In the analysis that follows, the mechanical response of an optical glass fiber specimen subjected to a significant change in temperature is modeled. The objective of the analysis is to find out whether small lateral coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and Young's modulus gradients (along one of the diameters of the fiber cross section) can contribute appreciably to the observed residual bow (''curling'') of the fiber. Although the communication does not contain experimental data, we show that these gradients have enough potential to be one of the contributing factors that could possibly lead to curling. As is known, large ''curls'' can make automatic splicing of fibers difficult.


Brain monitored level of propofol hypnosis provides a numerically reproducible paradigm to block negative ketamine side effects. 50 mg IV ketamine 3 minutes prior to local anesthetic injection blocks virtually all midbrain NMDA receptors and is the basis for nonopioid preemptive analgesia. Opioid avoidance essentially eliminates postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) as well as the need for antiemetic agents. Over the past 20 years, no elective cosmetic surgical cases required hospital admission for either postoperative pain control or PONV.


Disclosed is an LED bar-shaped lamp fitting, which comprises a transparent cover, an LED light source module and a supporting body, the transparent cover is fixed on the supporting body, the LED light source module is fixed on the supporting body made of material with excellent heat-conducting property, the supporting body comprises a base part and a plurality of radiating fins protruding outwards from the base part, the supporting body is provided with a slot into which the transparent cover is inserted, a fixture block is arranged on the transparent cover corresponding to the slot, and the fixture block is clamped into the slot on the supporting body. The LED bar-shaped lamp fitting takes an LED as a luminescence light source, the supporting body with excellent heat dispersion performance is arranged, meanwhile, a plurality of radiating fins are formed thereon by an integrated way, so heat produced by the LED can be transferred rapidly, so as to reach excellent radiating effects; in addition, the slot is also arranged on the supporting body, the fixture block is arranged on the transparent cover, so the transparent cover can be conveniently and reliably clamped on the supporting body, and the utility model has advantages of simple structure and convenient assembling.


We present a novel method for injecting temporality into entailment graphs to address the problem of spurious entailments, which may arise from similar but temporally distinct events involving the same pair of entities. We focus on the sports domain in which the same pairs of teams play on different occasions, with different outcomes. We present an unsupervised model that aims to learn entailments such as win/lose → play, while avoiding the pitfall of learning non-entailments such as win ̸→ lose. We evaluate our model on a manually constructed dataset, showing that incorporating time intervals and applying a temporal window around them, are effective strategies.


We studied a simplified model of a polymer brush formed by linear chains, which were restricted to a simple cubic lattice. The chain macromolecules consisted of a sequence of two kinds of segment, arranged in a specific sequence. The chains were grafted to an impenetrable surface, i.e. they were terminally attached to the surface at one end. The number of chains was varied from low to high grafting density. The model system was studied under different solvent quality, from good to poor solvent. The properties of this model system were studied by means of Monte Carlo simulations. The sampling algorithm was based on local changes of the chain's conformations.


The local Casimir energy density for a massless scalar field associated with step-function potentials in a 3+1 dimensional spherical geometry is considered. The potential is chosen to be zero except in a shell of thickness $\delta$, where it has height $h$, with the constraint $h\delta=1$. In the limit of zero thickness, an ideal $\delta$-function shell is recovered. The behavior of the energy density as the surface of the shell is approached is studied in both the strong and weak coupling regimes. The former case corresponds to the well-known Dirichlet shell limit. New results, which shed light on the nature of surface divergences and on the energy contained within the shell, are obtained in the weak coupling limit, and for a shell of finite thickness. In the case of zero thickness, the energy has a contribution not only from the local energy density, but from an energy term residing entirely on the surface. It is shown that the latter coincides with the integrated local energy density within the shell. We also study the dependence of local and global quantities on the conformal parameter. In particular new insight is provided on the reason for the divergence in the global Casimir energy in third order in the coupling.


Background Mucormycosis is an opportunistic fungal infection with high morbidity and mortality. Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors, clinical presentation, management, and outcome of management of orbital mucormycosis during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Patients and methods This is a prospective hospital-based observational study that was conducted on cases of rhino-orbital cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) presented to a tertiary health-care center in North-West Rajasthan, India, during the second wave of COVID-19 over a period of 1 month (May 26, 2021 to June 25, 2021). The patients were followed up for 3 months. A total of 40 cases fulfilling the clinical, radiological, and pathological or microbiological criteria for the diagnosis of ROCM were included in the study. Results Out of a total of 126 mucormycosis patients, 40 had ocular manifestations ranging from lid edema, chemosis, and ptosis to severe manifestations such s ophthalmoplegia, optic neuritis, and cavernous sinus thrombosis. Rare presentations of corneal eschar and corneal ulcer were also reported. Among the 40 patients of orbital mucormycosis, 57.5% were in the age group of 51–65 years, 65% were males, 62.5% were COVID positive, 37.5% had a history of oxygen therapy during the COVID-19 illness, and 85% were not vaccinated against COVID-19. All patients with orbital involvement had rhinitis at presentation. Intravenous Amphotericin B was given to all patients. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery was done in 92.5% of the cases and orbital exenteration was done in 35% of the patients to prevent the spread of mucor and to reduce mortality. In 32.5% of the patients, retrobulbar Amphotericin B was given. The mean length of hospital stay was 24.62±11.70 days and 70% of the patients were discharged from the hospital on oral antifungal therapy. A total of 30% of the patients with cerebral involvement passed away. During the follow-up of 3 months, three (7.5%) more patients who discontinued treatment progressed to advanced disease and died, while 62.5% (25 out of 40) patients were alive with stable/regressed disease. The survival rate with retrobulbar Amphotericin B was 92.30% and with exenteration was 92.85%, which was statistically significant compared with the 5% survival rate in the cases in whom no such intervention was done. Conclusion Early diagnosis and treatment of ROCM reduced morbidity and mortality in mucormycosis patients.


There are Several methods available to quantify ground recharge and each method has its own limitations in terms of reliability and applicability. Most of them requires more than one parameter to estimate the groudwater recharge, as for example, coefficients for the soil type, use and occupation of the area and the evaporation and infiltration. In view of the unavailability of data in some areas, the calculation of groundwater recharge by these methods would become unavailable and often impractical. The objective of this study was to estimate the recharge from a simple method with few input data, and reliable. So, the study intended to estimate the recharge of the Rio Claro aquifer, in the Rio Claro-SP city, from a simple data obtained through the classification based on similar hydrologic areas, the technique of regionalization. The groudwater recharge was estimated by Flow Permanence of 95% (Q95), applied to the area of 95.7 km2 of occurrence of Rio Claro Formation. The study used data on rainfall for the years 2002 to 2005. To check the results, the recharge was also calculated using the application of two Indians methods, which the only input parameter was the amount of rain. The average recharge estimated by Indian methods was calculated on 315.82 mm / year and 282.94 mm / yr. The method of Q95 resulted in an average recharge of 175.4 mm / year, approximately 12% of the precipitation, which in comparison to other methods and recharges, calculated in the same area by other authors, is smaller.


Progressive stacking is a strategy for prioritizing in-class contributions that allows marginalized students to speak before non-marginalized students. I argue that this strategy is both pedagogically and ethically defensible. Pedagogically, it provides benefits to all students (e.g., expanded in-class discourse) while providing special benefits (e.g., increased self-efficacy) to marginalized students, helping to address historic educational inequalities. Ethically, I argue that neither marginalized nor non-marginalized students are wronged by such a policy. First, I present a strategy for self-disclosure that reduces the risk of inadvertent, unwanted disclosure while respecting marginalized student autonomy in a manner analogous to accommodations provided under the Americans with Disabilities Act. Second, I argue that non-marginalized students are not wronged because such students are not silenced during discussion and because non-marginalized students benefit from the prioritization of marginalized voices.


We present a detailed study of the cosmic star formation history over 90 per cent of cosmic time (0 ≲ z ≲ 4), using deep, radio continuum observations that probe star formation activity independent of dust. The Low Frequency Array Two Metre Sky Survey has imaged three well-studied extragalactic fields, Elais-N1, Boötes and the Lockman Hole, reaching $\sim 20\, \mu \rm {Jy/beam}$ rms sensitivity at $150\, \rm {MHz}$. The availability of high-quality ancillary data from ultraviolet to far-infrared wavelengths has enabled accurate photometric redshifts and the robust separation of radio-bright AGN from their star-forming counterparts. We capitalise on this unique combination of deep, wide fields and robustly-selected star-forming galaxies to construct radio luminosity functions and derive the cosmic star formation rate density. We carefully constrain and correct for scatter in the $L_{150\, \rm {MHz}}-\rm {SFR}$ relation, which we find to be $\sim 0.3\, \rm {dex}$. Our derived star formation rate density lies between previous measurements at all redshifts studied. We derive higher star formation rate densities between z ∼ 0 and z ∼ 3 than are typically inferred from short wavelength emission; at earlier times, this discrepancy is reduced. Our measurements are generally in good agreement with far-infrared and radio-based studies, with small offsets resulting from differing star formation rate calibrations.


Quinine (100 μm) abolished the slow calcium‐dependent afterhyperpolarization which occurs after an action potential in some neurones of the guinea‐pig myenteric and submucous plexus. This occurred without any effect on the amplitude or time course of the action potential itself, or on the faster calcium‐independent afterhyperpolarization. Tetraethylammonium did not reduce the slow afterhyperpolarization. Quinine also abolished the hyperpolarization which was evoked by intracellular injection of calcium ions.


An attractive picture of the world is that some features are metaphysically fundamental and others are derivative, with the derivative features grounded in the fundamental features. But how do we have justified beliefs about which features are fundamental? What is the epistemology of fundamentality? I sketch a response in this paper. The guiding idea is that the same properties cause the same experiences. I argue that a probabilistic connection between epistemic fundamentality and metaphysical fundamentality is sufficient for justified beliefs about the metaphysically fundamental.


Abstract The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has funded a pilot project to assist small and medium-size manufacturers who want to minimize their generation of waste but who lack the expertise to do so. Waste Minimization Assessment Centers (WMACs) were established at selected universities and procedures were adapted from the EPA Waste Minimization Opportunity Assessment Manual (EPA/625/7-88/003, July 1988). That document has been superseded by the Facility Pollution Prevention Guide (EPA/600/R-92/088, May 1992). The WMAC team at the University of Louisville performed an assessment at a plant that manufactures carbon and stainless steel products, primarily conveying and transportation equipment. Raw steel is cut, machined, welded into subassemblies, and sandblasted. Expanded metal is coated. All parts are painted, assembled, inspected, packaged, and shipped. The team's report, detailing findings and recommendations, indicated that the plant could achieve significant cost savings and waste reduction by replacing its current airless paint spraying system with a low pressure, airmix system.


On account of the disturbance of coexistent ions during the traditional determination of nickel content in nickel plating baths, square wave voltammetry was adopted. The fundamental of the method was introduced. Effects of test conditions and coexistentions on the tested results were studied. In buffer solution of ammonia water-ammonium chloride with pH value was 10 and triethanolamine acted as masking agent, the electrochemical spectrum curve of nickel(Ⅱ) reached a peak value at potential of -1.12 V(vs SCE), and the peak current was in direct proportion to nickel (Ⅱ) content provided that nickel(Ⅱ) content lies between 2 to 20 milligrams per liter, the low limit of nickel that could be measured is 0.5 milligrams per liter. This method is simple, rapid, accurate and sensitive which is suitable for microdetermination of nickel.


Cerebral developmental venous anomaly (DVA) is a kind of benign vascular malformation that mainly occurs supratentorially. Its diagnosis mainly depends on imaging examination. It is often misdiagnosed or missed because of low incidence and atypical clinical manifestations. This article reviews the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, imaging features, and prognosis of DVA.

Key words:
Intracranial arteriovenous malformations; Cerebral veins; Magnetic resonance imaging; Tomography, X-ray computed; Cerebral angiography


DOI: 10.21276/sjhss.2018.3.12.16 Abstract: The study assessed the impact of poverty alleviation programme on Agricultural Production and Literacy Among Adults in Damaturu Yobe state. The Objectives of the study is to assess the impact of poverty alleviation on Agricultural production and Literacy among Adults. And the beneficiaries of this study are the Yobe State Agency for Community and Social Development, Ministry of Sport and Youth Empowerment, Non-Governmental Organization Eradicating Poverty, Youths/Adult, Farmers and School Dropout. A survey research design was used for the study. The target population of the study was comprise of 300 beneficiaries of poverty alleviation programmes in Damaturu Local Government Area, one hundred and sixty nine (169) was selected as sample through simple random sampling techniques. The instrument used for this study was questionnaire tagged Assessment of Poverty Alleviation Programmes on Adults Economic in Empowerment in Damaturu, Yobe State (APAPAEED). In analyzing the data descriptive statistics of frequency, percentage, mean and Ranks was used. The study reveals that Poverty Alleviation Programmes has positive impacts on Agricultural Production and Literacy programme in Damaturu, Yobe State, Nigeria.


The insecticide use on insect pest control is an important tool to keep high yields on soybeans. However, little is known about the behavior of the insecticide in adverse conditions, such as spraying followed by precipitation. The use of adjuvants associated with insecticides is another factor that can be related to improvement of its effi ciency. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the infl uence of four precipitation periods after the pulverization of the insecticide clorantraniliprole (2g of the active ingredient ha -1 ). A mixed of different adjuvants on the control of caterpillars on soybeans were evaluated. The assay was performed using two cultivars in six pots (2 plants/pots) for a factor scheme of 5x5. The factor adjuvants consisted of one untreated (without adjuvants) and four adjuvants (Assist ®


Objective The aim of this study is to assess global LV systolic and diastolic function in patients with CAD using a new technology called Doppler Tissue Imaging (DTI) on the motion of mitral annulus Methods Thirty-two patients with CAD and 20 normal subjects as control group were included, 6 mitral annular sites: septal and lateral from apical 4-chamber views, anterior and inferior from apical 2-chamber view, anteroseptum and posterior from apical 3-chamber views were adopted. The peak systolic and peak early and late diastolic velocities of each of 6 mitral annular site were measured (Sa, Ea, Aa, respectively). Results 1. The spectrum pattern are similar in CAD patients and normal group with three main waves in each cardiac cycle :Sa in systolic and Ea、Aa in diastolic 2. The peak velocity of Sa, Ea and Ea/Aa ratio of each of 6 mitral annular site are significantly lower in CAD patients than normal subjects (P0.01) 3. In patients with CAD there were close relations between the 6-site average Sa of the mitral annulus and LVEF(r=0.689,P0.01), and between the average Ea/Aa of mitral annulus and thrasmitral indexes E/A ratio (r=0.42 P0.05) 4. The Sa of the lateral site of mitral annulus from the apical 4-chamber view correlated most closely with the average Sa in both normal subjects (r=0.774)and CAD patients (r=0.812),the same as the relationship the Ea/Aa ratio of the lateral site of the mitral annular and average Ea/Aa ratio (r=0.562, r=0.585,respectively) Conclusion Mitral annular motion spectrum derived from DTI can reflect systolic and diastolic dysfunction at the same time. It is a new, safe, direct, reliable and easy manner.


Place attachment is a common phenomenon in our lives. Individuals may have special emotions on certain places and they will spend more money and time here. This is very valuable to golf which highly relies on places. This research is on the relationships between place attachment and post-purchase behaviors in golf. Place attachment was divided into two basic dimensions of place dependence and place identity in this study. Empirical methods and SEM (structural equation modeling) analysis were used. The results showed that place dependence influenced post-purchase behaviors directly, while place identity had indirect impact on post-purchase behaviors through the intermediary effect of participation behaviors.


The authors investigated the temporal and spatial patterns of the virtual water content(/kg) and total virtual water requirements for rice,wheat,maize and soybeans in Liaoning Province,Jilin Province and Heilongjiang Province in Northeastern China from 1988 to 2008.The results show that soybeans had the highest water demand per kilogram,followed by wheat,rice and maize.Spatial variations were evident.Per kilogram rice consumes more water in Heilongjiang,while wheat in Jilin,maize and soybeans in Liaoning.In Heilongjiang,rice,wheat and soybeans had the highest total virtual water needs,8.60×109,3.98×109 and 1.22×1010 m3,respectively.Whereas the largest total virtual water for maize(1.08×1010 m3) appeared in Jilin Province.During the studied period,water demands per kilogram of soybeans and wheat fluctuated,while for rice and maize the demands were stable.As to total virtual water demand,it increased for maize and rice,whereas decreased significantly for wheat.These findings provide insights on the water demand of the four crops,and thus are meaningful for decision-makers.


Urban areas can support significant bird populations, including species of conservation concern, but urban ecologists have been slow to apply detectability-based counting techniques. We compared abundances and relative abundances of eight urban birds, derived using two commonly applied techniques (fixed-radius point and strip sampling) and distance sampling. We evaluated the influence of habitat and two covariates (observer and whether birds were seen or heard) on detectability. Due to built-up structures in urban areas, point counts are appropriate. Unavoidable and sometimes complex but necessary interactions with multiple property owners may compromise the number of points able to be counted and therefore the precision of estimates. Abundances from strip and fixed-radius point counts were on average only one-third (strip) and less than one-half (fixed-radius point) those obtained using distance sampling, with interspecific variation in the degree to which densities were underestimated. Rankings of relative abundances were mostly similar, although distance sampling ranked silvereye (Zosterops lateralis) and grey warbler (Gerygone igata) relatively higher in residential habitat. Habitat did not appear to influence detectability for most species, but the two covariates (observer and seen/heard) improved model fit for a number of species, indicating it is useful to record this information. Well-standardised non-detectability-based counts could provide useful information on community structure and relative abundances in urban areas, but distance sampling is necessary to track the population status of species, although it cannot usefully be applied to rare species.


The article discusses the possibility of building intelligent (active-adaptive) electrical networks for rural purposes using a SCADA system in automated control systems for energy facilities.


Although the next generation networks (5G-NGNs) provide a flexible infrastructure to support latency-sensitive and bandwidth-hungry mission-critical Internet of Things (IoT) applications, however, the 5G-IoT integration in NGNs has increased the threat surface. Unfortunately, IoT devices are resource constrained, and the traditional intrusion detection systems (IDS) approaches based on cryptography are not effective on 5G-IoT ecosystems. In this article, we propose an effective 5G-IoT node authentication approach that leverages unique radio frequency (RF) fingerprinting data to train the Deep learning model to detect legitimate and nonlegitimate IoT nodes. Our approach is based on Mahalanobis Distance theory and Chi-square distribution theories. The proposed approach achieves a higher detection accuracy (99.35%) as well as lower training time compared to other existing approaches which is a key benefit of our approach in NGNs. The experiments are conducted using ETSI-open source NFV management and orchestration (OSM-MANO) platform on Amazon Web Services (AWSs) cloud platform to verify how the proposed approach would fit in real-life scenarios. The method can be used as a standalone security system or as a part of multifactor authentication.


Complex refractory systems are used in modern blast furnaces to provide the long, safe lives necessary for furnace availability and to permit nearly continuous furnace operation and casting. To achieve these goals, the best refractory materials are combined with other critical features such as water cooling in the furnace proper or rapid component replacement of the casthouse components. The refractory systems continue to evolve and facets of this evolution are also covered in Chapter 3 on refractory properties, Chapter 9 on furnace construction, and Chapter 10 on pig iron manufacture.


A new variant of the hinge type knee prosthesis has been developed in Sheffield, England. To date, the results of the early clinical trial in five patients are satisfactory, but it is recognized that the operation is highly speculative and continuation of the trial is being conducted with extreme caution. The main features are as follows.

1
The hinge is not provided with a mechanical stop to extension, the posterior ligament providing this check.

2
The contours of the femoral condyles are preseved.

3
Debris is collected inside the device.

4
Replacement of worn plastic components can be conducted without dismantling the knee.

5
There is a built-in resilience which is intended to protect the components and the bone-implant interface.


Current literature regarding Australians' attitudes towards refugees and asylum seekers has highlighted negative attitudes towards both groups. Consistently, intergroup contact has been a factor found to reduce prejudice and negative intergroup attitudes. Intergroup contact may also affect the categorisation process and influence judgments. The aim of this thesis was to further investigate the role of contact and how it influences our attitudes, judgments and the categorisation process in the context of humanitarian refugees and asylum seekers in Australia. Queensland residents (N = 194) were randomly assigned to read about a person that was from one of three countries and was either a humanitarian refugee or an asylum seeker. They then completed a questionnaire measuring their impression of the person, Social Dominance Orientation (SDO), social desirability, prejudicial attitudes towards humanitarian refugees or asylum seekers and a free recall task. Results found social desirability and national identification were not significantly related to attitudes. Conversely, high SDO and high prejudicial attitudes were significantly related to negative attitudes. Migrant's status and country of origin were not seen to influence attitudes. Prejudicial attitudes and level of contact did not significantly interact to influence attitudes. Contact quality was found to be a stronger predictor of attitudes than contact quantity, although neither was found to be significant predictors of attitudes. This is a very important topic to investigate that has both theoretical and practical implications. This research suggests ways to improve Australians' negative attitudes and reduced prejudice towards humanitarian refugees and asylum seekers.


GPUs have become important solutions for accelerating scientific applications. Most of the existing work on climate models now use code rewritten using CUDA to achieve a limited speedup. This restriction also greatly limits followup development and applications. In this paper, we designed and implemented a GPU-based acceleration of the LASG/IAP climate system ocean model (LICOM) version 2, called LICOM2-GPU. Considering the extremely large codebase of the model and the occasional need to modify the code, we implemented the model completely in OpenACC. Several accelerated methods, including OpenACC data locality optimization, loop optimization, and interprocess communication optimization are presented. Developing for GPUs using OpenACC is substantially simpler than using the CUDA port. Thus, the OpenACC is a suitable GPU programming model for complex systems, such as the earth system model and its components. Our experimental results using 4 NVIDIA K80 cards achieved up to a 6.6 $ \times $ speedup compared with 4 Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2690 v2 GPUs.


Realization of e-business is based on business process management system (BPMS). In BPMS there are a large number of event logs recording the performers and corresponding activities. Team organization structure is so flexible as to be more suitable for implementation of e-business. However the existing organizational structure modeling methods are difficult to model team structure. This paper design a modeling method of role-based team organization structure based on event logs from BPMS. Usually if the role of performers is similar, they can be classified as a same team. This method analyzes activities type and activities frequency of different performers in the event logs in order to judge their role similarity. Firstly, a PA (performer-activity) diagram is designed to describe the relations between different performers and activities; secondly, the role relation mining rules are designed; At last, the measures of the role similarity among performers are designed based on which a team organization structure can be modeled.


In this paper is presented a case study of the scientific production of the Faculty of Languages of the National University of Cordoba (2008-2013).The aim was to study the production quantitatively and qualitatively the scientific production of teachers and researchers from the Faculty of Languages of the National University of Cordoba in the period 2008-2011 ; and qualitatively analyze and interpret scientific production with a critical - hermeneutical approach.
The research was exploratory-descriptive, and was carried out through a mixed methodological approach, quantitative and qualitative, in three stages.
Among the findings, it can be mentioned that the scientific field of the institution is in a moment of self-awareness and reflexivity, that there is a predominance of a professionalist university model that is in conflict with the production model of scientific knowledge, and that scientific-academic university policies have an impact on the scientific field of the School of Languages. There were also several observable issues, namely the academic transformation of the teaching role into teacher-researcher; the absence of a strategic policy of priority areas, the existence of a genuine place for research (infrastructural, academic, economic); the detection of closed groups as "invisible colleges" or "scientific schools" organized around "insular research projects"; and the personalization of the areas and lines of research according to the historical process of the scientific field.


Summary The research reported here was designed to investigate grade, sex, and ethnic background differences in self-concept of 301 kindergarten and first grade children from Anglo, Franco-American, and mixed parentage families. Higher self-concept scores were found on three subscales of the Self-Appraisal Inventory (SAI) for children with two Anglo parents and lowest scores for children of mixed ethnic parentage. No sex differences were found and first graders scored higher than kindergarteners on the General Scale. Implications for research and education are discussed.


This paper describes the work undertaken by the United Kingdom Offshore Operators Association (UKOOA) to develop a framework to facilitate and guide the process of decision making. Within a risk based regulatory environment the oil and gas operators have had to state their own objectives and then demonstrate how they have achieved them, this framework provides a transparent protocol to facilitate that demonstration. The offshore safety regulations have required the UK Offshore Community to develop a series of approaches to managing major hazards within a risk based context and that community is legally bound to demonstrate the effectiveness of that management. This framework describes how prescriptive standards and goal setting can be mutually supportive and how the process of defining decision types and then resolving them can be described in this one framework thus facilitating the decision making process for all parties.


The last issue of Central Asian Sun•ey included Andrew March's challenge to my 2002 analysis of the place of Genghis Khan in post-Socialist Mongolian political culture. 2 Starting from the question, why has Mongolia taken to liberal democracy so readily after the destruction of the Berlin wall?, I argued that one factor is Mongolian political culture, which rapidly shifted from the concept of Leninist economic democracy to Western liberal democracy. This transitionwas influenced, in part, by citizens' understanding of their great Ieader, Genghis Khan. My findings were based on three seasons of research in Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia's capital), Hovd (the provincial capital of Hovd Province), and the surrounding environs. March chose to critique my work based on his knowledge of Mongolia, which comes from anecdotal evidence at best. His resulting commentary is an invective flawed both in knowledge and logic. A PhD candidate in political science, March apparently is ignorant of cognitive anthropology, which is the methodology used in my study. He does not know its long tradition, starting with the focused definition of culture proposed by Frake, Goodenough, Berlin and Romney in the 1950s and 1960s. Nor does he know its renaissance in the 1980s by D'Andrade, Boster and Weller, among others. My article started from the cognitive definition of culture, which focuses its analysis of culture on group cognitive patteming derived from speech (interviews), and remained within that definition. In fact, the paragraph following Table 3 clearly stated this, for I wrote, 'We can state that our respondents definitely incorporate the four pillars of liberal democracy into their political culture, both as their ideal govemment today and as their inheritance from Genghis Khan'. I carefully avoid linking culture and behavior. Choosing to ignore the methodological parameters of the study, March falsely assumes that culture must be defined as culture and behavior, following E.B. Tylor's broad 1871 definition. This, he thinks, gives him the right to take my article out of context, critique its Iogic (which he distorts), and therefore criticize it for focusing on the wrang question-the question he is more interested in than the one posed by my article. This clearly is not good or even acceptable scholarly procedure. March then tries to couch my argument as one of cultural determinism (ie culture determines behavior) even though the original article does not go beyond the database and make any connection between the two, causal or otherwise. No anthropologist worth her salt would oversimplify the complex interaction between behavior and culture as March does. No self-respecting social scientist


Gender mainstreaming is a globally accepted strategy for promoting gender equality. Mainstreaming is not an end in itself but a strategy, an approach, a means to achieve the goal of gender equality. Mainstreaming involves ensuring that gender perspectives and attention to the goal of gender equality are central to all activities - policy development, research, advocacy/dialogue, legislation, resource allocation, and planning, implementation and monitoring of programs and projects. Gender mainstreaming is, therefore, becoming a collective awareness and concern in most countries since it is viewed as one of the most appropriate, comprehensive and representative approaches to solve both the problem of gender inequality and the problem of violence against women and children including in Indonesia in general and Aceh in particular.  This study is aimed at exploring how gender mainstreaming initiatives, attempts to integrate a gender equality approach to post-tsunami and post-conflict reconstruction and development efforts in Aceh, take part in the social and political reconstruction by both reproducing and subverting gendered images of temporality and spatiality as well as promoting a holistic gender equality in all aspects of life. The method used in doing this research is a library method in which all related data and library resources are collected, examined and finally analyzed. The result of this study suggests, among others, that gender mainstreaming should be based on a holistic approach, not only in spirit and conceptual basis but also in practical and social reality basis, such as empowering women in having equal access toward education, access to economic resources, access to the right of possessing property, etc. Moreover, one of another important result of this study is that the violence against women and children that still commonly occur almost everywhere in the world should be viewed as collective enemy and challenge which needs to be faced and eliminated collectively as well.


We study numerically the ac response of 2D vortex lattice with randomly distributed point-like pinning centers. Then mode-locking steps are observed in the simulated dc I-V characteristics, accompanied by the occurrence of largest negative peaks in the dc differential (dV/dI)-{dc}. This is in good agreement with experiments.


The study redesigned an old iPhone as an assistive device for a blind child, and set a research environment based on the blind child's actual needs at school and surroundings. The iPhone was added a mechanism within original voice control function to activate the web-based sound system which called sound guide devices (SGD). The SGD were integrated into the audible traffic signals, street lights, signboards, toilets, library, convenient store, classrooms, and entrances of buildings, and every SGD could be a point of reference in the environment. All reference points in this study could build up the space perception by telling the direction for the blind child, and each SGD could also speak the vicinal and interesting information more detail. Through sound's feedback from SGD, we attempted to establish the blind map in mind by hearing and enhance the cognition about the environment via artificial speech. This study expected that the voice controlled guide phone could help the blind child to become more confident and independent in his environment. With the concept of universal design, we add a mechanism to redirect the voice command to SGD by way of Wi-Fi without changing any original usage. In the research, the blind child who studied in the resource class of an elementary school in Hsinchu County, Taiwan, was a normal intelligent and physical child, and he can follow our instructions. For a total of six months, experiments were conducted in six stages: case and environment evaluation, mobile phone and facilities redesigning, software and hardware test and adjustment, usage training and real environment testing, benefits comparison between the voice controlled guide phone and traditional guide cane, and satisfaction survey. After the iPhone was redesigned completely, 7 universal design indicators were analyzed. Experimental results indicated that the client had an immediate ability for orientation. The 2nd benefit revealed sound feedbacks could establish the space perception efficiently, and information speaking on demand could also enrich the knowledge of environment. The 3rd analysis on universal design principles demonstrated the simple operation merit from iPhone's existing single button design. The fourth focus on redesign could reduce the cost of assistive device development. The fifth satisfaction surveys posted client, parents, and teacher were all satisfying with the assistive device. The last advantage which also based on the universal design principles could provide the blind child and normal people as well with the voice controlled function on demand and then trigger the detailed audio guidance when in an unfamiliar environment.


The hyperspectral remote sensing is one of the frontier techniques in the remote sensing research fields. Applying the sparse coding model to the hyperspectral remote sensing image processing is a hot topic in hyperspectral information processing. To improve the accuracy of hyperspectral image classification, we propose a classification method based on the spatial-spectral join-t contextual sparse coding. Firstly, a dictionary is obtained by training using samples selected from the ground-truth reference data. Then, the sparse coefficients of each pixel are calculated based on the learned dictionary. Afterward, the sparse coefficients are input to the classifier and the final classification result is obtained. The visible and near-infrared hyperspectral remote sensing image collected by Tiangong-1 in Chaoyang District of Beijing is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach. Experimental results show that the proposed method yields the best classification performance with the overall accuracy of 95.74% and the Kappa coefficient of 0.9476 in comparison with other classification methods.


This master thesis has been executed to analyze methods for reducing the fatigue of the subsea wellhead system. The subsea wellhead is locked to the seabed with a mobile marine riser indirectly con ...


The focus of the study is on the environmental rather than on the health aspects of dental amalgam. While scientific debate on the potential health effects of the use of dental amalgam is still controversial, the need for proper management of dental amalgam waste is not disputed. It is expected that a significant quantity of mercury originating from dental fillings, estimated at over 1,000 tonnes for the entire EU population, will probably ultimately end up in the environment, e.g. by release into the soil via burial, or even by direct emission into the atmosphere following cremation, unless relevant policy measures are considered.


In Air Supply application required variable flow control of air. In the traditional method of such flow control, induction motor is run at full speed and then control the flow by damper control method. But this method has few drawbacks i.e. limited adjustment of flow; it increases the resistance to flow, not energy efficient method. As per the fan affinity law where the load torque and power vary with the square and cube, respectively of the speed. So Air Supply Unit can save energy when they are operated at variable speed operation, by implementing variable frequency drive. Such energy saving method is used in variable torque centrifugal fan application, where the load torque and power vary with the square and cube, respectively of the speed. This change gives a large power reduction compared to fixed speed operation for a relatively small reduction in speed. Also by Using a variable frequency drive to control the air flow with a fully open damper saves a considerable amount of power. As most of the drives operate at part load most of the time, the accumulated energy saving may be substantial over a prolonged period of time. Because this type of air flow control is common in industry, widespread application of variable-frequency drives with power electronics area can help in large energy conservation. The main propose of this paper is to save the energy in air supply unit by the implementation of VFD and hence the proper control of air flows is achieve.


We have investigated defect mode lasing when a cell containing a dye solution is sandwiched between two cholesteric liquid crystal cells. When the cholesteric pitch of both cells is equal, the dye emission generates the typical multi-mode lasing peaks inside the photonic stop band. We prepared two cholesteric mixtures whose pitches were shifted one respect to the other in such a way that only the edges of band gaps of the cholesteric liquid crystals layers overlapped. Using these mixtures we have observed single mode lasing. Moreover the divergence of the laser beam spot is considerably lower than the one observed in dye doped cholesteric liquid crystal lasers.


361Peace Treaties — Performance of — Restitution and reparation provisions — Placing of enemy-owned shares in "blocked account" — Whether a "special measure applied to property" — Failure of depositary of shares to take up option rights — Whether giving depositor right to compensation from Government.


New women's health policies were proposed by Colombia's Ministry of Health at the forum "Women for Health Health for Women" held in Bogota in May 1992. The proposals were intended to improve quality and coverage of health services at all levels of care and to meet women's needs regarding their bodies sexuality lives and health. Direct participation of women in policy formulation and implementation is also to be promoted. The problems of adolescent mothers received particular emphasis at the forum. Substantial changes must be made to provide solutions to the problems that arise when adolescent pregnancies are unwanted and the help of the partner or family is not forthcoming. The Health for Women Women for Health policies are needed because of the significant sociodemographic occupational and educational changes women have experienced and the international commitments to a more just and equitable society that Ecuador has endorsed. The problem faced by women at present is to reshape an identity lost between the masculine world and the identification of women purely as mothers. New subprograms will be developed and implemented in the area of health promotion and self-care for women integral care for reproductive health and sexuality prevention of abuse and care of victims of violence mental health and occupational health.


Late blight is the most devastating disease of potato ( Solanum tuberosum) worldwide. It is caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans . Wild Solanum species are a rich source of resistance genes to Phytphthora infestans .  Solanum demissum is the most studied and used potato in breeding programs. 11 resistance genes from Solanum demissum were introduced in Solanum tuberosum. In this study we tried to isolate the gene fragments involved in potato resistance to Phytophthora infestans. We used potato plants ( Solanum tuberosum) containing different resistance genes to Phytophthora infestans. After RAPD analyses of resistant and sensible potato, we have identified markers that were used as probe for Southern Blotting hybridization of digested and cloned genomic DNA of resistant potato plants. From bacterial colonies, identified as carrying the gene fragment involved in Phytophthora  infes tans resistance, was isolated plasmidial DNA. After selection of bacterial colonies, which presented, after amplification with specific primers of the vector, a singular band, the DNA was sequenced.


The circumferential excitation-current sheet modelling a short coil immersed in an infinitely long circular-cylindrical multiregion structure is represented by a continuous spectrum of travelling waves; each energises an equivalent network that consists of a set of nonuniform transmission lines connected in cascade. The formulation in Bessel-function form is completely avoided by replacing each transmission line by a large number of T-circuits in cascade. The input `circuital impedance? of the solenoid is then related to the input `tensorial surface-wave impedance? of the equivalent network seen when looking from the excitation radius.


In Ethiopia, Micro and small enterprises (MSE) are recognized as important vehicles of economic growth, employment creation, and income generation. As a result, MSE occupy a prominent position in the development agenda of Ethiopia. The main objective of this study is to examine and analysis different major factors that cause for entrepreneur's dropout from MSE business in Nekemte town. The total population of the study was 3,070 MSEs operating in five sectors (construction, manufacturing, urban agriculture, trade and service) which is used as a stratum. Proportional stratified sampling technique was used for the selection of 172 MSEs from the strata. Only primary data was employed and it was collected by using structured questionnaire from the selected respondents. The study shows that that 58.7% of entrepreneurs face members drop out from their business whereas the remaining of them does not. From the descriptive statistics analysis the study finding show that the most contributing factor for members drop out from the business has three dimensions. First, individual dimensional factor (like lack of need for achievement of the business and risk taking propensity of members, personal background and individual competence are the most in decreasing order). Second, business dimensional factor(the most serious factor that contributes for entrepreneur drop out from MSE business is slow growth of the business followed by supply and demand related factors) and the third external business environmental factors(are lack of work premises followed by access to credit, and tax system, societal attitude towards MSE product/services in decreasing order). The econometric analysis reveals that 10 of the 18 variables used for the binary logistic regression analysis are highly influential over the drop out of entrepreneurs from their business. The 10 significantly contributing factors are at 1 and 5% level of significance are sex of the entrepreneurs; age of the entrepreneurs; educational status; sector of the business; source of finance; form of the business; possessing business plan; existence of sufficient market for the product/services; networking capacity of the entrepreneurs; and corruption from MSE support institutions. The multivariate regression results shows that individual dimensional affects positively the drop out of entrepreneurs from MSE business significantly at one percent level of significance indicating that individual dimensional factors contribute the most to the drop out of entrepreneurs from their business in the study area.


The surface acid-base properties of a γ-Al2O3 /SiO 2 nano-mixed system were studied by potentiometric titration technique.Based on experimental data complemented by surface complexation theory of Constant Capacitance Model,the relevant equilibrium constants of surface acid-base reactions in the nano-mixed system were calculated using the WinSGW program as:≡XOH+H + ≡XOH + 2(lgK 1 =5.06± 0.05);≡XOH ≡XO +H +(lgK 2 =-8.45±0.10).Furthermore,the adsorption of heavy metal ions(Cu2+,Pb2+,Zn2+) at the surface of the γ-Al2O3 /SiO 2 nano-mixed system was studied as a function of pH.Again using WinSGW software,the surface complexation constants of Cu 2+,Pb 2+ and Zn 2+ ions in aqueous suspensions of γ-Al2O3 /SiO 2 mixed systems were established respectively as:≡XOH+M 2+ ≡XOM + +H + [lgK=-2.20,-1.72,-2.90(M=Cu,Pb,Zn)]


Using a simple model for the layer of the tearing mode, it is demonstrated that toroidally coupled tearing modes with two rational surfaces are most unstable when the ω*'s of the electrons at the rational surfaces are equal. The onset of instability may then occur because of the tuning of ω* rather than the passage of Δ'‐like quantities through zero. This mechanism for the onset of instability is sharp since the resonance is narrow. The effect of toroidal rotation is also discussed.


Radiation forces on a dielectric sphere produced by highly focused generalized cylindrical vector beams are numerically studied in the Rayleigh scattering regime. Simulation results demonstrate that a highly focused radially polarized beam can be used to trap particles with index of refraction higher than the ambient, while a highly focused azimuthally polarized beam can be applied to trap particles with index of refraction lower than the ambient.


Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are becoming increasingly ubiquitous. They can be found in illumination appliances, phones, TVs, advertising panels, dashboards, and traffic signals, among others. Most illumination applications are becoming LED based, mainly due to their long operational lifetime and high energy efficiency, which is nowadays higher than 100 lm/W [1]. Other benefits include enhanced sustainability, a compact form factor, easier maintenance, and lower cost. For these reasons, LED lighting is expected to have a market share of 84% in the general illumination market by 2030 [2]. However, there is another characteristic that is not being fully exploited: LEDs are capable of switching their light intensity at a rate that is imperceptible to the human eye. This property has been used for dimming purposes but can also be utilized in the opportunistic deployment of value-added services based on visible light communication (VLC).


A dialogic storybook-based intervention integrating dialogic storybook reading with early literacy activities is studied with a longitudinal quasi-experimental study design. The effects of this intervention, in addition to a regular early childhood education (ECE) program, on kindergartners' vocabulary and phonological awareness development are analyzed for children from different backgrounds. Results indicated that the intervention may be effective in stimulating expressive vocabulary development. With regard to receptive vocabulary and phonological awareness measures, the intervention seems to have a similar effect to using a regular ECE program. The intervention had a similar effect for all children. Findings suggest that an active participation, in which the children are encouraged to talk about language, seems to be beneficial to enhance children's language use; this aspect might be elaborated in existing or future ECE programs. The intervention can be used to help children from underprivileged families to gain language skills to ensure an optimal start of formal education in Grade 1.


In this thesis, we study some models used in pricing financial derivatives. In particular, we will use two kinds of valuation techniques, Replication and Indifference Pricing. We will deal with the real-time valuation problem, option pricing with variable interest rates and optimal investment and option pricing when transaction costs are present. The analysis and design of appropriate numerical techniques will be necessary in this study. The outline of the thesis is as follows: In Chapter 1 we will propose a Reduced Bases functions method for the real-time valuation problem. Under the idea of paying computational cost just once, in a first step we will construct an interpolant polynomial in several variables that admits \textit{tensorial valuation} (computes option prices for several parameter values simultaneously) and it is computationally very efficient. Interpolant polynomials of models with several parameters suffer of the so called ``Curse of dimensionality'', which blows their storage cost. In a second step, a Reduced Bases function approach, designed and applied to the previous polynomial is presented. This approach will drastically reduce the impact of the mentioned curse, obtaining a low-storage and fast multiple-evaluation polynomial. The algorithms are described so that they can be applied to n-variable models and option types. Analysis of performance with a particular model (GARCH) and real market prices will also be presented. Chapter 2 is devoted to model extension incorporating variable interest rates. We will present a discrete GARCH model with deterministic variable interest rates and an extension of Heston's SV model with a bond that is able to incorporate a stochastic component. The existence, under certain hypothesis, of a risk free measure for the discrete model is proved and the stock's dynamics is computed. For the continuous model, a semi-explicit formula is obtained and analysis with market data are carried out. In Chapter 3, in a scenario with proportional transaction costs, a mesh-adaptative Chebyshev collocation method is developed to numerically solve the Optimal Investment problem under Potential Utility. Explicit analytical formulas can be obtained for certain interesting cases. Consequently, they are employed in the analysis of the numerical error of the method. Chapter 4 is dedicated to Option Pricing with transaction costs under Exponential Utility. After dealing with the numerical problems associated to the Exponential Utility function, a new non-linear PDE is obtained and a Fourier pseudospectral method is proposed to numerically solve it. Theoretical stability and convergence of the method is proved. We also carry out numerical experiments to test the effects in the option price of incorporating transaction costs.


Abstract Tell Jenin was the first archaeological site excavated in the area of West Bank (Palestine) by Birzeit University. Site 4 of this Tell covers many strata (from Late Neolithic to the recent past). The molluscan fauna accumulated during the Bronze Age. There is a dominance of freshwater and land snails over the Mediterranean shells. The "construction" phases (occupation) contain many more specimens than the "destruction" ones (abandonment) in each studied stratum of the site. This molluscan study identifies paleoclimatic variations in the prehistoric times. It also reflects the different patterns of trade exchange, food sources, and the use of molluscs as artifacts, including their use as ornaments, in traditional and ritual activities by the prehistoric man.


With large-scale expansion in the field of Artificial Intelligence, there has been an increase in the attempt to study and implement said concept into the development of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs). It has been documented that Autonomous Vehicles have the potential to rapidly decrease the human tendency to cause manual errors that may result in accidents. Therefore, one of the sole purposes of introducing an efficient Autonomous mechanism towards the driving process is to provide a convenient and accident-free vehicle-riding experience. While several surveys led to the discovery of various techniques such as Deep Learning, Q-Learning and so on for the development of AVs, these techniques also come with their own set of pros and cons. However, there is also a need for the investigation into the efficiency of these algorithms, in terms of parameter volume, latency, ability to handle hard tasks and various other factors. It has also been observed that the vast majority of these approaches employed the usage of cameras fitted on the exteriors of vehicles in order to recreate the various scenarios, terrains and riding-circumstances that may be encountered under real-time commutation.


This paper presents a fault detection and data processing algorithm for acoustic sensor systems using the multiple sensor algorithm that has originally developed for the wireless sensor nodes. The multiple sensor algorithm can increase the reliability of the sensor systems by utilizing and comparing the measurements of the multiple sensors. In the acoustic sensor system, the equivalent sound level() is used to detect the faulty sensor. The experiment was conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of the multiple acoustic sensor algorithm, and the results show that the algorithm can detect the faulty sensor and validate the data.


Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) leads to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) during sleep. OSA has been associated with liver injury. Our goal was to examine whether CIH increases liver injury induced by acetaminophen (APAP) treatment. C57BL/6J mice were exposed to CIH or intermittent air (IA) for 4 weeks while being treated with APAP i.p. (200 mg/kg) or normal saline daily. A combination of CIH and APAP caused liver injury with increases in serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma glutamyl transferase and total bilirubin levels, whereas CIH alone induced only elevation in serum AST levels. APAP alone did not affect serum levels of liver enzymes. Histopathology revealed hepatic necrosis and increased apoptosis in mice exposed to CIH and APAP, whereas the liver remained intact in all other groups. Mice exposed to CIH and APAP exhibited decreased hepatic glutathione and a five‐fold increase in nitrotyrosine levels. APAP or CIH alone had no effect on either glutathione or nitrotyrosine. A combination of CIH and APAP caused marked increases in monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 and macrophage inflammatory protein‐2, which were not observed in mice exposed to CIH or APAP alone. We conclude that CIH and chronic APAP treatment lead to synergistic liver injury, which may have clinical implications for patients with OSA.


The μ-calculus is a modal logic with least and greatest fixed-point operators, encompassing many temporal, program and description logics such as LTL, PDL, CTL and ALCQIOreg. Many decision procedures have been proposed for the μ-calculus, however few implementations have been shown useful in practice. In this paper, we propose a satisfiability algorithm for the μ-calculus with converse interpreted on finite unranked trees. In contrast with current state of the art algorithms, mostly automata-based, we propose an algorithm based on a depth-first search. We prove the algorithm to be correct (sound and complete) and optimal (EXPTIME). We also provide an implementation, which shows significant performance improvement with respect to a known breadth-first search based algorithm.


This article presents the analysis of the structural conditions of four modified bus stops with the change of a load represented by a green roof in the city of Bogota. The methodology has two phases for accounting the bus stop behavior; As a first step, a finite element model was the main tool to compare the critical stresses of the structure before and after the use of the green roof, and to observe the location of said stressed areas before the happening of a seismic force; and on the other hand a physical model which is subjected to different frequencies in a shaking table to compare the movement and damage of the structure before and after being modified. An increase in stresses of about 80.57% took place by the connection between the column and the central beam, however, given that this value is less than the yield limit of the material, it can be said that the structure will not suffer damage due to the green roof additional load .


The Lorentz nature of linear confinement potential of quarkantiquark pair is analyzed in the potential model by using the fine mass splittings of L=1 spin triplets in cc and bb systems. It is found that the linear confinement potential has a mixed nature of the Lorentz scalar and vector (0≤η≤29%η=0 represents the pure Lorentz scalar). For the tentatively measured X(1~1 p_1) and γ(1~1 p_1) meson masses, ir is shown that the pure Lorentz scalar of the linear confinement potential is required to obtain the mass of the former meson, while the mixture of 79% Lorentz scalar and 21% Lorentz vector is required to explain the mass of the latter one.


A major challenge in applying machine learning methods to Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) is to overcome the possible nonstationarity in the data from the dat- ablock the method is trained on and that the method is applied to. Assuming the joint distributions of the whitened signal and the class label to be identical in two blocks, where the whitening is done in each block independently, we propose a simple adaptation formula that is applicable to a broad class of spatial filtering methods including ICA, CSP, and logistic regression classifiers. We characterize the class of linear transformations for which the above assumption holds. Experimental results on 60 BCI datasets show improved classification accuracy compared to (a) fixed spatial filter approach (no adaptation) and (b) fixed spatial pattern approach (proposed by Hill et al., 2006 (1)).


IN THE NAME OF THE ITALIAN POPULATION THE COURT OF APPEALS OF TURIN LABOR SECTION Consisting of: Dr. Rita MANCUSO PRESIDING JUDGE Dr. Caterina BAISI PANEL JUDGE Dr. Silvia CASARINO REPORTING JUDGE delivered the following S E N T E N C E in the labor case registered under no. 721/2017 R.G.L. instituted by: ISTITUTO NAZIONALE PER L'ASSICURAZIONE CONTRO GLI INFORTUNI SUL LAVORO – I.N.A.I.L. (National Institute for Insurance against Labor Accidents) -, located in Rome, at Via IV Novembre no. 144, in the person of the pro-tempore Regional Director of Piedmont, represented and defended by general power of attorney to appear in court, Roman Notary from Chivasso on 08/07/2013 rep no. 55082, Register No. 16699 by Attorneys Loretta Clerico and Elia Pagliarulo, and electively domiciled in Turin at Corso Galileo Ferraris no. 1 at the INAIL Regional Attorney's Office.


The integrated optimization design of trajectory and overall designing parameters for a ramjet powered missile is investigated. First,the mathematical model of overall designing parameters is described and the trajectory optimal control problem is transcribed into a nonlinear programming problem using Gauss pseudo-spectral method. Then,the resulting parameter optimization problem is solved by sequential quadratic programming algorithm. The simulation result demonstrates that the take off mass decreased by 4. 06% does not consider the trajectory optimization for overall designing parameters optimization. Integrated optimization design of trajectory and overall parameters optimization can improve the potential of missile overall. The results can provide theoretical references for ramjet powered missile overall design.


Clinical disease resulting from atherosclerosis continues to cause extensive mortality and morbidity and uses an exorbitant amount of the financial resources available for health care. Atherosclerosis is a complex, multifactorial, and chronic disease influenced by a wide variety of genetic, environmental, and behavioral activities. However, it is at last widely recognized that among the known risk factors, hypercholesterolemia is one of the most important. Recent clinical trials indicate that for most individuals, and certainly for those at high risk, the lower the plasma cholesterol level, the lower the risk for subsequent development of clinical events. The mechanisms by which elevated levels of lipoproteins, chiefly the apoB containing lipoproteins such as LDL, cause an acceleration of atherogenesis are only incompletely understood. Yet there seems to be an emerging body of evidence to support the contention that the atherogenicity of LDL derives in large part from the fact that it becomes modified in one or more ways. In particular, it is widely held that the oxidative modification of LDL is intimately involved in the atherogenic process.1

Indeed, there is now considerable evidence to support the so-called oxidation hypothesis of atherosclerosis. This hypothesis suggests that oxidation of lipids and lipoproteins, such as LDL, is important, if not obligatory for the atherogenic process. This formulation has not only been of great heuristic value in guiding research into the pathophysiology of lesion development, but if correct, the corollary is that inhibition of such lipid peroxidation should ameliorate or even prevent atherosclerosis and its clinical sequelae.2 Although there is preliminary data to support a connection between enhanced lipid peroxidation and hypercholesterolemia, the lack of techniques sufficiently sensitive to reliably provide an index of lipid peroxidation in vivo has hampered efforts to study this relationship, particularly in humans.

The evidence that oxidation of LDL occurs …


We report the first satellite measurement of the ultralow frequency (ULF) wave growth rate in the upstream region of the Earth's bow shock. We employ the two identical ARTEMIS spacecraft orbiting the Moon to characterize crescent‐shaped reflected ion beams and relatively monochromatic ULF waves. The event presented here features spacecraft separation of ∼2.5 Earth radii (0.9 ± 0.1 wavelengths) in the solar wind flow direction along a nearly radial interplanetary magnetic field. The ULF wave growth rate is estimated and found to fall within dispersion solver predictions during the initial growth time. Observed frequencies and wave numbers are also within the predicted range. Other ULF wave properties such as the phase speed, obliquity, and polarization are consistent with expectations from resonant beam instability theory and prior satellite measurements. These results will inform future missions near bow and interplanetary shocks as well as future nonlinear studies related to turbulence and dissipation in the heliosphere.


The goal of the Atwood group is to improve student success in general chemistry at the University of Utah. To accomplish this goal, we created a system of pretests that allows students to practice before the actual exam and analyze their pretest scores to assess their ability prior to taking an actual exam. We developed a method to analyze an individual student's proficiency on the topics that make up a test utilizing Item Response Theory (IRT). This had not been done previously at the individual student level. We used this information to provide students with feedback on where to focus their studies. We hoped that the combination of extra practice, the opportunity for students to check their own progress and detailed feedback would result in improved outcomes on the exams. After implementing this pretest system, equated student abilities on the midterm exams increased significantly compared to the previous year when the pretest system was not in place. The particular effect of the topic feedback was also studied by comparison with a control class but results were inconclusive.


Modern information-seeking systems are becoming more interactive, mainly through asking Clarifying Questions (CQs) to refine users' information needs. System-generated CQs may be of different qualities. However, the impact of asking multiple CQs of different qualities in a search session remains underexplored. Given the multi-turn nature of conversational information-seeking sessions, it is critical to understand and measure the impact of CQs of different qualities, when they are posed in various orders. In this paper, we conduct a user study on CQ quality trajectories, i.e., asking CQs of different qualities in chronological order. We aim to investigate to what extent the trajectory of CQs of different qualities affects user search behavior and satisfaction, on both query-level and session-level. Our user study is conducted with 89 participants as search engine users. Participants are asked to complete a set of Web search tasks. We find that the trajectory of CQs does affect the way users interact with Search Engine Result Pages (SERPs), e.g., a preceding high-quality CQ prompts the depth users to interact with SERPs, while a preceding low-quality CQ prevents such interaction. Our study also demonstrates that asking follow-up high-quality CQs improves the low search performance and user satisfaction caused by earlier low-quality CQs. In addition, only showing high-quality CQs while hiding other CQs receives better gains with less effort. That is, always showing all CQs may be risky and low-quality CQs do disturb users. Based on observations from our user study, we further propose a transformer-based model to predict which CQs to ask, to avoid disturbing users. In short, our study provides insights into the effects of trajectory of asking CQs, and our results will be helpful in designing more effective and enjoyable search clarification systems.


Objective To study the effect of He-Ne laser at lower power on proliperation and differentiation of spinal cord nerve cell.Methods Spinal cord nerve cell of rat embryo were randomly divided into one control group and three experimental groups,the experimental groups were respectively irradiated at different time:3?min (A组),6?min (B组),10?min (C组),each day.After ten days, to count the concentration rate and determine the content of protein and the amount of MDA.Results The concentration rate of group A significantly increased than the contrast group (( P 0 01),but group B and group C significantly decreased than the contrast group ( P 0 01).The protein content of group A and B were obviously increased ( P 0 05),group C obviousy decreased ( P 0 01).Conclusion Spinal cord nerve cell of rat embryo were irradiated,the effect was related with irradiating time. Short time irradiation could stimulate cells proliferation,but long-time irradiatio could inhibit cell proliferation.


Abstract A technique for preparing vermiculites for examination by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) has been developed. A TEM-stable expanded phase can be obtained by intercalating n-alkylammonium ions between the silicate layers of a parent biotite. The vermiculite particles were embedded in Spurr resin and centrifuged to improve orientation. Ultra-thin specimens were prepared using an ultramicrotome, the quality and thickness of the sections being monitored by TEM. Lattice images of biotite, Ba-vermiculite and octylammonium-vermiculite, the latter showing a perpendicular arrangement of the alkyl chains relative to the silicate layers, were obtained with a resolution ∼2 Å. The reliability of these images was confirmed by computer simulation.


Fabrication of TFT‐LCD panels of high resolution and aperture ratio was demonstrated by using a low‐k dielectric film as a passivation layer for the first time. The low‐k dielectric films were successfully deposited and patterned using a conventional PECVD and plasma‐assisted etching techniques, causing no drastic modification to the standard TFT process. Thin film transistors having the a‐Si:C:O:H passivation showed a transfer characteristics similar to that of conventional TFT's. The high transmittance panel showed brightness approximately 30% higher than that of a standard panel without degrading other display characteristics, such as cross‐talk.


2515 Background: HSP70 chaperones both proteins and antigenic peptides. Vaccination with tumor-derived HSP70-peptide complexes elicits anti-tumor immunity in murine models. We have earlier reported that HSP70 vaccines can be effectively produced from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in chronic phase. Moreover, eight weekly injections of 50 μg autologous HSP70 vaccines were associated with no grade II or higher toxicity in any patients and with clinical efficacies in 11 out of 17 patients. In the present study, the immunological responses to this vaccine were studied.

METHODS
All patients in the study had either cytogenetic or molecular evidence of diseases, despite Imatinib Mesylate, prior to the study entry. Peripheral blood was obtained, before the 1st and 5th vaccines, and two weeks after the 8th vaccine. IFNγ-producing effector cells in PBMCs were measured by an ELISPOT assay using a variety of targets, including HLA negative but Bcr/Abl+ K562 cell lines, HSP70-peptide complexes or K562 lysates. A pan-HLA class I specific antibody W6/32 was used to determine if IFNγ production was MHC restricted or not.

RESULTS
The frequency of IFNγ-producing cells in the PBMCs, in response to HSP70-peptide complexes, was increased in nine out of 12 patients analyzed. This activity was significantly blocked by W6/32, indicating that peptides bound to HSP70 can be cross-presented to HLA class I to activate CD8+ T cells. The incomplete blockage by W6/32 indicates that HSP70 can stimulate IFNγ production by other cells, in a peptide-independent manner. Indeed, natural killer (NK) cell activity post vaccinations, as measured against the standard NK target K562, increased markedly in 12 out of 15 patients. We have also confirmed an increased frequency of CML-specific and HLA class I-restricted T cells using K562 cell lysates as targets.

CONCLUSION
The autologous HSP70-based vaccine induces both NK and CML-specific T cell immunity in a majority of patients. The remarkable immunologic activity of HSP70 suggests that it has adjuvant therapeutic values for CML. [Table: see text].


Introduction Since 1975, the United States federal legislation (PL. 94-142) has required that all public schools provide a free appropriate public education (FAPE) and related services to children with special needs. This legislation has been reauthorized in subsequent years with the latest in 2004. The plan for providing these services is referred to as the Individualized Education Program (IEP). This document is the foundation of the student's appropriate education (Gartin & Murdick, 2005). The IEP that serves as an educational roadmap is the result of a team decision-making process which includes the child's parents, the student if appropriate, a representative from the district, an individual who can interpret the testing results, anyone who is knowledgeable about the child including their related services the child might need, and both general and special educators (IDEA, 2004). While IEPs are to act as a product and process in guiding the instruction of children with disabilities, often they are treated as artifacts rather than vital guiding documents that direct instruction (Lee-Tarver, 2006; Yell & Stecker, 2003). The IEP serves as a linchpin of a child's academic program; therefore, teachers are mandated to adhere to the law. Inclusion of children with disabilities in the general curriculum requires active involvement of all members of the child's educational team. All members play a critical and active role in the development and implementation of the IEP. Under the reauthorization of IDEA (2004) the development of a child's IEP is no longer the exclusive responsibility of the special educator and the concentration has shifted to the development of the IEP for the student's success and implementation with the regular classroom (Lee-Tarver, 2006). This is the first time in special education history that legislation dictates general educators' participation in the development of a child's IEP for its implementation within the general education classroom. Yet, according to Bingham, Dillon, and McCaught (2009), most general educators feel "in the dark" about the IEP process. A review of the literature indicated that historically general educators have not been actively involved in the development of the IEP. General educators report they feel less comfortable saying what they think and knowing what to do in the IEP meeting (Martin, Huber Marshall, & Sale, 2004). Martin et. al. (2004) studied 393 secondary students' IEP meetings and 1,638 IEP participants across three years and found that special educators dominated the meetings and spoke more than all other team members. In a survey conducted of all IEP participants, general educators rated themselves the lowest of all team members in three areas: 1) decision making; 2) role during the meeting; and 3) participation in the process. As indicated in the literature, general educators often are not equal contributors in the development of the IEP document. If general educators do not feel that they are competent contributors to the IEP process, then the requirements of IDEA are not being met (Simon, 2006). All team members must be actively engaged in the dialogue that evolves into the written document. In addition to general educators not feeling as active team members, Feidler and Knight (1986) reviewed 106 IEPs and found that mandated components of the IEP documents were incomplete or missing. Smith and Simpson (1989) and Lynch and Beare (1990) also found that mandated components of the IEP are often missing such as the child's present level of performance, assessments to measure and student progress. In addition to the missing components, these researchers also found teachers often do not view the IEP as a guide for instructional planning. It is critical that general education teachers as well as special education teachers have IEPs that are well constructed in order to plan instruction appropriately. Federal legislation such as the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) Act of 2001, holds all teachers, including general education teachers, accountable for the academic progress of all students, including males, females, all ethnicities, economically disadvantaged, limited English proficiency, and students with disabilities. …


Filament winding is a process of loading a high degree of fibers to take advantage of high tensile in the manufacturing of hollow, generally cylindrical products. The process affords the high strength to weight ratio laminates and provides a high degree of control over uniformity and fiber orientation. Filament wound structures can be accurately machined, and the labor factor for filament winding is lower than other open moulding processes. The filament wound composite pipes are fabricated using high-strength fiber and resin matrix by hand lay-up using a 2-axis filament winding machine. In the present work, the lowcost filament winding machine is designed and developed for the fabrication of FRP pipes and cylindrical specimens.


Beijing 2008 Olympic Games promotes the development of sports industry in China.Consciousness on sports has been upgraded by participating in and understanding the Olympic Games and the consumers' increasing demand on stadium and gymnasium brings the investment of national capital and civil capital to construct stadium and gymnasium.However,the problem of production benefit pursuance of stadium and gymnasium objectively and realistically lies ahead while constructing stadium and gymnasium.The paper uses methods of literature,survey,comparative analysis and logical analysis from the aspects of economic benefit and social benefit of stadium and gymnasium respectively to analyze and to reveal the internal relation of those two aspects,and then to propose the important realistic significance of balanced development on social benefit and economic benefit.


Many factors and reasons combine to make children with disabilities loot feelings of frustration, failure and inferiority, and artistic activities for people with disabilities provide many opportunities to do equal work with others, through which they practice formation and formulation of ideas, interact with external stimuli and control their environments, and this helps them enjoy their ability to act and investigate what they may He compensates them for many of their previous experiences, coupled with failure and frustration.
Psychology's use of graphics in general is increasing and expanding, not only in the field of measuring mental abilities, but also in the field of in-depth clinical diagnosis.
Research Methodology, and Type of Study: The research relied on the descriptive analytical approach in presenting and analyzing the theoretical framework related to the study and inductive research in presenting the different concepts that depend primarily on content analysis to realize the shape, symbol, projective value and psychological dimensions in the drawings of mentally handicapped children who are able to learn.
This study aimed: to identify the psychological dimensions in the drawings of mentally handicapped children who are able to learn and their relationship to the dimensions of psychological adaptation, as well as to identify the psychological dimensions according to the gender variable through formal symbolic connotations and the projective value in their drawings. Medical rehabilitation in Fayoum Governorate, Arab Republic of Egypt, to determine psychological dimensions through formal symbolic connotations and projective value in their drawings.
 Assumed results, and summary of results: Psychological dimensions have been identified in the drawings of mentally handicapped children who are able to learn, through the results reached by the researcher. Some have excessive erasure and blurring of shapes, pressure on lines, loss of organization, limited use of colors, drawing unstable oblique shapes, minimizing drawing elements, or exaggerating magnification of some of these elements, and the lack of coherence between the drawn shapes, as their drawings turn into geometric shapes, symbols and exaggerated shapes.
Accordingly, the researcher formulated the problem as follows:
. Is it possible to identify the psychological dimensions in the drawings of mentally handicapped children who are able to learn and their relationship to the dimensions of psychological adaptation?
. Is it possible to benefit from identifying the formal symbolic connotations and the projective value in the drawings of mentally handicapped children who are able to learn and their relationship to the dimensions of psychological adaptation?


The present invention relates to a novel promoter, a vector comprising same, a microorganism comprising the vector, and a method for making a target protein by using the promoter. The promoter obtained by means of the present invention exhibits an increased gene expression rate compared to promoters used in volume protein production from conventional recombinant microorganisms, and thus can advantageously be used in food, pharmaceutical and agricultural industries in which it is desired to produce a functional material in high yield from a microorganism.


The challenge for the Early Childhood Adviser to Play Schoolis to make the theory and philosophy of early childhood accessible, relevant and clearly articulated in the production of children's television. This article explores the means by which this is achieved in the Australian production of Play School. Particular attention is given to perceptual considerations for setting, staging, materials used, selection of camera shots, the use of language and visual and verbal matching in scripting and recording. Special features of Play Schoolinclude the clarification of reality and fantasy through visual and verbal presentation, as well as the child‐presenter interaction.


Conventional detection ways of seed vigor cannot meet currently development demands of automation and efficient breeding because of its subjectivity, high-cost and complicated operations. In the study, a visual detection system of vegetable seed vigor was developed, to calculate the seed vigor index (SVI) through image feature extraction, the aim to explore new method for detecting automatically vegetable seed vigor. The detection system was composed of four platforms including image acquisition, image processing, germination index computing and seed vigor index calculating. Vegetable seeds, cucumber, chilli, tomato, and aubergine were chosen to evaluate the capacity of detection system. Via experimental tests between manual and self-developed SVI system, the latter shown higher recognition accuracy through comparative analysis of four vegetable seeds, as well as deviations were respectively 4.32, 4.90, 5.95 and 3.22% and within acceptable limit. Thus, this work provides a reliable reference and research foundation for streamline detection of vegetable seed quality. © 2016 Friends Science Publishers


This letter presents a technique to segment the character number region from the self-lighting in the night.From the histograms of R,G and B images,the image of the parts of lights are eliminated and another image derived from the Gauss-Laplacian operation and binarization operation of the G image are processed by Logic operation of AND, then characters are extracted.Our examinations conclude that it is a effective way to segment the character region on number and satisfactory results are obtained. キー ワ ー ド:画 像 処理 、領 域 分 割 、Gauss-Lap1acian演 算 、 明度 ヒス トグ ラム 、 フ ィル タ リング 処 理


Background: Periorbital dermatitis is common and may be a manifestation of either allergic or non-allergic diseases. Objectives: In this study, we investigated the role of type 1 and type 4 hypersensivity as etiologic factors on periorbital dermatitis and we explored whether the prognosis was associated with the etiology. Methods: Data of sixty patients who had referred with eyelid dermatitis and had undergone patch testing between January 2014 and January 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Patients have been diagnosed as Allergic Contact Dermatitis (ACD) (28,3%), Irritant Contact Dermatitis (ICD) (51,6%), atopic dermatitis (8,3%), Seborrheic Dermatitis (8,3%), Periocular Rosacea (3,3%), and Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE) (1,6%). Atopy history was present in 21,7% of patients. Positive prick test reactions were found in 9 patients (15%). The most prevalent allergens were house dust mites, grass mix, and cat dander. Patch test positivity for at least one allergen was found in 27 patients (45%). The most common clinically relevant allergens were detected as isothiazolinone (methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone), thiomersal, formaldehyde, p-phenylenediamine and dispers blue. Conclusion: Physicians should take into account the patients' use of cosmetics and hygiene products as well as atopy history and should perform a general skin examination not to miss other dermatological conditions that may present as periorbital dermatitis. at Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital between January 2014 and January 2017. All patients' important demographic and clinical information's like age, sex, profession, presence or history of atopy (atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and asthma), duration of complaints, localization, the results of prick and patch tests and diagnosis had been recorded. Patch tests with standard series were performed with all the patients. After 48 hours, the patches were removed and assessed and readings were repeated 96 hours after tests began. For all the positive test results, the clinical relevance was investigated regarding the association between exposure and dermatitis. Prick tests included inhalant and food allergen panel and latex. Histamine was used as a positive control and saline was used as a negative control. The skin was evaluated after 20 min, and any wheal ≥3mm than the negative control was considered to indicate positivity. For the long term follow up, the patients were given a telephone call visit and evaluated for the regression of symptoms. Statistical analyses were performed with IBM SPSS version 22. Non parametric tests were used for the analysis of data, and the chi-square test and fisher exact test were used for the comparison of the data. A p-value <0,05 was considered to be statistically significant. period from January 2014 2017,


The present invention relates to a system (5) and method (200, 250) for performing a protocol driven ultrasound to produce an image of the moving Cadiz Ill (cardiac) in the heart structures and blood. It includes an end (front-end) (20) and the at least one processor (30, 40, 50) is the front one embodiment. The front-end portion 20 is arranged in response to the ultrasound backscatter from the transmission to the cardigan structure Ill, and moving the ultrasound and blood, and the blood moving Cadiz evil structure to generate a received signal. At least one processor (30, 40, 50), in response to the received signal, prior to at least one at least obtain a single image of the determined sequence and the predefined protocol, and at least one of a predetermined view, and irradiated (study) selects at least one of the acquired images taken along.


Introduction In 1983, DRGs became the price-setting system for the Medicare program in the United States. Why did the United States choose DRGs? The idea of setting 518 diagnostic payment rates for 4,800 hospitals seemed unimaginably complicated, too technical and an exercise in formula-driven cost control to some observers – an ambitious endeavor unlikely to succeed. Nevertheless, since its inception, the DRG system has been called the single most significant post-war innovation in medical financing in the history of the United States (Mayes 2006), and may be the most influential health care management research project ever developed. As the chapters in this volume attest, worldwide adoption of DRGs followed in the wake of this American experiment. Other competing patient classification systems could have been selected (Pettingill and Vertrees 1982). The range of policy options included flat rates per discharge, capitation, expenditure caps, negotiated rates, and competitive bidding (Smith 1992). Although researchers continue to experiment with alternative patient classification systems, a critical mass has formed around DRGs as the dominant design for measuring a hospital's casemix. A dominant policy design not only obtains legitimacy from the relevant community, future innovations must adhere to its basic features (Utterback 1996). A dominant design does not have to outperform other innovations; it merely has to balance the stakeholder interests. Though the control of rising health costs is a major policy issue, American hospitals had come to expect "pass-throughs, bail-outs, and hold-harmless clauses" from the political system (Smith 1992, p 44).


A rescue robot is required to e uneven surfaces. However, a high performa terrain sometimes causes inefficiency in rapidly surfaces such as paved areas. To provide a m able to be used in different terrains witho structure, we propose a specialized shape for that is able to run like a normal wheeled vehicl over a wide variety of terrains such as rugg changing the shape of the wheel. The wheel circular cutouts. In a wheeled car mode, th synchronized so as to form a tripod gait, in wh supported at least three wheel points. In environment, the cutouts of the wheels function to pull the vehicle up to the obstacles. experiments by a small model of the vehicle, it proposed wheel has these abilities, along with h moving on a muddy or sandy surfaces. Keywords— Wheel, Rough Terrain, Mobile


Abstract Background: Thyrotoxicosis is not incorporated into any of the atrial fibrillation (AF) CVA risk stratification methods, including CHADS2VASc, as neither the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association nor the American College of Chest Physicians view it as an independent risk factor of CVA. However, the literature has reported numerous cases of patients with thyrotoxic AF and low CHADS2VASc scores who developed CVA. It is unclear which patients with thyrotoxic AF would benefit from prophylactic anticoagulation (AC). Clinical Case: A 50-year-old male without past medical history presented for palpitations. He was found to be in AF with rapid ventricular rate. Labs revealed thyrotoxicosis (TSH <0.010 [RR 0.34-5.6 μIU/mL], FT4 3.57 [RR 0.61-1.64 ng/dL], FT3 5.26 [RR 2.5-4.5 pg/mL], and TSI negative). He was started on methimazole but no AC, as his CHADS2VASc score was 0. A few hours after admission, he developed a right-sided facial droop and weakness & aphasia. CT head showed acute left MCA infarct. CTA head/neck revealed occlusive embolus in the distal left M1 segment. He underwent IR-guided embolectomy and received intra-arterial tPA. Echocardiogram did not show thrombi or atrial level shunt but showed right atrial dilation. After extensive work-up, etiology of CVA was determined most likely a cardioembolic source due to thyrotoxic AF. Patient was treated with PTU and steroids initially for two days due to recent contrast exposure (CTA and embolectomy) and poor neurologic status, in order to obtain the added benefit of decreased T4 to T3 peripheral conversion. Patient was started on AC two weeks after his CVA (given initial risk of hemorrhagic conversion due to large CVA burden), at which time his weakness and aphasia were slowly improving, but he remained with significant neurologic deficits. Discussion: The current thought that thyrotoxicosis is not an independent risk factor of CVA in patients with AF has led to recommendations against prophylactic AC for this specific group. Although recent research has suggested that patients with thyrotoxic AF are at a lower risk of CVA than patients with non-thyrotoxic AF, there have still been many reported cases of CVA in patients who have thyrotoxic AF but no other risk factors for CVA. This discrepancy in association between thyrotoxic AF and CVA needs to be clarified. Conclusion: This case of a middle-aged man with thyrotoxic AF who developed a debilitating CVA after being treated according to his CHADS2VASC score of 0 (he was not given prophylactic AC) mirrors multiple cases in the literature. It highlights the potential benefit of examining thyrotoxic patients with AF more closely in order to more effectively risk stratify them for CVA or further exploring the relationship between thyrotoxicosis and CVA. This may help to identify more patients who could benefit from AC and thus prevent devastating consequences of CVA.


*† ‡ § Various morphologies of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are grown catalytically on metal alloy probes and metal-oxide materials in counterflow diffusion flames using methane as fuel. It is found that multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) are grown from metal-alloy probes while both MWNTs and single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are obtained from the metal-oxide materials. CNT growth and morphologies are investigated as functions of local gas-phase temperatures, C-related species concentrations (e.g. C2H2, CO), sampling positions, C2H2 adding to the fuel, and probe compositions. CNTs grow optimally in non-sooty regions of the flames. C2H2 addition is found to promote direct synthesis of vertically well-aligned MWNTs with uniform diameters from Ni/Cr/Fe.


Many modern control, automation, signal processing and machine learning applications rely on solving a sequence of optimization problems, which are updated with measurements of a real system that evolves in time. The solutions of each of these optimization problems are then used to make decisions, which may be followed by changing some parameters of the physical system, thereby resulting in a feedback loop between the computing and the physical system. Real-time optimization is not the same as `fast' optimization, due to the fact that the computation is affected by an uncertain system that evolves in time. The suitability of a design should therefore not be judged from the optimality of a single optimization problem, but based on the evolution of the entire cyber-physical system. The algorithms and hardware used for solving a single optimization problem in the office might therefore be far from ideal when solving a sequence of real-time optimization problems. Instead of there being a single, optimal design, one has to trade-off a number of objectives, including performance, robustness, energy usage, size and cost. We therefore provide here a tutorial introduction to some of the questions and implementation issues that arise in real-time optimization applications. We will concentrate on some of the decisions that have to be made when designing the computing architecture and algorithm and argue that the choice of one informs the other.


Myanmar Medical Association (MMA) was established in 1949. It is the leading professional organization of Myanmar doctors with life-long members of more than 11,000 and pro-members of nearly 2,000. All registered medical doctors can be members of MMA either working in the government sector or private sector. There are 38 specialty societies and special interest groups under the umbrella of MMA and over 90 branches in States/Divisions, Districts and townships in different parts of the country. The head quarter is located in Yangon. Myanmar Medical Association became member of MASEAN since 1997, CMAAO since 2009 and WMA since 2012.