The valuation of many financial securities can be formulated as high-dimensional integrals for which quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) methods are becoming indispensable numerical tools. It is known that some typical high-dimensional problems in finance and in many other fields have a strong additive nature. This paper investigates the enhancement of QMC methods by exploiting the additive approximation in combination with suitable transformation methods. To this end, we study (a) the approximation of a multivariate function by a sum of one-dimensional functions; and (b) the effective use of the possible strong additive property inherent in finance problems to enhance QMC. For problem (a), we establish a relationship between the approximation quality resulting from anchored decomposition and the global sensitivity indices. For problem (b), we propose new methods for efficiency improvement—the additive weighted uniform sampling and the additive control variate, which exactly exploit the strong additive structure. The required importance distribution and control variate are found constructively based on the anchored additive approximation with a suitably chosen anchor. Numerical examples on bond valuation and option pricing illustrate that the proposed methods reduce the variance by huge factors in QMC. Transformation methods play a crucial role, since they may enhance the degree of additivity of a function. Traditional methods, such as Brownian bridge and principal component analysis, do not necessarily work well, whereas methods that take into account the underlying functions are robust and powerful.


where ,B is an ordinal, and where at for every t <,3 is likewise an ordinal. We shall call ,B the argument of the sum (I). The summands of (I) need not be all distinct; the cardinal number of times that a given ordinal appears as a summand of (I) may be called the multiplicity of that summand. The set of all distinct summands of a sum, each with its multiplicity, may be called the system of summands. We shall use the notation S[aI a, ,3f b, ] to denote a system S of summands, indicating that the ordinal a is used a times as a summand, where a is a cardinal number, and so on. By the class-number of an ordinal A we shall mean the aleph K, such that the power of an ordered set of type 13 is equal to K, (if co, is an initial ordinal, its class-number will thus be K,). A system S of summands will be called appropriate to a given ordinal , if the system can be arranged over ,B into a sum of type (I). In order that S be appropriate to 13, it is obviously necessary (and sufficient) that the sum of the multiplicities of the different summands of S be equal to the classnumber of A. Let S be a system of summands appropriate to the ordinal 13, and let


OBJECTIVE:To determine the dissolution rate of daidzein solid dispersion capsules by HPLC.METHODS:Chromatographic separation was performed on Hypersil C18 column and mobile phase consisted of water-acetonitrile(70∶30)at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1.The detection wavelength was set at 249 nm and the column temperature was kept at 30 ℃.The rotating baslcet method according to Chinese Pharmacopoeia was used to detect the dissolution rate.RESULTS:The linear range of daidzein was 1.0~10.0 mg·mL-1(r=0.999 8)with its average recovery at 100.12 %(RSD=1.65%).The dissolution rates of 3 batches of the samples at 45 min were all above 90.0%.CONCLUSION:This method is sensitive,accurate and specific,and it is suitable for the determination of the dissolution rate of daidzein solid dispersion capsules.


The invention relates to an NCM-based cathode active material by a method of reproducing playback to recover the NCM-based positive electrode active material in the environment-friendly and economical way from waste lithium ion battery comprising a positive electrode active material and the NCM-based method. The method comprising a method of recovering the NCM-based positive electrode active material from waste lithium ion battery according to the invention, separating the positive electrode active material from waste lithium ion battery comprising a (a) NCM-based cathode active material; (B) a separate positive electrode active material comprising: a leaching leachate containing malic acid; (c) to the positive electrode active material was added to the oxalic acid to the leaching leachate to form a Ni (d) forming a Ni And (e) a Ni


Disclosed is to prevent the syringe is re-used, relates to a disposable safety syringe comprising automatically retractable needle. A The syringe is has established end piece 7 for coupling the needle 12 at one end, it anymore one end, to introduce a piston 4 having a sealing gasket 5 inside thereof comprising a cylindrical body open to allow. The principal features of this invention, the piston 4 above, after delivery of the injection solution, then engages the needle 12, and is provided engages means for retracting the needle.


The utility model relates to the field of display technology and discloses a touch screen and a display screen separating device. The separating device comprises a base station, a heating device, a saw wire, a first suction device and a second suction device and a mutual moving mechanism, wherein the heating device is used for heating and softening glue between the touch screen and a display screen; the saw wire at least can move in a reciprocating manner along the contact boundary of the touch screen and the display screen and is used for separating the touch screen and the display screen initially; the first suction device and the second suction device are respectively used for sucking and fixing the touch screen and the display screen and separating the touch screen and the display screen; the mutual moving mechanism is used for enabling the saw wire to move in the direction of being perpendicular to the contact boundary of the touch screen and the display screen relative to the touch screen and the display screen. According to the touch screen and the display screen separating device, the saw wire is utilized to move between the touch screen and the display screen in a reciprocating manner, so as to initially separate the display screen from the touch screen, and then the touch screen and the display screen are separated through the suction devices, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the display screen and the touch screen cannot be damaged easily, and the touch screen and the display screen can be successfully separated.


We report results on the interfacial viscoelasticity and foaming of solutions of a thermoresponsive polymer (poly-n-isopropylacrylamide) with and without added surfactants, and as a function of temperature. With pure polymer solution, a clear transition is evidenced: both interfacial shear and dilational rheology shift from a fluid-like to a solid-like behavior at a well-defined temperature. The high temperature regime shows that the layer shares many features with soft glassy systems. At all temperatures, the foaming is low and the foam produced is unstable. Adding a surfactant not only helps to foam and to stabilize the foam, but also removes the thermal responsivity of the interfacial viscoelasticity. Under the conditions used here, we observe that the surfactant concentration threshold for altering the high temperature interfacial viscoelasticity is low, and is of the order of 1% of the surfactant critical micelle concentration. It turns out to be very different from critical values for the polymer–surfactant association found previously by structural studies (in bulk and at interface), and also below the threshold value required to stabilize the foam.


* On this subject papers were read by author: 1) on October 9th, 1953, at the Scientific Meeting of the American Hungarian Medical Ass'n, Academy of Medicine Bldg., New York; 2) on February 10th, 1954 at the Clinical Meeting of the New York Cardiological Society, at the King's County Medical Society's Bldg., Brooklyn, and 3) at the Clinical Meeting of the Lexington Hosptial, New York, on April 14th, 1954. Raudixin, the pulverized dried root of Rauwolfia Serpentina, Benth has been released to the medical profession over ten months ago. The observations and experiences gathered during this period should permit formulation of definite opinion concerning the therapeutic value of this drug. Its effectiveness becomes


information; more than half (31) reported that they would be willing to display antitobacco ads. Only 1 of the 61 stores surveyed had a sign posted as required by New York state law, stating that it is il legal to sell tobacco products to anyone under 18 years of age. When questioned about their reason for selling tobacco prod ucts, the majority of owners or managers indicated that tobacco was sold primarily as a traffic builder, not for profit. Owners or managers of chain convenience stores selling gasoline, however, were more likely to report that their primary reason was profit. Two-thirds of store owners or managers reported receiving monetary incentives to display to bacco ads. Those who said their store sold tobacco products main ly for profit were significantly more likely to report receiving monetary incentives to display ads com pared with those who said the products were sold primarily as a traffic builder. In many stores space availabili ty is a barrier to displaying antito bacco information. Consequently, health educators should consider designing materials that have some utility for the proprietor. For example, antismoking messages could be displayed on posters that allow the store to list hours or pro vide directional information (e.g., IN and OUT signs). Antitobacco messages could also be displayed on checkout dividers, checkout mats, shopping carts, shopping bages, and milk cartons. It is reasonable to consider es tablishing guidelines for the re sponsible advertising of tobacco products in retail outlets. Such guidelines might limit advertise ments to a "tombstone" format, re strict the location of product dis plays so that they are not accessi ble to children (e.g., behind the counter and away from candy and snack items), limit participation in promotions, ban the sale of relat ed nontobacco products (candy cigarettes, toys) that might appeal to children, and encourage stores to display antitobacco information. Guidelines restricting the place ment of tobacco and liquor bill boards were recently adopted by the Outdoor Advertising Associa tion of America in response to pressure from citizen groups. With enhanced awareness of the ubiq uity of tobacco advertising in retail stores, citizen groups might be or ganized to establish community standards encouraging retail pro prietors to adopt more responsible policies related to the advertising and sale of tobacco products. Adapted and excerpted from Pub lic Health Rep 1991 ; 106:570-5.


This paper explores the Evaluation strategies in the critical evaluation part of English academic book review by making an ATTITUDE analysis from the perspective of Appraisal Theory.A text and statistical analysis of the types and subtypes of Attitude resources in 10 sample book reviews chosen at random from two leading journals of linguistics and one famous website of linguistics shows that the reviewers' strategies of evaluation mainly lie in their careful manipulation of the frequency of different types and subtypes of Attitude resources and of the correlation between inscribed/tokens of Attitude and positive/negative Attitude.These strategies on the one hand help the reviewer foreground his authorial authority and put his authentic judgment through,and on the other hand make the review objective and polite sounding and thus contribute to the alignment of prospective readers.


Zenia insignis seedlings were cultivated on matrixes with yellow soil as the basis,supplementing varied portion of coco peat,pond silt,calcium superphosphate and calcium magnesium phosphate,to identify the suitable mix for the seedling growth.The results showed that growth of the container seedlings were significantly influenced by the matrixes.A comprehensive evaluation of the main growth indexes suggested that the most suitable matrix consist of 60% coco peat,30% pond silt,0.25% calcium magnesium phosphate and 1.0% calcium superphosphate.


The business results and financial status of the enterprise are all embodied by the accounting archives information. To
ensure the authenticity of the accounting archives information can to a certain extent ensure the correctness of the state economic
policy and the overall development strategy of the organization. However, for now, the distortion of accounting information in our
country has become the norm. Especially for some listed companies, in order to obtain considerable economic benefits through
listing, they go astray to violate the accounting standards. The specific performance is mainly accounting vouchers , Accounting
books to financial reporting information distortion three types of circumstances. In-depth analysis and exploration of these three
situations at the same time, standing in the background of the accounting profession, the management of listed companies and
other aspects of the in-depth study of listed companies accounting information file distortion of the specific reasons.


The rock blast test at the tiny interval of different time shows that the e ffective crush is not directly the folding of the stress wave,but stays behind the intersect,folding and cu tting of the stress wave.The form and devel-opment of the blast hole cracking is t he main reason which leads to the effe ctive crush.


This paper aims to provide a rich and updated information on certain aspects regarding the necessity of establishing of lavender crops, to highlight the large palette of use the products, which can be obtained from this plant and not least, the material benefits. The paper is addressed to specialists, farmers, to the family associations, highlighting the most important aspects to obtain quality products, and under favorable economic conditions.


Many advances in the field of bioassessment have focused on approaches for objectively selecting the pool of reference sites used to establish expectations for healthy waterbodies, but little emphasis has been placed on ways to evaluate the suitability of the reference-site pool for its intended applications (e.g., compliance assessment vs ambient monitoring). These evaluations are critical because an inadequately evaluated reference pool may bias assessments in some settings. We present an approach for evaluating the adequacy of a reference-site pool for supporting biotic-index development in environmentally heterogeneous and pervasively altered regions. We followed common approaches for selecting sites with low levels of anthropogenic stress to screen 1985 candidate stream reaches to create a pool of 590 reference sites for assessing the biological integrity of streams in California, USA. We assessed the resulting pool of reference sites against 2 performance criteria. First, we evaluated how well the reference-site pool represented the range of natural gradients present in the entire population of streams as estimated by sites sampled through probabilistic surveys. Second, we evaluated the degree to which we were successful in rejecting sites influenced by anthropogenic stress by comparing biological metric scores at reference sites with the most vs fewest potential sources of stress. Using this approach, we established a reference-site pool with low levels of human-associated stress and broad coverage of environmental heterogeneity. This approach should be widely applicable and customizable to particular regional or programmatic needs.


In the past, mechanical properties have been the main criteria for selecting materials at the Miravalles Geothermal Field. Consideration of the corrosion resistance has been a secondary concern. The goal of this study was to determine the uniform corrosion rate of carbon steels currently used on pipelines (ASTM A 53, ASTM A515, ASTM A234 and API-5L) and compare this rate with the ASTM A-36 standard. The first step was the development of laboratory electrochemical and weight loss experiments. Ultrasonic thickness measurements of pipes for brine, steam and liquid-steam lines, in both straight and curve sections, showed negligible lost in material over the seven year period they have been on operation. The electrochemical study involved polarization curve analysis and corrosion rate measurements by Linear Polarization Resistance (LPR) and Electrochemical Noise Measurements (ENM). Electrochemical cells include triple and conventional testers (SCE as reference and platinum electrode as auxiliary) using brine degassed with nitrogen at 93 ± 2 oC. According to the results, the ASTM-A36 has a similar general corrosion rate to those currently used on pipelines.


Evaluation of testicular toxicity during drug development is currently based on histopathological evaluation. A sensitive biomarker for testicular toxicology could provide an in-life and "early warning" measurement. Previous studies suggested that disruption of spermatogenesis induced leakage of germ cell proteins from seminiferous tubules (STs) into interstitial fluid (IF); such proteins have potential for use as biomarkers. To investigate this possibility further, adult male rats were treated with three testicular toxicants thought to have differing sites of action; cadmium chloride affects the blood-testis barrier (BTB), methoxyacetic acid (MAA) disrupts pachytene spermatocytes, and 1,3-dinitrobenzene (DNB) targets Sertoli cells. IF proteins were assessed by Coomassie-based dye-stained gels. Immunostaining was used to identify toxicant-induced damage (DAZL) and BTB integrity (ZO-1, occludin, N-cadherin, and β-catenin) and function (biotin). Cadmium chloride induced dose-dependent leakage of proteins from STs into IF coincident with loss of integrity and function of the BTB. Two of the "leaked" proteins were identified on Westerns as being germ cell specific, namely VASA and fatty acid–binding protein 9 (FABP9). In contrast, similar protein leakage was not evident after either MAA-induced or DNB-induced disruption of spermatogenesis and neither of these treatments affected BTB integrity or function. These results suggest that loss of BTB integrity is required for germ cell–specific proteins to leak from STs into IF, implying that use of such biomarkers has very limited potential for noninvasive monitoring of compound-induced disruption to spermatogenesis.


This text is a critical study of the "New Perspective", which can be traced back mainly to E.P. Sanders and which has gained increasing acceptance among New Testament scholars in the past three decades as an interpretation of Paul. Its theory that the way in which Luther and other Reformers understood Paul was based on fundamental misunderstandings and misinterpretations is analyzed by the author with regard to its exegetical capacity and the understanding of Luther which it assumes and proven to be deficient and misleading in both respects. Even if Paul was certainly "no Luther before Luther" (Raisanen), there is a fundamental concurrence between the two of them.


Central to the Smart Growth movement is that compact development reduces vehicle miles traveled, carbon emissions, and water use. Empirical efforts to evaluate compact development have examined residential densities but have not distinguished decreasing lot sizes from multifamily apartments as mechanisms for compact development. Efforts to link design features to water use have emphasized single-family at the expense of multifamily housing. This study isolates the determinants of water use in large (more than fifty units) apartment complexes in the city of Tempe, Arizona. In July 2007, per bedroom water use increased with pool area, dishwashers, and in-unit laundry facilities. We are able to explain nearly 50 percent of the variation in water demand with these variables. These results inform public policy for reducing water use in multifamily housing structures, suggesting strategies to construct and market "green" apartment units.


There is an exploration of public policy's goal from the perspectives of system ethics,ethical evaluation,ethical selection mode in contemporary western countries.Based on these ideas,the author points out that we should establish the ethical principle of the integration of care,efficiency and justice when considering the public policy's goal,which includes six procedures.They are:to establish the comprehensive public interests of decision goal,ethical requirements and system regulations of the decision-maker,ethical evaluation of the decision environment,to encourage the interest involvers to be extensive participation,to control and criticize decision-making(procession),to concern the moral satisfactory standards of decision goal.


Dendritic segregation in deformed samples remains in the form of band structure, which is a high-strained region. The present work investigates the effect of the uphill diffusion process, occurring during deformation, on the dissolution of carbide particles in the band structure. A series of hot compression tests are performed on the cast structure of bearing steel by using a hydraulic testing machine, MTS 810. Cylindrical specimens are deformed in a temperature range of 800°C to 900°C and at strain rates of 5s-1 and 0.5s-1. In order to eliminate the recovery process, samples are immediately quenched after the compression. The microsegregation of Cr, Mo, Mn and Si are investigated in the band structure, which shows a tendency of uphill diffusion during deformation process. The results show that the volume fraction of carbides varies with the increased straining. The results also show that deformation causes the fragmentation, dispersion of pearlite in the dendrites and the dissolution of spheroidized carbides in the band structure.


ABSTRACT Unsustainable dependence on natural resources combined with the absence of strict regulation and political stability have battered the environment of Lebanon. Examining the work of Ricardus Haber, we analyse how local institutional arrangements have shaped policy outcomes in a mostly top-down, politicised context. Lack of political will and communication between different sectors, institutional deficiencies and embedded corruption hinder effective governance of natural resources. The Lebanese environmental movement has failed to build on Haber's early success but, if we have peace, there are still opportunities for networking with policymakers, increasing incentives and creating a better participatory platform for stakeholders.


Bioethanol is produced by the alcoholic fermentation process of sugar-containing, starchy and cellulosic raw materials. Its use as an alternative fuel (biofuel) could significantly contribute in air pollution reduction.
Considerable amount of research has been carried out to develop new, highly efficient fermentation processes. One such area that has received great attention has been the use of immobilized cell systems. In the present study, we investigated the perspective to use two new natural materials as carriers for yeast cell immobilization. These materials are loofa sponge, obtained from the matured dried fruit of Luffa cylindrica and fragments of the stalk of Arundo donax (cane).
All batch fermentations that carried out in the presence of carriers, had enhanced productivities (even 100% increase related to the fermentations without the carrier). This was more intense at high sugar densities (18 oBe). The positive effect of the carriers showed significant viability, when the same carriers were used in repeated batch fermentations. Cell immobilization on the carriers, was confirmed after observation in Scanning Electron Microscope. Carrier's surface was covered by layers of biocatalyst (biofilm).
Consequently, it was demonstrated that both loofa and cane, assemble enough advantages in order to constitute an effective suggestion, to improve the alcohol production technology.


This article systematically reviews the research backgrounds and trends of lead free and easy-to-be-cut bismuth-brass.The microstructure and comprehensive performance of brass alloy affected by lead and its alternative element bismuth is compared.Some hot research areas,including composition optimization of bismuth brass alloy,diffusion and segregation of Bi in Cu grain boundaries,corrosion resistance improvement of bismuthbrass.Some suggestions are put forward on the research prospect of bismuth brass.


Selecting a career profession is one of the important yet confusing decision for the students and their parents. With the plenty of career options and its subdivisions available in the professional line, there is a high possibility of choosing and implementing a wrong choice according to the educational and personal traits of the student, which can lead to unhappy and stressful life. So, choosing a right career path for the student at the right age is very important for their lives. This paper mainly concentrates on the career area prediction of computer science domain candidates. This system is a part of a web application called EduSys. It is in learning module system's quiz section for Computer Science Engineers. These kinds of career recommender systems help students in picking the job role based on his/her performance and academic records. The quiz is designed based on the academic as well as personal traits having 36 parameters in total, which helps in suggesting the future career paths to students through machine learning analysis using different algorithms.


ANTECEDENTS
Positive psychologists claim to have demonstrated a causal relationship between happiness and life success, with the former accounting for why people usually end up better off in life than others, especially at workplace.

METHOD
In this paper we will analyse the role that happiness-based repertoires and techniques provided by positive psychologists are playing in the current labor sphere.

RESULTS
Positive psychologists' repertoires and techniques do not only meet the emerging demands derived from the changes in the notions of "work" and "worker" in the last decades, but also introduce a whole new logic in the construction of professional workers' subjectivity, according to which happiness becomes a necessary psychological state that workers must first achieve and develop in order to attain job success at work.

DISCUSSION
This emerging logic does not only circumscribe to the labor sphere, but also reflects a broader cultural and economic phenomenon.


The values of inner and outer race temperature, cage speed, and heat transferred to the lubricant or bearing power loss, calculated using the computer programs Shaberth and Cybean, with the corresponding experimental data for the large bore ball and roller bearings were compared. After the development of computer program, it is important that values calculated using such program are compared with actual bearing performance data to assess the programs predictive capability. Several comprehensive computer programs currently in use are capable of predicting rolling bearing operating and performance characteristics. These programs accept input data of bearing internal geometry, bearing material and lubricant properties, and bearing operating conditions. The programs solve several sets of equations that characterize rolling element bearings. The output produced typically consists of rolling element loads and Hertz stresses, operating contact angles, component speed, heat generation, local temperatures, bearing fatigue life, and power loss. Two of these programs, Shaberth and Cybean were developed.


Emerging bioreactor technologies offer an effective way for scaled‐up production of large numbers of cells for cell therapy applications. One of the clinical paradigms where cell therapy can be an asset is restorative neurosciences. Nerve repair can benefit from the injections of stem cells and/or Schwann cells, acting as a source for axon myelination, myelin debris clearance, and trophic support. We have adapted microcarrier‐based suspension bioreactor culture for Schwann cells (SCs) differentiated from a new stem cell source – skin‐derived precursors (SKPs). SKP‐derived SCs attach and grow on different types of microcarriers in both static and stirred culture, with Cytodex 3 and CultiSpher‐S found most effective. Inter‐microcarrier migration of SKP‐SCs represents a key mechanism for rapid expansion and colonization in stirred suspension culture. We have shown that microcarrier‐expanded SKP‐SCs cells express Schwann cell markers p75‐NTR, GFAP and S100 and retain their key ability to myelinate axons both in vitro and in vivo. Scaled‐up microcarrier‐based production of SKP‐SCs in suspension bioreactors appears feasible for timely generation of sufficient cell numbers for nerve repair strategies. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 393–402. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


This article is an edition of an inscription in a variety of Thamudic that contains several glyph shapes that have not been found together in the same inscription, and are typical of inscriptions from central and southern Arabia. Interesting glyph shapes include the glyph shapes for ', w, and g. A personal name formed on a morphological H-Causative verb, familiar from the South Arabian, as well as Dadanitic inscriptions, is attested in this inscription. The formula found in the inscription is paralleled most closely by those typical of Thamudic C inscriptions. Finally, the article discusses the implications of the combination of these features, typically associated with different scripts and geographic distribution, for the field of ANA epigraphy.


ICT has an impact on many aspects of health care. The most important are accessibility to health care services by citizens, economical aspect and quality of care aspect. The main goal is to provide access for the citizen at any time and in any place. eHealth can certainly provide such an access especially in the regions where physician may not be available. The continuously rising costs are the main problem of the contemporary health service in many countries. These costs may not be acceptable both for developing and developed countries. eHealth can decrease the costs of health care by decentralizing the care enabling medical services at a lower level where they are cheaper (e.g. regional hospital instead of university hospital), or by avoiding patient transport to the hospital when it is not necessary. The improvement of the quality of care has been demonstrated in several medical disciplines e.g. cardiology. The transmission of ECG signal directly from the ambulance to invasive cardiology centre significantly improved Acute Coronary Syndromes patient diagnostics and reduced time from the onset of symptoms to intervention. In developed countries the phenomenon of ageing population is evident. It is estimated that the cost of health care of that group is 60% of the total cost. How eHealth can cope with that problem? The answer is by home monitoring and telecare. The patient data can be trans mitted over the cellular phones to the medical centre and evaluated by the physician. Home monitoring is applied in many types of diseases such as cardiac failure, hypertension, diabetes, COPD. The preliminary results show that in many patients the number of exacerbations and hospitalizations is decreased. The care is therefore improved and costs diminished. eHealth can cope with the deficit of medical staff in developing and the developed countries. Teleradiology is a good example. The images are transmitted to the location where radiologist on duty is available. ICT has an impact on education of both patients and medical staff. There are many www sites aiming at prevention of civilization diseases (diabetes, hypertension, cardiac failure, cancer). They can support groups of patients suffering from the same disease (e.g. cancer patients). The effect of e-learning cannot be overestimated as far as medical education is concerned. There are many e-learning courses and videoconferences on variety of topics. The Medical Virtual Universities are established. The best model of learning for medical sciences is blended learning. It is a combination of traditional learning with e-learning. The contact with a real patient is a core of the learning process in medicine. The shift from medical services to prevention and health promotion can be observed. ICT applications in health care should adapt to the new situation.


This article is devoted to the problem of integrating knowledge and data in the field of geo-ecology. The study of the dependence of the impact of technogenic explosions on various objects on a complex of natural factors is an important component of forecasting geo-ecological risks. The methodology of geo-ecological risks assessment has been developed in ICM&MG SB RAS, in which a low-frequency seismic vibrator is used as an instrument. Vibration sources provide stable emission of seismoacoustic signals with specified parameters, which allows them to be used as test signals. The paper considers the aspects of the development of the scientific information system "Active seismology", into which the experimental data of geo-ecological monitoring of explosions were integrated, and the Knowledge Portal, which provides navigation and meaningful access to information resources of the subject area.


Healthcare waste management (HCWM) is at problem in many developing countries. One of the main steps to implement a proper HCWM process is knowledge of the amount and composition of material generated. There are rare studies of the contribution of kitchen waste to the total mass of non-hazardous waste generated by hospitals in the world. This paper reports a diagnosis of waste generation by the kitchen of a maternity hospital in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Using the method established by the World Health Organization (WHO), non-hazardous wastes of all sectors were weighed for seven consecutive days in July and August, 2015. The average kitchen waste generated was 92.77 kg.day -1 and 76,73 kg.day -1 , respectively, corresponding to 43.65% and 46.44% of the total mass of general waste produced in the period, although there was no positive correlation between the generated mass of kitchen waste and the number of meals prepared and served. We concluded that kitchen waste poses a considerable challenge to HCWM, mainly involving temporary internal storage, external storage and container cleaning, as well in the physical conditions of the workers that transport the waste.


Author(s): Kim, Sabine; Robinson, Greg | Abstract: Introduction by issue editors.This issue represents our journal's first appearance after the onset of what multiple Americanists have referred to, and not in overly positive fashion, as the "Age of Trump." A central theme of Trump administration discourse is its strident defense of physical borders manifested in harshly exclusionary policies, most notably the administration's abandoning of the existing DACA program, as well as fostering increased visibility of white nationalist groups and openly racist discourse. At the same time, the White House, led by the president, has distinguished itself by its nationalist attacks on international trade and multilateral diplomacy. As scholars of American Studies based outside the United States, we both feel a special responsibility to make use of our position to investigate and discuss the larger forces at play here. One thing that larger transnational approaches can help reveal is the complex interface between national identity, domestic politics, and state policy, especially in regard to international relations.


proofs of these properties requires a rigorous treatment of the white process because v(t) appearing in the observation process is not an ordinary random process. One way to treat the white process is to employ a stochastic integral, which enables one to discuss a problem involving a white process without defining the white process explicitly. Another way is to define it in the framework of generalized random processes. In 1972, Kailath gave a rigorous proof of the properties of the innovation process using stochastic integrals. In the same year, the


This paper contributes to the literature on divided government and legislative productivity. We begin by reexamining Mayhew's data on landmark enactments. We show that Mayhew's claim that divided government does not affect legislative productivity is a consequence of aggregating time series that exhibit different behavior. We then extend Mayhew's analysis by broadening the concept of significance and creating a new four-category measure that encompasses all 17,663 public laws enacted in the period of 1945-94. Using appropriate time-series techniques, we demonstrate that periods of divided government depress the production of landmark legislation by about 30%, at least when productivity is measured on the basis of contemporaneous perceptions of legislative significance. Divided government, however, has no substantive effect on the production of important, albeit not landmark, legislation and actually has a positive effect on the passage of trivial laws.


Pregnancy with Pulmonary embolism is an important death cause of pregnant women and puerperant.Because of the deficiency of obstetricians′ knowledge about this disease and the effective diagnostic equipment,diagnosis rate is lower.How to diagnose pregnancy with Pulmonary embolism early and use appropriate treatment in time are very important.In this article,we summarized therapeutic and diagnostic progress of of pregnancy with pulmonary embolism.


3585 Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (HER1/EGFR) overexpression occurs in 45-80% of CRC patients (pts). Erlotinib (Tarceva™) is a potent HER1/EGFR inhibitor. Capecitabine and oxaliplatin have proven activity in MCRC pts. This trial determined the safety, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and pharmacokinetics (PK) of erlotinib in combination with capecitabine and oxaliplatin.

METHODS
MCRC pts were previously untreated or had received first-line treatment with 5-FU ± irinotecan. Patients were to receive escalating doses of daily oral erlotinib, capecitabine (days 1-14) (100mg + 1,650mg/m2 [Cohort 1]; 100mg + 2,000mg/m2 [Cohort 2]; 150mg + 2,000mg/m2 [Cohort 3]) and i.v. oxaliplatin 130mg/m2, every 21 days. Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined according to NCI-CTC criteria (2.0) in cycle 1 or 2. The MTD was the dose below which >1/3 pts had a DLT.

RESULTS
The first 6 pts in Cohort 1 had no DLTs. In Cohort 2, 2/6 pts had DLTs: one with G3 diarrhea and G3 intolerable rash; one with G3 diarrhea. Cohort 2 was expanded to 11 pts and two more pts experienced DLTs: one pt had G4 diarrhea and one pt had G3 pruritic rash. As 4/11 pts had DLTs, this cohort exceeded the definition of MTD. Thus, Cohort 1 was expanded to 12 pts and there were no DLTs in the additional pts. The most common adverse events (AEs) were diarrhea and rash. Preliminary evidence of antitumor activity was seen in both cohorts. Overall, 5 pts had a partial response (PR) and 14 had stable disease (SD). There was no evidence of PK interaction between erlotinib, capecitabine and oxaliplatin.

CONCLUSIONS
These data indicate that capecitabine 1,650mg/m2 and oxaliplatin 130mg/m2 in combination with erlotinib 100mg/d is the recommended dose for phase II trials in MCRC pts. [Figure: see text] [Table: see text].


INTRODUCTION Bill Gates is quoted as saying; "Your most unhappy customers are your greatest source of learning" (Said What, 2007). In recent years the rising costs of legal assistance and legal offices at all levels are feeling the pressure to keep fees competitive. One economical alternative is to contract out non-core services. Many businesses in the United States have used offshoring since the mid-1980s to lower costs. Consequently, knowledge on sub-contracting has been acquired. Efficiencies were gained by refocusing on core competencies and making more prudent use of available in-house resources ... competitive advantage being the name of the game. Since then, vendor selection has evolved, contracts have become more complex, and best practices have emerged (Rivard & Aubert, 2008). In some cases, industry-specific standards have become known and norms have developed. The Internet and technology have enabled organizations, small and large, to gain a competitive advantage in the global offshoring marketplace. Offshoring takes many forms. Specific business processes are outsourced to third party service providers (BPO), and knowledge - and information-related work (KPO) is carried out by workers in different countries (offshoring). Niches, or domain specific services, have sprung up within BPOs and KPOs. One such niche is legal process offshoring. Some researchers argue that firms within a specific industry will engage in similar foreign offshoring behavior because they face a common set of business drivers and challenges. Using the legal process Offshoring industry as a case of study, this paper explores whether or not population-level learning has taken place in the legal profession as it pertains to legal process offshoring (LPO). RESEARCH CONTEXT Detailed information on organizations offshoring legal processes was frustrated by a general industry resistance to discuss offshoring relationships. According to Ross (2007), a United Kingdom solicitor and Director at LawScribe, one of the world's leading LPOs, acknowledgement of LPO use by law firms and corporations in the United States (U. S.) and United Kingdom (U. K.) is considered a "dirty little secret." The unwillingness of law firms to go on record and confirm they are offshoring some legal work is also frustrating LPOs from publicizing deals with high-visibility clients. In this study, researcher used secondary literature published in practitioner and academic resources to explore how an emerging framework can be designed in a meaningful way to reflect developing trends in the Legal Process Outsourcing in the context of Population Level Learning. Population-level learning is defined by Miner and Haunschild as "A systematic change in the nature and mix of organizational action routines in a population or organizations, arising from experience" (Rivard & Aubert, 2008). McKendrick (2001) suggests that "firms from the same nation are likely to adopt similar global strategies initially, but that, over time, the industry as a whole converges on the same blueprint for action." According to Miner and Raghavan (1999), population-level learning "represents an emerging framework for organization analysis ... It emphasizes change in the nature and mix of organizational routines in a population of organizations arising from experience." Organizational learning takes place when a firm either experiences an activity for itself or learns by imitating other firms. The result of population-level learning for the organization is closure of the gap between desired and actual outcomes. This has been sparingly studies in case of LPOs because of the emerging nature of it in the global marketplace. Industry Pioneer. Successful offshoring of legal services to offshore entities began in 1995 with Bickel & Brewer, a litigation law firm out of Texas. The company was looking for ways to more efficiently handle the millions of pieces of information that confront attorneys on a case. …


Abstract This study aimed to identify and investigate the marketing mix of the funeral Zimele-compliant micro-insurance product and its influence on business success of micro-insurance firms in South Africa. The influence of marketers' efforts to address the challenge of financial exclusion to the low-income households in South Africa with regards to microinsurance on business success were explored in the study. A convenience sample of 173 out of 200 employees completed the questionnaires at two biggest insurance companies namely; Old Mutual South Africa and Hollard Insurance, offering micro-insurance products and services in Port Elizabeth was used. The responses signified a satisfactory rate of 86.5%. The findings revealed the mean values for all independent variables generating business success unsatisfactory results (below 60%). The research is of value to insurers, microinsurers, marketing managers, academics and researchers.


When uncultivated land without erosion is cultivated, the 210Pbex in the depth of tillage, which decreases exponentially with depth, can be mixed in the plough layer. Subsequently, the 210Pbex of the plough layer would gradually diffuse into the plough pan layer owing to the concentration grads of 210Pbex between them, and finally a steady state would come forth as a result of balance between diffusion and decay of the 210Pbex. This process can be considered as one-dimensional diffusion from a thin diffusion source layer with unlimited width to semi-infinite media. This paper describes the process in a quantitative way. The time of the process from initial cultivation to the steady state is about 10 years (y=10.37 a). As in the case of cultivated purple soil of Neijiang in Sichuan province, the downward diffusion coefficient of soils of the plough pan layer is D=0.676 cm2·a-1, which is achieved according to the 210Pbex depth distribution of the soils. Subsequently, the 210Pbex inventory of the plough pan layer of different time after initial cultivation are calculated, and ultimately the process of 210Pbex distribution in the non-eroded purple soils after cultivation is figured out.


Annual rainfall erosivity in the universal soil loss equation is the number of rainfall erosion index units (El30) for a particular location usually recognized as a tool for describing soil erosion by water. It is also a basix input to simple and widespread soil erosion prediction models like USLE and RUSLE. However, its calculation on the basis of original rainfall records is a very' laborious operation and is completely impossible for many locations without a precise and detailed rainfall data. The aim of this study was t6 develop a new simple method of estimation of annual rainfall erosivity on the basis of rainfall data. Efforts were made to see the possibility of applying artificial neural networks (ANN) for estimation of annual rainfall erosivity, on the basis of the available annual rainfall values. The study was done with the use of annual rainfall erosivity values of 38 years data of Chandigarh. As a result of the study radial basis function network with network architecture as 1-6-1 was found best in prediction of annual rainfall erosivity for Chandigarh with input as annual rainfall data. Model efficiency of observed versus predicted rainfall erosivity was found to be higher with ANN than with that obtained for the simple regression models. The study results suggested the possibility of application of neural networks for estimation of rainfall erosivity on the basis of annual rainfall totals instead of simple statistical relationships.


This study evaluated the effect of ozonation on chemical properties of linseed and sunflower oils as well as the therapeutic effects of topical ozonated oils on cutaneous wound healing in rats. The ozone gas was pumped into both oils till the peroxide value reached 600 mmol/kg. The acidity value and the IR spectroscopy were determined for both oils before and after ozonation. Longitudinal wounds were made in the skin of rats and treatment with oils was applied once a day till cure for each group, the length of the wound was measured daily, and healing time was determined. Results showed an increase in acidity value and peroxide value, as well as a decrease of the bands corresponding to both C=C and =C–H stretching and increase in the band corresponding to ozonide C-O stretching. The two ozonated oils promoted wound healing and their therapeutic efficacy was better than the positive control. Further study is needed to evaluate the safety of long using of ozonated oils.


Abstract: Contrary to the previous requirement to only monitor the changes, the need to understand the nature of the surface structure is more and more emphasised nowadays. There is already the possibility for 3D measurements, to a great extent owing to the development of electronics and computers. The contribution of this paper is in the analysis of the assessment of roughness using classical roughness parameters applied to 3D surfaces and an attempt to define the new parameters that would provide a more complete assessment of roughness with relation to the functional requirements met by the surface.


Semolina purified from four durum wheat varieties were gamma-irradiated with 0, 5, 10 and 15 kGy, i.e. at dose levels expected to improve the colour of pasta products, suitable for reduction of microbial contamination and high above doses required for insect disinfestation. The semolinas were then assessed for colour indices, carotenoid content, oxidative enzyme activities, mixing properties, gluten strength and cooking quality


-Basically Electronic waste (e-waste) is a kind of unwanted electronic or electrical appliances. This E-waste includes entertainment electronics, computers, mobile phones and other items that have somewhere been discarded by their existing users. E-waste is an inevitable by-product of a technological revolution. Driven primarily by smaller, faster, cheaper and microchip technology, society is experiencing the evolution in capability of all the electronic appliances. For its benefits innovation brings with it. As per the EPA an estimated 5-7 million tons of stereos, TV, computers, toys, electronic appliances, cell phones and other electronic gadgets become obsolete every year. By various reports we usually see that the electronics comprise approximately 1-4% of the municipal solid waste stream. An E-waste problem will be continuously growing at a much higher rate. E-waste refers to electronic products being discarded by the consumers.


HYPOTHESIS
Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is beneficial for selected patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

DESIGN AND SETTING
A prospective comparison study in a tertiary hospital.

STUDY PERIOD
November 21, 1995, to May 2, 2001, with a mean follow-up of 939 days.

PATIENTS
A total of 157 TACE treatments were performed in 88 patients with unresectable HCC: 132 treatments in 69 patients with focal HCC (F-HCC) and 25 treatments in 19 patients with diffuse HCC (D-HCC).

INTERVENTIONS
Transarterial chemoembolization consisted of selective catheterization and intra-arterial infusion of a mixture of doxorubicin hydrochloride, cisplatin, and mitomycin followed by embolization. Sequential treatments were performed for bilobar HCC.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Child-Pugh classification and clinical outcomes, including alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) response, length of hospital stay, readmission rate, and survival, were compared between patients with F-HCC and D-HCC following TACE using the chi(2) test, Fisher exact test, or t test (2-tailed, unpaired).

RESULTS
Fifty-eight patients (84%) in the F-HCC group and 18 patients (95%) in the D-HCC group had cirrhosis. For those patients with cirrhosis, 58 (100%) in the F-HCC group and 14 (78%) in the D-HCC group had a Child-Pugh score of A or B (P =.002). The mean baseline AFP was higher in the D-HCC group: 55 577 vs 7815 ng/mL in the F-HCC group (P =.001). Of the patients secreting AFP, 4 (29%) of 14 in the D-HCC group and 30 (68%) of 44 in the F-HCC group had a significant decrease in AFP 1 month following TACE (P =.01). The mean hospital stay was longer (3 vs 1.9 days; P =.001), and readmissions occurred more frequently (44% vs 9%; P<.001) in the D-HCC group. The mean survival rate was significantly higher in the F-HCC group: 425 vs 103 days (P<.001).

CONCLUSIONS
In patients with F-HCC, TACE is well tolerated and provides a survival benefit. However, there is no apparent benefit for patients with D-HCC. Importantly, tumor characteristics and hepatic reserve are essential criteria for successful TACE.


During recent years, there has been an increase in corporate social responsibility (following CSR) disclosure not only through sustainability reports but also through digital reporting. The purpose of our research is to study the CSR disclosure made by a sample of Italian listed companies. In particular, we built a disclosure index based on CSR disclosure in the sustainability report (traditional reporting) and a disclosure index based on CSR disclosure on the website (digital reporting). Our aim is to verify if there is a convergence between the two communication tools or whether companies prefer one of them. Specifically, we want to verify if digital reporting has really improved the quality and the level of voluntary disclosure. Our findings revealed that the CSR disclosures were generally shallow and unsystematic, indicating that online CSR reporting of our sample is still in infancy.


Slope failures or landslides are reported every year in different countries. In spite of improvements in landslide hazard recognition, prediction, mitigation measures, and warning systems, worldwide landslide activity is increasing. Uncertainty is a dominant feature of all landslides. Various uncertainties arise during the resolution of the problem, from climate data of rainfall, to infiltration rate, to site characterization, to material properties, to analysis, design and consequence assessment. These variabilities are rarely taken into account directly in traditional geotechnical analysis, rather some "average" or suitably "pessimistic" property is assumed to act across the whole region of interest. This keynote will focus on the modelling of spatial variability of soil properties in the quantitative risk assessment of individual landslides. Firstly, infinite (1D), two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) slope examples are used to demonstrate the importance of modelling spatial variability in the risk assessment of landslides. The infinite slope example shows that ignoring spatial variability will lead to unconservative estimation of slope failure. The 2D slope example shows that the slope failure can have multiple possible failure modes. The 3D slope example shows that ignoring the spatial variability in the third direction can lead to unconservative estimation of slope failure probability if the slope is long. Then the framework of quantitative risk assessment of landslides is discussed. Slope or landslides can fail shallowly or deeply. Because deep failure leads to more severe consequence than shallow failure, each potential failure mode has a specific consequence associated with it. It is thus necessary to redefine risk as mean consequence rather than assuming a constant consequence for all failure modes. One challenge for quantitative risk assessment of landslides is to automatically identify failure modes and assess associated consequences. This issue can be overcome by introducing Machine Learning algorithms within the framework of Monte Carlo simulations.


Anisotropic nonlinear diusion filters describe a large class of powerful image filtering operations. In order to be applicable to sampled data, the continuous diusion equations have to be discretized, e.g. using additive operator splitting scheme which approximates the continuous equation by one-dimensional processes along several chosen directions. In this paper we concentrate on one step of the separation of the continu- ous diusion into one-dimensional processes: we analyse, design and test consistent positive directional splitting on a 3 ◊ 3 window. We derive a set of formulas for directional diusivities with one free parameter, and demonstrate that the best results are obtained if the parameter is chosen from the interior of the admissible interval.


Management decisions and thoughts is a key role in achieving organizational goals. Therefore, identification of personality characteristic of managers and experts, particularly their narcissism have essential role on ethical climate in organization. This article is going to investigate the relationship between narcissistic person and the effects of that on ethical climate in the organization in Ferdowsi University of Mashhad-Iran. The group under study is all of the experts and managers in central organization of Ferdowsi University. We have distributed 116 questionnaires and received 112 of them. Correlation and multiple regression analysis were performed to evaluate the hypothesized relationships between the variables by the SPSS software version 17. The results of testing hypothesizes indicated that narcissism has significant and negative effect on ethical climate whereas some dimensions of narcissism have positive effects on ethical climate. This research must be continually researched and discussed to increase awareness of the relationship between a narcissistic personality and its effects on ethical climate in an organization. Copyright © IJEBF, all rights reserved.


It is possible to demonstrate that QFD (Quality Function Deployment) within a norm space permits to realize gap analysis and investment plans for a complex process plant, using its process capability (defects per million of opportunities: DPMO) in the last Quality house. The first step is to partition in six "master nodes" the plant: man power, materials, maintenance, machinery, environment and methods. It is important to realize the layout of the plant, to know the customer's CTQ (Critical to Quality); according with the CTQ the "customer's How" will be obtained using the six sigma methodology, the layout and process information. For the last quality house the weak form will be changed by the capability metric. The domain is obtained through Taguchi functions (rigorously: a norm space). For the use of the same metric: DPMO, it is possible to compare man power, materials, maintenance, machinery, environment and methods. In these terms get a benchmarking, Pareto's diagrams, investment plans are feasible. This method was implemented by CIATEQ A. C. in the Mexican Petrochemical plants and some results are included; CIATEQ A. C. (Advanced Technology Center) is a research center in Mexico and is part of the Technological centers in this country.Copyright © 2005 by ASME


The Shipping administration refers to an administrative organization founded by the Qing Government in 1866 which located in Mawei of Fujian Province.Its magnificent history bred the excellent shipping administration culture.The shipping administration culture sounded the bugle which Chinese society marched to modernization.And its' many spirits and ideas still have practical significance and reference values to current society.


from the Lifelike Computer Characters conference, Snowbird, Utah, 1996 WHY PUT AN AGENT IN A HUMAN BODY: THE IMPORTANCE OF COMMUNICATIVE FEEDBACK IN HUMAN-HUMANOID DIALOGUE Kristinn Thorisson and Justine Cassell MIT Media Lab 20 Ames Street Cambridge, MA 02139 firstname.lastname@example.com, justine @media.mit.edu Although many different human characteristics have been put forth as the key to making humanoid agents lifelike (eg. emotional expression, fluid body movement, face and hand gestures, realistic skin color) the young field of synthetic computer characters has not seen much research comparing these different putatively "most important" characteristics of lifelike computer characters. Of course, research on the effectiveness of natural language based, humanoid agent systems, and on the role of believability in the construction of such systems, has to date been hampered by the lack of real computer systems capable of sustaining and supporting spoken dialogue with a human user. In this paper we describe a comparison of two commonly discussed features: emotional facial icons and non-verbal communicative behavior. This comparison was made possible by a platform that supports the construction of humanoid agents and allows various features of those agents to be "turned off". We used a fully automated character generation system, capable of real-time, multimodal, face-to-face interaction with a user [Thórisson 1996], to assess users' reactions to two commonly discussed human characteristics: facial emotional icons and non-verbal feedback about the interaction. We tested users' reactions by way of a questionnaire assessing comfort with the interaction, but also by looking at the efficiency of the interaction, as measured by how many times users repeated themselves. Specifically, we compared users' questionnaire responses to, and efficiency with a {1} content-only character (CONT), {2} a content + emotional facial icons character (EMO), and {3} a content + nonverbal communicative support character (ENV). The characters all appear on a normal-sized monitor beside a big screen projector, on which a graphical model of the solar system is displayed. The users can ask the character questions about planets and have it show them the planets. The characters in each condition are equally knowledgeable about the solar system, and their responses are equally rapid, but they provide the following different feedback: In the CONT condition the character gives verbal feedback only relating to the content of the dialogue; the EMO character gives the same verbal feedback and also smiles occasionally, when it has finished some action, and looks puzzled if it doesn't understand what the user says; the ENV character provides the same verbal feedback as CONT with the addition of behaviors relating to the process of dialogue: turning to and/or looking at the big screen or the user at the right times, giving non-verbal feedback to show when it decides to take the turn (when the user has finished making a request), and hand gestures that support its utterances (beat gestures and pointing at the planets when speaking). It also blinks, and drums with its fingers when its hand is at rest. The experiment was a repeated-measures design, with twelve subjects. Thus, all subjects interacted with all three characters. Two hypotheses were tested: {1} We expected to find no significant difference in ease of interaction or efficiency between the CONT and EMO conditions. That is, we didn't expect emotional facial icons to add anything to the interaction. {2} We expected to find a significant difference in ease and efficiency between the ENV condition and the other two conditions. In other words, we expected behaviors relating to the process of dialogue to prove significantly more important to the users' acceptance of the character/interaction, as well as to the effectiveness of the dialogue, than either content feedback alone or content feedback and emotional facial displays. Both hypotheses were confirmed (p < .05). This supports our claim that what really matters in face-to-face dialogue is, in addition to "classical information exchange", the supportive behaviors that often have been dismissed as incidental to effective interaction [Ochsman & Chapanis 1974]. Should designers of interactive computer agents (co-spatial, co-temporal speech-based interaction) ignore behaviors relating strictly to communication, they are likely to end up with less believable, less effective agents. We expect, however, that adding other behaviors such as emotional expression on top of such process-ofcommunication behaviors may be doubly effective.


Rapeseeds and mustard is one of the most important oilseed crop of the India. It is cultivated across the country. The main objectives of the study was to study area and production of mustard in Hisar district of Haryana. To study the marketing channel of mustard. To study marketing cost and margin of mustard marketing. To study problem faced by farmer in production and marketing of mustard in Hisar district of Haryana. The study area was Hisar district of Haryana. Two block, Hisar block I and Hisar block II was purposively selected, and further 2 villages (8 farmers) from Hisar block I and 3 villages (12 farmers) from Hisar block II was conveniently selected. Total sample size of study was 40 respondent including 20 farmers, 5 wholesalers, 5 processors, 5 retailers, and 5 consumers. The marketing channel is identified in the study are, 1) Producer ->Consumer 2) Producer ->Village Trader ->Wholesaler ->Retailer ->Consumer 3) Producer ->Village Trader ->Wholesaler ->Miller/Oil Expeller ->Consumer 4) Producer ->Miller/Oil Expeller ->consumer. In channel III wholesalers sell their produce to the processors at the rate 37 per kg and total cost incurred by processors was 40 per kg and sell to retailers at the rate 41.50 per kg so processor margin in this channel was 1.50 per kg. Timely credit facilities are required on season for cultivation of Rapeseeds and Mustard. Distress sale and low price of their produce in the market is major constraints faced by the farmers. The highest total difference between marketable surplus and marketed surplus was in Hisar block II followed by Hisar block I.


The extension of tangerine offering both for internal and external markets is limited by the large amount of seeds present in the main cultivars, the occurrence of peel injures caused by diseases and the small fruit production during the hottest periods of the year. This work was aimed to characterize the fruit quality and maturation period of 46 tangerines and hybrids grown in the field at the Estacao Experimental de Citricultura de Bebedouro (EECB), located in Bebedouro county, in Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Tangerines and their hybrids (tangors and tangelos) were introduced from germplasm banks of Italy, Portugal, Spain and France, and the study was conducted during the years of 2001/2002 and 2002/2003. External fruit quality was assessed by measurements of fruit height and diameter, fruit mass and peeling facility, as well as the internal quality characteristics, such as seed number, total soluble solids content, total titrable acidity, juice content, ratio and pulp content. Two cultivars produced good quality and early ripening fruits that may be offered in the local marketinperiods oflow fruitoffer,asalternatives to the 'Cravo'tangerine.Fourcultivars that presented good quality and a moderate maturation precocity may be introduced as alternatives for the 'Ponkan' cultivar.


In this paper the status of knowledge transfer at an premier Indian Institute of Higher Learning in Technology (IHLT) have been portrayed. Smooth knowledge transfer helps in better understanding of the subject and it helps in achieving administrative and academic efficiency. An questionnaire-based survey has been done where responses of 922 UG students have been analyzed to ascertain the extent to which knowledge transfer is successful in IHLT.


To the translation there are copious notes, some of which read perhaps a shade too much into the text. The statement that Sparda is the Persian pronunciation of the Lydian capital is surprising. The book closes with a discussion of the metrics of the inscription. Unlike Friedrich, the author maintains that only parts are metrical; and these he compares to trochaics in the Persae of iEschylus. Here again we are on very thin ice. But despite many controversial points, on which it is hopeless to expect general agreement, the book is valuable and stimulating.


Corn and rice bran are the main ingredients to manufacture of poultry feed, but it can not be used singly, must be
mixed with other ingredients. The purpose of this assessment were to determine the effect of feeding based on
corn and rice bran during finisher period to feed consumption, body weight and broiler farm financial analysis.
The study conducted until broiler age 35 days. The study was conducted by using a completely randomized
design, with 4 treatment groups and 5 replicates. The treatments were P1 (control) = commercial feed 40% + corn
34.7% + rice bran 25%, + minerals 0.3%, P2 = commercial feed 35% + corn 54.7% + rice bran 15%, + minerals
0.3%, P3 = commercial feed 30% + corn 49.7% + rice bran 20%, + minerals 0.3%, and P4 = commercial feed 25
% + corn 49.7% + rice bran 25%, + minerals 0.3%. As a supplement boosters given Vitachik during starter
period and Neobro during finisher period through drinking water. Disease prevention was done by vaccination
Newcasttle Disease (ND) techner B1 strain, given 2 times at age of 4 days and 21 days via eye drops. The results
showed feed intake in P1, P2, P3 and P4 were 3.39, 1.52, 1.38 and 1.32, respectively. Body weights were 1.95,
1.52, 1.38 and 1.32, respectively. Gains were P1 Rp. 282,416,- with R / C ratio 1.80, P2 Rp. 165,284,- with R / C ratio 1.50, P3 Rp. 154,322,- with R / C ratio 1.52 and P4 Rp. 147,319, - the R / C ratio 147,319. It is concluded that feeding with commercial concentrate 30% and 35% in this study coul replace with corn and rice bran.


Hydantoin (imidazolidine-2,4-dione) is a 2,4-diketotetrahydroimidazole discovered by Baeyer in 1861. Thiohydantoins and derivatives were prepared, having chemical properties similar to the corresponding carbonyl compounds. Some biological activities (antimicrobial, anticonvulsant, schistosomicidal) are attributed to the chemical reactivity and consequent affinity of hydantoinic rings towards biomacromolecules. Therefore, knowledge about the chemistry of hydantoins has increased enormously. In this review, we present important aspects such as reactivity of hydantoins, acidity of hydantoins, spectroscopy and cristallographic properties, and biological activities of hydantoin and its derivatives.


The subsequent key comparison CCQM-K19.1 was carried out in 2010 as a follow-up comparison to CCQM-K19. Three laboratories (NMIJ, PTB and SMU) took part in both comparisons. Their results are consistent. The assigned uncertainties are reliable and of the same order. These results provide the link to CCQM-K19. As well as the original comparison the subsequent key comparison was organized to demonstrate the capability of the interested national metrology institutes to measure the pH value of an unknown borate buffer by a primary method at 15 °C, 25 °C and 37 °C. Eight laboratories took part in CCQM-K19.1. The participants either were not able to participate in the original comparison or participate only in the Pilot Study CCQM-P82 running in parallel to CCQM-K19. In one case the laboratory expressed doubts on the integrity of the sample provided in CCQM-K19. The result in CCQM-K19.1 is the acidity function at zero chloride molality of the unknown borate buffer solution. Most participants in the key comparison CCQM-K19.1 demonstrated improved capabilities. This especially applies to the laboratories that had originally taken part in the pilot study CCQM-P82. In some cases previous results could be confirmed. The hidden reasons for that have still to be clarified. Main text. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCQM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (MRA).


Electronic nicotine delivery systems first appeared on the market in 2003 and have been promoted as healthier alternatives to conventional tobacco cigarettes. The rapid evolution of technology for these products generated a wide variety of models, and electronic cigarettes have quickly gained worldwide popularity. However, research regarding the effects of both short-term and long-term exposure revealed a wide variety of potential negative effects on human health, and the first system to be affected by these electronic smoking devices is the oral cavity. This review makes an up-to-date extensive presentation of the possible mechanisms that associate electronic cigarette smoking with increased prevalence and progression of oral cancer. Oxidative stress, inflammation response, and DNA damage are the main mechanisms that explain e-cigarettes' cytotoxicity, but there are still questions to be answered. At present, tens of thousands of e-liquids are available, with distinct compositions, which makes the research even more challenging. Another aspect approached in the present paper is the effect of nicotine on chemotherapy drug resistance. Nicotine activates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, consecutively inhibiting apoptosis, increasing tumor cells proliferation and survival, and reducing the effects of chemotherapy drugs.


As an advanced heat metering method, on-off valve regulation method has good temperature-control and energy-saving effects. But its hydraulic regime is different from other existing systems, the conditions are more complicated and researches are not enough. There is an opinion that differential pressure valve should be used in the buildings consumer heat inlet. For all the questions and uncertainties, this article conducted researches by field test and program simulation analysis. The field test was conducted in a housing estate in Beijing, one buildings flow regulations influence on other buildings hydraulic regime was tested. The simulation was done in HACNet hydraulic simulation software. A pipe net model was built to simulate different working conditions. Both results indicate that systems hydraulic regime is stable and differential pressure valve is not necessary.


A new set of differential equations with the free surface elevation and the depth-integrated volume flux being the dependent variables is derived for description of monochromatic waves on steady currents over gradually varying bottoms. The derivation is based on the vertical integration of the continuity equation and the equation of motion for general free-surface flows. A similarity law on the dynamic pressure and the horizontal velocity, modified from a relevant relation for small amplitude waves on uniform currents, has been introduced. A finite-difference scheme with second-order accuracy is proposed for solutions of the equations. The computational algorithm is proved to be conditionally stable and easy to implement. Key points on specification of boundary and initial conditions are discussed in details. Computations are carried out to investigate the nonlinear effects on wave shoaling over a uniform slope with following or opposing current in presence. A case test of the proposed model is also performed and satisfactory agreement obtained between the computational results and reported laboratory data.


The following work aims to expose and problematize the relationship between the notions of temporality, image and freedom in the thinking of the French philosopher Henri Bergson, in light of the criticism developed by his colleague Jean-Paul Sartre. For this, firstly, two concepts that give form to Bergsonian thought, namely duration and intuition, are presented in a synthetic way. With this, the problem raised by the definition of image delivered by Bergson is shown, since it conflicts with the notion of duration. That is why, secondly, the criticism developed by Jean-Paul Sartre to the definitions given by Bergson is reviewed, noting that the problem arising from the definitions of duration and image implies an empiricism and determinism that subordinates the image to the perception, which leads to a contradiction concerning the spontaneity of consciousness, which in Sartre is shown as intrinsically free consciousness.


This text promotes a discussion on the "qualitative evaluation" of social and health and social programs and projects and their various approaches, but without separating this technical, academic and social activity from the context of the evaluative research. This article emphasizes the historical questions of the practice of assessment, the main concepts of evaluation, the types, the stages and its social, pragmatic and ethical sense. From the standpoint of qualitative assessment, the theoretical foundations, the modalities and the issues of validity are discussed, specifically considering the triangulation of perspectives and the inclusion of all stakeholders in the process. The proposal called the RAP (Rapid Assessment to Projects) goes deeper. The conclusion of the text leads to the consideration of the importance of including diverse actors, with their own beliefs and expectations, in the evaluation process so that it becomes an act of learning for all involved..


IN THE TEMPERATURE CONTROL OF HOT WATER SYSTEM OF A GAS BOILER WALL INSTANT MIX, THE VALUE OF THE TEMPERATURE SENSOR DETECTED BY 21 ADDED TO THE OUTPUT CIRCUIT HIGH 14 EAST HEAT EXCHANGER COMPARED WITH REFERENCE VALUE AND THE DIFFERENCE IN VALUE OR ERROR IS IN THE ENTRY OF THE pROPORTIONAL AMPLIFIER 24-differencing integrator TYPE WHICH THE OUTPUT IS APPLIED TO 25 ENTRIES OF A SWITCH VALUE 26 MINIMUM POWER TO ANOTHER ENTRY WHICH IS SENT THE ERROR VALUE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN WATER TEMPERATURE OF THE HEATING SYSTEM AND MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE REFERENCE CORRESPONDENT TOLERABLE. OUTPUT SWITCH CONTROL VALVE THEN 3 FLOW MODULATION GAS VALVE AND 2 CONTROL ALL OR NOTHING BY COMPARISON WITH PROPORTIONAL SIGNAL POWER MINIMUM HEAT CAN BE PROVIDED BY THE BOILER.


In Software Product Lines (SPL), feature extraction from software requirements specifications has been subject to intense research in order to assist domain analysis in a time-saving way. Although various approaches are proposed to extract features, there still exists a gap to achieve the complete view of features, that is, how to figure out the intention of a feature. Feature terms as the smallest units in a feature can be regarded as vital indicators for describing a feature. Automated feature term extraction can provide key information regarding the intention of a feature, which improves the efficiency of domain analysis. In this paper, we propose an approach to train prediction models by using machine learning techniques to identify feature terms. To this end, we extract candidate terms from requirement specifications in one domain and take six attributes of each term into account to create a labeled dataset. Subsequently, we apply seven commonly used machine algorithms to train prediction models on the labeled dataset. We then use these prediction models to predict feature terms from the requirements belonging to the other two different domains. Our results show that (1) feature terms can be predicted with high accuracy of ≈ 90% within a domain (2) prediction across domains leads to a decreased but still good accuracy (≈ 80%), and (3) machine learning algorithms perform differently.


This study aims to investigate the microbiological quality of fresh vegetables collected from several cultural ,agricultural sites, Supermarkets, Central vegetable market in Hail city during the summer2012. A total of 15 vegetable samples lettuce, Arugula and cucumber were tested to assess the biochemical and microbial contamination levels. The microbiological quality of fresh vegetables ranged from 4.3 to 10.4 log10 CFU/ g (aerobic bacteria); 0.712.0 log10 CFU /g (coliforns); and 1.0 to 8.77 log10 CFU g -1 (E. coli) .Lettuce samples had significantly higher microbial loads including coliforms, E. coli and Aerobic plate count than Arugula and cucumber samples. In addition, samples from open markets had higher microbial loads, coliform, and E. coli than the samples collected from the other sites. Moreover, High percentage of E. coli was recovered from lettuce (43%) than those recovered in Arugula and cucumber samples (38 %) (19 %), respectively. Whereas significant coliforms were detected in lettuce samples (52%) compared to those from Arugula and cucumber samples (38%) (10%), respectively. This study showed that raw lettuce and Arugula which are usually used may contain hazardous pathogens that may affect human health.


A new neural network model with more biological background is presented. Besides the usual prop. erties of internal potential, accumulation and outpuf, the new model is endowed with some dynamical factors such as local potential accumulation, adaptive variation of the threshold, the lateral links among the corresponding neurons ,is well as the adaptive change of the link weights in the evolution of the network. The typical dynamics and characteristics of associative memory can also be demonstrated through varying the values of the parameters in the neural net-work.


Ali Radmard and Asghar Mohajeri Sociological review of religious identity and social-mental health of second grade high school students of education organization of district 1 in 2015-2016 educational year Journal of Research in Ecology (2016) 4(2): 248-261 Sociological review of religious identity and social-mental health of second grade high school students of education organization of district 1 in 20152016 educational years


The mechanism and influencing factor of applying the soil aquifer treatment method with single equipment and less investment and convenient operation and management and low energy consumption and better purifying effect are analyzed combining the specialties of country sewage discharged dispersedly.The key points paying more attention to in the system are discussed.


In wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) schemes, splitters must be used to combine and separate different wavelengths. Conventional splitters are fairly large with footprints in hundreds to thousands of square microns, and experimentally-demonstrated MMI-based and inverse-designed ultra-compact splitters operate with only two channels and large channel spacing ($>$100 nm). Here we inverse design and experimentally demonstrate a three-channel wavelength demultiplexer with 40 nm spacing (1500 nm, 1540 nm, and 1580 nm) with a footprint of 24.75 $\mu\mathrm{m}^2$. The splitter has a simulated peak insertion loss of -1.55 dB with under -15 dB crosstalk and a measured peak insertion loss of -2.29 dB with under -10.7 dB crosstalk.


BACKGROUND
The relationship between age and serum HBV DNA levels with histological activity in chronic hepatitis B inactive carriers is still unclear. We evaluated the correlation between age and hepatitis B viral DNA levels with Metavir score in inactive chronic HBV carriers.

METHODS
50 patients (30 males and 20 females) were enrolled in the study after informed consent. Their blood samples were taken for routine investigations and specific tests for the study. Serum HBV DNA levels were quantified by real-time PCR. Metavir score was used for histologic grading.

RESULTS
A1F0, A1F1, A1F2, A2F2 and A2F3 metavir scores were found in 41 (82%), 4 (8%), 1 (2%), 3 (6%), and 1 (2%) patients, respectively. There was significant correlation between age > 40 years and Metavir scores (p < 0.001). However there was no significant correlation between HBV DNA level with Metavir score (p = 0.074).

CONCLUSION
Inactive carriers of 40 years of age or more should undergo liver biopsy to look for presence of significant histological findings despite having low HBV DNA level and normal SGPT level.


The toxicities of five low-toxic insecticides to 2nd instar of S.rubrocinctusin were studied in lab by dip method.The S.rubrocinctusin were feeded in different times that depends on insecticides.The results which were compared showed the toxicity of these insecticides were emamectin benzoate-chlorfenapyrabamectintriazophosbifenthrinrotenone,emamectin benzoate-chlorfenapyr was a superior pesticide to control S.rubrocinctusin.


At present age,economic globalization trend extraordinarily enhances.Globalization brings to developing countries deep impacts.This thesis stressly analyzes the positive and negative impacts of economic globalization on ecnomy of developing countries,and gives a lot of positive tactics responding to these impacts.


The study was conducted in Thaketa township in Myanmar involving 405 respondents aged 18 years and above. It was aimed: (i) to explore the extent of deng ue-related knowledge among caregivers; (ii) to identify the exposure of community members to the existing IEC materials; and (iii) to find out the factors related to high knowledge scores. The findings were triangulated by results from personal interviews, focus group discussions and observational checklist. The difference of mean scores among males and females was not statistically significant. Knowledge scores of the caregivers were not statistically different whether there was a primary DHF case at home or not. Almost 60% of the interviewees had received information on DHF by watching television and they observed that television was the most effective medium. Females with more than six years of schooling, persons who had access to pamphlets/posters, television, newspapers and journals got higher scores than the unexposed group. Less than 15% were not exposed to any of the IEC materials. Aedes aegypti larvae were found in 67% of water storage tanks and 15.9% of flower vases when using observational checklist. Focus group discussions were held for drafting IEC materials. Community members were more interested in the mode of DHF transmission to children rather than in the elimination of the Aedes mosquitoes. A low practice score was observed in those with high knowledge level, which means that high knowledge does not necessarily lead to high practice. Less than half of the respondents had seen posters and pamphlets. IEC materials need to be improved so that they present the message most effectively and they should be extensively distributed in the community.


SUMMARY

1
Superficially similar mechanisms of pedipalpar stridulation occur in the genera Pandinus and Heterometrus. The basic differences are pointed out and it is shown that part, at least, of the anatomical bases for both mechanisms occur in another scorpionid genus, Opisthophthalmus.

2
Contrary to previous opinions on the subject, it was found that the stridulatory movements in Pandinus and Heterometrus are not the same; in Pandinus they are defensive while those described for Heterometrus correspond to the movement of pedipalpar attack.

3
It is pointed out that these two different movements produce friction in different places: the attack movement causes most friction over surfaces which produce the sound in Heterometrus, the defensive movement at the points which have become stridulatory surfaces in Pandinus.

4
It is shown that there is anatomical preadaptation to cheliceral stridulation within the genus Opisthophthalmus.


The invention discloses a device for quickly diagnosing the crop nutrition level based on a polarized spectrum technology, and belongs to the technical field of diagnosis of crop nutrition levels. The device mainly comprises a computer, a controller, a polarization measurement module, a polarized parallel light generating module, a sample electric control rotary mechanism, a manual X-Y platform, a bracket and a carrying plate. The invention also discloses a method for quickly diagnosing the crop nutrition level based on the polarized spectrum technology. By analyzing polarized spectrums reflected and scattered by each point on the surface of a crop object, researching the influence of the change of microstructures of the leaf surface and the internal tissues of the crop on the polarization degree and establishing a corresponding relationship among the microstructure-based nutrition level, the polarization direction, the polarization degree and the reflected spectrum distribution, the crop nutrition level condition is accurately and quantitatively diagnosed. Compared with the conventional detection method, the method has the advantages of expanding the effective characteristic space and greatly improving the predicting precision of the crop nutrition level as expected. The device and the method realize high-precision quick detection of the crop nutrition level.


Online innovation contests have been used by more and more firms for idea seeking and problem solving. Most studies of contests take the perspective of innovation seekers, and little is known about solvers' strategies and responses. However, contest performance also relies on understanding solver responses. This paper provides insights to these questions. Specifically, we show that past experience of a solver is a good predictor of his future winning probability and that winners are more likely to be those who submit early or later during the submission period as opposed to those submit in the middle. We also find that "strategic waiting" (to submit solutions) is associated with higher winning probability. Furthermore, we show that different contests appear to attract solvers with different expertise, which invalids the common assumption of fixed solver expertise distribution across projects in previous literature. This finding has strategic implications to the design of contest parameters.


Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systematic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome, also referred to as drug-induced Hypersensitivity syndrome, is a distinct, potentially life-threatening adverse reaction. Clinical manifestations include rash, fever and visceral organ involvement, most commonly Hepatitis. The mortality rate associated with DRESS syndrome is approximately 10%, the majority due to fulminant liver. The pathogenesis of DRESS is complex and not fully understood. The syndrome develops 2 to 6 weeks after initiation of administration of a special drug. The cases in which the culprit drug is not obvious, clinicians must use their clinical judgement to select which medication to discontinue.The benefit of therapies aimed at accelerating the elimination of the causative drug deserves further studies. In the absence of well established therapy, primary and secondary prevention have a key role in the management of DRESS syndrome.


Chaotic switching is a newly evolve randomization method which can suppress conducted electromagnetic interference generated within the DC-DC converter. It can suppress the spectral peaks present in the frequency band effectively by spread spectrum technique and can spread it over the wide range of frequency band implying EMI suppression. In this paper, a chaotic PWM technique based on RCFMFD scheme is generated through Field programmable gate array (FPGA) for suppressing the conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) generated within the Luo converter. A hardware prototype of Luo converter was developed in order to analyze EMI reduction through FFT analysis by comparing both traditional periodic PWM switching and chaotic PWM switching. The results obtained from the hardware setup shows significant reduction of EMI with Chaotic switching as compared to traditional PWM switching for both boost and buck operation of Luo converter.


In the present era, Project Based Learning is a teaching method in which students gain knowledge and skills by working for an extended period of time to investigate and respond to an engaging and complex question, problem, or challenge. We made a robot capable of surveillance and also with an alternate application in detecting and following a pre specified object. The detection and recognition has been done using Matlab. The main aim of this book is to make a mobile, wireless robot capable of following a pre specified object and also can be used as a surveillance robot. For achieving this task we have chosen raspberry pi as processing hardware with Raspbian OS. The Raspberry pi is a credit-card sized computer that plugs to a TV or an HDMI monitor to view its interface. Camera Module attached to raspberry pi via cable into the CSI port of Pi The whole code for Object detection written in MATLAB. And this all processing has been done on raspberry pi which works on Raspbian OS based on Debian which is Linux OS. The total programming model is developed in MATLAB and using Simulink support package for Raspberry pi hardware.


Following the spate of corporate scandal around the world, there has been an increased demand for professionals trained in forensic accounting. However, despite the increase in demand for forensic accountants, studies show that no Nigerian university is offering forensic accounting course. This study therefore investigates the challenges inhibiting Nigerian universities from integrating forensic accounting course into the accounting curriculum. Results of findings indicated that the demand and interest in forensic accounting in Nigeria is expected to increase. The study further revealed that the challenges of integrating forensic accounting into accounting curriculum in Nigeria are more of academic and administrative bottleneck. The study thus, recommends some remedies to overcome these challenges. Without any equivocation, these results will be useful to universities that are considering integrating forensic accounting education into their accounting curriculum.


The paper discusses development of a smart digital twin of plants (DTP) based on the principles of emergent intelligence. The described methodology is part of the approach proposed by the authors earlier. It proposes implementation of a smart DTP as a multilevel complex adaptive system with the use of ontologies and multi-agent technologies. Models for interaction between agents of plant parts and subsystems can provide more accurate planning of each stage of plant growth. The paper describes the architecture of the DTP prototype, as well as a scenario of an experiment with it. Development of methodology will improve the accuracy of real plant simulation and simplify scaling of the system when developing ontological models of new crops.


Mesa-canyon karst physiognomy is a peculiar one first discovered in Fenghuang National Geopark.This paper discussed the characteristics of its development,forming conditions and process,then evaluated its landscape worth.In view of its representativeness,rareness,integrity and its scientific,aesthetic and social and economic values,it is of great significance to establish Fenghuang National Geopark which mainly consists of mesa-canyon karst landscape.


This article shows that the mutual authentication and key exchange protocols for low power wireless communications due to Wong and Chan (see Proc. IEEE MILCOM 2001 Conf., vol.1, p.39-43, Oct. 2001) are insecure against unknown key-share attacks.


Anomaly detection is an important problem that has been researched within diverse research areas and application domains. Many real-world applications such as intrusion or credit card fraud detection require an effective and efficient framework to identify deviated data instances. This template provides an easier and succinct understanding and comparisons between each of the outlier detection techniques for different applications. And introduce a new efficient approach which detects outlier with imperfect labels.


This paper constructs a measure of pervasive liquidity risk and its associated risk premium. I examine seven market-wide liquidity proxies and use Principal Component analysis to extract the first principal component, which captures 62% of the standardized liquidity variance. The first common factor is rewarded with a significant premium in cross-sectional asset pricing tests. Moreover, from 1971 through


This study is an early observation from the perspective of a Malay Muslim who has never been to New Zealand. The topic is related to the discipline of architecture as well as landscape architecture. It suggests the link between plant species, fern, with the cultural habits and values of Austronesian communities such as the Maori in New Zealand, the Malay in Sumatra, Indonesia and in Peninsular Malaysia. From a view of a cultural landscape perceptions, this study produce a comparisons on fern as an emblem with a comparisons of carving motif using ferns in other Austronesian community such as Maori in the aninism society in New Zealand and Islam for the Malay in Malaysia and Minangkabau in Indonesia. It is important to study the relationship of fern and carving in the Austronesian and Malay architectures in order to see how environment influenced the society. Moreover, how the environment is use as tool or metaphor to educate society. In term of human geography, the sea farers origins of Maori in New Zealand and Malays in the Malay Archipelago can be traced by the sea route around Polynesian island. Though differs in believes the Austronesian still have their similarities. This is seen in the use of ferns as the carving motives as demonstrate in this study.


Aim To study the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen (Ace) in healthy volunteers and total recovery of its metabolites in urine. Methods 1.0 g Ace was administrated orally in 6 fasted healthy males; saliva and 24 h urine were collected regularly for the determination of Ace, glucuronide Ace (GA) and sulfate Ace (SA) levels by using HPLC. Results Ace in saliva showed that t 1/2 was ( 2.50 ± 0.29) h , CL was ( 10.3 ± 1.6) L·h -1 , k was ( 0.28 ± 0.03 ), AUC was ( 98.9 ± 16.7) μg ·h·ml -1 , V d was ( 44.4 ± 16.5) L ; GA and SA in 24 h urine and in total recovery were ( 3.4 ± 0.7 )%, ( 37.5 ± 10.2 )%, ( 24.5 ± 15.5 )% and ( 70.4 ± 7.7 )% respectively. Conclusions Compared with those reported by researchers in western countries, t 1/2 of Ace prolonged 25% and total elimination was only 50% of theirs. It seemed that low hepatic glucuronide metabolism might be an important factor for prolongation of t 1/2 of Ace.


Abstract A diastereoselective approach to the synthesis of berkeleylactone F is presented. The synthetic strategy is initiated with commercially available (R)-glycidol, 1,6-heptadiyne, and (R)-(+)-methyl lactate. The key feature of the approach is directional functionalization at both terminals of 1,6-heptadiyne.


The structure of melamine formaldehyde(MF) resins obtained at different reacting process conditions had obvious difference.It was very useful to characterize the structure for judgment of reaction's terminal,storage stability and application of MF resin.The contents of chemical groups for different formaldehyde combination form in MF resins synthesized at three typical reacting conditions were tested by means of chemical analysis.The chemical structure of the resin was analyzed according to the reacting process conditions and analysis results.


A novel 2-tetralol-type xyloside, named asplenoside, was isolated from the fronds of Asplenium wilfordii. The structure was determined as (6R)-5, 6, 7, 8-tetrahydro-6-β-D-xylopyranosyloxy-2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid by chemical and spectral means. Application of the glycosylation shift rule in 13C-NMR spectroscopy to the determination of the absolute configuration is described.


The design and realization of MP3 decoder fixed DSP-based are introduced in this paper. It is fixed DSP TMS320rc5416 as core with high performance and realizes real-time decode for the data of MP3 by programming DSP.