ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. EMS, mutagenesis, Phaseolus vulgaris ABSTRACT. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is the major food legume worldwide, making it an important target for novelapproachesofgeneticanalysis.Thisstudyevaluatedtheuseofethylmethanesulfonate(EMS)forthegeneration of a mutant population for targeted induced local lesions in genomes (TILLING) in common bean. TILLING is a powerful reversegenetics approachthat uses alargemutant populationfor identificationofmutants inloci ofinterest. Based on overall survival, development, and yield of treated seed, 40 mM EMS was found to be an appropriate concentration for the generation of a mutant population in common bean genotype BAT 93. Higher concentrations of EMS resulted in survival rates of less than 10% and lower concentrations resulted in the generation of fewer mutants. Based on TILLING results from other species, a population of 5000 lines is estimated to be sufficient for saturation of the common bean genome. Phenotypic mutation frequencies and the isolation of targeted mutations in the BAT 93 mutant population indicate that mutagenesis was effective.


A location-based social network (LBSNS) is a social network service (SNS) that is based on a user's location, unlike SNS, and facilitates additional activities like neighbour-user search and group formation in real time. This research examined the efficiency of a real-time grouping method for extracted neighbour objects on a WMTS (Web Map Tile Service) for which a hash index was used. As a result, the suggested method is not different from buffering a neighbour area according to the average number of returned data per 1 km2, and the required time is shorter than that of buffering.


Objective:To analyze the operational characteristics during selective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in coronary artery disease patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 1 497 patients underwent selective PCI were analyzed retrospectively. Baseline clinical, angiographic and procedural information including compliacations and characteristics of target lesions were recorded. Results: 15.56% of the patients were co-morbidded with diabetics. Diabetic patients were more often to be female, hypertension and dyslipidemia compared with non-diabetics patients (P0.05). Both the number of lesions treated and the number of stents implanted in the diabetic group were more than those in the non-diabetic group[(1.46±0.65)lesions vs.(1.32±0.56)lesions,(1.64±0.83)stents vs. (1.49±0.70) stents, P0.05, respectively].In diabetic group, the success rates and blood current TIMI3 rates after PCI were less and residual stenosis extent after PCI was higher than those in non-diabetic group (P0.05). Conclusion: Coronary artery disease patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have more serious and extensive coronary artery lesions. The short-term effect of PCI in these patients is slightly inferior to that achived in non-diabetic patients.


The use of planning agreements to provide funding for transport improvements required to support development proposals is discussed. The legislation and Government guidance referred to applies to England, but there is similar legislation and guidance applicable to Scotland and Wales. Planning policies since the late 1980s have required developments to be accessible by non-car modes of transport as well as by private vehicles and planning agreements are thus usually used to secure improvements to all transport modes. Planning agreements have been in use since the early 1970s and many agreements have secured highway improvements. These have usually been for single large-scale developments. Securing improvements needed to meet the cumulative impact of a number of developments has not been very successful with the result that many developments cause an impact but the necessary transport infrastructure has to be provided by the transport authorities. New Government advice issued in 2005 has made it clear that ...


True, selling to Malaysia can be as easy as selling to Arizona—provided you have your export plan in place. Planning is important for any business interested in overseas markets, but essential for the new-to-export company if it is to have a smooth and orderly entry into world markets.


The Art of vocational education in the "critics" class is different from the general art colleges set up a "critic" class,also from the general university education as a quality set up,"film critic" class because the purpose of teaching and teaching objects are unique for this particularity of years of practice and exploration,a new teaching methods.


: We report a case of giant cell reparative granuloma (GCRG) arising in the left frontal and superior orbital region of a 20 year old woman. On magnetic resonance images this lesion had a dural tail which is a typical finding of meningioma.


Particle tracking simulations with space charge effects are very important for high-intensity proton rings. Since they include not only Hamiltonian mechanics of a single particle but also constructing charge densities and solving Poisson equations to obtain the electromagnetic field due to the space charge, they are extremely time-consuming. We have newly developed a particle tracking simulation code that can be used in graphics processing units (GPUs). GPUs have strong capacities of parallel processing so that the calculation of single-particle mechanics can be done very fast by complete parallelization. Our new code also includes the space charge effect. It must construct charge densities, which cannot be completely parallelized. For the charge density construction, we can use "shared memory," which can be accessed very fast from each thread. The usage of shared memory is another advantage of GPU computing. As a result of our new development, we increase the speed of our particle tracking, including the space charge effect approximately ten times faster than that in the case of our conventional code used in CPU.


One of the very popular demonstrations used in introductory physics courses to illustrate Lenz's law is the "slowly falling magnet." In its simplest version it requires only a powerful cylindrical magnet and a metal tube, typically of copper or aluminum. When dropped in the tube the magnet takes significantly longer to reach the other end than a geometrically similar but nonmagnetic object. This demonstration has been adapted for use in large classes using a camera to monitor the magnet as it approaches the end of the tube.1 Small versions that can be used for hands-on experiments also have been developed2 or are available commercially.3 This classical demonstration in its various forms almost never fails to impress first-time viewers.


It discloses a method for forming a high electron mobility transistor. The method comprises the steps of: using an ohmic contact when the ion implantation is generated between an improved Group III nitride layer and a contact metal, implanting the III-nitride layer at defined locations; under the following temperature implanting: the above room temperature, and hot enough to reduce the amount of damage to the group III nitride layer is produced, but the surface temperature induced leakage problems or at the gate of the epitaxial layer is lower than the dissociation occurs. Defining the position of injection into the III-nitride layer is added selected from the group consisting of titanium, aluminum, nickel and alloys thereof ohmic contacts.


Korea imports 97% of energy from foreign countries and energy consumption in buildings accounts for about 25% in total energy consumption. In the resident types, apartment house accounts for about 60%. Therefore, energy saving in the apartment house is essential. It was investigated that the amount of gas used in the fist story was over 29% than those of middle stories; it presents that the quantity of gas consumed in heating energy has much difference even in the same apartment. Hence, we investigated about what the cause brought through thermography camera and provided for basic material for the efficient energy management and insulation design plan from that investigation. In the result, the temperature of heating floor in the first story was higher than those of middle stories and the surface temperature in walls was lower than those of middle stories; it indicates that insulation means about heating floor and walls in the first story should be provided.


This work deals construction and manufacturing of truck lifting devices for disabled people. It describe individual concepts of lifting devices for disabled people. Construction of lifting devices is developer by the requirements for disabled truck driver. Construction and assembly of lifting device perfomed by the construction solution to the truck. Device design optimalization maked by the experiences of the device operation.


The corrosive behavior of mild steel in 0.05 M and 0.1M HCl, 0.025 M and 0.05 M H2SO4 solutions containing different concentrations of N-(2-thiophenyl)-N/-phenyl thiourea (TPTU) was investigated using potentiodynamic polarization technique. The results obtained reveal that TPTU is an efficient anodic inhibitor in the acid environment and it is more effective in reducing corrosion of mild steel in HCl than in H2SO4 media. The adsorption of the inhibitor on the mild steel surface in both acids obeys the Temkins' adsorption isotherm. The thermodynamic parameters of adsorption deduced reveal a strong interaction and spontaneous adsorption of TPTU on the mild steel surface. The influence of temperature and inhibitor concentration on the corrosion of mild steel has also been investigated.


The mounting pressure from many sources to allow auxiliaries to do more intraoral work is forcing a critical decision on the profession. Should auxiliaries be trained and licensed to perform many duties that now are performed only by dentists?


Background A payor‐perspective economic analysis of the topical creams ciclopirox, clotrimazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, and terbinafine (TER) used to treat dermatophytosis has been made. This pharmacoeconomic evaluation was conducted in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland.


As we mentioned in our preceding editorial, in 2011 Materiales de Construcción (Vol. 61, No. 301) will be celebrating its 60th ANNIVERSARY. A number of papers have been published on the history of the journal from the outset to date (Calleja, J. (2001) "Cincuenta años de la revista. Últimos Avances en Materiales de Construcción", Mater Construcc., vol. 51, no. 263-264, 7-28, and F. Puertas, M. M. Alonso and T. Vázquez (2008) "La revista Materiales de Construcción. Historia, situación actual y perspectivas". Informes de la Construcción, vol. 60, no 510, 81-86).


Introduction Polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) have been developed as a power source for generating electric ity using hydrogen and oxygen. In general, Pt is still the most practical cathode in PEFCs. However, the convention al Pt cathodes suffer significantly from high cost and lo w abundance. As a consequence of this, the developme nt of non-precious metal electro-catalysts for oxygen red uction reaction (ORR) in PEFC is required. For this challe nge, some non-precious metal ORR electro-catalysts such as transition metal chalcogenides [1], heat-treated ni trogen (N) containing Fe macrocyclic complexes [1], and N doped carbons [2] have been proposed. While those electro-catalysts would be promising candidates, th e surface of those electro-catalysts is easily oxidiz e in cathodic condition and its activity would become lo w level during long term operation. In our group, the Pt-CeO x/carbon black (CB) has been developed as the ORR electrocatalyst in order to minimize the surface oxidation of Pt cathode and maximize the ORR activity on Pt in PEFCs operation condition [3-5]. The lowering of Pt surface oxidati on and over-potential on Pt by Pt-CeO x interaction was investigated by using in-situ XAFS analysis techniq ue [6]. Based on this concept, the non-precious metal tungs e (W)-CeOx cathodes were prepared for design of high quality non-precious metal ORR electro-catalysts wi th both high activity and long stability.


small Tuscan hill town of Lucignano lies some thirty-five kilometres east of Siena above the Valdichiana, on the border of the territories of Siena, Florence and Arezzo. During the course of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries the stronghold changed hands at least four times, a result of its strategic location in the midst of three larger, more ambitious powers.1 In more recent times, interest in Lucignano has tended to centre upon its so-called Albero, an exquisite reliquary tree designed to harbour fragments of the True Cross,2 which forms the principal exhibit of the town's Museo Comunale, situated in the monumental complex at the heart of Lucignano's spiralling, elliptical street plan (Fig. 1 ) . The museum, which further boasts among its treasures works by Lippo Vanni, Luca Signorelli and Bartolo di Fredi,3 occupies the former convent of San Francesco and the adjacent Palazzo Comunale (Fig. 2), both probably dating from some time in the Trecento;4 pride of place is given to the reliquary at the central point of the room originally used as the council chamber of


Technical approach on the modeling, simulation and experimentation methods, which are applied for developing a constructive simulation and engagement experimentation software for supporting light weight torpedo operational tactics study, is introduced. Conceptual modeling for the weapon engagement and simulation entities, mathematical models for the simulation elements, approach for the design of experimentations are described, and screen shots of the software are also presented as some example results of experimentation and analysis. It is found that the simulation and experimentation results are useful to support and fulfill the mission needs and requests. As a consequence, the technical approach is rated to be appropriate to accomplish the dedicated purpose of the simulation and experiments.


We first prove a general and quite simple criterion of absolute continuity, based on the use of almost sure derivatives, which is available even when no integration by parts may be used. We apply it to Poisson driven stochastic differential equations. Next, using a typically probabilistic substitution in the Boltzmann equation, we extend Tanaka's probabilistic interpretation for spatially homogeneous Boltzmann equations with Maxwell molecules and without angular cutoff to much more general spatially homogeneous 2D Boltzmann equations. We relate a measure-solution {Qt}t of the equation to a solution Vt of a nonlinear Poisson-driven stochastic differential equation: for each t, Qt is the law of Vt. We extend our absolute continuity criterion to these nonlinear Poisson functionals and prove that even in the case of degenerated initial distribution, the law of Vt admits a density f(t, .) for each t > 0, which is hence solution to the Boltzmann equation. We thus obtain an original existence result.


After a decade of rapid expansion in Australian higher education, student numbers have grown considerably in many courses and subjects, especially at the undergraduate level. Larger class sizes pose significant teaching challenges, not least in the assessment of student learning. Perhaps most troubling, large classes may limit the amount of feedback provided to students. In response to the pressures and challenges of assessing larger groups of students, academic staff are responding through: • greater attention to the communication of clear assessment criteria to students; • the development and use of marking guides to be used by teaching and assessing teams; • the increasing use of various forms of exemplars to guide student efforts — as well as to guide marking and grading — including the modelling of discipline-based thinking, writing and performance; and • the continuous refinement and dissemination of assessment policy and practice in relation to large student groups. The issue of workload is central in any decisions about assessment of large classes for it is a serious one for students and staff alike. Staff teaching large student groups invariably undertake an informal, qualitative weighing-up of the efficiency of assessment tasks vis-a-vis their educational effectiveness. There is little doubt that establishing an effective assessment program — developing criteria, guides, exemplars and models; discussing and refining them and communicating them to students and other staff — will have an initial negative impact on workload for staff with coordinating responsibilities. However, this preparatory work is likely to lead to three gains. The first is a reduction in the time required for marking due to a higher quality of student submission. The second is a resolution of some of the potential issues likely when many staff are involved in marking and grading, through a streamlining of marking and grading practices. Finally, the availability of clear, transparent criteria and examples of work will contribute positively to the overall quality of teaching and learning.


Software Defined Networking (SDN) technology utilizes software to manage and alter the current networks to improve the networking and interfacing capabilities. It does this by providing a split between the control plane and the data plane. On the SDN controller, each function is run as an application. This paper suggests a structure made up of a unified RAN and an SDN-based core network. For mobile terminals to access the services of the network operator, as well as the Internet and other cloud-based apps, all radio access points in the RAN are connected with the aid of OpenFlow interfaces. Decentralized Content Delivery Networks (CDN) manage mobility without requiring data to pass via the core network, which minimizes signaling. To gauge the signaling burden, traffic steering between the framework's different entities is examined. The suggested work establishes criteria based on a combination of fundamental factors, such as Signal Strength, Distance, and Speed, to assure service continuity of mobile nodes in heterogeneous networks. The parametric analysis of the handover is contrasted with that of the current designs. The suggested framework also provides ProSe capability for a select number of desirable mobile devices in the network and is configured for D2D connection.


an attempt to resolve the difficulties that lie in the way of a Christian interpretation of the psalter, and which is a commonplace of works on liturgical prayer. It will be found that something a little deeper is attempted and we are in effect presented with an interesting and up-to-date introduction to biblical theology. The key concept is that the Jews were the chosen people of God in the Old Testament and the Christian Church fills the same role in the New. All the official prayers of the Jews showed


The structure-activity relationship and interaction between three flavonoids including Morin(MOR),Quercetin(QUE) and Rutin(RUT) and BSA were observed by UV-visible spectra and fluorescence quenching spectra.The results showed that the quenching and binding effect between flavonoids and BSA were strong when the.hydroxyl group was in the adjacent position of B benzene ring of nucleus.However,the quenching and binding effect between flavonoids and BSA decreased when a large group existed,which is due to the steric hindrances.


In the field of turbomachinery, the assumption of cyclic symmetry of rotor stages is usually made to lower the required computational resources. However, in reality, small random blade-to-blade variations, known as mistuning, appear due to manufacturing tolerances, etc. and disturb the dynamic behavior of bladed disks. In this work, an experimental modal analysis is performed on a mono-stage and monobloc academic bladed structure. The frequency response function (FRF) is measured using a base excitation with an electrodynamic shaker and one measurement point per blade. The mistuning of the structure is identified. Then, an optical geometry measurement system is used to obtain the exact geometry of each blade. Based on these optical data, a finite element model of the structure is constructed and the FRF of this model is compared to the experimental FRF. The accurate measurement of the geometry allows to compare the level of geometry mistuning of the academic structure with the identified frequency mistuning.Copyright © 2015 by ASME


The article presents the basic aspects of the impact of recreational activities on the environment. Also, there was investigated the state of existing elements of organized recreation within Pryudayskyy aquatic-terrain recreational complex (ATRC) and was found objectively existing problems of recreation within it. This work in its basis based on several concepts, including the concept of functional zoning of recreational territories and the concept of recreational modules. Combining the fundamental positions of this two concepts, and, also, taking into account the state building codes of Ukraine about arranging of outdoor recreation all of this allowed to propose concrete steps to optimize the functional organization of recreation within Pryudayskyy aquatic-terrain recreational complex. These steps are presented as a description of the proposed scheme of functional organization of recreation within the Pryudayskyy ATRC. In the developed scheme, there was presented individual recreational modules with different specialization and point elements of recreational improvement of the coastal area and aquatic area of Uday River at the site between villages Velyka Krucha and Deymanivka. key words: Pryudayskyy ATRC, recreational nature management, recreational module, functional zoning, state building codes


Abstract. Eriksen BO, Kristiansen IS, Nord E, Pape JF , Almdahl SM, Hensrud A, Jæger S (University Hospital of Tromsø and University of Tromsø, Tromsø; National Institute of Public Health, Oslo; Kommunelegekontoret i Bardu, Bardu; and Nordland Central Hospital, Bodø, Norway). The cost of inappropriate admissions: a study of health benefits and resource utilization in a department of internal medicine. J Intern Med 1999; 246: 379–387.


Introduction World patterns of mortality Mortality and morbidity Livelihood and survival a case study of Bangladesh The world transformed population and the rise of industrial society From infections to chronic disease the case of England Health in a world of wealth and poverty Population and development prospects Contemporary patterns of disease in the UK Explaining inequalities in the UK Food, health and disease Abbreviations list References and further sources, including internet sites Index.


We study behaviour in the E-mini S&P (ES) commodity futures data market to test for violation of the efficient market hypothesis (EMH), and test for market inefficiency. We demonstrate that, on long timescales, a single scaling determines dynamics. ES returns behave in a more general manner than random walks. We find that deviations from the EMH, and the associated heavy-tailed distributions, are more common than expected, and price returns can be fitted with an alpha-stable Lévy distribution. Our results indicate that while the ES futures market operates close to the state predicted by the EMH, the observed transient deviations from this state fail to have a statistical origin consistent with a purely random geometric Brownian motion, and are better described by the fractal market hypothesis.


Emily Dickinson is the most famous legendary lyric poetess of the United States. She perceived death as a gradual pro cess with different functions. In the theme of love,desirable love,treacly love and miserable love are accordingly analyzed,and the paper interprets nature from perspectives of universal images. Through elaborate interpretation and analysis,the paper shows the female poet's original insights on death,love and nature,shocking readers' mind,motivating more researches on her poetic themes,and citing more references for further study on Emily Dickinson and her poetry.


In 1995, Volkswagen of America began a review of its vehicle-distribution system looking for opportunities to improve customer responsiveness and simultaneously reduce system costs. An analytical tool was required to evaluate alternative designs in terms of cost and customer service level, both of which are functions of probabilistic and dynamic elements. These elements include inventory policies, demand seasonality and volume, customer-choice patterns, and transportation delays. By using an innovative combination of simulation and discrete optimization models, we addressed the problem of analyzing a large number of alternatives efficiently. Our analysis indicated opportunities for significant savings in estimated annual transportation costs, and it provided insights on how to implement the proposed system.


This survey on Early Childhood Development (ECD) was carried out to establish the status of ECD training in tertiary institutions in Zimbabwe. It was part of pre-conference for ECD that took place in 2010 in Zambia. Questionnaires, observations and structured interviews were used to collect data hence a mixed methodologies approach was effectively used. .The results revealed that since its inception in the mid 1990's, ECD training in Zimbabwe has developed considerably in nature and scope. However, remaining major challenges include limited leave of absence for infant teachers to upgrade themselves professionally and failure to attract male practitioners into ECD training This was further compounded by high University fees, inadequate supply of material resources, limited local literature and published research studies in ECD and unregulated accreditation of paraprofessional training. This study also, identified opportunities in ECD training which include Government scholarships in accredited programmes, a responsive ECD policy framework, autonomy of universities to accredit programmes and development of a career path for ECD graduates at various levels. It concludes by recommending the need for further training focusing on accreditation of training for paraprofessionals, increased training capacity at all levels, coordinated funding for accredited training by NGOs irrespective of level and research and scholarship funding for higher training in tertiary institutions.


The invention belongs to the rubber field, and particularly relates to cold-resistant rubber. The cold-resistant rubber comprises the components in parts by weight as follows: 50-150 parts of epichlorohydrin rubber, 50-120 parts of natural rubber, 30-70 parts of silicone rubber, 20-60 parts of polyurethane rubber, 10-40 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 10-30 parts of carbon black N100, 2-8 parts of pottery clay, 2-10 parts of sulfur, 1-5 parts of an aging-resistant agent, 1-10 parts of pottery clay, 1-5 parts of aromatic oil, 1-10 parts of white carbon black, 1-5 parts of an anti-scorching agent, 1-4 parts of nano-zinc oxide, 1-4 parts of zinc diethyldithiocarbamate, 1-4 parts of 2-imidazolidinethione, 1-10 parts of a plasticizer and 4-12 parts of a softening agent. The cold-resistant rubber has the benefits as follows: compared with common rubber, the cold-resistant rubber has good cold-resistant performance and is suitable for continuous persistent use at the low temperature, and meanwhile, the rubber further has the advantages of high tensile strength, fire resistance, corrosion resistance and the like.


A blockage or cessation of blood flow to our heart muscle is a sign of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), which is caused by an accumulation of fatty substances in the coronary arteries known as atheroma. The principal blood channels that deliver blood to the heart are known as coronary arteries. In this paper, the possible application of deep learning technique is explored for the detection of Coronary Heart Disease. In this study, the methodology includes infrastructure creation for the detection of CHD using supervised and unsupervised learning. The result shows the proceeding to manage the data set and process the data there, user input is appropriately gathered. The embedded system that conducts data translation is linked to the controller sensor, which regulates the CHD pulse system. The study concludes that the diagnostic accuracy of the deep learning model using Decision Tree (DT) and Naive Bayes (NB) Classification is effective and error-free. DT and NB Classification is an effective way of detecting CHD by the deep learning model. The future potential of this paper is the development of models for heart disease diagnoses in patients around the world.


Abstract Consider a regression model, where D is a parametric distribution that depends on the vector of predictors . Generalized linear models, generalized additive models, and some survival regression models have this form. To obtain a prediction interval for a future value of the response variable Yf given a vector of predictors apply the non parametric shorth prediction interval to where the are independent and identically distributed from the distribution which is a consistent estimator of A second prediction interval modifies the shorth prediction interval to work after variable selection and if p > n where n is the sample size. Competing prediction intervals, when they exist, tend to be for one family of D (such as Poisson regression), tend to need and usually have not been proven to work after variable selection.


Some caterpillars produce sounds to startle or warn predators by rubbing the mandibles together or forcing air through the abdominal spiracles/oral cavity (Bura et al. 2016). Sound production through larval abdominal spiracles (i.e., whistling) has been reported in two closely related moth groups (Bura et al. 2016), hawkmoths (Sphingidae) and wild silkmoths (Saturniidae), which share a common ancestor (Hamilton et al. 2019). Although the sound characteristics and sound-producing spiracles of hawkmoth larvae have been clarified (Bura et al. 2011, 2016, Sugiura and Takanashi 2018), those of wild silkmoth larvae remain unclear. Revealing how wild silkmoth larvae whistle would contribute to understanding the evolutionary origin of sound production in Lepidoptera.


On behalf of the editorial team members of the Asian Journal of Engineering, Sciences and Technology (AJEST), I extend my passionate welcome to all the readers. I am sure you all are aware of the importance of research and advancement in the field of engineering and technology nowadays. It is an honor for me to say that Iqra University is not only providing theoretical knowledge of the prescribed curriculum to its students, but at the same time it grooms and polishes research skills by supervising various research projects and publications. The faculty of Iqra University as well its students frequently participate in different national and international conferences as 'speakers' and publish their contributions in various journals of international repute. In order to excel the research and development work, Iqra University has launched its own research journal AJEST. This is the very first issue of AJEST which is in your hand. With this Iqra University has achieved one more milestone in the field of engineering and technological research. I hope you will find this journal up to the standards and look forward for your contributions by sending your research articles in future issues. is dedicated to the particular aspects of engineering and technology that involve the descriptions and characteristics of analysis and design of systems. Specifically, the journal is a forum to substantiate the practical applications of engineering and technology through a rigorous description overarching fundamental electrical and electronic engineering. It is also intended to publish solutions to the emerging issues in sustainability, security and reliability. The journal is committed to timely publication of the key research work taking place around the world. The quality of publication is outstanding. Our editors and reviewers work effectively with authors to achieve a consistent standard of well written and clearly illustrated papers.


, поселениями , , не зная , как существуют и . и сывает обязывая сообществах , approach. Sociology dictates a differentiated approach to society and, therefore, to publicity. In his article Khrenov describes the features of publicity attributed to pre-industrial, industrial and post-industrial societies. The author also focuses on the transfer of publicity forms that are typical for the industrial society to the publicity forms that are representative for post-industrial societies that create virtual forms of publicity based on developed technologies. Khrenov also pays attention to the contribution of so-called 'the third class' to the development of new forms of publicity. The novelty of the research is caused by the fact that the processes ongoing in the cities of the Modern and Contem-porary Periods, in particular, those that are typical for new forms of publicity, have consequences for not only the society but also culture in general. Publicity is also a sphere of creative culture, thus the author has also applied the cultural approach to studying publicity as the subject of the present research. Publicity is the phenomenon that is related to both culture and society. To prove it, the author appeals to the theatrical life of the XVIII th century when future virtual forms of publicity as-sociated with television and Internet started to appear.


The evolution of hardness,grain size and fraction of high angle grain boundaries with annealing temperature in Al-Cu alloy after severe plastic deformation was investigated by means of hardness measurements,transmission electron microscopy with selected area electron diffraction.It was found that no significant chang of grain size and fraction of high angle grain boundaries of the severely deformed specimens with different initial microstructure was observed when annealed at temperature lower than 150 ℃ .The grain size and fraction of high angle grain boundaries of the specimens annealed at 200 ℃ begin to increase.The grain size of the severely deformed alloy with initial microstructure of solid solution after annealing at 250 ℃ for 1 h grows to about 100 μm and that of the alloy containing θ′and θ precipitates is 10.0 μm to 15.0 μm.The hardness of the sample with initial microsturcture of solid solution is lower than that of the samples containing θ′and θ precipitates after annealing treatment at 250℃ for 50 minutes.


Coastal structures are expected to play a role as evacuation buildings. Numerous studies have been examined tsunami-induced wave force acting on an inland building (Shigihara et al., 2009; Arimitsu et al., 2014). In addition, coastal structures have the potential to obstruct inundating tsunami waves, protecting structure further from the coastline. Hydraulic experiments and numerical calculations on shielding effect are being carried out. Alternatively, the vortices from these structures can result in significant scour downstream, influencing downstream structure stability. In the 2011 Tohoku Region Pacific Offshore Earthquake, many cases were reported that the structure was scrubbed and the structure fallen down. Skakiyama et al. (2007) and Sakakiyma et al. (2008) pointed out that the standing vortex generated around the structure winds sand and causes scouring. Therefore, understanding the vortices generated around the structure is also important in predicting the scouring phenomenon. As such, the flow properties around coastal structures must be considered and acknowledged within the design process. However, there are a few studies focusing on the flow fields behind structure.Arnason et al. (2009) measured velocity fields of dam-break flow around/in the wake of a vertical column. Wei et al. (2015) reproduced the experiment performed using SPH. However, in the experiment, vortexes are not considered and the influence of the existence of structures on the surroundings has not been sufficiently considered. Therefore, in this study, the flow fields of a tsunami-like wave around structures were examined through hydraulic experiments. This experiment was performed to clarify the local vortex structure behind structures by measuring the plane flow velocity field. Also, the effect of obstructing protecting the land side structure is assessed by measuring the wave force behind structures. Furthermore, a three-dimensional model (OpenFOAM) was used to further analyze the flow, focusing on water-level and wave forces behind the structure.


Introduction: The emerging field in cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) emphasizes the crucial link between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite the epidemiological evidenc...


Africans in Europe. A History of Africans in Europe before 1918 (1979). Debrunner's difficulties in presenting interpretative paradigms and thus coherent reading that would not confuse analysis with description originated to a large degree in the fact that he had piloted the very enterprise of a history of European-African interaction. Martin deals with a much smaller corpus of documents and a much more limited scope of time and place. Thus, one would have expected that the author would have paid more attention to the organization of his material (even the chronological principle is continually violated) and to the theoretical framework which sporadically surfaces, revealing sometimes rather confusing if not contradictory elements. Whether Martin's negligence to address the possibility (and theories) of gender differences in the perception of black Africans is a deliberate methodological decision or not, the omission will remain a mystery to readers who have learned that in the study of intercultural encounters, too, the category of gender must not be ignored.


The methods for generation of digital 3D-models of solids within one sheet of a quadrilateral surface of quasi-rotation are described. The resulting models are used to create solids by means of 3D-printing. When analysing the physical properties of solids, an assumption is made about the specificity of the location of their centres of mass. To verify this assumption, the capabilities of the automatic projection are applied. Based on the results obtained, it is found that there is a certain solid - an individual case of the studied solids, the centre of mass of which is located in the geometric centre of its outline, which is a circle. The error curve method is applied to determine the initial parameters of modeling the desired object. As a result of the search, a digital and solid-state model of a solid within a single sheet of the quasi-rotation surface, whose center of mass coincides with the geometric center of its outline, are obtained. The produced solid has properties that partially coincide with the properties of rotation solids. Such a coincidence is not obvious. In general, the center of mass of the studied solids is not located at the indicated point.


This paper begins by discussing two contrasting approaches to health care. The first approach is that of principlism, which emphasises four universal principles: respect for autonomy; beneficence; non‐maleficence; and justice. The second approach is the ethics of care that emphasise the importance of the relationship between the cared‐for and the one caring, rather than abstract principles. The problems with both of these approaches are highlighted, before arguing that an approach based on virtue ethics is more appropriate and better suited to health care ethics. Finally, by drawing on the conclusions of research undertaken with chronically ill people, the paper explores what this approach might mean for an approach that stresses dignity as a core value in health care ethics.


Damage of papermaking fibers is not an unambiguous concept. Fiber damage can also be an internal. Internal damage is not necessarily seen visually, but should be seen as decreased fiber strength and compromised fiber network properties. The objective of this study is to show the existence of internal fiber damage.


ABSTRACT To investigate the dynamic behavior of fine particles under the action of airflow, the airflow in the dry medium-intensity magnetic separator need to be accurately simulated. In this study, k–ε and low Reynolds number k–ε turbulence model are employed to model the airflow. The location and dynamic behavior of fine particles are calculated by particle tracing for fluid flow module. The separation efficiency is evaluated based on the predicted results of grade and recovery. The results show that the low Reynolds number k–ε turbulence model is more suitable for modeling the airflow in dry medium-intensity magnetic separator.


Rax is a kind of world-famous rabbit with high quality fur and meat.The way to gain fine fur,the processing technology of leather products as well as the benefits was introduced in this paper.


The emergence of social impact investments. Investing with impact. The market for social impact investments. Building an impact investment. Impact investments: case study. Traditional vs impact investing. The social impact bond. Proposed model for a social impact bond in Italy.


This article examines the modern Indonesian women's prose. The object of this research is novelistics of the prominent Indonesian writer Dewi Lestari and the compilation of stories "On Both Sides" (Rectoverso; 2013). The collection demonstrates the features common to popular women's literature, as well as to meaningful, socially biased women's prose of Indonesia of the XXI century, known as "sastra wangi". The subject of this analysis is the correlation of characteristics inherent to the two aforementioned phenomena in the stories by Dewi Lestari; while the goal consist in finding the beginning that allows the writer to blend different literary codes. The research is based on descriptive and comparative methods. Neither in Indonesia nor outside it, the women's prose "sastra wangi" has not been considered as a holistic literary phenomenon due to diversity of the discourses applied therein. The scientific novelty and relevance of this study are defined by the attempt to analyze sastra wangi based in on the works of the prominent contemporary Indonesian writer. It is revealed that literary unity of the texts of stories of Dewi Lestari imparts belletristic character on her writing, which allows combining the fields of classic and popular literature. This fact is important for understanding the artistic peculiarities of contemporary Indonesian women's prose sastra wangi as a whole.


Psychiatry needs many things from public health. Whether it is ready to adapt public health techniques and principles to the body of knowledge we call psychiatry I cannot say. We have made a beginning but little more. Other than to admit that mental ill health is our greatest public health problem, psychiatry has done little on a broad scale to help the average citizen live a happier and more fruitful life and virtually nothing to stop the ever-increasing flow of patients to our state hospitals and other institutions for the mentally ill. There are essential differences between public health and psychiatry that are difficult to reconcile, and I am not sure that I shall be able to confine my remarks solely to my part of the topic of our discussion. I will make a sincere attempt to avoid being critical or defensive, and I will point out similarities that exist and differences that may or may not in time be subject to modification. In the beginning let us consider the person who goes into these respective medical specialties. The psychiatrist, whether in private practice, in hospital or in clinic work, has developed his skills in order that he may be of service to a sick individual. It is historical that the practice of medicine rests upon the relationship between physician and patient and begins when the patient becomes sufficiently concerned about his health to make an approach to the physician on a contractual basis. Treatment is highly individualistic, is usually oriented to the presenting problem, and the relationship terminates with recovery or death or by mutual consent. This relationship includes respect, dependence and, in fact, all the recognizable elements of a positive and negative transference. It all adds up to the sick person's desire and need for individual attention and the physician's preparation to render such service for a stipulated fee. With a few possible exceptions one does not pay a physician to keep him well. Here we encounter one


The IEEE standards 754 and 854 for (cid:176)oating-point arithmetic have been under revision for some time. The work is pushed forward by the Floating-Point Working Group (ca. 100 scientists) of the Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer Society. The group meets monthly near Palo Alto/San Jose in California. At present Dec. 2006 is the deadline for the new standard. The author has tried to in(cid:176)uence the development of the new standard by several letters he has sent to the working group. The text of these letters follows.


Recognizing human actions from the video streams has become one of the very popular research areas in computer vision and deep learning in the recent years. Action recognition is wildly used in different scenarios in real life, such as surveillance, robotics, healthcare, video indexing and human-computer interaction. The challenges and complexity involved in developing a video-based human action recognition system are manifold. In particular, recognizing actions with similar gestures and describing complex actions is a very challenging problem. To address these issues, we study the problem of classifying human actions using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and develop a hierarchical 3DCNN architecture for similar gesture recognition. The proposed model firstly combines similar gesture pairs into one class, and classify them along with all other class, as a stage-1 classification. In stage-2, similar gesture pairs are classified individually, which reduces the problem to binary classification. We apply and evaluate the developed models to recognize the similar human actions on the HMDB51 dataset. The result shows that the proposed model can achieve high performance in comparison to the state-of-the-art methods.


Anogenital warts (AGW) or condylomata acuminate are the most common sexually transmitted disease in sexually active populations worldwide. They are most often caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) type 6, and can have a severe impact on the patient's quality of life. Treatments are often ineffective, and all current therapies are associated with localized skin reactions and have reported relapse rates of 30–50%. Recent case reports have indicated the successful treatment of AGW with ingenol mebutate gel, which was developed for the treatment of actinic keratosis. This new drug has a dual action mechanism: immediate lesion necrosis (in a matter of hours) and delayed specific neutrophil-mediated, antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Ingenol mebutate may therefore be a new and effective therapeutic option for AGW. We treated 20 patients with AGW, using ingenol mebutate gel 0.05%. We used a less frequent dosage (half a tube once weekly for 4 weeks) than for AK to reduce local adverse effects (AEs) and improve patient


Combined with the basic support system design and construction situation of the construction project of railway traffic apartment which adjacent to existing line in Beijing, this paper analyzes the application effect of the support system of foundation pit in the actual construction.


Background. In schizophrenia, impaired conscious retrieval of past events and facts may represent a selective cognitive deficit of declarative memory against a background of a generalized neuropsychological impairment. We aimed to disentangle the neural subprocesses leading to this deficit applying the 'Remember/Know procedure'. Method. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded as 14 schizophrenic patients and 14 controls recognized an equal mixture of previously presented old and new words. For recognized old words, participants were required to judge whether recognition was associated with recollection ('Remember') or familiarity ('Know'), either reflecting episodic or semantic memory. Results. Patients showed a lack of 'Remember responses', which led to more opportunities to make 'Know responses'. ERPs for 'Remember' compared to 'New responses' differed consistently in controls over left temporo-parietal and right frontal electrode sites. Although schizophrenic patients showed the same topography for this Remember old/new effect, it was apparent over temporo-parietal sites for only 800 ms and over right frontal sites for 1100 ms post-stimulus. For controls, the Know old/new effect was elicited over temporo-parietal sites between 500 and 800 ms. For patients, it showed a widespread maximum over frontal sites between 500 and 1100 ms. Conclusions. The shorter time course of the left temporo-parietal Remember old/new effect suggests that the patients' episodic memory impairment was possibly mediated by a dysfunction of the mediotemporal regions. The more widespread frontal Know old/new effect in the patients suggests that the prefrontly mediated processes associated with retrieval of semantic memory may be enhanced compensatorily.


Africa is finding its own solutions. In particular its faith community -- which in many countries already provides most of the care and comfort for the sick and dying as well as the orphans and vulnerable children -- has a significant role to play in contextualizing and implementing Bushs plan. The United States should be applauded for its generous investment in the fight against AIDS. But this historic opportunity -- not to mention billions of dollars and the lives of countless men women and children -- will be wasted if ideology trumps proven public health policy. American partisans must not be allowed to make decisions from thousands of miles away -- and from a culture even more distant -- on ways African couples protect themselves from this most intimate of diseases. (excerpt)


In this paper,a twelve-path power combiner using radial waveguide and coaxial probes is studied.Simulation of the combiner using HFSS shows that the return loss of this structure is below-20dB and insertion loss is lower than 0.065dB in the frequency band of 32.7 to 38.8 GHz.With the advantages of broad band and low insertion loss,this structure can be applied to the design of power combiner.


The key topic of the research presented in this paper is the modification of the structure and the studies of properties of the Ni-P coatings through building in particles of the Si3N4 ceramic phase followed by a relevant heat treatment. The main subject of the research is focused on the Ni-P nickel-phosphorus coatings together with the Ni-P/Si3N4 composite coatings produced by the chemical reduction method (Fig. 1). The performed investigations cover the results of the phase analysis (Figs 3 and 4), the chemical analysis (Fig. 5 and Table 1) and the metallographic research of the nickel and composite coatings, both prior and after the heat treatment (Fig. 6). The paper also reports the results of the microhardness tests of the produced coatings before and after the heat treatment (Table 2). The analysis of the data obtained from the realized research has shown that building the dispersed powder of Si3N4 into the Ni-P substrate resulted in significant improvements of the mechanical properties of the Ni-P coating. These properties can be additionally increased by an appropriate heat treatment of the Ni-P/Si3N4 coatings.


Ikan pekasam is an example of traditional fermented food products in Malaysia, prepared
from freshwater fish such as black tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) and Javanese carp
(Puntius gonionotus), salt and ground roasted rice, which is added as the only source of
carbohydrate. However, some producers add tamarind (Tamarindus indica) pulp and/or
dried slices of Garcinia atroviridis to assist the fermentation process. In this study, there
was no correlation detected between pH value, titratable acidity (% lactic acid), salt
concentration, organic acid composition and the consumer acceptability of ikan pekasam
commercial samples made of black tilapia as well as Javanese carp. The organic acid
composition in both natural and acid-assisted fermented ikan pekasam from black tilapia
and Javanese carp were compared. The results obtained showed that lactic acid was the
major organic acid detected, followed by succinic acid and acetic acid. The addition of
tartaric and/or garcinia acids was proven to reduce the fermentation time. Therefore, the
addition of acid has assisted the fermentation process by increasing the total organic acid
content, mainly lactic acid. Moreover, the 9-point hedonic scale showed that ikan pekasam
made of Javanese carp had higher overall acceptability due to tender flesh/muscle texture
compared to black tilapia regardless of the fermentation process and organic acid content


Reuse of cardiac implantable electronic devices has been successful in many small-scale missions in Low-and Middle-Income Countries. Previous studies have described that the vast majority of patients, physicians and funeral directors in the United States and potential recipients in Low-and Middle-Income Countries support device donation. Although there is a potential possibility of implementing donation programme in Spain, there is currently no data available of local patients' views about these aspects. This study aimed to describe the knowledge, preferences of post-explant management and opinions towards device donation of patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices.


Chemically assisted ion beam etching (CAIBE) and electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma deposition have been used to etch and coat 1.3 μm InGaAsP/InP heterostructure lasers in full wafer form. Ar/Cl2 CAIBE, using an ECR dual grid ion source, was used to etch 4 μm deep vertical (90°±0.5°), smooth facets at rates up to 1.3 μm/min. An integrated back facet monitor was simultaneously fabricated in the same heterostructure. High‐reflectivity Si/SiO2 optical coatings were deposited on the etched facets by low‐temperature (<120 °C) ECR plasma deposition and selectively patterned by liftoff. Full wafer testing of the processed devices showed good uniformity (±3%) with laser threshold currents of 25 mA and a slope efficiency of 0.23 W/A at 25 °C and 0.11 W/A at 85 °C. Back facet monitor efficiency was 0.4 A/W over the whole temperature range.


Recent local elections have drawn attention to local political leadership in New Zealand. This article situates local political leadership in the context of recent theorising about typologies of local government and also in the context of changing styles of political leadership. The requirements of leadership are evolving as the role of local government and government more generally has been shaped by new public management and in particular the increasing emphasis on joined-up government and partnerships. The emergence of systems of local governance where political activities extend beyond the institution of 'local government' to encompass nongovernmental institutions and networks of institutional actors highlights the need for a more facilitative style of local political leadership. As well as the need to manage relationships with these networks, local political leadership and representative democracy more generally cannot be viewed in isolation from citizen participation and community involvement, and, indeed, these are now complementary aspects of local governance. This article examines recent literature on local political leadership and presents findings from a recent research project which examined leadership styles and the interface between leadership and community involvement.


Problem-based learning and experiential learning are well-known learning approaches and often referred as powerful on facilitating learning practices, but which one is the most effective on facilitating civil servant training program? This article illustrates a one-shot case study in which focus on one civil servant training program only without comparing it to other programs. The training program was conducted by human resource development agency, Central Java Province, in March 2018. By employing quantitative research approach, this research found that the result of the training program indicated: there are no significant differences between problembased learning and experiential learning approaches. In this case, the learning result from experiential learning approach is slightly above problem-based learning approach's result. Article History Received : July 2018 Accepted : September 2019 Published : November 2019


The use of symbolic road signs is proliferating on the highways, and the Federal Highway Administration is concerned with their effective use, particularly by the elderly driving population. This report describes an experimental study of problems encountered by a broad age range of drivers in learning and retaining symbolic information. A driving simulator was used to present 72 symbol signs to subjects during 25 minute "drives." Performance measures included the correctness of sign recognition, and the distance from the signs at which recognition took place. The experimental design looked at the effects of age, training, and sign format on the learning and retention of symbol knowledge. Subjects received three simulator trials, the first to determine initial symbol knowledge, a second immediately after symbol training to determine the amount of learning, and a final trial week or so later to measure symbol knowledge retention. Sixty subjects were divided into four age groups (age range 20-79 years). The age groups were further subdivided into three training subgroups, each receiving a different symbol training treatment. The overall results showed strong age effects, but no influence due to the type of symbol training employed. All age groups learned and retained roughly the same number of symbols, but the older age groups started off with less symbol knowledge initially. Data interpretation also indicates the older subjects required longer recognition and response times. Recognition performance differences between signs were also analyzed. The 72 symbol signs were equally subdivided into six MUTCD sign categories of 12 signs each, with each category representing a different color code. Recognition response differences were apparent between sign categories and were attributable in part to differences in requiring processing time. Symbology appeared to lead to appreciable differences in both response distance and correctness, with simple, bold, unique symbols giving the best performance. (FHWA)


What Are the Practical Implications for Clinicians? First, since stroke is a syndrome with multiple mechanisms and broad implicated factors, the prediction of clinical outcomes after stroke constitutes a challenge. Second, there are several risk scores (e.g. TPI, DRAGON, ASTRAL, SEDAN, SPAN-100) to predict clinical outcomes after stroke [2–4, 6, 12] . Clinicians need practical and validated tools in several ethnic groups when discussing prognosis with stroke patients and their families. Third, a recent randomized study (JURaSSiC) revealed that the iScore improved clinicians' independent estimations of outcomes after stroke. For example, the overall clinician's accuracy for death or disability at discharge was 16.9% compared to 90% of the iScorebased estimates, which were within the 95% CI of observed outcomes [13] . Fourth, the application of clinical tools (available on the web or for smart phones) may help in communicating with and in counseling patients and their families [14] . In my personal view and as shown in the JURaSSiC trial, most stroke risk prediction outcome scores would facilitate, on average, better estimations compared to predictions based solely on the experience of clinicians [13] . Fifth, several authors attempted to compare different risk scores. They favored the use of some risk scores by comparing two statistical performance measures: discrimination and calibration. However, these measures have limited (if any) use for practical clinicians [15] . What we need to know is how many patients were 'correctly diagnosed' by each risk score in the general population and/or prespecified groups. Moreover, clinicians would like to know the probability of a good outcome or the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage predicted by each risk score after receiving tPA (compared to patients not receiving tPA). It is important to bear in mind that calibration and discrimination are statistical measures of performance of models that provide limited information to answer the aforementioned questions. Sixth, when applying risk scores it is important to evaluate their validity in the studied population (e.g. external validity or generalizability). For example, the iScore was initially created and validated in an ethnically diverse population from Canada [8] . More recently, studies from Greece, Korea, China and other countries revealed good performance in other ethnic groups [16–19] . The present study provides some additional evidence of its application to a welldefined European population [11] . Together, the aforementioned points illustrate some of the benefits, caveats and limitations for outcome predictions using risk scores. Paraphrasing Albert Einstein (March 14, 1879 to April 18, 1955): 'Occurrences in this domain are beyond the reach of exact prediction because of the variety of factors in operation, not because of any lack of order in nature.' Prognosis is a medical term, derived from the Greek – foreknowing, foreseeing – to denote the likelihood of the occurrence of a particular outcome. In the last few years, several colleagues have developed stroke risk prognostic scores to predict different outcomes, including early and long-term mortality, disability, discharge disposition, response to tPA and risk of intracerebral hemorrhage after thrombolysis, among others [1–7] . When applied to large populations, risk scores can provide useful prognostic estimates. Clinicians, patients and their families wonder about the probability of having a good outcome, response to an intervention, or risk of death and/or disability after an acute ischemic stroke. The iScore (Ischemic Stroke Risk Score) is a validated score including several well-known factors affecting stroke outcomes (e.g. age, sex, stroke severity, glucose on admission, concomitant comorbid conditions, preadmission dependency, etc.) [8] . It can be used not only to estimate the risk of shortand long-term death and disability early after hospitalization for an acute ischemic stroke (www.sorcan.ca/iscore), but also the likelihood of achieving a favorable outcome after tPA and risk of intracranial hemorrhage [9, 10] . Béjot et al. [11] evaluated the performance of the iScore in over 1,000 stroke patients, applying a population-based design in France. They found good performance of the iScore when applied to their patients: the C-statistic was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.82–0.89) for 30-day and 0.84 (0.81–0.87) for 1-year mortality. Similar findings were observed for disability (C-statistic: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.79–0.84). They also found similar good discrimination for mortality (C-statistic: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.76–0.93) and for functional outcome at discharge (Cstatistic: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.72–0.90) for patients receiving tPA.


It is argued that learning is better and more successful when conducted in the variety spoken by students. In addition, it is claimed that the use of students' variety in education enables students to use their own potential and helps them to achieve 'deep learning.' Besides, the use of students' native dialect in education enhances the social, cognitive, emotional and linguistic development of learners' in and out of school. For these reasons, it is argued that students need to be educated through their own variety. However, in multidialectal society, the issue of dialect and education in general and the issue of choosing the variety to be used as a Language of Instruction(LOI) in particular has been a great concern to linguists, educationalist and researchers for a long period of time (Yiakoumetti, 2007). This is because selecting the variety to be used as a LOI in multidialectal society is difficult as well as controversial. Besides, deciding the LOI largely depends on a variety of factors such as historical, economic, pedagogical, sociolinguistic, cultural, ideological, theoretical or/and political (UNESCO, 2003). For these reasons, the incorporation of dialects in educational system is questionable and contentious. This article is, therefore, intended to describe the use of dialects in education. Specifically, it will describes variations within the same language, social and regional dialects, standard and nonstandard varieties and their use in education the social evaluation of language varieties and its influence on their use in education, deficit and difference views and their influence on educational practice and the impacts of using dialects in education on students' learning and achievements.


Education in the 21st century imparts personal talents, build competencies, overcome problems and enhance wellbeing of individuals. The advancement in the field of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has carried extraordinary modifications, in addition to exaggerating the difficulties of contemporary civilizations. ICT becomes significant in every person's day to day life and in our education system. But students are expected to have sufficient knowledge to use ICT in learning and preparation. They need to enhance their learning strategies to meet the need and demands of the global technological world. This study gathered the Integration of ICT in Transforming Education among Non-Science Stream students. This will support the student in recognizing the need for ICT in their learning process. The present study is a descriptive research, involving survey technique. As many as 300 Non-Science Stream students of 4 colleges in Lebanese French University, Erbil, Kurdistan region of Iraq were selected as sample. This study reveals that non-science students also have adhered to the integration of ICT in transforming education.


The adsorption ratio of the sand chloride ion was studied,and a linear regression was made.In order to determine an effective preparation method for simulating the sea sand in laboratory,the major mechanical properties of the sea sand and the simulated sea sand are compared,and then found that,the performances were very close,so the feasible simulation test of sea sand was verified.


To reassess the normal duration of each stage of labor in a contemporary Japanese cohort, and to determine whether prolongation of each stage of labor increases the rate of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in vaginal deliveries.


ECEASST Preface Bidirectional transformations (bx) are a mechanism for maintaining the consistency of two (or perhaps more) related sources of information. Such sources can be databases, software models , documents, or their abstract models like graphs or trees. BX are an emerging topic in a wide range of research areas with prominent presence at top conferences in different fields. The methodologies used for bx range from classical program transformation to graph transformation techniques, from ad-hoc techniques for data synchronization to the development of domain-specific languages and their integration. The First International Workshop on Bidirectional Transformations (BX 2012) established a dedicated venue for bx in all relevant areas. It was initiated by the participants of the Dagstuhl Seminar " Bidirectional Transformations "bx" " The aim of BX 2012 was to bring together researchers, established and new, interested in bidi-rectional transformations from different perspectives, such as: language-based approaches, soft-ware/model transformations, and model/metamodel co-evolution, which is a different yet closely related subject. The call for papers attracted 15 submissions, of which 2 were in the category of short papers. Each submission received at least four reviews, by programme committee members assisted by external reviewers. After thorough discussion the programme committee accepted 6 regular submissions and both the 2 short paper submissions for presentation at the workshop and inclusion in the pre-proceedings distributed at the workshop. The workshop programme also included two invited presentations: Abstract. Most processes in database engineering consist in transforming schemas according to definite requirements. Basically, a schema transformation is a rewriting rule that allows schema constructs to be replaced by other constructs that are expected to better meet these requirements. are some popular database related processes that can be modelled as schema transformations. In most cases, schemas have instances, so that parallel data transformation rules are associated with schema transformations in order to adapt the contents of the source database to the new target schema. A transformation is qualified semantics-preserving, or bidirectional, if there exists an inverse transformation through which the source database (schema and instances) can be recovered from the target database. This class of transformations are important in that they guarantee the preservation of information capacity of the source database through an arbitrary chain of transformations. For instance, describing the database design process as a bidirectional transformation ensures that all the user requirements expressed by the 1 / 4 Volume 49 (2012) Preface conceptual schema have been translated …


A novel approach for the investigation of reaction kinetics using a polytropic miniplant reactor featuring a highly resolved fibre optic temperature measurement and FTIR gas phase analysis is presented for methanol synthesis.


Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is one of several considerably complex diseases. Several HSCR susceptibility loci have been reported through genome-wide association studies. However, haplotype tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (htSNPs) of the ret proto-oncogene (RET) has been identified in the past as being associated with an increased risk for HSCR. This study genotyped 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the RET in 68 patients with HSCR and 120 controls using TaqMan SNP genotyping assays and restriction fragment length polymorphism. However, haplotype analysis of the RET was likewise associated with the disease which has been suggested to be more powerful than individual SNP analyses. The haplotype analysis was carried out using Haploview software. The results showed that htSNPs, located in the intron 1 of the RET, strongly associated with HSCR (odds ratio 3.64, 95% confidence interval 2.24–5.92, P < 0.0001). These findings suggested that RET plays a role in the pathogenesis of HSCR in the Thai population.


In computerized street traffic control systems, there are several advantages to using a distributed computer system rather than a central computer system. The detector data can be processed by microprocessors located at the intersections to yield such parameters as volume, occupancy, speed, platoon width, platoon arrival and departure times. This paper describes the modeling of platoon characteristics based on detector data only. Among the topics considered are platoon width, platoon splitting, and platoon movement at an intersection with 2 way flow and turning lanes.


One of the limitations with the current relationship-based IR models is that a relation is often recorded as a binary form, such as R(Term1,Term2), which is only composed of general information of a pair of two terms which are semantically and syntactically related to each other. To tackle this problem, a triple is defined in this paper as a data structure for the integration of a pair of concepts as well as a verb phrase or sometimes a special noun we extract from the sentence as the relation of the concepts pair. We applied the advanced ontology-based approach to extract generic concepts and relations by using both UMLS and WordNet, and implemented a new approach to rank retrieved passages from documents corresponding to measuring system performance mentioned in TREC 2007 Genomics Track. We built a new version (IRIRS) of the relation-based IR system (RIRS) developed by DM & Bioinformatics Lab of Drexel University in 2004. We use IRIRS to search answers in tests of English reading comprehension and improve the retrieval result of all official runs in TREC 2004 Genomics Track. The experiments which are based on the different collections show more promising performance of IRIRS than RIRS. The character-based MAP measuring passage-level retrieval performance, for 64 topics from the first collection is significantly raised from 64.44 % (RIRS) to 74.28%. The MAP (Mean Average Precision) for 50 topics from the second collection is raised from 21.71% (TREC) and 37.58% (RIRS) to 40.14%.


A brief discussion of the influence of modernism on the design of a particular building type necessitates two explanations: first, there is an assumption of the parameters of
 modernism in architectural design and second, there is the explanation of what modernism might represent to the function or use of the particular building type - in this case,
 theatre.


It is a kind of complex system with uncertainty to elevator systems. There are lots of factors that influences the dispatch of elevator.Based on the simple discussion of elevator features,the paper gives an evaluation model of elevator dispatch and makes basically a simulation experiment research for elevator dispatch problem by the process -sing method of multi-goal programming.


We have developed the industrial-use personal computer system which is equipped with real-time and multi-task operating system(OS). This paper describes the method how to apply to a laser marking system using this personal computer and characteristics.


Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging is effectively used for measuring the absorption of electromagnetic radiation in the brain tissue noninvasively. The absorption of electromagnetic energy in the brain transforms into thermal energy and affects the nuclear magnetic shielding of the molecules. The subsequent temperature increase caused by the absorption of energy is then measured by the resonance frequency shift of hydrogen protons of the water molecules in the brain tissue. NMR imaging provides fast three dimensional (3D) distribution of thermal energy in the brain during the exposure to power and time varying radio frequency (RF) fields. A method is presented for measuring the absorption of electromagnetic energy in ex vivo brain tissue subjected to a radiation from a half wavelength dipole antenna assembly. This method provides high spatial and temporal resolution to characterize the hot spots formed by the absorption of cell phone radiation in brain tissue and allows for the measurements of the specific absorption rate averaged over 1 mg and 10 s in the brain tissue throughout the total absorption volume. NMR thermometry and fiber optic temperature sensors confirm the accuracy of the measurements.


In this review study, we investigate various strategies for lung field segmentation by utilizing digital image processing. In chest radiographs (CXRs), lung field dissection segmentation is and will continue to be a crucial phase in the process of automatically evaluating pictures of this kind. We describe a method for the segmentation of the lung field that is based on a boundary map of high quality that was detected using a structured edge detector, which is a contemporary border detector (SED). A SED has previously been trained to recognize lung limits by using manually delineated lung sections in CXRs as training data. Following this step, the masked and tagged boundary map is converted into the active contour map (ACM). In conclusion, the lung contours that are created by following filter phases that are based on Gaussian and dilate features are the contours that have the highest rate of trust in the ACM. Our method is evaluated using aberrant lung pictures obtained from chest x-rays, and it is demonstrated to be superior, in terms of the amount of processing time required, to segmentation utilizing a universal contour map.


When the European Community embarked on its science research programs seven years ago, it was widely assumed that discoveries arising from the work would provide lucrative earnings potential. Unfortunately, the considerable funds invested to date haven't fulfilled this expectation, according to a 34-page report compiled by the EC's Court of Auditors in Luxembourg. Among other conclusions, the sometimes rambling report recommends that the EC Commission take action in several areas. It should: • Make an effort to identify more accurately the cost of the research operations that the EC carries out, as well as assess the positive impact of its actions, and establish guidelines for evaluating its promotion of research results. • Present proposals to the budgetary authority toward abolishing overlaps between the European Coal & Steel Community operating budget and the general EC budget. • Be more rigorous in the defense of the EC's intellectual and financial rights, and ensure, particularly in its contracts, ...


Objective:To investigate the relativity between clinic manifestations and brain CT characteristics of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism.Methods:CT findings and clinical data of 12 cases with idiopathic hypothyroidism were analyzed retrospectively.Results:Symmetrical calcifications in bilateral basal ganglia were found in all cases.Symmetrical or non-symmetrical calcifications were also found in bilateral dentate nuclei(6 cases),thalami(6 cases),brain hemisphere(6 cases).No calcification in internal capsule was found in all cases.Number and position of calcification gradually increased along with prolonged course of diseases.4 cases of patients with epilepsy showed calcifications in more positions than basal ganglia.Conclusion:Multiple calcifications especially the symmetrical calcifications in bilateral basal ganglia,are the characteristic findings of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism in brain CT.Areas of calcification is relative to clinical courses and symptoms of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism.


The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 (SF‐36) is recommended to assess quality of life (QOL) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The aim of the current study was to assess QOL over time in the first 5 years of a multicenter inception cohort of patients with SLE.


The Sr 3d X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectrum of Sr‐containing hydroxyapatite (SHAp) overlaps completely with the P 2p spectrum. Thus, the chemical state identification of Sr in SHAp is a challenging task. In this work, the Sr 3d spectrum was isolated from the overlapping spectra for analyzing the chemical state of Sr using a generic peak‐fitting method. The SHAp layers containing various Sr concentrations were produced on a Ti substrate using a chemical treatment process with a calcium phosphate slurry that included Sr (NO3)2. The distribution of the constituent elements changed according to the Sr concentration, implying that the chemical state of Sr varied with concentration. The isolation of the Sr 3d XPS spectrum was conducted via spectral deconvolution using the P 2p spectrum corresponding to HAp. The isolated Sr 3d spectrum revealed that the chemical state of Sr was in SrO and Sr‐substituted HAp states, and their ratio varied with the Sr concentration in the layer. The SrO to Sr‐substituted HAp ratios affected the Sr ion releasing behavior from the SHAp layer, supporting the validity of the obtained analytical results.


This paper describes a novel methodology regarding dynamic data regulation for vehicle passage detectors. A vehicle detector is generally fixed at a specific location, but this location may not, at all times, be the optimal place for efficient data collection. If the detector is occupied by queues during a specific period, it will produce irregular data for traffic control and management. Therefore, the optimal location should be dynamic. This paper develops a regulator to track the optimal vehicle-detector location in a variety of traffic conditions and an algorithm to adjust the detected data from the original fixed detector as if they were detected by the detector at its time-dependent optimal location. Without moving the fixed detectors from time to time, this method allows vehicle detectors to issue more reliable data that reflect the actual traffic demand and are not corrupted by traffic signals or queues. Statistical tests at a significant level support the method presented in this study. The results of this study will help existing vehicle detectors generate more accurate data for traffic control and management.


The multi-function gastric cancer clinical pathology database that was set up by virtue of Filemaker pro 8.5 database software is a practical tool for saving, analyzing and summarizing the gastric cancer data. This database could promote diagnostic accuracy of gastric cancer and clinical researching level, and supply better condition for young doctor on specialization training.


The invention water lily relates to a cosmetic composition containing Training, improving wrinkles, increase elasticity, antioxidants, whitening, a cosmetic composition


Field exploration of Daganping landslide in 318 national road is conducted The engineering and hydrologic geologies of the landslide are found out by means of shallow layer seismic, electric exploration and mechamical drilling The results of the study demonstrate that the landslide is resulted from joint action of topographic and geologic conditions, soil properties and construction The results of the exploration and experiment would be used to study the stability of landslide and provide a programme for its management


iii CHAPTER ONE. GENERAL INTRODUCTION Background 1 Objectives 16 Justification 17 Thesis Organization 17 Literature Cited 18 Tables and Figures 21 CHAPTER TWO. ARTHROPOD COMMUNITY OF REMNANT, RESTORED, AND RECONSTRUCTED IOWA TALLGRASS PRAIRIE: A COMPARISON Abstract 25 Introduction 26 Methods 28 Results 31 Discussion 36 Conclusions 40 Acknowledgements 40 Literature Cited 42 Tables and Figures 44 CHAPTER THREE. TERRESTIAL ARTHROPOD INDICATORS FOR ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION OF IOWA TALLGRASS PRAIRIE Abstract 69 Introduction 70 Methods 72 Results 74 Discussion 76 Conclusions 80 Acknowledgements 81 Literature Cited 82 Tables and Figures 84 CHAPTER FOUR. GENERAL CONCLUSIONS 101 Literature Cited 103 APPENDIX. SUPPLEMENTAL FIGURES FOR CHAPTER TWO 104 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 117


The related weather station data,data of ten NRG encryption anemometers and the data of Longyuan Wanghaisi wind power plants were used.On the basis of the extremely significant of statistical analysis of related power generation and wind speed of the encryption anemometer station,wind speed of the weather station and the encryption anemometers,as well as average speed among each encryption anemometer station.By simulating,it set regression curve prediction equations: daily power generation and average wind speed from Jan.to Feb.,Mar.to Jun.,Jul.to Sep.and Oct.to Dec.at Longyuan Wanghaisi wind power plants.By examining,the deviation of single-machine power generation are 0.01% and-2.1%,respectively.By using the prediction model of Longyuan Wanghaisi wind power plants and daily power generation of these encryption anemometers,it forecast the power generation of proposed wind power plants.The annual power generation are as follow: Aoliying,Haoguan,Yushudi,Erniu,Liushu,Huangbeipu,Shuangtaizi,Shandongtun and Huangjia.


The process of jet engines manufacturing is complex. Hazards and risks and many critical elements are present in the thousands of activities required to manufacture an engine. In the conducted investigation it is observed a lack of a specific model to estimate quantitatively the probability of a jet engine operational failure. The goal of this thesis is to develop a causal model for probabilistic risk analysis of jet engines failure in manufacturing situational operation. The model is characterized by the application of Bayesian Network associated with the fault tree and event tree to quantify the probability of failure. For the establishment of state-of-the-art and technique and for the conception and construction of the model, a bibliometric research was conducted in the main national and international search engines, in the scientific and technical journals, in the database of dissertations/theses and technical events related to the topic. For the estimation of the probabilities associated with the proposed fault scenarios, a process of probability elicitation from technicians and experts was developed. In the design of the model three areas of influence for the reliability of the system were considered: human, software and calibration. As a result CAPEMO model was developed, that is supported by a software application that uses probability theory to model uncertainty. The probability of engine failure estimated at the end of the manufacturing process, before the motor be put into operation, helps in the allocation of resources in the decision-making process and improves system safety reducing the risk of engine failure in operation


Objective According to the change of AAI in fentanil-propofol intravenous anesthesia fiberoptic intestine endoscopy diagnosis and treatment of fiber, compared AAI monitoring with routine monitoring, the study was to reduce the dosage of anesthetics effectively and its side effects, based on appropriaste control of the depth of anesthesia. Methods Sixty patients were randomly divided into group A (observe group) and group B (contrast group), 30 patients per group. Group A, besides SBP, DBP, HR and SpO2, AAI value routine monitored continuously by A-liner to anaesthetize/the calm depth monitor; Group B, SBP, DBP, HR and SpO2 monitored continuously, to guide the use of narcotic drugs. Results Monitoring of AAI values in intestine endoscopy with fentanil-propofol intravenous anesthesia, endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of fiber, which can respond immediately to changes in the depth of anesthesia, forecast the body reaction, and control the narcotic drug use in time to meet the needs of surgery intensity.Conclusions In the elderly analgesia intestine endoscopic diagnose and treatment, AAI can guide anesthetic dosage to reduce effectively its side effects.

Key words:
Auditory evoked potentials ;  Fentanil-Propofol ;  Intestine endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of fiber ;


In any construction contract, the use terms and conditions in construction contract clauses has a great impact on the project performance, which in turn affects the achievement of the project completion date. Clauses within a contract should fit together to form a reasonably allocated risk among project parties and relevant to the complexity of projects. The General Condition clauses, which were looked at in this study, consist of the ones that relate to the time performance of the contract as well as that deal with action required at specific points in time within a contract. As we know, a clear and more complete General Condition documentation should end up with win-win situations for parties involved. If there are much unclear and even unknown information within the General Condition, the parties contracting will encounter uncertainties with relations to time that during the project execution. For the parties contracting, it is always to their advantage if more complete and comprehensive documentation used as it means fewer disputes, less conflicts, and time and energy saving during construction instead of claiming and debating over the provisions. The paper is to present an analysis on the time related clauses and provisions in the current local (used in Malaysia) and international construction contracts.


We introduce a new micro-macro decomposition of collisional kinetic equations in the specific case of the diffusion limit, which naturally incorporates the incoming boundary conditions. The idea is to write the distribution function $f$ in all its domain as the sum of an equilibrium adapted to the boundary (which is not the usual equilibrium associated with $f$) and a remaining kinetic part. This equilibrium is defined such that its incoming velocity moments coincide with the incoming velocity moments of the distribution function. A consequence of this strategy is that no artificial boundary condition is needed in the micro-macro models and the exact boundary condition on $f$ is naturally transposed to the macro part of the model. This method provides an "asymptotic preserving" numerical scheme that generates a very good approximation of the space boundary values at the diffusive limit, without any mesh refinement in the boundary layers. Our numerical results are in very good agreement with the exact so-c...


Comprehensive targeted Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) panels are routinely used in modern molecular cancer diagnostics. In molecular tumor boards the detected genomic alterations are often discussed to decide the next treatment options for the cancer patient. With the increasing size and complexity of NGS panels, the discussion of these results becomes increasingly complex, especially if they are reported in a text-based form, as it is the standard in current molecular pathology. We developed the Molecular Tumor Profiling pilot (MTPpilot) software to enable an efficient and quick analysis and visualization of complex NGS results, thanks to a combination of automated annotations and interactive tools. The software is tailored for the use at molecular tumor boards to aid clinical decision making. It is freely available as a web-application at https://www.mtppilot.org.


The invention relates to the foamed plastic technical field, in particular to a process for producing MDI common foamed plastic with low toxic and environmental-friendly, which adopts the hand foaming and continuous foaming method, uses 0-100% PPG (polyether polyatomic alcohol), 0-100% POP (graft polyether polyatomic alcohol), 0.01-4% H2O, 0.3-0.5 Silicon (silicon oil, interfacial active agent and ), 0.01-0.8% T-9 (metallic catalyst) and 0.01-0.8% A-1 or A-33 (tertiary amine catalyst), and alcohols whose low molecular weight is higher than OH value, stirs cross linking agent into pasty for backup, then adds with 0-100% liquefied MDI and or 0-100% MDI polymer and or 0-100% modified MDI, and obtains common foamed plastic of MDI through rapidly stirring. The production process of the invention has simple operation, and the foamed plastic which is produced has low toxic and meets the environmental-friendly requirements.


The present invention relates to for treating Alzheimer disease or amyloidosis-related pathologies illness combination treatment, the second compound including co-administration therapy a effective amount of first compound and therapeutically effective amount.In some embodiments, the first compound or second compound inhibit A β peptide polymerization;It is anti-inflammatory agent;Improve cognitive function, mood or Social behaviors;It is related to Tau or alpha-synapse nucleoprotein;Or it adjusts 4 amyloid and removes.


Awareness of university professors about the role of the research ethics commiƩ ee The aim of this qualitaƟ ve study was to understand the awareness of professors in a Brazilian Public Univer- sity about the performance of the research ethics commiƩ ee in the assessment of protocols as well as their understanding on the meaning of the commiƩ ees recommendaƟ ons. Through a semi-structured interview, it was developed between December 2010 and June 2011 with teachers of diff erent subjects of a State uni- versity. The technique of content analysis was applied in which two categories were idenƟ fi ed: regulaƟ on of research involving humans and Submission of Protocols for the CEP evaluaƟ on. Speeches reveal that teachers know the ResoluƟ on 196/96 in an unsaƟ sfactory manner. They posiƟ vely evaluate the performance of the CEP, although they have limitaƟ ons regarding the knowledge about the procedure of ethics assessment. For professors, the CEP assessment meant a necessary process to ensure rights of research subjects and allow subsequent publicaƟ on of data.


Abstract The paper describes the calculation of the minimum amount of fuel required to warm a simple model of a batch heating plant that has an active temperature constraint on the furnace gas. The method of calculation combines optimal control theory and a direct search with a downhill simplex to place the temperatures of the multiple nodes of the load inside a target envelope. The split boundary value problem is solved by shooting. Shooting is facilitated by omitting from the plant model the thermal storage of the gas enclosed within the plant. The purpose of the calculation is to illustrate that minimizing a linear integral of fuel flow does not lead to bang-bang control and that the constraint on the gas temperature is easily handled by treating it as a control constraint.


Eight different modifications (A1-A8) of the distorted-wave approximation for the calculation of electron ionization cross sections are introduced and results are compared with other theoretical methods and experiment. Non-exchange approximations (A1-A4) are characterized by different orthogonal properties of wave functions and by different choices of asymptotic charges for the ejected electron. Results of these approximations are compared for H, He, He(+), Li(+), and Mg(+). The best approximation (A4) is then used for more complex atomic systems such as Li, C(+3), C(+), N(+), O(+), O, Ne(+), Na(+), and K(+). A4 generally agrees better with experiment than the Born or Coulomb-Born approximation. Exchange approximations (A5-A8) are characterized by different choices of asymptotic charges in the exchange amplitude. These approximations have been tested on hydrogen and although a slight improvement over the non-exchange approximations has been obtained in the case of A5, the difference does not appear to be too significant.


The Saturn system presents exciting and unique objects for planetary aeronomy. The photochemistry of H2 and He leads to the formation of an ionosphere. Methane photolysis results in the formation of spectroscopically detectable amounts of C2H6 and C2H2 and in the case of Titan, C2H4. Density profiles of C2H6, C2H2, and PH3 should be indicative of the strength of atmospheric mixing processes.


There is a market relationship between the urban and rural areas, while the total volume of market transactions serves as the function between the number of population and the amount of their income. Thus, an interactive function relation does exist between the per capita income of the urban and rural inhabitants and the degree of urbanization. On this basis, this paper establishes a simple quantitative model to analyze the coefficient of rural inhabitans' dependence on urbanization in the past 20 years. This paper argues that , to achieve a proportion of 1∶1 between the rural and urban inhabitants in China by 2010, the per capita income of rural people must have an annual increase of 10% to 13% in the next 10 years.


The invention relates to a method for digital franking of postal items, in which a digital postage indicium is generated by a computer means and applied to a mailpiece. Registered mailing-specific data (50) for one or more to be generated mailpieces (30) in a first computer means (10) are generated at a customer and enabled access to a remote second computer means (20) at a service provider. There is a transmission of the mailing-specific data for one or several items of mail for the second computer means (20). In the second computer means (20), the mailing-specific data is processed, being generated for each item of mail data for a digital postage indicium (40). Then, processing data to a charging component (70) are received and carried out an accounting of Freimachungsleistung the customer. The mailing-specific data is transmitted with a digital franking mark (40) to be generated for each mail item to the first computer means (10) and detects the data in the first computer means (10). Thereafter, the mailing-specific data (51) are sent to a processing and performed a printout of the data in each case one item of mail and an enveloping the printed mailpieces in the processing means (60).


The invention relates to a method of applying a multilayer coating to workpieces and / or materials, comprising the steps of: depositing a support layer on the workpiece or the material by thermal spraying or plasma spraying; Applying an adhesion-promoting intermediate layer, and applying a carbon- or silicon-containing topcoat layer by plasma evaporation (Fig. 3B).