The invention relates to a space teleoperation hand controller. The space teleoperation hand controller is used as a master hand controller of a space teleoperation device and other human-computer interactive devices. The space teleoperation hand controller is large in working space and suitable for control over a teleoperation mechanical arm. The space teleoperation hand controller can carry out rotation control and translation control on a space robot respectively and can also carry out rotation control and translation control on the space robot simultaneously, can complete any operation at six degrees of freedom in space and is flexible in control. The space teleoperation hand controller comprises a translation mechanism and a rotation mechanism. The translation mechanism comprises a base, a moving platform and three branched chains. The three branched chains are fixed to the base in an equilateral triangle shape. The rotation mechanism is located on the upper side of the base and is connected with the moving platform of the translation mechanism. The space teleoperation hand controller has the advantages that the space teleoperation hand controller is compact in structure, reasonable in configuration and free of singularity and increasing working space; translation and rotation are completely decoupled, and control difficulty and control cost are reduced; the motion inertia is small and the dynamic performance is good.


Trichomonas vaginalis was isolated from the tracheal aspirates of two premature newborns with early respiratory failure who were delivered vaginally by mothers with T. vaginalis infection. The babies were treated successfully with antiparasitic drugs.


As Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are increasingly being used to make consequential decisions that may critically impact individuals and many aspects of our society such as criminal justice, health care, education, and employment, there is a growing recognition that AI systems may perpetuate or, worse, exacerbate the unfairness of existing social systems. To tackle this problem, there has been a sharp recent focus on fair AI/ML research in the Machine Learning community. These efforts tend to focus on how to engineer fair AI models by (a) defining appropriate metrics of fairness and (b) designing new algorithms to mitigate bias and ensure fairness. It however frequently overlooks the messy, complex and ever changing contexts in which these systems are deployed. As AI fairness is a complex socio-technical issue which cannot be addressed by a purely technical solution, designing fair AI systems requires close collaboration across multiple disciplines to deeply integrate the social, historical, legal, and technical context and concerns in the design process. In this special issue on Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Fairness and Artificial Intelligence Systems, leading researchers from engineering, social science and humanities present their work on ethical considerations in developing fair AI systems specifically, and responsible socio-technical systems in general. We sought highquality contributions that integrate ideas from more than one field across the disciplines of technology, social science and the humanities. These papers will provide readers deep insights into the nature and complexity of AI biases, their manifestations in developing practical socio-technical systems and typical mitigation strategies. They also identify opportunities for the AI community to engage with the experts from the humanities. Safiya U. Noble and Sarah T. Roberts from UCLA seek to expand the conversations about socio-technical systems beyond individual, moral and ethical concerns. They believe that the field of "ethical AI" must contend with how it affects and is affected by power structures that encode systems of sexism, racism, and class. They advocate the need for independent research institutes, such as the UCLA Center for Critical Internet Inquiry (C2i2) to promote investigations into the politics, economics, and impacts of technological systems. Jennifer Keating from the University of Pittsburgh discusses the importance of incorporating ethical standards and responsible design features into the development of new technologies. Covid contact tracing was used as a case study to illustrate how rapidly developed tools can have unintended consequences if they are not carefully designed/monitored. She advocates that technologists should collaborate with experts from the humanities to integrate deeper cultural concerns and social/political context into technology development. Lisa Singh and her co-authors from Georgetown University overview the challenges associated with using social media data and the ethical considerations they create. They frame the ethical dilemmas within the context of data privacy and algorithmic fairness and show how and when different ethical concerns arise. Sebastian Schelter from University of Amsterdam and Julia Stoyanovich from NYU present a discussion on technical bias that arises in the data processing pipeline. A number of potential sources of bias during the preprocessing, model development and deployment phases of the ML development lifecycle are identified, with illustrative examples. They show how software support can help avoid these technical bias issues. The broader point of the work is to shed light on the challenge of bias introduced due to data engineering decisions, and to promote an emerging research direction on developing solutions to mitigate it. James Foulds and Shimei Pan from UMBC aim to shed light on whether parity-based metrics are valid measures of AI fairness. They consider the arguments both for and against parity-based fairness definitions and provide a set of guidelines on their use in different contexts. Finally, Jared Sylvester and Edward Raff from Booz Allen Hamilton argue that good-faith efforts toward implementing fairness in practical ML applications should be encouraged, even when the fairness interventions may not result from completely resolving thorny philosophical debates, as this represents progress over the (likely unfair) status quo. This viewpoint is discussed in several contexts: choosing the right fairness metric, solving trolley problems for self-driving cars, and selecting hyper-parameters for fair learning algorithms. James Foulds and Shimei Pan University of Maryland, Baltimore County


How has the end of the Cold War affected America's intelligence agencies? When are aggressive clandestine operations justifiable? Should the US engage in more aggressive economic espionage? These are a few of the issues examined in this study of strategic intelligence.


Coupled anaerobicaerobic granular bio-film reactor was employed to acclimatize the granules when treating actual coking wastewater. Two oxygenation methods (i.e. A and B) were employed. For method A, dissolved O2 was supplied to the reactor A (RA) through a continuous oxygenation way of 800-15000mlmin-1. And for method B, dissolved O2 of 800-15000mlmin-1 (18-12 times at 20-60min intervals, 1 h each time) was supplied to the reactor B (RB). The experimental results showed that it took only about 6 months for granules acclimation using actual coking wastewater. With inorganic carbon (NaHCO3) addition, both oxygenation methods could run well when acclimatizing the granules. However, method A could have comparatively high and stable operation effect. And the continuous oxygenation way was more suitable for the acclimation of the granules when treating actual coking wastewater than the intermittent oxygenation way.


This paper presents the biomechanical analysis and evaluation technology of musculoskeletal system by multi-body human dynamic model and 3-D motion capture data. First, medical image based geometric model and material properties of tissue were used to develop the human dynamic model and 3-D motion capture data based motion analysis techniques were develop to quantify the in-vivo joint kinematics, joint moment, joint force, and muscle force. Walking and push-up motion was investigated using the developed model. The present model and technologies would be useful to apply the biomechanical analysis and evaluation of human activities.


A new type alloy Mg_(2-x)M_xNi(x=0~0.5) is prepared by combustion synthesis through partial substitute for Mg with Al in Mg_2Ni.Results of XRD analysis show that the new phase Mg_3AlNi_2 is the main phase when Al content reaches 0.5 in molar ratio.It is indicated by electrochemical analysis that hydrogen storage performance is improved significantly by the introduction of the new phase,and the discharge capacity and cycle life of the new alloy are increased in somewhat.The mechanical ground(MG) alloy is easily activation,and the electrochemical capacity is greatly increased.


For more than 50 years rainfall simulators and wind tunnels are important tools for soil erosion studies in the field. Laboratory investigations in wind tunnels with the ability of simultaneous rainfall production showed that wind significantly alters drop sizes, drop fall velocities and impact angles of falling raindrops. Leading to higher kinetic energies and increased soil detachment in comparison to falling drops with no wind influence. In most simulators this combined effect of wind and water is either not taken into account or deliberately excluded from the system, because of increasing complexity of processes involved.


To look at other with new eyes. Luke-Acts on a theology of respect This article deals with the topic of a theology of respect from the perspective of Luke-Acts. Is respect earned or is it a given with being human? First the context within which Luke-Acts communicated is being described. It was a culture of holiness which created stark divisions within Jewish society where some were regarded as more respectable than others in the eyes of God. Luke-Acts' answer to this is to emphasize that God does not distinguish between people. Subsequently various categories of people are treated to show how this principle is being borne out by Luke-Acts:Gentiles, Samaritans, the poor, tax-collectors, women and sinners. The article closes with a few concluding remarks.


..................................................................................................................................... ii Dedication ................................................................................................................................. iii Acknowledgments ..................................................................................................................... iv Chapter 1: Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 Background, Context, History and Conceptual Framework for the Problem .................... 2 Statement of the Problem ................................................................................................ 4 Purpose of the Proposed Study ........................................................................................ 6 Research Questions ......................................................................................................... 7 Rationale, Relevance, and Significance of the Proposed Study ........................................ 8 Definition of Terms ......................................................................................................... 9 Assumptions, Delimitations, and Limitations ................................................................ 12 Summary....................................................................................................................... 14 Chapter 2: Literature Review .................................................................................................... 16 Conceptual Framework ................................................................................................. 20 Review of Research Literature and Methodological Literature ...................................... 25 Acculturation, heritage language, and second-generation Hispanic adolescents .. 25 Cultural integration ............................................................................................ 27 The heritage language, bilingualism, and biliteracy ............................................ 29 Review of Methodological Issues .................................................................................. 30 Quantitative studies and acculturation ................................................................ 30 Qualitative studies and acculturation .................................................................. 31 Quantitative vs. qualitative ................................................................................ 34


How can motivated thinking impact strategic information disclosure? We investigate this question by modelling a game of persuasion in which Receiver is a "wishful thinker" in the fashion of Caplin and Leahy (2019). Following reception of Sender's signal, Receiver optimally chooses its subjective belief by trading off the anticipatory utility she derives from being optimistic and the psychological cost of distorting beliefs. We derive the optimal correspondence between Bayesian and motivated belief and characterize conditions on primitives of the model that define whether the persuader is better or worse off when facing a wishful thinker vis-\`a-vis the Bayesian canonical model of Kamenica and Gentzkow (2011). We apply those results to explain some stylized facts such as why financial advisors often mislead their clients and why informational interventions are often inefficient in inducing more investment in preventive health treatments. Finally, we extend the model to a binary majority voting setting in which wishful voters hold heterogeneous partisan preferences. We show that, if voters' preferences are symmetrically distributed around the median voter, optimal public persuasion induces maximum belief polarization in the electorate. This formalizes a new mechanism for the emergence of polarization: as a byproduct of strategic information disclosure to wishful agents.


"Cloth" or woven-pattern transformers are very thin, and are anticipated to be useful in the MHz frequency region. We calculated the characteristics of cloth transformers using an equivalent circuit and taking account of stray capacitances. In order to improve the instrument's characteristics, the exciting reactance must be increased. The inductance per unit volume at a given driving frequency was calculated on the basis of simple assumptions. Analysis indicated that there exists a suitable ratio of the diameters of amorphous wire and copper wire.


The invention discloses a synthetic process of dicyclopentyldichlorosilane. According to the synthetic process, dicyclopentyldichlorosilane is synthesized from dimethoxydimethylsilane and dry hydrogen chloride gas. The synthetic process has the advantages that the conversion rate is high, and the selectivity is good; the condition is mild, and the process is simple; high temperature and high pressure are not required, and the facility request is low; no expensive catalyst is used, and the raw material cost is low; highly toxic chlorosilane is not produced, and the operation is relatively safe. Therefore, the synthetic process has superiority.


Compares the approximating ability of neural network and fuzzy neural network,from T-S FNSthe experimental data can conclude that T-S fuzzy neural network have good performance,can be applied to control request capacity in active self-allocating cluster server.


In this paper, we investigate crack extension behaviors for a linear elastic body with a parallel interacting crack at the neighborhood of the main crack tip. We compute the energy release rate for all the crack tips at the onset of a main crack kinking : E integral is path independent even for a path containing a kinking crack tip and/or the interacting crack tips ; however, for such cases, the well-known J-integral is not path independent. As a result, assuming the isotropy of fracture toughness of the body and judging from the criterion based on the energy release rate, we find that there exist the relative positions of the interacting crack which promote or interrupt the straight extension of the main crack and which make the main crack jump to an extension of an interacting crack.


The author talks about Black African writers who use the German language, but who have hardly been recognized so far. Their novels and poems are messages which remind us of African traditions and give an analysis of their often-difficult life in Germany.


Assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs) begin with spermatozoa processing, with the purpose to select the best spermatozoa for insemination. An appropriate semen analysis involves the evaluation of sperm concentration, motility and morphology. These parameters are still the mainstay in the assessment of male reproductive potentiality. The quality of semen sample influence directly the preparation method to perform. Different sperm separation approaches exist to maximize the yield of motile sperm. Sperm processing techniques should be gentle to avoid free radical formation. Moreover these procedures should prevent sperm damage, avoid non-physiological alterations, eliminate dead sperm and other cells or debris. The most common techniques used in andrology laboratories and ART programs are swimup, density gradient and simple washing. Generally, simple washing and swim-up procedures are favourite with good quality semen samples, whereas density gradient centrifugation is ideal with lower concentrated samples. Several efforts have been made to improve selection techniques. However methods recently proposed to further investigate the competence of spermatozoa are still not validated. To date, further randomized studies are needed before recommending these advanced sperm selection techniques in the clinical practice.


1 Graduate Research Assistant. 2* Assistant Professor, Member ASME, and Corresponding Author, 329 Leonhard Building, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802. Email: email@example.com. Phone/fax: (814) 863-7136/4745. ABSTRACT Many companies find it difficult to maintain commonality and economies of scale in products with strict customer design requirements that may vary greatly from contract-to-contract or piece-to-piece. These strict and varied requirements typically result in highly customized products that are costly to manufacture, involve small production runs, and require long delivery times. In this paper we discuss how the strategic incorporation of product platforms into the design process can leverage the design effort of individually customized products. The example involves the design of cross-sections for yokes used to mount valve actuators in the nuclear power industry. Through this example we demonstrate the process of creating a market segmentation grid, choosing a targeted segment, creating a product platform for the yoke cross-section, and subsequently defining the yoke product family. Reducing the number of yoke patterns when manufacturing yoke castings will generate the most significant savings since the proposed modular architecture for pattern construction reduces the number of new yoke patterns. Implementation of the yoke platforms will also reduce design cycle time and costs, shorten quotation and lead times, and improve overall customer satisfaction and good will. The end result is a product platform design process that will improve response to customer requests, reduce design cost, and improve time to market for companies that make small production runs of highly customized products.


Studies on Quality of Work Life (QWL) have been standing out in recent years by organizations and the general concern with well-being. This study aimed to identify how professionals in a public institution perceive QWL and how they are affected within the organizational context, and to verify if the Walton (1973) model is adequate to evaluate the perception of QWL. This was a descriptive study that combined a quantitative step (n=337) with a qualitative step (n=31). Quantitative data were statistically analyzed, while qualitative data were treated by means of content analysis. The quantitative analysis of the data showed that there was no total understanding of the respondents about the questions on QWL. This nonconformity can be explained by the fact that Walton's (1973) scale, which is widely used in several QWL studies, measures only opinion, not perception.


tives. For this reason this book is an excellent compliment to texts that provide a richer historical descriptions and longer-term overviews of the recovery process. It will undoubtedly be of particular interest to those already familiar with post-Katrina literature, and the brief list of policy measures that should be enacted to improve disaster response in the future (p.133) will be of use to policy makers and planners. Above all My Storm provides a human story of recovery – not from the point of view of the suffering and displaced residents but from the perspective of the man who faced his own storms to lay the foundations for others on the long road to recovery.


AB2O4-type binary-transition metal oxides (BTMOs) of CuCo2O4 and MnCo2O4 were successfully prepared on ordered macroporous electrode plates (OMEP) for supercapacitors. Under the current density of 5 mA cm−2, the CuCo2O4/OMEP electrode achieved a specific capacitance of 1199 F g−1. The asymmetric supercapacitor device prepared using CuCo2O4/OMEP as the positive electrode and carbon-based materials as the negative electrode (CuCo2O4/OMEP//AC) achieved the power density of 14.58 kW kg−1 under the energy density of 11.7 Wh kg−1. After 10,000 GCD cycles, the loss capacitance of CuCo2O4/OMEP//AC is only 7.5% (the retention is 92.5%). The MnCo2O4/OMEP electrode shows the specific and area capacitance of 843 F g−1 and 5.39 F cm−2 at 5 mA cm−2. The MnCo2O4/OMEP-based supercapacitor device (MnCo2O4/OMEP//AC) has a power density of 8.33 kW kg−1 under the energy density of 11.6 Wh kg−1 and the cycle stability was 90.2% after 10,000 cycles. The excellent power density and cycle stability prove that the prepared hybrid supercapacitor fabricated under silicon process has a good prospect as the power buffer device for solar cells.


Optimization design of lighting is very important for optimization design of energy-saving sunlight greenhouse structure,and it is the most cost-effective means to improve greenhouse environmental performance.In this paper,the sunken-type energy-saving sunlight greenhouse with 10-m span in Shouguang City was taken for example.The front roof angle within reasonable lighting time of sunken-type energy-saving sunlight greenhouse in northern China was calculated and analyzed in theory.Using the principle of calculating line shadow,the feasible sink depth of sunken energy-saving sunlight greenhouse in north China were put forward through calculating the indoor shaded regions of the greenhouse formed by the front sunken wall at different times of the day.It could provide theoretical basis and technical parameters for the current design and construction of sunken energy-saving sunlight greenhouse.


By means of the molecular dynamic simulation technique, pair distribution functions of liquid Ni 50 Al 50 during different cooling and temperature have been simulated. EAM was used as many body interaction. The finding indicates that EAM can describe the liquid system of Ni 50 Al 50 well; molten Ni 50 Al 50 will form the crystal with the relatively solw cooling rate, and the glass transition of Ni 50 Al 50 will be performed with relatively rapid cooling rate. The thermodynamics and kinetics of structure transition of Ni 50 Al 50 during cooling processes have been performed; the crystal growth of Ni 50 Al 50 has been studied using crystal liquid configuration method lastly.


This study uses a qualitative method. To collect data the researcher used interview techniques, direct field observation, documentation and questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman methods, namely data reduction, display data, and verifying. While testing the validity of the data include credibility test, transferability testing, dependentbility testing and konfirmability testing. The results showed that at Taman Muda Ibu Pawiyatan Yogyakarta Primary School (1). Student interest in learning dance is supported on a variety of things: the situation of students who are already generally follow arts activities outside school, dance lessons is an intrakulikuler lesson, the learning process is being held at the open room gives a very good effect. (2). How teachers implement instructional dance is the main thing in student interest in learning dance, in addition to teachers provide interesting material for study by students, teachers also use the "Among" systems wich engage students to learn, with the fun atmosphere. (3) Constraints faced by teachers in dance learning in this case the medium of teaching such as audio media are not yet using the digital system. Location in teaching and learning of the dance lessons impact on the level of the students concentration. Selection of appropriate materials become an obstacle in the classroom because this is an inclusive school. Keywords : interest in learning, lessons, dance, Primary School


In the geogrids reinforced soil structure field test,availably convert the measure strain to tensile stress is very important.This can help to analyze the mechanism of action accurately.Through the indoor tests,the tensile properties of three HDPE geogrids with different strain rates are studied in this paper.It is concluded that the tensile strength and tensile modulus will decrease with the decrease of tensile rate;and the peak strain decreases with the decrease of the tensile rate.The strain rate will have smaller influence on the higher strength geogrids.In the specifical tensile rate,The tensile strength corresponding to 2%,5%,10% and peak strain increase in turn,the tensile modulus reducing in turn.


Concepts drawn from an organismic philosophy can provide an integrative framework for bridging certain differences between communication as science and rhetoric as art. Key concepts such as process, pattern, empathy and paradox emerge as methods of observation in both art and science, rhetoric and communication.


The microstructure characteristics, microhardness and adhesion strength of TiN/C3N4 coatings prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering were systematically investigated. The cross section fracture surface was observed and analyzed by SEM. The results showed that the fracture of the coatings was smooth and brittle, the combination with the substrate high spead steel (HSS) was tight, which indicated that microhardness and adhesion strength of the coatings are high enough to meet the need of cuttingtool. The mechanism of the formation of the microstructure is also discussed elementarily.


STUDIES on patients who have survived total gastrectomy for three years or more are few, and contradictory results are reported. For this reason and since total gastrectomy is being practiced with rapidly increasing frequency, we have studied intestinal motor function, intestinal absorption, pancreatic function and the blood picture in 3 patients who have survived total gastrectomy for three, five and ten years, respectively.¶ Case Reports Case 1. E. O., a 58-year-old woman, was admitted to the hospital with a history of anorexia, weight loss and vomiting of 3 years' duration. A total gastrectomy with enteroenterostomy was performed on May 28, . . .


This index of the book Justification by faith: the origin and development of a Central Pauline Theme presents a list of passages cited from Ancient Literature and supplements to Novum Testamentum. The book surveys a number of interpreters of Paul from William Wrede through E.P. Sanders. In an attempt to overcome the deficiencies of earlier proposals, the work then explores the soteriology of two early Jewish writings proximate to Paul, 1QS and Pss. Sol. Paul's references to his preconversion life reveal a connection between these forms of Judaism and that which Paul knew, making it likely that within a short time after his conversion Paul's soteriology underwent a radical change involving his adoption of ideas inherent to his later arguments on "justification by faith".Keywords: Central Pauline Theme; Judaism; justification by faith; Paul's soteriology


Applying three-dimensional (3D) printing technology to a geoscience classroom provides an alternative way to teach students. This brief report describes an educational innovation for the geoscience classroom by 3D printing technology to develop structural interpretation skill in high education level in Thailand. In comparison to traditional classrooms, this teaching method enables students to more easily comprehend how geological structures and features occur in nature through a project-based learning in seismic interpretation course. 3D printing models are constructed based on student interpretation through three different software packages. The observations in this study indicate that the ability to create the 3D models based on digital seismic data can enhance structural interpretation skill of students. The benefit of freely orientating and viewing in different angles of the 3D models leads to a construction of cognitive abstract space and spatial visualization ability. Therefore, 3D printing technology plays an important role in changing and developing the geoscience education system in Thailand at present and in the future. This teaching method could potentially benefit any science classroom and have applications in other disciplines requiring similar skill.


"Objective – This research is a direct observation of initial queuing, using data that is categorised into two clusters: the number of people queuing at busy hours, and processing times in the same circumstances. Methodology/Technique – The raw data was converted for use in the Poisson distribution test, as well as the Kolmogorov-Smirnov exponential distribution options. An arena simulation model was also applied to identify the vendor's waiting time and to analyse receiving yard utilization. The average waiting time according to the Poisson distribution, the average serving time per vendor by an exponential distribution, and the number of receiving yards, are all essential factors effecting the utilization of receiving yards. Findings – The study compares the length of queues, serving times, arrival rate, and time in the system using dual and single receiving yard systems. However, the utilization rate on a two receiving yards system is less than the rate on single receiving yard system. As the aim of this study is to identify the utilization rate of the receiving yard, a single receiving yard operation is more representative of modern hypermarkets, and more efficient in terms of resource efficiency. Novelty – This study depends fully on the homogeneous operating hours of the retailers' receiving yards, the type of vehicle used by vendors to unload merchandises, procedures on moving the products to the inspections phase, a generalization of the products delivered by the vendors and the size of the modern hypermarkets business itself. "


This paper presents the design of a self-clocked 12-bit non-binary fully differential SAR-ADC using the SKY130 open-source PDK. The entire mixed-signal circuit design and layout were created with free and open-source software. The ADC reaches a sample rate of up to 1. 44MS/s at 1. 8V supply while consuming 703 $\mu$W of power on a small 0.175m$\mathrm{m}^{2}$ area. A configurable decimation filter can increase the ADC resolution up to 16 bits while using an oversampling factor of 256. A 9-bit thermometer-coded and 3-bit binary-coded DAC matrix using a 448 aF waffle-capacitor results in a total capacitance of 1.83pF per input. Realizations of configurable analog functions using the form factor of SKY130 high-density standard cells allow the parametrization of an analog circuit in a hardware description language and hardening of the macro in an intentionally digital workflow.


Dr Hean has expertise in interprofessional education and collaborative practice with a particular interest in developing theory in this field. She is an educational researcher by background with a keen interest in interprofessional working and learning at the interface of criminal justice and mental health systems.


Objective To investigate the relationship between fetus weight and weight gain during pregnancy and diet composition of pregnant women with normal sugar tolerance.Methods We reviewed the characteristics of pregnant women who beared macrosomia with normal sugar tolerance,try to find the relationship between fetal macrosomia and pregnant women's activity,diet composition and weight gain during pregnancy.Results Free of work,less activity and high protein and fat diet during pregnancy were associated with fetal macrosomial.Conclusion Give pregnant women individual diet guidance and proper activity to restrict body weight gain during pregnancy can reduce the incidence of fetal macrosomia.


Due to recent developments of low-cost image sensors and high-performance embedded processing hardware, future cars and automotive systems will increasingly use binocular stereo vision for environmental perception. However, research and development in stereo vision is still ongoing since there are many challenges unsolved. In this paper, we propose a fast and accurate stereo matching algorithm, designed for automotive applications. It convincingly handles real-world scenes containing complex, textureless, and slanted surfaces. To achieve that, we propose an improved PatchMatch stereo algorithm that combines a census-based cost function with Semi-Global Matching optimization integrated in a cross-scale fusion processing scheme. To further accelerate the algorithm, we propose a novel enhancement approach for PatchMatch-based approximation which allows us to skip the random search or at least significantly reduce the number of iterations. Our method is ranked in the upper third of the KITTI benchmark and among the top performers in terms of processing time.


Purpose
This paper aims to provide and meta-analytically investigate a theoretical framework of work–nonwork conflict and its antecedents and outcomes in hospitality management.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper adopts the psychometric meta-analytical methods and meta-structural equation modeling methods to synthesize the relationships between work-to-nonwork conflict (WNC) and nonwork-to-work conflict (NWC) and its antecedents and outcomes.

Findings
WNC and NWC are found to be correlated with antecedents including social support; positive affectivity and negative affectivity; work characteristics; and outcomes including job-related well-being, life-related well-being, burnout, performance and turnover intentions.

Originality/value
This paper is the very first meta-analysis in International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. It is also the first meta-analysis on the relationship between overall work–nonwork conflict and its antecedents and outcomes in hospitality and tourism.


High-order harmonic generation (HHG) by hydrogenlike atoms/ions in the uniform periodic electric field, formed by the two linearly polarized counterpropagating laser beams of relativistic intensities, is studied. The relativistic quantum theory of HHG in such fields, at which the impeding factor of relativistic magnetic drift of a strong wave can be eliminated, is presented arising from the Dirac equation. Specifically, a scheme of HHG in underdense plasma with the copropagating ultraintense laser and fast ion beams is proposed.


Recent observations by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) have paved the way for the observational detection of PeVatrons in the Milky Way, thus revolutionizing the field of γ-ray astrophysics. In this paper, we study one such detected source, LHAASO J1908+0621, and explore the origin of multi-TeV γ-ray emission from this source. A middle-aged radio supernova remnant SNR G40.5–0.5 and a GeV pulsar PSR J1907+0602 are cospatial with LHAASO J1908+0621. Dense molecular clouds are also found to be associated with SNR G40.5–0.5. We explain the multi-TeV γ-ray emission observed from the direction of LHAASO J1908+0621, by the hadronic interaction between accelerated protons that escaped from the SNR shock front and cold protons present inside the dense molecular clouds, and the leptonic emission from the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) associated with the pulsar J1907+0602. Moreover, we explain lower energy γ-ray emission by considering the radiative cooling of the electrons that escaped from SNR G40.5–0.5. Finally, the combined lepto-hadronic scenario was used to explain the multiwavelength spectral energy distribution of LHAASO J1908+0621. Although not yet significant, an IceCube hotspot of neutrino emission is spatially associated with LHAASO J1908+0621, indicating a possible hadronic contribution. In this paper, we show that if a hadronic component is present in LHAASO J1908+0621, then the second-generation IceCube observatory will detect neutrinos from this source.


Tissue macrophages, including microglia, are notoriously resistant to genetic manipulation. Here, we report the creation of Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) variants that efficiently and widely transduce microglia and tissue macrophages in vivo following intravenous delivery, with transgene expression of up to 80%. We use this technology to demonstrate manipulation of microglia gene expression and microglial ablation, thereby providing invaluable research tools for the study of these important cells.


This report provides strategies to significantly increase transit's share of total advertising expenditures. The report describes advertising decision makers' perceptions about transit advertising products (current and future products) and includes a strategic responsive communications plan and recommendations to improve those perceptions and increase transit revenue. This report will be helpful to transit agencies, transit marketers, transit advertising sales organizations, media planners, media buyers, and advertisers.


Fly ash(FA) was modified by hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium(HDTMA) and the modified fly ash(MFA) was used to adsorb acid scarlet dye.The influence of pH,modified fly ash dosage and stirring time on decolorization of acid scarlet wastewater was investigated.The results show that when volume of 50 mg/L acid scarlet wastewater is 50 mL,the maximum decolorization rate can reach 98% under the optimal conditions as follows:pH value of 2,stirring time 90 min and MFA dosage 0.4 g.The adsorption isotherms can be described by Langmuir isotherms.Specific surface areas of FA and MFA were critically examined,FA and MFA were characterized by SEM.The results show that the specific surface area of MFA is bigger than that of FA,which can improve adsorptive capability.


The invention discloses a hot pot seasoning. The hot pot seasoning is characterized by comprising the following ingredients: 500-600 parts of vegetable oil, 30-50 parts of old ginger, 20-30 parts of garlic, 50-80 parts of chili peppers, 10-20 parts of Chinese prickly ash, 10-15 parts of fennel, 5-10 parts of star anise, 10-15 parts of dried longan fruits, 10-15 parts of dried orange peel, 5-10 parts of clove, 5-10 parts of laurel leaves, 10-15 parts of white fungi, 50-80 parts of white granulated sugar, 100-150 parts of edible salt, 150-200 parts of fermented glutinous rice juice, 80-120 partsof tomatoes, 95-110 parts of artificial bacteria, and 85-95 parts of coriander. The invention has the following advantages: the hot pot seasoning has the characteristics of mellow aroma and pure taste, and is capable of satisfying demands of people for delicious foods in the sense of smell and taste; and a plurality of raw materials which are used as both medicines and foods are adopted in rational matches so that the hot pot seasoning has the warm-supplementing and body-strengthening medicinal nourishing values of enhancing immunity regulation, stimulating appetite, invigorating the spleen,moistening the lungs, reducing phlegm, beautifying, preserving health and so on; moreover, the hot pot seasoning is refreshing and aromatic in flavor.


The paper considers the axiological and philosophical background of sustainable development. It is a philosophy of pragmatism. Therefore, sustainable development does not transgress utilitarian values. A paradigm of a hu-man being for it is homo faber. The shortcomings of such a philosophical background are considered. It is claimed that sustainable development supported by pragmatism is not able to constitute a new order.


Preference shares have received a variety of innovations to allow its usage according to the Shariah framework. Among the innovations is the application of tanazul. However, tanazul has sparked controversy following the inherent Shariah issues in the current practice. This article aims to propose suitable shariah parameters for conditional hibah products to be structured in preference shares. This article is a qualitative study, which used the content analysis approach. The findings showed that the Shariah parameters for conditional hibah to be structured in preference shares are: conditional hibah cannot be used for purposes that are conflicting with the Shariah, the preparation of the two contracts of conditional hibah must be done separately, the specified conditions must be the recognized ones and their implementation is feasible, conditional hibah must be based on partners' agreement, the sighah in the first contract must demonstrate elements of promise and binding nature in the future, and the profit determination is in ratio or percentage not in a fixed amount. Therefore, relevant parties should comply with the stipulated Shariah parameters when offering preference share products to Muslim investors. This action can increase the confidence of Muslim investors in the products and indirectly will increase the reputation of the Islamic capital market. This study is critical in order to ensure the Islamic preference shares can compete with the common preference shares. Hence, the construction of specific Shariah parameters for conditional hibah to be structured in preference shares is vital for progressive and more effective implementation that complies with the Shariah requirement.


Abstract The concept of state has a specific importance for Turkish-political culture. However, the influence of textbooks in constructing the state concept in Turkish culture from Ottoman to modern Turkish Republic has not been adequately researched. In this paper, the relation between the state perception in Turkish culture and textbooks from Ottoman to the early Republic is analyzed by employing the theories of Gramsci, Althusser and Foucault. As suggested by Gramsci, Althusser and Foucault, there is strong relationship between education and political power and reproduction and redistribution of knowledge. Moving from this point, present study also argues that the changes in state perception in textbooks should be analyzed in terms of sociological changes in the late Ottoman and the early Republican period. While justice (adalet) has been an important component of Turkish-Islamic political culture, sultan was the key element of the administration of law. Sultan was also a determining concept of Ottoman political culture and responsible for administering justice. As the new emerging elites attempted to change traditional state perception after the Tanzimat, the textbooks written under the rule of Abdulhamit II and Union and Progress Party (Ittihat ve Terakki Partisi) reflect the political and social change of the Empire. As state gained further prominence in the early republican period, another concept entered into the Turkish political discourse: democracy. It is possible to trace such changes in textbooks. Key Words State, Ottoman-Turkish Political Culture, Political Sociology, Education, Hegemony, Textbooks. The importance of textbooks as an academic research field has increased in recent years. For example, Schulbuchforschung (textbook research) has been an independent field in Germany for decades (Copeaux, 2006, p. 14). State has been considered as a sublime entity both in popular usage and official papers by the vast majority of Turkish people (Ozbudun, 2000, p. 192). Especially in the field of political sciences, there are many researches studies that have underlined this point (see; Akarli, 1975; Barchard, 1976). For many of them, ascribing to state a sublime character, which, they argue, lies at the core of the deficiencies of Turkish democracy. Main object of this study is to contribute both to the wider theoretical discussion about the relationship between political power and education based on the theories of the work of Gramsci and Althusser, and to the more specific discussion about state in Turkish political culture by analyzing the textbook from the late Ottoman to the early Republican period. The second purpose of the study is to show the reflections of the sociological changes at the perception of state in the textbooks of these periods. In order to realize these aims, two different kinds of primary sources will be analyzed. Firstly, the tradition of Nasihatname (Advice Letters) and Siyasetname (Political Letters) is to be evaluated. Then the definitions of the state in the textbooks of the periods of Abdulhamid II, Union and Progress and early Republic areas to be discussed in terms of the relation between power and education. Education and Power Every educational system aims at legitimizing some values by using symbols and ideologies (Inal, 2004, p. 55). The concept of ideology, if defined in general terms, implies thoughts, symbols and meanings related to social life (Parlak, 2005, p. 23). The legitimizing function of ideology is not a modern phenomenon. As pointed by Turan (1977, p. 34), an important function of political culture in Europe in the Middle Age and also in the Ottoman Empire was to legitimize the power. However, ideological character and function of education became more visible and important in modern times. Likewise, after the proclamation of the Tanzimat, education became an important ideological tool for the ruling elite in the Ottoman Empire. …


High voltage charge/discharge characteristics of cathode material Li(Li0.08Ni0.34Co0.08Mn0.5)O2 are not fully understood yet. The correlated properties between structure and capacity are investigated by XRD, ICP-OES, and cyclic voltammetry. Compound structures of Li(Li0.08Ni0.34Co0.08Mn0.5)O2, C2/m monoclinic phase or R-3m hexagonal phase depending on preparation condition, can be identified by Rietveld refinement. The results of ICP-OES show structure stability during charge/discharge process. Oxidation potential above 4.6 V in cyclic voltammetry displays an irreversible behavior which may cause capacity fading. The purpose of surface treatment with Al2O3 and Pullulan is to avoid the direct contact between cathode material and electrolyte. It may eliminate side reactions and improve structure stability in high voltage charge/discharge process.


The evidence for a birth order factor in schizophrenia is reviewed, and a paradoxical situation is revealed. Previous conclusions pointing to an over-representation of early born from small families and late born from large are confused by the report of a large sample of psychiatric patients by Hare and Price. This showed that similar distortions in birth order distribution occur in the non-schizophrenic patients to a greater extent than in the schizophrenic patients.

An attempt is made to resolve this paradox. The reported distortions are assumed to be a feature of the general population. It is then hypothesized that they are diminished in the schizophrenic sample by a secondary over representation of another intermediate birth position. Evidence is given for a specific over-representation of the last-but-one position in schizophrenic samples.


The purpose of this study was to develop new FSS based microwave absorber designs to minimise the physical thickness, increase the bandwidth and provide radar backscatter suppression that is independent of the wave polarization at large incident angles. A new low cost, accurate and rapid printing technique is employed to pattern the periodic arrays with the precise surface resistance required for each of the FSS elements to optimize the performance of this class of absorber.
The electromagnetic behaviour of five new FSS based structures, two stand-alone arrays, and three absorber arrangements, have been studied using CST Microwave Studio software. The FSS structures consist of two closely spaced arrays of rings with the conductor split at one or two locations to provide independent control of the resonances. By careful design these are shown to exhibit coincident spectral transmission responses in the TE and TM plane. Based on this design methodology, a very thin 4-layer metal backed resistively loaded rectangular loop FSS absorber which works from 0° - 22.5° is shown to give a wide band performance that is independent of the orientation of the impinging signals. To reduce the manufacturing complexity, a single layer FSS absorber which operates at 45° incidence has been designed to give a polarisation independent performance by employing an array of rectangular split loops with discrete pairs of resistive elements of unequal value inserted at the midpoint of the four sides. A major increase in bandwidth is obtained from a single layer FSS absorber which is composed of an array of nested hexagonal loops. Moreover the use of the same surface resistance for all four elements in the unit cell is shown to significantly simplify the construction of the structure which was designed to provide radar cloaking from 0° to 45° incidence. A new manufacturing strategy is presented, where the required surface resistances are obtained by employing an ink-jet printer to simultaneously pattern the FSS elements on the substrate and digitally control the dot density of the nano silver ink and aqueous vehicle mixture. Bi static measurements of the radar backscatter are shown to be in good agreement with the numerical simulations for all three FSS microwave absorber designs.


Adverse childhood experiences, or ACEs, a term coined by Drs. Vincent Felitti and Robert Anda, is used to describe traumatic events that occur during a child's life. During the mid-1980s, Dr. Felitti was employed as a specialist in preventative medicine at Kaiser Permanente in San Diego, California (Anda & Felitti, 2003). During this time, he was assisting obese adults with weight loss through the Positive Choice program. He was perplexed that persons who were successfully losing weight were also most likely to drop out of the program. Upon further investigation, Dr. Felitti discovered that many of these patients reported abuse during their childhoods and were likely using obesity as a defense against further unwanted sexual attention or physical aggression. His clients also reported excessive use of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs (Anda & Felitti, 2003).


Introduction: The Spatial Impact of Migration 1. Defining and Measuring Migration 2. Constrasting Conceptual Approaches in Migration Research 3. Migration and Employment 4. Migration and the Life-course 5. Migration and the Quality of Life 6. Migration and Social Engineering 7. Forced Migration 8. Migration and Culture: Some Illustrations


In our study we tried to include creation story arisen in Germanic mythology. Even though mythologic stories are developed in various societies and cultures, it is clear that they are affected by one another. Trying to give information associated with mythology that provides inspiration for art and literary works shortly, we aimed to address myth of creation in Germanic mythology which appears in every culture.In the continuation of the legend saying "There is Ginnungagap id est abyss initially." creation of titans, and then gods and goddesses were ranked and the life tree called "Yggdrasil" constituted the nine universes of Germanic myth. The sea, stone, mountain etc. were all created from every limb of Ymir's body, the first living being, giant. The study, at the same time, attempts to give information about gods and goddesses in Germanic Mythology. We also examined some signs such as Ragnarok that will be seen during the war named twilight of Gods, eschaton or domesday.


The remaining chapters elaborate this central argument by looking at other key spheres of American cultural influence. The chapter about music traces the growing popularity of jazz and the mainstreaming of rock music during the 1960s, examining the influential role of both the US State Department and the American Embassy in Belgrade as well as the numerous domestic musicians, record labels, broadcast media and professional associations. This is followed by a chapter that explores the influence of American elite culture, including abstract expressionism, pop art and avant-garde theatre. Just as in the chapter on film, Vučetić examines the contradictions of Yugoslav cultural policy in this realm, pointing to the tensions between the Yugoslav acceptance of western cultural forms and its insistence on socialist substance: 'As far as form is concerned, everything was allowed, from abstract art, pop-art and op-art, to spitting at the audience, concerts on pianos that were deliberately out of tune, and nudity on stage, yet when it came to substance, the ideology of brotherhood and unity, communist dogmas, the working class and self-management were untouchable and defended by all means' (pp. 303–304). The last substantive chapter then turns to the issue of American influence in the context of everyday life, covering a variety of topics and cultural forms ranging from cartoons, fashion, TV series and popular literature to the proliferation of consumer products and consumerism more generally. While raising several pertinent points, this chapter is probably the least satisfactory and least coherent of all. This is largely due to its broad scope – arguably, each of the topics covered would deserve a chapter, if not a book, of its own – but also because changes in the realm of everyday life call for an analytical treatment that extends well beyond the politics/culture relationship into the realm of broader social, economic and even demographic trends. Vučetić is of course aware of this and seeks to complement her analysis with brief general overviews of, for instance, the economic reforms and the steady growth of living standards in the 1960s, yet these are not sufficiently clearly integrated with the analytical concerns that govern the rest of the book. Regardless of these weaknesses, however, Vučetić's study undoubtedly represents a remarkable achievement that will hopefully inspire further work on these important and still little known aspects of European cultural and media history.


Single crystals of two acylthiourea derivatives, namely N-((4-methoxyphenyl) carbamothioyl) cyclohexanecarboxamide (1) and N-(dibenzylcarbamothioyl) cyclohexane carboxamide (2), have been carried out using X-ray diffraction methods. The acylthiourea group in both the derivatives adopts an extended conformation. Docking studies demonstrate that acylthiourea derivatives can bind to mycobacterium tuberculosis DprE1 enzyme and to evaluate whether these molecules can be used as potential inhibitor for tuberculosis (TB) infectious diseases.


The hydrolysis of aryl hydrogen malonates is subject to intramolecular general base catalysis by the ionised carboxyl group; general base catalysis of the hydrolysis of the p-nitrophenyl ester shows unexpectedly complex kinetics, and appears to involve a ketene mechanism.


In this paper a general formula was derived for semiconductor resistivity measurements, in which four probes may be set in any positions. From this formula, we have obtained a general expression for calculating the probe-wander error; and the transverse probe-wander as well as the longitudinal probe-wander error have been considered simultaneously. So, we can evaluate the probe-wander errores of linear probes and square probes. In addition, we have derived the probe-wander error in sheet specimens measurements with these two kinds of probes. Theory has indicated that the probe-wander error cannot be ignored in an accurate measurement. Lastly, we have discussed the methods of eliminating or decreasing the probe-wander error.


In this paper, PIDA (proportional, integral, derivative, acceleration) for high order system control is simulated. The PIDA controller design is suggested by Jung and Dorf and Shunju Manabe. In the Jung and Dorf method, rise time is rapid, but large overshoot occure at the rise time. Using the CDM (coefficient diagram method) of Shunju Manabe, overshoot does not occur, but rise time is very slow. Therefore, in this paper, a pre-Ccmpensator is proposed to improve the Jung and Dorf method for decreasing the overshoot at the rise time. The controller performance was studied by application to an induction motor in this paper.


Some researchers have found a general correlation between vehicle roof deformation and occupant injury by using field accident data. However, this correlation does not represent causality, because both roof deformation and occupant injury are related to impact severity. To examine the relationship between roof deformation and injuries, this study compared the injury odds with and without roof deformation under different levels of impact severities using single-vehicle rollover crash data from the NASS-CDS database. The results demonstrated that the number of potential roof-to-ground impacts was an indicator of rollover severity, there was no clear correlation between injury odds and roof deformation under similar impact severity, and there was no clear correlation between ejection odds and roof deformation for unbelted occupants under similar impact severity. The results also showed that the injury odds for females were double those for males, and there was a strong correlation between age and injury odds.


This work collects and comments all the sources relating to native people of roman Ateste , recorded outside the colony. These figures very often undertook a military career and they are mostly known from epigraphic sources concerning Italy, Rome and some western provinces.


A serious threat to cognitive radio networks which sense the spectrum in a cooperative manner is the transmission of false spectrum sensing data by malicious secondary nodes. This enforces the system to acquire authentication. Actually, the decision maker needs to determine the reliability or trustworthiness of the shared data. In this paper, the evaluation process is considered as an estimation dilemma on a set of evidence which is obtained from distributed cooperating nodes. Then, a MLE-based computational trust evaluation algorithm is proposed to determine the trustworthiness of each cognitive radio (CR) user's data. The proposed procedure just uses the information which is obtained from the CR users without any presumptions about nodes reliability. Numerical results confirm the effectiveness of the algorithm in eliminating malicious nodes effects when 16% of cooperating nodes in the network are considered as malicious, and up to 20%, the algorithm are found to have a reasonable performance.


Education is a process or effort to transfer, preserve and transform cultural values and norms into all aspects and types to the next generation of religion and nation, so that the development of educational institutions becomes the answer to all the demands and needs of the community.The focus of research in writing this thesis is: (1) What is the form of development of traditional educational institutions in Al-Ishlahuddiny Islamic boarding school? (2) What is the form of development of modern educational institutions in al-Ishlahuddiny islamic boarding school? (3) What are the implications of the development of educational institutions on social relations?. The research method used is qualitative method. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews and documentation. Descriptive data analysis techniques by sorting out data, clarifying data, and interpreting data found in the field so that it is easier to draw a conclusion. The results and discussion of this research are (1) Development of traditional educational institutions from the diniyah level to the ma'had level with wetonan, sorogan, memorization and muzakkarah learning methods as well as the curriculum used sourced from classical / traditional books. (2) The development of modern educational institutions from the Ibtidaiyah madrasah level to the tertiary level with lectures, question and answer, and discussion methods as well as the curriculum used is in line with those issued by the Ministry of Education. (3). The implications of the development of such educational institutions are directed at the sections of proselytizing, education and government.


We report the modelocked operation of two Yb-doped oxyorthosilicates. Y2SiO5 provided 122fs pulses at 1040nm, with 410mW average power. Lu2SiO5 provided up to 2.6W, 260fs pulses, at 1058nm reaching an optical efficiency greater than 17%.


This study sought to identify patterns of substance use among 1,019 participants of the New South Wales Drug Court program (Sydney, Australia) between 2003 and 2009. Group-based trajectory modeling identified five groups of participants: compliant participants (24.4%), who had a near-zero probability of returning a positive urine test at each occasion; responding participants (25.3%), for whom the probability of returning a positive test decreased; relapsing participants (14.1%), for whom the probability of returning a positive test increased; mid-level chronic participants (26.0%), who had a one in two chance of returning a positive test at each episode; and a high-level chronic group (10.2%), who had a very high probability of returning a positive test at each episode. Group membership probability was found to be a good predictor of treatment and criminal justice outcomes. The challenge for future research is to identify the characteristics that explain these early-phase substance use trajectories.


The paper briefly describes the existing problems on running management of independent photovoltaic station of "Bright Project" in Qinghai province, then discusses initially from policy and rule, managem ent mechanism, the problem of electric price, running mode, regulation and syste m based on these problems.


The 13C NMR spectra measured at 25 MHz of the methyl and propyl esters of isotactic and syndiotactic poly(α-bromoacrylate) were sufficiently resolved to be analysed for pentad tacticity sequences. The pentad tacticity of the syndiotactic polymers prepared with free radical initiators at −40°C agreed with those calculated for Bernoullian sequence distributions based on Pr values of 0,83–0,87. The tacticities of the isotactic polymers prepared with heterogeneous catalysts were determined on the basis of these assignments. Good internal consistency was obtained between the calculated and observed pentad proportions from the quaternary and carbonyl carbon peaks in the spectra of these polymers. The order of chemical shifts for the meso and racemic dyads and tetrads in these polymers were opposite to those found in the equivalent methacrylate polymers, but as with the latter, the 13C-T1 values were longer in the isotactic than in the syndiotactic polymers.


The purpose of this expert system is to assess a predisposition to bleeding in a patient undergoing a tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy as may occur with patients who have certain blood conditions such as hemophilia and von Willebrand's disease. This goal is achieved by establishing a correlation between the patients' responses to a medical questionnaire and the relative quantities of blood lost during the operation.


With the economic globalization continuing to advance, coastal port cities have enjoyed increasingly prominent status and roles as the link between the sea and the land and an important window of foreign trade and exchanges. However, port cities, while embracing rapid development, have also produced a significant impact on natural resources and the ecological environment. Ecological environment protection has become a must-consider factor for sustainable development of port cities. To secure coordinated and sustainable development of ports and cities, this paper utilizes the system dynamics theory and approaches the subject from driver analysis. In the traditional port-city collaboration system model, indicators of ecological perspectives such as land resources and environmental protection are introduced to build a dynamic model for the spatial evolution system of port-city coupling system based on ecological protection, and the dynamic mechanism of port-city spatial relation evolution is analyzed in depth with a case study of Dongdu Port Area of Xiamen Port. The model's simulation results show that from an ecological perspective, the spatial distance between the port and the city is critical to their sustainable and coordinated development. Only after the port-city spatial distance increases moderately can the development efficiency of the port-city system welcomes a relatively significant increase. Managing the port-city distance well has a significant driving effect on capacity enhancement of the port and economic development of the city. This provides a theoretical reference for further studies on port-city coordinated and sustainable development and provides constructive suggestions for the government to make relevant decisions.


There are many possible explanations for the financial behavior of investors. One of the explanations is financial knowledge. Using a survey data, this study demonstrates that, at least for investors, their objective knowledge, subjective knowledge, and risk taking are highly correlated. More importantly, gender emerges as an important factor that differentiates investors' levels of objective knowledge, subjective knowledge, and risk taking, whereas investors' subjective knowledge mediates investors' objective knowledge on risk taking.


Few people outside science (and not nearly enough people inside) recognize the severe effects of biased reporting. The problem is particularly acute, almost perverse, when scientists construct experiments to test for an expected effect. Confirmations are joyfully reported; negative results are usually begrudgingly admitted. But null results—the failure to find any effect in any direction—are usually viewed as an experiment gone awry. Meticulous scientists may publish such results, but they disappear forthwith from the secondary literature (and are almost never reported in the press). Most scientists probably don't publish such results at all—who has time to write up ambiguous and unexciting data? And besides, they rationalize, maybe next week we'll have time to do the experiment again and get better results. I call such nonreporting perverse because we cannot gauge its depth and extent. Therefore, we do not know the proper relative frequencies of most effects—a monumental problem in sciences of natural history, where nearly all theoretical claims are arguments about relative frequencies, not statements about exclusivity.


This paper intends to investigate the role of engagement, motivation, work environment, supportive culture, and organizational learning on job satisfaction. Responses were collected from 169 employees in Malaysian higher education sector. Further, the data obtained were analysed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The results indicated that there are positive and significant relationships between engagement, supportive culture, motivation, and work environment on job satisfaction among employees of Malaysian higher education sector. However, organizational learning is not a significant towards job satisfaction. In future research, employees from private universities and public universities can be studied as comparison. By conducting these comparisons, it will help in creating plans to narrow down the gaps between these two sectors. In addition, the results will help to enhance the rising literature on job satisfaction from Asian context as this study was based on Malaysian samples. Data from employees working in different higher education institutions was utilized for this study to ensure the unbiased responses. Therefore, this study contributes to the literature concerning job satisfaction among employees, and the results of this study provide significant evidence on the influence of engagement, motivation, work-environment, organizational learning and supportive culture on job satisfaction in Malaysian higher education sector. Keywords: Malaysia, Engagement, Motivation, Work Environment, Organizational Learning, Supportive Culture, Job Satisfaction, Higher Education


The failures of governments of both parties in the 1970s had prepared for radical changes in the nature of government under Margaret Thatcher. Among them were that ministers resumed greater power over their civil servants. While various aspects of the relationship between ministers and officials changed and despite the introduction of special advisers, close partnership — the Haldane relationship — was largely retained between them until the end of the 1980s. In the 1990s ministers began to operate less closely with the civil service, largely because they found they had less time for departmental work under the Major and the first Blair administrations. Many of the skills for which civil servants had been trained became less in demand because of the ending of the Cabinet style of government, the reduced importance of ministers appearing before parliament and the greater involvement of spin doctors and media handlers in preparing public documents. However, new skills were required: more rapid accessing of information and more skill in implementation and responsibility for it. The Wilson reforms of 1999 were in large part aimed to remedy these shortcomings. There remains a question whether enough of the Haldane relationship survives for government not to be driven towards greater definition of the rules in which civil servants operate.


The mechanism of liquor manual aging and significance of accelerate liquor aging was introduced in this paper.We introduced mechanism and method of high voltage pulse electric field、low-frequency ultrasonic、KMnO4 and active carbon、Ozone、microwave 、photomagnet、YS -Ⅱ aging of white wine and aging of metallic ions from colloid liquor of white wine. It is a new way to develop technique of liquor aging by using technique of biology.


The objective of this work was to evaluate the biology and fertility life table of the grapevine aphid (Aphis illinoisensis (Hemiptera: Aphididae)) on seedlings of the grape cultivars of Vitis labrusca, Bordo, and of V. vinifera, Cabernet Franc, Italy, and Moscato Bianco. The experiment was carried out in 50 small‑cage confinement, with one insect in each small-cage per treatment, fixed in grapevine seedlings kept in a phytotron- type growth chamber (at 25±1°C, 75±10% relative humidity, and 14-hour photophase). Duration and viability of nymphal stages, fecundity, and longevity of the species reproductive period were daily evaluated. Grapevine aphid completed its life cycle in grape seedlings of the mentioned cultivars, with nymphal stage duration of 7.9±0.3, 6.8±0.2, 6.2±0.2 and 6.7±0.2 days, and viability of 58, 82, 98, and 80%, for 'Bordo', 'Cabernet Franc', 'Italia', and 'Moscato Bianco', respectively. 'Cabernet Franc' and 'Moscato Bianco' were more favorable to the grapevine aphid development, based on the fertility life table, with 51.3 and 55.6 offspring per female, per generation, respectively. 'Bordo' was the less suitable for this aphid development, with 12.55 offspring per female, per generation, which indicates a antibiosis‑type resistance or insect nonpreference for this cultivar.


The problem of calculating the stress intensity factor in a cr0acked plate repaired by composite patches was dealt with in two steps. First, suppose the plate was not cracked and bonded by composite patches over the prospective location of crack. The stress at the prospective location of crack in the plate was determined by generalized plane stress theory of elasticity.Second0, suppose that a crack was introduced into the plate and the stress intensity factor was estimated. The results are in good agreement with the values derived from finite element method and experiments.


This paper describes a system that automatically generates meeting minutes by extracting a topic hierarchy from a meeting's speech. The topic hierarchy is a tree structure whose nodes comprise a topic summary. The topic structure extraction process converts speech recognition results into a word conceptual vector sequence and divides the sequence into the topic segments (topic segmentation). It classifies the topic segments hierarchically (segment clustering). Experimental results show that for the transcription of a meeting, the proposed algorithm is useful. Experiments on the transcription of a televised debate showed that the proposed topic segmentation algorithm is superior to the conventional method using local word frequency vectors. We also discuss experiments on the speech recognition results for the televised debate.


presumably in other species, are highly relevant to the human situation (T J Crow, personal communication). Although laboratory rodents are a popular species for biomedical research, increasing use has been made ofnonhuman primates over the last twenty years or so. In some instances this is probably due to their phylogenetic similarity to man, but it is more likely to be because no other species is suitable for the investigation under consideration. For example, only in simians is it possible to carry out comparative neurovirulence tests on the three strains of poliovirus employed for the manufacture of vaccine. In another field, that of oral pathology, Cohen and his colleagues have made very valuable contributions to the study of dental caries using monkeys of the species Macaca fascicularis. These animals, when maintained on a diet normally used for human consumption, develop lesions closely resembling those seen in man (Cohen & Bowen 1966). However, because a species such as this is eminently suitable as a model for one study it does not follow that it will be suitable for other investigations. For example, Shackleton & Mitchell (1975) demonstrated the unsuitability of M. fascicularis as a model for a study of steroid endocrinology of pregnancy, since these monkeys have a very different metabolism from that of man and the great apes. This presentation has attempted to illustrate some of the more general aspects related to the selection and use of animals for comparative purposes. Many scientific factors must be evaluated when such decisions are being made, but, having made these decisions, it is no less important for the investigator to ensure that the animals selected are also acceptable in terms of health and quality as well as in their scientific suitability.


In this paper, we address quantitative phase imaging of hard-to-reach objects using conventional endoscopic probes. We present a scheme of digital holographic module compatible with commercially available rigid rod-lens endoscopes. In this scheme, a reference beam is obtained using a single-mode optical fiber. The module is a quite simple two-lens system located behind the endoscope eyepiece. It allows the registration of Fourier holograms as well as conventional imaging mode.


INTRODUCTION: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy is the standard treatment of decompression sickness and the main opinion is that the condition responds better to early treatment than delayed treatment. There is no randomized controlled evidence supporting this opinion.

PURPOSE: To find and evaluate the evidence for whether decompression sickness is more susceptible to early then delayed hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: A semi-structured search in the PubMed database, McMaster Plus, Google scholar and reference search lead to 17 articles that have been included and assessed. Guidelines, summaries and textbooks have also been reviewed in order to answer the question. Several case histories with extensive delays to treatment have also been assessed.
Additionally, a retrospective analysis of patient data from the hyperbaric unit at Oslo University Hospital, Ulleval has been done to evaluate current practice.

RESULTS: The results differ substantially and the statistical methods used on retrospective uncontrolled data have considerable uncertainty attached to it.
Seven studies have concluded that there is a significant relation between time to treatment and outcome, strongest demonstrated for serious DCS, but the equal number of studies made the opposite conclusion. Associations are mainly found with use of univariate analyses, and several studies found that when results were applied on multivariate analyses, adjusted for other factors, these relations became weak or insignificant.

CONCLUSION: Delay to treatment seems to have little or no influence on the outcome of mild cases of decompression sickness, where the majority achieves complete resolution independent of time to treatment. In cases of severe neurological decompression sickness the symptoms presents earlier, they are graver and generally respond less to hyperbaric oxygen treatment. For these patients evidence is stronger, supporting early treatment. Evidence suggests that HBOT given within 6 hours after symptom start may be an optimal time frame.
Minimal delay is no guarantee for complete recovery, even if treatment is given within minutes, and even with substantial delay patients with serious DCS may achieve complete recovery.


Prior accounting research has assumed that public sector pensions are fully funded. However, with ageing populations, many European governments provide old age social security by implicitly transferring wealth from a declining base of younger generation contributors to a growing number of older generation pension recipients. Generational accounting is applied to measure obligations of six European governments to these unfunded, pay-as-you-go pension systems (PAYG). Generational accounts for each of five generational cohorts in respect of unfunded PAYG obligations of six European governments are projected over the period 1990-2050, showed that the extent of inter-generational transfers is related to differences in labour participation rates, generosity and scope of the public pension system, and the age dependency ratio.


The author discusses the conservation and preservation of AV materials, and the progress made to bring both the problems and possible solutions to the notice of librarians and archivists. Preservation and conservation are defined in the context of audiovisual librarianship and the different measures which can be taken by managers and professional technical staff are indicated. The carriers of AV materials are identified as the weak link, and a brief review of the materials indicates the special requirements for AV conservation, including the effect of poor storage and handling of the materials. A review of the organizations involved in producing guidelines and standards is mentioned, with some of the principles and practives that have evolved


The purpose of this study was to find out whether there is a relationship between Organizational Climate and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) at Bank X Padang. The independent variable in this study is organizational climate and the dependent variable is organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). The measuring instrument used in this study is the organizational climate scale and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) scale. The sampling technique in this study used a saturated sampling technique. The sample in this study were all 56 employees of Bank X Padang. Test the validity and reliability in this study using the Alpha Cronbach technique. The results of the validity coefficient on the organizational climate move from rix=0.320 to rix=0.773 with a reliability coefficient of =0.911, while the organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) scale moves from rix=0.352 to rix=0.791 with a reliability coefficient of =0.944. Based on data analysis, obtained a correlation value of 0.455 with a significance level of 0.000 which means the hypothesis is accepted. This shows that there is a relationship between organizational climate and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) at Bank X Padang. The effective contribution of the organizational climate variable to organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is 21%. This can be interpreted that the organizational climate is able to make a positive contribution to organizational citizenship behavior (OCB)


Differential cross sections for the reactions (d,p) and (d,n) are calculated, considering a three-body system with Coulomb interaction and total energies of the system under the break-up threshold....


The paradigm of innovation has evolved over the last decades worldwide. The old conception of innovation as technological change has become more diversified and specialised. Current debates express the need to provide a holistic view of innovation, with its pros and cons, including all dimensions of innovation in society and different fields. This paper consists of a qualitative review focusing on three concepts: 'innovation', 'social innovation' and 'innovation in education'. This research includes a historical analysis within 1939–2019 as the base period of analysis. This article is based on 108 different sources, which were carefully selected. The analysis was carried out with content analysis in our main sample. This paper contributes to our understanding of innovation more holistically, by discovering how innovation is understood and used, but also by looking at the different stages it has gone through in historical debates and evolutionary trends. This article presents different perspectives on innovation over time and helps to recognise the evolution of the concept of innovation and the emergence of social innovation as a field of its own. Furthermore, the relevance of innovation in the field of education is presented and current debates on the understanding of innovation are situated.


It is shown that the finite resistivity of plasma has a stabilizing effect in a configuration in which a plasma is supported by a magnetic field against a gravitational force. The finite resistivity allows a discharge current to flow across magnetic lines of force, and the instability driving charge separation due to the gravitational drift is reduced.


Kerala, the Indian state has the distinction of producing the earliest mangoes in the country, in February and the season extends up to May, coinciding with South West monsoon. Mango cultivar 'Neelum', the last commercial variety to attain maturity in the State is hampered by the incidence of fruit fly and anthracnose disease. An attempt was made during 2019-20 to extend the availability of the fruits of this cultivar by giving a surface coating with 'Nipro Fresh' wax containing the fungicide, Carbendazim, followed by shrink-wrap packaging in trays made of areca nut leaf sheath, before sanitizing with chlorine (100 ppm) and alum solution (1%). Surface coating with 'Nipro Fresh', followed by shrink-wrap packaging of trays containing mangoes, and their subsequent storage in cool chamber at 12-13 °C and 85-90 % relative humidity, extended the shelf life by 54 days, compared to the uncoated and unwrapped samples which had a shelf life of 9 days under ambient conditions. Respiration rate, physiological loss in weight, total soluble solids and carotenoids showed a steady rise while titratable acidity, total phenols and ascorbic acid recorded a declining trend.


Purpose – This paper aims to examine the pricing effects of risks conditional on market situations.

Design/methodology/approach – The model used to test for the conditional pricing effects of risks is a modified version of Pettengill et al.'s cross-sectional regression model, based on Hong Kong equity data.

Findings – The paper postulates a five-factor asset pricing model, which hypothesizes that five risk factors are relevant in the pricing of equity stocks, namely beta, size, book-to-market equity, market leverage, and share price, but conditional on market situations, i.e. whether the market is up or down.

Practical implications – The findings enrich our understanding of capital market behaviour, and should prove helpful to investors and corporate managers in both their domestic and international financial decisions.

Originality/value – This study yields important results on a Chinese market, which lend support to the conditional risk pricing hypotheses originally developed in the US, implying that conditional risk pricing is applicable not only in the US market but also in other markets around the globe.


As opposed to individual particle combustion (IPC) modeling, a group combustion (GC) theory is proposed for the combustion modeling of charcarbon particles. The group behavior for a cloud of particles represents the change in the burning characteristics due to collective behavior of particles with or without a group flame. To gain a basic understanding of the group behavior, a simple model such as the steady state analysis of a spherically symmetric cloud of charcarbon particles burning in quiescent air, was used to obtain results for the cloud burning rate. The most important objective was to relate the results from individual particle combustion (IPC) model to the Group Combustion (GC) model. This second annual report deals with experimental correlation of steady state results, non-steady group ignition and combustion of a cloud of char particles. A computer code based on the non-steady model was developed and using this code, steady state was simulated and the results were compared with the explicit results. The results are presented for cases with frozen gas phase and also for cases with gas phase CO oxidation reaction along with CO/sub 2/ reduction at the char surface. 40 refs


HIBERNATION may be defined as the slowing down of biological activity as a result of a reduction of temperature. In the vegetable kingdom the vital processes are completely dormant during cold weather. Certain of the warm blooded animals as the bear, the hedgehog and the bat become inactive during the winter. Among the coldblooded animals nearly all of the northern amphibia and reptilia hibernate. However, the vital processes in all cases never entirely cease during hibernation. Hibernation of oysters appears to have been discovered about 1910 independently by a number of sanitary workers who observed that the bacterial content in winter oysters from polluted areas was abnormally low. In papers read at a meeting of the Oyster Growers and Dealers Association of North America in May, 1911, both Herbert D. Pease and F. P. Gorham discussed this apparent bacterial phenomenon and attributed it to the fact that the oysters were probably in a state of hibernation. The results of consecutive bacterial examinations of oysters from selected polluted areas in Narragansett Bay during the winter and spring of 1910-1911, together with data as to temperatures and bacterial quality of the overlying waters were presented in a paper by Gorham read before the Laboratory Section of this Association in December, 1911.1 These data may be briefly summarized as follows:


A 45–year old woman presented at the emergency department for palpitations and fever. The EKG, thoracic x–ray and troponins were normal, only a neutrophil leucocytosis was found. The echocardiography showed a normal bi–ventricular and valvular function and a mobile, linear, mass in the left atrium. In order to exclude an infective vegetation the patient underwent to a 2D and 3D transesophageal echocardiography (Figure 1 and 2) which showed a left ventricle concentric remodelling (iLVmass 62 g/m2; RWT 0.45), preserved left and right ventricle function (LVEF according to Simpson 70%; FAC 50%) and valves function; inter–atrial septum defects were excluded, too. The mass was described as a mobile membrane in the left atrium at 2.11 cm from the mitral valve anular plane, which divided the atrium into two separate chambers with a large fenestration without trans–mitralic flow obstruction, supporting a cor triatrium sinister. We excluded endocarditis (the blood cultures were negative, too) and supra–valvular mitral ring (since the left appendage position in the antero–inferior side of the left atrium). The cardiac MRI showed (Figure 3) (SSFP–FIESTA, IR–GRE T1, STIR T2) confirmed the finding of a left atrium divided in two chamber by a iso–intense membraine from the coumadin ridge between the left upper pulmonary vein and the left appendage to the inter–atrial septum fossa ovalis, incomplete in the infero–lateral part. Venous drenaige and other congenital abnormalities were excluded. Miocarditis was excluded since no fibrosis in IR–GRE T1 and no edema in Triple T2 sequences. Since the non–obstructive cor triatrium sinister, grading IA according the Lucas classification, was confirmed, no surgical treatment was proposed and the patient was discharged without complications.


We present next-to-leading order predictions for the production of triphoton final states at the LHC and the Tevatron. Our results include the effect of photon fragmentation for the first time and we are able to quantify the impact of different isolation prescriptions. We find that calculations accounting for fragmentation effects at leading order, and those employing a smooth cone isolation where no fragmentation contribution is required, are in reasonable agreement with one another. However, larger differences in the predicted rates arise when higher order corrections to the fragmentation functions are included. In addition we present full analytic results for the $$\gamma\gamma\gamma$$ and $$\gamma\gamma+$$jet one-loop amplitudes. These amplitudes, which are particularly compact, may be useful to future higher-order calculations. Our results are available in the Monte Carlo code MCFM.


The conventional clustering method has the unique potential to be the framework for power-conserving ad hoc networks. In this environment, studies on energy-efficient strategies, such as sleeping mode and redirection, have been reported, and, recently, some have even been adopted by standards like Bluetooth and IEEE 802.11. However, let us consider sensor networks. The devices employed are power-limited in nature; introducing the conventional clustering approach to the sensor networks provides a unique challenge due to the fact that cluster-heads, which are communication centers by default, tend to be heavily utilized and thus drained of their battery power rapidly. We introduce a re-clustering strategy and a power-limit constraint for cluster-based sensor wireless networks in order to address the power-conserving issues in such networks, while maintaining the merits of a clustering approach. Based on a practical energy model, simulation results show that the improved clustering method can achieve a longer lifetime when compared with the conventional clustering method.


The study's goal was to determine how well-prepared the public secondary schools in Bungoma North Sub County were to implement the 100% transition policy. Being completely equipped to implement transition policies so that access and quality are simultaneously improved is a quality of school readiness. In Kenya, a law known as the "100% policy" makes sure that every child enrolls in primary school and successfully completes secondary school. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of implementation of the 100% transition policy on infrastructure in public secondary school in Bungoma North Sub County. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The target population consisted of 126 teachers and 27 Directors of Studies from 27 schools. 38teachers and 9 Directors of Studies were chosen from 9 schools using a purposeful sample method. After applying the Mugenda & Mugenda 30% algorithm to the population of teachers and principals, 126 teachers and 27 Directors of Studies were obtained, establishing the unit of analysis. Structured questionnaires for instructors and an interview schedule for school principals were used as data gathering tools. A pilot study using Cronbach's alpha was conducted in the neighboring county of Trans-Nzoia to evaluate the validity and reliability of the research tools. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27.0 was used to analyses the data. According to the report, schools that saw a significant rise in enrolment as a result of the program typically had inadequate infrastructural facilities. As a result, the study came to the conclusion that schools are not as ready to implement the 100% transition strategy. According to the report, in order to effectively implement the 100% policy, the government should ensure that the infrastructure, teaching and learning resources, and teachers are enough.


Optical Heterodyne Detection of Phase-Shifted Signals Daria Permeneva My thesis investigates whether abrupt changes in optical phase (i.e., phase shifts) can be measured using optical heterodyne detection (OHD), a method commonly used to measure gradual changes in the temporal phase. I developed analysis software in MATLAB to considered and quantify the success of three different phase-shift measurement methods: non-split signal method, split signal method and split signal with zero-out method. I also explored whether spectral information can be used to access temporal phase shifts; this is a new area, as OHD typically deals with temporal information. My work identified both spectral and temporal phase assessment methods that provide high precision results.


On 11 October 2019, the UK's Competition and Markets Authority ("CMA") fined the airline technology company Sabre Holdings £ 20,000 for failing to comply with two Section 109 Enterprise Act notices…


The data discussed in the articles in this issue are taken from a classroom teaching experiment conducted in the fall semester of 1997 with a group of 29 American seventh-grade students (age 12). During the 12 weeks of the teaching experiment, the research teami assumed total responsibility for the class sessions, including teaching.2 The primary goal for the teaching experiment was to investigate ways to proactively support middle-school students' ability to reason about data while developing statistical understandings related to exploratory data analysis. An integral aspect of that understanding entailed students coming to view data sets as distributions. In that process, they would structure and organize data sets multiplicatively as they created data-based arguments that were grounded in their analysis. The research team's interest was motivated by current debates about the role of statistics in school curricula (cf. Burrill, 1996; Burrill & Romberg, in press; Cobb, 1997; Gal, 2000; Lajoie, in press; Lajoie & Romberg, in press; Lipson & Jones, 1996; National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, 1989, 1991, 2000; Shaughnessy, 1992, 1996). The guiding image that emerged as the research team read and synthesized


A code-constrained inverse filter criterion based approach was recently presented by J.K. Tugnait and Tongtong Li (see IEEE Trans. Sig. Processing, vol.SP-49, p.1300-9, 2001) for blind detection of a desired user in asynchronous short-code DS-CDMA (direct sequence code division multiple access) systems over multipath channels. The method proposed therein works well for low-to-moderate loading; however, it can converge to an undesired user under high loading. We augment this method with a binary hypothesis testing approach for extracted user identification (whether the desired user is acquired/extracted) and for successive user cancellation (if an undesired user is extracted, cancel its contribution and repeat). An illustrative simulation example is presented.


The present study investigated an English teacher's belief regarding the best strategies to learn and teach English. A case study was employed as it explored a case (an English teacher) in depth. In-depth interviews were carried to gain deep understanding about the participant's belief. This study reveals that he has been learning English for roughly ten years and his motivation changed from being forced to learn English (external) to having internal motivation. He believed that quality teacher affects his motivation to learn English. Concerning his personal theory about best way to learn English, he argues that there is no any best way to learn English. Instead, he believes that there are other effective approaches fitting different learning purposes. For him, the key feature to learn and teach English in his context is exposure to the language. He also believes that doing some changes like how he evaluates the learner's skill can reduce the students' negative feeling. He admits that these preferences as the reflection of this previous learning experiences form all his experiences in learning.


The pig blood was hydrolyzed by compound enzyme,then absorbed by activated carbon to be decolorized.The serum globulin flour can be obtained after spray-drying.The results showed that the best processing condition for decolorizing was as follow: pH 4,temperature 70 ℃,dosage of activated carbon 3.5%,time 100min.Compared with Spray-dried porcine globulin without decolorization as controls,the hydrolytic protein powder was superior to blood powder on the color,ador,particle shape and texture.


Background and Objectives: Increase of mortality rates of gastric cancer in Iran and the world in recent years reveal necessity of studies on this disease. Here, hazard function for gastric cancer patients was estimated using Wavelet and Kernel methods and some related factors were assessed. Materials and Methods: Ninety