This chapter is written with women asylum seekers as a lens of critical situated knowledge. These co-writers are members of the campaign group 'United for Change', within the 'Salford Forum for Refugees and People Seeking Asylum' and the charitable organization 'Revive' based in Salford, Greater Manchester. The origin of this relationship began when these asylum seekers gave testimony to their experience at a conference about the HRA. The paradox is that within the context of the conference the credibility of these asylum seekers' testimonies as a critical lens was contingent on the fact and consequences of the lack of credibility of their testimony within the legal and state processes that establish authenticity of their request for asylum. The decision that they were assessed as inauthentic made them authentic witnesses. Indeed, incorporating the element of testimony in the conference represented inclusivity of the 'Other', an antidote to accusations of exclusivity and the rubber stamping voice that authenticates. Insisting on the problematic of 'authenticism or the authority of authenticity' Spivak argues that, 'the mechanics of the constitution of the Other' and 'invocations of the authenticity of the Other' are used to circumvent the difficulties inherent in representation. Picking up Said's notion of the violence of relentless fetishization of difference, Griffiths states, 'a fetishised cultural commodity, may be employed '... to enact a discourse of "liberal violence" [sic], re-enacting its own oppressions on the subjects it purports to represent and defend.' Similar tensions had to be explored and not necessarily resolved in co-writing this chapter with asylum seekers. In particular, consideration of how inclusion of testimony in this chapter, re-enacts the mastery of the host in the dynamics of hospitality and the regulatory function of tolerance continues to be grappled with. The words of asylum seekers in this chapter function as metaphorical red ink; to interrupt, disturb and dislocate theoretical perspectives and interpretations. In short the words of asylum seekers in this chapter function to transgress the hierarchical relations of host/guest, tolerate/tolerated, known/unknown.


In this paper we deal with distribution of zeros of certain types of difference polynomial and in addition to this we investigate the uniqueness results when two difference products of entire functions of finite order share one value counting and ignoring multiplicities by considering that the functions share the value zero, counting multiplicities and obtain some results which improve and generalize some recent results of H. Wang and H.Y. Xu [Revista De Mathematica, 22(2) 2015, 223-254] and P Sahoo and S. Seikh [Mathematical Sciences and Applications E-Notes, 4(2) 2016, 29-36].


This document presents an application of fuzzy moving sliding mode control with different moving surfaces like rotating, shifting and rotating-shifting surfaces to a non-linear system. The proposal controllers are applied in a chemical process with variable delay and compared against the traditional sliding mode control using the settling time, ISE performance index, ITSE performance index and control effort index. Results show the improvement of the proposal controller with less settling time, ISE and ITSE without increasing the control effort index compared to the traditional sliding mode control.


Soon after his wife's incarceration in the Eberbach asylum in 1827, Herr S., a rector and soon to become Gymnasium professor in Weilburg, wrote to Philipp H. Lindpaintner, the asylum's director. The letter was about the pressing problem of his wife's illness, but, strangely, Herr S. spent a great deal of time chatting about himself — about his new position as professor; his recent salary raise; his new apartment "near the castle garden, where the Hofmarschal used to live"; his library; his Naturalien-Kabinett (natural history collection), which will be put on display at the Rathaus "for the use of schools and the enjoyment of the friends of nature and art." Finally, Herr S. turned to the issue at hand: his wife's mental illness.


Disclosed is a method for preparing depolymerized fucosylated glycosaminoglycans which are obtained by depolymerizing fucosylated glycosaminoglycans through peroxide depolymerization catalyzed by the fourth period transition metal ions in water phase medium. The depolymerized fucosylated glycosaminoglycans obtained have no less than 80% of glycan molecular number taking GaINAc as reductive terminal, and weight average molecular weight of which is about 6000Da~ 20,000Da, and PDI of which is 1.0- 2.0.


The International Criminal Court's regulatory regime was introduced in response to instances of misconduct experienced by other international and domestic criminal courts. This book considers how International Criminal Tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda and the Special Court for Sierra Leone have coped with misconduct, often resulting in controversy. The book also looks at the approaches that have evolved in Germany and the United States, reflecting the different role of defence lawyers in the civil and common law criminal justice traditions. Kristen Perrin finds that this book has a place as an in-depth analysis and thorough reference on the subject of counsel misconduct before international criminal courts. Counsel Misconduct before the International Criminal Court: Professional Responsibility in International Criminal Defence. Till Gut. Hart Publishing. November 2012.


The utility model relates to a wind-force generating device of an air compressor; the device utilizes impellers of a set of windmill set to bear dynamic energy of wind force so as to rotate and utilize an impeller shaft to drive a piston in a cylinder to carry out reciprocating motion; compressed air is let in an air duct; the air in the air duct is let in a rotating promoting part of a second set of the windmill set to cause the second set of impellers to rotate owing to the wind force and the dynamic energy of the rotating promoting part; a core rotating mechanism is arranged on the transmission rod of the second set of the windmill set to drive the transmission rod of the core rotating mechanism of a third set of the windmill set; a generating set is arranged under the third set of the windmill set and the impeller is arranged upward; therefore the third set of the windmill set can utilize continuous action of the second set of the windmill set and rotation of the impeller to cause the generating set at under to generate and to convert the wind force energy into the dynamic energy; the third set of the windmill set can also utilize a switch of a magnetic valve of a converter to lead to battery 1 and 2 to switch to be charged and used.


Over the last century, radiotherapy has been used successfully to treat early stage testicular cancer, particularly seminomas. With the development of cisplatin-based chemotherapy regimens in the 1970s for advanced disease and nonseminomas, testicular cancer became one of the most curable malignancies and a defining achievement in oncology (1). This favorable prognosis combined with the relatively young age at testicular cancer diagnosis have made the long-term health of survivors a high clinical and research priority as well as a driving force behind further treatment refinements. Not long after the introduction of cisplatin-based chemotherapy, population-based registry studies emerged as an invaluable tool for quantifying long-term health risks among cancer survivors, particularly the risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms. Although most registries lack detailed clinical and treatment data, they provide the large sample size and systematic, long-term follow-up that typically are absent from randomized controlled trials, thus offering critical contributions toward comprehensive understanding of survivors' long-term health. Early registry-based studies of testicular cancer survivors revealed increased risks of leukemia, sarcoma, and cancers of the gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts, which were largely attributed to treatment exposures (2–5). Most of these findings subsequently have been confirmed in more detailed studies of patients with testicular or other cancers, such as the doseresponse relationships reported for platinum compounds with therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (tAML) (6,7) and for radiotherapy with gastrointestinal cancers (8–10). In their article published in this issue of JNCI Cancer Spectrum, Milano and colleagues (11) leveraged the data from nine US population-based cancer registries from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program to characterize subsequent malignant neoplasm risk among 24 900 testicular cancer survivors during 1973–2014. Major findings from previous large-scale European and US studies were confirmed in this report, most notably the excess risks of sarcoma, gastrointestinal cancers, and bladder cancer among patients treated with initial radiotherapy, and of sarcoma, gastrointestinal cancers, and tAML among patients treated with initial chemotherapy. Changes in clinical approaches to cancer treatment offer important opportunities but also present major challenges to advancing understanding of risks for subsequent malignant neoplasms, as exemplified in the current report by Milano and colleagues (11). Over the last several decades, treatment for testicular cancer has continued to evolve in an effort to further improve patient outcomes, particularly by reducing use of adjuvant radiotherapy for early stage disease, reducing doses and volumes for patients who do receive radiotherapy, and increasing use of adjuvant chemotherapy (1). Although lower radiotherapy exposures ultimately are expected to reduce risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms, Milano and colleagues (11) report no change in risk for patients treated more recently, likely because of an insufficient amount of follow-up time in light of the 5-year to more than 20-year latency period typically expected for the development of radiotherapy-related subsequent malignant neoplasms. These same challenges are impeding timely, accurate assessments of the impacts of changes in radiotherapy approaches for other patient populations, such as those with Hodgkin lymphoma (12), childhood cancer (13), or prostate cancer (14). Given that studies of late adverse effects of treatment by definition are focused on patients treated in the past, how can we make the results of these studies relevant for patients treated today? One opportunity is to conduct dose-response studies with detailed clinical data (15), so that the impact of changes in dose on subsequent malignant neoplasm risk can be estimated. Admittedly, radiation dose-response analyses alone are likely to prove incomplete based on emerging evidence that not just the dose but also the volume of tissue irradiated may impact subsequent malignant neoplasm risk (16) and also that there may be striking joint effects between radiotherapy and systemic


Human capital is the main economic resource that increases the country's GDP, which has become the main productive and social factor in the development of the economy and is a major supplier of knowledge in achieving sustainability and competitiveness in the world market. It is not only about generating knowledge, but also about the opportunities that the industry has in integrating this new knowledge into its products, services and processes and disseminating it to people through education, training and information. The importance of the knowledge, competencies and skills of workers is increasing due to the specific characteristics of the product and services offered by the tourism sector. The aim of the study is to analyze the main indicators of the tourism industry, which consider the capabilities of human capital as a key factor in determining competitiveness. While human capital is not always emphasized when assessing competitiveness in the tourism industry, human capital capacity is a key factor. In many countries, the competitiveness of human capital in tourism is lower than desired, providing opportunities for additional investment in competitiveness through education and better labor market practices.


Zooplankton abundance, biomass and composition were evaluated in various temporal scales in a seasonal coastal upwelling system at Margarita Island, Venezuel...


In the Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) situation that hit Indonesia, it had an impact on the economy and disrupted the liquidity of banks and other financial institutions. Micro, small and medium enterprises, who have an obligation for the credit they have taken, which have an impact either directly or indirectly on the performance and capacity of the debtor in fulfilling credit or financing payment obligations. The formulation of the research problem: Did the relaxation of credit provided by banks during the Covid 19 pandemic not deviate from the force majeure aspect? The findings of the research on the credit restructuring policy have deviated from the legal aspects contained in Article 1245 of the Civil Code regarding force majeure. In conducting credit restructuring, it is necessary to have deliberations between creditors and debtors, in order to realize the principle of balance and not to deviate from the force majeure aspects contained in Article 1245 of the Civil Code.


Objective To study the left ventricular vortex changes characterisitic in normal adults using vector flow mapping(VFM).Methods Thirty normal adults were examined by ALOKAα10ultrasonic diagnostic system,and acquired the color Doppler images in apical five-chamber.Recorded loops were analyzed off-line by VFM software in DAS-RSI system.The evolutions of left venticular vortex within each phase of the cardiac cycle,and quantify parameters including maximum flow volume of vortex(Qmax),half-value area of vortex(S),half-volue diameter of vortex(D),and vortex intensity(VI)were observed.Results Left ventricular vortex showed regular changes within the cardiac cycle.In isovolumic relaxation,few vortex appeared in left ventricle.In early diastolic phase,a little vortex appeared in the both sides of the inflow tract.In late diastolic phase,the large whole vortex was filled with left ventricular.In isovolumic contraction phase,the large whole vortex continued,and the intensity of vortex increased.However,in contraction phase,the large vortex disappeared,and was followed by a local small high-intensitive vortex around the aortic valve.Conclusion The VFM technology can be used to observe the change rules of left ventricular vortex.


Fillers, as carbon black, are introduced in the rubber parts designed to operate under extreme condition (aerospace, offshore applications, tire treads, etc) to increase their mechanical resistances. The final properties of the rubber part clearly depend on the mixing efficiency of the batch mixers used in such a process. Unfortunately, all the present rubber mixes still contain agglome rates larger than the sub-micron particles that reinforce the rubber It seems therefore mandatory to increase the efficiency of these mixers. The goal of this work is to develop micro-macro models that allow us to predict, via the numerical simulation, the evolution of distributions of mass density of agglomerates during the mixing. Such an evolution will be used to evaluate the performances of the present and new batch mixers. These micro macro models have been tested and validated against experimental results obtained in a Mooney rheometer.


With the advent of the era of big data, a large number of online evaluation information by customers has emerged, which plays an important role in evaluating and improving the quality of services and products of the enterprises. Aiming at the problem of the quality evaluation of online shopping organic milk, this paper proposes a quality evaluation method based on customer online review information, which performs low-cost and efficient quantitative analysis on text-based unstructured online review data. With the aid of Baidu AI open platform, this paper deeply excavates the information value of online reviews, constructs a product quality evaluation system from the perspective of consumers, and verifies the feasibility of this method through actual data. This method is helpful for online shopping platforms and enterprises to achieve "one-click" access to quality evaluation information of their products, so that they can more timely and accurately obtain the evaluations that are closer to the will of consumers in order to make targeted quality improvements.


A multiprocessor architecture for compact realizations of video coding applications is presented. The actual standards for video coding e.g. H.261 and MPEG are based on a hybrid coding scheme, which allows parallelization at both data level and task level. The parallelization at data level is performed by distribution of image data among the processors. Each processor works on locally stored image segments. The parallelization at task level is realized inside the processors by functional modules which are adapted to classes of algorithms. The functionality of the modules and the number of their data paths is determined by applying efficiency calculations resulting in a module for motion estimation and a block- level coprocessor for transform and quantization. The controlling and synchronization is accomplished by a programmable module. A hierarchical controlling concept reduces the on- chip control overhead. A chip size of 70 mm2 is estimated for one processor, when using 0.6 micrometers CMOS technology. With an operating frequency of 65 MHz one chip will perform the computations for a full CIF H.261 codec with 30 Hz framerate and motion estimation based on +/-15 pel full search blockmatching algorithm.


Refugees relocated to Western countries often experience adversity in regard to achieving a high quality of life in a Western context where financial security is generally linked to educational achievement. Many refugee youth arrive in the United States without the ability to speak, read, or write in English with little background in formal education making it hard for them to fully benefit from their time spent in public schools which results in decreased opportunities to advance into higher education. In 2020, qualitative interviews were conducted with four young women of the Karen ethnic group in Burma/Myanmar who had arrived in the U.S. when they were very young. They attended a college prep class taught by occupational therapy students and all attended college. They were asked to describe their experience with the class. Using thematic analysis, the following themes were identified: Confidence Lacking/Confidence Building, The Need for Doing, It's a Hard Life, and Seeking Comfort in Communication and Support. It is clear that the group had a significant positive impact on the participants' access to and success in college. Results indicate that educational groups designed to support access to higher education would be of benefit to former refugees in Western countries.


We construct a non-polynomial generalization of the $q$-Askey scheme. Whereas the elements of the $q$-Askey scheme are given by $q$-hypergeometric series, the elements of the non-polynomial scheme are given by contour integrals, whose integrands are built from Ruijsenaars' hyperbolic gamma function. Alternatively, the integrands can be expressed in terms of Faddeev's quantum dilogarithm, Woronowicz's quantum exponential, or Kurokawa's double sine function. We present the basic properties of all the elements of the scheme, including their integral representations, joint eigenfunction properties, and polynomial limits.


The interrelationship between the mode of reproduction and the habitat was compared in the common type and the early ecotype of Agropyron tsukushiense var. transiens and A. humidorum. Compared with the common type, the seeds of the early ecotype and A. humidorum maintained their germinating ability well even under submerged storage. Most culm segments of the common type and the early ecotype sprouted soon when stored in soil in July, while those of A. humidorum did so in September. These results agreed with the observation at the natural habitat, where the two species had grown sympatrically in fallow paddy fields in winter. The early ecotype was reproduced only by means of seeds since its stump died under submerged conditions because of the weak dormancy of the axillary buds. On the contrary, A. humidorum has a more positive adaptation to paddy fields on account of its reproduction by means of stumps or perennialized culms as well as by means of seeds.


Synopsis Material of a coccosteid fish, from various localities in Caithness, is described as Dickosteus threiplandi n.g., n.sp. The fish has previously been confused with Coccosteus cuspidatus Miller ex Ag. ( = Coccosteus decipiens Ag.). A diagnosis of this new form is given and comparisons made with Coccosteus show that it is quite distinct. Coccosteus fletti Watson is also redescribed and referred to the new genus Watsonosteus. The phylogenetic relations and stratigraphical distribution of these two genera are considered, and it is shown that Dickosteus occurs in Caithness in the Thurso Flagstone Group above the Achanarras horizon, apparently replacing Coccosteus, and has a similar range in Orkney. Watsonosteus is characteristic of the Eday Flags. The stratigraphy of the Thurso Flagstone Group is critically reviewed and compared with the Orkney succession; the Ackergill Beds are shown to be the probable lateral equivalents of the Mey Beds, and the consequences of this are examined.


【Objective】 To explore the diagnostic value of video electroencephalography(VEEG) in children with non-epileptic seizure. 【Methods】 From Sep.2009 to Feb.2011,280 children suspected to have or need to weep out the possibility of epilepsy were examined with VEEG.Then the confirmed diagnosis of non-epileptic seizures(NES) would be made by VEEG,clinical symptoms,physical signs,ECG,CT of the skull,and blood examination(such as blood sugar,blood ammonia,myocardial enzyme).Then the diagnostic value of VEEG in children were evaluated with non-epileptic seizure. 【Results】 75 children were diagnosed as NES.13(17.3%) NES children were associated with psychogenic disorders,including 6 hysteria sample attacks(8.0%),5 emotional disturbance(6.7%),and 2 breath-holding spells(2.6%).62(82.7%) NES children were associated with somatoform disorders,including 16 non-epileptic tonic seizures(21.3%),11 sleep disorders(14.7%),10 benign myoclonus(13.3%),7 headache(9.3%),6 tourette syndrome(8.0%),4 benign convulsion associated with gastroenteritis(5.3%),4 dizziness(5.3%),3 benign myoclonus of early infancy(4.0%),and 1 abnormal posture related to cerebral palsy(1.3%). 【Conclusion】 VEEG has important clinical significance for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of NSE.


The purpose of this paper is to investigate the insight of capsizing modes in details and the probability of capsize in a random sea by making use of a mathematical model for simulations. Firstly a prediction method to calculate critical wave height leading to capsize are proposed for three modes of parametric resonance, harmonic resonance and pure loss of stability. Secondly according to Belenky's4'5) simplified method to compute the probability of capsizing, the probabilities of capsizing caused by parametric resonance and harmonic resonance are evaluated for a ship running with the specified combination of heading angle and ship speed in random waves. Finally these computed outcomes are discussed for the 15000 GT container carrier.


In the article the author explores the features of the world's existing triage models. The principles and criteria that can be used as a basis for the development of such recommendations in Ukraine are ana-lyzed. It is concluded that the criteria of triage in its primary sense, which ensure the provision of effective medical care to the largest number of people in a situation of limited resources, do not include social criteria. The ethical problem of redistribution of limited human resources and equipment, reduction of volume of medical care and termination of specialized assistance is analyzed. Conclusions are made on the principles of legal protection of medical staff in the case of a decision on triage. Author substantiates, that a mandatory component of the psychological well-being of medical staff and patients is the division of responsibilities for patient triage and treatment, as well as the provision of psychological, counseling, palliative care to patients.


Today's modern society is full of activity; hectic lifestyle and pressure of demanding job, family with social life are inescapable. These factors keep on building a continuous pressure lowering out the immunity, raised levels of tiredness, loss of energy with body ache. With the advancement in technology every single task has turned out on machines & gadgets which make work easier but declines health levels. The desk jobs, including students, maintain same posture for long work hours. They result in MSDs (musculo skeletal disorders) which are injuries or painful condition in human musculo skeletal system including joints, ligaments, muscles, nerves, tendon etc. Now a day, students come up with symptoms like neck–upper back pain, headaches, numbness or tingling sensation in hands. Due to more dependency over laptops, wrong sitting postures leads to such postural syndrome. The use of mobiles has been observed a common cause among patients of cervical region…


This discussion combines information obtained from 5 countries in the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) region on the role of population planning in the context of integrated policies and programs. The countries were asked what specific aspects of the present population policy and program would require concentrated inputs in order to achieve stated goals and targets. In Indonesia 2 program areas are identified for intensification: the organized transmigration scheme which aims at a balanced distribution of population and exploitation of potential resources throughout the country, including islands outside Java and Bali; and the national family planning program as a whole, in order to achieve the target of 60% prevalence rate of contraceptive use among eligible couples in 1990 and a decline of the crude birthrate from 33/1000 to 23/1000 by that date. Both programs are receiving high priority. Nepal policy and programs are aimed at achieving replacement level fertility by 2000. Steps that have been initiated in Bangladesh include intensive motivation activities with strong media inputs, the maintenance of a regular and adequate supply of contraceptives at the doorstep of clients, and strengthening the multisectoral program. The Philippines National Population Program advocates and promotes 4 norms in order to achieve a population growth rate of 2%, a prevalence rate of 54%, and contraceptive effectiveness of 80% by 1987: small family size; birth spacing; delayed marriages; and reduced incidence of teenage pregnancies. The goals envisaged for India are a reduction in the crude birthrate to not more than 21/1000, crude death rate of not more than 9/1000, and an infant mortality rate of less than 60/1000 live births by 2000. Concentrated efforts will be needed in the use of mass media and interpersonal communication strategies with services and supplies being provided as close to the doorstep of the acceptor as possible. In most countries of the region explicit or implicit incentives and/or disincentives are included in the population/family planning program. In the Philippine Population Program, incentives are explicitly given only to volunteer program workers. Disincentives are incorporated in the Internal Revenue Code and the Woman and Child Labor Code. In Indonesia preference is given to incentives rather than to disincentives. The government of Bangladesh is seriously considering the introduction of a package deal of incentives and disincentives in an all out effort to reach desired demographic objectives. In Nepal such a package is already in operation. The more recent innovative measures to encourage the 2-child child family norm in India include: increased compensation money to acceptors of sterilization and IUD and giving lottery tickets to acceptors of sterilization. There is recognition in these countries of the need for an integrated approach to population and development programs.


The paper analyses the need for modelling sustainable development as a co-evolutionary complex system, integrating economic, social and ecological perspectives. It outlines the characteristics of such a model as: heterogeneity (difference in nature and aims in these perspectives); equality (need to holistically integrate different priorities) and human stewardship (the leading role of humanity in transforming, maintaining and/or sustaining the Earth's complex system). The paper also addresses information issues arguing that purely cybernetic models cannot satisfy the requirements for modelling sustainable development, as they do not incorporate the required qualitative value-based assessment. Wide ranges of sustainability indicators are already being developed and applied for monitoring and reporting. However allowing full access to such information through a Global Green Information System (GGIS) can permit deliberative democracy processes to start implementing assessment and decisionmaking processes that align with humans' responsibility as guardians of the planet Earth.


Abstract The dimensional instability and inferior mechanical strength of radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) limit its use in musical instruments. To improve its properties, a two-step treatment by furfuryl alcohol (FA) and tung oil (TO) were used involving impregnation of FA precursor solution into the wood matrix, forming a highly cross-linked resin, followed by a modification with TO. Examination using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy revealed that FA resin was attached in cell walls and lumens, and the solidified TO in cell lumens and occluded pits. The incorporation of FA resin reduced the wood swelling coefficient by over 70% and the hydrophobic solidified TO decreased wood water uptake by over 80% enhancing wood dimensional stability. Although FA resin improved the modulus of elasticity and hardness of the wood, the modulus of rupture and impact bending strength were reduced. However, the additional TO impregnation step improved the modulus of rupture, impact bending strength, and wear resistance of the furfurylated wood. The performance of FA and TO treated radiata pine wood was better than that treated with FA or TO alone, and could meet the performance requirements of wood used for fretboard of string instruments.


Abstract Plasma and urinary levels of calcium and phosphorus have been determined in 39 healthy premenopausal women, 28 post-menapausal women in whom the menopause had been natural, and 51 women who had undergone bilateral salpingo-oophorec- tomy. The levels were increased after the menopause, particularly where this bad been artificial. It is suggested that loss of œ strogenic activity at the menopause results in increased bone resorption. It is not clear, however, whether the resultant negative calcium balance is the cause of or the result of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women.


Shui scripts are considered "Yi Chin"(Change of Ways) and "encyclopedias by the Shui people.It is assumed that such works contain an abundance of philosophic ideas of the Shui people,for example,those of Yin and Yang,contradictive integration,conversion-prone polarities and relativity of the good and the bad.


The purpose of this study was to offer support for reading to your child at home during the early elementary years to increase your child's reading readiness at school. It is hypothesized that the more time parents spend reading to their child at home the higher their scores should be on reading assessments. The sample population consists of 15 students, in grades kindergarten and first, from a parochial school located in southern New Jersey. The parents completed a questionnaire and the Marie Clay's Concepts About Print test was administered to the children. The Pearson product moment correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between the amounts of time the parents stated that they read to their child at home and their child's test score. In contrast to the current literature, this study did not find that a significant relationship exists between the amount of time parents spent reading to a child at home and test scores. This study, examining the relationship between the amount of time spent reading to child at home and scores on reading readiness test, drew from a pool of kindergarten and first grade students in one parochial elementary school located in rural area of southern New Jersey. The school district is comprised primarily of white middle class families. The school itself is small in size with eight classrooms in the main building, with the preschool and kindergarten classrooms located in the Early Child Development building between the main building and parish. The total sample size is 15, with a breakdown of 5 males and 10 females from kindergarten and l st grades.


BiCMOS technology.has a most important effect in realizing superhigh speed circuits systems. On the basis of the conventional BiOMOS theOly, aunified non--linear analytical delaytime model for BiCMOS digital circuits ispresentgd by fully colandering some low temperature effects, such as currentariving capability enhancemenl of MOSFET, current gain and cutoff frequencydecadence, forword turn on voltage of emitter-base junction increment of BJT,and the junction Capacitance rednction of the system. The eoncnlsions obtainedhave impodsat significance in the optimization design for low temperature.super high speed BiCMOS circuitS.


This study examines the relation between principles-based standards and the informativeness of earnings. To examine this question, we construct a firm-level instrument that measures the extent to which firms rely on principles-based standards. We view standards on a continuum where standards that contain few rules-based characteristics are defined as being more principles-based and standards that contain many rules-based characteristics are defined as being more rules-based. We find that earnings are more informative, are more persistent, and better predict future cash flows when the firm relies on principles-based standards. This evidence is consistent with the notion that managers use the additional discretion provided by principlesbased standards to more accurately convey the underlying economics of transactions to investors.


This document defines new error and notification types and codes for
the PCE Communication Protocol (PCEP) [RFC5440]. It identifies the
possible PCEP behaviors in case of error or notification. Thus, this
draft extends error and notification types in order to associate
predefined PCEP behaviors.


This study focuses on the dynamic and tribological characterisation of a single‐layer graphene sheet (SLGS). A 10 × 10 nm graphene model is developed, which is modally analysed for both zigzag and armchair lattices, thus enabling the examination of chirality effect on the SLGS' eigenfrequencies. The tribological analysis consists of the same SLGS model and a carbon atom simulating the graphene tip. The carbon atom is set to move on multiple paths to examine the importance of the path's position over the sheet. The friction forces applied on the tip during its movement can be calculated. The carbon atom tip is interlinked with the graphene atoms via the Lennard‐Jones model, characterising the real contact area. Spring elements mimic the interatomic forces, while beam and mass elements simulate the graphene's C─C covalent bonds and atoms, respectively, on a finite element simulation verified by the Prandtl‐Tomlinson model. It is perceived a strong stick‐slip effect on the friction force's areal pattern, which can be verified by the Prandtl‐Tomlinson theory of the atomic scale friction. It also became clear the effect of chirality, on graphene's tribological behaviour, after the differences in the calculated friction forces. Finally, an increase in the coefficient of friction analogous to the increase of the vertical load, due to graphene's deformation, is determined, while in the zigzag lattice, the coefficient of friction appears to be significantly lower that the armchair one.


The utility model relates to a rotatable eyelash grower brushing electric heating device which comprises a handle, a brush holder and a lash brush that is connected on the brush holder and provided with a heating element, wherein the handle is internally provided with a battery, a motor and a switch assembly; two electrode leads of the heating element pass through an inner chamber of the brush holder, wherein one electrode lead is connected with the shaft end of the motor, and electrically connected with the battery by the conduction of the motor, and the other electrode lead passes through the side wall of the brush holder, and is electrically connected with a metal bearing pair arranged outside the brush holder; and the metal bearing pair is electrically connected with the switch assembly. In the utility model, not only can the eyelash grower attaching on the lash brush be coated on the lashes conveniently, evenly and effectively by using the motor for driving the lash brush to rotate, but also the same lash brush can be used for heating so as to lead the lashes to have the effect of curling and shaping, thus being extremely convenient for use. And the electrode leads of the heating element can not generate the wire winding phenomenon due to the rotation of the brush holder and the lash brush, the electric connection structure is reliable and simple, and the volume is small.


Aritifical neueal network (ANN) technology for the data processing of naphthenic acid corrosion is proposed after analyzing the general method for naphthenic acid corrosion.A metabolism model for predicting the corrosion life with ANN is presented,which does not need all kind parameters of materials and environments and only need some of data of relevantparameters of them such as temperature,naphthenic acid content and velocity,characteristics and corrosion rate of mateials in service.The feasibility of the model was verified by the data from literatures.It is proved that the ANN technology is applicable to the evaluation of the complicated system of naphthenic acid corrosion,and also gives a base to develop the expert system and residual life evaluation system for naphthenic acid corrosion.


We show how the characteristics (index and thickness) of an optical step index waveguide can be determined very easily, no calculations being necessary. The method is compared to some results published in the literature, and the agreement is found to be better than 5×10−3 with other methods.


Abstract Economic reforms since the 1980s resulted in weaker wage growth and the retrenchment of the welfare state. Labor's declining share of income in conjunction with consistent asset price inflation, created an environment where the electorate increased its demand for credit to which politicians, driven by opportunistic re-election motives, respond positively. The empirical findings suggest that politicians, irrespective of their ideology, introduce policies and manipulate credit growth to maximize their re-election prospects. Moreover, the results indicate that partisan politics in Australia have become less pronounced, suggesting an ideological convergence of the two major political parties with respect to credit.


ver, 36 percent of Alta fescue, and 60 percent of subterranean clover. Early harvest docs not work on all seed crops, however. In the same test, the take of pure live seed of birdsfoot trefoil was reduced substantially by early harvest. The first seed set was beginning to shatter before the germination of harvested seed was high enough to meet the requirements of State and interstate seed laws. Enough nutrients were left in the windrowed straw of crimson clover for the seed to finish maturing. The result was the largest amount of seed, the highest germination, and the lowest percentage of damaged and shriveled seeds. Records were kept of the appearance of the stems, the leaves, the floret, the seed, and the moisture content of the seed. Color pictures were used as guides to pinpoint the time to harvest a crop for maximum yields. Only the seed moisture at the time of cutting was a true indication of the time to windrow the crop each year. Results of research studies indicate that a seed is at its peak in quality at maturity and that it should be harvested immediately in order to get the highest percentage of quality seed. Seeds start deteriorating immediately upon reaching maturity, and all man can do is to retard the change by regulating the time and method of harvest and treatment after harvest.


The article reveals the influence of the moral and psychological state of the combat activities of the warrior. First you define the role and functions of the moral and psychological training in a modern army, then the example of the military operations in hot spots characterized by the influence of the level of moral-psychological training of the mental state of the military. At the end of the article the author shows the practices that contribute to the moral and psychological training of military personnel.


Abstract This paper focuses on the recent neo-liberal transformation in the Romanian education system and analyzes the genealogy of a new form of academic governance that has been implemented in higher education institutions in the past decade. It examines the role quality indicators and supplementary funding have played in the gradual embedding and naturalization of neo-liberal disciplinary reforms in universities and the specific quality enhancement policies that aimed at increasing the productivity of academic workers by stimulating the competition among them. The main argument of the paper is that in order to understand the extensive academic management based on scientometrics and recurrent evaluation of academics we need to look at the structural mechanisms that have shaped higher education institutions in accordance with market rules and at the generalization of competitiveness throughout the system in the context of budget cuts and decreasing resources allocated to education.


The call for papers at the conference 'Baroque for a Wide Public', held at the Institute for Art and Visual History at Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, in June 2015 noted that histories of art and artists had found a mass public thanks to publications, broadcasts, films, and photography exhibitions.1 These media reveal attitudes about the arts within the competing political systems in Western and Eastern Europe during the second half of the twentieth century. The wide public, however, was not just European. It included American viewers of television programs and films, increasing numbers of museum visitors, and millions of undergraduates who were introduced to art history through survey texts embracing arts from prehistory through the year prior to publication. The present essay attempts to explain why the American approach to art history of the baroque era excluded the art history of Eastern Europe.2It may be assumed that the American ignorance of Eastern European baroque is due to the Cold War. Simplistic speech in the United States denigrated the countries under Communism, while emphasizing American ties to what was called the Free World. Americans regretted the Eastern European loss of autonomy but were not eager to do anything about it, as was evident in Hungary in 1956 and in 1968, when Warsaw Pact troops put an end to Prague Spring. Enmity and neglect certainly hindered Americans from visiting the area, but did not prevent touring, so examples of Eastern European baroque, the arts of ca. 1580 to ca. 1760, were known only to travellers and scholars specialising in this field of study - from the United States, primarily Thomas DaCosta Kaufmann3 - even if not to researchers who concentrated on the works of Bernini and Rubens. One can therefore seek other reasons for the neglect of Eastern European baroque art.The most important reasons for American neglect of Eastern European art of all periods have to do with the geographic limits of customary American travel before 1989, with the nature of widely-used textbooks about art history, with North America's dominant cultural heritage focused on the United Kingdom and north-western Europe, and with a characteristic American fascination with invention and novelty, from the lightning rod (1749) to the IBOT stair-climbing wheelchair (2001). Much of what follows is based upon the experience of teaching American undergraduates since 1965, the formal study of art history at the undergraduate and graduate levels between 1953 and 1964, and consulting for publishers of textbooks. I was acquainted with some protagonists of popular American art history writing, including Isabelle Hyman, Marvin Trachtenberg, and Leland Roth. I first knew and studied under H.W. Janson in 1957, and from 1965 until his death in 1982, I taught in the art history department of which he was chairman.The United States is far from Europe, even though most Americans or their ancestors originated there. American language, religions, education, customs, and manners are modelled especially after English and French precedents. America does have colonial-era Spanish baroque and rococo churches in the west and southwest, but they are provincial in style compared to examples in the Iberian Peninsula or Mexico, Peru, and Brazil. They are widely scattered, and seldom in the centre of large cities, since they were founded as mission churches by Franciscans eager to convert the native population. The church of San Xavier del Bac outside Tucson (Arizona) is the most elaborate and sophisticated of these churches, but most are rectilinear buildings that may or may not have towers or elaborate folk-art altarpieces and painted statues. The United States has a few colonial-era Spanish-style plazas, as in Santa Fe (New Mexico) but they are much altered now or entirely rebuilt. A few seventeenth-century houses and churches and public buildings survive in remote parts of Virginia, south of Washington DC and elsewhere in the eastern states. …


Field studies on the native orchids of Oklahoma and adjacent states in recent years have led to the discovery of several new orchid species for Oklahoma and Kansas. In addition to the field work, herbarium collections were consulted at several institutions to verify that the recent collections were indeed new state records. Herbaria consulted were: OKLA, OKL, DUR, TULS, KANU, UARK, KSC, KSP, KSTC, MO and Northeastern Oklahoma State University (Tahlequah). All specimens cited are located at OCLA, and otherwise as cited.


The author, having recently served as an expert witness on the case described in this paper, is in an excellent position to share the details of the pre- and mid-operation decisions and actions that led to a catastrophic endotracheal (ET) tube fire. In preparation for trial, information was gathered from depositions of virtually all persons involved in this case. While concerns about the possibility of laser-induced penetration and ignition of an ET tube were first expressed in 1972, papers reporting such fires did not begin to appear until 1976. Following a brief overview of the history of the development of laser-safe airway surgical equipment and procedures, case details (sans names and location) will be presented. It will be clear that key decisions and the following actions by doctors and hospital staff were contrary to well-documented protocol presented in medical journals, physician training and ANSI Z136.3. Awareness of these protocol and the importance of adhering to them must be stressed (and evidently stressed again and again) to both physicians and other hospital staff.The author, having recently served as an expert witness on the case described in this paper, is in an excellent position to share the details of the pre- and mid-operation decisions and actions that led to a catastrophic endotracheal (ET) tube fire. In preparation for trial, information was gathered from depositions of virtually all persons involved in this case. While concerns about the possibility of laser-induced penetration and ignition of an ET tube were first expressed in 1972, papers reporting such fires did not begin to appear until 1976. Following a brief overview of the history of the development of laser-safe airway surgical equipment and procedures, case details (sans names and location) will be presented. It will be clear that key decisions and the following actions by doctors and hospital staff were contrary to well-documented protocol presented in medical journals, physician training and ANSI Z136.3. Awareness of these protocol and the importance of adhering to them must be stressed (and ev...


Classroom instruction can be inefficient or ineffective when students do not come to class prepared. One strategy to engage students prior to class is the use of pre-class quizzes. One pedagogical method developed for introductory courses by physics education researchers is pre-class "just-in-time-teaching" quizzes. As a variation on that idea, pre-class learning activities have been used with great success in the general education acoustics course at Brigham Young University (BYU). However, such methods are not often applied at the advanced undergraduate and graduate levels. This paper reviews some of the findings from the introductory course efforts and then describes the implementation of pre-class quizzes for two advanced acoustics courses at BYU. Two lessons learned thus far are 1) the questions, which have a free-response format, must be carefully constructed so that the instructor can gauge student understanding, and 2) when successfully implemented, the quizzes can provide an effective framework f...


This paper proposes a grid-connected Photovoltaic energy system through a three-phases DC-AC converter. For this purpose, the characterization of the PV system, integrating the maximum power point strategy (MPPT) based on Fractional Open-Circuit Voltage (FOV) and Fractional Short-Circuit Current (FSC) methods, is developed and treated under the software MATLAB / Simulink. Thereafter, the proposed design of three phases grid-connected inverter system has been simulated.


Three children from Turkey were observed, showing an unusual hyperplasia of their oral mucosa, corresponding to focal epithelial hyperplasia (FEH), described by Heck. These are the first cases of Heck's disease registered in the Federal Republic of Germany. The lesions in FEH are multiple, painless, soft papules of the oral mucosa. In all cases the lower lip was involved. The etiology of this rare condition is still unknown. Our investigations with electron microscope failed to confirm the presence of a virus in the lesions. Local application of vitamin A acid seems justified, since the lesions disappeared after this treatment in two cases. Spontaneous remissions are recorded.


People want to live independently, but too often disabilities or advanced age robs them of the ability to do the necessary activities of daily living (ADLs). Finding relationships between electromyograms measured in the arm and movements of the hand and wrist needed to perform ADLs can help address performance deficits and be exploited in designing myoelectrical control systems for prosthetics and computer interfaces. This paper reports on several machine learning techniques employed to discover the electromyogram patterns present when using the hand to perform 14 typical fine motor functional activities used to accomplish ADLs. Classification and clustering techniques are employed. Improvements to accuracies are introduced, including the use of exponential smoothing and using a symbolic representation to approximate signal streams. Results show the patterns can be learned to an accuracy of approximately 77% for a 15 class problem and the symbolic representation shows the potential for future improvement in accuracies.


In forecasting costs of final disposal for radioactive waste, the determined disposal concept and operational aspects such as the necessary amount for personnel to operate the repository are important. Even for the German deep geological concept, there are large differences resulting from the assessment to select an already existing mine or a completely new formation as a disposal site. Based on actual planning, the expected total costs of the running waste repository projects in the Federal Republic of Germany are presented including their distribution to single aspects like project management, underground investigation, licensing work and construction. Moreover, the actual expenditures for the different waste repositories are given and as far as possible the prices per m{sup 3}.


Ferrous materials as one kind of coloring metal oxides,whether in painted pottery,underglaze painted iron,celadon porcelain,or in black glaze or iron-red glaze,have been indispensable in Chinese ceramic decoration.The study of ferrous glaze material and its aesthetic exploration has pushed the traditional Chinese ceramics to an unparalled level.This article is to elaborate on how the traditional Chinese ceramics,based on the features of the local materials,are created with diversified ferrous colorings which are rich in contents and various in skills,and also discuss how ferrous colorings are influenced by the traditional Chinese aesthetic culture.


A new-style gasification method of high volatile content soft coal is mentioned in the paper.With quartz from Qinghai as solid gas former,we transform the high volatile content soft coal from Shanbei into a high heating value gas.Such parameters of the combination gas as content,heating value,acid-base number,flux,air pressure and temperature of gas collecting space are investigated.It's application is also analyzed.And besides,the influence of gasification time upon the yield and quality of SiC byproduct is discussed.The quality and crystalline of SiC byproduct prepared by 25 hours gasification is analyzed with XRD too.


The present report explores migrant integration through the lens of local governments. It reviews the relevant literature on the role of local governments in the integration of migrants in Europe and examines the case of Greece. On the basis of this review, the report develops an analytical framework for the study of migration policies on local government level and a framework for the assessment of the relevant measures and policies that municipalities adopt with the goal of promoting the integration of migrants. The author also tries to develop a new indicators system and to work with those already existing (MIPEX) in order to evaluate migrant integration.


This study was conducted to document rooting depths and distributions of deep-rooted plants common to the Hanford Site 200-Area plateau. The effort concentrated on excavating plant species suspected of having deep root systems, and species that have been reported in previous studies to contain radionuclides in above ground parts. The information obtained in this study will be useful in modeling radionuclide transport by plants and in designing covers and barriers for decommissioning low-level radioactive waste burial sites. Fourteen species including 58 individual plants were excavated to measure maximum rooting depth and root density distribution (g dry root/dm/sup 3/) through the root zone. Age and canopy volumes of shrubs were also determined. Eight of the 14 species excavated had average rooting depths of 150 cm or more. The two deepest rooted plants were antelope bitterbrush and sagebrush with average depths of 296 and 200 cm, respectively. Gray rabbitbrush had an average rooting depth of 183 cm. Summer annuals, Russian thistle and bursage, had average rooting depths of 172 and 162 cm, respectively. 7 references, 4 figures, 5 tables.


This paper presents a method of fault diagnosis for a rolling bearing used in a reciprocating machine by the adaptive filtering technique and a fuzzy neural network. The adaptive filtering is used ...


SynopsisThis article presents an overview of the issues and problems of the placement for adoption of an 'at risk' child in Western Australia. Data presented highlights the possible repercussions of an incorrect placement, and the need for a placement officer to be as informed as possible about the child, its background, diagnosis of its mental condition and prognosis of its development. It also makes clear that when an 'at risk' child is placed, consideration must be given to the ability of the adopting parents to cope with the child's possible mental retardation.


Dynamic allocation of spectrum prior to transmission is an important feature for next generation wireless networks. In this work, we develop and analyze a model for dynamic spectrum allocation, that is applicable for a broad class of practical systems. We consider multiple service providers (SPs), in the same geographic region, that share a fixed spectrum, on a non-interference basis. This spectrum is allocated to their customer end users for transmission to the SPs. Assuming that a user can obtain service from all the SPs, this work develops an efficient algorithm for spectrum allocation. The quality of service depends on system parameters such as number of users and SPs, the channel conditions between the users and SPs and the total transmit power of each user. The SPs have different efficiencies of reception. We adopt a user utility maximization framework to analyze this system. We develop the notion of spectrum price that enables a simple distributed spectrum allocation with minimal coordination among the SPs and users. Given the user utility functions and the system parameters, we characterize the spectrum price and the users' optimal bandwidth allocations. Our work provides theoretical bounds on performance limits of practical operator to user based dynamic spectrum allocation systems and also gives insights to actual system design.


This paper investigates possible improvements of abstraction to simplify finite-state machines during compositional nonblocking verification of large discrete event systems. Current methods to simplify finite-state machines depend on the absence of transitions from the states to be simplified, and selfloop transitions, i.e., transitions with the same source and target state, are a common culprit that prevents simplification. Some methods to remove such selfloops are known, but they require events that appear on selfloops in the entire finite-state machine to be simplified. The methods described in this paper improve on this, because they allow for the removal of individual selfloop transitions from a finite-state machine while preserving conflict equivalence. This makes it possible to remove more transitions, thus reducing the computational effort of compositional nonblocking verification. Two abstraction rules are proposed, and experimental results show the potential of improvement over previously used methods.


We describe in this paper a new method for building an efficient algorithm for scheduling jobs in a cluster. Jobs are considered as parallel tasks (PT) which can be scheduled on any number of processors. The main feature is to consider two criteria that are optimized together. These criteria are the makespan and the weighted minimal average completion time (minsum). They are chosen for their complementarity, to be able to represent both user-oriented objectives and system administrator objectives.We propose an algorithm based on a batch policy with increasing batch sizes, with a smart selection of jobs in each batch. This algorithm is assessed by intensive simulation results, compared to a new lower bound (obtained by a relaxation of ILP) of the optimal schedules for both criteria separately. It is currently implemented in an actual real-size cluster platform.


siderably more robust than is generally thought. All three of these books add to our understanding of Descartes. If I had to plump for one as an undergraduate textbook then it would be for Curley's, as soon as it was available in paperback. Only the better and later students would get full value from Williams and Wilson. Philosophers with Cartesian interests will gain considerably from all three. To come back to our original question about the need for further commentaries: as philosophy changes, perhaps even advances, so we need to reassess the major figures from its past. These books show that such reassessment is both possible and fruitful. But their concentration on one major text means that their reassessments are but partial.


By means of document analysis and logic reasoning,the article discusses the basic theory of rural sports modernization.Rural Sports modernization means the transformation and dynamic development process of mass sports and competitive sports in some partly-connected or disconnected areas,where the permanent population is less than 3,000 or over 3,000 in some special dependent areas.It also means the ideal level and status of mass sports and competitive sports under the modernization demands of China's social development in different historical periods.The 5 features of rural sports modernization lie in democratization and legalization of organizational management,comprehensiveness of social functions,knowledge of sports technique diffusion,diversity of sports facilities and harmonization of sports structure.


Abstract The solidifying metal/chill contour will significantly affect the boundary heat transfer coefficients, and solidification modellers should be aware of the casting conditions for which the heat transfer coefficients are determined. The previous work carried out on solidification of Al–Si alloys in a metallic mould and solidification against bottom/top chills has shown that modification and chilling have synergetic effect resulting in a significant increase in the heat flux transients at the casting/chill interface. In the present work, the heat transfer during solidification of unmodified and chemically modified Al–Si alloys around a cylindrical copper chill was investigated. Heat flux transients were estimated using lumped heat capacitance method. Lower peak heat flux was obtained with chemically modified alloy. This is in contrast to the results reported for alloys solidifying against chills and in metallic moulds. The chill thermal behaviour and heat transfer to the chill material when surrounded by modified and unmodified alloys were explained on the basis of the decrease in the degree of undercooling in the case of modified alloy as compared to unmodified alloy and the change in contact condition and shrinkage characteristics of the alloy due to the addition of chemical modifiers.


Painting of people gathered in front of Lovett Hall. The painting is done in the Impressionist style by Margaret Brisbine. Original resource is a color painting.


This paper discusses the stimulating mechanism of inducing micro-seismic in the fracturing process,analyzes the relationship between artificial fractures and crustal stress and describes the orientation method of seismic events.Using the micro-seismic monitoring technology,we monitored in real-time the Well BYHF1 horizontal fracturing process by real-time positioning theory system.Based on the dipole logging and VSP data,the initial velocity model of monitoring area was established,which can be calibrated through perforation gun.On the basis of comprehensive analysis of real-time monitoring system data and identification of effective seismic events,we calculated the position of micro-seismic events using the information of compression and shear wave analysis.The direction,size,space distribution of fractures of fracturing well-block was described in detail using visualization technology,and the monitoring results show that the direction of fractures are mainly NE34°,which is basically coincided with the results of imaging logging.


Immunological and serological methods can detect the antibodies specifi c to a particular infection in serum or antigen in different body tissues or excretions or secretions. The animal diseases have been diagnosed by immunological and serological test since very long. The antibodies are produced in animal body as a result of body defense responses against the causative agents.


of meanings which, because of Dorst's open-ended approach to the business of production, can be read into one of his texts. Precisely because Dorst has the uncanny knack of sensing a complex, unresolved and powerful problem which is in the air (c.f. p. 11) and then transcribing it in all its complexity, it is possible for different producers to turn one text into several different, even contradictory plays something which it is possible to appreciate only by going back to theatre programmes and subjecting the reviews of different productions to careful, comparative analysis. Such minor reservations notwithstanding, Erken's book will be an extremely useful Hilfsmittel to anyone who is seriously interested in the history of the post-war German stage.


A method using neural-networks to compensate for errors in the position and orientation of robot manipulators is proposed. The errors of robot manipulators due to miss in setting or modeling are measured and learned by a neural network. The reference input to robot controllers is modified by using the neural network. The compensation algorithm is discussed in the paper. A method to add the second neural network to the first one is also proposed in order to obtain the accuracy of the compensation without the much increase of the learning time in the back-propagation process. The proposed compensation method is investigated by computer simulation for a two-link and a six-link manipulator, and the method is compared with the one using linear interpolation. It is verified that the errors in the robot manipulators are significantly reduced by using the proposed compensation method. The method is also applied to a two-link SCARA type D.D. robot and its effectiveness is verified by experiments.


Normal immune responses stimulated by pathogenic and environmental antigens generate memory T cells that react with donor antigens and no currently used immunosuppressive drug completely inhibits memory T‐cell function. While donor‐reactive memory T cells clearly compromise graft outcomes, mechanisms utilized by memory T cells to promote rejection are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated how early endogenous memory cells infiltrate and express effector function in cardiac allografts. Endogenous CD8 memory T cells in nonsensitized recipients distinguish syngeneic versus allogeneic cardiac allografts within 24 h of reperfusion. CD8‐dependent production of IFN‐γ and CXCL9/Mig was observed 24 to 72 h posttransplant in allografts but not isografts. CXCL9 was produced by donor cells in response to IFN‐γ made by recipient CD8 T cells reactive to donor class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Activated CD8 T cells were detected in allografts at least 3 days before donor‐specific effector T cells producing IFN‐γ were detected in the recipient spleen. Early inflammation mediated by donor‐reactive CD8 memory T cells greatly enhanced primed effector T‐cell infiltration into allografts. These results suggest that strategies for optimal inhibition of alloimmunity should include neutralization of infiltrating CD8 memory T cells within a very narrow window after transplantation.


Software for young children requires specific attention to a variety of details that range from the used metaphors, interaction modalities and even used language. These aspects gain further relevance when creating software for critical activities such as fear therapy, requiring specific approaches during the design process right from the start. This paper describes the design process of a set of software solutions for young children's fear therapy using mobile devices. We address the used techniques, procedures and describe the resulting prototypes. Initial evaluation results and future work plans are also presented.


Introduction: Leoville was found in Kansas in 1961. It is classified as a reduced CV3. Within the reduced subgroup, it is one of the least metamorphosed members. Prominent features of this polymict fragmental breccia comprise type A and B Ca-Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) [e.g., 1, 2], dark lithic clasts [e.g., 1, 3], and amoeboid olivine aggregates (AOAs) [e.g., 4]. All constituents are set in a varied matrix [1]. In situ compaction led to structural deformation manifested in distinctive foliations [5]. Our study: In continuation of investigating refractory trace elements in meteorites [6], we will present comprehensive refractory lithophile element data on a representative series of objects from Leoville. In detail, we will give a petrographic overview of our sample, including a description of typical objects, quantification of the proportions of existing components, and examination of the bulk chemical composition of selected typical constituents. We will also investigate the distribution of refractory lithophile trace elements in a selected range of objects. First results: As first steps, we performed BSE and elemental mapping of an approx. 1 x 2.5 cm thick slab of Leoville. The mapping was carried out with a JOEL JXA 8900RL electron microprobe located at the Universität Göttingen, Germany. The BSE map (Fig. 1) reveals a matrix-rich chondrite with significant terrestrial alteration. Weathering affected almost all iron phases in the meteorite. It also led to the precipitation of oxidized and hydrolyzed iron phases and limited terrestrial calcite in an extensive set of secondary veins. Furthermore, the BSE map illustrates the variety of objects in terms of type and size. Our sample of Leoville is dominated by matrix and (deformed) chondrules and chondrule fragments. In conjunction with a combined X-ray elemental map (Fig. 2; Mg = red, Ca = green, Al = blue), we can readily distinguish the major silicate minerals olivine and pyroxene. In addition, we can identify different CAIs, an AOA, and a single Ca-Al-rich mineral of appreciable size (approx. 700 x 300 μm). Figure 1. BSE map of Leoville (CV3). Dimensions are 90 x 224 mm.


Abstract

The goal of this research is to determine the role of village chief on unfinished land lawsuit settlement along with all influencing factors. This is seen as there are so many cases such as borderland cases, land area, and land ownership cases which has not been solved completely. All eight-seven (87) people inflicted on this case accounted as research's sample.
The data collected using observation, interview, questionnaire, and literature study methods. Those data were analyzed quantitatively by using tabulation system, frequency, and statictical percentage.
The result shows that the village chief has quite a role by scoring average 3,63, while the influencing factors in quantity of work scores average 2,95, the quality of work scores average 3,23, dependability scores average 4,90, job knowledge scores average 3,96, creativeness scores average 2,52, cooperation scores average 4,65, initiative scores average 2,10, and finally personal quality scores average 4,77.


Restaurant industry is growing at a swift pace and keen to strengthen every segment of their business. Although ample attention is being paid in digitalizing the restaurant management systems, not many business proprietors recognise the importance of implementing digital billing software systems within the restaurant. The consumers' experience at any restaurant includes not only the food but also the placing and billing their orders. Billing software systems must be incorporated with additional features that speed up the restaurant services to gain better recognition, by enhancing the consumer's experience in any food chain. It enables customers to login to their account, access rewards, place orders and obtain the entire bill alongside payment options. The aim of this work is to change the traditional way of ordering food at a restaurant". During the days of Covid-19, everyone wanted to avail contactless service, so when getting to a restaurant we will digitally access the menu and order our food in a contactless manner. Use of digital menu cards will help erode the communication gap between the waiter and the customer and therefore would confirm that the right order is placed. There will be less chances of order getting mixed with another table too. In this work, the restaurant management system is implemented in 8086 Microprocessor Assembly Language Programming (ALP) through EMU8086 emulator which helps in understanding the operation of 8086 Microprocessor.


Part I. Liver: Section I. Hepatocellular Carcinoma: 1. Hepatic Subsegmentectomy (SVIII) for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Under Thoracolaparotomy with Right Diagonal Approach 2. Right Anterior Segmentectomy (V, VIII) and VII Segmentectomy Combined with Resection of the Right Hepatic Vein by Preserving the Right Inferior Hepatic Vein 3. Extended Right Lobectomy with Extirpation of the Portal Tumor Thrombus Extending to the Main Trunk and the Left Branch for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma 4. Right Posterior Segmentectomy and Total Caudal Lobectomy by Diagonal Approach for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Located in Segments VII-I 5. Right Lobectomy (Located to the Left Side) Including the Middle Hepatic Vein with Combined Resection of the Caudate Lobe for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in a Patient with Situs Inversus Viscerum Totalis 6. Right Hepatic Lobectomy by J-Incision for Large Hepatocellular Carcinoma 7. Extended Right Lobectomy with Removal of the Portal Tumor Thrombus and Resection of the Hepatic Inferior Vena Cava 8. Extended Left and Caudal Lobectomy with Removal of Tumor Thrombus Extending into the Right Atrium for Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Total Hepatic Vascular Exclusion Using Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Section II. Cholangiocellular Carcinoma: 9. Extended Left Lobectomy Combined with Resection of the Caudate Lobe and the Extrahepatic Bile Duct, and Lymphadenectomy and Hepaticojejunostomy with the Roux-en-Y Method for Intrahepatic Cholangiocellular Carcinoma 10. Right Trisegmentectomy and Resection of the Extrahepatic Bile Duct and the Portal Vein with Removal of Tumor Thrombus and Hepaticojejunostomy with the Roux-en-Y Method for Cholangiocellular Carcinoma 11. Right Trisegmentectomy with Hepatoduodenal Ligamentectomy (Combined En Bloc Resection of the Extrahepatic Bile Duct, the Hepatic Artery, and the Portal Vein) for Advanced Cholangiocellular Carcinoma 12. Left and Caudal Lobectomy with Resection of the Hepatic Inferior Vena Cava by In Situ Hypothermic Perfused Liver Surgery for Intrahepatic Cholangiocellular Carcinoma 13. Ex Vivo Left Trisegmentectomy with Partial Resection of the Right Hepatic Vein by Bench Surgery for Advanced Cholangioma. Section III. Metastatic Liver Cancer: 14. Extended Right Lobectomy with Combined Resection of Couinaud's Segments IVb and II for Metastatic Liver Cancer from Rectal Cancer. Section IV. Other: 15. Radical Operative Repair for Obstruction of the Hepatic Inferior Vena Cava (So-called Budd-Chiari Syndrome) Using the Femorofemoral Bypass Technique.- Part II. Pancreas: 16. Pylorus-Preserving Pancreatoduodenectomy (PpPD) and Intraoperative Radiation for Cancer of the Head of the Pancreas 17. Segmental Pancreatectomy for Small Pancreatic Cancer 18. Pancreatic Head Resection with Second-Portion Duodenectomy for Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Tumor of the Head of the Pancreas 19. Spleen-Preserving Distal Pancreatectomy for Noninvasive Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Carcinoma 20. Pylorus-Preserving Pancreatoduodenectomy for Invasive Carcinoma Derived from Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Carcinoma of the Head of the Pancreas 21. Longitudinal Pancreaticojejunostomy with Coring Out of the Head of the Pancreas for Chronic Pancreatitis 22. Pancreatic Head Resection Preserving the Duodenum and Longitudinal Pancreaticojejunostomy for Chronic Pancreatitis Associated with Pancreaticobiliary Maljunction.- Part III. Biliary Tract: Section V. Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma: 23. Extended Right Hepatic Lobectomy with Total Caudate Lobectomy, Extrahepatic Bile Duct Resection, and Lymphadenectomy for Advanced Hilar Cholangioma After Preoperative Right Portal Embolization


Summary Gas injection to reservoir is carried out for various reasons, including pressure maintenance, enhanced oil recovery and greenhouse gas storage. The molecular diffusion coefficient is one of the most important mechanisms in describing the mass transfer in gas injection to reservoirs. Currently, for calculating the molecular diffusion coefficient, indirect methods especially pressure decay method are used. The most important point in this method is the useage of appropriate model and analyze the experimental results. In this study, the diffusion coefficient of CO2 in condensate is calculated using pressure decay methods. Then analytical methods for analyzing experimental data from the pressure decay method have been evaluated. The result show that equilibrium boundary condition matches well to experimental data. Because of the low viscosity of the condensate, it can be assumed that the interphase is Continuous and the surface Resistance is low. While the non-equilibrium and pseudo-equilibrium boundary condition has reported the diffusion coefficient more than its actual value.


In a recent work, N. Hindman, D. Strauss and L. Zamboni have shown that the Hales-Jewett theorem can be combined with a sufficiently well behaved homomorphisms. In this paper we will show that those combined extensions can be made if we replace the alphabet by an increasing sequence of alphabets, infact it holds for some Ramsey theoretic small sets. To obtained this we achieved some interesting configurations.


Traditional approaches in sport decision making research test problems with a 'correct' and agreed upon answer. In many cases, however, the most critical decisions are often the least clear cut. This is particularly the case for officiating decisions. The approach used in this study was to examine borderline or ambiguous decisions for the ball-strike judgment in baseball. (author abstract)


CV787, a novel highly prostate-specific replication-competent adenovirus with improved efficacy, was constructed. CV787 contains the prostate-specific rat probasin promoter, driving the adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) E1A gene, and the human prostate-specific enhancer/promoter, driving the E1B gene. To improve efficacy, we constructed CV787 such that it also contains the entire Ad5 E3 region. CV787 replicates in prostate-specific antigen (PSA)+ cells as well as wild-type adenovirus, but in PSA- cells, CV787 replicates 10(4)-10(5) times less efficiently. CV787 destroys PSA+ prostate cancer cells 10,000 times more efficiently than PSA- cells. Incorporation of the Ad5 E3 region significantly improves the target cell killing ability or efficacy of CV787. In nu/nu mice carrying s.c. LNCaP xenografts, a single i.v. tail vein injection of CV787 eliminates 300-mm3 tumors within 4 weeks. CV787 could be a powerful therapeutic for human metastatic prostate cancer.


The problem of the aging population is a sign of human civilization. It's also regard as a tendency of the population development which all the societies will be confronted with.Respecting the old is Chinese traditional merit.The work concerning the old should be listed as one of the important contents to realize the scientific development and construct a Harmonious Community. The paper analyzes constructing the community network of helping the old,fulfilling the duty of taking care of the old,strengthening the community development and constructing a harmonious community.


The expected doubling of the elderly population in the United States by year 2030 poses a major challenge to public health and medical care systems because of limited and progressive diminution of resources for public health and medical care for the elderly (1). This challenge highlights the urgent need for effective programs and policies aimed at the prevention of diseases and maintenance of health over the life span of individuals. Such programs must rely on solid, translatable evidence from population-based etiologic studies. However, both etiologic studies of healthy aging and the translation of study findings into programs and policies are exceedingly complex. For example, to identify accurately and precisely the predictors of the onset and the progression of diseases and functional decline, we must contend with not only 1) multiple arrays of time-varying risk and protective factors and 2) multiple morbidities and functional outcomes over time but also 3) synergism among these factors, 4) risk accumulation processes, and 5) latency periods. To develop tailored prevention programs for implementation at optimal times to maximize benefits and costeffectiveness, decision makers need detailed documentation of the changes in the population distribution of the causes of disease onset and disease progression with increasing age, as well as comprehensive and accurate risk information on priority subgroups. These challenges for etiologic research and for evidence translation call for inventive approaches in epidemiologic research and practice. One valuable and increasingly popular approach is the life course framework for epidemiologic research and public health program and policy development (2, 3). This approach integrates streams of disciplinaryspecific theories and methodologies from biology, human development, public health, and medicine, as well as the social and policy sciences, to account for health and disease over the life span of individuals. The life course framework unifies theories of disease causation and progression in individuals and populations across many conceptual domains that include 1) multiple multilevel determinants of disease, 2) critical and sensitive exposure time periods, 3) accumulation of risk and protection, and 4) the dynamic interplay among biology, adaptive processes, and sociocultural, environmental, and historical contexts (4). The life course approach, while interdisciplinary and integrative, presents epidemiologists and other health researcherswith alarming complexity.However, it is perhaps themost comprehensive approach epidemiologists and others might take to begin to accumulate answers to the most fundamental of all public health questions: What actions (in the form of intervention programs and public policies) need to be taken at what age across the life span of individuals to prevent disease and enhance health? Kuh et al. (5) take the life course approach to quantify the effects of physical growth and developmental milestones in childhood, since these affect physical functioning at midlife. To do these analyses, they use data collected from a representative sample of the intended target population, the British cohort born in 1946.More specifically, they usedmultiple linear regression to quantify the effects on standard physical performance measures at age 53 years of 1) height-adjusted weight, separately for each follow-up age; 2) the effect of each sex-stratified interval weight and height velocity from birth through age 53 years, adjusted for lifetime social class, current physical activity, and current health status; and 3) the residual effects of age at meeting developmental motor milestones, cognitive ability score at age 8 years, motor coordination score at age 15 years, and age at puberty, by increment adjustment for sex, growth trajectories, childhood social class, and other adult risk factors. In doing these analyses,


Breiman's random forest (RF) can be interpreted as an implicit kernel generator,where the ensuing proximity matrix represents the data-driven RF kernel. Kernel perspective on the RF has been used to develop a principled framework for theoretical investigation of its statistical properties. However, practical utility of the links between kernels and the RF has not been widely explored and systematically evaluated.Focus of our work is investigation of the interplay between kernel methods and the RF. We elucidate the performance and properties of the data driven RF kernels used by regularized linear models in a comprehensive simulation study comprising of continuous, binary and survival targets. We show that for continuous and survival targets, the RF kernels are competitive to RF in higher dimensional scenarios with larger number of noisy features. For the binary target, the RF kernel and RF exhibit comparable performance. As the RF kernel asymptotically converges to the Laplace kernel, we included it in our evaluation. For most simulation setups, the RF and RFkernel outperformed the Laplace kernel. Nevertheless, in some cases the Laplace kernel was competitive, showing its potential value for applications. We also provide the results from real life data sets for the regression, classification and survival to illustrate how these insights may be leveraged in practice.Finally, we discuss further extensions of the RF kernels in the context of interpretable prototype and landmarking classification, regression and survival. We outline future line of research for kernels furnished by Bayesian counterparts of the RF.


The English Graduation Benchmark (EGB) is a common criterion adopted by many universities in Taiwan, including both comprehensive and technology universities to monitor their graduates' English ability. However, this common criterion has caused some debates in recent years about its appropriateness and fairness to students from less advantageous backgrounds. Some universities have decided to stop this policy in practice. This study aims to investigate technology university students' perspectives and attitudes towards the EGB, as well as to compare and contrast the opinions of students from English and non-English departments. A quantitative method was adopted for this study. The questionnaire included: (1) Participants' background information, (2) their experience of taking the proficiency tests, and (3) their thoughts on the EGB policy. In total, 360 students participated in this study. The results showed that most technology university students agreed with the establishment of the EGB. Students from English and non-English departments had positive attitudes because the benchmark motivated them to learn English in some way. Last but not least, technology university students considered the EGB to be useful for their future career development. This paper considers the possible implications of these findings for universities and the government, and suggests how they might re-conceptualize their policies to make them more sustainable.


Abstract This study to determine the effect of the amount of sugar and pectin to the quality of rosella flower butter. This study uses a C omplete Randomized Design (CRD) with factorial (2) of two replicates. Factor I is the amount of sugar with a password (G) consisting of 4 standard, namely: G0 = 45%, G1 = 50%, G2 = 55% and G3 = 60%. Factor II is the amount of pectin with a password (P) which consists of four standards are: P1 = 0.2%, P2 = 0.4%, P3 = P4 = 0.6% and 0.8%. The parameters observed include: TSS, levels of Vitamin C, total acid, organoleptic taste and texture . Keywords: sugar, pectin, butter, rosella


The taxonomy of flabelligerid polychaetes has been difficult because of three main problems: 1) the eversible anterior end is rarely exposed and its appendices are poorly known, 2) there is no standard terminology for chaetae, and 3) most generic definitions have been unstable or improperly defined. A redefinition and revision of all species in Piromis Kinberg, 1867 and Pycnoderma Grube, 1877 is herein presented. Piromis, Pycnoderma, and Trophoniella Caullery, 1944 share a thick tunic and a projected, tongue-shaped branchial plate. Their main difference is the type of neurochaetae in median and posterior chaetigers; thus, Piromis has multiarticulate, often bidentate neurochaetae, whereas Pycnoderma has oligoarticulate, often mucronate neurochaetae, while Trophoniella has anchylosed neurochaetae. This latter genus is being revised elsewhere. The species in Piromis or Trophoniella are separated depending on the extent and type of sediment cover, together with the presence of notopodial or dorsal lobes, the relative length of chaetal articles, especially in neurochaetae, and the relative abundance of body papillae or cephalic cage chaetae. As herein defined, Piromis includes 12 species with five being newly described, while Pycnoderma includes eight species with three being newly described. The species in Piromis are P. arenosus Kinberg, 1867 (type species), P. amoureuxi n. sp. from the Lesser Antilles, P. brisegnoi n. sp. from the Gulf of California, P. capulata (Moore, 1909) n. comb., P. eruca (Claparede, 1869), P. fauchaldi n. sp. from the Gulf of California, P. kisemboanus (Augener, 1918) n. comb., P. robertsi (Hartman, 1951), P. suni n. sp. from the South China Sea, P. vossae n. sp. from the Strait of Florida, P. websteri Day, 1973 n. status, and P. wehei n. sp. from the Indian Ocean. On the other hand, the species in Pycnoderma are P. congoense Grube, 1877 (type species), P. dannyi n. sp. from tropical Western Africa, P. escobarae n. sp. from the Gulf of Mexico, P. ferruginea (Gallardo, 1968) n. comb., P. glabra (Treadwell, 1901) n. comb., P. glasbyi n. sp. from Northeastern Australia, P. gracilis (Hartman, 1961) n. comb., and P. talehsapensis (Fauvel, 1932) n. comb. Another species, P. fernandense Augener, 1918, described from two localities from Ghana and Equatorial Guinea, is transferred to Trophoniella Caullery, 1944, by having anchylosed neurospines in posterior chaetigers. All Piromis and Pycnoderma species thrive in sediments, sometimes in mixed environments, in tropical to temperate regions. Piromis includes mostly shallow water species while Pycnoderma includes species living in greater depths.


Central Kalimantan from 2017 until now, tried to do a process of value innovation in marketing with sales utilizing online facilities (Facebook and Instagram) in increasing project value in communication(Hendar, & Nurhayati, 2017). Based on the research of Alessandro and Rosario (2015)business development in an uncertain environment requires businesses to apply business strategies not only to business units but to identify and analyze market share and business objectives by studying the business environment from information and knowledge sharing become an environmental point of view now and in the future(Albert & 2015). Research that focuses on market orientation according to Ngo and O'Cass (2012) is a business strategy in reaching market share better in meeting the needs of consumers supported by innovation performance, but the results of research into market orientation variables are not significant as marketing capabilities for performance in innovation. According to Boso, Adeola, Danso, and Assadinia (2017)marketing performance with significant influence from market orientation and marketing performance with significant influence from market orientation and knowledge Marketing performance research is now heavily influenced by social media as an effective and efficient tool and media in marketing existing and new products Abstract: Research on rattan handicraft business actors in Central Kalimantan using interview and questionnaire methods aims to improve the performance of value innovation in business strategies that adopt independent variables Market Orientation and Knowledge Sharing results can positively affect the performance of value innovation. Research with a sample of 100 business people, has research implications for the development of a craft business in a competitive business environment with novelty the higher ability of business actors in identifying market orientation and the ability to obtain information and being able to share information for value innovation performance that prioritizes the process in marketing can increase business for small businesses and as a research reference for other researchers in the development of marketing management science.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
The chemokine stroma-derived factor 1a (SDF-1a or CXCL12) is essential for proliferation of B lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells in their physiological microenvironment, bone marrow stroma. CXCL12 synergizes with cytokines that stimulate myeloid cells, but its interaction with cytokines affecting lymphoid cells has not been examined. We investigated whether interleukin (IL)-7 and IL-3 interact with CXCL12 to regulate ALL proliferation.

DESIGN AND METHODS
The survival of ALL cells in serum-free cultures, with or without stromal support and cytokines, was assessed by flow cytometry, and proliferation by 3H-thymidine incorporation. Signaling mechanisms were assessed by western blotting of phosphorylated forms of signaling molecules and by the use of specific inhibitors.

RESULTS
CXCL12, IL-3, and IL-7 had only marginal effects on ALL cell survival under serum-free conditions. However, these molecules individually induced significant proliferative responses in stromal cultures of 11 cases of ALL. The combination of CXCL12 with IL-7 or IL-3 produced a variety of responses, with clear synergistic or additive interactions observed in four cases. Synergistic proliferation in response to CXCL12 plus IL-7 was associated with enhanced phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases, ERK-1/2 and p38, and AKT, and was partially inhibited by pretreatment of cells with inhibitors for p38 MAPK and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, implicating these pathways in the proliferation in response to IL-7 plus CXCL12.

INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS
These findings indicate a complex interaction between signaling from the CXCR4 receptor on ALL cells with those initiated by the cytokines IL-7 and IL-3, suggesting that CXCL12 may facilitate ALL proliferation by enhancing cytokine-signaling pathways in responsive cases.


We study subgradient methods for convex optimization that use projections onto successive approximations of level sets of the objective corresponding to estimates of the optimal value. We present several variants and show that they enjoy almost optimal efficiency estimates. In another paper we discuss possible implementations of such methods. In particular, their projection subproblems may be solved inexactly via relaxation methods, thus opening the way for parallel implementations. They can also exploit accelerations of relaxation methods based on simultaneous projections, surrogate constraints, and conjugate and projected (conditional) subgradient techniques.


More than 400 Dickinsonians from around the globe gathered on campus to celebrate William G. '71 and Elke Durden's 14 years of leadership, service and dedication to Dickinson at the Bow Tie Bash, Saturday, May 4. Featuring a video tribute; a poetry reading; speeches from alumni, students and staff; and even a sing-along, the event celebrated the college's "revolutionary rise" during Durden's tenure, highlighting significant gains in admissions, academics, finance, alumni engagement, national stature and sustainability.


Abstract A brief reminder of the Dark Matter problem, from the Galactic scale to the Universe scale, is done in the Introduction. Then both baryonic (Astrophysics) and non-baryonic (Particle Physics) candidates are discussed. A review of Dark Matter experiments, designed to search for the different types of candidates, represents the bulk of the lecture. Finally an outlook introduces to some concluding remarks.


. In order to fully exploit the potential of transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers (TMD-MLs), the well-controlled creation of atomically sharp lateral heterojunctions within these materials is highly desirable. A promising approach to create such heterojunctions is the local modulation of the electronic structure of an intrinsic TMD-ML via dielectric screening induced by its surrounding materials. For the realization of this non-invasive approach, an in-depth understanding of such dielectric effects is required. We report on the modulations of excitonic transitions in TMD-MLs through the effect of dielectric environments including low-k and high-k dielectric materials. We present absolute tuning ranges as large as 37 meV for the optical band gaps of WSe 2 and MoSe 2 MLs and relative tuning ranges on the order of 30% for the binding energies of neutral excitons in WSe 2 MLs. The


1PG Student [Power System], Dept. of EEE, Maharishi University of Information Technology, Lucknow, U.P., India 2Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, Maharishi University of Information Technology, Lucknow, U.P., India 3Assistant Professor, Dept. of EEE, MG Institute of Management & Technology, Lucknow, U.P., India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract An In this paper MPPT technique are used for extraction of maximum power from PV system. Solar is main source of non conventional energy since wind energy is also the form of solar energy. Solar energy is converted into electrical energy by the help of Photo Voltaic system. Solar panels collect the sun's energy and convert it to electrical energy. Unfortunately, the sun is not consistent throughout the day due to cloud cover and the sun's angle relative to the position of the solar panel. In addition, the intensity of the sun varies according to season and geographical location. Furthermore the characteristic curve of a solar cell exhibits a nonlinear voltage-current relationship. Therefore, a controller named the maximum power point tracker (MPPT) is an essential part of a photovoltaic (PV) system, to find automatically the maximum power operating point at all environmental conditions and then force the PV system to operate at this point (MPP), to ensure the optimal use of the available solar energy.


Based on the particularity of antique and noted trees,the main factors affecting the value of antique and noted trees in rural area were analyzed.The types of value of antique and noted trees in rural area were determined.According to the basic theory of forest resources asset evaluation,integrated the national,provincial policies and regulations,an evaluation model on value of antique and noted trees in rural area was established,which was consistent with the current market.