1. A method for calculating the fuel injection pressure of the injector (11) of the system (1) fuel injection of the engine (2) of the internal combustion engine, wherein the system (1) comprises a fuel injection fuel rail (10) and at least one injector (11) which is connected in fluid communication with the fuel rail (10) by connecting the fuel line (12), the method comprising the steps of: modeling pressure fluctuations in fuel line connection (12) according to the equation P = B · e-At cos (ωt), where A, B and ω - parameters, at - time variable; ! determining the time (DT) between the shutter opening (10) of the injector and the previous closing (IPC) of the injector; and! introducing said determined time (DT) exposure in the equation for calculating the fuel injection pressure. ! 2. The method of claim 1, further comprising the steps of determining the pressure (FRP) in the fuel rail (10), determining the number (PFQ) of fuel injected during the previous injection of the injector, and using the determined pressure in the fuel rail (10) and the previous number (PFQ) of fuel injected to determine the parameters A and B! 3. The method of claim 2, wherein the pressure (FRP) in the fuel rail is measured by a sensor (15) set pressure inside the fuel rail. ! 4. A method according to claim 2, in which the previous number (PFQ) of fuel injected is determined based on empirical data set or map display information, wherein the previous correlation quantity (PFQ) of fuel injected from a plurality of engine operating parameters. ! 5. The method of claim 2, wherein the parameter A is determined empirically based on a particular set of data or map information display, when correlation parameter A at m


The invention concerns a simplified process for the production of fluoride-containing, swellable magnesium layer silicates of the smectite type, in particular compounds of this type with the hectorite structure, the process including a hydrothermal reaction step between the layer-silicate-forming reactants at elevated pressures and temperatures. The new process is characterized in that a hydroxidic coprecipitate of magnesium and silicon, optionally virtually free of foreign salts, in alkaline aqueous suspension, and in the presence of dissolved MgSiF6 and/or other salts supplying fluoride ions, is subjected to a hydrothermal reaction and the solid formed is optionally separated, after cooling, from the aqueous phase and from any foreign salts dissolved in it. The moist product thus obtained does not swell significantly in water. The invention calls, as the last process step, for this moist product to be dried at moderately temperatures, thus forming in this step the crystalline, high-swelling layer silicate. The invention also concerns the use of layer silicates produced in this way in the thickening of liquid aqueous phases. When layer silicates produced by the process proposed are provided, using prior art methods, with oleophilic groups, these modified thickening agents are suitable for use in organic phases.


Objective: To compare the effect of prophylactic phenylephrine infusion on the fluid management and physician intervention as compared with rescue boluses of phenylephrine alone.Study Design: Randomized controlled trial.Place and Duration of Study: Anesthesiology department, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi; from Feb to Jul 2016.Material and Methods: A total of 70 patients were randomly divided into two groups, 35 in each. After a preload of 10ml/kg of ringer lactate; spinal anesthesia was given with 12 mg 0.75% hyperbaric bupivacaine. Group A given prophylactic phenylephrine infusion at the rate of 0.75ug/kg/minute for 5minutes after initiation of spinal anesthesia. Group B was given 50ug rescue bolus of phenylephrine when hypotension occurred.Results: The two groups did not differ in their demographic profile and mean fluid pre-load. The mean preload was 691.4ml (±110.1) in group A versus 721.4ml (±89.3) in group B, p-value 0.215. The total fluid administered in group A was lower than group B, 1634.2ml (±232.5) versus 1777.1 ml (±328.1); p-value 0.039. An average of 0.23 (±0.49) number of physician interventions were done in hypotensive patients in group A versus 1.26 (±1.29) in group B; p-value 0.06, which is statistically insignificant. The groupA received a much higher dose of phenylephrine, mean dose 287.2ug ± 48.8 versus 64.2ug ± 64.8; p value<0.001. The mean rescue phenylephrine bolus dose in group A was 15.7ug (±31.5) in group A versus 64.2 ± 64.8ug, p-value<0.001; which is statistically insignificant.Conclusion: Prophylactic phenylephrine infusion with crystalloid preload was found associated with reduced number of rescue boluses and rescue phenylephrine dose and lesser total intraoperative fluid administration, when compared to preload with rescue boluses.


An unusual new species of Eremocaulon, a Neotropical woody bamboo genus, is here described and illustrated. Eremocaulon triramis occurs in dense ombrophilous forest and is apparently endemic to Espírito Santo state, Brazil. The diameter and indument of the culms, number of branches in the branch complement, and occurrence of two different forms of fimbriae on the foliage leaves allow this taxon to be recognized as distinct from its congeners, even in the vegetative condition. Reproductively, E. triramis differs from its congeners in having laminiferous subtending bracts in the pseudospikelets and four stamens. Illustrations, photos, a detailed description, comments on morphology, habitat, distribution, and conservation status are provided, as well as a key to all species of Eremocaulon.


This study qualitatively explored the effectiveness of the strategies used by teachers in developing writing accuracy and coherence among public primary school pupils in Nantumbo District, Tanzania. It used the case study design involving the population of 736 purposefully sampled individuals including 16 teachers and 720 pupils from eight (8) schools in Namtumbo District Council. The study used classroom observation, focus group discussion, classroom continuous assessment and documentary review in data collection. Content analysis was adopted to analyses data and the findings revealed that teachers used various strategies in teaching how to write alphabetical letters including scaffolding, brief explicit lessons, alphabetic order, songs and teaching aids. It was further found out that some of these strategies such as using a talk-chalkboard strategy to teach punctuation marks were not effective to scaffold pupils and make them master writing. The study recommends teachers to use interactive strategies to enhance students' acquisition of the writing skills.


P.J. Meertens' appointment in 1930 as secretary of the Dialect Committee and head of its bureau has been described as a key step in his unfolding career as a folklorist. Whereas histories of the study of folklore are plentiful, those on the Dialect Committee and its bureau are scant. J. Daan's history of dialect geography in the Netherlands includes misrepresentations and omissions involving Meertens, van Ginneken and Kloeke, which have been amplified in later publications. For example, van Ginneken's machinations purportedly thwarted Kloeke's nomination to direct a Dialect institute. Daan does not mention that the government's refusal in 1927 and 1928 to fund an institute had required changing the original plans, nor does she mention the role of the medical doctor and experimental phonetician Kaiser, whose status as an exact scientist influenced the government to reverse position, and in 1929 announce funding. Using extensive archival research, and focusing especially on the production of an atlas of dialects in the Northern and Southern Netherlands, this article describes the history of the Dialect Committee from its early initiatives in 1926 until 1948 when the committees for dialects, folklore and onomastics formed a Central Committee.


Objective On basis of case information of infectious disease of real-online China Information System for Diseases Control and Prevention,to analyze coverage of straight report network of infectious disease in Xinjiang from 2007 to 2001,to understand its coverage range to provide reference for fixed point implementation of control measure of infectious disease.Methods Data of the report quality of infectious diseases in the regions and counties of infectious diseases straight report network platform Disease Monitoring Information Report Administrative System of China Information System for Diseases Control and Prevention from January 1,2007 to December 31,2011,were collected and imported into Excel 2007 for statistical analysis,to calculate straight report rate,network report rate,proportion of the type of report units,etc.,and compare with the national data.Results From 2007 to 2011,the direct report rates in Xinjiang didn't change obviously and were less than 85%.Network report rate increased stably,and it was all over 80%.Comparing with the national data,it was better than that of the national average on the whole.The proportions of the three institutions for the five years were all over 80%.Comprehensive rate in Xinjiang tended to be increase gradually.The reported cards were mostly from hospitals,health centers and centers for disease control and prevention.The proportion of report cards from medical institutions over county level grew from medical institutions over county level yearly,while it descended from health centers of townships year by year,and decreased from centers for disease control and prevention.Conclusions During the period of 2007 to 2011,the quality of infectious disease network directly reporting in Xinjiang increases gradually in general,but it is imbalance in every prefecture.There is still difference in the quality comparing with that of the nation,although it has been improved greatly for the recent years.It indicates that the emphasis for research and improvement of report quality should be in health centers and hospitals.Corresponding measures should be taken according to the characteristics of the institutions and coverage of network report in prefectures,so as to keep the continuing improvement of network report quality in Xinjiang.


A DNA modified long period fiber grating (LPFG) was proposed and fabricated for measurement of mercury ion (Hg2+) concentration. The T-T base pair of Hg2+ and DNA can specifically bind to form T-Hg2+-T complex, which leads to the transition of DNA from irregular free helix conformation to hairpin structure, thereby changing the refractive index of the fiber surface. Firstly, the DNA sequence and coating methods were analyzed and optimized, and the sensing mechanism and phase matching conditions of LPFG were analyzed by using Rsoft. The simulation results showed that reducing the cladding diameter and period could increase the refractive index sensitivity, and changing the length of the gate region would not affect the sensitivity. Besides, the LPFG at the phase matching turning point had higher sensitivity. Then, a CO2 laser was used to prepare LPFG with a period of 250 μm, and the DNA was fixed on the surface of the grating by electrostatic adsorption with using Poly-L-lysine as the polycation molecule. The results of Hg2+ detection experiments showed that when the concentration of Hg2+ increased from 6 μM to 18 μM, the resonance wavelength at the trough shifted from 1623.8 nm to 1627.37 nm. There was a linear relationship in the range of 6~12 μM with sensitivity of 0.505 nm/μM. In conclusion, the proposed Hg2+ sensor based on DNA modified LPFG structure behaves the advantages of simple production, low cost, and high specificity, which has great potential in the actual environment.


This work claims that ontological consumer research alters our directedness as researchers because the existential-phenomenological meaning of being explicitly resumes a novel horizon in which we understand the field of consumer research. The most important consequences for the subject matter of consumer research are that the horizon, within which we understand a product, the consumer, experiences, and even marketing, is enlarged. The consumer becomes a temporal and intentional being that, at any time, may question the contemporary conditions within which s/he exists. Methodologically, the suspicious hermeneutical questioning becomes an important emphasis for conducting research. This version of hermeneutics is referred to as ontological hermeneutics. As for the subject matter, a product is not an object with qualities anymore. It cannot be separated from our experiences. The product is our experiences. As our experience cannot be separated from who we are, the question of who we are during experiences becomes crucial. This means that we must abandon the commercial room or space as the primary source for our understanding.


1. Parkinson's Disease Needs to be Redefined Parkinson's disease should no longer be conceptualized as a predominantly motor disorder. Researchers are increasingly attending to and characterizing the nonmotor symptoms of the disease such as psychosis, depression, apathy, dementia, and sleep disorders. While the three cardinal motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (resting tremor, bradykinesia, and rigidity) predominate the clinical picture, the disease ushers in a variety of disturbing concomitant emotional, cognitive, and behavioral features that are often reported by patients and their caregivers to be even more disabling than their primary motor symptoms. While the characteristic pathological features of the disease are the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and the appearance of intracytoplasmic Lewy body inclusions, we now understand that the dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and SNc innervate various areas involved in sleep-wake regulation such as serotonergic neurons (in dorsal raphe nuclei), noradrenergic neurons (in locus ceruleus), cholinergic neurons (in the pedunculopontine nucleus and basal forebrain bundle), and certain nuclei in the thalamus.


The importance of modeling and software development in the field of environment and health is briefly outlined in this paper. In this contex t we introduce the term "exposomics". We give two short modeling examples : th first one is on the evaluation of chemicals in breast milk with the experimental software PyHasse, and the second one on the evaluation of sex odds near the storage cask site Gorleben applying linear logistic regression technique. In both cases we detected an effect of the pollution of the environment a d human health. More research and precautionary activities should be initiated in the field of environment and health. 1 Environment and Health There is no denying the fact that the environment has an enor mous impact on human health. It is also consequential that models, information systems, soft ware play an important role in the disclosure of the interactions. Many orga nizations wor ldwide are working on the complex scientific subject "environment and health". The Wor ld Health Organization (WHO) for example cites on its homepage: The environment is a major determinant of health, estimated to account for almost 20% of all deaths in the WHO European Region [WHO12]. It is striking and scientifically not understandable that an important influence factor on human health, namely ionizing radiatio n is not mentioned in these definitions. The WHO provides a separate website on radiation sta ting that "Ionizing radiation has always been a part of the human environment. Al ong with natural radioactive sources present in the Earth's crust and cosmic radiation, man -made sources also contribute to our continuous exposure to ionizing radiation" [WHO12]. For decades mankind knows that dangerous chemicals are found in human beings, e.g. in breast milk, blood etc. Research has shown how chemicals in our environment can profoundly affect development, growth, maturation, and reproducti on by mimicking hormones or interacting with hormone receptors. Exposure to POPs can le ad to serious health effects including certain cancers, birth defects (like cryptorchidism ), dysfunctional immune and reproductive systems, greater susceptibility to disease, and


This paper deals with the high pressure lamps feed by direct conversion AC to AC with ZETA converter implemented by bidirectional switches for the lamp operation on the mains frequency. The aim is to prevent the occurrence of destructive acoustic resonance. Also has high efficiency, high power factor and low cost. The approach focused on passive elements design in the circuit, the transfer function and the digital control applied to DSP controller. At the end is shown the prototype system response.


A well designed event trace data format is the basis of all trace-based analysis methods. In this paper, we introduce the Open Trace Format Version 2 (OTF2). It is a major re-design based on the experiences of its predecessor formats, the Open Trace Format (Version 1) and the EPILOG trace format. It comes with a new file encoding, a close integration in the trace recording system Score-P, and a number of improvements for performance and scalability. Besides the actual format, it consists of a read/write support library with a powerful API plus supportive tools, which are distributed as Open Source software. Furthermore, OTF2 will serve as a joint data source for the analysis tools Scalasca and Vampir in the near future.


A set of accelerated first order algorithms with memory are proposed for minimising strongly convex functions. The algorithms are differentiated by their use of the iterate history for the gradient step. The increased convergence rate of the proposed algorithms comes at the cost of robustness, a problem that is resolved by a switching controller based upon adaptive restarting. Several numerical examples highlight the benefits of the proposed approach over the fast gradient method. For example, it is shown that these gradient based methods can minimise the Rosenbrock banana function to $7.58 \times 10^{-12}$ in 43 iterations from an initial condition of $(-1,1)$.


In this study, the crystallization of neodymium carbonate from neodymium chloride solution by addition of ammonium bicarbonate was investigated. The concentration of reactants such as neodymium chloride and ammonium bicarbonate, and reaction temperature play an important part in order to obtain the crystal of neodymium carbonate. It seemed that amorphous neodymium carbonate was prepared by aggregation of primary particles formed through nucleation. If reaction rate was increased by increasing the concentration of reactants and reaction temperature, then neodymium carbonate crystal could be obtained. Lanthanite-type neodymium carbonate[] and tengerite-type neodymium carbonate[] could be obtained with reaction renditions. Lanthanite-type neodymium carbonate was sensitive to temperature. The thermal decomposition of neodymium carbonate contained the processes or dehydration, decarbonation and crystalization of . The shape of lanthanite-type neodymium carbonate was irregular lump type, and tengerite-type neodymium carbonate had the shape of needle type. The shape of was affected by the shape of neodymium carbonate.


Improving the estimates of CO 2 sources and sinks over India through inverse methods calls for a comprehensive atmospheric monitoring system involving atmospheric transport models that realistically account for 15 atmospheric CO 2 variability along with good coverage of ground-based monitoring stations. This study investigates the importance of representing fine-scale variability of atmospheric CO 2 in models for the optimal use of observations through inverse modelling. The unresolved variability of atmospheric CO 2 in coarse models is quantified by using WRF-Chem simulations at a spatial resolution of 10 km × 10 km. We show that the representation errors due to unresolved variability in the coarse model with a horizontal resolution of one degree 20 (~ 100 km) are considerable (median values of 1.5 ppm and 0.4 ppm for the surface and column CO 2 , respectively) compared to the measurement errors. The monthly averaged surface representation error reaches up to ~5 ppm, which is comparable to a quarter to half of the magnitude of seasonal variability. Representation error shows a strong dependence on multiple factors such as time of the day, season, terrain heterogeneity, and changes in meteorology and surface fluxes. By employing a first-order inverse modelling scheme using pseudo 25 observations from nine tall tower sites over India, we show that the Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) flux uncertainty solely due to unresolved variability is in the range of 3.1 to 10.3% of the total NEE of the region. By estimating the representation error and its impact on flux estimations during different seasons, we emphasize the need for taking account of fine-scale CO 2 variability in models over the Indian subcontinent to better understand processes regulating CO 2 sources and sinks. The efficacy of a simple parameterization scheme is further 30 demonstrated to capture these unresolved variations in coarse models. dependence on seasons and are mainly determined by dry and wet seasons for nearly 65 to 70 % of the country's area except over north-eastern and south-western (Western Ghats) regions of India. In India, wet season crops (Kharif crops cultivated from June to November) including Rice, Millets, and Maize 100 mainly depend on monsoon rain. Dry season crops (Rabi crops, e.g. Wheat, Barley, and Mustard, cultivated from November to April,) are less water-dependent and primarily rely on irrigation (DAC/MA 2015). Therefore, employing a higher resolution modelling over the Indian subcontinent is desirable to better account for fine-scale variations generated by both mesoscale transport processes and surface flux patterns. This study focuses on accounting for unresolved sub-grid scale variability when employing current generation 105 global models. Assimilation of observations in an inverse framework requires the characterization of these error structures at relevant scales that can be utilized to retrieve source-sink distribution over India. The main objectives of this paper are to describe and quantify the expected spatiotemporal variability of atmospheric CO 2 that is not resolved by the current generation global models, quantify to what extent these variations cause uncertainty in flux estimations, and assess how these uncertainties can be minimized by modelling the sub-grid 110 variations in the global models. Specifically, we address the following questions: 1) how good is the level of agreement among global transport models that are used in current generation inversion systems for predicting atmospheric CO 2 concentrations over the Indian subcontinent? 2) how large are the variations of atmospheric CO 2 that are unresolved by global and regional models, which operate at different spatial scales from 4 ° × 4 ° to 0.5 ° × 0.5 ° ? 3) what is the role of seasonal changes on generating different patterns in these sub-grid variations 115 of CO 2 ? 4) how much is the uncertainty in the inverse-based flux estimation caused by these unresolved and the height up to this positive gradient is are for (both has the largest positive gradient among these models (~1ppm). It shows the maximum concentration at around m height and then a decrease in concentration. CarbonTracker also shows this positive gradient in the surface layers up to a height of 900 m. But the gradient is much smaller compared to the two models. Among these four models, CarboScope does not exhibit this tendency in the lower atmosphere. Its concentration decreases linearly from the surface as the height increases. variability, in which different points from different parts of the domain are binned together on the basis of their standard deviation of topography. Each bin is created with a size of 50 m variation in terrain height. The linear fit is estimated between the average value of topographic variability within a bin and the average value of representation error of the corresponding points in the bin. Our results show that the terrain heterogeneity alone can explain about 20-48% of the surface representation errors over the domain. In a similar way, we have estimated the influence of topographic variability on representation error in the column-averaged model simulations. It is found that topography alone can explain 45-52 % of representation errors in the column-averaged simulations. Emission hotspots can also lead to significant CO 2 variability near the surface as large as ≈ 8 ppm. Larger values are typically associated with the nocturnal shallow boundary layer dynamics and the stronger respiration signal with considerable flux variability. These findings are consistent with Pillai et al. (2010), which show that there exist spatial differences in the sub-grid variability for both surface and column CO 2 . Although the magnitude of the sub-grid variability of the total column is an order of magnitude smaller than the variability at the surface, the 655 spatial pattern remains similar for both, owing to the dominance of surface heterogeneity in topography and fluxes. With the underlying assumptions, the total uncertainty in optimized fluxes solely due to the unresolved sub-grid variations is estimated to be 3.1 to 10.3% of the total NEE while utilizing pseudo-data from nine observation stations over India. Increasing the spatial and temporal resolutions of the transport models can generally capture the mesoscale features and associated CO 2 gradients, thereby reducing the representation 660 error. Increasing the model's resolution from 1 ° to 0.5 ° has shown an improvement in capturing variability with representation error reduction of 33% and 36% for summer time and winter time, respectively. By showing the existence of unresolved variability in 0.5 ° resolution with a similar spatial pattern of error as of 1 ° spatial resolution, we demonstrate the need for a much finer resolution than 0.5 ° for representing the atmospheric CO 2 variability over India. However, merely increasing the resolution without having a realistic representation of terrain heterogeneity and flux (both natural and anthropogenic) variability would not be beneficial. The uncertainties in the high-resolution fluxes can worsen the model's skills, whose effect would not be more pronounced at coarser resolutions due to the diffusive nature of fluxes, as seen in Agustí-Panareda et al. (2019). A parameterization scheme with explanatory variables of sub-grid variations of terrain, biospheric and anthropogenic fluxes is shown to capture a considerable fraction of expected representation error in the global model. The proposed method is easy to implement in the coarse models as it does not require computationally expensive transport simulations at high resolution. As we see a significant dependence of the distribution of sub-grid variability on terrain variations, our results reinforce the requirement for using accurate DEMs in the atmospheric transport models. The biosphere flux variability explains about 62 to 80% of the surface representation errors over the Indian region, indicating the need for using precise high-resolution surface fluxes. Overall, we show that the mesoscale transport mechanisms and flux variability contribute to fine-scale CO 2 variations that the current-generation models cannot resolve. Our findings indicate that the models need to be critically improved to capture mesoscale variations associated with horizontal and vertical transport and fine-scale flux variability to maximize the potential of highly precise and accurate measurements. Our results provide a baseline for overcoming the shortcomings mentioned above and accounting for the realistic distribution of atmospheric CO 2 to improve the estimation of surface fluxes through inverse modelling.


Abstract : A popularized article on hibernation of space crews as a method for making long space flights is presented.


Understanding how managers evaluate their firms' export performance is important because it reveals how practitioners assess the accomplishment of different export objectives, as well as the frames of reference and time horizons they use to assess these accomplishments. Diamantopoulos and Kakkos attempt to provide insights into the complex issue of managers' export performance assessments by developing a framework that accommodates multiple and differentially weighted export objectives as well as different modes of assessment. This framework explicitly recognizes that different firms may place different importance on different export objectives (e.g., sales versus profitability goals), that the evaluation of any specific objective can be undertaken using different frames of reference (e.g., the firm's own plan versus that of the competition), and that different time horizons (i.e., shortversus long-term perspectives) may underlie such performance assessments.


Our study examines the relationship between news exposure at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, personal threat beliefs, beliefs about others' threat perceptions, and participation in precautionary actions. A survey of 377 U.S . adults revealed a significant main effect of news exposure on various precautionary behaviors (e.g., facial mask wear, physical distancing). Personal threat beliefs and beliefs about others' threat perceptions serve as unique mechanisms mediating the effect of news on specific CDC-recommended and less socially desirable actions. These findings can guide news sources covering health crises in a socially responsible manner.


The two-stub transition design is analysed on isotropic and anisotropic substrates. Broadband design is made by optimizing the slotline and the stub lengths. Sensibility analysis of the behaviour of the whole structure with these parameters shows the slotline length and impedance to be the dominant factors. An extended-octave design can easily be achieved, with VWSR less than 1.5, for double-transitions.


The author reports, among other things, on measures taken by the SNCF to provide special medical observation for personnel exposed to PBC (chgemical substances found in permanently located transformers and in some rolling stock condensers).


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide the latest information on mergers and acquisition (M&A) activities in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh from 2000 to 2009. Design/methodology/approach – Using data available from Thomson Financial Service's Worldwide Mergers and Acquisitions database, the paper analyzed M&A transactions listed in the database that were announced between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2009, in which the target firm or acquirer was located in India, Pakistan or Bangladesh. Findings – M&A in India is a lot more active than that in Pakistan or Bangladesh. One unique feature of Pakistani M&A market is that it has a high ratio (more than 80 percent) for Pakistani firms buying non-Pakistani companies. In Bangladesh, non-Bangladeshi firms acquiring Bangladeshi companies accounted for more than 90 percent of all large M&A value. Originality/value – The paper provides the latest information on M&A activities in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh from 2000 to 2009. Some similarities and d...


On July 17 of 2009,during the Wenchuan Earthquake,the mass debris flow caused by heavy rainfall happened at in the hardest hit area—Xiaogou drainage area at the Hongkou Township of Dujiangyan City,which caused the property to be damaged seriously.Based on field experience and relevant information,this paper systematically analyzed the genesis mechanism of the debris flow.By calculating of parameters of the debris flow,it concludes that the active phase of the debris flow will last 5 to 10 years.


This article critically analyzes the U.S. growth of sports talk radio programs, with a particular focus on its sex and gender implications. It has been argued that sports talk radio texts reinscribe dominant ideologies, namely, hegemonic masculinity. A textual and audience analysis of the most popular nationally syndicated program, The Jim Rome Show, suggests that although the program reproduces many aspects of traditional masculinity, sexism, and heterosexism, there are fissures and exceptions to the dominant, hyper-masculine discourse. For instance, Jim Rome's liberal stance on homophobia and sports indicates that sports radio may be a place for sports fans/men to discuss gender and sexuality in meaningful ways. Hence, The Jim Rome Show serves as a mediated site where men can negotiate and reconfigure masculinity in contemporary postmodern times.


The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology has facilitated the recent development of RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), which is a novel mapping and quantifying method for transcriptomes. By RNA-seq, one can measure the expression of different features such as gene expression, allelic expression, and intragenic expression in the forms of read counts. These features have provided new opportunities to study and interpret the molecular intricacy and variations that are potentially associated with the occurrence of specific diseases. Therefore, there has been an emerging interest in statistical method to analyze the RNA-seq data from different perspectives. In this dissertation, we focus on three important challenges: identifying allele specific expression (ASE) on the gene level and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) level simultaneously, the detection of ASE regions in the control group and regions of ASE alterations in case group simultaneously, and detecting genes whose expression levels are significantly different across treatment groups (DE genes). In Chapter 2, we propose a method to test ASE of a gene as a whole and variation in ASE within a gene across exons separately and simultaneously. A generalized linear mixed model is employed to incorporate variations due to genes, SNPs, and biological replicates. To improve reliability of statistical inferences, we assign priors on each effect in the model so that information is shared across genes in the entire genome. We utilize the Bayes factor to test the hypothesis of ASE for each gene and variations across SNPs within a gene. We compare the proposed method to competing approaches through simulation studies that mimicked the real datasets. The proposed method exhibits improved control of the false discovery rate and improved power over existing methods when SNP variation and biological variation are present. Besides, the proposed method also maintains low computational requirements that allows for whole genome analysis. As an example of real data analysis, we apply the proposed method to four tissue types in a bovine study to de novo detect ASE genes in the bovine genome, and uncover intriguing predictions of regulatory ASEs across gene exons and across tissue types. In Chapter 3, we propose a new and powerful algorithm for detecting ASE regions in a healthy control group and regions of ASE alterations in a disease/case group compared to the control. Specifically, we develop a bivariate Bayesian hidden Markov model (HMM) and an expectation-maximization inferential procedure. The proposed algorithm gains advantages over existing methods by addressing their limitations and by recognizing the complexity of biology. First, the bivariate Bayesian HMM detects ASEs for different mRNA isoforms due to alternative splicing and RNA variants. Second, it models spatial correlations among genomic observations, unlike existing methods that often assume independence. At last, the bivariate HMM draws inferences simultaneously for control and case samples, which maximizes the utilization of available information in data. Real data analysis and simulation studies that mimic real data sets are shown to illustrate the improved performance and practical utility of the proposed method. In Chapter 4, we present a new method to detect DE genes in any sequencing experiment. The number of read counts for different treatment groups are modelled by two Negative Binomial distributions which may have different means but share the same dispersion parameter. We propose a mixture prior model for the dispersion parameters with a point mass at zero and a lognormal distribution. The mixture model allows shrinkage across genes within each of the two mixture components, thus prevents the overcorrection resulting from shrinkage across all genes. The simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed method yields a better dispersion estimation and FDR control, and a higher accuracy in gene ranking. In addition, the proposed method exhibits robustness to the misspecification of the bimodal distribution for the dispersion parameters, thus is exible and can be easily generalized.


BIAnd now I need you to sign this form which allows us to proceed with your surgery that we talked about.[ How often have we heard and spoken that phrase? Informed consent is an explicit and formal process that allows us to proceed with treatment after the patient's or, in most of our situations, parent's or guardian's granting permission to do so. It is based on the signee's understanding of the condition, treatment options, and potential risks and outcomes before their assenting to proceed with surgery or other treatment. In short, it assumes that a reasonable person (patient or designee), given adequate information, will be able to decide if the risk/benefit ratio justifies their electing to undergo a specific procedure. Recently, Lemaire suggested that informed consent is a contemporary myth and a flawed concept given to the idea that Ball patients, if properly informed, will become competent to sign a consent form and recall the information for a reasonable period of time.[ He reviews studies which show that a patient's information retention is fragmentary, limited, and selective (benefits remembered better than risks) and diminishes with time, independent of information transfer methods. He also shows the disparity between patient satisfaction about the information given and the comprehension of same. In a legal note offered in the same publication, Leigh suggests that the issue is between what the patient wants to know versus what the physician wishes the patient to know. He points out that the patient's ability to remember cannot be used as a justification to ignore the legal and ethical obligations to advise. So where are we with all of this? The physician has to adequately communicate a large amount of technical information in understandable language and concepts, size up patient's comprehension of same, and document having done just that. The patient must absorb this information to allow satisfactory comprehension which leads to informed consent. But what is Badequate[ and what is Bsatisfactory[? Patients have major differences in educational level, personalities, intelligence, and linguistic abilities superimposed upon life experiences, customs, and cultures. If the purpose of all of this is risk management for the physician/hospital, the form must to be encyclopedic, rivaling insurance contracts and medicine package inserts, and still without guarantee of absolution. The legal value of standardized consent forms, indeed, is in doubt as evidence that the patient was appropriately informed; that is, it does not serve as a contract. Paternalism in medicine is currently out of fashion, despite a significant number of patients still desiring their physician to make their (patients') decisions, and is looked on as a basis for the trusting patient-doctor relationship. The physician, however, is legally obligated to disclose diagnoses, risks, and benefits, independent of the patient's wishes. Lemaire suggests a system in which a trained independent person would inform and test prospective surgical patients about their level of understanding of the planned surgery. ON THE OTHER HAND ARTICLE


Applications of fiber optics in data extraction and processing of optical images in the medical and biological sciences are today still somewhat limited. It is the purpose of this paper to provide a general description of the properties of fiber optics' and to indicate both some current applications in the medical field and some nonmedical applications that may suggest new areas of application in the medical and biological sciences. Finally, one specific application of data extraction in a particularly difficult medical environment is described in detail to show the unique capabilities of fiber optics.


SUMMARY

Low temperature pre-sowing treatment of tomato seeds substantially enhanced germination rates and was much more effective at improving uniformity of germination than equivalent osmotic treatments. Although radicle emergence was inhibited by the low temperature, imbibition studies showed that seeds were maintained at lag-phase moisture contents during treatment and some aspects of germinative metabolism began. No evidence was found for improved seedling growth rates per se as a result of pretreatment: in fact, initial axis growth may be temporarily reduced, probably as a consequence of depletion of reserves during the treatment period.


The effect of wave breaking on the probability function of surface elevation is examined. The surface elevation limited by wave breaking ζb(t) is first related to the original wave elevation ζ(t) and its second derivative ¨ζ(t). An approximate, second-order, nonlinear, non-Gaussian model for ζ(t) of arbitrary but moderate bandwidth is presented, and an expression for the probability density function ƒb( ) of ζb(t) is derived. The results show clearly that the effect of wave breaking on the probability density function of surface elevation is to introduce a secondary hump on the positive side of the probability density function, a phenomenon also observed in wind wave tank experiments.


Weapons used for training within a system have to meet special requirements concerning the simulation of a shot. All preparatory actions for firing the shot have to be the same as for a real combat weapon: attaching the magazine, arming the weapon, reloading, entering the settings of the sight, and delivering the shot by pressing the detent. Soldiers firing with the virtual projectiles have to identify their shots not only by visual or acoustic ways, but by sensing the operation of the training weapon, as well. The analysis of the combat weapons parameters has indicated the most important of them for the process of simulated shooting: the mass of gun, the force of gun recoil, the jump of barrel at shooting, the scatter of projectiles fired with the barrel, the accuracy, the mechanical durability and rate of fire.


This paper is dedicated to the question of measuring lightning continuous currents on the basis of a Rogowski coil. A precise capturing of lightning continuous current (CC — upward lightning from tall objects [1]) via Rogowski coil is one of the most difficult issues. First of all, the parameter ranges of CC should be known in order to design of precise measuring equipment on the basis of Rogowski coil. One of such important parameter of CC is its range of rate of change di/dt. The necessary data of CC has been obtained by real measurements carried out at ORS Gaisberg communication tower in Austria [2], [3], [4]. Also, the common difficulties by measuring of CC on the basis of Rogowski coil, such as superimposing of lightning impulse currents during CC, appropriate time constant for integrator, are discussed. Initial investigation by designing of appropriate measuring circuit was done with help of network simulation software. Then the optimized circuit was built and tested in the lab. The results of simulations as well as measurements are presented.


Electricity plays a vital role in our day-to-day life. Our buildings, organizations, industries, hospitals, agricultures and in fact our whole economy get power from it. Power sector play very importantrole for enhancing economic growth and promoting equitable regional development. In Gujarat state, there is a considerable development of power sector after reformation of Gujarat Electric Board.The GEB was restructured into seven companies one each for generation and transmission, four distribution companies (Discoms) and a holding company known as Gujarat Urja Vikas Nigam Limited (GUVNL). There are four power distribution companies of Gujarat state like Paschim Gujarat Vij Company Ltd., Uttar Gujarat Vij Company Ltd., Madhya Gujarat Vij Company Ltd. and Dakshin Gujarat Vij Company Ltd. A financial statement furnish information pertaining to strength of particular Companies so here I, as a researcher,has made sincere efforts to measure the profitability of power distribution companies by applying different methods of analysis like comparative statement, common size statement, trend percentage, ratio analysis etc.


The identification of allotropic transition of the metallic β-Sn to non-metallic α-Sn in Sn-rich solders joints is crucial for electronics working in sub-zero temperatures. This phenomenon was characterized by electrical resistance measurements in SnCu1 and Sn99Ag0.3Cu0.7 alloys inoculated with InSb, CdTe and α-Sn. Samples were stored at −18 ◦C for 10 weeks. The transition showed characteristic differences at the different alloys and inoculators, like different nucleation, growth and the saturation stages. Although the presence of α-Sn initiates the transition faster than the other inoculators, but the higher diffusion rate of the non-tin inoculators results in much more serious destruction of the samples. The results of the electrical resistance measurements were validated with metallurgical cross-sections.


Visamäki, Hämeenlinna Degree Programme in Construction Engineering Author Teodor Daskalov Year 2015 Commissioned by Windmill Skate Company Subject of Bachelor's thesis Concrete Skateparks– Design and construction of a skateboarding recreational facility


Human explanations of high-level decisions are often expressed in terms of key concepts the decisions are based on. In this paper, we study such concept-based explainability for Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). First, we define the notion of completeness, which quantifies how sufficient a particular set of concepts is in explaining a model's prediction behavior based on the assumption that complete concept scores are sufficient statistics of the model prediction. Next, we propose a concept discovery method that aims to infer a complete set of concepts that are additionally encouraged to be interpretable, which addresses the limitations of existing methods on concept explanations. To define an importance score for each discovered concept, we adapt game-theoretic notions to aggregate over sets and propose ConceptSHAP. Via proposed metrics and user studies, on a synthetic dataset with apriori-known concept explanations, as well as on real-world image and language datasets, we validate the effectiveness of our method in finding concepts that are both complete in explaining the decisions and interpretable. (The code is released at this https URL)


A mineral methane gas drainage pipe comprises a pipe body, wherein two ends of the pipe body are welded with flanges or fast joints, and the pipe body is formed by welding a carbon structural steel cold rolled steel strip, a stainless steel strip and a stainless steel composite steel strip in spiral winding mode. For every two adjacent steel strips, one steel strip is subjected to flanging, the steel strip and the other steel strip are subjected to flanging overlapping, and simultaneously a unique reinforced vault rib structure is formed through spiral winding welding. Whether to coat materials not generating gases hurting human bodies and having a good flame retardant effect on an inner layer and an outer layer of a main body is determined according to difference in materials, and the pipe body is led to be corrosion resistant, antistatic and long in service life. The pipe body is light in weight due to the fact that the pipe body is formed by welding the steel strips in spiral winding mode, and the self-designed fast joints lead the pipe body to have good sealing performance and high pressure loading capacity.


As the robots are advancing beyond the conventional fields i.e manufacturing and automation, we need more than the conventional rigid robots as the robots are more interacting with human, we need some safety as rigid robots can easily harm humans.Soft robotics is the perfect solution when the interaction between the humans and robots increases, as soft robots cannot harm the humans or objects they are interacting with. Also, the main attraction of using soft material for making robots are Low cost, high compliance and easy control.This project report is about using Pneu-nets for making a soft gripper.In this paper, a tri-fingered gripper is made using Pneu-nets is made and tested to grasp and hold various objects with varying size, weights and geometry.


Pharyngeal critical pressure (Pcrit) is the lowest inner pressure to keep the upper airway patency, rep-resenting the severity of upper airway collapsibility. Pcrit is based on the mathematical rule of Starling- Resistormodel, and can be checked up by forced oscillation technique (FOT). It is proposed that therapeutic principle forsleep apnea hypopnea syndrome: to treat etiologically, keep upper airway patency, prevent and cure the complica-tions.


Neutrinoless double beta decay experiments are well recognized as the most powerful probes of the nature of the neutrinos (whether they are Dirac or Majorana particles), their absolute mass scale and the neutrino mass hierarchy. Observation of the decay would require physics beyond the Standard Model and it is the only process, which allows to experimentally the limit effective neutrino masses down to the meV level. The GERDA – GERmanium Detector Array – experiment searches for the neutrinoless double beta decay decay of the 76Ge isotope. It uses a matrix of High Purity Germanium detectors enriched in 76Ge from the natural abundance of 7.8% to about 86%. In the searches for rare nuclear processes, like the above mentioned decay, one of the critical parameters of the detectors is their background, which needs to be reduced to an unprecedentedly low level, making the experiment practically "background-free". Pulse Shape Discrimination methods, developed in the frame of this study, are essential to achieve that goal. The presented work covers development and application of the technique to the GERDA Phase II data, as well as to g-ray spectrometers, for which the decrease of the Compton continuum background increases their sensitivity. The method was tested on the germanium detectors with different geometries, namely semi-coaxial and Broad Energy Germanium, yielding very good results in both cases.


Existing design techniques for waveguide slot arrays have certain limitations. This doctoral thesis presents a detailed mathematical derivation to account for higher-order coupling between main line slots and neighbouring radiating slots. New expressions are derived for the coupling slot equivalent impedance that accommodate phase differences between scattering parameters and higher-order coupling. The thesis also presents a design method that accounts for arbitrary levels of waveguide loss, and one that takes asymmetry of slot fields into account. In addition, a new single-layer feed structure capable of providing arbitrary complex power split ratios to variable branch line impedance is proposed.


Aggregation of local sensor observations is a widely used and powerful approach to estimating the global state of large networked systems. However, guaranteeing the integrity of the aggregate remains an open problem, in particular for dynamic networked systems. We consider this problem in a single aggregator model - a system of several networked sensors and one inherently trusted collector - and propose a simple, yet effective, system design for ensuring integrity, supported by a proof-of-concept prototype.


Since November 2010 the European Commission has been investigating whether Google's business practices comply with European competition law. The Commission has identified four conducts that may violate Article 102 TFEU. To bring the investigation to an end, Google has offered several commitments in April 2013 to meet the identified concerns. Based on a formal Market Test, the Commission will have to decide whether the commitments suffice to settle the case or whether other measures are required (I.). This article provides an overview of the Commission's preliminary findings (II.), explains the remedies currently proposed by Google (III.) and assesses the impact of those remedies (IV.), before drawing a conclusion as to the effectiveness of such proposals (V.).


1 We are indebted to Pim Heijnen and Marco Haan for providing us with the gasoline price data and the list of gas stations operating in the Netherlands. Thanks also go to Corine Hoeben for giving us the data on municipal taxes in the Netherlands. Abstract This paper examines how the distribution of prices changes with the number of competitors in the market. Using gasoline price data from the Netherlands we …nd that as competition increases, the distribution of prices spreads out: the low prices go down while the high prices go up, on average. As a result, competition has an asymmetric e¤ect on prices. These …ndings, which are consistent with a theoretical model where consumers di¤er in the information they have about prices, imply that consumers'gains from competition depend on their shopping behavior. In our data, all consumers, irrespective of the number of prices they observe, bene…t from an increase in the number of gas stations. The magnitude of the welfare gain, however, is greater for those consumers that are aware of more prices. We conclude that an increase in the number of gas stations has a positive but unequal e¤ect on the welfare of consumers in the Netherlands.


THE Persian occupation of Egypt elicited from its inhabitants a predictable range of reactions. 1 Some collaborated, some opposed, most had recourse to acquiescence in a situation which they may not have relished, but could do nothing to change. It is the purpose of the present paper to study the first of these reactions by analysing in depth the most detailed of all surviving texts which give expression to it. The text in question is the inscription on the naophorous statue of Udjahorresnet which was set up in the temple of Neith at Sais during the reign of Darius I, probably about Regnal Year 3, i.e. C.519 B.C., and discusses the relations between the owner, on the one hand, and Cambyses and Darius on the other." This document has already been the subject of much good work, and distinguished contributions to its understanding have been made particularly by Posener and Otto. Both have rightly detected an apologetic dimension designed to excuse Udjahorresnet's policy of co-operation, but a great deal remains to be said in defining the psychological and cultural concepts which governed his attitude, and it is this concern which forms the main burden of what follows. Attitudes are the product of the interaction between culturally determined


Objective To evaluate the influence of two different education approaches on diabetic knowledge of type Ⅱ diabetes.Methods 79 type Ⅱ diabetes cases were collected from March 2010 to May 2010,and divided into experimental group and control group according to admission time.Experimental group was those in the first-half,and received figure dialogue education.Control group was those in the last-half,and received traditional heath education.Diabetes knowledge assessment questionnaire was used to evaluate knowledge level before and after education.Results Knowledge level was higher after education than that before education in both groups.No differences was found between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ).All subjects in experimental group thought figure education could improve the study interesting,68.3% subjects thought mastering knowledge about diabetes was useful,and 80.0% subjects expect discussion by group.However,74.4% subjects in control group thought traditional education could improve the study interesting,15.4% subjects thought mastering knowledge about diabetes was useful,and 46.2% subjects expect discussion by group.Conclusions Compare with traditional education,figure education although could not increase the knowledge level about diabetes significantly,but could highly increase the interesting of study.

Key words:
Diabetes;  Health education;  Comparative study


Objective: To optimize semi-bionic extraction technology of compound Tianma Gouteng orally disintegrating tablets. Method: With composite score of gastrodin,rhomotoxine,paeoniflorin and ferulic acid extraction amounts as index,L9( 34) orthogonal test was adopted to investigate effects of the amount of water, extracting time and temperature on semi-bionic extraction technology. HPLC was used to determine contents of gastrodin,paeoniflorin and ferulic acid, mobile phase were acetonitrile-0. 05% phosphoric acid( 3 ∶ 97), acetonitrile-0. 1% phosphoric acid( 14 ∶ 86) and acetonitrile-0. 1% phosphoric acid( 17 ∶ 83), detection wavelength were 220,230 and 316 nm, respectively; The content of rhomotoxine was determined by UV. Result: Optimum extraction technology was as follows: extracted 2 h with 12 times the amount of water at 60 ℃; Total extraction amounts of gastrodin, rhomotoxine, paeoniflorin and ferulic acid in five times the amount of prescriptions medicines were 0. 479,1. 276,4. 802 and 0. 061 g, respectively. Conclusion: This optimized extraction process was stable and feasible, which was suitable for industrial production of compound Tianma Gouteng orally disintegrating tablets.


Travel agents (TA) play an important role in the tourism system, providing information and intermediating the purchase of tourism products. The relevance of these players is higher to the accessible tourism market, due to the various environmental, attitudinal and informational constraints that people with disabilities (PwD) face in carrying out a tourism trip. To overcome some of the information constraints, communication channels, such as websites, used by TA, should be accessible for all people, regardless of their psychological and physical abilities. To accomplish this aim, in this study the website accessibility of (TA) located in the Central Region of Portugal was examined. Based on the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.0, a sample of 182 websites was analyzed, considering the three-conformance level of WCAG (A, AA and AAA) and using two automatic evaluation tools (AccessMonitor and "Test de Accesibilidade Web"—TAW). Results show that the websites of TA reveal several problems in relation to accessibility, particularly in the basic accessibility requirements (level A of the WCAG). Moreover, several problems were identified, mainly in the perceivable and robust principals. The paper ends with some guidelines to increase the level of web accessibility of TA.


This article describes how an evidence-based approach was used to determine the most effective interventions to support the health of the children and adolescents of the Central Sydney Area.


What is really great in Russia are the little books for children. I do mean little books, for I'm talking here about books for preschoolers, about little booklets of fifteen to thirty pages. They have a number of unmistakable features. First of all, almost all of them are in verse. That is, in language that children not only love but create themselves, their own language. (There aren't any children without their own poems, just as there aren't any peoples who have no songs.) The second feature (without which the first, i.e., the verse itself, is simply a sin) is the quality of the verse itself—superb. You read it and exclaim and ask, "Who wrote this?" No one in particular.


true. Biography and memoirs can never be wholly true, since they can't include every conceivable circumstance of what happened. The novel can do that. The novelist himself lays it down. His decision is binding. The biographer, even at his highest and best, can only be tentative, empirical. The autobiographer, for his part, is imprisoned in his own egotism. He must always be suspect. In contrast with the other two, the novelist is a god, creating his man, making him breathe and walk. The man, created in his own image, provides information about the god. In a sense you know more about Balzac and Dickens from their novels, than Rousseau and Casanova from their Confessions.


Abstract A high-speed photographic film record of a Taylor impact experiment was analysed to determine the strain, strain rate and stress. The stress was calculated on the basis of an interpretive analysis by Taylor involving the motion of a plastic wave in the material. The data on drawn OFE copper produced stresses from 300 to 400 MPa, for strains between 0 and 45 per cent. The strain rate approximation produced a peak value of 11 000 s−1. The strain rate data showed a wide range of values in the plastically deforming region.


In this work, we have produced Bi2FeCrO6 oxides (BFCO) by sol-gel technique and pulsed laser deposition (PLD). By sol-gel, precursors in solution were prepared, which are then deposited by centrifugation on silicon or quartz substrates. The numerous structural (XRD) and optical images (SEM, TEM) analyses carried out on these BFCO films show that the films are fairly homogeneous but exhibit many parasitic phases, which they can be partly eliminated by rapid thermal annealing. Finally, we present the first results obtained on BFCO-SG perovskite devices. On the other hand, BFCO films were deposited on STO and Nb:STO substrates. Their structural, optical and electrical properties are presented. High-quality epitaxial growth and pure-phase films are demonstrated by X-ray diffraction. We show that the band gap of the PLD-BFCO films can be tuned from 1, 9 to 2.6 eV thanks to the variation of growth conditions. Theoretical calculations has confirmed the observed behavior and highlight the importance of the ordering phase. The ferroelectric properties of the PLD films are studied by the piezoresponse force microscopy. Illumination is shown to have a strong effect on polarization. We show that the polarization memory affects the photovoltaic response. Finally, devices based on BFCO are manufactured and their photovoltaic properties are analyzed.


The growth-depressing effect of a raw soya-bean diet (RSD) on chicks and rats is well established (Liener, 1962). Pancreatic hypertrophy was observed in both species when given RSD (Chernick, Lepkovsky & Chaikoff, 1948; Booth, Robbins, Ribelin & DeEds, 1960; Alumot & Nitsan, 1961). It was found that chicks given RSD showed markedly depressed proteolytic activity in the small intestine during the first hours after food ingestion (Alumot & Nitsan, 1961). On the other hand, observations reported by Lyman & Lepkovsky (1957) indicate an increased proteolytic activity in the small intestine of rats given RSD. In earlier work in our laboratory evidence was obtained that the chick's caecums play an important part in the utilization of raw soya-bean protein (Nitsan & Alumot, 1963). It was the purpose of this work to compare the nutritional effects of RSD on birds and mammals, and to investigate the proteolytic activity in the small intestine and caecum of both under the same conditions. The growth-depressing action of RSD when given to rats can be overcome to a great extent by addition of antibiotics (Gebhardt & Columbus, 1957; Borchers, 1958, 1961 ; Braham, Bird & Baumann, 1959). The influence of antibiotics on chicks given RSD was therefore examined as well. The experiments were designed to study whether the action of antibiotics on growth of rats and chicks is connected with enhanced proteolysis in the small intestine or caecum, or both, or if there are any other reasons for the positive effect of antibiotics added to RSD. The comparison of the effect of RSD on the two types of animal may contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism of the growth retardation induced by RSD.


OF THE DISCLOSURE A new shielding and sealing gasket material which com prises parallel, spaced apart continuously corrugated, elec trically conductive wires which are supported in a homo geneous resilient body of material. Each wire defines a longitudinal axis extending between its opposite ends, with successive corrugations extending on opposite sides of the axis. The number of corrugations per inch and the corrugations' peak to peak spacing being easily variable. The method for producing the material includes the steps of forming a stack of sheets of plastic resilient material, with a separate plurality of parallel, spaced apart continu ously corrugating wires between adjacent sheets, followed by a step of bonding the sheets together to form a homo geneous resilient body of material. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the invention The present invention relates to shielding and sealing gasket material and, more particularly, to a new type of material and to improved methods of manufacturing the material to form gaskets, which effectively prevent elec trical energy from escaping joined enclosed containers, and which at the same time, provide a liquid or gas tight sealing therebetween. Description of the prior art : The usefulness and advantages of gaskets, which are capable of providing both electrical shielding, by prevent ing electrical shielding, by preventing electrical energy, such as in the radio frequency (RF) range, fro escaping joined enclosed containers, thereby providing RF shield ing, and at the same time providing a liquid or gas tight seal at said joints are well known. A considerable number of different types of gasket ma terials, capable of providing both electrical shielding and sealing properties, have been devised and are commer cially available. One type, which theoretically provides superior proper ties is shown and described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,885,459. In said type, shielding, suppressing the escape of RF energy at the joints, as well as suppressing radio noise, is achieved by providing a gasket material comprising a multiplicity of small wires, insulated from one another in parallel alignment in a resilient rubber type material. The ends of the wires, which are exposed on opposite sides of a gasket, made from such a material, engage the mating surfaces to be joined, thereby providing electrical con ductivity therebetween, in a direction perpendicular to the mating surfaces, while the resilient material between the joint surfaces provides the gas tight seal therebe tween. Pat. No. 2,885,459 also teaches two methods of manufacturing such gasket material. The limitations of the teachings in Pat. No. 2,885,459 are discussed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,126,440, particular at tention being directed to column 2, lines 1-36. As pointed out therein, the methods of Pat. No. 2,885,459 are im practical since the wires, with the single angle bend, tend to rotate in the rubber material during a cutting step. O


The cracks were prepared on the surface of hot pressed and sintred SiC/Al2O3 composite sample by indentation methed.SiC/Al2O3 composite with surface cracks was treated for healing cracks at 1 000-1 400℃ for different time.The effects of heating processes on bending strength were investigated,and the healing mechanism was studied.The results show that as the treatment temperature and time increase the cracks on the sample surface tend to be healed up and shortened,thus the bending strength increases.The bending strength of samples healing at 1 300℃ for 4h restores up to 583.61MPa which is close to 600.6MPa of intact samples.While further increase the healing temperature and holding time,large amount of CO(or CO2)gas generated can be hardly released or leads to the formation of pores on the surface,which is unfavourable to recovery of the bending strength.The improved bending strength is attributed to the mechanism of SiO2 derived from reaction of SiC+O2→SiO2+CO(CO2)to fill in the cracks.


This workshop provided an opportunity for participants to work with Design Factory New Zealand (DFNZ) principles to experience learning as a multidisciplinary team, working on a complex problem.
Participants had a chance to see how DFNZ acts as a transformation agent within students, staff, institution and the wider community.
DFNZ as a curriculum allows students to explore new themes that challenge the usual paradigms. We encourage students to take ownership of their learning, to be open minded, and to have the freedom to respond to solutions without the shackles of a traditional design process driven by cost.
By partnering with industry and exposing students to create solutions for real world problems, DFNZ has the aim of producing global citizens who have a better chance of succeeding in the workplaces of the future.
Currently DFNZ has facilitated learning to students from Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Communication, Information Technology, Business, Design and Sports Science.
Industry partners working with the DFNZ team tap into a pool of carefully selected and motivated students who are supported to come up with innovative and holistic solutions to their problems. Industry can use DFNZ as an opportunity to solve specific and existing needs of the company, or utilise fresh thinking to approach complex and wider issues. Involvement with the Design Factory can provide industry with critical strategic insight.


This article took the mining circular lifting safety device as the object of study. Analysed the working principle of safety device when accident happened. And do reliability analysis of the safety brake's braking ability. Then do dynamics simulati-on by Adams to get changing curves of safety braking pressure in the process of br-aking.


In this new Next Page column, Erin Duran, LGBTQA Advisor and Residential Life Coordinator, shares with us the name of the author he appreciates even more now that he knows said author is from his home state of Texas, which title caught his attention as a sixth grader (and the hit song played on repeat while reading!), and which authors he frequently recommends to students for their challenging (in a good way) discussion of LGBTQA topics.


Abstract.We study diophantine properties of a typical point with respect to measures on
$\mathbb{R}^n .$
 Namely, we identify geometric conditions on a measure μ on
$\mathbb{R}^n $
 guaranteeing that μ-almost every
${\bf y}\,\in\,\mathbb{R}^n $
 is not very well multiplicatively approximable by rationals. Measures satisfying our conditions are called 'friendly'. Examples include smooth measures on nondegenerate manifolds; thus this paper generalizes the main result of [KM]. Another class of examples is given by measures supported on self-similar sets satisfying the open set condition, as well as their products and pushforwards by certain smooth maps.


A new type Al-Ti-B-RE master alloy used as aluminum grain refiner has been prepared by mix-melting method.During preparation all the Ti,KBF4 and RE should be added into the melting aluminum at the same time.The characteristics of this technology as follows:product quality is stable,production efficiency is high and energy consumption is low.The holding time and stirring way of the melted aluminum for producing the master alloy have been investigated.The microstructure of the Al-Ti-B-RE master alloy has been analyzed by SEM.The feasibility and reasonableness of the technology parameters used for the master alloy preparation are confirmed.


This paper derives a new termination criterion for Lemke's linear complementarily algorithm which is applied to the problem of computing a capital stock invariant under optimization for an economy with a linear technology and piecewise linear utility. We derive a condition which guarantees that the computed solution is nontrivial. When the economy has a Leontief technology and linear utility, we give a method for solving the associated linear complementarily problem in $O ( n^3 )$ operations.


s with Programs 26:333. Johnson, K., and D. Nichols. 1994. Fossil plants and the Cretaceous Tertiary boundary in the northern great plains-the best terrestrial argument for an abrupt catastrophe. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs 26:395. Keller, G. 1994. Global biotic effects of the KT boundary event: mass extinction restricted to low latitudes? Lunar and Planetary Institute Contribution 825:57-58. Markwick, P. J. 1994. Crocodilian distribution and diversity across the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. Implications for climatically induced extinction. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs 26:395.s with Programs 26:395. Marshall, C. R. 1994. Using the ammonite fossil record to predict the position of the KT boundary Ir anomaly on Seymour This content downloaded from 220.127.116.11 on Fri, 09 Sep 2016 04:07:18 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms ^4M ATTT, CW T TWs RPCC)RD 247 Island, Antarctica. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs 26:394. Raup, D. M., and D. Jablonski. 1994. Lack of selective extinction among end-Cretaceous bivalves. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs 26:394. Schultz, P. 1994. Impact angle effects of global lethality. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs 26:333. Sharpton, V. L., L. E. Marin, and B. C. Schuraytz. 1994. The Chicxulub multiring impact basin: evaluation of geophysical data, well logs, and drill core samples. Lunary and Planetary Institute Contribution 825:108-1 10. Sigurdsson, H., S. D'Hondt, and S. Carey. 1994. Impact extinction mechanisms: geochemistry of the target material. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs 26:333. Zinsmeister, W. J., and R. M. Feldmann. 1994. Antarctica, the forgotten stepchild: a view of the KT extinction from the high southern latitudes. Lunar and Planetary Institute Contribution


In the last decades, changes in disease patterns from infectious tochronicdiseaseshavemadehealth-relatedbehaviorsbecome critical to the public's health and well-being.1 In pregnancy, similarly, the adoption of health-related behaviors has been recognized as a powerful element to minimize the occurrence of adversematernal and perinatal outcomes and, consequently, improve woman and neonate's health. Moreover, it is well established that the intrauterine environment, which the fetus is exposed to, impacts not only the neonatal outcomes, but also program a susceptibility to long-term metabolic disease development.2 Gochman3 defined health behavior as "those personal attributes such as beliefs, expectations, motives, values, perceptions, and other cognitive elements; personality characteristics, including affective and emotional states and traits; and overt behavior patterns, actions, andhabits that relate to health maintenance, to health restoration, and to health improvement." Besides that, health-related behaviors are part of lifestyleand comprisemodifiablehealth factors.Here, our aimwas to discuss health-related behaviors involving diet, physical exercise (PE), healthyweightmaintenance, stressmanagement, sleep time, low alcohol intake, and non-smoking in the context of prenatal care. Studies have shown that maternal dietary behavior modulates epigenetic alterations that impacts on offspring outcomes throughout childhood and can persist into adulthood. Thus, optimizing the nutrition in the first 1,000 days of life is opportune to prevent and reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases in the future.4 In this sense, a health pattern of consumption, such as in the Mediterranean diet (rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, omega 3 fatty acids and monounsaturated fats), is associated with lower risk of premature birth and newborn small for gestational age (SGA). In contrast, the western dietary pattern, characterized by high consumption of saturated fat, sugar, and salt is correlated with a significant increase in adverse neonatal outcomes.5With regard tomaternal health, a healthy dietary patternwas associatedwith lower riskof gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)6 and hypertensive diseases7 andwas protective against inadequate gestational weight gain (GWG).8 According to a dietary guide for the Brazilian population, a healthy eating pattern should be based on the predominant consumption of fresh and minimally processed foods, decreased consumption of processed foods, and avoiding the consumption of ultraprocessed foods.9 Thus, guiding an adequate dietary pattern in pregnancy according to the degree of food processing may be a new approach for nutrition care to prevent or minimize the occurrence of unfavorable pregnancy outcomes. A growing body of evidence shows that the practice of PE during pregnancy reduces the risk of developing GDM, preeclampsia, and hypertensive disorders, in addition to the fact that PE prevents excessive GWG, cesarean section, and postpartum depression.10,11 Despite the benefits of PE during pregnancy, it is described that the majority of pregnant women do not engage in any type of PE and tend to decrease the intensity or level of physical activity in the gestational period.12 The literature shows that, in Brazil, 20% of pregnant women12 follow the current recommendations for the practice of PE, which propose the weekly accumulation of at least 150minutes of moderate intensity aerobic physical activity, at least 3 times per week.13 The PE and dietary patterns have been recognized as effective interventions for weight maintenance and obesity control.14,15 In pregnancy, however, the efforts to maintain a healthy weight are not directed towards weight loss, but towards stimulating adequate GWG. To date, there is no guideline for GWG based on the Brazilian population, and, therefore, the current recommendation follows the guidelines proposed by the Institute of Medicine (IOM), which are formulated as a range for each category of pregestational nutritional status (according to body mass index [BMI]) and according to the gestational period.16 However, just monitoring the weight at prenatal care visits is not sufficient to meet the weight gain recommendations.17 The preventative measures to avoid inadequate GWG are to instruct pregnant


Using the matching method,a class of singularly perturbed equations for large parameter with two turning points is discussed.The outer solutions and the interior layer solutions of the equations in different region are constructed respectively by Liouville-Green transformation and Airy function.The asymptotic solutions,i.e.five asymptotic expansions in different range,of the equations and four matching conditions among their five pairs of constants are obtained.


Elimination of the residual microorganisms from an infectious bone defects and the prevention of subsequent re-infection are of importance for chronic osteomyelitis treatment. The application of bone repair materials with antibacterial properties in such a condition has advantages. The present study reported a novel method to fabricate nanohydroxyapatite/polyurethane (n-HA/PU) based antibacterial porous scaffolds through immobilization "core-shell" silver-based mesoporous silica particles (Ag@SiO2), i.e., silver nanoparticle as core and mesoporous silica as shell, on the surface of n-HA/PU scaffold. The samples were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and antibacterial tests. The results revealed that the Ag@SiO2 nanoparticles distributed uniformly on the surface of n-HA/PU porous scaffold. The Ag@SiO2 could been kept on the surface of n-HA/PU porous scaffold more than 2 weeks, resulting in long-lasting the release of silver ions and antibacterial ability. The porous n-HA/PU scaffolds with an antibacterial surface may hold promise to be used in infectious bone defects repair.


The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently updated its guidelines on the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The new guidelines focus on treatment, but also discuss prevention strategies and diagnostic recommendations.


The effect of anisotropic surface tension on the growth behavior of column crystals at quasi-steady state is considered in this article. By using the method of asymptotic expansion,a mathematic expression is obtained to describe the interface patterns of column crystals,and the interface morphology change with different anisotropic parameters is discussed. The results show that anisotropic surface tension has a great effect on the interface morphology. During the initial stage,some part of the interface shrinks inward first,and then it starts to move outward after the shrink reaches a critical value. In the direction of preferred growth,the interface of column crystals grows faster. The effect of anisotropic surface tension leads to bulge formation of the interface. As the anisotropic parameters increase,the bulge formation gets obvious.


Intranasal (i.n.) immunization is an effective route for inducing mucosal immune responses especially in the upper respiratory tract and mouth. To characterize the cells involved in these responses, nasal lymphoid tissue (NALT; considered to be the equivalent of Waldeyer's ring in humans) of normal mice, and of mice immunized intranasally with a bacterial protein antigen conjugated to cholera toxin B subunit, was isolated and the lymphoid cells analysed according to surface phenotype, immunoglobulin and antibody secretion, and cytokine profile. Compared with cells obtained from Peyer's patches (PP), NALT cells contained a higher proportion of T cells, especially naive (CD45RB+hi) T‐helper cells, and fewer surface (s)IgA+ cells. Both tissues contained high proportions of sIgM+ IgD+ unswitched B cells. After i.n. immunization, IgA antibody‐secreting cells were increased, indicating that isotype switching and differentiation of B cells to IgA‐secreting cells occurred in NALT, whereas smaller numbers of antibody‐secreting cells were found in PP after intragastric (i.g.) immunization. Antigen‐specific memory cells persisted in NALT for at least 8 months after initial immunization. The cytokine expression profiles of antigen‐stimulated NALT and PP cells of immunized mice, revealed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis of mRNA, were similar. Both NALT and PP cells tended to express type 2 earlier or for longer than type 1 cytokine mRNA, but NALT cells tended to express interleukin‐4 (IL‐4) earlier, and IL‐5 for a longer period, than PP cells. Thus NALT shares with PP cell populations typical of a mucosal inductive site, including unswitched B cells and naive T‐helper (Th) cells. After i.n. immunization, NALT has the capacity to provide help for B‐cell maturation and differentiation, as well as to maintain immune memory.


The sucrose juice decolorizing process includes the following steps: low temperature phosphoric acid floating treatment of mixed juice in the purity of 78.19 AP and through preheating to 50 deg.c, adding phosphoric acid mixture, neutralizing with lime milk, inflating, adding flocculant and separating out neutral slime, to obtain clear juice of purity raised to 80.66 AP and color value lowered to 92.66 st deg; pre-decolorizing the clear juice heated to 75 deg.c with diatomite in 1.0 wt% of sucrose for 60 min to lower the color number to 75.23 st deg; and decolorizing the clear juice with active carbon in 1.0 wt% of sucrose for 30 min to further lower the color number to 30.70 st deg. The process has the advantages of no production of alkali slime, short technological process, high purity of obtained sucrose juice and greatly lowered color number.


Terry Quinn, From artefacts to atoms: the BIPM and the search for ultimate measurement standards. Oxford University Press, 2011. Pp. xxviii  +  432, £70.00 (hardback). ISBN 978-0-19-530786-3.

This is an epic time for world measurement. Over centuries, human beings have depended on physical


Some properties of relative projective covers of modules in the modular representation theory of finite groups will be discussed. Especially, we study effects of the Brauer constructions for relative projective covers of p-permutation modules. We also discuss some use of our results to investigate derived equivalences in the principal block algebras of finite groups with Sylow p-subgroup isomorphic to $M _{n+1}(p),$ $p$ odd. In we sections 1 2 We 3 and 4 which provide some results for proofs of theorems in sections 2. Section 5 is also included to give another examples with finite groups with Sylow p-subgroups $M _{n+1}(p)$ . Let $k$ be an algebraically closed of characteristic .


A three-dimensional theoretical model is established to predict the coefficients of thermal expansion for unidirectional fiber-reinforced composites. Based on ellipse cross-sections to approach to the actual state of transversely isotropic fibers, this thermo-elastic mechanics analysis reveals the influence of fiber azimuth angular variation, which is superior to other known theoretical solutions. Taking different material systems and some other theoretical solutions into consideration, we could find the theoretical predictions are consistent with the results of the finite element method and existing experiments and the proposed model offers better agreements. Particularly, we focus on the overflow phenomenon of the transverse coefficient at low fiber volume fractions, contributing to developing fiber-reinforced composite designability. For adapting to irregular fiber shape, this article is innovative with the fiber shape factor concept as the main point of cross-section shape effect. POLYM. COMPOS., 2017. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers


Many traditional culvert designs develop into fish barriers due to excessive channel degradation. Increased concern for and interest in better facilitating fish migration or passage through culverts have fostered alternative culvert designs. Such culvert designs include "buried-invert" and "bottomless" culverts. The goal of buried-invert and bottomless culvert designs is to minimize discontinuity between the adjacent natural channel reaches by, in most cases, installing a culvert of sufficient size as to span the entire channel width. The large culverts minimize the discontinuities in channel width and flow velocities between the culvert and the adjacent channel reaches. The buried-invert or bottomless culvert geometries also help natural sediment transport processes. Bottomless culvert research, to date, has primarily focused on fish passage; there is a limited understanding of the hydraulic characteristics of bottomless and buried-invert culverts.


Densities and viscosities of aqueous solutions of ethanolamine (MEA), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BmimBF4), and their mixtures were measured. The experiments covered the following mole fraction ranges: 1.00–9.38 mol % of BmimBF4 in its aqueous solutions, 3.94–21.97 mol % of MEA in its aqueous solutions, and 1.32–17.01 mol % of MEA + 5.10–34.02 mol % of BmimBF4 in the mixtures. The results are compared with available data in the literature and correlated using a semiempirical formula as functions of the temperature and concentration of MEA and BmimBF4. At the concentration suitable for the CO2 capture, the viscosity of the hybrid absorbent did not significantly increase by the addition of BmimBF4. Moreover, the addition of BmimBF4 reduced the Henry's law constant, which is significant for reaction kinetics.


Point spread function (PSF) defines the intensity of the diffraction image formed by the optical system for a point source. The PSF of an optical system varies with the field of the point source and such variance generally cannot be neglected. This paper proposes a realization method of full-field PSF—incorporating field dependence into the PSF matrix. Two practical optical systems with distinct degree of aberrations are chosen and the PSF using the method proposed with that obtained by direct integration are compared. The result and analysis suggest this method can obtain the PSF in any desired field at a fast speed and with relatively high accuracy.


Immune response may be dysregulated at multiple levels for multiple reasons, spanning from congenital defects to diseases, medical treatments, environmental and occupational exposures. The consequences of immune dysregulation, especially in the case of mild immune dysfunction, are not easy to predict, being dependent on several factors, but may be subtle in most cases. Adverse health outcomes like an increased susceptibility to infections, a higher risk of cancer or the development of autoimmune diseases may occur. Outdoor workers are exposed to several risk factors, partly depending on the working activity or the job performed and partly due to the features and variability of the outdoor environment itself. Outdoor environment generally implies the exposure to severe thermal conditions, meteorological agents, environmental pollutants and solar radiation. Some volatile organic compounds, heavy metals and many pesticide display immunotoxic properties. Solar radiation itself, through the UV component, may induce immunosuppressive effects, both locally and systemically. The ongoing climate change may have a profound impact on the levels of exposure to air pollutants, pesticides, solar radiation, biological agents and disease vectors. A detailed evaluation of the combined exposure to the above-mentioned risk factors is very difficult, given the number of factors involved, the spatial and temporal variability of exposure and the high number of jobs potentially conducted outdoor, but may contribute to the definition of the "exposome" for outdoor workers. The net effect on the immune response modulation and the occurrence of the related potential adverse health outcomes are hard to predict, but this topic is of great importance for a full implementation of occupational health and safety regulation in the case of outdoor workers. This implies an integrated approach in risk assessment, a detailed evaluation of the health status during health surveillance (with particular reference to the immune function) and a careful choice of a suitable combination of preventive and protective measures at individual level.


Eighteen experimentally naive male albino rats of the Holtzman strain were maintained on an alternate-day presentation schedule in which one of three ethanol concentrations (6, 12, or 24% by volume) was the sole liquid available (Crow, 1970). The effects upon this voluntary alcohol intake of inuaperitoneal injections of vasopressin synthetic (Calbiochem) or pitressin tannate (Parke, Davis) in amounts of 1, 234 or 5 units were observed in comparison with saline-injected controls. Each animal was exposed to every alcohol concentration, balancing for sequence effects, the pitressin injections being given immediately prior to the 24-hi-. alcohol ingestion period. Twelve of the animals were given only vasopressin synthetic and the remaining six were given only pitressin tannate. Dosages were kept constant within a given concentration sequence. The results showed no significant differences in amount of alcohol consumed as a function of any of the drug conditions imposed. The results of an increase in consumption of dilute alcohol concentrations found after lesions of the median eminence (Crow, 1971) which destroy the synthesis sites of antidiuretic hormone do not appear to have a simple corollary in the case of apparent superfluity of posterior pituitary principles.


Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a condition in which organs fall down or slip out of place and present as a bulge or herniation of a pelvic organ. POP is classified as a cystocele, rectocele, uterine prolapse, enterocele or vault prolapse. The prevalence of POP, based on a clinical evaluation, in general population of females was considered to be more than 30%, while prevalence based on vaginal bulge symptoms ranged between 5 and 10%. Symptomatic POP may cause substantial discomfort, lower quality of life and restrict daily activities. An estimated lifetime cumulative risk of 7-11% POP surgery has been reported and reoperation is common. Prevention and diagnosis of early symptoms is important. The incidence rate of POP stage ≥II is estimated to be between 18-56% 3 to 6 months' postpartum. Pregnancy, childbirth, and heavy lifting can weaken the structure of the vagina and cause POP. Treatment options vary depending on the severity of symptoms and the degree of prolapse. Conservative management includes lifestyle advice, pessary, pelvic floor muscle (PFM) training (PFMT), biofeedback, electrical stimulation, to mention some of the common interventions, and these are usually adopted for mild to moderate degrees of POP. Evidence suggests pessary and PFMT are also effective first-line treatments for women ABSTRACT


In this work, hydrophobic polyurethane foam was prepared using hy-drosilicone oil-grafted polybutadiene as soft segment via foaming technology. It was found that the hydrophobic polyurethane foams exhibited good hydrophobic capability and were regenerated easily. Of great interest, the hydrophobic polyurethane foams expand in contact with the oils. This indicates that the process of sorption by the hydrophobic polyurethane foams involves both the filling of the pores with oils and the absorption of oils by the polymer regions (polyurethane elastomer skeleton), and the adsorption capacity of the hydrophobic polyurethane foams can be enhanced by the swelling of the polyurethane elastomer skeleton. We can use this finding to improve the adsorption capacity of the hydrophobic polyurethane foams without merely changing the porosity. The effect of the swelling property of the hydrophobic polyurethane foams on the sorption capacity was further investigated. The results suggest that the hydrophobic polyurethane foams are promising in the application of oil spill recovery.


We consider a pair of identical two-level atoms interacting with a scalar field in one dimension, separated by a distance x{sub 21}. We obtain collective decaying states, belonging to a complex spectral representation of the Hamiltonian. The imaginary parts of the eigenvalues give the decay rates, and the real parts give the average energy of the collective states. In one dimension there is strong interference between the fields emitted by the atoms, producing cooperative effects even when the atoms are far apart. The decay rates and the energy oscillate with the distance x{sub 21}. Depending on x{sub 21}, the decay rates will either decrease, vanish, or increase as compared with the one-atom decay rate. We have sub- and superradiance at periodic intervals. Our model may be used to study two-cavity electron waveguides. The vanishing of the collective decay rates then suggests the possibility of obtaining stable configurations, where an electron is trapped inside the two cavities.


A moving resource FEM model for analyzing the temperature and stress fields of EBW in titanium plate was set up.The welding residual stress distribution rules in 6 mm thickness plane were researched for the three kinds of welding parameters by means of numerical model and stress measurement.The results show that there exists the longitude tensile residual stress in a very narrow region of weld and welding heat-affected zone.The biggest longitude tensile residual stress approaches to the yield stress of titanium alloy.The welding technology will affect the stress distribution greatly.The technology,in which the EBW is proceeded on the surface firstly and then on the back surface,will improve the residual distribution obviously.The residual stress measurements prove the above conclusions.


The reorganization of the public employment services (PES) may represent the mother of all challenges for the Jobs Act. This work will aim to understand the direction of change that Italian PES may undertake, analysing the impact of the new mechanisms introduced by the Jobs Act and paying particular attention to the features of the public-private governance of the system. Here, we will try to find some comprehensive indicators, in the attempt to summarise these different regional configurations, including also variables related to regional political systems. Then, in light of this operation, we will be able to analyse characteristics of local systems of PES, using a specific governance profile for each region, making some hypotheses based on very simple assumptions. At the same time, a term of comparison to understand the process of reform regarding Italian PES can be delivered from the comprehension of the German system of labour market policies, interested by a deep process of reorganization during the so called "Hartz reforms" in the Two-thousands. The context of the reform Last labour market reforms have brought in a new light the Italian system of public employment services (PES), gaining a renewed strategic role in the redefinition of the labour market policies of this country. In particular, here we are focusing on the delegation about the modernization of PES contained in the "Jobs Act" (law 183/2014). For this, much attention will be given to the decree 150/2015, with the institution of the new state agency called Agenzia Nazionale per le Politiche Attive


This paper seeks to examine the potential and capabilities of the Amazon Alexa for aiding the elderly in their own homes. The Alexa System is expected to work alongside eldercare robots in order to provide healthcare to the increasing elderly population. Amazon Alexa provides tools that allow Alexa Skills to be developed and tested. The Alexa Skills that were developed provided an alarm system to remind an elderly person to take their medications, a diet tracking system to keep track of meals and nutrition, and a Skill that would alert a caregiver if the elderly person has fallen down.


Background: Alopecia areata is a rare but debilitating adverse effect of drugs used in the treatment of tremors. Recurrent hair loss after different types of tremor medications has never been described before. Case Report: We herein report the case of a 56-year-old tremor patient who we diagnosed with tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease. Unfortunately, she developed acute alopecia areata following the introduction of firstly levodopa/benserazide, secondly propranolol, and thirdly topiramate. Discussion: Our case report highlights alopecia areata as a possible side effect to a variety of drugs commonly used for tremor management. Fortunately, in most reported cases, as well as in our case, the hair loss is reversible.