This paper presents the design, development, and field results of novel depth-controlled sensor platforms. Called the "Swarming Driftcams," these platforms travel passively in horizontal direction with ocean currents while controlling and profiling depth. These platforms use integrated depth, acceleration, attitude, temperature, and camera sensors to collect data from water column ecosystems. A novel buoyancy engine, using an electrically actuated reciprocating pump, facilitates active depth correction to a maximum depth of 700 m. Embedded computers control data collection, camera, lighting, and depth control. The vehicle contains a combination USBL and acoustic modem for bidirectional communication and surface tracking as well as intervehicle communications. A radio beacon and an Iridium GPS satellite beacon aid in surface location and recovery. In addition, the system has a small form factor, measuring 1 m in total height with a mass of 48 kg. Multiple vehicles can be deployed and tracked enabling increased data collection and the possibility for cooperative sampling strategies within the water column. All aspects of the vehicle hardware are discussed. Preliminary results are also presented for recent deployments into scattering layers in the Gulf of Mexico.


Self-electrooptic effect devices (SEEDs) with both thick (60 AA) and thin (35 AA) quantum-well barriers were studied experimentally. Relevant device properties including responsivity, carrier collection efficiency, switching, and optical bistability behavior are compared. SEED modulator photocurrent and reflectivity data are analyzed and shown to predict S-SEED behavior. A simple yet powerful optical technique for measuring the light utilization efficiency and the carrier collection efficiency eta is described and used to compare different device mesa sizes and barrier structures. The effects of eta on device performance are expounded. For thin-barrier SEEDs, eta is substantially improved, approaching 100%, even at bias voltages approaching zero and for small device structures. >


This paper analyzed about operation environment and policy for US military tactical communication, and security policy and transmission performance of tactical link. It is presented operation communication message and framework, which is supported semi automated force, SINCGARS specification of link layer in operation environment, and analyzed COMSEC policy and application layer security in tactical security policy. Also it analyzed in respect to transmission performance and crypto synchronization detection. Security policy of tactical link and COMSEC is analyzed in respect of crypto device such as AFKDMS, AKMS, RBECS, KIV-7/HSB.


Externalities are a significant feature for recreational tourism. The increase in the specificity of the resource and its significance for the territory may be an additional factor in lowering the requirements for the effective implementation of Coase's idea to solve the problem of externalities. Tourist recreational areas can be an ideal object for implementing Coase's idea of reducing externalities. Given the assessment of environmental quality with the consideration of assimilation potential, it is possible to describe the additional value of changing the volume of environmental pollution for the economic system in the recreational area. The increasing importance of other factors for tourist recreational activities can be factored into the proposed dependency by developing ideas of the assimilation potential of the territory. An approach is proposed for assessing the utility of environmental protection activities in a recreational tourist area which is based on the consideration of changes in the recreational capacities of natural environment and the consequences thereof for the economic system of the territory. The proposed indicator of utility with an adequate assessment of the costs of implementing a project better reflects the cost-effectiveness and results of environmental protection.


This article arises from a research project investigating the effectiveness of safety training on changing attitudes toward safety issues. Followed by the training intervention, was observed that employees job stress decreased. Employees showed less job stress on account of imposing this type of training. The researchers have come to the idea of investigating how safety training can reduce job stress. Yet much attention has not paid on the role of safety training versus job stress. A randomized experience - control study, based on questionnaires completed by 50 employees of an industrial Company in 2010 year, revealed that safety training had a significant effect on attitude toward safety issues and job stress. Mediation analysis also showed that the effects of safety training on the attitudes toward safety issues reduced the job stress. The current finding is important and leads to a potential intervention opportunity. Improving employees attitude toward safety issues by increasing quality of safety training courses, may contribute to decrease levels of perceived job stress.


We look for necessary and sufficient conditions for the
existence of solutions to the minimisation problem

$ (P) \qquad\qquad\qquad $ inf $\int_\Omega f $ (curl $u(x)) dx :
 u \in u_{\xi_0} + W^{1,\infty}_0(\Omega;\mathbb R^3)$
where the boundary data $u_{\xi_0}$ satisfies curl$u_{\xi_0}(x)=
\xi_{0}$, for $\xi_0$ a given vector in $\mathbb R^3$.


Herein, we disclosed a catalytic asymmetric dearomatization (CADA) of tryptamine via tandem [4 + 2] cycloaddition/cyclization with o-azaxylylene in situ generated from functionalized 3-bromooxindole promoted by chiral N,N′-dioxide/Ni(BF4)2.


Preliminary descriptions and analyses of a precision lunar landing using various navigation scenarios are presented. The scenerios assume the Common Lunar Lander (CLL) as a reference mission. Current state-of-the-art or off-the-shelf technology is emphasized to keep mission cost to a minimum—an important driver in the possible funding of future space missions. It is concluded that precision navigation sensor suites are required to meet certain stringent mission navigation requirements.


An infant with features of trisomy lOp syndrome was found to have an abnormal chromosome 10: 46,XY,rec(lO),dup p,inv(10) (pllq26)mat. The infant's mother was heterozygous for a pericentric inversion involving chromosome 10 (46,XX,inv(l0)(pl lq26). The infant's derivative chromosome was apparently produced by meiotic recombination between the inversion chromosome and its normal homologue.


An overview of metal phenolate chemistry is given that highlights the structural and functional diversity of contemporary chemistry between metals from all parts of the periodic table and aryloxide ligands. After a brief overview of synthetic methods, the review is organized using structural characterization, but is not exclusive of non-structurally characterized species. Monodentate and polydentate ligands are described and organized by the type and number of donor atoms. Within each section, the chemistry is further subdivided by the periodic table s-, p-, d-, and f-blocks. Extensive references to the literature are provided for the interested reader.

Keywords:

metal;
transition metal;
phenolate;
aryloxide;
complex;
polymerization;
ring-opening;
biomimetic;
SMM;
SOC


As internet became an indispensable part of our lives, recent advancements in digital technologies, wide adaptation and usage of smartphones and tablets have changed visual media as well as impacting traditional children's books. This article will examine the relation between children's book illustrations and augmented reality applications. It will cover a brief history of existing examples of interactivity in children's books and will conclude with an applied example of augmented reality project.


The authors investigated the behavior of a compressed axisymmetric jet in order to obtain a better understanding of the response of such turbulent flows to compression. Both theoretical and experimental investigations were carried out. The experimental part of the investigation is presented. The evolution of the temperature field was investigated by the cold-wire technique. The kinematic behavior of the jet during compression was studied by LDV measurements. The measurements clearly show the existence of different longitudinal zones of flow compression interaction. A rise of the longitudinal zones of flow compression interaction. A rise of the longitudinal turbulent intensity for x/D>10 was detected for the applied compression, where x is the axial distance from the ejection nozzle and D is the diameter of the nozzle. This rise causes a decrease of about 30% of the relative axial mean velocity.<<ETX>>


This thesis examined the question of whether vicarious learning could occur in a complex motor task on the two-hand coordinator. The hypotheses to be tested were as follows: 1. Initial observation.of an expert model's performance would facilitate a subject's performance so that the vicarious observing group would perform at a higher level on the initial learning curve than would the direct, nonobserving group. 2. A short interpolated rest period would fa cilitate performance in both groups by allowing fatigue to dissipate. A longer rest period would benefit the direct group but not help the vicarious group. 3. Direct practice would contribute the great est amount to performance and vicarious practice would add a smaller amount. Hence, the advantage of the vi carious group would be slight. X ' Hypotheses 1 and 3 were accepted, but hypothesis 2 was rejected. Subjects were 40 college.age males and females. Twenty subjects watched an expert model demon strate the task for 5 minutes before beginning 5 minutes practice themselves. Twenty other subjects began practice


in Recent Years, Due to the Popularity of the Internet, People's Work, Life Rhythm and Efficiency Have Been Improved, and the Interaction and Sharing of Information Have Been Promoted. However, a Large Number of Computers Are Flooding on the Internet, Which Has Become the Reason Why All Computers in the Huge System Are Attacked by the Internet. At Present, Internet Security is Facing Severe Challenges Such as Hacker Attack, Virus Infection and Online Information Disclosure. in Order to Protect the Computer Network System, Various Security Technology Products Including Intrusion Detection System, Firewall and Identity Authentication Have Been Developed. in Addition, the Real-Time Monitoring of Network Security is Necessary. This Paper Proposes the Data Mining Technology Suitable for Internet Intrusion Detection and Optimizes the Hybrid Detection Model of Network Intrusion Detection System.


Part I. Concept and Institution: 1. The conceptual framework 2. The institutional framework Part II. Jurisdiction and Functions: 3. The reporting procedure 4. The inter-state communication procedure 5. The individual communication procedure Part III. Limitations and Evaluation: 6. Limitations and effectiveness 7. Conclusions and recommendations Appendixes.


Although traditional approaches--the ones embodied in CASE tools and modeling frameworks--are appropriate for building individual software components, but they aren't designed to face the challenge...


MY feelings at this moment are very mixed. Naturally, I am very proud to receive the John Fritz Medal, an honor that rightly is very highly regarded in the engineering field. But I have also a feeling of very deep humility, for I know, better than anyone else possibly can, that the engineering accomplishments which this presentation today recognizes were brought about not by me, but by the cooperative effort of the hundreds—yes, thousands—of my associates, most of whom are, or have been, part of the engineering organization of the General Electric Company in which I spent my active business life. I wish all of them could be here today and participate in this recognition, which so largely belongs to them.


available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31930360 Editorial Comment: Most of us will say that combining behavioral therapy and drug therapy improves outcomes in patients with overactive bladder compared to either modality separately. The reference most cited in this report actually refers to a study conducted only in women 55 years old or older. This series attempts to study the same question in men using 3 models for implementing combined treatment, consisting of 1) step therapy with behavioral modification started first, 2) step therapy with drug therapy started first and 3) combined therapy with both therapies initiated at that same time. Outcomes were evaluated at 6 and 12 weeks. Single modality therapy was used in the drug and behavioral groups for the first 6 weeks, followed by 6 weeks of combined therapy. The overall conclusions were that combining behavioral and drug therapy yielded greater improvements in overactive bladder symptoms compared to drug therapy alone but not behavioral therapy alone. VOIDING FUNCTION AND DYSFUNCTION, BLADDER PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY, AND FEMALE UROLOGY 1067 Copyright © 2020 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited. The authors therefore conclude that when using a stepped approach, it is more reasonable to begin with behavioral therapy alone. There are a lot of data in this article. After 6 weeks reductions in 24-hour voiding frequency were 30.5% with combined therapy, 24.7% with behavioral therapy and 12.7% with drug therapy. Weekly incontinence episodes decreased 78.8% in the combined therapy group, 52.9% in the behavioral group and 52.7% in the drug therapy group. After 12 weeks frequency had decreased 32.2% in the combined treatment group, 31.6% in the behavioral therapy group with drug therapy subsequently added and 27.1% in the drug therapy group. Weekly incontinence episodes had decreased by 81.8% in the group that started with combined therapy, 80.9% in the group that started with behavioral therapy and 80% in the group that started with drug therapy alone. The overactive bladder questionnaire score decreased by a mean of 43.7% in the combined treatment group, 42.7% in the behavioral therapy group and 34.7% in the drug therapy group. Patients in the drug therapy group received 4 mg sustained release tolterodine once daily and 0.4 mg tamsulosin once daily. Finally, the average ages in each group were similar, ranging from 63 to 65 years. Alan J. Wein, MD, PhD (hon), FACS Suggested Reading Norton JM, Bavendam TG, Elwood W et al: Research needs to understand self-management of lower urinary tract symptoms: summary of NIDDK workshop. J Urol 2018; 199: 1408. Re: What we Know, What we Don't Know and What we Need to Know C. R. Chapple and S. MacNeil Department of Urology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, and Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom Curr Opin Urol 2019; 29: 378e379. doi: 10.1097/MOU.0000000000000635


This is a response to the Australian Law Reform Commission (ALRC)'s Issues Paper 31, Review of Privacy, which is the first stage in the ALRC review of the extent to which the Privacy Act and related laws provide an effective framework for the protection of privacy in Australia. The submission addresses not only the privacy principles themselves but also some definitional and threshold issues, exemptions and questions of enforcement. A single set of core principles is favoured, but consistency should not come at the expense of higher standards. Some principles need to be revised to remove uncertainty in their application and to overcome the unexpected effect of narrow interpretations by Commissioner's tribunals and courts. The definitions and principles combined should aim to ensure maximum coverage, and exemptions should be strictly limited to where competing public interests can clearly be demonstrated. The submission also makes a case for strengthening principles in relation to purpose justification, anonymity, security breach notification and automated decision making. The problems of forced and bundled consent need to be addressed. There should be a greater emphasis in enforcement on achieving systemic changes with more proactive monitoring and enforcement and encouragement of representative complaints.


Magnetic induction intensity is a crucial factor for determining the effect of electronic anti-fouling technology, while current is an important factor in determining the strength of magnetic induction intensity. The series resistance method is used in an electronic anti-fouling system in order to get the current value in the coil wrapped around the PVC pipe. The peak current in the circuit is obtained by measuring the voltage crossing series resistance, and the magnetic induction intensity in the midpoint of the solenoid coil is calculated by formula. Then a series of experiments are carried out to explore the change rule of current and magnetic induction intensity with respect to frequency, turns, and diameter. At the end of experiments, the results show that current in the coil decreases with the increase of frequency, number of turns, and pipe diameter. Magnetic induction intensity basically does not change with the increase of turns, and it decreases as the frequency and the diameter increase. Through the analysis of experimental data, the excellent processing parameter of the electronic anti-fouling technology is put forward, which provides guidance for the design and manufacture of the control unit.


A number of experiments have demonstrated the considerable potential of behavior modification techniques for improving performance of beginners in sport and physical education. Several books have presented a consistent behavioral analysis of factors that influence the development and maintenance of athletic behavior. From these sources, an approach is beginning to emerge that might be called "effective behavioral coaching." This paper discusses six characteristics that appear to make this approach distinctive and potentially valuable for coaches.


SUMMARY Two normalizing transformations of a Student's t variate are proposed. One is more accurate uniformly than any transformation previously given, while the other is very accurate locally at a prescribed deviate of the standard normal distribution. A NUMBER of authors have suggested transformations that normalize a Student's t variate; some of these are compared in Prescott (1974). Such transformations have several applications: they can be used in the construction of a single test statistic from a number of calculated t values; and they can be included in computer software packages so that, for instance, a t test can be carried out with the need for only a few critical values of the normal distribution to be stored. In view of this latter point, there is a particular need for a transformation that is accurate locally at a prescribed deviate of the standard normal distribution. In this paper we derive such a transformation along with another that is more accurate uniformly than any previously given. Both transformations, like their precursors, can be evaluated easily on a modest electronic calculator.


The aim of the study was to optimize the technique in the backward giant circle prior to a dismount from the high bar using various optimization criteria to determine which best characterized the technique adopted by a gymnast. Ten gymnast trials were captured and used to determine the level of kinematic variability in the gymnast's joint angle time histories. A computer simulation model of a gymnast and high bar was used to optimize the giant circles under three different criteria: minimizing joint torques, maximizing the release window and maximizing success in the presence of kinematic variability. Optimizations to find local (i.e. a solution close to the gymnast's technique) and global solutions were performed using the three criteria starting from the gymnast's technique. All global solutions diverged from the gymnast's technique. However, the local optimum for maximizing success in a noisy environment had a success rate comparable with the global optimum (98% vs. 99%, respectively). It is concluded that the gymnast's technique was characterized by maximizing success at the task despite operating in a noisy environment.


In this article, we present an active control of optimal growth of instabilities in Jeffery-Hamel (JH) flow through the standard wall transpiration control technique. The motivation behind this work is to delay the transition process in converging/diverging JH flows with small angles. We formulate the governing equations and the control model for the JH flow with the parallel flow approximations. In the non-modal stability framework, we have constructed a state space model which incorporates control actuation as periodic suction/blowing of fluid through walls (wall transpiration). The variational method is used to compute the optimal growth of the system. An optimal feedback control gain is obtained (assuming the knowledge of the full state) through linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and feed-backed to the system to suppress the maximum amplification of optimal growth of the instabilities in the flow. We found that the optimally amplified growth in both converging as well as diverging JH flow is reduced after applying controlled wall transpiration. The present study could be the starting step towards the control of non-parallel global instabilities.In this article, we present an active control of optimal growth of instabilities in Jeffery-Hamel (JH) flow through the standard wall transpiration control technique. The motivation behind this work is to delay the transition process in converging/diverging JH flows with small angles. We formulate the governing equations and the control model for the JH flow with the parallel flow approximations. In the non-modal stability framework, we have constructed a state space model which incorporates control actuation as periodic suction/blowing of fluid through walls (wall transpiration). The variational method is used to compute the optimal growth of the system. An optimal feedback control gain is obtained (assuming the knowledge of the full state) through linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and feed-backed to the system to suppress the maximum amplification of optimal growth of the instabilities in the flow. We found that the optimally amplified growth in both converging as well as diverging JH flow is reduced aft...


The important thought of "Three Representatives" by Comrade Jiangzemin is the general principles to guide the work of party building in the new stage. Based on the current national and international situations and the demands made by the situation of the national higher education reform on the development of the national colleges and universities and the fosterage of persons of abilities, this article focuses on expounding the importance of enhancing the work of party building of colleges and universities. It also expounds the idea that it is the most important key to enhancing and improving the work of party building of colleges and universities that "Three Representatives" should be carried out to the following four fields of work: 1. Accelerate the reform and development of colleges and universities; 2. Implement the party's educational policy to train and bring up qualified successors for China socialist cause; 3. Enhance the building of leading groups, contingents of cadres and teachers ethics; 4. Further the originality practice of the ideological and political work of colleges and universities.


One of the simpler manifestations of the role of the vertical phase difference in transferring energy from the glottal airflow to the motion of the vocal folds is the surface wave model (SWM) developed by Titze in 1988. He predicted that the phonation threshold pressure (PTP) should decrease as the glottal half width decreases and as the vocal fold thickness increases, and increase as the tissue damping increases, if no vocal tract is present. Further, his treatment of the SWM predicts that for a given glottal half width, converging glottal shapes should have a higher PTP than diverging glottal shapes. Although some of the experiments done with physical models of the vocal fold mucosa support these predictions, the measurements of the angle dependence of the PTP [Chan et al., "Further studies of phonation threshold pressure in a physical model of the vocal fold mucosa," J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 101, 3722–3727 (1997)] do not follow the expected trend. A recent re‐examination of the SWM found that the diverging‐...


Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has the potential to interact with tissue or cells leading to fast, painless and efficient disinfection and furthermore has positive effects on wound healing and tissue regeneration. For clinical implementation it is necessary to examine how CAP improves wound healing and which molecular changes occur after the CAP treatment. In the present study we used the second generation MicroPlaSter ßH in analogy to the current clinical standard (2 min treatment time) in order to determine molecular changes induced by CAP using in vitro cell culture studies with human fibroblasts and an in vivo mouse skin wound healing model. Our in vitro analysis revealed that the CAP treatment induces the expression of important key genes crucial for the wound healing response like IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, TGF-ß1, TGF-ß2, and promotes the production of collagen type I and alpha-SMA. Scratch wound healing assays showed improved cell migration, whereas cell proliferation analyzed by XTT method, and the apoptotic machinery analyzed by protein array technology, was not altered by CAP in dermal fibroblasts. An in vivo wound healing model confirmed that the CAP treatment affects above mentioned genes involved in wound healing, tissue injury and repair. Additionally, we observed that the CAP treatment improves wound healing in mice, no relevant side effects were detected. We suggest that improved wound healing might be due to the activation of a specified panel of cytokines and growth factors by CAP. In summary, our in vitro human and in vivo animal data suggest that the 2 min treatment with the MicroPlaSter ßH is an effective technique for activating wound healing relevant molecules in dermal fibroblasts leading to improved wound healing, whereas the mechanisms which contribute to these observed effects have to be further investigated. Citation: Arndt S, Unger P, Wacker E, Shimizu T, Heinlin J, et al. (2013) Cold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP) Changes Gene Expression of Key Molecules of the Wound Healing Machinery and Improves Wound Healing In Vitro and In Vivo. PLoS ONE 8(11): e79325. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0079325 Editor: Michael Hamblin, MGH, MMS, United States of America Received May 13, 2013; Accepted September 20, 2013; Published November 12, 2013 Copyright: 2013 Arndt et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: The MicroPlasTer ßH was developed by the Max-Planck-Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE) and ADTEC Plasma Technology Co. Ltd., Hiroshima and the MPE provided the MicroPlaSter ßH. ADTEC Plasma Technology Co. Ltd. did not participate in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The Max-Planck-Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics contributed to the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript, but had no financial interest concerning the study. Competing Interests: Shimizu and Morfill are holders of the patent for the MicroPlasTer ßH. The MicroPlasTer ßH was developed by the Max-Planck-Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE) and ADTEC Plasma Technology Co. Ltd., Hiroshima and the MPE provided the MicroPlaSter ßH. There are no further patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter the authors' adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials, as detailed online in the guide for authors. * E-mail: email@example.com . These authors contributed equally to this work.


This study focusses on the influence of granite-gravel (washed and unwashed) combination as coarse aggregate on hardened properties of Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC). Granite-gravel combination in varying percentages was used as coarse aggregates to produce SCC while other concrete constituents were kept constant. The experiments executed on hardened SCC were compressive and split tensile strength. Concrete were made using 150 mm cubes and 100 mm × 200 mm cylinders. Data obtained were analysed using graphical illustrations while Minitab was used to model values for the mix proportions. The compressive strength of SCC produced reliable results with a minimum strength of 30.96 N/mm2 for 50% washed gravel at 28 days of which, the strength also increases as curing age increased. The split tensile strength of SCC increases as the curing day increased but decreased as gravel content increased with 50/50 threshold limit. The Surface plots analysis shows that the percentage increase of granitewashed gravel combination as coarse aggregate and curing ages in SCC has significant impact on compressive strength. It can be concluded that granite/gravel combination as coarse aggregates in SCC production is feasible and reliable provided the threshold limits of 50% washed gravel and 30% unwashed gravel are not exceeded.


In the feature space clustering approach to image segmentation, each cluster corresponds to a region in the image. Determination of the appropriate number of clusters (regions) has long been an open problem. In this paper, we apply the Baysian-Kullback Ying Yang (BKYY) Model Selection Criterian on this feature space clustering problem to give an appropriate number of regions in image segmentation. Experimental demonstrations show the results of image segmentation with this automatically determined number of regions.


Social representations theory is evaluated with a view to ascertaining the contribution it makes to the AIDS field. Utilising a primarily European body of research, the various processes involved in social representation formation, and the functions served by social representations, are explicated. Social representations theory's fundamental contribution to the AIDS field is to enhance understanding of how lay people make meaning of the epidemic. Rather than focusing on how individuals process information about risks, the concern is with group-based understandings of health issues. The impetus towards identity protection motivates, and informs the shape of, the social representations of AIDS which emerge in a particular group. IINTRODUCTION. The field of social representations provides a valuable framework for showing how socio-cultural and historical forces impact upon the individual's health-related thoughts and actions. In particular, it allows researchers to identify lay people's common sense assumptions and to examine how these evolve. AIDS has been a major focus within the social representations rubric in the 1980s and 1990s. This is related to the theory's particular concern with the way in which new ideas and events, that confront the public, are integrated by lay thinkers. In addition, there has been a strong tradition of illness research within the social representations framework and the AIDS research is an offshoot of this work. Owing to the scarcity of contemporary, English language texts which cover the terrain of social representations theory, the theory is evaluated in detail in this paper, with a view to highlighting its relevance to the AIDS field. WHAT ARE SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS? The field of social representations is concerned with the explanations which people give for phenomena which they encounter in the social world. The objective of the approach is the systematic study of common sense thinking. The originator of the theory, the French social psychologist Serge Moscovici states its purpose: "These are the questions then to which we hope to find answers: What goes on in people's minds when they are faced with life's great enigmas such as illness ...? How do the systems of social representations ... come into being and then evolve?" (Moscovici, 1984a:941).


Communicated by Piotr Kielanowski Abstract. Combining the ideas of causality and the phenomenology of resonances and decaying states, we modify standard quantum theory by changing one of its axioms. The first step was taken decades ago when Dirac kets were given a mathematical meaning as functionals on a Schwartz space, which led to a Gel'fand triplet in which observables were represented by an algebra of continuous operators. The second step, motivated by the analytic continuation to complex energies for the S-matrix and the two Lippmann-Schwinger kets, distinguishes between prepared in-states-vectors and detected out-vectors. This leads to the pair of Gel'fand triplets realized by Hardy functions of the upper (for prepared states) and lower (for detected observables) complex energy plane. Replacing the Hilbert space axiom of quantum mechanics by the Hardy space axiom, one obtains a mathematically consistent theory that unifies resonance and decay phenomena and that has a causal, asymmetric time evolution.


The index of the anti-static water pressure is one of the important factors of waterproof and moisture-permeable fabric. Several measuring methods for static water pressure are introduced and compared in this paper. Mullen testing is suitable for coated or laminated waterproof and moisture permeable fabric. A research direction to imporve the fabric quality and to develop the fabric product is also outlooked.


In this paper, synchronization of drive-response complex dynamical networks with fractional-order dynamical nodes is discussed. Only scalar signals as the feedback variable are required to be transmitted from the driving network to the response network, which can save a lot of channel resources and has more significant meanings in engineering applications. Based on the Jordan canonical transformation method, some criteria for synchronization of fractional-order drive-response complex dynamical networks are given in the form of normal algebraic inequalities, which can greatly decrease the original computational effort. Finally, a numerical simulation is provided to validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed synchronization criteria.


Allow improved access in the network via cooperation and energy savings (ALLIANCES) is a recently proposed cooperative random access protocol for wireless networks that capitalizes on the broadcast nature of the wireless channel. When a collision occurs, a set of nodes forms an alliance and retransmits the collision signal that they heard. The initial collision and retransmissions provide the diversity that is exploited to resolve collisions and, thus, attain high throughput. In this paper, we modify the original model to include node location information. We derive pair-wise error probability (PEP) under a Rayleigh flat-fading channel and a power-law attenuation environment. Based on the PEP analysis, we propose a location relay selection scheme that achieves significant bit-error-rate gains as compared to the random relay selection scheme in the original ALLIANCES.


University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. January 2009. Major: Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering. Advisor: Professor Jun Zhu. 1 computer file (PDF); x, 97 pages. Ill. (some col.)


A frica has been in the international news mostly for the wrong reasons and notably in the recent past for famine, the HIV/AIDS pandemic, civil wars, and increasing poverty. It is common knowledge that the continent is rich in natural resources, but its people continue to languish in absolute poverty. Some factors that could explain this are corruption, unequal distribution of wealth, poor planning, lack of respect for the rule of law, manipulation by developed countries, civil wars, illiteracy, and the current HIV/AIDS pandemic. All these factors have worked in synergy to reverse the little gain the continent had made in the early 1970s.

Most African countries have welcomed recent debate (such as that at the G8 summit in Gleneagles, Scotland, in July of this year) on increased aid and debt relief to impoverished nations by the world's leading industrialised countries. It is important to note, however, that such pledges have been made before, and yet poverty levels have increased. Rich nations, and G8 nations in …


When large software is maintained for decades, code quality often gradually decays, increasing costs for future change requests. As counter measure, many development teams installed static analysis tools. Nevertheless, their code quality does not improve in the long term. We present a cost-effective approach to apply static analysis successfully as quality assurance technique. We evaluated the approach with several industrial case studies.


The inertial sensor (IS) front-end electronic (FEE) is one of the key subsystems in the laser interferometer space antenna (LISA) pathfinder (LPF) satellite. The front-end circuit of the IS FEE sensing channel, consisting of the transformer and transimpedance amplifiers (TIAs), is considered to be a critical part of the design. Asymmetry of this circuit would produce the sensing offset and provide wrong information to the control loop, which would incorrectly position the spacecraft. Also, the imbalance of this circuit could introduce multiplicative noise to the sensing output. In this paper, a detailed mathematical model of the transformer and TIAs is derived, and a new symmetry adjustment method is proposed based on the analysis of the model. The suggested adjustment method is verified on the prototype circuit designed at ETH Zürich, and the experimental results show that the suggested method can accurately adjust the circuit symmetry and greatly reduce the sensing offset.


In surveying a period of music history such as the Classic Era, which for the past several years has witnessed an explosion of knowledge, a dramatic increase of available source materials, and a drastic rethinking of long-held assumptions, it is admittedly difficult to make categorical statements of any kind.' Present conditions notwithstanding, writers can still maintain correctly, on the whole, that in most of the independent movements encountered in the instrumental works of Haydn, Mozart, and other composers of the late eighteenth century, the tempo and meter indicated at the beginning of the movement are to be retained throughout.2 In fact, only in the slow-introduction-Allegro complex, the variation, and the rondo do changes of meter and tempo appear to occur with any frequency. To confine the investigation to the works of Mozart, of an approximate total of 141 finales in rondo form, twenty-three contain alterations of meter and/or tempo for some relatively substantial segment of the structure, e.g., an entire reprise or couplet.3 Looking at these twenty-three rondos, which span the period 1764 to 1787 (with nineteen concentrated between 1772 and 1785), I suggest six somewhat overlapping classifications into which individual


of Study 1 Study design A non –randomised continuous retrospective cross sectional and observational study Objective 1) To evaluate the results of nonoperative treatment of symptomatic lumbar pars stress injuries or spondylolysis in sporting as well as non sporting individuals 2) To determine the factors responsible for non-operative method of managing symptomatic lumbar spondylolysis in young population 3) To evaluate the outcome in different types of sports 4) To establish the role of compulsory non-operative treatment for symptomatic lumbar spondylolysis in sporting individuals Summary of Background Data The treatment and management of symptomatic spondylolysis in sporting populations is mainly based on observation rather than experimental study. Conservative treatment in the form of bracing and avoidance of sports for at least three to six months has been recommended. Excellent or good results following bracing and physical therapy have been observed in 80% patients. Criteria for return to sport are dominated by symptom led decisions. Methods The research was carried out as a qualitative, descriptive and analytic study with a non-randomised cohort of patients investigated for spondylolysis in a single centre. A total number of 123 patients treated conservatively following confirmation by imaging studies (SPECT,CT or MRI scans) as having stress fractures of the lumbar pars interarticularis (PI) ranging in age from 8 to 35 years have been selected for the study. All patients attending the Back pain clinic has to follow a protocol of filling up the VAS, ODI and SF-36 questionnaires as a part of their assessment. At the time of the study these questionnaires along with the Back Pain & Sports Questionnaire (BPSQ) were sent to all but only 123 patients responded who were included in the study 1. The background data contains gender, age, date of onset of symptoms with current limitation in sport, pain in flexion or extension, type of sport, level of sport and length of treatment.


The management of foot disorders in diabetes requires the expertise of a wide range of specialists, including physicians, surgeons, chiropodists and nurses in addition to diabetologists. This book attempts to define the minimum requirements for a diabetic foot service. For example, how many chiropody sessions are needed per week in a given health region? What facilitites are required, and what equipment? Who should teach patients how to look after their feet, and how much time should be devoted to this? How can patients at risk be identified? How often should patients be screened for evidence of neuropathy or peripheral vascular disease? What would be the costs of a comprehensive foot service, and would the results justify the expense? The book also provides an up-to-date review of knowledge of the causation of diabetic foot disease. It constitutes a comprehensive textbook of modern diabetic foot care including pathogenesis and all aspects of investigation and management. Its multidisciplinary authorship and practical approach will make it essential reading for all involved in the care, management and education of patients with diabetes.


Pablo Bujosa Rodriguez, writer and director Josep Lluis Sert: A Nomadic Dream Ale Produccions, Oberon Cinematografica, La Periferica Produccions, and IFFI Productions, 2013, 73 min., http://www.jlsertfilm.com/videos

> I have my life divided in chapters that carry names of cities: Barcelona, Paris, New York and Boston—a nomadic life with too many changes—but no dull moments.
>
> —Josep Lluis Sert
On 20 May 2015 the Graham Foundation screened Josep Lluis Sert: A Nomadic Dream , a film written and directed by Pablo Bujosa Rodriguez. This screening, which took place in Chicago, was only the second time the film had been made available for public viewing in the United States. The first screening was presented in 2013 at Harvard University's Graduate School of Design, where Josep Lluis Sert served as dean from 1953 to 1969, to commemorate the thirtieth anniversary of his death (Figure 1). MAS Studio, a Chicago-based firm directed by Iker Gil, cosponsored the second screening, and Gil introduced the event. The screening coincided with the publication of the "Legacy" issue (issue 25–26) of MAS Context , a quarterly journal dedicated to expanding conversations about architecture. In this issue, MAS Context defines legacy as "the buildings, places, books, ideas, and proposals that have left or will leave a strong mark on our urban environment." The issue features an essay on Sert by Alexandra Lange, "Never-Loved Buildings Rarely Stand a Chance: Josep Lluis Sert in Cambridge," that serves as an introduction to current thinking about Sert and his legacy, which are further developed in the film.

Figure 1
Josep Lluis Sert ca. 1968 (Photo: Fundacio Joan Miro / Arxiu Josep Lluis Sert).

With regard to Sert's architecture, defining its legacy entails special consideration because Sert's work has been lauded by the architectural community but not universally appreciated by the general public. Lange references Otile McManus's 2003 essay "Why the Public (Still) Hates Peabody Terrace" and claims that …


A methodology is proposed for the systematic and accurate modeling of electromagnetic field interactions in geometries with curved boundaries using the Finite-Difference Time-Domain method. The methodology utilizes a Lagrangian approach to solve a modified set of Maxwell's equations on a map of the physical domain, for which all boundaries are parallel to a Cartesian coordinate system. Hence, a rectangular Yee's lattice can be used for the spatial discretization of Maxwell's equations. The proposed scheme avoids the need for the staircase approximation of curved boundaries and provides for enhanced accuracy in a systematic manner. The proposed methodology is validated through its application to the modeling of wave propagation through the two-dimensional geometry of a non-uniform section of a parallel-plate waveguide formed by the cascading of two exponential tapers.


This article provides background information on the development of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) recommended provisions for precast and prestressed concrete structures under seismic regulations. In the subsequent articles the specifics of the proposals concerning precast concrete seismic force resisting frames and structural walls and unstopped diaphragms will be discussed.


The existence of asymptomatic gonorrhea, the difficulties of clinical diagnosis, and the risk of uteroadnexial gonococcal infection following abortion prompted a campaign to diagnose N. gonorrhoeae among women seeking abortions at the Center for Pregnancy Interruption in Tours. 1446 women aged 14-46 years were examined between October 1981 and December 1982. Women having positive cultures received antibiotic treatment for a week and the abortion was not performed until a negative culture was obtained. 15 women, or 1%, had positive cultures. 1 of the 15 positive cases, but only 45.8% of patients overall, were 26 years old or younger. 10 of the 15 cases but only 37% of all clients were nulliparous. 12 of the 15 cases but only 38.6% of patients overall were single, divorced, or separated. 1 of the 15 cases belonged to a "non-active" social category of unemployed, students, and women without professions, compared to 45.5% of all clients. 13 of the cases had no clinical signs of genital infection but 3 of their partners had urethritis. 2 cases had purulent leukorrhea. Leukorrhea was suspected in 8.6% of the women with negative cultures. This practice should be adopted in all abortion centers because of its simplicity and low cost.


The invention provides a modular smart television with modules independently replaceable and updatable, comprising an application processor mainboard, a display panel, a high-capacity storage and a motion sensor. The application processor mainboard receives video information from a network, decodes the video information and outputs the decoded information to the display panel for displaying. The high-capacity storage is connected with the application processor mainboard and is used for storing local video programs. The motion sensor is used for receiving motion information and outputting the motion information to the application processor mainboard. Application software control in the application processor mainboard is converted into a corresponding motion game or motion control signal; the side of the modular smart television is internally provided with a plurality of slots; the application processor mainboard, the high-capacity storage, the motion sensor and the like are inserted into the different slots. The modular smart television has the advantages that using is more convenient, storage speed is higher and user experience is better.


The construction industry is one of the main producers of greenhouse gasses (GHG). Quantifying the amount of air pollutants including GHG emissions during a construction project has become an additional project objective to traditional metrics such as time, cost, and safety in many parts of the world. A major contributor to air pollution during construction is the use of heavy equipment and thus their efficient operation and management can substantially reduce the harm to the environment. Although the on-road vehicle emission prediction is a widely researched topic, construction equipment emission measurement and reduction have received very little attention. This paper describes the development and deployment of a novel framework that uses machine learning (ML) methods to predict the level of emissions from heavy construction equipment monitored via an Internet of Things (IoT) system comprised of accelerometer and gyroscope sensors. The developed framework was validated using an excavator performing real-world construction work. A portable emission measurement system (PEMS) was employed along with the inertial sensors to record data including the amount of CO, NOX, CO2, SO2, and CH4 pollutions emitted by the equipment. Different ML algorithms were developed and compared to identify the best model to predict emission levels from inertial sensors data. The results showed that Random Forest with the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.94, 0.91 and 0.94 for CO, NOX, CO2, respectively was the best algorithm among different models evaluated in this study.


This study investigates the understanding or degree of compliment strategies for college learners of English in different situations. 75 college...


Service activities in the community in the form of socialization awareness of healthy living and advocacy make creative products using domestic waste aims to provide skills to the public regarding the management of household waste into environmentally damaging waste and can be used to make a variety of creative products of high value. Besides these activities also aim to provide an understanding and knowledge of the importance of raising the awareness of health and living a healthy lifestyle, create and encourage people to adopt healthy life. The target audience for the activities of PKK PPM is Mayasopa villages totaling 26 people. Socialization and mentoring are done by lectures, demonstrations, discussions, and exercises with frequently asked questions. The availability of sufficient expertise in mentoring and socialization creative product making healthy lifestyle, the enthusiasm of the participants, the support of the Village, RT, and RW to the implementation and support of STKIP Singkawang fund is supporting the implementation of this PPM activities. The constraints faced by the participants are yet to have prior knowledge about the making of the product and determine the implementation schedule of activities because trainees have busy each of them work in the fields, gardens and more. The benefits can be obtained by the participants of this PPM among others, can .memahamipentingnya health and a healthy lifestyle at the same time adopting a healthy lifestyle. Moreover, this activity provides awareness on the PKK in the Village Mayasopa how to take advantage of used goods into a product that can improve the economics of the family.


The present invention proposes a parametric description of a technical system due to aging causes a change in a method for detecting, wherein the operating parameter associated with the detector used in the system. The herein described system and operating parameters produce detectable relationship between the parameters due to aging and the changes caused in the system then calculates the amount or the parameter derived therefrom at any time, as the remaining service life of a fault by loss model or the possibility of quality products.


Background: Evidence suggests that when people with a physical disability are perceived as independent or as exercisers, they are perceived more positively. Objective: This study evaluated how the components of exercise and independence, taken together, moderated stereotypes expressed toward a person with a spinal cord injury (SCI). Method: A 2 × 2 factorial design, with two additional control groups, was used. Able-bodied participants (N = 224) read one of six randomly selected vignettes. Each vignette described a fictitious character named Alex with differing independence status (independent/dependent) and/or exercise status (physically active/unspecified physically activity level). In four of the six vignettes, Alex was described as having an SCI. Participants' stereotypes were assessed by evaluating their perceptions of the character's general competence, physical competence, and warmth. Results: The character described as independent and an exerciser was evaluated most positively, compared with all other vignettes (p < 0.001). Results suggest that independence and exercise status moderate stereotypes of warmth and competence. Conclusions: Findings may have implications for developing future interventions to effectively reduce stereotypes toward persons with a physical disability, such as SCI.


Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) are the eighth leading cause of death worldwide. Globally, there are 1.35 million deaths with 50 million injuries annually. It is important to understand and record how people drive and reflect their driving behavior to combat MVCs. To capture driver's reflection, many studies use self-report instruments. The validity of these tools, however, is debatable because respondents may not provide accurate and truthful responses. Naturalistic driving studies is considered a more accurate method in capturing driving behavior for reflection. One particular effective way to achieve this is through telematics data. This study employed a telematics smartphone application to capture the driving behaviors of young drivers in Qatar. The results revealed that majority of drivers engage in unsafe driving behavior. This implies drivers underrate themselves when using self-reporting techniques. The current traffic enforcement system, which includes road cameras and patrol vehicles, is insufficient. The outcomes of this research suggest the usage of telematics to enhance road safety and possible traffic violation identification.


x. 3). May it not have been in response to the felt absence of the body, that Christ gave expression to the words (Mt 262g), This is my body,' in the institution of His own supper. On other occasions during His ministry He presented Himself as supplying a felt or expressed need. But why did John follow the Sadducean reckoning, instead of writing in harmony with the already published Synoptics ? That he meant to contradict them is hardly credible. The long recognized explanation is evidently the true one. He had a special purpose in view, and that was to emphasize that Christ died at the very time that the Passover lambs were being sacrificed-on the afternoon of the Friday. The contrast was not so apparent in the Synoptics, and so John sets it before us in his Gospel. Paul also grasped the same idea, and in


We discuss three classes of generalized implicit vector equilibrium problems in topological ordered spaces. Under some conditions, we prove three new existence theorems of solutions for the generalized implicit vector equilibrium problems in topological ordered spaces by using the Fan-Browder fixed point theorem.


INTRODUCTION
According to the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), 12% of children and youth living in France (one in eight) suffer from mental disorders. However, the conditions for this population to use mental health services remain poorly explored.Purpose of research: Our aim was to provide a double-statistical and discursive-perspective on the orientation of this population towards public child psychiatry centers (socio-demographic profile, actors who made the requests, reasons for first consultations, difficulties and disorders qualification by parents…).

METHODS
This article is based on a quantitative and qualitative survey conducted in 6 public health centers in Paris: two Medical-Psychological Centers (CMP), two Medico-Psycho-Pedagogical Centres (CMPP), a Part-Time Therapeutic Reception Center (CATTP) and a Psychiatric Day Hospital (HJ). Overall, 581 first call forms and 73 patient files were analyzed (representing 654 children) and supplemented with illustrative interview excerpts from 59 family cases.

RESULTS
Beyond descriptive elements (gender, age, school level, socio-family context, conditions of access to the centers, etc.), this study stressed the high vulnerability of some families, the range of reasons given for initial follow-up as well as the key role of educational institutions in screening and referring the population to mental health care.

CONCLUSIONS
These results open up interesting insights into the early implementation of preventive measures and offer many research opportunities.


of the personalities behind the industry (all mentioned within the text). I was enthusiastic when I learned about this book. It builds on an important idea— how computer infrastructure helps to understand the rise of the Hong Kong economy. I was hoping to find more detail on the use of computers in the control and management of the container terminal port, the ATM network, or the Octopus chip (all of which are only mentioned in passing). Nevertheless, I was pleasantly surprised to find a balance between the different elements that populate this complex industry and detail only where the author can provide an authoritative view. The initiative of Mr. O to undertake this task is commendable, and the book should be a reference and point of departure for any future study.


Superheaters are among the most important components of boilers and have major importance due to this operation in high temperatures and pressures. Turbines are sensitive to the fluctuation of superheaterstemperature;therefore even the slightest fluctuation in the outlet vapor temperature from the superheaters does damage the turbine axis and fins. Examining the potential damages of combustion in the boilers and components such as the superheaters can have a vital contribution to the progression of the productivity of boiler, turbine and the power plant altogether it solutions are to be fund to improve such systems. In this study, the focus is on the nearest tube set of superheaters to the combustion chamber.These types of tubes are exposed to a wide range ofcombustion flames such that the most heat transfer to them is radiation type.Here, the 320 MW boiler of Isfahan power plant (Iran), the combustion chamber, 16 burners and the platensuperheater tubes were remodeled by CFD technique. The fluid motion, the heat transfer and combustion processes are analyzed. The two-equation turbulence model of k-εis adopted to measure the eddy viscosity. The eddy dissipation model is used to calculate the combustion as well as the P-1 radiation model to quantify the radiation. The overheated zones of superheater tubes and the combustion chamber are identified in order toimprove this problem by applying the radiation thermal shields and knees with porous crust which are introduced as the new techniques.


Mechanical resonances are used in a wide variety of devices; from smart phone accelerometers to computer clocks and from wireless communication filters to atomic force microscope sensors. Frequency stability, a critical performance metric, is generally assumed to be tantamount to resonance quality factor (the inverse of the linewidth and of the damping). Here we show that frequency stability of resonant nanomechanical sensors can generally be made independent of quality factor. At high bandwidths, we show that quality factor reduction is completely mitigated by increases in signal to noise ratio. At low bandwidths, strikingly, increased damping leads to better stability and sensor resolution, with improvement proportional to damping. We confirm the findings by demonstrating temperature resolution of 50 \mu K at 200 Hz bandwidth. These results open the door for high performance ultrasensitive resonant sensors in gaseous or liquid environments, single cell nanocalorimetry, nanoscale gas chromatography, and atmospheric pressure nanoscale mass spectrometry.


CircRNA expression profile and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA crosstalk in allergic rhinitisTo the Editor,Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic multi-factorial inflammatory disease, with a prevalence on the rise in China1. CircRNAs, a newly discovered family of endogenous non-coding RNAs, function in various biological processes2. For instance, circRNAs are involved in neuronal activities, tumor development, and innate immune responses, inflammatory diseases3-4. However, the roles of circRNAs in AR remain unclear. In this study, using high-throughput sequencing (HTS), we explored the circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA expression profiles in nasal mucosa from AR patients, and constructed a differentially expressed (DE) circRNA-DEmiRNA-DEmRNA network to illustrate the molecular mechanism in AR.This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and each patient provided written informed consent. Patients and methods are detailed as online data.


In conclusion, we have analyzed a 50 /spl mu/m-core segmented cladding fiber, which is capable of providing single-mode operation from 0.90 /spl mu/m to 1.70 /spl mu/m. We have elucidated the physical principle of the fiber with the radial effective index method whose accuracy has been confirmed with the finite-element method. The effective core area of the fiber is larger than those of any other large-core fiber designs by at least one or two orders of magnitude. We believe that we have opened up a new approach of designing ultra-large-core single-mode fibers for optical communications. The chromatic dispersion of the fiber and its control, as well as the bending loss and other practical issues are being studied.


In this chapter, we summarize the book by rst listing and analyzing what we view as major milestone studies in the recent history of developing the deep learning based ASR techniques and systems. We describe the motivations of these studies, the innovations they have engendered, the improvements they have provided, and the impacts they have generated. In this road map, we will rst cover the historical context in which the DNN technology made inroad into ASR around 2009 resulting from academic and industry collaborations. Then we select seven main themes in which innovations ourished across-the-board in ASR industry and academic research after the early debut of DNNs. Finally, our belief is provided on the current state of the art of speech recognition systems, and we also discuss our thoughts and analysis on the future research directions.


We study the problem of finding complete conformal metrics determined by some symmetric function of the modified Schouten tensor on compact manifolds with boundary; which reduces to a Dirichlet problem. We prove the existence of the solution under some suitable conditions. In particular, we prove that every smooth compact n-dimensional manifold with boundary, with n ≥ 3, admits a complete Riemannian metric g whose Ricci curvature Ricg and scalar curvature R g satisfy This result generalizes Aviles and McOwen's in the scalar curvature case.


Currently, developing new or more efficient ways of producing bioenergy has caused governments from around the world to formulate compromises. These compromises translate, on a national scale, into government policies and strategies that aim to decarbonize the energy matrix of each country. The first step for efficient development is the quantification and energy-potential characterization of the available biomass. Using this framework, this study establishes the energy potential of the residual biomass produced by agricultural, agro-industrial, and forestry processes in Colombia, with gasification being the selected transformation technology. For this purpose, data from primary and secondary sources were analyzed. Next, some biomasses were prioritized according to their availability and physicochemical properties. Then, the theoretical energy potential of the total biomass produced in these productive sectors was estimated by using its physicochemical properties. The technical biomass–energy potential of the country (204.8–235.3 PJ) was estimated by considering the current level of unused biomass and evaluating the logistics and conditioning requirements of the gasification process, while accounting for the peaks and off-peaks of production in the country. Thus, if all the biomasses were processed in a gasification plant (22.2–24.0% efficiency), as proposed in this study, then the installed capacity—if the plant-use factor was 85%—would range between 1696.7–2111.3 MW. The results of the present research were validated by representatives of unions, companies, and government entities.


The rivers in Taiwan are steep, the surface runoff is rushed into ocean quickly with high speeds and large discharges. When the typhoons hit Taiwan with heavy rain, how to predict correct peak time and peak stage of rivers is the most important aim in this research. Taiwan Typhoon and Flood Research Institute will produce a rainfall forecasting every six hours for disaster warning, according to different physical parameters setting. The research site, Xiuguluan River is steepest one of Taiwan central rivers. By cross section data、 land use、 slope、 soils and the rainfall forecasting, we can get results of each member by integrating the physically based on model HEC-HMS and WASH123D. The research reveals that ensemble numerical modeling can predict precise peak stage of the river by analysis and correction by machine learning system TensorFlow. As for peak time forecasting, it becomes accurate by making use of the open social network information such as facebook、network news、PTT discussion to improve. Moreover, no matter peak time or peak stage, it has highly variation in members. In other words, no member is always the best of typhoons. But we can use the probability flood forecasting to predict and get the best results.


Soon after the formation of the Earth by collisional accretion of planetesimals in the primordial solar nebular, its interior has been differentiated gravitationally to form the central metallic core, silicate mantle and crust, atmosphere and ocean. The sequence of differentiation was very rapid during the formation and subsequent early history, since the interior has been maintained hot by the heating of accretional energy, gravitational energy of core-mantle separation and energy released by the radioactive neclides. The differentiation and interactions between the core, mantle, crust, atmosphere and ocean has been continued throughout the Earth's history less effectively but still a significant way. The mode of interactions between the subsystems of the Earth includes mass transfer (geochemical cycle), electromagnetic interaction, and mechanical interactions such as angular momentum exchange, tidal interaction and convective flows and plate motions. Since these interactions have been maintained by the energy of radioactive nuclides and solar energy, the Earth system can be regarded as disequilibrium dissipated system with highly non-linear behavior. Many rhythmical variations in the Earth environments such as climate change, sea level change, geomagnetic variation, plate velocities and orogeny, volcanic and seismic activities are expected to show signatures of the non-linear dissipative systems. Specifically we expect the period bifurcation phenomena revealed in many non-linear systems would exist in the rhythmical variations in the Earth's history. Here we reviewed the spectrum structures of galactic motions, solar activities, orbital motions of the Earth and planets with special reference to the Milankovitch cycles, the Earth rotatonal variation, geomagnetic variations, variations in the atmosphere and ocean phenomena, climate change, meteoroid impact and mass extinciton episodes, and then revealed nature of multi-sphere interactions in the Earth's history in the frequency domain. Some future problem to explore the nature and mechanisms in the multi-sphere interaction and evolution of the Earth were discussed.


Teneurin C-terminal associated peptides (TCAP) are a family of bioactive peptides found on the terminal exon of the four teneurin genes. TCAP-1 is found within brain regions that modulate the activity of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), which is the principal neuropeptide regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. TCAP-1 has suppressive effects on CRFinduced anxiety behaviours in rats. However, previous studies determined that TCAP-1 does not act directly on the CRF receptors (CRFR). Thus, I postulate that TCAP-1 may act centrally to modify elements of the HPA axis. Using an immortalized mouse hippocampal cell line, I tested the hypothesis that TCAP acts either downstream of CRFR activation, or on the regulation of the glucocorticoid receptors (GCR), which modulate CRF actions. These studies indicate that TCAP-1 represents a novel peptide in the regulation of stress related systems, which acts independently of either CRF-, or glucocorticoidmediated signal transduction and transcription.


Recently, Kusano [1] 2 ) has established the maximum principle for quasilinear elliptic equations of the general form, and as its application, he has given a uniqueness condition for solutions of the equation (1.1). We will here show that the uniqueness of solutions may be established under a weaker condition, by the method adopted in author's previous note [2]. In this paper, x denotes a point (xl9 x2, , xm) in the m-dimensional Euclidean space, and we use the notations diU for du/dxif and did/n for d u/dxβxj. Furthermore we introduce a differential operator L[v\ u] of elliptic type by the expression


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the existing knowledge system of lean supply chain management (LSCM), i.e. by using main path analysis, and the authors extract the main development track of LSCM. It is advantageous for relevant scholars to deepen their understanding of this academic field from a bibliometrics view to grasp the future directions better.

Design/methodology/approach
Structuring a citation network with the processed data set containing 866 papers and relevant information collected from Web of Science (WoS). Conducting review analyses aiming at the main paths that are extracted from the above citation network.

Findings
There are two different evolution paths in LSCM field, i.e. improving corporate sustainability performance through combining lean and green practices, and seeking the balance between lean and agility to structure leagile supply chain for specific industries. LSCM research studies mainly focus on five aspects: (1) establishment and development of LSCM theory; (2) structuration of lean supply chain; (3) research studies of the relationship between LSCM and corporate performance; (4) supply chain evaluation system; and (5) review and vista of LSCM field. The intersection of two knowledge evolute routes would be Industry 4.0, which is an integrated theory system combining lean, agility, green and other supply chain thinking.

Research limitations/implications
The data set collected from WoS cannot contain all the research studies about LSCM is the main research limitation. Sustainability, as represented by environmental performance, will continue to be a major pursuit of this field. Integrating LSCM in Industry 4.0 will be the next hotspot in LSCM field.

Practical implications
Providing the main research contents and common methods of LSCM field. It is conducive to deepening the understanding of relevant practitioners and scholars to LSCM field from a dynamic perspective.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors' knowledge, it is the first time to reveal the knowledge diffuse trajectories of LSCM under different view with main path analysis. This study is unique that it provides a new view to understand the field of LSCM.


The traditional occupational boundaries of human resources in science and technology (S&T) have quickly blurred in Korea. On the one hand, the knowledge-based economy has emerged and S&T proliferated beyond conventional areas, leading scientists and engineers to advance into various convergence fields. On the other hand, Korea's labor market is characterized by a higher percentage of highly-educated human resources and a relatively smaller number of high-quality jobs. As a result, the highly educated in S&T have flowed over the traditional careers into non-S&T careers. Focusing on doctorates in S&T, this paper analyzes changes in their career patterns and identifies main determinants. Specifically, jobs are categorized into traditional STEM occupations and the others in order to identify fluctuations in their share and to analyze factors affecting such changes. The analyses are based on data from the 'Survey on Careers and Mobility of Doctorate Holders 2012' conducted by the Science and Technology Policy Institute. The results exhibit marked changes in the occupational composition of doctorates in S&T. Occupational diversification has been proceeded faster in natural sciences, the private sector, and the younger generation than in engineering, the public sector, and the older generation.


Using Ebola protein as a target antigen biomarker, a plasmonic nanoparticle based colorimetric assay is designed with a portable optoelectronic readout, showing ~40 pM limit of detection within minutes and at a high specificity.


BACKGROUND In Brugada syndrome (BS), abnormal conduction delay in right ventricle has been reported. However, the meaning of the conduction delay for risk stratification in BS is still unclear. OBJ...


Results of computational and experimental studies in support of the design of a low NO{sub x} oil burner are presented. Radial density stratification is utilized in the Radially Stratified Flame Core (RSFC) burner to reduce the air-fuel mixing in the flame`s near burner flow field and increase the fuel-rich zone residence time in order to reduce NO{sub x} emissions. In the course of the modeling, relationships were established between flow field and flame characteristics in search of an optimal flow pattern leading to low emissions without excessive flame length. The optimal flow pattern was dominated by two internal recirculating zones (IRZ), both produced by the rotating burner air flow. The key burner variables are the radial distributions of the axial and tangential components of the burner air velocity, the fuel spray angle and droplet size distribution. The trends of the modeling data are compared with those of experimental data obtained in full scale tests.


After mild and wet weather during the first weeks of the year, a sharp spell of frost in the middle of February gave several days' skating, and at the end of the month we were visited by the fringe of the great storm of snow and rain which caused such wholesale dislocation of communications in south and west Wales. The weather continued windy and cool till the middle of March, when we enjoyed several days of unbroken sunshine and great warmth for the time of the year. One of these days was the feast of St Gregory, and it will be remembered as one of those days—all too rare in a Downside March—when sunshine and cahn give to the flowers of the early year the perfection of their beauty.


M t /rANY writers in the field of social stratification have criticized the apparent -AN.. V ambiguity in the concepts and research procedures of W. Lloyd Warner and his associates.' Warner's primary technique for social class placement, Evaluated Participation, has been made the special target of critics who have pointed out that its imprecision and subjective character do not lend themselves to replication and validation by independent observers. Several years ago Warner, Meeker, and Eells published a manual2 containing directions for computing an independent measure, an Index of Status Characteristics, which purportedly serves as an index of class placement by Evaluated Participation. This Index, hereafter called the ISC, "may be substituted for the other method (Evaluated Participation) and used largely by itself."3 The utility of the ISC is demonstrated by the presentation of a "conversion table" which translates numerical ISC ratings into their equivalent status levels according to Evaluated Participation.4 The efficiency of ISC ratings in predicting placement by Evaluated Participation is shown by deriving high multiple correlations between Evaluated Participation ratings and the items of the ISC.6 The ISC recommended by Warner is a summation of weights assigned to an evaluation of a given subject's dwelling area, house type, occupation, and source of income. According to Warner:


In this paper, we evaluate the performance of asymmetric Time Division Duplex (TDD) system that employs Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) and Hybrid ARQ, with consideration of the effect of control delays in TDD. Channel reciprocity characteristic in TDD allows utilization of open loop channel estimation to choose appropriate modulation and coding scheme (MCS) level for AMC. However, control delay in AMC and HARQ depends on TDD time slot allocation formats. Large control delay in AMC will result in false MCS selection due to the poor channel correlation between measured channel state from the received signals and instantaneous channel state of actual transmission with the MCS selected based on the measured channel state. We present an analytical approach to calculate the probability of MCS level selection error in different channel conditions for different asymmetric time slot allocations. From the theoretical and simulation results, it is shown that the instantaneous throughput per slot depends not only on maximum Doppler frequency but also on asymmetric slot allocations. Average delay time that yields error free packet reception in the downlink increases as the number of continuous downlink slots increases.


The microelectronic industry is driven by the continuous demand for processing speed and capacity. To answer such demands, novel design paradigms target design automation. While digital design is mostly automatic, design automation in the analog domain is limited and mainly used for high-level synthesis. A promising solution to overcome limitations and constrains of automatic analog design is to involve computational intelligence techniques. This work proposes an evolutionary design methodology to bring contributions to transistor-level design automation. The proposed framework is built around a typical design automation workflow: Feasibility design, Nominal design and Design centering. The Feasibility design layer employs an artificial neural network to generate an initial solution. The following two layers employ genetic algorithms to optimize the amplifier for performance and yield respectively. The proposed design methodology is illustrated on the design of a folded-cascode operational transconductance amplifier and is validated by the results of extensive simulation.


Summary Treatment of H-l or HB viruses with a purified hemagglutination inhibitor derived from human placental fluids induces the formation of large three-dimensional aggregates of virus. Fibrils, 10áR or less in diameter, appear to connect the virus though they may not be the cause of the virus clumping. The placental inhibitor does not affect H-3 or RV viruses. When antibody is added to its homologous virus, aggregates are also formed. These are 2-dimensional and much smaller than those formed by the placental fluid fraction. They are characterized by the presence of fibrils, believed to be antibody, which join the individual virus particles.


Most video understanding methods are learned on high-quality videos. However, in most real-world scenarios, the videos are first compressed before the transportation and then decompressed for understanding. The decompressed videos are degraded in terms of perceptual quality, which may degenerate the downstream tasks. To address this issue, we propose the first coding framework for compressed video understanding, where another learnable perceptual bitstream is introduced and simultaneously transported with the video bitstream. With the sophisticatedly designed optimization target and network architectures, this new stream largely boosts the perceptual quality of the decoded videos yet with a small bit cost. Our framework can enjoy the best of both two worlds, (1) highly efficient content-coding of industrial video codec and (2) flexible perceptual-coding of neural networks (NNs). Finally, we build a rigorous benchmark for compressed video understanding over four different compression levels, six large-scale datasets, and two popular tasks. The proposed Dual-bitstream Perceptual Video Coding framework Dual-PVC consistently demonstrates significantly stronger performances than the baseline codec under the same bitrate level.


2 Introduction According to John Stuart Mill, " Neither one person, nor any number of persons, is warranted in saying to another human creature of ripe years, that he shall not do with his life for his own benefit what he chooses to do with it " (qtd. Dworkin, " Paternalism " 107). Thus Mill champions autonomy above all else in self-regarding cases. And indeed, we have come to treat autonomy as one of our highest values. The value that we confer to autonomy may be traced to various reasons, among them arguments that respecting others' autonomous choices is the best way of securing their welfare, that respecting autonomy creates an environment that promotes individuality and human flourishing (Arneson 481), and lastly, that autonomy is simply part of what it means to be a person, and to deny others' autonomy is to deny them some aspect of personhood (Dworkin, " Paternalism " 117). And yet, autonomy is not our only value. In particular, I will consider the competing value of human welfare and the justifiability of overriding autonomy through paternalistic interferences. For example, are we justified in forcing a life-saving blood transfusion onto an unwilling Jehovah's Witness? On the one hand, the Jehovah's Witness may be exercising her autonomy in refusing to accept the blood transfusion, and we typically wish to respect others' autonomy. Yet at the same time, we may want to override the Jehovah's Witness's autonomous decision on the grounds that her refusal — resulting in death in this case — is bad for her. In order to lay the groundwork for discussing paternalistic interferences with autonomous decisions, I first consider different conceptions of autonomy, welfare, and paternalism, and determine which I mean to use. In particular, I proceed with Dworkin's characterization of autonomy as a combination of authenticity and self-determination; Nussbaum's capabilities theory in order to determine welfare; and a definition of paternalism as being an interference 3 with a subject's liberty or autonomy that is motivated exclusively by consideration for that subject's own good or welfare (" subject " will refer to the potential subject of paternalism). Once I have working definitions for autonomy, welfare, and paternalism, I consider arguments justifying paternalistic interferences. Because I especially wish to determine when paternalistic interferences that conflict with a subject's autonomous decision are justified, I begin with Scoccia's arguments for using hypothetical consent — which is based on what …


HE Myth of Efficient Breach: New Defenses of the Expectation Interest responds to criticisms of the default expectation damages remedy by arguing that critics misunderstand the content of the relevant contract. Despite the authors' admirable display of ingenuity, I am unpersuaded. I will first take some time to reframe their argument and to situate it in the context of disputes over the efficient breach. Then I will offer some reasons why I find their interpretative maneuver unpersuasive.


The Kenyan government more especially the county governments have faced several human resource challenges in devolved government services, including employee turnover and improper management of health workers. The study sought to establish the influence of employee orientation on employee performance in healthcare sectors in Kisii County. The study adopted a survey research design with simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques used identifying respondents for the study. The target population consisted of 498 employees in the Sub-County hospitals in Kisii County. The study sample involved 222 employees. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 25. The data was presented in the form of graphs and tables. The results indicated that there is a positive relationship between employee orientation and employee performance with correlation (r =0.376) with a sample size of N=200. Any change in employee orientation causes a positive correlation value of (0.376) unit change in employee performance. The relationship is statistically significant at Pvalue< (0.01)


In this letter, the Koch iteration technique has been applied to obtain two fractal versions of a folded-slot antenna. A simple folded-slot antenna, first iteration and second iteration versions of a Koch folded-slot antenna were designed, fabricated and characterized on a 30 mil thick RT/Duroid 6002 substrate. The simple folded-slot antenna provides a return loss of 40 dB at the operating frequency of 10.45 GHz and the bandwidth for return loss greater than 10 dB is 1.211 GHz. The return loss of the first iteration of the Koch folded-slot antenna is 34 dB at 8.05 GHz and the bandwidth for 10 dB return loss is 0.4 GHz. The return loss of the second iteration of the Koch folded-slot antenna is 42 dB at 7.9 GHz and the bandwidth for 10 dB return loss is 0.34 GHz


University-based outreach initiatives are a major driver in K-12 engineering education, reaching approximately 600,000 K-12 students in the United States annually. It is widely believed that university outreach programs can increase and broaden participation in engineering study and careers by introducing youth to undergraduate students as engineering role models. However, little research has been done on how students select role models and how to optimize the interactions between young students and university students to increase role model uptake. This paper presents preliminary data and analysis from Role Models in Elementary Engineering Education, an NSF-funded research project that is examining the dynamics between undergraduate students providing outreach and elementary school student participants. This case study of a 5th grade classroom focuses on how dynamics related to sharing personal information, engineering identity, and other interests interact with elementary school students identifying undergraduate engineering students as role models. Introduction University-based outreach initiatives are a major driver in K-12 engineering education. In the United States, an estimated 600,000 K-12 students participate in university-led engineering outreach annually [1]. Reaching students as young as elementary school is important as students form their interests and impressions in engineering and other STEM disciplines early [2], [3], [4], [5] and those interests often decline in middle school [5], [6], [7], [8]. It is widely believed that university outreach programs can increase and broaden participation in engineering study and careers by introducing youth to undergraduate students as engineering role models. To this end, university engineering students are often positioned as role models for the K-12 students they work with. However, to date, little research has been done on how elementary students select role models and how to optimize the interactions between young students and university students to increase the likelihood that they will be taken as role models. The Role Models in Elementary Engineering Education study (NSF DRL-1657519) aims to: 1. Understand the mechanisms that support or thwart elementary students, particularly female students, in taking up engineering outreach providers as role models, 2. Understand the impact of that role model connection on engineering career interest, and 3. Develop resources for university-based engineering outreach programs to support interactions among undergraduate ambassadors and elementary students which promote role model development and uptake. Role model selection is under-researched for this age group; however, work with adolescents suggests that youth choose role models based on their assessment of the potential role model as a representative of engineering [9], [10], as similar to them in some way [2], [10], as appealing [11], [12], and as embodying attainable characteristics [13]. That is, in order for youth to choose undergraduates as engineering role models, these young people must recognize the undergraduates as appealing, emulable representatives of engineering. Role Models in Elementary Engineering Education leverages an existing engineering outreach program, Tufts STOMP. In STOMP, pairs of undergraduate engineering students (henceforth referred to as engineering ambassadors) collaborate with classroom teachers to develop and facilitate weekly hands-on engineering design challenges in elementary classrooms. We present preliminary data from one of the classrooms participating in this study. Methods We took a mixed-methods approach, utilizing quantitative survey instruments and qualitative analysis of interviews and videorecordings of classroom activities. Over one semester, the research team videorecorded the weekly engineering activities, using multiple cameras and audio recorders to capture varying perspectives in the classrooms. We made field notes focusing on interactions between engineering ambassadors and elementary students, and used these field notes to select video segments for close analysis. We administered a Draw an Engineer Test adapted from Knight and Cunningham [14] at the beginning of the semester to capture students' baseline impressions of engineers and engineering. We administered the Engineering Identity Development Scale [15] at the end of the semester to gain information about students' knowledge of the nature of engineering and to gauge their interest in engineering as a career. We examined video and audio recordings and began classifying interactions between undergraduates and elementary students. Finally, we conducted semi-structured interviews with a convenience sample of ten elementary students (based on consent and attendance on the interview date) to understand their choices of role models, career interests, and impressions of the undergraduate engineering ambassadors. Findings Draw an Engineer Test and Engineering Identity Development Scale All consenting students in the class completed the Draw an Engineer Test and the Engineering Identity Development Scale (n=15). The responses suggested that the students in this class had realistic conceptions of engineers and engineering careers. On the DAET, twelve students drew and wrote about an engineer doing engineering, two students' responses were ambiguous (e.g., "the engineer is looking at the wires"), and one student drew and wrote about a non-engineering professional. The Engineering Identity Development Scale responses also indicated that students in this class were knowledgeable about the nature of engineering and engineering careers. Many students in this sample responded "Yes" to prompts asking if engineers solve problems that help people (10 "yes" responses), work in teams (8), use mathematics (10), use science (13), are creative (13), and if there is more than one type of engineer (14). However, no students stated "Yes," they would like to be an engineer, and only one student said they would like to work on a team with engineers. These results suggest that in this case, knowledge of engineering careers does not correspond with engineering career interest. Although students in this class know what engineering is and what engineers do, survey responses suggest most of these students are not inclined to choose engineering careers at this point.


The purpose of this study is to make sure what the stress causes of women's EMTs within the firehouse are, and is to suggest ideas (plans) that are possible to resolve this problem. The reasons are because of difficulties such as not only the overwork at one's tasks, the uncomfortable working environment and circumstances, women's pregnancy, but also shift work or the shift system. It's own ideas about the way to resolve these difficulties are as follows: a separate operation of first-aid department, environmental improvement within a fire house (fire station) via remodeling, activation of substitute man power, alterating women's EMT services into daywork system, mutual encouragement and solicitude among co-workers, reinforcement of the number of the working force to be mobilized, and adoption about the rest year system in employment.


The injection impurity element into ZnO has added new dimension to its versatile applications particularly in spintronics and optoelectronics. In this work, we are reporting effect of non magnetic Ti, and magnetic V impurities in ZnO. The substitution of impurity atoms have been done in ground state wurtzite (WZ) and meta stable zinc-blende (ZB) structure. Our investigations have revealed a small difference in WZ and ZB geometries of contaminated ZnO reflecting on the possibility of their experimental fabrication. Spin polarized electronic structures resembled nonmagnetic nature of Ti:ZnO in WZ and magnetic nature in ZB geometry. Similarly introduction of V in to ZnO induced magnetization in ZnO in both WZ and ZB geometry. For these investigations, we have adapted DFT approach using FP-L(APW+lo) method implemented in WIEN2k code.


To describe transitions in care for older adults with dementia identified from a nationally representative cohort and to describe transition rates in those with more‐severe levels of cognitive and functional impairment.


High-resolution palynological studies across the Cretaceous-Paleogene Boundary (K/Pg) Southern Hemisphere, New Zealand, preformed the last 15 years, have shown the importance of this fossil group when past catastrophic events are investigated (Ferrow et al. 2011 and references herein). The onset of the fern-spore spike, reported from both hemispheres, at this event indicates widespread instantaneous (days to months) destruction of diverse forest communities on land. A thin layer of fungi preceding the fern recovery succession in the terrestrial K/Pg site, Moody Creek Mine, has been interpreted as photosynthesis shut off due to low light indicating that plants and animals in detritus-based food-chains were apparently less affected and perhaps also had an important role to play in recovery after the devastation caused by the impact. Dinoflagellate cyst studies of K/Pg boundaries globally revealed that this phytoplankton group did not experience a mass extinction similar to other primary producers in the oceans, but significant compositional shifts in the dinoflagellate cysts assemblages are observed in connection with the K/Pg event (Ferrow et al. 2011; Willumsen 2011). The uniqueness of dinoflagellates, compared with other marine phytoplankton groups, is their ability to form cysts that can become motile even after a dormancy period of >100 years (Ribeiro et al. 2011). This group also has a wide range of different lifestyles ranging from autrophic, mesotrophic, or heterophic providing them with a number of adaptation abilities. In the southwest Pacific, Southern Hemisphere, New Zealand, the first occurrence of Trithyrodinium evittii is immediately above the K/Pg and during the first approx. 1-2 Ma of the Paleocene period this species dominates the cyst assemblages. The abrupt dinoflagellate cyst assemblage's shifts reflect a much extended recovery period in the marine realm compared with the terrestrial record. Thus, earliest Paleocene acme intervals of T. evittii have also been observed in middle to higher latitudes on the Northern Hemisphere, Nuussuaq, West Greenland and Stevns Klint, Denmark. A sudden abundance of this "warm-water" sea surface species has been interpreted to reflect earliest Paleocene global warming which caused migration of various phytoplankton groups e.g. dinoflagellates and foraminifera. However, globally dinoflagellate migrations patterns still have to be mapped in detail and compared against other paleoenvironmental proxies before the recovery following the K/Pg boundary event is fully elucidated. Ferrow, M., Vajda, V., Bender Koch, C., Peucker-Ehrenbrink, B. and Willumsen, P.S. (2011). Multiproxy analysis of a new terrestrial and a marine Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary site from New Zealand. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 75 , 657–672. Ribeiro,S., Berge, T., Lundholm, N., Andersen, T.J., Abrantes, F. and Ellegaard, M. (2011). Phytoplankton growth after a century of dormancy illuminates past resilience to catastrophic darkness. Nature Communcations 311 , 1–7. Willumsen, P.S. (2011). Maastrichtian to Paleocene dinoflagellate cysts assemblages from Clarence Valley, southeastern Marlborough, New Zealand. Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology 35 , 199 – 240.


This article demonstrates the flaws of EU intelligence agencies the past decade in the field of counterterrorism, in particular regarding Jihadi terrorism. Since 2014 the West European countries fell victim to the violent actions of Islamic State (IS), which has a huge presence on social media, both on the surface web and on the Darknet. The goal is to outline the most important case-studies of Jihadi terrorism that were plotted and carried out by the terrorists and yet, not prevented by the classical intelligence authorities. A political analysis will explain why these attacks have not been thwarted despite the fact that most of the attackers were on the radar of the EU police and intelligence agencies. Recommendations are given how intelligence work on fighting radical Islamic terrorism can be done more efficiently, through Artificial Intelligence (AI). Artificial Intelligence is a game changer for risk management in intelligence as it provides the classical intelligence agencies with tools and AI solutions to identify and mitigate potential risks and prevent Jihadi terrorist attacks from the very first moment individuals start radicalizing.