Social or political proposals of the "ideal polity," some of which amounted to outright Utopias, came to be fairly common during the fourth and third centuries B.C. In addition to Plato's famed Republic (which is said to have been influenced in part by Hippodamus as well as by certain Pythagorean ideas) and Antisthenes' somewhat "unorthodox" social views, Diogenes of Sinope, Iambulus and Zeno the Stoic, for instance, wrote on the "ideal city." Also, a great many treatises On Kingship, which frequently were nothing more than part of that "mirror of princes literature" which can be traced back at least to Antisthenes, were authored during the same period. But it will be noticed that these relatively early Polities, including that of Zeno, uniformly advocated a small and highly articulated city-state with extremely narrow limits and relatively limited objectives rather than a pan-humanitarian or cosmopolitan ideal. The well-known Stoic cosmopolitanism, which some scholars have called the philosophic corollary of Alexander's conquest, is definitely of later date, later even than Zeno's widely known Republic, which still adheres to the confining notions of the traditional (and fateful) Greek particularism. This, in turn, compels us to distinguish between the early Zeno who in his original dependence on early Cynic teachings apparently shared in this limited outlook, and the late Zeno, who was able to conceive the whole universe as one single great city of gods and men without distinction of race or nationality. It is safe to assume, therefore, that Zeno's Republic is one of his earliest works and perhaps his earliest.


Recent developments in repeat victimisation research include the identification of high risk targets who share similar characteristics to previous victims. This is known as near repeat victimisation or near repeats. The concept of 'nearness' can apply to similar targets encountered in similar circumstances. The result is that the study of repeat victimisation is beginning to merge with other areas of crime concentration. The key issue is the similarity of crimes. A range of research suggests the importance of repeat victimisation for crime prevention is that it provides useful information about the where, when and what, because crimes tend to happen against the same or similar targets, and because, if it is known how the crime happened previously, it can also be known how to prevent its recurrence. Therefore, the question to ask is no longer whether repeat victimisation is relevant to crime reduction, but rather how the mechanisms and contexts that are most helpful in achieving the greatest reduction can be identified. This paper offers a discussion that looks to address and manage crime democratically in real-world contexts based on experience with Hampshire Constabulary and suggests a Web Science perspective to pick apart the ramifications. Democratic futures: Crowdsourcing incident data


Antebellum Catholic colleges reflected what Herbert Spencer called an "indefinite homogeneity" in that they were less clearly differentiated from other aspects of the life of the Church than they are today, and their internal composition was amorphous in that they combined a mixture of functions later embodied in separate and distinct institutions. The discussion consists of four parts: (1) college-founding from the 1790s to the 1850s, (2) the ways in which colleges were immersed in the overall life of the Church, (3) the "mixed" quality of their internal make-up, and (4) changes noticeable by midcentury that moved them toward a more restricted role in the life of the Church and promoted their eventual development into recognizably "modern" institutions of higher education.


Introduction: Mediastinum is divided in anterior, middle and posterior part. Mediastinum contains heart, lung, thymus, lymph nodes and nerves. A varied spectrum of disease can arise from these organs. It poses a challenge to the clinicians to confirm the diagnosis. A Mediastinal lesion grows beyond the individual division of origin in advanced stages. It is the biopsy and histopathological study that gives us an idea about probable site or organ of origin and nature of the lesion. Diagnostic biopsy approach for such cases would be CT guide FNAC, Mediastinoscopy, Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery, Chamberlain procedure and Thoracotomy. Anterior mediastinotomy known as chamberlain procedure is time tested technique for confirmation of the mediastinal lesions. Objective: To re-evaluate the technique of chamberlain procedure and its modifications to confirm the diagnosis of various lesions found in the mediastinum. Chamberlain procedure and other mediastinoscopic biopsy techniques have been replaced with VATS in most centres. In view of difficulties in gaining VATS instruments as they are expensive and its steep learning curve, we continue to do chamberlain procedure for mediastinal lesions biopsy. Method: We studied 75 patients, presented with various mediastinal mass or lung lesions. Most of these lesions were not identified from another mode of investigations. Chamberlain Procedure adopted to confirm the diagnosis, asses the stage of disease, operability status and to plan the treatment. Conclusion: Chamberlain procedure is still a gold standard over multiple other techniques in diagnosis and confirmation of the mediastinal diseases. It allows accessing any plane and location in the mediastinum. Result: Chamberlain procedure and biopsy can be done for diagnosis and confirmation of all kinds of mediastinal lesions. Compared to VATS, chamberlain procedure results and outcomes are similar.


The two-way plot is a visualization tool for tables by means of intersections of geometrical objects. This paper studies such plots in the case, where the geometrical objects are linear segments. The original two-way plot for additive fits has been introduced in Tukey (1977, Chapter 10E). It consists of two sets of parallel segments, one segment for each row and one segment for each column, chosen in such a manner that all row segments intersect all column segments and such that the ordinates of the intersections are equal to the fitted values. A two-way plot shows immediately and precisely the important features of a fit, not only locally within a single row or column, but also globally. As such it is a very useful tool to go along with the numerical descriptions we generally use. The additive model, however, is too restrictive and this paper generalizes the two-way plot to models with interactive terms. The most general graph we will consider, retains from Tukey's original only the fact that each row and each column is represented by a line segment and that they all mutually intersect each other. The fits that correspond to such a figure turn out to be sums of row and column effects and multiplicative terms involving additional row and column effects. It turns out in practice, that requiring at least one of the row or the column line segments to be parallel or in a fan shape often leads to more visually pleasing charts, without much restricting the quality of the fit.


Trust management is now one of the interesting research topics in the field of grid computing security.This paper introduces the basic theory of trust management and summaries the trust values assess system presented by others.And then,the model of trust values assess system based on fuzzy theory is presented.


Diabetes mellitus (DM) is not one disorder; it represents a series of metabolic conditions related to hyperglycemia and caused by defects in hormone secretion and hormone action. Exposure to chronic hyperglycemia may result in microvascular complications in the retina (diabetic retinopathy), kidney (diabetic nephropathy), neuron (diabetic-neuropathy), skin, foot, and cardiac complications (stroke, hypertension…etc.). International Diabetes Federation estimates that 1.1 million children and adolescents aged 14–19 years have type one DM. Without interventions to halt the increase in diabetes, there will be at least 629 million people living with diabetes by 2045. In the body, white adipose tissue is the leading site for the storage of excess energy produced from the food intake in large quantities, of the development of insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 DM by the over intake of fatty acid in the body. It results in the accumulation of fatty acyl co-A (FA-CoA) within the myocytes. It leads to improper signaling of the insulin and reduces the level in the myocytes and pancreases beta cells. It combines with genetically reduces the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) coactivator-1, initiates the inflammation process by the activation of the tumor necrotic factor alpha and protein kinase C. These alterations lead to further increase the intramyocellular FA-CoA and triglycerides. The sequence of events may develop mitochondrial dysfunction in the sarcolemma outer layers. Finally improves IR also with increasing intramyocellular lipids. This concept might be helpful to those who are pursuing endocrinology specialization, nursing staff, pharmacists, and other medical departments.


The performance of building extraction in remotely sensed images has been hugely improved with the development of convolutional neural networks and especially the semantic segmentation field. Due to the rich context of the image scene and the way of labeling (based on the pixel-level predicted probability), the segmentation masks are not always regular or close to the real building boundaries. In order to solve this problem, we propose a simple but effective deep framework based on two stages: the coarse result with an automatic semantic segmentation network and the fine result with an interactive refinement network. By using the binary mask of the initial segmentation and the interactions provided by the users, we obtain the final building extraction result through a deep interactive segmentation network. We evaluate our method on the WHU building dataset, and the results show that the method achieves better performance than the state-of-the-art methods.


During the last few years diffusion juice, thin juice, carbon treated thick juice, and molasses produced at a.Steffen house were analyzed for nitrogen and inorganic content. It was noticed that the concentration of the nonsucrose constituents varied con siderably during the crop year and that the changes occurred at about the same time each year. This report will deal with the nonsucrose constituents found in various Steffen house liquors throu ghout the crop year. It will also indicate where in the factory process some of these com pounds are eliminated. Significant correlations bet'ween certain nonsucrose constituents and pertinent factory data wi ll be given.


The analysis of fault-induced transients in three-phase overhead transmission lines can provide extensive information about the fault type, detection, location, direction and sustained time in satisfactory agreement with real application in protective relays. These transients depend on the system topology, load condition and the fault parameters, such as the fault type, resistance, inception angle and location. This study addresses the fault inception angle effects in the energies of the fault-induced transients in both voltages and currents by means of the wavelet coefficient energy analysis at the first three wavelet scales, in which a generic energy equation regarding the fault-induced transients as a function of the fault inception angle in all kinds of faults was established.


Brand equity is defined and measured by different researchers in different ways. While one school of thought measures brand equity as the additional preference a consumer has for a branded product over a similar no-name product, another school of thought led by Aaker defines it in terms of a set of assets, popularly called the sources of brand equity. This study examines Aaker's brand equity model in the Iran cell phone market. Based on this model, three global brands of cell phones in this market are ranked. The study uses a sample of 196 customers in Tehran. The results show that among different aspects of Aaker's model, perceived quality is the most important one among Iranian consumers, so marketing managers should consider this fact in their activities in Iran markets.


In order to improve die/mold polishing worker's environment and polishing automation level, we introduce a kind of low cost automatic polishing machine (LCAPM) with compliant actuator. The actuator is composed of a Tripod mechanism driven by pneumatic cylinders. Proportional valve is used to guarantee precision of cylinder's position, and a 3D force sensor is used to adjust polishing contact force between grind stone tool and workpiece. Structure of LCAPM is described in detail; pneumatic control circuit and cylinder's position are modeled in succession. Finally, a computing case of cylinder's position for given workpiece is shown.


It has been reported that RuO2has a conductive nature like common metals despite its metal o】dde character Im(1has widely been used as a coating material for electric resistorsθオ6.However,so far no report conceming the preparation of a transparent丘1m has been found in the literature.We continued tbe e丘orts to prepare a transparent RuO2五lm and developed a new method different丘om the conventional sol−gel method by prepa血g the precursor in a n− butanol−benzene system.To analyze the process of crysta皿ization,the thermal behavior of RuO2gel formed initially and the gases evolved during heat−treatment of the gel were investigated by TG−DTA−MS,The stmcture of the thin films after heat−treatment at lOO,250,and450℃was measured by the X−ray dif仕action method,n−Butanol and water were observe(1to evolve at a temperature range of100−180℃beyond their boiling points.Transformation ffom the gel phase to the crystalline phase occurred at a temperature range of lOO−250℃without any observation ofthe heat of crystallization upon DTA analysis.These results suggest the formation of an ordered gel network stmcture,which seems to arise fヒom arrangement by the interaction among RuO2precursors having both butoxy(hydrophobic)&nd hydroxy(hydrophilic)groups.Furthermore,it was presumed that the RuO2gel crystallizes through the dehydration and dealcoholization reactions among these RuO2precursors.The RuO2thin伺ms with thicknesses of7・0Imd23.8 nm after heat−treatment at450℃have transmittances of59.6−75.8%,36.2−59.0%in the wavelength range380−780nm, and electrical resistivities of9.60×10 4and4.15×10 thin且1ms showed suf且cient adhe− sion to glass substrate.


ABSTRACT Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive and degenerative disease that causes nerve conduction blocks due to demyelination in the central nervous system. Most MS patients experience a worsening of clinical signs and neurological symptoms when they are exposed to heat due to a thermoregulatory dysfunction. This paper proposes a novel methodology to understand temperature changes in MS patients by obtaining and evaluating texture features from infrared thermography (IRT) images. For that purpose, images of the legs of a MS patient and a healthy control subject with similar physical characteristics (while at rest and in a standing position) were recorded using a FLIR A655SC infrared camera. In the quantitative analysis of the resulting IRT images, three texture features (average, entropy, and uniformity) were computed, and the results were compared using statistical techniques. The statistical analysis showed that temperatures in the MS patient were not normally distributed, while those in the healthy control subject were normally distributed. In addition, significant differences in average, entropy, and uniformity were found between subjects. This methodology enables a quantitative evaluation of thermal distributions over different regions of the body and can be used in further studies into temperature changes in MS patients.


I researched speech defects in preschool children, because today more and more people experience speech defects. I wanted to find out, if there are many children with speech disorder in the kindergarten. The theoretical part of the thesis presents the connection between thinking and speaking. It particularly presents the child's speech development and necessary conditions for speech development. Described are factors, which impact the development of speech, and phases of speech development and problems, appearing in the speech and linguistic development. The most important chapter of the thesis presents the description of speech defects, which can appear in the preschool child. In the empirical part I used a questionnaire to gain answers of teachers to the questions on speech defects in preschool children in order to acknowledge the actual state of speech defects in children and their familiarity with different disorders. I found out that the majority of teachers is familiar with speech defects, appearing in preschool children. The majority of teachers already had in their group a child with speech defects. I found out that a very large percentage of teachers in kindergarten is trying to fix the speech defects with various speech games, which the teachers find on their own, or with exercises, prescriber by a specialist. Teachers exercise with children to help them with their speech defects at least once a week.


Goyal (1985) discusses the economic order quantity under conditions of permissible delay in payments. An implicit assumption of Goyal (1985) is that the retailer's storage space is unlimited. But this assumption is debatable in real-life situations, The main purpose of this paper is to want to investigate the effect of trade credit policy with limited storage space within the economic order quantity (EOQ) framework. Theorems I and 2 present solution procedures to locate the optimal cycle times of the annual total relevant cost function. In essence, the inventory model discussed in this paper generalizes that of Goyal (1985). Finally, numerical examples are given to illustrate all theorems obtained in this paper.


A method for making interconnect structures, particularly in a semiconductor integrated circuit, is described. The method comprises the steps of:forming a conductive layer;forming of an insulating layer above said conductive layer;creating a plurality of holes in said insulating layer and filling the holes with tungsten thereby forming tungsten plugs, such that said tungsten plugs are in electrical contact with the conductive layer.A patterned metallisation layer that overlies said insulating layer (is formed by means of following steps:forming a continuous metallisation layer,forming an organic mask,etching in plasma said continuous metallisation layer,removing the organic mask in a dry way, andimmersing the obtained wafer including the layers (3, 4, 5) and the tungsten plugs in a cleaning solution to remove the post-etching residues.Before immersing into said cleaning solution, the wafer is submitted to a plasma treatment containing F, H or a mixture of F and H. This plasma treatment may be combined with said dry removal of the organic mask, with the purpose of eliminating tungsten plug erosion.


Stir welding head and a method for welding aluminum alloy thick plate, comprising a needle stirring, shoulders and gripping end, the needle was stirred shoulder provided on the end of the central axis position, wherein: the mixing head is employed in the N content 0.4% to 0.7% of the nitrogen austenite steel processing from the overall structure, with stirring root pin connector shoulder is non-proportional bold design; double-sided welding method FSW welding. The mixing head according to the present invention uses nitrogen austenite steel processing from the overall structure, with stirring pin connected to the shaft shoulder non-proportional bold design, greatly increases the strength of the mixing head, reduces the chances of breaking the needle with stirring, using life greatly improved; friction stir welding using double-sided welding, in comparison with single-sided welding, the welded joint tensile strength increased by 10%, no seam weld porosity, cracks, porosity and defects such as incomplete penetration, weld slit internal quality of grade ⅰ, improve the mechanical properties of welded joints.


0bservations are reported on the behavior of several fission product elements in molten NaF- ZrF/sub 4/-UF/sub 4/ fuels, irradiated in capsule experiments, forcedconvection in-pile loop experiments, and in the Aircraft Reactor Experiment (ARE). The rare gases have been observed to escape readily from the fuels in dynamic tests, although in static tests the rate of escape is very low. Rutbenium and niobium deposit on the Iaconel walls of the fuel container. probably as metals. Other fission products studied (Sr, Zr, La,,Ce) appear to remain in the fuel. The results obtain are entirely consistent with theoretical productions. It is suggested that the observed noble metal deposit map serve to reduce corrosion of methls by molten floride fuels. The unsatisfactory nature of Cs/sup 137/ as a fission monitor in such fuels is reported. and the use of Zr/sup 95/ substitute is discussed. (auth) l6536 In order to evaluate the irradiation stability of the APPR-1 type Fe-B cored, stainless steel clad control rod configuration, a test program consisting of the irradiation of both minature absorber plates and an APPR-1 type full size control rod was initiated. The purpose of these irradiations was to determine toe dimensional stability and structural integrity of this typemore » of absorber material throughout a relatively wide range of B burnups. Results obtained from the post- irradiational examination are summarized. (W.L.H.))« less


Since the economic reform,mainstream literature has done much research on the relationship between financial institutions and the economic growth in China. McKinnon finds out the uniqueness with the approach to financial reform and gives a general description of the bank-supporting economic growth with the help of concepts like financial residue and financial control. The validity of his view is later confirmed by the World Bank and Madison who emphasize respectively the importance of initial condition and household savings. After examining the institutional structure and operational pattern of the banking system,some literature reveals the long-term coexistence of the rapid economic growth along with the high level of bad loans,large returns and high liquidity in the banking system. Further research by some other literature finds that in the presence of decrease in fiscal revenue,it is the debt-financing approach implemented through banks that contributes the most to the economic growth. Economist like Gregory C. Chow and Chen Zhiwu try to deepen the analysis of the mechanism of financial institutions from the historical and cultural aspects.


co-editor of Cognitive Media Theory (Routledge, 2014) and The New Experimental Animation: From Analogue to Digital (Routledge, 2018). Paul has spoken internationally at conferences and has published articles for several edited collections and journals including Projections: The Journal for Movies and Mind and Animation Journal. He serves as a fellow for the Society for Cognitive Studies of the Moving Image. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


A method for determining the current camera aperture (working aperture) of lenses on digital cameras having a viewfinder eyepiece and internal exposure measurement through the lens is wherein a further external exposure measurement is carried out past the lens and the value of the working aperture is determined from a reference table stored in the digital camera from the difference DBV between the two measured exposure values BV(int) and BV(ext). A digital camera suitable for carrying out the method wherein outside the region covered by the lens tube, the housing of the digital camera has an additional window for a further exposure meter with an upstream optics that is directed onto the subject and serves to restrict the shooting angle, and includes a memory for a reference table for determining the aperture value.


The purpose of this study is to compare the impact of trade liberalization on human development among developing and developed countries. The study collected data from seven developing and seven developed countries for the period 2005 to 2019. The human development index (HDI) is used as a measure of human development (social development),and trade openness (trade percentage of GDP) is used as a proxy for trade liberalization. The study concluded that in both developing and developed economies, trade liberalization encourages human development further; it is also concluded that economic growth (GDP) of both economies also plays an important role in encouraging human development while an increase in population burdened human development in both economies. However,inflation critically impacts human development in developed countries while showing no effect on developing countries.


In this paper short presentation of personnel for welding inspection function, with the aim of quality control of welded structure, is given. .


The Electronic Library System (ELS), is a proposed data resource for the cockpit which can provide the aircrew with a vast array of technical information on their aircraft and flight plan. This information includes, but is not limited to, approach plates, Jeppeson Charts, and aircraft technical manuals. Most of these data are appropriate for digitization at high resolution (300 spi). Xerox Corporation has developed a flat panel active matrix liquid crystal display, AMLCD, that is an excellent match to the ELS, due to its innovative and aggressive design.


Considering that both the scientific community and industry nowadays deal with automation – up to autonomous driving – more and more, this topic should of course be dealt with at any road safety co ...


Meanwhile, PoliticusUSA reports that even as the new Republican Congress continues with their push to defund the Department of Homeland Security in response to President Obama's executive action on immigration last November, the White House will be holding a summit on countering extremism. They say that just as Republicans are jeopardizing national security, the President is acting to keep Americans safe.


Oral presentation given at the Interaction effect in graphene and related materials, held in Donostia (San Sebastian, Spain) on July 13-17th, 2015.


A field experiment was carried out at research farm of Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi, Muzaffarpur, Bihar in year 2015-16 on sandy loam soil to study the effect of inoculation and nitrogen levels on oil content and fatty acid composition in matured seed of winged bean. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design comprising twelve treatments with three replications. Effect of different treatment combinations had significant effect on oil content over control. Seed oil content obtained marked variations with application of PGPR inoculant and a decrease in oil content had been observed with use of higher dose of nitrogen. The maximum oil content (26.41%) was recorded in seed treatment with both Rhizobium and PGPR inoculants without use of nitrogen whereas, the maximum free fatty acid content (3.87%) was recorded in treatment where seeds were inoculated with Rhizobium and no application of nitrogenous fertilizer followed by 0 kg Nha + PGPR inoculation (3.80%) and 20 kg Nha + no inoculation (3.74). On the other hand, winged bean oil contained high amount of oleic acid (31.9 to 36.20%), linoleic acid (33.46 to 38.50%) of major unsaturated fatty acid. The highest amount of oleic (monounsaturated fatty acid) and linolenic acid were recorded with treatment of 40 kg Nha + no inoculation (38.50%) and 0 kg Nha + Rhizobium + PGPR inoculation (38.50%) respectively. Maximum saturated fatty acid content (29.51%) was recorded in treatment of 40 kg Nha + PGPR, however minimum value (22.61%) was obtained with application of 40 kg Nha and without inoculation of either PGPR or Rhizobium.


Appendix is a relatively small anatomic compartment with the diversity of pathologic processes that may arise from it. Appendicitis is the most common entity in appendix.Appendiceal endometriosis is rare, but it can occur. Here, we are presenting a case of a29 year female presented with recurrent abdominal pain with increasing total leucocyte count. Ultrasound abdomen and pelvis showed acute appendicitis and ovarian cyst. Emergency appendicectomy was performed which confirmed on histopathology as appendiceal endometriosis.


The Southern Ocean is an important region of ocean carbon uptake, and observations indicate its air‐sea carbon flux fluctuates from seasonal to decadal timescales. Carbon fluxes at regional scales remain highly uncertain due to sparse observation and intrinsic complexity of the biogeochemical processes. The objective of this study is to better understand the mechanisms influencing variability of carbon uptake in the Drake Passage. A regional circulation and biogeochemistry model is configured at the lateral resolution of 10 km, which resolves larger mesoscale eddies where the typical Rossby deformation radius is O (50 km). We use this model to examine the interplay between mean and eddy advection, convective mixing, and biological carbon export that determines the surface dissolved inorganic carbon and partial pressure of carbon dioxide variability. Results are validated against in situ observations, demonstrating that the model captures general features of observed seasonal to interannual variability. The model reproduces the two major fronts: Polar Front (PF) and Subantarctic Front (SAF), with locally elevated level of eddy kinetic energy and lateral eddy carbon flux, which play prominent roles in setting the spatial pattern, mean state and variability of the regional carbon budget. The uptake of atmospheric CO2, vertical entrainment during cool seasons, and mean advection are the major carbon sources in the upper 200 m of the region. These sources are balanced by the biological carbon export during warm seasons and mesoscale eddy transfer. Comparing the induced advective carbon fluxes, mean flow dominates in magnitude, however, the amplitude of variability is controlled by the eddy flux.


In this work, an efficient hybrid MPI/OpenMP parallel implementation of the Multilevel Fast Multipole Algorithm - Fast Fourier Transform (MLFMA-FFT) algorithm has been successfully applied to the solution of a challenging electromagnetic problem involving more than one billion unknowns. The MLFMA-FFT was shown to be optimal from the point of view of modern mixed-memory supercomputers, combining the low computational cost of the MLFMA in shared memory computations with the high scalability properties of the FMM-FFT algorithm for the distributed computations.


Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae (Focep) is the causal agent of Fusarium basal rot of onions, a disease of world-wide importance. In South Africa and Colorado, limited information is available on the evolution and genetic diversity of this forma specialis. Therefore, 79 F. oxysporum isolates from onions were characterized with regard to their pathogenicity, vegetative compatibility group (VCG) status, three gene sequence regions and mating type idiomorphs. The isolates included 19 Colorado and 27 South African Focep isolates, and 33 non-pathogenic F. oxysporum isolates from onion bulbs in South Africa. The Colorado F cep isolates consisted of four vegetative compatibility groups (VCG 0421 to 0424) and one single-member VCG (SMV 4). Only one of the South African Focep isolates was vegetatively compatible with Colorado VCG 0423, with the remaining isolates grouping into two new VCGs (VCG 0425 and VCG 0426), three single-member VCGs (SMV 1, 2 and 3), and one heterokaryon self-incompatible (HSI) isolate. The dominant VCGs in Colorado and South Africa were VCG 0421 (47% of isolates) and VCG 0425 (74% of isolates), respectively. A combined translation elongation factor 1 α (EF-1α) and mitochondrial small-subunit (mtSSU) phylogeny confirmed the polyphyletic nature of Focep, and showed that most of the isolates clustered into two large well supported clades ( ≥ 79% bootstrap, 0.96 probability). The one clade contained the two dominant VCGs (0421 and 0425), both highly virulent to onion, as a putative clonal group along with SMVs and non-pathogenic isolates. The other clade was ancestral and included the HSI isolate, VCG 0422, 0423 and 0424, and non-pathogenic isolates. Most of the Focep isolates in this clade was only moderately virulent. The data set of the intergenic spacer (IGS) region of the rDNA was incongruent with that of the EF-1α and mtSSU, and suggested the exchange of genetic material between isolates. This was also suggested by mating type ( MAT) idiomorph genotyping, since (i) MAT1-1 and MAT12 idiomorph containing isolates were distributed across phylogenetic clades and (ii) some isolates, including all VCG 0421 isolates and some non-pathogenic F. oxysporum onion isolates, contained both MAT idiomorphs within the same isolate. Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za


timing of harvest, natural and climatic zone and weather conditions of the year; take into account the spread of typical pests and pathogens in the region, because the genetic potential of the variety can be realized only if the technology meets its biological properties. The aim of the research was to evaluate the varieties of soft winter wheat according to the indicators that form the yield. To do this, the effect of the variety on the sowing properties of winter wheat grain was established; substantiated the role of the variety in the formation of wheat yields; established the main indicators of crop structure that shape plant productivity. The lowest yields were Sagaidak (5.4 t/ha), Favoritka and Smuglyanka (5.5 t/ha). It exceeded the Orzhytsia variety by 0.5 t/ha and the Bohdan variety by 0.3 t/ha. Compared to 2019, 2020 had a slightly higher yield. In the variety Sagaidak and Vilshana it increased by 0.4 t/ha. At 0.3–0.4 t/ha – in the varieties Favoritka and Smuglyanka. Bohdan variety exceeded the yield in 2019 by 0.3 t/ha. The highest yield remained in the variety Orzhytsia and amounted to 6.4 t/ha. The grain yield of winter wheat varieties in 2021 was from 5.7 to 6.3 t/ha. This year the high yields are Smuglyanka – 6.0 t/ha, Bohdan – 6.1 t/ha, Orzhytsia – 6.3 t/ha. Favorite varieties – 5.8 t/ha and Sagaidak – 5.7 t/ha have lower yields. The conducted research showed us how the variability of the elements of the structure of the harvest of winter wheat varieties is explained by the uneven moisture supply for all years of research. A necessary task is to constantly determine the variability of winter wheat productivity depending on


Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), driven from multiple engineering disciplines, provide a communication infrastructure for various types of critical and innovative applications. These kinds of miniaturised, autonomous, versatile, lightweighted and autoconfigurable networks have inherent issues that are considered as a very interesting research area. Even if the use of WSN is diverse it seems that they are favored within critical applications where life and safety are involved, such as military surveillance and health care. The sensitive nature of the data exchanged over these networks puts security aspects at the top of conceptual and implementation considerations. In fact this is due to the inherent WSN vulnerability issues that are caused by the hostile environments in which they are deployed. Moreover, limited energy and computing resources of connected wireless nodes add complexity to these issues. In this paper, we aim to describe the new challenges in securing data collection and exchange in WSN, by investigating major security threats and by presenting recent major research advances in this area, with a special focus on the specificities related to military applications.


Conventional non-destructive inspection approaches can be costly, require physical access to the subject and some of the established inspection methods are more difficult to implement on polymer composite materials. This has driven a growing interest in the use of embedded sensors. The physical form of optical fibres means they are well suited to embedment in fibre reinforced composites however there are technical challenges associated with their use. The non-uniform geometry of woven fabric composite materials can induce localised macro bending in embedded optical fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensors when they are compacted between layers during the lay-up process. This leads to a non-uniform strain profile along the optical fibres which can limit the efficacy of conventional peak tracking algorithms for demodulating strain. This paper investigates the effect of gauge length on sensor response for FBGs of different length embedded in a woven glass fibre reinforced composite coupon. The experimentally measured FBG reflection spectra were compared to model predictions for the unloaded state assuming an FBG bend radius of similar dimensions to the weft of the fabric. Through thickness fibre optic strains under four point loading conditions were compared to side-imaged thermoelastic response measurements. The results show that the ratio of the gauge length to the curvature radius of the macro bending is critical with the optimal gauge length being a compromise between FBG reflectivity and sensor response.


night, during a dinner Alison was giving for her friend Doris, we were discussing Internet shopping, when a line from a Wordsworth poem came into my mind and out of my mouth: "Getting and spending we lay waste our powers." Doris picked right up on it. " Tittle we see in nature that is ours. We have given our hearts away, a sordid boon/ " '"Great God!'" said Alison mildly. "Td rather be a pagan suckled in a creed outworn!'"


In this paper an approach for the optimization of digital synchronous designs is described. The optimization is done for smaller components which are the result of a partitioning process. The actual optimization is done on a graph which reflects the communication structure between the modules. Sequential don't care conditions are extracted and used for sequential optimization. As experimental results show, the robustness of the subsequent logic synthesis methods can be increased while achieving a significant gain in cost and power consumption. This is shown by applying the described methods to a set of benchmarks obtained from high-level synthesis.


The present invention discloses a tomato flowers black vinegar drink, is prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 150-180 black tomato, rice 30-40, 10-15 chestnut flour, white sesame 20-30, 20-30 osmanthus , honeysuckle 10-15, amla 7-8, 4-5 purple cow, Astragalus 3-4, 1-2 pumpkin vine, reed rhizome 4-5, 2-3 Artemisia annua, Polygonum grass 1-2, baking powder 10-15, 40-50 honey, an appropriate amount of acetic acid bacteria; black tomatoes of the present invention, fermentation of raw materials such as rice vinegar acetic acid bacterium, lemon powder, chestnut leaves, skimmed milk fermented with Lactobacillus acidophilus fermented milk then add the sweet-scented osmanthus, honeysuckle, unique flavor beverage made from vinegar, sweet and sour, nutrient-rich, with Yin and yang, beauty, weight loss, Quzhi blood pressure, weight loss and physical, improve sleep, anti-cancer efficacy of cancer .


The article emphasizes the way to control residential decoration quality under the conditions of complex working procedure and unsound building finishing technological control system,discusses common problems as cracks and molding occurred in interior wall and indoor members,and illustrates that full decorated residence concept is the assurance to increase decorative quality.


Gene Expression Programming (GEP) is a novel machine learning technique. The GEP is used to build nonlinear quantitative structure activity relationship model for the prediction of the Percent of Applied Dose Dermally Absorbed (PADA) over 24 h for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. This model is based on descriptors which are calculated from the molecular structure. Three descriptors are selected from the descriptors pool by Heuristic Method (HM) to build a multivariable linear model. The GEP method produced a nonlinear quantitative model with a correlation coefficient and a mean error of 0.92 and 4.70 for the training set, 0.91 and 7.65 for the test set, respectively. It is shown that the GEP predicted results are in good agreement with experimental ones.


Situation Prediction is mainly used to solve how to update and deduce situation after situation is interrupted. Since the troops are deployed and massed according to some orders,the whole war field can be devided into many situation elements formation. meanwhile,combining templating and the advice of military expert and using various information got before and during the war, prediction of the field situation can be made.


Under the existing foundation,the engineering practice education center of the Ministry of Education on the basis of Hunan University of Science and Technology and Hunan Zhuzhou Chemical Industry Group Co. Ltd.-CNSIC became an open outside school practice education base to college student through further construction. Three kinds of modes such as training mode,teaching mode and management mode were innovated. The five aspects such as training standard,training plan,practice form,practice content and training quality evaluation were reformed. The four platforms such as practice teaching base,engineering ability training,engineering technology development and practice teaching management were constructed.


In this study, the drug atenolol on C60 fullerene were the drug and its derivatives were optimized fullerene. NBO and NMR for complex computations required in the HF/6-31G (d) and B3LYP/6-31G (d) quantum chemistry method was used. Mechanical quantum calculations in theory level of B3LYP/6-31G were performed on structure of atenolol and nano fullerene atenolol with different positions of linking. The properties such as energetic levels and stability, HOMO and LUMO levels, chemical hardness, chemical potential and electrophilicity values were studied.


Background: Sperm analysis is an initial detection procedure of male infertility recommended by the WHO. Sperm motility as one of the important parameters in sperm analysis has a close correlation with various determinants of male infertility and the success of Assissted Reproductive Technology (ART). Several laboratory assays were carried out as a complement to sperm analysis to describe the sperm ability for fertilization. One of the assays was the modified sperm stress test (MOST) to predict oocyte fertilization in In-Vitro Fertilization (IVF).Objective: This study aimed to assess the correlation between MOST ratio and sperm parameters in infertile men.Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytic study by taking sperm analysis and MOST data from 864 males with infertility problems who went to an infertility clinic, Sadewa IVF, Yogyakarta, Indonesia from May 2015 to November 2020.Results: The mean sperm volume and concentration of the 864 patients were 3.04 mL and 35.74 x 106 / mL respectively. The mean forward motility and normal morphology were 47.93% and 2.07% respectively. The mean leukocyte cell number was 0.84%, and the mean MOST ratio was 0.51. The results showed a positive correlation between sperm concentration (r = 0.235) and motility (r = 0.302) with the MOST ratio. Meanwhile, the leukocyte parameter negatively correlated with the MOST ratio (r = -0.076) and no correlation between other sperm parameters to the MOST ratio.Conclusion:There is a positive correlation between sperm concentration and motility with the MOST ratio, and a negative correlation between the number of leukocytes and the MOST ratio. This result supports the findings of previous studies regarding the importance of sperm motility examination in the success of ART. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to assess the MOST in male infertility patients with the big sample size.


Background: Prostate Cancer is recognized as the second cause of death due to cancers among men worldwide. Due to the lack of local evidence on the survival rate of patients with prostate cancer, this study aimed to estimate the 5-year survival rate of patients afflicted with this condition in Iran. Materials and Methods:  This study made use of information on 9,772 prostate cancer cases who were registered in the National Cancer Registry during 2010-15. A telephone survey, with a response rate of 35%, was conducted to gather additional information such as death status, demographic characteristics, and clinical profile. Kaplan-Meier estimates was used to estimate five-year survival rates. Results: The overall five-year survival rate of prostate cancer was 82% (95% CI: 80-83%).  Significantly higher five-year survival rates were observed among retired patients (rate: 94%,95%CI: 92-96), patients receiving a combination of radiotherapy and surgery (rate: 92%,95%CI: 89-94), and patients residing in rural areas (rate: 92%, 95%CI: 90-93). Conclusion: We found that various factors such as occupation, area of residence, and the type of medication, may influence on survival rate of prostate cancer. Careful evaluation and understanding of effective factors are required to adopt proper health policies and treatment options. Due to the importance of etiologic and epidemiological data, inclusion of such data into the national registry system for Prostate Cancer is strongly recommended.


The NECTAC TA Model for Long-Term Systems Change (LTSC) (http://www.nectac.org/pubs/titlelist.asp#tamodel) is grounded in conceptual frameworks in the literature on systems change and systems thinking. The NECTAC conceptual framework uses a logic model approach to change developed specifically for states' infant and toddler early intervention programs and preschool special education service systems, designed to benefit young children with disabilities, from birth through age 5, and their families.


Stemming from the growing interest in the learning process in the organizational context, the present article is aimed primarily at investigating the relationship between organizational Learning and Innovation. A theoretical model describing the hypothetical relationships between organizational learning and innovation was developed and tested using the structural equation modeling technique. Data was collected from a sample of 420 firms listed in the national directory of ICT organizations. From these, 170 usable questionnaires were completed and returned. Results of the study indicate a positive influence of organizational learning on innovation. From the findings, the study also discusses several practical implications for practitioners.


Union election practices may violate provisions of Titles Fi and IV 2 of the Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 19593 (LMRDA) concurrently. Title I, embodying the "Members' Bill of Rights," guarantees each member an equal right to nominate and vote within the union 4 and freedom of speech and assembly in union affairs, 5 while Title IV imposes specific requirements for the conduct of union elections. 6 Despite this substantive overlap, the procedures for enforcement of the Titles differ fundamentally: Title I is enforced by civil actions filed by members


Employment instruction course is a curriculum integrated with theory, practicality and participation. The author ,standing on her teaching experiences, explores the methods and concludes them as three "combinations" : 1. strengthening the combination of theory and practice ,with theory as guidance;2.combining in-class teaching with out-class practice, making teaching form flexible and various; 3. combining the skills in employment with ideological education, focusing the effectiveness.


The International Registry of Antibody-Defined HLA Epitopes ( http://www.epregistry.com.br) has been recently established as a tool to understand humoral responses to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatches. These epitopes are defined structurally by three-dimensional molecular modeling and amino acid sequence differences between HLA antigens. So-called eplets represent essential components of HLA epitopes and they are defined by polymorphic residues. A major goal is to identify HLA epitopes that have been verified experimentally with informative antibodies. Our analysis has also included data in many publications. As of 1 November 2013, 95 HLA-ABC antibody-verified epitopes have been recorded, 62 correspond to eplets and 33 are defined by eplets paired with other residue configurations. The Registry is still a work-in-progress and will become a useful resource for HLA professionals interested in histocompatibility testing at the epitope level and investigating antibody responses to HLA mismatches in transplant patients.


Stable oxygen isotope analysis and measurement of several dissolved cations and anions of bulk meltwater samples have provided information about the hydrochemical environment of the glacial hydrological system at Imersuaq Glacier, an outlet tongue from the Greenland ice‐sheet, West Greenland. The samples were collected at frequent intervals during the period 20–28 July 2000 in a small (<20 L s−1) englacial meltwater outlet at the glacier margin. The results document the following findings: (i) a marked diurnal variation of δ18O is related to the composition of oxygen isotope provenances, mainly near‐marginal local superimposed ice and basal up‐sheared ice further up‐glacier; (ii) a relationship is seen between all base cations (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+), SO42− and δ18O, indicating that solute acquisition is provided by solid–solution contact with the up‐sheared ice—as the relationship with Cl− is weak the influence of seasalt‐derived solutes is small in the area; (iii) when the melt rate is high, two diurnal maxima of δ18O values and solute concentrations are measured, and it is suggested that a snow meltwater component is responsible for the second maximum of δ18O—a short residence time leads to a delayed decrease in ion concentrations. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Sharp quadrature formulas for integrals of complex rational functions on circles, real axis and its segments are obtained. We also find sharp quadrature formulas for calculation of $L_2$-norms of rational functions on such sets. Basing on quadrature formulas for rational functions, in particular, for simple partial fractions and polynomials, we derive sharp inequalities for different metrics (Nikol'skii type inequalities).


SRAM scaling faces increasing challenges in meeting power, performance, and density requirements as Moore's law continues to drive CMOS technology scaling. Due to process variation, SRAM bitcell design margin continues to shrink in scaled technologies and conventional SRAM is no longer able to fully realize the benefits of scaling. Smart and adaptive assist circuits can improve design margins while satisfying SRAM power and performance requirements in scaled technologies. VCC scaling is especially important to meet increasingly stringent power constraints [1]. Circuit techniques proposed in recent years enable SRAM VCC scaling by expanding read and write margins [2–6]. However, the improved design margins for SRAM VCC scaling are often achieved with significant design overhead, e.g., additional power supply [4], increased circuit complexity [5], and testing overheads required for die-by-die programming [6].


As of May 15th, 2022, the novel coronavirus SARS-COV-2 has infected 517 million people and resulted in more than 6.2 million deaths around the world. About 40% to 87% of patients suffer from persistent symptoms weeks or months after their original infection. Despite remarkable progress in preventing and treating acute COVID-19 conditions, the clinical diagnosis of long-term COVID remains difficult. In this work, we use free-text clinical notes and natural language processing (NLP) techniques to explore long-term COVID effects. We first obtain free-text clinical notes from 719 outpatient encounters representing patients treated by physicians at Emory Clinic to detect patterns in patients with long-term COVID symptoms. We apply state-of-the-art NLP frameworks to automatically identify patients with long-term COVID effects, achieving 0.881 recall (sensitivity) score for note-level prediction. We further interpret the prediction outcomes and discuss potential phenotypes. Our work aims to provide a data-driven solution to identify patients who have developed persistent symptoms after acute COVID infection. With this work, clinicians may be able to identify patients who have long-term COVID symptoms to optimize treatment.


In this paper, the time-space fractional Sasa-Satsuma equation is considered. A novel and interesting method called as He's frequency formulation, which is derived from the ancient Chinese algorithm (ACG) Ying Bu Zu Shu, is employed to construct its periodic solution. This ancient algorithm originated from an ancient Chinese mathematics monograph —The Nine Chapters on the Mathematical Art— compiled in the Han Dynasty about the second century AD. As anticipated, the obtained solution is consistent with that of the variational method. It strongly verifies the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method. Finally, the performances of the solution with different fractional orders are presented through the 2D and 3D surfaces. The discovery of this work is expected to contribute to the study of periodic solutions in physics.


In this paper, a genetic algorithm as well as a radial basis network has applied to solve the design problem of human fatigue. The hybrid method of neural network and genetic algorithm has been employed. The selected individuals from Genetic Algorithm are optimized and considered as value of nodes in the radial basis function networks neural network. The parameters of radial basis function network are optimized by K-Means combined with the value of similar distance. The fitness cost function of the genetic algorithm is approximated by artificial neural network. The performance of the method in fashion design verifies the effects of this method.


The invention relates to a paddy field weeding composition which takes allylene oxadiazon, pretilachlor and oxyfluorfen as active ingredients. The composition can be prepared into an emulsion in water or a film-forming oil solution, and is used for preventing and treating annual grass family and broad leaf weeds in paddy fields.


This work presents a novel strategy to numerically predict CO emissions in gas turbines that operate under part-load conditions employing fuel-staging concepts. In multi-burner systems, fuel can be redistributed to solely run a fraction of the available burners. The situation of active burners interacting with air from adjacent cold burners may lead to quenching effects. Our group recently published a flamelet-based combustion model for low-reactive conditions. Furthermore, a model was proposed for the prediction of CO beyond the assumption of thin reaction zones. These models are adopted in this work and further extended in order to capture quenching. All models are implemented and applied to a simple geometry for the purpose of demonstrating basic mechanisms that are relevant for fuel-staged gas turbines operating at part load conditions. Furthermore, validation is performed in a silo combustor that comprises 37 burners. Here, burner groups are switched off during part load, leading to intense interaction between hot and cold burners. Major improvement in comparison to CO predictions from the flamelet-based combustion model is achieved. It is demonstrated that the model is able to predict the correct values of global CO emissions. Furthermore, the models capacity of handling fuel-staging mechanisms like the CO drop during a burner switch-off event is shown.


The composition of the endometrium in the proliferation and secretion phases was studied in a control group of 40 fertile women (age 20-30) taking no contraceptives and in 40 women using IUDs releasing 10 65 and 120 mcg./day of progesterone (groups P-10 P-65 and P-120 of 10 20 and 10 patients respectively). During the proliferation phase in comparison with the control group groups P-10 P-65 and P-120 showed a significant decrease (p less then .001) in the concentration of fucose (mcg/mg DNA .573 to .160) sialic acid (.054 to .021) sialic-fucose ratio (11.78 to 7.2) Zn (.03 to .001) and Ca (.049 to .03) and an increase in the concentration of Na (.05 to .256) and K (.04 to .231). During the secretion phase the concentration of fucose sialic and fucose/sialic decrease (.32 to .13 .028 to .015 and 11.78 to 7.54 respectively) while Mg Na and K increase. Groups P-10 P-65 and P-120 behave similarly in both phases. The measurement of proteins DNA RNA and total hexoses in the different groups studied showed differences without statistical significance.


With the in-memory processing ability, ReRAM based computing gets more and more attractive for accelerating neural networks (NNs). However, most ReRAM based accelerators cannot support efficient mapping for sparse NN, and we need to map the whole dense matrix onto ReRAM crossbar array to achieve O(1) computation complexity. In this paper, we propose a sparse NN mapping scheme based on elements clustering to achieve better ReRAM crossbar utilization. Further, we propose crossbar-grained pruning algorithm to remove the crossbars with low utilization. Finally, since most current ReRAM devices cannot achieve high precision, we analyze the effect of quantization precision for sparse NN, and propose to complete high-precision composing in the analog field and design related periphery circuits. In our experiments, we discuss how the system performs with different crossbar sizes to choose the optimized design. Our results show that our mapping scheme for sparse NN with proposed pruning algorithm achieves 3 -- 5X energy efficiency and more than 2.5 -- 6X speedup, compared with those accelerators for dense NN. Also, the accuracy experiments show that our pruning method appears to have almost no accuracy loss.


AIM
To develop a technique of sleeve-wrapping the pedicled omentum around the esophagogastric anastomosis for preventing and localizing leakage.

METHODS
This study includes data from 86 patients who were diagnosed with esophageal cancer and underwent the technique of sleeve-wrapping the pedicled omentum around esophagogastric anastomosis after esophagectomy between November 2011 and July 2013. The early complications that occurred during follow-up were analyzed.

RESULTS
Postoperative complications included pulmonary complications (13/86; 15.1%) and abdominal or thoracic wound infection (3/86; 3.5%). Complications that occurred during follow-up included one case of anastomosis leakage (limited by omentum; 1.2%) and five case of anastomosis stricture (5.8%). No deaths occurred. All complications were resolved through traditional treatment. No additional surgery was needed.

CONCLUSION
Sleeve-wrapping of the pedicled omentum around esophagogastric anastomosis after esophagectomy is safe and effective for preventing and localizing anastomosis leakage without increasing anastomosis stricture.


Smoking is proven to be an independent risk factor for development of atherosclerosis and amongst diabetics it increases the risk of cardiovascular complications and stroke. Smoking is associated with increase in the serum concentrations of total cholesterol and very low- density lipoprotein cholesterol, and a decrease in the serum high- density - lipoprotein choolesterol concerntrations.
Atherogernic index of plasma (AIP) is found to be useful makers in patients with diabetes as it increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Present study was done to compare the lipid profile and AIP in diabetic non- smokers and diabetic smokers. There was significant increase in total cholestrol (p<0.01),triglcerides (p<0.01),TC/HC ratio (p<0.001) and AIP (p<0.001) and significant decrease in Dhl (p<0.05) in diabetic patients who are smokers compared to diabetic patients who are non- smokers.According to the study, AIP could be used as
a simple parameter to early assessment of risk for development of atherosclerosis in diabetic smokers


An approach is described to the diffi cult problem of t he dynamics of an impinging water sphere. The flow in t he impact plane is traced chemical ly. The s tages in t he coll apse of the water mass and of its radial fl ow are shown in photographs that w ere taken wi th a high-speed motion-pic tu r e camera. Empiri cal determinations of t he t ime dependence of t he impact force and of t he radial flow velocity are reported. The possible occurrence of cavitation in the radi al flow is considered. A semi empirical anal ysis based upon vari oLls simplify ing aSSLlmpt ions leads to equations for the maximum impact pressure and for the rate of spread of the water after the co llis ion .


The development of an efficient and accurate method for computer-aided drug design presents a major challenge for computational chemistry. The present work addresses this challenge by examining the accuracy and speed of several alternative strategies. Previous studies of the binding of ligands to the MC603 antibody and new studies of ligand binding to endothiapepsin are considered. It is found that the semimacroscopic version of the Protein Dipoles Langevin Dipoles method (the PDLD/S method) approach can provide qualitative results with reasonable execution times. Much more time is required for the linear response approximation, although it yields accurate results in some cases. Overall, it is still not clear what generation of computers will be needed for reliable and fast drug screening. Nevertheless, computer simulation is clearly useful for correlation X-ray structures of enzyme-inhibitor complexes with the corresponding binding energies.


This investigation aimed at determining the cyanide and starch contents of different species of cassava grown in Abia State. Samples of cassava tubers were purchased from the local market and identified by a taxonomist from the National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike, Abia State. In this study, the cyanide levels obtained were less than 100 mg/kg for both sweet and bitter cassava. The lower concentration of cyanide obtained from this survey, could have been influenced by the season of harvest (rainy season) in Nigeria. Of the six species analyzed, "0581" recorded the highest in cyanide content with 62.57 ± 0.10 mg/kg, followed by "30211" with 59.55 ± 0.19 mg/kg. Sweet cassava (0505) recorded the least with 36.65 ± 0.16 mg/kg cyanide. On the starch content, 21.70 ± 0.10% was obtained from "30572", followed by "8083" with 20.62 ± 0.11% and "30211" had the least starch content with 17.48 ± 0.02%. Both Starch (%) and HCN (mg/kg) are statistically significant (p-value < 0.001) in the means for the various species of cassava under study. However, from the posthoc test, there is no significant difference between species 30211 and 0581. The other species are significantly different at 5% level. However, all the species of Original Research Article Ezeigbo et al.; BBJ, 6(1): 10-15, 2015; Article no.BBJ.2015.022 11 cassava tested had cyanide above the recommended level (10 mg/kg). Consumption of these cassava species unprocessed/inadequately processed would lead to serious health challenges and therefore, efforts are required to reduce cyanide content at least to the recommended level.


Disclosed herein is a multi-functional bidet having an extra function such as an enema function for a constipated person, in addition to its normal function of cleansing pubic area and anal region. Specifically, the bidet of the invention is constructed such in a manner that an anus-cleansing function, a bidet cleansing function, and an enema function are embodied in a single nozzle; or any one function is constituted on a spray tip projected from the separate spray nozzle body; or one or two functions among the anus-cleansing function, the bidet cleansing function and the enema function are embodied in two or three spray nozzles, which are projectably inserted in the lower central portion of the bidet body so as to be arranged horizontally adjacent to one anther; ; or one or two functionsamong the anus-cleansing function, the bidet cleansing function and the enema function are embodied in two or three spray nozzles, which are projectably inserted in the lower central portion of the bidet body so as to be arranged vertically adjacent to one anther.


The watercolours reproduced in this section were all executed by Charles McKean as what he himself called 'conjectural reconstructions', drawing on a range of sources including standing remnants, contemporary descriptions, paintings, engravings and architectural drawings. His intention was not to make a dogmatic claim that this is exactly how these buildings looked, rather he sought to provide an impression of what they might have looked like at a particular point in the past. His goal was to encourage us to see the grand houses of the elite of early modern Scotland as their owners and builders had intended, where we had traditionally chosen to see only grim fortresses. The Editors would like to acknowledge the help of University of Dundee Archive Services in sourcing and supplying images for this section. Charles McKean's watercolours are reproduced with kind permission of University of Dundee Archive Services and Margaret McKean.


Introduction. Many consumers buy organic foods because of their alleged greater nutritional benefits. However, studies investigating the effect of the agricultural farming system on minerals and toxic elements content are scarce. This study compared the content of minerals (P, Ca, Mg, Na and K) and trace elements (Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr, Se, Zn, Mo, Ni, Cd and Al) of four organically and conventionally grown fruits in Brazil. Materials and methods. Mango (Mangifera indica L., var. Palmer), persimmon (Diospyros kaki L., var. Rama Forte), acerola (Malpighia punicifolia L., var. Olivier) and strawberry (Fragaria vesca L., var. Oso Grande) were produced by organic and conventional farming in the same geographic region, under the same climatic conditions and same type of soil. Mineral analysis was performed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Results and discussion. Organic mango contained higher amounts of Mg and K, and Cr content was higher in conventionally grown mangos. Organic persimmon contained higher amounts of Cu and Zn, and Mg, P, Na, and K concentration was higher in conventional persimmon. Conventionally grown acerola contained higher amounts of Ca, Fe, Mn, Mo, Al, and Ni than the organic acerola. The concentrations of Mo and Al were higher in organic strawberry when compared to conventional strawberry. Conclusion. Organic farming did not result in a clear superiority of the mineral quality of fruit nor did it provide fruit free of toxic elements.


Abstract This research presents a critical examination of 102 undergraduate students' experience with e-portfolios in a university based in Northwest China. Qualitative data are collected via interviews to explore the advantages and disadvantages of e-portfolios in order to examine the possibility for popularization of the application and further improvement as well. Findings reveal that e-portfolios are beneficial in the aspects of new knowledge creation, learning management, reflective learning, test anxiety elimination, as well as student performance assessment. Meanwhile, some problems have also been revealed, which have pedagogical implications.


Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a competitive remote sensing technique used in various fields such as land cover mapping and environmental monitoring. Each hyperspectral imaging (HSI) scene is comprised of numerous narrow and contiguous spectral bands, rendering the extraction of information from HSI data cubes a challenging and computationally intricate endeavor. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have garnered widespread adoption for HSI classification due to their impressive performance. Nevertheless, the substantial number of internal parameters within CNNs engenders high computational and memory requirements, resulting in inefficient floating-point operations per second (FLOPS), particularly when faced with frequent memory access and an abundance of operators. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel framework named Fast Inference and Channel Attention-based Network (FCA-Net). Specifically, the framework introduces a lightweight convolutional layer and a channel attention mechanism (CAM) to enhance the extraction of spatial and spectral information within the network. The proposed FCA-Net significantly reduces computational costs while maintaining reliable classification results and can perform fast processing on GPU or even CPU, making it a promising option for embedded systems. Furthermore, the optimized global computational cost, including reduced demand for compute power and memory, results in lower energy consumption, which has previously been proven advantageous for improving deep model performance.


An approach to give a compact representation of UWB antennas using network analyser measurements and based on the extraction of poles/residues by the singularity expansion method is presented. This work focuses on a Matrix Pencil applied to the measured S 21 of two identical antenna links. It also suggests applying the MP algorithm twice (once over each causal signal present on both sides of the time response maximum). This procedure is demonstrated to fully capture the information from the time response of the synthesised antenna link, obtained after a FFT (fast Fourier transform). This allows a perfect reconstruction of the antenna time response with a minimal representation model. The measurements protocol established for experimental results validation is described.


Background: Baker's cyst is the most common soft tissue popliteal tumor; treatment may be conservative or surgical by arthroscopy or open ways. Objective: to deep the knowledge about Baker's cyst in the knee joint. Methods: the search of the information was carried out in a period of three months (from October 1st, 2017 to December 31, 2017) and the following words were used: popliteal cyst and Baker's cyst, from the obtained information it was carried out a bibliographical review of a whole of 316 articles published in the databases PubMed, Hinari, SciELO and Medline by means of the information locator EndNote, of them 50 citations were selected to do the review, 45 of them of last five years, where four books were included. Development: important aspects related to clinical picture and imaging investigations were pointed out. Differential diagnosis between Baker's cyst in children and adults, and Baker's cyst and popliteal aneurysm were described. Treatment modalities were stated as well as surgical indications. Conclusions: Baker's cyst is the most common soft tissue popliteal tumor affecting children and adults with cardinal differences. Popliteal aneurysm should be always ruled out. Surgical treatment is usually needed in adults by open procedures or arthroscopy, both methods have good results. DeCS: POPLITEAL CYST/surgery; ARTHROSCOPY/utilization; SOFT TISSUE NEOPLASMS/pathology; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; KNEE JOINT/pathology.


The Taylor series for the point characteristic V of the refracting plane is investigated. The exact radius of convergence of the series is found. Once the behavior of V near its singularities has been determined, a sequence of increasingly detailed asymptotic relations for the Taylor coefficients υn of V is obtained, n being assumed sufficiently large. A particular, more-or-less arbitrarily chosen, case is studied numerically. The extent to which the values of the υn given by the most detailed of the asymptotic relations agree with their exact values is remarkable, and the "asymptotic region" extends virtually down to n = 2.


This paper focuses on the application of tool, exploration of technique, and subsequent development of an informed design intuition for generating "near" minimal surface structures in the design, development and construction of the Pure Tension Pavilion.


The break-up of Yugoslavia and the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina represented the first major conflict on European soil since the end of the Second World War. It confronted politicians, military planners, journalists and aid workers alike with daunting challenges that often posed acute dilemmas. In many ways, the war threw into question the international community's ability to respond to the issues at hand and meet the needs encountered. The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement was not spared this challenge.


Microindentation is performed on hot isostatic pressed (HIP) Mg-Al (AM40) alloy samples produced by high-pressure die cast (HPDC) process for the purpose of quantifying the mechanical properties of the α-Mg grains. The process of obtaining elastic modulus and hardness from indentation load-depth curves is well established in the literature. A new inverse method is developed to extract plastic properties in this study. The method utilizes empirical yield strength-hardness relationship reported in the literature together with finite element modeling of the individual indentation. Due to the shallow depth of the indentation, indentation size effect (ISE) is taken into account when determining plastic properties. The stress versus strain behavior is determined for a series of indents. The resulting average values and standard deviations are obtained for future use as input distributions for microstructure-based property prediction of AM40.


The significant impact of information and communication technology (ICT) on Greenhouse Gas emissions has caused a considerable research interest in energy management of network devices in recent years. As the amount of power consumption in routers and switches is a function of their working frequency, one approach to energy saving is to adapt working frequency of such devices dynamically and proportional to their traffic load. This paper describes this approach in Software Defined Networking (SDN) framework by proposing a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) formulation for a network of FPGA based interconnected Openflow switches. The prerequisite information of switch power profile is obtained by running experimental tests. The proposed method is applied to an infrastructural dataset extracted from the standard SNDlib database. Simulation results show that frequency scaling technique reduces power consumption by more than 37% in comparison to other well-known power-saving approaches.


-Arthropod abundance and vegetation composition were studied in four 0.25ha grassland plots on Nantucket Island, Massachusetts. Treatments included burning in April, burning in August and mowing in August, in 1983 and again in 1985. Cover and frequency of plants in 1985 was little changed from pretreatment levels. Arthropods were sampled in July, August and September of 1985. In the April burn plot, numbers of Arachnida were lower and Orthoptera were higher throughout the season than in an untreated reference plot. Other orders showed little consistent change. In the August burn and mow plots, total numbers of arthropods, especially Hymenoptera, Orthoptera, and Lepidoptera, were higher early in the season in 1985 compared to the reference plot. Following treatments in August, most orders declined in abundance compared to the reference plot, with the exception of the Homoptera, which increased.


Colonoscopic polypectomy in end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) patients are at risks of post‐polypectomy bleeding and perforation, but evidences are limited. This study aimed to determine the incident polypectomy complications among ESRD patients.


Solid phase extraction columns packed with a stationary phase with bonded benzene sulphonate groups can be converted to the silver ion form and utilised for the separation of molecular species of triacylglycerols. Stepwise elution with dichloromethane/methyl acetate mixtures gave pure trisaturated- and disaturated-monoene species, together with a mixed fraction containing saturated-dimonoene and disaturated-diene; the remaining more highly unsaturated species were recovered by elution with a solvent containing a high proportion of acetonitrile. Fractions were identified and quantified by gas chromatography after transmethylation in the presence of an internal standard. This permitted calculation of the relative proportions of the two species in the third fraction. The procedure was applied to cocoa butter, palm oil and sheep subcutaneous adipose tissue.


The Brazilian psychiatric reform: historical and te chnical-supportive aspects of experiences carried out in the cities of São Paulo (capital), Santos an d Campinas, in order to understand their material, social and political impacts, the progress in the p rocess of breaking away from the psychiatric ward model, and the establishment of creative and produc tive groups, required to build up the psychosocial treatment in regard to mental health, s well as to evaluate the contribution that the SUS (Brazilian Public Health System) had on the psy chiatric reform in the mentioned cities. The research, which is the basis of this paper, is part of a thesis regarding mental health care, whereby the innovative projects implemented in those cities s rved as framework and basis for comparison to analyze mental health policy in small and medium -sized cities and towns in the state of São Paulo.


We report a patient who developed multiple focal cerebral infarctions after epidural hematoma evacuation. A 41-year-old man presented with altered mentality after sustaining a head trauma. Computer tomography (CT) scan showed large epidural hematoma at the left hemisphere. The patient underwent emergency evacuation of the hematoma and decompression surgery. Three days after the surgery, the patient showed right side hemiparesis. CT and MR diffusion weight images (MRDWI) revealed multiple infarctions at focal posterior cerebral artery (PCA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) territories and subcortical parenchyma. Several months after the surgery, the patient showed improved mentality, but his cognition and hemiparesis were not improved as much. Before ischemic change occurs, it is vital to administer early, rapid and aggressive management are required to prevent posttraumatic cerebral infarction. (J Kor Neurotraumatol Soc 2010;6:66-69)


The consensus among researchers is that loyalty is a very complex construct (Javalgi & Moberg 1997). Various typologies have been developed to measure the loyalty construct (e.g., Curassi and Kennedy 2002; Hoare 2000; Knox 1998; Zeithaml, Parasuraman & Berry 1996). Zeithaml, Berry & Parasuraman (1996) developed a service loyalty framework comprising 13 items across five dimensions: "loyalty", "switch", "pay more", "external responses", and "internal responses". This framework was criticised by Bloemer, de Ruyter & Wetzels (1999) for having conceptual and empirical limitations. Upon re-examination of the same 13 items, they concluded that the loyalty construct comprised only four factors: "word-of-mouth", "purchase intentions", "price sensitivity", and "complaining behaviour". Questions remain as to the precise dimensionality of the service loyalty construct as proposed by Zeithaml, Parasuraman & Berry (1996), and its stability or robustness generically, i.e., to what extent is there an invariant factor structure across the range of marketing contexts to which the battery may be applied? This paper reports on the testing of the goodness-of-fit of the five and fourfactor models to data collected in a study of consumer reaction to the service supplied by an Australian Internet Service Provider (ISP), through a series of hypothetical scenarios. In addition, comparisons were conducted with the results of exploratory factor analyses of the eight scenarios. The results suggested that factor structures are unstable across the data subsets, thereby limiting the generalisability and utility of the proposed models.


With increasing emphasis on improving engine thrust-to-weight ratios to provide improved payload capabilities, weight reductions achievable by the use of composites have become attractive. Of primary significance is the weight reduction offered by composites, although high temperature properties and cost reduction were also considered. The potential for application of composites to components of Earth-to-orbit hydrocarbon engines and orbit-to-orbit LOX/H2 engines was assessed. The components most likely to benefit from the application of composites were identified, as were the critical technology areas where developed would be required. Recommendations were made and a program outlined for the design, fabrication, and demonstration of specific engine components.


In this paper,We analyse the difficulty of the large-scale oil and gas gather-transferring SCADA system process simulation and dynamic simulation and give a new simulation architecture for the large-scale oil and gas gather-transferring SCADA system, which bases on middleware technology and sets dynamic simulation, fault diagnosis, safety assessment of network attack and defens and semi-physical simulation platform in one. By integrating the HYSYS simulation platform to realize network physical modeling, solving process simulation, dynamic simulation, and the evaluation of the effect of offensive and defensive problems such as;Using network simulation technology of large-scale network running status of the simulation, to study the influence of network attack of large-scale oil and gas pipeline network.Combining semi-physical simulation method to simulate the actual station, studies the influence of different offensive and defensive method of business process.This study to explore security defense algorithm validation method have positive significance.


Aluminium alloys such as 5083 H32 are established light‐weight armour materials. As such, the shock response of these materials is of great importance. The shear strength of a material under shock loading provides an insight into its ballistic performance. In this investigation embedded manganin stress gauges have been employed to measure both the longitudinal and lateral components of stress during plate‐impact experiments over a range of impact stresses. In turn, these results were used to determine the shear strength and to investigate the time dependence of lateral stress behind the shock front to give an indication of material response.


Master equations and random walk methods are used to study the dominant role of quantum fluctuations in determining the steady-state and temporal-behavior of small lasers. Suppression of lasing threshold and de-pinning of carriers is observed.


We calculate the partition functions of supersymmetric gauge theories on S^5, which acquire non-perturbative contributions from instanton loops wrapping its Hopf fiber. The instantons on the CP^2 base equivariantly localize to 3 fixed points of SU(3) Cartans. Using our results, we study the index of the 6d (2,0) theory. We first study the partition functions of maximal SYM with AD(E) gauge groups, which agree with the gravity dual indices on AdS_7 in the large N limits. We also show that the most general partition function of the Abelian theory agrees with the index for a free 6d tensor supermultiplet. We explain possible ambiguities in our 5d approach, role of maximal SUSY, and the Wilson loops on S^5 dual to M2-brane Wilson surfaces in AdS_7.


Mars is a test bed for the study of dust aerosols since, lacking the active circulation of water through the atmosphere as seen on earth, dust transport has become the dominant process for both atmospheric contamination and the dynamics of the surface. The atmospheric dynamics on Mars is strongly affected by the presence of particulate aerosols which dominate the opacity and therefore heat transport. Conversely particulate dust suspension (entrainment and transport) occurs through the interaction of the atmosphere with the planetary surface. This wind driven transport of material at the surface of Mars is being actively researched both in laboratory simulators and through surface and orbital probes. Convergence is only now being reached between observation, simulation and theory. Specifically processes are being quantified whereby dust particulates aggregate and become dispersed allowing abundant dust transport at the wind speeds (wind induced surface shear stress) observed, close to the threshold at which solid sand grains become mobilized [1]. Granular electrification plays a role here and is also being studied actively both under terrestrial and Martian conditions, though is still far from being well understood [2,3]. Observations by the NASA MER mission have revealed, for the first time, active transport of sand on the surface (saltation). It is becoming clear that, although such sand transport is periodic and at a low rate it may have a major impact on the surface as well as the dust aerosol. Discussion will be made of recent laboratory simulations, observations from Mars and wind flow and dust sensing instrumentation [4,5]. . Figure 1: Laboratory Simulation of the Mars dust aerosol using Salten Skov I Mars analogue dust material


: This study aims to analyze the effect of tourist attraction, quality of tourist destinations, tourist motivation towards, and satisfaction of tourists on Heritage tourism objects in Kota Gede, Yogyakarta. The sample used was 100 tourists. The data collection method used was a questionnaire. The analytical tool used is multiple regression models. The variables used in this study are a tourist attraction, quality of tourist destinations, tourist motivation, and tourist satisfaction. The results of the analysis prove the attractiveness of tourism, the quality of tourist destinations, and the motivation of tourists to affect the satisfaction of foreign tourists.


Applying on-the-spot observation and photographing,statistics and comparison,and taking the seventeen teams participating in calisthenics competition at the 8th Sports Meeting for College Students of Hubei Province as the object of study,the author analyzed materials and data of the competition and summarized the present situation of the calisthenics development in colleges in Hubei Province and proposed some opinions and suggestions on the development tendency.


As a branch of northern dialect,Hefei Dialect has its own specific characteristic in real use.In most cases its first tone is usually heavy.The difference between "kai"and "he" can be easily found in its pronunciation thus makes it look flat and close to "yayin in Middle China".Some words which pronounce the same may differ in their meanings while others may have different pronunciations and meanings.


Comparison of the development between Eastern and Western thoughts have the same basic questions, this comparative study will help us to understand the occurrence and evolution of human civilization. Studying the development context of eastern and western thoughts from 2000 years ago when Socrates appeared. It mainly focusses on the comparative between Ancient Greece and Pre-Qin Confucianism, Christian ethics and Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism, Modern ideas of Western European ethics and the Enlightenment in the Ming and Qing dynasties.


The y'-precipitate particle in Ni-based alloys sometimes splits into a pair of parallel plates (i.e., doublet) or eight small cuboids (i.e., ogdoaa) during the growth of the precipitates. Such extraordinary phenomena indicate that the elastic interaction does affect the shape of the individual y'particles, to say nothing of the distribution of them. By calculating the energies before and after the split on the basis of a microelasticity theory, we can justify the conception that the elastic interaction between the doublet or the ogdoad formed by the split decreases the total energy by overcoming the increase in surface energy due to the split. The effects of elastic interaction on the shape of y'-precipitates can well be arranged by introducing the parameter A* which is the ratio of y/y' lattice misfit 6 to surface energy density ys (A*=&/ys).


This paper discussed the significance of creating famous historical and cultural city.Then,the author analyzed the present situation of regional basic conditions.The article point out the reason of Lvshunkou district has not become national historical and cultural city.They include:the misunderstanding in the construction of cities;the real concern;the restriction mechanism and so on several aspects.The author put forward the countermeasures for the problems of creating national historical and cultural city in Lvshunkou district.They include:set up a protection and management of national historical and cultural city,set up a protection and development organization of national historical and cultural city,actively protect the historical block,held in BBS activities of national historical and cultural city,the whole people to participate in the activities with the community as the main body,establish and gradually improve the protection of relevant laws and regulations and so on several aspects.


– A new species of the commensal pontoniine shrimp genus Periclimenaeus, P. nufu, new species, was found in samples from dead coral habitats in shallow Vietnamese waters (Van Phong Bay) of the South China Sea. The new species is placed in the Periclimenaeus robustus species group, with a characteristic anteromedian rounded lobe on the fi rst abdominal tergite. It is readily distinguishable from most species of the genus by the unique shape of the widely ovate uropodal exopods; their distolateral margins and unusually rounded distolateral angles are distinctly serrate. Other remarkable features are the produced, movable anterovental angle of the carapace, ambulatory dactyli with long and slender unguis, and with a markedly reduced additional unguis. The true host of the single specimen available, assumed to be an encrusting sponge, is unknown. The new species is described and illustrated, and a key to distinguish related species is proposed.


In order to construct the optimal decorrelator for a quasi-synchronous (QS) CDMA receiver, it is necessary to estimate the user delays. However since the system is quasi-synchronous, it is shown that delay estimation is equivalent to estimating a parameter vector which is related linearly to the received signal. A recursive least-squares (RLS) algorithm is developed that approximately computes the joint maximum-likelihood (ML) estimates of the delays and user amplitudes. It is shown that the optimal decorrelator and demodulated symbols are also generated by the RLS algorithm. Simulation and analytical results are presented for the bit-error rate (BER) performance of the adaptive receiver and the averaged squared error (ASE) of the estimated delay vectors is compared with the Cramer-Rao bound.


My aim is to delineate the notions of life and revelation as they are described in the early work and in the late work of Michel Henry. In addition, I will compare these descriptions with the touchstone of phenomenology, namely, the first-person experience. Based on it I will raise a material objection: that life does not reveal itself in me as a pure phenomenality distinguished from the phenomenon itself calls into question the absolute character of manifestation because there is at least one case in which it is not fulfilled. Then I will show that, in his latest years, Henry accounts for this type of experience as a figure of evil. Finally, I will argue that, although it has the merit of accounting for a possible heterogeneity of the experience, the answer offered there is insufficient to withdraw the objection raised initially.


The digital media takes an important effect on the development of historical and cultural resources,which is that the digital media can promote the interaction integrated marketing communication of the historical and cultural resources,can strengthen the development of digital content to the historical and cultural resources,can promote the cultural and industrial chain,can organize the efficient operation mechanism and can promote the hybrid between the media itself and the creative industries of historical culture.


A new computer program, SOLA-OF, has been written to solve the unsteady, two-dimensional equations of motion for a two-phase mixture. The equations solved are based on the drift-flux approximation and include a phase transition model and a general drift velocity calculation. The SOLA-DF code is used for a study of the blowdown of straight pipes initially filled with water at high temperature and pressure. Computed results are presented that show the relative importance of phase transition rates, pipe friction, drift velocity magnitude, and other model variations. The computed results are also compared with experimental data. 7 references. (auth)


Abstract. The ASABE standard on uniformity testing of a center pivot system contains specifications on the collector size to measure the applied water depth. The standard was developed before many of the current sprinkler application devices were developed. A study was conducted to compare the catch depths of five collector sizes (opening diameters of 5.5, 10, 14.8, 20, and 27.4 cm, referenced as C2, C4, C6, C8, and C10) for three types of sprinkler application devices: spinning plate, fixed plate, and wobbling plate sprinkler systems using four 5x5 Latin squares. Each collector's water depth was measured and statistically analyzed. Two analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests of the collector size effect were reported. Past experimental results were also compared to this experiment's results, which generally reaffirms the difficulty of consistently measuring irrigation application depth within the practical range of collector sizes. Based on sprinkler application devices, fixed plate tends to have a more consistent depth caught compared to wobbling plate and spinning plate. If the ideal collector size selection was based on minimum variability of depth measurements, then either C6 or C4 collectors could be used. This study showed that within the range of sizes used, collector size does not substantially affect measurement of application depths for center pivot sprinkler systems. Despite the challenging task, measurement is probably within 5% if an appropriate number of collectors are used. Keywords: Catch can collector size, Center pivot irrigation, Sprinkler packages, Uniformity.


This paper presents a method for vectorizing line-structured engineering drawings based on window features extraction. A line-structured engineering drawing is composed of straight lines and curves (they may have different widths) as well as their ends, corners, and crosses (we call them feature points). In the paper we use 2-dimension black-run-length to trace and separate different lines. We present feature point extracting criteria to detect feature point. When any feature point is detected a small rectangle window is opened around the feature point. After an adaptive window enlarge algorithm is applied, a proper size and position of the window which is named as Window Feature is obtained. In this way, we can see whether it is really a feature point (end, corner, cross) or just a noise. We define 40 window features and with these window features, we can process and vectorize all the complicated cross points in mechanical drawings. Finally we give some experimental samples about vectorizing mechanical drawings.


The cell membrane plays an important role in cell traffic because it functions to secrete various molecules. The selective transport system allows the movement of molecules into or out of the cell compartment. By controlling the movement of substances from one compartment to another, membranes exert a strong influence on metabolic pathways. Cell membranes are composed of proteins and lipids with a very important function in maintaining the rhythm of circulation and cell transport. In addition, the cell membrane also plays a role in maintaining the integrity and relationship, and communication of cells.


There exsists hysteresis nature in permeation observation data of earth dam. The determation of hysteresis time, analysis on hysteresis nature in relation to the grouting effect were introduced.It would be useful for similar engineering project .


. Objective: To design a WeChat basketball competition small program, including technical action video, basketball competition registration, basketball competition data record, basketball competition results storage and other functions, make basketball teaching more direct and convenient in colleges; Methods: Based on the wechat platform, design and develop small programs themed on basketball contests, and applied in the actual college basketball sports education mode, teachers experience whether the use of small programs as an auxiliary tool is effective and put forward suggestions for modification; Conclusion: This procedure is easy to use, it covers fewer functions, but it has been able to meet the requirements in the teaching of college courses, the teaching effect of the use class is good, received high praise from students and teachers.


Whole genome sequence of rust resistant and susceptible lines were used for comparative genomics studies.Three putative NBS-LRR genes were identified at Rpp1 locus associated with soybean rust.


Numerous research projects have sought to monitor the usability and safety of buildings with various measuring devices. Particularly with high-rise buildings, it is important to assess the structural response to the lateral loads such as wind load. Accordingly, the standard for the top-floor displacement as a result of a wind load is limited to 1/400-600. In this research, a 2D laser scanner was used to measure the top floor displacement and inter-story drift. The data thus obtained are used in an interpretive program to draw a back analysis, leading to the development of a monitoring method for structural members. The accuracy of the displacement measurement of each floor and the degrees of strain of the structural members were estimated in an effort to judge the possibility of applying the method in a multi-degree-of-freedom structure.