of agent for developing cultural identity and understandings. Differences in the cultural backgrounds of students in American public schools have long been a fact of life ("Study of Selected Socio-economic Characteristics," 1974), and what is going to be done about these differences is one of the major questions facing education today. Answers to that question, placed on a continuum extending from, "Ignore them and they'll go away," to "Maintain and accentuate them and they'll grow," can be polarized into two major thoughts: The discourage differences approach and the encourage differences approach. The gradual shifting of some authors, such as McFee (1965, 1970, and 1977), makes one realize how much views on culture and education are a result of change over time. Some authors hold views which contain elements of more than one position, and there are many nuances between authors who nominally espouse the same position. An individual student's culture can be visualized by constructing a culturegram. The proximity and degree of overlap would indicate how similar the beliefs, values, and practices of one component are to the other components. The relative size of any given component indicates the degree of participation, affiliation, and importance. The more overlap in a student's culturegram, the less cultural conflict and diversity there are in his life.


Purpose: The recent literature on intrinsic sphincteric deficiency is reviewed. Materials and Methods: We performed an extensive literature search related to the diagnosis, management and treatment of intrinsic sphincteric deficiency. Results: Stress urinary incontinence results from insufficient urethral resistance and/or support during increases in intra-abdominal pressure. Since treatment of stress urinary incontinence is closely related to the mechanism of urinary leakage, recognition of intrinsic sphincteric deficiency is of the utmost importance in its evaluation. Furthermore, to date there is no consensus on the treatment of intrinsic sphincteric deficiency and various procedures may be considered. Conclusions: The pathophysiology of urinary incontinence in female patients is still controversial. Intrinsic sphincteric deficiency is best recognized by history and clinical examination in conjunction with documentation of severe stress urinary incontinence, a fixed urethra and a low Valsalva leak point pressure. The pubo-vaginal sling procedure still represents the most widely accepted treatment to correct intrinsic sphincteric deficiency.


A fossil ice mass was found in the lower part of the Kuranosuke snow patch (1at. 36°35' N., long. 137°37' E.; 2700 m a.s.l.) in the northern Japan Alps, Japan . Radiocarbon dating of plant samples in the dirt layers within the ice showed that the fossil ice was formed 1000 year B.P. and before. This is the first discovery of such old fossil ice in Japan . At present there are no active glaciers in Japan but there are many perennial snow patches in the mountain ranges of central Japan and Hokkaido (Higuchi and others, 1986). Kuranosuke snow patch , shown in Figure I, is one of them, and it exists in a cirque formed during the ice age . The thickness of the ice mass is 30 m , possib ly the thickes t perennial ice in Japan (Yamamoto and others, 1986).


District heating systems are common in Nordic countries today and accounts for a great portion of the heat demand. In Sweden, total district heating end use in the last years has been around 50 TWh ...


The senior education is an important stage of education.Rational analysis from the reality of the situation,the senior education should fulfill the border with the financial responsibility which is limited liability. Only to define the borders of financial responsibilities science,in accordance with the rules about clarity of attribution,the rule of law and the principle of graduation,rationally choose the financial responsibility of the government to ensure the right to access to education and promote the senior education developing healthily.


Most organizations desire higher-quality, lower-cost IS projects. To achieve this goal, many organizations are moving to formal project management and software engineering practices. Two tools that are used to formalize processes and practices are structured development and maintenance methodologies (SDMM), and the Software Engineering Institute's Capability Maturity Model (SEI CMM). While SDMMs and the CMM are excellent tools to instill project discipline in IS organizations, they are not silver bullets. A great deal of cultural and structural change must first occur. Other changes include reward systems, online shared services and knowledge reuse. This longitudinal study examines one 500-person IS organization over a four-year time period. The results of this study confirm previous literature on change advocacy, and yield rich insight into how to change a typical ad-hoc IS organization into a software engineering organization.


This Article addresses the failure of sports video game makers to compensate the real-life players on whom their games are based. Such an unauthorized use of likeness violates the players' right of publicity. This Article therefore proposes a modern legal test — the Reality Mimicking Predominant Use Test — for courts to apply when determining whether a videogame exploits a player's likeness. Under the proposed test, a videogame receives less First Amendment protection if the game's predominant purpose is to mimic reality. Where a videogame is less about telling a story and more about mimicking reality, a higher burden is placed on the defendant videogame maker to show a fair use. This standard stems from principles established by the Supreme Court in Zacchini v. Scripps-Howard Broadcasting Company, where the Court noted that "the strongest case for a right of publicity [is]...the appropriation of the very activity which the entertainer acquired his reputation in the first place."


Abstract The awnless trait is the favorite trait for wheat breeding in Qinghai, China, but the major gene underlying the trait is unknown. This study aimed to analyze a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population containing 112 lines by crossing common wheat varieties GY448 (awnless) and GY115 (awned) using genotyping-by-sequencing analysis. A total of 56.62 Gb of clean sequence data were generated. A major gene was identified for the awnless trait based on 101,275 single-nucleotide polymorphisms by quantitative trait locus (QTL)-seq analysis. The region from 685.50 to 709.77 Mb on chromosome 5AL contained 334 genes and 394 transcripts, including B1, the major gene controlling the awnless trait. A 25-bp indel located in the B1 promoter region has a diagnostic value for the awnless/awned genotypes in the RIL population. A total of 42 spring wheat cultivars in Qinghai, China, were analyzed. Further, 23 awnless cultivars had the alleles of the GY448 parent, while 19 awned cultivars had the alleles of the GY115 parent. B1 is crucial in the awnless trait in wheat cultivars in Qinghai, China. The findings of this study might guide the breeding of new wheat cultivars in this region.


The development and application of Integrated Air Quality Management Systems, that increase the awareness of the local population and lead to the enforcement of measures for the avoidance of air pollution episodes, is a subject of great interest. The development of such a system is crucial for Kozani, the most populated and industrialized area of western Macedonia in Greece, where a number of power stations are operated using lignite from nearby mines. The industrial and urban activities aggravate the air quality in the area, resulting in high PM10 concentrations. This paper presents a PM10 concentration prediction method based on a modular neural network. The neural network is integrated with an online air quality monitoring system and the results of current versus predicted air quality are available to the public through the internet.


Objective
To investigate the surgical diagnosis and treatment of hiatal hernia with clinical retrospective study.

Methods
To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of the patients with hiatal hernia who received surgical operation in The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University from March 2009 to January 2015.

Results
17 patients(9 males and 8 females)were included in this study.The ages ranged from 15 to 78 years old.The categorizations were 2 with typeⅠhiatal hernia, 1 with typeⅡ, 10 with typeⅢand 4 with typeⅣ.3 patients underwent transthoracic Belsey MarkⅣrepair, 1 underwent transabdominal repair, 7 underwent laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair, 5 underwent laparoscopic repair plus Nissen fundoplication and 1 underwent laparoscopic repair plus Dor fundoplication.Gastric distension were found in 2 patients.5 patients had dysphagia, 2 patients had postoperative distension of the abdomen and 1 patient had pyothorax in the 20th day after the surgery.No recurrence of the hiatal hernia was found with the follow-up.

Conclusion
Hiatal hernia repair is a functional operation.Laparoscopic repair operation had advantage of minimally invasive, shortened operative time and postoperative hospital stay time.

Key words:
Hernia hiatal; Surgical procedures, operation


In the present study researchers tried to study the effectiveness of Information and Communication Technology on primary school students and ascertain relationship between effectiveness of ICT and Academic Performance of Govt. primary school students with respect to gender and type of teaching. Experimental method was used for the study. The sample of the study was 480 students from 16 government schools from 4 different talukas of Shivamogga district. Two homogenous groups were formed randomly for the study and the effects of independent variables were tested under experimental conditions.


Broadband nonlinear optical frequency conversion has attracted considerable interest in many applications, such as optical communication, frequency comb generation, and so on. In this letter, we report on the ultra-broadband second-harmonic generation (SHG) from the zinc oxide nano-tetrapod with less stringent phase-matching requirement. Using a super-continuum source together with an optical parametric oscillator as the excitation light, a broadband SHG with over-one-octave bandwidth spanning from the ultraviolet to near-infrared (375–1100 nm) is readily obtained. The SHG dependence of pump polarization and pump power is also characterized systematically. This nanoscale ultra-broadband optical converter may open a new way for various applications ranging from imaging to on-chip all-optical signal processing operations.


Room temperature, pulsed, ultraviolet upconversion laser operation from Tm3+ has been observed. At reduced temperatures, quasi cw laser operation is obtained at 347.9 nm.


In this paper, we discuss a specific implementation of W-Band RoF system employing optical up-conversion strategies and direct detection. The approach involves two cascaded commercially available MZMs combined with a distributed feedback (DFB) laser source with a MHz range linewidth. The proposed implementation generates an optical OFDM-modulated subcarrier modulated with 40 QPSK Gbit/s data and an unmodulated optical beating tone spaced by 105 GHz. We focus on analysing the system performance degradation caused by the laser phase noise (PN) and fiber chromatic dispersion (CD) within the OFDM signal bandwidth. It is shown that in such systems PN can be relevant even for relatively short fiber transmission distances.


College-enterprise cooperation promotes work study program and changes students' learning style, life space, interpersonal skills and roles, which leads to the multiform and open moral education in vocational colleges. The moral education in vocational colleges must adapt to this change by reforming itself and the socialized mode is an effective approach to solve this problem.


Intestinal parasitic infection is one of the major health problems in several developing countries, including India (Shrihari et al., 2011). It is estimated that some 3.5 billion people are affected, and that 450 million are ill as a result of intestinal parasites and protozoan infections worldwide, the majority being children, as they cause iron deficiency anemia, growth retardation in children and other physical and mental health problems (Ganesh Kumar et al.). Intestinal parasitic infection ranges from 12.5% to 66% in India with variation in prevalence of individual parasites (Ramya Shree et al., 2015).


We have utilized [3H]cDNA · DNA annealing (using S1 endonuclease resistance as an assay) to detect the presence of sequences complementary to chick δ-crystallin mRNA in the genome of fish (salmon, herring), amphibians (frog, newt), reptiles (python, gekko, caiman), birds (quail, turkey, duck), and mammals (mouse, calf), and have compared several physical parameters of δ-crystallin of the reptiles and birds. The rate and extent of chick δ-crystallin [3H]cDNA · DNA annealing were comparable among the birds, and indicated that the δ-crystallin sequences are in the unique fraction of the genome. On the average, about one-fifth as much annealing took place with the reptiles as with the birds, and no annealing was observed with the fish, amphibians and mammals. The avian and reptilian δ-crystallins had subunit molecular weights near 50000 and native molecular weights near 200000, as judged by sodium dodecylsulfate/urea/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and agarose gel chromatography, respectively, indicating that the subunit structure of δ-crystallin has been largely conserved. Electrophoresis of the peptides generated by digestion with Staphylococcus uureus V8 protease indicated that the primary structures of the different reptilian and avian δ-crystallins were similar but not identical. The isoelectric points of the δ-crystallins ranged between pH 5 and 7, depending on the organism. In general, the reptilian δ-crystallins had the higher isoelectric points.


Totally 1223 strains were isolated from different crops rhizosphere.The antagonistic abilities of all the isolated strains against 5 pathogens(Cercospora musae,Cordana musae,Helminthosporium torulosa,Alternaria musae,Curvularia lunata) of banana leaf spot diseases were tested on PDA plates.The result showed that the occurrence frequency(39.3 %) of antagonistic strains against C.musae was lowermost.The percentage of the strains with suppressive ability against C.musae in actinomycete group was higher than that in bacterium group.The occurrence frequency(23.3 %) of antagonistic strains from banana rhizosphere was higher than that from other crops.No significant change in suppressive ability of strains B106 and St1607 was detected during 6 times continuous transfers on artificial medium.A broad suppressive spectrum of the two antagonists against other plant pathogens was confirmed.


A new simple procedure for analyzing and evaluating human gait that can be easily performed in clinical practice is presented. Signals proportional to forces produced by a subject walking along a walkway are registered by a common force plate and processed by a specially made hybrid computer.


ABSTRACT This paper studies the impact of the 1988/1989 educational reform in Jordan which extended mandatory schooling from nine to ten years and restructured secondary schooling. Despite weakness in the Jordanian labor market, our estimates suggest that an additional year of required schooling in the late 1980s was sufficient to improve labor force participation, employment, and wages. These effects were initially largest for women, while males with more education were also slightly more likely to be self-employed, work longer hours, and earn higher wages. We show that the extensive margin gains we observe for women persist over the life cycle, while intensive margin gains materialize only later in life. In contrast, the impacts for men strengthen over the life-cycle. These patterns are consistent with a persistent influence of traditional gender norms in Jordanian society influencing labor market decision making.


The F3 and F4 populations of two hybridized combination of SN3068×JN4072(A) and SN3068×JM20(B) were used to study the selection effect of three stem types with high,medium and low mechanical strength.The results showed that the F3 generation with high mechanical strength of the direct choice groups obtained relatively higher genetic progress in the F4 generation.The selection of different stem mechanical strength groups had different influences on the choice of other lodging characters,and the lodging index of the selection group with high mechanical strength could be reduced effectively,thereby the lodging resistance could be enhanced.The selection of different mechanical strength groups increased the choice of 1 000-grain weight,but decreased that of grain number and had less impact on the ear number.On the whole,it was conducive to the improvement of yield per plant.


This study aims to examine and analyze whether the work environment has an influence on job satisfaction, compensation has an influence on job satisfaction, the work environment has an influence on employee performance, compensation has an influence on employee performance, job satisfaction has an influence on employee performance, work environment and compensation simultaneously has an influence on employee performance, work environment, compensation, and job satisfaction simultaneously has an influence on employee performance, job satisfaction has an influence on mediating the work environment on employee performance, and job satisfaction has an influence on mediating compensation on employee performance. The population of this study was employees of an electronic component manufacturing company in Cikarang, with a total sample of 222 people. The data analysis method used SEM-PLS. The results of this study are the work environment has a significant positive effect on job satisfaction, compensation has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction, the work environment has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, compensation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance, job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Employee Performance, Work Environment, and Compensation have a positive effect on Job Satisfaction, Work Environment, Compensation, and Job Satisfaction simultaneously have a significant positive effect on Employee Performance, Job Satisfaction mediates Work Environment on Employee Performance, Job Satisfaction mediates Compensation on Employee Performance


The storage time of Zn-air batteries (ZABs) for practical implementation has been neglected long-lastingly. ZABs based on organic solvents promise long storage time but suffer from sluggish kinetics. Here, we report a longly storable ZAB with enhanced kinetics mediated by iodine-containing redox. In the charge process, the electrooxidation of Zn5(OH)8Cl2·H2O is accelerated by I3- chemical oxidation. In the discharge process, I- adsorbed on the electrocatalyst changes the energy level of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Benefitting from these advantages, the prepared ZAB shows remarkably improved round-trip efficiency (56.03% vs. 30.97% without the mediator), and long-term cycling time (>2600 h) in ambient air without replacing any components or applying any protective treatment to Zn anode and electrocatalyst. After resting for 30 days without any protection, it can still directly discharge continuously for 32.5 h and charge/discharge very stably for 2200 h (440 cycles), which is evidently superior to aqueous ZABs (only 0/0.25 h, and 50/25 h (10/5 cycles) by mild/alkaline electrolyte replenishment). This study provides a strategy to solve both storage and sluggish kinetics issues that have been plaguing ZABs for centuries, opening up a new avenue to the industrial application of ZABs.


Perfluorinated poly(p-phenylene) with deposited colloidal rhodium metal catalyses photo-splitting of water to dihydrogen and hydroxyl radicals scavenged by benzene to give phenol under UV irradiation.


In the March 1996 issue of Language (72.1) David Lightfoot reviewed my book The Emergence and Development of SVO Patterning in Latin and French: Diachronic and Psycholinguistic Perspectives. Lightfoot criticizes ideas that are not in the book and also provides inaccurate analyses of its contents. In addition, he places the work in a biological frame it does not have, thus overlooking the principal contribution of the work. The book analyzes a major syntactic change and accounts for it by referring to psycholinguistic evidence in order to have objective criteria to evaluate the difficulty of the structures involved. I explicitly state that 'before jumping to biological evolution, we must fully understand the linguistic principles underlying the phenomena we observe' (Bauer 1995:216), which reflects a position that recurs constantly in the work. It is therefore amazing that one-third of the review discusses the alleged biological explanation that the book proposes, referring to 'Lamarckism with a twist', and to the alleged assumption that I argue that X becomes Y because 'our brains work' in a certain way (159). By contrast, the research for the book was carried out from a 'purely linguistic perspective' (Bauer 1995:218), thereupon relating diachronic linguistics and psycholinguistics without any biological or evolutionary perspectives.


The article deals with the analysis of syntactic transformations used in translation of the novel "Collector" written by John Fowles (the translation was done by Anna Yanovska). The necessity of syntactic transformations in literary translation is proved. The variability and frequency of syntactic transformations usage in translation are examined.


The treatment of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) has improved significantly in the last few decades, resulting in a marked decrease in the mortality associated with this disorder. A significant portion of the improved success in the treatment of CAD has been due to the development of increasingly effective coronary artery revascularization procedures. These procedures are now bundled together under the name Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI). They have achieved widespread acceptance and are used worldwide, with the increase in the use of revascularization treatments paralleling the decrease in CAD mortality.


Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patients.Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted at the NICU on 259 patients who needed ventilator for more than 48 hours. Non-conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent predictors for ventilator-associated pneumonia. The odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated.Results There were 52 episodes of VAP in 259 patients who were mechanically ventilated more than 48 hours.The incidence of VAP was 20.08%. The main pathogens were G - bacterium (82.14%).By non-conditional logistic regression analysis, reintubation (OR=5.341, 95%CI=2.031~14.044),duration of mechanical ventilation (OR=4.789, 95%CI=2.204~10.404) ,treatment with CNS suppressant(OR=3.797,95%CI=1.767~8.516 ) , endotracheal suctioning (OR=3.487,95%CI=1.635~7.437) independently predicted neonatal VAP.Conclusion VAP occurs at significant rates among mechanically ventilated NICU patients and is associated with processes of care. The risk factors of neonatal VAP were reintubation, duration of ventilation, treatment with CNS suppressant and endotracheal suctioning. Additional studies are necessary to develop interventions to prevent neonatal VAP.


We discuss the Empirical Bayes approach to the problem of multiple testing and compare it with a very popular frequentist method of Benjamini and Hochberg aimed at controlling the false discovery rate. Our main focus is the 'sparse mixture' case, when only a small proportion of tested hypotheses is expected to be false. The specific parametric model we consider is motivated by the application to detecting genes responsible for quantitative traits, but it can be used in a variety of other applications. We define some Parametric Empirical Bayes procedures for multiple testing and compare them with the Benjamini and Hochberg method using computer simulations. We explain some similarities between these two approaches by placing them within the same framework of threshold tests with estimated critical values. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


A new intertidal zone extraction method based on satellite remote sensing image fusion is presented to overcome the shortcomings of the lacking of intertidal zone data and extraction method.The shift-invariant discrete wavelet transform(SIDWT) algorithm is used for fusing SAR and panchromatic remote sensing images which are taken on different time of the same tidal periodicity.A new fusion rule is presented for complementary information enhancement.The fused approximate coefficients are obtained by weight rule based on edge extracting.Maximum absolution value rule is adopted to fuse the detailed coefficients.Thus the new fused image can outstand the tide intertidal shape,coast line and alongshore zone characteristic for visual interpretation easily.Experimental results for real images demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm proposed.


Coix lacryma-jobi L., also named as job's tears, is widely cultivated and applied as food and herbal medicine, especially in Asia (Aradilla, 2018; Arora, 1977). Low genetic diversity at the species and accession levels but a strong genetic variation among all accessions tested by intersimple sequence repeat markers was shown in a previous study (Xi et al., 2016). The authors also reported that the proportion of triglyceride in the accessions test could be a useful indicator for quality control. In addition, job's tears cultivar Thai Black Loei, which has antiproliferative activity and apoptosis, has been shown to be a potential medicine to treat cancer (Manosroi et al., 2016). In Taiwan, the ecological traits of job's tears are an area of focus in breeding programs, for example, greater grain yield, larger grains, stronger lodging resistance, effective pest and disease resistance, and easier for mechanical harvest (Tseng and Chen, 2007; Tseng et al., 2009; Tseng and Kao, 1995). 'Taichung No. 3', an elite job's tear variety, belongs to Coix lacrymajobi var. ma-yuen, shows good characteristics, including stronger stalk to resistance lodging and greater grain yield (3500 kg/ ha), and is commonly grow as a minor cereal crop and applied as healthy food (Bhavna et al., 2017; Kuo et al., 2012; Tseng et al., 2009). However, the plant height of 'Taichung No. 3' is 2 m taller than expected, which is an obstacle to harvest for farmers. Thus, the development of a shorter variety suitable for mechanical harvest with greater grain yield is the main project of job's tears breeding in Taiwan. The Taichung Agricultural Research and Extension Station (TDARES) has announced the release of the 'Taichung No. 5' job's tears (Coix lacryma-jobi L.), a cultivar with greater grain yield and shorter plant height that is suitable for mechanical harvesting. This cultivar was developed using a series of crossing, selection, and evaluation using field performances as discussed in the sections to follow.


The open and distance education wins people's trust and recognition with its open and flexible characteristics.However,the high dropout rate in open and distance education cannot be ignored.Studies on distance learners' dropout started earlier and have formed more mature theories abroad.While domestic study is still in the descriptive stage.Foreign research results have important implications on domestic study.


Background: Standard therapy for cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) is low-molecular-weight heparin. The use of direct oral anticoagulants for cancer-associated VTE has increased; however, their efficacy and safety in lung cancer patients remain unclear. Objectives: We examined the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban compared with dalteparin for cancer-associated VTE in patients with primary lung cancer. Methods: A single-center retrospective study of 204 patients with primary lung cancer who were prescribed rivaroxaban (n = 131) or dalteparin (n = 73) for VTE was performed. The primary endpoint was a composite event including recurrence and major or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding. Secondary endpoints included the incidence of recurrence, major and clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding, all-cause mortality, and bleeding or pulmonary embolism-related mortality. Results: The composite event occurred in 38 (29.0) and 12 (16.4%) patients in the rivaroxaban and dalteparin (p = 0.045) groups, respectively. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model for age, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score, and bleeding risk factors revealed the rivaroxaban group showed a 1.176-fold composite event risk without statistical significance (0.595–2.324, p = 0.641). There was no statistically significant intergroup difference for the incidence of VTE recurrence (5.3% in the rivaroxaban group versus 2.7% in the dalteparin group, p = 0.495) and major or clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding (23.7% in the rivaroxaban group versus 13.7% in the dalteparin group, p = 0.089). There was no significant difference in the all-cause mortality rate (hazard ratio 0.864, 95% CI 0.624–1.196, p = 0.337). Conclusions: There was no difference in the safety and efficacy profile of rivaroxaban compared with dalteparin. Therefore, rivaroxaban may be a valuable treatment option for lung cancer-associated VTE.


Objective The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation is an effective measure in reducing seizure frequency in adult patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Study Design This systematic review comprises a randomized controlled trial and an observational pilot study, both published in 2014, as well as a double-blind randomized control trial published in 2016. Data Sources All articles were published and displayed in English. The articles were obtained via the PubMed database. Outcomes Measured Reductions in average seizure frequency were analyzed based on data from patient seizure diaries. Secondary outcomes, including quality of life and seizure severity, were measured through the Quality of Life in Epilepsy-31 (QoLIE-31) and Liverpool Seizure Severity Scale (LSSS), respectively. Results Aihua et al. and Peijing et al. demonstrated a significant reduction in seizure frequency, as well as significant improvements in QoLIE-31 and LSSS scores. Bauer et al. did not achieve statistically significant reductions in seizure frequency compared to the control, nor did they demonstrate significant improvements in the QoLIE-31 or LSSS scores. Conclusion The results evaluated in this systematic review showed promise for the use of tVNS in the treatment of pharmacoresistent epilepsy. However, due to conflicting data and study design limitations, no definitive conclusion could be achieved at this time. Further study is required to better characterize the efficacy of tVNS in reducing seizure burden.


Pillarless sublevel caving method is characterized by ore drawing under overlaying rock,unreasonable structure parameters of stope will easily increase ore loss and dilution,resulting in the waste of resources and the reduction of economic benefits.Combined with the experimental study on optimization of caving space for pillarless sublevel caving with high sublevel and large drift interval in Meishan iron mine,simulation experiments of 9 ore drawing schemes that dip angle of caving end-wall was 80°,85°,90° and the optimal ore drawing space respectively was 3.6,4,4.4 and 4.8 m were carried out by similar materials ore-drawing experiment and computer mining simulation.Using "the maximum difference between the recovery ratio and dilution ratio" and "ore recovery without dilution" as the optimal indexes,the data of the experiments was analyzed comprehensively.It was indicated that a good result of ore drawing will be achieved when caving space is 4.4 m and the dip angle of caving end-wall is between 88°and 90° under 18 m sublevel height and 20 m drift interval.


Performance fees have the potential to significantly increase the costs borne by investors. The asset management industry defends incentive fees because they align the interests of fund managers with those of investors. By offering empirical evidence on the performance of equity funds in Italy, we aim to contribute to the debate regarding incentive fees and their regulation. Our estimates indicate that incentive fee funds not only expose subscribers to higher levels of risk without offering better risk-adjusted performance in return but also are no less expensive than non-incentive fee funds.


The course of "circumstance and policy" is not only a public required course, but also a special basic course. According to the present situation for teaching, we must reform: define the teaching guiding thought, grasp the main characteristic of this course, pay attention to the teaching condition building, tighten up the teacher's diathesis.


We investigate coherent single surface-plasmon transport in a metal nanowire strongly coupled to two colloidal quantum dots. Analytical expressions are obtained for the transmission and reflection coefficients by solving the corresponding eigenvalue equation. Remote entanglement of the wave functions of the two quantum dots can be created if the inter-dot distance is equal to a multiple half-wavelength of the surface plasmon. Furthermore, by applying classical laser pulses to the quantum dots, the entangled states can be stored in metastable states which are decoupled from the surface plasmons.


Jurisdiction — In general — Territorial — Exemptions from and restrictions upon territorial jurisdiction — Foreign States — Democratic Republic of Vietnam — Whether entitled to jurisdictional immunity — Whether entitled to immunity from execution — The law of France


In this paper,a two-stage compression heat pump cycle was firstly proposed.With this system,the cooling and heating capacities could be simultaneously and independently adjusted.And then,based on the case study,the system performance was theoretically analyzed under different parameter conditions,such as refrigerant mass flow rate,environment temperature,hot water temperature,subcooling and overheating degrees.In addition,influence factors for the characteristic temperature were discussed.


This paper covers investigation which was carried out in the United Kingdom (UK), where utilization of waste materials in building industry had been encouraged in line with the UK government strategy to reduce waste disposal to landfill. The investigation was about building block named as Masonryblock, a masonry building block material that incorporates waste materials, namely steel slag, crushed glass, and coal fly ash, bound with bitumen (asphalt). The binder used was 50 pen bitumen. The materials were hot mixed, statically compacted then cured at 200°C for 24 hours. The main properties of the blocks evaluated were compressive strength, creep and volume stability due to moisture and thermal exposure. It was found that the Masonryblock compressive strength was comparable or even can exceed the compressive strength of concrete block commonly used in the UK (2.8-10 MPa), and can satisfy creep strain < 100 microstrain. The volume stability of the Masonryblock was found affected by moisture exposure. The samples expanded due to higher relative humidity and vice versa. On thermal exposure the samples expanded and the expansion was found highly reversible. The Masonryblocks gave coefficient of thermal expansion comparable to clay bricks.


Theoretical and experimental support is presented for the hypothesis that organic compounds occurring in carbonaceous chondrites may have formed under equilibrium or near equilibrium conditions. The equilibrium distributions of organic compounds at temperature between 300 and 1000 K and pressures of 10(exp 16) to 50 atmospheres for the C-H-O system have been computed. At high temperatures and low pressures aromatic compounds may form even in the presence of excess hydrogen. Equilibrium concentrations of numerous compounds possible at 1000 K when N, S, and C1 are added to the system have also been determined. A limited equilibrium method is employed in which those few compounds which form with most difficulty are excluded from the computations. This approach is shown to be useful in the interpretation of certain experimental data. In preliminary experiments it has been found that gases, converted to the plasma state by high energy radio frequency discharge, yield product mixtures which are in qualitative agreement with those predicted.


This paper offers a Christian's understanding of the formal constraints upon any properly Christian response to the facts of religious plurality. It does this by sketching a particular view of what it is to offer a religious account, outlining the Christian account, and showing the implications of the latter for the paper's central question. The paper's position is Identical with none of the commonly defended positions (pluralism, inclusivism, exclusivism); rather, it attempts to change the terms. of the debate. A version of this paper was delivered to the Society of Christian Philosophers at Bethel College, Minnesota, on 8 April, 1995. I'm indebted to Paul Reasoner for the invitation to deliver that lecture, and to its audience for the useful discussion it received. I've made revisions in the light of that discussion and on the basis of comments by Chris Gamwell, Laurie Patton, Charles Math ewes, and Del Kiernan-Lewis, to each of whom I am most grateful.


Semenogelin 1 (SEMG1) is an important secretory protein in spermatozoa involved in the formation of a gel matrix encasing ejaculated spermatozoa. Previous studies show that the SEMG1 gene is highly expressed in spermatozoa from patients with asthenozoospermia (AZS); however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet clear.


By E. Milton Boone. (New York : John Wiley & Sons, Inc. London : Chapman & Hall Ltd.) Pp. vii+483. Price 68s. Professor Milton's book has been written primarily for college and university students and has been based on his experience at Ohio State University in teaching engineering students who have pursuedpreliminary courses of study in mathematics, including differential and integral calculus, physics and some circuit theory. The first chapters are devoted to the circuit theory of diodes, triodes, tetrodes and pentodes, four-terminal-network theory being applied to the operation of these tubes in the linear region of their characteristics.


ABSTRACT
 We investigated the feasibility and acceptability of integrating early childhood development into Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) services in Malawi. We recruited mothers living with HIV in the PMTCT programs who had an infant ≤8 weeks of age. Group ECD sessions were delivered while mothers waited for HIV consultations. Follow up was conducted at 9 months postnatal. A sub-sample of mothers completed in-depth interviews which were translated, transcribed, and analyzed. 197 mothers were recruited for the integrated program: 147/197 (75%) enrolled, 114/147 (78%) completed follow up, and 62/114 (54%) completed interviews. Acceptability of the program was high, with reports of improved self-confidence and parenting capacity, increased father involvement and improved relationships with healthcare providers. Participants reported that the program made PMTCT visits more enjoyable and supportive, and reduced time and effort required for HIV care. Mothers also believed stigma within healthcare settings was reduced. The integration of ECD into PMTCT is feasible and acceptable in a low-resource setting like Malawi. Findings indicate that the integration has potential to increase satisfaction and potential retention in HIV care programs. Additional research is required to test the effects of integrated programs on child health and development, maternal health and adherence. Key messages Benefits for mothers and children can be achieved through the successful integration of an early childhood development programme into PMTCT Option B+ services in Malawi. Our study based on in-depth interviews with 62 mothers indicated that such an approach is feasible and acceptable. Participating mothers reported that the integration of the early childhood development component improved their confidence and they believed it improved their parenting; led to improved relationships with health care providers; increased the engagement of fathers and support from others in the family; helped mothers build a new social network and support system through the peer engagement components; reduced the risk of stigmatization in the health care setting.


We introduce ml-BERT, an effective machine learning method for automatic short answer grading when training data, i.e., graded answers, is limited. Our method combines BERT (Bidirectional Representation of the Transformer), the state-of-the-art model for learning textual data representations, with meta-learning, a training framework that leverages additional data and learning tasks to improve model performance when labeled data is limited. Our intuition is to use meta-learning to help us learn an initialization of the BERT parameters in a specific target subject domain using unlabeled data, thus fully leveraging the limited labeled training data for the grading task. Experiments on a real-world student answer dataset demonstrate the promise of ml-BERT method for automatic short answer grading.


The linear expansion and contraction in the principal planar directions of poly [1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne] film were measured concurrently with the sorption of n-nonane at 35°C. After the first sorption cycle, in which the polymer exhibited markedly nonisotropic volumetric dilation, the polymer expanded and contracted reproducibly during subsequent multiple sorption and desorption cycles. These reversible dilation isotherms were reproducible from sample to sample. The fractional change in length was identical in arbitrarily selected, orthogonal directions in the plane of the film, suggesting that the expansion and dilation of the sample are isotropic


Shortly after the opening of the Houston Astrodome in 1965, turfgrass specialists realized the difficulty of growing natural grass indoors. The solution was the introduction of Astroturf . Astroturf was developed as a short-pile carpet with pad laid over a concrete surface. The advantage for the stadium owners was the very low maintenance costs. However, since its introduction many coaches, players and administrators have complained that artificial turf leads to a greater number of injuries. They feel that increased friction found with Astroturf type fields leads to increased knee injuries. They also feel that the hardness of the Astroturf surface causes more head injures, especially concussions. As a result, many facilities soon removed the Astroturf fields and replaced them with natural grass.


Nano/micro structured porous Li4Ti5O12 for high rate Li-ion batteries is prepared by mixing EtOH solutions of LiOH and PEG to which H2O and (Bu-O)4Ti is given under stirring in an ice bath followed by hydrothermal treatment of the resulting dispersion (autoclave, 120 °C, 24 h), drying, and calcination in air (500-700 °C, 2 h).


Delineating the distribution of oil and natural gas resources is a prerequisite of exploitation. The delineation methods usually include conventional techniques of reservoir evaluation and mathematical models. The conventional reservoir evaluation results generally depend on the experts' knowledge and experience in the field. The mathematical methods mostly require accurate models to be proposed. Considering spatial relationships and characteristics of geological reservoir problems, including nonlinearity, complexity and uncertainty, a novel model called geospatial case‐based reasoning for oil–gas reservoir evaluation was proposed in this article. The key components of the new model, including: (1) the joint representation of spatial relationship and attribute features; (2) the model of spatial relationship and attribute similarity joint reasoning; and (3) the methods of establishing weights for the spatial relationship and attribute features, are completely constructed. A case study of the proposed model for gas reservoir evaluation was carried out. Compared with the backpropagation artificial neural network (BP‐ANN) and the geological empirical evaluation (GEE) methods, the model presented in this article performs 6.38% and 46.81% better than BP‐ANN and GEE, respectively. Furthermore, its execution is simpler, more convenient, and importantly, its utilization hardly requires any professional knowledge of the field.


The AP85 system is a loosely coupled MIMD multiprocessor developed byA CTRI.In this paper,the AP85 system is simply described,and some main pointsabout the implementation of parallel algorithms is also investigated.Last,there arethree mathematic examples in the paper,thus using these problems,we can discussthe development of parallel algorithms on AP85 system and analyse the efficiency ofalgorithms.all of examples are useful for studying parallel algorithms on the MIMDmultiprocessor.


Fertilization mode affects soil quality and ecological health. The effects of four fertilization regimens on lignocellulose content, readily degradable carbohydrate decomposition, and potential microbial functions in the topsoil of a wheat–maize rotation system between 2012 and 2017 were investigated. The fertilization regimens of control (control NFNB), high chemical fertilizer (HCF), high biochar plus low chemical fertilizer (HBLCF), and biochar-based fertilizer (BBF) were compared on soil fundamental properties, microbial structure, and potential function in soil carbohydrate degradation based on metagenome analysis. The diversity of carbohydrate-active enzyme genes in the topsoil microbial consortia in the four trials was primarily distributed within the ten ecologically most dominant phyla. Application of BBF was associated with the lowest decline in total nitrogen and P2O5 (2012-2017: 6.5% and 28.1%, respectively) and the most effective carbohydrate decomposition (2015-2017: 67.0% for cellulose and 59.9% for readily degradable carbohydrate). Carbohydrate transport and metabolism accounted for 6.0% of reads assigned functional classification under the BBF regimen. These findings reveal the ecologically functional diversity of topsoil microorganisms and suggest BBF application as a promising strategy for sustainable agriculture and beneficial to soil health.
Keywords: biochar-based fertilizer, carbohydrate decomposition, genetic function, microbial community, topsoil
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20191206.4849

Citation: Shen Y J, Zhao L X, Meng H B, Cheng H S, Ding J T, Wang J R, et al. Metagenome analysis reveals potential microbial functions in topsoil of wheat–maize rotation system with five-year application of fertilizers. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2019; 12(6): 177–184.


The growth parameters of gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata ) fry supplied from three different hatcheries stocked in nine HDPE offshore cages (30 m diameter and 22 m depth) were investigated for 450 days. It was determined that the fish obtained from Firm A on the 450th day gained more weight by consuming less feed. Fishes belonging to Firm A consumed an average of 1.8 kg of feed for one kg body weight gain, while fishes belonging to Firm B consumed an average of 2.29 kg and fishes of Firm C consumed an average of 2.18 kg. However, feed conversion rates were not significant between firms. Also, the highest survival rate was determined in fish from Firm B with 96.11%. As a result, the success of fish culture should be guaranteed by the supply of high standard juvenile fish. Otherwise, production costs and fish quality will be adversely affected.


Necessary and sufficient conditions for the discreteness of the Laplacian on a noncompact Riemannian manifold M are established in terms of the isocapacitary function of M. The relevant capacity takes a different form according to whether M has finite or infinite volume. Conditions involving the more standard isoperimetric function of M can also be derived, but they are only sufficient in general, as we demonstrate by concrete examples.


We present an optimization-based framework to construct confidence intervals for functionals in constrained inverse problems, ensuring valid one-at-a-time frequentist coverage guarantees. Our approach builds upon the now-called strict bounds intervals, originally pioneered by Burrus (1965); Rust and Burrus (1972), which offer ways to directly incorporate any side information about parameters during inference without introducing external biases. Notably, this family of methods allows for uncertainty quantification in ill-posed inverse problems without needing to select a regularizing prior. By tying our proposed intervals to an inversion of a constrained likelihood ratio test, we translate interval coverage guarantees into type-I error control, and characterize the resulting interval via solutions of optimization problems. Along the way, we refute the Burrus conjecture, which posited that, for possibly rank-deficient linear Gaussian models with positivity constraints, a correction based on the quantile of the chi-squared distribution with one degree of freedom suffices to shorten intervals while maintaining frequentist coverage guarantees. Our framework provides a novel approach to analyze the conjecture and construct a counterexample by employing a stochastic dominance argument, which we also use to disprove a general form of the conjecture. We illustrate our framework with several numerical examples and provide directions for extensions beyond the Rust-Burrus method for non-linear, non-Gaussian settings with general constraints.


According to the characteristics of Shanxi electric power system,it proposed three suitable short-term load forecasting models for electric power systems.The test results of actual power system by these models show relatively high accuracy which is in comply with the requirement of the electric power system.


Traditionally, Intaglio printing is one of the key security elements for banknotes and security documents, providing high-resolution fine-line elements and the characteristic tactility easily recognized by the public. The conventional process of creating Intaglio printing-plates involves multiple production steps from the hand-engraving of the artist and the computer-aided-design of security elements to the final, print-ready metal plate. We present the results of a feasibility study regarding the direct laser engraving of Intaglio printing-plates. Results of our studies on laser optics and choice of material to achieve optimal line quality are presented. In our studies we have found a novel plate material superior to galvanic nickel regarding plate lengthening and have achieved line widths in the 10μm range. The process found, allows reintroducing true three-dimensional elements with line-depth and -profiling control independent of line-width, while decreasing lead-times in the production of security documents. We give a comparison between direct laser engraving and traditional platemaking, comparing aspects such as resolution, plate performance and production time.


Aerogels are materials with an open porous, low density and high surface area, which make them an interesting material to carry target compounds. The proposal of this work was to produce gellan aerogels and to study the effect of the diffusion method and internal setting method, the temperature of the gellan pre-treatment, and the addition of inulin on the aerogel shrinkage during the process. The aerogels were produced through hydrogel formulation, solvent exchange to obtain alcogel, and supercritical drying with carbon dioxide. The addition of inulin has reduced the shrinkage, but gelling methods to avoid the inulin loss must be studied, as the oil containing the gelling agent.


The software STAN (subSTance flow ANalysis) is a new user-friendly freeware that supports performing material flow analysis (MFA) according to the Austrian standard ONORM S 2096 (MFA- Application in waste management) under consideration of data uncertainties. After building a graphical model with predefined components (flows, processes, subsystems, system boundaries and text fields), known data (mass flows, stocks, concentrations and transfer coefficients) with corresponding physical units can be either entered or imported for different hierarchical layers (good, substance, energy) and time periods. A graph of the model with flows displayed as Sankey arrows (i.e. the width of a flow is proportional to its value) can be printed or exported into various graphical formats. If sufficient data are given calculation algorithms can be used to reconcile uncertain data and to compute unknown variables including their uncertainties (error propagation). Statistical tests are used to detect gross errors in a given data set. The features of STAN are demonstrated on the example of a fictitious waste management company.


: Escherichia coli ( E. coli) is a short Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic and rod shaped bacterium of the genus Escherichia that is commonly found in the lower intestine (Colon) of warm-blooded organisms. Itis most widely studied prokaryotic model organism in the fields of biotechnology and microbiology. The bacterium has the ability to take up nutrients from its environment but also to synthesize many nutrients when they are not available, enabling growth on a minimal medium . E. coli K-12 is first E. coli strain to have its genome sequenced used for several decades as a model bacterium as well as an industrial workhorse due to its relatively short doubling time and easiness in genetic modification. Nonpathogenic strains of E. coli serve as probiotic agents in the field of medicine especially to treat various diseases of gastrointestinal tract . The bacterium cells can be genetically modified so that they have the gene for producing human insulin. The presence of E .coli in environmental samples, food, or water usually indicates recent fecal contamination or poor sanitation practices in food-processing facilities.In conclusion, E. coli are a natural mammalian gut bacteria used as a model organism for scientific research. It is the most preferred microorganism to express heterologous proteins for therapeutic use. It's advisable to encounter E. coli , in to Antibiotic production since polyketides favoring the process of antibiotic production with high rates in E. coli .


Material of Erinaceidae (Eulipotyphla, Mammalia) from Berg Aukas I (late middle Miocene, Namibia) is described. Originally identified as belonging to the gymnure Galerix, the specimens from Berg Aukas I are herein attributed to the hedgehog Amphechinus cf. rusingensis, and they represent the last known occurence of Amphechinus in Africa. Its persistence in Northern Namibia may have been favoured by its generalist palaeoecology and the heterogeneous aridification of southern Africa during the middle Miocene. In addition, an update of the data acquired on African Erinaceidae is provided: a migration of the Galericinae to southern Africa is no longer supported; all attributions of African middle Miocene to Pliocene material to the genus Galerix are considered to be improbable; at least two migratory waves of Schizogalerix are recognized in northern Africa with S. cf. anatolica in the late middle Miocene (Pataniak 6, Morocco) and S. aff. macedonica in the late Miocene (Sidi Ounis, Tunisia).


The mobilization of organized interests is affected not only by social and economic "supply" factors but also by government-related "demand" factors. The authors assess the impact of government activity on the mobilization of interests by examining how federal policy activity stimulates lobbying activity in the states. Empirically, they do this by introducing the federal hearings data used by Leech et al. into the model of state lobbying registrations used by Gray et al. The authors find that congressional hearings in a particular issue area have significant—albeit complex— effects on the mobilization of state interest organizations in that same area.


A waterproofing method for a roof is provided to restrict diffusion of water by partly exposing an upper part of a slab with latticed structure, and to cut down construction cost by entirely forming a waterproof layer. A push layer(4) of a waterproof lift part of a parapet, a rooftop or a vent and a thermal insulation material are cut and removed to repair a leak portion of a roof, and a connection passage is formed between the cut portions. A waterproof layer(20) is formed in the cut connection passage and an upper part of the push layer. A lower part and a side of the connection passage are filled with semisolid adhesive material(40). The adhesive material is made of asphalt bentonite, acryl adhesive, rubber adhesive or mastic, and a panel of an elastic packing is fastened on the adhesive material to pressurize the adhesive material.


Due to the restructuring the economy of Ukraine on the way to sustainable development has become necessary to develop tools to evaluate environmentally safe, sustainable development of the country and its regions. The atmospheric air pollution yields great economic losses. That is why the atmospheric air protection for providing sustainable economic development is an issue of primary importance to be covered by framework documents. The organization of environmental activity accounting at the enterprises should be considered as an effective tool of atmospheric air condition improvement with the purpose of providing necessary information to manage and to improve environmental security at the macro-level. In common set of environmental liabilities of the enterprise a separate element were identified environmental liabilities from transactions with the atmospheric air. The classification of environmental liabilities from transactions with the atmospheric air has been proposed for the formation of the necessary information about the environmental activities of the company.


Grant Agreement number 792355 Project acronym GEO4CIVHIC Project full title Most Easy, Efficient and Low Cost Geothermal Systems for Retrofitting Civil and Historical Buildings Due date of deliverable 29/02/2020 (M23) Lead beneficiary M. Belliardi, L. Soma (SUPSI) Other authors R. Pasquali (GEOSERV) B. Sanner (UBeG) A. Zarrella, M. De Carli, A. Galgaro (UNIPD) R. Perego, S. Pera (SUPSI) B. Badenes (UPV) D. Bertermann (FAU)


For the solvable polynomial algebras introduced and studied by Kandri-Rody and Weispfenning [J. Symbolic Comput., 9(1990)], a constructive characterization is given in terms of Gr\"obner bases for ideals of free algebras, thereby solvable polynomial algebras are completely determinable in a computational way.


The purpose of this chapter is two-fold: (1) to make the case that a standard backward propagation artificial neural network (ANN) can be used as a general model of the information processing activities of the firm, and (2) to present a synthesis of Barr and Saraceno (BS) (2002, 2004, 2005), who offer various models of the firm as an artificial neural network.


Gastric volvulus is a rare clinical and occurs when the stomach rotates 180° in its transverse or longitudinal axis. Symptoms may range from mild abdominal pain to volvulus necrosis. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is not very often associated with abdominal gastric volvulus. Usually, the volvulus is primary and results from anatomical ligament defects. Organoaxial volvulus is the most common type and is defined by the rotation of the stomach around the Pylorus or Gastroesophageal Junction.
 Two cases will be presented where the treatment of organo-axial gastric volvulus was performed by video laparoscopy. The literature revision will try to bring some aspects of the problems in missing the diagnosis of the volvulus before operation.
 Two male patients, 24 and 47 years old, underwent surgery, both with extra-esophageal symptoms of GERD associated with symptoms of gastroparesis. Endoscopy, barium swallow and gastrography, manometry, pHmetry, and scintigraphy gastric emptying test were performed, showing a delayed gastric emptying time leading to reflux in both patients.
 Both patients had a good evolution after surgery. The release of the gastric anatomical ligaments was performed, as well as the rotated gastric fundus. The gastric fundus was used to perform a partial fundoplication, with the stomach being fixed to the pillars and diaphragmatic surface, fixing the stomach in a normal anatomical position.
 Gastric volvulus can be an unexpected cause of GERD, and the symptoms usually are refractory without surgical treatment. The appropriate surgical technique can bring good results and symptom relief to patients.


During the blasting excavation of the large-span tunnels, the instability of the blasting caused the overexcavation phenomenon, making the grille arch difficult to land completely in the primary support of the tunnel, thus forming an arch foot defect. In order to reduce the security issues of tunnel engineering construction and scientifically evaluate the influence of arch foot defects on the force performance of the overall structure of the arch frame, combining the Qingdao Metro long-span hard rock tunnel project, this paper designs two grille arch test sections with arch foot defects and one conventional section to carry out field tests. Combining with FLAC3D numerical simulation, the results of the study were used for analyzing the stress characteristics of arch foot defect grille arch in the primary support of the tunnel. The results indicated that (1) the arch foot of conventional section arch frame is subjected to the force transferred from the upper part and the deformation pressure of surrounding rock within the arch foot range, and the upper transfer force borne by the arch foot mainly comes from the deformation of arch waist. (2) When the arch frame has arch foot defects, the deformation of surrounding rock at the arch foot and the deformation transferred from the upper part mainly depend on the shotcrete, thus resulting in the increase of shotcrete strain. (3) Anchoring bolt and shotcrete can integrate the grid arch with the surrounding rock, thus bearing local loads in the arch crown, arch waist, and shotcrete. (4) The numerical calculation of arch frame with arch crown, arch waist, and arch foot defects claims that the force reduction of the arch frame caused by the arch foot defect was the most obvious, and the calculation results were consistent with the actual project.


Polyethylene glycol tosylate is a useful intermediate for the preparation of the functionalized polyethylene glycol.A series of polyethylene glycol di-tosylates and polyethylene glycol mono-tosylates were synthesized from polyethylene and p-toluenesulfonyl chloride with the yields of products reaching 55%~80%,and the products were characterized by 1HNMR spectrometry.


— In this work, H 2 and H ∞ optimization criteria are briefly discussed and the employment of the resulting H 2 and H ∞ filters is evaluated in the context of adaptive channel equalization. The criteria complementarity, with the first criterion presenting better mean performance and the second one being appropriate for "worst case" situations, suggests a combination of their characteristics. Therefore, a convex combination of the H 2 and H ∞ filters is carried out, which leads to a structure that performs in terms of mean-square error as well as (and in some conditions better than) the best individual filter


The kinetic parameters reported by Scott et al were modified and the activation energies are regressed by using experimental polarization data and the coverages of intermediate species involving adsorbed methanol(Mad),COad and OHad are quantitatively analyzed.Furthermore,the relationship between coverage and overpotential is discussed under different operation temperatures and methanol concentrations,then the theoretical polarization curve is calculated on the basis of adsorption-reaction kinetics.The results show that the small coverage of COad has significant influence on kinetic behaviors.The rate-determining step is the electro-decomposition of adsorbed methanol at low overpotential and changes to methanol activation adsorption on Pt site at high overpotential.A transition area exists without ratedetermining step at middle overpotential.The theoretical polarization curve gives good agreement with the experimental data,though with some deviation at high methanol concentration and high overptential possibly because of the increasing influence of the CO2 bubbles produced from the reaction.


200  Abstract—The efficiency and performance of multitasking operating systems mainly depend upon the use of CPU scheduling algorithms. Round Robin (RR) performs optimally in timeshared system but it is not suitable for real time system because it gives more number of context switches, larger waiting and turnaround time. In this paper, we have proposed a new Round Robin with Highest Response Ratio Next (RRHRRN) scheduling algorithm, which uses Highest Response Ratio (HRR) criteria for selecting processes from Ready Queue. Our experimental result shows that our proposed algorithm performs better than algorithm in DQRRR [1] in terms of reducing the number of context switches, average waiting time and average turnaround time.


On the basis of a corpus research it is shown that quantifier preposing in French and Italian, arguably a focalization mechanism, is a root phenomenon, occurring only in root-clauses and in root-like clauses. It is furthermore shown that other types of focalization in the left periphery in French and Italian are not root phenomena, in accordance with Emonds' claim for English clefting. The question is why there should be such a difference. Three recent approaches to root phenomena are discussed, a syntactic one, a pragmatic-semantic one, and a mixed one. A mixed analysis of the focalization data is proposed.


The paper deals with the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) problem in large-scale wind turbine systems. The inertia of the large-scale wind turbine is very big and the optimal torque control (OTC) only considers the steady-state operating point of the system, leading to a long tracking time. For the existing sliding mode control (SMC) based on OTC, the MPPT efficiency is improved at the cost of the fluctuation of generator torque. In this paper, a sliding mode controller with variable parameter is proposed for improving MPPT efficiency. Compared with the existing control strategies, the performance of the proposed method is validated by using a FAST (Fatigue, Aerodynamic, Structure, and Turbulence) model based on the 5MW wind turbine. Simulation results clearly show that a more rapid speed response could be obtained through the proposed method, while the power capture efficiency is increased and the fluctuation of generation torque is decreased.


This paper presents the design and implementation of a novel low-cost speed sensorless control technique for a permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance motor (PMa-SynRM). A robust adaptive speed (RAS) observer is designed for estimating the rotor speed and position, respectively. The RAS observer estimates the PMa-SynRM speed and position from the back electromotive force space-vector determination without voltage sensors by using the reference voltages issued from the current controllers instead of the actual ones. The novelty of the proposed RAS estimation technique is the adaptation of the feedback error of the actual values. Thus, the proposed observer structure promises a higher degree of robustness against PMa-SynRM parameter changes in the sensitivity analysis presented in this paper. The dynamic model and experimental realizations of the proposed control technique are introduced. A 6-kW PMa-SynRM drive test setup is constructed including a dSPACE 1104 board as the control heart of the proposed system. The hardware-in-the-loop Typhoon HIL 402 device is used to experimentally emulate the PMa-SynRM and the inverter connected to a dSPACE MicroLabBox. The proposed RAS observer robustness is evaluated using a HIL model and experimental results under different conditions. A comparative experimental analysis between the proposed RAS and Luenberger observers has been performed.


We use narrow-band laser excitation of Yb atoms to substantially enhance the brightness of a cold beam of YbOH, a polyatomic molecule with high sensitivity to physics beyond the standard model (BSM). By exciting atomic Yb to the metastable 3P1 state in a cryogenic environment, we significantly increase the chemical reaction cross-section for collisions of Yb with reactants. We characterize the dependence of the enhancement on the properties of the laser light, and study the final state distribution of the YbOH products. The resulting bright, cold YbOH beam can be used to increase the statistical sensitivity in searches for new physics utilizing YbOH, such as electron electric dipole moment and nuclear magnetic quadrupole moment experiments. We also perform new quantum chemical calculations that confirm the enhanced reactivity observed in our experiment and compare reaction pathways of Yb(3P) with the reactants H2O and H2O2. More generally, our work presents a broad approach for improving experiments that use cryogenic molecular beams for laser cooling and precision measurement searches of BSM physics.


By using of 212 hybrids (F 1) derived from Ae.kotschyi CMS line - Tai911289 and Ae.ventricosa CMS line - Tai911289 were crossed with fertile plants of genotype of regulation selection population C 3 and their 6 restoring parents. The restoring degree and the haploid ratios of K、V-cytoplasmic hybrid wheat were studied. The results showed that the restoring ability of population had been significantly improved with the increase of frequencies of the restoring gen and genotype due to recombination and accumulation of various restoring gene by three cycle of recurrent selection. There were 30% genotypes selected from C 3 fertile population, the restoring degree of them were up to 81.0%~ 96.2% , the average was 90.2%, increased by 14.5% compared with the average of 6 parents (75.7%). There were 21% of them produced haploids in the hybrid wheat (F 1), the change range of haploid ratios was 3.90%~9.83%. The haploid ratios were reduced with the increasing of restoring degree and showed significant negative correlation (r=-0.8732~-0.9258). This result could be given to show that the restoring gene had some inhibitory effects on haploid production.


This laboratory study on stimulating anthocyanin production in skin disks of 'McIntosh' apples consisted of 3 primary parts, the effects of sugars, calcium containing compounds, and a series of miscellaneous substances. Fructose, glucose, lactose, maltose, and sucrose all stimulated anthocyanin production. Lactose increased the color in the skin of immature fruits only. Calcium chelate, tetra sodium EDTA, calcium carbonate, and calcium succinate increased anthocyanin formation, but in varying degrees depending on the stage of fruit maturity. Among possible precursors in anthocyanin synthesis, trans-cinnamic acid and L-phenylalanine stimulated red color development at relatively low concentrations, but acted as inhibitors at higher ones. Shikimic acid had no effects. Solutions with a low pH tended to inhibit anthocyanin formation.


The problem of inadequacy of mathematical models of measurement objects is considered in connection with the problem of "definitional uncertainty of measurement" and the need for risk management in accordance with GOST ISO/IEC 17025-2019 "General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories". The prehistory of the problem is described: from the formation of moment and compositional approaches to estimating accuracy to the introduction of a special term "inadequacy error for mathematical model of measurement object". The negative impact of hopelessness of conceptual and terminological transformations in metrology and critical contradiction of the applicability estimates for "statistical methods" of GOST R ISO/IEC 31010-2011 "Risk management – Risk assessment techniques" and "Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement" is noted. It is shown that taking into account the inadequacy of probabilistic models in risk calculations is a necessary condition for results reliability.


Adductor spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is a focal laryngeal dystonia resulting in closure spasms of the larynx during speech. Botulinum toxin (occulium A) injection into the thyroarytenoid muscle is currently used to temporarily ameliorate gross voice symptoms of this condition. Studies of subtle voice change are needed to describe and track the toxin effects. Aerodynamic, kinematic, and acoustic recordings of SD patients were obtained over a three‐month period. In one patient, glottal adduction immediately decreased after toxin injection and subglottal pressure steadily decreased over the three‐month period, suggesting an adaptation to reduced respiratory effort. The course of peak glottal airflow, maximum flow derivative, and glottal adduction show variations reflecting physiological and behavioral adjustments. Data for other subjects will be discussed. The significance of the study pertains not only to toxin effects on communication, toxin dose administration, and therapy concerns, but also to laryngeal fun...


According to the temperature characteristic of the real production process, and in view of skewing and uncertain complicated non-linear control problem systematically, this paper puts forward a new kind of chaos-PID control scheme and the temperature control applied in the resistance furnace. A simulation result shows that the algorithm is of reliability, high precision and strong ability of anti-interfere and robustness, it is much better than the common PID control and fuzzy control technique.


In order to properly define series, we need to get back on some properties of infinite sequences, as briefly mentioned yesterday in the MAT8181 course. Consider some sequence . The sequence is said to be summable if is convergent, i.e. if the limit of  exists when . From Cauchy criterion,  converges if and only if for each , there is  for which when . The sequence  is said to be absolutely summable if and square-summable if Observe that absolute summability will imply square summability ...


Heterogeneous Objects are functionally perfect structures, which are being studied in different disciplines. The currently popular modeling methods, visualization and Finite Element Analysis approaches for Heterogeneous Objects are described and the design methods of Heterogeneous Objects are also compared in detail. As a result, a novel technology of manufacturing Heterogene- ous Objects is also presented.


This study investigates the influence of high-frequency pulse detonation (HFPD) spraying parameters on particle characteristics and coating quality. A dual-slit velocimeter was used to measure the velocity and temperature of Al2O3 particles as fuel flow ratio and spray distance were adjusted. Experimental results show that particle velocity varied from 600 to 820 m/s as the fuel flow ratio was changed, but particle temperature remained relatively constant at about 2200 °C. Spraying distance had essentially no effect on in-flight particle properties although it influenced deposition efficiency, as did fuel flow ratio.


Oil palm is the main agricultural crop in Papua New Guinea (PNG). In West New Britain Province (WNBP) and New Ireland Province (NIP) oil palm are attacked by a variety of insect pests including long-horned grasshoppers (katydids) from two genera, Segestes and Segestidea (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae),and a stick insect: Eurycantha calcarata (Phasmatidae: Eurycanthinae). The rhinoceros beetles: Scapanes australis and Oryctes rhinoceros, Taro beetle: Papuana woodlarkiana, Chafer beetle: Dermolepida spp. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), two weevil species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and to a lesser extent, lepidoptera, (Hesperiidae, Lymantriidae, Noctuidae, Peleopodidae and Psychidae) are also of importance. Integrated Pest Management (IPM) techniques are successfully utilised to manage these pests, including the use of a systemic insecticide using targeted trunk injection (TTI) when infestations become widespread. A range of parasitoids are reared and released on a regular basis. The Principles and Criteria of the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) are followed in all aspects of palm oil production. Keywords: Oil palm, Orthoptera, Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, integrated pest management (IPM), Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO).


The state in Africa has sometimes been studied using spatial metaphors that entail certain limitations. The metaphor of a 'gatekeeper state' relies on ambiguous notions of the gate, narrow pathways...


Coffee growing in an agroforestry system may provide improvements in soil chemical and physical attributes, increase crop yield and diversify production. However, there are few studies on coffee growing intercropped with high quality wood-producing species such as African mahogany, teak and Australian cedar. The objective of this study was to evaluate, in an agroforestry system, the effect of coffee intercropping with tree species and the density of these species on chemical and physical soil attributes and on coffee yield. The experiment was carried out in Santo Antonio do Amparo, MG, and 'Catucai' coffee was used in a 3.4x0.7m spacing. A randomized block design with split plots was used, with one additional treatment and 4 replications. The treatments consisted, in the plot, of three tree forest species: Australian cedar, teak and African mahogany, used intercropped with coffee; and, in the subplots, two densities of these forest species: 82 plants ha-1 (13.6 m between rows and 9 m between plants) and 41 plants ha-1 (13.6 m between rows and 18 m between plants). The additional treatment consisted of conventional coffee growing under full sun. 64 months after the experiment was set, when the forest species were still under development, soil samples were taken at a depth of 0 to 0.1 m to determine the following chemical attributes: pH in H2O, potential acidity, organic matter content, P-Mehlich, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, S, B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn and base saturation (V%); and physical soil attributes: bulk density, macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity. Soil temperature at 0.05 m depth and coffee yield were also evaluated. Chemical and physical attributes, besides soil temperature, are similarly influenced with the cultivation of Australian cedar, teak and African mahogany, intercropped with coffee, in both densities, 82 and 41 plants ha-1, after 5 years of implementation of the agroforestry system. Coffee cultivation in agroforestry system with Australian cedar, teak and African mahogany increases the organic matter and P content of the soil, but acidifies the soil and does not influence its physical attributes. The agroforestry system with teak and African mahogany increases coffee yield.
Key words: Coffea arabica; Intercropping; Shading; Soil fertility.


Objective To enhance the healing rate of the wounded patients in earthquake-stricken areas and to deal with the nosocomial infection precaution and control according to the feature of the patients.Methods Hospital institution on nosocomial infection management was formed,the procedure of the nosocomial infection and control was formulated,and the corresponding regulations were fined.Results Patients with open injury had high rates of infection.They were infected with some bacterial and fungus with multidrug resistance and combined with urinary or pulmonary infection.All patients were healed by effective control and management of infection.The goal that none patient died from severe infection and had infection from aseptic operation was attained.Conclusion It is very important to strengthen the nosocomial infection precaution and control for wounded patients in earthquake-stricken areas.


Supramolecular architectures that possess both 1D π-stacked columns and inclusion channels were constructed by symmetry-decreasing crystallization of dehydrobenzo[12]annulene (DBA) derivatives with naphthyl arms and C(3) symmetry. The crystallization can be interpreted as i) formation of a two-fold column, ii) layer formation, and iii) lamination of the layer accompanied by guest inclusion.


Inquiry is central to the learning of science. It has been described as "an approach to learning that involves a process of exploring the natural or material (or social) world and that leads to asking questions, making discoveries, and rigorously testing those discoveries in the search for new understanding" [1]. This article explores the impact of teaching inquiry as contrasted with doing projects and laboratory exercises. Learning through inquiry requires one to have problem solving skills. The authors discuss some of the approaches that they used to teach problem solving skills to High School Physics, Physical Science and Preengineering students and some authentic performance assessment methods that were used to provide effective and timely feedback to the students. We also discuss the change in the teaching philosophy of the teacher during this process and the implications of these changes for future students.


In the paper, a novel fault-tolerant controller is presented for high-order fully-actuated systems (HOFASs) with sensor faults. Nonlinear controllable HOFASs can be globally stabilized via specific control laws. An observability normal form based on each individual measurement is utilized to deduce a q-redundant observation proposition of the HOFAS model with nonlinear measurements. Then, the proposed sensor fault tolerance approach based on redundant observability can yield the ultimately uniformly bounded stability. Main results are proved theoretically and illustrated experimentally.


Abstract Currents [O(0.1 m sec−1)] and sea-level variations [O(0.1 m)] on the continental shelf can be produced when atmospheric disturbances pass by. Since the atmospheric systems have length scales large compared with the width of the shelf, a boundary-layer approximation can be made to the equations governing the local response to these forcing systems. The low-frequency response can be expressed as a sum of modes (continental shelf waves) and the amplitude of each mode is found to satisfy a first-order wave equation which can readily be solved. In a case where some details are worked out, the second mode's contribution to sea-level changes is only 25% of the first mode's and the third mode's contribution only 8%. Thus, given appropriate meteorological information, sea level changes can easily be calculated, and a prediction system is theoretically possible.


This paper discusses relationship among depositional environments, origin of the sedimentary organic matter and diatom fossil assemblage, combined with sequence stratigraphy in an incised-valley system. Interpretation of the environments and their changes was based on sedimentary facies, total sulfur (TS) content, and diatom assemblages. The quantity and composition of organic matter were estimated for the environmental interpretation on the basis of the total organic carbon (TOC) content, reflected-light fluorescent microscopy, and stable carbon isotope ratios of the organic matter (δ13Corg). The Miocene to Pliocene Ishibane, Tatsunokuchi and Motohata formations in northeast Japan consist of estuarine and fluvial deposits that were formed during a rise and fall of sea level. The proportions of vitrinite and cutinite that are coarse-grained and terrestrial in origin are relatively high in fluvial deposits of the lowstand systems tract. The proportion of marine alginite, TOC content, and δ13Corg values increase upward in estuary deposits of the transgressive systems tract. This implies the increase in the influence of the sea and the estuarine bottom conditions becoming anoxic. The proportions of vitrinite and cutinite increase upward in the highstand systems tract, whereas the δ13Corg values and TOC content decrease upward. These reflect the strong influence of river discharge. Variations of diatom fossil assemblage of fresh water, brackish water, intertidal, coastal marine and open marine species indicate the same repetitions of transgression and regression in the Tatsunokuchi Formation. Therefore, the transgressive systems tract in the Tatsunokuchi Formation includes four cycles of transgression and regression, while highstand systems tract shows one cycle of transgression and regression.


A crucial aspect of Timor-Leste's economic performance and political stability in the aftermath of the 2006 crisis has been the way the government has managed a five-fold increase in public spending, and an even more rapid increase in capital spending. While the country's experience has been widely acknowledged as an exemplar of 'buying the peace', less well documented has been the range of unorthodox arrangements adopted by the government to manage this fiscal expansion and to re-order the local political landscape. Sub-national spending was pivotal, despite amounting to only around 3 per cent of the budget. Recent research undertaken by the World Bank,2 including a joint study with the Government of Timor-Leste of its sub-national development programs, provides empirically grounded insights into how public spending can be used to dynamically trade-off and balance competing technical, social and political priorities in the immediate aftermath of conflict. This chapter's assessment of


The paper is devoted to the study of the interdependence between investments and indices of budget statistics in the Privolzhsk Federal regions. The study is carried out by means of correlation regression analysis. On the base of investments amount forecast the authors suggest recommendations for the development of the budget policy by the government bodies in the sphere of rendering investment support to the regions.


This paper systematically assessed trends of aquatic ecology publications related to the urbanization growth during three decades (1990-2010) in Santa Catarina Island. The study was carried out in fifteen watersheds of Santa Catarina Island, located in Florianópolis city, Southern Brazil. Geoprocessing and scientometry tools were used to analyze the evolution of urban areas and publications, respectively, related to these watersheds during three decades. The QGIS software was used to delimitate the catchment area of each watershed and contrast those areas with the built-up area for each decade, therefore obtaining the percentage of area covered with buildings and impervious surfaces. A gradient was created allowing the classification of the watersheds related to the urbanized area percentage, resulting in 5 groups of urbanization (0-5%; 5-10%; 10-20%; 20-30%; >30% of urbanization). Aquatic ecology publications were obtained from several scientific and academic databases and used in the scientometric analysis. The number of publications by decade, document type, knowledge area and watershed of study were recorded. Growth of urbanized areas was mainly evidenced since the 2000s and showed a moderate positive relationship with the number of publications in ecology of aquatic systems in the Santa Catarina Island during the same period. However, differences between watersheds were observed, since the most urbanized watersheds were not necessarily the ones with the largest number of publications. Urban gradient evidenced in Santa Catarina Island offers an opportunity to investigate the impacts of human disturbance on aquatic ecology, water quality and stream communities. Furthermore, the low number of research projects might be contributing to the decline in biological integrity due to the lack of knowledge for evaluation and management in these environments.


This paper proposes the participation of a local energy community (LEC) in providing flexibility services to electrical network. In this regard, the LEC is proposed to provide active power support for the distribution system operator (DSO) in order to control voltage and manage the congestion of the local LV feeders. The LEC also simultaneously provides frequency containment reserves for normal operation (FCR-N) to the transmission system operator (TSO) for system-wide flexibility needs. The proposed model is implemented for a hypothetical case study. The results demonstrate the high potential of the LEC as a flexibility services provider for both DSOs and TSOs.


- Regurgitation experienced by babies more than 4 times a day has a 2 times greater likelihood of experiencing malnutrition compared to infants who have regimens less than 4 times a day. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of football hold position breastfeeding techniques and upright position against the decrease in the frequency of regurgitation in newborns. This research is a pre-experimental design with the one group pretest-posttest design approach. The population in this study were all newborns. Sampling uses the Simple Random Sampling method with a sample of 31 newborns aged 0-28 days who have sucking and swallowing (+) reflexes. Data collection using observation sheets using Wilcoxon Test analysis. The technique of breastfeeding football hold position is done for 15-30 minutes. After breastfeeding the baby is positioned in an upright position for 30 minutes. Observations are carried out for 3 days. Based on the results of the Wilcoxon Test analysis using SPSS shows that the value of p 0,000 is smaller than 0.05. So it was concluded that football hold positions breastfeeding techniques and upright positions were more effective in reducing the Frequency of regurgitation in Newborns InSele Be Solu Hospital In 2019.


The purpose of this paper is to point out that two common forms of the Berthelot equation of state are independent of one another.


Diabetes is major healthcare concern worldwide with horrifi c repercussions. The disease can easily be prevented with just some awareness and efforts of people. Many suffer from this horrendous condition because of lack of knowledge about the disease. To end this, creating awareness of the disease and its effects on millions of people in the world is critically important. In this article, we will outline the importance of these efforts, discuss the barriers in way of awareness and education, and highlight some important models in this arena. As an integral part of a diabetes prevention and control program strong awareness-raising and health promotion strategies are needed.


Background : Globally, abortion mortality accounts for at least 13% of all maternal mortality. Unsafe abortion procedures, untrained abortion providers, restrictive abortion laws and high mortality and morbidity from abortion tend to occur together. Preventing mortality and morbidity from abortion constitutes an important part of safe motherhood initiatives. Methods: This was a cross sectional study. The study period was from August to December 2015. Women with missed abortion and threatened abortion were excluded. The outcome variables included treatment outcomes, contraceptive practices, reproductive desires and disclosure. Results: There were a total of 40 respondents. Prevalence of knowledge of contraceptives was 87.5%, though 95% lacked knowledge of ECs.  The ended pregnancy was unintended in majority of respondents (62.5%). Half of the abortions 50% were induced. Of the eight induced abortions (62.5%) were done by health workers, (25%) by a traditional healer, and 12.5% by a relative. The methods used to induce the abortion included medical methods (25%) =5, surgical (60%) n=12, mechanical local (5%) n=1, herbal (10%) n=2.  Complications of abortion occurred in 20%. Women who had intended pregnancy were more willing to get more children as compared to women who had had unintended pregnancy, 60 % and 54 % respectively. More complications occurred among induced abortions as compared to spontaneous abortion37.5% and 9.7% respectively. Eight women (20%) volunteered to have induced abortion. Conclusion: There is low knowledge of ECs among women undergoing PAC at MRRH with majority having unintended pregnancy. Half of the abortions are induced. Providers of abortion include health workers, a traditional healer, and a relative. The methods used included medical method, mechanical local and, herbal   Complications of abortion occurred in 20%. , and these included septic abortion, perforated viscera and anaemia. Women who had intended pregnancy were more willing to get more children as compared to women who had had unintended pregnancy. More complications occurred among induced abortions as compared to spontaneous abortion. Voluntary disclosure was in 40% of all women who had induced abortion. Recommendations: There is need for expansion of contraceptive services in order to reduce the burden of unintended pregnancies. Emergency contraception should be made more available. All abortions should regard and managed as induced abortion as the rate of voluntary disclosure is low (40%). Keywords: Contraceptive, Practice, Desires, Abortion.


This century the situation has changed: neutrino oscillations have shown that the SM is incomplete. On the other hand, we have not found signs of SUSY, which is seen as the best candidate for New Dynamics (ND). We should search for ND indirectly with accuracy in regions that are above what LHC can find it directly. General comments: (a) QCD is the only local quantum field theory to describe strong forces. We have to apply non-perturbative QCD on different levels to flavor dynamics in strange, charm \& beauty hadrons and even for top quarks. We need consistent parameterization of the CKM matrix and apply to weak decays of beauty hadrons with many-body final states. (b) It is crucial to use the Wilsonian OPE as much as possible and discuss "duality" in the worlds of quarks and hadrons. The pole mass of heavy quarks is {\em not} well-defined on the non-perturbative level -- i.e., it is {\em not} Borel summable in total QCD. (c) We need a novel team to combine the strengths of our tools from MEP and HEP.


Aflastatin A (AsA) and blasticidin A (BcA), metabolites of Streptomyces with similar structures, are inhibitors of aflatoxin production by Aspergillus parasiticus and they can inhibit production of other fungal polyketide metabolites such as melanin produced by Colletotrichum lagenarium. We have clarified that they inhibit a very early step involved in aflatoxin and melanin production, which may be present in primary metabolism of the fungi. In this study, to elucidate the mode of action of AsA and BcA, we examined their effects on pH control and carbon metabolism in A. parasiticus. As a result, they did not affect pH of culture broth and phosphatase expression pattern in the mycelia, but they drastically changed carbon metabolism in the fungus by elevating glucose consumption and ethanol accumulation. We also prepared a photoaffinity probe of BcA to identify its target molecule. A specific binding protein of the probe has not been obtained, but we found that biotinylated proteins endogenously present in the fungus became undetectable when BcA was added to the culture. This suggested that BcA affected metabolism of biotinylated proteins of the fungus.


Summary. — This paper summarizes recent experimental results related to heavy-ion collisions from the CMS Collaboration. Global features, like charged particle and transverse-energy density as a function of pseudorapidity, as well as correlations, elliptic flow, and the production of hard probes like isolated photons, Z and W bosons, jets, J/ψ and Υ particles will be presented. Many of these observations are possible for the first time at the LHC, and the CMS experimental apparatus is well suited to conduct detailed studies of hard probes in the recently collected high-luminosity Pb + Pb data.


OBJECTIVE:To determine the concentration of Dermatan Sulfate,a new antithrombotic medicine in blood or urine by spectrophotometry.METHODS:In Britton Robinson buffer solution(pH=5.8),color fading reaction occurred when Dermatan sulfate combined with neutral red dye to form ionic associate.The reduction of absorbance of the system was positively correlated to dermatan sulfate concentration,with the maximum absorption wavelength at 526 nm.RESULTS:The linear range of dermatan sulfate was 0.18~4.0μg·mL~(-1)(r=0.999 1) with a detection limit of 0.054μg·m~(-1).The average recovery was 100.3%(RSD=1.2%),with RSD of dermatan sulfate at low,medium,and high concentrations at 2.9%, 1.5%,and 1.1%,respectively.The coexisting substances did no interference on the determination results.CONCLUSION: The method is simple,accurate,and sensitive with good methodological selectivity and it achieved satisfactory results in the determination of dermatan sulfate in blood or urine.


The Bachelor's thesis ?The upbringing of children in their leisure time? is about leisure time in terms to children and the youth. The thesis summarizes the theme of leisure, upbringing, spare-time activities and pathological behavior and actions during unsuitable spending leisure time. Part of thesis is dedicated to evaluation of the questionnaire of pupils from the primary school in Chropyně.