P ediatric limb lengthening is an exciting and rapidly developing field. The primary goal is to produce healthy regenerate bone of the desired length without complications. In addition, the experience should be as easy and comfortable as possible for the patient and his or her family. Innovative surgical techniques and devices continue to push surgeons closer to being able to consistently achieve these goals. This article, the second part of a twopart review, will cover advances in techniques designed to decrease the healing index and methods to recognize and avoid complications in pediatric limb lengthening. Part 1 (http://reviews.jbjs.org/ content/3/8/e3) covered advances in the preoperative assessment and methods to decrease the time spent in an external fixator.


Background/objectives Long-term testosterone therapy (TTh) in men with hypogonadism has been shown to improve all components of the metabolic syndrome. In this study, we investigated the effects of long-term TTh up to 8 years in hypogonadal men with a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Patients and methods In two urological clinics observational registries, we identified 77 hypogonadal men receiving TTh who also had a history of CVD. The effects of TTh on anthropometric and metabolic parameters were investigated for a maximum duration of 8 years. Any occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events was reported. All men received long-acting injections of testosterone undecanoate at 3-monthly intervals. Results In 77 hypogonadal men with a history of CVD who received TTh, we observed a significant weight loss and a decrease in waist circumference and body mass index. Mean weight decreased from 114±13 kg to 91±9 kg, change from baseline: −24±1 kg and −20.2%±0.5%. Waist circumference decreased from 112±8 cm to 99±6 cm, change from baseline: −13±0.3 cm. Body mass index decreased from 37±4 to 29±3, change from baseline: −8±0.2 kg/m2. Cardio-metabolic parameters such as lipid pattern, glycemic control, blood pressure, heart rate, and pulse pressure all improved significantly and sustainably. No patient suffered a major adverse cardiovascular event during the full observation time. Conclusion In men with hypogonadism, TTh appears to be effective in achieving sustained improvements in all cardiometabolic risk factors and may be effective as an add-on measure in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in hypogonadal men with a history of CVD.


Yoweri Museveni, who took power in a military coup, has subsequently been elected seven times as president, defying constitutional limits. During his four decades in office two rebellions arose in northern Uganda, motivated both by ethnic and regional conflict and by leaders' claims of spiritual authority: Alice Lakwena's short-lived Holy Spirit Movement and Joseph Kony's far more enduring, and far more destructive, Lord's Resistance Army. This chapter recounts the rise of these movements, the reasons for their success, the effects on the region of LRA dominance, and some international entanglements that impeded resolution of the conflict.


The essay deals with the responsibilities of prosecutors, defense attorneys and the court during the Swedish criminal process, during the investigation and during the main hearing. The focus is on responsibility for accurate judgments and for maintenance of the presumption of innocence in relation to innocent suspects who pleads guilty.

The purpose of the study is to determine how the various parties are supposed to act in relation to each other and which efforts are expected from them in order to maintain compliance with the rule of law as required under Swedish law and under the European Convention.

The essay deals primarily with the "fair trial"-rules of the European Convention, prosecutor's objectivity requirements, the defender's liability under the law and good practice and the official jurisdiction of the court.

The essay concludes that the official jurisdiction of the court (in particular its ability to engage in substantive process management), prosecutor's duty of impartiality and the presumption of innocence interacts to make sure that the criminal process is conducted in an objective manner. These principles serve as a sort of minimum guarantees for the suspect's legal security. The suspect's rights are best maintained if he is assisted by a skilled defender.

The essay also concludes that the accusatorial structured criminal process works less well when a suspect wishes to be convicted of a crime he did not commit, because the defender is bound by the instructions of his client on the liability issue. It is also noted that it is unclear to what extent the court should be active in order to ascertain what actually happened.


The paper presents the results of examination and surgical treatment of 389 patients with diseases of the zone, complicated by obstructive jaundice. Causes of jaundice were: choledocholithiasis 40%, the pathology of pancreatic cancer 30%, bile duct strictures 18%, liver disease 7%, acute calculous cholecystitis 5%. For the diagnosis of diseases of hepatopancreoduodenal zone is necessary to use a two-step tactic. Stage I treatment is performed decompression of the biliary tract, which in a number of observations can be the final view of surgical intervention. Radical surgery or stenting of the duct is carried out when the normalization of liver function. Surgical treatment was performed in 311 patients. Cholecystectomy, choledocholytotomia with external drainage through the cystic duct stump or from minimal access laparoscopy was performed in 92 patients. Conservative tactics and mini-invasive measures have proved effective in the majority of cases (91,5%).


Digital watermarking for relational databases emerged as a candidate solution to provide copyright protection of relational data, maintaining integrity of the database information, tamper detection, traitor tracing etc. In this paper, we introduce the notion of persistent wa- termarking that serves as a way to recognize the integrity and ownership proof of the database bounded with a set of queries. It allows the evaluation of the database while applying the queries. We preserve the persistency of the watermark by exploiting two invariants of the database state w.r.t. the set of queries: Stable Cells and Semantics- based Properties of the data. We discuss how we can improve the existing techniques in terms of the persistency of the watermark. Moreover, we propose a novel persistent watermarking scheme that strictly improves the algorithm proposed by Li and Deng. Keywords-Watermarking, Databases, Security


In this study, the efficiency of photosynthetic electron transfer according to LED color temperature was verified in order to find a way to efficiently grow trees under night illumination. The experiment was carried out with White treatment, Warmwhite treatment, and non-treatment with donarium cherry. The study uses to a method for analyzing and evaluating the color temperature of an LED light source by photochemical analysis. We found that all treatments 115 DAT of maximum fluorescence amount (P) had the lowest. In the treatment using white light and the Warmwhite light, the T amount of florescence of the late stage during the transition of the J-I level was increased, and the photosystem I electron transfer efficiency was decreased. Therefore, the electron transport efficiency of RE1O/CS and RE1o/RC were reduced. Especially, compared to Warmwhite, the light intensity increased greatly in the white-light treatment, The PITOTALABS of 7 DAT was the highest value, but it was decreased to the lowest value on 115 DAT. This study has shown that the white treatment was low in electron transfer efficiency and soundness. Warmwhite-light treatments showed lower stress.


My conference experience began with the phrase 'your opinion, as a student, does not matter until you get to postgrad. And your opinion at postgrad level does not count until you're in Masters or PhD.' I cannot remember who exactly told me this in my first year, but it is a belief that seems to be present in many students at tertiary level. So it is needless to say how stressful it was presenting not one, but two papers at the conference (although one was more proposal-based).


Un dia en la vida shows how the process of silencing voiceless groups can be neutralized, making it possible for the Salvatorian peasantry to have access to a type of discourse that narrates their own everyday experiences. This self-representation, a kaleidoscopic testimony, might help them understand their historical transformation.


This article proposed one kind based on the MLP network alarm correlation technique,this technique does not rely on existing expert alarm knowledge,after initial training,can automatically identify the attack scenarios,the initial alarm correlation.By using MLP network to calculate the correlation between construction of alarm probability,real-time alarm graph;genetic algorithm optimization MLP neural network;correlation matrix storage alarm correlation between information;with continuous updating of the incidence matrix to construct the corresponding strategy of attack graph;describe the alarm correlation real alarm graph and attack strategy of construction process;experimental verification the effect of good.


Abstract 3-Azido-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine (1) and 3-azidophenanthro[9,10-e]-1,2,4-triazine (2) are synthesized in high yield (∼75%). 1 and 2 react with triphenylphosphine to afford phosphazenes 5 and 6 with a covalent structure. Reactions of 1 and 2 with trialkylphosphites 3b, c produce phosphazenes 7a, b and 8a, b which have the phosphonium dipolar ion structure, 1 reacts with diethyl phosphonate (4a) to give the phosphoramidate 10a. dissociating to the corresponding amine 11 on reaction with dimethyl phosphonate. Possible reaction mechanisms are proposed for the formation of the new adducts.


The historiography of the Adana Massacres of 1909 is represented by two divergingviews. While some Turkish scholars deny the involvement of the local governmentofficials in the massacres by putting all of the blame on the Armenians whorevolted as part of a conspiracy to establish a kingdom in Cilicia, some Armenianscholars, whose work is overshadowed by the Armenian genocide, accuse the Committeeof Union and Progress (CUP) of acting behind the scenes to destroy theArmenian economic infrastructure in Adana in order to curb any future politicaland economic development in the area. By deviating from the existing historiography, the present article contends that the Adana Massacres should be viewedas part of the revolutionary process which led to the erosion of social and politicalstability in the region, the creation of weak public-sphere institutions, and intensificationof the existing economic anxieties, all of which led to the enactment ofviolence against the vulnerable Armenian population of Adana. Understandingthe factors and the motives that led to the enactment of violence will shed newlight on understanding the future acts of violence perpetrated against the indigenousArmenian population of the Ottoman Empire.


This article explores the challenges derived from the discovery of huge oil reserves under the salt layer, called Pre-salt, poses to Brazilian economy and society. These challenges are technological, but also of economic and institutional nature. The article depicts what these challenges are, focusing on the recent developments in the Brazilian oil industry and analyses these evolutions under the light of debate about "curse of natural resources" and Dutch disease. The Brazilian situation reveals great potential advances in the technological and productive level, with a clear perspective that Brazil will become a great oil exporter. However based on evidences from Petrobras and the oil supply industry since the Pre-salt discoveries, alongside with the institutional evolution, the article points out the risks that the country reproduces some of the problems pointed out by international literature over the curse of natural resources.


Beta 2‐glycoprotein I (β2‐GPI) is a 50 kDa protein in human plasma composed of five repeating complement control protein modules thereby closely resembling complement factor H which has 20 such units. Both β2‐GPI and factor H (150 kDa) have binding sites for negatively charged polyions. β2‐GPI has been shown to act as a cofactor for antiphospholipid antibodies upon their binding to anionic phospholipids. In factor H the polyanion recognition site participates in the discrimination between alternative pathway activating and non‐activating surfaces. In light of the structural similarity between β2‐GPI and factor H we have examined whether β2‐GPI has a role in the alternative complement pathway recognition process. Both activators (zymosan) and non‐activators (sheep erythrocytes) of the alternative complement pathway were coated with C3b. Radiolabelled factor H was observed to recognize C3b on both surfaces, whereas β2‐GPI bound to neither. In competition experiments β2‐GPI could not prevent the association of 125I‐H with either non‐activator or activator bound C3b. Conversely, factor H could not replace β2‐GPI as a cofactor for antiphospholipid antibodies upon their binding to anionic phospholipids. It is concluded that β2‐GPI and factor H, despite similarities in structure, exhibit distinct, non‐overlapping functions.


Cross‐correlating seismic random signals, such as coda waves or ambient noise, at two sites can extract seismic wavefields as if a source is at one site and a receiver is at the other if certain conditions are met (e.g., Aki, 1957; Campillo and Paul, 2003). Given the recent development of dense seismic network, the last decade has witnessed the rapid emergence of imaging Earth's local (Nagaoka et al. , 2012), regional (Shapiro et al. , 2005; Nishida et al. , 2008; Lin et al. , 2011), and global (Nishida et al. , 2009) seismic structures and their temporal changes (Brenguier, Campillo, et al. , 2008; Brenguier, Shapiro, et al. , 2008; Nagaoka et al. , 2010; Brenguier et al. , 2014) from these random signals.

With this trend of research, we fortuitously found peculiar pulses in the cross correlations of the Japanese high‐sensitivity seismograph network (Hi‐net; Obara et al. , 2005) seismic records (Fig. 1). Here, we used one‐month records for January 2012 at 142 Hi‐net stations in southwest Japan. Applying a band‐pass filter of 10–20 s to correlograms reveals sharp pulses at lag times of every 60 s (Fig. 1a). Unfiltered correlograms nicely demonstrate a propagation of Rayleigh waves, but a closer look at locations where no wavetrain is extracted reveals sharp pulses at lag times of every second (Fig. 1b).

Figure 1.
Correlograms of ambient seismic noise aligned along the interstation distance. (a) Correlograms with a band‐pass filter between 10 and 20 s. (b) Unfiltered correlograms of a portion where no extracted wave propagation is expected. (c,d) Same as (a) and (b) but the quantization errors are subtracted from the raw data before cross correlation. (e,f) Same as (a) and (b) but the difference of ZR and RZ correlations is taken without subtraction of the quantization error. The amplitude scales of (c,e) and (d,f) are the same as those of (a) and (b), …


Detection of respiratory viruses by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in children with acute respiratory infection has led to shorter hospital


This article discusses the properties of dance movements. It turned out that they contribute to the effect of excitement both among the participants and among the visual audience, watching the overall picture on stage. So, in today's world, most people experience daily stress - it's problems at work, and family problems, and difficulties in communicating with other people.
And everyone, of course, needs any emotional relief. Some choose meditation, some play the piano, some go to the movies, and some prefer active recreation, namely, dancing. And not for nothing, because this type of activity is very useful for the psychological state of human.
In addition to dance, the change of music and activity of the dancers themselves also contribute to the excitement. Dance is not only a physical activity, but also a form of psychological relief. It is advisable to combine with musical accompaniment, which affects the emanation component of human. Unlike other physical exercises, dances have no age restrictions. Dance classes are safe, do not require special equipment and can take place in a small gym or in nature. Slow smooth movements allow you to establish the proper functioning of the musculoskeletal system, help to concentrate and get rid of stress. Soft steps, smooth hand movements - all this in combination with proper breathing allows you to work not only on the physical level, but also in parallel to perform meditative practices. With the help of dance it is easy to get rid of negative thoughts, forget about problems, relieve symptoms of depression in any current circumstances. All forms of use of dance movements, directions, aimed at emotional and active recreation, entertainment, enjoyment of motor activities, recovery of mental and physical strength. In turn, dance as a psychological relief is a type of psychocorrection, in which during the process of movement (dance) is the integration of social, cognitive, emotional and physical aspects of human life.


The heat costs in distillation columns were determined for the purpose of separating a four-component gas mixture in gas fractionators with various component selection sequences. A method for selecting the optimal scheme was developed. It is based on the concept of "internal energy saving" upon rectification. Internal energy saving means multiple steam operation on the plates of a distillation column, namely, its condensation on each plate with the release of the heat of condensation, which is used for the evaporation of the liquid entering the plate to obtain a new steam composition. It was shown that when binary and three-component mixtures are separated and products of equal purity are obtained, the heat costs are related to the internal energy saving. The calculation of the internal energy saving in a three-column system for the separation of a four-component mixture was carried out. The calculation confirms that, as the internal energy saving increases and, accordingly, the average internal energy saving in the system of columns increases, the total heat consumption is reduced. The results of calculating three separation schemes of the four-component mixture were compared using the program Aspen Plus with different methods for describing the phase equilibrium (NRTL, Peng-Robinson, Chao-Seader) was carried out. It was shown that the calculations with the use of Peng-Robinson and Chao-Seader methods match.


The teacher teaches the area and the Square measure on how to help the student to understand the significance of the area and the establishment of accurate representation of square measure? The teacher must provide the massive material for the students,let the student accumulate perceptual experience,guide the students to refine the essential factors through comparison of the materials,let the students have an accurate junction between the new and old knowledge,perfect the student's cognitive structure and finally turns the teaching process into quality development.


The process experiment of AZ31 magnesium alloy was carried out using the continuous extrusion forming process( CONFORM). The effect of heating temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated. The results show that the effect of heating temperature on the microstructure of AZ31 magnesium alloy is obvious. Grains are uniform and fine in the core region and grain size is inhomogeneous in the surface region when the extrusion of billet is done at room temperature. With the increase of heating temperature,the uniformity of microstructure increases. The grains in the core region have grown up when the billet heating temperature is450 ℃. The grain refinement is obviously realized comparing to billet after CONFORM process. The reason is that the billet suffers multiple deformations during CONFORM process which leads to the grain refinement. The tensile strength increases and the elongation does not change significantly with heating temperature increasing. This is due to that the proper improvement of temperature induces sufficient recrystallization and improves the grain uniformity.


Abstract : Contents: New optical measurements of the diameters of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune; The atmospheric activity of the planet Jupiter; and The activity of Jupiter's atmospheric belts between 1905 and 1963.


In the work we analyse the results of investigations of RuO2-glass based compounds, with regard to their implementation in low temperature thermometry. Based on measurements made down to 0.3 K we have shown that the sensitivity, S = dR/dT, of our sensors is comparable to the sensitivity of commercial sensors. The influence of the magnetic field on the investigated sensors in the range up to 10 T was checked. The magnetoresistance MR = (R0 − RB)/R0 of our v = 10% sample is approximately five times smaller than for the Rox RX-202A Lake Shore sensor (B = 7 T, T = 0.47 K). We present results of investigations of the stability during thermal cycling: resistance changes during cycling lead to differences in temperature indication after a period of time.


Historian Geoff Eley argues that the idea of Europe has contracted from the ideal of a pluralistic community with the potential to integrate cultural "Others" to a "narrowly understood market-defined geopolitical drive for the purposes of competitive globalization."1 Global deregulation, he states, has produced streams of labor migrants and the tightening of Europe's external borders, while the economic expansion of Europe to more member countries since 1992 has opened up new divisions and inequalities among them. Aftereffects from the break-up of the East bloc can be felt in the escalation of antiminority violence in Central and Eastern Europe, as well as "the smouldering slow burn of the legacies of colonialism" in Western Europe.2 These diverse pressures and anxieties coalesce on the spectral figure of the Islamic fundamentalist at Europe's gates. Right populist groups profit from these anxieties by averring that the problem lies not with their own racism, which they strategically disavow, but rather with the caveat of a profound cultural incompatibility of Islam and democracy. They claim that this difference is observable through the ages and therefore immutable, that its invasive potential must be countered by an assertive identitarian nationalism from within "Fortress Europe." In his analysis of far right politics in Austria, political scientist Farid Hafez draws attention to the dominant strategy of anti-Islamic populism: "This is based on a monolithic, not differentiated and homogenous perceived Islam, which is used for construing boundaries and antagonistic confrontation. Islam is seen as inferior, but also as hostile, aggressive and threatening."3 By falsely positing that Muslims hew to a monolithic Islamic identitarianism, European right-wing populists validate their own aggressive assertion of nativist and racist agendas.


As mitigating the climate change has urged to emit dramatically less carbon dioxide,the concept of carbon positive may lead the new tendency of the project development.This paper reviews its process and analyses its possibilities and dialectical thinking in the project development.Taking the exemplary carbon positive project-G.Park Blue Planet as the case,this paper investigates and discusses the principles and strategies in this project.The synthetical guidelines from the project may be applied to the similar projects for the carbon positive.


The self-organization of behavior is both a striking phenomenon in living beings and a challenging objective for autonomous robots. In our earlier work we introduced homeokinesis – the dynamical pendant of homeostasis – as a general domain invariant principle for behavioral self-creation. The present paper continues these investigations under a more pragmatic aspect. We start from the formulation of two requirements to the behavior namely that actions are such that (i) they are maximally sensitive reactions to the sensor values and that (ii) the consequences of the actions taken are still predictable. We show how this general statement can be formulated into a concrete error function E measuring the distance between the current and the ideal behavior formulated by the requirements. Gradient descending E produces a self-regulating dynamical system. Mathematical arguments show that the robot behaviors emerging from this are both explorative and sensitive to the environment. From the general principle simple learning rules are derived for the neurons of a closed loop robot controller. These learning rules are shown in a simple application with a physical robot to realize a self-learning autonomous robot which can survive in a sufficiently simple world without any further external help. In particular we demonstrate that sensors are automatically integrated according to their response strength as soon as they deliver a signal to the controller. Moreover the system also can deal with the problem of a rapid change in the properties of the sensors.


prepared from dinorbornene derivatives and maleic anhydride by free radical polymerization. The relationship among polymer structure, glass transition temperature (Tg) and post-exposure delay stability was studied. This new polymer design offers a pathway towards good post-exposure delay stability while maintaining high resolution. Keyword: norbornene, chemically amplified resist, cycloolefin,193nm photoresist


The main objectives of this study were to investigate the extent of emotional labour selfefficacy, customer-service orientation behaviour and job knowledge possessed by customer-contact employees with a view to predicting the overall quality of interaction between service employees and customers to the hotels under study. Data were gathered through questionnaire. Formulated hypotheses were tested using correlation methods, and Z-test for tests of significance. Analysis revealed that emotional labour dimensions (SA, DA) were found to have significant relationship with service-orientation behaviour. In the 1 to 3-star hotels self efficacy, job knowledge and service-orientation behavior were found to be low and below average. The study revealed a positive relationship between self efficacy and service orientation behaviour. In all the variables, service employees of the 5-star were rated higher than the others. Based on above findings, it is predicted that the quality of customer experiences in these hotels is below expectation. We therefore recommend that hotel organizations should re-examine and redesign their internal marketing and human resources practices to enhance self efficacy and job knowledge.


In this article,several principles of safety management of medical equipments are expounded first.Then,based on the risk analysis of medical equipments,the method of setting up a safety application and management system is discussed by way of skill management,process management,and focal point management.


We propose and analyze a hop-by-hop relay selection strategy for multi-hop decode-and-forward (DF) cooperative relay networks. In this method, relay selection in each stage is based on the channel state information (CSI) to the relays in the following stage. More specifically, in each stage, relays that successfully receive and decode the message from the previous hop form the candidate set for relaying, and the best relay in this set is selected for retransmission to the next hop. As such, a central controller (CC) for the entire relay network is not required and this strategy can be implemented in a distributed manner. We analyze the performance of this method in terms of end-to-end outage probability and ergodic and effective ergodic capacities. Numerical results from analysis are shown to closely match those obtained from simulation. We also compare our results to those from existing relay selection strategies in the cases of perfect and imperfect CSI and demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method.


This theme issue emerged from two mini-symposia organized for the 7th World Congress of Biomechanics, held at Boston in July 2014. During these two symposia—and related sessions at the congress—it became evident that there is considerable potential and promise in the use of multiscale modelling


I read with interest the article by Akram et al.1 The investigators accepted that the pathophysiology of cluster headache (CH) is not fully understood, that evidence for primary involvement of the hypothalamus is suggestive, and that primary activation of trigeminoparasympathetic brainstem reflex is uncertain. An unresolved discrepancy exists between posterior hypothalamus and the ventral tegmental area as the key pathophysiologic focus.1–3 The investigators also accepted that the mode of action of deep brain stimulation (DBS), the optimal stimulation site, and the neural networks involved remain poorly understood.1 CH is not a pan-trigeminal disorder, but dominantly involves the ophthalmic division. It is unclear whether DBS selectively affected the ophthalmic trigeminal nerve in this study or how intrinsic trigeminohypothalamic activation can generate unilateral CH.


Theories of opportunity discovery presume a rational world framework to explain entrepreneurial cognition and behaviour. A narrative rationality framework that complements Bayesian logic improves the description and interpretation of entrepreneurial discovery processes. We develop a preliminary theory of discovery which incorporates narrative sensemaking. This emphasizes active, contextualized meaning-making during the crystallisation and communication stages of discovery. Extending Fisher's narrative paradigm, we reconceptualise discovery as a dynamic, convergent process based on the coherence-seeking and narrative fidelity. Data from scientists and entrepreneurs grounds the analysis, while gedanken experiments facilitate interpretation. We discuss implications for entrepreneurship research and present normative theory for discovery communication.


A naturally-occurring fungus called Entomophthora grylli was for the first time isolated from two species of grasshopper Oxya velox and Oxya vicinia in Jammu and Kashmir, India. The epizootic was confined along Indo–Pak border between 74 degrees 24′ and 75 degrees 18′, East longitude and 32 degrees 50′ and 33 degrees 30′ North latitude. The fungus proved to be highly pathogenic and the natural mortality was significantly influenced by the population density which increased from 26.00 to 73.60 over the period of epizootics. On the basis of the available literature this appears to be the first record from the Indian sub-continent. While many infected grasshoppers apparently produced neither conidia nor resting spores, the cadavers were found to be full of hyphal bodies and resting spores towards the end of epizootics. These resting spores or their germ tubes were not invasive as such but if provided a saturated environment for a week, they start germinating, resulting in germ conidia which were able to induce dermal pathogencity. Further, it was observed that the disease could not be transmitted to healthy individuals by ingestion. However, the intra-haemocoel infectivity of fresh resting spores, germinated resting spores, and germ conidia proved to be highly pathogenic as they resulted in 81.4% grasshopper mortality. Although E. grylli is fastidious, it is possible to multiply it on a large scale as protoplasts which are infective upon injection in their hosts. However, the lack of a cell wall renders them very fragile, and they are neither infective upon application to the insect's cuticle nor upon ingestion. In the present study, a method on delivery of pathogen through "sticky molasses pan trap" was developed for inducing infection in grasshoppers in a paddy nursery which would facilitate its use as a bioinsecticide, analogous to other entomopathogenic fungi.


Catalytic oxidation of isoquinoline yields phthalimide (major product) and smaller amounts of pyridine and hydrogen cyanide. The reaction mechanism is discussed.


Author(s): Liu, Y; Pan, R; Zhang, X; Han, J; Yuan, Q; Tian, Y; Yuan, Y; Liu, F; Wang, Y; N'Diaye, AT; Arenholz, E; Chen, X; Sun, Y; Song, B; Zhou, S | Abstract: © 2016 American Physical Society. We investigate the interaction between charges and spin order of the defect complex V6 in silicon. The first-principles calculations predict spin resolved band splitting incurred by a neutral V6 yet with no net spin. Therefore, any shift of Fermi level can trigger the spin polarization. Both s and p states contribute local moments in the positively charged V6. The ferromagnetic coupling is only obtained between a positively charged V6 and a neutral one. In silicon after neutron irradiation, magnetism is achieved even at room temperature. The 3s∗3p∗ hybrid states of V6 are probably responsible for the observed long-range magnetic order. Our results unravel the role of charged V6 in inducing magnetism and will be useful in understanding and further manipulating the intrinsic properties of defect complexes in silicon and other semiconductors.


The refined cotton wastewater is a refractory organic chemical wastewater with high alkaline concentration,high color and high organic matters.The combined process of acid floatation,internal electrolysis as pre-treatment,anaerobic treatment and two-stage aerobic biological treatment as the main technology was used to treat this wastewater.The engineering practice proves that this combined process is effective,economical and reasonable in fine cotton wastewater treatment.The average removal rates of COD,BOD_5,color and SS are 98.44%,98.98%,99.85% and 90.53% respectively,and the effluent quality is superior to the daily average maximum permissible discharge concentration specified in Discharge Standard for Water Pollutants from Ordnance Industry Powder and Explosive(GB 14470.1-2002).


Introduction - The idea of the university, J.H.Newman the mission of the university - an uplifting principle in the history of the western world, J.Ortega Y Gasset the idea of the university - communication at the frontiers, K.Jaspers a justification for a social research institute - "to serve the truth relentlessly", M.Horkheimer the university as a "creative centre of civilization" - the idea of an English school, F.R.Leavis learning and living with "profundity and paradox", P.Tillich university, (unity), universality, M.de Unamuno conclusion - inheritance and legacy.


Interest has recently centered on selenium in the diet. Ivan Sharman PhD, FRSC, describes its discovery, its association with vitamin E, its likely role and dietary sources of the mineral


The enantioselective adsorption of some racemic compounds was investigated on cellulose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) membrane supported on a Teflon membrane filter. The highly enantioselective adsorption was observed for β-blockers such as oxprenolol. The enantiomeric excess of adsorbed oxprenolol reached up to 60%. The enantioselective desorption on the membrane was also studied.


The Forth Road Bridge has carried road traffic across the Forth estuary in Scotland, UK, since 1964. It was replaced in September 2017 by the Queensferry Crossing, the country's biggest infrastruct...


Images of neutral Hydrogen 21cm absorption and radio continuum emission at 1.4 GHz from Mrk 273 were made using the Very Long Baseline Array and Very Large Array. These images reveal a gas disk associated with the northern nuclear region with a diameter of 0.5 ′′ (370 pc), at an inclination angle of 53 o. The radio continuum emission is composed of a diffuse component plus a number of compact sources. This morphology resembles those of nearby, lower luminosity starburst galaxies. These images provide strong support for the hypothesis that the luminosity of the northern source is dominated by an extreme compact starburst. The HI 21cm absorption shows an east-west gradient in velocity of 450 km s −1 across 0.3 ′′ (220 pc), implying an enclosed mass of 2×10 9 M ⊙ , comparable to the molecular gas mass. The brightest of the compact sources may indicate radio emission from an active nucleus (AGN), but this source contributes only 3.8% to the total flux density of the northern nuclear region. The HI 21cm absorption toward the southeast radio nucleus suggests infall at 200 km s −1 on scales ≤ 40 pc, and the southwest near IR nucleus is not detected in high resolution radio continuum images.


Materials systems are an important element within the development of a renderer for an application such as a video game. Nowadays, the method to build a graphic style for a product involving a real-time engine implies a rendering system supporting a solid and concise materials system, as those well-established in real-time engines such as Unreal or Unity. This study presents an open-source application to serve as an editor of materials consisting of a modern real-time renderer. The application consists of a basic OpenGL real-time rendering engine to visualise 3D geometry and its appearance through the support of a node-based material editor to assemble materials in an intuitive and simple manner, without the use of programming and little technical knowledge. The culmination of the project and the achievement of its objectives was satisfactory. We concluded that this work can be used as a reference to understand real-time material systems and renderers and its state of the art in the video games industry.


Abstract Wild strains of Euplotes euryhalinus, E. focardii, and E. nobilii, three Antarctic species originally described on morphological grounds, were analyzed for five enzyme systems (i.e., amylases, acid phosphatases, tetrazolium oxydases, malic dehydrogenases, and malic enzyme) of proven diagnostic value for the systematics of Euplotes species. The electrophoretic patterns were all effective for discriminating strains of one species from those of another; in particular those of amylases, acid phospatases, and tetrazolium oxidases showed sharp inter‐species differences and no appreciable intra‐species variations. These results provided further evidence of the species status of Euplotes euryhalinus, E. focardii, and E. nobilii.


Reason for withdrawal from publication

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A new type of portable instrument for measuring soil radon gas and its decay products has been developed and tested. A pulse-ionization chamber, filled with air at ordinary pressure, is designed as the detector of the instrument, which is easy to decontaminate and has the advantages of a large detecting area, simplicity of construction and low cost. The data acquisition and processing system is computerized (pocket computer PC-1500). The instrument can be applied for both integrated and instantaneous radon measurements.


A thesis to be submitted to Addis Ababa university school of public health in partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of masters of public health


In this paper, the transportation problem under the carbon emission trading program is modelled by mathematical programming and genetic algorithm. Since green supply chain issues become important and new legislations are taken into account, carbon emissions costs are included in the total costs of the supply chain. The optimisation model has the ability to minimise the total costs and provides the best solutions, which are both cost-effective and environmentally friendly. Moreover, a mathematical model and genetic algorithm are used to simulate the developments when carbon emission costs are changed and when companies are committed penalty charge. Finally, the result is shown the genetic algorithm technique is feasible in transportation network planning.


An effective web-enabled geovisual analytics approach, that has been developed based on the principles behind visual analytics to interactively visualize and solve spatio-temporal related visualization problems for multivariate data through a visual discovery and analytical reasoning is introduced in this paper. This approach makes extensive use of spatial and temporal filtering, interactive highlighting and color encoding that allows analysts to perform exploratory analysis to make sense of the data A case study is performed illustrating the benefits of using this proposed approach by finding unknown information for effective decision making in real world problem.


The righteous understanding of naș implicates Muslim's application as a representation of Islamic teaching in society. If this understanding is flawed, the social value of Islam that reconstructs the social and national life of Muslims has no role, but it disrupts the social balance of society. Related to this, one of the verses in The n, Surah At-Taubah [9]: 123, is often used as evidence by some communities of Muslims to legitimate the exclusivity of Islam in social life dan shows how discrimination against the non-Islamist religion. This, of course, thwarts the value of Islamic universities and inclusivity in social and national life, especially in this modern era. By the maqāșidi interpretation approach, this article attempts to seek maqāșid from this verse based on a re-contextual reading of Ricoeur's hermeneutic that is suitable with the nowadays context and reality. By reviewing the maqāșid of the verse, this article reveals the mission brought by the verse and its implication for Muslim social and national life. Therefore, it will be concluded that the order in this verse suits the micro context of this verse, but it does not match what we find nowadays. The interpretation maqāșidi approach helps to find the ontology of this verse which is the general maqāșid of this verse, that is, to bring universal grace and happiness.


Coagulation is an important step in water treatment. Doses of coagulants and pH controllers in the treatment of water are predicted by the jar test. The test is performed in a laboratory and mean rates obtained will be applied to the plant. Factors, such as changes in rainfall indexes, may change water quality and new adjustments are required for coagulant doses and pH controllers. Current assay proposes the application of models based on neural networks and linear regression so that modifications in doses of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and aluminum sulfate (Al2SO4) could be performed in real time. The best prediction result was obtained by the neural network model with optimizer.


This article is focused on peculiarities of development of Kharkov International Law Researchers School (the second half of 19 century), who were working on study of legal institute of privateering. It has been proved that this scientific project was a response to request of Russian government seeking for any possibility to overturn results of Crimean War, which resulted in prohibition against Russian marine forces staying in the Black Sea. Russia had to take into consideration
experience of privateering international and legal institute evolution in order to be completely sure that its overturn would be legitimate and to provide necessary conditions for naval forces recovering.
Key words: Kharkov Law School, international maritime law, piracy, privateering, reprisal right, prize law, admiralty courts.


The concept of growth linked to municipal development is about meeting challenges and creating expansion based on the municipal's situation. Through growth plans and other policy documents, strategies are created for what needs to be improved in order for growth to take place. The study looks at the city of Ostersund and their growth plan Mer Ostersund, which will be adopted by the municipal between the years of 2014 - 2020.The aim of the study is to examine how the growth plan Mer Ostersund is applied and adapted within the municipality organisation. A practical purpose has been developed in order to provide an insight into the internal perception within the municipal units for the managers behind the development of the growth plan. To answer the study research issue, delimitation is implemented, resulting in two of the eight administrations within the municipality being selected. The study has been limited to the Childcare and Education Administration with related board, and the Municipal Administration. A total of eleven interviews were conducted to provide insight into the perception among employees at different positions in the municipal organisation.The result shows that the knowledge and implementation of the growth plan reached, and was executed within, the Municipal Administration, the Childcare and Education Board, and by the managers of the Childcare and Education Administration. Only one out of three of the interviewed employees in Childcare and Education Administration had any knowledge of the growth plan before the study. The perception of the growth plan's relevance varied between both managers, elected officials, and employees. The result shows that the communication does not reach employees successfully. In this way, implementation within the entire municipal organisation is not fulfilled and it is deficient downwards within the units.


The present invention proposes a method for producing a molded article before, comprising the following process steps: - providing a first layer of a first sheet material and at least a second layer of a second sheet material, - forming a preliminary composite comprising the first and the at least second position - plating the preliminary composite - forming of the preliminary composite to the mold part by means of a Druckwalz-, pressing or deep drawing process, wherein the plating is carried out prior to or during the forming process.


Bearings-only tracking is widely used in the defense arena. Its value can be exploited in systems using optical sensors and sonar, among others. Non-linearity and non-Gaussian prior statistics are among the complications of bearings-only tracking. Several filters have been used to overcome these obstacles, including particle filters and multiple hypothesis extended Kalman filters (MHEKF). Particle filters can accommodate a wide range of distributions and do not need to be linearized. Because of this they seem ideally suited for this problem. A MHEKF can only approximate the prior distribution of a bearings-only tracking scenario and needs to be linearized. However, the likelihood distribution maintained for each MHEKF hypothesis demonstrates significant memory and lends stability to the algorithm, potentially enhancing tracking convergence. Also, the MHEKF is insensitive to outliers. For the scenarios under investigation, the sensor platform is tracking a moving and a stationary target. The sensor is allowed to maneuver in an attempt to maximize tracking performance. For these scenarios, we compare and contrast the acquisition time and mean-squared tracking error performance characteristics of particle filters and MHEKF via Monte Carlo simulation.


The orientation structure of the polyacrylonitrile precursors was quantitatively studied by the sound velocity method and the wide angle X-ray diffraction.The degree of orientation and the sound modulus characterized by the sound velocity method are increased with the draw ratio.The orientation distribution function N(χ) and the orientation coefficients 〈Pn〉 were determined from the measurements of the polar angle scan of X-ray diffraction.The result shows that the 〈Pn〉 coefficients of the Legendre polynomials for n from 2 to 10 are increases with the draw ratio.The orientation distribution function q(χ) calculated from the Pseudo-affine deformation model is in good agreement with the experimental data N(χ).The p and q values were determined to calculate the effective draw ratio λ,which could be helpful to control the orientation structure of the polyacrylonitrile precursors through different draw stages.


How can a cookery book be 'galant'? There has lately been a great deal of literary-critical interest in the modernizing fashion for the 'galant' in the second half of the seventeenth century (Viala), but a cookery book styling itself with this cultural buzz-word has so far escaped notice. In 1674, an author identified only as 'L.S.R.' published a veritable food manifesto, L'Art de bien traiter, divise en trois parties. Ouvrage nouveau, curieux, et fort galant, utile a toutes personnes et conditions. For historians of food, the great question of this text is: why, with little evidence of much change in its recipes, does its preface declare a radical break with the past, particularly with reference to the most successful cookery book of the entire seventeenth century, the Cuisinier francois of La Varenne, which first appeared in 1651 and subsequently went through thirty editions in 75 years? My thesis is that the Marquise de Sable is once again at the heart of the matter. According to contemporary accounts, she was much to be heard at this time railing against La Varenne, and there are manuscript recipes preserved by her second house physician, Noel Vallant, along with manuscript correspondance in the Bibliotheque nationale (B.N.F, Fr.: Portefeuilles Vallant: 17044-56, 17806; 10583-91). These largely unnoticed materials are apt to confirm that the polemic introduced by L.S.R., and his cookery book's claim to exemplifying the 'galant', evince a Sable-esque posture with respect to taste: the galant table emphasized not just the taste of food but also the taste of the host serving it. In L'Art de bien traiter, food and the senses seem to conduct a particular kind of love affair. Sight and taste are charmed, their desire is fulfilled in galant cuisine, and the meal seems to take place at Tendre sur Inclination. The chapter will conclude with a technical analysis of the 'recipe wars' ignited by L'Art de bien traiter.


the overall message of this book was sometimes obscured by a writing style that was at times difficult to follow. Efforts to clarify and simplify some ideas would have enhanced the effectiveness of the overall argument. At other points, the connections between the theoretical and empirical sections of this book were not always evident. While the case studies effectively illustrate the national, regional and international dimensions of each of these conflicts, it was unclear as to whether this evidence supported the argument that these cases were examples of conflict systems. Why did these distinct processes actually constitute a single system? How did these elements reproduce themselves as a system? These aspects of the overall argument were not well articulated in the case chapters. This limitation was reinforced by the organization of the case material. In particular, while the overall argument emphasized the systemic coherence of domestic, regional and international factors, the organization of the case chapters instead reinforced distinctions between them. The extent to which these chapters described, for instance, politics surrounding land, "ethnic conflict" and proxy movements supported by Uganda and Rwanda in the DRC was restricted by efforts to describe them independent of each other. Despite these concerns, this book is important because it challenges contemporary trends to disaggregate and localize research on violent conflict. It instead refocuses our attention to the larger regional and international webs of relationships in which these conflicts are situated and how they might contribute to civil war onset and duration. A more careful presentation of the case material would have contributed to an overall more convincing argument. Nonetheless, Anatomy of Violence represents a unique and significant contribution to ongoing debates regarding the origins and dynamics of, and solutions to, conflict and violence in Africa.


The occurrence of cavitation on hydrofoils can cause undesirable effects such as a decrease in lift, and an increase in drag. The goal of this research is to investigate the effect of water injection on the lift and drag coefficient of a hydrofoil. An unsteady uniform flow of water over a 3-D NACA hydrofoil is numerically simulated. For the numerical simulation of a cavitating flow, a bubble dynamics cavitation model is used to describe the generation and evaporation of the vapor phase. The RNG k-e turbulence model is used as a turbulence model. A modification to the turbulent viscosity, which is necessary to simulate the cloud cavitation, is implemented. This simulation is implemented for various angles of attack and different injection velocities. Comparison between experimental data and the numerical simulation obtained here is done to validate the numerical results. The results presented show that, as the mass flow of the water injection increases, the lift coefficient decreases for all angles of attack but the rate of this decrease decreases for higher angles of attack. As the mass flow rate increases, the drag coefficient increases more for small angles of attack, and decreases for larger angles of attack, and the injection does not change the drag coefficient as much for large angles of attack. In general, water injection does not increase the lift and does not decrease the drag for all angles of attack.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


(57) The method of Abstract: The present invention is a silicon body (1) or the useful silicide regions for various purposes, including reduction of electrical contact resistance to the formed integrated electronic elements thereon, silicon body make (1). The method of the present invention, for example, contact the steps of making an amorphous region (28) in the silicon body (1), titanium, a metal (30) such as cobalt or nickel in the amorphous region (28) by ion implantation (26) forming or arranged so as, for example, a strong light (31) from a laser source irradiates the metal, comprising the steps of diffusing the metal atoms into the amorphous region (28) within the. Thus, the amorphous region (28) is made of an alloy region having a desired silicide composition. Upon cooling after the irradiation, the alloy region is partially crystalline. To change the alloy region into a more highly crystalline forms, methods of the present invention preferably includes the step of treating the alloy region by using, for example, rapid thermal annealing. To establish electrical contact to silicide region, an insulating layer (32) and conductive leads (34) it may be subsequently patterned. Low contact resistance silicide regions provide the ability to transmit through the contact areas an electrical signal of relatively high frequency. In a preferred application, the method of the present invention, a metal - insulator - the gate of the semiconductor field effect transistor (MISFET), is used to form a silicide contact regions are self-aligned to the source and drain.


In order to envision novel in-car user interfaces, it is important to investigate driver and passenger behavior as well as to identify relevant context factors that influence this behavior. Automotive user interfaces are often concentrated on drivers and their needs, whereas passengers and their needs are paid little attention to. In this paper we report on a probing study, which aimed at revealing novel design ideas for interfaces for both, car drivers and passengers. The overall goal of the study was to get inspired by actual driver and passenger behavior. In particular, we investigated past behaviors and what we can learn from these episodes for automotive interface design. We illustrate the user-centered process of generating innovative design concepts for the automotive domain based on the results of the probing study. Additionally, we introduce three resulting design concepts by means of design sketches and textual descriptions to provide insights on the concrete results of our efforts. We discuss probing as a method to generate novel design ideas for the automotive UI community and reflect on the three emerged design concepts which focus on collaboration, behavior change, and entertainment in the car.


Mercy, detached from Justice, grows unmerciful. That is the important paradox. —C.S. Lewis, God in the Dock

The Anglo-American legal system regularly looks to forensic practitioners to provide expert testimony on the likelihood that an individual will pose a risk to others. Experts may be asked


Abstract: Small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type is a rare and aggressive tumor affecting young women. The mechanism of development is unclear and there have been relatively few clinical studies reported in literature. The authors present a clinical case of a 15-year-old girl with a small cell carcinoma of the ovary.


5494086Journal Article, Name of Journal Background: Educating patients and families on the management of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has always been a challenge. Some endocrinologists educate patients and families with new onset Type 1 DM in the inpatient setting, while others have tried to do this process as an outpatient given the changes in the limits of inpatient coverage. Given the challenges in the education process, we must find new and innovative ways to educate patients and families efficiently in order to equip them with the necessary skills to be successful in the management of Type 1 DM. In a world of smartphones and tablets as the mainstay of communication and sources of information, medical professionals can integrate these devices into the education of patients and families. Use of such a platform can make patients and families be more independent in the education process of newly diagnosed Type 1 DM patients. Objective: To study whether the use of a tablet platform as an adjunct in the education of patients and families with newly diagnosed Type 1 DM could lead to improved understanding of diabetes management, leading to better HbA1C improvement, less hypoglycemia, as well less phone calls to the office. Methods: We will randomize new onset Type 1 DM diabetes patients, so that 50% will only receive traditional diabetes education by nurses and the other 50% will receive the tablet and traditional diabetes education. For the patients and families who will receive the tablet, the tablet will contain an education system with modules that teach the various aspects of Type 1 DM care. Each module will have a pre-test to assess the user's knowledge prior to viewing the modules. The modules have slides that models a lecture on the topic, as well as a video reviewing the topic. Following this, there will be a post-test to assess the user's knowledge. We will then compare patients and families who receive the tablet versus those that do not. The follow-up measures that will be compared consists of improvement in HbA1C, incidence of hypoglycemia and phonecalls to the office. We will also survey the patients and families about the tablet education process. Results: To be ascertained. Conclusions: Our hope is that the patients and families using the tablet platform will become more comfortable with the management of Type 1 DM, which will result in better Hba1C improvement, less hypoglycemia and less phone calls to office On analysis of results, it showed that patients/families randomized to tablet education plus traditional education had less hypoglycemic episodes, but had the same amount of calls made to office. These patients also had a slightly higher average HbA1C as compared to patients randomized to just standard education. On survey of patients and families, they found that the use of the tablet was a helpful adjunct in their education.


Objective This study was performed to assess self-care behavior and associated factors among patients with heart failure attending public hospitals in Southeast Ethiopia in 2021. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 420 patients with heart failure from 15 May to 30 June 2021 using a simple random sampling technique. A multivariable binary logistic model was used to identify factors associated with self-care behavior. Statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05. Results The magnitude of good self-care behavior among patients with heart failure was 53.6% [95% confidence interval (CI), 48.9–58.3]. Factors associated with self-care behavior were treatment with a beta blocker [adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 0.49; 95% CI, 0.27–0.89], treatment with digitalis (AOR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.05–0.24), the level of social support (AOR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.03–0.15), and the presence of depressive symptoms (AOR, 0.21; 95% CI, 2.70–8.33). Conclusion Slightly more than half of the respondents had good self-care behavior. Attention should be given to enhancing good self-care practice through integration of health education as routine care.


ABSTRACT This paper investigates the impact of legal institutions on the external governance role of equity analysts in enhancing the corporate information environment. By analysing a sample of Chinese listed firms between 2003 and 2013, we find that analyst coverage is positively related to stock price informativeness. Firms located in provinces where legal institutions are stronger, as indicated by better development of market intermediaries and lower levies and charges on firms, are less likely to withhold value-relevant information. Financial analysts play a more effective role in improving stock informativeness in provinces with less developed legal institutions.


The mechanical properties of hot rolled bars of fine grains(HRBF500) at high temperatures were studied experimentally.7 groups(21 specimens) were tested under temperatures of 20,200,300,400,500,600,700 ℃,respectively.The variation of yield strength,ultimate strength,elastic modulus,elongation and tensile stress-strain relationship of the HRBF500 at elevated temperatures were investigated and discussed.The results indicate that the yield strength,ultimate strength and elastic modulus of HRBF500 decrease gradually with raising temperatures,and are different from those of traditional hot rolled bars,especially for the yield strength.Based on experimental results,The calculation formulas for yield strength,ultimate strength,elastic modulus and tensile stress-strain relationship of hot rolled bars of fine grains at high temperatures are proposed.


This unit describes a method of measuring the kinetic stability of complexes formed between purified MHC class II molecules and antigenic N‐terminal fluorescein‐labeled peptides. An HPLC‐SEC allows for the separation of fluoresceinated MHC class II:peptide complexes from excess free dissociating peptides, while the fluorescence detector allows for the quantification of the remaining complexes throughout the dissociation time‐course.


The definitive edition of The Journal of John Woolman is of course the one edited by Amelia M. Gummere, published in 1922. Basic materials on other Quaker leaders in the anti-slavery movement are mentioned in the footnotes above. The most important source of information concerning Elihu Embree and his Emancipator is the article by Hoss cited in note 13. This article was published also in Amer. Hist. Mag., Nashville, Jan., 1897. In addition to the article by A. E. Martin, cited in note 12, see also his " AntiSlavery Societies of Tenn." in Tenne Hist. Mag., Dec., 1915. Useful also is C. P. Patterson, The Negro in Tenn., 1790-1865, Univ. of Texas Bull., no. 2205, 1922. An obituary notice of Elihu Embree appeared in the Knoxville Register of Dec. 12, 1820. A recent brief biography of Embree is in the new Diet, of Amer. Biog., 6: 124. This article is by Dr. P. M. Hamer, of the Hist. Dept., Univ. of Tenn. He refers in his bibliography to a silhouette of Embree in the Univ. of Tenn. Library, but has recently stated that this reference is a mistake. Apparently no likeness of Embree is


We have proposed and experimentally demonstrated a high-speed and point-to-multipoint (P2MP) mobile fronthaul (MFH) downstream system based on the code-division multiplexing (CDM) and self-homodyne coherent (SHC) technologies. We find that compared with the traditional 16-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) signal transmission, the change of phase noise between two demultiplexed symbols is much larger in the CDM-16QAM signal transmission because it is the accumulation of phase noise change of n multiplexed symbols. Therefore, a low-complexity pilot sequence-assisted phase noise estimation algorithm is proposed and designed to compensate for the phase noise caused by fiber mismatch length, which makes it possible to use a low-cost distributed feedback (DFB) laser. Besides, the spread signal's distribution in the frequency domain of each code sequence is different, leading to different transmission performances between different remote radio units (RRUs). A power optimization scheme is proposed to balance the transmission performances of different RRUs by multiplying each channel's signal by a normalized weight factor at the transmitter. The experimental results show that the proposed system could successfully support the transmission of 245 Gb/s 16QAM signal from baseband unit (BBU) to 7 RRUs (each RRU could have 2 antennas to transmit signals at 2 polarizations) over 10 km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF). The measured worst bit error rate (BER) value of 14 channels is 1.77e-3 which is below the hard-decision forward error correction (HD-FEC) threshold (3.8e-3).


The use of indicators for evaluating the microbiological quality of the marine surf-zone water is a worldwide practice. It is important that the indicator used, is the most relevant in relation to bathers' health. It must be easy to detect and it must be cost effective. This paper reports the comparison between the occurrence of faecal coliforms and Escherichia coli in the marine surf-zone. Both are found to be good indicators for marine surf-zone water quality. The maximum acceptable count per 100 mL sample must be set separately for each indicator used in relation to bathers' health risk.


This paper presents a Reducing Human Effort: Web Data Mining, Learning a New Characteristics from Big data, reducing human effort in extracting precise information from undetected Web sites. Our approach aims at automatically adapting the information extraction knowledge previously learned from a source Web site to a new undetected site, at the same time, discovering previously undetected attributes. There is a two kinds of text related evidences from the source Web site are considered. The first kind of evidences is obtained from the extraction pattern contained in the previously learned wrapper. The second kind of evidences is derived from the previously extracted or collected items. A generative model for the generation of the web site independent content information and the site dependent layout format of the text fragments related to attribute values contained in a Web page is designed to connect the insecurity involved. We have conducted extensive experiments from more than 50 real world Web sites in more than five different domains to demonstrate the effectiveness of our context. KeywordsBig Data, DOM, Extraction Pattern, Wrapper Learning & Adaption


Since the discovery of dinosaurs in the late 19th century, the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation has received considerable scholarly attention. However, the formation in central Montana needed to be sufficiently investigated. Recent dinosaur excavations from exposed Morrison strata on the southern flank of Spindletop dome near the town of Grass Range, Montana, prompted a review of the formation's geology, paleobotany, and paleoclimate. A review of historical stratigraphic measurements of the formation in Montana reveals a considerable variance in measured thicknesses. Stratigraphic measurements and regional log data indicate that the formation averages 71 m thick across central Montana. A new regional isopach map of the formation from well-log data illustrates a broad distributive fluvial system that migrated from the southwest toward the northeast. The formation is divided into two informal facies in the study area: lower and upper depositional facies. The lower depositional beds represent the mud-rich distal-most distributive fluvial facies that overlies the stranded muddy tidal flat of the Swift Formation. An increased sandstone:mudstone ratio and small isolated fluvial channel and crevasse splay beds indicate that the upper depositional beds represent the slow progression of the distributive fluvial system. However, a review of the regional field stratigraphy and well-log data did not provide a regional correlatable facies change to warrant subdividing the formation into members.The stratigraphic positions and climatic interpretations for lithologic, faunal, and floral paleoclimatic proxies are specified. The compilation of climate proxy data from central Montana demonstrates that the climate in this region was wetter than in southern parts of the Morrison foreland basin. The climatic proxies signify that the environmental conditions were variable during the Late Jurassic in central Montana, displaying changing temperatures with mesic and xeric intervals of unknown duration.


Nanocomposites consisting of clay and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) were synthesized by photopolymerization using several clay minerals. Uniform hydrogels were obtained by adding saponite-,...


Lymphoid tumors are among the most common types of neoplasms of domestic animals (Moulton and Dungworth, 1978, In Tumors in Domestic Animals, Moulton (ed), Univ. California Press, Berkeley, California, pp. 150-204). Prevalence among dogs and cats has been estimated at 24.0 and 41.6 per 100,000, respectively (Dorn et al., 1957, Am. J. Vet. Res. 28: 993-1001). These tumors have been classified according to cytologic and anatomic criteria (Jarrett and Mackey, 1974, Bull. WHO. 50: 21-34). This report describes a lymphoblastic lymphosarcoma involving both kidneys, brain, and meninges in a raccoon. An adult, female raccoon was submitted dead with a history of foaming at the mouth and possibly biting a dog. Gross examination revealed a poorly fleshed but lactating animal with several ticks on the ears and head. The kidneys were bilaterally enlarged to twice normal size, with the cortical cut surface mottled white in appearance. The liver was enlarged and mildly fibrotic. The animal was negative for rabies by indirect fluorescent antibody test and mouse inoculation. Histologically, both kidneys contained dense sheets of cells invading the cortex (Fig. 1), composed of large (14-17 m) neoplastic lymphoblasts with scant, basophilic cytoplasm and large nuclei with coarse chromatin and a single prominent nucleolus. A small proportion of the cells had deeply indented nuclei. Three to five mitotic figures per high power field were seen. Neoplastic lymphoblasts were found in cerebral and cerebellar leptomeningeal spaces. The infiltrates were especially large and diffuse in the cerebellum where they amounted to a 10 to 15 cell wide layer (Fig. 2). Virchow-Robin spaces of both


Taylor and Francis Ltd GECD_A_263424.sgm 10.1080/03004 30701635780 E rly Child Development and Care 0300-4430 (pri t)/147 -8275 (online) Original Article 2 7 & Francis 002 07 Siu MuiChan smh @ie .edu.hk The authors regret that there was an error in the layout of Table 1 in the above paper. The parenting styles 'authoritarian' and 'authoritative' were listed in the wrong order. The correct version of Table 1 is provided below:


With all the attention of Russian historiography to the life of ancient Russian bishops, the problem of punishing bishops did not often attract the attention of researchers. If there was any interest in the noted topic, it was mainly within the framework of individual plots. However, a comprehensive consideration of the problem of punishment of ancient Russian bishops of the XI - the first quarter of the XIV was not carried out. Meanwhile, an analysis of the sources allows us to conclude that, for all the height of their ministry, the ancient Russian bishops not only regularly found themselves in the face of various courts, but were also subjected to various punishments, both ecclesiastical and those that took place in the practice of Byzantium and Russia. Within the framework of the presented article, an attempt was made to systematize the various punishments applied to bishops in the 11th - first quarter of the 14th centuries. The author comes to the conclusion that, despite their high status, the ancient Russian bishops were regularly subjected to various punishments. These punishments were not always fair. However, we can confidently say that the legal culture within the church was explained by the strong influence of Byzantine legal traditions. From a canonical point of view, punishments were far from always justified. But even in this case, the Old Russian scribes perceived them as corresponding to the realities of Old Russian reality and even fair.


Many of the old-guard inflation targeting (IT) central banks benefitted from being able to build credibility in the relatively tranquil environment of the Great Moderation. That is not to say it was easy. But, all else equal, the relative stability of the global economy and commodity prices in the 1990s was advantageous. Newer members of the IT club – many of them emerging market economies (EMEs) in Asia and the Pacific region – do not have that luxury.


The article describe the theoretical bases and directions of perfection of strategic planning of physical culture and sports organizations economical and social activity in the modern economical situation.


Received 11 June 2020; editorial decision 12 June 2020; accepted 15 June 2020; published online July 4, 2020. Correspondence: J. M. Ortega-Legaspi, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, South 11-150, 3400 Civic Center Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (juan.ortegalegaspi@pennmedicine. upenn.edu). Clinical Infectious Diseases 2020;XX(XX):1–2 © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: email@example.com. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa819 Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitor/Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Use and COVID-19: Time to Change Practice or Keep Gathering Data?


The hepatozoonosis is a disease that mostly affects domestic carnivores, caused by the protozoan  Hepatozoon spp that has ticks of the species  Riphicephalus sanguineus as the main vector. In Brazil, the  Hepatozoon canis has already been diagnosed in several states and the confirmation of hepatozoonosis is made through the parasite visualization on blood smears. The hematologic changes described in infected dogs are anemia, leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia. For being little investigated, the disease is often discarded as clinical suspicion, compromising the clinical diagnosis. This study aimed to analyze blood counts perfomed from March to August 2014, in Clinical Pathology Laboratory of the Federal University of Lavras searching for the presence of  H. canis gamontes and crossing these results with the haematologicals alterations presents in the positive animals. Of 399 samples examined, in six were found  Hepatozoon canis in the blood smear, hematological changes observed in these six animals were: normochromic normocytic anemia (n=3); red blood cells nucleated, anisocytosis and polychromasia of red blood cells (n=3); leukocytosis (n=5 and this neutrophil leukocytosis in 4 of samples, where n=4 of those occurred regenerative left shift by neutrophilia in n=4 of samples with a left shift regenerative in n=1; lymphocytosis (n=3); lymphopenia (n=1); monocytosis (n=3); monocytopenia (n=1); eosinopenia (n=2); eosinophilia (n=2 thrombocytosis (and thrombocytopenia (n=2). As a control group it was analyzed the haematological results of 20 animals not infected with  Hepatozoon canis , received in the same period, and the average of haematological parameters found in them were: 7.17x106/mm³ (RBCs); 47.63% (packed cell volume); 15.86g% (hemoglobin); 11,007/mm³ (total leukocytes); 7668/ mm³ (segmented neutrophils); 215.5/mm³ (band neutrophils); 532/mm³ (eosinophils); 2107/mm³ (lymphocytes); 384/mm³ (monocytes) and 354000 (platelets). The averages for sample group of infected animals were: 5.38x106/mm³ (RBCs); 37.3% (packed cell volume); 12.38g % (hemoglobin); 28,200/mm³ (Total leukocytes); 118,983.5/mm³ (segmented neutrophils); 938.25/mm³ (band neutrophils); 1352.5/mm³ (eosinophils); 5000/mm³ (lymphocytes); 1137.16/mm³ (monocytes) and 404333 (platelets). The values observed in the control group were different from the ones observed in the infected animals, demonstrating a lower average values of red blood cell count and higher in white blood cell count of infected animals in the control group.


Nine proteinase inhibitors, I-VIIa, VIIb, and VIII, were isolated from wild soja seeds by ammonium sulfate fractionation and successive chromatographies on SP-Toyopearl 650M, Sephacryl S-200SF, and DEAE-Toyopearl 650S columns. Reverse-phase HPLC finally gave pure inhibitors. All of the inhibitors inhibited trypsin with dissociation constants of 3.2-6.2×10-9 M. Some of the inhibitors inhibited chymotrypsin and elastase as well. Two inhibitors (VIIb and VIII) with a molecular weight of 20,000 were classified as a soybean Kunitz inhibitor family. Others (I-VIIa) had a molecular weight of about 8,000, and were stable to heat and extreme pH, suggesting that these belonged to the Bowman-Birk inhibitor family. Partial amino acid sequences of four inhibitors were also analyzed. The complete sequence of inhibitor IV was ascertained from the nucleotide sequences of cDNA clones encoding isoinhibitors homologous to soybean C-II.


Flue gas generator set is a kind of large high-speed rotating machinery in petrochemical industry.This research focuses on noise reduction algorithms basis ontheBirge-Massartthreshold.Obtained the threshold through Penalization Strategy Provided by Birge-Massart;constructed different modulus maximum vertex neighborhood on different wavelet transform decomposition scales to influence the search process of modulus maximum point;obtained the appropriate modulus maximum points sequence on various wavelet decomposition scales;highlighted state feature information;finally usedMallat staggered projection to reconstruct signals.In order to validate the effectiveness of the algorithm,it was compared with four kinds of threshold noise suppression methods namely Rigrsure,Sqtwolog,Heursure,Minimaxi.The results show that this algorithm has a better signal to noise ratio and mean-square error.


More than four years after the deepening of the most acute international economic crisis verified at the postwar, the world seems to be moving to a prolonged period of low growth. It is argued that this situation results from the high degree of uncertainty caused by the rupture of the pattern of global growth that prevailed in the last quarter century, precipitated by the outbreak of the economic crisis that made clear the unsustainability of the trends towards the strong growth of internal and external indebtedness, especially in the US, which had enabled until then the reproduction of that pattern maintaining satisfactory growth rates. Since the mainstream in economics, perplexed with the outbreak of the crisis, does not recognize on its impact on the confidence in the reproduction of the growth pattern the central element to explain the high degree of uncertainty responsible for the negative prognostic for the world economy, it is suggested it may contribute little in finding outlets for the situation.


PURPOSE
To discuss the use of wavefront measurements generated from the NIDEK OPD-Scan II and OPD-Station for cataract surgery.

METHODS
Case examples are presented along with information and relevant clinical data obtained from the OPD-Scan II aberrometer and OPD-Station software. All eyes underwent corneal topography, wavefront aberrometry, autorefraction, keratometry, and pupillometry measurements pre- and postoperatively using the OPD-Scan II. Optical and visual quality simulations, including modulation transfer functions, and visual quality attributable to corneal and internal aberrations, were performed using OPD-Station software.

RESULTS
Twelve case examples from cataract surgery, including aspheric intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, diffractive IOLs, and toric IOL implantation, are presented.

CONCLUSIONS
The wavefront analysis in cataract surgery was shown to be a fundamental tool in evaluating visual quality after IOL implantation. The OPD-Scan II distinguished between corneal and lenticular aberrations, allowing for evaluation of actual optical and visual performance attributable to the IOL. Our review of case examples also showed that for multifocal IOL implantation, a thorough investigation is necessary to correlate subjective and objective visual quality and for patient selection.


Gallstone disease remains an important public health problem because of its extraordinary frequency. Over 20 million Americans have undergone gallbladder surgery or currently have stones,1 and more than 700,000 cholecystectomies are performed annually.2,3 Gallbladder disease is one of the most common chronic conditions among American women, affecting 25% of those in their fifties and fully a third of older women.1 Expenditures related to its diagnosis and treatment are correspondingly high. Much has been learned about the epidemiology of cholelithiasis since Friedman's pioneering study of the Framingham population more than 30 years ago.4 Even after a flurry of well-designed ultrasound surveys in the 1980s confirmed such major risk factors as obesity, female gender, childbearing, and family history, new risk factors continue to be identified. For example, during the past decade rapid weight loss, cigarette smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle have been added to the list.5-7 One of the most provocative risk factors to emerge during this period has been hyperinsulinemia, the focus of the paper by Ruhl and Everhart in this issue of HEPATOLOGY.8 Scragg et al.9 were among the first to examine the relation of plasma insulin levels to gallstone risk. In a 1984 hospitalbased case control analysis, they found fasting insulin means to be higher in gallstone cases of both sexes, independent of age and triglyceride levels. Two small case control studies in diabetic subjects found that those with gallstones had significantly higher levels of C-peptide10 and fasting insulin11 than carefully matched controls free of gallbladder disease. The cross-sectional San Antonio Heart Study examined this relationship in a large, population-based survey.12 Among nondiabetic women, the prevalence of clinical gallbladder disease rose with increasing insulinemia in both Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites. The relationship persisted after adjustment for potential confounders but was no longer significant (P 5 .10). Heaton et al.13 measured fasting plasma insulin levels in a population-based biliary ultrasonographic survey, and found nondiabetic British men with the highest levels to have twice the risk of gallstones as those with low levels. However, the relationship was not significant after subjects were matched for waist-to-hip ratio. Finally, a recent ultrasonographic survey from Mexico City found mean fasting insulin levels in women with gallstones to be higher than those of controls, although no relationship was found in men.14 Ruhl and Everhart8 have now clarified the relation of insulinemia to gallstones in the large scale, carefully designed third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). NHANES III itself is an important milestone in our understanding of gallstone epidemiology. Surprisingly, it is the first study of the general U.S. population to use ultrasonography to document the presence of gallstones, although similar surveys were performed in most European nations and several developing countries during the 1980s.15 Conducted between 1988 and 1994, NHANES III was designed to provide national estimates of the health and nutritional status of the U.S. civilian population. The survey used a complex, highly stratified multistage area probability sample design, and its extensive data collection procedures included gallbladder imaging performed by certified abdominal sonographers.1 Over 14,000 persons ages 20 to 74 years had their gallbladder status assessed, making NHANES III the second largest population-based study of gallstone epidemiology ever performed (after the Italian MICOL study16). The only other U.S. survey to use gallbladder ultrasonography, the Hispanic HANES, examined Mexican Americans, Cuban Americans, and mainland Puerto Ricans but did not include non-Hispanic whites or blacks.17 The initial report from NHANES III, published only a few months ago, documented the prevalence of gallstone disease among American adults and confirmed previously suggested differences in prevalence among ethnic and racial groups.1 We can now look forward to a series of reports from the NHANES III investigators that should substantially advance our knowledge of gallstone disease and its risk factors. In their article published in this issue of HEPATOLOGY,8 Ruhl and Everhart document positive associations of glucose intolerance, fasting serum insulin levels, and fasting Cpeptide levels with gallbladder disease prevalence in persons not known to have diabetes at the time of the survey. Although these relationships were evident in both sexes in the unadjusted analyses, they were stronger in women. Gallstone prevalence steadily rose in each quintile of fasting insulin and C-peptide in women, even after statistical adjustment for multiple potentially confounding factors that included fasting glucose, body mass index, waist to hip ratio, and physical activity. Prevalence was positively associated with the ratio of fasting insulin to glucose as well. These results suggest that in women, serum insulin and C-peptide levels act as independent risk factors for gallstone formation. However, a separate analysis showed that levels of these two hormones played only a modest role in accounting for the NHANES III, Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; IRS, insulin resistance syndrome. From the Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX. Received December 13, 1999; accepted December 14, 1999. Address reprint requests to: Andrew K. Diehl, M.D., M.Sc., Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900. E-mail: email@example.com; fax: 210-223-6166. Copyright r 2000 by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. 0270-9139/00/3102-0039$3.00/0


Microscale Eulerian variations in the flux, mineralogical composition and size of suspended particles have been found in a contaminated sandy aquifer under natural gradient flow conditions () during an 8 month study period. Particle variability has been detected along a 16 m saturated section of the aquifer at a scale of centimeters and meters in the vertical and horizontal dimensions, respectively. The average concentration of particles in groundwater varied between 1 to 70 mg/l. The particles were primarily composed of CaCO 3 (11% to 57%), quartz (7% to 39%) and clays (8% to 43%). Most of the particles were within the 140 to 3,000 nm size range with size modes varying from 310 to 660 nm. The large amounts of suspended particles are considered to be related to high inputs of dissolved organic carbon into groundwater from sewage effluents which have been used for agricultural irrigation since the early 19609s. As a result of organic matter biodegradation in the saturated zone, anoxic conditions developed and the pCO 2 content of groundwater increased dramatically. It is postulated that part of the carbonate cement of the rocks dissolved and detrital CaCO 3 , quartz and clay were released as colloidal particles. In the prevailing anoxic conditions of groundwater at the study site (DO * Contribution No. 61, Department of Environmental Sciences and Energy Research, The Weizmann Institute of Science.


The area of Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) has become increasingly important as both the nuclear industry and other high-technology industries have become conscious of the need for risk management and risk analysis. Techniques for performing and validating HRA should clearly be subjects of Human Factors Test and Evaluation attention. However, these issues have received less attention than they probably deserve from the Human Factors Society, despite the key contributions to the field of such HFS Test and Evaluation Group members as Dr. Alan Swain and Dr. David Meister. Issues that should be of interest to the HFS membership were recently raised in a white paper, recently published in "Reliability Engineering and System Safety" as an editorial. This editorial, titled "HRA — Where Shouldst Thou Turn?", was written by Mr. Ed Dougherty, an HRA practitioner. The editorial takes to task ("pillories", might not be too strong a term) almost every major technique and method for HRA currently in use, including his own. In addition, he castigates the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission attitudes and philosophies toward HRA use. Due to the controversial nature of the editorial, the journal editor, Dr. Apostolaikis, provided an opportunity for response to some fifteen practitioners/theorists of those mentioned. Some of these responders included such HFS members as Alan Swain, David Woods, Barry Kantowitz, Thomas Ryan, and Jens Rasmussen. However, these responders had no chance to review each others responses, nor has Mr. Dougherty had any opportunity to respond to the responses.


The mechanical response of p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPTA) single fibers when subjected to uniaxial compression is investigated computationally using coarse-grained molecular statics/dynamics methods. In order to construct the coarse-grained PPTA model (specifically, in order to define the nature of the coarse-grained particles/beads and to parameterize various components of the bead/bead force-field functions), the results of an all-atom molecular-level computational investigation are used. In addition, the microstructure/topology of the fiber core, consisting of a number of coaxial crystalline fibrils, is taken into account. Also, following our prior work, various PPTA crystallographic/topological defects are introduced into the model (at concentrations consistent with the prototypical PPTA synthesis/processing conditions). The analysis carried out clearly revealed (a) formation of the kink bands during axial compression; (b) the role of defects in promoting the formation of kink bands; (c) the stimulating effects of some defects on the fiber-fibrillation process; and (d) the detrimental effect of the prior compression, associated with fiber fibrillation, on the residual longitudinal-tensile strength of the PPTA fibers.


One of the missions of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) is to raise public and political awareness of lung disease. A major initiative to help achieve this goal was the 2010 Year of the Lung; a year dedicated to promoting lung health. A particular highlight of the year was a global lung function testing event, the first-ever World Spirometry Day which was held on October 14, 2010 [1]. Another major initiative was the ERS pre-ministerial conference on "Chronic respiratory diseases – exploring solutions in the EU" held on October 19, 2010, in partnership with the Belgian presidency of the Council of the EU. The ERS was invited to present its recommendations on chronic diseases at the ministerial conference on October 20, 2010 [2]. The official Council conclusions reflected the collective efforts of the ERS to raise the profile of chronic diseases [3]. As a continuation and expansion of these actions, the ERS has embarked on the publication of the European Respiratory Roadmap [4].

"A roadmap provides an extended look at the future of a chosen field of inquiry composed from the collective knowledge and imagination of the brightest drivers of change in that field" [5]. The European Respiratory Roadmap (hereafter "roadmap"), the first of its kind, seeks to serve as a basis for the respiratory community to communicate with key decision and policy makers on the importance of a focused strategy for respiratory medicine. It aims to outline, in four main chapters, the future needs of respiratory medicine in terms of changes in clinical practice, patient empowerment, expected new models of care delivery, and prevention strategies. It highlights the major research challenges that still persist, and how the training and education of health professionals will need to change and adapt …


Teachers' colleges or universities in central China are faced with two challenges:one is the reform of professionalism of teacher education,and the other is call of serving rural development.It is advisable for these colleges or universities to break through teaching practice first to answer the two challenges by constructing base school in rural primary or middle school,set up network of teacher education and serve straightly rural development with their superiority of science and technology.


Simultaneous separation of source, propagation path, and local site effects from observed strong motion records is carried out by an inversion method in the frequency range from 0.5 to 20 Hz for the purpose of empirical evaluation of the local site effects in different geological conditions. The analyzed data are S-wave portions of 74 accelerograms from 18 events observed at 14 sites in northwestern part of Turkey. These events are shallow earthquakes with magnitude from 3.0 to 5.2 and hypocentral distance from 10 to 90 km. A linear inversion method is applied to the logarithm of the observed spectra, and solutions for source spectra, inelasticity factor of propagation path for S-waves (Qs-value), and factor of site amplification at each site are obtained in least squares sense. In the inversion, we assumed the factor of site amplification at the reference site 1101 is the same as that of theoretical amplification of S-waves to the soil model whose bottom layer has an S-wave velocity (Vs) around 2100 m/s. The factors of site amplification Gj(f) obtained in the present study at each site are verified by comparisons with the theoretical transfer functions. The estimated Qs-value of the propagation path is modeled as Qs(f )=49.28f . Furthermore, we compare the amplifications with average Vs in top 30 meters of the S-wave profiles (Vs30) and proposed linear empirical formula between them at each frequency.


Objective:Discuss diagnosis of early esophageal cancer X-ray signs,in order to improve the correct diagnosis rate.Method:From October to December in 2006 the X-ray signs of menstrual endoscopy confirmed 68 cases was analyzed.Results:X-ray results:esophageal mucosa plica slight change in 14 cases,limitations superficial filling defect in 12 cases,wall limitations function change or stiff 15 cases,2 cases of small niche,mucosal coarsening,damage,distortion discontinuous 10 cases,mild stenosis lumen in 2 cases,not visible lesions 13 cases,cancer detection rate is 80.9%.Conclusion:Digital X-ray machine diagnosis of early esophageal cancer,convenient,easy to accept.Small lesions need with endoscope diagnosis iodine staining.


Abstract : Detailed information on the role of psychological testing in the selection process for NASA astronauts has been reported only in a fragmentary manner because of the sensitive nature of this information. With the lapse of time since the initiation of the U.S. manned space program, this information has become essentially of only historic interest. However, because of the current activity in the European space agency, where there is a requirement for astronaut selection, psychometric procedures and data are of renewed scientific interest. An overview of the psychometric process and extensive statistical analyses are reported. (Author)


M.P.P. and C.T.S. are thankful to FCT for doctoral and postdoctoral Grants No. SFRH/BD/43440/2008 and No. SFRH/BPD/82010/2011, respectively. J.V. acknowledges financial support through FSE/POPH. M.V. thanks the Spanish Ministry of Economia y Competitividad, MEC, under Project No. MAT2010-20798-C05-01. J.P.A. also thanks the Fundacao Gulbenkian for its financial support within the "Programa Gulbenkian de Estimulo a Investigacao Cientifica." The authors acknowledge funding from FCT through the Associated Laboratory: IN.


Project management plays an important role in the modern economy and public administration. Trends in project management have a significant impact on the performance of companies, public organizations, and programs for the socio-economic development in Russia. One of the interesting developments in project management is the expansion of hybrid methodologies, which combine tools and approaches of flexible and predictive approaches.This article aims to study the forms, results, and types of hybrid project management methodologies through the lens of the concept of organizational ambidexterity. Methodologically, the research is based on a systematic review of the Russian-language scientific literature on project management hybrid methodologies and organizational ambidexterity, as well as a qualitative content analysis of selected papers.The results of the study indicate that there are significant similarities between key aspects of hybrid methodologies and organizational ambidexterity. The authors conclude that hybrid project management methodologies can be considered as the instruments of organizational ambidexterity. As practical recommendations, the authors propose to expand the use of hybrid methodologies in the management of not only project-based firms, but also in other organizations, as well as in the management of socio-economic programs, especially in conditions of high uncertainty. The potential of hybrid methodologies to improve organizational ambidexterity and thereby simultaneously ensure the stability and flexibility organizations makes them invaluable tools to increase the resistance organizations and strategic programs to technological disruptions, socio-economic crises, and global shocks.