In classical queuing theory it is very often assumed that a customer who cannot get service immediately on arrival (as the server is busy) either joins the waiting line, and then is served according to some queue discipline, or leaves the system forever. However, as a matter of fact, the assumption about the loss of customers who opted to leave the system is just a first order approximation to a real situation. Usually such a customer after a random time returns to the system and tries to get service again. Such a queue is known as retrial queue (or queues with returning customers, repeated attempts etc.). In retrial queues an arriving customer, who finds the inventory level zero or server busy, proceeds to an orbit and repeats his attempts. Retrial queues have been used to model problems in telephone, computer and communication systems. For a detailed discussion of retrial queues one can refer to Falin [ 18], Falin and Templeton [ 19], Yang and Templeton [ 67] and Artalejo [3]. In most of the papers on inventory it is assumed that the service time is negligible.This means that at a demand epoch if the item is available,it is immediately served to the customer. However,in real life situations this assumption is too restrictive. The first attempt at analyzing inventory problems with positive service time was due to Berman et.al [13]. This was essentially a deterministic inventory model. Subsequently, Berman and Sapna [ 14], Arivaringan et.al [ 1], Krishnamoorthy et.al. [ 38] have discussed inventory with positive service time under various assumptions. In this chapter we consider two models of inventory with positive service time and retrial of customers. The difference between these two models is that, in the first we assume the service times are exponentially distributed with parameter μ and in the second model, service times have general distribution with distribution function G(·). The


The present invention relates to preparing derivatives of formula (1), wherein, in particular R1 and R2, identical or different, represent a hydrogen, fluorine or chlorine atom, a hydroxy group, an alkyl radical and an alkoxy radical, R3 is an alkyl radical, a hydroxy group or a methoxy radical, R4 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical and R5 and R6, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom, analkyl radical, an alkoxy radical, an alkylthio radical and an alkylamino radical. The inventive method consists in reducing an amide of formula (9).


The interests of both ship and reactor designers were considered in compiling this wide selection of book, unclassified report, and journal references to the use of nuclear power for ship propulsion. Sources used were U.K. and U.S. reports abstracts, Nuclear Science Abstracts, Engineering Index (1948-56) Industrial Arts Index (1957-), and the index to the ''Information Bulletin.'' (429 references.) (auth)


© The Author 2021. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) that allows others to share and adapt the material for any purpose (even commercially), in any medium with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. 1118 The impact of (DEM) accuracy on the watersheds areas as a function of spatial data


People in any type of community use different kinds of systems, social network services and technologies to interact, communicate, inform themselves and others about news, events etc. within their community. So far it was necessary to use different systems and technologies like bulletin boards, cell phones, pagers, instant messaging, E-Mail, social network services etc. to do that. This paper describes an IMS social network application that can be used to do all these tasks using IMS enabled cell phones. A typical "community" for the application would be a college campus, metropolitan business or downtown area or large scale events with multiple locations such as the Olympic Games or World Cups. Typical users would be students, professors, businessmen, travelers, spectators etc. The main interface of the application is an interactive map of the community/area that enables users to interacting with their whole community.


Analyzing the components and contents of environmental gases is of great importance for industrial production, human health, and environmental safety. Carbon dioxide (CO2) has drawn great concern for its adverse...


In a recent Gazette note (66.31, October 1982) Leonard and Schultz established the limits of two segments of the extended diameter of a unit circle. With reference to Fig. 1, they showed that if an arc of length l and a chord of length l are drawn from a point B on a unit circle, and if a segment, BA, of length l is taken on the tangent at B, then: The purpose of this note is to show that these results are not only interesting, they are exceptional.


Nowadays,sustainable development become the subject of all mankind.Establishing saving society is the urgentest matter in China owing to population pressures.Considering housing in cold region,from various angles,this paper expects to find out a developing pattern that is adapt to the cold weather and is benefit to sustainable development.


A reversed-field pinch (RFP) plasma is the result of a self-organization process, which is produced by a dynamo effect due to magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities. In the recent progress of the RFP study, improvement of the confinement properties by the transition to a single-helical-axis state is observed in the large experimental device. Also recent numerical simulations show the possibility of reproducing such single-helical-axis states [1]. As for a low aspect ratio RFP with A≈2, formation and rotation of the helical structure such as quasi-single-hericity states have been observed in experiments [2]. Towards the understanding of this structure formation mechanism, analysis using the detailed three-dimensional MHD simulation through the comparison with the experiment has been conducted [3].


On planet Earth today it could be said that we inhabit the Antarctic moment. Each year now, tens of thousands of tourists visit a realm that, just a few generations ago, was virtually unknown. Over the past century we have learned just how different is the Antarctic from the Arctic, and the South Pole has moved from the geographical periphery of our consciousness to the centre of our scientific and intellectual concerns. The physics and politics of global warming have turned our eyes towards the great southern ice cap. Antarctica challenges us culturally as well as scientifically and politically - it implicates our humanity. The vast white continent of ice has never before gripped our imagination or dictated our destiny with such power. How are we to make sense of such a remarkable, otherworldly part of the planet? What has Antarctica meant to Australians? What kind of culture has evolved in and around the ice?


This paper proposes a novel current control strategy on active power filters using PQR instantaneous power theory which can compensate the line current harmonics and the neutral line current in unbalanced and/or distorted source conditions in threephase four-wire systems. The proposed current control method is based on a ramp comparison PWM for fullydigital implementation. Control delay is considered in designing the control gain for the proposed controller. Simulation results verify the good performance of the proposed current controller on shunt type.


The following report is the fourth of a series dealing with the blood-sucking insects which are or may be implicated in the transmission of disease in man and other animals. The previous reports have appeared in different issues of this Bulletin* and should be consulted in conjunction with this, as many aspects of a general character, which are equally applicable to all West African Colonies, have been discussed there and need not therefore be reiterated here.


Thickness-shear vibrations of a rectangular AT-cut quartz plate with one face in contact with a layer of Newtonian (linearly viscous and compressible) fluid are studied. The governing equations for vibrations of piezoelectric crystal plates given in a previous article by Lee, Yu and Lin are employed in the present study. One-dimensional solutions for the normal and shearing stresses at the bottom of a liquid layer are used as approximations to the stresses of the liquid layer exerting on the crystal surface in the plate equations. Closed form solutions are obtained for both free and piezoelectrically forced thickness-shear vibrations of a finite AT-cut quartz plate in contact with a liquid layer. From the present solutions, a simple and explicit formula is deduced which includes the effect of compressional wave in the liquid layer and that of the thickness-to-length ratio of the plate. The formula reduces to the well-known frequency equation obtained by many previous investigators for infinite plates. The resonance frequency of a rectangular AT-cut quartz resonator, computed as a function of the thickness of the liquid layer, agrees closely with the experimental data measured by Schneider and Martin.


and VES data observed on the North Sea island Borkum. In addition to the derived model parameters ( water content, decay time, resistivity), they have predicted the porosity and hydraulic conductivity of the survey area by using pumping test data to calibrate petrophysical relationships. On the whole, the paper is easy to follow and well organized. Unfortunately, some details of the developed joint inversion technique are not presented. This is due to the fact that the authors combine two different topics (joint inversion algorithm and derivation of petrophysical data) in the same paper. In the following, I list some suggestions/ questions to improve the paper. They include mainly the modifications of some figures. Nevertheless, I request that the authors should explain the necessity of the joint inversion by comparing the result with the single inversion. The paper can be published after some minor corrections.


At the US Open this year, tennis players will be faced with a serve clock, giving them 25 seconds to take their first shot. The clock is intended to speed up pace of play. However, analysis by Stephanie Kovalchik suggests the timer will make little difference


The effect of hay feeding on pasture selection and substitution was studied using cows' fitted with oesophageal fistulae ina 4 x 4 latin square experiment at a low and high level of pasture availability. The cows were strip-grazed at both levels of pasture availability and were offered 20 kg DM/cow/day of fresh pasture. Cows receiving hay were offered 3 kg of chaffed hay twice daily. The in vitro digestibility of the extrusa material collected from each cow was used as an . index of pasture selection and used in conjunction with chromic oxide to estimate pasture intake and substitution.


With the increasing globalization of world, financial markets around the world began to show further integration. This relationship between markets has implications as a term that has attracted the attention of professionals and academics, the transmission of volatility. Thus, this work has as scope to analyze the transmission of volatility in the Brazilian market. For that, we used a multivariate Garch model with BEKK parameterization. Based on this model, we estimated the bilavariate relationships between the Brazilian market, represented by the Bovespa index, and the U.S. markets, Argentine, Mexican and Chinese, also with outcome approached by representative indexes of January, 4 of 2000 to march, 30 of 2010, totaling 2667 observations. The sample was divided into three parts, representing the periods of before, during and after the sub-prime crisis of 2007/2008. The results allow concluding that during the 2008 crisis , in general, there was a change in the direction of the volatility transmission between Brazilian market and the others studied , with Brazil passing to exercise greater influence, because it suffered less consequence due to the financial crisis . Moreover , after the period of turmoil caused by the crisis of 2008 , the relationship between the volatility of the Brazilian market with the rest became less asymmetric than in the period before the crisis.


This study examines the post-financial crisis market for tri-party repurchase agreements ("repo"), highlighting the details that make this market function properly after the run on the repo market during the financial crisis and explaining the systemic need for the market itself. In addition, it will analyze the effects of regulatory changes aimed at supporting and restructuring the current system. The data gathered for this project revolves around the recent ramp up of the Federal Reserve System's use of reverse repurchase agreements to regulate market repo rates in addition to the effects of changes in the Federal Reserve's balance sheet on the volumes of securities used as collateral in repo transactions. Finally, estimates will be made on the systemic effects of unloading the Federal Reserve's balance sheet on the many aspects that make the triparty repo market function efficiently.


The author acknowledges the Australian Research Council for funding via Discovery project grant DP1094585 and acknowledges funding from the European Research Council for the FP7 ERC advanced grant project ECOGAL.


The research probram on new methods of coal utilization carried out within the framework of the Coordinating Center for New Coal-Utilization Methods (COC), provides for work on four complex problems of interest to all member nations: (1) improvement of methods for the production of metallurgical fuel, in order to expand the raw-material base of the carbonization industry; (2) the manufacture of construction and other materials from mining and coal-cleaning wastes; (3) the development and industrial introduction of methods for chemical processing of coals to produce liquid fuels, gas, and carbonaceous materials; and (4) the development and industrial introduction of methods for the production of high-quality fuel from small-size coals.


ship and Marriage, membership in Organizations (including lodges and secret societies), Mutual Aid in the brotherhood, the Peace Testimony. It may be of interest to note that included in the Appendices are John Wesley's "Advice to the People Called Methodist," and "On Dress." One might feel that a work of such specific intent for the education of laymen and ministers would have little to offer in scholarly research. And certainly the outstanding thing about the work is its sense of responsibility, of the quality of bindingness which ought to obtain within the disciplines of the Church. But almost as important is the way in which many quite unfamiliar Anabaptist-Mennonite sources are brought together in the discussion; on almost every page there is evidence of familiarity with the toolittle known documents of the movement to which not only Mennonites but all Free Churchmen are heavily indebted. As such it is one more major contribution to all church historians from that remarkable group of scholars and churchmen centered in Goshen College, The Mennonite Quarterly Review and the Mennonite Historical Collections. It is to be hoped that both the Christian statesmanship and the scholarly research in Free Church traditions will find a wide echo among readers of other traditions.


This project seeks to examine the role of the child presented in The Hunger Games by comparing the image of the child to that of the adult, both in the individual districts and in the utopian city of the Capital. By using the contrasting images, I aim to show how imagery is used to draw on the significance of the misplaced roles. Director Gary Ross uses opposing color themes to show stark differences between the Capital and the districts. However, I feel that a further argument can be made in the way that the children and adults are expressed on screen. The image of the child is important to look at in this film, because of how the Capital uses children—both their image on screen and by tools within this society—to manipulate the power within the dystopian city of Panem.


This essay focuses on the creative labor of Kim Kimble, celebrity hair stylist and hair care entrepreneur, across various media platforms. Kimble has gained visibility on mainstream US film and television by styling performers like Beyoncé and starring in her own reality program, L.A. Hair (2012-2017). I argue that Kimble's identity and career—as a Black woman and third-generation hair stylist—invites us to revise racialized and gendered assumptions about "below the line" labor while also observing systemic inequities that operate in the industries of hairstyling and media production.


Aim: The present study aims to evaluate risk factors for the transmission of A/H9N2 viruses in guinea pig model. Materials & methods: Lung tissue samples were collected from the chicken clinically infected with influenza A/H9N2 virus in 2018. Next, virus isolation and titration, as well as reverse transcription PCR were performed. Then, hemagglutnation and neuraminidase genes was sequenced to identify different positions (hotspots) involved in transmission and host adaptation. Results: Influenza A/H9N2 virus could replicate in low titers in the nasal turbinate and transmit from infected to noninfected guinea pigs. Conclusion: Hotspots on the surface glycoproteins had the potential to alter transmission properties in the new host.


The detection system for phase content rate and interface in multiphase tube flow comprises: a single-wire capacitor and probe device, and a connected C/V conversion circuit to convert the capacitor value of probe into dc voltage and send to following device, and a signal process device to control last circuit and process, display and store data. This invention eliminates effect of fluid electric feature to detection result, and realizes real-time and on-line detection with well precision.


Effects of degassing conditions on hydrogen content and other properties of a P/M 7091 alloy were studied. The green compacts of the alloy powder were encapsulated and vacuum-degassed with various conditions, and then hot pressed and rolled. The degassing conditions were changed within 653-793 K in temperature, 0.3-24 h in time, 2.1-2.4 g/cm3 in green density and 100-10-5 Pa in degree of vacuum. Results obtained were as follows:1) The hydrogen content of 7091 alloy powder was about 55 p.p.m. And that of a P/M billet made from 7091 alloy powder without vacuum-degassing was close to 40 p.p.m.. Therefore the billet included a number of residual pores at the boundaries between powder particles.2) Hydrogen contents of the hot pressed P/M billets and rolled P/M sheets decreased with increasing the degassing temperature and the time. The P/M materials made through degassing at 653 K for I h contained about 5 p.p.m. hydrogen, and through degassing at 773 K for I h and for 24 h, contained about 1.2 p.p.m., 0.6 p.p.m. respectively. The P/M sheets were pore free even when they had high hydrogen content about 5 p.p.m.. Hydrogen contents of the P/M 7091 alloy sheets were in 0.6-5 p.p.m., which were higher than that of a I/M 7075 alloy sheet of 0.11 p.p.m..3) Effects of both the green density and the degree of vacuum at degassing on the hydrogen content of the P/M billets were little, excepting the fact that the higher green density of 2.4 g/cm3 resulted in slightly high hydrogen content.


Objective To explore the distribution of Pediatrics misdiagnostic cases.Methods To add up the Pediatrics misdiagnostic cases in www.IIYI.com which had issued from Octorber 2006 to September 2007.Results In the 131 Pediatrics misdiagnostic cases,there are 61 cases of medicine diseases(46.6%),36 cases of surgical diseases(27.5%),17 cases of infectious diseases(12.9%),17 cases of E.N.T's and Gynecological diseases(12.9%).Conclusion There have possibilities for misdiagnstic in all kinds of Pediatrics cases,especially in young ones.


BACKGROUND
In periodontitis, the equilibrium between bone formation and resorption skews in favor of bone loss. Periodontal ligament-associated protein-1 (PLAP-1) and sclerostin play a significant role in the suppression of bone formation. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a central pro-inflammatory cytokine related to periodontal bone loss. This study aims to assess gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) PLAP-1, sclerostin and TNF-α levels in individuals with periodontal disease.

METHODS
Seventy-one individuals diagnosed with generalized stage III grade C periodontitis (n = 23), gingivitis (n = 24) and periodontal health (n = 24) were included in the study. Full-mouth clinical periodontal measurements were performed. PLAP-1, sclerostin and TNF-α total amounts in GCF were quantified by ELISA. Non-parametric methods were used for the data analyses.

RESULTS
Periodontitis group exhibited significantly higher GCF PLAP-1, sclerostin and TNF-α levels compared to gingivitis and periodontally healthy groups (p<0.05). GCF PLAP-1 and TNF-α levels of gingivitis group were higher than healthy controls (p<0.05) whereas GCF sclerostin levels were similar in two groups (p>0.05). Significant positive correlations were found between GCF PLAP-1, sclerostin and TNF-α levels and all clinical parameters (p<0.01).

CONCLUSIONS
To our knowledge, this is the first study showing GCF PLAP-1 levels in periodontal health and disease. Increased GCF PLAP-1 and sclerostin levels and their correlations with TNF-α in periodontitis imply that those molecules might be involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Further studies in larger mixed cohorts are needed to enlighten the possible role of PLAP-1 and sclerostin in periodontal bone loss. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


None of the approximately 350 samples collected from the Upper Cretaceous Niobrara formation in Wyoming, Colorado, and Kansas are reversely magnetized. Of these, 109 are completely oriented samples from limestone and chalk units; the remainder are shale samples oriented only with respect to the vertical. Stability is indicated by the determination of reliable Cretaceous pole positions (near 65°N, 170°W) from completely oriented limestone samples and by the satisfactory performance of some shale samples in a fold test. Micropaleontological studies show that the Niobrara formation ranges in age from the Coniacian to the early Maestrichtian (about 88–69 m.y. B. P.), and so this study provides further support for the existence of long periods of normal polarity of the geomagnetic field during the Cretaceous. This result is difficult to reconcile with the geomagnetic polarity time scale extrapolated from linear marine magnetic anomalies, which indicates several reversals during this period of time.


The thickness of the skin of Atlantic salmon increases throughout the first two years of life. This increase involves, principally, an increase in the connective tissue of the dermis, and occurs independently of sexual maturity. The concentration of mucous cells in the epidermis changes seasonally, being least during the winter period. No sexual dimorphism is observed in these features among sexually immature fish. The epidermis of precociously mature male parr is thicker and contains more mucous cells than that of sexually immature individuals.


Archaeology is a science that is based on perception and similarity comparisons and thus 3D content based retrieval can be used as a research tool. In this paper, we present a descriptor which can be used for content based retrieval of 3D pottery. The descriptor carries morphological features which are extracted from a set of sequential plane-based contours which are vertical to the vessel's axis of symmetry. The feature extraction is performed after the completion of a pre-processing phase, which involves scale and pose normalisation of the vessel. The latter is a recursive algorithm that takes advantage of the rotational symmetry property found in vessels. We developed a software tool that implements the above and we performed initial testing on vessel's main body shape matching using a 3D vessel database composed by both manually modelled and digitised 3D artefacts.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods of producing carbon sorbents. The method involves pyrolysis of used tyres to obtain a carbon residue, activation thereof with steam, cooling, further activation by periodically feeding water into the pyrolysis chamber in several steps. The process is carried out while periodically changing pressure in the pyrolysis chamber by 10-30% from the nominal pressure with period of 0.5-3.0 minutes. During each discharge of the vapour-gas mixture from the discharge cylinder into the top part of the pyrolysis chamber and during fixed state of the piston of the discharge cylinder after the discharge cycle, differential pressure above and below the carbon residue is continuously measured and recorded and gas permeability of the carbon residue is determined from the time it takes for the differential pressure to fall from the maximum to the minimum value. A differential manometer with electric remote signal transmission to a secondary display and recording device is connected with one cavity higher and the other below the carbon residue in the pyrolysis chamber. EFFECT: high efficiency of the sorbent owing to estimation of its density and gas permeability during activation of the carbon residue of pyrolysis of used tyres.


This is a vignette for the R package CARBayes version 4, and is an updated version of a paper in the Journal of Statistical Software in 2013 Volume 55 Issue 13 with the same title and author. This vignette is required because CARBayes has been updated both in terms of syntax and functionality since the paper appeared in the Journal of Statistical Software.


In this paper, we discuss the problem of time constraints in the stopping criteria for managing human-machine interaction that involves a misapprehension of decision makers. We propose a methodology that locates best alternatives by including collective intelligence on behavioral patterns of groups in a time-critical decision process for mitigating the misapprehension. The results of simulation and its statistical tests describe that the proposed methodology allows 99.9% or better decision makers to locate best alternatives in an earlier time period and contributes to the stopping criteria by introducing alert and confirm built-in functions into human-machine system design.


Aiming at the development of high-level sports teams of universities in recent years,it has found out the problems of restricting the development of high-level sports teams in universities and proposed a solving countermeasure to make the construction of the high-level sports team of ordinary higher learhing institutes develop towards an orderly,positive,normal,high-efficient direction.


Cell-DEVS is a formalism intended to describe cell shaped models. It defines cellular models with timing delay constructions, using simple definition of complex timing. The original specifications were recently extended to entitle parallel execution. A distributed mechanism allows the simulator to execute independently of the model specification. Here we present some implementation issues related with the definition of parallel simulators for CellDEVS.


Background and Objective: Some studies have shown that pregnant women with abnormal glucose challenge test (GCT) and normal oral glucose challenge test (OGTT) have the chance of adverse pregnancy outcomes including macrosomia, pre-eclampsia and increase of cesarean section rate. This study was performed to determine the pregnancy outcomes in women with abnormal glucose challenge test. Materials and Methods: This case –control study was done on 60 pregnant women with abnormal GCT (more than 130 mg/dl) and normal OGTT and 67 pregnant women with normal GCT (less than 130 mg/dl) in Kermanshah ,Iran during September 2010-March 2011. Results: Delivery with Vacum, polyhydroamnus, pre-eclampsia pyelonephritis and low birth weight significantly was higher in cases than controls (P<0.05). But there was a non significant difference in stillbirth, neonatal abnormality, neonatal respiratory distress and shoulder dystocia between case and control groups. Conclusion: Polyhydramnious, preeclampsia and pyelonephrities and low birth weight are more frequent in pregnant women with abnormal GCT and normal OGTT in compare to pregnant women with normal GCT.


Changes are also resulted from the community 's efforts to develop Cigaru Blue Lake into a tourist attraction. In connection with all the changes that occur by the community participation, this study aims to describe 1) the stage of community participation in the management of Cigaru Blue Lake tourism object, 2) the dynamics of community participation in the management of the tourism object, and 3) the supporting and inhibiting factors of the community participation in the management of Cigaru Blue Lake tourism object. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive method. The data are collected through observations, interview, and documentations.  The results of the study show that the dynamics of participation that occurred in Cigaru Blue Lake tourist attraction brought some changes with the addition rides, adequate public facilities, and the ability to collaborate with the local government (Cisoka District). The supporting factors are the programs that are in accordance with the needs and interests of the community and comply with the prevailing values so as to create strong bonds between the communities. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factor is the geographical condition of the region and the week economy state of the community which makes the management run slowly.


15 years after the declaration of 'War on Terror', terrorist groups have not been stopped and de-feated. Instead, unprecedented increase of terrorist attacks occurred worldwide, greatly accelerated by wars and armed conflict in Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Palestine, Chechnya, Lebanon, Libya and Syria. By the end of year 2016, almost 300 Malaysians and foreigners had been detained by Malaysian authori-ties due to links with terror groups like ISIS. Those arrested includes professionals, lecturers and even policemen. The efforts to combat terrorism is usually limited to building a coalition of military allies, to educate the public, to fortify public spaces with improved securities, to combat terrorism financing and to make better use of the expertise of technology giants especially those in the United States, Korea, France and Canada to help governments enhance security and prevent attacks and to increase monitoring and surveillance. The problem with this approach is that it is dealing with the symptoms rather than addressing the illness. To address the illness, the root causes must be identified. This article analyzes the causes of terrorism in Malaysia. The causes from micro, meso and macro level are scrutinized. Radicalization, political reasons, religion reasons, economic and social reasons and psychological reasons are analyzed further andreviewed.


The derivation and analysis are given of a new integral boundary condition for the distribution of electrons scattered by a randomly rough surface with arbitrary values of the Rayleigh parameter. It is assumed that on the average the surface irregularities are gently sloping. It is shown how the results can be reduced to the limits of the Born and Kirchhoff approximations. It is shown that the reflection of electrons from a rough surface with gently sloping irregularities is always close to the specular case


Diablo Canyon Power Plant if owned and operated by Pacific Gas and Electric Company of California. The plant consists of two Westinghouse design pressurized water reactors (PWRs). Unit 1 began commercial operation in May 1985, Unit 2 in March 1986. Many personal computer (PC)-based engineering applications have been developed at the site to perform calculations required by plant operations and surveillance testing. This paper addresses the development and implementation of a PC-based system which collects and transmits data for meeting Technical Specification surveillance requirements on reactor core conditions.


At Crypto '84, Shamir originally proposed the concept of identity (ID)-based cryptosystems and signature schemes. In this paper, a new realization scheme of a cryptosystem based on this concept is proposed for which the common-key generation based on ID-information requires neither a public directory nor interactive preparation for communication.

For the principal operations of common-key generation it is necessary to compute powers of integers modulo the product of two large Sophie Germain (SG) primes. The basis for security, as in the RSA cryptosystem, depends on the computational difficulty of factoring this product into its constituent primes. In particular, as a realization of a cryptosystem of the new ID-based type, we permit the generation of nonsymmetric common keys and generate two different common keys for each pair of users. One key is used for enciphering and the other is used for deciphering when they are applied to a common-key cryptosystem. The result is a very secure realization of an ID-based cryptosystem which prevents both the disclosure of the center's secrets and a conspiracy by nonparticipants to forge a secret key between users since the exponent is nonsymmetric in the step before executing the exponentiation and it is a proper value between two users.


Objective: To analyze the pathogenesis,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of severe hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy(HDCP) and hypoproteinaemia(HP).Methods: We reviewed 25 cases of HDCP and HP treated in our hospital and compared and analyzed the perinatal and maternal outcomes,including pregnancy edema,serum albumin,delivery methods and the weight of newborns.Results: Severe HP was the main cause of pregnancy complications in severe PIH.Prompt correction of HP benefited both the neonate and the mother.Conclusion: Severe HDCP is usually complicated with severe HP.Prenatal correction and treatment of HP will be helpful for both severe HDCP mothers and the newborns.


In fastening technology, the behaviour of a fastener and its foundation are a very crucial point. Before introducing new fasteners, a manufacturer has to show that his product meets certain criteria. This is done by extensive testing both during the research phase and for the certificate of approval. Unfortunately, testing methods are very expensive and consume a lot of personnel and material resources. As in many other engineering areas, numerical analyses could support the manufacturer because they are easier to perform and cost less than lab testing. Unfortunately, accurate modelling of masonry structures is an almost unsolved task yet. This is due to the complex, almost infinite variety of brick models. This thesis is an ongoing research project whose aim is to establish a modelling tool for bricks and masonry structures, primarily for the research engineer. The computer program should allow for free parametrization of brick holes' position, cross section, application of grids, etc. A three-dimensional model is generated which can be transferred to meshing programs and can be used in FE-programs in consequence. This last step enables the research engineer to analyse the behaviour of a brick assembly or even a complete masonry structure. Besides FE-calculations, first studies at the Institute of Structural Engineering at the University of Applied Sciences, Vienna, have shown that a plate-approach for bricks is feasible for certain 2D applications. The 2D and 3D parametrization will make it possible to perform accurate numerical analyses which will then be compared and verified against formerly done tests.


A model system was established which could serve for the quick and reliable estimation of the possibility to use aromatic dyes in staining elastic fibers and lamellas. Specially prepared samples of aorta wall tissue (taken from the corpse material of a healthy male, aged 31) and model proteins (collagen and elastin) were stained with acid diazo-dyes applied in water solution, 70% ethanol and dimethyl-sulfoxide. The amount of bonded dye was determined quantitatively according to the difference in absorbance of dye solution before and after the sample staining. The results of colorimetric measurements clearly showed a good correlation between the chemical structure of dyes and their binding to substrate, thus indicating the possibility that this model system cuold be used for simple and quick choice of dye solvent as well as particular aromatic dyes which should be used for elastic fibers dyeing in light microscopy.


The author presents the specifications and design principles of a digital relay covering the global differential and volt/hertz functions for a generator step-up transformer unit. It is the second and last relay developed in the project for an integrated digital generator protection system at Hydro-Quebec. The design of this system is based on a number of premises: use of low-cost standard bus cards together with digital signal processors to achieve sufficient computing power, grouping of many protection functions in the same independent crate, and implementation of functional redundancy by distribution of the same function between at least two independent crates. It is estimated that the ultimate systems will cost less than existing generator protection systems and offer substantial benefits. >


Wireless body area networks (WBAN) is used to measure patients' health conditions continuously. Different kinds of sensors are required to measure health conditions. When such types of antennas are used on the human body, they are flexible with the movements. The usage of wearable devices is currently increasing in the biomedical field. The presented wearable antenna is suitable for biomedical applications. The presented ultra‐wideband (UWB) flexible parachute shape wearable antenna is fabricated on a jeans textile substrate. The prototype antenna has a −10 dB measured impedance bandwidth of 5800 MHz (7 to 12.8 GHz) with average radiation efficiency of 75.28%. The prototype antenna's size is 40 × 40 mm2 (1.32 × 1.32 λ02 at centre frequency 9.9 GHz) and a peak gain of 4.5 dB at 12.33 GHz. The fabricated antenna is suitable for biomedical applications in X‐band frequencies and can be implemented with a low‐cost manufacturing process. The radiating element is made by conductive copper tape. Muscle‐equivalent phantoms are used to analyze the body effect on antenna performance. The radiation effect emitted by the presented antenna on the human body is calculated by the specific absorption rate (SAR) value. The maximum SAR value of the proposed antenna is 1.84 W/kg at 12.33 GHz. This leads to promising results for wearable applications related to remote health care monitoring, such as biotelemetry and mobile health with a sensor‐driven approach.


Background: Patients with cancer is considered highly susceptible group to both nosocomial and community-acquired infections. Objectives: In the present research, we aimed to determine the rate of nasal and oral colonization and expression level of Als3p and mecA genes among Candida spp. and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in co-colonization and single colonization conditions. Materials and Methods: In total, 110 oral swab samples and 110 nasal swab samples were gathered from patients with lung cancer. The frequency of MRSA isolates (oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) was determined using the disk diffusion method. In addition, the frequency and expression levels of Als3p and mecA genes among MRSA and Candida spp. isolates were determined and compared using PCR and qRT-PCR methods, respectively. Results: Candida spp. and S. aureus were found in 42.7% (n=47/110), and 9.1% (n=10/110) of oral samples, respectively, while Candida spp. and S. aureus were found in 5.5% (n=6/110) and 16.4% (n=18/110) of nasal samples, respectively. Additionally, 55.5% (n=10/18) of S. aureus isolates obtained from nasal samples were MRSA. Candida albicans (n=23/110; 20.9%) had the highest frequency among Candida species. In all MRSA and Candida spp. isolates, the Als3p and mecA gene expression increased two and three times in co-colonization condition compared to single colonization condition, respectively. Conclusion: The present study revealed that co-colonization has a synergistic effect on the expression level of mecA and Als3p genes. Our finding suggested that co-colonization can facilitate the invasion of S. aureus and leads to systemic and severe infections in co-colonized patients.


Bipolar transistors with multiple emitters are used to achieve high currents and the maximum utilization of emitter area. The multi-emitter SiGe HBTs fabricated in a modified Si BiCMOS technology is studied in this paper. The heating and thermal coupling between the emitters of a multiple emitter SiGe HBT were measured along the emitter length. This measurement provides useful information about the temperature increases in multi-emitter devices and the emitter-emitter thermal coupling. Temperature dependence of the normalized emitter currents and power dependence of the monitored emitter currents were studied through experiments.


In June 1960, Alzada Kistner and her husband, David, a promising entomologist, left their 18-month-old daughter in the care of relatives and began what was to be a four-month scientific expedition in the Belgian Congo. Three weeks after their arrival, the country was gripped by a violent revolution, trapping the Kistners in its midst. Despite having to face numerous life-threatening situations, the Kistners were not to be dissuaded. An emergency airlift by the United States Air Force brought them to safety in Kenya, where they continued their field work. In An Affair with Africa, Alzada Kistner describes her family's African experience - the five expeditions they took beginning with the trip to the Belgian Congo in 1960 and ending in 1972-73 with a nine-month excursion across southern Africa.


The determination of actual glycosaminoglycan (GAG) concentrations in plasma after administration is a major problem in clinical monitoring, pharmacokinetics, and safety studies 1 of these drugs. Biologic methods based on the evaluation of the effects on some compo nents of the coagulation cascade do not reflect the actual concentration of GAGs and detect only some aspects of their activities. Coagulometric (such as activated partial thrombo plastin time [APTT] 2 or amidolytic (e.g. anti-Factor


The paper makes an exploration into the new demeanor of China's vocal art since China's reform and opening,and some unclear thoughts which need to be clarified.All over the world,China's vocal art is unique in that it does not have a single scientific singing standard.The paper also discusses how China's vocal art can stride to the world.


In this paper, Information Balance between supply and demand of information is considered. In general, differences between informational transmitter and receivers are often observed, and it is not so surprising in daily life. However, it would give serious influences for the receivers to make decisions about their next action in the emergency situations like disasters. In this paper, the government is assigned a role as the informational transmitter and the citizen have roles of the receivers. This paper is to find out supply and demand of information "Information balance" between government and citizens regarding Great East Japan Earthquake and Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant accident. Information from Government is picked up from tweets of @kantei saigai, official twitter account of Prime Minister's Office, and total 56 accounts whose profiles have some relationship to the affected area are collected as receiver. According to several analysis performance, we found out following three points. 1 There were information imbalance between government and citizens related to the affected area, 2 citizens required not only objective data about radiation but also impact and countermeasure for that, 3 citizens covered that information imbalance by following media twitter accounts providing prefectural and specific information.


We describe in this paper the theory and implementation of a differential pulse code modulation system that is employed in the Picturephone® network. Established and original coding techniques have been combined to allow transmission of a coded one-megahertz analog signal over a 6.312-megabit-per-second digital channel.


During NIPER's first year of operation, considerable progress was made in establishing a research program of the long-term high-risk character defined by the Department of Energy. In addition, the foundations were laid for an extensive program of research for industry and other governmental agencies. In this, the first of five annual reports to the Department of Energy, the scope of the program is shown and many contributions to technology are outlined. Because of the long-term character of the program, an appreciable amount of the effort has been devoted to building apparatus, and preparing for significant advances. This report is based on the Annual Research Plan for 1983-1984. NIPER is organized into three research groups: Energy Production Research; Processing and Thermodynamics Research; and Utilization Research. All papers, 33 in all, have been processed for inclusion in the Energy Data Base.


We present a query language called GraphLog, based on a graph representation of both data and queries. Queries are graph patterns. Edges in queries represent edges or paths in the database. Regular expressions are used to qualify these paths. We characterize the expressive power of the language and show that it is equivalent to stratified linear Datalog, first order logic with transitive closure, and non-deterministic logarithmic space (assuming ordering on the domain). The fact that the latter three classes coincide was not previously known. We show how GraphLog can be extended to incorporate aggregates and path summarization, and describe briefly our current prototype implementation.


The kinetics of adsorption and photodecomposition of the water polluting insecticide quinalphos (QP), in aqueous suspensions of TiO2 were evaluated under laboratory conditions. Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied to describe the adsorption process and the model proposed by Langmuir–Hinshelwood was used to illustrate the kinetics of the photodecomposition reactions of QP. The adsorption capacity of TiO2 observed to increase from 7.86 to 20.04 mg g with the increase in initial QP concentration from 5 to 25 mg L, respectively. About 45.8% adsorption of 20 mg L QP was observed in just 60 min at pH 6 with 5 g L TiO2 loading and 25 ± 1 ̊C temperature. TiO2 was found to have a maximum adsorption capacity of 23.7 mg g for QP. Photocatalytic treatment of 200-mL solution (20 mg L) under least harmful UV-A radiations (365 nm/30 W m) with 0.5 g L TiO2 loading gives nearly 89.67% degradation in 3 h. The photodecomposition rate of QP was significantly higher at slightly acidic conditions (pH 6). Increasing light intensity from 20 to 35 W m and aperture to volume ratio of the photoreaction from 0.515 to 1.327 cm mL shows a notable increase in the decomposition rate of QP. Formation of two complex intermediates (m/z 282 and 284) and a few smaller compounds (m/z 104, 108, and 149) were detected by the gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of the reaction sample after 3 h UV irradiation in the presence of TiO2. These intermediates were further dissociated to simpler hydrocarbons, possibly, by reacting with OH and O species.


Drosophila peripheral nerves contain motor and sensory axons surrounded by two layers of glia: an inner peripheral glia and an outer perineurial glia. Although it is known that intercellular signalling occurs among cells of the peripheral nerve, the effects of this signalling on nerve structure is incompletely understood. It was previously shown that growth of the perineurial glia is negatively regulated by five genes: ine, which encodes a putative neurotransmitter transporter, eag, which encodes a potassium channel, push, which encodes a large, Zn2+ finger-containing protein, amn, which encodes a putative neuropeptide with similarity to pituitary adenylate cyclase activator peptide (PACAP), and NF1, the Drosophila orthologue of human NF1. Single or various double mutants in any of these genes exhibit perineurial glial hypertrophy. We found that the Ras12A/Rase2f heteroallelic combination, which decreases Ras activity, rescues the thick perineurial glia phenotype exhibited in ine; NF1 double mutants. This result demonstrates that Ras activity is required for the effect of NF1 mutations on perineurial glial growth. We also expressed a constitutively active Ras transgene in an ine– background specifically in peripheral glia using a Gal4-UAS system. These larvae exhibited perineurial glia thickness comparable to that of ine; NF1 double mutants. Thus, expression of constitutively active Ras in peripheral glia mimics the effect of NF1 mutations on perineurial glial growth. These results demonstrate that Ras activity is both necessary and sufficient to activate perineurial glial growth in peripheral nerves and that Ras activity controls perineurial glial growth in a cell nonautonomous manner.


The use of generative systems has been widely investigated in the architectural design process through different procedures and levels of autonomy to generate form. The digression from abstract pre-existing notions of vocabulary and rules – even when resulting in emergent forms – to address complex real-world contexts is yet a challenging undertaking. This paper explores incorporating context in the process of designing using generative systems from ideation to fabrication, and explores the relationship between the emergent nature of generative design and the situated act of designing while using generative design tools. A course offered for 3rd year architecture students at the Department of Architecture, Ain Shams University, Egypt, was designed for this purpose. 110 students employed systems including shape grammars, L-systems, fractals and cellular automata, to design and fabricate 8 group projects. A discussion around emergence and situatedness is presented, with special attention to the designing process from ideation to fabrication.


The broad-line region (BLR) disappears in many low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (AGNs), the reason of which is still controversial. The BLRs in AGNs are believed to be associated with the outflows from the accretion disks. Most of the low-luminosity AGNs contain advection-dominated accretion flows (ADAFs) which are very hot and have a positive Bernoulli parameter. ADAFs are therefore associated with strong outflows. We estimate the cooling of the outflows from the ADAFs and find that the gases in such hot outflows cannot always be cooled efficiently by bremsstrahlung radiation. The ADAF may co-exist with the standard disk, i.e., the inner ADAF connects to the outer thin accretion disk at radius Rd,tr in the sources accreting at slightly lower than the critical rate (). For the ADAFs with Lbol/LEdd ≳ 0.001, a secondary small inner cold disk is suggested to co-exist with the ADAF due to the condensation process. We estimate the Compton cooling of the outflow, of which the soft seed photons either come from the outer cold disk or the secondary inner cold disk. It is found that the gas in the outflow far from the ADAF may be efficiently cooled to form BLR clouds due to the soft seed photons emitted from the cold disks, provided the transition radius of the ADAF to the outer cold disk is small [rd,tr = Rd,tr/(2GM/c2) ≲ 20] or/and the secondary small cold disk has a luminosity Lsd ≳ 0.003 LEdd. The BLR clouds can still be formed in the outflows from the outer cold thin disks, if the transition radius rtr is not very large. For the sources with Lbol/LEdd ≲ 0.001, the inner small cold disk is evaporated completely in the ADAF and the outer thin accretion disk may be suppressed by the ADAF, which leads to the disappearance of the BLR. The physical implications of this scenario on the double-peaked broad-line emitters are also discussed.


ABSTRACT African mahogany (Khaya grandifoliola) is a forest species with excellent wood quality. Due to the increasing demand for viable seeds in forest production programs, the storage capacity of this species must be evaluated. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the appropriate environmental and packaging conditions for the storage of African mahogany seeds. Initially, the water content of the seeds, germination rate, and seedling length were determined in two environments (cold chamber and laboratory), two packages (polyethylene and glass), and three storage periods (72, 144, and 216 d) as well as in additional treatment without storage. The variables analyzed during storage were water content, germination capacity, germination speed index, and seedling length. The experiment was conducted in a completely random design with four repetitions in a split-plot scheme and an additional treatment of 2 × 3 × 2 + 1. African mahogany seeds stored in a cold chamber (6 °C and 72% relative humidity) in a polyethylene packaging maintained their physiological quality for 216 d.


This paper deals with the existence and uniqueness of positive solutions to fourth-orderm-point boundary value problems with two parameters. The arguments are based upon a specially constructed cone and a fixed point theorem in a cone for a completely continuous operator, due to Krasnoselskii and Zabreiko. The results obtained herein generalize and complement the main results of [7, 10].


We have recently developed methodologies to assess the local distributions of alveolar ventilation and pulmonary perfusion using positron emission tomography (PET) with 13NN gas as a tracer. In order to quantify the true regional heterogeneity in lung function from these images, it was important to assess the contributions of noise caused by finite count statistics and by imaging artifacts. To characterize these artifacts we collected multiple images with different total number of counts from a uniform phantom labeled with 11CO2 and assessed their heterogeneity as the mean normalized variance of the pixel by pixel data. We developed a novel disc phantom made of open cell foam with a density comparable to that of the lungs. Images of this phantom were reconstructed with a Hanning filter set for different resolution lengths (L). The mean normalized variance of these images was found to closely follow a linear relationship with the inverse of the average number of counts per pixel and L-3 having an intercept that represented the heterogeneity caused by imaging and reconstruction artifacts.


Basing on platform of software LabVIEW developed by NI,combining with actual requirement of the proportional valve position control,this paper construct data acquisition and display system and design system configuration and program.This system can monitor movement of the hydraulic and store data.the whole system is optimizaed.


A broad picture is emerging of the role played by methyl internal rotation on intramolecular vibrational redistribution (IVR) among ring modes of the benzene ring and on IVR between the ring modes and the van der Waals modes of complexes. The studies are based on the benchmark system p-difluorobenzene (pDFB) for which IVR at 300 K from many excited electronic state initial levels has been characterized long ago by oxygen quenching (chemical timing) of fluorescence. Replacement of a fluorine with a methyl group to make p- fluorotoluene (pFT) provides the methyl internal rotation that has strong interaction with the ring. A view of the methyl rotor effect on vibrational predissociation (VP) is obtained by studies of van der Waals complexes between these aromatics and Ar. The VP characteristics are qualitatively changed when a methyl internal rotation is introduced onto the ring. VP from lower initial levels of the pFT complex loses the high vibrational channel selectivity that is the signature of all other aromatic complexes. Those changes are traced back to an IVR process involving both ring modes and van der Waals modes that precedes the dissociation.


Abstract We analyzed intraspecific variation in selected biological characteristics of five species of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. in southeast Alaska and adjacent areas of Canada with a particular interest in describing the variation among populations and suggesting conservation priorities to preserve existing variation. We identified traits that showed high levels of among-population variation, evaluated the interspecific consistency of variation patterns, and noted the relationship of these traits to potential adaptive variation. In addition, we graphically identified populations with distinctive phenotypic and demographic characteristics as outliers from the distribution of mean values of traits taken from populations throughout the region. We also reviewed allozyme surveys to identify populations that differed in terms of the geographic clustering patterns of allele frequencies. Approximately 9,000 salmon populations occur in the study area, and sufficient data were available from 2,062 (23%) of...


Cellulose is one of organic matters in the peat soil which was difficult to degrade. The degradation can be done enzymatically by cellulotic bacteria. The study was conducted from September 2012 to April 2013. The destination study was to determine genera of cellulotic bacteria which capable degrading the cellulose by the depreciation of crude fiber. The sampling plot was taken of Bansir Darat district in the Southeast Pontianak based on Wollum method. The bacteria were isolated by pour plate method and selected with cellulose hydrolysis method. Identification of bacterial isolates was adapted to Bergey's manual. Plate count method was used in the enumeration of bacteria, while the level of cellulose degradation was measured using Datta method. Sugar reduction of each genus was measured by Nelson-Somogyi method. Isolation results were obtained 28 isolates, after selected based on selulotic activity index obtained three best isolates (BS20, BS19 and BS17) of 3.2, 2.2 and 2.2. The identification result of three isolates was belonged to the genus Bacillus , Pseudomonas and Nocardia by each of number density was 64.3 x 10 12 CFU/g, 42 x 10 12 CFU/g and 42.2 x 10 12 CFU/g. Cellulose can be degraded was 50%, 8% and 18%. Sugar reduction was produced respectively at 0.017%, 0.043% and 0.019%.


The scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL) often has difficulty gaining recognition at a large research university. Through persistence, dedication, and our affiliation with the Carnegie Academy for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (CASTL) Affiliates program, Purdue University has begun to recognize SoTL as a valuable contribution to the university's mission. We explore the history and timeline of teaching and SoTL initiatives at Purdue University and how the university came to be a part of the CASTL Affiliates program. Finally, we discuss the challenges SoTL initiatives and proponents face in maintaining recognition at a university where research continues to be the main priority.


Son SK, Oh SH, Kim KM, Lee YJ, Jhang WK, Park SJ, Shin HJ, Park J‐J, Kim TH, Kim DY, Hwang S, Park K‐M, Lee Y‐J, Lee S‐G. Successful liver transplantation following veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in a child with fulminant Wilson disease and severe pulmonary hemorrhage: A case report.
Pediatr Transplantation 2011. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.


Antenna systems are an integral part of any transmitter-receiver device. A broad-band and frequency-independent antenna can be created applying a principle of electrical similarity. Its essence is that the electrical parameters of antennas remain unchanged if, with a decrease or increase in wavelength n times and, accordingly, decrease or increase the linear dimensions of the antenna elements. It is very important to guarantee the constancy of the antenna-radiating element's parameters in a sufficiently wide frequency range. Log-periodic, biconical and various types of helical antennas satisfy these requirements. Structurally, a log-periodic antenna is a complex structure consisting of a symmetrical two-wire or four-wire collecting line. Radiators of the same type are connected to it in a cross order. The paper presents results obtained on the basis of modeling the electrical parameters of wide-range log-periodic antennas of the decameter range with different shapes of radiating elements in the MMANA-GAL environment. The authors considered methods for constructing periodic structures of flat log-periodic antennas. The interrelation of their structural elements is presented. It determines properties of wide-range operation. The electrical parameters dependences of inclined log-periodic antennas on the structural differences of their radiating elements are investigated. The conditions for the vibrator and frame emitters application are substantiated while maintaining the range properties of the log-periodic structure.


〈Summary〉 This paper describes an attempt to build a 3D face model for an anthropomorphic interface that transmits an arbitrary combination of identity, various facial expressions, and gaze. It was done by combining a 3D morphable face model by which variations of 3D shape are represented in a small number of parameters and the Galatea face model by which facial expressions are generated. We also developed an eyeball model for visualizing eye movements to turn the gaze.


In this Paper,the coherent transport characteristics of electrons tunneling through a quantum dot are investigated.The conductance-voltage curve is obtained under taking into account the Coulomb interaction in the dot,also its physics meanings are discussed.


The objective of this work is to utilize neural network resources to determine the electrical characteristics of the ground. The data processing of the input and output is done by calculating the field strength of the surface wave, using the Bremmer and Van der Pol equations, to train a neural network simulator. From the results of the measurement of electric field strength of the outskirts of Belem and rural area, using radio stations with medium wave as transmitters, the following values of the ground parameters were found: 1.4 mS/m for conductivity and 15 for relative permittivity.


Israeli comedians who dare to make jokes around the Shoah run foul of their country's ultimate taboo: this is no laughing matter


To explain how the element of fire, after a prevailing association with antichristian attitudes such as atheism and heresy was gradually rehabilitated in early modern natural philosophy and began to be perceived as a providential agent of change, debates in medicine, natural history, chemistry and theory of matter have been called into consideration. Changes of perception toward fire and its meanings that took place in Jesuit natural philosophy and emblematics can provide additional explanations, especially if we focus on the reactions to Athanasius Kircher's ideas and representations of the Earth's central fire by authoritative confreres such as Pierre Gautruche, Honoré Fabri, Paolo Casati and Giovanni Battista Tolomei. At the edge of the natural philosophical domain, Franz Reinzer's Meteorologia philosophico-politica (1697) suggests that a reappraisal of the symbolic meaning of fire as a positive fervor capable of driving man to beneficial enterprises took place in Jesuit moral and didactic literature elaborating on Kircher's views and images propounded in his Mundus subterraneus. This notion of fire as a christianized agent, however, did not imply any concession to the innovative views on the matter of fire worked out by Seventeenth-century corpuscularists.


Electronic throttle system has gained considerable interests recently. High control performance of this system is essential for both safe operations and possible replacements of mechanical counterparts. However, several inherent obstacles exist for the controller design of such system. First of all, the electronic throttle body exhibits several high non-linear effects, such as stick-slip friction, black slash, and discontinuous spring, etc. Secondly, variations of system parameters due to product variability causes non-uniform system behaviour. This paper aims to design a model-based robust tracking controller for such system. The developed controller exhibits several unique features such as robustness to both parameter uncertainties and noise, elimination of current sensor, etc. Theoretical analysis is provided in conjunction with discrete control algorithm implementation on a reliable continuous model to verify performance of the method. The efficacy of the approach is clearly shown.


The preceding chapter discussed the microscopic, kinetic and two-fluid decsriptions of a plasma. But we would actually like a simpler model — one that would include most of the macroscopic properties of a plasma in a "one-fluid" model. The simplest such model is magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), which is a combination of a one-fluid (hydrodynamic-type plus Lorentz force effects) model for the plasma and the Maxwell equations for the electromagnetic fields. The main equations, properties and applications of the MHD model are developed in this chapter. In the first section, we further approximate and combine the two-fluid description in Section 5.5 to obtain a "one-fluid" magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) description of a magnetized plasma. Section 6.2 presents the MHD equations in various forms and discusses their physical content. Subsequent sections discuss general properies of the MHD model – (force-balance) equilibria (Section 6.3), boundary and shock conditions (Section 6.4), dynamical responses (Section 6.5), and the Alfvèn waves (Section 6.6) that result from them. Then, Section 6.7 discusses magnetic field diffusion in the presence of a nonvanishing plasma electrical resistivity. Finally, Section 6.8 discusses the relevant time and length scales on which the kinetic, two-fluid and MHD models of magnetized plasmas are applicable, and hence usable for describing various magnetized plasma phenomena. This chapter thus presents the final steps in the procedures and approximations used to progress from the two-fluid plasma model to a macroscopic description, and discusses the key properties of the resultant MHD plasma model.


A woman, aged 58 years, of "Tahitian descent", was a patient in anotherhospital, where she died. Becauseof a feeling of racial isolation the history was difficult to elicit. Nothing was known of her childhood. At the age of 18 years she was said to have been admitted to hospital two weeks before the birth of her first child. No details of this admission could be traced, but the pregnancywas normal. Six years later she had another normal pregnancyat the same hospital. Examination of her urine at that time showed it to have a specific gravity of 1'020; albumin was not detected. No other details were recorded. When she was aged 47 years, two grandchildrenwith whom she was closely associateddevelopedpositive Mantoux reactions. One of thesechildren had an opaqueareain a lung. About one year before her death the patient came under the care of her attending physician, complaining of weaknessof the legs and breathlessness on exertion. The blood pressurewas 160/120 millimetres of mercury. She had auricular fibrillation and oedema of the ankles. She respondedwell to treatment with mersalyl, with diuresis and loss of weight. Four months later she developed fairly sudden right-sided pulmonary consolidationwith fever. She was treated with a tetracycline and respondedwell, with resolution of chest signs and fever.


The agro-industrial complex of Ukraine is a branch of the national economy designed to ensure the production of sufficient food for the population at high quality. The basis of agricultural production is agriculture, the main subject of which is land. Today, agriculture in the country is experiencing a very serious problem associated with the rapid decline in potential soil fertility.

The main material wealth of the country is fertile soils - chernozems, which make up a significant part of the country. Chernozems are extremely fertile and rich in organic matter such as humus, which creates agronomic conditions for growing a wide range of crops of plant origin.

In recent years, a new direction in the formation of agriculture is emerging in the world, in fact, it is a new strategy based on the use of modern innovative tillage technologies and the development of combined units for their implementation. With such the latest trends in agriculture in the world, appropriate changes should be made in Ukraine, in particular the introduction of soil-saving and resource-saving tillage technologies.

The work is devoted to the development of a mathematical model of the process of operation of the tillage unit for tillage technology as Strip-till. In order to reduce energy consumption for tillage, preserve the main indicator of soil fertility - humus and rational aggregation of energy products with tillage units, promising ways to reduce based on mathematical modeling and analysis of relationships between elements.

The mathematical model of the process of operation of the tillage unit for the Strip-till technology in the technological system "Soil-unit-energy means" and the analysis of its intra-system dependences and connections are developed and substantiated.


The seminal Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The Classification of Educational Goals—Handbook I, Cognitive Domain (Bloom, Engelhart, Furst, Hill, & Krathwohl, 1956) represented years of collaboration by the Committee of College and University Examiners, and was the first of three volumes that together would become known as Bloom's taxonomy of learning (so named after Benjamin Bloom, the original committee chair). The work instigated a paradigm shift in education, though subsequent volumes addressing affective (Krathwohl, Bloom, & Masia, 1964) and psychomotor (Harrow, 1972) domains of learning "had much less impact" (McLeod, 1992, p. 576) on curriculum and evaluation. McLeod (1992) postulates that the lessened impact was a consequence of the affective domain's focus on internal constructs, which clashed with the behaviorist focus on observable behaviors. Since the publication of Bloom et al.'s taxonomy in 1956, there has been a proliferation of taxonomies of learning (e.g., Fink, 2013). Anderson and Krathwohl (2001) examined and incorporated features of 19 other taxonomies in their Revised Bloom's Taxonomy (RBT), while more recently Clarkson, Bishop, and Seah (2010) developed a five-stage taxonomy of Mathematical Wellbeing (MWB) by considering the original Bloom's taxonomy's (OBT's) cognitive and affective dimensions and adding an emotional taxonomy. This paper compares and contrasts the RBT with Marzano's New Taxonomy (MNT; Marzano & Kendall, 2001, 2007) with regards to the two taxonomies' treatment of domains of knowledge, cognition, affect and self, metacognition, and psychomotor procedures. It also discusses the uses of taxonomies and the application of the RBT and MNT to education.


Research activities in nonlinear science over the past three centuries are reviewed, paying particular attention to the explosive growth of interest in chaos, solitons, and reaction-diffusion phenomena that occurred during the 1970s and considering whether this explosion was an example of a "scientific revolution" or Gestalt-like "paradigm shift" as proposed by Thomas Kuhn in the 1962. The broad structure of modern nonlinear science is sketched and details of developments in several areas of nonlinear research are presented, including cosmology, theories of matter, quantum theory, chemistry and biochemistry, solid-state physics, electronics, optics, hydrodynamics, geophysics, economics, biophysics and neuroscience. It is concluded that the emergence of modern nonlinear science as a collective interdisciplinary activity was a Kuhnian paradigm shift which has emerged from diverse areas of science in response to the steady growth of computing power over the past four decades and the accumulation of knowledge about nonlinear methods, which eventually broke through the barriers of balkanization. Implications of these perspectives for twentyfirst-century research in biophysics and in neuroscience are discussed.


In this study, the integrated threat theory of prejudice was employed to examine Americans' and Mexicans' attitudes toward one another. According to the theory, four types of threat (realistic, symbolic, intergroup anxiety, and negative stereotypes) cause prejudice. These threats are thought to be caused in part by the amount and quality of intergroup contact. The results of two path analyses indicated that all four threats were significant predictors of attitudes in one sample or the other. Both the amount and quality of contact affected some types of threats. In particular, the quality of intergroup contact (voluntary, positive, individualized, and equal status) appears to play an important role in both intergroup anxiety and attitudes toward the other group.


We consider the design and potential benefits of peerassisted video-on-demand, in which participating peers assist the server in delivering VoD content. The assistance is done in such a way that it provides the same user quality experience as pure clientserver distribution. We focus on the single-video approach, whereby a peer only redistributes a video that it is currently watching. We first describe three natural prefetching policies for exploiting surplus peer upload capacity. We then study the performance of peer-assisted VoD using stochastic simulation and trace-driven simulation, with traces collected from the MSN Video service. The results of these simulations show that peer-assisted VoD, with the proper prefetching policy, can dramatically reduce server bandwidth costs.


This paper proposes a new image segmentation processing method using oscillator networks. Accurate image segmentation in the time domain is achieved by introducing a new double-threshold phase detection processing. We also propose LSI circuits for the oscillator network and the new segmentation processing using pulse modulation circuit techniques. As some of the circuit components of the original oscillator network can be used for the new processing circuit, very few additional parts are necessary, and the circuit area is almost the same as in the original model.


The electronic system histdict is designed as a tool for research, adequate presentation and popularization of a part of Bulgaria's cultural and historical heritage: the Bulgarian language and its medieval literature. The article describes the various steps in the development of histdict. Attention is paid to each component of the resource: specialized Unicode fonts, electronic diachronic corpus, dictionary of Old Bulgarian, historical dictionary equipped with tools for writing and editing dictionary entries, grammatical dictionary, prototypical search engine, and virtual keyboard. The article also lays out the principles followed in the development of the diachronic grammatical dictionary of the Bulgarian language.


e20534 Background: Pulmonary carcinosarcoma (PCS) is a rare subtype of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) which is highly aggressive and currently has no optimal treatment. Previous studies have shown that some potential markers for targeted therapy and immunotherapy have been detected in PCS patients. A few studies and cases have used microdissection to separate the carcinomatous component (CaC) and sarcomatous component (SaC) component of PCS and performed DNA-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) and confirmed that the two components are highly homologous. There are no studies yet to analyze the differences between CaC and SaC in PCSs from multiple aspects including DNA, RNA, and protein expression assays. Methods: 10 tumor tissues from 5 PCS patients were divided into CaCs and SaCs by microdissection, DNA-based NGS with a 520 gene panel, RNA-based NGS with a 115 gene panel, and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed on these samples. The same type of detection results for different components of the tumors were used for comparative analysis, and the overall DNA test results of the two components were used to compare with detection data of NSCLC and lung sarcoma in the TCGA database respectively. Results: No significant differences were found between CaC and SaC at both DNA, RNA, and IHC assays. The most commonly mutated genes in this cohort of patients were TP53 (10/10, 100%), KRAS (6/10, 60%), LRP1B (5/10, 50%), RBM10, PTPRT, AKT2 (both are 4/10, 40%). Notably, all the mutated genes detected were more similar to those detected in NSCLC rather than mutated genes commonly found in sarcomas. In addition, regardless of DNA or RNA sequencing, no landmark fusion variants were detected in the four available sarcoma tissues. Single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) was used to analyze the RNA results of the matched CaC and SaC of the three patients, no difference in RNA expression among different types of tissues in the same patient was found, but gene expression heterogeneity among the 3 patients was very high. IHC results showed that the positive rates of PD-L1, CD3 and CD8 in the 5 CaCs were 40%, 100% and 100%, while this value was 80%, 100% and 100% in the 5 SaCs. PD-L1 showed a trend of high expression rate in SaC tissues of PCS patients. Conclusions: This study showed that the CaC and SaC tissues of the same PCS patient were both highly homologous in terms of DNA, RNA and protein expression, but the RNA expression was highly heterogeneous among different patients. The landscape of genetic alterations revealed that PCSs are molecularly more likely to arise from NSCLC rather than lung sarcomas, which suggests that for these patients, it may be suitable to choose a treatment plan for the pathological type of the carcinomatous component.


A method of processing seismic data including pressure data and pressure gradient data to obtain gradients of moveout corrected pressure data, comprising applying a moveout correction function S7 to the pressure gradient data S6; and adding S8 a correction term S5 dependent on a moveout corrected S3 time-derivative S2 of the pressure data S1 and a spatial derivative of the moveout correction function S4. The method may be used prior to any data processing algorithm which uses pressure gradient data in which moveout correction is applied prior to the algorithm, either because the algorithm makes a zero offset assumption or because it is beneficial for the algorithm to operate on moveout corrected data to reduce aliasing.


We propose a fast coarse-to-fine video retrieval scheme using shot-level spatio-temporal statistics. The proposed scheme consists of a two-step coarse search and a fine search. At the coarse-search stage, the shot-level motion and color distributions are computed as the spatio-temporal features for shot matching. The first-pass coarse search uses the shot-level global statistics to cut down the size of the search space drastically. By adding an adjacent shot of the first query shot, the second-pass coarse-search introduces the "causality" relation between two consecutive shots to improve the search accuracy. As a result, the final fine-search step based on local color features of key-frames of the query shot is performed to further refine the search result. Experimental results show that the proposed methods can achieve good retrieval performance with a much reduced complexity compared to single-pass methods.


To understand and communicate research findings, it is important for researchers to consider two types of information provided by research results: the magnitude of the effect and the degree of uncertainty in the outcome. Statistical significance tests have long served as the mainstream method for statistical inferences. However, the widespread misinterpretation and misuse of significance tests has led critics to question their usefulness in evaluating research findings and to raise concerns about the far-reaching effects of this practice on scientific progress. An alternative approach involves reporting and interpreting measures of effect size along with confidence intervals. An effect size is an indicator of magnitude and direction of a statistical observation. Effect size statistics have been developed to represent a wide range of research questions, including indicators of the mean difference between groups, the relative odds of an event, or the degree of correlation among variables. Effect sizes play a key role in evaluating practical significance, conducting power analysis, and conducting meta-analysis. While effect sizes summarize the magnitude of an effect, the confidence intervals represent the degree of uncertainty in the result. By presenting a range of plausible alternate values that might have occurred due to sampling error, confidence intervals provide an intuitive indicator of how strongly researchers should rely on the results from a single study.


Concrete direct tensile strength is an important index of high concrete mechanics performance because it has a significant influence on concrete crack resistance and durability. In China, splitting strength and flexural strength are widely adopted to indirectly estimate the concrete direct tensile strength. But, it cannot reflect the actual concrete tension condition because of the splitting specimen's stress state [1] and bending specimen's stress gradient [2] , which make the specimen out of the axis tensile state [3] . I-shaped direct tensile experiment is widely used internationally for the high precision [4][5] , but the requirement for the testing equipment is very high, and some special tension devices [6][7] are needed. What's more, under this method, the formwork is very complicated and concrete dosages are very large. On the other hand, embedded direct tensile experiment was used for a while, but it's not been widely introduced because it's hard to center the rebar and the exsertion of the rebar would generate added moment to influence the test results [8] . By comparisons, embedded direct tensile experiment is easy to test the concrete direct tensile strength [9][10][11] . So if this method can be improved to make sure the rebar's centering and diminish the added moment, it would be a simple and rational method.


The equalizer is one of the core components of DVB-T receivers. In this paper, we propose a robust and low complexity equalizer that includes a 2D Wiener filter estimation unit and an equalization unit. The VLSI architecture of it is also given. Simulation results show that the proposed low complexity equalizer has high performance in static or low-speed cases and it will find its use in many wireless applications


This study aims at the meaningful system of butterfly image in modern Korean poetry through the exponential criticism. The meaningful category of butterfly image is divided into the ontological research, the intermediation of transcendence and the representation of reality cognition. The Butterfly imagery of Jeong Ji-yong, Jo Ji-hun, Kim Gi-rim's poetry heads toward the ontological research, and Hwang Gum-chan, Yun Gon-gang toward the mutability of life. No Cheon-myong, Lee Sang toward to death consciousness. The intermediation of transcendence is visualized into the presentation of free will and existence transcendence. Free will is expressed by the archetypal image of ascension which the butterfly has. Jeong Han-mo's baby image, Kim Gwan-sik's butterfly's dreaming, Choi Seung-gu's article sublimation are representative examples. Lee Seong-son has a dream about butterfly's ascension by universal imagination based on the pantheism. The representation of reality cognition is divided into division's situation and criticism of culture. Butterfly image of Pak Bong-u's poetry heads toward the inconsistency of division's situation with the imagery of hedgehog. Jo Hyang and Mun Deog-su visualize the butterfly image as culture's injury. They find the shadow of culture from the butterfly in war and street.


Let R be a ring optional, U be an additive subgroup of R and be twomapping in most of our study we will consider R is prime ring with characteristic not equal 2, and (σ, τ) functions equivalent automorphsem. The basic aim of this study Is the study of circulating Lieidealto Lie ideal mainstreaming some results at Lie ideal using theorems non-generalized for the purpose of circulating provable and the use of these proofs generalized to help prove theorems other non-generalized.We can prove a lot of non-generalized theorems on the subject Lie ideal by these theorems that have been circulated in this research. We have used in this research Results are as follows 1) Theorem (2.1).Let be a – derivation and be an derivation and be an -derivation. Such that where β is automorphisn of R. If is an ideal of R such that and Then either or or , . 2) Theorem (2.2)(In general). Let be – derivation and be an − derivation such that , Where is an outomorphism of R if s an ideal of R such that A ,


GILANG SATRIA BINANTO. 8323145373. Analysis Of PSAK No.16 About Fixed Assets And Its Presentation In Financial Statements At PT Indonesia Steel Tube Works. Program Studi DIII Akuntansi. Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Jakarta. This paper is motivated by the case still many companies that separate the cost of acquisition of fixed assets at cost of fixed assets acquisition and also the case of depreciation of fixed assets that are not in accordance with PSAK No. 16. This paper is written based on the results of interviews and supporting documents. The method used is descriptive research method on case study at PT Indonesia Steel Tube Works From the results of this study, it can be concluded that PT Indonesia Steel Tube Works in performing its fixed assets accounting is in accordance with PSAK No.16.
Keywords: PSAK No.16 And Conformity


Comprising a collection of chapters on the Indonesian economy under Abdurrahman Waid (popularly known as Gus Dur), this volume covers themes that include: overall political and macroeconomic stability; bank and corporate restructuring; and decentralization, corruption and socio-economic trends.


For the purpose of comparison the oil production from coal and coaly mudstone, three coaly samples (two coals and a coaly mudstone) from Turpan-Hami basin were pyrolyzed in conined gold vessels at a constant heating rate of 20 o C/hr from 250 o C to 600 o C. The generated liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons were collected and analyzed using a full suite of geochemical methods. It is clearly shown that even a coaly mudstone with poor quanlity (H/C, 0.77; HI, 146 mg/g TOC) is much more oil-prone than a good boghead coal (H/C, 0.82; HI, 260 mg/g TOC), not to mention a common coal (H/C, 0.75; HI, 199 mg/g TOC) (Fig 1). The maximum yields of C 6-14 and C 14+ from coaly mudstone are 50 mg/g TOC and 30 mg/g TOC, respectively, 2.7~6 times higher than those from coals. The results suggest that it is inaccurate to take coaly mudstone as coal during source assessment though they have similar hydrocarbon production parameters expressed as HI and H/C ratio. The absolute concentrations of chloroform extracts from coals in the Taibei Depression of Turpan-Hami Basin are much higher than the calculted coal-derived C 15+ yield determined from the results of laboratory artiicial experiments. By contraries, the chloroform extract concentration from coaly mudstone is greatly less than C 15+ yield. It suggest that almost all the oil generated by coal should not satisfy its adsorption and do nothigh to Jurrassic-reservoired oils proposed previously to have derived from coal measures (e.g. coals).Thus, the coaly mudstone, not coal, may have contributed to the coal-derived


Based on the theories of the possibility degree and the leaving degree of interval numbers,the paper establishes an uncertain multi-attribute decision model for logistics equipment procurement and combining with a case,discusses the method and steps of using the model to make decision.


The significant amount of medicinal chemistry information contained in patents make them an attractive target for text mining. The CHEMDNER task at BioCreative V focused on information extraction from patents. This manuscript describes our submissions to the CEMP (chemical named entity recognition) and GPRO (gene and related object identification) subtasks. Our CEMP submission is an ensemble of five open systems, including both versions of tmChem, our previous work on chemical named entity recognition. Their output is combined using a machine learning classification approach. Our CEMP system obtained 0.8752 precision and 0.9129 recall, for 0.8937 f-score. Our submission to the GPRO task is an extension of GNormPlus, our previous work for gene and protein named entity recognition. Our GPRO system obtained a performance of 0.8143 precision and 0.8141 recall for 0.8137 f-score. Both submissions achieved the highest performance in their respective tasks.


Abstract : Two methods of measuring two-way antenna patterns are discussed, both of which use portions of existing antenna pattern recording equipment as an electromechanical computer to simulate a two-way pattern. One of these, the Log Sum method, is tested on a two-way antenna system composed of four flush-mounted slots equally spaced around the circumference of a cylinder with a diameter of 11 wavelengths. A theoretical pattern is calculated by assuming that two of the slots transmit in-phase signals and the other two receive a return signal from an isotropic scatterer in the far field. This theoretical pattern is compared with an experimental pattern obtained at the NOLC antenna range. The good agreement of the patterns indicates that the Log-Sum method is valid and useful. (Author)


Stress transfer from concrete into steel is one of the fundamental mechanisms behind the significant ductility of reinforced concrete. Considering the low value of cracking strain of plain concrete, it is the stress transfer that takes place during debonding when the steel strain approaches the yield limit at a level which is an order of magnitude larger than the cracking limit of concrete. This technical note examines the difference of "tension softening" of plain concrete versus "tension stiffening" of reinforced concrete which describes the stress transfer mechanism from concrete into the embedded reinforcing bars. Using three-dimensional finite-element simulations the fracture energy arguments of Mode I versus Mode II are reexamined when the axial response behavior of plain concrete in tension softening is compared with that of reinforced concrete exhibiting tension stiffening in long and short tension members.


We review the current status of resolved X-ray emission associated with extragalactic radio jets and hotspots. The primary question for any particular jet is to decide if the X-rays come from the synchrotron process or from inverse Compton scattering. There is considerable evidence supporting synchrotron emission for knots in the jets of FRI galaxies. For FRII terminal hotspots detected in the X-ray band, synchrotron self-Compton emission continues to provide viable models with one possible exception (so far). Inverse Compton scattering on photons of the cosmic microwave background is indicated for a few powerful jets, and is expected to be an important contributor if not the dominating mechanism for higher redshift objects. The application of a model generally yields physical parameters and in many cases, these include the Doppler boosting factor.


Management of coronary artery disease (CAD) with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the setting of atrial fibrillation (AF) presents clinicians with the challenge of balancing thrombosis risk with bleeding risk. Major societies including American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA), Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) and European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guideline recommendations include the necessity to use antiplatelet therapy and anticoagulation for the prevention of thromboembolism in patients who undergo intervention with PCI who have concurrent AF. Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is the standard of care for patients post PCI, and anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists (VKA) or direct acting oral anticoagulants (DOAC) is the standard of care, with DOACS being recommended by ACC/AHA and ESC as preferred, for patients with AF and elevated ischemic stroke risk. Here, we review the contemporary major society guideline recommendations applicable for the use of triple therapy with dual anti-platelet agents and oral anticoagulant, in patients undergoing PCI who have concurrent AF. We also review and summarize the relevant historical primary literature related to the approval of antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy in PCI and AF respectively. Using a case description as a basis to illustrate this difficult clinical scenario, we review the contemporary literature, and present proposed management algorithms.


The invention discloses a hot-dip galvanized steel sheet with tensile strength higher than 1180MPa. The hot-dip galvanized steel sheet comprises chemical components of, by weight: 0.08-0.12% of C; 0.50-1.50% of Si; 1.80-2.5% of Mn; 0.1-0.8% of Cr; no more than 0.5% of Mo; 0.005-0.05% of Nb; 0.005-0.05% of Ti; 0.02-0.05% of T.Al; 0.006-0.02% of P; no more than 0.01% of S; and balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. A microstructure of a substrate is ferrite + martensite, wherein the content of martensite is 40-60wt%. Correspondingly, the invention discloses a manufacturing method of the hot-dip galvanized steel sheet. According to the invention, a unique hot-dip galvanizing annealing process is adopted, and the strength of the galvanized steel sheet is substantially improved.


In the context of a description of her career with examples from her work and experience, the author outlines Muslim women's ritual, spiritual, and intellectual scope in history, especially with regard to the contribution they made to the development of tradition and to theological thought. An insight is given into the current discussion of women's options for leadership in the Muslim community as teachers, counsellors, and mediators as well as in shaping the future.


The present invention relates to an apparatus surface of stiffness and damping stadium determined. The device user-friendly and easy to carry. For this purpose, the device according to the present invention comprises: a pad can be placed on the surface to be measured of the stiffness and damping; exciter, the input signal at an adjustable frequency bins impact pads; and a sensor means for detecting from the the output signal generated by the input signal, and determine the stiffness and damping value of the surface of the final output signal obtained under; characterized in that: the spring comprises two exciter manner opposite to each other vibration mass suspended by a weak spring exciter frame, the intermediate frame is supported on the pad through the guide exciter in the frame, so that unobstructed movement of the movable mass can only be a direction perpendicular to the pad, the elongated rod through the exciter mass and the intermediate work member, and a means for changing the quality of an elongated rod, wherein the frame by means of a force sensor and a guide member connected with the intermediate piece.


In the study of contemporary American politics the phenomenon referred to as the "decline of party" has aroused considerable debate. Many writing on this subject maintain that American parties have been in a long term and irreversible process of secular decline.1 Others hold that American parties have merely changed their role in the political system and although increasingly eliminated from presidential politics have developed considerably as national political organisations.2 This latter thesis has particular reference to the Republican party. The GOP has won four of the last five presidential elections, and has developed its national party organisation to a level of efficacy and sophistication unprecedented in American history.3 The cohesiveness of the Republicans in the early days of the Reagan administration led some to claim that Washington was experiencing something akin to party government:


PURPOSE: To obtain a polymer having a high elastic modulus and to improve creep resistance remarkably by producing an orientative ethylene polymer having a specified weight average molecular weight, ratio of number average molecular weight to weight average molecular weight and creep strain. CONSTITUTION: A crystalline or amorphous polymer having a weight average molecular weight of about 150,000-300,000, a ratio of number average molecular weight to weight average molecular weight of at the lowest 5 is produced at about 75-140°C. The copolymer is compression-molded at 160°C between copper plates into a dumbbell-shaped specimen. The room temperature creep strain after the specimen being held for 15 hr under stress generating initial strain of 1% after 10 sec is at the highest 3%. COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO


a squall line propagating at 14.0 m s -1 reached the metropolitan area of Sao Paulo at about 1200 utC (universal t ime) on 1 october 1997 causing heavy precipitation and strong wind gusts. Synoptic and mesoscale features associated with this system are analyzed through satellite imagery, weather radar, surface observations and numerical simulation. Satellite imagery indicates the squall line formed ahead of an advancing cold front and propagated perpendicularly to the cold front movement. Radar data analysis shows the system presented a symmetric shape with two distinct regions of precipitation: a convective leading edge and, a trailing stratiform precipitation area. analysis of the convective available potential energy (CaPe) and wind shear roles on the storm development points to two distinct stages: an initial one when CaPe dominated the scenario and a second one when wind shear was more relevant. the Regional atmospheric Modeling System is used in two-dimension simulation to study the dynamics and evolutions of the squall line. numerical results agree well with observational and radar data. Storm