Studies onthefunction ofcircular RNAand RNAtopology invivo havebeenlimited bythedifficulty in expressing circular RNA ofdesired sequence. Toovercome this, thegroupIintron fromthephage T4dgenewassplit in aperipheral loop(L6a) andrearranged sothatthe3'half intron and3'splice site areuptramanda5'splice site and 5'half intron aredownstream ofasingle exon. ThegroupI splicing reactions excise theinternal exonRNAasacircle (RNA cyclase ribozyme activity). Weshowthat foreign sequences can beplaced intheexonandmadecircular invitro. Expression of suchconstructs (RNAcyclase ribozymes) inEschenchia colU andyeast results intheaccumulation ofcircular RNAinthese organisms. Inyeast, RNAcyclase ribozymes canbeexpressed fromaregulated promoter like anmRNA,containing 5'leader and3'trailer regions, andanuclear pre-mRNA intron. RNA cyclase ribozymes havebroad application toquestions ofRNA structure andfuuction including endrequirements forRNA transport orfunction, RNAtopology, efficacy ofantisense or ribozyme genecontrol elements, andthebiosynthesis ofex- tremely long polypeptides. Mostnatural RNA molecules arelinear andcontain special structures attheir ends. Other natural RNAsarecircular, but thebiological significance ofcircularity isnotclear. Circular viroids (1)andarchaeal introns (2)accumulate incells, but theexpectation that this isduetounusual stability invivo has beendifficult todemonstrate directly. Experiments togen- erate circular RNA andtest itsstability invivo(3,4)took advantage ofthecyclization reaction ofgroup Iintrons (5), producing circles thatstill contained thehighly structured group Icore. Thestability ofRNAsmadethis waycanbe demonstrated, butsince they carry ribozyme elements, the contributions ofsecondary structure andcircularity aredif- ficult todistinguish (3, 4). Tovarythekinds ofsequences that could bemadecircular andtobegin tostudy topological properties ofRNAreactions, wehaveusedsplicing reactions tomakeandtest circular RNA invitro andinvivo. Natural splicing usually takes place between upstream 5' splice sites anddownstream 3'splice sites. Unusual splicing events that join adownstream 5'splice site toanupstream 3' splice site would makeexonscircular. Experiments inwhich newfunctional introns aremadeartificially byjoining seg- mentsofdifferent natural pre-mRNAintrons demonstrate that nearly anypair of5'and3'splice sites arecompatible (6). Although abundant opportunity forsplicing ofupstream 3' splice sites todownstream 5'splice sites exists inmultiintron pre-mRNAtranscripts, suchevents areonlyveryrarely observed (7-9), arguing that there isarestriction preventing adownstream 5'splice site frombeing spliced toanupstream 3'splice site (10). Incontrast, theefficient trans-splicing reactions carried outbyderivatives ofgroup Iandgroup II


Since a delayed maturation of tetrahydrobiopterin (THB) synthesis might explain some observations of transient neonatal hyperphenylalaninemia, the aim of this work was to explore the ontogenesis of the biosynthesis of THB (the cofactor of phenylalanine-hydroxylase) by measuring unconjugated pteridines in amniotic fluid (AF). AF have been obtained from a total of 252 women between 12 and 40 weeks of normal gestation. Neopterin (N) and biopterin (B) were measured by a HPLC method after iodine oxidation at pH 1 and sample clean-up on ion-exchange resins.At midgestation N and B levels in AF (nmol/1) remained relatively constant between 12 and 27 weeks of gestation. On the contrary, during the third trimester a progressive increase in N and B levels was observed, highly correlated with gestation age and accompanied by an increase of N/B ratio indicating a fetal source of AF pteridines. However, a considerable scatter of values was noticed in preterm AF suggesting existence of great variation in individual maturation process.


The objective of this research was to gather information about capturing techniques used by the local communities in Kaur District. Respondents were chosen by using snowball sampling method. Variables observed were equipment used by respondents, the time and location of capturing red jungle fowl. The result showed that the equipment used by the respondents are food supplies (rice and water), weapons (machetes, knives, matches), and clothing (hats , jackets, trousers, raincoats) and red jungle fowl hooks, nets, racit, sangkek and bags. Most of respondents chose the location of luring jungle fowl in the plantation area.

Keywords: catching, equipment, red jungle fowl


Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been a significant system considerably exploited in numerous fields including medical, environmental, military and household applications. Yet, its high energy consumption and its potential fault vulnerability still their major drawback. Both of these issues require the implementation of fault distributed detection methods, capable of distinguishing faulty nodes from normal ones while minimizing energy. Thus, several approaches are proposed to detect these distributed errors, mentioning the Bayesian approach insuring the best choice of a proper sensor neighbourhood size n for best fault detection as well the energy conservation. In this paper, we define an energy minimization algorithm based on the Bayesian approach which ensures preventive sensor nodes pre-deployment against faults distribution. The Bayesian approach represents a study oscillating between Theory of Signal Detection (TSD), fault tolerance and energy minimization by determining the optimal parameters required to achieve this fault tolerance detection. This method includes the error probability due to the sensor itself which is included in the fault detection scheme thus the network will be more accurate. The experimental simulations will join a perceptive study allowing to the best choice of algorithm inputs then we will prouve that the proposed algorithm is able to provide a better detection performance while optimizing energy in WSN.


ortho-Halobenzamides such as compound 1a react in the presence of allene and base with catalytic amounts of palladium(0) complexes to form cyclopropanes such as 3a. This reaction is believed to proceed via an intermediate palladacyclobutane and is the first example of a noncarbon nucleophile attack on the centre carbon of an (η3-allyl)palladium complex leading, by reductive elimination, to cyclopropanes. The regiochemistry of the nucleophilic attack (central versus terminal carbon) depends on the nature of ligand and solvent as electron rich palladium complexes favour central carbon attack.


Advancement of an environment friendly, trustworthy, and speedy route for the production of Ag-NP using natural system is an essential urge in nanotechnology. Biological synthetic techniques are considered as a better alternative over other conventional methods. Silver is a safe inorganic element that is projected as 'next-gen' antimicrobial agent and had been extensively used against several bacterial strains from the ancient times. Here, we document a low-cost green synthesis approach for construction of Ag-NP using fruit extracted polysaccharide of Bruguiera cylindrica, a mangrove plant of Sundarban. During the investigation of GC-MS an adequate amount of glucose was found as major carbohydrate molecule in the extracted polysaccharide. Synthesised Ag-NP were also characteristically described by UV-Vis, DLS, TEM, EDAX, XRD and FTIR. The average diameter of the Ag-NP was 4.5 ± 1 nm. Additionally, antibacterial nature of Ag-NP was also find out against some of the pathogenic gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.


In classical mechanics, external constraints on the dynamical variables can be easily implemented within the Lagrangian formulation and form the basis for several interesting mechanical phenomena and devices. Conversely, the extension of this idea to the quantum realm, which dates back to Dirac, has proven notoriously difficult due to the non-commutativity of observables. Motivated by recent progress in the experimental control of quantum systems, we propose here an implementation of quantum constraints based on the idea of work protocols, which are dynamically engineered to enfore the constraints. As a proof of principle, we consider a quantum harmonic oscillator and show how the combination of two work protocols can be used to implement non-trivial constraints in quantum phase space which couple together the first and second moments of the quadrature operators. We find that such constraints affect the equations of motion for the system in a non-trivial way, inducing non-linear behavior and even classical chaos, although Gaussianity is preserved at all times. A discussion concerning the robustness of this approach to possible experimental errors is also presented.


Vulnerability mitigation and redundancy improvement are of the solutions for creating resilient distribution networks that aim to prevent the uncontrollable outage propagation. In this paper, a comparative study is proposed for optimal feeder routing problem and HV substation placement considering cost and resilience. In the first case, the network is planned based on cost minimization, and then the proposed resilience index is calculated for the planned network. While in the second case, the network is designed based on resilience enhancement, and afterward, the planned network cost is calculated. In the case of resilient-based planning, the studied area is divided into small sites with different wind speed to evaluate the geospatial characteristics of a hurricane. A fragility index is calculated for each distribution network component located at each site. Furthermore, in this paper, the effect of HV substation number as redundancy improvement is considered in cost and resilient based planning performance. Results show that with increasing of the HV substation number, the cost of feeder routing is less increased. While it has more effect on the improvement of the resilient performance index. The obtained results validate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed method.


In the first two decades of this century, when literary manifestoes were very much in vogue, the burning issue was that of cultural renewal: Was it to come from within, by reappropriating the past, or from without, by celebrating the present and incorporating its chaotic norms? Neo-classicists and symbolists squared off against Futurists and Expressionists. The revival of folklore, myth and metaphysics was countered by the supremacy of the masses, the machine and the psyche. One rarely thinks of editors and translators, those workhorses of the literary establishment, venturing forth into such treacherous terrain, but as Dov Sadan was the first to note,1 the Jewish centers of Odessa and Warsaw with Bialik at the head of one and Frischman at the head of the other, were divided over this very issue, and much of their competing energies were chan neled into the work of translation. Each was additionally in charge of the means of production?Bialik as editor-in-chief of the Dvir Publishing House and Frischman of Stiebel?so that policy was translated into the distribution of real books. Bialik's crowning achievement in this area, done in collaboration with Ravnitzky, was the ingathering and Hebraizing of rabbinic aggadah (Sefer ha'ag gadah, 1909), while Frischman produced a prodigious number of translations into Hebrew of everything from Oscar Wilde to Rabindranath Tagore. Bialik and Ravnitzky, not to be outdone, cast their Jewish net bilingually and promptly translated their magnum opus into Yiddish (Yidishe agodes, 1910). This tactic of recycling the past to fertilize the present was itself part of a recurrent pheno menon in Jewish literary history, for Khone Shmeruk reminds us of another time, in the Italian Renaissance, when all at once there appeared such classic


Global foreign direct investment (FDI) flows have increased rapidly over the last few decades. However, Ghana has not attracted much of this FDI. Investors are driven mostly by profit maximization and hence decisions to invest in an unfamiliar territory are often based on the economic and political conditions of this new territory. The current study investigates the effect of the state of governance and economic crises on FDI inflows to Ghana. Using time series data from 1960 to 2015, Vector Error Correction Mechanism results show that democratic governance has the tendency to positively influence FDI inflows while periods of economic crises are likely to reduce FDI inflows to Ghana in the long run. Depreciation of the Ghana Cedi reduces FDI inflows but market size has a positive influence on FDI inflows. Increase in labour skills and the level of openness have positive effects on FDI inflows. In the short run, economic crises in the last three years have negative effects on present FDI inflows while democratic governance in the past year positively influences FDI inflows. It is recommended that democratic governance should be maintained to enhance FDI inflows. Also, efforts to avoid economic crises especially institutional shocks absorbers are key to maintain FDI inflows to Ghana. JEL: P33, P45, E02, O55


In our previous study, we identified a population of adiponectin expressing regulatory T cells (Tregs) residing within thymic nurse cell complexes, which were capable of inhibiting the development of breast cancer in vitro. Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) with no proper treatment at present is characterized by the absence of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor‐2. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential of a cultured T cell fraction comprising adiponectin‐expressing Tregs, referred to as A‐TregTF (adiponectin‐expressing Treg‐containing T cell fraction), in inhibiting the progression of TNBC in vivo.


abstract We describe a case of mixed propranolol and tizanidine overdose and response to treatment with intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) in conjunction with glucagon therapy. A 35-year-old male was unresponsive after intentional overdose of propanolol and tizanidine. He was bradycardic, hypertensive, and obtunded on the first medical contact. He received glucagon with moderate improvement in heart rate, followed by a bolus of ILE. Minutes after receiving ILE he became alert and responsive, and had further improvement in heart rate. This case suggests that ILE may reverse the effects of propanolol and tizanidine toxicity in overdose.


Based on the P-SV wave reflection coefficient given by Zheng (1992) and Ramos (2001), another cross-plotting for the converted wave AVO analysis is presented in this paper. The analysis of AVO cross-plotting for P-SV wave indicates that P-SV wave has negative AVO slope and its slope is dependent merely on the change of the ratio of compressionaland shear-wave velocity, so this relation can be used to extract . Furthermore, P-SV wave


The present invention provides a method of stabilizing by the aroma of aroma-rich food and its products, reducing the amount of phenols derived from decomposition of polyphenols contained in the food and products. In the present invention, also describes the product with aroma-stabilized foodstuffs as well as the desired flavor. .BACKGROUND


Differential equations of air film in elastic bump foil journal bearing were deducted by the perturbation method with air lubrication Reynolds equation and series expansions of air film,air film thickness and foil deformation.The mathematics model of the relations among air film thickness,bump foil deformation and air film pressure was developed in consideration of air compressibility.Both finite difference method and Newton-Raphson method were applied to solve the coupled differential equations and air film thickness mathematics model equations,while the variation rules of air film stiffness and damping coefficients were achieved with different eccentricities,speeds,perturbation frequencies and different length-diameter ratios.This provides a basis for bump foil journal bearing design,optimization and theoretical and test analysis of rotor-elastic foil bearing system.The numerical results show that the main air film stiffness is enhanced when eccentricity and speed increase,and the value of air film stiffness and damping of bump foil journal bearing are connected strongly with the perturbation frequencies.


legal actions remains sufficiently predictable. Such predictions on legal conflicts have to be shared among economic actors to stabilize mutual expectations of behavior. This stability then helps to reduce legal risks. Predictability is not necessarily related to precise legal knowledge. It is sufficient to know when legal specialists have to get involved. Economic actors prepare for such situations by legal risk management measures, e.g. contracting legal services to monitor their economic activities. With the advent of EMs such a traditional approach has become insufficient. consensus, reliance on its capability to finally produce such consensus within an acceptable time for an acceptable time in the future is decreasing. Such difficulties not only occur in the context of IT but can be perceived in the reaction of law to technological change in general. However, the pressure on the performance of the legal system to simultaneously maintain stability (legal rules as a stable environment for economic strategies) and adaptability (adequate application of legal rules to each new individual case without the need to mobilize the complex mechanisms of changing the laws) has increased considerably. Changes in the legal environment are demanded to arrive faster and to last longer, to be finetuned and yet to remain sufficiently general, to appeal to local and sectoral customs and yet to be accepted beyond national jurisdictions.


An airborne laser tracker was designed around a two-level beam deflection system. An xy acoustooptic beam deflector provides high angular rate control of the l-mrad divergeBce helium-neon laser beam over a 0.8 degree square field of view. Wide angle pointing (20 azimuth and 50 elevation) is accomplished with a 2-axis mirror beam deflector. The out-going and return beams are coaxial. The angular accuracy is <.5 milliradian. The track-loop angular velocity is greater than one radian/second.


The ''effective'' relaxation time τ of isolated star polymers with excluded volume interactions in the Rouse model limit (i.e., disregarding hydrodynamic interactions present in real solvents) is studied varying both the number of arms f and the number of monomers per arm l. Here τ is defined from the response of the gyration radius of the star polymer to a Kramers potential that describes the effect of shear flow in lowest order in the shear rate. Monte Carlo simulations are performed with two different techniques (simple sampling with enrichment or dynamic Monte Carlo, respectively) for two different models (simple self‐avoiding walks with an extended core or the bond fluctuation model, respectively). It is proposed that the ratio τ(f,l)/τ(1,l) should be a universal function of f for large l, and the Monte Carlo data are used to test this hypothesis.


This paper concerns the limits of the estimation on the pavement elastic moduli using by handy FWD device (HFWD). The method of this study is three steps. The first step is that the surface deflections are measured by FWD (the dynamic weight 5 tf) and by HFWD (the dynamic weight 1 tf) at the same position on the same pavement. The next step is that the pavement layer moduli are estimated by the back calculation system "EBM" from the surface deflections by FWD and HFWD. The last step is that the limits of the estimation by using HFWD are investigated by the comparison of the pavement layer moduli by FWD and HFWD. It can be concluded the elastic modulus of surface asphalt layer (El) is almost estimated by HFWD and that modulus of the subgrade (E3) is not possible. If the error can be accepted, the modulus of the subbase (E2) is estimated.


In order to solve the distortion of wool geometric dimension,resulting from image binarization with weak contour,an automatic binarization algorithm for Charge-Coupled Device(CCD) wool image was proposed with reference to a ramp-width-reduction approach based on intensity and gradient indices,using a classical global threshold method and a local one.In that algorithm,edge-pixel-seeking step was added and gray-adjusting factor was improved,with sobel operator and ramp edge model introduced,to increase processing efficiency and avoid human intervention.Besides,every sub image was processed by the mixed global and local threshold based on the analysis of Otsu's and Bernsen's methods to intensify edge details and decrease distortion.Compared with the traditional ways,the experimental results show that the new algorithm has good performance in automatic binarization with weak contour.


Knowledge of lattice anharmonicity is essential to elucidate distinctive thermal properties in crystalline solids. Yet, accurate ab initio investigations of lattice anharmonicity encounter difficulties owing to the cumbersome computations. Here we introduce the phonon quasiparticle approach and review its application to various materials. This method efficiently and reliably addresses lattice anharmonicity by combining ab initio molecular dynamics and lattice dynamics calculations. Thus, in principle, it accounts for full anharmonic effects and overcomes finite-size effects typical of ab initio molecular dynamics. The validity and effectiveness of the current approach are demonstrated in the computation of thermodynamic and heat transport properties of weakly and strongly anharmonic systems.


Macular telangiectasia type 1 is usually characterized by a slowly progressive decrease in visual acuity in the 3–4 decade of life. Although MacTel usually manifests with a slowly progressive decrease in visual acuity in the fifth to seventh decades of life, younger patients may occasionally be diagnosed with the disease. Purpose. To present a clinical case of macular telangiectasia type 1 in an 8-year-old child. Material and methods. During a screening examination in one of the schools in the Kirovsky district of Ufa, an 8-year-old child was diagnosed with low vision in his left eye. The examination included a standard ophthalmological examination, as well as optical coherence tomography technology (Triton Topcon, Nidek Mirante, Japan). Fundus photography was performed on a Visucam fundus camera (Zeiss, Germany). Results. The left eye fundus showed microaneurysms, macular edema in the macular zone. According to OCT and OCT with laser scanning ophthalmoscopy, pathological changes in retinal structures were noted in the form of multiple cystic cavities of the neuroepithelium, deposits of small hyperreflective inclusions, intraretinal aneurysmal structures and violations of microangioarchitectonics and hypoperfusion zones. Conclusion. The clinical case demonstrates a rare form of macular telangiectasia type 1 in a child, complicated by cystic macular edema. For the diagnosis and monitoring of this disease, the use of optical coherence tomography with angio-mode is optimal, which is especially import ant when used in children. Key words: macular telangiectasia, OCT, macular edema, child


Objective: To investigate the clinical application of laparoscopic adrenalectomy in laparoscopic adrenalectomy. Methods: From Oct. 2001 to Aug. 2002, 9 patients underwent laparoscopic adrenalectomy, among whom 5 were diagnosed as primary aldosteronism, 3 were pheochromocytoma and 1 was Cushing′s syndrome. 9 cases all underwent successful laparoscopic operations. Operating time was 80~218 (128 0±58 6) min and average bleeding was 50~210 (96±43) ml. All patients did not receive blood transfusion and had no obvious complications. Conclusions: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy has the advantages of minimal morbidity, minimal postoperative discomfort and a short hospital stay. In hands of sophisticated endoscopists, laparoscopic adrenalectomy is feasible for the treatment of benign adrenal tumors and would be substitute for most open operations.


Patalganga-Amba estuarine ecosystem is opening to the southern part of Mumbai harbour, Raigad district of Maharashtra. Since it is one of the most productive and diverse ecosystem, the fishermen community belonging in this area are getting full or partial advantages of estuarine functions and services. There are more than 13 number of industries along the head water of Patalganga River, hydroelectric power station, Karanja boat jetty etc. are adversely affecting and making this ecosystem vulnerable to ecosystem degradation, eutrophication and decline of species abundance. On this background we studied the zooplankton abundance and seasonal distribution in relation with hydrological parameters, which are showing spatial and temporal variations. There were 14 groups of zooplankton identified with a density ranges from 6162 and 181155 no.x 103 L-1. Copepods and copepod nauplius were dominant followed by barnacle nauplius and foraminifera. The numerical density of zooplankton was positively correlated with phytoplankton abundance, temperature and pH and negatively correlated with salinity. Spatio-temporal variation of hydrological parameters influences the plankton distribution. H', J' and D based on zooplankton abundance ranged between 2.25, 0.874 and 1.25 respectively. The diversity indices were indicating the ecosystem was productive but observed a gradual decline while comparing with the previous studies.


Globally, the prevalence of overweight and obesity has shown a remarkable rise in last couple of decades, both among the children and adult sections of society. Initially thought to be a disease of the high-income nations, this disease is now showing its presence even in the poor income nations. Evaluation of the national health policies has revealed major shortcomings in the existing policies especially on the community level, owing to which the current strategies have not been successful in achieving the desired outcome. In order to reduce the prevalence of childhood obesity and to respond to the multiple identified challenges there is an indispensable need to formulate a multi-disciplinary strategy in collaboration with the multiple stakeholders. In conclusion, development of a comprehensive evidence-based strategy well supported with the health education campaign will definitely reduce the magnitude of the childhood obesity in the future years to come.


Steve Engle and Jerome Andrews of the Associated Locksmiths of America (ALOA) present here a profile they devised to instruct their board's nominating committee when seeking new members. In commenting on their purpose in developing this profile, Engle and Andrews observed, "Board members are trustees for the membership and consequently must bear initial responsibility for the integrity of governance. The board is responsible for its own development, its own job design, its own discipline, and its own performance".

Further, they said, and the board agreed, that "in order to recruit quality members to the ALOA board of directors, the board should be sure to let candidates know before they come on the board that the system used is Policy Governance. We must let our prospective new members know how the board sees the job of governance. They can then make an informed choice about their willingness to serve".


In tabular form by individual year, this report lays out the evolution of motor vehicle, bicycle, and pedestrian mobility in Japan. Key occurrences (major traffic laws and regulations; traffic and society; other societal changes and landmarks; and traffic statistics) are simultaneously displayed in a detailed timeline.


Submitted for the MAR06 Meeting of The American Physical Society Stochastic Rotation Dynamics: generalizations and applications for non-ideal fluids, binary mixtures and colloids THOMAS IHLE, Department of Physics, North Dakota State University, ERKAN TUZEL, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Minnesota, DANIEL KROLL, Department of Physics, North Dakota State University — A particle-based algorithm for the coarse-grained modeling of a fluctuating Solvent, namely Stochastic Rotation Dynamics (SRD), was recently introduced by Malevanets and Kapral[1]. This algorithm describes a fluid with an ideal gas equation of state and has been successfully applied to study polymers, colloids, and vesicles in flow. Here, we present generalizations of SRD for modeling fluids with non-trivial equations of state[2]. In particular, we show how to model a simple liquid with a non-ideal equation of state by incorporating excluded volume effects. We show the thermodynamic consistency of the model by independently measuring the pressure, density fluctuations and the speed of sound and compare with analytical results. This idea is extended to model binary mixtures with a miscibility gap; and the phase diagram of such a mixture will be presented. Furthermore, colloids are included in the SRD solvent and results for colloidal suspensions driven by external forces will be shown. [1] A. Malevanets, R. Kapral, J. Chem. Phys. 110, 8605 (1999). [2] T. Ihle, E. Tuzel, D. M. Kroll, cond-mat/0509631. Thomas Ihle Department of Physics, North Dakota State University Date submitted: 30 Nov 2005 Electronic form version 1.4


Carbonate rocks are both source rocks and reservoir rocks. Therefore, it is very difficult for us to deter-mine if they are reservoir rocks and contain hydrocarbons having migrated from other source rocks. But it is very important in decision making of oil exploration whether the oil in carbonate rocks is generated in situ or is transported from other sources. This paper describes the source identification method of hydrocarbons in car-bonate rocks with the Rock-Eval technology. Meanwhile, we also show the indicators of source identification for carbonate rocks including the oil potential identification parameter, P, Tmax and free hydrocarbon content S1. The Coqen basin in Tibet is an example of the hydrocarbon source identification for carbonate rocks. It has been proven that it is reliable to use the Rock-Eval technology to determine the carbonate rocks containing mi-grating hydrocarbons.


Objective:To assess the value of multi-slice CT (MSCT) and post process technique in evaluation of the post-transplantation complications of abdominal viscera.Methods:Seven patients underwent abdominal visceral transplantation (simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation in 3,simultaneous liver-kidney transplantation in 1,hepatic transplantation in 1,kidney transplantation in 2) were scanned with a MSCT scanner (GE Light 16 CT 99OCO) with a slice-thickness of 10mm before and after contrast material administration with a power injector.Source images were reconstructed into images with slice-thickness of 1.25mm and were transferred to a workstation with which post process was conducted.Results:In 7 donor kidneys,CT showed normal in 4,mild acute rejection in 1,stenosis of anastomosis between right internal iliac artery and renal artery in 1 and occlusion of segmental renal artery in 1.Of 2 donor livers and 3 donor pancreases,no abnormalities were found with MSCT.Conclusion:MSCT and post process can demonstrate most of the complications after transplantations of abdominal viscera.


The second MFO Oberwolfach Workshop on Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) took place between 2nd and 8th June 2019. MINLP refers to one of the hardest Mathematical Programming (MP) problem classes, involving both nonlinear functions as well as continuous and integer decision variables. MP is a formal language for describing optimization problems, and is traditionally part of Operations Research (OR), which is itself at the intersection of mathematics, computer science, engineering and econometrics. The scientific program has covered the three announced areas (hierarchies of approximation, mixed-integer nonlinear optimal control, and dealing with uncertainties) with a variety of tutorials, talks, short research announcements, and a special "open problems" session. Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 9006, 90C11, 90C22, 90C26, 90C30. Introduction by the Organisers This report refers to the second workshop on MINLP organized at Oberwolfach. We refer to the report following the first workshop [4] for a somewhat longer definition of MINLP. In summary, MINLP is one of the most general classes of MP, which is itself a formal language used to describe optimization problems in terms of parameters (the input of the problem), decision variables (which will contain the output after the solution procedure), an objective function to be optimized, and some constraints to be satisfied. The workshop was organized in 5 tutorial talks (one per day, one hour long, including 15 minutes for questions), 21 "normal" talks (45 minutes long, including 15 minutes for questions), 11 short research announcements (SRA — 15 minutes 2 Oberwolfach Report 26/2019 long, including 5 minutes for questions), and one open problems session proposing 9 new open problems in the field of MINLP, and attended by everyone at the workshop. The discussion after practically all talks was lively and filled with questions from many attendees. As Oberwolfach tradition warrants, we spent Wednesday afternoon hiking towards a scrumptious Schwarzwälderkirschtorte in St. Roman, a little more than 8km away from the Institute.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a method of producing polyalkenyl acylating agents. The method involves reaction of reactive polyalkene whose number-average molecular weight Mn ranges from 500 to 5000, containing terminal vinylidene groups in an amount greater than or equal to 30%, with enofil at temperature higher than 180°C. The reaction takes place while heating for a period of time which is sufficient for converting over 15% of terminal vinylidene groups. The reaction must complete while heating in the presence of a reaction accelerator. The reaction accelerator is a Lewis acid selected from a tin, zinc, aluminium or titanium halide of formula MX y , where M denotes a metal, X denotes a halogen, for example chlorine, bromine or iodine, and y ranges from 2 to 4. Enofil is selected from a group comprising fumaric acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, cinnamic acid and corresponding anhydrides or corresponding C 1 -C 4 -alkyl ethers. EFFECT: short reaction time, relatively high output of the product and high degree of functionalisation. 13 cl, 7 tbl, 3 ex


IMPLICATIONS OF A FAMILY SYSTEMS ORIENTATION FOR PREVENTING PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITALIZATION James Howard Bullock Virginia Consortium For Professional Psychology, 1987 Director: Dr. Glenn Shean, W&M The present study evaluated the implications of a family systems approach for preventing psychiatric hospitalization by comparing the behavior of field clinicians who professed a systems view versus clinicians who held more traditional nonsystems views. The focus of the investigation was the clinical assessments and decisions of 31 clinicians who worked at five Virginia public mental health centers as they prescreened (ie., evaluated need for inpatient treatment) 171 candidates for hospitalization. Q-technique was employed to determine theoretical orientation. It was hypothesized that clinicians who held a systems view would be more likely than nonsystems therapists to evaluate and attempt to organize c lients' social context and to contact and organize the input of relevant professional helpers. They were expected to be less likely to involve physicians, use medical or psychodiagnostic procedures, or refer clients to sheltered treatment/support facilities. Most importantly, they were expected to recommend hospitalization less often and emphasize aspects of clients' R eproduced with perm ission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without perm ission. social context in their decision-making. If hospitalized, their clients were expected to have shorter stays. The results indicated that clinician behavior, clinician decision-making, and client disposition all reflected elements of systems and nonsystems views. While systems therapists placed greater emphasis on approaches that were consistent with their point of view, they also employed methods and were influenced by factors (eg., symptom severity, diagnosis) that were inconsistent with professed orientation. Further, they hospitalized clients no less frequently than nonsystems therapists and their clients spent the same amount of time in the hospital during the 30 days following prescreening. The results are discussed in terms of the exportability of the method outside the training institute. R eproduced with perm ission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without perm ission.


Appliing analysis method of failure tree,the article analyzes the fault tree of certain radar transmitter,and educes the probability that leads to abnormal operation of the transmitter,then analyzes the importance degree of each basic event.According to the analysis,the designer will focuse these basic events during the design process,thus the reliability and safety of the transmitter will be improved essentially in design phase.


Changes in DNA methylation (DNAm) are linked to aging. Here, we profile highly conserved CpGs in 339 predominantly female mice belonging to the BXD family for which we have deep longevity and genomic data. We use a 'pan-mammalian' microarray that provides a common platform for assaying the methylome across mammalian clades. We computed epigenetic clocks and tested associations with DNAm entropy, diet, weight, metabolic traits, and genetic variation. We describe the multifactorial variance of methylation at these CpGs, and show that high fat diet augments the age-associated changes. Entropy increases with age. The progression to disorder, particularly at CpGs that gain methylation over time, was predictive of genotype-dependent life expectancy. The longer-lived BXD strains had comparatively lower entropy at a given age. We identified two genetic loci that modulate rates of epigenetic age acceleration (EAA): one on chromosome (Chr) 11 that encompasses the Erbb2/Her2 oncogenic region, and a second on Chr19 that contains a cytochrome P450 cluster. Both loci harbor genes associated with EAA in humans including STXBP4, NKX2-3, and CUTC. Transcriptome and proteome analyses revealed associations with oxidation-reduction, metabolic, and immune response pathways. Our results highlight concordant loci for EAA in humans and mice, and demonstrate a tight coupling between the metabolic state and epigenetic aging.


Flipping the educational system is about subverting stale and unproductive hierarchies. It is about teachers being trusted, agentic professionals with a voice in policy and practice. In their argument for democratising education reform, Jelmer Evers and Rene Kneyber outline the need for "replacing top-down accountability with bottom-up support for teachers." Cultures of fear and compliance are negative and unproductive drivers for individual and organisational development. Too much education reform remains top-down, imposed on schools without drawing on or supporting the development of capacities within the system. Mechanistic high stakes accountability, standardisation, and bureaucratisation are accepted as the means of controlling the unwieldy system. In Australia and around the world, we need to galvanise and embolden our profession to be active agents in their own contexts and the wider education landscape, to not just flip the system but also to renew it.


This diploma thesis discusses the effect of clouds under arctic conditions on the energy balance at ground and the impact on sea ice and snow conditions. To calculate the energy balance is used an one-dimensional sea ice model from Andreas Lehmann. He is a scientist at the IFM-GEOMAR in the field of research "theory and modelling ". The model for this thesis is taken from the threedimensional and dynamic ice model BSIOM(Jacob et al. (2006)).

The energy balance is made up of incoming solar radiation with the surface albedo, the outgoing and incoming longwave radiation and the latent and sensible heat flux. The radiation flux dominate the energy balance in the Arctic. Therefore at first several parameterizations for incoming shortwave radiation and longwave counter-radiation are analysed with data from the expedition ARK-XXIV/3 of the research vessel Polarstern. For the analysis are put parameterizations for the global radiation from Zillman (1972), Shine (1984), Bennett (1982) and Shine/Bennett.
Parameterizations by Maykut und Church (1973), Zillman (1972), Konig-Langlo und Augstein (1994), Konzelmann et al. (1994) and Zapadka et al. (2007) are used for the study of the longwave counter-radiation.
The parameterizations of shortwave radiation can reflect the rough diurnal variations in global radiation. Nevertheless, there are considerable differences between observation and parameterization, if direct sunlight arrives ground under a high degree of cloud cover and it comes to short-term increase in radiation. These increases can not be reproduced by any of the parameterizations. In principle, the parameterizations tend to overestimate low values of shortwave radiation and to underestimate high values.
The parameterizations of longwave counter-radiation have significant problems to reflect the diurnal variation of the measured values on some days. Especially after sunrise and before sunset are often the coverages of clouds from the cloud detection algorithms be misinterpreted on the sky imager photos. In these cases the differences between the values of parameterization and observation can be more than 100 W/m2.
The analyses of the calculated energy balances with the one-dimensional sea ice model for three locations in the Arctic in the years 2006 to 2009 shows that clouds have a major influence on the radiation balance. Therefore several sensitivity studies are carried out. The sea ice and snow change under different cloud conditions, thus the surface albedo varies. Clouds effect a weakening of shortwave radiation in the Arctic summer. However they provide an all-season increase in longwave counter-radiation. The longwave radiation dominates the energy balance at ground in the Arctic, which is reflected in the model results of the ice thickness. The sea ice is thicker at the end of the year in case of an all-season cloudless sky as a continuous covered sky.


The important difference between research and nonresearch art therefore seems predicated on the fact that nonresearch art sets out from established values, whereas research art seeks to establish those values and its own self as a value. Indeed, the first aesthetics that dealt with the very problem of art and its place among the activities of the spirit were born when art was first posited as research and when it first undertook to explore itself. (Argan 154)


: Generic defined as a multiple-victim homicide incident in which the killer's spouse and one or more children are slain, familicide is an atypical crime, with little incidence compared to other acts of domestic violence. In the present article, we will list several psychological and social features identified in the literature as common to aggressors in familicide cases. Given the fact that familicide acts are almost exclusively committed by men, we will assume that the aggressor is a man and the victim a woman. We will analyze data on the age, social status of the author and the victim, and their relationships. We will also analyze the contextual factors, the characteristics of the crime (modus operandi, premeditation, place of the deed), and the prevalence of mental health problems, relationship problems, and financial difficulties. As the scientific literature on the topic is relatively scarce, due to the low number of cases and the fact that access to relevant information is often restricted because of the confidentiality of legal and health documents, we will carry out a case study of a familicide that took place in Romania in 2018, focusing on the analysis of motivational factors and the pre-existing conditions, without claim of a comprehensive conclusion.


Objectives To explore the role of CD8+T lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of viral myocarditis. Methods Seventy 4-week-old Balb/c male mice were randomly divided into two groups,normal control group(n = 15)and virus infected group(n = 55). The mice in normal control group were inoculated with 0.15 ml of Eagle's solution, while the mice in virus infected group with 0.15 ml(TCID50,109/ml) of coxasckievirus B3(CVB3). Three normal mice and 8 infected mice were sacrificed on Days 7,10,14,21,28 post inoculation(p.i.). Heart tissues were fixed,dehydrated,embedded in paraffin,sectioned and stained by HE. Histopathologic changes were studied by light microscopy and myocardial histopathologic scores were recorded. The presence of CD8+ T lymphocyte in myocardium was determined by immunohistochemistry. Terminal transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL)assay was used to determine apoptosis in cardiomyocyte. The percentage of CD8+ T lymphocyte in infiltrating cells was enumerated by counting under light microscopy. Results In the virus infected group,the myocardial histopathologic scores,the apoptosis in cardiomyocytes and the expression of CD8+ T lymphocyte peaked on Day 10 and 14 p.i. Significant positive correlation was observed between the expression of CD8+ T lymphocytes and both the myocardial histopathologic scores(r = 0.88,P 0.01=and cardiomyocyte apoptosis(r = 0.86,P 0.01=. Conclusions CD8+ T lymphocytes might cause apoptosis-induced myocyte injury and play a major role in viral myocarditis.


A general model for fiber directional coupler with fiber gratings in its arms is presented.The characteristics of the model have been analyzed with transfer matrix method and coupled mode theory.The output expression of any arm of the model is obtained when input is from an arm.Fiber grating filter with high isolation and narrow bandwidth using fiber directional coupler and fiber gratings is proposed.The influence of relative structure parameter on the model characterization is analyzed and the optimum structure parameter is obtained.


Mixture comprises thidiazuron and one or more herbicidal compounds including oxyacetamide. An independent claim is included for a defoliating agent comprising the above mixture and one or more formulation auxiliary agent. ACTIVITY : None given. MECHANISM OF ACTION : None given.


Soon after the phenomenon of no crossing-over in the male was discovered, it was pointed out (Muller 1914, 1918), that this circumstance must lead to the accumulation of recessive mutations, and even losses of some genes and duplications of others, in any chromosome which, like the Y, is constantly carried in heterozygous condition in a sex in which no crossing-over occurs. The lack of active genes in the Y was thus interpreted. It was then taken for granted, however, that the visible material of the Y chromosome was of a nature fundamentally similar to that composing the bulk of other chromosomes, and consisted of more or less inactivated genes together with the usual amount of accessory chromatin and other substances that may normally accompany genes in the chromosome as seen at metaphase. When later it was shown (Muller and Painter, 1932), that the X chromosome had a similarly inert region, homologous to that of a part of the Y, it was concluded that the former had probably been derived from the latter by a kind of translocation, and it was naturally assumed that the inert region of the X, like that of the Y, consisted of inactivated or "degenerated" chromatin. At this later date, it was, to be sure, realized that the chromosome material of both the Y and XI (the inert region of the X), might really be relatively devoid of genes, rather than full of degenerated genes, and that the actual gene-string in the inert regions might therefore be much smaller, in proportion to the bulk of visible chromatin, than it was in the "active" regions of the chromatin. But it was found by Oliver (1932) that, in the case of inversions, breaks probably occur in the inert region, as compared with the active region of the X, in somewhat the same ratio as that which the bulk of the inert region as seen at metaphase bears to the bulk of the active region (further evidence of this sort will be referred to below), and this was taken by Muller and Oliver as an indication that the inert and active regions were probably constituted in a similar way, an inert region


The relation between parental rearing behaviour and cognitive distortions (according to Beck's theory of depression) in adult life has been examined in a sample of 185 depressed inpatients.

Especially such parental rearing factors as rejection, maternal shaming and guilt-engendering, tolerance, affection and stimulating showed highly significant correlations with the factors de-pressogenic Information processing, perfectionistic attitudes and self-esteem depending on the approval of others from the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale (DAS). The results both confirm aspects of cognitively-oriented diathesis-stress models and of the integrative vulnerability model by Perris.


Prince Vladimir refused to accept Western Christianity, because his ancestors the Varangians were the western Slavs, who are not taking Christianity of German model.


We report on the confirmation that the candidate transits observed for the star EPIC 211525389 are due to a short-period Neptune-sized planet. The host star, located in K2 campaign field 5, is a metal-rich ([Fe/H] = 0.26$\pm$0.05) G-dwarf (T_eff = 5430$\pm$70 K and log g = 4.48$\pm$0.09), based on observations with the High Dispersion Spectrograph (HDS) on the Subaru 8.2m telescope. High-spatial resolution AO imaging with HiCIAO on the Subaru telescope excludes faint companions near the host star, and the false positive probability of this target is found to be <$10^{-6}$ using the open source vespa code. A joint analysis of transit light curves from K2 and additional ground-based multi-color transit photometry with MuSCAT on the Okayama 1.88m telescope gives the orbital period of P = 8.266902$\pm$0.000070 days and consistent transit depths of $R_p/R_\star \sim 0.035$ or $(R_p/R_\star)^2 \sim 0.0012$. The transit depth corresponds to a planetary radius of $R_p = 3.59_{-0.39}^{+0.44} R_{\oplus}$, indicating that EPIC 211525389 b is a short-period Neptune-sized planet. Radial velocities of the host star, obtained with the Subaru HDS, lead to a 3\sigma\ upper limit of 90 $M_{\oplus} (0.00027 M_{\odot})$ on the mass of EPIC 211525389 b, confirming its planetary nature. We expect this planet, newly named K2-105 b, to be the subject of future studies to characterize its mass, atmosphere, spin-orbit (mis)alignment, as well as investigate the possibility of additional planets in the system.


Semi-analytical models are used to simulate the response of cylindrical geometry electroquasistatic dielectrometry sensors. Fourier-Bessel series methods in combination with collocation point numerical techniques are used to generate accurate sensor simulations. The validity of the model is confirmed experimentally, where the combined response of two circularly symmetric dielectric sensors with different depths of penetration is used to simultaneously measure the permittivity and liftoff of a dielectric from the sensor surface.


Challenging the main reason that people decide to go to chiropractors, new research shows that spinal manipulations ease back pain no better than specialised physiotherapy and only slightly better than doing nothing at all.

The findings of the study, led by researchers from the University of Washington, are contrary to the growing acceptance of chiropractic spinal manipulation as a treatment for acute lower back pain. In recent years, federal health officials in the United States have endorsed such treatment, and many US insurance companies now pay for it.

The research tracked 321 patients diagnosed with back pain …


A new Discovery Zone at Tockwith Show will allow young visitors to witness the beginnings of life as chicks hatch live during the show. Organised by ...


In one aspect of the present invention, an exemplary nonvolatile memory device in the program mode and read-out mode it is published. The memory device has a memory cell array having a plurality of nonvolatile memory cells, a plurality of word lines and plurality of bit lines. The memory device further includes a page buffer that is functionally connected between the bit lines within the data output lines and the memory cell array, for outputting data read out from the bit lines of the memory array with the internal data output line . The page buffer latches the input path and the setting the logic voltage of the latch nodes from the latch circuit, the programming mode and a read mode having a latch node being selectively connected to the sense node, the sense node being selectively connected to the bit line isolated from the latch input path and, according to the logic voltage of the latch node and a latch output path set to a logical voltage of the internal data output line. Page Furber, nonvolatile, semiconductor, memory, a latch


We study how a chiral tricritical point (TCP) on QCD phase diagram is affected by the imbalance of up and down quark densities (isospin density), using the generalized Ginzburg–Landau (GL) approach. The resulting phase diagram near TCP shows a rich fine structure which includes inhomogeneities of both the chiral and the charged pion condensations. It turns out that the TCP splits into multicritical points.


A kind of the front target vehicle image recognition method was put forward based on monocular vision and longitudinal safety distance control method.The target vehicle video image wavelet fractal characteristics was utilized to finish image recognition,the particle filter for real-time dynamic tracking test results were used.On this basis,combining with monocular machine vision perception technology measurement of longitudinal distance,the longitudinal safety distance control model was estabtished,the simulation analysis was carriedon.Experimental results show that this method effectively ease the contradiction between detection accuracy and real-time performance for target vehicle image detection,it not only guarantees the driving safety,but also combines the traffic capacity.


The patients treated with EES were older, presented more frequently with acute myocardial infarction, and had more complicated lesions than the other groups. The EES group demonstrated a higher incidence of all-cause mortality than the SES group and a lower incidence of TVR than the BMS group. Multivariate adjustment demonstrated that BMS was associated with higher TVR and MACE risk than EES (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] for TVR: 2.02 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11 to 3.67]; adjusted HR for MACE: 2.15 [95% CI: 1.36 to 3.42]); that SES had a clinical outcome similar to that of EES, and that PES had a higher risk of MACE than did EES (adjusted HR: 1.57 [95% CI: 1.02 to 2.44]). Conclusions This study suggests that the use of EES in an unselected population may be as safe as and more effective than BMS, may be as safe and effective as SES, may be as safe as PES, and may be more effective than PES.


This thesis was carried out at Atlas Copco Industrial Technique in Nacka, Sweden. Atlas Copco is a world leading manufacturer of industrial tools for a wide range of industries. One application is ...


Background: To win the ongoing battle against the emerging coronavirus, new strategies are needed for reliable diagnosis and more effective treatment, which requires a better understanding of disease biology. This study aimed to determine the changes in Substance P (SP), and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) serum levels as a result of SARS-COV-2infection, and to correlate these changes with the pathophysiological events affecting the severity of the disease. Patients and Methods: Serum levels of SP and CGRP were measured for 20 healthy volunteers assigned as controls, and 64 COVID-19-positive patients, subdivided according to disease severity, into 3 groups assigned as asymptomatic (n = 19), hospitalized (n = 24), and ICU admitted (n = 21) groups. The results were statistically compared between the studied groups. Results: The serum levels of SP were significantly elevated in COVID-19 patients (P<0.001) when compared to the control samples, with significant increases between COVID-19 groups due to disease severity. On the other hand, serum levels of CGRP in COVID-19 patients, were greatly decreased (P<0.001) as compared to normal controls, with no effect driven by disease severity Conclusion: SP and/or CGRP can be measured as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in SARS-COV-2 infection. Adjusting CGRP level in COVID-19 patients is very important for proper angiogenesis, powerful immune response, and good epithelial repair, so may represent a novel therapeutic approach. Also, targeting NK-1Rs or TRPV-1, could modulate the inflammatory and immune responses in COVID-19, leading to better disease outcomes. © 2022, Ain Shams University Faculty of Medicine. All rights reserved.


Abstract We present the first experimentally determined oscillator strengths for the Pb ii transitions at 1203.6 Å and 1433.9 Å, obtained from lifetime measurements made using beam-foil techniques. We also present new detections of these lines in the interstellar medium from an analysis of archival spectra acquired by the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph onboard the Hubble Space Telescope. Our observations of the Pb ii λ1203 line represent the first detection of this transition in interstellar gas. Our experimental f-values for the Pb ii λ1203 and λ1433 transitions are consistent with recent theoretical results, including our own relativistic calculations, but are significantly smaller than previous values based on older calculations. Our new f-value for Pb ii λ1433 (0.321 ± 0.034) yields an increase in the interstellar abundance of Pb of 0.43 dex over estimates based on the f-value listed by Morton. With our revised f-values, and with our new detections of Pb ii λ1203 and λ1433, we find that the depletion of Pb onto interstellar grains is not nearly as severe as previously thought, and is very similar to the depletions seen for elements such as Zn and Sn, which have similar condensation temperatures.


Based on domestic and international practice as well as the reality of Tangshan,the indicator system and evaluation model of circular economy evaluation in Tangshan are proposed via systems analysis.The paper makes a principal components analysis to the primary data via SAS;Next,this paper analyzes the worked data via AHP(analytic hierarchyprocess)as well as illuminates the key principles of the AHP,and that,the sort and range of circular economy development of Tangshan was obtained;Finally,this paper appraises the circular economy development of Tangshan synthetically.


The honey bee is an important economic and domesticated insect. This insect has been gaining attention as a potential nutritional source in different parts of the world. This study therefore evaluated the nutritional and anti-nutritional composition of the tissue of honey bees, Apis mellifera adansonii, from the rainforest, guinea savannah and derived savannah zones of Nigeria. Honey bee samples were collected from fully colonised colonies of two different apiaries each from the rainforest, guinea and derived savannah zones of Nigeria for chemical analyses. Proximate, minerals composition, vitamin and secondary metabolites composition were estimated using standard methods. The levels of proximate compositions (fat, ash, crude fibre, crude protein and carbohydrate contents), minerals, vitamins and secondary metabolites recorded in the honey bees from the three ecological zones were not significantly different. Potassium, chloride and calcium respectively were higher in the honey bee tissue than the other minerals tested. However, the level of phytate was higher in the honey bee samples than the regulatory safe level. Based on the results of this study, honey bees from the studied ecological zones of Nigeria are equally nutritious.


ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation induced at programmed stimulation and delayed potentials detected on the signalaveraged electrocardiograms of survivors of myocardial infarction. Circulation 1986;74:731-745 4. Mukharji J, Rude FE, Poole K, MILIS Study Group: Risk factors for sudden death following acute myocardial infarction: Two-years follow-up. Am J Cardiol 1984;54:31-36 5. Bigger JT, Fleiss JL, Rolnitzky LM, Multicenter Postinfarction Research Group: Prevalence, characteristics and significance of ventricular tachycardia detected by 24-hour continuous electrocardiographic recordings in the late hospital phase of acute myocardial infarction. AmJ Cardiol 1986;58:1151-1160 6. Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST) Investigators: Preliminary report: Effect of encainide and flecainide on mortality in a randomized trial of arrhythmia suppression after myocardial infarction. N Engi J Med 1989;321:406-412 7. Kuck K, Costard A, Schluter M, Kunze K: Significance of timing programmed electrical stimulation after acute myocardial infarction. JAm Coll Cardiol 1986;8:1279-1288 8. Bandari AK, Au PK, Rose JS, Kotlewski A, Blue S, Rahimtoola SH: Decline in inducibility of sustained ventricular tachycardia from two to twenty weeks after acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol 1987;59:284-290


Abstract Minsky and Papert claim that, for any positive integer n, there exist predicates of order 1 whose conjunction and disjunction have order greater than n. Their proof is amended and a stronger result obtained of which their claim is a special case.


The quench voltage, especially the turn-to-turn voltage, and the maximal temperature rise due to the quench in 50-mm-aperture Superconducting Super Collider collider correctors are calculated for various currents. The calculation shows a lower copper-to-superconductor ratio gives a lower quench voltage and a lower temperature rise as the result of much higher heat capacity of the superconducting material and lower copper resistivity at lower temperature. It also shows that when the copper to superconductor ratio is 2.2 to 1, each individually powered magnet is self-protected, and for the series of 24 correctors that are powered together in the collider, a parallel 2/spl Omega/ resistor on each magnet will provide needed protection. The energy loss on these resistors during powering up is less than 5% of the energy stored in the magnet at the operating current.<<ETX>>


During the bridge drilling borehole cast-in-place concrete pile construction there are many factors that affect the quanlity which may cause quanlity accidents. So in the construction course various factors must be considered and strick administration measures must be adopted to improve the quanlity and decrease loss.


: This paper proposes a new method of describing a self-occlusive human motion, particularly in the depth direction, which has been considered little in the motion/action recognition studies to date in spite of its importance in our daily life. A Motion History Image (MHI) is a well-known method of describing a motion by a single gray value image, but it suffers from a self-occlusion problem in which present motion overwrites past motion. To solve this difficulty, a Reverse description MHI (RMHI) is proposed in the paper. RMHI and the original MHI are both employed for motion representation in the proposed method; the former for approach motion, whereas the latter for leave motion. In the experiment on motion recognition, motions are described by RMHI or MHI according to motion direction, transformed then to Hu moment vectors, and finally recognized employing the k-nearest neighbor. Experimental results show effectiveness of the RMHI description.


Antibiotic are among the commonly administered drugs in many hospitals and over dependence on antibiotics is regarded among the many reasons for the rising trend of resistance observed among different pathogens (Gonçalves et al., 2016). All over the world grave concern has been expressed about the increase in the numbers of organisms that are multi-drug resistant (HimaLerible et al., 2003; Howladar and Gandhi, 2016) and the difficulty encountered in their treatment. The high increase in numbers of International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 5 (2017) pp. 193-201 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


Tests have been conducted on two MoS2 -base solid-film lubricants, one containing gold and sodium silicate and the other containing bismuth and aluminum phosphate, having potential for application under severe environmental conditions. The lubricant with gold was applied to test races of 440 C steel and Rene 41 and exposed with a reactor to 1.5 × 1011 ergs/g(C) of gamma and 8.2 × 1016 neutrons/cm2 (E > 0.1 MeV). The test specimens were subsequently evaluated in sliding-wear tests at temperatures as high as 1200 deg F. Both lubricants were tested in vacuum (∼10−6 torr) and in air on size R-3 ball bearings, which were run at 6000 rpm in servomotors. No significant radiation effects were detected with the MoS2 :Au lubricant on 440 C steel in tests at room temperature and 600 deg F. In tests at room temperature, 600 deg F, and 1200 deg F on Rene 41, the data indicated a possible radiation effect at 600 deg F but not at the other temperatures. In two vacuum tests on bearings, the MoS2 :Au lubricant gave a mean running time of about 110 h. The MoS2 :Bi film gave a mean life of 96 h in the first test and 853 h in the second test.


With project reality,the short-hole delay millisecond blasting in-hole and the cavity charging blasting technique in the complex environment was adopted to reduce the demolition vibration value of road rock slope,the slope stability and periphery the building security are ensured,and the blasting effect is completely achieved to meet the project request.


Abstract With rapid development of high-power electromechanical actuator, the conventional cooling technologies become hard to meet the requirement of heat dissipation, the minichannel heat sink using supercritical cryogenic propellant methane is proposed for high power electromechanical actuator's thermal control in flight vehicles, withstanding the extreme ambient of flight vehicles like gravity acceleration and replacing the air-cooled method under the rarefied atmosphere. However, the optimal working patterns especially considering both the factors of geometric and operation conditions need to be investigated thoroughly due to the complicated heat transfer mechanism of supercritical methane in minichannel of heat sink. Therefore, in the present article, based on the actual configuration of IGBT power module in flight vehicle actuator, the numerical models of minichannel heat sink under various cross sections with the same aspect ratio and hydraulic diameter, namely triangle, trapezoid, and rectangle, are established with the overall region of 50 mm × 100mm. The hydraulic diameter of fluid region in single channel is 1.5 mm, the size of solid region for computational domain is 3 mm × 5 mm (width × height) and the material is silicon. The overall channel number is 17, the inlet Reynolds number covers from 500 to 1500 and the operation pressure ranges 5 MPa to 7 MPa, while the ratio of mass flux to heat flux keeps constant. On this basis, the thermal performance, in especial the local heat transfer features of supercritical methane in minichannel heat sinks under three different geometric configurations of cross section is researched.


The issue of ticket touting has recently become a very visible one with the advent of online trading environments such as eBay and a growth generally of the secondary ticket market. The Government has expressed concern about the issue and has recently held four ticket touting summits with leading ticket agencies, theater producers, music promoters, eBay, and sporting governing bodies amongst others. Ticket touting was originally criminalized for football in the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994, and those provisions have been fortified recently in the Violent Crime Reduction Act 2006. This article critically evaluates the arguments for criminalizing touting, particularly through the imposition of strict liability, and argues that the Government should have considered the case for decriminalization or, at the very least, amended the provisions to make them fairer for football fans.


The electric power propulsion is becoming the important development direction of ship propulsion technology recent years, as it is conducive to the realization of automation, intelligence, reduced noise, enhanced propulsion efficiency, high power density, flexible arrangement, and energy saving. The good fault‐tolerant capacity and robustness of the fault‐tolerant permanent magnet motor (FTPMM) make it a potentially highly effective and economical propulsion motor in the electric power propulsion ship than other alternatives. In this paper, the structure and mathematical model of FTPMM are analyzed and the improved sliding mode observer (SMO) is constructed according to the deviation between the observed currents and actual currents. Combined with model reference adaptive control (MRAC) method and the phase‐lock loop (PLL), the switch function is replaced by the continuous Sigmoid function to reduce the chattering and finally the rotor position estimated accuracy is improved. When the motor winding open‐circuit and short‐circuit fault occur, the current vector fault‐tolerant control strategy is introduced into the improved SMO algorithm, and the rotor position is estimated accurately under faulty conditions. Finally, the proposed improved SMO position estimation algorithm under healthy and faulty conditions is verified in Matlab/Simulink. The FTPMM position sensorless technology would play a critical role in the electric power propulsion ship, and may have a profound impact on the high‐performance advanced ships and green shipping industry as well. © 2022 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.


The scope of this paper is to emphasise the importance of networking and innovation, as well as their etangledness. A network presents a popular measure due to its power of increasing companies' efficiency and easing the companies' innovation process. Model developed in this study tries to examine if there is a link between social network, which is constructed from several key factors such as customers, suppliers, local community, competitors and higher education institutions and product or process innovation


In this paper, the Petri nets, which own the perfect ability of modeling, are used to establish the transformer faults diagnosis model. It states the algorithm mould with the use of the Petri nets' knowledge and reasoning, and indicates the relevance between breakdown features and fault location. A resolution is also presented to solve the collision caused by the similar faults indication of the different faults. The calculation is simple, and the fast diagnosis can be achieved by this resolution. Furthermore, two concrete examples are used to indicate the accuracy and quickness of the Petri nets fault diagnosis model.


Every country has experienced various capital accumulation processes due to their own specific conditions.Differences in these conditions have ensured various countries to enter the process of economic development in dissimilar historical periods. Due to the central characteristic of the previous command economic system and the impact of powerful heritage from the USSR on the bureaucratic administration, Azerbaijan is still getting difficulties in transition to free-market economy. Today, the transition to an open market economy for Azerbaijan is not completely realized. This research attempts to investigate the major factors of the formation process of the capitalist economic structure in Azerbaijan after and before the demise of the Soviet Union. It focuses on the fundamental role of oil and relatively agricultural sector and also looked into the types of capitalism the country is currently experiencing based upon certain criteria and statistics indicators.


The aim of the study was to compare the impact of three different  implant macro-designs on the primary stability. 25 cylindrical non self-tapping implants (Straumann® SP/TL), 30 hybrid self- tapping implants (Straumann® BL) and 30 tapered self- tapping implants (Straumann® BLT) with the same diameter and length (4.1/10mm) were inserted randomly in 30 different bone bloc types on beef ribs. The assessment of the primary stability was car- ried out by recording the maximum insertion torque IT (DTA device) and the implant stability quotient ISQ using the resonance frequency analysis RFA (with the Osstell device) for each implant design in a same quality of bone. In all bone types mingled, BLT implants showed significantly higher mean insertion torque when compared to TL and BL with respectively 59.97, 48.82 and 31.06 (p<0.0001 each as per the Anova test) and higher mean ISQ with respectively 85.17, 81.60 and 80.67 (p<0.0001 each as per the Anova test). These higher values for the BLT were very impor tant in bone type II and III.  Within the limitation of this study, the tapered self-tapping implant (Straumann® BLT), showed a better primary stability in all types of bone which promises its indication in immediate placement and loading and in immediate loading in soft bone. The two methods used to assess the primary stability of the differ- ent implant macro-designs, the maximum insertion torque and the resonance frequency analysis, showed a weak correlation. Further clinical studies are required to better evaluate the dif- ferent biological responses to this enhancement of the primary stability. Resume L'objectif de l'etude etait de comparer l'impact de trois differentes macro-geometries d'implants sur la stabilite primaire. 25 implants auto-taraudants cylindriques (Straumann® SP / TL), 30 implants auto-taraudants hybrides (Straumann® BL) et 30 implants auto-taraudants coniques (Straumann® BLT) de meme diametre et longueur (4.1 / 10 mm), ont ete inseres de facon aleatoire dans 30 differents types de bloc osseux sur des cotes de bœuf. L'evaluation de la stabilite primaire a ete effectuee en enregistrant le couple maximal d'insertion IT (appareil DTA) et le quotient de stabilite des implants ISQ a l'aide de l'analyse de la frequence de resonance magnetique RFA (avec le dispositif Osstell) pour chaque forme d'implant dans une meme qualite d'os. Dans tous les types d'os confondus, les implants BLT ont presente un couple d'insertion moyen significativement plus eleve que les TL et BL avec respectivement 59,97, 48,82 et 31,06 (p <0,0001 selon le test Anova) et des valeurs du ISQ plus elevees respective- ment avec 85.17, 81.60 et 80.67 (p <0,0001 chacun selon le test d'Anova). Ces valeurs plus elevees pour l'implant BLT etaient plus remarqua- bles dans les os de type II et III. Dans la limite de cette etude, l'implant conique auto-taraudant (Straumann® BLT) a montre une meilleure stabilite primaire dans tous les types d'os ce qui promet son indication lors d'une mise en temporisation immediate, dans une mise en charge immedi- ate meme dans un os de type mou. Les deux methodes utilisees pour evaluer la stabilite primaire des differentes macro-geometries d'implant, le couple maximal d'insertion et l'analyse de la frequence de resonance magnetique ont montre une faible correlation. D'autres etudes cliniques sont necessaires pour mieux evaluer les differentes reponses biologiques a cette amelioration de la stabilite primaire.


Objectives: The aim of this review was to provide an overview of researches presenting evidence for a relationship between physical well-being and cognitive outcomes in 2–7 year old typically developing children. Design: A systematic review. Methods: Articles involved in this review were from Science Direct, EBSCO and WoS. In total, 21 articles were included in this review. Two reviewers assessed the methodological quality independently. Results: The evidence for or against the relationship between physical well-being and cognitive outcomes was not sufficient. However, there was weak-to-strong evidence for some relationships between underlying categories of physical well-being and cognitive outcomes, including complex motor skills and higher order cognitive skills. Conclusions: There were some relationships between motor and cognitive skills. It offered insight into possible interventions designed to complex motor skills which may be beneficial for both motor and higher order cognitive skills of preschool children.


AN2ESTHESIA produces in man a leucocyto'sis which occurs independently of any concomitant surgical procedure. The extent, nature and duration of the leucocytosis are of paramount importance to the proper appraisal of white cell counts taken a few hours to a few days after operation. Previous studies of this phenomenon have been confined entirely to the elaboration of histological details and factors which affect them. The present contribution is a continuation of chemical studies on the blood leucocyte's, and is concerned with the effect of ancesthesia upon the lipid composition of the white blood cells. According to Rieder the honour of discovering the leueocytosis of anwesthesia goes to Claude Bernard, Meyer and Siegen, who found that the internal administration of ether resulted in an increase in the white cell count. Da Costa examined 27 cases in 1895, but his results were not conclusive because most of his cases had had a leucocytosis before the anawsthetic was given and little change in the count was effected thereby. Undoubtedly the credit for definitely establishing the essential features of the leucocytosis of anawsthesia belong to Alfred von Lerber,' a Swiss, who presented his results in his Inaugural-Dissertation at Bern. Von Lerber investigated 101 cases before and after ether anaesthesia, and found that the white cell count became increased in 96 and decreased in 5. In


The invention relates to the technical filed of PC (Poly Carbonate)/ABC composite materials and particularly relates to a flame-retardant PC/ABC composite material capable of shielding high-frequency electromagnetic wave and a preparation method thereof. The flame-retardant PC/ABC composite material capable of shielding high-frequency electromagnetic wave comprises PC, ABS, a surface-treated silver-coated copper fiber, a carbon fiber, conductive carbon black, bromotriazine, bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate), polytetrafluoroethylene, an antioxidant 168, an antioxidant 1076, pentaerythritol stearate, an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, a silicone-acrylic copolymer toughening agent and gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane. Due to the silver-coated copper fiber, the disadvantages that not only the copper fiber is easily oxidized but also silver powder is relatively expensive are avoided, the same effect is achieved and the cost is reduced; the conductivity and the shielding effectiveness are more stable and the flame retardancy is significantly improved. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple and mature and high in production efficiency and is conducive to being universally popularized and applied.


We present an in-depth single cell atlas of in vitro multi-culture systems on human primary airway epithelium derived from normal and diseased lungs of 27 individual donors. Our large-scale single cell pro�ling identi�es new cell states and differentiation trajectories of rare airway epithelial cell types in human distal lungs. By integrating single cell datasets of human lung tissues, we discover immune primed subsets enriched in lungs and organoids derived from patients with chronic respiratory disease. To demonstrate the full potential of our platform, we further illustrate transcriptomic responses to various respiratory virus infections in in vitro airway models. Our work constitutes a single-cell roadmap for the cellular and molecular characteristics of human primary lung cells in vitro and their relevance to human tissues in vivo.


Radio communications - tactical ground, ground-based, terrestrial microwave and tropospheric scatter, naval systems and equipment, air force, satellite systems and equipment line communications and message switching data transmission and reception, modems and terminals encryption security electronic warfare - surveillance and signal analysis, direction finding, jamming facsimile audio antennas and masts - antenna tables laser, optical and video acronyms and code names units and abbreviations glossary frequency bands and designations designation of radio emissions AN numbered communications equipment.


Even though we have been successful in reducing impurities, particularly moisture in bulk gases such as N 2 , Ar, and H 2 to below the 1 ppb level for semiconductor industry, the same performance has not been achieved in specialty gas delivery systems. This is due to the fact that these specialty gases are very active and corrosive, and they contain trace impurities including moisture. These gases react readily with gas delivery system surfaces and deteriorate the process equipment and performance


The overlapping generations model pioneered by Paul Samuelson is used to address an issue in Social Security. In the 1983 Social Security reform, Congress chose to build a substantial trust fund, with principal and interest both to be used for later benefits. That is, Congress chose payroll tax rates higher than pay-as-you-go levels while the baby-boomers were in the labor force in order to have payroll tax rates lower than pay-as-you-go while the baby-boomers were retired. The impact on national capital of these higher payroll taxes, with the implied trust fund buildup, has been controversial. The impact depends on the response of the rest of the government budget as well as the responses of individuals to these government actions. It also depends on the effects of future tax changes as well as initial tax changes. This paper explores a simple model distinguishing two types in each cohort - life-cycle savers and nonsavers, and allowing an income tax change to offset a fraction of the additional revenue from any payroll tax change. Analyzing a permanent trust fund increase, even if the unified budget is always balanced, the trust fund buildup increases national capital initially when payroll taxpayers have a lower propensity to save out of payroll taxes than income taxpayers do out of the income tax, as is plausible. The long run impact on capital depends on the fraction of the payroll tax revenue increase that is offset by an income tax decrease.


Backscatter lidar signals are a function of both backscatter and extinction. Hence, these lidar observations alone cannot separate the two quantities. The aerosol extinction-to-backscatter ratio, S, is the key parameter required to accurately retrieve extinction and optical depth from backscatter lidar observations of aerosol layers. S is commonly defined as 4*pi divided by the product of the single scatter albedo and the phase function at 180-degree scattering angle. Values of S for different aerosol types are not well known, and are even more difficult to determine when aerosols become mixed. Here we present a new lidar-sunphotometer S database derived from Observations of the NASA Micro-Pulse Lidar Network (MPLNET). MPLNET is a growing worldwide network of eye-safe backscatter lidars co-located with sunphotometers in the NASA Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). Values of S for different aerosol species and geographic regions will be presented. A framework for constructing an S look-up table will be shown. Look-up tables of S are needed to calculate aerosol extinction and optical depth from space-based lidar observations in the absence of co-located AOD data. Applications for using the new S look-up table to reprocess aerosol products from NASA's Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) will be discussed.


We propose a minimal topological-spin qubit circuit to investigate the non-Abelian rotations within the degenerate ground-state manifold, as well as the topological phase transition and charge transfer. From a quantum dot, the state of the Majorana system can be read out. Along with the splitting of the degenerate ground-state manifold of a topological qubit, a topological phase transition is observed, showing the existence of a Majorana fermion. By choosing the phase difference across the dots, the non-Abelian rotations and the required energetically degenerate state in the qubit can be achieved, which results in universal quantum computation. Moreover, on the basis of the measurement of the electron in quantum dots and topological qubit, this demonstrates that topologically protected tunnel braids between dots and MBSs are critical to non-Abelian rotations.


The performance of Interacting Multiple-Model (IMM) algorithm depends on model set and filters bank. Most of the improved IMM algorithms originate from designing more reasonable and effective model set structures. One example in case is the Interacting Multiple-Model-Extended Viterbi (IMMEV) algorithm, which can not only inherit the effective cooperation strategies of the IMM algorithm, but also adapt to the outside world like variable structure IMM algorithm by eliminating those mode transition probabilities that are harmful. However, this design approach is difficult to achieve significant tracking performance and substantial complexity reduction, simultaneously. In this paper, the steady state filters bank based Interacting Multiple-Model-Extended Viterbi algorithm for maneuvering target tracking is presented. The main idea of the algorithm is to further improve the IMM-EV algorithm performance and reduce its complexity by designing a new filters bank. The new approach is based on the steady state filters (ab andabg filters) bank using IMM-EV algorithm design instead of a Kalman filters (second and third order filters) bank. Real maneuvering target tracking application experiments demonstrate that the SS-IMM–EV algorithm with some suitable choice of "m" is superior to the IMM, Fast-IMM and IMM-EV algorithms, which can obtain a considerable tracking performance and reduce complexity markedly.


To ensure the survival of society, an enormous amount of energy is required to sustain the economic and social development of communities. In addition, there is a pressing need to achieve significant reductions in climate change and the associated costs of implementing systems based on traditional energy sources, as well as addressing the issue of providing electricity to isolated areas. In rural environments, there is an alternative energy source with enormous potential, agricultural biomass, which can produce electrical and thermal energy and can progressively help to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. The purpose of this work is to present a dynamic simulation model of a power generation plant that uses the Joule Brayton thermodynamic cycle, based on a gas turbine which is fueled by residual agricultural biomass; the cycle converts mechanical energy to electrical energy. The problem is approached through the characterization of the biomass, mathematical models of the plant components, and simulation of the system behavior in different scenarios. The simulations are processed in Matlab/Simulink, which allows the model to be verified, validating the equilibrium relationship between generation and load demand.


The invention discloses a method and a system for modifying virtual characters in games. The method comprises S1, verifying user identities and authorities; S2, receiving images and character image design instructions, which are input by authorized users; S3, converting the images into two dimensional (2D) images in preset formats according to the character image design instructions input by users, and generating three dimensional (3D) cartoon character images on the basis of the 2D images; S4, importing the 3D cartoon character images into a game character image database to substitute for preset original images of virtual characters. The system executes the method. Compared with the prior art, the method and the system have the advantages that the 3D cartoon character images corresponding to the images are generated according to the provided images (such as pictures) and requirements of users to substitute for virtual character images in games, so that each authorized user can obtain character images with absolute differential personalities.


This chapter recaps the content of the book and summarises its main findings, that the dialect developed through New Dialect Formation as a result of contact between different dialects of English and Scots, and as a result of it being learned by adult speakers of Scots, who imposed aspects of their phonology on it. The language shift from Irish had minimal impact on the phonological development of the dialect. The importance of these findings for understanding the genesis of Irish English more generally and for expanding our understanding of new dialect formation in situations of settlement colonisation are also considered.


The invention discloses a voice explanation method capable of solving the conflict of scenic spot broadcast, wherein the method combines a geographic information system technology, a global positioning system technology and a voice synthesis technology. The method mainly comprises the following steps of: taking a thiessen polygon generated by each scenic spot as an effective explanation scope of the scenic spot, and performing intersection operation on a planning line and a thiessen polygon set, so that a candidate effective explanation route of the planning line in the effective explanation scope of each scenic spot can be obtained; confirming the current explanation scenic spot of a user according to an inclusion relation between the current position information of the user and the thiessen polygon set, and obtaining the effective explanation route by comparing a distance relationship between a coordinate point in the candidate effective explanation route of the current explanation scenic spot and a distance control threshold value; and performing a geographic information matching and outputting method to perform voice tour guide explanation. The problem of explanation target conflict existing in a tour guide technology can be effectively solved.


The purpose of this study was to identify EFL learning strategy use of male and female students. The focus was to attain the type and range of strategy they use and frequency level thereby to assess the differences/similarities in using the EFL learning strategies by male and female students. To this end, one hundred (44 male and 56 female) students were selected using stratified sampling technique. To measure students' Language learning strategy, Oxford's Strategy Inventory Language Learning (SILL) was employed with modification. The modified self report questionnaire with 40-items prepared and administered to all selected students. In addition, interview was conducted with ten percent of the target population. Data obtained through the questionnaire were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version-13. The descriptive statistics such as mean values, standard deviations, percentages and Independent T-test were considered in discussion. During discussion, data obtained through the self report questionnaire were cross checked using the data obtained through interviews. Results of the study show that females use more often the three main language learning strategies among the six language learning strategy than their male counterpart. An Independent sample T test shows that there was no significant difference between male and female in using the six main language learning strategies.


We have found several new spontaneous fission (SF) activities and suggested assignments for some of them to rutherfordium (element 104) isotopes. Their half-lives and production cross sections have been measured by collecting recoils on a moving nickel or steel tape and transporting them past stationary mica track detectors at known velocities. The following tentative assignments are based on several cross bombardments and comparisons between experimental and calculated production cross sections: $^{256}\mathrm{Rf}$(9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2 ms), $^{257}\mathrm{Rf}$(3.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.8 s, 14\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}9% SF), $^{258}\mathrm{Rf}$(13\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3 ms), $^{259}\mathrm{Rf}$(3.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.7 s, 9\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3% SF), $^{260}\mathrm{Rf}$(21\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1 ms), and $^{262}\mathrm{Rf}$(47\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5 ms). Presently we are unable to assign several other new spontaneous fission activities with half-lives of \ensuremath{\sim}15 ms, \ensuremath{\sim}22 ms, \ensuremath{\sim}100 ms (Zl104), \ensuremath{\sim}1.6 s, \ensuremath{\sim}5 s, \ensuremath{\sim}5 s, \ensuremath{\sim}30 s, and \ensuremath{\sim}47 s. Contrary to other observations, we have not found any indication for an 80-ms spontaneous fission activity, earlier credited to the spontaneous fission decay of $^{260}\mathrm{Rf}$, in reactions in which we expected to produce this isotope. Our measurements support a shift in the spontaneous fission half-life systematics at element 104, first proposed by Flerov and Oganessian et al. and later predicted by Randrup et al. and Baran et al. and attributed to the disappearance of the second hump of the double-humped fission barrier and a weakening of the 152-neutron subshell.


Behavioral descriptions of analog circuits simulate faster than transistor level descriptions. In ASIC and system level simulations they allow total system verification of larger designs than would be possible at transistor level. A system known as AMP simplifies the modeling task by offering a mechanism to develop models via parameterized building blocks. An additional benefit is that the resulting models are compatible with a model linker which can interface the analog models to a purely digital logic simulator.


The behavior of piezo-metal-compounds made of laminar piezo-modules and sheet metal which are formed by various forming processes is simulated. To evaluate the formability of the piezo-modules strains and stresses have to be known. Otherwise finite element models with a discretization in the dimension of the piezomaterial are not suitable for forming simulation concerning the size of the model. The simulation method of unit cells is used to homogenize the material parameters. In order to achieve the real strains and stresses of the piezomaterial the strains/stresses obtained with the homogenous material parameters are superimposed with the phase concentrations from the unit load cases.


The concept that the structure of the ribosome determines its function is simple. In practice, linking the two is not. Toward this general goal, we have undertaken an integrated approach employing the methods of molecular genetics, biochemistry, structural biology and molecular modeling in the model eukaryotic organism, Saccharomyces cerevisae. Both selected ribosomal proteins and rRNA residues have been targeted for this analysis. Core ribosomal proteins of the large subunit were chosen for mutagenesis and subsequent analyses based on their known and predicted effects on peptidyltransfer, tRNA binding, interactions with elongation factors, and intersubunit interactions. These include ribosomal proteins L2, L3, L5, L10, and L11. Specific bases of the 25S rRNA were selected for study based on similar criteria. These include bases in helix 38 (the A-site finger), helix 92 (the A-loop), helix 80 (the P-loop), and in the vicinity of the peptidyltransferase center. We have also completed extensive mutagenesis studies of 5S rRNA. Along the way, we have optimized a yeast genetic system for the stable generation of cells expressing only mutant rRNAs. Our investigations have also examined the roles of base modification on ribosome function. Base modification defects specific to the A-loop and to helix 93 were found to differentially affect specific ribosome-associated functions. The emerging picture is one in which individual components function both to make specific functional contributions, while simultaneously communicating these functions to one another over long distances within this complex nanomachine. *Presenter. Email address: firstname.lastname@example.com