The private label strategy has been adopted by retailers who seek a competitive advantage through the commercialization of products sold under their brand names. This strategy has created a new demand for suppliers, who need to reevaluate their manufacturing structures in order to decide whether or not they should produce such goods. Aiming to analyze the manufacturing strategy adopted by suppliers of private labels, we conducted a qualitative research based on six case studies with private label manufacturers and classified them according to their reported competitive priorities. All the companies considered quality as their top priority, but diverged between flexibility, cost and service as their secondary and third priorities. We highlight the fact that private label strategies do not determine, but rather influence decisions on manufacturing strategy.


There is a tendency to view the development of antimalarial-drug resistance as an inevitable outcome of the drugs' widespread use. Yet resistance has been accelerated by the way the drugs are used and by the social and economic conditions in which they are used.


The state-of-the-art methods of synthesis of nanomaterials in many cases are not able to produce controlled "nano-engineered" nanomaterials that include several sub-nanosized structurally or functionally organized components. The solution to these problems may be a range of emerging hybrid systems. The currently developed structured and hierarchical hybrid systems are designed for the purposes of reducing energy consumption, increasing the efficiency of processes, and reducing the consumption of expensive components. The use of hybrid nanomaterials provides eco-friendly solutions for environmental problems (purification and remediation of water, air, and soil from harmful compounds including polychlorinated hydrocarbons, chromium, mercury, arsenic, etc.), disposal of waste (lignocellulosic waste biomass, plastic wastes, asphaltenes etc.), and the production of new fuels and products of fine organic synthesis (drugs, polymers), meeting the needs of future generations. Especially hopes are associated with the use of hybrid materials as catalysts for various processes. Hybrid materials and hybrid nanomaterials differ from composites and nanocomposites: (1) Each component of the hybrid system itself has a highly organized structure at the molecular and nanoscale level, and the combination of components leads, in turn, to an additionally organized nanostructure constructed from two or more structures of components. (2) The components of the hybrid system interact with each other to form a chemical structure. (3) The properties of the hybrid system are determined by the set of properties of the components, while their additivity and synergy may result in new properties that were not observed in the original components. There are already numerous examples of how combinations of different materials exhibit improved properties compared to individual substances. A hybrid material may consist only of inorganic components or only of organic components. Of particular interest are the materials constructed simultaneously from organic and inorganic components, between which there are regular chemical bonds. As an example, we can consider a material in which, for example, inorganic fibers or nanoparticles are distributed in a polymer or organic matrix and, on the contrary, organic particles and clusters are included in the structure of the inorganic matrix. There may also exist more complex threeand multicomponent organo-inorganic hybrid systems. The number of organic building blocks is huge, so the number of possible compositions is very large. Accordingly, the number of new hybrid materials is unlimited. The ultimate result of the interaction between the components of the hybrid system from the point of view of the target function of the material can be (1) averaging of the component properties in a hybrid material, (2) strengthening or improving any function inherent in one of the components by interacting with the second component, (3) adding a property of one material to the list of properties of the second material, (4) synergism


Issues surrounding accurate assessment of depression in children have received much attention. However, the stability of scores from depression measures has generally been estimated using only classical test score theory, rather than the more powerful generalizability theory. The dependability of scores from the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) was investigated using both generalizability and classical test score analyses. Data from 164 children aged 11 to 16 years from small Texas communities were the basis for the analysis. Results suggest that the sources of error variance interact to decrease the dependability of CDI scores. Several sample measurement protocols were also investigated. The results indicate that depression in children might be better assessed using planned multiple testing sessions to reflect depression more accurately. Two tables present study findings, and there is an appendix of selected study results. (Author/SLD) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *******************************************************************f***


Squeeze the present invention is to provide an aircraft comprising a shock absorbing device capable of reducing the remaining area. In the present invention, shock absorbing absorbent material constituting the device (10A) (14, 17), the absorbent material (17, 20) of the back by the type of cross-section the coupling member of the ashtray-like (23, 26) provided in the transport to this It is coupled to. Absorbent material 20 positioned in the rear is coupled to a first base (29) by welding. Collapsed absorbent region (15, 18, 21) of absorbent material (14, 17, 20) by a load acting on 14, 17 and 20 is the length of the shorter distorted. Absorbing material (14, 17) squeeze the remaining regions (16, 19) squeeze the remaining area (19, 22) of absorbent material (17, 20) of the back and the overlap. Squeeze the remaining area (16, 19, 22) is because it is possible to shorten the dimension in the longitudinal direction of the shock absorber entire remaining area of the squeeze because rectify in the recess of the coupling member (23, 26).


The development of a directional, small-divergence, and short-duration picosecond x-ray probe beam with an energy greater than 50 keV is desirable for high energy density science experiments. We therefore explore through particle-in-cell (PIC) computer simulations the possibility of using x-rays radiated by betatron-like motion of electrons from a self-modulated laser wakefield accelerator as a possible candidate to meet this need. Two OSIRIS 2D PIC simulations with mobile ions are presented, one with a normalized vector potential a0  =  1.5 and the other with an a0  =  3. We find that in both cases direct laser acceleration (DLA) is an important additional acceleration mechanism in addition to the longitudinal electric field of the plasma wave. Together these mechanisms produce electrons with a continuous energy spectrum with a maximum energy of 300 MeV for a0  =  3 case and 180 MeV in the a0  =  1.5 case. Forward-directed x-ray radiation with a photon energy up to 100 keV was calculated for the a0  =  3 case and up to 12 keV for the a0  =  1.5 case. The x-ray spectrum can be fitted with a sum of two synchrotron spectra with critical photon energies of 13 and 45 keV for the a0 of 3 and critical photon energies of 0.3 and 1.4 keV for a0 of 1.5 in the plane of polarization of the laser. The full width at half maximum divergence angle of the x-rays was 62  ×  1.9 mrad for a0  =  3 and 77  ×  3.8 mrad for a0  =  1.5.


We consider the problem of carrying an initial Bloch vector to a final Bloch vector in a specified amount of time under the action of three control fields (a vector control field). We show that this control problem is solvable and therefore it is possible to optimize the control. We choose the physically motivated criteria of minimum energy spent in the control, minimum magnitude of the rate of change of the control and a combination of both. We find exact analytical solutions.


Knowledge is one of the most critical organizational resources, and Knowledge Management (KM) has been identified as one of the key aspects in organizational strategic management. In addition to creating functional value by protecting and utilizing organizational knowledge, strategic knowledge management also serves as a central nerve system within the organization that facilitates organizational learning, organizes the market intelligence about customers and competitors, maximizes the value of organizational knowledge, and contributes towards superior organizational performances. The objectives of this chapter are to develop a theoretical model that delineates the relationship among several organizational variables that are of strategic importance to performance, including Market Orientation (MO), Learning Orientation (LO), and KM. A national survey was conducted to collect information from managers of Canadian manufacturing companies. A total of 307 informants returned the survey. Data was analyzed using Structure Equation Modeling (SEM). The results demonstrate that a firm's KM mediates the positive influences from the firm's LO and MO on market performance.


Permanent form of junctional reciprocating tachycardia (PJRT) is an uncommon form of atrioventricular (AV) reentrant tachycardia which usually occurs in children and young adults due to the presence of an accessory pathway characterised by slow and decremental retrograde conduction (1,2). The ECG hallmark is an incessant narrowcomplex tachycardia with inverted P waves in leads II, III, aVF, as well as left lateral leads and an RP interval longer than the PR interval. Although its incessant character is known to cause tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy in up to 30% of cases, PJRT mimicking sick sinus syndrome (SSS) has not yet been reported. We report a 23-yearold male with PJRT who was referred with a clinical picture of SSS and cured with successful ablation of PJRT. Case Report


Normal temperature acid pickling has many advantages such as energy saving, low corrosion to steel substrate and less acid fog, but scaling rate is lower. The effects of different process parameters in normal temperature rapid acid pickling on scaling rate and corrosion weight loss were investigated to find out the optimal formula and conditions. Results demonstrate that sodium dodecyl sulfate, oxalic acid, OP-10, additive, and phosphoric acid except urotropine are beneficial to the increase of scaling rate. The scaling rate based the optimal formula is about three times as high as that of hydrochloric acid pickling.


This paper suggests the improved BP network based on the cumulative errors and dynamic regulation network parameters, which can be used to search for joint optimal operation rules of three water supply reservoirs in the urban water resources in Xian city. The research results indicate that as compared with traditional algorithm,the improved BP network can reflect not only the complicated non linear relationships between decision variables and influencing factors in reservoir operations, but also the interrelationships among reservoir groups in the process of operations. Also, Improved BP network is easy to use.


This text suggests ways to improve literacy instruction for all children, particularly those who are at risk and often do not succeed in the classroom. It corresponds to the growing consensus among researchers and educators: that prevention of learning problems makes more sense than remediation.


Background.  Elevated circulating homocysteine is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Increased homocysteine plasma levels have been reported to occur in approximately 20–30% of women with preeclampsia and it has been suggested that they may predict the subsequent development of preeclampsia.


Forest fires are one of the phenomena that occur in peatlands in Indonesia. This incident is due to changes in landuse in peatland and occurs repeatedly over a certain period of time. This study aims to monitor and identify burnt areas and landuse changes in the Kahayan River and Sebangau Peat Hydrological Unit (PHU) Central Kalimantan. The analysis was carried out on the Landsat imagery data series and landcover data from Ministry of Environment and Forestry Indonesia from 2014-2019. Analysis conducted with identifying burnt area using the Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) and intersected with landcover data in that area. The results of the analysis show that forest fires affect landuse changes. Landuses that were significantly affected by forest fires notably shrub swamps, plantations, and dry land farming. Landuse decrease in shrubs swamps by 18% (± 2000 ha) and increase in plantation land by 840% (± 4000 ha) and dry land farming by 6357% (± 9400 ha) prior to forest fires.


In this paper we present an experimental prototype of an expert system for the diagnosis of mechanical flaws in vehicles, from real-time interaction. This system is a diagnostic tool for mechanical technicians, empirical practitioners and people with basic knowledge of car mechanics and can also be used as an intelligent tutoring system for a car mechanics course.


Application progress of cold sterilization in the storage and processing of aquatic products was reviewed in this paper.The principles,advantages and disadvantages,and application of several cold sterilization technologies in the storage and processing of aquatic products,such as ultra high pressure technology,ozone sterilization,high voltage pulsed electric fields sterilization,irradiation sterilization,pulsed light sterilization,microwave sterilization,and biology sterilization were introduced.Finally,the prospects of cold sterilization were briefly discussed.The article is hoped to offer beneficial reference for the wider application of cold sterilization and provide some suggestion for the study of quality and safety of aquatic products.


Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) are a group of enzymes that remove phosphate groups from phosphorylated tyrosine residues on proteins. A specific PTP, Low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMW-PTP), impacts processes such as embryonic development and tumor dispersion. Its over expression in the cell also leads to increased cellular motility as well as invasiveness. The effects of LMW-PTP on various biological processes make it a target for a diverse set of small molecule inhibitors. A known natural product inhibitor of LMW-PTP is pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP). PLP displays tight binding to LMW-PTP with a docking score of -7.266 and a Kis = 7.6 μM (pH 5.0), but lacks the specificity required to be an effective inhibitor. The scope of this research is to model inhibitors of LMW-PTP human isoform II after the natural product PLP, specifically carboxylic acid derivatives of the structure. These analogues will be tested in vitro using a biological assay.


In the last several years, there has been a
marked improvement in the development of new algorithms for solving Linear Goal
programming (LGP). This paper presents a survey of current methods
for LGP.


Environmental factors, such as soil height, plant age, soil conditions, maintenance, and plant seeds influence the content of secondary metabolites in an organism. The growing conditions can also affect the content of active compounds in plants. Xanthone is an active compound in Garcinia mangostana Linn. One of its derivatives is α-mangostin, which has antioxidant, anticancer, antituberculosis and antihistamine effects. This study aimed to determine the effects of growing conditions on the levels of α-mangosteen in mangosteen leaf extract using Thin Layer Chromatography-Densitometry. Standard solution of α-mangosteen and ethyl acetate extract of mangosteen leaves (A and B samples) were analyzed with Camag TLC Scanner 3 using silica gel 60 F254 stationary phase and chloroform-ethyl acetate mobile phase (9:1). The results showed that the Rf values for standard solution of α-mangostin, sample A, and sample B were 0.65, 0.62, and 0.62, respectively. Meanwhile, the levels obtained from samples A and B were 2.10% ± 0.0755 and 2.07% ± 0.0321, respectively. Different growing conditions did not affect the level of α-mangostin ethyl acetate extract of mangosteen leaves.


In this study, age, growth, sex ratio, size at first sexual maturity, gonad development (GSI) and food habit of Leuciscus vorax (Heckel, 1843) in Al-Diwaniya River, middle of Iraq were described between November 2016 and October 2017. L. vorax constituted about 6.4% % of the fish assemblage. The total length of all individuals ranged from 10.2 to 55.5 cm, the length-weight relationship was calculated as W= 0.007L 3.035 and isometric growth was observed. The mean value of the relative condition factor was 0.98. von Bertalanffy growth parameters were L∞= 61.0 cm, K= 0.227 and t0= -0.196 years. The growth performance index (Φ) was found to be 2.93. The overall male to female ratio was 1:1.51. Length at maturity was 29 cm for males and 31 cm for females. The maximum gonado-somatic index was in January then dropped dramatically for both sex, suggest that the species may spawn in February. The feeding intensity and feeding activity were low during winter and high during summer. The species is a carnivore fed mainly on fish, shrimps, aquatic insects, and crustacean. In conclusion, it is found that the population of L. vorax reflects the expected and previously observed features of the species in natural waters, but it is necessary to activate the national law of fishing, exploiting and protecting aquatic resources to continuation the fish populations in the river as an economic resource.


The super heat of electrolyte has strong relationship with the form of the freeze profile in aluminum reduction cells, and it also has important influence on THREE FIELD of aluminum reduction cells. In this paper, based on 154 kA aluminum reduction cells with four side risers, influence of super heat on electric field,magnetic field and flow field of aluminum reduction cells has been studied. The results indicate that super heat has little influence on current distribution of cathode and anode as well as average magnetic field. When the super heat increases, the current density of melt decreases and maximal and average flow rate of melt increases a little.


ABSTRACT This paper discusses the FATF and its relationship with other normative frameworks (security, human rights), and actors (states, private institutions, civil society). It explains how the FATF, was appropriated willingly by states, beyond the peer-pressure, or financial repercussions explanations. It finds that one of these reasons was that states could use them to their own benefit through 'rhetorical adaptation'. At the same time, it explains that the FATF's frameworks go beyond merely being 'vague and broad'; they are erroneous in terms of their methodology and contradict certain human rights such as the freedom of association, and the rights to due procedure. To illustrate this, it takes the case of India which has been coerced by the FATF to amend its security legislations to comply with its standards, but which has also instrumentally used these standards against minorities and political dissenters – particularly those that have organized themselves into some form of association (a segment specifically identified by the FATF as being vulnerable to money laundering and financing terrorism). Despite drawing attention to these issues, the FATF continues to operate with empty promises, and the standards continue to be supported and endorsed by the UN mechanisms, in what would otherwise be 'hypocrisy'. This is because the FATF and the UN too, operate within institutional and material limitations – in this case, that its primary members are states or (in fact) representatives of the states, for whom security and political expediency stand at the forefront. Under these circumstances, the organizational doublespeak is but necessary.


With the further promotion of the electricity market reform, all commercial and industrial users will be joined the electricity market. The key to promote the power system reform is the handling of electricity price cross-subsidies properly. Considering the structure of users in the electricity market, a demand-side cross-subsidy pricing model established by the floating price theory was proposed. Then, a supply-side cross-subsidy apportionment scheme was proposed, which was based on electricity consumption, transmission power and user type. Based on them, a pool-based cross-subsidy balancing mechanism for the electricity market was constructed. The experiments confirms that the proposed cross-subsidy accounting method and balancing mechanism can effectively solve the problems, which include over-subsidy, unfair responsibility sharing and imbalance of income and expenditure. By this way, the accurate subsidy and accurate apportionment of cross-subsidy will be realized. The method proposed in this paper can precisely reduce the scale of cross-subsidies with maintaining the balance between supply and demand, and it can provide reference for eliminating cross-subsidy gradually in the future.


p53 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes, in part, by regulating whole body energy homeostasis. Conflicting evidence from mice with global alterations in p53 expression suggests the effects of p53 on metabolism are tissue-specific. Despite the critical metabolic role of the hepatocyte, the role of hepatocyte p53 is undefined. Bariatric surgery, such as vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG), causes high rates of type 2 diabetes remission and improves energy homeostasis at the cellular level. To define the role of hepatocyte p53 in metabolic regulation and the impact of VSG in this context, we performed VSG or sham (S) surgery in high fat diet-fed male hepatocyte-specific p53 knockout (KO) and wild type (WT) mice (n=9-12). Sham-operated mice were fed ad libitum (S-AL) or food restricted to match their body weight to VSG-operated mice (S-WM). Body weight, food intake, adiposity, energy expenditure, and oral glucose tolerance were measured. Hepatocyte p53 ablation increased body weight which was corrected by food restriction and VSG (final weight (g): S-AL-WT=33±1, S-WM-WT=27±1, VSG-WT=29±1, S-AL-KO=38±1, S-WM-KO=28±1, VSG-KO=28±1, P Disclosure M.M. Holter: None. D. Garibay: None. A.K. McGavigan: None. L. Nguyen: None. E. Moore: None. E. Daugherity: None. P. Cohen: None. K.M. Kelly: None. R. Weiss: None. B. Cummings: None. Funding Cornell University; National Cancer Institute (R21CA195002)


An alternating frequency/time domain method (AFT) is presented to calculate the dynamic characteristics of damping blade systems accurately. The dynamic response of damping blade systems is predicted based on the microslip dry friction model,and the computational accuracy and efficiency are compared with those by the time domain method and the frequency domain method. The results indicate of that under certain parameter conditions,the calculation time of AFT method is similar to that of the one-term harmonic balance method (HBM) and is just ten percent of that of the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method,and the relative error of the result with the AFT method is less than half that with HBM. These findings confirm the practicability of the AFT method in computing dynamic response of damping blade systems based on the microslip dry friction model. Unlike HBM,the AFT method can achieve the accuracy of microslip dry friction model in dynamics analysis and has high computational efficiency.


was journeying homewards one midnight, lying prostrate on the steps of St. Andrew's churchyard in Holborn Hill, actually perishing through disease and famine. He conveyed her in a hackney coach to three or four of the large hospitals, with a hope of obtaining admission, but not being provided with the necessary letters, they all refused her, and so it seemed she must die upon the hard streets. Marsden felt shame and indignation at such a state of things as this, and he determined it should exist no longer. Disease and destitution, he contended, should be the only passports to the hospital. The poor dying girl, who was friendless in London, was eventually taken by Mr. Marsden to a lodging, where, two days afterwards, she died, unrecognised by a human being. This distressing event, although The^oyalFreeby no means one of unfrequent occurrence at that period, determined William Marsden to found a hospital on the principle of free and instant admission,, in order to provide, if possible, for all cases o? a similar nature. This idea he communicated


Examining causes of death and making comparisons across countries may increase understanding of the income-related differences in life expectancy. We describe income-related differences in life expectancy and causes of death in Norway and compare with US estimates.

 A registry-based study including all Norwegian residents above age 40 between 2005 and 2015. Exposure was household income adjusted for household size and outcomes were life expectancy at age 40 and cause specific mortality.

 3 041 828 persons contributed 25 805 277 person years and 441 768 deaths in the study period (mean age: 59.3 (SD, 13.6). Life expectancy was highest for women with the top 1% income at 86.4 (95% CI, 85.7 to 87.1) years, 8.4 (95% CI, 7.2 to 9.6) years longer than women in the lowest 1% income. Men with the lowest 1% income had the lowest life expectancy at 70.6 years (95% CI, 69.6 to 71.6), 13.8 years (95% CI, 12.3 to 15.2) less than men with the top 1% income. From 2005 - 2015, the differences in life expectancy by income increased, largely attributable to deaths from cardiovascular disease, cancers, COPD and dementia in older age groups and substance use deaths and suicides in the younger. Over the same period, women in the top income quartile gained 3.2 years (95% CI, 2.7 to 3.7), while life expectancy for women in the lowest income quartile was reduced by 0.4 years (95% CI, -1.0 to 0.2). For men, the top quartile gained 3.1 years (95% CI, 2.5 to 3.7) and the bottom gained 0.9 years (95% CI, 0.2 to 1.6). Differences in life expectancy by income levels in Norway were similar to those observed in the United States, but life expectancy was higher in Norway in the lower to middle part of the income distribution.

 In Norway, there were substantial and increasing gaps in life expectancy by income from 2005 - 2015. The largest differences in life expectancy between Norway and US were for people in the lower to middle part of the income distribution.

 In Norway, a country with a largely tax financed universal health care system and moderate income differences, life expectancy by income are substantial and have increased between 2005 and 2015. The largest differences in life expectancy between Norway and US were for people in the lower to middle part of the income distribution.


Catfish is one of the most widely cultivated freshwater fish. Bogor is a district and a city that has considerable potential for Catfish farming. This is because the consumption of Catfish is pretty much absorbed by the DKI Jakarta and Bogor city become penyedianya. In 2016 alone, the level of consumption of Catfish in Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi (Jabodetabek) is very high. The needs of Jabodetabek community will Catfish reaches 120 tons per day. As quoted from an article, from the amount of these needs, Bogor can only produce Catfish as much as 30 tons per day. This of course becomes an opportunity and a prospect for Catfish farming. This study aims to identify the condition of internal environment and external environment in Surya Kencana Farm. Formulate alternative marketing strategies for Surya Kencana Farm. Determining priority marketing strategy for Surya Kencana Farm. This study uses SWOT analysis to determine alternative choice of marketing strategy for Surya Kencana Farm. Then proceed with QSPM to determine the best strategy that Surya Kencana Farm can do. The results of the analysis with the SWOT and QSPM matrices, obtained alternative strategies that can be implemented, namely utilizing IT progress, such as websites and the internet to inform Lele Sangkuriang product quality, and informing about organic Sangkuriang Catfish produced by SKF is a priority strategy that can be done by SKF.


We propose two novel methods of determining nonideal Schottky and p‐n junction diodes parameters from I–V plots. The series resistance Rs, saturation current Is, as well as the bias‐dependent ideality factor n(V), can be obtained from two successive I–V measurements—one solely of the diode and the other with an external resistance added in series with the measured diode. Our analysis confirms that the methods produce accurate and reliable results even when the conventional techniques fail, such as when we have strongly varying function n(V) in the presence of series resistance and an experimental noise.


We present an undirected version of the recently introduced flow-augmentation technique: Given an undirected multigraph $G$ with distinguished vertices $s,t \in V(G)$ and an integer $k$, one can in randomized $k^{O(1)} \cdot (|V(G)| + |E(G)|)$ time sample a set $A \subseteq \binom{V(G)}{2}$ such that the following holds: for every inclusion-wise minimal $st$-cut $Z$ in $G$ of cardinality at most $k$, $Z$ becomes a minimum-cardinality cut between $s$ and $t$ in $G+A$ (i.e., in the multigraph $G$ with all edges of $A$ added) with probability $2^{-O(k \log k)}$. Compared to the version for directed graphs [STOC 2022], the version presented here has improved success probability ($2^{-O(k \log k)}$ instead of $2^{-O(k^4 \log k)}$), linear dependency on the graph size in the running time bound, and an arguably simpler proof. An immediate corollary is that the Bi-objective $st$-Cut problem can be solved in randomized FPT time $2^{O(k \log k)} (|V(G)|+|E(G)|)$ on undirected graphs.


Surface waves traversing polar marginal ice zones (MIZs) generate a boundary layer immediately below the ice, similar in some respects to the wave boundary layer created at the seabed in shallow water. The wave–ice boundary layer has not yet been thoroughly measured, but it can significantly affect wave attenuation rates. In December 2021, we conducted a laboratory experiment designed to measure such a boundary layer and the associated attenuation, in which monochromatic waves propagated through broken surface ice in a salt water tank. A particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) instrument array was submerged in the tank and used to visualize the fluid motion under the moving ice. The surface was tracked at multiple locations with acoustic sensors and cameras mounted over the tank. A total of 64 trials were completed, each producing 3–6 s of highly resolved velocity time series and 30–40 s of surface elevation data. Preliminary analysis of the data has provided strong evidence of a boundary layer at the water–ice interface. The wave attenuation rates compare well with existing datasets. The vertical profiles of RMS velocities and wave-induced Reynolds stress have trends similar to the theoretical predictions, while the quantitative discrepancies in terms of numerical values are discussed. This is the first of two such experiments; the second is tentatively scheduled for early 2023.


Restructured pork chops were formulated using boneless pork shoulders, 1% NaCl and .25% sodium tripolyphosphate (STP). Experimental treatment included (1) 90% pork—10% dried apples (A), (2) 100% pork (C), (3) 90% pork—10% corn crumbs (CC), and (4) 90% pork—10% mushrooms (M). All samples were stored at —20°C until evaluation at 10 or 70d. Corn crumbs appeared to have less potential as an enhancer due to their adverse effect on color, overall appearance, texture, tenderness and flavor. Dried apples appeared to impair product cohesion more than overall product and color stability. Mushrooms appeared to be a viable source for flavor and appearance enhancement. Among nonmeat ingredients evaluated, none enhanced texture. Storage time had minimal effect on product tenderness.


Decentralized from decision-making processes, women have been placed at the periphery. Their silencing has been fundamental and intentional on the part of patriarchal institutions, for the sake of keeping them behind the discursive scene. To this effect, this paper examines the rebirth of women from prior states whereby they used to be denied the right to sprout the wings towards language within a 'logocentric' society. A deep dive into Helen Cixous's "The Laugh of the Medusa"[i] provides grassroots for allowing a woman to transform silence into articulation. The poetry of Anne Sexton is a case study to witness the drastic change from a crippling fear of speaking into an audacity of a number of speakers in "Lullaby", "Music Swims Back to Me" and "The Exorcists" to acquire language with which every female orator will be equipped to conquer the masculinist world without anxiety.

[i] The Laugh of the Medusa will be referred to as "TLM".


Extrudates from wheat starch and corn starch, were compared with plastic foam under cyclic tests. Effects of the following factors on the three cushioning materials were examined—crosshead speeds, force levels, and repeated compressions. The total energy absorption and energy absorption of each cycle were studied. The wheat starch extrudate had the most total energy absorption and energy absorption of each cycle. The corn starch extrudate was second, and the plastic foam had much lower energy absorption. All three materials had different responses to the crosshead speed. Wheat starch and corn starch extrudates had maximum energy absorptions at 200 and 100 mm/min (0.656 and 0.328 ft/min), respectively. Although the plastic foam displayed no significant trend, the crosshead speed did affect its energy absorption. Repeated compressions showed consistent effects on the materials, energy absorption was decreased significantly with each successive compression.


ABSTRACTRecently scholars have paid increasing attention to the importance of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in advancing an entrepreneurial society. One important subsystem of the ecosystem is public policy because of its role in shaping entrepreneurial outcomes. Subsequently, this paper explores how entrepreneurial thought has shifted public policy from a managed economy towards an entrepreneurial society. To unpack the relationship between the entrepreneurial ecosystem, entrepreneurship policy and the impact on entrepreneurial activity, we explore the entrepreneurial society further by conceptualizing the entrepreneurial ecosystem and its dimensions. We then lever the GEM data, to empirically examine the entrepreneurial ecosystem, from 2001-2012. Our findings highlight that several aspects of the entrepreneurial ecosystem are diminishing. Further, the rate of early stage entrepreneurial activity has been declining and there has been an increase in the rate of business deaths. We find preliminary evidence that the entrepreneurial ecosystem has weakened.Keywords: entrepreneurial society, entrepreneurial ecosystems, entrepreneurial economy, entrepreneurship policy, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor.INTRODUCTIONAn entrepreneurial society (Audretsch, 2007) is based on people advocating individually driven values that promote innovative venturing as a desirable career option. It is the pervasive socio-economic mindset of thinking in terms of opportunities (Thurik, 2008). In turn, this society recognizes the pivotal role entrepreneurship plays in fueling economic growth (Audretsch, 2007). Yet, there are only practical, if imperfect, road maps to jumpstart venturing activities, and governments play a pivotal role in cultivating such environments, or ecosystems, that nurture and sustain entrepreneurship (Isenberg, 2010). The ecosystems approach highlights the complex inter-linkages among a variety of participants in an entrepreneurial society (e.g., entrepreneurs, educators, corporations, the media and a diverse set of government ministries) and the importance of the incentives the various actors encounter as they push towards an entrepreneurship-friendly environment (Wessner, 2004). As a result, the desire to foster an entrepreneurial society among practitioners and academics, alike, has reinforced the significance of entrepreneurial ecosystems in linking multiple stakeholders to foster and sustain venturing.A key component of the entrepreneurial ecosystem is public policy. Public policies are designed and implemented to address specific problems. Lundstrom and Stevenson (2005) define entrepreneurship policy as measures taken to stimulate entrepreneurship; that are aimed at the pre-start, the start-up and post-start-up phases of the entrepreneurial process; designed and delivered to address the areas of motivation, opportunity and skills; with the primary objective of encouraging more people to start their own businesses. Thus, entrepreneurship policy covers measures undertaken to establish entrepreneur-friendly legal and regulatory frameworks intended to foster the process of entrepreneurship in an economy. Incremental changes in policy are then made to entrepreneurship policies as new challenges arise. However, instances occur when significant new challenges appear that established systems of managing them are judged inadequate. Fortunately, a main aspect of public policy is to capture and promote such changes during these challenges. This process coincides with an ecosystems perspective of entrepreneurship.An ecosystem approach suggests that, first, a system is not fixed but evolutionary, growing and evolving according to new needs and new circumstances. Secondly, a system is susceptible to change as a result of new policy initiatives. The ecosystems concept is useful because it highlights both the changes that take place in an entrepreneurial system and the need for policy to address the complex challenges faced by entrepreneurs. …


For large real estate conglomerates, management range of parent company grows rapidly in cross-regional operations. What conglomerate leaders are most concerned with are those important strategic issues of how to retain coherence of the company's strategic goals through out its developments and operations in places other than where the company locates, fast response to the market changes, control of the financial costs, and increased corporate brand influence. In cross-regional operations of large conglomerates, those issues are also problems need immediate solutions, and the key to which can be information-based management, a strategy of constructing information-based decision-making platform that consists parent company, regional company and project company. In an attempt to put forward a useful method to solve the problem, this article analyses the strategic issues China's large real estate conglomerates meet in constructing information platforms.


IEEE 802.11b standard, also known as Wi-Fi, is one of the most used wireless communication system. Location of a mobile device using IEEE 802.11b communication infrastructure has a lot of advantages, first of all the use of the same hardware/software needed by the mobile device to communicate. Literature presents many approaches for localisation based on Wi-Fi; one of the most known features the use of the pattern-matching algorithm. Localisation based on pattern-matching algorithm is mainly realised in indoor environment; outdoor localisations based on Wi-Fi and pattern matching algorithm is currently missing in literature. For this reason, one of the aims of the paper is to present and evaluate outdoor use of this algorithm based on IEEE 802.11b communication system. Further, the paper present a novel approach for localisation, aimed to reduce the complexity of the pattern-matching algorithm. Performance evaluations were presented in the paper in order to clearly assess the outdoor localisation errors achievable when using the proposed approach


We demonstrated the construction and performance of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) based on nanoparticles of TiO2 coated with thin shells of MgO by simple solution growth technique. The XRD patterns confirm the presence of both TiO2 and MgO in the core-shell structure. The effect of varied shell thickness on the photovoltaic performance of the core-shell structured electrode is also investigated. We found that MgO shells of all thicknesses perform as barriers that improve open-circuit voltage (Voc) of the DSCs only at the expense of a larger decrease in short-circuit current density (Jsc). The energy conversion efficiency was greatly dependent on the thickness of MgO on TiO2 film, and the highest efficiency of 4.1% was achieved at the optimum MgO shell layer.


Orientation: The success or failure of organisations depends on the quality of programmes designed and implemented for improving the performance and productivity of their staff members.Research purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify and analyse the causal factors for the lack of alignment between the performance development plans (PDPs) with the training and development plans (TDPs) of the staff of the South African Social Security Agency (SASSA) in the Gauteng Province from the period 2015 to 2020.Motivation for the study: The study was based on the assumption that training and development aimed at equipping staff with skills and knowledge to perform better should be informed by PDPs.Research approach/design and method: To investigate this relationship, the study used a qualitative research approach to collect data through in-depth telephonic interviews and digital platforms such as Zoom and document analysis.Main findings: The study found that within SASSA the staff PDPs are not aligned with the TDPs of the organisation; hence, there is negative performance and underspending on the budget for training and development which renders PDPs ineffective.Practical/managerial implications: This article proposes effective strategies that can be implemented from the 2024–2025 financial year going forward to enable SASSA to be an effective learning organisation and to ensure the alignment of PDPs with both staff and organisational TDPs.Contribution/value-add: The study concludes that digital learning, training and development programmes and epistemologies aimed at improving individual and organisational performance and productivity must be adopted, developed and implemented.


Reductive samariation of per-O-trimethylsilyl or
benzyl glycopyranosyl iodides in the presence of carbonyl compounds
provides the corresponding 1,2-trans-C-glycosyl compounds in good
yields.


Colleges and universities are faced with many problems when the mode of academic year system is shifted to that of the credit system, such as in the sharp increase of managing information and difficulties of educational administration. In order to promote work efficiency, computers and network techniques should be used to integrate the links and key elements connected with the credit system, that is, to construct the total management system of educational administration. Combined with reality, this article puts forward the constructing process and systematic framework and the problems on educational administration which should be solved in the new environment.


1. Levin GP, Robinson-Cohen C, de Boer IH, et al. Genetic variants and associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations with major clinical outcomes. JAMA. 2012;308(18):1898-1905. 2. Martineau AR, Timms PM, Bothamley GH, et al. High-dose vitamin D(3) during intensive-phase antimicrobial treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis: a doubleblind randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2011;377(9761):242-250. 3. Sonderman JS, Munro HM, Blot WJ, Signorello LB. Reproducibility of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d and vitamin D-binding protein levels over time in a prospective cohort study of black and white adults. Am J Epidemiol. 2012;176(7): 615-621. 4. Martineau AR, Leandro AC, Anderson ST, et al. Association between Gc genotype and susceptibility to TB is dependent on vitamin D status. Eur Respir J. 2010; 35(5):1106-1112. 5. Lips P. Worldwide status of vitamin D nutrition. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2010;121(1-2):297-300.


The construction of numerous hydroelectric stations in the Alps offers the possibility for the systematic measurement of radioactivity in geoilogical profiles in hundreds of kilometers of gallery. The galleries were surveyed with a scintillation counter with readings being taken every 10 meters. Extensive records of the Aar and Gotthard massifs, the Pennine region, the Bergell massif, and in various Mesozoic and Tertiary sedimentary regions were made. The results obtained are tabulated for various rock series. (J.S.R.)


This paper illustrates the potential of rock art for understanding the past. It uses the visual specificity of rock paintings in the Kimberley, N.W. Australia, to monitor the development of spear and spearthrower technology over time. For instance, only simple, hand-thrown spears are depicted in the earliest Kimberley rock painting styles, with spearthrowers and composite spears first appearing during the late Bradshaw and Clothes Peg Figure Periods, respectively. The rock painting sequence also depicts changes in spearthrower morphology and size, the appearance of stone spear points, and post-European use of metal spear heads. We conclude that rock art can provide evidence at a level of resolution normally absent from archaeology.


From the beginning of the 4 th century, Donatism had set Christian Africa ablaze. Before the arrival of Saint Augustine on the scene, the Catholic Church and the emperors had tried to battle the schism. But, when Augustine, after his conversion (386) and his ordination (391), became bishop of Hippo, more serious and persistent efforts were made: correspondence with the Donatists, private meetings and colloquia with some of them, projects of public debates, etc. The A. is analyzing these 20-year long efforts in order to shed light on the fact that Augustine was as consistent in his methods as he was in his ideas. The A. starts by noting Augustine's personal actions, notably with Fortunatus, in the context of the previous efforts: Augustine publishes a number of works, but, above all, he corresponds with the Donatists showing the deepest respect for their persons and he proposes to engage in public debates with them. There were even two councils in Carthage with a view to reconciliation. Though the process was conducted with much charity, it was a failure and Augustine reluctantly went along at the Carthage Conference of 411 with the secular authorities who wanted to repress the schism by military means. This Conference will be the subject of a second article by the A. Lessons can be learned from Augustine in contemporary ecumenical relations.


A method of manufacturing an electronic component. The method of the upper electrode pad connected to the flux applied to the surface of the fixed member and the fixed electrode connecting the cartridge with the engagement portion of the shield case; the surface of the stationary member and the shielding case is fixed at a predetermined position on the printed circuit board, the shield case may be mounted to the fixing member receiving surface; and after the fixing step, the fixing member is fixed to the surface of the printed circuit board and the shield case into a reflow furnace, whereby the welding surface while the fixing member and the shield case to the printed circuit board. The electronic component manufacturing method of the electronic component can be efficiently produced surface fastener can be accommodated in the shield box.


Shapes reconstruction bridges real objects and their computer models. Most of the shape recon struction techniques were derived for computer vision applications. A very important sense of human, tactile sensing can be applied to acquire shape information about 2D and 3D objects. Nevertheless, tactile data usually has a lot of noise. In this thesis, I present an applicable scheme that acquires shape data using a simple joystick sensor and then reconstructs 2D shapes and 3D patches. The 2D shapes are tracked by an Adept Cobra robot and represented as polynomial functions determined by the 3L fitting algorithm. The 3D shapes are composed of multiple patches, each of which is described by a polynomial function generated by least-square fitting. Experiments have been carried out with the robot. A display environment for 3D objects has also been developed.


Silicified roots from the Triassic of Antarctica show features of extant vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM). Nonseptate fungal hyphae occur within and between well-preserved parenchymatous cells of the central cortex. Terminal and intercalary swellings comparable to chlamydospores and vesicles are also present within the roots. In addition, three-dimensionally branched structures nearly fill the host cell and resemble modem day arbuscles. Although possible mycorrhizae have been reported as early as the Devonian, and are widely accepted, fossil arbuscles, the most definitive feature of VAM, have not been previously described. The fungi associated with the Antarctic roots provide the most complete and convincing evidence for prePleistocene VA mycorrhizae in the fossil record. AMONG THE MORE provocative ideas emergent from recent studies of fossil fungi is the suggestion that the establishment of mycorrhizal relationships was pivotal in the emergence of the land flora (Pirozynski and Malloch, 1975). Because this theory implies the presence of a long history of mycorrhizal associations, abundant evidence might be expected from the fossil record. So far, however, such evidence is scanty, in part because fossil roots have received relatively little attention. Probably the most cited and widely accepted example of fossil mycorrhizae is that of Palaeomyces in the Rhynie Chert (Kidston and Lang, 1921). Most other putative mycorrhizae involve Carboniferous fungi and constitute a relatively large proportion of the reports of fossil fungi. However, many of these have been reevaluated and rejected (Cridland, 1962). More recently, paleobotanists seeking evidence for mycorrhizae have turned to scanning and transmission elecI Received for publication 30 December 1986; revision accepted 3 April 1987. The authors would like to acknowledge Ms. Kathlene B. Pigg and Dr. Edith L. Taylor, Department of Botany, The Ohio State University, who assisted in material preparation. We also thank Dr. Roland L. Seymour, Department of Botany, The Ohio State University, for much useful discussion. The late Dr. James M. Schopf collected and prepared much of the material used in this study. This research was supported in part by funds from the National Science Foundation (BSR-8516323 and DPP8213749) and from the Biological Nitrogen Fixation Project of the Indo-U.S. Science and Technology Initiative through cooperative aid Grant PNW 85-388 from the Pacific Northwest Station, U.S. Forest Service, to Oregon State University. Contribution No. 575 from the Institute of Polar Studies, The Ohio State University. Address reprints requests to Thomas N. Taylor. tron microscopy to supplement earlier light microscopy studies (e.g., Wagner and Taylor, 1982; Stubblefield and Taylor, 1985). Opinion regarding the existence of such associations in the Paleozoic is mixed, as is the evidence on which these reports are based (Stubblefield and Taylor, 1985). To date, more recent, pre-Cenozoic, fossil representatives of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae have not been reported. Additional well-preserved examples of mycorrhizae spanning the geological column are needed if the presence and history of these associations is to be convincingly documented. In the present study the fungi in a single type of well-preserved Triassic root are examined. Fossil fungi, represented by hyphae, vesicles, chlamydospores, and arbuscles are compared with modem fungi, particularly those within the vesicular-arbuscular endomycorrhizae. These fungi are also compared with possible Paleozoic analogs from the Devonian and the Pennsylvanian that show many similar features. MATERIALS AND METHODS-Fungal-colonized roots are a common component of silicified nodules collected from the Fremouw Peak Formation near Fremouw Peak in the Beardmore Glacier region of Antarctica (see Smoot, Taylor, and Delevoryas, 1985). The locality is Triassic in age (Barrett, 1969), and is variously interpreted as early Triassic (Schopf, 1978) or early-middle Triassic (Collinson, Stanley, and Vavra, 1980). The material was collected in part in the 1970's by late James M. Schopf and other members of the The Institute of Polar Studies at The Ohio State University (Schopf,


Closed container with one kind of tamper-indicating package comprising a container with an open neck and the closure. A first container adjacent the top opening of the retaining ring, has a larger diameter of the second retaining ring and the first ring gear at an axial spacing. Closure made of plastic, comprising a bottom wall and a peripheral skirt. The inner bottom wall surface of the annular flange; and discontinuous skirt comprising an annular flange, and the bottom wall has an axial spacing. A slot between the bottom wall and the annular skirt of the flange gasket in situ casting, intermittently toward the annular flange of the skirt. A tamper-indicating band connected to the skirt along a weakened line, with a discontinuous annular flange collar may be engaged with the second snap ring to the container.


Companies have increasingly started adopting chatbots as a customer service support system to provide more personalized service experience to customers. This technology is catching attention in the customer service context because chatbots can support multiple customers at one, have the ability to provide multi-lingual support, they are available $24^*7$ with no extra cost, relieves humans from repetitive task and can respond to a variety of troubleshooting queries without any latency. This research paper aims at developing a customer support chatbot called 'Anjore' for the Chhattisgarh State Power Distribution Company Limited. The word Anjore (pronounced as $\Lambda \mathrm{n}.\mathrm{d}_3\mathrm{o}:\mathrm{r}$) is derived from chhattisgarhi language which means 'light'. The chatbot is developed in django web frame work and spaCy NLP library for Python has been employed to understand utterances in English language.


The fate of organic substances in soil strongly depends on biological processes. These biological processes are shaped by microorganisms, which occur in soil pores, either in suspension or as biofilms inside and outside soil aggregates. Biofilms alter the pore geometry while growing which directly influences the soil water flow field and hence the convective transport of organic substances. In this paper we present a model of the bioreactor soil at the pore scale under saturated conditions comprising coupled fluid flow, transport, reaction, sorption, and biofilm dynamics. The spatio-temporal development of the biofilm is altering properties such as viscosity, diffusion coefficient and degradation rates. The degradation potential of organic substances was analyzed by considering the influence of microbes on their breakthrough behavior.


In order to detect the early impacts of the Hebei Spirit oil spill on the subtidal macrozoobenthos, we conducted a benthic survey at 72 stations in the subtidal area of Tae-an, the eastern Yellow Sea from Dec. 18th 2007 to Dec. 22th after 10 days from the Hebei Spirit oil spill. A total of228 species from 72 stations was sampled with mean density of 561 ind and mean biomass of 39.7 gww . In this study, Ampelisca occurred as a major dominant fauna in this survey, but did not appear around oil spill areas. Meanwhile some opportunistic polychaete worms like Prionospio bocki, Prionospio cirrifera appeared in the oil spill area, especially near coastal beaches. The overall abundance and biomass of macrozoobenthos decreased after oil spill. However some stations previously disturbed with sand extraction showed a similar macrozoobenthic community structure.


FOR COLORED GIRLS stunned Broadway audiences with its newness and verve, its unapologetic voice and stance in the seventies. A rite of passage, a testament to the strength and endurance of women who would not be silenced, who would not be pushed into the background, but chose to speak up and claim the fullness of their voices. FOR COLORED GIRLS became a classic. On its twenty-fifth anniversary, mothers took their daughters to see this show, and the generations connected in the words and dance, in the knowledge of the undying need to keep pushing for self and community. Tyler Perry translated the stage version to film in 2010, with Janet Jackson and Kerry Washington on the screen. In October 2018, Shange, who kept writing and seeking her rainbow, passed quietly in the night.


One day's worth of WAN Telnet and FTP connections from the Berkeley campus is analyzed. The main conclusions of the analysis are these. A wide diversity of use ooers opportunities to reduce bandwidth by traac shaping and shifting. Second, connection size and duration are heavy-tailed. Third, Telnet packet arrivals are heavy-tailed, but FTP packet arrivals are not. Both Telnet and FTP connection births have exponential interarrivals, although they are not correlated. Lastly, the TCP ow control mechanism signiicantly aaects TCP heavy-tailed behavior.


Dust particles of probable or known extraterrestrial origin were gathered, for the purpose of comparison, from a number of sources, including the stratosphere, 750-yearold Greenland ice, 55-year-old antarctic ice, the antarctic atmosphere, a New Mexico mountaintop, glacial ice caves, and the place of fall of the Siberian Sikhote-Alin meteorite shower. Out of the wide variety of types of particles in these samples, 118 representative particles were subjected to detailed chemical analysis by the electron-beam microanalyzer technique. The Fe/ Ni ratios of 5 particles point undoubtedly to their meteoritic origin. From their high Fe/Si ratio some 35 others are thought to be extraterrestrial. A few objects are identified from their compositions as being of obvious terrestrial origin. The cosmic influx of dust on the earth's surface is computed to be more than 105 tons per year.


Educational technology is developing rapidly, making education more accessible, affordable, adaptable, and equitable. Students now have the option to choose a campus that can provide excellent blended learning curriculum with minimal geographical restraints. We proactively explore ways to maximize the power of educational technologies to increase enrollment, reduce failure rates, improve teaching efficiency, and cut costs without sacrificing high quality or placing extra burden on faculty. This mission is accomplished through open source learning content design and development.

We developed scalable, shareable, and sustainable e-learning modules as book chapters that can be distributed through both computers and mobile devices. The resulting e-learning building blocks can automate the assessment processes, provide just-in-time feedback, and adjust the teaching material dynamically based upon each student's strengths and weaknesses. Once built, these self-contained learning modules can be easily maintained, shared, and re-purposed, thus cutting costs in the long run. This will encourage faculty from different disciplines to share their best teaching practices online. The end result of the project is a sustainable knowledge base that can grow over time, benefit all the discipline, and promote learning.


Business interpretation is quite challenging work which demands highly competent interpreters.This papers discusses about three indispensable qualities of such professionals,namely comprehensive adoption of basic translating techniques,good mastery of business knowledge,accurate and flexible coping.


Atoll garnets in basalt metapyroclastics from the locality Čučma - Vincent (Slovak Republic) consist of relict cores and zonal rings. Research was focused on comparison of chemical changes in these garnet microstructures. Relict cores have composition Sps41.4-45.2Grs40.6-43.0Adr6.4-13.6 Alm1.9-6.1, inner BSE light zone in the rings has composition Grs38.2-44.9Sps39.6-43.7Alm6.3-12.4 Adr6.5-9.6 and outer BSE dark zone in the rings has composition Sps34.3-40.3Grs33.3-38.3Adr8.5-17.3 Alm12.7-17.1. The highest content of Mn2+ in the atoll garnets was observed in the relict cores (1.21 - 1.33 apfu) and subsequent decreasing trend in contents of Mn2+ from the inner parts of the rings (BSE dark zone; 1.16 - 1.29 apfu) to their edge (BSE light zone; 1.02 -1.20 apfu) is present. The opposite trend was observed for Fe2+ content. Inner parts of the garnets are replaced by actinolite and calcite with slightly higher content of Mn (Act up to 0.07 apfu; Cal up to 0.02 apfu). Matrix of basalt metapyroclastics was primarily formed by hedenbergite which was later replaced by actinolite.


The application of network storage technology provides a new way for near-line storage devices used in massive(sto-)(rage) system.Network Attached Optical Jukebox is a new storage devices which uses network storage technology.The storage model of the Network Attached Optical Jukebox is set up and studied by queuing network theory in this paper.And the main performance parameters are analyzed by simulation and experiments.Those key factors are summarized into rules so that strategies and techniques can be presented to improve the performance of Network Attached Optical Jukebox.


We measured the content of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in SWCNT soot within 3.7% error using UV-VIS-NIR absorption spectroscopy. We also propose a better overall evaluation method by combining thermogravimetic analysis with UV-VIS-NIR absorption spectroscopy to analyze the purity of SWCNT providing the accurate assessment of the amounts of noncarbonaceous impurity, carbonaceous impurity, and SWCNT each with respect to a highly purified reference.


Iron-based porphyrinic metal–organic frameworks (PMOFs) are desirable for biomimetic applications, due to the low toxicity and high abundance of Fe as well as the rich biomimetic functions of metalloporphyrins. Besides, the uniform dispersion of porphyrin centers in PMOFs can effectively protect them from self-dimerization. Nevertheless, it remains a big challenge to synthesize iron-based PMOFs. In this study, a series of Fe–oxo chain-based PMOFs incorporating different metals in porphyrinic centers (namely M-PMOF-3(Fe), M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) are synthesized directly from the reaction of metalloporphyrin and iron salts with an improved modulating strategy using a pair of monocarboxylic acids and water as the three-component modulator. The prepared materials of M-PMOF-3(Fe) possess high stability to resist a broad pH range (0–11) and even 2 M HCl in aqueous solutions for 2 days, and their frameworks can be maintained up to 350 °C. Catalytic tests show that M-PMOF-3(Fe) are effective in the aerobic oxidation of C–H bonds using oxygen from the air as the oxidant.


The electronic product code (EPC) network is an important part of the internet of things. The physical mark-up language (PML) is to represent and describe data related to objects in EPC network. The PML documents of each component to exchange data in EPC network system are XML documents based on PML Core schema. For managing theses huge amount of PML documents of tags captured by radio frequency identification (RFID) readers, it is inevitable to develop the high-performance technology, such as filtering and integrating these tag data. So in this paper, we propose an approach for measuring the similarity of PML documents based on Bayesian network of several sensors. With respect to the features of PML, while measuring the similarity, we firstly reduce the redundancy data except information of EPC. On the basis of this, the Bayesian network model derived from the structure of the PML documents being compared is constructed.


Background: Paediatric non-infectious uveitis is rare, but is a common cause of visual impairment in childhood. Complications have been reported in up to 75% of patients. Children with non- infectious uveitis may have a systemic inflammatory condition, or the uveitis may be idiopathic. Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis associated uveitis (JIA-U) is the most common systemic condition comprising 41.5% to 47% of cases. Biologic therapies have revolutionised the management of refractory patients however there is limited information regarding the visual outcomes, ocular complications and the need for surgical intervention in the era of biological therapies. Aims: To describe the demographics, clinical characteristics, ther- apeutic strategies and long term outcomes of children with non-infectious uveitis managed in the modern era. Methods: This was a retrospective study. Patients diagnosed with non-infectious uveitis before 16 years of age and managed at the Bristol Eye Hospital from 2007 to 2015 were included. Data was collected at baseline, 1, 3, 5 and 10 years. Data collected included, demographics, medial history, ophthalmological examination findings, medical and surgical treatment and ocular complications. A total of 678 person years and 1216 eye years (EY) of follow up years were available for the cohort. Results: Of the 166 patients 59.6% were female, and 77.1% Caucasian. Average age at diagnosis was 8.03y. 56% of patients were tertiary referrals. At baseline, 30.1% (50) of patients had unilateral disease; 11 Conclusions: The largest group with idiopathic uveitis were White British and female, likely a reflection of female preponderance in most autoimmune conditions. The commonest presentation was bilateral anterior uveitis. There were no clear immunological blood markers associated with disease although 50% were ANA positive; some in this group may have been JIA presenting as uveitis where systemic immunosuppression may have suppressed development of joint symptoms. The commonest disease association was sarcoidosis. No infective causes were found. Serum screening, however, may not yield positive results, especially in ocular toxocara. Ocular biopsy may be warranted in refractory cases to look for evidence of infective causes not otherwise identified, in order to target appropriate therapy. Background: Existing research suggests that patient activation (Hibbard & Gilburt, 2014) predicts health behaviour. An educational workshop was therefore developed for young people with chronic pain and their parents in order to promote positive health outcomes. Aims: To establish whether a multidisciplinary group educational work- shop for young people and their parents leads to enhanced confidence in understanding chronic pain mechanisms and adaptive coping strategies. Methods: Young people (with a diagnosis of chronic pain) and their parents attended a one-off three hour workshop facilitated by a multidisciplinary team consisting of clinical psychology, physiotherapy and occupational therapy. Seven workshops were run with a total of 42 parent-childdyads(3-9 pergroup),withpatientsaged11-18years.Young people and their parents were asked to rate their confidence in their understanding of chronic pain and their confidence in their knowledge of self-management strategies for coping with chronic pain before and after the workshop. Satisfaction questionnaires were also completed.


Machine learning has emerged as a powerful tool for the analysis of mesoscopic and atomically resolved images and spectroscopy in electron and scanning probe microscopy. The applications ranging from feature extraction to information compression and elucidation of relevant order parameters to inversion of imaging data to reconstruct structural models have been demonstrated. However, the fundamental limitation of the vast majority of machine learning methods is their correlative nature, leading to extreme susceptibility to confounding factors. While in classical statistical methods the methodology to address phenomena such as Simpson paradox are established, the complex and often non-transparent nature of modern DL tools renders them extremely prone to misinterpretation. We argue that correlative machine learning provides a reliable and powerful tool in cases when the causal links are well established, and discuss several examples of atom finding in SPM and STEM and analysis of 4D STEM data when this condition is satisfied. Notably, ML applications in theory generally fall under this category sine the causal mechanisms are postulated. Alternatively, ML methods work well when the confounding factors are effectively frozen via the narrowness of experimental conditions or experimental system. However, both these conditions are violated for experimental studies, when causal relationships are known only partially (and are in fact often the target of study) and confounding factors (composition uncertainty, microscope tuning, contaminations) are abundant. In this presentation, I will discuss the several examples of extending machine learning methods towards the analysis of causative physical mechanisms. One such approach is based on the Bayesian methods that allow to take into consideration the prior knowledge the system and evaluate the changes in understanding of the behaviors given new experimental data. The second pathway explores the parsimony of physical laws and aims to extract these from the set of real-world observations. Finally, the Bayesian networks can be used to explore the causative relationships in the multimodal data sets. These concepts will be illustrated using several examples of causal machine learning, including analysis of phase transitions on a single atom level in 2D materials and interplay between physical and chemical effects in the ferroelectric perovskites. Ultimately, we seek to answer the questions such as whether electronic instability due to the average Fermi level guides the development of the local atomic structure, or frozen atomic disorder drives the emergence of the local structural distortions, whether the nucleation spot of phase transition can be predicted based on observations before the transition, and what is the driving forces controlling the emergence of unique functionalities of morphotropic materials and ferroelectric relaxors.


The focal plane intensity distribution,realized by the diffractive optical element(DOE) and the smoothing by spectral dispersion(SSD) technique,is theoretically analyzed based on the spatial frequency spectra.The focal plane intensity distributions of the DOE can be expressed as the sum of a series of sine and cosine functions with different harmonic spatial-frequencies and complex amplitudes,no matter whether the SSD technique is adopted or not.Theoretical analysis shows that the spatial frequency spectra are modulated by the SSD technique,and the modulation is determined not only by parameters of the SSD technique,but also by phase distribution of the DOE.The SSD technique smoothes the focal plane intensity distribution of the DOE.But to obtain good beam smoothing performance,the DOE should be optimized considering the parameters of the SSD technique. Finally the DOE is optimized at a certain choice of SSD parameters.The simulated results show that the tolerance of the DOE to incident wave-front distortion is improved with the use of the SSD technique.


Undergraduate self-consciousness is still in the formative stage and is highly susceptible to external environment. Schools must adapt to the new forms and requirements, improve their ability to search, analyze, and prevent online public opinion through big data technologies; we should make early discovery, early action, and early resolution, so as not to give time and space for public opinion crisis fermentation and consolidate the dominant position of the mainstream ideology. This paper focuses on the university network public opinion monitoring and early warning system based on big data and analyzes the university public opinion from the perspective of the specificity, sensitivity, identification, early warning and prevention ability of the system to deal with public opinion, and effectively solves the network public opinion crisis. Combined with the current actual situation and specific needs, this paper explores the intervention measures and guidance strategies for the network public opinion of college emergencies, so as to lay a solid foundation for the healthy, stable, and sustainable development of colleges and universities.


If we put (j)0(a) = 0 then (1.2) holds for all n > I By means of (1.2) we can define(pn(a) for all integral n. It is convenient to put __ (1.3) <t>n(a) = <t>n(a,q) = (-U~<l>-"(a). Then (1"2) becomes (1.4) Qn(a) = q(a$n"1(a) + $n^2(a)) (n>2), where (1.5) $0(a) = 0, fjM = q . The next few values of (f>n (a) are $2M = q *, $3(a) * q(1+qa), $4(a) = q((1 + q)a+qa), $5M = q a + (q + q + q)a+qa), $6<a> = q((1 + q+q)a + (q + q + q + q )a + q a).


The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of task-based craft activities using English storybooks on six-year-old children's English...


From the beginnings of modern chemistry to Dalton's atomic theory from molecules to the periodic table radioactivity and the structure of atoms the modern atom and the periodic table bonding in elements and in compounds chemical structure and physical properties radiation and molecules acids and bases oxidation-reduction reactions reaction rates and pathways energy, entropy and chemical change energy for the 21st century down to earth chemistry metals an introduction to organic chemistry organic compounds from petroleum in transportation and agriculture structural polymers carbohydrates, lipids and proteins informational biopolymers, pharmaceuticals and biotechnology.


Abstract A laboratory multi-oscillator ring laser of monoblock construction employing a non-planar cavity and the Zeeman effect on the helium-neon discharge is used to bias oppositely travelling modes from lock-in. A theoretical model of the laser is used to explain the behaviour with respect to gain, tuning and magnetic field. Methods for stabilizing the gyro operating point and correcting for ambient magnetic fields are presented.


Summarizing the characteristic of embedded system and the application status of upper computer for substation's local supervisory control system, this paper proposed the design of upper computer system based on embedded Linux operation system and MinGUI,which is a kind of mini-type graph operation system. The method of realization was stated in detail. Customizing embedded Linux, installing MinGUI, and having developed the system's software, such embedded system for substation's local supervisory control was successfully constructed. This system takes up small storage space and improves its stability.


This paper discusses how the size of the monetary union in Europe can influence the choice of the monetary framework. The main conjecture is that the European Central Bank ought to target inflation if monetary union is confined to a "core" group of countries. However, the decision on whether to target inflation or monetary aggregates is not an unambiguous one if monetary union is EU-wide; the choice of the framework will depend on the type of shocks that are likely to prevail. The arguments motivating these conjectures essentially concern the trade-offs between the viability and credibility of different monetary frameworks.


Generative AI techniques have opened the path for new generations of machines in diverse domains. These machines have various capabilities for example, they can produce images, generate answers or stories, and write codes based on the"prompts"only provided by users. These machines are considered 'thinking minds' because they have the ability to generate human-like responses. In this study, we have analyzed and explored the capabilities of artificial intelligence-enabled machines. We have revisited on Turing's concept of thinking machines and compared it with recent technological advancements. The objections and consequences of the thinking machines are also discussed in this study, along with available techniques to evaluate machines' cognitive capabilities. We have concluded that Turing Test is a critical aspect of evaluating machines' ability. However, there are other aspects of intelligence too, and AI machines exhibit most of these aspects.


A temperature control algorithm is needed that will be used to maintain the room set point while taking into account the user's perceived comfort and costs. After studying and reviewing temperature control algorithms, we developed a temperature control algorithm to control the length of the radiator valve. The goals of the algorithm are to reach the set point as soon as possible, increase the battery life of the thermostat and minimize energy losses. Based on the study and results obtained, it is concluded that the first energy class have maximum comfort and less energy consumption. In addition, I installed and tested the temperature control algorithm on a microcontroller installed close to the radiator valve.


Lithium battery has been widely used in electric vehicle (EV) and microgrid applications as an outstanding energy storage device. To optimally control the batteries, the nonlinear battery dynamics and the battery State-of-Charge (SOC) need to be real-time and accurately estimated by the battery management systems (BMSs). Compared with traditional estimation algorithms, the observer-based adaptive residual generator has the advantages of small calculation amount, stability, and adaptability. It can accurately estimate the SOC of a battery with a high excited load current. However, in the case of a low excited load current, the SOC estimation effect is poor. Besides, as a data-driven algorithm, the adaptive residual generator's estimation effect will deteriorate when affected by measurement noise. This paper proposes a moving window scheme for the adaptive residual generator and analyzes the parameter setting range to ensure the stability and convergence of the algorithm, which provides guidance for parameter selection when applying the algorithm. On the one hand, the proposed moving window scheme effectively reduces the high excitation requirement of the adaptive residual generator for the load current. Even under low excitation, the moving window adaptive residual generator can still accurately estimate the SOC. On the other hand, the addition of a moving window effectively improves the anti-disturbance ability of the adaptive residual generator. The performance of the proposed method is verified by lithium battery simulation experiments.


In this new era that is equipped with high network technology, the design and application of paperless examination system which utilizes the network technology has become a reality. This paper will introduce the design and application process of paperless examination system in detail, in order to help people master and use this system better. The paperless examination system which is described in this paper is built on the current mature and well-developed Java technology. Java has become the common programming technology for intelligent network technology at present, the use of which can improve the compatibility and usability of the paperless test system effectively, so that it can facilitate the application effect.


It is generally accepted that soils with sulfate concentrations above 8,000 parts per million (ppm) should not be treated with calcium-based additives. The Texas Department of Transportation identified a portion of a road in Eagle Pass that contained sulfate concentrations in excess of 32,000 ppm. Previous research has shown that ground granulated blastfurnace slag (GGBFS) plus lime effectively reduces three dimensional (3-D) swell and increases unconfined compressive strength (UCS) in the laboratory. This research answers questions about the applicability of ground granulated blastfurnace slag plus lime on a real project. The effectiveness of the stabilizer was determined by measuring 3-D swell reduction and UCS in the laboratory prior to construction. Based on strength gain and reduced swell, the Texas Department of Transportation decided to stabilize the project with a mixture of 4 percent ground granulated blastfurnace slag plus 1 percent lime. Approximately 2600 feet of the project was constructed with this stabilizer combination. As of this writing, the road has not shown any signs of distress. The ground granulated blastfurnace slag plus lime reduced swell, increased strength, and was cost effective for the Texas Department of Transportation to use in place of calcium-based stabilizers in high sulfate soils.


We review baryons in the D4-D8 holographic model of low energy QCD, with the large $N_c$ and the large 't Hooft coupling limit. The baryon is identified with a bulk soliton of a unit Pontryagin number, which from the four-dimensional viewpoint translates to a heavily modified Skyrmion dressed by condensates of spin one mesons. We explore classical properties and find that the baryon in the holographic limit is amenable to an effective field theory description. We also present a simple method to capture all leading and subleading interactions in the $1/N_c$ and the derivative expansions. An infinitely predictive model of baryon-meson interactions is thus derived, although one may trust results only for low energy processes, given various approximations in the bulk. We showcase a few comparisons to experiments, such the leading axial couplings to pions, the leading vector-like coupling, and a qualitative prediction of the electromagnetic vector dominance that involves the entire tower of vector mesons. (This article is an expanded version of a proceeding contribution to"30 years of mathematical method in high energy physics,"Kyoto 2008)


Summary The incorporation of isotopic ethylene-C 14 -imino- s -triazine (TEM), Myleran, chlorambucil, and sulfur mustard into the DNA fraction of regenerating liver and of various mouse ascites lymphomas was measured. The in vivo incorporation of these alkylating agents was estimated to be of the order of 1 mole of drug per mole of DNA polymer. Results obtained by several different methods of isolation of DNA from in vivo -treated tissues failed to show marked differences in the amounts of isotope coupled to DNA. No correlation was apparent between the susceptibility of the various tumors and the relative amounts of isotope incorporated into tumor DNA fractions. Pretreatment of tumor with nonlabeled triethylene melamine (TEM) failed to alter incorporation patterns for labeled TEM. It was concluded that attack on the DNA itself does not necessarily represent the mechanism of action by which the alkylating agents exert their cytostatic or cytotoxic effects.


Objective:To study the effect of norepinephrine(NE)on calcium channel current (ICa) in isolated guinea pig cardiomyocytes under hypoxia.Method:By using the whole cell patch clamp method we measured ICa in isolated guinea pig cardiomyocytes in the condition of hyporia and NE treatment.Result:The result showed that NE (1×10 -8 mol/L)enhanced ICa markedly in cardiomyocytes under both hypoxia condition and hypoxia/reperfusion condition (P 0.01 ,P 0.05 ) and reduced the currentvoltage curves(I V curves) of ICa under hypoxia. There was no statistical difference about the effect of NE on ICa between bypoxia condition and hypoxia/reperfusion condition (P 0.05 ).Conclusion:NE can increase ICa of cardiomyocytes, which may play a role in the mechanisms of inchemia and ischemia/reperfusion induced arrhythmia.


Aim:To observe the changes of hemostatic markers in stroke patients treated with tissue plasmiogen activator and find the mechanism of thrombolysis of these stroke patients.Methodes:80 patients with super-acute(less than 7 hours after the onset of the syndrome) cerebral infarcts in the middle cerebral artery territory were assigned to be intravenous thrombolysed.The blood sample was collected before,2 hours after and 24 hours after thrombolysis.The coagulation-related indicators such as fibrinogen,D-dimer,fibrin degradation product,a2-antiplasmin,factor ⅩⅢ,plasminogen and platelet were examined.Results:The coagulation-related indicators(fibrinogen,D-dimer,fibrin degradation product,plasminogen,a2-macroglobulin,factor ⅩⅢ and platelet) have changed after the thrombolysis treatment.Fibrinogen decreased 2 hours after thrombolysis(P0.01) and increased 24 hours after thrombolysis(P0.01),but it was still lower than the initial level(P0.01).Fibrin degradation product increased 2 hours after thrombolysis(P0.01),but decreased 24 hours after thrombolysis(P0.01).D-dimer was similar to fibrin degradation product,which was increased 2 hours after thrombolysis(P0.01),but decreased 24 hours later(P0.01),it was still higher than the initial level(P0.01).Factor XIII decreased 24 hours after thrombolysis(P0.01).a2-antiplasmin decreased 2 hours after thrombolysis(P0.01) and increased 24 hours after thrombolysis(P0.01),but it was still lower than the initial level(P0.01).Plasminogen decreased 2 hours after thrombolysis(P0.01) and increased 24 hours after thrombolysis(P0.01),but it was still lower than the initial level(P0.01).Platelet decreased after thrombolysis,especially 24 hours after the treatment(P0.01).Conclusion:Fibrinogen,D-dimer,fibrin degradation product,a2-antiplasmin,factor ⅩⅢ,plasminogen and platelet have some evident changes after the thrombolytic treatment,which coincide with the mechanism of thrombolysis.


Based on the prototype of Liubei Reservoir with large dip angle in Jidong Oilfield,a geologic profile model was developed.On the basis of matching of phase state,the influence of main factors,including formation angle,reservoir thickness,reservoir pressure,injection rate and gas-water ratio on the development effect of inclined reservoirs by water alternating gas flooding (WAG) was discussed by numerical simulation.The result shows that the existence of angle can significantly improve the development effect of WAG flooding.For the study model,the enhanced oil recovery with angle of 15 degree is 6.18 percent more than that of non-declined one.For the inclined reservoirs,the more reservoir thickness is,the more favorable is for WAG flooding,its law turns to be opposite if the reservoir is non -declined.The declined reservoir by WAG flooding under the condition of lower reservoir pressure may also obtain better effect by controlling injection rate.Besides,injection rate and gas-water ratio on the declined and non-declined reservoirs obeys different laws and both existing optimal values.


Developed and studied drying technique which used hot water as a heat conduction medium drying north hard broadleaf timber, analysed and compared its economic benefit. Pointed out that hot water style drying technique is lower in energy consumption, fine in drying quality and shorter in drying period.


Silicon nanopowders were successfully prepared by the thermal-CVD method.X-ray diffraction(XRD) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) revealed that the products were amorphous sphere-like nanopowder with particle size about 20~100 nm.The particle size was sensitive to the decomposition temperature.The average diameters of the products decreased as the decomposition temperature increased.When the temperature reached 700 ℃,the diameters of the products grew rapidly.The Flourier-Infrared Spectra(FT-IR) displayed that the products containe Si—H bonds and the content of H atom decreases with increasing decompositioo temperature increased.The crystal silicon can be obtained after annealing at 700 ℃.


Tropidocoryphe richterorum, n.sp. is based on one pygidium (YPM 26099) from the Middle Devonian of [East Bethany] New York which bears the features characteristic of its genus. This specimen constitutes the first reported evidence of the Subfamily Tropidocoryphinae Pribyl, 1946 in North America.


Abstract The increasing demand for space determines much of the approach to spatial planning in countries with a high population density like the Netherlands. In the next three decades more land will be needed for housing, work, traffic, leisure, nature and water. There is only one sector that will yield land: agriculture. The Dutch Minister of Spatial Planning has presented six intervention strategies to cope with the increasing demand for space: (1) priority setting; (2) export spatial needs; (3) reduce the need for space in accordance with policy; (4) intensify land use; (5) combine spatial needs; (6) transform spatial structures and buildings. Spatial planning in the Netherlands is becoming more and more geared to strategies 4, 5 and 6, which take the need for land as given. This paper seeks to explain that the first three strategies, and strategy 2 in particular, are also crucial for a country like the Netherlands, even though the policies associated with them would not generally be labelled spatial. For the spatial planner, however, the export of spatial needs is relevant as this determines the outcome of spatial planning to a large extent. This shall be illustrated by reporting on international residential migration, the use of leisure homes and second homes, international business migration and the restructuring of the agricultural sector. The Netherlands is not only exporting spatial needs, but also in the same time even imports needs at a larger scale, which puts spatial planning on a larger pressure. In the past the lack of space was solved by relinquishing land that was originally earmarked for water or nature. But the need for space for water and nature has increased recently and will continue to do so in the coming decades. This makes intervention strategy 2 even more relevant for the future. Spatial planners need to widen their horizons and include the import and export of spatial needs in their analyses.


Few lines in the world suffer from winter conditions as severe as those on the Bergen line, but the whole Norwegian State Railways network requires specialised equipment to clear snow and ice at an annual cost of 14 million kroner. Careful selection and positioning of mechanised snowplows and static devices such as fences and snowsheds keep the line clear of bulk snow, while points, rodding and flangeways have to be heated or protected by techniques still evolving.


According to the classification of the World Health Organization (WHO), primary intraosseous carcinoma (central carcinoma) is defined as a squamous cell carcinoma arising within the jaw, having no initial connection with the oral mucosa, and presumably developing from residues of the odontogenic epithelium.We report a case of central carcinoma occurring in a 69-year-old man. Marsupialization was performed under the diagnosis of residual radicular cyst.Histopathological examination revealed a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with atypical lining epithelium. A combination of radiation and chemotherapy was given, followed by a partial maxillectomy. Unilateral total neck dissection was performed 3 months after the initial operation. Five years later, the patient has been free of recurrence and distant metastasis.


This research discusses intrusion detection systems based on computer networks and a model for the detection of malware using artificial immune system (AIS). The SIA has three main theories: the clonal selection, negative selection and network theory. This work used the ClonalG algorithm developed by Castro & Timmis (2002) [5] and implemented in Weka 3.6.4 for the intrusions detection in the KDD 1999 database. Preliminary results indicate good results, since was obtained 77.92% accuracy in the classification of threats using CLONALG algorithm, and 92.69% of accuracy by using CLONALG and feature selection of a total of 494,021 processed registers.


A measurement of the charge density in the F 2 region was made in 1962 with an ion trap mounted on an oriented satellite. Orbital monitoring of ionospheric characteristics continued for about four days. Current from collected ions, grid modulated by a triangular sweep voltage, indicated charge density, temperature, vehicle potential and some information on ion mass ratios. The current-measuring circuitry consisted of a hybrid electrometer followed by two amplifiers of similar circuit design. Determined ion kinetic temperatures were 1500°K and higher; ion concentrations varied from 5×103 to 106 ions/cm3 over latitudes of 73°N to 73°S.


(1) Institute of Geophysics, Ural's Department of RAS, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation (email@example.com), (2) Ural Federal University, Institute of Mathematics and Computer Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation(email@example.com), (3) National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Helwan, Egypt(firstname.lastname@example.com), (4) National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Helwan, Egypt (firstname.lastname@example.com), (5) National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Helwan, Egypt(firstname.lastname@example.com), (6) National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics, Helwan, Egypt (email@example.com)


There is a growing phenomenon, worldwide, of inserting English words, phrases or expressions, into the local language: this is part of the acceptance of English as current world language. Indonesia is experiencing the use of this mixture of language when using either their own Indonesian or local language; English words, phrases and expressions are inserted into conversations and written expressions. The incorporation of foreign language words or expressions into a local language is conducted in a variety of events by different sectors of the community. It is carried out by people who have varying levels of familiarity with both the local and a foreign language or languages. This article discusses the use of language mixture in Indonesia and investigates the use of English words and phrases inserted into Indonesian language.


After 30 years' development,"China's manufacturing" is popular all over the world with the name "The World Factory".Under the background of international and domestic conditions,"China's manufacturing" suffers high pressure coming from many aspects,such as high energy consumption,high pollution,low added value,investigations of anti-dumping,anti-subsidy tax of international markets and greenhouse gases emission blames of the Coperhagen meeting.If "China' s manufacturing" merges producer services well,it would promote high semi-products combining with lower technology manufacturing to realize the goal of upgrade in industries.This paper applies empirical methods to test the action of producer services to "China's manufacturing".The "China 's manufacturing" reduces value at first,then begins to increase after transition periods.It puts forward one channel to develop service-manufacturing in order to combine the "China' s manufacturing" and producer service.We hope our governments can pay more attention and support the progress of service-manufacturing.


- Multicollinearity must be diagnosed in multivariate analyses. Among the indicators, the condition number can be used to quantify the degree of multicollinearity. Hence, this study sought to determine the number of measurements (trials) necessary to estimate the number of condition in linear correlation matrices between rye traits. Five uniformity trials were carried out with 'BRS Progresso' rye, and eight morphological traits and eight productive traits were evaluated, forming two groups. In each group of traits, six cases (combinations of traits) were planned and the multicollinearity diagnosis was performed. Repeatability analyses were performed using the following methods: analysis of variance, principal component analysis, and structural analysis, and the number of measurements (trials) was determined for di ff erent levels of precision. A higher condition number of repeatability coe ffi cients was obtained by the principal component methods (based on correlation and variance and covariance matrices) and structural analysis based on the variance and covariance matrix. A greater number of measurements (trials) is necessary to estimate the number of conditions in productive traits compared to morphological ones. One trial is enough to e ffi ciently estimate the condition number with a minimum accuracy of 80% in morphological and productive traits of rye, whereas at least three trials are required for 95% accuracy.


Pleasure and pain are two opposites that compete and influence each other, implying the existence of brain systems that integrate them to generate modality-general affective experiences. Here, we examined the brain's general affective codes (i.e., affective valence and intensity) across sustained pleasure and pain through an fMRI experiment (n = 58). We found that the distinct sub-populations of voxels within the ventromedial and lateral prefrontal cortices, the orbitofrontal cortex, the anterior insula, and the amygdala were involved in decoding affective valence versus intensity, which was replicated in an independent test dataset (n = 62). The affective valence and intensity models were connected to distinct large-scale brain networks—the intensity model to the ventral attention network and the valence model to the limbic and default mode networks. Overall, this study identified the brain representations of affective valence and intensity across pleasure and pain, promoting the systems-level understanding of human affective experiences.


In this study the off-state viscosity characteristics of silicone oil and iron (Fe) based  magnetorheological (MR) fluids were investigated. The relationship between relative viscosity (η rel ) and the amount of magnetic phase (φ) of MR fluids that were prepared with various  concentrations of magnetic phase (5, 10, 20, 30, 40 vol%) was determined experimentally. The data obtained from experimental study were compared with Mooney and Krieger-Dougherty models. The experimental results showed that the viscosity had a shear thinning behavior and it increased significantly with increasing magnetic phase. Besides, the viscosity profile was found to be in good agreement with Mooney model.