In recent years, nanoporous thin films have been widely studied for thermoelectric applications. High thermoelectric performance is reported for nanoporous Si films, which is attributed to the dramatically reduced lattice thermal conductivity and bulk-like electrical properties. Porous materials can also be used in gas sensing applications by engineering the surface-trapped charges on pore edges. In this work, an analytical model is developed to explore the relationship between the thermoelectric properties and pore-edge charges in a periodic two-dimensional nanoporous material. The presented model can be widely used to analyze the measured electrical properties of general nanoporous thin films and two-dimensional materials.


Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) in Internet of Thing (IoT) is used in different areas of research for monitoring, collecting and analysing data from remote sites. This paper presents a WSN based reconfigurable interface device for water quality monitoring (WQM) in an IoT environment. The proposed WQM system consists of sensors, Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), Zigbee wireless communication protocol and personal computer. The system is designed for monitoring water quality such as water temperature, water level, water pH, turbidity of water and Carbon dioxide on the surface of water. The FPGA board is the heart of the system and a Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language and C++ are used for software system of the proposed designed device. The proposed system collected the data in parallel and in real time basis with high speed from multiple different sensor nodes. The results of the proposed system were validated with the laboratory experiments. Based on the results, it can be concluded that there was no significant difference of water data measurement between the proposed system and the laboratory measurement. The proposed WQM system was able to minimise the operating time, cost and power consumption.


A source in a packet based communication network including network domains (source; SRC) and the destination (destination; DST) virtual dedicated line between the source and the destination are in different domains in order to achieve packet transfer between the (virtual leased line; VLL ) a method of opening is initiated by, the bandwidth broker (bandwidth broker; BB) are coupled with each network domain.


Significant improvement in the delivery of breast cancer care has been made in the last decades and new (targeted) treatments became available on the market. However, improving the ability to identify tumor characteristics, may potentially even further reduce over- and under treatment or decrease costs. Several initiatives have focused on the use of prognostic or predictive molecular biomarkers that may guide the treatment of breast cancer patients. In current clinical practice, tissue biopsies are used to determine biomarker expression and thereby characterize the tumor. However, obtaining tissue biopsies is invasive and consequently is not suitable to repeatedly assess tumor characteristics. Furthermore, potential sampling errors, tumor heterogeneity and the potential of tumors to change over time may result in divergent tumor profiles when repeatedly sampling tissue from solid tumors. In order to increase the probability of capturing the full tumor profile, new technologies may be required. An innovative field aiming to develop a technology that is less invasive and suitable to capture potential tumor heterogeneity, is focusing on the use of liquid biopsies. Such innovative techniques can, however, only be successfully implemented in clinical practice when their clinical utility has been demonstrated in clinical trials. In this thesis, the clinical utility of molecular biomarkers in breast cancer management was evaluated. It demonstrated that traditional diagnostics are less frequently performed on both, tumor biopsy and tumor resection material, than expected. When tests were performed on both materials, the results are usually concordant. Still, new methods such as liquid biopsies, suitable to frequently obtain tumor biopsies, are required. While liquid biopsies are thought to be promising, the majority of studies focusing on liquid biopsies is not sufficiently focusing on evaluating their clinical utility, which is necessary before new diagnostics will be implemented in clinical practice. To date, the clinical utility of new liquid biopsies is only evaluated in the STIC METABREAST trial. Though the clinical outcomes have shown that using circulating tumor cells to guide either chemotherapy or endocrine therapy in metastatic breast cancer is non-inferior, the health economic outcomes demonstrated that this strategy is not cost-effective when considering short term outcomes.


This note deals with the Fourier representation of particle shape. A frequency distribution pn, n = 1,2, …, expressing the contribution of the different harmonics to the dispersion of the position vector is defined. The Meloy law of morphological coefficients may be derived by optimizing the value of the informational entropy which is attached to pn.


Better educated people have a greater probability of being employed, are economically more productive, and therefore earn higher income. Investment in human capital in general and education in particular are essential for overall development and poverty reduction in any country including India. Education stimulates economic growth and development of poor countries, when both the quantity and the quality of education are considered. This also makes it possible for individuals to earn more. Recently, education has been considered as a primary weapon against poverty in any country in general and India in particular. Keeping in above, present paper is an attempt to investigate the linkage between education and poverty in India. For this, education elasticity of poverty is calculated by taking literacy rate as a proxy for education & Head count ratio for poverty. And paper concludes that education improves knowledge and skill and helps poor people to pull them out of poverty.


A pproximately 8.5-million Americans aged >40 years have peripheral artery disease, a disease that increases morbidity and mortality. 1 Recent advances in peripheral vas-cular intervention (PVI) have improved safety and vessel patency, increasing the popularity of percutaneous endovas-cular treatment modalities for peripheral artery disease over traditional open surgical approaches associated with higher morbidity. 2 Since 1995 there has been a 10-fold growth in the rate of PVI and a simultaneous decrease in surgical vascular interventions. 3 Access site complications (ASCs), including hematoma associated with and without pseudoaneurysm, is the most frequent PVI complication, occurring in 1.0% to 11% of procedures. 4–8 Proposed risk factors of this complication include female sex, advanced age, prior anemia, prior heart failure, low creatinine clearance, rest pain, heparin use, and nonuse of a closure device. 9 Because of incomplete analysis, inconsistent bleeding definitions and small study populations of patients undergoing PVI, ASC predictors, and outcomes are not fully elucidated in the literature. Accordingly, this study evaluated the incidence, predictors, and outcomes of peripro-cedural ASCs in an unselected real-world patient population who underwent PVI. This retrospective study analyzed data on 22 226 patients who underwent 27 048 PVI procedures from August 2007 to May 2013 in >130 centers participating in the Society for Vascular Surgery's Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI). A description of the VQI has been published previously. 10 Complications are site determined and based on examination of the medical record documentation. Basic automated validation occurs when a data field is empty or when data are outside preset parameters. Further validation occurs by comparing data entered into Background—Access site hematomas and pseudoaneurysms are the most frequent complications of peripheral vascular intervention (PVI); however, their incidence and risk factors remain unclear. Methods and Results—We retrospectively analyzed data from the multicenter Vascular Quality Initiative on 22 226 patients who underwent 27 048 PVI from August 2007 to May 2013. Primary end points included incidence and predictors of access site complications (ASCs), length of postprocedural hospitalization, discharge status, and 30-day and 1-year mortality. ASC complicated 936 procedures (3.5%). Of these, 74.4% were minor complications, 9.7% were moderate requiring transfusion, 5.4% were moderate requiring thrombin injection, and 10.5% were severe requiring surgery. Predictors of ASC were age >75 years, female sex, white race, no prior PVI, nonfemoral arterial access site, >6-Fr sheath size, thrombolytics, arterial dissection, fluoroscopy time >30 minutes, nonuse of vascular closure device, bedridden preoperative ambulatory status, and …


Innovation and entrepreneurship education has become an important part of higher education reform. This paper discusses the possibility of the SPOCs platform incorporated into innovation and entrepreneurship education, and further studies the relevant curriculum and practice system, teaching methods and evaluation mechanism. Based on above studies, it initially constructs the mode of innovation and entrepreneurship education based on SPOC platform.


In this thesis we investigate two pricing models for valuing financial derivatives. Both models are diffusion processes with a linear drift and nonlinear diffusion coefficient. The forward price process of these models is a martingale under an assumed risk-neutral measure and the transition probability densities are given in analytically closed form. Specifically, we study and calibrate two different families of models that are constructed based on a so-called diffusion canonical transformation. One family follows from the OrnsteinUhlenbeck diffusion (the UOU family) and the other from the Cox-Ingersoll-Ross process (the Confluent-U family). The first part of the thesis considers single-asset and multi-asset modeling under the UOU model. By applying a Gaussian copula, a multivariate UOU model is constructed whereby all discounted asset (forward) prices are martingales. We succeed in calibrating the UOU model to market call option prices for various companies. Moreover, the multivariate UOU model is calibrated to historical return data and captures the correlations for a pool of 4 assets. In the second part of the thesis we examine the application of the Confluent-U model to the credit risk modeling. An equity-based structural first-passage time default model is constructed based on the Confluent-U model with efficient closed-form (i.e. spectral expansions) formulas for default probabilities. The model robustness is tested by its calibration to the credit default swap (CDS) spreads for companies with various credit ratings. It is shown that the model can be accurately calibrated to the credit spreads with a piecewise default barrier level. Finally, we investigate the linkage between CDS spreads and out-of-the-money put options.


Finite strain analyses were performed on a deformed metaconglomerate from the Calamita Unit in the Island of Elba. The Calamita Unit is a synkinematic contact aureole that was shaped by Late Miocene contractional deformation coeval with high‐temperature metamorphism. The metaconglomerate occurs as an L‐tectonite in the footwall of a major thrust, entirely surrounded by S‐tectonites developed in schistose rocks. Object lineations, defined by the preferred orientation of clasts, trend subparallel to the stretching lineations in the associated rocks. Quartz microstructures registered ductile deformation of clasts by grain boundary migration to bulging recrystallization, suggesting temperature decrease during deformation. Rf/ϕ analyses were carried out on three metaconglomerate samples using quartzite clasts as markers. The finite strain data show that the metaconglomerates are strongly deformed in the constrictional field with K values between ~3 and ~7. The constrictional deformation registered by the metaconglomerate with respect to the surrounding metapelites, which likely deformed under plane strain, can be interpreted as the result of flow partitioning in rheologically heterogeneous sequences during deformation. These results suggest the presence of significant strain gradients in the Calamita Unit, strictly associated with heterogeneously distributed ductile shear zones.


Abstract >> The Sulfur-Iodine thermochemical hydrogen production process (SI process) consists of the Bunsenreaction section, the H 2 SO 4 decomposition section, and the HI decomposition section. The HI x solution (I 2 -HI-H 2 O)could be recycled to Bunsen reaction section from the HI decomposition section in the operation of the integratedSI process. The phase separation characteristic of the Bunsen reaction using the HI x solution was similar to that of I 2 -H 2 O-SO 2 system. On the other hands, the amount of produced H 2 SO 4 phase was small. To investigate theeffects of SO 2 solubility on Bunsen reaction, the continuous Bunsen reaction was performed at variation of the amounts of SO 2 gas. Also, it was carried out to make sure of the effects of partial pressure of SO 2 in the conditionof 3bar of SO 2 -O 2 atmosphere. As the results, the characteristic of Bunsen reaction was improved with increasingthe amounts and solubility of SO 2 gas. The concentration of Bunsen products was changed by reverse Bunsen reaction and evaporation of HI after 12 h.Key words : Hydrogen production(수소 제조), SI process(황-요오드 공정), Bunsen reaction(분젠 반응), HIx solution(HIx 용액), Continuous reaction(연속식 반응), Pressurized reaction(가압 반응)


Mercury ion (Hg) is highly toxic metal ion that might exist in potable water. According to U.S. EPA standard, sub-10nM or sub-2ppb (parts per billion) is required for drinking water. Herein a simple, cost-effective and sensitive method for Hg detection is proposed. A two-step detection strategy has been developed. Step1 includes an inactive DNAzyme mutant and an assistant sequence. The existence of Hg could stabilize T-T mismatches in DNAzyme mutant, converting it into activate status, thus self-hydrolysis reaction is triggered simultaneously. The interaction between degraded DNAzyme and its assistant oligo results in the release of particular single-stranded domain as initiator for dendritic DNA self-assembly reaction in step2. Each double-stranded substrate of step2, which is modified with fluorophore and quencher on different strand, is at quenched status at first. The initiator-dependent DNA dendritic self-assembly behavior is accompanied with fluorescent intensity growth which is real-time monitored with fluorescence spectrophotometer and confirmed by PAGE analysis. Aiming at leakage inhibition and sensitivity improvement, DNA sequences have been designed carefully and operating conditions for the reaction have been optimized.


A battery management system includes one or more lithium ion cells in electrical connection, each said cell comprising: first and second working electrodes and one or more reference electrodes, each reference electrode electronically isolated from the working electrodes and having a separate tab or current collector exiting the cell and providing an additional terminal for electrical measurement; and a battery management system comprising a battery state-of-charge monitor, said monitor being operable for receiving information relating to the potential difference of the working electrodes and the potential of one or more of the working electrodes versus the reference electrode.


Over 4,000 RTs were collected for one S in a 5-mo. period. A normal distribution was approximated for the particular sensory-motor link studied.


Background— Recent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies suggest increased transverse relaxation rate (R2*) and reduced diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the SN in PD. The R2* and FA changes may reflect different aspects of PD-related


Transparent and highly oriented (Sr, Ba)(Nb, Ta)2O6 (SBNT) thin films have been synthesized by a chemical solution deposition method. A homogeneous and stable SBNT precursor solution was prepared by controlling the reaction of metal alkoxides in solution and by optimizing the additive as a stabilizing agent. Tantalum-substituted (Sr0.5Ba0.5)Nb2O6 powders and thin films, such as (Sr0.5Ba0.5)(Nb0.5Ta0.5)2O6 (SBNT50/50) and (Sr0.5Ba0.5)(Nb0.8Ta0.2)2O6 (SBNT50/80), directly crystallized into the tetragonal tungsten bronze phase at 700°C. The synthesized SBNT thin films on MgO(100) and Pt(100)/MgO(100) had a prominent c-axis-preferred orientation. Two crystal lattice planes of SBNT were found to intergrow at an orientation of 18.5° on MgO(100) and Pt(100)/MgO(100) substrates by X-ray pole figure measurement. The SBNT50/80 and SBNT50/50 thin films on Pt(100)/MgO(100) were paraelectric at room temperature and showed diffuse phase transition of the ε-T curves.


Despite extensive research on consumer innovativeness, the literature does not contain a parsimonious construct that has been validated for use across countries, demographics, and categories. This study attempts to fill this gap by studying consumer innovativeness across 15 major world economies. Significantly, the authors find that four negatively valenced items constitute a construct of innovativeness that seems reasonably applicable across most countries. Although this construct of innovativeness varies systematically from country to country, common demographic antecedents emerge across countries. Within these commonalities, a measure of innovativeness shows some distinct category × demographics and category × country differences.


Recent elastic $p\ensuremath{-}p$ ${C}_{\mathrm{LL}}$ measurements and other $p\ensuremath{-}p$ data indicate the existence of $^{1}D_{2}$, $^{3}F_{3}$, and $^{1}G_{4}$ resonances at energies of about 2140, 2260, and 2430 MeV, respectively. These resonances accurately correspond to nuclear-physics-type rotational levels of a virtual $\mathrm{pp}\ensuremath{\pi}(2020)$ bound state.


The ultimate advances in information technologies lead to new possibilities in terms of educational approaches. One of them, which are the focus of this paper, is to improve the handwriting skills of children by use of a tablet. The Android based application presented here promotes an autonomous learning without losing the input, expertise and preferences of the teacher(s). The app is based on the use of machine learning classifiers and image processing techniques to compare the written character with the character created or uploaded by the teacher and to grade the performance accordingly. keywords: Apps, character recognition, handwriting, machine learning, image processing, self-learning


A new voluntary initiative from the Beer Institute encourages beer companies to list calories, carbohydrates, protein, and fat content on beer labels.


In this paper, the problems associated with determining the status of heirs who are entitled to remu-neration under license agreements, as bankruptcy creditors, were analyzed. The theoretical and practical aspects of understanding "intellectual property rights", as well as the provisions of civil law relating to property and property rights that are part of the inheritance were considered in detail. Theoretical investiga-tion of the mass of the succession formation, if it involves property rights, was performed. In addition, copyright refers to existing jurisprudence, which erroneously interprets the two opposite-polarized con-cepts of "author's remuneration" and "remuneration of the author of the result of activities under a license agreement". Thus, in the case of confirmation of his debt in relation to the rights of heirs under contracts, it is possible to apply to the arbitration court in such a way with initiation of bankruptcy proceedings. It was concluded that the existing legal uncertainty creates an erroneous interpretation and, therefore, application of laws in the current judicial practice. This is due to the fact that the law does not contain a definition of "property rights" in the context of intellectual property rights. The bankruptcy law also does not specify whether it is possible to obtain the status of a bankruptcy creditor in case of having either legally acquired or inherited property rights. In this connection, some corrections were proposed into the current bankruptcy law.


The creation of various technologies main objective is to improve our society and to maintain peace in our society. In this paper we try to focus on one of the problem that our society faces, that is various crimes and anomalies that lead to creation of tension in the society. In this paper we have done a survey of various available techniques for anomaly detection in live video surveillance and give a comparative analysis between these available techniques. Real-time anomaly detection will decrease human efforts that goes into watching surveillance videos and will be useful in crime detection.


An integrated automatic water supply system for the engineering drilling machine is composed of a diaphragm pump sleeving on the output shaft, a pumping tube assemblage and a fastly exchangeable embedded water-sealing box. The supporter of said diaphragm pump is screwed to the output shaft which has an additional eccentrical drive bearing for drivin said diaphragm via a guide push rod. Its advantages are compact structure and easy application.


We report on Large-eddy simulations (LES) of flow around a short cylinder mounted in a narrow plane channel in a range of Reynolds
numbers 1000, 2000, 3750 based on the bulk velocity of the flow and diameter of the cylinder supplemented with Particle image velocimetry
(PIV) measurements for the highest considered Re. First two cases appear to be steady, however, for Re=3750 the flow becomes unsteady with the
wake dominated by periodic vortex shedding. In front of the cylinder typical horseshoe vortices are identified intensifying the skin friction and
heat transfer on the wall, while in the near wake we observe a quasiperiodic low-frequency secondary motion in the form of a pair of counterrotating
eddies developing in the transverse direction. The Karman vortex street remains the dominant pattern, but further downstream from the
cylinder the transport across the channel is associated with the secondary streamwise vortices, as also previously observed in slot jets. We observe
their impact on heat transfer and skin friction on the wall of the channel.


Aims The aim of the project is to support new psychiatric trainees identify common and serious physical health issues on psychiatric wards out of hours; along with the appropriate management and escalation. Methods The project began in March 2021, supporting our Medical Education Team with a film project to be shown at induction. Doctors coming to psychiatry jobs come from many different clinical roles. Feedback was received that trainees were unhappy managing medical emergencies in psychiatric hospitals. Most new trainees don't necessarily have knowledge of the capabilities and limitations of care on a psychiatric ward. A survey completed from two trainee rotations regarding the most common physical health issues they encountered and the challenges they faced was used to narrow down to 3 film scenarios, incorporating a comprehensive list of clinical cases that could be encountered on call. We included physical health and mental health emergencies, use of MHA & capacity assessments. We worked with a production company producing scripts and expanded on the scenarios with the help of medical and nursing staff to ensure the scenarios remain relevant, and as realistic as possible to existing trainees. The final stage of the project was November 2021 which involved filming with the production company and professional actors who brought our concept to life. Post-production, we presented them during trust academic program to launch the videos in mid-2022. Results The videos were received positively and quantitative scores completed by a questionnaire before and after showing the videos showed an improvement in confidence in assessing, managing and treating patient with physical health issues and those with physical health complications of their mental health in a psychiatric hospital from 39% to 88% (response rate 62/90). Conclusion/recommendations We are proud to report that these videos are now being used during every junior doctor induction and can be referred to if a refresher on that topic is required later. We are excited about this innovative method of training using high-quality videos to ensure trainee engagement. We hope it will form a baseline for further discussions and teaching around the topics derived from the scenarios. The videos were designed to last many years and so we hope will be of benefit to current and future trainees of all levels. This successful project will be expanded further and we are in the process of developing other scenarios that can be used for training.


In the age of big data, the analysis of data with accurate and efficient algorithms has become indispensable. Algorithm analysis and portfolio-based algorithm selection are important applications in order to find appropriate algorithms for an unknown problem. The suitability of an algorithm depends on its performance, in terms of prediction accuracy. However, experimental procedures with these algorithms are often computational demanding. Thus, the prediction and modelling of runtime are affecting algorithm selection. Therefore runtime becomes a performance measure. It can be split into two parts: the training time, which indicates, how long it takes to train an algorithm on a certain dataset; and the prediction time, which indicates, how long it takes to perform a prediction. In this thesis, runtime of machine learning algorithms is modelled separately for training and prediction time. Besides dataset characteristics, the influence of the hyperparameter values of an algorithm on runtime is analysed. The concept of meta-learning, which is an approach to predict the suitability of an algorithm, are applied to relate the dataset characteristics and the hyperparameter values of the algorithm to runtime. The empirical study considered 6 classification algorithms, 65 dataset from OpenML, and 4 different regression models, with a focus on gradient boosting with componentwise linear models. For comparing gradient boosting with smooth components, a generalised linear model and random forest was used. The experimental results demonstrate that the best prediction performance on training data is achieved by random forest. Moreover, the prediction results of all models are better than a commonly used baseline. The results for gradient boosting algorithms advise using more sophisticated variable selection methods in order to get sparser models. Overall, the concept of meta-learning is a valid method to predict runtime. This encourages using this method to its full extent for further developments, including methods to generalise prediction accuracy of the regression methods for future instances.


Objective To understand the influenza A(H1N1) infection status in the population of Nanhai District,Foshan City. Methods To collect the serum samples of different age groups according to the schemes specified by Guangdong Provincial Health Bureau,and then conduct antibody identification based on the hemagglutination inhibition(HI) test method;In case the HI antibody titer is ≥1∶40,it can be judged as positive. Results The positive rate of the influenza A(H1N1) infection in Nanhai district is 30.42%(146/480),with the highest rate at the third research(43.13%).The difference in the overall positive rate between the three times of research shows statistic significance(χ2=20.10,p≤0.001).The group of Age 4 to 24 has the highest positive rate(46.15%).The difference in the positive rate between male and female presents no statistic significance.The urban population has a higher infection rate than the rural population,and the relevant difference bears statistic significance. Conclusion There was an outbreak of influenza A(H1N1) in the communities of Nanhai district,indicating a significant infection rate.The schools and nurseries in villages shall be the focus for the prevention and control of this disease.


— Precision measurements of co-located and hyper-polarized 3 He- 129 Xe gases are a promising technique for searches for a wide variety of new physics that couples to nuclear spin, most of which are in principle inaccessible at accelerators. Especially important are measurements of: Lorentz-violation; CP-violation in the form of a Xe EDM; relics of high-energy symmetry breaking; and ultra-light dark matter axion scenar-ios. The power of such measurements stems from very high signal-to-noise ratios and long interrogation times, enabling extreme precision in the determination of the precession frequencies of the spins of the species. Unfortunately, so far such He-Xe co-magnetometers have not realized their potential due to a systematic shift between the 3 He and 129 Xe frequencies that changes by a few (cid:22) Hz during each measurement, and limits the ability of this technique to identify new physics. This systematic has also been a subject to notable controversies in the community. I will present careful studies where we traced the issue back to residual longitudinal magnetization of the He and Xe, which affects the precession frequency of the two spin-species differ-ently. Reducing this effect will greatly increase the potential physics reach of He-Xe co-magnetometers.


Based on the introduction of the trade dispute between China and European Union about cigarette lighters made in Wenzhou, the existing problems of the information management in Chinese enterprises are analyzed, such as the lack of information mechanism, the coexistence of the overloaded and insufficient information, the imperfect information management system and the indistinct policies,and the causes also discussed. The countermeasures for perfecting the enterprise information management are put forward from three aspects, namely the enterprise,the trade association, and the governmental organization.


In this paper, simulation and analysis of the movement and energy of glass balls is carried out in the different mechanical plating bucket by using PFC3D software. In four kinds of different mechanical plating bucket, the influence of the bucket structure, rotation rate and mixed small glass balls on the effect of the coating of good quality, their characteristics and application conditions are studied and analyzed. Some results have better guidance significance for understanding the movement and energy of small glass balls and designing mechanical plating bucket. The results show that the quadrate and circular mechanical plating bucket are not perfect structure, hexagonal structure is better, octagonal structure is best. In order to obtain coating of good quality, it is best perfect to use octagonal mechanical plating bucket and mixed small glass balls at 30 rpm rotation rate. These simulation results compared with the practical application results is very consistent.


Background Although established as a general notion in society, there is no solid scientific foundation for the existence of sex-differences in multitasking. Reaction time and accuracy in dual task conditions have an inverse relationship relative to single task, independently from sex. While a more disseminated network, parallel to decreasing accuracy and reaction time has been demonstrated in dual task fMRI studies, little is known so far whether there exist respective sex-related differences in activation. Methods We subjected 20 women (mean age = 25.45; SD = 5.23) and 20 men (mean age = 27.55; SD = 4.00) to a combined verbal and spatial fMRI paradigm at 3.0T to assess sex-related skills, based on the assumption that generally women better perform in verbal tasks while men do better in spatial tasks. We also obtained behavioral tests for verbal and spatial intelligence, attention, executive functions, and working memory. Results No differences between women and men were observed in behavioral measures of dual-tasking or cognitive performance. Generally, brain activation increased with higher task load, mainly in the bilateral inferior and prefrontal gyri, the anterior cingulum, thalamus, putamen and occipital areas. Comparing sexes, women showed increased activation in the inferior frontal gyrus in the verbal dual-task while men demonstrated increased activation in the precuneus and adjacent visual areas in the spatial task. Conclusion Against the background of equal cognitive and behavioral dual-task performance in both sexes, we provide first evidence for sex-related activation differences in functional networks for verbal and spatial dual-tasking.


This paper presents a High-Order Fuzzy CMAC adaptive control, using the fuzzy subset to partition input state spaces, employing the multi-layer quantification to quantify input states, and utilizing the algebraic product and algebraic sum to integrate the result of multi-layer quantification. The controller has better capability of generalization than the ordinary CMAC. Due to the use of multi-layer quantification, the controller has better control performance than that simply based on the generalized basic function fuzzy CMAC. Temperature control experiments on an industrial furnace prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.


This paper draws upon ethnographic research to examine physical training—or sport—and its implications for education. By education, which etymologically derives from the Latin, educare, I am invoking the notion of personal edification. Therefore, I conceive of education as a process whereby the person involved undergoes and experiences growth and development in a physical, intellectual, as well as ethical and cultural sense. Education as described here is therefore holistic, being simultaneously intellectual, somatic, moral, and aesthetic. Because of the opportunity it provides for whole-person development, cultivating mind, body, and affective sociality (self-other relations), I submit that physical training is imbued with significant educational potential. Put differently, physical training is necessarily an educational activity that is seldom recognized as such, neither by those working in sport nor in education. This paper therefore challenges common understandings of both education and sport, domains that are typically demarcated from each other. The separation of the intellectual from the physical is in line with the tradition of the


The main purpose of this community service activity is the development of the industrial center / ikat weaving endek and songket Klungkung can be effective if supported by mobilizing focused and integrated cross-sector and sub-sector activities in the fields of production, management, cooperation and licensing and implemented at the location of SME ikat endek weaving partners and songket, such as Gelgel Village and Sampalan Klod which are centers of endek and songket weaving industries in Klungkung Regency. This focused effort should be carried out multi-year in a sustainable manner, to support and deliver craftsmen partners in their capacity as local business actors capable of conducting and establishing industrial / craft activities with sustainable export market development programs.


'Artist' is a tricky word anywhere these days, but in my experience this is particularly true in Jingdezhen, China. While working as an artist-in-residence at Zhenrutang in Jingdezhen, I met some of the most skilled artisans I've ever encountered, but not many artists in the sense that the word is bandied about in America. As a Westerner, the mentality of art making in Jingdezhen was as foreign to me as the cuisine, well-known components treated in a different way but then labeled with the same words. I am familiar with many of the components of Chinese dishes just as Jam with many of the words used relating to object making. However, the manner in which both are constructed, as well as the final result, was somewhat alien to me.


eSmartGuard system is developed to improve the safety level of the people and assets in universities,companies,or any organization by assisting the security personnel to patrol and performs their duty efficiently.The eSmartGuard NFC tags are installed at multiple points along the patrolling routes with unique Identification (ID) which identify different locations/points or routes.The guards will patrol according to their planned routes and records their arrival by scanning the NFC tagged checkpoints with eSmartGuard reader (Smartphone).The system is connected wirelessly to its cloud database on the internet.In line with current trend in technology where information are accessible at the fingertips.eSmartGuard mobile application provides convenient access to system efficiently.Once the NFC tags are scanned,then the information will be transmitted to cloud database.These information (i.e. location/point scanned,time,date,guard ID) are retrievable remotely via mobile device and computer.The reports are available in the form of duty,weekly,monthly and yearly basis for analysis and continual improvement.An important value added (or feature) of this system is real time incidents detection or emergency events with instant notification to authorized personnel.eSmartGuard system is able to help the organization to provide excellent and efficient implementation of standard operating procedure (SOP) and improve the security of the assets and premises.


This study aim to determine correlation between simple carbohydrates intake, dietary fiber intake, and excercise habbits on body mass index (BMI) of employee. This study used a cross-sectional method. As many as 63 peoples were selected as samples using purposive sampling method. Simple carbohydrate intake and fiber intake were measured using a 2x24 hour recall method, exercise habits were measured using exercise habits questionnaires. BMI was measured using digital scales and microtoise. The result showed an average simple carbohydrates intake 37.8 � 33.3 g/day , dietary fiber intake 9.7 � 4.1 g/day, excercise habbits 63.6 � 77.7 minutes/week. The pearson correlation test showed insignificant relationship between simple carbohydrates intake, dietary fiber intake, and excercise habbits with BMI (p = 0.976, 0.871 and 0.454). Simple carbohydrates intake, dietary fiber intake, and excercise habbits did not relate with BMI head official employee Unsoed.


IN a paper in 1968 Sir Gavin de Beer enlarged on the influences that had played on Darwin's mind during the years of education, and gave transcripts of the fifteen letters in the possession of the Shrewsbury School Library (1). If at that time, when I was working on the life of Dr Albert C. L. G. Gunther, F. R. S. (1830-1914), one time Keeper of Zoology at the British Museum, I had known of Sir Gavin's intention, I would have asked him to include in his paper transcripts of the letters Darwin wrote to my grandfather, which I would then have presented to my old school.


In the United States, the federal government is increasingly using requirements for informational labeling on food products to influence 1) consumers' knowledge and purchasing patterns and 2) manufacturers' product offerings and marketing practices. We discuss the economic rationale behind these regulations and issues related to judging their success or failure.


Back-propagation trained neural networks, as well as extreme learning machine (ELM) were used to predict car driverpsilas steering behavior, based on road curvature, velocity and acceleration of a car. Predictions were performed using real-road data, obtained on a test car in a country-road scenario. We made a simplification using gyroscopically measured curvature of the road instead of visually extracted curvature measures. It was found that an optimum exists how far one has to look onto a curvature signal, according to neural network prediction accuracy. Velocity and acceleration did not improve steering signal prediction accuracy in our framework. Traditional neural networks and ELM performed similarly in terms of prediction errors.


Roger Martin, dean of the Rotman School of Management, University of Toronto, isinterviewed on the subject of "design thinking"—approaching managerial problems asdesigners approach design problems—and its potential impact on managementeducation. Under a design-thinking paradigm, students would be encouraged to thinkbroadly about problems, develop a deep understanding of users, and recognize the valuein the contributions of others. In Martin's view, the concept of design thinking canpotentially address many of the criticisms currently being leveled at MBA programs. Theinterview is followed by a discussion and critique of the themes Martin raises.


Ami S. Bhatt F.W.H. and A.S.B. contributed equally to this work. Corresponding author: Ami S. Bhatt, MD, PhD, Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Center for Innovation in Global Health, Stanford University, 269 Campus Dr, Stanford, CA 94305; e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Despite living in a connected world, many research projects are developed with a so-called "convenience bias," resulting in partnerships based on existing professional networks and collaborations. In addition, community-based cancer control programs are often implemented independently to address specific urgent and existing needs. Consequently, these projects and programs do not benefit as much as they could from best practices and protocols developed through other long-term engagements. As the global burden of cancer increases, cancer researchers and program managers are likely to benefit from a more complete understanding of ongoing work in cancer control. The limited availability of tools for collaboration and sharing of best practices have resulted in a call to action for the scientific community to partner on the development of a platform that provides knowledge of existing resources and expertise.


Rotating beams are extensively used in different mechanical and aeronautical installations. In this paper, a systematic approach is presented in order to solve the eigenvalues problem through the Timoshenko beam theory. The equations of motion are deduced by using the Hamiltonian approach. These equations are then solved by the differential transform method (DTM). The obtained numerical results using DTM are compared with the exact solution. Natural frequencies are determined, and the effects of the rotational speed and axial force on the natural frequencies are investigated. Results show high accuracy and efficiency of the differential transform method.


The adequacy of the translation of any text depends not only on the correct reproduction of the meaning of the words, but also on the placement of accents of the utterance, compliance with the full or partial syntactic aspect. Usually the narrative sentence has a direct word order, which greatly facilitates the translation from French into Ukrainian. However, finding a rhyme at the beginning (or middle) of a sentence may also be due to the need for its positional contact with the members of the previous sentence; split of the common rhyme; rhythm; the author's desire to quickly express the main idea. In most cases – if not all – the structure of the topic is deliberately formed by the writer. And the translator must be able to convey its hidden meaning, otherwise the accuracy of the translation will be questionable. The results of the research show that, except in cases where the above differences are determined by the grammatical structure, the translation should always reproduce the thematic structure created by the author's idea. It is safe to say that awareness of the thematic structure can be a valuable tool for determining the quality of translation. The analysis of the source text involves taking into account all linguistic aspects: semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic. In contrast to scientific and socio-political texts, the literary text appears as a multilayered inhomogeneous structure in terms of composition and in terms of plot and semantic connections, which is reflected in the ways of arranging the elements of the actual division. Learning to recognize and distinguish the theme and rhyme is necessary for the logically correct construction of the text, because one of the criteria for the correct transfer of the text in translation is its structure, and hence coherence, logic, integrity. Therefore, in order to perform an adequate translation, the ability to analyze the text and find the theme and rhyme is important. The theory of actual division of the sentence is a tool for identifying a variety of means that help preserve the expressive nature of the language in translation.


The penal provisions relating to forgery and counterfeit are contained in Chapter XVIII, Sections 463 to 489 which cover the offences relating to documents and property marks. The economic offences in respect of currency notes and bank notes are contained in Sections 489A to 489E. Whoever counterfeits or knowingly performs any part of the counterfeiting process, any currency-note or bank-note, shall be punished with imprisonment for life, or imprisonment for a term up to ten years and shall also be liable to fine. Punishments for use and possession of forged or counterfeit currency notes/ bank notes are prescribed in Sections 489B and 489C respectively. Does mere possession and use of forged or counterfeit currency and bank notes attract punishment?


PREMATURE sexual precocity is not rare. In the case reported here, daily gonadotropic, estrogenic, androgenic (17-ketosteroids) and progestin metabolic products (sodium pregnanediol complex) assays were made almost every day for 50 days. This child apparently was endocrinologically a normal adult female, but in age a child. CASE FINDINGS R.J., a girl 4 years and 11 months of age, was brought to the author's office because of precocious menstruation and abnormally rapid growth. She was born February 21, 1935, as shown by the birth certificate; delivery was normal. She weighed 9¾ pounds at birth and 17 pounds at two months. The father of the patient was 32 years old, weighed 128 pounds and was 5 feet and 8 inches tall. The mother was 28 years old, weighed 173 pounds and was 5 feet and 5 inches tall. The mother's menstrual periods began at the age of 12 years. The patient had one sister, 10 years old, apparently normal.


The log-periodic principle of antennas can be applied to circuits with guided waves as well. It promises wideband performance with almost unlimited bandwidth. Although described in literature more than 40 years ago such circuits did not find wide use. This article aims to demonstrate practical design and properties of a circuit based on log-periodic principle. The authors selected a balun consisting of a wideband equal power divider (Wilkinson type) and a 180-degree differential phase shifter. The shifter, based on log-periodic principle, consists of cells containing asymmetric striplines interconnected by offset broadside-coupled striplines. The resulting circuit covers two octaves centered at 1 GHz.


Ishiguro has been preoccupied with memory since his earliest novel. How we remember and what we choose to remember have frequently been key considerations in his oeuvre. Ishiguro, in an interview during the publication of When We Were Orphans, stated that nostalgia, in its purest form, "is to the emotions what idealism is to the intellect", that it is a way of "longing for a better world". Unlike many writers and critics who tend to view nostalgia as a negative trait, Ishiguro chooses to view it positively, utilising nostalgia (along with memory) as a key element in his work that is evident in his novels, short fiction and screenplays.

Paul Ricoeur was a key figure in 20th century continental philosophy who maintained a strong interest in the field of literature. He had been preoccupied with the themes of memory, forgetting and recognition toward the end of his life, particularly in the different ways in which we remember and forget key events, how we recognise different versions of ourselves, and how as social beings we receive mutual recognition from within a community. Utilising various aspects of Ricoeur's theories, this chapter examines the themes of memory, nostalgia and recognition across a selection of Ishiguro's writing, demonstrating the uniquely profound and elegiac nature of his work.


The objective of the research is to determine infidelity and family violence, the method used was
descriptive of a quantitative approach, applied type research, with a level of descriptive research, nonexperimental, transactional design. The population was made up of 130,900 thousand family households, and
for the collection of information a probabilistic sampling of a stratified type was made of 383 samples from the
seven provinces, for which the Infidelity Tendency Questionnaire (T-IFD) was applied. ), aimed at diagnosing
emotional problems. The results obtained on the incidence of membership need is 66.34% of people who
experience family violence; and as for the incidence of Prejudice in the Apurímac region, it is 67.72%. The
incidence on the Lack of Dialogue of the respondents is 71.12% with a tendency to seek new experiences and on
the incidence of Search for new experiences, there are 66.58% of the respondents and what the incidence of
family violence is at 14.3% at the level of the Apurímac region are observed with a higher incidence of intrafamily violence. Concluding infidelity is high, such as the need for belonging, prejudice and lack of dialogue,
and a high percentage that seek new experiences and that somehow affects family violence.


Fatigue can be defined as intense activity or a reduction in mental or physical function without the possibility of adequate rest and renewal during the long study period.
In the event of fatigue, loss of mental or physical ability decreases vigilance and attention, psychomotor skills are degraded and situational awareness is lost.
Fatigue is not only seen as a reduction in mental or physical abilities, it also causes psychological impairments, decreased productivity and the formation of exhaustion.
Taking into account all these considerations, mental, physical and psychological fatigue can lead to job accidents. In recent years, the problem of sleepness / fatigue has been a focus in aviation, due to the safety hazards associated with impaired operator alertness.
It is often stressed that pilot fatigue has a significant impact on aviation accidents, but it is emphasized that fatigue is a problem not only of pilots but of all team members (air traffic controllers, maintenance technicians, other ground handling, managers, cabin crew etc.) in the safe flight chain. If the mentioned about share of fatigue in aviation mishaps,
fatigue is responsible for 15-20% of fatal accidents.. As an example of this, there was an accident which resulted in 49 people were killed on aircraft and 1 person was killed on the ground on Colgan Air plane in February 12,2009. Fort his accident, The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has also shown fatigue was among the main causes of the accident.
In aviation, psychophysiological effects of fatigue and sleeplessness are very important in terms of flight performance and flight safety. At this point, planning and implementing fatigue management or fatigue precautions will be beneficial for a safe flight.


In order to rapidly predict tsunami water levels in coastal zones where the water depth is deeper than 50 m, a method is proposed which convolutes tsunami water levels observed in the sea and tsunami propagation effects excited by a small fault. To predict tsunami water levels in coastal zones where the water depth is shallower than 50 m, a method is proposed which uses a small-scale tsunami numerical simulation. This study investigates the validity of the proposed methods, by applying these methods to numerical simulation data for the 2011 off the Pacific coast of Tohoku earthquake (Mw 9.0).


Successfully transitioning to adulthood requires a successful transition from high school into college or the workforce. Yet for many emerging adults, this transition is not successful, leading to disengagement from school and work. Dual enrollment, where high school students enroll in college coursework, may help to facilitate this important life transition. This study applied propensity score matching to statewide administrative data to investigate the effects of dual enrollment on college and early labor market outcomes. We found a significant effect of dual enrollment on 2-year and 4-year college enrollment, degree attainment, and early labor market earnings 6 years after high school, with stronger effects for students who are traditionally underrepresented (e.g., Black and Other race students and students eligible for free and reduced price meals). This study highlights the potential for targeting dual enrollment programs toward underrepresented students to improve the transition into college and the workforce for emerging adults.


Introduction Marriage is generally known to be a union between two people, usually a man and a woman. However, in Lesotho, like in other African cultures, marriage is more than just a union between two individuals. In Lesotho, marriage can be considered as a union of two big families that comprise four sub-families (two from each family). The families have reciprocal obligations towards each other, such as mutual respect, solidarity, caring for one another, etc. Marriage is considered a divine institution by the Basotho, and has to be respected traditionally. Generally speaking, marriages in Africa used to be arranged. Arranged marriages are marriages which are negotiated primarily by the parents of the couple, rather than the couple themselves. For centuries, arranged marriage was the only way to marry in most African cultures, and it was believed to ensure stronger, happier marriages which also took the form of economic, social, and political alliances. According to Matsela (1990), traditional marriage in Lesotho was planned by parents who would choose a wife for their son. Choosing a girl to marry was very important. Those who were involved did so in a dedicated and honest manner so that their son would marry somebody to make him and the rest of the family members proud and happy. They considered the type of family from which the girl they were going to marry came, especially the mother, in relation to whether she was physically strong, clean, of commendable behaviour, etc. However, modernisation has rendered things much easier these days; so much so that parents no longer choose wives for their children. Nowadays, young men choose their partners and present them to their parents when they think they are ready for marriage. Yet, the latter still have to be careful in their choice and also in the presentation process for their choice to be accepted by the parents. In other words, parents still have a very important role to play when it comes to the type of girl their sons choose. Surprisingly, the boy's family is more selective than the girl's family. Generally, the girl's family is more concerned with their daughter's well being. Thus, they concentrate more on whether the boy will be able to cater for their daughter's needs. This paper looks at traditional marriage in Lesotho with an attempt to discuss the language used during the entire process. The paper shows that traditional marriage in Lesotho has different phases and the conversations involved at each stage cater for the needs of that particular stage. This implies that the language used during traditional marriages in Lesotho differs in terms of the demands of each phase of the ceremony. The linguistic register for 'ho raha moritsoana' Generally speaking, boys in Lesotho marry from the age of 25 years, although this may not be the standard age. They must have, however, gone through the circumcision process and be trained to take care of a wife. Girls, on the other hand, get married at the much younger age of 18; and although 18 is considered as the minimum age for girls to get married, tradition holds that some girls were given away for marriage even at the age of 16 (personal communication) or even younger. Traditionally, when a boy thinks he is ready to get married, he will carry out certain actions which will make the parents aware of his readiness to form a family of his own. One of such things is that he will wake up very early and take all the cattle with their calves out for grazing, o raha moritsoana (he kicks a beautifully molded pot of clay). This is an important sign that says to his parents 'I am now ready to get a wife'. The boy places his plea humbly but in a visible manner, that is why there is use of 'kick', which denotes a visible action. When his parents wake up and discover that he has taken the cattle out for grazing, they immediately know that he wants them to dowry a wife for him. …


Stephen Phipson, CEO of Make UK calls for an industrial strategy that builds on UK manufacturing's existing strengths and capitalises on new opportunities.


Houndmills: Macmillan Press; New York: St. Martin's Press, 2000. Pp. 277. $59.95. Evoking images of pedestrian travel and vagrant wandering, Romanticism on the Road: The Marginal Gains of Wordsworth's Homeless suggests a broad study of romantic literature's engagement with what Anne D. Wallace in Walking, Literature, and English Culture (Clarendon, 1993) calls the peripatetic, a version of georgic in which walking takes the place of cultivation. In the Introduction, Benis qualifies this notion by offering "a cultural history of vagrancy in the Georgian period as refracted through the early poetry of William Wordsworth ..." (1). Our expectations are not exactly disappointed, for Romanticism on the Road occasionally draws our attention to the cultural significance of walking as a form of bourgeois entertainment and as the vagrant movement of the homeless. Nonetheless, this is not a book about romanticism in general, nor is it precisely a cultural history of vagrancy, except in as much as one is willing to allow Wordsworth to stand in as the paradigmatic romantic writer and his "refractions" of vagrancy to serve as the representative cultural mediations of homelessness. What Romanticism on the Road does offer is a carefully researched and intellectually engaging study of Wordsworth's vested interest in vagrancy as an index of resistance to, and complicity with, the domestic, social and legal categories that governed the discourse on homelessness in the 1790s. Expanding upon earlier studies of Wordsworth's vagrancy, such as David Simpson's Wordsworth's Historical Imagination (Methuen, 1987), my Wordsworth's Vagrant Muse (Wayne State, 1994) and Celeste Langan's Romantic Vagrancy, (Cambridge UP, 1995), Romanticism on the Road correlates subtle thematic transformations in Wordsworth's poetry with changes in the vagrancy laws from the early 1790s through 1805. As Benis shows, the increasingly reactionary vagrancy laws interpellated the homeless and the vagrant as politically subversive or criminally suspicious bodies whose movements should be contained or curtailed. Moreover, in the language of these laws vagrancy functioned as a particularly open-ended metaphor, whose entailments blurred the boundaries between vagrancy, homelessness, sedition, and criminality. Setting up a dyad that structures the book's argument, Benis explains that in contrast to this official vilification of vagrancy, Wordsworth's poetry deploys vagrancy as a figure of refuge, a metaphor for marginal space outside the regulative grids of juridical, political and domestic order. Nonetheless, Wordsworth's vagrant is no Dean Moriarty, defiantly, if recklessly, subverting convention, for Wordsworth never fully accepts life "on the road," never fully extricates himself from the policing gaze of the law. Positioned between the illegitimacy of his willful (if sometimes wistful) identification with vagrancy and the freedom and fulfillment it promises, Wordsworth's poetry thus negotiates "between independence and community"--that is, between freedom and ideology (35). In Romanticism on the Road Benis tracks these negotiations from An Evening Walk through The Prelude and portrays Wordsworth as a man fully engaged with, but finally ambivalent about, the pressing issues of his time, a man who occupies what some might describe as a liberal humanist position in the middle of the road. Chapter 1, "Unsettling Powers in the Early Landscapes," focuses upon An Evening Walk and Descriptive Sketches, poems that expose the arbitrary nature of social constructs and challenge the attempts of domestic and social institutions to provide fixed categories on which to frame individual identities. Reminding us of the instability of Wordsworth's own childhood home, Benis points out Wordsworth's profound disaffection with the domestic ideal: for Wordsworth "Home meant self-forgetfulness and enclosure from the outside world, but it also meant obligation and sorrow" (46). …


Abstract The aim of the study was to check the occurrence of Legionella pneumophila in thermal water and to compare different analytical methods of its determination and/or quantification used in different laboratories. The research has shown that there are noticeable differences between results from culture method, qPCR, and FISH. Significant influence on the results has got analysts qualification, samples preparation, and equipment parameters. Very important is also the homogeneousness of the samples. qPCR or FISH method can be used as a preliminary, quick study, for identification of Legionella in water samples but the results obtained should be confirmed by culture method.


Beamed Daylighting refers to techniques for daylighting deep within building interiors, beyond the perimeter zone in which diffuse light from the sky is available. The results of testing of various Beamed Daylighting prototypes, the findings of a review of patent documents in the field, and some options for design using Beamed Daylighting techniques are discussed.


Rising energy consumption and fuel prices could lead to energy costs eating up more than one-third of IT budgets within the next five years, according to a Gartner Group report that notes IT power demand is just the "tip of a melting iceberg for an IT industry that is currently unsustainable." BusinessWeek reports CIOs and technology vendors who now consider "green IT" a top priority would be wise to start investigating shortand long-term options to reduce the power consumption and associated carbon emissions of their data centers and equipment. Moreover, Gartner points out the IT industry should look beyond power to broader issues, such as limiting carbon and greenhouse gas emissions, using materials from renewable resources, recycling materials, and reusing heat from data storage facilities. The report predicts environmental pressures will also force organizations to address the fact that almost two-thirds of the energy they use is to cool equipment and how to handle the 512 million PCs expected to be disposed of in the next five years.


The purposes of this study are to compare the proteome of Vibrio cholerae O139 strains with that of O22, O155 and El Tor biotype epidemic strains, and to identify whether O139 strains have a close relation with the latter. Proteins of two V.cholerae serogroup O139 strains, two El Tor biotype epidemic strains, one O22 strain, and one O155 strain were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE); the silver stained 2-DE gels were scanned with digital ImageScanner and analyzed with ImageMaster 2D Elite 3.10 software. Similarities of protein maps between these strains were analyzed. The two O139 strains had 86% proteins in common; the two El Tor biotype epidemic strains showed 84% proteins in common; O139 strains shared 67%, 47% and 45% proteins with El Tor biotype epidemic strains, O22 and O155 strains respectively. Although the proteome of O139 strains have close similarity to that of El Tor biotype epidemic strains, great disparities exist. O139 strains may not originate from El Tor biotype directly, and a transition strain may exist.


GENERALITIES OF THE ®γ + jet ̄ PROCESS 116 CHOICE OF MEASURABLE PHYSICAL VARIABLES FOR THE ®γ +jet ̄ PROCESS AND THE CUTS FOR BACKGROUND REDUCTION 120 ESTIMATION OF A NONDETECTABLE PART OF Pt AND Pt SPECTRA 127 EVENT RATES FOR DIFFERENT Pt AND η INTERVALS 129 INFLUENCE OF THE Pt cut PARAMETER ON THE PHOTON AND JET Pt BALANCE AND ON THE INITIAL STATE RADIATION SUPPRESSION 135 DEPENDENCE OF THE Pt-DISBALANCE IN THE ®γ + jet ̄ SYSTEM ON Pt cut AND Pt out cut PARAMETERS 139


In this paper, a dual-frequency monopole antenna for applications in the Internet of things (IoT) is designed. The antenna adopts the FR4 material with a relative dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent angle of 0.02 as the substrate, which has a thickness of 1.6 mm. The radiation of the antenna is generated by two branches, which are printed on the front side of the dielectric substrate. The longer branch on the left corresponds to the lower frequency of 900 MHz, and the shorter one on the right corresponds to the higher frequency of 2.4 GHz. The ground is printed on the back of the substrate. By using meandered branches, the size of the antenna is reduced to 60 mm x 60 mm x 1.6 mm. Both the simulated and measured results show that the designed antenna has good impedance matching at both 900 MHz and 2.4 GHz, indicating that the designed antenna could be well applied to IoT applications.


NEW YORK-Laser iridotomy appears to work equally as well as traditional medical management in patients with pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS), according to glaucoma researchers here.


In broad strokes this chapter examines the roots of recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) and looks forward into its future. Much has already been written about the theory and application of recurrence methodology to real-world and complex systems. The overarching purpose of this present contribution is to introduce recurrence quantification as a unifying tool that has the timely potential of bringing together numerous and diverse fields of science under a common rubric of dynamical systems. The simple idea is that all scientists are studying "linguistic" systems that possess unique "vocabularies" and varied "grammars." But RQA can cut through these differences and encourage researchers in different research fields and scattered geographical locals to start talking seriously about the similarities of otherwise apparently diverse systems.


We study a class of dynamic sub-differential contact problems with friction, and thermale ects, for time depending long memory visco-elastic materials, with or without the clamped condition.We describe the mechanical problem, derive its variational formulation, and after specifyingthe assumptions on the data and operators, we prove an existence and uniqueness of weak solutionon displacement and temperature fields. Then we present a fully discrete scheme for numerical approximationsof the different solutions, and provide analysis of error order estimates. Finally variousnumerical computations in dimension two will be given.


This research aims to motivate students Grade 402 College Miguel Antonio Caro Night Jomada to approach reading literary works through theater, so that they can get to the texts themselves, not they feel compelled to read discovering that reading is an act that transcends the recognition of signs and words. Among the strategies used 10 workshops were applied with which the student could improve their body and oral expression, interpreting immersed facts in a story in this case the story, improve their reading habits and could maximize their capabilities invention and creation. This research project consists of five parts: the first consists of the project description: title, problem statement, background, problem formulation, justification, objectives. In the second we find the theoretical framework and the legal framework. In the third we found the methodological framework: methodology, methodological approach, data collection instruments, the population. In the fourth part is the analysis of the results. Finally there are the conclusions


From the perspective of caregivers, social interaction is a dynamic process in which many aspects are involved. Caregivers reported about eight main themes across child factors, parental factors and environmental factors that influence real-time as well as long term processes of social interaction. Our proposed model of social interaction in preterm infants visualizes the interrelatedness of these themes. Recommendation: Development of social skills and social power could be strengthenend by paying more attention to the relatedness between real-time social interaction experiences and long-term outcome, with regard to possible cascading effects.


The present study reports a new facile methodology for the synthesis of symmetrical and asymmetrical thioureas by a one-pot reaction of the required amine, carbon disulfide and an oxidant, i.e ., hydrogen peroxide, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)/sodium percarbonate system or air. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H- and 13C- -NMR and MS methods. A reaction mechanism is proposed based on the isolation of reaction intermediate and the determination of their structure. The synthetic benefits of the presented methods are reflected in the operational simplicity, mild reaction conditions, short reaction times, solvent recycling, high purity and yield of the products, absence of dangerous by-products and technological applicability on an industrial scale. Considering the commercial importance of thioureas, it should be emphasized that implementation of the optimal synthesis of thiourea determined in this study for industrial production could provide a concurrent alternative to the existing technologies in use.


Review : In this note, we give a proof of a three-variable reciprocity theorem using the q-binomial theorem and the Gauss summation formula.


In this paper, a log‐linear multidimensional Rasch model is proposed for capture–recapture analysis of registration data. In the model, heterogeneity of capture probabilities is taken into account, and registrations are viewed as dichotomously scored indicators of one or more latent variables that can account for correlations among registrations. It is shown how the probability of a generic capture profile is expressed under the log‐linear multidimensional Rasch model and how the parameters of the traditional log‐linear model are derived from those of the log‐linear multidimensional Rasch model. Finally, an application of the model to neural tube defects data is presented. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Literature on the use of information and communication technologies(leTs) for developmental purposes at community centres refers to thesecentres in various ways, e.g. as telecentres, telecottages, communityteleservice centres, telecommuting centres, and community technologycentres. This article starts by examining this range of centres, and bydescribing the activities that typically occur at such centres throughoutthe world. An attempt is made to develop a typology of such centres.Of particular interest are community telecentres where leTs are used topromote development in rural areas. This is followed by a list of lessonslearned regarding using leTs effectively for development purposes atrural telecentres. These lessons are illustrated through specific SouthAfrican case studies involving leT usage at rural telecentres.


Prior research indicates that the availability of school counselors—as measured by school counselor-to-student ratios—predicts desired student outcomes in high schools. Less is known about the impact of school counselors in elementary and middle schools, where school counselors take on a broad array of responsibilities related to youth development. Using 6 years of student and school staffing data from North Carolina, we estimated school fixed effect models to assess the associations between school counselor-to-student ratios and student achievement, attendance, and disciplinary outcomes in elementary and middle school grades. We found that when elementary and middle schools have more school counselors, mathematics scores rise and absences decline. We found no conditional association between school counselor ratios and student suspensions. School counselors may be particularly helpful for students experiencing poverty and for students of color.


In coastal areas salt-water intrusion represents a significant threat to water quality in coastal aquifer systems. The electromagnetic method evaluated in this study proved to be rapid, very inexpensive, and it yields results which agree well with geologic and geochemical surveys using direct sampling. The instrument reads directly in conductivity units and the depth of investigation is constant for a particular spacing and orientation of the receiver and transmitter coils. Data can be obtained and interpreted by personnel with little technical training. Data interpretation normally involves producing terrain conductivity contour maps, but quantitative solutions can be obtained where the geoelectric section can be reasonably approximated by a two-layer section. Some problems were experienced with interference. However, interference sources usually were very localized and could be avoided.

This study, conducted in two areas of Florida, demonstrates that the EM conductivity method is very useful for rapid, inexpensive ground-water surveys where the objective is to locate zones of conductive pore fluids at depths less than 30–40 meters. Although interpretation is indirect and qualitative, neither data aquisition nor interpretation require special training. This characteristic of the EM method makes it very suitable for use by agencies where highly-trained technical personnel are not available.


The chapter explores the stages of development of an outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) institutional field during periods of major system change in big emerging economies. The state and its agencies appear to be the principal institutional entrepreneurs in developing the OFDI organizational field. Consequently, the development of OFDI institutions depends heavily on the extent to which state policy is consistent in supporting the regulative, normative and cognitive pillars enabling and promoting but also monitoring and controlling OFDI. The chapter concludes by advancing theoretical propositions positing the relationship between continuity, the maturity of the OFDI organizational field and the level of institutional entrepreneurship stemming from governmental and business sources.


For a proper diagnosis and post treatment evaluation of acute myocardial infarction, angiographic measures of the myocardial perfusion such as the myocardial blush grade are pivotal. The presence of blood with contrast agent in heart tissue can be observed as a darkening of the target region. Currently, the myocardial blush grade is established by a visual analysis of this darkening. We present methods which allow the automatization this important procedure thereby improving from a what in clinical routine is termed a "semi-quantitative" analysis to a "quantitative" analysis with less inter- and intra- observer variability


Actual trade and tariff policy prefers ad valorem tariffs to specific tariffs. Yet in this paper we show that, in a setting of monopolistic competition, realizing a given restriction on imports via a specific tariff would generate more consumer utility than obtaining the same restriction via an ad valorem tariff.


Water resources planning at the basin scale is the keystone to adaptation of water resources systems to socio-economic and climate changes. Simulation and optimization models can provide a useful support to the planning process. Besides including all significant processes, they need to incorporate the contribution of the relevant stakeholders from the early stages of their development, particularly in areas where multiple concurring uses of water resources occur and where surface water-groundwater interactions are important.  This is the case of the plain of the Lombardy Region, Italy, where an ancient system of irrigation canals has been successfully used for centuries to supply huge amounts of water to a large irrigated area, which is also one of the most industrialized in Europe (Lombardy is one of the “Four Motors for Europe”, a transnational network of highly industrialized regions including Rhône-Alpes, Baden-Württemberg and Catalonia). Indeed, the Lombardy water resources have suffered recurrent crisis in the last years and a huge pressure has been raising on irrigation water use, which is by far the main consumptive use. We illustrate here an integrated approach to the analysis of different strategies of adaptation of irrigation systems to changing conditions, which accounts for the links between water use, crop production, energy consumption and hydrological conditions (as a proxy of the ecosystems quality).  We will consider the case study of the Adda river basin, an 8,000 km2 basin including lake Como, where the requirements of hydropower production and irrigation supply need to strike a balance with lake tourism, flood protection and environment conservation.

The approach is based on a combination of simulation models (of upstream sub-basin, lake and downstream sub-basin) and optimization model (of lake regulation policy) that allow assessing the effects of different climate and technological scenarios. The former scenarios were obtained downscaling the regional climate projections provided by the CORDEX project till 2100, while for the latter we focused on measures to increase the efficiency of irrigation systems, that emerged as priority from the discussions with the stakeholders. Specifically, we considered different degrees of reconversion of irrigation methods from surface irrigation to more efficient methods (sprinkler or drip). The effects of the reconversion, under different climate projections, were assessed by running simulations with the IdrAgra spatially distributed agro-hydrological model, which provided the estimated values of crop water use, groundwater recharge, return flows, as well as of crop production and energy consumption.  The comparison of different reconversion intensities was carried out considering indicators for the satisfaction of crop water requirements, the energy consumption, the groundwater recharge, and the river hydrological regime. A number of remarks can be made from the analysis of the results, among which it clearly emerged that under the current trend of increasing temperature already at the mid of the century irrigation deficits and impacts on the river hydrological regime will be intolerable unless the irrigation system efficiency will increase significantly in vast portions of the study area. Finally, a preliminary estimate of the cost of interventions is provided.


The roles of acidity in the fermentation of Luzhou-flavor liquor were elaborated. Besides, the causes of excessive increase of acidity of fermented grains in fermenting process were analyzed and the optimum pit entry acidity was between 1.6~2.2. The acid-regulating measures in the production of Luzhou-flavor liquor were introduced in details, which could guide the production of Luzhou-flavor liquor.


As England lurched towards war in 1642, the Westminster parliament had already become embroiled in a lengthy and costly war of reconquest in Ireland. An examination of the war effort in Ireland reveals the scale of parliament's commitment to sustained long-distance warfare, the range of initiatives developed to harness the necessary political and material resources, and its increasing reliance upon an emerging war interest of investors and suppliers. The outbreak of civil war in England saw parliament deploy a similar gamut of initiatives, nationally and locally, to those used in Ireland, but in very different strategic and political contexts. Parliament was engaged in a smaller-scale version of the multiple-front conflicts of the great European powers and disengagement from Ireland, England's Flanders, was not an option.


This paper proposes an implementation of a real time web-based system for monitoring Temperature, Humidity, Weight and Physical condition of infant and also to control temperature and humidity. Redundant Sensing for the critical parameter, temperature has been incorporated using Triple Modular Redundancy. Continuous Oxygen supply is ensured. The algorithm is written such that the data is acquired continuously and compared with the Lower and Upper Limits in case of temperature and window comparison technique is used for Humidity. The proposed design model is simulated using LabVIEW 2011 software and hardware implementation was done with Compact Field Point Acquisition module for monitoring and controlling with sensors and actuators. Neonate activities in Incubator and Incubator parameters were monitored using Camera and Vision Assistant software with the help of Web Publishing tool of LabVIEW 2011 software which helps to monitor and control Incubator parameters from remote location also.


Results of calculations to predict heat losses to surrounding rock for Subterrene rock-melting penetrators of various shapes are presented in nondimensional form that can be applied to a range of axisymmetric penetrator geometries. Theoretical upper and lower limits are placed on a dimensionless time parameter, which includes penetrator dimensions, rock properties, and penetration rate. At these limits, heat losses either approach zero or are unaffected by penetrator geometry and velocity. The estimated heat losses from the nondimensional parameters agree well with experimental data and numerically calculated results. (auth)


Data clustering is useful in several areas, such as web mining, biology, climate, medical diagnosis, computer vision, marketing and others. Thus, in real problems, data can simultaneously belong to more than one cluster, being necessary to use fuzzy clustering concepts as decision mechanisms to assign data into clusters. Moreover, nature-based intelligent mechanisms have been used to increase the effectiveness of several machine learning algorithms. This paper proposes improvements on aiNet (Artificial Immune Network), a bioinspired clustering algorithm, and its extension to be applied to fuzzy partitions. The modified algorithm to be applied in fuzzy partitions was thus named FaiNet (Fuzzy aiNet). It uses immune system concepts to allow it to automatically detect a suitable number of clusters in the datasets, what is not possible for most clustering algorithms. FaiNet was applied to seven databases from the literature with the purpose of benchmarking and its performance was compared with that of Fuzzy C-Means, a Fuzzy particle swarm clustering algorithm (FPSC) and the improved crisp aiNet. Purity and Entropy were the main metrics used to evaluate performance. The FaiNet algorithm showed to be competitive with the other algorithms used for comparison.


Polarization entanglement swapping in spectrally correlated photons produced by a spontaneous parametric down conversion and photons entangled by a beam splitter is studied. The concurrence is used to investigate the spectral effects in the swapping.


The new French safety-related regulations for road tunnels were initiated a few years ago. Nevertheless they widely benefited from the various studies conducted after the 1999 disasters in the Mont-Blanc tunnel and then the Tauern tunnel. In a first step, these regulations address only the French road network. A law and its implementing decree will enable to extend the undertaken measures to all road tunnels, irrespective of the construction financing authority involved. The new regulations establish a prefect authority system for putting into operation new tunnels and confirming operating conditions of existing tunnels. The implementation of an increased number of safety facilities aimed at users' protection, improved smoke removal systems and more stringent requirements in terms of fire resistance of the tunnel structures are prescribed. For in-operation tunnels, procedures were defined for performing a safety diagnosis analysis and upgrading works, if required. The technical measures to be implemented at the end of the diagnosis analysis are not necessarily the same as those prescribed for new tunnels. These are defined on a case basis. But in-operation tunnel monitoring measures and experience feedback analysis are required systematically for all tunnels. These measures should enable to add to our knowledge in the accidentology field for road tunnels in the years to come. The new regulations provide for the implementation of various devices for studying and controlling safety files. In particular it should be mentioned that a French National Committee for Road Tunnel, called in a first step, Assessment Committed has been set up. For the covering abstract see ITRD E114957.


From the influence of salt on highway etc,the paper introduced the design methods and construction of highgrade highway in salty soil area.


We report the results of a sequence ofmagnetisation andmagneto-optical studies on laser ablated thin films of ZnCoAlO andZnCoO that contain a small amount ofmetallic cobalt. The results are compared to those expectedwhen all themagnetization is due to isolatedmetallic clusters of cobalt andwith an oxide sample that is almost free frommetallic inclusions. Using a variety of direct magneticmeasurements and alsomagnetic circular dichroismwe find that there is ferromagnetism within both the oxide and themetallic inclusions, and furthermore that thesemagnetic components are exchange-coupled when aluminium is included. This enhances both the coercive field and the remanence. Hence the presence of a controlled quantity ofmetallic nanoparticles in ZnAlO can improve themagnetic response of the oxide, thus giving great advantages for applications in spintronics.


The prominent characteristic of the pre-modern and modern philosophical discourse in the archipelago is generalized to that of the spiritualism with the saivistic discourse; including a Balinese modern philosophical text entitled Aji Sangkya. However, the title of the text shows diachronic relationship with the Samkhya Dharsana the so-called Indian (Hindu) materialism with its jargon 'evolution'. The tension between the discourse of spiritualism and materialism in the text is the main concern of the article based on its stylistic representations. The contextual stylistics and the deconstruction approach provide great opportunities to the Aji Sangkya to be interpreted as well as contextualized. Having elaborated the data, it is found that the text implies the process of materialization of the spirit (purusha or atman) into the circle of material (pradhana), until finally becoming material itself. Nonetheless, this materialization cannot merely be understood as the process with the ultimate goal of materialism, but implicitly of humanization since the human (manusa) comes as the ultimate accumulation of all the philosophical categories. The term related to the materialization must be taken as the process of humanization or making the spirit humanized; the humanism take the middle position between the spiritualism and the materialism in Aji Sangkya, the so-called Balinese Hindu modern text of philosophy.


In a move to tackle some of the more pressing problems facing nurse students, and to encourage closer links between the ANS and the NUS, students from Bristol, Bournemouth, Portsmouth, Southampton, Winchester and Basingstoke met in Winchester last month.


A new kind of piezoelectric sensor was fabricated by depositing the films of polyvinyl pyrrolindone(PVP) and butyl cholinesterase(BuChE) with PVP(BuChE-PVP) on the surface of quartz crystal microbalance(QCM) using a self-assembly method for the detection of dipterex.It shows that the sensitivity of BuChE-PVP sensor is higher than PVP sensor.The linear relationship between the shift of frequency and the concentration of dipterex is in the range of 6.54-32.7 μmol/L.The BuChE-PVP sensor has also been applied to determine dipterex in several samples.The relative standard deviation of the results is less than 5%.And some other pollutants in air such as CO,NO_2,H_2S,and SO_2 with tenfold higher concentration have no impact on dipterex detection.


Introduction: Evaluation is an important factor in productivity context, and acts as a control system for other areas of productivity. Hospitals are large organizations incurring heavy expenses in every country. The level of efficiency in a hospital is a good criterion to understand how hospitals consume their resources. The goal of this research was to determine relative efficiency of 13 public hospitals in Yazd province by using integrated DEA, BSC and SERVQUAL model. Methods: In this study, relative efficiency of 13 public hospitals of Yazd province was calculated using data envelopment analysis technique(DEA) and balanced score card and servqual. BSC was used as a tool for designing of performance evaluation indexes, while DEA was used as a tool of evaluating performance and ranking. Results: The mean relative efficiency of hospitals under study was about 0.945 in the Persian calendar year 2008-9. The efficiency levels of nine hospitals were borderline and the efficiency of four hospitals was less than 1. Hospital no.3 had the highest efficiency levels and hospital no.10 had the lowest efficiency level. Conclusion: In this stage, on the basis of references presented by the DEA model, solutions for increasing the quality performance levels of inefficient hospitals in fourth dimensions were determined and some suggestions were proposed. Although all performance indices of the inefficient hospitals need to be addressed, priorities have to be determined by the respective managers.


A series of high temperature thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) and thermoplastic vulcanisates (TPVs) were successfully developed based on two different types of heat resistant polyamide (PA) (25 parts by weight)—PA-12 and PA-6, in combination with three different functionalized rubbers (75 parts by weight) of varying polarity, e.g., maleic anhydride grafted ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (MA-g-EPDM), sulphonated ethylene propylene diene terpolymer, and carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, by melt mixing method. These rubbers have low level of unsaturation in its backbone, and the plastics showed high melting range. Thus, the developed TPEs and TPVs were expected to be high temperature resistant. Resol type resin was used for dynamic vulcanization to further increase the high temperature properties of these blends. Interestingly, initial degradation temperature of the prepared blends was much higher (421 °C for MA-g-EPDM/PA-12) than the other reported conventional TPEs and TPVs. Fourier transform infrared analysis described the interactive nature of the TPEs and TPVs, which is responsible for their superior properties. The maximum tensile strength with lowest tension set was observed for the carboxylated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber/PA-12 TPV. Mild increase in mechanical properties without any degradation was observed after recycling. Dynamic mechanical analysis results showed two distinct glass transition temperatures and indicated the biphasic morphology of the blends, as evident from the scanning electron microscopy. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 45353.


INTRODUCTION The study of the nutritional disorders of infants has followed the development of medicine as a whole. The early Vienna school referred all disturbances to pathologic changes in the gastro-intestinal tract and classified the diseases anatomically. For example, there was gastritis, enteritis and colitis. When the knowledge of bacteriology became more developed, the bacteriologic factor was actively discussed and studied without leading to a much clearer conception of these disorders. It was not until chemistry became fully developed thatmore light was thrown on the nutritional disorders. It was, however, soon felt that even chemistry could not supply all the answers wanted and, therefore, the study of the child itself was emphasized. The constitutional factor was brought to the physician's attention. This point of view in pediatrics with Czerny as its chief exponent has never, so far as I can see, been completely accepted in America. There is a growing


The "other archipelago" of "special setdements" was a cornerstone of the evolving gulag (Glavnoe upravlenie ispravitel'no-trudovykh lagerei) order. Scholars have paid relatively scant attention to the special settlements, which emerged first to isolate and exploit the labor of the dekulakized peasantry and within a short time would house a variety of other state-defined social and ethnic aliens through the course of the Stalin years. This article explores the history of the other archipelago in the year 1930, its founding and perhaps most difficult year, focusing on the NortiV ern Region. It was here that the state chose to send over a quarter of a million peasants, the single largest contingent of dekulakized peasant families in 1930. Against this icy backdrop, the special setders—men, women, and children—built the villages of the other archipelago within the wilderness.


Vanadium is now known to be one of the more biologically important transition elements. This volume focuses on vanadium chemistry and biochemistry and summarizes the role of vanadium in treating diabetes, concluding with a discussion of a human trial study. The volume looks in particular at model compounds that mimic the chemistry of nitrogenases as haloperoxidases. It also uncovers evolutionary aspects of haloperoxidases while examining structural and sequence relationships between these compounds and acid phosphatases. Aspects of the essentiality, toxicology, and pharmacology are discussed along with insulin-mimetic compounds and their influences in cell cultures.


This paper starts with an introduction to the boron problem and its relevance in sea water desalination. The chemistry of boron in water is studied in detail from a sea water desalination point of view. Detailed results of boron rejection with various membrane types are presented. The impact of ionic strength, temperature, average permeate flux and harsh cleaning conditions is investigated. Some typical boron results from 4 plants in the field are presented. The use of boron-selective resins in sea water desalination is also covered, studying both the general properties of such a type of product and indicating how it can be applied in sea water desalination.


PURPOSE: To provide a contents management method that can automatically eliminate contents which users are not interested in. CONSTITUTION: In a step S1, contents of a virtual channel scheduled in the past are extracted, one of the contents among them is selected in a step S2, when it is discriminated that the contents are not in a reproduction available state in a step S3, the processing proceeds to a step S7, and when it is decided that the contents are in a reproduction available state, it is decided whether or not the corresponding contents have already been subjected to future n-times scheduling (sufficient number of times as view opportunities) in a step S4. When the number of times is less than n-times in a step S5, the contents are assigned in future as succeeding scheduling. When the number of times reaches n-times, the contents are set to a deletion schedule state in a step S6. When it is discriminated that the processing of all the extracted contents is not finished in the step S7, the processing returns to the step S2, and when discriminated completed, the processing is terminated.


A brief reporting on a research demonstration project developed to increase the use of evidence-based practices in special education programs and improve student outcomes. This project was developed through a unique partnership of special educators, parents, administrators, and investigators.


We have studied processing and characteristics of flexible Aluminum-doped Zinc Oxide thin-film transistors (AZO TFTs) fabricated on plastic substrates using radio frequency (rf) magnetron sputtering. To improve the performance of flexible AZO TFT, we studied effects of device structures on characteristics of the aluminum-doped zinc oxide thin film transistors. The electrical properties of top-gate type and bottom-gate type AZO TFTs were investigated, respectively. The top-gate type AZO TFTs shows a threshold voltage of 1.4 V, a Ion/Ioff current ratio of 1.0×107, a field effect mobility of 28.2 cm2/ V•s, a subthreshold swing of 0.19 V/decade. And the bottom-gate type AZO TFTs shows a threshold voltage of 1.7 V, a Ion/Ioff ratio of 1.0×107, a field effect mobility of 209 cm2/ V•s, a subthreshold swing of 0.16 V/decade, and the off current of less than 10-11A at room temperature. Both TFTs show low threshold voltage, high Ion/Ioff ratio and high field effect mobility. By comparison, the bottom-gate type AZO TFTs shows better characteristics. The flexible AZO-TFT is a very promising low-cost optoelectronic device for the next generation of invisible and flexible electronics due to flexible, transparency, high mobility, and low-temperature processing.