In this paper, we examined the spatial and temporal variations in precipitation amount, frequency, and intensity in China based on daily precipitation data from 2050 weather stations from 1973 to 2016. We used two Markov chain parameters to quantify the wet persistence and dry persistence that characterizes the temporal pattern of wet and dry days, respectively. We found that China's annual precipitation changed little from 1973 to 2016, but varied dramatically from 524 to 688 mm yr−1, with an average of 592 mm yr−1, during this period. China's precipitation frequency, the number of days with effective precipitation (>0.1 mm day−1) in a year, significantly decreased at a rate of 0.9 days decade−1 from 1973 to 2016, but precipitation intensity significantly increased at a rate of 0.12 mm day−1 decade−1 during the same period. Of the changes in China's total precipitation amount, precipitation intensity played a dominant role, contributing 70.8%, while precipitation frequency contributed the remaining 29.2%. Little change was found in the wet persistence in China over the period of 1973–2016, but the dry persistence significantly increased with an average increasing trend of 1.62 × 10−3 probability per decade during the same period, and no significant correlations were found between these two variables. China's precipitation also changed nonuniformly in space, with increasing trends in precipitation amount, frequency, intensity, and wet persistence in western and northeastern China but decreasing trends in the Sichuan basin, northeast of Inner Mongolia, and the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region.


Object:Studying the regulation mechanism of GP and/or training on plasma lipoprotein metabolism and exploring its mechanism of anti-lipoperoxidation in the Experimental Hyperlipemia Rats.Methods:The rats were raised by high fat diet for six weeks,and the model of hypenlipemia was then established.After that,those rats were treated with GP and training for four weeks.Then those rats were executed,and the plasma TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,GSH-Px were detected,at the same time the SOD,CAT and MDA concentrates also be mensurated.Results:The results showed that GPs and training could decrease the concentration of serum LDL-C,cholesterol and triglyceride remarkably and raise the concentration of HDL-C.The activity of GSH-Px,SOD and CAT in GP groups is promoted and the level of MAD is decreased distinctly.Conclusion:The GPs treated with training could cure the abnormity of serum lipid and has obviously anti-lipoperoxidation effect.


In this paper the sheaf semantics of intuitionistic logic is studied, introducing a new notion of variable theory. A variable theory is a continuous function which takes values in a topological space of first order theories. We characterize the class of variable theories for which there exists a sheaf model, and study the problem of extending an arbitrary continuous function to a variable theory with a sheaf model, obtaining partial results.


Low-income residents of Washington State are fortunate to have a myriad of health care financing arrangements designed to protect them from access barriers and financial ruin.' The challenge facing professionals charged with linking clients to these arrangements is to competently advise and empower them to make informed decisions while still taking into account their specific circumstances. The challenge facing lawmakers charged with balancing the state's budget is to understand the impact of their actions on end users in the already vastly confusing world of health care. The universe of federal, state, and combined federal-state health care financing arrangements available to Washington residents cannot be described statically. To a new practitioner attempting to gain a full understanding of the range and inner workings of available health insurance programs, frustration is sure to ensue. The most troubling scenario is the hindsight discovery of a previously unknown health care financing arrangement from the recesses of a reference binder or camouflaged by verbiage in a statute or regulation. Elements of the snapshot presented in this Article may be dated shortly after publication. For example, although unlikely in the present economic climate, it is possible that the Washington State Legislature will authorize new financing arrangement options that this Article will not reflect. More likely, some of the programs described in


This paper presents preliminary results about realization of a DCM degrading vapour-phase biofilter. Specific microorganisms were isolated from chloorganics contaminated soils and selected after screening growth tests in the presence of DCM at different concentrations. A strain of Penicillium and a microbial consortium were isolated and separately inoculated into two identical lab-scale bioreactors (0.5L volume) packed with expanded clay in granular form. Results revealed better performance for the consortium than Penicillium, but for both the biomasses elimination capacity was very low (< 50 gm-3h-1) and removal efficiency decreased below 20% after about 2 months operation. A new isolation process was then carried out from a municipal waste sludge and a new microbial consortium was isolated and batch growth kinetics in the presence of dichloromethane at different pHs was investigated.


To improve the efficiency of the GEP discovering knowledge,this paper proposed and implemented the dynamic fit- ness function of GEP.Applied the precision stepwise adaptation of weights to the dynamic adaptation of the GEP fitness func- tion.Took the linear N dimension vector function as a component of the GEP fitness function,with which improved the compu- ting efficiency.Gave extended experiments on inverse function mining and equation solving to show that the new method im- proves the precision of the inverse function by around 8% compare to the traditional GEP.


I. Introduction The honor of being selected to host the Olympic Games is the highest honor that a National Olympic Committee (NOC) can receive. With this honor, though, comes great responsibility. An Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games (OCOG) is responsible for constructing necessary venues and stadiums; providing food and lodging for hundreds of athletes and officials; and ensuring adequate security; not to mention staging the largest competition in sports. (1) An OCOG also has the responsibility of designing a novel logo for the Olympic Games that will be held in its country. This logo will be used to promote the Games across the globe. Because of its important purpose, the logo should represent the Games and be readily identifiable as being connected to the particular Olympic Games organized by the OCOG. As such, it should be distinct and not confused with the logo of any other event or organization. If an OCOG falls short on this responsibility and fails to design a unique logo, problems can occur. This is the particular problem that the Rio OCOG was faced with last year after unveiling its logo for the 2016 Olympics. Shortly after the logo was unveiled, it became apparent that the logo slightly resembled a logo that was already being used in the United States (U.S.) by the Telluride Foundation. As allegations of copying arose, one could not help but wonder what types of legal ramifications the Rio OCOG might face. This paper will analyze the potential claims that a U.S. company might have against the use of its logo by an Olympic Organizing Committee. Part II will describe the specific controversy between the Telluride Foundation logo and the 2016 Olympic Games logo. Part III will discuss the general protections of trademark law. Part IV will consider how these trademark laws should be taken into account in choosing a forum to bring suit. Part V will discuss the trademark issues unique to Olympic marks. Part VI will then use these laws and rules to analyze the controversy over the 2016 Olympic Games logo. Finally, Part VII will consider this analysis in determining what U.S. companies can do in the future to further protect themselves from situations like this. II. A TRADITION OF OLYMPIC LOGO CONTROVERSIES Every lawsuit begins with some form of controversy. This section will explain the specific controversy over the 2016 Rio Olympic Games logo. This is not the first time that the legality of Olympic logos and marks has been called into question. A. The Controversy Over the 2016 Olympic Games Logo The Organizing Committee for the Rio 2016 Olympic Games was established shortly after Brazil was selected to host the 2016 Olympic Games. (2) The Rio OCOG is a nonprofit, private company, located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. (3) Moreover, the Rio OCOG is the body responsible for planning and hosting the 2016 Olympic Games. (4) One of the first organizing responsibilities that the Rio OCOG sought to accomplish after being established was to develop a logo for the 2016 Olympics. To fulfill this duty, the Rio OCOG organized a competition among Brazilian design agencies to design and submit prospective logos for the Games. (5) In total, 139 designs were submitted for the Rio OCOG to choose from. (6) In the end, after a five-month selection process, the Rio OCOG selected the design submitted by the Tatil Agency. (7) The Tatil Agency design depicts three multicolored figures holding hands and dancing above the phrase "Rio 2016" and the five interlaced Olympic rings. (8) The Rio OCOG stated several reasons for choosing this design: (1) the fact that the figures are holding hands represents one of the ideals of the Olympic movement, namely "togetherness in diversity;" (2) the fact that the figures are dancing communicates Rio's joie de vivre; (3) the three colors used in the design-green, yellow and blue-mimic the colors of the Brazilian flag; and (4) the outer shape of the design traces the shape of Rio's most famous natural landmark, the Pao d'Acucar, or Sugarloaf Mountain. …


The matching efficiency of content-based publish and subscribe model(pub/sub model) can be more optimized since users on Internet have different needs for data and popular data is always changing. In this paper, a brand new matching model - Quasi-Optimal Binary Search Tree (QOBST) which is adaptive was proposed. Based on the idea of optimal binary search tree and avoiding the complex construction process of optimal binary search tree, QOBST is designed as an approximate optimal solution with time complexity of O(log2N). The subscription division of QOBST can completely avoid the secondary matching. Its index structure is changed with the changes of subscription and inputting data, making it easier to match the data with high frequency. Experimental results show that QOBST can be applied to content-based pub/sub models, especially distributed content-based pub/sub models.


Although extreme obesity and being underweight are both known as risk factors for mortality in patients with ventricular assist devices (VAD) and in those listed for urgent heart transplantation (HTx), the risk in patients between these extremes is controversial. We investigate the risk of mortality after their progression to critically ill status (i.e., urgency listing or VAD implantation) in patients stratified by body mass index (BMI). Risk of mortality on the waiting list was studied in group N (n = 134), normal weight, BMI: 18.5–24.9 kg/m2; group OWt (n = 112), overweight, BMI: 25.0–29.9 kg/m2; and group OB-I (n = 39), obesity class I, BMI: 30.0–34.9 kg/m2. Patients' 1 year survival rate on the waiting list in group N (62.2%) and group OB-I (50.6%) was significantly lower than in group OWt (74.3%, p = 0.036 and p = 0.022, respectively). After adjustment for age, gender, serum creatinine, and primary use of VAD, group OB-I (hazard ratio [HR] 1.971, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.062–3.659, p = 0.032) and group N (HR 1.792, 95% CI 1.058–3.036, p = 0.030) were at higher risk of mortality compared with group OWt. Overweight HTx candidates have the best prognosis on the waiting list. Obesity class I patients are encouraged to reduce their body weight to at least overweight.


Some cellulosic derivatives are soluble in cold water, but above a clouding temperature they form a polymer-rich phase which progressively expels water as the temperature is raised. This phase separation may be modified by adding surfactants. Over a certain range of compositions and temperatures, some of these systems form thermoreversible gels. Small angle neutron scattering experiments are reported for the gels made of ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (type CP-30) and cationic surfactants. The results show that the surfactants cause a dissociation of the polymer-rich phase into smaller lumps, with sizes on the order of 500 A. Each lump is formed by the loose association of polymer strands belonging to many macromolecules and is covered by surfactant. The mechanical rigidity of the gel originates from the association of the macromolecules through these lumps.


There is a need in obtaining high level of professional competence by the university lecturers for the purpose of training specialists who meet the requirements of the labor market. This article describes a methodological approach to forming the professional competence of the university lecturer by the example of the industry-specific (fisheries) university. This article specifies a set of basic components defining the lecturers' expertise and reveals its content with specific reference to FSSEI HPE Far Eastern State Technical Fisheries University's activities on the formation of professional competence of the higher-education teaching personnel.


Adiposity, particularly visceral adipose tissue (VAT), predicts adverse cardiovascular risk factor profiles in children as well as adults. Although endogenous sex steroids likely influence VAT in adults, such an association has not been established in youth. The association between childhood and adolescent sex steroids with adiposity, specifically VAT, was examined before and after adjustment for other hormone changes.


ABSTRACT

IMPROVED ABILITY TO READ THE BEGINNING OF LETTERS ON CARDS THROUGH MEDIA GROUP B CHILDREN ODD
SEMESTER TK PERTIWI 2 SUMURBOTO
BLORA LESSONS YEAR 2015/2016

Rukmini.A531130021. Department of Early Childhood Education. The Faculty of Education, University of Muhammadiyah Surakarta, 2015.

This study aims to improve the child's reading through the letters card. This type of research is peneltian class act. The subjects of this study is a learner group B in Kindergarten Earth 2 Sumurboto Year 2015/2016. This research is a classroom action research (PTK) with the working procedure two (2) cycle consists of four stages: planning, action, observation and reflection. Data Analysis, Data collection method of observation, field notes and documentation. The results showed an increase in reading students. Research shows that the average reading children before action is 50.20%. After learning activities hurug card in the first cycle, reading children increased to 61.67% in the second cycle of reading increased to 89.67%. Overall activity letter cards can improve child's reading group in Kindergarten Earth 2 Sumurboto.

Keywords: Early reading ability, through letters card


A criterion is proposed for determining which explicit Runge–Kutta formulas are the most promising as a basis for developing good library subroutines for solving nonstiff initial-value problems associated with ordinary differential equations. The criterion is based on a theoretical measure of the cost of solving classes of linear homogeneous problems with constant coefficients. It takes into account the trade-off between reliability and efficiency, as well as the user's accuracy requirement. Results are presented for twenty-one formulas; one of the recently developed formula pairs due to Verner appears to be one of the most promising currently available. Moreover, our results support the thesis that the use of local extrapolation will usually improve the performance of a method. These conclusions are also supported by some empirical results collected over a relatively wide class of nonstiff problems. Finally, some suggestions are given on how to exploit these results, particularly if local extrapolation i...


In this paper, we present a scheme for embedding data in copies (color or monochrome) of predominantly text pages that may also contain color images or graphics. Embedding data imperceptibly in documents or images is a key ingredient of watermarking and data hiding schemes. It is comparatively easy to hide a signal in natural images since the human visual system is less sensitive to signals embedded in noisy image regions containing high spatial frequencies. In other instances, e.g. simple graphics or monochrome text documents, additional constraints need to be satisfied to embed signals imperceptibly. Data may be embedded imperceptibly in printed text by altering some measurable property of a font such as position of a character or font size. This scheme however, is not very useful for embedding data in copies of text pages, as that would require accurate text segmentation and possibly optical character recognition, both of which would deteriorate the error rate performance of the data-embedding system considerably. Similarly, other schemes that alter pixels on text boundaries have poor performance due to boundary-detection uncertainties introduced by scanner noise, sampling and blurring. The scheme presented in this paper ameliorates the above problems by using a text-region based embedding approach. Since the bulk of documents reproduced today contain black on white text, this data-embedding scheme can form a print-level layer in applications such as copy tracking and annotation.


Implementation is posited as a multiphasic process, influenced by a range of factors, within a multilevel context. While there appears to be a general consensus that every implementation initiative will have a unique combination of influences that vary in importance across the implementation phases, leadership is an essential tenant throughout implementation frameworks, models, and theories. The exploration, preparation, implementation, sustainment framework is used to explore leadership, at both the inner organizational level and the outer system level, and to guide a discussion regarding three critical issues involved in implementation (organizational climate/culture, collaborative relationships, and contracting). Finally, three implementation strategies focused on improving leadership are described in order to provide examples of these issues.


1. A method for processing user intended incoming text message, comprising: determining at least one lexical item as a candidate for insignificant lexical items by parsing the text message containing significant and insignificant lexical units, the implementation of the first check at least one candidate insignificant lexical units by comparison with insignificant lexical units from the first database lexical units formed on Snov parsing the previous text messages intended user; implementation of the second scan of said at least one in-significant lexical units candidate by comparing with insignificant lexical units of the second database forcing lexical units formed as a result of the syntactic analysis of previous text messages intended user group of a plurality of users, determining candidate insignificant lexical units as padding lexical unit with a positive response of the first and / or second proverki.2. A method according to Claim. 1, wherein the formed abstract text message so that insignificant lexical units missing in the abstract text soobscheniya.3. A method according to claim. 2, which is provided with the abstract text message at least one phrase having semantic znachenie.4. A method according to any one of claims. 2 or 3, wherein a text message for the abstract most significant part of the text soobscheniya.5. A method according to claim. 4, which define the most significant


This study analyzes the shift in the science communication landscape, which is starting to be influenced by the presence of influencers on social media. Influencers who influence to construct audience opinions allow the birth of different interpretations of scientific information among the audience, especially the lay audience. These can be seen in the discussion about wildlife care tweeted by veterinarian Nur Purba Priambada who criticized influencer Alshad Ahmad. The reaction to Purbo's tweet shows that not all audiences agree with the scientific information shared by Purbo, even though Purbo has a scientific background. On the other side, some audiences support the influencer Alshad Ahmad who keeps the wildlife on his own. This study uses the netnographic method. This study aims to examines how science communication that takes place on social media affects audience reactions to scientific information shared by scientists and influencers, in this case, Purbo and Alshad Ahmad. The study result shows that the audience does not necessarily believe the information shared by people with scientific backgrounds in a scientific discussion on social media. Although some audiences believe the scientists' scientific information, other audiences trust the influencer more. This finding can be a consideration for scientists to develop an effective communication style on social media regarding scientific information to audiences, especially lay audiences.


By using the template-switching mechanism at 5' end of mRNA technique to construct the library, a powerscript reverse transcriptase was used to transcribe, and a 5'-oligo fragment as an extended template was added to 5'end of mRNA to enrich full-length cDNAs. After amplification, the ds cDNAs digested by sfi I and size-fractionated by columns were recombined into #lambda#TripIEx_(2) vectors. After package, the recombinant vectors were titered and the recombinant rate (blue/white) was determined, then the library was amplified. We identified the library using PCR reaction to determine the size of the inserts. The titer of cDNA library was 2.6*10~(6)pfu·mL~(-1), the rate of recombinant was above 95%, and the titer of amplified librart was 9*10~11)pfu·mL~(-1). The insert size ranged from 0.7 to 2kb. The cDNA library of human normal kidne we constructed is a highly efficient one and can be used for screening by probe and antibody to find the genes relaterd to kidney diseases.


Misinformation on social media has become a serious concern. Marking news stories with credibility indicators, possibly generated by an AI model, is one way to help people combat misinformation. In this paper, we report the results of two randomized experiments that aim to understand the e�ects of AI-based credibility indicators on people's perceptions of and engagement with the news, when people are under social in�uence such that their judgement of the news is in�uenced by other people. We �nd that the presence of AI-based credibility indicators nudges people into aligning their belief in the veracity of news with the AI model's prediction regardless of its correctness, thereby changing people's accuracy in detecting misinformation. However, AI-based credibility indicators show limited impacts on in�uencing people's engagement with either real news or fake news when social in�uence exists. Finally, it is shown that when social in�uence is present, the e�ects of AI-based credibility indicators on the detection and spread of misinformation are larger as compared to when social in�uence is absent, when these indicators are provided to people before they form their own judgements about the news. We conclude by providing implications for better utilizing AI to �ght misinformation.


problem of multimedia search has widened given the additional input modalities now commonly available through the sensor rich clients. This column first reviews the recent progress in the field of mobile media search and then discusses the enabling media indexing and query technologies. Some useful online links and resources will be listed for the interested readers for further research. Unless otherwise noted, the resources are free.


The use of probiotics as preventive agents in colorectal cancer (CRC), as widely suggested in many clinical and pre-clinical studies, was often linked to the potency of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the gut. However, there remains an incomplete understanding of the fatty-acid-producing activity of certain probiotics and their cancer preventive potential. In the current study, L. fermentum strains were investigated for their potential use with CRC treatments. Using cell-free extracts, L. fermentum NCIMB -5221, - 2797, and -8829 were first compared based on their SCFAs production and anti-proliferative activity against Caco-2 colon cancer cells. The corresponding SCFAs synthetic formulations, similar to the ones produced by the bacteria, were prepared and compared with the latter to determine the role and efficacy of naturally produced SCFAs in inhibiting the proliferation of colon cancer cells. Subsequently, the bioactivity and stability of L. fermentum bacterial strains in a simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) was determined. Results showed that L. fermentum NCIMB -5221 and -8829 were the most potent in producing SCFAs, in particular, acetic (192.3 ± 4 mg/L minimum), propionic (69.2 ± 1.6 mg/L minimum), and butyric (35.4 ± 2.9 mg/L minimum) acids. They were also found to inhibit the growth of Caco-2 cells (53.4 ± 1.6%, 72 h, p = 0.021) in comparison with L. acidophilus ATCC 314. Additionally, they showed resistance to SIF (16.3 ± 1.9% minimum, 72 h, p = 0.006) and produced SCFAs in SIF at concentrations high enough to significantly inhibit Caco-2 proliferation (74.73 ± 2.1%, 72 h). Based on characteristics related to bacterial cell survival, SCFA production, and anti-proliferative activity, L. fermentum NCIMB -5221 and - 2797 could potentially be considered as biotherapeutic agents against CRC.


AGE OF TRANSGRESIVE MIOCENE DEPOSITS AT MAZAŃCOWICE NEAR BIELSKO (WESTERN CARPATHIANS) In the region of Mazancowice (about 5 km. north of Bielsko), marine deposits of the Miocene lie unconformably and transgressively on top of Carpathian Flysch sediments, and are folded together with them. In the substratum consisting of Miocene clays there appear red and green argillaceous shales containing a characteristic foraminifer fauna which indicates the Upper Cretaceous - Palaeocene - Eocene. Amidst these shales there extends a thin intercalation of glauconitic sandstones. The younger Eocene members are represented by light-gray platy marls and by brown argillaceous shales with hornstones intercalations (menilitic beds). These strata represent the so-called Subsilesian series, distinguished and described in detail by M. Ksiązkiewicz (1951).


The global plastics pollution crisis has multiple visible and invisible effects on marine, land and air environments. Fossil fuel-based plastics production is projected to triple by 2060, driving a plastics lifecycle that exacerbates climate change, contaminates ecosystems and poses risks to human rights, especially the human right to health. Existing governance measures help tackle plastics waste pollution but cannot effectively address its systemic nature. Drafting a Global Plastics Treaty, due for adoption in 2025, is an opportunity to design ambitious international plastics governance. This article argues for a human rights-based approach to the proposed treaty's framing and substance by integrating, in particular, the human right to health, supplemented by the human right to a healthy environment. Embedding human rights considerations through a precautionary and preventative approach, shifting responsibility to polluters and showing concern for intergenerational equity would combat plastics pollution, accelerate climate action, protect ocean ecosystems and safeguard human rights.


The book Ethnic Groups and Their Culture,whose chief editor is Professor Xu Jie-shun,was published by the Heilongjiang People's Publishing House in 2006 and collected the relevant achievements of studies of ethnic groups of the contemporary anthropology researchers.The works provides the latest interpretation of ethnic groups study in the academic circle in China and falls into such sections as special articles,concept of ethnic groups,theory of ethnic groups,identity of ethnic groups,relations of ethnic groups and culture of ethnic groups.


Under the environment of health care system reform, how to improve hospital reform through post management is very important. Based on the historical and experience of post management in public hospital, meanings and difficulties of post management in public hospital were analyzed. The recommends on how to improve post management in public hospital were discussed.


Methanol electrochemical oxidation in a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is considered to be an efficient pathway for generating renewable energy with low pollutant emissions. NiO−CuO and Ni0.95Cr0.05O2+δ thin films were synthesized using a simple dip-coating method and tested for the electro-oxidation of methanol. These synthesized electrocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Raman spectroscopy. Different electrochemical techniques were used to investigate the catalytic activity of these prepared electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation, including linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and chronoamperometry (CA). In the presence of 0.3 M methanol, the current densities of NiO−CuO and Ni0.95Cr0.05O2+δ thin films were found to be 12.2 mA·cm−2 and 6.5 mA·cm−2, respectively. The enhanced catalytic activity of NiO−CuO and Ni0.95Cr0.05O2+δ thin films may be a result of the synergistic effect between different metal oxides. The Chronoamperometry (CA) results of the mixed metal oxide thin films confirmed their stability in basic media. Furthermore, the findings of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of mixed metal oxide thin films demonstrated a lower charge transfer resistance as compared to the pure NiO, CuO, and Cr2O3 thin films.


Seymour Papert has recently called for a "revaluation of the concrete": a revolution in education and cognitive science that will overthrow logic from "on top and put it on tap." Turkle and Papert (1991) situate the concrete thinking paradigm in a new "epistemological pluralism" an acceptance and valuation of multiple thinking styles, as opposed to their stratification into heirarchically valued stages. As evidence of an emerging trend towards the concrete, they cite feminist critics such as Gilligan's (1982) work on the contextual or relational mode of moral reasoning favored by most women, and Fox Keller's (1983) analysis of the Nobel-prize-winning biologist Barbar McClintock's proximal relationship with her maize plants, her "feeling for the organism." They cite hermeneutic critics such as Lave (1988), whose studies of situated cognition suggest that all learning is highly specific and should be studied in real world contexts.


ABSTRACT The breeding biology of the Dead Sea sparrow was studied in two localities in the Rift Valley in Israel. The birds are monogamous and breed in loose colonies. Laying occurs from the end of March to the end of June. Mean incubation length is ca. 12 days and is significantly and negatively correlated with ambient temperatures. Mean clutch size ranges between 3.6 and 4.5 and decreases during the season. Hatching and fledging success range from 40% to 43% and from 27% to 28%, respectively. Nesting failures are caused by competition with other bird species, predation, desertion and infertility of eggs. Some females (9%-20%) relay after the young of the first clutch fledge; the mean time interval between laying the first eggs of the first and second clutches is 40–43 days. Sometimes females relay while still feeding young of the first clutch. The timing of laying and its relation to various environmental parameters is discussed, as well as the relationship between the breeding range extension of this s...


The application and assessment of a computer program called CAP-TSD (Computational Aeroelasticity Program - Transonic Small Disturbance) for flutter predictions are described. Flutter calculations are presented for two thin swept-and-tapered wing planforms with well-defined modal properties. One planform is a series of 45-degree swept wings and the other planform is a clipped delta wing. Comparisons are made between the results of CAP-TSD using the linear equation and no airfoil thickness and the results obtained from a subsonic kernel function analysis. The calculations cover a Mach number range from low subsonic to low supersonic values, including the transonic range, and are compared with subsonic linear theory and experimental data. It is noted that since both wings have very thin airfoil sections, the effects of thickness are minimal.


We perform an updated phenomenological analysis of the Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein (MSW) solutions of the solar neutrino problem, assuming oscillations between two and three neutrino families. The analysis includes the total rates of the Homestake, SAGE, GALLEX, Kamiokande and Super-Kamiokande experiments, as well as the day-night asymmetry and the 18-bin energy spectrum of Super-Kamiokande. Solutions are found at several values of the theta_{13} mixing angle. Among the most interesting features, we find that solar neutrino data alone put the constraint theta_{13} pi/4), especially if the neutrino square mass splitting is in its lower range (m^2_2-m^2_1 ~ 10^{-7} eV^2) and if theta_{13} is nonzero. In particular, bimaximal (or nearly bimaximal) mixing is possible for atmospheric and MSW solar neutrino oscillations within the stringent reactor bounds on theta_{13}.


Dynamic lateral lane change (DLLC) control of automated and connected vehicles (ACVs) is challenging because of the time-varying and complex properties of the traffic environment. This study proposes a DLLC control strategy combining dynamic trajectory planning and tracking. According to the real-time longitudinal accelerations and velocities of multiple surrounding vehicles, as well as the real-time states of the ACVs, the safe trajectory reference of DLLC is obtained by solving a case-dependent constrained optimisation problem. The lane changing efficiency, vehicle stability and passenger comfort are considered jointly in the trajectory planning. Then, the dynamic trajectory reference is tracked through a gain-scheduling control algorithm combining previewed trajectory feed-forward and ACVs states feedback. Gain-scheduling control algorithm based on a linear time-varying form is utilised to achieve the precise control of the different velocities and improve the real-time ability of the algorithm. The proposed strategy is tested through software and hardware-in-loop experiments, and in different test scenarios. The results of simulations and experiments show that the proposed control strategy can achieve a satisfactory performance of DLLC. The lane changing efficiency, safety, passenger comfort and vehicle stability are verified in complex traffic environments.


Empires in Collision marks the publication of three lectures that G. W. Bowersock delivered at Jerusalem in 2011. As the title implies, these lectures focus on certain historical episodes that shaped how the later Roman and Sasanian Persians empires embarked upon a mutually destructive conflict in the early seventh century, thus enabling the Muslim Arab conquests of the Levant, Mesopotamia, and Iran during the 630s and 640s. The series for which Bowersock wrote his lectures honors pioneer Me...


The proposed article highlights the importance of studying the phenomenon of fake news spreading based on sentiment analysis solutions (use of natural language processing techniques) and data mining (obtaining relevant information from the study of data), given the diversification and travel speed of these types of news, as well as the need to implement mechanisms to assist us, in a first stage, in gaining a thorough understanding of them and, subsequently, in taking the necessary steps to limit the spread of the phenomenon. The method of qualitative analysis of specialised studies was used for this article.


This study is a classroom action research which aims to apply the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model as an effort to improve the learning activities of class XII MIA 3 SMA Negeri 1 Padang students. This research is conducted in two cycles on genetic substance material. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely planning, implementing, observing, and reflecting. The instrument used in this study is the student's observation sheet as a form of reflection in each cycle. Six aspects that observed were working on the student's worksheets, working together/discussing in groups, observing presentation activities, giving responses/questions, paying attention to teacher explanations, answering questions or giving opinions. The results showed that the learning activities of students through the application of the PBL model were classified as good category. This category based on an increase of student's activities from the first cycle with an average achievement score of 60% (good category) to cycle II with an average achievement score of 76% (very good category).


In the article by Vanremoortere (This Journal, Vol. 96, p. 276) the word "acetylcholine" should replace the word "curare" in line 18 of page 283.


(Continued from page 1174.) PROFESSOR JOHN B. ROBERTS'S small volume On Disfigurements of the Face,' deals with a very interesting branch ot surgery, and one which is always attractive to an ingenious mind. Unfortunately the book is but an abstract of a course of lectures, and suffers considerably from its subject matter being very closely compressed. The first chapter gives a brief review of the development of reparative or plastic surgery, and narrates several striking instances of the substitution of one part of the body for a defect elsewhere, a proceeding which the author calls "implantation therapy." The second chapter gives a rapid survey of the constructive, regional and artistic anatomy of the face, and then the principles of plastic surgery in that region are dealt with. Several pages are occupied by a description of the methods employed in rectifying deformities of the lips and mouth, especially harelip and cleft palate, and the writer quotes Pancoast's expression of opinion that there is scarcely any loss of substance, however hideous, of the mouth ana lips which cannot be remedied by modern surgeons. There are, however, always two sides to the question of plastic surgery of the face. The surgeon is often extremely well satisfied with the results he has obtained under circumstances of great difficulty, while the patient is equally dissatisfied because when the original defect is remedied traces of the means employed remain permanently, and these two aspects of facial surgery should not be lost sight of.


Tiller dynamics and net aerial primary productivity (NAPP) were studied in permanent sample plots of Spartina densiflora at Otamendi Natural Reserve (Buenos Aires Province, Argentina) from June 1996 to December 1997. Emergence, growth, senescence, survival, biomass dynamics, and tiller productivity were analyzed. These population attributes varied seasonally during the first study year, whereas variations were not detected in the subsequent year. Tiller density increased slightly during the first twelve months, attaining 2445±869 tillers·m−2, then remaining constant until the end of the study period. Senescence rate was lower than emergence rate on most sampling occasions. Cohorts originated in different seasons showed distinct survival curves. The life span of tillers was at least 18 months, Green biomass reached maximum values (771±410 g·m−2) during the first year but decreased during the last six months of observations. Annual NAPP was 1450±566 g·m−2·y−1. Average productivity rate was higher in the first year than in the second year. The decrease in the population density of tillers of S. densiflora and the increase in its senescence rate were more likely related to grazing and flooding than to population dynamics.


It is important to carry out research on the compress strain model parameters for municipal solid waste,which is related with sanitary landfill design,building and management.In this paper,according to the compositional characteristics of Chongqing municipal solid waste,the sample was confected and the compress test was carried out.The results showed that in the initial stage the compress strain is higher and after an accelerating period the strain became steady.The strain speed was great before 24 hours and after that time the strain speed became gentle.It is suggested that the compress strain of 24 hours may be adopted to replace the utmost strain.According to this specialty,one can adopt the generalized Kelvin model to simulate the strain,so as to fit the test results and get the parameters.


Through the propositus it was possible to draw the pedigree of a family with 12 individuals affected by myotonic dystrophy. Clinical and laboratory aspects were analysed and many of them ratify the findings published before. Some new contributions are made since some data differ from the previous quoted. The heredity of the anomaly is characterized by transmition of an autosomal dominant factor.


The primary scientific objective of the High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (HESSI) Small Explorer mission selected by NASA is to investigate the physics of particle acceleration and energy release in solar flares. Observations will be made of x-rays and (gamma) rays from approximately 3 keV to approximately 20 MeV with an unprecedented combination of high resolution imaging and spectroscopy. The HESSI instrument utilizes Fourier- transform imaging with 9 bi-grid rotating modulation collimators and cooled germanium detectors. The instrument is mounted on a Sun-pointed spin-stabilized spacecraft and placed into a 600 km-altitude, 38 degrees inclination orbit.It will provide the first imaging spectroscopy in hard x-rays, with approximately 2 arcsecond angular resolution, time resolution down to tens of ms, and approximately 1 keV energy resolution; the first solar (gamma) ray line spectroscopy with approximately 1-5 keV energy resolution; and the first solar (gamma) -ray line and continuum imaging,with approximately 36-arcsecond angular resolution. HESSI is planned for launch in July 2000, in time to detect the thousands of flares expected during the next solar maximum.


The normal microflora in intestiual canal of health adult sheep in pastoral area was determined by meaus of quantitative analysis,The results showed that the preponderant microflora were Bacteroidaceal.Bifidobacteria.Lactobacillus and Enterobacteriaceal in order and the average logarithm value of them in different intestinal canal were 8.17±0.39,7.84±0.42,7.48±0.37 and 7.20±0.34,respectively,while Staphylococcus was the lowest microflota and the averagl logarithm value was 1.04±0.32.


In order to solve gas local short-time overrun problem in fully mechanized coal face of BU Ertai coal mine,this paper studied the distribution characteristics and gas emission concentration as well as gas emission sources through theoretical analysis and field measurement,and main components were analyzed in 42101 fully mechanized mining of BU Ertai coal mine.The results show that gas emission decreases by exponential function with the changes in the from fully mechanized coal face of BU Ertai coal mine; 42101 fully mechanized coal face seam gas content of 85.5% comes from own coal seam and emission of coal seam gas accounted for 14.5% from the discharge pressure of adjacent layers.The study results provide a basis for integrated management of production safety and the gas in fully mechanized coal face.


Spiritualism is a universal religion which draws from the teachings of Christianity and other world religions and philosophies, rather than relying on any one tradition or particular book, ancient or modern. Personal responsibility for the way one lives one's life is the cornerstone of Spiritualist philosophy, and most Spiritualists "affirm the essential goodness of humanity (as opposed to the idea of original sin and human depravity), deny any need for salvation, and do not believe in hell."' Although Spiritualists differ on the context in which the survival hypothesis and the afterlife should be interpreted, studied, and propagated, they remain loosely united through a common belief in two basic tenets:


An entropy-controlled bending mechanism is presented to study the nanomechanics of microcantilever-based single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) sensors. First; the conformational free energy of the ssDNA layer is given with an improved scaling theory of thermal blobs considering the curvature effect; and the mechanical energy of the non-biological layer is described by Zhang's two-variable method for laminated beams. Then; an analytical model for static deflections of ssDNA microcantilevers is formulated by the principle of minimum energy. The comparisons of deflections predicted by the proposed model; Utz–Begley's model and Hagan's model are also examined. Numerical results show that the conformational entropy effect on microcantilever deflections cannot be ignored; especially at the conditions of high packing density or long chain systems; and the variation of deflection predicted by the proposed analytical model not only accords with that observed in the related experiments qualitatively; but also appears quantitatively closer to the experimental values than that by the preexisting models. In order to improve the sensitivity of static-mode biosensors; it should be as small as possible to reduce the substrate stiffness.


The Covid-19 pandemic has been ongoing for approximately one year, hence, several activities must be carried out remotely from home. Studying from home for every level of education has its challenges, specifically for university students in terms of maintaining productive activity. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the impact of a one-year pandemic on the precautionary measures, attitudes, and productive activities of students in Indonesia. A descriptive cross-sectional approach was used, and an online questionnaire was distributed between 11–15 January 2021 to 628 undergraduates in West Java Province. The result showed that students still adhere to health protocols by wearing a face mask (93.8%), washing hands (74.7%), and social distancing (64.5%), but they were feeling bored (60.2%) with the online activities carried out at home. A total of 81.4% hope the activity and online class can change to face-to-face to keep social interaction with other people. In productivity, more than 40% can find new hobbies and carry out positive activities while staying at home. They were also feeling more grateful during the pandemic. Based on the results, students are still aware of health protocols and regulations of the government as precautionary measures for the spread of Covid-19. Despite the boredom, they can still stay productive by engaging in positive activities at home.


Professor Do Joong Park ( Figure 1 ) from Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea, is actively performing gastric cancer surgeries with many experiences of minimally invasive surgeries such as laparoscopic, robotic or single port gastrectomies. Prof. Park has been participating in many important clinical studies such as KLASS (PI of KLASS 5: Phase III trial for laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy versus total gastrectomy for upper early gastric cancer), REGATTA, sentinel node, etc., and has played an important role in many Korean and International societies.


Electronic home plate umpire is, to provide assistance when the pitching results to determine whether it is a "strike" or "ball". Home plate is mounted with an LED to produce discrete pulses of infrared light beams extending vertically. Since moving the ball crosses the pulse, and light scattering from the pulse, and enters the photodetector incorporated in the home plate, creating a series of data points. Two stages of optical compensation, in a first step via the PNP transistor is applied an offset current to the light detector, the data of the peripheral light by subtracting the measurement of the immediately preceding pulse from the measurement in the pulse in the second stage to compensate for the point. Processor then fitting a curve to the data points to compute the vertical and lateral position of the ball to determine if it depending on whether the pitch has passed through the strike zone. Likewise other applications, it is possible to analyze the other originating italic trajectory for various purposes.


Shared Virtual Memory (SVM) can considerably simplify the application development for FPGA-accelerated computers, as it allows the seamless passing of virtually addressed pointers across the hardware/software boundary. Especially applications operating on complex pointer-based data structures can profit from this approach, as SVM can often avoid having to copy the entire data to FPGA memory, while performing pointer relocations in the process. Many FPGA-accelerated computers, especially in a data center setting, employ PCIe-attached boards that have FPGA-local memory in the form of on-chip HBM or on-board DRAM. Accesses to this local memory are much faster than going to the host memory via PCIe. Thus, even in the presence of SVM, it is desirable to be able to move the physical memory pages holding frequently accessed data closest to the compute unit that is operating on them. This capability is called physical page migration. The main contribution of this work is an open-source framework which provides SVM with physical page migration capabilities to PCIe-attached FPGA cards. We benchmark both fully automatic on-demand and user-managed explicit migration modes, and show that for suitable use-cases, the performance of migrations cannot just match that of conventional DMA copy-based accelerator operations, but may even exceed it by overlapping computations and migrations.


A common simulation output variable routinely used by foundries to detect solidification shrinkage defects in steel castings is the Niyama criterion (Ny), which is defined as the local thermal gradient divided by the square root of the local cooling rate. For sufficiently large Niyama values, no shrinkage porosity forms. When the Niyama value decreases below a critical value, Nymicro, small amounts of micro-shrinkage begin to form. As the Niyama value decreases further, the amount of micro-shrinkage increases until it becomes detectable on a standard radiograph. This transition occurs at a second critical value, Nymacro. The amount of shrinkage porosity continues to increase as the Niyama criterion decreases below Nymacro. A previous study by the present authors determined that Nymacro = 1.0 (°C-s) 1/2 /mm for nickel-based alloys M30C, M35-1 and CW12MW, and for austenitic stainless steel type CN7M. The purpose of the present study is to develop a tool to predict micro-shrinkage in high-nickel alloys by determining Nymicro. This is accomplished by performing metallographic analyses on two case study castings (a CN7M valve and a M35-1 valve) in which leakage occurred. In both cases the pouring and solidification of these castings was simulated, and careful comparisons were made to correlate the resulting Niyama criterion values to regions containing micro-porosity (and macro-porosity). The results indicate that the Niyama criterion is capable of predicting the probability of leakage due to interconnected macroand/or micro-shrinkage porosity. The case studies indicate that macro-shrinkage (visible on a radiograph) may be present in casting regions with Ny < Nymacro = 1.0 (°C-s) 1/2 /mm, which validates previous research. More importantly, these case studies indicate that noticeable amounts of micro-shrinkage may be present in casting regions with Ny < Nymicro = 2.0 (C-s) 1/2 /mm. These results imply that leaks in high-nickel alloy castings can be prevented by ensuring that simulated Niyama values are above 2.0 (C-s) 1/2 /mm. This does not, however, imply that one should attempt to keep Ny > 2.0 (C-s) 1/2 /mm throughout the casting. While that may be possible, it may be impractical and expensive to ensure such a high level of soundness throughout the casting. For the purpose of preventing leaks, it is only necessary to ensure that there not be a potential "pathway" of shrinkage porosity (microand/or macroporosity) that leads from the inside to the outside of a fluid-containing casting.


The developed unmanned radio controlled helicopter mounted with RGB and NIR band digital cameras can offer near real-time results upon user demand for timely detection of disease infections in cassava plantation which is extremely important for controlling the spread of disease and preventing crop productivity losses. This system is capable of acquiring images at altitudes ranging from 10 to 30 m, and the acquired LARS images were processed to estimate vegetative-indices with MATLAB program (Red=650 nm and NIR=800 nm band center) and thereby detecting diseases in both young and mature cassava plants. Good correlations and clear data clusters were obtained in characteristic plots of NDVI and various altitude levels, by which infested plants were discriminated from healthy plants in both young and mature crops. The correlation coefficients (R2) were in an acceptable range (0.978-0.988). Furthermore, good correlations were obtained in characteristic plots of NDVI and GNDVI against chlorophyll content, the chlorophyll content values ( μ mol m-2) according to t-test showed notable differences among clusters for healthy young (R2=0.780-0.954), for infested young (R2=0.877-0.930), for healthy mature (R2=0.860-0.931), and for infested mature (R2=0.725-0.907) cassava plantation, respectively. The vegetation indices based on LARS images processed, provided satisfactory results comparing with a manual measurement.


Recent studies on a wide range of network traffic measurements including LAN and WAN have revealed the presence of self-similarity. These types of traffic hold statistical similarity across multiple time scales. Burstiness is retained even with the aggregating self-similar traffic. This property degrades the performance of a network. The queueing delay is one of the performance measures. In this study, a G/M/1 queueing model is used to model a network with self-similar traffic. The results of this study demonstrate that the delay exhibits a rise as degree of self-similarity increases. We compare an analytic average queueing delay of the self-similar traffic to the delay of simulated model to obtain a useful method for the delay prediction. By adjusting a single parameter of the truncated power-tail (TPT) distributions, we can make the analytic curve follow the simulation results. This allows us to predict the delay by computing the TPT once we measure the Hurst parameter of an input traffic and its arrival rate, and the utilization of a router. Our results can benefit control, design, and resource allocation of high-speed networks.


Does increased international liquidity, the "savings glut" explain the recent deterioration of US current account balances? In this paper, we develop a simple, two country real business cycle model to answer this question. The salient feature of our model is that lending by one country is constrained by it's wealth by a regulatory or institutional lending constraint. We allow shocks to this lending constraint to capture a country's ability to lend as …nancial regulations evolve and the country's …nancial markets develop. Applying our model to the test case of Japan (lender) and the US, we …nd that our general equilibrium model captures well, how di¤erential productivity growth a¤ects the ‡ow of capital from the lending country (Japan) to the U.S., and how the lending constraint interacts with productivity growth, to impact the borrowing country, or the U.S. current account. 1 Introduction International liquidity and global current account imbalances are major topics of concern. According to the so-called "savings glut" view of Chairman Bernanke of the Federal Reserve Board, a combination of forces created a signi…cant increase in the global supply of saving, explaining both the relatively low level of international interest rates and the increase in the U.S. current account de…cit (Bernanke, 2005). The U.S. current account de…cit has risen from a modest $120 billion in 1996 to $666 billion in 2005, and correspondingly the U.S. real interest has fallen from about 4.3 percent in 2000 to about 1.8 percent in 2005. Bernanke attributes this expansion of the U.S. current account de…cit and fall in real yields to an expansion of saving in Japan, Europe, and especially in emerging Asia1 . In Japan and Europe, lower productivity growth relative to that in Dept. of Economics and Finance, Baruch College, CUNY. Please send correspondences to email@example.com yDept. of Economics, University of South California and NY Fed 1See Dekle, Eaton, and Kortum (2007) for how much exchange rates need to adjust in the United States, Japan, China, and Germany to equilibrate the global current account imbalances. See Chinn and Ito (2006) for a critical analysis of the "saving glut" view.


Here we propose a way to construct generalized Kostka polynomials. Namely, we construct an equivariant filtration on tensor products of irreducible representations. Further, we discuss properties of the filtration and the adjoint graded space. Finally, we apply the construction to computation of coinvariants of current algebras.


Dr. Edward M. Kindle, in a "Note on a Ripple-Marked Limestone" in the Devonian of northern Manitoba, published in 1912, stated that: "the occurrence of ripple-marks on sandstone is a common phenomenon to every geologist..... The literature on ripple-marks relates almost entirely to these familiar sand or sandstone ripples. The occurrence of ripple-marks on limestone seems to be a phenomenon of such relative infrequency that it appears desirable to record an example which has come under the writer's notice."'2 In a later paper Dr. Kindle has described ripple-


Objective To determine the transfection efficiency of recombinant adenovirus to endothelial progenitor cells(EPCs) and provide the base of lung cancer therapy by transfecting human herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase(HSV-TK) gene to EPCs.Methods Admove recombinant adenovirus 5F35(AD5F35) which transfected with β-galactosidase(AD5F35LacZ) to the 24 well plate cultivated with EPCs and transfect the EPCs.Stain the EPCs with LacZ kit and calculate the transfection efficiency.Results The blue stain cells were cells transfected successfully with AD5F35LacZ under the optical microscope.The transfection efficiencies of adenovirus to EPCs were different under the premise of the different multiplicity of infection(MOI).In a certain range,the transfection efficiencies rise with the MOI rise.When MOI was 400,the proportion of blue stain cell is the highest,which was 98.38%±1.25%.Conclusion Recombinant adenovirus can transfect EPCs successfully.The transfection efficiencies rise with the MOI rise.When the MOI is 400,the transfection efficiency is the highest.


In sweet chestnut cultivation, important ecosystem in Europe, the moderate sheep grazing practice may have some beneficial effects in organic farming. Its impact, on soil fertility, soil nematode community and level of fruit infested by tortricids and curculionids was evaluated in a case of study in Tuscany (Central Italy). An organic farm with sheep grazing system (SG) based on long-term field application was compared with an adjacent organic farm with poultry manure system (PM). In both managements, no treatment to control pests and diseases was applied and 0.19 kg /plant of nitrogen were distributed. SG increased twice the amount of organic C, total N and available P than PM. Moreover, the salinity effect of uric acid significantly increased the pH values in SG (from 5.0 to 6.2). The greatest accumulation of organic matter under SG provided stability in nematode community structure and the plant parasitic nematodes decreased. The analysis on the nematodes emerged from Galleria mellonella larvae, revealed that the abundance of native entomopathogenic nematodes was low and not effective to control insect pests. The sheep demonstrated to be the effective predators of tortricid and weevil larvae and in November, the total infestation was significantly lower in SG (34.3%) than PM (54.3%).


Objectives: This study investigates the phenomenon of household workers in Jordan, and it aims to analyze its benefits and economic costs at the macro and microeconomic levels.
Methods: The study adopted the descriptive analytical approach to estimate benefits and costs, using the Cost-Benefit Technique for discussing the expected benefits and costs of having household workers in the Jordanian labor market. The study tools used to collect data were conducting personal interviews with the concerned authorities and making observations.
Results: The findings revealed that the expected cash costs are greater than the expected cash benefits at the macro level during a specific period of time. They also revealed that the expected cash costs are greater than the expected cash benefits at the micro level during the same period.
Conclusions: The study concludes that there is no economic feasibility at the macro level since the expected cash costs are greater than the expected cash benefits during a specific period. In addition, there is no economic feasibility at the micro level since the expected cash costs are greater than the expected cash benefits during the same period.


Part of Peirce's series of books illustrating the histories and characteristics of the United States, The Mountain States of America is an invaluable record of life in the arid regions of Western America. States surveyed in this volume include Colorado, Wyoming, Nevada, New Mexico, Arizona, Montana, Idaho, and Utah.


Abstract
THERAPY-HELPER (T-HELPER) is an electronic medical-record system developed at Stanford University that is installed at an AIDS clinic in San Jose, California. The system has been developed using an open, distributed architecture. The T-HELPER workstation supports access by physicians and nurses to online progress notes and hypertext descriptions of ongoing clinical trials. Laboratory and patient-registration data are downloaded automatically from existing hospital information systems. Physicians enter detailed clinical data directly into T-HELPER using a menu-based progress-note system known as IVORY.


The dean of health sciences at Lisandro Alvarado Centroccidental University is currently developing a system in which the traditional onsite programs for medicine and nursing are being migrated to the virtual system. Professors from the course "An introduction to Computing" are also working on making curricular changes to adapt to the new system. This is being done in four stages: 1) teacher training- to manage online subjects; 2) course design changes; 3) the selection of technological tools and materials and 4) the uploading of the course to the Moodle platform, which is the virtual learning environment. The first three phases have already been completed, but the fourth stage is currently being implemented.


Following are the sections of the article: general characteristics of custom as a source of international law; the ground of validity of international customs; other issues concerning ways and forms of providing evidence or denying by international law subjects of the standpoint accepting and/or refusing to accept international customs; relationship between customs and sources of international law. An international custom is the attitude and conduct of subjects of international law toward other subjects in their mutual relations. These are manifest in international practice and conceived as a right, namely as a duty. Customs have a subordinate role as compared to treaties. However, since international law is constantly developing, it has to reach for the customs which have been formed for decades or centuries. Customs may not be either underestimated or given too much emphasis. Agreement by both parties in the relationship may be a ground for validity, but not an all-encompassing solution in terms of theory or international practice. Various sociological and other explanations, as well as the political ones, may sound nicely, but states in reality do not accept readily those customs which have not their express approval. In fact, the discussion concerning the ground of validity of international customs is still going on. As far as newly created states or the ones with different forms of civilization or different social and economic systems are concerned, they should be given the right of refusing to accept these international customs which were formed prior to their existence, so that could not have taken part in their becoming customary rules, or in their formulation.


Exchange of ideas across disciplinary lines is important today, especially in a world which is becoming more interrelated and interdependent As social scientists teaching history, sociology, anthropology, and social psychology, we would like to share with you some of the insights we have gained from our use of simulation in the social science classroom that we have found to be applicable to business disciplines,


Purpose
The long-term development of a mobile gaming application (app) depends on its continued use by its users. The expectation–confirmation model of IS continuance was used as the basic framework, to which bi-dimensional consumption emotions were added to help better explain satisfaction judgment and continuance intention in the context of mobile gaming app use. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
The data were analyzed using structural equation models. The effects of positive consumption emotions and negative consumption emotions were examined, respectively, in Models 1 and 2. Competing models (Models 3 and 4) were also examined in order to compare the proposed model.

Findings
Both PE and NE have an effect on the satisfaction of mobile gaming app users and their continued usage intention, a finding that represents an important contribution to the extension of technology continuance theory. Comparison with the IS continuance model shows that the new model can explain significantly more variance in continuance intention.

Practical implications
Mobile gaming firms should pay attention to users' consumption emotions, especially negative emotions. Some specific emotions involved in mobile gaming app use were identified, which could guide firms' understanding of users' emotions.

Originality/value
This study offers insight into the role of consumption emotions in forming continuance intentions toward mobile gaming app use in China, a topic that has not previously been investigated.


The transfer contamination of heavy metals from coal waste rock to soil is studied in the Xingzhuanzi mining area,and the coal waste rock and overburden soil are treated with the method of digestion.The trace elements(Pb,As,Cd,Hg) in coal waste rock and soils were determined.The results indicated that: the toxic elements Pb,As,Cd,Hg of coal waste rock can transfer to soil.And the contents vary with the distance between the coal waste rock and soil.Although the heavy metal contents of soil are higher than the mean value of Huainan,the value is coincident with the second quality specification of China,as well as the content of Hg is coincident with the first and the second quality specification of China.


With depth information more easily accessible even on mobile devices, leveraging RGB and depth information for RGB-D training provides a new way to enhance human pose estimation performance. In this paper, we propose an RGB-D based approach for human pose estimation. The main contributions of this paper are: 1) improving the accuracy and robustness of the model by utilizing depth image, 2) establishing a lightweight network architecture to improve the performance in detection speed, which makes it suitable for deployment on mobile devices. Qualitative and quantitative analyses on experimental results demonstrate that our model outperforms Open-Pose by 34% in detection speed, reduces model size to 42% at the same time. Our model also provides some advantages in specific background environments.


The progressive increase of inlet temperatures in the development of more efficient gas turbines is requiring manufacturers to impose stricter fuel specifications. In particular, the maximum concentrations proposed for vanadium are now often below the precision limits of established spectrophotometric methods. Reactor-based neutron activation analysis, using high resolution Ge (Li) gamma ray spectrometry, provides a sensitive instrumental method for the simultaneous measurement of vanadium and sodium. The practical limit of determination for vanadium varies from about 0.002 ppm for distillate oils to about 0.02 ppm for crude oils, the sensitivity limit being determined primarily by the concentrations of other trace elements in the oil. For simultaneous measurement of sodium, the limit varies similarly from about 1.0 to 10.0 ppm, but for separate measurement the potential limit is below 1 ppb. An analysis time of about one hour can be achieved using a sample weight of only 1-2 g, and the method should find particular application in monitoring fuels used in advanced gas turbines for marine propulsion and power generation.


Metal nanoparticles are interesting building blocks for realizing films for a number of applications that include bio- and chemical sensing. To date, spherical metal nanoparticles have been used to generate functional electrical coatings. In this paper we demonstrate the synthesis of electrically conductive coatings using biologically prepared gold nanotriangles as the building blocks. The gold nanotriangles are prepared by the reduction of aqueous chloroaurate ions using an extract of the lemongrass plant (Cymbopogon flexuosus) which are thereafter assembled onto a variety of substrates by simple solution casting. The conductivity of the film shows a drastic fall upon mild heat treatment, leading to the formation of electrically conductive thin films of nanoparticles. We have also investigated the possibility of using the gold nanotriangle films in vapour sensing. A large fall in film resistance is observed upon exposure to polar molecules such as methanol, while little change occurs upon exposure to weakly polar molecules such as chloroform.


Vegetables are the extremely important life-supporting materials for human beings. However, many vegetables are contaminated by heavy metals. No published data are available on heavy metal concentrations in Huanggang City, Hubei Province, China. This study focused on characteristics and evaluation on heavy metal (Pb and Zn) concentrations in vegetables grown in the suburbs of Huanggang. Several important vegetable bases in the suburbs of Huanggang were employed as study areas, 63 representative vegetable samples, including leaf vegetables, melon-fruit vegetables, rootstem vegetables and bean vegetables, were collected to determine the contents of heavy metal Pb and Zn using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Varian, AA240FS, USA). The status of Pb and Zn concentrations were analyzed and evaluated according to Chinese Food and Health National Standard. The results showed that vegetables grown in the city were seriously contaminated by heavy metal Pb; the pollution degree differed from vegetable varieties, leaf-, root- and stem-vegetables were contaminated mostly, followed by bean- and melon-fruit-vegetables. Vegetables grown in the area were not contaminated by heavy metal Zn. It is strongly recommended that the local government of Huanggang City should pay much more attention to the vegetable contamination by heavy metals in the city. The reason why heavy metal Pb polluted seriously and how to prevent it in the city need to be further studied.


alone, but was aided by hot emanations from the interior of the earth. M. Daubree argues in the same way respecting such beds of dolomite to the formation of which the sea may have contributed. These few remarks will suffice to give some notion of the kind of questions which M. Daubree treats of in the paper under consideration, which is one of the most extensive generalizations on great geological problems which hare appeared for some years. Or. A. L.


The derivatives of [{η5‐Ph4C4COC(O)Ph}Ru(CO)2Cl] were synthesized to investigate the substituent effect of the ruthenium complexes on the racemization and the chemoenzymatic dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) of secondary alcohols, in which the phenyl rings are substituted with several different groups. Derivatives with electron‐donating substituents showed better activities than those with electron‐deficient ones, both in the racemization and in the DKR. The ruthenium complex, [{η5‐Ar4C4COC(O)Ar}Ru(CO)2Cl] (Ar=4‐methoxyphenyl), showed an activity about 14 times higher than that of [{η5‐Ph4C4COC(O)Ph}Ru(CO)2Cl] in the racemization of 1‐phenylethanol.


Under Law No. 41 In 2004, Indonesian Waqf Board in charge of fostering productive endowment managers in order to function not only as a means of worship mahdhah (vertical worship), but also a tool of social economic equilibrium. For coaching effectiveness, it is required data as the basis of coaching itself. This study aims to determine how the performance of managers in managing endowments. This study found that of the planning of the program, 62.7% of the endowment managers surveyed have had the vision, mission, goals and programs. However, only 31.03% of the managers who have to write it in the form of documentation. Only about a quarter of the endowment managers surveyed that have plans to manage productive endowments, the rest undecided. In terms of activity, endowment managers in question can be grouped in a very passive endowment managers. It can be seen from the percentage of the object transition process of private property into endowment  property manager that 82.76% is the result of property owner initiatives.


Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) have five distinct subunits (M1–M5) and are involved in the action of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the central and peripheral nervous system. Attributed to the promising clinical efficacy of xanomeline, an M1/M4‐preferring agonist, in patients of schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease, M1‐ or M4‐selective mAChR modulators have been developed that target the topographically distinct allosteric sites. Herein we report the synthesis and preliminary evaluation of 11C‐labeled positron emission tomography (PET) ligands based on a validated M4R positive allosteric modulator VU0467485 (AZ13713945) to facilitate drug discovery. [11C]VU0467485 and two other ligands were prepared in high radiochemical yields (>30 %, decay‐corrected) with high radiochemical purity (>99 %) and high molar activity (>74 GBq μmol−1). In vitro autoradiography studies indicated that these three ligands possess moderate‐to‐high in vitro specific binding to M4R. Nevertheless, further physiochemical property optimization is necessary to overcome the challenges associated with limited brain permeability.


A novel magneto-optical current sensor (MOCS) with two sensing arms is proposed to improve the temperature stability. One of the arms, with a highly stable permanent magnet attached and orthogonal to the other one, is designed to provide a reference that follows the temperature characteristics of the sensing material. By a normalization operation between two arms, the temperature drift is compensated adaptively and a sensing output proportional to the measured current can be reached. A dual-input and dual- output structure is specially designed for the reference sensing arm to demodulate the DC Faraday rotation angle. This scheme compensates simultaneously two main temperature influence factors, the Verdet co nstant and linear birefringence. Validation tests were carried out and are discussed.


Aim: The current study conducted with aims to evaluate the levels of various inflammatory cytokines in women affected by ovarian cancer.
Methods: Case-control study was conducted from 1st January 2018 to 4th March 2018 among women affected by ovarian cancer in Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan. Ovarian cancer patients (n=50) and control individuals (n=50) were included in present study. Serum was separated from patients and control individuals from which levels of various interleukins (IL-6, IL-33, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1α) and TNF-α were measured by ELISA kit method.
Results: The results of present study explain that increased levels of IL-10, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were recorded in women affected by ovarian cancer in contrary with control individuals. Elevated trend of IL-33 and IL-1α were recorded in ovarian cancer patients (9.02±2.55 pg/ml and 8.44±2.55 pg/ml) in contrary with healthy group (3.88±1.02 pg/ml and 3.56±1.32 pg/ml) with statistical significant p-value=0.000.
Conclusion: Study has concluded that inflammatory cytokines particularly IL-1α and IL-33 are major source of inflammatory pathway in the development of ovarian cancer invasion, proliferation and metastasis.


This is still its primary mission, but reclamation officials have found that wherever arid land is placed under irrigation and made productive, a new population moves in, new communities spring up, and new economic opportunities are provided through the service trades, agricultural processing, mining, and manufacturing. This expansion automatically creates a new demand for water for domestic and industrial use. By now, water is becoming so scarce, and the competition for it so strong, that only by a multipleuse concept of water development can all the needs be met. Hence many municipalities and industrial users in the western states now look to the US


Scheme 1 . Illustration of GO/graphene–CaCO 3 hybrid material synthesis and its conversion to GO/graphene–hydroxyapatite (HAp) composites. The steps describe a) CO 2 mineralization to CaCO 3 in the presence of GO sheets and CaCl 2 , b) GO/graphene–CaCO 3 hybrid materials, and c) their conversion to GO/graphene–HAp hybrid materials. Images in the right column show a) an AFM image and sectional analysis of graphene oxide (GO) sheets used for this study, b) SEM images of GO-wrapped vaterite microspheres, and c) SEM images of GO–HAp hybrid fi lm that show HAp surrounding GO sheets and covering the entire fi lm surface. Graphene, an sp 2 -bonded carbon sheet with a thickness of single atom, has recently received attention from materials scientists because of its unique qualities, which include excellent thermal and mechanical properties and electrical conductivity resulting from long-range π -conjugation. [ 1–5 ] While graphene was originally developed for nanoelectronics applications, [ 1 , 6 , 7 ] research interests in graphene are continuously expanding to other fi elds. [ 1 , 2 ] For example, graphene is considered to be an adequate reinforcing component for composite materials. [ 3 , 5 , 8 , 9 ] However, hybridization or interaction of graphene with biominerals has so far been rarely reported. Biomineralization is the process that gives rise to small and large inorganic-based structures in biological systems, and it often results in sophisticated materials having elaborate morphologies, excellent mechanical and optical properties, and vital biological functions. [ 10–13 ] Thus, the convergence of the study of graphene with biomineralization is expected to widen the horizons of material science. We have successfully incorporated graphene and graphene oxide (GO) sheets into the crystals of the two most abundantly studied biominerals found in the hard tissues of invertebrates and vertebrtates: calcium carbonate [ 14–16 ] and calcium phosphate. [ 17 , 18 ] As illustratived in Scheme 1 , we used GO sheets for the synthesis of a graphene–CaCO 3 hybrid fi lm, which then underwent a transformation into graphene-incorporated hydroxyapaptite [Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ; HAp]. By applying CO 2 gas to a mixture of GO and CaCl 2 , we obtained spherical CaCO 3 vaterite microspheres that were wrapped and interconnected by a GO network. After the reduction of GO–CaCO 3 composite, we fabricated a conductive, biocompatible, and bone-bioactive hybrid fi lm that consisted of CaCO 3 microspheres interconnected with a graphene network. When incubated in simulated body fl uid (SBF), the graphene–CaCO 3 hybrid fi lm was transformed to


This article is the first part of an attempt to reflect on the teaching and creation methodologies of the actor and director Hugo Rodas. Having as its axis the reports of my ten-year career with this Brasilian theatre master, this text dissects some of his practices and concepts on the way to a possible systematization of his methodologies.


Executive function (EF) development is an important part of infancy and childhood, promoting success in later life. Developing targeted methods is desirable to enable EF. There is an urgent need for easily implementable proposals to ameliorate educational disparities between income groups. EF is a skill that its possessor can use to inhibit thoughts and emotions. There is a relationship between EF and the prefrontal cortex. The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children's (WISC-IV) Working Memory Index (WMI) task for thinking and the marshmallow test for emotions have been used to measure EF, but these tests themselves carry a load of inhibitions. Therefore, we can assume a natural value in learning to improve on the test. The marshmallow test does not require parental expertise in preparation or implementation, and it entails little financial burden. If there is a potential value in learning how to do better on the test, it will be easy for parents in low-income families to help their children improve. I examined whether the marshmallow test itself can support EF. Measurements of brain activity in the prefrontal cortex over 8 days showed that the marshmallow test was more active than the WMI task or the abacus task. Therefore, the results suggest that continued use of the marshmallow test can support EF even in low-income families.


A gradient of H + , SO 2-4, and NO - 3 deposition across the Great Lakes region raised concerns over impacts on soil solution chemistry and ion leaching in regional forest ecosystems. Ten study sites representing northern hardwood and oak ecosystems were established across the gradient of increasing deposition from Minnesota to Ohio. Lysimeters were installed at lower E and lower B horizon boundaries at each site and sampled over a 2-yr period.


ABSTRACT This article has a double agenda. In the first section, it identifies and selectively surveys nine areas that have figured prominently in recent scholarship on aging and the elderly in the New Testament. In the second section, it identifies areas for future research. Particularly emphasized is the challenge of exploring the relationship between the New Testament material and the Greco-Roman world. In order to do this, it is necessary to identify attitudes, roles, and practices that surround aging and the elderly in that cultural context. Some resources and questions that may serve as starting points for further research are indicated.


Background Our lab and others have shown that a proportion of blood and bone marrow specimens from AML patients have an immunosuppressive microenvironment and have hall-marks of immune exhaustion: increased frequencies of regulatory T cells (Tregs) 1 and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), 2 decreased T-cell proliferation, 3 elevated expression of immune checkpoint molecules 4 and increased TEx vs. TPEx 5-7 populations. Importantly, a subset of these patient samples containing dysfunctional T cells can be rescued by ICB[3]. We have identified the same immune-related features, in a mouse model of AML. BET inhibitors (BETi) havbeen shown to positively affect CD8 + T cells, indirectly via reduction of PD-L1 expression on myeloid cells 8,9 and directly by inhibition of chronic TCR activation genes, increasing stem-cell like memory CD8 + T cells. 10,11 We hypothesized that BETi may synergize with anti-PD1 therapy in AML through promoting T cell stemness.


In this paper, an energy-balance routing strategy is proposed for prolonging the network lifetime for wireless sensor networks with scale-free characteristic. In order to avoid the nodes with high traffic using up their energy too early and prolong the network lifetime, the new routing strategy adopts the shortest path routing algorithm on weighted wireless sensor networks, where the weight values are calculated based on betweenness centrality of the nodes. Since the nodes with large betweenness centrality consumed energy more quickly, the network lifetime can be prolonged by distributing energy consumption from nodes with large betweenness centrality to nodes with small betweenness centrality by increasing weight value on every link that connects the node with the highest betweenness centrality to other nodes. Simulation results show that the proposed routing strategy is better than the shortest path routing as regards extending the network lifetime and balancing the energy consumption.


The photodetachment of the metastable He{sup -} 1s2s2p {sup 4}P{sup o} state has been calculated in two photon energy regions of interest: the first, named here as energy region I, below the double photoionization threshold He{sup +}(n=1), involving outer-shell ionization and doubly excited states of He{sup -}, and the second, named here as region II, above the He{sup -} 1s ionization threshold and below the He{sup +}(n=2) threshold, involving K-shell detachment and triply excited states of a He{sup -} ''hollow ion.'' We have implemented an ab initio three-electron configuration-interaction method in the LS-coupling scheme combined with complex scaling to obtain resonance positions and widths and the photodetachment cross sections. We have revisited region I, although widely studied before, as a test of our method. Notwithstanding some small discrepancies, our complex scaling results compare well with the previously published results and also add new understanding to some features in the cross section. Our emphasis is given to K-shell photodetachment in photon energy region II, where comparison is made with two other recent theoretical calculations that use completely different methods, and that were in dispute. We also compare with a very recent experiment for the He{sup -} K-shell photodetachment, which displays threemore » major features; a broad nonresonant hump after the He 2s2p {sup 3}P{sup o} threshold and two other peaks. A complex scaling analysis of prominent structures in the photodetachment spectra in region II, previously claimed to be nonresonant structures, leads to a different conclusion; i.e., they are all true triply excited-state resonances, and two of them correspond to the peaks observed experimentally.« less


Nanosized hydrogels (nanogels) have attracted considerable attention as multifunctional polymer-based drug delivery systems. Their versatility is demonstrated both in drug encapsulation and drug release. Nanogels can be designed to facilitate the encapsulation of diverse classes of bioactive compounds. With optimization of their molecular composition, size and morphology, nanogels can be tailor-made to sense and respond to environmental changes in order to ensure spatial and stimuli-controlled drug release in vivo. This manuscript aims to highlight recent advances in the interface between biology and nanomedicine with the emphasis on nanogels as carriers for controlled drug delivery.


Selection which is the basis of every breeding programme operates only on variation which is of genetic nature (Johansen, 1909). The better chances of selecting desired types are based on the fact that how much variability present in any crop concerned. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes viz., parents and their F1s for almost all the traits viz,. days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of leaves per plant, head diameter (cm), number of seeds per plant, 100-seed weight (g), filled seed percentage, seed yield (g/plant), biological yield (g/plant), harvest index (%) and oil content which justifying the presence of adequate variability with regard to the important traits under study. The heritability estimates were high for days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of leaves per plant, head diameter (cm), number of seeds per plant, 100-seed weight (g), filled seed percentage, seed yield (g/plant), biological yield (g/plant), harvest index (%) and oil. It indicates the presence of greater contribution of additive genetic component in the inheritance of these attributes. Expected genetic advance was observed to be high for seed yield per plant, biological yield per plant, number of seed per plant, harvest index, head diameter, 100 seed weight, number of leaves per plant and plant height The traits with high heritability and high genetic advance may be subjected to mass or progeny or family selection or any selection scheme, aimed at exploiting additive (fixable) genetic variance, so that a widely adapted genotype possessing high productivity may be developed.


Background:  Triple therapy with a proton pump inhibitor, moxifloxacin, and amoxicillin has been proven effective in first‐line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection.


Leon Kass, physician-philosopher and student of the classics, has never lost his natural sense of awe and wonder. In discussing our deathdenying technologies he quotes Homer, and in musing on our care of dead bodies, he compares our practices with those of the ancient Persians (who would not permit a male body to be buried until it was torn by either a dog or a bird of prey). An avid bird watcher, he can write eloquently about the intricacy, ornateness, and exuberance of feathers. His quarry in this book is more formidable, and he approaches it with curiosity and respect—closing the gap between nature studied scientifically and life lived naturally. His quest is nothing less ambitious than reconstructing the science side of the split between the sciences and humanities by demonstrating how nature can teach us about ourselves and our place in the universe. Contemporary medical ethics is in danger


Pancreatic volvulus with wandering spleen and associated scimitar syndrome and sequestrated lung of the right lower lobe is a rare congenital anomaly. Wandering spleen is a rare clinical condition which occurs due to the laxity and absence of normal intraperitoneal ligaments that hold the spleen in its place. Wandering spleen with pancreatic volvulus and associated scimitar syndrome has never been described in the literature to the best of our knowledge. We present the computed tomography of a young female patient who presented with acute pain abdomen.


The utility model discloses a bottle discharging device with a sampling function, which comprises a bottle discharging thumb wheel component, a bottle discharging grille, a bottle guiding plate and a bottle discharging disk, wherein the bottle discharging grille and the bottle guiding plate are arranged at the circumference of the bottle discharging thumb wheel component; the bottle discharging disk is connected to the output end of the bottle discharging thumb wheel component; the bottle discharging device further comprises a sampling component; and the sampling component, which can move between the bottle discharging disk and the output end of the bottle discharging thumb wheel component, comprises a bottle conveying rail, sampling grilles on two sides of the bottle conveying rail, and a workpiece driving the bottle conveying rail to move. The bottle discharging device has the advantages that the structure is simple and compact; the cost is low; the operation is simple and convenient; the functional integration level is high; and the application range is wide.


This paper makes a discussion of innovation and development of policies for nationalities from such aspects as the content,process,system,structure and organization of policies for nationalities.It is pointed out that we should lay emphasis on economic and social policies for minorities,that it is necessary allow some leeway for setting up specific measures and supplementary regulations for minorities,and that it is imperative to renovate and optimize the structure of policies for minorities.


Supercritical carbon dioxide was studied as a solvent for the enzymatic oxidation of cholesterol with molecular oxygen. Enzymes isolated from Streptomyces sp., Norcardia sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Gloeocysticum chrysocreas are active in supercritical carbon dioxide.

For the oxidation of cholesterol to cholest-4-ene-3-one (via cholesterol oxidase) from Gloeocysticum chrysocreas, turnovers are almost two orders of magnitude higher than those found in aqueous solutions; initial rates of the reaction catalyzed by Streptomyces sp. in supercritical carbon dioxide are comparable to or greater than those found in aqueous solutions. Cholesterol oxidase from Gloeocysticum chrysocreas is stable in supercritical carbon dioxide at 100 bar and 35°C, while the enzyme from Streptomyces sp. is not. A trace amount of water is necessary for catalysis in carbon dioxide.

The rate of oxidation is increased markedly by addition of small amounts of tert-butanol and iso-butanol, moderately by ethanol, slightly by acetone and n-butanol, and not at all by addition of methanol. Solubility data cannot explain these observations.

EPR spectroscopy reveals no large conformational changes in the enzyme from Gloeocysticum chrysocreas as a function of carbon dioxide pressure or cosolvent addition. However, EPR spectroscopy indicates that aggregation of cholesterol molecules in supercritical carbon dioxide is strongly affected by changes in pressure or cosolvent content. The degree of cholesterol aggregation correlates well with observed rate enhancements.


The objective of this study is to deliver anti-pPKCθ (T538) into T cells (hPBMCs) by using cell penetrating peptide mimics (CPPMs) to neutralize PKCθ activity both in vitro and in vivo, with the eventual goal of treating aplastic anemia (AA). AA is an immune-mediated bone marrow failure disease caused by T helper type 1 (Th1) autoimmune responses, which destroy blood cell progenitors. It was previously reported that protein kinase C theta (PKCθ), expressed specifically in T cells, plays an important role in T cell signaling by mediating Th1 differentiation. Mice treated with Rottlerin, a pharmacological inhibitor of PKCθ, are rescued from the disease when PKCθ phosphorylation was inhibited. Furthermore, humanized antibodies are increasingly gaining attention as therapies. The delivery of antibodies could be achieved via cell penetrating peptides (CPPs), which are able to internalize cargo into cells. Here, we designed, synthesized and characterized CPPMs to increase delivery efficiency of an antibody against phosphorylated PKCθ (T538), which subsequently interfered with the function of the kinase. We designed an in vitro delivery method for the CPPM/Anti-pPKCθ complex then assessed T cell activation and AA disease marker expression. Also, we generated an in vivo humanized mouse model of AA and tested the complex for delivery and effect on survival of these mice. Altogether the results reveal that PKCθ may be an optimal target for bone marrow failure treatment and intracellular antibody delivery may represent a novel approach for AA treatment.


Introduction. Improving the traction and adhesion properties of freight electric locomotives is currently an urgent issue for the domestic locomotive industry. The increase in the mass and speed of trains enables to seek new ways and possibilities for realising the maximum tractive force of freight locomotives in order to meet the requirements of the rapidly developing transportation methods.Materials and methods. The authors carries out the analysis of existing theoretical and practical methods of adhesion control and developed the algorithm for controlling the wheelsets adhesion of a locomotive with asynchronous traction motors.Results. The authors concerning the tests analysis of a real electric locomotive, developed a mathematical model of the locomotive movement, which included algorithms for axial control of the tractive force with the redistribution of the tractive force between the axles. Calculations of a mathematical model of the movement of a locomotive with a train on a section with the redistribution algorithm both enabled and disabled, as well as with various settings of this algorithm, were carried out. The model also took into account the change in the adhesion coefficient of the wheels with the rails depending on the numerical order of a wheelset in the direction of travel, as well as the additional loading and unloading forces that arise in the undercarriage depending on the tractive force being realised. As a result of the calculations, obtained data showed good convergence with the test data of a real electric locomotive.Discussion and conclusion. The developed mathematical model allows evaluating the realisation of the tractive force of a locomotive as close as possible to that specified by the locomotive throttle under conditions of a changing adhesion coefficient and its heterogeneity under different wheelsets of the locomotive. The obtained results can be further applied in the development of promising freight electric locomotives with asynchronous traction motors.


In this paper,the continuous markers of Ta(哒) kind in Tibeto-Burman languages were compared with the continuous markers of Ta(哒) kind in Chinese dialects to find their correspondence in semantic, phonetic and grammatical sides.From the perspective of language contact between Sino-Tibetan languages, it is proposed that the continuous markers of Ta(哒) kind in Chinese dialects reflect the early form of Zhe(著),and at that stage it has been distributed in the vast area of Hart people.Moreover,many kinds of grammatical function of this marker,including the usage of preposition before or after the verb,have been borrowed into Tibeto-Bnrman and Kam-Tai more or less.Such kind of language contact makes it possible to recognize the origin of the continuous markers of Ta(哒) kind in modern Chinese dialects via Chinese loanwords in Non-Chinese languages.