Scania's product strategy is based on customer needs. The fact that the products are used in a wide range of applications in more than 100 different countries around the world means there is a need for a broad portfolio of products, well adapted to the specific uses of all individual customers - of trucks and buses, as well as of industrial and marine engines. Scania's vehicles are continuously developed and improved, instead of introducing major improvements or new features at intervals of several years. The main advantages of this are twofold. First, it gives more opportunities to respond to demands from our customers and market new product features. Secondly, it allows more efficient use of research and development resources. The aim is that every new truck, bus and industrial and marine engine leaving the assembly line shall be better than the previous one. To make this possible research and product development work at Scania is guided by Scania's core values as well as the principles of the R and D factory. The principles are; normal situation - standardised working method; right from me; demand-driven output; continuous improvement; modularisation; CEPPSS; crossfunctional and parallel work; visualisation as well as knowledge and resource balancing (A). Only abstract (as above) is available from the conference proceedings. For the covering abstract of the conference see ITRD E212333.


Network Intrusion leaks the personal information of network users on a large scale, causing serious security risks. It is of great significance to the Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to find abnormal traffic from a huge database in time. Traditional machine learning methods to detect abnormal network traffic usually need to manually extract features from the dataset, which is time-consuming and has low accuracy. This paper proposes a deep learning-based abnormal traffic detection method based on an Improved One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks (ICNN-1D) to detect abnormal network traffic, which greatly improves the extraction accuracy of abnormal traffic features and improves the identification of attack traffic. CNN applies multiple filters (convolution kernels) to the raw pixel data of an image to extract and learn higher-level features. After multiple convolutions, the characteristic graph with the same number of categories as the number of samples is obtained. The experimental results on the dataset CIC-IDS2017 show that the accuracy of the hybrid algorithm is 99.8%. Compared with other learning algorithms, the accuracy of our method greatly improves, and the operation time has been reduced.


To improve search ability and optimization efficiency and avoid premature convergence for artificial fish school algorithm(AFSA),a novel quantum AFSA for continuous space optimization was proposed.Artificial fishes were encoded by the phase of quantum bit,evolved by quantum rotation gates,and mutated by quantum Pauli—Z gate.The simulation results showed that the approach is superior to either common AFSA or simple genetic algorithm in both search capability and optimization efficiency.


The paper analyzes the professional quality in the light of professional ethics,professional awareness,professional habits and professional abilities and delves into the countermeasures for newly established colleges and universities to construct the interface platform for the switch from student role to professional role,based on the present situation of professional quality among the college students and its causes.


It is now 20 years since a Joint Working Party of the Institute and Faculty, comprising Messrs Spratling, Bacon and Bromfield, presented a paper ( J.I.A. 83, Part III) on the results of its investigation into the actuarial and other problems arising in connexion with the transferability of pension rights. That paper and the discussions on it at the Faculty and Institute were concerned mainly with the general principle involved in maintaining or 'preserving' the rights of individual members of occupational pension schemes who changed employment. This could be achieved either: (i) through the scheme of the employer the member was leaving by providing what they called 'cold storage benefits' (and which we refer to in this paper as preserved benefits) or (ii) through the scheme of the employer which he was joining by means of a transfer value payment to that scheme from the former scheme.


The concept of Isogeometric Analysis recently introduced by Hughes et al. [2005] is herein applied to the study of structural vibrations. In this framework, the favourable behaviour of the method is verified and compared with some classical finite element results. Numerical experiments are shown for structural one-, two- and three-dimensional problems in order to test the performance of this promising technique in the field of the analysis of natural frequencies and modes.


Quality of Service (QoS) refers to the possibility of networks to offer different services. Because nowadays we have an evolution of wireless customer's requests, it is needed to pay attention to QoS in WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) standards. Thus, in this paper, we have analyzed the QoS of WLAN standards 802.11g and 802.11n, since they are most commonly standards used today. In order to evaluate the QoS, we need to consider some parameters that affect directly QoS. In this paper, we have considered data dropped because of buffer overflow, media access delays, retransmission attempts as well as traffic received by end station. The quality of these standards is measured setting up 4 different scenarios under the same OPNET (Riverbed) project. Through these scenarios we came up to the right conclusions about the performance of these standards for different traffic load conditions.


Some new complexes of Cr 111, Co 11, Ni 11, Cu 11 and Cd 11 have been synthesized with a tetradentate Schiff base, glyoxilidenc-bis-2-aminoethylpyridine. An octahedral geometry has been proposed for the Cr 111 and Ni 11 complexes and tetrahedral geometry for the rest of the compounds. report the synthesis and charac terization of some complexes of Crlfl, Co 11, Ni 11, Cu" and Cd 11 with a new tetradentate Schiff base of the type (NNNN), obtained through the reaction between glyoxal and 2-aminoethylpyridine, in molar ratio I: 2, glyoxilidene bis-2-aminoethylpyridine (GAEPy).


Bacterial meningitis should always be suspected in a patient with headache, high fever and neck stiffness. The symptoms may also include decreased level of consciousness.


The effects of Aporrectodea caliginosa earthworms on both carbon dioxide (CO2) accumulation in and emissions from soil, as well as the simultaneous impact of earthworms on soil microbiological properties were investigated in a microcosm experiment carried out over 5.5 months. Concentration of CO2 in soil air was greater at a depth of 15 cm when compared with a depth of 5 cm, but varied during the season both in control and earthworm-inhabited chambers. Peaks of CO2 concentrations at both depths occurred in both treatments during August, approximately 80 days after the experiment started. Generally, the presence of earthworms increased the CO2 concentration at 15-cm depth. Larger CO2 emissions were consistently recorded in conjunction with higher amounts of CO2 in soil air when chambers were inhabited by earthworms. The total CO2 emissions during the experimental period covering 161 days were estimated at 118 g CO2-C m−2 and 99 g CO2-C m−2 from chambers with and without earthworms respectively. Moreover, the presence of earthworms increased microbial biomass in the centre and at the bottom of chambers, and enhanced both dehydrogenase activity and nitrifying enzyme activity in the soils. We suggest that the effect of earthworms on both the enhanced soil accumulation of CO2 as well as emissions of CO2 was mostly indirect, due to the impacts of earthworms on soil microbial community.


A study is reported of the influence of a sodium laurylsulphate treatment, at different pH values, on the properties of wools bleached with hydrogen peroxide in an acidic medium with Prestogen W used as stabilizer. It is shown that the pretreatment at different pH values gives whiter wools but a lower content of cysteic acid and greater alkali-solubility than untreated wool under the same conditions. Bleaching wool m a hydrogen peroxide bath containing sodium laurylsulphate in an acidic medium and using Prestogen W gives rather similar variations, although these are more perceptible than those derived from the application of a pretreatment with sodium laurylsulphate and a post-bleaching treatment.


An automatic alignment technique was developed for the joule balance to reduce the uncertainty caused by alignment errors. Using the flexures and decoupling structure of the suspended coil, the proposed alignment system can automatically recognize the linear relationship between the initial position and posture of the suspended coil when the current is off, and its parasitic horizontal linear and angular displacements when the current is on. Subsequently, several actuators including mini-motors and an X–Y stage are controlled to adjust the position and posture of the coil, minimizing the parasitic forces and torques and reducing them by approximately 100 times in comparison with the alignment results of the joule balance obtained in 2019, whilst maintaining the adjustment time to several minutes only.


The first phonograph recordings of Slovak folk songs were carried out by the ethnographer Karol Anton Medvecký (1875–1937) in 1901 in the village of Detva in Central Slovakia. After this first phonograph session, he recorded songs in the German enclave in Central Slovakia, in the village of Veľké Pole (Hochwies). Today, the technical reconstruction of these recordings is unrealistic due to their physical and biological degradation. Nevertheless, with the help of contemporaneous sources, we managed to reconstruct the time of origin of the recordings, their number, and contents. Medvecký carried out the sound recordings in Veľké Pole with a phonograph in 1902–1903. They consisted of 17 songs in German and Slovak, rendered by a German female inhabitant of this village. Although physical documents only survived in a form of two cylinders, the reconstruction of the song repertoire led to the presumption that there were more, minimum three to four cylinders. The musical analysis of the published transcriptions from 1904 revealed that the songs in German conserved the earlier styles of Slovak folk singing.


A longitudinal, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in 89 patients with soft tissue sarcomas, attended in "Conrado Benitez Garcia" Provincial Teaching Oncology Hospital of Santiago de Cuba, from January 2000 to December 2011, after being referred primarily from other care centers (where they were diagnosed with and operated), to be assessed and treated by a multidisciplinary team, with the purpose of characterizing them and thus applying different diagnostic and therapeutic modalities in them. A higher frequency of the disease at younger ages, of fibrosarcoma and fibrous histiocytoma as tissular varieties, and location in the lower limbs was found in the case material. It was stressed that early diagnosis is crucial, as well as the treatment of choice consisting in non-mutilating resection combined with adjuvant treatment or not. Most patients were reoperated and diagnosed in stage II of the disease, worsening the prognosis and indicating the existence of incomplete procedures in the therapeutic process that conspire to harm the survival of patients.


The aim of this work is to study breaking arc phenomena in several liquid environments with light-duty application. The switching tests by using an inductive circuit (load inductance=20 mH, load current=0.5/spl sim/4A) were performed. The steady arc is observed in air under this test condition. The tests were carried out for silver, palladium contacts in several kinds of dielectric liquids such as distilled water, methanol and n-hexane. It was found that arc discharge types were affected by the dielectric constant of liquids as well as the load current. In liquids which have low dielectric constant (n-hexane), the steady arc occurred like in air. On the other hand, in liquids which have high dielectric constant (distilled water and methanol), the steady arc occurred in higher load current ranges, while the showering arc occurred in low load current ranges. Furthermore in this paper, the contact surface and contact resistance are described under the steady and showering arc occurrence conditions.


When second language teachers were trying to find out an appropriate teaching method,they would usually be disappointed to find that none of the existed teaching approach functioned well and could meet the demands of all the second language learners.Second language teaching consequently has changed their focuses from the language teachers to the language learners.Much more attention was given to the intelligence,learning abilities,cognitive styles and learning strategies of the language learners so that the language learners have the most to gain from the language teachers.This thesis discuss from the perspec- tives of linguistics,psychology,second language learning and human theory the theoretical basis of focus on the language learners and multimedia assisted language teaching through which the principle of focus on the language learner is best represented.


1. Preface R efractories are one of the m ost importa n t materials in iron and steel making industry. ew iron and steel making processing required developments of refractories. Improvem ents of properties and using of new refrac tory materials have been made from needs of iron and steel making. Amount o f refractories production in Japan is shown in Fig. I as well as production of crude steel and cem ent.1 ) Distribution of refrac tories for industries of shipments a re also given in R e f. 4). About 70 % of production are used in iron and stee l making industry in Japa n . R efrac tory consumption per ton of crudc steel production shows a downward tendency year a fter year as shown in Table 1.1) During twenty years it was down to onc sixth or less than 20 kg refractory materials per one ton stee l. Grades and chemical compositions of refi·actories have been varied every year as shown in Tables 3 and 4.1) The progress of the techniques in iron and stee l making is due to the improvem ent in quality and effective application of proper grade of refractories. Recentl y stee l production effi ciency has exceedingly increased by converting from the open hearth furnace process to the LD converter process. Furthermore, the productivity and quality in the iron a nd stee l industry has been improved with stri ct requirement for the qua lity of refractori es. Fot" LD converter process, or the mos t important steel making process in Japan, the amount of production of dolomite re frac tory, cos t of refractory, number o f heats, ratio fo r stee l ma king/production , etc. are shown in Fig. 2. 2)


....................................................................................................................................................... 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................................ 7 LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................................. 10 LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................................................. 11 LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ..................................................................................................... 12 CHAPTER 1: SCOPE OF THE RESEARCH ...................................................................................................... 13 1.


In this article, the authors report on a study of 59 undergraduate students who completed a survey assessing aspects of openness to experience, race and cultural understanding, and critical thinking before and after they studied abroad for 3 months. Results showed an increase in students' knowledge of and ability to comprehend new cultures, particularly among those who initially indicated a low openness to experience. However, there was a decrease in critical thinking skills in students who reported high levels of openness, a finding that was contrary to our prediction and recent research. Possible explanations are discussed regarding the seeming lack of study abroad benefits among students who reported high levels of openness to experience.


Plagiarism is an important issue for academic institutions to deal with in Canada and other parts of the world, and this issue is becoming more serious because of the increasing number of international students and easy access to online resources. This paper reports a study conducted in a mid-sized university in Canada with the intention to have an in-depth understanding of how international graduate students perceive plagiarism, and what measures universities could employ to help students, especially international graduate students, avoid plagiarism. Research data were collected through focus group discussions and findings indicate that by providing proper information literacy education could be one of the effective solutions. Based on an extensive review of relevant literature and input of research participants, some suggestions are presented for university administrators and faculty members.


In lack of seismic provisions in the pre-Eurocode ages, most of the existing Hungarian bridges are not designed for seismic actions. Hungary can be characterized with moderate seismicity, the seismic performance of existing bridges is questionable. The most commonly used structural type is the precast multi-girder (PMG) bridge amounting to the half of the 3200 bridges of higher level roads. PMG bridges in Hungary are constructed as continuous systems with integrate joints, thus their behavior can be significantly different from those applying simple supported beams and conventional bearings. Multi-modal response spectrum analysis is used for parametric studies to understand the seismic behavior and to determine critical configurations and bridge components. A parametric fragility analysis is also carried out to calculate the probabilities of different damage occurrences. The results indicate that the superstructure-substructure joints as well as the piers are critical at longer multi-span bridges. The study provides an expected seismic risk in moderate seismic areas, and shows that without seismic design, integrated PMG bridges are highly susceptible to pier shear failure. The results also provide solid base for retrofit planning as well as for development of design concepts of newly built structures in moderate seismic zones.


The HEAO-B Imaging Proportional Counter is an X-ray imaging instrument designed for use in an orbiting observatory. It measures the spatial location and energy of individual X-ray photons by the risetime method and pulse height analysis respectively. The IPC can locate 0.1 to 4keV photons to within 1mm, and provides five bits of energy information. The IPC also includes an in-flight calibration source and a gas control system that maintains the counter gas density constant to an accuracy of 0.25%.


Attendance is the action or state of going regularly to or being present at a place or event. Attendance in an organization is important to ensure the continuous operation as it determines the strength of the organization. In most institutions the current attendance monitoring system for students is still being manually done. This method is time consuming, error prone and fosters laziness on the part of students, nonchalance attitude to classroom lectures and activities, student nepotism and deliberate lecture skipping which may prevent students from obtaining good academic performance. One reliable and efficient way to curb and totally do away with the error prone, student nepotism etc. is employing computerized fingerprint recognition attendance monitoring system which will enable management of the department ascertain the academic strength of each student in terms of student punctuality, regularity, commitment to classroom lectures and generate reliable attendance report for each student stored in a secured database. The system will also enable parents/guardian to monitor their wards as attendance report will be sent to them via email anytime the student misses a class. This paper presents an attendance system was designed using Visual Basic.Net which was used to connect the text field to database and MySQL was used for the database solution. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 9, Issue 5, May 2019 883 ISSN 2250-3153 http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.9.05.2019.p89110 www.ijsrp.org KEYWORD: DATABASE, ATTENDANCE SYSTEM, FINGERPRINT, FINGERPRINT RCOGNITION, STUDENT REGISTRATION International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 9, Issue 5, May 2019 884 ISSN 2250-3153 http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.9.05.2019.p89110 www.ijsrp.org INTRODUCTION Attendance register system is very important in the learning process and one of the main aspects that determine students' performance. Even though there is no causal relationship between students high attendance and good academic performance, but there is a positive link between them. Usually, students with good or excellent academic performance have high attendance rate (kamal 2015). The student's academic information consists of monitoring their performance and progress periodically which seems to be a huge workload on lecturers to handle and update on the progress of subjects for the respective classes (Somasundaram et.al 2016). Keeping these issues in mind a system is designed to overcome the problems associated with attendance system. Biometric systems have been widely used for the purpose of recognition (Tabassam 2009). These recognition methods refer to automatic recognition of people based on some specific physiological or behavioral features such as facial, iris/ retina, voice, DNA and fingerprint. fingerprint recognition has a very good balance of all the desirable properties. Every human being possesses fingerprints with the exception of any hand related disabilities. Fingerprints are very distinctive fingerprint details are permanent, even if they may temporarily change slightly due to cuts and bruises on the skin or weather conditions. Live-scan fingerprint sensors can easily capture high-quality images and they do not suffer from the problem of segmentation of the fingerprint from the background. The deployed fingerprint-based biometric systems offer good performance and fingerprint sensors have become quite small and affordable because fingerprints have a long history of use in forensic divisions worldwide for criminal investigations. A fingerprint is the pattern of ridges and valleys on the surface of a fingertip. The end points and crossing points of ridges are called minutiae. It is a widely accepted assumption that the minutiae pattern of each finger is unique and does not change during one's life. Ridge endings are the points where the ridge curve terminates, and bifurcations are where a ridge splits from a single path to two paths at a Y-junction.an example of a ridge ending and a bifurcation is illustrated in Figure 1. In this example, the black pixels correspond to the ridges, and the white pixels correspond to the valleys. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 9, Issue 5, May 2019 885 ISSN 2250-3153 http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.9.05.2019.p89110 www.ijsrp.org Figure 1 Example of a ridge ending and a bifurcation (Rishabh & Prashant 2011) Attendance Management System is software developed for daily student attendance in schools, colleges and institutes (Saurabh et. al 2017). An attendance management system is a combination of software and hardware system developed for daily student attendance in schools and institutions. This facilitates access to the attendance of a particular student in a particular class. This system will also help in generating reports and evaluating the attendance eligibility of a student (sogbaike et.al 2018). The students tend to sign for their friends who are not present for that day. Manually computing for the total percentage of attendance a student meet is as tedious as the attendance sheet could be irregular or even misplaced. The verification and authentication of student to determine the student eligibility for exam with the use of identity cards can be inadequate since the plastic identity cards can be forged. The use of hand held attendance management device as presented in sogbaike et.al 2018 has drawbacks such limited attendance space of 100 students (small size memory), the device has an operation time of maximum fifteen minutes caused by limited power supply (device is battery powered). All of these problems present in sogbaike et.al (2018) this paper seeks to solve. Review of related works Tabassam et.al 2009 developed an Academic Attendance Monitoring System Using Fingerprint Identification for four (4) courses and fifty (50) students. The system was developed using Digital Persona's Software Development Kit, Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 and Sql Server 2005, interfaced with a fingerprint scanner for International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 9, Issue 5, May 2019 886 ISSN 2250-3153 http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.9.05.2019.p89110 www.ijsrp.org biometric Identification. There are five algorithms implemented in this system firstly, Capture the student's fingerprint sample and create a feature set i.e a set of unique features created to match fingerprint, secondly, Retrieve the stored templates from the repository (database), thirdly, Perform a one-to-n comparison between the fingerprint feature set and the fingerprint templates stored in database, make a decision of match or nonmatch. Fourthly, if match is found retrieve student's information (Registration number, Department, Subjects) from the database. And finally obtain the scheduled lecture from the database and mark attendance if student is within the specified time i.e. within 30 minutes of the lecture's starting time. If verification is not done or there is some error in enrollment of fingerprint, system goes back to its initial state without marking the attendance. Upon testing of the system there where 50 (fifty) identifications forty nine had successful identification one was unsuccessful meaning 98% performance but the system didn't incorporate a feedback mechanism In the presence of impersonation. Kamal 2015 in a project titled development of academic attendance mangement system using bluetooth technology, designed and developed a system that manages attendance of students. The system consist of Arduino UNO, Adafruit Fingerprint Sensor , HC-05 Bluetooth Module (Master/Slave), and a laptop computer. The aforementioned components are connected together to obtain attendance from the student which is transmitted through the Bluetooth to the laptop for collation. The drawbacks of this system is that the operation time for the hand held device is not stated, the attendance size was not stated and the Bluetooth device has a communication distance of 10 meters thus exceeding 10 meters there will be no communication. Somasundaram et.al 2016 in a paper titled Mobile based Attendance Management System, deployed an attendance management system where students takes attendance by first login on to a webpage to register and then after registration attendance taking process begins. The student on the other hand uses a mobile phone with an android mobile application which enable communication between the lecturer and students via sms. A significant draw back is if the server is down attendance for the day using the system is not realizable. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 9, Issue 5, May 2019 887 ISSN 2250-3153 http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.9.05.2019.p89110 www.ijsrp.org Neha et.al 2013 in a paper titled an efficient automatic attendance system using fingerprint reconstruction technique developed an attendance management system using finger print recognition system. The attendance system consist of Fingerprint Scanner, LCD/Display Module, Computer (4)LAN connection . This attendance system consists of 100 fingerprint scanners , 100 desktop computers and a LAN infrastructure. Fingerprint scanner will be used to input fingerprint of teachers/students into the computer software. LCD display will Software will be interfacing fingerprint scanner and LCD and will be connected to the network. It will input fingerprint, will process it and extract features for matching. After matching, it will update database attendance records of the students. Ikuomola (2015) designed and developed an Educational Time and Attendance Management System (eduTAMS). The system is fingerprint-based comprehensive attendance management system for universities and colleges. It employs the use of electronic fingerprint scanner interfaced to the digital computer system for verifying student identity. The student Identity is authenticated by the finge


This course is structured into three chapters that will introduce participants to (1) ambient intelligence principles applied to home entertainment, (2) augmented reality applications, and (3) gesture interaction design. Relevant examples from research and industry will be discussed.


ABSTRACT The main aim of this paper is to illustrate the distinctive features of the Finnish school of critical theory, focusing especially on its reception of Axel Honneth's theory of recognition and his ideas regarding the concept of social pathology. In this respect, the article will provide a concise description of the philosophical work of some of its members: Onni Hirvonen, Heikki Ikäheimo, Arto Laitinen and Arvi Särkelä. The paper consists of seven parts. First, the paper will sketch a very general account of Honneth's theory of recognition and social life, and, secondly, it will describe the ways the Finnish scholars have reinterpreted Honneth's paradigm of recognition. The third part will discuss two conceptions of social pathology that Honneth has explicitly endorsed in his intellectual career: Christopher Zurn's idea of pathology as a second-order disorder, and the organicist conception of social pathology, which Honneth himself has put forward in his essay The Diseases of Society: Approaching a Nearly Impossible Concept. Part four and five will then look at how the Finnish theoreticians have discussed and criticized these two conceptions of social pathology that are central in Honneth's work. In part six, the paper will briefly introduce some of the more fundamental criticisms that scholars have aimed at Honneth and, more or less directly, at the Finnish scholars. Finally, the article will explain why the new perspectives of Laitinen, Ikäheimo, Hirvonen, and Särkelä are, in any case, consistent with Honneth's philosophical perspective.


Peg transfer is one of five tasks in the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS), program. This paper reports the development and validation of a Virtual Basic Laparoscopic Skill Trainer‐Peg Transfer (VBLaST‐PT©) simulator for automatic real‐time scoring and objective quantification of performance.


We examined the influence of burnout on life satisfaction level of employees. Data were obtained from 350 employees in different industry sectors. In order to determine the impact of burnout on life satisfaction level, regression analysis was carried. According to the results, emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment were found as the factors that explain life satisfaction. Recommendations are presented to researchers and suggestions for future research are discussed.


I have read, with great interest, a recently published article by Galal et al. titled " Stent-assisted treatment of unruptured and ruptured intracranial aneurysms: clinical and angiographic outcome " in the British Journal of Neurosurgery . 1 Th e authors retrospectively analyzed a prospective institutional database of patients with intracranial aneurysms treated using stents. Of the 43 patients (mean age 56 years, 79% female) identifi ed for analysis, 39 were treated with stent-associated coil embolization (SACE, 91%) and four were treated with stenting alone (9%). Th e aneurysms were located in the anterior circulation in 60% of cases and in the posterior circulation in 40% of cases. Th e morphologies of the aneurysms were saccular (88%), blister (9%), and fusiform (2%). Th e mean dome and neck diameters of the saccular aneurysms were 6 and 4.4 mm, respectively. Th e majority of the aneurysms in the study was unruptured (65%). Of the 15 ruptured aneurysms (35%), 9 were treated with stenting at the acute stage, 5 were stented for recurrence after initial coil embolization alone, and 1 was stented for recurrence after initial microsurgical clipping. Post-treatment diagnostic angiography was obtained in all cases at a mean follow-up period of 16 months. Th e authors stratifi ed the angiographic treatment outcomes using the Raymond-Roy classifi cation scheme of complete obliteration (class I), residual neck (class II), or residual aneurysm (class III). Immediate treatment outcomes were classes I, II, and III in 30%, 30%, and 39% of cases, respectively. Of the 28 patients with long-term angiographic follow-up (mean 20 months), the outcomes were classes I, II, and III in 57%, 25%, and 18% of cases, respectively. Th ere was one case of recanalization (4%) in an aneurysm with an immediate angiographic outcome which was class III. Th ere were a total of fi ve procedural complications (12%) of which two were symptomatic (5%). All complications were thromboembolic in nature, including intraprocedural thromboembolism, coil protrusion, stent displacement, asymptomatic delayed instent stenosis, and asymptomatic posterior cerebral artery occlusion. Both patients with symptomatic complications had unruptured aneurysms while all three patients with asymptomatic complications had ruptured aneurysms. Hwang et al. compared the outcomes of unruptured aneurysms with morphologies unfavorable for simple coil embolization which were treated with SACE to similar morphologically unfavorable aneurysms treated with balloonassisted coil embolization (BACE) or multiple microcatheter technique (MMT). 2 Th ere were no diff erences in baseline patient demographics or aneurysm characteristics between SACE and non-SACE cohorts. Angiographic follow-up at 2 years did not identify a diff erence in the rates of stable appearance, progressive occlusion, or recanalization between SACE and non-SACE cohorts ( P 0.895). Th e aforementioned study, while reporting important results, did not discuss the potential roles of microsurgical clipping or conservative management for the same lesions. Despite a myriad of aneurysm SACE case series, including some reporting a substantial number of patients, a substantial benefi t from stenting for aneurysm treatment remains unproven and the long-term hemodynamic, biological, and angiographic eff ects following SACE remain poorly understood. Furthermore, continued evolution of fl ow-diverting stents (FDS), such as the Pipeline Embolization Device (ev3, Irvine, CA, USA) and Silk stent (Balt Extrusion, Montmorency, France), may eventually supplant traditional, high porosity stents. Especially in the treatment of ruptured aneurysms, for which data supporting the superiority of endovascular over microsurgical treatment approaches continues to mount, avoiding stent deployment, when possible, is paramount to improving overall outcomes in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. While SACE has been demonstrated to have an acceptable safety profi le for the treatment of ruptured aneurysms, the hemorrhagic complications associated with the dual antiplatelet therapy necessary to prevent stent thrombosis are not negligible. Th ere has yet to be a study that demonstrates an unequivocal advantage of stenting over non-stenting techniques, such as BACE and MMT. Matched comparison of SACE with non-SACE endovascular alternatives may allow us to better evaluate the safety and effi cacy of each approach. Ultimately, prospective, randomized trials comparing angiographic and clinical outcomes amongst SACE, BACE, or MMIT, FDS, microsurgical clipping, and conservative management for morphologically challenging intracranial aneurysms are necessary to optimize the management of these challenging cerebrovascular lesions.


Convergent Squint. Case 1. This case has been selected for presentation chiefly on account of the age of the child. Convergent Strabismus is usually first observed in a child at about the age of 4-6 years, being the age when accommodation is first put to more active test, and by the mother is often referred to some acute infection just preceding, as the causative factor. Among the causes of squint may be mentioned: 1. Disturbance of relation between accommodation and convergence by errors of refraction. 2. Disparity in length, thickness, or tension of opposing muscles. 3. Size and shape of eyeball and orbit. 4. Influence of angle gamma. 5. Amblyopia of one eye. Treatment of Convergent Concomitant Squint may be briefly outlined under three headings. 1. Spectacles. 2. Orthopic training, i. e., the child must see double or be trained to see double and then taught to fuse the double images (this necessitates much time, care and detail). 3. Operative nmethods. 1. Tenotomy of the Internal Rectus, or 2. Advancement of the External Rectus, or 3. Both. I will here mention only the first. Spectacle Treatment. This should include in children, atropin mydriasis with observation and measurement of eyes while the accommodation is paralyzed and pupils large. This will mean Retinoscopy with measure also of corneal astigmatism. Generally, we find hypermetropia, and often considerable astigmatism; therefore, if either of the other methods of treatment is adopted, we may still be obliged to prescribe spectacles. Prognosis. "Glasses alone will many times suffice to cure," says De Schweinitz. Long and Barret, reporting 102 cases of convergent Strabismus which had worn glasses from six to twenty-four years, conclude that glasses cure 10% quickly and completely: 33% are cured if they continue to wear spectacles. Age to prescribe Glasses: Text books when mentioning any age usually say "give glasses to child 5-6 years old or over." De Schweinitz says "as soon as safe to wear." I think we all agree that if a child can be made to wear and look through the lenses, the effect will vary directly as the age of the patient. This little girl came to us four months ago when hardly 17 months' old. We found a convergent Strabismus of O.S. 20 degrees with some tending to 'alternation. Retinoscopy showed hypermetropia of 2.5D. with an astigmatism of 4.0.5D. axis vertical. We prescribed lenses of 4.2.0, asking the optician to take especial care in adoption of frames. The child has worn the spectacles constantly, neither frames nor lenses have been broken and now you can see that the eyes are perfectly straight. Case 2. This case is presented for three reasons, viz: 1. Its treatment. 2. Because it represents a type which goes to make up a large percentage of our clinical material. 3. Because it is of interest to other departments as these cases have often been to the Children's Clinic, Skin Clinic, and Throat Clinic. Shall we hastily review some of the chief points concerning phlyctenular ophthalmia or scrofula ophthalmia or phlyctenular conjunctivitis and keratitis. This is characterized by a circumscribed inflamma-


The quality of a software system can be difficult to judge. A system developer's pride.and joy can be a maintenance programmer's torment. In this and succeeding columns, Hugh Ryan will try to discover what makes a system a quality system, and how we can build excellence into our programs.


Saturation absorption in A(II) B(VI) semiconductors under the effect of powerful laser radiation at nitrogen and room temperatures has been investigated in a number of works, in which it shown that the dependence of the transmission coefficient T on the intensity of the incident radiation I sub 0 is determined by the concentration of the impurity, the temperature of the crystal, and the energy position of the levels in the forbidden zone. Specimens ordinarily have residual adsorption, maintained up the threshold of the material breakdown. The present paper investigates the nonlinearity of transmission in the region of helium temperatures, as the result of which it is possible to expect efficient bleaching of crystals with smaller levels of excitation in comparison with T 77/300 K. This makes it possible to conduct a more detailed comparison of experimental data with the theoretical and to clarify the reasons for incomplete bleaching of semiconductors.


We consider the optimal stopping problem for g(Z n ), where Z n , n = 1, 2 is a homogeneous Markov sequence. An algorithm, called forward improvement iteration, is presented by which an optimal stopping time can be computed. Using an iterative step, this algorithm computes a sequence B 0 ⊇ B 1 ⊇ B 2 ⊇... of subsets of the state space such that the first entrance time into the intersection F of these sets is an optimal stopping time. Various applications are given.


Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) is the causative agent of exanthem subitum1 and febrile illnesses2 in children. More recently, HHV-6 has been shown to infect the recipients of bone marrow transplants and has been implicated in interstitial pneumonitis3,4 and bone marrow suppression5 after transplantation. The pathogenicity of HHV-6, however, has yet to be fully delineated in either immunocompetent or immunocompromised hosts. In some children with exanthem subitum, seizures, encephalopathy, and the detection of HHV-6 DNA in cerebrospinal fluid have provided circumstantial evidence that HHV-6 can infect the central nervous system6,7. Nevertheless, these studies have failed to document the direct . . .


Volatile Components of baizhi angelica were extracted and analyzed by head space-solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(HS-SPME-GC-MS).A total of 35 constituents were detected,in which 33 compounds that for 93.897%(Relative content) of the total were identified.The main constituents were 1,8-cineole(16.713%),limonene(15.495%),p-cymene(7.620%) when the CAR/PDMS column was used.53 Components were detected and 45 compounds(91.360% of total) were identified,the main constituents were 1,8-cineole(12.529%),anethol(10.836%),caryophyllene(8.922%) when the DVB/CAR/PDMS column was used.


Long-time large-area haze weather appeared in Wuhan on June 11,2012. It was monitored that PM2. 5hourly concentration obviously rose,and peak value reached 658 μg /m3. OC and PM2. 5presented high correlation,and correlation coefficient was 0. 96. OC daily average concentration occupied 10%-20% in PM2. 5,and difference was big between haze and normal weather. EC occupied 5%,and difference was very small between haze and normal weather. By analyzing change trend of OC/EC,it was found that OC/EC presented increasing trend in late May and was even higher than that during 11-15 June. It was clear that biomass combustion taking straw as the representation has started in late May.But two strong precipitation on May 29 and June 6 inhibited haze weather,and specific meteorological condition caused haze on June 11. Proportion of SOC to OC reached 14%-70%,illustrating that daily difference of secondary photochemical reaction was very big in Wuhan. OC/EC values were respectively 2. 7,3. 5 and 4. 2 in May,June and haze period. SOC daily means were respectively( 5. 33 ±4. 77) and( 32. 5 ±23. 4) μg /m3in May and haze period. Major pollution source of haze weather was biomass combustion,and haze occurrence had very big relationship with special meteorological condition.


At the core of literary decadence is a conflicted relationship with modernity. For some decadent writers, the onset of rapid social and technological change could usher in possibilities for living and loving in hitherto unimagined ways, yet for others of a more conservative hue, modernization was to be rejected, tradition embraced. This essay argues that experience can be used as a framework for articulating these very different forms of decadence. The essay begins with an exploration of aesthetic modernity as an attempt to articulate the shock of the new, whereby the experience (present) or sensation becomes the ground for the erosion of collective tradition (experience past). Decadent and aestheticist writers such as Walter Pater, Arthur Symons, and Oscar Wilde embraced these new experiences, rejecting the "fruits of experience" as a ground for knowledge. In contradistinction to this valorization of sensation, I examine the "conservative" decadent aesthetic of Lionel Johnson and Michael Field. These writers' embrace of nostalgia and jingoistic nationalism, I argue, demands we expand our current critical frameworks to more fully encompass the politics of decadence.


Abstract : Bridging the Development Gap is contractual cooperative agreement between Mercury Computer Systems, Inc. and DARPA. This program was developed because a software gap exists between the workstation-based research phase of a signal processing project and the more contained prototyping phase. The transition requires a shift from a workstations rich environment into an embedded system that typically offers only basic system software. The gap reflects more than just a lack of software tools. It concerns new challenges such as: parallel decomposition, optimizing data transfer, heterogeneous processing, interfacing with I/O devices, memory constraints, as well as real-time throughput and latency challenges. Mercury has bridged the indicated software gap by delivering on this program a deployment-focused environment for algorithms created in a popular research language, MATLAB (and its companion SIMULINK). The project has had the full cooperation of The Math Works, owner of MATLAB and SIMULINK. Mercury's discussions with Prime Contractors building large, embedded systems had shown MATLAB to be nearly universal tool of choice within the research phase of these projects. Demand for a MATLAB deployment path thus clearly existed. The most significant element required to pull MATLAB and SIMULINK into parallel processing is to create a "mapping tool" and an underlying "component" run-time system.


Background and Objective: Mobile phones have become an indispensable part of our daily life. Nomophobia (NMP) is an abbreviation for "no-mobile-phone phobia," which defines apprehension faced by mobile phone users in its absence which leads them to become technically unable to communicate. Objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of NMP and its association with the demographic factors among medical students of a private medical college in Lahore.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the medical students from first to final year classes from May to November 2021. A validated NMP questionnaire was used along with questions related to the sociodemographic profile and frequency of mobile phone usage by the respondents. The self-reported questionnaire was filled out by all the students who were present on the day of data collection. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20.
Results: Out of 646 medical students, 618 filled the questionnaire. Out of 618 respondents, 51.5% had moderate and 38.2% had severe NMP. Among sociodemographic variables, females (40.8%) had a statistically significant association with NMP (p = 0.027). Usage of mobile phones per day and disturbance in the students' daily routine had a statistically significant association with the NMP (p = 0.029 and p = <0.001, respectively).
Conclusion: NMP is very common among medical students and females are more likely to experience this phenomenon. Frequent usage of mobile phones is directly related to NMP affecting the daily routine of the medical students.


Abstract. It is shown that every almost linear mapping h: A → B of a unital PoissonC ∗ -algebra A to a unital Poisson C ∗ -algebra B is a Poisson C -algebra homomorphismwhen h(2 n uy) = h(2 n u)h(y) or h(3 n uy) = h(3 n u)h(y) for all y∈ A, all unitary elementsu∈ A and n= 0,1,2,···, and that every almost linear almost multiplicative mappingh: A → B is a Poisson C ∗ -algebra homomorphism when h(2x) = 2h(x) or h(3x) = 3h(x)for all x∈ A. Here the numbers 2,3 depend on the functional equations given in thealmost linear mappings or in the almost linear almost multiplicative mappings. We provethe Cauchy–Rassias stability of Poisson C ∗ -algebra homomorphisms in unital Poisson C -algebras, and of homomorphisms in Poisson Banach modules over a unital Poisson C ∗ -algebra. 1. IntroductionA Poisson C ∗ -algebra A is a C ∗ -algebra with a C-bilinear map {·,·} : A×A →A, called a Poisson bracket, such that (A,{·,·}) is a complex Lie algebra and{ab,c} = a{b,c}+{a,c}bfor all a,b,c ∈ A. Poisson algebras have played an important role in many mathe-matical areas and have been studied to find sympletic leaves of the correspondingPoisson varieties. It is also important to find or construct a Poisson bracket in thetheory of Poisson algebra.A Poisson Banach module X over a Poisson C


A negatively thermosensitive drug-release microcapsule with hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) coat was designed and its preparation was carried out by using an air suspension coating technique (the Wurster process). The microcapsule had a core of calcium carbonate, a drug layer of carbazochrome sodium sulfonate (model drug), a subcoat of temperature-insensitive, water-insoluble ethylcellulose (EC), a thermosensitive layer of HPC having a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and an overcoat of EC. Three different grades of commercial HPC were used. No significant thermosensitivity of drug release was found in the microcapsules (MCs) without the overcoat of EC. However, MCs having the overcoat showed a negative thermosensitivity : the release rate suddenly decreased at temperatures close to the spectrophotometrically determined LCST of each dilute HPC sulution. These results demonstrated that by simply constructing an LCST polymer layer sandwiched between EC membranes, devices exhibiting negatively thermosensitive drug-release could by obtained in the form of fine microcapsules and the temperature dependence of release could be altered depending on the solution properties of the polymers used.


The economics of small-scale commercial fishing on Niue Island is appraised through estimation of a production function for catch and effort. The analysis is baaed on data from fishing trip log sheets of an alia catamaran. As expected_ effort has a significant effect on catch, although a given change in effort produces less than a proportional change in catch, assuming all other factors remain constant. From a private sector perspective, increased fishing effort may be profitable as effort seems to be underutilized on an average month of fishing on the alia catamaran. Provided that all of the fish caught are sold, increased effort may be lucrative, while the potential for profit exists, creating an alternative mechanism for the distribution of wealth throughout the island community. Social obligations for the distribution of fish may render commercial fishing uneconomic. However, given the local demand for fresh fish, it is feasible for Niuean fishers to earn a good income through fishing.


"This article will cover three issues with deep-ranging consequences for military strategic leadership. The first one concerns certain mega-trends which have global and transnational effects and recognise no borders, the second, closely knitted to these mega-trends, concerns societal development, and the third focuses on the development of military capabilities designed for the future." Artikkelista on suomenkielinen tiivistelma kirjan lopussa.


The new species Brachypelmides klaasi differs from all species of the genus Brachypelma by its tapered embolus, bipartite spermatheca and by its thin pad of plumose hairs on femur IV. It is the first representative of a new genus.


Institutionalization is seen as a developmental risk factor, which, strengths the social stigma and exclusion that institutionalized children already face. The aims of this study was to investigate how the condition of being under care permeates the experiences and relationships of institutionalized children, from their own perspective and that of the professionals of the foster institution. The participants of this study were two girls and two boys, 10 to 13 years-old, attending the same institution, its coordinator and pedagogue. Semi-structured interviews were realized with all participants and some narratives produced by children on proposed themes. Some episodes which emphasize aspects of children's relationship at school have been selected and analyzed. Children described their interactions at school as conflictive and often violent. Professionals of the foster institution related those facts to their condition of being under care, pointing to attitudes of prejudice and exclusion. Those results emphasize the discourse that positions institutionalized children as unsuccessful people, stimulating the social exclusion that they are victims. It also suggests that the school is being unsuccessful as an inclusive institution.


The output noise spectrum and the group delay of active filters are related. For any state-space realization of any transfer function without finite transmission zeros, there is a combination of noise transfer functions that is equal to the group delay. For any transfer function without transmission zeros, it is possible to generate a filter for which the output noise spectrum is an exact multiple of the group delay. This relationship allows for quick noise estimates, and gives insight into the noise behavior of filters.


There are several methods in the literature for pathological voice classification but there are very few methods which can classify pathological sub-groups. An attempt is made here to classify pathological sub-groups using matching pursuit decomposition method and is compared with PRAAT. Random forest classifier is used and frequency band of the atoms are used as feature. The result shows that we can classify adductor spasmodic dysphonia, keratosis and vocal nodules in a class of voices consisting of adductor spasmodic dysphonia, keratosis, paralysis, vocal nodules and vocal fold polyps with reasonably good classification accuracy. Both matching pursuit (MP) and PRAAT shows comparable classification scores but using MP is more advantageous over PRAAT since it doesn't rely on pitch information and extraction of pitch information in a pathological signal is a complex problem.


In the Ming and Qing Dynasties,the Joseon Dynasty practiced"paying tribute "system to China,adhering to the culture concept of Chinese benevolence and ritual. In the process of signing and performing"Santian Du Convenant",the Joseon Dynasty treated "Respecting Zhou Siming" as "an iron hand",and"restoring good relations with Qing"as "a velvet glove",circling round with"rigidity"and "flexibility",Confucian doctrine of the middle course——"Shijung"way was adopted flexibly so that the relations between the two countries achieved the "track to deny self and return to propriety,benevolence",which highlighted the core values of traditional Chinese culture.


In situ FTIR spectroscopy has been employed in this study to monitor the binding states of C6H6 and C6D6 molecules in the zeolites of beta family, for the loadings of 0.1−0.6 mmol g-1 at room temperature. Different samples of zeolite beta, varying from each other in Si/Al ratio and comprising of polymorphs B and A in different proportions, were used as adsorbent in these experiments. In all cases, the frequency of the in-plane C−C/C−H stretch vibrations of adsorbate molecules matched with the vibrational spectrum of liquid phase benzene, irrespective of the loading. The bands arising from out-of-plane bending vibrations, on the other hand, were found to undergo splitting, and the frequencies and the relative intensities depended strongly on the presence of Al3+ cations and the polymorphic composition. The loading-dependent changes in the width and the relative intensity of these two kinds of absorbance bands suggest that the benzene molecules trapped in the zeolitic channels existed in a highly condensed ...


The invention provides a data pushing system and method based on receiver state. A third-party application service platform pushes data pushing information to a pushing service platform, and the pushing service platform performs authentication on the data pushing information transmitted by the third-party application service platform; when the authentication is passed, state information of a terminal side and neighborhood busy and idle information of a network side can be obtained; the pushing service platform controls the pushing progress according to the state information of the terminal side and the neighborhood busy and idle information of the network side to transmit the pushing control information carrying the App ID to a client side, wherein the pushing control information provides the website for downloading data and specific control instructions; and the pushing client side controls the data downloading progress of the third-party application client side through interfaces. The data pushing system and method achieves pushing in idle and waiting in busy on pushing of the application and contents and improves the handling capacity of the network system.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this article is to provide a preliminary user assessment of Image-Overlay, an augmented reality system for MRI-guided needle placement, in a spine phantom.

CONCLUSION
Image-Overlay can be used to successfully target lumbar facet joints with high accuracy and minimal insertions. This is potentially useful for other interventional MRI applications. Additional clinical assessment is needed.


This paper proposes that evolutionary computation be understood more like computational evolution, i.e., to use the evolutionary process for construction , rather than for optimization. For this purpose simulation of the evolutionary process should include a non-linear developmental process from genotype to phenotype. In this developmental process the environment has an important role. In order to model the developmental process under the in-uence of the environment, a new modeling language is introduced. The focus of this language is on the interactions, which are considered to be the basic elements for environmental adaptation. The developed modeling method provides a complete simulation environment for the construction of organisms. The developed system aims to construct intelligence as adaptive behavior based on artiicial neural networks.


In the strictest sense, the only cash flow you receive from a firm when you buy publicly traded stock in it is a dividend. The simplest model for valuing equity is the dividend discount model—the value of a stock is the present value of expected dividends on it. While many analysts have turned away from the dividend discount model and view it as outmoded, much of the intuition that drives discounted cash flow valuation stems from the dividend discount model. In fact, there are companies where the dividend discount model remains a useful tool for estimating value. This chapter explores the general model as well as specific versions of it tailored for different assumptions about future growth. It also examines issues in using the dividend discount model and the results of studies that have looked at its efficacy.


This paper focuses on the development of mathematical methods for diagnosing the operability of complex structured information and control systems with arbitrary topology in real time. We describe a model based on graph analytics which allows us to analyze various options for changing the state of information flows as they pass through the system's structural modules. As a result, it is possible to calculate the failure coefficients for the structural modules of information and control systems and the connections between them. In order to detect and forecast failures, a software application has been developed using the mathematical methods proposed in this paper. Conclusions are drawn about increasing the probability of failure-free operation of the system when using the proposed methods for diagnosing and predicting failures.


The Hunt for Willie Boy. Indian-hating and Popular Culture By James A. Sandos and Larry Burgess University of Oklahoma Press, 1994 Like so many other things, the emergent field of cultural studies, born in England's red brick universities, underwent a curious depoliticization during its trip across the Atlantic. Originally a critical response to the socially anomic, Thatcherite world of "postindustrial" global capitalism, the cultural studies that reached these shores quickly assumed the hyperprecious, decadently fashionable air of a Soho nightclub. For many US intellectuals, archaeologies of popular culture simply replaced the Derridean musings of literary deconstruction and the self-indulgence of Lacanian (self-)analyses of repressed texts and countertexts. For many post-1960s academics, working in disciplines rendered moribund by shifting racial demographics and consequent decolonization of minority minds,' cultural studies offered new vistas and potentially fresh, politically unsuspect methods. First off the blocks were anthropologists and their comrades, ethnohistorians. Seizing on the new languages of cultural studies, both aimed to move their projects out of the prison house of Western traditions into the fresher air breathed by the US's racial and cultural Others.


【Objective】 Effects of perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA) on soil respiration and microbial were studied in order to indicate its eco-toxicity.【Method】 Cinnamonl,sandy,lou soil,red soil from different regions were sampled,to study soil respiration and microorganisms amount(bacteria,fungi,actinomyces,bacillus) after adding 0,50,100,150,200,300,400 mg/kg PFOA by indoor simulating experience.【Result】 PFOA could inhibit soil respiration.However,as the concentration of PFOA increased,there were no regular changes.PFOA in high concentration could inhibit the population of bacteria and actinomyces,and PFOA had no significant influence on the population of bacillus and fungi.Except red soil,the relationship between PFOA concentrations and actinomyces amounts reached significant or remarkably significant negative correlation.【Conclusion】 The population of actinomyces could be used as an index of soil PFOA pollution.The critical PFOA concentrations were 34 mg/kg for slightly polluted soil and 171 mg/kg for moderately polluted.


The paper is a contribution to the ongoing debate on the appropriate mechanism for good governance particularly in the developing countries like India with the involvement of Information Technology in the system of the government and for the betterment of the society. It focuses on the practices and solution for e Governance implementation and the issues related to its implementation. It highlights the benefits and challenges of implementing e-governance while considering factual speciality, pecularities, growing impact of Information Technology and need of developing and developed countries.


Fusion of metallic nanowires (NWs) is of increasing interest for fabricating printed devices. Atomistic simulations of inter‐NW neck growth during thermal fusion of vertically stacked silver nanowires (NWs) with nonorthogonal axes are performed, a geometric configuration that is commonly seen in applications. High NW rotation during fusion is uncovered surprisingly and found that it accelerates inter‐NW neck growth beyond that explainable by conventional geometric arguments. Rotation‐regulated surface diffusion and dislocation generation are found to be the culpable mechanisms and are shown to be dominant in distinct regimes of initial NW orientation. Motivated by these atomistic observations, an original analytical model of inter‐NW neck growth is formulated and validated. The model accurately predicts the unusual trends in neck growth with six orders of magnitude lesser computational effort than atomistic simulations. Further, it can handle nonisothermal temperature histories over millisecond time scales for NWs up to 100 nm in diameter, a capability that is beyond the reach of typical atomistic simulations. The impact of the revealed spatial disparity of nanoscale neck growth on the properties of random‐packed NW assemblies, and the foundational role of the model in rational design and processing of printed multi‐NW assemblies for a range of applications are discussed.


Nicotinic acid and cadmium chloride were used as the reactants, absolute ethanol as solvent, and a novel coordination compound Cd(HNic)2Cl2 was synthesized by the method of liquid phase reaction. Chemical and elemental analyses, FTIR, and X-ray powder diffraction techniques were applied to characterize its composition and structure. Low-temperature heat capacities of the solid coordination compound have been measured by a precision automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from T = 78 K to T = 400 K. The experimental values of the molar heat capacities in the temperature region were fitted to a polynomial. Smoothed heat capacities and thermodynamic functions of the complex relative to 298.15 K were calculated based on the fitted polynomial and tabulated at 5 K intervals. In accordance with Hess's law, a reasonable thermochemical cycle was designed based on the preparation reaction of the new substance, and 100 mL of 0.1 M HCl solution was chosen as the calorimetric solvent. The standard m...


The surface rocks of the Edwards Plateau are of Lower Cretaceous age, and comprise the Trinity, Fredericksburg, and Washita divisions. The Trinity division was deposited by a sea encroaching upon an upland plain, traversed by several broad south- and east-draining river valleys, and broken by ridges formed on outcropping resistant formations. Trinity deposits filled the lower areas of the floor of deposition, so that the succeeding Fredericksburg deposits were laid upon an almost level surface except for the tops of some ridges which were never submerged in Trinity time. The regional structure, as contoured on the base of the Fredericksburg, shows a central plateau high zone with gentle coastward dip comprising most of the Edwards Plateau proper, and a peripheral belt of steepened dip on the south and east. Comparison of regional contour maps of the pre-Cretaceous surface, Trinity thickness, and the base of the Fredericksburg, shows clearly that the regional structure of the Fredericksburg is controlled by the topography of the pre-Cretaceous surface, and down-warping of the south and east margins into the Balcones fault zone.


By analyzing the 168 experimental-confirmed σ54 promoter sequences, two conservative regions that are -24 and -12 regions are obtained. The trimer frequency at 17 positions in these conservative regions is selected as inputting parameter. By adding pseudo-count into position weight matrix, the σ54 promoter can be predicted. The 168 negative sequences are extracted from coding regions and convergent intergenic regions. In Jackknife cross-validation, the overall accuracy reaches to 82.0%, suggesting that the model can be further used in the theoretical and experimental study of σ54 promoter.


The understanding and prediction of NOx emissions formation mechanisms during engine transients are critical to the monitoring of real driving emissions. While many studies focus on the engine out NOx formation and treatment, few studies consider cyclic transient NOx emissions due to the low time resolution of conventional emission analysers. Increased computational power and substantial quantities of accessible engine testing data have made ANN a suitable tool for the prediction of transient NOx emissions. In this study, the transient predictive ability of artificial neural networks where a large number of engine testing data are available has been studied extensively. Significantly, the proposed transient model is trained from steady-state engine testing data. The trained data with 14 input features are provided with transient signals which are available from most engine testing facilities. With the help of a state-of-art high-speed NOx analyser, the predicted transient NOx emissions are compared with crank-angle resolved NOx measurements taken from a high-speed light duty diesel engine at test conditions both with and without EGR. The results show that the ANN model is capable of predicting transient NOx emissions without training from crank-angle resolved data. Significant differences are captured between the predicted transient and the slow-response NOx emissions (which are consistent with the cycle-resolved transient emissions measurements). A particular strength is found for increasing load steps where the instantaneous NOx emissions predicted by the ANN model are well matched to the fast-NOx analyser measurements. The results of this work indicate that ANN modelling could strongly contribute to the understanding of real driving emissions.


This study conducted with the purpose of investigating the impact of expenditure on human capital and human capital accounting on financial performance of Sri Lankan Listed companies. This study employs panel data over five years from 2011 to 2015 of fourty listed companies across all sectors in the Colombo Stock Exchange Sri Lanka. Financial performance was measured through Return on Equity and Return on Assets. Aggregated expenditure on human capital was determined using all employee related financial information published in annual reports. An index was developed using disclosures on human capital accounting. Panel regression was applied using STATA v.13 in order to analyze the data. Expenditure on human capital significantly influences on firm's financial performance and the relationship is found to be positive. However human capital accounting disclosure level does not significantly influence towards the financial performance. The finding of the research implies that spending more on human capital of the organization improves the financial performance. Thus spending on human resources is no longer a burden to the firm's financial performance. Further research by extending the sample and time period under analysis may improve the generalizability. To the authors' best of knowledge, there are dearth of researches on human capital expenditures and reporting in Sri Lankan country context.


By starting with factors related to stopping time in tram,the calculation method of stopping time in tram was provided and that in metro was used for reference.Differences of stopping time were analyzed by different tickets selling and checking modes through Zhu Hai line 1.Finally,it was summarized that as the mean controlling factor of average driving speed,stopping time can be reduced by changing tickets selling and checking modes and doors and hardware in order to improving travel efficiency.


The exhumation of crustal ultra‐high‐pressure (UHP) material depends on temporal and spatial variations in its detachment within the subduction channel. This dependence is investigated using numerical models with variable initial crustal strengths, representing a range of initial crustal compositions, and parameterized strain weakening, representing a range of processes that reduce effective crustal viscosity during deformation. Competition between down‐channel shear traction, favoring subduction, and up‐channel buoyancy, favoring exhumation, is expressed as the exhumation number, E, which can vary with time and position along the channel. Exhumed lower strength crust, which resists subduction owing to weak down‐channel traction, records peak conditions <35 kbar and exhumation rates <30 km Ma−1. Higher strength crust is efficiently subducted to UHP depths (E < 1), recording peak pressures >38 kbar. Given sufficient strain weakening, exhumation proceeds at >60 km Ma−1, indicating that buoyancy (E ≫ 1) drives exhumation in these models. In all models, exhuming UHP material forms a deforming ductile plume, with a range of possible structural relationships predicted between exhumed UHP and HP materials.


Magnetic confinement fusion is a promising candidate for a future energy source. Its efficiency is limited by particle and heat transport due to plasma turbulence. A thorough understanding of the turbulence and turbulence moderation mechanisms, is therefore needed. The geodesic acoustic mode (GAM) is a radially localised plasma flow oscillation which contributes to the reduction of turbulent transport through velocity shearing. This thesis investigates the fundamental behaviour of the GAM through a systematic experimental study of its properties in the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak. In particular, the role of the plasma geometry on the scaling of the GAM frequency and amplitude, as well as the GAM radial structure are investigated in detail. The experimental data was obtained with the aid of the microwave Doppler reflectometry diagnostic. The GAM frequency scaling is compared with multiple models which reproduce the expected fundamental scaling behaviour, but do not give a satisfyingly accurate prediction. The GAM amplitude is studied in connection with damping rates predicted by models for collisional and collisionless Landau damping processes. It is found that finite orbit width effects need to be considered and that collisional damping effects cannot be neglected. In studying the GAM radial structure, three distinct states are identified for different plasma conditions. Transitions between these states are observed under variations of the plasma geometry


This article dealt systematically with the syndromes,symptoms,syndromes' elements and common prescriptions and herbs used in treatment of PD literature of TCM by collecting,carding and exhuming previous literature.Meanwhile,it reviewed and analyzed the literature about the syndromes,symptoms,syndromes' elements and prescriptions and herbs of PD by the modern statistical method,explored the characteristics of syndrome distribution and revealed rules about differentiation and inner composition of PD syndromes,in order to give evidences for the standardization of PD syndromes research.


A hexagon with each pair of opposite sides parallel to a side of a triangle will be called a hexaparagon for that triangle. One way to construct a hexaparagon for a given triangle ABC is to use as vertices the centroids P, Q, R, S, T, and U of the six non-overlapping sub-triangles formed by the three medians of triangle ABC. The perimeter of this hexaparagon is half the perimeter of triangle ABC. The ratio of the areas of triangle ABC to this hexaparagon is 36 to 13 and the lengths of the parallel sides are in the ratio 6 to 2 to 1. The vertices of this hexaparagon lie on an ellipse and, with a second type of hexaparagon introduced later, hexaparagons tile the plane.


Various aerospace primers applied to AA2024 were tested using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in an aqueous, neutral 3.5% NaCl electrolyte. Polarization data for each primer was then analyzed utilizing a Galvanic Corrosion Predictor Tool (GCPT) to configure an internal galvanic series. The GCPT deconvolutes laboratory data of metals and finishes for integration into a "Next Generation Galvanic Series." Polarization data is desired for establishing an electrochemical database that can be used to model interactions of aerospace primers with aluminum substrates and other inorganic pretreatments. However, it was observed that primer response to polarization testing was highly dependent on electrolyte immersion time and that coating degradation mechanisms were not well represented by the GCPT mathematical framework. This paper discusses the challenges of modeling primers with polarization data and presents an alternative modeling framework based on EIS.


The author shows how one can give a quantum description for systems having (2n+1)-dimensional anticommuting phase space. The Hilbert space related to these systems has 2n dimensions. Among the applications of those systems are spin in three dimensions and the d-dimensional relativistic spinning particle.


A fiber optic data system can be designed and constructed with many options for active components and for passive system elements. With regard to the passive interconnection system components, each application may have a different list of fiber/cable, connectors, ruggedization materials and other components. The selection of these items should be made keeping in mind the specific particular requirements of the system, from the standpoint of environmental and mechanical requirements and from the standpoint of the users who will be installing, maintaining and possibly repairing the system sometime in the future. The paper will review various alternatives available for selection of components, discussing options for different scenarios of required optical performance. Considerations of component selection with regard to capabilities of the installers/maintenance and repair people who will be responsible for the success of the system will also be discussed. A fiber optic system is not necessarily more difficult to install and maintain, but it is different from electrical systems and as long as proper component selection and training are implemented, the fiber optic system should be durable and successful.


The Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM), Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) sensor images, Toposheet and Google Earth Images at unequal intervals spanning 60 years period between 1953 and 2013, were analyzed to quantify the Transgression and Regression along the coast between Kolachel and Kayalpattanam. Visual interpretation and ISODATA classification techniques were used to extract the shorelines. The proposed method estimates the shoreline changes between 1953 and 1992, 1992 and 2006, 2006 and 2013 and the overall period change between 1953 and 2013.The outcome of this proposed method identifies the transgression and regression area of our study area. In this research article, all the process were carried out using ArcGIS 9.3.1, Erdas Imagine 9.1 and Elshyal smart web online software.


Abstract In this paper we prove that the Kostrikin radical of an extended affine Lie algebra of reduced type coincides with the center of its core, and use this characterization to get a type-free description of the core of such algebras. As a consequence we get that the core of an extended affine Lie algebra of reduced type is invariant under the automorphisms of the algebra.


Waltz's published dissertation provides a brief introduction to Gower's use of proverbs as well as an exhaustive catalogue. Waltz opens with a general distinction between folk and literary proverb, and briefly compares Gower's tally of 290 proverbs to Chaucer's approximately 187 proverbs. There is some overlap (about 60 proverbs), but they probably did not borrow from each other. Waltz lists some of Gower's major influences (the Bible, the Church Fathers, and the Latin authors), and feels that Gower may have read many of them directly, rather than using florilegia. The main body of the dissertation consists of Gower's proverbs organized by theme (e.g., human relationships, relationships to authority, human endeavor, etc.). The provenance of each proverb is also charted in some detail. The catalogue ends with a list of proverbs that either only have English provenance or are not known outside of Gower. [CvD]


The physicochemical and microbiological studies were conducted to examine the effect of Prunus mume extract on the Dongchimi fermentation. Dongchimi with the addition of various levels (0, 0.05, 01, 0.2 or 0.3%) of Prunus mume extract was fermented at for 30 days. The pH of the product decreased in the course of fermentation and it was between 3.8~4.2 at 6~8 days fermentation. Total acidity was decreased by the addition of Prunus mume extract. A more rapid decrease in pH and an increase in total acidity were observed in the control Dongchimi than in that with added Prunus mume extract. The content of vitamin C increased for up to 10 days of fermentation and then gradually decreased. Reducing sugar content increased for up to 10 days, and the highest of sugar content was shown in the Dongchimi with 0.3% of added Prunus mume extract. As Prunus mume extract levels increased, the total viable cell number and the Lactobacillus cell number decreased. Dongchitni in which Prunus mume extract was added gained it,j optimum taste after 10 days of fermentation. The results of this study indicate that Prunus mume extract causes a delay in the fermentation of Dongchimi by slowing down pH drop and inhibiting the Lactobacillus cell growth.


The paper strives to present the level of diversification of agricultural development in Poland
resulting from the uneven utilization of European funds allocated to this aim. Development of
agriculture is determined significantly by the scale of investment in this sector. Therefore, this
article analyses the measure "Modernization of agricultural farms" of RDP 2007-2013 and the
state of the utilization of its measures by agricultural farms in the individual regions of Poland.
The degree of activity and efficiency of beneficiaries in acquisition of European funds were
determined in the paper and an attempt was made at identification of factors diversifying it


We give a description of the mechanics of derivatives trading and then delve into the definition and calculation of CVA with details of how to handle collateral, ratings triggers, wrong-way risk and non- standard trades. Then we turn to the practical implications of recognising CVA in accounting, including a discussion of the treatment of unhedgeable credit risk. We conclude with some remarks about the future of CVA.


Abstract Visitor fatigue and hypercongestion are two key issues in museum visitor studies. This paper investigates some solutions recently developed by different European museums, which are based around the creation of thematic or time based trails or tours. Furthermore, this paper presents an interdisciplinary activity developed at a large scale museum in Italy, modelled on the contextual needs of the visitors. The preliminary stage of this case study involved manual mapping and analysis of visitors' behaviour. Subsequently, proximity sensors will be introduced. Proximity sensors detect visitor clustering and time of permanence near the artefacts along the museum display. This sensor system can be used as a testing tool for visitor behaviour, but also as a tool to devise a personal museum tour. The main contribution of this paper is the design for the implementation of a non invasive sensor system that aims to track visitor's behaviour, and suggests new museum pathways.


This paper is an attempt to use the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) connected system to play an effective job in the regulation of the voltage and power of the power system besides its positive effect for the system frequency. A two area power system is used to measure the effectiveness of the proposed V2G scheme. The proposed system is tested under the step load change condition and three phase short system case. A comparison between the system with proposed V2G schemes and that system without V2Gs is carried out showing the importance of the presence of the V2G schemes on system frequency, terminal voltage and total power. MATLAB /SIMULINK software package is used as a test environment.


Bonding between fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) sheets and concrete supports is essential in shear and flexural applications for transfer of stress between concrete structure and reinforcement. This paper aims at better understanding FRP–concrete bond behavior and at assessing some of the common formulations for effective bond length and bond–slip models (τ-s) by means of an extensive experimental program on 39 concrete specimens strengthened with various types and amounts of FRP strips and covering a wide range of FRP axial rigidities, subjected to both double-shear and bending tests. Effective bond length, maximum bond/shear stress, slip when bond stress peaks, and slip when bond stress falls to zero, were all experimentally measured. The influence of FRP stiffness on effective bond length and bond–slip behavior was observed. New expressions for (1) effective bond length; (2) maximum shear/bond stress; (3) slip at peak value of bond stress; and (4) slip at ultimate, taking into account the influence of F...


The death of Luis Garcia Ballester while still at the height of his powers is a great loss to the world of medical history, not only in Spain. Born in Valencia into a Catalan family, he trained as a doctor, taking his MD in 1966 at Valencia. But already he was turning to a career in medical history, under the influence of J M Lopez Pifiero, with whom he collaborated from 1961 to 1971 during the first years of the Valencia Institute. But it was an encounter with Pedro Lain Entralgo that encouraged him to work on Galen and to produce for his 1968 PhD thesis an annotated translation of Galen's treatise That the souls faculties depend on the body's temperaments. This was the first of a long series of Galenic studies, initially of Galen's psychology, and later of his symptomatology, which also included a short biography of Galen (1972). All were characterized by a feeling for the historical encounter between doctor and patient; the philological tasks of the translator were subordinated to the need to understand Galen as a medical man in Greek and Roman society. With Garcia Ballester's move from a lectureship at Valencia to one at Granada in 1971, where he set up the first Department of the History of Science in Andalucia, his interests developed to encompass the Later Middle Ages and the Renaissance, first with his Historia social de la medicina en la Espania de los siglos XIII al XVI (1976), and then with a memorable series of studies on the Moriscos and their medicine (1976, 1984). These volumes broke the traditional mould of Spanish medical history by concentrating on the social as well as the intellectual forces that influenced medicine. Not only was Garcia Ballester, an admirer of Erwin Ackerknecht, determined to locate 'medicine and society in a mediterranean region' (the subtitle of his 1988 history of medieval medicine in Valencia), but he also showed his enormous sympathy for the oppressed and the down-trodden in provincial Spain. In Franco's Spain this was a political as well as a historical statement. His colleagues and his students knew well how passionately he believed in freedom, of thought and of human society in general, and how willing he was to encourage them to discuss topics with implications far beyond the lecture room. His years in Granada, where he held the chair of medical history from 1976 to 1982, also saw the creation of the journal Dynamis in 1980. The preface to its first number encapsulates his intellectual credo as well as the vigour with which he set about implementing it. In 1975, he supervised the publication of the first volume of a major critical edition of the works of the great Catalan, Arnau de Vilanova (d. 1311), prepared in collaboration with pupils and colleagues within and without Spain. His willingness to help in international academic projects and organizations was untiring. He was involved in the planning of international conferences on Galen from 1982 to 1995, and, from the mid-1980s, organized a fruitful series of joint meetings on medieval and renaissance medicine with the Cambridge Wellcome Unit. His collaboration with the American Michael McVaugh also opened up the riches of the Spanish archives of Valencia and Aragon to wider scrutiny, and helped to bring Spanish medical history out of its isolation. In 1982 Garcia Ballester left Granada for Santander, where his wife held a post as a marine biologist, moving on in 1987 to Barcelona as a research professor in the CSIC Institucion Mila i Fontanals. In both places he had to build up a group almost from scratch. In Barcelona in particular, he could conduct and organize further research into late medieval Spain, with its varied communities and languages. He encouraged studies on medieval Jewish medicine


Introduction
 Hemolytic anemias are a group of disorders caused by the premature destruction of red blood cells with reticulocytosis. Common causes of inherited/congenital hemolysis are hemoglobinopathies and thalassemia syndromes, red blood cell membrane, and enzyme disorders. Most of the common causes (thalassemia, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, hereditary spherocytosis, etc.) are diagnosed based on laboratory testing; however, for remaining causes laboratory tests are either inaccessible or cumbersome. We follow a stepwise diagnostic pipeline and red cell morphology is helpful with membrane disorders. Phenotypes vary from severe hemolysis (transfusion-dependent) to mild/asymptomatic patients. Undiagnosed haemolytic anemias are taken up for multi-gene panel-based targeted resequencing which is rapid, accurate, and cost-effective. The use of these panels expedites the diagnoses of inherited hemolytic anemias and is eventually helpful for evidence-based genetic counseling.
 Objectives
 This study aimed to determine the genetic defects in inherited/congenital hemolytic anemias which remained unexplained after routine laboratory tests.
 Methods
 Seventy-five families were enrolled based on the clinical and laboratory features of inherited/congenital hemolytic anemias. Common causes of inherited hemolysis are G6PD deficiency, hemoglobinopathies and thalassemia syndromes, autoimmune hemolytic anemias, hereditary spherocytosis, and pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency were excluded on the basis of biochemical and molecular tests. DNA extraction was done QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit. Quantity and quality of DNA were verified using NanoDrop and Qubit Fluorometer respectively. DNA libraries were prepared using Amplicon custom panels for genes implicated in hemolytic anemias and sequenced on Illumina MiSeq Sequencer. Alignment and variant calling were done in Illumina Local run Manager and Variant annotation was done in Basespace VariantInterpretor. Sanger sequencing was done as orthogonal validation in the index case. Predictive testing was performed for the family members.

 Results
 After targeted resequencing of the total 75 index cases, 19 patients were found to have red blood cell enzymopathies, 15 patients had stomatocytosis, 13 had membranopathies and three patients had unstable hemoglobins. In 8 patients cause was not established either only heterozygous variant was found for autosomal recessive or due to the lack of samples of family members for screening. Seventeen cases remained unexplained even after next-generation sequencing.
 Out of 19 patients, unexpected PK deficiency was found in 12 patients and G6PD deficiency was found in 3 patients; despite the enzyme assay being normal in these cases. We also found 2 patients with glucose-6-phosphate isomerase deficiency. One case each with hexokinase deficiency and glutathione synthetase deficiency was found.
 Among 15 patients with stomatocytosis, 8 had Mediterranean stomatocytosis/macrothrombocytopenia (ABCG5/ABCG8). These 8 patients showed the presence of stomatocytosis along with giant platelets on peripheral smear evaluation. Of the remaining 7 cases , 2 were found to have overhydrated hereditary stomatocytosis (RHAG) and dehydrated Stomatocytosis/xerocytosis was found in 5 (PIEZO1/KCNN4).
 We also found 13 cases of hemolytic anemia to have a genetic defect in red blood cell membrane protein-coding genes. Of these 5 had probably pathogenic variants in the ANK1 gene, 5 had a pathogenic variant in SPTA1, 2 had SPTB 2, and 1 patient SLC4A1.
 We also encountered 3 cases of unstable hemoglobins where no abnormality was noted in Hb-HPLC patterns.
 A total of seven patients underwent splenectomy and are transfusion free.
 Conclusions
 Our cohort of 75 families of hemolytic anemia of unexplained etiology showed a highly heterogeneous genetic spectrum. Of the total cases, the confirmed diagnosis was achieved in 67% of the patients. This approach of using a multi-gene panel is cost-effective and can provide a rapid and accurate diagnosis. Unexpected PK deficiency, G6PD deficiency, and unstable hemoglobins suggest that such cases can be missed. Providing accurate diagnosis in such cases provides evidence-based counseling and saves the families from inappropriate treatments.

 No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Abstract Finding the optimal black-start alternative plays an important role in speeding up the restoration process of a power system after a complete blackout. In this article, a clustering method, affinity propagation, is adopted to deal with the black-start decision making problem. A novel black-start decision making method based on affinity propagation and TOPSIS is proposed. The standard deviation method is used to calculate the weights of the indexes, and a weighted normalized decision matrix is constructed. Then affinity propagation is used to cluster the black-start schemes of the weighted normalized decision matrix, and the optimal cluster is determined. Finally, for each black-start scheme in the optimal cluster, the relative closeness value is computed according to the TOPSIS method, and the best black-start scheme is selected. Compared with the existing black-start decision making methods, the proposed method can not only rank the black-start schemes but also determine which grade each black-start scheme should belong to. Based on the data of an actual power system, experiments were carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method is effective.


After the separation of the manage power and ownership, with the promotion of professional executives status, people pay the most close attention to the interests coordination between this two kind of people in the modern enterprises'management characterized by the separation of the two parts. Which is also the most difficult problem to solve. This paper makes a deeper discussion about this problem with the motivational theory as line. To conclude that, between professional executive and enterprise owner, there is an equal agreement relationship of different element owners. In order to reach a balance between the power of management and the ownership, A two - way encouragement system should be set up between them. This will be very helpful for us to realize the goal of enterprises, that is the maximization of profit.


In this study, the palynology of Silene sipylea LO. Schwarz, S.fabaria (L.) Sibth.& Sm., S.tenuiflora Guss., S.lydia Boiss. distributed in West Anatolia (B1, C1, C2) as well as S.discolor Sibth.& Sm. and S.colorata Poir. var.colorata distributed in North Cyprus was investigated. Pollens taken from the mature flowers of the species were according to the method of Erdtman (1); and then pollen diameter, pore diameter, distance between two pores and exine values were measured; the number of pores determined; and micrographs taken by light microscopy included in the study. In addition, significant palynological characters of the species were presented in the table form. The systematic position of the species with respect to palynological data was discussed. Unlike other species, S.tenuiflora pollens are reticulate, whereas those of the other Silene species that have been examined are spheroidal, tectate, microechinate and microperforate. The largest pollens are found in S.sipylea, while S.lydia had the greatest number of pores.


To describe the epidemiology of patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and investigate the possible association between outcomes for respiratory ECMO patients and hospital volume of ECMO treatment for any indications.


In this paper we study surfaces in H²×R for which the unit normal makes a constant angle with the R-direction. The main idea is to show that constant angle surfaces in H²×R can be obtained by split quaternion product and the matrix representations. Also we give some related examples with their projections of figures.


The present invention provides a class of tetrahydroquinoline compounds and one piperidine preparation and use, demonstrated by pharmacological tests such compounds as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors which competitively inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase, acetylcholine delay hydrolysis, thereby enhancing the effect of acetylcholine in the synapse, the purpose symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer's disease.


The paper reveals some features of personal and professional relations between two outstanding historians during the age of social disruption. The author pays special attention to the contradictions between personal political views of academicians affected their cooperation at its various stages.


This paper describes and discusses the role of practical work in science education in Ireland. The 2002 report of a government Task Force on the Physical Sciences, set up to consider the problems facing the teaching of the physical sciences in second-level schools in Ireland, has resulted in rapid reform of the science curriculum at both junior and senior secondary school level. Whilst practical work has a long and varied history in science education in Ireland, it was only in 2003 that practical work became compulsory with the introduction of a new Junior Certificate science syllabus for students in the 12 – 15 year old age group. The paper describes the two types of practical work introduced in the syllabus and discusses the results of a survey carried out by the Irish Science Teachers' Association to ascertain the response of teachers to this practical work. Compulsory practical work has also been introduced into physics, chemistry and biology at senior secondary school level (ages 16 – 18). The paper reports on a research study to evaluate the effectiveness of a proposed new assessment model for practical work involving the use of a visiting examiner to interview students and examine their ability to carry out tasks in the school science laboratory. The main finding was that the new model provided a more valid and fairer assessment of students' ability in the area of practical work.