From abstract: "In this report the mineralogy and uranium contents of southeast phosphates are discussed with reference to the lithologic units of the Hawthorn and Bone Valley formations and to waste slimes. In addition, the immediate problem of sampling leached-zone rock for process development studies is discussed and plans for future work (fiscal 1953) are presented."


Building efficient deep neural network models has become a hot-spot in recent years for deep learning research. Many works on network compression try to quantize a neural network with low bitwidth weights and activations. However, most of the existing network quantization methods set a fixed bitwidth for the whole network, which leads to large performance drop under high compression rate. In this paper we introduce an adaptive layerwise quantization method which quantizes the network with different bitwidth assigned to different layers. By using entropy of weights and activations as an importance indicator for each layer, we keep most of the layers under a high compression rate while a few most important layers receive more bit assignment. Experiments on CI-FAR10 and ImageNet2012 datasets demonstrate that our layerwise quantization could achieve smaller model size and less computation cost than the comparison fixed bitwidth methods with comparable accuracy, or higher accuracy with similar model size and computational complexity.


The influence of the Iranian culture on Eastern Europe is undisputable. Scholars write of the Southern-Iranian road which stretched from the south, from the Parthians, Persia, and the Transcaucasia, to the north Iranian way through Khwarezm and as far as the Volga. The extent of the Iranian influence on the tribes populating southern Siberia prior to the Common Era however, is much less clear. It is believed that the Savirs/Suvars were the ancestors of the Chuvash. Although this theory has not yet been proven fully, it has served as a theme for historical and philological research. Drawing on geographic, religious, and linguistic materials this study attempts to trace the relationship between Iranian tribes and the Savir ancestors of the Chuvash.


In health-promotional campaigns, positive and negative role models can be deployed to illustrate the benefits or costs of certain behaviors. The main purpose of this article is to investigate why, how, and when exposure to role models strengthens the persuasiveness of a message, according to regulatory fit theory. We argue that exposure to a positive versus a negative model activates individuals' goals toward promotion rather than prevention. By means of two experiments, we demonstrate that high levels of persuasion occur when a message advertising healthy dietary habits offers a regulatory fit between its framing and the described role model. Our data also establish that the effects of such internal regulatory fit by vicarious experience depend on individuals' perceptions of response-efficacy and self-efficacy. Our findings constitute a significant theoretical complement to previous research on regulatory fit and contain valuable practical implications for health-promotional campaigns.


The increase in crop yields is greatly influenced by the design of protective forest plantations. The purpose of the research is to determine the state of the existing structures of protective forest plantations of the Krasnodar Territory and the economic efficiency of the influence of protective forest plantations in the agricultural landscape. The studies were conducted according to generally accepted methods and recommendations. The study of forest strips took place on the territory of the Abinsky and Dinsky districts of the Krasnodarsky Krai. The object of research were protective forest strips and fields of agroforest landscapes. The protective forest strips of the research area were created in 1950-1960 . The height of the forest strips affects the range of reclamation influence. The distribution of heights according to the study variants varied from 11.6 to 19.7 m. The ecological condition of the plantings, assessed on a sanitary scale, varied from the third to the fourth category. The value of the state of forest strips is assessed as satisfactory, however, areas close to the decay of plantings are noted. The discrepancy between the designs of forest strips according to the research options has been established. In all variants of the studies, a change in the projected openwork structure to a dense one is noted. When bringing the structures of forest strips to the recommended ones, an increase in the range of the reclamation effect of forest strips is noted. Higher indicators were noted for the Abinsky district up to 547.6 m. The coefficient of reduction of the reclamation effect for all research areas was 0.44. By calculation, it was determined that the effectiveness of protective strips when bringing them to the recommended design allows you to make a profit: for winter wheat 2921221 rubles, spring barley 2968186, sunflower 3331132 rubles. (for an average field of 27 hectares). The calculations were made in the prices of 2021. Owners of forest strips are recommended to monitor the condition of protective forest strips and bring their designs to the recommended ones.


In industrialised countries, innovation is a key source of economic growth. Rrsearch is a key driver of technological innovation and involves the process of systematic investigation and/or experimentation to discover new knowledge. The Governments'industry innovation policy supports a business focus on Research and Development (R&D) through a range of programs in order to achieve these aims. The Innovation Statement (DISR 2000, 20010, launched by the Australian Prime MinisterJanuary 2001, commits an additional 3 billion over five years to encourage and support innovation. The Australian Government aims toworld competitive firms and strong research capability in industry to strengthen Australia's international competitiveness and increase national prosperity. It develops policies and programs to enhance investment in innovation. The Australian Government has established a number of R&D funding support programs aimed at increasing the level of R&D in Australia. The backbone of these programs is the tax concession program, which is made up of the 125 per cent R&D tax concession, the 175 per cent premium tax concession and the tax offset. Over 4000 businesses take advantage of the tax concession scheme, which costs the government around 400mi11ion a year. This cost is expected to rise to over hall a billion by 2005-06 (commonwealth or Australia, 2003). Ensuring these resources are invested where they provide significant national economic benefits is a major policy issue. In this sense, this paper looks at the appropriateness, effectiveness and efficiency of the R&D tax concession with costs and benefits analysis.


It's needed for us to formulate an evaluation index system of practical teaching.Because it's goog for the evaluation of the scoee of practical teachinmg,and can help the students figure out who they are.The assessments of internships,of the polotical performance in pratical prosess,of the trainee instructors' site inspection,of he students internship summaryand report are included in the evaluation index syetem.


The behaviour and roles of the microtubule network and the microfilaments following fertilization in the mouse oocyte are described. The microtubule network is organized by multiple microtubule organizing centres (MTOCs) and these play a major role in establishing spindle structure and pronuclear movement following fertilization; in contrast to sea urchin and frog eggs, the sperm centriole plays little part in organization of the post‐fertilization spindle. The microfilaments are required for spindle rotation, polar body formation, certain changes in the egg cortex, and also for pronuclear movement. Influences of the chromosomes on microtubule and microfilament organisation are also discussed.


David Pepper's Eco-socialism is intended as a contribution to the continuing 'red/green' debate over the orientation of radical environmentalism. Written to convince those 'in and around the green movement' (p. xii) of the relevance of Marxist and anarchist theory, the book advocates the development of an 'eco-socialist' alternative to existing socio-economic structures. With respect to the orientation of the movement for change, the author's basic argument is that


The paper describes an experimental summer program "Access To Careers In Engineering" (ACE). The program was a recruitment strategy which targeted under-represented groups and sought to motivate them toward careers in engineering and engineering related fields. The ACE program was offered August 7-11, 1995. This program provided exposure to careers in engineering, engineering technology, and mathematics to 10th and 1lth grade female and minority students. The goal of the program was to create an interactive environment which allowed the high school students to participate in hands-on activities related to engineering, engineering technology and mathematics. The objective of these activities was to increase self-esteem of the participants through the completion of various projects and promote an awareness of career opportunities in these fields. The ACE Program was founded through a grant from The Pennsylvania State University-College of Engineering Enhancement Fund and Equal Opportunity Planning Committee. The paper also discusses the effectiveness of the program from the perspective of the high school students and the Penn State faculty who were involved in the program. Introduction The participation of women and minorities in engineering, engineering technology, mathematics, and related careers continues to be an issue for discussion, Defining the personnel resources for new engineers leads many academic institutions to evaluate the role of women and minorities in the engineering and technology fields. Figures from the Bureau of Census (1994 Ed.) indicate that 8.6°/0 of employed engineers are women, 3.7°/0 are Black, and 3.6°/0 are Hispanic.' Further independent studies indicate that although female enrollment in engineering programs climbed between 1973 to 1982, it peaked in 1983, and declined in 1986. For that same time, figures for Blacks indicated that the 2°/0 figure in 1984 has not risen significantly.2 In response to these figures and projected needs, The Pennsylvania State University Hazleton Campus developed the "Access to Careers in Engineering" Program (ACE). ACE was designed to be a co-operative program which brought 10th and 1lth grade female and minority students in contact with Penn State faculty from the Engineering, Engineering Technology, Mathematics, English, Guidance, and Physical Education Department, and local industry. This paper describes the development, operation, and conclusions derived from the ACE Program. ?&iii' } 1996 ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings '..,yyy':.$ P ge 170.1 1 Needs Assessment The Penn State faculty had noticed that in recent years there were only a few female and minority students who had applied for admission to engineering, engineering technology, and mathematics programs. Over the years numerous recruitment strategies had been ineffective in bringing these under-represented groups to the campus. In developing the ACE Program, the Penn State faculty targeted 10th and 1lth grade female and minority students. The Penn State faculty was working on the assumption that these students' experiences in the ACE Program would motivate them toward careers in engineering and mathematics. These students would be choosing higher education opportunities within two years. It was felt that the experiences from the ACE Program would be a significant influence in this decision-making process. Therefore, these students would be the most beneficial target population.


[1] Heavy elements including He, C, N, O, Ne, and Ar are present in the interstellar medium surrounding the heliosphere. They form the most important source for heavy pickup ions and anomalous cosmic rays in the heliosphere. Kinetic numerical models are used to study the entrance and the heliospheric distribution of neutrals and singly charged ions of these six heavy element species as they interact through charge exchange with the neutral and ionized hydrogen of the heliosphere. Since the interstellar hydrogen parameters are not known precisely, three different representative hydrogen heliospheric models are used to study the heavy element distribution, and the sensitivity of key results, including filtration ratios of heavy elements and increased heavy neutral densities (walls), to the different hydrogen backgrounds is established. The key neutral heavy element results are largely insensitive to the specifics of the hydrogen background. The location and extent of neutral element features depends sensitively on the hydrogen background, as do all the heavy ion results.


In recent years inorganic materials are largely present in products intended to health care. Literature gives many examples of inorganic materials used in many health care products, mainly in pharmaceutical field. Silver, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, iron oxide, gold, mesoporous silica, hydrotalcite-like compound and nanoclays are the most common inorganic materials used in nanosized form for different applications in health field. Generally, these materials are employed to realize formulations for systemic use, often with the aim to perform a specific targeting to the pathological site. The nanometric dimensions are often preferred to obtain the cellular internalization when the target is localized in the intracellular space. Some materials are frequently used in topical formulations as rheological agents, adsorbents, mattifying agents, physical sunscreen (e.g. zinc oxide, titanium dioxide), and others. Recent studies highlighted that the use of nanosized inorganic materials can represents a risk for health. The very small dimension (nanometric) until few years ago represented a fundamental requirement however it is currently held as responsible for the inorganic material toxicity. This aspect is very important to be considered as actually numerous inorganic materials can be found in many products available on the market, often dedicated to infants and children. These materials are used without taking into account their dimensional properties with increased risk for the user/patient. This review deals with a deep analysis of current researches documenting the toxicity of nanometric inorganic materials especially those largely used in products available on the market.


Hydatid disease, caused by the cestode Echinococcus, is common in Mediterranean regions. Depending on its size, an intact cyst may be 'silent' or may compress adjacent organs, causing symptoms. The cystic stage of Echinococcus granulosus is commonly located in the liver, which frequently results in a long symptom-free period [1] . Rupture of a hydatid cyst commonly gives rise to allergic phenomena, including anaphylactic shock [2] . Anaphylactic reactions due to hydatid cyst perforation usually occur during needle aspiration or open


This paper examines the effects on human reaction time and mental fatigue of changes in the intensity of physical activity. A treadmill-equipped instrument and perception tester were used to attain several levels of physical activity. In this paper, in order to determine the individual levels of physical activity of subjects, Borg-RPE scale, heart rate(HR) and respiratory quotient(RQ) were used. Also, a reaction test in whole-body activity on treadmill-equipped instrument and an addition test as an indicator of mental fatigue were performed. In the above experiments, the scores obtained in addition test administered before and after physical activity at each intensity level used. Restricted within the limits of this paper, the results of these tests showed that mental fatigue decreased after physical activity.


A series of regiochemically varied and core size extension-modulated arene- and fluoroarene-thiophene co-oligomers and the unsubstituted sexithiophene α6T were investigated theoretically to explore their electronic and optical properties. These phenylene-thiophene oligomers show great potential for application in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic diode lasers, and organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) because of their feasible tuning of optical and electronic properties by the various structural tunings. Density functional theory (DFT) and the ab initio HF were employed to investigate the geometric and electronic structures of the oligomers in the ground state, and the singles configuration interaction (CIS) methods were used to study the lowest singlet excited state. The lowest excitation energies (Egs), the radiative lifetime τ, and the maximal absorption/emission wavelength of the oligomers were studied within time-dependent DFT (TDDFT). All calculations were performed using the 6-31G(d) basis set. The results show that the HOMOs, LUMOs, energy gaps, ionization potentials (IPs), electron affinities (EAs), and reorganization energies are significantly affected by the various structural tunings in these co-oligomers, which is important for the improvement of the hole and electron injection into OLEDs. Interestingly, the LUMO energy of 1b, 2b, and 3b is lower than that of α6T and 1a, 2a, 3a by about 0.12 ∼ 0.47 eV, indicating that the fluorophenyl-substitution has significantly improved the electron injection properties of the oligomers. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


We explore methods of generating music from images using emotion as the connection between the visual and auditory domains. Our primary goal is to express visual art in the auditory domain. The resulting music can enrich visual art or provide a form of translation to facilitate enjoying visual art without reliance on the visual system. We use pre-trained image representations and explore two different types of music modelling methods based on RNN and Transformer architectures to build models capable of generating music given an image as input. To evaluate the performance of these methods, preliminary human and machine evaluation are conducted. The results suggest that both music generators are able to express music with an emotional connection.


Soil core is commonly used in seepage flow test of centrifuge test,in which soil samples do not scale with the same rate as the model so that the fluid-flow doesn't follow the similarity criterion of hydrodynamic.Based on the similarity criterion of hydrodynamic and centrifuge test,it was proposed to achieve good similarity with adjustment of particle diameters and hydro material parameters.As it was difficult to adjust particle diameters and hydro material parameters,and based on the characteristics of distinct element method(DEM),particle flow code(PFC) was adapted to simulate seepage deformation in centrifuge test.It was indicated that the seepage flow field of the model was in good consistent with that of soil core which approved by theory analysis and experimental test.And it was shown that PFC can be practicably used in studying centrifuge test and provide reference to use PFC in centrifuge test involved seepage flow.


In this paper, we propose a two-stage weighting based perceptual quality assessment framework for asymmetrically distorted stereoscopic video (SV) sequences by temporal binocular rivalry. Firstly, a traditional 2D image quality assessment (IQA) method is employed to measure spatial distortion, and the temporal distortion is evaluated by the magnitude differences between motion vectors of distorted and reference video frames. Secondly, the structural strength (SS) computed by gradient map and the motion energy (ME) computed by frame difference map are used to estimate the intensity of visual stimulus in spatial and temporal domain respectively. Then, SS and ME are considered as the importance indexes to combine the quality scores of spatial and temporal distortion to estimate perceived distortion of single-view video sequences, which is denoted as the first-stage weighting. Finally, considering that the difference of intensity of visual stimulus between two eyes results in binocular rivalry, a novel temporal binocular rivalry inspired weighting method is designed to integrate the quality scores of left- and right-views for the final visual quality prediction of SV sequences, which is denoted as the second-stage weighting. Experimental results on Waterloo-IVC SV quality databases show that several specific examples of 2D-IQA methods within the proposed framework can obtain highly competitive performance over other existing ones.


The architecture of SDN helps in early detection and mitigation of DDoS attacks, which is a challenge in the traditional network. With appropriate identification patterns and detection scheme, the SDN controller detects DDoS attacks in infant stages and suppresses their impact on the entire network. This paper proposes a feature set for classification of DDoS attacks from normal traffic. Further, a system model for detection of DDoS attacks implemented with SDN controller is proposed. The detection module in system model is based on RBF network having PSO optimized learning that is further compared with several schemes. The effectiveness of the system model has been verified by its real-time emulation with mininet emulator. The proposed system model is efficient in classifying heavy traffic load in the network from that of DDoS attacks and is capable of handling the DDoS attacks in their early stages itself.


Typical commercial electrical meters are based on current transformers (CT) to supply real-time current sensing. The load circuits that are being monitored are inductively applied to the primary side of the current transformer and the secondary core winding is directly wired to the industrial power meter. These CT wires can be problematic and labour intensive. Potential exposure of wires, crimps, and screws poses safety concerns for some installations. In this paper we will address the short comings of traditional smart meters with the implementation and optimization of wireless current transformer metering to control power consumption in commercial buildings. The paper will explore the RF challenges and techniques that will be required to operate wireless CTs from enclosed electrical panels in commercial utility rooms and closets. The wireless CT will enable the generation of active, reactive and apparent power measurements for commercial, and industrial electrical power circuits over a full non-wired metering system (i.e. wireless to the panel).


Squared M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) constellations have been widely adopted for modern high-data-rate digital communications. Nevertheless, carrier recovery required by demodulation of 128-QAM signals is almost a formidable task for practical receiver design. In this paper, two types of modified 128-QAM constellations are proposed allowing utilization of a low-complexity carrier recovery mechanism in the receiver. With the proposed constellations, perfect recovery of a frequency offset up to plusmn2.5% of baud rate is guaranteed using a conventional carrier recovery method at the expense of slight Es/N0 and PAPR increment compared with the conventional 128-QAM constellations


We find an explicit form of weak solutions to a Riemann problem for a degenerate semilinear parabolic equation with piecewise constant diffusion coefficient. It is demonstrated that the phase transition lines (free boundaries) correspond to the minimum point of some strictly convex function of a finite number of variables. In the limit as number of phases tend to infinity we obtain a variational formulation of self-similar solution with an arbitrary nonnegative diffusion function.


At present, college students mental health problem has drawn a wide attention. Many inconceivable things, such as leaving off their study, committing suicide and murdering , happen now and then , the cause of which is college students unhealthy mind. A survey indicates that college students have become a mental weak group, about 50.00 % of whom are living in a nonhealth or subhealth state and that their mental health problem tends to be the trend of going up and becoming serious. On this question, the paper holds that educators have obligation to develop the work of college students health education and psychological advice. By nursing with great care, persuading and melting mental problems, educators should help college students to spend their college life with steady mind and thereby take their place in society successfully.


It has been shown that fluid and viscoelastic solid approximations cannot accommodate the observed sound speed dispersion and enhanced reflection loss over sandy shallow water sediments. A plausible poroelastic model has been developed for the high frequency band (>50 kHz) using measurements from several sources. This model, with constant coefficients, is unable to track the observed sound speed dispersion at lower frequencies. It is hypothesized that one parameter, the frame bulk modulus, varies with frequency in a relaxation process associated with squirt flow at the grain–grain contact. This hypothesis has the potential to be a critical component in broadband acoustic models of granular ocean sediments. It will link measurements at high frequencies to propagation modeling at low frequencies, provide accurate, physics based, models of propagation loss, and a means to invert for bottom properties over a broad range of frequencies. [Work supported by ONR, Undersea Signal Processing.]


IN a previous article in this journal l an attempt was made to grapple, not with the question of what law should determine the formal validity of marriage—because that is well settled—but the nature of the discrimen between formal validity and essential validity. In this article, which is complementary to the previous one, it is necessary to face the problem as to which law should on principle and on authority govern essential validity. In the previous artick above referred to it was suggested that in the authorities which most acutely raise the question of the distinction between form and essence, viz., the question of laws requiring consents, it had been lost sight of that the actual ceremony of marriage was in all cases preceded by a contract to marry which was a far truer representation of the consensual compact of the parties than the actual ceremony oj marriage. The thesis was advanced that no requirement appertains to essence until it in some way avoids, qualifies or affects the contract to marry. Requirements which relate solely to the ceremony, whether they postpone it or avoid it, are merely questions of form. The converse does not hold; it does not follow that all requirements which affect the contract to marry are ones relating to essence; it may be, of course, that a matter of the form of the contract to marry is itself involved. The actual authorities have not raised a case of this type. All instances of requirements which have raised the question of the validity of the contract to marry have been questions of essence. The question is which law should govern the essentials of the marriage contract. The cases have in most texts been discussed as if they involved the question of capacity. Capacity, of course, is only one of the topics which involve a question of essential


Multicommodity network flows (MCNF) is a useful tool to solve bandwidth allocation and distribution problems on flows over MPLS (multiprotocol label switching) networks. MPLS has emerged as the protocol of the future due to it's true "multiprotocol architecture" nature, where it use a simple label switching mechanism and provide some level of quality of service (QoS) management features through traffic engineering. The objective of this paper is to propose a model based on multicommodity network flows theory to determine the optimal allocation of flows in a label switched path (LSP) at minimal cost. We discuss implementation issues and present some computational results.


Objective] To study the avenue of the appropriate antibiotic for prophylactic use in cesarean section. [Methods] The effects and side effects of prophylactic antibiotics in different ave and kind in 280 cesarean section were studied retrospectively. Two groups was engaged :control group Penicillin and metronidazole; observation group cephradine and Ornidazole. [Results] The duration of postoperative body temperature return to normal of the two groups were that: control group (by the venous ave) to be brought to bed was (59±34)hours , not to be brought to bed was (54±28)hours; observation group (by pass ora) to be brought to bed was (58±35.5)hours , not to be brought to bed was (43±34)hours. The comparison of the effects and side effects showed no significant different between the two groups. Conclusion By pass ora is the same curative effect as by the venous ave for prophylactic antibiotic use in cesarean section.


Introduction Rome at its height was the capital of the largest of the ancient empires; with a population estimated at one million between c.100 BCE and 200 CE, it was also the largest city the world had yet seen. Understanding this megalopolis‐‐how it grew so large and why, how it sustained itself, what life was like there in light of major historical developments‐‐is an issue of major importance for historians and archaeologists. A key source of evidence with which to tackle these questions is the Severan Marble Plan of Rome, or Forma Urbis Romae. This enormous map, measuring c.18 x 13 meters (c.60 x 43 feet), constructed between 203‐211 CE, was carved onto 150 marble slabs installed on a wall of an aula of the Templum Pacis. It depicted, in astonishing detail, the ground plan of every architectural feature in the ancient city, from temple complexes and entertainment buildings to aqueducts, warehouses, and elite residences to small shops, tiny rooms, and even internal staircases. The map provides information about the city in the early 3rd c. CE not obtainable in any other way, depicting the city's lesser‐known neighborhoods as well as its famous monuments, its back alleys as well as its major streets, its commercial infrastructure and its religious life. The Plan tells us about ancient Roman ideas of the city, ideologies of graphic representation, the layout of the city and movement through its streets, the interactions of monumental, commercial and residential space, the formation and microfabric of neighborhoods, and practices of mapping and surveying. The importance of the Marble Plan for understanding the imperial capital is unparalleled.


The report focuses on the nature and impact on pupils of global learning in
primary schools in England. It looks at what global learning and how it is practiced
in the context of primary schools. It identifies factors which both encourage
and limit global learning. It also explores how global learning can impact on
children's learning and development. While previously small-scale school-level
impact research has been carried out, larger-scale evidence of the impact of global
learning has been lacking. The report attempts to fill this gap, identifying patterns
of engagement and measurable evidence of impact.
The research responds to three questions:
1. What does global learning look like in practice in primary schools?
2. What are the facilitators and barriers to including global learning in primary
schools?
3. How does global learning impact on children's learning in primary schools?
The research design combines both quantitative and qualitative research methods.
The main method of data collection was an online questionnaire administered
via Survey Monkey to be completed by school staff (mainly teachers and school
management). 217 responses were received to the questionnaire. Additionally
qualitative data was gathered via interviews with pupils in three schools at
different stages of engagement with global learning.
The analysis locates the data alongside previous research and evaluations that
explore aspects of global learning practice or impact. It is hoped the research will
be of value to teachers and school leaders, teacher educators and policy makers.


Pteridium aquilinum is a non-pollution wild vegetable and has a long culture history. Nowadays, it is getting popular in people's dinning table. In this article, the research and development of Pteridium aquilinum from several aspects are explained, including the components and functions, seedling propagation, high-efficiency cultivation patterns and processing technology of Pteridium aquilinum. In addition, some significant influences which involved in the exploiting wild resources, protecting ecology, and improving economic benefits and social benefits etc are also discussed. Finally, some important problems for further study in this field and predict the direction of Pteridium aquilinum development in future are pointed out.


The present invention relates to the application of new materials technology, particularly to a high flame ultra low temperature environmental cable. A high-ultra-low temperature environment retardant flexible cable, comprising a flexible stranded conductor, the insulator and the outer sheath, an insulating cover layer formed on the insulated single strand soft outer conductor, the outer sheath covering at least two insulated single wire insulation the same layer as the outer sheath material is dispersed in EPDM, polypropylene is the continuous phase. The insulating layer contains a plasticizer, the plasticizer is a plasticizer cold, further comprising 30 to 40 parts of paraffin oil, 2 to 6 parts of a crosslinking agent, 50 to 70 parts of a flame retardant; outer sheath contains a plasticizer, an outer protective layer is a cold-type plasticizers, also containing 30 to 40 parts of paraffin oil, 2 to 6 parts of a crosslinking agent, 50 to 70 parts of a flame retardant. With the above aspect of the ultra-low temperature high flame environmental flexible cable, twisted highly resistant, easy to aging, ultra-low temperature, low temperature may be below -60 deg.] C stability, resistance to cracking, green flame.


The paper presents a collaborative approach employed to identify and examine the obstacles faced by telehealth solutions. The study involved the active participation of health start-ups, telehealth providers, and healthcare professionals delivering telehealth services. By harnessing the collective expertise and diverse perspectives of these stakeholders, the research led to develop an open platform, entitled Digital Connecting for Health, that has the potential to overcome the challenges impeding the widespread adoption and effectiveness of digital health services including telehealth in delivery of care. The developed platform shed light on various obstacles faced by telehealth solutions and provide valuable infrastructures for enhancing the implementation and efficacy of various digital health solutions, including telehealth applications, from various providers.


According to the "adventurous jump" theory of Karl Heinrich Marx,the paper takes the transition from merchandise to money as a marketing course and holds the management of "adventurous jump" as marketing security management.In the analysis the basic framework of marketing security management includes 3 elements: factor,state and character,while a 3-dimensioned marketing security management model has 125 types of combination of the 3 elements above.Based on the 125 types of combination,this paper puts forward the alarm principle,the procedures and the model of marketing security.


Bedside rounds are an ideal opportunity for clinical teaching. We previously offered faculty development on balancing learner autonomy, patient care and teaching. We noticed that participants often asked whether attending physicians and learners shared the same perceptions of the key elements (patient‐centredness, efficiency and educational value) of bedside rounds. Understanding these perceptions and identifying areas of discordance would inform faculty development for optimal bedside rounds.


BACKGROUND
Return to work (REW) after cancer treatment is important for both patients and their families and for society in general. For patients it can be a sign of complete recovery and return to normal life.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
A total of 755 out of 1,652 patients from 38 hospitals within the German-language area (DÖSAK REHA STUDY) were working at the time their cancer was diagnosed. QoL was determined after therapy and ranges from 0 to 100%.

RESULTS
Overall, 51% were blue-collar workers (BCWs) and 49% white-collar workers (WCWs). The WCWs resumed work significantly sooner. There were no differences in the medical parameters. For 19 impairments, there were considerably more severe impairments reported in the self-administered questionnaires for BCWs. The groups did not differ with regard to depressive moods. Patient behaviour changed in several dimensions as a result of the treatment.

CONCLUSION
WCWs managed to return more frequently and faster to work than BCWs. It is important that the rehabilitative measures be coordinated.


Wireless IoT is a promising area in which large quantities of data and information are collected, exchanged, and stored constantly. While these data and information are utilized for good purposes in wireless IoT, great risks arise in that attackers are seeking to exploit the merits of this new technology for their own benefits. In such a resource-constrained environment, devices are easily exposed to various attacks. Confidential private information is as valuable as it is vulnerable. It is difficult for end users to trust wireless IoT and to adopt related applications due to the lack of satisfactory privacy-preserving mechanisms, which has become the major obstacle for the adoption and popularization of wireless IoT. In this article, we first introduce the classical application scenarios of wireless IoT, along with related security and privacy attack models. We then present a brief overview of privacy-preserving schemes of wireless IoT. Based on the classification of application scenarios, we further present recent advances in privacy-preserving mechanisms in wireless IoT. Finally, we discuss open issues and future research directions for these application scenarios in wireless IoT.


This contribution expounds on our prior research, where interactive audiovisual content was shown to support Aesthetic Resonant Environments with (1) brain damaged children -extended here with the addition of (2) learning disabled, Parkinson's disease, and the aged. This paper appraises the experiments involved in preparing, developing and authenticating 'aesthetic resonance' within the Swedish partners' research (1 & 2). It reports on the inductive strategies leading to the development of the open architectural algorithms for motion detection, creative interaction and analysis, including the proactive libraries of interactive therapeutic exercise batteries based on multimedia manipulation in real-time.


Inflammation in brain plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment. Anti‐inflammatory therapy may thus constitute a novel approach for associated cognitive dysfunction. The present study investigated the effects of parecoxib in the prevention of cognitive impairments induced by sevoflurane in aged rats.


Based on the theory of Fourier series,a model for predicting the stiffness of filament-wound composite was provided according to the characteristic of micro-structure of filament-wound composite.In this model,the stiffness of representative volume element(RVE) was treated as a stiffness field;the function of this field was described by 2D Fourier series expansion and the expressions were deduced.The result of the example shows that the model can predict the macro-stiffness of filament-wound composite,also can reflect the effect of internal micro-structure of filament-wound composite on the stiffness characteristic of filament-wound composite.


A composition for a polarization box is provided to prevent the contamination of an LCD film accepted by separating an antistatic material from a polarization box, through adding the antistatic material to the thermoplastic resin. A composition for a polarization box(100) receiving a plurality of films in a laminated state, comprises thermoplastic resin 75-99.5 weight% and antistatic material 0.5-25 weight%. The thermoplastic resin and antistatic material are mixed to manufacture the polarization box added with an antistatic material. The antistatic material is a conductive polymer selected from the group consisting of poltaniline, polyethylenedioxythiophene, polypyrole, polythiophene, poly(phenylene), polyacetylene, poly (p-phenylene vinylene), polythienylene vinylene, polyisothianaphyhene, poly (p-phenylene sulfide) and their combination.


BaTiO3 ultrafine particles/stearic acid composite film was prepared by LB-film technology. After the composite films heat-treatment, the BaTiO3 ultrathin films were formed. The properties of BaTiO3 ultrathin film were investigated with UV-vis absorption, electron spin resonance, IR and X-ray diffraction. The results show that the obvious absorption of BaTiO3 ultrathin film was between 190 nm to 287 nm, the violence absorption was at 299 nm. In the ultrathin film, BaTiO3 particles existed oxygen-vacancy, the molecule interior structure and crystal structure of BaTiO3 particles had obvious change.


Social media platforms have seen an increase in the prevalence of cyberbullying. Protecting social media platforms against cyberbullying is essential as social media is extensively used among people of all ages. Events of cyberbullying have been rising, especially among young individuals who spend most of their time switching between various social media sites. This study gives an overview of the existing research on the categorization and detection of cyberbullying using several methods from the Deep learning and Machine learning field like Convolutional Neural Network, Recurrent Neural Network, Long Short -Term Memory, Gated Recurrent Unit, Bi-GRU-Attention-CapsNet, Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, Naive Bayes, and k-Nearest Neighbor, along with the study that examines the effects of various feature extraction techniques like Term frequency and Inverse Document Frequency, Information Gain, Dolphin Echolocation Algorithm, and Improved Dolphin Echolocation Algorithm.


18549 Background: Infections are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Hypogammaglobulinemia, in general, increases the susceptibility to infections in patients with CLL. We conducted a case-control study to investigate whether hypogammaglobulinemia (Immunoglobulin-G (IgG) level <600 mg/dL) increases the risk of febrile neutropenic episodes in CLL patients with chemotherapy associated neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count (ANC) <0.5 × 109/L).

METHODS
The source cohort consisted of all consecutive patients with CLL seen at our institution between Jan 2002 to June 2005.We identified 8 cases of chemotherapy associated febrile neutropenia; controls consisted of 18 patients, with neutropenia but no fever (n = 4) or no neutropenia (n = 14).

RESULTS
The two groups were comparable except for a higher proportion of patients with Rai stage-4 disease in the febrile neutropenia cohort (100% vs. 17%, p < 0.001). Eight of the 8 patients in febrile neutropenia group were found to be hypogammaglobulinemic as compared to 2 of 18 controls (100% vs 11%, P value < 0.001). The median IgG level was 400 mg/dL (range, 300-488 mg/dL) in the febrile neutropenia group compared to 820 mg/dL (range, 121-1700 mg/dL) in the control group (p = 0.003).The relative risk of developing chemotherapy associate febrile neutropenia in the presence of underlying hypogammaglobulinemia was 4.5 (95% confidence intervals, 1.9-10.7).

CONCLUSIONS
Patients with CLL who are hypogammaglobulinemic are candidates for prophylactic administration of intravenous immune-globulin prior to initiation of myelosuppressive chemotherapy. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.


Abstract Background and aims. The aim of our research was to evaluate the impact of short-time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) on glycemic control evaluated by HbA1c and within-day glucose variability. We also assessed if the initiation of insulin therapy in conjunction with lifestyle recommendations may prevent the weight gain. Materials and method. We included 28 patients with type 2 diabetes with 2 consecutive CGMS recordings available (baseline and follow-up) and for which were collected data on weight, body mass index (BMI), percentage (%) of body fat, visceral fat area, HbA1c and glycemic variability. Results. The HbA1c decreased significantly from 8.8% at baseline to 7.3% at follow-up (p <0.0001) in the whole group, and from 10.5% to 7.5% in the subgroup for which the insulin therapy was initiated at baseline (p=0.011). The BMI, % body fat and visceral fat area decreased significantly from 29.2 kg/m2 to 28.4 kg/m2; from 32.3% to 30.4%; and from 141.6 to 129.3 (cm2), respectively. No increase of these parameters was observed in the subgroup for which the insulin therapy was initiated at baseline. Conclusion. The use of CGMS in combination with individualized lifestyle and therapeutic recommendations may have a beneficial effect on glycemic control and may prevent the weight gain associated with insulin initiation.


This, latest publication on principles of nutrition provides basic and up-to-date instruction in nutrition for the college student. The matter has been clearly written and presented well with excellent illustrations. The diagrammatic representations of metabolic reactions, the pictures depicting deficiencies, the numerous tables and other diagrams kindle the interest of the reader.


A role for the endothelin system in the pathogenesis of salt-dependent or low-renin forms of experimental hypertension, including the Dahl salt-sensitive and deoxycorticosterone-acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats has been well established [1]. In DOCA-salt hypertensive rats ET-1 gene and preproendothelin-1 (prepro ET-1) mRNA expression and immunoreactive ET-1 levels in mesenteric resistance arteries and the aorta are increased [2±4]. Resistance arteries of DOCA-salt hypertensive rats show substantial smooth muscle hypertrophy. This severe hypertrophy is almost completely prevented by administration of the combined ETA/ ETB receptor antagonist bosentan when administered in the developmental phase of hypertension [5]. Interestingly, this antihypertrophic effect of bosentan is separated from its blood pressure-lowering effect, compatible with a direct effect of the endothelin system on vascular smooth muscle growth. Further support for the involvement of the endothelin system in the pathogenesis of hypertension in DOCA-salt and, more recently, in aldosterone-infused hypertensive rats is demonstrated by studies showing that selective ETA receptor antagonists can markedly attenuate or even completely abolish the development of hypertension in these experimental hypertensive models [6,7].


As many as 60 countries are reported to be considering using nuclear power as part of their energy mix, and at least 20 are expected to have a domestic nuclear programme in place by 2030. But will the nuclear express be derailed by the global economic downturn, or will life extensions underwrite investment?


In this paper, a new adaptive switching control scheme is presented to solve control and synchronization problems. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, an adaptive control law is applied to globally stabilize chaotic systems and achieve states synchronization of two chaotic systems whose dynamics are subjected to the system disturbances and/or some unknown parameters. Simulation examples, the chaotic Chen's system and Chua's circuit, are given to show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed theory and method.


This paper analyzes how French biotechnology firms evolve. Our study starts with the American example where the biotechnology industry emerged during the â


The author offers opinions on Big Data, the information generated by consumers by their Internet use and automated point-of-sale systems, in Internet advertising media planning and marketing management. While acknowledging that Big Data has provided benefits to consumers in creating pricing transparency, the author states this poses the danger to marketers of focusing on lower pricing at the expense of brand equity. Targeting of Internet advertising based on data analysis is said to offer a means to maintaining or improving brand equity.


To the Editor:

Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is the only curative treatment for children with (severe) combined immunodeficiency [(S)CID].[1][1] In the absence of HLA-identical siblings suitable as donors, alternative sources, such as HLA-identical marrow unrelated donors (MUD), should be used


The present invention relates to a method to improve communication security and system. Establishing a communication connection in a communication system in which a computing device when received by the user a software button (recipient) Click this button to improve the security. When the receiver first software button actuation, the basic types of the communication connection establishment, during the connection can verify the identity of the recipient. Receiver then create a personal identification code, he must provide the personal identification code at a later software button is actuated. The system is then connected to enable communication with other types of entering into the reception. After actuation of the receiver to verify their identity and software button, the system remembers the identity and location of the computing device he is using. When the recipient subsequent actuation of the software button, verify his identity and location of the computing device, if the identifier and the position has not changed, the verification of his identity canceled.


Compounds such as quinine, morphine, aspirin (a natural product analog), digitoxin and many others, so natural products are so important to undertake research are that they can be a source of new compounds. [1]. A dozen potent drugs have been derived from plants including: derived diosgenin; reserpine and pilocarpine. Other natural products are metabolites from fungi, bacteria, algae, and marine organisms. So, the diversity of structures obtained and the different therapeutic activities shown for the natural products make that the isolation, identification, synthesis and biosynthesis of new natural compounds continue to be a field of enormous interest [2]. Natural products have made enormous contributions to human health and have served as an important source of drugs since ancient times and about half of the useful drugs today are derived from natural sources. One of the most efficient ways of finding new bioactive compounds is collecting data on the use of medicinal plants in traditional pharmacopeia. Nearly 50,000 species of higher plants have been used for traditional treatment of illness. In systems of traditional healing, major pharmaceutical drugs have been either derived from or patterned after compounds from biological diversity [3]. Algeria with its large area and diversified climate has a varied flora, which is a source of rich and abundant medical matter and, in particular, Sahara part constitutes an important reservoir 2012 Vol. 6 No.2 PhytoChem & BioSub Journal


The role of PI‐3K in leukocyte function has been studied extensively. However, the specific role of the p110γ isoform of PI‐ 3K in CD4 T lymphocyte function has yet to be defined explicitly. In this study, we report that although p110γ does not regulate antigen‐dependent CD4 T cell activation and proliferation, it plays a crucial role in regulating CD4 effector T cell migration. Naïve p110γ−/− CD4 lymphocytes are phenotypically identical to their wild‐type (WT) counterparts and do not exhibit any defects in TCR‐mediated calcium mobilization or Erk activation. In addition, p110γ‐deficient CD4 OT.II T cells become activated and proliferate comparably with WT cells in response to antigen in vivo. Interestingly, however, antigen‐experienced, p110γ‐deficient CD4 OT.II lymphocytes exhibit dramatic defects in their ability to traffic to peripheral inflammatory sites in vivo. Although antigen‐activated, p110γ‐deficient CD4 T cells express P‐selectin ligand, β2 integrin, β1 integrin, CCR4, CXCR5, and CCR7 comparably with WT cells, they exhibit impaired F‐actin polarization and migration in response to stimulation ex vivo with the CCR4 ligand CCL22. These findings suggest that p110γ regulates the migration of antigen‐experienced effector CD4 T lymphocytes into inflammatory sites during adaptive immune responses in vivo.


In this article we explain the reasons that led us to develop undergraduate research and the methods we used to set it up in our research area: exploration robotics for close-range remote sensing. We present our feedback and results about this win-win strategy (both for engineering students and researchers) applied over a period of about twenty years.


This paper proposes an unsupervised learning algorithm for linear neural network (LNN), two activity measurements are designed to classify the image subblocks into four categories. In order to improve the performance of LNN, an adaptive scheme is presented. The simulation results show that better reconstructed image quality is achieved than previous algorithms.


Folded waveguide interaction circuits for a vacuum electronic amplifier have been designed. Microfabrication efforts to produce the FWGs are underway and preliminary analysis of the properties of these slow wave circuits has been completed.


This paper presents Numerical evaluation of Absorpt i n correction factor for cylinder by using Generalised Gaussian quadrature r ule. The new formula increases the accuracy in comparison with the original Gauss-Lege ndra quadrature rules and Simpson's method which were recently applied by Ma slen(1999) and Takashi Ida(2010) et al. results obtained with the Generalised Gaussi n quadrature method are compared with the existing formulae. It is shown that the Ge neralised Gaussian quadrature method has higher accuracy than the existing formulae .


which the social systems created by various consumers, and the various overlaps and discontinuities of alternative with cosmopolitan medicine, are examined. Richman points to a tendency for some practices, such as osteopathy, to seek incorporation into the official medical world. Also, in many less developed countries, the pervasive nature of cosmopolitan medicine has meant that, since its introduction, indigenous traditional medicine has had either to coexist or strive for official recognition. Finally, Richman highlights the methodological problem in researching unemployment and health; although it seems clear that there is a relationship, its exact nature and degree is difficult to judge. More generally, Richman maintains that a change in attitude to work and unemployment is necessary if the unemployed are to escape being labelled as ' unfit to work' and thus being condemned to a particularly pernicious sick role. This is a thought-provoking and wide-ranging book, which both sets and maintains a high level of academic debate. Richman's essential aim has been to intertwine the rigour of the epidemiological method with the explanatory power of social theorising. Although the writing seems a little dense in parts, Richman has admirably succeeded in his aim. This is a valuable book, which deserves to be read by all those seriously interested in medicine and health.


A new method for finding the roots of a quartic equation over GF(2/sup m/) is described. Based on successive transformation, using the relationship between any two roots of the equation and looking up a simple table, the method is simpler to implement and faster than existing search techniques.


The Samaritan Pentateuch (SP) concludes with a Tenth Commandment concerning the building of an altar after the seemingly unrelated Ninth Commandment prohibiting coveting with which the Masoretic Text (MT) concludes. This paper suggests that the logic behind the juxtaposition of these two commandments is verbal resonance between the verb , covet, in the Tenth Commandment of MT and Exod 34,24 SP justifies the addition of a commandment about building an altar to the commandment of , you shall not covet (the Tenth Commandment in MT and the Ninth in SP), because of the occurrence of the same phrase in the two texts in which it is found. The logic of the juxtaposition is thus similar to that in the organization of many Deuteronomic laws which are also linked by apparent verbal connections. By emphasizing the importance of the holiness of space in the Decalogue, a concept absent in MT's version, the Samaritans effectively highlighted a concept that the Priestly legislators tended to de-emphasize in comparison with their Deuteronomic counterparts. SP's incorporation into the Decalogue of a law concerning the holiness of space may reflect the fact that most Samaritans did not share the exilic experience of Judeans. The exile may have led Judeans to de-emphasize holiness of space, something they had lost with exile from the land and the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem, emphasizing instead the holiness of time, including the Sabbath and the festivals. SP's Tenth Commandment may thus reflect not only the Samaritan attachment to Mount Gerizim but also their greater interest, relative to most Judeans, in holiness of space.


Kimura disease is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology. The disease is primarily seen in young Asian males and is characterized by painless subcutaneous swelling. It is often accompanied by renal involvement, predominantly manifesting as nephrotic syndrome. We describe a case of Kimura disease in a 69-year-old Indian male, presenting with left postauricular swelling. Clinical and histopathological characteristics are described along with a brief review of the literature


Intervertebral disk degenerative is a chronic and complicated procedure,and its mechanism is still unclear.Recent studies reveal intervertebral disc degenerative is not only the changes in morphology,but also the system changes in histology and biochemistry.Many reseaches discover molecular biology mechanism is highly associated with intervertebral disc degenerative.


In this report we present the region prooler used in the ML Kit (a Standard ML compiler that uses region inference, 7]). The prooler is based on work done by Colin Runciman and David Wakeling ((17]) on a heap prooler for lazy functional programs. The prooler can be used to reduce memory usage of programs compiled with the ML Kit. Hints and examples on writing programs in a more region friendly way are given.


Previous studies indicate that the poor forecasting performance of constant parameter UK consumption expenditure models is caused by structural instability in the underlying data generating process. Typically, this instability is removed by reparameterization within the constant parameter framework. An alternative modelling strategy is to allow some, or all, of the parameters to vary over time. A UK non-durable consumption expenditure model with time-varying parameters is developed, based on the permanent income hypothesis of Friedman (1957). This model takes into account temporal changes in the average and marginal propensities to consume. The variation in the parameter estimates is given an economic interpretation in terms of the influence of omitted variables, namely UK financial liberalization and expectational changes. The forecasting performance of this model is superior to that of two widely used constant parameter models. Further tests show that, even if these constant parameter models are respecified as time varying parameter models, the authors' model still retains a superior forecasting performance.


We prove that whenever u, v ∈ N and A is a u × v matrix with integer entries and rank n, there is a u × n matrix B such that {A~k : ~k ∈ Z} ∩N = {B~x : ~x ∈ N} ∩N. As a consequence we obtain the following result which answers a question of Hindman, Leader, and Strauss: Let R be a subring of the rationals with 1 ∈ R and let S = {x ∈ R : x > 0}. If A is a finite matrix with rational entries, then there is a matrix B with no more columns than A such that the set of images of B in S via vectors with entries from S is exactly the same as as the set of images of A in S via vectors with entries from R. We also show that the notion of image partition regularity is strictly stronger than that of weak image partition regularity in terms of Ramsey Theoretic consequences. That is, we show that for each u ≥ 3, there are no v and a u×v matrix A such that for any ~y ∈ {A~k : ~k ∈ Z}∩N, the set of entries of ~y form (in some order) a length u arithmetic progression.


Ne•tker the Unrted States Government nor an e V agency of the Un1ted States Governmem warranty, express or •mplted or assumes Y ag r;cv thereof nor any of the•r employees makes any completeness or usefulness ~f any lnlor:;~,~:P~~:'~:v o~ resoons1brllty for the accurac;y, reprt"Sents that liS use 'o\Ould not •nfnnge pnvately owned h P ~u~t or Plcx;ess disclosed or commercral product, process, or serv•ce by trade name, trade:!r~s e erence herein to any spec:,fte not neceuar,ry constitute or Imply •ts endorsement recom , manufacturer, or Otherwise cloes States Government or any agency thereof The VIews and o lnlmendat lon, or favormg by the United necessaroly State or reflect those of the Un•ted States Govern !en to;: a~y a:: ~~:~ hert!ln do not


If one could predict which of two classiers will correctly classify a particular sample, then one could use the better classier. Continuing this selection process throughout the data set should result in improved accuracy over either classier alone. Fortunately, scalar measures which relate to the degree of condence that we have in a classication can be computed for most common classiers (Hastie & Tibshirani 1996). Some examples of condence measures are distance from a linear discriminant separating plane (Duda & Hart 1973), distance to the nearest neighbor, distance to the nearest unlike neighbor, and distance to the center of correctly classied training data. We propose to apply discriminant analysis to the condence measures, producing a rule which determines when one classier is expected to be more accurate than the other. Let q1(x )a ndq2(x) be scalar functions for the condence measures of two o-the-shelf classiers. Each sample, xi ,i s mapped to (q1(xi);q2(xi)) in the decision space for selecting a classier, thus the decision space has only two dimensions. Observe that the sample space has d-dimensions where d is the number of features in the sample. In this respect the dimensionality of selecting the classier is reduced from d to 2. In order to select the better classier, we need an estimate of where each classier succeeds or fails. Both classiers are applied to each training sample to create this estimate. Classiers which never misclassify a training sample, such as nearest neighbors, are evaluated by leave-one-out runs. Each training sample now has two condence values, one from each condence function. It is also known whether each classier has correctly classied each of the training samples. This classication information is used to associate a value selected fromf 1; 0; 1g with each training sample. This value is termed correctness .


A frequent case in industrial practice at continuous casting is liquid steel overgrown temperature, that requirement change of cooling program in order to obtain adequate qualitative semi-finished products. The paper presents a few simulation experiments of using micro-coolers in continuous steel casting tundish, micro-coolers used only for steel temperature decrease. Based on experimental data, they obtained dependence between meal micro-cooler and steel casting temperature, correlations which they allow the optimal areas establishment variation for temperature of casting, the quantity of microcooler dealt respective affected volume percent of cooling to the administration micro-coolers.


The effect of a pseudo Aharonov-Bohm (AB) magnetic field generated by a disclination on a two-dimensional electron gas in graphene is addressed in the continuum limit within the geometric approach. The influence of the coupling between the spinor fields and the singular conical curvature is investigated, which shows that singularities have pronounced impact in the Hall conductivity. Moreover, the degeneracy related to the Dirac valleys is broken for negative values of the angular momentum quantum numbers, ℓ , including ℓ ≡ 0 . In this case, a Hall plateau develops at the null filling factor. Obtaining the Hall conductivity by summing over the positive and the negative ℓ ′ s , the null Landau level is recovered and the plateau at the null filling factor disappears. In any case, the standard plateaus, which are seen in a flat graphene are not obtained with these curvature and singular effects.


Kenaf is an alternative non-wood source of fiber for various grades of paper. We found kraft pulps of whole kenaf and bast kenaf to be comparable to hardwood kraft and softwood kraft, respectively. Whole kenaf was treated with the white-rot fungi, Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and Phlebia subserialis and bast kenaf was treated with P. subserialis. The bleachability of the pulp in DED, DEDED and DEDP stages was evaluated. The mechanical properties of fungi treated whole kenaf kraft pulp were similar to those of the controls. The mechanical properties of bast fiber pulp (fungi-treated or control) showed significantly high tear values when compared with whole kenaf. The brightness of biokraft bast fiber was about 8% higher than control for a similar three (DED) or four (DEDP) stage bleaching. The brightness of biokraft pulp of whole kenaf and bast kenaf was in the range of 86 to 88% compared to 78 to 81% for control with similar bleaching treatment. Whole kenaf kraft pulp yield was in the range of 42 to 44% with kappa numbers between 17 to 22, whereas bast kenaf pulp yield was between 50 to 52 with kappa numbers of 12 to 14. That means, kenaf pulp needs substantially less chemicals during bleaching in comparison to softwood kraft pulp. The mechanical properties of kenaf kraft, especially the bast, are close to softwood pulp and far superior to those of hardwood pulp. Introduction Kenaf is a non-woody annual plant that grows favorably in tropical and subtropical regions where sufficient rainfall or irrigation is available. Kenaf stem consists of bast (35 to 40%) and core (60 to 65%) components, both of which yield fiber suitable for papermaking and other paper products. The bast fiber (3 to 4 mm long and slender) are similar to softwood fiber, whereas core fibers (0.5 to 0.7 mm long) are similar to hardwood fiber. Kenaf is a potential alternative source of paper-making fiber in many underdeveloped or developing countries where wood pulp is unavailable or only locally available (1). Extensive research works by scientists from the USDA Agricultural Research Service led to the conclusion that most conventional pulping techniques, such as Kraft, soda, neutral sulfite, mechanical such as thermomechanical pulp (TMP), chemico-thermomechanical pulp (CTMP), Chemicomechanical pulp (CMP), are suitable for kenaf pulping (2,3,4). Biokraft pulping (fungi treated material pulped by using kraft process) has been investigated for whole kenaf as well as for bast kenaf. Untreated materials were used as the control. The objective of this study was to evaluate the benefit of using the treated


As an important technique in the study of tectonic evolution of basins,balanced section technique has been widely used in structural geology,petroleum geology,exploration and basin simulation.On the basis of introducing balanced section technique,according to the principle of balanced cross section,five main seismic sections in Linnan depression study area have been recovered and extensional parameters have been calculated.Tectonic evolution history of this region was analyzed as well.It was showed that Paleogene tectonic activity was strong in Linnan depression,tectonic activity became more and more weaker from morning till night,tectonic subsidence and stretching activities of this basin in Kongdian period was the strongest,extension activities in the basin became weaker during the first section of Shahejie formation and Dongying formation,and the extensional activities stopped in Neogene basin.


Morphophysiological, productivity and post-harvest storage behaviour of fruits harvested from panicles emerging at different periods were studied in Dashehari mango. Fruits harvested either from early emerged panicle or from very late emerged panicle were of small size, short storage life with undesirable shrinkage and weight loss. Panicles emerged during the first week to the last week of January were characterised with all favourable morphophysiological and productivity attributes. The post-harvest storage quality were superior in these fruits with reduced weight loss and shrinkage, and increased shelf life.


The serological and immunological index was detected to evaluate the effects of serum against swainsonine treated on goats poisoned by O.kansuensis Bunge.Eighteen goats were randomly separated into control group(group A,6 goats),poisoning and curing group(group B,6 goats) and poisoning group(group C,6 goats).Goats in group B and group C were fed 10 g/(kg·d) power of O.kansuensis Bunge every morning at the first day and the duration of poisoning was 55 days when goat in group C was dead.On the day 21 after poisoning,goats in group B were treated 0.25 mL/(kg·d) by injecting serum against swainsonine which its titer was 211,and four days,continuously.Blood samples were collected before the poisoning,and then once every 7 days, eight times in all.The results suggested that the change of serum alkaline phosphatase(AKP) in group B and C was extremely significant higher than that in group A on the day 7(P0.01),and from the change of serum a-mannosidase(AMA),group A was extremely significant higher than that in group B and group C(P0.01).The changes of serum lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) of group B and group C was significant higher than that in group A on the day 14(P0.05),the change of E-rosette in group B and group C were significant lower than that in group C(P0.05) on the day 21.By injecting SW anti-serum,The changes of serum AKP in group B was(P0.01) significant lower than group C at the first detection after treatment(on the day 28),and as to AMA,group C was(P0.01) significant lower than that in group B,and large difference(P0.05) also came from the changes of blood urea nitrogen(BUN) between group B and group C.On the day 35,the change about concentration of SW,E-rosette rate between group B and group C were significant difference(P0.05),also was true in the change of serum LDH on the day 42,Those results in this experiment indicated that serum against swainsonine had good effect to cure locodisease of goats,and also could prevent tissues from Oxytropis kansuensis Bunge injuring during these days,showing its good value of application.


The Indo-Pacific genus Metopograpsus H. Milne Edwards, 1853, of the family Grapsidae (Decapoda: Brachyura: Thoracotremata) comprises six recognised species of intertidal crabs from sheltered rocky shores and mangrove forests. Recent molecular evidences suggest that Metopograpsus thukuhar (Owen, 1839) and M. quadridentatus Stimpson, 1858, could represent species complexes, each consisting of two species. Here we deal with M. thukuhar and its genetic separation into two clusters, one with all East African specimens, including samples from the Red Sea, Iran, and the Seychelles, and the other one comprising all the known specimens from Southeast Asia and Pacific islands. In this paper, we present new results of an in-depth morphological investigation of samples assigned to M. thukuhar, designate a neotype, and confirm the presence of an undescribed species by adding support from nuclear DNA comparisons. With respect to M. thukuhar, which was originally described from Hawaii, the new species corresponds to samples from the western Indian Ocean. The distinguishing morphological characters include differences in the shape of the first male gonopod. While the observed differences are relatively subtle, they nevertheless support the differentiation revealed by molecular findings. Therefore, we refer to the new species as a pseudocryptic taxon and name it Metopograpsus cannicci. The description of this new taxon elevates the species number within Metopograpsus to seven and adds another record to the list of newly described crabs from the Western Indian Ocean mangroves.


Tutin isolated and extracted from Coriaria were diluted to different concentrations and were tested for antibacterial and antifungal activity by Neo-Sensitab disk-diffusion method.The results showed that there are remarkable antibiotic activities of Coiriatin at 0.5~15 mg/ml against 6 kinds of bacteria and 11 kinds of pathogens.Its effective concentration was 0.18mg/ml.


A video network real-time monitoring system based on embedded Linux is introduced in this paper. It adopts Client-Server model and uses embedded syste m technology, customizes embedded Linux operating system, then embedded video mo nitor is realized as the client. TCP/IP is implemented in this system which has high data transfer rate, low cost, high stability and good expandability by comm unicating through Internet. It can monitor on the spot ,and be connected to moni toring center (server) through Internet to monitor targets intensively.


Genetic relatedness among basil accessions including six species of Ocimum (O. basilicum L., O. americanum L., O. x citriodorum L., O. minimum L., O. gratissiumum L., O. tenuiflorum L.) and six botanical varieties or cultivars of O. basilicum L. [var. basilicum L. cv. Genovese, var. basilicum L. cv. Sweet Basil, var. difforme Benth., var. purpurascens Benth., cv. Dark Opal, and var. thyrsiflorum (L.) Benth.] were analyzed by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Five primers were used for amplification. They yielded a total of 102 easily scorable polymorphic markers. Jaccard indices were calculated and phylogenetic relationships were determined by neighbor-joining cluster analysis. Different Ocimum species were clearly divided into separate clusters with the exception of O. minimum accessions, which clustered together with O. basilicum accessions. In addition to morphological, chemical and crossability data, RAPD analysis can be a useful tool for resolving existing problems in identification and classification of basils.


The influence of the presence of some polyols in initial poly(vinyl alcohol) aqueous solutions on rheological and thermal properties of the cryogels, which were produced by the freezing–thawing method, was investigated. The polyol additives (cosolvents) were as follows: glycerol, propylene glycol, mono-, di-, and triethylene glycols, and oligoethylene glycols (PEG-400 and PEG-1000). It was shown that the introduction of glycerol, propylene, or ethylene glycols into the polymer solution resulted in a decrease of cryogel's shear modulus and fusion temperature, whereas the use of triethylene and higher ethylene glycol oligomers as cosolvents gave rise to an increase in the gel's strength and thermostability, and diethylene glycol exhibited a transitional influence. The possible mechanism of the action of reinforcing cosolvents is discussed. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


This research paper was carried to determine the effect of dietary supplementation of copper  at levels 50 and100 ppm, from various sources, inorganic (copper sulfate, CuSO4) or organic (copper-methionine, Cu-Met and copper-glycine, Cu-gly) on the productive traits, blood parameters, carcass traits and cecal bacterial count of broiler chickens. Three hundred and fifty Cobb 500 broiler chickens at 7 days of age were randomly divided into 7 groups (each of 50 birds): the 1st group was fed a commercial basal diet without any supplementation (control), the 2nd and 3rd groups were fed control diet supplemented with 50 and 100 ppm of CuSO4, the 4th and 5th groups were fed control diet supplemented with Cu-Met at 50 and 100 ppm and the 6th and 7th groups were fed basal diet supplemented with Cu-gly at 50 and 100 ppm.

Results showed that birds fed basal diet supplemented with inorganic or organic Cu had significantly better live body weight, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, economic efficiency and production index, while feed consumption was reduced compared with control group. However, the groups supplemented with organic Cu showed significantly improved on performance traits compared with the other groups. Supplementation of dietary Cu from different sources significantly decreased serum total lipids, triglycerides, cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, Aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase, creatinine and malondialdehyde. On the other hand supplementation of dietary Cu from different sources significantly increased the levels of red blood cells, hemoglobin, packed cell volume, glucose, globulin, alkaline phosphatase, triiodothyronine hormone, serum immunoglobulin (IgG and IgM) and total antioxidant capacity compared with the control group. Additionally, percentage of dressing and spleen were increased, while abdominal fat was decreased but not significant in Cu-supplemented birds. Moreover, Cu supplementation decreased total bacterial count (Salmonella, E. coli and Proteus) compared with the control. In conclusion, Cu supplementation with 100 ppm of Cu-gly or Cu-Met of diet were improved the growth performance, and physiological and immune response of broiler chickens. Broilers fed organic Cu had better growth and immune response than those fed inorganic Cu


Better coordination of the efforts of different agencies in one place is a major theme of current debate on reforming public services in the United Kingdom. Breaking down 'silo' government and pooling resources are at the heart of this, driven by the belief that multiple agencies and funding streams lead to uncoordinated and complex government, which is inefficient, ineffective and frustrating for service users. At the same time, the country is in the midst of a wide-ranging debate about the powers that should be devolved to local government.


The importance and need for evaluation mechanisms of public services has been a constant in the field of public administration in the last two decades. Debtors in many cases the private sector, reflecting the predominance of some theoretical paradigms have been implemented with varying degrees of success, different proposals. This situation, all the more pressing at the municipal level and in a context of economic crisis where citizens demand to institutions a greater level of transparency and accountability, not only resources but also how performs management public services; it has invited us to design a mixed assessment methodology coverage of municipal utilities. A methodology to be used not only to measure and/or evaluate, but also to build balanced scorecards at different levels, in which the construction of Index of Services Coverage (ICS) is emerging as a cornerstone for the analysis of services, mixed structural elements and perceptive elements.


We investigated the steady optical properties of the triple quantum dots, which obtain a tunneling-induced effect by using the external electric field. Our numerical results shown that the electromagnetically induced transparency can be achieved via the tunneling-induced effect. In addition, we examined the propagation dynamics of a probe field in this system and found that the probe field group velocities and their absorption were related to the tunneling coupling intensities. This finding allowed us to control the probe field to obtain ultraslow group velocities and a tunable optical switch. Finally, using this scheme it was possible to store and release the probe field by modulating the tunneling coupling sequences.


The merger history of a galaxy is thought to be one of the major factors determining its internal dynamics, with galaxies having undergone different types or mergers (e.g. dry, minor or major mergers) predicted to show different dynamical properties. We study the instantaneous orbital distribution of galaxies in the Eagle simulation, colouring the orbits of the stellar particles by their stellar age, in order to understand whether stars form in particular orbits (e.g. in a thin or thick disc). We first show that Eagle reproduces well the observed stellar mass fractions in different stellar orbital families as a function of stellar mass and spin parameter at z = 0. We find that the youngest stars reside in a thin disc component that can extend to the very inner regions of galaxies, and that older stars have warmer orbits, with the oldest ones showing orbits consistent with both hot and counter-rotating classifications, which is consistent with the trend found in the Milky-Way and other disc galaxies. We also show that counter-rotating orbits trace galaxy mergers - in particular dry mergers, and that in the absence of mergers, counter-rotating orbits can also be born from highly misaligned gas accretion that leads to star formation.


Life assessment techniques for components subject to random surface temperature fluctuations (thermal striping) are outlined. The approach depends on the thermal information available and ranges from simple evaluation of the initiation of fatigue cracking to the complete analysis of crack growth. A new bounding technique is described, and some uncertainties in the various analyses listed.


Received Aug 21, 2022 Revised Oct 25, 2022 Accepted Nov 3, 2022 This paper defined a new type of topology known as Interior topology. This work falls among the types of topology (such as general topology, supra topology, generalized topology, and filter) that are motivated by real-world concepts such as the orbits of planets around the sun, electron orbits around the nucleus, and so on. This form of topology is self-contained. The primary objective of this study is to respond to the question "Is general topology capable of producing Interior topology?". Finally, we define the base for Interior topology which is called i-base.


The gravitational acceleration of antimatter, g ¯ , has yet to be directly measured; an unexpected outcome of its measurement could change our understanding of gravity, the universe, and the possibility of a fifth force. Three avenues are apparent for such a measurement: antihydrogen, positronium, and muonium, the last requiring a precision atom interferometer and novel muonium beam under development. The interferometer and its few-picometer alignment and calibration systems appear feasible. With 100 nm grating pitch, measurements of g ¯ to 10%, 1%, or better can be envisioned. These could constitute the first gravitational measurements of leptonic matter, of 2nd-generation matter, and possibly, of antimatter.


Provided is an interior cooling structure which is formed within a blade of a rotor blade of a gas turbine. To the Innenkuhlungsaufbau may include: a first flow channel and a second flow channel that a segment of time a side-by-side arrangement have, and more lateral transfer ports located between the first flow channel and the second flow channel extends and these stromungsmasig connect. The transfer channels may be staggered.


Decision making in water resource management encounters difficulties due to uncertainties about the future. Scenarios are useful to explore uncertainties and inform decision makers to take actions. Scenarios are originally used to describe the future states in the form of storylines. These are then supplemented with numerical information from model predictions and expert judgement. Probabilities are attached to scenarios to encourage the specific explanation of the assumptions and expectations behind the storylines, and communicate the possibility of each scenario. Bayesian probability offers a prior probability on the basis of available knowledge and beliefs at the presence of uncertainties, and allows for updating to the posterior probability as new evidence arises. Bayesian rules are also applicable for decision making given the existing probabilistic scenarios. Decisions can be ranked according to their performance on the utility function given each possible scenario. A case study is provided to find an optimal solution to alleviate the water stress problem in the Yellow River Delta for the next 30 years. Scenarios of water availability and water demand are developed for the planning period. In order to make decisions rationally, cost-benefit analysis is used to evaluate the performance of viable decisions given the probabilistic scenarios.


Two Steps Back In June, the Department of Health and Human Services published a rule rescinding health care protections for transgender and gender-diverse Americans, who already faced disparities f...


Behind only the King James Bible, Shakespeare, and Twain, comes Mencken as a quotable source on subjects including (but far from limited to) diet and exercise, fundamentalists and preachers, marriage and divorce, presidents and congressmen, theater and entertainment, city life and farmers, scenery


Analyzes the benefits of using economic models in grid computing, abstracts the type players and the type alternations between the players.Introduces several economic models used in grid computing:commodity market model, posted price model, bargaining model, tendering/contract-net model, auction model, bid-based proportional resource sharing model and cooperative bartering model.


This assessment discusses the potential health and environmental impacts of transporting M55 rockets filled with nerve agent GB or VX from various existing Army storage depots to alternative Army depots for disposal. The origin depots include Anniston Army Depot in Alabama, Lexington-Blue Grass Depot Activity in Kentucky, and Umatilla Depot Activity in Oregon. The destination depots include Pine Bluff Arsenal in Arkansas, Tooele Army Depot in Utah, and the facility on Johnston Island in the central Pacific Ocean. This assessment considers the possible impacts of normal transport operations and of two postulated accident scenarios on the air quality, ground and surface water, aquatic ecology, terrestrial ecology, human health, and cultural and socioeconomic resources of the various transport corridors involved. The impacts of these scenarios are assessed for truck, train, and air transport for each orgin-destination pair. The analysis considers three basic scenario during transport: (1) normal operations with no atmospheric release of nerve agent; (2) a minor agent spill (the contents of one rocket being released to the biosphere); and (3) a worst-case accident involving the release of a large, specified quantity of nerve agent to the biosphere. The extremely low probabilities of such accidents, which are reported elsewhere, aremore » noted.« less


If the reader will forgive a tired clich , Ian Stevenson and I go way back. In 1971 Ian gave me my first job in parapsychology, a Research Associate position at what was then called the Division of Parapsychology at the University of Virginia Medical Center. In addition to Ian, my colleagues were Rex Stanford, later to become a major player in parapsychology, and J. G. Pratt, who was already a distinguished parapsychologist based on his pioneering ESP research with J. B. Rhine. Although the mission of the Division was research on the question of survival of death, neither Stanford, Pratt, nor I were primarily engaged in survival research during our years there. Although Ian later tightened the reins, he deserves great credit for allowing a broader research agenda in order to support parapsychologists who otherwise had little or no opportunity to continue in the field. The focus of my research at the Division was out-of-body experiences (OBEs). Although this topic can be related to survival, my experiments were not designed to assess the externalization hypothesis but rather to explore the psychological correlates of the experience and its relation to ESP. In fact, while I was there I published a paper based on the premise that nothing leaves the body during an OBE (Palmer, 1978), although my theory did not preclude externalization outright. One of the survival-related tasks to which I was assigned was screening mediums for possible extended research at the Division. I was to go to various places and pose as an ordinary visitor, not revealing that I was a researcher. One of my targets was a Spiritualist camp in Pennsylvania. Unfortunately, I was by far the youngest visitor there and I suspect that aroused suspicion; at any rate, they were very guarded with me and I got no useful information. I was also sent to Chicago and London. The Chicago trip yielded one medium who impressed me (Deon Frye), and we subsequently invited her to Virginia for a taped session. We did not find good evidence for ESP, but we noticed a marked change in her face when she entered trance. I was also a co-author with Ian of a paper describing a rating scale to be used for testing the ''authenticity'' of spontaneous case reports (Stevenson et al., 1977). Authenticity is ''the degree to which the information recorded about a case corresponds to the case as it actually happened'' (Stevenson et al., 1977: 274). Journal of Scientific Exploration, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 107–109, 2008 0892-3310/08


We investigated the controls on the δ15N values of shell‐bound organic matter of planktonic foraminifera (foraminifera‐bound δ15N, or FB‐δ15N). The bulk biomass δ15N of live foraminifera collected from plankton tows at Sta. S in the Sargasso Sea is within ∼1‰ of the FB‐δ15N of the same species picked from surface sediments from the low‐latitude North Atlantic. The FB‐δ15N value in the surface sediments is strongly correlated with the δ15N of thermocline nitrate, the dominant source of new N to the euphotic zone. The three euphotic‐zone‐dwelling, symbiotic, spinose species, Globigerinoides ruber, Globigerinoides sacculifer, and Orbulina universa, have a FB‐δ15N similar to or slightly higher than that of the nitrate supply to the euphotic zone, whereas the deeper‐dwelling, non‐spinose, and/or asymbiotic forms have higher δ15N. In the Cariaco Basin sediment trap samples, the FB‐δ15N of O. universa varies substantially (1.2‰ between the lowest and highest value), in some cases in step with δ15N changes in the bulk sinking N, while the subeuphotic‐zone‐dwelling, asymbiotic, and/or non‐spinose species are generally higher in FB‐δ15N and less variable through the time series. The higher and less temporally variable FB‐δ15N values of the deeper dwellers are consistent with their partial reliance on subsurface suspended particulate nitrogen, the δ15N of which is elevated and relatively stable over time. As an alternative, possibly additional explanation for the lower FB‐δ15N of the euphotic‐zone dwellers (despite their likely tendency to feed on high‐δ15N zooplankton), the dinoflagellate symbionts may reduce the δ15N elevation of a foraminifera's biomass relative to its diet by reducing the efflux of low‐δ15N ammonium.


Provided is a polishing fluid composition for glass hard disc substrates which combines a high polish rate and high cleanliness and which, even when used in a fluid-circulating polishing system, can keep a high polish rate for a long time. A polishing fluid composition for glass hard disc substrates which comprises an amine compound, an acid, silica particles, and water, wherein the amine compound is selected from the group consisting of amino alcohols, piperazine, and derivatives thereof and contains two or three nitrogen atoms in the molecule, at least one of the nitrogen atoms being in the form of a primary or secondary amine.


Spherical indentation problems of ceramic coatings/metallic inter-layer/ductile substrate were investigated numerically by axisymmetric finite element analysis (FEA) for two typical ceramic coatings with relatively high and low elastic modulus deposited on aluminum alloy and carbon steel. Various indenter radius-coating thickness ratios and interlayer thickness-coating thickness ratios were used in the modeling. Radial stress distribution and plastic damage zones evolution were discussed in connection with model parameters. The results showed that the suitable metallic interlayer could improve resistance of ceramic coating systems through reducing the peak tensile radial stress on the surface and interface of ceramic coatings and plastic damage zone size in the substrate under spherical indentation.Copyright © 2005 by ASME


The effect of partial deactivation of 10% Pt on silica gel with ethyl amine and 2-aminoethanol on the selectivity of competitive hydrogenation of 2-methyl-3-butene-2-ol and 1-hexene in methanol and in cyclohexane and the effect of partial deactivation of platinum black with thallium, lead and bismuth on the selectivity of the same reaction in toluene have been investigated. The causes leading to changes in selectivity in the systems under investigation have been studied.


Society will face enormous problems for the forthcoming decades to preserve a safe and healthy living environment (Nelson et al., 2013; Watson et al., 2020) and to assure sufficient fresh water for all (Wada et al., 2014; Bierkens and Wada, 2019). The impact of human activities on the climate system is well established, and unsustainable emissions of greenhouse gasses will continue to be high for the coming decades (IPCC, 2014). Even under optimistic scenarios, such as limiting warming by the end of the century to 1.5 or 2.0°C above pre-industrial conditions, climate change impacts will be considerable (Kraaijenbrink et al., 2017; IPCC, 2018). The warming up of the Earth and shifting patterns of precipitation and drought have significant impact on natural systems, our agricultural activities, natural resources, ecology, and the living environment. Some regions are more prone to global change than others and we must assess that vulnerability to be prepared and to mitigate the negative effects. Next to the threat of climate change there are health threats like the COVID-19 event that greatly reduced economic activities and mobility worldwide (Silver, 2020). Similar ecological events are likely to occur over the next decade due to the high world population numbers, the great mobility of people, the visits into remote unexplored areas and climate change (Boldog et al., 2020; Ivanov, 2020). Monitoring our environment using a wide range of remote sensing systems, building up knowledge about the functioning of "System Earth" and developing models and methods for safeguarding our living environment becomes increasingly important. Much of what we know about "System Earth" and about changes at the Earth surface is derived from information acquired by remote sensing systems. A wide suite of spaceborne sensors in the optical, thermal, and microwave spectrum, systems measuring gravity fields and atmospheric composition provide that essential information (Belward and Skøien, 2015; Denis et al., 2017). Manned airborne observations are rare and often experimental and do not contribute to long-term standardized monitoring of the Earth surface (Tan, 2016). While low spatial resolution Earth observation using sensors, such as Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, are suitable for global studies of changes at the Earth surface, historic archives of moderate resolution images such as National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Landsat (since 1984) and European Space AgencySentinel (since 2015) with optical andmicrowave images are well suited for regional studies, and archives of high-resolution images of, e.g., OrbView, Ikonos, Pleiades, PlanetLabs are available for local studies (Zhu & Scott Mackay, 2001; Gorelick et al., 2017; Zhu, 2017). Some of these datasets are freely available, others are commercial datasets. Examples of successful studies ofmapping Earth surface change are in the field of deforestation (Kennedy et al., 2012; Kennedy et al., 2018), landslides (Deijns et al., 2020), land cover (Kaptué Tchuenté et al., 2011; Wulder et al., 2018; Zurqani et al., 2018), glaciers and ice sheets (Rignot and Thomas, 2002; Anderson, 2011; Mouginot et al., 2017; Zhang et al., 2018; Zhang et al., 2020). Over recent decades, Unpiloted Airborne Systems (UASs) have developed in a very fast and extraordinary way and filled the scale gap between spaceborne observations and detailed field, often point observations. The UASs are adding an sizable amount of local and regional spatio-temporal knowledge about surface processes and land cover dynamics (González-Jorge et al., 2017; Liew et al., Edited and reviewed by: Jose Antonio Sobrino, University of Valencia, Spain