Objective:To evaluate multiphasic enhancement of helical CT scan in the diagnosis of small renal cell carcinoma(RCC).Methods:[WT5"BZ]The CT scan datum and pathologic findings of 21 patients pathologically proved renal cell carcinomas (3 cm or less in diameter) were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Of 18 cases of solid RCC, 10 showed marked tumor enhancement in cortical or artery phase, in another 5 cases the enhancement was slight to moderate. 3 cases of small cystic RCC showed enhancement of asymmetry or partition or edge. Enhancement of RCC in vein phase was a little lower than of renal cortical. Enhancement faded away in the following parenchymal phase and pyelographic phase.Conclusion:The multiphasic enhancement of helical CT scan is more superior than conventional CT in diagnosis of small RCC. In most cases ,tumor enhancement was strong in cortical or artery phase, but weak in parenchymal phase and in pyelographic phase. They demonstrated some degree of "fast washing out" phenomenon, which is characteristic pattern of enhancement. The scanning in vein phase is needed to the diagnosis of RCC, it can help to differentiate tumor from renal cortical and avoid error diagnosis.


A simple fracture testing method, combined with acoustic-emission (AE) monitoring was developed in order to investigate the mechanical performance of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) under simulated environment. The fracture testing method was applied to ceria electrolyte-supported single cells. The fracture damage process was shown to involve vertical cracking and delamination in the cathode, and vertical cracking in the electrolyte, and the fracture damages were most likely due to chemical expansion induced stresses. It was demonstrated that the AE method may enable one to detect the above-mentioned fracture process and to determine the onset condition for fracture damage in the single cell.


Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provide superior visuals that might be suitable for complicated surgical procedures in complex parts of the human body like brain and heart. Brain tumor removal is one of the trickiest surgical procedures and the pituitary tumor is one of the most common type of intracranial tumors. In this paper, we present an MRI compatible robotic system for pituitary tumor removal via trans-nasal access to the surgical site. The robotic system is designed to operate in a Siemens® 3T MRI scanner. A 5mm diameter and 6-DOF design specific manipulator is developed to access the pituitary glands and remove the tumor using the commercially available tools. The actuation system is designed to fit inside the MRI bore and operate just above the nasal entry point. The manipulator is designed to work in a $20\times 20\text{mm}$ workspace of the pituitary gland and this workspace is validated by experiments. The presented robotic system is expected to decrease the complexity by accessing the surgical site through the nasal cavity and improve the quality of tumor removal by providing better image quality under MRI guidance.


The morphology of copper precipitate colonies in silicon is determined completely by a dislocation climb and glide mechanism. Interstitial dislocation loops, originating from three‐dimensional nucleation centers are involved. Preferential climb in 〈110〉 directions of the 〈100〉 oriented edges of interstitial loops parallel to {110} planes and with b=〈110〉 determines the orientation of the colonies. The memory effect is ascribed to lattice defects which remain after complete out‐diffusion of the copper.


Objective:It has been previously demonstrated that the ectopic expression of LRP16 gene in Ishikawa human endometrial cancer cells promoted the invasive ability of the cells through down-regulation of E-cahderin.In this study,the involved molecular pathway was investigated.Methods:The expression of E-cadherin protein in LRP16-overexpressed Ishikawa cells was measured by immunohistological staining.Cotransfection and luciferase assays were used to determine the effect of LRP16 on the transcriptional activity of E-cadherin promoter.The recruitment of both estrogen receptor α(ERα)and LRP16 proteins was detected by chromatin immunoprecipitation(ChIP)assay.Results:E-cadherin was significantly down-regulated in Ishikawa cells with LRP16 overexpression.LRP16 inhibited the transactivation of E-cadherin promoter in an estrogen dependent manner.The recruitment of ERα at the E-cadherin promoter was inhibited by LRP16.Conclusion:LRP16 suppressed the transcriptional activity of E-cadherin in Ishikawa cells through blocking the recruitment of ERα to its promoter region.


Aims: Use of lacticin 481 to facilitate the conjugal transfer of the bacteriophage resistance plasmid pCBG104 to various starter cultures.


BACKGROUND
Final events preceding aneurysm rupture are not completely known. The current study relates to incomplete aortic aneurysm wall lesions (i.e. malacia, dark staining and blebs or blisters) as possible sites of aneurysm rupture.

METHODS
162 abdominal aortic aneurysms, resected between 1988 and 1996, have been reviewed and 27 cases of aneurysms presenting wall thickness lesions are reported. The lesions were scheduled by operative reports and compared to ultrasound and CT scans.

RESULTS
The authors classify aortic aneurysms into three phases, depending on the degree of wall degeneration viz 1. Flawless wall aneurysms. 2. (a-b-c) Aneurysms with intraparietal lesions. 3. Ruptured aneurysms.

CONCLUSIONS
It is concluded that stage 2 aortic aneurysms must be urgently operated on. They carry a high surgical risk and, consequently, higher morbidity and mortality compared with stage 1 aneurysms.


Hindiyya is a consummate piece of historical writing that combines biographical narrative, longterm structure analysis and good old-fashioned murder mystery. Revisiting some of the themes from his seminal 1994 study Les Chrétiens du Proche-Orient au temps de la Réforme Catholique1, Bernard Heyberger sets out to investigate the life, career and mental world of the Maronite prioress and mystic Hindiyya 'Ujaymi (d. 1798), one of the most colourful and certainly most controversial figures in the early modern Levant. The result, more than just an important contribution to Lebanese and Catholic Church history, also offers a unique genderbased understanding of the impact of European imperialism on one segment of Ottoman-era society. If any regret can be voiced about this book at all, it is that Hindiyya's case as well as the sources treated here may indeed be so original and particular as to defy useful methodological comparison with, or insertion into, Middle Eastern history in a wider sense. The study is arranged chronologically in four parts, beginning with Hindiyya's childhood in Aleppo in the first half of the 18th century. Born into a devout, upper middle class Maronite family, it is the profound changes in oriental Christianity in this period that play a key role in Hindiyya's later career as a living saint. Since the Catholic Reformation, Jesuit and other Latin missionaries had increasingly brought local Christian society into the sphere of Roman influence, the split within the Orthodox community and the Melkites' union with the Catholic Church being the best-known result. However, Heyberger also reveals a more profound rupture between traditional, lineage-based religious identity and a newer, more individualistic and affective form of devotion among Aleppo's Christians irrespective of confessional denomination. For young women in particular, who in the past might be even more sequestered than their Muslim sisters, studying with a "Frankish" friar or joining one of the new Latin religious orders could be a means to avoid early marriage and instead lead a life of self-determination. The author explores some possible historical-psychoanalytical explanations for Hindiyya's growing pietism and penchant for ecstatic visions (e.g. diagnosing her with hysterical neurosis and later on with paranoid psychosis); more pertinent and convincing is his portrayal (chapter 4) of how European cultural influences, from popular literary tracts on saints' lives to the new realism of baroque painting to an enlightenment fascination with anatomy, informed her mystical obsession with the body of Christ. Given to self-laceration and extreme fasting from an early age, Hindiyya finally divulges her visions of Jesus asking for her hand as his spiritual bride. With the shepherding of her Jesuit confessor, her claim to sainthood is concretized by the miraculous appearance of stigmata, an engagement ring, and prophetic abilities. Therewith begins not only a stellar religious-charismatic career, but also a fierce contest between local and Roman Church authorities for control over her. To her Jesuit handlers, who were already envisaging her eventual death and burial in view of getting her canonized, Hindiyya at first represented an opportunity to realize their project of opening an inter-denominational women's convent in Mt Lebanon. They were opposed in this by the Shuwayr monastery, which preferred to see any new order placed under Melkite direction, but also by the Maronite Khazin clan and indeed by Hindiyya herself, who fought and was ultimately


For the numerical solution of unilateral variational inequalities two iterative schemes are developed which provide approximations from below resp. from above. Both schemes are based on some kind of active set strategy and require the solution of an algebraic system of equations at each iteration step which is done by means of multigrid techniques. Convergence results are established and illustrated by some numerical results for the elastic-plastic torsion problem


The computational complexity in calculating the geometric, central moments and Hu's moment invariants is analyzed. The analysis considers number of multiplication and addition operations required for calculating moment invariants and share of computational resources required for central moments calculation. The method of computational costs calculation is proposed. The method can be applied to estimate computational costs of moment invariants of any order and for solving the problem of choosing minimal invariant sets that provides image recognition maximum quality.


Lipocalin‐2 (Lcn2) is an innate immune peptide with pleiotropic effects. Lcn2 binds iron‐laden bacterial siderophores, chemo‐attracts neutrophils and has immunomodulatory and apoptosis‐regulating effects.


The object of the present study is to observe the relative orality of two ontologically different texts. Specifically, it examines the effect of simultaneous interpreting on the orality of the target text as compared with that of the source text, based on the relative incidence of features associated with oral (spokenlike) and with literate (writtenlike) discourse. [...] [2] The corpus used here consists of four Hebrew and four English source texts and their respective target texts (produced by a total of three professional interpreters in real, rather than simulated conditions). Two out of each set of four texts were markedly closer to the oral end of the continuum, and two to the literate one. Four of the parameters most frequently cited in the literature were used as a basis for isolating the features relevant to textual orality: (1) degree of planning; (2) shared content and knowledge; (3) lexis; and (4) degree of involvement. Every feature considered relevant to these parameters in the respective source and target texts was isolated in an attempt to pinpoint the shifts in the position of each text along the oralliterate continuum. This analysis served as a basis for testing the following three hypotheses: 1. Simultaneous interpretation exerts an equalizing effect on the position of a text on the oralliterate continuum; i.e., it diminishes the orality of markedly oral texts and the literateness of markedly literate ones. Thus, the range of the [3] oralliterate continuum is reduced in simultaneous interpreting. 2. The equalizing effect of simultaneous interpretation is a more powerful force than the position of the target text within its respective literacy system; thus, the mode of interlingual transfer is a more powerful force than the preferred position of a target text. Specifically, it was predicted that shifts from either extreme of On Shlesinger's proposed equalizing universal 3 the continuum towards its center would supersede the ostensible tendency of Hebrew texts to become more literate in translation into English and of English texts to become more oral in translation into Hebrew. 3. The equalizing effect of simultaneous interpretation is a more powerful force than the explicitation typical of interlingual transfer. The findings reveal that interpretation does have a consistent tendency to render a literate text more oral. In the case of the oral source texts, the findings were less unequivocal. Nonetheless, the analysis indicates clearly that the range of the oralliterate continuum is reduced in simultaneous interpretation. The hypotheses concerning the relative weight of the mode [4] of interlingual transfer, on the one hand, and of the literacy tradition, on the other, was borne out in the case of the literate source texts. The findings for the oral-type source texts were inconclusive, as were those related to the bearing of the mode of transfer on explicitation. The first chapters then go over the background material: the nature of interpreting, and the research to that date on orality vs. literacy. Note that what is under study here is not whether a text is actually spoken or written, but whether it has the qualities associated with those modes. Thus a spoken text can be relatively oral or literate, as can a written one. The four features taken to represent a position on the continuum are operationalized as follows: – Degree of planning: Literate texts are more highly planned before they are produced, and this is shown in: 1) greater lexical density (i.e. a higher type/token ratio), especially as achieved by nominalizations, modifiers, subordinating conjunctions and the like; oral texts have more fragmented syntax and tend to use coordinating conjunctions, 2) use of cohesive ties, which is greater in literate texts, whereas oral texts have lower textual cohesion and thus assume greater knowledge of the context, 3) disfluencies and flow monitoring: oral texts have more redundancies, pauses, repetitions, and monitoring of information flow, to check on whether the text is being understood. [Note that here Shlesinger actually puts lexical density and cohesive ties under the same head; here we have separated them because of the relation between cohesion and the explicitation hypothesis, to which we return below.] – Shared content and knowledge: Oral texts require that the addressee know more about the context, whereas literate texts have to be more explicit in their semantic references. [Shlesinger uses this particular continuum to argue that explicitation is a feature of more literate texts, since they are more contextindependent. This effectively offers an explanation of why explicitation is ostensibly found in translations, since they cannot assume the same degree of shared content as can nontranslations. Note, however, that explicitation in the use of cohesion markers – as in Blum-Kulka (1986) – may also be a consequence of the greater "planning" of the more literate texts. Blum-Kulka's prior hypothesis would thus seem to be integrated under two heads here.]


In this paper, a semi-supervised random forest (RF) algorithm is presented for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery. Firstly, many unlabeled samples are divided into two parts, denoted respectively as unlabeled sample I and unlabeled sample II. Then a graph-all the labeled samples are used to train the multiple decision trees. If the classification result is consistent with the one of label prediction, then the unlabeled sample I is added to the labeled samples and used for building RF model. While, the data of unlabeled sample II are utilized for testing of the obtained RF model. Finally, the developed RF algorithm is applied to an experimental platform of rotating machinery. It is shown from the simulation results that, for the cases of noisy samples with unsatisfying labels, the new developed semi-supervised RF algorithm can improve the fault classification accuracy than the conventional RF.


Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of CT in the bladder rupture. Materials and Methods The CT imaging data of 8 patients with bladder rupture confirmed by surgery were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were intraperitoneal bladder rupture in 5 cases and extraperitoneal bladder rupture in 3 cases. The CT diagnosis was accurate for bladder rupture in 7 patients and misdiagnosis was occurred in 1 case. Conclusion The CT examination is helpful in the diagnosis of bladder rupture.


Telomerase has been suggested as being necessary for continued cell growth and progression of cancer. Esophageal cancer and matched normal esophageal tissue from 54 patients were analyzed for telomerase activity, human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA expression, and their correlation with clinicopathological factors.


A display array which can reduce the row connections between the display and the driver circuit and methods of manufacturing and operating the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, a display device comprises an array of microelectromechanical system (MEMS) display elements (30) and a plurality of passive impedance network circuits (52) coupled to said array and configured to provide row output voltages to drive said array. Each passive impedance network comprises an output to a row of display elements and three or more inputs. No more than one input is shared by two passive impedance networks.


Providing kinds of product manufacturing process method of online real-time control, comprising: (A) based on each product manufacturing process of each step of the respective production line parameters to establish monitoring equations for estimating the product properties, wherein the calculation result of the monitoring equation indicating the quality of the product, expressed as a nonlinear equation to monitor the function of the production line parameters; value (B) one step each time the display is completed, according to the feedback line corresponding to the production line process parameters to update equation calculation result of the monitoring; (C) when the mass update calculation result (B) in the step of indicating a display quality does not meet the predetermined specifications, and the step of a step located after the respective parameters of the production line adjusted so that the quality of products meet the required quality specifications. According to the method, the key attributes of the display may be kept within acceptable specifications by adjusting the parameters of a subsequent process production line.


Six-bar parallel mechanism is widely used in synchrotron radiation facilities for X-ray optics of the beam-lines.The six-dimensional adjustment, however, is difficult and inefficient without theoretical direction. Toachieve improved speed and accuracy of the six-dimensional adjustment, characteristics of the parallel mechanism are analyzed. By means of coordinate transformations, the inverse kinematics of six-bar parallel mechanism is studied, and the precise equations for six bars length are obtained. Curves of six bars length are represented after simulating and calculating by MATLAB. The result shows that the method is fast and efficient, the linear resolution can be better than 5 μm and the rotational resolution can be better than 3". This method satisfies practical requirement and provides a theoretical foundation for the platform's fine adjustment in synchrotron radiation beam-line.


The spittlebug Philaenus spumarius (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae) is the predominant vector of Xylella fastidiosa (Xanthomonadales: Xanthomonadaceae) in Apulia and Europe. Current control strategies of the insect vector rely on mechanical management of nymphal stages and insecticide application against adult populations. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are biological control agents naturally attacking spittlebugs and may effectively reduce population levels of host species. Different experimental trials in controlled conditions have been performed to i) identify naturally occurring EPF on P. spumarius in Northwestern Italy, and ii) evaluate the potential for biocontrol of the isolated strains on both nymphal and adult stages of the spittlebug. Four EPF species were isolated from dead P. spumarius cadavers collected in semi-field conditions: Beauveria bassiana, Conidiobolus coronatus, Fusarium equiseti and Lecanicillium aphanocladii. All the fungal isolates showed entomopathogenic potential against nymphal stages of P. spumarius (≈ 45 % mortality), except for F. equiseti, in preliminary trials. No induced mortality was observed on the adult stage. Lecanicillium aphanocladii was the most promising fungus and its pathogenicity against spittlebug nymphs was further tested in different formulations (conidia vs blastospores) and with natural adjuvants. Blastospore formulation was the most effective in killing nymphal instars and reducing the emergence rate of P. spumarius adults, reaching mortality levels (90%) similar to those of the commercial product Naturalis®, while no or adverse effect of natural adjuvants was recorded. The encouraging results of this study pave the way for testing EPF isolates against P. spumarius in field conditions and find new environmentally friendly control strategies against insect vectors of X. fastidiosa.


This paper discusses on the annual expeditionary evaluation on library's service for readers from aspects of laying down the standards of the annual expeditionary evaluation scientifically, quantizing the contents of the annual expeditionary evaluation rationally, perfecting the method of the annual expeditionary evaluation, and regulating the working procedures of the annual expeditionary evaluation, etc.


The mechanical properties of a cylindrical grid are determined by such parameters as grid length, diameter, wire size, TPI, and siderod configuration. Because the grid resonates in several different modes, each of these parameters affects each resonant mode in a different way or to a different degree. Small cylindrical brazed grids have been found to have a torsional vibration mode, a cantilever vibration mode, and a vibration mode in which the normal circular-cylindrical shape of the grid assumes the shape of an elliptic cylinder. There are, in addition, resonances due to the vibration of the individual lateral wires. This paper analyzes the effects on mechanical resonance of various design parameters, such as truss wires, multiple siderods, low-pitch end hands, and variations of length and diameter. Data are presented to show the improved resonant-frequency performance obtained with grid designs based on this analysis. The effects of each design on thermal characteristics are also discussed.


One hundred samples of traditional fermented skimmed milk (Laban Rayb) were randomly collected from villages near Giza and Cairo governorates, Egypt and subjected to determination of pH, sensory evaluation and isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria. The obtained results revealed that pH ranged from 3.0 to 4.5 with a mean of 3.6780±0.04951, most of the examined samples (45%) were judged as very good. The isolated lactic acid bacteria were lactobacillus, lactococcus, leuconostoc and streptococcus as 25, 29.54, 13.64and 31.82%, respectively, the majority of identified isolates were Leuco. mesen cremoris (25%), Lact. lactis subsp. Lactis (20%) followed by St. salivaris var thermophilus (15%), both L. delbrukii var bulgaricus and L. helvaticus represented as (10%) followed by L.delbrukii var delbrukii(8%)then L.acidophilus (7%) while the lowest percent (5%) was St.acidomin. In conclusion, there are several factors which influence the quality of fermented milks, these include type of milk, processing conditions, storage conditions and however, quality of starter culture is the most important factor that influences the development of fermented milks. The choice of starter culture being based on their production of lactic acid, aromatic compounds as well as their therapeutic values to some types used.


At the beginning of its formation psychology used to be a philosophical discipline; permanent methodological crisis started along with psychology standing apart as a separate science. The common questions that defined methodological crisis of psychology are its philosophical foundation and subject of study. This article contains information about one of the attempts to find a solution to listed problems on materials of the history of Russian psychology. The path of psychology formation on a basis of Marxist philosophy wasn't easy; there were many debates and arguments upon a subject. This way wasn't a coincidence, it was conditioned both social processes and inner logic of this science development. The chosen historical example shows the connection between philosophy and psychology. This connection back there was reasoned by the fact that at first there was a need to defend the materialistic approach to the understanding of psychological. Currently, the question of the philosophical basis of psychology is being ignored, though in the Soviet era for a short period this crisis was overcome and methodology that was constructed allowed to achieve expected results. The methodological crisis arose again with the political system being demolished. Pluralistic methodological positions that existed afterwards couldn't grand the actual solution, they only acknowledged the existence of a multiplicity of psychologies. One of the alternatives to further development would be the construction of an independent discipline going by the name of a philosophy of psychology. Psychology needs philosophical conceptualization and a view from the meta on its history and future evolution. This discipline can stop arguments that went on for years. We though suppose that the construction of this discipline needs full scientific cooperation including support from those who work in the field of psychology, philosophy and methodology. Constructing unified methodological and communicative space on a basis of the philosophy of psychology can help with solutions to practical tasks such as the question of consciousness or the development of artificial intelligence.


In the pursuit to change scholarly communication, libraries have undertaken a number of initiatives. These may include establishing a formal program, creating a committee, or taking other concerted actions at their institutions. While librarians have been engaged in targeted activities for some time, there has been no attempt to describe what constitutes a successful program. This paper proposes that five stages that are experienced in organized attempts to change scholarly communication, arguing that the use of stages provides a practical approach to addressing a nearly intractable problem. The author defines these stages, offers illustrative examples, provides measures of success, and details strategies that support the efforts toward change.


The present invention relates to a prosthetic drive mechanism comprises a planetary gear mechanism having two drive means and a driven means, this engaging mechanism is provided with three internal (external), arranged coaxially to each other different number of teeth of the sun gear 3 4, 5, 6, 7, at least two planet wheels meshing therewith, wherein each of the intermediate planet gears are meshed with the sun gear 4, while always only two adjacent to one side of the sun gear of the sun gear of one of the intermediate 3,5 engagement, whereby the planet wheels 6, 7 are selectively driven by the two outer engagement 8 (inner) sun gear, one 9.


ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: To describe the assistance protocol, at the Center for Integral Assistance of Cleft Lip and Palate Patients (CAIF); to assess the expectations and motivations in respect to treatment; to evaluate the social integration and inclusion obtained through the procedure. METHODS: a retrospective study with all the 50 patients recruited among those submitted to the procedure of premaxilla repositioning, at the period from January 2003 to july 2005, at the Center for Integral Assistance of Cleft Lip and Palate Patients (CAIF), Parana. A questionnaire was applied. RESULTS: regarding the assistance protocol, the results showed success in 90% of surgeries. Concerning surgical and social integration expectations, it was showed that 76% looked after surgery for personal satisfaction reasons and, 86% related better self trust after surgery. CONCLUSION: the surgical protocol of premaxilla repositioning is a viable technique for the treatment of patients with bilateral cleft of the alveolar process; the majority of patients submitted to premaxilla repositioning perceived the treatment as continuity of the care received, participated due to medical indication, expecting improvement at personal aspect and in self trust and, 96% of them, related satisfaction with results, which facilitates integration and social inclusion.


Current flow is considered in an on-chip railclamp-array serving as IEC-61000-4-2 protection. Two limiting case current flows ("U"-shaped and "Z"-shaped flow) are described mathematically. The current density can be controlled using ballast resistors, as a railclamp array test structure demonstrates. Its design process including pre-tapeout validation is described.


As an important instrument for air-to-ground communication, the large space deployable antenna plays an important role in driving technological innovation and has become a topic of interest for research scholars worldwide. A large-scale deployable ring truss is introduced in this paper, which is equipped with a complete rope-driven driving method and supplements a cable net system in forming a complete space antenna. The antenna supporting arm is a slender structure that exhibits a certain flexible deformation during the deployment process of the antenna. A dynamic deployment model of supporting arms based on the absolute node coordinate formulation is established. In addition, based on the Lagrange equation, dynamic equations of multibody systems, including equations describing friction and flexible cable nets, are built. Furthermore, the optimal deployment process law of the antenna is developed. Finally, the performance of the deployment process of the antenna supporting arms and space deployable antenna is analyzed by the numerical simulation, which lays a solid foundation for subsequent prototype development and control theory research.


Abstract Objective The current study prospectively examines the intra-uterine hypothesis by comparing maternal, paternal and grandparental lineage influences on children's diet and also maternal–child aggregation patterns during pregnancy and early childhood. Design Prenatal dietary information was available for expectant mothers, fathers and up to four grandparents through a detailed validated semi-quantitative FFQ. At 6-year follow-up, when children averaged 5 years of age, dietary information was re-collected for mothers and a subset of maternal grandmothers using the same FFQ. Child's FFQ version was used for children. Anthropometric and sociodemographic variables were also collected. Settings Three-generation familial cohort representative of the contemporary Irish national population. Subjects Children aged 5 years (n 567) and their parents and grandparents. Results Associations for energy, macronutrient and fibre intakes were compared using Pearson's correlations, intra-class correlations (ICC) and linear regression models, adjusted for energy and potential confounders. Significant, moderate-strength positive correlations were observed for nutrient intakes in children's nuclear families (ICC (range) = 0·22–0·28). The father–child associations (r (range) = 0·13–0·20) were weaker than the mother–child associations (r (range) = 0·14–0·33). In general, associations were stronger for maternal postnatal intake–child intake than for maternal prenatal intake–child intake, except for percentage of energy from fat (adjusted β = 0·16, 95 % CI 0·05, 0·26; P = 0·004), which was stronger for maternal prenatal intake, specifically in non-breast-fed children (adjusted β = 0·28, 95 % CI 0·12, 0·44; P = 0·001). Among all grandparents, correlations were significant only for maternal grandmother–mother pairs (r (range) = 0·10–0·36). Significant positive ICC were observed for nutrient intakes of maternal grandmother–mother–child triads (ICC (range) = 0·12–0·27), not found in paternal lines. Conclusions These findings suggest that maternal-environment programming influences dietary intake.


Subsistence data from Far Western Pueblos in riverine settings demonstrate the importance of maize farming, although variability in recovery techniques and sampling choices have resulted in ambiguity regarding the use of wild foods. The dry deposits of Antelope Cave on the Uinkaret Plateau in northwestern Arizona have yielded a rich assemblage of faunal and botanical remains that demonstrate the importance of hunted prey and gathered foods. In particular, cave debris contains strong evidence of highly successful communal jackrabbit drives that provided food and raw material for robes, as well as indication of crop cultivation nearby. We suggest Puebloan people maximized returns and reduced risks through a combination of seasonal movements and the use of both wild and cultivated resources. The use of a flexible subsistence strategy that crosscut a diverse landscape illustrates how Puebloan people exercised their intimate knowledge of the land.


The challenge with using the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) is when the UAV makes a landing. This problem can be overcome by developing a landing vision through helipad detection. This helipad detection can make it easier for UAVs to land accurately and precisely by detecting the helipad using a camera. Furthermore, image processing technology is used on the image produced by the camera. You Only Look Once (YOLO) is an image processing algorithm developed to detect objects in real-time, and it is the result of the development of one of the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm methods. Therefore, in this study the YOLO method was used to detect a helipad in real-time. The models used in the YOLO algorithm were Mean-Shift and Tiny YOLO VOC. The Tiny YOLO VOC model performed better than the Mean-Shift method in detecting helipads. The test results obtained a confidence value of 91.1%, and the system processing speed reached 35 frames per second (fps) in bright conditions and 37 fps in dark conditions at an altitude of up to 20 meters.


In their contribution "Factors of Social Stratification of Youth: Education, Labor, Consumption" Gamlet M. Mkrtchyan and Yevgeny Yu. Shakin summarize the findings of a poll among graduates of educational institutions in Moscow. The authors show that the young people intend to rely on their education and high qualification in order to enter the job market. They expect their education to be a gain which allows them to achieve a certain status position. The main attribute to this position is, according to the youth's opinion, material well-being.


CATALYST COMPOSITION FOR IMPROVED RUBBER SILICONES curable ROOM TEMPERATURE AND IN A SINGLE PACKAGE, PREPARATION AND USES. PREPARED ON THE CATALYST COMPOSITION BY MAKING REACT ACTIVATOR ADHESION SELECTED FROM maleates SILYL, sILYL fumarates, succinates sILYL THE iSOCYANURATES AND OF sILYL cyanurates sILYL WITH AGENT CROSSLINKER sILANE TYPE FUNCTIONS ACYLOXY. THEN BROUGHT ON THE CATALYST COMPOSITION IN SILICONE RUBBER VULCANIZABLE ROOM TEMPERATURE CONVENTIONAL TYPE. THE LATTER MAY THEN BE STORED FOR LONG PERIODS OF IN A SEALED CONTAINER BEFORE ITS EXPOSURE ATMOSPHERIC MOISTURE CAUSES AND ITS CURE PROCESSING IN RUBBER HAVING EXCELLENT PHYSICAL AND A GOOD GRIP ON VARIOUS TYPES OF MEDIA.


The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of organizational culture
and organizational justice on employee satisfaction and organizational commitment. Employees whose aged equal and more than 25 years old and worked in the general organizations in Bangkok, Thailand were respondents. There were 406 qualified questionnaires were used in this analysis. SEM (Structure Equation Model) was used to examine the hypothesis. The finding indicated both organizational culture and organizational justice had direct positive effect on employee satisfaction and organizational commitment.
This research provided effective resources (organizational culture and
organizational justice) for the companies to improve the employee satisfaction, and make employees more willing to remain and build their career within the organization. In addition, the information in this research could be useful for the future studies to explore the organizational culture and organizational justice effect on the employee satisfaction and employee commitment in other Asian countries.


The upgrading laws of FCC gasoline from Chinese Yanshan Petrochemical Corporation were investigated in a confined fluidized bed reactor,for olefin reduction and more propylene production.The composition of gas product and liquid product was analyzed in detail,and the influence of reaction temperature,weight hourly space velocity,catalyst to oil weight ratio and the activity of catalyst on product distribution were studied.The results show that operating conditions and catalyst activity have different effect on product distribution,and it is feasible to reduce olefin content of FCC gasoline with more propylene production via optimizing operating conditions.At optimal operating conditions,olefin content by volume in FCC gasoline can decline to 11.8 %,and the yield of propylene in liquefied petroleum gas can reach 44.4 %.


Dallas — According to Drs. Harlan and Todd Pollock, a suture technique they developed has virtually eliminated the most common abdominoplasty complication, seroma formation, while shortening convalescence.


The Precambrian pegmatites of Komu area intrude semi discordantly older rock types, such as biotite gneiss,amphibolites and pelitic schists. The pegmatites occur as near flat lying bodies. This study aims at elucidating thegeological setting, petrography, geochemical features and age of mineralization of these pegmatite bodies, with a viewto classifying them and knowing their economic potential. The petrographic analysis shows that the pegmatite samplescontain mainly quartz (35%), plagioclase (15%), microcline (10%) and muscovite (12%) with accessories like tourmaline,tantalum, niobium and illmeno-rutiles. Geochemical analysis of the muscovites extracted from pegmatites show thatthese rocks are enriched in silica (>60%) and Al2O3 (>12%) and depleted in Fe2O3, MgO and TiO2. Trace element analysisshows that the pegmatites contain rare metals with moderately high Ta, Nb, Sn, Rb, Li and Cs values and depleted in Ti,Ba and Zr. Elemental ratios indicate low ratios of K/Cs, Th/U and K/Rb. Variation plots of Ta/(Ta+Nb) versus Mn/(Mn+Fe) show that the pegmatites plot in the complex (beryl subtype) field. The Na/K versus Sn, Nb, Rb variation plotsshow that the pegmatites of Komu area are mineralized and compare favourably with those of other mineralized pegmatiteareas like Egbe and Ijero in southwestern Nigeria. The variation plots of Ta versus K/Cs, and Ta/W versus Cs, alsoconfirm rare metal mineralization of Komu pegmatites, which plot over the mineralized line of Beus and Gordiyenko. TheK/Rb versus Rb, Cs and Sn plots indicate low K/Rb ratios indicating moderate differentiation. The Rare Earth Elements(REE) show high heavy REE values and lower light REE values with prominent positive Ce anomaly and negative Euanomaly from normalized chondrite plots. K/Ar dating of the age of mineralization of muscovites extracted from thepegmatite yielded late Pan-African ages between 502.8±13Ma and 514.5±13.2Ma. This period represents the coolingages of the muscovite and suggests that the pegmatites may not be cogenetic with the surrounding Pan-Africangranitoids.


In marine environment, the corrosion rate of metallic structures vary remarkably with the change in climatic conditions and seawater composition across geographical locations. The corrosion in brackish and polluted seawaters is even more complicated due to the presence of different chemical species and untreated effluents. The complex correlation between the above average temperature and salinity with the high nutrient content in polluted seawater tends to accelerate the rate of biological activities and microbiological induced corrosion (MIC). This research paper has investigated the short-term corrosion of cupronickel (Cu-Ni) 90/10 alloy, and mild steel in the highly saline and warm seawaters. Field experiments for general corrosion under fully immersed condition were conducted at two site locations, represented as site 1 for pollutantrich seawaters and site 2 for natural seawaters in the North Indian Ocean. The experiments were conducted for a period of up to two months and coupons for each metal alloy were recovered from both sites after an exposure period of 15, 30, 45, and 60 days, respectively. In both environmental conditions, significantly high mass loss and corrosion rates were recorded for each metal alloys. Despite the same temperature of seawater and immersion depth at both sites, average corrosion losses at site 1 were found to be 5 and 3 times higher than that of site 2 for Cu-Ni alloy 90/10, and mild steel coupons, respectively.


In 1994,Mitchem and Simoson introduced the notion of super edge-graceful graphs when they studied the problem of the labeling graph.In the course of studied subsequent,it is proven that some graphs are super edge-graceful,and some conjectures on super edge-graceful graphs were introduced.The super edge-graceful labeling of cycles Cn is discussed,and it is proved that Cn is super edge-graceful when n≠4,6.


This paper presents a high-speed and high-precision chopper amplifier for industrial sensing applications. Parallel-RC filter network and ripple reduction loop (RRL) are added to reduce the ripple interference caused by modulated offset voltage and low-frequency noise. Besides, the noise performance of amplifier is further optimized by adopting a multi-rate duty-cycled resistor (MDCR) as the input resistor in RRL. This design is based on a 65-nm CMOS process. The power supply voltage and total current consumption are 1.8V and 1mA, respectively. In this work, the chopper frequency is set to 1MHz, and the closed-loop gain is 40dB with capacitor feedback. The signal bandwidth is 300kHz, while the input reference noise density is 1.66 nV/√ Hz with a NEF of 2.1.


&NA; The strains serotyped as M71 from group A Streptococcus are common causes of pharyngeal and skin diseases worldwide. Here we characterize the genome of a unique non‐invasive M71 human isolate, NS53. The genome does not contain structural rearrangements or large‐scale gene gains/losses, but encodes a full set of non‐truncated known virulence factors, thus providing an ideal reference for comparative studies. However, the NS53 genome showed incongruent phenotypic implications from distinct genotypic markers. NS53 is characterized as an emm pattern D and FCT (fibronectin‐collagen‐T antigen) type‐3 strain, typical of skin tropic strains, but is phylogenetically close to emm pattern E strains with preference for both skin and pharyngeal infections. We propose that this incongruence could result from recombination within the emm gene locus, or, alternatively, selection has been against those genetic alterations. Combined with the inability to select for CovS switching, a process is indicated whereby NS53 has been pre‐adapted to specific host niches selecting against variations in CovS and many other genes. This may allow the strain to attain successful colonization and long‐term survival. A balance between genetic variations and fitness may exist for this bacterium to form a stabilized genome optimized for survival in specific host environments. &NA; Graphical Abstract Figure. One sentence summary: The authors discuss the incongruent genotype:phenotype correlation in Streptococcus.


An evaluation of basal area increment was made in 1988 of six pine plantations located across the southeastern United States. These plantations had been thinned in 1969-1970 and stumps treated with borax to measure long-term efficacy of annosus root rot control. In the present study, no long-term growth effects were identified. There were neither negative growth effects of residual infection in surviving trees nor were there positive growth effects in trees which were released as a result of tree mortality. These results suggest that effects of inoculation and control treatments may have been limited only to those trees which died as a result of infection center development following thinning. Annosus root rot, which is caused by Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref., is potentially destructive on southern pines growing on high-risk sites. Root contacts and grafts are abundant among closely spaced plantation trees. When these trees are thinned, stumps are colonized by H. annosum, which continues to colonize the root systems of the thinned trees and eventually the roots of adjacent living trees. Affected trees may either be killed after several years or suffer growth loss (Alexander and others, 1981). An important control measure recommended for plantations on high risk sites at the first thinning is to treat the freshly cut stump surfaces with borax. The boron ion is toxic to germinating spores of many fungi, including H. annosum. As the toxic effects of the boron gradually leach away, soil-borne saprophytic fungi quickly invade the stump and H. annosum is unable to compete. The beneficial effects of borax in southern pine plantations were first observed by Driver (1963) and subsequently shown by Hodges 1 Presented at the Symposium on Research and Management of Annosus Root Disease in Western North America, April 18-24, 1989, Monterey, California. 2 Professor and Lecturer/Statistician, respectively, Department of Forestry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-1003; and Plant Pathologists, respectively, Forest Pest Management, USDA Forest Service, Southern Region, Atlanta, GA 30367. D. A. Starkey (1970) to reduce stump colonization by H. annosum up to 18 months after treatment. In 1969, a southwide pilot project was begun to compare the effectiveness of four promising treatments to prevent annosus root rot in thinned southern pine plantations (Phelps and others, 1970). Stump treatments included application of borax, sodium nitrite, Peniophora gigantea, summer thinning, and a check. In addition, the effects of heavy disease pressure were explored by artificially inoculating H. annosum on some plots. The project was a cooperative effort among state forestry agencies, private landowners, and the USDA Forest Service Southeastern Forest Experiment Station, and Southeastern Area Forest Insect and Disease Management. A summary of results obtained for the period 1969 through 1977 indicated that, although positive effects were not always evident at some locations, borax provided the most effective and consistent protection against stump surface colonization, residual tree infection, and tree mortality (Weiss and others, 1978). No attempt was made at that time to translate residual tree infection and mortality into growth or volume losses. In 1988, we reevaluated the study and discussed the possibility of taking a final look at the plots before they were lost. Several plots had already been lost, either to natural calamities or to harvesting, and the remainder were approaching final harvest age. Owing to limited survey resources, we decided to examine only the effects of borax treatments in combination with inocula tions of H. annosum, which were basically the worst case and best case scenarios. Our objective was to determine if radial growth patterns showed that root disease depressed growth in surviving trees, and if borax stump treatment ameliorated these possible negative growth effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plots were reexamined at six locations (fig. 1). Plot locations and tree species were: Del Rio, Tenn., and Marion, Va., eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.); Shelby, N.C., Mineral Springs, Ark., and Lexington, Tenn., loblolly pine (P. taeda L.); and Jasper, Tex., slash pine (P. elliottii Engelm.). The treatments compared were: USDA Forest Service Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-116 117 Figure 1--Location of plantations used in the annosus root rot stump treatment pilot project. Circled locations were selected for the present study. Code Designation_____________ Treatment ______________ A-U Borax, not inoculated with H. annosum A-I Borax, inoculated with H. annosum E-U Check, not inoculated with H. annosum E-I Check, inoculated with H. annosum The two available replicate plots for each treatment for each location were sampled. When originally established in 1969-1970, plots were 93.4 ft (28.5 m) square with a 15-ft (4.6-m) wide buffer on each side. Steel rods marked the corners of the buffer zones. Maps were made of each plot, showing the compass bearings of the sides, and plot trees were identified with aluminum tags fixed with aluminum nails about 8.2 ft (2.5 m) above ground. Each plot center was reestablished 87 ft (26.5 m) from a corner rod on a bearing that bisected the corner angle. If rods could not be located, the plot center was estimated by measuring 66 ft (20.1 m) on the same bearing from the tagged tree closest to the true corner location. All pines and hardwoods with diameter at breast height (DBH) 2 5 in (12.7 cm) and within a 33-ft (10.1-m) radius of plot center were counted to determine the number of trees per acre. This radius ensured that all plot trees were within the original plot without encroaching on the buffer zone. About 40 percent of the original plot area was used to calculate volume and stocking. Basal area was calculated by measuring the stem diameters of those trees. Heights were measured for all pines within the 33-ft (10.1-m) radius and were to be used in volume calculations. The 10 pines closest to the plot center and within a 40-ft (12.2-m) radius of the plot center were sampled for radial growth analyses. In cases in which a road went through a plot, trees with crowns bordering the road were not sampled. If fewer than 10 eligible trees were found inside the 40-ft (12.2-m) radius, extra trees were sampled on the treatment plot's replicate. For example, if only 6 trees could be sampled on plot E-I-1, then at least 14 trees were sampled on plot E-I-2. Increment cores to the pith were removed at 4.5 ft (1.4 m) from ground level on the north and south faces of each of the 10 sampled trees. After being dried, the cores were glued into grooves in wood blocks, and a flat surface was sanded on each to prepare a transverse face suitable for measurement of annual ring widths. After cores were cross-dated, width of each annual ring was measured to 0.01 mm with a Bannister increment-measuring machine. The raw annual increment data were then converted to annual basal area increments (BAI) for each tree which were then averaged for each plot for the pretreatment period (prior to 1969) and the posttreatment period (1970-1979). These plot averages were then analyzed by using analysis of variance, and the means were subjected to Tukey's means separation technique. Contrasts were also constructed in which data from the borax treatment plots were compared to those from the check treatment plots, and data from plots inoculated with H. annosum were compared to those from plots that had not been inoculated. The variables of interest were the average BAI of pretreatment, the average BAI of posttreatment, and the average change in BAI between the pretreatment and posttreatment measurements. Because each location also repre sented a different tree species and stand age, the analyses were done separately for each location and location data were not combined for a pooled analysis.


To explain capacity limits on cognition, Franconeri et al. [1] highlight spatial interference and competition among visual object representations in the limited space of cortical maps. Franconeri et al. describe this idea as a "concrete suggestion to guide future research" (p. 6), but in fact it has already been tested in three recent papers on multiple object tracking. The findings in each indicate that spatial interference does not explain the observed capacity limits and that traditional resource theory provides a better account.


We study the relative phase fluctuations of two one-dimensional condensates coupled along their whole extension with a local single-atom interaction. The thermal equilibrium is defined by the competition between independent longitudinal thermally excited phase fluctuations and the coupling between the condensates which locally favors identical phase. We compute the relative phase fluctuations and their correlation length as a function of the temperature and the strength of the coupling.


Temperature is one of many factors that may have an important influence on activity of ectotherms. We investigated the influence of weather conditions on activity of common garter snakes, Tham- nophis sirtalis, at a fish hatchery on Vancouver Island where the water in which they forage is cold (<14?C). We used reduced major axis regression to partition the relationship between air temperature and number of snakes seen into subsets, and the uppermost subset of data was used to describe the upper boundary of the overall relationship At the hatchery site, the maximum number of snakes observed increased in relation to maximum daily air temperatures, with the highest numbers of snakes being observed on days when maximum daily air temperatures exceeded 25?C. By contrast, at a nearby reference site where snakes do not consume fish, the maximum number of snakes observed decreased in relation to maximum daily air tem- peratures, with very few snakes being observed on days with high maximum daily air temperatures. Ra- diotagged snakes were observed swimming in hatchery channels only on days when maximum daily air temperatures were high. Body temperatures of these snakes decreased extremely rapidly when the snakes entered the water, and remained low while they were in the hatchery channels. The body temperature of one snake that captured a fish while swimming in the channels was just over 14?C. We hypothesize that hot weather conditions permit snakes at hatchery sites to achieve high body temperatures rapidly subse- quent to foraging activity.


The importance of electric vehicles to the automotive sector has been growing fast over the last years. These vehicles feature novel electric powertrains, designed and sized using model-based engineering approaches. In this context, they would benefit from knowledge on operational torque loads. However, driveline torque loads are very expensive, and often not feasible, to measure in operational conditions. Therefore, this paper presents a method to obtain a model-based prediction of the motor torque applied on the driveline during on-the-road vehicle operation. As such, it aims to close the loop of model-based system engineering. The method is developed for the case of an induction machine as traction motor. In contrast to classical parameter identification tests requiring a motor test bench, the experimental test campaign for the model parameter identification can be performed on a chassis dynamometer, with the E-powertrain mounted in the vehicle.


Introduction A well known method of producing nanofibers is the electrospinning process. In this process a polymer solution is subjected to electrostatic charging whereby the electrostatic repulsion overcomes the surface tension and results in the ejection of thin liquid jets. The jets are further stretched in an electric field under simultaneous evaporation of the solvent resulting in the deposition of a "nano-fibrous" non-woven fiber mat. Fibers can be produced from single or multiple capillary needles or by needlefree electrospinning from a free liquid surface. By these processes fiber diameters well below 1 μm can be achieved. However, the production rate from the electrospinning process is low and scaled-up variants appear to be technically complex and expensive.


The concept of a bioeconomy can be an opportunity for agricultural and rural development. The objective of this research is to identify groups of family farms which are able to implement the principles of this new development model based on a bioeconomy and to reduce operating costs, especially energy. The time scope of this study covers the period 2004–2020. The data source is the Farm Accountancy Data Network. On the basis of the values of output, family farm income, cash flow, net investment and total inputs (including energy costs), the classes of family farms are indicated. The ranking is based on geographical criteria and the results of panel data models with fixed effects which measure the relationship between energy costs and production, income, cash flow and net investment according to the economic size of the family farm. The results obtained are discussed within the framework of recommendations of the European Commission.


The combination of human role and computer processing power will greatly improve the efficiency of CIMS application. In this paper, a pushpull model is put forward. By this model, the workflow within and between different subsystems can be integrated. It will make the CIMS application evolving more orderly, thus to create a humanmachine coordination environment and fulfill the enterprise strategy aims of winning in the market. The definition and system structure are given in this paper. On this basis, the methods of how to utilize the pushpull mechanism to form a well coordinated environment for CIMS are discussed.


Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS chemicals) have been prevalent since the 1940s. Yet, the impacts of these synthetic substances on human health still remain uncertain. In vivo studies exhibit cytotoxicity targets including: hepatotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, thyroid disruption, neurotoxicity, and many more. In this study, Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were tested for their potential effects on HTB-11 neuroblastoma cells, derived from bone marrow. Molecular docking, using the PYRX docking program, was additionally utilized to determine affinity linkages with death domain proteins. PFOS and PFOA prompted caspase activity on targeted neuronal cells, indicating prominent levels of apoptosis. PFOS and PFOA, moreover, reduced target neuronal cell survival in the Microculture Tetrazolium assay (MTT), with all concentrations significant. Evidence of high binding affinities with a death domain protein was also present. Based on this evidence, researchers should study more closely the health effects PFAS chemicals can instigate in the biological processes of humans.


PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the optimizing behavior of agricultural supply and marketing cooperatives in the US Midwestern states.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses firm-level data from CoBank, the primary lender to agricultural cooperatives, to evaluate optimizing behavior of 77 Midwestern agricultural marketing and supply cooperatives from 2014 through 2017. The study uses the data envelopment analysis (DEA) and the weak axioms of cost minimization and profit maximization to identify whether or not a cooperative is following a cost minimization and/or profit maximization objective.FindingsIn contrast to previous research, results provide stronger support for profit maximization as the behavioral objective of agricultural cooperatives instead of cost minimization, especially for larger cooperatives.Practical implicationsTraditional firm theory for investor-owned firms states that businesses seek to maximize profits. Agricultural cooperatives however, could aim to maximize profits so as to redistribute profits back to user-owners as patronage refunds. Or, they could minimize costs so as to lower cost of products sold and services provided to their user-owners. Given users-control the cooperative, knowing the primary objective of agricultural cooperatives will allow for better design of research and education programming.Originality/valueGiven recent changes and consolidation in the agricultural industry among farms and agricultural cooperatives, this study reexamines past work that evaluated the optimizing behavior of agricultural cooperatives. Changes in industry and the necessity to remain competitive from an agribusiness standpoint have resulted in an anticipated shift toward a profit maximizing objective. The value of this study is providing an evaluation framework, using a firm-level comprehensive dataset, that represents the cooperative system.


The present invention relates to a cup sleeve manufacturing apparatus which can easily manufacture a cup sleeve having a curling part, and comprises contents for a method for manufacturing the same as well as a configuration of an apparatus for manufacturing a cup sleeve having a curling part.


ABSTRACT Google Print does not "change everything" regarding the need for professional cataloging and classification of books; its limitations make cataloging and classification even more important to researchers. Google's keyword search mechanism, backed by the display of results in "relevance ranked" order, is expressly designed and optimized for quick information-seeking rather than scholarship. Internet keyword searching does not provide scholars with the structured menus of research options, such as those in OPAC browse displays, which they need for overview perspectives on the book literature of their topics. Keyword searching fails to map the taxonomies that alert researchers to unanticipated aspects of their subjects. It fails to retrieve literature that uses keywords other than those the researcher can specify; it misses not only synonyms and variant phrases but also all relevant works in foreign languages. Searching by keywords is not the same as searching by conceptual categories. Google software especially fails to retrieve desired keywords in contexts segregated from the appearance of the same words in irrelevant contexts. As a consequence of the design limitations of the Google search interface, researchers cannot use Google to systematically recognize relevant books whose exact terminology they cannot specify in advance. In contrast, cataloging and classification do provide the recognition mechanisms that scholarship requires for systematic literature retrieval in book collections.


A terpolymer SAG(styrene-acrylonitrile-glycidyl methacrylate) is used to evaluate the role of compatibilizers in the PC/ABS alloy in terms of the mechanical properties and phase morphology.As a consequence,SAG compatibilized PC/ABS alloy showed good properties.Thus,it was suggested that the reaction between carboxylic or epoxy groups in SAG and terminal carboxyl group in PC would be the main factor to bring the enhancement in the mechanical,thermal and morphological properties of the PC/ABS alloy.


Glucose‐regulated and heat shock proteins are two subsets of eukaryotic stress proteins that can be induced differentially, simultaneously, and reciprocally. Two new inducers, low extracellular pH and 2‐mercaptoethanol, that stimulate chicken embryo cells to synthesize glucose‐regulated proteins rapidly were found. Two classes of cellular targets for mercaptoethanol were defined operationally, one dependent on and the other independent of protein synthesis. A new inducer of heat shock proteins, high extracellular pH, was found as well. Inductions by low and high extracellular pH were inhibited by actinomycin D but were insensitive to cycloheximide. Inductions of glucose‐regulated and heat shock proteins are discussed in terms of changes in intracellular pH and sulfhydryl oxidation states.


The paper describes the clarification of the damage of houses due to the 2006 tsunami, assessing the 14 damage data of houses in the south coast of Java. Firstly the damage of houses is classified in 5 levels : washed away, collapse of roofs, columns, walls, or beams, partially collapse of walls or bending of beams, minor collapse of walls or beams, and crack in walls, slight damage of beams, or non-damage. Based on the classification of houses, we reveal the relationship between the damage and inundation depth at the sites of 14 subject houses. The possibility of occurrence of damage level A,B,C, which are relatively worse damage, is high in the range of lower inundation depth against previous research.


In the paper the influence of structural irregularities of a building on its dynamic behavior under a mining tremor was examined. A building of tserkov was taken into consideration as an example of irregular building. The geometry and the material properties of the tserkov resulted in irregularities of the stiffness of structure: the massive concrete walls were much more stiffer than the floor slab and the structural columns. It turned out that the irregularities of structural stiffness strongly influenced the dynamic behaviour of the object. The stiff concrete walls repeated the ground motion and moved like a rigid body. The dynamic response of the softer parts of structure, i.e. the floor slab and the concrete columns, reflected the natural modes of vibration connected with low frequencies rather than the ground movements. The higher frequencies occurring in the kinematic excitation were filtered out. To evaluate the influence of the roofing on the dynamic characteristics of the structure two variants of a numerical model were analysed: a model of the building with and without roofing. It occurred that in case of an irregular building with large roof area the inclusion of non-structural roofing elements is essential and may be of crucial importance while assessing the dynamic response of structure to seismic excitation. The negligence of these elements may result in unrecognizing of the resonance phenomenon.


In this paper we define and introduce the birth of harmonic functions starting from basic definitions and theorems of harmonic starlike and convex function which is very beneficial for new researchers.


This study examined the lived experiences of technology and livelihood learners while navigating in the learning process despite the calamities like COVID-19 pandemic and typhoon Odette.  Data were gathered from in-depth interview with participants, focus group discussions, and key informant interview through the interview guide. Transcripts were analyzed using Colaizzi's method, wherein meanings are formulated through sorted codes, categories, and themes.  Findings revealed three emerging themes on participants' difficult and challenging experiences which include, uphill battles in learning, learning opportunities, and rise to the challenges.  Meanwhile, two themes were found for the underlying effects of these experiences including, role acceptance and psychosocial discomfort.  Furthermore, three themes were identified for learners' responses to the challenges in learning process, including actions towards learning, coping amidst adversities, and pillars of strength.  These experiences provided concepts to educators to improve teaching and becoming flexible in designing lessons and learning tasks guided with the learning continuity model mainly designed to teach in the midst of crises. Hence, the Department of Education may spearhead community assessment while in curriculum development to suffice the needs of the learning community and may guide division and school offices in the implementation of their localized and contextualized learning continuity plans.


In this study, we focused on cytotoxic assay of the 10 Thai rejuvenating herbal plants including Suregada multiflorum, Fagraea fragrans, Phyllanthus emblica, Tinospora crispa, Melia azedarach, Anaxagorea luzonensis, Streblus asper, Butea superba, Dracaena conferta, Leucaena leucocephala, against lung cancer cells (CHAGO). The plant ethanolic crude extracts were incubated with the tested cells prior to MTT assay for 3 days. The results revealed that the cell survival rates were decreased significantly following the treatment with 9 plant ethanolic crude extracts that exhibited the IC50 within 10-1,000 g/ML, including S. multiflorum, F. fragrans, P. emblica, T. crispa, M. azedarach, A. luzonensis, S. asper, B. superba, D. conferta which D. conferta is the most potent antiproliferation against the tested lung cancer cells (IC50 = 160.09). Thus this study confirms the potential of certain Thai rejuvenating herbal plants in antiproliferation against lung cancer cells.


Atomistic simulations are reported of a model of CO2 in water. CO2 is modelled by partial charges and Lennard-Jones interaction sites on each atom; the SPC/E model for water is used. Good agreement with experiment is found for the translational diffusion constants. The variation of the dynamics with the potential parameter was investigated. As expected, the orientational correlation times increase as the magnitude of the quadrupole moment is increased, but the translational diffusion constants are found to be surprisingly insensitive to the magnitude of the CO2 quadrupole moment. The translational friction coefficient was resolved into electrostatic, Lennard-Jones and cross-terms; the Lennard-Jones contribution is found to be the largest. Varying the Lennard-Jones size parameter affects both translational and reorientational motion. In order to try to understand these results further, the variation of solvation free energy was investigated and the solvent structure around carbon dioxide was examined as th...


For long-standing readers of the Project Management Institute's PMnetwork magazine, the name Harvey Levine will be synonymous with scheduling software guru. No doubt this will be because of the many articles he wrote in his Software Forum column, as a Contributing Editor, about commercial scheduling programs, and their various attributes and incarnations. Of course he has written a lot of other material as well but you would conclude that scheduling is his forte. In fact, he has done much more for the Institute, having been a member of the PMI board of directors, president of the Institute, and then chairman of the Board of Directors back in the 1980s. Indeed, he was honored for his efforts, including significant contributions to the Institute's Body of Knowledge by being voted a Fellow in 1998.


Between February 18, 1995, and July 1, 1996, 38 cysts derived from New Zealand cattle were subjected to a diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PcR) designed to identify genomic Taenia saginata DNA. No Tsaginata


It is commonly understood that, to cast light into a state with sub-Poissonian statistics, a strong optical nonlinearity is needed. The most common examples are resonance fluorescence of a two-level system, or a Kerr medium where the Kerr energy per photon U is much larger than the optical linewidth κ. In both cases, a single-photon nonlinearity is realized, whereby the presence of a single photon strongly modifies the optical response to a second incoming photon. Recently however it was shown that sub-Poissonian light can arise in presence of arbitrarily weak optical nonlinearity [1]. The general mechanism is radically different from the conventional photon blockade, in which the probability of having n>1 photons is uniformly suppressed. In the unconventional photon blockade (UPB), the interplay of optical phase and nonlinearity can selectively suppress the probability of having n=2 photons, so that sub-Poissonian statistics arises for a weakly displaced optical field (roughly corresponding to less than one photon on average) for which the probability of n>2 photons is originally very small. A very insightful alternative explanation of UPB [2] shows that sub-Poissonian statistics arises from optimizing the squeezing parameter of a squeezed-displaced field, for a given value of the displacement. UPB was theoretically studied for many configurations of optical resonators and mechanisms for optical nonlinearity. Recent experiments [3, 4], though not achieving a sub-Poissonian regime, suggest that the phase mechanism underlying UPB can determine to a large extent the photon statistics.


The chapter provides an overview of the as yet under- utilised tool of photo-elicitation interviewing. It examines the development of this method and its value to HRD research. A case of non-formal and expansive workplace
learning of public sector professionals is offered to illustrate the application of this approach in HRD-research practice.


Abstract How do credit rating agencies (CRAs) judge welfare policies in advanced market economies (AMEs)? Scholars worry that market pressures constrain AMEs' ability to retain their welfare arrangements, but the role of ratings in generating such pressures remains unstudied, despite their well-known influence on governments' funding costs. CRAs' communications indicate that CRAs assign lower ratings to countries with large spending commitments that are difficult to promptly change in response to adverse economic shocks, as insurance against drastic negative corrections ('rating failures'). Therefore, we hypothesize that famously inflexible entitlement programs trigger rating penalties, but welfare spending that is easier to adjust does not. Our panel analysis of ratings from Standard&Poor's, Moody's and Fitch awarded to 23 AMEs between 1995 and 2014 demonstrates that entitlement spending systematically incurs lower ratings, but discretionary spending on public employment and social services does not. In contrast, bond-spreads are not affected by entitlement spending, once the effect of ratings is controlled for. We conclude that CRAs' desire to avoid 'rating failures' is an important factor in generating negative market reactions against entitlements.


This paper introduced the semi-continuous Hidden Markov Model (HMM) and proposed a novel Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) model for dynamic speech emotion recognition. The former reduces the training complexity caused by mixture Gaussians by sharing the Condition Probability Densities (CPDs) of Gaussians among the states, and the latter adds a sub-state layer between state and observation layer based on traditional DBN framework and describes the dynamic process of speech emotion in detail. Experiments results show that average emotion recognition rate of semi-continuous HMM is 4% and 10% higher than those of classical HMM and Mixture Gaussian HMM respectively, and average emotion recognition rate of the three-layer DBN model is 11% and 8% higher than those of traditional DBN model and semi-continuous HMM.


The exhaustive variable-block-size mode decision can efficiently remove the redundancies among the multiview videos, while it also leads to significant increase of computational complexity in the multiview video coding (MVC) encoder, and the high encoding complexity becomes a bottleneck for the MVC encoder to achieve real-time multimedia applications. To address this bottleneck, many fast mode decision methods have been proposed. However, most of them are only suitable for optimising the encoding complexity of the odd views of the MVC encoder. In this study, based on the property of the all-zero block and rate distortion (RD) cost of the DIRECT mode as well as the correlations between the current macroblock (MB) and its spatial–temporal nearby MBs, an early DIRECT mode decision method is proposed for reducing the encoding complexity of the MVC. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves 48.25 and 55.64% on average encoding time saving for the even and odd views, respectively, whereas the RD performance degradation is quite acceptable. In summary, the proposed method efficiently reduces the encoding complexity for the MVC encoder.


Provided is an inorganic coating composition having humidity-controlling property, which is easily applied onto a surface requiring adaptability to humidity, has excellent humidity-controlling property, deodorizing activity, flame resistance, adhesion maintenance and antibacterial property, and causes no surface cracking. The inorganic coating composition having humidity-controlling property comprises: 100 parts by weight of a humidity-controlling agent, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of silica gel, zeolite and calcium silicate and has an average particle size of 150-700 micrometers; 10-45 parts by weight of at least one resin binder selected from ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, styrene-acrylate copolymers and polyvinyl alcohol; 70-200 parts by weight of at least one inorganic binder selected from lime and calcium silicate; and 100-200 parts by weight of water.


An array of experimental and computational methods has been implement to elucidate the mechanisms of light producing chemical reactions that are important in nature and the laboratory.


With reviewing the research achievements on rewarding rate of individual investment in education in China, we conclude the determining pattern of the investment on individual inclination to education and prove the existence of maximum on it with mathematics pattern and " optical contrall". By the analysis, we conclude that standing and rewarding rate is the important factors, which decide the individual inclination to invest in education field. When the salary system lays particular emphasis on standing and the individual rewarding rate is low, the individual inclination to investment in education field will reduce, but if the investment in education increases, the efficiency will increase.


Gu Yan Wu assingned a topic of study of Confucian classics meaning. Philosophy of Song Dynasty during the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, Which initiated a new textual research custom. In Qian-Jia′s times, textual research attained its great prosperity and increasingly got out of social reality. To attempt to retrieve Hui-Dai custom, Zhang Xue Cheng, famous thinker and historian, put a theory of Six Confucian classics being history to counter this academic general mood, emphasizing learning shouldn't get out of human affairs and opposing textual research for textual research′s sake.


Phagocytosis is a complex multi-gene trait of eukaryotes and allegedly one of the very defining features of this group. Although well documented for free-living unicellular eukaryotes and in specific cellular types of animals, data on phagocytosis in intracellular biotrophic parasites are scant. Indeed, the definition of intracellular biotrophy as complete reliance of a parasite on a living host, with which it constantly negotiates for the exchange of nutrients, is at odd with the consumption of particulate matter suggested by phagocytosis. Phytomyxea are intracellular biotrophic parasites infecting a broad group of hosts, ranging from plants to stramenopiles. They belong to the clade Rhizaria, where phagotrophy (i.e., phagocytosis as main mode to acquire nutrients) is the main mode of nutrition. The exact mode of nutrition of the biotrophic phytomyxea, including the agriculturally impactful phytomyxid Plasmodiophora brassicae, is still unresolved; despite investigations and the availability of molecular data. For other Phytomyxea, observations are patchy and molecular data altogether lacking. Here, using available genomic and transcriptomic data for Phytomyxea and the de novo sequenced transcriptome of the brown algae parasite Maullinia ectocarpii, we investigate the likelihood that the genetic machinery underpinning phagotrophy is conserved within the clade. We further document intracellular phagocytosis in P. brassicae and M. ectocarpii by transmission electron microscopy and fluorescent in situ hybridization. Our investigations confirm that molecular signatures underpinning phagocytosis exist in Phytomyxea and hint at a smaller subset of genes used for intracellular phagocytosis, which is similar between the two parasites. Microscopic evidence confirms the existence of intracellular phagocytosis, which seems to coexist with the manipulation of host physiology typical of biotrophic interactions. In both phytomyxid parasites investigated intracellular phagocytosis has adapted to the intracellular environment and seemingly targets specific organelles. Our findings shed light on the feeding behaviour of Phytomyxea, providing new molecular data for the class; and suggest a paramount and previously unrecognised role for phagocytosis in biotrophic interactions between host and parasite.


The objective of this study was to compare the ruminal degradability of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) and indigestible NDF (INDF) between silages (n = 24) that originated from three different temperate grass species, i.e. Dactylis glomerata L., Festuca arundinacea L. and hybrid, Felina – Lolium multiflorum L. × Festuca arundinacea S. The data is used to create prediction equations for the effective degradability of NDF (ED NDF ), assuming ruminal solid outflow rates of 0.02 (low), 0.05 (medium) and 0.08/h (high), and INDF. The highest values for the potentially degradable fraction of NDF (b), ED NDF2 , ED NDF5 and ED NDF8 (874, 560, 366 and 272 g/kg NDF, respectively) and the lowest for INDF (73.1 g/kg DM) were found for F. arundinacea . These parameters were significantly different from the hybrid Felina, which presented the lowest rate of NDF degradation (c), ED NDF5 and ED NDF8 (0.033/h, 341 and 250 g/kg NDF, respectively). The highest for c (0.038/h) and INDF (86.9 g/kg DM) and the lowest for b (847 g/kg NDF) were detected for D. glomerata. The combination of acid detergent fibre (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) (R 2 = 0.844) were identified by a backward, stepwise, multiple regression analysis as the most accurate to predict INDF. Crude protein, ADF and NDF were found as the most suitable combination for predicting ED NDF2 (R 2 = 0.715), ED NDF5 (R 2 = 0.669) and ED NDF8 (R 2 = 0.648). Calculated equations found practical application in laboratory analyses to evaluate the nutritional quality of feeds for ruminants. Keywords: Grass silage, neutral detergent fibre, rumen degradation, prediction equations


By retracing the flow of the literature of the blue pavilions through the 'journey' that fictional courtesans have been made to travel, starting with the Tang dynasty, all the way across late imperial stories up to the turn of the twentieth century, we have mapped the changes that take place during the late Qing period in the representations of the courtesan and her patrons and, thus, gained insights into the ways in which the depictions of prostitution found in these texts circulated and challenged perceptions regarding gender, sexuality and love. Nostalgia appears to be the culprit, in the sense that it figures as the main link between pre-modern and contemporary discourses. It is in this sense that nostalgia, as a utopian and often dystopian reading of the past, proves very useful to study the sexual politics of contemporary representations of prostitution in China.Keywords: China; nostalgia; prostitution; Qing period


The Néel temperatures (TN) of synthetic goethites (α‐FeOOH), substituted with diamagnetic elements (Al, Ga) have been determined from the temperature dependence of their low‐field susceptibility using a Kappabrige AC bridge. These temperatures proved to be identical to those derived from more conventional measurements of high‐field or remanent magnetization versus temperature, and in good agreement with those inferred from Mössbauer models. The low‐field susceptibility based‐technique appears to offer a precise and rapid method of determining TN. While Néel temperature coincides with maximum unblocking temperature in Gagoethite s, supporting the assumption that antiferromagnetism and parasitic ferromagnetism have a similar origin in goethite, the lack of clear correlation between saturation remanent magnetization and increasing diamagnetic substitution suggests that the weak ferromagnetism of goethite is due to substitution independent defects induced during crystal growth.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide liposome which can be utilized as an eye drop with which a medicine arrives at a posterior eye segment even in outer ocular area administration, and to provide a liposome-containing pharmaceutical composition in which the liposome can securely seal a medicine, and which can maintain the medicine for a long time and is high in stability.SOLUTION: The liposome for arriving at a posterior eye segment contains (A) phospholipid and (B) a membrane reinforcing substance as constituents, and is sealed with (C) a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug as a medicine, in which the average grain size is ≤1 μm, or the liposome is coated with (E) a polymer. Since the liposome has high stability, can securely seal a medicine and further can maintain the medicine for a long time, the transitivity of the medicine in a posterior eye segment can be improved even in outer ocular area administration.


This study aimed to evaluate the color and sensorial characteristics of a cake made with different amounts of flour made with peach palm peel flour. The flour was added at different concentrations, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10% (w/w), including a control (tartrazine). Physiochemical analyses were carried out on the cakes, including total carotenoids, CIE-L*a*b* color coordinates, and sensorial attributes. The results demonstrated that the peach palm peel flour substitution increased the total carotenoid content of the cakes. The color test showed that high levels of peach palm peel flour resulted in a decrease in the values of lightness (L*) and hue angle (h°), while the values of browning index (BI) and color change (ΔE*) increased significantly. The qualification of the sensorial evaluation indicated that the quality attributes were acceptable in the cakes made with wheat flour and 7.5% peach palm peel flour. Therefore, it was concluded that flour obtained from peach palm peel is a by-product that can be used as a natural food dye alternative in bread products.


PURPOSE: A reciprocating motor and a reciprocation compressor with the same are provided to reduce manufacturing cost of the compressor by shortening length of a magnet. CONSTITUTION: A stator(100) has a coil wound in an outer core or an inner core. A mover(200) has a magnet(220) and reciprocates by the magnetic field of the stator. The stator has the inner core and outer core which care connected in one side direction. The magnet reciprocates with the outer and inner core based on the core and has an air gap.


Lines of C60 films with widths between 3 and 5 μm and heights of 0.4–0.8 μm have been patterned on a Si(100) substrate using photoresist and liftoff techniques. Smooth 50 A root mean square roughness films were detected by atomic force microscopy. Auger depth profiling showed no impurities in the film. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the film was composed of C60. An estimate of the C60 sticking probability onto a growing C60 film is ∼0.2.


The present thesis made a new interpretation of the meaning of "being conventionalized" and put forward Xun Zi's linguistic idea of the iconicity of name and entity,expounding on the two aspects from Xun Zi's ideological system and the academic study atmosphere of the Pre-qin dynasty.


Particle encapsulation in hydrogel membranes was performed to examine which physical factors are involved in particle distribution within membranes. This investigation focused on the examination of the physicochemical interactions between particles and crosslinked hydrogel networks for the creation of homogenously dispersed particles in a membrane. For this purpose factors such as particle charge, concentration, and membrane charge were examined to ascertain their effect on particle dispersion within the matrix.Anionic hydrogels composed of methacrylic acid (MAA), cationic hydrogels composed of N,N-dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate (DMAEM), and neutral hydrogels composed of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) were utilized to encapsulate functionalized silica particles. Particle distribution was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Near Infrared Chemical Imaging (NIR-CI). A new method was developed to evaluate the distribution of particles throughout the membranes. NIR-CI results indicated that neutral membranes with low particle concentration showed better particle distribution.


An increasingly large number of digital binary images have been used in everyday life. Handwritten signatures captured by electronic signing pads are digitally stored and are being used as the records for credit card payment by many department stores in the U.S. and for parcel delivery by major courier services such as the United Parcel Service (UPS). Word processing software like Microsoft Word allows a user to store his/her signature in a binary image file for inclusion at specified locations of a document. The documents signed in such a way can be sent directly to a fax machine or be distributed across a network. The unauthorized use of a signature, such as copying it onto an unauthorized payment, is becoming a big concern. In addition, a variety of important documents, such as social security records, insurance information, and financial documents, have also been digitized and stored. Because it is easy to copy and edit digital images via software tools, the annotation and authentication of binary images as well as the detection of tampering are very important. This chapter discusses data hiding techniques for these purposes as an alternative to or in conjunction with the cryptographic authentication approach. While we expect the 83 CHAPTER 5. DATA HIDING IN BINARY IMAGES 84 embedded data to have some robustness against minor distortion and preferably to withstand printing and scanning, the robustness of embedded data against intentional removal or other obliteration is not a primary concern because there is little incentive to do so in the targeted applications of annotation and authentication. Most prior works on image data hiding are for color or grayscale images in which the pixels may take on a wide range of values. For those images, changing pixel values by a small amount is generally unnoticeable under normal viewing conditions. This property of human visual system plays a key role in watermarking of perceptual media data [44, 46]. For images in which the pixels take on only a limited number of values, hiding data without causing visible artifacts becomes more difficult. In particular, flipping white or black pixels that are not on the boundary is likely to introduce visible artifacts in binary images. Before we present our solutions to the challenging issues of hiding data in binary images, we shall give a brief review of the prior art. Several methods for hiding data in specific types of binary images have …


Background: Melasma is a common disorder of acquired hyperpigmentation affecting millions of people worldwide, predominantly women. Despite the incidence, there are numerous hyperpigmentary conditions which may clinically resemble melasma. The differential diagnosis of melasma is therefore wide and may prove to be a diagnostic challenge for clinicians. This can delay the appropriate treatment, adversely impacting sufferers. Our review aims to provide clinicians with an understanding of and a comprehensive approach to assessing, diagnosing and treating melasma and other disorders of hyperpigmentation.


We point out that there is no contradiction between the results of quantum mechanics and consequences of general relativity. 1 What is all the fuzz about? Recently, claims that a final Bell experiment has been performed excluding local realism (except for superdeterminism) are put into perspective. Years ago, I concluded that the only thing Bell's theorem [1] [2] is telling us is that the notion of locality of Bell can not be maintained for the microscopic world. While it works perfectly well for macroscopic objects (since they are not entangled in a way we would notice), something else seems to be going on for elementary particles. Nowadays, many people seem to think that at short distance scales our notions of spacetime must break down either because of the infinities arising in quantum field theory or for reasons inherently present in general relativity (that probing spacetime at such distances would cause the formation of microscopic black holes). Often, the point of view of a spacetime foam has been put forward. Now, the psychology of these authors is surprising, since most of them would refute the possibility of local realism. There are more conventional ways to be considered; that is, suppose that two entangled particles are connected by an Einstein Rosen bridge (better known as a wormhole) then it is possible for them to communicate at effective spacelike separated locations without exceeding the local velocity of light! Now, the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics does not require the wormhole to be destroyed after both particles were measured, it only tells that both individual particles are put into a definite state (and that both particles together do not form a state of zero spin anymore) which is good since otherwise we would need a new dynamics for spacetime given that general relativity does not know how to deal with topology change. The only conclusion we must draw here is that elementary particles are not such simple objects as most people believe, they do not only carry internal "quantum" numbers but also hidden variables relating them to other particles. Effectively such theory is of course nonlocal but there is no need to look for theories with signals exceeding the local velocity of light; one only needs to recognize that for elementary particles the assumed notions of spacetime do not uphold. If one considers Einstein's thought that geometry and matter are influencing ∗email: firstname.lastname@example.com


The formation of machine foundations using a compound system of construction is an interesting alternative to purely steel or concrete foundations. In the compound system, the steel sub-structure is statically compounded with the reinforced concrete pressure plate. This system of construction offers economic advantages over concrete foundations. Simple construction and installation are especially favourable. The dynamic behaviour of this method of construction has been tested in several foundations. This paper reports the results.


This report updates a study that was undertaken to identify causes of limber pine decline and mortality in central Montana (Taylor and Sturdevant 1998). Taylor and Sturdevant determined that 85% of the mortality along permanent transects in the Lewis and Clark National Forest from 1995 through 1998 was associated with defoliation from the needle pathogen Dothistroma septospora (Doroguine) Morelet. Although 41% of the study trees were reportedly infected with the white pine blister rust pathogen Cronartium ribicola Fisch, Taylor and Sturdevant believed rust-caused mortality was low, accounting for only 12% of the total mortality. The remaining mortality, approximately 3%, was attributed to suppression.


The present invention relates to a dispersion containing a dispersed phase comprising drops and a continuous phase, in which: - the dispersed phase and the continuous phase are immiscible with each other at room temperature and atmospheric pressure; - the drops having a diameter greater than or equal to 100 μm represent a volume greater than or equal to 60% of the total volume of the dispersed phase and / or at least 60% of the drops have a diameter greater than or equal to 100 μm; and the continuous phase comprises reflective particles.


Abstract During recent years, the interest in metallocene-catalysed polyethylenes has been steadily increasing. These polymers are generally characterised by a narrow molecular weight distribution and a uniform comonomer distribution. In extrusion coating, the interest in these polymers is mainly related to the enhanced physical performance of the resulting film. However, from the processing point of view, the metallocene-catalysed polyethylenes can present problems. In this study, a number of metallocene-catalysed linear low-density polyethylenes (m-LLDPE) were characterised with regard to their viscous and elastic properties. Conventional grades of LDPE and LLDPE were included as references. The same grades were used in pilot scale extrusion coating experiments. The processability of the polymers was primarily expressed in terms of neck-in (NI), which describes the lateral reduction of the film width as the film is drawn down into the coating nip, and the draw-down ability (DD), which provides a measure of the ability of a thin film to be drawn into the nip at a high machine speed. A lower NI-value, which is desirable, was noted when the polymer melt exhibited a higher elasticity, expressed in terms of the steady state compliance, the extrudate swell and Trouton's ratio. Factors that had a positive effect on the NI-value tended in general to reduce the draw-down ability. A relation between NI and DD was established, which in principle makes it possible to optimise both NI and DD, based on finding the optimal values of the shear and the elongational viscosities. The results obtained indicate that a low shear viscosity and a high Trouton's ratio provide optimal processability with regard to NI and DD. It was noted that m-LLDPE-grades could be chosen to match the processability of more conventional polymers (expressed in terms of NI and DD). Rheology can be an important tool for such a selection.


The transcorrelated method is applied to the calculation of the energy and wavefunction of the ground-state of the free-electron gas. It is shown that the results obtained are identical to those obtained by Gaskell (see Proc. Phys. Soc., vol.77, p.1182 (1961)), using the standard variational method when approximations similar to those employed by Gaskell are made.


The connection between upbringing and person's fate is discussed in this article. Fate is interpreted as anthropological characteristic of person's existence. The author defines fate as an educational paradigm and as possible aim and the result of pedagogical activity. Thera are four models of person's upbringing (biological, personal, social, spirit-religious) which depend on defining determine factors of fate.