Large amounts of pumice stone generated by the submarine volcanic eruption at Fukutoku Okanoba on 13 August 2021 drifted ashore, affecting ship navigation and fishery operations and posing challenges for disposal and a risk to benthic sea-life. As a new approach to managing ejected pumice from submarine eruptions, we investigated the possibility of using pumice as a sand-capping material for eutrophic sediments through laboratory experiments. Crushed pumice as a sand cover material effectively reduced the sedimentary oxygen consumption rate. Nutrient release from sediment showed a similar trend, with ~25% and 82% reductions in NH4-N and PO4-P release rates, respectively. Furthermore, bivalve exposure experiments using crushed pumice suspended in seawater showed no adverse effects specific to pumice and lowered bivalve mortality to a greater extent than did using kaolin at the same concentration. This could be related to the differences in gill accumulation and blockage owing to the particle size variation of suspended particles. These results suggest that crushed pumice is effective for sand-capping and suitably suppresses oxygen consumption and nutrient release from sediments.


Abstract A serendipitiously discovered, extremely simple, fast and previously unreported method for the preparation of symmetrical aliphatic, aromatic and heteroaromatic disulfides is reported. Addition of sulfuryl chloride to an alkyl- or arylthiol in a 1:2 ratio under solvent free conditions or in dichloromethane solution produces the corresponding disulfides in nearly quantitative yields with the concomitant elimination of gaseous SO 2 and 2 equiv of HCl. Thus, optimally the reaction needs no work-up at all leaving the disulfide as the sole product in excellent yield. In dichloromethane solution, the reaction is conveniently carried out in a rotary evaporator by mixing the solvent, thiol and SO 2 Cl 2 in a round-bottomed flask followed by evaporation of the volatiles.


Purpose - – Over the years a number of tactical, dynamic and strategic approaches for asset allocation have been developed to improve the objectivity of portfolio management. One of the most popular approaches is to annually rebalance a portfolio of six to ten assets classes back to an equal or fixed percentage. Most researchers agree that this is essentially a contrarian strategy. The purpose of this paper is to develop and evaluate an asset allocation methodology using a biasing factor that can implement a momentum strategy for investors who might prefer momentum investing. Design/methodology/approach - – Three portfolio strategies, buy and hold, equal rebalancing and bias factor rebalancing are compared using 20 years of performance data and a diversified set of eight asset classes. The biased approach is then tested using two years of data not included in the original analysis data. Findings - – This research demonstrates that there is a wide range of active rebalancing approaches that can easily implement either a momentum or a stronger contrarian strategy. In addition, the findings present considerable evidence that a partial or full biased momentum approach can result in improved portfolio performance with reduced risk over longer time periods. Practical implications - – The results for buy and hold show that the traditional equal rebalancing strategy may not be worth the extra effort required to implement it. Originality/value - – Even though the full momentum approaches are less diversified than the buy and hold or the equal rebalancing strategies, it resulted in superior risk-adjusted returns as measured by the Sharpe ratio.


Technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) is the heart of good teaching. Teachers' TPACK is not only a mandate but also a manifesto in the information era. Pre-service teachers' education is of critical importance to promote teachers' TPACK. After the analysis of the present pre-service teachers' TPACK development main paths and the importance of reflection and collaborative learning, the pre-service teachers' development path of constructing interactive negotiation and reflection community among peers and mentors was put forward and expound in detail. The interactive negotiation and reflection community penetrates through the three stages of lesson plan, lesson presentation and lesson evaluation and modification to cultivate pre-service teachers' TPACK by means of not only personal but also collaborative reflection and negotiation. Moreover, each member of the community has different roles and tasks in turn in order to cultivating their individual TPACK. Keywords—TPACK; Pre-service teachers; Development path; Interactive negotiation and reflection community


The present disclosure provides a photoelectric conversion layer containing a semiconductor and plural metal-containing minute structures dispersed therein. The minute structures are minute structures (A) comprising metal material (+-) or otherwise minute structures (B) comprising metal material (+-) and material () selected from the group consisting of oxide, nitride and oxynitride of substances and the semiconductor. In the minute structures (B), the material () is on the surface of the metal material (+-). Each of the minute structures has an equivalent circle diameter of 1 nm to 10 nm inclusive on the basis of the projected area when observed from a particular direction. The closest distance between adjacent two of the minute structures is 3 nm to 50 nm inclusive. The present disclosure also provides applications of the photoelectric conversion layer to a solar cell, a photodiode and an image sensor.


Objective To study the correlation between brainstem auditory evoked potentials(BAEP) and susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL) . Methods 50 cases with occupational NIHL(the study group,including the mild and moderate deaf groups) and 50 individuals with normal hearing(the control group) were detected by pure tone audiometry(PTA) and BAEP test. The data obtained in the two groups were compared. Results The PTA and BAEP thresholds of the mild,moderate deaf groups was significantly higher than that of the control group There was statistically significant difference among the three groups(P0.01) . The difference value between BAEP and PTA of the three groups showed no significant difference(P0.05) ,It is also showed that the difference value of the moderate deaf group was higher than that of the mild deaf group and the control group,with statistically significant difference(P0.01) . The difference value between the BAEP and PTA of 100 cases was(14.58±7.46) dB,showed a positive correlation(r=0.755) between the BAEP and PTA. Conclusion BAEP test provides objective and impartial basis for the diagnosis of occupational hearing loss,but is not in full accordance with the subjective speech frequency hearing threshold.


Trollope was long ago enshrined as the supreme literary embodiment of middle-class stodginess. He has been called, variously, "the apotheosis of normality"; the last "unalienated" English novelist; and the Victorian writer most "at ease" with mechanisms of power and wealth. Mario Praz scorned him as the quintessential "bourgeois" novelist, finding him to be "the most typical representative ... of the Biedermeier spirit." David Skilton disdained his "general conformity to everyday, middle-class ideals." Recently, D. A. Miller has added his voice to this already swollen chorus, claiming (somewhat superciliously) that Trollope is in cahoots with the police-that is, that he is a purveyor of middle-class disciplinary norms.' It may seem strange, then, to talk about transgression in Trollope, except perhaps in a very special sense-the sense in which transgression is a fundamental part of nineteenth-century middle-class culture itself. For that culture depended in crucial ways on an affirmative staging of desires or behavior that had also been defined as illicit-a dynamic that is either ignored or trivialized by smug condemnations of Trollope's one-dimensionality. In Trollope, and in middle-class culture generally, there is an energetic antibourgeois principle, dedicated to the reappropriation of transgressive experience, that is as closely related to the way cultural authority is formulated as are the strict bourgeois moral standards that transgression appears to violate. We tend to overlook the role of transgression in middle-class culture, and to concede that culture's ascetic standards too readily, partly because of its marked revulsion from the immoral license of both popular and aristocratic culture. Whenever we do encounter violations of moral standards by bourgeois writers, we are quick to isolate them as rare, forward-thinking, unilateral challenges to social order, if we do not trivialize them as nonserious exceptions that only confirm the norm.2 But all cultures, not just capitalistic or puritanical ones, tend to draw their symbolic conceptions of desire from their own cultural margins. In overemphasizing the role of moral norms, which do, obviously, play a special role in middle-


An extreme simple method for digital FIR filter design is introduced. A series of filter formulas are obtained. In comparison with existed methods the method is the simplest except rectangular window method. Filter transition bandwidth is smaller than 4.65π/N for filter order N. For the same filter specifications filter order obtained by using the new method is much smaller than by using Kaiser window if minimum stop band attenuation is in the range of 39.5db to 48.5db and corresponding maximum pass band ripple is from 0.35db to 0.18db.


Acknowledgments Introduction * 1 The U.S. Colonization of Northern Mexico and the Creation of Mexican Americans * 2 Where Mexicans Fit in the New American Racial Order * 3 How a Fragile Claim to Whiteness Shaped Mexican Americans' Relations with Indians and African Americans * 4 Manifest Destiny's Legacy: Race in America at the Turn of the Twentieth Century Epilogue Notes Bibliography Index About the Author


Using lumped-mass method,a rectangular TLD system was designed for the Frame-shear wall structure to control horizontal seismic action of the first vibration mode and the second vibration mode.By using this system,the maximal displacement at the top of the structure decreased by 29.7%.


OBJECTIVE: To examine the role of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in the prevention of radiocontrast—induced nephropathy (RIN). DATA SOURCES: A literature search of MEDLINE (1966–December 2001) was performed using the following search terms: N-acetylcysteine, nephropathy, acute renal failure, and radiocontrast. STUDY SELECTION: Pertinent English-language animal and human studies were reviewed. DATA SYNTHESIS: Few small animal trials have demonstrated that NAC significantly prevents the development or reduces the severity of acute renal failure. Two human studies demonstrated NAC significantly reduces the occurrence of RIN. CONCLUSIONS: NAC may reduce the occurrence of RIN in high-risk patients. Further large-scale studies are needed to corroborate findings from earlier trials.


Cutaneous horn over the penis presents as a rare conical, hyperkeratotic nodule. About one-third of the cases are associated with malignancy. Herein, we report a case of verrucous carcinoma over the penis, presenting as a nail.


The proliferation of various mobile devices equipped with cameras results in an exponential growth of the amount of images. Recent advances in the deep learning with convolutional neural networks (CNN) have made CNN feature extraction become an effective way to process these images. However, it is still a challenging task to deploy the CNN model on the mobile sensors, which are typically resource-constrained in terms of the storage space, the computing capacity, and the battery life. Although cloud computing has become a popular solution, data security and response latency are always the key issues. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a novel lightweight framework for privacy-preserving CNN feature extraction for mobile sensing based on edge computing. To get the most out of the benefits of CNN with limited physical resources on the mobile sensors, we design a series of secure interaction protocols and utilize two edge servers to collaboratively perform the CNN feature extraction. The proposed scheme allows us to significantly reduce the latency and the overhead of the end devices while preserving privacy. Through theoretical analysis and empirical experiments, we demonstrate the security, effectiveness, and efficiency of our scheme.


The invention discloses a deironing pulverizer for producing ceramics. The deironing pulverizer comprises a pulverizer body, an electromagnet and a hydraulic cylinder, wherein a feeding funnel is disposed at the left end of the upper side of the pulverizer body, a rotary shaft is vertically disposed at the axis of the pulverizer body, rotary pulverizing rods are disposed on the outer wall of the rotary shaft in a left-right symmetry manner, five pairs of rotary beating short rods are disposed on the outer wall of each rotary pulverizing rod in an up-down symmetry manner, and fixed pulverizing rods are disposed on the inner wall of the pulverizer body in a left-right symmetry manner. The deironing pulverizer has the advantages that the rotary pulverizing rods, the rotary beating short rods, the fixed pulverizing rods and fixed beating short rods jointly beat and pulverize materials, high beating force and high pulverizing strength are achieved, pulverizer work efficiency is increased, secondary pulverizing of the materials is performed by a meshed gear set, material pulverizing effect is guaranteed, the particle size of the materials pulverized by the gears can be adjusted, high practicality is achieved, iron and magnetic substances in the materials can be removed, and finished product quality is guaranteed.


The lever-type electrical connector assembly includes a connector housing adapted to mount a plurality of terminals. Housing includes a rear end for receiving a plurality of electrical wires to the terminal processing of the front end, the terminal for coupling with a complementary mating connector. Mating assist lever is pivotally on the connector housing for movement in the pivotal operating stroke between a mating position at the opposite end of the preload position and the stroke at one end of the stroke to allow the electrical wires can be terminal processing to the terminal It is mounted to move. Cross-coupled latch is provided between the connector housing and the mating assist lever in order to maintain the mating assist lever in a preload position. It is possible that the wire dress cover mounted on a rear end of the housing to protect the connection between the electric wire and the terminal. A wire dress cover has a release means for separating the cross-coupled latch to the mating assist lever pivoting after the wire dress cover mounted on the housing. Connector, the lever-type latch, the housing, the terminal


With the increasing use of portable devices containing secure information, side-channel attack (SCA) has become an important threat to hardware. Traditional circuit designs leave otherwise secure systems vulnerable due to the external characteristics of the circuits, rather than in the crypto algorithms themselves. These characteristics are exploitable because they can be easily measured and processed to giving an attacker insight into the device's secret data. Alternative design techniques such as dual-rail asynchronous logic are capable of alleviating this problem to some extent; but still leave exploitable weaknesses while inducing high overhead. Multi-Threshold Dual-spacer Dual-rail Delay-insensitive Logic (MTD3L), presented in this paper, guarantees the security against power-based SCAs by balancing switching activities between the two rails of each signal, while offering a significant reduction in overhead through the incorporation of Multi-Threshold CMOS power gating structure. The SCA mitigating effectiveness and efficiency of MTD3L have been demonstrated by the design and simulation of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) cores.


In-situ polymerization of pyrrole (PPy) was carried out with tantalum pentoxide (Ta 2O5) in the presence of oxidizing agent ammonium persulphate to synthesize polypyrrole/tantalum pentoxide (PPY/Ta2O5) composites by chemical oxidation method. The PPY/Ta2O5 composites were synthesized with various compositions viz., 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt. % of Ta2O5 in pyrrole. The powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrograph, suggests that they exhibit semi-crystalline behavior. The Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) reveals the stretching frequencies are shifted towards higher frequency side. The surface morphologies of these composites using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), show that Ta2O5 particles are embedded in PPy chain to form multiple phases. Current versus voltage at room temperature studies shown that the metallic behavior of conducting polypyrrole/tantalum pentoxide composites. Current versus temperature at constant voltage studies shown the dimensions of tantalum pentoxide particles in the matrix have a greater influence on the current value.


Birefringent films of bacteriophages represent a new class of biological liquid crystals. Their self-assembled structure determines their properties, including increased antibiotic tolerance, which we explain using an effective medium theory of antibiotic diffusion.


The construction and operation of a fast acting gas valve is described. The valve, which has a measured sampling time of 150 mu s, has been used to extract samples from a transient rotating neon plasma for the purpose of studying isotope separation effects in the plasma. The motion of the valve was investigated optically. The valve sampling time was determined by a novel method, which utilized the discharge itself.


A 61-year-old female presented with gross hematuria and left flank pain. The arteriogram and CT scan revealed a large left renal tumor and multiple small right renal metastatic tumors. A chest X-ray and Ga scintigram showed no other metastatic lesions. A left radical nephrectomy and a right renal bench surgery were performed at the same time. The right multiple tumors were enucleated and the right kidney was autotransplanted into the right iliac fossa. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was free of tumor with good renal function. Renal preservation surgery was considered more beneficial for this patient than bilateral nephrectomy followed by hemodialysis.


Aiming the phenonenons of non-traditional security incidents more and more frequently and comprehensively occure, this paper puts forward a new security notion named macro-security. Based on the notion, urban macro-security system was presented. According to the macro-security theory, the strategy adjustment and the administrative system reform of urban security management were discussed.


The forward-forward algorithm presents a new method of training neural networks by updating weights during an inference, performing parameter updates for each layer individually. This immediately reduces memory requirements during training and may lead to many more benefits, like seamless online training. This method relies on a loss ("goodness") function that can be evaluated on the activations of each layer, of which can have a varied parameter size, depending on the hyperparamaterization of the network. In the seminal paper, a goodness function was proposed to fill this need; however, if placed in a one-class problem context, one need not pioneer a new loss because these functions can innately handle dynamic network sizes. In this paper, we investigate the performance of deep one-class objective functions when trained in a forward-forward fashion. The code is available at \url{https://github.com/MichaelHopwood/ForwardForwardOneclass}.


After ten years operation, Tian-Guang HVDC control and protection system will be updated. The Tian-Guang HVDC physical simulation system and RTDS simulation system were set up in this paper. Based on these two simulation systems, the function and dynamic performance of the updated Tian-Guang HVDC C&P system were tested. Totally 30 test groups and more than 300 test items are included in the testing matrix. And the simulation results in the physical simulation system were compared with those in the RTDS simulation system. The C&P software were optimized and improved during the test. The test shows that, the control and protection strategies and parameters used in the upgraded HVDC system perform well and meet the criterion.


This article responds to the call to examine approaches and strategies that are practiced or should be practiced in teacher education programs to ensure teachers' cultural competence for effective teaching in a multicultural democracy. As part of a larger study on a self-study that examined the author's practice of teaching diversity courses in teacher education that spans over 15 years, this article is organized around three questions: (1) What have I learned about classroom teachers' and teacher candidates' learning to develop cultural competence? (2) What practices have I used to foster preservice teachers' development of cultural competence? (3) To what extent have I successfully fostered preservice teachers' development of cultural competence? Beginning with a critical discussion of the imperative and urgency to foster preservice and in-service teachers' cultural competence, the study proceeds to address the three questions. Discussion of the implications and recommendations for teacher education practice are included.


Assessment of groundwater quality is important in many groundwater studies. Water never occurs in its pure state in nature. Groundwater composed of chemical ions in the form of solution. The type and concentration of these elements depends upon the surface, sub-surface environment, rate of groundwater movements and the source of groundwater. In addition to the above natural causes, man also contributes his share in changing the quality of water by sending sewage into ground and contaminating the aquifer by discharging industrial waste into it. The use of groundwater for drinking, agricultural and industrial needs is determined by, physical and chemical characteristics. The hydrochemical studies generally involve (i) a description of the occurrence of various constituents in groundwater, (ii) the relation of these constituents to water use, (iii) identification of geochemical patterns and (iv) the development of a hydrogeochemical model of the area. The present experimental work determines the ground water quality parameters by using GIS software at Ariyalur taluk, Tamil Nadu, India.


The coordination and bond properties of aluminium and silicon ions were discussed by means of molecular dynamics simulation. By combining KA and MATSUMIYA potentials, the results of simulations agree better with the experiments. Trend of coordination and bond properties changing along with the increasing content Al 2O 3 from 0 to 100% (mole fraction) was obtained. Average bond lengths of Si O in these simulations are within the range of 1.60 ~ 1.63?? and become smaller from 1.63?? in sample 0 to 1.60?? in sample 9 along with increasing content of Al 2O 3. Average bond lengths of Al O are within the range from 1.77?? in sample 1 to 1.86?? in sample 10. By analyzing the relation of CN(T) and CNSi(T) with Si/(Si+Al), it is found that Al mainly locates on the tetrahedral sites which neighbor the Si tetrahedra but avoid the Al tetrahedra while alumina content is low. Whereas when Si/(Si+Al) 0.5, Al octahedral units appeared and became predominant gradually. Meanwhile, Al avoidance principle can only be maintained at low alumina content. With increasing alumina, this principle would be broken gradually.


We consider several variants of the small satellites' application in respect to a passive radio monitoring of the terrestrial radiation sources. To analyze few variants of small satellites' constellation we carried out the mathematical modeling in Satellite Tool Kit (STK) and MATLAB. The purpose of modeling is to obtain the space system characteristics, such as the number of small satellites, parameters of their orbits, their altitude and spatial separation. We proposed criteria for their comparison; the better one was chosen using the simulation results. Also the influence of the mutual location of the radiation source and satellites on the coordinates' estimation accuracy was considered.


The Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (Public Law 95-87) authorizes the Secretary of the Interior to implement a regulatory program to control the environmental impacts of mining operations. The Secretary of Interior administers this program through the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSM) with assistance from state and other federal agencies as specified in the law. All functions and responsibilities assigned to USDA by Public Law 95-87 were delegated by the Secretary of Agriculture to the Chief of USDA-NRCS (formerly the SCS), except those that relate to the National Forest Service System Lands and to the USDA-Agriculture Research Service. This paper briefly presents the role USDA-NRCS had in the development of the rules, regulations, and guidelines to comply with Public Law 95-87 that pertained to soils before, during, and after surface mining for coal. 3 The history presented in this paper happened when the agency's name was the Soil Conservation Service (SCS). It seems only appropriate that the event during the SCS era be shown as SCS in this paper. So, events that happened before the name changed to the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) will be shown as SCS. The several and long quotes will hopefully help the reader appreciate the style of writing during that era and the force those written words had on the SCS employees working at that time. Some of the early SCS policy and procedures contained in various SCS documents are paraphrased or occasionally the exact wording is used in this paper. Proceedings America Society of Mining and Reclamation, 2004 pp 1700-1727 DOI: 10.21000/JASMR0401700


Operational Transfer Path Analysis (OTPA) is very attractive from a practical point of view, as it not requires an expensive measurement campaign in which transfer functions are measured, as is the case in the traditional Transfer Path Analysis (TPA). Instead, transmissibilities are measured from operational data, making the method relatively cheap in terms of measurement efforts. In practice, however, a lot of difficulties have to be overcome. In the paper measurements on a small gearbox are discussed. Both OTPA and the traditional TPA measurements were performed, allowing an objective comparison of OTPA. The difficulties for practical application of OTPA are discussed and conclusion are drawn from these measurements.


Ramalin (γ-glutamyl-N'-(2-hydroxyphenyl) hydrazide), a nitrogen containing lichen secondary metabolite was isolated decennium back from Ramalina terebrata, an Antarctic lichen. Since then it has attracted a number of researchers thus leading to various research investigations exploring the pharmacological potential of Ramalin in the past decade.

The bibliographic databases were explored for the peer-reviewed research related to the pharmacological importance of Ramalin.

The article summarizes the antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-obesity, antibacterial and anti-allergic activities of this molecule. Additionally, the studies conducted to show the potential of Ramalin in athercosclerosis, atopic dermatitis, neurodegenerative disorders, hepatic fibrosis and its role in autophagy suppression and enzyme inhibition are also described briefly. Moreover, the experimental findings also depict that Ramalin did not show any toxicity.

The current review shall be very useful for the future researchers interested to work on Ramalin because it summarizes all the relevant publications starting


Digital holographic systems are a class of two step, opto‐numerical, three‐dimensional imaging techniques which permit nanometric resolution of in‐vivo objects. The linear canonical transform (LCT) describes the paraxial propagation of a scalar wave field through any system comprising of lenses and free space. There are a great many different recording architectures used in holography. The interaction of these with the limitations of the recording device is poorly understood. Use of the LCT as a propagation model provides a unified description of the optical systems, facilitating direct comparison. We demonstrate how to use phase space diagrams to compare different digital holographic recording set‐ups, analyze the effects of the digital camera, and compare the sampling requirements of different numerical reconstruction algorithms. The results presented in this paper will allow digital holography practitioners to select an optical system to maximize the quality of their reconstructed image using a priori knowledge of the camera and object.


The invention relates to a device for the punctual stimulation of the nerve endings located in the region of the ears, said device having a battery-powered therapeutic current generator (3) arranged in a housing (4) which is to be worn in the region of the ear, and said generator supplying a low frequency therapeutic current. The therapeutic current generator (3) has a plurality of output channels (9a, 9b, 9c), wherein each output channel is associated with its own stimulation electrode (6a, 6b, 6c), and these output channels are connected to a micro-computer circuit (10) on the input side. Each output channel (9a, 9b, 9c) contains an amplifier (15a, 15b, 15c), controlled by a digital-analogue converter (12) and designed for bipolar output signals. A control signal is preferably fed to the amplifiers (15a, 15b, 15c), said signal causing current strength and stimulation voltage behaviour in the output circuit of the respective amplifier (15a, 15b, 15c), said behaviour adapting to the resistance value in said circuit and corresponding to I = k-R U = k-R2,in which k is a selectable constant. In addition, three output channels are preferably provided, each associated with its own stimulation electrode, and during the periods of current flow, the therapeutic current fed to each stimulation electrode (6a, 6b, 6c) is compensated each time with regard to the intensity and polarity by the therapeutic currents being fed to the other stimulation electrodes (6a, 6b, 6c).


The unique three-dimensional structure of carbohelicenes have fascinated generations of molecular chemists and has been exploited through a wide range of applications. In particular, their strong circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) has raised much attention in recent years due to promising applications in the design of new optical materials. Whereas a number of important precedents report enantioselective syntheses of fused carbo- and heterohelicenes, a direct catalytic enantioselective method allowing the synthesis of lower, nonfused carbo[n]helicenes (n = 4-6) is still lacking. We report that Pd-catalysed enantioselective C–H arylation in the presence of a unique bifunctional phosphine-carboxylate ligand provides a simple and general access to these simple carbo[n]helicenes. Computational mechanistic studies indicate that both the C–H activation and reductive elimination steps contribute to the overall enantioselectivity. In addition, the observed enantio-induction seems to arise from a combination of noncovalent interactions and steric repulsion between the substrate and ligand during the two key reductive elimination steps. Moreover, the current method allows a comparative study of the CPL properties of lower carbo[n]helicenes, which led to the discovery that carbo[4]helicenes actually display CPL responses comparable to the higher carbo[6]helicene congeners.


AN INVESTIGATION TO ATTEMPT TO DEVELOP A TECHNIQUE FOR MEASURING THE DRIVING HAZARD OF ONE HIGHWAY RELATIVE TO ANOTHER BEGAN IN 1966. DATA FOR THIS STUDY WERE COLLECTED WITH A DRIVOMETER-EQUIPPED TEST CAR OPERATING ON SIX FUNCTIONALLY DIFFERENT HIGHWAYS. THIS PAPER IS AN OUTGROWTH OF THE DRIVING HAZARD STUDY AND WAS SPECIFICALLY INTENDED TO EXPLORE ANY CORRELATION THAT MIGHT EXIST BETWEEN THE RECORDED DRIVOMETER EVENTS AND TRAFFIC VOLUMES ON A GIVEN FACILITY. DATA WERE COLLECTED FROM A DRIVING SCHEDULE WHICH UTILIZED A LATIN SQUARE EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN TO MINIMIZE BIAS BETWEEN DRIVERS, TIMES, AND FACILITIES. EIGHT DRIVOMETER EVENTS, EACH RECORDED ON A 0.1-MI BASIS IN ONE DIRECTION ON AN URBAN ARTERIAL STREET, WERE SELECTED AS INDEPENDENT VARIABLES TO BE COMPARED WITH 15-MIN TRAFFIC VOLUMES ON AN URBAN ARTERIAL STREET IN RALEIGH, N.C. THESE DRIVOMETER EVENTS INCLUDED TOTAL TRAVEL TIME, CHANGE IN SPEED, RUNNING TIME, SMALL STEERING REVERSALS, LARGE STEERING REVERSALS, BRAKE APPLICATIONS, ACCELERATOR APPLICATIONS, AND CHANGES IN DIRECTION OF TRAVEL. FOR THE FACILITY UNDER INVESTIGATION, THE MEAN NUMBER OF BRAKE APPLICATIONS CORRELATED MOST CLOSELY WITH TRAFFIC VOLUMES. HOWEVER, NONE OF THE SIMPLE CORRELATIONS WAS HIGH ENOUGH TO ASSUME COMPLETE LINEAR DEPENDENCE OF TRAFFIC VOLUME ON ANY SINGLE DRIVOMETER EVENT. BY COMBINING THE TWO MOST SIGNIFICANT EVENTS (BRAKE APPLICATIONS AND LARGE STEERING REVERSALS) AND USING A MULTIPLE REGRESSION ANALYSIS, EQUATIONS WERE DEVELOPED TO PREDICT TRAFFIC VOLUMES ON THE INVESTIGATED FACILITY. ALTHOUGH SPECIFIC FINDINGS ARE OBVIOUSLY APPLICABLE ONLY TO THE STUDY SITE, IT CAN BE CONCLUDED THAT, BY MEASURING A SUITABLE SAMPLE OF DRIVERS WITH A DRIVOMETER-EQUIPPED VEHICLE AND RECORDING THEIR BRAKE APPLICATIONS AND LARGE STEERING REVERSALS, TRAFFIC VOLUMES CAN BE COMPUTED WITH STATISTICAL CONFIDENCE. /AUTHOR/


Advances in the treatment and survival of Ewing's sarcoma patients create a need to treat underlying symptoms that limit activities of daily living and quality of life. This case describes the treatment of pain in a 25-year-old female pediatric nurse with Ewing's sarcoma of the pelvis that was in remission following radiation and chemotherapy. She reported medication side effects and limitations in her activities of daily living and quality of life with the chronic use of topical and oral pain medications. A dextrose prolotherapy approach was used to treat her pain, which allowed her to discontinue her pain medication regimen, resulting in an improvement in her activities of daily living and quality of life. The improvement was sustained at the three-year follow-up after the last procedure.


educing inequalities was a major focus in 1997 for preventing cardiovascular disease (CVD). New evidence, presented at the fourth International Conference on Preventive Cardiology (ICPC), held in Montreal in June 1997, documented widespread inequalities in the geographic distribution of CVD, in disease burden by socioeconomic status and in access to preventive health care. Although age-adjusted rates of death from CVD have declined sharply in most developed countries over the past several decades, the opposite is occurring in eastern and central Europe. At the ICPC, Dr. Hugh Tunstall-Pedoe, from Ninewells Hospital in Scotland, presented data from the World Health Organization (WHO) MONICA Project (multinational monitoring of trends and determinants of cardiovascular diseases), in which 26 centres in 19 countries participated. He reported that the highest age-adjusted rate of death from ischemic heart disease ever documented was in Russia in 1994 (828 per 100 000, compared with 655 per 100 000 at the height of the epidemic in the US, in 1968). Several developing countries are experiencing increases in the incidence of CVD events and in the prevalence of risk factors, and at an even faster pace people in these countries are adopting lifestyles associated with mass occurrence of CVD. For example, Drs. Richard Peto, from Oxford University, and Derek Yach, from WHO in Geneva, reported at the ICPC that the number of smokers in these countries is expected to rise from the current 800 million to 1.4 billion by 2025 (the total number of smokers worldwide, currently estimated at 1.1 billion, will rise to 1.64 billion by 2025). The number of smokingrelated deaths is expected to rise from 1 million per year in 1990 to 7 million per year in 2025 in developing countries; the corresponding figures worldwide are 3 million and 10 million. The expected rise in CVD and other chronic diseases will further strain the meagre health care resources of these countries, which have yet to control infectious diseases and malnutrition. All countries that have studied socioeconomic factors have shown that social class is a strong predictor of the incidence of CVD and of the prevalence of risk factors and behaviours. It appears that relative poverty (one's position within a society) may be as important a predictor of ill health as absolute poverty (the level at which one cannot live) and that the effect of socioeconomic status on CVD and all-cause mortality may be cumulative over generations. In addition, in a study from Finland involving men followed up for 4 years, lower education and clustering of psychosocial factors (e.g., social isolation, hopelessness and cynical hostility) predicted thickening of the carotid artery walls (ref. 1: p. 156B). Data from the WHO MONICA Project suggest that important variations in the use of many proven preventive treatments contribute significantly to observed CVD inequalities (ref. 1: p. 157B). For example, Dr. David 14835 December 15/97 CMAJ /Page 1659


The effects of wind on scintillation decorrelation times are well known only for winds transverse to the propagation path. Therefore, we have investigated such effects using laser scintillation and sonic anemometer data obtained at an outdoor test site at DRDC-Valcartier. The data were taken during both day and night periods in May and June 2003. Meteorological data were also taken over these periods. Scintillation decorrelation times were then compared with the times deduced using the sonic anemometer wind data and Clifford's theory, which only uses the wind component transverse to the propagation path of the laser. Substantial differences were observed, because Clifford's theory does not take into account the effects of the wind's longitudinal component. A simple theoretical model has been developed to include the longitudinal wind. The model includes a free parameter that must be fitted to the data. Once this is done, the model allows us to predict, with reasonable accuracy, the scintillation decorrelation time scale given the inner scale and the wind at any angle. Residual discrepancies may be due to the internal evolution of the turbulence, which has not been included in our model and causes a decorrelation independent of the wind.


At present, the accuracy of speaker verification is not high and the training speed is slow. In order to improve the accuracy of speaker verification, this paper uses transfer learning and score fusion technology. Experimental results show that with the knowledge learned from the VoxCelebl dataset, transfer learning reduced the equal error rate (ERR) by 0.67% on the aishell-l dataset. By fusing the convolutional neural network-based model CNN and the DenseNet-BiGRUbased model DR, the ERR is reduced above 0.63%. In the aspect of training speed improvement, this paper uses data parallel technology based on the cloud platform, and studies the impact of the communication window value of Downpour mechanism and starting multiple workers in each cloud node on training speed and accuracy. The experimental results show that starting multiple workers in each cloud node can effectively improve the training acceleration ratio. This method has a more significant effect on the model DR of lower communication overhead. At the same time, the Downpour mechanism can also improve the training acceleration ratio, and it has a better acceleration effect on the model CNN of higher communication overhead. In the case where the cloud platform has 3 nodes, the acceleration ratio of the DR model is 3.94, which exceeds the linear acceleration ratio. Meanwhile, the impact on the speaker verification accuracy is less than 1% compared with stand-alone training. The acceleration ratio of the CNN model is 2.69, which is close to the linear acceleration ratio.


QD-××× gas turbine engine come from some kind of engine.It not only resolved problems of to-start and to-stabilize work,but also attained to the engine design orders in the performence test.The experiment data express that the engine output power in practice is smaller than it was in design calculation condition after improvement.Through analysis,we find that its ultimate reason is the engine in condition of higher exhaust temperature and smaller interior air flux.


High quality AlN epilayers were grown on SiC substrates using double layer AlN buffers growth method by metal organic chemical vapor deposition and exploited as active deep ultraviolet optoelectronic materials through the demonstration of AlN Schottky barrier photodetectors. The grown AlN epilayers have smooth surfaces, low etch-pit density, narrow width of x-ray rocking curves, and strong band edge photoluminescence emission with low impurity emissions. AlN Schottky photodetectors are shown to possess outstanding features including extremely low dark current and high breakdown voltage.


THIS PAPER PRESENTS THE results of a systematic review of literature on the topic of parents' views about child sexual abuse prevention education. It describes: i) what parents know about child sexual abuse prevention education; ii) what child sexual abuse prevention messages parents provide to their children and what topics they discuss; iii) what parents' attitudes are towards child sexual abuse prevention education in schools; and iv) their preferences for content. Electronic database searches were conducted to identify relevant literature published in English relating to child sexual abuse prevention programs and parents' views. A total of 429 papers was evaluated, with 13 studies identified as meeting the study's inclusion criteria. Worldwide, empirical research on parents' views about child sexual abuse prevention programs is limited and more research is needed in Australia. Implications for future research and practice are outlined.


Recent research is revealing how cognitive processes are supported by a complex interplay between the brain and the rest of the body, which can be investigated by the analysis of physiological features such as breathing rhythms, heart rate, and skin conductance. Heart rate dynamics are of particular interest as they provide a way to track the sympathetic and parasympathetic outflow from the autonomic nervous system, which is known to play a key role in modulating attention, memory, decision-making, and emotional processing. However, extracting useful information from heartbeats about the autonomic outflow is still challenging due to the noisy estimates that result from standard signal-processing methods. To advance this state of affairs, we propose a paradigm shift in how we conceptualise and model heart rate: instead of being a mere summary of the observed inter-beat intervals, we introduce a modelling framework that views heart rate as a hidden stochastic process that drives the observed heartbeats. Moreover, by leveraging the rich literature of state-space modelling and Bayesian inference, our proposed framework delivers a description of heart rate dynamics that is not a point estimate but a posterior distribution of a generative model. We illustrate the capabilities of our method by showing that it recapitulates linear properties of conventional heart rate estimators, while exhibiting a better discriminative power for metrics of dynamical complexity compared across different physiological states.


A previously developed fundamental measure functional [J. Chem. Phys. 107, 6379 (1997)] is used to study the phase behavior of a system of parallel hard cubes. The single-component fluid exhibits a continuous transition to a solid with an anomalously large density of vacancies. The binary mixture has a demixing transition for edge–length ratios below 0.1. Freezing in this mixture reveals that at least the phase rich in large cubes always lies in the region where the uniform fluid is unstable, hence suggesting a fluid–solid phase separation. A method is developed to study very asymmetric binary mixtures by taking the limit of zero size ratio at fixed solvent fugacity. With this procedure the mixture is exactly mapped onto a one-component fluid of parallel adhesive hard cubes. At any density and solvent fugacity the large cubes are shown to collapse into a close-packed solid. Nevertheless the phase diagram contains a large metastability region with fluid and solid phases. Upon introduction of a slight polyd...


Wetlands connecting with atmosphere, lithosphere and pedosphere, biosphere and hydrosphere, have the special ecosystem structure and function, were called the "the kidney of the Earth". The exploitation and protection of wetland have a direct influence on economic development and environment conditions. The Chinese wetland area roughly is 6 594×10 4 hm 2, account for 10% of the world wetland. Due to wetland degradation gradually in recent years, have resulted in the extremely serious ecosystem problems. Therefore summarizing the results researched, establishing methods to collect information containing remote sensing, wetland information system including every kind of wetland information database, and construction of the mechanism to publish and share information, have become a problem concerned by wetland and remote sensing scientists. The technique of WebGIS, that is a new technique developed by GIS and the Internet technique recently, with the function processing a large amount of data effectively and searching quickly, which may realize to interactive operation between machine and human, satisfies the needing of research, protection and exploitation of wetland fully. This paper expatiates the WebGIS function characteristics, emphasizes to introduce the WebGIS application in China Wetland Information System, and how to organize, manage and use the data in China Wetland Information System more availably with the WebGIS. And China Wetland Information System based on WebGIS has been the more and more important in wetland research, protection and exploration.


The experience of the organization of quality management education in the educational environment of the school in order to achieve good results the state final examination


General: Fmoc-amino acids were purchased from Advanced Chemtech and used as received. TMSCN was purchased from Aldrich and distilled before use. TBSCN was purchased from Aldrich and used as received. (R,R)-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane was resolved by literature methods. Salicylaldehydes were synthesized according to published procedures. All solid supported coupling reactions were carried out in fritted 1.5 ml or 10 ml disposable chromatography columns. Reactions were filtered upon completion and rinsed with DMF, THF, CH2Cl2 and toluene unless otherwise indicated. The progress of all amino acid coupling reactions was monitored by UV by quantification of dibenzofulvene released from 2 mg resin samples upon Fmoc cleavage. Thiourea formation was monitored by IR for disappearance of isothiocyanate. All imines were prepared as desribed below except for 1v which was prepared using a literature procedure. Imines 1a, 1b, 1c, 1f, 1i, 1m, 1n, 1r,and 1s, have been reported previously.


Based on the academic definitions for modern think tank collected from journal articles,Internet papers,dissertations and monographs,this article analyzed the content of these definitions according to organization form,job content,clients,objectives and nature of work,then further analyzed the development of think tank over time and prospected its development in the future.


The likelihood ratio test for cointegrating rank is analyzed for partial (or conditional) systems in the vector autoregressive error-correction model. Under the assumption of weak exogeneity for the cointegrating parameters, the asymptotic distributions are given and tables of critical values are provided. A discussion is given of some of the assumptions of the model, why they are needed, and how they are tested.


Diaphoromyrma sofiae, new genus and new species, is a Myrmicinae ant described from workers from the State of Bahia, Brazil. This taxon is characterized by the following traits: Antenna 9-segmented with 2-segmented club, trapezoidal promesonotum in dorsal view, propodeal spiracles situated on the propodeal edges, and the fourth abdominal sternite with a pair of rounded recurved anterolateral extensions which curve up onto the dorsal surface of the segment. Apparently this ant is close to the genera Allomerus and Diplomorium in the Solenopsidini, but its tribal attribution remains difficult because of the inadequate resolution of the phylogenetic relationships within the Myrmicinae.


Through the use of advanced integrated circuit technology, an implantable microstimulator, that is intended to restore normal bladder functions (retention and incontinence) to spinal cord injured patients, has been developed. The implant is externally controlled and powered by a single encoded radio frequency carrier and has 4 bipolar (8 monopolar) independently controlled channels. It offers a wide range of reprogrammability and flexibility and can be used to any neuromuscular applications. This microstimulator is able to generate any type of waveforms and a very versatile stimulation pattern. The reliability of the implant has been increased by using a forward error detection and correction communication protocol. The chip has been designed for structural testability by means of scan-based test approach and uses circuit techniques to reduce power and insure long-term stability.<<ETX>>


Non-public ownership system economy played an important role in the development of China social- ist marketing oriented economy,yet it received various barrier in the developing process.The way of solving this problem lies in the deepening reform and innovation which includes mechanism innovation,supervising and manag- ing innovation,institution innovation,culture innovation,technical innovation and management innovation and so on a series of strategic innovation.


HE23-PO Plants have the potential to produce more cost effective anti-HIV therapeutics. IntrOductIOn due to the increasing demand for pharmaceuticals and the high cost of production in traditional fermentor systems, plants are being considered as alternative production platforms for therapeutic molecules. One of the considerations for production of a recombinant protein in a plant is the choice of plant host, vector system and targeting of the protein to a specific cell compartment. All these can hugely influence the yield, functionality and downstream purification of the recombinant protein. Griffithsin (GrFt), a lectin isolated from the red algae Griffithsia, has shown extreme potency against the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in vitro in very low quantities (Mori et al., 2005). the molecular target of GrFt is the high mannose residues on the viral gp120 coat protein. Low cost production of GrFt and other anti-HIV drugs at minimal costs is crucial seeing that the high demand for anti-HIV drugs reside in poor developing countries.


One hundred pediatric and young adult patients under went implantation of an atrial tracking pacemaker. Sev enty-four pacemakers paced in an atrioventricular (AV) sequential mode at the lower rate limit (DOD) while 26 paced in a ventricular demand mode at the lower rate limit (VDD). Five patients required reoperation during follow-up of 1 month to 2.5 years (mean 1.5 years). Six additional patients required programming to ventricular demand (3) or AV sequential (3) pacing, because of de velopment of sinus bradycardia (2), atrial sensing prob lems (1) or pacemaker-mediated tachycardia (3). Pulse Pediatric and young adult patients should benefit more than other groups from the use of atrial tracking pacemakers. patients at


This paper presents a new multi-user-multi-chip framework for integrated MEMS in the CMOS-first and MEMS-last style that could be useful to develop highly functional opto-mechanical devices such as WSS mirror array with high-voltage level shifters.


The objective of this research was to know whether there was a correlation between students' speaking and writing ability of descriptive text at the second semester of tenth grade of SMAN 1 Lemong Pesisir Barat in 2015/2016 academic year. The research methodology of this research was correlation research, since the researcher wanted to know the correlation between students' speaking and writing ability of descriptive text. The population of the research was taken from the students at the second semester of tenth grade of SMAN 1 Lemong Pesisir Barat which consisted of 130 students. In taking the sample of the research, the researcher used cluster random sampling technique. The sample was X2 class which consisted of 32 students. In collecting the data, the researcher used instrument in the form of oral test about describing an object for speaking test and essay test about descriptive text for writing test. After giving try out, the researcher gave the test and then analyzed the data by using Pearson's Product Moment formula. The result of the hypothetical test was 0.8, and then it was consulted to rcritical. The result of rcritical with significant level 0.05 was 0.361. Due to robserved is higher than rcritical (0.8 > 0.361), the conclusion of the research is that there is a correlation between students' speaking and writing ability of descriptive text at the second semester of tenth grade of SMAN 1 Lemong Pesisir Barat in 2015/206 academic year. DOWNLOAD ABSTRACT


Statutory Home Office 400 W Capitol Ave, Ste 2000,Attn: Ragenea Hodge..... Little Rock ..... AR ..... 77201 (Street and Number) (City or Town, State and Zip Code) Main Administrative Office 304 Inverness Way South, Ste 465..... Englewood ..... CO ..... 80112 303-706-1200 (Street and Number) (City or Town, State and Zip Code) (Area Code) (Telephone Number) Mail Address 304 Inverness Way South, Ste 465..... Englewood ..... CO ..... 80112 (Street and Number or P. O. Box) (City or Town, State and Zip Code) Primary Location of Books and Records 304 Inverness Way South, Ste 465..... Englewood ..... CO ..... 80112 303-706-1200 (Street and Number) (City or Town, State and Zip Code) (Area Code) (Telephone Number) Internet Website Address www.imerica.com Statutory Statement Contact Laura Sandquist James 303-706-1200 (Name) (Area Code) (Telephone Number) (Extension) email@example.com 303-706-1201 (E-Mail Address) (Fax Number) Policyowner Relations Contact 304 Inverness Way South, Ste 465..... Englewood ..... CO ..... 80112 303-706-1200 (Street and Number) (City or Town, State and Zip Code) (Area Code) (Telephone Number) (Extension)


The Japanese-American experiment KamLAND has for the first time discovered oscillations in electron antineutrinos produced by an atomic reactor. The experimental facility, located in a mine in Japan, contains about 1000 tonnes of liquid scintillator and almost 2000 photomultipliers, to register scintillation glow from electrons forming in neutrino-proton collisions. The experiment registers neutrino flux from 69 atomic reactors in Japan and South Korea, the neutrino signal observed being dominated by several powerful reactors about 180 km away from the detector. The anticipated signal was calculated to an accuracy of about 1% based on the reactor characteristics. It was found that the number of electron antineutrinos reaching the detector is 40% less than what one would expect if no oscillations were present. This suggests that 40% of electron antineutrinos transform (oscillate) into other antineutrino types en route from a reactor to the detector. The finding came as no surprise. Recent solar neutrino experiments at the Sudbury neutrino observatory (see Usp. Fiz. Nauk 172 700 (2002) [Phys. Usp. 45 000 (2002)]) in fact proved the existence of neutrino oscillations. What the KamLAND experiment has now achieved is another, independent proof. The KamLAND results are in perfect agreement with the Sudbury data. Besides, they provide a more accurate value for the mixing angle (0:86 < sin 2y < 1:0), a key parameter involved in the theoretic description of the oscillation process. Source: Phys. Rev. Lett. 86 783 (2003) http://prl.aps.org; http://kamland.lbl.gov


From Baudrillard to Bauman and Castells, a bunch of well known enquires have shown how fragmentary, fluid, mobile or flexible social reality has become. This paper is a sort of academic development of those enquires. Aimed to present an outline of a theoretical model of social reality as a fluid reality, it starts, nevertheless, by trying to overcome difficulties, conflicts and rejections that the most simple formulation of it rise between the two hegemonic theoretical models in social theory. Social fluidity is sketched with both the unfolding of four main features (unstable multiplicity, mutual relationality, postsocial sociality, and laminar porosity) and a redefinition of the notions of «form», «stabilization», and «order». Finally some ways of application (to chart social fluidity) are discussed, as well as some political implications of the new theoretical model. This outline is rather schematic, rough, and incomplete. That is its weakness, but also its strength.


George Pavlovic Kovalevsky, architect and urban planner, belongs to the most significant authors who created in the period between the Two World Wars in Belgrade. Yet, his work and life have rarely been the subject of scholarly literature, while the study of his housing projects has been overlooked. This paper discusses housing projects designed by Kovalevsky mainly in collaboration with another Russian architect Vladimir Bilinski. The analysis of the projects is based on original archival plans, documents and photographs. Residential buildings designed during 1921-1923 by these two architects include small single-storey houses, multi-storey building and spacious villas. Although of different surface, volume and shape, they have some common characteristics such as: classical construction, equable aesthetic quality that followed the spirit of the late Secession or the modernized Academicism, and were designed in line with the requirements of the property-owners. Buildings created by Kovalevsky and Bilinski cannot be considered among the most important achievements of the interwar Belgrade residential architecture, but their study is important because it contributes to a better understanding and evaluation of the work of these authors, as well as the overall architectural production of that period. In a broader sense, this paper builds upon general rise in interest in the revaluation of cultural, social and historical values of residential architecture in Belgrade that was created in the late 19th and the first half of the 20th century, as an important segment of the material and immaterial cultural heritage and the identity of the city and contributes to its more adequate interpretation and preservation.


A gradient Na-beta ''-Al2O3 film was in-situ formed on the surface of alpha-Al2O3 ceramic substrate by a gas-solid reaction method and characterized by SEM, XRD, EPMA and contact angle test. The experimental results demonstrated that the thickness of the gradient film was greatly dependent on the reaction temperature. The surface modification of the alpha-Al2O3 substrate established the symmetry of the parts of sodium battery to be sealed, which significantly enhanced the sealing reliability of the sodium battery. The mechanism of the in-situ gradient film formation was also deduced and discussed.


Language teaching and learning is actually a dynamic process of constructing meaning by means of multiple signs in different modalities.This process itself is communication,but also aims at cultivating the ability of using language to conduct communication.Therefore,the process does not only involve language,but also many other signs that interact with language during the process.To make the signs meaningful in classroom,we need resurrect them in a contextualized situation,which reminds us of the multi-modality nature of communication.This thesis aims at proposing an integrated model of embedding pragma-linguistic culture into classroom EFL teaching and learning by taking into consideration the element of multi-modality in communication.


Could irradiation-induced abscopal effects (RIAEs) induce structural and functional damage in the distal ovary in female mice, and what is its mechanism?

 The RIAEs can induce an inflammatory reaction and inhibit the growth and development of ovarian follicles in mice leading to a decrease in ovarian reserve.

 The irradiated tumor could induce cell and tissue injury in the organs distant from the radiation site, referred to as the radiation-induced abscopal effects (RIAEs). Many pieces of research have shown out-of-field tumor regression effects of radiation therapy. However, RIAEs is a double-edged sword and may cause serious side effects on normal tissues. Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is one of the main side effects of radiotherapy, but the relationship between RIAE and POI has not been clarified.

 C57BL/6J mice were used to establish a RIAEs model by irradiating the thorax and the abdomens were shielded. Sixteen C57BL/6J female mice were randomly allocated to sham and experimental groups (n = 8/group) according to the presence or absence of irradiation with an 8 Gy X-ray on the local area of the chest every day for three days. After irradiation for twenty-one days, The effect and possible mechanism of RIAEs on non-irradiated ovarian were discussed.

 After irradiation, the estrous cyclicity, serum steroid hormones, and pro-inflammatory factors were compared between groups. Furthermore, RNA-seq was used to detect the expression of transcriptional levels in ovarian tissues in both groups. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened and analyzed by gene ontology-biological process (GO_BP) between irradiated and sham groups. The expression and localization of spermatogenesis-and oogenesis-specific basic helix-loop-helix-containing protein 1(SOHLH1) and neutrophil elastase (NE) in ovarian tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry(IHC).

 Compared with mice in the sham group, the irradiation group had disordered estrous cycles, reduced primordial follicles (P<0.001)] and growing follicles (P<0.001), significantly increased atretic follicles (P<0.001). Levels of serum estradiol [(70.28 ± 5.27) pmol/L] and AMH [(104.00±6.98) ng/L] in the irradiation group were significantly lower than those in the sham group [estradiol (97.58±7.25) pmol/L, P=0.016; AMH [(129.70±8.39) ng/mL, P=0.046], but FSH levels in the irradiation group were not significantly different from those in the sham group (P=0.996). Compared with the sham group, Serum levels of TNF-α [(488.30±36.20) ng/L vs. (31.61±12.89) ng/L, P<0.001] and IL-1β [(62.37±2.50) ng/L vs. (52.75±2.06) ng/L, P=0.018)] in the irradiation group were significantly increased. Serum levels of IL-6 in the irradiation group were also increased compared with the sham group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.301). The results of GO_BP analysis showed that down-regulated DGEs were mainly involved in the process of follicular development, and up-regulated DGEs were involved in the inflammation process. The IHC results showed that the positive expression area of SOHLH1 in the irradiation group was significantly lower than in the sham group (P=0.005). In comparison, the positive expression area of NE was significantly higher than that of the Sham group(P=0.024).

 This study was performed using a short, 3-day irradiation treatment condition. Therefore, the results need to be cautiously interpreted concerning radiation-associated chronic toxicity. Moreover, further studies in mouse tumor models are required to determine the clinical relevance of the role of RIAE.

 Although the precise molecular mechanisms of these distal effects on the genital system are still unclear, the current discovery might pave the way for establishing novel fertility preservation protocols. The research offers hope to women with POI related to cancer therapy through the modulation of abscopal effects associated with radiotherapy.

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After years of development,modern comprehensive transportation system has built,which Play a vital role in social economy of Guangzhou.In the new time,the national center city status is strengthen,comprehensive portal hub function is enhanced,industrial upgrading of Pearl River Delta is accelerated,and comprehensive competitiveness is promoted of the regional of the Pearl River Delta even Guangdong province.In the foreseeable future,there have a series of great changes on city spatial structure,population structure,employment and the distribution,and transportation demand characteristics,which will face great opportunities and challenges of city traffic development.So,on the basis of the traffic characteristic of Guangzhou is analysised,and traffic development trend is diagnosised.Some development thinking and specific suggestions were proposed.


The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of corn hybrid cultivation and weed control periods on the population and growth of the weeds B. plantaginea and R. raphanistrum. The trial was set at Universidade Estadual the Sao Paulo (UNESP), Botucatu Campus, Sao Paulo - Brazil. A completely randomized block design with four replications was used. The treatments were arranged in a factorial scheme with four corn hybrids (C701, DINA170, XL678, and C125) and four manual weed control periods [a. 15 days after emergence (DAE); b. 15 and 30 DAE; c. 15, 30 and 45 DAE, and d. weedy]. The hybrids DINA170 and C125 significantly decreased the density of B. plantaginea. The hybrids C701, DINA170 and XL678 affected the growth of the plants, but they did not affect the emergence of new plants of R. raphanistrum. Hand-hoeing at 15 DAE decreased the dry matter weight of the weeds B. lantaginea and R. raphanistrum by 93.1%, 95.4% and 89.2%, respectively, at harvest of the four hybrids.


Various unexpected incidents will occur frequently,the government should play a leading role in the disposal of these events,improve the ability of the government defense emergencies has strong practical meaning. This paper argues that the government's response to emergencies defense ability includes emergency prevention ability,control ability and disposal ability. To set up emergency defense system,the government need to strengthen the foundation,improve the guarantee ability; strengthen the scientific prediction,improve the early warning ability;perfect laws and regulations system,improve the response capacity; organize training exercises and improve the ability of actual combat.


Effects arising from a possible second-class axial-vector current are considered for the reactions ..nu..p ..-->.. ..mu../sup -/p..pi../sup +/ and nu-barn ..-->.. /sup mu+/n..pi../sup -/ in the (3,3) -resonance region. In the absence of second-class contributions, certain characteristic terms in the differential cross section must be identical in magnitude for the two mirror reactions. The experimental observation of differences would signal, in a model-independent way, the existence of second-class contributions. To assess how large the effects might be, the resonance-enhances, generalized Born approximation is adopted, and it is found that the signal could be quite substantial if the second-class coupling is as large as indicated by recent nuclear ..beta..-decay experiments. Second-class contributions also alter the expectations for other correlation terms and for the total cross section. All of these effects are analyzed for a range of values of the second-class coupling parameter.


In October 2000, the Northeast Ohio Regional Sewer District (NEORSD or District) began the Regional Intercommunity Drainage Evaluation (RIDE) Study of 27 urban…


1-furi .y of you attended Fi el d Days las t spr ing to obser ve vegetable research in progress. At that time most of t he researc h was not completed a~d results couid not be given. We pl an t o brief ly summarize the res ul t s of r ~search in vegetabl es for the 1959-6 0 season and forward i t to you through our "Veget arian" newsletter., This lette r covers rese arc h wor k conducted on vegetabl es at the Potato Investigations Labor atory at Hasti ngs and the Watermelon and Gr ape Investigations Laborato ry at Leesburg , Florida. Our thanks go t o Dr. Eddins a.~d Dr. Crall £or their cplc~~id cooperation. I J.nvestig~tion s of and Cont rol of Fusa rium Wilt of Watermel on Four selections (F59-l, F59-2 , F59-3 a.rid F59-4) of a wilt-resistan t Garriso n-type watermelon wer e t ested i n replicat ed trial s with Charle ston Gray, Summit, Garriso:ri.an a..11.d USDA Ll.ne 59-7. Select i ons F59-3 and F59-4 were comparable with Stm:n it which is high l y r esistant to wilt. Selections F59-l and F59-2 , .. ,.ere intermediate bet ween Charleston Gray whi ch is mode1: ate ly resista.rit to wilt and Ga.rriso nian , a highly sus ceptible varie ty. Yields of all selections were equal to and mz.tu.re later than Charleston Gray. Fruit quality in each selection was excellento II-In vesti.e;at ·l ons of and Cont ro l of Fungus Diseases A. Control of Gumny Stem Blight 1. Spr aying or dr enching water melo n seed with sever al r ates of f ungicides (phaltan , maneb, omadine and zin eb) at various stages duri..11g the seed clean~~g proc~ss failed to completely disinfect the seed of the gun::iy stem funguso 2. Early fungi0idal spra ys-In thre e greenhouse tests fungicidal sprays on newly emergod seedlings f r om comme r cial seed pr evented natural i :u'ectio:i of the cotyledons by gumny st em. B .. Fuse.rium \·Jj lt Wilt in 1960 was slight. Resul t s of 1959 tests sho· ,rnd fusa.rit:!!l wil t developing in each var::.ety ~s f ollows : Flodda Giant (?? ~t), G01·ris o.1ion (59%), Blackst one (17%), Congo (15%) a."ld others less than l • ~ eac:1 .


Markowitz mean-variance portfolios with sample mean and covariance as input parameters feature numerous issues in practice. They perform poorly out of sample due to estimation error, they experience extreme weights together with high sensitivity to change in input parameters. The heavy-tail characteristics of financial time series are in fact the cause for these erratic fluctuations of weights that consequently create substantial transaction costs. In robustifying the weights we present a toolbox for stabilizing costs and weights for global minimum Markowitz portfolios. Utilizing a projected gradient descent (PGD) technique, we avoid the estimation and inversion of the covariance operator as a whole and concentrate on robust estimation of the gradient descent increment. Using modern tools of robust statistics we construct a computationally efficient estimator with almost Gaussian properties based on median-of-means uniformly over weights. This robustified Markowitz approach is confirmed by empirical studies on equity markets. We demonstrate that robustified portfolios reach the lowest turnover compared to shrinkage-based and constrained portfolios while preserving or slightly improving out-of-sample performance.


Bioactive peptide from fish skin collagen was produced using collagenase from Bacillus licheniformis F11.4 of Indonesia origin. Bioactive peptide from skin fish collagen using collagenase from Bacillus licheniformis F11.4. Ammonium sulphate precipitated enzyme were applied on 0.54 g/ml collagen. The peptides were evaluated for Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor and anti-cancer activity. Collagen peptides exhibited the highest activity of Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor at 60 min at 0.032 Unit/ml and 0.016 U/ml of enzyme activity. Collagen peptides exhibited the highest activity at 60 min towards HeLa cells, and the highest activity at 30 min towards HCT-166 cells. Therefore, collagenase from Bacillus licheniformis F11.4 could be used to produce the collagen peptides possessing Angiotensin I-converting Enzyme Inhibitor and anti-cancer activity.


The nuclear magnetic resonance technique of preferential solvation analysis developed by Frankel, Stengle, and Langford is applied to determination of the composition of the solvation shell about trans-[Cr(NH3)2(NCS)4]− in acetone–water mixtures. The composition of the solvation shell is correlated with the rate of acid hydrolysis of the chromium complex. It emerges that the solvolysis reaction is second order with respect to the solvolytically reactive solvent, water. The mechanistic implications of the rate law are considered as is the significance of analysis of preferential solvation for the determination of kinetic order of solvolytic reactions.


WeconstructalargeNmatrixmatrixmodeldescribingtwo-dimensionalEuclideanstringtheory compactied on a circle of radiusRand perturbed by an operator creating winding modes (vortices) on the worldsheet. ThematrixmodelisexactlysolvableandposessesanintegrablestructureoftheinniteTodachain hierarchy. Wegiveexplicitexpressionsforitsfreeenergyinthesphere-andtorusapproximation. Aconjecture by V. Fateev, A. and Al. Zamolodchikov about the equivalence of the sine-Liouville and SL(2;R)=U(1) conformaleldtheories implies thatfor particular valuesoftheparameters (vanishingcosmological constant andcompactication radiusR= 3 RKT)the matrix model can be used to study two-dimensional string theory in the Euclidean black hole background to all orders in string perturbation theory.


The series developed in a previous paper representing the distribution for the multiple scattering of electrons has been evaluated numerically for a large number of cases; the results are given in Table I. An approximate expression is found for the value of $sin \ensuremath{\theta}$ averaged over the distribution per unit solid angle, $f(\ensuremath{\theta})$. This expression, which agrees within a few percent with the exact computation, is $w{〈sin \ensuremath{\theta}〉}_{\mathrm{Av}}\ensuremath{\sim}1.76{A}^{\frac{1}{2}}{(5.60\ensuremath{-}\frac{1}{3} log Z+\frac{1}{2} log A)}^{\frac{1}{2}},$ in which $w$ is the energy in units $m{c}^{2}$ and $A=24.8\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}26}{Z}^{2}\mathrm{Nt}$. For the scattering intensity per unit solid angle at 0\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}, that is $f(0)$, an approximate relation is $\frac{4\ensuremath{\pi}f(0)}{{w}^{2}}\ensuremath{\sim}\frac{0.43}{A(5.60\ensuremath{-}\frac{1}{3} log Z+\frac{1}{2} log A)}.$ The accurate calculations show also that $\frac{f(\ensuremath{\theta})}{{w}^{2}}$ is almost independent of the energy. A series formula is derived for the projected scattering distribution as observed in a cloud chamber. The averages of $w sin \ensuremath{\alpha}$, $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ being the projected angle, are given in Table VI. These averages are smaller than the values computed by Williams and show a variation with energy. It is believed that the largest inaccuracy remaining in the results given is due to uncertainties in the single scattering law.


Energy efficiency is a key factor to improve WSNs' performance, and hierarchical routing algorithms are fitter in large scale networks and have more reliability, so they are mostly used to improve the nodes' energy efficiency now. In this paper, mainly existing hierarchical routing algorithms are introduced, and based on these researches, a new energy efficient hierarchical routing algorithm designed based on energy aware semi-static clustering method is proposed. In this algorithm named EASCA, the nodes' residual energy and cost of communication would both be considered when clustering. And a special packet head is defined to update nodes' energy information when transmitting message; to rotate cluster head automatically, a member management scheme is designed to complete this function; and a re-cluster mechanism is used to dynamic adjust the clusters to make sensor nodes organization more reasonable. At last, EASCA is compared with other typical hierarchical routing algorithms in a series of experiments, and the experiments' result proves that EASCA has obviously improved WSNs' energy efficiency.


Freezing and thawing affects the quality of meat. The present paper focuses on using near-infrared (NIR) diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to detect whether beef has been frozen and thawed. Intact beef and drip or centrifuged meat juice of M longissimus dorsi slices from 40 cattle were used as samples. The meat juices were analysed using dry extract spectroscopy by infrared reflection (DESIR). From centrifuged juice 80 samples were classified 100% correctly, using crossvalidation, into frozen or unfrozen beef by the K nearest neighbours method. This was obtained by high-order principal components from 400–2500 nm spectra. Other multivariate techniques, smaller wavelength ranges and detecting refrozen, thawed beef also gave results between 90 and 100%. Analyses of drip loss, exudative properties, water-holding capacity and dry matter of meat juice supported the interpretation of the NIR measurements. The results showed that NIR might be used as a screening method to differentiate unfrozen and frozen beef. © 1997 SCI.


In the present paper, the author briefly introduced this therapy of finger-pres-sure on foot points from 1 ) distribution of foot points and manipulations of finger-pressure; 2) fivecharacters of this therapy; 3) the scope for application; and 4) possible mechanisms


In this article, the problem of minimizing energy and time consumption for task computation and transmission in mobile-edge computing-enabled balloon networks is investigated. In the considered network, high-altitude balloons (HABs), acting as flying wireless base stations, can use their powerful computational capabilities to process the computational tasks offloaded from their associated users. Since the data size of each user's computational task varies over time, the HABs must dynamically adjust their resource allocation schemes to meet the users' needs. This problem is posed as an optimization problem, whose goal is to minimize the energy and time consumption for task computation and transmission by adjusting the user association, service sequence, and task allocation schemes. To solve this problem, a support vector machine (SVM)-based federated learning (FL) algorithm is proposed to determine the user association proactively. The proposed SVM-based FL method enables HABs to cooperatively build an SVM model that can determine all user associations without any transmissions of either user historical associations or computational tasks to other HABs. Given the predictions of the optimal user association, the service sequence and task allocation of each user can be optimized so as to minimize the weighted sum of the energy and time consumption. Simulations with real-city cellular traffic data show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the weighted sum of the energy and time consumption of all users by up to 15.4% compared to a conventional centralized method.


This study evaluates the fidelity of Arctic and Antarctic oscillations(AO and AAO for short,respectively) in the coupled general circulation models participating in the Fourth Assessment Report of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC AR4).The AO and AAO during 1970-1999 in 24 models are analyzed and compared with that in ERA-40 and NCEP-1.Models' performance is seasonally dependent,with best reproducibility of both spatial structure and trend in winter.In most models,the spatial pattern and temporal trend of AAO during this period are more delicately simulated than AO.After picking out models with better performance according to the Taylor diagram,we find that their ensemble mean can obviously improve models' reproducibility.The AO and AAO in the Special Report on Emission Scenarios(SRES) A1B Projection during the 21st century are also briefly analyzed.The results reveal that both the AO and AAO indices keep increasing during 1970-2099,with a steadier pace of AO than AAO.The spatial difference of sea level pressure between 2060-2089 and 1970-1999 shows decreased values in polar regions,and increased values in midlatitudes.The results manifest that the ozone recovery during the mid 21st century may not weaken such a trend.


also examined by real-time PCR. The isoforms expressed in the stud-ied cases were confirmed by sequencing. Results: In all samples, OCT4B1 isoform was expressed. OCT4B1 expression levels were higher in blood samples from CD and UC. More specifically, in blood samples OCT4B1 was expressed 6.87 ± 1.94-fold greater in CD and 3.37 ± 0.53-fold greater in UC compared with healthy controls. Similar Results were obtained in tissues samples, also. On the other hand, the mRNA levels of SOX2 were found slightly increased compared to healthy controls, in both blood and tissue samples of CD patients only. Conclusions: Our Results are in agreement with previous studies, showing that OCT4 is expressed in peripheral blood in patients with CD. Developmentally early cells, such as hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs), are mobilized into peripheral blood in response to tissue/ organ injury, suggesting a role of these cells in repair of damaged intestinal tract. Background: Recent studies indicated that the dynamic interplay between Th17 cells and FoxP3+ T regulatory cells is essential for gut homeostasis maintaining. Cytokines related to these T cells subsets are crucial mediators of tissue damage closely connected to the intestinal inflammation in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to investigate expression of IL-17A, TGF β 1, IL-6, IL-23, IL-10 and transcription factor FoxP3 in mucosal samples from IBD patients in order to specify the cytokine milieu in the inflamed tissue. Methods: We examined mRNA relative quantities of these param-eters in inflamed and adjacent normal colonic mucosa samples derived from 37 IBD patients (23 with ulcerative colitis - UC and 14 with Crohn`s disease - CD) and in normal mucosa from 12 non-IBD persons by performing qRT-PCR assay. We further investigated IL-17A, TGF β 1, IL-6, IL-10 serum and tissue protein levels by enzyme immunoassay. Results: Our Results showed that gene expression of FoxP3 and IL-6 were significantly higher in inflamed mucosal tissue of the IBD patients than in the adjacent normal mucosa (p=0.035, p=0.03 respectively), borderline significance for IL-10 (p=0.05), and no significance for IL-17A, IL-23 and TGFbeta. Overall all investigated genes are upregulated according to RQ value in inflamed mucosa in the following order: IL-6>FoxP3>TGFbeta>IL-23>IL-17A>IL-10. We also observed significant differences between higher gene expression of FoxP3 and IL-6 in inflamed tissue in UC (p=0.011, p=0.000 respectively) and CD (p=0.008, p=0.000 respectively) compared to normal mucosa of non-IBD persons and increased TGFbeta in CD patients alone (p=0.041). Moreover IL-6 and TGFbeta were over-expressed (RQ>10) in non-inflamed mucosa from IBD patients of cytokines in


In this welcome addition to the Theologischer Kommentar series, Peter von der OstenSacken offers a commentary on the letter that is scholarly, detailed and theologically reflective. An engaging 37-page introduction begins from Paul's experience and runs through a range of situational and hermeneutical issues. The letter is then divided into 20 sections, grouped in various ways. For each section, a translation is offered, then a brief overview followed by detailed comment which is broadly verse-by-verse but organized a bit more flexibly than that. Many sections then include 'going deeper' studies on theological or historical topics such as 'On Jewish understanding of Judaism' and 'Time and Law'. Theological reflection finds considerable further space in a 30-page section after the end of the main commentary. Beginning from the theme of inheritance, this takes the commentary's exegetical reflections and builds on them towards a theology for today. There are indexes of topics and ancient sources. Readers whose experience of German commentaries has been of them as dense and very reference-heavy will find this quite different. Its accessible and engaged consideration of the letter make it a pleasure to read. Peter von der Osten-Sacken's study of the letter will be a very valuable resource for consideration of both the letter itself and its theological implications.


.................................................................................................................................. ix CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION ............................................................................... 1 Thesis Organization .................................................................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 2. DETECTION OF CHEMICAL NUTRIENTS IN WATER USING A FLUIDIC MICROPLASMA CHIP WITH ENHANCED OPTICAL COLLECTION EFFICIENCY........... 2 Abstract ....................................................................................................................................... 2 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 2 Principle of the glowing microdischarge signal ......................................................................... 8 Device description and fabrication process ................................................................................ 9 Device description .................................................................................................................. 9 Device Fabrication .................................................................................................................. 9 Result and discussion ................................................................................................................ 10 Conclusion and future work ...................................................................................................... 13 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................................... 14 References ................................................................................................................................. 14 APPENDIX A. STUDIES OF CELL BEHAVIORS IN 3D MICROTISSUES IN A MICROFLUIDIC DEVICE: GROWTH AND MIGRATION ..................................................... 16 Abstract ..................................................................................................................................... 16 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 16 Description of the microfluidic device ..................................................................................... 17 Device fabrication and experimental procedure ....................................................................... 19 Device fabrication ................................................................................................................. 19 3D microtissues fabrication procedure ................................................................................. 19 Materials and methods .......................................................................................................... 19 Results and discussion .............................................................................................................. 22 Droplet capture ...................................................................................................................... 22 Droplet environment ............................................................................................................. 23 Results of the first-generation device ................................................................................... 26 Cell spreading in 3D microtissue (the second-generation device) ........................................ 27 Cell division in 3D microtissue ............................................................................................. 28 Cell migration trajectory and speed in 3D microtissue ......................................................... 29 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................... 32 References ................................................................................................................................. 33


Let (X, f) be a dynamical system. In general the set of all ω-limit sets of f is not closed in the hyperspace of closed subsets of X. In this paper we study the case when X is a graph, and show that the family of ω-limit sets of a graph map is closed with respect to the Hausdorff metric.


List of illustrations.- List of tables.- Foreword.- Author's Preface.- Acknowledgements.- Apollo Applications.- The world's first space station.- Skylab.- NASA makes plans.- Success with Salyut.- Reagan's go-ahead.- Salyut 7's jinx.- Space Station Freedom.- Mir.- An International Space Station.- Shuttle-Mir.- Building hardware.- Orbital assembley.- Postscript.- Acronyms.- Appendix 1 Launch Vehicles.- Appendix 2 ISS hardware.- Index.


The fate of the volatile organic compound, 1,4-dichlorobenzene (DCB) was examined in a bench-scale activated sludge system. A shift in removal mechanism, from stripping to biodegradation, was observed at different stages of acclimation. The response of an unacclimated sludge to DCB perturbations showed a preferential loss of DCB by stripping. Radiolabeled DCB tracer studies with an acclimated sludge demonstrated 10 to 20% mineralization of DCB, 25 to 30% loss by stripping, and the remaining DCB transformed to intermediate metabolites that were found in the mixed liquor and effluent


Relied on their own ability and wisdom,the ancient Chinese people invented various thermo chemical treatment techniques and processes,including carburizing,nitriding and carbonitriding techniques,which greatly improved Chinese ancient metallurgical production.According to historical literatures and archaeological achievements,thermo chemical treatment techniques for metal in ancient China were comprehensively analyzed,and some views and explain were given as well.


The compound [Mn(C6H18N4)](2)SnS4center dot 4H(2)O (C6H18N4 = triethylenetetramine) was obtained under solvothermal conditions. In the structure of the [Mn(C6H18N4)](2)SnS4(infinity), chain, two S atoms of the [SnS4](4)(-) anion act. in a hitherto never observed mu(3) bridging mode that connects the Mn2S2N8 di-octahedra. The Mn2+ ions are octahedrally coordinated by four N and two S atoms, and two symmetry-related octahedra share a common S-S edge. Three of the H2O molecules are joined into chains through H-bonding interactions. ((C) Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)


This note describes a computational procedure for solving mathematical programs with nonlinear programs in the constraints; it uses the SUMT computer program for the overall mathematical program, and a new program called INSUMT for the nonlinear programs in the constraints. IN AN EARLIER paper,R1] we formulated a class of mathematical programs with optimization problems in the constraints, presented theory dealing with properties of the relevant functions that result in convex programming problems and discussed interpretations. It gives an example with linear programs in the constraints.


The reasons for the bankruptcy of American Growers Insurance Company was huge claims caused by widespread drought in 2002,internal business decision-making mistakes,and the lag of risk management agency's decisions. All problems also exist in the management and supervision of agricultural insurance company in China. Therefore we should learn from these problems and perfect the supervision of agricultural insurance companies in China in order to rapid develop agricultural insurance.


Thrombosis is the main cause of various cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary artery disease, cerebral infarction and transient ischemic attack, and pulmonary embolism. The thrombus results from an imbalance between the endogenous fibrinolytic system and the clotting mechanism, although platelets also play a critical role. Various therapeutic modalities have been developed for the treatment of thrombosis, particularly for coronary artery thrombosis. These include plasminogen activators of the first, second, and third generation, selective thrombin inhibitors, such as hirudin and argatroban, and platelet inhibitors, such as an antibody or peptide against platelet receptor glycoprotein llb/Illa.


The main result of research on geogas on a gold deposit in China is reported in this letter for the first time. The research work was carried out on the geological exploratory section lines of Gangou ore block of Liaojie gold ore deposit in Yunnan Province. This is a new type of gold deposit related with specularites, and its mineralization is controlled by torsional


In this paper, an antenna with
reconfigurable band notches, for cognitive radio applications, is proposed. The
antenna can be operated as ultra wideband, and is reconfigurable in terms of
the ability to select a notched band in the SRR resonant frequency. The reconfigurable
band notches are induced using a band-stop filter based on split-ring
resonators (SRRs), and are controlled using electronic switches mounted over
the SRRs. For this sake, the design of the band-stop filter is proposed. A
prototype of filter is fabricated and measured. The incorporation of a band-stop
filter, into a wideband antenna, is then looked into. The proposed antenna is
designed and simulated using Ansoft HFSS. A prototype of the antenna is
fabricated and measured. A good analogy between simulated and measured results
is obtained.


BACKGROUND
The recent mpox outbreak has disproportionately affected people with HIV (PWH) and resulted in the first widespread use of the novel antiviral tecovirimat. Whether treatment outcomes differ between PWH and those without HIV is unknown.

OBJECTIVE
To compare the clinical presentation and treatment outcomes of PWH and HIV-negative persons with mpox virus (MPXV) infection treated with tecovirimat.

DESIGN
Retrospective cohort study of patients treated with tecovirimat for confirmed MPXV infection from June to August 2022.

SETTING
Two academic medical centers in New York City.

PARTICIPANTS
The study included 196 persons treated with tecovirimat from 20 June to 29 August 2022. Of 154 testing positive for MPXV, 72 were PWH and 4 had a CD4 count lower than 0.20 × 109 cells/L.

MEASUREMENTS
Patient demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, treatment outcomes, and safety data for tecovirimat.

RESULTS
Indications for tecovirimat treatment were similar between the PWH and HIV-negative groups. Four participants had serious adverse events; none were attributed to tecovirimat. Three of these 4 participants had HIV infection, and 2 had CD4 counts less than 0.20 × 109 cells/L. Twenty-two percent of participants had nonsevere adverse effects. Groups had similar rates of hospitalization, indications for treatment, and co-occurring infections, but PWH had fewer days from symptom onset to treatment (7.5 vs. 10). There was no difference in treatment outcomes, including days to improvement or rate of persistent symptoms.

LIMITATION
Patients with mpox who were not treated with tecovirimat were not followed routinely and therefore lacked comparable outcome data, limiting evaluation of efficacy.

CONCLUSION
In our cohort of patients treated with tecovirimat for severe mpox, HIV status did not seem to affect treatment outcomes.

PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE
National Institutes of Health.


In this review we discuss the role of genetic and infectious factors in the aetiology of 'reactive' arthritis. Two broad categories of reactive arthritis are considered—the sero-negative HLA B27 related spondarthritides, and a miscellaneous group of reactive arthritides occuring after bacterial infection but which are not HLA B27 related.


ABSTRACT This study captures the momentum of Somaliland's national reconciliation nationstate-rebuilding phase as it drives a reconstruction process involving the demobilisation of militias; internal state institutional reconstruction focusing on the House of Elders and the House of Representatives; the international dimensions of reconstruction involving humanitarian aid and developmental assistance; private reconstruction initiatives interacting with the development of a monetary exchange process and the participation of the Somaliland diaspora; and the role of women as the backbone of the Somaliland economy, and how all of these social components of nation-state building are framed constitutionally in the crafting of a multi-party democracy with northern Somali characteristics. However, the broader context in which these reconstructive dynamics unfold is conditioned by the emergence of militant expressions of political Islam within and outside the Somali coast in and around the Red Sea 'Afrabian' transregion and the Persian Gulf.


In Reply. —Dr Mariani suggests that levels of pain and distress recorded in physicians' and nurses' notes might explain the disparity in analgesic administration between Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites. While we agree that this is an important question, such data tend to be inconsistently and imprecisely recorded in the medical record and thus could not be measured with any accuracy. We recently completed a study of the effect of ethnicity on the ability of physicians to assess pain accurately, and we plan to report these findings in the near future. Dr Morfesis questions whether alcohol intoxication, severity of injury, or socioeconomic status might confound our results. As noted in our discussion, records mentioning alcohol or other drug use were excluded, and time of day, occupational injury, and mechanism were controlled as potential proxies for alcohol or other drug use, with no change in our results. In addition, Hispanics tended to