Background :

Incidence of most myeloid malignancies increases with age. Although allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT) is a curative option for most of myeloid diseases, conventional myeloablative regimens are associated with considerable toxicity in older patients and high rate of non-relapse mortality (NRM). Thus, such standard approach is very rarely performed in the setting of older patients. Recent developments and introduction of reduced intensity\toxicity (RIC/RTC) and non-myeloablative (NMAC) regimens have allowed the extension of Allo-HSCT to these older patients. This study aims to report our experience of Allo-HSCT in patients > 55 years of age.

Patients and Methods :

From 2005 to 2014, 171 patients > 55 years of age with myeloid malignancies underwent first allogeneic HSCT at our center, with a median age of 63 years (56-72 years). Sixty-five patients (38%) had 65 years or more. Data had been double-checked using individual institutional files along with HSCT database of the IPC. Of all patients 117 had AML, 49 had MDS and 5 had MPN. They were conditioned by RIC (120 patients, 70%), RTC (16 patients, 9%) or NMAC (35 patients, 21%) regimens. One hundred and nineteen patients (70%) were transplanted with HLA-identical donor (sibling donor, n=66; unrelated donor; n=53), while 52 patients (30%) received transplantation from alternative donor (mismatched unrelated donor, n=18; cord blood, n=14; haploidentical donor, n=20). We found that 91 patients (53%) have a hematopoietic cell transplantation comorbidity index (HCT-CI) between 0 and 2, while 80 patients (47%) had a HCT-CI ≥ 3. Disease risk index (DRI) was low, intermediate, high and very high in 4 (2%), 108 (63%), 55 (33%) and 4 (2%) patients, respectively.

Results:

NRM at day+100 and 3 years were 7% and 23%, respectively. Cumulative incidences of grade 2-4 acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and chronic GVHD were 20% and 28%, respectively. With a median follow-up of 32 months (3.3-99.5), 3-years cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), overall survival (OS) and progression free-survival (PFS) were 32%, 52% and 45%, respectively.

Although we found a trend for higher NRM in patients aged above 65 years ( = 65 years: 20% vs. 28%, p=0.056), no impact of age was found on PFS ( = 65 years: 44% vs. 46%, p=0.662) and OS ( = 65 years: 50% vs. 54%, p=0.750). DRI significantly influenced outcome (low + intermediate vs. high + very high: PFS: 53% vs. 28%, p=0.011; OS: 60% vs. 34%, p=0.020) while patients who received NMAC regimens had significantly lower PFS (NMAC vs. RIC vs. RTC: PFS: 26% vs. 50% vs. 50%, p=0.028) and OS (NMAC vs. RIC vs. RTC: PFS: 30% vs. 57% vs. 63%, p=0.031).There were no significant differences of OS or PFS among patients groups classified according to type of donor, sex mismatch, donors' age, donors' sex, donors' CMV antibodies positivity, patients' sex, HCT-CI, disease classification, graft's source or whether they were transplanted before or after 2010.

In multivariate analysis model including conditioning type (NMAC vs. RIC vs. RTC), DRI (low + intermediate vs. high + very high), HCT-CI (0-2 vs. >=3), patients' age (continuous) and donors' type (HLA-identical vs. alternative donor), high/very high DRI as well as the use of NMAC regimens were independent poor predictive factor associated with higher CIR and shorter PFS (HR, 95%CI=1.77, 1.16-2.72; p=0.009 for DRI; HR, 95% CI=1.87, 1.11-3.13; p=0.018 for NMAC) and OS (HR, 95% CI=1.75, 1.11-2.75; p=0.016 for DRI; HR, 95% CI=1.98, 1.14-3.45; p=0.016 for NMAC). Patient's age was associated with higher NRM (HR, 95% CI=1.10, 1.01-1.19; p=0.027).

Conclusion:

Our data shows that though aged patients still generally at a higher risk of NRM, Allo-HSCT using adapted conditioning regimen can provide low NRM and prolonged survival. Beyond the feasibility, disease relapse appears as the major issue after Allo-HSCT. To optimize conditioning regimen for older patients may be a viable option to enhance disease control without raising toxicity. Indeed, the development of RIC/RTC regimens may improve overall outcome of older patients suffering from myeloid diseases. In contrast, truly NMAC regimens may provide insufficient disease control. The optimal conditioning intensity in the setting of older patients with myeloid malignancies remains undefined and should be evaluated in further prospective trials.

Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


This essay is based on the dissertation delivered by the author upon his appointing as Honorary Professor of the University of Piura, in which he make a comparative analysis between the law's characteristic knowledge and teaching in the European continental and in the Anglo-American traditions. Since the origin of the European universities, lawyer's training was founded in the possibility of a rational, etiological, critical and systematic knowledge of the human being and his social requirements, and therefore of the law as well, getting to generate, along the centuries, and, with a particular development since the nineteenth century, in the European continental area, a solid law science, with mature achievements, largely spread all over the world, although it has also had to overcome no few failures, some among them with disastrous social results, and indeed its progress has not a completely secure protection from the backward steps. This dissertation sustains that, even within theirs limits, the law's characteristic knowledge and teaching in the European continental area consolidate tradition present noticeable advantages over the different reality of the law experience and learning in Anglo-American world, based in a empirical pragmatism, imbued with a reluctance to an properly scientific approach rooted in the cultural break represented, in the fourteenth century, by Ockham nominalism.


A pressure-resistant container-vehicle gas sensor device for sensing gas leakage of the pressure-resistant container mounted in a vehicle is disclosed. Pressure vessel is added the body of the pressure-resistant container placed in the inner space of the case jidoe is mounted on the vehicle, wherein the case is provided so that the first case member and second case member are combined in a closed interior space is formed, said case the inner wall is provided with a buffer protrusion becomes are formed so that the outer wall and the inner wall of the casing of the pressure vessel not in contact with, one side of the case is provided with a gas pressure sensor to sense the pressure between said pressure vessel and the case can is formed to a body portion at one side is formed so jidoe the discharge pipe protrude, the discharge pipe of the pressure vessel is characterized by being covered with a discharge pipe casing provided with a first gas leak detection sensors.


1435 Commentary—Hurwitz and Khawaja THE ALMOST INEVITABLE EXPERIENCES OF LIFETHREATENING TRAUMATA AND THE UBIQUITOUS CONFLICTS THAT PROMOTE THESE EVENTS HAVE left countless survivors with persisting cognitive, autonomic, and behavioral sequelae. Known in previous generations as battle fatigue, acute stress reaction, thousand-yard stare, soldiers heart syndrome, irritable heart, Da Costa Syndrome, shell shock, and many other designations, it was rediscovered and renamed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after its description by Friedman in 1980 as the Post-Vietnam Syndrome.1 It is estimated that as many as 15% to 30% of Vietnam combat veterans developed this disorder2 and that it affects 11% to 17% of recent Iraq and Afghanistan combat veterans.3 Current DSM IV diagnostic criteria include (A) exposure or witness to a seriously traumatic event with intense emotional response; (B) recurrent re-experiencing of the event in various ways; (C) persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma and numbing of general responsiveness; and (D) persistent autonomic, cognitive, and/or behavioral hyperarousal.4 Criterion B includes nightmares that have been designated the "hallmark symptom" of PTSD,5 and criterion D includes insomnia and other parasomnias. The nightmares typically include vivid trauma-related content. They are not exclusively REM-sleep related and emerge from all stages of sleep. Patients typically describe insomnia and parasomnias such as loud somniloquy, and arousals resembling sleep terrors or panic. Some describe motor activation during sleep like sleepwalking or even dream enactment suggestive of REM sleep behavior disorder. Polysomnographic studies have not demonstrated consistent findings to implicate a fundamental sleep disorder of PTSD, but studies of sleep microstructure and brain imaging may offer more insight.6-8 There have been reports of increased incidence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with PTSD, and comorbidity is not unexpected, given the already high prevalence of OSA.9 In the paper by El-Solh and colleagues10 in this issue of SLEEP, the authors report on adherence to therapy with various modalities of positive airway pressure (PAP) in a consecutive retrospective case series of OSA in veterans with and without PTSD. Using the Computerized Patient Record System at a Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, the authors abstracted cases from a continuous 4.5-year period to compare 142 veterans with OSA and PTSD with 147 having OSA without PTSD that were matched for age, race, gender, BMI, and OSA severity indices. These individuals were seen for initial follow-up at 30 days following prescription of PAP, reflecting a loss to followup of only 6 PTSD subjects and one control. Adherence to PAP was defined by > 4 hours use per night for 70% of nights. Using this definition, 82 of 142 patients (57.7%) with PTSD and 43 of 147 control cases (29.3%) were non-adherent.10 In the PTSD group, non-adherence to PAP was associated with post-treatment endorsement of nightmares (P = 0.002) and PAP adherence with pre-treatment Epworth Sleepiness Scale score (P = 0.01). Nightmares were endorsed at follow-up visit by 28% of adherent and 56% of non-adherent patients, as compared with 73% of all PTSD patients prior to treatment. Adherent patients endorsed pre-treatment ESS scores greater by 2 points, compared with non-adherent patients (14.4 ± 5.3 vs 12.3 ± 5.9). This small difference suggests a relationship between symptomatic sleepiness and motivation for therapy, but is not enough to indicate much clinical significance. Though depression and substance abuse were more frequently documented in the PTSD patients, they did not distinguish adherent from nonadherent cases; neither did age, BMI, marital status, employment, substance abuse, severity of OSA, pulmonary function (FEV1), PAP modality, mask type, or pressure. Opiate medication was prescribed for more non-adherent patients (26% vs 13%) but this did not reach statistical significance. There was no significant difference for any of the common complaints about PAP use such as mask discomfort, air hunger, high pressure, claustrophobia, leaks, nasal dryness, or epistaxis. El-Solh et al. suggest that persistent nightmares could influence treatment adherence by frequent awakenings. Indeed, this could inhibit replacement of the mask in the setting of postawakening anxiety. It may also indicate a bidirectional relationship, with nightmare-related anxiety leading to reduced mask use and PAP or OSA-related increases in nightmare propensity. Their retrospective study does not permit evaluation of posttreatment total sleep time, sleep efficiency, or patient interview data to clarify these possible relationships. Also, the absence of quantitative PTSD assessment does not allow for comparison of PTSD severity between adherent and non-adherent patients. The authors correctly note that their chart review does not permit evaluation of initial response to PAP titration, social support system, referral source, or understanding of risk.10 The high lack of adherence to PAP in these cases of OSA in patients with PTSD poses major challenges as well as opCOMMENTARY


In the present work, by introducing the fractional derivative in the sense of Caputo, the He's homotopy perturbation method (HPM) and variational iteration method (VIM) are used to study the Navier-Stokes equation with fractional orders. The analytical solutions are calculated in the form of series with easily computable components. Two examples are given. The present methods perform well in terms of efficiency and simplicity. Λ good agreement of the result is observed.


The removal of Cd(II) ionic from waste water using bamboo charcoal adsorption has been investigated as a function of acid treated,contact time,pH,temperature and BC dosage.The results showed that the adsorption of Cd(II) is a exothermic process and the adsorption data fit the Freundlich model.Under the best conditions and initial concentration of 15 mg·L-1,the untreated bamboo charcoal adsorption capacity reached 11.0 mg·g-1 and cadmium ion adsorption percentage reached above 99 %.


Natural gas from coal formations as a relatively clean unconventional fuel with lower emissions of environmental pollutants than coal and petroleum products has received more concern.As the main component of coalbed methane,CH4 is originally thought to be thermogenic,but more envidence of isotopic composition for CH4 and CO2 and formation water has shown that biogenic methane is widespread in coalbeds and sediments.It is estimated that in nature biogenic methane accounts for 20%~ 65% of the total natural gas production.Due to the develepment of new molacular methods,the subsurface microibal ecosystem has been uncovered.Based on the simulation of microbial methane produciton in the lab,the generation and accumulation of CH4 in coal seams have been greatly accelerated.However,this complex transformation process of coal to methane is not fully understood,so we need more research on the mechanism of initial degradation of solid coal and what factors control the methane production and producing rate.


The perception, and perhaps reality, is that database theory toe rarely aids system-builders, and hence is a bad place to invest resources. While theoretical paradigms from mathematics receive priority, implementation efforts suffer from a lack of adequate, relevant theoretical models. Simultaneously, young theoreticians are being pushed unwillingly into jobs that don't utilize their academic skills. Support will increase only if more database theory is seen to impact real systems.


Recent European and global trends in education have been to promote inclusive education and expand education, resulting in the increased provision of special education. In promoting inclusive education, recent special education reforms have also aimed to curtail the rise in identification rates for students in special education, for example, by focusing more on early support and discontinuing fiscal incentives to identify students with special educational needs. Using official special education statistics, we studied how Finland's special education system reforms changed the share of students in special education. In addition, we examined variations in special education provisions among municipalities before and after the reforms, and identified municipal-level predictors of variations. This study utilised piecewise linear latent growth curve modelling to analyse changes, thereby providing an example of how this method can be applied in policy reform studies. The results indicated, in particular, that the funding reform has incentivised municipalities to decrease identification rates for students in special education and to diminish special education provision. However, different municipalities have different special education provisions and have changed these provisions in varied ways. In particular, we found that small and large municipalities differ in special education practices and reform implementation.


Thermal acclimation for lobsters transferred from 14.5 °C. to 23.0 °C. is complete in 22 days. Substantial acclimation to low salinity and to low oxygen occurs within one week. Lethal levels of these three factors are not altered by differences in size within the range 16–34 cm., by difference in the areas where lobsters were caught, or by starvation for up to 57 days. Moulting lobsters are less resistant to high temperature, low salinity and low oxygen conditions than hard-shelled lobsters.Upper lethal temperature levels and lower lethal salinity and oxygen levels were investigated for hard-shelled lobsters acclimated to each of the 27 combinations of three levels of temperature (5, 15 and 25 °C.), salinity (20, 25 and 30‰), and oxygen (2.9, 4.3 and 6.4 mg./l.). The upper lethal temperature is raised by an increase in thermal acclimation, and is lowered by a decrease in the salinity and oxygen acclimation levels. The lower lethal salinity is raised by an increase in the level of thermal acclimation and a...


Based on analyzing driving factors of regional carbon emissions change which is included of energy structure,energy emission intensity,energy efficiency and economic development factors,this paper sets up a decomposition analysis model of regional carbon emissions change by employing logarithmic mean weigh division index method(LMDI).Moreover,through a case study of Chongqing,it acquires data of energy,population,economy and other basic data of Chongqing from 1997 to 2009 to empirical study.Empirical evaluation shows that: carbon emissions and per capita carbon emissions in Chongqing present an obviously upward trend with time series,their evolution trends are very similar and both show two-phases(smooth evolution and rapid evolution) feature.In addition,factor analysis of carbon emission change shows that the contribution value to carbon emissions per capita of economic development factors is increasing year by year,and economic development factors are main factors of driving a rapid growth of carbon emissions in Chongqing.The inhibitory effect of energy efficiency factors on carbon emissions per capita is increasing gradually,which plays a greater inhibition role in carbon emissions per capita.However,the inhibitory effect of energy structure factors on carbon emissions per capita is not significant.Finally,some policy recommendations on controlling carbon emissions in Chongqing are put forward based on empirical analysis.


A series of novel 9- anilinoacridines was designed and their molecular docking studies into the active site were examined as topoisomerase I inhibitor. Several compounds showed significant high simulation docking score. The designed compounds were synthesized and biologically evaluated against mammary carcinoma cell line (MCF- 7), where compounds 8,11e,11f,13b,14b,14e and 14f showed significant inhibitory activity at a concentration 10ig/mL). It appears that the in vitro activity of compounds 8,11e,11f,13b,14b,14e and 14f were consistent with their molecular modeling results, and compound 14b showed the highest activity with IC 50 value of 7.8 µg. (Journal of American Science. 2010;6(11):148-158). (ISSN: 1545-1003).


When organizing a discussion on the science-religion dialogue one usually starts with the two basic questions: "Why?" and "How?". The initial motivation is always deeply personal, but one immediately realizes the necessity to include wider social aspects of the problem, due to the fact that both science and religion are intrinsically connected with the development of our Western civilization. They had and still have deep impact on the conditions in our societies, and vice versa, these conditions strongly influence their relationship. The answers to the original questions should therefore consider both the universal and the situation specific parts, though they are often related. Without taking into account the latter aspect one could not understand the roots of possible conflicts and even less be able to find ways for their resolution. This general statement becomes especially relevant in times of great social upheavals and changes, as is the case today after the collapse of communism in some countries of Central and Eastern Europe and their attempted transition to democracy. All totalitarian regimes of the 20th century in Europe were strongly influenced by the scientistic ideas and used them as the ideological tool (together with the brute force) to persecute religion and religious segments of the population, particularly intellectuals, who were thus eliminated from public life and their natural role in the society. The quest for absolute power, typical of the totalitarian regimes, also included destruction and/or total control and manipulation of all institutions, including academic, cultural and even religious ones, thus preventing their normal functioning in a civil society which includes the tolerant and argumentative discussion including the science-religion dialogue. In this paper, as part of the answer to the "How?" question, we want to illustrate some of the consequences of this totalitarian period which make this dialogue different and more complex than in other social situations. In particular this refers to the change in the mentality and attitudes resulting from ideological pressures in education, media, including systematic brainwashing of the population, suppression of information and sheer terror. Destruction of the institutions, mentioned above, as well as the continuing but disguised pressures from the old power centers ("nomenklatura") should also be considered. We also want to amplify the answer to the "Why?" question by emphasizing the special need for the science-religion dialogue in post-totalitarian societies, as part of the process that would contribute to the establishment of a more tolerant intellectual (and also political) atmosphere in the society. Elimination of the ideologically induced prejudices would lead specifically to the rehabilitation of the religious segment of the population who should thus acquire their proper role in the society.


Deficiencies in Kauffman's proposal regarding a new way for building scientific theories are pointed out. A suggestion to overcome them, and in fact, independently construct mathematical theories which are beyond the reach of Goedel's incompleteness theorem is presented. This suggestion is based on bringing together recent developments in literature regarding inconsistent mathematics and self-referential mathematics.


Abstract An alternative interpretation to Bohm's 'quantum force' and 'active information' is proposed. Numerical evidence is presented, which suggests that the time series of Bohm's 'quantum force' evaluated at the Bohmian position for non-stationary quantum states are typically non-Gaussian stable distributed with a flat power spectrum in classically chaotic Hamitonian systems. An important implication of these statistical properties is briefly mentioned


Legislation in the United States, such as the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act and the Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act, mandates service system collaboration to meet the complex needs of young children with disabilities who have experienced abuse. This literature review examines extant literature related to young children with disabilities who have experienced abuse. Gaps in the literature are identified and future directions are discussed.


We consider multi-period one-dimension assortment problems in which demands for all sizes meet the conditions for a dynamic demand economic lot size problem, the same set of sizes are stocked and the same substitution rules are followed in all periods (stationary stocking-substitution policies), and substitution costs have a 'scrap' component and, possibly, either unit-dependent or unit-independent fixed costs. We develop the form of an optimal solution for certain assumptions about the nature of the cost functions and for the relationships among demand patterns for the different sizes. Solution algorithms are developed for both segmented and quasi-segmented stocking-substitution policies and computation-reduction results are developed.


Based on the heat transfer model of the generator stator bars,the three-dimensional temperature field distribution of the generator stator bar is analyzed in the finite element method.As the object of study,the low er bar of one 600 MW generator stator is analyzed to obtain the temperature distribution w hen the hollow strands are partly blocked.The results show that w hen the hollow strands are blocked,the stator bar's temperature distribution is affected to different extents.With the blockage coefficient increasing,the temperature of the stator bar rises w hen one hollow strand is partly blocked.


The paper presents the results of modeling and their verification based on numerous experimental studies of the temperature dependences of the amplitude-frequency characteristics of molecular-electronic sensors as exemplified in a linear displacement sensor. Data on the temperature dependence of the amplitude-frequency characteristic and background currents for a water-alcohol based electrolyte with the addition of low concentrations of potassium iodide have been accumulated and systematized. Various types of conversion nodes have been studied, differing in the conversion area, the number and density of electrode grids. While processing the results, refined models of temperature dependences have been formed, analytical approximating curves have been selected for each family of characteristics, and the activation energies of viscosity and diffusion have been calculated for various physical mechanisms that manifest themselves in the observed experimental patterns.


The present invention discloses a pressurized open system shaped gypsum powder preparation and modification of an integrated process successively comprising: gypsum crushing, sieving, milling, washing stand; gypsum and water at ambient temperature pretreatment formulation into the slurry; adding water and glycerol form alcohol aqueous solution was sufficiently stirred; continuously stirred at 90 ~ 140 ℃ 20 ~ 180min; 0.1% to 5% of the modifier; stirring was continued the heating was stopped after 5 ~ 60? min; cool to room temperature; filtered, wash water 3-5 times to remove surface residual glycerin, residues 80 to 200? ℃ dried to obtain a modified gypsum powder shaped product. This method is simple, easy to handle and easy industrial production.


The purpose of this research is to identify consumers' perceived values and consumption emotions from dessert consumption experience. In this study, dessert is defined as sweet dish (as of cake, cookies, macaron, chocolate), ice cream, fruits or sweet beverages. In order to understand various types ...


Objective To induce ultraviolet(UV) damage model using primitive cultured fibroblasts in vitro and study the antioxidant effect of rapeseed lecithin.Methods The primary skin fibroblasts were cultured in vitro and then induced oxidation lesion model by UV-radiation with UVA and UVB dose at 5 J/cm2 and 0.6 J/cm2 respectively.The culture fluid in the test group was replaced by antioxidant medium contain 1mg/ml rapeseed lecithin.The blank control group,radiation group,Vitamin C(VC) positive control group were set.The cell viability,reactive oxygen species(ROS),superoxide dismutase(SOD) and cell apoptosis were measured by using microculture tetrazolium(MTT) assay,2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescin(DCFH) labeling and Annexinv /PI fluorescein di-labeling method.Results The SOD level in the test group was significantly higher than that in the radiation group(P0.05).ROS fluorescence intensity and cell apoptosis rate were significantly decrease in the test group(P0.05).Conclusion UV can induce the oxidative lesion of the primary skin fibroblasts cells.Rapeseed lecithin has a certain antioxidant efficacy which is lower than that of VC.


The invention relates to a junction box of a solar photovoltaic cell, belonging to the technical field of solar photovoltaic power supply assemblies. The junction box comprises a junction box body, a cover, a group of conducting strips and a group of bypass diodes and is characterized in that the junction box body is also provided with a built-in shell; the group of conducting strips and the group of bypass diodes are arranged in the built-in shell; the group of bypass diodes are electrically connected with the group of conducting strips in a parallel connection manner; conducting strip pins of the group of conducting strips pass through the built-in shell and the junction box body so as to extend to a hollow-out cavity in an exposed state; and a conducting ferrule is respectively fixed on the front conducting strip and the tail conducting strip in the group of conducting strips, wherein one conducting ferrule is inserted into an anode socket, and the other conducting ferrule is inserted into a cathode socket. The junction box disclosed by the invention has the advantages of prolonging the service life of the bypass diodes, ensuring an effect of connection between a solar battery lead and an external lead, reducing the manufacturing, installing and maintaining difficulties and ensuring that the situation that the bypass diodes are influenced in the process of fixedly connecting a bus bar with the conducting strip pins cannot occur.


Due to dramatic increases in microprocessor performance, medium-grain ensemble multi-processors have become an economical hardware platform on which to solve compute-intensive problems. Unfortunately, the use of these systems to solve such problems is hampered by a lack of understanding about the behavior of parallel programs at all levels of execution | hardware, operating system, and runtime system. The goal of the Parallel Execution Evaluation Testbed project at the University of Colorado is to improve the general understanding about the performance of parallel programs and systems at these levels using trace-driven simulation. In this paper, we discuss the validity of trace-driven simulation of parallel programs, the diiculties of applying this approach to evaluating parallel programs, and a new technique to abstract the logical behavior of the program and capture it in the traces we collect. We describe how this abstract trace information can be used to understand the behavior of parallel systems.


Although effective means currently exist for diminishing the transmission of hepatitis B (serum hepatitis) by blood transfusion, post-transfusion hepatitis continues to be one of the major serious complications of the administration of blood and blood products. In behooves the hematologist to keep abreast of developments in this field because of their large usage of potentially icterogenic products and their responsibility to blood banking. The purpose of this article is to review briefly the history of post-transfusion hepatitis, show how recent changes in blood banking practices have decreased this hazard and describe the existent hepatitis problems associated with blood component therapy. Hepatitis is an ancient disease described by Hippocrates. However, paren ted transmission was not known until 1883 when an outbreak developed among individuals vaccinated against smallpox with a lymph of human origin (1). Earlier in this century, jaundice was observed among patients attending diabetic and veneral disease clinics where syringes and needles were inadequately sterilized. In 1938, Findlay and MacCallum described the occurrence of jaundice among individuals two to seven months after inoculation with yellow fever vaccine and correctly surmised that the icterus was caused by a virus in the human sera which had been added as a stabilizer for the vaccine (2). A similar occurrence was subsequently reported following the use of convalescent serum to prevent measles ( 3 ) . Widespread recognition of this problem did not occur until 1942 when there was a massive outbreak of hepatitis among United States military personnel following inoculation with a yellow fever vaccine that contained human sera (4). Although posttransfusion hepatitis had not been described in 1942, the American Red Cross Blood Donor Service began to reject all donors with a history of jaundice within the previous six months as a precautionary measure (5). In 1943, Beeson first described patients who developed hepatitis one to four months after the transfusion of blood or plasma (6). Recognition of this problem rapidly increased with subsequent reports providing confirmatory information.


Functional coupling between L-type calcium channels (LTCCs) of the sarcolemma and ryanodine receptors (RyR) of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) at the junctional membrane (JM) is crucial for the excitation–contraction coupling (ECC) of striated muscles. Junctophilins (JPs) stabilize the JM by bridging the sarcolemmal and SR membranes. We recently reported that expression of JP1 mutant lacking its C-terminal transmembrane domain in mouse skeletal muscles significantly reduced their contractile force without disrupting JM, revealing a novel role of JP1 to directly support the physical LTCC–RyR1 interaction. Thus, we next investigated by using an analogous JP2 mutant (JP2Δ427), a role of JP2 in cardiac myocytes where LTCCs regulate RyR2 not directly but indirectly through Ca 2+ induced Ca 2+ release (CICR). Nonetheless, JP2Δ427 also significantly reduced the peak twitch calcium transient of ventricular myocytes and the fractional shortening of the left ventricle from 43 to 31% without causing overt heart failure. Interestingly, it recruited LTCCs to the surface sarcolemma from T-tubules without disrupting T-tubules. Therefore, JP2 supports the cardiac ECC by aligning LTCC and RyR2 within an adequate distance for CICR. In this symposium, we will discuss how JPs regulates ECC of striated muscles.


Was the Sinclair Scientific calculator elegant? It certainly was a hit, gracing the cover of publications like Popular Mechanic s after its release in 1974. Cleverly written firmware dragooned its limited processor, intended only for basic arithmetic, into performing way beyond specifications. This allowed Sinclair to sell a scientific calculator to countless folks who otherwise could not have afforded one. But it was also slow and sometimes inaccurate, provided barely enough mathematical functions to qualify as a scientific calculator, and was difficult for the uninitiated to use.


Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a quite over-looked imaging modality within the field of brain-computer-interface (BCI) research, but due to its promising signal quality and non-invasive character it offers a variety of unexplored possibilities for paradigm design in electrocorticography (ECoG). In this study we investigate MEG data from a visual paradigm with motor responses for the influence of brain signals from different brain regions on the achievable decoding accuracies. Across data sets from all four subjects, our results consistently match reasonable expectations. This holds true not only for achievable decoding accuracies, but also for the spatial distrubition of brain regions that contribute most valuable information to the classifier. Therefore, our findings are a step further towards estimations of ECoG outcomes in various grid positions based on a fully non-invasive modality.


Structural and functional longitudinal alterations of the lungs were followed in an emphysema model. Rats were treated with porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE, n = 21) or saline (controls, C, n = 19). Before the treatment and 3, 10, 21 and 105 days thereafter, absolute lung volumes (FRC, TLC and RV) and tissue mechanical parameters (elastance: H; damping: G) were determined. At 3, 21 and 105 days the lungs were fixed in subgroups of rats. From histological samples the equivalent diameter of airspaces (Dalv), elastin xtracellular matrix lethysmography ung mechanics rthogonal polarization spectral imaging (Mec) and collagen densities were assessed. In the PPE group, FRC and RV were higher from 3 days after treatment compared to controls (p < 0.001), while TLC exhibited a delayed increase. H and G decreased in the PPE group throughout the study (p < 0.001). Higher Mec (p < 0.001) and late-phase inflammation were observed at 105 days. We conclude that during the progression of emphysema, septal failures increase his re Dalv which decreases H; t


Abstract: Government policy affects the competitiveness of engineering companies; however, the literature describes a landscape in which technical professionals are largely absent from the policy-making process, resulting in sub-optimal policy outcomes and compromised competitive stances. This article describes ongoing efforts to derive a framework for policy decision-making by engineering managers. The framework is based on the principles of heat and mass transfer. Specifically, models of heat transfer – conduction, convection and radiation – in the physical sciences, are used to describe policy transfer scenarios. An initial comparison of the model for conduction is made with the innovativeness model from public policy research, in the context of policy diffusion among U.S. states. We highlight limitations in the current model, the need for additional data, and the potential for improved specification in diffusion research.


EXPANDING INDICATIONS FOR IMATINIB (GLEEVEC): METASTATIC SARCOMA DERIVED FROM DERMATOFIBROSARCOMA PROTUBERANS A unique translocation fusing the promoter of the collagen gene to the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) beta chain results in localized PDGF production and an autocrine tumor of the skin called dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP). While benign in most cases, this tumor can evolve into a metastatic carcinoma with a poor prognosis in up to 5% of cases. Imatinib, also called Gleevec, was developed as an inhibitor of the PDGF tyrosine kinase and recently showed dramatic clinical benefits in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia, a tumor dependent on another tyrosine kinase, the bcr-abl fusion protein. In this report, Maki and colleagues (pages 623– 626) describe two cases of metastatic sarcoma arising from dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. Both patients had lung tumors resistant to chemotherapy and both were given Imatinib (400 mg PO QD) and followed up. One of the patients showed a partial and transient response, but then the disease progressed rapidly and the patient died. Remarkably, the other patient showed a partial response, with shrinking of metastatic lung lesions and resolution of a superior vena cava syndrome. In this patient the response persists 6 months after initiating therapy. Though anecdotal, the results reported in this article suggest that a larger-scale clinical trial is warranted for Imatinib for this indication. These observations also suggest that Imatinib could be investigated as first-line treatment against dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, tumors that are difficult to resect. Further work will also be required to determine whether the response of these tumors to Imatinib can be predicted based on their molecular phenotype with respect to PDGF receptor mutation, the site of the fusion with the collagen promoter and the fusion gene copy number.


The industrial internet of things (IIoT) enhances industrial and manufacturing operations by using smart sensors and actuators. However, it is hampered due to the energy efficiency requirements, real time performance requirements in a dynamic environment, and maintaining the security of applications. Security is a serious issue nowadays and is mostly caused by abnormal traffic of some nodes. For detecting those abnormalities, there are two basic machine learning approaches, namely Federated and Centralized Learning. Centralized Learning has better performance, but it has a privacy issue since edge devices send data to the server. On the other hand, Federate Learning obviates privacy issues, but it has less performance due to the resource limitation of edge devices. In this study, a typical hybrid learning based abnormality detection framework has been proposed in which edge devices undertake Federated Learning with a limited number of datasets and the edge server will use the periodically collected aggregated data from edge devices. For security reasons, edge devices share their data after a certain period of time when the time value of the data has declined. We have used Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) Autoencoders with two different datasets (a smaller for edge devices and a larger for the edge server) for the demonstration. The experimental result shows that the size of the dataset affects the predicting performance and resource utilization in an anomaly detection model.


It is shown that the main peak profiles of monochromatic Total reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis (TXRF) depend very much on the misorientation of the crystallographic [001] axis or the vicinal surface of Si(001) wafer from the crystallographic direction, when TXRF is used for trace analysis of Si wafers. This phenomenon is closely related to the diffraction phenomenon of evanescent beam penetration into a Si wafer under the condition of total external reflection.


Established in 1847 as College of Civil Engineering at Roorkee (India) the Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee ( IITR) ranks among the first engineering educational institutions of the world. The Central Library of the Institute was established as College Library in 1848 with a few hundred books and now has a collection of over 300,000 documents in practically every field of knowledge. Its collection of civil engineering is unmatched in India. This year's library budget is approximately 60 million Indian Rupees (1.3 million US dollars). The Central Library is a rare amalgamation of the old and the new. While on one hand it has got an excellent archival collection on the other it uses latest information technologies in its services. The library has its own Local Area Network with fifty nodes, three network servers, two CD-ROM precatching servers and a number of printers. It is connected to the fiber optic network (FON) of the Institute enabling access by all Institute users to library resources. The library has embarked on creation of digital resources in a big way by (i) acquiring digital resources available online such as e-journals, ebooks etc. (ii) acquiring databases available in CD-ROMs and (iii) by converting its own holdings of dissertations and archival collection into digital formats. The archival collection of the library has attracted special attention as most of the part belongs to late eighteenth and nineteenth century. It has been a real challenge to digitize this collection as it greatly varies in forms and size. Special care has been taken while digitizing this material as most of the collection has become fragile. The paper aims to describe the all the above services in detail. It will provide the details of networked environment as IIT Roorkee, linking of the library LAN with Institute FON. It will provide details of the services made available on intranet as well as on Internet Process and technology of digitization of archival collection as well as theses are discussed in detail. Concludes with the future digitization plans of the Library.


The method for analysis and calculation of transients in electrical circuits taking into account the magnetic field penetration in massive conductors is presented. The paper describes the analytic solution for pulse response and indicial admittance of massive conductors at the initial stage of transients. The algorithms for calculation of transients in electrical circuits with massive conductors are presented. The author considers as an example the current waveforms of the capacitor discharge in the oscillatory circuit and pulse forming network (PFN) with massive conductor.


Aim:To investigate the clinical prosthedontic effects of immediate loading of single tooth implants in the anterior maxilla.Methods:A total of 12 patients have been treated with the insertion of 12 FRIALIT 2 Synchro stepped screw implants. All implants were immediately restored with unsplinted acrylic resin provisional crowns and occlusal splints. Regular controls were performed in monthly intervals, intraoral radiographs were taken directly after implant placement, 24 and 48 weeks after insertion. The survival rate, clinical stability (Periotest, PTV), and radiographic coronal bone defects (CBD24 and CBD48) were evaluated at delivery of the definitive superstructures.Results:The median PTV 24 weeks post insertion was -2 with a minimum of -5 and a maximum of +2.The values of CBD 24 and CBD 48 were 0.46 and 0.75 mm. No implant failed up to 12 months after insertion resulting in a survival rate of 100%.Conclusion:It is evident that immediate loading protocols of single tooth implantation in the anterior maxilla are successful. It requires a careful and strict patient selection in order to achieve the best primary stability and to avoid any excessive functional or non functional loading.


A current source converter (CSC) is a promising topology for interfacing aircraft generators with the onboard DC microgrid. In this paper, a hybrid predictive control is proposed for the CSC with an output LC filter in such application. Deadbeat predictive control with larger sampling time is applied to the output circuit, generating reference source currents. Finite-set model predictive control with smaller sampling time is applied to the input circuit to achieve sinusoidal source currents, which is simplified by saving the source current predictions. The proposed scheme eliminates both the proportional-integral controller and the weighting factor, which are required in the existing studies. Besides, it has lower control complexity. A SiC-MOSFET-based prototype is used to verify the validity of the proposed scheme. Experimental results under 150 V/350–800 Hz AC input and 270 V DC output demonstrate the superior control performance.


a Image Processing Laboratory, Department of Earth Physics and Thermodynamics, University of Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain b Department of Water Resources, Faculty ITC, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands c Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy d P&M Technologies, 66 Millwood Street, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada


We study how the choice of the regularization parameter affects the quality of the reconstruction of the dielectric permittivity for an inhomogeneous medium, with data consisting of boundary observations of the electric field. Our method is based on the minimization of a Tikhonov functional and uses a finite element method for computations of the electric field. We conclude that the choice of the regularization parameter does not affect the quality of the reconstruction significantly in the studied cases, and can even be removed with results not significantly different from those with regularization.


The nation of Cameroon practices Exoglossic Bilingualism whereby, French and English are used as official languages instituted by the constitution of Cameroon. Alongside the official languages are about 284 minority languages with unequal vitality. The official languages together with a lingua franca Pidgin English and a few indigenous languages which have gained regional recognition exert great pressure on some of the indigenous minority languages, endangering them and leaving some almost at the verge of extinction if the situation is not reversed. Endeavours at assessing the language vitality situation reveal that Ngwo and Maŋkuŋə (generally known as mankon) spoken in the North West, Nweh in the South West, and Ngomba in the West regions of Cameron face such pressure and are each relatively endangered. Various strategies worthwhile to overcome language endangerment have been considered.


The author explores issues and challenges likely to be encountered in trying to develop and implement a DFE (design for environment) or green design program. The need for a comprehensive green product realization program is also discussed, and other factors affecting what can be achieved by means of green design today are reviewed. It is noted that, while green design clearly has a role to play in the effort to reduce the lifetime environmental impacts of products, strictly design based activities alone are likely to be insufficient to achieve the desired goals. The complexity of the task calls for a more comprehensive product stewardship or green product realization approach. Since green design is still in its nascent stages, many issues pertaining to implementing viable green design programs remain to be addressed, and challenges, such as the development of effective green design tools, must be met.<<ETX>>


The Modulated Wideband Converter (MWC) is one of the promising sub-Nyquist sampling architectures for sparse wideband signal sensing, cognitive radio applications and so on. In order to design an MWC-based RF receiver that meets a target RF specification, noise figure (NF) of the MWC has to be well-defined by its design properties. In this paper, we investigate a comprehensive explanation for NF of MWC by an analytic approach based on a proposed notation of an average noise figure (ANF) of the MWC. Consequently, the analysis is proven with simulation results in order to demonstrate its feasibility.


Mathematics classrooms have a long history of what has been termed 'unidimensional' character: a proclivity for student practice routines and teachers as experts and keepers of knowledge. This study investigates affordances of student-created digital learning objects (SC-DLOs) as transformative, design-for-learning practices in the hands of students. Historical distinctions are drawn between digital learning objects (DLOs) and digital learning artefacts (DLAs) primarily for teacher assessment of student learning. SC-DLOs are conceived as students' design for learning for the peer learning community. Hence, SC-DLOs have additional and different learning potential that aligns with 21st century skill development. A corpus of mathematics SC-DLOs (n=155) were analysed from learner blogs (Year 7-8) in a 1:1 digital initiative in New Zealand. A mixed-methods approach was used to investigate features of students' multimodal design for learning. A framework of implications informs and problematises understandings of transformative digital creation by students in mathematics.


Komarov EV, Shabanov PD. [The Treatment of Alcohol Dependence and Anxiety Disorders with Proproten-100 and Patient"s Quality of Life]. Psychopharmacol Biol Narcol. 2009 9(1-2). Epub 2009 May 04. Russian. The psychological peculiarities of emotional and motivational state and patient"s quality of life following a course of proproten-100 therapy were studied in 18 alcoholic patients in the period of remission formation and in 72 patients with anxiety disorders. The high therapeutical efficacy of proproten-100 was revealed in both groups of patients. Proproten-100 improved not only psychological status, but the patient"s quality of life too. [in Russian with English Summary]. Citation: Psychopharmacol. Biol. Narcol. 2009. Vol. 9, N 1-2. P. 2546-2555


The aim. Studying of influence of the control glycaemia on development of diastolic dysfunction and remodelling of left ventricular in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) with presence or absence of essential arterial hypertension was evaluated. Material and methods. In 133 patients with DM aged 26 to 66 years without ischemic heart disease the echocardiography with estimation of diastolic properties and diagnostics of remodeling of left ventricular has been investigated. Results. The diastolic dysfunction in 25.9% and remodeling of left ventricular in 35.4% patients with DM without essential arterial hypertension were observed. Poor compensation of DM (level of HbAlc >7,5 %), which was accompanied by more often development of demyelinating neuropathy, resulted in weighting of diastolic dysfunction and remodelling of left ventricular as with presence, and absence of the essential arterial hypertension in patients with diabetes. Conclusion. Absence of indemnification of exchange of the carbohydrates in patients with MD irrespective of presence of arterial hypertension associates with more expressed remodelling of the hearts.


We investigate the detection problem of quantum nonlocal correlation by two qubit detectors. The detectors with an initial product state interact with a massless scalar field in the vacuum state, and then the out-state of the detectors are correlated after the interaction. Under the perturbative treatment in the second order of the coupling, the detectors' state can be entangled but satisfies the Bell-CHSH inequality. It is known that the violation of the Bell-CHSH inequality for such an entangled state is obtained after a local filtering operation. In this paper, we construct the optimal filtering operation for the qubit detectors and derive the success probability of the filtering operation, which characterizes the reliability of revealing the Bell-CHSH nonlocality by the filtering operations. By applying the optimal filtering, it is shown that the detected Bell-CHSH nonlocality depends on the coherence of the detectors' state and the spontaneous emission of scalar particles from each detector. We also comment on a trade-off relation between the success probability and the size of the parameter region showing quantum correlation.


ANGRAU is a pioneer in rice research in India. It has the credit of releasing 123 rice varieties in 58 years of its inception which include 91 HYVs, 30 pure line varieties and 2 hybrids. ANGRAU has the credit of developing first BPH tolerant rice variety MTU 5249 (Vajram) way back in 1986. Developed two rice hybrids for first time in the country in 1993 – APHR1 and APHR 2. Out of 45 mha of rice area in India, ANGRAU rice varieties occupy 14 mha of area, producing 38 mt of production accounting for 33.15% of total rice production in India. By cultivating ANGRAU rice varieties, a revenue of Rs 62317 crores is generated annually in the form of returns accounting for 2.22 percent of India's Agricultural GVA.


Computational fluid dynamics simulations with a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes model were performed for flow fields over a building array and inside a building in the array with different building opening positions. Ten combinations of opening locations were selected to investigate the effect of the locations on indoor cross-ventilation rates. The results of these simulations show that the exterior distributions of mean wind speed and turbulence kinetic energy hardly differ even though building openings exist. Although similar patterns of outdoor flow fields were observed, the opening positions produced two different types of ventilations: one-way and two-way. In one-way ventilation, the wind flows through the opening are unidirectional: diagonally downward at the windward wall. In two-way ventilation, both inflow and outflow simultaneously occur through the same opening. Determination of ventilation rates showed that the ventilation types can explain what type of ventilation rate may be significant for each opening location.


IELTS Academic Writing guides readers in a step-by-step fashion from beginning to advanced levels of writing proficiency. The book starts with an introductory section on the basic Dos and Don'ts of the IELTS test. The remaining body of the book is divided into three sections for Task 1, Task 2, and Common Mistakes. In Task 1 section, readers learn about a variety of potential task 1 challenges including language for trends, comparison, pie-charts, tables, cause-effect, and stages. The section ends with a checklist, for IELTS candidates, of every major detail about writing a task 1 report. Task 2 section gives effective sample outlines of task 2 introduction, body, and conclusion paragraphs. The book continues with cohesion, coherence, and unity as the main requirements of paragraph development when it comes to writing discursive essays. Like the previous section, Task 2 concludes with a practical checklist for candidates' attention. The final section presents 100 common mistakes candidates make at the sentence level. The approach taken in this book is starting with samples, analyzing the samples into their components, and finally teaching the components through exercises.


After carbon nanotubes (CNT) were discovered in 1991, many applications have been proposed that utilize their extraordinary electrical and mechanical properties. One application is as tips for scanning probe microscopy where CNTs offer several advantages including high resolution and the capability to image deep, narrow structures. A recent study of CNT scanning probes for atomic force microscopy (AFM) in semiconductor surface science concluded that an AFM with CNT tips has immense potential as a surface characterization tool in integrated circuit manufacture. Previously researchers had to construct their own CNT probes, but recently CNT AFM probes have become commercially available. Carbon nanotubes (sometimes called buckytubes) are closed seamless shells ot graphitic carbon typically one to tens of nanometers in diameter and several micrometers long. The structure of a closed-dome single-walled nanotube is illustrated in Figure 1. Carbon nanotube probe tips offer several advantages.


The establishment of the Islamic State of Indonesia (NII) led by SM. Kartosoewiryo at the beginning of the independence period. In historical references, NII was declared a rebel movement, so the Government eradicated it with a military operation (posse operation), and its leader was executed on September 5, 1962. However, NII's struggle did not end just like that. After Kartosoewiryo, NII was divided into several factions, namely NII Fillah in Garut, led by Sensen Komara, whose existence until now. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach, from written or oral information, people's behavior, and interpretations of the world around them. The purpose of this research is to understand the world of meaning symbolized in people's behavior. Using sociological analysis and historical analysis, the study found that NII Fillah, led by Sensen Komara, was a continuation of NII Kartosoewiryo after experiencing several leadership changes from Jaja Sudjadi Bakar Misbah. NII Fillah argues that the Islamic State is a political force to enforce Islamic law and is the only tariqah in implementing the system and regulation in the nation's life and state. The relationship between religion and state is an inseparable concept, that religion needs a state or a political entity so that religion can be perfectly applied. Fillah NII religious movements in Garut include; rejection of the election, raising the red and white flag of the star and moon, and converting from RI to NII without changing the existing structure.


We examine a class of database selection algorithms that require only document frequency information. The CORI algorithm is an instance of this class of algorithms. In previous work, we showed that CORI is more effective than gGlOSS when evaluated against a relevance-based standard. In this paper, we introduce a family of other algorithms in this class and examine components of these algorithms and of the CORI algorithm to begin identifying the factors responsible for their performance. We establish that the class of algorithms studied here is more effective and efficient than gGlOSS and is applicable to a wider variety of operational environments. In particular, this methodology is completely decoupled from the database indexing technology so is as useful in heterogeneous environments as in homogeneous environments.


This seventieth anniversary volume on Groote Schuur Hospital (GSH) in Cape Town, South Africa, is a significant contribution to the country's medical historiography. It is an analytical account of the world's first heart transplant institution framed within wider social, financial and political perspectives, and is a contrast to the usual 'histoire evenementielle' of health institutions in Southern Africa.

Part One gives an overview of the institution, from its protracted birth between the 1910s and the 1930s, to the challenges and changes of the late 1980s to 2000s. Those involved in the hospital experienced many stages of enthusiasm and doubt, as well as changes of vision, structures and practices. This detailed work traces the empirical development of services and the GSH's management; the second part deals with racial segregation, often seen as South Africa's main disease, which affected the daily life and work of people involved in the hospital. The authors recall that racial segregation was planned and applied long before the apartheid policy that followed the Afrikaner National Party's victory in 1948, was made official. From the start, the hospital's architecture was that of a typical South African public institution, with whites entering through one entrance, and Indians and Africans through another. By becoming a racially integrated institution in 1987, the new GSH took an early step towards curing the racial disease a few years before October 1990, when racial segregation in public hospitals in South Africa was officially brought to an end. The third part, entitled 'People', studies the GSH's well-established teams of doctors, matrons and sisters, as well as those who were still finding their way professionally: dieticians, physiotherapists and occupational therapists. The role that all these people played in the growth of GSH was extremely important, and is examined through the experiences both of the general workers and of the patients. Thus, this book stresses the 'history from below' perspective favoured by Roy Porter and Barry Smith. In indicating that the nurses perceived the matron as close to 'God himself', and the sisters as close to the Angel Gabriel, the book successfully raises a complex anthropology of relationships between staff within GSH. The relationships between patients were equally complicated. Nostalgic for the privileges afforded by segregation, white patients disliked being squeezed 'tightly among all colours and odours' (pp. 115–16), when they had to wait together with non-white patients, and their complaints confirm the complexity of perceptions and consideration of the 'Other'. The fourth part of the book examines the development of two significant tools used at GSH: clinical medicine and research, which between 1955 and 1985 became the hospital's strengths.

While very analytical, the work is at times too detailed and repetitive, and there is a certain imbalance between the parts, with Part One running to a hundred pages, and Part Two to only thirty-one. An additional annoyance is the awkwardness of having the references at the end of the book, rather than at the end of chapters. But these are small quibbles, and this new history of Groote Schuur Hospital is a timely and fascinating work. It features the medical progress and challenges in a particular context in Africa, and proves that, as a social and biomedical institution, the hospital is a microcosm of society. The book's main significance, however, is that it challenges a particular way of writing the history of hospitals and medicine in Africa.


There are a lot of factors impacting the employment of technical college graduates. This article is designed to discuss, from the perspective of enterprises, how technical college students are challenged with employment on the occasion of graduation. Businesses' existing conditions and requirements for jobs are analyzed to discover the fact that the challenge remains chiefly in two ways: one is that it is difficult to get employed, and the other is that it is not easy to keep employed. In conclusion, to face and meet the challenges, technical college educators have know options but to help their graduates get to know the changing businesses and adapt to the changing conditions.


A new algorithm for solving multi-goal planning problems in the presence of obstacles is introduced. We extend ant colony optimization (ACO) from its well-known application, the traveling salesman problem (TSP), to that of multi-goal feasible path planning for inspection and surveillance applications. Specifically, the ant colony framework is combined with a sampling-based point-to-point planning algorithm; this is compared with two successful sampling-based multi-goal planning algorithms in an obstacle-filled two-dimensional environment. Total mission time, a function of computational cost and the duration of the planned mission, is used as a basis for comparison. In our application of interest, autonomous undewater inspections, the ACO algorithm is found to be the best-equipped for planning in minimum mission time, offering an interior point in the tradeoff between computational complexity and optimality.


High intensity or prolonged exercise can result in oxidative stress due to the generation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species, which in turn, can negatively impact skeletal muscle contractile function and exercise performance. Catalase, a naturally‐occurring antioxidant enzyme, converts hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen (2H2O2 → 2H2O + O2). Mitochondrial‐targeted catalase transgenic (mCAT) mice have been studied within the context of disease pathology, but skeletal muscle function and exercise capacity have not been characterized. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure grip strength, exercise capacity, and exercise endurance in mCAT mice that overexpress catalase in the mitochondria of skeletal muscle and heart, among other tissues. Male and female mCAT and wild‐type (WT) littermate mice (3–8 mo old) performed 3 consecutive forelimb grip strength tests, with 1‐min rest between trials. Next, these mice performed a maximal exercise capacity test, which consisted of a 10‐min warm up at 10–12.5 m•min−1 and 5–10° incline, followed by 2‐min stages of increasing treadmill speed by 3 m•min−1 every stage; treadmill remained at 10° incline and mice ran to exhaustion. Then, 48 hours after the completion of the maximal exercise capacity test, all mice performed an exercise endurance test, consisting of a 10‐min warm up at 10–12.5 m•min−1 and 5–10° incline, followed by a run to exhaustion at a constant treadmill speed of 22 m•min−1 and incline of 10°. Grip strength, maximal exercise capacity, and exercise endurance were not different between mCAT and WT mice, respectively (p>0.05, all). These findings suggest that mitochondrial catalase overexpression does not alter grip strength, treadmill exercise capacity, or endurance in mice.


This paper reports the recent progress of a new type of hetero acoustic layer (HAL) surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonators using a $0.44 \text{to} 1.12 \mu \mathrm{m}$ thick rotated-Y LiTa03 (LT) plate and a near ST-cut quartz substrate. This material combination was selected, because quartz has a higher velocity of leaky SAW than LT and a positive temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF). An impedance ratio of 82 dB and a Bode Q of 3, 000 were obtained, and TCFs at series and parallel resonance were measured to be +2 and −10 ppm/PC, respectively. Compared with the characteristics of a standard 42°YX LT SAW resonator fabricated in the same facility, the impedance ratio is higher by 31 dB, the bode Q is 6.3 times higher, and the TCFs at series and parallel resonance are as small as 1/25 and 1/6, respectively.


The challenge of translating a poet thoroughly steeped in her native culture's literary tradition is difficult enough, but rendering a collection of Polina Barskova's densely allusive verse presented a particular challenge. Barskova is commonly called the best Russian poet under the age of forty and is widely admired for her graceful riffs on received poetic forms and for her deft recombination of high-, middle-, and lowbrow discourses. When Barskova, who has lived and taught in the United States for the past decade, alludes to and quotes from Shakespeare, her source is not the First Folio; rather, it is the Shakespearean renditions of the famed Russian translator Mikhail L. Lozinskii (1886–1955). In one case, "Verses about the Time I Washed Eric's Hair and Foam Got in His Ear" ("Stihi o tom kak myla riku golovu i pena popala emu v uho"), the poem is itself an homage to translation and poses the unique challenge of re-translation. By "gratefully" dedicating "Verses about the Time . . . " to Lozinskii himself, Barskova foregrounds the translator and his particular approach to the process. Furthermore, the translator of her verse may read this dedication as a directive to follow in Lozinskii's track. My co-translator, David Stromberg, and I explored Lozinskii's own approach to translation in order to devise a set of principles for rendering Barskova's poem; these principles were based on a hierarchy of what we deemed to be the poem's most potent effects, which we sought to reproduce in our translation. Although these principles may fully apply to one poem alone, they nonetheless illustrate—both individually and taken as a whole—the utility of what Lozinskii called "reproductive" translation. Our method, based on Lozinskii's theory and practice, may indicate an interesting path for translators working with difficult poetic texts. Lozinskii's thinking on "reproductive" translation allows us to reframe, if not sidestep, the perennial debate about "literalism"—an approach, or rather an ideal, that is commonly dismissed by many contemporary theorists of translation. It serves to summarize one prominent theorist's critique of "literalism." André Lefevere defines literalism as a method that aims, above all else, at "'fidelity' to the sense of the source text"1 and chides literalist translators for ignoring Uriel Weinreich's eminently verifiable observation that "the semantic mapping of the universe by a language is, in general, arbitrary, and the semantic map of each language is different from [that of] all other languages."2 Lefevere also takes literalists to task for snobbishly and blindly insisting on the impossible: the need to master, to some extent, the source and the target languages involved in the translation. Equally misleading, in his view, is any attempt at mapping the semantic auras surrounding meters and verse forms in the source language onto the corresponding meters and verse forms in the target language.3 To that end, Lefevere quotes J. S. Holmes: "no verse form in any language can be entirely identical with a verse form in any other, however similar the nomenclatures and however cognate the languages."4 Rejecting the goals of both metrical and semantic fidelity, Lefevere concludes:


This paper reviews and investigates the method proposed by Canudas De Wit and Fixot [1] for nonlinear output feedback adaptive control for robot manipulators. The theoretical concepts are analyzed and the critical assumptions that are made are clearly elucidated. Difficulties within the theoretical developments are noted and highlighted. Further difficulties associated with the design synthesis are illustrated. Simulation of a robot manipulator is used to demonstrate the theoretical difficulties and the practical issues.


We present an alternative derivation of the gravitational clock compass and show how such a device can be used for the detection of gravitational waves. Explicit compass setups are constructed in special types of space--times, namely for exact plane gravitational waves and for waves moving radially relative to an observer.


Generalization of fractal density on a fractals for spaces with positive and negative fractal dimensions. Fractal-fractional generalized physics (i.e. classical or quantum physics). Generalized Hausdorff measures. Numbers and generalized functions as generalized logical values. Beyond logics and numbers. Generalized concept of physical field, i.e generalized universes and multiverses. Fractional generalization of path integrals.


The modern world of consumer goods is the world of complex goods. The complexity of a modern product is expressed not in the features of its consumption, but in the specifics of the whole process of its production and consumption, which includes four stages of creation and maintenance of value: the pre-commodity stage at which the goods are created mentally; production stage; a trading stage and a stage of long-term consumption, at which the commodity can exist for a long time due to the fact that its use value is supported by the corresponding production processes. The creation of a modern product is especially effective for transnational companies, which makes the activities of the latter an economic basis for the existing political processes in the world and the related conflicts between countries.


In this paper we will present a method for mining information within legal texts, in particular in regards to corpora of statutes. Text mining, or more in general Information Extraction, can provide a valuable help to people involved in research about the linguistic structure of statutes, and, as a side effect can be the seed for a new generation of applications for the validation and conversion in the legislative domain.


The morphology of polyamidelOlO/polypropylene blends was found to significantly depend upon the concentration of the compatibilizer[polypropylene-grafted-acrylic acid (PP-g-AA)]. A significant reduction in phase size was observed because of the interaction that existed between the PP-g-AA and polyamide. These interactions have been confirmed by several methods. The tensile mechanical properties and impact behavior of the prepared blends were investigated and correlated with scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis of the fracture surfaces. It was found that PP-g-AA as the compatibilizer has a profound effect upon the properties of the blends. This behavior is attributed to a series of chemical and physico-chemical interactions taking place between the two components.


The DRASTIC index was used for the evaluation of the natural vulnerability of groundwater constituted by the mantle of weathering of the basaltic rocks of the Serra Geral Formation. DRASTIC method was used in this evaluation, for its simplicity, low cost, easy application and it has been widely used for analysis of the natural vulnerability. The characterization of the enviromental to the pollution supports the decisions about ground use and occupation for partner-economic planning. Hydraulic conductivities in the unsaturated and saturated zones, as well as the groundwater flow direction were determined. In the unsaturated zone, permeability of the soils is low, as reveled by infiltrations tests with ranging 10 cm/s to 10 cm/s. Hydraulic conductivity obtained from slug tests range from 10 to 10 cm/s, with average around 10 cm/s. The flow direction occurs from south to north, accompanying the general slope of the landscape. The pollutant when reaches the zone of the saprolite, tends to spread quickly through the groundwater flow lines. In general, the vulnerability of the studied area can be classified as moderate, while that in the water divide region and in the vicinity of ribeirao Lindoia, are ranked low and high, respectively.


The purpose of this study was to examine maternity nurses' experiences of caring for pregnant women involved in abusive relationships. A conceptual framework composed of the relevant concepts of maternity nursing care and domestic violence was used. The research methodology of phenomenology was chosen as it allows for the development of a special understanding of the phenomenon in question by talking to participants who have firsthand experience. Data were collected using semi-structured, audiotaped interviews that encouraged the participants to describe the phenomenon in their own words. The study sample consisted of eleven maternity nurses employed in an acute care maternity nursing hospital who were interviewed once from one to three times. Data were simultaneously collected and analyzed over a period of several months. After transcription of the interviews was completed, data was examined for common themes according to Colaizzi's (1978) structure for qualitative data


ABSTRACT Uranyl (UO ) speciation at the liquid/liquid interface is an essential aspect of the mechanism that underlies its extraction as part of spent nuclear fuel reprocessing schemes and environmental remediation of contaminated legacy waste sites. Of particular importance is a detailed perspective of how changing ion concentrations at the liquid interface alter the distribution of hydrated uranyl ion and its interactions with complexing electrolyte counterions relative to the bulk aqueous solution. In this work, classical molecular dynamics simulations have examined uranyl in bulk LiNO and in the presence of a hexane interface. UO is observed to have both direct coordination with NO and outer-sphere interactions via solvent-separated ion-pairing (SSIP), whereas the interaction of Li with NO (if it occurs) is predominantly as a contact ion-pair (CIP). The variability of uranyl interactions with nitrate is hypothesized to prevent dehydration of uranyl at the interface, and as such the cation concentration is unperturbed in the interfacial region. However, Li loses waters of solvation when it is present in the interfacial region, an unfavorable process that causes a Li depletion region. Although significant perturbations to ion–ion interactions, solvation, and solvation dynamics are observed in the interfacial region, importantly, this does not change the association constants of uranyl with nitrate. Thus, the experimental association constants, in combination with knowledge of the interfacial ion concentrations, can be used to predict the distribution of interfacial uranyl nitrate complexes. The enhanced concentration of uranyl dinitrate at the interface, caused by excess adsorbed NO , is highly relevant to extractant ligand design principles as such nitrate complexes that are the reactants in ligand complexation and extraction events.


A global information infrastructure for knowledge manipulation must support effective analysis to correlate related objects. The Interspace is the coming global network, where knowledge manipulation is supported by concept navigation across community spaces. We have produced a working Interspace Prototype, an analysis environment supporting semantic indexing on community repositories. Scalable technologies have been implemented for concept extraction and concept spaces, which use semantic indexing to facilitate concept navigation. These technologies have been tested on discipline-scale, real-world document collections. The technologies use statistical clustering, on contextual frequency of document phrases within a collection. Computer trends show that semantic indexing technologies will be practical for everyday use on community knowledge in the foreseeable future. Thus, concept navigation across community repositories will become a routine operation.


Introduction We tested whether physical activity (PA) engagement is subsequently associated with additional health-promoting behaviours in a large-scale, real-world programme leveraging technology and behavioural science to reward healthy lifestyle behaviours. Methods In this observational, longitudinal study, we compared participants' verified and self-reported health behaviours prior to and following their first verified engagement in PA recorded on the Vitality programme between 2014 and 2017. Results Of 34 061 participants, the mean duration in the programme was 40.1 (SD 12.6) months, and the median time until the first PA was 13.1 (SD 16.6) months, with a mean age of 42.0 (SD 11.1) years and 14 881 (43.7%) being male. Baseline weekly PA minutes were mean 62.8 (SD 129.7), 98 (SD 26.0) and 282.9 (SD 230.0) for the low, moderate and high groups, respectively. In the 12 months following the first PA, the low group increased weekly active minutes by 156% (40 (95% CI 28.6 to 51.0) to 102 (95% CI 94.5 to 109.8)); the moderate group increased weekly active minutes by 60% (85.0 (95% CI 76.4 to 93.5) to 136 (95% CI 130.2 to 141.8)); and no change was seen for the high group. Overall, individuals exhibited an increase of 26% in their weekly active minutes from an average of 130 min (95% CI 121.2 to 139.4) to 164 min (95% CI 157.5 to 169.8). Overall, fruit and vegetable daily servings increased from 2.7 (95% CI 2.6 to 2.8) to 2.9 (95% CI 2.9 to 3.0); Kessler Stress Scores decreased from 17.4 (95% CI 17.2 to 17.6) to 17.0 (95% CI 16.9 to 17.1); sedentary hours decreased from 11.3 (95% CI 11.1 to 11.5) to 10.8 (95% CI 10.7 to 11.0); alcohol consumption decreased from 1.8 (95% CI 1.7 to 2.0) to 1.6 (95% CI 1.5 to 1.7) weekly units; sleep increased from 7.1 (95% CI 7.06 to 7.16) to 7.2 (95% CI 7.13 to 7.20) hours/night. Conclusions PA was followed by other health-promoting behaviours. PA interventions should also evaluate the indirect impact on other health behaviours.


Academic libraries are information centers established in support of the mission of their parent institutions to generate knowledge, and people equipped with knowledge in order to serve the society and advance the well-being of mankind. In the digital age, academic libraries face challenges from both within (academia) and without (the business sector). Academic departments, or even faculty and students, may purchase or build their own portals to meet their academic and/or research needs.To prove their relevance and value, academic libraries must strive to provide the right amount of information to the right clientele at the right time with a right expense of financial and human resources. With a stagnant or dwindling library budget, academic libraries have to increase their operational efficiency in order to meet the challenge. One management tool that can help in this regard is Knowledge Management .Knowledge management is a viable means in which academic libraries could improve their services in the present knowledge era.This paper mainly focuses on the concept of Knowledge Management and its role Academic


Learning Management Systems (LMS) provide a variety of tools and functions to support teaching and learning that include, but are not limited, to group chats, threaded discussions, document sharing, assignments, quizzes, grading and course evaluations. Migrating to a new LMS can be a challenge for faculty, in fact, changes in technology have been noted as one of the top ten challenges in academia. Training is an integral aspect for faculty acceptance of new technologies, particularly a new LMS. This study compared faculty reported comfort, ease of use and usability with the old (pre-test) and the new LMS (post-test) and the type and amount of training attended. In the pre-test, only the relationship between training and comfort level showed a positive correlation (t = 2.017, ρ=0.046). In the post-test results, there was no correlation between training and comfort level, ease of use or usability scores. In addition, no significance was found when controlling for years teaching or faculty rank. When comparing ease of use pre- and post-test, overall, faculty rated the new LMS more useful to their work (mean pre mean = 2.25, post mean = 2.45), and easier to use (pre mean = 182 and post mean = 2.97). While there was limited significance in this study, it is imperative to offer a variety of support methods such as 24/7 access, one-on-one support in person, and quick reference guides.


Epileptic seizure detection using EEGs is a heavy workload of traditional visual inspection for diagnosing epilepsy. Therefore, more and more research on automatic seizure detection have been developed in recent years. The appropriate feature extraction method and efficient classifier are recognized to be crucial in the successful realization. In this paper, we first create a novel feature extraction method based on fuzzy conditional Renyi entropy (FCRE), which focuses on characterizing the physiological complexity of the underlying signal transduction processes. Then we propose an automatic seizure detection method FCRE-ELM, which integrates the fuzzy conditional Renyi entropy FCRE and extreme learning machine (ELM) for differentiating seizure EEGs from non-seizure EEGs or normal EEGs. The experimental results on the open EEG database have shown that the proposed method FCRE-ELM does a good job in epileptic seizure detection while preserving the efficiency and simplicity.


Introduction: Every woman will have menopausal experiences at the end of a biological process called menstrual cycles. Several complaints can be aggravated by lifestyle and stress. This study was to analyze the relation of lifestyle and stress levels with a menopausal complaint in women.Methods: This study was correlational with a cross-sectional approach. The study involved 101 menopausal women lived in a community selected by proportional random sampling. The independent variables were lifestyle and stress levels in menopausal women. The dependent variable was a menopausal complaint. This study used primary data provided by questionnaires and interviews. The data were analyzed using Spearman's Rho.Results: There was strong correlation between lifestyle (p=0.000; r=-0.424), stress levels (p=0.000; r=0.535), and complaint in a menopausal woman.Conclusion: A healthy lifestyle, stress-controlled to minimize complaints in menopausal women. Further research is needed on factors that increase stress in postmenopausal women.


One of the fundamental postulates of the special relativity theory is existence of a single system of universal coordinate transforms for inertial reference frames, that is coordinate transforms, which are uniquely determined by space-time coordinates of a material point. In this paper the abstract mathematical theory of coordinate transforms in kinematic changeable sets is developed. In particular it is proved the formal possibility of existence of kinematics, which do not allow universal coordinate transforms. Such kinematics may be applied for simulation the evolution of physical systems under the condition of hypothesis on existence of particle-dependent velocity of light.


A new S-band double-pass (DP) fibre Raman amplifier (FRA) with the characteristics of improved gain and noise figure (NF) is demonstrated. By employing a high birefringence fibre loop mirror (HiBi-FLM) with a comb-like reflection spectrum as a signal reflector, the ASE noise of this DP-FRA greatly decreases compared with that of the conventional DP-FRA with the FLM. A maximum NF improvement of 6.2 dB and an average NF improvement of 4.9 dB over 40 nm (1480–1520 nm) bandwidth are realized. By using the FLM as a residual pump reflector to improve the gain of the amplifier, a maximum gain of 24 dB and an average NF of 4.3 dB are obtained in the same bandwidth.


The Gardenfors postulates can serve as a foundation for the semantics of updates on knowledge sets. It is shown that knowledge sets and Gardenfors' postulates are not adequate in the deductive database setting. Therefore, partially closed theories are defined for deductive database updates and the Gardenfors postulates are revised accordingly. By recognizing epistemic importance among clauses in the database, a new deductive database update semantics in the context of partially closed theories is also proposed. The new semantics satisfy the revised Gardenfors postulates.


The purpose of multi-modal route planning is to provide the traveler with optimal, feasible and personalized route between origin and destination, which may involve public and private transportation modes. The strategy driven approach (i.e. routing by certain predefined transfer order) is useful but can hardly provide free combination of multiple travel modes and some feasible results may be consequently missed. A genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed in this paper to solve the multi-modal route planning problem. Variable length chromosomes with several parts (subchromosome) are utilized to represent routes in multi-modal travel environment, where each part describes a kind of transportation mode. Crossover and mutation operators are redefined in single mode; two new operators, hypercrossover and hypermutation, are defined as inter-mode operation. A multi-criteria evaluation method using a pdimensional vector to represent multiple criteria is adopted in the fitness function for selecting the optimal solutions. The experimental results show a various mode combination, and some results conform experience well. * Corresponding author.


Methods of calculating the spacecraft programmed attitude motion for three variants of optic-electronic survey by the Earth surface, are presented, namely: survey with alignment of an image motion lengthwise velocity into focal plane of orbital telescope, survey with coinciding the line-of-sight trace on the Earth surface with geodesic line and survey with fixed position of the telescope line-of-sight in orbital reference frame. Some results are represented which were obtained by elaborated software.


The field of physical acoustics touches a broad range of technical areas important to fundamental science and society. This "Hot Topics" presentation will reflect the breadth of this impact by discussing the following three topics: sound waves in the early cosmos, acoustics in slip‐stick friction systems, and acoustic metamaterials. The early universe, composed of hot ionized matter, was able to support acoustic waves until the temperature cooled enough to allow the formation of neutral atoms. The imprint of these relic acoustic waves is still evident in the cosmic microwave background and yields new information about key cosmological constants and dark matter. Earthquakes are perhaps the most destructive of natural disasters, as was painfully demonstrated by recent events in China. Studies on the effects of acoustic vibrations in slip‐stick friction systems have begun to shed light on triggering mechanisms for earthquakes and may lead to better early warning systems. Metamaterials are man‐made materials ...


The crystal structure of N-methyl-1,3-benzothiazole-2(3H)-selone (mbts) has been studied in order to estimate the changes in the molecular geometry of the mbts ligand upon coordination. Hypervalent complexes of mbts with Te II and I I have been studied by us previously. A significant elongation of the Se=C bond [from 1.817 (7) in mbts to 1.85-1.88 A in the complexes] was found, but there were no significant changes in the other geometric parameters of the ligand. The only other bond-length decrease of note was for SeC-NMe [from 1.35 (1) in mbts to 1.32-1.34 A in the complexes]. Thus, only the amino group takes part in electron redistribution upon coordination.


To help patients better understand their medications, the International Academy of Compounding Pharmacists (IACP) has issued national labeling guidelines for its 1,800 members.


Writing is a language skill that is used to communicate indirectly, not face to face with other people. Learning is a process carried out by students to achieve learning goals. Learning is an effort that is done by someone to make other people experience changes in behavior, namely from negative behavior to positive. Learning writing skills has various forms. One of them is poetry writing skills. Writing poetry is an expression that is intentionally stated by the poet in concretizing the flavor deposits that are in him. In connection with learning to write poetry, based on the results of observations made on fifth grade students of SD Negeri Guwo 03 Pati in the 2018/2019 school year with a KKM score of 75 there are various difficulties and students get an average score under the KKM which is 65. Seeing some of these constraints, The author conducted this study aims to offer an alternative solution to the use of Think Talk Write models so that indicators in learning activities can be achieved optimally. With the Think Talk Write model students are expected to be interested in participating in learning and easily capturing learning so that students can write imaginative poetry and the value can be above the KKM which is 75.


Gifted disadvantaged students hide in the regular classroom with no reason to show what they can do, and many reasons why staying hid den seems like a good idea. Ultimately, the failure to find these stu dents and meet their needs is an enormous loss both to the individual student and to society. How can schools counteract the deterrents to achievement disadvantaged gifted students face?


In this paper, we conduct research on the large-scale network intrusion mode based on the principal component analysis and drop quality sampling. With the growing of network security issues, invasion detection becomes the study hotspot. There are two main types of that invasion detection technology, the first is that misuse detection and the anomaly detection. Misuse detection can more accurately detect attacks, but high non-response rates, anomaly detection could detect the unknown attacks, but higher rate of false positives. Network invasion detection problem is summed up in the network data flow of discriminant problem, namely the judgment of network data flow is normal or malicious and in this sense here invasion detection problem can be understood as a pattern recognition problem. Our research integrates the PCA and sampling technique to propose the new idea on the IDS that is innovative and will promote the development of the corresponding techniques.


Abstract : The Model Algorithmic Control (MAC) method is investigated in terms of robustness and adaption to unknown or changing plants. The adaption method used is Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) system identification. CVA is shown to provide system identification accuracy comparable to maximum likelihood and to provide an optimal selection of instrumental variables. Computationally CVA is a noniterative procedure that gives a numerically and statistically well conditioned solution to the system identification problem. A one-step-ahead MAC is explained using the classical root locus techniques. Conditions are developed for robustness of the controller to perturbations in the plant due to error in plant identification. Selection of an optimal sampling rate is based upon the control-ability and observability matrices. Simulations illustrating the above theory are presented using a Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) missile aerodynamic model. (Keywords: multivariate analysis; Digital control systems).


The social demand on the logistics talent determines the establishment and development of logistics specialty in the university.This paper studies the present situation and the demand trend of modern logistics talent in Ningbo and the establishment mode of logistics discipline in our colleges and universities,compares the talent demand and the higher education in Hong Kong and puts forward suggestions to establish the logistics specialty in NBUT.


In February 1992, what had begun as a simple case of extortion ended up by revealing that corruption in Italy had been widespread and systematic. More than five thousand people were investigated in the course of the enquiries, including Premiers, Members of Parliament, Ministers, and public and private entrepreneurs among others. The successful outcome of these investigations was achievable due to the conjugation of a series of elements: strong public opinion and media support, the independency of the Magistrates, Public Prosecutors and Judicial Police vis-à-vis the political sphere, and the efficiency of the strategy followed by the judiciary. Hampering even better results was the ineffectiveness of international judicial assistance, given that corrupt exchanges do often involve transnational cleaning operations.


Maneuvering tracking involves tracking a target that is suddenly accelerated by the pilot. Two approaches have been proposed for maneuvering target tracking: the residual-based approach and the multiple-model approach. The latter approach provides better tracking performance but has higher computational complexity compared with the former one. The authors present a new maneuvering tracking algorithm which combines the benefits of both approaches so that the tracking accuracy is comparable with that of the multiple-model approach and the complexity with that of the residual-based approach.<<ETX>>


In many governments and private institutions, one of the major tasks is to select the best project proposals for allocating the fund. These funding organizations select the proposals by submitting them to the reviewers for review. Manual process is too difficult when the number of projects is more. The earlier models introduced ontology based Text mining methods to cluster the proposals of any language without considering the reviewer's expertise with respect to their domain. The proposed method identifies the main topic of project in a hasty manner by using ontology based topic identification algorithm. It uses EM algorithm to group the proposals based on their domain, issues and technology for selecting the expertise in the domain for review. This approach gives better performance by allocating proposal to the appropriate reviewers.


This paper deals with the analysis of a nonlinear dynamical model of a class of bioprocesses. Some structural properties are widely discussed, such as the partition of the model in a linear part and a nonlinear term, the decoupling of the kinetics, the positivity of the model. Also, the singular perturbations method and quasi-steady state assumption are used in order to obtain reduced order models, practical for control design. The obtained results are tested by using a complex anaerobic bioprocess, utilized for wastewater treatment, which takes place into a Continuous Stirred Tank Bioreactor.