In vol. 12, no. 3, p. 25ff of this Bulletin J. H. Griesmer, R. D. Jenkins, and D. Y. Y. Yun proposed a taxonomy tree rooted at the node "Algebraic Computation" which was meant as part of a general taxonomy of Computer Science. In the accompanying text they asked for supplements and criticism. I apologize that my remarks on this proposal come so late, but I had first written directly to David Yun in November, 1978 and it was only by September, 1979 that he encouraged me to make them public in the Bulletin. I apologize further that all I can offer are in fact some remarks and not a counterproposal as carefully designed as the original one, but I think what is really needed before one can engage in a new proposal is an agreement about i) the scope of the concept "Algebraic Computation" and ii) some basic principles for its organisation into a taxonomy.


Objective To compare and clarify the sterile validity of disposable packages in autoclave and ethylene oxide sterilization.Methods Totally 960 11# scalpels were packed in Euro Steril disposable packages with a Euro seal machine according to the standard procedure.They were divided into A and B groups randomly and sterilized by the autoclave and ethylene oxide, respectively. Samples were submitted regularly for bacterial culture.Results The sterile validity of the autoclave was 7 weeks and that of ethylene oxide was 8 weeks. There was insignificant difference between the two groups (P0.05).Conclusions Sterile validity of Euro Steril disposable packages in the autoclave and ethylene oxide is at least 7 weeks. The overall sterile outcome of the autoclave was better than that of ethylene oxide.


All the studied samples of peats humic acids in Middle Priobye have the biological activity by the test of lipase ferment inhibition. It is established that the highest antiseptic effect is being observed in humic acid solutions extracted from sphagnum peat with a low degree of decomposition (5%).


This paper discusses the issues and tradeoffs involved in designing a generalized caching mechanism suitable for use in an operating system kernel. 1v; an example of this approach, we describe GCache, a caching system implementation providing entry insertion, lookup, deletion, and automatic timeout. GCache, designed and implemented for the Xinu Operating System, interfaces transparently into existing systems and provides a clean, concurrency-protected interface. GCache is also suitable for use in large user applications. This paper serves both as an example of a practical caching system and as an overview of the tradeoffs involved.


This article examines the influence of social networks on women's micro credit loan groups and gam'iyyaat savings clubs. Research from Cairo, Egypt, suggests that women's social networks at the neighbourhood level facilitate micro credit and savings practices. A sample of 69 micro credit loan participants, including women borrowers and key staff members, was drawn from the Abdeen and Imbeba neighbourhoods of Cairo, Egypt. The article highlights that micro credit is not a solution for poverty in an often unpredictable and unstable economy, but should be available in collaboration with other health, social and educational initiatives to contribute to meeting women's gendered human development and human security needs.


Protoplasts of Cucumis anguria, Cucumis melo (3 accessions), Cucumis metuliferus and Cucumis sativus were isolated from leaves, growing apices, hypocotyls and calluses. Plants were cultured on 2 concentrations of sucrose. The effect of plant culture medium, explant age and explant type on protoplast viability were investigated. The protoplasts were cultured in 3 types of culture medium and at two temperatures. Optimal age range for protoplast isolation was 1-5 weeks depending on explant type and genotype. Viabilities ranging between 50 % and 80 % were obtained from all explants and genotypes. Increased concentration of sucrose had negative impact on viability of protoplasts. The highest level of regeneration achieved was callus, regenerated from leaf protoplasts of C. melo cv. 'Charentais' and C. melo 'MR-1'. The lowest regeneration capability was observed in hypocotyls. Liquid LCM medium (B5 macro and microelements (1 g · l -1 CaCl 2 ), B5 vitamins with 1g· l -1 myo-inositol, 2 mg· l -1 ascorbic acid, 0.8 mg· l -1 glycine, 20 mg· l -1 glutamine, 100 mg · l -1 casein hydrolysate, 70 g · l -1 mannitol, 10 g · l -1 sucrose, 5 g · l -1 glucose, 585 mg · l -1 MES, 5.37 μmol· l -1 NAA, 2.26 μmol· l -1 2,4-D, 2.22 μmol · l -1 BA) was optimal for protoplast regeneration. Agarose-solidified medium caused a decrease in the number of cell divisions (used in C. melo 'PI 124112'). Cultivation at 25oC resulted in a higher frequency of cell divisions (tested in C. metuliferus ).


The circular economy principles in Dutch housing policy are examined through the intersection of national policies in local governance. The performance agreement between municipality, housing corporation and tenant organisations is a central instrument to achieve municipal housing policy objectives. A case study of Rotterdam shows the dominant discourse revolves around notions of social housing oversupply and the benefits of social mix. The policy goal is to achieve 'balanced neighbourhoods' by 2030. This discourse is challenged by actors that dismiss social housing oversupply and rather note a social housing shortage. The dominant discourse is also challenged by the financial capacity of housing corporations to create social housing and the effects of policy on their market segment. An emerging second discourse revolves around the role of circular demolition and how it can fulfil goals at the intersection of housing and climate policy. Circularity is shown to be based largely on the inventory of materials resulting from the demolition of social housing. It is framed not only as a solution to reducing emissions but also as a political issue with negative consequences for the social acceptability of climate policies.
Policy relevance
The discourses and challenges identified in this case study show policymaking is based on both framing and facts. The social meaning of circular and social housing policy is different for different actors. In the context of demolition of social housing, the Dutch policy instrument of performance agreements is not ideal for developing participation because it is based on policy decisions that lack tenant involvement. Circular demolition (deconstruction) may impact the situation of many actors. Circular demolition could relieve financial pressure on housing corporations from an investment and building cost perspective, given an otherwise suitable policy environment. However, circular deconstruction could reduce the social acceptability of demolition of social housing if the materials harvested by 'urban mining' predominantly come from social housing but do not benefit social housing development. Future policymaking should focus on the interaction between different policy environments and its social and political consequences.


The article considers selecting points methodology for the main parameters monitoring of digital terrestrial television in densely populated areas of the Irkutsk region. Requirements for the choice of the measurement site have been developed. The measurements were carried out using a powerful broadcasting area of individual transceiver objects operating in a single frequency network. To carry out a research a control and measuring complex was created and a number of measurements were carried out in different areas of the Irkutsk region. During the experiment, the terrain relief, the zone of reliable reception, and the overlapping zones of signals from various stations of the single-frequency network were taken into account. The results of measuring the electromagnetic field strength, modulation error rates, bit error rates are presented in the paper. The methodology presented in the work allows you to identify errors timely and interference in a single-frequency network improving the reliability of the network and the quality of services provided.


This study simulates the impact of environmental regulations on a group of dairy producers in the UK. The regulations originate from the EU and the Netherlands and are designed to reduce water pollution from livestock waste. Policy simulation is carried out using Linear Programming models and an environmental submodel allowing policy to be assessed in both economic and environmental terms. In many cases, policy imposition has no effect, and hence the distribution of waste across farmland and the targeting of pollution policy are considered. Copyright 1996 by Oxford University Press.


Urban planning is composed of actions that bring together actors and diverse interests and, therefore, many obstacles. Participation is a fundamental factor for the success of these processes in search of fairer cities as it promotes the exacerbation of conflicts. This research investigates the role of Technologies and Information and Communication (TICs) in participatory processes. For this, virtual participation devices were raised and a connection was made from the established connections between governors and governed. Thus, the objective is to study the potential of ICT use in the construction of more coherent participatory processes.


. We prove that for various polarized varieties over Q , which broadly in-cludes K-trivial case, K-ample case, Fano case, minimal models, certain classes of fibrations, certain metrized "minimal-like" models minimizes the Arakelov theoretic analogue of the Mabuchi K-energy, as conjectured in [Od15]. This is an Arakelov theoretic analogue of [Hat22b].


Objective Propofol has profound influence on respiration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of propofol on respiratory mechanics during painless induced abortion. Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ women in early pregnancy (45-60 days) aged 17-52 yrs, weighing 42-80 kg undergoing induced abortion were enrolled in this study. Anesthesia was induced with intravenous 2.5 mg·kg-1 and maintained with intermittent i.v. boluses of propofol 30-50 mg. SpO2 and HR were monitored with Nellcor N-180 pulse oximeter. Respiratory mechanics was monitored with IFA-300 anemometer (TSI Co. USA) . The parameters measured included inspiratory / expiratory maximal air-flow velocity, inspiratory / expiratory mean air flow velocity, mean inspiratory and expiratory time, respiratory rate, inspiratory / expiratory air flow volume, dynamic inspiratory and expiraory airway pressure and indidence of apnea.Results SpO2 decreased significantly during maintenance of anesthesia with propofol. The mean and maximal inspiratory / expiratory airflow velocity and the inspiratory / expiratory airflow volume all decreased significantly during propofol anesthesia. The dynamic inspiratory / expiratory airway pressure significantly decreased during propofol anesthesia. The respiratory rate was significantly higher during propofol anesthesia while the mean inspiratory /expiratory time became shorter. Three patients developed apnea during induction of anesthesia with propofol (7.5%) . Spontaneous breathing returned within 1 min. Conclusion Spontaneous breathing is significantly depressed during propofol anesthesia in terms of respiratory mechanics. Care should be taken to maintain oxygenation and ventilation of the patient.


The KM3NeT collaboration aims at the construction of a multi-km3 high-energy neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean Sea consisting of thousands of glass spheres (nodes), each of them containing 31 photomultiplier (PMT) of small photocathode area. The readout and data acquisition system of KM3NeT has to collect, treat and send to shore, in an economic way, the enormous amount of data produced by the photomultipliers. For this purpose, 31 high-resolution time-interval measuring channels are implemented on the Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) based on Time to Digital Converter (TDC). TDC are very common devices in particles physics experiments. Architectures with low resources occupancy are desirable allowing the implementation of other instrumentation, communication and synchronization systems on the same device. The required resolution to measure both, time of flight and timestamp must be 1 ns. A 4-Oversampling technique with two high frequency clocks is used to achieve this resolution. The proposed TDC firmware is developed using very few resources in Xilinx Kintex-7.


A cost-efficient nanocomposite was synthesized by sol–gel production of Fe3+-doped ZnO nanoparticles (Fe–ZnO) on a base of shrimp shell. Samples were characterized using X-ray power diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, and scanning electron microscopy through energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Experimental studies on the removal of Rhodamine B (RB) from an aqueous solution in batches revealed that the adsorption equilibrium was best represented by the Langmuir isotherm, with a maximum monolayer capacity of 83.81 mg g–1 for RB. Kinetic data were well described by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Different thermodynamic parameters, that is, changes in standard free energy, enthalpy, and entropy, were also evaluated. It was found that dye adsorption into the nanocomposite was a spontaneous, exothermic, and physical reaction.


THE contemporary teacher frequently participates in a variety of activities. He may be a member or a leader in faculty meetings, workshops, departmental meetings, service courses, or grade-level activities. Special areas of study in these activities consist of evaluating and improving the methods of reporting to parents, studying the gifted or nonacademic learners, seeking better utilization of cumulative records, or the study of other problems indigenous to the school community. The number of teachers participating in any one of these meetings may range from only a few to the entire instructional staff of a school system.


The main objective of this paper is to detect the existence of secr et information hidden within an image. Cryptography is one of the most interesting and important area in the computer industry that deals with secure transmission of information. Encryption, the process which helps for such secure transmission, prevents hackers from accessing the information. Decryption helps to retrieve the original information. Cryptography provides many methods and techniques for secure communication. The new scheme is designed to be backward-compatible, that is, a file compressed wit h our error-resilient algorithm can be still decompressed by the original decoder. In this paper, we deal with the popular Lempel -Ziv-Welch compression scheme. The algorithm manipulates a 128 -bit input using flipping, substitution, and permutation to achieve its encryption/decryption.


Working fluid cassette for intravascular heat exchange catheter 12 comprises two closely spaced, the frame 52 that holds the square of the polymer film 66, 68 in tension. The working fluid from the catheter 12, aiming between the membrane 66 and 68. To the working fluid and heat exchange cassette is closely received between the two refrigerant cold plate 30, 32. The working fluid is circulated back to the catheter 12. .FIELD 1


ABSTRACT The starting point of this article is the undeniable experience of conscious willing despite its rejection by scientific research. The article starts a phenomenology of willing at the level of the (epi)phenomenon of willing itself, without assuming its embeddedness in a faculty of the soul, consciousness and so forth. After the introduction, a brief history of the philosophy of willing is provided, from which the paradoxical conclusion is drawn that, according to phenomenologists like Heidegger and his followers, the dominance of the will is the main characteristic of the current age, whereas scientists deny the existence of a conscious will at all. Then, four structural moments of the phenomenon of willing are explored in contrast to traditional characterizations in order to rehabilitate and appreciate the phenomenon of willing in contemporary philosophy: the interconnectedness of the one who wills and that which is willed, the transcendence and demand character of that which is willed, the self-involvement of the one who wills and the ampliative nature of the act of willing. To this end, not only sources from the phenomenological tradition but also the affordance theory of the ecological psychologist James Gibson are critically discussed.


This paper reports on experimental investigations in the use of available long-wavelength ( 1.3-1.55-\mu m) devices in wide-band analog optical-fiber loops assumed functioning in a conventional star-configured switched network. Since for economic reasons analog TV transmission will remain attractive for the foreseeable future, the objective of this work is to extend loop length from 2 km (now feasible) to about 10 km. Distances of up to 10 km are needed to accommodate three or four television channels (each switchable) and narrow-band (NB) services. It is shown that with available "experimental" long-wavelength LED's and p-i-n photodiodes distances up to about 10 km are feasible.


Longitudinal data from 1,057 adolescents in 19 public schools indicated that self-assessments of physical health were influenced by competence in several important areas of adolescent life and by psychological well-being, but not by physical symptoms. Specifically, adolescents who reported higher levels of school achievement and more participation in sports and other exercise assessed their health to be better over a one-year period, when we controlled for initial self-assessments, than those who reported lower achievement and less participation. Physical health status, as measured by common physical symptoms, was associated cross-sectionally with self-assessed health, but its longitudinal effect was mediated by initial levels of self-assessed health. Other longitudinal results showed that adolescents who were initially less depressed assessed their health more positively. The inclination among adolescents to associate competence and psychological well-being with self-assessed physical health may contribute to the expression of distress in somatic terms later in life, and may help explain this commonly observed pattern among adults.


Model of Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) in which cross-selling effects are taken into account and proportional discounts are allowed for products of lesser quality. Here, we introduce cross-selling impact as a means of establishing the ordering policy. To account for the benefits of upselling and cross-selling, we treat groups of frequently purchased items as discrete units for the purposes of calculating EOQ. Furthermore, the cross-selling impacts remain more pronounced when things are defective in nature. Initially, a number of data mining approaches are investigated in order to determine the best approach for establishing the necessary link among the item sets. By factoring in the cross-selling implications, we are able to have a better idea of the EOQ and move the project further. As it is anticipated that every lot contains some level of flaw, the work involves thorough lot-by-lot inspection. The faulty products eventually reached a total profit after varying discounts were applied. Finally, the results of the proposed model are shown through numerical examples.


The electron impact excitation (EIE) cross sections from the ground state to all of the 2s 2 2p 5 3 and 2s2p 6 3(=s, p, d) states along the Ne-like isoelectronic sequence of ions ( Z =50—57) have been calculated by using the multi-configuration Dirac-Fock package GRASP92 and the fully relativistic distorted-wave program REIE06. In the calculations, the relativistic effects and electron correlation effects are considered systematically. Based on those calculations, the EIE cross sections along the Ne-like isoelectronic sequence of ions for different incident electron energies are discussed, and some important conclusions are drawn. We also study the influence of the correlation effects on the values of the 3C/3D line-intensity ratio [3C: (2p 1/2 3d 3/2 ) 1 →2s 2 2p 6 1 S 0 , 3D: (2p 3/2 3d 5/2 ) 1 →2s 2 2p 6 1 S 0 ] along the Ne-like sequence. A comparison is made between the present results and previous theoretical calculations and experimental results for the EIE cross sections in Ba46+ ions, and a good agreement is obtained.


Study design, from objective to implementation, determines the effectiveness of the data. This design problem is exacerbated by the specific needs of an organization and lack of information about the area. The organization and SwB members must work closely together to ensure that the study fits the purpose and meets the ultimate objective.


In this paper we present a method for single image super-resolution that use discrete cosine transform (DCT) interpolation and a sparse learning-based super-resolution method. The input low-resolution (LR) image is interpolated using both DCT interpolation and bicubic interpolation methods. The bicubic Interpolated image undergoes a process sparse coding using OMP algorithm. The obtained sparse coefficients are multiplied with high-resolution dictionary generated in the training phase, resulting in the intermediate high-resolution (HR) image. The final HR image is obtained by adding the DCT interpolated image and intermediate HR image. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method proposed in terms of PSNR, SSIM and visual quality.


Organizations face huge costs resulting from employee turnover. It may incur a high cost such as training expenses and the time it takes from when an employee starts to when they become a productive member. When a productive employee quits the organization lost new product ideas, great project management, or customer relationships. So there is a need for the system that understands the key variables that influence the employee attrition rate using data mining. This paper discusses different approaches used by the researchers for the prediction of employee attrition rate in addition to an abstract view of the system that we are going to implement for Employee Attrition Rate Prediction using data mining. Keywords—Data Mining, Employee Attrition Rate Prediction, Identifying Reason, Employee Turnover.


On 20 February 1637/38, the Virginia House of Burgesses, 'called by his Majesty's appointment', convened to consider five 'Propositions' offered by Charles 1 for the reformation of their colony's tobacco trade. An investigation into the career and context of this 'Assembly' better informs us of the character of that monarch's government and, correspondingly, on English 'state formation' and empire in the first half of the seventeenth century. We learn that, as in its three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, the Crown and its officers experienced little joy in their efforts to clear the lines of authority connecting Whitehall with the rest of the king's domains.


The supply of aluminum (Al) and manganese (Mn) to the Gulf of Alaska from coastal sources is poorly constrained. Here, we investigate the seasonality of sources to better constrain Al and Mn cycling in the coastal Gulf of Alaska region and add to our understanding of seasonal and interannual inputs. We examine Mn and Al behavior over the shelf to distinguish between redox‐induced release of dissolved trace metals (i.e., diffusion from sediments), sediment resuspension, and meltwater release. Data suggest that, prior to the onset of stratification in the spring, shelf sediment resuspension from deep mixing is an important mechanism for trace metal delivery to surface waters. As spring and summer ensue, increased meltwater discharge coupled with increased surface water temperatures result in stratification of the water column within the coastal Gulf of Alaska, and meltwater becomes a more important source of Al and Mn to the surface waters. The limited data available suggest that a redox‐driven flux of Mn from shelf sediments is not as important as the meltwater flux during the summer. In addition, dissolved trace metal concentrations in meltwater‐influenced plumes over the shelf exhibit conservative mixing, while particulate trace metal concentrations do not behave conservatively. This indicates that there are different physical controls (particle settling vs. mixing) on the spatial distributions of dissolved and particulate Al and Mn in coastal waters, the manifestation of which are likely highly variable and dependent on the trace metal composition of the river and the hydrodynamics governing this interaction at any given time.


The river Gota Alv reaches between Vanern and Gothenburg and is the main raw water source for Gothenburg that supplies about 700 000 people with water. To protect and maintain a high water quality, ...


A Guide to Northern Native Plants was developed as part of educational outreach from the Northern Native Plants Project, a program of the Sigurd Olson Environmental Institute at Northland College, Wisconsin. The project mission seeks to create greater public awareness about northern native plants and their applicability in the home landscape. A Guide to Northern Native Plants is a practical, 3-ring binder field guide that can easily slip into the daypack of any native plant enthusiast who desires to seek out these species in the woods and meadows of northern Wisconsin and surrounding areas. Most of the species included in the guide have a fairly broad geographical range that extends northward from the upper Midwestern and northeastern US to the central and eastern provinces of southern Canada. Some of the common ferns, horsetails, grasses, sedges, forbs, and a few shrubs are included in the guide, offering the user a range of life forms to discover and propagate for the home landscape. Thus, the guide is useful for the general public and nursery professionals who are interested in common species; but it is not intended for people who are seeking a complete propagation and identification resource of the diverse flora of this region. The introduction provides the reader with seed purchasing and collecting procedures and ethics—important but often neglected topics in other guidebooks targeted for the native plant gardener. A useful month-by-month planner details when seeds of these species are usually fully mature and ready for harvest. Following that is a brief overview of seed processing, storage, and general approaches to overcoming dormancy. Nursery growers will find the recommended propagation treatments a helpful starting point, but in some cases they lack specific details. The species guide includes definitive line drawings, habitat types, plant height, flower color, flowering period, and seed treatment requirements. The indices list common names, scientific names, and an especially handy section in which the species are organized by habitat type. The color plates are of good quality, showing photographs of each species either in flower or fruit. This notebook style will withstand hours of field and home use. Some advantages are that the guide lays flat when opened, and the pages can be removed easily so that color plates and descriptions can be compared with the specimen in hand. Although the pages are printed on durable paper, the user will probably have to reinforce the pages to protect them from tearing out of the binder. I believe this is a fine publication for the general public who want to seek out these species in their native habitats, as well as for novice and experienced propagators living in the North Country.


Mixture models are important in theoretical and applied statistics. Mathematical statistics courses for undergraduate senior or first-year graduate students should expose students to some properties of the mixture model. In current textbooks, the predominant approach to obtain the mixture distribution is based on marginalization of the joint distribution defined by the mixture model. This article proposes the use of moment generating functions (mgf) to obtain the distribution of some mixtures. For mixtures that do not have a mgf, a generalization using characteristic functions is illustrated with an example. The mgf approach tends to be simple and it uses some of the tools already built into the course. Several examples are used to illustrate the proposed methodology.


This article describes the vehicle based on virtual instrument engine control system research and development of the experimental platform. Virtual instrument technology combined with artificial intelligence inference mechanism for the establishment of a virtual instrument based on the engine electronic control system testing and fault diagnosis system, to achieve the electronic control engine system sensors online test, waveform analysis, data storage, replay and failure diagnosis.


Significance Aging is an evolutionary paradox. Traditionally, it is assumed as a maladaptive and nonprogrammed process of physical deterioration. Hypotheses of programmed aging are currently regarded as unfeasible since the evolutionary benefits of senescence are unclear. Here, we develop a model indicating that limiting lifespan is beneficial to control epidemics, providing a possible explanation for species lifespan setpoint selection and the absence of biologically immortal mutants. Our study suggests a unifying hypothesis in which lifespan is selected to prevent and limit outbreaks of chronic infectious diseases. Species-specific limits to lifespan (lifespan setpoint) determine the life expectancy of any given organism. Whether limiting lifespan provides an evolutionary benefit or is the result of an inevitable decline in fitness remains controversial. The identification of mutations extending lifespan suggests that aging is under genetic control, but the evolutionary driving forces limiting lifespan have not been defined. By examining the impact of lifespan on pathogen spread in a population, we propose that epidemics drive lifespan setpoints' evolution. Shorter lifespan limits infection spread and accelerates pathogen clearance when compared to populations with longer-lived individuals. Limiting longevity is particularly beneficial in the context of zoonotic transmissions, where pathogens must undergo adaptation to a new host. Strikingly, in populations exposed to pathogens, shorter-living variants outcompete individuals with longer lifespans. We submit that infection outbreaks can contribute to control the evolution of species' lifespan setpoints.


Background: In this study, we investigate the use of PET scanning in the carcinogenic progression of reflux esophagitis to Barrett's esophagus to high grade dysplasia to esophageal adenocarcinoma, and correlate the uptake levels of 18F-FDG related to histological changes, and the rates of proliferation and apoptosis. Methods: An established esophagoduodenal anastomsis rat model in conjunction with micro-PET scanning at 1 week, 1 month, 3 month, and 6 month after procedure was performed. Results: Increased uptake levels of 18F-FDG were observed in the esophagi after EDA procedure. The higher level of 18F-FDG uptake within esophageal epithelium was identified in intestinal metaplastic transformation and esophagoduodenal adenocarcinoma by histological examination. Conclusions: Dynamic PET scanning represents a powerful tool in analyzing morphological carcinogenic transformation non-invasively in the esophagus. 18F- FDG accumulation was a sensitive marker in reflux esophageal injury carcinogenic progression from intestinal metaplasia to EAC.


In order to explore the relationship between the methane oxidizing bacterial community and the oil and gas reservoir beneath the soil,samples collected from near-surface soil in oil,gas,and reference areas around Zhanhua oil and gas field were investigated by constructing three clone libraries of pmoA,a functional gene for methane monooxygenase in methane oxidizing bacteria.All together 155 picked clones from the three libraries were phylogenetically analyzed,and the result showed that Methylobacter,Methylomonas,Methylomicrobium associated with the type Ⅰa methanotroph represented 23%,21% and 17% in the oil area,31%,15%,16% in the gas area,and 26%,21%,8% in the reference area respectively;Methylococcus and Methylocaldum associated with the type Ⅰb methanotroph represented 29%,31%,19% in the oil,gas and reference area respectively;Methylocystis and Methylosinus accounted for 10%,7%,27% in the oil,gas and reference area respectively.Therefore,the distribution difference of type Ⅰa methanotroph in different areas was not significant,but the distribution of type Ⅰb and type Ⅱ was different in the three different areas.The oil and gas area showed a higher abundance of type Ⅰb methanotroph Methylococcus and Methylocaldum than the reference area,while a lower abundance of type Ⅱ methanotrophs Methylocystis and Methylosinus.It was thus concluded that the geological history of sustained light hydrocarbon supply and the long-term oil,gas micro-seepage might cause different microbial community structures and gradual succession from type Ⅱ to type I in the methanotroph community.


Context-based Parametric Relationship Models (CPRM) define complex dependencies between different types of parameters. In particular, Security and QoS relationships, that may occur at different levels of abstraction, are easily iden- tified using CPRM. However, the growing number of parameters and relationships, typically due to the heterogeneous scenarios of future networks, increase the complexity of the final diagrams used in the analysis, and makes the current solution for assessing Security and QoS tradeoff (SQT) impractical for untrained users. In this paper, we define a recommendation system based on contextual parametric relationships in accordance with the definition of CPRM. The inputs for the system are generated dynamically based on the context provided by CPRM-based systems.


Technologies for desulfurization and denitrition at the same time are classified as simultaneous and combined removal of SO2 and NOx by different mechanisms.The characteristics and mechanisms of several typical methods were introduced in details.Compared with technologies for DeSO2 and DeNOx separately,simultaneous removal has the advantages of cost effectiveness and flexibility.Calcium-based sorbent for simultaneous removal of SO2 and NOx in low temperature is a promising method to control flue gas pollution,with properties of low cost,easy product disposal and water saving.


PURPOSE: A wiper connector is provide to minimize damages when being mounted on a wiper blade assembly and reduce the rotation of a blade assembly. CONSTITUTION: A wiper connector comprises a first sidewall(10), a second sidewall(20), a connecting part(30), and a lever(40). The first sidewall has a curved leading end. The second sidewall faces the first sidewall and has a shape symmetric to the first sidewall. The connecting part connects the first sidewall to the second sidewall. The lever is extended from the lower part of the connecting part to the rear ends of the first and second sidewalls. The lever comprises a protrusion fastened with which a wiper arm is fastened.


The earliest well-documented case of cornu cutaneum from London in 1588 is of Mrs. Margaret Gryffith, an elderly Welsh woman. However, earliest observations on cutaneous horns in humans were described by the Everard Home in 1791. 2 Farris from Italy first described the gigantic horn in man as a well documented a case report with adequate histology. 3 Cutaneous horn or cornu cutaneum is a keratotic mass arising from the cutis. 4


Shaft angular acceleration is one of the most important parameter to indicate the statue of rotary gears.By means of modern science and technology,angular acceleration is measured and it has wide and important application.The measuring theory and method of angular acceleration is researched.An approach to highly accurate and successive angular acceleration is seeked.However,the time tache′s error percentage of measurement is analysed.AVR microcontroller with higher speed and excellent performance is applied in this measuring system.Of the most importance,it has unique function which timer/counter1 can automaticly capture the rising edge or falling edge of the square wave.


A particle-gamma coincidence experiment following the sup62Ni(sup27Al,xnypz..cap alpha gamma..) fusion-evaporation reaction was performed to decide between two alternative proposals for the sup86Y yrast decay scheme. The results verify the scheme found via the sup76G+ sup14N and sup73Ge+ sup16O reactions. It is suggested that the decay scheme seen in sup85Rb+..cap alpha.. is actually associated with sup86Rb. The sup86Y decay scheme is compared with a large basis shell model calculation.


Software tools using artificial intelligence (AI) methods are now being used within a variety of organizational routines and practices, creating new types of human-machine configurations and playing an increasingly important role in the context of contemporary organizing [4, 5]. Examples can be found across areas such as management decision making, manufacturing, and even design and creative applications [e.g., 1, 2]. These tools can be described as rational agents that based on certain input parameters autonomously—with little or no user intervention—perform tasks in guided by their underlying model and associated function. In short— they constitute a new type of material agency in the context of contemporary organizing. But what are the consequences of using AI tools— both at the level of structures and organizational activities? Since such agents often rely on complex internal processing, their behavior is less predictable than the types of IT artifacts we are used to dealing with [6]. This opens up a number of problem areas with regards to organizing [3]. For example: how does coordination shift as AI tools are used, and what new types of organizational hierarchies and structures emerge? How do power relations change, and how do different organizational actors use these new technologies to reshape power relations? What is the impact of using AI on those processes that have traditionally been seen as being entirely driven and controlled by humans? In this track, three papers will be presented, each covering different aspects of AI & organizing. The first paper, "Algorithmic Food – How 'Software is Eating the World'", draws on a practice lens to explore how algorithms and big data changes the ways in which food retailers and customers organize the production, sale, and consumption of food. The second paper, "Assessing the business impact of Artificial Intelligence", develops a "periodic table" to explore the complex ways in which various AI-related technologies can be combined and applied. Last, the third paper, "Conversational Agents Exploring Generative Mechanisms and Second-hand Effects of Actualized Technology Affordances", examines how users engage with the affordances of conversational agents as well as the first and secondhand effects of such engagements.


High Pressure Pump (HPP) failure leads to a sudden fuel cut off, during the training flight. To investigate the root cause of HPP failure, two more aged fuel pump (TSN 600h), fro m the same flight academy, was received. The failed pump and aged pumps were disassembled and analyzed by optical microscope (OM), scanning electronmicroscope (SEM) and metallographic analysis. Results showed that the metallographic technology of the three pumps were the same. Foreign debris found in the failed fuel pump stuck one plunger. At next revolution the rotor was pushing hard against the follower plate causing a sheared plunger and cylinder. Subsequent frag ments leads to the other two plungers' failure. Due to more and more debris, other parts of the pump fail as a secondary failure. Friction or stuck marks in the failed pump and the other two aged pumps indicated that it is more likely to have axial scratches in operation base Z. This operation base is close to desert.


My great idea was to start a perioperative nursing journal club in my workplace, a small four-theatre complex in a busy rural public hospital in NSW. It failed. As clinicians, we are usually more than happy to share our successes, but less ready to share our failures. The purpose of this paper is to share the experience of this failure, the mistakes I made, and the lessons I learned. It will discuss learning from our mistakes, the reality of evidence-based practice, journal clubs: barriers and requirements for success, and my own experience and reflections on attempting to start a perioperative nursing journal club.


Using corn as raw material,the healthy corn rice wine was produced by liquid fermentation.The flavor of corn wine could be improved by diastatic liquefaction of α-amylase,saccharification of Rhizopus and Aspergillus niger,and the addition of 0.15% acidic protease which was used in wine.The fermentation could be accelerated effectively when alcoholic fermentation were completely processed in liquid with pure microbial strain,the ventilation was supplied at 30℃ in former stage and the static culture was used at 28℃ in latter stage.The aging time could be shortened when high or low aging temperature was used as interval in static state,which would improve the whole liquefaction process of corn wine.


1.In the new version of the manuscript we improved the description and details of the experimental design. As suggested, we used numbers to the different groups of treatments and specified the numbers of animals used in each treatment. This information is now included in the "Methods" section. Additionally, figures and legends are also re-designed. 2.The order of the sections of the manuscript was changed and page numbers included. 3.Ethical approval was included in the "Material and Methods" section ("Animals" sub-section) 4.We have detailed the description, and added the reference of the electrical stimulation protocol in the "Methods" section. We also added in the second paragraph of the "Results" section: "We have chosen an exercise protocol that involved a polymetric (eccentric) muscle component. Untrained exercised rats therefore experience both oxidative and polymetric stress, with the latter causing some muscle trauma, associated with over-exertion, leading to inflammation." 5.In Figure 2 we have not checked the inflammatory process at "0" (immediately after exercise) or at 1 h after exercise because we thought it would be a very short period to see a significant increase in macrophage density in relation to the control. We also measured macrophage infiltration 48 h after exercise in order to check its effectiveness against the delayed-onset of muscle trauma. 6.Regarding the comments about Fig. 3, the other time-points (brain at 6 h and liver at 48 h after exercise) were not checked because we choose only to analyze the times after exercise where the highest level of lipid peroxidation was detected. In the case of TA muscle, the time-points of 6 h and 48 h after exercise were checked because in these periods lipid peroxidation was still very increased, when compared to the control ones (treatment 1). This information is given in the "Results" section, and showed in Fig. 3A. 7.The reference of Kayatekin et al. (2002) was corrected.


Summary The volatile oils of the leaves of alpine fir were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. In the Pacific Northwest, alpine fir separates into two types, Coastal and Rocky Mountain. They were distinguished by quantitative differences in santene, tricyclene, camphene, P-pinene, myrcene, P-phellandrene, borneol, and bornyl acetate. Coastal populations had red colors in the periderm, whereas the Rocky Mountain populations had only brown colors. A literature search revealed additional differences between these populations which were originally described as Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt. and A. bifolia Murray, respectively, and more recently as only A. lasiocarpa or as a single variety of A. balsamea. However, our evidence suggests that the original designations more accurately describe these two populations, which have hybridized extensively. Alpine fir, Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt., ranges from the Pacific coast eastward to central Alberta, and from the Yukon to New Mexico. On its eastern boundary, it introgresses with A. balsamea (L.) Mill. These two species have been mainly separated by cone scales, ranking and angle of needle attachment, and relative abundance of stomata (Moss, 1959; Bakuzis and Hansen, 1965), although recent studies (Bovin,


From 1928 to 1935 inclusive, 995 eyeballs were examined at the Eno Laboratory of the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary. Of this number, 126 (12.8 per cent) were found to have sarcoma of the uvea. In addition to these tumors, 62 other uveal tumors the histologic sections of which were available were studied. This material constitutes the basis of this report. The chief purpose of this paper is to present the results of a study of this series of uveal tumors from the standpoint of topography and to discuss the frequency of the complications arising from such growths. Other interesting information which was correlated in studying the sections is also reported. Table 1 shows how the tumors in this series were grouped and how this classification compared with that of other authors. Fuchs1collated all previous papers on sarcoma of the uvea and added 22


Ergonomics is the system design compressed of man-machine and environment relationship to bring about some output against given inputs by considering different physical, anatomical, physiological and psychological limits of the human being. Based on different workloads and speeds (rpm), the experiment was conducted on MONARK 828E Ergometer, to evaluate heart rates of different age groups with variable weights and heights. The farm workers of 25-30 years age group have developed a maximum working heart rate as compared to other age groups of 30-35 and 35-40 years. The Energy Expenditure Rate (EER) for all the farm workers obtained was graded as 'Moderately Heavy'. The Body Mass Index (BMI) of age groups 25-30 and 30-35 years were considered as 'Normal' and 35-40 were considered as 'Obese Grade I'. The Ponderal Index (PI) of all age groups, i.e. 25-30, 30-35 and 35-40 years were 'Ectomorph' in nature.


Involuntary movements (IMs) are seen in schizophrenia and are widely considered to be side-effects of neuroleptic medications (1,2). Although dopamine-blocking antipsychotics may be related to IMs, IMs are often manifested in medication-naive patients and were frequently reported in the preneuroleptic era (3–5). IMs are reported in medication-free chronically ill (6–8) and medication-naive first-episode patients (9–14). Previous studies report IMs in neuroleptic-naive psychosis up to 14% (5), suggesting that IMs could be state-independent, core features. It, however, remains unclear whether IMs represent medication-induced phenomena or whether they are the core phenotypic trait-related features of schizophrenia (15).

Some studies suggest that the severity of IMs may correlate with the degree of negative (3,16) or positive symptoms (10), albeit inconsistently (17). Working memory impairments and negative symptoms may correlate with IMs in patients treated for chronic schizophrenia 18), suggesting a role for frontostriatal neural systems in the pathophysiology of IMs. Although the relationship between IMs, negative symptoms and neurocognitive deficits, one of the core features of schizophrenia (19), has not been studied previously in untreated patients with first-episode psychoses, those studies examining IMs in untreated schizophrenia patients are limited by a small sample size (10,14) and by the lack of standardised assessment scales (13).

We examined IMs in a relatively large group of medication-free first-episode psychosis patients and studied their relationships to positive and negative symptoms and executive function (Box 1). We hypothesised that the patients will have IMs and these would correlate with more severe negative symptoms as well as executive function impairment.

Box 1. Involuntary Movements in Medication-free First-episode Psychosis Patients and Their Relationship to Positive and Negative Symptoms and Executive Functions

Methods
The subjects included individuals who were involved in a longitudinal study of first-episode psychosis [for details of the methods see Keshavan et al. (20)]. About 178 previously untreated patients with psychosis were evaluated with a thorough medical, neurological and psychiatric evaluations. Of these, 162 were diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (104 males; 24.8 + 7.81 years), and 16 were diagnosed with other psychotic disorders (12 males; 34.72 ± 9.24 years). Patients were recruited from the in-patient and out-patient services of the Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh. All subjects were interviewed by experienced clinical raters (Debra Montrose PhD, Kevin Eklund RN or Elizabeth Radomsky PhD) using the Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, fourth edition (DSM-IV) (21). Diagnoses were derived by consensus diagnostic evaluations and were formally confirmed after at least 6 months follow-up. These patients were aged 15–45 years, had minimal prior exposure to neuroleptics, and met the DSM-IV criteria for a non-organic psychotic disorder. Exclusion criteria were significant neurological or medical illness, mental retardation as diagnosed by DSM-IV, head injury with loss of consciousness, current substance abuse or substance dependence within the previous 6 months. All participants provided informed consent after full explanation of the study. The study was approved by the University of Pittsburgh Institutional Review Board.

Involuntary movements were evaluated by an experienced clinician Kevin Eklund, RN), trained by the senior investigator (Matcheri S Keshavan) using abnormal involuntary movements scale (AIMS). Executive dysfunction was examined using the perseverative errors on the Wisconsin Card Sort Test (WCST). The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms and the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms were completed close to the time of the neuropsychological evaluations without knowledge of the findings from cognitive investigations. Similarly, neuropsychological testing was done blind to knowledge of clinical ratings. Correlational analyses were conducted using Spearman rank-order correlations.

Results
AIMS scores were elevated (0.43 ± 1.6) in the schizophrenia patients compared to the other psychoses (0.25 ± 1). We found the rate of involuntary movements (score of 1 or more on any of the anatomical item of AIMS) to be 10.49% in the subset of 162 patients with first-episode Schizophrenia, which contrasts with 6.25% in the group with other Psychoses. No correlation was found between the AIMS scores and the positive symptoms (ρ = 0.11, p = 0.13) or the neurological soft signs (ρ = 0.92, p = 0.36). The negative symptoms showed a strong correlation with the AIMS total score (ρ = 0.24, p = 0.001), which is in consonance with the results found in previous studies (5). The AIMS total score was positively correlated to the perseverative errors on the WCST, in those patients in whom (n = 136) the data were available (ρ = 0.19, p = 0.04). This correlation remained significant if only patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were included in the analyses (ρ = 0.17, p = 0.047).

We found increased AIMS scores in a small proportion of previously untreated patients with first-episode psychoses suggesting that IMs might be at least partially, a disease-induced state-dependent change, independent of the effect of antipsychotic medications. AIMS scores were correlated with negative symptoms (but not positive symptoms) consistent with prior literature (9); a novel observation is that IMs correlated with increased perseverative errors on the WCST. The perseverative errors in the WCST and their relationship to IMs (albeit small but significant) point towards the possible involvement of the prefrontal and striatal structures (which are implicated in the executive function deficits) in the pathogenesis of the IMs in psychotic disorders.

The strengths of this study include a relatively large sample of minimally treated patients with first-episode psychosis who were well characterised with psychopathologic and neurocognitive assessments. However, our study was limited by the absence of AIMS data in a group of well-matched controls. Future studies need to confirm these observations and systematically examine the relationship between IMs and neurobiological indices of frontostriatal pathology in the early course of psychiatric disorders.


This study characterized wood liquefaction by the fractal geometry method. Chinese fir ( Cunninghamia lanceolata Hook.) fine powderwas liquefied under various conditions of phenol-to-wood ratio (3:1, 4:1, and 5:1), catalyst content (4, 6, and 8%), and temperature (130, 150, and 170°C). The surface fractal dimension of liquefiedwood residueswas determined at different liquefaction time levels (30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180min) by software based on the cubic coveringmethod. The relationship between fractal dimension and residue content was examined quantitatively. Results indicated that 1) surface fractal dimensions of liquefied wood residues were between 2.27 and 2.30 under all liquefaction conditions; 2) surface fractal dimension was inversely related to liquefaction time, and it decreased faster at early liquefaction stages; 3) surface fractal dimension was inversely related to phenol-to-wood ratio, catalyst content, and liquefaction temperature; and 4) the relationship between surface fractal dimension and residue content could be described by a linear function with high R 2 values. This study provides a new alternative to the arsenal of wood liquefaction characterization methods and also sheds light on some fundamental aspects of wood liquefaction research.


: The corrosion rates and products for depleted uranium (Tuballoy), U-4.5 wt% Nb, U-6 wt% Nb, U-8 wt% Nb, U-7.5 wt% Nb-2.5 wt% Zr (Mulberry), and U-10 wt% Mo were measured in ASTM ocean water at 26°C, lN hydrochloric acid (HCl) at 26°C, and O.lN HCl at 70°C. The six alloys tested, listed in order of in creasing corrosion resistance to ocean water, are: Tuballoy, U-4.5 Nb, U-6 Nb, U-8 Nb, Mulberry, and U-10 Mo. In lN HCl at 26°C the alloys, in order of increasing corrosion resistance, are: Tuballoy, U-4.SNb, U-6 Nb, U-10 Mo, Mulberry, and U-8 Nb. In O.lN HCJ at 70°C the positions of U-8 Nb and Mulberry are reversed from those given for lN HCl.


Patients with schizophrenia are reportedly 3.6 times more likely to experience childhood adversity than the general population and manifest higher rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Schizophrenia patients struggling with PTSD show greater social and occupational functional impairments than those without PTSD; however, frequent substance-use, cognitive, and other psychiatric comorbidities complicate our understanding of the contribution of PTSD per se to interpersonal and occupational …


This paper analyses optimal monetary policy using a structural model of the economy that allows for the effect of changes in asset prices on aggregate demand. The important feature is that monetary policy is assumed to affect output and inflation not only directly via firms' level of investment but also via consumption through realized capital gains. Solving the Central Bank's dynamic optimization problem, we derive an optimal interest rule where nominal interest rates are set according to concurrent inflation and the output gap. When wealth effects are considered though, the optimal response to inflation is lower, as compared to the conventional Taylor rule.


People marry for different reasons; some marry for love, companionship, the desire to procreate or social security; others just marry for money. The law should provide spouses that are innocent of any marital misconduct with financial protection at the end of the marriage. At the same time, the law ought to make sure that nobody benefits from a marriage that he or she has wrecked through marital misconduct at the expense of another. Section 9 of the Divorce Act 70 of 1979 seeks to achieve this by providing for forfeiture of patrimonial benefits. Over the years, our courts have clarified the application of this provision. However, some questions remain. Is it sufficient only to have regard to the duration of the marriage, the circumstances that gave rise to the breakdown of the marriage and substantial misconduct? Should our courts not look to other factors? Should section 9 not apply when a marriage ends through death under questionable circumstances? This article seeks to address these questions.


In Spring 2020, due to the rapid spread of COVID-19, all educational institutions in Latvia, including the University of Latvia (UL), transitioned from face-to-face on-site learning to remote learning. After a short period of face-to-face on-site learning in autumn, UL returned to remote learning in November for the second time. This paper investigates the UL students' perspectives on remote teaching and learning at the UL during the first and second COVID-19 periods. The research assesses several remote study organization aspects, including the lecturer's and student's digital skills, their access to information and support during the study process, planning and implementation of the study process, and students' acquisition of the content. The study used an original questionnaire designed in the Spring 2020 semester. Seven questions from the first questionnaire were included in another follow-up questionnaire distributed in the Spring 2021 semester. A total of 2248 UL students from the Spring 2020 semester and 742 students from the Spring 2021 semester participated in the study, representing 13 faculties across all study levels. The survey responses were collected via a QuestionPro survey platform and then downloaded into an IBM SPSS 28 file for a reliability check. Next, descriptive statistical analyses were conducted for each reported survey item using Microsoft Excel 2016. The research presented here implies that, in general, students perceive positive improvements in almost all the investigated aspects of the organization of the remote study process when comparing the first and second COVID-19 periods, which could indicate a certain level of resilience in students and university lecturers when subject to COVID circumstances. However, the results reveal that students have, in one year, developed a more realistic approach in assessing their digital skills. The results lead us to believe that remote on-line learning is not just a short-term solution but could become a valuable element for providing qualitative education in the long term. It could indicate that the students and lecturers at university are ready for new and sustainable higher education study organization solutions in the future.


Women electing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) report higher symptom burden but have lower computed tomography (CT) scores. Gender‐specific analysis of outcomes from ESS therefore merits further study. The objective of this work was to study gender‐specific differences in outcomes from ESS for CRS by analyzing preoperative and postoperative 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) scores.


Towards twenty-first cenfury, many of company's transaction activities were
automated to computerized system consistent with information system development.
The Web Base Housing System for Cygalland Sdn. Bhd was developed specially for
helping the company in its housing promotion management with efficient and systematic
techniques. This system are hoped to work out the operation such as booking,
promotion, data storing, retrieving data and recording data. This system is based on Web
E methodology.UML as a software development method and Hypermedia techniques is
used for system construction. The language used is the ASP (Active Server Pages) and
Microsoft Access is used for database software. Using the combined methods,
techniques and paradigm, the system work smoothly and give benefits to developer.It is
also user friendly and covers all the software development criteria.


Using a smooth triangulation and a Riemannian metric on a compact, connected, closed manifold M of dimension n we have got that every such M can be represented as a union of a n-dimensional cell and a connected union K of some subsimplexes of the triangulation. A sufficiently small closed neighborhood of K is called a geometric black hole. Any smooth tensor field T (or other structure) can be deformed into a continuous and sectionally smooth tensor field T1 where T1 has a very simple construction out of the black hole.


There are three aspects of collision avoidance in the air which require mathematical investigation: (a) discovery and evaluation of the risk; (b) the remedial manœuvre; (c) the probabilities associated with (a) and (b).


Experiments were undertaken to investigate the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of a range of macro- and micronutrients in rainbow trout using three external digestibility markers (chromic oxide, acid insoluble ash and titanium dioxide, alone or in combination), and three methods of faeces collection (modified Guelph system, St-Pee system and abdominal massage; hereafter referred to as 'column', 'collect' and 'strip', respectively). For each method of faeces collection, three replicate tanks of fish were acclimated for 5 days to a practical diet containing the external marker followed by 5 days of faeces collection. Both marker type and collection method significantly influenced ADC estimate in a similar manner for dry matter, protein, nitrogen-free extract, ash and energy. The ADC was consistently highest for the column and lowest for the strip methods of collection, and titanium dioxide gave higher ADCs vs. the other markers. Lipid ADC did not differ between the column and collect methods, but collection of faeces by the strip method gave lower ADCs, irrespective of marker type. In general, nutrient ADC was higher with the combined markers than when single markers were employed. The influence of marker type and collection method was less clear for the individual minerals studied.


Review(s) of: Coast to coast: Australian stories 7957-/952, selected by Ken Levis, Illustrated by William Constable, Angus and Robertson, 1952. 16s.


Electrical conductivity of a thin dielectric film has been analysed at high temperature in both time and frequency domains (TD/FD). Two disturbing ionic space-charge phenomena have been highlighted in two different temperature ranges and a correlation of their electrical signature between TD and FD is carried out. These two phenomena were related to the thermal activation of ions coming from two different trap levels (shallow and deep traps). We validate here also the fact that the FD method is a powerful way to estimate the dc conductivity in dielectric solids at high temperature thanks to a better discrimination of ionic contributions and injection phenomena.


The methods of extraction and the utilization of lignin were introduced in this paper.The extraction and the utilization benefited not only the utilization of resources,but also environmental.


Deforming resistance is capability of material resisting deform.It is mostly parameter of calculating rolling force and deforming powre,and indispensably term of drawing up technics file and controlling rolling mathematic model by means computer.This paper factly measure deforming resistance of pure Al,and got significant results.


Superconducting materials were Bade by ouenchlng supersaturated solutions of V-Ga and Nb-Al, deforming the quenched specimens, and then precipitating the A15 phnse by aging at intermediate temperature. The cri tical current characteristics of the product materials depend both on the inherent properties of the Ali phase, which presumably reflect its compositln-i, and on the details of the precipitation process, which determine the grain size, contiruity, and volume fraction of the A15. These features of the precipitation process dif fer qualitatively between V-Ca and Nb-Al. They are described and used to intprpret the critical current characteristics.


The invention discloses a multipurpose small rectification system for a laboratory. The multipurpose small rectification system comprises a feeding device and a rectification tower connected to the feeding device in series. The top of the rectification tower is orderly connected to a condenser and a return tank. A liquid outlet end of the return tank is connected to two pipes, one of the two pipes is provided with a return pump, has a liquid outlet end connected to the top of the rectification tower and is a return pipe, and the other one of the two pipes is connected to a top material tank and is a product pipe. A material outlet at the tower bottom is orderly connected to a bottom material pump and a bottom material tank by pipes. The rectification tower comprises a tower bottom, a tower body and the top of the tower. The tower bottom is connected to the bottom end of the tower body. The top of the tower is connected to the top end of the tower body. The tower body comprises multiple tower sections, each two adjacent tower sections are detachably connected by a connection section, and each one of the tower sections is filled with a filling material. The multipurpose small rectification system can realize industrial production-simulative continuous rectification in a limited space of a laboratory, can carry out a normal-pressure vacuum rectification test, a common continuous rectification test and an extraction rectification test and satisfies requirements on a plurality of tests in the laboratory.


power is one based in the realm of the symbolic. Geddes's investigation of the interrelationship between power and interpretation suggests ways that readers can extend the story's exploration of interpretive power to their own lives, probing how a dominant perspective on socially contested issues is typically legitimized by power. Geddes's third chapter, on "The Metamorphosis," is similarly structured around a close reading of the story (at which Geddes excels). Again, although the basic argument that Gregor's body becomes a site of contested interpretations will not surprise scholars or advanced students of this well-known story, Geddes's nuanced analysis tugs out some illuminating insights. Focusing on the ways in which Gregor's transformed body functions as a "hermeneutically disruptive text" (94), she asks, "What happens when we are confronted by something that falls outside of, or does not fit, our categories?" (75). Geddes suggests that forcibly compelling or choosing interpretive closure is "morally culpable," an act that involves "ignoring, forgetting, repressing or erasing aspects of a text that trouble such a decision" (77). She concludes this chapter by exploring how even Todorov's astute reading of "The Metamorphosis" insists on an end to the hesitation evoked by the uncanny. Geddes's final chapter, on "In the Penal Colony," examines the shifting poles of inattention and attention in the text, especially the explorer's, to uncover this story's critique of the "disastrous results of inattention" (111), targeting both the officer's deliberate misinterpretation of the prisoner's pain and the explorer's "striking lack of engagement and psychic investment" (133). Her coupling of this analysis with discussion of the work of Levinas works well here; reminded by Levinas of the impossibility of ascribing meaning to another's suffering, readers can more fully grasp the horrors of Kafka's story and uncover its critique. Although some Kafka scholars might quibble that Geddes doesn't do quite enough to contextualize her analyses within other critical approaches or engage enough with the nuances of Kafka's German, this book is an intriguing invitation to think anew about these well-known texts. Geddes offers suggestive readings that would work well in a classroom, helping students develop a kind of hermeneutical toolkit that could then be applied to the study of other Kafka texts. Her work reminds us, too, of how much interpretation matters: "That our attempts to interpret a text or a person can be destructive should give us pause and cause us to reflect on what we do as scholars involved in interpretive activity; that engaging in interpretation can be an important form both of resistance against violence and of engaging in the world more fully should give us impetus to succeed" (138).


The multimedia-assisted teaching is a powerful tool for students to learn mathematics and solve problems.This paper discusses how to use multimedia to change the traditional mathematic teaching method.


Peer-to-peer (P2P) networking came from a family of technologies and techniques for organizing distributed applications that takes advantage of the resources available at the Internet edges. In this paper, we propose an innovative P2P system architecture, called CBRBrain, to implement the content based routing (CBR) service over the backbone routers instead of at the terminal hosts. Hence CBRBrain avoids some drawbacks in previous P2P systems and significantly improves the efficiency and security. Data locating process is easily implemented on CBRBrain by associating a hashed key with each data item and storing the (key, address) pair in routers. The cost for topology update is neglectful since the routers is almost static in the Internet and is not affected by the frequent joining and leaving of hosts at all. The traffic generated by CBRBrain system over the Internet is also expected to be significantly smaller as compared with the other P2P systems. The logical topology of CBRBrain backbone can be any self-routing structure to enable the content based routing service. In the paper, we recommend to construct the underlying logical topology based on the pseudo-balanced de Bruijn graph, since it has many nice properties such as bounded degrees, low diameters and fault tolerance. As an illustration, we describe the mechanism of P2P file sharing application under CBRBrain architecture. Our work is a first step in building an intelligent backbone of the next generation Internet and facilitates the emergence of various intelligent applications over the Internet besides P2P file sharing


Abstract Midgut malrotation is a surgical emergency usually seen in the first weeks of life. It presents with duodenal obstruction and bile emesis; the signs may be intermittent or minimal. The advantages and limitations of plain films, barium enema studies, and gastrointestinal studies were reviewed in 77 patients with malrotation; volvulus was seen in 65. Additional experience was gained from a questionnaire among members of the Society for Pediatric Radiology. Barium enema studies were preferred by 39 respondents. The upper gastrointestinal series was useful in defining extrinsic duodenal obstruction, but was difficult to interpret if the patient was asymptomatic when studied.


1 Coordinator of the PFP Guidelines on physical activity 2 Chairman of the PFP Editorial Board 3 Secretary of the PFP Editorial Board 4 Member of the PFP Editorial Board (Polish Paediatric Society) 5 Expert of the PFP Editorial Board (Polish Cardiac Society) 6 Member of the PFP Editorial Board (Polish Diabetes Society) 7 Member of the PFP Editorial Board (The College of Family Physicians in Poland) 8 Member of the PFP Editorial Board (Polish Society for Atherosclerosis Research) 9 Member of the PFP Editorial Board (Polish Society of Internal Medicine) 10 Member of the PFP Editorial Board (Polish Cardiac Society) 11 Member of the PFP Editorial Board (Polish Society of Hypertension) 12 Member of the PFP Editorial Board (Polish Society of Neurology) 13 PFP Coordinator 2008 (Polish Society of Hypertension)


The Plain River Network Region (PRNR) is the important economic region in China due to its high population density, abundant resources, and intensive industry. With development of urbanization and industrialization,a series of problems on water resources and environment have arisen, such as river-blocking, lake shrinking, flood threat increasing , water pollution worsening and drought resistance lacking , which have resulted in significant adverse effects on flood control, water supply, and ecology health. The new idea of the Interconnected River System Network (IRSN) will be of significance to optimize water resources allocation, abate water pollution, improve the environment, and further to alleviate adverse impacts of human activities and climate change. In this paper, the different cases of IRSN encompassed three main categories,i.e., the easing water shortage, improving water environment, and promoting comprehensive function, were comprehensively reviewed. Results indicate that 1) the water transfer projects play a fundamental role in guaranteeing water supply for city and industry production and agriculture yield, and have been interconnected river network for multi-source water supply, ecological restoration, and environmental improvement; 2) With the development of society, the IRSN Should have multiple objectives not only single function; 3)The IRSN will expand to include benefits of flood control, water supply, and the environment. The key issues of the IRSN strategy in PRNR were discussed as follows: connected demand and premise of the IRSN plan should be demonstrated; the basic requirement should be satisfied; the connected pattern should be chosen according to local conditions; and the guaranteeing system should be built. Theory and technical studies on IRSN projects in the PRNR should be strengthened, especially on water cycles mechanism, trend forecasting and scientific adjustment, water resource allocation, and river health and risk management.


Wireless local area networks (WLAN) are balanced to enable a variety of delay-sensitive multimedia applications, due to their flexible and low cost infrastructure. However, existing wireless networks provide only limited, time-varying quality of service (QoS) for delay-sensitive, bandwidth intense, and loss-tolerant multimedia applications. Fortunately, video transport can cope with a certain amount of packet losses depending on the sequence characteristics and error concealment strategies. Consequently, video transmission do not require complete insulation from packet losses, but rather that the application layer cooperate with the lower layers to select the optimal wireless transmission strategy that maximizes multimedia performance. This article focuses on a QoS cross-layer optimization based on both application layer and MAC layer features, in the transmission of H.264 video streams over WLAN.


Service quality in a hotel is a very influential on guest satisfaction. The better of the service quality provided the higher the level of guest satisfacation. This study aims to (1) find out how the services at the Niagara hotel parapat (2) to know the satisfaction of guests at the hotel Niagara Parapat (3) to determine the effect of service quality to guest satisfaction at the hotel Niagara Parapat. The sample in this study was 100 people, drawn from the number of guest population at the Niagara hotel by using the accidental sampling technique. Technique of collecting data of this research using questioner. The classical assumption test uses the normality test, multicollinearity test, and heteroscedasticity test. Data analysis technique used in this research is Multiple Linear Regression Analysis. Hypothesis Testing, Multiple Determination Coefficient Analysis (R2). Based on the results of the study known: there is a significant positive effect on the quality of service to the guest papacy at the hotel Niagara Parapat, shown by the results of multiple linear regression analysis Y = 3.341 + 0.306 x1 + 0.012 x2 + 0, 205 x3 + 0.388 x4 + 0.166 x5 + e. F arithmetic (43, 587)> F table (2,311) with significant (0,000) <0.05. The value of coefficient of determination (R2) is 69.9% and 30.1% is separated by other factors not included in this regressi model.


The research is devoted to the features of the skin structure and its derivatives in various stages of development of the fetus and newborn. It is found that the elements of tail glands appear in the third month of fetal development, in a period from four to five and a half months there is a development of all elements of the skin, including tail glands. At birth the histological structure of skin and gland is in final form.


This paper studies the military emergency logistics information construction. Firstly, the concept of the military emergency logistics information is put forward. And then, the sense of the military emergency logistics information construction is introduced. This paper regards building compatible military -civilian logistic information flat roof as the key of military emergency logistics information construction. And the principle, anticipated target, main function, construction tasks of the military -civilian flat roof is introduced. Based on these, the system composition is designed.


In Ayurveda disease are mainly classified into two types i. e. Nija and Agantuka. Covid 19 is fatal respiratory disease caused by Novel Corona virus is declared as epidemic with higher mortality rate. Rajayakshma one of the Aupasargika vyadhi caused by various Hetus, leads toOjokshaya has similar sign and symptoms of covid 19. Panchakarma therapy has curative aspect as well as preventive for many disease by improving immunity. So, the Panchakarma mentioned in Rajayakshma may be used as preventive measure for Covid 19. As there is no confirmed treatment available, it will helpful in treatment of Covid 19. From classical text references further clinical researches in this area would be helpful.


Greenhouse cultivation needs an accurate modelling and an optimised control system to ensure an adequate microclimatic condition for plants. It represents a complex task due to the high number of input factors. For this reason, an improved intermediate modelling was established under the platform of the MATLAB/Simulink environment to simulate the energy balance and the fuzzy logic controller (FLC) in order to promote a suitable microclimate through the control of the relevant actuators which have been installed in the greenhouse. In addition, the control of the system has been improved through the integration of the Internet of things for data monitoring and recording in real time. The system was designed, prototyped, and tested in Tunis province of Tunisia. Our contribution through this work represents the implementation of the FLC on a Raspberry Pi 3, and the management of the agriculture through the use of a digital innovation (IoT). All this has allowed us not only to supervise, control and reduce the energy cost of electrical load but also to improve the productivity and quality of the greenhouse cultivation.


THE SYNTHETIC STEROID DESOXYCORTICOSTERONE ACETATE (D.C.A.) IS now uSed extensively as partial or complete replacement therapy in adrenalectomized animals and in patients with Addison's disease. Considerable evidence suggests, however, that its physiological action is not identical in all respects with that of the natural cortical extract. For instance, its action on the kidney of both the intact and adrenalectomied animal in conserving Na and Cl and releasing K is even more powerful than that of cortical extract (1–5). By virtue of this renal action, the serum Na concentration has, in some cases, been elevated above normal (3–6). Also, the serum K concentration has, by large daily doses given over a considerable time interval, been appreciably lowered, to the point at which toxic symptoms appear(3–5).


OF THESIS THE EFFECTS OF PARENTAL DIVORCE AND REMARRIAGE ON EMERGING ADULT'S ROMANTIC ATTACHMENT STYLES This study shined light on the gap in literature about the impact of communication and involvement of stepparents has on emerging adult's romantic attachment styles. A sample of 289 college students between the ages of 18 and 22 at the University of Kentucky was recruited to complete an online survey about their perceived experience with their stepparent and parental figures and the effects on their romantic attachment styles. Parental involvement in children's lives and having good communication, sets the foundation for individuals to have secure attachment styles. Emerging adults who experience parental figures and stepparents as being uninterested or passive in their relationship experience have higher anxious and avoidant attachment styles. These findings inform therapists about the importance of recognizing attachment injuries when dealing with individuals and supports the need for all parental figures to be involved in their child's life and have positive communication skills.


The problem of finding maximum flow in network graph is extremely interesting and practically applicable in many fields in our daily life, especially in transportation. Therefore, a lot of researchers have been studying this problem in various methods. Especially in 2013, we has developed a new algorithm namely, postflow-pull algorithm to find the maximum flow on traditional networks. In this paper, we revised postflow-push methods to solve this problem of finding maximum flow on extended mixed network. In addition, to take more advantage of multi-core architecture of the parallel computing system, we build this parallel algorithm. This is a completely new method not being announced in the world. The results of this paper are basically systematized and proven. The idea of this algorithm is using multi processors to work in parallel by postflow_push algorithm. Among these processors, there is one main processor managing data, sending data to the sub processors, receiving data from the sub-processors. The sub-processors simultaneously execute their work and send their data to the main processor until the job is finished, the main processor will show the results of the problem.


: This paper presents a new method to reduce the standby leakage power consumption using the body bias and pin reordering technique for nanometer-scale CMOS circuits. The proposed method, unlike the conventional reverse body biasing (RBB) technique, considers gate leakage to minimize the negative effects of the existing RBB approach. This minimi-zation of the negative effects can be achieved by intelligently applying proper body bias to the appropriate CMOS network based on its status (on- / off-state) with the aid of a pin reordering technique. Experimental results on ISCAS ' 85 benchmark circuits show that the proposed method can achieve improvements in terms of leakage power savings that range from 16% to 38% when compared with the previous works. lighted the problems and limitations associated with existing approaches. To solve these problems, we presented the leakage-aware body biasing technique to minimize the leakage power consumption of nanometer-scale CMOS circuits in standby mode. The experimental results show that the proposed method improved the effectiveness of body biasing for leakage power reduction, con fi rming that the proposed method is an effective alternative method to the RBB technique.


Background and Purpose— Our aim was to determine the relationships between angiographic collaterals and diffusion/perfusion findings, subsequent infarct growth, and clinical outcome in patients undergoing endovascular therapy for ischemic stroke. Methods— Sixty patients with a thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI) score of 0 or 1 and internal carotid artery/M1 occlusion at baseline were evaluated. A blinded reader assigned a collateral score using a previous 5-point scale, from 0 (no collateral flow) to 4 (complete/rapid collaterals to the entire ischemic territory). The analysis was dichotomized to poor flow (0–2) versus good flow (3–4). Collateral score was correlated with baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, diffusion-weighted imaging volume, perfusion-weighted imaging volume (Tmax ≥6 seconds), TICI reperfusion, infarct growth, and modified Rankin Scale score at day 90. Results— Collateral score correlated with baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (P=0.002) and median volume of tissue at Tmax ≥6 seconds (P=0.009). Twenty-nine percent of patients with poor collateral flow had TICI 2B–3 reperfusion versus 65.5% with good flow (P=0.009). Patients with poor collaterals who reperfused (TICI 2B–3) were more likely to have a good functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale score 0–2 at 90 days) compared with patients who did not reperfuse (odds ratio, 12; 95% confidence interval, 1.6–98). There was no difference in the rate of good functional outcome after reperfusion in patients with poor collaterals versus good collaterals (P=1.0). Patients with poor reperfusion (TICI 0–2a) showed a trend toward greater infarct growth if they had poor collaterals versus good collaterals (P=0.06). Conclusions— Collaterals correlate with baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, perfusion-weighted imaging volume, and good reperfusion. However, target mismatch patients who reperfuse seem to have favorable outcomes at a similar rate, irrespective of the collateral score. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01349946.


In this paper, the inelastic buckling behavior of the beam under uniform bending was investigated using the energy-based method, which can tackle problems in fourth order eigenvalue. The pattern of residual stress was not available to satisfy the I-sections manufactured in Korea. however; therefore, the well-known polynomial and simplified pattern of residual stress was adopted in this study. The inelastic lateral-distortional buckling behavior of the beam with I-sections manufactured in Korea was investigated. The study was then extended to the inelastic lateral-torsional buckling of the beam by minimizing the out-of-plane web distortion. The inelastic lateral-torsional buckling results obtained in this paper were compared with the prediction of allowable bending stress given in the Korean steel designers' manual (1995). Results showed that the importance of inelastic lateral-distortional buckling did not arise for beams under uniform bending. Likewise, the design method in KSDM (1995) was proven to bo too conservative for intermediate and short spans of beams without intermediate bracing.


Wacker represent some ways that Emmett connects historic Pentecostalism with the flourishing of African-led Pentecostal movements. The book's abundant details about theological and interpersonal affairs at the CEM could be strengthened with additional political context from the 1910s through 1964. Emmett notes that the Belgian government outlawed African religious gatherings that were not supervised by European or American missionaries. He also cites the missionaries' continued legal recognition as a reason given for continuing the CEM after the former colony gained its independence. Brief historical background about the delay in extending legal recognition to the Pentecostal Church of Congo would help readers understand how the religious debate intersected with the complicated political transition. Additional descriptions of the labor conditions in the Belgian Congo would also help Emmett present a fuller analysis of the African evangelists and their perspectives. He mentions cotton cultivation and remote mining work with few explanations of how and why local ministries changed in reaction to these types of colonial labor requirements. The corporal punishment that officials used to sustain forced labor seems relevant to the rift between the CEM and Shalumbo, one of the most fruitful Pentecostal ministers of either nationality. The brutal legacies of the infamous Congo Free State regime and previous centuries of slave trading echoed in this African evangelist's "humiliation" when a missionary whipped his brother (219). By minimizing his references to the political context, David Emmett keeps readers engaged with the religious priorities of the CEM until the 1960s when the religious implications of Congolese independence seemed impossible for the missionaries to avoid. This approach feels accurate to most of his source material, which tended to compartmentalize the African Christian influences that Burton championed during his career. Future research on Protestant missions to the Belgian Congo will benefit from Emmett's style of incorporating African voices as it indicates options for complicating and even decentralizing the missionaries' perspective.


The ethics of the Hindus is based on a three-fold scheme of spiritual life that comprises the stages of sociality, subjective morality and the life absolute and transcendental. The different stages of sociality has been represented in a scheme of varnasramadharmas, i.e, duties relative to one's varna or social class and one's asrama or specific stage in spiritual discipline. Thus, the varnasramadharmas comprises the ethics of sociality as well as the ethics of individual capacity. Besides these, there is also a code of common duties or sadharanadharmas which every man must observe whatever his social position or individual capacity. Thus, these duties are considered as the duties of universal scope and validity.


Abstract The diversity of the subgenus Panophrys within the genus Megophrys has been revealed to be extremely underestimated from southeastern China. Herpetological surveys coupled with extensive sampling in a longitudinal mountain belt located in southeastern China resulted in the discoveries of six new species of the subgenus Panophrys. Furthermore, the new discoveries support the findings of "micro-endemism", "sympatric phenomenon" and "sympatric but distant phylogenetically" which appear to be common among Panophrys species, and also indicates that the Asian horned toads would be good candidates for studies on speciation and biogeography, and additionally emphasizes the conservation difficulties of these toads.


is unsound. Studies may have methodological flaws, such as the use of a poorly chosen control group, which make them difficult to interpret. Furthermore, it is difficult to generalize even from perfectly conducted single-case studies with positive results. On the other hand, well conducted randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have produced results of sufficient authority for clinicians to change their practice. For example, although thrombolytic drugs have been used in acute myocardial infarction since as long ago


INTRODUCTION The mechanisms underlying successful putting are not yet completely understood. As compared with the complexity of the full swing, the movement requirements in putting seem to be limited. Surprisingly, even for many PGA Tour players, consistent putting is a problem, and very often the short putts are even more challenging. More than that, movement disturbances occurring in golf such as "yips" are more often found in easy shots such as putting. The problems involved in learning and executing a smooth and consistent putting stroke might be better understood if the mechanisms behind motor learning and motor control are considered. Our research suggests that many putting problems are related to an elevated level of movement control as a consequence of the obviously high precision demands.


DISClAImER : all information contained in the report was collected from the participants and epca does not guarantee the accuracy thereof nor can it be held liable in case it is not. participants have guaranteed that information relating to cases summarised in the report was in the public domain and did not consist in sensitive business information. epca did not check the individual compliance with competition rules of cases summarised nor can it be held liable if all or part thereof would violate competition rules. competition law compliance is the individual responsibility of the individual companies concerned. 3 note on competition law 6 1. Management Summary 9 2. Introduction 13 2.1 european chemical industry – a major Force under Threat? 13 2.2 clusters & competitiveness 14 2.3 The epca study 15 3. Presentation of the ARRR and Tarragona chemical clusters 17 3.1 Definition of chemical clusters 17 3.2 presentation of the arrr and Tarragona clusters 20 3.2.1 arrr cluster 20 220.127.116.11 antwerp subcluster 22 126.96.36.199 rotterdam subcluster 24 18.104.22.168 rhine ruhr subcluster 27 22.214.171.124 rhine main subcluster 30 3.2.2 Tarragona cluster 30 4. Interview results 35 4.1 arrr 35 4.1.1 advantages of the arrr cluster 35 Caselet: The benefits of co-siting: the Rotterdam 36 chlorine case Caselet: MultiCore pipeline in the port of Rotterdam: 38 a common infrastructure to the benefit of all INDEx 4 4.1.2 Disadvantages of the arrr cluster 39 Caselet: Asset pooling between LSPs in the Antwerp 41 cluster: the Oiltanking/Stolthaven collaboration Caselet: Benefit from cluster synergies via vertical 42 collaboration: the LBC/Ertisa case 4.1.3 obstacles to overcoming cluster disadvantages 43 Caselet: Horizontal LSP collaboration in the Port of 44 Rotterdam-Pernis Combi Terminal 4.1.4 opportunities for horizontal cluster collaboration 45 Caselet: ComLog – Common Logistics Procurement: 47 an example of both vertical and horizontal cooperation Caselet: The challenge of multi-company infrastructure 49 investments: the EPDC case 4.1.5 opportunities for vertical cluster collaboration 52 Caselet: Joint consortium in the cluster: the CLA 54 initiative 4.1.6 Who should lead the development of the cluster? 55 Caselet: Proactive site leadership: the INEOS Ethylene 57 Oxide case 4.2 Tarragona 58 4.2.1 advantages of the Tarragona cluster 58 Caselet: Dixquimics Pipe Rack 59 4.2.2 Disadvantages of the Tarragona cluster 60 Caselet: Multimodal Container Terminal 62 4.2.3 obstacles to overcome cluster disadvantages 63 Caselet: Water supply in Tarragona 64 Caselet: Hazardous waste incinerator in Tarragona 65


Background: Cutaneous changes commonly occur in chronic kidney disease (CKD), however, there is limited information on its effect on quality of life of these patients. This study determined the prevalence and pattern of skin changes in CKD patients and their effects on the dermatology life quality index (DLQI) of the patients. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that involved stages 3–5 CKD patients who were examined for skin changes. The effects of the observed skin changes on DLQI were assessed using the standardized DLQI questionnaire. Results: One hundred and five CKD patients participated in the study consisting of 56 males and 49 females with a mean age of 51.93 ± 15.23 years. The prevalence of cutaneous changes was 94.3%. Common skin manifestations were pallor 99 (94.3%), hyperpigmentation 58 (55.2%), fluffy hair 55 (52.4%), Lindsay nails 48 (45.7%), and pruritus 44 (41.9%). The effect of dermatoses on DLQI was mild in 34 (32.4%), moderate in 13 (12.4%), and severe in 4 (3.8%).There was no significant association between dermatoses and CKD stage. There was significant positive correlation between DLQI scores and number of skin dermatoses (r = 0.522, P = <0.001), duration on maintenance hemodialysis (r = 322, P = 0.017). There was significant negative correlation between DQOL scores and packed cell volume (r = −0.232, P = 0.022). On multiple regression analysis, number of dermatoses was the only significant predictor of DLQI (P = <0.001). Conclusion: Skin changes occur commonly in CKD patients and significantly affected their DLQI. This study highlights the significant burden that skin changes add to CKD.


s of the 31st Annual Meeting of the British Nuclear Medicine Society MANCHESTER, UK, 29 APRIL TO 1 MAY 2003 Papers for this annual meeting of the British Nuclear Medicine Society were arranged into 14 sessions, together with poster presentations, as follows: Neurology Radiopharmacy Bone and soft tissue Therapy Oncology I Thyroid/parathyroid Lung Physics Oncology II Technologists I Technologists II Young investigator's prize Cardiovascular Governance and audit Poster presentations The organization of these abstracts reflects the arrangement of the papers. 0143±3636/03 # 2003 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins DOI: 10.1097/01.mnm.0000068306.89730.f2 Nuclear Medicine Communications, 2003, 24, 443±479


Two-dimension aluminum assembly was established.Their diameters are all 30 cm.The thicknesses are 5 cm,10 cm,15 cm,20 cm and 25 cm,respectively. The energy spectra of penetrative neutron for D -T source were measured for five different thickness assemblies,as well as the neutron energy spectrum of the source.The uncollided neutron and the penetration ratio were obtained. The experiment shows that the penetration radio slowly changed to the uncollided neutron.The factors of experimental measurement influenced were analyzed.The disagreement between the uncollided neutron and the penetration ratio came from the small angle scatter neutron.


How to avoid the invading of the attack in the biometric system, such as 2D printed photos, gradually becomes an important research hotspot. In this paper, we present a novel descriptor in light field to tackle the issue. Based on the angular and spatial information in light field, the proposed light field histogram of gradient (LFHoG) descriptor is derived from three directions, including vertical, horizontal and depth. Different with traditional HoG in 2D image, the gradient in depth direction is distinctive in light field. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed LFHoG descriptor, experiments have been carried out on light field datasets taken by a Lytro camera. The descriptor can achieve 99.75% accuracy on the user collected dataset, which proves the correctness and effectiveness of the LFHoG descriptor.