A novel vertical nano-porous structure is reported as a starting point for the fabrication of a fully-surround gate field effect transistor (FET) based on well-ordered nanostructures array. The proposed porous stacking is perfectly suited both for the collective organization of nanostructures like nanowires (NWs) or nanotubes (NTs), as high density (up to 10 11 .cm -2 ) arrays with calibrated diameters (during growth), as well as for easing the Source, Gate, and Drain electrodes connections for individual or groups of nanostructures. Moreover the unique fully-surround gate architecture enables a quasi-ideal coupling between the gate and the channel, theoretically leading to improved devices performance and reducing the global power consumption. In this paper we describe the main steps for this versatile and lithography-free technique to fabricate a multi-layer porous template down to the nanometer scale, as well as the first nanostructures (carbon NTs) growth attempts inside such functional template. We highlight the fact that the proposed porous structure acts as a passive template for the growth as well as an active component for the future device. The proposed approach is in line with bottom-up fabrication approach to provide smaller devices, and is fully-compatible with classical processes used in the silicon industry.


Clustering and tessellations are basic tools in data mining. The k-means and EM algorithms are two of the most important algorithms in the Mixture Model-based clustering and tessellations. In this paper, we introduce a new clustering strategy which shares common features with both the EM and k-means algorithms. Our methods also lead to more general tessellations of a spatial region with respect to a continuous and possibly anisotropic density distribution. Moreover, we propose some probabilistic methods for the construction of these clusterings and tessellations corresponding to a continuous density distribution. Some numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of our new approach. In addition, we also discuss the parallel implementation and performance of our algorithms on some distributed memory systems.


The object of this investigation was to develop an experimentally verified hydrodynamic model to predict solids circulation around a jet in a fluidized bed gasifier. Hydrodynamic models of fluidization use the principles of conservation of mass, momentum and energy. To account for unequal velocities of solid and fluid phases, separate phase momentum balances are developed. Other fluid bed models used in the scale-up of gasifiers do not employ the principles of conservation of momentum. Therefore, these models cannot predict fluid and particle motion. In such models solids mixing is described by means of empirical transfer coefficients. A two dimensional unsteady state computer code was developed to give gas and solid velocities, void fractions and pressure in a fluid bed with a jet. The growth, propagation and collapse of bubbles was calculated. Time-averaged void fractions were calculated that showed an agreement with void fractions measured with a gamma ray densitometer. Calculated gas and solid velocities in the jet appeared to be reasonable. Pressure and void oscillations also appear to be reasonable. A simple analytical formula for the rate of solids circulation was developed from the equations of change. It agrees with Westinghouse fluidization data in a bed with a draft tube.more » One dimensional hydrodynamic models were applied to modeling of entrained-flow coal gasification reactors and compared with data. Further development of the hydrodynamic models should make the scale-up and simulation of fluidized bed reactors a reality.« less


This paper is an exploration of the chronological development of a series of elaborate and architecturally distinctive chambered tombs on the Islands of Orkney. It begins with a short critique of the present views of the Orcadian Neolithic and highlights a failure to understand chronological developments as the most significant problem. Thus after a brief classification of the monuments there is a detailed discussion of the chronological evidence which consciously avoids typological assumptions. This is followed by an examination of the various uses the tombs were put to and involves an assessment of the location and architectural visibility of the monuments and the remains found in the chamber. When combined with the chronological evidence a series of changes in monument size, type, location and use can be hypothesized for the neolithic period. This culminates in a shift away from burial monuments to physically defined spaces, presumably used for ceremonial purposes. These changes can be interpreted as deliberate manipulation by groups within that society to change the ideological concepts which defined the role of the individual in relation to the other members of the society.


We examined the association of acculturation factors in Mexican Americans (MA) aged 60+ years with usual mean and inadequate folate intakes. We analyzed data in 1,695 non‐Hispanic white (NHW) and 466 MA adults aged 60+ years participating in NHANES 2003–2006. We estimated usual folate intakes accounting for within‐individual variation using data from two 24 hour diet recalls and average daily intake from supplements. Among MA, 45% spoke mostly Spanish and 42% were born in Mexico. Compared with NHW, MA who spoke mostly Spanish had lower mean usual folic acid intakes from fortified foods alone (103 μg vs.178 μg) and total folic acid (fortified foods + supplements) (189 μg vs. 413 μg), but not natural food folate (202 μg vs. 196 μg). Similar patterns were observed in MA who were born in Mexico. The proportion of NHW and MA adults aged 60+ years who consumed less than the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) for folate was 10% and 17%, respectively; in MA who spoke mostly Spanish, the proportion was 26% and in MA who were born in Mexico, 22%. Post‐fortification, inadequate folate intake may be a concern among US MA aged 60+ years who speak mostly Spanish or were born in Mexico. Research funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.


The basic principle of adaptive instantaneous current protection for distribution line is analyzed,based on which a protection and supervisory control device with adaptive instantaneous current protection function is developed for distribution lines. It mainly includes the CPU,transformer card,trip relay card,power card and human machine interface module. The CPU card integrates MCU,DSP,FPGA,SRAM and Flash RAM,as well as the data acquisition circuit,digital input/output circuit and communication interface circuit. Its software aggregates the functions of adaptive instantaneous current protection,traditional three-stage current protection,three-phase reclose,low frequency shedder,event alarm,SCADA and fault recorder. Test shows that,the developed device has reliable functions and flexible configuration,and its protective performance is automatically adjusted to an optimal state according to the system operating mode,fault type and load conditions.


In this paper, a hybrid-bridge based dual active bridge (DAB) DC/DC converter with a corresponding modulation strategy is proposed for medium voltage applications with a wide voltage conversion gain. The proposed converter is composed of a three-level (TL) full-bridge (FB) with active neutral-point clamping and a two-level FB for interfacing between the medium voltage with low voltage. Compared with the two-level DAB DC/DC converter, the proposed converter has the following merits. 1) The voltage stress on power switches is lower due to the TL structure, which is thus more suitable for medium voltage applications. 2) The wider voltage conversion gain can be achieved thanks to the proposed corresponding modulation strategy with multiple working patterns. Besides, the proposed converter can achieve the zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) for both primary-side and secondary-side power switches. The operation principle, characteristics, and performances of the proposed converter are analyzed in detail. Finally, the simulation results are provided to verify the proposed converter.


Natural extreme events have been occurring more frequently with growing impacts in well-being, mainly in emerging economies. Therefore, the need for more accurate information for managing such impacts has grown. In response to this issue, financial literature has been focusing on the assessment of economic impacts that arise from extreme weather changes. However, these efforts have imparted little attention to the economic impact analysis at the corporate level. To reduce this gap, this article analyzes the impact of extreme rainfall events on the food industry in an emerging economy that is a prominent player in this sector, Brazil. For this purpose, we use the ARGARCH-GPD hybrid methodology to identify whether extreme rainfalls affect stock prices of food companies. The results indicate that these events have a strong impact on the stock returns: In more than half of the days immediately after extreme rain events that occurred between 2.28.2005 and 12.30.2014, returns were significantly low, causing average daily losses of 1.97%. These results point to the need for more accurate financial management to hedge against weather risk


Software development for mobile platforms demands adapting and sometimes replacing current or traditional technologies and methodologies. The use of Agile Methods seems to be one of the handiest choices. Thus Prosoft has detected an area of opportunity and is now encouraging software development through various mechanisms, such as the creation of regional clusters focused on information technologies. This article presents an analysis towards identification of best practices in software development oriented to mobile platforms (APPs), which allow Mexican software factories to compete at national and international markets. This research is bound to Mexico's Midwest region defined by CANIETI and is directed to the generation of APPs. Several surveys were conducted, generating revealing results which are presented in depth.


There are many different factors affecting overland flow,such as climate,geology and vegetation,among which vegetation type is a key factor.In this study,four different vegetation types in Jinyun Mountain,Chongqing City,were investigated using the grey rational degree.The analyses of precipitation and vegetation effects on overland flow indicate the highest rational degree of precipitation with surface runoff.The parameters contribute to overland flow in the descending order of canopy density,standing forest height,litter thickness,slope degree,coverage and soil thickness.The rational degrees of different vegetation types descend in the order of mixed wood,broadleaved forestry,bamboo forestry and cropland.


With the rapid growth of the Internet and the development of digital multimedia technologies, illegal copying, tampering, modifying and copyright protection have become very important issues. Hence, there is strong need of developing the techniques to face all these problems [1, 7]. Digital watermarking emerged as a solution for protecting the multimedia data. In this paper, we propose a method of nonblind transform domain watermarking based on DWT-DCTSVD. The DCT coefficients of the DWT coefficients are used to embed the watermarking information.The parameters used to test the robustness of the proposed algorithm are the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Weighted Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (WPSNR) and correlation coefficient (ρ).Also, Robustness of proposed algorithm is tested for various attacks including salt and pepper noise and Gaussian noise, salt & pepper, sharpened and contrast adjustment. The experimental results show that the proposed method is more robust against different kinds of attacks and the watermarked image has good transparency.


Crystals of the title compound are monoclinic, a= 6.92(2), b= 16.19(5), c= 26.69(8)A, β= 95.3(1)°, space group P21/c. A three dimensional X-ray analysis of the structure was made with counter data (1 303 independent reflections). The structure was solved by conventional Patterson and Fourier methods and refined by block-diagonal least squares to R 0.088. The [Co(N4)Cl] co-ordination polyhedron is square pyramidal (Co–N 1.84–1.92 A); the cobalt atom lies 0.19 A out of the N4 plane in the direction of the axial chlorine atom; there is an unusually long Co–Cl bond [2.507(2)A]. The quadridentate ligand has a stepped conformation with the phenylene moieties approximately parallel and inclined at 173.9 and 172.6° to the N4 plane; the central chelate ring has a symmetrical gauche conformation.


A case of aneurysm of the vein of Galen is reported with a review of the literature and special emphasis is made of the radiological findings.


Background Corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) is the only treatment currently available to arrest the progression of keratoconus. The procedure consists of photopolymerization of stromal collagen fibers induced by combined action of a photosensitizing substance (riboflavin or vitamin B2) and ultraviolet-A light. Purpose To determine changes in the ocular higher-order aberrations (HOAs) after CXL and its correlation with changes in visual acuity. Design Prospective interventional study. Subjects and methods This study was conducted on 30 eyes of 16 patients with progressive keratoconus documented between 2012 and 2014. Patients were treated with epithelium-off CXL and followed for a minimum of 6 months. The following ocular HOAs were measured and analyzed using I-Tracey Aberrometer: coma, trefoil, spherical aberration, astigmatism, and total HOAs. Results There was statistically significant improvement in uncorrected visual acuity and best-corrected visual acuity between the preoperative and 6-month evaluations (P<0.001). Total HOAs and total coma were statistically significantly reduced at 6 months by 25% and 18%, respectively. Significant improvement was seen in spherical aberration by 8.71% (P<0.001), while no significant change was observed in trefoil and high order astigmatism (P=0.405 and 0.329, respectively). There was a statistically significant change in the average (K) value at the apex between the preoperative values and the 6-month values (P<0.05). Conclusion Total HOAs, total coma, and spherical aberrations decreased after CXL. Coma has a direct relationship with the improvement of visual function.


Since the research on functionally graded materials (FGMs) started in Japan ten years ago, the research on FGMs has been widely put forward to the world. In recent years, much remarkable progress have been made in Japan and other countries. As a new step of application research on FGMs in Japan, results of effective relation on thermal stress in FGMs are taking over into a national project research on energy conversion materials by means of functionally graded structures, we are ultimately aiming at improvement of thermoelectric conversion efficiency. This research project is also expected to solve the global environment problem and contribute to utilizable energy resources. This paper introduce some results and progress in the project research of energy conversion materials and its utilities those can be realized near future.


A common oak ( Quercus robur L.) named "Bear-Oak" in South Westphalia, aged about 650, taller than 30 m and with a diameter of over 1.6 m is under preservation order. This tree was seriously ill in summer 1990. Visible causes were a lightning strike and infection with fungal saprophytes. The most obvious symptom was that rotten strong branches broke off from the crown. The original intention of the natural protection agency in charge was to exempt the tree from the preservation order and to let it "die honourably." However, revitalization measures such as revitalization of the crown, restoration of lightning wounds, mycorrhization, and fertilization of specifi c sites were performed in September 1993 on the suggestion of the Research Institute for Mushroom Cultivation of the Rhineland Chamber of Agriculture in Krefeld. The outcome of these measures was recorded and monitored in the following years by scheduled recording of vitality parameters (extent of mycorrhization, density of foliage, periodic volume increase) to fi nd out whether the overall health of the oak had improved. Although the development of these parameters at the time of the report demonstrates variation in the productivity/vitality of the tree, it also shows that the functional capacity of the oak has recovered to a normal level. The vitalization measures can be assessed as successful, and intermediate to long-term survival of the tree appears to be established.


In this graduation project, water-soluble copolymers containing the quinoline-pyridine group (Qpy group) were synthesized, in order to investigate their optical response to the pH of the aqueous evironment.
Specifically, the vinylic monomer of quinoline-pyridine (MpyQ) was copolymerized with the anionic monomer 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPSA) through free radical copolymerization. Thus, two copolymers P(AMPSA-co-MpyQ) were prepared with a molar feed composition 10% and 0.2% (mol / mol) in MpyQ units.The chemical composition of the copolymers was determined through nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of hydrogen (1H NMR).
Τhe optical properties of aqueous solutions of the copolymers were studied. as a function of polymer concentration and pH (molecular absorption spectrophotometry in the ultraviolet/visible region, UV/Vis, and emisison spectrophotometry). Through the characterization of the copolymers, it was found that their pH-responsive emission depends on MpyQ content, polymer concentration and excitation wavelength. However, using adequate reduced parameters we observe a pH-sensitive optical response, basically independent of the aforementioned parameters. This behavior indicates that such polymeric materials are promising candidates for applications as pH-responsive luminescent sensors.


DEGLUTITION is a reflex coordination readily accessible and conveniently exact, yet far surpassing the integrative qualities of simpler reflex action. In a manner yet unknown, motoneurons scattered from C3 to the mesencephalon are reproducibly controlled in an intricate pattern of excitation and inhibition specific to this synergy. This paper presents an electromyographic definition of this performance and in so doing more closely specifies the necessary characteristics of its coordinative mechanism.


Laser forming is a metal forming process by thermal stresses under laser irradiation without an external force exerted to material. The process has a high possibility as a rapid proto-typing, because the process does not need any die or punch in a metal forming process. Three dimensional thermal elastic-plastic analysis on a stainless steel plate during laser scans was done by the finite element method. The temperature, stress and plastic strain distributions in a plate were obtained analytically as well as the deformation of a plate. The simulated bending angle of the plate was compared with experimental results. It is clarified that the bending of a metal plate is produced by compressive stresses due to a local expansion on a laser-irradiated area.


There is little doubt that there will be significant changes to future residential electric loads and these changes will have a significant impact on the efficiency with which a utility meets its overall load demand. Changes to the residential load will come about, in part, due to residential growth and increased market penetration of alternate energy sources such as solar space heating. In view of these inevitable changes, it is imperative to develop analytical tools to assess their impact. To date, effective analytical tools include computer simulations and load duration analysis. Computer simulation methods are generally very powerful but require substantial computer, personnel, and financial resources which may put this method of analysis out of the reach of many utilities and systems analysts. In addition, detailed computer simulations have a tendency to obscure insight into the problem. Load duration analysis does provide good insight into the problem, but oftentimes must resort to simulation results if correlations exist between utility load curves and the modified residential curve. One analytical method which has not been exploited to its fullest potential is the use of linear systems analysis to solve this type of problem.


In many areas worldwide, electricity is mainly produced using fuelled generators or as a supplementary power source. The energy efficiency of those units is typically below 30% excluding production and distribution costs. Replacing the fossil fuels used in electricity production with biofuels will allow for lower carbon print, although the amount of biomass available may not be sufficient in arid areas such as the Canadian arctic. It is therefore necessary to reduce the consumption of the propellant by the unit. Fuel cells, which reach an efficiency of 65%, reduce the amount of fuel required by half. Fuel cells do not use liquid fuels directly, but rather a reformer is included to the device to reform the biofuel into syngas or hydrogen-rich syngas. The challenge with reforming complex molecules into syngas lies with carbon deposition. For example, Chen et al. tested the La1-xKxMnO3 catalyst, while Xing et al. performed catalysis of Co, Ni and Rh over MgAl2O4 for steam reforming of pyrolytic oil from vegetal and both observed carbon deposition.


Guidelines are a method of translating the best available evidence into clinical, communicable, organizational, and policy making statements in the hope of improving health‐care and/or policies. Unlike protocols, guidelines are meant to aid the clinician in decision making. Do we need country‐specific guidelines? Yes, we do, given the fact that the model of health‐care delivery system and the prevailing environment of one country may not be extrapolated to that of another.


Systematization and extension ore evaluation of bismuth ore mineralization of republic Altay lead at first. Bismuth ore mineralization spread in much deposits but minable value it has in composition complex geology-minable types: copper-molibden-porphyres, quartz-greisen molibden-beryllium, skarn-scheelites and multiformation rare-earth-elements-tungsten arsenite-nicel-cobalts, silver-sulfosalts. Bismuth ore mineralization presented by bismuthinite and free bismuth in all accidents in near paragenesis with chalcopyrite. Value of assay value and extension ore of different categories lead. The technologic tests of samples lead on deposit Karakul.


This paper discusses the move made by nurses practicing on a surgical ward to use the Burford NDU Model: Caring in Practice and the impact that "IT" has made on the way that some of the nurses care for the patients. The paper is constructed around two stories unfolded by Mary and Sharon that were shared within a guided reflection group facilitated by Janet, their ward manager and senior nurse. It highlights how guided reflection and the use of a reflective model of nursing can help change how nurses view caring and how they can become more aware that within each busy day caring can take place. The validity of nurses' feelings about their work and those they care for is acknowledged.


Abstract We discuss the wellposedness theory of the Cauchy problem for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation on compact Riemannian manifolds. New dispersive estimates on the linear Schrödinger group are used to get global existence in the energy space on arbitrary surfaces and three-dimensional manifolds, generalizing earlier results by Bourgain on tori. On the other hand, on specific manifolds such as spheres, new instability phenomena are displayed, leading to some kind of illposednesss in higher dimensions.


ABSTRACT Introduction In May 2022, the US Preventive Services Task Force published their recommendation against screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in asymptomatic adults. However, we argue the routine use of spirometry in both asymptomatic and symptomatic high-risk smokers has utility. Areas covered We provide published and unpublished observations from a secondary analyses of the American College of Radiology Imaging Network (ACRIN), arm of the National Lung Screening Trial, including 18,463 high-risk current or former smokers who underwent pre-bronchodilator spirometry at baseline. According to history alone, 20% reported a prior diagnosis of 'COPD,' although only 11% (about one half), actually had airflow limitation (Diagnosed COPD) and 9% had Global Initiative for Obstructive Pulmonary Disease GOLD 0 Pre-COPD. Of the remaining 80% of 'asymptomatic' screening participants, 23% had airflow limitation (Screen-detected COPD) and 13% had preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm). This means 45% of this high-risk cohort were reclassified by spirometry, and together with comorbid disease, identified subgroups where lung cancer screening efficacy could be optimized by between 2–6 fold. Expert opinion Our preliminary findings suggest lung cancer screening outcomes vary according to 'new' COPD-related spirometric-defined subgroups and that screening spirometry, together with comorbid disease, identifies those for whom lung cancer screening is mostly beneficial or potentially harmful.


Thomas A Ellis, Jeffrey Myers, Patrick Grant Airborne Sensor Facility UC Santa Cruz UARC NASA-Ames Research Center MS 244-15 Building 259, Moffet Field, CA 94035-1000 Abstract The Enhanced MODIS Airborne Simulator (eMAS) is an ARRA funded upgrade of the MODIS Airborne Simulator (MAS) at the NASA Ames Airborne Sensor Facility (ASF). It is divided into two efforts: one aims to replace the MAS thermal and mid-wave IR spectrometers (ports 3 and 4) with a cooled optics bench (eMAS-COB) housing cryogenic optics and stops; the second will implement hyperspectral Offner spectrometers (eMAS-HS), to complement the MAS solar reflected bands (ports 1 and 2). The goal of both updates to ASF's workhorse instrument is to provide continuity of historical capabilities provided by MAS on current and future high altitude platforms. Additionally, the enhancements are intended to increase stability of the instrument during high altitude flight conditions and decrease calibration uncertainty.


Explains the relation between group technology and manufacturing resources planning, and probes into the application of group technology in manufacturing resources planning system(especially in production activity planning and control).


We report a simple, fast, sensitive and label-free fluorescent assay for sensing heparin based on the electrostatic attraction between heparin and coralyne. Under optimal conditions, the sensor exhibits high sensitivity, and needs just 10 min to complete the detection process. Additionally, the proposed sensor is simple to operate and low cost with no chemical labeling or modification of DNA required. Finally, the constructed sensor can be applied in Tris–HCl buffers and also complicated human serum samples.


With the introduction of a variety of desktop search systems by popular search engines as well as the Mac OS operating system, it is now possible to conduct keyword search across many types of documents. However, this type of search only helps the users locate a very specific piece of information that they are looking for. Furthermore, it is possible to locate this information only if the document contains some keywords and the user remembers the appropriate keywords. There are many cases where this may not be true especially for searches involving multimedia documents. However, a personal computer contains a rich set of associations that link files together. We argue that these associations can be used easily to answer more complex queries. For example, most files will have temporal and spatial information. Hence, files created at the same time or place may have relationships to each other. Similarly, files in the same directory or people addressed in the same email may be related to each other in some way. Furthermore, we can define a structure called "activities" that makes use of these associations to help user accomplish more complicated information needs. Intuitively, we argue that a person uses a personal computer to store information relevant to various activities she or he is involved in. Files may be related to activities either directly or indirectly with some degree of relationship. In this paper, we define a simple model of an activity and show the types of queries that can be answered using the activity model. Our model assumes that activities can involve files that are related to each other in many different ways: a period of time that may contain disjoint intervals, different locations, a group of people that we interact with and various combination of these types of associations. Furthermore, files may be related to multiple activities independent of their participation in one activity. Finally, our model aims to find the best indicators of an activity for a specific user and computer based on the data provided by that user.


This content analysis of newspaper articles and online social media from English-speaking sources on the topic of 'fracking' interrogates the use of scientific legitimacy in claims-makings and how public understandings of science develop through these media. In both forms of media, science is invoked in one sense as rational and objective to either neutralize or support emotionally-charged accounts and fears of hydraulic fracturing dangers. In another sense, however, science is viewed as a bureaucratic tool used at the will of government and business interests and easily corrupted to support ideological or interest-based positions. Claims regarding science typically follow ideological positions rather than the reverse - the 'science' that supports fracking as safe is called into question by those skeptical of fracking, while the anti-fracking position is designated as 'anti-science' by those who favor fracking. These strategies as they play out in the media serve to spread uncertainty, heighten cynicism, and undermine public confidence in science. An understanding of science as incomplete and cumulative, however, lends itself to the precautionary principle.


The present invention provides as an M1 receptor positive allosteric modulators of formula (I) are useful for treating muscarinic M1 medium mediated diseases.


Reverse engineering (RE) has become a serious threat to the silicon industry. To overcome this threat, the ICs need to be made secure and non-obvious in order to find their functionality with their architecture. Real-time signal processing algorithms need to be faster and more reliable. Adding up additional circuits for increasing the security of the IC is not permittable due to increase in overhead of the IC. In this chapter, the authors introduce a few high-level transformations (HLT) that are used to make the circuit more reliable and secure against the reverse engineering without having overhead on the IC.


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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of retro walking on dynamic balance and mobility in patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: Total 50 subjects were taken and then they were randomly divided into 2 experimental groups: Group A (25 Females) and Group B (25 Males). The subjects were assessed and demographic data such as height, weight, were assessed and noted. Then the subjects in both the groups were assessed for STEP UP and TUG (time up & go test). . After 2 weeks training, again balance & mobility was tested again by step up & timed up & go test. Results: The results of the study reveal that Retro Walking is effective in improving dynamic balance and mobility. Conclusion: Retro Walking is effective in improving dynamic balance and mobility.


This paper contains the Monte Carlo simulations obtained for the conditions of a gas breakdown in argon with all possible agents that may induce secondary electron production including the contribution of the metastable atoms. The paper is focused on argon. Two metastable levels are included in the simulation following the work of Phelps and Petrovic (1999).


Tendency of vulgarization arises during the period of social transformation,which influences the public faith of media to a certain degree,and thus has negative influences on the development of media.Suggestions are put forward to combat tendency of vulgarization and improve public faith of media,such as enforcing media control by regulating media behavior,positioning media properly with focus on characteristics of media and strengthening(accomplishment) of audiences to improve their appreciation ability.


The inlet system of any internal combustion engine is an often overlooked component that can be designed to provide significant increases to engine operating power in terms of horsepower and torque. This project aims to optimize the design of the inlet system of a single cylinder turbocharged Formula Society of Automotive Engineers (FSAE) race engine in order to increase engine output power throughout the operational range. Optimization of the inlet system will be constricted to and designed around the FSAE 2016 rules which introduce an inlet configuration different to conventional turbocharged setups, as well as being designed around the engine and turbocharger selected by the Australian Defence Force Academy (ADFA) FSAE team. Through the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics models verified through in depth experimentation, an intake system design has been optimized and recommendations made to the ADFA FSAE team. This includes manufacture of a restrictor pipe with a flow increase of 19%, an in depth analysis of a heat exchanger as well as validation of a tuned runner length. These modifications are designed to increase the operating power of the 4 stroke KTM 500 engine. The final step in the project will be to validate the design through the use of an engine dynamometer which has been unavailable throughout the timeline.


This study uses the InterIMAGE system and imagery from the QuickBird II optical sensor for the land use classification at two testsites in the metropolis of São Paulo, Brazil. InterIMAGE is an open source and free access system for knowledge-based image classification. Within InterIMAGE human knowledge is represented as a semantic net and by user-defined rules that can emulate human reasoning based on the paradigms of the object-oriented image analysis. The two land use classifications were carried out considering the urban blocks of the test-sites as analysis units. After obtaining the land cover classifications of the two test-sites, customized features related to the composition, structure and geometrical properties of the land cover objects within these blocks were created. The description of the land use classes was done associating these customized features with membership functions and arranging these expressions in membership values aggregation structures. The proposed methodology has shown to be promising for automatic land use interpretation of complex urban areas such as that found in São Paulo. The land use classifications achieved Overall Accuracies above 70% in the two test-sites and Kappa Indexes of 0.69 and 0.53. This study has explored some of the main presently available potentialities of InterIMAGE for object-based and knowledge-based image classification. This application of InterIMAGE, as well as the system itself, is under development.


The invention provides a power switch which comprises a switch body and a metal lead foot, wherein the switch body is made of insulator materials, and the metal lead foot is disposed on the switch body and extends outwards. The power switch further comprises a protective part protruding from the switch body, and the protective part is made of insulator materials and is sleeved on the metal lead foot at the position near the switch body. The invention further provides a case with the power switch.


Objective: Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated as a key cellular event leading to organ dysfunction in sepsis. Our objective is to measure changes in mitochondrial bioenergetics in subjects with early presentation of sepsis to provide insight into the incompletely understood pathophysiology of the dysregulated host response in sepsis. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: Single site tertiary academic emergency department. Subjects: We enrolled a total of 48 subjects in the study, 10 with sepsis or septic shock, 10 with infection without sepsis, 14 older and 14 younger healthy controls. Interventions: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were measured with high-resolution respirometry (OROBOROS O2K). Measurements and Main Results: The median age in patients with sepsis, infection only, older control and younger controls were 63, 34, 61, and 29 years old, respectively. In the Sepsis group, the median 1st 24-h SOFA score was 8, and the initial median lactate was 4.2 mmol/dL, compared with 1.1 in the Infection Group. The 30-day mortality of the sepsis/septic shock group was 50%, with a median length of stay of 7-days. The Sepsis Group had significantly lower routine and Max respiration when compared with the other groups as well as uncoupled Complex I respiration. There was also a significant decrease in ATP-linked respiration along with the Spare Reserve Capacity in the Sepsis Group when compared with the other group. There were no age-related differences in respiration between the Older and Younger control group. Conclusions: Bedside measurement of mitochondrial respiration can be minimally invasive and performed in a timely manner. Mitochondrial dysfunction, detected by decreased oxygen consumption utilized for energy production and depleted cellular bioenergetics reserve.


Groundwater quality deterioration due to anthropogenic natural activities and its immense utilization in various sectors is considered a great concern. The aim of this study is to determine the groundwater quality parameters at various sources in and around Dhaka city and compare them with Bangladesh drinking water standards. In this study, six groundwater quality parameters (pH, DO, COD, TS, TDS, and arsenic) and ten groundwater samples are analyzed to determine the water quality. The collected samples have maximum and minimum pH values of 6.9 and 6.4, respectively. Maximum and minimum DO values are 0.3 and 0.1 mg/L, respectively. The arsenic concentration is 0 mg/L for all collected groundwater samples. The maximum and minimum COD values are 0.3 and 0.1 mg/L, respectively. The maximum and minimum TS values are 4 and 1 mg/L, respectively. The obtained values are then compared with the Bangladesh drinking water quality standards. Finally, the water quality index (WQI) values are calculated to determine the suitable uses of groundwater in and around Dhaka city. Based on WQI values, the groundwater quality is excellent in the study area.


It's very common to use gas holder to store poisonous and harmful material in the real production.Therefore,we should pay special attention to the safety of gas holder.In this paper,I will show my opinions on the main safety measures for the engineering design of low-pressure fluid seal gas holder,which is just for study and reference.


Microphone identification based on the intrinsic physical features has received significant attention by the research community in recent years. Such properties can be exploited in security and forensics applications in order to assess the authenticity of a certain audio track or for audio attribution. The detection is possible since the specific characteristics of the microphone components slightly change from one microphone to another due to the manufacturing process. Various techniques have been proposed to implement physical microphone identification from the use of hand-tailored features (e.g., entropy measure) to spectral representation (e.g., cepstral coefficients) in combination with machine learning algorithms. In recent times, the application of deep learning to microphone identification was successfully demonstrated especially in comparison to shallow machine learning algorithms. On the other hand, deep learning requires significant computing resources especially with large data sets, as in the case of audio recordings for microphone identification. Then, dimensionality reduction could benefit the computing time efficiency for this task. The proposed study envisaged the combined use of Convolutional Neural Networks with spectral entropy features extraction to improve time efficiency while preserving a high identification accuracy. Spectral features, based on Shannon entropy and Renyi entropy, are proposed in combination with the ReliefF algorithm to implement a dimensionality reduction of the spectral representation of the audio signals recorded from 34 different microphones. Then, the reduced spectral representation is fed to a custom Convolutional Neural Network to perform the classification. The results show that this approach is able to reduce significantly the processing time in comparison with the state of the art while preserving a comparable identification accuracy and an increased robustness to the presence of noise.


The rst chapter investigates the drivers of citation counts of academic papers. I match yearly citation data, full texts, and yearly author data of 4,482 papers in the top 5 economics journals, and use textual analysis to construct high dimensional vectors of features of papers and authors. The 10-year citation distribution is highly right-skewed, and the upper tail of the distribution is well approximated by a power law. In addition, higher 10-year citation counts are associated with higher popular topic coverage, numbers of authors, and total citations of authors' co-authors, while associated with lower "Micro" intensity, paper complexity, and numbers of authors' top eld publications. I use several state-of-the-art machine learning methods and develop a hybrid method that combines variable construction of dictionary-based textual analysis, variable selection of regression shrinkage, and model tting of Gradient Boosted Trees to predict papers' 10-year citations with the information available as of the year of publication. My proposed hybrid method gives the smallest Mean Squared Error for 10-year citation out-of-sample prediction test while using a relatively small number of variables compared to other machine learning methods. It correctly predicts 72.7% of the papers that are in the upper half of the citation distribution and correctly predicts 76.7% of the papers that are in the lower half of the citation distribution. The second chapter analyzes editorial decision making in the academic publishing process. I analyze data on keywords, abstract, referee recommendations, historical


During preliminary design for the City of Aurora's Tollgate Creek Interceptor Sewer Improvements, the authors modeled over 70,000 linear feet of interceptor for both present and future development conditions. The team used a CDM-developed, IBM P.C.-based program called Sewer Network Analysis Program (SNAP). This paper will discuss the development, calibration, and use of the Tollgate Interceptor System SNAP Model in the planning study and in Aurora's subsequent modeling efforts.


In 2006, St Catherine's Hospice replaced its paper-based patient records with Crosscare (Healthy Software Ltd), a Windows-based clinical management system (CMS). For reasons of patient safety, information and efficiency, hospice and pharmacy clinicians developed electronic prescribing for inpatient, non-stock medicines and medicines to take home (TTOs). Prescriptions are typed onto templates within the CMS, saved in …


Field studies were conducted at the Experimental Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, to determine if Matricaria chamomilla is a beneficial insectary plant. The relative attractiveness of insect predators (aphidophagous) and their preys (aphids) to M. chamomilla were evaluated throughout two successive seasons (2005/206 and 2006/2007). The obtained results indicated that M. chamomilla was visited by several insect predators. A total of ten species of aphidophagous were collected. Although species varied somewhat among the two seasons, the most common aphidophagous species in sweep net were belonging to four families namely Coccinellidae, Syrphidae, Staphelinidae and Chrysopidae. Attractiveness of insect predators to M. chamomilla differed by dates and seasons. Chamomile flowers appear to be strongly attractive to aphidophagous species of hoverflies and the coccinellid, Coccinella undecimpunctata L. To test the hypothesis that regulation of aphid population would be improved by providing floral resources (M. chamomilla) for adult natural enemies, an experimental field plots each containing a central bed of pea plants Pisum satavium. A set of plots encircled either by chamomile plants or no forbs. Aphidophagous were more abundant in pea plots encircled by chamomile plants compared to those having no floral plants. Densities of aphid were typically lower in plots containing floral resource plants than in plots without them. On the other hand, the percentage of parasitism was significantly higher on aphid population within plots surrounded with chamomile plants than those without floral resource. These results suggest that M. chamomilla is an insectary plant with facultative mutualist predator-parasitoid visitors.


Objective To study the neuroprotective effect of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor(BDNF) on retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) damaged by experimental acute hyper-intraocular pressure(HIOP).Methods Sixteen rabbits were divided randomly into BDNF or PBS groups.Experimental acute HIOP model was performed in the right eyes by perfusing balanced salt solution into anterior chamber.The all left eyes served as the control group.3.75μg of BDNF or 5μl of 0.1M phosphate buffered solution(PBS)was injected respectively into vitreous body cavity of right eyes of BDNF or PBS group before perfusion.All rabbits were euthanatized on 14th day.All rabbits were labelled retrogradely with 30% horseradish peroxidase in 2% Dimethyl Sulfoxide 48 hours before sacrifice and then counted the density of RGCs of inferior half retina located 2,4,6mm from the optic disc was counted.Results At the distance of 2,4,6mm from optic disc,the density of RGCs of normal control group was(1 619±377),(771±232),(358±122) per mm~2 respectively,and that in BDNF or PBS group was(1 304±246),(669±283),(283±93) per mm~2 respectively or(1 002±410),(627 ±211),(264±107) per mm2respectively.At the distance of 2 mm,the density of RGCs of BDNFgroup was significantly higher than that in the PBS group.Conclusions BDNF could protect RGCsfromdamage induced by experi mental acute hyper-intraocular pressure and enhance their survival.


In recent years several swarm optimization algorithms, such as Bat Algorithm (BA) have emerged, which was proposed by Xin-She Yang in 2010. The idea of the algorithm was taken from the echolocation ability of bats. PurposeThe purpose of this study is to provide the reader with a full study of the Bat Algorithm, including its limitations, the fields that the algorithm has been applied, versatile optimization problems in different domains, and all the studies that assess its performance against other meta-heuristic algorithms. Design/Methodology/ApproachBat Algorithm is given in-depth in terms of backgrounds, characteristics, limitations, it has also displayed the algorithms that hybridized with BA (K-Medoids, Back-propagation neural network, Harmony Search Algorithm, Differential Evaluation Strategies, Enhanced Particle Swarm Optimization, and Cuckoo Search Algorithm) and their theoretical results, as well as to the modifications that have been performed of the algorithm (Modified Bat Algorithm (MBA), Enhanced Bat Algorithm (EBA), Bat Algorithm with Mutation (BAM), Uninhabited Combat Aerial Vehicle-Bat algorithm with Mutation (UCAV-BAM), Nonlinear Optimization). It also provides a summary review that focuses on improved and new Bat Algorithm (Directed Artificial Bat Algorithm (DABA), Complex-valued Bat Algorithm (CBA), Principal Component AnalysesBat Algorithm (PCA-BA), multiple strategies coupling Bat Algorithm (MixBAT), Directional Bat Algorithm (dBA)). FindingsShed light on the advantages and disadvantages of this algorithm through all the researches that dealt with the algorithm in addition to the fields and applications it has addressed in the hope that it will help scientists understand and develop it. Originality/valueAs far as the research community knowledge, there is no comprehensive survey study conducted on this algorithm coverıng all its aspects. KeywordsSwarm Intelligence; Nature-Inspired Algorithms; Metaheuristic Algorithms; Optimization Algorithms; Bat Algorithm. Paper type Review paper Citation Umar, S.U. and Rashid, T.A. (2021), "Critical analysis: bat algorithm-based investigation and application on several domains", World Journal of Engineering, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/WJE-10-2020-0495


PURPOSE: To perform an accurate metering of an amount of a batch material for forming a thickened outer skin by extending a plurality of flow control openings through a molding plate, increasing a total volume of the material disposed radially outside of an end of a central opening of a molding plate and flowing toward a mask and a shim, and controlling a flow rate. CONSTITUTION: A die 12 has a plurality of supply holes 18 for supplying to a discharge slot 16. A mask 22 has a radially extended lip 24 which has an end 26 of an opening 27. During an operation, a batch material is supplied to a supply hole 18, and discharged through the slot 16 and an orifice 17. The lip 24 and the shim 28 of the mask 22 are directed to move a radially outermost part of the material in a direction of an arrow at a discharge end of the slot 16 to form a thickened outer skin of a honenycomb extrusion. An opening 46 of a molding plate 44 is changed in its diameter to the hole 18, and annularly disposed. The opening 46 supplies to the hole 18 of the die 12. And, the plate 44 and the opening 46 meter or control a volume of the material arriving at a shim reservoir 30. COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO


The design of a 15 MeV, 2 kA peak current, electron accelerator for the DEINOS project is presented. It is dedicated to a new radiographic facility. The accelerator is based on a DC photo-injector and a RF superconducting linac. Up to twenty electron micropulses, 100 ps time duration and 200 nC bunch charge are emitted at 352 MHz repetition rate from a Cs2Te photocathode and accelerated to 2.5 MeV in the DC diode before injection into a superconducting linac. A general description of the main accelerator components and the beam dynamics simulations are presented. INTRODUCTION The former DEINOS project which name stands for "DEmonstrateur d'INjecteur Optimisé pour un accélérateur Supraconducteur" was consisting of a DC photo-injector coupled to a RF superconducting accelerator (Fig. 1). It is a new versatile scheme based on rather well tested technologies. It has been proposed to produce flash X-ray pulses from very intense electron beams impinging on a high Z material target. A final beam transport allows tight beam focusing on the conversion target [1]. In order to meet the specifications of the radiographic need, 2 μC51 MeV60 ns, compactness and low cost, the machine could be made of the assembly of a 352 MHz RF linear accelerator and a photo-injector, provided the photo-injector delivers the proper bunches. Electrons bunches are emitted from a Cs2Te photocathode driven by a 266 nm wavelength laser and extracted in a DC gun. A pulsed power supply made of a prime power, a Blumlein and coaxial transmission lines drives the diode accelerating voltage. The voltage applied to the accelerating gap of the diode can reach a value up to 2.5 MV. Time duration of the voltage plateau is set by the Blumlein to be 60 ns. A short drift section between the photo-injector and the linac allows room for the injection of the photocathode laser beam, a vacuum valve and beam diagnostics. Optimizations of the photo-injector, the RF accelerator and radiographic parameters led to a design for which the accelerator machine could deliver 20 bunches at 352 MHz. Each bunch of 100 ps time duration would carry 100 nC. This can be done with a UV laser illuminating the photocathode in synchronism with the linac RF in order to recapture the bunches in the RF cavities without any losses. All the main technical issues that were identified to building the photo-injector (large size diameter and high quantum efficiency Cs2Te photocathodes, UH Vacuum level 10 mbar, high voltage insulator barrier, electron gun and diode geometry, stability of the high voltage driver and stability of the laser) could be worked out with this new demonstrator, at lower budgetary cost. A new orientation has been decided for the project in order to build a reduced scale model. Then a 15 MeV accelerator scheme based on the early architecture consisting of a DC photo-injector and a superconducting RF linac made of only one cavity, has been proposed as a new facility for radiography applications. Photo-injector parts SCRF linac accelerator parts


The concept of a 3D circular right cylinder is generalized to a real preHilbert space. The surface S of such a cylinder has two pieces: the wall and the septum (or cap), whose intersection is the cylinder's edge. We study the intrinsic metric of S and discuss the existence, the nature and [non]uniqueness of shortest paths between two points in the cylinder's wall. The main problem addressed here is to determine the pairs of points in the wall for which there exist shortest paths going across the septum and shortest paths that do not cross the septum. We solve this problem in case one of the points lies in the edge, and show that this multiple shortest path problem is in essence a 3D riddle. Our methods involve the geometry of the traditional cycloid curve, its evolute and its negative pedal with respect to the cycloid cusp.


Objective To explore the clinical value of laparoscopic surgery in the conservative treatment of unruptured tubal pregnancy.Methods 120 patients with tubal pregnancy were included in the study.According to admission order,they were randomly divided into observation group and control group(n=60).The observation group were given laparoscopic surgery,the control group was underwent open surgery.The difference in clinical parameters were compared between the two groups.Results Observation group is shorter than the control group at operative time,anal exhaust time and the average length of stay,blood loss is also less than the control group,the incidence of ectopic pregnancy again after less than the control group,while significantly higher pregnancy rate after intrauterine,the difference was significant between the groups(P0.05).Adverse reactions showed no significant difference between the two groups(P0.05).Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery is better than open surgery in the conservative treatment of tubal pregnancy,is worthy of clinical application.


While there are many advocates of testicular cancer (TC) education, little is known about the adolescent male's attitude towards TC, knowledge of TC, or whether he is receiving this education in the physician's office. As a first phase in a three year project on TC education in the public school system, 1200 grade 10 males, mean age 16.7, 63% white 34% black, were given an 85 item validated pretest questionnaire. While 22% had heard of TC, none knew how to correctly perform Testicular Self-Examination (TSE). Analysis of the attitude questions measured on a 7 point scale (7=strongly agree) showed that adolescents are afraid of getting TC (X=5.62), are unsure about whether it could happen to them (X=3.81) or whether it could be self-diagnosed (X=3.39), but did feel that recovery is more likely with early diagnosis (X=5.38). Black adolescents were less knowledgable about and more afraid of getting TC (p<.01), than white adolescents. Although 58% reported having a complete physical examination by an MD within the previous year, <2% reported being taught TSE. There were no race differences in physician utilization. Having seen an M.D. within the past year made no difference in knowledge or attitudes toward TC. This data shows that the adolescent male has little knowledge and some anxiety about TC, does not know how to perform TSE, and is receiving little education during the routine physical exam.


In the last decades we have noticed an increase of electronic waste generation. The electronic products are short life cycle commodities and they became waste in a short time. The paper analyzes the electronic waste legislation and the materials personal computer are composed of. This can allow us to estimate their intermediate and final destination and the recovered materials. The results could be useful in order to analyzes in advance the recoverable materials and to set an appropriate electronic waste management.


Derek Hook (ed.), Lie on Your Wounds: The Prison Correspondence of Robert Mangaliso (Johannesburg: Wits University Press, 2019), 565 pp., ISBN 9781776142408. Derek Hook's useful and timely Lie on Your Wounds: The Prison Correspondence of Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe brings together in book form the letters of the Robert Sobukwe Papers, an archive currently held at the Wits Historical Research Papers in Johannesburg. Given that the papers were already fully digitised and have been publicly available and easily accessible for some time, it is relevant to ask what Hook's edited volume brings to the growing interest both scholarly and popular in Sobukwe that is new.


The paper here shows the work performed by our team on a fabrication of Di-wheel, which we provide a name "METO" stands for a combination of Mechanical and Electrical device for our design. We have focused here to redefine and replace the basic mode of transportation made for the national parks and tourism sectors by using more comfortable, eco-friendly and a fun loving mode of transportation. The main challenge for designing the component is to provide actual stability with exact degree of freedom. The working condition of the product for moving it in forward direction, reverse direction and to provide better rotations was also a difficult task to be done. By studding these challenges and working factors the Diwheel provides a perfect platform for the implementation of control strategies to improve the ride of the vehicle. We put our full effort here to provide a new way of ride for the amusement parks that can help people to enjoy the better standard of living. Our design gives a successful and efficient outcome as noted, so here we provide knowledge of our whole project by using proper simulations and results.


The need for communication in human affairs has become increasingly apparent in the rapidly expanding complex of modern life. In the health sciences, problems relating to drug therapy have made such a need especially apparent. With this in mind, the College of Physicians of Philadelphia has established under its aegis a committee made up of representatives of the five medical and two pharmacy schools of the city and five of the leading pharmaceutical concerns of the area (Figure). This committee is charged with the establishment and maintenance of a working relationship between its members directed toward solution of some of the most serious of the problems having to do with drug production and utilization and has been called the Greater Philadelphia Committee for Medical-Pharmaceutical Sciences. Historical The first meeting of the Committee was held on April 18, 1963. From that date until the present (November 1964) there have been 12


Background: The ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) is a key player in regulating many cellular processes via proteasomal degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. Recently published data show that Jab1/CSN5 interacts with p97/VCP and controls the ubiquitination status of proteins bound to p97/VCP in mouse and human cells. However, coexpression of p97/VCP and Jab1/CSN5 in the developing rat testis and epididymis has not previously been studied. Methods: Testicular and epididymal tissues from 5-, 15-, 30-, and 60-day-old rats were examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Colocalisation of proteins was determined by immunofluorescence microscopy. Results: In the 5-day-old rat testis, p97/VCP and Jab1/CSN5 were specifically expressed in gonocytes. The expression of p97/VCP and Jab1/CSN5 significantly increased at day 15 and was found in spermatogonia, Sertoli cells and spermatocytes. In 30and 60-day-old rat testes, p97/VCP indicated moderate to strong expression in Sertoli cells, spermatogonia, round and elongating spermatids. However, moderate to weak expression was observed in spermatocytes. Jab1/CSN5 showed strong expression in spermatogonia and spermatocytes, while relatively moderate expression was observed in round and elongating spermatids in 30and 60-day-old rat testes. In contrast, in the epididymis, the expression of both proteins gradually increased from 5 to 60 days of age. After rats reached 2 weeks of age, the expression of both proteins was mostly restricted to the basal and principal cells of the caput epididymis. Conclusions: Our study suggests that p97/VCP and Jab1/CSN5 could be an important part of the UPS in the developing rat testis and epididymis and that both proteins may be involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis and epididymal epithelial functions.


Research Summary

The Local Law Enforcement Block Grants (LLEBG) Program was second only to the Community-Oriented Policing Services (COPS) Program in its funding levels. Some $3 billion was dispensed to local jurisdictions to reduce crime and improve public safety; yet the effects of LLEBG funding on crime have been all but ignored. Accordingly, panel data from more than 5,000 cities covering a 12-year period (1990–2001) were collected, and index crime rates were regressed on LLEBG funding and appropriate demographic controls. Additional controls for police levels and other federal grants were also introduced, proper checks for endogeneity of grants (and police levels) were performed, and the models were subjected to an array of robustness checks. A consistent message emerged: LLEBG Program funding was associated with significant reductions in serious crime.

Policy Implications

Although LLEBG funding seemed to reduce serious crime, the results also revealed that the decrease did not occur through the hiring of additional police officers, even though many funds were used for that purpose. Other mechanisms were thus at work, but the data did not provide insights into what these mechanisms were. In any case, every $1 in LLEBG funding per capita was associated with approximately 59 fewer index crimes per 100,000 people. When combined with the findings from recent studies of the effects of community policing grants on crime, this study suggests additional federal support for local law-enforcement agencies should be considered.


Phasic Excitation/Activation (PEA) mathematical model simulates short-term nonlinear dynamics of activation and control of muscle by nerve. Includes electronic and mechanical elements. Is homeomorphic at level of its three major building blocks, which represent motoneuron, dynamics of activation of muscle, and mechanics of muscle.


The utility model discloses a portable temperature-controlled reagent box. The portable temperature-controlled reagent box comprises a box type main body, a box cover, a lifting handle and a shoulder strap, wherein a hemispherical inner cavity is arranged in the box type main body; a hemispherical boss which is adapted to the inner cavity in shape is arranged in the inner cavity; two opposite sides of the hemispherical boss are movably connected with a cavity through a rotating shaft; the bottom side of the inner part of the hemispherical boss is provided with a balancing weight; the hemispherical boss is also provided with an electric heating wire and a semiconductor refrigerator; the box type main body is also provided with a display screen, a loudspeaker, a warning lamp, a fan and a solar cell panel. According to the portable temperature-controlled reagent box disclosed by the utility model, small-angle inclination during transportation can be overcome, and the probability of spilling and leaking of a reagent can be reduced; three modes of heating, radiating and refrigerating are integrated so as to enable the reagent or a to-be-tested article to be kept in certain temperature, and temperature control and mode switching can be carried out anytime and anywhere; meanwhile, through the arrangement of retractable universal wheels and a telescopic pull rod on the box body and the lifting handle and the shoulder strap on the box cover, the portable temperature-controlled reagent box is more portable.


Antimicrobial drugs such as antibiotics have been widely used as feed additives in livestock to improve growth performance of animals and to prevent diseases,and those feed additives have made a great contribution to the feed industry and development of animal husbandry.Although ban of some antibiotics is highlighted,antibiotic feed additives are common practice in China because of the uncertainty efficacy and instability of antibiotic alternatives currently.Thus antibiotic feed additives must be applied scientifically and the safety of antibiotics must be considered carefully.Before banning of any antibiotic,negative effects of withdrawing the antibiotic feed additive should be avoid.Therefore,at the present,it is urgent to guide,standardize and properly use antibiotic feed additives in the feed industry.


A photochromic film that could be fast erased and possess long-term preservation ability has been designed, and could be used as rewritable paper.


Abstract. A new moss species of the family Mielichhoferiaceae, Synthetodontium kunlunense J. C. Zhao & Y. Y. Liu, is described and illustrated. It was collected from soil substrates in an oasis in the Kunlun Mountains in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China. The peristome structure of this species is similar to that of S. pringlei Cardot, but S. kunlunense has longer leaves (0.5–1.3 mm vs. ca. 0.5 mm), shorter median leaf cells (8.6–21.7 μm vs. 40.6–72.6 μm), decurrent leaf bases (vs. not decurrent), a nodding capsule (vs. erect), and reddish proximal leaf cells (vs. green). Synthetodontium Cardot seems to be a disjunct genus distributed between East Asia and North America because the new species is known from a single locality in China, and another closely related species in the genus is known from four localities in Mexico.


Background This study aimed to identify the location of the optic foramen in relation to the anterior sphenoid sinus wall, which is essential information for surgeons in planning and performing endoscopic transnasal surgery. Methods Computed tomography scans of 200 orbits from 100 adult patients with no abnormalities were examined. The results included the location of the optic foramen in relation to the anterior sphenoid sinus wall and the distance between them, as well as the distance from the optic foramen and the anterior sphenoid sinus wall to the carotid prominence in the posterior sphenoid sinus. Results The optic foramen was anterior to the anterior sphenoid sinus wall in 48.5% of orbits, and posterior in the remaining 51.5%. The mean distance from the optic foramen to the anterior sphenoid sinus wall was 3.82 ± 1.25 mm. The mean distances from the optic foramen and the anterior sphenoid sinus wall to the carotid prominence were 7.67 ± 1.73 and 7.95 ± 2.53 mm, respectively. Conclusion The optic foramen was anterior to the anterior wall of the sphenoid sinus in approximately half of the orbits examined in this study, and posterior in the remaining half. The mean distance from the optic foramen to the anterior sphenoid sinus wall of the sphenoid sinus was 3.82 ± 1.25 mm.


This year's Dublin Theatre Festival, ofŽ cially The Eircom Theatre Festival, included a fest within a fest. 'A Celebration of the Work of Tom Murphy' was an honour long overdue to arguably Ireland's Ž nest living writer for the stage. It might be conjectured, however, that this tribute would not have occurred had the Abbey not held a similar retrospective of Brian Friel's work for that playwright's 70th birthday in 1999. This is not to detract from Murphy's merit, but as Fintan O'Toole in his opening remarks emphasised, Murphy's road to success has been hard won, and often overshadowed. O'Toole spoke in the Long Room in Trinity College, the Ž rst venue of an academic conference complementing the Abbey's offerings. 'Talking About Tom Murphy', a oneand-a-half-day event, with four major speakers and respondents, maintained a high level of discourse throughout. In addition to O'Toole, speakers included Chris Morash of Maynooth, working in tandem with Lionel Pilkington of National University of Ireland, Galway; Alexandra Poulain of the Sorbonne, paired with Shaun Richards of the University of Staffordshire; and Nicholas Grene of Trinity College Dublin, deftly responded to by Declan Kiberd of University College Dublin. The conference was the inspired idea of Nicky Grene, and was co-sponsored by the Oscar Wilde Centre for Creative Writing and the English Department at Trinity College Dublin. Perhaps the highlight of the academic event was Chris Morash's postmodern conjoining of Antonin Artaud's real trip to Ireland in 1939 (a balmy mission to return a walking stick he believed to be St Patrick's), with a Ž ctive trip to Tuam. Here in Murphy's birthplace, Artaud was imagined to have passed on to the unsuspecting toddler the heritage of the Theatre of Cruelty in Ireland. Across the Liffey at the Abbey the dramatic celebration consisted of Ž ve new productions of Murphy's best-known plays, plus a staged reading to close the festival (The Morning After Optimism, A Whistle in the Dark, Bailegangaire, Sanctuary Lamp, The Gigli Concert and Famine, respectively). These were supplemented admirably by an interview of Murphy by Michael Billington of the Guardian, free pre-theatre talks and panel discussions nightly, and a concert of music from Murphy's plays, performed in the Temple Bar Music Centre nearby. A panel discussion of playwrights Elizabeth Kuti, Declan Hughes and Billy Roche was also led by Colm Toibin, who contributed valuable notes to the festival programme, an excellent value and resource for £5. Additional notes and commentary in the programme were provided by Murphy's fellow playwrights Tom Kilroy and Conor McPherson, and veteran actorturned-playwright Jim Nolan. There was much anticipation of the new production of Bailegangaire in the Peacock, especially since it was directed by Murphy himself. Pauline Flanagan, as the iconic Mommo, gave new dimensions to this great female role, created by Siobhan McKenna in her Ž nal appearance on stage. Flanagan brought to the character a pithy determination which was palpable in the small performing space, and focused both herself and the audience on the telling of the crucial talewithin-the-tale which Ž nally illuminates the tragedy of the disjointed family, or its remainder, and forms the crux of the play. Her granddaughters, plain and dutiful Mary, played by Murphy's partner, Jane Brennan, and deŽ ant and abandoned Dolly, a gum-chewing, motorbike helmetwielding Dearbhla Crotty, underscored the divergent forms of fallout that trauma in childhood can take. Bailegangaire, Murphy's only play which focuses solely, or in a major sense, on women, investigates linguistically the critical wrong-turnings lives can take, but without the alternative of Ž sticuffs and bravado normally accessible to men. His women turn inward largely into consoling, but deceptive, forms of compromise. Mary wants out, but only after helping her grandmother to closure which will aid them all. Dolly is much more victimised by her absent husband and his overbearing mother than she can easily admit even to herself. The cri de coeur is distinct in each voice, but rises in a threnody of forgiveness, undercut by the pragmatism demanded of modern life, at the play's end. Murphy's Ž rst play, A Whistle in the Dark, a dark vision of life in de Valera's Ireland, played out in an Irish ghetto in Coventry, found its way to the stage at Ž rst, and not entirely surprisingly,


This paper employs a time-variant model to determine the exact small-signal loop transmission of second-order charge-pump phased-locked loops. The model predicts that a loop bandwidth of close to half the input frequency can be achieved. The large-signal behavior is also analyzed and two modes of oscillation are identified. The results are confirmed by means of circuit simulations.


Various polysaccharides such as sodium alginate, pectin and kappa-carrageenan were studied in aqueous solution. Zeta potential and particle size were determined on these suspensions as a function of pH. Macrobeads were developed after extrusion and gelation of the polysaccharide suspension into a calcium chloride bath. SEM photographs showed that the macrobeads of alginate offered better guarantees morphological (no crack or fracture, homogeneous surface). These macrobeads may find applications in many fields such as encapsulation of bioactive compounds.


The aim of this research is to describe the science learning by using science kit which is integrated to the hands on method at Year VB Elementary School SDN Model Terpadu Madani Palu. The learning was fo cused on main material subject of optics kits. The instruments which used on this study ; Lesson Plans, observation sheet s for teacher and student's activities, observation sheets  of Hand on and Minds on for student, pretest and posttest  for  action on each cycle. The results showed on cycle I, the student's score on Mind on was 53,93 with classical average 2.45 or "start to see" with the percent of  61,28 which categorized  as "good enough". On Cycle II, the score was 79,43, average 3,61 or " to be use to" with the percent of 90,18 which categorized as  "very good". Student's Hand on, at Cycle I, the score was 57,27, average 2,60 or " develop" and  it was done at 65,10% and categorized as good enough whereas  the cycle II showed score 78,43 average 3,56 or " to be use to" and done at 89,13 % (very good).  Teacher's activity  score on cycle I was 63, average 3,32, done 82,89% (good) and  student's activity score 75,93, average 3.45 and done 86,28% (good). Whereas on cycle II, Teacher's activity  score  70, average 3,68, done 92,90 % (very good) and student's activity score, 82,64 (good), average 3,76, and done 93,90% (very good). For the test result of pre-action was 1633, the classical average 74, Classical absorption 74,22%, the classical complete  up to 50%. On cycle I , 1836 score, classical  average 83, classical absorption 83,45%, classical complete 7,27%, on cycle II,  1887  score, average 86, classical absorption  87,77 %, classical complete  was 90,90%. It can be c oncluded that science learning by using science kit integrated to the hands on method can improve the student's mind on at year VB Elementary school SDN Model Terpadu madani Palu. Key w ord s : Science KIT, Hands On, Minds On


Abstract This paper presents a 2.4-GHz vital-sign sensor for noncontact healthcare monitoring applications. The sensor consists of one VCO, two circulators, three Wilkinson power dividers, one 90° hybrid, two mixers, and two active band-pass filters. The sensor with the injection-locked VCO and the I/Q demodulator reduces system complexity and avoids the null detection points, respectively. Moreover, the sensor achieves a long sensing distance without the need of a low-noise amplifier or a power amplifier. Under total power consumption of 17.8 mW, experimental results demonstrate that vital-sign signals including respiration and heartbeat can be identified and detected correctly up to 80 cm away from the subject. Moreover, the errors of heartbeats are less than 4.9% compared to a contact device.


Objective: To evaluate the high-resolution CT features of miliary tuberculosis,pneumoconiosis and pulmonary metastatic.Methods: The CT and HRCT imaging features(the size and distribution of nodules) of 38 miliary tuberculosis,33 pneumoconiosis and 41 miliary metastatic pulmonary nodules were analyzed retrospectively.The differences among them were evaluated by statistics.Results: Of all the 38 miliary pulmonary tuberculosis,nodules of 32(84.2%) and 29(76.3%) cases distributed over whole lung field and inner,median and outer zones uniformly.Of all the 33 pneumonoconiosis,nodules of 30(90.9%) and 31(93.9%) cases distributed over upper and middle lung field and inner,median zones predominantly.Of all the 41 miliary lung metastatic tumor,nodules of 37(90.2%) and 34(82.9%) cases distribute over middle and lower lung field and median and outer zones predominantly.Distribution of nodules in lobular,centrolobular and lobular parenchyma of secondary lobule were seen in 33(86.8%) miliary tuberculosis,28(84.8%) pneumonoconiosis and 36(87.8%) pulmonary metastatic tumor predominantly,respectively.Tuberculosis,pneumonoconiosis and tumor showed homogeneous nodules in 31(81.5%),9(27.3%),6(14.6%),well-defined nodules in 36(94.7%),31(93.9%),39(95.1%) and ground glass opacity of the lung in 34(89.4%),7(21.2%),21(51.2%),respectively.Conclusion: HRCT is sensitive for showing the nodules distribution of miliary pulmonary tuberculosis,pneumonoconiosis and metastatic tumor and plays an important role in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of these three kinds of miliary diseases.


Wireless power transmission by Strongly Coupled Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) with spiral resonators in air-concrete interface is analyzed. The power transfer mechanism consists of two self-resonant spirals and two single loops in contrast to the two resonant loops traditionally used in resonant inductive systems. The efficiency of wireless power transmission from a source in air to a device embedded in concrete via SCMR is reported. The concrete material is modeled at various humidity levels with extended Debye's model. The efficiency of the SCMR is also analyzed for different depths of concrete.


Hard oxidized water is obtained through electrolysis of water with a small amount of sodium chloride. We examined the bactericidal effect of hard oxidized water, to investigate the possibility of using hard oxidized water and an ultrasonic device to wash a toothbrush. The results revealed that hard oxidized water had a strong bactericidal effect for anaerobic bacteria on a toothbrush. Moreover, it was revealed that use of the ultrasonic device increased the bactericidal effect. The findings suggest that hard oxidized water is useful for washing a toothbrush.


The invention relates to a method for assembling a turbomachine (2) comprising a housing (10) and a rotor (14), wherein at least one cover (12) of the housing (10) on the rotor (14) is attached, said composite (6 ) (in a lower part 4) of the housing (10) is inserted, and then (from an upper part 8) of the housing (10) is enclosed. In order to achieve a centered mounting bearing of the cover and to avoid damage to the shaft seal, it is proposed that the composite (6) when inserting at least one guide means (24) in the housing (10) is supported and the guide means (24) has a guide the lid (12) in the housing (10) through which the inserted lid (12) is held with a radial installation gap (34) from the housing bottom part (4) and the housing upper part (8) spaced


Of the five species of the damselfly genus Lestes that live in British Columbia, Lestes forcipatus Rambur and L. disjunctus Selys are the most difficult to separate morphologically. Females can be readily distinguished by the size of the ovipositor, but males are difficult to separate. In British Columbia, L. disjunctus is more common, widespread and familiar. Before 1998, when it was first reported in BC, specimens of L. forcipatus were misidentified as L. disjunctus because the former is known mainly from eastern North America and most Lestes species are usually most readily identified using male characters. The identities of museum specimens of the two species were checked and corrected by us as necessary. Ecological and behavioural observations and up-dated distribution maps of the species are presented. Throughout its range in BC, L. forcipatus is mostly sympatric with L. disjunctus but lives in a narrower range of habitats and localities - mostly cool sedge marshes and fens. The two species show some temporal and behavioural separation.


The article present intelligent control system of ship motion in situations threatening with collision. The goal of the presented system is to support the navigator in decision making, with possible full replacement of his work in the future. In this article, it was introduced system joins work of two computer techniques, evolutionary algorithms to marking of optimum path of passages and fuzzy logic to control ship after set path of passage. Introduced system has to assure safe trip of ship in each navigational conditions with regard of weather conditions and met navigational objects of static or dynamic nature. For testing of the operation the system, the marine environment simulator was used to present navigational situations in a 3D graphical mode at the poor hydro- and meteorological conditions


The paper outlines the current work on an Environmental Risk Assessment strategy for process industries. The strategy is demonstrated by considering a notional pulp mill modelled using the GEMS simulator package. Novel models are being built to account for all sources of pollution from the plant including regular process waste streams, fugitives and adventive losses. These outputs provide the source terms for various environmental impact scenarios to assess the exposure at a distant target. The exposure levels within the premises of plant could also be assessed by this method. The scope of the paper is limited to outlining the overall strategy.


Summary form only given. MISERs (monolithic isolated single-mode end-pumped ring lasers) represent the most stable class of single-frequency laser sources currently available. These lasers are traveling wave ring oscillators with an intrinsic optical diode. We have demonstrated a novel MISER made of an undoped YAG crystal and a thin Nd:YAG disc, which is diffusion-bonded on top of it. The maximum single-frequency output power is 600 mW. The system is currently not optimized and has a potential of power scaling up to 8 W. Due to the advantages of the thin disc, the novel MISER is especially well suited for quasi-three level lasing systems with narrow gain bandwidths.


An investigation was made of the dependence of the capture probability of triplet excitations of benzophenone by 1-bromonaphthalene molecules on the concentration of benzophenone dissolved in solid ethanol and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). The critical exponents for the solid solution in ethanol were found to be β = 0.41 and γ = 1.8, in agreement with theoretical values obtained for a three-dimensional space. The critical exponent β for the solution in PMMA was less than the theoretical value. This was attributed to the influence of a strong inhomogeneity of the polymer matrix. An approach based on the problem of spheres in percolation theory was used to determine the dispersion (scatter) of the energy levels of benzophenone in PMMA, which amounted to ΔE ≃ 470 cm −1


Huanghoite, BaCe [Fl (CO3)2], a new mineral from China, is a kind of carbonate containing Ba, Ce, F. It belongs to trigonal system. The intensity data are collected with the aid of fully automatic four-circle X-ray diffractometer. The lattice parameters are α=b=5.070(±0.003 A), c=38.408(±0.005 A); space group is R3m; z=6. More exact determination has been made on the basis of earlier worke, giving the final R=0.041.
The relation between superstructure and pseudo-structure of this crystal has been analysed. We compared our results with that of earlier works. Suggestion is made for the correction for similar minerals. Finally, the individual experimental data are discussed.


Highly purified preparations of Escherichia coli RNase II are not inhibited by ATP alone. The reported inhibition of RNase II by ATP has been shown to require a soluble protein from E. coli. This putative ATP-dependent inhibitor of RNase II has been purified approximately 400-fold and identified as adenylate kinase (ATP:AMP phosphotransferase, EC 220.127.116.11). A trivial explanation for the apparent inhibition of RNase II by ATP is thus provided. The 5'-mononucleotide products released from RNA by RNase II are routinely detected by their solubility in alcohol. In the presence of ATP and appropriate nucleoside monophosphate kinases, the 5'-mononucleotides are converted to nucleoside diphosphates which are precipitated to a significant extent in alcohol. These observations contradict both the hypothesis that ATP is an important physiological regulator of RNase II activity in E. coli and the assumption that ATP can function as a specific inhibitor of RNase II in routine RNase V assays performed with crude extracts of E. coli. Our data support the suggestion that the putative RNase V activity in crude extracts of E. coli is a manifestation of previously characterized ribonucleases. Purified adenylate kinase from E. coti appears to be a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of approximately 27,000. The enzyme can utilize both riboand deoxyribonucleotides as substrates. E. coli adenylate kinase is highly specific for AMP and dAMP, but detectable activity is observed when ATP or dATP is replaced by the variety of ribonucleoside triphosphates tested.


Purpose: The prevalence of occupational burnout is high amongst service professionals and the nursing profession is no different. The rate of occupational burnout amongst nursing professionals and medical professionals is high. The themes or impact of occupational burnout amongst Nurse Practitioners is not well described in the literature. Herein this article describes the investigation into the issue of nurse practitioners and occupational burnout. Data Sources: Scientific literature review, CINHAHL Complete and other online literature databases and resources. A State of the Science systematic review was conducted to further examine this issue to identify the prevalence of the problem amongst nurse practitioners, to identify factors or specific areas of concern, and to investigate if nurse practitioners' outcomes toward occupational burnout as they align with similar focus areas in medical practice. Conclusion: The literature results suggest that higher demands, lower resources, and lower adaptive organizational attitudes are associated with burnout. Themes for female gender, role as a generalist, in family practice or as faculty revealed increased burnout risk. Environment, personal characteristics and qualities are implicated as specific variables accelerating the risk for burnout. Implications for Practice: The environment, locus of control factors (internal and external) and how nurse practitioners and women providers, are perceived impact care delivery for those directly associated and ultimately impact occupational burnout amongst nurse practitioners.


The combustion properties of LOVA propellant were studied through closed vessel. The results show that the particle geometry and grain size of nitramine influence the combustion property greatly. The nitramine treated by chemically re-crystallization was needle-like, the propellant made by this nitramine could produce stress centralization easily, and this nitramine was not good for improving its burning property. The nitramine treated by ball grind was cobblestone-like and efficient for combustion property. The larger of the nitramine grain size, the higher of the burning rate and the exponent. The combustion property of propellant could be improved by decreasing its grain size, but its burning rate index would become high when the grain size was smaller than a value. After treating the nitramine with surface-active agent, the combustion property of the propellant could be improved greatly.


Introduction : Evidence suggested that exercise may affects level of white blood corpuscles. Participation in exercise may increase 1 level of White Blood Corpuscles and also may decrease 2 level of White Blood Corpuscles and not only that published works demand that there is no effect 3,4 of exercise on level of White Blood Corpuscles.  In this context the researcher intend to know whether exercise affects positively or negatively or not on thelevel of White Blood Corpuscles. Aim: Determine whether participation in exercise may increase the level white blood corpuscles or not. Method: Only two female subjects mean aged 29 years were participating in this study. They were regularly practice yogic asana and pranayam for 1 hour per day in the evening, 6 days per week and for 8 weeks. The level of White Blood Corpuscles was assessed by examination of blood(Hematology).In the present all the measurements were done at base line and 8 weeks of exercise training. Simply percentageswere calculated for increase or decrease or no change in level of White Blood Corpuscles and change of the mean value to see the quantitative changes in White Blood Corpuscles due to participation in the exercise training. Result: Pre-test mean of WBCwas 8050and post-test was 8900 which imply that 10.55 % increase in level of WBC which was significant at 0.05 levels. Discussion and conclusion : It may be concluded that exercise may changes the level of What Blood Corpuscles.


Introduction: Details of the complexity of aqueous alteration processes in CM chondrites have come from a variety of different mineralogical and isotopic studies. These studies have focused on understanding the progressive sequence of alteration observed in CM2 chondrites [1-4]. Mineralogically, this sequence is defined first by the alteration of Fe,Ni metal, chondrule mesostasis and later by the pseudomorphic replacement of primary chondrule silicates by hydrous phases such as Mg-Fe serpentine. A key aspect of the alteration of CM chondrites that is currently poorly understood concerns the role of sulfides in the alteration sequence. The general viewpoint is that primary sulfides, such as troilite, are altered early [5] and are involved in reactions that result in the formation of a major phase in CM chondrites, tochilinite. Other sulfide phases such as pentlandite and pyrrhotite are also considered to be of secondary origin and may have formed by replacement of troilite and/or metal [5,6,7,8]. However, we have recently shown that pentlandite and pyrrhotite that is primary in origin and is derived from type IIA chondrules [9,10] are the most common coarse-grained sulfide phases in the weakly altered CM chondrite TIL 91772. Our more recent investigations [11] also show that similar sulfides are present in Crescent, another CM chondrite that exhibits a relatively modest degree of alteration. In this study, we describe SEM and TEM observations of similar coarse-grained sulfides from the moderately altered CM2 chondrite Mighei, which show clear evidence that they are unstable during aqueous alteration and are undergoing the earliest stages of replacement. The behavior of these sulfides has potential to provide a sensitive indicator of aqueous alteration of CM2 chondrites. Techniques: A thin section of the CM chondrite Mighei was studied with SE and BSE imaging using a FEI Quanta 3D FEGSEM. Individual sulfide grains were located using mineralogical modal abundance maps collected using a QEMSCAN instrument as described by [1]. A total of 10 composite pyrrhotitepentlandite grains were studied, ranging in size from 20 > 50 μm in size. Qualitative EDS spectra were obtained from individual grains using an EDAX Apollo 40 SDD EDS detector. Electron-transparent FIB sections for TEM analysis were prepared from individual sulfide grains using a FEI Quanta 3D DualBeam® FEGSEM/FIB. The FIB-prepared samples were removed from the thin sections using the in situ lift out technique with an Omniprobe 200 micromanipulator. Results: The composite pyrrhotite-pentlandite grains in Mighei are textural similar to those in Mighei. They typically occur as either isolated grains in the matrix (Figure 1) or within type IIA chondrules. Volumetrically the grains are dominated by pyrrhotite, Pentlandite grains, 5-20 microns always occur on the periphery of the pyrrhotite grains, but are clearly an integral part of the composite grain. Sometimes, the


Attention is given to the dynamics and control simulation techniques applicable to large space structures, encompassing the model of the large structure as well as models of its dynamics, its onboard controller, its sensor/actuator systems, and various disturbances to which it may be subjected. Control performance parameters must be computed as functions of time, or of such other design parameters as control gain. A large space antenna is used as an example of the structures in question, illustrating the way in which an efficient dynamics and control simulation structure program can be developed, and how antenna parameters such as reflector surface distortions can be computed, without having to solve a large number of equations for each computation time interval.


The ubiquitous goddesses dotting Bengal are referred to by the epithet mā/mother and commonly trailed by the suffix Caṇḍī and usually calcified as the Brahmanical wife of Śiva. The Caṇḍī maṅgalakābyas by Brahmanical male poets from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries helped propagate the śāstrik framing of the laukika goddesses. The narratives start appearing as the Afghan sultanate of Bengal is incorporated into the Mughal Empire, proliferate in the seventeenth century as the Mughal conquest is consolidated, and stagnate by the end of the eighteenth century as the empire begins to disintegrate and the British Empire start rising. The modern canonized criticism of the Caṇḍīmaṅgalas argues that the genre represents the agenda of shaping a Hindu community in the context of Muslim rule and Caitanya's critique of Brahmanical norms. But an ideological silence shrouds the detrimental implications of this patronizing project on customary caste and gender practices and rights.


Two kinds of Russian microbial agents,Лейнол and Дестройл,are tested locally and their effects on remediation of oil polluted wetland in oil-producing region are testified by establishing experimental sites and field sites.Single factor pollution index and comprehensive pollution index representation method is used to evaluate the varieties of the polluted degree of wetland water in Daqing oil-producing region after disposed with different experimental plans.After comparisons of the effects of different experimental methods,the ideal degradation methods are determined.It is acquired that the half-and-half mixture of these two kinds of microbial agents can achieve the best effect.At last some problems in microbial remediation are discussed.


[reaction: see text]anti-Oximes of 2-pyridylacetic acid esters are rapidly transformed to pyridine-2-carbonitrile under a variety of conditions while syn-oximes bearing tert-butyl esters can be conveniently deprotected to the corresponding carboxylic acid with subsequent fragmentation to the nitrile.


Discussion of paper 42–138 by T. R. Rhea and H. H. Zielinski, presented at the AIEE summer convention, Chicago, Ill., June 22–26, 1942, and at the AIEE Pacific Coast convention, Vancouver, B. C., Canada, September 9–11, 1942, and published in AIEE TRANSACTIONS, 1942, October section, pages 733–41. The following discussion was presented at the 1942 summer convention.


By the field test, we carried on the physicochemical tests, the lubrication performance test, the ferrographic analysis and ICP tests for different mileage of CVTF, we also ran the electron microscope analysis of the key components of steel belt of CVT's friction pair and bevel pulley. The transformation law of CVTF' lubrication, the inoxidizability, the friction durability friction, the antifriction performance, the attenuation characteristics of functional elements and the abrasion mechanism of Cone wheel and steel belt are investigated.The result showed that there was the presence of extreme pressure film on the surface of friction pair, the physicochemical parameters of CVTF changed very small, the wear metal elements in petrol within 3000km increased slowly.