conducted by former socialist countries was highly based on foreign direct investments (FDI) enabling these countries the successful inclusion into global flows of international production and overall economy. In this paper the possibilities and sources of our economy investing will be analyzed and the influence on enhancement of the overall and regional competitiveness of the companies as a necessary condition for increasing the export and the overall economic development of the country.


An efficient and low-cost method for testing multiple DUTs in a paral1el test system is disclosed. In one embodiment, a method for scheduling tests in a parallel test system having at least two devices-under-test iDUTs jcoupled to a test controller through one or more vendor hardware modules includes receiving a test plan comprising a plurality of tests arranged in a predetermined test flow, where the predetermined test flow comprises a plurality of tests arranged in a directed graph and each test is arranged as a vertex in the directed graph, determining a test execution schedule in accordance with the test plan at runtime, where the test execution schedule identifies a set of next tests to be executed according to current states of the at least two DUTs and where the set of next tests include different tests to be performed on different DUTs, and testing the at least two DUTs using the test execution schedule.


Due to the radial nature of the distribution system (DS), real power losses are unpreventable due to a variable and unbalanced nature of load and high value of R/X ratio. For the efficient and inexpensive process of the distribution network, real power losses shall be minimized as much as possible. In this paper, the advanced technology is presented for the selection of optimum capacity and position of distributed generation (DG) accompanied by the optimal reconfiguration as an objective to minimize line losses. The meta-heuristic composite differential evolution (CoDE) algorithm is put forward for consideration of appropriate capacity and allocation of DGs in the presence of feeder reconfiguration of IEEE standard 33 and 69-bus DS. Furthermore, voltage at each bus and current carrying capacity in each branch are considered as the constraints at the time of evolution of objective function. In the correct conditions to find the best feeder reconfiguration and DG allocation, several case studies are well-thought-out to examine the superiority of the suggested technique. Furthermore, simulation results ensure the best accomplishment as regards to the quality of outcome and computational efficiency using the proposed algorithm.


This article analyzes the vulnerabilities of certain women in custodial interrogations in the United States through legal, linguistic, and discourse analysis. At special risk are the impoverished or working class, the ill educated or illiterate, those with disabilities, or those who are nonnative speakers of English. Placing custodial interrogation into its U.S. legal setting, the study examines linguistic and discourse aspects of Miranda-related decisions and confessions. Drawing on data from the 1990s "Wenatchee Sex Ring" investigation and trials, the study examines the language of four women arrested and prosecuted in the Wenatchee cases. The analysis addresses discourse-level aspects of the data, including topic management and threats during the interrogation; the production of narratives as well as statements of location, result, and duration; and the sexual language used in the confessions. The article concludes that discourse analysis may provide an additional check on rogue interrogations of vulnerable people and once again calls for consistent recording of custodial interrogations in the United States.


Background and Objective: About 2-3 percent of the society suffer from mental retardation (MR) that leads to psychoeconomic problems. To prevent MR, it is necessary to recognize its related factors in each region.The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of MR associated factors among students of Rafsanjan exceptional schools. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study Rafsanjan special schools were referred in 2014 and 210 students were selected statistically .Data was collected via interviewing with student's parents and using present files at schools, categorized into four parts ; prenatal, prinatal, postnatal and environmental factors. For data gathering, the questionnaires were used and data were analyzed using descriptive (frequency and percentage) and analytic statistics (chi_square). Results : Educational level in 203 (96.8%) parents was illiterate to diploma and families income in 200 (95.5%) cases was low and average.In studying of prenatal factors, the most frequent cause was related to consanguineous marriage in 112 (53.3) cases and mental retardation family history in 82 (39%) cases. Also, in studying of prinatal factors, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in 43 (20.5%) cases and respiratory problems during parturition in 30 (14.3%) cases had the most frequent cause. Fever and convulsion in 35 (16.7%) cases and epilepsy in 22 (10.5%) cases were the most prevalent postnatal factors. Conclusion: Among MR associated factors that studied in this research, environmental factors and consanguineous marriage had the most frequent cause among students of special schools and it seems that raising society's awareness level and doing genetic consultation can help to prevent this disease.


Poster: "ESSR 2016 / P-0008 / Unusual Initial Presentation of Gout as Intratendinous Tophus Mimicking Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath: Report of Two Cases" by: "E. Gezmis1, H. Boya1, F. Ulu Ozturk2, H. Yerli1; 1Izmir/TR, 2Ankara/TR"


Objective In order to understand the effect of MHC-I of host lymphocyte in tumor immune, observing proliferation and cytotoxicity of BALB/c spleen LAK cells which with silent the gene by H-2Kd antisense oligonucleotides ( ASON) . Methods ASON complementary to initiator of H-2Kd was applied to spleen LAK cells. The H-2Kd gene expression of treated and control cells were examined by Flow cytometry(FCM). The proliferation and cytotoxicity for H22 and K562 cell lines were evaluated in vitro with MTT colorimetric assay. Results ASON (15μmol/l) treatment for H-2Kd gene reduced targeted protein from 90. 1%±4.4% to 79. 8% ± 2. 5% (P 0. 01). The cytotoxicity for K562 reduced from 82. 3% ± 3. 1% to 60. 2% ± 6. 7% ( P 0. 01), and that for H22 cells reduced from 67.4% ± 2. 8% to 53. 2%± 8. 1% (P 0. 01 ). Conclusion The reduced expression level of H-2Kd gene silenced by ASON didn't inhibit proliferation in LAK cells, but reduced the cytotoxicity for H22 and K562 cells significantly.


Pesticide residue is potentially dangerous to product safety. It is therefore to require proper means for pesticide residue determination in practical. This research proposed an effective way to detect pesticide residues in agricultural products where the technology of enzyme inhibition, photochemical analysis and embedded system was adopted to calculate the inhibition rate of pesticide residues in the selected samples. By using embedded system as the main controller, visible spectrophotometer as photoelectric measuring unit, this design used photochemical method and enzyme inhibition technology to realize rapid recognition of pesticide residue.


A microwave photonic phase detector to synchronize two RF signals to a single mode locked laser is proposed and demonstrated. Two RF signals with frequencies of 8.058 GHz and 8.364 GHz are synchronized.


Multilingualism is a relevant notion in the context of modern multicultural research. In Germanic studies, it is common practice to explore multilingualism through the example of transcultural German-language literature and consider it a major distinctive feature. This research is based on Hall's theoretical principles of cultural hybridity in the era of globalization, Bhabha's views on the productivity of "the third space", which appears on the border of contacting cultures, and Bakhtin's idea of the dialogical nature of cultures as a key feature of cross-cultural communication. The study is aimed at examining the forms of multilingualism typical of literary works of contemporary German-speaking migrant writers. They have chosen German as a language of socialization and literary activity, although it is not their mother tongue. The evident and latent forms of multilingualism are relevant for imagological studies and meaningful in terms of the preservation and transmission of the value potential of the linguocultures that are in contact with each other. This study is based on the literary works of Tawada, a Japanese writer who is actively using evident and latent structures in her literary activity: the book of prose and poetry Where Europe Begins and the collections of literary essays Talisman and Overseas Tongues . This article is the first attempt to analyse the works of this writer from such a perspective.


Abstract. The present study is to survey the role of excitement cognitive adjustment and identification categories on emerging the counterproductive behavior. For this purpose, 306 samples of engineering management employees and the drilling national company building of Iran South Oil areas were selected using random sampling in order to exploit Corcoran formula. Used data by 3 questionnaires of Bent and Robison's (2003) counterproductive behavior, Persian questionnaire BFI (Oliver and Gohen, 1991) for identity categories, and questionnaire Persian form of cognitive excitement adjustment (2012) was collected and tested by Pearson-correlation test. The study results showed that there has been a meaningful relation in neurosis, empiricism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, blame  himself, coping, positive thinking, blame others, cognitive excitement adjustment except extrovert, but there is a negative relation among empiricism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, blame  himself, coping, positive thinking, blame others, cognitive excitement adjustment and extrovert except neurosis.


This article focusses on the lessons learnt from the collaborative design of guidance for new build schools in England about the processes of school design, construction and occupation. The study involved headteachers, school building commissioners, teachers and wider school communities thinking about the pedagogic implications of the production of new school buildings. Professionals who had been involved with the development of new school buildings, and those currently involved, engaged in workshops to discuss their experiences of the process and designed guidance for those who would be involved in the future. This collaborative process pointed to possibilities but also significant potential risks involved in innovative school design. Theoretically, an activity theory framework was adopted to explore patterns of interaction and contradictions in the collaborative processes of the design, construction and occupation of new school builds and how these should be captured in a guidance document. We problematise the concept of innovation in the design of new build schools and the related risks. We suggest that collaborative school design calls for a new conception of collective action.


Large-scale metasurfaces promise nanophotonic performance improvements to macroscopic optics functionality, for applications from imaging to analog computing. Yet the size scale mismatch of centimeter-scale chips versus micron-scale wavelengths prohibits use of conventional full-wave simulation techniques, and has necessitated dramatic approximations. Here, we show that tailoring"fast direct"integral-equation simulation techniques to the form factor of metasurfaces offers the possibility for accurate and efficient full-wave, large-scale metasurface simulations. For cylindrical (two-dimensional) metasurfaces, we demonstrate accurate simulations whose solution time scales \emph{linearly} with the metasurface diameter. Moreover, the solver stores compressed information about the simulation domain that is reusable over many design iterations. We demonstrate the capabilities of our solver through two designs: first, a high-efficiency, high-numerical-aperture metalens that is 20,000 wavelengths in diameter. Second, a high-efficiency, large-beam-width grating coupler. The latter corresponds to millimeter-scale beam design at standard telecommunications wavelengths, while the former, at a visible wavelength of 500 nm, corresponds to a design diameter of 1 cm, created through full simulations of Maxwell's equations.


May 2018 7 rT AnD Design eDucATion is MosT viTAL when reALizeD As A worLD reiMAgineD. There is an important opportunity to reimagine our world when embracing the learning styles and abilities of all that participate. we share a set of projects that focus on the transformative potentials for assistive technology (AT) in the form of tactile graphics. According to the Assistive Technology industry Association (2017), AT is "any item, piece of equipment, software program, or product system that is used to increase, maintain, or improve the functional capabilities of persons with disabilities" (para. 3). A to See:


The growing demand for energy conservation and greenhouse emissions reduction has shifted the focus toward integrating renewable energy sources (RES) in the marine industry. These efforts have led to more complexity in the shipboard power system. Hence, an exact evaluation of the system is required, and thus detailed modeling and simulation are carried out to facilitate the analysis and optimization of the system. This paper introduces a standalone electric system with a common 415V-AC bus powered by a photovoltaic (PV) system. Due to the irregular availability of RES, incorporating the energy storage system (ESS) is needed. It is also required to mitigate the power fluctuations and to improve the system's efficiency and reliability. The power converters are also modeled and controlled so that there is a minimal loss of power. The reweighted zero-attracting lncosh (RZA-lncosh) algorithm is adopted for the voltage source converter (VSC) to provide high steady-state performance. The half-bridge bidirectional converter (BDC) is utilized to regulate the DC link voltage of the battery-VSC. The system is tested in a MATLAB environment under different operating conditions.


Disruptions in large tokamaks can lead to the generation of a relativistic runaway electron beam that may cause serious damage to the first wall. To suppress the runaway beam the application of resonant magnetic perturbations (RMP) has been suggested. In this work we investigate the effect of resonant magnetic perturbations on the confinement of runaway electrons by simulating their drift orbits in magnetostatic perturbed fields and calculating the transport and orbit losses for various initial energies and different magnetic perturbation configurations. In the simulations we use model configurations with existing (TEXTOR) and planned (ITER) RMP systems, and solve the relativistic, gyro-averaged drift equations for the runaway electrons including the electric field, radiation losses and collisions. The results indicate that runaway electrons are well confined in the core of the device, but the onset time of runaway losses closer to the edge is dependent on the magnetic perturbation level, which can thereby affect the maximum runaway current. Runaway electrons are rapidly lost from regions where the normalised perturbation amplitude \delta B/B is larger than 0.1% in a properly chosen perturbation geometry. This applies to the region outside the radius corresponding to the normalised flux \psi = 0.5 in ITER, when the ELM mitigation coils are used at maximum current in their most favourable configuration.


most of the personal and professional communication is done using the electronic media such as E-Mailing, SMS etc. But these all services also suffer from the problem of unwanted messages or the communicating information called Spam. The Spam Message can be an email virus, charity latter, commercial advertisement etc. But it affects the user time, memory and the attention. In this paper, a DCA based improved decision tree approach is suggested to identify the spam emails over the dataset. The work is implemented in integrated weka environment. The obtained result from the system shows the effective identification of spam mails over the dataset. KeywordsEmail, DCA, Decision Tree, Secure Communication


The Civil War was a time of hardship for everyone regardless of gender. Louisa May Alcott and Stephen Crane embody the spirit and mood of the Civil War through their novels and the use of the gender lens.Through the protagonist of the novels we see the influence war has on their state of mind and on their home and social life.


The FIRE project TRIANGLE is building a framework to help app developers and device manufacturers in the evolving 5G sector to test and benchmark new mobile applications, devices, and services utilizing existing and extended FIRE testbeds. Connected apps will be a dominant software component in the 5G telco domain. Ensuring a correct and efficient behaviour of the applications and devices becomes a critical factor for the mobile communications market to meet the expectations of final users. While radio related certification of mobile devices has a strong standards based ecosystem there is still a lack of consensus on the benchmarking or testing methods at the apps level. The project will identify reference deployment scenarios, will define new KPIs and QoE metrics, will develop new testing methodologies and tools, and will design a complete evaluation scheme for apps and devices. At the same time the methodology to be used in the design and development of the TRIANGLE test framework will ensure that the testbed end user is not overwhelmed by


The parallel coupled hairpin shaped bandpass filters is designed for 2.4 GHz frequency. The output response was analyzed by simulating in CST software tool. The harmonics exists in parallel coupled structure. The harmonics was suppressed by first iteration. By increasing or decreasing capacitance, inductance and resistance, the desired resonance frequency is achieved.


The sets ${\Phi({F}^{\mu \nu})}, {\Phi(\tilde {F}^{\mu \nu})}$ of linear functionals on the space $ $ represent themself linear space $ $ over the field of \textit{scalars} $P$, which is dual to space $ $, but it is substantial, that given linear space is not self-dual. It has been found, that the partition of linear space $ $ over the field of genuine scalars and pseudoscalars, the vectors in which are sets of contravariant and covariant electromagnetic field tensors and pseudotensors ${{F}^{\mu\nu}}$, ${\tilde{F}^{\mu\nu}}$, ${{F}_{\mu\nu}}$, ${\tilde{F}_{\mu\nu}}$, on 4 subspaces takes place. It corresponds to appearance of 4 kinds of electromagnetic field potential 4-vectors $A_{\mu}$, which are transformed according to the representations of general Lorentz group with various symmetry relatively improper rotations. It has been found, that conserving quantity, corresponding to complex fields is complex charge. It is argued, that electromagnetic field in the matter is complex field and that two-parametric group $\Gamma(\alpha,\beta) = U_{1}(\alpha) \otimes \mathfrak R(\beta)$, where $\mathfrak R(\beta)$ is abelian multiplicative group of real numbers (excluding zero), determines the gauge symmetry of electromagnetic field. It is also argued, that free electromagnetic field is characterized by pure imagine charge.


Objective:To investigate the pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis.Method:Stimulated the endothelial cells with aqueous areca nut extract(AANE) and the cultured medium was aspirated. Then the level of NO produced by endothelial cells was detected by method of ELISA.Result:The level of NO produced by endothelial cells was inhibited by AANE.Conclution: Endothelial cells stimulated by areca nut producing less level of NO may induce OSF.


FIELD: information technology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to image analysis based automatic exposure compensation on video or image signals supplied to home communication system. Result is achieved by that home communication system comprises door station (4) and at least one home station (1), connected to it via bus (15), wherein camera (5) of door station (4) records image persons who are located in front of door station, analogue or digital image signal (BS) generated by camera (5) image is evaluated using region detector (10), which identifies one or more relevant regions of image, wherein sensor (11) of measured brightness determines quality of exposure of at least one region of interest of image based on results of region detector (10), further, control unit (8) from specified nominal value (SW) and generated and output by sensor (11) of measured actual value of brightness (IW) determines control parameters (SG), which iteratively optimise exposure parameters of camera (5) during image recording. EFFECT: technical result performing automatic exposure compensation based on image analysis. 10 cl, 5 dwg


This research examined the pedagogical beliefs and classroom practices of 17 exemplary technology-using K-12 teachers. Specifically, the following questions gyided data collection and analysis: (1) What are the pedagogical beliefs of exemplary technology-using teachers? (2) How do these beliefs facilitate and support meaningful uses of technology? and (3) What are teachers' perceptions regarding the incentives that foster meaningful use? Open-ended questionnaire, interview, and observation data were collected and analyzed to identify the beliefs and practices that were common, as well as distinct, across teachers. Findings suggest that teachers' exemplary technology practices were guided by strong pedagogical visions which were rooted in their beliefs about student-centered classrooms. Teachers' primary reasons for using technology related not to extrinsic rewards, but to the many ways in which students benefited. (MES) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) ll? This document has been reproduced as re?~1ve? from the person or organization ongmatmg il. D Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. • Points of view or opinions stated in this do?~ment do not necessar!ly represent offiCial OERI position or policy. ' / '


Indian subcontinent is famous for the paratha, the flatbread. The present attempt deals with preparation of paratha through utilization of leaves of mulberry, Morusalba (L) and it's assessment for the health parameters. The ingredients used for paratha are whole meal wheat flour; white wheat flour; salt; dried leaves of mulberry, Morus alba (L); curry leaves; herbs de provence; rapeseed oil and fresh extract of leaves of mulberry, Morus alba (L). The percentages of fresh extract of leaves of mulberry, Morusalba (L) in five different groups of paratha include: 0.00; 05.00; 10.00; 15.00 and 20.00. The contents of proteins; polyphenols; the abilities of scavenging DPPH, ABTS and abilities of reduction of Fe 3+ and chelation of Fe 2+ in the five groups of paratha in the attempt were found significantly improved through the increase in the contents of fresh extract of leaves of mulberry, Morusalba (L). The fresh extract of leaves of mulberry, Morusalba (L) through the paratha is going to serve as a functional food and may be useful in the prevention of different diseases.  Human being ought to remember about mulberry, Morusalba (L) and try to use it in the diet of in every-day. The present attempt demonstrated rich polyphenol contents in the mulberry leaf extract obtained on a semi-technical scale, which results in antioxidant activity of final functional food preparation in the form of paratha. Mulberry paratha significantly improves the health-promoting qualities of food preparations.


Objective: The purpose of this paper is to develop and validate a LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of gemcitabine in whole human blood using dried blood spots . Methods: Gemcitabine fortified blood samples without tetrahydrouridine were spotted (50 µl) onto the DBS cards and dried for 2h at ambient room temperature. 3 mm punched spots were extracted by acetonitrile: water (90:10v/v) containing carbamazepine as internal standard (IS). Analyte and IS were separated on BDS Hypersil C18,(100 X 4.6 mm, 5 µ) column using a mixture of methanol and 2 mM ammonium acetate buffer (65:35 v/v) at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. Detection involved API-4000 LC-MS/MS with electrospray ionization in the positive ion mode. Results: The assay was validated over the concentration range of 5-5000 ng/ml. Intra and inters assay precision values (% CV) were less than 6.0% while the accuracy was within±15%. The mean recovery (%CV) of gemcitabine from DBS was ≥83.5% (≤4.0). Hematocrit values ranging between 0.25 and 0.62 were within acceptable limit with accuracy 93.0-103.1% of nominal values and %CV of ≤6.5 across the LQC and HQC levels. Gemcitabine was stable on DBS cards for atleast 90days at room temperature. Conclusions: A cytidine drug like gemcitabine exhibits ex vivo instability and rapidly converts to inactive metabolite in blood. All current published methods for stabilisation include tetrahydrouridine a cytidine deaminase inhibitor in the sample collection tubes. The proposed DBS method can be used as an alternative assay to conventional plasma analysis without adding enzyme inhibitor.


In this article, the real-time nonintrusive load-monitoring (NILM) problem with limited measurements, i.e., low sampling rate data, is investigated. NILM is a technique to identify the various types of appliances by analyzing the voltage and current features collected by sensors, such as smart outlets. It is one of the most important topics in smart grid management and optimization. Although recent NILM methods developed several general models that can be used for various scenarios, these algorithms either require high-frequency measurement devices or have been limited to use for some specific appliances. A real-time intelligent NILM algorithm that is able to be transferred among different appliances with low-frequency data is still lacking and desperately needed. In this article, a novel online learning-based intelligent NILM algorithm has been developed that can, online, infer a variety of appliances using a transferred model with limited measurements. Especially, the developed algorithm integrates the emerging transfer learning technique along with deep neural networks. Two neural networks are used in two different stages: 1) the long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network to extract the lower level spatial and temporal features from the gray-scale image generated by the measurements and 2) the probabilistic neural network (PNN) to classify the appliance type as well as transfer between appliances. Finally, the algorithm is implemented into practical smart outlet hardware to demonstrate its effectiveness.


Cooperation between autonomous and rational agents is still a challenge. The problem even gets harder if the agents follow different policies or if they are designed by different companies that have contradicting goals. In such systems agents cannot rely on the cooperation willingness of the other agents. Mostly, the reason for receiving cooperation is not observable as it is a result of the private decision process of the other agent. We deal with a multiagent system where the agents decide with whom to cooperate on the basis of multiple criteria. The system models these criteria with the help of rated propositions. Interaction in our system can only occur between agents that are linked together in a network structure. The agents adapt their values to the best performing neighbor and rewire their connections if they have uncooperative neighbors. We will present an imitation-based learning mechanism and we will theoretically analyze the mechanism. This paper also presents a worst case scenario in which the mechanism will fail.


India has a long history and strong base of traditional system of medicine.Siddha medicine has to increase its level of preparedness to face a new era of globalisation, information, exploration, and consumer awareness. In siddhar's classification, mineral objects are four kinds. Among these salts (Karasaram) are twenty five in numbers. In which Appalakaram is one of the natural salt. In siddha system of medicine the signs and symptoms of Azhal Keel Vaayu Noi are identical with osteoarthritis in modern medicine. Osteoarthritis is a joint inflammation that results from cartilage degeneration. To reduce this inflammation the single drug appalakaram was taken for evaluation of acute anti-inflammation by carageenan induced rat hind paw oedema method and chronic inflammation by cotton pellet granuloma method. In these pharmacological evaluations, the drug appalakaram possess mild acute and good chronic anti-inflammatory effect. The study methods, observation and the data of the results will be presented and discussed.


A mathematical model for describing the behavior of adsorbed macromolecules between two solid surfaces under condition when the plates approach or move away from one another. The model makes it possible to calculate the dependences of the number of monomer units of the polymer at a given distance to the wall, amount of monomer units bound with the surface, and the force acting between the plates on the distance between the plates. Model predictions compare favorably with the available experimental data.


Handball is very fascinating modern game with fast and excitement action. Successful performance in Handball requires the good motor abilities and physiological and precise skill to accomplish desired result. This study aimed to find out the effect of 12 week Plyometric and SAQ training on physiological variable of handball players. For this purpose the researcher selected 90 male handball players (30 each from plyometric, SAQ & control group), age ranges between 18-25 years. Samples were selected at different playing levels i.e. AIU, SGFI, HFI and PHA from Punjab state. Random sampling technique was applied to select the sample. Physiological variable i.e. pulse rate was selected for this study. To find out the difference among various groups (Plyometric, SAQ & Control group) of pulse ratevariable 'ANCOVA' test was applied at 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that experimental groups (Plyometric & SAQ) of handball players enhance the level of pulse rate as compare to control group.


A 25-yr-old female was referred for symptoms of acromegaly. Two months before admission she mentioned profuse sweating and complained of severe headache. Seven years earlier a large neuroendocrine tumor in the liver was detected. At that time she presented with secondary amenorrhea of 2-yr duration accompanied by fatigue, perspiration, diarrhea, weight loss, and disturbed liver tests (Table 1) and a large tumor in the right liver lobe palpable 10 cm below the right lower costal margin [23 3 18 3 25 cm by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); Fig. 1A]. During laparatomy a highly vascular tumor was found invading the left liver lobe. Abdominal exploration did not reveal other tumor foci. The tumor biopsy showed characteristics of a neuroendocrine tumor (Fig. 2A) with positive chromogranin and neuronspecific enolase staining. Serum pancreatic polypeptide (PP), chromogranin, serotonin, and urinary 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) were markedly elevated. Urinary catecholamines (dopamine and norepinephrine) as well as its degradation products (homovanillic acid and vanillylmandelic acid) were elevated as well (Table 2). Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy with [In-DTPA]octreotide showed major, but heterogeneous, uptake by the hepatic tumor without evidence of other tumor sites (Fig. 3). The search for a primary tumor site, especially in the pancreas, was negative after investigation by computed tomography scan, MRI, endoultrasonography, and somatostatin receptor scintigraphy. The hepatic tumor was considered unresectable by its size and site; chemoembolization (with cisplatinum/lipiodol) was performed in 1992 and 1994 for relief of mass symptoms. Tumor volume was considered unchanged in July 1996. At the time of referral in 1996, soft tissue enlargement, an enlarged tongue, and prominence of the jaw pointed to the diagnosis of acromegaly, confirmed by the markedly elevated GH and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels. Retrospective determination of the GH and IGF-I in samples collected at the time of the initial diagnosis showed comparable high values (Table 2). The patients' visual fields were normal, but pituitary enlargement with chiasmatic compression was present on MRI of the sella (Fig. 4A).


A 3-D calculation of the magnetic field produced in the air by a thin sheet model of a superconducting generator's 'horse saddle' type winding is presented. To be able to calculate the field everywhere in space, including on the winding, analytical expressions consisting of elliptic integrals are derived and numerical methods are used to solve them, permitting a new time-saving, efficient computation algorithm. >


Nasal trauma plays a major role in craniofacial trauma as nose is the prominent part of face. Though nasal injury is ignored at times but it is noticeable as it is aesthetically, functionally and structurally concerned. This article discusses about the nasal septum fracture in relation to mode of nasal injury, patient's compliance, treatment procedure and post-operative complication. along taking in account with the patients local, systemic and economical consideration.


Objective To investigate the effects of 60Co γ-ray partial radiation on chromosome aberration in human peripheral blood in vitro.Methods The samples of heparinized peripheral whole blood from 3 healthy persons were exposed to 60Co γ-rays at the doses between 0 and 8 Gy with the dose rate of 0.35 Gy/min at the temperature of 37 ℃ ,and then mixed with the unirradiated blood samples of the Microscopy was used to observe the chromosome aberration double ( centromere + centromere) and the biological dose was estimated thereby.ResultsThe amounts of double centromere + centromere were increased along with the dose of irradiation in all groups.The estimated biological dose was higher than the 1/3 of the irradiation dose when the dose was between 0.5 to 2 Gy,and was close to the 1/3 of the irradiation dose when the dose was between 4 to 8 Gy.Conclusion Chromosome aberration can be used as a biomarker in estimation of uneven irradiation.

Key words:
Partial irradiation;  Human peripheral blood;  Chromosome aberration


Modeling and performance analysis of a compact hybrid liquid desiccant absorber is carried out in this work. The proposed absorber can be described as a direct contact heat and mass exchanger with several flow passages separated from each other by thin plates. Each thin plate, besides separating the water-air passage from the solution-air passage, also provides contact area for heat and mass transfer between the fluids flowing in each passage. A sensitivity analysis for process air at 32/spl deg/C, 0.022 kg/kg and return air at 23/spl deg/C, 0.009 kg/kg using a lithium chloride solution was performed in this study. Performance showed a strong dependence on the physical size of the absorber, the solution concentration, and the ratio of cooling to process air mass flow rate. However, negligible differences were found between the performance of a parallel and a counter flow arrangement. Finally, it was concluded that the proposed absorber will not offset both the latent and sensible load of the process air, and therefore an auxiliary cooler will generally be required to meet the sensible load in a typical comfort application.


The technological process for the disposal of mixed electroplating wastewater under alkaline condition was chosen by thermodynamic analysis, throretical calculation, and experiment investigation. In this process, NaClO was chosen as oxidant, Na_2S and FeSO_4 as reducer. And also by theoretical calculation and experiment investigation, the optimal radio of Na_2S to FeSO_4 as: Na_2S 80-90 per cent, FeSO_4 10-20 per cent was detemined. Using Na_2S as oxidant can reduce sludge quantity by 60-70 per cent in comparison with using FeSO_4 only. A practical real project by this technology has already gotten better results.


The object of the following Bachelor thesis was to design and test an easy and well-arranged credit tool - a rating model which KORADO, a.s. could apply in the use of their credit policy. This rating model was designed in order to make the work of the Credit Risk Management sub-department more effective and at the same time to make more effective use of currently available internal and external data. Should the company decide to use this rating model, no additional expenses would be incurred. The reader of this work will gain theoretical knowledge regarding financial analysis and will become acquainted with the major external agencies providing rating evaluations. As well, the reader could apprise the theoretical rating model, including its practical use on four domestic and four overseas customers of KORADO, a.s.


Three novel metal–organic frameworks, Cu4(OH)2(SO4)(HBTC)2(bpy)·bpy (1), Cu1.5(H2O)(TMBTC)(bpy)·1/2H2O (2) and Cd2(H2O)5(TMBTC)(bpy)2·NO3·3H2O (3), constructed from mixed organic ligands, have been synthesized and characterized. Complex 1 crystallizes in monoclinic space groupC2/c and possesses a 3D three-fold interpenetrating framework. The copper ions were first connected by HBTC and SO42− to generate a 1D ladder, which was further linked by a 4,4′-bipyridine ligand to give rise to a 3D interpenetrating framework. Complex 2 crystallizes in monoclinic space groupP2/c and possesses a 3D two-fold interpenetrating framework. Similar to 1, the copper ions were first connected by TMBTC to generate a 1D tubular unit, which can be considered as the assembly block. The 1D tubular unit was further linked by 4,4′-bipyridine ligands to result in the formation of the 3D framework. Complex 3 crystallizes in monoclinic space groupCc and has a three-dimensional structure. Different from 1 and 2, the cadmium ions were first connected by a 4,4′-bipyridine ligand to form a 1D chain as the assembly unit, which was further linked by TMBTC ligand to generate the final 3D framework. The photoluminescence measurement of 3 in the solid state at room temperature showed that complex 3 exhibits luminescence, which can be assigned to an intraligand π → π* transition.


Children and music are the theme of this article conceived as a sort of rehearsal, with the aim of thinking a musical education of childhood. Its theoretical foundations emerge from conversations between music education and childhood studies, and formed the basis for  the lecture workshop held at the II Congress of Childhood Studies, in September 2019, at the University of the State of Rio de Janeiro. The text addresses methodological openings present in creative approaches to curricula based on network formats and circles. Improvisations and compositions made by children and guided by professor-artists who know their craft, emerge from these experimental dynamics. The participation of children in collaborative action with their teachers gives, in turn, new meanings to the teacher's role in the form of "double listening"—listening both to children and to their musical expressions. The development of research in children's music has powerful implications both for musical education and for the field of education. This research also contributes to childhood studies, since listening to children's musical expressions makes it possible to know more about what they think, feel and do when they create their music. It also promises to result in greater visibility and audibility for the songs invented by them, and for the recognition of the importance of music education in schools.


We discuss the method to determine the spin of black holes by employing the broad relativistic iron line profiles in the X‐ray domain. The precision of the spectral fitting procedure could be compromised by an inappropriate account for the angular distribution of the disc emission. We perform radiation transfer computations of an X‐ray irradiated disc atmosphere to constrain the directionality of the outgoing X‐rays in the 2–10 keV energy band. We study how sensitive the spin determination is to the assumptions about the intrinsic angular distribution of the emission.


A wide-band dual polarization microstrip antenna for TD-LTE applications is presented. A quasi-cross-shaped slot and square ring parasitic strip are used to generate orthogonal linear polarizations with higher purity and to broaden bandwidth of antenna. A prototype was fabricated and measured. The measured bandwidth covers from 2.3 to 2.7GHz with VSWR<;1.5. The gain of the proposed antenna range from 7.8 to 8.6 dBi in its working band.


Abstract The resolution of growing conflict between monkey and man requires quantitative data on the nature and context of manmonkey agonistic (aggressive-submissive) interactions particularly in the urban areas. The ethological approach was followed to study the effect of habitat, species, and season on agonistic interactions between humans and monkeys in the city of Shimla. Three way ANOVA revealed that the rhesus monkeys in the temple area interacted more agonistically with humans than the rhesus monkeys in the bazaar area, and from the Hanuman langurs in both the study areas. The habitat and season did not have significant effect on these interactions. Agonistic interactions between the monkeys and humans occurred mainly in context of space; food as a context for conflict had significance only in case of rhesus monkeys, but not for the Hanuman langurs. The intensity of agonistic interactions, in general, was low for both the species. The findings suggest that it is not the severity of attack by the rhesus monkeys, which is generally highlighted, but the overall dependence of this macaque on human resources is a matter of concern. Therefore, the strategies of conservation must be directed to minimize this dependence.


The role that the criminal justice system can play and should play in order to protect the public health as well as be fair and just in its dealings with people living with HIV is discussed. Optimism is on that 2011 will be the year wherein giant strides are made towards HIV justice for all.


Alkylation and acylation of phenylthio 2,3-dideoxy-α-D-erythro-hex-2-enopyranoside derivatives at the anomeric centre by polarity inversion give C-1 alkylated or acylated phenylthio 2,3-dideoxy-α-D-erythro-hex-2-enopyranosides.


A hemin-permeable hemB mutant had no 5-aminolevulinate dehydratase (ALA D) and extremely low porphobilinogen deaminase (PBG D) activity. When the structural gene for hemB was introduced into this strain on a single-copy plasmid, both activities were observed. When the mutant was grown on PBG, normal PBG D activity was observed. Moreover, a hemA mutant had little or no PBG D activity unless it was grown on ALA or PBG. Neither hemin nor PBG affected the level of PBG D protein produced from in vitro transcription and translation of a plasmid harboring the hemC gene as an insert. We conclude that, in Escherichia coli, PBG availability controls the activity of PBG D at some posttranscriptional level.


We expand the earlier invented method of massive Feynman diagrams calculation, namely, the differential equations method, to N-point diagrams. We obtain a simple algorithm which allows us to reduce the vertex-type diagram to the propagator-type diagrams, the box-type diagram to the vertex-type diagrams and, in general, the N-point diagram to the (N-1)-point diagrams. We show that this method provides a simple procedure of evaluating the result without D-space integrals (for the dimensional regularization) calculation.


The famous real time operation system μCOS-Ⅱ to be applied in embedded system commonly was used in power electronics control field and worked out program to realize switched reluctance motor drive control, through experiment with three phase(12/8) 15 kW switched reluctance motor, the feasibility using this real time operation in switched reluctance motor drive control was indicated in this paper.


A new method for imaging shallow subsurface using 3D prestack time migration is proposed. The method is implemented as a very fast, fully automatic, macromodel-independent procedure. The migration algorithm is based on a multipath summation of seismic traces. Contrary to the conventional techniques requiring information on migration parameter (velocity or radius of wavefront curvature) which is usually estimated by a time-consuming optimization procedure, the proposed multipath approach does not require exact values of the parameter since applies spatial summation over a wide range of the parameter values. Furthermore, performing the multipath summation with image-dependent weighting can significantly improve the resulting images. The method was tested on synthetic and real data. The results of the testing show that the obtained time migration images are usually similar to those obtained using the conventional Kirchhoff migration. In cases of varying velocities the results of the weighted multipath migration may be even superior to those of the conventional migration.


AIM To explore the appropriate dose of dehydromonocrotaline(DHMC) in the development of beagle pulmonary hypertension models.METHODS Twenty-eight beagles were randomized to receive 3 mg·kg~(-1)(n=12),2 mg·kg~(-1)(n=8) and 1.5 mg·kg~(-1) DHMC(n=8) via a Swan-Ganz Catheter in the right ventricle.The pulmonary arterial pressure was measured by the Swan-Ganz Catheter and the cardiac output(CO) was determined by the Vigilance monitror system at baseline and at 8 weeks after drug administration.Necropsy and hematoxylin-eosin staining were undertaken for dead animals.RESULTS All beagles with 2 mg·kg~(-1) DHMC were succussfully induced pulmonary hypertension with no death.However,only 5 of 12 animals with 3 mg·kg~(-1) DHMC survived during 12 weeks follow-up,and non of animals with 1.5 mg·kg~(-1) DHMC induced pulmonary hypertension.CONCLUSION DHMC induces beagle pulmonary hypertension in a dose-dependent manner.Considering both the survival and successfulness,the dose of 2 mg·kg~(-1) DHMC should be recommended in the development of pulmonary hypertension models.


Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to broaden the knowledge to identify which factors influence the relationship between business undergraduates and corporate social responsibility (CSR).

Design/methodology/approach

Hypotheses have been developed to test the relationship between personal values of business undergraduates and CSR. Results have been achieved from 434 questionnaires within a survey through seven campuses of Brazilian universities. The data were primarily submitted to descriptive statistics – univariate analysis, followed by a four-factor analyses and finally, a structural model – one of the components from the structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied.

Findings

The results identified that undergraduate students who valued issues and behaviours connected with self-direction, stimulation, universalism and benevolence are more prone to value organizational philosophy towards CSR. Furthermore, it was identified that the more business administration students value such themes, there will be a higher chance of them of getting involved in CSR, when occupying decision-making positions. Further results show that women valued the issue more – and their interest increased, as they become older.

Practical implications

The results contribute to the identification of a student profile with increased affinity towards CSR, as well as highlighting gaps in business education, which will affect future managers' social responsibility standards and decisions.

Originality/value

This paper suggests new hypotheses and adopts measures towards personal values and CSR, which had not been used together previously.


mon Characteristic. Of Poisons, and the Conditions which hinder their su,fficient Trial as Special Remedies. Of common Remedies, vt-hich seem occasionally to have a special Power. IT is wonderful how multitudinous are the uses of cinchona; and in all its uses it is still a specific or special remedy. It is the type of remedies that cutre, in all their powers, degrees, and ways of curing, from the greatest to the least. It cures single-handed and alone far beyond what can be ascribed to any other remedy. Thus it is the greatest of specifics. And it supplies, by a virtue of its own, the shortcoming of other medicines to remove the disease and restore to health, oftener and more effectually than any other special remedy. Thus it is the greatest of special auxiliaries. Here and elsewhere, and in all the known world, experience has the same report to make of cinchona and its specific power to cure alone and absolutely, and also of the special help it has to give ether remedies in curing diseases which would go uncured without it. The renown of cinchona is ubiquitous, because the diseases which it cures are found every where-diseases bred of noxious things, which come from earth and sky and changeful seasons. If a man visit the fairest regions of the earth, he takes with him plenty of quinine as the safeguard of his existence; for it is in those regions that he is sure to encounter, in greater frequency and force than at home, all the diseases over which it exercises


The invention discloses an inching group object high resolution imaging method based on an augmented Laplace operator, which solves the problem that the current itching group object high resolution imaging method has no universality to the complex inching mode and is not applicable to high resolution imaging under the complex environment. The inching group object high resolution imaging method based on augmented Laplace operator comprises steps of obtaining an initial track matrix , using an augmented Laplace operator method to reconstruct the initial track matrix, performing classification on multiple objects based on the classification matrix, and realizing the inching group object high resolution imaging based on the matrix singular value decomposition. The inching group object high resolution imaging method is high in stability, small in imaging error, and good in universality for self-rotation, processional motion and nutation, and can be used for the group inching object high resolution imaging under the circumstance where the data is lost in the initial track matrix and the noise and the singular value exist.


The construction of a harmonious campus needs the establishment of a harmonious teacher-student relationship and the latter is of vital importance in which the teacher plays a leading role.The present paper,based on the present state of the relationship,puts forward the ways and means to construct such a relationship.


Postpartum lactating (n = 12) and nonlactating (n = 11) women and never pregnant women (n = 14) collected urine samples and diet records 2 d each month for 6 mo to determine whether postpartum women conserved urinary calcium, magnesium, or zinc. Mean daily excretions were analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of variance and covariance to assess group and time effects. Lactating women excreted less urinary calcium (1-6 mo) than never pregnant (n = 8) and nonlactating (n = 4) women who did not use oral contraceptives (P < 0.01); however, excretion rose (P < 0.05) by 3 mo postpartum. In the nonlactating and never pregnant groups, women using oral contraceptives excreted less urinary calcium than the other women (P < 0.01). Lactating women excreted less urinary zinc (1-6 mo) than did control and non-lactating women (P < 0.01). Mechanisms may possibly be operating during lactation that depress urinary calcium for > or = 2 mo and urinary zinc < or = 6 mo postpartum.


OMS Avon is an object-oriented database management system developed in the Global Information Systems (GlobIS) Group at ETH Zurich. Besides serving as a proof-of-concept for the OM data model, the system's aimed uses range from rapid prototyping to teaching. Adequate performance plays a crucial role in the acceptance process of a software system. Given the previously non-satisfying performance of OMS Avon, this thesis shows several aspects of performance analysis and optimisation in an object database management system. We first present a description of general techniques of performance analysis and optimisation. Because of its poor performance, the existing storage engine based on db4o is subjected to a redesign leading to a considerable performance increase. We also show the implementation of B+-Trees as index structure for selection queries on attribute values and the associated increase in query performance. Performance matters and therefore does this thesis! And besides, this thesis will be LEGEN – wait for it – DARY!


The science of ecological restoration involves building the technical understanding needed to restore damaged ecosystems, such as wetlands, which provide critical services needed to support human health and economic well-being.


For his Presidential address Dr M. Macgregor chose the subject of ‶Some Suggestions for the Furtherance of Geological Research in Scotland.″ He referred to the proposal made a few years earlier for an annual publication sponsored by the Geological Societies of Edinburgh and Glasgow and suggested that if this were not possible the two Societies might collaborate in the production of an annual review in which all papers dealing with Scottish geology could be listed and summarised. A publication of this nature would not only serve as an annual bibliography to Scottish geological literature subdivided under such headings as Palæontology, Stratigraphy, Petrography, etc., but might also indicate the nature and scope of research work in progress. He also suggested an annual conference at each of the four University centres in turn to be attended by representatives of the University Geological Departments, the Geological Societies and the Geological Survey at which problems or subjects for investigation might be brought forward and methods and means of attack discussed. Such meetings would (1) assist in securing for research workers the advice and guidance of others who may have worked on similar problems to theirs; (2) promote co-operation; (3) prevent or minimise overlapping of research; and (4) draw attention to problems that might otherwise be neglected. The lecturer then dealt with some of the problems that seemed to him to fall into category (4). He emphasised the need, both on scientific and economic grounds, for increased attention being paid to the study of sedimentary rock types and especially to their detailed petrology. The application of modern petrographic methods to the investigation of the various sedimentary types in the Scottish Carboniferous rocks, for example, would certainly be extremely valuable. No systematic comparative account of our Carboniferous sandstones, limestones or the various materials broadly grouped under the heading of ‶cannels and canneloid shales″ had yet been undertaken. Examples of various types of sandstone, limestone, cannel, etc., from different horizons in the Carboniferous sequence were shown and their microscopic characters described and compared. Investigations of this nature, apart from their economic bearing, might throw much light on the evolution of physiographic conditions, and if correlated with a study of sedimentary sub-cycles and rhythms might also be of great assistance in establishing correlations and in providing data for assessing the stratigraphical range of minor tectonic or climatic changes.


The objectives of this study were to determine the depth of penetration into the soil by Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) and Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysan., Thripidae) in cucumber and tomato crops in greenhouses. A metal sampling apparatus sampled for the two species of thrips at five levels of soil depth (0–10 cm), over seven dates of sampling, each in eight replications. In general, thrips were found to be in greater numbers in the first 2 cm of soil, with the number of insects decreasing with depth increasing. In the depth of 8–10 cm, no insects were found. Number of thrips found in the soil under cucumber plants was greater in comparison with the tomato samplings. Frankliniella occidentalis was found in greater numbers in comparison with T. tabaci. The date of sampling showed a significant interaction with soil depth, with the number of insects found increasing from the first to the last date of sampling.


As the debate over the merits and demerits of technology trade between East and West gathered force in the 1970s, an awareness slowly dawned that the issues at stake touch the fortunes not only of the United States but those of her allies as well, including Japan. Japan's own success with technology imports, beginning only a few decades ago, gives grounds for new fears regarding future competitiveness on the part of a reinvigorated Soviet economy. Further, Japan's raw-materials vulnerability and the importance of export markets to her economy have led some to suggest that Japanese technology trade with Communist nations might leave her leadership politically vulnerable to pressure from Moscow and elsewhere. As this article demonstrates, such fears are largely groundless. The Japanese and Soviet approaches to technology transfer for economic development display far more differences than similarities. Likewise, in terms of a potential Japanese export dependency on Soviet markets, Tokyo remains more critical to Moscow than the reverse. From the perspective of Japanese import dependency, especially in the energy sector, a review of the statistical picture that can be drawn up for Japanese-Soviet energy cooperation in Siberia reveals that the Soviet contribution to Japan's energy balance, even in 1990, will be quite minimal. The real issue, this article concludes, arises from the need for the United States to develop a policy for the control of technology trade between East and West that will reflect the needs and perspectives of all Western allies, rather than those of the United States alone.


A highly enantioselective copper-catalyzed conjugate addition of diethylzinc to acyclic aromatic enones was developed with phosphoramidite ligands bearing a D(2)-symmetric biphenyl backbone. This type of reaction demonstrated that toluene and THF solvents can completely reverse the absolute configuration of the products, thus simplifying the process of accessing either enantiomer (S: 92% ee, 94% yield; R: 99% ee, 96% yield).


In this paper, an approach is presented for the detection of abnormal behaviours in the activities of people living alone in their homes. The proposed approach takes input from Kinect cameras and extracts a number of visual attributes that represent the occupant's location and orientation. A set of fuzzy logic parameters is first learnt from the training data. Next the proposed approach learns epochs of activities in each location and then generates models of normal behaviour patterns. Unusual behaviour is then detected in subsequent data by looking for patterns which differ from the learnt normal behaviours based on their time of occurrence, visual attributes, or duration. Experiments conducted showed the effectiveness of the proposed system.


In recent years, learning analytics has gained considerable attention of researchers and practitioners in both Information Systems (IS) and education disciplines. In order to provide a better understanding of objects and their relationship in learning analytics, this paper introduces an ontology of learning analytics that acts as a knowledge management tool and an encyclopedic reference tool for those who are interested in learning analytics. Furthermore, the proposed ontology allows systematically and symmetrically future research to contribute to the growth of the scientific field as well as to identify the critical gaps within it.


Compatibility of Neuquion granules in combination with each of 31 adjuvant drugs was investigated in terms of change in appearance and weight. The mixtures, wrapped with white wax paper or polyethylene-laminated cellophan paper, were kept at 35° with relative humidity of 92% or 25° with 75%, respectively. Changes were examined immediately after compounding, and 2, 4, 7 and 14 days after. Some changes which could affect administration were observed in many combinations. But no significant changes attributable to the granules were detected. Marked change in appearance was seen after combination with Marzulene-S granule, but it was confirmed by thin layer chromatography that no chemical change took place between the two products.


A compliment is a universal social linguistic phenomenon, which has its own expression ways in the English and Chinese culture respectively. This paper mainly probes into the influences of cultural differences upon the compliment-response interaction from communicating situations, objects, and patterns. It aims at eschewing pragmatic failures in the foreign communications for lack of cultural knowledge, thereby helping to communicate appropriately.


Depositional characteristics of the 'Divide unit' of the Cretaceous Beaverhead Group within the southern Beaverhead Mountains challenge previous interpretations. This study reassigns the Divide unit to the Neogene. This revised age assignment highlights a major influx of immature sediment at the onset of Basin-Range normal faulting. Syntectonic deposition in an active half-graben continued from Middle Miocene to the Pliocene, attaining a thickness of 800 m. Local clasts of carbonate, orthoquartzite and siliciclastic sedimentary lithologies entered the channel from the immediate west through large mass-wasting events. Dacitic fluvial cobbles dated herein to 98 Ma were recycled from the underlying Beaverhead Group. Clasts of the Ordovician Kinnikinic or Swan Peak Quartzite of Idaho experienced multiple phases of recycling from regional Cretaceous conglomerates such as the Beaverhead Group. Preliminary detrital zircon analysis of a feldspathic quartzite cobble identifies the Brigham Group of the Pocatello area as a source. Detrital zircons of anomalous ages suggest long-distance transport from the southern Basin and Range. This major drainage, analogous and likely continuous with that of the Sixmile Creek Formation in SW Montana, was long-lived until uplift associated with passage of the Yellowstone volcanic system (aka Yellowstone hotspot) halted deposition between 4.5 and


Abstract probabilities as elements of some probabilistic set P are reduced. The set P is defined by some axioms, which are analogy to the properties of the real numbers [0, 1]. There is shown that such set P preserves many natural probabilistic properties. There are some nontrivial examples of such probabilistic sets.


The concept of social aid has been of long standing.However,most of it aims at the "group" characteristics of the aided,and little consideration is given to "individualistic" demand,so it is trapped in the predicament of "failure to provide what people need" or "providing what people do not need".How can we get out of this embarrassment? Chengdu city has proposed the "act-according-to-actual-circumstances" individual-based service.Surveys have shown that this new attempt to resolve the social aid problems can "provide what people need" and is thus recognized by the aided to quite an extent.However,when we continue to popularize it,we must deal with three issues well: The first one is the relation between individualistic need and overall planning;the second one is the relation between demand discrepancy and resource configuration;and third is the relation between transfusion and blood generation.