papular, or annular), along with mucosal and systemic symptoms such as malaise, headache, mild fever, anorexia, and lymph node enlargement. Alopecia is an uncommon clinical manifestation of secondary syphilis, occurring in only 4% of cases. Alopecia syphilitica often accompanies other mucocutaneous symptoms of secondary syphilis, but it is extremely rare for hair loss to be the only presenting symptom. Two basic patterns of secondary syphilitic alopecia have been described in the literature. The first type is symptomatic alopecia. This type presents with either a patchy or diffuse pattern associated with skin lesions of secondary syphilis on the scalp or elsewhere. The other type of alopecia described is essential syphilitic alopecia. This type has the same hair loss pattern as symptomatic alopecia but without any other cutaneous features of syphilis. In our patient, diffuse hair loss was the only cutaneous symptom of secondary syphilis. The histopathological finding, which mimicked alopecia areata, was nondiagnostic. Later, the results of serological tests led to a surprise diagnosis of syphilitic alopecia. The diffuse hair loss of essential syphilitic alopecia as the sole manifestation of syphilis is extremely uncommon and is seldom reported in the current literature. When syphilis produces unusual skin lesions, as in this case, it is likely to be misdiagnosed. This patient is presented to emphasize the importance of considering syphilis and performing the appropriate serological tests in patients with an at-risk sexual history and unexplained sudden hair loss.


This is the second of two consecutive articles taken largely from a PhD thesis. As much as possible it uses the words of the women themselves. It reports respondents' attitudes and perceptions concerning working behaviour among a sample of UK women.


Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is an important etiology of atrial fibrillation (AF). Coronary artery calcification is a marker of coronary atherosclerosis and coronary events. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether larger left atrium (LA) and pulmonary veins (PVs) were seen by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) scans in those patients with higher coronary calcium scores.


Abstract The recent result on the diffusive instability of a planar premixed gas flame sustained in the stagnation-point flow are carried over on the hydrodynamic (Darrieus-Landau) instability. Similar to the former case the planar flame of the infinite aspect length-scale is unconditionally stable for any flow induced stretch however small. Yet in finite geometries occuring in numerical and laboratory experiments the flame may well become unstable provided the imposed stretch is weak enough. It is argued that the effect may be related to the formation of a non-steady multiple cusp structure often observed in large-scale flames.


An alternative method for the synthesis of the 8-methyl-1-tetralone from the commercially available 5-methoxy-1-tetralone has been developed. The transformation involves eight steps and affords an overall yield 25%.


Based on the analysis on the present situation of internet addiction students,this paper points out that university library should take full advantage of its network information resources to guide university students' using the internet correctly so as to make sure that the students will be dismissed from internet addiction.


Growth measurement is a fundamental exercise to understand the source of economic growth. This paper suggests using the stochastic production frontier approach (SPF) to measure country-level technical efficiency for a better comparison of economic performances. The results show that there is a substantial difference in understanding cross-country technical efficiency and traditional total factor productivity growth measurement. By means of the SPF model, it also allows us to seek for the sources of technical efficiency. Institutional arrangements explain the sources of cross-country technical inefficiency. Among various measures of institutions, we find that the role of the State, political institution and openness to international trade are significant factors of global divergent economic performances. § Correspondence: Department of Economics, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK. The author would like to thank Professor Somnath Sen, Professor Jayasri Dutta, Dr. Colin Rowat and the Macroeconomic Research Group at the University of Birmingham for their valuable comments on earlier drafts. Errors remain the author's.


Alumina has been used widely in electronics industry specifically for chip resistor application. Currently, the deposition of nickel on alumina surface using electrodeposition method suffered from the insufficient bonding between the metallic coating (nickel) and the ceramic substrate (alumina). Electroless deposition method however can produce strong adhesion between the metallic coating and ceramic substrate. In this research, the effect of pH on the electroless nickel on alumina substrate was investigated. The electroless deposition of nickel on alumina substrate was conducted at pH 4.0, 5.6 and pH 10.0 for 3, 5, 10, 20 and 30 minutes at constant temperature. The crystal structure of the substrate and coating was characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The surface morphology of the coating was observed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the coating thickness was measure by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The coating performance was tested by using Standard ASTM D3359 (Tape-Test). It was found that the optimum pH of plating solution was 10.0 with the maximum thickness was obtained at 30 minutes of deposition with thickness of 1.15 μm. These optimum coating parameters shows homogeneous and uniform nickel deposition on the alumina surface as observed by SEM. Nickel deposition by electroless method at pH 4.0, 5.6, and 10.0 have excellent bonding with alumina substrate as shown by tape test analysis.


Abstract : The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of DODD 5000.29 on the Naval Air Systems Command an to determine what steps and actions should be taken to implement the policy contained therein. Existing service component instructions and guidance documents relating to the management of computer resources were examined for compliance with DODD 5000.29 and as a source of new ideas for use at NAVAIR in preparing new NAVAIR guidance documents. Applicable Military Standards and Specifications were reviewed as well as computer resources reports of studies performed by DOD and the Navy. This report sets forth the history of DODD 5000.29, the present situation at NAVAIR, and an examination of existing Service Component Policy and guidance documents. The author's conclusions and recommendations are set forth in the final section of this report. The recommendations include the updating of the existing computer resources related NAVAIR instructions and certain NAVAIR program management guidance documents. Recommendations for inclusion of additional material into a draft NAVAIR Software Management Manual is presented. (Author)


Poster: "ECR 2015 / C-0470 / Evaluation of Significant Anatomic Factors related to Persistent Incontinence following Radical Prostatectomy using Preoperative and Postoperative MRI" by: "S. Y. Kim, S. Woo, J. Y. Cho, S. H. Kim; Seoul/KR"


Modern radio interferometers sensitive to low frequencies will make use of wide-band detectors. For such wide bandwidths, dispersive atmospheric effects introduce variations in the fringe delay which change through the band of the receivers. These undesired dispersive effects must be estimated and calibrated with the highest precision. We studied the achievable precision in the estimate of the ionospheric dispersion and the dynamic range of the correlated fringes for different distributions of sub-bands in low-frequency and wide-band interferometric observations. Our study is focused on the case of sub-bands with a bandwidth much narrower than that of the total covered spectrum (case of LOFAR). We computed the uncertainty of the ionospheric delay, the delay ambiguity, and the dynamic range of the fringes using four different kinds of sub-band distributions: constant spacing between sub-bands, random spacings, spacings based on a power-law distribution, and spacings based on Golomb rulers (sets of integers whose sets of differences have non-repeated elements). For a large number of sub-bands ($> 20$, depending on the delay window) spacings based on Golomb rulers give the most precise estimates of dispersive effects and the highest fringe dynamic ranges. Spacings based on the power-law distribution give similar results, although better than those with the Golomb rulers for smaller number of sub-bands. Random distributions result in large fringe dynamic ranges, but the estimate of dispersive effects is worse. A constant spacing of sub-bands results in very bad fringe dynamic ranges, but good estimates of ionospheric dispersion. Combining all the results, the power-law distribution gives the best compromise between homogeneity in the bandwidth sampling, precision in the estimate of ionospheric effects, dynamic range of the correlated fringes, and group-delay ambiguity.


Prestressed ground anchors are often used in clayey or cohesive soils. This paper will examine the problem of soil creep with time, i.e., rheological properties. Owing to rheological properties of cohesive soils, anchor supports tend to move gradually, causing the forces exerted on them to decrease, and general redistribution of stresses in the structure to occur. The paper argues that it is necessary, when designing a sheet pile bulkhead supported by ground anchors embedded in creep sensitive soils, to recognize that its stress-strain state will gradually change with time due to "creep" of the anchors within the soil mass.


This letter proposes an algorithm for clustering of two-dimensional data. Instead of "flattening" data into vectors, the proposed algorithm keeps samples as matrices and stores them as lateral slices in a third-order tensor. It is then assumed that the samples lie near a union of free submodules and their representations under this model are obtained by imposing a low tensor-rank constraint and a structural constraint on the representation tensor. Clustering is carried out using an affinity matrix calculated from the representation tensor. Effectiveness of the proposed algorithm and its superiority over existing methods are demonstrated through experiments on two image datasets.


Remote sensing in the studies on sustainability helps researchers and society in general to provide the necessary information about a specific problem in the...


A survey was undertaken for SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threats)
analysis of rabbit production system in Thrissur and Malappuram districts of Kerala. Sixty rabbit
units were selected randomly from the rabbit farmers of the two districts. The rabbit units were
classified as small (1-10 doe unit) and medium (>10 doe unit). Thirty farms from each category
were selected for SWOT analysis to assess internal and external factors affecting the viability and
sustainability of rabbit farms in Kerala. The SWOT factors had Kendall's 'W' value ranging from
0.005 to 0.017 and 0.006 to 0.069 respectively for the small and medium rabbit farms. Based upon
outcomes, most important strengths and opportunities could be combined to formulate a functional
strategy that can vitalize the rabbit production systems


Academic literature is filled with debate on whether product innovativeness positively impacts new product performance (NPP) because of increasing competitive advantage or negatively impacts performance due to consumers' fears of novel technology and resultant resistance to adopt. This study investigates this issue by modeling product innovativeness as a moderator that influences the relationship between communication strategy and new product performance. The authors emphasize that the impact of innovativeness to producers is different from that to consumers and that the differences have strategic impact when commercializing highly innovative products. Product innovativeness is conceptualized as multidimensional, and each dimension is tested separately. Four dimensions of innovativeness are explored—product newness to the firm, market newness to the firm, product superiority to the customer, and adoption difficulty for the customer.

In this study, communication strategy is comprised of preannouncement strategy and advertising strategy. First, the relationship between whether or not a preannouncement is offered and NPP is explored. Then three types of preannouncement messages (customer education, anticipation creation, and market preemption) are investigated. Advertising strategy is characterized by whether the advertisement campaign at the time of launch was based primarily on emotional or functional appeals.

Using empirical results from 284 surveys of product managers, the authors find that the relationship between communication strategy and NPP is moderated by innovativeness, and that the relationships differ not only by degree but also by type of innovativeness. Implications for research and practice are discussed.


Summary Natural cholinesterase inhibitors were found in many biological sources: bacteria, blue-greens, plants, marine sponges, microscopic fungus, and in a smaller scale also in mushrooms, fruiting body of macroscopis fungus. Only cholinesterase inhibitors isolated from mushrooms are subjects of this minireview. These natural compounds with anticholinergic activity may be considered as prospective drugs against Alzheimer's disease.


Although the online network educational system provides lots of learning resources, its application is limited for personalized service. How to satisfy the learners with their personalized needs, initializing student model is the research's primary problem of e-learning. We introduce a framework of initializing student model which aims at the personalized information of learner and evaluation strategies. At last, we develop a prototype of initializing student model system in order to test our framework's feasibility


High values of the ideality factor n, in the range 1–6, have been found at low temperatures in highly doped n++p+ junctions with phosphorous and gallium or boron diffusion profiles. By studying the thermal activation of the forward current it has been possible to establish that tunneling related to charge carrier transport plays a decisive role for the generation of the high n factors. The tunneling component can be explained by the presence of local electric fields, much higher than the average field in the space‐charge region, and the tunneling becomes more evident for p‐n junctions with higher concentration of shallow dopants at the interception point between the p+ and the n++ concentration profiles. The use of a specially designed method based on deep‐level transient spectroscopy has made it possible to conclude that the recombination centers, contributing to the recombination current, are positioned in the n++ phosphorous emitter and have the same properties for gallium and boron p base profiles. Th...


Presents a personal view of the assessment process, covering the various experiences of a specialist assessor from initial training through to what happens in real assessment visits. Includes an indication of the workload required of assessors, the author's experiences of the interaction between the assessors and the staff being assessed, and views of the kind of interaction which operates within the assessment team, the way this impacts on the main work of an assessment visit, and an impression of how the assessment process impacts on higher education in a developmental way. Outlines some of the problems (some trivial, some more serious) which occur either because of the way assessments are conducted or because of the fundamental assessment design, and offers suggestions for some possible solutions.


For the complex stress analysis of the vault of large-scale liquefied natural storage tank,the theoretical calculation of the vault stress of storage tank under the joint action of uniform load and concentrated load was completed according to HG/T 20517—1992 Steel Low Pressure for Wet Gas Holder,GB 50017—2003 Code for Design of Steel Structures and API 650— 2012 Welded Tanks for Oil Storage on the basis of introducing the vault structure of large-scale liquefied natural storage tank.Then,taking 40 000m3 liquefied natural storage tank as an example,the dangerous sections of the vault were obtained by the comparison between results of theoretical calculation and numerical simulation.The result shows that the outermost ring beam and the part of radial beam near the end of vault endure higher stress and are the dangerous sections of the vault under the joint action of uniform load and concentrated load.


Australian scientists will create a 'future ocean' under the sea ice off Casey this summer, using four underwater chambers to measure the impact of ocean acidification on seafloor ('benthic') communities.


The process of polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutter turning granite was investigated by means of tools microscope and dynamometer, and the fracture section of worn PDC was studied by scanning electron microscope. The results indicate that the process of polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutter turning granite is composed of initial wear, fast wear and stable wear, and single force curve of the process is cyclical fluctuate, and the wear of PDC cutters is the result of grinding and impact as well, and the abrasion mechanism of PDC includes several mechanism such as grinding abrasion and fatigue wear. The wear and fracture of PDC are due to the break of W/Co loaded by applied loading and the pull-out of the diamond particles.


Bile was collected from pentobarbitalized rats, both intact and nephrectomized, at various time intervals after the intravenous injection of C14-atropine, and at body temperatures of 37, 25 and 17°C. Urine was collected and analyzed at the termination of the 4-hour experiment.

The quantitative importance of the biliary route of excretion for atropine is evident from the fact that as much as 70% of the injected dose may be committed to this route within 4 hours in the 37°C, nephrectomized preparation. In the intact animal, 50% appears in the bile in this time interval. All of the C14 found in the bile exists as atropine metabolites. No unchanged drug appears in the bile, nor is any tropic acid evident. This process is an extremely rapid one with metabolites appearing in the bile as early as 10 minutes after injection at 37 and 25°C, and reaching peak activities in 20 to 40 minutes.

The liver is able to metabolize increased amounts of the drug in the absence of kidney function and this is probably related to the increased plasma concentrations found in the nephrectomized preparation. The C14 concentration of the bile in the nephrectomized rat is higher than that of the intact rat, and maximum C14 concentration occurs very rapidly in both preparations.

Deep hypothermia appears to more markedly impair renal excretion of atropine and/or metabolites than it does hepatic excretion. Even at the lowest temperature studied, 17°C, the liver is still capable of completely altering the material excreted into the bile. The kidney is unable to excrete C14 into the urine at 17°C.

Some metabolites of atropine found in the bile seem to be more markedly affected by hypothermia than others. The formation of component of Rf 0.16 is slowed to a greater extent than formation of component of Rf 0.08.


The three volumes narrated the parallel story of man's occupation of the skies, earth and oceans. The contents investigated two distinct types – realised projects that revolutionized the way we live, and theoretical unorthodox ideas that astounded and challenged conventional architectural thinking. Invited project and text contributors included Itsuko Hasegawa, Kisho Kurokawa, Anthony Gormley, Renzo Piano, Enric Miralles, Buckminster Fuller, Archigram, Zaha Hadid, Diller + Scofidio, Langland + Bell, Rem Koolhaas, Alvaro Siza, Christo and Frank Gehry.


Objective To explore the optimized reaction condition for nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(nested RT-PCR)to detected the E-cadherin mRNA relative quantitative of the lung cancer tissues.Methods By adjusting the reaction conditions of nested RT-PCR, we explored the optimized reaction conditions.Results The optimized RT-PCR conditions were:1×PCR buffer,dNTP 200 μmol/L, Mgcl2 1.5 mmol/L,primers 600 nmol/L,Taq DNA polymerase 0.1 U/μL,templates 50 ng,the total volume was 25 μL.The cycling conditions were as follows:After 10 min at 95 ℃, reactions were cycled through 1 min denaturation at 95 ℃, 1 min annealing at 66 ℃, and 1 min extension at 72 ℃for 35 cycles;followed 72 ℃ for 10 minutes.Conclusions The relative quantitative method for E-cadherin mRNA expression of lung tissues has been established.


A fiber active temperature sensor based on single‐longitudinal‐mode distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) fiber laser is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The dual‐polarization mode DBR fiber laser could be employed as a temperature sensor through beat frequency interrogation. The temperature sensitivities of this polarimetric sensor are experimentally compared both through frequency and wavelength interrogations. By calculating the fiber birefringence at different temperature, temperature dependence of fiber birefringence is also investigated. Theoretical analysis and experiment results indicate that the fiber birefringence would linearly decrease with the increase of temperature. Based on the frequency and wavelength interrogations, respectively, the fiber active sensor would provide an effective way to achieve simultaneous measurement of multi‐parameters. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 41–44, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24820


Image processing is considered to be one of the basic components in intelligent and decision support systems. On the other hand, improving image contrast is one of the most challenging issues in the field of image processing, pattern recognition and machine vision. This process improves understanding the information in the image for the human viewer. This is especially of great importance for medical imaging because low light intensity and high noise levels make it difficult to accurately diagnose specific diseases as well as to document and analyze them. The main motivation in image enhancement is to modify the image properties so that it is suitable for viewing and application, which can be done by removing noise, sharpening the edge and improving contrast enhancement. Due to the importance of the subject, various methods have been proposed by researchers in this field. In this paper, a new method based on shadowed sets is presented to improve image contrast. The results show that this method has acceptable accuracy and efficiency compared to other image enhancement techniques.


Czech historian Jaroslav Bidlo and his involvement in the neo-slav movement before World War I The Czech historian Jaroslav Bidlo (1868–1937) was one of the few Austro-Hungarian scholars who possessed vast and critical knowledge in the field of history of Slavic nations. His knowledge was based on his own experience gathered in Polish and Russian academic circles before World War I. As a professor of the Czech Charles-Ferdinand University he was involved in the so-called Neo-Slav movement, which culminated in the "Slavic Congress" in Prague in July 1908, and in the edition of a collective monograph about the Slavic nations (Slovanstvo, Prague 1912). Bidlo used these opportunities to create his own synthetic concept of Slavic history, which he later successfully developed during the interwar period.


An electronic device includes a first inductor which is symmetrical with respect to a first line in plan view and a second inductor having the same shape as that of the first inductor. The first inductor and the second inductor are disposed so as to be symmetrical with each other with respect to a second line which is orthogonal to the first line. The first inductor and the second inductor are disposed so as to intersect on the second line in plan view.


In the theory of hydrostatic quasi-geostrophic flow in the Earth's atmosphere the principal results do not depend on the eddy viscosity. This contrasts with published theories of convection in deep rotating fluid spheres, where the wavelength of the fastest growing disturbance varies as E sup 1/3, where E, the Ekman number, is proportional to the eddy viscosity. A new theory of quasi-columnar motions in stably stratified fluid spheres attempts to capture the luck of the meteorologists. The theory allows one to investigate the stability of barotropic and baroclinic zonal flows that extend into the planetary interior. It is hypothesized that the internal heat Jupiter and Saturn comes out not radially but on sloping surfaces defined by the internal entropy distribution. To test the hypothesis one searches for basic states in which the wavelength of the fastest-growing disturbance remains finite as E tends to zero, and is which the heat flux vector is radially outward and poleward.


Feedback control system is employed to desingn fuzzy controller.The controller is utilized to control the injection machine to make the injection speed vary according to the expected plot and therefore to guarantee the high quality of the parts.


In November,2011,one Calonectris leucomelas was found and photoed in Shushan Lake(117.195 625 E,31.888 053 N) in Hefei of Anhui Province.On the basis of fauna literature analysis,this bird was recognized as a new bird record in Anhui Province.The new bird record is helpful and important for Calonectris leucomelas study,especially for its geographical distribution and migration channels study.


All the theorems stated in [2] are true. In particular, theorem B, on the existence of an invariant measure, is true. However, in the proof of theorem B, it is necessary to use the result of G. Keller [1] on the existence of an invariant measure for a C1+α function. The attempt, in § 4 of this paper, to modify the proof of S. Wong so that it applies to this general case of a C1+α function, is faulty. These calculations do not overcome the real difficulties involved in the proof and leave major gaps in the estimates needed.


The High Frequency Pulse Detonation (HFPD) thermal spray process represents a novel cost-effective alternative for the production of premium quality coatings. In this paper, the HFPD spray technique is characterized by very flexible capabilities which allow to deposit a wide range of materials according to different specifications. The spray parameters are carefully selected and adapted to the respective material or specification. The qualitative effect of each parameter on the coating properties and the reliability of the system are checked. Examples of different coatings are presented. Paper includes a German-language abstract.


Colonies of Planococcus ficus (Signoret) were reared from three different areas, Hex River Valley, Robertson and Stellenbosch. An insectary colony and a table grape colony from Nietvoorbij experimental farm were also included in the study. A range of concentrations of chlorpyrifos was applied topically to individuals from the different colonies. The Stellenbosch population had the lowest LDso, although it was not significantly different from that of the insectary and Robertson colonies. The Hex River Valley and table grape colonies had a significantly higher LDso than the Robertson, Stellenbosch and insectary colonies, although the relative tolerance was 1.5, which would probably not result in significant control failure in the field. However, this does indicate that there is potential for the development of resistance to chlorpyrifos in the vine mealybug in South Africa. Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za


Abstract:Mithya is living myth. Myth is an absence of mithya. The difference between the modern individual who expressly chooses to believe in or look for myth and aboriginal cultures still living in myth is the difference between myth and mithya. Hindu mythology is mithya and therefore remaking myth in Indian fiction is often conforming and seldom deviant. But lately Indian popular fiction has produced mythopoeic versions of its mithya. Amish Tripathi's Shiva Trilogy is an example of this trend. Tripathi in his series demythologizes and remythologizes Lord Shiva into a revolutionary tribal chief of the Indus Valley Civilization who was elevated to divinity over time. Such a euhemeristic deliverance transcribes a polytheistic deity as apotheosis. This mythopoeic version, although unorthodox, is produced and consumed in popular fiction. Such popular production and consumption of an alternate mythopoeia in spite of an extant mithya predicates a shift in mithya.


PurposeThe purpose of this study is to analyze how the design of performance appraisal is influenced by the competitive strategy of the firm. Then, this paper examines if the alignment between appraisal and strategy impacts firm performance.Design/methodology/approachThe study sample includes 258 Spanish firms in the manufacturing and services sectors. This information was gathered through questionnaires addressed to the CEO and the senior human resources manager. Several econometric models are estimated, using robust regression analysis and including a set of relevant control variables.FindingsA positive relationship is found between an innovation strategy and developmental performance appraisal. A cost strategy has a negative impact on the adoption of developmental performance appraisal. The findings also confirm that firms with a quality strategy and developmental appraisal have higher performance. In addition, firms adopting an innovation strategy and administrative appraisal enjoy higher return of equity.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research should analyze the dynamics of the relationships between appraisal, strategy and performance to rule out the flaws of cross-sectional data. Another potential extension is the analysis of the interactions of the design of other human resources management practices with both competitive strategy and firm performance.Practical implicationsFirms can improve performance by aligning performance appraisal design with strategy. Those with an innovation strategy should choose administrative appraisal, and those competing on quality should focus on developmental appraisal.Originality/valueThis paper compares the theoretical recommendations on performance appraisal for different competitive strategies, what firms actually do, and the impact that the alignment between appraisal and strategy has on firm performance.


Objective:To explore the MRI appearances and improve the recognition of occult fracture.Methods:MRI and other imaging data of 31 patients with negative performance on plain X-ray films were retrospectively analysed.Results:In 31 injuried patients,the conventional X-ray films showed no obvious change.Among them,conventional CT scanning of 11 cases also showed no abnormal signs,7 cases were suspicious of having fracture after performed with MPR,MRI imagings of all 31 cases showed abnormal signal change and were diagnosed occult fracture.Conclusions:For injuried patients who are suspicious of having clinical occult fracture,MRI examination should be the first choice and it has high sensitivity in diagnosing occult fracture.


Aiming at lightweight car body energy saving,the development of lightweight body was mainly analyzed from light-weight body structure design and lightweight materials.


The Abrolhos Marine National Park was created by presidential decree no. 88,218 of April 6, 1983 encompassing two distinct areas of the southern coast of the State of Bahia, Brazil, with a total area of approximately 266 square nautical miles. However, the actual implementation only began in August of 1987 with the hiring of the current project coordinators. During this time the 'Golden Unity' ecological accident occurred. The cargo vessel, after crossing over Abrolhos shoal, got stuck on some reefs near Santa Barbara Island in the Abrolhos Archipelago. The removal of the 'Golden Unity', which remained stranded for 20 days, was followed by a direct visual study of the destruction caused by the cargo vessel as well as photographic documentation. As a result of the accident, three legal proceedings were opened but none has, to this moment, had any positive results in terms of punishment for those responsible or reimbursement to the Park.


The study field of input-output analysis is extended constantly since Wassily Leontief has created the first input-output table. The I-O analysis not only applied in economic review, but used in energy field and environmental research, and it provides a new sight toward the construction of ecological civilization. In this paper, we first review the previous studies of I-O analysis in ecological civilization and evaluate the main model of these studies. Finally, we put forward suggestions of methodology for the further study.


The research of quasi-breather statistical characteristics in the model crystal of A3B stoichiometry is conducted by means of molecular dynamics method in the paper by the example of Pt3Al. The phonon spectrum of this model crystal, the dependences of mean-square deviation, the coefficient of variation and the average frequency of the model quasi-breather on the time of its existence are obtained. The statistical data analysis allows for the conclusion that a quasi-breather model solution slightly differs from the exact breather corresponding to it in the model under consideration using the interatomic potential obtained by means of embedded atom method (EAM).


This article strives to articulate some of the conventional foundations of law. The article consists of three main arguments. First, between H. L. A. Hart's conception of the rules of recognition and H. Kelsen's theory of the basic norm, Hart's view is more compelling. Second, the paper argues that the rules of recognition are social conventions but not of the familiar coordinative type, as some commentators have claimed. Finally, the article draws a distinction between deep and surface conventions, arguing that there are some deep conventions about what law is, and surface conventions that determine what counts as law in a particular community. This distinction between deep and surface conventions is employed to solve some of the puzzles about the nature of the rules of recognition.


Bus Management System is a system that developed to make the
management of bus driver and bus trip at Transnasional Express Sdn Bhd Kuantan Branch become easier.At this time, this company only has online ticketing system and still do not has computerized management system for their company operation.Therefore,all the data and information that related with driver and bus trip is documented and kept in file base system.Manual system in record keeping make an
important data or information has a potential to lost or damage.Besides,driver scheduling is assigned by operation officer manually and the operation officer must prepare the schedule everyday before the driver start their trip. Therefore,computerized driver scheduling is suggested to make the management of driver schedule become easier.RAD model is used as a process model and Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 and Microsoft Access is used as a tool for Bus Management System development.Besides, the prototype for bus management system successfully developed to make the management work become more effective.


Recently, type curves based on pressure derivatives have become a highly popular method for analyzing well test data. Typically, these type curves represent a log-log plot of dimensionless pressure and the derivative of dimensionless pressure vs. dimensionless time. This work presents a new general procedure for constructing type curves based on a new combination of dimensionless pressure and the derivative of dimensionless pressure. The procedure can be used to construct type curves for all standard problems encountered in well testing. The new type curves always have good character so that nonuniqueness problems sometimes encountered in type-curve matching are eliminated;p thus, the type curves constructed by our method should improve our ability to obtain accurate estimates of reservoir parameters by type-curve matching. The basic procedure is used to construct new type curves for wellbore storage and skin problems and for fractured wells (uniform-flux and infinite-conductivity). These type curves are constructed so that the vertical scale of the dimensionless derivative groups is automatically aligned with the vertical scale of the field-data derivative groups; thus, type-curve matching of field derivative data is accomplished by moving the field data plot only in the horizontal direction. This automatic alignment of the vertical scales simplifies type-curvemore » matching and also is advantageous for determining whether field data actually represent the solution assumed by a given type curve.« less


For some audiophiles, having a huge, low-cutoff bass horn built into the wall of the listening room represents the ultimate low frequency solution. Without considering the practicalities of such an installation, this paper will look at the performance of low frequency horns mounted in the wall of a small room, compared to the performance of a typical point source closed box type sub-woofer and an array of such sub-woofers. Simulation results indicate that in addition to higher efficiency, the horns provide smoother response in the listening position and less seat-to-seat variation.


Aim: The aim of the study was to find out the relationship between the type of gait training, walking performance, community ambulation in post stroke patients.
Objectives: To estimate the relationship between clinical walking performance and level of community ambulation in post stroke patients.
Method: Cross sectional co-relational study. The 60 samples were selected by convenient sampling method. The outcome measures were 10MWT, 6MWT,and Self-reported community ambulation assessment questioner for stroke patients. Pearson's co relation, spearman rho and one way anova were used to find the co relation between variables.
Results: There was very poor co relation existed between the gait velocity and endurance.
Conclusion: level of community ambulation was not influenced by gait velocity and endurance of walking among the stroke survivors


NGC 3115 is a lenticular (S0) galaxy located in the sparse environment of the Leo Spur. Previous investigators found evidence of a massive black hole in its center (J. Kormendy, et al., ApJ, 459, L57 [1996]). NGC 3115 rotates rapidly about its minor axis, perhaps fast enough to account for its flattened bulge (G. Illingworth, & P. L. Schechter, ApJ, 256, 481 [1982]). The rotation has been measured out to a few kiloparsecs from the center (M. Capaccioli, E. Cappellaro, E. V. Held, & M. Vietri, A&A, 274, 69 [1993]). These kinematic features show it is much like a disky elliptical galaxy (J. L. Nieto, & R. Bender, A&A, 215, 266 [1989]). Photometric investigations of the globular cluster system (GCS) have revealed a flattened distribution with a specific frequency not unlike spiral galaxy (D. A. Hanes, & W. E. Harris, ApJ, 304, 599 [1986]). Recently, a study of the red giant branch (RGB) population of NGC 3115 has revealed a bimodal color distribution and a distance modulus of (R. A. W. Elson, MNRAS, 286, 771 (m 2 M) 5 29.8 V [1997]). We have made photometric observations of NGC 3115 in Kron-Cousins V and I using images obtained with the CanadaFrance-Hawaii Telescope. The limiting magnitude in both filters is approximately at the peak of the globular cluster luminosity function (GCLF), which we determine to be . This turnover value, compared with that of TO m 5 22.8 5 0.2 V the Milky Way, implies a distance modulus of TO (m 2 M) 5 V , consistent with distance estimates based on the 30.2 5 0.3 magnitude of the RGB tip. Analysis of the colors re(V 2 I) veals that the GCS has a bimodal color distribution. The red clusters appear more concentrated toward the plane of NGC 3115 than the blue clusters (see Fig. 1). We have also determined the GCS specific frequency to be , typical S 5 2 5 1 N of lenticulars that do not possess bars and in the range of values for spiral systems. The dispersion of GCLF is much like that of a spiral galaxy, with . j ∼ 1.1 To probe the mass of NGC 3115 to larger radii than previous rotation curves, we have measured radial velocities of candidate globular clusters using spectra obtained at the William Herschel Telescope. Radial velocities were determined for 39 unresolved objects using the "fxcor" package in IRAF. Of these, 22 objects were found to be associated with NGC 3115 based on their velocities. We find that the cluster system is rotating with an amplitude of km s at a radius of 14 kpc. V(rot) 5 190 5 20 Removing this coherent motion and applying the projected mass estimator (J. N. Bahcall & S. Tremaine, ApJ, 244, 805 [1981]) implies interior to kpc (assuming 110 M/L 5 19 R 5 14 B 23 a distance of 11 Mpc). This value of M/L is larger than that found at smaller radii, , M/L (3 kpc) 5 6 M/L (9 kpc) 5 10 B B (M. Capaccioli, E. Cappellaro, E. V. Held, & M. Vietri, A&A, 274, 69 [1993]), suggesting that NGC 3115 possesses a dark matter halo. From these spectral and photometric data we find strong evidence that NGC 3115 possesses two separate and distinct cluster populations, a rapidly rotating metal-rich thick disk system and a more slowly rotating metal-poor halo system. The GCS is very much like that of the Milky Way with distinct thick disk and halo components. This appears to support the hypothesis that S0 galaxies in sparse environments may be a transition class from spiral to elliptical galaxies.


In recent years, the designers of long girder bridges in seismic areas have frequently opted for a continuous deck. One implication of this choice is that in many instances bridge abutments are cal...


This study was aims to reveal the challenges and efforts in implementing early childhood character education based on local wisdom in Aceh society This study has been conducted using qualitative approach. Its result indicates several challenges faced by Acehnese in implementing character education based on Acehnese local wisdom, including: (a) the impact of technological development; (b) changes in the physical environment such as natural disasters and natural resources; (c) contact with other communities and the culture of the community replaces local culture; (d) modernity promises ease and speed so that the tradition of local wisdom is seen as complicated and slow so that the summarization of tradition is carried out. Therefore, Aceh local wisdom is not only ritual but also contains Islamic values that have become a culture in Aceh.


A new polymer-ceramic composite, using the newly developed relaxor ferroelectric polymer that has a high room temperature dielectric constant as the matrix, is reported. It was observed that the increase of the dielectric constant of the composites with the ceramic content could be described quite well by the expression developed by Yamada et al. The experimental data show that the relative dielectric constant of composites using PMN-PT powders can reach more than 250 with weak temperature dependence. In addition, the composite prepared in a clean environment also has high breakdown field strength (120 MV/m), which yields an energy storage density more than 15J/cm/sup 3/. The dielectric behavior of the composite at various frequencies was also studied and the results show that the material is promising for high frequency applications.


A full computer based investigation of the factors influencing the modelling of overbank flood discharges has been carried out. Several floods of differing magnitudes and peak curvatures were routed down regular channels using an implicit finite difference scheme and the influence of time and distance steps used for the numerical solution of the flow equations were investigated.

Spillage over sharp crested weirs was assumed to satisfactorily simulate the overbank flood discharge; the importance of a correct estimation of the coefficient of discharge was also checked. It was shown that sensibly chosen values of the time step had little effect on the simulations. This was also true for the value of the coefficient of discharge when the sideweir flow was predominately drowned, but not for free flow conditions. It was also shown that close spacing of computational nodes was required at the onset of overbank flow to accurately simulate the overflow and also model the occurrence of large water level gradients.


New data is reported on the isotopic composition of cosmic rays with 9< or =Z< or =16 at Tapprox. =450 MeV per amu. The data show the presence of a considerable neutron-rich component of Mg and Ne, the measured mean masses being 24.3+-0.1 and 20.8+-0.1, respectively. Coupled with a calculation of the evolution of cosmic-ray isotopic abundances during propagation, these masses indicate that there is probably some neutron-rich material in this charge range at the cosmic-ray source. To explain the Ne mass requires more neutron-rich Ne at the source than is observed in solar system material. This result is discussed in light of recent theories of nucleosynthesis and cosmic-ray propagation. (AIP)


UNLIKE the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights upon which it was founded, the European Convention represents more than a " common standard of achievement." It imposes upon the Contracting State Parties a certain body of legal principles which they are obliged to conform to. In specific cases compliance with this law is ensured by the use of the Convention's enforcement machinery. Although the Convention forms an integral part of the domestic law of many of the Contracting State Parties, it is immaterial whether or not under a national legal system the Convention's provisions are deemed to be of a greater validity vis-d-vis prior or subsequent domestic legislation, since the system of implementation falls entirely outside the province of domestic law.' The basic function of this machinery-once an issue is brought before the Strasbourg organs--consists primarily of examining and determining whether domestic law as it stands complies with the provisions of the Convention. Reliance upon the traditional international law concepts of "nationality " or "reciprocity" is also unnecessary. Thus, although constructed upon tenets of traditional treaty law, the Convention law transcends the traditional boundaries drawn between international and domestic law. In short, the Convention is sui generis. Dr. A. H. Robertson has attempted to explain this phenomenon in the following terms.2 The law of the Convention (like European Community law) is neither domestic nor international law, although it comprises of elements of both. It is not simply a law applied by the Commission and Court of Human Rights since, on the one hand, the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe also apply it, and, on the other hand, domestic tribunals also do so. Robertson then adds


The synthesis of aragonite-type precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) were carried out by varying the reaction temperature and flow rate of gaseous CO2. Higher temperature and flow rate were favored for the synthesis of phase-pure aragonite-type PCC. The aspet ratio of aragonite-type PCC was controlled by the reaction temperature and CO2 (g) flow rate. At the same reaction temperature, the aspect ratio of aragonite-type PCC was increased upon increasing the flow rate. In addition, at the same flow rate, the increase in the reaction temperature resulted the higher aspect ratio of the resulitng aragonite-type PCC. The impact resistance and flexural modulus of polypropylene composite with 9 wt% of aragonitetype PCC were 85 J/m and 1000 MPa, respectively.


A timesharing benchmark was run on five different configurations of an IBM/370-168 system under the operating systems OS/VS2 Rel. 3 (MVS) and TSS/370 Rel. 2. Although the aim was to identify the configuration being best suited for both operating ~ystems, the measured data allowed also a comparison of MVS and TSS under di fferent workloads and configurations. The hardware configurations, the benchmark, the measurement procedure, and the measured data are presented. The results are discussed and an attempt is made to compare the performance of the different hardware/software configurations quanti tati vely. CONTENTS


We report dielectric constant measurements showing critical fluctuation-induced thinning of 4He films near the superfluid transition. The films are adsorbed on a stack of copper electrodes suspended at different heights above bulk liquid. We calibrate the measurements by assuming that the film thickness away from the transition region at different heights is accurately given by theory. The thinning is found to be consistent with finite-size scaling, if the value of the scaling function for each thickness is normalized by its value at the minimum.


The primary purpose of this paper is to analyze and evaluate a relatively recently proposed statistic, "Duncan's New Multiple Range Test," for use when the researcher's plans call for a test of significance between three or more group means.


Contracting relationships vary in the extent to which they are complete and involve formal contract specification as well as the extent to which they are based on strong relationships and rely on cooperation and trust. Where a contracting arrangement falls on these two continuums constitutes what this paper refers to as "relationship design" and is likely to impact contractor performance. We use data from a survey of child-care centers and Head Start agencies in Ohio to examine the association between the design of contracting relationships and contractor performance. Contractor performance is assessed in two ways: an objective measure of violations identified by government inspectors and a perceptual self-rated measure of performance reported by the contracted service providers. Measures of relationship design are constructed using multiple survey items and are included in multivariate regression analyses while controlling for a variety of organizational characteristics. Findings suggest that contracts involving stronger relationships are positively associated with child-care center performance, and more complete contracts are negatively associated with performance when performance is measured using contractor self-reports.


PET image reconstruction is challenging due to the ill-poseness of the inverse problem and limited number of detected photons. Recently deep neural networks have been widely applied to medical imaging denoising applications. In this work, based on the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm, we propose an unrolled neural network framework for PET image reconstruction, named EMnet. An innovative feature of the proposed framework is that the deep neural network is combined with the EM update steps in a whole graph. Thus data consistency can act as a constraint during network training. Both simulation data and real data are used to evaluate the proposed method. Quantification results show that our proposed EMnet method can outperform the neural network denoising and Gaussian denoising methods.


Employer branding is a marketing strategy that helps employers stay competitive in their markets. Although it is a concept used for over 20 years, its process and consequences have not yet been fully scrutinized. This study characterizes the employer branding implementation and the employers' perspective on it. By conducting ten semi-structured, in-depth interviews, the authors examine not only how employer branding practices have been applied, but also the role of human resources management in the process and used employee attraction and retention practices. The results suggest that although the employer branding process is not clearly structured, some stages can be identified as common. For that reason, the authors outline a stage divided framework and analyse each one of the identified stages. Furthermore, practical insights are provided about the company's departments roles and link them to the current state of the art. Finally, the authors suggest future investigation in particular stages of employer branding.


Based on mastering SOPC and Quartus II, designed UART IP Core, and an integrity design proposal is given out. The proposal is embedded in FPGA chip. The transmitter module, receiver module and baud rate generator are simulated and analyses. The experiments results show that the design method is compact and practical, and the circuit is stable, reliable, and strong flexibility.


Psychology has had an interest in human sexualities for a long time, but usually with the aim of identifying "the normal", limited to the acceptable for society, rendering other forms of sexuality pathological. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) (American Psychiatric Association) with diagnostic criteria for recognized mental illnesses included homosexuality until 1973. The conservativeness of psychology can also be illustrated by the fact that until the turn of the last century "queer theory passed by the heavily policed boundaries of psychology" (p. 26). Another memorable critical point is psychology's "heterosexism by commission", indicating that it explicitly assumes heterosexuality as norm (p. 47). A volume like this is long overdue. The acronym LGBTQ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transsexual, and Queer), which is fairly well accepted and spread, indicates that this is not a homogenous category, except in terms of all of these categories being rejected and discriminated against in a heteronormative world. Each group is specific and needs its own theorizing and empirical studies. New to me, but a rational and useful term is "mono-sexuality", referring to a person that does not shift between sexual categories during a lifetime. We all have experiences of friends and colleagues doing the opposite, and a term referring to those who do not shift becomes obvious and useful, challenging the normative. In this context the idea that sexuality and gender are unstable and even temporary categories is more common. Out in Psychology is an anthology built around four sections: "Histories and Commentaries", "Lives and Experiences", "Work and Leisure", and "Health and Practice", with altogether 21 chapters, consisting mostly of new research reports written especially for this volume. Living up to the inclusive aspirations, different groups within a specific category are explored, such as gay men with intellectual disabilities or the question of how to handle LGB youth in school settings. The chapters on transsexuality and bisexuality move far away from simple clinical labels. The chapters critique old research and theory, and present new results, many of which are first of their kind and include activist/practice aspects. LGBTQ psychology is not a unitary field, and there are rifts and controversies both


Tensor fields specifically, matrix valued data sets, have recently attracted increased attention in the fields of image processing, computer vision, visualization and medical imaging. In this paper, we present a novel definition of tensor "distance" grounded in concepts from information theory and incorporate it in the segmentation of tensor-valued images. In some applications, a symmetric positive definite (SPD) tensor at each point of a tensor valued image can be interpreted as the covariance matrix of a local Gaussian distribution. Thus, a natural measure of dissimilarity between SPD tensors would be the KL divergence or its relative. We propose the square root of the J-divergence (symmetrized KL) between two Gaussian distributions corresponding to the tensors being compared that leads to a novel closed form expression. Unlike the traditional Frobenius norm-based tensor distance, our "distance" is affine invariant, a desirable property in many applications. We then incorporate this new tensor "distance" in a region based active contour model for bimodal tensor field segmentation and show its application to the segmentation of diffusion tensor magnetic resonance images (DT-MRI) as well as for the texture segmentation problem in computer vision. Synthetic and real data experiments are shown to depict the performance of the proposed model.


Objective To investigate the distribution of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of angiotensin Ⅱtype 1 receptor (AT1) gene in east China Han population, and further to ascertain their relationship with coronary heart disease (CHD) in essential hypertension (EH). Methods SNPs detection was performed by PCR-sequencing. The genotypes were determined in 160 EH cases, 151 CHD cases and 185 EH complicated with CHD cases as well as 160 healthy controls. Results Six SNPs were discovered to belong to one haplotype block, among which -810T/A polymorphism was almost in the complete linkage disequilibrium with -713G/T, -214A/C, -213G/C and -153A/G polymorphisms. No statistical association was found between -810T/A polymorphism and EH, while the association of -810T/A polymorphism and CHD was of borderline significance. There were significant differences in the genotype distributions between the EH patients with CHD (TT=126, TA+AA=59) and the EH patients (TT=127, TA+AA=33, χ2=5.569, P=0.018) or the healthy controls (TT=130, TA+AA=30, χ2 =7.741, P=0.005). The EH patients with CHD had a significantly higher allele A frequency than the controls (0.181 vs 0.106, χ2=7.690, P=0.006) and the EH subjects (0.181 vs 0.125, χ2=4.119, P=0.042). Conclusions The -810T/A polymorphism of AT1 gene appears to be a genetic risk factor for EH with CHD in east China Han population.


PEGylation is the most successful approach, to date, to prolong the in vivo survival of recombinant proteins. The conjugation of the polymer to glycoproteins results in challenging analysis, and furthermore, requires a wide variety of analytical tools for the determination of the extent of PEGylation. Herein, we present microchip capillary gel electrophoresis (MCGE) with a non‐commercial high‐molecular‐weight protein assay for the analysis of the PEGylation degree with a focus on multiple PEGylation. To show the potential of the modified MCGE system, high‐mass PEGylated glycoproteins (e.g. coagulation factor VIII) were analyzed. For the von Willebrand factor, the influence of glycans and the hydrodynamic radius on migration time and molecular weight determination is shown. The modified MCGE assay system is a powerful tool for the rapid assessment of the degree of PEGylation, demonstrating conjugate quality or reaction control of PEGylated proteins. This is the main advantage over time‐consuming conventional SDS‐PAGE. Furthermore, electrophoretic separation, staining, destaining, and fluorescence detection in one step combined with automated data analysis show that the MCGE system is a promising technique for high‐throughput monitoring. The MCGE system can be used for rapid structure confirmation ("MCGE fingerprinting") of multiply PEGylated glycoproteins beyond the 230 kDa molecular mass range.


In this paper, we present an efficient instruction set architecture using vector register file hardware to accelerate operation of general matrixvector operations in DSP microprocessor. The technique enables in-situ row-access as well as column access to the register files. It can reduce the number of memory access significantly. The technique is especially useful for block-based video signal processing kernels such as FFT/IFFT, DCT/IDCT, and two-dimensional filtering. We have applied the new instruction set architecture to in-loop deblocking filter processing in H.264 decoder. Performance comparisons show that the required load/store operations for the in-loop deblocking filter can be reduced about 42%. The architecture would improve the processing speed, and code density in DSP microprocessor especially for video signal processing substantially.


The article deals with the organizational and supporting principles of the activity of the jury as the component of judicial control. The normative acts on the judicial management in the ensuring of the activity of the jury is analyzed, the directions of organizational support of the jury activity provided by the subjects of judicial management are revealed and systematized, as well as the existing issues and ways of their solution are determined. Keywords: judicial management, the jury, State Court Administration of Ukraine, organizational support of the jury's activity, court apparatus


wide variety of subject matter is included. There are biblical and theological studies which aim at the clarification of the Catholic as over against the Jewish posit ion (e.g. "Abraham Heschel and Prayer," "The Trial of the Messiah," "The Jewish Burial Service," "The Community of Qumran," to select a few titles at random). There are discussions of various cases, both current and recent, of discrimination against, or persecution or slander of, the Jews and a clarification of the church's position with regard to them. Among these may be cited, inter alia, a treatment of the Dreyfus case, and a splendid exposé (if one is needed, and it seems that it is) of the Protocols of the Elders of Zion. There are sketches of the life and work of contemporary figures of note of Jewish background, such as Simone Weil. There are reviews of books of interest to readers concerned with the area under discussion. And much more. The articles are written, as one would expect , from the point of view of Roman Catholic dogma, but they are without exception courteous and irenic in tone and, for the most part, presented with a laudable fairness. Almost anyone is certain to find something of interest somewhere in these volumes. It is hoped that Protestants will read and will, as they do so, be stimulated to ask themselves how better our own branch of the church can approach this problem and this task—a task which is ours also and which must not be shirked.


This paper aims to explore the use of industrial cotton waste as an alternative of virgin cotton and to understand the effects of recycling process in the global quality of reclaimed fiber. It also tries to predict the quality of the mix of recycled fiber with virgin cotton using mathematical approach.The global quality of recycled fibers was investigated using single criteria like Mean Length (ML), Span Length (SL 2.5 )… and with complex criteria such as Fiber Quality Index (FQI) and Spinning Consistency Index (SCI). The blending fibers properties were simulated mathematically. The ML, SL 2.5 , Upper Half Mean Length (UHML), Upper Quality Length (UQL), Fineness and Uniformity Ratio (UR) were analyzed according to the simulation results which were reported by experimental analysis using R² as correlation coefficient. The optimum quality of reclaimed fiberswasselected with the consideration of FQI and SCI plots. The blend of recycled fibers with Malian fibers was selected as the beneficial mix. Under the optimum recycling condition, the effect of recycled fibers (40%, 50%, 60% and 75%) on the irregularity and the tenacity of blended yarn were evaluated. It was shown that the CVm %, Thinness 30%/Km, Thickness 30%/km, Neps 280%/m andHairiness % of obtained yarn increase by 20%, 13%, 32%, 50% and 20%, respectively, when the ratio of recycled fibers increase from 40% to 75%. While the tenacity of obtained yarn decrease by 16%.The use of yarn based on recycled fibers suggests the recent and progress demand for special DENIM woven in particular is met, at least partially, through this way.


Objective To investigate the clinical value of transcranial Doppler (TCD) in cerebral lacuna infarct. Methods TCD examination was performed on 30 patients of cerebral lacuna infarct confirmed by CT and MRI. The differenices on TCD were analyzed. Results Most of 30 patients suffered from headache, dizzy and limbs anaesthesia. TCD showed the changes of blood flow velocity due to convulsion of cerebral vessels and shortage of blood supply. Conclusion TCD can detectet the changes of hemodynamics of patients with cerebral lacuna infarct suffered from different symptoms.


Two novel tri(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine-based organic dyes were designed, synthesized and applied as photosensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells. The superiority of the starburst structure of these dyes is suppressing the intermolecular interactions and guaranteeing a fast electron injection into the TiO2 semiconductor. Cyanoacrylic acid and rhodanine-3-acetic acid were separately used as electron acceptors/anchoring groups to compose the photosensitizers. Different acceptors led to striking changes in the photophysical, electrochemical and photovoltaic properties. An overall power conversion efficiency of 6.53% with a short-circuit photocurrent density of 13.4 mA cm−2, an open-circuit photovoltage of 735 mV and a fill factor of 0.66 was achieved by the dye with tri(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine as the donor and cyanoacrylic acid as the acceptor under AM 1.5 illumination (100 mW cm−2).


In the framework of a specific scheme of the QCD sum rules for S wave levels of the heavy quarkonium, one derives an expression, relating the energetic density of quarkonium states and universal characteristics in the heavy quarkonium physics, such as the difference between the masses of a heavy quark Q and meson ( Q ¯ q ) and the number of heavy quarkonium levels below the threshold of ( Q ¯ Q ) → ( Q ¯ q ) + ( ¯ Qq ) decay.


The aim of the essay is to analyse who is represented in urban space in three vision and action documents published by Lunds municipality. By using Norman Faircloughs critical discourse analysis as method the discourses in the material is located. From there the vision and actions are analysed through the theoretical framework Torsten Hagerstrands theory of time geography constrains and David Harveys understanding of the room. Through the located discourses in the three documents different measurements are being set in place depending on who is represented in the documents. The first document presents Lunds city and its society as being shifted towards sustainability. Throughout the document the group represented is furthermost future generations. The second document presents a city that is accessible to both people living in the periphery and people living in the city centre. However, the accessibility is mainly directed towards visitors and thereby to the city. Due to Lund being a sprawled urban area this might lead to heavier traffic and result in a lowered accessibility with in the urban centre. The final document views the city as a solely economic entity, and thereby put forward actions to change the urban space in order to suite the consuming visitor. (Less)


The quenching of the photocurrent and photo-Hall effect of several undoped semi-insulating gallium arsenide samples has been measured and compared with the deep-level photoluminescence spectra from neighboring samples. Samples that show either EL2 (0.68 eV) or EL0 (0.63 eV) photoluminescence have distinctly different photocurrent quenching behaviors. EL2 samples show a photocurrent decrease of several orders of magnitude, and a change from n-type to p-type conduction during quenching at 80 K with 1.1 eV light. EL0 samples show a reduction in photocurrent of less than an order of magnitude with no change in the carrier type at this temperature. Photo-Hall effect experiments at 80 K indicate that the conduction is n-type for the EL0 samples, but changes from nto p-type during the quench for the EL2 samples. The temperature dependence of the quenching has also been studied. EL2 samples show little variation in the range 10-80 K, while EL0 samples show significant quenching similar to EL2 after the temperature is reduced below 70 K. These results indicate that defects other than EL2 can significantly affect photocurrent quenching experiments.


It has been recently demonstrated that integrated optics could enhance accuracy, stability, and ease of use of stellar interferometry techniques. The subject of this thesis is the study of an optical component based on singlemode waveguides for the coherent recombining of optical beams coming from four telescopes. Proposed architecture provides a simultaneous an instantaneous measurement of complex visibility of interferometric signals of the six possible pairs of telescopes. The component is optimized for achromatic behaviour over the H spectral transparency band of atmosphere and integrates an original achromatic phase shifter in order to obtain four phase quadrature states of interferometric fringes. Optical characterisation results obtained on devices realized by deposition and etching of silica layers on silicon substrate confirm theoretical predictions et enabled the study of more complex components at the heart of second generation instrumentation projects of the VLTI (Very Large Telescope Interferometer) This study shows that proposed architecture can be extended to J and K spectral bands, can be applied for the recombination of beams coming from six and even eight telescopes and could also be applied to realise a fringe tracker.


Abstract This article, written by Josephine Bailey and Kate Faulkner, discusses the collection of library usage data at the Squire Law Library, an academic law library embedded in the Faculty of Law at the University of Cambridge. Two initiatives were employed to survey usage: firstly, regular headcounts of library users and secondly, occasional spot-checks of university cards. This article details the data that was collected and how it fits into a wider ethnographic approach to understanding how students and researchers use libraries. The article also discusses how the pilots have developed into long-term procedures, and how this has led to improvements to the delivery of the service.


Analogue backbone cyclized somatostatin incorporating at least one structural unit containing said structural unit a nitrogen atom of the peptide backbone connected to a bridging group comprising amide, tioter, thioester or disulfide, wherein at least one structural unit connected via said bridging group to form a cyclic structure with a moiety selected from the group consisting of a second structural unit, the side chain of an amino acid residue of the sequence or the N-terminal amino acid residue having the following general formula 7: No. formula 7 wherein n is 1 to 5; X represents a terminal carboxylic acid, an amide or alcohol group; Q is hydrogen or a mono- or disaccharide R5 is gamma-aminobutyric acid, diaminobutyric acid, Gly, beta-Ala, 5-aminopentanoic acid or amino hexanoic acid; R6 is (D) - or (L) -Phe or Tyr; R7 is (D) - or (L) -Trp, (D) - or (L) -Phe, (D) - or (L) - 1Nal or (D) - or (L) - 2Nal, or Tyr; R8 is (D) - or (L) -Trp; R9 is (D) - or (L) -Lys; R10 is Thr, Gly, Abu, Ser, Cys, Val, (D) - or (L) -Ala, or (D) - or (L) -Phe; R11 is (D) - or (L) -Phe, (D) - or (L) -Ala, Nle, or Cys; R12 is Gly, Val, Leu, (D) - or (L) -Phe or 1Nal or 2Nal;


Serviceability limit states including cracking are of increasing importance and often dominate the design of reinforced concrete structures. Furthermore, actual crack widths and their shape play an important role in the assessment of service life of existing reinforced concrete structures. Crack width is inherently a random variable of considerable scatter due to randomness of material properties, geometry of the structure, loading and model uncertainty in crack width estimates. The state-of-the-art concepts for serviceability verifications were recently presented in fib Model Code 2010 that is jointly with Eurocode EN 1992-1-1 considered as key background materials in this study. To assess the sufficiency of code requirements and design procedures, crack widths of water retaining structures are investigated in detail using probabilistic methods of structural reliability. The current codes seem to be well calibrated to reach a target reliability index of 1.5 in the serviceability limit states. The two variables dominating structural reliability are uncertainty in crack width model and concrete cover. Numerous topics need to be further investigated including revision of crack width limits, improvements of mechanical models, quantification of model uncertainty, methodology for load combinations, treatment of spatial variability for large structures, and optimisation of target reliabilities.


Recent years have seen a great surge of interest in design and development of wireless systems around disruptive technology of Xilinx Zynq Ultra Scale+ RFSoC (System on Chip) devices featuring higher throughputs, lower hardware latencies, and components count. In this paper, we have evaluated the performance of first generation of such devices from the view point of inherent loopback latencies using ZCU111 evaluation kit manufactured by Xilinx Inc. The on-chip radio frequency data converters (RFDC) have been operated at the sampling rate of 4GSPS. The observed latencies comprised of wider range and have found to be dependent upon several system parameters such as sampling rate, samples per clock cycle, clock frequency and decimation/interpolation factors for digital down converters (DDCs) and digital up converters (DUCs). Moreover, it has been observed that processing with real signals provide best and worst case latencies of 108nsec and 248nsec respectively while operated at a maximum clock of 500MHz. The similar best case values for complex (I/Q) signals have found to be 246ns at a clock of 250MHz. Worst case hardware latencies for both types of processing are 339ns approximately when operated at a minimum clock of 62.5MHz at RFDC rate of 4GSPS. These values are significantly lower as compared to the hardware latencies offered by other software defined radios (SDR) of analog devices such as AD9361. The results show that Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+ RFSoC devices are a breakthrough in wireless systems for meeting challenging requirements in time critical systems like defense, radars, 5G and LTE wireless communications, aerospace, and as testing instruments.


Aim  Our aim in this paper is to present the first broad‐scale quantification of species abundance for rocky intertidal communities along the Pacific coast of North America. Here we examine the community‐level marine biogeographical patterns in the context of formerly described biogeographical regions, and we evaluate the combined effects of geographical distance and environmental conditions on patterns of species similarity across this region.


This paper presents theory and experiment to perform a pattern recognition task. The task is to detect a mine in visual imagery, using a training algorithm. The marginal statistics for the data windows around potential targets are collected using a lexicode approach. Theoretical results supporting the lexicode's ability to perform such a task are presented. Preprocessing of the data is performed prior to the application of the lexicode. Discussion is given on the theoretical foundations and the preprocessing of the data, with future research activities outlined.


Abstract In a stinging critique of the work of Danh Vo, Claire Bishop argues that he reduces moments of historical significance to pretexts for ornamental displays. In stressing the need for sustained engagement with historical trauma, she aligns herself with Theodor Adorno and others who have identified a waning historical consciousness in modern society and culture. Writers descended from Adorno have put forward models for an art of remembrance, including 'memory sculpture' (Andreas Huyssen) and the 'counter-monument' (James Young). A closer examination of Vo's work suggests that he borrows elements of both of these models in works that display powerful but contrasting investments in the past. Bishop's analysis is harsh. The ornamental motifs that dismayed her are crucial to a practice in which the continuing relevance of the past is established through the conflict between different attitudes to the objects it leaves behind.


Dynamic thermal gradient-based processes for directed self-assembly of block copolymer (BCP) thin films such as cold zone annealing (CZA) have demonstrated much potential for rapidly fabricating highly ordered patterns of BCP domains with facile orientation control. As a demonstration, hexagonally packed predominantly vertical cylindrical morphology, technologically relevant for applications such as membranes and lithography, was achieved in 1 μm thick cylinder-forming PS-b-PMMA (cBCP) films by applying sharp thermal gradients (CZA-Sharp) at optimum sample sweep rates. A thorough understanding of the molecular level mechanisms and pathways of the BCP ordering that occur during this CZA-S process is presented, useful to fully exploit the potential of CZA-S for large-scale BCP-based device fabrication. To that end, we developed a customized CZA-S assembly to probe the dynamic structure evolution and ordering of the PS-b-PMMA cBCP film in situ as it undergoes the CZA-S process using the grazing incidence sma...


This chapter examines conservatism toward the fall of the Soviet Union. Mikhail Gorbachev's efforts to reform the Soviet system politically and economically through the policies of glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring) failed. In the late 1980s, the situation in the Soviet Union continued to deteriorate. Political opposition to communism grew rapidly, especially among some of the country's non-Russian national minorities. The three Baltic republics demanded independence. The Soviet Union teetered closer to the brink of collapse, triggering a conservative backlash among those wanting to preserve what they could of the existing order. This reached its culmination in August 1991 in a failed coup d'état against Gorbachev. Following this, the communist system disintegrated extremely quickly, and on December 25, 1991, the Soviet Union officially ceased to exist.


To the Editor: Adequate nodal staging is of unrenounceable importance in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer after preoperative radiochemotherapy. Persistent positive nodal status after multimodal therapy predicts unfavorable outcome and significantly poorer disease free and overall survival. Standardized surgical procedures including quality assessed total mesorectal excision and also extended pathologic diagnostics with recovery and evaluation of a reliable number of mesorectal lymph nodes are essential mainstays in interdisciplinary therapy of rectal cancer. Hence the article of Rullier et al picks up a very important approach in endeavor of understanding the biology of rectal cancer and advancing therapy options. They investigated the total number of mesorectal lymph nodes and also the nodal status and their impact on survival in 495 rectal cancer patients without and after preoperative treatment. However, some major critical points make us consider the presented results not sufficiently reliable: 1. A high number of 221 cancers (45%) were described as low lying (0 to 5 cm from anal verge). This rate seems rather underappreciated by the number of only 68 abdominoperineal resections (14%). This might demonstrate a problem of clinical staging and accurate localization of tumor level particularly as rigid rectoscopy did not belong to pretherapeutical staging procedures. 2. Pretherapeutical staging results remain unclear concerning the Union International Center Cancer status of patients. The authors do not announce whether the 72 tumors classified as uT1-2 belong to the category with positive nodal status (cUICC III) or correspond to cUICC I status. It is well known that disease free and also overall survival in colorectal cancer is strongly stage dependent and any correlation with survival data has to be accomplished according to reliable staging results. 3. In this study, surgical procedures comprised total mesorectal excision in case of low and mid-lying rectal cancers (0 to 10 cm from anal verge) but partial mesorectal excision for upper rectal cancers (10 to 15 cm from anal verge), respecting 15% of the study population. Concerning lymph node retrieval, as a matter of fact, partial mesorectal excision leads to limited nodal yield because lymph node containing mesorectal soft tissue is still left in situ. This has to be considered comparing variable aspects like total number of mesorectal lymph nodes against the background of different surgical procedures. 4. Although circumferential involvement has obviously been evaluated (results not shown), no detailed data are presented concerning microscopic resection status (''All patients had a macroscopic curative pelvic excision''). This implicates that the study population contains patients with R0 and R1 status in undisclosed proportion. Given that resection status is one of the strongest prognostic parameters, survival analyses should only be interpreted with caution. 5. Surgical or pathologic quality assessment seems not to be implemented in the study design. Completeness and integrity of the removed mesorectal compartment not only substantiates adequate lymphadenectomy and reliable nodal staging but directly influences cancer recurrence and patients' survival. 6. The authors did likewise not provide details regarding the size of detected lymph nodes. Preoperative radiation is known to reduce lymph node size significantly and might therefore cause decreased nodal recovery when only manual and macroscopic retrieval is performed. This may explain the considerable high rate (41%) of specimens with less than 12 detected nodes.


Chronic crowding within housing adversely affects psychological well-being, yet little is known about how design attributes contribute to these effects, especially among children. This cross-sectional study first examined associations between residential interior density and children's (M = 9 years of age) perceived bedroom and home crowding. Second, analyses investigated whether interior design attributes (residential floor plan arrangement measured by space syntax [depth and permeability]; bedroom ceiling height, volume, and window area) buffer negative effects of perceived crowding on multimethodological indices of child development, including psychological distress, learned helplessness, and physiological stress. After adjusting for home type, clutter, income, gender, and age, interior density was significantly associated with perceived home and bedroom crowding. Regression results suggested that bedroom ceiling height was associated with reduced negative effects of home, but not bedroom, perceived crowding on blood pressure, epinephrine, norepinephrine, and allostatic load among participants who reported higher levels of perceived crowding.


In Spring 2013 the British Educational Research Association and the Royal Society of Arts entered into a partnership to enquire into and report on the role of research in teacher education. This brought together two powerful and important organisations, one being the leading educational research community in Britain and the other a major national organisation that was founded in the Victorian era in order to promote the arts and manufacturing but has recently taken an active role in a variety of social fields, including education. It is clear that the commissioning of this report was occasioned by concerns about the diminution in the role of universities in teacher education in the UK as a whole but especially in England that has occurred over the period of two decades. The importance of this document is, of course, heightened by the accelerating movement to school-based forms of training in recent years. Indeed, there are those who now suggest that universities may soon have little, if any, role in the field of teacher training in England if government policy is not amended swiftly. The final report of the enquiry was published in May 2014 and was entitled: Research and the Teaching Profession: Building the Capacity for a Self-Improving Education System. In the foreword to the report John Fielding, Professor of Education at the University of Oxford, and Chair of the enquiry steering group, states that the organisation came together to:


Precision requirements in ultra-precision machining are often given in the order of micrometers or sub-micrometers. Machining at these levels requires precise control of the position and speed of the machine tool axes. Furthermore, in machining of brittle materials, extremely low feed rates of the machine tool axes are required. At these low feed rates there is a large and erratic friction characteristic in the drive system which standard PID controllers are unable to deal with. In order to achieve the desired accuracies, friction must be accurately compensated in the real-time servo control algorithm. A learning controller based on the CMAC algorithm is studied for this task.


THIS specimen was removed from Mrs. C. (a patient of Dr. A. E. Stoker), aged 45; no children. She had been suffering from severe attacks of pain in the abdomen lasting for some weeks and coming on every few months. She also complained of great weakness, which has been getting worse for the last three years. Menstruation was irregular. Two to three months had been missed several times, and then a profuse loss occurred, lasting for fourteen days. The bladder usually acted normally, but during the attacks of pain she suffered from frequency of micturition, and on two occasions from retention. Constipation is a prominent symptom, which causes a great deal of trouble. On examination the pelvis. was found to be filled by a large mass, impacted, and consisting of a retroverted uterus enlarged by multiple fibromata. The swelling extended above the pubes half-way to the umbilicus. On the left could be felt a round elastic swelling the size of a small orange, and on the right side a larger, somewhat round, hard tumour. At the operation on November 29, 1911, evidence of old peritonitis was found, in the shape of numerous adhesions of the small intestine to the pedunculated myoma undergoing degeneration. The elastic swelling on the left side was produced by a cystic ovary. The large mass was found to be a retroverted uterus with several fibromata impacted in the pelvis. After separating the adhesions and removing the enlarged MH-13


This paper presents a controller for operating the generator-side ac-dc power electronic converter (PEC) of a grid-connected permanent magnet generator (PMG)-based wind energy conversion system (WECS) that has battery storage units (BSUs). The proposed controller is developed based on the Lagrangian Relaxation unit commitment (LRUC) method to determine the command electromagnetic torque, $T_{e}^{\ast}$ to be developed by the PMG at each wind speed. The value of $T_{e}^{\ast}$ is set to adjust the power produced by the PMG in order to meet the power demands of the generator-side PEC and BSUs. The LRUC-based controller is implemented for performance testing on a grid-connected 7.5 kW PMG-based WECSs with 4.44 kW BSUs. Performance tests are conducted for changes in the wind speed, active and reactive power delivered to the host grid, and system parameters. Test results show that the LRUC-based controller is capable of adjusting the power produced by the PMG to meet the power demands of the generator-side PEC and BSUs. This capability is found to have minor sensitivity to the changes in wind speeds, levels of the power delivery to the host grid, and state-of-charge of BSUs.


In information systems, a transaction may illegally read data stored in an object which the transaction is not allowed to read is stored in the object. A transaction illegally writes data to an object after issuing illegal read. A transaction suspiciously reads data in a suspicious object whose data is not allowed to flow to some object. A transaction impossibly writes data to an object after issuing suspicious read. In our previous studies, the write-abortion (WA) role-based synchronisation (RBS) and object-based synchronisation (OBS) protocols are proposed where a transaction illegally or impossibly writes data to objects is aborted. In this paper, we newly propose a pair of read-write-abortion (RWA) RBS and OBS protocols where a transaction is aborted only if the transaction issues an illegal read or impossible write to an object. In the evaluation, the execution time of each transaction in RWA protocols is shorter than the WA protocols.


As one of the scientific events of the 5th International Congress on Industrial and Applied Mathematics held in Sydney, Australia, in the period of July 7–11, 2003, the mini-symposium entitled Inverse Problems: Methods and Applications took place. As an outcome of such mini-symposium, six full papers were approved for publication in this special issue of the journal Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering (IPSE). These papers represent a good balance between some of the fundamental concepts in inverse problems and some interesting applications of such problems. They were internationally refereed, each of them being evaluated by three reviewers. Therefore, we must acknowledge those colleagues whose anonymous work is greatly appreciated. Thanks are also due to the authors who have worked hard to prepare the full versions of their papers. Finally, we are greatly indebted to Prof. George S. Dulikravich, Founder and Editorin-Chief of the IPSE journal who kindly approved the publication of this special issue at the very first moment we presented him our proposal, and also for his support along the entire review process.


Africa has been at the centre of world interest and competitive power positioning by foreign states, interests and companies, as well as local ethnicities and elites for the last 150 years. It has now become a cockpit again for a new surge of interests - this time in respect of oil and gas resources as great powers, mid-range states, African polities and the corporate oil interests of global, regional and local players vie for position, privilege and ascendance.


Method of providing a dry lubricant coating on a bearing surface by cleaning the surface to remove contami nants, maintaining the surface in an essentially atomically clean condition and impinging discrete particles of a layer lat tice structured dry lubricant against the clean bearing surface with sufficient energy to cause the particles to become diffu sion bonded to the bearing surface.


The establishment of the system of financial analysis is an important content to perfect the theory of financial analysis in the field of financial work .Such a system should meet the demands in both sides—scientific and practical.The method of quantitative analysis and the method of qualitative analysis should be used to realize the complete,systematic and scientific system of financial analysis for the purpose of enhancing the function of the financial analysis.


Hepatocellular carcinoma is a common malignancy. The carcinoma cells express glypican‐3 (GPC‐3) on the cell membrane. GPC‐3 is also expressed in melanoma cells. Therefore, GPC‐3 might be a potential target for tumor imaging or therapy. Here, proteomic mass spectrometry was used to identify peptides that target GPC‐3‐expressing tumors. A mammalian expression vector expressing a FLAG‐GPC‐3 fusion protein was cloned for immunoprecipitation. With the use of liposomes, the vector was transfected into HepG2 (HepG2/FLAG‐GPC‐3) and HEK 293 cells, and the transfected cell lines were selected with geneticin. HepG2/FLAG‐GPC‐3 cells were used for immunoprecipitation of FLAG‐GPC‐3 fusion protein. Seven peptide candidates (L1–L7) were selected for GPC‐3‐targeting ligands by mass spectrometric analysis. The L5 peptide with 14 amino acids (Arg‐Leu‐Asn‐Val‐Gly‐Gly‐Thr‐Tyr‐Phe‐Leu‐Thr‐Thr‐Arg‐Gln) showed selective binding to the GPC‐3‐expressing tumor cells, as did a shortened L5 peptide (L5‐2) with seven amino acids (Tyr‐Phe‐Leu‐Thr‐Thr‐Arg‐Gln). These peptide ligands have potential as targeting moieties to GPC‐3‐expressing tumors for diagnostic and/or therapeutic purposes. Copyright © 2011 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In recent decades, genre analysis has attracted many researchers' attention. The present study was to observe the differences in generic structure of doctoral dissertation acknowledgements texts written by native speakers of Persian (NSP) and native speakers of English (NSE). To this end, 80 Persian acknowledgement texts and the same number of English dissertations acknowledgement texts were selected. The model relied on in the current study was Hyland's (2004) model. After analyzing each text the main moves and their steps were extracted and the frequencies of each one were calculated and compared. Also, chi-square test was applied to check the meaningfulness of the differences. The result revealed a high degree of match between the two groups in exploiting most moves and steps. Also, the two groups employed the reflective move and accepting responsibility step in a statistically meaningful manner. In addition, a new step called ''thanking God'' step was discovered throughout this study which the difference in using this step between NSP and NSE was statistically significant.


ABSTRACT: Oncogenes are identified functionally by their ability to induce neoplastic transformation of susceptible cells. The first oncogenes to be characterized were isolated from acutely transforming retroviruses. Subsequently, it was determined that the retroviral oncogenes were formed from normal, progenitor genes. These cellular homologs of the viral oncogenes are termed proto‐oncogenes. The derivation of oncogenes from proto‐oncogenes is the consequence of mutations that remove regulatory constraints from the proto‐oncogene. The ability of oncogenes to induce transformation implies that proto‐oncogenes may function in growth and differentiation pathways in normal cells. Although many proto‐oncogenes have been defined, the normal physiological function of most is not known. Studies of proto‐oncogene expression during normal game‐togenesis have determined that some genes are expressed in a stage‐specific manner. The use of germ cells to provide homogeneous and defined normal cell populations facilitates identifying the roles proto‐oncogenes have in regulating cell growth and differentiation.


BS>Living, nonirradiated, centrifeged giant amoebae were separated into light and heavy halves which were then injected by fusion into different supralethally x-irradiated cells. Heavy, centrifugal portions of cells centrifuged for 10 minutes nt forces which ranged from 700 g to 30,000 g brought about recovery from supralethal x-ray injury. These heavy portions contained the nuclei and most of the mitochondria. The percentage of light halves capable of preventing death after fusion decreased in a linear manner from the 92% produced by noncentrifuged, nonirradiated whole protoplasm to some 3% produced by light halves centrifuged at 5000 g. Light halves of cells centrifuged at forces grenter than fhis were even less capable of preventing death. The nonirradiated nuclei do not appear to be required by the lethally irradiated cell for recovery providing nonirradiated cytoplasm is present. Exposed nuclei recover and divide repentedly after fnsion. The need of lethally irradiated cells for nonirradiated mitochondria appears to be negligible. Cell division occurred at normal time intervals in the irradiated cells which received nonirradiated heavy hanlves. Many of the light halves centri-fuged at the lower forces also produced this result. The 0.1 to 0.3 mu particulates which do not stain with acidfuchsin, and/or the cytoplasmmore » which contains them, appear to have the capacity to prevent death in supralethally x-irradiated organisms. The migration of these particulates out of the light portions into the heavy portions during centrifugation is closely correlated with the loss in therapeutic value of the light portions. (auth)« less


]pyrazine-1,3-dione derivatives acting as aldose reducta se inhibitors. While the spirosuccinimide compoundscontain a chiral center, the aldose reductase inhibition assay was performed with racemic mixtures in thepublished work. As the physicochemical descriptors of the QSAR analysis must be evaluated for a definitemolecular structure, we devise a new "racemic" descriptor as the arithmetic mean of the (


The pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of α‐synuclein (α‐Syn), eventually resulting in the formation of Lewy bodies and neurites in surviving neurons in the brain. Although α‐Syn aggregation has been extensively studied in vitro, there is limited in vivo knowledge on α‐Syn aggregation. Here, we used the powerful genetics of Drosophila melanogaster and developed an in vivo assay to monitor α‐Syn accumulation by using a bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay. We found that both genetic and pharmacologic manipulations affected α‐Syn accumulation. Interestingly, we also found that alterations in the cellular protein degradation mechanisms strongly influenced α‐Syn accumulation. Administration of compounds identified as risk factors for Parkinson's disease, such as rotenone or heavy metal ions, had only mild or even no impact on α‐Syn accumulation in vivo. Finally, we show that increasing phosphorylation of α‐Syn at serine 129 enhances the accumulation and toxicity of α‐Syn. Altogether, our study establishes a novel model to study α‐Syn accumulation and illustrates the complexity of manipulating proteostasis in vivo.—Prasad, V., Wasser, Y., Hans, F., Goswami, A., Katona, I., Outeiro, T. F., Kahle, P. J., Schulz, J. B., Voigt, A. Monitoring α‐synuclein multimerization in vivo. FASEB J. 33, 2116–2131 (2019). www.fasebj.org


In order to achieve its high expression in Bacillus subtilis,carbonyl reductase gene mldh was amplified by PCR with the template of chromosome DNA from Morganella morganii CMCC(B) 49208 and connected with promoter PQ and promoter p43 to obtain different expression plasmids PHY-p43-mldh,PHY-PQ-mldh,PHY-p43-p43-mldh,and PHY-p43-PQ-mldh.Subsequently,these recombined vectors were transformed into B.subtilis Wb600.SDS-PAGE analysis of recombinants.And whole cellular biotransformation showed that there was distinctive difference among the four recombinants,in which the B.subtilis Wb600(PHY-p43-p43-mldh) could obtain the highest concentration(142.1 mg/L) of d-pseudoephedrine in conversion solution and the mole ratio of substrate was 78.25%.