An opportunistic feedback scheme is proposed for reducing the uplink control information feedback for the coordinated scheduling/beamforming (CS/CB) mode in the coordinated multiple point (CoMP) systems. CoMP is a promising technology for LTE-Advanced to improve the coverage and the spectral efficiency. However, the total feedback load is substantially heavy and becomes a serious problem for the practical systems. The proposed opportunistic feedback scheme can reduce the feedback load with little user throughput deterioration. In the proposed feedback scheme, in each cooperating cells set, the cells are divided into one primary cell and several assistant cells. Users in the primary cell are fairly determined to feed back according to the normalized signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) threshold. In the assistant cells, users who cause less interference to the primary cell are supposed to feed back. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme reduces the feedback load magnificently, while keeping the performance loss minimal.


Rhabdomyosarcoma of the nasal cavity often begins as a polypoid growth and may easily be mistaken for nasal polyps. For this reason, it is important that polypoid growths in the nasal cavity occurring in childhood be biopsied. Weber (17) described the first case of rhabdomyosarcoma in 1854, in the tongue of a twenty-one-year-old man. It was excised but recurred. Pastore, Sahyoun, and Mandeville (11) reported a rhabdomyosarcoma of the maxillary antrum in a forty-six-year old Negro, treated by extensive surgery followed by irradiation, without recurrence after seven years. In the records of Memorial Hospital (New York) Stobbe and Dargeon (14) found 15 cases of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck in children and adolescents ranging from sixteen months to sixteen years of age. The orbit and region of the internal canthus were the site of the tumor in 4 cases, the tonsil and soft palate in 4 cases, the mastoid and internal ear in 2 cases, with the remaining 5 neoplasms distributed in the regions of...


Transco Direstor Chris Le Fevre looks at what will drive innovation in the gas industry over the next 20 years and offers a few suggestions as to what the UK industry might look like in 2020.


The capacity of online education to produce learning environments that are supportive of hybrid identities, complex discourses, and multiple relations among learners raises questions about the ethical response of online educators. To investigate the ethics of online education, we discuss two questions: How are identity and communication constituted in online education? What are the features of an ethical pedagogy in online education? Such questions help us think in alternative ways about the ethical dimensions of online education. We argue that Emmanuel Levinas's views on ethics and otherness can overcome some of the ethical challenges inherent in online education by helping educators and learners become more aware of how they respond to the Other and consider their ethical responsibility to the Other's multiple and complex identities. An ethical pedagogy for online education that takes seriously the unknowable and irreducible Other has the potential to provide us with a different notion of what constitutes ethical pedagogies.


Meteorological variables, such as air temperature, are fundamental for improving our understanding of weather and the energy process. Spatial continuous information about these variables, generally obtained from interpolation using limited ground observations, is often required. However, interpolation method as well as in-situ observational site density and the sites configuration will affect the interpolated results. Therefore, we evaluate the impact of different in-situ observational configurations under five scenarios on air temperature interpolation in a heterogeneous oasis in Zhangye City, Northwest China. The results show that at validation sites in different scenarios, the mean absolute errors between the interpolated and observed temperature values varied from 0.26 to 0.43 °C whereas pixel-by-pixel comparisons indicated an increase in difference, with R2 values ranging from 0.04 to 0.71. The findings suggest that under a same observation density, the sites location and the sampling configuration significantly affects the interpolated air temperature.


The Helium-porosity analysis data of small core samples is usually used in the process of porosity modeling in logging reservoir evaluation.For the reservoirs with strong anisotropy,dissolved pore and fracture development,however,the small core samples can not fully reflect the real situation of corresponding depth,therefore,the porosity calculated using this model is less than the true value of formation porosity to some extent.This article makes a deeply analysis of porosity experimental data of whole well cores and small cores,and according to characteristics of lithology and physical property of marine carbonate and logging porosity calculation by small cores analysis data modeling,studied is correlation of well-logging information with small core and the whole well porosity data.Finally,by fitting the data of logging porosity and small cores porosity,small cores porosity and whole well cores porosity,achieved is a reasonable conversion from logging porosity to small cores apparent porosity,and then to whole well cores apparent porosity,so as to use the whole well cores porosity to calibrate logging porosity indirectly,the application result of which is good.


The excellent core recovery at Sites 417 and 418 has made it possible to define many discrete cooling units, of which many are preserved as a complete interconnected core. A "cooling unit" is any physically distinct rock unit bounded by identifiable chilled margins, and may be of extrusive or intrusive igneous origin. The dimensions of a unit may vary accordingly, from half a meter or less in the case of a pillow cross-section, to tens of meters in the case of a massive flow or sill. A cooling unit may or may not coincide with a lithologic unit or chemical unit. A pillowed lava flow may be made up of hundreds of cooling units which are indistinguishable on chemical and petrographic criteria, whereas a massive flow may be chemically and petrographically distinct from cooling units above and below; in the latter case the massive flow might represent a single cooling unit which also is a distinct chemical and lithologic unit.


Abstract Mechanics analysis of staple yarns provides an understanding of the yarn deformation and failure mechanisms. Work to date on the subject has mostly focused on the modulus and the strength rather than the progressive deformation mechanisms when a low-twist staple yarn is subjected to tensile loading. This paper presents a theoretical model to predict the entire load–extension response of low-twist staple yarns. The model is also used to study the response of such yarns when subjected to cyclic tensile loading. The work involves: (a) analyzing fiber end slippage effects due to fiber length discontinuities in a staple yarn and studying the stress distribution along the fiber under both tensile loading and unloading conditions; (b) conducting a fiber pull-out analysis to study the yarn post-peak response; and (c) predicting the entire load–extension curve of the yarn and the yarn response under cyclic tensile loading conditions.


The aim of this study is to clarify the relationship among ingestion and swallowing disorder, life satis faction,and social activity of the independent-living elderly aged 65-85 with a high level of physical activity. Questions regarding social activity (IADL), life satisfaction (modified PGC Morale Scale) , eating habits, masticatory ability, and ingestion and swal lowingdisorders were given to the following groups of 71 subjects:(1) 29 males and 26 females (mean age 72.3 years) who usually play volleyball in a public health center club and, (2) 16 males (mean age 75.6 years) who practice kendo (Japanese fencing). Oral examinations, evaluations for occlusal force by using "Dental PrescaleTM", modified water swallowing test and food test were performed. The results were as follows. 1 ) The factors indicating statistically significant data with regard to life satisfaction as a dependent variable using stepwise regression were swallowing disorder and masticatory ability. 2 ) The factors indicating statistically significant data with regard to social activity as a dependent variable using stepwise regression was ingestion and swallowing disorder. 3 ) The results of this study revealed close relation shipsamong ingestion and swallowing disorder, life satisfaction and social activity. Therefore, this study suggests the importance of oral function among the elderly who practice an independent life style.


The images show the works of Neil Bottle which are in public collections.

Optical series, 70x200cms at the Victoria & Albert Museum – The Permanent Textiles Collection London 1992-2007

Architectural Collage, 225x145cms at The Cooper Hewitt Museum – The Permanent Collection New York 1994

Silk hanging, 145x225cms at the Victoria & Albert Museum collection

Silk stole, 225x60cms, The Crafts Council – The Permanent Contemporary Textile Collection. London 1996


In this work we propose a cellular automata architecture using graphene nanoribbon arrays with spin polarization. We study the electronic and magnetic properties of the proposed structures by using first principles calculations and an algorithm based in the Glauber dynamic for simulating the cellular automata evolution. Our results show that the studied system can be scaled so that the propagation of digital information throughout the automata is possible at room temperature.


Social work and crime prevention are synergistically linked: crime prevention and treatment of offenders are an integral part of social policy, and solving social problems is a strong factor in crime prevention, which is why social work presents an important segment of the formal social response to crime. Social protection institutions have a particularly important role in combating juvenile delinquency. The paper analyzes the place and role of social work and social protection services in the formal reaction of society to juvenile criminality in the context of contemporary criminological knowledge about the etiology of juvenile delinquency. The situation, problems and perspectives of social work in the function of prevention of juvenile criminality in Serbia are especially analyzed.


The growing demand for web applications across various sectors has led to challenges in developing efficient and high-performance online apps. The traditional approach to web app development may struggle to meet the performance requirements of modern online applications. To address this, the Model-View-Controller (MVC) framework has become an essential tool for creating interactive online apps. While the MVC framework has limitations, several new design patterns have emerged from its architecture that offers improvements. This paper explores some of the thoroughly researched design patterns of the MVC framework. The Composite View pattern merges several views to facilitate the development of complex user interfaces, while the Intercepting Filter design pattern filters and processes requests before they reach the controller, enhancing security and speed. The Service Layer design pattern creates an abstraction layer between the data access layer and the controller to increase scalability and maintainability. Employing MVC-based design patterns can help developers enhance the functionality and efficiency of web apps, ensuring they meet the expectations of modern consumers.


The prediction of the antenna radiation pattern can be extremely complex for antenna system composed of several reflector surfaces. Typically, at mm-wavelengths, telescopes are composed of mirrors and shields, and an accurate prediction of the whole system response is therefore complicated. This is the case for the optical system of the ESA Planck mission. Planck represents the third generation of mm-wave instruments designed for space observations of CMB anisotropies over the whole sky, and has unprecedented sensitivity and angular resolution. The Low Frequency Instrument (LFI) is one of the two instruments onboard the satellite. LFI consists of an array of 46 cooled HEMT-based receivers coupled to the 1.5 meter off-axis dual reflector telescope by an array of 23 dual profiled corrugated feed horns working at four frequencies between 30 and 100 GHz. Owing to the small level of CMB anisotropies, the control of the systematic effects is mandatory, and this is assured by means of a dedicated instrument design and by an accurate knowledge of instrument characteristics. The telescope is a source of systematic errors both in the main beam region (aberrations) and in the sidelobes region (straylight contamination) and efficient and accurate radiation pattern simulations of the telescope-feed system are needed. We report on the simulations of the full pattern applied to the Planck/LFI-Telescope system. These simulations, based on advanced GTD methods, are used to evaluate the straylight rejection of the entire optical system, by applying a new approach for evaluating the sidelobes in a rigorous way, even at very low levels.


Temperature-dependent and polarised electronic spectra of a single crystal of sodium tetrachloroaurate dihydrate are reported and the 1A1g→1A2g(dxy→dx2–y2), 1A1g→1B2g(dxy→s), and 1A1g→1Eg(dxy→dxzdyz) transitions assigned.


The absence of a nuclear compartment permits prokaryotic ribosomes to bind nascent RNAs to initiate translation before a transcript is completely synthesized. Transcription and translation are normally tightly coupled in prokaryotes (Archaea and Bacteria) and uncoupling translation from transcription serves as a regulatory signal, permitting premature transcription termination when translation fails or is inhibited. The resultant decrease in downstream gene expression, termed polarity, is a major regulatory pathway to ensure coordinated gene expression. While the importance and widespread use of polar repression is well documented, to date, the factor responsible for polarity in archaea cells has not been explicitly identified.


The article deals with religious activity figures of Slovak Reformation in the spread of new religious movements in the Slovak expanses. They cover their biographical data, the position on reforming the church life and traces the nature and significance of their experience during the religious struggle of Slovaks with the dominance of the Catholic Church.


This paper investigates the ability of several models of Support Vector Machines (SVMs) with alternate kernel functions to predict the probability of occurrence of Essential Hypertension (HT) in a mixed patient population. To do this a SVM was trained with 13 inputs (symptoms) from the medical dataset. Different kernel functions, such as Linear, Quadratic, Polyorder (order three), Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) and Radial Basis Function kernel (RBF) were coded and tested. A detailed database, comprising healthy and diabetic patients from a university hospital was used for training the SVM for prediction. All five kernel function SVM structures tested showed reasonably good accuracy in prediction of disease (s), with linear kernel structure showing best prediction in 3 out of 4 datasets and Polyorder in one database. Thus the best choice appears to be situation specific. Keywords— Support Vector Machine, Classification, Kernel functions, Hypertension


The study envisaged assessing the general combining ability of the parents and specific combining ability of the hybrids, using diallel fashion (excluding reciprocals). Fifteen hybrids along with their six parents and one check (Arka Harita), Totally 22 genotypes were evaluated for the estimation of combining ability at Vegetable Research and Demonstration Block of college of horticulture, VCSG Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Bharsar during 2016-2017. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The analysis revealed that parents and crosses differed significantly for general and specific combining ability effects. The relative magnitude of gca variances was higher than the sca variance, indicates the role of additive component in the expression of traits like plant height, number of primary branches and stem diameter except days to 50% flowering, days to first fruit harvest and stalk length which was found to be under the control of non-additive gene action. The parent Byadgi Dabbi, G-4 and Pant C-1 exhibited highly significant for plant height, number of primary branches, days to 50% flowering days, Byadgi Kaddi for stem diameter and stalk length were found to be the best general combiner. The crosses Arka Lohit × Pant C-1 for number of primary branches per plant, plant stem girth, days to 50% flowering and stalk length and Arka Lohit × Arka Suphal for number of primary branches per plant and days to first fruit harvest were the best specific combiners. This suggests the usefulness of heterosis breeding or any breeding plan which makes use of specific combining ability effects for improvement in these traits.


The process route,spinning equipments characteristics and industrialization extension advantages of 32 ends parallel spinning FDY independent developed by Dalian Sythetic Fiber ResearchDesign Institute Co.Ltd.,were introduced.This will provide hardware to guarantee the realization of the Twelfth Five-year development goal for China PET filament industry.


Abstract Many investigations have revealed the beneficial effect of mechanical surface hardening in combination with induced compressive residual stresses leading to improved fatigue strength. The benefit will be higher, the higher the quality of the weld is. On the other hand, methods like shot peening are useless if the weld toe profile is poor and the connected notch effect strong. Increased fatigue strength is then only possible after a post weld treatment which produces a smoother shape of the weld toe. Experiments reveal that methods which aim to increase the intensity of the penetration depth do not necessarily produce the best fatigue performance. High intensities of the mechanical surface treatments, especially in ductile aluminium alloys, may produce new geometrical defects which may work against the benefit of the deeper penetration depth of cold hardening and compressive residual stresses. A systematic evaluation of the results of improvement methods is possible with the help of the local fatigue strength concept, which compares the local strength properties and the local load stresses.


This study investigated the effects of stressors for university students and their big five personality traits on dream recall frequency classified by dream emotion. The following results were obtained: i) stressors and Neuroticism had an interactive effect on dream recall frequency. ii) Stressors had main effects on sad, anxious, and unpleasant dream recall frequency. iii) Extroversion was negatively correlated with nightmare recall frequency and positively correlated with pleasant dream recall frequency. iv) Neuroticism was negatively correlated with pleasant dream recall frequency and positively with sad, anxious, strange, and unpleasant dream recall frequency. v) Agreeableness was negatively correlated with nightmare recall frequency and positively with unpleasant dream recall frequency. These results showed that stressors related to mainly negative dream recall and emotions of recalled dreams varied by the dimensions of big five. The findings implicate that mental support for enhancing stress-coping ac-cording personality traits can be effective to prevent harmful effects after awakening from negative dream recall.


This paper pursues three goals. First, some traditional concepts of 'legal science' will be analysed, and a definition of 'legal science ampio sensu', 'legal science stricto sensu' and 'legal dogmatics' will be proposed. Second, a reconstruction of five models of 'legal science ampio sensu' will be presented to show the different methodological alternatives available to legal scholars. Third, I claim that it is necessary (for conceptual reasons) to argue for moral reasons when choosing a legal method. Finally, I offer some arguments for supporting the five methodological alternatives of legal science ampio sensu.


As the unity of accuracy and fuzziness,fuzzy numerals have raised many translators' interest.In order to have a system-atic and complete understanding on the use and effectiveness of fuzzy numerals,and broaden the role that fuzzy numerals played intranslation fields,this thesis,on the basis of many examples from the essays of Zhang Peiji,the classical poetry in the Tang Dynastyand Song Dynasty,and the novels of Lu Xun,pays much attention to the application and translation methods of the fuzzy numeralsfrom the perspective of Skopos Theory which includes the skopos principle,coherence principle and fidelity principle.


The processing ability of chicken meat is very variable, which could impact on the competitiveness of the poultry industry. As in pig, high variations in ultimate pH lead to defects of appearance, conservation and processing yields. To understand the biological and genetic mechanisms involved in the control of poultry meat quality, two chicken lines were divergently selected on the breast meat ultimate pH (pHu): the pHu- and the pHu+ lines. Their average pHu diverges of 0.5 pH units in the breast Pectoralis major (PM), which corresponds to a 20% difference of muscle glycogen (pHu- > pHu+). The present study aims at identifying biomarkers of meat quality by using high throughput approaches for the profiling of the muscle transcriptome (8x60K custom Agilent microarray) and for the characterization of metabolome in muscle and serum (proton and phosphorus NMR analysis on muscle and proton NMR on serum). The analysis by Gene Ontology of the differentially expressed genes between muscles from the pHu- and the pHu+ lines indicates an over-representation of genes involved in 6 processes, i.e., the sarcomere organization, the positive regulation of phosphorylation, the pyruvate metabolism, the glycolysis, and the coenzyme and phosphorus metabolism. Most of the genes involved in the glycolysis pathway were over-expressed in the pHu- compared to the pHu+ line. The serum of the pHu- chickens was characterized by higher glucose level and lower concentrations in byproducts of purine degradation compared to the pHu+ line. These observations could help at a better understanding of the molecular pathways underlying the differential ability of the pHu- and pHu+ line to store glycogen in their muscle. By defining a set of pertinent biomarkers, our goal is to build a predictive model of the breast muscle ultimate pH to optimize the quality of poultry meat in relation to breeding and rearing factors.


The valence band (VB) structures of face-centered-cubic Ag-Rh alloy nanoparticles (NPs), which are known to have excellent hydrogen-storage properties, were investigated using bulk-sensitive hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The observed VB spectra profiles of the Ag-Rh alloy NPs do not resemble simple linear combinations of the VB spectra of Ag and Rh NPs. The observed VB hybridization was qualitatively reproduced via a first-principles calculation. The electronic structure of the Ag0.5Rh0.5 alloy NPs near the Fermi edge was strikingly similar to that of Pd NPs, whose superior hydrogen-storage properties are well known.


Human pose estimation refers to the detection and tracking of the position of human body parts from input data like images and videos. The most common methods are based on computer vision techniques that require the installation of cameras such as RGB or infrared cameras. However, vision-based systems are susceptible to challenges like complicated backgrounds, occlusions, and low-resolution images. Recently, UltraWide-Band (UWB) technology has gained popularity due to its low complexity, high accuracy, and penetration capability, hence we propose a novel approach for human pose estimation using UWB technology. The solution retrieves the 3D human pose using five body-mounted UWB sensors placed at the pelvis and at limbs joints, namely wrists and ankles. We designed a transformer-based architecture capable of reconstructing the human skeleton from a small subset of joints measured with ranging information using UWB.


Paragangliomas are neuroendocrine tumors most often benign. The adrenal location is the most common. Very few cases of vesicular paragangliomas have been reported in the literature. Mirizzi's syndrome is a mechanical complication of vesicular lithiasis, causing the compression of the common hepatic duct. It can also lead to bilio-biliary fistulas. We report through this observation an extremely rare case associating these three entities.


1. A small number of surgical and post-mortem specimens of diverticular disease of the colon have been examined in an initial attempt to correlate some of the radiological signs with the naked eye morbid anatomy. 2. Attention has been drawn to the fasciculated structure of the muscle wall, the relationship of this structure to the shape of diverticula and the ability of a barium enema to fill these sacs. 3. The influence of the distribution of diverticula in the sigmoid colon on the radiographic appearances has been studied. 4. It has been shown that some of the classical radiological signs of diverticulitis cannot be explained in terms of the mechanical effects of inflammation, but can be understood by assuming a primary fault in muscular action which is not directly related to either diverticula or inflammation. 5. The contribution that radiology makes to the problem of pathogenesis of diverticular disease has been discussed in a speculative fashion.


A flush door handle includes a powered actuator which displaces the handle from a fully retracted position to an intermediate position. A user can grasp the handle and pull the handle to a fully open position to unlock the door lock by it. After a user has released the handle, it moves because of the spring force or because of a driven actuator in a closed position. In addition, the door lock may comprise a fully powered version, in which the handle from a closed position shifts to an open position and in which a power door lock the door locking is released, if predetermined conditions are detected


The high affinity phage-ligand of a lysozyme was selected from 7-mer phage display library. The ELISA signal of the highest affinity clone at 405 nm was found to reach 0.634.The comparison of the amino acid sequences of foreign peptides of the clones shows specificity to lysozyme molecules,and the HWWW motif is considered to be the necessary amino acid sequence for the affinity. The isoelectric point of the target molecule and the high affinity peptide were 11.2 and 6.74 respectively,so they will bring different charges in the affinity condition,which enable the affinity binding occur more easily.Contrastively,the two low affinity peptides bring the same charge as target molecule,which will disturb the affinity binding between the target molecule and peptide.In additional,both the high affinity peptide HWWWPAS and the other peptide HWTWWNL that has higher homology to HWWW PAS,have moderate hydrophobicity that might help the peptides binding to certain bydrophobic sites on the surface of target molecule.


This paper introduces concept,composition,sources and hazards of the PM2.5,discusses the characteristics of topography,weather in Taiyuan city on the impact of the PM2.5,the main processes of iron and steel enterprises discharge PM2.5 are analyzed,and aiming at TISCO current PM2.5 prevention and control measures put forward some suggestions.


Abstract : The installation of a S.A.A.B. near-miss transmitting head in a Mk.3 Dart target towed by a Meteor T.T.20 aircraft for air to air gunnery practice necessitated the use of a special nylon launching halyard with electrical continuity. A description of the halyard and an account of the proving trials are given.


Waste management issue has been a major threat and challenge due to the undergoing rapid industrialization and urbanization not only to Malaysia, but also other countries around the world. To tackle that, the first step starts at household level where people are encouraged to try to manage their wastes properly. The aim of this study was to review the current practises of household waste management, to assess household awareness of the health and safety risked posed by inadequate handling of special household waste and to identify future prospect and potential for effective waste management system in Kampung Parit Haji Siraj, Ayer Hitam, Johor. A survey questionnaire was used to collect complete information on the objectives stated and the data were analysed using SPSS software. Results showed that 97.2% of residents were aware about waste management and social media with 80% contributed the most in delivering information about waste management to the public. The most type of solid waste generated from household were food waste and plastic with 94.4% and 86.1%, respectively. 66.7% of residents emptied their waste container once in 2 days and about 63.9% of the residents dispose their household waste in a hole near their compound. Majority of the residents are aware of any health and safety risked posed by inadequate handling of household waste. Lastly, waste management system in the area can be improved by providing proper waste disposal place and educating proper disposal ways to guarantee that residents do not discard their waste in an indiscriminate manner.


Current 3-D reactor burnup simulation codes typically utilize either transport-corrected diffusion theory or Monte Carlo methods to perform flux calculations necessary for fuel depletion. Monte Carlo codes, particularly the Monte Carlo N-particle Transport Code (MCNP) from Los Alamos, have become increasingly popular with the growth of parallel computing. While achieving a criticality eigenvalue is relatively straight forward, run times for large models requiring converged fission sources from proper burnup computation quickly becomes very time consuming. Additionally, past analyses have shown difficulties in source convergence for lattice problems using Monte Carlo [1]. To invoke an alternative means of computing core burnup and decreasing computation time for large models, a deterministic tool such as the PENTRAN/PENBURN suite is necessary. PENTRAN is a multi-group, anisotropic Sn code for 3-D Cartesian geometries; it has been specifically designed for distributed memory, scalable parallel computer architectures using the MPI (Message Passing Interface) library. Automatic domain decomposition among the angular, energy, and spatial variables with an adaptive differencing algorithm and other numerical enhancements make PENTRAN an extremely robust solver with a 0.975 parallel code fraction (based on Amdahl's law). PENBURN (P arallel E nvironment BURN up), a recently developed fuel depletion solver, works in conjunction with PENTRAN and performs 3-D zone based fuel burnup using the direct Bateman chain solution method. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the capabilities and unique features of the PENTRAN/PENBURN suite through a fuel burnup study on a 3 wt% enriched UO2 fuel pin and 17×17 Westinghouse OFA assembly.© 2008 ASME


It is well known that the improvement in the energetic materials field needs to rally the efficiency by increasing the performance of the materials. Optimizing the sensitivity and the performance is considered a challenge that obstacle the developer to getting the required high-energy materials. Nanoparticles with reduced graphene oxide (RGO) rely on a new series of energy materials that can be produced chemically or thermally to reduce the oxygen content by exploiting the interlaying spacing and functionalization of the graphite basal planes. The RGO could easily disperse in an organic solvent due to its hydrophobic material and achieve a large surface area. In this paper, The production of RGO was discussed, and the solvent-nonsolvent method was applied to disperse the RGO on 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to check the morphology of the tested composition. The deflagration experiment was applied to determine the ignition temperature and delay. The thermal behavior was determined by TGA and DSC techniques. The results showed that the presence of RGO layers accumulated the heat release inside the crystals during the heating process and decreased the ignition temperature of the prepared composite RDX-RGO. The decomposition peak of RDX-RGO decreased dramatically compared with the individual RDX. The RGO acts as a catalyst and increases the reactivity of RDX.


Background: The clinical results of surgical procedures for severe Sprengel deformity have been uncertain. To obtain improved elevation, we consider that it is necessary to realign the lateral border of the scapula for upward rotation. The purposes of the current study were to evaluate the clinical results and range of motion of the scapula after such realignment. Methods: Seven cases of Sprengel deformity of Cavendish grade 3 or 4 were treated surgically and then clinically evaluated and examined using 3-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT). (Two boys and 5 girls aged 50.9±15.4 mo, mean±SD at the time of operation.) The mean follow-up was 53.1 months (range, 12 to 92 mo). After the omovertebral bone and the superomedial side of the scapula were removed, the levator scapulae and rhomboids were reattached to wrap around the scapula at maximum upward rotation to assist in maintaining this position. Cavendish and Rigault grades were used for evaluation of postoperative appearance. The superior displacement and rotation of the scapula were measured on the trunk posterior view using 3D CT. The relationship between improvement in the range of motion and radiologic change were analyzed statistically. Results: The postoperative flexion (97.9±12.9 to 160±11.5 degrees) and abduction (99.3±13.0 to 161.4±15.7 degrees) were significantly improved compared with the mean preoperative values (P<0.0001). 3D CT revealed that in all patients the malrotation of the scapula was improved postoperatively. The current study shows that successful realignment of the scapula led to these improved clinical results. Conclusions: Our procedure has advantages not only for recovery of the range of motion but also for reducing the characteristic lump in the web of the neck. However, our procedure has an inherent limitation related to asymmetric shoulder level and width. 3D CT may be useful for preoperative planning and postoperative evaluation. Level of Evidence: Level IV—case series.


This study empirically investigates the psychological mechanism underlying consumers' choice of foreign and local brands among the consumers of Pakistan. The current study is an attempt to find the answer that why consumers prefer foreign/global brands over local brands? The study hypothesizes that the proposed combination of psychological processes categorizes the consumer's choice between global and local brand. Data was collected from 160 respondents belonging to diverse fields of life following convenience sampling technique. Logistic regression test was applied to predict the relative importance of various variables in determining the consumers' purchase intentions towards particular brand. The results of current study showed that life satisfaction and emotional value are the most critical success factors behind global brand choice whereas ethnocentrism and brand loyalty predict local brands preferences. This study will provide global strategic minds, an insight to grasp the impulse of potential international consumers. It also finds why global brands are considered a significant part of the strategic marketing plan for increase in sales. This study uses unique combination of psychological factors in determining the global brand choices applying logistic regression model to predict the group membership of consumers based on brand preferences across various determinants.


Closed dislocation of thumb Interphalangeal (IP) joint is rare, due to the inherent stability of the thumb IP joint. The interposition of the volar plate, flexor pollicis longus, sesamoids, and digital nerves can treat the joint closed reduction. In this study, we report a case of three-week-old irreducible closed dislocation of thumb IP joint in a 33-year-old woman. We planned to perform open reduction surgery using a dorsal approach on the IP joint and the ulnar side opening. The volar plate was interposed in the joint. Seven months after surgery, the patient achieved 0-45 degrees of IP range of motion. No sign of degenerative joint changes on the x-ray images was observed in the final visit. This study suggests the high probability of open reduction for these injuries and recommends the use of dorsal approach, excluding the complications of volar approach.


Thirty-three cases of glottic reconstruction are presented. Free autogenous tissue transplants were used to reconstruct a pseudocord after extended frontolateral partial laryngectomy in which one arytenoid was excised. The observation period varied from 2 to 12 years. In 30 patients the reconstruction technique employed an autogenous free muscle transplant sutured into the endolaryngeal recipient muscle bed remaining after hemilaryngectomy. In three patients, free autogenous epiglottis was used instead of muscle. In every case the pseudocord tissue transplant was completely covered with advancement flaps of pyriform sinus mucosa. We believe this experience justifies the use of free autogenous tissue transplants into the endolarynx without fear of slough. Transplant shrinkage is fairly predictable and averages about one fourth of the original bulk of the implanted graft. Free tissue grafts for endolaryngeal reconstruction appear to possess the following advantages over extralaryngeal pedicles: (1) easy "tailoring" of the transplant; (2) easy positioning of the transplant directly opposite the retained functioning cord; (3) easy placement in the posterior commissure defect; (4) complete endolaryngeal relining by hypopharyngeal mucosa; (5) avoidance of stents or keels; (6) lack of distortion of extrinsic laryngeal motion and laryngeal tilt, which can be observed after pedicles are swung into the residual hemilarynx; (7) absence of contraction-retraction vectors associated with various extralaryngeal pedicles which can distort extrinsic laryngeal motion; (8) assurance of complete "air-tight" closure of the residual organ when pedicles are not placed into it.


An optimal learning scheme is proposed for a class of bidirectional associative memories (BAMs). This scheme, based on the perceptron learning algorithm, is motivated by the inadequacies/incompleteness of the weighted learning by global optimization, as derived by Wang et al. (1993). It is shown that the new scheme has superior properties: (1) Convergence to the correct solution, when it exists; and (2) A larger basin of attraction for the given set of patterns.


Periodic nanostructures spaced by half of the wavelength can be obtained by the technology of laser-focused atomic deposition. Experimental result with single standing wave layer is presented, with a periodicity of 213 ± 0.1 nm, a height of 4 nm, and a feature width of 64 ±6 nm. To further minimize the feature width,focusing and depositing characteristics of double standing wave layers are numerically simulated with optimized particle optics model. It is shown that the spherical aberration is reduced significantly. The predicted feature width is 18.2 nm and the height is approximately 12.6 nm when the powers of the two standing wave layers are 6 and 14 mW, respectively. Well-defined line occurs even when the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of transverse angular spread reaches 0.5 mrad. OCIS codes: 140.3325, 220.3740, 220.4241. doi: 10.3788/COL201210.S21403. The fabrication of nanoscale structures by neutral atom lithography has the potential to significantly put forward the nanotechnology, ranging from device miniaturization in electronic industry to nanometrology. Over the last two decades, one-dimensional (1D) structures with this direct deposition technique have been grown with sodium [1] , chromium [2,3] , cesium [4,5] , aluminum [6] , ytterbium [7] , iron [8] , barium [9] , and metastable helium [10] . Focusing and depositing char


An effective way to avoid corrosion of bars in concrete structures is to apply epoxy-coated bars,studies on application of epoxy-coated bars in concrete structures are carried out systematically.Based on 48 standard pull-out specimens,behaviors of bond and anchorage of epoxy-coated bars are analyzed,and behaviors as well as design methods of concrete beams reinforced with epoxy-coated bars are also studied on the basis of tests of 6 beam specimens under vertical loading.In addition,the corresponding design suggestions are put forward.The studies of this paper can provide scientific reference for application of epoxy-coated bars in concrete structures.


A former member of the Palama Settlement board and judo instructor recalls growing up in the rough Kalihi and Palama neighborhoods and the role of sports in his life. He tells of his participation in kendo, judo, swimming, and football.


Worklife balance is a crucial factor for workers to contribute to the growth of the organization as well for their own wellbeing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of quality of work life factors on the overall satisfaction of the employees. A sample of 154 employees from manufacturing sector was collected and analysed objectively. Seven quality of work life factors were tested to study their relationship with the overall satisfaction of the employees. The data was tested for reliability by evaluating the Cronbach's alpha value and validity was checked by factorial analysis. Job satisfaction emerged to be the most important factor, followed by adequate and fair compensation. All the factors were positively correlated with the overall satisfaction. Organizations can benefit from the findings of this research by interweaving quality of work life into the policies and procedures for the overall development of the organization.


The aim of this study was to assess the effect of age on early reversibility testing (ERT) in patients with asthma. Forty-nine nonsmokers with asthma were investigated. In all cases, disease duration was less than 15 years; the absolute change (absolute variability, AV) in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) on ERT was greater than 100 mL; and the increase in FEV1 on ERT was greater than 10%. Patients were categorized as group I (younger than 50 years; n = 24) and group II (50 years or older; n = 25). There were no significant differences between the groups regarding disease duration and severity. The mean patient ages in groups I and II were 40.3 ± 7.9 years and 59.2 ± 7.1 years, respectively, and the corresponding mean baseline FEV1 values were 62.2 ± 23.7% and 67.4 ± 21.1% of predicted value (p>0.05). Pulmonary function tests were performed at baseline, and then repeated for ERT 20 minutes after inhalation of 200 µg salbutamol. After ERT, the respective findings for groups I and II were as follows: AV 412 ± 184 mL and 247 ± 138 mL; percentage change (PC) in FEV1 21.5 ± 9.3% and 16.9 ± 7.5%; and percent of predicted change (PPC) in FEV113.6 ± 6.5% and 9.9 ± 4.9%. The AV, PC, and PPC values for group I all were higher than the corresponding findings for group II, and the differences in AV and PPC were statistically significant (p = 0.001, p<0.05). The study showed that elderly asthma patients exhibit significantly lower AV and PPC after ERT. To improve the accuracy of asthma diagnosis in elderly patients, limits of ERT should be redefined.


The phosphovanadotungstate polyanion [P2W15V3O62] 9– is a powerful support to stabilize palladacycles conjugated to the inorganic framework via an organic ligand. The insertion can be directed toward sp 2 or sp 3 C–H insertion upon appropriate choice of the substitution pattern on the organic ligand. DFT modeling indicates that the strong withdrawing effect of the POM transmitted through the conjugated carbonyl was responsible for this easy insertion. The palladacycles led to the formation of stilbene via a Mizoroki-Heck reaction. However it is likely that the POMs act as Pd-reservoirs for the formation of nanoparticles.


NOBODY EXPECTS a red tide of toxic, highly alkaline sludge to come rushing through one's neighborhood. But that's exactly what happened on Oct. 4 in Hungary, when a reservoir containing pH-13 waste from bauxite mining burst open, releasing 700,000 m 3 of red mud, as it's called. The toxic flood killed eight people, burned hundreds of others, and caused one of the country's biggest environmental disasters to date. A staggering 70 million tons of red mud is produced worldwide every year to extract alumina from bauxite in a process that's been used for more than 100 years. Researchers have long tried to find ways to recycle or reuse the waste—well before the disaster in Hungary. "There are gigatons of red mud lying around," says Marcel Schlaf, a chemist at the University of Guelph, in Ontario. "We'd like to do something useful with it." Potential applications range from incorporating red mud into bricks and roof tiles ...


This paper defined event as the modifications a process makes to a series of files during its running.In order to address the issue of how conveniently and effectively recover the modifications a event makes to files,the authors designed and implemented an event-recovery file system named GobackFS.GobackFS is a user space file system,and implemented based on FUSE.Test results show that GobackFS file system is slightly lower than Ext3 file system in read and write performance,and slightly higher than the latter in seeking speed.


Methods and outcomes of local governments' assessments of service excellence were examined in a meta-analysis of 261 citizen surveys administered during the last ten years to more than 200,000 U.S. residents who were intended to represent over 30 million Americans. Evaluations of local government services were calculated for good and bad assessment procedures. While assessment methods were poor whether or not applied by outside consultants, good survey methods tended to provide the same account of service delivery as did bad survey methods. Despite the meager correlation of method with outcome, improvement of assessment methods was recommended as a necessary, albeit insufficient, step in raising the enthusiasm of public administrators for meaningful outcome measures.


Introduction: The use of traditional preparations for the induction or acceleration of
labor remains a common practice in our country in particular and in Africa in
general with sometimes derogatory outcomes for the mother and the fetus. Goal: The objective was to assess immediate maternal and neonatal outcomes in
women who reported having used the traditional pharmacopoeia for utero-tonic
purposes. Methodology: We conducted a multi-centric cross- sectional
study with prospective data collection in the maternities of the Laquintinie
Hospital, Bonassama District and Nylon Hospitals. It took place over a period
of seven months, from 1st October 2016 to 31st April 2017. This included all
women who reported having used the unconventional pharmacopoeia for utero-tonic purposes before or after contractions started.
The student and Chi-square tests were interpreted at the statistical threshold of 5% and the
95% confidence intervals. Results: We recruited 168 cases, 68.5% of the
245 women interviewed. The mean age was 27.1 ± 0.41 years; 55% of
our respondents had a secondary level of education; 80% of them were admitted at term and 43% were
multiparous. Nulliparity predisposed to traditional pharmacopoeia use (RR =
1.55, CI = 0.79 - 3.03) but primiparity reduced this risk (RR = 0.4, CI = 0.24 - 0.926).
Stimulation of labor was the first indication in 85% of women, the rectal
evacuation enema was the main route used (67%). The majority of plants used
were those of the families Asteraceae, Anthericaceae,
and Malvaceae. In per partum, 42% had a brilliant dilatation; there was
a statistically significant association between the occurrence of dynamic dystocia (CI = 0.28 - 1.54, p = 0.006) and the risk of perineal tear (RR = 3.13, CI = 1.68 - 5.85; p = 0.007). The APGAR score at 5 min of life was less than 7 in 64%
of cases (p = 0.027). The caesarean section rate was 69%. Conclusion: Traditional
products with uterotonic effects are frequently used and unregulated with its
corollary of materno-fetal complications.


Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has been considered as a promising method for reliably monitoring civil and military environment in hazardous or dangerous conditions. Usually, sensor webs consisting of nodes with limited power and limited wireless communications are deployed to collect useful information from the field. Due to these reasons, how to improve energy efficiency is a critical issue for WSN protocols. The LowEnergy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol puts forward an algorithm where sensor nodes are built into clusters to fuse data before transmitting to Base Station (BS). An improved version of LEACH, called Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchycentralized (LEACH-C), is presented, where the central Base Station (BS) executes the clustering to improve energy efficiency. This paper presents an improvement of LEACH-C based on power, called Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy-central constrained (LEACH-CC), which balances energy distribution of network by means of changing range of nodes being cluster head. Stimulation results show that LEACH-CC can improve system lifetime over its comparatives.


Application of water pinch technology can effectively save the fresh water in industry ,and remarkably reduce the discharge of wastewater. Though water pinch technology is relatively mature in theory , many difficulties still exist in practical application. So report on this field is rarely seen in the world. This paper introduced the principles of water pinch technology , raised the procedures of applying it in practical engineering. At last , taking the revamping project for water saving in a petrochemical company as example , this paper put forward the scheme on optimization of water supply net. Application result showed that the effect of saving water was fairly good.


It has been reported that the occurrence of hyperthyroidism from large adenomatous goiter is high in America. Furthermore, many studies in recent years have demonstrated that the Thyrotropin (TSH) response to Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone (TRH) in clinical euthyroid patients with adenomatous goiter resulted in failure. However, there has been no data on the incidence of hyperthyroidism in patients with adenomatous goiter in Japan. The present paper reports the incidence of hyperthyroidism in a large number of patients with adenomatous goiter in Japan. Three hundred and fourteen patients (29 males and 285 females, aged 12-74) with adenomatous goiter are included in this study. The diagnosis of adenomatous goiter depends on the microscopic criteria described by Meissner and Warren, regardless of the nodularity of goiter. The resected goiter weight of these patients ranged from 2.8 to 280.5 gm. Serum concentrations of T3 T4 and TSH were measured in these patients. Furthermore, a TRH test was performed on 51 (3 males and 48 females, aged 13-64) out of 314 patients, who were supposed to be euthyroid from T3 T4 and clinical findings. 500 big TRH were injected intravenously. Blood samples for TSH determination were taken before and 15, 30 and 60 min. after injection. Serum T3 T4 and TSH were measured by using commercial kits (T3 RIA kit, T4 RIA kit and TSH RIA kit, Dainabot Japan). One hundred and sixty-four subjects (54 males and 110 females, aged 10-74), who had no clinical suspicion of thyroid disease and were apparently healthy, served as normal controls. Serum T3 , T4 and TSH values in the control subjects were 117.1 ± 18.4 ng/dl


The present paper describes a simple, low-costly and environmentally friendly procedure for reduction of 4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde using carrot bits in water. This interdisciplinary experiment can be used to introduce the concepts of biocatalysis and green chemistry to undergraduate students.


Certainly trickle (or drip) irrigation is not new to horticulture. In the early 1970s Chapin (1, 2, 3, 4), Gustafson (7, 8), and Hall (9) pioneered its use in horticultural crops in the United States. Kenworthy (10, 11, 12, 13) had introduced the concept of trickle irrigation to fruit growers in western Michigan by 1972. It appeared to be a "natural"; many growers already had deep wells (for hydrocooling cherries) available as excellent water sources. Since then the use of trickle irrigation has spread rapidly throughout the horticultural industry on a worldwide scale. Most draw on deep-well water or on canal, river, or lake water, which may require treatment, filtration or both to render it usable. However, the use of a trickle system for waste disposal was a new application of an existing technology.


Background/Aims: To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of interferon in chrcnic viral hepatitis, interferon was administered to 222 patients with biopsy proven chronic viral hepatitis. Methods: 32 patients were excluded and the 190 patients was included, 149 men and 41 women. Average age was 34.4+-8.93 (14-67) years. 161 cases had HBsAg and HBeAg, and 29 cases had anti-HCV Ab. Three millicn units of interferon beta were given to 37 patients with chronic B hepatitis, daily for one month Six million units of interferon alpha were given to 124 patients with chronic B hepatitis and 29 patients with chr onic C hepatitis, three times a week for six months. Results: 1) Out of 124 patients with clronic hepatitis B treated with a-interferon, HBeAg negativity for more tban six months was observed in 25 patients (20.2%), and defined as responder group. The 23 patients (18.5%) were defined as probable responder, because of persistent seroregativity of HBeAg for the last 6 months, despite of fluctuation of sercangativity during the follow-up. The 29 patients (23.4%) were defined as probable non-responder because of recurrence of HBeAg, which once was cleared but reappeared during last 6 months. But there was no seroconversion in 47 cases (37.9%). The overall response rate was 38.7%. 2) Out of 37 patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with B-interferon, 7 patients (18.9%) were responder, 6 patients (16.2%) probable responder, 12 patients (32.4%) probable non-responder, 12 patients (32.4%) non-responder. The overall response rate was 35.1%. 3) Out of 29 patients with chronic hepatitis C treated with a-interferon, normalization of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level for mcrre than six months was observed in 9 patients (31.0%), and defined as responder group. The 3 patients (10.3%) were defined as probable responder, because ALT levels fluctuated but wes normalized during the last 6 months. The 5 patients (17.2%) were defined as pobable ncn-mponder, because of persistent fluctuation of ALT levels during the last 6manths, which once were normalized but reelevated. In 12 patients (41.4%), there had never been a normalization of ALT level. The overall resporate was 41.1%. 4) The period of HBeAg seropositivity was 1.33 times longer than the period of seronegativity. The faster the seroconvmion, the more the tendency to be a respander for the patients with chronic hepatitis B. Conclusion: Interferon therapy may be effective in some cleonic viral hepatitis. (Korean J Hepatol 1997;6:241 251)


14552 Background: Resistance to transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is common in solid tumors. Alterations of TGF-beta biology in prostate cancer are complex, with a downregulation of this cytokine reported in early disease and upregulation of TGF-beta in advanced disease. Mechanisms of TGF-beta resistance in early disease are not well understood. We have investigated the function of TGF-beta receptor 3 (TGFBR3) to determine its role in prostate cancer.

METHODS
We undertook an analysis of the data in seven published DNA microarray studies of nonneoplastic prostate tissue versus prostate cancer specimens using oncomine. Of the genes we identified as known to be directly involved in the TGF-beta pathway, loss of TGFBR3 was most significantly associated with prostate cancer. We determined TGFBR3 expression in prostate cancer cell lines and the immortalized prostate epithelial cell line RWPE-1. To assess the consequences of loss of TGFBR3 expression, we created an shRNA construct and stably infected RWPE-1 cells. We analyzed gene expression changes by DNA microarray analysis and confirmed changes by Western Blot. We then searched TGFBR3 regulated genes based on our knockdown studies in the data set from the seven previously published studies. Furthermore, we evaluated the phenotypic consequences of TGFBR3 knockdown.

RESULTS
TGFBR3 expression was significantly lost in 6 of 7 microarray studies. TGFBR3 was downregulated in 3 of 4 of prostate cancer cell lines, compared with RWPE-1. DNA microarray analysis of TGFBR3 knockdown in RWPE-1 cells showed that expression of DPYSL3, Vimentin, COCH, SERPINF1, PMP22, LTBP1 and BMP4 were decreased both with TGFBR3 knockdown and in the transition to prostate cancer. Of these genes, vimentin expression was most dramatically downregulated in TGFBR3 knockdown cells and we showed that vimentin protein expression was completely lost. The phenotypic consequence of TGFBR3 knockdown in RWPE-1 cells was formation of colonies that appear to reflect loss of contact inhibition.

CONCLUSIONS
TGFBR3 is lost in prostate cancer. TGFBR3 knockdown leads to colony formation by immortalized prostate epithelial cells. Our data suggests that loss of TGFBR3 contributes to malignant transformation of the prostate. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


On the basis of lignite's characteristics of adsorbing water by pores,the paper puts forward the assumption that during the drying process liquid water migration can be ignored and the reducing of water is mainly resulted from evaporation out of coal particles.Based on this kinetics model of coal particles drying is established and is applied in Baorixile lignite drying experiment.The results show that it can be a simple and accurate simulation of the drying dynamic behavior.


Summary form only given. Managers must make decisions based on limited budgets on how best to protect their networks. Resources should be allocated across three different areas: Protect, Detect, and Response. Often what might seem as an obvious solution is not the best solution for resource allocation and networks. A model using logistic regression can help a manager determine the level of probability, based on the allocation of resources, organization objectives and certain attack characteristics that the network will be within an acceptable level of risk.


An object of this research is an influence of the polymer own noise to the quality of the reconstructing image depending on the hologram's thickness.


The inhibitory effect of salt stress on lettuce is one of the main reasons for the reduction of plant growth and crop productivity. In the present study, the response of two lettuce varieties Verte and Romaine to isoosmotic NaCl and Na 2 SO 4 treatments were examined. Both varieties were grown in pots containing nutrient Hoagland solution with or without 100 mM NaCl or 77 mM Na 2 SO 4 . Relative growth rate (RGR), hydraulic parameters, root ion content, proline and several antioxidant activities in roots were measured after 12 days of treatment. After prolonged exposure to salt stress, relative growth rate and water content of lettuce significantly decreased. Roots accumulated high level of Na + under both salts, whereas the accumulation of K + and Ca 2+ decreased. High level of Na + inside the cells inhibited the K + uptake and resulted in increased K + /Na + ratio. In addition, salt stress also caused an increase in the accumulation of proline. This result suggests that proline may play a crucial role in protecting lettuce under salt stress especially in response to Na 2 SO 4 treatment. Membrane damage estimated by electrolyte leakage (EL) increased especially in response to Na 2 SO 4 treatment in both varieties, but Verte had significantly lower EL relative to Romaine under 100 mM NaCl. A reduction in the activities of CAT in both varieties under 100 mM, and GPX activity in Verte under Na 2 SO 4 treatment coincided with an increase in H 2 O 2 level, indicative of cellular damage and a general depression of the antioxidant enzymatic system in lettuce roots. Keywords: Lettuce, NaCl, Na 2 SO 4 , RGR, mineral nutrition, antioxidant activities, proline


In the article the problem of the development of the creative abilities and professional thinking of students future designers is considered. The essence of the notion "creativity" is grounded, factors influencing creative thinking formation are revealed. The authors characterize new requirements for the quality of designers' professional training, reveal demands made to the development of fantasy creative process in design, identify the role of the course "Decorative Composition" as the main factor of the formation of the designer's creative potential and professionalism.


The co-teaching as a shared practice in which two teachers work together with groups of students sharing the planning, organization, delivery and assessment of instruction, as well as the physical space, represents a positive inclusive practice based on collaboration (Ghedin et al., 2013; Conderman et al., 2008; Nevin et al., 2009; Villa et al., 2004). Based on these statements, it became necessary to investigate the meanings and perceptions of teachers in order to bring out the ''collaborative ethos "(Rytivaara, 2012) that characterizes their daily practices. The research is an exploratory study aimed to investigate the teachers' perceptions of co-teaching (Ghedin et al., 2013; Friend & Cook, 2007; Murawski, 2003) from an ideal and a real point of view, considering these research questions: what is the importance given to the collaborative dimension in teaching? Which collaborative practices (co-planning, co-teaching, co-assessment) are predominantly implemented in teachers' daily work? Do exist differences in collaborative practices perceived and realized by curricular teachers and special education teachers in different school levels? Research results suggest paths of study to design training courses for teachers in order to implement collaborative practices in the classroom.


A detection scheme of spectrum sensing is discussed for cognitive radio with multiple receive antennas operating over a wideband channel composed of a multitude of sub bands. By taking the observations in all sub bands into consideration in the likelihood ratio test for sensing a sub band, the proposed scheme can provide better performance than other conventional schemes.


The anti‐oxidant efficacy, in vitro, of the gold compounds auranofin (AF) and gold sodium thiomalate (GST) was examined by studying their effects on the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using zymosan‐stimulated polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and a cell‐free, xanthine‐xanthine oxidase system. The oxygen species investigated were the superoxide radical anion (O2−) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the hydroxyl radical (OH·).


Microporous Metal-Organic Framework (MOF) adsorbents are considered an interesting option for hydrogen storage. Due to their porous nature and unusually high surface areas, these materials show an exceptional H2 uptake. Unfortunately, their interaction with H2 molecules is weak, so cryogenic temperatures are required to reach competitive H2 storage capacities. In this sense, the presence of coordinatively unsaturated and exposed metal centers in some MOF frameworks could increase the affinity for H2 through stronger metal-H2 interactions. In this preliminary work, the effect of doping a Zn-MOF-74 framework with Co, Cu and Mg on its adsorption properties for H2 has been studied. Characterization studies suggest that the samples prepared have actually the MOF-74 structure, in which the different tested heteroatom ions have been successfully incorporated. The differences in H2 adsorption at 77 K and 87 K between the MOF-74 samples doped with the mentioned divalent metal ions were discussed as a function of their free pore volume and amount of metal incorporation.


Crystallization and melting behavior of a commercial compatibilized blend of 40/60 wt% of polypropyrene/polyamide-6 (PP/PA-6), ORGALLOY R-6000 supplied by Atochem Inc., was studied at high pressures up to 500 MPa using a high pressure DTA. The Tm vs. P phase diagram of each component of the PP/PA-6 blend was obtained. It was found that melt crystallization of the PA-6 as matrix is depressed with increasing pressures above 300 MPa, and remarkably depressed at about 500 MPa. The inhibition of crystallization of the PA-6 at high pressure may be either due to a chemical interaction, probably graft copolymerization of the compatibilizer with the PA-6 or due to the strong constraints of crystallization of PA-6 by the compatibilizer distributed randomly inside the PA-6 matrix. Morphological and thermal properties of the pressure-crystallized blend samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry.


Abstract Various concentrations and contact periods of total residual chlorine affected the infectivity of Baculovirus penaei (BP) to larval shrimp Penaeus vannamei in a bioassay. Test shrimp were sampled 46 and 96 h after exposure to calcium hypochlorite-treated BP and examined by light microscopy for patent infections. The virus was completely inactivated by chlorine concentrations of 200 mg/L when treated for 1 h and by 1,600 mg/L when treated for as short as 20 s. Other concentrations and periods of contact either reduced the prevalence of infection or extended the prepatency period, but they did not inactivate all virus.


The existence of a two-vibron (amide-I quanta) bound state has been examined within the framework of a two-site realization of the Davydov model. The parameter space of the system is divided into two regions where the nature of pairing and the character of bound states are determined by the quite different physical mechanisms. The validity of the semiclassical approximation was discussed. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.


A single limit on the value of fixed assets for all commercial organizations, equal to forty thousand rubles and existed in accordance with the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation of December 24, 2010 № 186n in PBU 6/01 "Accounting for fixed assets" from January 1, 2011 in the new standard — FSBU 6/2020 "Property, plant and equipment" does not apply. Organizations themselves can determine such limits for their organizations, above which they will consider objects as fixed assets, and below which they will write off to expenses of the current period. The regulator also granted the reporting entities the right to switch to the new accounting procedure voluntarily from January 1, 2021, or, already on a mandatory basis, from January 1, 2022. The article examines, using an example, a retrospective and prospective transition to new individual limits for fixed assets from January 1, 2021.


UNLABELLED
After angioplasty, restenosis remains the major drawback of the procedure with an incidence of between 20-40%. It is a matter of concern whether the cellular alterations start immediately after directional atherectomy (DA) and if they are dependent on the depth of the lesion.

METHOD
Cellular alterations immediately after DA were investigated using peripheral atherectomy in normal vessels of 30 pigs (A. femoralis, A. carotis communis). DA was used to remove material. The arteries were assigned to two groups according to the depth of vessel injury. (Group 1: lesions to the intima; Group 2: lesions to the media.) 68 arteries with 41 intimal and 27 media lacerations were excised 4 to 24 hours later and processed for transmission electron microscopy, histology and immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS
Immediately after DA, thrombus formation at the site of the altered segment was found. A transient infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) occurred, especially if the media was lacerated, followed by the transformation of contractile smooth muscle cells (SMC) into the synthetic subtype. A marked myoproliferative response was found in Group 2 whereas only moderate tissue hyperplasia was seen in Group 1.

CONCLUSION
The present data provides evidence that cellular alteration of the atherectomized vessel begins immediately after atherectomy. Subsequent to the initial temporary PMN infiltration, an activation of local SMC occurs at a very early stage. These effects and, in particular, a myoproliferative response were found lesions injured the internal elastic membrane, while only minor effects were seen when the lesion affected the intimal layer.


It is first of all necessary to make it clear that job rotation does not involve the changing of the role of the head of Maths with the role of the head of English, or the Headteacher with a scale I probationer; rather it is about looking for and identifying certain cross-organisational and cross-curricular activities which can be rotated among staff. Many schools have already rotated tasks such as daily staff substitution or internal examination organisation, but this has been, we would


Earlier reports that diethyl 5-methylcyclo-oct-4-ene-1,1 -dicarboxylate was transformed into 5-methyl-9-oxobicyclo[3,3,1]non-3-ene-1-carboxylic acid by aqueous alkali and into 1 -hydroxymethyl-5-methylbicyclo [3,3,1]non-3-en-9-ol by reduction with lithium aluminium hydride are shown to be erroneous. These products arise from a bicyclic impurity formed by an acid-catalysed process.


A multipeak negative-differential-resistance(NDR) device which comprises a single-electron transistor (SET) and a metaloxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistor (MOSFET) can achieve infinite number of peaks in,principle. The MOS device eliminates the large SD voltage dependence of the peak and volley currents of the SET. The multipeak NDR device can be widely used in multiple-valued logics, and analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). We obtain a multiple-valued memory unit through the multipeak NDR device. And by using the folding I-V characteristic, a four-bit ADC is achieved. Compared with the traditional flash ADC, the SET-MOSFET ADC is very simple.


The present study comprised of 33'0 cases of infertility attending the outpatient section of the Department of Obstetries and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh. Only those cases were included where the semenograms of the male partners were normal. ABO blood grouping was done with high grouping sera and the final grouping was confirmed by matching the sera of the patients against known cells. Rhesus typing was done with the help of anti-D serum (Human) obtained from


1. Introduction 2. 'God Has Favored Our Undertaking': Explaining American Security and Strategic Culture 3. Oasis or Mirage? EU European Security and Strategic Culture 4. Combating Communism 'From the Abodes of Righteousness' 5. Naming Terror: US and European Counter-Terrorism Strategies Since the 1970s 6. Conclusion: Trans-Atlantic Security Cultures in Transition


There were easy breakdown computer,data lost and hard to networking shortages existed in the foreground and background mode microcomputer type fault oscillograph generally and widely applied in the coal mine electric power system.The paper introduced a design of the fault oscillograph of the separated type mine electric power system based on a "DSP+ARM".The fault oscillograph could separately installed in each substation and would have a stable operation,high reliability,rational hardware allocation,a high communication capacity and small volume advantages.


The way how to judge correctly, running and position-selecting in a competition for football referees is an important assurance for the ability of judging correctly and competition control.


Forearm surface electromyogram (sEMG) is a cumulative signal of the muscle contractions which leads to wrist and finger movement. In this study, we have collected six channels of sEMG from forearm muscles and touch forces at five fingertips simultaneously. Novel classification algorithms were then developed employing Time-Domain Auto-Regression (TD-AR), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), and Quadratic Models to predict finger motion and force from the forearm sEMG. The prediction models demonstrate high prediction accuracy and computational efficiency to estimate both the force and motion simultaneously. The models developed in this work provide a new approach for real time force and motion estimation in prosthetic limbs and other man-machine systems.


80% of the soils in these zones are barren, especially those of the savannas and "cerrados" where improved pasture establishment requires high levels of fertilizers and soil improvement. Rainfall is a limiting factor for pasture development, due to the unequal distribution throughout the year and the fact that the dry season can last for almost seven months, except in the humid forest area. There are dairy cattle in the region (3-11 cows/100 inhabitants) but, because of the low productivity (750-1700 litres/cow/year), large amounts of milk and milk products are imported.


The article describes the methodological ways, terms and standards in organization of integrative and student-centered approach. The article touches upon its level structure and major characteristics of the conceptual model.


Innovation is perceived as the key factor contributing to the economic prosperity of countries and regions. Endogenous growth models provide vast theoretical support for regarding technical progress as internal factor determining economic growth. The experience of developed countries proves positive impact of innovation on the growth of their GDP in the long term, on the other hand, many emerging economies search for the way of further transformation to support faster development. In this context, the analysis of innovation and business sophistication factor, as well as, GDP growth of selected emerging European economies, seems an interesting research area. The study's conclusions can contribute to the discussion of possible ways of further transformation of emerging economies of Central and Eastern Europe. #0#


Statement of the problem. In the process of designing architecture students continually use different vocabulary to describe the construction of structures, facilities and types of construction, not even knowing that modern terms before heard differently or have different initial values. This process is facilitated by the fact that the design methods changed and there were other building materials. Ukrainian building traditions have been unjustly forgotten because there is an urgent question about their recovery and study of the obsolete building vocabulary. Many terms have become obsolete, some acquired other meanings, some are still widely used in hata constructions villages of our country. The aim of the paper is to examine the state of using outdated building vocabulary in the current development of new technologies in construction. To achieve the outlined goals we set the following problem: find the original meaning of the words of a number of obsolete building vocabulary and outline acquired new significance; follow if the words that have disappeared from modern vocabulary of builders remained in features of Ukrainian hata constructions of XIX early XX century. Conclusions. 1. Until now in the Ukraine the term «hata» is the prevailing name of a house, although increasingly the terms «house» or «building» are used. 2. Apart from the dwelling a house had a porch. Siny uninhabited part of the peasant huts, which combines living space with a porch, stalls or divides the house into two halves. These features were present in our hallway, so such a thing as a «porch» was replaced with the word «hallway» by modern residents, but is still common in the villages of Ukraine. 3. Stelya houses sustained of longitudinal or transverse beams, called ceiling beam. They placed all sorts of flooring. Ceiling beam or otherwise dam functioned as the main beams of the ceiling, carrying most of the load. Word of Ukrainian origin, which is rooted word «mother». Later dam came to be called «ceiling beam» and then the word «ceiling bea» is out of use due to the use of the main beam as the building structure. 4.Eventually vocabulary changes because of using vanishes building vocabulary, used in ancient times. Of course, some words are still used in rural areas, and some even have a hope of being updated through the means of construction. But there is no reason to forget about them, it is -our history, our traditions. 5.Ukrainian accommodation is traditional for the Ukrainian people, and the items that were used in the construction were important not only as meaningful, but also symbolic. Do not forget that it was once the foundation of life for our ancestors, it is necessary to know the traditions of the nation.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a transmission system in which a transmission error eternally disturbs the system. SOLUTION: Cell arrival is registered on a local register CAR, and the registrations are periodically transmitted to a central station. The central station transmits allowable codes to various local stations. In each local station, a data cell is transferred from a cell arrival buffer CAB to a cell departure buffer CDB as long as it is decided that an allowable code that is predicted by the station is generated in the near future based on the number of time slots from the cell arrival. The data cell remains in the buffer as long as an allowable code that is addressed to the station is not accepted. The data cell is transmitted after the allowable code is accepted. However, the data cell is immediately discarded if it remains in the buffer when an empty (non address) allowable code is accepted. COPYRIGHT: (C)1996,JPO


─ We present the design and simulation results of an integrated wavelength demultiplexer. The device's major components, which include the Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) etched diffraction grating and waveguide integrated InP/InGaAs MSM photodetectors are discussed in detail. The Silicon-on-insulator diffraction grating is fabricated using standard CMOS processes. The photodetectors are integrated on top of the SOI waveguide circuitry using benzocyclobutene (BCB) as a bonding agent. This integration can be done using wafer scale processing technologies, which is important to increase reliability and decrease cost. The photo-spectrometer-on-a-chip can be used as an optical channel monitor in modern wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) telecommunications networks: it provides real-time information on system performance at the optical layer. Another application is liquid or gas sample identification based on infrared spectroscopy.


Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is an uncommon condition. It may vary in its presentation from very mild symptomatology, suggestive of a viral illness, to a very acute form with a fulminant course. Early diagnosis and treatment can make the difference between the development of hepatic failure requiring a transplant, and the sparing of hepatic function. The case presented here is that of a patient with a mild initial presentation but with an acute progression. The presentation as well as the management of this case is discussed.


Modern transformation of academic falsehood verification in China from study things to cognize them to presume bravely and verify carefully shows not only the necessity of personal attempt to verify academic falsehood, but also the necessity of Chinese transformation of academic falsehood verification. To know its value in academic theory, we should start with Hu Shis personal attempt and objectively appraise it academically.


Effects of six metallic elements on inosine fermentation by Bacillus subtilis were investigated in shaking culture. The inosine yield of B. subtilis JSIM1019 was increased by adding low concentration of MnSO_4,Na_2MoO_4 and CoCl_2, and inhibited by adding CuSO_4, LiCl and ZnSO_4. It was remarkable for Mn 2+ to enhance the biosynthesis of inosine of strains JSIM1019, NT40 and HSD116, but different chemical valence of Mn had different effect. MnCl_2 and MnSO_4 increased productivity of inosine. MnSO_4 was better than MnCl_2. However, K_2MnO_4 showed little effect. The positive effect on the mutation strains of higher production ability decreased relatively.


Submitted for the MAR05 Meeting of The American Physical Society Modeling studies of induced internal transmembrane potentials and molecular motors in live cells VIJAYANAND VAJRALA, University of Houston, JAMES CLAYCOMB, Houston Baptist University, JOHN MILLER, University of Houston — Many cellular functions, including motility and receptor regulation, can be affected by applied electric fields, which perturb the transmembrane potentials across the plasma, mitochondrial, and nuclear membranes. We use the finite element method (FEM) to model the electromagnetic responses of the cell, cytoplasm, and intracellular membranes. In addition, we utilize Brownian ratchet models of molecular motors, notably the F0 subunit of ATP synthase, in order to interpret recently observed nonlinear response data. This remarkable molecular turbine is driven by the potential across the mitochondrial inner membrane. Induced changes in potentials across the plasma and mitochondrial membranes, exposed to various applied field amplitudes and frequencies, are studied in detail. The spatial variations of the transmembrane potentials are modeled for spheroidal, weakly conducting membrane shells enclosing a conductive cytoplasm with internal organelles. The modeling studies discussed here are compared to nonlinear harmonic response measurements of live cells.


Improve breeding technique of Amlina ram of Australia,and raise breeding 30 times,reduce cost,speed up sheep cross breeds through feed management,selected fit dilute semen.


FIELD: regulation of hot and/or cold rolling processes. SUBSTANCE: method involves setting rolling program for rolling process control system, with program involving data on initial and final sizes, material characteristics, rolling temperatures etc. Control system has units for controlling predetermined values of subordinate, preferably free, individual devices for regulating variable functional parameters of separate stands of rolling mill, for instance, rolling force, rotational speed, roll position etc. Method further involves conducting calculations by model equation on the basis of prepared and statistically processed, process variable measured values; adapting parameters to actual parameters and determining predetermined values of regulators. In case changes in rolling process requirements occur, particularly, when manual mode is changed for automatic mode, or when final thickness and/or temperature are varied, adaptation of parameters is effectuated, with set values used prior to changes in requirements, being employed as basis for adaptation. EFFECT: increased efficiency and improved quality of rolled products. 3 cl, 2 dwg


According to mineralogical and chemical characteristics of cobalt-rich crust samples from the west Pacific ocean,the reagent formula used in common nickel sulfide fire assay preconcentration for PGE analysis were modified.The background of the procedure for PGEs was improved remarkably by reducing the quantity of the collector of carbonyl nickel powder.Ru,Rh,Pd,Ir and Pt was determined by ICP-MS with~(175)Lu as internal standard.Os was determined by isotope dilution-ICPMS.The method has been verified by determination of PGEs in National Standard Reference samples(GBW 07290 and GBW 07291)with satisfactory results.


Patients with abnormalities of gait are frequently encountered in the practice of medicine. Although their clinical appearances have been described extensively, the use of objective, instrumental recording methods for a quantitative evaluation of the biomechanical factors involved and of the corrective measures applied is relatively recent. Most of the studies carried out have been directed a t the normal person and the patient with various orthopedic disabilities. Of recent investigators, Steindler and Schwartz and their associatesl-ll especially must be commended for their work. Schwartz and Heath3 reviewed the status of the study of gait up to 1932, and their paper is worth examination. More recently the patient with neurological disease has been investigated.12-14 The force plate, an instrument designed especially for the analysis of gait patterns, is now available and seems to have extremely valuable potentials. Devised by Elftman15 in 1938, it has grown into a complex apparatus for measuring the ground reactions developed during walking, that is the forces developed during the period of contact of the lower extremity with the ground during the stance phase. Simultaneously, using an interrupted-light camera similar to that developed by Marey,16 a stroboscopic photograph of the test subject can be obtained for the period during which the ground reactions are recorded. This photograph records the relative positions of the various segments of the lower extremity to each other and in space throughout the walking cycle. The joint moments, that is, the angular forces developed a t the joints, can be calculated by correlating the ground reactions with the exact position of the limb a t that time. By means of the electromyograph, a 16-lead recording oscillograph, the electrical potentials generated in 7 of the most important muscle groups in the lower extremity are recorded. This establishes the pattern of muscular activity during both the stance and swing phases of gait. These methods have been employed extensively in the study of amputees and are directed primarily a t the design and perfection of artificial lower limbs that will duplicate the gait characteristics of the normal indi~idua1. l~~ 8 The methods are potentially useful, however, for the study of any gait aberration. In the practice of neurology and rehabilitation, the patient with hemiplegia presents probably the most common and serious medical, social, and economic


Today the use of polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells in mobile and stationary applications represents a promising alternative to fossil energies. However, there are a number of challenges for technology introduction, including optimization of water and air management, cost reduction, and most importantly, increase of durability and reliability. Experimental activities provide evidence concerning the behavior of fuel cells under specific operating conditions. However, it is always difficult
to derive conclusions about the origin of the phenomena one can observe due to the complexity of this system. Therefore, over the last years, Franco et al. and Bessler et al. developed novel modeling approaches of physical electrochemistry based on non-equilibrium thermodynamics and elementary
kinetics [1-3]. By modeling the vicinity of the catalyst surface where electrochemical reactions occur, and by calculating the potential in each electrode, the models permit to calculate at a given working current the corresponding cell potential.
Our work presented here comes in the continuity of our previous work [4]. We are modeling the feedback between chemical degradation of the membrane and transport properties. For that, we simulate the permeation of oxygen through the membrane leading to the formation of water peroxide at the interface anode/membrane. This peroxide can initiate the formation of aggressive radicals in the membrane which attack the membrane and lead to a modification of transport parameters. Because of the lack of kinetic and thermodynamic data for the elementary reactions, these values
were fitted to experimental measurements. This was performed for the chemical production rate of H2O2 at the anode as well as for the degradation of the membrane side-chain. The simulations allow drawing conclusions regarding the localization of degradation in the membrane thickness by analyzing
the sulfonate group concentration profile. Furthermore, the impact of the concentration of Fenton ions on the global degradation of the membrane was investigated.


The invention discloses a method for implementing private call service, and aims to implement the private call service in trunking communication after the circuit domain core network is structured with call control and bearing separation. The method comprises: when the calling terminal and the called terminal are positioned in the same one cell, establishing a public access termination and a context containing the public access termination, connecting the public access termination with the calling terminal and called terminal respectively, and establishing a public access termination loop back when the media gateway can support the loop-back mode; when the he calling terminal and the called terminal are positioned in different cells, establishing the bearing from the calling terminal to the called terminal when the media gateway can support the loop-back mode. The invention also discloses a mobile switching center server and a mobile switching center. Additionally, the invention specifically discloses bearing control flows during the private call establishment process, speech right switching process, calling cell switching process, and called cell reelection process.


Our objective is to develop a privately funded Automated People Mover system preferably in an underground tunnel between the central downtown Mayo Clinic Campus and the remote St. Mary's Hospital with opportunities for various future extensions. Underground People Movers are rare due to typically prohibitive costs. Therefore, it is a unique opportunity to demonstrate an innovative design approach that will make this system affordable. The alignments and operational scenarios for the transit system must reflect a compromise between overall rider convenience, medical complex image, and the required level of investment. This approach requires a uniquely creative transportation solution as there are multiple desired destinations within the Mayo campus, various parking facilities, and also downtown Rochester. The project is in the engineering phase.


Induction motors are widely used in the industry. However, due to their involved mathematical models those depend on difficult to measure parameters such as leakage inductance. Therefore, simplified model approximations are usually used instead. In this paper, a system identification method based on auto regressive moving average (ARMA) models and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) concept has been employed to identify and predict the behavior of a squirrel cage induction motor. The motor transfer function is identified online using an impulse input. Then, the identified model response is compared to the real system response with different input signals. Results show that the model used follows the real system response with good accuracy.


It is striking that one of the most consequential representatives of [the] abstract scientific orientation of the seventeenth century [Thomas Hobbes] became so personalistic. This is because as a juristic thinker he wanted to grasp the reality of societal life just as much as he, as a philosopher and a natural scientist, wanted to grasp the reality of nature.... [J]uristic thought in those days had not yet become so overpowered by the natural sciences that he, in the intensity of his scientific approach, should unsuspectingly have overlooked the specific reality of legal life. Carl Schmitt, Political Theology (1922) In the light of Hobbes's natural science, man and his works become a mere phantasmagoria. Through Hobbes's natural science, "the native hue" of his political science "is sicklied o'er with the pale cast" of something which is reminiscent of death but utterly lacks the majesty of death—of something which foreshadows the positivism of our day. It seems then that if we want to do justice to the life which vibrates in Hobbes's political teaching, we must understand that teaching by itself, and not in the light of his natural science. Can this be done?² Leo Strauss, "On the Basis of Hobbes's Political Philosophy" (1959)


divergent findings resulting from identifying the life course of explicit racial preferences. Baron and Banaji's work indicated that the level of implicit bias and racial preference stays about the same during a life span,2 a view supported by others.3 Aboud's classic 1980 look at explicit racial preferences showed a surprising difference, with racial preferences decreasing over time from an initial assessment of 6-yearolds.4 These papers underscore the key distinction between implicit and explicit biases, a distinction necessary for clinicians to understand in order to grasp the role of implicit bias.


In this letter, the structural properties and sensing performances of TiN sensing films deposited on a n+-type Si through the reactive DC sputtering method with rapid thermal annealing at a wide temperature range of 200 °C to 800 °C were investigated for extended-gate field-effect transistor (EGFET) pH sensors. We used X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy to study the structural characteristics of these films. These TiN EGFET sensors exhibited almost the same sensing performances, such as pH sensitivity ~58 mV/pH), hysteresis voltage ~2 mV), and drift rate (~0.45 mV/h), indicating that they contained similar or identical in the film composition and surface roughness.


Background: Fetal tachyarrhythmias may result in low cardiac output and death. Consequently, treatment is offered to most affected pregnancies. We compared 3 commonly used drugs in controlling feta...


Both fluorine and ester substituted monothiophene yielded a novel thiophene derivative FE-T. The resulting polymer donor S1 enabled single-junction non-fullerene solar cell with over 16% efficiency.


Collagen fibers from rat tail tendons were either soaked in acid phosphate and dried, or dried without phosphate washing, and the solubility, breaking time, and polymer composition of the soluble fraction were studied. Phosphate washing resulted in an increased solubility, decreased breaking time, and an increase in non-cross linked components, suggesting that cleavage of cross links in the collagen molecule had occurred.The breaking times of collagen fibers that had been subjected to various combinations of sodium borohydride and acid phosphate soaking, were measured. Sodium borohydride protected the collagen fibers from the action of acid phosphate, suggesting that acid phosphate acts by inducing cleavage of the labile form of the lysine derived aldehyde type cross link whilst not affecting the stable form of the bond.


Upsurge in the ecological district planning has already come after the ecological city planning,eco-industry parks and the ecological community planning.Ecological district,as one part of the eco-city,has its own characteristics.What is the difference in the index system between the ecological district and the eco-city.This paper sets up the ecological district index system on the basis of the oveasea and domestic cities ecological index systems.In order to level the development degree of the ecological district,this paper constructs an evaluated index system and an evaluated standard system.


The paper presents a brief overview of rock art sites known to date on the territory of Gansu Province in north-western China. Petroglyphs have been discovered in all parts of the province, most of them concentrate in the north-western and central parts of the region. Over the past decades, a significant number of rock art sites has been found in the eastern and south-eastern parts of Gansu, but many materials from this territory have not yet been published or were published in hard-to-get local periodicals, quite often without any illustrations. The purpose of this article is to fill the lacuna in the rock art studies of this part of China through the generalization of all available data on Gansu petroglyphs and listing the rock art sites known to date. Petroglyphs of Gansu can be generally attributed to the northern province of Chinese rock art. The techniques used to produce images include percussion (pecking), abrasion (scratching or rubbing) and engraving, no painted images have been discovered so far. At the same time, pronounced differences between rock art sites in different parts of the province can be observed: the sites in the north-western and central parts of the region have obvious similarities with the rock art traditions of Xinjiang, Qinghai, Tibet and (to a lesser degree) Inner Mongolia, while the petroglyphs of eastern and south-eastern parts of Gansu are close to the rock art of Ningxia, Inner Mongolia and partly to the petroglyphs of Jucishan in Henan Province.


We study the inducement of passive nonlinear sinks in linear vibrating systems. These are substructures that absorb vibrational energy in a one-way, irreversible fashion. The systems considered are composed of strongly coupled, grounded damped linear oscillators with a strongly nonlinear attachment at the end. Applying a complex averaging technique we derive a set of modulation equations that is directly amenable to physical interpretation, and provides insight into the energy pumping phenomenon. For the case of a two DOF system we show that nonlinear energy pumping occurs when a certain frequency of envelope modulation crosses through zero; then the dynamics of the envelope modulation of the motion resemble the dynamics of a forced rigid body. For the case of an impulsively loaded multi-DOF chain with a nonlinear attachment at the end, we show that after some initial transients the response of the nonlinear attachment sets to a motion dominated by a fast frequency identical to the lower bound of the propagation zone of the linear chain. This feature reduces the study of energy pumping in the chain to a two DOF equivalent problem. The applications of the energy pumping phenomenon to practical engineering problems are discussed.