The Stable Matching Problem with Couples (SMP-C) is a ubiquitous real-world extension of the stable matching problem (SMP) involving complementarities. Although SMP can be solved in polynomial time, SMP-C is NP-Complete. Hence, it is not clear which, if any, of the theoretical results surrounding the canonical SMP problem apply in this setting. In this paper, we use a recently-developed SAT encoding to solve SMP-C exactly. This allows us to enumerate all stable matchings for any given instance of SMP-C. With this tool, we empirically evaluate some of the properties that have been hypothesized to hold for SMP-C.
We take particular interest in investigating if, as the size of the market grows, the percentage of instances with unique stable matchings also grows. While we did not find this trend among the random problem instances we sampled, we did find that the percentage of instances with an resident optimal matching seems to more closely follow the trends predicted by previous conjectures. We also define and investigate resident Pareto optimal stable matchings, finding that, even though this is important desideratum for the deferred acceptance style algorithms previously designed to solve SMP-C, they do not always find one.
We also investigate strategy-proofness for SMP-C, showing that even if only one stable matching exists, residents still have incentive to misreport their preferences. However, if a problem has a resident optimal stable matching, we show that residents cannot manipulate via truncation.


A method for enlarging and displaying text, according to the present invention, includes the steps of receiving a page image including at least one text; acquiring at least one text object image by cutting out an area corresponding to the at least one text; and selectively displaying the at least one text object image corresponding to the input of a user.


Objective: The aim of the study is to demonstrate that deficits of information processing in schizophrenic patients can be isolated with reaction‐time (RT) decomposition paradigms.


Since the averaged-modeling-method was incapable to analyze converter's transient process as well as the influence on system dynamic performance,which was aroused by its distribute parameters,a numerical simulating method of transmission-line modeling technique was studied by both the theoretical analysis and practical experiment.The respective numerical simulating models of capacitor,inductor,switch components and switch converter were proposed.The method based on transmission-line theory.The modeling process only correlated to the circuit configuration,but had nothing to do with the switching states of the circuit.The experiment results shows that the new proposed method is much easier than the original discrete method which is mainly concerned on the analysis of converter's transient process,and also has a clear physical conception.The method is unconditional stable for the model is on the base of passive linear network.


The degradation of azo dye methyl orange by hybrid ultrasound-Fenton reagent was carried out. The experimental results showed that the ultrasonic irradiation time, the concentration of H2O2 and Fe2+ of Fenton reagent, the pH value of the solution have an immediate effect on the sonochemical degradation. The conditions of the ultrasound-Fenton reaction and the remarkable sequence of those factors were optimized by an orthogonal experiment. The paper also found that hydroxyl radical pathway was the major reaction mechanism for methyl orange degradation.


A simple and sensitive derivative spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of thallium(III) using a newly synthesized reagent diacetylmonoxime-(p-anisyl)-thiosemicarbazone in acetic acid medium. The molar absorptivity and Sandell's sensitivity of the coloured species are 5.6×10 4 L mol -1 cm -1 and 3.6 ng cm -2 , respectively. Beer's law is obeyed between 0.25 and 2.60 μg mL -1 of Tl(III) at 460 nm. The stoichiometry of the complex was found to be 1:2 (metal: ligand). Calibration graphs were derived by measuring first order derivative amplitudes at 425 and 505 nm. The metal ions like Cu(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), Zn(II) and Bi(III) which are usually associated with thallium containing samples do not interfere. The developed procedure has been successfully applied for the trace level determination of thallium in minerals, alloys, urine, soil and water samples.


Respect for humanity is the source of peace and tranquility in society because man has the basic position in this universe. The greatest need in today's world is that peace and order should be established in the world and the society should be peaceful. The only way to this is to respect humanity and give every human being their basic rights. For this purpose, this article examines the teachings of various religions and the attitudes of their followers regarding human respect. Before Islam, the concept of human sanctity was lost in Arab society. And the victorious force inflicted various atrocities on the people. The extremism of the Jews was such that they did not hesitate to kill the Prophets. Before Islam, Jews burned many Christians of Najran. In 453, Christians confiscated the property of non-Christians, and executed them by crucifixion, burning alive, or putting them to the beasts. The religious teachings of Hinduism call for harsh treatment of one's opponents to the point of burning them alive. Islam has declared human life, property, honor and dignity as respectable and ordered to give all human beings their basic rights. And in this regard, no distinction has been made between nation and religion.


Summary form only given, as follows. The purpose of this study is to find the substantial biological effect(s) of the streamers on algae. We have investigated the possible four biological effects on algae independently by means of the microscopic observation.


Situated within the context of 'Transforming our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development' and the associated 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this article explores some current understandings about corporate social responsibility (CSR) and related ethical and sustainable business policies and practices within UK-based global businesses. It also considers the potential lessons for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) based on the approaches of global companies. The research engaged senior CSR managers from UK global brand businesses to discuss their CSR perceptions and practices. To the surprise of researchers, the participants described how they were moving past 'CSR' to instead use the SDGs as their framework. The findings suggest that global companies are reframing CSR within the broader concept of sustainability, influenced by the SDGs, and are willing to offer advice to SMEs as part of a broader supply chain collaboration process. While there is emerging literature focusing on the practical implications of the SDGs for global business, there appears to have been less attention to the potential for knowledge sharing between global companies and SMEs linked to the SDGs. Our research asked participants about recommendations for SMEs and these are also discussed in this paper. Our intention is to make a particular contribution to the latter area of inquiry and demonstrate the relevance of the SDGs to business, regardless of size.


The reason of chattering in variable structure control was studied,and many methods for chattering reduction were discussed.A new variable structure controller for a hydraulic servo system was designed.The simulation results show that the variable structure controller can maintain the robustness and reduce the chattering in the control system.


We discuss two points raised by the articles in this special issue, which are related to our previous work on media movements in Latin America. First, we analyze the dimensions of data activism in the region. Recent experiences in Latin America suggest two types of data activism differentiated by goals and spheres of action: social data activism and data rights activism. They also have diverse tactics and achievements. Second, we discuss the Global South as the site of counter-epistemic and alternative practices, and we wonder whether the concept of "data colonialism" adequately captures the dynamics of the digital society in areas of well-entrenched digital divides. We argue that datafication and the opposition to datafication in the South does not develop exactly as in the North given huge political, economic, social, and technological differences in the context of the expansion of digital capitalism.


The new International Plaza plants to adopt a natural gas distributing energy supply system.It predicts the heating,cooling and electric load based on investigation and calculation.Referring the results of prediction,the feasibility and the cost of the system are analyzed,comparing it with the original program.The analysis results show that distributed energy supply system will satisfy the variety of energy demand of the square.The distributing energy supply system has obvious advantages from cost,safety and stability,and so on.Therefore,natural gas distributing energy supply system implemented in this square has very high value and long-term benefits.


The land surface temperature (<italic>Ts</italic>) is an important parameter in land surface and atmosphere studies. A set of synchronously observed "ground-truth" temperature as training data is required for some empirical/semiempirical statistical and neural network methods for retrieving <italic>Ts</italic> from passive microwave (PMW) remote sensing data. To provide information for the choice of the most suitable dataset in <italic>Ts </italic> retrieval of PMW remote sensing, the spatiotemporal comparison between the moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer <italic>Ts</italic> (MODIS <italic>Ts</italic>), the meteorologically observed <italic>Ts</italic> ( <italic>in situ Ts</italic>), the meteorologically observed near-surface air temperature (<italic>in situ Ta</italic>), and European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecast reanalysis products, the ERA-Interim <italic>Ts</italic> (ERA <italic>Ts</italic>), in South China for each season's daytime and nighttime is conducted in this paper. Results show that a large discrepancy between the MODIS <italic>Ts</italic> and the <italic>in situ Ts</italic> exists, whereas the discrepancies between the MODIS <italic>Ts</italic>, the <italic>in situ Ta</italic> and the ERA <italic> Ts</italic> are relatively smaller in daytime. For nighttime period, the differences between each dataset are relatively much smaller. Because the MODIS <italic>Ts</italic> is representative at the satellite pixel scale, it has a smaller spatial-scale mismatch with PMW data compared to <italic>in situ</italic> meteorological observation. The MODIS <italic>Ts</italic> is suitable for both the daytime and the nighttime PMW <italic>Ts</italic> model calibration if it is synchronously observed under almost clear-sky condition. By contrast, for the PMW <italic>Ts</italic> model calibration within the daytime period, the synchronously obtained <italic>in situ Ts</italic> is not suitable to be used as training data. If the ground temperature of daytime period derived from PMW is required, but the MODIS <italic> Ts</italic> is unavailable, the <italic>in situ Ta</italic> should be selected as the "ground truth" for the model calibration. However, it should be noticed that the inversion results are the near-surface air temperature rather than the <italic>Ts</italic>. Remarkably, reanalysis products such as the ERA <italic>Ts</italic> presents an alternative choice for both the daytime and the nighttime <italic>Ts</italic> model calibration if there are no MODIS <italic>Ts</italic> products or <italic>in situ</italic> temperature available. After the comparison, an example of PMW <italic>Ts</italic> retrieval for nighttime period was given, showing a promising performance on deriving an applicable PMW <italic>Ts</italic> inversion model based on the selection of an appropriate training dataset.


We present a formal deenition of the dynamic semantics of arrays in the functional language Sisal 2.0. We adopt a logical setting: the structural operational style of Natural Semantics, using the Typol inference rules within the Centaur system, a generic programming environment. From the formal speciications, a development and visualization environment for Sisal programming is generated. This semantic deenition should allow for a precise comparison of array facilities in similar languages. Moreover, this work is the basis for a formal description of program transformations (e.g. parallelizations) which are crucial in the compilation techniques of functional languages such as Sisal.


In the context of simple "purely monetary" models (that is, with constant output and no changes in inventories) the issue of the immediate determination of the inflation rate is still unresolved. Starting with the pioneering paper by Cagan [3], three basic specifications have been proposed and widely used in both theoretical and empirical works. In Cagan's model, the actual stock of real cash balances (m) is identically equal to the desired sotck (md), where md depends on E(t), the expected rate of inflation. That is


Accurate traffic forecasting is essential for intelligent transportation frameworks. Course arranging, vehicle dispatch, and facilitating gridlock may all profit from precise traffic anticipating. This challenge is difficult due to the complex and dynamic spatiotemporal relationships that exist between various segments of the road network. This topic has recently received a lot of research attention, particularly the deep learning method, which has significantly improved traffic forecasting abilities. This work expects to introduce a far reaching assessment of traffic prediction strategies in view of deep gaining according to different points of view. To get things started, we'll summarize and classify the current methods for traffic forecasting. Second, we discuss the most recent approaches utilized in various applications for traffic prediction. Thirdly, to help different specialists, we gather and organize generally utilized public datasets from the ongoing writing. In addition, we conduct extensive investigations to evaluate the display of various methodologies on a genuine public dataset in order to provide an evaluation and examination. In conclusion, we examine irritating issues in this area.


13 Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among men in US. Prostate specific antigen (PSA) the clinical standard for early detection of PCa is not specific for the disease necessitating development of additional markers. Metabolites are stable, measurable in biological fluids and function as physiological indicators of the individual. Earlier we described the metabolomic alteration in PCa and nominated sarcosine as a tissue marker for PCa progression. Further, elevated sarcosine levels were seen in cancer urine. The current study describes a multiplex panel of metabolomic markers in urine that include sarcosine, for early detection of PCa.

METHODS
A sensitive liquid chromatography- mass spectrometry based assay was used to quantify relative levels of tissue specific metabolites in urine of PCa patients. The urine specimens examined in this study were collected at University of Michigan from post DRE and pre-biopsy from clinically challenging patients with PSA between 4-10 ng/mL where biopsy was either positive or negative for tumor. The urine supernatants were recovered post-centrifugation, adjusted to have an osmolarity between 350-400 mOsm/kg, spiked with defined amount of internal standards and evaluated by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The MRM data was examined using random-forest (RF)-to generate a panel of discriminatory compounds that were validated in an independent test set.

RESULTS
A panel of 11 metabolites (glutamic acid, sarcosine, spermidine, histidine, methionine, adenosine, inosine, thymine, hydroxyphenyl lactic acid, acetyl valine and lauric acid) when employed in a RF-based 2-stage training model (n=63) delineated PCa and benign with a cross-validated (out-of-bag validation based on 20000 decision trees) accuracy of 76 %. When applied to an independent set of test samples (n=98) from the same cohort the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive values were 72 %, 77.5 %, 62.5 %, 67.8 % and 73.2 % respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
The study describes a first-generation multiplex panel of metabolic markers for early detection of PCa in urine supernatants. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


The performance of traditional hydraulic robots is often limited by their hoses across moving joints or connecting hydraulic drive units, which would reduce their mobility and impede their ability to operate in complex environment. In response to this deficiency, this paper introduces the WLR-II (the second generation of wheel-legged robot), a novel hydraulic wheel-legged robot developed by using hose-less design approach which is focused on improving the reliability of the hydraulic system and perfecting the appearance of the robot. As its notable features, seven Hydraulic Hose-less Joints (HHJ) that include a pair of high and also low pressure oil pipes based on rotary seal, Cylinder-Valve-Skeleton (CVS) integration thighs and arms which are produced by subtractive manufacturing as well as oscillating cylinders driven by gear rack transmission are included. In addition to a description of its design, experimental characterizations of rough pavement adaptability and payload capability together with the achievement of the reliability of hydraulic system are also demonstrated. As a result, we confirmed effectiveness of the hose-less design by moving on the rugged ground, climbing slope, squatting with load, dragging and picking up a heavy load. To the authors' best knowledge, this is the first time that the design of a hose-less hydraulic wheel-legged robot has been presented.


It has been more than 400 hundred that the mount of Sinabung stay calmed, therefore people has built settlement at its slope.  But at 2010, the mount began to erupt and consequently, more than 10.000 ha husbandry damage and more than 28.000 people should be evacuated. Until now, it has been 7 years eruption and no one knows when it stops. When disaster happens, the victims are people around the disaster. Who hoped to be helper at the time after disaster just happened? Can we hope aid helper from outside district? Humanity aid for disaster victim are usually come late or wrong targeted. Based on experience, the fastest aid come from adjacent community so, the first helper to be hoped is from adjacent community or from the victim themselves. This research tries to find the level of incapacitation of victim of Mt. Sinabung disaster to face the disaster in every process of disaster management. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. The data got from interview and focus discussion group (FGD). Interview did to get what the community did at every phase of management. Variables of this research are: action of community at every phase of management: prevention, mitigation, preparedness, early warning, response, relief, recovery, rehabilitation, and reconstruction and allocate their action to 8 classes of form incapacitation. This study found that rank of incapacitation of villagers at every phase of disaster management is very low, in common. At early warning system, villagers get used to search and get information fast to know how to react by cellular phone, by radio or by seeing the mountain. Better incapacitation is at Pintu Besi villagers where they have 11 Handie Talkie to spread the information or warning fast.


Background: Percent mammographic density (PMD) is a risk factor for breast cancer. Our previous twin study showed that the heritability of PMD was 63%. This study determined the heritabilities of the components of PMD, the areas of dense and nondense tissue in the mammogram. Methods: We combined two twin studies comprising 571 monozygous and 380 dizygous twin pairs recruited from Australia and North America. Dense and nondense areas were measured using a computer-assisted method, and information about potential determinants was obtained by questionnaire. Under the assumptions of the classic twin model, we estimated the heritability of the log dense area and log nondense area and the genetic and environmental contributions to the covariance between the two traits, using maximum likelihood theory and the statistical package FISHER. Results: After adjusting for measured determinants, for each of the log dense area and the log nondense area, the monozygous correlations were greater than the dizygous correlations. Heritability was estimated to be 65% (95% confidence interval, 60-70%) for dense area and 66% (95% confidence interval, 61-71%) for nondense area. The correlations (SE) between the two adjusted traits were −0.35 (0.023) in the same individual, −0.26 (0.026) across monozygous pairs, and −0.14 (0.034) across dizygous pairs. Conclusion: Genetic factors may play a large role in explaining variation in the mammographic areas of both dense and nondense tissue. About two thirds of the negative correlation between dense and nondense area is explained by the same genetic factors influencing both traits, but in opposite directions. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2006;15(4):612–7)


Preface Nomenclature 1. Dynamics of Regenerative Heat Transfer: An Introducation 2. The Storage of Heat in a Packing: The Single Blow Problem 3. The Single Blow Problem: Effect of Solid Finite Conductivity 4. Basic Concepts of Counterflow Thermal Regenerators 5. Introduction to Methods for Solving the Equations Which Model Counterflow Regenerators 6. Counterflow Regenerators 7. tbc. 8. Non-linear Models of Counterflow Regenerators 9. Transient Response of Counterflow Regenerators 10. Parallel Flow Regenerators Index


Despite the lack of legislative competence, the European Union (EU) is increasingly involved in higher education (HE) in Europe. Even though not direct and explicit, for example through various financial instruments, influence is exercised, and it is plausible to expect that the ideational diffusion from the EU towards its member states might lead to certain degree of normative convergence along the lines of the EU vision. But what is the higher educational vision that the EU stands for? What are the key messages and policy measures that it advocates for?
In order to characterize the HE model promoted by the EU, this paper adopts 10 indicators that are inspired by the concepts de-commodification and stratification used by Esping-Andersen (1990) to distinguish a liberal, a conservative and a social-democratic welfare state model in Europe. These ten `higher education variables´ constitute the framework for qualitative content analysis of 68 official policy documents of the Commission, the European Parliament and the European Council.
The analysis reveals that overall the EU displays the rhetoric of a liberal welfare model. However, social-democratic values are still very much present in EU discourse when it comes to the financing of HE, and hereby the 'European Social Model' is still quite visible despite the gen-eral neo-liberal turn and climate of budgetary austerity. Yet, the EU advocates for an increased individual share in the costs for higher education. Moreover, a key ambition for the EU is open-ing higher education for private businesses and making it more responsive to the needs of the economy, especially in the fields of tracks and curricula. This goal, however, is not coupled with a concern about nor a vision how to counteract the threat to academic autonomy. Especially this last finding charts clearly the predominance of (neo-)liberal ideas and respectively the neo-liberal character of the EU policy discourse in the field of higher education.


Inspired by the synthetic and biological potential of organotellurium substances, we describe here the synthesis and characterization of a series of five- and six-membered ring organotelluranes containing a Te-O bond. Theoretical calculations elucidated the mechanism for the oxidation-cyclization processes involved in the formation of the heterocycles, consistent with chlorine transfer to hydroxy telluride, followed by cyclization step with simultaneous formation of the new Te-O bond and the OH group deprotonation. Moreover, theoretical calculations also indicated anti -diastereoisomers as major products for two-chirality center-containing compounds. Antileishmanial assays against Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes disclosed 1,2λ 4 -oxatellurane LQ50 (IC 50 = 4.1±1.0; SI = 12), 1,2λ 4 -oxatellurolane LQ04 (IC 50 = 7.0±1.3; SI = 7) and 1,2λ 4 -benzoxatellurole LQ56 (IC 50 = 5.7±0.3; SI = 6) as more powerful and more selective compounds, up to four times more active than the reference. Stability study supported by 125 Te NMR analyses showed that these heterocycles do not suffer structural modifications in aqueous-organic media and up to 65 °C.


Tony WATErS, a sociologist at California State University, Chico, has raised an interesting issue about the intellectual conflict some of his students experienced when they arrived on campus and enrolled in American history classes. He reported students were perplexed to find there were two kinds of American history—the version they learned in middle/high school and a differing collegiate point of view.1 Freshmen believed that their college instruction clashed with the history they were taught in the earlier grades. Waters attempted to analyze this dilemma by employing a paradigm from sociology and divided history teaching into the sacred and the profane.2 Specifically, he borrowed from the work of Emile Durkheim, who used this division to explain the tension in many aspects of society as individuals grappled with the ideal of what they believed should be, and contrasted it against the reality of what actually occurred in daily life. Durkheim proposed there was a dualistic nature in human endeavors and Waters adapted this interpretation to explain the two views of history.3 Students said their pre-college history courses provided an approach to America's past that emphasized "a triumphal, grand-sweep perspective."4 This view represented a "glass half-full" view of American history. Many freshmen, however, began to realize that this treatment was incomplete and that they did not learn "real" history until they got to college. The result of


The commercial multi-mode optical fiber was coated with magnetic composite material prepared using Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet powder dispersed in poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)-EVA. Characterization of microstructure, thermal stability and mechanical properties of the composite coatings with different Nd-Fe-B powder content were performed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and standard tensile tester, respectively. Experimental results show that composites with higher content of Nd-Fe-B powder have improved thermal and mechanical properties. Propagation characteristics of the constructed optical fiber magnetic sensing element (OFMSE) in the external magnetic field were investigated in relation to quality and composition of the applied composite coatings. The attenuation of optical signal with applied external magnetic field intensity was monitored and the results suggest that the sample with 50 wt-% of Nd-Fe-B provides the greatest sensitivity of the sensor element.


True Random Number Generator (TRNG) is used in many applications, generally for generating random cryptography keys. In this way, the trust of the cryptography system depends on the quality of the random numbers generated. However, the entropy fluctuations produced by external perturbations generate some false positives in the random sequence. These false positives can generate a disastrous scenario, depending on the application. This work presents the results of different tests to demonstrate the robustness and health of the TRNG based on frequency collapse. The TRNG passed all entropy tests provided for NIST SP800-90B and AIS31. The entropy test denotes a 0.9789 minimum normalized entropy and 7.998 Shannon entropy. In addition, the TRNG passes the health tests provided for NIST SP800-90B. The health test shows a number of identical values <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{v}=0\%$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$I_{v-1} < 0.004\%$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and a maximum cutoff value <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$MC_{v}=10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$LMC_{v}=13$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in the repetition count and adaptive proportion tests, respectively. The implementation passed all the statistical tests provided for NIST SP800-22 and AIS20. Besides, the implementation passes the different tests with Process, Voltage, and Temperature (PVT) variations. The TRNG is implemented in a <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.18~\mu m$ </tex-math></inline-formula> General Purpose (GP) CMOS technology, occupying <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$25600~\mu m^{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> with four entropy sources. Finally, the implementation presents a 7.3 until 9.2-Mb/s of bit rate, 0.56 until 1.88-mW of power consumption, and 77.2 until 204.3-pJ/bit of energy per bit using an entropy source with 16 and 2 delay stages, respectively.


Resistivity method has been successfully used to estimate the area of iron ore in Tanjung Bintang, South Lampung. The measurement was carried out on 6 sounding area using Schlumberger array with 125 m distance of point measurement. Data were analyzed by principle of curve master. The result of analysis showed that the upper layer of ore iron was 9 m from the surface and spanned to its bottom layer's for about 85 m in depth. Keywords: resistivity method, Schlumberger array, iron ore.


In this paper, I proposed 10bits 40MS/s Pipelined A/D converter. The op-amps for SHA and MDAC designed folded-cascode amplifier with gain-booster. And the MOS transistors with a low threshold voltage are employed to low on-resistor and parasitic capacitance. The power dissipation is 119㎽ at 1.2V and 40MS/s


Animal productivity in the more northerly part of the Northern Territory west of the Daly River is relatively low. The region consists of low fertility lateritic ridges, gravel or mainly sandy uplands and black soil plains that flood to depths of 1 to 3 m during the Wet season. Cattle are run on the higher country during that time. When the fresh water swampy floodplains bordering rivers such as the Moyle dry out sufficiently about July, cattle are collected (mustered) into central yards, necessary husbandry is done and the stock are given access to the grassy floodplains until the early Wet season in November. Productivity is thus higher during the Dry season than the Wet.


Intracerebral hemorrhage has high incidence and poor prognosis. The study of the primary and secondary pathological changes and the investigation of the changes of regional cerebral blood flow, brain edema, apoptosis and the changes of biochemical parameters are very important in working out the treatment protocol and predicting prognosis.

Key words:
intracerebral hemorrhage; regional cerebral blood flow; brain edema; apoptosis


The study investigated in isolation of 26 fungal isolates belonging to 6 different genera viz., Penicillium sp., Aspergillus sp., Fusarium sp.,Alternaria sp., Rhizopus sp. and Phoma sp. Were screened for exopolysaccharide production. Glucose in culture media was studied to select the medium that gives a maximum production of exopolysaccharide by Penicillium sp., Exopolysaccharide was isolated by ethanol precipitation. The medium which contains glucose had been selected to get the heights production of exopolysaccharide. Fermentation conditions were further investigated to optimize exopolysaccharide production by Penicillium sp., The optimum substitution ratio, temperatures, pH and incubation periods for the maximum production of the polysaccharide were 100% , 30  ̊C , pH 5 and 9 days respectively. Characteristic of exopolysaccharide compounds were observed in the FTIR spectrum. Thin layer chromatography of the hydrolyzed polysaccharide showed that the exopolysaccharide production was heteropolysaccharide consists of galactose, glucose and mannose. Current research in nutrition and Food Science Journal Website:www.foodandnutritionjournal.org ISSN: 2347-467X, Vol. 5, No. (3) 2017, Pg. 338-346 COnTACT Alaa Jabbar Abd Al-Manhel email@example.com Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah, Basrah City, Iraq. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Enviro Research Publishers This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ ), which permits unrestricted NonCommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/CRNFSJ.5.3.19 Article history Received: 23 August 2017 Accepted: 16 October 2017


The article considers the results of a socio-psychological research on the perceptions of Russian entrepreneurs about their own business partners.


The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of compensations of maladaptive schemas in the occurrence of risky behaviors among university students. The sample consisted of 188 university students, 38 of which are male and 150 of which are female, who continue their education in various departments of education faculty of one public university in middle region of Turkey. Risky Behaviors ScaleUniversity Form was used to measure risky behaviors and Young Compensation Inventory was used to measure schema compensations. Linear regression analysis results showed that intolerance to criticism and rebellion schema compensations explained %33 of total risk variance among male students; intolerance to criticism, rebellion and control schema compensations explained %29 of total risk variance among female students; rebellion, intolerance to criticism, control and egocentrism schema compensations explained %33 of total risk variance among whole sample. The schema compensations predicting risky behaviors were discussed to gender and schema literature.


Four flavonol glycosides, the 3-0-rhamnosides and 3-0-rhamnosyl- glucosides of kaempferol and quercetin, were isolated and identified from leaf ma- terial of four taxa in the Cnidoscolus tubulosus complex (Euphorbiaceae). Cnidoscolus rostratus subsp. rostratus and C. tehuacanensis each contain. all four compounds, C. tubulosus only the two rhamnosylglucosides, and C. liebmannii only the two kaemp- ferol glycosides. Flavonol glycoside patterns are highly constant within these taxa and may be of taxonomic and ecological significance. Cnidoscolus rostratus subsp. glabratus contains quercetin-3-O-rhamnosylglucoside (probably rutin) and perhaps trace amounts of the other flavonol glycosides as well. Cnidoscolus Pohl (Euphorbiaceae) is a Neotropical genus that contains about 50 species. Originally included in Jatropha, it has since been rec- ognized as a distinct genus, characterized by its single perianth whorl, stinging hairs, and petiolar glands. Miller and Webster (1962) demon- strated its affinity to Manihot, and Webster (1975) placed Cnidoscolus and Manihot in Crotonoideae, Manihoteae. The genus and its infrageneric classification have been treated by McVaugh (1944) and, with particular reference to Mexico, by McVaugh (1943) and Lundell (1945). The Mex- ican and Central American species of Cnidoscolus sect. Calyptrosolen (Muell. Arg.) Pax & Hoffmann, the largest section, have been studied in detail by Breckon (1975). Several species complexes are recognized with- in this section. The C. tubulosus complex (Breckon 1979b) comprises four species: C. tubulosus (Muell. Arg.) I. M. Johnst., C. liebmannii (Muell. Arg.) Lundell, C. tehuacanensis Breckon, and C. rostratus Lundell, the last of which contains three subspecies. The purpose of this paper is to report on the flavonol glycosides of the Cnidoscolus tubulosus complex and to discuss the taxonomic and ecological significance of the flavonoid data. Taxonomy, geography, and ecology of the C. tubulosus complex have been discussed thoroughly by Breckon (1979b). A few findings that are pertinent to this study will be summarized here. The members of this complex are characterized by a syndrome of characters that, in combi- nation, distinguish them from other species in the section. All the taxa are found in open, disturbed habitats or in thorn scrub, on a variety of soil types. All six taxa are confined to Mexico except for C. tubulosus, which extends southward as far as Honduras (fig. 1). All are allopatric, except for a small area of overlap between C. rostratus subsp. rostratus and C. tehuacanensis. The range of the latter species also approaches that of C. tubulosus, but the two species have not been observed growing


Design objectives for an integrated pulse power supply data acquisition and control system are discussed. How well these objectives have been satisfied, based on operational experience with the Balcones 60 MJ pulse power supply, is described. Design flexibility and required modifications to the integrated system are discussed. Specific instrumentation techniques, sequential control logic, safety logic diversity and redundancy, and subsystem interface techniques are described, with emphasis on easing the complexity of integrated system operations and data collection. >


Introduction of various organic and inorganic modifiers to bitumen has been commonly practiced mainly to upgrade the bitumen performance and its sustainable properties; polyphosphoric acid (PPA) an...


Correction for 'Highly selective acid-catalyzed olefin isomerization of limonene to terpinolene by kinetic suppression of overreactions in a confined space of porous metal–macrocycle frameworks' by Wei He et al., Chem. Sci., 2022, 13, 8752–8758, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2sc01561g.


Demands upon tidal areas1 (for navigation, fishing, raw materials, recreation, aesthetics) vary directly with increases in population, commerce, and navigation. As with any other inherently limited resource, when demands increase, it becomes more important to insure both its widest possible and most efficient utilization.' When demand is low, as for example in a thinly populated region with little commerce, private ownership provides an adequate method of regulation at the lowest possible cost. On the other hand, when conditions become more crowded and competitive, organization by private property, with its right to exclusive use, is likely to conflict with the goal of ensuring the resource's widest possible use. Moreover, to the extent that the right to use tideland resources is allocated purely by the "invisible hand" of the market, unfair and inefficient resource allocation will result from insufficient consideration of externalties and interests not measured by the market's exclusively economic criteria.0 Given the number and importance of the conflicting interests in tidal areas, and given the imperfections of the private market and earlier regulatory systems, it is hardly surprising that a law of the foreshore proved necessary, or that this law is ancient and complex. The law has had to hold the balance between the many combinations of conflicting interests, especially when interests that would not otherwise be adequately recognized or protected have been involved.4


The objectives of this research was identified the set of principles, criteria, indicators, and verifier for wellness tourism supply chain management assessment framework for Thai spa business entrepreneur using the in-depth interview. The sample was nine stakeholders in 3 groups (upstream group, midstream group, downstream group) of wellness tourism supply chain. The sample was selected by purposive sampling. A semi-structured in-depth interview was used to collect data. The research result was found that the wellness tourism supply chain management assessment framework for Thai spa business entrepreneur has four principles namely 1) Internal integrated management principle, 2) Management to expand market and customer,3) Stakeholder management principle, and 4) Financial and economic management principle, Including, the twelve criteria, thirty-six indicators, and one hundred and thirty-five verifiers.


Voltage scaling is one of the most effective techniques for power reduction in digital VLSI design, however various challenges arise when operating standard SRAM circuits at low voltages. These include loss of static noise margins, extreme fluctuations in device currents under process variations and limitations on the number of cells connected to a single bitline. In this paper, we describe the challenges that arise while operating standard SRAM cells at low supply voltages and review several novel bitcells that have been presented in recent years to deal with these challenges.


Computer vision and deep learning are intrinsic applications in the machine learning field that become smarter day by day. The significant challenge in deep learning tasks converges on extracting the deepest and the most semantic features of the image. So, the promotion of deep learning techniques has enormous leverage in the retrieval of deep image ranking. This research has tackled an essential task of relevant deep image ranking based on learning from the RetinaNet superior detection technique. RetinaNet learning technique is employed to learn deep semantic features embeddings from the imaging dataset. Transfer of learning is a powerful scheme that proposes hyper-parameterization of the RetinaNet network for relevant image ranking. It transfers RetinaNet detector learning (weights) for deep relevant image ranking systems. Thus, we achieved the best accuracy. Our experimental results manifest that our deep learning procedure enhances the retrieval results efficiently and accurately and focuses on inhibiting the learning time of a deep relevant ranking task. As compared with other state-of-the-art object detectors, the RetinaNet detector accomplished more than a 97% mean average precision (MAP). This results in outperformed tested work. These superior results pretend the effective impact of our proposed procedure learning that drives the more efficient and relevant result of the deep ranking task.


Northeast Asian Countries of Korea, China, Japan has not experienced massive migrant crisis before and also not been noticed from migrant issue debating. But the informatization and globalization slowly but gradually drives Northeastern Countries into migrant issues. These countries are coping with various types of migrants, e.g. North Korean Defectors and marriage immigrants. And Korea experienced Syria-Yemen migrant crisis at 2018 which is detonated from European refugee crisis, and that induces forecasting of various forms of migrant issues would be unfold at onshore Northeastern Asian Countries. The characteristics of these kinds of migrant crisis are its large size and unpredictable time line. Current AI cognitive computing technology could be applied to analyze the nature of migrant crisis and to support effective policy making that corresponds migrant crisis. [Keywords] Migrant Crisis, Northeastern Countries, Artificial Intelligence(AI), Cognitive Computing, Migrant Policy 1. Global Issues but Local Experiences: Northeastern Countries' Experience of Migrant Crisis The modern type of migrant crisis are outbreak after the end of World War II. Refugees from all over troubled parts of the world are trying to percolate into European countries, the place where economically prosperous and public safety secured. But during the cold war and its consequences make reinforced ground & maritime border control and the number of refugees were not much at then. During the European countries' "Cold War" era of 1970s to 1980s, Asian countries are facing "Hot War" and another type of migrant crisis. After the end of Vietnam War at 1975 and some people tried to escape from communized Indochina Peninsula via sea route. These people are called Vietnamese Boat People. Lots of Boat People who successfully flee from his or her country resettled in developed countries, such as United States, Canada, Australia, Italy, France, West Germany, and United Kingdom. But Northeastern countries and Hong Kong also give humanitarian aid and accepted wholeheartedly some considerable number of Vietnamese Boat People. From April 1975 when the Capital city of Saigon was fallen to 1992, Republic of Korea accepted about 3,000 into transit camp as a shelter and about 600 are resettled. China accepted about 260,000 and most of them as 250,000 resettled. Hong Kong accepted over 200,000 and among them about 1,500 settled. Japan accepted about 18,000 and 8,600 resettled[1]. There are major international convention which deals with migrant issues such as Schengen AgreePublication state: Japan ISSN: 2435-3345 Publisher: J-INSTITUTE Website: http://www.j-institute.jp Corresponding author E-mail: email@example.com Peer reviewer E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com http://dx.doi.org/10.22471/ai.2020.5. 1.01 c 2020 J-INSTITUTE AI-Based Migrant Crisis Management Kim Hyun-soo Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea Park Gyun-yeol Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea


studies in finding correlations between genetic lesions and prognostic biomark-ers and, more importantly, in finding functionally critical drivers of leukemogenesis. 5-7 In this issue of Blood, Harvey and co-workers now confirm that children with B-precursor ALL, who have been classified as high risk on the basis of the simple clinical National Cancer Institute criteria age and high white blood cells at the time of diagnosis, can be subdivided into subgroups by a combination of mRNA expression analyses and assessment of genomic DNA copy number aberrations. 8 Two of these subgroups coincided with known cytogenetically defined risk groups. Two other subgroups were remarkable in that they identified patients with an excellent prognosis of 4-year event-free survival (EFS) of Ͼ 90% or a particularly bad prognosis of 4-year EFS of ϳ 30%. The favorable subgroup was defined by the high expression of 5 outlier genes and ERG deletions. The unfavorable group was characterized by (1) high expression of 4 genes and (2) DNA deletions, rearrangements, and mutations of another 6 gene loci including CRLF, RAG, JAK2, and IKZF1 (thus confirming the prognostic significance of these genes and a BCR-ABL–like expression signature in pediatric ALL 5,6,9-12 and also confirming the power of combined mRNA expression and DNA analyses in determining individual risk profiles). Although the definition of the subgroups represents a remarkable success, critical questions remain. The first relates to the influence of therapy on the risk profile. This is well illustrated by the case of pediatric TALL , where the favorable impact of activating NOTCH1 mutations depends on the subtleties of the different treatment protocols. 13-15 While the role of CRLF has been documented in both Childhood Oncology Group 8,10 and Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster protocols, 11 the general role of the other changes in different treatment protocols still requires testing. A second issue relates to the small size of the subgroups of a disease that is already rare. Tailoring and testing treatment concepts in the context of such a personalized medicinal approach will require studies that are designed on a wide international scale: this will challenge the different cultures that underlie medicine in general, and the organization of clinical studies including different regulatory agencies in particular. Finally, while it is helpful to define very-high-risk groups in pediatric ALL, identifying drugable driver pathways of high-risk ALL and developing logical new treatments for this most difficult group of patients will be essential. In this issue, Harvey …


In this article, we explore the possibilities for the self-regulation of online platforms, here by using Facebook's Oversight Board (OB) as an example. First, we analyse and systematize how the OB fits in the mosaic of internet regulation. Our analysis shows that the OB has tried to lay the foundation for global self-regulation


In this commentary, Allen Lynch examines the process of dissent and repression in the Soviet Union from the point of view of American foreign policy. He argues that American human rights policy is doomed to failure as long as it continues to emphasize support for the politically insignificant Soviet dissident intelligentsia. In order to achieve true progress in alleviating Soviet repression, the author argues, the United States must work through organizations considered legitimate by the Soviet government. He concludes that the best way to do this is through a policy of ddtente.


The development status and existing problems of the joint locking mechanism of minimally invasive surgery robot guided by computerized tomography(CT) are analyzed.The principle of robot joint friction torque and the in?uence factors on friction torque are discussed.According to the deficiencies existed in the locking structure of current medical robot,three locking structures of minimally invasive surgery robot with CT navigation are presented based on joint friction theory,and their working principles and realization forms are expatiated respectively.Experiments are made on different structures to compare their performance,and the locking structure of robot joint with exterior friction ring is determined.It is validated that robot system with the presented structure can meet the requirements of clinical operation for minimally invasive surgery with CT navigation.


The study was conducted to at the rabbitry unit of the National Animal Production Research Institute/Ahmadu Bello University, Shika-Zaria to evaluate the performance of growing rabbit bucks and does fed diets supplemented with brewers dried grain (BDG). Forty rabbits growing rabbits aged between 6 to 7 weeks of age, with initial average weight of 0.75Kg were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments (0%, 20%, 30% and 40% BDG) in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five rabbits in each treatment. The experimental diet and clean drinking water were supplied ad libtum during the experiment, which lasted for a period of 8 weeks. The following growth parameters were measured included, daily feed intake and weight changes, initial weight, final weight, total weight gain, average daily gain and feed conversion ratio. Data generated was subjected to statistical analysis of SAS. In growing rabbit bucks, initial weight, average daily feed intake, final weight and average daily gain showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Feed conversion ratio was significantly differences (P < 0.05) with the control having the best feed efficiency while 20% level of inclusion had the least value. For the does, there were no significant differences (P>0.05) in initial weight and average daily feed intake. There were significant differences (P<0.05) in final weight, average daily gain and feed conversion ratio. Final weight and average daily gain had a similar pattern with the control (0%) and treatment 2 recording the highest and lowest values respectively. Feed conversion ratio had different pattern as treatments 2 (20%), 3 (30%) and 4 (40%) were significantly higher than the control. It can be concluded that, inclusion of BDG in the diet of growing rabbits have no effect on growth performance but if efficiently utilized.


Many common vision problems, such as myopia and astigmatism, are caused by aberrations introduced by the eye and are easy to correct with eyeglass lenses. Other aberrations are harder to deal with, both in improving a person's vision and in examining the eye. Technology derived from adaptive optics (AO) research for astronomy is being adapted to measure aberrations in the eye. AO promises to revolutionize vision science by allowing physicians to measure the optical imperfections of the living eye with unprecedented thoroughness and accuracy. With this technology, physicians will be able to diagnose tiny retinal defects before they become a threat to healthy vision. In this technology, light leaving an eye is focused onto a deformable mirror the key feature of adaptive optics - and corrected for any aberration, thereby producing the highest quality images of/on the retina ever seen. This paper deals with the design of a MEMS based AO system for vision correction. In particular, this paper presents the design of a deformable mirror using a fixed-fixed micro-cantilever for actuation. The structural design follows an approach that reduces process complexity. The feasibility of the approach is shown in simulations


The law of June 26, 1990 (protection measure of the mental patients) has replaced the old law of collocation of 1850 (review in 1873). Conceived in the line of the principles of the European Convention of the Humans right, it constitutes an important reform of the involuntary treatment of the mental patients and recalls, without any doubt, that the patient is prone of right. The article describes the scope of application of


Quarry workers are exposed to dust and gases that can cause respiratory and cardiovascular problems. This study was a clinical study carried out at Ivo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria to assess the blood pressure and forced vital capacity of workers at quarry sites. An electronic sphygmomanometer and a spirometer were used to measure the blood pressure and forced vital capacity respectively. Data was uploaded into the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21, and descriptive statistics was used for analysis of data.A total of 123 workers participated in this study. Results showed that 3 (2.44%) subjects had a systolic pressure between 81 – 100 mmHg; for systolic pressure of 101 – 120, 39 (31.71%); for 121 – 140, 63 (51.21%); 9 (7.32%) subjects had a systolic pressure of 141 -160 and 161 – 180. Six (4.88%) subjects had a diastolic pressure between 41 – 60 mmHg; for a diastolic pressure of 61 – 80, 84 (68.29%); for 81 – 100, 30 (24.39%); for 101-120, 3 (2.43%). The mean systolic blood pressure value was 107 ± 15.02 mmHg. The mean diastolic blood pressure value was 76.22 ± 10.79.Twenty-one (17.07%) subjects had a Forced Vital Capacity between 1001 – 2000 ml; for a forced vital capacity of 2001 – 3000 ml, 69 (56.10%); for 3001 – 4000, 30 (24.39%); for 4001-5000, 3 (2.44%). The mean forced vital capacity of the workers was 1167 ± 726.93. Some of the workers were found to have a high blood pressure and forced vital capacity. Workers at quarry sites were advised to always wear their nose and face masks to prevent inhalation of air pollutants resulting from quarry activities.


Despite aerosol inhalation therapy plays a key role in the treatment of bronchial diseases, the devices for the treatment are not necessarily satisfactory. The present study was designed for the comparative functional assessment of our newly developed device with one of marketed devices, Spinhaler.In order to evaluate them precisely and objectively, we assembled new two detection systems. One was for the detection of spouting amount, and another for pressure drop, or airway resistance. With regard to distribution of powder, we followed FDA requirement, using cascade impactor. Thus, we assessed these two devices from view points of these three functions, i. e. distribution, spouting and pressure drop, or airway resistance.As the study results, the spouting and distribution functions of Spinhaler were found poor. The spouting amount of Spinhaler was unstable and varied from 0 % to 100 %, mostly 30 to 50 %. Sometimes its needle did not puncture the capsule at all. Spinhaler took one second at the fastest but usually took more than ten seconds to complete its spouting.On the contrary, Jethaler spouted out always more than 90 % of the powder and completed spouting within 0.1 second. Collection of the most appropriate particle size for inhalation to bronchi, from 1.1 up to 7 micro meter, with Jethaler was larger by 30 to 50 % than that with Spinhaler. The application of unique control mechanism of air stream enabled us to develop this device for dry powder inhalation. This new device weighs only 30 grams and is handy.


A simple, rapid, precise, and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed for simultaneous estimation of Clobetasol propionate and Fusidic acid in cream. The separation was obtained using a mobile phase consisting of Acetonitrile and Water in the ratio of 90:10 and adjusting pH 5.0 with Glacial acetic acid (10%) using Shim-pack solar C18 (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) column. The flow rate of 1.0 mL/min and UV detection at 240 nm was employed. The retention time for Clobetasol propionate and Fusidic acid was 4.787 min and 6.006 min respectively. Linearity for Clobetasol propionate and Fusidic acid was found to be in the range of 3-7 µg/mL and 120-280 µg/mL, respectively. The method was validated as per the ICH guidelines and the results were within the acceptance criteria for precision, linearity, specificity, and robustness.


Changes in climate, which we may consider long-term weather trends, can influence known diseases or create new disease problems. Examples have been given (1) of how weather influences many tree diseases including blister rust, fusiform rust, Phytophthora root rot, Dutch elm disease, black root rot in southern nurseries, pole blight of western white pine, sweetgum blight, ozone damage, and others. In general we might consider that our field crops and other annual or short-lived vegetation reflect weather changes; whereas trees, soil flora, and other perennial flora will reflect, in addition, climate changes. The main climatic factors that pathologists are concerned with are precipitation, tem perature, humidity, fog and dew, wind, and radiation. If a pathogen is well equipped for reproduction and means of spread, we find that weather factors are usually paramount in determining disease severity. Most of our forest diseases are caused by fungi. Weather factors wiII affect the growth of a fungus, its sporulation, its rate of spread, spore germination and infection, and the response of the host to infection. In fact, for most plant diseases a rather special concomitance of circumstances is necessary to produce an epidemic [Yarwood (2), Humphrey (3)]. Waggoner (4) expressed the nor mally small chances of infection in a curious but interesting way-"A severe outbreak is a rare removal by the weather of obstacles that ordinarily re strain the pathogen. " In order to explore how climatic change can influence tree diseases, we must look first at what pathologic processes might be influenced by changes of a given magnitude, and then review some known cases of limitations put on the development of some diseases by climatic factors. There is no intent here to review the voluminous literature on specific .effects of meteorological factors on plant diseases, since so many of these are common knowledge, and since this subject has been covered elsewhere (2, 3). I wiII, however, present evidence on the instability of our climate, and then on the basis of what we know about weather limitations governing some forest diseases, show how recent climatic changes could be influencing these diseases. I should like to avoid becoming involved with the many effects of climatic changes on such normal physiological processes as photosynthesis and respiration, and would rather hold as close as possible to climate change as it influences the impact of pathogens and such physiogenic disturbances as air pollutants and prolonged moisture stress.


One of the key features of a national SDI is a national clearinghouse for spatial data, which can be regarded as a network facilitating access to spatial data and services. In order to provide a measure of the quality and performance of a national clearinghouse, a clearinghouse suitability index was developed. This chapter presents the results from developing and application results of this index (for April 2005 and 2008). Monitoring these indices in time identifies the performance of clearinghouses which could support clearinghouse managers in developing successful strategies to implement their national clearinghouses. In this way, the application of the clearinghouse suitability index can contribute to enhancing national clearinghouses and national SDIs in many countries.


A method by which a terminal for supporting multiple radio access technologies (multi-RAT) recovers when a radio link failure has occurred can comprise the steps of: detecting a radio link failure of a first RAT while maintaining an RRC connection state with the first RAT; determining the radio link failure if a radio link of the first RAT does not recover after a predetermined first time elapses after the detection; and determining whether the radio link failure of the first RAT recovers during a predetermined second time after the determination.


Objective:To explore the effect of L-selectin,CD44andα6β1 on lymphatic metastasis in cervical carcinoma.Methods:The expression of L-selectin,CD44 and α6β1 in original carcinoma and lymphatic metastasis of 35 cases were detected by immmunohistochemistry method.Results:The positive rate of L-selectin in original carcinoma was higher than that in lymphatic metastasis(P0.05);there was no significant difference in the positive rate of CD44 between original carcinoma and lymphatic metastasis(P=1.230 5);the positive rate ofα6β1 in lymphatic metastasis was higher than that in original carcinoma(P0.01);there was positive correlation between positive rates of L-selectin,CD44 andα6β1 in original carcinoma(r=0.873 7,P0.01;r=0.795 7,P0.01),there was negative correlation between positive rates of CD44 and α6β1 in original carcinoma(r=-0.658 3,P0.01);there was no correlation between the expression of L-selectin,CD44 and α6β1 in lymphatic metastasis;there was positive correlation in the expression of L-selectin between original carcinoma and lymphatic metastasis(r=0.753 4,P0.01),there was no correlation in the expression of CD44 between original carcinoma and lymphatic metastasis,there was negative correlation in the expression of α6β1 between original carcinoma and lymphatic metastasis(r=-0.536 1,P0.01);there was positive correlation between the expression of L-selectin and tumor differentiation,lymphatic metastasis(r=0.842 0,P0.01;r=0.768 9,P0.01);there was positive correlation between the expression of CD44 and invasive depth,lymphatic metastasis(r=0.678 2,P0.01;r=0.863 4,P0.01);there was positive correlation between the expression ofα6β1 and lymphatic metastasis(r=0.654 8,P0.01).Conclusion:The expression of L-selectin,CD44 and α6β1 are related to lymphatic metastasis of cervical carcinoma,and L-selectin and CD44 play an important role in early lymphatic metastasis.


GPC and rheological measurements under shear and uniaxial flow for Poly (L-lactic acid) modified by dicumyl peroxide were carried out. The description of experimental GPC resulted that some amounts of added dicumyl peroxide caused an increase of cross-linked regions in the polymer. The viscoelastic properties of poly (L-lactic acid) modified by dicumyl peroxide under the shear flow were investigated. It was found that the rheological properties of the poly (L-lactic acid) were distinctly different from those of a neat poly (L-lactic acid) . The elastic response at low frequencies was significantly enhanced in comparison with the neat poly (L-lactic acid) . Uniaxial elongation behavior was also measured. In short time region, the elongational viscosity of Poly (Llactic acid) modified by dicumyl peroxide were three times larger than the shear viscosity. This result meant that Trouton's rule is applicable to the results. Beyond a certain critical strain, the uniaxial elongational viscosity showed rapid increase, which was referred to as strain hardening. Die-swell ratio increased with dicumyl peroxide contents. Furthermore poly (L-lactic acid) modified by dicumyl peroxide was molded by direct-blow. The thickness distribution could be homogeneous by modified peroxide.


The Administrative Council of Economic Defence (Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Economica– CADE), Brazil's antitrust authority, by unanimous decision, has authorised the merger between airline…


The aim of this project is designing and implementing control strategies for high temperature proton exchange membrane ( 1,2 ) fuel cells to be used in residential applications generating both heat and electrical power. For doing so, existing fuel cell mathematical models ( 3,4 ) need to be analysed and implemented to enable control design afterwards. Using these control strategies, certain specifications typical of combined heat and power ( 5 ) will have to be achieved, that is, control both heat and electrical power to be produced in order to feed thermal and electrical loads. Furthermore, depending on the demand the amount of heat and power released needs to adapt accordingly.


The excavation depth of the Shanghai 500 kV World Expo Underground Transmission Substation is 34 meters and the diameter of the circular diaphragm walls is 130 meters.Three calculation methods were used to analyze the deformation and inner forces of diaphragm walls.2D method of beams on elastic foundation ignored the arch effect of circular structures.It was not good for estimating the inner forces of circular diaphragm walls.The principles of 3D spring-slab approach were based on the 2D method of beams on elastic foundation.The model could reflect the space effect of circular structures.The 3D continuum FEM considered the interaction between the retaining structures and soil.The analytic results were smaller than those of the 3D spring-slab approach.According to the measured data,the actual deformation of the diaphragm walls was between the analytic results of the 3D continuum FEM and the results of the 3D spring-slab approach.Meanwhile,it was closer to the latter.It was suggested that the 3D spring-slab approach should be used to design the circular diaphragm walls.


The present study examines the evolution of employment and labour market trends in the new EU member states (NMS), the accession countries (ACs) and the countries of Southeastern Europe (SEE) over the past decade and a half. It focuses on selected labour market indicators and compares them with developments in the EU-15. The main findings of the study are presented by country groups In the NMS and the two ACs Bulgaria and Romania, job creation remains low despite high economic growth in most countries. Hence, the employment elasticity of output growth is rather low, but varying by country. In most countries employment and activity rates declined significantly over the transition period up to the early 2000s and started to increase moderately thereafter. In general, the transition period was characterized by a de industrialization and de agrarianization process, while the services sector – market services in particular – became the main employer. Some countries, however, emerged as industrial locations, with manufacturing employment resuming growth recently. The extent of this recovery differed from country to country. Overall, new job creation in services and manufacturing has compensated for job destruction in other activities at least in some of the NMS in the past few years. In most countries the growth of unemployment has come to a halt but structural features have remained unchanged or even deteriorated. Long-term unemployment has become a serious problem in all NMS and the ACs. It has reached much higher levels than in the old EU and continues to rise in the majority of countries. Youth unemployment is particularly high in the Slovak Republic and in Poland. The labour markets in Southeast Europe (SEE) differ substantially from those in the NMS due to the delayed start of the transition, large informal sector activities, traditionally high labour migration (including brain drain) and the already high level of unemployment at the outset of transition. Employment rates are generally on the decline except in Croatia and low compared to European standards. The employment structure shows a picture diverging from that in the NMS and the EU 15, with a continued emphasis on agricultural employment, absorbing workers laid off in other sectors or providing subsistence activity due to the low job creation in the formal sector. A common feature of all countries in the region is the sharp contraction of industrial employment, reflecting the slow recovery of industry after the strong contraction in the 1990s. The services sector is underdeveloped as compared with the NMS and the EU-15. But, taking into account the large informal sector that concentrates traditionally on services sector activities (together with agriculture and construction), the information obtained from official figures seems to underestimate the actual size of that sector. Unemployment in SEE started from a much higher level than in the NMS and is now ranging between 21% in Serbia and 39% in Kosovo – Croatia being the only exception, with comparatively low and declining unemployment, at about 13%. The problem of long-term unemployment is even more severe in SEE than in the other transition countries and the proportion of those who are affected is by far higher.


Four bacteriocins of L. fermenti, 3 bacteriocins of L. brevis and 1 bacteriocin of L. buchneri were studied with respect to morphology of the inhibition growth zones of the indicator strains, capacity for diffusion through cellophane, sensitivity to high temperature, bacterial proteases, trypsin, chymotrypsin, pepsin, papain, nucleases and lysozyme. According to the differences in their properties the bacteriocins were classified as belonging to 8 types, including 4 types of L. fermenti bacteriocins and 3 types of L. brevis bacteriocins.


Objective To explore the effect of hypoxia-indueible factor-1αexpression on cell cycle factors CydinE,S-phase fraction (SPF) and its clinical significance in 62 cases of primary hepatocarcino- ma.Methods The expression of was detected by using SP immunohistochemical staining and SPF was assessed by flow cytometry.Results The expression of HIF-1α,Cyclin E and SPF was correlated with tumor poor differentiation,invasive and metastasive potention and poor prognosis (x~2=6.32,3.90, 7.09;4.41,4.85,10.61.t=5.827,5.959,5.331.P<0.05 or P<0.01).There was a strong associa- tion between CyclinE expression and SPF (x~2=8.85,11.78,t=3.014,P<0.01).There was also a strong association between HIF-1αexpression and CyclinE or SPF (x~2=4.18,t=4.318,P<0.05 or P<0.01 ).Conclusion Combined detection of HIF-1α,CyelinE and SPF may be helpful to evaluate ma- lignant degrec,invasive and mentastasive potention and prognosis of hepatocareinoma.HIF-1αcould make the development of tumor by affecting G_1/S transition and elevating SPF.


Pneumopericardium is a rare disorder having traumatic and non-traumatic causes. Penetrating or blunt chest trauma and iatrogenic complications associated with surgery endoscopic procedures or positive pressure ventilation are major causes. Spontaneous pneumopericardium caused by cancer invasion is very rare. We present a 46-year-old man with buccal cancer and cavitated lung metastasis, in which pneumopericardium was found by chest X-ray. A chest CT scan showed multiple cavitary lesions of both lungs with broncho-cavity and cavity-pericardium communication which may be one of possible mechanisms of spontaneous pneumopericardium in this case.


This study aims to determine the effect of packaging type and storage time on the quality of red tuna (Yellowfin tuna) white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) meatball. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Agricultural Product Technology, Ekasakti University, Padang, Laboratory of Instrumentation and Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Andalas University. The study was conducted for 2 months, from April to May 2019, using a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 2 factors with 3 replications. The first factor is the type of packaging (without packaging, styrofoam packaging, wrap packaging), and the second factor is the storage time (0 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours). Observation data were analyzed using ANOVA with the F test followed by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the 5% real level. The results showed that the type of packaging with storage time had a very significant effect on moisture content and protein content and had no significant effect on ash content. The type of packaging and storage time for the best white oyster mushroom tuna red tetelan meatball based on water content, ash content, protein content, ALT, Salmonella sp and Organoleptic bacterial contamination is the best use of Wrap packaging with a storage time of 12 hours.


Abstract. The purpose of the study: to analyze the frequency of occurrence of self-prescribing medications among surgical patients in various gender and age groups. Materials and methods. 400 patients of the surgical profile hospital were interviewed. Four age groups were formed (18–29 years, 30–44 years, 45–59 years, 60 years and older) among men and women. The reliability of the differences was determined by tetrachoric analysis and calculation of the value of χ2. Differences with a 95% probability of denial of the "null hypothesis" were considered reliable. Results. The attitude towards self-administration of medications among the majority of surgical patients is positive. Most use this practice if they consider the disease not too serious, but only a minority are confident in the sufficiency of their knowledge for self-prescribing medications. Respondents who are confident in themselves and in their knowledge are more likely to use self-medication. Men and women had more of them among the representatives of the youngest age group (18–29 years). Men under the age of 45 and women in the 30–59 age group most often resort to self-medication. Only one in ten has a negative attitude to self-medication and does not use it in daily practice. It is shown that when using self-medication, the probability of timely seeking medical help decreases.


It should be understood that the importance of adult education is to illuminate the current context in which the adult functions. This adult frames directly linked with the construct of social justice. Adult education is examined under two frames: a Merriam and Brockett 1997 who define adult education as "'activities intentionally designed for the purpose of bringing about learning among those whose age, social roles, or self-perception define them as adults" and, b Horton's philosophy developed under the Highlander Folk School. Understanding this correlation of adult education within a social-political phenomena, the nature of adult education may belong to a wide-ranging spectrum of teaching and learning in terms of: a media messaging and the rhetoric that may be inculcating adults, ultimately swaying public opinion; b adult messaging and totalitarian implications; c adult education and the state; d knowledge of history; e the history of adult education and how it has been instrumental in social justice; and f what adult education, inclusive of adult educators, must do to mitigate class hegemony.


Brian McCartin (firstname.lastname@example.com) studied applied mathematics at the University of Rhode Island and New York University's Courant Institute (Ph.D. 1981) and music theory at the Hartt School of Music. After heading the Com? putational Electromagnetics Program at United Technologies Corporation and chairing the computer science department at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (Hartford), he is now at Kettering University. A classical pianist, he plays secondo to Barbara Rowe's primo in the "Killer B's" piano duo.


In her artistic and critical projects, Virginia Woolf consistently maintained her hope that art could provide a vantage point from which the value dilemma facing her age could be addressed and the artist/reformer could realign the present value system, a system she felt denied much freedom for individual growth and artistic integrity as well as threatened the final destruction of humanity.


Objective To investigate the association between ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in Han population from Hunan province of China and polymorphism located at the position nt587 in the tumor necrosis factor receptor Ⅱ ( TNFR Ⅱ ) gene.Methods Correlation analysis was performed in a case-control of 100 AS cases and 100 healthy control.The SNPs located in the TNFR Ⅱ gene ( TNFR Ⅱ nt587 ) was examined by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).With the SPSS software,the relationship between AS and frequencies of genotype and alleles in TNFR Ⅱ nt587 were analyzed.Results There were 43 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 T/T genotype,32 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 T/G genotype and 25 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 G/G genotype in the AS cases.While in the healthy control,there were 56 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 T/T genotype,34 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 T/G genotype and 10 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 G/G genotype.At the same times,the allele frequencies of G in AS group was significantly higher ( x2 =8.734,P=0.003 ) than the control group (41.0% vs.27.0% ).The odds ratio in AS cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 G/G genotype was 3.256,which higher than those with G/G ( OR =1.226) genotype and T/T genotype compared the healthy control.Conclusion The study demonstrates that polymorphism within the TNFR Ⅱ at the position nt587 is associated with AS and TNFR Ⅱ nt587 G may play an important role in AS susceptibility,and TNFR Ⅱ nt587 G/G genotype may increase the sicken risk of AS in Hunan population.

Key words:
Ankylosing spondylitis;  TNFR;  Gene polymorphism


In this article, we explore different device and standard cell architectures for scaling the Germanium fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) and nanosheet (NS) at the sub-5-nm node. It is demonstrated that the Germanium device provides approximately 70% improvement in drive current and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3.4\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> less device resistance. The main concern for Germanium devices remains the high leakage current due to the gate-induced drain leakage, which limits their usage to high-speed applications. Overall, Germanium devices require fewer boosters than silicon to scale beyond the 5-nm node. Contact resistivity is found to be a critical knob for Germanium and it can be relaxed to 3e<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$- 9\,\,\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula>-cm2 to meet the power and performance targets for the sub-5-nm node. Moving to the NS helps in relaxing this constraint further.


The SCADA system provides rapid data acquisition. Analysis tools are used that contain elements of artificial intelligence to capture and apply practical knowledge and assist in the management of field assets.


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The charmless bottom meson decays are systematically investigated based on an approximate six-quark operator effective Hamiltonian from perturbative QCD. It is shown that within this framework the naive QCD factorization method provides a simple way to evaluate the hadronic matrix elements of two-body mesonic decays. The singularities caused by on mass-shell quark propagator and gluon exchanging interaction are appropriately treated. Such a simple framework allows us to make theoretical predictions for the decay amplitudes with reasonable input parameters. The resulting theoretical predictions for all the branching ratios and CP asymmetries in the charmless B0, B+, Bs → ππ, πK, KK decays are found to be consistent with the current experimental data except for a few decay modes. The observed large branching ratio in B→π0π0 decay remains a puzzle though the predicted branching ratio may be significantly improved by considering the large vertex corrections in the effective Wilson coefficients. More precise measurements of charmless bottom meson decays, especially on CP violations in B → KK and Bs → ππ, πK, KK decay modes, will provide a useful test and guide us to a better understanding on perturbative and nonperturbative QCD.


Measurements of the sound attenuation of metals at temperatures near absolute zero show that there is an attenuation which increases proportional to the square of the frequency if the metal is kept in the normal state. In the superconducting state this loss becomes very small. Measurements have been made for tin, lead, and copper. For lead and impure tin this loss is independent of the magnetic field, but for very pure tin this type of loss becomes very large and field‐dependent. Most of the field dependence is the result of the magnetoresistance effect, but other variations occur which may be related to the size of the specimen. Theoretical calculations show that the increased loss in the normal state is the result of viscous damping of the lattice vibrations by the electrons. This viscosity increases enormously at low temperatures on account of the increase in the mean free path. For lead and tin the indicated number of free electrons is less than the number of atoms, but for copper the two are equal. M...


The morphological features of foliage and palaeoecology of the Late Pennsylvanian odontopterid seed ferns from the Donets Basin are considered. The fossils indicate that the young fronds of Odontopteris schlotheimii had a dichotomous rachis at an angle of 70° and large oblong pinnules above a dichotomy with the well-pronounced thick midvein and lateral veins that emitted from the midvein along its entire length. The ontogenetic variations of the ultimate pinnae of Odontopteris schlotheimii are manifested in the increasing segmentation of a leaf blade and the change of pinnule sizes and pinnule density on the axes with different thickness. The ontogenetic variations of the ultimate pinnae of Odontopteris subcrenulata and O. cantabrica are expressed by the change of pinnule sizes when changing the axis thickness. The typical pinnules without ontogenetic changes are described on a few small specimens of Odontopteris brardii and O. lingulata that are presented by the ultimate pinnae.On the basis of the lithological and facial features of plant-bearing deposits, the interpretations of the landscape conditions of odontopterid distributions are carried out. The pteridosperms Odontopteris cantabrica were common in wet swampy lowlands along with ferns in Kasimovian and early Gzhelian times. Odontopteris brardii grew within deltaic plains with a moderately wet and drained substrate in early-middle Gzhelian time. The pteridosperms Odontopteris lingulata were distributed on floodplains in middle Gzhelian time. The pteridosperms Odontopteris subcrenulata were spread on floodplains and the slopes of river valleys with seasonally dry conditions in Kasimovian and early-middle Gzhelian times as well as on coastal lowlands in the conditions of progressive climate aridization in late Gzhelian time. Odontopteris schlotheimii grew on deltaic plains and floodplains in early-middle Gzhelian time as well as on moderately wet coastal lowlands and on lagoonal plains with seasonally dry conditions in late Gzhelian time.


Multiphysics analyses for superconducting cavities are essential in the course of cavity design to meet stringent requirements on cavity frequency detuning. Superconducting RF cavities are the core accelerating elements in modern particle accelerators whether it is proton or electron machine, as they offer extremely high quality factors thus reducing the RF losses per cavity. However, the superior quality factor comes with the challenge of controlling the resonance frequency of the cavity within few tens of hertz bandwidth. In this paper, we investigate how the multiphysics analysis plays a major role in proactively minimizing sources of frequency detuning, specifically; microphonics and Lorentz Force Detuning (LFD) in the stage of RF design of the cavity and mechanical design of the niobium shell and the helium vessel.


Resistant to in drop impact, but also provides a Cu ball joint that can suppress the occurrence of defects, Cu nuclear ball, solder joints, solder paste and solder form. Electronic components 60 are configured by being the electrode 41 of the solder bump 30 and the printed circuit board 40 of the semiconductor chip 10 is bonded to the solder paste (12, 42). The solder bump 30 is formed by Cu balls 20 are bonded to the electrode 11 of the semiconductor chip 10. Cu ball 20 of the present invention is not more than 60HV purity is at least 99.9% less than 99.995%, and the sphericity is 0.95 or more, the Vickers hardness is at least 20HV.


The problems are as follows:students seek for material benefits,do not know the importance of Deng Xiaoping's theory, do not connect personal value with social value,and have problems in study, livelihood and employment. The countermeasures are as follows:to raise the quality of the team of politico\|education,to take ideological education as the guide principle and to take advantage of network education.


The present invention provides a continuous hot-dip galvanization apparatus that allows the occurrence of roll pickup in a soaking zone due to condensation in piping for a humidified gas to be prevented, and allows a good appearance for a plated surface to be achieved. The continuous hot-dip galvanization apparatus according to the present invention comprises: an annealing furnace in which a heating zone, a soaking zone and a cooling zone are located side by side in this order; and a hot-dip galvanization system adjacent to the cooling zone. The gases supplied to the soaking zone 12 are: a gas mixture obtained by mixing a gas humidified by a humidifying device 50 and a gas which is not humidified by the humidifying device 50; and a dry gas which is not humidified by the humidifying device. This continuous hot-dip galvanization apparatus has a drain device 80 for draining circulating water from the humidifying device 50 when the gas mixture is not supplied to the soaking zone 12.


The Italian philosopher Giorgio Agamben argues that modern states govern under a permanent state of exception that is based on the fact that laws written in the constitutions are not related to the acts of the people. Law is an instrument used by the executive power to apply it as it wishes. Decrees that have the force of law, emanating directly the government, give this 'full powers' to apply the law at will. This permanent state of exception was evidenced with special force during the government of Uribe Velez through several aspects. The fact that the executive branch took on more responsibilities and refocused power in the national government destabilized power among the branches of the state. In addition, Uribe's position, through his speech since he was a candidate, as the father or the shepherd of the nation, led the country to divide into two radical positions that came to hatred. Besides, Uribe presented an authoritarian attitude towards his detractors and a demagogic speech to civil society, aided by the mass media. Finally, the signing of free trade agreements and the continuation of plans such as Plan Colombia or Plan Patriota represented the involvement of the United States of America in matters that were incumbent solely upon Colombia and generated that the U. S exercised power and sovereignty on strategic territories in terms of natural resources that Colombia has.


Objective To study the olfactory ensheathing cell(OECs) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) jointed transplant promote the synergy of sciatic nerve regeneration.Methods A total of 60 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups,namely CON group,VEGF or OECs group,and VEGF + OECs group.Making big rat sciatic nerve defect models,respectively infusing right amount physiological saline,VEGF,OECs,VEGF and OECs in renewable indoor.General state of each rat was observed after operation,and at the 4 weeks and 12 weeks,Optical nerve regeneration was observed under electron microscope,detecting rat sciatic nerve electric physiology.Results In VEGF,OECs,VEGF+OECs group,there were statistically significant in data about promoting the growth of rat sciatic nerve fibers role(all P0.05).Medulated nerve fibre number percross of sclatie nerve and its diameter,electrophysiologic study results and gastrocnemius green weight in VEGF+OECs group were higher than those in CON group.Conclusions VEGF and OECs all can promote the sciatic nerve regeneration,and have synergistic effect.


The article is devoted to the IBK Mushroom Culture Collection as an essential basis of preservation of macrofungi genofund in pure culture and fundamental research on biology and biotechnology of edible mushrooms with medicinal properties in Ukraine. The objects of investigation are 568 strains of 28 species of edible mushrooms with medicinal properties from the IBK Mushroom Culture Collection. The aim of the work was the elaboration of verification criterions for the strains of edible macromycetes of IBK Collection for confirmation of taxonomic status of biotechnologically valuable producers. The mycological, microbiological, microscopic, molecular genetic methods were done. Methods of macromycetes isolation in pure culture, the criteria for maintaining viability and identification of different species at the vegetative growth stage are provided. Peculiarities of mycelium growth and formation of fruiting bodies in culture are investigated within special program developed by the Collection staff. This program includes research on cultural-morphological characteristics using scanning electron microscopy, cultivation conditions, physiological and biochemical characteristics of strains that can be used to determine species identity of the culture. A complex of morphological criterions for the correct identification of the taxonomic position of cultures of 28 species edible macromycetes are proposed. It includes a presence, dislocation, and morphology of clamp connections; a type of anamorph; special hyphal structures and other characteristics; the presence of teleomorph stage; the growth rate, color, and morphology of mycelial colony. Using light and scanning elec-


Abstract Morphology, time of formation and deposition of the first increment, and rate of increment deposition were determined for sagittae, lapilli, and asterisci from Lost River sucker Deltistes luxatus and shortnose sucker Chasmistes brevirostris. Sagittae and lapilli form on the day of hatch, and asterisci form after 41–52 d in Lost River sucker and after 14–25 d in shortnose sucker. Lapillus increments were validated by using known-age hatchery-raised larvae and wild-caught larvae and juveniles marked by immersion in water with an alizarin complexone concentration of 50 mg/L for 4 h and 18 h, respectively. A transition from relatively wide to relatively narrow increments was sometimes seen during the second week after hatch and appears to be associated with yolk absorption. Because of their readability and conservative growth, lapilli are the preferred otolith structure for age determination of larval and juvenile suckers, whereas sagittae are preferred for nonostariophysan fishes.


The present invention relates to a make-up cosmetic composition containing the food ingredients, the touch, skin fitness feeling, excellent make-optic effect, and moisturizing effect due to the light diffusion cosmetic composition by containing a processed and more particularly the surface grain powder as an active ingredient It relates.


ABSTRACT Migrant origin countries are increasingly implementing diaspora policies to embrace and tap into emigrant communities. These policies often call for the participation of migrant organizations, but it is unclear how the outreach affects the groups or whether space is created for migrants to exercise agency. I engage these questions through analysis of Mexico's migrant-centred 3x1 Program for community development, examining the institutionalization of the policy and the experiences of established migrant organizations. Two broad trends emerge: First, bureaucratization of the program at the federal level has strained the capacity of participating migrant groups, which are volunteer-managed clubs not professional NGOs. They have been forced to find informal workarounds and rely on help from government officials, which has the potential to tokenize their participation. Second, however, I find that established migrant organizations have nonetheless continued a pattern of mediated empowerment. They are interdependent with the state government and constrained in some ways, but they also are able to build and exercise agency to influence how diaspora policy is enacted in their origin areas. I conclude that the proliferation of diaspora policies is a mixed bag for migrant organizations, with the potential both to empower and to marginalize them.


On the basis of the testing mechanism under micro-strain,this paper researched studied and analyzed the strain of PVDF under large-strain and derived the large-strain testing mechanism of PVDF.The sensing mechanism was deducted,The feasibility of the theoretical method was verified with large-strain experiment by combining self-made PVDF strain gauge piezoelectric film.The result of research provided the theory base of designing PVDF senor for testing large-strain.


The purpose of this work is to study, in infrared spectroscopy, the surface compounds formed on adsorption of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides on Tc/SiO/sub 2/. The samples were prepared by soaking Aerosil with aqueous solution of ammonium pertechnetate containing 10 wt.% of Tc. Reduction with hydrogen to the metal was carried out at 700-800/sup 0/C. Results indicated that chemisorption of CO on highly dispersed technetium gives rise to a single type of linear and several types of multicentered adsorption forms. Occurrence of bridge form of adsorbed CO was also suggested on the basis of the data on chemisorption stoichiometry. Formation of a structure characterizable by absorption at 1790 cm/sup -1/ may indicate, only after protracted analysis, that the surface of the technetium introduced gradually suffers significant rearrangement facilitating formation of this type of complexes.


The invention relates to a method for hydraulically decoupling multiple, parallel-connected fluid circuits, each with a pump, characterized in that the differential pressure between the boiler flow and boiler return is detected to a controller and the rotational speed of at least one pump in the boiler circuit is changed so that a stored reference value, in particular zero, is reached. The invention further relates to a heating system with a distribution insebsondere with a heating circuit on at least two heating circuits, each with a heating circuit pump, being guided at least via a central supply and return conduit with at least one boiler pump heating medium to the distribution and is discharged.


This book contains six articles written by Rex Galbraith under the pen name Tracker "Your man at the microscope". They first appeared in the 1990s in On Track, the newsletter of the International Fission Track Community.


This article analyzes the marketing campaigns of best-selling Christian books and albums to identify their dominant themes. Through a literary/critical analysis, this article addresses how Christian media marketing frames the consumer as having spiritual problems, lauds the artists as Christian role models, and projects themes of inspiration and empowerment onto the media. Ultimately, the marketing campaigns perpetuate a definition of "Christianity" that privileges making the consumer feel inspired and empowered, and tend to ignore other Christian beliefs or themes.