TRANSLATOR'S NOTE vii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix INTRODUCTION: Is an "Experimental" Nation Possible? 1 1: Nations of Writers 11 1. Cultural "Terrain" 11 2. New Geolinguistics 14 2: Cities of Writers 27 1. The Imaginary of the Medina in Francophone Literature from the Maghreb 27 2. Algiers/Paris, or the City as a "Site of Memory ": Merzak Allouache's Salut Cousin 38 3: Nabile Fares, or How to Become "Minoritarian" 47 4: Postcolonial Nations: Political or Poetic Allegories? (On Tahar Djaout's L'invention du desert )67 5: (Hi)stories of Expatriation: Virtual Countries 83 1. Assia Djebar's La Nouba des femmes du Mont Chenoua: Introduction to the Cinematic Fragment 83 6: Multilingualism and National "Traits" 99 1."Translating or Whiting Out Language": On Khatibi's Amour Bilingue 99 2. On Khatibi's Notion of the "Professional Traveler" 124 3. Writing Metafiction: On Khatibi's Le livre du sang 135 7: The Cartography of the Nation: Mouloud Feraoun's Le fils du pauvre Revisited 149 8: By Way of a Conclusion 159 APPENDIX: Le Depays: On Chris Marker's Lettre de Sibeie (1957)165 NOTES 171 INDEX NOMINUM 205 INDEX REUM 209


With the same density, the influences of nitrogen application and row spacing on population canopy SPAD, LAI, photosynthetic power, angle and value of leaves, PAR, DIFN,yield and yield components were analyzed. The results showed that SPAD, value of leaves, PAR increased with the increasing nitrogen application amount in the same density and row spacing,but all treamts were distinctive. Angle of leaves decreased with the increasing fertilization;the influences of different fertilization amount on DIFN had little effect, and the difference was not significant,but yield of waxy maize was significant. 12-18 d after pollination,LAI was bigger, photosynthetic power was the strongest with the row spacing 70cm and N3 application,and there was obvious differences in other growth periods.


An examination was made of the in vitro susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine, amodiaquine and quinine in the Sriracha District of Thailand, about 180 km east of Bangkok.Schizont formation was completely inhibited by the following concentrations of the three antimalarials: chloroquine, 4 nmols per ml of blood culture; amodiaquine, 0·25 nmols per ml; and quinine, 12·8 nmols (4·1 μg) per ml.


The concept of rational knowledge with a complex and dynamic network indicates a cutting-edge issue in the world of epistemology. The article first discusses the relationship between rational knowledge and a complex and dynamic network. It then examines the process of constructing such a network and, elaborates on the theoretical and practical implications of such research.


Since marketing could be relevant for any organization, even those whose primary goal is non-economic and especially those who undertake a customer-oriented approach, this master's thesis will ...


In the article we deal with the project method as a technology of the person-oriented approach to teaching of foreign languages. The aim of the article is to define the function of the project method in contemporary educational process. In the article the author describes the main levels of projects, deals with the correspondence of the method with the main concepts of the person-oriented approach.


T H E S I S SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF Bottor of $I)itosop{)i> IN COMMERCE BY MD. SAWKAT JAHANGIR 1HES1S SfcCTI^ UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF -r: S'O 9 O PROFESSOR A. FAROOQ KHAN CHAIRMAN DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH ( INDIA) 1998 CAUSES AND REMEDIES OF INDUSTRIAL SICKNESS IN BANGLADESH


A road condition rating system is a tool which quantifies, through the use of rating indices, the evaluations currently performed as 'engineering assessments'. This tool aids the engineer in handling a broad field of data at a number of stages and management levels in the preparation of a road maintenance and rehabilitation program. This paper outlines the development of such a rating system based on a study of overseas practice. A method of incorporating such a system within established Australian road management frameworks is proposed. Several different inspection techniques have been investigated in field trials undertaken by the authors in Tasmania and Victoria. A well defined inspection procedure is now available for further trials. It is recommended that a road condition rating system (rcrs) be introduced to road management systems in order to improve maintenance strategies, information feedback and the engineer's prediction of the performance - life relationship of roads subject to particular maintenance and rehabilitative treatments. It is suggested that the introduction of an rcrs will in the future enable advances in performance modelling for economic analysis, design, specification and construction techniques.


A visible light (670 nm) laser diode was used as a variable coherence length source to measure dispersion characteristics in single-mode fibers. The diode's spectral width, measured against increasing drive current, was found to change from about 16 nanometers to less than 0.2 nanometer. The corresponding change in coherence length is from about 25 micrometers to 2.5 mm.


ntroduction: Optimal treatment of ankle fractures with posterior malleolus fragment is controversial. Posterior
malleolus is signicant stabilizer preventing posterior subluxation of ankle. Posterior malleolus fracture have generally
been neglected because of these fragment is considered to be reduce spontaneously after open reduction of the lateral malleolus by
ligamentotaxis by posterior-inferior tibiobular ligament. Fixation of this fragment is important in the role of ankle mechanics. WeObjectives:
compare in this study better surgical & functional outcome for this posterior malleolus fracture xation by AP SCREW and PA SCREW
Methods: We prospectively evaluated 30 patients (15 patients for AP screw xation and 15 patients for PA screw xation who underwent for
xation by anterior posterior screw by percutaneous method and posterior lateral approach for posterior anterior screw xation. We assigned
alternating patient who received AP SCREW xation VS PA SCREW xation based on order in which they presented to our institution.We use
American Orthopedics foot and ankle society (AOFAS) score, range of motion of ankle and X-Ray nding. The mean Follow up was 15
Months(Range 12-20 Months). Full union without any loss of reduction was obtained in 27 out of 30 patients. As anteriorResult & Discussion:
posterior screw is a blind procedure, the risk of injury to anterior tibial artery & nerve, purchase of screws distal threads for fragment is
debatable. In posterior plating better visualization of fragment and anatomy will help in better xation of posterio malleoi fragment. Assessment
of treatment outcome using the AOFAS demonstrated signicant high score of 97.4 in group with posterior antero screw xation with posterior
lateral approach compare to score of 80 in group anterior posterior screw xation. In comparison to the anterior-posterior screwConclusions:
xation,open reduction and xation of the, posterolateral key fragment of the ankle using posterolateral approach via Posterior anterior screw
resulted in a more accurate fracture reduction outcome 12 months after surgery.


Small business is an important part of modern Russian economy. We give a wide panorama developed by us of possible approaches to the construction of economic-mathematical models that may be useful to describe the dynamics of small businesses, as well as management. As for the description of certain problems of small business can use a variety of types of economic-mathematical and econometric models, we found it useful to consider a fairly wide range of such models, which resulted in quite a short description of the specific models. In this description of the models brought to such a level that an experienced professional in the field of economic-mathematical modeling could, if necessary, to develop their own specific model to the stage of design formulas and numerical results. Particular attention is paid to the use of statistical methods of non-numeric data, the most pressing at the moment. Are considered the problems of economic-mathematical modeling in solving problems of small business marketing. We have accumulated some experience in application of the methodology of economic-mathematical modeling in solving practical problems in small business marketing, in particular in the field of consumer goods and industrial purposes, educational services, as well as in the analysis and modeling of inflation, taxation and others. In marketing models of decision making theory we apply rankings and ratings. Is considered the problem of comparing averages. We present some models of the life cycle of small businesses flow model projects, model of capture niches, and model of niche selection. We discuss the development of research on economic-mathematical modeling of small businesses


&NA; The identification of medical forensic biomarkers in relation to elder abuse is vital to the medical and legal determination of whether elder abuse or neglect has occurred. This paper presents several potential forensic biomarkers of elder abuse and discusses the key role of the nurse clinician.


Steamed hemispherically shaped bread rolls were lightly reheated by microwave, and the distribu tion of hardness and water content was examined. Since the refracted angle of incident microwaves from air to the bread is small due to its fairly large dielectric constant at 2,450 MHz, the microwave en ergy tend to be concentrated at the center of the hemispherically shaped roll. On the basis of this phe nomenon, several pieces were cut from different positions in the roll that had been reheated by microwave. The hardness and water content of each piece were measured and compared with those of similar pieces whose water content had been adjusted by air-drying. A similar correlation between the hardness and water content was found for the microwave-reheated and air-dried pieces. It is con cluded that the hardening of bread reheated by microwave was mainly due to a reduction in the water content by microwave heating. ( Received February 6, 2003 ; Accepted in revised' form September 11, 2003 )


The PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [1] because it was identified as one of a series of submissions for which we have concerns about authorship, competing interests, and peer review. We regret that the issues were not addressed prior to the article's publication. GB, SS, and SMP did not agree with the retraction. MB responded but expressed neither agreement nor disagreement with the editorial decision. MJA, SU, SA, and SAA either did not respond directly or could not be reached.


Events with a large rapidity gap and total transverse energy greater than 5 GeV have been observed in quasi-real photoproduction at HERA with the ZEUS detector. The distribution of these events as a function of the γp centre of mass energy is consistent with diffractive scattering. For total transverse energies above 12 GeV, the hadronic final states show predominantly a two-jet structure with each jet having a transverse energy greater than 4 GeV. For the two-jet events, little energy flow is found outside the jets. This observation is consistent with the hard scattering of a quasi-real photon with a colourless object in the proton. DESY 94-210


The paper discusses possible solutions to the problem of data exchange between modules of a decentralized system (analog/digital sensors, actuators) via wireless communication channels. The following types of technologies were chosen to solve the problem: Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, LoRaWAN, ZigBee. The paper presents the results of a comparative study of the considered solutions to the problem, presents their main advantages and disadvantages.


Abstract Twenty-five crude oil samples taken along strike, up and down dip, and stratigraphically high and low, along the 75-mile Abo reef trend in southeast New Mexico, were analysed chemically and isotopically. The objective was that these analyses would show significant relationships to geologic data and that conclusions might be made regarding source, migration, and accumulation of the oil. The Abo reef trend is a narrow belt of dolomitized reef and bank carbonate approximately 75 miles long and one to three miles wide. These middle Permian rocks form the reservoirs for significant Abo fields such as Empire, Vacuum, Lovington, and Corbin. Dolomite of the Abo overlies Wolfcamp limestone. This interface is commonly used to separate rocks of Wolfcampian age from Leonardian age rocks; however, present evidence indicates that at least part of the subsurface Abo is Wolfcampian in age. The relationship of shelf, shelf-edge, foreshelf and basin exists in a north to south direction along the east-west trend. Generally, it can be stated that Abo hydrocarbons originated in the basin, migrated shelfward to the fore-shelf and shelf-edge and were restricted in further updip migration by anhydrite cement, caused by seepage refluxion occurring on the shelf, and extending with decreasing effect toward the basin. The analyses showed that the crude oil taken from Permian Wolfcamp, Abo and Yeso reservoirs could have been derived from three major source groups: Abo-Wolfcamp basin rocks, Yeso basin rocks, and pre-Pennsylvanian rocks. It has been demonstrated that crude oil analyses along with carbon isotope analyses are useful tools that can be used to determine the age of the source rocks of the Abo oil and enable the geologist to make significant conclusions regarding origin, migration, and accumulation.


Ownership structure is an imperative factor in determining firm objectives, increasing the shareholders' wealth and disciplining the executives. Our study looks into the effectiveness of yearly executive stock option (ESO) granting as a corporate governance mechanism designed to reduce agency problems, thereby increasing firm value. Using fixed effect panel data analysis, we found a significant positive relationship between ESO granting and firm value in the presence of concentrated ownership in Malaysia. This relationship is significant for the years next to the years of ESO granting occurrences while considering both market and accounting-based performance measurements. Additionally, based on firm-size, we also found a significant difference of ESO granting of Malaysian non-financial firms.


Since a few decades the dengue virus became a major public health concern and no treatment is available yet. In order to propose potential antide ngue compounds for chemotherapy we focused on DENV R A polymerase (DENV-NS5 RdRp) which is specific and es sential for the virus replication. Carpolepis laurifolia belongs to the Myrtaceae and is used as febrifuge i n traditional kanak medicine. Leaf extract of this plant has been identified as a hit against the DENV-NS5 RdRp. Here we present a bioguided fractionation of the l eaf extract of C. laurifolia which is also the first phytochemical evaluation of this plant. Five flavonoids, namely quercetin ( 1), 6-methylapigenin-7-methylether ( 2), avicularin (3), quercitrin (4) and hyperoside ( 5), together with betulinic acid ( 6), were isolated from the leaf extract of C. laurifolia. All isolated compounds were tested individually against the DENV-NS5 RdRp and compared with four other commercial flavonoids: isoquercitr in (7), spiraeoside ( 8), quercetin-3,4'-di-O-glucoside ( 9) and rutin ( 10). Compounds 3, 4, 6, 8 and 10 displayed IC50 ranging from 1.7 to 2.1 μM, and were the most activ e against the DENV-NS5 RdRp .


Retaining Anthony Storr's wisdom, vision and classic approach, while bringing the text totally up-to-date, this is a cornerstone volume for beginner and experienced psychotherapist alike t will also appeal to psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, nurses, social workers, counsellors and other mental health professionals. . Professor Jeremy Holmes, a friend and colleague of Anthony Storr's and himself a leading psychotherapist, has updated this accessible and humane account of the practice of psychotherapy to include:


A new formula of power factor is defined in this paper. The non-symmetrical and non-sinusoidal situations may be characterized by analyzing the value of power factor, defined by this formula. This definition is linked by the fact that an unbalanced and non-linear electrical consumer consumes a part of available active power.


Characteristics of a TLD thermoluminescent kit with LiF detectors of TLD and DTG-4 types (diameters 3.5 and 5 mm) and TLD-400 were compared with those of a kit of IFKU-1 individual photographic film badges. Individual thermoluminescent dosimeters record a total dose of occupational and background irradiation, and film badges--a dose of occupational irradiation only. It should be taken into account in radiation-hygienic interpretation of individual dosimetric control readings.


S OF TALKS OF 14th WORKSHOP: NON-COMMUTATIVE HARMONIC ANALYSIS, 25.091.10.2011, Będlewo, Poland 1. Helene Airault (Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Insset & LAMFA) Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operators on a Kähler manifold and infinitesimal representation of a Lie group representations, some examples Abstract: We discuss the notion of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operator on a complex manifold endowed with a Kählerian metric. We consider the infinitesimal representation of a Lie group in a space of holomorphic functions defined on a complex domain D as in [1] for finite dimensional groups or as in [2] for the group of diffeomorphisms of the circle. We relate the infinitesimal representation to a Ornstein-Uhlenbeck on D. We discuss the notion of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operator on a complex manifold endowed with a Kählerian metric. We consider the infinitesimal representation of a Lie group in a space of holomorphic functions defined on a complex domain D as in [1] for finite dimensional groups or as in [2] for the group of diffeomorphisms of the circle. We relate the infinitesimal representation to a Ornstein-Uhlenbeck on D.


The Dutch parliament is under mounting pressure to debate legalising assisted suicide for older people who are not dying but feel their life is over. A campaign by a group of prominent senior figures in Dutch society has raised 85 000 signatures in ten days—exceeding the 40 000 needed to trigger a parliamentary debate under a "citizens' initiative" law.

The group, called Of One's Own Free Will (Uit Vrije Wil), seeks to "legalise help with dying for older people who regard their life as complete, at their explicit request and under conditions of carefulness and verifiability." The group includes former health minister Hedy d'Ancona, …


This paper introduced the current status of in situ and ex situ conservation and utilization of wild rice germplasm resources in Guangxi.Based on the current situation,some opinions were put forward about studies on wild rice resources in Guangxi.(1) Strengthening the construction of long-term security conservation system,perfecting in situ and ex situ conservation system.(2)Deeply studying on comprehensive identification and evaluation and to know the potential utilization value of wild rice.(3)Strengthening germplasm innovation and studies on independent intellectual property to process more excellent gene.(4)Perfecting a sharing system and strengthening studies on breeding,changing advantage of resources to advantage of economy.(5)Strengthening scientific and technological cooperation and academic exchange in wild rice studies.


balance of nature that it becomes highly destructive. This article considers the erosion problem from a broad standpoint. The authors tell just how water and wind erode unprotected soil and describe the extent and distribution oj the damage it has done in this country, including the results in loss of topsoil and soil nutrients. They deal briefly with the economic aspects of erosion and summarize the principal steps that may be taken to control it, ending with their conception of the requirements of a national soil conservation program.


The World Health Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations with primary responsibility for international health matters and public health. Through this Organization, which was created in 1948, the health professions of over 190 countries exchange their knowledge and experience with the aim of making possible the attainment by all citizens of the world of a level of health that will permit them to lead a socially and economically productive life. The WHO Regional Office for Europe is one of six regional offices throughout the world, each with its own programme geared to the particular health problems of the countries it serves. The European Region embraces some 860 million people living in an area stretching from Greenland in the north and the Mediterranean in the south to the Pacific shores of the Russian Federation. The European programme of WHO therefore concentrates both on the problems associated with industrial and post-industrial society and on those faced by the emerging democracies of central and eastern Europe and the former USSR. In its strategy for attaining the goal of health for all the Regional Office is arranging its activities in three main areas: lifestyles conducive to health, a healthy environment, and appropriate services for prevention , treatment and care. The European Region is characterized by the large number of languages spoken by its peoples, and the resulting difficulties in disseminating information to all who may need it. Applications for rights of translation of Regional Office books are therefore most welcome. The Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full. Applications and enquiries should be addressed to the Office of Publications, WHO Regional Office for Europe, Scherfigsvej 8, DK-2100 Copenhagen 0, Denmark, which will be glad to provide the latest information on any changes made to the text, plans for new editions , and reprints and translations already available. Publications of the World Health Organization enjoy copyright protection in accordance with the provisions of Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. All rights reserved. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities , or concerning the delimitation …


Relating the historical Jesus to images of Jesus in Christian tradition and to the experiences of a contemporary audience has proven a burdensome task in the modern period. In the present day, various disjunctions and entanglements with religious and non-religious features of social life intensify the crisis of identity experienced by many Christians. Juan Luis Segundo and Burton Mack stand out as two interpreters of the historical Jesus who have approached the problem in different ways, not so much to restore the tradition for their audience as to subject it to radical historical criticism. As this study demonstrates, hermeneutics does not solve the larger problem of contemporary Christian identity but it does enable exchange between very different accounts of the problem, in turn clarifying what is at stake in the interpretive task: an interpreter's present conduct in the world.


Targeting the ultrasound beam and predicting the thermal coagulation in advance are important for high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment. Cavitation bubbles are known to enhance ultrasonic heating, however, temporal and spatial control of their generation is not simple. In our previous study, a method utilizing acoustic radiation force to predict thermal coagulation was suggested. In this study, it was investigated whether the proposed method works effectively even for the cavitation-enhanced ultrasonic heating and can be used to ensure both safety and efficiency of the treatment.


Geography will be a compulsory school subject in Australian schools in the near future. The national curriculum in Geography is scheduled for release in September 2011. Many teachers in Australia will soon be teaching Geography as a subject for the first time. Supporting teachers to develop expertise in teaching Geography will require professional learning opportunities associated with specific discipline knowledge and pedagogical practices such as Geographical inquiry and fieldwork. This paper identifies ways of sharing expertise in Geography teaching that include use of the Australian 'GEOGstandards' resources to inform professional learning, Geography professional association activities, and professional substantive conversations about experiences in teaching of Geography.


The paper presents basic rules for preparation of reports from two points of view - scientific and jour-nalistic. The rules are given in general form, as a guideline, and are not mandatory for preparation of the report. Some basic questions that pop up while writing the report are: (1) What is the purpose of writing the report? (2) To whom it is intended for? (3) What kind of information should reader get of it? (4) What is the level of comprehensibility for the reader? The answers to these questions are related to the information to be presented, as well as the level of detail to be used. The paper gives an overview of several different types of reports, providing a guide to formal and informal reporting. Although at first glance it can be concluded that formal scientific and technical report differs widely from journalistic one, it has been shown that all these reports more or less have a uniform structure, but the language of writing the report is different. Above all, difference is due to reader's diversity. The paper presents the organization of the report structure, as well as an overview of all the necessary steps that are being undertaken in the preparation and writing. The paper presents guidelines for writing, as well as examples of some of the most common mistakes that can affect the quality of the report.


With reference to foreign experience on fighter engine design and development,the critical failures of F-15 and F-16 fighter powered by F100/F110 engine during operation were described based on a great deal of data statistics and analysis.The distribution and respective rules of the failures during operation phases,various components and influential factors were analyzed and concluded.The analysis shows that the failure rate of the engine is high within initial 10 years or 35000 flight hours,then significantly decreases;various engine failures can be exposed during operation,but the failure rate considering the structure integrity is obviously lower than that without considering the structure integrity;the compressor and turbine are main sources of failures;the design,maintenance,support and operation are main influential factors.


One of the most challenging aspects in the care of patients with dementing illnesses is management of the neuropsychiatric symptoms, which may include aggression. Aggressive behaviors in elderly patients with dementia may include verbal abuse to caregivers or other patients, inappropriate sexual behaviors, or acts of physical violence (Guay, 2008; Shelton & Brooks, 1999). These behaviors often lead to resistance in activities of daily living for the patient and are distressing to patients, family members, and caregivers alike. Medications currently used to treat neuropsychiatric symptoms, including aggression, include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and antipsychotic agents (Kverno, Rabins, Blass, Hicks, & Black, 2008). However, atypical antipsychotic agents have been associated with an increased risk of cerebrovascular events in patients with dementia, and now include a black box warning regarding this risk (Schneider, Dagerman, & Insel, 2005; Schneider et al., 2006). Other agents used in the management of aggressive symptoms in patients with dementia include benzodiazepines, lipophilic beta blockers, and mood stabilizing agents. (Kverno et al., 2008; Shelton & Brooks, 1999) Treatment responses are variable, and tolerability issues can lead to discontinuation of treatment. Estrogen therapy has been studied as a potential option for the treatment-refractory patient. The mechanism of action of


The invention provides a temperature compensation system of a pressure sensor and a temperature compensation method thereof. The temperature compensation system of the pressure sensor comprises a multipath sensor testing pressure seat, a high-low temperature chamber, a pressure controller, a multichannel bridge test module, a programmable power source, a multimeter, and an industrial personal computer. Through the temperature compensation system of the pressure sensor and the temperature compensation method of the pressure sensor, the temperature compensation of the batch pressure sensor can be realized; the testing is carried out at different temperature aiming at each sensor respectively and the resistance value of a resistor in the bridge is calculated; the compensation resistance network that each sensor demands is calculated through the industrial personal computer according to the compensated mathematical model; the resistor is selected to weld on the bridge according to the calculated data to form a compensation resistance network; and the precise temperature compensation of each sensor is finished.


The main purpose of this paper is to show that under the thermal effect of solar irradiance, the temperature of decorative tube-shaped light-emitting diode (LED) lamps can rise to values that can permanently destroy the lamps or cause a fire, regardless of whether the lamps are operating or not. The light diffuser of the considered LED lamp is made of two polycarbonate cylinders nested in each other. The considered problem is modeled analytically in MATLAB and numerically in COMSOL, and the data obtained analytically are used as inputs for the numerical model. The analytical model is based on empirical correlations for heat transfer, while the numerical model is based on the finite element method (FEM). Images taken by a thermal imaging camera are used as an experimental background. It is found that the outer hollow cylinder of the light diffuser behaves like a cylindrical solar concentrator, which in steady-state can raise the temperature of the inner solid cylinder of the light diffuser up to 218.2 °C.


This paper discusses the relationship between the mythical and technological imaginary in Mario de Andrade's Macunaima. Overcoming binary distinctions between organic and inorganic, we will see how myth and technology are intertwined. For instance, imported commodities attract Macunaima, whereas the capitalist giant, Piaima is indeed an ogre, a fact that refers to a mythical imaginary.


The study was motivated by lower cane yields observed often on non-irrigated industrial plantations as well as village plantations in Ivory Coast. Its objective was to determine high performing drought tolerant cane varieties. Each of the tree field trials carried out on Ferké 1 as well as Ferké 2 commercial plantations in northern Ivory Coast was set up following a randomized complete block design involving 10 varieties in 6 replications. All experiments were conducted over three consecutive harvest cycles, i.e. a plant crop followed by two ratoons, cane yield and crop tolerance to endemic diseases being the main screening criteria. The performance of varieties M1176/77, M1246/84, M2593/92, M1565/87 and N21 were significantly higher compared to that of control varieties R579 and SP70/1143. Varieties RB80/6043 and SP81/3250 were equivalent to the best control variety, namely R579. Among all seven drought tolerant varieties selected as drought tolerant, the high-yielding ones to undergo pre-commercial tests were M1176/77 and N21 with on average 82 and 85t of cane/ha, respectively, over three consecutive cropping cycles starting from plant cane.


Objectives:To investigate the protective effect of extract of Ginkgo biloba(EGb761) on Ca 2+ ATPase activity of denervated muscle following sciatic nerve injury in rat in order to prove the protective effect of EGb761 on denervated muscle. Methods:Sciatic nerve severance and both ends ligation at the left leg was made in 32 Sprague Dawley rats. They were divided into two groups and received 100 mg/(kg·d) of EGb761 injection or the same volume of saline respectively. Triceps muscles of left hind leg were harvested at the 4th and the 6th week. Ca 2+ ATPase activity of the muscles was measured. Results:Compared with control group, Ca 2+ ATPase bioactivity of experimental group was higher. The difference was statistically significant. Conclusions:Extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb761) can improve the activity of Ca 2+ ATPase of denervated muscle. EGb761 might have certain protective effect on denervated muscle.


Kinetotherapy for students with special educational needs has a strong educational and therapeutic character due to the means and methods used to recover their associated conditions. In order to conduct this study, a questionnaire was applied between February and March 2021 to teachers carrying out kinetotherapy activities with students with special educational needs enrolled in special schools from all regions of Romania. The main purpose of the study is to analyse the process of implementing educational-therapeutic activities in the field of kinetotherapy in Romanian special education. The questionnaire is structured in two parts and extracts both demographic and socio-professional data about respondents as well as data on the main components of didactic activities, analysing educational documents, methods and teaching aids used in educational-therapeutic activities and the evaluation process, aspects regarding the relationship with parents and the collaboration with members of the multidisciplinary team. The validation of the questionnaire items is given by the value 0.920 of Cronbach's Alpha coefficient, which shows the excellent internal consistency of these items. The studied sample consists of 51 respondents whose gender distribution is 41.2% (21 participants) for males and 58.8% (30 participants) for females. In conclusion, the study has revealed that it is necessary to optimise educational documents to facilitate the individualisation of the kinetotherapy programme by adapting educational-therapeutic activities according to the particularities of the physical and psychomotor development of students with special educational needs.


A study on intratypic differentiation of 52 poliovirus strains isolated in Thailand during 1992 and 1993 was carried out, using ELISA and nucleic acid probe hybridization. The hybridization obvious results in all the strains, whereas ELISA gave indeterminate results in 11 strains (15.4%). Form hybridization assay showed that eleven strains of poliovirus type 1 isolated from acute flaccid paralytic (AFP) patients in1992 were wild or non-Sabin-like (NSL) strains. From 14 strains of polioviruses isolated from AFP cases in 7993, it was found that 9 were wild strains (P1-6; P3-3) and 5 were Sabin-like (SL) strains (P1-2, P2-1, P3-2). One (P3) of the 5 SL strains was excluded, as a final diagnosis of one of the patients showed she had brain tumour. The 2 SL strains of this isolates (P2 and P3) gave double reactive results with ELISA. From polioviruses isolated from contacts in which stools were correctly collected (before mop-up immunization) all 6 strains were wild poliovirus type 1; this result was used to confirm the diagnosis of 2 AFP cases for poliomyelitis by epidemiological linkage (one of the patients had a negative isolation result while the stool of the other had not been submitted for testing). From 21 strains of polioviruses isolated from contacts after mop-up immunization, it was found that 16 were SL (P1-9; P2-4; P3-3) and 5 were NSL strains (P1-2; P2-1; p3-2). This shows that there is still a transmission of 3 types of wild polioviruses circulating in the community. Of 24 poliomyelitis patients, 13 were Thai and 11 were foreigners. Of the 13 Thai patients, 5 were <1-4 and 8 were 5-14 years old. Eight among 13 had received 3 or more doses of oral polio vaccine (OPV). Of the foreign patients, who were all younger than 4 years, 8 had never been vaccinated while the remaining 3 had received less than 3 doses of OPV. It can be concluded that poliomyelitis still occurred sporadically in the country. The people in the bordering provinces, immigration camps and foreign children entering the country are high-risk groups of the circulating transmission of wild polioviruses. Key words: Intratypic differentiation, Poliovirus, Thailand


The purpose of this seven-year longitudinal study was to examine the trajectories of adolescents' career goal-related success expectations during two educational transitions. Altogether 850 (48% female, M Age = 16) participants reported their success expectations for their career-related goals, first in the last year of comprehensive school and four times during the following seven years. Overall, the success expectations showed a significant increase. However, there was considerable heterogeneity in the development of these expectations. Growth Mixture Modeling showed that four trajectories fitted the data best: high-increasing (78%), low-increasing (9%), decreasing (6%) and U-shaped (7%). The participants in the high-increasing trajectory were likely to be men, have origins in high SES, appraise career goal as highly important and have high levels of career goal-related parental support. Those in the decreasing trajectory were the least adapted in terms of their career situation at age 23.


A method of forming a three-dimensional fiber web is disclosed. This method includes coextruding a first and second components. The first component has a recovery ratio R The first and second components is directed through the spin pack to form a plurality of continuous melt fibers. Then, the molten fibers are directed to the cooling chamber, continuous fibers having a plurality of cooling is formed. Cooled fibers are directed to draw unit, continuous line-shaped fiber of the plurality of solid was formed. Each of the solid fibers are at least 50 percent stretch before being relaxed. Relaxation step, the linear fibers, each of which a plurality of continuous three-dimensional fiber having a coil shape over at least a portion of its length. Then, the continuous three-dimensional coiled fibers are deposited on a movable support to form a web.


Experimental evaluation of the active fault tolerant control scheme developed with state space models (innovations form) identified purely from input-output data is carried out in the present work. A key problem in fault diagnosis with identified models is the isolation of abrupt changes in unmeasured disturbances. A novel approach was developed to model and isolate such changes (classified as unknown input fault) with identified models. Simulation results for a heavy oil fractionator process (Shell Control Workshop challenge problem) was demonstrated. The efficacy of the developed FDI method and the fault tolerant control strategy were demonstrated. The present work experimentally evaluates the developed scheme on a laboratory scale two tank temperature control system for a variety of faults.


Suburban green space not only has great ecological value,but also bring considerable economic benefits.With scientific and reasonable greening technique,the suburban green space which has diversified function and stable structure was established,so as to provide ecological barrier for the city built-up area,and improve residents' life quality.


Bac kground and rati onale
The Crisis Pregnancy Agency provided funding to Pavee Point Travellers Centre to develop culturally
appropriate training modules and materials on sexuality and relationship education for Traveller young
people and parents. These modules include general sexual health and relationship information within
the context of the Traveller culture. It is anticipated that these modules will be piloted through a
Training of Trainers programme regionally and will have the potential to be rolled out nationally
subject to available resources in years two and three. A key component of the project was to conduct
research on Travellers' attitudes to sexual relationship and sexual education.
The rationale for the project arose from the work of Pavee Point. Pavee Point is a voluntary, or nongovernmental,
organisation committed to the attainment of human rights for Irish Travellers. The group is
comprised of Travellers and members of the majority population working together in partnership to address
the needs of Travellers as a minority group experiencing exclusion and marginalisation.
The aim of Pavee Point is to contribute to improvement in the quality of life and living circumstances of Irish
Travellers, through working for social justice, solidarity, socio-economic development and human rights. The
work of Pavee Point is based on two key premises:
■■ Real improvement in Travellers' living circumstances and social situation requires the active involvement
of Travellers themselves.
■■ Non-Travellers have a responsibility to address the various processes which serve to exclude Travellers
from participating as equals in society.Pavee Point's approach includes a youth work dimension and through our work with Traveller families across
Ireland and with young Travellers in particular, it became clear that many Travellers often did not receive sex
education in school, partly due to early school leaving patterns, and that many Travellers do not receive sex
education in the home. Furthermore the existing provision of RSE in mainstream education and youth services
needs to be more inclusive of Traveller ethnicity and culture in order to meet the needs of young Travellers. It
was decided that a project aimed at improving awareness and fostering discussion was needed by targeting
young Travellers and their parents in an out-of-school setting. To facilitate this, the project aims to develop the
capacity of the Traveller community to deliver peer to peer training, to support the development of more
inclusive practise in RSE education and to develop culturally appropriate workshop materials that can be
re-produced to use with the Traveller community, or other minority groups.


Voltage-controlled optical bistability in In0.53Ga0.47As/InP multiquantum well (MQW) laser diodes is demonstrated for the first time by using the quantum confined Stark effect (QCSE) and saturable absorption of a two-dimensional exciton. Optical bistability is obtained in a wide range of control voltages from +0.7 V to -0.6 V. Switching operation is achieved by injecting a set light pulse and applying reverse bias reset voltage to the saturable absorption region. Turn-on time is 300 ps with input light of 6 mW, and turn-off time of 260 ps is obtained by reducing the stray capacitance in the saturable absorption region.


A point dipole source models the electrical excitation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), and is promising as a compact source for the beaming of plasmons in optical nanocircuits. However, conventional design approaches rely on iterative numerical simulations to achieve beaming from dipole sources, and they consume significant computing resources. Here, we introduce a universal semianalytical approach to solve the reflection of dipole-excited SPPs from the edge of a metal film by developing the image dipole method for SPPs. This approach achieves the directional propagation of SPPs through a multielement dipole array formed by a single dipole source and its reflections. Doing so mitigates the challenges in integrating and achieving coherent excitation among independently driven electrical sources. In addition, we provide design parameters for tuning the amplitude and phase of the image dipoles to engineer the directivity of SPP propagation. The configurations discussed can be readily implemented in the...


A senior colleague who had applied for an unpaid non-executive director post received his "no thank you" letter today. It was short, electronically signed by the director "in his absence," omitted the usual flowery bits praising the candidate, and came as an email attachment called "rejection." Not the best example of cutting edge management practice. However, if you want to see some even worse rejection letters take a look at www.lettersofrejection.com, which lists more than 200 examples from the United States.

I like the signage from some surgeries in India, which pronounce that the doctors are MRCP (failed), as at least it shows that they tried. However, my long term favourite story comes from Ireland, where in the chaotic, jobless mid-1980s one friend applied for everything going and then wallpapered his bathroom with the rejection letters, so that his friends could sit in comfort while they contemplated his lack of success. And yes, he eventually did get a job.

The organisational landscape of rejection is changing rapidly. With electronic matching of applications for junior jobs in the United Kingdom, computer generated responses are the norm. As the volume of applications by each person goes up, so does the traffic in the anonymous replies that turn applicants down. More and more of us apply for jobs abroad or in international organisations, so additionally we must navigate new languages and management cultures.

Applicants want the job, but if they do not get it they appreciate feedback. It is difficult to get right; replies should be prompt, written by a senior person, courteous, thank the applicant, and encourage a longer term relation with the organisation. Why alienate someone who took time and trouble to apply and who later may be a client or a colleague? And yet that is what a badly worded rejection letter can do.

We all get more rejections than successes, in jobs and in life; this does not mean that we have failed. Rejection can suggest that we change track or can inspire us to try again. "What will they send me next?" said Edmund Hillary's gym instructor of the puny schoolboy now known as the man who conquered Mount Everest. "Balding, skinny, can dance a little," they said of Fred Astaire at his first audition. Beethoven's music teacher declared him "hopeless" at composing. Albert Einstein's parents feared that he was subnormal.

Rejection letters should not make us feel like rejects. I encourage readers to send their examples of good, bad, plain funny, and even inspirational rejection letters and stories as rapid responses.


The embeddable MnO{sub 2}-electrode for use in concrete has been tested and used in the field since 1986. The present paper supplements earlier publications and presents new data on short and long term stability, temperature response, polarization behavior and performance in concrete with cathodically protected steel subjected to climatic cycling. Results compare favorably with published data for other embeddable electrodes.


ABSTRACT Howard Barker's recent AHRC fellowship project had the explicit aim of developing the twin concepts of theatrical 'plethora' and 'bare sufficiency'. Neither of these is a completely new term in contemporary dramaturgy—and indeed Barker himself has, for some years, been exploring both the plethoric and the 'barely sufficient' in his own writing and production practice. What, then, is the contribution of BLOK/EKO and Charles V—the plays that emerged from the fellowship project? This article sets out to explore what is involved in the specifically 'Barkerian' inflection of theatrical plethora and bare sufficiency in these two plays. In the light of George Steiner's typology of 'difficulty' in artistic communication, it discusses and analyses language, scenes and images from the plays, and also draws on the writer's experience of being involved in the workshops, symposia and discussions that emerged from the fellowship project, as well as the stagings of BLOK/EKO and Charles V at the Exeter Northcott Theatre, in order to highlight new developments in Barker's dramaturgy.


In this paper, quasi-continuous-wave (quasi-CW) operation of quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) is studied. A group of strain-balanced InGaAs/InAlAs QCLs emitting around λ~4.8μm were used in the experiment. QCLs were tested at different driving conditions (i.e. pulsed mode, CW mode and quasi-CW mode) at various temperatures. Experimental measurements show that thermal effect plays an important role in deteriorating QCL performance. This is especially true at high temperatures. At low temperature (~100K), L-I curves with different pulse widths exhibit no significant difference. While at a higher temperature (~200K), we observed that the longer the pulse width, the lower the roll-over power and the worse the laser performance. At 100K, the roll-over power increases as duty cycle increases until it reaches CW operation, indicating that the thermal generation difference for quasi-CW mode and CW mode is negligible. At 200K, however, a maximum roll-over power is about 50mW at duty cycle of 65% corresponding to a CW roll-over power of 40mW. It reveals that at high temperature, quasi-CW operation generates less heat and more average output power. Therefore, quasi-CW operation is obviously a favorable way to achieve high performance operations at high temperature.


Plant response to photoselective plastic films with varying spectral transmission properties was tested using lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) 'Florida Pink', 'Florida Blue', and 'Florida Sky Blue'. Films were designated YXE-10 (far-red light-absorbing film) and SXE-4 (red light absorbing film). Light transmitted through YXE-10 films reduced plant height compared to control plants by 10% ('Florida Blue'), and stem dry weight by 19% to 40%, but the response varied by cultivar. Internode length was reduced by 10% to 19% when 'Florida Pink' and 'Florida Sky Blue' plants were grown under YXE-10 films. Leaf and root dry weights were not affected by YXE-10 films, with the exception that 'Florida Sky Blue' plants had a lower leaf dry weight than the control plants. Light transmitted through SXE-4 films increased plant height of 'Florida Pink' plants by 15% but not of 'Florida Blue' or 'Florida Sky Blue.' Regardless of cultivar, dry weight of leaf, stem and root tissue was not affected by SXE-4 films as compared to control films. The average number of days to flower and bud number were not affected by YXE-10 or SXE4 films, regardless of cultivar. The results suggest that selective reduction of far-red wavelengths from sunlight may be an alternative technique for greenhouse production of compact plants, but the magnitude of the response is cultivar specific.


South Sudan's long civil war and strife has exposed vulnerable groups to socioeconomic challenges that endanger their survival. As a result, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) have been pushed to align their services toward sustainable activities to promote long-term well-being and resilience of the impacted groups. This study sought to examine the effectiveness of NGOs in promoting economic empowerment of vulnerable groups using the case of World Vision in Juba, South Sudan. More specifically, this study aimed to assess the impact of microcredit, training, self-help groups, and cash transfers on economic empowerment of vulnerable groups. This study was anchored on Human Capital Theory, Empowerment Theory and Capabilities Based Approach. Case study design was adopted and sample of 50 beneficiaries drawn from World Vision's economic empowerment program in Juba, South Sudan was used. Data was collected through interviews and analyzed through thematic analysis. The study found that microcredit services helped vulnerable groups to start income generating activities, training helped vulnerable groups to acquire knowledge and skills and sustain income generating activities, self-help groups supported vulnerable groups in terms of savings and group investments while cash transfer helped vulnerable groups to access basic needs such as food, shelter, education and medical expenses. The study concluded that World Vision-supported economic empowerment interventions were effective in promoting economic wellbeing of vulnerable groups. The researcher proposed that there is urgent need for economic empowerment interventions by the South Sudanese government, NGOs, CBOs, private sectors, and religious institutions to promote resilience of vulnerable groups such as the elderly and disabled.


(Bi0.5Na0.5) TiO3 was prepared by auto-combustion method, taking urea as a fuel with varying concentrations in different calcined temperature. XRD and SEM analysis was carried out to confirm the single phase and growth of the particles. At 25 wt. % of urea, pure phase of BNT
was confirmed at 7000C butat 50wt. %, well intensified peak appeared with a little un-identified peak. Calcine temperature was reduced marginally in this fuel additive method.Powder prepared at 700oC was chosen for further study.Dielectric measurement of sintered pellet at 11000Cof
durations 2hr,3hr,4hr were taken and analyzed as well as hysteresis measurement was carried out.Improved dielectric and ferroelectric property was seen of the pellet sintered at 3hr duration due to well grain growth.


Zakat is one of important tools in eradicating poverty in Indonesia. Zakat will be collected from fortunate people and delivered to unfortunate people. This is obligation for Muslim people to contribute a certain amount of their wealth for unfortunate people as written in the Holy Al-Qurán. The concept of zakat is concentrate on social and economic justice in Muslim countries with the purpose to reduce the gap between rich and poor. As far as we know that poverty is still big matters in Indonesia. Thus, the role of zakat is very crucial in helping the Indonesia government in reducing poverty level in Indonesia. Furthermore, half of the Indonesian population remained within the national poverty line which is capped at Rp 292,951/month or USD 24.4 (World Bank, 2015). This situation is quite consistent with the Gini coefficient for Indonesia that was reported to have increased from 0.36 in 2005 to 0.42 in 2015, implying that the gap between the rich and the poor families had broadened. This study aims to measure the effectiveness of zakat institution in Indonesia by applying new technique measurement called Zein (Zakat Effectiveness Index). This study is expected to provide solution for policy maker, especially for zakat Institution and Government in Indonesia.


Abstract CatchTheWeb-Personal is a versatile Web research management tool, which can enable the librarian to capture content from the Web and package it into a presentation. Working in conjunction with Microsoft Internet Explorer, CatchTheWeb makes it easy to create a presentation based on pages currently existing on the Web. The presentation can then be saved onto a disk and viewed with any Web browser. Presentations can also be placed on the Web as tutorials.


In diabetes mellitus, persistence of hyperglycemia was reported to cause increased production of oxidative parameters, and decreased antioxidant status. Therefore, the present study considered to evaluate the effect of glycemic control on oxidant-antioxidant status in type 2 diabetic patients. The study examined 145 type 2 diabetic patients, who attend to the National Diabetic Center (Al-Mustansiyriah University). Patients were divided in two groups, as wellglycemic controlled (group1[75 patients]) (HbA1c< 7%, and FSG < 110 mg/dl) and poorly controlled (group2 [70 patients]) (had HbA1c≥ 7%, and FSG ≥ 110). All patients were reported in the morning after overnight fast, and underwent physical examination and laboratory tests.Height and weight were noted for Body Mass Index (BMI), it was calculated as weight (Km)/height2 (m2).Laboratory evaluations consisted of measuring fasting serum glucose (FSG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), malondialdehyde (MDA), erythrocyte-Glutation (GSH), ascorbic acid (AA), uric acid (UA), and cerulopalsmine (CP). The results indicate that fasting serum FSG, HbA1c, (MDA), (TC), and (TG), were increased significantly (P<0.01 for FSG, HbA1c, MDA; and P<0.05 for TC, and TC) in poorly controlled subjects comparing to well controlled. Instead of that there is significant increase in (CP) (P<0.05) in poorly controlled patients. On the other hand there is significant decreased in (GSH, (AA), (UA) (P<0.01 for GSH, AA; and P<0.05 for UA) in poorly controlled compared to well controlled diabetic patients. Correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation in serum HbA1c-MDA, GSH-AA (P<0.01; and P<0.05 respectively) in both group, while there is only positive correlation in HbA1c-FSG (P<0.01) in well controlled patients, and positive correlation in HbA1c-TC in poorly controlled patients. On the other hand, there is a significant negative correlation in MDA-GSH, MDA-AA, and MDA-UA in both studying group. The present study concludes the increased risk of oxidative stress manifested by increased plasma MDA, and decreased antioxidant levels in poor glycemic control. The study therefore suggests, the estimation of antioxidants levels with other routine investigations may be useful in reduce of the oxidative stress in diabetics.


Despite the fact that conflict is an undeniable part in marriage life, yet it could be a serious threat for it. In addition, it may bring negative impact for an individual life, both personal and social life, particularly for the children involved in the marital conflict. This study aimed to determine the factors which influence marital conflict resolution. This study involved 107 married women as the respondents with specific age of 10-40 years old. The source of data was the questionnaire in the form of open-ended questions. It was classified based on the similarity of answer. The result showed that there were two primary factor groups which were evidenced to influence marital conflict resolution, namely internal and external factors. Internal factors consisted of emotion regulation, attachment, and trait. Meanwhile the external factors were the children and family factors.


This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction The Chain Rule for Ordered Derivatives Backpropagation for Supervised Learning Discussion and Future Research This chapter contains sections titled: References


This paper shows the way to turn a defect inherent to single-mode fiber, namely birefringence, into a prime quality for a powerful and reliable sensor. The latter is entirely devoted to weigh- in-motion (WIM) applications extended to complete active traffic management systems. After a brief description of the sensor and its principle of operation, the theoretical model is developed. Then, a full characterization made in both static and dynamic conditions is presented. The results obtained illustrate how it is difficult to interpret a weight measured in dynamic conditions and correlate the value with the static weight.


Evidence that inferior electric-resistance welded (ERW) pipe has been manufactured and installed, especially before 1970, abounds not only in pipeline accident statistics but also in investigations of individual pipeline failures which seldom appear in open literature. Abandoning or replacing large quantities of ERW line pipe is impractical and undesirable. This first of two articles briefly reviews what constitutes ERW pipe, the weaknesses and deficiencies that can occur in ERW materials, and their possible effects on pipeline safety. The concluding article will offer some suggestions for continuing to operate such pipelines with a minimum of risk to the public. An insert with this present article reviews the ERW manufacturing process and provides definitions of key terms.


An approach to calculating model physics using neural network emulations, previously proposed and developed by the authors, has been implemented in this study for both longwave and shortwave radiation parameterizations, or to the full model radiation, the most time-consuming component of model physics. The developed highly accurate neural network emulations of the NCAR Community Atmospheric Model (CAM) longwave and shortwave radiation parameterizations are 150 and 20 times as fast as the original/ control longwave and shortwave radiation parameterizations, respectively. The full neural network model radiation was used for a decadal climate model simulation with the NCAR CAM. A detailed comparison of parallel decadal climate simulations performed with the original NCAR model radiation parameterizations and with their neural network emulations is presented. Almost identical results have been obtained for the parallel decadal simulations. This opens the opportunity of using efficient neural network emulations for the full model radiation for decadal and longer climate simulations as well as for weather prediction.


Parallel tunnels with supersmall interval is a tunnel structure type, it is between general twohole tunnel and twinarch tunnel, it has some characters, such as, cost is similar with general twohole tunnel, and the cost is lower than twinarch tunnel, engineering step is simpler, supersmall interval is much short to survey and optimize for whole road line's type in freeway design conveniently, so the structure suits short tunnel engineering. Stress and strain of surrounding rock and support are more complicated than general twohole tunnel because of small interval, so it is necessary to take some special measures in design, construction, supervise and measuring controlling method for safe in construction and application.


A TOP HEALTH department official sparked fury when he told MPs that pay is not a key issue for nursing unions.


This study examines microstructural recrystallization in Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu (SAC305) solder joints due to isothermal, mechanical cycling. It is well known that after reflow SAC solder joints at length scales of 200 μm consist of only a few grains [1–3]. This coarse microstructure makes the joint mechanically inhomogeneous and anisotropic, and non-repeatable. Creep tests conducted on modified lap-shear SAC305 solder joints therefore show significant scatter in their results, because of piece-to-piece variability in the microstructural morphology [1]. However, results of cyclic fatigue tests of the same SAC305 solder joints show less significant scatter [4]. One possible hypothesis is that dynamic recrystallization occurs during the cycling, resulting in a much finer (and hence more isotropic, homogeneous and repeatable) microstructure. Recrystallization of solder has been reported to occur under thermal cycling [5–6]. The objective of this study is to assess the extent of recrystallization of SAC305 solder during isothermal mechanical cycling fatigue. Focused ion beam technology is used to prepare a very clean and even surface to reveal the SAC305 grains in modified lap-shear test specimens, both before and after isothermal mechanical cycling. Polarized light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and focused ion beam microscopy are used to reveal the microstructure of these SAC305 solder joints. The results show that mechanical cycling produces the same type of recrystallization behavior of SAC solder, as has been reported in the literature for thermally cycled specimens [5–6]. The number of grains in the SAC305 solder joint changes from a few to hundreds, during mechanical cycling. As expected, the recrystallization is observed to be localized around cracks in the solder joint, where the local stresses are the highest. The minimal grain size near the cracked region is approximately 4–6 μm and the average grain size increases significantly with increasing distance from the crack face. The transition of solder from very few (non-homogeneous and anisotropic) to a homogenous recrystallized state may be one possible explanation for differences in the extent of scatter in the data from creep tests and isothermal mechanical fatigue tests.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


We present a portrait-generation framework that can control composite attributes. Our target attribute covers the three global attributes of age, sex, and race. We built control vectors for the garget attributes and attached them to the latent vector that produced portrait images. Our generator was devised using the StyleGAN generator, and our discriminator has a dual structure for qualities and attributes. Our framework successfully generated 24 faces with the same identity while varying the three attributes. We evaluated our results from three aspects. The identity of the generated faces was estimated using Frechet inception distance, and the attributes of the generated faces were validated using a facial-attribute recognition model. We also performed a user study for further evaluation.


A quality assurance system in TVET provides the framework and processes for the consistent delivery of graduates with valid skills and competencies needed in the labor market. It also includes constant review and improvement cycles so the institutions become more efficient and effective in meeting the changing demand of the labour market. Setting and monitoring improvement targets within the system, and then evaluating the quality benefits of those improvements, are key elements of the overall management of the TVET system and as such need to include a variety of relevant measures that are polled consistently according to defined schedules. In this way, quality assuarance system in TVET ensures the effectiveness of system inputs (policy, management systems and processes, infrastructure, human resources, financial resources) to produce the desired outcomes that can be monitored and evaluated to examine if TVET institutions under evaluation responds to labor market, societal and individual needs; leads to nationally, or even internationally, recognized qualifications or credentials; provides access to decent jobs and sustainable employment; is attractive, inclusive and accessible, i.e. all citizens have access to TVET; and fosters capabilities that enable progression to further learning. In this paper, an integrated system of quality assurance is proposed to streamline Nepal's TVET and assure the quality of all institutions delivering TVET in Nepal.


In this article I Intend to review those dis - placements that constitute the development conditions of the politician's modern foundation. Also, I want to empha - size the absolute character of the State's political power in its relation with the conceptual horizon of time.


[Extract] I come home from school to find Dad knocking down one of the walls in the back bedroom. I say, Dad what are you doing?

And he says, I can't work there (downstairs, he means, in his office), I need more space.

I say- because we have this really bad relationship at the moment, I don't agree with a lot of the things he's doing, I'm being mean to him- I say, can't you just get rid of all that shit?

And he says no.


Electronic feeding of gestating sows, should gilts be housed separately? The aim of this study was to compare the welfare of gilts introduced into a group of multiparous sows or into a group of gilts in a dynamic herd management. Sows were housed in two adjacent straw‐bedded pens, both equipped with a walk‐through electronic sow feeder (ESF). Six gilts were introduced either into a group of 14 multiparous sows or into a group of 14 gilts. Welfare indicators were collected during the three‐week period following grouping. Different parameters were studied: salivary cortisol, agonistic behaviour, activity, hierarchy at the ESF, weight, backfat thickness and skin lesions. Results show that the introduction of gilts in to a group of gilts is slightly more favourable for the resident gilts in terms of animal welfare than the grouping into a group of multiparous sows.


Abstract This article is a review on research of "Umami Taste". The umami tastes of glutamates (salts of L‐glutamic acid), inosinates (salts of 5'‐inosinic acid) and guanylates (salts of 5'‐guanylic acid) were discovered in 1908, 1912 and 1960 respectively. The vigorous studies (1) in physiology, psychology and food chemistry in past few decades proved that umami taste was a basic taste independent from the four basic tastes of sweetness, saltiness, sourness and bitterness and that there was the unique synergistic effect between the umami substances of glutamate and 5'‐nucleotides. This effect realized the enhancement on not only umami taste but also the overall palatability of foods. In particular, it was clarified that umami substances were widely distributed in seafoods such as sea urchin, abalone, crab, scallop, shrimp and lobster and contributed to constituting the tastes of the seafoods in cooperation with other substances as free amino acids of glycine, alanine, arginine, methionine, valine and pro...


PURPOSE: A thin film transistor sensor and a manufacturing method thereof are provided to detect the touch intensity and the touch direction of an electrified body using a thin film transistor sensor which includes a decoupling-type top gate electrode or a bottom gate electrode. CONSTITUTION: A bottom gate electrode(BG) is included on the substrate(100). An insulating layer is included on the upper side of the bottom gate electrode. An active layer(115) is patterned as an island shape on the upper side of the insulating layer. An etching stopping layer is included on the upper side of the active layer. A first contact hole and a second contact hole are formed in the etching stopping layer. A source electrode(120S) and a drain electrode(120D) are formed on the upper side of the etching stopping layer to be faced each other.


Merlin Hathaway, Director of Athletics a t Sta te , anounces t h a t a new ice skat ing rink is now open for use of Sta te College s tudents . The rinl: is located on the tennis courts on Veteran's Field. AMIA is in charge of the rink. As yet there are no rules governing the use of the rink, a l though there will be some made according to need. The r ink will be open from 8 a.m. to 9:30 p.m. S t u d e n t Association President , Robert Helwig'60, announces the following schedule for the approaching SA elections:


The Simpson Group and its equivalents are shown to have reservoir potential in the Arkoma basin and Ouachita overthrust region of Oklahoma and Arkansas. The Simpson in Oklahoma, the Everton/St. Peter in Arkansas, and the Crystal Mountain/Mazarn/Blakely of the Ouachitas were studied in outcrop, and from well cuttings and logs to derive an understanding of 1) their stratigraphic relationships, 2) the nature and distribution of Simpson reservoir sands, 3) depositional and source environments, and 4) geologic history. Regional cross sections, sand distribution maps, and paleogeographic maps are used to illustrate these ideas and to point out areas favorable for oil and gas exploration.


Arthur S. Banks (ed.. Political Handbook of the World: 1975 (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1975—$19.95) Race as News (Paris: Unesco, with distribution in the U.S. by Unipub in New York, l974—$7.90, paperback) Adrian Blackburn's The Shoestring Pirates (Auckland, New Zealand: Hodder and Stoughton, 1974—price not given, paperback) Fourteenth Report by the International Telecommunication Union on Telecommunication and the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (Geneva: ITU (Telecommuicnation Journal) 1975—about $2.00, paper) Dennis L. Wilcox's Mass Media in Black Africa: Philosophy andControl (New York: Praeger Special Studies, 1975—$15.00) K.E. Eapen's The Media and Development: An Exploratory:Survey in Indonesia and Zambia (Leicester, England: Centre for Mass Communication Research, University of Leicester, 1973—price not given, paper) Cees Hamelink's Perspectives for Public Communication: A Study of the Churches' Participation in Public Communication (Baarn, Holland: Ten Have, 1975—$7.00, paper) Robert Silvey's Who's Liste...


In applications for acoustic Doppler profiling, the back scattering signal from small entrained water bubbles and other particles is used to predict the volume velocity. The velocity vector is calculated using multiple beams, pointing in different directions. By analyzing the Doppler frequency variation in the backscattering signal, it is possible to calculate the mean vector current versus depth. Turbulence in the water can create simultaneous currents and the water current my be different on the other side of salinity or temperature layers. These multiple current phenomenon has been difficult to analyze. The transmitted pulse is very short, and the volume where the current should be estimated is typically small. By using a non-linear filtering method based on a-priori information, the so called Multiple Peak Count Analysis, these current effects can become visible. The method shows superior performance as compared to classical methods, presenting a 3-dimensional spectral plots of the data often by using an FFT. A non-linear pre-filtering method has been developed where the peaks are extracted in the data. A short-time FFT has been used to find the spectral content. The paper describes this new method and compares the result with a classical analysis. Advantages with this new method, and suggestions where the method can perform better are also discussed.


A security document of value (2) comprising a see through and writable hologram or diffractive grating (10) as an anticounterfeit measure. The hologram (10) may extend over all or a portion of the document (2) such as the signature entry area (16) and other data areas (20) of the document (2). The hologram (10) is made receptable to ink by a coating of ink receptive material (26) or by known corona discharge treatment. Writing (18) or impact printing over the ink compatible surface (26) of the hologram (10) partially occults the hologram (10) underneath such writing (18) and may cause the embossed surface (22, 24) of the hologram (10) to become etched so that even if the ink is removed, a writing trace would remain, thus providing an additional security feature. The hologram (10) may be applied with tamper proof pressure sensitive patterned adhesive, hot stamp, or embossing. The hologram (10) permits incorporation of many other anticounterfeit features. Optionally the hologram (10) may be covered with a protective laminate (28) after the writing (18) or impact printing has been applied.


The educational processes have depended on the existence of groups, with the advent of the internet and with the development of the informational and communicational technologies, there was an increase at the utilization of collaborative learning, where the socio-affective abilities of a person can be conjugated with other's abilities in order to create computer supported collaborative learning groups. Therefore, this research proposes a tool based on Clustering Algorithm, which together with the Roger Verdier Web Evaluation will support the construction of socio-affective collaborative groups.


As opposed to most fluorophores that suffer from aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ), aggregation-induced emissive luminogens (AIEgens) possess very weak fluorescence in solution, but show strong emission upon aggregation due to restriction of intramolecular motion (RIM). Since AIEgens are often comprised of propeller-shaped structures, i.e. polyphenylsiloles or tetraphenylethylene (TPE), the attachment of chiral units has recently proven a powerful tool to fabricate chiral AIEgens exhibiting strong circularly-polarized luminescence (CPL) signal upon aggregation. Different chiral moieties lead to various assembled structures, such as helical nanoribbons, superhelical ropes, hollow and solid micro-/nanospheres. Generally, these structures exhibit enhanced chiroptical properties when compared to their monomeric counterpart. In this context, we report on the tetraphenylsilole and TPE derivatives with side-chains bearing an enantiomerically pure chiral units readily assembled into superhelical ropes upon aggregation, which displayed large CPL dissymmetry factors (gem) of –0.32 – a record for purely organic chiral materials.


During the past two decades nuclear magnetic resonance has revolutionized chemistry, biochemistry, biology and, more recently, diagnostic medicine. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, or mri as it is commonly called, is fundamentally different from x‐ray‐based techniques in terms of the principles of spatial encoding and mechanisms of signal and contrast generation involved. Mri has a far richer ultimate potential than any other imaging technique known today, and its technology and applications are still far from maturation, which may not occur until early in the 21st century.


The trouble of invading the brand of network's domain is a new form of law trouble in the computer network time. For the particular protection for the well-known brand, it is tortious if the domain name or its main part are copied, imitated, translated or transliterated from other well-known brand name. As to the ordinary brand, it is tortious only when it is registered malevolently. The trouble of invading the brand of network's domain name can be solved in arbitration or judicature way, to insure the authority's entitlement of brand in net space.


Heterogeneous radios are used in disaster management agencies for a variety of reasons though the radio must have the same radio frequency and protocol for voice communication. For this reason, the variety of heterogeneous radio voice connection methods have been studied but these are simple analog voice line cross connection or partial networked based on digitalization. In this paper, we suggest the method of voice packet transmission method based on All-IP per radio through IP network using SIP/RTP for scalability and openness and developed a prototype of the proposed method was verified.


PT. Mega Tirta Alami is a company engaged in the production and distribution of pured bottled drinking water with the brand "AXOGY". This is a fast growing company and now it has 42 branches in major cities spread throughout the island of Java, Sumatra and Bali. Currently, PT. Mega Tirta Alami using electronic mail (email) to transmit company's important data including financial data. By using email, the data are transmitted throughout public communication network and is vulnerable to various security threat. This problem could be solved by using a virtual private network (VPN) as data transmission channel. This paper discusses design and implementation of VPN for PT Mega Tirta alami which connect the head office to two the branch offices: Branch-1 (Bandung) and Branch-2 (Bekasi). The VPN was implemented using point to point tunneling protocol (PPTP) by using three Mikrotik routers. There is only few changes in the computer network configuration to minimize both implementation cost and time. Prior to make any data communication to the head office, user in Branch-1 or Branch-2 must provide username and password as part of verification and validation process. The newly developed VPN was tested on various technical aspects to ensure its reliability and operability. The test results showed that the VPN connected between from head office to Branch-1 and from head office to Branch-2. To maintain the security, the direct connection between Branch-1 and Branch-2 via developed VPN is strictly forbidden. Kata kunci: virtual private network, VPN, PPTP, mikrotik. PENDAHULUAN PT. Mega Tirta Alami adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang produksi dan distribusi air minum murni kemasan dengan merk "AXOGY" yang kantor pusatnya berada di daerah Tegalmulyo, Kelurahan Pabelan, Kecamatan Kartasura, Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Saat ini PT. Mega Tirta Alami sudah berkembang hingga mempunyai 42 kantor cabang yang tersebar di berbagai pulau di Indonesia meliputi Jawa, Sumatera dan Bali. Dalam kegiatan bisnis sehari-hari, semua kantor cabang selalu berkomunikasi dengan kantor pusat untuk mengirimkan data-data perusahaan seperti data-data penjualan, data-data stok barang


The trends of organizations are changing and demanding satisfied employees rather than dissatisfied employees. This paper provides factors through which employee's performance can be increased to achieve organizational goals and objectives. To attract the motivated employees and building relations, CSR can perform for society which will change the thoughts of stakeholders. Quality of work life has impact on organization's effectiveness which is essential for firms to be healthy and productive. Firms should adopt employee oriented policies which satisfies them to achieve organizational objectives. This study also indicates that effective organizational structure is necessary for improving the performance of employees and the organization. The structure is a source of success or failure because it empowers the employee which will increase the sense of responsibility. For the improvement in the organization and removing stress of the employees management must consider the hygiene factors to motivate the employees. The conceptualized work is conducted which is proved through evidence. For further study statistical analysis can be done for confirmation of the hypothesis.


We consider the estimation of parameters of a multiple regression model with nonstationary errors. We assume the nonstationary errors satisfy a time-dependent autoregressive process and describe a method for estimating the parameters of the regressors and the time-dependent autoregressive parameters. The parameters are rescaled as in nonparametric regression to obtain the asymptotic sampling properties of the estimators. The method is illustrated with an example taken from global temperature anomalies. Copyright Biometrika Trust 2004, Oxford University Press.


The present invention relates to a method and device for operating an open-end spinning machine (1). The device comprises a workstation (4), an open end yarning device (5) for producing lines (16), a wrapping device (7) for producing wrapping tubes (18) and a yarn cleaning device (24) for monitoring the horizontal size or quality of lines (16). The open end yarning device (5) is equipped with a loosening rod (49), which is provided with a motor driving apparatus (50). The invention further relates to an open end spinning machine.


Objective To investigate the effect of As_2O_3 on the changes of expression of genes relating to cell cycle regulation in two glioma cell lines differing in p53 status (U87MG,T98G).Methods We selected the cell cycle related genes in U87MG and T98G whose expressed level were changed after exposure to As_2O_3 by functional classification cell cycle gene array.The protein expression level of three commonness genes were analyzed by Western Blotting,proliferation rate detected by methy thiazolyl tetrazolum(MTT)and cell cycle aborogation analyzed by flow cytometry.Results MTT results indicated that As_2O_3 inhibited the two cell lines in a time and concentration-dependent manner.The concentration of As_2O_3 in U87MG and T98G cell lines 72 hours later were 1.78 and 3.55μmol/L when growth inhibition ratio was 50%(IC_(50)).Cell cycles of U87MG and T98G were blocked on G_0/G_1 and G_2/M stage by As_2O_3.Five genes were upregulated and six genes downregulated at least 2-fold by As_2O_3 in U87-MG cells;whereas,nine genes were upregulated and four genes downregulated at least 2-fold in T98G cells by As_2O_3.Western blotting indicated that As_2O_3 upregulated p53 protein level of the two glioma cell lines,whereas,downregulated the expression of cyclin B1 and D1.Conlusions As_2O_3 inhibits the proliferations of U87MG and T98G cells via blocking the cell cycles on G_0/G_1 and G_2/M stage,p53,Cyclin B and Cylin D genes are involved in the mechanisms of glioma cell cycle blockge induced by As_2O_3.


SUMMARY

The relation between the complex geological history of the western margin of the North American plate and the processes in the mantle is still not fully documented and understood. Several pre-USArray local seismic studies showed how the characteristics of key geological features such as the Colorado Plateau and the Yellowstone Snake River Plains are linked to their deep mantle structure. Recent body-wave models based on the deployment of the high density, large aperture USArray have provided far more details on the mantle structure while surface-wave tomography (ballistic waves and noise correlations) informs us on the shallow structure. Here we combine constraints from these two data sets to image and study the link between the geology of the western United States, the shallow structure of the Earth and the convective processes in mantle. Our multiphase DNA10-S model provides new constraints on the extent of the Archean lithosphere imaged as a large, deeply rooted fast body that encompasses the stable Great Plains and a large portion of the Northern and Central Rocky Mountains. Widespread slow anomalies are found in the lower crust and upper mantle, suggesting that low-density rocks isostatically sustain part of the high topography of the western United States. The Yellowstone anomaly is imaged as a large slow body rising from the lower mantle, intruding the overlying lithosphere and controlling locally the seismicity and the topography. The large E–W extent of the USArray used in this study allows imaging the 'slab graveyard', a sequence of Farallon fragments aligned with the currently subducting Juan de Fuca Slab, north of the Mendocino Triple Junction. The lithospheric root of the Colorado Plateau has apparently been weakened and partly removed through dripping. The distribution of the slower regions around the Colorado Plateau and other rigid blocks follows closely the trend of Cenozoic volcanic fields and ancient lithospheric sutures, suggesting that the later exert a control on the locus of magmato-tectonic activity today. The DNA velocity models are available for download and slicing at http://dna.berkeley.edu.


Introduction and summary The National Governors' Association has projected that state budgets will face an $80 billion deficit in fiscal year (FY) 2004. This would represent almost 18 percent of total state spending. This comes on the heels of a nearly $30 billion spending gap in FY2003. This degree of budget insolvency in the state sector is unique for two reasons. First, it follows a relatively mild national recession that, by historical standards, would not have been expected to send the states into such budget turmoil. Second, it has affected virtually every state, regardless of the type of revenue system they use to support state government functions. The persistent nature of these budget shortfalls has exhausted the usual budget adjustments that states make to pull themselves through tough times. Fund transfers, drawing down reserves, and one-shot revenue infusions were all used to balance state budgets in FY2002 in the hopes that stronger economic growth would restore fiscal health going forward. In addition, states have been operating in a distinctly "anti-tax" environment, in which proposals to increase taxes to balance budgets have been met with public and political opposition. Given this bleak situation, it is an appropriate time to examine the prospects for a return to fiscal good health in the state and local government sector, as well as the background to the current instability. Some analysts have suggested that beginning in the late 1990s, states began running structural rather than cyclical deficits. (1) In a structural deficit, available revenues are simply inadequate to maintain existing government services. Many of these same analysts also suggest that states' and localities' existing revenue systems no longer support government commitments. Gradual exemptions and distortions in major tax bases have increased the volatility of tax sources, while reducing the tax base. If this is the case, managing state government through a boom and bust cycle will require new models for state budgeting. Policymakers need to restructure budget models to reflect the service commitments of state government and the productivity of the revenue structure. In this article, I review the state and local budget situation. In particular, I look at conditions in the states that comprise the Seventh Federal Reserve District (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, and Wisconsin). These states have pursued different fiscal policies over the last decade and have relied on different tax structures to pay for government, yet all are facing significant budget shortfalls. This article suggests that budget problems during the most recent period are indeed different from past experience. Structural factors seem to be playing a larger role in fiscal stress. As illustrated by the behavior of the five Seventh District states, the roots of fiscal stress vary based on policy actions taken over the course of the last decade. Putting state budgets on a sound footing will require different strategies, depending on each state's choice of tax structure and expenditure commitments. Long-run trends in state and local budgets In this section, I examine broad trends in state and local revenues and expenditures over a number of economic cycles from 1960 to 2002. (2) This period includes recessions in 1975, 1980-81 and 1981-82, 1990-91, and 2001. The most current data for the combined state and local sector is provided by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis in its National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA). However, the NIPA data aggregates the sector into broad categories and cannot be used to understand spending and revenue trends in specific state and local activities and programs, such as education and welfare. In order to perform this analysis, I use the U.S. Bureau of the Census' Government Finance Series; however, this series is produced with a two- to three-year lag, making it difficult to analyze the most recent trends. …


Background: The rapidly growing aging population poses major challenges for health systems in Vietnam. This study was therefore aimed to examine factors influencing the choices of healthcare facilities among older patients in Vietnam, using a national survey on older people. Methods: We applied multinomial logistic regression models based on Andersen's Behavioral Model with various predisposing factors, enabling factors and healthcare-needs factors associated with different types of healthcare facilities where older patients utilized services. Data: We used data from the Vietnam Aging Survey (VNAS) in 2011. This was the first-ever nationally representative survey on older persons in Vietnam. Results: Among those who used healthcare services, 15.1% visited central hospitals; 23.6% visited provincial hospitals; 28.0% visited district hospitals; 8.8% visited commune heath centres; 18.3% visited private hospitals/clinics; and 6.2% visited other facilities. The results showed that "having to pay cost" and "having sufficient income" were strong predictors for using commune health centres, district hospitals, and private facilities, while "having health insurance" was not a significant predictor for using these facilities. Also, we showed that apart from enabling factors (such as age, gender, educational levels, employment status, living regionand place of residence), predisposing factor (such as health insurance, perceived sufficient income, household wealth and having to pay medical cost) as well as need factors (such as self-rated health and chronic disease) were also associated with the choice of healthcare facilities. Conclusions: Based on the findings, we discussed the implications of the results for organizing healthcare finance and delivery to achieve efficiency and equity for older people in Vietnam.


In light of the rarity and unavailability of academic publications on literacy/illiteracy in the Arab world, this study attempts to determine the linguistic needs of illiterate adult women in Egypt in the context of informal adult basic education. The purpose of this study is to understand illiterate adult women's daily linguistic needs in relation to diglossic de‐contextualization in Arabic, the comprehension gap between colloquial and standard Arabic that contributes negatively to the process of reading and writing acquisition in standard Arabic. The present study, based on participatory action research methodology, was conducted in Egypt where 11 adult female literacy classes, five (139 subjects) in Cairo (urban) and six (151 subjects) in Menia (Upper Egypt/Northern Egypt) were group‐interviewed. The results of the group interviews clearly define the functional context of adult female illiteracy (i.e. age and immediate linguistic/literacy needs) and enforce a diglossic dichotomy, entailing 'reading' and 'writing' categories. If considered by literacy authorities, diglossic integration in adult literacy programmes/curricula will certainly help Egyptian illiterate adult women to integrate easily in their environment, the ultimate goal of all involved in the fight against adult illiteracy in the Arab world.


In this paper, we propose a method for generating photo-realistic video in which a person virtually performs a motion that is not performed in the real world. we refer to such video as motion video clones (MVCs). The proposed method requires only two kinds of source information as input data: a reference video, in which a person A performs some motion, and a target image, which includes the whole body of another person B. Using these data, our method generates a MVC in which the person A's motion is re-enacted by the person B's body. Since our method does not need 3D human body model nor any training phase, it is suitable to MVC-based entertainment systems. To handle the self-occlusion of the human body in the reference video, we employ a part-based approach. For each part such as the right arm and the left leg, we first extract its skeleton from the target image and move it so that the motion represented by the reference video is reenacted. Next, we compute a 2D affine transform between the original and moved positions of the skeleton. This transform is used to map the texture of the target image onto each frame of a resultant MVC. Finally, we extend the part-wise affine transforms to pixel-wise ones by computing their linear combination for each pixel, whose combination weights are computed according to the geodesic distance between the pixel and the center of each part. This allows us to avoid unnatural appearance around the joints of the body parts. In our experiments, the proposed method generated much visually-natural MVCs than existing methods.


This article analyzes the rhetoric of Chinese and English advertisements from the aspects of pronunciation, meaning and grammar. The exploration of a national culture should be stressed for the innovation of Chinese advertisements.


Edward Smith, a retired farmer whose education ended with the Seventh grade, has been losing weight. The cause for his loss in weight is unclear. It may be related to the indigestion which troubles him periodically. It may be due to the lump in his abdomen which he cannot explain. It is almost a year since Smith, whom we see leaving the doctor's office, first noticed these symptoms. Farmer Smith has never liked medicine too well, in fact he brags about not having been to a doctor in twenty years. In spite of his bravado, Ed Smith worries about his health. One could not help noticing the change in his appearance over the past year. And yet he would never discuss his ailments. Now, with the diagnosis completed, Edward Smith was sure he had cancer. His cancer was in such an advanced stage that the outlook was very bad. Had he come in a year ago it might have been a much different story.2 This synopsis, comprised from statistics about the "fatal pause" in cancer, illustrates the problem of the insecurity risk. An insecurity risk is a person who is informed about a subject but does not admit or act upon his information. We inter men like Edward Smith every day. But how many other insecurity risks are buried alive within our social groups, perhaps sending these very institutions to an early grave?


Abstract A good quality diamond which had been irradiated with 1019 fast neutrons/cm2, and whose lattice parameter had increased by 0·6%, was polished with diamond powder on a revolving lap. Almost immediately, multiple cracking occurred on the polished cube surface, more or less parallel to {111} planes. This behaviour, hitherto unobserved on diamond, probably arises as the result of stresses set up by the partial anneal of the surface layers heated by the polishing action.


The review and analysis of John Caputo's 'What would Jesus Deconstruct: The good news of Postmodern Identity for the Church' and his views on priesthood are discussed. The need is for models of holiness that reflect the richness evident in contemporary theologies of the Trinity, the Incarnation, sacramentality, and the human person.


BACKGROUND
Health needs of refugees are not only determined by exposure to war and fleeing. Determinants during the life course also play a role. We therefore examined the health situation in Ukraine before Russia's invasion in 2022 and its relevance for health care for Ukrainian refugees in Germany from the perspective of the Public Health Service.

METHOD
Rapid search in the Medline data base, and in relevant Ukrainian and international health data bases; narrative synthesis of findings, followed by a prioritization of health problems and interventions by two medical doctors, using the risk matrix approach.

RESULTS
Immunization coverage is low for Covid-19, resulting in outbreaks in refugee shelters. There are vaccination gaps for measles and other basic immunizations, particularly in older children; children aged 2-5 years have not received the second measles dose. HIV and TB therapies may be interrupted due to the need to flee. Among elderly refugees, insufficiently treated cardiovascular diseases and pre-existing psychological trauma as well as cancers in need of acute care predominate. Ukrainian refugees may mistrust state-associated health measures, as the vaccination gaps indicate.

CONCLUSION
Refugees should be able to access curative and preventive health care without bureaucratic obstacles and entitlement restrictions. Analyzing Ukrainian health statistics and respective scientific publications helps the Public Health Service to adapt its interventions, and to avoid inefficient allocation of resources.