Keyword auctions are a popular mean of online advertising and marketing. This paper introduces a novel approach for estimating the economic value of keyword advertising campaigns. Joint analysis of campaign costs and advertiser's revenues in our probabilistic model allows for answering important questions of online advertising: realistic assessment of the prospect of success, risk of missing the targets, and expected return of investment. In our paper we introduce the corresponding probabilistic framework, identify sources of model uncertainty and its confidence margins, and discuss its applicability for different stages of the realistic keyword advertising campaign. The practical viability of the proposed approach is demonstrated in evaluations with large-scale reference data sets and in real online advertising campaigns.


ABSTRACT In New Zealand, school buildings are being remodelled to accommodate several teachers and a large number of learners in one flexible learning space. School leaders' perspectives were sought on what is happening in the teaching of reading, writing and mathematics. Interviews of the principal and deputy principal at a case study were conducted, and an online survey was used to target views of school leaders across New Zealand: completed by 115 principals and 56 deputy principals. The research found positive responses to the implementation of flexible learning spaces and the impact on the teaching of these three core curriculum areas. The findings suggest that given appropriate experience of such spaces, New Zealand principals (school leaders) seem to have the attitudes and understanding to support adoption of Innovative Learning Environments and recognise their potential benefits. However, the quality of teaching was key no matter which learning space was considered. Although Innovative Learning Environments, along with the cooperation between teachers that such spaces require, were seen as beneficial to learning, successful implementation will also require those leading the changes to place the learner as the focus of change, particularly for the substantive percentage of students who are underachieving in reading, writing and mathematics.


Earth-abundant NiMo-oxide nanostructures were investigated as efficient electrocatalytic materials for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in acidic media. Synthesis and non-synthesis parameters were thoroughly studied. For the non-synthesis parameters, the variation in Nafion loading resulted in a volcano-like trend, while the change in the electrocatalyst loading showed that the marginal benefit of high loadings attenuates due to mass-transfer limitations. The addition of carbon black to the electrocatalyst layer improved the HER performance at low loadings. Different carbon black grades showed a varying influence on the HER performance. Regarding the synthesis parameters, a calcination temperature of 500 °C, a calcination time between 20 and 720 min, a stoichiometric composition (Ni/Mo = 1), an acidic precursor solution, and a fuel-lean system were conditions that yielded the highest HER activity. The in-house NiMoO4/CB/Nafion electrocatalyst layer was found to offer a better long-term performance than the commercial Pt/C.


A RF impedance measurement technique using the V-I probe is discussed in comparison with the vector reflectometer. The V-I probe samples voltage and current of a DUT (device under test), the impedance of the DUT being determined from the complex ratio of the sampled values. A calibration procedure with standard devices is used to eliminate the nonideal characteristics of the probe. Theoretical and experimental analyses suggest that better accuracy can be realized by the V-I method than by the vector reflectometer in lower and higher impedance measurements for the frequency range extending beyond 500 MHz. The combination of the V-I method and reflectometry is suggested as a means to provide accurate measurements in a wider impedance range. >


ABSTRACT This study devotes attention to the intersection of two research areas: business development and metropolitan economic evolution. The analysis identifies businesses included in the 2000–2008 Inc. 500 annual rankings of high-growth firms (HGFs) in the United States, and tracks these firms in the years following their Inc. 500 appearance. The research finds that most HGFs have an extended record as independent businesses, with firm failure rates falling far lower than those associated with business continuation. The study also shows that HGF acquisition activity varies greatly among U.S. Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs), with Boston and Austin leading as hosts to HGFs that became acquisition targets. Finally, the analysis shows that Phoenix and Indianapolis lead all others in hosting HGFs with extended growth periods. The article argues these MSAs have the potential to play a role in shifting the U.S. corporate hierarchy, and interprets the results in light of the public policy applications and further research opportunities presented.


It has been found that independent parameters in the variation of a one-electron density matrix (DM) for closed-shell systems are elements of its unitary transformed matrix and, in a special case, reduce to the rotation parameters that connect the occupied and virtual orbital spaces in the exponential transformed self-consistent field method. To obtain the unitary matrix of transformation, a simpler method of orthogonalizing the column vectors of the DM has been proposed instead of its diagonalization. An iterative method has been formulated to determine these independent parameters. Several test calculations using this method reproduced the results using the Hartree–Fock–Roothaan method.


Materials dictate carbon neutral industrial chemical processes. Visible‐light photoelectrocatalysts from abundant resources will play a key role in exploiting solar irradiation. Anionic doping via pre‐organization of precursors and further co‐polymerization creates tuneable semiconductors. Triazole derivative‐purpald, an unexplored precursor with sulfur (S) container, combined in different initial ratios with melamine during one solid‐state polycondensation with two thermal steps yields hybrid S‐doped carbon nitrides (C3N4). The series of S‐doped/C3N4‐based materials show enhanced optical, electronic, structural, textural, and morphological properties and exhibit higher performance in organic benzylamine photooxidation, oxygen evolution, and similar energy storage (capacitor brief investigation). 50M‐50P exhibits the highest photooxidation conversion (84 ± 3%) of benzylamine to imine at 535 nm – green light for 48 h, due to a discrete shoulder (≈700) nm, high sulfur content, preservation of crystal size, new intraband energy states, structural defects by layer distortion, and 10–16 nm pores with arbitrary depth. This work innovates by studying the concomitant relationships between: 1) the precursor decomposition while C3N4 is formed, 2) the insertion of S impurities, 3) the S‐doped C3N4 property‐activity relationships, and 4) combinatorial surface, bulk, structural, optical, and electronic characterization analysis. This work contributes to the development of disordered long‐visible‐light photocatalysts for solar energy conversion and storage.


As part of an effort to upgrade the calculation of the emergency cooling system assembly power limits at the Savannah River plant (SRP), a number of heat transfer experiments were designed and conducted to measure the local effective heat transfer coefficients for a two-phase downflow in a ribbed annulus. In the present study, the unpowered portion of these experiments is analyzed using the new version of their transient reactor analysis code, TRAC-PF1/MOD2. Only the results of base study are reported in this paper. The Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) TRAC series of computer codes was developed to analyze transients in pressurized light water reactors (PWRs). The design and flow configuration in PWRs are considerably different from those encountered in the fuel assemblies at SRP. What we refer to as a base study is the application of the TRAC code without modifications in the constitutive packages to account for the characteristics of a downflow in a ribbed annulus, which is typical of the SRP fuel assembly flow configuration. As outlined in this paper, TRAC performed very well in modeling the qualitative behavior of all existing data. Quantitatively, the discrepancies ranged from 0 to 100%. The details of these results are documentedmore » in this paper. Section II provides a brief description of the experimental setup and the resulting data for the three experiments mentioned above.« less


The article deals with the changing visual value of deciduous species. Due to climate
change, the climatic patterns found on the plants' growing area may change. Therefore,
foliage of deciduous trees changes itscolor in the fall season witha different timing and
intensity. This shift can modify the functional, ornamental and ecological value of these
plants in the fall season, which is of special interest in the context of landscape design.
However, this effect of climate change hasn't been examined in terms of landscape
architecture yet.In the article we are looking for deciduous species that can be appropriate
subjectsforresearch, we are giving suggestions for choosing the right location for a future
research and proposing available resources of satellite images, that can provide the basis for
evaluation of leaf coloring. We also review already existing methods for calculating the
degree of fall leaf coloring.We propose a novel method of satellite image processing to evaluate the coloring of a stand. Leaf Coloring Index (LCI) shows the leaf color's relation to the color realms. LCI is appropriate for setting up a phenological model based onclimate data
in a future research. Based on future climate models, the change of the examined stand's visual value can be predicted. The results might affect the future use of plant species in landscape architecture.


With the pace of globalization and the urgent needs to innovate or die,innovation research is becoming one of scholars' favorites.This paper utilizes quantitative method to investigate the change of innovation issues from research articles by explanatory analysis and clustering with artificial intelligent techniques respectively.The results show that the trend of innovation research becomes flat and the ratio of that slipped.Knowledge management,technological innovation,and innovation system are the most popular issues.However,there are five streams of open innovation research trend internationally.With sourcing externally and enhance the linkages between organizations,it is believed that there will be more research in this field.


Flight and diving activity of rhinoceros auklets Cerorhinca monocerata breeding on Teuri Island, Japan, were monitored during the summers 1999 and 2000 using miniaturized time-depth and acceleration recorders. Birds made 14.5 dive bouts per day of on average 15.4 min duration, which consisted of on average 16.2 dives of 12.1 m depth and 42.7 s duration. Birds made 13.8 ± 7.3 flight bouts per day, which lasted on average 11.5±4.5 min. Daily total flight duration was 2.7 ± 1.7 h (range 54 s-5.1 h) and the mean potential foraging range was estimated to be 87 km (maximum 164 km). Most birds stayed at the colony or rested on the water surface during the night. Rhinoceros auklets dived more actively in early morning and in late afternoon than during mid-day. Compared to results from studies of time allocation in other alcids species, rhinoceros auklets spent longer time flying (3.3 hd -1 ) and resting on water (13.1 hd -1 ), and less time diving (3.1 hd -1 ) and staying at the colony (4.4 hd -1 ). These foraging patterns are probably related to the nest attendance pattern of rhinoceros auklets, i.e. leaving the colony early in the morning, staying at sea all the day and returning to the colony in the evening to provision their chicks.


Results of laboratory experiments conducted on time evolution of the scouring phenomenon at bed sills are presented. Starting from previous findings on long-term depth and length of the local scour hole downstream of bed sills, 12 long-duration tests were designed and performed in the Sloping Sediment Duct at HR Wallingford Ltd., using uniform sand. No sediment feeding system was adopted. Video-recordings of the scour holes through the glass-sided duct allowed successive image analysis to obtain water surface and bed profiles over time. Results confirmed the validity of the assessment method of the maximum scour depth, y s, at equilibrium; uncertainties arose about the length of the scour hole, l s. A cyclic phenomenon perturbing the scour hole was also observed and described. The investigation of the time evolution of \\ showed that the scour hole develops rapidly and conditions close to equilibrium are achieved in a short time. The introduction of a morphological time. t s permitted the non-dimensional description of the increasing of y s over time through a unique curve. The short- and the long-term local scour regions are clearly distinguished. An application of the results is shown in a numerical example.


short on criticism. Where we subsequently discover that Bromiley has severe reservations about what Barth has done (e.g., in the well-known discussion of God and nothingness, para 50), the exposition is totally without comment. Only when dealing with Barth's objections to the story of an angelic fall does Bromiley reprimand him for being unscriptural. On the whole it is a great advantage to the exposition that Bromiley is an enthusiastic admirer of


It relates to a steering wheel having a heating element for heating the rim to overall uniform temperature. Heating element is a conductive paste is electrically conductive, is applied to the surface of the rim, the heating element is formed so as per unit area resistance value go to the outer diameter from the inner diameter portion of the rim is reduced gradually It is. .FIELD 8


Heparin is generally considered to be the drug of choice in the treatment of venous thromboembolism. In most patients an adequate anticoagulant effect can be achieved with doses between 20,000 and 30,000 units/24 hrs. Increased heparin requirement or "resistance to heparin treatment" is seen in patients with massive deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary emboli, severe AT-III deficiency, or some cancer patients. We encountered heparin resistance in 7 patients, 3 with idiopathic thrombocytosis and 4 with recurrent CVA's and DVT associated with relative erythrocytosis. In these patients, a therapeutic prolongation of APTT was not achieved by usual doses of heparin, and thromboembolic episodes occurred despite administration of heparin in doses sufficient to prolong APTT to the therapeutic range. The initial PT, PTT, and TT in these patients were normal. Protamine Sulfate test and Ethanol gelation test were negative. Fibrinogen and Factor VIII levels were elevated in all patients. AT-III levels (by immunodiffusion method) were normal. Liver and renal function tests were normal. In the patients with idiopathic thrombocytosis, platelet counts were over 1,500 × 109/l. Platelet aggregation by ADP, epinephrine and collagen was normal or slightly increased. Patients with idiopathic thromocytosis were treated with nitrogen mustard and/or busulfan to reduce the platelet count, then treated with heparin. Patients with relative erythrocytosis had elevated Hct (>55), Hgb (>18 gm%) and whole blood viscosity (>6 with normal <4), but normal red cell mass; plasma volumes were markedly decreased. Platelet counts were normal to slightly increased. Platelet aggregation studies were normal. These patients were treated with hydration and plebotomy to reduce the Hct below 45 and restore normal whole blood viscosity, then with heparin with good clinical results. Correction of thrombocytosis and erythrocytosis is important in optimal anticoagulation.


For general state and action space Markov decision processes, we present sufficient conditions for the existence of solutions of the average cost optimality inequalities. These conditions also imply the convergence of both the optimal discounted cost value function and policies to the corresponding objects for the average costs per unit time case. Inventory models are natural applications of our results. We describe structural properties of average cost optimal policies for the cash balance problem; an inventory control problem where the demand may be negative and the decision-maker can produce or scrap inventory. We also show the convergence of optimal thresholds in the finite horizon case to those under the expected discounted cost criterion and those under the expected discounted costs to those under the average costs per unit time criterion.


Prostaglandin E2 is involved in colon carcinogenesis through its binding to the PGE2 receptor subtypes EP1, EP2, EP3 and EP4. We have demonstrated that administration of ONO‐8711, an EP1‐selective antagonist, suppresses development of AOM‐induced ACF in C57BL/6 mice and F344 rats. ONO‐8711 also reduced the numbers of intestinal polyps in Min mice. In the present study, we investigated the long‐term effects of ONO‐8711 on colon cancer development in rats treated with AOM. Male F344 rats were injected subcutaneously with AOM (15 mg/kg body weight) once a week for the first 2 weeks to develop colon cancer. Administration of 400 or 800 p.p.m. ONO‐8711 in their diets for 32 weeks reduced the incidence, multiplicity and volume of colon carcinomas. The incidence of colon adenocarcinomas in AOM‐treated rats was 97, 83 and 76% (P < 0.05) in the 0, 400 and 800 p.p.m. of ONO‐8711 groups, respectively. The multiplicity of adenocarcinomas was also decreased significantly, being 3.31 ± 0.33, 2.34 ± 0.27 (P < 0.05) and 2.06 ± 0.34 (P < 0.01) with 0, 400 and 800 p.p.m. of ONO‐8711, respectively. Moreover, treatment with 800 p.p.m. ONO‐8711 reduced the mean volume of adenocarcinomas to 49% (P < 0.05) of the value for the AOM treatment alone. Furthermore, the BrdU labeling index was decreased significantly in colon cancer cells by 800 p.p.m. ONO‐8711. These results confirm that EP1 is involved in colon carcinogenesis and that EP1‐selective antagonists might be promising candidates for colon cancer chemopreventive agents. (Cancer Sci 2005; 96: 260 –264)


In June 1999 my wife, Sandy, and I traveled to Barcelona for the meeting of the International Headache Society; a poster presentation of my research on hospital emergency department treatment of patients with severe acute migraine attacks had been accepted for exhibition at the meeting. The unforeseen events described hereafter ignited 45-year-old memories, long dormant— memories of Henry Schemmer, my high school track coach, and his discipline, motivation and preparation to deal with unexpected obstacles. These fundamentals were to sustain me in Barcelona, almost half a century later. The conference was held in the Palacio de Congreso. My assigned poster space, A-47, was in the worst possible location, a back corner. There, I was unable to press my tacks into the hard wooden wall, but a page in a red uniform found a hammer and helped hold my poster as I tacked it up. While hammering, one of the plastic tack heads shattered and flew into my eye. Fortunately, I suffered no injury. Just then an American acquaintance arrived to put up his poster near mine; he was more experienced than I, and pointed out that my poster should have fewer panels, less text, and larger print so it could be read from six feet away. He explained that viewers will spend about 10 seconds looking at each display. I was in a drenching sweat after these misadventures. I stood by my exhibit for the 10:30 viewing session. With my poor position, small print and lots of text, only a few of the many doctors gave it more than a passing glance, so I was shocked when Dr. Anne MacGregor, chair of the awards committee, came up and affixed a large red arrow with white letters, SELECTED, on my poster. Mine was one of only eight of the 48 posters in Group A, "Clinical Studies," chosen to be discussed at the 3 pm viewing session of "selected" research. Fig. 1.—. . .


The present invention relates to high temperature refuse-processing plasma process and equipment. After the refuse is set inside one chamber, plasma beam is used to heat and decompose the refuse in inert gas environment. Compared with available technology, the present invention has high refuse decomposing rate, produces less CO2, and can reduce the secondary environmental pollution.


For many decades, the dominant approach to making decisions about treatment in the medical encounter has been one of paternalism.1–7 In recent years this model has been challenged by doctors, patients, medical ethicists, and researchers who advocate more of a partnership relation between doctors and patients.2 8–13 The reasons for this challenge have been described in detail elsewhere and include the rise of consumerism and the notion of consumer sovereignty in healthcare decision making; the women's movement with its emphasis on challenging medical authority; the passage of legislation focusing on patients' rights in health care; and small area variations in doctors' practice patterns that seem unrelated to differences in health status.7 Though the first three factors are seen as either contributors to or facilitators of patients' participation in making decisions about health care, the fourth highlights the imprecision or the "art" of medical care14: patients with similar clinical problems may receive different treatments from different doctors, due in part to systematic variations in practice patterns across geographical areas.14 15

The call for doctor-patient partnerships opens up options beyond paternalism for approaching the task of making decisions about treatment. But it also raises new complexities. Because a partnership between patient and doctor can take different forms, it is not intuitively apparent what this model would look like. The Oxford English Dictionary (1995) defines a partner as "a person who shares or takes part with another or others." This definition leaves several important questions unanswered. For example, does the concept of a partnership imply that both doctor and patient need to share all parts of the decision making process? What is it that both parties are sharing, and to what degree? Who is responsible for determining if a partnership is possible and …


Zhongtian-gantang 5 is a MS hybrid with high sugar yield,this variety planted in good weather condition could get high root yield and sugar content, resistant to yellow virus and powdery mildew.In the national sugarbeet variety regional tests,Shihezi,Hejing of Xijiang,Yinchuan of Ningxia,Wuwei of Gansu,root yield higher 22.9% than CK,sugar content increasing 0.62%,sugar yield increasing 29.2%.


In order to solve temperature field in a typical gravity concrete dam and its natural foundation, the three-dimensional temperature diffusion equation is chosen as the mathematical model. The finite volume formulation is derived using Galerkin approach for the mesh of tetrahedral elements. This method facilitates solving temperature problems with complicated geometries. The algorithm not only is able to handle the essential boundary conditions but also the natural boundary conditions using a novel technique. Accuracy and efficiency of the algorithm is assessed by comparison of the numerical results for a bench mark problem of heat generation and transfer in a block with its analytical solution. Finally the developed model is applied to compute temperature field in a three dimensional gravity concrete dam on rock foundation. Keywords—Heat Transfer in Rock and Concrete, Galerkin Finite Volume Solution, Tetrahedral Computational Mesh


Abstract Cyclist injury severity in bicycle-vehicle crashes is influenced by numerous factors that are related to driver, vehicle, cyclist, crash, roadway, temporal, and environmental characteristics. Results indicate that differences remain between cyclist injury severities sustained in crashes occurred at different locations (intersections and nonintersection locations). However, few research efforts have been made to examine and compare different contributing factors to cyclist injury severity at such locations. Therefore, this study aims to identify and analyze the impact of various factors on cyclist injury severity at intersection and nonintersection locations. Police-reported data from 2007 to 2014 in North Carolina are used in this study. Three mixed-logit models are developed based on the preestimated multinomial logit models. Market segmentation is conducted to analyze cyclist injury severity at separate locations. An ordered probit model is also developed and compared with the mixed-logit model at both locations. Furthermore, cyclists drinking alcohol; driving van, bus, or single-unit truck; motorists' fault; inclement weather; dusk or dawn are found to have a significant impact on cyclist injury severity at intersections. Cyclist gender, drivers drinking alcohol, vehicle speed, speeding, rural or urban areas, traffic control, curved road are found to have a significant impact at nonintersection locations.


Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) occurs when donor T-lymphocytes attack host tissues; the disease can be life threatening. Recently, elevated circulating Follistatin (FS) was described in those expe- riencing aGvHD; higher concentrations of this factor were associated with poorer survival and greater risk for the disease. The mechanism behind these increased FS levels is unknown. As such, it is essential that we further study the tissue-specific expression of FS. As aGvHD greatly affects the intestinal tract, we hy- pothesize that studying FS expression in the intestinal tract will provide a better understanding of the role of FS in aGvHD. This study can be completed by a multi-step process. This paper focuses on the first step: the histological differences in the intestine of individuals with or without aGvHD. We did this by perform- ing Hematoxylin and Eosin Stains on aGvHD affected versus control intestinal mouse tissue and compared the tissue histology of the two groups. We found that aGvHD affected tissues appeared to have disorga- nized villi, in which the inter-villi distance varied significantly more than control tissues, in which the villi appeared to be more organized. This indicates that aGvHD causes an abnormality in organizational proteins that give rise to villi. This is of importance as an organizational abnormality may be the reason for the symptoms of aGvHD such as digestion problems and diarrhea. Now that our model is established and shows consistent differences in histology, tissues can be stained for FS, and FS signaling pathways can be interrogated using molecular arrays.


Many xenobiotic compounds can threaten human health and natural ecosystems. The ability to predict the level of human activities and identify major impact factors is crucial for the design of pollutant risk-reduction plans. In this study, a total of 25 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including eight alkenes, six alkanes, and eleven aromatics were identified at 11 monitoring locations along the Huangshui River of the Tibetan Plateau. GC-MS analysis was applied to detect the concentrations of the VOCs. The results showed that the alkene, alkane, and aromatic concentrations in the sediment were significantly higher than in the water in all seasons (p < 0.001). The VOC concentrations in summer were significantly higher than in spring and winter (p < 0.01). In addition, several VOCs were found to surpass the national standard, i.e., bromoform reached 312.43 μg/L in water during the summer (the national standard is 100 μg/L), carbon tetrachloride was 209.58 μg/L (the national standard is 2 μg/L), and vinyl chloride was 10.99 μg/L (the national standard is 5 μg/L), which were all related to human activities. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to comprehensively evaluate the water quality and the VOCs. The total organic carbon (TOC) was found to be responsible for the presence of the VOCs in the river, accounting for 77.93%, 81.97%, and 82.13% of the total variance in the datasets in spring, summer, and winter, respectively.


The likelihood of reporting a figure in motion was measured when the point of fixation was systematically separated from the point of attention. More reports of optimal motion were made when the two points were separated than when they were close together. Control tests showed that the reduction in the probability of seeing motion through the center of fixation was more likely due to the structure of the eye than to the conflict of fixation point and object in illusory motion. The notion of attention as a perceptual event contributes little to these results.


The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for reporting a mobile terminal located. A method for estimating a response to a requirement from a LCS client, and (19) positioned originating mobile terminal (11) a request (b) accuracy, (18) used by the wireless communication network, wherein the request by the LCS server (16a) provided, the method comprising the step of: the mobile terminal (11) is connected to the cellular network (18) a radio access network (12) controller (12b) to provide a response to the request (H), (h) includes not only the position / location estimation but also or comprising the response to the LCS server directly usable form (e.g., the same precision in the form required) the accuracy of the estimate or include as high as if the accuracy indicating the estimated at least as accuracy required accuracy to meet the indicator.


Disclosed is a method for purifying a recombinant protein from a recombinant cell in which a target recombinant protein is expressed within the cell as an insoluble body, said method characterized in that said recombinant cell is treated under conditions in which a protein derived from a host cell would dissolve, but said recombinant protein would not dissolve, in a first aprotic polar solvent to which an inorganic salt has been added or not added, a first soluble fraction is removed, and then an obtained first insoluble fraction is treated under conditions in which the recombinant protein would dissolve in a second aprotic polar solvent to which an inorganic salt has been added.


This contribution discusses the start of archaeological research in Prussia through exemplification of existing grammar school collections dating from 1889. Scientific and classical compilations effected by these institutions of superior school education and the teachers preoccupied with the humanities, provided a foundation for antiquity, history and local heritage societies as well as local museums. The grammar schools in Germany and Poland are often rooted in old monastic or convent schools and therefore, also their archaeological collections have a considerably remarkable tradition. Registration of grammar school collections under the Prussian minister Gustav von Gossler, was an apparent attempt towards preventing a fragmental dispersion of archaeological finds into numerous other school collections. In this article a description is given on some of nearly 100 recorded and registered grammar school collections, the schools as well as important teachers having a keen archaeological interest However, only a fraction of the collections' history can be reconstructed presently. At that time, the collections belonged to 64 ,,Gymnasien, 28 ,,Realgymnasien or Progymnasien and an additional eight other institutions. As there were collectively, some 506 schools diffused over the Prussian provinces, a ratio of one school of every five, possessed a collection. Consequently, these collections had little chance to survive and currently, as a rule, cease to exist. From this research, it is discernible that the 19th century grammar schools and their directive teaching staff, which included such names as Riese, Wolff, Jentsch and Danneil, determined the development of pre- and protohistory.


N-(dimethylamine) methyl acrylamides is synthesized first then cationic polyacrylamide is synthesized by copolymerization. When formaldehyde ∶ dimethylamine is 2∶1,the reaction temperature is 55℃ and the reaction time is 2 h, the yield of hydroxyl methyl dimethylamine is the highest. Acrylamide/cation acrylamide(mol radio),temperature and the quantity of redox catalyst have influence on the copolymerization are studied by doing orthogonal test,the best effect is Acrylamide∶cation acrylamide (mol radio) is 8∶1, the reaction temperature is 55℃,the quantity of redox catalystis is 0.05% .


A method for the simultaneous determination of fourteen organic phosphorus pesticide residues in food by gas chromatography is established.The samples is dissolved in acetonitrile,in a high-speed homogenizer,using oscillation extraction,centrifuge enrichment to constant volume,and qualitative and quantitative gas chromatography external standard methods.Dichlorvos and other 14 organic phosphorus pesticides were well separated in a DB-1701 capillary column.At a concentration of 0.05~2.00 mg/L a good linear relationship was obtained.The correlation coefficient r was 0.99~1.00,with a detection limit within 0.01~0.08 mg/kg.When the spiked samples were 0.100,0.500,1.000 mg/kg,the recoveries were withwin 71.2%~113.1%,and the relative standard deviations,within 2.2%~6.9%.The method is simple,rapid,accurate,sensitive,and suitable for the general routine inspection.


The investigation of fish farm discharge effect on drainage network in Kafer El-Sheikh Governorate, three fish farms near by the three drains (near by El-Hax, El-Far and El-Canal drains) with three different production capacities were studied by examining water physicochemical criteria and natural wetland system. Water and plant samples were collected once during summer and winter using a quantitative technique. Results showed a significant increase in oxidizabile organic materials, Total Suspended Solids (TSS) concentrations, a decline in dissolved oxygen (D.O) concentration and pH in the outflow compared to Egyptian Environment Law 9/2009. Rhizofiltration application as one of phytoremediation technology included the emergent plants (Boos Phragmites australis), Eichhornia crassipes and Canna indica were utilized to extract, sequester, and/or detoxify pollutants as in-stream wetland system at downstream fish farms sites that improved drainage water quality. In conclusion, the results have important consequences for future monitoring strategies of watershed and management of their gradual ecological improvement.


ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) envelope (Env) proteins are extensively decorated with N-glycans, predominantly of the high-mannose type. However, it is unclear how high-mannose N-glycans on Env impact viral spread. We show that exclusive modification of SIV Env with these N-glycans reduces viral infectivity and abrogates mucosal transmission, despite increasing viral capture by immune cell lectins. Thus, high-mannose N-glycans have opposed effects on SIV infectivity and lectin reactivity, and a balance might be required for efficient mucosal transmission.


Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: July 22, 2017 November 15, 2017 November 20, 2017 February 12, 2018 An outbreak of equine influenza was detected in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during the years 2015-16. The isolated viruses were typed for the first time in Pakistan as H3N8 and grouped with the Clade 1 viruses of Florida sub-lineages on the basis of Hemagglutinin (HA) and Neuraminidase (NA) gene sequence analysis. Here we described the genetic analysis of two internal genes (Nucleoprotein and Matrix) of the Pakistani isolates. The primer pairs were designed to amplify the NP and M internal genes of the 19 equine H3N8 influenza A viruses identified and isolated in this outbreak. Phylogenetic analysis of the derived sequences was performed and compared with the contemporary available sequences online. Comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the two internal genes of the Pakistani strains showed high similarity (99.7-100%) with the avian influenza A viruses (Avian/Pakistan/H7N3/ 2004) isolated in Pakistan. Two major substitutions i.e. F63L and K243R were recorded in Matrix gene of the isolates from the closely related Chicken/Pakistan/04 H7N3 virus. Notably NP gene did not acquire any amino acid substitution on comparison with Chicken/Pakistan/04. All isolates shared 99.5-99.9% homology with the reference sequences on alignment for M1 and NP amino acid sequences, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed clustering of the Pakistani isolates with the avian viruses isolated in Pakistan in previous outbreaks in commercial and backyard poultry. Epidemiological investigation of the outbreak suggested that reassortment of equine H3N8 viruses with avian Influenza A H7N3 most probably, might be due to the mix farming system here. In conclusion, Phylogenetic analysis of the internal genes reported here will be helpful in early detection and control of EI.


by a thin capsule and was composed of spindle cells, compactly arranged in tangles or whorls. The cell borders were ill-defined. The nuclei showed marked patterns of palisades. Many verocay bodies were seen.


This paper proposes a detailed design method which defines response deformation of buildings as the target design index. In the design, the required base shears corresponding to design deformations for the moderate and severe earthquakes are estimated by the response calculation formulas based on the dynamic theory. Then, the paper examines the obtained restoring force characteristics by the time history response analysis, in order to verify the appropriateness of the proposed design method. It is proved that the proposed method excellently satisfies the target design deformations.


Several extensions are made to the theory of multivariate process monitoring via Principal Components Analysis (PCA). An important robustness issue is addressed: the continued use of the PCA model after detection of a sensor failure. Without some adjustment, a single failed sensor can obscure other failures, thus rendering the monitoring method useless. It is shown here that one can calculate an estimate of the output of the failed sensor that is most consistent with the PCA model of the process. This estimate allows continued use of the model. Under some circumstances, replacing the failed output with this estimate is equivalent to rebuilding the entire PCA model. Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression can be used in a manner similar to PCA for process monitoring. It is shown that PLS is fundamentally more sensitive to sensor failures than PCA. Unlike PCA, however, the PLS monitoring scheme maps state information into the model residuals. For this reason, changes in the process state covariance and autocovariance can invalidate calculated PLS model residual limits. The failed sensor problem is also solved for the PLS monitoring method.


Aim To improve the quality standards of ajiao yangxie concentrated decoction.Method Radix angelicae sinensis,fructus lycii,radix paeoniae alba in ajiao yangxie concentrated decoction were identified by TLC.The content of astragalin A was determined by TLC-scanning.Results Radix angelicae sinensis,fructus lycii,radix paeoniae alba in ajiao yangxie concentrated decoction could be identified by TLC.Astragalin A showed a good linear relationship at the range of 0.234~3.744 μg,r=0.9991.The average recovery was 98.03%,and RSD was 2.6%.Conclusion The methods are accurate and can be used for the quality control of ajiao yangxie concentrated decoction.


In many cases, data are represented as high dimensional feature vectors. It makes the feature selection necessary to reduce the computational burden, improve the generalization ability and the interpretability. In this paper, we present a novel feature selection method which is named least squares support feature machine (LS-SFM). In comparison with SVM and LS-SVM, this method has two outstanding properties. Firstly, the convex combinations of basic kernels are used as the kernel and each basic kernel makes use of a single feature. It makes the feature selection problem which can not be solved in the context of SVM transformed into an ordinary multiple parameters learning problem. Secondly, those parameters are learned by a two stage iterative algorithm. A 1-norm based regularized cost function is used to enforce sparsity of feature parameters. The 'support features' refer to the respective features with nonzero feature parameters. Some UCI datasets are used to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of this approach


At 10.17 pm on the evening of 12 July 1993 an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.8 occurred in the Sea of Japan off the south west coast of Hokkaido, the most northerly of the Japanese islands. The earthquake was located at a depth of 34 km with its epicentre about 55 km from the west coast of Hokkaido and some 75 km north of the small offshore island of Okushiri, according to the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). At this point the depth of water is estimated to be 3500 m. The location of the earthquake is shown in Figure l.


SUMMARY

Non-steady-state diffusion of chemicals in soil can be described by Fick's second law using suitable effective diffusion coefficients. In this study a 'stopped elution' method was used to determine experimentally these effective diffusion coefficients for gaseous and dissolved substances in dry and water-saturated soil. For this purpose a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) apparatus and a gas chromatograph (GS) were used in combination with soil-filled columns. The method is based on the observed spreading of a substance moving through a soil column. This broadening is the result of several processes, one of which is diffusion. A suitable experimental design permits the separate measurement of that part of the widening caused by diffusion.

The measured effective diffusion coefficients were compared with theoretical values calculated using predictive algorithms from the literature. For liquid-phase diffusion the maximum deviation between the calculated and the measured values was 34%. The experimental results for gaseous diffusion showed systematic upward deviation from the calculated Coefficients. This might be caused by the diffusion of molecules in the adsorbed state, a phenomenon that had been neglected in the calculations.


We have measured the absorption of the glasses (80−x)Sb2O3−20Na2O−xWO3 (x% mol of WO3) in the spectral regions 10 500 – 24 500 cm-1. The samples are doped with 0.05% mol of Co3O4 from x = 10% until x = 50%. The observed absorption band is due to the Co-impurity in the visible spectral region. This absorption band of glasses contains information about the exactly values of the Einstein coefficients which will be useful for their application in laser technologies.


Afromontane forests are biodiversity hotspots and provide essential ecosystem services. However, they are under pressure as a result of an expanding human population and the impact of climate change. In many instances electric fencing has become a necessary management strategy to protect forest integrity and reduce human-wildlife conflict. The impact of confining hitherto migratory elephant populations within forests remains unknown, and monitoring largely inaccessible areas is challenging. We explore the application of remote sensing to monitor the impact of confinement, employing the Breaks For Additive Season and Trend (BFAST) time-series decomposition method over a 15-year period on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) (MOD13Q1) datasets for two Kenyan forests. Results indicated that BFAST was able to identify disturbances from anthropogenic, fire and elephant damage. Sequential monitoring enabled the detection of gradual changes in the forest canopy, with degradation and regeneration being observed in both sites. Annual rates of forest loss in both areas were significantly lower than reported in other studies on Afromontane forests, suggesting that installing fences has reduced land-use conversion from human-related disturbances. Negative changes in EVI were predominantly gradual degradation rather than large-scale, abrupt clearings of the forest. Results presented here demonstrate that BFAST can be used to monitor biotic and abiotic drivers of change in Afromontane forests.


Semiconductor lasers with tapered gain regions are well suited for applications requiring high output powers and good spatial mode quality. In this paper, the development of 1.5-micrometer InGaAsP/InP quantum well (QW) material suitable for this type of device will be discussed and initial results on high-power tapered lasers fabricated in this material presented. Several different 1.5-micrometer QW laser structures grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition are being evaluated. Structures containing three compressively strained QWs have shown transparency current densities JT as low as 170 A/cm2 and net gains of approximately equal 40 cm-1 at less than 800 A/cm2. With 5QWs, these parameters were JT approximately equals 275 A/cm2 and net gain approximately 40 cm-1 at 600 A/cm2, respectively. Self-focusing at high current densities and high intensity input into the taper section has been identified as a fundamental problem in these devices that has to be dealt with. Tapered devices with a 0.6-mm-long single-mode gain section coupled to a 1.4-mm-long tapered region fabricated in 5QW material have shown CW output powers of greater than 1.0 W at 3.8 A. Approximately 80% of the 1 W is in the near- diffraction-limited central lobe of the far field-pattern.


ABSTRACT For years now, a debate has been going on concerning the memoirs of Sarkis Torossian, published in 1947, and republished in a commented Turkish version in 2012. This latter publication sparked a debate among a number of Turkish historians, divided over the reliability or not of Torossian's account of his participation in the Ottoman war effort as an officer, and his subsequent desertion following the realization that most of his family had fallen victim to deportation and mass murder. Some challenged Torossian's narrative and evidence, based on inconsistencies and errors, coming to the conclusion that his story was largely fictionalized and his documents forged. Others, on the contrary, took Torossian's defence, trying to reject or to justify these inconsistencies, and suggesting that this criticism was likely to stem from a nationalist, or even denialist stand regarding the genocide of the Armenians. The debate has to a large extent remained contained within Turkey, and its rare international repercussions, including an article by Taner Akçam in the Journal of Genocide Research, have more or less systematically sided with the 'pro-Torossian' side. The present article aims to set the record straight by showing that the criticism levelled against Torossian's memoirs is extremely serious and solid, and that the debate has been corrupted by a gradual slipping of what should have remained a scholarly discussion into an uncontrolled conflict based on ad hominem attacks and political allegations. It is my contention that the authenticity or not of Torossian's narrative and documents is of very secondary importance, compared to the much more problematic issue of the way in which ideological, political and moral concerns have ended up hijacking the debate. The ultimate relevance of the so-called Torossian debate may well be its capacity to reveal some crucial weaknesses of genocide research in a late Ottoman context.


Using molecular dynamics simulations we study the out of equilibrium dynamic correlations in a model glass-forming liquid. The system is quenched from a high temperature to a temperature below its glass transition temperature and the decay of the two-time intermediate scattering function C(t_w,t+t_w) is monitored for several values of the waiting time t_w after the quench. We find that C(t_w,t+t_w) shows a strong dependence on the waiting time, i.e. aging, depends on the temperature before the quench and, similar to the case of spin glasses, can be scaled onto a master curve.


As I have said Mam's care overall was exceptional...On her last admission she was treated with the greatest respect as she always had been. It was surreal to be at her bedside when she passed on, to hear laughter at the nurse's desk. This was a little insensitive; however, I understand that their work day continued as normal. I cannot speak highly enough about the care the nursing staff gave to my relative. Unfortunately the lack of availability of a single room was an issue. I was with my relative when she died as I stayed all night she passed away early in the morning. My family (5 siblings) could not all stay and were not with my mum when she died. We were fortunate that she was sharing with a lovely lady who was VERY understanding of the constant visiting.


Dam safety monitoring system is complex as uncertainty exists among various indicators.D-S evidence theory as a mathematical tool has been taken seriously for its advantages in expression and combination of uncertainty.A data fusion method of D-S evidence theory is applied to dam safety monitoring in order to improve the accuracy of dam safety evaluation.A case study is made on monitoring data of Qingtongxia Hydro-complex,and results show that the D-S evidence theory as a scientific safety evaluation method is feasible and effective.


Forming or participating in a virtual enterprise is considered an effective strategy to exploit market opportunities that cannot be pursued individually by the partnering organizations. In practice, however, virtual enterprise formation is quite complicated. There are no systematic methodologies or tools to assist decision-makers in: (a) planning and analyzing the formation of a virtual enterprise; and (b) selecting compatible partners/suppliers with the requisite core competencies. This paper presents ProcessWeb/sup TM/, a Web-based, process-enabled, decision support system that assists decision-makers in evaluating potential partnering and outsourcing options.


Background CD73, an ecto-5-nucleotidase involved in ATP metabolism, converts AMP into adenosine, thereby plays a critical role in immunosuppression in tumor microenviron-ment. Overexpression of CD73 has been observed across cancer types and correlated with poor prognosis. Therefore, targeting CD73 enzymatic activity can potentially rescue the immunosuppression induced by adenosine and bring clinical benefits to cancer patients. Unlike antibodies, small molecule modulators may offer potential advantages in dosing regimen, tumor penetration, and others. In this study, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo function of ABSK051, a novel small molecule antagonist of CD73 discovered by Abbisko, and also its anti-tumor efficacy as a potent immune modulator. ABSK051 on adenosine production evaluated using cell based luciferase assay. Its function in rescuing immunosuppression was investigated by monitoring activation levels of CD8+ T cells. For in vivo studies, tumor-bearing syngeneic mice were treated with ABSK051 and its inhibition on plasma CD73 activity and tumor were measured. In addition, humanized tumor models were also developed using several human cancer cell lines and utilized to evaluate the efficacy of ABSK051 of enzymatic activity, the inhibition induced by adenosine. preclinical


This study aimed to raise the history of auditorship, to identify the kinds exercised by health professionals, to describe auditors' work and explain nursing audit. Literature review was used as research approach, being consulted 32 sources among books and articles between 1980 and 2009. Four chapters were elaborated from the data analysis. In the "History of auditorship", authors report early records and some important landmarks such as its arrival in Brazil. "Health auditorship" presents its definition, type and classifications, featuring, as well, some auditors' ways of working in this area. "Auditors' profile" describes the necessary traits and skills to carry out a satisfactory audit job. In the last chapter, "Nursing auditorship", it is described how it is carried out, being pointed out as an ascending occupation, bringing about great results for institutions. This study showed the importance of the audit, diversity professionals, how specific and complex it is, and how much it cooperates for the management of health services.


Ariel M Modrykamien has provided an excellent review of the long-term consequences of treatment in the ICU and the importance of developing ICU clinics to provide comprehensive care to ICU survivors.[1][1] The long-term outcomes of post-ICU admission include reductions in quality of life, lung


Summary. In the last issue of Usability News, we distributed an online survey exploring iPad usage. Results of the survey indicate that the iPad is mainly used for web browsing, email, reading news and e-books, social networking, and playing games. Respondents spoke very favorably of the iPad, citing its overall ease of use, large screen size, and portability. The lack of a camera, the inability to view Adobe Flash, and the inconsistency of some applications (apps) were cited as the biggest areas where the device could be improved.


This paper looks into a series of practices, traditions and values on which the antioquen–o region, in Colombia, began to develop a process of economic development with some managerial particularities over the human factor. Such an argument tries to get to the suggestion of an Antioquenian model of management in a specific period of history.


Models are the main artifacts of the software development process which generally follows a model-based paradigm. Business process models and data models play an important role in building information systems and to represent the perspective on business knowledge and close depended on relations, which is important to be validated to maintain the fault free and quality software development. Therefore, the design relevant models are acts as the blueprints for the quality assurance in software development. In this paper, we propose an efficient design model validation (DMV) supported utilizing the prescribed "specification language" for the proclaiming construction of transformation attributes based on the invariants, pre and post-conditions for generating partial functions used can be transformed for testing evaluation. We broaden the utilize of specification languages for automatic creation of input test models. We also used the prototypes of the Eclipse plug-in to provide specifications and calculations of metrics in related to models supported by the Eclipse Modeling Framework. Keyword: Design Modelling, Model Transformation, Quality Software Development, Validation Metrics


The application of document clustering to information retrieval has been motivated by the potential effectiveness gains postulated by the Cluster Hypothesis. The hypothesis states that relevant documents tend to be highly similar to each other, and therefore tend to appear in the same clusters. In this paper we propose that, for any given query, pairs of relevant documents will exhibit an inherent similarity which is dictated by the query itself. Our research describes an attempt to devise means by which this similarity can be detected. We propose the use of query-sensitive similarity measures that bias interdocument relationships towards pairs of documents that jointly possess attributes that are expressed in a query. We experimentally tested query-sensitive measures against conventional ones that do not take the context of the query into account. We calculated interdocument relationships for varying numbers of top-ranked documents for five document collections. Our results show a consistent and significant increase in the number of relevant documents that become nearest neighbours of any given relevant document when query-sensitive measures are used. These results suggest that the effectiveness of a cluster-based IR system has the potential to increase through the use of query-sensitive similarity measures.


Abstract A greenhouse study was conducted to assess the impacts of hay‐scented fern (Dennstaedtia punctilobula [Michx.] Moore) on the nutrition of first‐year, northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) seedlings. Four common forest soil types in Pennsylvania were chosen as growth media for the study—two nutritionally poor soils and two moderately nutritional soils. Oaks and ferns were grown separately and together. Total macronutrient content [phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg)] was positively and significantly related to biomass in red oak, but not in ferns. Oaks grown with ferns exhibited greater nutrient imbalances and diminished nutrient status compared to oaks grown alone on all four soils. When grown with ferns, oak foliage exhibited significantly lower concentrations of K on all four soils, lower nitrogen (N) on three of four soils and lower P on two of four soils when compared to oaks grown alone. Conversely, ferns grown with oaks had fronds with significantly higher concentrations of N and K on all four soils and higher P on three of four soils. Differential nutrient capture between hay‐scented fern versus oak seedlings was evident in this study and interspecific competition from hay‐scented fern was shown to alter the nutritional balance of red oak seedlings. Hay‐scented fern exhibited a competitive advantage over red oak in maintaining growth and acquiring nutrients and nutrient competition was identified as a specific mechanism of below ground interference by hay‐scented fern.


Formation the local identity in the "thematic" Rural Renewal, The article aims to determine the main conditions for the development of rural thematic areas in the context of Rural Renewal. Against this background, the authors attempt to explain the mechanisms governing the discussed process and their effects. In view of the above, the focus was on presenting mechanisms for the development of processes that lead to the flowering of this idea (an anatomy of success – the case of the village of Sierakowo Sławieńskie) and those that slow down or completely limit this development (anatomy of failure – the case of the village of Lubcza).


INTRODUCTION: Antibiotic resistance is an increasingly serious public health problem all over the world. Resistance rates have more than doubled in the past 5 years. Periodontists are notorious in prescribing antibiotics after routine periodontal therapy that has led to the emergence of antibiotic resistant microorganisms. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study is to evaluate the need of antibiotics in periodontal surgeries in countering postsurgical complication. METHODOLOGY: The patients who were undergoing periodontal surgery were included in the study and were randomly divided into two categories: Group A (antibiotic), and Group B (no antibiotics). Patients were followed up for 1 and 2 weeks after surgery and were evaluated for pain, swelling, infection, delayed wound healing. RESULT: Assessment of postoperative infections was done after 1 and 2 weeks following the periodontal surgical procedure. It was observed that there was no significant difference in the postoperative outcome in both the groups. CONCLUSION: The decision to administer antibiotic therapy following periodontal surgery must be case and patient specific.


This Resource Letter provides a guide to the literature on vacuum structures and their effects in Quantum Electrodynamics. References to books and journal articles that deal with perturbative vacuum effects as well as nonperturbative processes in extremely strong external fields like spontaneous positron production in strong Coulomb fields are provided.


The continuing reduction of contact resistivity (ρC) is a critical challenge for device performance. In this paper the ρC reduction for n-SD (source/drain) is demonstrated using post-silicide implantation of Se or P into Ni(Pt) silicide, with various energies/doses and laser anneal conditions. The improvement of ρC is achieved without sacrificing junction integrity/leakage. Hence laser assisted post-silicide implantation can be a key enabler to realize low silicide contact for n-SD for the 14 nm node and beyond.


Abstract Caluff, M. G. & Serrano, G. S.: Cuban novelties in the genus Alsophila (Cyatheaceae). — Willdenowia 32: 303–309. 2002. — ISSN 0511-9618. Three new interspecific hybrids of Alsophila have been detected in Cuba: A. ×boytelii in the Sierra Maestra range, E Cuba; A. ×medinae in the Trinidad Mountains, Central Cuba; and A. ×fagildei in the Guantánamo province, E Cuba. They have spores of normal appearance and might therefore well be fertile, as suggested by the presence, in the Gran Piedra area, of a large population of A. ×boytelii; a full range of intermediates linking this hybrid with its parent species suggests the occurrence of backcrossing.


We introduce a hybrid experimental setup to accurately measure x-ray and ion absorption in tissue or other materials. With this setup using a 3D-printed sample container, the stopping-power ratio (SPR) of homogeneous materials can be measured with an uncertainty of below 0.1%. A total of 40 homogeneous porcine and bovine soft-tissue samples were prepared for measurement, comprising five samples each of eight tissue types (three different muscle and fatty tissues, liver, lung). Using a standard stoichiometric calibration for single-energy CT (SECT) as well as a state-of-the-art dual-energy CT (DECT) approach, SPR was predicted for all tissues and then compared to the measured reference. With the SECT approach, the SPR of all tissues, excluding lung due to its large heterogeneity, was underestimated by up to -3% with a mean (absolute) error of -1.5% (1.5%). In contrast, the DECT-based SPR prediction showed no significant bias with a mean error below the measurement uncertainty of 0.1% and a mean absolute error of 0.2%. In this study, the potential of DECT to decrease range uncertainty could thus be confirmed in biological tissue.


Anthomyiidae is a family of flies distributed worldwide comprising approximately 2,000 species, which, based on molecular analyses, belong to the Muscoidea grade. The phylogenetic data for this family are limited and the Neotropical lineages have never been studied at the molecular level. Herein, we present the first phylogenetic analyses of Anthomyiidae including Neotropical taxa. The resulting phylogenetic trees – inferred using maximum-likelihood and Bayesian criteria and based on two nuclear and three mitochondrial genes and 56 terminals, including 13 Neotropical anthomyiid species – confirmed Anthomyiidae as a monophyletic lineage and sister group of Scathophagidae, which is also monophyletic. The clade Coenosopsia + Phaonantho was not recovered as a sister group of the remaining anthomyiids, as previously indicated by the results of morphological analyses. These and other generic relationships are discussed in the light of morphological data from previous studies. The divergence time estimation suggested that after a split from the Oestroidea clade approximately 51.7 Ma, the radiation of Anthomyiidae + Scathophagidae began during the Eocene, with the oldest common ancestor of both families living approximately 40.5 Ma and with the oldest anthomyiid ancestor living approximately 36.8 Ma. The split of the clade Coenosopsia + Phaonantho was dated to the Oligocene (c. 23 Ma). These results provide new insights into the timing and rate of anthomyiid and scathophagid fly evolution.


It is expected that the development of tourism in a given locality manages a
number of economic, social and cultural impacts that affect, somehow, the host
population. Thus, this study aims to examine the perceptions of the community in
relation to the Rocinha favela tour, segment that began in the 1990s and which
attracts, mostly, foreign tourists eager to consume the otherness. To achieve the
goal, a research was conducted in loco with the application of semi-structured
questionnaires with the local population, involved or not with tourism, besides a
tour with the agency Be a Local, which was held in participant observation. The
results show that the greatest benefit perceived by the local population is social not
economic, related primarily to the increase of visibility in the international arena
and the possibility of stigma disassembly and increased self - esteem.


ABSTRACT A process-based approach is used to examine the deployment of two neighbourhood-scale sustainability assessment systems and their tools in two European cities. It explores how these sustainability assessment systems and their tools are contextualized within a larger design and planning process by considering how stakeholders collaborate, how they set design problems, how they make decisions and how they propose design solutions in the early design phases. Specifically, using interviews conducted with key project actors in Malmö, Sweden, and Barcelona, Spain, this paper examines how the sustainability assessment systems in each respective case study were framed, and how this framing impacted upon the design process. A key finding is that how sustainability assessment systems are framed has just as significant an impact as the nature of the tools, especially on the processes entailed. Community participation can have a strong, positive impact on the design process and on outcomes. The case studies confirm that context and players cannot be divorced from tools.


Background/Aims The 13C-urea breath test (UBT) is a semiquantitative test for measuring Helicobacter pylori infection loading. H. pylori produces ammonia, which elevates the pH of the gastric mucosa and is detectable via endoscopy using a phenol red indicator. We evaluated whether this test could be used to diagnose H. pylori infection and whether phenol red staining was correlated with 13C-UBT results. Methods One hundred and twenty-three patients participated. The UBT was performed after ingestion of a capsule containing urea. A change in 13C-UBT >2‰ was selected as the cutoff value for diagnosing infection. After spraying evenly with a 0.1% phenol red solution, the pH of the gastric mucosal surface was measured using an antimony electrode through the biopsy channel. Results The pH of stained mucosa (6.9±0.4) was significantly higher than that of unstained mucosa (1.9±0.8; p<0.001), and the H. pylori detection rate confirmed via histology was higher in stained versus unstained mucosa (p<0.01). Extensive mucosal staining resulted in a higher detection rate (p<0.001). The UBT produced results were very similar to those obtained via histological detection in stained mucosa (p<0.001). The extent of staining, expressed as a staining score, was positively correlated with the change in 13C-UBT (r=0.426, p<0.001). A significant correlation was also observed between the histologically determined H. pylori density and 13C-UBT results (r=0.674, p<0.001). Conclusions H. pylori infection elevates gastric mucosal surface pH, and endoscopic phenol red staining may be an alternative method for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection.


In light of the upcoming changes that we may foresee in spectrum allocation, Silvia Elaluf-Calderwood, Jonathan Liebenau and Patrik Karrberg outline key questions on spectrum allocation for emergency services in the UK and Europe.


Introduction: Patients with palliated congenital heart disease may present later in life for major, non-cardiac surgical procedures. Although alternative surgical techniques are now available for the treatment of the transposition of the great arteries (TGA), an atrial level baffle (Mustard or Senning procedure) was previously performed. Long-term adverse effects of the atrial level switch include myocardial dysfunction, rhythm disturbances requiring pacemaker placement, pulmonary hypertension and baffle obstruction. Case report: We present a 23-year-old woman, who had undergone an atrial level switch during infancy for palliation of TGA and now presents for laparoscopic vertical sleeve gastrectomy for the treatment of obesity. Conclusions: The long term end-organ effects of an atrial level switch for TGA are reviewed and the perioperative of these patients is discussed.


The chemical modification of wood can be directed to improve various properties, e.g., the dimensional stability, hardness properties, and/or durability properties, against weathering. In this study, a Romanian softwood species Abies alba Mill. was treated and chemically modified using two cyclic acid anhydrides, i.e., maleic and succinic, to improve its interfacial properties relative to unmodified wood. Structural changes, with focus on the evolution of crystalline part in wood after chemical modification, the water absorption, and the water repellent efficiency, were determined. Maleic anhydride exhibited a lower reactivity towards wood substrate than succinic anhydride, presumably because of their different chemical structure (maleic anhydride is very sensitive to the presence of water). It was found that the percentage of water absorption was diminished, primarily after the succinic anhydride treatment. The chemically modified wood was characterized via Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and wide-angle X-ray diffraction methods. The crystalline part from wood structure was evidenced in relation to the employed anhydride in chemical modification approach.


| Identifying relations among diierent variables becomes a very practical issue as it could determine values of the variables, which are hardly or expensively measured, from values of the variables, which can be measured easily. One of the key problems related is to determine embedding dimensions from multivariate data. A simple and eeective method is proposed to nd embedding dimensions in this paper. Several examples are provided.


In the work herein there was developed numerical analysis of forming uniform fiber Bragg gratings, using phase mask. There was developed method of recording Bragg grating, using uniform phase mask, which is characterized with a fact, that it consists of ultraviolet excimer laser, output laser light beam, directed to the system of mobile diaphragms with regulated gap between them and located behind the system of mobile diaphragms of uniform phase mask, after which there is a photosensitive multimode optical fiber with tilted Bragg grating. In the research there was applied diffraction theory to analyze intensity distribution in the fiber core during fabricating fiber Bragg grating (FBG), using uniform phase mask. There was calculated averaged distribution of diffraction field in the fiber core as a function of optic fiber position. Outcomes show, that in case of fabricating uniform FBG, averaged intensity field profile, as well, refraction index of optical fiber position behind phase mask is decreased for average intensity distribution in the fiber core along with increase of its diameter.


In hard rock TBM drilling, wear issues play a crucial role in the success of a tunnelling project. Thus, excavation tools must be selected carefully and be adapted to ground conditions. Wear‐related changes in the tools that occur over the course of the tools' operating lives must also be taken into account. This paper presents five basic types of macroscopic wear for cutter rings: (1) abrasive/normal wear, (2) tapering, (3) mushrooming, (4) brittle fracture of the cutter ring (special wear type 1) and (5) blockade of the roller bearing (special wear type 2). These basic wear types lead to distinct cutter ring shapes which allow deriving some fundamental characteristics of the interacting rock types. In addition, a microscopic analysis of the surfaces and associated metallographic sections from worn cutter tools has been performed. As a result, the tribological processes under the cutter, leading to tool wear, can be better understood. In summary, the investigations may contribute to a better understanding to make it easier to choose the proper TBM disc cutter for a distinct rock type in order to minimize the risk of tool‐related downtimes.


A Ru25+ compound having two crystallographically independent molecules that differ only in that one molecule has an additional hydrogen bond shows Ru−Ru distances that vary by ca. 0.07 A at 30 K; as the temperature is raised, one molecule displays a spin transition but the other one remains in the same spin state, as indicated by variable temperature magnetic and structural data.


VAMVAKEROU (Μ. ΒΑΜΒΑΚΕΡΟΥ) M. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki GEORGAKI (Β. ΓΕΩΡΓΑΚΗ) V. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki VOUTSINOU (Α. ΒΟΥΤΣΙΝΟΥ) A. MS Scholar Funded by State Scholarships Foundation, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki MASTORA (Χ. ΜΑΣΤΟΡΑ) C. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki PAPAZOGLOU (Λ.Γ. ΠΑΠΑΖΟΓΛΟΥ) L. Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15857


This study will discuss about how they describe the war and the meaning of the war to the children at that time in the literature of TwentyFourEyes which was very popular to the public in Japan among the Japanese children war literature and a Korean children fiction, SisterMong-Sil which was written in the context of the war in Korea. Each author of the books lived in the time of the Pacific war and the story in the book represented their own life at war. It would be important to compare the two literatures on its contents, length of the story and their views on the war. The children war literature is still an unexplored field. The comparison between Korean and Japanese children literature on the war would be interesting and should be encouraged to be actively studied in the future. It is because children's understanding of the war through their reading of books about the war in their childhood will play a great role to determine not just only their personal issues but also social and national ones when they grow up. In this study, we will identify a sense of victimization which is the core concept of Japanese ongoing manipulation of the war crimes by comparison between the children literature on the war in Korea and Japan which were written in the same period with the similar themes in each country.


The detection of human serum albumin (HSA) is of significant clinical importance in disease diagnoses. In this work, polymer-based synthetic receptors are designed by incorporating Ag-ZnS microspheres in molecularly imprinted poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (MIPs) for the gravimetric detection of HSA. Among different compositions of Ag-ZnS@MIPs, MIPs having methacrylic acid and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate volume ratio of 3:2 exhibit enhanced HSA sensitivity in the concentration range of 5–200 ng/mL. A remarkably low threshold limit of detection (LOD = 0.364 ng/mL) is achieved with quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) based gravimetric sensors. Furthermore, the Ag-ZnS@MIPs/QCM sensors show high selectivity for HSA compared to other proteins, e.g., bovine serum albumin (BSA), glycoprotein, ribonuclease, and lysozyme. Hence, the gravimetric quantification of HSA realizes a highly sensitive, selective, and label-free detection mechanism with a limit of quantification down to 1.1 ng/mL.


Introduction: Globally, sexual assault is a heinous crime and a serious social and health problem, mostly affecting women. The situation regarding this social ailment is also alarming in Pakistan. The aim of the study was to ascertain the prevalence and pattern of sexual assault in our society. Material and Methods: All the cases of sexual assaults which reported at the medico-legal clinic at King Edward Medical University during a period extending from January 2012 to December 2013 were included in the study. This was a retrospective study. Details regarding demographic profile of victim and accused, incident, findings of medical examination and result of the evidence collected were noted. Results: The most affected age group was 12-20 years (32%). Majority of the victims were female (68%).Majority of the victims knew assailant (75%). The commonest place of the offence was assailant's home (38%). In 32% cases, the number of assailant exceeded more than one. 36% cases were of sodomy and oral sex (un-natural assaults). Extra-genital injuries were seen in 32% cases. Hymen was intact in 7% victims, where as 47% victims had old torn hymen. The result of DNA fingerprinting was positive in 47% cases. Conclusion: The incidence of sexual assault is relatively low in the present study, but its prevalence is increasing with changing pattern. The study highlights the importance of education of young females and children to prevent this crime. Emphasis is also given on the development of special centers to provide psychological support to the victims, and assistance in prosecution.


Abstract
Background: Transplanting bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) have positive effects in treating many disease conditions including diabetes. To investigate the effects of systemic administration of


The size,number and distribution of pores in TIG weld of 1420 Al Li sheet were studied by X ray perspective method and metallurgical analysis method.It was found that pores are distributed linkly near the fusion line,and mainly distributed in the root part of the weld and back reinforcement near the fusion line.The experiment results show that the pores in the weld were mainly caused by the oxide film on the back side of the joint.The mechanism of formation and distribution of pores was discussed.The gases in pores are mainly composed of H 2,CO 2,CO and H 2O,etc.The morphologies of these pores were observed by SEM,and they can be divided into five types as follows: sphere,petunia like,pod like,irregularity and cave.


This work considers the problem of the stabilization of linear time invariant systems with two unstable poles plus time delay. For this, we will proposed a simple observer based controller in order to stabilize the system. A robustness analysis with respect to the delay uncertainty is presented as well as numerical examples and electronic implementation of the proposed schema in order to illustrate the performance of the closed loop system.


After a century in which water utilities could stay well ahead of most regulations simply by being responsible, professional organizations, they now seem to be playing catchup in a game with a whole new set of rules. The regulations of the 1990s, an outgrowth of the Safe Drinking Water Act. (SDWA) Amendments of 1986, are a mix of scientific and technical guidance overlaid with social and political agendas. They call into question water quality goals and operational procedures developed over decades of successful treatment experience. The article describes 10 challenges utilities face--and seven steps to meet them successfully.


Evidence is presented from 13C n.m.r. spectroscopic studies which indicates that the enzymic transformation of porphobilinogen into uroporphyrinogens I and III occurs through a transient free intermediate, pre-uroporphyrinogen, produced by porphobilinogen deaminase (uroporphyrinogen I synthetase).


Compared to the traditional sparse representation and the dictionary processing method of occlusion, deep learning-based face recognition methods are being used more and more widely in the field of face recognition. However, in practice, face recognition results are greatly influenced by light intensity, shooting Angle, mask and sunglasses occlusion and other factors. Therefore, this paper will discuss the face recognition under the occlusion situation. In order to solve the problem of large pose change of human face and local occlusion respectively, an offset network and a weight network was introduced into the convolutional neural network. In the following paper, the facial recognition accuracy of the introduction of the offset network, the facial recognition accuracy of the weight network and the recognition accuracy of the unification of the two are compared with the traditional facial recognition model VGG16.


Pacific Northwest Laboratory developed calculational methods to characterize aerosols produced in hypothetical spill accidents. These methods were developed for the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission to use when evaluating the consequence of postulated accidents for safety analyses and environmental impact statements. Basic physical properties and mechanistic descriptions of spill events were used as a basis for the methods. Source term models consist of equations that can be used to estimate the mass airborne and particle size distribution of aerosols produced by spills of powders and solutions. Experimental data from Sutter et al. (1981) and Ballinger and Hodgson (1986) were emphasized in the models. Parameter ranges for this data were spill height 1 to 3 m, powder mass 25 to 1000 g, and liquid volume 125 to 1000 ml. Liquids spilled included slurries and solutions of varying viscosities. Liquid spills differed from powders in that an aerosol was produced on impact instead of during the fall. The fraction airborne from liquid spills (including viscous solutions and slurries) correlated well with three dimensionless numbers: the Archimedes number, the Froude number, and a density ratio. Liquid aerosol parameters were statistical descriptions of the log-normal distributions. A computer code was developed to model powder spills.more » In the code, the mass airborne was assumed proportional to the drag force on the power as it falls. The proportionality factor was empirically found to be a function of a dimensionless number, the Galileo number. 16 refs., 2 figs., 13 tabs.« less


In present compact electronic equipment, efficient cooling is a prime design factor. Certain aspects of the current state of the art of cooling are subjected to continuing controversy. In an electronic equipment, cooled by forced air flow, fans may be placed at the air inlet location, at the air outlet, or at both locations. Depending on the location of fans, a different air flow pattern is generated within the equipment. One essential factor which determines cooling efficiency is the escape of air from the module circuit chamber to adjacent spaces in the equipment. The escaping air ceases to absorb heat from the electronic modules. Thus, cooling efficiency is closely linked to the containment of air, or air flow pattern, and hence, to the fan location. A logical and a mathematical analysis on the subject is here presented. Mathematical results are summarized. An appendix contains detailed mathematical derivations.


In this paper, an education tool for assisting the teaching and learning of the IEEE 1500 standard testability method, used to support the testing of complex system-on-a-chip (SoC) integrated circuits (ICs), is developed and presented. The tool is an Internet browser based tool that supports the ability to investigate key aspects of the standard and its application to IC designs. The tool allows the user to create VHDL descriptions of both the test circuitry and the function circuitry via the Internet browser interface. The key considerations for developing this tool were to provide a computer based learning tool to support the teaching and learning of the standard and its application, and to allow the learner to investigate the design of integrated circuits that would require the use of this standard testability method through the use of VHDL (VHSIC hardware description language (HDL)).


A projection algorithm to detect rain cloud pixels in visible and infrared satellite data is introduced in this work. The algorithm is based on the angle formed by two vectors in the n-dimensional space. This algorithm takes advantages of the geometrical projection principle: when two vectors are collinear the radiative variables of clouds used to create the vectors may exhibit similar properties, and when the vectors are orthogonal the radiative variables may have no elements in common. Rain/no rain pixels are identified by using radar rain rate over the studied area. Satellite data from visible and infrared channels are used to create rain and no rain pixel populations. The central tendency of each population is used to generate rain and no rain calibration vectors. A pixel from an independent data set is used to create a third vector, which is projected into the previously calibrated vectors, with the purpose of classifying the third vector in one of the two populations, rain or no rain. Classification is made depending of the magnitude of the projection angle and the probability distribution of the visible and infrared radiation variables. The proposed algorithm was implemented to detect rain clouds over a tropical area with the special purpose of developing an application to improve the Hydro- Estimator, which is an operational and high-resolution rainfall retrieval algorithm that has been applied over the United States since 2002.


The proximate chemical composition and amino acid composition of the soft part from Mactra veneriformis were analyzed.Based on dry weight,the contents of protein and lipid were 60.14% and 6.08%,respectively,and the content of 17 identified amino acids was determined to be 48.09%,and the content of essential amino acids(EAA) was 18.94% and of delicious amino acids(DAA) 22.73%,making up 39.38% and 47.27% of total amino acids,respectively.Natural extract(protein) extraction from the soft part from Mactra veneriformis was performed by homogenization with water,pH adjustment and extraction with NaCl.Based on one-factor-at-a-time experiments,response surface methodology(RSM) was employed to optimize the preparation process.The optimal extraction conditions were extraction temperature of 82.07 ℃,pH 7.87 and NaCl concentration of 1.75%.Under these conditions,the protein recovery reached up to 54.78%.


Objective To fred the possibility that the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) promoters modulate the human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) expression in glioma and lead transecting hNIS gene into glioma cells for radioactive iodide treatment. Methods PGL3-Basic, PGL3-Control and PGL3-GFAP plasmids were transfected into U251, U87 and MRC-5 cells, respectively, with the help of liposome Lipofectamine 2000; 24 h after that, the reactivity of these cells was detected and the efficiency of GFAP promoter was tested under chemiluminescence apparatus. Recombinant adenovirus vector Ad-GFAP-hNIS in which GFAPpromoter could modulate the hNIS gene expression was constructed, and then, the vector was transfected into the U251, U87 and MRC-5 cells; Western blotting was employed to detect the protein expressions of GFAP and hN1S. Ad-CMV-EGFP group (blank control) and Ad-CMV-hNIS group (negative control) and Ad-GFAP-hNIS group were employed; the 131I uptake and effiux abilities and the cell amount after gentian violet staining in the three groups were measured by counter; the clonogenecity rate of them was calculated. BALB/c female nude mice (n=20) was divided into four groups: group of injecting Ad-GFAP-hNIS without ~31I, group of injecting Ad-GFAP-hNIS with 131I, group of injecting Ad-CMV-EGFP without 13q and group of injecting Ad-CMV-EGFP with 131I (n=5); U87 cells were transfected into the nude mice, and then, the tumor growth was observed and the life cycle of the mice was noted. Nude mice bearing the U87 tumors were injected Ad-GFAP-hNIS and Ad-CMV-EGFP, followed by 1mCi ^99TcO4 via intraperitoneal injection; single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was performed. Results As compared with that of cells being transfected with PGL3-blank plasmid, the relative reactivity of U251 and U87 cells being transfected with PGL3-GFAP plasmid was decreased with significant difference (P〈0.05). Western blotting revealed GFAP and hNIS proteins in U87 and U251 cells. 125I uptake of U87 and U251 cells after Ad-GFAP-hNIS transfection increased 69.5 and 70.8 times; the 125I effective half-life was shortened. The cloning efficiency of U87 cells being transfected with Ad-GFAP-hNIS was (9.31±0.50)% and (9.33±1.15)%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of U87 cells being transfected with Ad-CMV-EGFP and Ad-CMV-hNIS (P〈0.05). After treatment with 131I and injection of Ad-GFAP-hNIS, the survival of U87 tumor loading nude mice were prolonged most (44.00±0.58 d). Cells in the Ad-GFAP-hNIS group could uptake the radionuclide, while those in the Ad-CMV-EGFP could not. Conclusion The gliomas after Ad-GFAP-hNIS transfection can uptake iodine and also effectively direct radioactive iodine therapy.

Key words:
Glioma;  Sodium iodide symporter;  Glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter;  Radioiodine therapy


The nucleus is an organelle of central importance to the mammalian cell. However, our understanding of the organizations and dynamics of many nuclear structures and processes remains inadequate, largely due to the difficulty in probing them in situ, with single-molecule sensitivity as well as ultra-high resolutions in space and time. In this dissertation, we develop approaches to interrogate, through imaging and modeling, the spatio-temporal organizations and dynamics of two key nuclear processes: gene expression and DNA replication. We first describe a novel fluorescence imaging technique, named reflected light-sheet (RLS) microscopy, that is capable of detecting single molecules with superior signal-to-background ratio inside the mammalian nucleus. By selectively illuminating only a thin section of the nucleus using a lightsheet reflected off a miniature mirror, RLS microscopy combines the capabilities of 3D optical sectioning, fast imaging speed, and applicability to single, normal-sized adherent cells. As demonstration, we apply RLS microscopy to directly monitor the DNA binding dynamics and spatio-temporal colocalization of single mammalian transcription factor molecules in live cells. By measuring their diffusion constants, DNA-bound fraction, as well as in vivo residence times, we resolve three distinct modes of their interaction with genomic DNA. Furthermore, we take advantage of the prowess of RLS illumination for super-resolution microscopy (SRM), attaining resolution improvements critical for resolving nuclear structures


In the title compound, C6H8NO+·C3H3O4 −, the amino N atom is protonated, and one of the carboxyl groups is deprotonated to maintain the charge balance. In the crystal, classical N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds connect the ions into a two-dimensional network parallel to the ac plane. In addition, the structure is further stabilized by C—H⋯O and π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distance = 4.115 (2) Å].


Rental properties are increasingly being let by company landlords, a trend that has continued since 2016, while rental growth has accelerated, according ...


sampling line induced a difference between arterial and end-tidal CO2. Anesthesiology 2001; 95: 815. 4. Paul J, Ling E, Hajgato J, McDonald L. Both the OxyArm and Capnoxygen mask provide clinically useful capnographic monitoring capability in volunteers. Can J Anesth 2003; 50: 137–142. 5. Yanagidate F, Dohi S. Modified nasal cannula for simultaneous oxygen delivery and end-tidal CO2 monitoring during spontaneous breathing. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2006; 23: 257–260. 6. Stausholm K, Rosenberg-Adamsen S, Skriver M, Kehlet H, Rosenberg J. Comparison of three devices for oxygen administration in the late postoperative period. Br J Anaesth 1995; 74: 607–609. 7. Gross J, Bailey P, Caplan R et al. Practice guidelines for sedation and analgesia by nonanesthesiologists. A report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on sedation and analgesia by non-anesthesiologists. Anesthesiology 1996; 84: 459–471.


Thrombolytic treatment,which can reduce mortality and the rate of mutilation,has been recognized as an effective therapy for acute ischemic stroke.This review describes the progress of thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke,especially on the treatment timing,common complication of thrombolytic therapy and the new thrombolytic drugs.


Social media algorithms, photograph filters, and humanity's pursuit of perfection have led to continued growth in aesthetic procedures each year, including a growing number of adolescent patients. Additionally, the global pandemic precipitated a "Zoom boom" of new patients exacerbating the already dramatic increase in outpatient cosmetic procedures.1 Responsible board-certified plastic surgeons have always played an essential role in setting realistic expectations and ensuring the psychological stability of patients before undertaking surgery or other aesthetic procedures. They may also turn away prospective patients because of unsafe requests (including unreasonable surgical combinations or surgical durations), pre-existing conditions, or complicating comorbidities that may cause adverse events or death.


This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of trains on feed conversion efficiency of commercial broiler chickens reared on full-feeding, and under the same housing, feeding regime, agroclimatic zone and management practices. A total num ber of 150 broiler day old chicks comprising of 75 day-old Cobb chicks and 75 day-old Marshall chicks were used for the study, and raised on deep litter in separate pens for 56 days (8 weeks). Data collected include initial live weight and final live weight. This was done on daily basis and at the end of each week , th average is found to get the average daily gai n and average daily feed intake as well as the feed c onversion efficiency. Analyzed results showed that genotype had highly significant effects on all para meters evaluated on the two broiler chickens compar ed. The Cobb strain appeared superior to the Marshall s train in terms of initial body weight (48.00g vs 35.00g) and final body weight (1423.00g vs 114.69g) and thereby showing superiority in the average daily gain (66.05g/bird/day). As regards feed conve rsion, Marshall was statistically poorer both at th e starter phase and the finisher phase with Cobb perf orming better. Cobb was adjudged good and profitab le because the strain had the highest mean value (1423 .00g) in body weight coupled with the feed conversion efficiency at maturity but adding more w ith feed consumed when compared with Marshall, and therefore could be recommended to poultry farme rs in this zone for increased productivity, income generation and maximum profit.


This article conducted acoustic emission tests of natural coal, natural frozen coal, and saturated frozen coal to explore the damage characteristics of frozen coal and in view of the frozen coal damage early warning problems and explored the strength deformation and acoustic emission characteristics of coal samples. The test results showed that the compressive strength of the frozen coal samples decreased significantly, and the strength of the saturated frozen coal samples was the lowest; more acoustic emissions were generated at the initial loading stage. The damage parameters were defined using the acoustic emission parameters. The damage characteristics of the coal samples were analyzed. The damage model of the coal samples was established based on the power function. The early warning parameter VAEi to analyze the evolution characteristics of the variance curve was proposed; the sudden jump point b of VAEi from the stable development stage to the rapid growth stage was defined as a general early warning point; the endpoint point c of the parameter rapid growth stage was defined as a key early warning point; a zonal and hierarchical early warning was finally proposed.


We propose a simple neuronal cell for the implementation of low power and low area spiking neural networks. The neuronal cell mimics the performance of biological neural systems by combining both analog and digital circuits. This mixed-signal approach makes use of minimum-size sub-threshold biased devices. Additionally, conventional leaky integrate-and-fire model is simplified leading to smaller and simpler neuronal cells. The proposed cell is designed using a 50-nm CMOS node and its performance is validated by transient simulation. Power consumption and area are estimated, showing great potential in comparison to equivalent state-of-the-art solutions. Finally behavioral equations are proposed and matched to transient schematic simulations to make them available for future training tasks. The proposed neuronal cell attempts to become a suitable solution for ultra-low power smart devices with computing at the edge, such as wearables or remote sensors.


Through research on the substitution rate of pulverized coal for coke at Handan Iron Steel Co.,the rate at different stage of operation was calculated.The primary factors affecting the substitution rate were coal ratio and coke ratio,coal and coke fixed carbon mass fraction,oxygen enrichment ratio and so on.The substitution rate decreased obviously as pulverized coal injection increased.With each 10 kg/t increase of coal injection,the substitution rate decreased by 0.038;and with each 1 % increase of w(C) of the pulverized coal,the substitution rate increased by approx 0.049.Improving the oxygen enrichment ratio helped better combustion of the pulverized coal,and increase the substitution rate effectively.The economical pulverized coal injection rate of No.1 blast furnace of Handan Iron and Steel Co.is 120-125 kg/t.


An Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) based community was designed, operated, and evaluated, to support student teachers during their practical work (practicum) in the department of Education in the University of the Aegean. A Web 2.0 social network was used as collaborative non-formal learning space among educators and students that worked on open and closed activities. The research framework was based on: (a) the exploration of reflection levels and perceptions of professional identity of student teachers during practicum, through their participation in an online community setting; and (b) on evaluating the impact of Web 2.0 spaces on teachers' practicum during an academic semester. In this paper, we discuss the research settings and the processes and present some preliminary results.