Objective To determinate the armillarisin succinate ester( ASE) in plasma by LC-MS /MS.Methods The separation was carried out on a Zorbax SB-C18( 30 mm × 2. 1 mm,3. 5 μm) column and methanol-20 m Mammonium acetate aqueous as mobile phase using gradient elute at flowrate of 0. 4 m L / min. Bavachin was employed as the internal standard. In negative scanning mode,quantification was performed using the transitions m / z333 →233 and m / z 323→221,respectively. Results The limits of detection was 0. 5 ng / mL. The concentration of ASE showed a linear plot in the range of 0. 01 ~ 10. 0 μg / mL( r = 0. 991 4). The inter-day and intra-day relative standard deviation( RSD) for the method were 2. 18% ~ 5. 62% and 4. 72% ~ 6. 23%,respectively. The extraction recovery rate was 93. 2% ~ 109. 2%. Conclusion The method is proved to be accurate,sensitive and reliable. It is suitable for the determination in human plasma of ASE.


In order to research the changes of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activites of litchi fruit during high temperature heat pump drying(HTHPD) processing,the content,composition and antioxidant activities of phenolic compounds of litchi pulp at different period were investigated.Results indicated that the contents of free and bound phenolic compounds and its ORAC antioxidant activities significantly decreased after HTHPD processing(P 0.01).Free phenolic compounds contributed greatly to total antioxidant activity.There was a direct relationship between free and bound phenolics contents and antioxidant activities in phytochemical extracts of litchi pulp.The higher phenolic contents in fruits resulted in higher antioxidant activity.The contents of free phenolic of gallic acid,vanillic acid,caffeic acid,(-)-Epicatechin and rutin significantly increased(P 0.05),(+)-Catechin and tetramethyl catechol significantly decreased(P 0.05).While the contents of bound phenolic of gallic acid,(+)-Catechin,caffeic acid and(-)-Epicatechin significantly increased(P0.05),rutin significantly decreased(P0.05).


Sexual reproduction and auxospore formation of Cocconeis pellucida have been observed using a laboratory culture. This diatom was monoecious. Auxospores occurred at 18°C and 14°C, but not at 5°C. O...


1. Specific leaf area is a variable implicated in a number of functional aspects of plant ecology, including gas exchange, relative growth rate and palatability. 2. Six leaf attributes (water content, lamina thickness, protruding vein thickness, dry weight, lamina area and specific leaf area) were determined on a collection of 572 leaves. The data set was derived from 194 individual plants, 34 species, 32 genera, 18 families and both classes of angiosperms. All species except one (a shrub) were herbaceous. All species were from sunny habitats. 3. Structured relationships between these six variables were obtained. These relationships consisted of path analyses, multiple regressions and major axis (allometric) regressions. 4. There was an interspecific allometric trend for leaf dry weight to increase more rapidly than leaf surface area, resulting in larger leaves having a lower specific leaf area. This trend did not exist at an intraspecific level. 5. Path analysis showed that the most important direct effect on specific leaf area was the water content of the leaf. Increasing water content resulted in a larger specific leaf area. The direct effect of lamina thickness was to decrease specific leaf area but lamina thickness itself was affected by leaf water content. 6. These effects on specific leaf area were mediated through variation in leaf dry weight. Leaf surface area appeared to be independent of the other five variables. 7. These results help to explain two unresolved general patterns in plant comparative ecology: (1) why net photosynthetic rate is not positively correlated with maximum relative growth rates and (2) why there is a negative correlation between maximum relative growth rate and seed size


ABSTRACT The decline in the quality of the nation's character is characterized by the number of cases popping up that are not in accordance with norm values such as; rampant corruption, theft, murder, rape and juvenile delinquency cases such as brawls, free sex and drug abuse, to overcome this it is necessary to character education for children from an early age. The purpose of writing to find out how to improve the character of the nation based on Evidence Based. In the process of searching literature, several databases are used such as Pubmed, NCBI, goole shoolar and sciencedirect. It is expected that parents will set an example and instill good character in children and play a useful role playing game and prevent children from seeing unfavorable characters in the environment. With character education will develop the basic potential to be kind, think well, and behave well. Strengthening and building multicultural children's behavior, enhancing the competitive civilization of students in society. Keywork: Parenting, Game Types and Character Building


The last decade of the twentieth century has witnessed an intensified soul-searching on an almost global scale concerning the moral responsibility of humankind (as well as of individual countries) for the sins of commission and omission related to the genocidal acts perpetrated against the Jewish people in the course of World War II. Several factors seem to have converged to bring about this development. Foremost among these were the opening of various archives fifty years after the end of that war, the disintegration of the former Soviet Union and of the Soviet bloc and, last but not least, the emergence of a new generation in Germany and elsewhere not burdened by personal memories connected to those atrocities and thus not beset with conscious or subconscious feelings of personal guilt which among their elders had often translated in the past into outright denial of the Holocaust or of their own role in it. In the first four decades or so after World War II, Holocaust research understandably concentrated mainly on what was unquestionably the Shoah's most horrifying aspect, namely, the systematic murder of millions of human beings, irrespective of age or sex. Considerable attention was also given to the theological and philosophical implications of this bestial assault on the elementary dictates of humanity. Perhaps for these reasons there may have existed a lingering and unspoken hesitancy to address other aspects of this unprecedented crime against humankind, as if raising with equal vigor other (and more mundane) aspects of the Holocaust could have somehow been interpreted as a kind of desecration of the memory of the murdered millions of innocent human beings. Many of us remember in this context the recurrent argument voiced in Germany and elsewhere in years past, whenever mention was made of demands for an accounting of the material losses caused to the Jewish people: namely, that such demands amounted to an attempt to "instrumentalize" that great tragedy, that is, to "capitalize" on it. The last ten years have brought about a radical change in this regard. In scores of countries, a variety of commissions have been appointed to look also into the material, as distinct from the physical, aspects of the Holocaust. Some countries, whether voluntarily or under foreign pressure (Switzerland belongs to the latter category), have appointed commissions of historians and of economic experts to examine their own behavior during that dark period of history. In some countries, legislative measures have been taken or initiated with a view to providing some material compensation, however pitifully inadequate, in relation to the real material damage inflicted on the victims of the Holocaust. But until recently, one particular aspect has persistently suffered from relative neglect: the fate of the Jewish cultural property looted by Germany and by the regimes and individuals that collaborated with it in the course of World War II throughout Nazi-occupied Europe. It is this aspect, which most recently has ". also become a focus of international attention, to which I would like to devote this presentation. Let us start with the definition, for present purposes, ofJewish cultural property. The term is used here not in order to designate cultural property owned by Jews, merely by reason of ', ownership; rather it is intended to denote the works and artifacts representing the cultural : heritage of the Jewish people throughout the ages. Thus, for example, paintings of Renoir or * Picasso owned by French Jews and looted from them by the Nazis or by the French Vichy * authorities will not be considered, for present purposes, as "Jewish cultural property," although [ it goes without saying that such property should also be restored to its rightful owners or to j , their heirs, whenever these can be traced and identified. Moreover, in those instances in which ' •% the heirs of such looted property cannot be identified, it should still be considered as ownerless ;,-


Excerpt Benign familial icterus is a clinical entity, not infrequently encountered, that is often confused with hemolytic disease, biliary tract disease, and disease of the liver. For this reason i...


THE TERM CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE(CKD)WAS FIRST PROposedandsystematicallydefinedin2002,andthe5incrementalstages for thedegreeofseverityofCKDwere describedbasedontheestimatedglomerular filtration rate (GFR) (stage 1, 90; stage 2, 60-89; stage 3, 30-59; stage 4,15-29;andstage5, 15mL/min/1.73m).Stage1 is the least severeandstage5isclassifiedaskidneyfailure. Theestimated GFR (calculated from the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease [MDRD] Study equation) can be derived automatically from a single serum creatinine measurement, combined with theeasilyavailableageandsexdata,plusaqualifyingstatement on race, and without a need for patient weight. The automated estimated GFR calculation has rapidly becomearoutinecomponentofvirtually every laboratory report ofserumcreatinineconcentration.Thishasoccurredeventhough estimated GFR is not based on an accurate timed urine specimen, is only a rough estimate of a patient's actual GFR, and is more applicable to the population than to the individual. An estimatedGFRlowerthan60mL /min/1.73m hasbeenflagged asindicatingmoderatetoseverekidneydisease andphysicians, followingtheguidelines,sometimesinformpatientsofthisfinding. The prevalence of CKD using the MDRD equation in nationally representative surveys has been estimated at 10% to 12% of the population, with CKD stage 3 (estimated GFR 3059mL/min/1.73m)comprisingthelargestcategory.Populationbasedstudieshaveconsistentlyreportedastrongandincremental association between CKD stages and risk of cardiovascular events and death, suggesting that an individual with low estimated GFR (ie, stage 3, 4, or 5) might be at increased risk. The use of the term "kidney" along with the new CKD staging and its expanded spectrum based on estimated GFR of less than 60 mL /min/1.73 m has increased awareness about and the apparent prevalence of a once underappreciated and confusingdisease state. Consequently,nephrologistshavehadan unprecedented increase in consultations to verify the diagnosis of "CKD stage 3 " primarily because of a calculated estimatedGFRoflessthan60mL /min/1.73m.Manypatientswith thisallegeddiagnosisareanxiousuntil theyseeanephrologist, whereas thespecialist feels compelled,perhaps inpartbecause of concerns of litigation, to perform extensive and expensive workupstomoreaccuratelyassessrenal function.Someofthese patients have been stigmatized with a "preexisting condition" andhavebeendeniedinsurancecoverageuponreemployment. However, the diagnosis of stage 3 CKD for many patients cannot be substantiated other than with an estimated GFR of less than 60 mL /min/1.73 m according to the MDRD equation. Nephrologists have not adequately addressed the clinical and public health consequences of using the MDRD equation as a criterion for the detection and classification of CKD and have failed to acknowledge the many implications of the flaws in this approach. For instance, it is counterintuitive that more patients are classified as having stage 3 of a chronic disease than earlier stages, ie, stage 1 and 2 combined, in sharp contradistinction to other chronic disease states such as heart failure. The result has been that the nephrology community appears to have undermined its own important work in public health by overdiagnosing a nonexistent disease in millions of elderly persons as well as in women in whom the MDRD equation calculates a 25% worse kidney function by default, or in adults with larger muscle mass or other nutritional states associated with higher serum creatinine independent of kidney function. Use of the epidemiological classification of such an imperfect surrogate as estimated GFR does not square with the clinical reality of patient diagnosis and treatment. Many patients with so-called CKD stage 3 do not die of renal causes, and do not develop end-stage kidney disease over time, so there is a disconnect between classification based on estimated GFR equations and patients' clinical course. At the same time, the diagnosis of true kidney disease may be missed in some persons with lower serum creatinine levels due to smaller skeletal muscle mass, low or no protein intake, or significant glomerular, tubular, or vascular kidney disease but with higher estimated GFR. As a result, and despite the overwhelming data on the association of kidney disease with cardiovascular events and death, the cardiology community has generally not considered CKD based on estimated GFR alone as a credible cardiovascular risk fac-


The research evaluated the strain wedge model computer program (WEM6.2) for piles and large diameter shafts with the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) procedure. It illustrated program capability, input data, and output data. It also provided some examples and publications for various applications.


Lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory and immune disease that affects the skin, nails, hair, and mucous membranes. It is characterized by polygonal, flat-topped, violaceous papules and plaques with overlying, reticulated, fine white scale (Wickham's striae), commonly affecting dorsal hands, flexural wrists and forearms, trunk, anterior lower legs and mucosa membranes


To know the changes of metabolism, endocrine and immunity of female juvenile judo athletes during 1 week high load training.juvenile female judo athletes were conducted for 1 week high load training.During different periods of the training, the indexes of CK, LDH,BUN,T,C and Ig were tested. After training, the changes of CK, LDH,BUN,T,C and Ig showed different regulations. The results suggested that these indexes more sensitively reflected the function situations of juvenile female judo athletes during training period.


............................................................................................................................ iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ....................................................................................................... v TABLE OF CONTENTS .......................................................................................................... vi LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................... xiii ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................................. xx LIST OF SYMBOLS ............................................................................................................. xxii CHAPTER ONE ........................................................................................................................


In this study, nondestructive, three-dimensional images of the internal microstructures of compacted bentonite samples in dry and water-saturated states were examined with the micro-CT.


Frost formation on the cooling coils of supermarket display cases causes a reduction in the operating efficiency of the refrigeration equipment. In order to optimize the_ defrost cycle of such systems it is important to study and understand the effects of frost formation. This paper presents the air side heat transfer coefficient results for an air coil that is typically used in supermarket applications. Nomenclature Acoil = exterior surface area of the coil [m] Ai =internal tube area [m] D::::: tube diameter [m] L\h = change in specific enthalpy [kJikg] L\T1m =log mean temperature difference [K] hi= inside heat transfer coefficient [W/(m K)] ho =outside heat transfer coefficient [W/(m K)] Introduction heff = effective outside heat transfer coeff. k =thermal conductivity [W/(m K)] Nu0 = Nusselt number (h D/k) Pr = Prandtl number Q = heat transfer rate [W] Rw = thermal impedance of tube wall [KIW] U =overall heat transfer coeff. [W/(m K)] Increasing interest with respect to the efficiency of modem HV AC&R equipment has led researchers to study and optimize the different components of HV AC&R systems. Some of the components that are constantly being studied and improved are the heat exchangers in a vapor compression cycle. Frost formation on the evaporator of a direct expansion vapor compression cycle causes a reduction in heat transfer capacity and reduces the overall cycle efficiency. Further frost formation will cause the cooling capacity to continue to decrease until the system must be turned off and the evaporator defrosted. Supermarkets face many cost related issues due to frost formation and the subsequent defrosting of display case air coils. When the vapor compression cycle is turned off and "the defrost cycle is activated to melt the ice on the air coil, there is an increase in temperature of the food products that are in the display case. Depending on the length of the defrost cycle the food temperature increase may exceed the maximum 1 Graduate Research Assistant, Purdue University 2 Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University


New mixed ligand Cr(III) complexes were prepared where diamine or oxalato ligands are coordinated together with either tellurito, selenito, or hydrogenselenito ions to form nine octahedral complexes. The complexes were characterized by chemical analyses, IR and UV-visible spectra, magnetic, and conductivity measurements. The tellurito and selenito ligands act as monodentate ligands, coupled with the bidentate diamine ligands. On the other hand, they act as bidentate chelate ligands when coordinated together with the oxalate ligand. However, hydrogenselenite ion act as a monodentate ligand coupled with the oxalate ligand. IR spectra indicated that the inorganic ligands are coordinated to the Cr(III) ion through their oxygen atoms. One of the bulky diamine molecules, 1,2-pn or 1,3-pn, was freed from the coordination sphere of Cr(III) on the addition of the bulky inorganic anions and was replaced by two water molecules.


. In Time Petri nets (TPNs), time and control are tightly connected: time measurement for a transition starts only when all resources needed to fire it are available. For many systems, one wants to start measuring time as soon as a part of the preset of a transition is filled, and fire it after some delay and when all needed resources are available. This paper considers an extension of TPN called waiting nets decoupling time measurement and control. Their semantics ignores clocks when upper bounds of intervals are reached but all resources needed to fire are not yet available. Firing of a transition is then allowed as soon as missing resources are available. It is known that extending bounded TPNs with stopwatches leads to undecidability. Our extension is weaker, and we show how to compute a finite state class graph for bounded waiting nets, yielding decidability of reachability and coverability. We then compare expressiveness of waiting nets with that of other models and show that they are strictly more expressive than TPNs.


The aim of this paper was to explore and present the impact of the academic collaboration in the progress of Science and Innovation in Italy and Albania as an important part of the MacroRegione Adriatico-Ioniana. We conducted an explorative and meta-analitic research based on Educational Policies and comprehensive estimations by different countries of the Europian Union Academic Institutions, the methods applied, the criteria used and the qualitative increase of scientific research. We focused on two factors:the impact of educational policies in the trend of research and the impact of the present collaboration in the academic growth. First, we found a high variation in the studies through insitutional settings which reflected the trends of the foreing academic researchers into European Institutions in the few last years. Second. we observed a qualitative change of trends in Albanian and Italian researchers towards scientific development. Finally, we demonstrated that the higher the scientific exchange collaboration, the more we might gain strength regarding educational policies and researching development. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2015.v4n2s2p105


Do employees want to have good working conditions – or do they demand them? The article argues that this makes a fundamental conceptual difference in the analysis of the orientation of employees and their self-constitution as social actors. Thus, we start with the distinction of "wishes" for and "expectations" of good working conditions. It is shown then that expectations made of work cannot be analysed without taking into account the biographical and social life; which are always and necessarily part of the demands made on work and life. At present, however, the self-confidence to make demands for good work has to be regarded as fundamentally unsettled, amongst those "normally" employed, i.e. in relatively stable employment. Yet, this uncertainty is not to be confused with the widely assumed internalisation of neoliberal invocations. It is precisely such internalisation that we do not find in the expectations of employees towards their work.


The study presents the situations of those women living in extreme poverty in whose families, any forms of the domestic violence against women and combinations of these occur regularly. It seeks to discover those conflicts and typical life situations in these families that trigger the abusive behaviour of the men. The study analyses the forms, types and combinations of violence.  Significant importance is given to the presentation of how the women react to the violence and why most of them accept it and why they are unable to escape from the violent relationship. The basis of the study is a qualitative research using 89 in depth interviews that aimed primarily to discover the situations of women living in extreme poverty. In this study, we briefly summarize the characteristics of domestic violence and putting major emphasis on these impacts on the women's sexual life.


Sponsors who have been lax in performing financial due diligence on their contractors have been given a wake-up call by the recent developments at aaiPharma.


S OF PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE 24th ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AUSTRALIAN COLLEGE OF PAEDIATRICS MAY, 1979 C3 SPLIT PRODUCTS: USE IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF INFECTION IN NEWBORN INFANTS J. H. Drew and Carlos M. Arroyave Presented by J . H. Drew Departments o f Medicine and Pediatrics, University o f Colorado, U.S.A. Newborn infants have an unusually high incidence of infection with associated high morbidity and mortality. Although infection is common the accuracy of diagnosis of the presence of infection is poor, leading to the frequent and often unnecessary use of potentially harmful antibiotics. The classical complement pathway is activated by antigen-antibody complexes and aggregated immunoglobins, whereas, the alternative pathway is activated by bacterial endotoxins and viral particles. C3 is the meeting point of the two pathways. Activation of the complement system can be determined by measuring the presence of C3 split products by counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE). The purpose of this study was to determine if activation of the complement system, judged by the presence of C3 split products, could be used to improve the diagnosis of bacterial infection in the newborn infant. Plasma was collected for 11 newborn infants with proven bacterial infection and 11 non-infected infants matched for Apgar score, birth weight, gestation and time after birth at which the sample was cob lected. The presence of C3 split products was determined by counterimmunoelectrophoresis. C3 split products were present in six of the 11 infected infants and in only one of the 11 matched noninfected control infants. Although C3 split products were not present in 100% of infected infants and there was a 9% false positive rate, this preliminary study suggests incorporation of C3 split products analysis by CIE. which only takes two hours to perform, may be of advantage in the routine study of patients suspected of having bacterial infection. ALTERNATIVE PATHWAY OF COMPLEMENT IN THE NEWBORN INFANT W. Koo, J. Ziegler and L. H. Stevens Presented by W. Koo School o f Paediatrics, U.N.S. W., Prince o f Wales Children's Hospital, and Royal Hospital for Women, Paddington, Sydney, N.S. W. A controlled prospective study was undertaken upon cord sera obtained from 108 babies delivered at the Royal Hospital for Women, Paddington, over a three-month period in 1978 aimed to delineate the groupls of neonate in whom there exists either quantitative or functional defect in the alternative pathway complement system. Levels of the alternative pathway component, factor B, were measured by electroimmunodiffusion using monospecific antiserum and functional activity was measured by the rate of neutrophil ingestion of opsonised radioactive oil emulsified with E. coli lipopolysaccharide. It was found that factor B levels in the cord sera were significantly lower than that of normal adult levels but there was no correlation with gestational age or birth weight of the baby. As expected factor B had a strong influence on the opsonic activity measured. Opsonic activity varied much more than factor B level and clearly is dependent on other factors in addition to factor B (the alternative pathway is known to involve at least six proteins including factor 8). It was found to be severely reduced in five babies. Opsonic activity tended to be higher in babies of a small number of mothers with fever during labour, a fact which could not be accounted for by the factor B levels. Rapid elevation of factor B level was observed in a baby with group B, Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus septicaemia. It is thus apparent that factor B levels remain at a significantly reduced level throughout the latter part of pregnancy but rise very quickly to adult levels after birth presumably in response to the change in environment encountered by the birth process. An important finding of this study was that although factor B levels have not been found to be drastically reduced there appears nevertheless a defect in opsonisation in some babies which may be an important factor in predisposing newborn children to serious infection. LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION I N CHILDHOOD NEPHROTIC SYNDROME D. Roberton, A. Hocking, C. Hosking, H. Powell and D. McCredie Presented by D. Roberton Departments o f Pathologyand Paediatrics, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Vic. In vitro lymphocyte responsiveness to differing concentrations of pokeweed mitogen, insolubilised concanavalin-A, and purified phytohaemagglutinin was found to be deficient during early relapse in a group of eleven children with a nephrotic syndrome. Plasma from these patients inhibited the responses of their own lymphocytes, as well as those of normal lymphocytes, to concanavalin-A and phytohaemagglutinin. The degree of inhibition varied according to the mitogen used. Plasma from several patients, including all those receiving steroids at the time of relapse, caused an augmented response of normal lymphocytes to pokeweed mitogen. These findings suggest altered activity of suppressor and helper lymphocyte subpopulations during early relapse in children with this disorder. The factors present in the plasma of these patients may represent regulatory mechanisms which are altered during the course of the disease process as part of a secondary response, or may be primary and important in the aetiology of the nephrotic syndrome. Suppressor cell activity may allow the development of the characteristic glomerular lesion, and may explain in part the clinical response to immunosuppressive agents in children with this disorder. The augmented pokeweed mitogen response probably represents an increase in B cell activity consequent on immunoglobulin losses. It is possible that some children are immunologically predisposed towards the development of a nephrotic syndrome. A SUCCESSFUL BONE MARROW TRANSPLANT WITH A POSITIVE LYMPHOCYTE CROSSMATCH J. M. Scurlock, M. Stuckey and J . Cullen Presented by J. Cullen Princess Margaret Hospital for Children. and lrnmunology Deparfment, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, W.A. A two-year-old Caucasian male with an unusual variant of severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) was successfully reconstituted with a bone marrow transplant, despite the presence of ABO incompatibility and a positive lymphocyte crossmatch. He had presented at five months of age with diarrhoea, failure to thrive and recurrent chest infections. Face and limbs were normal. Eczema and oral candidiasis were present. Lymph nodes and tonsils were absent. No thymus was seen on chest x-rays. T-cell numbers were reduced and transformation response absent. B-cell numbers and immunoglobulin concentrations were normal. Antibody titres were low or normal. Adenosine deaminase and pruine nucleoside phosphorylase were normal. Transfer factor and a foetal thymus graft failed, as did in vitro studies with thymosin.


The aim of the archaeological survey of the Ardahan-Horasan section, part of the BAKU-TBILISI-CEYHAN Pipeline Project, is to give a general overview of the distribution of archaeological sites in a wide geographical area that was never investigated. During the surveys the authors were able to collect a considerable amount of pottery, metal slags of both iron and copper alloys and volcanic obsidian raw materials.


No pulsation can be detected in any of the arteries of the left foot. Dr. N. S. Finzi found no skiagraphic sign (January, 1913) of any arterial calcification in the left leg below the knee. No disease in the thoracic and abdominal viscera or in the blood-vessels of the upper extremities has been discovered. Brachial systolic blood-pressure, 115 mm. Hg. A blood examination (January, 1913) gives: Red cells, 4,800,000 to the cubic millimetre of blood; white cells, 14,100; heemoglobin, 80 per cent. The urine is free from albumin and sugar.' Ophthalmoscopic examination shows nothing abnormal. There is no obvious muscular wasting in either lower extremity. The knee-jerks are excessive (as in some neurasthenic conditions). The plantar reflexes are normal, of the flexor type, in both feet. The patient is now, apparently, very moderate in his use of tobacco-he still smokes a few cigarettes-but on account of his business he will not give up smoking altogether. After treatment at the German Hospital in 1908, chiefly by rest in bed and iodipin, he was able to walk with less frequent pauses, but the necessary pauses have become more frequent again. The case was shown before the Clinical Section on January 14, 1910,1 and it is because of the relatively favourable course of the affection, the long quiescence in a relatively early stage of the disease, and because of possible difficulty in the diagnosis of such cases, that the patient is now brought forward again.


Title Comparative Anatomy of the Genitalia and the Internal Reproductive Organs of Ladybeetles belonging to Epilachna : (Systematic Studies of Coccinellidae, I) (With 7 Text-figures) Author(s) EHARA, Shôzô Citation 北海道大學理學部紀要 = JOURNAL OF THE FACULTY OF SCIENCE HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY Series VI. ZOOLOGY, 11(1): 21-33 Issue Date 1952-12 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/27108 Type bulletin File Information 11(1)_P21-33.pdf


[1] Co-Chair of the panel: Andrea De Vincenti and Andreas Hoffmann-Ocon (Zurich University of Teacher Education) [3] Panel: Body at Risk II: creating the social collective through education Religious, cultural, or social struggles and political and economic crises during the 19 th and 20 th century led to widespread and manifold fears and notions of the social body at risk. As the case may be, the social body was said to deteriorate and to fall apart (Pross 2013). Furthermore confidence in the actual society lacked in various historical contexts so that future and better societies were imagined and planned in various ways. The blueprint was formed according to the diagnosed risk that allegedly corroded the actual social body and focused for instance on homogeneity, justice or efficiency. As a possible solution to the perceived fragmentation of society, social engineers or experts were supposed to reconnect the social body by bringing in scientific knowledge (Etzemuller 2009). However, not only experts but also educational institutions and organisations should lead to a better society by educating the individual (Tanner 2012, Blom 2008). Scientific, moral and habitual knowledge transmitted by schools or educational colleges should heal or save the body at risk. Referring mainly to the body as Metaphor (subtheme 8), this panel explores how the social body in different historical contexts was imagined and how education should help to achieve it. Thus, on the one hand it asks who or what was included in or excluded from the "organic whole" (Poovey 1995, 8) of the imagined social collective. On the other hand, it focuses on education as the means by whom the envisaged social body should be formed. Furthermore, it outlines the various educational concepts, measures and interventions that were supposed to heal or save the body at risk. [bibliography] Blom, Philipp, Der taumelnde Kontinent. Europa 1900-1914. Munchen: Carl Hanser, 2008. Pross, Caroline, Dekadenz, Studien zu einer grossen Erzahlung der fruhen Moderne, Gottingen: Wallstein 2013. Etzemuller, Thomas, Social engineering als Verhaltenslehre des kuhlen Kopfes. Eine einleitende Skizze, in: Ders. (Hg.), Die Ordnung der Moderne. Social Engineering im 20. Jahrhundert, Bielefeld: Transcript 2009, 11-39. Poovey, Mary, Making a Social Body: British Cultural Formation, 1830-1864. Chicago: University of Chicago Press 1995. Tanner, Jakob, Eugenics before 1945. Journal of Modern European History, 2012, Vol. 10, No. 4, S. 458-479. [4] [Paper I] Teaching for Utopia. Concepts of the Social Body in Swiss Teacher Education in the first Half of the Twentiest Century (Andreas Hoffmann-Ocon and Andrea De Vincenti, Zurich University of Teacher Education; email@example.com; email@example.com) The school was conceived of as a social place to make better humans in order to build a better society. Accordingly, educational concepts and interventions were ascribed the power to create the allegedly vulnerable or even lost social cohesion. Especially schools and colleges of teacher education were supposed to form individuals that understood themselves as a part of the social body and were willing to contribute to economic, social and political well-being of the whole social collective. These utopian social collectives historically have been used by various exponents and from very different ideological perspectives to fight eg. for or against democracy, freedom, equality, modernity, alienation or the existing society (Spitta 2013, S. 12). This paper examines writings by teacher educators in the first half of the 20 th century that imagined a social body torn together by educational intervention (Wyss 1922, 5). In order to legitimate their position, they often referred to an allegedly vulnerable or even lost social cohesion and conveyed the need for educational interventions such as the "social education" (Wyss 1928) on the individual that must be trained to see himself as part of a collective and overcome differences in socialisation in heterogeneous milieus (Guyer 1934, 19). Teacher educators referred for instance to the concept of auturgy in the context of the "Arbeitsschulbewegung" but also to American pedagogy and psychology. [bibliography] Guyer, Walter, Unsere schweizerische Schule. Ihr Geist. Ihr Standort. Ihre nationale Aufgabe. Frauenfeld, Leipzig: Huber 1934. Wyss, Wilhelm v., Soziale Erziehung. Bestrebungen und Versuche in amerikanischen Schulen. Zurich: Orell Fussli 1922. Wyss, Wilhelm v., Zur Frage der Pflege des Gemeinschaftslebens an schweizerischen Madchen-Mittelschulen. In: Lebendige Schule. Zur Erziehung und Schulung junger Madchen. Zurich und Leipzig. Orell Fussli 1928. Spitta, Juliane, Gemeinschaft jenseits von Identitat? Uber die paradoxe Renaissance einer politischen Renaissance, Bielefeld: Transcript 2013. [Paper II] Constructing the 'efficient body'. Body politics and the formation of "empirische Bildungsforschung" (empirical education research) in Western Germany, 1954-1964 (Britta Behm, Research Library for the History of Education (BBF, Berlin)/ Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin (HU); firstname.lastname@example.com) To this day, Georg Picht's diagnose of a major crisis of German education in 1964 (he stated a "deutsche Bildungskatastrophe") is seen as a beacon for the subsequent massive reforms in the education sector. Using several statistics in his analysis he linked the state of emergency in education with the prediction of economic decline ("Bildungsnotstand heist wirtschaftlicher Notstand"). In the course of his argument the pupil's body subtly became a cipher of potential achievement and efficiency (der Abiturient als "Kapital" und "geistige[s] Potential"). Just ten years earlier, this kind of linking educational items to economic categories seemed not only to be marginal but more or less banned far beyond the educational discourse. At that time, e.g. Hellmut Becker, a close friend of Pichts and since 1963 director of the newly founded Max Planck-Institute for Human Development in Berlin, which should bring forward the so called "empirische Bildungsforschung" (empirical education research), had interpreted the perceived crisis of the school system as a result of a bureaucratic world ("verwaltete Welt") and had propagated the educational goal of the 'free human' ("freie[r] Mensch") (1954). So, what happened between 1954 and 1964? How can the hinted change in the politics of knowledge be explained and how was it linked with body images (individual and collective ones)? This talk explores those questions focusing historically on the formation of "empirische Bildungsforschung" in Western Germany since 1945. Furthermore, it pursues to some extent the relation between "knowledge" and "body" as historiographical categories. [bibliography] Becker, Hellmut, Die verwaltete Schule. In: Merkur (1954) 8/12, 1155-1177. Picht, Georg, Die deutsche Bildungskatastrophe (1964). Munchen 1965. [Paper III] Music education as "Statte der Kollektivbildung" (site for the formation of the social collective) in GDR, 1961-1989 (Josefine Wahler, Research Library for the History of Education (BBF, Berlin)/ Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin (HU); email@example.com) The allegedly community-building effect of music plays an important role in many cultures, not least because of the emotions that are said to be provoked and transported by it. These collective-forming and emotional aspects of music, particularly its aesthetic impact, was in GDR co-opted by Party and State in support of their political statements and for the purpose of a marxist-ideological "Bildung und Erziehung" (Cultivation and Education). Music education in the education system of the GDR aimed to form "allseitig gebildete sozialistische Personlichkeiten" (well-rounded socialists). Music education was incorporated in the state-prescribed principle to implement the "Einheit von Bildung und Erziehung" in class. The acquisition of musical knowledge and skills enabled the students to understand the social function of music and to mobilize them to actively participate in the shaping of the cultural life of the GDR. Singing together as a class in school and outside in organized groups, as a collective practice, assumed a key function in GDR music education. It should demonstrate strength and solidarity inward and outwards and likewise express the attitude towards life in socialist society. This paper examines the extent that GDR music education between 1961 an 1989 served as "Statte der Kollektivbildung" and its system-stabilizing effects. My paper utilizes source materials from the archive and library collections at the Research Library for the History of Education in Berlin in order to examine the collective practices of singing, playing and listening to music, as well as the use of certain songs for "communitarization" and maintenance of social stability in GDR. [bibliography] Hoffmann, Karl, Methodik Musikunterricht, Berlin 1976. Siedentop, Sieglinde, Musikunterricht in der DDR. Musikpadagogische Studien zu Erziehung und Bildung in den Klassen 1 bis 4. Augsburg 2000.


and unskilled stage to a condition of interpersonal affiliation and harmony as a member of his society. Therefore, the degree of a child's social maturity can be defined as the level of significant social behavior attained at a given age. Social maturity may be assessed according to the way it is manifested in the child behavior, and the result is determined in part by the behavioral items included in the measuring instrument. We know from experience that there are different aspects in the social maturity of a child, but most factors have not been defined from empirical research. For instance, Doll (1935) grouped the 117 items in his Vineland Social Maturity Scale into eight categories of social behavior and Pechstein and Munn (1939) defined 14 categories of social behavior in primary grade children, but these behavioral categories have not been confirmed with empirical research.


The objective of this study is to analyze the present and future climate-tourism conditions in Milos Island, Cyclades, Greece, by means of the assessment of the three climate components (physical, thermal, and aesthetic), which interprets the so-called climatic tourism potential. Milos Island is chosen as a representative island of the Cyclades complex in the Aegean Sea. Future climate change conditions are analyzed using the high-resolution simulations (grid size 0.11° × 0.11°) of the Regional Climate Model ALADIN 5.2 from Centre National de Recherche Meteorologiques, Meteo France (CNRM). The climate simulations concern the future periods 2021–2050 and 2071–2100 against the reference period 1961–1990, under two Representative Concentration Pathways, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. Based on regional climate simulations, the tourism potential can be described in a meaningful and simple way by applying the Climate-Tourism-Information-Scheme (CTIS), which depicts detailed climate information that could be used by tourists to foresee the thermal comfort, aesthetic, and physical conditions for planning their vacations. More specifically, the thermal climate component is interpreted by the Physiologically Equivalent Temperature (PET), which is one of the most popular physiological thermal indices based on the human energy balance. The findings of the analysis could be used by stakeholders and the tourism industry in decision-making regarding the destination of Milos for tourism planning and touristic infrastructure development.


This study was conducted to determine the relationship between computing students' initial and final academic performance to support decision making in higher education institutions. The data used in this research contains the initial GPA and CGPA of 710 computing students for a period of 5 years. Test of normality for the final graduating results and linear regression models were fitted to the data to predict the overall performance based on the initial result. This study revealed that there are strong linear relationships between the GPAs and CGPAs of computing students over the period of this study. The contribution of this work is that the result enables the student and the teacher to understand the trend of students' academic performance for the purpose of decisionmaking. Keeping track of the performance of the students help provide support whenever is needed. This results aimed to decrease student dropout by means of facilitating student to predict their probability of success in computing courses after enrollment. In addition, teachers will be able to boost student performance in their courses as a result of enhanced determination of student's abilities to learn the course and finetuning teaching approaches and techniques.


This article describes the composition, control principle and fault diagnosis of domestic brake system of Guangzhou Metro Line2,combined with the investigation and analysis of the typical fault of domestic brake system, the application in field application of domestic brake system has more advantages than KNORR system of Germany.


Aiming at the confusing problems of author search,this paper,from analyzing the effects of the relevant search rules of Ei Web system and exploring the constructional laws of author search terms,introduced the mathematical method to construct the author search formula,verified the formula by examples and finally proposed the formulation strategy of author search.


This paper presents a detailed thermal simulation analysis of the drilling process for icy soil in the lunar polar region. The aim is to investigate the temperature changes that occur in the debris removal area during the drilling process. We developed a multi-level particle size simulation model that includes a thermal sieve based on geometric constraints to evaluate the influence of specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity on particle temperature. Using the central composite design method, we carried out the simulation test design and analyzed the average temperature difference of particles within and outside the range of the thermal sieve. The parameters of the discrete element model were determined by comparing the temperature of the debris removal zone in the lunar environment with the temperature simulated by the discrete element method. The results show that the thermal conductivity of the sieve ranges from 100 to 400 W/m, and the average temperature inside the thermal sieve is negatively related to the specific heat capacity. The temperature deviation of the chip removal area is ±10 °C, which is consistent with the temperature deviation observed in the lunar environment and the lunar icy regolith drilling test. Furthermore, the addition of the thermal sieve to the multi-stage particle size simulation modeling significantly reduces the calculation time by 86%. This reduction in computational time may potentially increase the efficiency of drilling operations in the future. Our study provides insights into the thermal behavior of lunar icy regolith during drilling, and proposes a numerical model of heat transfer with a thermal sieve that can effectively reduce computational time while ensuring accurate temperature calculations.


Site and strand specific nicking at a transfer origin (oriT) is the central event in initiation of transfer DNA replication during bacterial conjugation. Recently, sequence identity in a DNA region adjacent to the nick sites of IncP plasmids RP4 and R751 and part of the border sequences of agrobacterial Ti and Ri plasmids has been demonstrated (Figure 1 and ref. 1). A search for this 'nick region' in a variety of transfer origins of other plasmids demonstrates its conservation in R64 (Incll) and pTFFC2, a mobilizable plasmid from Thiobacillus ferrooxidans (Figure 1, ref. 2). This finding is paralleled by occurrence of a common sequence motif in proteins (DNA-relaxases) encoded by the respective plasmids that interact with their cognate nick regions (Figure 2). Using the corresponding consensus sequence, a search in protein data bases (NBRF-Protein Release 27.0; Swiss-Prot Release 16.0) revealed that the 'relaxase motif is also occurring in potential DNA-relaxing proteins (Rlx) of mobilizable plasmids from S.aureus (Figure 2).


We investigate the importance of accounting for the transient time within the framework of the statistical approach (SA) for describing the fission process beginning from the quasistationary nuclear configuration. Two arguments are given in favor of the positive point of view on this problem. First, the average scission time is shown to be always larger than the inverse quasistationary fission rate by the value that is close to the transient time {tau}{sub r}. Second, comparing the SA and the combined dynamical statistical approach (CDSA), we have found that suppressing the fission process for some delay time in the framework of the SA significantly reduces the amount of disagreement between the values of proper observables calculated using the SA and the CDSA.


Introduction of material control before cement-soil mixing pile construction,quality control during the construction and quality testing methods after pile build.Put forward the importance and necessity of strengthening quality supervision in the course of cement-soil mixing pilein construction,so as to ensure the quality of construction.


In the midst of a pluralistic community life as problems occur that require legal resolution, so that the settlement has certainty. The complexity of legal issues becomes very dilemmatic. Even the law lags far behind when compared to the current incidence of crimes and offenses. However, amid the complexity of violations and crimes today, the law must provide legal certainty and a sense of security in society. One of the violations that concerns violations of technical requirements and roadworthiness is the use of exhaust racing / not stanfdar which directly shows an attitude of not having traffic ethics, where the use of "exhaust racing" violates Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Transport Traffic.  By conducting raids on the control of two-wheeled motorized vehicles with noise, it is hoped that there will be legal awareness of the public to return to using standard knalopt so that it can reduce pollution that arises and can realize the comfort of fellow road users.


Simple Summary Breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women, and the importance of NR function in breast cancer biology has been recognized since the turn of the 20th century. The nuclear receptor family of transcription factors is associated with cancer development and progression, informs diagnostic and prognostic outcomes, and is an established therapeutic target. Across all subtypes of breast cancer, crosstalk between NR pathways and other signalling pathways has also been demonstrated. Recent critical findings into modulating these NRs, particularly Type 1 NRs, have led to clinical trials and a greater understanding of their mechanism of action. Here, we reviewed the current preclinical insights into the role of Type 1 NRs in breast cancer that have served as a catalyst for clinical translation. Abstract The nuclear receptor (NR) family of transcription factors is intimately associated with the development, progression and treatment of breast cancer. They are used diagnostically and prognostically, and crosstalk between nuclear receptor pathways and growth factor signalling has been demonstrated in all major subtypes of breast cancer. The majority of breast cancers are driven by estrogen receptor α (ER), and anti-estrogenic therapies remain the backbone of treatment, leading to clinically impactful improvements in patient outcomes. This serves as a blueprint for the development of therapies targeting other nuclear receptors. More recently, pivotal findings into modulating the progesterone (PR) and androgen receptors (AR), with accompanying mechanistic insights into NR crosstalk and interactions with other proliferative pathways, have led to clinical trials in all of the major breast cancer subtypes. A growing body of evidence now supports targeting other Type 1 nuclear receptors such as the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), as well as Type 2 NRs such as the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Here, we reviewed the existing preclinical insights into nuclear receptor activity in breast cancer, with a focus on Type 1 NRs. We also discussed the potential to translate these findings into improving patient outcomes.


Eisenstein, Paul. Traumatic Encounters: Holocaust Representation and the Hegelian Subject. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2003.236 pp. $ 57.50 hardcover, $18.95 paperback. Hegel is the hero in Paul Eisenstein's thought-provoking and courageous book, but readers unenthusiastic about Hegel will find compelling insights in Eisenstein's readings of Steven Spielberg's Schindler's List, D. M. Thomas's The White hotel, Thomas Mann's Doctor Faustus, David Grossman's see Under: Love, and Primo Levi's The Periodic Table. Eisenstein reaches back to Kantian philosophy and forward to Lacanian psychoanalysis to explain Hegel's thesis that "the particular is already universal" (61). This formulation clears the space for Eisenstein to enlist Hegel in incisive critiques not only of liberalism's foundational fantasies but also of deconstruction's endless deferral of an encounter with the "Real." Eisenstein argues that the liberal-democratic position disowns the instability or inconsistency that is internal to democratic social relations. At the level of structure, then, this liberal disavowal bears resemblance to the fascist disavowal of structural trauma, i.e., trauma not caused by a historical event but rather constitutive of subjectivity. In both cases, "the absence of real solidarity can be accounted for by pointing to an external cause capable of explaining the current inability of a society to gain full possession of itself " (43). Though deconstruction would appear to offer an alternative to such scapegoating mechanisms in its insistence on the incessant slippage of meaning and on the impossibility of foundations or full self-presence, Eisenstein claims that deconstruction sustains the symbolic order by positing the encounter with trauma as "futural, always yet-to-come" (52). Eisenstein intervenes here to propose a view of "the experience of trauma as having already happened, as a structural necessity capable of (and worth) being reexperienced again" (53). The author maintains that works of fiction such as see Under: Love make possible an encounter with structural trauma via particular, historical trauma and that precisely such "traumatic encounter" is the only viable antidote to paranoid fantasies that seek to mend structural lack through historical intervention. For Eisenstein, the encounter with structural trauma in historical trauma is the proper work of bearing witness. He argues that such an encounter would prevent (the violent enactment of) fascist fantasies of repair. Eisenstein proposes a conscious or willed encounter with structural trauma as a way to counter the use made of totalizing by fascism. …


Objective To investigate the consistency between nation and foreign prenatal screening systemss in the second trimester pregnancy.Methods collect 643 14-21 weeks pregnant women serum specimens(conventional venous blood sampling,not anticoagulation),detect the serum markers respectively by Autobio(national) Chemiluminescent asssay system(AFP + Freeβ-HCG) and PerkinElmer(foreige) time resolution immunofluorescence assay system(AFP + Free β-HCG),investigate the correlation of the Results between the two asssay systems and consistency in risk adjustment.Results Both prenatal screening system show good correlation in serum markers test results,both the correlation coefficient R higher than 0.97,coincidence rate is 99.8% between two systems in neural tube defects(NTD) risk adjustment,99.2% in down's syndrome risk adjustment.Conclusion Two assay system presents the good correlation in serum markers test Results,and have no statistically significant in risk adjustment(P 0.05).


− This paper uses several functions in the Mizar library as basic operations to formalize Dijkstra's Shortest Path Algorithm, which has important applications in many fields, e.g., the Internet OSPF protocol. Although descriptions of this algorithm abound in the literature, many articles on the topic are short on discussions of the rationale of this algorithm due to its complexity. This paper attempts to adopt a formal approach to discussing the rationale behind the algorithm and gives a number of useful and interesting theorems related to it. Some results appear for the first time in this paper.


Art an expressive medium uniquely human, involving conscious use of skill and creative imagination. Technology is reinventing how art and designs are made which is more efficient, faster and more accurate. The embracing of technologies by the textile world has accelerated the consumption of textile products in the 21st century compared to the previous centuries. It has made it simpler for different brands in the fashion industry to display their styles and vogues to a larger audience while the emergence of designing applications has made designs unique. Using the art of the 1990s as an example, there are obvious differences and improvements in the means of expression and content compared to the art of the 21st century. The increase in the use of computers and the internet made it simpler for people's interactions and sharing of ideas which contributed to growth in the industry. This paper identified how information technology has enhanced the growth of arts and textile industry.


This bachelor thesis deals with syntax from the contrastive point of view. The main aim is to ascertain the occurrence of German equivalent to Czech particles trochu and lehce. The fundamental resource of this research is the language corpus INTERCORP. The thesis comprises a theoretical part which defines particles as a discrete word class and also defines individual particle subclasses. The results of the practical research are then processed into clearly arranged graphs and tables. The comparison of dictionaries to individual particle occurrence appears in the conclusion


Use of an extract from the plant Eriobotrya japonica as a cosmetic agent for stimulating the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) by the cells of the skin, in particular by the fibroblasts and / or keratinocytes, the said cosmetic agent of a cosmetic composition is incorporated into the cosmetically a acceptable vehiculum (carrier), wherein the cosmetic composition further comprises: - at least one additive selected from the group consisting of retinoids, humectants or moisturizers, vitamins, ceramides, substances which promote the synthesis of collagen and amino acids, and / or - one or more of the following active substances (active principles): - a hyaluronidase inhibitor - an elastase inhibitor - an amino sugar - a Cyclaseadenylat-activator which promotes the synthesis of AMP - AMP - a phosphodiesterase inhibitor that counteracts the degradation of AMP


In this paper the general class of indefinite qu asi affine Kac Moody algebras QAG2 (1) are considered. The root system of this family is studied; in particular, the short and long real roots are obtained and some of the basic properties of imaginary roots are studied for a particular class. This class is found to satisfy the purely imaginary prop erty, i.e. all the imaginary roots are purely imaginary; isotropic and minimal imaginary roots are computed for a particular class of quasi affine Kac Moody algebras belonging to the family QAG2 . The complete set of connected, non isomorphic Dynkin diagrams of QAG2 , where an extended vertex is connected to either one, two or all three vertices of the base affine family G2 (1) is given. This classification is the generalization of the one obtained earlier, wherein , only the case where the extended vertex of QAG 2 (1) is connected to all the three vertices of the affine family G2 . Among this set of diagrams, the extended hyperbolic type and diagrams of indefinite, non extended hyperbolic type are identi f ed.


The paper discusses how to improve the utilization ratio of periodical in university library providing with subjective and objective elements.


Objective: To observe the effect of intranasal Butorphanol on the end-tidal pressure of Isoflurane(PETIso) and the recovery profiles in craniotomy patients.Methods: A randomized,double-blind,parallel study was used.60 patients of our hospital who was undergoing selective craniotomy in this study were selected and divided into Butorphanol group(group B) and normal saline group(group S),group B was given Butorphanol Tartrate Spray in nasal with 2 puffs(2 mg);Group S was given normal saline with 2 puffs.The medicine was given 15 minutes before anesthesia induction.The concentration of Isoflurane was adjusted to maintain the mean arterial pressure(MAP) within(+10%)-(-20%) of baseline and was recorded at each point of operation.The blood pressure,PETIso and BIS were observed.Results: In group B,the PETIso after the points of skin incision,skull drilling,and skull opening were significantly less than that in group S(P0.01);The PETIso in group B at the points of dura incision,intracranial procedure beginning,intracranial 10,20,30 min and suture dura were lower than that in group S(P0.05).Conclusion: The application of Butorphanol Tartrate in nasal with 2 mg about 15 min before anesthesia can effectively decrease the PETIso of neurosurgical patients during skull opening and intracranial procedure.


In this letter, a loop antenna for multiband handset applications is proposed and investigated. The ground clearance required for the proposed antenna structure is relatively small in comparison to that of a conventional planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) or a monopole with an antenna height of 0.013λo. The specific antenna geometry favors current large-display smartphones. The antenna radiates at three different modes, which cover GSM850/900/1800/1900/UMTS. An additional short on the loop controls high-frequency resonances.


It is found that the work function of W(100) sur$ace is selectively reduced by CO-. adsorption of Ti and Si, instead of co-adsorption of Ti and 0. It has been widely believed that adsorption of oxygen with the transition metal is essential for the selective reduction, but here we are successful to show that the adsorption of oxygen is not an essential factor. This experimental evidence may suggest that the atomic configuration on the W(100) sur$ace plays an essential role.


This Research presents the improvement of the processing speed of the vision system at Robot ERSOW using Robot Operating System. In Mobile robot Soccer ERSOW to perform the ability to find the ball, kick the ball, avoid the obstacles, and shooting the ball into the goal, accurate supporting data is required. There are 3 objects that have been detected by this vision system, that is ball detection, robot detection, and obstacles detection. Based on the number of objects detected, vision systems in ERSOW robot require large computations and processing times. Therefore, by using Robot Operating System (ROS), the speed of the object detection process in the ERSOW robot vision system can increase rapidly. In addition, using ROS and the upgraded detection concept will consume less memory computing. In this research, the result of ball detection average FPS will increase by ±17.19% and the average computation of the ball detection will decrease by ±16.67% with the average speed processing ± 18ms. For obstacle detection using ROS, the average FPS will increase by ±32.92% and the average computation will decrease by ±16.10% with the average speed processing ± 13ms. And for the detection of robots using ROS, the average FPS will increase by ±19.07% and the average computation will decrease by ±13.78% with the average speed processing ± 26ms.


The design about adumbral instruments and heat insulation is the important aspect in the energy-saving design in torrid districts in summer.It directly affects the energy consuming and the comfortable degree about the pyrology environment.Through analysis on users,application mode,building shape,building material and construction mode of buildings in Shanghai primary schools,a series of sunshade and thermal insulation strategies are adopted,such as adoption of external enclosure structure with high thermal inertia,south external corridor sunshade,virescence sunshade,improvement of heat reflection of enclosure structure.


Purpose To compare the bacteriostatic action of chloramphenicol-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin eye drops,chloramphenicol-sodium hyaluronate eye drops and chloramphenicol eye drops on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.Methods The bacterial inhibition ring test was carried out for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.Results There was no significant difference in bacteriostatic action of three different eye drops on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.Conclusion Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin enhances the stability of chloramphenicol eye drops,but has no effect on its bacteriostatic action.


Nowadays, there is no universal method for measuring the effectiveness of the logistic system, which takes into account its dynamics and the whole variety of alternatives determining the processes occurring in it. This article presents the result of scientific research on the effectiveness of logistics system. The logistics costs or profit, which is formed during the promotion of material flows, can be defined as one universal parameter with which the effectiveness of the whole logistics system. The analysis of the regional practices in logistics shows that there are five key indicators of system's effectiveness such as the aggregate logistical costs, the quality level of the logistics service, the overall performance of the business system, the total duration of the logistic processes in the system and the quality of logistics operations.


The solubilities of aminocaproic acid in four monosolvents (isopropanol, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and water) and three binary solvents (methanol–water, ethanol–water, and dimethylformamide–water) were measured by the static analytical method from 283.15 to 323.15 K at atmospheric pressure. In monosolvents, the solubility increases with the increase of temperature. Also, the solubility of aminocaproic acid in water is much higher than that in other organic solvents. In binary solvents, the solubility increases with the increase of the temperature and the mole fraction of water. The solubility data was well correlated by the Apelblat equation, λh equation, and NRTL equation, and the mixing properties of enthalpy, Gibbs energy, and entropy have also been discussed.


The Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows (VRPTW) is existed in the transportation system, and it is the routing of a vehicle to serve a given set of geographically distributed requests, subject to capacity and time constraints. The problem is known as combinational optimization problem, to solve the problem takes a huge processing time, algorithms called metaheuristics is needed to solve it. In this paper, a new technique of Ant Colony System (ACS) which is one of metaheuristics for VRPTW is proposed, and is improved by incorporating in 2-points exchanging method.


An alternative method to analyze a class of nonlinear systems in a bond graph approach is proposed. It is well known that the analysis and synthesis of nonlinear systems is not a simple task. Hence, a first step can be to linearize this nonlinear system on an operation point. A methodology to obtain linearization for consecutive points along a trajectory in the physical domain is proposed. This type of linearization determines a group of linearized systems, which is an approximation close enough to original nonlinear dynamic and in this paper is called dynamic linearization. Dynamic linearization through a lemma and a procedure is established. Therefore, linearized bond graph models can be considered symmetric with respect to nonlinear system models. The proposed methodology is applied to a DC motor as a case study. In order to show the effectiveness of the dynamic linearization, simulation results are shown.


Historically, atoms and molecules have proved an excellent playground for physicists aiming to understand many of the physical phenomena that govern the world around us. Atomic emission lines – the colours of light emitted by atoms when they absorb sufficient energy – have proved an important demonstration of the role quantum mechanics plays in describing atomic behaviour. It was also these spectral lines that led to the discovery of new types of electronic configurations Ríos has been using methods originally developed for atomic and molecular physics to re-examine some of the biggest challenges in physics.


We have investigated a method of discriminating EEG changes during emotional and cognitive states in healthy volunteers who responded to three designed states, in which the subjects were relaxing with ease with closed eyes, listening to music and computing a simple subtraction with closed eyes. Especially, we estimated EEG dimensional complexity by Skinner's point-wise correlation dimension (PD2) method for each mental state. It was found that the subjects, who responded that they had concentrated more during the arithmetic task, show higher PD2 in their non-linear EEG measures, in comparison with the subjects who responded that they had not concentrated during the task. This high PD2 is also significant in statistical analysis. A subject who had the highest score in evaluating the degree of induced emotion during emotional task shows significantly lower PD2 in statistical analysis than other subjects who had low scores. For these results, linear spectral analyses were performed; however, they did not show any significant difference. Only non-linear dynamical analysis shows the significant difference of the mental states.


In this paper, a novel Resistive Random‐Access Memory (RRAM) read circuit has been designed and verified by simulation based on the RRAM model and parasitic capacitance of the circuit. Simulation results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed circuit, with accurate reading of RRAM states and fast reading speed in the nanosecond range. The sense margin of the proposed circuit has improved as the array size increases, enhancing its application for advanced node RRAM array manufacture. Compared with conventional circuits, the proposed circuit achieved power consumption reduction of 6% and area reduction of 46.9 um2, resulting in a 97.5% reduction in area, providing an effective solution to address the cost and chip size challenges associated with RRAM industrialization.


A piston pin comprising a tubular body enclosed by end caps, the end caps being secured to the tubular body by an extrusion extending into a recess in the inner periphery of the tubular body, and said extrusion being formed when said end cap is hammered into the tubular body so that an end of the end cap abuts against an annular wall in the tubular body adjacent the recess to force the end cap material into the recess. Preferably, the end cap includes an axial bore, and a transverse bore for communicating between the axial bore and the periphery of the cap, and the transverse bore is positioned so that it communicates with an area adjacent a tapered end portion of the tubular body. In a preferred method of forming piston pins according to the present invention, the tubular body is heated before the plug is hammered into position within the end of the tubular body. Once the end cap has been installed in the tubular body, the end cap and the axial end of the tubular body can be finish machined as desired.


Zein nanofibers containing cyclodextrins (zein/CD) were produced via electrospinning. Three types of CDs ( -CD, -CD and -CD) having 10%, 25% and 50% (w/w) were individually incorporated into zein nanofibers. SEM imaging elucidated that the morphologies of the electrospun zein/CD nanofibers depended on the CD type and weight percentage. The incorporation of CDs in zein improved the electrospinnability and bead-free nanofibers were obtained at lower zein concentrations. Zein/CD nanofibers


The invention relates to a four-point seat belt device, which can match with the different shapes of passengers to fix the passenger body. The four-point seat belt device (1) comprises a right waist belt (51R) and a left waist belt (51L), which press the waist of a passenger in the seat; a right shoulder belt (61R) and a left shoulder belt (61L), which press the shoulders of a passenger in the seat; a driving unit, which is used to reel the right waist belt (51R), the left waist belt (51L), the right shoulder belt (61R), and the left shoulder belt (61L) and comprises a right reeling device (21R), a left reeling device (21L), a right-upper reeling device (31R), and a left-upper reeling device (31L); and a connection detection part, which is used to detect the buckle (53) connection state of the right waist belt (51R), the left waist belt (51L), the right shoulder belt (61R), and the left shoulder belt (61L). when the connection detection part (54) finds that all connections are normal, the driving unit loosen the right waist belt (51R) and the left waist belt (51L) temporarily.


Entrepreneurial ecosystem development is a process occurring over a period of time. Successful ecosystems are highly developed and matured. The two often-cited benchmarks in this regard are Silicon Valley and Israel, which are uniquely identified for their success in entrepreneurship development and for generating in one year, more successful startups than any other nation would have done in years or decades (Arruda et al., 2013). If the structure of an ecosystem has to be understood for policy implications, it would be appropriate to probe how each ecosystem originated and developed over time, as this has not been adequately explored in the context of entrepreneurial ecosystems for technology startups, as of now (Motoyama & Watkins, 2014).


Analysis of genetic main effects and genotype×environment (GE) interaction effects for brown rice weight (BRW) at four different filling stages in indica rice ( Oryza sativa L.) was conducted for two_year experimental data by using developmental genetic models and corresponding statistical approaches for quantitative traits of seeds in cereal crops. It was indicated that the genetic main effects and their GE interaction effects of triploid endosperm, cytoplasmic and diploid maternal plant genes were important for BRW at different filling stages of rice, especially for endosperm or maternal additive main effects and their additive interaction effects. Because of the higher additive effects and additive interaction effects for BRW at different filling stages, the better improving effects for this trait could be expected by selection in rice breeding. The results of conditional genetic variance components showed that the new expression of quantitative genes in endosperm and maternal plant for BRW was mostly found at all different filling stages of rice. The gene expression, however, was most active at the early filling stages especially for the first (1-7 d) and the second filling stages (8-14 d after flowering). The phenomena that some genes were spasmodically expressible among filling stages of rice were detected for some genetic effects especially for net cytoplasmic main effects or its interaction effects and net dominance main effects. Predicted genetic effects at different filling stages of rice showed that some parents such as V20 and Zuo 5 were better than others for improving the BRW.


In this work the workability,mechanical properties,durability and volume stability of concrete with metakaolin( MK) and silica fume( SF) were comparatively studied. Concretes containing 0%,3%,6%,9% and 12% of MK and SF were prepared respectively. The results show that the slump of fresh concrete decreases with the incorporation of MK and SF. The influence of MK on slump is more obvious than SF. MK and SF both increase concrete strength significantly,while MK gives better early age strength and flexural strength. Concrete chloride diffusion coefficient decreases obviously with increases of replacement level of MK and SF. It is found that MK concrete has similar chloride resistance to SF concrete. The drying shrinkage after 14 d is reduced both for MK concrete and SF concrete,compared with the plain concrete. It should be mentioned that the improvement effect of MK on drying shrinkage is much better than SF.


The description of algorithm and results of development of the software package for accumulation and use of the empirical information is given, with the purpose of increase of efficiency of diagnosing of radioelectronic means.


Data is big, data is diverse, data comes in zillion formats, it is important to ensure the safety and security of the shared data. With existing systems limited and evolving, the objective of the current research work is to develop a robust Image Encryption technique that is adept and effective at handling heterogeneous data and can withstand state-of-the-art hacking efforts such as brute force attacks, cropping attacks, mathematical attacks, and differential attacks. The proposed Efficient DNA Cryptographic System (EDCS) model presents a pseudorandom substitution method using logistic sine cosine chaotic maps, wherein there is very little correlation between adjacent pixels, and it can decode the image with or without noise, thereby making the proposed system noise-agnostic. The proposed EDCS-based Image model using Chaotic Maps showed enhancements in parameters such as Unified Average Changing Intensity (UACI), Number of Pixels Change Rate (NPCR), Histogram, and Entropy when compared with existing image security methods.


As China is at the primary stage of socialism and in the period of industrialized rapid development,safety production form is still severe with the influence of the unbalanced productivity level.At present,the social science field investigates the reasons of the frequent occurrence of mine disasters from the perspective of public management,showing the problems such as the driving of economic interest,lack of security awareness,absence of regulatory functions,little compensation of the mine disaster and so on.This article,starting from the approaches of public management,presents some measures to strengthen and perfect industry permission,disaster compensation,as well as prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis to reduce accidents and ensure the safe production of coal industry.


Abstract: The legal basis for Tax Collection in Indonesia is the 1945 Constitution Article 23A. Not all individual taxpayers registered in KPP Pratama Batam Utara fulfill their obligations to pay the tax, which means very low tax compliance. The Directorate-General of Tax has the authority to assess the taxpayers' compliance to meet the tax obligations. The tax sanction is a (preventive) tax instrument for taxpayers to keep them from violating tax values. Understanding the tax regulations affects taxpayers' compliance with their tax obligations. Tax amnesty helps restructure development through tax. This research aims to partially and simultaneously study the influence of tax audit, administration sanction, regulation understanding, and tax amnesty on taxpayers' compliance as registered in KPP Pratama Batam Utara. The data in the research was collected using a quantitative approach through questionnaires circulated using Google Form and with the Slovin formula and obtained a total of 98 samples. This research results showed that: 1) tax audit positively and significantly affects the Taxpayers' Compliance by 0.5%, 2) Administration Sanction positively and significantly affects Taxpayers' Compliance by 29.8%, 3) tax regulation understanding positively and significantly affects Taxpayers' Compliance by 25% , 4) as for tax amnesty does not affect the Taxpayers' Compliance, and 5) tax audit, administration sanction, regulation understanding, and tax amnesty simultaneously affect 46.4 percent of Taxpayers' Compliance .


This paper discusses the limitations of University Module Evaluation processes and shares a series of recommendations that could improve their design and implementation. The paper concludes that regardless of staff gender, age, academic position or ethnic background, no metric or quantitative indicator should be used without thoughtful, qualitative social and organisational context awareness and unconscious bias awareness. The paper concludes there is a need to eliminate the use of Module Evaluation metrics in appointment and promotion considerations.


Intrinsic integral inequality of compact minimal submanifolds by scalar curvature are set up.When square of second fundamental form length satisfies some conditions,the properties of compact minimal submanifolds are characted.


Leptin is a protein hormone secreted by fat cells,which is composed by 146 amino acid composition。Research shows that it invovle in animal feeding,energy metabolism,fat storage and reproductive activities。This paper Summarize the structure and function of leptin,factors that affect levels of leptin and so on。It also focused on effects of the acute and long-term exercise training on leptin,and present the prospect of the research about leptin and exercise in future。


......................................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................... 4 Methods .......................................................................................................................................................... 7 Samples ................................................................................................................................................. 7 Research tools ....................................................................................................................................... 7 Years ..................................................................................................................................................... 8 Procedure .............................................................................................................................................. 9 Results ...........................................................................................................................................................10 Smoking in domestic settings ..............................................................................................................10 Smoking behaviour ..............................................................................................................................12 Smoking in the workplace....................................................................................................................13 Respondents' attitudes to where smoking should be allowed in hospitality workplaces ......................14 Discussion .....................................................................................................................................................16 References .....................................................................................................................................................17 Appendix .......................................................................................................................................................18


A system for synthesizing distant signatures of underwater explosions was described in an earlier talk [J. A. Clark and Jane A. Young, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 102, 3177(A) (1997)]. The system is now being used to study expected temporary threshold shifts (TTS) of sea mammals near underwater explosive test ranges in the Baltic sea. The results of these studies will be used to define safe range criteria for mammal hearing which will then be incorporated into the methodology for assessing potential damage to marine mammal hearing. Typical underwater explosion signals (time histories) were selected from an extensive set of blast signals computed for a variety of charge weights, explosion depths, ranges from the blast, and water conditions specified by sound‐speed profiles and water depths. The selected signals were synthesized and measured at the location of the test mammals (bottlenose dolphins). The fidelity of the synthesized signals to the computed waveforms was determined by comparing such characteristics as...


This paper describes and provides exa.mples of a technique called Design-by-Prototype used in the development of research hardware at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Ames Research Center. This is not a new idea. Artisans and great masters have used prototyping as a design technique for centuries. They created prototypes to try out their ideas before making the primary artifact they were planning. This abstract is itself a prototype for others to use in determining the value of the paper it describes. At the Ames Research Center Design-by-Prototype is used for developing unique, one-of-a-kind hardware for small, high-risk projects. The need tor this new/old process is the proliferation of computer "design tools" that can result in both excessive time expended in design, and a lack of imbedded reality in the final product. Despite creating beautiful three-dimensional models and detailed computer drawings that can consume hundreds of engineering hours, the resulting designs can be extremely difficult to make, requiring many changes that add to the cost and schedule. Much design time can be saved and expensive rework eliminated using Design-by-Prototype.


Background: Detection of malignant lesion leads to early initiation of definitive treatment or its exclusion saves the patient from unnecessary medication and psychological trauma. It is difficult to establish the nature of the lesion merely on the clinical examination. So "triple" test is suggested, which is a mixture of clinical examination, mammography and FNAC.Methods: The results of clinical examination, mammography and FNAC were compared with those of histopathological examination. The concordant results of the "triple test" were compared with those of the histopathological examination. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were calculated for each of these tests and for "triple test".Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of clinical examination in this study were 74.36%, 88.70%, 69.05% and 91.07%. The same parameters of mammography were 92.31%, 93.91%, 83.72% and 97.30%. For FNAC, the same values were 92.31%, 93.04%, 81.82% and 97.27%. The triple test was concordant in 115 lesions, while results of 39 lesions were discordant in triple test. Out of 115 concordant results, 27 results were malignant on all the three tests while 88 results were benign on all the three tests. All the concordant results of triple test were similar to the results of histopathology examination.Conclusions: The triple test can diagnose malignant breast lesion with 100 % accuracy, at least in concordant results.


Thank you for asking us to revise this manuscript. Amendments made in accordance with the comments received from the reviewers are specified in the attached list. During the revisions, we identified a few errors in the tables that have since been corrected and the text adjusted accordingly. The revised manuscript has been seen and approved by all authors. We confirm that the manuscript is original, has not already been published and is not currently under consideration by another journal. We hope that, in its revised form, you will be prepared to reconsider the paper for publication. Outline of modifications Specific comments by the reviewers (shown in italics) are addressed below. Changes in the manuscript are marked with tracked changes. Reviewer 1 Major Compulsory Revisions 1. Add a theoretical discussion and a further perspective to the discussion/conclusion section. Make clear what your findings were. Do not hide your main findings in long sentences. We clarified the main findings in the first paragraph of the discussion, as well as in the conclusion. We have substantially rewritten the discussion to make findings clearer, and included headings to provide greater structure. We have attempted to shorten sentences. It is not clear, however, what the reviewer means by adding a " theoretical discussion and further perspective ". In the discussion we presently address the following theoretical issues: the protective role of marriage; links between lone parenthood, socioeconomic disadvantages and poor health outcomes; as well as possible mechanisms for the protective effects of education and employment. The discussion is, to our knowledge, based on the current literature, and we were not able to identify other discussion elements. If the reviewer can however provide specific examples of added theory that should be incorporated, we would be pleased to do so. 2. Change the conclusions in the abstract that individual disadvantage was associated with suicide mortality, especially in areas with high level deprivation This is a misleading and not correct conclusion. We changed the conclusion of the abstract as follows: " Individual disadvantage was associated with suicide mortality, particularly for males. With some exceptions, there was little evidence that area deprivation modified the influence of individual disadvantage on suicide risk. Prevention strategies should primarily focus on individuals who are unemployed or out of the labour force, and have low education or income. Individuals with low income or who are living alone in deprived areas should also be targeted. …


This paper has two purposes. The first is to introduce an econometric model of export pricing and sales behaviour, the parameters of which vary with some indicator of excess productive capacity. For the individual firm this is achieved simply by proposing that it follows a demand-constrained regime when levels of working are low, and a supplyconstrained regime when full capacity is approached. Application of this sort of model to the whole economy would lead to implausible discontinuities; as overall capacity utilization rose a switching point would be reached where factors influencing demand-world trade, competitor prices-became suddenly unimportant and those influencing supply-investment, profitability-became suddenly all-important. The second purpose of this paper is to offer a resolution of this conceptual inelegance by postulating that at any one time firms experience a variety of capacity utilization conditions distributed around means which are generally high at peaks of the domestic business cycle and low in troughs. The resulting aggregate equations exhibit no unwonted discontinuities. The potential area of application of this device is large, as all multi-regime models involve some abrupt changes in the behaviour patterns of the agents they describe. It is, however, circumscribed by the technical problems of combining the aggregation procedure with constraints on the agents' behaviour which are essentially stochastic, and by the need to fabricate data on the way the switching variable (capacity utilization) is distributed across individual agents (firms). We shall look at two versions of the export model, the first resting on the assumption that the constraints on firm behaviour share a common stochastic term, thus effectively reducing these technical problems to those of pure aggregation, the second on the more general premise that such random elements are independent. The first suffices to illustrate the important points that weighting or sample-splitting schemes are inappropriate to its estimation, and that there is a real danger of incorrectly rejecting the hypothesis that two regimes are at work if firms differ in their experience of the switching variable. The second model is developed partly to reveal a further source of bias in this direction, but mainly to catalogue the practical problems of obtaining a manageable estimating equation for a model in which independent stochastic constraints coexist with an aggregation problem. This is in fact achieved only by confining all random variables to a non-normal class of distribution functions which is tailored to produce relatively simple expressions for total exports while making full use of the meagre data available on intraindustry variations in capacity utilization. In the first section below, the basic model of the exporting firm is formalized and set in the context of current research on models with varying parameters. In the second section, aggregate equations for the economy's exports are derived and the problems of estimation and measurement posed by them are discussed. Finally, estimated equations for the volume and price of UK exports of manufactured goods are presented with special emphasis on the distinct effects of cyclical variations in the degree of capacity utilization on export demand and supply.


Veteran White House correspondent Helen Thomas abruptly retired in summer 2010 after she gave unscripted remarks widely perceived to be anti-Semitic. This case study applies paradigm repair and attribution theories to explore how mainstream journalists repaired the damage to their profession's reputation. It concludes that they (1) situated Thomas's remark against a backdrop of journalistic excellence, subtly reinforcing the point that her career should now come to an end; (2) suggested Thomas's remarks were caused by senility; (3) condemned her remarks as racist; and (4) raised the norm of objectivity.


A major challenge in GBM treatment is tumor resistance to radiation and chemotherapy. A hallmark of GBM is the frequent mutation of epigenetic modifiers resulting in alteration of epigenetic signaling pathways. However, the effect of epigenetic signaling on chemotherapy response in GBM remains unknown. SETD2 is a histone methyl transferase that facilitates H3K36 tri-methylation. Here, we unveil the role of SETD2 mutations that frequently occur in GBM in tumor resistance to temozolomide chemotherapy. Targeted sequencing of the SETD2 gene in GBM tumor samples revealed that SETD2 mutations are associated with reduced overall survival in patients with methylated MGMT (methyl-guanine methyl transferase) promotor who received temozolomide. Consequently, we demonstrate that loss of SETD2 results in reduced H3K36me3 levels and a profound temozolomide resistance in GBM cells. MGMT-deficient tumors can acquire chemoresistance due to disrupted mismatch repair (MMR), a DNA repair pathway that converts primary temozolomide-induced DNA lesions into toxic DNA double-strand breaks. Strikingly, we found that SETD2 loss abrogates the expression of the MMR factor MSH6 indicating that chemoresistance in SETD2-deficient cells us due to disrupted MMR. Mechanistically, we show that SETD2 regulates MMR by promoting transcription of the MSH6 gene in GBM. Epigenetic modifiers have specific antagonists capable of reversing chromatin alterations induced by these modifiers. This provides a unique opportunity to restore chemotherapy response in SETD2-mutant GBM by targeting the antagonists of SETD2. We demonstrate that combined targeting of H3K36me3-specific histone de-methylases KDM4A and NO66 restores H3K36me3 levels along with MSH6 expression and sensitivity to temozolomide in SETD2-deficient GBM cells. Thus, our findings establish SETD2 mutation as a novel molecular marker predictive of chemotherapy response in GBM and provide a framework for a novel approach to overcome chemotherapy resistance in this malignant brain tumor by targeting an epigenetic pathway.


This research begins with the number of liquid vapor which spread in Indonesia that is not licensed by BPOM, and there is no clear law for liquid vapor, so there is no clarity from legal protection against liquid vapor consumers who are not licensed by BPOM. Therefore, in this research, the formulation of the problem is as follows: Is there legal protection against liquid vapor consumers who are not licensed by BPOM? The purpose of this research is to determine whether there is legal protection against liquid vapor consumers who are not licensed by BPOM. So this research can be useful for subsequent research that has the same theme and beneficial to researchers, liquid vapor consumers and also for the government. The research method used is the normative method. Normative research methods use the statute approach . The result of the research shows that there is a legal protection for liquid vapor consumer who is not licensed by BPOM, which is reviewed from the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 36 Year on concerning the health of Article 113 paragraph (1) and Article 114, Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 8 Year 1999 on Consumer protection Article 8 paragraph (1) c and paragraph (1) i, Regulation of the Head of the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency of the Republic of Indonesia Number 4 Year 2017 on the Supervision of the Importation of Drugs into the Territory of Indonesia Article 4 paragraph (1). Keywords: Legal Protection, Consumer, Liquid-Vapor