It is shown that the interaction of charge carriers quantized in a 2D channel, both with each other and with inhomogeneities, has a fundamental influence on their probability of tunneling into the bulk. and as a result there is a slowing down in the decrease of elecmn density with distance for camers with a nonzero kinetic energy of motion along the surface. In the multi-valley case an additional increase in the tunneling probability is obtained, caused by the decrease of the mass in the tunneling direction due to virtual intervalley scattering. Somewhat analogous behavior appears in the presence of a magnetic field parallel to the surface.


A series of lanthanide–naphthalenedicarboxylates–modified TiO2 (Ln(NDC)-TiO2) photocatalysts were prepared via simple hydrothermal method using Tm, Er, Nd, Ho, Eu, Tb, Yb, or La as metal and 2,6-naphthenedicarboxylic acid as ligand. The photocatalysts were characterized by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The photocatalytic properties were investigated by employing the photodegradation of phenol in the aqueous phase as a model pollutant. To provide insight into the reactive individuals participating in the degradation mechanism, a test with scavengers was also performed.


We consider weights $w$ and their cut-offs: $w_a(t)=w(t)$ if $w(t)\le a$ and $w_a(t)=a$ if $w(t)> a$. We consider a generalized $A_p$-``norm'' and prove that the ``norm'' of $w_a$ is not greater then the ``norm'' of $w$. Our proof in the case $w\in A_2$ is especially simple.


We consider recovering the jointly sparse multichannel signals from incomplete and noisy measurements. We take the approach of penalized least squares with the penalty given by the ell2,1 norm of the unknown regression coefficients. In contrast to recent efforts on the worstcase analysis, the average case analysis demonstrates more optimistic support recovery results under weaker assumptions. A two-stage procedure is also proposed for estimating the signals across all channels, and is shown to be better on average MSE than the oracle least squares projection. It is indeed proven to be within a small factor to the best procedure possible. The numerical performance of the procedures is also considered.


Pandemic in the form of Covid-19 is a new type of disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus or Corona virus which can cause health problems in the form of respiratory system disorders, starting from mild symptoms such as flu, to lung infections, such as pneumonia. To maintain body immunity against Covid 19, nutritious food ingredients in the form of catfish are needed. Catfish is a type of fish that has a high economic value, where apart from being easy to cultivate, this fish also contains very high nutrients, namely 17.63% protein, 1.07% ash, 2.23% fat (DW), 12.14%, fat (WW), moisture content 81.57%, 47.15% saturated fatty acids, MUFA 40.41%, PUFA 12.45%. Therefore, it is very good for consumption during a pandemic. However, not everyone likes to consume catfish fresh, so it is processed in the form of catfish noodles. To increase consumer preference for catfish noodles, natural dyes from spinach and carrots are added which will give green and orange colors and attract consumers, so that ultimately nutrient-rich noodles are produced. This activity was carried out with 10 participants by implementing health protocols that aim to provide insight and practical knowledge to community groups in Rumbai Bukit Village, Rumbai District about fish noodle processing techniques so that they can increase family income, especially during the pandemic. The enthusiasm of the participants was very high so that the activity went smoothly. From the post-test results, it was found that 100% of the participants had understood the diversification techniques of fishery product processing.


Copyright policy of Taylor & Francis, the publisher of this journal: 'Green' Open Access = deposit of the Accepted Manuscript (after peer review but prior to publisher formatting) in a repository, with non-commercial reuse rights, with an Embargo period from date of publication of the final article. The embargo period for journals within the Social Sciences and the Humanities (SSH) is usually 18 months


The preferences for some vegetables and fruits, and the factors affecting their preferences were investigated among the university students. The cucumbers, tomatoes and radishes were mostly preferred vegetables, and salads and juices - mostly favoured ways of their consumption. Among fruits the peaches, cherries, strawberries and grapes, i.e. soft fruits of the sweet taste, were mostly chosen. The main factors influencing the preferences were freshness and taste for both groups of products, and appearance for fruits. For both vegetables and fruits the advertising and fashion were the least significant factors of food choice. The influence of sex on the rankings of vegetables and fruits, and on their choice factors was insignificant. Certain vegetables (endive, aubergine, pattypan squash, broccoli) and fruits (avocado, mango, grenades) were unknown for important fraction of students.


This article is one of a series review articles discussing the applications of color science to the clinical practice of dentistry. In this segment, the basic perception of color by humans, as well as, tests for color visual acuity is discussed.


While it is relatively easy to map out mutual cultural influences between Jews and non-Jews, it is much more difficult to map out the mechanisms of this cultural exchange. Such instances of cultural exchange may have happened indirectly, for example, through books, as Joanna Weinberg termed it, through "virtual contact"; or, directly, through "real" human interaction. The texts presented here deal with the latter. One set of texts is a selection of several seventeenth-century takkanot, rulings, by the Council of Four Lands, the supra-communal organization responsible primarily for collection of taxes levied by the Polish state but also engaging in administration of affairs within Jewish communities. The second text comes from Polish court records and shows a criminal trial of a Jewish tavern keeper, Szmul Dubiński, accused of blasphemy in Rzeszow in 1726. Public spaces where Jews and non-Jews met seem to offer fertile grounds for exploration of direct encounters. While some public spaces, such as a market place where encounters were short and focused on the exchange of goods, may have been more prone to a shallow interaction, taverns and inns allowed for closer and longer contact. It is these closer encounters that provoked such anxiety among both Jewish and Christian religious authorities who repeatedly warned against Jewish-Christian socializing. In the early modern period, inns and taverns became the most prominent social centers across Europe, and there are many studies that address a wide range of topics. In this workshop, in 2005, Stefanie Siegmund led a discussion on taverns and public drinking in Florence. In Poland, to add further complexity, taverns were often run by Jews, by the second half of the eighteenth century the majority of them, out of their own


The 2020 US presidential election is still more than a year away, but the media is noisy due to the continuous registration of candidates that will face Trump in the election. Trump has already started to check is rivals through media. So far, Joe Biden and Bernie Sanders seem to have to most possibility to face Trump in the election. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to the data collected from Twitter from the year 2019. The positivity scores have been proved to effect approval ratings, they are estimated to effect the likeliness of becoming the most popular candidate. The data was compared to the past election from 2008, 2012, and 2016. The elections included the past rival background of Obama and McCain, Obama and Romney, Trump and Clinton to show how positive ratings effect the election. Tweets were collected through HTML and Python. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS and MS Excel. Data was defined into three major statuses; positive, negative, and neutral by a lexicon named Valence Aware Dictionary and Sediment Reasoner (VADER). The null hypothesis was rejected through Independent Sample T-Test, Mann-Whitney U Test, Kruskal Wallis Test to show the difference between means. Research results show who will become Trump's estimated competitor for the 2020 election.


Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients require critical care for various reasons that may or may not be related to their underlying immunodeficiency. The evaluation of HIVinfected persons admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) requires consideration of all processes that can occur in HIV-uninfected persons, as well as those particular to HIV infection, namely opportunistic infections (OIs), neoplasms, and HIV-associated comorbidities or toxicities associated with antiretroviral therapy (ART). Management of acute, life-threatening conditions requires institution of similar therapies in HIV-infected persons as in HIV-uninfected persons, with awareness of potential drug toxicities and drug interactions that can occur in those on ART. This chapter reviews the critical care of HIV-infected patients, including causes of ICU admission and patient outcomes. Special emphasis is placed on the etiology and management of respiratory failure, particularly that due to Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), which carries an especially high mortality risk. Other major indications for ICU admission and the potential impact of combination ART on the critical care of HIV-infected patients are summarized.


Chiral macrocyclic tetraamines containing four helicenes were effectively synthesized in one-step. Reductive coupling of a (P)-helicenedi(methylamine) and a (P)-helicenedicarbaldehyde gives a cyclic (P,P,P,P)-tetramer in 88% yield. The (P,M,P,M)-diastereomer was effectively synthesized from the (M)-diamine and the (P)-dialdehyde in 66% yield. The intermediate (P,P,P,P)-imine and (P,M,P,M)-imine can be isolated also in high yields. The reductive coupling of achiral arenes, m-phenylenedi(methylamine) and m-phenylenedicarbaldehyde gives the cyclic tetramer in 47% yield, which is accompanied by the higher cyclic oligomers containing hexamer (18%) and octamer (3%). The condensed benzene ring system of the helicene appears to play an important role in the high yielding cyclic tetramerization.


Abstract The delivery of nitric oxide (NO) via a nasopharyngeal tube is an alternative to endotracheal intubation. A male infant with end‐stage pulmonary hypertension (PH) due to a severe hypoplastic lung developed a PH crisis on day 145 and received NO inhalation via a nasopharyngeal tube. Clinical improvement was maintained for 7 days with18–22ppm NO inhalation. The patient remained in close physical contact with his parents without the use of sedation. Blood methemoglobin levels remained below 1%. The environmental NO levels were less than 0.06 ppm and NO2 less than 0.3 ppm throughout the treatment, well within the safety margin. On day 152, the patient succumbed to hypoxemia and heart failure. The use of a nasopharyngeal NO delivery system without sedation, as an alternative to endotracheal intubation with sedation, was a practical method in treating a patient with PH while maintaining a certain quality of life for the patient and the family.


The current study took place at the highland plateau of San Luis Potosi, Mexico. The aim was evlauating some ecological processes (blood and feather metal concentrations, relative abundances, survival, and ecological stress) in three passerine birds, and in some organisms that sustain interspecific relations with these birds (potential prey and blood parasites), and the effect of exposure to metals from mining activities on these processes. In order to fulfill the study objectives, soil samples were obtained, and arthropods, as well as birds were captured. Bird blood and feather samples were taken, and all specimens were banded with ornithological rings. The study sites represent a gradient of exposure to minning activity and two habitat types with different degrees of disturbance (Yucca-dominated scrublands vs villages) at a semi-arid region. The following parameters were quantified: As, Cd, Pb, and Sb concentrations in all sampled matrices, percentage of birds parasitized by haemosporidians, intensity of parasitism, ecological stress evaluated through the heterophyl-lymphocyte proportion, bird relative abundances for each species, and survival rates. Finally, the relationships among the analized parameters were evaluated through the study gradients. The results suggest that metal concentrations increase in all matrices in sites that are exposed to mining activity. Prevalence and parasitism intensity were independent of degree of exposure to metals, possibly due to the fact that both vectors and parasites, not only birds, are affected by metal exposure. In general, ecological stress was greater in exposed sites, but not in all species, thus reflecting differing responses among bird species. Relative abundances were unrelated to metal exposure, but responded to habitat type according to the habits of each species. Finally, effects on survival of exposure and/or habitat type were not significant, possibly due to the low recapture rates.


Two papers by Box and Draper (1959, 1963) discussed the selection of first and second order rotatable designs when a spherical region of interest was defined and account had to be taken of possible biases due to the fact that the polynomial model under consideration was inadequate by one order. Here we consider a different but related problem. Suppose the intensity of interest in the factor space is represented, not by a spherical region of interest, but by a symmetric multivariate distribution weight function. (Previously it was assumed that total interest lay uniformly over a spherical region and there was no interest outside it.) We wish to specify the runs of a second order design which can be performed sequentially so that both the first order portion and the full second order design provide protection against biases of one order higher. In particular, we shall consider designs which are either the basic central composite type and consist of a "cube" plus "star" plus center points, or designs which c...


American first-rate universities put general education,diversification classroom teaching,rich and colorful social practice education in an important place,through which students are firstly shaped into common people of physical and psychological health,credibility and integrity,ethics,morality and social responsibility.Comprehensive quality and ability cultivation based on health quality education is the centre content of American higher education reform and talent cultivation quality.To excavate,communicate and learn from talent cultivation approaches such as the spirit,operating concept,and teaching model of American first-rate universities is of urgent and important practice referential meaning for promoting the quality education which combines healthy personality building and practical ability of university students,enlighting and implementing Chinese higher education reform,furthering health quality education in Chinese universities.


.................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................................................................. iii DECLARATION .............................................................................................................. iv ACRONYMS .................................................................................................................... v TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................. vi LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... x LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................................... xi CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY ................................................... 1 1.


Cancel culture has become increasingly prevalent in recent years. It follows a typical process, usually unfolding on the internet: When a public figure says or does something considered offensive o...


Enamine N-oxides act as a chemical linchpin bridging two bioorthogonal associative and dissociative reactions. This article describes the design of enamine N-oxides; their synthesis through the retro-Cope elimination reaction; the use of solvent, hyperconjugation, strain, and rehybridization effects to achieve bioorthogonal reactivity; and their rapid reductive cleavage with diboron reagents. The coordinated assembly and disassembly of the enamine N-oxide motif constitutes a powerful chemical operation that enables the attachment and detachment of small molecules from biomacromolecules in a biological setting.


Catherine Benton is Professor Emerita of Religion and Asian Studies at Lake Forest College. Her doctoral research at Columbia University focused on Indian religious story literature in Hindu and Buddhist Sanskrit texts. These texts and their stories continued to lead her back to India where she also studied present-day religious practices of contemporary Hindu, Buddhist, and Muslim communities in South Asia. Her book, God of Desire: Tales of Kamadeva in Sanskrit Story Literature (2006), offers translations and analyses of the adventures of Kamadeva as expressions of Hindu and Buddhist teachings about desire. Benton has received research awards from the Freeman Foundation, National Endowment for the Humanities, Huntington Research Library, and Associated Colleges of the Midwest.


The development of technology has an impact on all aspects of life including changes to the existing payment methods. Electronic money (E-money) is a non-cash payment instrument in addition to credit cards and debit cards. E-money offers advantages over debit and credit cards that provide convenience, speed, and efficiency. Indonesian society began to move into a cashless society as a proof, more and more Provider's E-money is available with many choices and advantages of each. In fact, some of them provide profitable cashback. So that more and are turning into users E-money now. Issues discussed in this study include the main reasons for the use of electronic money LinkAja and perceptions about the use of electronic money LinkAja Indonesia in 2019. LinkAja is the first form of E-money application in Indonesia which was launched in 2017 with the initial name Tcash and changed its name to become LinkAja in 2019. LinkAja became e-money first choice in Indonesia since its inception but began in 2019 to be an alternative choice of E-money in Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative approach. This research is the initial part of my dissertation research with three supervisors at Malang Brawijaya University, with 420 respondents because of the total population of LinkAja users is not known with certainty. Determination of the number of respondents with the Machin formula. Findings show that the main reason for using LinkAja is due to the ease of transaction 45%, discount for 42%, security 4.5%, comfort 3.5%, experience 3%, and lifestyle2%. Most the respondents support the Indonesian cashless community and are still committed to LinkAja. This research can be preliminary data for the development of further research including the commitment of users, brand trust, brand experience, brand love that are suspected to have an influence on the amount of use of LinkAja in Indonesia with quantitative research methods. The Purpose of the urgency of this research is to provide input to LinkAja publishers to be successful and become the first E-money in Indonesia Bay improved quality which is the main reason for the user's choice. Last and foremost a thank you to LPDP as a funder / sponsor of this research.


Introduction . Outpatient Department (OPD) in any hospital is considered to be shop window of the hospital. The important role played by expectations in consumer's evaluation of services has been widely acknowledged in the service quality literature. There are various problems faced by the patients in out patient department like over crowding, delay in consultation, lack of proper guidance etc that leads to patient dissatisfaction. W e planned a study to document the various reasons of congestion in OPD and to recommend measures to decongest the OPD. Methodology. The study was a longitudinal study consisting of both prospective observation and retrospective data collection. The OPD was observed for a period of one month and various area of overcrowding were noted down. The patients were interviewed for the problems faced. The workload of the OPD was taken from the MRD department and the manpower deployed in the registration counter. The registration counter was observed for the work done by the operator. OPD attendance were analysed using descriptive statistics and were presented as proportions. Results. It was found that the patient wanted two major things one was the help desk to guide them and the other was information to be displayed. The most sort information was the doctors name and the room number & days he sits in the OPD. The other important information was the queue number to be displayed outside the room so that they know when their number will come. It was also observed that there were multiple queues which were present in the OPD which crossed each other and added lot of chaos. One was the queue for the ECG room other was the queue for bar code generation for blood samples third was the queue for blood sampling and lastly queue for the sample deposition. It was observed that queue for sample deposition was mostly formed of the patients which were from other centers where the tests were not done. The counters for registration were place where the patients are registered for the OPD and first point of contact. In the Cardiothoracic centre the OPD load has tripled in three years and the staff deployed are only 14 which are PTSG. Conclusion & Recommendations. New System of LED display outside the consultation room showing Name of doctor, queue number (Using queue management software), patient number, any instruction/News/Education material to be displayed, enhanced manpower of the counters, may I help you desk in front of the OPD main gate, a big LED display outside the OPD, setting up of Patient Registration Counter & relocation of Lab. Keywords: India, uotpacient department, decongestion, healthcare services Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */
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With the large amounts of small capacity and heterogeneous distributed electricity units connected to the distribution power network, there exist increasingly complex management challenges. In this paper, a new management scheme that can classify and divide the distributed units according to their adjustable characteristics is proposed, which consequently forms an effective collection of fragmented adjustable ability and promotes the utilization of micropower resources. Inspired by the social division of labor in the biological community, the approach is based on a logical aggregation with the division of labor. A feature extraction method was acquired on the basis of the daily output curve, which reduces the data dimension and, subsequently, clusters the output feature points by the K-means algorithm. The simulation is performed by taking the measured output curve of low voltage distributed units on the low voltage side. The experimental results analyze the characteristics of seven classes of distributed units, allocate two main features, and reorganize them into a cluster; so, the "5-dimensional feature array" is reduced to "2-dimensional feature points". The results demonstrate that the proposed cluster method can enable the power grid to identify and classify the distributed units automatically.


The Introduction discusses the impact of the Great Recession upon innovation spending, and with it, a rethinking of how companies can and should innovate. Open Innovation itself has been affected by the recession, and is sometimes used now as a synonym for outsourcing or cost cutting, which was not the intention of the original concept. A renewed understanding of Open Innovation is needed to unlock its potential to deliver growth, rather than simply cut costs. The role of innovation infrastructure, both for the overall society and for the focal organization, is emphasized as a key to renewing growth through innovation. The Introduction goes on to describe the plan of the book, and introduces the three facets of innovation: generation, dissemination, and absorption. Four possible paths for reading the book are outlined, for practicing managers of innovation, for innovation policy makers, for academic scholars, and for very time-pressed readers.


In order to improve the accuracy of rolling bearings fault diagnosis by making full use of effective features in time domain,frequency domain and time-frequency domain, a mixed domain feature construction approach was proposed. With it,time domain and frequency domain features were generated using the original signals,permutation entropies of intrinsic mode functions obtained with EMD and singular values of Hilbert spectrum were extracted as timefrequency domain feature sets,and mixed domain feature sets were made to more fully and accurately reflect bearing running states than the single domain features do. Aiming at mixed domain feature sets having shortcomings of too high dimensions and serious redundancy,a feature selection method based on weighted minimal redundancy maximal relevance( WMRMR) was proposed,it could select seven major feature vectors based on the classification accuracy of support vector machine. The test results showed that the classification accuracy of mixed domain feature selection can reach 98%based on WMRMR,and it can effectively identify the bearing fault information.


Enterovirus infections remain one of the urgent problems in modern infectious pathology and are represented in numerous publications of domestic and foreign researchers, including publications in the field of veterinary virology. The causative agents of enterovirus infections of viral etiology (enteroviruses) are characterized by relative resistance to adverse environmental conditions, including thermal stability, acid resistance, resistance to proteolytic enzymes, which allows them to survive in the environment and facilitates their transmission by various ecological routes (water, food, aerosols, contaminated objects, etc.). The purpose of this study was to elucidate the changes in the infectious properties of porcine enteroviruses in vitro under conditions of long-term storage at a temperature of minus 32 °C. In the course of this study, a re- cultivation process was carried out with the subsequent adaptation of two variants of viruses: the porcine teschovirus of the first serotype (Teschovirus A), the "Dniprovsky 34" strain and Porcine sapelovirus 1 (porcine enterovirus of serogroup 8), the reference V-13 strain. The re-cultivation was performed on BHK-21 cell cultures / clone 13 and on SPEV, in which they were previously cultivated, in order to determine the infectious activity after storage under negative temperatures (minus 32 °C) for two and twenty years. On the example of porcine enterovirus of serogroup 8 (the causative agent of viral gastroenteritis), it was proved that during long-term storage (20 years) at a temperature of – 32 °C, the virus did not lose its infectious properties, although a change in the cytopathogenic effect in vitro during re-cultivation was found. The infectious properties of the porcine teshovirus of the first serotype are also capable of long-term storage (2 years) under conditions of minus 32 °C temperature.


The mandatory requirement for admission into the first year degree programmes for all Nigeria universities and tertiary institutions are the combination of: Secondary School Certificate (SSCE) or equivalent and Universal tertiary matriculation examination (UTME). The validity of these examinations have been subjected to scrutiny because of the poor performance of many of the students at their final year examinations. Hence most universities had introduced the Post UTME examinations to further assess their prospective students. Afe Babalola is one of them. There exist varied findings on the relationship of the various entry qualifications in the universities with students' final year performances. This work examined the academic admission scores of; SSCE, UTME, PUTME and WAITAV as predictors for the performance of the pioneer graduating students. Descriptive statistics, scatter plot, bi-variate correlation matrix and regression analysis were employed using the SPSS V 16 software. The SSCE, PUTME, WGHT and gender had positive significant correlation values of 0.183, 0.132 0.115 and 0.10 respectively with performance. The female performed better. Age and UTME had negative correlation. Since UTME is a bad predictor, yet a government compulsory requirement for admission, universities should continue to combine the UTME and PUTME but assign less weight to the UTME value in the computation WGHTAV. The managers of the UTME must re-evaluate the reliability and integrity of the examination. DOI: 10.5901/jesr.2014.v4n1p221


This paper summarizes integrated simulation technology development status of gas turbine equipment at home and abroad, makes comparative analysis of the deficiencies in the existing domestic research, forecasts the direction of development in the field of integrated simulation about gas turbine equipment at our country finally.


The glucose detection is of great significance in biomedicine. In clinical medicine, diabetes
seriously endangers human health. By accurately measuring the blood glucose content of diabetic patients, diabetes can be
effectively monitored and treated. At present, there are many methods for measuring glucose content, such as
chromatography, spectroscopy, and electrochemical methods. Among them, electrochemical glucose sensors are widely
used because of their high reliability, low cost and easy operation.

Combining graphene with other nanomaterials (including graphene, metal oxides, semiconductor nanoparticles,
polymers, dye molecules, ionic liquids and biomolecules) is an effective way to expand or enhance the sensing
performance.

The composite of graphene and nanomaterials is an effective way to enhance the functionality of the
electrochemical sensor. Graphene can accelerate electron transfer and realize direct electrochemistry and biological
sensing. At the same time, graphene derivatives with rich composition and structure provide the possibility to further
regulate their electrochemical performance.These graphene composite-based biosensors have shown excellent sensitivity
and selectivity for glucose detection.

Electrochemical glucose sensor based on graphene composite has received extensive attention. Although
these materials have made significant progress in improving the sensitivity, lowering the detection limit and broadening
the linear range, there are still facing challenges that require further study.


Groundwater salinization due to mixture with seawater is one of the major pressures on water resources quality in the Azores archipelago and often leads to failure to comply with national water quality regulations. In order to study this process, a groundwater chemistry data set made of 54 samples from wells in the basal aquifer systems was assembled. It depicts the effects of salinization: samples are mainly from the Na‐Cl type and conductivity measurements (in the range 127‐9670 μS/cm) suggest the occurrence of high mineralized waters. In many waters Na + +K + exchange by Ca 2+ +Mg 2+ reactions are associated to the mixing mechanism.


Prostate contour segmented from Trans Rectal Ultra Sound (TRUS) and Magnetic Resonance (MR) images could improve inter-modality registration accuracy and reduce computational complexity of the procedure. However, prostate segmentation in each of these modalities is a challenging task in presence of imaging artifacts, intensity heterogeneities, and large inter patient shape variabilities of the prostate. We propose to use Haar wavelet approximation coefficients to extract texture features of the prostate region in both modalities to guide a deformable parametric model to segment the prostate in a multi-resolution framework. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the shape and texture information of the prostate region obtained from the training data aids contour propagation of the deformable parametric model. Prior knowledge of the optimization space is utilized for optimal segmentation of the prostate. Our method achieves a mean Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) value of 0.95±0.01, with mean segmentation time of 0.72±0.05 seconds in a leave-one-out validation framework with 25 TRUS images grabbed from a video sequence. DSC value of 0.88 ± 0.06 with a mean segmentation time of 0.81 ± 0.02 seconds was recorded for MR images when validated with 15 central slice images of 15 datasets from the MICCAI prostate segmentation challenge 2009. Our proposed method performs computationally efficient accurate multi-modal prostate segmentation in presence of intensity heterogeneities and imaging artifacts.


Objective To investigate the picky eating behavior among school-age children and to analyze its association with their health status, providing scientific basis for health promotion of school-age children in China. Methods A total of 796 students of grade 3 to grade 6 from two primary schools in Hongshan, Wuhan were selected through cluster sampling. Statistical analysis was conducted according to the results of the 3-day food record and questionnaire survey on children and their caregivers. Results In the current study, 40.58% of the children had picky eating problems, the incidence of picky eating behaviors of migrant children was higher than that of local children (χ 2 = 3.92, P <0.05). Most of the picky eaters (23.87%) tended to reject vegetables. Compared to the others, picky eaters had lower intake of vitamin B 2 [(0.49±0.01) (0.46±0.01) mg] and vitamin C [(57.35±0.76)(54.32±0.90) mg] ( t = 2.03, 2.57, P <0.05) and had a higher risk of stunting ( OR = 1.42, P <0.05). Conclusion Picky eating behaviors are common among school-age children, which is significantly associated with stunting. Nutritional education for children (especially migrant children) are urgently needed to improve their dietary structure and promote healthy growth and development. 【摘要】 目的 调查学龄儿童挑食状况及其与健康状况的关系, 为中国学龄儿童的健康促进工作提供科学依据。 方法 采用整群抽样法, 抽取武汉市洪山区2所小学三至六年级的796名学生, 开展为期3d的膳食调查, 同时对儿童及其看护 人进行营养问卷调查, 根据调查结果进行分析。 结果 40.58%的儿童存在挑食问题, 流动儿童与本地儿童间挑食行为报 告率差异有统计学意义 (χ 2 = 3.92, P <0.05), 拒绝蔬菜类食物的儿童最多 (23.87%)。与非挑食者[(0.49±0.01) (57.35± 0.76)mg]相比, 挑食者[(0.46±0.01)(54.32±0.90)mg]维生素 B 2 和维生素C的每天摄人量较低 ( t 值分别为 2.03,2.57, P 值均<0.05), 且挑食者身高发育生长迟缓的发生风险比非挑食者更高 ( OR =1.42, P <0.05)。 结论 挑食行为普遍存在于学 龄儿童中, 且与儿童身高发育迟缓显著相关。亟需针对儿童(特别是流动儿童) 的营养教育活动, 改善中国儿童膳食结构, 促进健康成长。


Vitamin D deficiency impairs Ca and P absorption, resulting in poor mineralization of the skeleton. Evidence from recent studies indicates that a low serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (cholecalciferol + ergocalciferol) is associated with low bone mineral density in older adults. Suboptimal vitamin D status has been reported in UK Asian populations, which may lead to increased fracture risk post menopause. The purpose of the present study was to conduct a comparative investigation of vitamin D status, bone quality and bone turnover in post-menopausal South Asian (SA) and Caucasian (C) women living in Blackburn, Lancs., U.K. Apparently-healthy post-menopausal C and SA women aged 50–65 years were identified from the health centre database at a general practice in an area of Blackburn, Lancashire, UK, serving a large SA population. Exclusion criteria included: use of steroid medication; Ca and/or vitamin-D supplementation; hormone-replacement therapy; renal diseases; diuretic use; gastrointestinal disorders. All women recruited were at least 1 year post menopause. Fasting blood was taken from sixty-six SA and forty-two C post-menopausal women. Plasma concentration of type-1 collagen b C-telopeptide (bCTX; a marker of bone resorption) and procollagen type-1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP; a marker of bone formation) were measured using electrochemiluminescence assays (Roche Diagnostics, Lewes, East Sussex, UK). Intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were measured using sandwich immunoassay (PTH STAT; Roche Diagnostics) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase activity (BAP) by immunoassay (Metra BAP EIA kit; Technoclone Ltd, Dorking, Surrey, UK). Serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25(OH)D3) was measured by HPLC–MS–MS. All assays were performed in the Department of Clinical Chemistry, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, UK. Bone quality was assessed using broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA) of the calcaneus (CUBA Clinical Ultrasonometer; McCue Plc, Winchester, Hants., UK). Serum 25(OH)D3 was significantly lower in the SA women than the C women. This lower 25(OH)D3 was associated with a significantly elevated serum PTH concentration in the SA group. BAP was also significantly higher in the SA group, indicating elevated osteoblast activity. No significant differences were observed between the two groups for P1NP, bCTX or BUA scores.


The laminar flow field in a planar, ninety degree bifurcation is examined. This numerical study uses the computational-fluid-dynamics software Fluent Version 4.11. First, the velocity field in a bifurcation without a protruding branching duct is modeled, and the results are successfully compared to experimental data. Next, the flow field is studied in bifurcations that have branching ducts that protrude into the main duct. The velocity field and pressure drop are documented, and are found to be strongly influenced by the extent of the branching duct protrusion.


We investigated the requirements for selenocysteine insertion at single or multiple UGA codons in eukaryotic selenoproteins. Two functional SECIS elements were identified in the 3′ untranslated region of the rat selenoprotein P mRNA, with predicted stem‐loops and critical nucleotides similar to those in the SECIS elements in the type I iodothyronine 5′ deiodinase (5′DI) and glutathione peroxidase selenoprotein mRNAs. Site‐directed mutational analyses of three SECIS elements confirmed that conserved nucleotides in the loop and in unpaired regions of the stem are critical for activity. This indicates that multiple contact sites are required for SECIS function. Stop codon function at any of five out‐of‐context UGA codons in the 5′DI mRNA was suppressed by SECIS elements from the 5′DI or selenoprotein P genes linked downstream. Thus, the presence of SECIS elements in eukaryotic selenoprotein mRNAs permits complete flexibility in UGA codon position.


Objective To correct nasal deformities of cleft lip and Palate by Medpor implants and cartilage of nasal septum.Methods Medpor implant was placed nearby verge of anterior nasal aperture to raise fundament of nose;Cartilage of nasal septum was harvested to raise apex nasi and repair collapsed nasal wing.Results Fifteen cases were treated by this method and the results were satisfying and the contour of the nose were similar to normal.Conclusion Medpor implant and cartilage of nasal septum can be used to correct nasal deformities of cleft lip and Palate.This is an ideal method with slight wound,shorter operative time quick recovery and concealed postoperative scar.


The invention relates to a composite heat treatment method applicable to a Cu-Cr-Zr alloy wire, and belongs to the field of non-ferrous metal heat treatment. Th e method is as below: using the Cu-Cr-Zr alloy wire rod as a raw material wire billet; conducting a solid solution treatment; conducting multi-path cold drawn to form a disc wire; conducting a single-stage or multi-stage aging treatment;and conducting one or more rounds of continuous cold processing and annealing. The method is applicable to preparation process of ultrafine wires of a variety of low alloyed Cu-Cr-Zr-X alloy containing 0.15-0.6 wt.% of Cr, 0.03-0.4 wt.% of Zr,0.01-0.1 wt.% of fourth and fifth group elements (Sn, Si, Ag and RE) and the balance of Cu. The invention simplifies preparation processing technology for of the aging strengthening type of alloy wire,saves material and energy, at the same time ensures the stability of quality of wire, and can satisfy the usage requirement of cables with different comprehensive performance in many fields.


AIMS
The aims of the study were to examine how seven variables impacted upon the intention of hospital nurses to continue working as nurses and to investigate whether there are generational differences in these impacts.

BACKGROUND
There is a critical shortage of trained nurses working as nurses in Australia, as in many other Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development member countries. The retention of nurses has been examined from the traditional management perspectives; however, this paper presents a different approach (Meaning of Working theory).

METHODS
A self-report survey of 900 nurses employed across four states of Australia was completed in 2008. The sample was hospital nurses in Australia from three generational cohorts - Baby Boomers (born in Australia between 1946 and 1964), Generation X (1965-1979) and Generation Y (1980-2000).

RESULTS
Six variables were found to influence the combined nurses' intentions to continue working as nurses: work-family conflict, perceptions of autonomy, attachment to work, importance of working to the individual, supervisor-subordinate relationship and interpersonal relationships at work. There were differences in the variables affecting the three generations, but attachment to work was the only common variable across all generations, affecting GenYs the strongest.

CONCLUSION
The shortage of nurses is conceptualized differently in this paper to assist in finding solutions. However, the results varied for the three generations, suggesting the need to tailor different retention strategies to each age group. Implications for management and policy planning are discussed.


Tourism activities should be inclusive to all persons, no matter if they are adults, children, or disabled people. Websites and apps are powerful tools to plan and organize tours and trips, but in order to be targeted to a wide range of users, and to provide an effective and satisfying experience they should be accessible and usable. This paper concentrates on users with hearing loss, and presents some guidelines for the development of accessible and also usable tourism websites for them. It then proposes and discusses the specific case study of an accessible tourism website specifically targeted to users with hearing loss that want to visit the city of Venice, Italy in an enjoyable and inclusive way.


Serena Niensted is a teacher consultant for the Wood Dale School District 7 in Wood Dale, Illinois. ■ For one school year in the early sixties, for one hour a day, I taught a class of "the gorillas," seventeen high school juniors who were characterized by the district assistant superintendent as "candidates for skid row." I had been told that if I kept them in class six weeks, I could consider myself a success. They called themselves "the dummies" and told me no one could teach them


With the emergence of ADAS and autonomous vehicle, the need of simulation software to test advanced systems and models is unavoidable. The objective of this work is to characterize, in a multi-agent approach, the traffic vehicles behaviours, and to model them in a versatile traffic simulator, serving as a testing tool for integration in the traffic module of the SCANeR Studio T M simulation software. The algorithm will bring more natural interactions between vehicles in simulation and allow the emergence of new relevant situations for autonomous vehicles, observable in real, such as collision risk situations or even accidents, which have for now to be scripted in scenarios and do not occur naturally.


Background: The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is considered a complex joint. Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a common cause of musculoskeletal pain. At least one TMD symptom is seen in 33% of the population and 3.6% to 7.0% of the population shows significant severity warranting treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is better for the evaluation of disc and adjacent soft-tissue structures compared to cone beam computed tomography. MRI allows articular disc assessment in open and closed mouth positions. MRI has 95% accuracy in the assessment of disc disorders and 93% accuracy for osseous changes. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with a sample size of 21 patients as per inclusion and exclusion criteria. MRI findings were noted and compared with clinical findings. Results: As per our study, the most common age group is between 20 and 35 years. Of 42 TMJ, 41 joints show disc displacement changes and one TMJ was normal. Disc displacement with reduction is less than disc displacement without reduction. Left TMJ is more affected as disc displacement without reduction, as compared to the right side. Two TMJ were with posterior DD. Four TMJ shows anteromedial and 4 TMJ shows anterolateral DD. Six joints have a subluxation. Conclusion: In our study, we found that MRI in TMDs is more reliable and accurate for the diagnosis of DD.


The global budget climate has laid restrictions on the design and development of new military aircraft to meet the demands of enhanced mission capabilities. To enhance mission capabilities, midlife upgrade of in-service aircraft, involving placement of advanced technology mission systems onboard, is acknowledged as a cost-effective option. To facilitate the mid-life upgrade process, a "Decision Support System" is required to identify the State-of-the-Art mission systems that will provide the enhanced mission capabilities. In this paper, an "Integrated Decision Support System" (IDSS) that analyses the mission requirements holistically, to identify mission systems that enhance the capability of the aircraft is presented. A brief outline of the IDSS framework developed by a systems approach is presented initially, followed by a detailed discussion on software development tools that can be used in the development of IDSS.


EXPLORING STRUCTURAL DEFINITIONS OF MYCORRHIZAS, WITH EMPHASIS ON NUTRIENTEXCHANGE INTERFACES R. Larry Peterson and Hugues B. Massicotte The roots or other subterranean organs of most plants develop symbioses, mycorrhizas, with fungal symbionts. Historically, mycorrhizas have been placed into seven categories based primarily on structural characteristics. A new category has been proposed for symbiotic associations of some leafy liverworts. An important feature of mycorrhizas is the interface involved in nutrient exchange between the symbionts. With the exception of ectomycorrhizas, in which fungal hyphae remain external to plant cell walls, all mycorrhizas are characterized by fungal hyphae breaching cell walls but remaining separated from the cell cytoplasm by a plant-derived membrane and an interfacial matrix that forms an apoplastic compartment. The chemical composition of the interfacial matrix varies in complexity. In arbuscular mycorrhizas (both Arum-type and Paris-type), molecules typical of plant primary cell walls (i.e., cellulose, pectins, β-1,3-glucans, hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins) are present. In ericoid mycorrhizas, only rhamnogalacturonans occur in the interfacial matrix surrounding intracellular hyphal complexes. The matrix around intracellular hyphal complexes in orchid mycorrhizas lacks plant cell wall compounds until hyphae begin to senesce, then molecules similar to those found in primary cell walls are deposited. The interfacial matrix has not been studied in arbutoid mycorrhizas and ectendomycorrhizas. In ectomycorrhizas, the apoplastic interface consists of plant cell wall and fungal cell wall; alterations in these may enhance nutrient transfer. In all mycorrhizas, nutrients must pass into the symplast of both partners at some point, and therefore current research is exploring the nature of the opposing membranes, particularly in relation to phosphorus and sugar transporters. (Can. J. Bot./Rev. Can. Bot. 2004. 82(8):1074–1088)


Abstract Lygus buchanani Poppius, 1914 and Lygus udonis Matsumura, 1917 are proposed as junior subjective synonyms of Orthops scutellatus Uhler, 1877, which is diagnosed and redescribed. Lygus buchanani was originally described from New Zealand in error, and is to be deleted from the New Zealand fauna.


The deleterious effect of low planes of nutrition in late pregnancy on lambing and lamb growth is well recognised. However factors of considerable importance which have not yet been extensively studied are (1) the interaction between plane of nutrition in early and mid pregnancy and bodily condition in late pregnancy, and (2) reactions to low planes of nutrition during late pregnancy and lactation.


A new test structure for small capacitance measurement is proposed. Compared to previously presented test structures, the main advance concerns the DC output voltage that allows a more simple experimental set up. With such a test structure, the way is open for on-chip measurement of capacitances even for process monitoring. A validation test chip has been designed with test patterns dedicated to the accurate measurement of small interconnect capacitances.


The performance of bilingual children and adults in Wales on Welsh and English vocabulary and grammar and on cognitive measures is re-analysed in relation to SES indicators of parental education and parental professions. Results are reported for 732 participants ranging across seven age groups from age 3 to over 60 and from four home language types, monolingual English, and bilinguals with only English at home, Welsh and English at home, or only Welsh at home. Results reveal extensive evidence of SES influence on performance, and of a complex relation of exposure in the home and SES level on performance, modulated by the age of the participant and whether one is considering the majority or minority language.


This paper defines base paracompactness in bitopological spaces and also studied the properties of pairwise base paracompact spaces and their relations with other bitopological spaces. In this study, many well known theorems are generalized concerning base paracompactness.


A model of the neuronal reciprocal inhibitory oscillator was developed in this study by use of an entirely electronic platform. Neuronal Oscillators were widely studied in previous research due to their important roll as central pattern generators. Our model consisted of two electronic components, the neuron emulator for modeling the electrical activities of a neuron and the artificial synapse for mimicking a synaptic connection between two neurons. The typical bursting patterns of action potentials were demonstrated by connecting two Neuron Emulators with the Artificial Synapse. These electronic devices provided a unique hardware platform for studying reciprocal inhibitory oscillators and other neuronal networks.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of play therapy on manifest anxiety, depression and impulsivity of working children. The study approach was semi-experimental with pre and post-test design. The research population consisted of all 930 working children who had refered to Association for Child Labor Protection of Tehran to gain educational and professional help in winter 1395. The sample included 40 working children who were selected through purposive approach among 50 children who were selected through the available approach and were put randomly in the experimental (n=20) and control (n=20) group. Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (Reynolds and Richmond ,1978), Children's Depression Inventory (Kovacs and Beck,1981) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (2004) were used as the study tool. In this study, some techniques of group play therapy were presented once a week, in 10 sessions through 2/5 months. ANCOVA showed that play therapy has a positive significant effect on manifest anxiety, depression and impulsivity of working children. These results have important implications for education, consulting services and helping working children.


We find generators for the algebra of rational differential invariants for general and degenerate Kundt spacetimes and relate this to other approaches to the equivalence problem for Lorentzian metrics. Special attention is given to dimensions three and four.


The application of Collaborative Learning in mathematics subjects is a problem in this study. The purpose of this study was to find out how to apply collaborative learning in mathematics subjects at Kotabumi 1 Vocational School. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive. The implementation of collaborative learning is carried out in the aspects of learning tools, teaching materials, learning media, and the implementation of learning. The implementation of learning in the classroom is carried out in 8 meetings Students who are the subject of research are students of class XI TKJ 1. Based on observations it can be concluded that the application of Collaborative learning can improve the quality of lecturers, teachers, and students to learn from each other in subjects.


The embodiment of the utility model relates to a light emitting diode (LED) grating screen display module, which comprises lumpish LED display screen box bodies which can be spliced with each other, locking assemblies which are fixedly arranged at the lower ends of the LED display screen box bodies, and connecting assemblies which are fixedly arranged at the upper ends of the LED display screen box bodies and are matched with the locking assemblies to connect to adjacent LED display screen box bodies, wherein the connecting assemblies comprise hanging pins which are retractably fixed in sleeves at the upper ends of the LED display screen box bodies. The LED grating screen display module has the advantages that rapid mounting and dismounting can be realized, the module is convenient to transport, the box bodies are firmly connected and accurately positioned, and the module is particularly suitable for the situation that the module is required to be rapidly mounted and dismounted in field.


Previous research has established that sports, particularly team sports, are portrayed in media coverage as inappropriate for women. Using qualitative content analysis, the researchers analyzed commentary from 10 games of the 2009 Softball College World Series and found that commentators attributed player performance to appearance and emotional control, reinforcing the sex-inappropriateness of women's sports. These findings are consistent with previous research but are still somewhat surprising given the growth of women's sports, including collegiate softball.


Based on a stainless steel substrate of the thick film circuit power resistor paste, a solid phase component and an organic binder weight ratio of 80:40 ~ 60 ~ 20 composition, a solid phase consisting mainly of silver palladium complex powder and microcrystalline glass powder a weight ratio of 80 to 60:20 to 40 consisting of, by weight of palladium, silver ninety-seven past eight p.m. than 3 ~ 80 ~; glass-ceramic is SiO


Urbanisation is a product of technological progress. The paper traces technological progress in Africa and attempts to model its future. It starts with definitional and conceptual issues. The meaning and interactions of technology, engineering and science have attracted a lot of debate in the last century. The paper does not delve into the debate. Instead, it provides definitions solely to guide discourse. This definitional exposition shows the bi directional relationships [dualities] between the three facets of knowledge. The paper then discusses how technology, engineering and science interact with social welfare. Using university research as a macrocosm for technological progress, the paper traces technology in Sub-Saharan Africa back to pre-independence. This is based on empirical data gathered from ten countries in the region. In attempting to model the future of technological progress in SSA, the paper turns to the transport sector. Working off a model of transport policymaking in Africa, the paper spurs off three possible models of future technology policymaking in the region. Of the three, the joint research model (where local science agents and donor agencies engage in joint research) represents the likely immediate future of technology policymaking in SSA. However, the region should aim at weaning off donors and emerging into the science-driven society model, typified by continual dialogue between local science agents and politicians.


Social judgements like comments, reviews, discussions, or ratings have become a ubiquitous component of most Web applications, especially in the e-commerce domain. Now, a central challenge is using these judgements to improve the user experience by offering new query paradigms or better data analytics. Recommender systems have already demonstrated how ratings can be effectively used towards that end, allowing users to semantically explore even large item databases. In this paper, we will discuss how to use unstructured reviews to build a structured semantic representation of such items, enabling the implementation of user-driven queries. Thus, we address one of the central challenges of Big Data: making sense of huge collections of unstructured user feedback.


Recently, G. Parker suggested that the lateral transport of downstream momentum due to Reynolds stresses should be included in the momentum balance used to calculate the boundary shear stress distribution. This new approach can reconcile the existence of a stable channel in the presence of sediment transport. The purpose of the study reported here was to utilize Parker's approach to develop regime relations for a straight channel with coarse material composing its perimeter and carrying bedload only in the absence of bedforms. This is a simplified model of a gravel bed river, where bedforms tend to be poorly developed. The shape of a stable channel cross section is examined. The results are compared with field and flume data for the cases of uniform and poorly sorted bed material.


Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most frequently reported sexually transmitted infections (STI) in Australia, the UK and Europe. Yet, rates of screening for STIs remain low, especially in younger adults.


Online services rely on machine identifiers to tailor services such as personalized search and advertising to individual users. The assumption made is that each identifier comprises the behavior of a single person. However, shared machine usage is common, and in these cases, the activities of multiple users may be generated under a single identifier, creating a potentially noisy signal for applications such as search personalization. We propose enhancing Web search personalization with methods that can disambiguate among different users of a machine, thus connecting the current query with the appropriate search history. Using logs containing both person and machine identifiers, and logs from a popular commercial search engine, we learn models that accurately assign observed search behaviors to each of different users. This information is then used to augment existing personalization methods that are currently based only on machine identifiers. We show that this new capability to infer users can be used to improve the performance of existing personalization methods. The early findings of our research are promising and have implications for search personalization.


Science and technology park development is more and more individualistic and diversified,and it emerges three kinds of typical strategic mode in European countries during the process of striding in innovation country which are alliance-driven mode in Sweden,university-driven mode in Netherlands,and company-driven in Finland.Different science and technology development strategic mode embodies particular tactic and approach in implementing or participating in national and local innovative policies,and based on systemic analyzing the mechanism of different mode it can be found the general characteristics and future trend of science and technology development strategic mode in some aspects which are strategic policy,management tactic,development network.


There has been a renaissance of taxonomy and related subjects such as abundance, ecology and distribution of species as biodiversity in the last two decades. Diversity of rock and coral boring organisms comprises the most specious assemblages and species specificity of invertebrates. Diversity of rock and coral boring bivalve species taxonomic compositions were described along Visakhapatnam off shore region. They occurred on the huge cement concrete boulders and corals in the Visakhapatnam fishing harbour region and the entrance channel region of the port. Two species of genera Lithophaga were collected and observed in the Visakhapatnam offshore region. Diagnosis based on shell characters are given for Lithophaga laevigata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1835) and Lithophaga teres (Philippi, 1846) from the family Mytilidae. Morphological comparisons of shells are made for these two species. It is observed that the infestation of the boring organisms of different bivalves is very highly bore at the bottom region, at the junction of the arms region of the coral. The bivalves bored into different substrates such as limestone, calcareous rocks, sand rocks, rubber material, and polyvinyl, plastic, wood, live and dead coral. The diversity of two species of Lithophaga genus is abundantly available in Visakhapatnam coastal waters.


1. A MONOGRAPH OF THE EEOENT BRITISH OSTHACODA. By G. SBBADT. 4to. with 18 Plates. 1868. (From the Transactions of the Zoological Society.) 2. BIVALVED ENTOMOSTBACA, EEOENT AND FOSSIL. By Prof. T. EUPEBT JONES. 8VO. 1868. (From the Quarterly Journal Microscop. Science.) 3. NOTES ON THE PALEOZOIC BIVALVED ENTOMOSTBACA : No. VULl. SOME LOWER-SILURIAN SPECIES FROM THE CHAIR OF KILDARE, IRELAND. By T. BUPEBT JONES AND Dr. H. B. HOLL. (From the Annals and Mag. Nat. Hist.)


CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Although excellent color-matching ability was confirmed for the structural colored resin composite Omnichroma, care should be taken to ensure that the appropriate chromatic color conditions for restoration are achieved in the oral environment.

SUMMARY
Purpose: The present study evaluated the color-matching ability of a structural colored resin composite to compare it with resin composites employing pigments.Methods and Materials: A structural colored resin composite (Omnichroma [OMC]), a supranano-filled resin composite (Estelite Σ Quick [ELQ]), and a nano-filled resin composite (Filtek Supreme Ultra [FSU]) were used. Each resin composite was packed into a Teflon mold and pressed down with a clear strip under a glass slide. The specimens were light irradiated through the slide with a light-emitting diode curing unit. The thickness of the specimens (n=6) was measured with a digital caliper before being transferred to distilled water and stored at 37°C for 24 hours. The measurements of the optical characteristics of the specimens on a black-and-white background were performed using a spectrophotometer. D65 (CIE D65) was used as a light source for the spectrophotometer. Measurements were repeated three times for each specimen under each color-measurement condition, and average values for three same-shade specimens were calculated. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests were used (α=0.05). To determine its ability to match the color of artificial teeth, each shade of resin composite was placed in a cavity before performing color measurements. Using a spectrophotometer (CMS-35F S/C) with a flexible sensor, L*, a*, and b* values were obtained.Results: The spectral reflectance curve of OMC showed that it reflected light wavelengths from 430-700 nm regardless of the background color and thickness of the specimens. The percentage of reflectance of ELQ decreased near wavelengths of 550-580 nm. Regarding the influence of background color on CIE L*, a*, b* values, the L* level showed significantly higher values for all tested materials with white backgrounds, and OMC was most affected by the difference in background color. However, a* values of ELQ and FSU were significantly higher with a black background than with a white background, and OMC showed a significantly higher value with a white background than with a black background. The b* values were higher with a white background than with a black background and were significantly higher for all three products, and these tendencies were much greater for ELQ and FSU.Conclusions: The ability of OMC to match the color of artificial teeth showed acceptable color compatibility, regardless of the shade of the artificial teeth and the depth of the cavity. However, ELQ and FSU showed reduced color compatibility, especially for a cavity depth of 3.0 mm. Excellent color matching ability was confirmed for the structural colored resin composite OMC, resulting in reduced color differences and therefore improving the esthetic appearance of the restoration, simplifying shade matching, and compensating for any color mismatch.


Low density regions face many development challenges. In the Alentejo region of Portugal, and in many other Southern European regions, such challenges have been intensified by the cumulative effects of the financial and economic crises, and the subsequent austerity. In such context, and to promote region catching up and sustainable development, a number of policies designed to promote local entrepreneurial ecosystems have been reinforced. In this study, we focus on one of these policies' instruments – business incubation and on the region of Alentejo, and describe five incubators implemented by a local regional development association (ADRAL), some municipalities, a national association of young entrepreneurs (ANJE), and a local association of entrepreneurs (NERE). We assess the incubators' distinctive characteristics and those of some incubated projects, aiming at identifying the specificities of this approach and its success determinants. Entrepreneurial Ecosystems in Low-Density Regions: Business Incubation Practices in Alentejo


In order to retrieve a particular image from vast repository of images, an efficient system is required and such an eminent system is well-known by the name Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) system. Color is indeed an important attribute of an image and the proposed system consist of a hybrid color descriptor which is used for color feature extraction. Deep learning, has gained a prominent importance in the current era. So, the performance of this fusion based color descriptor is also analyzed in the presence of Deep learning classifiers.

This paper describes a comparative experimental analysis on various color descriptors and the best two are chosen to form an efficient color based hybrid system denoted as combined color moment-color autocorrelogram (Co-CMCAC). Then, to increase the retrieval accuracy of the hybrid system, a Cascade forward back propagation neural network (CFBPNN) is used. The classification accuracy obtained by using CFBPNN is also compared to Patternnet neural network.

 The results of the hybrid color descriptor depict that the proposed system has superior results of the order of 95.4%, 88.2%, 84.4% and 96.05% on Corel-1K, Corel-5K, Corel-10K and Oxford flower benchmark datasets respectively as compared to many state-of-the-art related techniques.

 This paper depict an experimental and analytical analysis on different color feature descriptors namely, Color moment (CM), Color auto-correlogram (CAC), Color histogram (CH), Color coherence vector (CCV) and Dominant color descriptor (DCD). The proposed hybrid color descriptor (Co-CMCAC) is utilized for the withdrawal of color features with Cascade forward back propagation neural network (CFBPNN) is used as a classifier on four benchmark datasets namely Corel-1K, Corel-5K and Corel-10K and Oxford flower.


This article explores and defends the claim that addictive desires—for alcohol in particular—are partly explained by the motive of self-escape. We consider how this claim sits with the neurophysiological explanation of the strength of addictive desires in terms of the effect addictive substances have on the dopamine system. We argue that nothing in the neuroscientific framework rules out pluralism about the causes of addictive desire.


In this paper, the inventory efficient management problem is investigated from a control theory viewpoint. The goods are replenished with delays from a remote supplier. The main objective is to obtain the inventory keeping cost-benefit trade-off by reduction of undesirable influences of system uncertainties, such as unpredictable demand and lead time, on inventory level stability. The starting point, which is a periodicreview predictive approach to inventory replenishment, brings the advantage of consideration of unpredictable system dynamics while finding the optimal order quantities. In contrast to the classical approaches to inventory control, the proposed predictive policy aims at reducing the inventory level fluctuations and maintaining it at desired level. This is considered to be advantageous in decreasing a storage capacity, backorders, lost business opportunities, employment planning problems and deterioration of products. Attention is paid to making the decision framework as simple as possible, and straightforward in application which will allow bridging the gap between mathematical precision of control theory methods and the expectations of supply chain supervisors. The simplified model is presented in the paper and demonstrated to be mathematically equivalent to the initial predictive model.


SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS A combination of 25 per cent Sodium PAS in aqueous 3.5 per cent PVP solution has been administered intravenously twice a day to 39 patients for various periods of time up to four weeks. The only significant toxic reaction was thrombophlebitis which occurred in three. Postmortem histologic studies in four cases revealed no lesion that could be definitely attributed to PVP. No change in plasma prothrombin level occurred during therapy. The advantage of this combination lies in the fact that higher and more prolonged blood PAS levels are achieved than can be obtained with equivalent amounts of PAS alone when given intravenously or by mouth. It has been shown that PAS-PVP given by mouth does not result in blood PAS levels which are significantly different from those which result when equivalent amounts of PAS alone are given orally.


Fiscal Impact Budgeting Systems (FIBS) are sophisticated computer bqled modeling procedures used in local government organizations, whose results, however, are often overlooked or ignored by decision makers. A study attempted to discover the reasons for this situation by focusing on four factors: potential usefulness, faith in computers, production process knowledge, and input data accuracy. Subjects, approximately 100 officials and members of citizens' boardb, responded to 30 Likert-type scale items covering the four factors and the dependent variable: output acceptance or rejection. Results indicated that only faith in computers,was nonsignificant while perceived accuracy of input data made the most important contribution to perceptions of quality of output. These results imply that organizations should pay more attention to user involvement in implementation and knowledge adequacy. Decision makers must also become more aware of how the FIBS model works. (JL) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made -* from the original document. *********************************************************************** U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC; 04. +This document has been reproduced as recewed from the person or organization originating it pr Minor changes have been made to improve rOproduCtion (platy %.0 Points of view or opimons stated in this docu (N) ment do not necessar4 represent official ME Positron Or policy


To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the distributed generation system is an approach worth investigating. With fewer switches, the push-pull circuits are suited for low-voltage and high-current applications, such as the distributed generation system. In this paper, a modified push-pull dual active bridge (PPDAB) dc-dc converter and its optimized control are proposed to achieve full load range zero voltage switching (ZVS). Considering the switch junction capacitors, the added current is injected by the magnetizing inductance to achieve full load range ZVS. Based on the RMS value of transformer current, the optimized control strategy is proposed to enhance the system efficiency with the precondition of achieving full load range ZVS of all switches. The working principles, ZVS region analysis, and design of key parameters are discussed in detail. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method for the PPDAB converter is verified by the results of a laboratory prototype.


The value of travel time is a key element in the appraisal of transport projects (Small, 2012; Borjesson and Eliasson, 2014). Big national studies are carried out every certain number of years to obtain an estimate of how the population would value changes in travel time. The objective is therefore a measure of the value of travel time changes (VTTC). Since valuation is likely to vary across the population and with the trip context, the interest is not placed on obtaining a single VTTC but an index according to some variables that could have an impact on travellers' VTTC. Among these variables are individual characteristics (e.g. income), trip characteristics (e.g. journey length) and the choice context (e.g. size and sign of the travel time change). The recommended set of VTTC for appraisal has significant economic implications, and it crucially affects which projects are carried out in a country. Small (2012) and Daly et al. (2014) coincide in that our understanding of the VTTC and its variation should increase in order to maintain the credibility of the VTTC concept. Hence, it is important to pursue both an unbiased estimate of the VTTC and unbiased estimates of VTTC elasticities with respect to the variables of interest. Stated choice (SC) experiments are frequently used in a variety of applied fields of economics to investigate valuation of goods. In transport economics, stated choice experiments constitute the most popular method to estimate the VTTC of a population, or more precisely the set of VTTC estimates based on some relevant factors: e.g. income, journey length, size of the travel time changes. These include several national studies, aimed at providing VTTC for official guidance in appraisal. This paper investigates the role of the variables used in the SC experiment on the estimation of the set of VTTC (i.e. mean and covariates). In the simplest VTTC experiment, the design variables are time and cost changes. First, "partial data analysis" is applied. Ideally, one would like to observe the same group of individuals completing different SC experiments. With the data currently available, an alternative approach is to use a large dataset of individuals' responses, and split it according to different levels of the variable of interest. The estimation of the same model on each sub-sample provides insights into potential effects of the variable of interest. This approach is applied in relation to three design variables on the data for the last national VTTC study in the UK, using state-of-the-art model specifications. Secondly, this works concludes with a simple exercise of "data observation". Given the simplicity of the SC experiment, it is possible to observe tendencies on the VTTC at the aggregate level without using any modelling. The results show some ways in which the set of VTTC can be affected by the levels of SC design variables. It is not possible to determine to what extent the effect of the SC design variables is or not part of individuals' true preferences. The aim is to increase our understanding of the reality of the distribution of the VTTC across and within individuals.


The scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM) is a semi-analytical computational method initially developed in the 1990s. It has been widely applied in the fields of solid mechanics, oceanic, geotechnical, hydraulic, electromagnetic and acoustic engineering problems. Most of the published work on SBFEM has focused on its theoretical development and practical applications, but, so far, no explicit discussion on the numerical stability and accuracy of its solution has been systematically documented. However, for a reliable engineering application, the inherent numerical problems associated with SBFEM solution procedures require thorough analysis in terms of its causes and the corresponding remedies. This study investigates the numerical performance of SBFEM with respect to matrix manipulation techniques and their properties. Some illustrative examples are given to identify reasons for possible numerical difficulties, and corresponding solution schemes are proposed to overcome these problems.


Dear Editor, Kaposi sarcoma (KS), first described in 1872 by Moritz Kaposi, is a multicentric angioproliferative disorder of endothelial origin. The pathogenesis of KS is still uncertain, but recent data showed a strong correlation between all forms of KS and human herpesvirus (HHV)-8 infection. Although the initial presentation on the penis is often observed in AIDS patients, penile KS in HIV-negative patients has rarely been reported in the published work. A 65-year-old Japanese man with no history of homosexual or bisexual activity presented with asymptomatic reddish nodules on the glans penis (Fig. 1a,b). The lesion had enlarged gradually for 4 years. There were no other skin lesions as well as urethral discharge or enlarged inguinal lymph nodes. Past medical history included only hypertension and diabetes mellitus, but no immunosuppressive drug intake or organ transplantation. He had lived in Brazil for 46 years since the age of 2. Routine laboratory investigations showed no abnormal finding and HIV-1 and -2 antibodies were negative. A histopathological examination of the nodule showed slit-like spaces filled with red blood cells and extensive proliferation of spindle-shaped cells (Fig. 1c). Immunohistochemical staining revealed positivity of the spindleshaped cells for CD31, CD34 (Fig. 1d), D2-40 (Fig. 1e) and HHV-8 latency-associated nuclear antigen 1 (LANA-1) (Fig. 1f). Investigations for HHV-8 by real-time polymerase chain reaction using RNA extracted from the lesion revealed positive results (data not shown). Further analysis of the VR1 region of the K1 gene confirmed subtype C7 of HHV-8 (data not shown). Treatment with 4-MV X-ray radiotherapy, a total of 60 Gy, resulted in good response, leaving only hyperpigmentation (Fig. 1g,h). There has been no change for 6 months. No biopsy was performed to confirm residual and recurrent lesions.


In this paper we study the state estimation problem for a basic model of gene expression. The model describes the interrelation between mRNA and protein within the transcription-translation process. Based on such generic dynamic model, we address the problem of estimating mRNA concentration by only measuring total protein concentration, and we propose a solution to it by means of different state estimation schemes, namely a nonlinear observer, an approximate linear observer and a hybrid extended Kalman filter. Finally, by means of in silico experiments, we compare the proposed structures using a model of the p53 gene network.


A mexican bentonite was used to prepare three modified clays: an organoclay (OC–CPC) by intercalating cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), an aluminum-pillared clay (Al-PILC), and an inorganic–organic clay (IOC–CPC) prepared from Al-PILC intercalating CPC. The infrared and thermogravimetric analyses enabled us to differentiate between the structures obtained. Interlayer distance was assessed through X-ray diffraction; the OC–CPC was the clay that showed the highest value (12.4 A). The natural clay's specific area was 43.5 m2/g, increasing to 157.2 m2/g for Al-PILC. The OC–CPC and IOC–CPC specific areas were 13.27 m2/g and 14.5 m2/g, respectively. Al-PILC was a microporous material; whereas natural clays, OC–CPC and IOC–CPC were non-porous materials. Toluene and benzene adsorption on OC–CPC was higher than in IOC–CPC and Al-PILC. Natural clay showed no adsorption capacity for these compounds. Comparison of the GC retention times for non polar and low-polarity compounds (octyne and benzene) in columns packed wit...


By use of homemade arc spraying system patented, which could make melted metal droplets atomized fully and make its flying velocity achieve ultrasonic velocity, TiAl alloy coatings were manufactured on the aluminum alloy (LY12) substrate surface. The slide wear resistance of TiAl alloy coatings was investigated. The effect of spraying parameters, coatings' chemical composition and microstructure on the slide-wear resistance of coatings was examined. Then the slide-wear mechanism of the coatings was discussed. The results showed that the slide wear resistance of TiAl alloy coatings by ultrasonic arc sprayed is 17 times higher than it of the aluminum alloy (LY12) substrate under the condition of dry slide-wear.


As Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) gains a broader usage as a viable alternative to traditional educational scenarios, the need for automated tools capable of evaluating active participation and collaboration among peers in online discussions increases. In this study, we validate a quantitative model of predicting involvement in CSCL chats based on student's pauses throughout the timeline of the conversation. Starting from a corpus of 10 chat conversations, our proposed model explains 55% of the variance in terms of student participation and 42% in terms of collaboration, although relying on simple quantitative indices.


Now I will set forth the glory that awaits the Trojan race, the illustrious souls of the Italian heirs to our name. I will teach you your destiny ... Under [Romulus'] auspices, my son, Rome's empire will encompass the Earth, its glory will rival Olympus ... This will be your destiny, Roman, to rule the world with your power. These will be your arts: to establish peace, to spare the humbled, and to conquer the proud.


Humans have sought inspiration from nature since the beginning of recorded history. For today's scientists, biological systems are replete with molecular recognition events of awe-inspiring specificity. Contrary to amino and nucleic acids, carbohydrates tend to behave as elusive ligands toward their natural receptors, such as the lectin family. Nature has overcome the generally modest affinity of proteins for monosaccharides through multivalent binding mechanisms. Not only does this provide an increase in the association constant of binding, but it also amplifies selectivity among structurally similar carbohydrates. The design of synthetic receptors for specific sugar structures presents a daunting challenge that we have yet to master.


Three types of livestock farming systems are identified in Andalusian dehesas using multivariate analysis. One of two conservationist systems, both applying sustainable management criteria, was detected in most of farms: dehesa farming system (49% of farms): small extensive cattle and sheep farms, which adapt stocking rates to the availability of the land"s natural resources, and occasional use of strategic food supplementation; mountain farming system (21%) also relative to small farms, with mainly small ruminants and limited use of technology. The third system was a yield targeted system (30%), corresponding mainly to large cattle farms, with greater use of technology and high levels of food supplementation caused by stocking rates that exceed the land"s carrying capacity. Typology defined can be used as starting point to base technical and economic characterization of farming systems taking into consideration their current and future viability.


The article describes a procedure for the evaluation of existing structures to determine how the structure will respond to a design earthquake that is described by the recommended force spectra resulting from ground motion, or by the governing code force level. This is done by finding the weak structural links and examining the effect of their behavior on the response of the structure. The National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program suggests that for facilities designed in accordance with an older version of major building codes, the level of improvement should be such that it produces earthquake performance similar, but not identical, to that desired for new facilities. The article describes the five-step evaluation process. These steps include the job site visit and document collection, preliminary evaluation, follow up fieldwork, structural analysis, and final evaluation report. A discussion of rehabilitation criteria and a side bar describing various rehabilitation techniques are included.


The outer layers of X-ray loops in solar flares are known to be more active: they are hotter than the lower loops and above the loop-top hard X-ray sources are formed there. These phenomena are interpreted as the result of the reconnection above the loop, which converts magnetic energy into thermal and nonthermal energy of plasma. However, little direct evidence for the reconnection has been presented so far. This paper interprets the activity in the outer layer of flaring loops on a different scenario. Coronal loops filled with hot and dense plasma (high beta) or with fast plasma flow, surrounded by the low-beta corona, are unstable at their outer boundary, where the curvature is convex outward and the density gradient is inward. The centrifugal force acting upward on the plasma in the loop can exceed that of gravity. This condition is favorable for localized interchange instability called "ballooning instability," and the plasma in the loop is ejected when the instability has developed into a nonlinear phase ("high-beta disruption"). This is a natural consequence of the high-beta (and/or the high-velocity) plasma confined in a curved coronal loop. The high-beta disruption has many elements common to solar flares. In this paper, importance of the high-beta plasma is stressed, which is a neglected part of the solar activity so far.


The In Situ Remediation Integrated Program (ISRP) supports and manages a balanced portfolio of applied research and development activities in support of DOE environmental restoration and waste management needs. ISRP technologies are being developed in four areas: containment, chemical and physical treatment, in situ bioremediation, and in situ manipulation (including electrokinetics). the focus of containment is to provide mechanisms to stop contaminant migration through the subsurface. In situ bioremediation and chemical and physical treatment both aim to destroy or eliminate contaminants in groundwater and soils. In situ manipulation (ISM) provides mechanisms to access contaminants or introduce treatment agents into the soil, and includes other technologies necessary to support the implementation of ISR methods. Descriptions of each major program area are provided to set the technical context of the ISM subprogram. Typical ISM needs for major areas of in situ remediation research and development are identified.


Abstract Automatic raingauge data often serve as an important input to hydrological and weather warning operations. They are not only fundamental in quantitative rainfall analysis, but also act as the ground truth in warning operation and forecast validation. Quality control is required before the data can be used quantitatively due to systematic and random errors. Extremely large random errors and unreasonably small or false zero values can hamper effective monitoring of heavy rain. Yet both are difficult to detect in real-time by objective means. In an attempt to address these problems, a rainfall data quality-control scheme based on radar-raingauge co-kriging analysis was developed. The important threshold values required in the data quality control of 60-min raingauge rainfall were determined from a detailed analysis of the distributions of rainfall residuals defined as the arithmetic difference and the logarithm of the ratio between a raingauge measurement and its co-kriging estimate. The scheme has been developed and is in real-time use in Hong Kong, a coastal city of about 1100 km2 area with more than 150 raingauges installed. Geographically, it is located in the subtropics and dominated by heavy convective rainfall in the summer. As a basis of the quality-control scheme, the co-kriging rainfall analysis was shown through a verification exercise to be superior to those obtained by the Barnes analysis and ordinary kriging of raingauge data. The performance of the quality-control algorithm was assessed using selected cases and controlled tests, and was found to be satisfactory, with a high error detection rate for the two targeted types of error. Limitations and operational issues identified during a real-time trial of the quality-control scheme are also discussed. Citation Yeung, H.Y., Man, C., Chan, S.T., and Seed, A., 2014. Development of an operational rainfall data quality-control scheme based on radar-raingauge co-kriging analysis. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 59 (7), 1285–1299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2013.839873


Petrobras, founded in 1953, has been promoting seismic campaigns offshore the Brazilian coast since the 60s decade. The seismic projects of the 60s and 70s were mainly exploratory in nature and comprised essentially 2D surveys oriented towards the identification of new exploratory prospects. In 1978, the first 3D marine seismic project took place in Cherne field, in Campos Basin. Still in the 80s the largest Campos Basin deep water oil fields were discovered with the use of 2D marine seismic (Marlim Complex, 1985-1987; Albacora Complex, 1984-1986 and Barracuda, in 1989).


Objective To study the effect of administrating vasopressin on cardiopulmonary resuscitation.Methods 48 patients with cardiac arrest were divided into 4 groups:standard dose epinephrine group(A group,n=11),high dose epinephrine group(B group,n=12),vasopressin group(C group,n=12),vasopressin+epinephrine group(D group,n=13).The rate of spontaneous circulation restoration,the survival rate and the average time of spontaneous circulation restoration were monitored in each group.Results The rates of spontaneous circulation restoration were 18.2%,58.3%,25%,69.2%in A,B,C and D group,respectively.Among them,the rates of spontaneous circulation restoration in B group and D group were significantly higher that in A group and C group.The survival rate in D group (46.2%)was significantly higher that in the other 3 groups(9.1% in A group,16.7% in B group,16.7% in C group respectively).Compared with the other 3 groups,the average time of spontaneous circulation restoration in D group was significantly shorter.Conclusions Compared with the sole administration of vasopressin or epinephrine,the administration of vasopressin combined with epinephrine may significantly increase the rate of spontaneously circulation restoration and the survival rate,shorten the average time of spontaneous circulation restoration during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. [


By analyzing the characters of emergency traffic demands,the emergency traffic demand distribution is attributed to a transport optimization problem under the traffic control,and then,an emergency traffic rescue demand model based on transport problem is proposed according to the operational research theory.Subsequently,by introducing the factors including emergency response deadlines,capacity constraints and the dynamic time-varying path impedances,the original model is improved and converted into a probability-analysis-based optimization model,which overcomes the shortage of complicated computation.The optimized model takes the vehicle travel time as a normal distribution of random variables,reflects the changes of path impedance at different stages by adjusting the variance in the travel time,and then,the demand matrix with the minimum transport costs could be achieved under the premise of meeting the rescue response deadline.Finally,a case study demonstrates that the proposed model could satisfy the emergency rescue deadline requirements,and depict the dynamic time-varying characteristics of the path impedances as well.


During modern times,as the trend to study in Japan became prosperous,Japanese vocabularies came into the Chinese language with the overseas students' enthusiasm in translation.In this kind of situation,the translation skills of Chinese scholars were lower than those of their Japanese counterparts.And the Japanese vocabularies enriched the Chinese language system greatly.After the normalization of Sino-Japan diplomatic relations,especially the reform and opening up,frequent cultural exchanges took place between China and Japan.Japanese vocabularies were once again integrated into the Chinese language system.However,this phenomenon indicates the slumps of cultural creativity in China.


The use of movable heat idler along the path provide the speed and flexibility to the thermal label of the container.


We introduce the notion of a lax monoidal fibration and we show how it can be conveniently used to deal with various algebraic structures that play an important role in some definitions of the opetopic sets (Baez-Dolan, Hermida-Makkai-Power). We present the 'standard' such structures, the exponential fibrations of basic fibrations and three areas of applications. First area is related to the T-categories of A. Burroni. The monoids in the Burroni lax monoidal fibrations form the fibration of T-categories. The construction of the relative Burroni fibrations and free T-categories in this context, allow us to extend the definition of the set of opetopes given by T. Leinster to the category of opetopic sets (internally to any Grothendieck topos, if needed). We also show that fibration of (1-level) multicategories, considered by Hermida-Makkai-Power, is equivalent to the fibration of (finitary, cartesian) polynomial monads. This equivalence is induced by the equivalence of lax monoidal fibrations of amalgamated signatures, polynomial diagrams, and polynomial (finitary, endo) functors. Finally, we develop a similar theory for symmetric signatures, analytic diagrams (a notion introduced here), and (finitary, multivariable) analytic (endo)functors. Among other things we show that the fibrations of symmetric multicategories is equivalent to the fibration of analytic monads. We also give a characterization of such a fibration of analytic monads. An object of this fibration is a weakly cartesian monad on a slice of Set whose functor parts is a finitary functors weakly preserving wide pullbacks. A morphism of this fibration is a weakly cartesian morphism of monads whose functor part is a pullback functor.


This study is deliberately restricted in scofe. To establish workable limits, only the first twenty-five years of the American Tract Society have been surveyed. Even within this quarter century it has seemed advisable to exclude consideration of the frinting, fublishing, and distributing of books and tracts for, or in, foreign lands. Furthermore, to facilitate reference, the following divisions have been used as sub-heads: (i) Introduction, (2) Organization and Early History, (3) T he First Series of T racts, (4) Publications for Children, (5) Illustrations in the Society Publications, (6) The Christian Almanac, (7) The American Tract Magazine, (8) Bound Volumes, (g) Fact Versus Fiction, (10) Equifment.


The authors compared two groups of men: the group with minimal sclerotic wall changes (n = 18) and the group with a normal coronary angiographic finding (n = 32). All the examinations were repeated after 5 to 10 years (mean 8.4 years). The two groups did not differ in the occurrence of the main IHD risk factors, complaints, kind and amount of principal drugs and working history. No statistically significant differences were found between the groups in the reasons for discontinuing bicycle ergometric test or in the exercise ECG finding. The two groups studied did not differ in the mean values of limiting metabolic and cardiologic parameters (oxygen consumption, lactate, pulse rate, RPP index) either. The conclusion can be made that in the functional and clinical prognosis the group of symptomatic men with minor sclerotic wall changes does not differ practically from individuals with completely normal coronary angiography.


The results of X-ray, dilatometric and dielectric measurements of the Ba(Ti0.90Sn0.10)O3, (BTS10) polycrystalline sample are presented. A cubic symmetry at room temperature (Tr) was determined. The dielectric measurements showed the influence of Sn addition on the character of the phase transition in the BaTiO3 structure. A diffuse phase transition (DPT) for BTS10 was found. In the paraelectric phase the change of the γ parameter at Burns temperature (TB) takes place. This temperature corresponds to the glass temperature (Tg), which was observed by dilatometric measurements.