This research work was intended to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of the strategy reflective - tranformacional on learning of the punctuation of the written discourse in the pupils of the first year of the Faculty of Education at the National University of
Trujillo in 2010.
The population was 320 students and the sample size of 25 students as experimental group and 25 students as a control group, who applied the measuring instruments.
The procedures used were the statistics that we provide, beginning with the construction of tables, graphics building and applying statistical test of hypothesis testing to test the research hypothesis.
It was concluded that the implementation of the strategy reflective-tranformacional influences with a level of efficiency in significant learning of the score of the written discourse, in the thematic area, interoracional e intraoracional, of students of the 1ST year of the Faculty of Education at the National University of Trujillo.


Review(s) of: New approaches to medieval architecture, by Bork, Robert, William W. Clark, and Abby McGehee, eds, (AVISTA Studies in the History of Medieval Technology, Science and Art, 8), Farnham, Ashgate, 2011, hardback, pp. 258, 66 b/w illustrations, R.R.P. 65.00 pounds, ISBN 9781409422280.


e14186 Background: The human microbiome has been postulated to play a role in carcinogenesis, and there is evidence that commensal intestinal bacteria are capable of promoting tumor immunosurveillance and controlling the immune system's response to therapy by modulating the tumor microenvironment. Methods: We characterized the stool microbiome of 30 patients (pts) with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Analysis of composition of microbiomes (ANCOM) was used to identify differential abundant exact-sequence-variants (ESVs) with p-values adjusted using Benjamini-Hochberg False Discovery Rate (pFDR) correction. We correlated the stool microbiome with clinicopathologic features and response to treatment. Results: The cohort included 7 pts with metastatic breast cancer and 23 pts with early-stage disease. 19 pts were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Bacteroides ovatus ESV was enriched (pFDR < 0.05) in black pts (n = 14), whereas ESV from Prevotella copri was abundant (pFDR < 0.05) in white pts (n = 13). ESVs from Clostridium and family Ruminococcaceae were enriched (pFDR < 0.05) in pts with distant metastatic recurrence (n = 6) compared to pts without metastatic disease. Notably, we identified specific taxa that differentiated between pts with a pathological complete response to NACT (pCR, n = 6) and those with residual disease (n = 13). ESVs from Bacteroides and Ruminococcaceae were relatively more abundant in pts with a pCR (pFDR < 0.05). Furthermore, among pts with residual disease after NACT, Bacteroides caccae was significantly enriched in pts with a partial response (n = 4) compared to pts with no response (n = 9). Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first time that 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing has been used to identify microbial signatures correlating with clinical phenotypes and response to treatment in pts with TNBC. This small study provides insight into the potential role of microbes in novel therapeutic interventions to correct dysbiosis and shift towards a gut microbial ecosystem that enhances the body's immune response to TNBC.


Compares the difference of domestic generator insulating system with the foreign Co In order to satisfy the requirements of nuclear power generator, carried out the research of insulating materials, insulating structrue, insulating technology and electrical insulating tests for nuclear power generator developed many kinds of new insulating materials with insulating factory base on the foreign technology, which determined the new insulating technology structure, profect electrical insulating test meathods; promoted insulating test ability which were used to 300MW,600MW turbine generator units and Jiangya, Ertan hydrogenertor projects


Bug Prediction approaches have traditionally generated a lot of interest primarily due to potential savings in terms of cost, manpower and reputation. Consequently, a number of approaches have been suggested based on code metrics, process metrics, previous defects, testing metrics and multivariate models. With respect to granularity of prediction, these approaches predict at the class level, file level, package level or binary level. This paper presents a novel approach to bug prediction by utilizing test cases execution path in the code in release i and ranks the software functionalities or features in decreasing order for future defects in release (i+1) due to the code churn. The approach derives importance from two facts - 1) The prediction is done at the feature level, instead of class, file, package or binary level, since it is an accepted fact in software systems that certain features are more critical than others and faulty working of these features can jeopardize the entire software system 2) The approach suggested is non-intrusive, in the sense that it can be easily integrated into existing software development life cycle without significant efforts. Due to unavailability of feature-based test cases and relatively less number of features in open source projects, which is a necessary requirement of the study, case studies were performed on twelve releases of four industrial projects. Additionally, the predictive accuracy was evaluated on eight releases of these four industrial projects using normalized discounted cumulative gain. These studies indicate the validity of this approach and demonstrates that the presented approach has an average normalized discounted cumulative gain of 0.684 for predicting the top 10 faulty features.


The paper presents the calculation results for an optical system, used in a currently developed camera. The system transfers particle images of the volume under study to the region of holographic imaging. The calculation parameters are image location, resolution and adjustment tolerance.


Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) play a key role in many cellular processes. These interactions form the basis of phenomena such as DNA replication and transcription, metabolic pathway, signaling pathway, and cell cycle control. Knowing how proteins interact with each other can help the biological scientist understand the molecular mechanism of the cell. Unfortunately, the experimental methods of identifying PPIs are both time-consuming and expensive. Therefore, developing computational approaches for predicting PPIs would be of significant value. Here, we propose a novel method for predicting the PPI using distance frequency of amino acids grouped with their physicochemical properties (hydrophobicity, normalized van der Waals volume, polarity and polarizability) and PCA. First, the 20 basic amino acids were divided into three groups according to the four kinds of physicochemical property values. Second, the distance frequency feature extraction method was introduced to represent the protein pairs, and also fused the feature vectors extracted with four physicochemical properties to form different feature vector sets. Third, the PCA method was used to reduce the vector dimension, and support vector machine was adopted as the classifier. The overall success rate of our method for hydrophobicity, normalized van der Waals volume, polarity and polarizability are 89.88%, 89.72%, 89.28% and 89.24% in 10CV test, which are 6.65%, 8.05%, 9.72% and 8.09% higher than that of Guo's auto-covariance function feature extraction method respectively. The total predicting accuracy of fusing the four physicochemical properties arrives at 91.79%. The results show that the current approach is very promising for predicting PPI, and may become a useful tool in the relevant areas.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore how the difference between the sale price and list price of houses varies across the market cycle.Design/methodology/approach – The paper utilises quarterly transaction‐based information on house prices from the Belfast Metropolitan Area. The information is structured on a time series basis from 2002 to 2008. The analysis is concerned with the mean differences between list price and sale price, the standard deviation of the differences, the skewness and kurtosis of the distributions.Findings – The results show that under normal market conditions the mean deviation between list price and sale price is small circa 1 per cent. However, the departure between list price and sale price becomes substantial on both the up‐ and down‐cycles of the market. The analysis shows that the highest mean positive deviation of 12.1 per cent occurred in the first quarter of 2007 and two quarters before sale prices peaked, suggesting that buyer bidding behaviour was changing pr...


Organic electroluminescent lighting (OLED) is expected to become one of the next generation lighting devices. In this research, we investigated the impression of a space illuminated by either flat-type LED lighting panels or OLED panels by changing the area of the illumination. The experiment was conducted with a small box in which miniature furniture was placed. Subjects rated the impression of the room for 20 adjective items in five steps while observing the model of the living room. From the results of the rated values, we found that the space illuminated by the surface-emitting type illumination will increase the impression of "brightness" and "uniformity" as the area of illumination increases. Moreover, OLED lighting was found superior in many items, such as "warm" and "soft". From the results of factor analysis, several factors were extracted, such as "amenity", "activeness", and "personality". INTRODUCTION In recent years, Organic Electro-Luminescence (OLED) lighting has been attracting attention as a next-generation illuminant. This type of lighting has several important features including a wide range of illumination, thickness, and flexibility. The researches dealing with OLED in practical use, however, have just started and it is essential to explore various aspects of OLEDs before it enters the market. One of the biggest differences between OLED and other lighting devices is that OLED is a surface-emitting light source. When installed as a ceiling light, it is possible to place many OLED panels right next to each other to occupy a large area of a ceiling. Compared with conventional point or line light sources such as incandescent and fluorescent lamps, the setting of area light sources can cast shadows of the objects in a completely different way. As a result, OLED may mediate a different impression of the space. The purpose of this research is to find the effects of the relative ratio of the light source to the ceiling on the impression of the space under its illumination. Moreover, a flat-panel type LED lighting panel, which looks similar to an OLED panel, has recently entered the market. In order to find the differences in LED and OLED under a similar way of lighting, we repeated the same experiments for both light sources to find any potential effects of the light source on the impression of a space. PA 17


Several health-system pharmacy leaders have cited the importance of developing leadership and managerial skills to the continued growth of quality pharmacy services.[1][1]–[5][2] Zellmer[2][3] emphasized the need for continuous development of practice leaders to close the gap between formal


The article considers life resources as a combination of factors that ensure the biological, psychological and social well-being of the individual. Based on empirical data, the comparative analysis of "factors of stability", allowing to cope with difficult life situations for different categories of youth or adapt to them, is given.


Abstract : The OH layer located in the region of 85 km altitude emits strong infrared radiation. Gravity waves can be modulate the brightness of this layer over a wide range of spatial scales. Such fluctuations constitute, in effect, a form of IR clutter which could potentially degrade surveillance systems in certain situations. For this reason there is interest in the spatial and temporal variations of atmospheric internal gravity waves. A physical, similitude model of internal gravity waves assumes saturation of the waves and control by cascade processes of the temporal and horizontal scales of the waves. This model contains all the power spectral densities (PSD's) (sometimes merely called spectra) to be found in the formalism of Garrett and Munk. The latter is a purely empirical model for internal gravity waves applicable to the atmosphere and ocean. The main new predictions of the present model are that the dissipation rate controls the amplitudes of the frequency and horizontal wave number spectra. The validity of the proposed model is unknown at this time, and will depend upon the future experimental tests. It is shown, however, that based on 'typical' parametric values, results from the model are encouraging.


The spectrographic analysis of volatile acids in a high-purity form is reviewed and a procedure presented that involves evaporation of a 100-g sample under temperature controlled contamination-free conditions and emission spectrography using dc-arc excitation under controlled atmosphere. In the evaporation, graphite (10 mg) is added as a collector, sulfuric acid to convert to less volatile sulfates (with acetic, hydrochloric, and nitric acids), and also mannitol to retain boron (with hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids). Indium is added as a internal standard. Spectra are examined for 33 elements against a multielement standard in graphite containing indium as an internal standard. For the concurrent analysis of three samples, the elapsed time is 4–10 h and the actual working time 3–5 h. Recovery studies are reported as well as the use of the procedure in the assessment of the leaching of borosilicate glass by concentrated mineral acids.


Simple Summary This paper identifies the various perceptions held by advocates and opponents about the use of the whip in thoroughbred racing, as portrayed in print and social media. Three time periods in two countries were investigated, Australia (2009) and the UK (2011), following the introduction of new whip rules and the period August 2014–August 2015 for both countries to identify whether perceptions had changed. The major area of contention between advocates and opponents was whether the whip is an essential tool or a cruel instrument. This tension remained in 2015. The research also revealed that people opposed to the whip were more likely to express their views on social media than in print media. Abstract Changing social values and new technologies have contributed to increasing media attention and debate about the acceptable use of animals in sport. This paper focuses on the use of the whip in thoroughbred horse racing. Those who defend its use argue it is a necessary tool needed for safety, correction and encouragement, and that it does not cause the horse any pain. For those who oppose its use, it is an instrument of cruelty. Media framing is employed to unpack the discourses played out in print and social media in the UK (2011) and Australia (2009) during key periods of the whip debate following the introduction of new whip rules. Media coverage for the period August 2014–August 2015 for both countries is also considered. This paper seeks to identify the perceptions of advocates and opponents of the whip as portrayed in conventional and social media in Australia and the UK, to consider if these perceptions have changed over time, and whose voices are heard in these platforms. This paper contributes to discussions on the impacts that media sites have either in reinforcing existing perspectives or creating new perspectives; and importantly how this impacts on equine welfare.


The invention discloses an air compressor with a rotating device, and specifically relates to a rotating device of the air compressor, whose rotating assembly connected to a piston body and a weight rotating disc are formed in an integral manner, the weight rotating disc is a weight unsymmetrical design so that the inertia force generated during downstrokes enables the weight rotating disc of the rotating device to provide more torsion and reduce resistance during upstrokes, the piston body is driven by a motor to conduct reciprocating linear motion smoothly in a cylinder, and thus the service lifetime of the air compressor can be increased.


As part of an investigation of the optimum growth conditions for the preparation of strained MQW InAlGaAs lasers for operation at 1.3 /spl mu/m, one to six quantum well structures, with up to 1.4% strain, have been grown at temperatures in the range 470 to 585/spl deg/C. Deposition of both digital and bulk alloy layers was carried out in a V80H system, on two- and three inch n-InP substrates, and growth temperatures were monitored using absorption band-edge thermometry. The basic MQW structures consisted of 10 nm lattice matched confinement layers of digital alloy InAlGaAs (/spl sim/1.0 /spl mu/m bandgap), or bulk InAlAs, bounding 6 nm layers of digital alloy In/sub 0.73/Al/sub 0.165/Ga/sub 0.105/As.


The influences of magnetic-laser therapies and peloelectrophoresis on teenagers with sympathocotonic high-pressure vessel type in displasia of a connecting tissue and a comparative estimation of efficiency of these methods are considered in the article.


Integrated muscle action potentials were recorded from frontalis muscles as subjects listened to a tape-recorded story through headphones. Subjects were tested once only in alone, audience or concealed-audience situations after a period of relaxation. The three experimental groups contained equal numbers of men and women and were matched for EMG resting levels and EMG gradients obtained in previous experimental sessions. It was found that levels of muscle tension were generally higher in the audience and concealed-audience conditions than in the alone condition. The group differences did not tend to diminish with time and there were no sex differences. The results are discussed in terms of the 'mere presence' theory of social facilitation.


We study the strength of effective CP violation originating from the CKM matrix in the effective action obtained by integrating out the fermions in the Standard Model. Using results obtained by Salcedo for the effective action in a general chiral gauge model, we find that there are no CKM CP-violating terms to fourth order in a gauge-covariant derivative expansion that is non-perturbative in the Higgs field. The details of the calculation suggest that, at zero temperature, the strength of CP violation is approximately independent of the overall scale of the Yukawa couplings. Thus, order of magnitude estimates based on Jarlskog's invariant could be too small by a factor of about 1017.


ABSTRACT Biological psychiatry has four principal modes of investigation but each has been flawed by errors in procedure and inference such that the bulk of existing findings must be called into question. Pedigree studies are ruined by selective adoption, the use of "throw‐away kids" to demonstrate so‐called genetic effects, lack of case history data, and lapses in "blind" diagnosis. In particular, the Danish adoption studies are challenged, despite the field's insistence that this research has settled the nature‐nurture controversy in schizophrenia. Pharmacological‐response studies are the next line of methodology and these are marred by a spurious assumption that drugs which work must be correcting a biochemical imbalance that causes the condition. Thirdly, neuropsychological‐neurophysiological studies are "heuristic" fishing‐expeditions to find a presumed abnormality to account for psychopathology, without doing the prospective longitudinal research necessary to validate such theory. Lastly, biochemical correlates of emotion are treated as if each emotion must have a distinct neuronal substrate rather than possibly representing a general visceral arousal where cognition defines the feeling. All told, biological psychiatry is often more reductionist than acknowledged, does not come up to current scientific standards, and uncritically cites work which is, or should be, discredited. At the heart of the problem is an implicit ideology within biological psychiatry, with insufficient awareness of its social ramifications: "blaming the victim's body" protects the status quo by holding protoplasm at fault for maladjustment rather than the person, family, or community.


Quantitative kinetic analysis of dynamic cardiac SPECT data provides unique information that can enable improved discrimination between healthy and diseased tissue, compared to static imaging.


Abstract Volcanic activity at Mt Vulture lasted throughout the Middle Pleistocene and produced SiO2⃛ undersaturated volcanics. Deposits from the Monte Vulture stratovolcano have been classified into four subsynthems and clustered into the Barile Synthem. In the present investigation, trioctahedral micas from the uppermost units (the Ventaruolo Subsynthem) of the Barile Synthem are considered. The samples are labelled VUT187. The phlogopitic micas were separated from the host rock (an olivine-foidite) and underwent chemical (electron microprobe analysis - EMPA and C-H-N), structural (single-crystal X-ray diffraction) and spectroscopic (Mössbauer) investigations. The EMPA yielded: MgO (17.62-21.89 wt.%), FeOtot (5.98-9.78 wt.%), TiO2 (1.81-3.92 wt.%) and Al2O3 (14.47-17.98 wt.%), with H2O contents = 2.86 (±0.42) wt.% determined by C-H-N analyses. Mössbauer investigation provided [VI]Fe2+ = 12.6%, [VI]Fe3+ = 87.4%. The chemical and structural data are consistent with the occurrence of Ti-oxy, [VI]M2+ + 2(OH)- ⇌ [VI]Ti4+ + 2O2- + H2, and M3+-oxy substitutions, [VI]M2+ + (OH)- ⇌ [VI]M3+ + O2⃛ + ½H2, with M3+ = Fe3+, Al3+. In particular, Fe3+-oxy substitution has affected the Fe2+/Fe3+ ratio in the studied sample. This is probably due to the fact that interaction with underground water or a hydrothermal system may have altered the oxygen fugacity and raised the Fe3+ content of VUT187 phlogopite with respect to magmatic values.


The perturbation methods and the Taylor expansions are very often used to obtain test statistics approximations in multivariate analysis (Specially in Principal Component and Canonical Analyses). These approximations are then used to obtain formal Edgeworth expransions of the distribution functions of the statistics. BHATTACHARYA and GHOSH 1978 have justified these practices under suitable assumptions. In this paper a non classical perturbation problem is solved in order to obtain almost surely expansions of test statistics


Infections after operative procedures caused by multiple organisms appears with pain, fever; poor wound healing, antibiotic prolongation, need in-patient longer stays and increased expenses. It increases both morbidity and mortality. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conductedat Orthopaedics ward in Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College, a tertiary care teaching hospitalin Dhaka, Bangladesh for 3-month period to identify the frequently causative bacteria of wound infections and days of appearances of such infections. Tota1135 samples from patients with mean age of 35.77*I4.38 were analyzed. Patient history and clinical findings were collected in a data collection form during the study. Fifty-sixptis samples or wound swabs were collected from infected operated area and culture and biochemical tests for aerobic bacteria were done. Total of 21 from 36 samples were growth positive cultures (58.33%) and 15 were growth negative (41.66%). Most frequent organismcausing post-operative wound infection (POW!) was Pseudomonas aeruginosa,29.57% of positive isolatesandtheir post-operative days of appearances was mostly 6-10 days with82.7% frequencies. Surgical site infection is an unsettled ongoing problem which, although, cannot be completely rusticated.However, adequatepreventivestrategies against the most commonly isolated organism and proper care of wounds may reducethe occurrences of such infection.


Bok was inspired to this task after reading a column of James Reston which expressed the fear that the future of nuclear weapons would be decided more by public demonstration than by public education. Both Reston and Bok thought that , there was an intellectual vacuum which should be filled by academia. They obviously had paid little attention to the grassroots educational efforts which had preceded the massive voter support for nuclear freeze referenda m New England town meetings and throughout the country.


This study aimed at screening of yeast suitable for brewing tomato wine. A yeast strain suitable for brewing tomato wine was isolated from the juice of rotten tomato fruit with the methods of TTC color reaction,gas producing primary screening and big bottle fermentation. The tests of fermentation for the strain showed that it could tolerate the high content of sugar and alcohol and it was suitable for normal fermentation at tomato juice pH. Because of its favorable properties,the strain could be used as tomato wine yeast for tomato wine production.


Food is essential for health and well-being. It provides nutrients and energy for growth, development, reproduc- tion, and activity. An adequate balance and quantity of nutrients, energy, and other components must be obtained from the different foods that make up the diet. In general, the composition and adequacy of the overall diet, rather individual foods, are critical to health outcomes. This is reflected in the basic tenet of nutrition that there is no such thing as a good or bad food, only good or bad diets. It has been suggested that technological develop- ments in food processing and in the analysis of the rela- tionship between food and health may combine to chal- lenge the conventional classification of the relationship between food and health. For example, developments in molecular biology and genetics may increase scientists' understanding of the knctional relationship of nutrients and biologically active food ingredients to the achieve- ment of optimum health throughout the life cycle and the prevention and treatment of chronic disease. It has been claimed that better knowledge of the genetic basis of cer- tain diseases and of individuals' genetic profiles will make it possible to tailor individual nutritional interventions to the prevention and treatment of such diseases.'


A quick-acting Chinese medicine in the form of capsule for treating hypertension is prepared from 26 Chinese medicinal materials including wolfberry fruit, chrysanthemum flower, dragon's bone, prepared rehmannia root, yam, etc..


The traditional form of load control (shedding) tends to be quite disruptive to consumers, and so is often avoided. The paper suggests an alternative strategy that is based on controlling individual loads, such that interruptions effectively go unnoticed by consumers. An hierarchical control structure is required, with lower-level substation-based controllers consolidating information about available controllable load. The higher-level controller uses that information to formulate strategies to steer the system through events. Model predictive control is proposed for the higher-level control


Eutrophication has become a serious environment problem in many parts of the world and Chlorophyll-a concentration is one of the important parameters for the characterization of water quality, which reflects the degree of eutrophication and algae content in the water body. So establishing a forecasting model to predict the chlorophyll-a concentration in evaluation of eutrophication become more urgent. In this paper, a hybrid model of least squares support vector regression optimized by improved particle swarm optimization and radial basis function neural networks (IPSO-LSSVR-RBFNN) was proposed, which effectively modifying the forecasting accuracy by extracting the useful information in the error term of the traditional methods. A real monthly dataset that collected from a typical reservoir in China during 2010-2012 and two public datasets were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed hybrid model. From the experiment results, we can see that the proposed model of IPSO-LSSVR-RBFNN achieve a higher accuracy rate compared with other models.


Here the words anupdsrito 'nyayd are wrongly translated; the correct translation would be "not resorted to by any other woman," thus affirming the great love of Rama for Slta. These are but a few examples of the many small but significant mistakes that one cannot overlook in a work of this kind. This should not however detract us from the very large number of excellent renderings which this lover of the Indian stage has given us "with the thought of a practicable stage production."


An algorithm for estimation and reconstruction of Evoked Potentials (EP), masked by EEG activity and additional sources of clutter and noise is proposed. The local Karhunen-Loeve (LKL) basis, derived from the noisy EP signal, is used for optimal signal representation. The vector space of the noisy signal is decomposed by the LKL transform into two complementary orthogonal subspaces. The EP signal is estimated by modifying the signal subspace components with a Wiener gain function.


Cadmium selenide (CdSe) thin films have been deposited by chemical bath deposition (CBD) on a glass substrate and they are annealed at 450 °C for 1 h. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) image of as‐deposited CdSe shows the spherical shaped grains distributed over entire glass substrate. When it is annealed at 450 °C, clusters of nano‐rods with star shaped grains are formed. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) study of the as‐deposited films exhibits a polycrystalline nature and it undergoes a structural phase transition from the metastable cubic to the stable hexagonal phase when annealed at 450 °C. Optical band gap of as‐deposited films (2.0 eV) has a blue shift with respect to the bulk value (1.7 eV) due to quantum confinement. The band gap energies of the films are decreased from 2.0 eV to 1.9 eV due to annealing at the temperature of 450 °C. The electrical resistivity, Hall mobility and carrier concentration of as‐deposited and annealed films are determined.


In this paper we study several techniques regarding the parameter estimation for a rehabilitation hand exoskeleton. Several solutions for the control system are proposed and discussed. The technical constraints determine the difficulty of the sensor placement on the exoskeleton area. In order to avoid these problems, a disturbance torque observer is used. Two control solutions are proposed. First, we discuss a conventional control with velocity and force observers. Then, the torque observer is used to compensate the compliance effects of the human hand and to control the actuation torque. Several simulation examples prove the proposed methods.


This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact firstname.lastname@example.com. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to extend my sincere appreciation and thanks to all those who aided in making this study possible. I particularly would like to thank the following: for his guidance throughout this study and whose devotion to research is an inspiration to all. Loyola University, for his assistance in the design and carrying through of 1..he study. my colleague for his friendship and assistance as \vell as his unexhaustible enthusiasm during out study, and without whose help this study could never have been done. Loyola Unjversity Medical Center, for his ideas and assistance when working with the experimental animals. To Michael A. Lebar for his assistance with the project. iii DEDICATION To my wife Norina, for her assistance in construction of this thesis, and for her love and encouragement through my years of professional education.


Uneasy Beginningsthe title of Michael Haneke's 2009 film Das weise Band in many ways draws attention to what the work is about. the metaphorically charged "white ribbon," which Haneke borrows from an early nineteenth-century text by Johann Heinrich Gottlieb Heusinger, is, in the words of the austere pastor who ties it in his children's hair or around their arms, intended to remind them in its white color of "Unschuld und reinheit" (see Heusinger 251). the implicit logic at play here is that the white ribbon will admonish the children-who are late for dinner and try to cover up their fault with lies-for having forfeited a putatively original purity through their delinquency. it is significant to grasp the peculiar logic of this white ribbon in its ambiguous connotation,1 as it signifies, on its surface, innocence and purity and, in the words of the pastor, is meant to help avoid "sunde, selbstsucht, Neid, Unkeuschheit, luge, faulheit." this didactic impetus, however, simultaneously and inevitably relies on the assertion or assumption of the bearer's degradedness in that it legitimizes itself as a result of his or her alleged im-purity, dis-ingenuousness, his or her regress-the very state that occasions the wearing of the white ribbon in the first place.to be sure, Haneke's film does not merely take up the didactic impetus of the white ribbon thematically but indeed translates it into the aesthetic registers of the cinematic medium. the questions of black and white and guilt and innocence enter the film-typographically-from the very beginning, or even from before the beginning. as part of the opening credits the film's title appears, in white block capitals, against a black backdrop. soon after, the subtitle emerges, again against the black backdrop, yet gradually rather than abruptly this time, and in small-font kurrent script-whose curved, swirling lines exhibit a ribbon-like quality-rather than in white block capitals: "Eine deutsche Kindergeschichte."2 if the pastor's world and the one epitomized by the white ribbon unmistakably seek to discern innocence and truthfulness (symbolized by the color white) from guilt and mendacity (symbolized by the color black), then this insistence on dichotomous structures finds itself both prefigured and tacitly unsettled already in the film's opening title. it is unambiguously called into question by the time seventyfive-year-old ernst Jacobi, who enacts the voice-over of the aged schoolteacher, begins this pensive tale, and does so in a manner reminiscent of Hegel's phrase of the "moderne Verlegenheit um den anfang" (51).ich weis nicht, ob die Geschichte, die ich ihnen erzahlen will, in allen Details der Wahrheit entspricht. Vieles darin weis ich nur vom Horensagen, und manches weis ich auch heute, nach so vielen Jahren, nicht zu entratseln, und auf unzahlige fragen gibt es keine antwort. aber dennoch glaube ich, dass ich die seltsamen ereignisse, die sich in unserem Dorf zugetragen haben, erzahlen muss, weil sie moglicher weise auf manche Vorgange in diesem land ein erhellendes licht werfen konnen.the "Vorgange" to which the narrator so ominously alludes here are, of course, the conflagrations of the second World War and the atrocious crimes of National socialism-crimes that, he intimates, are strangely foreshadowed by the events from 1913/1914 that he is about to relate. Precisely because of this purported parallel or even trajectory it appears all the more astounding that this narrator, who talks for almost two and a half hours (see also Williams 48), has so little to say about his own role in those "Vorgange in diesem land." What kind of witness are we dealing with here? Why this vagueness of his account, which relies on "hearsay" and disparages itself as "obscure" and "strange" as if it strained credulity? D oes this schoolteacher have something to cover up, to hide, or to deny? a wrongdoing, an ignominy, a disgrace, guilt? and what if Haneke's film does not simply present itself as an enclosed forum for the negotiation of guilt and innocence-to be studied from a secure distance-but if instead the viewer is meant to be put on the stand as well and confronted (metaleptically) with those same negotiated questions of guilt and innocence? …


Reducing the number of features when applying machine learning algorithms may be beneficial not only from the standpoint of computational cost but also of overall quality. Wrapper-based procedures are widely utilised to achieve this. The choice of the wrapper is of utmost importance. Bio-inspired computation algorithms represent a viable choice and are widely adopted. Due to the sheer number of available algorithms, this choice could prove to be somewhat difficult, especially since not all are made equally. The aim of this paper is to explore several optimisers on diverse datasets representing classification problems in order to evaluate their performance and suitability for the task of feature selection.


Thermal oxidation of InP and properties of oxide films have been studied. Surface orientation dependence of the oxidation rate can be explained by orientation dependence of bond density available for reaction with oxygen molecules. The activation energy of the parabolic rate constant is 2.06 eV, which may be attributed to the value for oxygen diffusion through InP oxide. From the electron diffraction and infrared absorption measurements, it is found that the oxide film is composed of polycrystalline InPO4 (In2O3+P2O5) and that oxides thermally grown at high temperatures, above 620 °C become In rich and form lower oxides, such as In4O2 and In2O, owing to phosphorus evaporation. Resistivities of the thermally grown oxide films at room temperature range from 108 to 109 Ω cm and decrease with an increase in oxidation temperature and time, which may be mainly caused by lack of P2O5 in the oxide film.


Introduction: Determination of gender and estimation of stature from the skeleton is vital to medicolegal inquiries. CT scan measurements of maxillary and frontal sinuses are thought to be useful for gender determination. The aim of this study is to compare the frontal sinus dimensions and to assess their reliability and accuracy for gender determination using a CT scan. Materials and Methods: A comparative study included cranial Computerized tomography (CT) of 40 patients aged between 18 and 65 years who underwent CT examination of the head and neck for other medical problems that are not related to the frontal sinus. The measurements of the frontal sinus were done in axial and scout images. Results: Our study showed that the maximum depth of frontal sinus in males and females was 10.76 ± 2.12 and 9.23 ± 1.85, respectively, which showed a statistically significant P value (<0.05). The thickness of the anterior wall for males and females was 5.27 ± 1.46 and 5.62 ± 1.60, respectively. There was no statistical significance with respect to the thickness of the anterior wall of the frontal sinus. The maximal anteroposterior length of frontal sinus measured from scout image for males and females were 12.35 ± 3.11 and 10.52 ± 2.15, respectively, which showed a statistically significant P < 0.05. The frontal sinus dimensions were correlated with age subgroups, and there is no statistical significance. Conclusion: We concluded that the dimensions of the frontal sinus could be used for gender dimorphism. This study also proposes the reliability and accuracy of frontal sinus; hence the study proves vital in identifying the gender of a person in forensic anthropology.


A single plank with integral cleats, recently discovered on the East Riding of Yorkshire coast at Kilnsea, has been identified as a fragment of a Bronze Age plank boat, and dated to 1870–1670 BC. This makes the 'Kilnsea-boat' England's oldest dated plank built boat.


Intubation the Unexpected difficulty with tracheal intubation contributes to anaesthetic mortality. The laryngeal mask can almost always be placed satisfactorily and its position should facilitate blind intu- bation. A 6 mm cuffed tube will pass through both adult sizes of the mask and this study tested the feasibility of intubation through the mask. The effect of the application of cricoid pressure on the technique was also investigated. Intubation via the laryngeal mask was attempted in 100 routine patients: of the first 50 (group 1, no cricoid pressure), 45 (90 per cent) were successfully intubated. Mainten- ance of cricoid pressure throughout the manoeuvre (group 2) reduced the success rate significantly to 56 per cent (p less than 0.05). Despite the possibility that cricoid pressure may have to be interrupted momentarily, the ease with which the technique can be learnt, and the immediate availability of the necessary apparatus suggest that it should be considered for inclusion in failed intu- bation drill. Author. Tipping, The relationship between peak airway pressure, alveolar pressure and respiratory frequency was calculated for the range of compli-ances and airway resistances which might be encountered during mechanical ventilation of a 3 kg neonate. The pressure/flow relationships of 2.5, 3.0, 3.5 and 4 mm tracheal tubes were deter- mined at a series of flows from 0.5 to 4 litres/min. Peak airway and alveolar pressures were then measured at various frequencies and inspiratory: expiratory ratios with the tubes incorporated in a model lung. Large differences between peak airway and alveolar pressures developed when frequency was increased or inspiratory time decreased; the differences were greatest with the smaller tubes. Shortening expiratory time by increasing the frequency or altering the inspiratory:expiratory ratio resulted in increased end- expiratory pressure because of incomplete emptying of the lung. tumours varied: in some tumour types the level was close to that of control samples whereas in others it rose to levels comparable to those encountered in the pineal gland, the richest source of ESAF in mature mammals. Tumours considered to be benign contained significantly less ESAF than those neoplasms classified as being malignant (P = 0.025). There was also a correlation between the mitotic activity of tumour samples, as determined by conventional H&E histochemical staining and the ESAF concentration present. These findings agree with previous studies in which elevated ESAF levels have been found in tissue where proliferation of vascular ele-ments has been observed. Author. In a prospective study of 262 consecutive patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), using computed tomography (CT) as their baseline evaluation, erosion of the base of the skull and intracranial extension into the middle cranial fossa were found in 31.3 per cent and 12.2 per cent of patients, respectively. Thirty-four of these patients had cranial nerve involvement at presentation; 30 of them had involvement of one or more of the III to Vlth cranial nerves. Most cases of intracranial extension of tumour were accom- panied by erosion of the base of the skull, but the reverse was not true. All patients with cranial nerve palsy involving the III to Vlth cranial nerves had associated erosion of the ipsilateral base of the skull. The CT evaluation of patients with cranial nerve involve- ment who are believed to harbour NPC should include thin cuts of the base of the skull for detection of subtle bone erosion. This may be the only clue to the presence of a small NPC. The prognostic sig-nificance of cranial nerve involvement, base of the skull erosion, and intracranial extension of the tumour of a cholinergic and agonist (physostigmine) on the middle latency evoked responses (MLRs) marked at the rates of in Intravenous injections in a rapid and complete disappearance of PI and a slight in Pa; the subjects reported drowsy but with eyes open through the recordings. Subsequent injections of physostigmine resulted in a rapid reversal of the scopolamine effects so that the subjects became alert, Pa decreased, and PI reappeared and increased to control amplitudes. Rapid click rates caused PI to diminish, as in the control period, indicating a common PI recovery cycle in both the control and physostigmine conditions. These data are discussed in terms of the hypothesis that the PI generator system is comprised of a choliner- gic brain-stem-thalamic component of the ascending reticular activating system. The correlations between clinical signs and BAEP latency, amplitude and dispersion variables were investigated in 98 multiple scler- osis patients. A new dispersion variable, the wave IV-V 'shape ratio' (SR IV-V), correlated most strongly with brain-stem signs (i.e. nystagmus). Severely reduced wave IV-V amplitude was fre-quently found in patients with vertical nystagmus or internuclear ophthalmoplegia, arid interpeak latency (IPL) III-V correlated most strongly with cerebellar dysfunction (i.e. ataxia). The results may reflect different localizing ability among the various BAEP variables. The association between ataxia and increased IPL III-V was significantly stronger for BAEP to C clicks than to R clicks. Patients with abnormal BAEPs to one polarity (C or R) but not to the The IgE response of patients only allergic to grass pollens differs from response of patients allergic to multiple-pollen species. The IgE immunoblots to orchard-grass pollens confirmed that polysensitized patients had more proteins revealed than patients only allergic to grass pollens. To determine if both groups of patients present a different response toward specific immunotherapy (IT), a double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed in 70 patients. Patients receiving the active treatment had a rush IT with either a standardized orchard grass-pollen extract or with a standardized mixed-pollen extract prepared, depending on the sensi- tivity of the patients. The maintenance dose was defined as that dose effective in grass pollen IT in previous experiments. The same equipotent maintenance dose was administered for all pollen spe-cies. Symptom-medication scores during the pollen season and nasal challenge with orchard grass-pollen grains demonstrated that grass pollen-allergic patients had a significantly improved efficacy by comparison to placebo treatment, whereas polysensitized patients had a non-significant improvement. Serum grass-pollen IgG was significantly increased after IT in both treated groups. This study demonstrate that the response toward specific IT differs in patients only allergic to grass pollens by comparison to polysensitized patients. Author. Allergic rhinitis is characterized by a profuse rhinorrhea in addition to paroxysms of sneezing, nasal congestion, and pruritus. To define better the sources of nasal secretion produced during rhinitis, nasal allergen challenges were performed on nine atopic subjects with seasonal rhinitis. A single dose of allergen was sprayed into one side of the nose, and nasal lavages were collected bilaterally for seven hours. Nasal lavages were assayed for protein (total protein, albumin, lactoferrin, and lysozyme) and mediator (histamine and prostaglandin D2) content. Protein concentrations increased and remained elevated above baseline levels in both ipsilateral and contralateral secretions for up to three hours after allergen challenge. The proportion of albumin relative to total protein (the albumin per cent) increased on the ipsilateral side, whereas the relative pro- portions of lactoferrin and lysozyme (the lactoferrin per cent and lysozyme per cent) increased on the contralateral side. Prosta- glandin D2, but not histamine, increased selectively on the ipsilateral side. These data suggest that the ipsilateral protein secretory response is due to allergen-induced mast cell mediator release causing increased vascular permeability, whereas the contralateral protein secretory response is primarily a reflex-induced glandular secretion. Author. The effects of cetirizine (C), a new generation, nonsedative, Hl-antihistamine drug, were studied on human isolated bronchi. ABSTRACT hypoxia, peak integrated inspiratory activity ( moving time aver- age, MTA) of the CT and AN increased as a power function of mean inspiratory flow (ratio of tidal volume to inspiratory time, VT/TI), given by MTA = a (VT/TI) b + c (where a, b, and c are constants). The exponent b varied from 0.009 to 3.4 among sub- jects but was correlated between CT and AN both during hypercapnia (r = 0.86) and hypoxia (r = 0.81). The onset of inspiratory activity of the CT and AN preceded that of inspiratory flow. Expressed as a percentage of expiratory time, the CT lead time rose from 7 per cent at rest to 20 per cent during hypernea. The corresponding values for the AN were from 22 to 52 per cent (both P less than 0.03). Thus the pattern of response of the CT and AN is similar and related to that of the inspiratory muscles in a curvilinear manner. The findings suggest that during chemical stimulation the electrical activity of the CT is analogous to that of the AN, an upper airway dilator. Author. Pressure-diameter relationships of the upper airway in awake supine subjects. In awake supine normal subjects, dimensional changes of the oropharyngeal airway were measured during exposure to negative intraluminal pressures. The pressure was generated (1) 'actively' by subjects inspiring against an externally occluded airway or (2) 'passively' by external suction at the mouth during voluntary glottic closure with no inspiratory effort. Airway dimensions were imaged with X-ray fluoroscopy and anteroposterior diameters measured at levels corresponding to cervical vertebra 3 and 4 (C3 and C4). Cephalad axial displacement of the hyoid bone (CDHY) was also measured. During the 'active' manoeuvre, airway diameters and position were maintained at resting levels


During the last 40 years several studies investigated which organizational actors are more influential in industrial buying processes and decisions. In spite of the growing interest on the topic, empirical efforts focused on the influential role of end-users in business contexts are in short offer, especially if compared to the number of studies focused on purchasing personnel. This paper contributes to this debate by focusing on trucks and truck drivers. Through qualitative in depth interviews to sales persons and truck buyers, we uncovered a number of individual and organizational factors affecting drivers' participation throughout the purchasing process of new trucks. Findings show that users' influence is tightly linked to company size and that users' expectations are basically related to aesthetic and non utilitarian product attributes. Drivers participation to the purchasing process emerges as a form of personal reward and as an organizational benefit that companies use to retain employees in the long run and to reduce the turn-over rate. Managerial implications are suggested for both trucks' buyers and suppliers.


A time series is a sequence of observations that a variable takes with respect to times. It has a wide range of applications in decision making and forecasting in economics, agriculture, medicine, industry, energy sector and other scientific fields. Time series modeling and forecasting contain some of the classical issues that are widely addressed in the literature based on traditional statistical models with low interpretability. Fuzzy time series has become a powerful tool that can counter the problem of prediction of historical data in linguistic terms. This study proposes a new framework for modeling the fuzzy time series approach in the environment of intuitionistic fuzzy set theory to play viable role in ensuring robustness to the uncertainty involved in data series. In order to get the optimized length of intervals, the principles of fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering and information granules are integrated. To fuzzify the historical data, intuitionistic fuzzy triangular function is practiced to acquire the intuitionistic fuzzy sets. Furthermore, the distance measures between the elements of the intuitionistic fuzzy set of the fuzzified historical data and the centers of the corresponding clusters are computed for all fuzzy sets. Finally, a robust fuzzy time series model is designed by extracting fuzzy logical relationships and employing weighted association reasoning as an exhaustive defuzzification approach. The parameters of accuracy measures such as Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) are used to identify the strength of the proposed modeling and forecasting. Findings demonstrate that the proposed forecasting method is robust in determining the highly accurate forecasts.


In the Canadian provinces from 1960 to 1985, the over-all Canadian divorce rate was a strong predictor of the provincial time-series suicide rates, while marriage, birth and unemployment rates were not.


College students are often considered as adult humans so that when learning science, the use of interesting media is not noticed. Quality science learning can form college students who have scientific literacy and high democratic attitudes which are very important in the 21st century. The solutions that can be used to solve these problems is the macromedia flash learning media. This study aims to determine: 1) the effect of macromedia flash on scientific literacy; 2) the influence of macromedia flash on democratic attitudes; 3) the effect of macromedia flash on scientific literacy and democratic attitudes of college students simultaneously. This study used a quasi experimental method with a nonequivalent control group design. The study population was all PGSD Semester IV students of Ahmad Dahlan University. Sampling with cluster random sampling technique. Data were collected by tests and questionnaires. Analysis of research data using t and manova test. Based on the results of the study obtained both t and manova tests, the significance value is smaller than 0.05, so it can be concluded that: 1) there is an effect of macromedia flash on scientific literacy; 2) there is an effect of macromedia flash on democratic attitudes; 3) there is an effect of macromedia flash on scientific literacy and democratic attitudes of college students simultaneously.


Recent advances in the field of computer vision and machine learning have given birth to a generation of softwares enable to detect and track a face along a video record and eventually to measure its internal facial movements. We investigate herein on a specific task, the detection of eyebrows raising and frowning facial actions, the potential of these softwares on spontaneous, in-the-wild video corpus. We propose a tool which allow to extract eyebrows raising and frowning from the output of two state-of-the-art facial behavior analysis softwares (OpenFace and IntraFace). The evaluation performed on our manually annotated in-the-wild video corpus suggests that the tool can be used with benefits for automatic annotation purpose.


'lb flux trapped in various field cooled Nb and Pb samples has been measured. For ambient fields smaller than 3 Gauss, 100% of the flux is trappad. The consequences of this resdt on the behavior of supac~ducting RF cavities are discussed.


Big data offers various services like storing sensitive, private data and maintaining the data. Big data users may upload encrypted data rather than raw data for preserving data. Processing and analyzing the encrypted data is the primary target for attackers and hackers. Homomorphic Re-Encryption to supports access control, processed cipher-text on encrypted data and ensure data confidentiality. However, the limitation of Homomorphic Re-Encryption is the single-user system, which means it allows the party that owns a homomorphic decryption key to decrypt processed cipher-texts. Original Homomorphic Re-Encryption cannot support multiple users to access the processed cipher texts flexibly. In this paper, propose a Privacy-Preserving Big Data Processing system which support of a Homomorphic Re-Encryption using laplacian phase that extends partially from a single-group user system by offering cipher text re-encryption that allows accessing processed cipher-texts. Through the cooperation of a Data Provider, to increase the flexibility and security of our system, However apply multiple Services to take in charge of the data from their users and design computing operations over cipher-texts belonging to multiple Service. The analysis completed on proves that our Preserving the Privacy of Big Data Processing method's to performance in terms of security is good on some datasets, inefficiency this also ensures the security and user privacy.


The anticonvulsant action of Arisaema japonicum BL. has been studied in mice through the following four assay procedures: subcutaneous injection of Strychnine (1.5 mg/kg), Metrazol (90 mg/kg), or Caffeine (600 mg/kg), and supramaximal electroshock seizure test (26 mA, 0.2 sec.). The Arisaema japonicum BL. was injected intraperitoneally in infusum. The LD_(50) in mice was found to be 13.5 g/kg. The result of the present study showed that the Arisaema japonicum BL. (3 g/kg) possesses anticonvulsant properties against Strychnine, Metrazol and Caffeine convulsions (P0.01 or P0.05); but no effect on supramaximal electroshock seizure, the tonic extensor seizure of the hindleg was not abolished by the drug.


This paper presents the performance characteristics of nine coals, blended to form four levels of five blends. We chose coals representative of Australian coals from Queensland and New South Wales which might form commercial blends. All of the coals had at least one property outside one or more export power plant specifications. The coals and blends were prepared and analyzed at the Australia Coal Industry Research Laboratory (ACIRL). We measured performance of the blends in a 500 kg/hr ICAL (Raymond Bowl) Mill, a 150 kw pilot scale furnace, and an attached pilot scale ESP. The blends were evaluated to see whether the measured properties blended linearly and whether empirical indices could predict the performance of the blends. The Australian Standards (AS) and the Hardgrove Grindability Index (HGI) were all linear with blend strength as expected. The Initial Deformation Temperature (IDT) and Yancey-Price-Gear (YPG) index were nearly linear with blend strength. The mill performance could be predicted with HGI. The flame stability and burnout could be roughly correlated with the Maceral Index (MI, see text). The slagging performance of most coals could be correlated roughly with the ratio of FeO/CaO and the fouling performance was correlated with the NaO/HHV of the coal. ESP performance could be correlated with the K Factor (see text). We found only rough correlations for nitrogen oxides (NOx) with fuel properties. Fuel nitrogen and volatile matter content best correlated NOx emissions. The measured emissions of sulfur oxides (SOx) could be directly calculated from the ultimate analysis of the coal: little sulfur was captured by calcium for the coals of this study. Sulfur oxides could also be predicted from an empirical linear relationship with sulfur content.


This paper looks at preservation strategies currently being employed to ensure the long-term preservation of electronic theses and dissertations. It also discusses challenges posed by intellectual property legislation and multimedia.


The article discusses the language contact of Xinjiang minority language and Chinese from the six aspects of history, status quo, law, process, relevance and trend. It aims to introduce the theory of language contact in Xinjiang in an all-round way and provide reference for language contact research in other regions. Keywords—Xinjiang language; contact; research


The dynamic nature of the tourism sector depends on the ever-increasing requirements for professional qualifications and training. The variety of types of tourism requires an adequate educational level and professional qualifications of future specialists and managers. Their professional training begins in higher education institutions in order to approve them in the process of implementation and career development in tourism. Competences in the modern science of tourism play the role of the main factor determining the success of tourism development in a particular destination. In this competence, they act as the main quality of destination management as well as a determining element of the external and internal environment of the tourism industry. Competence is considered as a complex integrative quality, which includes both substantive (knowledge) and procedural (skills) components that allow to effectively perform professional activities, independently solve production problems, answer questions. Thus, the competence is a set of competencies. Professional competencies are a determining factor for effective professional behavior and competitiveness in the tourism market. They help maintain the traditional rhythm of tourism, as well as making non-standard decisions in problematic situations. It is proved that the competent environment of the tourist complex includes government agencies, labor force, intangible tourist resources, consumers. The paper analyzes the relationship between the elements of the "national diamond" and competencies in relation to the tourist complex. It is noted that the competencies of related industries of the tourist complex indirectly affect the success of its operation. The problem of competencies in tourism education and science as a result negatively affects the ability to defend the corporate interests of the tourism industry in all areas.
Keywords: competence, competency, professional competence, professional qualification


Sustained contraction of isolated canine basilar artery was induced by addition of prosta- glandin F2a, prostaglandin E2, hemoglobin-containing solution, or serum. Human platelet aggregation was induced by 1.0 /μM adenosine diphosphate. The sustained contraction of basilar artery and the aggregation of platelet, particularly its secondary aggregation, were inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by addition of chlorpromazine or amitriptyline; calmodulin antagonist. The molar concentrations at 50% inhibition by chlorpromazine or amitriptyline were 5.9 to 7.7 /xμ or 28 to 39 /μM for the contraction of basilar artery and 57 fμM or 111 fμM for the secondary aggregation of platelet. The results were discussed mainly on the basis of interaction of psychotropic drugs and Ca2+, calmodulin-dependent enzymes, particularly rayosin light chain phosphorylation. Stroke Vol 15, No 2, 1984


Abstract Motivated by deformation theory of holomorphic maps between almost complex manifolds we endow, in a natural way, the tangent bundle of an almost complexmanifold with an almost complex structure. We describe various properties of this structure.


Description Introduction Administrative data are used more and more in official statistics as a replacement for survey data. By using existing administrative data, national statistical institutes (NSIs) and other producers of official statistics aim to reduce costs, to decrease the response burden on persons and businesses, and to obtain new, more detailed statistical analyses that are not possible with survey data based on small samples.


Introduction Crosswell seismic is an emerging technology which provides enhanced resolution seismic imaging between wells. The technology has the potential to delineate complex structure and deliver enhanced imaging to reduce the inherent uncertainty in surface seismic where shallow attenuation and scattered coals impede the surface seismic method. The problem is compounded in complex plays, where traditional interpretation involving 3D surface seismic combined with log information retains a large degree of uncertainty since the imaging between the two scales of information requires in-depth geological knowledge combined with geostatistical best-it approaches. Crosswell seismic reduces this uncertainty as it represents a physical measurement of sound waves between wells. In this paper, some of the key results will be discussed with the focus on enhanced resolution. Initially, a brief description of the measurement theory and its capabilities is provided, followed by a description of the processing worklow and inally a discussion of the acquired results. Two main products were obtained from each proile: tomographic velocities and relection images for both compressional (P) and Shear (S) arrivals. A further discussion on an integrated worklow to enhance existing surface seismic with the help of crosswell data is presented with key results.


This review of Yahya Madra's Late Neoclassical Economics centers on a claim made by mainstream economics to have surpassed the narrow horizon of neoclassical economics, understood as general equilibrium or Walrasian economics, having differentiated into a pluralist field. Through a detailed study of neoclassical economics, Madra distills the misplaced nature of this claim and disputes the propositions that neoclassical economics is nothing but Walrasian and that its new diverse theories belong to the nonneoclassical domain. Rather, the diverse theories of mainstream economics are shown to share with Walrasian economics, and with one another, a common problematic of theoretical humanism in the form of reconciling individual and aggregative/collective rationality in order to achieve a socioeconomic order. This review discussion ends by raising some issues that are absent or latently present in Madra's book.


Ozone is an oxidative moleculewith a bactericidal effect. This molecule can be solubilized in water and wasproposed as an alternative disinfecting solution to be used in food production plants. Ozone molecule possesses many industrially relevant characteristics, such as the absence of residues following its application, usability at meat industries' room temperature, and applicability during production activities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the benefits of an ozonated water rinse on the wrapping of meat logs at the entrance of a slicing plant. From a single batch, the surface of ten units (meat logs : ML) of cylindrical shape of approximately 7000 cm2 were entirely swabbed before treatment and compared with 3 groups of 10 units that were passed through a curtain of either chlorinated water (20 ppm), ozonated water (3,5 ppm) or tap water only. As part of the bacteriological analysis, total aerobic counts were measured, Salmo- nella and Listeria monocytogenes detection were individually conducted on each units, and enumeration of E.coli and coliforms were completed. The results obtained from 4 different batches showed a very low aerobic contamination at the entrance of the plant before treatment (2.49 log cfu/ML). The chlorinated water and the ozonated water treatment re- duced significantly the bacterial contamination (respective diminution of 0.83 log cfu/ML and 0.63 log cfu/ML), while reduction from the tap water treatment was not significant (0.21 log cfu/ML). All samples were free of the researched pathogens, and coliforms counts were below the technical threshold for numeration. These results show that an ozonated water treatment is an effective tool in reducing aerobic flora contamination before the meat slicing process. It also indicates that ozonoted water could be an alternative to chlorinated water treatments as it represents an effective method to control product wrapping contamination prior to its entrance at the slicing plant.


This study aims to examine the effect of the application of the halal tourism concept on the brand image of Lombok Island as the island of a thousand mosques on the decision to visit for the millennials tourists at the Mataram Islamic center. The research method uses associative research methods with a quantitative approach. The results of this study indicate that the halal tourism concept variable had a positive and significant effect on the visiting decision variable, as well as the brand image variable which had a positive and significant impact on the visit decision variable, the halal tourism concept variable had a positive yet insignificant effect on the visiting decision. The Mataram Islamic center mosque is an icon of Lombok Island and has been named as the best mosque at the national level in 2020. With the achievements received by the Islamic Center Mataram Mosque, the management must be able to maintain the trust that had been entrusted by the community and tourists. In addition, the West Nusa Tenggara Government needs to carry out more activities to introduce tourist destinations in NTB, especially Islamic center attractions.Keywords:Halal tourism, brand image, visited decision, millennial tourists, Lombok island


Using chalk is not only laborious, but it also produces a lot of chalk dust, polluting the air and adversely affecting the health of the students and teachers. This design uses ARM9 board for hand-held terminal hardware and uC/OS-II embedded real time operating system for hand-held terminal software. Handwriting signal will be converted to electrical signal and transferred to the PC terminal by wireless transmission module. Then the PC terminal software will process the handwriting signal and display it in a larger form by projector. The Linux operating system is used as its free ware and has support of the device drivers of the interfacing various modules.


The market for natural cosmetics featuring ingredients derived from Amazon natural resources is growing worldwide. However, there is neither enough scientific basis nor quality control of these ingredients. This paper is an account of the chemical constituents and their biological activities of fourteen Amazonian species used in cosmetic industry, including acai (Euterpe oleracea), andiroba (Carapa guianensis), bacuri (Platonia insignis), Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa), buriti (Mauritia vinifera or M. flexuosa), cumaru (Dipteryx odorata), cupuacu (Theobroma grandiflorum), guarana (Paullinia cupana), mulateiro (Calycophyllum spruceanum), murumuru (Astrocaryum murumuru), patawa (Oenocarpus bataua or Jessenia bataua), pracaxi (Pentaclethra macroloba), rosewood (Aniba rosaeodora), and ucuuba (Virola sebifera). Based on the reviewed articles, we selected chemical markers for the quality control purpose and evaluated analytical methods. Even though chromatographic and spectroscopic methods are major analytical techniques in the studies of these species, molecular approaches will also be important as used in food and medicine traceability. Only a little phytochemical study is available about most of the Amazonian species and some species such as acai and andiroba have many reports on chemical constituents, but studies on biological activities of isolated compounds and sampling with geographical variation are limited.


Abstract A study has been carried out on abnormal flow phenomenon in the lower blast furnace (BF) for the purpose of the determination of appropriate measures to realise higher productivity and higher pulverised coal injection rate. An experimental apparatus was erected and tests were conducted under simulated BF conditions. Observations of the flow behaviour of gas, liquid and solid particles at varied gas and liquid flowrates revealed that typically, flooding occurred only in the systems with large, heavy particles, whereas typically fluidisation took place only in the systems with very light particles. A diagram of gas flowrate at flooding point against that at fluidisation point was created based on the test results. A conclusion that it is flooding which could possibly occur in the lower BF could be reached by using this diagram.


Amorphous Y–Fe–O ferrite thin-films were deposited on GGG (111) substrates using reactive RF magnetron sputtering with a Y2.84Fe5.16O12 ferrite sintered target. After that, the thin-films were post-annealed in air at temperatures higher than 650 degrees Celsius for 3 hours to be crystallized. In the XRD diagrams, large diffraction peaks from only YIG ferrite (444) or (888) plane were observed in the samples post-annealed at over 1050 degrees Celsius. The half value width (Δθ50) in the rocking curve for YIG ferrite (888) was as small as 0.13 degrees. These results proved that the YIG ferrite films have been grown in hetero-epitaxial manner on GGG (111) substrate with high orientation. The YIG ferrite thin-films had reasonable saturation magnetization of 1.7 kG, relatively low coercivity of less than 5 Oe and small ΔH of around 70 Oe. The YIG ferrite thin-films are useful for microwave magnetic devices. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


A new design method of the wing airfoil, which combines the Golden Ratio with the Kutta-Zhukovsky transformation, is developed. It is found that different Golden Ratio airfoils can be obtained by setting different camber factors (β) and thickness chord ratios (t/c). In this paper, two Golden Ratio airfoils are chosen to explore their aerodynamic characteristics and to make a comparison with the aerodynamic characteristics of the Clark-Y airfoil. The results obtained from FLUENT show that the Golden Ratio airfoils have larger lift coefficients and higher ratios of lift to drag than the Clark-Y airfoil. These data indicate that the Golden Ratio airfoils have a lower stalling speed and a better climbing performance than the Clark-Y airfoil. In addition, it is also found that the Golden Ratio airfoils have a flatter pressure coefficient curve near the leading edge and a later flow separation point at the stalling angle of attack, compared to the Clark-Y airfoil, which shows that Golden Ratio airfoils have better flow characteristics than the Clark-Y airfoil at high angle of attack. These aerodynamic characteristics of the Golden Ratio airfoils may provide a good flight performance for light aircraft at low speed.


AbstractA simple algebraic model relating the mean achievement in a class to the ability range of the pupils in the class is presented and agreement between the model and data on the relationship between mean achievement and class size is described. The opinions of teachers were sought on the effects of the abilities of pupils on the pace of lessons and on the amount of material covered in lessons, and these data provide quantitative support for the model.


Inflammatory pseudotumor is an uncommon tumor with a variable natural course. We report a case of omental pseudotumor in a 6-year-old male child. The child's clinical presentation was suggestive of an omental mass, which was operated upon after investigations. Histopathology revealed it to be an inflammatory pseudotumor. The case is presented for its unusual location.


Global concerns about the growing impact of ageing populations on workplace productivity and on welfare budgets have led to a range of governmentsupported measures intended to retain and upskill older workers. Yet, a consistent theme in the research literature is that older workers are reluctant and harder to train than younger workers, and that, regardless, employers are ambivalent about supporting such training. However, a survey of over 250 mature-age workers in mainly professional and administrative (i.e. 'white collar') roles identified strong interest and belief in their capacity to engage in learning required to maintain their employability, and that their employers are often supportive of their ongoing education and training. The data also indicate that these workers found personal worth in their work, felt respected and acknowledged by coworkers, and wanted to contribute more fully to their workplaces. These findings not only contradict what is consistently reported elsewhere, but suggest that age per se may not be the factor that shapes perceptions of older workers' employability, but the kinds of employment and level of education held by older workers. Therefore, extending the working lives of these valued 'white collar' workers might need to be realised through continuing to provide them with opportunities for rich work and further development to sustain their capacities and interest in contributing to their work and workplaces.


To do good the medical treatment management work after issuing and actualizing of"Ordinance of Dealing with Medical Treatment Accident"(Abbreviation:"Ordinance"), it was expounded in this article that in the hospital manages work, strengthening full member training, and raising the regulations consciousness; strengthening the evidence management, and doing good the quoting preparation; strengthening the communicating and intercommunion, osculating the relation of the doctor and patient; reducing the medical treatment risk, and exploring the new countermeasure. The preparation should be done for the completely implementation of 《Ordinance》.


Considers the benchmark nonlinear control problem and designs a backstepping controller for tracking. The authors show that the control effort and disturbance rejection of the closed-loop system can be significantly improved by exploiting the built-in flexibility of the backstepping design.


Abstract : This thesis examines the surface-to-air missile engagement model in the Naval Warfare Gaming System installed at the Center for War Gaming, Naval War College, Newport, RI. Flow charts derived directly from the computer code are included. The intent is to verify the computer code with pertinent documentation as well as to determine its realism in modeling actual surface-to-air missile engagements. Modifications to the Naval Warfare Gaming System surface-to-air model are proposed.


Title of treatise: Cost management of the availability and utilization of mining earth moving equipment Name of author: E J P Balt Name of study leader: Mr G Basson Institution: Faculty of Engineering Built Environment Information Technology University of Pretoria Date: January 2007 The cost structure for the maintenance and repair contract is based on an equipment availability of ninety percent and is guaranteed by the service provider. It was proved that the actual utilization percentage achieved by the equipment is significantly lower than the provided availability percentage of the equipment. The main data collection method used was observing the maintenance and repair activities pertaining to the mining earth moving equipment and the phenomena being researched. Participant observation took place in a workshop setting. The method of exploratory data analysis in analysing the quantitative data was applied. In this way the data are described and summarised and then presented in tables, charts, graphs and other diagrammatic forms.


Entity recognition tasks, which aim to utilize the deep learning-based models to identify the agricultural diseases and pests-related nouns such as the names of diseases, pests, and drugs from the texts collected on the internet or input by users, are a fundamental component for agricultural knowledge graph construction and question-answering, which will be implemented as a web application and provide the general public with solutions for agricultural diseases and pest control. Nonetheless, there are still challenges: (1) the polysemous problem needs to be further solved, (2) the quality of the text representation needs to be further enhanced, (3) the performance for rare entities needs to be further improved. We proposed an adversarial contextual embeddings-based model named ACE-ADP for named entity recognition in Chinese agricultural diseases and pests domain (CNER-ADP). First, we enhanced the text representation and overcame the polysemy problem by using the fine-tuned BERT model to generate the contextual character-level embedded representation with the specific knowledge. Second, adversarial training was also introduced to enhance the generalization and robustness in terms of identifying the rare entities. The experimental results showed that our model achieved an F1 of 98.31% with 4.23% relative improvement compared to the baseline model (i.e., word2vec-based BiLSTM-CRF) on the self-annotated corpus named Chinese named entity recognition dataset for agricultural diseases and pests (AgCNER). Besides, the ablation study and discussion demonstrated that ACE-ADP could not only effectively extract rare entities but also maintain a powerful ability to predict new entities in new datasets with high accuracy. It could be used as a basis for further research on other domain-specific named entity recognition.


In vitro regeneration of plants from root cultures of Swertia chirata Buch.-Ham. ex Wall was obtained. Root explants from axenic shoot cultures were used for shoot induction. Optimal shoot regeneration without any callus intervention was observed on 1/2 MS (Murashige and Skoog's medium, 1962) + 4.44 µM 6, benzylaminopurine (BAP) +1.07 µM �-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA).Regenerated shoots were further multiplied on full strength MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of plant growth regulators. Maximum shoot multiplication was achieved on MS medium fortified with 4.44 µM BAP + 2.85 µM indole-3 acetic acid (IAA) + 271.45 µM adenine sulphate (Ads). Best results of rooting were observed on 1/2 strength MS medium containing 4.90 µM IBA. Plants with well-developed shoots and roots were successfully hardened with over 80% survivability. (Nature and Science 2010;8(9):244-252). (ISSN: 1545-0740).


This paper proposes a patch‐based texture synthesis approach that cuts and stitches irregularly shaped texture patches to generate new texture images with minimized visual discontinuity. It works well on a wide range of textures. A semiautomatic algorithm is developed to obtain the irregularly shaped patches. To synthesize strictly structured textures, a regular pasting method is proposed to identify the texture structures and subsequently position the irregularly shaped patches according to the identified structures. The results and comparisons with related work are given.


This paper introduces a novel, open source software named Intensive Care Window, ICW. ICW enables communication with intensive care unit bedside installed medical devices over standard and proprietary communication protocol stacks, facilitates the acquisition of vital signs and physiological parameters exported from patient attached medical devices and sensors. Moreover, ICW provides run-time and/or post analysis procedures for data annotation, data visualisation, data query and analysis. The ICW application can be deployed as a stand alone solution or in conjunction with existing clinical information systems providing a holistic solution to inpatient medical condition monitoring, early diagnosis and prognosis.


The devastating socioeconomic impacts of recent droughts in the Western Cape have intensified the quest for future drought mitigation measures. While ongoing global warming may increase atmospheric evaporative demand and worsen drought conditions, most studies on drought in the Western Cape have overlooked the role of potential evapotranspiration (PET). The present study examines the role of PET on future drought characteristics, focusing on four river catchments. Two drought indices, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), were analysed. The capability of the Co‐ordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment simulations to reproduce the drought characteristics was evaluated by comparing present‐day climate simulations with observations. The impacts of different global warming levels (GWLs) on the SPI and SPEI projections were assessed using self‐organizing map (SOM) classifications. The results project that a robust drying signal across the Western Cape, but the magnitudes of the projections, which vary across the river catchments, increase with the GWLs. The changes in the drought intensity and frequency are weaker when using the SPI than the SPEI, suggesting that SPI projections may underestimate the influence of global warming on drought because they do not account for the influence of PET. The SOM classification confirms the differences between the two drought indices reveals the drought patterns that are not seen in the drought ensemble means. Nevertheless, the study underscores the need to mitigate future drought impacts over the Western Cape, but with careful consideration on the drought index used in characterizing the droughts.


Abstract: A lot of useful data on forest condition can be gathered from the Forest Inventory (FI). Without the help of data analysis tools, human experts cannot manually interpret information in such a large data set. Conventional multivariate statistical analyses provide results that are difficult to interpret and often do not represent the information in a satisfactory way. Our goal is to identify an alternative approach that will enable fast and efficient interpretation and analysis of the FI data. Such interpretation and analysis can be performed automatically with a clustering method, but all clustering methods have some shortcomings. Therefore, our aim was also to provide information in a form suitable for fast and intuitive visualization. Kohonen's Self Organizing Map (SOM) is an alternative approach to data visualization and analysis of large multidimensional data sets. SOM provides different possibilities and our experiments are presented with component matrices of individual stand parameters and label matrices. In forming data clusters, we experimented with hierarchical and non hierarchical clustering methods. Our experiments showed that SOM provides useful information in a form suitable for data clustering and data visualization. This enables an efficient analysis of large FI data sets at different analysis scales. Clustering results obtained with SOM and two clustering algorithms are in accordance with ground truth. We have also considered the efficiency of SOM component matrices by visual comparison and correlation among structural parameters and by determining contributions of individual stand parameters to clustering input data. SOM application in visualization and analysis of stand structural parameters enables gathering quickly and efficiently holistic information on the current condition of forest stands and forest ecosystem development. Therefore we recommend the application of Kohonen's SOM for visualization and analysis of FI data.


Various types of naturally occurring and artificially made chemicals cause disruption of endocrine processes among animals. They mimic biochemically with hormones and interfere with the normal signaling and activity of the endocrine system, causing enormous changes at the cellular level of animals from lower to higher organisms, including human being. These modified regulations of cellular activities as a result of endocrine disruptors have severe implications at the organismal level. Types and adverse effects of these natural and synthetic agents, especially estrogenic compounds causing biological threats have been discussed in details in this review.


Pituitary content of luteinizing hormone (LH) and mRNAs for LHfI-subunit (LH(3), a-subunit, prolactin, and growth hormone were measured in ewes on Days 50 and 140 of gestation and on Days 2, 13, 22, and 35 postpartum. Content of LH in dissociated anterior pituitary cells declined (P<0.05) between Days 50 and 140 of gestation and remained low at 2 days postpartum. By 22 days postpartum, pituitary concentrations of LH were comparable to concentrations in normally


It is very important that rail freight transport recover its competitiveness in freight transport market. Railway must play a important role to reduce the volume by road transport, but the rail freight volume decline continuously excluding container. The idle freight cars are the main cause of rail transportation cost increase. Recently attachable container is developed to replace gondola car. This is the starting point to introduce new concept on rail freight transport. Hopper car carry bulk such as bituminous coal, iron ore and cement clinker. It is well known that hopper cars are suffering from unbalanced demand according to direction. In this study, we analysed the current status on hopper car transport and suggest the method to reduce idleness of hopper car.


Chiral non-racemic analogues of cyclam were prepared via reaction of (1R, 2R)-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine with appropriately substituted malonyl dichlorides. Larger macrocycles are formed as by-products in some cases. All new macrocycles were characterised by X-ray crystallography.


Prospective teacher's metacognition knowledge such as declarative knowledge, procedural knowledge, and conditional knowledge is becoming crucial in the development of an efficient learning design. This lead to the urgency in measuring the level of metacognitive knowledge of prospective teachers. Currently, rubric to measure prospective teacher's metacognition knowledge in designing learning instruction is very limited. Therefore, this study aims to develop a rubric to assess metacognition knowledge in designing learning instruction. The Research and development methods are employed with the development design model including the preliminary study phase, development study phase, and evaluation stage. The rubric prototype resulted includes declarative, procedural and conditional knowledge in designing learning instruction on GPA aspects, learning objectives, learning materials, learning strategies, learning steps, learning media, learning resources, and learning outcomes assessment. Keywords—rubric; instrucional design; metacognition


The purpose of this qualitative study was to better understand how five choral music educators' life experiences, prior knowledge, attitudes, values, beliefs, and understandings surrounding the formation of their musical selves have come to shape their professional practice. A secondary purpose of this research was to examine institutional context and governing ideologies of the choral music discipline. The study involved five choral music educators—including the researcher—of various ages, genders, and cultural backgrounds from Winnipeg, Manitoba. This research is grounded in what Beattie (1995) terms the dialectical and collaborative nature of narrative inquiry, but also looks to reflexive inquiry and life history methodologies (Cole & Knowles, 2000), as well as the practice of collective biography (Davies & Gannon, 2006) to shape its methodological framework. As such, autobiographical forms of self-study research are reconceptualized as collaborative self-study. Data collection methods included journal writing, personal in-depth interviews, and participant observation. In particular, regular focus group sessions, which included peer interviewing, played a central role throughout the research process. This forum allowed participants to share their musical life histories and interrogate each others' narratives, thereby triggering musical memories and exposing the interconnectivity of musical pasts to current professional practice.Data is re-presented in rich narratives which trace the path of each participant's musical life history in interaction with theory and relevant literature. Numerous themes, sub-themes, tensions, and epiphanal episodes (Denzin, 1994) are illuminated. Moreover, connections between participants' experiences and resultant ways of knowing are exposed, and we are confronted with "the unexpectedness of universality" (Hofstadter, 2007, p. 242). Thus, our commonessence is revealed. Participant chapters are followed by a postlude featuring the researcher's personal narratives, an examination of researcher voice, and questions regarding the practice of choral music education that have surfaced through reflexive analysis of the data. This research strives to be a model for personal professional development among choral music educators, and provides a template for future purposeful discussion in the choral discipline.


Four ruminally and duodenally fistulated steers (1228 lb) were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to evaluate the effects of dietary urea level on nutrient digestion, microbial protein production, and rumen metabolism of steers fed a rolled corn diet without urea or with .5, 1.0, or 1.5% urea (dry matter basis) and no other supplemental protein. Rumen digestibilities increased 33% for organic matter and 25% for starch with the first increment (.5%) of urea, but little or no improvement occurred with subsequent urea additions. Apparent rumen nitrogen digestibility decreased linearly, whereas total tract and true ruminal nitrogen digestibility increased linearly with increased urea. Duodenal nitrogen flow and m icrobial protein production were not affected by treatment. Rumen pH decreased and tota l volatile fatty acids increased as dietary level of urea increased. Molar proportions of propionate increased and butyrate decrease d linearly with the addition of urea, suggesting increased efficiency of rumen fermentation. Rumen NH increased 63% following 1.0% urea 3 addition to the diet. Urea improved ruminal digestibility and increased efficiency of fermentation but did not increase metabolizable protein to the small intestine.


This article discusses the issues of execution of the order of the Head of State K.-Zh.Tokayev in the framework of the Address to the People of Kazakhstan dated September 1, 2022, related to the new economic policy, including the development of a new Tax Code. In order to develop practical recommendations for the development of this normative legal act, an analysis of the effectiveness of the functioning of the current tax system of the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out, its shortcomings and ways to eliminate them were identified. To resolve pricing issues, the elements of the monetary system were considered, measures were identified that contribute to the systemic regulation of monetary circulation in the country and proposals for the effective functioning of the financial system were developed. Within the framework of solving the tasks of transition from "budget management" to "results management" by using methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison, statistical analysis, the existing mechanisms of budget planning and execution are identified and measures are proposed to revise and improve budget tools in the New Budget Code. The proposed measures are aimed at modernizing monetary and fiscal instruments and implementing a new economic policy in the republic


The critical analysis of news discourse is an important concern of the critical discourse analysis, which is of theoretical and practical significance. With combination of discourse analysis and social context analysis, news discourse research based on corpus contains qualitative, interpretative summary and analysis, which shows the combination of quantitative and qualitative method, is used to solve the traditional CDA problems of lacking objectivity and validity. The corpus technology, including frequency, keywords, concordance, collocation, and cluster is a remedy to the drawbacks of the traditional critical analysis on news discourse.


With the development of computer, network and information technology, the distributed networked manufacturing and agile manufacturing(AM) may be realized based on GT. According to Chinese conditions, the ways of building agile production framework based on GT and the technology of AM cells group and distributed networked manufacturing system reconfiguration are introduced. AM with high flexible of production system and business process reengineering (BPR) is come true. On the basis of GT, virtual enterprise and decentralization networked manufacturing may be realized. Our work will benefits to manufacturing enterprises.


The converse piezo effect is used to minimize the deflection of a given point for antisymmetrically laminated rectangular plates. The piezoelectric layers are bonded to the top and bottom surfaces of the laminate and are subjected to an electrical field. The deformation generated by the piezo effect counteracts the deflections induced by mechanical and/or thermal loads. Moreover, the ply angles can be used as additional design variables to minimize the deflection. In the numerical examples, the mid-point of the plate is specified as the point deflection of which is to be minimized. It is shown that, depending on the magnitudes of the mechanical and thermal loads, the deflection of this point can be reduced to zero by applying a certain voltage to piezoelectric layers.


This paper describes the principles of automating the Maitake ( Grifola frondosa Dicks. Fr.S. F. Gray ) mushroom's cultivation process using the developed speaking mushroom approach (SMA) system. The system measures the bioelectric potential signal from the mushrooms and uses it as a control parameter for the lighting conditions. The purpose of the SMA system is to allow optimal control over the cultivation environment in order to improve the running cost and production yields within mushroom factories. It uses sensors and actuators to maintain the optimal temperature and humidity, and uses the known inherent mushroom bioelectric potential to control the lights. The results from the SMA system in this experiment showed a clear bioelectric potential present in the Maitake fruit body. These bioelectric potential signals reflect the internal rhythm of the mushroom as well as external stimulations. Analysing the measured signals the SMA system dem-onstrated that it will be possible to save energy and time during mushroom cultivation.


Abstract Isolated membrane vesicles from Escherichia coli K-12 rapidly degrade adenosine to adenine and inosine to hypoxanthine, using membrane-localized nucleoside phosphorylase activity, without transporting them across the membrane. The free bases are then transported and accumulated intravesicularly as the nucleoside monophosphate. The kinetics of formation of the nucleoside monophosphates, AMP and IMP, respectively, shows the same response to temperature, 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate concentration, and nucleotide inhibitors whether the free base or ribonucleoside is the substrate for uptake. The mechanism of purine nucleoside uptake in E. coli is therefore postulated to occur by two enzymatic steps involving two membrane enzymes: (a) extramembranal cleavage of nucleoside to free base and (b) group translocation of the free bases mediated by membrane phosphoribosyltransferases resulting in the intramembranal accumulation of nucleoside monophosphate. The second reaction is the means of adenine and hypoxanthine uptake and therefore the utilization of free purine base and purine nucleoside share a common pathway in this organism. The kinetics of uptake with respect to concentration of nucleoside or free base suggests that there may be interaction or association, or both, between the two enzymes themselves on the membrane surface.