In this study, we analyse the characteristics of stellar populations and the interstellar medium (ISM) in 15, 107 early-type central galaxies from the SPIDER survey. Using optical spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), we investigate stellar age (Age), metallicity (Z), visual extinction (AV), and Hα equivalent width (EWHα) to understand the evolution of the baryonic content in these galaxies. Our analysis explores the relationship between these properties and central velocity dispersion (σ) and halo mass (Mhalo) for isolated centrals (ICs) and group centrals (GCs). Our results confirm that both ICs and GCs' stellar populations and gas properties are mainly influenced by σ, with Mhalo playing a secondary role. Higher σ values correspond to older, more metal-rich stellar populations in both ICs and GCs. Moreover, fixed σ values we observe younger Ages at higher values of Mhalo, a consistent trend in both ICs and GCs. Furthermore, we investigate the ionisation source of the warm gas and propose a scenario where the properties of ionised gas are shaped by a combination of cooling within the intra-cluster medium (ICM) and feedback from Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) assuming a Bondi accretion regime. We observe inherent differences between ICs and GCs, suggesting that the ratio between AGN kinetic power and ICM thermal energy influences EWHα in ICs. Meanwhile, gas deposition in GCs appears to involve a more complex interplay beyond a singular AGN-ICM interaction.


Abstract
Purpose – The chapter reports on a national indigenous games research project and follows the socio-political construction of indigenous games as a sporting code and the post-colonial identity dynamics within South Africa.

Design/methodology/approach – Researchers from 11 tertiary institutions in South Africa collaborated to capture 536 'indigenous' game and sporting activities from 170 communities. An inductive research approach informed an emic typology, with further analysis of the 20 most popular indigenous games (and their variations). This analysis demonstrated hegemonic gender and ethnic layering within the context of participation, as well as in the broader South African society. The institutionalisation of selected indigenous games by Sport and Recreation South Africa and the implementation thereof in the Siyadlala programme (community-based mass participation programme), afforded widespread participation to meet a human rights framework.

Findings – In accordance to the strategic outcomes of the national department, this initiative provided access to sport and recreation, especially for the previously 'disadvantaged' communities who experienced high levels of exclusion during the Apartheid years (1948–1994). This politically informed intervention followed a political agenda of national identity association in celebrating the African heritage and 'unity through diversity'. Standardisation of rules and the re-invention of some games for local, national and international festivals along the line of competitive sport offered contradicting messages and practices.

Originality/value – The underlying discourses of post-colonial resistance, national identity formation and socio-political agendas are interrogated.


Reply: We thank Dr. Hu and colleagues for their interest in our international multicenter propensity score-matched study focusing on outcomes of elective and emergency conversion in minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy (MIDP) for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Dr. Hu and co-workers suggested to exclude the robotic distal pancreatectomies (RDP) from our study as RDP may have a lower conversion rate compared to laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP). The authors agree that RDP may provide advantages in terms of improved rates of conversion and spleen-preservation. Also in our study, the rate of conversion was indeed lower with RDP (4.5% vs 20.7%) as compared to LDP. However, the referenced studies did not account for the learning curve of MIDP. Potentially, all RDP procedures were performed after obtaining the initial experience in the minimally invasive approach by LDP. It has been suggested that conversion rates decrease after performing a minimum of 15 MIDPs. In our study, a direct comparison between both approaches was not reliable, due to the low number of robotic procedures. Moreover, the referenced studies included all tumor types, while our study concerned MIDP for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) only. A direct comparison between these studies is therefore not useful. A recent large series using National Cancer Database data included 332 RDPs specific for PDAC and found a conversion rate with RDP of 12%. The currently ongoing DIPLOMA trial (www.isrctn.com/ ISRCTN44897265) on MIDP versus ODP


Objective To explore the surgical treatment of left colorectal cancer complicated with acute intestinal obstruction.Methods Retrospectively analyzing the clinical data of 32 cases of left colon obstruction who were treated surgically in our hospital from January 2003 to July 2008.Results Surgical stage Ⅰ,22 cases,surgical stage Ⅱ,8 cases,a permanent colostomy in 2 cases;24 cases of adenocarcinoma,mucinous carcinoma in 3 cases,5 cases of undifferentiated carcinoma;two cases of postoperative wound infection,anastomotic leakage one case,death one case,the rest were cured,with the cure rate of 96.9%.Conclusion Awareness of bowel obstruction caused by colon cancer,a reasonable choice of surgery tiom and surgical approach may be important measures to improve the efficacy.


This report summarizes the work performed by the Advanced Optical Counter Measures (AOCM) program from January 1992 to February 1993, funded by the US DOD and administered by the US Army`s Night Vision and Electro-optics Directorate (NVEOD). The AOCM program objective was the development of an advanced anti-sensor weapon system, the Basilisk laser. Basilisk is a high power, white light laser. Its compact size permits deployment on a variety of platforms, including the Bradley Fighting vehicle, where Basilisk would augment the Bradley`s conventional weapon systems. The effectiveness of Basilisk was recently demonstrated in a series of battlefield simulations, CTAS 2.5, where its Mission Defeat Score was eight times higher than lower energy anti-sensor laser systems. In November 1991, a five phase strategy was proposed to develop the Basilisk white light laser system. This report documents the experimental activities performed by the AOCM program and describes several major experimental milestones we achieved during the first year of funding. The focus of this report is on a series of subscale experiments to demonstrate key laser physics and engineering technologies.


The communication examines in general terms the international isolation process of Spain during the regime of General Franco, and its consequences on the following Spanish approach to Europe. It includes the period between the Potsdam Conference (1945) and the Spanish application to enter the European Communities (1977). It describes the Spanish exclusion from the United Nations and other European and International Organizations, such as the European Communities and EFTA. It examines the terms of the letter addressed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Mr. Fernando Castiella (1962), to the European Communities, trying to reach an approach between Spain and Europe. It refers to the opportunity and signature of the Preferential Agreement between Spain and the European Communities in 1970, and the serious political incidents that once again separated Spain from Europe during the last years of General Franco's Government (1970-1975).


Horseshoe bats (family Rhinolophidae) and the related Old World round-leaf nosed bats (Hipposideridae) have conspicuous emission baffles ("noseleaves") that not only have a high degree of geometric complexity but can also change their shapes under active muscular actuation during emission of the biosonar pulses. Our work has shown that these shape changes occur in tight synchrony with pulse emission and are large enough to affect the acoustic diffraction process. Furthermore, our experiments with bats positioned on an experimental platform have shown that these noseleaf motions impart dynamic signatures onto the emitted ultrasonic wave packets. We also have collected pilot data from flying bats executing natural maneuvers that indicate geometric complexity as well as time-variance in the beampatterns based on a comparison with a loudspeaker that was placed in the same position as the bat to serve as a static reference. An information-theoretic analysis has shown that this emitter dynamics results in the e...


This paper explores four concepts to point a way out of the political morass in which we find ourselves at the middle of the second decade of the 21st century: 1) The "rectification of names", a concept of Confucius that should have the highest priority in such a situation as now prevails in the United States; 2) Carl Schmitt's concept of "the political"; 3) A new reading of James Madison's Federalist Paper No. 51 that envisions "creating a will in the community independent of the majority, that is of society itself"; 4) And Jurgen Habermas's "communicative action theory", which would serve to engender genuinely democratic discourse in our political system, combined with a critique by former US Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens of corporate influence in our politics, which together represent a significant step toward finally achieving the Confucian ideal. Finally, this paper offers a mechanism and an institution for realizing the goal that the new Madison reading suggests, something that is consistent with the best values of our nation most grandly conceived, and a social media method—afforded by movements such as the Arab Spring and the Occupy Wall Street Movement—for triggering that mechanism and resulting institution, one that is analogous to the Han dynasty's development of the Shuo Wen Dictionary, and one that would function in a way similar to that envisioned by Han dynasty thinkers.


In the thesis, self-propelled systems under non-equilibrium conditions are studied. Especially we focus on the regular motion of a droplet induced by interfacial instability and the mode bifurcation of motion. When chemical concentration and/or temperature distribution at a fluid interface are inhomogeneous, the interface becomes unstable because the spatial gradient of interfacial tension is induced. This phenomenon is well known as Marangoni effect, and such agitated surface causes a flow called Marangoni convection. This convection and/or the interfacial tension gradient are expected to generate the motion of an object, such as an air bubble, a liquid droplet, or a solid particle. In such systems, choosing a suitable boundary condition, e.g., introducing internal or external asymmetry to the system, permits the object to undergo a regular motion with a specific mode according to the given asymmetry. Besides, the regular motion of a droplet can be caused in association with spontaneous symmetry breaking of the droplet shape. Here, in this thesis, experiments on self-propelled systems with a local energy source were carried out in order to investigate mode bifurcations between different types of regular motions. First topic of this thesis is the self-propelled motion of a solid/liquid composite induced by the solutal Marangoni effect (Fig. 1(a)). When an oil droplet of oleic acid attached to a solid column of sodium oleate is placed on a water phase, a local gradient of surfactant concentration is generated by diffusion of oleate molecules, and hence the motion of the composite is induced. The composite exhibits a certain mode of regular motion, such as spinning, translational, or orbital motion, depending on the size of the solid. It is found that when the solid is much larger or smaller than the droplet, the spontaneous breaking of left-right symmetry occurs and results in rotational motion of the composite. This mode bifurcation is qualitatively reproduced by using ordinary differential equations by taking into account the scheme of spontaneous symmetry breaking. Second topic is mode bifurcation of the laser-induced motion of a droplet, as shown schematically in Fig. 1(b). In the experiment, an oil droplet floating on a water surface is heated locally by irradiation of a laser. Under suitable laser power, the droplet is driven by the thermal Marangoni effect due to the local temperature gradient and exhibits regular periodic motion around the laser spot. As the laser power increases, the mode of the droplet motion bifurcates from rectilinear reciprocal motion to circular motion. The result shows that Marangoni flow inside the droplet becomes spontaneously asymmetric at high laser power, i.e., high energy flux rate. The essential aspects of this mode bifurcation can be described by a simplified mechanical model with the time-delayed function which reflects the effect of Marangoni convection.


In the present investigation InGaAs QW is grown by using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) technique. The composition of Indium in the present investigation is 18%. The structural characterization is done by using High Resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) method. In the present study we have used temperature dependent photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy to study the optical characterization. It is found that the intensity and the bandgap decrease with increase in temperature. The elastic constants were determined by the Varshni's equation.


This shapefile contains polylines that describe isopachs of the Upper Campanian through Paleocene Ghory formation in northern Afghanistan. The Ghory formation is a reservoir rock unit of the Paleogene suprasalt petroleum systems of the Afghan-Tajik and Amu Darya basins


The enumeration approaches are important topics in network reliability calculation. For general purposes, the explicit enumeration (EE) is the popular method to apply. However, the low-cost feature...


In Uganda, Luganda is the most spoken native language. It is used for communication in informal as well as formal business transactions. The development of technology startups globally related to TTS has mainly been with languages like English, French, etc. These are added in TTS engines by Google, Microsoft among others, allowing developers in these regions to innovate TTS products. Luganda is not supported because the language is not built and trained on these engines. In this study, we analyzed the Luganda language structure and constructions and then proposed and developed a Luganda TTS. The system was built and trained using locally sourced Luganda language text and audio. The engine is now able to capture text and reads it aloud. We tested the accuracy using MRT and MOS. MRT and MOS tests results are quite good with MRT having better results. The results general score was 71%. This study will enhance previous solutions to NLP gaps in Uganda, as well as provide raw data such that other research in this area can take place.


Harmonic amplification is one of the primary issues in power
system networks. The objective of this study is to manage the harmonic event and its significant effects
on power quality. A new control approach that uses Artificial Intelligence (AI) is proposed and
applied to a Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (DSTATCOM). DSTATCOM is a
FACTS device that can achieve highly effective reactive power compensation to reduce and/or damp
the harmonic amplification in power system networks.

Simulation results are obtained using the MATLAB/Simulink package. The
validity and effectiveness of using the AI approach are proven based on the DSTATCOM FACTs
device with linear and nonlinear loads. Analysis results are discussed.


The formulation condition of national standard GB/T 26918-2011 "Coal preparation plant-Test methods for degradation in water of raw coal feed in drum" was introduced.The necessity and significance of the standard formulation was discussed,and the main contents about this standard was elaborated in this paper too.


As most of the phosphorus (P) reservoirs are located only in few countries, it is important to find different sources to guarantee national food security. Nitrogen (N) recovery, on the other hand, is interesting in energy saving point of view as production of nitrogen fertilizers by Haber-Bosch synthesis is very energy intensive. Wastewaters contain much P and N and are locally produced so they are very interesting source for nutrient recovery. They also contain organic carbon, that could be captured and utilized in soil conditioning instead of emitting it into the atmosphere as CO2. However, the heavy metals, pathogens and organic contaminants in wastewater treatment sludge are affecting its use in agriculture and soil conditioning. Since 2014, Helsinki region environmental services authority (HSY) has developed a nutrient recovery process called RAVITA. The process enables P recovery directly from as phosphoric acid. The process can be divided into two steps. First, P is removed from wastewater by effective post-precipitation and chemical sludge with high P content is produced. In the second step, P is recovered from the chemical sludge by dissolution and solvent-solvent extraction processes. Besides P recovery, the process enables precipitation chemical recovery. In addition, the process can be combined with N recovery from reject waters. Hence, the resulting end product is ammonium phosphate which is suitable as such for NP fertilizers. The recovered phosphoric acid is a valuable and multipurpose chemical for various industrial fields besides fertiliser industry. (Rossi et al., 2018). Wastewater sludge processing has been studied at HSY since 2016. Pyrolysis was chosen as the most interesting technology in 2017 and is currently studied in more detail in a joint research project with the Natural Resource Institute Finland and Gasum Ltd, a biogas company operating in the Nordic countries. Pyrolysis is seen as a possible solution for eliminating organic pollutants. It produces energy while preserving some of the carbon and nutrients in the sludge, thus acting as a carbon sink and being a better solution compared to sludge incineration. This paper present results from the analysis of organic contaminants in the end products of the combined process shown in detail in Figure 1.


ABSTRACT The argument in this paper is a continuation of an argument that I have been making for some time, which questions the universal history of capital, crucial to which are assumptions regarding its historical necessity. Capital is not only understood to be a historically unavoidable condition but one that has already colonized the world such that there is no outside to it. In developing my argument regarding the "outside" to capital, where I find Kalyan Sanyal's work very useful and significant, I claim that much of the problem with theorizing capital today has to do not with the beast itself but with the inherited paraphernalia of western theory and philosophy. After a survey of the passive revolution debate in India, which I read as a sign of the actual impossibility of "capitalist" development across different parts of the world, I move on to argue that both "capital/ism" and the "logic of capital" (accumulation) are misleading concepts concealing an essential "emptiness," which I work out through the idea of "dependent arising" taken from Buddhist philosophy.


Optical properties of several synthesized complexes formed by self-assembly of pyrrol-2-yl-methyleneamines with zinc (II) ions are reported. Using a nanosecond optical parametric oscillator as the laser source, strong broadband optical power limiting performances based on two-photon absorption (TPA) have been observed in the visible region, where these materials exhibit large two-photon absorption (TPA) cross sections from 10−18to10−16cm4∕GW in chloroform solution.


: Introduction to the industry`s market and competitive structure. Includes the technical skills to develop a competitive
strategy for entry into the business segment. Covers the market potential evaluation, niche identification, analysis of competition, A. Development
   B. Customers
      1. Types
      2. Buyer Behavior
   C. Research Methods
      1. Primary vs. Secondary
   D. Market Plan Research


The carbon fiber-reinforced Polylactide (C/PLA) was prepared for bone fracture fixation, and the carbon fiber was treated by surface soakage with concentrated nitric acid. The mechanical performances of C/PLA composite were measured and the changes of functional groups were analyzed by XPS. The results indicated that a certain esterification occurred on the interface between carbon fiber and PLA matrix, which was the essential reason of the improvement of interfacial bonding strength.


The invention relates to a method for quickly calibrating multi-level forwarding load balance of a multi-level forwarding network and a multi-level forwarding network system based on the method. Except the forwarding node of the last level, each forwarding node of each level monitors the load state of each forwarding node of the next level, determines the forwarding priority according to the load weight of the forwarding node of the next level, and preferentially forwards the data which needs to be forwarded to the forwarding node with the lightest load of the next level; if high-priority forwarding fails, the secondary-priority forwarding nodes are sequentially selected to forward the data; the forwarding nodes sending the data form a forwarding source node; and the nodes receiving the data form a forwarding destination node. Through the method and system provided by the invention, the load balance among the forwarding nodes as well as the detection and processing on the link and network system conditions are realized so that the resource utilization of the entire network system is optimized; and the core algorithm of the method can also be used for performing load balance at a server end.


Security attacks are changing their target from the network to the application, where an estimated 75% of attacks take place according to Gartner[1]. Increased pressure from customers and government regulations like HIPAA and Sarbanes-Oxley are pushing businesses to address security issues in software development. While all developers do not need to be security experts, they do need a certain level of security awareness. To achieve this goal, students need to be made aware of security issues when developing any large project in class.


OF THE DISCLOSURE An adhesive composition characterized by its ability to rapidly set at ambient or elevated temperatures and capa ble of yielding dry films which exhibit optimum water re sistance and high strength; said composition comprising a mixture of a stabilized aqueous vinyl acetate polymer emulsion, a B-stage phenolic resin and, as an optional ingredient, an acidic, metal salt curing agent. This invention relates to the preparation of novel, water resistant, rapid setting adhesive compositions and to the adhesives thus prepared. It is the object of this invention to provide stable, poly vinyl acetate aqueous emulsion compositions capable of yielding adhesive bonds which exhibit optimum water resistance and high strength. A further object of this invention involves the preparation of adhesives which are characterized by their ability to rapidly set at ambient or elevated temperatures and which are, thus, suitable for diverse applications. Other objects will become apparent to the practitioner from the following detailed description. As is well known in the art, modern adhesives are prepared from a wide variety of synthetic organic poly mers, many of which are often blended so as to provide adhesive compositions displaying specific properties de sired by the practitioner. Most adhesives are ordinarily classified as being either thermoplastic or thermosetting. Thus, thermosetting adhesives are formulated with resins which, by means of a chemical reaction, solidify or set on heating and cannot be softened by further heating. Thermoplastic adhesives, on the other hand, are made with resins which may be softened by heat, and thereupon regain their original properties upon cooling. Aqueous emulsions of polyvinyl acetate are widely used as adhesives. Often such emulsions can be used with little, if any, modification. Usually, however, it is necessary to alter either their physical properties and/or their applica tion characteristics. Thus, various modifiers may be in cluded in order to increase viscosity and setting speeds, to improve machinability and remoistenability, to provide colorless glue lines, etc. Despite this potential for im provement, the adhesive bonds derived from conventional polyvinyl acetate emulsions are still inherently poor with respect to their water resistance. Thus, this property, which is required in adhesive bonds which are to be exposed to moisture in ordinary usage or which may be exposed to the excessive moisture and varying temperature condi tions encountered during outdoor exposure, has been gen erally inadequate in the polyvinyl acetate emulsion adhe sives heretofore available. It is known that A-stage phenolic resins may be added to various polyvinyl acetate emulsions in order to impart improved water resistance. These A-stage phenolics are intermediates in phenol-formaldehyde condensation reac tions. Thus, when such condensation reactions are con ducted in the presence of alkaline catalysts, phenol alco hols are initially formed which are capable of polymeriz ing into high molecular weight molecules containing an appreciable number of methylol groups; each methylol O


Acanthopleura gemmata has been interpreted as a complex of species. Samples identified as A. gemmata were found on the coast of Thailand. The morphology and anatomy of this population are herein described. Amongst several interesting characters, the most important are the holobranchial and adanal ctenidia, a very delicate kidney restricted to the posterior half of the animal, and a simple esophagus. The odontophore, with a single pair of cartilaginous projections, has a peculiar musculature. Key-Words: Acanthopleurinae, chiton, Gulf of Thailand, morphology.


Objective
To study the mRNA expression of Toll like receptor (TLR) signaling molecule in peripheral blood of patients with chronic urticaria.

Methods
The patients who were diagnosed with autoimmune chronic urticaria (AIU) during June 2014 - March 2018 were selected as the AIU group, and the healthy persons receiving medical examination in the same period were selected as the control group. The venous blood was collected to detect the mRNA expression of TLRs, TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 and the contents of Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cytokines.

Results
The mRNA expression of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 in the peripheral blood and the content of interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-5 (IL-5), interleukin-17 (IL-17), interleukin-10 (IL-10), transforming growth factor -β1 (TGF-β1), and interleukin-35 (IL-35) in AIU group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P=0.000), while the content of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) in AIU group 0were significantly lower than those in the control group (P=0.000). The mRNA expression of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 were positively correlated with the serum contents of IL-4, IL-5, IL-17, IL-10, TGF-β1, IL-35 and negatively correlated with the serum contents of IFN-γ, IL-2.

Conclusions
The high mRNA expression of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 in peripheral blood of AIU patients can cause disorder of Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg immune response in the course of disease.

Key words:
Urticaria; Toll-like receptors; CD4-positive T-lymphocytes


The present research by the use of discrete choice model (CM) has analysed the willingness to pay for satellite based of irrigation advisory services in an area of Italy characterized of intensive use of water for irrigation. One original aspect of this study concerns the case study where our work has been implemented. In fact, several studies that used CM have been implemented in agricultural areas and considered water resources management, but we do not fund studies concerning the irrigation advisory service (IAS), specially characterized by a i) highly innovative and technological value offering by the use of Earth Observation (EO) techniques for water saving. The innovative approach of this work was to understand and learn about the different expectations of farmers than consulting services to irrigation in an area of Italy where such services have achieved levels of excellence.
The study was carried out in the Campania region in area of Italy covered by IAS called IRRISAT.
In 2013, the service has provided support for three Irrigation and Land Reclamation Consortia (ILRC), with 669 farmers and extension of 55.03,57 hectares. Based on these considerations, the specific aims of this work has been i) to analyse the importance of technological innovation in the agricultural water management ii) to define throughout the use of choice experiment (CE) the preferences of the farmers regarding the main characteristic, attributes, of the IRRISAT, iii) to analyse marginal willingness to pay for this service.
The main results of the research have confirmed that water is a primary asset for farms and the most important factor for agricultural production. Therefore, there is a clear need for greater use of tools and methodologies to account for water use in irrigation practice. The results have shown the general appreciation for IRRISAT and their willingness to pay for this service.


The invention relates to a method and a device for correcting an error, caused by electromagnetic interference, in a signal of an inductive range or tilt sensor. According to the invention, during a known activation of at least one component that produces electromagnetic interference, resulting in a known error in the sensor signal of the inductive range or tilt sensor, the measured sensor signalis corrected by an error correction value.


This contribution contextualizes the relationship between fragility and education in the light of people's changing conditions and perspectives, and their impact on educational processes, focusing in particular on the consequences of the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. By doing so, it introduces this focus, illustrates its coherence, and explains the basic methodological choice, namely the adoption of the Systematic Review, to explore different aspects of the relationship between fragility and education.


Method and system for managing a pairing of a first communicating device communicating with a second device, the first communicating device and the second communicating device comprising communication means configured and adapted so as to make said communication means for emitting and receive radio frequency energy and processing means configured and adapted signals so as to make said processing means for processing radio frequency signals.


Sixteen 2-keto-3-(substituted aryl)-1-thiazolidin-4-ones synthesized by cyclocondensation of ketoazomethine products of five glyoxals with primary amines have been tested for toxicity ; nine products were tested for analgesic activity and eight for anticonvulsant activity. Four non-toxic new products exhibited higher analgesic activity than reference drug morphine whereas only two compounds with high LD50 values found much better in anticonvulsant action than phenytoin used as reference.


The purpose of this paper is to provide a general overview of the current status of the 1980 Census content error evaluation program. For this purpose, "content error" is defined as an error of observation or objective measurement, of recording, of imputation or other processing which results in associating a wrong value of the characteristic with a specified population element a housing unit or person in our case. Errors due to undercoverage of the population or housing units are excluded.


A CAS latency circuit and a semiconductor memory device having the same are provided to generate a stable CAS latency signal in a high speed semiconductor memory device, regardless of the variation of PVT(Process, Voltage, Temperature) or using an external clock with high frequency. An internal read command signal generation part(110) generates an internal read command signal(PREAD) in response to a read command. A latency clock signal generation part(120) generates a plurality of latency clock signals. A latency signal generation part(130) receives the internal read command signal and the latency control clocks, and generates a latency signal by shifting the internal read command signal. The latency control clock generation part generates at least one first latency control clock having a constant margin to the internal read command signal by using a PREAD replica.


Abstract Central estrogen signaling in the medial basal hypothalamus (MBH) coordinates energy expenditure, food intake, and reproduction, as well as skeletal homeostasis. Prior work from our lab found that estrogen signaling via Estrogen Receptor alpha (ERa) in the arcuate (ARC) nucleus normally restrains bone formation in female mice only. We asked if the high bone mass in the Esr1Nkx2-1Cre mouse model, which ablates ERa in the MBH, is maintained or deteriorates with chronic overnutrition, as this is known to increase bone frailty in humans. To carry out this study, Esr1Nkx2-1Cre mutant female mice were fed HFD (Research Diets, D12492, 60% fat) or chow (SCD, 5058; LabDiet, 4% fat) for 17 weeks beginning at 10 weeks of age and housed at 22C. Although neither cohort gained significant weight on HFD nor exhibited marked changes in other metabolic parameters (%fat, GTT, ITT, etc.), this dietary challenge reversed and normalized the high bone mass in mutant females. Specifically, the ratio of BV/TV in the distal femur decreased dramatically from 36% to 6%, as measured by 3D-microcomputed tomography (micro-CT); cortical bone also decreased similarly. For comparison, control females fed HFD showed a non-significant decrease in bone mass (4.9% to 3.9% BV/TV). Unexpectedly, the large drop in bone mass in Ers1Nkx2-1Cre females fed HFD was uncoupled from an increase in bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT). In contrast, control cohorts showed a marked 9-fold increase in BMAT following HFD. Thus, the high bone mass in mutant Ers1Nkx2-1Cre females, which persists in aged and estrogen-depleted females, quickly disintegrates with a dietary challenge. Recent RNA-Seq data from microdissected ARC tissue reveals several secreted factors that are dramatically elevated in mutant females but drop 10-20-fold after HFD. Current studies are underway to ask if these candidate factors from the ARC impact bone mass or the osteogenic capacity of skeletal stem cells. Our findings are in stark contrast to the notion that dietary excess reduces bone health by increasing bone fat at the expense of osteogenesis. Instead, based on our model, we posit that dietary excess directly determines dynamic bone remodeling by acting on the brain. Presentation: Saturday, June 11, 2022 1:00 p.m. - 3:00 p.m., Sunday, June 12, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 12:35 p.m.


Industry 4.0 is a designation for the automation of production and labour market changes that this will bring. It is based on the boom of digitization, robotization and automation. The Industry 4.0 concept brings the benefits of increasing productivity, reducing costs and making mistakes they result from the involvement of more
sophisticated machines in all company processes. The aim of this article is to present the ongoing fourth Industrial revolution (Industry 4.0.) and the impact of innovations in the company. Implementation of innovations are presented, innovation cycle itself and innovations effect on companies. Industry 4.0 makes full use of emerging
technologies and rapid development of machines and tools to cope with global challenges in order to improve industry levels. Also, concepts of innovation and digitization are currently a central task for future competitiveness. Therefore, companies are establishing brand new departments focused on innovations in
Industry 4.0. Industry 4.0 and digital transformation bring new opportunities in the areas of customer search, improving product offerings, and new opportunities for creating and delivering value, thus opening up new ways to create profit. First part theoretically describes various approaches to this problematic, description of four industrial revolutions and Industry 4.0. itself. Next implementation of innovations is presented, innovation cycle itself and innovations effect on companies. The last part of the article covers innovations in context of Industry 4.0. (both methods and technology) within the automotive industry. Main impact of the work is that this article puts in correlation both importance of the ongoing fourth industrial revolution with innovations in the company.
It is very interesting, that these innovations with modern technologies help companies to operate more effectively.


Carbon dioxide emissions have become a growing problem worldwide. Global institutions are addressing this problem and developing solutions. Countries that are aware of this problem are implementing regulations that affect global industry and, in particular, maritime transport. Considering that the combustion process, namely, diesel, remains the main energy conversion process on board ships, the question arises: what is the best solution to reduce pollutant emissions? Coastal countries have taken various measures to reduce the emission of harmful gases into the marine environment. The problem with these measures is that it is difficult to accurately predict their impact. This paper looks at one of these measures (slow-steaming) to determine how it affects carbon dioxide emissions from different types of ships and their modes of operation. Engine room simulators were used to study two marine power plants under different operating conditions. Fuel consumption was measured, i.e., flows from heavy fuel oil and diesel oil service tanks to all consumers, and carbon emissions were calculated accordingly. The study showed a large reduction in carbon dioxide emissions in the case of a modern power plant ship, and large deviations when all operating modes were compared.


Author: Jim Lundy  Date: October 30, 2013 Topic: Collaboration   Research Note Number: 2013-42 Issue: Who are the collaboration providers and...


In the past two years, there have been a large number of publications on the topic of biomimetic dry adhesives from modeling, fabrication and testing perspectives. We review and compare the most recent advances in fabrication and testing of these materials. While there is increased convergence and consensus as to what makes a good dry adhesive, the fabrication of these materials is still challenging, particularly for anisotropic or hierarchal designs. Although qualitative comparisons between different adhesive designs can be made, quantifying the exact performance and rating each design is significantly hampered by the lack of standardized testing methods. Manufacturing dry adhesives, which can reliably adhere to rough surfaces, show directional and self-cleaning behavior and are relatively simple to manufacture, is still very challenging—great strides by multiple research groups have however made these goals appear achievable within the next few years.


The First Congress of the European Ophthalmological Society, held at Athens in 1960, concerned secondary glaucoma. The Proceedings contain a large number of papers on various aspects of secondary glaucoma with discussions by distinguished physicians from many countries. The subject is comprehensively covered with little duplication. The volume will provide the American readers with contemporary European thinking about glaucoma. It will be of greatest value to ophthalmologists who read French and German; however, about 15 articles are in English, and there are English summaries at the end of each report. The papers are primarily clinical, but basic problems also receive consideration. To a certain degree, the papers reflect the character of ophthalmological practice in the various countries represented. Therefore, purchase of this volume is especially recommended for American ophthalmologists planning to visit European clinics.


Over the last decades, the quality and quantity of the Mediterranean freshwater resources have significantly deteriorated due to climate change, unsustainable utilization, user conflicts, and seawater intrusions. On the small and remote island of Vis, where similar issues prevail, the need for alternative water management solutions has yielded managed aquifer recharge (MAR) as a promising option for increasing the safety and resilience of the local and autonomous water supply. By performing a cost–benefit analysis (CBA) to evaluate the feasibility of the deployment of an infiltration pond method in the Korita well field, the results evidenced a positive financial performance and sustainability of the proposed MAR solution. In addition, the overall economic benefits of the project, quantified through the willingness-to-pay method, significantly exceeded its costs, as evidenced by the high benefit/cost ratio of 2.83. The most significant uncertainty related to the infiltration pond method is represented by the high sensitivity to changes in the applied hydrological assumptions (i.e., the evaporation coefficient and number of annual infiltration pond recharges). This study aims to contribute to the understanding of interrelated socio-economic factors of MAR projects in karst aquifers, and represents the first of its kind in Croatia.


Preface Introduction: the gap Perspectivism The eye of the architect - the body of the flaneur Planning as a neurosis The impossible profession Urbanity The theory of space syntax Logic - dialectics Conclusion: planned, all too planned References Index.


A phantom of tissure-equivalent material is important for quality control of an ultrasound diag -nostic equipment. This paper deals with polyure -thane gel and oil gels for the tissure-equvalent materials. The sound velocities of the materials are from 1450 to 1550 m/s and the attenuations are less than 0.4 dB/cm MHz. The attenuation constant of the materials is adjustable by dipersing suspended powder in the matrices. The materials are stable in their physical properties during the past a few month.


For small and medium-sized electronic enterprises to produce plug-in circuit boards, due to the size of the enterprise, order requirements and other reasons, small and medium-sized electronic enterprises usually use manual visual inspection of plug-in circuit boards for inspection. Based on the Vision Developments Module of LabView software, we can detect the solder joint defects of plug-in circuit boards. According to the actual production of different types of circuit boards, the solder joints are classified, and then the representative qualified solder joints are extracted to make standard solder joint templates, which are matched with the images of the plug-in circuit boards to be tested through multiple template geometry matching to achieve automatic detection of solder joints with 93% detection accuracy.


Horticulture is one of important subsectors for agricultural development in East Java. Increasing demand of high quality seed of horticulture results an increasing demand of land for seed breeding. The objectives of this research were to analyze potential of various potential horticultural crops, to calculate economic feasibility, to analyze business marketing chain and to identify potential horticultural seeds breeding for agribusiness development. Data analysis method that used in this research was Location Quotient (LQ), Supply Chain, Business Feasibility (Feasibility Study), and AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process). The research was conducted in 5 (five) Regencies. The research conducted by interview to the breeder, user farmers, and seeds seller. The research results showed that potential horticultural seeds in five Regencies based on LQ and local government program are rose apple ( Syzygium aqueum ), longan fruit, durian, ginger, bird's eye chili or thai chili, orange, potato, and mango. All potential commodities above were feasible to be developed based on R/C ratio, B/C ratio, NPV, and IRR calculation. Marketing chain for those potential commodities vary started from breeder farmer, middleman, farmer group, Regional Owned Enterprises to the user farmer or individual farmer. The prospect of those potential horticultural seeds breeding based on AHP analysis results some attributes to be considered, they are seeds quality and growth capability.


. The paper aims to distinguish syntactically between lower cardinals in Romanian (1–19) and higher cardinals in Romanian (19–). Lower cardinals in Romanian will be shown to sit in the specifier position of the noun, while higher cardinals will be shown to enter a head-complement relation with the noun. The paper will also show that lower cardinals in Romanian enter two types of syntactic configurations; more precisely, when nouns designating language units are involved, lower cardinals may behave both adjectivally and nominally. Finally, the paper will hypothesize that the prepositional construction with cardinals in Romanian is a type of prepositional-genitive construction.


International license (CC-BY). Mamlūk Studies Review is an Open Access journal. See http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/msr.html for more information. MSR Vol. XIX: http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/MamlukStudiesReview_XIX_2016.pdf Article: http://mamluk.uchicago.edu/MSR_XIX_2016_Ozkan.pdf Why Stress Does Matter: New Material on Metrics in Zajal Poetry University of Münster Hakan Özkan Why Stress Does Matter: New Material on Metrics in Zajal Poetry HHnHa aHnHa


The hyper-Raman effect is treated theoretically from the quantum statistical point of view. For this purpose a master equation, based on a microscopically correct Hamiltonian, is derived and then solved analytically. The solution obtained is quite general and enables computation of the complete joint probability distribution for arbitrary time and any initial conditions.


Children from families of ATO participants and internally displaced persons are extremely psychologically susceptible. Therefore, it is necessary to provide them with an emotionally comfortable environment for education and development, to promote the restoration of emotional stability and equilibrium. A lullaby is an effective ethno-cultural tool to overcome disturbing feelings that often cover a child of preschool age, creating an atmosphere of love, tenderness, cosiness and calm in the process of her education and development. With the help of amusements, tricks, humorous songs, an educator can create a relaxed and positive atmosphere and, accordingly, accelerate the process of re-socialization of children of these categories in new conditions or circumstances, to organize a comfortable environment for the restoration of their emotional balance. To overcome the negative consequences of children psychotraumatic situations, the elimination of a state of internal tension, emotional anxiety and the subsequent formation of emotional state of internal balance, vivacity, it is recommended to use song-fairy tales. Fables are considered to be an additional ethno-cultural tool for creating a relaxed communicative environment, overcoming the depressed emotional state of children from the families of ATO participants and internally displaced persons.


Judicial systems of various jurisdictions, faced with the problem of overloaded courts, including through disputes based on circumstances, the establishment of which or the search for a causal relationship between which requires the use of knowledge (special) unknown to judges, they are more or less successfully solve it through the development of conciliation procedures with the participation of knowledgeable persons. The current Russian procedural legislation does not provide for such conciliation procedures. In this respect, the experience developed in France, Italy and the USA is of interest. The reform of conciliation procedures initiated by the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation served as normative consolidation by the Federal Law of 26 July 2019 No. 197-FZ "On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation" in the reborn form of the procedure of judicial conciliation known to the domestic civil procedural legislation of the Russian Empire, the regulations for which were approved by the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on 31 October 2019. Is there a need to introduce conciliation procedures using special knowledge into Russian civil procedural legislation? Is it possible to use the American, Italian or French model? This article attempts to answer these two questions.


Summary form only given. Due to the effect of long-term structural planning, Chinese firms lacked in their research and development capabilities. Although colleges, universities and scientific research institutes possessed enormous potentiality in this area, however their research tended to lay particular stress on basic research. Under the social conditions of the present market economy, technology is increasingly becoming a key factor influencing corporate competitiveness. This requires strengthening the cooperation between industry, academic, and scientific research institutes in the areas of research and development. As China attempts to carry out its structural reform, the need for such cooperation is particularly imminent. Consequently since the early 1980s the government of China has actively promoted the cooperation between such institution in their R&D efforts. The cooperation between industry, academic and scientific research institutes in China is characterized by the following methods: technology transfer; contractual research and development which can be further divided into development by consignment and development by contract; cooperation through the establishment of joint research and development institutions; and establishing joint stock companies using the combined funds of enterprise, academic and scientific research institutions. The technology is valued in registered capital. Other methods include companies which provide funding to universities research institutions for the training and saving problems that may exist in the companies technology or production facilities etc.


This study
was carried out to
discover
students perceptions about effective instruction in
two different contexts (
a public and a private
preparatory
school
)
and to what extent
th
e
se per
ceptions ar
e the same or different
. The information was gathered by means of
observations,
informal interviews
and two
questionnaire
s
in which
students ranked the
characteristics of effective education and observation notes...


Interfacial slip was determined for linear-low-density polyethylene (PE)/thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) immiscible systems by use of layered samples between rotational parallel-plates according to the method described by Zhao and Macosko (2002) and Lee et al. (2009). Six different types of TPEs based on polyesters, polyethers, and polysiloxane were investigated. Interfacial slip between PE and TPE could be detected and quantified at low shear stresses in the range of 30–3000 Pa using samples consisting of only three layers. In agreement with the scaling law of Brochard-Wyart and de Gennes (1993) for weakly entangled interfaces at low shear stress, the polymer–polymer interfacial slip velocity was found to scale linearly with the applied shear stress and slip velocities ranging from 0.5 to 50 μm/s were observed. To quantify the amount of wall slip during the rotational measurements, the procedure presented by Yoshimura and Prud'homme (1988) was used. As a result the steady shear viscosities of three TPEs ha...


Some details are recorded of the failure of a turbine-driven compressor set as a result of torsional excitation due to gearing error. While serious vibrations of this sort are apparently rare, the type of system and conditions under which the failure occurred are not.


This write-up provides summary information about the simulation modeling language GPSS. The class of problems to which GPSS applies especially well is described; commentary on the semantics and syntax of the language is offered, and an example is provided; the learning-oriented literature for GPSS is summarized; sources comparing GPSS and other simulation languages are cited; various GPSS implementations are commented on; vendor information is supplied; the time-sharing networks offering GPSS are cited; and professional courses on the language are listed.
The GPSS tutorial itself will explore fundamental details of GPSS and present examples of fundamental GPSS models. Copies of the transparencies used for the tutorial will be distributed to those in attendance.


Background: To become lifelong learners, it is essential for medical students to develop self-directed learning (SDL) skills from early medical schools. Aim and Objective: The present study was conducted to compare the outcome of traditional lecture classes (LCs) and SDL sessions among the first MBBS students in the department of physiology. Materials and Methods: This pilot study was conducted over a period of 1 year in the department of physiology among the first MBBS students to compare the outcome of traditional LCs with SDL sessions. The first 12 traditional LCs were conducted among Group A (roll no. 1–100) and the first 12 SDL sessions were conducted among Group B (roll no. 101– 200). For the rest 13 traditional LCs and SDL sessions, crossover of two groups was done, that is, traditional LCs were conducted among Group B and SDL sessions were conducted among Group A. Results: Students performed significantly better in the 3rd, 7th, 10th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 15th, 18th, 19th, 21st, and 22nd SDL sessions as compared to LCs in post-test sessions. Students performed significantly better in the 4th, 6th, 8th, 16th, 23rd, 24th, and 25th LCs as compared to SDL sessions in posttests. Students performed significantly better in post-test sessions as compared to pre-test sessions. Students were highly satisfied with the program (as per evaluation done by Kirkpatrick model: Level 1). Conclusions: The students were highly satisfied with the teaching-learning program implemented by the department of physiology and their performance was better following SDL sessions as compared to traditional LCs.


With the progress and development of science and technology, high dimensional data has become a hot topic in scientific research. Lasso is one of the most commonly used methods for solving high dimensional variable selection so far. In the process of performing Lasso solution, the least angle regression algorithm and coordinate descent algorithm are often used. In this paper, Lasso is applied to reduce the dimensionality of the gasoline octane problem, and three algorithms are used to compare, and it is found that the mean square error of the model obtained by using the generalized path search algorithm is the smallest.


The Covid-19 pandemic has an impact on every aspect of human life, one of which is the mental health of the  children. There are drastic changes in the child's life cycle and activities that cause mood fluctuations, feelings of sadness, fear, that cause excessive stress reactions. The Covid-19 pandemic is a difficult situation for children, even the impact affects their future. Therefore, there is a need for early detection to track children's mental health. This research  aimed to inform teachers' in Bekasi city of their understanding of children's mental health conditions during the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of this research is that teachers will have skills in early detection of mental health in children. The method employed descriptive analysis  and used  survey methods, and questionnaires  in collecting  the data. The results of this study reveal that early detection knowledge is very important to be understood by teachers as a preventive step in preventing young children's mental health disorders in the future, so that children can be productive and active again to live their lives


The most noticeable damage done by power toboggans is to trees and shrubs. It seems necessary to drive these machines off the designated trails and engage in a grand slalom through the trees and underbrush. I grant that most of the plants are probably hidden from the operator by the snow and it is, therefore, more difficult to make him aware of the destruction he causes. One machine operator appeared to be trying to see how much his machine could bulldoze: there were large num¬ bers of saplings up to 3/4 inches broken off and bent in the track. In cold weather the bark on trees, especially the White Poplar, becomes very brittle and a slight knock at the right angle will cause large pieces to shatter off like glass. This leaves an unsightly scar but, more important, it provides a site for plant disease and in¬ sect pests to gain an easy foothold. Once disease and insects are established, there is a reservoir of in¬ fection that could be spread to healthy plants, if conditions are favourable.


A randomized, controlled, blind study was carried out in 20 affected patients of transient ischemic attacks in order to know the influence of low frequency magnetic field in the stimulation of functional state at the sensitive cortex during tactile perception process. The patients were divided in two groups composed of 10 patients whose main difference was the application of magnetotherapy. As answer variables, we used the stesiometric method, brain SPECT and EEG. It was observed sensibility in the three exams to detect functional alterations, circulation decrease, and alterations of the electrical cerebral activity. There was a significant increment for the plateau length variable of stesiometric method in the study group. The obtained results talk in favor of a positive influence of the magnetotherapy on the functional state at the sensitive cortex and the capacity of the cutaneous analyzer's. Key words: magnetotherapy, low frequency electromagnetic field, transient ischemic attacks, stroke


In this paper, we present steps towards a model-driven financial decision support system (FDSS) to pricing options on currency futures, which can be embedded in a high-frequency trading process. Due to the difficulty of option valuation, we provide an alternative heuristic option pricing approach with neural networks. We show that the use of neural networks is not only suitable in generating accurate trading signals, but also in generating automated fast run-time trading signals for the decision taker. To achieve this, we conduct an experiment with an empirical tick data set of EUR/USD options on currency futures of four weeks. An essential advantage of our approach is the simultaneous pricing across different strike prices and parsimonious use of input variables. Nevertheless, we also have to take particular limitations into account, which give us useful hints for further research and steps.


Almost 19,000 babies exposed to passive smoke during gestation are born with low birth weight each year in the UK (Royal College of Physicians, 2010). Latest figures from Scotland suggest an annual decline in the numbers of mothers reporting smoking at first booking and first visit (ISD, 2011). 18.8% of women were active smokers at booking (first antenatal appointment); a decrease of 9% on 2005 figures. Maternal smoking rates at first visit from a health visitor were 18.1% for the same period (a fall from 22.2% in 2005). Mothers in the most deprived categories were more likely to report smoking at first booking compared to mothers from the least deprived (30.6% compared to 6.1%) (ISD, 2011).


As the 21st century approaches, innovation and change from the old ways to more effective and meaningful methods of communicating school progress is required more than ever. It is not enough to just send home a traditional paper card when new curriculum and learning models are put into place. Reports to parents must represent more authentic communication about the learning that takes place with the new models. Traditional report cards fall short of this requirement. * Traditional Reporting Tools Inadequate Reporting instruments should report in real time, events and actions. Cards for the young should not report achievement and progress quantitatively, but present and represent more qualitative elements of the processes of learning. And to some extent, they should attempt to capture in motion what numbers and symbols could never do. We all know that the advancement of technology into the whole field of education will eventually impact all areas. It is my premise that if educators themselves participate in these changes from within, even with such a small effort as this, education can be its own "change agent." I believe the report card as we now know it will totally disappear in a few more years. It is already being replaced with portfolios and various types of demonstrations and exhibitions. These all have value, but to provide an "action portfolio" can be more gratifying for you, as teacher or administrator, and your students and their families. It is an invaluable summary tool for self-measurement, evaluation and analysis as well as a practical and memorable record of what transpired during the whole year. * New Assessment Method Needed At Burris Laboratory School in Muncie, Ind., report cards are sent home twice a year. Two parent conference sessions are scheduled between the "grading periods." Even though we do not give letter grades in this elementary school, the existing report card was not adequate for my needs as an individual classroom teacher. Because of the nature of an innovative curriculum model called CONNECTIONS, which I developed as Indiana's 1991 Christa McAuliffe Fellow, our regular report card did not accommodate the information or provide the format I needed to convey the progress and participation levels of my students to their parents. Since this curriculum model provides students with new formats to pursue learning based on their individual interests and learning styles, and also connects knowledge in several contexts, it was necessary to develop a new reporting tool, using the latest available technology. So it was that in 1992 my third graders took home report cards that couldn't get smeared if "accidentally" dropped into rain puddles or lost in the year's accumulation of crumpled debris in book bags. On the last day of school these Burris Laboratory School students proudly carried home report cards they had helped produce. They were too big and too new to ignore or lose. These students took home Video Report Cards. * The Video Report Card The Video Report Card (VRC) is an "action portfolio." It presents hard evidence of what goes on in the classroom - academically and actively. It allows parents and even young students to conclude what the year has ultimately meant and how much was achieved. Unlike the regular cards sent home for the first two grading periods, I wanted the last card of the year to be not only a report of what, and how well, the student had learned, but a visual collage" of how they had been instructed. It would also serve as a living record of wonderful memories of our year together. My goal was to create a reporting tool that allowed more than just I, as teacher, to be involved in evaluating student successes. This card was designed so that the student and his or her family could make their own evaluations of growth and success. In addition to reporting academic achievement and involvement, the VRC gave parents a "peek" into the classroom to see these processes taking place. …


There are two challenges when performing cooperative spectrum sensing considering security issues in cognitive radio networks. One is to distinguish honest secondary users in the fading area with malicious cognitive users and the other is how to stimulate cognitive users to take part in cooperative spectrum sensing so that the whole system performance could be enhanced. In this paper, we propose a trusted social behavior inspired with clustering scheme (TRUSTER) for cooperative spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks. Simulations demonstrate that TRUSTER scheme is at least 37.5% times faster than traditional clustering method when isolating malicious SUs and the false alarm probability is lower than the traditional base scheme.


The research of literary selection science is one of the causes for which Mr.Qian Zhongshu struggled a whole life.In the study of literary selection science,Mr.Qian did an all-round and deep work,and brought forth many ideas.He pushed forward the literary selection science to an extremely new stage.


This article presents a microgrid that uses sustainable energy sources. It has a fuel cell (FC), wind energy production devices, and a superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) device. The performance of the suggested microgrid is improved by adapting an optimal control method using an artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm. The ABC algorithm has many advantages, including simplicity, adaptability and resilience to handle difficult optimization issues. Under usual circumstances, wind and FC energies are typically appropriate for meeting load demands. The SMES, however, makes up the extra capacity requirement during transient circumstances. Using the ABC optimum controller, the load frequency and voltage are controlled. Measurements of the microgrid's behavior using the newly developed optimal controller were made in response to step variations in wind power and load demand. To assess the performance of the suggested system, simulations in Matlab were run. The outcomes of the simulations demonstrated that the suggested microgrid supplied the load with AC power of steady amplitude and frequency for all disruptions. Additionally, the necessary load demand was precisely mitigated. Furthermore, even in the presence of variable wind speeds and SMES, the microgrid performed superbly. The outcomes under the same circumstances with and without the optimal ABC processor were compared. It was discovered that the microgrid delivered superior responses using the optimal ABC controller with SMES compared to the microgrid without SMES. The performance was also compared to the optimally controlled microgrid using particle swarm (PS) optimization.


PT. Cilegon Raya Utama Motor that located at Jl. Raya Timur Km. 3 Cilegon 42422, phone (0254) 392961, Fax (0254) 392292 is the company that activity in service company. This company has used the computer but the transaction has not been computerized. Whereas the accounting record method use the cash basis.

 To solve the problem in the company, writer take the title research "Accounting Information System Design of Cash Payment at PT. Cilegon Raya Utama Motor Base On Client Server Using Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0". For the research method use the eksploratoris and descriptive, and the system development system use iterasi, and software that use is Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0, SQL Server 7.0, and Crystal Report 8.5. Accounting Information System of Cash Payment is expected can solve the problems in the company.


Scholars and practitioners are paying increased attention to the concept of organizational conscience as it leads to positive outcomes in organizational life. Despite this increase, there is a gap measuring the perception of organizational conscience. To fill this gap, this study aims to develop a scale which measures the perception of organizational conscience. For this purpose, it uses a methodological approach with three steps which are item generation, scale purification and scale development. A special focus on developing a scale to measure organizational conscience using both qualitative and quantitative methods through data obtained from 239 service employees. As a consequence, a six-dimensional scale containing twenty seven items developed distinctive dimensions of organizational conscience: humanistic work climate, mindfulness, existential harmony, customer-oriented view, sensitive attitudes, ethical temperament. The results of this study suggest that the organizational conscience scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for further research on management.


The invention discloses a phased array radar T/R module and a heat dissipation assembly thereof. The heat dissipation assembly comprises a first cavity and a second cavity which are mutually fastened and fixed, and a heat conductor used for conducting heat is arranged between the first cavity and the second cavity; and the first cavity and the second cavity are aluminum alloy. The invention aims to provide a heat dissipation plate which is light in weight, large in working range, constant in thermal conductivity, simple in production process, high in yield and low in cost, is not influenced by working speed of a product, can be widely used and adopts a high-power T/R module.


In this paper we analyse the economic and technical effects of using CO2 rich natural gas in an industrial park. The basis for our work is a technical-economic description the processes in the different plants. A mathematical model is established that enable analysis and optimisation of design and operation of the industrial park. The model optimises maximizes the net present value of the available investment and operation opportunities. The candidate plants that we consider in our case study are; a DRI plant, a steel plant (EAF), a methanol plant, a carbon black plant, a combined cycle power plant and a carbon capture facility. We use Norway as a case study due to the political ambitions of increasing domestic consumption of natural gas to achieve a higher level of innovation and industrial development. Several scenarios are analysed, and the main findings from this case study are that there could be both environmental and economic benefits by using a CO2 rich gas in an integrated industrial park.


Introduction: Conversion disorder is characterized by the presence of symptoms or non-deliberated deficits that affect the voluntary or sensory motor functioning, which suggests the existence of a general pathological state. In its onset or exacerbation, various psychological factors are assumed to be involved. There is no clarity regarding the origin of the conversion disorder. In children, the prevalence of this disorder ranges between 12 and 21%. There are few studies about the conversion disorder in the pediatric population. The systemic orientation offers a theoretical framework that allows deepening in the characteristics and functionality of the symptom in the children's context.
Objective: The present paper aims to present a clinical case of a 10-year-old male child with severe conversion symptoms. We will focus on the characteristics of the symptomatology and the family context. Therapeutic interventions implemented in the individualized treatment plan of the case will be presented.
Method: Single case study. A 10-year-old male suffering conversion symptomatology across over one year, attended at the Servicio de psiquiatria y psicologia clinica infantojuvenil at the Hospital Clinic de Barcelona
Results: The progress of the case during the months of treatment will be exposed. A considerable reduction of the symptomatology and the general state of the patient is evidenced.
Conclusions: The inclusion of the family as the object of treatment seems to be beneficial for the favorable progress of the conversion disorders in childhood. Particularly, the strategies that encourage the emotional processing about the symptomatology and those that intervene in the family hierarchical boundaries have been shown to be effective in this specific case. It is not possible to generalize the results to other cases due to the single case characteristics of the present work.


The vibrational spectra of Me3SiGeH3, Me3SiGeD3, Me3GeGeH3, and Me3GeGeD3, are recorded and assigned. The Raman spectrum of H3SiGeH3 is reported and ν(SiGe) reassigned at 362 cm–1. The exchange of methyl groups and hydrogen is demonstrated in the fragmentation of trimethylsiylgermane.


Sectio Caesarea is the way to give birth to the fetus by making an incision through the front wall of the uterus. Once the patient becomes aware, he will feel pain in the affected part of the body. Pain that is not handled properly will cause problems both physically and psychologically. Nonpharmacologic pain methods are usually chosen because they have a very low risk. One of the most effective distractions is music, which can reduce physiological pain, stress, and anxiety by diverting one's attention from pain. The purpose of this study to determine the effectiveness of classical music therapy to decrease the intensity of pain in primiparous mother with postoperative pain sectio caesarea surgery in the Flamboyan Room RSUD Prof. Dr. W. Z. Johannes Kupang. This research method is quasi-experimental, sample selection using accidental sampling. The sample in this study were 50 respondents divided into groups of intervention and control group each of 25 respondents. The study was conducted on 19 May to 19 June 2017 in Flamboyan Room of RSUD Prof. Dr. W. Z. Johannes Kupang. Data collection was done by giving classical music therapy then the researchers measure the scale of pre and post pain using the scale of pain McGill. The results showed that classical music therapy technique is effective in decreasing postoperative pain of cesarean section surgery as evidenced by the independent t-test where p value = (0.000) is smaller than α = 0,05 with mean pain reduction mean = 2.04. In conclusion, classical music therapy is effective to reduce postoperative pain sectio caesarea surgery in primiparous mother in Flamboyan room. Dr. W. Z. Johannes Kupang.


Multidimensional networks are required to model human physiology in general and to identify key drivers of pathology in individual patients. Multidimensional networks are required to model human physiology in general and to identify key drivers of pathology in individual patients. Complete repertoires of molecular activity in and between tissues provided by new high-dimensional "omics" technologies hold great promise for characterizing human physiology at all levels of biological hierarchies. The combined effects of genetic and environmental perturbations at any level of these hierarchies can lead to vicious cycles of pathology and complex systemic diseases. The challenge lies in extracting all relevant information from the rapidly increasing volumes of omics data and translating this information first into knowledge and ultimately into wisdom that can yield clinically actionable results. Here, we discuss how molecular networks are central to the implementation of this new biology in medicine and translation to preventive and personalized health care.


1. The ovule of Ulmus fulva is anatropous, consisting of two integuments and a massive nucellus which becomes beaklike at maturity. 2. The archesporial cell functions as a macrospore mother cell. 3. The macrospore mother cell nucleus undergoes meiosis, forming four macrospore nuclei in a linear row. 4. No cell plates or walls are formed between the macrospore nuclei. 5. A typical eight-nucleate macrogametophyte is formed as a result of one further nuclear division. 6. The zygote, by transverse divisions, forms a row of three cells. The apical cell of this row develops into the embryo. The two basal cells form the suspensor.


The medicinal plants are the rich source of therapeutic phytoconstituents. The wide range of plants possesses vast range of medicinal uses in humanity. In the present study a review was conducted for selected plants for the medicinal activity they possess which are scientifically published in reputed journals. The activity researched is antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiulcer, hepatoprotective and anticancer activity etc. The present review shown that Pongamia pinnata, Nerium oleander methanol extract and Andrographis paniculata, Macaranga peltata alcoholic extracts possess wide range of therapeutic activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound healing and antidiabetic activity.


This study aims to verify the validity of the retirement satisfaction inventory (RSI) for Brazilians and its invariance with regard to gender, age, education, marital status, income and region of the country, and to investigate whether the reasons for retirement influence a person's retirement satisfaction. At total of 1,002 retirees participated in the study, including both men and women ranging in age from 44 to 88. The analyses indicated RSI being subdivided into two scales: i) the scale of satisfaction with retirement, and (ii) the reasons for retirement with good psychometric characteristics. The latter was found to be a predictor of the former. The instruments were structured differently than in other countries, but they were shown to be applicable in the Brazilian context, especially with regard to assessing interventions such as retirement preparation programs.


3D visual positioning is very important in position-based visual servoing for robot, directly affecting the control precision of the system. According to the robot with eye-to-hand and stereovision system, a direct method of visual positioning is proposed based on base coordinate system. It utilizes the corresponding relation of point to epipolar to establish homogeneous linear equations, for getting the fundamental matrix contained the relationship of relative position of two cameras. According to the properties of fundamental matrix, it is decomposed into projection matrix of two cameras relative to the base coordinate system of robot, so the method can reconstruct in the base coordinate system directly by equations of lines determined by planes in space. The method is simple and easy to be realized and the related experiment compared the measured coordinates with the actual coordinates, which shows that accuracy and efficiency of the method.


Recycling tires is one of the eco-friendly way for reducing environmental problems. Incorporating crumb rubber in asphalt mixtures is an alternative way for reusing the end-of-life tires in road construction. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the cold mix asphalt incorporating crumb rubber as a substitute for a part of fine aggregates. In this study, the aggregate gradations for mix design were selected according to the specification, Dense Graded Emulsion Mixtures (DGEM) Type IV and Open Graded Emulsion Mixtures (OGEM) Type E/20. The design bitumen content in this study was optimized for stability, void in mixture (porosity), and density. Crumb Rubber (CR) emulsion mixtures were made with optimum bitumen content at 8% by mass of total mixture for DGEM and OGEM. In order to incorporate crumb rubber into the cold emulsion mixtures, laboratory testing were performed for 25% and 50% of fine aggregates replaced with an equal volume of crumb rubber. In general, CR emulsion mixtures showed good results in all parameters. The CR emulsion mixtures also had a good comparison to hot mix asphalt specification for medium volume traffic loads with porosity less than 10%. From this study, crumb rubber can be recommended as a substitution material of fine aggregates in cold mix asphalt.


The ease of implantation of the rapid deployment (RD) and sutureless valves has contributed to the adoption of anterior right thoracotomy (ART) approach for aortic valve replacement (AVR).


Japan's constitutional revision and resultant remilitarization can affect the balance of power in the international system beyond its national borders. This paper critically analyzes the constitutional revision debate in contemporary Japan and the implications for Japan's foreign relations if or when it becomes constitutional for the island nation to possess military forces. It argues that justification for constitutional revision is based on political myth rather than historical reality and rational analysis, and also that a militarized Japan will not enhance its independence or international prestige. Rather, there is the great fear that a new Japan will be further subordinated to the United States as a critical part of the latter's global strategy and defense mechanism.


Intelligence is incorporated in the non-living things to make life easy. The intelligence in car system was first done by Google and hence named it as Google car. The Google car is a driverless car system where all the functions are automated based on the sensors. This paper presents a framework where a fuzzy system is used for the implementation of an intelligent car system. In particular, the prototype of the intelligent car system will show how the robot reaches from source to destination with the shortest path by detecting and avoiding obstacle. This paper highlights the key factor like choosing destination and the shortest path using GPS module, camera is interfaced for the image processing of the obstacles detection and avoidance.


As solvent supercritical carbon dioxide offers unique possibilities, like non-toxicity and therefore reduction of environmental pollution or access of low-temperature processing resulting in additional process safety. Therefore, knowledge to the influence of modifiers due to better solubility of polar substances is important for evaluating novel manufacturing techniques like the RESS- or GAS-process. Dynamic supercritical fluid extraction of PETN, nitroguanidine (NIGU) and RDX, respectively, with pure as well as with modified carbon dioxide indicated that all explosives except nitroguanidine were extracted though for RDX and 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole the use of modifiers proved to be necessary. The results show the high capacity of modified supercritical carbon dioxide as a solvent in RESS- and GAS-processes.


The article is devoted to determination of the place of hedged risks in the structure of financial risks of an industrial enterprise. The importance of financial risks in the "risk portfolio" of an industrial enterprise is justified. Financial risks, hedged and non-hedged risks are defined. The system of classification criteria of financial risks is widened. Special attention is given to classification and content of hedged risks of an industrial enterprise.


To the Editor.— Physicians should play a major role in patient education. Primary care physicians, however, may express little interest in educating patients about human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). 1 Although there is some information on the provision of education about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) by general practitioners in Britain, there are few data in this regard about their colleagues in the United States. As part of a telephone survey of primary care physicians in Minnesota (in family medicine, general practice, and internal medicine), we asked questions designed to investigate this issue. A survey of short-answer, open-ended questions was administered to people from a random selection of offices. Small offices were considered to have one to five physicians and large offices to have more than five physicians. Responses were obtained from representatives of 83.4% (141/169) of physicians' offices contacted. Most nonresponses (15 of 28) occurred because a person able to respond


In this work, we have performed quantum chemistry and computational kinetics calculations to study the OH radical initiated oxidation of four saturated esters: methyl formate, ethyl formate, ethyl acetate, and n-propyl acetate. All possible mechanisms have been considered, and rate constants have been calculated using Conventional Transition State Theory. Systematic branching ratios for the different paths contributing to the overall reaction, at 298 K, are reported. In all cases, the calculated overall rate coefficients are in excellent agreement with reported experimental data, thus supporting the proposed mechanisms. The different site reactivity is rationalized in terms of the activation by different groups present in each molecule. The order of site reactivities for H abstraction was found to be OCH2 > CCH2 > HC(O)O > OCH3 > CH3C(O)O. This order explains the observed rate constants in the studied esters and can be extrapolated to similar compounds. The role of hydrogen bond-like interactions in the transition states and their influence on the observed site reactivities is discussed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


The spatial density of calling animals may be estimated acoustically using methods presented by Buckland et al. [Advanced Distance Sampling (Oxford University Press; Oxford, 2004)]; information on the call (or other cue) rate, the call detection probability as a function of range, and the probability of a false detection to obtain an estimate of spatial density. Here we use similar methods to estimate the density of calling fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) from the level of received sound near 20 Hz—the so‐called "Jez monster." Using published source levels and call rates of fin whales, a Monte Carlo method is developed that simulates a given spatial density of whales randomly situated around a hydrophone and uses acoustic propagation modeling (specifically, a parabolic equation model) to estimate the resulting level of received sound. Using this technique at several deep‐water sites in the North Atlantic, we derive a function that maps loudness to spatial density, and then use this function to estimate...


Background and Aims
Based on 19 nuclear simple sequence repeat markers and parental analysis, we aimed to identify and propose the pedigree of different accessions held at the Estacion Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza of the Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria germplasm collection. The results were compared with data recorded in large, international databases.

Methods and Results
We identified 37 different cultivars, of which 18 were original and not previously identified. The parentage analysis showed that European cultivars, such as Muscat of Alexandria, Muscat a Petits Grains, Listan Prieto, Mollar Cano and Malbec, were involved in natural crossings resulting in different South American cultivars.

Conclusions
Many of the cultivars identified here represent unique individuals based on their genotype. The number of cultivars that participated as progenitors in the origin of South American germplasm is higher than previously thought.

Significance of the Study
Germplasm collections planted many years ago play a key role in the conservation and characterisation of genotypes that otherwise may have been lost. It is highly probable that there might be other genotypes not identified and mixed in old vineyards. The identification, rescue and conservation of these genotypes are a challenge to preserve the existing genetic variability.


Due to learning mechanism of different groups of people,this paper proposes the environmental art design in higher vocational courses can better realize teaching objectives by group teaching method."Landscape planning and design" course for the pilot implementation of grouping teaching has proved that it is a promotion of interaction between teachers and students,and a way to develop personality effectively which is refleetion of student-oriented coneept and teaching students in accordance with their talents.


Straight line motion is one of the most fundamental target motions. Its modeling has been well studied for unconstrained targets, e.g., air targets. However, the existing straight line motion models can not be directly used for the constrained case on straight line tracks, which has wide application, e.g., in ground target tracking. In this paper, modeling of the constrained target motion on a straight line track is considered. First, the constraints imposed by the straight track are explicitly set up. Then both direct elimination and projection along-track are applied to obtain two forms of constrained motion models in the 2D Cartesian plane and 3D Cartesian space. The connections between these two forms are studied. It is found that the traditional linear Gaussian assumption is still valid for the nearly constant velocity models, the nearly constant acceleration models and the Singer model. Inspired by this, a general condition under which the traditional linear Gaussian assumption is valid for modeling of constrained motion on a straight track is also discussed.


Background: An atypical B cell subset of age-associated B cells (ABCs) accumulate with age in mice and humans. ABCs acquire the ability to secrete antibodies and in�ammatory cytokines in response to TLR7 and TLR9, and present antigens to T cells more e�ciently than follicular (FO) B cells, which promotes the development of pathogenic phenotypes in aged individuals. Results:In this study, we demonstrated that actin cytoskeleton remodeling is enhanced in ABCs compared to FO B cells. ABCs showed higher motility across Transwell membranes and 3-dimensional (3D) collagen gels, without chemoattractants. Due to chemokine receptor expression remodeling, ABCs were attracted by CXCL12 and CCL21 rather than CXCL13. Among F-actin remodeling-related factors, expression levels of Fascin1 and Pak1 were increased in ABCs. In the presence of a Pak1 inhibitor, IPA3, migration of ABCs in both Transwell chambers and 3D-collagen gels was signi�cantly attenuated. In contrast, a Fascin1 inhibitor, migrastatin, only reduced ABC migration in the 3D collagen gel. The ability to present antigens to T cells was also enhanced in ABCs, in which the Fascin1 mediated pathway is implicated. Conclusion: Increased expression of Fascin1 and Pak1 enhances actin cytoskeleton remodeling in ABCs, promoting motility and antigen presentation. With these phenotypes, ABCs e�ciently uptake and present antigens to T cells, and disperse easily within secondary lymphoid tissues.


The paper demonstrates a CMOS integrated sensor IC for an array of novel nanowell devices used for molecular sensing. The size of the nanowell (10-100 nm) enables high-fidelity detection and analysis through broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) of the parallel-plate capacitor formed by the nanowell and the trapped molecule. The signal transduction is done by a novel, continuous-time detector circuit followed by a low-noise lock-in architecture which measures the admittance of the sensor as a function of frequency for BDS. The CMOS IC has a capacitance resolution of 14 aF (frequency /spl sim/1 Hz to 1 GHz) and power consumption of only 30 /spl mu/W/channel. The CMOS front-end is implemented in TSMC 018 /spl mu/ technology.


The liquefied gas carrier according to the present invention particularly comprises a liquefied gas storage tank and is characterized in that the liquefied gas storage tank comprises an upper part, amiddle part, and a lower part, that the vertical length of the middle part extends farther than the vertical length of the middle part of the liquefied gas tank of a liquefied gas carrier having a liquefied gas storage capacity of less than 70K, and that the liquefied gas carrier has a width of less than 32.3 m and has a liquefied gas tank having a liquefied gas storage capacity of at least 70K, preferably of 78.7K. The features allow the liquefied gas carrier to have an increased cargo capacity while having a width allowing for passage through the original Panama Canal, and improvements in the hull form, interior structure, and so on can improve structural stability and the like.


We present a system that automatically suggests the furniture layout when one moves into a new house, taking into account the furniture layout in the previous house. In our method, the input to our system comprises the floor plans of the previous and new houses, and the furniture layout in the previous house. The furniture layout for the whole house is suggested. This method builds on a previous furniture layout method with which the furniture layout for a single room only is computed. In this paper, we propose a new method that can suggest the furniture layout for multiple rooms in the new house. To deal with this problem, we took a heuristic approach in developing a cost function by adding some new cost functions to the previous method. We show various layouts computed using our method, which demonstrates the effectiveness of it.


One of the health services at the hospital are outpatient services. Generally information management at the installation is computerized. However, the information system still to experience several obstacles caused many problems has occurred. Aim of this research is to analyze the needs of information systems development in outpatient services.The development of the system was based on FAST (Framework for theApplication of Systems Techniques) preliminary studies, problem analysis, and need analysis. This research was using qualitative methods, in-depth interviews based of the PIECES framework (performance, information, economic, control, efficiency and service). Informants in this research are installation head outpatient, 2 person from polyclinic staff, 1 person from medical record staff, 1 person from registration staff and 1 person from information system hospital staff. The results showed the user needs of development information system at outpatient installation in RSWS Makassar that information systems which can simplify data processing, accessibility for reports, and information systems for search patients data. The recommendations given related with user needs there are form of data management module and reporting module for outpatient. Key word : Outpatient, information, system, development


Ventilation‐perfusion relationships (V̇A/Q̇) were studied during hip arthroplasty, using a multiple inert‐gas elimination technique. True shunt (V̇A/Q̇=0) increased on 10 out of 16 prosthesis‐anchoring occasions, while "low" V̇A/Q̇values (100) was unaltered. Cardiac output did not change. Pulmonary artery pressure fell and airway peak pressure rose by approximately 2 mmHg. It is possible that the blood flow is forced from non‐dependent to dependent lung regions by the altered pressure in airways and blood vessels, creating a "high" V̇A/Q̇ in upper and shunt regions and a "low" V̇A/Q̇ in lower lung regions.


In this paper we present a preliminary analysis performed during the first months of activity of the detector NINA on board the Resurs-01 n.4 satellite. NINA was launched on July, 1


A practical, analytical model of competitive strategy is developed for firms selling industrial products in international markets. Competitive launches, repositionings, and retaliations are modeled using per-dollar maps. The model is applied to three illustrative real cases based on actual industrial marketing situations in global settings.


On 15 November 2019, the Government of Samoa declared a state of emergency for the country due to a measles epidemic. The following six weeks were marked by closure of schools, prohibition of children at public gatherings, intensive immunization campaigns, curfews, and re-distribution of health resources and services to manage the overwhelming influx of measles patients. The state of emergency was lifted on the 29th of December 2019. According to the Joint WHO/UNICEF Pacific Islands Measles Outbreak Situation Report (8 January 2020), there was a total of 5697 measles cases (Total population of Samoa in 2016: 195000) [1]. There were 83 measles-related deaths, with 87% of these among children under 5 years of age. There were 1860 measles-related hospital admissions, and 95% of cases recovered and were discharged.


A multichip silicon-on-silicon packaging technology that incorporates laser-patterned thin-film interconnects is described. This technology is particularly suited for application in high-speed, high-power, high-I/O systems where it provides many advantages over more traditional methods. The laser-patterned thin-film interconnects allow higher I/O densities and better electrical performance than wire bonds or tape automated bonding (TAB). The face-up, thin-film eutectic die-attach technique used provides much lower thermal resistance between the substrate and the chips than solder bump die attach can achieve. In addition, laser-patterned interconnects demonstrate superior ruggedness and fatigue resistance under thermomechanical cycling and shock. This technology has been used to produce a 10-chip memory module, samples of which have been tested using relevant methods of MIL-STD 883C.<<ETX>>


The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of high voltage electrostatic field ageing on meat quality of beef.Six psoases major of left carcass of Simmental cattle were selected.Each sample was divided into two equal parts.One part was treated by high voltage electrostatic field aging(treatment group) and the other part was treated by normal aging(control group).Meat color,lipid peroxides(PV)and Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances(TBARS)were measured at 0,4,8,12,24,48 and72 h,and pH,Warner-Bratzler-Shear(WBS) and cooking loss were detected after 72 h aging.There is no significant differences in pH and cooking loss between the two treatments after 72 h aging.The Warner-Bratzler-Shear was significantly lower(P0.01) in treatment group(1.99 kg) than in control group(2.74 kg) at 72 h.The L and a* values of the beef is higher in treatment group than control group at all aging times except for 0 h.Compared with control group,the L values in treatment group were significantly higher at 12 and 72 h(P0.05),and the a* values in treatment group were significantly higher at 4,8,12 and 24 h(P0.05).The values of PV and TBARS were increased gradually during ageing time.Except for 0 hour,the values of PV and TBRAS were lower in treatment group than in control group.After 8 hour aging,the values of PV and TBRAS were significantly lower(P0.05) in treatment group than in control group at other ageing hours.After ageing 72 h,the values of PV and TBARS in treatment group were 226.96 and 104.42 μmol/kg,and in control group were 330.20 and 142.14 μmol/kg.In conclusion,the high voltage electrostatic field aging can improve the tenderness,meat color,and prevent lipid oxidation of beef,which will be helpful for meat quality and shelf time.


. . . not Lucius Quintus @c @c @c, but Lucas Quintus, not refusing to be called Lucius, because he simply eliminated that word from the name, not denying, declining the name itself, because he used three quarters of it; but simply taking the name and changing, altering it, making no longer the white man's but his own, by himself composed, himself selfprogenitive and nominate, by himself ancestored . . . —William Faulkner, Go Down, Moses