Stearoyl‐CoA desaturase‐1 knockout (SCD‐1−/–) mice are hyperphagic compared to WT and have elongated small intestines (SI). However, it is unknown whether the longer SI is causative or a result of hyperphagia. Therefore, we sought to determine the mechanism by which SI proliferation occurs. First, activation of the developmentally regulated Hedgehog pathway was assessed in the proximal SI from WT and SCD‐1−/– mice. The expression of mouse Sonic, Indian, and Desert Hedgehog (Shh, Ihh, Dhh), Patched‐1 and Smoothened, as well as Hh target transcription factors Gli‐1, ‐2, and ‐3 were assessed. We found that SCD‐1−/– mice display increased Hh signaling that is evidenced by increased expression of Patched‐1 and Gli‐1 in SI. Next, we attempted to determine the role of SCD‐1 in Hh signaling in vitro. SCD‐1 overexpressing HeLa cells were treated with either stearate (18:0) or oleate (18:1) for 12‐hours and Hh activation was assessed. We found that SCD‐1 overexpression increased Gli‐1 independent of treatment and Gli‐2 increased with 18:0 and 18:1. Control HeLa cells demonstrated a decrease in Gli‐2 and an increase in Gli‐1 expression. We can conclude that regulation of Hh signaling appears to depend on the presence of SCD‐1 expression. While it remains unknown how these two pathways display coordinated expression, there is evidence to suggest that dietary factors modify Hh signaling through SCD‐1. NIH RO1 DK62388 JM Ntambi (PI)


This research seeks to achieve two objectives: 1) to provide a comprehensive survey of research related to defense contractor profitability, and 2) to conduct an updated analysis of such profitability. No previous comprehensive survey of the topic was found in the academic literature. Therefore, the provision of such a survey may significantly benefit future researchers. A paucity of recent defense contractor profit research related was identified; only one published study analyzed data after 2000 and none used data more recent than 2010. This research reconciles the gap in recent defense contractor profit studies via objective two. Panel data analysis is employed to examine the profitability of defense contractors between 2009 and 2018. The relationship between contractor influence in the defense marketplace and profits from defense business is explored as well as the relationship between contractor operating risk and defense business profits. Additionally, the relationship between defense contractor profitability and the percentage of total sales attributed to defense (versus commercial sales) is investigated. Neither contractor influence, nor risk was found to have a moderating effect on defense business profits. The empirical evidence did however indicate a positive relationship between contractor profitability and the percentage of total sales from


For the virtue of poor environment's load capacity, ecosystem and economy in Karst area, it is an important task for the local people how to optimize and combine the available natural conditions and socialeconomic conditions and to make the socialeconomy and ecological efficiency achive best results. The purpose is to keep ecological balance and people well-off. This article primarily elaborates the guiding theory, principles procedurs and methods for agricultural eco-economic planning.


This study examined algal productivity and nitrate assimilation in a 2.85 km reach of Cucamonga Creek, California, a concrete lined channel receiving treated municipal wastewater. Stream nitrate concentrations observed at two stations indicated nearly continuous loss throughout the diel study. Nitrate loss in the reach was approximately 11 mg/L/d or 1.0 g/m2/d as N, most of which occurred during daylight. The peak rate of nitrate loss (1.13 mg/l/hr) occurred just prior to an afternoon total CO2 depletion. Gross primary productivity, as estimated by a model using the observed differences in dissolved oxygen between the two stations, was 228 mg/L/d, or 21 g/m2/d as O2. The observed diel variations in productivity, nitrate loss, pH, dissolved oxygen, and CO2 indicate that nitrate loss was primarily due to algal assimilation. The observed levels of productivity and nitrate assimilation were exceptionally high on a mass per volume basis compared to studies on other streams; these rates occurred because of the shallow stream depth. This study suggests that concrete‐lined channels can provide an important environmental service: lowering of nitrate concentrations similar to rates observed in biological treatment systems.


An effective way to suppressing vibration in mechanical and civil structures is using a passively dynamic vibration absorber (DVA). Arrangement of mass, spring and damper besides frequency and damping ratios of DVA play an important role in the performance of the absorbers, i.e., use of damping element between absorber mass and primary mass suppresses vibration of single-degree-of-freedom (sdof) systems better than traditional DVA which reported in literature but according to author's knowledge it has not been analyzed for continues structures yet. In this article, the derivation of solution to H2 and Hinfinity optimization problems of this non-traditional DVA applied to suppress random vibration in beam structures will be reported analytically, as well as, a set of optimum frequency and damping ratios of absorbers for both optimization procedures. Effectiveness of using the non-traditional DVA in improving vibration suppression performance in comparison to traditional one will be shown by use of numerical results. Furthermore, comparing H-infinity and H2 optimization procedures shows that for a beam which is excited by random force, use of H2 optimization resulting in better vibration suppression than the other optimization.


This master's thesis is a study of how librarians are depicted in crime fiction. 12 American and English mysterynovels featuring librarians in a central role were studied and analysed using charact ...


INTRODUCTION
Squamous cell carcinoma of lower gingivo-buccal complex and tongue are the most common cancer in the Indian sub-continent. The value of imaging in the staging of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is in judging operability, assessment of the prognostic characteristics and dimensions of the primary tumour, depth of tumour invasion, the presence of cervical metastasis and detection of bone infiltration.

AIM
This study evaluated squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity (tongue and gingivo-buccal complex) on the basis of their appearance, soft tissue extent, depth of tumour invasion and staging. Further, this study assessed the accuracy of MRI in the detection of cervical lymph nodal metastasis on the basis of ADC values on diffusion weighted MR sequence.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
T1- and T2-weighted MR, diffusion-weighted sequences and post contrast T1W sequences were performed in various planes on biopsy proven squamous cell carcinomas (61 cases) involving tongue and/or gingivo-buccal region. Depth of tumour invasion was calculated on axial images of post contrast T1W images. The Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) was measured by using two b factors (500 and 1000 s/mm(2)). MRI findings were compared clinically and histopathologically.

RESULTS
Average depth of invasion calculated on MRI was 8.47mm and by histopathology was 6.85mm. Pearson's correlation coefficient was 0.988. Shrinkage factor was 0.8. A 71% of patients with depth of invasion greater than 9mm showed evidence of cervical lymph nodal metastasis at one or another levels. Cut-off value to discriminate between malignant and benign lymph nodes was 1.038 x10-3 mm(2)/s in the present study.

CONCLUSION
Depth of tumour invasion in oral malignancies can be measured reliably on MRI which helps in predicting cervical lymph node metastasis. Benign or malignant cervical lymph nodes can be differentiated on diffusion-weighted imaging of MRI on the basis of their ADC values.


Herbivores foraging in arid and seasonal environments often face choices between plant patches varying in abun- dance and nutritional quality at several spatial and temporal scales. Because of their noncompartmented digestive system, equids typically rely on abundant forage to meet their nutrient requirements. In forage-limited environments, therefore, scarcity of food resources represents a challenge for wild equids. We investigated hierarchical resource-selection patterns of kiangs (Equus kiang Moorcroft, 1841), a wild equid inhabiting the high-altitude steppes of the Tibetan Plateau, hypothesizing that vegetation abundance would be the main factor driving resource selection at a large scale and that plant quality would influence resource selection at finer scales. We investigated resource-selection patterns at three spatial levels (habitat, feeding site, and plant (vegetation groups, i.e., grasses, sedges, forbs, and shrubs)) during summer and fall. At the habitat level, kiangs selected both mesic and xeric habitats in summer and only xeric habitats (plains) during fall. At the feeding-site level, feeding sites had higher plant biomass and percentage of green foliage than random sites in the same habitats. At the plant level, grasses were selected over forbs and shrubs, and sedges were used in proportion to their availability during all seasons. Our results indicate that resource-selection patterns in kiangs vary across scales and that both forage abundance and quality play a role in resource selection. Plant quality appeared more important than hypothesized, possibly to increase daily nutrient intake in forage-limited and highly seasonal high-altitude rangelands.


Nowadays iron-states are a nationwide problem of health care systems in different countries, most often occurring among pregnant women and in early childhood. Iron supplements play leading role in the treatment of this pathology, and for decades of practical application, they have undergone a number of changes. Research efforts are aimed to increase their therapeutic efficiency and reduce the number and severity of side effects. The most modern group of antianemic drugs are non-ionic iron preparations, which represented by Ferrofer. The article discusses the advantages of treatment with combined Ferro therapy with REPO and over using only iron supplement, namely, high efficiency, rapid achievement of the effect, safety, the presence of various forms of release. These features allow to recommend Combination of Ferro and REPO therapy as the primary therapy of iron deficiency anemia in a broad range of patients, including pregnant women, and its effective use in anemia of various severity.


Several new kinds of generalized travelling solutions for the Coupled Boussinesq Equations are obtained by using the modified simple equation method. This approach can also be applied to other nonlinear evolution equations.


The title compound has been prepared and characterized by elemental analyses, infrared and raman spectra, and thermal analyses. The crystal structure of Bis [di(N′-ethyl-N-piperazinly-carbodithioato-S,S′) Zinc(Ⅱ)] complexes, [Zn2(S2CNC4H8NC2H5)4], was determined by X-ray diffraction methods. The compound crystallizes in Monoclinic system, space group P21 / c, with lattice and some related parameters a=0.886(18), b=1.955(4), c=1.196(2) nm, β=106.03(3)°, V=1.991 3(7) nm3, Z=2, Mr=888.12, Dc=1.481 g·cm-3, F(000)=928, R=0.054 3 and wR=0.227 6. In crystal structure of the binuclear zinc complexes is built up of centro-symmetric dimeric entities. The coordination sphere of zinc(Ⅱ) ions is best described as a distorted tetragonal-pyramid. The IR spectral data are in agreement with the structural data. The thermal analytical data indicate that it decomposed completely at the temperature of 652.5 °C, leaving Zn. CCDC: 286177.


By means of this work I aim at recovering some peculiar notes of the cinema of George Romero dealing with his representation of the falling of the social system. This task will allow us to explore his critical potential, that reveals the excess and the inconsistencies of consumerism and capitalist imaginaries. In other words, I aim at observing the means by which different aspects presented in a sciencefiction environment can be compared to some proposals offered by social human sciences, particularly by philosophy, on the cultural crisis in Western societies because of the gradual weakening of their main institutions. I will consider Romero's approach to certain exhaustion of the world, expressed by means of the metaphor of the zombie apocalypse, particularly in the contrast between two images of the first scenes of the film Day of the Dead (1985). On the basis of the recovery of the concept of zombie that has been appearing in recent critical essays, I aim at also recovering the relevance that mimesis, as social behavior, makes manifest in the characterization of Romero's zombie and the importance of this aspect in relation to some social phenomena connected to his cinema. The trends in critical philosophy that will be reconsidered here are identified mainly with the early evaluation of philosophy developed by Friedrich Nietzsche in his observations about history and Western societies difficulty for creating culture. On the basis of this interpretation, the theoretical contributions made by Cornelius Castoriadis and Byung-Chul Han will be also reconsidered.


Summary
Hookworm egg count data from south Georgia are used to illustrate a simple method of presenting such data in a form easily interpreted, yet complete and precise. The data are listed in the following categories for each population group:number of persons examined, percentage positive by flotation examination, percentage positive by egg count examination, percentage with counts above some specified level.


This page introduced the general method of sensing signal analysis in fiber-optic network sensor system, and did a detailed analysis of fiber-optic sensor network signal characteristics which be applied to the perimeter protection alarm system. The author proposed a method of events discrimination with adaptive learning function in the alarm system. After experimental analysis and the practical application, the method can accurately report the abnormal invasion events, and achieve zero false positives.


Summary A method was devised to study the action of gastrointestinal hormones on the motility of strips of human gallbladder muscle in vitro. Cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-PZ) in concentrations of 4 units/100 ml and greater caused progressive shortening. With increased concentrations, the latent period before contraction was briefer. CCK-PZ also caused an increase in the frequency, but not the amplitude, of superimposed contraction waves. The mean duration of action of CCK-PZ was 18 min. Synthetic secretin at 10 units/100 ml had about one sixth of the activity of a similar concentration of CCK-PZ; gastrin and glucagon had no effect.


by Hsu et al. 'Bicarbonate hemodialysis: influence on plasma refilling and hemodynamic stability We note that the authors compute change in plasma volume from change in Hct. This assumes constant red cell volume (RCV). They that no significant change was found in mean corpuscular volume (MCV) except for a small reduction during LoNaAc dialysis. They do not state how MCV was measured and we are concerned that methodological factors may have affected their results.


Extreme events such as hurricanes adversely impact healthcare systems and the communities they serve. The degree to which hurricanes affect healthcare use among high need groups such as older adults with chronic conditions has not been well examined, nor has the impact of hurricane severity on health outcomes. We characterized hospitalizations among older adults by chronic condition after eight large‐scale hurricanes in the United States.


Purpose – To develop an understanding of the Millennial Generation's consumption of green products. Specifically, our research sought to address the following two research questions in regard to this generation's consumption behavior: What product attributes have significant effects on purchases of green products? What are the primary reasons for not adopting green products? Design/methodology/approach – A questionnaire was administered to 197 undergraduates at a private university in the southern US. The sample was 59 percent female and ages ranged from less than 18 to 25. Full time students represented 95 percent of the sample. Findings – The findings suggest that when developing marketing communications, marketers may want to devote more attention to recyclability or re-usability, biodegradableness, and positive health effects stemming from eco-friendly product attributes, as these characteristics shared the strongest associations with Millennial intent to purchase green products. The results also indi...


Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common lethal human malig- nancies worldwide. One of the most prevalent causes for the high mortality rate in patients with HCC is the lack of effective treatment, especially for patients with advanced disease (1). For this reason, an effective and well-tolerated pharmaceutical profile for the treatment of advanced HCC is requested to introduce new, potential therapeutic approaches. We evaluated the cytotoxic effect of the orally bioavailable dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, NVP-BGT226, on a panel of HCC cell lines, since hyperac- tivated PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway could represent a biomolecular target for Small Inhibitor Molecules in this neoplasia (2). We analyzed the activity of the drug in both normoxia and hypoxia conditions, which play often a relevant role in the induc- tion of chemoresistance and angiogenesis. Indeed, it has been recently demonstrated that PI3K/Akt signaling pathway regulates VEGF and HIF-1α expression, and inhibitors targeting PI3K p110α decrease both VEGF expression and angiogenesis in an vitro HCC model. In normoxia NVP-BGT226 caused cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle and induced apoptosis and autophagy at low concentrations. Interestingly, the drug inactivated p-Akt and p-S6 at a concentration lower than 10 nM. In hypoxia NVP-BGT226 maintained its cytotoxic efficacy at the same concentration, as documented by MTT assays and Western blot analysis. Moreover, in hypoxia the drug showed inhibitory properties against angiogenesis by lowering the expression of the transcription factor HIF-1α and of VEGF. Our results indicate that NVP-BGT226 has a potent cytotoxic effect on HCC cell lines also in hypoxia condition, thus emerging as a potential candidate for cancer treatment in HCC targeted therapy.


Since centuries, self-business is a key term always comes when one newly comes to market. And, especially for poor families which starts to setup small-scale business-like fruits, vegetables etc. shops for living one's life. We human from many centuries use weighing machines for evaluating weight of required purchased product and method for calculating cost. Basically, the selling price should be always being same as cost price set by government budget for common public but the reality lies the opposite of the same. With the advancement of technology, digital world is surrounding us. Current research is a step towards moving the scaling trends from manual to digital. As per research survey, Indian Government nowadays is much oriented to UPI Payment, Aadhaar Connect Payment etc. through launched movements like Digital India. So, to keep advancement in digital weighing techniques we introduced with "Smart Market App" which helps to solve whole manual calculation and doing transaction manually to a change to Digital Automation. Plus, with Aadhaar database linked via transaction management services is more secured as compared to manual currency exchange without any authentication. This feature too helps to build an authentication platform/portal where one can, with full support of governmental services can perform transaction securely and quickly. If this kind of approach is taken across market, then the results will be very much fruitful in terms of Digital Conversion of the nation.


This paper introduces the property right characters of the entrepreneur human resources, then analyses institutional evolvement of it's price making, establishes the price making systems of entrepreneur human resources which are adapted to its characters in property right.


This study looked at two cohorts of applicants to the UCL training course to look for any evidence of inadvertent discrimination against ethnic minority applicants.


This thesis is concerned with the specification and implementation of a user interface management system (UIMS). We introduce a specification mechanism for object oriented software, which is used to specify the key aspects of a uniform output model for direct manipulation user interfaces.
The thesis first refines existing UIMS models for practical use. Special emphasis is placed on the object orientation of interactive software and the use of concurrent, cooperating processes to structure the system. The model supports the concept and architecture of interaction tools representing commonly used interactive abstractions as distinct software entities. We describe mechanisms to create more complex tools from a set of existing, lower level interaction tools.
To specify key aspects of a prototypical implementation, we then introduce a notation, called AGGL, to specify the structure and behavior of object oriented software systems. It is based on attributed graph grammars and a Modula-2 like programming language with extensions to handle concurrency and attribute evaluation.
A uniform, hierarchically organized output model for direct manipulation user interfaces is introduced and specified using our AGGL notation. We also use this notation to describe the input handling based on the uniform output model.
The output model was implemented in a prototype on a SUN workstation. Several key algorithms of the implementation are discussed and a comparison with other UIMS systems highlights some software engineering aspects of user interface software in general.
The main contributions are the novel specification language for object oriented software and the uniform output model for a direct manipulation user interface management system.


Background: An acellular preschool booster vaccination against pertussis has been included in the National Immunization Programme in The Netherlands, since November 2001. We studied the impact of this preschool booster on the epidemiology of pertussis. Methods: We analyzed and compared pertussis cases registered in the national notification system, hospital registry, and death registry between the periods 1998–2001 (without preschool booster) and 2002–2005 (with preschool booster). Results: In 2002–2005, the incidence of hospitalizations and notifications in 1–4 year olds were 48% and 44%, lower respectively, than in 1998–2001. Similarly, in 5–9 year olds the incidence of hospitalizations and notifications had decreased 32% and 15%, respectively. In 2005, vaccine effectiveness for preschool booster among children born between January 1, 1998 and January 1, 2001—all of whom had been eligible for the booster—was estimated at 79% (95% CI: 71–85). In infants aged 0–6 months, the incidence of hospitalizations per 100,000 population decreased 40%, from 222.5 to 133.6. In contrast, among cohorts aged 10–19, 20–59, and >60 years, the incidence of notifications increased 60%, 44%, and 68%, respectively. Conclusions: The preschool booster strongly decreased the disease burden in the targeted cohorts. Importantly, the incidence in infants 0–6 months also showed a decline after introduction of the preschool booster, suggesting reduced transmission from siblings to young infants. Meanwhile, the number of pertussis cases in adolescents and adults increased. With prevention of severe pertussis among infants as focus, this effect should not be ignored in the discussion on future vaccination strategies for pertussis.


In this paper the evolution of industrial robotics towards rehabilitation tasks is addressed. The importance of ankle injuries and the appropriate passive or active rehabilitation procedure is also highlighted. The ankle rehabilitation devices reviewed include those already commercially available and those at a development stage in laboratories and research centers. At the end of the paper there is a proposal about developing a mechatronic device, of medium complexity, for ankle rehabilitation, focused on active rehabilitation with some particular features.


Although previous research shows that the use of rhyme in early language stimulation has a positive impact on children's sign language development, this area of sign language acquisition has not been adequately researched. 90% of deaf children are born to hearing parents who barely know sign language before their child is born, and yet they are the primary language role models in their child's life. As L2 sign language users, hearing parents of deaf children teach language skills in their L2 to their deaf child who acquires sign language as one of their L1s. In this article, we focus on the potential application of the Icelandic Sign Language (ÍTM) handshape inventory in both early language intervention with signing children and in teaching ÍTM as an L2. We argue that the handshape inventory can be used as a teaching tool when teaching sign language as M2L2 to hearing adults and as a visual language stimulation tool for signing children (M1L1 or M2L1). The main purpose of using the handshape inventory is to raise phonological awareness of signing children and adults learning sign language. This can be done by explicitly teaching handshapes to adult learners and using signed rhymes in early language stimulation.


Objective: To compare the electrical activity of the diaphragm (Edi) of premature infants placed on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) with the Edi of premature infants placed on noninvasive neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NIV NAVA). The secondary aim was to evaluate the feasibility of the use of NIV NAVA mode in the busy tertiary neonatal unit. Study Design: This was a prospective crossover pilot study of premature infants requiring noninvasive respiratory support. Infants were randomized to initially receive either CPAP/biphasic (group 1) or NIV NAVA (group 2) and were then crossed over to the alternate group. Continuous Edi signals were recorded for 24 h, with 12 h each on CPAP/biphasic, and NIV NAVA along with other clinical and respiratory parameters. Results: Ten infants with a mean gestation age of 29 weeks (range 25-34 weeks) were enrolled, with a total cumulative Edi monitoring of 240 h. The average Edi peak on the biphasic/CPAP group (15.6 ± 7 mcV) was significantly higher (P < 0.005), compared to the Edi Peak on the NIV NAVA group (10.8 ± 3.3 mcV). The Edi min values were 3.23 ± 1.1 mcV, and 3.07 ± 0.5 mcV on CPAP/biphasic and NIV NAVA (P = 0.69) respectively. There were no significant differences in other clinical parameters between the two groups. No major adverse events were recorded during Edi catheter monitoring. Conclusion: The Edi peak values were significantly lower in NIV NAVA mode compared to CPAP/biphasic mode. The Edi catheter and NIV NAVA may also be used safely in premature infants.


Summary The problem of determining the statistical behaviour of electrons amongst molecules, to which they may become attached, has now been solved for those conditions where ionization by collision is absent and where the negative ions are permanent. The methods used and their application to the gases NH3, H20, and HC1 are described in some detail, and are found to give consistent results for the energy of agitation of electrons, their velocity of drift, and their probability of attachment to molecules per unit distance of drift.


This paper provides a critical review on the advancements of artificial intelligence in recent applications in building environments from the perspectives of key research hotpots, important research institutes, researchers, and their contributions. Associated technologies, such as Internet of things (IOT) technologies, and advanced operational strategies for promoting building performance are also discussed in the paper. Bibliometric analysis on the platform CiteSpace quantitatively summarizes the key characteristics of works in the literature and their applications. IOT based sensing networks are analyzed, discussed, and summarized since they play a pivotal role in securing the accuracy and efficiencies in data acquisition so as to facilitate building energy management systems. Additionally, the algorithms associated with machine learning and data-driven technologies are reviewed in the applications such as building energy prediction, building management optimization, and their maintenance. This paper explores the emerging technologies and developing trends in the field so as to find potential routes for future studies (which will encourage the uptake of AI technologies in buildings).


Effective information gathering and retrieval of the most relevant web documents on the topic of interest is difficult due to the large amount of information that exists in various formats. Current information gathering and retrieval techniques are unable to exploit semantic knowledge within documents in the "big data" environment; therefore, they cannot provide precise answers to specific questions. Existing commercial big data analytic platforms are restricted to a single data type; moreover, different big data analytic platforms are effective at processing different data types. Therefore, the development of a common big data platform that is suitable for efficiently processing various data types is needed. Furthermore, users often possess more than one intelligent device. It is therefore important to find an efficient preference profile construction approach to record the user context and personalized applications. In this way, user needs can be tailored according to the user's dynamic interests by tracking all devices owned by the user.


Abstract : Maintenance and repair (M and R) cost estimates are needed during planning, design, and operations/maintenance of Army facilities. During planning, life cycle costs are needed to evaluate alternative ways of meeting requirement (e.g., to lease, undertake new construction, or renovate existing facilities). During design, M and R requirements for various types of components, such as built-up or shingle roofs, are needed so that the life-cycle cost can be minimized. Once the facility has been constructed, outyear predictions of maintenance and repair costs are needed to help program enough funds so that Army facilities are maintained properly and do not deteriorate from lack of maintenance. The assembly of a single centralized maintenance and repair data base for use by designers was coordinated. One of the first tasks in the research effort was to determine if reliable data bases existed in government or private industry. Research showed that comprehensive data bases of maintenance costs for government and private sector facilities did not exist. The little data available always depended on widely varying standards of maintenance was used to maintain only those facilities for which the data was collected. Such data was unreliable for prediction purposes. The Facilities Programming and Budgeting Branch of the Facilities Engineering Directorate asked USACERL to develop prediction models for outyear maintenance requirements of the Army facility inventory. USACERL was also asked to provide methods and automated tools to help installations perform economic analyses, and also to allow analysts to obtain future maintenance cost data.


The number of women in China in their 20s peaked in 1992 and is now declining. Based on the 1990 Census of China, there are now about 123.2 million women ages 20-29. Projections from China Population Today indicate that the number will decline all through the decade and will be at 102 million by the year 2000, a drop of 17% since 1992. During the same period the women of childbearing age (ages 15-49) will continue to grow from 318.9 million in 1992 to 339.4 million in the year 2000. This is because the large birth cohorts that preceded China's massive campaigns for smaller family size in the 1970s are moving into their 30s. UN projections show the number of women in China in their 20s beginning to rise between 2005 and 2010 and continuing to increase until 2025. The number of children under age 5 (112.1 million in 1990) will begin to fall in the late 1990s, and continue to decline, reaching 86.4 million by 2010. However, by 2025, the number of children under age 5 will be 95.3 million. In China the total fertility rate (TFR) fell from 5.8 in 1970 to 2.2 by 1980. The 1992 average TFR for the world was 3.3 and for other developing countries it was 4.4. China's controversial 1 child per family policy was adopted in 1979 after the birth rate had already fallen to its lowest recorded level. The average age for Chinese women at 1st marriage is 22.2, up from 20.9 in 1970, according to China Population Today. In comparison, the average age at 1st marriage for women in the US is 24.1. Only about 3% of Chinese women married before age 18 in 1988, Contraception. Even in rural areas, less than 4% of women marry under age 18. In contrast, in 1950, more than 40% of Chinese women were married by age 18.


Objective:To compare the national standard method and real-time fluorescent PCR method of testing for Enterobacter sakazakii in food.Methods:The samples were tested in accordance with the national standard and Real-time fluorescence PCR method,then the results comparison analysed.Results:The 54 strains of Enterobacter sakazakii were detected from 850 samples of 10 kinds of food.The detection rate with the national standard was 6.4%,and the detection rate with real-time fluorescence PCR method was 7.4%.Conclusion:The results indicated that the two identification methods could increase the detection credibility of Enterobacter sakazakii.The report would be with the national standard.


In this paper, an improved short-time Fourier analysis method is proposed for the quasi-periodic signals via an optimal fixed-lag finite impulse response(FIR) smoother. A new state space model of quasi-periodic signal is proposed in order to deal with the variants of Fourier coefficients(FCs). FCs and increments of FCs are estimated by using the optimal fixed-lag FIR smoother. By numerical example, it is shown that the proposed method can give better estimation performance and better tracking ability for estimating time-varying FCs compared with the existing approaches.


Holding rural land contract right is based on holding membership of collective economic organization.The normal standard is lacked in the national law when we decide the membership.Obtaining the right of rural land contract relies on the power of adjusting land controlled by collective economic organization.And collective economic organization controls and extends the power by using the fuzzy enacting in national law.Only the collective economic organization can fairly distribute the land compensation and resettlement subsidy.The competition of benefit and jurisdiction between the country and collective economic organization hides in these disputes above.So we must respect the authority and knowledge owned by collective organization.


We approach this open issue at a heated moment of political debate in the UK that spans Britain's position in the EU customs market post Brexit to strikes over pensions for university staff. As a result, neoliberal models of affiliation, governance, and social good are coming under careful scrutiny. This issue of CTR addresses new forms of collectivity today and the potential for change through acts of increased attention. Authors consider a growing need to rethink institutional models of performance making, dramaturgical tools, and relationships between spectatorship and subjectivity. Across the articles and documents, there is a shared optimism for transformation. Questions around dramaturgy loom large. Will Daddario analyses Every House has a Door's production of Jay Wright's poem The Presentable Art of Reading Absence as a polysemous, literary act. Rethinking bio-graphy through this lens, Daddario suggests that an act of poiesis enables the actualization of an individual's potential. Daddario ultimately suggests that dramaturgy has a psychagogical dimension that moves beyond the pedagogical, enabling the potential for a more radical shift in a spectator's sense of self. Katherine Graham is equally invested in the dynamics of dramaturgy. Focusing on light, Graham exposes new structures of agency and affect in multiple performance disciplines. Graham connects dance and embodiment to her discussion of lighting as simultaneously ephemeral and transient as well as material and tangible. If one considers action as a performance material, she suggests, it becomes equally possible to consider the interpretive weight of lighting. While Graham reminds us of the modes in which light is an essential element in the processes of signification in the theatre, Rebecca Collins turns to sound as an essential dramaturgical tool. Addressing an approach to listening and aural attention that is embodied and phenomenological, she argues that structures of increased attention enable us to tune into aural spatiality. A reevaluation of attention is also evident in Gabriella Giannachi, Peter Tolmie, and Acatia Finbow's analysis of documentation challenges in the intersections of performance and museums through If Tate Modern was Musée de la Danse? (2015). Just as Graham considered the relationship between the dancing body and light through mediation and transience, these authors find complex connections between live dance and visual art in the gallery space and new engagement with performance through Contemporary Theatre Review, 2018 Vol. 28, No. 2, 163–164, https://doi.org/10.1080/10486801.2018.1454157


Temporary or permanent vestibulo‐auditory disability may develop after the administration of the diuretic, ethacrynic acid. A transient loss of hearIng is well documented in the literature; yet, it is suspected that permanent deafness requires the interaction of aminoglycoside agents, other ototoxic drugs, or at least renal failure. A review of earlier experiments shows that the drug affects sodium‐potassium relationships, the stria vascularis and possibly the viability of the organ of Corti.


In this work, we present an analytical model for the churning process in Bitcoin network. We model the churning process for ordinary (non-gateway) nodes with homogeneous sleep time using Continuous Time Markov Chain. Within performance results, we present mean synchronization time needed when nodes come back from sleep and block distribution time in presence of churning nodes. Our results indicate that sleep times of the order of several hours require synchronization times in the order of a minute. Also, a large number of churning nodes can significantly affect the distribution power of the Bitcoin network.


In 2010, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) reported that 23.5% of Americans live in a "food desert". This means that they don't have easy access to fresh food and vegetables. The note embeds the chain-store paradox game in a monopolistic competitive environment to explain this confouding phenomenon, i.e., why certain areas of a country can become economic deserts, while other areas flourish as economic oases in the same country.


Martin and Marsh's (2006) study of 'academic resilience' and its role in student motivation at school, and Williams' (2005) findings linking 'optimism' with successful mathematical problem solving are consistent with the need to develop a positive approach to mathematics in our students. This study examines situations expected to develop a positive approach to learning or an optimistic orientation to successes and failures. Background Martin (2003b), Martin and Marsh (2006) and Williams (2005) identified similar constructs associated with student capacity to overcome adversities associated with learning. Martin's 'academic resilience' is linked to student participation in school learning in general and my construct of optimism (derived from Seligman, 1995) is linked to student inclination to explore unfamiliar mathematical ideas. This construct is a subset of Seligman's 'explanatory style' called 'exploratory style'. I was interested in why some students were not inclined to explore new ideas, but rather remained within the confines of what they already knew. Seligman's optimistic orientation, which relates to student orientation to successes and failures, possesses some of the constructs within 'Attribution Theory' (Weiner, 1974). It also includes a 'pervasive-specific' dimension, and conditions under which optimistic orientation can be increased have been identified (Seligman, 1995). An optimistic child perceives successes as 'permanent', 'pervasive', and 'personal' and failures as 'temporary', 'specific', and 'external'. Indicators of these characteristics were


This paper analyzes the effects of additives on the properties of Iron oxide. The Iron oxide was synthesized using the co-precipitation method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks of resultant Iron o...


Abstract This paper examines how the US media represented Michelle Kwan by focusing on her 'surprising' transformation to a sophisticated and mature image in performing the role of Salome, the biblical temptress. We argue that the narratives are closely related to two Asian/American stereotypes. First, the media subjected Kwan to an infantilizing gaze that reflects a classically racialized stereotype: that is, Asian/Americans look much younger than they actually are. Second, the transformation that coach Frank Carroll devised for Kwan erased her individuality and submerged her subject formation as an Asian/American woman in the stereotypical straitjacket of a hyper-sexual, exotic creature, which is pervasive in popular culture. By interrogating these two perspectives through a post- colonial lens, we argue that the symbolic world of women's figure skating can be understood as an anthropological site of white aesthetic imperialism in which neo-colonial visions of the child/primitive and sexual fantasy are projected onto Kwan.


Mineral resources play an important role in social economy. With the expanding of mineral exploitation, the ecological environment of the mining area has been destroyed a lot. Coal mining subsidence is a typical phenomenon in mining regions. Take the south region of Tangshan city, which is a famous coal mining city in Hebei province in China, as an example, this paper discusses the dynamic monitoring methods on coal mining subsidence area with Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) technique. Take advantage of multi temporal remote sensing images and ground data, with the help of GIS technique, five classes, namely subsidence pool, flyash, green area, bare soil and residential area are interpreted and discussed based on the statistic result. It can be learned that RS and GIS are helpful for dynamic monitoring on subsidence area. A good ecological reclamation example named south lake of Tangshan city is introduced. The research indicates that the ecological environment of coal mining subsidence has improved much and the ecological reclamation campaign since 1997 is successful.


The anomalous gate voltage- and dopant dependence of surface leakage currents in heavily-doped MOS gated-diode structures is described. It is shown that, by using a recombination model which includes tunnelling effects, a good quantitative description of surface leakage currents can be obtained. This resulted in a revision of the classical description of these currents. Simple design criteria to avoid excessive surface leakage currents are presented.<<ETX>>


Contour line patterns, as they are produced by moire topography are dependent on position, posture and body shape of the patient. For all medical applications data are needed, which are only dependent on shape and posture and which therefore are independent of positioning. The measurement of the kyphotic angle from topograms can be performed to meet these requirements and to yield results, which are independent of positioning. Different techniques for measuring this angle are discussed. Digitization and reconstruction of profiles from moire topograms are presented. In order to get reproducible results, landmarks are needed on the body surface. Landmarks may be found either by palpation or by analytical investigation of the back shape. Here, the inflectional points of the sagittal back profile are taken as intrinsic landmarks. Their relation to anatomical landmarks, which are found e.g. by palpation, is studied.


Objectives: This paper outlines some of the mental health and wellbeing issues identified by a cohort of Maori women interviewed in 1999. It aims to give an overview of concerns identified by these women through the use of themes taken from narratives collected as part of the interview process.Methods: A total of 27 Maori women were interviewed in 1999 using an open-structured interview and diagnostic questionnaires (the Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies [DIGS] and the Hamilton Depression Scale [Ham-D]). The narratives gathered during the interview process were transcribed and analyzed for thematic detail. This was then collated with the assistance of a qualitative statistician (MY). The diagnostic interview data were then analyzed using the SPSS for Windows Statistics Program (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The diagnostic data will not be presented here.Results: Themes were identified by participants as being important for their mental health and wellbeing. These included whanau/extended family (n ...


Do species of nutrient-poor environments growing at low nitrogen availability partition their biomass and nitrogen closer to their optimum with respect to relative growth rate and nitrogen productivity than species of nutrient-rich environments? And does the opposite occur at high nitrogen availability? To answer these questions we examined Briza media, a species characteristic of nutrient-poor soils, and Dactylis glomerata, a species characteristic of nutrient-rich soils, at a range of nitrogen availabilities. Based on the experimentally determined rates of physiological processes and morphological characteristics (photosynthesis, shoot and root respiration, allocation of fixed carbon and nitrogen, and specific leaf area), a dynamic vegetative growth model was constructed (...)


This article examines the production and reception of local popular music in Papua New Guinea (PNG) and draws on ethnographic research undertaken in recording studios in Port Moresby, a major centre for music production in Melanesia. Specifically, the linguistic and musical content of two contrasting albums, Gera Verere by the band Waterfall Tunes and Cool as Ice by soloist Flora Suve, are compared in the way they were constructed, promoted and marketed. Both albums were released in 2009 by a newly established record label called Spaida Trakz. The label's perspective on the relative success versus failure of both albums (in terms of sales) informs the analysis and was attained through participant observations at the record company's offices and complemented by a series of interviews with its staff. These insights demonstrate how perceptions concerning place and cultural identity were both exploited or neglected by Spaida Trakzin its attempt to connect these albums with local consumers. Through this comparison, this article examines the broader sociocultural processes that underpin the operation of the recording industry in Port Moresby, and explores PNG popular music's capacity to reflect and embody indigenous knowledge.


A newspaper written by James B. Olsen from August 1951 to 1964. The newspaper started out as a way for the family to keep in touch and informed to family news while traveling. However the newspaper became popular with many locals and turned into local news about Tacoma and Pacific Lutheran College.


Act of corruption, an act that already exists at an alarming level in Indonesia. The element against the law in corruption cases is essential and determines the existence of a criminal act of corruption that must be accounted for, both positional responsibility and personal responsibility. The consequences of personal responsibility are related to criminal responsibility. This research will be carried out to see how the form of unlawful acts does not meet the elements of corruption and how the concept of legal certainty for unlawful acts does not meet the elements of corruption. This research will be carried out using normative juridical research. This research will then be carried out using the Statute Approach and Case Approach. The results of this study then found at least seven types of formulations in criminal acts of corruption in Law No. 31 of 1999 in conjunction with Law No. 20 of 2001. Suppose an act is considered to have violated the law and can be subject to criminal sanctions. In that case, two elements must be fulfilled: the actus reus (physical element) and mens rea (mental element) elements. The element of actus reus is the essence of the crime itself or the act committed, while the element of mens rea is the inner attitude of the perpetrator at the time of committing the act.


Dr. DeWeese is the Sidney Kimmel Professor and Director of the Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences at Johns Hopkins University. He is also Professor of Urology and Oncology at Johns Hopkins. His research has been funded by the NIH, DOD, and foundations for over 15 years and has focused on the identification of genetic mechanisms of radiation response as well as the development of novel cancer therapeutics that also serve as radiation sensitizers. This has included a P01 grant on which he served as PI. He sees and treats men with prostate cancer and actively conducts therapeutic and non-therapeutic clinical trials for these patients. Dr. DeWeese is a senior member of the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins and sits on its advisory board. He has mentored more than 20 predoctoral students and more than 15 post-doctoral trainees, many of whom have gone on to productive academic careers in the United States and England and has served on 6 thesis committees. He also has served on the cancer center advisory boards of several prominent cancer centers and as ad hoc advisor for scientific research programs and clinical radiation oncology departments at several large academic medical centers. With his scientific, clinical, educational, and managerial background as well as his service as advisor to large, multidisciplinary cancer centers in the United States, Dr. DeWeese has a broad experience on which to draw regarding basic and translational cancer research and has demonstrated his ability to critically evaluate and effectively advise research programs.


The decay of 176Tm has been studied by means of Ge(Li) detectors and some gamma-gamma as well as gamma-beta coincidence arrangements. For the half-life of 176Tm a value of 1.9±0.1 min was measured. A total of 31 gamma rays were assigned to the decay of 176Tm. According to the proposed level scheme these depopulate 19 levels in 176Yb, of which those at 977, 1 360, 1 599, 1 673, 2 142, 2 372, 2 411, 2 954 and 3 188 keV are new. Spin and parity assignments are suggested for some of these levels and for the ground state of 176Tm. In addition, four gamma transitions possibly belonging to an isomer in 176Tm were found with energies 116.3, 122.3, 193.6 and 199.0 keV and with half-life 1.4±0.1 min. Also the decay of 176mYb has been reinvestigated the results obtained being consistent with the previous data.


.light levels of soil uranipulations broadly classified in three groups (I) Jibbling, (Il; plow-planting,'and (llll plowiirg, harrowing, and plairtin! wire rried on tateriiic saidy clif loam soil bf We;i Bengal (india) bver a"2-year perjgd, 19.61-62, to ascertain the minimum level of tillage required for upland paddy, without sacrificing the yield. Plowing, harrowing. and planring of the soil (group ltl) significantly increased the grain yie-id and numbei of fertile tilleis pir *etet".o* ovei rhe treatments of dibbling (group I) and plow-planting (group II). The latter treatments did not efectiveiy reduce- weed infesiatidn, i'ftl" the former brought aborrt somewhat better control and the crop attained better growth, comparatively-weed-free. The growth. f1cto59, .hplSht, leaf. .ar:eq "ld. d.y matter, were directly related to grain yield with hieh correlation coefficienti. Amgng the three trLatments of {roup iII, the treatrient of one plowing with moldboard plow, one harrowing with disk harrow, and planting, gave yields very close to the conventional tillage, i.e. plowing four times with country plow, harrowing, and planting. t{.t1."., th6 form'er is considered to be the minimum requirement of soil manipulation for this crop.


We present this latest issue of African Philosophy with mixed feelings. Yes, we are happy to be putting out another number of the journal; but our enthusiasm is tempered by the realization that the regularity of its publication is nowhere near what it should be if we are to realize the lofty ambitions that we have for it. After all, a journal is only as good as the kinds of contributors it is able to attract. And, truth be told, our spasmodic publication record has, we have no doubt, alienated not a few prospective contributors. Additionally, many contributors were compelled to pull their manuscripts and put them elsewhere. To all concerned we would like to offer our sincerest apologies. We hope that what happens from here on will not only persuade those who have been alienated to take another look at us, but will also make them willing to trust us with their work again. While we have been in hiatus, nothing has happened to make us think that the journal and the vision that gave it birth either are dead or have become irrelevant in the current situation. Quite the contrary, the censure that we have received from critics, as well as the continuing inquiries from prospective contributors and, not the least, the steadfastness of the authors that we have included in this volume, are all indicative of the continuing belief of many in our subdiscipline in the necessity and relevance of the journal. For that, we are very grateful.


Educational research assessment is to assess the educational research which includes basic, applied and exploited researches. In response to it, educational research assessment should be of scientific nature by means of logos and practice, should be scientized as a process of dynamic development and its criterion should be: academic and theoretic values of basic research, applied value of applied research, practical value of exploited research; the focus of its value orientation should be: the original creativeness of educational research and humanistic care educational research logos.


The primary objective of this paper is to demonstrate the usefulness of the concept of moral economy for higher education studies through a study of Finnish research universities' patent policies. Patent policies not only stimulate the commercialization of research, they also set norms for behavior and aim to clarify how to distribute rights and responsibilities during the commercialization of research results. My main research finding is that even though institutionalized university patenting is a very recent phenomenon in Finland, policies regulating it have significant similarities to the US case. The main conclusion of this paper is that the question of university patent policies should not be disconnected from broader questions regarding contemporary globalizing knowledge capitalism. Overall, this paper contributes to higher education studies by showing the relevance of the concept of moral economy in studying contemporary university changes and transformations by demonstrating the moral economic nature of patent policies.


A 35-year-old humanimmunodeficiency virus(HIV)-seropositive malewitha 2-year history ofAIDS(WorldHealth Organization classification 3/3c) presented withfeverand polyneuropathic symptomsinbothlegs atourclinic. Results fromphysical examination andchest X raysuggested pneumoniaastheunderlying causeofthefever. Cultures ofsputum samples andblood taken atthetimeofadmission didnotresult intheisolation ofapathogen during the4daysofhospitalization. Thepatient was empirically treated withofloxacin peros andwas released fromthehospital without signs ofresidual infection. Antibiotic therapy withofloxacin was continued. Twoweekslater thepatient returned witha painful swelling thatacutely affected hisleftkneejoint. No otherfocal or systemic symptoms were evident. About80mlofa yellowish andturbid liquid was obtained fromthejoint. Meanwhile, several aerobic bloodcultures (BACTEC)taken atthetimeofthefirst admission hadbecomepositive (after 6 daysofincubation andwithgrowth indices ofabout60). While Gram-stained smearsofthese cultures were negative, staining withacridine orangeorGiemsastain revealed alarge number ofcurved andsometimes spiral organisms. Attempts tosubculture this organism inaerobic oranaerobic BACTECbottles or bloodagar ineither atmosphere failed. However, an organism withmorphological andstaining characteristics identical tothose oftheorganism obtained atthefirst admission was thenisolated fromtheeffusion ofthekneejoint. Primary isolation andsubcultures succeeded on bloodagar under microaerophilic conditions at37°Cbutnotat42°C. Anidentification systemforanaerobic bacteria (rapid 32A;BioMerieux) failed. Biochemical tests forcytochrome oxidase and catalase were positive. No hydrolysis ofindoxylacetate, no alkaline phosphatase activity, no reduction ofnitrate, andno ureaseactivity were detected. Biochemical tests were performedwithdiagnostic tablets fromRosco, Taastrup, Denmark(Indoxylacetate, alkaline phosphatase, andnitrate reduction) andwithtestkits fromDifco(cytochrome oxidase and urease). Dark-field microscopic examination revealed motility reminiscent ofCampylobacter species. Susceptibility tocephalotin (30,ug), tetracycline (30IU),andclindamycin (2IU)as well asresistance tonalidixic acid (30,ug), ciprofloxacin (5,ug),


A person walking through a building will experience a sequence of lighting installations and the adaptive mechanisms of his visual system will respond to each in succession. The delay in the photochemical response of the retinal cones is appreciable in relation to this movement from room to room. Equations have been derived to model this photochemical response, and both a field study and a scale model study have been carried out in order to calibrate this mathematical model. The effects of three alternative approaches have been compared: (1) the time course of photochemical changes was taken into account, (2) adaptation was determined by the illuminance of the area just vacated, and (3) adaptation effects were ignored. In many cases the simplest assumption was adequate. The more complex mathematical model was, however, found to be more accurate.


This article presents the results of a study of the fatty acid composition of lipids of Punica granatum L. variety "Kayum", growing in the Kuva district of the Fergana region of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The fatty acid composition of pomegranate seed lipids after conversion of the corresponding fatty acids into methyl esters was determined on an Agilent 6890 N gas chromatograph with a flame ionization detector using an HP-5 capillary column with a stationary phase. Neutral lipids were extracted from air-dried crushed seeds in gasoline using a Soxhlet apparatus. Chromatographic analysis of the oil made it possible to establish the presence of 18 saturated and unsaturated higher fatty acids. Seed oil of Punica granatum L. variety "Kayum" contains the richest set of unsaturated (total 94%) and saturated (total 6%) fatty acids. The main component of pomegranate seed oil is punicic acid (51.25%). Along with punicic acid, α-eleostearic (13.09%), β-eleostearic (10.36%) and catalpic acids (4.55%) were found, which belong to conjugated α-linolenic acids. Among unsaturated fatty acids, α-linoleic (7.15%) and oleic (6.51%) acids were also found. Saturated fatty acids are mainly represented by palmitic (3.11%), stearic (2.10%) and arachidonic (0.58%) acids. The remaining saturated and saturated fatty acids were characterized by a low content. The composition of fatty acids of polar glyco- and phospholipids was determined. Thus, the results of the study can provide valuable information for the development of drugs and nutritional supplements based on pomegranate seed oil of the variety"Kayum".


In order to have a better and global knowledge of the possibilities for implementing applications based on Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality, a state of the art is presented in this paper. Its purpose is making easier for new researchers or developers knowing the situation and capabilities of these technologies. From the definition of the Virtuality Continuum concept, applications are grouped in those using VR and others applying AR techniques. The ones based on a MR are explained too. Relating to the situation of these technologies nowadays, sectors of application, professional profiles, training offers and standards developed are presented with a prediction of future research lines.


Dairy sheep may take advantages from all aspects of research conducted in the field of animal science and biology. There are, however, laboratories that specifically work in that field and have a direct objective of improvement of dairy sheep breeding. In the field of nutrition, an important body of work has been done in a collaborative EEC project involving France (INRA ; Barillet and Bocquier, 1993), Spain (UA-Barcelona), and Italy (IZCS-Sardegna). Agricultural EEC policy is oriented toward research that may improve the sustainability of a Mediterranean dairy sheep population of more than 70 million ewes.


The recent emergence of multidrug resistance(MDR) in Acinetobacter baumannii has raised concern inhealthcare settings worldwide. In order to understand therepertoire of resistance determinants and their organizationand origins, we compared the genome sequences of threeMDR and three drug-susceptible A. baumannii isolates. Theentire MDR phenotype can be explained by the acquisitionof discrete resistance determinants distributed throughoutthe genome. A resistance island (RI) with a variablecomposition of resistance determinants interspersed withtransposons, integrons, and other mobile genetic elements isa significant, but not universal, contributor to the MDRphenotype. Variable resistance gene composition amongidentical clone types from a single outbreak suggestsdynamic and active horizontal transfer. 475 genes areshared among all six clinical isolates, but absent from therelated environmental species Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1.These genes are enriched for transcription factors andtransporters and suggest physiological features of A.baumannii that are related to adaptation for growth inassociation with humans.


CD37 (tetraspanin is a B-cell surface antigen widely expressed on mature not been fully elucidated. We assessed CD37 expression in de novo diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL),andinvestigateditsclinicalandbiologicsignificance in773patients treated with rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) and 231 patients treated with CHOP. We found that CD37 loss (CD37 2 ) in ∼ 60% of DLBCL patients showed significantly decreased survival after R-CHOP treatment, independentoftheInternationalPrognosticIndex(IPI),germinalcenterB-cell–like(GCB)/ activated B-cell–like (ABC) cell of origin, nodal/extranodal primary origin, and the prognostic factors associated with CD37 2 , including TP53 mutation, NF- k B high , Myc high , phosphorylated STAT3 high , survivin high , p63 2 , and BCL6 translocation. CD37 positivity predicted superior survival, abolishing the prognostic impact of high IPI and above biomarkers in GCB-DLBCL but not in ABC-DLBCL. Combining risk scores for CD37 2 statusand ABC cell of originwith theIPI, defined as molecularly adjusted IPI for R-CHOP(M-IPI-R), or IPI plusimmunohistochemistry (IHC; IPI 1 IHC) for CD37, Myc, and Bcl-2, significantly improved risk prediction over IPI alone. Gene expression profiling suggested that decreased CD20 and increased PD-1 levels in CD37 2 DLBCL, ICOSLG upregulation in CD37 1 GCB-DLBCL, and CD37 functions duringR-CHOPtreatmentunderliethepivotalroleofCD37statusinclinicaloutcomes. Inconclusion,CD37isacriticaldeterminantof R-CHOP outcome in DLBCL especially in GCB-DLBCL, representing its importance for optimal rituximab action and sustained immuneresponses.Thecombinedmolecularandclinicalprognosticindices,M-IPI-RandIPI 1 IHC,haveremarkablepredictivevalues in R-CHOP–treated DLBCL. ( Blood . 2016;128(26):3083-3100) survival calculated from the date of diagnosis to the date of death from any cause or last follow-up for censored patients. Progression-free survival (PFS) was calculated from the date of diagnosis to the date of disease progression, recurrence, or death from any cause. Multivariate analysis was conducted using Cox proportional hazard regression models with SPSS software, version 19.0 (IBM, Armonk, NY). P values # .05 were considered statistically signi


HANARO, a Korean multi-purpose research reactor, has been operating since Feb. 1995, and it reached 2000 days of operation in April 28 of 2008. It has been utilized for neutron science, material and fuel irradiation tests, radioisotope production, neutron transmutation doping(NTD), neutron activation analysis, and neutron radiography. After its initial criticality, various activities were conducted for the improvement of its system, its ageing management, and the installation of experimental facilities. The system upgrade activities included the improvements of reactor systems to resolve the issues found during power operation. Recent achievements are the installation of a fuel test loop(FTL) and the installation of a cold neutron research facility(CNRF). The fuel test loop in HANARO simulates the thermal-hydraulic condition of the power reactor, and the commissioning test including the test fuel irradiation, was successfully completed in Sept. 2009. On Sept. 3 rd , the first cold neutron measurement was conducted at 30 MW, and the results satisfied the neutron scientists. These new facilities will help HANARO become a major neutron source existing in the Asian region.


The monotone bounded series of numbers must have limit.The author gives us a new method to prove it effectively,which can also be used to prove the other basic principles.


In a Pfizer‐sponsored satellite meeting at the Latest Advances in Psychiatry Symposium in London in March, Dr David Baldwin, Reader in Psychiatry and Honorary Consultant Psychiatrist at University of Southampton, reviewed the drug treatment of generalised anxiety disorder. Medical writer, Mark Greener, reports. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Interface Ltd


Abstract The new European Water Framework Directive (WFD) aims at improving water quality using an integrated approach to implement necessary societal and technical measures. Successful implementation of the WFD requires appropriate mathematical models and other tools to manage different phases of the planning procedure and to support decision making in various steps of the implementation process. Design, development, testing and use of these tools call for the development of a conceptual framework, which provides a basis to assure that proper tools will be available and selected for defined purposes. We developed the well‐known DPSIR framework to fit better to the WFD implementation process, and to this framework we identified which types of models are needed in different consecutive steps of the process. The framework, which we call the DPCER framework and which links to different model types, (i) is dynamic, (ii) indicates cause‐consequence relationships, (iii) integrates human and natural science, and (iv) is policy relevant. Its purpose is to bring the potential model applications into a wider perspective and lay a foundations for the selection of models and other tools within the identified three different phases of WFD implementation.


The cardiopulmonary exercise test (CEPT) allows the evaluation of peak and sub-maximal tolerance to the effort, giving us relevant information for clinical decisions. Evidence has emerged that Cardiorespiratory Optimal Point (COP)>30, calculated as the minimum ratio between ventilation and oxygen (VE/VO2) may be a good predictor of events.

 The aim was to characterize the population of the cardiac rehabilitation (CR) appointment that performed CEPT, evaluate COP as a predictor of events and determine the best cut off for our population.

 Retrospective analysis of CR appointment patients who performed CEPT between 2014 and 2017 in a single center. We compared the mortality and hospitalizations according to COP and COP>30. We established the appropriate Cut Off for our population and compared the same with the occurrence of events.

 207Patients (P) (83.6% men) were included, with a mean age of 57 years. The mean COP was 23.6±5.8 (IC [24.06–25.66]). 15.9% P had COP >30 and 33.8% had COP<22. The majority (96.6%) had a cardiovascular disease or risk factors and 99% were medicated. The majority (87.9%) was referred for CR with isquemic cardiopathy (AMI or stable or unstable coronary disease), 9.2% with heart failure (HF) and 9.2% with valvulopathy. 6.9% P died from any cause, 33.8% had an hospitalization (78.6% from a cardiovascular reason). Higher COP values correlated with higher number of all causes hospitalizations (H) (CC = 0.123, p=0.032), cardiovascular H (CC = 0.123, p=0.032), heart failure H (CC = 0.189, p=0.001) and device placement H (CC = 0.173, p=0.003). COP did not correlate with mortality (p=0.453). The cut off of 30 only correlated with HF hospitalization in this population (OR = 5, IC [1.429–17.494] p=0.006). In our population, COP was a good predictor for all cause H and heart failure H (AUC = 0.8 in both). A cut off of 25 had a sensitivity (S) of 78% with a specificity (E) of 70% for all cause hospitalization and S 73% and E 68% for heart failure H. Values above this cut off correlate with more all cause H (OR = 1,928, IC [1.06–3.507], p=0.031) and heart failure H (OR = 5.63, IC [1,44–21.94]), p=0.006). COP was an independent predictor of all-cause H (p=0.018) and heart failure H (p<0.0001). Other independent predictors of HF hospitalization are BNP (p=0.0011) and ejection fraction (p<0.0001).

 COP was a good independent predictor of all-cause hospitalizations and HF hospitalization. In our population the cut off 25 for COP had the greatest S and E for predicting events. In our population this factor was not a good predictor of mortality.


Objective To study the chemical constituents of Swertia decora, a traditional herb used to treat hepatitis by the minority. Methods The constituents were separated and purified by column chromatography with silica gel. Their structures were identified on the basis of spectral analysis such as UV, MS, NMR, HMPC, HMQC and by HPLC. Results Three compounds were isolated from the chloroform part and ethyl acetate part of the extracts. Their structures were identified as Ⅰ-hydroxy-4, 5, 6, 7-tetra-methoxy-9H-xanthen-9-one(swertiadecoraxanthone-Ⅰ, Ⅰ), 5, 7, 3', 4'-tetrahydroxyflavone (luteolin, Ⅱ), and 3, 5, 7, 3', 4'-pentahydroxyflavone (quercetin, Ⅲ), respectively. Conclusion Swertiadecoraxanthone-Ⅰ is a new compound and the other two are found from this plant for the first time. The pentaoxygenated patterns of compound Ⅰ is also found for the first time in the plants of Swertia L.


Thin silicon foils with thickness about 3 to 4 μm are prepared by semiconductor process combined with heavy doped self stop etching process. Boron impurity in thin silicon foils influences on the property of thin silicon foils. Secondary ion mass spectrometry is adopted to measured the distribution of boron impurity. Transmissivity of thin silicon foils is measured on Beijing synchrotron radiation facility by using the synchrotron X ray beam with the wavelengh from 12 0 to 21 0 nm.


Our project "Case VR" brings the factory into the classroom of production and operations management courses. By using virtual reality we enhance the case method for teaching socio-technical phenomena.


OBJECTIVE
To study the effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (EPA, DHA) on the production of NO, expression of iNOS mRNA and DNA-binding activity of NFkappaB in human monocyte.

METHODS
RT-PCR and enzyme reduction method were used to measure the expression of iNOS mRNA and production of NO respectively. The DNA-binding activity of NFkappaB was assessed by EMSA.

RESULTS
EPA, DHA can decrease the production of NO, expression of iNOS mRNA and DNA-binding activity of NFkappaB between the dosage of 10microg/ml and 20microg/ml in human peripheral blood monocyte in vitro.

CONCLUSION
EPA, DHA have inhibitory effects on NO production, iNOS mRNA expression and DNA-binding activity of NFkappaB in monocyte. It indicates EPA, DHA suppress the production of inflammatory mediators via the NFkappaB signal transduction pathways in human monocyte, accordingly suppress inflammatory responses.


This chapter deals with one of the major concerns for reliable use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), providing a description of intentional and unintentional threats, such as interference, jamming, and spoofing. Despite the fact that these phenomena have been studied since the early stages of Global Positioning System (GPS), they were mainly addressed for military applications of GNSS. However, a wide range of recent civil applications related to user safety or featuring financial implications would be deeply affected by interfering or spoofing signals intentionally created. For such a reason, added value processing algorithms are being studied and designed in order to embed in the receiver an interference reporting capability so that they can monitor and possibly mitigate interference events


The automobile industry in Korea is a very large industrial sector. Nowadays, as the interest in low carbon green growth grows all over the world, it is time to actively secure future competitiveness of the automobile industry. Therefore, it is essential to study consumer attitudes and intentions for electric vehicles at the time when technological and social changes are expected. This study was conducted to investigate the acceptability and preference of electric vehicle for 250 people. The results are as follows. As the monthly income and the number of residents increased, the decision was made to accommodate the electric vehicle. The larger the effect of the electric vehicle on the consumers, the more the electric car decided to accommodate the electric car. In addition, three demographic characteristics (monthly income, number of residents, residence type) showed that there was a difference in satisfaction of electric vehicles. As a result of analyzing the satisfaction level of the electric vehicle, it was found that the electric vehicle has a satisfactory effect on the consumer, the electric vehicle is about 3.5 times more satisfying, and the larger the interest of the electric car is, the more the electric car is about 2.1 times.


SUMMARY 1. A study was conducted on the northern shore of Lake Victoria (Uganda) to determine the factors controlling the occurrence of floating root mats and the influence of the floating mats on the distribution of emergent vegetation. 2. Environmental conditions within 78 bays in the study area were characterised using bay size, wave exposure, water depth, littoral slope, sediment characteristics and water level fluctuations. Emergent plants that form floating root mats occur along the shores of these bays. The way in which commonly occurring shoreline vegetation was distributed across a wave-exposure gradient was compared with their distribution across a water level fluctuation gradient. 3. Results suggested that wind–wave action and water level fluctuations are important factors determining the occurrence of floating mats. Mat-forming plants occur in the most sheltered locations along the shore and in waterbodies with modest water level fluctuations. 4. The ability to form mats facilitated the lakeward expansion of emergent plants. Plants forming floating root mats had a larger depth range than non-mat forming plants. 5. The initiation mechanisms for the floating mats of emergent vegetation in Lake Victoria appear to be: (i) invasion of mats of free-floating plants by emergent vegetation; and (ii) detachment of emergent plants from the lake bed following flooding. 6. The formation of floating mats comes with a cost and benefit to emergent plants. The cost is increased vulnerability to damage by water level fluctuations or wind–wave action, leading to reduced horizontal distribution. The benefit is that deep flooding is avoided, thus increasing vertical distribution. The net effect may be to lead to dominance of matforming plants in low-energy environments and non-mat-forming plants in high-energy environments.


Objective:To compare the application of single-shot fast spin-echo (SSFSE) sequence with fast imaging employing steady-state acquisition (FIESTA) sequence for the delineation of anatomic structure and disease in fetus and to explore the clinical value of two series of fast imaging for MRI of fetus.Methods:82 women with middle and late pregnancies were imaged with SSFSE and FIESTA sequences.All the images were statistical analyzed with regard to average signal intensity,imaging quality and artifacts.Results:With both sequences,both merits and shortage were found in the delineation of anatomic structures and disease in fetus,respectively.Normal anatomy and lesions can be clearly displayed with both series.The average signal intensity and resolution of images with SSFSE were higher than that of FIESTA,but with more respiratory blurring;while FIESTA was much better than SSFSE for the detection of fluid.Conclusion:SSFSE and FIESTA have different ability for demonstration of different tissues of the fetus,so it is important to select the imaging sequences reasonably according to the specific diseases to be detected.


In the covariant level-classification scheme of hadrons based on U(12)SF * O(3,1)L symmetry, the ground state baryons and antibaryons are assigned to the (12 * 12 * 12)Sym = 364-multiplet in the spin-flavor U(12)SF symmetry. This multiplet includes, in addition to the ordinary 56-multiplet of the static SU(6)SF, the extra chiral 56' and 70-multiplets, called "chiralons," which are expected to exist with masses in 1 -- 2 GeV region. Their electro-magnetic properties, magnetic moments and radiative decay amplitudes, are investigated. A longstanding puzzle, that the predicted value of the width Gamma(Delta -> N gamma) by the conventional treatment is inconsistently small with the experimental one, may be solved by the mixing effect of 56-states with the chiral 56'-states.


This research study examines the Impact of Environmental Scanning on Corporate Performance in Selected Nigerian Banks. Our goal was to establish whether the knowledge of organizations environment and its scanning has any relationship with corporate performance. This research was conducted to increase our level of understanding of the subject investigated and to add to the existing literature on the subject especially in the Third World countries where such study is not popular. Survey research method was used in carrying out the study. Analysis was done using Difference of Mean and Pearson Correlation Coefficient with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences. From the study, the findings show that environmental scanning firms outperform non- scanning firms, that information derived from environmental scanning is increasingly been used to drive the strategic management process, that managers have a significant knowledge of their environment, that the fold up of some banks in the Nigerian banking industry was due to its inefficiencies in scanning its environment for threats and opportunities and that the scanning intensity in each sector is based on the level of perceived strategic uncertainty in each of these sectors. Base on the findings of the study, recommendations were made that more financial resources should be provided by organisation to put the required systems in place for environmental scanning.


In the cable, one loose tube (16) is in common two or more packages of fiber optic ribbons (10) are respectively bonded by binders of different colors (12) so that we can distinguish the each other. A jelly compound (14) fills the interior of the loose tube (16) to protect the packs (10) from moisture. A layer of waterproof tape (18) is formed on the loose tube (16) to prevent moisture entering the tube. A layer of steel tape (20) is formed on the waterproof tape layer (18) to prevent the tube (16) to be mechanically or influenced by the environment. In one embodiment, a number of tension members (22) are provided outside the tube (16) to thereby give a tensile strength to the cable. In another embodiment, a number of son voltage replacing the tensioning elements (22) are applied on the loose tube (16).


We estimate the role of openness and integration in welfare generation in a cross country framework. Once controlling for institutions, openness is generally associated with increased wage inequalities across nations. However the results for trade policy are mixed. Decrease in import taxes increase wage inequality, whereas decrease in export taxes has an egalitarian effect. The results are applicable only to the larger sample of developed and developing countries. If the sample is restricted to developing countries, protection by means of export and import taxes is good for unskilled workers as higher trade taxes seem to put a downward pressure on the wage gaps between skilled and unskilled. The results highlight the bottle neck faced by both developing and developed countries in WTO talks which have not been successful as yet in terms of further decrease in trade taxes. In case this situation prevails, the paper calls for more South-South trade which would enable developing countries to decrease the relative wage gaps among their labour force.


The performance of two commercial static mixers in the laminar creeping flow regime, the Kenics mixer (Chemineer) and the SMX mixer (Koch Engineering), are compared using 3D numerical simulations. Several criteria are chosen as the basis for the performance evaluation, namely, the pressure drop, the mixer length, the Lyapunov exponent, the mean shear rate and the intensity of segregation. It appears that the SMX mixer is more efficient than the Kenics mixer to achieve a difficult mixing task or when installation space is restricted.


Spam is well defined as the unsolicited bulk messages or junk mail will send to email address or phone number that are generally marketable in nature and also carry malicious documents. The main issue of spam is that it can download malicious files which can attack the computers, smart phones and networks, utilize network bandwidth and storage space, degrades email servers and can cause attacks in our devices like spyware, phishing and ransomware. In the existing approach, an exploratory analysis of supervised machine learning algorithms has done and the performance has been evaluated. The drawback of existing approach is that the performance of supervised machine learning algorithms decreases as we increase the size of the dataset. In order to overcome such drawbacks, an efficient spam detection using recurrent neural networks using the BiGRU model has been proposed. By implementing this, it has been achieved with better accuracy of 99.07%. From this, it is concluded that BiGRU model has better performance than existing approaches.


Abstract In this article, an active phased-array multi-beam antenna model including the nonlinear model of the amplifier is developed and validated by experimental data. An amplifier model with frequency-dependent parameters is considered. To investigate nonlinearity effects in a phased-array antenna, a two-beam S-band array is analyzed, and the results of the proposed method are compared with measured data. It is shown that the presented model is able to precisely predict the intermodulation products with an accuracy of 1 dB. Therefore, the model can be used as a tool to accurately predict the intermodulation patterns for multi-beam satellite array applications, avoiding excessive system margin and reducing DC power consumption.


Complex visual objects like faces are encoded through the primate ventral visual pathway in a network of cortical patches. Neurons across the nodes display specialized tuning to faces and increasing tolerance to image transformations. However, the exact features that neurons in different nodes use to attain selectivity and tolerance remain elusive. In this paper, we first quantified the representational content of neural populations in two fMRI-identified face patches to four attributes: viewpoint, identity, expression and mirror-symmetry. We found that neural population activity is driven by compartamentalized time-varying image attributes, and that multiple variables are represented in the anterior but not the posterior face patch. We then derived maps of feature selectivity by sampling images with Gaussian apertures that linked the evoked neuronal activity and the informative image features (IFs). This allowed us to evaluate the relationship between IFs and global stimulus tuning. We report that the set of discovered IFs explain the patterns of dissimilarity for the global viewpoint tuning. The alphabet of IFs also preserves local image preferences across changes in size and position. Crucially, the derived features are interpretable, and tend to cluster on consistent image regions, providing information about the global tuning that organize the neurons into functional groups.


Abstract. An hypothesis for melanoma induction is presented: UV radiation absorbed by melanin in melanocytes generates products that may activate the carcinogenic process. Products formed by UV absorption in the upper layers of the epidermis cannot diffuse down as far as to the melanocytes. Thus, melanin in the upper layer of the skin may be protective, while that in melanocytes may be pho‐tocarcinogenic. Observations that support this hypothesis include: (1) Africans with dark skin have a reduced risk of getting all types of skin cancer as compared with Caucasians, but the ratio of their incidence rates of cutaneous malignant melanoma to that of squamous cell carcinoma is larger than the corresponding ratio for Caucasians. (2) Albino Africans, as compared with normally pigmented Africans, seem to have a relatively small risk of getting cutaneous malignant melanomas compared to nonmela‐nomas. This is probably also true for albino and normally pigmented Caucasians. (3) Among sun‐sensitive, poorly tanning persons, frequent UV exposures are associated with increased risk of melanoma, wherease among sun‐resistant, well‐tanning persons, increased frequency of exposure is associated with decreased melanoma risk. (4) It is likely that UVA, being absorbed by melanin, might have a melanoma‐inducing effect. This is in agreement with some epidemiological investigations which indicate that sun‐screen lotions may not protect sufficiently against melanoma induction. The relative latitude gradient for UVA is much smaller than that for UVB. The same is true for the relative latitude gradient of cutaneous malignant melanoma as compared with squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma. Under the assumption that the average slopes of the curves relating incidence rates with fluences of carcinogenic UV radiation are similar for melanomas and nonmelanomas, these facts are in agreement with the assumption that UVA plays a significant role in the induction of melano.


The article researches formation and development of the economic relations between the USSR and Afghanistan in 1920s, considering the impact of the political processes of the early 20 th century on the development of the economic relations between countries. The author describes economic, political and social relations of the period, and analyzes the information sources, basing on which the characterization of the economic relation between the two countries is given.


The first part of this article is a cross section analysis of Brazilian communication research produced by postgraduate level (doctor and master programs) of the Journalism Department, School of Communication and Art (ECA) of the Sao Paulo State University (USP), Brazil, between 1989 and the beginning of 2004. ECA/USP is one of the most ancient and in infuential school of journalism inBrazil. An analysis of its production may reveal an illustration of journalism research in the country. In the first three decades of ECA's existence, the field of journalism studies accounted for around 22% of the School's production of theses and dissertations. The second part of the article presents some data – mostly quantitative and partially qualitative – based on a content analysis of the journal Revista Brasileira de Ciencias da Comunicacao. The period considered ranges from January 2000 to December 2004 (five years, ten issues).


At any scale l in the turbulent inertial range, the magnetic field can be divided up into a large-scale component and a small-scale, high spatial frequency component which undergoes magnetic reversals. Such local reconnections, i.e., on any inertial scale l, seem to be an inseparable part of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence, whose collective outcome can lead to global reconnection with a rate independent of the small-scale physics dominant at dissipative scales. We show that this picture, known as stochastic reconnection, is intimately related to nanoflare theory, proposed long ago to explain solar coronal heating. We argue that, due to stochastic flux freezing, a generalized version of magnetic flux freezing in turbulence, the field follows the flow in a statistical sense. Turbulence bends and stretches the field, increasing its spatial complexity. Strong magnetic shears associated with such a highly tangled field can trigger local reversals and field annihilations on a wide range of inertial scales which convert magnetic energy into kinetic and thermal energy. The former may efficiently enhance turbulence and the latter heat generation. We support this theoretical picture using scaling laws of MHD turbulence and also recent analytical and numerical studies which suggest a statistical correlation between magnetic spatial complexity and energy dissipation. Finally, using an MHD numerical simulation, we show that the time evolution of the magnetic complexity is statistically correlated with the rate of kinetic energy injection and/or magnetic-to-thermal energy conversion, in agreement with our proposed theoretical picture.


Refusing is a part of commissive speech acts. Refusing is a face-threatening act (FTA) that needs a good pragmatic competence since it probably gives risk to the interlocutor's positive or negative face. However, it indicates that people from various cultural backgrounds employ dissimilar refusal strategies. This study aimed at providing a comparison of refusal strategies used between Javanese Pre-service English Teachers (JPETs) and Sumatranese Pre-service English Teachers (SPETs) in accordance with different levels of power. The data were elicited from the DCT given to 10 JPETs and 10 SPETs. The participants were asked to fill the DCTs with written responses in which each DCT described different contexts and settings. Based on the analysis, JPETs and SPETs employed similar strategies in refusing to a request. The difference was only on the frequency usage of a certain strategy. Furthermore, all of the indirect strategies were applied to refuse a request meanwhile only a strategy comes from a direct strategy called the negation of proposition that is applied. A direct refusal strategy call bluntness was not applied. This study evoked pre-service awareness of pragmatic competence which could be taught to their future students and larger participants were encouraged for future study.


The effect of a local drug enforcement program on the availability of illicit drugs is evaluated. Using a variety of data-collection techniques, change in drug availability is measured and linked to the direct outputs of the enforcement program. Factors other than the program that might have caused changes in availability are considered.


The invention discloses an octagonal tunnel boring machine. A driving speed reducer is arranged at the right of the boring machine; an output shaft of the speed reducer is eccentrically provided with a first disc and a second disc; a first driving frame is arranged outside the first disc; a second driving frame is arranged outside the second disc; the first driving frame is hinged with the right end of a first driving shaft through a first driving arm; the second driving frame is hinged with the right end of a second driving shaft through a second driving arm; the left end of the first driving shaft is hinged with the upper part of a first trapezoid knife through a first hinged seat; the middle of the first driving shaft is hinged with the upper part of a partition plate; the left end of the second driving shaft is hinged at the lower part of a second trapezoid knife through a fourth hinged seat; the middle of the second driving shaft is hinged with the lower part of the partition plate.


By carrying out the electrolysis in the buffer solutions with acetic acid-sodium acetate, acetic acid-ammonium acetate and formic acid-sodium formate, the pH ranges are determined in which manganese has been deposited perfectly on the anode. In the buffer solution of formic acid-sodium formate, the range is 2.0_??_4.0 and it is widest and suitable for the electrolysis. But the large excess of formic acid radicals makes the deposit imperfect and the relations between its quantities and pH are shown graphically. In the buffer solution of formic acid-sodium formate, the separation of manganese from the large quantities of nickel was tried and the manganese contained in the metallic nickel and nickel salts as impurity was determined.


Software vulnerability analysis is one of the critical issues in the software industry, and vulnerability classification plays a major role in this analysis. A typical vulnerability classification model usually involves a stage of term selection, in which the relevant terms are identified via feature selection. It also involves a stage of term weighting, in which document weights for the selected terms are computed, and a stage for classifier learning. Generally, the term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) is the most widely used term-weighting method. However, empirical evidence shows that the TF-IDF is plagued with issues pertaining to its effectiveness. This paper introduces a new approach for vulnerability classification, which is based on term frequency and inverse gravity moment (TF-IGM). The proposed method is validated by empirical experiments using three machine learning algorithms on ten publicly available vulnerability datasets. The result shows that TF-IGM outperforms the benchmark method across the applications studied.


COVID-19 has had an outsized impact on Latinx communities in the United States, turning thousands of individuals into newly bereaved survivors. Despite an eagerness among scholars to document social inequities in COVID-19, data limitations prevent a deeper understanding of the socioeconomic context of COVID-19 death. This study explores the social relationships, economic factors, and emotional experiences that surround COVID-19 deaths among the members of Spanish-speaking Latinx communities in the United States, as retold in user-written posts on the GoFundMe crowdfunding platform. GoFundMe posts for funeral and related expenses in the aftermath of a COVID-19 death are an unexplored source of information about the impacts of COVID-19 mortality inequities on the health and well-being of bereaved individuals. First, we used computational query methods to systematically identify a sample of Spanish-language/bilingual GoFundMe posts from U.S. locations referencing the death of someone due to COVID-19. After excluding posts that did not meet search criteria, we used deductive and inductive coding to analyze a corpus of selected posts (n = 68). We found that a more complete story about the social context of COVID-19 deaths in Latinx and Spanish-speaking communities includes a focus on family roles and responsibilities, compounded financial hardship, risk of complicated grief, religiosity, and unexpected death. Our exploratory study highlights the need for further research into the contextualized health and well-being impacts of COVID-19 bereavement for structurally marginalized communities.


The factors influenced on stability of resources plant species have been analyzed. The methodical approach of resources herbs use have been elaborated. The special criterions for evaluation of resource status of plants have been suggested. Theirs effectiveness for inventory and unification of rational and sustainable use of medicinal herbs in the Southern Urals are discussed.