The evolution of continents involves modification of the lithosphere through time, including changes in crustal thickness and composition that create a dynamic crust-mantle boundary (Moho). The geological history of the southern Rocky Mountain region is relatively well understood and recent additions of modern seismic data provide an ideal opportunity to investigate the evolution of the crust. The results presented in this volume show that crust in the southern Rocky Mountains is relatively thick compared to the global average for the continents. The mafic lower crust and crust-mantle boundary of the Proterozoic provinces of the southwestern U.S. likely formed, and reformed, in several stages. Initial formation of juvenile continental crust took place by development and assembly of magmatic arcs between 1.8 and 1.6 Ga. Volcanic and plutonic rocks of this age record whole-crust differentiation and probably resulted in a mafic lower crustal residue. From 1.45 to 1.35 Ga, the crust underwent another period of differentiation leading to emplacement of A-type granites in the middle crust across southern Laurentia. Voluminous granitoid emplacement ca. 1.4 Ga, petrology of granitoids, widespread metamorphism, and 1.4 Ga lower crustal xenoliths are best explained by mafic underplating. Subsequent mafic additions to the lower crust likely took place at each of the times when basalts were emplaced in the Rocky Mountain region (1.1 Ga Grenville orogeny, Laramide orogeny, Oligocene ignimbrite flare-up and Neogene extensional tectonism), but these events were more local in distribution and not widespread enough to produce the thick, mafic crust observed over an extensive area.


ABSTRACT Magnetorheological Finishing (MRF) process is an advanced surface finishing operation that provides mirror-like polished surfaces required for the implants, lenses (telescope, microscope, etc.), miniature parts, etc. for their enhanced functionality. However, various features (including holes and pockets) on the workpiece surface produce a challenge during their polishing through the MRF process; the Carbonyl Iron Particles (CIPs) chains get trapped inside the holes during the finishing operation and generate irregular surface quality on the polished surface. This paper outlines a Feature-based Hybrid MRF Planning System (FHMRF-PS) developed on the geometrical data inputs to produce automated process planning for the paraffin wax deposition into the hole and pocket features of the workpiece before MRF. An external module is developed to deposit paraffin wax in the holes and pockets to ensure a uniform finish over the targeted surface. Herein, appropriate toolpath strategies are included for the deposition and MRF process to enhance finishing efficiency. Furthermore, a case study on a bone plate made of Ti-6Al-4 V is performed to analyze the efficiency and effectiveness of the developed FHMRF-PS. The initial surface roughness (R a ) value of 324.12 nm is reduced to 21.56 nm after the proposed process planning during MRF. The impact of underfilling and overfilling of paraffin wax on the surface quality of the polished surface is also analyzed in the present study. Further, the uniformity of the surface roughness over the MRF polished surface is compared with and without paraffin wax deposition inside the workpiece's hole and pocket features. It is found that paraffin wax deposition helps to produce uniform surface quality.


An innovative test design for antiperspirant evaluation which overcomes some of the difficulties associated with testing in the armpits is described. The back is used as test area, allowing delineation of 16 test sites for 8 different treatments and corresponding controls. Since there is good symmetry for sweating on contralateral sides of the back, the control site can be assessed at the same level of the back for each test product. The test is not complicated by interindividual differences in sweating or regional differences on the back. During thermal stimulation the sweat is absorbed by cellulose pads. Since measurement of electrical conductance of eluates from the pads is used instead of gravimetric quantification of sweat, sweat evaporation does not influence the results


Abstract : A Kinematic Differential Global Positioning System (KDGPS) algorithm is developed. A number of mobile receivers is considered, one of which will be designated the reference station' which will have known position and velocity information at the beginning of the time interval examined. Satellite clock biases are used to model Selective Availability. The measurement situation on hand is properly modeled and a centralized estimation algorithm processing several epochs of data. The effect of uncertainty in the reference receiver's position and the level of receiver noise is examined. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to examine the ability of the algorithm to correctly estimate the non-reference mobile users' position and velocity despite substantial satellite clock errors and receiver measurement noise.


. Given an integral \stamp" basis A k with 1 = a 1 < a 2 < ... < a k and a positive integer h , we de(cid:12)ne the h - range n ( h,A k ) as n ( h,A k ) = max { N ∈ N | n ≤ N = ⇒ n = k (cid:88) 1 x i a i , k (cid:88) 1 x i ≤ h, n, x i ∈ N 0 } . N 0 = N ∪ { 0 } . For given h and k , the extremal basis A (cid:3) k has the largest possible extremal h -range


High-resolution TEM, RBS-channeling and x-ray-diffraction techniques have been used to characterize multilayered structures formed by the high-dose co-implantation of vanadium and oxygen into single crystals of {alpha}-Al{sub 2}O{sub 3}. Thin, two-dimensional multilayered structures have been formed by implanting c-axis and a-axis-oriented single crystals of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} at room temperature with vanadium (10{sup 17} ions/cm{sup 2} at 300 keV) and oxygen (2 x 10{sup 17} ions/cm{sup 2}, 120 keV) followed by a rapid anneal at 1,000 C. Cross-sectional TEM studies showed that this process produced a buried layer of V{sub 2}O{sub 3} located about 120 nm below the Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} surface. X-ray-diffraction investigations revealed that this layer is epitaxially oriented in three dimensions with respect to the host Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} lattice. The orientational relationship was subsequently confirmed by RBS/channeling techniques. V{sub 2}O{sub 3} exhibits a first-order phase transition at about 155 K that is accompanied by striking changes in its electrical and optical properties, and this phase transition was observed through in-situ TEM cooling studies of cross-sectional samples.


Dielectric function spectra for strained and relaxed Si1−xGex alloys with x∼0.13 and 0.20 are presented in numerical form. The effect of strain is shown to cause a modification of the spectra in the E1 critical point region, resulting in a decrease in refractive index at 1.96 eV, amounting to 0.06 at x=0.22. The spectral dependence of the refractive index is presented for a series of strained layers. An overview is given of spectral databases and the single‐wavelength ellipsometry data available in the literature.


External morphology of the eggs of Coron us contrarius Reuter, 1881 (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) The eggs of Coronus contrarius Reuter, 1881 were studied with light and scanning electron microscopes. The females were collected Ankara-Sereflikochisar, Evren town (Turkey) and maintained under laboratory conditions. Eggs were laid singly in cotton batting and were usually well seperated from each other. The cylindirical-shaped eggs are in average 1.8±O.Ol mm long and O.7±O.Ol mm wide. Eggs have slightly concave and convex side. There is a cap region in the end of egg. Operculum is located in the cap region. A micropylar opening is found in the middle of operculum. Egg bursters are membranous structures.


Mentoring and internships are two effective learning methods that can be used for developing tomorrow's serial leaders. Discussion includes practical advice on establishing these programs in the library for the beginning professional and for librarians seeking career changes. the workshop shows how all serial librarians can build new learning alliances with local library schools, for increased educational opportunities for tomorrow's serial leaders.


Rhetoric,the proper choice and modification of linguistic elements,performs ohesive function in a text.English rhetoric devices such as Rhyme,Synonyms,Antonyms,Parallelism,Antithesis,Simile,Metaphor,Analogy,Allusion,etc.make a text cohesive and coherent by way of phonetic modes,anaphora,lexical cohesion and parallel structures.


The analysis of McCann99 algorithm with regard to high dynamic image display is demonstrated here.The improved plot was proposed based on the weakness of McCann99 in dealing with very dark and light region of HDR images.Combining the new research result,the initial value and reflectance value were adjusted.In addition to the suitable visualization of HDR image,the improved algorithm also has the facility of contrast adjustment.


This paper reports the collection of methods for the self-commissioning of IM drives. The primary topic under the term of self-commissioning is the investigation of automatic, safe, independent and robust procedures for accurate offline identification of system parameters by drive alone. This collection of parameter identification procedures gives the basic framework for optimal control and fault diagnostic of an IM drive system. Accuracy and practicality of suggested methods are investigated on IM drive prototype based on DSP STM32F303.


Bacterial motility is generally a critical virulence factor for pathogenic species, and thus studies on bacterial motility are significant given that they elucidate the mechanisms of infection and disease. Although fluorescent labeling has been the mainstream approach to detecting individual bacteria in a population or in host tissues, it contains problems related to protein expression stability and interference with bacterial physiology. Here, we applied machine learning to microscopic image analysis to achieve label-free motion tracking of the zoonotic bacterium Leptospira interrogans on cultured animal cells. The label-free method allowed us to measure various leptospiral strains isolated from human and animal patients, and natural reservoirs, showing that fast mobility on kidney cells tends to result in severe symptom. We also analyzed the surface locomotion of mutant strains lacking outer membrane proteins (OMPs) and revealed that the loss of OMPs reduced adherence and facilitated motility on cultured kidney cells. The behavior of clinical isolates and OMP-deficient mutants on cultured cells showed the inverse correlation between adhesion and mobility, which could affect infection outcomes. Thus, our computer vision technique eliminated the restriction on available bacterial strains and provided information that could help in understanding the mechanisms underlying motility-dependent bacterial pathogenicity.


By computing the twisting moment of one cap beam by traditional and finite element method respectively,the differences between the two methods are got.A conclusion is drawn that the traditional method is too conservative to determine the twisting moment of cap beams,while the finite element method is relatively reasonable.


Aggregate Dynamics in a Large Virtual Economy: Prices and Real Activity in Team Fortress 2 ∗ Matt Baumer † Curtis Kephart ‡ University of California Santa Cruz March 23, 2015 Abstract We examine economic activity in a large virtual economy which was designed to allow de- centralized barter as the sole exchange institution. We find that a small subset of goods emerges endogenously which act of media of exchange. Our analysis includes estimation of spot exchange rates between these numerous money goods and we develop methods which allows us to price all goods and track inflation. We then calculate nominal growth and its components. We find that per-captita real wealth is an increasing component of nominal growth. Separately, we find evidence of a certain form of nominal price ridigity– the price of an item commonly priced in a particular money good tends to move with the exchange rate of that money good. We also find that announcements made by the economic planners can induce speculation leading to localized asset price bubbles. Keywords: Virtual economy, barter system, national income accounting, wealth measurement, price level, inflation. JEL Codes: E01 E31 P44 Introduction The object of our study is the virtual economy of Team Fortress 2 (TF2) developed and overseen by Valve Software. This economy and others like it hold great potential for researchers: millions of users engaging in billions of economic transactions involving thousands of different types of goods; the game designers are near-omnipotent social planners able to create and destroy goods The authors would like to thank the valuable assistance provided to us by Valve Corporation, including Brandon Reinhart, Kyle Davis, and particularly Kristian Miller for his boundless support and deep insight into the Valve virtual economy. The research was partially funded by Valve Corporation, the University of California Santa Cruz, and LEEPS Lab. Valve Corporation additionally provided technology grants and access to anonymized proprietary data. The authors have agreements in place that entitle Valve Corporation to review our work before it being submitted for publication. The authors would also like to thank Danny Oberhaus at Statistics New Zealand and Anya Stockburger at the Bureau of Labor Statistics for offering their expertise in the development of our price index. Matthew Jee, Sergio Ortiz, and Matthew Browne provided excellent computer programming support. Economics Department, University of California Santa Cruz, CA 95064, email@example.com Economics Department, University of California Santa Cruz, CA 95064, email@example.com


The aim of the article was to build analytical models in the construction industry based on the analysis of its economic indicators and the use of positive foreign experience, as well as by identifying opportunities to optimize resources using better accounting and control systems. The achievement of the goal was based on the results of canonical correlation analysis. Its application allowed us to conclude that there is a long time lag (5 years) of making strategic management decisions on the formation and use of resources in construction companies and their results. This is due to the significant duration of construction work and the frequent commissioning of residential premises with a delay of 1-2 years due to political, economic, financial and other problems. Based on the analysis of Ukrainian and international experience in accounting and control over the formation and use of resources, proposals have been developed for the use of flexible schedules for the supply of material and technical resources using the latest information and computer technology (ICT), work calendars (desktop, wall) and electronic devices with reminders of dates of payment of invoices of suppliers and contractors, dates and forms of financial and administrative reporting, etc. The object of research is the process of complex interaction of accounting, control, analysis and modeling to ensure effective management of material, technical and financial resources of construction companies in 24 regions of Ukraine, European and other countries. The subject of research is the theoretical and practical principles of application of modeling and analysis in accounting and control over the formation and use of material, technical and financial resources of construction companies. It is revealed that the enterprises of the construction industry of Ukraine, many European countries and countries of other continents do not fully use the existing potential of the latest information and computer technologies and modern modeling methods for the organization and optimization of business processes; establishing logistical links between business partners; systems for managing the processes of supply, warehousing, construction production, marketing; reducing costs at all stages of the life cycle of construction products. Based on this, two hypotheses are derived, the first of which indicates the potential of construction companies to effectively carry out financial and management accounting, internal control; to put construction objects into operation quickly, efficiently and in a timely manner. The second hypothesis points to the fact that construction companies for various reasons violate the procedure for accounting for resources, do not perform planned measures of internal control; allow disruptions of construction processes and terms of commissioning of construction objects; allow the lack and misuse of material and financial resources. The practical application of proposals to optimize the use of resources modeled in the research process and proposed ways to improve the efficiency of information and computer technology can be effectively implemented to ensure business processes in construction, in particular the implementation of logistics in the search and delivery of resources. construction projects and warehouses. This will significantly reduce the cost of accounting and control support of construction work, without reducing their quality and timeliness.


: In this paper, I intended to compute subsets of Z m that form multiplicative groups, (further finite fields) under the operation of multiplication modulo m (along with addition modulo m). These groups from the subsets of Z m can be evaluated by using programming languages like C, Python and Maxima. Further, those multiplicative groups that form a ring and field over the same set, by the inclusion of additive identity element were also computed. In all the cases identity elements in the multiplicative groups, if exists, will be highlighted (computed with special interest)


An α‐l‐rhamnosidase clone was isolated from a genomic library of the thermophilic anaerobic bacterium Clostridium stercorarium and its primary structure was determined. The recombinant gene product, RamA, was expressed in Escherichia coli, purified to homogeneity and characterized. It is a dimer of two identical subunits with a monomeric molecular mass of 95 kDa in SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. At pH 7.5 it is optimally active at 60°C and insensitive to moderate concentrations of Triton X100, ethanol and EDTA. It hydrolysed p‐nitrophenyl‐α‐l‐rhamnopyranoside, naringin and hesperidin with a specific activity of 82, 1.5 and 0.46 U mg−1 respectively. Hydrolysis occurs by inversion of the anomeric configuration as detected using 1H‐NMR, indicating a single displacement mechanism. Naringin was hydrolysed to rhamnose and prunin, which could further be degraded by incubation with a thermostable β‐glucosidase. The secondary structure of RamA consists of 27% α‐helices and 50% β‐sheets, as detected by circular dichroism. The primary structure of the ramA gene has no similarity to other glycoside hydrolase sequences and possibly is the first member of a new enzyme family.


Recent research using time series cointegration techniques has suggested that fi scal policy in the EU-15 countries may have been on unsustainable path during 1970-2003. However, the time series techniques employed are know to have low power in small samples. The results from employing panel cointegration techniques that have higher power in small samples indicate that government revenue and expenditure in these countries were non-stationary and cointegrated series, and that the long-run cointegrating relation was consistent with 'strong' fi scal sustainability.


The low hypertension management knowledg causes uncontrolled high blood pressure and it's complication. A health education may increase the hypertension management knowledge. Poster is one of the health education media consisting letters, picture, and can be patch anywhere, so it can be read repeatedly. This was a quasy experiment with pre and post-test non equivalent control group design. This study recruited the respondents using a consecutive sampling method. The sample size was 32 respondents which divided into intervention and control group. The data were analyzed using Paired t-test and Independent t-test. The majority of respondents were age between 45-60 years old, female, housewife, and graduated elementary school. The Paired t-test results showed that there were significant differences of the knowledge pre and post-test scores in the intervention group (p = 0,000) and control group (p = 0,194). The Independent t-test results showed that there were significant differences between the knowledge post-test scores among the intervention group and control group (p= 0,016). Health education using posters may improve the hypertension management knowledge among the hypertension patients.


Syndrome. A young and generally healthy Nigerian man, who had not returned to Africa in four and one half years, sought medical attention because of severe left-sided pleuritic pain. He had a low-grade fever, diminished breath sounds at the left base, no ocular abnormalities other than a dense right cataract (the result of childhood trauma), and no evidence of sc swelling, chronic lymphangitis, or edema. A chest roentgenogram showed left lower lobe atelectasis, but tests of arterial blood gases and an emergency lung scan showed unremarkable results. His complete blood count was normal except for an eosinophilia of 11% and the presence of rare microfilariae. Normal results were also obtained from echocardiography and tests of sedimentation rates, sickle cell preparations, antinuclear antibody, and complement levels. A small left pleural effusion was detected, and diagnostic thoracentesis showed serosanguinous fluid with 1,600 red blood cells/mm3 and 700 white blood cells/mm3. The differential white blood cell count was predominantly lymphocytic (with a 2%0 eosinophilia), and numerous microfilariae were seen on an unconcentrated smear.


An efficient Pd(0)-catalyzed Cu(I)-mediated desulfitative C–C cross-coupling of benzo-fused thiazolidine-2-thione with boronic acids under neutral Liebeskind–Srogl conditions is described. The desulfitative cross coupling of boronic acid pinacol esters has also been demonstrated with fused thiazolidine-2-thione under basic conditions to afford fused thiazoles with good to excellent yields.


Construction projects have to be compressed due to various reasons. Traditional crashing techniques have been used to perform project crashing. Traditional crashing techniques include overmanning, overtime and shift work. By using these techniques, project schedule can be compressed, but additional penalty costs are incurred. Therefore, it is necessary to select a method alternative that satisfies the requirement of shortening the time and completes the project at a minimum cost when a project need to compress. This study quantitatively analyzes numerical values to solve the limitations of existing experience - dependent project crashing alternatives. These numerical values have been used to develop a decision - making system that can be used to optimally combine the construction methods required for crashing a project using genetic algorithms. In addition, the practicality of the system was verified through case studies.


It has been shown that the market for the metal scrap in Russia is characterized by the persistent deficit of the supply inside the country and by the stable growth of the prices within the last years. In connection with this, the metallurgical enterprises not only develop the own blank preparation capacities, but also look for the methods of the scrap replacement by the accessible alternative materials.


Lichen symbiosis Lichen-forming fungi are a polyphyletic group of nutritional specialists, which derive fixed carbon from a population of living cyanobacteria and/or green algal cells. Every fifth fungus (approximately 14 000 species), or every second ascomycete, respectively, is a lichen. Species names of lichens refer to the fungal partner, the photoautotrophic symbionts having their own names and phylogenies. Most lichen-forming fungi are physiologically facultatively biotrophic, but occur in nature almost exclusively in the symbiotic state. The majority of lichen-forming fungi form crustose, often quite inconspicuous thalli on or within the substratum where they meet their photoautotrophic partners, but about 25% of lichen mycobionts differentiate morphologically and anatomically complex 3D thalli, either shrubby, leafor band-shaped, erect or pendulous, which are the result of an amazing hyphal polymorphism. Morphologically and anatomically complex lichen thalli are sophisticated culturing chambers, built up by the fungal partner, for a population of minute photobiont cells. Most lichenforming fungi grow at or even above the surface of the substratum in order to keep their photoautotrophic partner adequately illuminated. Thus they are exposed to solar radiation, drought and temperature extremes. Lichen-forming ascomycetes produce a wide range of polyphenolic secondary metabolites, which crystallize at hyphal surfaces in the medullary layer and/or within the peripheral cortex, giving the thalli a characteristic coloration (Huneck & Yoshimura, 1996). Most of the cortical secondary compounds absorb ultraviolet (UV) light and transmit longer wavelengths, thus protecting fungal and photobiont cells from radiation damage.


Organised regionally, this book contains valuable information about rock concerts, concert halls, bars, jazz clubs, symphony orchestras and street musicians.


This study aimed to verify the influence of a didactic sequence with experimental activities on student motivation in relation to the subject matter Biology and check the possibility of applying such a result having as input the cultural-historical perspective and the dynamic of the three pedagogical moments. The work is part of a Master Degree research developed with 70 students from a high school in Patos de Minas city. The analysis of the data collected through observation, questionnaires, reports, testimonies of students, filming and photography of biology classes, points out that the use of experimental activities in Biology classes contributed to the increase of student motivation relating to Biology classes favoring the teaching-learning process and also to promote a converge between the scientific knowledge and reality of the students besides encourage their self-esteem and investigative sense. The results also indicate that it is possible to develop at school a didactic sequence based on the complementarity of two different theoretical lines like the dynamics of the three moments and in the historical and cultural perspective. Based on above considerations, we believe that the use of experimental activities following didactics positively influences student motivation in relation to Biology, favoring the teaching and learning of Biology. However, it is the whole of this, as the theory and the posture of motivating teachers, allowed approximation between scientific knowledge and reality of the students, enabling greater learning of biological concepts.


The sensitivity to carbendazim fungicide of 83 strains of Botryosphaeria berengriana f. sp. piricola collected from apple friut in Shandong province in 2007 was determined with the method of colonial growth-rate. The frequency distributions of EC50 values to the 83 strains of carbendazim were all unimodal and the EC50 values ranged from 0.019 6 mg·L-1 to 0.486 7 mg·L-1 and the mean EC50 values (±Se ×t0.05 )were (0.108 0±0.015 2) mg·L-1. The sensitive baseline of Botryosphaeria berengriana f. sp. piricola to carbendazim was determined as 0.042 8 mg·L-1 based on the mean EC50 value to the most sensitive isolate from Taishan. The results of Duncan test and hierarchical cluster analysis showed that the sensitivities to carbendazim of Botryosphaeria berengriana f. sp. piricola from different regions were in high levels. There was no evident difference in the strains and no resistant subcolony.


The usual form of presentation of celiac disease is chronic diarrhoeaand deficiencies of vitamin D, vitamin K, iron and vitamin B12, due to malabsorption. Intestinalobstruction secondary to an intussusception is rare in adults and usually is a complication ofcarcinoma of the colon or post operative adhesions. We report a 45 year-old female consulting fordiarrhoea and vomiting lasting one week and progressive abdominal bloating. A plain abdominalX ray showed air fluid levels in the small bowel and a CT scan showed an intussusception. She wasoperated and discharged but continued with diarrhoea. She was admitted again and a new CTscan showed three intussusceptions that were resolved with the administration of oral contrastmedia. Antiendomisial antibodies were positive and a celiac disease was diagnosed. After one yearwith a gluten free diet, the patient remains asymptomatic (Rev Med Chile 2008; 136: 1179-82).(


Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease that can develop via 3 major pathways: conventional, serrated, and alternate. We aimed to examine whether the risk factor profiles differ according to pathway-related molecular subtypes. Methods We examined the association of 24 risk factors with 4 CRC molecular subtypes based on a combinatorial status of microsatellite instability (MSI), CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), and BRAF and KRAS mutations by collecting data from 2 large US cohorts. We used inverse probability weighted duplication-method Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate differential associations across subtypes. Results We documented 1175 CRC patients with molecular subtype data: subtype 1 (n = 498; conventional pathway; non-MSI-high, CIMP-low or negative, BRAF-wild-type, KRAS-wild-type), subtype 2 (n = 138; serrated pathway; any MSI status, CIMP-high, BRAF-mutated, KRAS-wild-type), subtype 3 (n = 367; alternate pathway; non-MSI-high, CIMP-low or negative, BRAF-wild-type, KRAS-mutated), and subtype 4 (n = 172; other marker combinations). Statistically significant heterogeneity in associations with CRC subtypes was found for age, sex, and smoking, with a higher hazard ratio (HR) observed for the subtype 2 (HR per 10 years of age = 2.64, 95% CI = 2.13 to 3.26; HR for female = 2.65, 95% CI = 1.60 to 4.39; HR per 20-pack-year of smoking = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.14 to 1.45) than other CRC subtypes (all Pheterogeneity < .005). A stronger association was found for adiposity measures with subtype 1 CRC in men and subtype 3 CRC in women and for several dietary factors with subtype 1 CRC, although these differences did not achieve statistical significance at α  level of .005. Conclusions Risk factor profiles may differ for CRC arising from different molecular pathways.


The paper describes the implementation of distributed (FPGA, GPP) system for simulation of multiple TESLA cavities and high power distribution chain. Applied models simulate the system behavior with the performance close to the response time of the real RF station and cryomodules. Parameterized architecture of the simulator allows to find compromise between the complexity of the model and the available FPGA resources. The results of laboratory tests and driving the simulator using the FLASH (Free LASer in Hamburg) LLRF system are presented. Proposed solution is the important tool for LLRF system development and testing, and can be alternative for the usage in the real superconducting facilities reducing the development costs and time.


Core/shell structured composite abrasives with solid-silica(SSi O2) cores and mesoporoussilica(MSi O2) shells were synthesized using tetraethylorthosilicate as silica source, ammonia solution as catalyst and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as sacrificial template. The prepared abrasives were characterized by small angle XRD, FESEM, HRTEM, FTIR, TGA, nitrogen adsorption- desorption isotherm and the corresponding pore size distribution. The results show that theMSi O2shells(70- 80 nm in thickness) with radial pores are evenly coated on the external surfaces of theSSi O2cores(210-230 nm).The BET surface area of the prepared abrasives is 558.2 m2/g. The mesochannels(2-3 nm in pore size) in the(MSi O2) shell are perpendicular to the surface of theSSi O2 core. The topography, roughness and profile curve of silicon wafers with a Si O2 surface film of ca 1200 nm were investigated by AFM before and after chemical- mechanical polishing in the presence of abrasives. By comparison with the conventional abrasivesSSi O2, the composite abrasives are in favor of decreasing the surface roughness and increasing the material removal rate of the polished wafers. TheMSi O2 shells of the prepared composite abrasives may be contribute to optimize the real interfacial contact between abrasives and wafer surface through certain mechanical and/or chemical effects.


The differences in the psychosocial aspects of different types of cancer in men and women are mainly based on gender variables. However, the specific way in which gender influences adaptation to cancer is not completely defined and it has also been very poorly studied. Gender differences are not only evident in the physical impact of cancer, but also in quality of life, in the psychosocial differences, in the confronting styles and in the adaptation of the patient's partners to the process of the disease. It is necessary to identify women's specific psychosocial needs in more detail in order to be able to develop specific programs which keep in mind the gender differences in the way oncologic disease is confronted, as well as in the process of making clinical decisions and in the variables required to optimise their quality of life.


A Systematic Functional Task Analysis (SFTA) for control room instrumentation of a nuclear power plant has been developed. The methodology systematically reviews the plant worst accident conditions, NRC Regulatory Guide 1.97 post-accident monitoring requirements, and multiple failure conditions. Computerized data base management of the analysis is expected to provide a consolidated instrumentation (display/control) characteristics required by operators to mitigate plant transient/accident conditions.


In the model-based implementation methodology, the timed behavior of the software is typically modeled independently of the platform-specific timing semantics such as the delay due to scheduling or I/O handling. Although this approach helps to reduce the complexity of the model, it leads to timing gaps between the model and its implementation. This paper proposes a platform-specific timing verification framework that can be used to formally verify the timed behavior of an implementation that has been developed from a platform-independent model. We first describe a way to categorize the interactions among the software, a platform, and the environment in the form of implementation schemes. We then present an algorithm that systematically transforms a platform-independent model into a platform-specific model under a given implementation scheme. This transformation algorithm ensures that the timed behavior of the platform-specific model is close to that of the corresponding implementation. Our case study of an infusion pump system shows that the measured timing delay of the system is bounded by the formally verified bound of its platform-specific model.


Enteric coated fluorouracil micro-granules were prepared with extrusion,spheronization and airflow coating method. The in vitro release of prepared micro-granules containing lactose or sodium chloride showed that fluorouracil was not released in 0.1mol/L hydrochloric acid for 2h, while in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer solution at 30min release was above 96%. The results of pharmacokinetics study in SD rats indicated that t1/2 (0.63±0.13)h and AUC0→6h (1215.7±255.3)ng·h-1·ml-1 of the enteric-coated micro-granules containing lactose were better than those of the fluorouracil solution [t1/2 (0.35±0.03)h ,AUC0→6h (851.6±84.9)ng·h-1·ml-1].


As civilized creature, human actually can manage trash as well as possible although it is often stereotyped as a vain thing. This article gives the proof that trash can be cultured as well so that a society can take benefits from the existence of it. This article parses ways of orderly managing it at schools, in this case two schools in Jepara. The results say that trash can be cultured by having an organization to manage the Trash Bank at schools and to train students to classify and recycle trash then take advantage of it by selling the collected and the recycled trash. It makes trash have good transformation of values, repelling against the prior stereotype. Finally, by taking example from Trash Bank management at schools, human can have so cultured trash that they would not be trapped by trash culture.


Spitting cobras expulse venom toward the face and/or eyes of potential predators as part of their defensive repertoire. Evaluating the accuracy of the cobras is difficult because the spit venom does not land as a point but rather is distributed, in some cases widely, in complex geometric patterns on the surface of the target. The purpose of this study was to explore the functional bases of the venom's spatial distribution. Using a combination of spatial analysis of "caught" venom, morphology, high‐speed digital videography, and electromyography (EMG), three hypothesis were evaluated. Two of these hypotheses—that the spatial distribution was due to differential venom pressure produced by the contractile activity of the adductor mandibulae externus superficiali and that the spatial distribution was produced by the morphology of the venom canal within the fang—were both rejected. The third hypothesis—that the spatial distribution was due to rapid rotational movements of the head about the vertebral column—was supported by analyses of EMG activity within the cervical axial muscles and by predictions of venom‐distribution patterns based on these cephalic displacements. These results suggest that the ability to "spit" venom is a unique suite of specializations involving both the axial and the cephalic systems.


Efficient production of seedling-derived Type I callus was demonstrated for several corn genotypes in- cluding commercial inbred lines. Seeds were germinated on MS-based medium containing 10 mg l −1 picloram and 3m g l −1 6-benzylaminopurine, which induced the devel- opment of axillary buds in the area of coleoptilar node. Nodal sections of 7-10-day old seedlings were isolated, split longitudinally, and placed on callus induction medium supplemented with 2.2 mg l −1 picloram and 0.5 mg l −1 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. For lines L4 and L9 the fre- quency of embryogenic callus induction was 38-42% based on calli per split nodal section. Frequency of callus induc- tion from split nodal sections of seeds germinated on media without growth regulators was 0-3%. Seedling-derived cal- lus of five genotypes was used for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Two constructs containing the green fluo- rescence protein gene and genes for either neomycin phos- photransferase II or glyphosate selection were used in trans- formation experiments. Transformation frequency varied from 2 to 11% and about 60% of the T0 plants had 1-2 copies of transgenes.


A waterculture method is described in which the level of the nutrient solution near the plant roots will automatically be held constant without any addition of water or nutrient solution.


The purpose of this study is to investigate toddlers' responses when they are listening to a biology story with special focus on ants. The method used was a teaching attempt that was supplemented b ...


According to the non-linearity and variation against time of the electro-hydraulic pressure system of the load-shear test machine,an interpolation algorithm fuzzy-PID controller was designed and developed on the basis of variable universe.Variable universe and double-linear interpolation algorithm of rectangular binary function were adopted to solve the problems incurred by the self-regulation of general PID parameters concerned with local optimization,which guaranteed the overall optimization of system control parameters and solved the problem of high-precision otherwise unattainable within the universe of given rules.Then comparison is made of the effects between general fuzzy-PID control and an interpolation algorithm fuzzy-PID control based on variable universe,which show that the interpolation algorithm fuzzy-PID control based on variable universe can do a better job in safeguarding the overall stability and control precision of the system thus to effectively overcome steady state error and chatter phenomenon.


A nonlinear PID-P cascade control strategy was presented for the drum level control system in power stations.P control was used in the inner loop to quickly eliminate the disturbance of feed water quantity,and nonlinear PID controller(NLPID) was adopted in the outer loop to keep the drum level at the set point and overcome the disturbance of steam flux.The structure and algorithms of the control strategy were very simple,and simulation proved it more superior to PI-P control.The strategy can not only overcome the disturbance of feed water quantity and stream effectively,but also has strong robustness and good regulating performance when parameters of the object vary.


Interdiffusion at the interfaces of a multilayer structure consisting of 3 Ge layers of about 2.2, 4.3 and 2.2 nm thickness in a Si matrix was studied by depth profiling with AES. Measured depth profiles of the as deposited structure (grown at 300°C), taking the Ge LMM peak intensity as a function of the sputtering time, were compared with those obtained after annealing of the sample at 600, 650, and 700°C after quantitative evaluation with the MRI (mixing-roughness-information depth)-model. As a result, the interdiffusion constant was determined (Deff=6.3 E-22 m2/s at 973 K) as well as the activation energy (E≅0.9 eV). These values are considerably lower than the bulk diffusion coefficients. This effect presumably is connected with the strain in thin film multilayer Si/Ge heterostructures due to the lattice mismatch. It is especially important at low temperature annealing and has to be taken into account in the fabrication technology of of Si/Ge nanostructures.


Objective Discuss the effect of traditional Chinese medical comprehensive treatment in the clinical treatment for lumbar disc herniation. Methods All the cases were treated with such traditional Chinese medical comprehensive treatment as traction,massage,acupuncture,traditional Chinese medicine and functional treatment. Results 55. 5% of the 365 cases have been cured,42. 1% of them have been under recovery,and 1. 4% showed no sign of recovery. Conclusion Given that the syndromes are identified,choosing the traditional chinese medical comprehensive treatment to treat patients has the benefits of low expense,reliable effects,and security.


The study on pattern of abundance and movement of rats and mice was done in two rice godowns; Azad vander and Raj Rice Agencies; of Badamtali, Dhaka. The study was carried out for 8 months, from April to November in the year 2010. The total study area of godown was 5000 sq ft. The area was divided into five blocks. Ten snap traps were placed randomly in the blocks. Traps were placed six times in a month. Total trap placement was 480 and the trapping success was 46.46%. Both the godown stored about 12 kinds of rice and rice was available throughout the year. There were no special preferences observed for any especial kind of rice. Three species of rats and mice were trapped from the study area which were Lesser Bandicoot Rat (Bandicota bengalensis), House Rat (Rattus rattus) and House Mouse (Mus musculus). The total number of individual trapped were 223 of which Bandicota bengalensis was 79.82%, Mus musculus was 13.04% and Rattus rattus was 7.17%. Among 223 individuals male was 61.43% and the female was 38.57%. In case of Bandicota bengalensis male was 54.49% and female was 45.51%. In case of Mus musculus male was 65.52% and female was 34.48%. The sex ratio was 1.59:1. The average litter size in Bandicota bengalensis was 5.83, in Mus musculus was 5.20 and in Rattus rattus was 6.5.


This essay concerns the metaphysical thought of Duns Scotus and Charles S. Peirce. It will be explained firstly how at the center of the "Scotistic realism" proposed by Peirce stays a new conception of "reality". That will turn out evident through the analysis of the real character of universals and of formal non-identity. Secondly, it will be showed that close to that stays the thesis that Scotus's real possibility is a very useful device to understand the metaphysical basis of knowledge in Peirce's category of Thirdness.


In this paper, an island integrated energy system (IES) combining power, heat and hydrogen (CPHH) is built, and the optimal power-heat-hydrogen scheduling is studied under actual plateau meteorological data. Considering the comprehensive demands of residents, an IES including renewable energy sources (RESs), fuel cell, electrolyzer, electric boiler, thermal energy storage device and new energy vehicles is established and operated. In the first stage of operation, according to the prediction of RESs and demands, the day-ahead optimization is carried out which aims to minimize the operation cost, while the electric vehicles (EVs) are considered as special demand response (DR) loads. As for the second stage of operation, the ultra-short-term prediction is implemented to provide prediction data for model predictive control (MPC), realizes the real-time operation. As CPHH system, fuel cell and electrolyzer work to meet various needs of the plateau residential area with high efficiency. In addition, the method and IES structure proposed in this paper is compared with other options.


As so far, the research issues that J. Widacki and A. Szuba-Boroń became interested in have not been the subject of scientific interests. During the diplomatic mission in Vilnius, J. Widacki continued his scientific interests, reaching the files of espionage cases dated from the interwar period. On the other hand, A. Szuba-Boroń examined, inter alia, the files of espionage cases, dealing with the prose of Sergiusz Piasecki, the writer and former spy. The picture of a border, and in it the struggle of Soviet, Lithuanian and Polish intelligence services is undoubtedly an interesting background for research. The authors are aware of the research limitations, as they did not reach the cases tried in other Regional Courts, located in the territory of the then – Republic of Poland. They realistically estimate that finding and examining all of the criminal espionage cases pending before the courts of the Second Polish Republic seem to be impossible today. The undertaken research efforts are worth to be emphasized.


Synthesis of aldehydes 17 from D-arabinose and 31 from L-serine provided key precursors for the generation of highly functionalized dehydroamino acid derivatives upon condensation with glycyl phosphonates. Subsequent bromination and intramolecular addition/elimination afforded the azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-ylidene ring system postulated to exist in the azinomycin antitumor antibiotics


A geometry course for teachers--easily adaptable to a high school geometry class--integrates technology, reasoning, communication, collaboration, reading, writing, and multiple representations.

Online extra: http://nctm.org/mt005


Cardiac tissue engineering is an emerging field that may hold great promise for advancing the treatment of heart diseases. Cardiac tissue engineering is in its infancy, and the overall field of tissue engineering, which was formalized in the late 1980s at conferences and workshops sponsored by the National Science Foundation, is still new enough to warrant some description. By broad definition, tissue engineering involves the construction of tissue equivalents through the manipulation and combination of living cells and biomaterials. It is a multidisciplinary field combining diverse aspects of the life sciences, engineering, and clinical medicine. The overall goal of tissue engineering is to develop tissue equivalents for use in the repair, replacement, maintenance, or augmentation of tissues or organs. Although some aspects of cardiac tissue engineering research have been ongoing for generations, albeit without being known as such, directed efforts in the field are only beginning.

The main justification for cardiac tissue engineering initiatives is straightforward: congenital and acquired heart diseases are substantial health problems, and there is a limited amount of donor tissue for use in surgical repairs. Heart defects are the most common congenital defect and are the leading cause of death in the first year of life.1,2⇓ Congenital heart defects may occur in as many as 14 of every 1000 live births,3 and approximately 25 000 surgical procedures are performed each year to correct them. Acquired heart diseases also have a profound effect on the population, and despite tremendous advances in medical and surgical treatments, it is estimated that each year 20 000 to 40 000 Americans could benefit from a heart transplant.4 Unfortunately, fewer than 2500 heart transplants are performed each year.4,5⇓ One of the principal reasons for the disparity between patient need and procedures performed is the lack of …


The contamination has a great impact on the precision of measurement in isotope logging. The contamination type and contamination correction coefficient are introduced briefly. The interpretation result was not influenced before the isotopes distributed in the formation; the proportional relationship among formation injection quantity, the filtration production content and the radioactivity intensity was destroyed by contamination after isotopes had distributed in the formation; and the interpretation accuracy for the amount of stratified relative water injection was affected. According to these characteristics, the contamination area homing model and calculation method for contamination correction are proposed, and good results have been achieved.


Location awareness, providing ability to identify the location of sensor, machine, vehicle, and wearable device, is a rapidly growing trend of hyper-connected society and one of key ingredients for internet of things (IoT). In order to make a proper reaction to the collected information from devices, location information of things should be available at the data center. One challenge for the massive IoT networks is to identify the location map of whole sensor nodes from partially observed distance information. This is especially important for massive sensor networks, relay-based and hierarchical networks, and vehicular to everything (V2X) networks. The primary goal of this paper is to propose an algorithm to reconstruct the Euclidean distance matrix (and eventually the location map) from partially observed distance information. By casting the low-rank matrix completion problem into the unconstrained minimization problem in Riemannian manifold in which a notion of differentiability can be defined, we are able to solve the low-rank matrix completion problem efficiently using a modified conjugate gradient algorithm. From the analysis and numerical experiments, we show that the proposed method, termed localization in Riemannian manifold using conjugate gradient (LRM-CG), is effective in recovering the Euclidean distance matrix for both noiseless and noisy environments.


Original Research Article Objective: In this study our main goal is to early detection of multivessel disease and prevention of short and long term complications. Methods: This was prospective and observational study conducted at National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shere-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh from February 2012 to December 2012. We examined enlisted eighty four (n=84) consecutive patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction within 12 hours of onset of chest pain and underwent thrombolysis in coronary care unit. Consequently patients were classified in two groups on the basis of admission electrocardiogram. Group A patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction associated significant (≥ 0.1 mV) precordial ST segment depression in leads V1-V6 (n=44, 52.38%); whereas group B had no remarkable precordial ST segment change (n=40, 47.62%). Thereafter Echocardiography was recorded within 3 rd day and catheterization with coronary angiography was done within 4 weeks of infarction. Result: Angiographic result was in patients with precordial ST depression had more prevalence to double vessel (77.3% vs. 22.5%) and triple vessels disease found to be higher in group A (15.9% vs. 2.5%). Though anterior descending artery involvement was higher than left circumflex, but independent left anterior descending lesion could not implicated. Conclusion: In overall outcome, patients with ST segment depression in acute inferior myocardial infarction liked with more wideness of ischemic area of infracted zone and more prevalence to multi vessel lesion (double or triple vessel) and index of worse prediction. In conclusion, the current study may give significant clinical benefit to prediction of coronary artery involve from admission ECG, concurrently it will help to categorize the treatment strategy as which patient need emergency support.


Synopsis New cases of neurotic illness identified during one month by each in turn of eight general practitioners in a London borough were investigated by means of standardized clinical and social interviews. When compared with a matched control group of consulting patients, the index group was found to have experienced significantly more life events during the three months before the onset of illness. Events particularly associated with neurotic illness were unexpected crises and failure to achieve various life goals. The distribution of events suggested that serious, threatening events have an important aetiological role; minor events appear to play a small contributory part which may become critical when the morbid risk is already high. The problems of method involved in this type of investigation are discussed.


Skid steer tracked-based robots are popular due to their mechanical simplicity, zero-turning radius and greater traction. This architecture also has several advantages when employed by mobile platforms designed to climb and navigate ferrous surfaces, such as increased magnet density and low profile (center of gravity). However, creating a kinematic model for localization and motion control of this architecture is complicated due to the fact that tracks necessarily slip and do not roll. Such a model could be based on a heuristic representation, an experimentally-based characterization or a probabilistic form. This paper will extend an experimentally-based kinematic equivalence model to a climbing, track-based robot platform. The model will be adapted to account for the unique mobility characteristics associated with climbing. The accuracy of the model will be evaluated in several representative tasks. Application of this model to a climbing mobile robotic welding system (MRWS) is presented.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


Heavy chains of IgG, IgA, and IgM classes of human immunoglobulins were compared by N-terminal residue determination and partial amino acid sequence analysis. A third subclass of the variable region of heavy chains was observed; an unblocked glutamic acid as the N-terminal residue is characteristic of this subclass. Our results indicated that the heavy chain variable region subclasses are not class specific, and that a given heavy chain variable region may be found in association with constant regions for mu-chains, alpha-chains, or gamma-chains of various subclasses.


Open source softwares have changed the face of the software arena. The free source code has helped developers in collaborating and sharing the programming across various platforms. This paper has focused on the open source softwares (OSS) as to their impact and contribution to the general state of Information Technology and how the OSS environment can be managed to bring more justification of the open source culture.


In 2012, the EU Commission provided each member state with a country position paper outlining the analysis of the Commission of the main challenges and funding priorities relevant for the European Structural and Investment Funds (ESI) in the programming period 2014–2020, including in relation to European Territorial Cooperation. These position papers have guided the ensuing dialogue with the Commission in particular in relation to the prioritisation of development needs and concentration of support, as well as in terms of the presentation of information. In this chapter, authors are presenting relevant social, economic and environmental aspects of the programme area and describe how the cooperation programme's strategy in the case of cross-border cooperation between Slovenia and Austria for 2014–2020 period has contributed to the delivery of the Union strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth and for achieving economic, social and territorial cohesion.


For the students, poor time-use habits can easily lead to academic failure. The online learning environment is full of learning resources, and students are not able to get monitor and guide of the teachers face-to-face. Therefore, students are expected to have better time management skills. In this study, 67 middle school students were taken as examples to study their online assignments in LMS in three semesters, and four indicators of time-use habit were constructed: submission, procrastination, speed and regularity. These indicators were used to analyze their prediction effect to students' learning performance. The results show that there is a significant negative correlation between procrastination and learning performance, and the predictive power of procrastination is the best; there is a significant positive correlation between assignments submission times and learning performance and speed is also. While regularity does not show significant correlation with learning performance.


E-Learning has grown rapidly in recent years and continues to grow. Technology has played a large role in the growth of E-Learning and has made an impact on student's Skills. E-Learning is an important factor that helps to improve student's skills and knowledge growth and development, by continues changing on technology students can enter to take any information they need to and make it easy to find by a successful and easy way, So the purpose for this paper is to emphasis the role of technology – especially – the internet in education today, and the important of three components: technology infrastructure ,Environmental Adoption and Governments Regulations for success E-learning process.


The article analyseis the relation of stock, transport, and Distribution center in the system of logistics. By means of optimization method, the mathematical model of logistics Distribution center allocation is put forward. It is a mixed integer programming model.The algorithm which refers to the benders , s method is given. Limited quantity of stipulations ensures the astringency of the algorithm.The model should be practical because of variety of reality facts have been considered.


This paper describes a new method for predicting high speed impulsive noise generated by a hovering rotor blade. The nonlinear near field solution is computed by an Euler solver, and the pressure signal in the near field can be extracted directly from the Euler solution; moreover,the sound propagation to the far field is computed with linear acoustic methods, namely, the Kirchhoff integration over a surface that completely encloses the rotor blades. Although lacking experimental verification at this time, the results of computed high speed impulsive noise are promising. These calculations show that some benefit can be obtained by taking thin or sweep or taper blade tip shape in reducing the far field noise. Overall, the combined Euler/Kirchhoff scheme provides a powerful new framework for engineering purposes of noise prediction.


Chronic disease registries play a pivotal role in the use of information technology within the health sector. In the early 90's, diabetes registry has had limited functionality and lack sharing of information among healthcare providers' in both small and large hospitals. Most diabetes registries were used for recording of diabetic patients. Over the last decade, the features of diabetes registry have improved to include aiding in clinical research and data sharing, updating of patient medical processes, and feedback mechanism on patient health condition. However, with the increased adoption of diabetes registry, there is lack of a framework for the design, deployment, and evaluation of a diabetes registry. The objectives of this research are to analyze: (1) the role of diabetes registry within the electronic healthcare record (EHR) era, (2) The features, design, and implementation of diabetes registry. The study will adopt design science methodology. The research will advance a better understating of strength and weakens of diabetes registry.


Highlight: Germination of broadscale (Atriplex obovutu Moq.), a perennial saltbush, was optimum when the seeds were exposed to light at 10 to 20°C. Germination was suppressed in the absence of light, although very brief exposure to light will overcome this inhibition. Seeds of intermediate size germinate best; gray seeds germinate better than tan seeds. Because of its growth on excessively alkaline, saline sand, and shale soils of the Southwest, as well as its nutritive value and palatability to livestock, broadscale has potential for stabilization of a variety of disturbed sites.


Traditionally, heterocyclic synthesis is carried out by conductive heating with an oil bath or heating mantle. It is a comparatively slow and inefficient method for transferring energy into reaction system. In addition, a temperature gradient can develop in the sample and local overheating can lead to product, substrate or reagent decomposition. In contrast, microwave heating produces efficient internal heating by direct coupling of microwave energy with the molecules in the reaction mixture. In this reason, not only is direct microwave heating able to reduce chemical reaction times, but it is also known to reduce side reactions, increase yields, and improve reproducibility. Nowadays, many organic reactions have been carried out by microwave heating. It is a unique technique for the synthetic organic chemists have synthesized a large number of new drugs by using microwave irradiation. Quinazolone and their derivatives are very important for medicinal chemistry because of the interesting biological properties such as antifungal, antitumor, antihypertensive, anticonvulsant, analge-


This paper quotes the full and accurate data at first to state the problem that China really faces severe employment with the next period, analyzes objectively four major threats and five origin reasons of severe employment, then points out that the social risk of unemployment can be defended and avoided, the key lies in seeing clearly the danger of unemployment and facing its risk. For this reason, the article proposes that in order to evade the unemployment risk, we must set up perfect unemployment ensurance and help system, perfect the monitoring prewarning of the unemployment risk and evading system.


Based on the result of investi-gation by the State Council on geologi-cal disaster in Wurong, Chongqing, thispaper analyze the current situation of le-gal liability system in the field of urbanplanning administration, discusses thenecessity of establishing planning ad-ministration legal system.[


[Objective] To explore the relationship of hyperlipidemia and free fatty acid (FFA) with fatty liver. [Methods] Detecting the level of blood lipid and FFA, and performed ultrasonic examination of the liver with 2 386 cases of physical examination. [Result] 351 cases fatty liver were found in 2 386 cases of physical examination, the positive rate of fatty liver in male is higher than in female (P 0.01); the level of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and FFA in fatty livers is higher than those in non-fatty livers (P 0.01); mixed hyperlipidemia and hypetriglyceridemia group had higher prevalence rate of fatty liver and level of FFA than normal lipid group (P 0.01), mixed hyperlipidemia group had higher prevalence rate of fatty liver and level of FFA than hypetriglyceridemia group (P 0.05). [Conclusion] The prevalence rate of fatty liver was closely correlated with hyperlipidemia especially hypetriglyceridemia and free fatty acid.


This paper reported that the peroxidase-like activity of DNA–Ag/Pt nanoclusters (NCs) can be inhibited selectively by Hg2+. The interaction between Hg2+ and the DNA–Ag/Pt NCs was discussed through characterization by TEM, DLS and XPS, etc. It was found that the integration of both Hg0 and Hg2+ to the DNA–Ag/Pt NCs resulted in the DNA–Ag/Pt NCs aggregation and the decrease of Pt2+ content on the DNA–Ag/Pt NCs surface, which finally impaired their catalytic activity. Based on the above mechanism, a colorimetric detection for Hg2+ was developed with a detection limit (LOD) of 5.0 nM and a linear range from 10 nM to 200 nM. The method was highly selective toward Hg2+ over other common metal ions, low-cost and simple, which facilitated the application of detecting Hg2+ in tap water.


7576 Background: A prospective, multi-institution feasibility study for VATS lobectomy for small NSCLC has been reported. The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of VATS lobectomy for clinical stage IB or II NSCLC. Methods: VATS lobectomy is defined as an anatomic lobectomy using individual hilar dissection and complete lymph node(LN) dissection without rib spreading. Histologically proven clinical stage IB or II NSCLC less than 6 cm in size was eligible. Success is defined as VATS lobectomy without conversion. If success rate over 90%, VATS lobectomy is considered as feasible procedures. Secondary objectives are to evaluate the number of dissected LNs and the LN breakage, peri-operative variables, and the inflammatory mediators after VATS. As a control group, the data from forty patients who underwent lobectomy through open thoracotomy(OT) were prospectively collected. Results: This prospective phase II study enrolled 20 patients. Fourteen patients (70%) had clinical stage IB, 2 IIA, and fou...


Between March and May 2020, US states issued stay-at-home or quarantine orders for everyone not performing "essential services, " as defined by state. High-risk seniors, as defined by the Centers for Disease Control, were highly recommended to stay indoors and have no contact with anyone other than those with whom they live. Within my small social circle are five women, including myself, at high risk of severe complications if they should contract COVID-19 and four women who are or will be their caregivers. Their unique anecdotal information about social isolation and loneliness, as well as questions about their worth or value to society during a pandemic, offer insights into life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Their experiences also have been compared with the results of a few representative studies published prior to the COVID-19 pandemic regarding seniors' social isolation. © 2021 selection and editorial matter, J. Michael Ryan;individual chapters, the contributors.


ABSTRACT This article discusses horizontal wheat price transmission from international markets to the domestic Swiss market. The Swiss case is peculiar due to the presence of different border policies segmenting the domestic wheat market according to its use: food or feed. Vector Error Correction (VEC) models with structural breaks are estimated. They account for these policy instruments and their adaptation during periods of market exuberance, and acknowledge linkages between the two market segments. Estimation results suggest that the border policy regime isolates the domestic wheat market for feed use, while, in the food case, the domestic price still responds to international markets.


Supervisory Committee Dr. Steve Perlman, (Department of Biology) Supervisor Dr. Louise Page, (Department of Biology) Departmental Member Dr. Caroline Cameron, (Department of Biochemistry/Microbiology) Outside Member Recently, there has been growing awareness that many animals and plants harbour bacterial symbionts that help protect them against natural enemies. The mushroombreeding fly Drosophila neotestacea is commonly infected with a virulent parasitic nematode, Howardula aoronymphium. Infections are severe, reducing adult survival and mating success, and until recently virtually all females were rendered sterile. We have discovered that D. neotestacea harbours a strain of the bacterial symbiont Spiroplasma that restores fertility to nematode-parasitized female flies. Spiroplasma appears to be both increasing in frequency and spreading westward across N. America. My thesis examines associations between flies, nematodes and Spiroplasma in British Columbia, which appears to lie at the edge of the range of advancing Spiroplasma infections. I identified Spiroplasma-infected flies in British Columbia for the first time. Sequencing a number of Spiroplasma genes, as well as fly mitochondrial DNA, strongly suggests that the defensive symbiont is spreading westward. Furthermore, high nematode infection rates in BC, as well as laboratory experiments demonstrating the ability of Spiroplasma to restore fertility to nematode-parasitized BC flies, suggest that there is a strong selective pressure for Spiroplasma to continue to spread in BC. I also examined the generality of iv Spiroplasma-mediated defense by exposing flies to a gram-negative bacterial pathogen, Pectobacterium carotovorum. Exposure dramatically reduced survival regardless of Spiroplasma infection, suggesting that Spiroplasma does not defend against gramnegative bacteria.


This work makes two major contributions to architectural support for the debugging of memory related bugs. First, it proposes a novel framework for detecting memory related bugs, where the application can be selective, can be extended to kernel modules, and is based on the virtual memory simulation of the application in hand. Secondly, we have tried to formalize the code instrumentation given our framework. It has not been dealt in details in the earlier works. This will generate scopes for future research in this area and a better formalism can help to come up with a much more usable and robust tool for detecting memory related bugs.


Optical techniques for monitoring acoustic waves excited in thin films or micro-structures with ultrashort laser pulses are useful for the accurate and nondestructive evaluation as well as for the characterization of material properties. The pump-probe laser-based acoustic methods generate acoustic bulk waves in a thermo-elastic way by absorbing the pump laser pulses at the surface of the thin film. The acoustic waves are partly reflected at the interface of thin film and substrate. Back at the film surface the reflected acoustic wave causes a change of the optical reflection coefficient, which is measured by the probe laser pulse. One-dimensional, thermo-elastic models are developed to investigate the laser-based excitation and propagation of the longitudinal acoustic pulses in thin aluminium films. The change of the optical reflection coefficient is governed by the temperature distribution and the mechanical strain caused by the traveling acoustic pulse. The presented comparison of the simulation results of thin aluminium films with the pump-probe-measurements allows to determine film thickness or Young's modulus. Furthermore material properties like thermal conductivity and photoacoustic properties are estimated. The thermo-elastic modeling of the two-dimensional case and the resulting new possibility to use the pump-probe technique for the nondestructive evaluation of micro-structures is discussed. Further directions of the ongoing research project are presented.


PURPOSE: A multi-purpose washing apparatus containing a detergent is provided to jet tap water mixed with a detergent using the spouting pressure of tap water without electric energy. CONSTITUTION: A multi-purpose washing apparatus containing a detergent comprises a body(10), a jet nozzle unit(20), a flow pipe(30), a water pressure adjusting unit(40), and a water supply valve(50). The flow pipe is located in the rear of the jet nozzle unit and connects the jet nozzle unit to the water pressure adjusting unit to supply a detergent and water. The water pressure adjusting unit is located in the rear of the flow pipe and adjusts the spouting pressure of tap water, thereby controlling the amount of water fed with the detergent to the jet nozzle unit. The water supply valve is connected to the rear side of the water pressure adjusting unit and an end of a tap water valve to supply the tap water to the water pressure adjusting unit.


Is eating chocolate good for your patients' health or bad? Savor these slides for a concise summary of this favorite food's medicinal pros and cons.


At present,the Chinese version of instructions for western medicines is not equivalent to their original one in clinical use,which brings great inconvenience to physicians and patients.This paper is intended to explore methods and model of translating instructions for western medicines in clinical use on the basis of our translation practice and experience.It is hoped to contribute to standardizing the translation of western medicine instructions.


The soil moisture characteristics of 30a Pinus tabulaeformis plantation in south slope of Daqing-Mountains were studied.The results showed that(1) In 0~20cm layer,the soil moisture seasonal dynamics were similar to the change of rainfall amount,the peaks appeared in July.In 20~60cm layers,the soil moisture changed slightly and stayed on one level.(2)The vertical distribution of soil water could be divided into three layers,variable speed-layer,active-layer and relatively stable-layer.(3) The soil moisture decreased with the increment of the density in 0~60cm layer,it was not obvious in surface.


Since 1980s,the educational world had yielded the substantial results about the researches of Tang Dynasty's local products.More than thirty dissertations and four works are published.The research progress about some native products such as tea and liquor including their distribution,quality and function and tributing tea system in Tang Dynasty is especially rapid.


This concluding chapter calls for greater clarity and agreement on definitions and measurement practices concerning online child sexual victimisation (OCSV). First, there is a need for agreed definitions of OCSV that distinguish between normative childhood sexuality and sexual violence, both on- and offline. Second, research, policy, and practices must reflect that the child is only one element that requires protection. Taking a cybersecurity asset approach, the chapter emphasises the need for coordinated action to enhance and protect social goods, such as trust in technology, law enforcement resources, and fundamental rights. Finally, it recommends that guardianship responsibility is extended to children themselves and considers some of the technical tools that might assist their participation.


A mathematical model is presented to describe nonstoichiometric watersoluble polyelectrolyte complexes, and the predictions are compared with some experimental results. The theory is a mixture of Madelung's theory for ionic crystals and Manning's counterion condensation theory. The central parameters are the degree of complexation, φ, and the degree of counterion binding, θ. All other quantities are known in principle. It is found that there is a competition between complexation and counterion binding. When φ is large, θ is small, or vice versa. The degree of complexation, φ, depends sensibly on the concentration, c s , of the added low molecular salt, the polyanion chain length, N, and the dielectric constant, E, of the solvent. There exists a critical salt concentration, c s,c , at which the complexes salt out and where for c s > c s,c the complexes dissociate back into their single strands, the polyanions, and polycations. Further, φ is larger the smaller the polyanion length and the smaller the solvent dielectric constant are. To prove these predictions we have formed nonstoichiometric complexes between IONENE and PAA and IONENE and PMAA, respectively. The degree of complexation was determined by ultracentrifugation and checked by viscometry. The accord found between theory and experiment is both qualitatively as well quantitatively quite well.


At the present,the enblock model was used to simulate the hyperbolic cooling towers.In order to reflect more realistic mechanical characteristics of reinforced concrete in the process of explosive demolition,the separate element and common node model was established based on ANSYS/LS—DYNA software,the comparative analysis was also taken combining with engineering practice.The results show that the use of separate element and common node model can accurately reflect the total node twist-torsion deformation during cooling tower collapse tear-free process of collapse of the movement;the simulation results are very similar with the actual demolition process.So,the preview of the blasting with simulation with separate element and common node model can provide a reference for the optimization of the program.


The paper makes a reflection on the two different ways of modern development of Islamic countries and points out that the real modernization should be learn and draw lessons from the tradition.Only does the Islam make necessary self-adjustment,can it adapt to the progress of the modernization.


This article reports the study of mechanical properties of high chromium steel after N-ion implantation. The samples are implanted with 120keV N-ion at doses ranging from 1x10 18 ions/cm 2 to 4x10 18 ions/cm 2 . Mechanical properties of implanted samples are compared with those of Cr-plated samples. The compositions of the N-ion implanted layer were measured by Auger electrons spectroscopy(AES). Their mechanical properties as a function of N-ion doses were characterized by nano-indentation, sliding and impact wear tests.


dence of septic vasculitis and cutaneous involvement of ATLL. The skin lesions resolved with chemotherapy against ATLL and tazobactam/piperacillin; however, the patient died 3 months after her first visit due to progression of ATLL. Septic vasculitis/vasculopathy is a variant of small-vessel neutrophilic vasculitis with a wide spectrum of histological findings, ranging from thrombotic vasculopathy to authentic neutrophilic vasculitis attributable to various microbes. A Japanese nationwide study revealed that approximately 11% of 854 patients with ATLL had an active bacterial infection at diagnosis. While the most common clinical manifestations are purpura and petechiae, pustules were observed on our patient. Cutaneous involvement in ATLL is common. Although various types of skin eruption have been reported, pustule formation is rare. The cutaneous ATLL lesions were likely the result of septic vasculitis. Since endothelial cells express CCL17, a ligand of CCR4 that is highly expressed on ATLL cells, we suggest that ATLL cell migration may have been promoted via CCL17 released by damaged endothelial cells. To our knowledge, this is the first case of malignant lymphoma including ATLL manifesting as pustules. Further studies are required to elucidate the pathophysiology of this type of skin lesion.


In this paper, adaptive watermarking algorithm which based on fuzzy reasoning and hybrid scheme is presented. To enforce the time and space complexity, hybrid scheme which utilize a color information as well as visual characteristics is also addressed. Proposed approach have double-aim: in first to use the visual characteristics so as to enforce the robustness of watermarking, and in second to select the optimal sub-band which is to be embedded a watermark. One of the principal advantage is that this approach involved the fuzzy inference module which is designed to select an optimal sub-band from the DWT coefficient blocks. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed algorithm, some numerical experiments of robustness and imperceptibility are evaluated with respect to such attacks as JPEG compression, noise and cropping.


Objectives: To report and evaluate the functional outcome of plate fixation in comminuted olecranon fractures (Mayo types IIB and IIIB). Method: 16 patients with comminuted fractures of the olecranon presented to our unit, were operated on with a locking Olecranon plate. Main outcome measurements included radiographic healing, postoperative range of motion, complications, outcome score and patient satisfaction measured at 1 year follow up. Results: Our study included six females and ten males with a mean age of 48(18–67). Nine were Mayo type IIB and seven were Mayo type IIIB. Fourteen patients had no complications post-operatively with good outcomes with a mean oxford score of 44, full rotational ROM and mean flexion arc of 20-130 deg. Two patients had a range of motion between 40-90 deg with full rotational ROM and a mean oxford score of 28. No patients required hardware removal. No non-unions were noted in our series. Conclusion: Plate fixation of complex olecranon fracture is an effective, reliable method of treatment with a low risk of non-union. Restoration of a functional flexion arc of movement can be expected with use of correct technique and early post-op


The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role of oral health in frailty syndrome in older people. A total number of 135 older patients have been evaluated using Fried Frailty Scale and oral examination. A Fried Frailty Scale score of 2, representing pre-frailty, correlated (Pearson correlation coefficient r=+0.57, at a significance level 0.01) with the presence of oral cavity changes and it was influenced by age, a high degree of association was noticed between more than three oral cavity disorders and pre-frailty at a statistical significance level p<0.001 (Confidence Interval 99%, df=9). In conclusion, changes in the oral cavity could limit the ability of older people to follow a proper diet and could be a significant factor in favoring the occurrence of frailty syndrome in this age group through a complex effect.


Trends of reverzelfstandiging of the relations between the state and group interests in modern Russia are characterized for interaction between the authorities and business at the level of not only the elites, sectors of the economy, but also medium and small businesses, combined in various all-Russian Association. Among them one of the key roles played the all-Russian public organization "Business Russia", which activity was an important tendency of the development of effective cooperation between the state and business.


Increased plasma atrial natriuretic peptide levels accompany the expansion of effective plasma volume in diabetic patients. Atrial natriuretic peptide has a deleterious effect on the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy by increasing renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors decrease plasma atrial natriuretic peptide levels. We aimed to show the effect of losartan, a specific angiotensin II receptor antagonist, on plasma atrial natriuretic peptide levels in diabetic rat model. Thirty-six female, 10-week-old wistar rats were enrolled in the study. Diabetes was induced by 65 mg/kg streptozotocin in pH 4.5 sodium citrate buffer injection via intraperitoneal route. The rats did not receive any kind of antidiabetic treatment throughout the study period. Following the first month of diabetes induction, the rats were separated into two groups, the first group was treated with 10 mg/kg losartan via oro-gastric lavage and the second served as a diabetic control group. Following the second month of diabetes induction, including the one-month treatment period, atrial natriuretic peptide levels were studied in trasylol and EDTA treated plasma samples. Six healthy and age- matched rats were also studied as a healthy control group. Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide levels in diabetic untreated rats were not different from the healthy control group (104.6‐4.7 pg/ml vs. 100.7‐10.8 pg/ml, respectively ). In the losartan treated diabetic group, plasma atrial natriuretic peptide levels were significantly lower than the diabetic control group (93.2‐4.4 pg/ml, p<0.01 ), but not different from the healthy controls. As a result, treatment with angiotensin II receptor blockers decreases the plasma atrial natriuretic peptide levels in diabetic rats. A similar effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors had been shown previously. This finding may be explained by the inhibition of the renin-angiotensinaldosterone system leading to a reduction of effective plasma volume expansion.


This article challenges occupational therapists to extend their traditional practice in long term care settings for elderly people, in order to prevent the negative health outcomes associated with the transition into care. Failure to do so is identified as inconsistent with core occupational therapy beliefs and values, and with recent calls for occupational therapists to implement health promotion strategies. The health impact of moving into care is analyzed from an occupational perspective. The potential role of possessions in maintaining skills, and supporting self image, occupational roles, and valued occupations, is identified. Development of a health education program for prospective long term care residents, focusing around retention of possessions associated with valued occupations and occupational roles is suggested. Therapists are urged to review policies and rules regarding personal possessions and individualisation of environments, to decrease institutionalisation and enhance occupational perfo...


The boundedness of fractional integral operators with homogeneous kernel in weak type Hardy spaces is discussed when the kernel of the operators satisfies Dini condition.


By universal definition and consensus, information about psychotropic drugs prescribed and used as medicines rests on a highly specialized knowledge base, long seen as the legitimate if not exclusive province of medical experts. This expert knowledge base has, however, become highly contested, for three main reasons. First, to reach a "valid" understanding of drugs' effects, researchers have persistently muted the direct voice and speech of the patient in favor of a presumably more objective biomedical discourse [1]. Second, the blurring lines between pharmaceutical industry marketing and scientific activities, and the near monopoly of the industry over "scientific" knowledge production on psychotropic drugs has resulted, at a minimum, in serious publication biases and great uncertainty about drug efficacy and safety [2, 3]. Third, intermediaries through which officially legitimated drug information is filtered (including the FDA drug label, psychiatrists, and direct-to-consumer advertising) are losing credibility and relevance. In parallel, the Internet now allows researchers, clinicians, and consumers to review drug experiences and information from thousands of consumers without professional mediation, and presumably without pharmaceutical industry supervision over content. How these web-based sources contribute to or dilute the expert/scientific knowledge base, or how they constitute their own knowledge base, remains virtually unexplored.
Moreover, pharmaceutical companies looking for new opportunities to influence consumer behavior are keenly aware of the power of consumer forums to build trust, offer support, and encourage behavior [4]. This presentation will also review the possible extent and implications of drug representative infiltration into online consumer spaces.
Finally, "democratizing" the production of knowledge and consumers' broadened acceptance of what constitutes legitimate, trustworthy, or credible information results in a trans-disciplinary debate about the appropriate role of experts and non-experts in policy, media, science, and culture, as well as the true nature of what is being applauded as "democratization" [5]. Applied to the construction of knowledge about psychotropic drugs, the debate may be summarized by the following questions: Are increased pluralism and democracy in drug knowledge production and decision-making, along with increased transparency of such processes, the best means to build a knowledge base continually evolving toward the ideal of being "fully informed"? Or might they actually hinder both experts' and laypersons' understanding of the genuine effects of drugs, by diluting the knowledge base with ill-considered contributions? Answers to these questions will have broad implications for the future of clinical research methods, post-marketing drug surveillance, and treatment decision-makers (clinicians, third-party payers, and potential and actual consumers).
This presentation will review inadequacies in how scientific methods are applied in drug research to construct official drug knowledge, opportunities for knowledge construction within consumer-constructed online spaces, and emerging questions related to the authenticity and credibility of peer-produced, often anonymous contributions.

References

1. Jacobs D, Cohen D. What is really known about psychological alterations produced by psychiatric drugs? Intern J of Risk & Saf in Med 1999;12:37-47.
2. Ioannidis I, Lau J. Completeness of safety reporting in randomized trials: An evaluation of 7 medical areas. JAMA 2001;285:437-443.
3. Melander H, Ahlqvist-Rastad J, Meijer G, Beermann B. Evidence-b(i)ased medicine - selective reporting from studies sponsored by pharmaceutical industry: Review of studies in new drug applications. Br Med J 2003;326:1171-1173.
4. O'Neill A. The patient trust deficit in pharmaceutical marketing. DTC Perspectives 2007 Dec:12-16.
5. Keen A. The cult of the amateur: How today\'s internet is killing our culture. New York: Doubleday; 2007.
 Construction of Expertise in the Age of the Internet: Psychotropic Drug Knowledge in Consumer-Constructed Websites View SlideShare presentation or Upload your own. (tags: psychiatry health ) []


The discharge characteristics of cold cathode ionization gauges having a central wire electrode, were compared with those of the ordinary types of Philips gauge. As is stated ordinarily, two types of these gauges behaved similarly in the lower vacuum region.At the high vacuum, however, it has been observed that the discharge characteristics of the former type are different from the latter. The stability of the gauge was somewhat improved by using the central wire electrode.


In situ measurements of NO, NO2, O3, HO2, ClO, pressure, and temperature have been made at high solar zenith angles (SZA, 70°–93°) in the lower stratosphere. These measurements are used to derive the photolysis rate of NO2, JNO2, using a time‐dependent method. The resultant JNO2 values and the results of a multiple‐scattering actinic flux model show a linear relationship throughout the SZA range. The difference of the two sets of JNO2 values of about 11% suggests that the model scattering calculation is very accurate at high SZA conditions near sunrise and sunset.


To the world at large, John Scott Russell is known as the naval architect who designed The Great Eastern, a steamship larger than any built before. But long after the Great Eastern has been forgotten, Russell will be remembered by mathematicians as the man who, despite limited mathematical training and background, was the first person to recognize the highly important mathematical concept now called a soliton, or as he referred to it, The Great Wave of Translation. Here is the oft-quoted passage from [30] in which he describes how he first became acquainted with it.


Modern microcomputer technology is currently offering many advantages to decision makers in the support of their information processing needs. While microcomputers are now used in a variety of business functions as support tools, and as microcomputer users are becoming more self-sufficient in satisfying their information needs, college education and training in microcomputers has been limited to mainly introducing students to various software packages. The future business managers must be better equipped with a broader understanding of microcomputers and their potentials in a variety of managerial applications.


Media are devices and tools used by a teacher to improve the teaching and learning process. Canva is an online graphic design website and application that makes it easy for users to create attractive images or graphics. This research is a development research with 4D model which consists of four steps, namely; definition, design, development, and deployment. However, the researcher limits the development procedure in terms of assessing media based on experts in terms of media and teaching materials. The development procedure in this research is; the development needs analysis stage, namely the analysis of the needs of Arabic teachers and students, the 2013 curriculum, and student books. The results of the data obtained show a rating of "Excellent" in the sense that the development of this media is very much needed. Then the planning stage; starting from collecting vocabulary, downloading Canva, creating a Canva account, then submitting teaching materials to the Canva page. After you have finished creating your Canva learning media product, proceed to the development stage, namely; with expert verification, product modification and final production. The media validation results show a "Very Good" rating, which means that Canva can be used in vocabulary learning for seventh graders in State High Schools


Temperatures at ground nests of the Gray-head- tures at junco nests were generally higher by 6 to ed Junco, Lincoln's Sparrow, and White-crowned 9?C during the day and 2 to 3?C at night than at Sparrow in the Colorado subalpine were 5 to 22?C Lincoln's and White-crowned Sparrow nests. The warmer by day and 3 to 6?C cooler by night than effects of moisture, solar radiation, wind, slope, air temperatures at 2 m above ground. Tempera- and exposure on nest temperature are discussed.


The article describes the features of the image representation of the patient by doctors of various specialties (neurologists, psychiatrists and narcologists). The basic shape of their role positions in the interaction with patients – namely giperprotektion, functional co-operation, partnership and authoritarianism. The relationship between the patient's image of the character of the doctors, their role and position of the evaluation level and type of compliance of patients.


James Bay is the portion of Hudson Bay that lies south of an imaginary line drawn from Cape Henrietta Maria on the west to Cape Jones on the east; the bay lies between 510 and 550 north latitude. From the most southem point in Hannah Bay to the entrance of Hudson Bay proper the distance is roughly 300 miles and the average width of the bay is 145 miles. On the east coast of the Bay from the mouth of the Moose River to Rupert Bay the coast line is exceedingly flat and the gradient seaward is slight. According to Melvill, who surveyed the Bay in the interest of its fisheries (1915):


Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC) have well-documented modulatory effects on multiple immune cell types. Although these effects are linked to their therapeutic benefit in diverse diseases, a reliable, quantitative assay of the immunomodulatory potency of individual human MSC preparations is lacking. The aims of this study were to develop an optimised rapid turnaround, flow cytometry-based whole-blood assay to monitor MSC potency and to validate its application to MSC immunomodulation. A protocol for short-term LPS stimulation of anti-coagulated whole blood samples followed by combined surface CD45/CD14 and intracellular TNFstaining was initially developed for analysis on a 4 colour desktop cytometer. Optimal monocyte activation was dependent on the presence of extracellular calcium ions thereby precluding the use of EDTA and sodium citrate as anticoagulants. Optimal assay conditions proved to be 1 ng/mL ultrapure-LPS added to 10-fold diluted, heparin anti◦ low cytometry hole blood assay coagulated whole blood incubated for 6 h at 37 C. Under these conditions, addition of human bone marrow-derived MSC (hBM-MSC) from multiple donors resulted in a reproducible, dose-dependent inhibition of LPS-stimulated monocyte TNFexpression. We conclude that this protocol represents a practical, quantitative assay of a clinically relevant functional effect of hBM-MSCs as well as other immunomodulatory agents. © 2016 European Federation of Immunological Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


Background: Indonesia's oil reserves are running low at this time. Therefore it is necessary to explore alternative energy sources-source able to cover the energy needs in Indonesia. One potential alternative energy source is wind energy. Availability wind energy in Indonesia is relatively varied depend on the geographical position. The problems associated with wind turbines and overcome by applying the control system of wind turbine pitch angle. In this study Proportional integral control (PID) system implemented based Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) on a wind turbine blade pitch angle. With the control system at varieties wind speed, the turbine rotor angular velocity is expected to awake in the specified work area. PSO is a population-based modern heuristic algorithm inspired by the behavior of the animal herd movements such as bees. Of the performance test, the system shows that the wind turbine has a value of the coefficients of performance (Cp) on average by 0581. Best tuning results obtained PSO parameters Kp=0.4176 and Kd o= 0.1159 and the system has a standard deviation of 0.81.


Important modern color order systems accompanied by physical exemplifications (atlases) are surveyed; one of great historical interest, though not currently available, is included. The systems covered include the Munsell, Natural Color, OSA-UCS, DIN, Coloroid, and Ostwald systems. Their history, guiding principles, variables, and relation to the CIE system are described. Some of the interrelationships among the systems are then considered, specifically those between the Munsell system and the Natural Color and OSA-UCS systems. Implications for the consideration of international standard color order systems are mentioned.