Background Coronary artery diseases (CAD) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Oxidative stress is an important event associated with CAD and dictates the associated pathophysiology. The imbalance in pro oxidants and antioxidants occurs during myocardial infarction and can cause damage to myocardium. Hence, it is worth investigating the oxidative stress status in atherosclerotic high risk group which may lead to myocardial infarction. Further, the comparative investigation of oxidative stress parameters between NSTEMI and STEMI variants of myocardial infarction in ECG helps to identify the differential response of pro and antioxidants according to the extent of coronary artery occlusion. Objective To study the role of oxidative stress molecules as early indicators of myocardial infarction in atherosclerotic disease high risk factor group. To investigate the antioxidant enzymes had any differential activity between NSTEMI and STEMI variants of myocardial infarction which can be indicators for severity of coronary artery occlusion. of oxidative stress parameters between atherosclerotic disease high risk score category and low risk score category and between NSTEMI and STEMI variants in ECG during myocardial infarction. The sample size was n=26 in each group. The oxidative stress parameters were assessed in blood plasma of participants according to established methods. The statistics was done in Microsoft excel and students t test was used for comparison between groups and p value less than 0.05 considered as significant. Results The study observed that the antioxidant parameters such as catalase and glutathione had lowered activity in ASCVD high risk group compared to low risk group and no significant change was observed in superoxide dismutase and thiobarbituric acid reacting substances. We also observed that both antioxidant enzymes, Catalase and SOD had significantly lowered activity in STEMI vs NSTEMI variants in ECG of myocardial infarction group. The study concluded that antioxidant enzymes lowered during ASCVD high risk category could be used as early indicators for acute myocardial infarction.


To reduce the ethylene into 1,2-dichloroethane, i.e., ethylene ( "EDC") dichloride high temperature direct chlorination ( "HTDC") a reactor corrosion due to moisture in the gas outlet, and the HTDC (reactor) is the outlet for a gas recycled to produce EDC oxychlorination reactor.


Regularization has become an important tool for solving many ill-posed problems in approximation theory-for example, in computer vision-including surface reconstruction, optical flow, and shape from shading. The authors attempt to determine whether the approach taken in regularization is always the correct one, and to what extent the results of regularization are reliable. They consider as an example a case in which regularization has been used to reconstruct a surface from sparse data, and attempt to determine how strongly the height of the surface at a certain point can be relied upon. These questions are answered by defining a probability distribution on the class of surfaces considered, and computing its expectation and variance. The variance can be used, for instance, to construct a safety strip around the interpolated surface that should not be entered if collision with the surface is to be avoided.<<ETX>>


This study deals with applicative constructions in Standard Indonesian. Following a survey of the syntactic and semantic features of these applicative constructions mainly based on the criteria that Peterson (2007) suggests, a further characterization will be made with special attention on how to interpret the distribution of the two applicative suffi xes -i and -kan, each of which has multiple functions.


The invention relates to a kit, particularly a Treponema pallidum real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) multitarget detection kit and preparation thereof. The kit comprises a DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) extraction reagent bottle, a heat-resistant DNA polymerase bottle, a PCR reaction liquid bottle, a standard substance bottle, a quality control substance bottle and apacking box, wherein the DNA extraction reagent bottle comprises a protease K bottle, a lysis buffer bottle, an anhydrous alcohol bottle, an inhibitor removing liquid bottle, a first cleaning buffer bottle, an eluent bottle, a second cleaning buffer bottle and a centrifugation column containing a collection tube; the standard substance bottle is provided with 6 standard substance plasmid bottles containing 5 target genes; and the quality control substance bottle comprises a negative quality control substance bottle and a positive quality control substance bottle. The preparation method comprises the following steps: screening the target genes, and constructing the multitarget gene standard substance plasmids; after making a multitarget gene detection reagent standard curve, sequentially preparing PCR reaction liquid and heat-resistant DNA polymerase; after establishing a sample processing method, preparing the quality control substance; and finally, completing the Treponema pallidum real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR multitarget detection kit.


The present work was conducted on Dutch fennel plant strains during the two successive seasons of 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 in El-Maghara region, North Sinai Governorate, Egypt to detect the effect of sowing dates, organic fertilization, foliar spray of Spirulina platensis algae extract and the interaction among treatments on fruits and essential oil productivity. The experiment was planned in split split plot design. The interaction results showed that the significantly maximum increments in growth, fruits and oil yields were obtained when plants were sown in the early sowing date (15 of October) and received the higher level of compost manure (20 m/fed.) combined with foliar spray of Spirulina platensis extract. The major chemical constituents of extracted essential oils were trans-anethole, estragole, lfenchone and d-limonene.


The Internet is based on the best-effort distribution approach and the network is converted to packets. The Internet network, therefore, does not guarantee the transmission of data. Several strategies have been developed to mitigate the loss and mask the loss of information. MPEG-4 compression is used in object-based error concealment, which is required to acquire the shape and texture information of objects in the video along with their movement. On the other hand, in order to understand relative object location and size in a scene, Shadows plays major roles. For example, without a cast shadow, it is difficult to accurately determine an object's position in space. Shadows can also help us to understand a complex receiver's geometry. In images and videos, the current error concealment algorithms are not considered as shadow's function. Therefore, if the video has shadows, the precision of the error concealment can be that. The video is considered a crucial factor in overcoming this shadow. The error is hidden and applied using calculation and correction of global motion. The shadows are obtained through HSV color space while assigning the threshold value by standard deviation. To calculate the relative standard deviation, the discrete wavelet transformation is used. The output binary planes of the algorithm to conceal error and the algorithm to detect shadows are combined to recreate the damaged frame with shadows.


Features of the phase coexistence in the perovskite-type (1 – x)Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )TiO 3 – xPbTiO 3 solid solutions near the morphotropic phase boundary are studied using two variants of the temperature behaviour of the unit-cell parameters determined experimentally for x = 0.32. Conditions for a complete stress relief at elastic matching of two polydomain ferroelectric phases are analysed in a wide temperature range. The domain state – interface diagrams are proposed to interpret different heterophase states (e.g. tetragonal – monoclinic M B or tetragonal – monoclinic M C ) as well as the role of several domain types in forming a planar unstrained interface that separates the phases, and possible scenarios of the stress relief.


Bayesian inference for exponential family random graph models (ERGMs) is a doubly-intractable problem because of the intractability of both the likelihood and posterior normalizing factor. Auxiliary variable based Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods for this problem are asymptotically exact but computationally demanding, and are difficult to extend to modified ERGM families. In this work, we propose a kernel-based approximate Bayesian computation algorithm for fitting ERGMs. By employing an adaptive importance sampling technique, we greatly improve the efficiency of the sampling step. Though approximate, our easily parallelizable approach is yields comparable accuracy to state-of-the-art methods with substantial improvements in compute time on multi-core hardware. Our approach also flexibly accommodates both algorithmic enhancements (including improved learning algorithms for estimating conditional expectations) and extensions to non-standard cases such as inference from non-sufficient statistics. We demonstrate the performance of this approach on two well-known network data sets, comparing its accuracy and efficiency with results obtained using the approximate exchange algorithm. Our tests show a wallclock time advantage of up to 50% with five cores, and the ability to fit models in 1/5th the time at 30 cores; further speed enhancements are possible when more cores are available.


One final note: Can we infer from these data that India might be approaching herd immunity, and doing so before vaccines are widely available? The many East Asian economies that have succeeded (for example, Vietnam, Taiwan, Cambodia, Laos, China etc.) did so by controlling infections at an early stage, that is, infections were never large enough to warrant a relationship with herd immunity. Ditto the case with regions in subSaharan Africa. Only India stands out with a flattening curve among those that had earlier experienced an explosion of infections. Access denied


Abstract Water extracts of Cheddar cheese at different ages up to 180 days were fractionated on Sephadex G-50 with pyridineacetic acid buffer pH 5.1. Six and nine fractions were obtained from fresh and ripened cheese, respectively, some of which stimulated growth. A fraction containing riboflavin was stimulatory to Lactobacillus casei variety casei . The stimulatory fractions contained N-acetyl-hexosamine and 23 to 27.8% glutamic acid of the constituents amino acids. Most of the alpha s -casein disappeared from the cheese at 35 days while beta-casein remained. Para-kappa-casein was not proteolyzed at 170 days of cheese ripening. The significance of alpha-casein proteolysis in Cheddar cheese is discussed.


A controversial subject raised at the Third Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections was the relationship between a pregnant woman's viral load and transmission of the virus to her baby. Data presented from one study showed that no mother with a viral load under 25,000 copies/ml transmitted HIV to the infant. A viral load of over 50,000 during delivery was the best predictor of transmission. Other studies detected a weak correlation between viral load and transmission. In mothers receiving AZT during pregnancy, HIV transmission occurred at all detectable viral load levels. Intrapartum versus in utero transmission issues are also addressed.


We analyze a theoretical example of parallel electric and magnetic fields in a hypothetical anisotropic medium with varying susceptibility. We deduce the polarization characteristics and we discuss the conditions under which this could be utilized in electromagnetic invisibility.


New isonicotinohydrazone compounds, N' -(3-bromobenzylidene)isonicotinohydrazide ( 1 ) and N' -(2,3-difluorobenzylidene)isonicotinohydrazide ( 2 ), were prepared and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV and 1 H NMR spectra, and single crystal X-ray determination. Compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P 2 1 / n with unit cell dimensions a = 7.600(2) A, b = 11.365(2) A, c = 14.412(2) A, β = 101.748(2)o, V = 1218.7(4) A 3 , Z = 4, R 1 = 0.0335, and wR 2 = 0.0745. Compound 2 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P -1 with unit cell dimensions a = 7.6241(6) A, b = 11.3937(9) A, c = 14.335(1) A, α = 79.664(1)o, β = 75.990(1)o, γ = 71.159(1)o, V = 1136.5(2) A 3 , Z = 4, R 1 = 0.0345, and wR 2 = 0.0940. Structures of both compounds are stabilized by hydrogen bonds and π···π interactions. KEY WORDS : Isonicotinohydrazone, Crystal structure, Hydrogen bonds, X-ray diffraction Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2018 , 32(1), 125-132 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v32i1.11


Serum selenium (Se) levels and blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in pregnant ewes, to which sodium selenite (as E-Se contained tocopherol) or seleno-L-methionine was injected intramuscularly with Se of 0.1 mg/kg body weight at 2-week intervals one month prior to parturition, were examined. Serum Se levels increased markedly after administration of Se, and blood GSH-Px activities, showing significantly higher levels in ewes injected with selenomethionine, increased gradually after 2 weeks. Serum Se levels and blood GSH-Px activities in the lambs born to these ewes were high, especially in lambs administered with selenomethionine. Nonetheless red blood cell and serum tocopherol levels in ewes and newborn lambs showed no difference in each group. Se concentrations in the milk of ewes injected with Se were high especially in the ewes with selenomethionine. It was concluded that selenomethionine was more utilizable in GSH-Px and passable through the placenta than sodium selenite.


Adat chiefs in Aceh – locally termed as uleebalang – served as one of the three most compelling socio-political forces besides the sultan and ulamas. As regional rulers in the Aceh Kingdom, they were appointed as leaders through the approval of the Sultan of Aceh. The uleebalangs would possess leadership with the reinforcement of a Sarakata letter affixed with a "Cap Sikureueng" (Kingdom of Aceh's Seal). Not only did uleebalangs serve as the ruler in terms of Executive administration, but also controlled almost all life sectors of the Acehnese people like trade, court, agriculture and plantation, which the Sultan hardly ever touched. With this legitimate power, the uleebalangs were rightful to issue commercial policies in their regional territories. In exercising their power, they often acted recklessly towards their subjects. The objective of this study was to identify whether the commercial policy imposed by the uleebalangs was one of the factors contributing to the happening of the Cumbok war in 1945. This study mainly focused on uleebalangs who ruled in the Pidie area by studying secondary data available online and offline. The findings of this study confirmed that it was evident that the uleebalangs' malfeasance in controlling commerce, among other things, did contribute to the tension arising between ulamas and uleebalangs, which eventually broke out as the Cumbok war.


INDUSTRIAL ALCOHOL CONCESSIONS The Mysore Government for some months past has been considering the question of supplying alcohol free of duty to the factories in the state to encourage the local industries, and has recently issued a press notice on it. The report outlines the following conditions for the exemption of industrial concerns in the state from payment of duty on alcohol supplied for the manufacture of commercial products: (1) The industry requiring alcohol should be sufficiently important to deserve the concession. (2) Alcohol should be used only as a vehicle in the process of manufacture, and the products manufactured should not contain alcohol as an integral part thereof in their finished state. (3) Samples of such products should be furnished whenever required for chemical analysis. (4) The concern will be required to maintain an excise establishment lent by the government for watch and ward, and defray its cost, including contribution towards pension and leave ...


The author focuses on the state mechanism of price adjustment of the products of animal husbandry and points out the main directions of its improvement.


The biochemical basis of psychology and memory remain obscure. Psycho- and linguistic- analysis provide few clues regarding the processes that occur in our heads. Here, I try to give an autobiographical account of the development of a scientific idea of how a mental process such as memory, can be encoded in the brain. My story began (~1980) with an account of how I started as a research biochemist working in blood coagulation, then became inspired by remarks in a book on linguistics (Noam Chomsky), to quote: • "Since the subject is a physical organism, the system attributed to it must have finite representations." • "Symbol systems that fit different molds also have different neural representations…different physical representations." • "An empirical argument must be brought to bear." I formulated the concept of a "cation array" as the basis for the biochemical coding of information processing in the brain, as required for memory. The core idea was that the neuron employs various elemental cations (Zn+2, Cu+2, Mn+2, etc) to encode experience into the surrounding neural extracellular matrix (nECM). The nECM serves as an chemo- lectric lattice, wherein neurons manipulate multiple trace metals (n>10) to encode, store and recall cognitive information. Energy requirements are low, rates are high, and encoding capacity is enormous. I submitted manuscripts to various journals but was rejected by all. Discouraged, I put aside this work for more than 30 years. In the interim, I continued to experimentally examine the effects of elemental cations on blood coagulation with fair success in terms of publishing the unique modulating effects of physiologic levels of Zn+2, Cu+2 on blood coagulation. After > 30 years of lying fallow, the concept of a "cation array" became revitalised by a collaboration with a fellow biochemist (Chaim Gilon, Hebrew University). Because of weekly meetings (which were videotaped), we developed of a tripartite mechanism for memory which addressed many of the points raised by Chomsky. We articulated and chemographically described a tripartite mechanism for memory, whereby a chemically based code for cognitive information permits the achievement of an emotive state instigated by metals and neurotransmitters (NTs) released by neurons/glial cells. Thus, we link biochemical processes available to neural nets to the achievement of psychic states, including memory, emotions and consciousness. The evolution of this idea continues and we invite others to join our efforts to dis-entangle psychology with physiological biochemistry.


This work proposes the univariate and multivariate generalisations of the following distributions: the Birnbaum-Saunders, the three parameter Birnbaum-Saunders and the sinh-normal of spherical type. Similarly, when the stochastic representation of a spherical random vector is assumed, we propose alternative definitions for the above-mentioned distributions including the log-elliptical distribution. We emphasize that all the distributions here derived belong to the family of the spherical distributions. Mathematics Subject Classification: 62E15, 62N05


Consumer Behaviour is a complicated procedure. It relies upon a lot of elements that may incorporate the socio-political situation, monetary condition, and psychological profile of the purchaser. It, to a great extent, relies upon the buying intensity of the clients also. Presently from the earliest starting point of 2020, COVID-19 has affected all the business sectors all around on a scale which nobody could have anticipated, and in this way, the state of the economy has changed to such an extent that even financial experts do not have the option to accurately foresee the effect of this pandemic in the market situation. In this circumstance, the primary target of this study paper is to propose a few different ways the retail advertisers can take up after because of the impact of this frightening circumstance. To effectively anticipate and outline the connection between the customer conduct in Retail advertise, this paper has taken a generally littler market size and focused on just retail parts of Bihar state. The document has an accurate overview result, and it's an investigation that has been directed among different age gathering and individuals with the diverse socio-prudent foundation. In light of the study, the paper has spoken to an alert module that shows how the shopper conduct may move in post-COVID-19 and how it will affect the Retail advertise. As a feature of the paper, a proposed arrangement has been given, which shows a few measures to the retailers to follow to support the significant move and critical difference in customer conduct.


In this article, we first examine the pertinent differences between electric vehicles (EVs) and internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles and then address the question of how the rapid growth of EVs might impact the prevailing geography of automotive production in North America—which comprises Canada, Mexico, and the United States.1 We suggest that the geography of battery electric vehicle (BEV) production is influenced by factors such as agglomeration economics and economies of scale that also underlie the location of ICE vehicle production.


August 20, 2021 Type Package Title MCMC Procedures for Estimating Enzyme Kinetics Constants Version 1.1.2 Author Hyukpyo Hong, Boseung Choi, Jae Kyoung Kim Maintainer Hyukpyo Hong <email@example.com> Description Functions for estimating catalytic constant and Michaelis-Menten constant for enzyme kinetics model using Metropolis-Hasting algorithm within Gibbs sampler based on the Bayesian framework. License GPL-3 Encoding UTF-8 LazyData true RoxygenNote 7.1.1 Imports numDeriv Depends R (>= 3.5.0) Suggests rmarkdown, knitr NeedsCompilation no Repository CRAN Date/Publication 2021-08-20 06:20:02 UTC


"Don't Say Gay" and "License to Bully"—they sound like chapter titles out of a nightmarish, secret right-wing playbook and maybe they are. Unfortunately, the playbook is very much in use in Tennessee. "Don't Say Gay" and "License to Bully" are the nicknames for two pieces of legislation that have been filed over the last few years in the Tennessee General Assembly. Neither bill has passed, but Tennesseans are likely to see variations of them over the coming years, which will doubtless result in our state making more appearances on The Colbert Report and in other national media outlets. It is an interesting time to examine these bills. In March , the "Don't Say Gay" bill failed in the Tennessee General Assembly's House Education Subcommittee when the House sponsor, State Representative John Ragan, failed to get a second when he moved an amendment to the bill. In other words, he stood before the subcommittee to introduce his bill with an amendment and no one—not even his Republican colleagues—would say the word "second," which is necessary for the bill to be discussed and voted on. So the bill died for the year. As it happens, March is also the month in which Jeff Chu's Does Jesus Really Love Me? A Gay Christian's Pilgrimage in Search of God in America was released, and it includes a chapter on his visit to Nashville. At the time of Chu's visit in May ,


In the process of the electric protection of three- Phase asynchronous motors, fuses usually are used to protect the short circuit and overload. Sometimes, there are some wrong phenomena of the meltdown of fuses. To solve this problem, immediate measures are necessarily made, or motors will generate winding to spoil the motor' work. This paper systematically analyses main reasons of the abnormal meltdown.


This paper presents an elegant frequency domain approach that can be used to analyze lateral vehicle dynamics for transient understeer and oversteer performance. Commonly used steady-state understeer analysis techniques are not able to expose some effects, such as tire relaxation, in on-center transient maneuvers. The approach presented here addresses such transient issues using a simple two degree of freedom handling model coupled to a model for tire lateral dynamics. In addition to the usual yaw rate and lateral acceleration transfer functions, this paper proposes using an understeer angle transfer function as an easy-to-interpret metric to evaluate transient on-center handling. Using the approach, it is shown that at low vehicle velocities, the inclusion of tire relaxation introduces dramatically different system dynamics by introducing highly undamped poles into the coupled system for both an understeering and an oversteering vehicle.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


his study examined the enforcement of education laws for effective Tadministration in public senior secondary schools in Rivers State. The descriptive survey design was adopted and the sample size of the study is 25 principals (10 males and 15 females) representing 10% of the total population in public senior secondary school principals in Rivers State. The simple random sampling technique was used to identify the subjects and the instrument was a questionnaire item titled "Enforcement of Education Law of Effective Administration Questionnaire" (EELEAQ) and was validated by experts while the reliability index of 0.84 was determined using Pearson's Product Moment of Correlation Coefficient (r). The four (4) Research Questions were analysed using Mean Score ( ), Standard Deviation (SD) and Rank Order while the null hypotheses was tested with t-test statistical tool at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that numerous challenges like inadequate funding, unconducive regulatory framework environment and unprofessional skill personnel that will enforce the educational law for effective administration in public senior secondary schools in Rivers State are lacking. Based on the data analysis and findings, it was concluded that adequate attention was not been given to the enforcement of education law for effective administration in public senior secondary schools in Rivers State. The following recommendations were made based on the data analysis, findings and conclusion from the study. (i) Rivers State Ministry of Education should employ professional/ qualified staff that will help in the enforcement of educational law for effective administration of public senior secondary schools in Rivers State. (ii) Specific amount of fund should be allocated from the budget for the enforcement of educational law for effective administration in public senior secondary schools in Rivers State. (iii) The Rivers State Ministry of Education should conduct development programmes to all the stakeholders in the affairs on enforcement of educational laws for effective administration of public senior secondary schools in Rivers State.


Real convergence in per capita output and growth in Eurozone: a time-series approach The real convergence hypothesis has spurred a myriad of empirical tests and approaches in the economic literature. This Work Project intends to test for real output and growth convergence in all N(N-1)/2 possible pairs of output and output growth gaps of 14 Eurozone countries. This paper follows a time-series approach, as it tests for the presence of unit roots and persistence changes in the above mentioned pairs of output gaps, as well as for the existence of growth convergence with autoregressive models. Overall, significantly greater evidence has been found to support growth convergence rather than output convergence in our sample. JEL classification: C32, E01, E23, O4, O11


The complexities of determining thermal characteristics within the standard wafer electromigration accelerated test (SWEAT) structure during accelerated metal integrity or electromigration tests are discussed. A 3-D, nonlinear, coupled thermal-electric finite element model is developed and was solved with the ANSYS program to investigate heat flow in several regions of the structure. The finite element model is presented. Correlation with nonlinear thermal material parameters is demonstrated, and the importance of modeling lateral heat flow in underlying oxides is shown. Extraction of thermal parameters for use in the EXTRA thermal model is discussed.<<ETX>>


A key feature of service-oriented models of information technology is the promise of prespecified quality levels enforceable via service level agreements (SLAs). This poses difficult management problems when considerable variability exists in user preferences and service demand within any organization. Because variance in expectations impact service levels, effective pricing and resource allocation mechanisms are needed to deliver services at the promised quality level. In this paper, we propose a mechanism for SLA formulation that is responsive to demand fluctuations and user preference variance, with the objective of maximizing organizational welfare of the participants. This formulation features a dynamic priority based price-penalty scheme targeted to individual users. An analytical model is presented and evaluated for effectiveness of a proposed dynamic priority-based pricing scheme vis-a-vis a baseline fixed-price single-quality level SLA. Simulations using data from an existing SLA is used to provide evidence that the proposed dynamic pricing scheme is likely to be more effective than a fixed-price approach from a system welfare perspective.


In the last years, substantial progress has been made in many areas of mathematical physics. The goal of this workshop was to bring together researchers working on analytic and probabilistic aspects of many-body quantum systems and quantum statistical mechanics, to discuss recent developments, exchange ideas and propose new challenges and research directions. Among the questions addressed during the workshop were the derivation of effective equations, the analysis of physically interesting nonlinear partial differential equations emerging from microscopic theories, the study of open quantum systems in and out of equilibrium, and the investigation of the ground state properties and of the dynamics of quantum spin systems. Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 82B10, 82C10, 81Q05, 81Q10, 35Q40, 35Q20, 35Q41, 35Q55, 35Q56. Introduction by the Organisers During the workshop there were 21 lectures, ranging in topic from the mathematical description of many-particle systems of fermions, bosons and anyons, quantum spin systems, topological phases of matter and the non-equilibrium statistical mechanics of open quantum systems. In addition, there were evening sessions on open problems in the field, which resulted in lively discussions. The first was given on Monday evening by Bruno Nachtergaele, covering quantum spin systems, in particular the existence of spectral gaps, in general for dimensions greater than two and in certain one-dimensional models, e.g. the Haldane spin chain. The second was given by Jan Philip Solovej on Thursday, and concerned open problems in atomic physics, in particular the ionization conjecture and other conjectures concerning 2466 Oberwolfach Report 43/2016 the size of atoms with large nuclear charge and the connection to Thomas-Fermi theory. The workshop covered the following subjects, all of which have received a lot of attention in the mathematical physics community in the last years. 1. Derivation of effective theories One of the most important questions of statistical mechanics is the justification of effective theories, like Thomas-Fermi, Vlasov and BCS theories, starting from a microscopic description of many-body systems. In this line of research, Mathieu Lewin presented a new general approach to understand the ground state energy of fermionic systems in the mean-field limit, generalizing previous results restricted to very special cases, like systems with Coulomb interaction. Michael Sigal discussed the existence of vortices and vortex lattices in superconductors described by the Bogoliubov-de-Gennes equations. Nicolas Rougerie presented a derivation of effective many-body anyonic systems starting from a model of fermions, where the anyonic degrees of freedom effectively arise in a suitable parameter regime. Alissa Geisinger discussed the question of translational symmetry breaking in the BCS model. 2. Analysis of quantum many-body systems The focus here is on the analysis of physically interesting properties of many-body systems, described either on the microscopic level, or through approximate theories. For example, Heinz Siedentop presented a derivation of the Scott correction for large atoms for a pseudo-relativistic model of atoms. Ian Jauslin explained a renormalization-group construction of bilayer graphene. Jakob Yngvason discussed his recent work on the incompressibility of Laughlin-type wave functions. Anyons were also the topic of Douglas Lundholm's lecture, in particular LiebThirring inequalities and their dependence on the statistics parameter. Phan Thanh Nam discussed results on the ionization conjecture for various effective theories of atoms, including the Thomas-Fermi-Dirac-von-Weizsäcker theory and the Müller density matrix functional. Stefan Teufel presented an alternative view on particular annihilation, described via boundary conditions on Fock space. 3. Mathematical analysis of nonlinear partial differential equations Nonlinear partial differential equations arising in the description of many-body quantum systems are the source of several challenging mathematical problems. In the workshop, we had three talks addressing such questions. Enno Lenzmann discussed the existence of solutions of the half-wave-map, an analogue of the wave map with the Laplacian replaced by its square root. Julien Sabin explained the extension of Strichartz inequalities to systems of orthonormal functions. Rupert Frank analyzed the phase transition occurring in a certain model of flocking. Many-Body Quantum Systems and Effective Theories 2467 4. Open quantum systems New phenomena emerge when quantum systems are coupled to large reservoirs, allowing energy and particles to flow. In this setting, Gian Michele Graf discussed the adiabatic crossing of infinitely degenerate energy levels and applications to open quantum systems. Marco Merkli presented applications of the spin-boson model in quantum biology. Wojtech De Roeck explained the effects of periodic driving on quantum systems, and Annalisa Panati discussed energy fluctuations and the full counting statistics. 5. Quantum spin systems Quantum Spins systems provide toy models in statistical mechanics, which are analytically easier to handle than full many-body theories but, at the same time, capture many of the essential features, like phase transitions, long-range order, correlations and entanglement. They were the subject of two talks in the workshop. Daniel Ueltschi presented new correlations inequalities for the quantum XY model. Yoshiko Ogata explained her work on the classification of frustration free onedimensional Hamiltonian and corresponding quantum phases. 6. Other Finally, two talks addressed topics which do not fit precisely in the previous sections but, nevertheless, were related to many-body quantum systems. Felix Finster gave an overview of his work on the causal action principle, in an attempt to try to connect his theory to more traditional approaches. Jonas Lampart discussed the applicability of density functional theory in the time-dependent setting. Acknowledgement: The MFO and the workshop organizers would like to thank the National Science Foundation for supporting the participation of junior researchers in the workshop by the grant DMS-1049268, "US Junior Oberwolfach Fellows". Many-Body Quantum Systems and Effective Theories 2469 Workshop: Many-Body Quantum Systems and Effective Theories


This paper introduces the research of propeller's pitch correction by parameterized method based on AutoCAD VBA,it mainly includes the way of correction on the difference of hub diameter ratio and blade thickness ratio,menu,toolbar,automatic loading of macros as well.In additional,the paper lists some relative codes as an example with VBA technology.


To investigate the advantages of the modified intrafascial hysterectomy. 165 patients with benign uterine diseases were randomly divided into two groups:85 in the study group who received the modified intrafascial hysterectomy, including stripping cervical fasciae with proper phase and sequence, and then cervix construction. 80 in the control group who received the traditional abdominal hysterectomy. The difference was significant between two groups. Less operative duration, blood loss, postoperative hematuria,postoperative morbidity,vaginal bleeding,and vaginal stump polypus were observed in the study group. The modified intrafascial hysterectomy has more advantages than the traditional abdominal hysterectomy.


A library of novel benzylic 1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxamides (3a-m) were obtained with acceptable yields via a one-pot procedure. The series of compounds was screened for fungicidal activity and evaluated in vitro against four filamentous fungi and four Candida species. The former consisted of Aspergillus fumigatus, Trichosporon cutaneum, Rhizopus oryzae and Mucor hiemalis, and the latter C. krusei, C. albicans, C. utilis and C. glabrata. According to the in vitro assays, 3d and 3e were the most efficient fungicidal agents (of all the test compounds) against R. oryzae, even better than the reference drug (itraconazole). Thus, 3d and 3e represent important scaffolds that can be modified to increase antifungal activity. Additionally, they are candidates for complementary studies on the inhibition of clinical infections produced by Rhizopus spp. strains.


Electrostatic interaction of two spherical microparticles in a plasma is studied. An investigation of the interaction between a point‐like charge and a conducting spherical body in a plasma shows that plasma screening results in decrease a potential barrier as the point‐like charge approaches the likely charged microparticle, the decrease being more pronounced in case that the microparticle radius is comparable with the Debye screening length. The interaction of two conducting spherical microparticles is considered in the bipolar or bispherical coordinate system for cases of constant charges and constant surface potentials of the microparticles. The latter case firstly considered by us is more suitable to the physics of the electrostatic interaction of microparticles in a plasma where their electrostatic surface potentials are defined by the floating potential of the plasma. The interaction potentials are shown to highly differ in these cases, the electrostatic energy being the interaction potential only in the case of the constant charges independent on the interparticle distance. In the case of the constant surface potentials a work of external sources to sustain surface potentials should be taken into account. By integration of the interaction force calculated using the Maxwell stress tensor, the interaction potential is also defined for the latter case. Approximated analytical expressions for the interaction potential, which are more accurate than the available in the literature, are obtained for both the constant charges and the constant surface potentials (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


To develop a new SPF process using tailored blank technique, a series of forming experiments were carried out on high strength aluminum alloy 7475 SPF grade sheets. Some rectangular blank sheets, with a butt weld line at each longitudinal center, were prepared using friction stir welding (FSW) under several conditions. The blank sheets were experimentally formed into a slender pan with rectangular section, for intended reduction of thickness in half approximately, provided the forming was successful. Some blank sheets were formed successfully with decreased thickness on the joined line along with the reduction on the base metal. Breakage in base metal was seen on tensile test pieces, including joined line after the forming. And it was found that a drastic change of grain size caused by superplastic forming, from 1000 μm to 5 μm, happened in some conditions of FSW. As a result, the relationship between the superplastic formability of the joined line and the conditions of FSW was analyzed, and the possibility in the practical application of the new process was verified for 7475 aluminum alloy.


Abstract: Cardiac action potential simulations were done with the stoichiometry of the Na/Ca exchanger set a 4: 1. Using the Hilgemann‐Noble (1987) model, this stoichiometry reduces the resting potential unless regulation by intracellular calcium is incorporated. The Kd required for such regulation is consistent with current experimental estimates of this parameter.


Guided by archaeological research, traditional scholarly models for the Israelite settlement of Canaan, namely processes of infiltration, invasion and revolution have been gradually losing ground to models of peaceful settlement. Part 2 of this BTB Review of Current Scholarship reviews the more recent trend which emphasizes the evolutionary nature of cultural and religious development.


The invention relates to a multi-functional liquid-injection cervical vertebra traction device. The device comprises a liquid chamber, an outer wrapping bag, a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid outlet pipe and a liquid inlet measuring cup, the liquid chamber comprises an upper layer chamber body, an intermediate layer chamber body and a lower layer chamber body, the upper layer chamber body, the intermediate layer chamber body and the lower layer chamber body are communicated through liquid communication holes formed in the rear ends of the three chamber bodies, the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the upper side of the upper layer chamber body, the other end of the liquid inlet pipe can be connected to a liquid outlet end at the lower end of the liquid inlet measuring cup in a clamped mode, a liquid inlet valve is arranged at the liquid outlet end, the liquid inlet pipe is provided with a liquid stopping clamp for clamping and closing the liquid inlet pipe, the liquid outlet pipe is connected to the lower side of the lower layer chamber body, the liquid outlet pipe is provided with a close cover, the outer wrapping bag is connected to the outer side of the liquid chamber through fastening buckles, openings are formed in the two ends of the outer wrapping bag, and opening closing belts are arranged at the openings. According to the multi-functional liquid-injection cervical vertebra traction device, liquid is used as a medium for supporting the cervical vertebra traction device, more safety and reliability are achieved, the outer wrapping bag capable of being filled with different types of traditional Chinese medicine is arranged, topical application treatment through the traditional Chinese medicine can be conducted at the same time, and the universality is good.


Valacyclovir1 is likely to become the first-line treatment for secondary prevention of congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection following maternal primary infection in early pregnancy2. Shahar-Nissan et al. demonstrated a two-thirds reduction in the rate of congenital CMV infection in women treated with oral valacyclovir of 8 g per day taken in two doses of 4 g, as compared with placebo. The authors did not report any cases of renal toxicity in the 45 pregnant women treated with this regimen for up to 10 weeks2. Over a period of 16 months, we offered valacyclovir for secondary prevention of congenital CMV infection to 81 women with primary CMV infection prior to 14 weeks' gestation, using two different dose regimens. The daily dose of valacyclovir of 8 g was prescribed in a regimen of four doses of 2 g in the first 42 women (September 2019 to July 2020) prior to the publication of the study of Shahar-Nissan et al., and in a regimen of two doses of 4 g in the next 39 women (August 2020 to March 2021). Assessment of serial serum creatinine levels was performed weekly, starting prior to initiating treatment. Acute renal failure developed in one woman with normal baseline renal function and no other risk factors after 4 days of treatment using the two-dose regimen and in none of those who were on the four-dose regimen (Table 1). Valacyclovir was also used for tertiary prevention of CMV-related sequelae in 141 pregnancies with an infected fetus, in a regimen of 8 g per day taken in four doses of 2 g3 in 130 women (January 2019 to July 2020), which was changed to a two-dose regimen in the last 11 cases (July 2020 to March 2021). Acute renal insufficiency developed in one woman without risk factors after 2 weeks of treatment using the two-dose regimen and in none of those who were on the four-dose regimen (Table 1). Overall, renal toxicity developed in 2/50 (4%) women who were on the two-dose regimen of valacyclovir but in none of the 172 women who were on the four-dose regimen (P = 0.009). In both cases in which renal toxicity developed, diuresis resolved and serum creatinine levels normalized within 1 week following discontinuation of treatment with valacyclovir, intravenous hydration and treatment with diuretics. Less than 1% of valacyclovir is excreted unchanged in the urine, while more than 85% is excreted as acyclovir through both glomerular filtration and active tubular secretion4. The pathogenesis of valacyclovir-related acute renal failure mainly involves acyclovir accumulation and precipitation of crystals in renal proximal tubule cells, causing local toxicity through obstructive nephropathy and/or acute interstitial nephritis5. We suggest that this classic, although rare, tubular lithogenic effect of valacyclovir is related directly to the large amount of acyclovir to be secreted by the proximal tubules following each of the two 4-g doses when using a two-dose regimen, compared with the lower amount following each of the four 2-g doses when using a four-dose regimen. We therefore suggest that high-dosage oral valacyclovir given to pregnant women for either secondary or tertiary prevention of congenital CMV infection should utilize a daily regimen of four doses of 2 g, with appropriate hydration and close monitoring of serum creatinine levels throughout the duration of treatment.


The academic profession is as heavily internally divided as never before. In this cross-national comparative study, a sample of European academic scientists (N=8,466) from universities in 11 countries is used to analyze three stratification types in higher education. They are termed 'academic performance stratification', 'academic salary stratification', and 'international research stratification'. This emergent stratification of the global scientific community is predominantly research-based, and internationalization in research is at its center. This study views research as purely prestige-driven, internationally competitive, at the heart of academic recognition systems – and as the single most stratifying factor at the level of individual scientists in the higher education enterprise today. The stratification processes are pulling different segments of the academic profession in different directions; specifically, the study analyzes highly productive academics ("research top performers"), highly paid academics ("academic top earners"), and highly internationalized academics ("internationalists" in research). Implications at the micro-level of individual scientists, meaning what to do and what not to do and why, are explored.


With the ease of incorporating a linear feedback shift register (LFSR) within a chip for generating pseudo-random sequence of binary vectors, random pattern testing is popular as a built-in self test (BIST) scheme for combinational circuits for stuck at faults. A combinational circuit is said to be random pattern testable if a certain fault coverage can be achieved with certain confidence when a randomly chosen input pattern sequence of length equal to or less than a fixed number (dictated by practical constraints) is applied to the inputs. In order to determine if a design is random pattern testable it is necessary to examine the fault detection probability of each fault. The exact determination of fault detection probabilities of the modeled stuck at faults in a combinational circuit is an NP complete problem. In this paper, an algorithm for computing bounds for the fault detection probabilities in linear time and which requires almost no memory is introduced.<<ETX>>


Resorting to the notions of iterated path integrals and generalized connections which appear in K.T. Chen's theory, it is shown how the current algebra arising in the framework of the Rasetti and Regge theory of quantum vortices—that is known to coincide with the hamiltonian algebra pertaining to a certain coadjoint orbit of the group of measure-preserving diffeomorphisms of the fluid ambient space—allows the complete reconstruction of the topology of the link supporting the vorticity field. It is thus proved the conjecture that the set of topological invariants for such link, which are represented by the central elements of the subgroups of the lower central series for its fundamental group, are among the Casimir operators of the current algebra, i.e. the constants of motion of the vortex system.


The controversy over the potential depletion of stratospheric ozone by chlorofluorocarbons has flared up again, following new balloon measurements confirming the presence of chlorofluorocarbons in the stratosphere at heights above 19 km (12 miles). The measurements, conducted by the National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration, are in "close agreement" with theoretical predictions by scientists. This finding has triggered another petition by the National Resources Defense Council, this time to the Food & Drug Administration, to ban all food, drug, or cosmetic aerosol products using chlorofluorocarbons as propellants. The petition is cosigned by the states of New York, Michigan, and Oregon. Meanwhile, the National Academy of Sciences has issued an interim report identifying areas where more research is needed to resolve the chlorofluorocarbon/ ozone issue. NOAA's balloon experiments were described at hearings before the House Subcommittee on Environment & Atmosphere, chaired by Rep. George F. Brown Jr. (D...


Aim. The aim of the research is to describe the model for lesson planning on peace education in teacher training. The used resources are aimed at filling the shortcomings in peace education and improve the value of the materials available to teachers. In preparing the lesson, a teacher, will either use the models available to him/her or develop his/her own models in time.
Concept and Methods. This study was conducted by qualitative research. The document research technique was used in the study (Yıldırım & Şimşek, 2008, pp. 187-193). For the last three years, I have been working on the model related specifically to peace education as part of the project of the Turkish research institute called TÜBİTAK.
Result and Conclusion. This model was presented during the academic year 2017/2018 at several conferences in Turkish, German and English. In this article, the topic of "Tolerance Towards Different Cultures" was chosen to define the practical part of the lesson preparation because this topic is of particular interest to many countries, due to migration. The refugees experience certain problems in the areas of language, culture, employment, social acceptance and prejudice. In order to minimize these problems, various measures are taken in the field of education.
Originality. The participants showed great interest in the designing of the daily lesson planning and the implementation of this design in the teaching of peace in the training of the teachers. The studies in this field should be supported in order to increase peace education.

Keywords: Migration, cultural diversity, tolerance, peace education, lesson planning


The aim of antimonopoly law is an argumentative issue in the area of economic law.This disagreement in theory leads to the diversity of the courts' judging standards in the antitrust cases,hence the different decisions.There are also different opinions on Article One of China's Antimonopoly Law which has passed August 30,2007.The Key point is that whether the goal of antimonopoly law is competitive mechanism or other benefits and values and the relationship between them in Article One.After China's Antimonopoly Law has passed,it is desirable for us to study the issue.


[Objective] The paper aimed at studying the supporting technology of Castanea mollissima Blume molecular marker-assisted selection to decrease the cost and reduce time for chestnut nursing. [Method] To find the best cutting method, 10 kinds of treatments were designed according to transverse diameter and vertical diameter of the chestnut including different cutting ratios in 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 and different directions about cross cutting, vertical cutting, bevel cutting and two side-cutting. The germination rate, seedling survival rate and morphological indicators of the treatments were measured; significant difference among them was also analyzed. [Result] 1/3 bevel cutting was the best, which not only could give high germination rate and survival rate, but also could guarantee high quality of nursery stock, which did not grow so differently with the untreated seedlings. [Conclusion] This way can not only decrease much cost and time for seedling breeding, but also promote the germination of chestnut in advance, which could do much good to the production.


Exchange rates commonly exhibit periods of stability punctuated by infrequent, substantial adjustments. Statistically, this generates empirical distributions of exchange rate changes that have high peaks, long tails, and, sometimes, are asymmetric. Existing time-series estimation methods do not account for these characteristics satisfactorily. This paper introduces a more general GARCH model, based on the exponential generalized beta (EGB) family of distributions, which can accommodate most nonnormal characteristics of data, including leptokurtosis, skewness, and high peakedness, and yet remains tractable for estimation. Applied to daily U.S. dollar exchange rate data for six major currencies, the GARCH-EGB2 model uniformly outperforms conventional time-series models of exchange rate volatility. A MORE GENERAL APPROACH TO MODELING EXCHANGE RATE VOLATILITyl


Lu Xun and Natsumesousaki, the two literary masters from China and Japan respectively, have close relationship in literature. Two works of them are very much alike in form: Wild Weeds and Ten Night's Dream. The likeness is seen in the "dark" and "bright" aspects. By "dark" it means that the significance in these two works are not so direct and that the process from concrete to abstract is fulfilled by "I had a dream". By "bright" it means that parts from the works are described in a process from abstract to concrete. The authors do not hide their inner secret with the help of writing skills; instead, they express their ideas in the form of story-telling, which is often neglected by researchers.


Comments on several cues which signal a ° of maturity in executive development plans but nevertheless a maturity based upon some confidence resulting from more than a decade of precedent and experi...


As temperature control is widely used, developed automatic grain stocking system. Modern digital temperature control system is composed of temperature surveying cable, temperature surveying computer RS485 communication interface and industry computer. This kind of system has characters of practical, reliable, accurate and far transmission distance.


This article addresses efficient implementation of the method of images for acoustic multiple scattering models (MSM) with perfectly reflecting flat boundaries. Time-harmonic problems are first solved in the polar coordinate system for circular scatterers; then the models are extended to the cylindrical coordinate system with (semi-)infinitely long circular cylinders. The MSM in this article is based on the method of separation of variables and Graf's addition theorem. Derivations are provided for 'image conditions' which relate the unknown coefficients of outgoing waves from image scatterers with those of real counterparts. The method of images is applied to wedge-shaped domains with apex angles of
π/n rad for a positive integer n. Image conditions make the MSM numerically more efficient: the system of linear equations for unknown coefficients is formulated 2n times faster; its memory requirements are reduced by 4n2 times for direct solvers. The proposed model is applied to a benchmark wedge in ocean environment with n=64. Good agreement is observed between the MSM with image conditions and the boundary element method. Furthermore, half- and quarter-space measurements in an anechoic chamber are in accordance with the correct use of image conditions. Incorrect image conditions reported elsewhere for polar coordinates are also discussed.


Hybrid perovskites have attracted much attention as a promising photovoltaic material in the past few years. Typically, these hybrid perovskites such as methyl ammonium lead halides (MAPbX3) undergo dimensionality reduction from three-dimensional (3D) to zero-dimensional (0D), and finally to PbX2, upon continuous moisture exposure. Our current study shows that 0D-perovskite-related structures exhibit a reversible transformation from a transparent state to a colored 3D state upon exposure to humidity. Fluorescence imaging of individual microcrystals reveals that the structural phase transition could be visualized in the solid state, wherein the crystals transform into cubic crystals. The plausible reason for this transformation is proposed to be a dynamic dissolution and recrystallization of the excess methyl ammonium halide with varying humidity. The thermal and moisture stability are found to be greatly enhanced in the transformed 3D perovskite. Excellent device stability is also demonstrated when the de...


The term biodiversity itself was not coined until the 1980s, when it was popularised by the eminent Harvard biologist Wilson.1 The most tangible manifestations of biodiversity are the species of plants, animals and micro-organisms that surround us. Yet biodiversity means more than just species diversity. At the micro level it includes the genetic material that makes up the species, whilst at the macro level it covers natural communities, ecosystems and landscapes.2 Biodiversity essentially relates to the full array of life on Earth. In an apparently continuous progression, biodiversity emerged over the course of the geological eras, wending its way through both biological evolution and periods of mass extinction. Such diversification of the living world is made possible by the genetic adaptation of species to environmental changes, whether natural or man-made. Communities themselves evolve on the basis of fluctuations in their environment, according to complex historical processes that explain the present state of the biosphere. The first living beings appeared roughly 3.5 billion years ago in the oceans in the form of primitive bacteria which subsequently diversified EC Law and Biodiversity 168


Context. Galactic synchrotron emission, rotation measure (RM), and the deflection of ultra-high-energy-cosmic-rays (UHECR) permit detailed studies of the Galactic magnetized inter-stellar-medium (ISM). The synchrotron emission has also to be characterized properly to enable its distinction from other astrophysically interesting signals such as the CMB. Aims. We present a publicly available code called hammurabi for generating mock, polarized observations of Galactic synchrotron emission with telescopes such as LOFAR, SKA, Planck, and WMAP, based on model inputs for the Galactic magnetic field (GMF), the cosmic-ray density distribution, and the thermal electron density. We also present mock UHECR deflection measure (UDM) maps based on model inputs for the GMF. In future, when UHECR sources are identified, this will allow us to use UDM as a probe of GMF in a way similar to how polarized radio sources enable us to define rotation measures. Methods. To demonstrate the code's abilities, mock observations are compared with real data. This allows us to constrain the input parameters of our simulations with a focus on large-scale magnetic field properties. Results. Magnetized ISM models in the literature appear to be unable to reproduce any additional observational data not included in their design. Conclusions. As expected, attempts to model the synchrotron, UHECR-deflection, and RM input parameters indicate that any additional observational data set significantly increases the constraints on the models. The hammurabi code addresses this by allowing one to perform simulations of several different data sets simultaneously, providing a more reliable constraint of the magnetized ISM.


Rangeland is a natural ecosystem involving huge resources of genetic reservoirs and a variety of plant species and this biodiversity always ensures range's stability against bio-environmental factors. One of the destructive physical pressures posed on the range, which resulted in a decrease in biodiversity and destroys sensitive plant factors, is overgrazing. Range enclosure is one of the methods used to revive vegetation since an increase in the density of plants in enclosed areas enhances on-the- soil shield, and consequently its stabilization and permanency, and reduces soil wastes and sediment production. In order to study the effect of grazing on the rate of rangeland production, considering this point, tow distinct enclosures and grazed areas are selected (in Anablaghi rangeland, located in 50 km from west of Khotbe Sara village, Talesh city). The minimum sample frame area of 1 m 2 was achieved, using Spiral Plots method. Based on Dominant Species Collective Average method, 40 frames were specified in each unit, through Systematic - Random method, across 4 transects in 100 m 2 and were set up in 50m from each other. The percentage of composition, species diversity, forage production and palatability and their growing form were recorded. Statistical results show that the total annual production of species in the enclosure increased 2.5 times more than those of outside the enclosure and the production percentage of class I and III species markedly differed inside and outside the enclosure but this difference did not exist in class II. As to the species cover, abundance of class I and class II species was greater inside the enclosure and that of class III was greater outside the enclosure. In fact, the main portion of cover outside the enclosure is of class III species. Thus, respecting the significant enclosure effects in terms of increased production of rangeland species, in comparison with increased plant composition, it is proposed to use rangeland enclosure as an administrative tool in identical continents so that more areas of ranges can be devoted to this project. Consequently, increased forage production, encouraging range owners to use enclosure and leading them toward adopting open herding and semi- industrial ranching are among positive effects of such researches.


A field experiment was conducted in Urumqi and Changji to investigate the effect of nitrogen application timing on protein constitute and its dynamic change in wheat grain during 2002-2003. Split plot design was adapted in this (experiment.) Two cultivars, GC8901 and XD23, as main plots and N application timing, top-dressing at re-greening (RG), jointing(JT) and booting(BT) stage, respectively, as subplots. The results showed that under the condition of same N application rate, wheat yield in the treatment of RG was significant higher than that of JT and BT, which indicated that top-dressing N at jointing stage was of great advantage to get a higher grain yield. The albumin and globulin content of grain decreased and gliadin and glutenin increased due to the lag of N application timing. It was observed that the application of nitrogen fertilizer at booting stage could increase glutenin content markedly, which was favorable for the improvement of wheat processing quality. Whereas, we could conclude that the responses of wheat quality to nitrogen application timing was not in agreement with that of grain yield of wheat. The ratio of glutenin to gliadin was enhanced due to the lagging of N application, but the response of different cultivars on the lagging of N application varied with the change of plantingloci.


The invention relates to novel [(5,6,9a-substituted-3-oxo-1,2,9,9a-tetrahydro-3H-fluoren-7-yl)-oxy]al kanoic and cycloalkanoic acids and their analogs, esters, salts and derivatives. These compounds are synthesized by methods selected from a number of synthetic routes depending on the particular structure, choice of intermediate or preferred reaction sequence. The compounds are useful in the treatment and prevention of injury to the brain and spinal chord due to accidents, ischemic stroke and hydrocephalus; compositions for such uses are also disclosed.


This year-long qualitative study explored third-, fourth-, and fifth-grade gifted students' participation during inquiry explorations. We discovered that it took considerable time for students to balance the process and final product created. For instance, students focused on the process and planning of the outcome. However, when the outcome product was created, they may have only considered one element early in the academic year. There was a delicate balance between engaging in inquiry and developing a product that met expectations.


Owen Griffiths decides he is in love with Natalie but the bitterness that follows proves to him that the ads are just part of a never-never land. Instead Owen has to come to terms with the compromises and complications that mark out real relationships between men and women.


Salicylate intercalated LDHs was prepared by anion-exchange method with Mg-Al-CO2-3-LDHs being the precursor,and glycol as the dispersion medium.The results showed that a composite which has the ability shielding and absorbing ultraviolet was obtained through intrducing salicylate acid radical to LDHs substituting CO2-3.


Guessing entropy is a common metric in side-channel analysis, and it represents the average key rank position of the correct key among all possible key guesses. By evaluating it, we estimate the effort needed to break the implementation. As such, the guessing entropy behavior should be stable to avoid misleading conclusions about the attack performance. In this work, we investigate this problem of misleading conclusions from the guessing entropy behavior, and we define two new notions: simple and generalized guessing entropy. We demonstrate that the first one needs only a limited number of attack traces but can lead to wrong interpretations about the attack performance. The second notion requires a large (sometimes unavailable) number of attack traces, but it represents the optimal way of calculating guessing entropy. We propose a new metric (denoted the profiling model fitting metric) to estimate how reliable the guessing entropy estimation is. With it, we also obtain additional information about the generalization ability of the profiling model. We confirm our observations with extensive experimental analysis.


Confinement is a phenomenon that occurs when the attraction between two particles grows with their distance, most prominently found in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) between quarks. In condensed matter physics, similar phenomena appear in quantum spin chains, for example, in the one dimensional transverse field Ising model (TFIM) with an additional longitudinal field, famously observed via neutron scattering in the quantum material cobalt niobate or in optical lattice experiments. Confinement also drastically alters the non-equilibrium dynamics starting from selected initial states. Here, the physics of confinement in the TFIM is explored in relation to quantum simulation capabilities of state-of-the-art quantum computers. We report quantitative confinement signatures on an IBM quantum computer observed via two distinct velocities for information propagation from domain walls and their mesonic bound states. Our results are a crucial step for exploring non-perturbative interacting quantum phenomena beyond the capabilities of classical computers.


Doppler radars have potential for accurate structural displacement measurements by transmitting radio frequency (RF) waves that are phase-modulated by the motion of a vibrating target. Existing works have considered the use of active and passive tags to improve the measurement accuracy by either increasing the signal to noise ratio of the received signal or by doubling the frequency of the returned signal. However, structural displacement estimation using Doppler radars in scenarios with strong interferences has not been reported. In this paper, the feasibility of using Doppler radars assisted by active RF tags to estimate structural displacement when multiple moving objects are also illuminated by the same sensor is investigated. Leveraging an active tag, the signal associated with the structural vibration is upconverted to allow easy frequency discrimination for the signal of interest. By applying a digital filtering-based approach, interference rejection is achieved, and an accurate tag-referenced displacement can be retrieved.


Key Word: Influence, Advertisement Exposure Of SMS Premium Forecast Of Chance To Action Send SMS

Advertisement represent one of the culture factor important printing and reflecting life of us in this time. Advertisements of Konten containing is forecast of chance nowadays come up glass screen. Likely provider content exploit trust of society to things smelling klenik, ghaib or mystical which pertained high enough. Advertisements of SMS this premium have assuredly of version. Mean altogether use diviner figure or of paranormal which is its name have famous this country, for example Ki Joko Bodo, Mbah Roso, Mamma of Lauren, Temperature of Young. Society Indonesia in general it is true still trust mystical things. This matter proven from it mushroom of practices paranormal on various area, or devoting of sesajen to all ancestor, custom ceremony etcetera. Of phenomenon above, researcher interest to do research with the following problem formula is there any Influence and how big influence of advertisement exposure of SMS premium of forecast of chance to action send SMS?
Advertisement Exposure represent situation hit by mass by messages propagated by mass media. Of concept above got by conceptual definition of advertisement exposure is the happening of change of opinion, attitude, and behavior of citizen as manifests of comments to information given by mass media. Advertisement represents every payment form to an process of forwarding of and acquaintanceship of ideas, service and idea having the character of the non personal of certain sponsor responsibility. Action send SMS is deed of someone to participate in a activity deliver brief message (SMS) pass cellular telephone. Operational Definition in this research divided to become 2 variables that is exposure Advertisement of SMS Premium is Forecast of Chance (Variable X) and Action send SMS (Variable Y).
That research use quantitative type with calculation of statistic use method of associative Correlation, because in this case researcher try to check how far two variable owning relation where variable of independent influence variable dependent (Kriyantono, 2006:26). Population in research is citizen of RW 01 Countryside of Wonocoyo District of Flank of Trenggalek fulfilling criterion and got by 95 people. Pursuant to tally of sample by using formula of Taro Yamane, researcher get the amount of sample equal to 48,71 or rounded up to become 49 people of sample. Become the amount of sample in this research is 49 people. This research use statistical technique of Simple Analysis Linear Regression in course of its analyzing.
Pursuant to data analysis which have been conducted, hence researcher can conclude that there are influence between Advertisement exposure of SMS Premium of Forecast of Chance to action send SMS and Level of contribution Influence Of Exposure Advertisement of SMS Premium of[is Forecast of Chance (X) to action send SMS (Y) is equal to 44,2 %. And the rest equal to 65,8 % influenced by other factors which [do] not be discussed in this research.


High-dynamic bistatic forward-looking synthetic aperture radar(HBFL-SAR) is the application of bistatic forward-looking synthetic aperture radar to high dynamic radar platform, which is a new and special imaging mode. This paper establishes the geometry and the echo model under high dynamic conditions according to the moving feature of HBFL-SAR. And then a target location method based on the Newton iteration method is presented. The simulation results of ground point-targets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed location method. Furthermore, this method is applied to locating ship target on the sea, only part echo data is used at the price of reducing the azimuth resolution to improve the computational efficiency. The validity of the method is further indicated by the ship target simulation.


A bonding layer for resin and a laminate producing method using the same are provided to provide a wiring board of high reliability by increasing adhesion strength with interlayer insulation resin, solder resist, etching resist, conductive resin, conductive paste, conductive adhesive, dielectric resin, hole filling resin, and a flexible coverlay film in forming the bonding layer on the surface of a conductive layer. A bonding layer for resin is made of resin, copper or copper alloy for bonding a copper or copper alloy layer. The bonding layer for resin is a metal layer of the coralloid structure having plural copper or copper alloy particles, voids existing among the particles, and plural fine holes formed on the surface. The mean diameter of the fine hole is within a range of 10-200 nm. Two fine holes are formed per 1 mum^2 on the average.


Abstract : The focus of acquisition reform is to obtain better products for the Department of Defense (DoD) and motivate the actual contracting process of acquiring those produces for defense systems. The motivation comes from acquisition reform. The Alpha Contracting Process is one of several innovative contracting concepts of acquisition reform that bas been implemented by several commands. The purpose of this thesis will be to determine the effectiveness of the Alpha Contracting Process. Data gathered from field research interviews, case studies, and survey data are employed to support the effectiveness of Alpha Contracting. Advantages and disadvantages and potential inhibitors to Alpha Contracting are discussed, as well as mechanisms to overcome thee inhibitors. This thesis will provide a model of the traditional contracting process versus the alpha contracting process. The thesis concludes that alpha contracting can innovate the contracting process and provides recommendations for future research.


【Objectives】 To investigate the roles of serum oxidized low density lipoprotein(ox-LDL) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) and obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea associated hypertension(OSAHAHT).【Methods】 40 patients with OSAHS and 20 cases with OSAHAHT were included randomly in this study,and 20 health subjects were included as control group.Serum ox-LDL levels of the patients from the 3 groups were measured.The relationship between serum ox-LDL and SOD levels and the indices of polysomnography was analyzed.【Results】 The serum levels of ox-LDL are higher and the serum levels of SOD are lower in patients with OSAHS and OSAHAHT when compared with those in control group(P 0.01).The serum ox-LDL and SOD levels in patients with OSAHS and OSAHAHT are correlated significantly with the indexes of polysomnography which reflect the severity of obstructive sleep apnea(P 0.05).【Conclusions】 Serum ox-LDL and SOD levels in patients with OSAHS would change significantly,and they might correlated with the severity of the disease.In the patients with OSAHAHT,the oxidative stress process would be much significant.


•  Mechanosensitive (MS) channels in skeletal muscle are heteromeric proteins composed of TRPV4 and other subunits. Experiments investigated subconductance fluctuations associated with gating of independent subunits. •  MS channels open by passing through subconductance states and fluctuate between at least four subconductance levels. •  MS channels in mdx muscle spend ∼60% of the time at smaller subconductance levels; applying pressure to the membrane increases occupancy of the fully open state. Channels in wild‐type muscle spend more time at the open state. •  Recordings show partial opening of MS channels that fail to reach the open state. Partial openings occur ∼3–4 times more frequently in mdx than wild‐type muscle. •  During single activations, burst durations and charge/burst are greater in mdx than in wild‐type muscle. •  Partial opening and prolonged burst duration are distinct mechanisms contributing to excess Ca2+ entry through MS channels in dystrophic muscle


The problem you need to solve is to determine the identity of the individual components from your mixture. You will use several different techniques today and compare your experimental results to those of known standards. From this data you should be able to identify all of the components of your original mixture. Keep careful records of your observations and your interpretation of spectra so that you can succinctly describe them in your results and discussion.


The human thrombopoietin (THPO) gene displays a series of alternative splicing events that provide valuable models for studying splicing mechanisms. The THPO region spanning exon 1–4 presents both alternative splicing of exon 2 and partial intron 2 (IVS2) retention following the activation of a cryptic 3′ splice site 85 nt upstream of the authentic acceptor site. IVS2 is particularly rich in stretches of 3–5 guanosines (namely, G1–G10) and we have characterized the role of these elements in the processing of this intron. In vivo studies show that runs G7–G10 work in a combinatorial way to control the selection of the proper 3′ splice site. In particular, the G7 element behaves as the splicing hub of intron 2 and its interaction with hnRNP H1 is critical for the splicing process. Removal of hnRNP H1 by RNA interference promoted the usage of the cryptic 3′ splice site so providing functional evidence that this factor is involved in the selection of the authentic 3′ splice site of THPO IVS2.


This study was undertaken to discuss the frameworks of the gorgeous and magnificent royal procession ceremonies in the Yi Dynasty, thereby exploring the classification systems of 'three stages and five segments' on the basis of cultural anthropology and Korean traditional shamanism of ancestral sacrifices. The ceremonies were classified into three phases of (1) cleanup stage, (2) primary objective attendance stage, and (3) completing stage. Among these phases, p. :mary objective attendance stage was further distributed into five segments of (1) road guide, (2) dressing, (3) royal procession, (4) attendants' procession, and (5) back row procession. The isolates and functions of the royal procession ceremonies in the Yi Dynasty were studied through the application of Levi Strauss's structural methodology.


A diversity of lakes is found throughout Darwin Reserve in northwest Russia that ranges from acid-clear and acid-brown lakes (pH 400 Hazen units) with more neutral pH. The variation among lakes reflects watershed character and watershed interaction with atmospheric deposition. Acid lakes had the highest concentrations of sulfate (5-10 mg/l). Principal components analysis separated lakes based on degree of acidification, nitrogen level, water color, and sulfate concentration. For example, nitrogen levels were higher in neutral lakes than in acid lakes, and sulfate concentrations were negatively related to water color. In contrast, phosphorus levels were comparable among lakes suggesting low retention in watersheds. Mineralized iron was dominant in acid lakes and provided a sink for phosphorus, whereas iron was mostly complexed with organics in neutral lakes. Acid-clear lakes displayed little annual and seasonal fluctuation in water chemistry and that was primarily defined by precipitation; whereas neutral lakes showed much annual and seasonal variability in chemistry due to a greater watershed influence on atmospheric deposition. Results suggest that the influence of atmospheric deposition on lake water chemistry is directly related to the degree of coupling between a lake and its watershed.


It recommend one adopt TMS320C5402 timesharing realize international standard pronunciation compress DSP software and hardware of system of algorithm designed, researches and develop the course. Have introduced coding and decoding theory of G. 729.


Preface A Literary Detective Story One The Most Hated Man in England: The Gondomar Copy Two First Folio Hunters Three A Cuban Fraud: The Durham University Copy Four The Waiting Is the Hardest Part Five Unrecovered: The Manchester University Copy Six The Pope's Sticky Fingers Seven A Close Personal Relationship: The Pembroke Copies Eight Nationalism, Bullets, and a Recovered Treasure Nine The Bibliomaniac: The Sir Thomas Phillipps Copy Ten Looking into Shakespeare's Eyes Eleven Fell in the Weeping Brook: The Fiske Harris Copy Twelve Got to Get Ourselves Back to the Garden Thirteen The King's Companion: Royalist Copies, Puritan Copies Fourteen Obsessed Fifteen A Literary Thief, a Bootlegger, a Shoe Salesman, and Hitler: The Williams College Copy Sixteen Why Is The Whore of Babylon Well Thumbed? Seventeen Alienated: The Hereford Cathedral Copy Eighteen Creative Control Nineteen 'Purloined & Embezzled': The William Beeston Copy Twenty The World's Worst Stolen Treasure Appendix The Making of the Shakespeare First Folio Acknowledgments Notes Index


Objective: To study the clinical features of amniotic band syndrome.Methods: A case of amniotic band syndrome was studied with review of the literature.Results: The main features manifested in this case included acrania,exencephaly,median facial cleft,scoliosis,an abdominal wall defect without evisceration,and constrictive amniotic bands over fingers and toes.Conclusion: The features of amniotic band syndrome is multiple abnormalities,and different cases often vary each other.


The paper presents the final version of the generation of the taxonomy of output modalities for the representation of information in the media of graphics, acoustics and haptics. An earlier published version of the generation has been found to be flawed in several respects. The new generation remedies the flaws and results in a transparent formulation of one of the core constructs of Modality Theory.


This article discusses Honda's 'direct yaw control' (DYC) electronically controlled torque-transfer system, which is designed to make cars go round corners more safely. DYC was launched at an exhibition in 1991, and at first used only on four-wheel drive cars, where it attracted little attention. Honda's new two-wheel-drive version is due to appear in a production car fairly soon. DYC goes further than Bosch's Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC) system, which is really an automatic skid-correction system. DYC interferes with wheel rotation to assist steering and cornering, and delivers more power to the outside driving wheel in a corner. A gear on one drive shaft drives a smaller gear on a shaft parallel to the axle, and another pair of gears overdrives the other drive shaft. The DYC also has a control system, another shaft geared to overdrive the opposite drive shaft, and clutches to connect and disconnect the additional gears. Its drive-biasing mechanism is epicyclic. Its clutches are controlled by an electronic unit, equipped with sensors of vehicle road speed, steering wheel angle, and lateral acceleration. DYC's prospects are still uncertain, because its high weight and cost will probably restrict its application to expensive cars with high power-to-weight ratio, but it may already be used in some racing cars.


The present invention relates to a gas pumping and exchanging method and devices in a coal mine and coal seam, and belongs to the coal mine security field; the present invention aims to prolong the service life of the drill and improve the drilling depth and the drilling speed, and to enhance the safety during pumping gas and to improve the validation of the coal seam. The present invention is characterized in that the method is performed by following steps: starting a high-voltage water pump, adjusting a valve, drill pushing, hole drilling, adjusting the valve drill rotating, grooving, and shutting down the high-voltage water pump. The devices involved in the method mainly comprises the high-voltage water pump, a mixing chamber, abrasive cans, a high-voltage sealed rotator, a drill, drill pipes and a multifunctional drill; the method uses the multiphase oscillation jet to cut off and break the coal seam and also to drill holes and cut grooves; the power effect leads to the evolution of the coal seam fractured field, thereby improving the validation of the coal seam. And the cinder produced is wee and can flow away with water, thereby avoiding the drill holding and the hole bursting; the method can be used to pump and exchange gas in different quality coal mines and to improve the pumping and exchanging capability of the gas.


Objective To investigate the psychosocial factors in cancer patients with depression.Methods 81 cancer patients were surveyed with Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ),Defense Style Questionnaire(DSQ),Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS),Life Events Scale(LES),Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90).60 health persons as normal controls were surveyed with SCL-90,EPQ and DSQ.Results The score of HAMD was higher in cancer patients with more complication than that with less or no complication.There was significant difference in total score,somatization,obsessive-compulsive,anxiety,depression,other score of SCL-90 among groups of cancer patients with depression,caner patients without depression and normal controls,as well as the N factor of EPQ,negative life events and immature defense.Conclusion The severity of the complications,negative life events,personality,defense style may related with the occurring and persisting of the depression in cancer patients.


French missionary Dallet (1874) wrote in his book that Korean people and Chinese people are different. This means that Korean culture has another origin except Chinese culture. This time, the present author studied several Persian words into Korean words. The present author chose randomly several Persian words, and the author tried to find out similar meaning or same meaning between Persian language and Korean language. The author used a Dictionary of Persian/French and French/Persian in order to do the present translation (Bau, 2008).  0035 Dawr (circle) Dora (You, turn!) 0036 Arz ol balad (parallel) Araet-zul bala (You, paste the lower line!) 0037 Awaliyat (priority) Eo-ul-lyeo (It looks good for you!) 0038 Dahshat (fear, terror) Da sswa (You, shoot all of them!) 0039 Baman e Xoda (See you later!) Beom-an-e ssoda (Someone shot the arrow into the cave of tiger! Good luck!) 0040 Tarjoma (interpretation, translation) Ddaro juma (I will give you the thing at special time!) 0041 Aq'aq (magpie) Qa-aq Qa-aq (the voice of a noisy bird). As a result of this research, some Korean words have very close relation with Persian words.


Adaptation to changing conditions in the transmission medium is a particularly desired property in optically-routed networks due to their heterogeneous nature. Toward this goal, we propose in this paper rate-adaptive polarization multiplexed coded multilevel modulation schemes based on non-binary quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes and coherent detection. The proposed scheme can support data rates at 100 Gb/s and beyond while offering comparably better forward error correction performance with less computational complexity than bit-interleaved coded modulation schemes. The ability to adapt changing channel conditions is achieved by exploiting the inherent structure of quasi-cyclic LDPC codes.


Large eddy simulations and three-dimensional proper orthogonal decomposition were used to study the interaction between a large stationary and moving bluff body and a high Reynolds number stably-stratified turbulent boundary layer. An immersed boundary method is utilized to take into account the effect of the bluff body on the boundary layer flow and turbulent inflow conditions upstream of the bluff body are imposed by employing a concurrent precursor simulation method both because a pseudo-spectral method is utilized in the horizontal directions. The dominant POD mode type was observed to occur at higher energy levels in the more turbulent wakes. Varying the thermal stratification showed only a slight effect on the turbulent statistics, but a significant effect on the number of dominant POD modes at the highest energy levels.


Perception of group interaction were measured varying four levels of leader-supplied information and respondents' levels of dogematism. Qualitative and quantitative dimensions of leader-supplied information were varied in the study. Dogmatism was found to be a significant factor in the satisfaction respondents had with the group decision. The quality of leader-supplied information was found to have a greater impact upon the dependent measures in the study than the quantity of that information. Implications for leaders of small groups and future small group research are discussed.


Abstract Isoxaflutole (5-cyclopropylisoxazol-4-yl 2-mesyl-4-trifluromethylphenyl ketone) is a novel herbicide for broadleaf and grass weed control in corn and sugarcane which acts by inhibiting the enzyme 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD). In plants and soil, isoxaflutole is rapidly converted to a diketonitrile derivative (DKN) which is the active herbicide principle. The kinetics of inhibition of carrot HPPDin vitroby the DKN showed that it is a potent tight-binding inhibitor (IC50value 4.9 ± 0.2 nM) exhibiting a time-dependent interaction with the enzyme in its ferrous state. Additional investigations provided evidence that the DKN is a competitive inhibitor that rapidly inactivates the enzyme (with a constant rate of association of 0.2 ± 0.004 μM−1s−1) by forming a reversible complex that releases slowly the inhibitor in an unmodified form. The decarboxylation coupled with reduction of molecular oxygen is generally accepted as the first enzymatic event of the HPPD-catalyzed reaction which occurs as 4-hyroxyphenylpyruvate binds to the internal iron of proteinviaits ketoacid function. The DKN of isoxaflutole presents a β-(1,3)-diketone moiety, a delocalized π system which can mimic the ketoacid functionality of the substrate and which is also well known for its iron-chelating properties. Since this inhibitor competes with the substrate for binding, it is highly probable that it chelates the ferrous iron in the active site strongly by forming a stable ion-dipole charge transfer complex that resembles the initial substrate-iron complex or an early reaction intermediate. The slow release of the inhibitor in an unmodified form also suggests that the molecular oxygen activation due to ferrous iron generating a powerful oxidant as the inhibitor-enzyme complex forms is probably not occurring.


interest in the former International Contact Dermatitis Newsletter. Examinations were no great trial to one of his intellect—he achieved the M.R.A.C.P. and M.R.C.P.E. in 1950 and M.A.C.D. in 1966. He was subsequently elected to Fellowship in each of these colleges. Harry excelled in that hobby appropriate to his profession, namely photography. He could be seen at clinical meetings wielding his latest camera enthusiastically and would project excellent slides at subsequent meetings. He leaves a wonderful collection of photographs of people and nature subjects as well as clinical. Well-versed he was too in music, art and literature. He could well be described as the complete professional man. Harry Black was one of the modern school of dermatologists and saw the study of skins as a broad concept rather than narrow and he was active in helping it evolve from 'diseases of the skin' to 'disease as it affects the skin'—an important facet of general medicine. His keen and analjrtical mind attracted bright young doctors to the specialty and, incalculable though the loss to dermatology is, he has left it vastly enriched. We grieve deeply and will always remember him fondly. Our heartfelt sympathy goes out to his family who were far and away his greatest love over all, his wife Ruth and his sons Peter and Michael. M.J.PURDY This obituary will also appear in the Australasian Journal of Dermatology.


he clause-initial position in German declarative main clauses – the so-called preield – can be rather lexibly illed with almost any kind of constituent. In the irst part of this paper, we give an overview of recent experiments that we ran to investigate the factors governing whether the subject or the object of a transitive verb is put into the preield. he factors that we tested include the semantic roles assigned by the verb, the animacy of the arguments and the discourse status of the arguments. In agreement with indings from the prior literature, participants put the object argument into the preield when this was favored by the manipulated factors, but they did not use object fronting for this purpose but passivization instead. Corpus counts nevertheless show that object-initial sentences occur with some regularity, even if their frequency is low in comparison to subject-initial sentences. In the second part of this paper, we therefore make use of corpus evidence in order to explore the conditions under which object-initial sentences are produced. A conclusion emerging from our discussion is that the referential form of an object is an additional factor governing whether it is put into the preield or not. his conclusion is supported by additional evidence from experiments obtaining acceptability judgments.


SIR, Proteases of the disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) family are involved in the pathogenesis of various inflammatory and hyperproliferative diseases. Psoriasis is a genetically programmed skin disease of dysregulated inflammation, which results in hyperproliferation of epidermal keratinocytes and consequential abnormal terminal differentiation. Recently, overexpression of ADAM 17 was demonstrated in psoriatic skin and ADAM 10 and ADAM 12 have been shown to regulate several key events that are of high importance in the developing psoriatic lesion. However, nothing is known about the expression and role of ADAM 10 and 12 in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. We characterized the staining pattern of ADAM 10 and 12 in normal (n = 21) and psoriatic (n = 21) human skin using a sensitive streptavidin–peroxidase technique. For antigen retrieval, paraffin sections (5 lm) were microwave-treated (ADAM 10) or proteinase K-treated (ADAM 12). Primary antibodies were used in the following dilutions: ADAM 10 (1 : 50) and ADAM 12 (1 : 200). The antibody to ADAM 10 (H-300) was purchased from Santa Cruz (Heidelberg, Germany) and the ADAM 12 antibody was a kind gift from Professor Wewer (Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen, Denmark). Microscopic analysis was performed by two independent observers (S.T.O., J.R.). In normal human skin, weak cytoplasmic staining for ADAM 10 was detected in all epidermal cell layers. In normal human dermis, dermal fibroblasts and mononuclear inflammatory cells, as well as capillaries, revealed little immunoreactivity for ADAM 10 (Fig. 1a). In lesional psoriatic skin,


The poems of Manhae Han Yongun (1879~1944) count among the canonical works of modern Korean literature, but whether he would hold his own among world-renowned poets such as Tagore and Yeats is a matter of debate. In a comparison of Manhae and Tagore, the question would have to address the quality of the translation by which their poetry is represented, and more importantly the quality of the poems themselves which would have to stand their ground regardless of the extrinsic realm of politics and history which in the case of Manhae's work is nearly inextricable since they form a core, essential part without which proper appreciation would be compromised. First, I shall refer to the book Love's Silence, translations by Jaihiun Kim and Ronald Hatch, rather than the originals, to make clear that I am hoping to address the issue of Manhae's fate as a poet in English, outside the Korean literary realm. Next, I shall embark on a line-by-line prosodic analysis of Manhae's Narutbae wa haengin, which I believe is the brilliant gem of his poetry, the outcome that all poems long to reach when they start into being, because its prosody and rhythmic structure is no less impressive without resort to the underlying politics and history. Finally, I argue that Narutbae wa haengin is a poem that can be read in the same way as another Korean classic, Sowols "Azaleas", i.e. as a poem which is self-referential and loses nothing by being considered as ultimately about nothing more than itself, coming into being as enactments of their own subjectivity.


Abstract Authigenic chlorites occurring as pore linings in reservoir sandstones have been investigated by XRD and TEM/EDAX. Both methods identified the Ib (β = 90°) polytype. TEM/EDAX analyses suggest that the chlorites are Al-rich, Mg-chamosites with Fe/(Fe + Mg) > 0·47. Octahedral Al exceeds tetrahedral Al, resulting in octahedral totals of less than the theoretical 12·0. Compositions were estimated from XRD data using the equations after Brindley (1961) and Shirozu (1958). XRD-determined compositions are relatively enriched in tetrahedral Al and octahedral Mg, giving Fe/(Fe + Mg) > 0·4 and suggesting that the chlorites are Al-rich clinochlores. XRD estimates plot in the same compositional area as authigenic Ib (β = 90°) chlorites of Hayes (1970), but also within the compositional area of metamorphic chlorites. Caution should be exercised when estimating the composition of sedimentary chlorites by XRD as results appear to overestimate Mg content because of the excess of octahedral R 3+ over tetrahedral R 3+.