The excellent physical and chemical properties of porous carbon materials allow them to be widely used in many fields. Their performance in a specific application is usually determined by structural features such as pore diameter, channel length, and architecture. In recent years, great efforts have been made to develop suitable carbon-based materials with short pores and/or hierarchical porous architectures, for use in transport or diffusion of guest objects by reducing pathways and resistance. In the present paper, we report on a novel carbon nanostructure constructed with a mesoporous core and a microporous shell. The mesopore walls are constructed of only a few graphene layers and can be controllably removed by a wetting oxidation reaction, which leaves behind hollow nanoparticles. These short-pore structures could facilitate the diffusion of molecules; they also show a very high and stable catalytic performance during the dehydrogenation of cyclohexane that is far superior to currently available long...


Image is degraded by several causes such as the process of acquisition, storage and transmission. To restore those images, many researches have been continued. Centrally methods to restore degraded image by AWGN(additive white gaussian noise) a.e mean filter and wiener filter. Especially, mean filter is superior in noise reduction of area that is a small change of luminosity. But mean filter brings about the effect smoothing edge components of the image, because it does'nt consider characteristics of the image. So in this paper we propose an image restoration method compounding respective images adding established weights, after filtering with mean filter and powerful wiener filter in both improvement of contrast and preservation of edge components.


Cellulose membranes were prepared and two methods were carried out to modify cellulose membranes: one is physical modification by immersing membrane in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and the other is chemical modification by Michael addition reaction with phenyl vinyl sulfoxide. The gas permeation performance of the modified cellulose membranes was tested. It was proved that both modification methods would bring little change to membrane structure, and the modified cellulose membranes still show very dense structure. Both modification methods would bring great improvements on SO2 permeation performance of cellulose membranes. The physically modified cellulose membrane has SO2 permeability coefficient as high as 6800 barrer, while that would decrease sharply with the losing of DMSO in membrane. The chemically modified cellulose membranes from homogenous solution containing DMSO have SO2 permeability coefficient about 1000 barrer with highly ideal separation factor over N2, and their SO2 permeability is very steady. It shows that the chemical modified membranes have great application potential for SO2 removal.


developed a set of procedures which seem to be better adapted to the entire group of herbivorous animals whose food habits require histological analysis. These methods were tested primarily in the study of cottontail rabbit food habits by droppings and stomach analysis. They were also tested in the similar analysis of stomachs of rodents of the genera Peromyscus, Microtus, and Mus, and on the droppings of several lepidopterous larvae.


A fully automatic common stock trading system has been developed. The system takes in daily price and volume data on a list of 200 stocks and 10 market indexes. A chaos based modeling procedure is then used to construct alternate price prediction models based on technical, adaptive, and statistical models. A self-organizing neural network is used to select the best model for each stock or index on a daily basis. A second self-organizing network is then used to to make a short-term gain-lose prediction from each model. These predictions are combined in a trade selection module to generate buy-sell-hold recommendations for the entire list of stocks on a daily basis. Finally, the trading recommendations are combined by a portfolio management utility to produce a set of risk-reward ranked alternate portfolios.<<ETX>>


A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of sulfur fertilization on the soil pH,the growth,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco(Zhongyan 100).Four sulfur rates(0.1,0.2,0.3,and 0.1 with 3.0 kg/m2 stillage) were used in this experiment.The results showed that:(1)The pH of root zone soil was significantly reduced by application of 0.1 to 0.3 kg/m2 sulfur,comparing with the control.The minimal reduction of pH was more than 0.3 units.(2)Thirty days after transplanting,compare with the control,the dry weight of root,stem and leaf increased 16%~37%,9%~28% and 17%~25%,respectively.Sulfur promoted the early growth of tobacco seedling root,and finally increased the dry matter accumulation of the plant.The yield and the ratio of superior and middle class of tobacco leaves were significantly increased at the sulfur application of 0.2 kg/m2 and 0.1 kg/m2 with 3.0 kg/m2 stillage,comparing with the control.(3)Sulfur increased total nitrogen of cured leaves,whereas it reduced the educing sugars/nicotine ratio.The sulfur application of 0.1~0.2 kg/m2 significantly increased total nitrogen and nicotine of cured leaves,and 0.1 kg/m2 sulfur with 3.0 kg/m2 stillage could had more remarkable effect.However,the application of 0.3 kg/m2 sulfur did not work well.The results suggested that sulfur could significantly reduce the pH of root zone soil,improve the growth,yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.The application of sulfur at a rate of 0.2 kg/m2 and 0.1 kg/m2 with 3.0 kg/m2 stillage were the effective way to ameliorate soil acidity and increase the yield and quality characteristics of flue-cured tobacco in alkaline soil.


Sentinel factors expressed on circulating cells monitor homeostasis and may initiate inflammatory signaling after injury. We identified Esophageal Cancer Related Gene‐4 (Ecrg4) as a candidate sentinel factor that resides on the surface of quiescent polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and responds to injury by releasing Ecrg4 protein from the cell surface. The objective of this study is to evaluate the kinetics of Ecrg4 release and the biological activity of Ecrg4 in chemotaxis migration assays. Peripheral blood was obtained from healthy volunteers and isolated cells were incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to characterize the release of Ecrg4 from the leukocyte surface. To establish the chemotactic potential of soluble recombinant Ecrg4, cells were subjected to in vitro migration assays using modified Boyden chambers. Ecrg4 was expressed at high levels on PMNs compared to other tissues surveyed, and is detected as a membrane‐anchored protein on the surface of resting PMNs. Exposure of cells to a dose curve of LPS led to shedding of Ecrg4 as determined by a reduction of Ecrg4+ PMNs and a concomitant increase in soluble Ecrg4 protein in conditioned media. Migration assays demonstrated that recombinant Ecrg4 increased the chemotaxis of primary fibroblasts. These results support a role for Ecrg4 as a novel chemokine expressed in a latent form on the surface of PMNs, and biologically active in a soluble form.


This Article begins by presenting the need for further investment in infrastructure and by explaining why sovereign wealth funds (SWFs) could help. It describes certain obstacles to realizing this goal, notably the lack of effective, specific regulation of SWFs. It then proposes a potential solution to this problem: host states and SWFs could enter into agreements providing that SWFs will abide by certain obligations and that any disputes will be submitted to the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) for settlement by arbitration. After describing the legal details of this proposal, this Article identifies and evaluates certain limitations and potential problems with it.


OBJECTIVES Atrial functional mitral regurgitation (AMR) in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients is less known. Although some studies showed that annular dilatation caused by AF is contribute to AMR, there is no data on the saddle shape and dynamics of mitral annular in AF patients. This study analyses mitral annular geometry and dynamic motion by 3D echo to discuss the property mechanism of AMR in AF patients.


The case is a 69-year-old male patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) for 21 years. His diabetic control was not so satisfactory, and his HbA1c value increased in spring 2021. Then, he started Xultophy (IDegLira), which includes a fixed ratio of two agents of basal degludec and liraglutide. Just after providing Xultophy, the daily profile of blood glucose decreased from 179-400 mg/dL to 112-171 mg/dL, with remarkable clinical efficacy. He usually takes 80g of carbohydrates in breakfast, and the meal tolerance test (MTT) was challenged. As carbohydrate loading was given 100-75-50-0%, postprandial hyperglycemia at 60-min showed 277-219-159-133 mg/dL, respectively.


This research aims at improving the narrative essay writing skills of elementary school teacher education students through Concentrated Language Encounter (CLE) learning activities assisted by short film learning media by employing a quasi-experimental nonequivalent group design. The subjects were all primary teacher education students in West Java, with a sample of 31 elementary school teacher education students in Cimahi City as the experimental class, and 31 Madrasah Ibtidaiyah teacher education students in Bandung City as the control class. The results of the post-test research showed that the average skill of writing narrative essays in the experimental class was 81.10, while the control class obtained an average of 66.32. While the test results of the average N-gain difference in writing narrative essay skills with 2-tailed sig were 0.000 with a significance level of less than 0.05. These findings revealed that there was an increase in the writing narrative essay skills of elementary school teacher education students through the application CLE Model assisted by short film learning media. This research is expected to facilitate lecturers/teachers to teach narrative essay writing skills by optimizing all language skills through the CLE model assisted by short film media.


Objectives [18F]9-fluoropropyl-(+)-dihydrotetrabenazine ([18F]-FP-DTBZ) positron emission tomography (PET) provides reliable information for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD). In this study, we proposed a multi-atlas-based [18F]-FP-DTBZ PET image segmentation method for PD quantification assessment. Methods A total of 99 subjects from Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University were included in this study, and both brain PET and magnetic resonance (MR) scans were conducted. Data from 20 subjects were used to generate atlases, based on which a multi-atlas-based [18F]-FP-DTBZ PET segmentation method was developed especially for striatum and its subregions. The proposed method was compared with the template-based method through striatal subregion parcellation performance and the standard uptake value ratio (SUVR) quantification accuracy. Discriminant analysis between healthy controls (HCs) and PD patients was further performed. Results Segmentation results of the multi-atlas-based method showed better consistency than the template-based method with the ground truth, yielding a dice coefficient of 0.81 over 0.73 on the full striatum. The SUVRs calculated by the multi-atlas-based method had an average interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.953 with the standardized result, whereas the template-based method only reached 0.815. The SUVRs of HCs were generally higher than that of patients with PD and showed significant differences in all of the striatal subregions (all p < 0.001). The median and posterior putamen performed best in discriminating patients with PD from HCs. Conclusion The proposed multi-atlas-based [18F]-FP-DTBZ PET image segmentation method achieved better performance than the template-based method, indicating great potential in improving accuracy and efficiency for PD diagnosis in clinical routine.


Background: S-303 (an acridine compound) treatment of RBCs inactivates a broad spectrum of pathogens. Two randomized, controlled Phase III trials of OSRBC to support patients (pts) undergoing cardiovascular surgery (CVS) or with hemoglobinopathies (HB) were in progress when antibodies (Ab) to OSRBC were detected. The specificity of these Ab was determined to be due to residual RBC-bound acridine. The S-303 treatment process was modified in an attempt to reduce immunoreactivity and immunogenicity. MSRBC show reduced RBC-bound S-303 and no reactivity with anti-S-303 Ab. Methods: Retrospective central laboratory testing was performed on all available trial pt serum samples (multiple time points for each pt). Crossmatch (CM) testing (PEG CM) against a minimum of 3 OSRBC units and the paired pre-treatment RBC segment was performed for each sample. CM was defined positive when reactive with any OSRBC, and consistent with anti-S-303 Ab when reactive with all OSRBC, but none of the paired pre-treatment RBC. CM-positive sera were tested for S-303 specificity with a CM inhibition assay using S-303 analogues and also tested for CM reactivity against MSRBC with a gel card CM test. All available baseline sera from trial pts, as well as plasma from 200 healthy blood donors, were also tested by gel card CM against OSRBC and MSRBC to determine prevalence of Ab reactivity to SRBC in absence of prior SRBC exposure. Results: Sera from 8 of 174 (4.6%) pts from both trials showed some CM reactivity with OSRBC. 4 were positive with all ORBC tested; and 4 were inconsistently positive, reactive with some but not all OSRBC. For the 4 pts (2.3%) with consistently positive CM, 3 had OSRBC exposure (HB trial) and 1 had only Control RBC exposure (CVS trial); 3 had positive CM with S-303 specificity. None of these 4 pt sera was CM positive with MSRBC. Only 1 of the other 4 pts with inconsistently positive CM tests had a CM test specific for SRBC (a Control CVS pt); sera from this pt were not reactive with MSRBC. 4 (1.8%) baseline sera from 220 trial pts (205 CVS and 15 HB) were CM-positive with OSRBC; only 2 (0.9%) were CM-positive with all units tested; none was positive with MSRBC. 3 of 200 (1.5%) healthy blood donor plasma were CM-positive with OSRBC; only 2 were positive with all units tested; none was positive with MSRBC. Conclusions: OSRBC were immunogenic in HB pts with prior chronic RBC exposure. Inconsistently positive CM to OSRBC without antigenic specificity for S-303 were detected with some pt sera; these results are under further investigation. Ab to OSRBC was detectable in sera of pts never exposed to S-303 treated RBC. Approximately 1% of pts and healthy blood donors had Ab that reacted with OSRBC. However, no sera with either inconsistent or confirmed CM reactivity to OSRBC were reactive with MSRBC. The MSRBC process eliminated CM reactivity to RBC treated with S-303 and offers the potential for pathogen inactivation treatment of RBC without immunologic reactivity.


We propose a QCD axion model that avoids the cosmological domain wall problem, introducing a global $SU(3{)}_{\mathrm{f}}$ family symmetry in which we embed the unwanted Peccei-Quinn (PQ) discrete symmetry. The spontaneous breaking of $SU(3{)}_{\mathrm{f}}$ and PQ symmetry predicts eight NG bosons as well as axion, all of which contribute to the energy density of the Universe as dark radiation. The deviation from the standard model prediction of dark radiation can be observed by future observations of cosmic microwave background fluctuations. Our model also predicts a sizable exotic kaon decay rate, which is marginally consistent with the present collider data and would be tested by future collider experiments.


This paper addresses the problem of unsupervised soft bit error rate (BER) estimation for any communications system, where no prior knowledge either about transmitted information bits, or the transceiver scheme is available. We show that the problem of BER estimation is equivalent to estimating the conditional probability density functions (pdf)s of soft receiver outputs. Assuming that the receiver has no analytical model of soft observations, we propose a non parametric Kernel-based pdf estimation technique, with Maximum Likelihood based smoothing parameter computation. We then introduce an iterative Stochastic Expectation Maximization algorithm for the estimation of both a priori and a posteriori probabilities of transmitted information bits, and the classification of soft observations according to transmitted bit values. These inputs serve in the iterative Kernel-based estimation procedure of conditional pdfs. We analyze the performance of the proposed unsupervised BER estimator in the framework of a multiuser code division multiple access (CDMA) system with single user detection, and show that attractive performance are achieved compared with conventional Monte Carlo-aided techniques.


This case report demonstrates that even in austere and remote environment (nearly the middle of the Atlantic Ocean), a severe medical case can be handled, but luck was probably part of the positive outcome.


One way of storing thermal energy is through the use of latent heat energy storage systems. One such system, composed of a cylindrical container filled with paraffin wax, through which a copper pipe carrying hot water is inserted, is presented in this paper. It is shown that the physical processes encountered in the flow of water, the heat transfer by conduction and convection, and the phase change behavior of the phase change material can be modeled numerically using the finite element method. Only charging (melting) is treated in this paper. The appearance and the behavior of the melting front can be simulated by modifying the specific heat of the PCM to account for the increased amount of energy, in the form of latent heat of fusion, needed to melt the PCM over its melting temperature range. The effects of adding fins to the system are also studied, as well as the effects of the water inlet velocity.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


We studied a female patient who presented with autosomal recessive or sporadic Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease type 1 (CMT1). We found that she had a 1.5‐megabase deletion in chromosome 17p11.2–p12 containing the peripheral myelin protein 22 gene (PMP22) and an Arg157Gly mutation of PMP22. Hemizygous mutation of PMP22 should be considered in patients with autosomal recessive CMT1 or with severe hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy. Ann Neurol 2000; 47:101–103


Objective
To study the effect of Mongolian medicine Senden decoction on IFN-γexpression of CIA model rats.

Methods
10 rats were randomly selected as the normal group.The other 50 SD rats were established CIA model,and were randomly divided into 5 groups:the model group,Mongolian medicine morito decoction of high, medium and low dose group,tripterygium glycosides group.At different time points,the arthritis index,immunohistochemical expression of IFN-γwere detected in the synovial cytokine,the protein expression of IFN-γin jaw joint was detected by Western blot.

Results
Mongolian Senden decoction could improve CIA rat arthritis index,improve the IFN-γpositive expression in synovial joints,reduce the expression of IFN-γprotein in the claw gamma,tripterygium wilfordii group and Mongolian senden decoction high dose group improved the most obviously,and there was significant difference compared with model group(FAI40d= 27.276,FIFN-γPositive= 32.654,FIFN-γprotein= 674.124,all P= 0.000).

Conclusion
Mongolian medicine Senden decoction can improve symptoms and IFN-γjoint inflammatory cytokine expression in rat CIA model,the effect of joint synovial membrane,and the positive control medicine tripterygium glycosides,but there is a dose-response relationship,and low doses of Mongolian medicine senden decoction high dose effect is better than that of medium and low dose.

Key words:
Arthritis,Experimental; Models,Animal; Interferon-gamma


Vehicular communication networks (VCNs) have been widely recognized as promising solutions to support safety-related applications in urban transportation systems. However, constructing and maintaining such networks is quite challenging due to the complex traffic and communication environment. Substantial studies have focused on the design of the networking schemes and message dissemination protocols. Nonetheless, most existing designs only consider the connectivity and rapid end-to-end transmission, regardless of the network coverage and duration. In this article, we propose a novel temporary warning network (TWN) for safety message dissemination in the urban traffic environment, in which both the spatial distribution and temporal duration of the networking scheme are taken into account. Specifically, TWN is constructed by the selection of relay vehicles based on the spatiotemporal correlation of vehicle trajectory so that the safety message can be quickly disseminated within the Regions of Interest (RoIs). To maintain TWN during an accident, a reselection mechanism is also proposed, which enables newly come vehicles in the RoI to receive the messages in time. Finally, we conduct extensive numerical experiments to validate the effectiveness of our method in various traffic scenarios.


The presented results show that the simulation with a modern simulation tool using methods of moments agree very well with the measurements of a prototype. Furthermore it is shown that the monostatic RCS of a UHF DF antenna can be successfully reduced without degrading the DF performance


The invention provides a Chinese medicine and a preparation method for treating urinary tract infection. The invention takes pig mane grass and lychee grass as the pharmaceutical raw materials, or matched with part or all of a plantain, sarissa herb and Chinese corktree. Compared with the prior technology, the Chinese medicine provided by the invention has the effect of clearing heat and promoting diuresis, inducing diuresis for treating stranguria. The invention not only has good curative effect for urinary tract infection caused by accumulated damp-heat, but also prevents repeated outbreaks without producing significant side effects and drug resistance, which is a safe, effective, quality controllable new Chinese medicine, and worth clinical application and promotion.


Objectives The hypotheses tested are that healthy late preterm (LP) children receiving Medicaid benefits use more healthcare services from birth to 6 years than do full-term (FT) children and that those who make the recommended number of early and periodic screening, diagnosis, and treatment (EPSDT) visits in the first 2 years require fewer services than those with fewer visits. Methods Data represent all of the health encounters for a 6-year birth cohort (1996–2001) of LP and FT children in South Carolina continuously enrolled in Medicaid birth to 6 years (N = 25,940). Associations were examined between making the recommended number of EPSDT visits in the first 2 years and sick-child office visits, emergency department (ED) visits, hospital admissions and hospitalizations, and ED visits for ambulatory care–sensitive conditions (ACSCs). Results LP children used more sick-child office visits and hospital admissions (P < 0.001) from birth to 6 years than FT children. LP children with at least the recommended number of EPSDT visits had a greater adjusted rate of sick-child office visits (rate ratio 1.62, confidence interval 1.30–2.02) and a lower adjusted rate of ACSC ED visits (rate ratio 0.79, confidence interval 0.65–0.96) than those making fewer visits. Making the recommended number of EPSDT visits did not affect rates of non-ACSC ED visits or of hospitalizations. Conclusions LP children use more healthcare services in the first 6 years of life than do FT children, and those making the recommended number of EPSDT visits may shift some of their healthcare provision from the ED to providers' offices.


This report describes fuel cell research and development activities at Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) during the period July through September 1984. These efforts have been directed toward seeking alternative cathode materials to NiO for molten carbonate fuel cells. Particular emphasis has been placed on studying the relationship of synthesis and sintering conditions on the resistivity of doped and undoped LiFeO/sub 2/ and Li/sub 2/MnO/sub 3/ and on achieving a better understanding of the crystalline defect structures of phases that are thermodynamically stable at 1- and 10-atm pressure. To this end, several experimental assemblies (including synthesis, solubility, and sintering vessels and a high-pressure thermogravimetric analyzer) have been constructed to permit 10-atm operation. Methods to improve the corrosion resistance of stainless steel components in ion-migration test cells are under assessment. A study to provide improved understanding of anode creep and densification occurring under fuel cell conditions is under way. 1 ref., 15 figs., 5 tabs.


City Branding is ane of efforts to compete in this globalization era. Regarding this, Malang City has done an effort of pictorial mark or brand identity by using mascot. Mascot can display interesting visuals and give meaning in accordance with the purpose of the city branding of Malang city. The mascot which was inaugurated last December is expected to represent the vision of the city branding concept of Malang City. However, some parties are still questioning the suitability of the mascot as a reflection of the people of Malang. Some argue that the color of this mascot resembles the color of the mascot of the football club Surabaya Persebaya. To examine this mascot deeper, this study uses the Semiotics method in assessing the implicit signs of the mascot. Semiotic theory used is the theory of Roland Barthes in dissect sign codes. Then the sample of visual mascot was downloaded from the official website maskot malang, namely Osidanji.com. The findings show that the figure of lions and birds of war on the mascot is considered appropriate because the lion as a leader is considered capable of being a role model for cities in eastern Java. Furthermore, the green color used in the mascot has nothing to do wuth the sign of Persebaya. The meaning of the green color of the mascot implies beauty, fertility and hospitality.


The literature suggests that relative gas-vesicle volume and metabolic activity differ between individuals within natural populations of cyanobacteria. We demonstrate, using flow cytometry and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) conversion rates, that individual relative gas-vesicle volumes differed by 6.7- and 4.6-fold, and individual cell photosynthetic rates ranged from 0.026 to 0.127 and from 0.075 to 2.415 fmol O 2 cell -1 min -1 within phosphorus-starved and phosphorus-replete Microcystis aeruginosa populations, respectively. The observation that there is considerable heterogeneity in gas-vesicle volume and cell metabolic activity in cultured populations suggests that this could also contribute to heterogeneity in buoyancy of field populations.


Objective: To determine the prevalence of completion of advance directives (ADs) and wills by South Australians aged 15 years and over.


Objective To investigate the influencing factors of esophageal squamous cell cancer( ESCC) in males of Feicheng City,a high ESCC incidence area of Shandong Province,China. Methods In a high incidence community of ESCC,a cohort of residents aged from 40 to 69 were examined for esophageal lesions. The case group included 64 male cases of ESCC diagnosed by staining endoscope and pathogenic examination and 116 male inpatients of Feicheng People' s Hospital,and 220 males with normal esophageal mucosa determined by gastric endoscope served as the control group. The associations of family history of esophageal cancer,smoking and drinking with esophageal cancer were analyzed,and OR and 95% CI were used as the association indicators. Results Age and education level were regarded as adjusting factors. No significant association was found between family history of esophageal cancer and ESCC. When smoking index = 0 was used as the base line( OR = 1. 0) ,the OR was 1. 552 ( 95% CI: 0. 844-2. 851) and 2. 273 ( 95% CI: 1. 248-4. 142) for smoking index 550 and ≥550 respectively; when drinking index = 0 was used as the base line ( OR = 1. 0) ,the OR was 2. 887 ( 95% CI: 1. 468-5. 679) and 3. 281 ( 95% CI: 1. 780-6. 045) for drinking index 130 and ≥130 respectively; when no-smoking and no-drinking was used as the base line( OR =1.0) ,the OR was 2.907 ( 95% CI: 1. 372-6. 162) for both smoking and drinking. Conclusion Smoking and drinking are risk factors of ESCC for males with dose-effect relationships,and there is synthetic effect between smoking and drinking on esophageal cancer. Abstinence from smoking and drinking has important preventive effect against esophageal cancer in high incidence areas of ESCC.


Abstract : Methods of experimentally determining the transport properties of high temperature gases have been developed and measurements of viscosity, thermal conducitvity, and diffusion coefficients obtained. The heat transfer rate through laminar boundary layers, the absorption of sound, and a schlieren method have been investigated for the determination of transport properties. Heat transfer measurements on the side wall of the shock tube have been used to obtain viscosities of argon, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide up to 4000 K. The boundary layer equations were solved for side wall boundary layers in the shock tube in oxygen to assess the relative importance of viscosity and thermal conductivity in heat transfer to the side wall. Thermal conductivities were deduced from end wall heat transfer measurements in carbon dioxide up to 2000 K and oxygen up to 4000 K. End wall heat transfer measurements in nitrogen and argon have been compared to theory with excellent agreement. Various methods for measuring ultrasonic absorption are discussed. The viscosity of argon at temperatures up to 8000 K were determined with the ultrasonic method. Diffusion coefficient in 50-50 He-Ar mixtures have also been obtained from the ultrasonic measurements at room temperature with excellent agreement with other investigators. The theory of a schlieren method for the measurement of thermal conductivity using the end wall boundary layer in the shock tube is discussed. (Author)


One to two ppm of Pyronyl Crop Spray (Pyronyl) effectively controlled larvae of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Skuse). The mean LT 99 was 35.8 hrs for 1.0 ppm and 2.3 hrs for 2.0 ppm Pyronyl. Pyronyl concentrations of 0, 0.062, 0.125 and 0.25 ppm resulted in similar time to the LT 99 (greater than 200 hrs). Pyronyl mixed in the nutrient solution at 1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 ppm did not reduce the mean head weight of lettuce grown in the nutrient solution for 5 weeks. Pyronyl at these concen- trations did not affect root weight at 1.25 and 2.5 ppm, but a slight reduction in root weight was observed at 5.0 ppm. Based on these results, Pyronyl is an effective com- pound for commercial non-circulating hydroponic lettuce growers to use against A. albopictus. Growers typically add approximately 4.0 L of nutrient solution per plant, utilizing this approximation, 1.0 ml of Pyronyl solution per 125 plants would provide A. albopictus control.


Coastal flooding is one of the serious problems facing most coastal areas in the world. On January 17 and December 7, 2021, coastal flooding hit the coastal area of Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The disaster disrupted economic activities on the coast of Manado Bay. This study analyzed the dynamics of the atmosphere and the sea during coastal flood events using water level data from the Geospatial Information Agency, which was then filtered to separate residual and atmospheric tide, and oceanographic reanalysis data of Wavewatch-III from BMKG Ocean Forecast System (OFS). The results show that events on January 17 and December 7, 2021, coincided with the occurrence of the maximum tide. The residual water level shows a significant value of around 0.2 – 0.3 m, indicating the influence of atmospheric phenomena on sea level rise. According to oceanographical data, the local wind is the main factor of flood occurrence, which is shown by wind speed data which increased wave height significantly to 1,5 m on January 17, 2021, and to 2,0 m on December 7, 2021, around Manado Bay coast. Another factor that might contribute to the event is Manado's land morphology. Further study must be conducted to discover the influence of land morphology on coastal floods.
Keywords: Coastal flood; Water level; Tide

Copyright (c) 2023 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License


Potassium-ion-doped MnO2 has been successfully synthesized using the hydrothermal method, and the influence of the doped potassium ions on the electrical conductivity and permittivity is studied. X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electron-probe micro-analysis, and a vector network analyzer are used to perform characterization. The densities of states of doped and undoped MnO2 tunnel structures are also discussed based on first-principles calculations. Results show that the conductivity and dielectric resonance of MnO2 can be elevated by means of K+ doping. The conductivity of K+-doped MnO2 prepared at different reaction times shows a decreasing trend and is generally 1 order of magnitude higher than that of pure MnO2. The electrical conductivity of K+-doped MnO2 (R3) shows the highest value of 3.33 × 10−2 S/cm at the reaction time of 24 h, while that of pure MnO2 is 8.50 × 10−4 S/cm. When treated with acid, the conductivity of samples remains basically stable along with the increase of treatment time. In addition, acid treatment plays a very significant role in controlling the amount of K+ ions in crystals. The K+ contents of acid-treated samples are 5 times lower than that of the untreated R1. The dielectric losses of the samples with different reaction times are enhanced markedly with frequency increment. The complex permittivity of pure MnO2 only exhibits a resonance at ∼12 GHz, while K+-doped MnO2 exhibits another resonance behavior at ∼9 GHz. The capacity of the dielectric property in the net structure is enhanced by the interfacial polarization, dielectric relaxation, multiple internal reflections, and multiple scattering benefiting.Potassium-ion-doped MnO2 has been successfully synthesized using the hydrothermal method, and the influence of the doped potassium ions on the electrical conductivity and permittivity is studied. X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, electron-probe micro-analysis, and a vector network analyzer are used to perform characterization. The densities of states of doped and undoped MnO2 tunnel structures are also discussed based on first-principles calculations. Results show that the conductivity and dielectric resonance of MnO2 can be elevated by means of K+ doping. The conductivity of K+-doped MnO2 prepared at different reaction times shows a decreasing trend and is generally 1 order of magnitude higher than that of pure MnO2. The electrical conductivity of K+-doped MnO2 (R3) shows the highest value of 3.33 × 10−2 S/cm at the reaction time of 24 h, while that of pure MnO2 is 8.50 × 10−4 S/cm. When treated with acid, the conductivity of samples remains basically stable along with the increase ...


Method of assembling a wind turbine and wind turbine mounted according to said process. The object of the invention is a method of assembling a wind turbine comprising a tower, a nacelle and a rotor by using suitable means achieves an increase in the speed of execution of the assembly of a wind turbine and therefore a wind farm composed of several wind turbines. It is also an object of the present invention the wind turbine mounted by the above procedure.


The Paper gives particulars of regularities observed in the spectrum of tin corresponding to the trebly-ionised stage of the element. Pairs of sharp and diffuse series are discovered which converge to a common limit with a sixteen-fold value of the Rydberg constant. The fundamental and super-fundamental series doublets are also indicated. Term values are evaluated from the related system of members by assuming a value for the term "G." Great efforts have been made in the determination of the wavelengths of the lines of the tin spark spectrum. The plates were finally measured from spectra taken in the second order of a 5-ft. concave grating and an accuracy to about 0.05 A.U. is claimed. The experimental method of sorting out the lines due to this high stage of ionisation (Sn IV) is the same as that adopted previously by the writer in the case of Sn, Ga, In.


The purpose of this note is to give some properties of a quasiextremal distance domain in a Q-Ahlfors regular Loewner space. In the first part of this note, we recall certain properties about domains and balls in a geodesic space that have been proved in [2]. Next, we shall introduce the notion of weakly quasiconformal accessibility. Gehring and Martio have introduced the class of quasiextremal distance domains in the euclidean case. They proved that a quasiextremal distance domain is linearly locally connected and hence, locally connected on the boundary. We shall prove that, in a locally path connected and Q-Ahlfors regular Loewner space, a bounded quasiextremal distance domain is locally connected and weakly quasiconformal accessible on the boundary. Finally, we deal with the extension theorem to boundary for quasiconformal mappings on domains in Q-Ahlfors regular Loewner spaces, when one of the domains is a quasiextremal distance domain.


A new surface micromachining process for surface tension powered self-assembly of silicon-based microstructures is described. Mechanical parts are formed from bonded silicon-on-insulator material and rotated out-of-plane by melting photoresist pads at tow temperature. Simple mechanisms that allow accurate control of the final angle are introduced and used to construct fixed 45/spl deg/ mirrors and scanning mirror assemblies.


When Irrigation Department Director, Dr Alfred Dale Lewis, explored the lower reaches of the Orange River in December 1913 he walked most of the 400 km-long journey in one of the hottest years on record. Now nearly a century later, three young researchers of the University of Cape Town (UCT) have completed a similar adventure, traversing South Africa's mightiest river in kayaks from its source in the Lesotho mountains to its mouth on the West Coast of South Africa. Lani van Vuuren caught up with them following the completion of their 2 000-km journey.


The phenomenology and the concept of unambiguity in linguistics in comparison of the same aspects of accuracy are under investigation. The effect of the difference between accuracy, on the one hand, and ambiguity, on the other, is demonstrated by the example of the analysis of the texts of the legislative framework of Ukraine, namely, by analyzing of Article 4 of the Constitution of Ukraine. The use of the theory of semantic states and the apparatus of hyperchains in lexicographic structures made it possible to formally accurately fix the semantics of linguistic constructions in the studied contexts. Therefore, the concepts of accuracy and unambiguity should be distinguished when conducting semantic analysis. Accuracy here means the most accurate definition of all lexical meanings, semantic states and their superpositions in which the analyzed token can function. The necessity of creating the State Linguistic Corpus of Legislative Acts and the State Thesaurus of Ukraine was emphasized.


ABSTRACT The night-time light (NTL) data from Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite's Day/Night Band (VIIRS-DNB) onboard Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) spacecraft available since April, 2012 have successfully addressed some of the limitations of Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Operational Linescan System (DMSP-OLS), owing to improved radiometric and spatial resolutions and onboard calibration. Earlier, DMSP-OLS NTL images majorly contributed for understanding the spatio-temporal dynamics of socio-economic factors such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and Electric Power Consumption (EPC), but the problem of saturated pixels and blooming effect affected the correlation with sum of lights (SOL). In the present study, we evaluate different methods to generate the annual VIIRS-DNB NTL composites from available monthly products for estimating EPC at different scales, and compare their performance with DMSP-OLS annual composites. The VIIRS-DNB annual NTL composites are prepared using various statistical measures, seasonal decomposition and principal component analysis (PCA). The SOL derived from these composites were analysed with respect to EPC at Zonal and Electricity Distribution Company (DISCOM) levels in the Uttar Pradesh State of India to identify the most appropriate annual representation of NTL from VIIRS-DNB. It is found that the annual composites prepared using PCA method provide the best results at both Zonal and DISCOM levels. Further, VIIRS-DNB annual NTL composites perform better than the DMSP-OLS composites. At the Zonal level, some of the highly populated and fully electrified Zones exhibit a distinct SOL-EPC relationship, attributable to enhanced power consumption by indoor equipment and industrial activities, which is not captured by satellite. Finally, empirical EPC prediction models are developed based on time-series VIIRS-DNB data from 2013 to 2017, which will help understanding the EPC patterns at regional level in the State of Uttar Pradesh.


methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM). Control of instrumental performance was assessed after moderate training (3 sessions) by pairing the outcome with nausea-inducing lithium chloride before testing in extinction. Both MAM-exposed rats and sham controls decreased their responding for the devalued reward compared with rats for which the reward was not devalued. We conclude that MAM-exposed animals were unimpaired in their ability to use internal representations of outcome value to flexibly control ongoing behaviour. References: Killcross S, Coutureau E (2003). Coordination of actions and habits in the medial prefrontal cortex of rats. Cerebral Cortex 13:400–408. Nelson A, Killcross S (2006). Amphetamine Exposure Enhances Habit Formation. The Journal of Neuroscience 26:3805–3812.


This paper reports on the integration of thick carbon-polydimethylsiloxane (C-PDMS) electrodes in microfluidic systems for electrokinetic operations. The C-PDMS material, obtained by mixing carbon nanopowder and PDMS, preserves PDMS processing properties such as O2 plasma activation and soft-lithography patternability in thick or 3D electrodes. Conductivity in the order of 10 S m−1 was reached for a carbon concentration of 25 wt%. To evaluate the adhesion between PDMS and C-PDMS, we prepared bi-material strips and carried out a manual pull test. The cohesion and robustness of C-PDMS were also evaluated by applying a large range of electric field conditions from dc to ac (300 kHz). No damage to the electrodes or release of carbon was noticed. The use of such a material for electrokinetic manipulation was validated on polystyrene particles and cells. Here, we demonstrate that C-PDMS seems to be a valuable technological solution for electrokinetic in microfluidic and particularly for biological applications such as cell electrofusion, lysis and trapping, which are favored by uniform lateral electric fields across the microchannel section.


Object category detection with large appearance variation is a fundamental problem in computer vision. The appearance of object categories can change due to intra-class variability, viewpoint, and illumination. For object categories with large appearance change a sub-categorization based approach is necessary. This paper proposes a sub-category optimization approach that automatically divides an object category into an appropriate number of sub-categories based on appearance variation. Instead of using a predefined intra-category sub-categorization based on domain knowledge or validation datasets, we divide the sample space by unsupervised clustering based on discriminative image features. Then the clustering performance is verified using a sub-category discriminant analysis. Based on the clustering performance of the unsupervised approach and sub-category discriminant analysis results we determine an optimal number of sub-categories per object category. Extensive experimental results are shown using two standard and the authors' own databases. The comparison results show that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.


This solitary artist is a character more celebrated in fiction than recognised in everyday life. Few writers have the sort of resources required for much solitude. For most of us, the best we can do is score a month's residency at Varuna; cultivate the habit of early rising to snatch a couple of hours before family and employers intrude; or treat ourselves to an occasional long weekend in a hotel, alone with a laptop: that's as good as it gets.


Introduction: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) is the sole curative therapy for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Several studies have addressed the efficacy of bridging therapy before allo-SCT including hypomethylating agents, combination chemotherapy (e.g. induction chemotherapy regimen for acute myeloid leukemia [AML]), and low-dose chemotherapy. However, these studies were retrospective, so selection bias was unavoidable, and the optimal bridging therapy prior to allo-SCT remains unclear. We analyzed the bridging therapy and outcomes of patients with MDS registered in a prospective observational study, the JALSG-AML/MDS/CMML Clinical Observational Study-11 (CS-11). Methods: We studied 393 patients with MDS-refractory anemia with excess blasts (MDS-EB) ≤70 years old at registration for CS-11 between 2011 and 2016. We collected new data using an online survey software program (Survey Monkey ®) and analyzed these data following their integration into the CS-11 data. This study was approved by the ethical committee of Kanazawa University (No. 2018-227) and all participating institutions. Results: A total of 371 patients (94.4%) had additional data available and who were included in this study. The median age of the patients at registration of CS-11 was 64 (range: 16-70) years, and 279 (75.2%) were male. The patients' cytogenetic subgroups were divided into very good (n=3 [0.8%]), good (n=117 [31.5%]), intermediate (n=60 [16.2%]), poor (n=35 [9.4%]), very poor (n=148 [39.9%]), and missing data (n=8 [2.1%]), according to Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R). A total of 188 patients (50.7%) were considered for allo-SCT at the diagnosis of MDS-EB, and 141 patients (75.0%) underwent allo-SCT, whereas 181 (48.9%) patients were not considered for allo-SCT at their diagnosis. The overall survival (OS) of the patients considered for allo-SCT at their diagnosis was significantly higher than that of the patients who were not considered for allo-SCT (3-year OS, 33.7% vs. 13.9%, P<0.001). The Cox regression analysis identified consideration for allo-SCT at the diagnosis, performance status, and cytogenetic subgroup according to IPSS-R as independent factors that affect the OS. In an intention-to-treat analysis, bridging therapy included azacytidine (n=90 [50%]), combination chemotherapy such as induction chemotherapy regimen for AML (n=33, [18%]), and low-dose chemotherapy (n=12 [7%]), while 32 patients (18%) received allo-SCT without bridging therapy. There was no correlation between the various bridging therapies and the transplantation rates or OS in patients considered for allo-SCT. The reasons for discontinuing allo-SCT included cancellation of transplant request (n=12 [30%]), complications or comorbidity developed during bridging therapy (n=10 [25%]), and uncontrolled MDS (n=7 [17%]). Conclusion: Transplant-eligible patients with MDS-EB should be considered for allo-SCT. Further studies will be required to determine the optimal bridging therapy prior to allo-SCT.

 Usuki: MSD K.K.: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Eisai Co., Ltd.: Speakers Bureau; Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Pfizer Japan Inc.: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Kyowa-Kirin Co., Ltd.: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Nippon-Shinyaku Co., Ltd.: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Amgen-Astellas Biopharma K.K.: Research Funding; Mundipharma K.K.: Research Funding; Nippon-Boehringer-Ingelheim Co., Ltd.: Research Funding; Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Celgene K.K.: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K.: Research Funding; Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Novartis Pharma K.K.: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Sumitomo-Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd.: Research Funding; Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd.: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; SymBio Pharmaceuticals Ltd.: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Gilead Sciences, Inc.: Research Funding; AbbVie GK: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Astellas Pharma Inc.: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; PharmaEssentia Japan KK: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd.: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Bristol-Myers-Squibb K.K.: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Apellis Pharmaceuticals, Inc.: Research Funding; Incyte Biosciences Japan G.K.: Research Funding; Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Sanofi K.K.: Speakers Bureau; Amgen K.K.: Research Funding. Handa: Ono: Honoraria; BMS: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria; Daiichi Sankyo: Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding; Chugai: Research Funding; Kyowa Kirin: Research Funding; Takeda: Honoraria, Research Funding; Shionogi: Research Funding; Sanofi: Honoraria, Research Funding; Abbvie: Honoraria; MSD: Research Funding. Fujisawa: Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Pfizer: Honoraria, Research Funding; Otsuka: Honoraria, Research Funding; Bristol Myers Squibb: Honoraria, Research Funding. Suehiro: Amgen BioPharma: Research Funding; Bayer: Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria; Celgene: Research Funding; Chugai Pharmaceutical: Honoraria, Research Funding; Eisai: Honoraria, Research Funding; Incyte: Research Funding; Kyowa Kirin: Honoraria, Research Funding; Nippon Shinyaku: Honoraria; Novartis: Research Funding; Ono Pharmaceutical: Research Funding; Otsuka Pharmaceutical: Research Funding; Pfizer: Research Funding. Maeda: Bayer Yakuhin, Ltd.: Honoraria; Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd.: Honoraria; Novartis Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria, Research Funding; Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Research Funding; Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co., Ltd.: Research Funding; Eisai Co., Ltd.: Research Funding; Astellas Pharma Inc.: Research Funding; Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc.: Research Funding. Yamamoto: Bristol-Myers Squibb Company: Honoraria; Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.: Honoraria; Eisai Co., Ltd.: Honoraria; Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd.: Honoraria; NIPPON SINYAKU CO., LTD: Honoraria; Novartis Pharma: Honoraria; ONO PHARMACEUTICAL CO.: Honoraria; Otsuka Pharmaceutical: Honoraria; Pfizer Japan Inc.: Honoraria; Takeda: Honoraria. Kiyoi: Astellas: Honoraria; celgene: Honoraria; Daiichi Sankyo: Honoraria; Dainippon Sumitomo: Honoraria; Eisai: Honoraria; Fijifilm: Honoraria; Kyowa Kirin: Honoraria; Otsuka: Honoraria; Perseus Proteomics: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria; Sanofi: Honoraria; Takeda: Honoraria; Zenyaku Kogyo: Honoraria. Matsumura: Ono: Research Funding; Otsuka: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Pfizer: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Shionogi: Research Funding; Taiho: Research Funding; Takeda: Research Funding; Sumitomo Dainippon: Research Funding; Nihon Pharmaceutical: Research Funding; Daiichi Sankyo: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Japan Blood Products Organization: Research Funding; Mundipharma: Research Funding; AYUMI Pharmaceutical: Research Funding; Eli Lilly Japan: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Nippon Shinyaku: Research Funding; MSD: Research Funding; Mitsubishi Tanabe: Research Funding; Amgen: Speakers Bureau; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Speakers Bureau; Kyowa Kirin: Research Funding; Eisai: Research Funding; Chugai: Research Funding; Astellas: Speakers Bureau; Asahi Kasei: Research Funding; Addvie: Research Funding. Miyazaki: Pfizer: Honoraria; Kyowa-Kirin: Honoraria; Abbvie: Honoraria; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Honoraria; Nippon-Shinyaku: Honoraria; Novartis: Honoraria; Astellas: Honoraria; Sumitomo-Dainippon: Honoraria, Research Funding; Janssen: Honoraria; Eisai: Honoraria; Daiichi-Sankyo: Honoraria; Takeda: Honoraria; Chugai: Honoraria; Sanofi: Honoraria.


This thesis focuses primary on two-phase displacements under capillary-controlled flow conditions at relatively large scales, considering solution techniques that capture the dynamics of two-phase displacements for homogeneous flow domains, and deriving representative averages for heterogeneous systems with strong spacial variations in two-phase properties. First, we review main flow mechanisms encountered at large scales when capillary forces dominate the displacement process, where we present main solution techniques for homogeneous flow domains and introduce analytical treatments for other flow mechanisms that do not follow standard time-scaling. We also present a comprehensive investigation of spontaneous imbibition processes in porous rocks both numerically and analytically, and propose a simplified but accurate analytic approximation using perturbation theory, that considerably improves the implementation process, as compared with the original analytical solution. After that, an investigation of the impact of capillary backpressure on counter-current flow is performed, as this is considered one of the main drawbacks in using the continuum modelling approach. We then apply steady-state capillary-controlled upscaling in heterogeneous environment, where large-scale invasion percolation is coupled with a conventional Darcy solver to identify large-scale trapping due to capillary forces. In other words, a phase may fail to form a connected path across a given domain at capillary equilibrium, and some regions therefore may produce disconnected clusters. In such cases, conventional upscaling processes might not be accurate since identification and removal of these isolated clusters are extremely important to the global connectivity of the system and the stability of the numerical solvers. We present a comprehensive investigation using random absolute permeability fields, for water-wet, oil-wet and mixed-wet systems, where we show that in oil-wet and mixed-wet media, large-scale trapping of oil controlled by variations in local capillary pressure, may be more significant than the local trapping controlled by pore-scale displacement.


Zhu Ziqing's way of selp-expression,affected by ancient Chinese and foreign culture though,is not the pure borrowing.Instead,he has his own theoretical interpretation combined writing practice.He inherited the claims of gongan school without their laxity,and borrows the idea of English prose with his unique sense of misery.Zhu Ziqing's way of self-expression is the result of time development and literature reform.


The employment of poverty-stricken family graduates causes great concern of our society.To solve this problem,we should make clearly define poverty-stricken family graduates,then help them overcome the employment psychological crisis and enhance their confidence to participate in the competition for jobs.According to the difficulties,this paper gives some feasible measures concerning the support of the government,the help of the college employment administration to the family's caring and the enhancement of personal employability.


Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) and circulating tumor cell (CTC) levels in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The efficacy of EGFR-TKIs in reducing CTC counts in patients with advanced NSCLC was studied. Patients and methods A total of 66 patients with advanced NSCLC were enrolled and divided into two groups (those with high CTC counts and those with low CTC counts) based on the patients' median CTC counts. All the patients were treated with an EGFR-TKI, and the treatment efficacy and prognoses were compared. Results The treatment efficacies were 53.3% (16/30) and 27.8% (10/36) for the low CTC group and high CTC group, respectively, and this difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The median overall survival was 22.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 18.9–26.8 months) for the low CTC group and 18.3 months (95% CI: 2.9–8.2 months) for the high CTC group. The median progression-free survival was 11.5 months (95% CI: 8.1–15 months) and 5.6 months (95% CI: 2.9–8.2 months) for the low and high CTC groups, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The CTC count can be used as an index for predicting the EGFR-TKI effect on patients with advanced NSCLC. Efficacy and prognosis of EGFR-TKI treatment and CTC count were considered important, and the CTC count could be used to predict the efficacy of EGFR-TKI treatment and prognosis of advanced NSCLC. The change in CTC expression levels can be used as an index for evaluating the prognosis of patients with advanced NSCLC.


The bearingless version of the induction motor (IM) has seen little consideration as a high performance, medium to high power motor. This paper investigates and develops design and performance evaluation techniques that are necessary to systematically study and design the bearingless IM. Key differences in the design considerations of the bearingless IM from that of the classical line-fed or inverter-fed 1M are first explored and a candidate design (4 poles, 15,000 rpm, 50 kW) is created using a modified analytic design approach. Finite element analysis (FEA) is used to explore the impact of the rotor topology (squirrel cage or pole-specific rotor winding) on the machine performance. It is shown that for low speed designs, the traditionally-used cage rotor can yield acceptable performance. However, the cage rotor is found to not be a workable solution for high speed designs (an example design operated at 500 Hz requires 20% of rated stator current to merely support the shaft weight). Finally, several FEA techniques are proposed and evaluated based on their ability to rapidly and accurately evaluate the bearingless IM design performance. This investigation will provide the necessary foundation for future efforts in designing and optimizing the bearingless IM.


A novel sustained release system was obtained by enwrapping chitosan-sodium alginate microcapsules of cefalexinum several times with κ-carrageenan. The rate of drug release in aqueous solutions with different pH values was determined and mechanisms related were discussed. Experimental results showed that increasing enwrapping times could retard drug release and it was possible to sustain the release for a 7 h period.


Objectives: To verify the association of perception of educational environment and self-esteem of third year and fourth year students at Sahiwal Medical College. Study Design: Correlational study. Setting: Sahiwal Medical College, Sahiwal. Period: February 2019 to September 2019. Material & Methods: Convenient nonprobability sampling technique was used. All the students of third and fourth year MBBS were included. Students migrated from other medical colleges and who did not give consent were excluded. Rosenberg self-esteem scale questionnaire was used to measure self-esteem of students. Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) Scale questionnaire was used to measure student's perception of education environments. Spearman's rank-order correlation statistics was computed to determine association between self-esteem and perception of educational environment. Results: There were 97(49.5%) third year and 99(50.5%) fourth year students. There were 68(34.7%) male and 128(65.3%) female students. Self-esteem score was less than 15 in 36(18.4%) students while score was 15 and above in 160(81.6%) students. Mean DREEM score was 108.34±24.02. Correlation of DREEM score with Rosenberg self-esteem score was 0.306 at significance level of 0.000. Students' perception of teaching was the lowest scored subscale (50.9%) and students' academic self-perception was the highest scored subscale (58.21%). Conclusion: Students had high self-esteem and positive perception of educational environment. There was a positive correlation between perception of educational environment and self-esteem of students. An insight about the strengths and weakness of the educational environment was provided.


Typhoon Fanapi,a super typhoon that generated over the Northwest Pacific and the South China Sea in 2010,is the only typhoon to make landfall twice in China.Intense precipitation brought by Fanapi caused severe damages in Taiwan and in Fujian and Guangdong provinces.In this study,the Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) model is used to simulate typhoon Fanapi at high resolution(finest grid size of 3 km) with three nests for 120 hours.Detailed comparisons are obtained between observations and the simulation.The results show that the simulation reproduced the development,evolution,and twice-landfalling processes of typhoon Fanapi to a significant degree.The simulated track and intensity evolution are shown to be rather similar to those of observations.Futhermore,the high-resolution simulation data is used to perform diagnostic analysis on the heavy rainfall occurring with typhoon Fanapi.Results indicate that the |Q| parameter agrees fairly well with observed precipitation in spatial distribution and time evolution.This parameter shows strong signals over the heavy rainfall region and weak or no signals over other regions;therefore,|Q| is an important indicator in the diagnosis of heavy precipitation of typhoons.


The invention relates to a vehicle door and window switch. A vehicle door switch is provided. The door switch includes a top housing and a bottom housing. The bottom housing having at least one first opening arranged opposite the top housing. A printed circuit board is disposed within the housing. A shield member is provided having a planer portion with a top surface and a bottom surface. The bottom surface is arranged adjacent the printed circuit board, the shield member further having a side wall extending about the perimeter of the planer portion. The printed circuit board is disposed within the area defined by the side wall.


We report an experiment that asks whether people in a strategic situation behave according to the Golden Rule, that is, do not treat others in ways that they find disagreeable to themselves, a property that we call role‐reversal consistency. Overall, we find that over three quarters of the subjects are role‐reversal consistent. Regression analysis suggests that this finding is not driven by players maximizing their subjective expected monetary earnings given their stated beliefs about their opponents' behavior. We find that subjects' stated beliefs and actions reveal mild projection bias. (JEL C78, C91)


Did you know that sharks are sometimes exposed to situations that can hurt them? Because they are big and fierce, sharks are often sought after in fishing tournaments. During capture, sharks are often removed from the water and exposed to the sun. Since shark health is linked closely to their body temperatures, we wondered if this exposure to the sun would affect them. To test this idea, we used a special camera that can record the heat coming off the shark's body surface. We discovered that some shark species are more sensitive to sun, warming up quicker than others. Surprisingly, we also found that warming patterns differed across the body for different species. This study is important because it helps us understand how fishing can affect sharks in different ways, even if the sharks are released back into the water alive.


Literature data about the reaction of arylglyoxals with  thiourea has been discussed. It has been shown that no systematic studies in this issue had ever been carried out, furthermore some data is contradictory. The reaction of arylglyoxals with thiourea is reported to be a stepwise process that depends on at least two factors. It is reaction conditions such as temperature and solvent. Also the nature of glyoxal may have crucial influence on the structure of products. In this article has been provided the convincing evidence of formation three different kinds of heterocyclic systems upon reaction of p -substituted phenylglyoxals with N -methyl and N -phenylthiourea.


The present invention relates to a method for in situ growth of high-hardness anti-abrasive ceramic coating layer on the titanium alloy surface, and it is a method for raising titanium and titanium alloy surface hardness. It includes the following steps: (1). using 3-10g/l of sodium aluminate, 1-3g/l of hypophosphite and water to prepare electrolyte; (2). using titanium alloy as base body and using it as positive electrode, using stainless steel plate as negative electrode, and placing both them into the electrolyte, controlling electrolyte temp. at 10-40 deg.C; (3) connecting with pulse power supply, regulating current density to 400-800 A/sq.m within 5 min. and reaction for 90-240 min.; (4) taking out sample, water-washing and drying so as to obtain the finished product.


Current paradigms in cancer therapy suggest that activation of nuclear factor- (cid:107) B (NF- (cid:107) B) by a variety of stimuli, including some cytoreductive agents, may inhibit apoptosis. Thus, inhibiting NF- (cid:107) B activation may sensitize cells to anticancer therapy, thereby providing a more effective treatment for certain cancers. E-1–deleted adenoviral (Ad) vectors encoding a "superrepressor" form of the NF- (cid:107) B inhibitor I (cid:107) B (cid:97) (AdI (cid:107) B (cid:97) SR) or (cid:98) -galactosidase (AdLacZ) were tested alone and in combination with tumor necrosis factor- (cid:97) (TNF- (cid:97) ) in lung cancer cells for sensitization of the cells to death. Following transduction with AdI (cid:107) B (cid:97) SR, lung cancer cells expressed I (cid:107) B (cid:97) SR in a dose-dependent manner. Probing nuclear extracts of lung cancer cells with NF- (cid:107) B-sequence–specific oligonucleotides indicated that there was a minimal amount of NF- (cid:107) B in the nucleus at baseline in lung cancer cells. Our studies utilized AdI (cid:107) B (cid:97) SR and targeted squamous-cell lung cancer cell lines that were selected for their similar susceptibility to adenoviral (Ad) transduction. After confirming Ad transduction and heterologous I (cid:107) B (cid:97) gene expression, we measured cell viability following exposure to therapeutic and control Ad vectors and TNF- (cid:97) , a cytokine that is known to activate NF- (cid:107) B through degradation of I (cid:107) B (cid:97) (19–23).


In this work, we present a problem of Sentiment Classification in texts. Sentiment Classification is an Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis task that has opened several problems, including a significant variety of applications. We propose a strategy to distinguish words that convey evaluation of an item from the rest, as well as to classify the evaluation polarity (positive or negative). In addition, relying on Appraisal Theory, we intend to classify the evaluation words in affect, judgment and appreciation. Both, polarity and attitude are recognized using a corpus-based approach. We have the purpose of applying this task in Spanish texts; thereby, we have created a corpus of movie reviews in this language that was manually processed. In the experiments, we noticed that our strategy has a good performance, achieving 76.78% and 80.16% of accuracy classifying polarity and attitude, respectively.


The study of modern approaches to terminology in the system of qualifications, education and assessment is based on language sources in Ukrainian and English, legal documents of Ukraine and the European Union. The authors argue that in accordance with the legislation of Ukraine and the legislation of the European Union and the view of modern researchers of the purpose of learning, the results of the learning process should be formulated in terms of learning outcomes, not in terms of competencies. Competence in this sense means a person's ability to apply learning outcomes to achieve certain goals. The strict separation of learning outcomes and competencies has been confirmed by ISO standards and the new version of the European Qualifications Framework (2017). Learning outcomes should be interpreted much more broadly than the amount of knowledge and skills, they may include values, attitudes and so on. This approach is partially supported by the new legislation of Ukraine on education (2014-2017). Ukrainian law requires that learning outcomes be measurable.
An important remark concerns the interpretation of the term skills in Ukrainian. The Ukrainian language implies two meanings of this term: the skill as the ability to perform an activity that requires some thought and planning ("uminnia"), and the skill as the ability to perform the simplest stereotypical action, which becomes a habit ("navychka"). This feature of the Ukrainian language is reflected in the laws and allows to assess skills more elegant.
Excluding competencies from the list of learning outcomes does not deny the importance of competency-based learning and competency assessment, but helps to clarify these approaches.


This article examines the relationship between the level of phonological segmentation, letter knowledge, and the strategies used to read and write, in 5-year-old children taught in Catalan. 69 children from 3 different classes participated. Each of their preschool teachers held a different conception about teaching early literacy: analytical, synthetic, or analytical-synthetic. Children were assessed at the beginning and at the end of text and a dictation. We performed fine-grained analysis on children"s data to identify specific strategies and patterns. The qualitative analysis indicates that the ability to segment a wordtext and a dictation. We performed fine-grained analysis on children"s data to identify specific strategies and patterns. The qualitative analysis indicates that the ability to segment a word into syllables orally seems to be sufficient for children to start reading in a conventional way. Furthermore, phonological segmentation and letter knowledge are used in relatively different ways depending on the type of text being read. Teachers" instructional approaches seem to have an influence on children"s results.


A new method, involving increased dc biasing in transistor crystal-controlled oscillators has been used for generating, apart from the fundamental, overtones and mixed adjoining modes of quartz crystal oscillations.


The Multi-attribute Linear Ballistic Accumulator Model of Decision-making Jennifer S. Trueblood (firstname.lastname@example.com) Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine Irvine, CA 92697 USA Scott D. Brown and Andrew Heathcote {scott.brown, firstname.lastname@example.com School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Australia Callaghan, NSW 2308 AU Abstract greater preference for X when A X is included in the choice set {X,Y } as compared to when A Y is included (and vice versa for Y ). Mathematically, the attraction effect occurs when Pr[X|{X,Y, A X }] > Pr[X|{X,Y, A Y }] and Pr[Y |{X,Y, A X }] Pr[Y |{X,Y, S Y }]. The compromise effect refers to the enhancement of an op- tion when it is presented as a compromise between two other alternatives. For the choice set {X,Y }, let C X and C Y be extreme options that make X and Y take the middle ground respectively. For example, if X is a cheap, low quality cell phone, then C X might be drastically cheaper and extremely


The effects of photowashing treatment on the electrical properties of an AlGaN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistor were studied by observing changes in atomic composition and band bending at the surface of AlGaN through synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy. The surface treatment produced group-III oxides on the surface of AlGaN, leaving N vacancies behind. Both the gate leakage current (IGD) and drain current (IDS) simultaneously decreased after the treatment. The decrease of IGD was due to a delay in movement of the electrons, namely, trapping and detrapping. The trapped electrons reduced the effective channel thickness, and led to the reduction of IDS.


As universities are presently involved in a world-wide competition for students, and, implicitly, for markets in which to sell their services, the issue of the advantages research brings, transformed in market share increase, becomes an issue for university management. The paper examines, comparatively, the profitability of basic and applied research in terms of strengthening the market position of a university actively involved in one type of research or in both at a time. Well developed indicators to measure the relationship between research activity and prestige, on the one hand, social capital, on the other, and we will correlate these two research outcomes with the university market share and competitive advantage. The interest a university has to invest in its research activities has a market feedback, which provides a sense of involvement for practical reasons, and that goes beyond the bare purpose of reporting results .


Success of failure of tourism industry in each country directly depends on the supportive policy of the government; so that as the support of the...


Based on ethnographic field work conducted during the 2014 Reclaim the Power- Anti Fracking Action Camps, using participant observations, informal discussion and interviews, this study explores coalition formation between ac-tors with very different political and ideological orientations. Evidence from previous environmental direct action groups illustrates how diverse interests, motivations and tactics lead to irreconcilable tensions. This study explores the diverse political and ideological orientations of activists at Reclaim the Power, their demands and objectives, how representation within the camp was negotiated and ultimately how their demands were expressed, as a means to explore the formation of broad based coalitions. Different approaches from the social movement literature are used for analysis. The study illustrates how despite diversity a strong coalition was formed based on the broad resonance of the framing of RTP as a social, economic and environmental justice movement. Framed as such fracking provided an anchor for broad struggles against the state and the political and economic system to form alliances with struggles over localised social and environmental risks facilitating the formation of diverse coalitions.


The paper analyzes the dynamics of the financial situation and social support coverage of various socio-demographic groups in Russia in 2020 during the coronavirus pandemic. The study was based on the data of three population surveys conducted in May, October, and December 2020. The spread of coronavirus had a negative impact on the welfare of the population: almost half of the respondents reported worsening of the financial situation of their families in 2020. Over half of the respondents indicated the need for cash assistance, and almost a quarter of the respondents—the need for food packages. More than a quarter of the respondents who tried to apply for social benefits in 2020 faced with some problems. In early December 2020, more than 40% of the respondents had already received the state social support in connection with COVID-19, mainly as cash payments. However, almost 60% of the respondents, including more than a half of the poor had not received any social assistance related to the pandemic. The respondents rather critically assessed the sufficiency of the state social support: almost 60% of the respondents believed that the state had not taken sufficient steps to support the population. The coronavirus epidemic has shown the importance of the social support efficiency improving through digitalization and better targeting.


In previous chapter a novel FFBAT-RBFL algorithm has been proposed and applied on diabetes dataset and a better classification accuracy has been achieved. To test the consistency of the proposed algorithm on other medical datasets, in this chapter FFBAT-RBFL algorithm is used for diagnosing heart disease. The Hungarian, Switzerland, and Cleveland heart disease datasets have been used to evaluate the accuracy performance of the algorithm. The obtained experimental results prove that FFBAT-RBFL classifier has outperformed the existing classifiers. In this chapter we used FFBAT-RBFL algorithm, which was proposed in chapter 3 to classify heart disease datasets. The algorithm is experimented on heart disease datasets. The proposed classifier has the following two steps, i) Feature or attribute reduction by employing LPP algorithm ii) Classification of Heart disease by FFBAT-RBFL classifier.


Objective To investigate the operative treatment of the old displaced femoral shaft fracture in children by open reduction and fixation with plate and screws.Methods The clinical data of 15 patients(male 9 cases,female 6 cases;age from 7 to 12 years with a mean of 10.5 years)with old displaced femoral shaft fracture were retrospectively analyzed.All of them were treated with open reduction and fixation by plate and screws during 2002.5-2006.12.The causes of fractures included car accident in 13 cases and falling down in 2 cases.Two cases were complicated with the pelvic fracture,6 cases with brain trauma,1 case with the skin and soft tissue avulsion at the same side of lower extremity,2 cases with the spleen and the liver rupture.The shorting displacement of legs ranged from 4 to 7 cln with an average of 5.2 on%The angulation of displacement ranged from 30°to 45°with an average of 38°.The time between injury and operation was 4.5 months.Five patients walked with the aid of walking stick in a dropping gait,the others stayed in bed with partial weight loading.The inequality of their two legs ranged from 3 to 8 cm with a mean of 4.9 cm.The motion range of the knee was nearly normal All the patients were treated under epidural anesthesia or general anesthesia.During the operation,the bone callus were resected thoroughly and the anatomic reduction acquired gradually by apex-touching and bending techniques to relax the tension of muscle,nerve and vascular.Blood supplies to the end of the extremity were monitored to reflect the function of the muscle,nerve and vascular.Early physical exercise was applied for all patients.The bome union time,fracture reduction and the complication of vascular and nerve were reeorded and analyzed.Results All the patients were followed up from 1 to 3 years.The x-ray photography was gained at 3,6,12,20 monthsafter operation.And the bony union was obtained in all patients.The fracture was reduced anatomically without any complications of nerve and vascular injury.All the patients walked in a normal gait with full weight bearing.The shorting of the leg ranged from 1 to 2 cm with an average of 1.2 cm.The range of the knee motion was normal Conclusions Open reduction and fixation with plate can be served as an efficient method to treat the displaced femoral shaft fracture in children.

Key words:
Femoral f ractures;  Fracture fixation, internal


The study reported here deals with the effects of the removal of tops upon the development of various species of grass seedlings. Not only the establishment but also the yield and nutritive value of range and pasture grasses are dependent to a great extent upon the manner and frequency with which the tops are removed. Winter-killing and lowered vitality, with attendant decreased yield, result from improper utilization of the herbage. In native pastures and range lands, undesirable species increase when there is early grazing and overstocking (8). Although the relation of harvesting practices to the development of grassland is known in a general way from observation, and more definitely for a few species from experiment, there is still a definite need for further experimental work. Graber (7) has shown that frequent removal of tops limits root development. This in turn may lessen drought resistance and absorptive capacity, and result in increased injury from low temperature and insects. Since most of the foods used as reserves in roots are synthesized above ground, frequent harvesting necessarily limits these reserves. Internal food reserves as well as a supply of nutrients are factors in productivity. In addition, frequent removal of tops promotes a deficiency of nitrogen in the soil (7). Dicotyledonous plants are similarly weakened by too early or too frequent harvesting. Pruning reduces the root spread of almond trees (3). Cutting of immature alfalfa increases invasion of weeds and may cause winter-killing. The specific gravity of alfalfa roots decreases slightly after each cutting. Cutting when the plants are mature gives more reserve food and higher yield with less winter-killing and a longer life of crop, whether grass or alfalfa (1). Sampson and Malmsten (16) found that harvesting range grasses twice each season increased the yield with but slight injury to the roots. Yield tends to vary inversely with frequency of clipping in bluestem pastures of Kansas. Disappearance of valuable species is proportional to frequency of cutting. The higher nutritive value gained from frequent harvesting does not compensate for loss in yield (2). The deleterious effect of frequent cutting may be offset partially by cutting the plants at a greater height above the ground (2, 9, 18). Reseeding of western range land is successful only when grazing is delayed until late in the


Considering free radical and Mechnikovs' theories of aging we decided to investigate the influence of multiprobiotic on life span and concentration of lipid peroxidation productsin serum andtissues of rats. The study was carried out on 300 whiteWistarrats. Rats were divided into 2 groups - control and experimental. Ratsof experimental group were treated with multiprobiotic«Symbiter ®acidophilic» concentrated per os periodically along the life.The survival rate of rats was calculated by Kaplan-Meier test, and differences in survival rates were tested for significance by the log rank test. At the age of 3, 6, 12, 18, 21 and 24 months in each group 10 rats were decapitated and content of conjugated dienes, schiff bases, tiobarbituric acid reactive substances, superoxide dismutase, catalase were measured in blood serum, gastric mucosa, pancreas and hepatocytes. It was established that periodic multiprobiotic administration increase life span of rats,prevented increase of lipid peroxidation products concentration in blood serum and other tissue and normalized activity of antioxidant ferments.


Systemic alkalosis, which is a prominent feature of Bartter's syndrome, decreases the clearance of uric and may contribute to hyperuricaemia and gout. Tophaceous gout may sometimes present as a soft tissue mass, which is difficult to differentiate from an infectious or neoplastic process, and MRI has been helpful.2,3 We report a case of uncontrolled gout in a Polynesian man with Gitelman variant of Bartter's syndrome and soft tissue masses in legs, which proved to be gouty tophi on MRI.


The activity of acetyl cholinesterase in the serum of monocrotopos treated rats i.e. TI, TII and R (Recovery) groups were observed. The percent inhibition was more than 40% in TII group whereas it was more than 30% in TI group. The recovery study suggested that the activity of this enzyme could be restored to 90% after 15 days of rest. Serum concentration of phospholipids showed the statistically significant increase in TI and TII as compared to their controls respectively, whereas in R group it recovered back to almost normal level. The changes in topography of rat erythrocytes of all groups were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was observed that control animals had typical appearance of erythrocytes where most of the cells were perfect discocytes (D) and few cup shaped stomatocytes (St). A significant effect on SEM appearance of erythrocytes in rats of group TI was observed. Most of cells were changed to stomatocytes, echinocytes (irregularly crenated cells with numerous projections) and acanthocytes (characterized by a few spicules of varying length, irregularly distributed over the entire cell surface with knobby ends). Rats of R group had normal discocytes, barring few stomatocytes and acanthocytes.


The invention concerns a method for producing a complex nonwoven fabric which consists in continuously producing a complex wherein a first web of cellulosic fibres (4) is continuously sandwiched between two webs of spunbonded filaments (2, 7), and which consists in: producing a first web of spunbonded filaments (2), the bundle of extruded and drawn filaments being received on a mobile conveyor belt (3) in the form of a non-bonded lap; depositing on said web (2) by airlaid process a second web of cellulosic fibres (4); depositing on the textile web (4) a second web (7) of non-bonded continuous filaments; transferring the resulting complex onto an installation (9) for water-jet bonding and hydro-entanglement consolidation; and in drying the nonwoven mixed product and then recuperating it, for example in the form of a cloth wind-up (18).


We consider a General optimization problem in an arbitrary Banach space with equality and inequality constraints, of which the latter are given in the form of convex cones with non-empty internals. The necessary optimality condition is obtained in the form of the Lagrange multiplier rule, which is convenient for application in a wide class of optimization problems. Some special cases and generalizations of the problem are given. As an application, the problem of optimal control with phase and mixed constraints is considered, for which the necessary conditions of the weak minimum are formulated.


We attempt an explanation of the main features of the high-temperature infrared absorption spectra of Fe 2 + in III-V compounds (GaAs and GaP). We consider a linear Jahn-Teller interaction with two lattice modes of E symmetry, having energies in the range of acoustical and optical phonons, respectively. The upper vibronic states originating from all electronic states of the free ion must be considered to cope with the many possible transitions that arise at temperatures that populate several low-energy vibronic levels. We use Lanczosrecursion procedures to find energies and wave functions. A comparison with experimental energies and intensities is performed. A discussion comparing present findings with previous results based only on cold lines is also done.


Various geometrical parameters like cut-water clearance, volute tongue location, tongue radius, vane trailing edge profile and flow parameters like speed, operating point affect the rotor-stator interaction in a centrifugal pump. In the present investigation, vane trailing edge is selected as a design parameter for profile modifications to study and reduce the rotor-stator interaction intensity and hence the pressure pulsations. A double suction centrifugal pump with tangential discharge volute (M1), specific speed (ns) 19 has been selected for the numerical experiments. Transient analysis using Detached Eddy Simulation is used for predicting flow parameters behavior at impeller periphery (primary source) and volute tongue locations (secondary source). The impeller periphery probes in the rotor-stator interaction zone are used to identify the intensity of jet-wake flow phenomenon and its interaction with the volute tongue. Similar strategy has been applied by modifying the trailing edge profile of the original geometry with vane underfiling (M2) and the M2 vane geometry with novel trailing edge profile (M3). The pressure pulsation behavior along the impeller periphery (primary source) shows the strong reduction of pressure amplitude near volute tongue by 42% in M3 compared to M1 aligning with the reduction of jet-wake flow intensity. The pressure fluctuation (rms) near volute tongue (secondary source) shows an average reduction of 11% in modified trailing edge (M3) relative to M1. The intensified rotor-stator interaction due to vortex shedding in M2 causes relatively higher pressure fluctuations (rms) near volute tongue compared to M1 and M3.


End-to-end network measurements such as delay, loss, and available bandwidth are essential for optimizing and managing network applications and services. Sharing a network measurement service across multiple applications can significantly reduce measurement overhead, increase accuracy, and remove the burden of performing network measurements from individual applications. Network measurement data is most useful if measurements can be requested on-demand by users at desired times and frequencies. Clearly, in a federated environment, it is difficult to have the same level of trust in all users making measurement requests. This paper describes a framework to provide network measurement information to untrusted users such that active measurements can be taken in a safe manner. By safety, we mean that users cannot trigger arbitrarily large measurement probes that exceed a specified budget. We devise efficient admission control and scheduling algorithms for recurring active measurements, such that the specified resource consumption budget of the service is best utilized. We evaluate our approach in experiments under realistic scenarios on the Emulab testbed.


The increasing population has resulted in higher generation of domestic and industrial wastewater sludge. The sludge ends up as landfill in designated areas, which makes the land unusable. The search for lightweight materials for construction has led to the use of sludge as a viable replacement for the basic composition of concrete, due its low density. The dry sludge collected from Polokwane Waste Water Treatment Works in Limpopo Province was used as partial replacement of sand in concrete. The sludge content in sand was varied from 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, to 12.5%. The outcomes of the analysis indicate that the addition of dry sludge in concrete mix is viable and effective. The result showed that up to 7.5% of sand can be replaced with dry sludge in concrete for structural applications. In addition, the use of dry sludge as partial replacement of fine aggregate in concrete has little or no effect on the environment.


Picture archiving and communication system(PACS) provide the full new platform of digital image information for medical imaging, and also provide advanced method for the implementation of medical imaging practical teaching. The early clinical practice based on PACS in medical students, not only enriched students' knowledge of medical imaging, but also deepened the medical students' understanding of the relevant clinical knowledge. Through students experience and early clinical practice, that could arouse the students' interest in active learning, as well as develop medical students' ability of clinical thought. Based on PACS early clinical practice teaching mode, has an important role and practical value in improve medical students' clinical practice ability.


This report estimates packaging factors for several waste types that are potential greater-than-Class C (GTCC) low-level radioactive waste (LLW). The packaging factor is defined as the volume of a GTCC LLW disposal container divided by the as-generated or ``unpackaged`` volume of the waste loaded into the disposal container. Packaging factors reflect any processes that reduce or increase an original unpackaged volume of GTCC LLW, the volume inside a waste container not occupied by the waste, and the volume of the waste container itself. Three values are developed that represent (a) the base case or most likely value for a packaging factor, (b) a high case packaging factor that corresponds to the largest anticipated disposal volume of waste, and (c) a low case packaging factor for the smallest volume expected. GTCC LLW is placed in three categories for evaluation in this report: activated metals, sealed sources, and all other waste.


Local services will be home networking devices in the home network to provide a method and apparatus for providing an external device. OSGi gateway generated WSDL file by using information about local services provided by the home network devices, and distribution WSDL document to allow external devices through the use of web service calls local services. In response to the SOAP message received from an external device, a local call in the home network service in the home network. The local service call response message into a SOAP message and transmits the SOAP message to the external device. Therefore, the home network device can provide services to home network services to an external device via web, without directly install web services engine.


Enzymes typically function either intracellularly or extracellularly, but not at both locations. In this issue of The American Journal of Pathology, Si-Tayeb and colleagues demonstrate that an active form of the well-known extracellular protease matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3, also known as stromelysin-1) is also present in the nuclear compartment of malignant and nontransformed hepatocytes.1 Although at first this finding might be dismissed as sloppy protein targeting, the identification of a nuclear localization signal in MMP-3 suggests that this alternate localization represents an important, heretofore underappreciated, aspect of MMP-3 function.


The utility model discloses a three-phase multifunctional electric energy meter based on a high-grade dual-AVR single-chip microcomputer. It dual-AVR single-chip microcomputer core processing unit comprises a No. 1 AVR single-chip microcomputer and a No.2 AVR single-chip microcomputer which are connected with each other through a SPI bus system unit. A front-end signal conditioning unit and a high-precision ADC conversion unit are respectively connected with the No.1 AVR single-chip microcomputer. The front-end signal conditioning unit is also connected with the high-precision ADC conversion unit. A function display operating unit, a SD card memory cell and a Zigbee wireless communication unit are respectively connected with the No.2 AVR single-chip microcomputer. The front-end signal conditioning unit is connected with a user line to be measured. According to the utility model, conventional electrical parameters such as three-phase voltage, current, frequency, active and reactive power and the like can be monitored and displayed at real time. The three-phase multifunctional electric energy meter provided by the utility model has advantages of simple operation, portable type, low cost, strong intelligence, high measurement accuracy, strong anti-jamming capability, high reliability and the like.


In this paper we present Mate Marote, a web platform for massive scale educational interventions. We focus on the scaling requirements needed on these kind of deployments. We show the designed architecture, how these decisions solve the imposed requirements and the implementation. To test this development, we performed a small pilot intervention where the whole system was evaluated. We conclude that Mate Marote is ready for production deployment and enabled to middleto-massive scale interventions. For this purpose, we have deployed this platform in CEIBAL program at Uruguay with more than 100K potential users.


Maize seeds were treated with neem, castor, pongamia, tulsi leaf, mandarin peel, sweet flag, arappu leaf, parthenium leaf powder, wood ash, thiram and control, stored in cloth bag, polythene bag (700guage) and vacuum packaging under ambient conditions. The maize seeds recorded highest insect damage at the end of 14 months of storage irrespective of containers and treatments. Among the seed treatments, seed treated with thiram recorded lowest seed damage by insect up to 14 months of storage while highest seed damage (%) recorded in control compared to other seed treatments at the end of storage period. Whereas seeds stored in vacuum package were absolutely free from insect attack at the end of the storage period followed by polythene bag.


In this paper, the coupled WRF/SSiB model, accompanied by a Karst Rocky Desertification (KRD) map of the Guizhou Karst Plateau (GKP) of China, was applied to detect how the changed vegetation and soil characteristics over the GKP modify the energy balance at the land surface. The results indicated that land degradation led to reduced net radiation by inducing more upward shortwave and longwave radiation, which were associated with increasing surface albedo and temperature, respectively. The KRD also resulted in changed surface energy partitioning into sensible and latent heat fluxes. The latent heat flux at land surface was reduced substantially due to the higher surface albedo and stomatal resistance, the lower Leaf Area Index (LAI) and roughness length in the degradation experiment, while the sensible heat flux increased, mainly because of the higher surface temperature. Furthermore, the moisture flux convergence was reduced, owing to the lower atmospheric heating and the relative subsidence. However, compared with the reduced evaporation, the decrease in moisture flux convergence contributed much less to the reduced precipitation. Precipitation strongly affects soil moisture, vegetation growth and phenology, and thus evaporation and convective latent heating, so when precipitation was changed, a feedback loop was created.


In this paper, we investigate the properties of modal, necessity, sufficiency and co-sufficiency operators in a complete residuated lattice. In particular, we study the relationships between fuzzy relations and various operators. Mathematics Subject Classification: 03E72, 06A15, 06B30