A system to deter an attacker and to support the identification and capture of the attacker is disclosed. to leave a vessel with materials which are suitable, stains, odors or other markings on the attacker and the victim is used. The comparison of the found to victims and attackers materials helps make the connection between the two and so identify the attackers clearly. The system further includes an audible alarm and a light alarm as an additional aid of the victim to deter the attacker. Also included is a tool that helps the victims going to get out of the vehicle the attacker or other environments, and a device that helps to focus attention on victims and attackers. Alternatively miniature devices are used, remove the samples of tissue, skin, hair, bone parts or body fluids of the attacker and save it.


Notations. Let us suppose that (X ,‖.‖) is a normed vector space. B‖.‖(x, ) = {z ∈ X | ‖x− z‖ ≤ } is the closed ball of center x and radius for the norm ‖.‖. Note thatH := {h : x 7→ sgn g(x) | g : X → R continuous}, with sgn the function that outputs 1 if g(x) > 0, −1 if g(x) < 0, and 0 otherwise. Hence for any (x, y) ∼ D, and h ∈ H one has 1{h(x) 6= y} = 1{g(x)y ≤ 0}. Finally, we denote ν1 and ν-1 respectively the probabilities of class 1 and -1.


The basic principles and never developments in the reactions of reactive dyes with cellulosic fibres are discussed and reviewed. It is shown that the proposed reactive systems may be classified in a straight-forward manner according to their reaction mechanisms. They can be divided into two classes, nucleophilic substitution reactions and nucleophilic addition reactions, respectively. The most important systems belonging to the first class are based on halogen-containing nitrogen heterocycles, whereas dyes with activated double bonds, either free or masked, are of importance in the second. Apart from their intrinsic reactivity, reactive groups may also influence the substantivity of the chromophoric system. Application of bifunctional reactive compounds leads to cross-linking of the fibres and this links dyeing with the field of chemical finishing.


This study aims to determine the effect of using LMS Quipper School in online learning on student learning outcomes. This study used samples from two high school classes of DR. Soetomo Surabaya. Each class consists of 31 students. This research was conducted to test the validity, reliability, and hypothesis. From the first result, there were 26 valid questions according to the calculation of Rcount > Rtable worth 0.367. In the hypothesis test there are three stages, namely normality test, homogeneity test, and independent t-test. in normality test, the result of significant value is more than 0.05 so that it is normally distributed. In the homogeneity test, it is known that the Fcount of the two classes is 1.397. It will be searched for Ftable with a standard significance of 5% with df numerator (Between Groups) of 1 and df of denominator (within Groups) of 60, it is known that the result of Ftable is 4.03 so it can be concluded that Fcount≤ Ftable, then H0 is accepted. In hypothesis test, the result of sig.(2-tailed) is 0.002 less than 0.05 so that the hypothesis H0 is rejected. So from this conclusion, there is a significant effect on learning outcomes


Worldwide, air pollution is the fourth leading cause of death. Both brief and long-term exposures to air pollution have been associated with marked increases in cardiovascular-related morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have focused on the short-term influence of particulate pollutants on ventricular arrhythmia (VA) development, primarily expressed as 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring arrhythmic burden or as presentation as life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between air pollutant exposure and VA burden in remotely-monitored patients.

 We enrolled retrospectively 86 patients carriers of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD), loop recorders (ILR) or pacemaker devices with remote monitoring via CarelinkTM Medtronic or Merlin.netTM PCN Abbott softwares. Intracavitary and ILR tracings were reviewed by EP personnel at our centre to define VA burden and the number of appropriate shocks and ATPs occurred in 2021. Demographic and clinical characteristics (e.g. cardiovascular history, ejection fraction, smoking, antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs)) were collected through telephone interviews. Each patient's residential and working address were used to obtain information on pollutant exposure in the years 2017-2021 in terms of annual mean concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, ozone, sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and benzene, as determined by European Environmental Agency air quality reports. The primary endpoint was a composite of ventricular fibrillation, sustained and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, appropriate ATP or shocks in patients with various levels of air pollutants exposure.

 Of 86 patients (58 male, mean age 63.2±18.7 years) enrolled in this study, 44 (51.6%) had received an ICD, 32 of whom (37.2%) with a primary prevention indication. 31 patients (36.1%) had been receiving at least one AAD. History of coronary artery disease (CAD) was present in one third of the study population and baseline mean EF was 49.8±13.8%. VA events occurred in 17 patients (19.8%), all with a significantly lower baseline EF (40.3±12.2% vs 51.5±13.5% p=0.005). Average mean values of benzene concentration in the previous 4 years were significantly higher in patients suffering from a VA event (1.64±0.82 μg/m3 vs 1.12±0.48 μg/m3, p=0.001), as were PM2.5 values (11.64±1.98 vs 10.74±1.28 μg/m3, p=0.023). A weak but positive correlation was found between median PM2.5 concentration, benzene and VAs (p=0.023, p=0.001 respectively). A multivariate regression model was built, including long-term exposure to benzene and PM2.5 and baseline EF, and it would explain 29.8% of the variance in VAs, correctly classifying 78.1% of cases.

 This study was the first to evaluate the relationship between long-term exposure to a wide array of air pollutants and VAs in a European population. In our sample, we found a weak but significant correlation between a higher chronic exposure to benzene and recorded VA events. Possible mechanisms may include oxidative stress and a direct, nonspecific membrane action due to benzene lipophilic properties. Hence, we highlighted the possible role of outdoor benzene exposure in ventricular arrhythmogenesis for the first time, a finding that requires validation through subsequent studies aimed at elucidating the role of air pollution as a ubiquitous, potentially modifiable, population-based risk factor.


This paper on the application and perspectives for interoperable systems in Italy and Europe is from the proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer System Design and Operation in Railways and Other Transit Systems, held in Beijing, China, in 2010. The authors consider some of the new solutions that have been applied in order to simplify and to improve public transport services, without changing trains and providing a fast, direct link from the city to the outlying regions. Solutions considered include interoperable transport systems, including light rail, tram-train, and train-tram systems. The "tram-train" concept indicates vehicles which operate on railway lines in suburban areas, but that are also able to work on a tramway net to supply a capillary service in the urban area. The authors describe the tram-train solutions used in a few European cities: heavy models that use train performances and technical standards similar to railway rolling stock, including in the cities of Karlsruhe, Saarbrucken, Chemnitz and Kassel; and light systems that use vehicles more similar to tramway designs, including Nordhausen, Zurich, and Vienna. The authors contend that the tram-train represents the missing link between urban tramway and railway systems, whose transport capability depends only on how the infrastructures are used. Another non conventional and lower cost model is the "Stadtbahn" which have diverted in-town sections of their system underground; some of these include Stuttgart, Frankfurt A/M, Bochum, and Koln. They also outline some of the systems used in Italy, notably in Milan and Turin, that are based on the light rail model. The authors conclude that local public transport is far more developed in other European countries than in Italy, where development is hampered by rigid regulation on the use of rail networks. Interoperable systems have a positive impact on efficiency, effectiveness, and passenger comfort.


A generalization of inflationary α-attractor models (polynomial α-attractor) was recently proposed by Kallosh and Linde, in which the potential involves logarithmic functions of the inflaton so that the derivative of the potential but not potential itself has a singularity. We find that the models can lead to viable inflationary observables even without the pole in the kinetic term. Also, the generalization with a pole order other than two does not significantly change the functional form of the potential. This allows a systematic analysis of the predictions of this class of models. Our models predict larger spectral index ns and tensor-to-scalar ratio r than in the polynomial α-attractor: typically, ns around 0.97–0.98 and r observable by LiteBIRD. Taking advantage of the relatively large ns , we discuss the modification of the potential to produce primordial black holes as the whole dark matter and gravitational waves induced by curvature perturbations detectable by LISA and BBO/DECIGO, while keeping ns in agreement with the Planck/BICEP/Keck data.


The Indonesian Supreme Court and the Indonesian Constitutional Court are experienced in examining international treaties, although the Indonesian constitution and national laws do not stipulate this matter explicitly. The Constitutional Council of France has the authority to examine judicial previews of bills concerning international treaties. Moreover, French judges can examine international treaties. There is also the European Court of Human Rights, which has an important role concerning the control of conventionality. This article aims to promote discussion about the examination of international treaty cases in Indonesia. It begins by considering the international scholarly literature on integrating international treaties and the rank of international treaties in the national legal system. Then, this article discusses the possibility of the Indonesian Constitutional Court to examine judicial preview of international treaty bills and judicial reviews concerning ratified international treaties.


Browsing of mountain beech seedlings by introduced deer in the central North Island of New Zealand appears to have inhibited canopy regeneration over large areas. In 1998, a trial of high-, medium- and low-intensity deer-culling treatments was initiated in Kaimanawa and Kaweka Forest Parks to test whether mountain beech (Nothofagus solandri var. cliffortioides) forest regeneration could be restored by removing deer. Paired exclosure plots (one plot fenced to exclude deer and the other unfenced) were established within a high-intensity culling area, to monitor the benefits of recreational, commercial and aerial deer culling. Paired plots were also established within low- and medium-intensity culling areas. Medium-intensity culling was allowed through recreational and commercial deer culling. In two low-intensity culling treatment areas, deer management remained substantially unaltered. Annual relative growth rates of tagged seedlings from spring 1998 to spring 2001 from low-, medium- and high-intensity culling areas provide strong evidence that mountain beech seedling growth increases once browsing by deer is removed through fencing. Faecal pellet data indicated that high-intensity deer culling reduced deer abundance by 67% in comparison to medium- and low-intensity culling areas. This apparent reduction in deer abundance appears to have led to a doubling in mountain beech seedling growth in the high-intensity culling area outside fences, in comparison to low- and medium-intensity deer culling areas where there was little or no evidence of benefits for seedling growth.


A wavelet feature selection derived by using fuzzy evaluation index for speaker identification is described. The concept of a flexible membership function incorporating weighed distance is introduced in the evaluation index to make the modeling of clusters more appropriate. Our results have shown that this feature selection introduced better performance than the wavelet features with respect to the percentages of recognition.


DNA's structure stability in hydrated deep eutectic solvents (DESs) is getting growing attention for emerging bio-applications. The employment of DESs as novel co-solvents in water media could favor eco-friendly and biodegradable materials for DNA storage and handling. Understanding the molecular interactions between nucleic acids and aqueous DES is crucial for developing new-generation solvents for biomolecules. In this work, we exploit the molecular sensitivity and selectivity of synchrotron radiation UV resonance raman (SR-UVRR) spectroscopy to explore the interplay between a choline chloride:urea (ChCl:U) DES and double-stranded DNA. Our study analyzes the impact of ChCl:U on the DNA's thermal unfolding pathway by focusing on the guanine nucleobases whose Raman signal could be strongly enhanced through careful tuning of the excitation wavelength.


The schemes of shadow rendering, supplementing the methodology of aeroballistic experiment, consisting in the ejection model, mounted in a special separable pallet, ballistic installation; the separation and capture of the pallet by the clipper; the span of the model with given initial conditions of motion speed and angle of attack on the measuring site aeroballistic tracks; contactless external trajectory registration model of the synchronous photographing models of digital cameras stereophotos, operating in standby mode on the background of reference marks of the coordinate reference system. Photographing takes place at the moment when pulsed light sources are triggered synchronously with the model's movement. Under these conditions, shadow visualization schemes are functional, which represent an upgraded method of a luminous point using a protective lens, a combined method that includes registration in passing light using a camera with an electron-optical shutter, and a shadow background method. Typical registration patterns are given.


Consider two devices subjected to shocks arriving according to two identically defined counting processes. Let N1 and N2 be the random numbers of shocks until failure of the two devices, respectively, and let T1 and T2 be their random lifetimes. Conditions such that stochastic orders between N1 and N2 are preserved by T1 and T2 have been investigated in recent literature. Here we study this problem in a multivariate setting, considering systems of non-independent components, and we extend some known results to multivariate stochastic orders. Two kinds of multivariate generalizations are considered; the case that each one of the components is subjected to its own fond of shocks and the case that all the components of the same system are subjected to a common font of shocks.


This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact firstname.lastname@example.com. Repository Citation Sweeney, James R., "A New Day in the Old Dominion" (1994). History Faculty Publications. 8. http://digitalcommons.odu.edu/history_fac_pubs/8


Objective To explore the application value of conventional ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS) in diagnosis of hepatic abscess.Methods Thirty-four patients with hepatic abscesses were enrolled in this study,their clinical and imaging data were analyzed,and the conventional ultrasound and CEUS characteristics were observed.Results The typical conventional ultrasonic characteristics in patients with hepatic abscesses was heterogeneous echo with internal low echo or without echo,thick wall,rough and unsmoothed inner surface.While the lesions demonstrated rapid circumferential or integrated enhancement in the arterial phase on CEUS.Conclusion CEUS is the first examination method for diagnosing hepatic abscess,which has important application value in clinic.


Indonesian authority put the fiscal decentralization as one of the policies established to delegate the authority of the central authority to each region to explore sources of income, to benefit the merit in receiving allocations from the higher level of authority, and to organize routine and investment spending. Poverty alleviation is an important agenda for a country to realize the welfare of its people so that poverty alleviation becomes an abroad and massive issue in implementing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study aims to see how big the influence of fiscal decentralization is, in terms of authority spending, in the form the allocation funding consisting of the General Allocation Funding (DAU), the Special Allocation Funding (DAK) and the Village Funding (DD) on the Poverty Rate in 34 provinces in Indonesia. This paper used a dynamic panel data analysis through the approach Generalized Method of Moment (GMM). The results of this study concluded that the DAU, DAK, and Village Funding variables becoming significantly influencing the rural poverty reduction in Indonesia.


Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ceftazidime in the treatment of puerperal infection. Methods: 86 patients were treated with ceftazidime at 4 g/d,bid,iv drip. Duration of treatment was 7-10 days. The efficacy and bacteriology were observed. Results: Clinical cure rate was 89.6% and effective rate was 97.7%. The bacterial clearance rate was 91.1%. The adverse reactions were mild and less-frequent. Conclusion: Ceftazidime for treatment of puerperal infection is effective and safe.


This essay aims at defining the epistemological and theoretical assumptions for the study of the principle of sustainable development, in its political and legal dimensions, placing it as a central issue to be addressed in order to understand the purposes attributed to the environmental law. The problems resulting from the current environmental crisis reveal the existence of different interacting facets to the concept of sustainable development. According to this dynamic, the sustainable development discourse is used as a legitimizing force, as well as a normative principle that guides the environmental demands, both of which are related to more critical concepts of sustainable development arising from the political debate on certain matters. In face of the deep political content to which the reality of environmental law is subject, such principle is not only is central to the construction of a new legal ratio , but also a legal political concept that embraces complex and disputed elements.


This abstract is by essence short. The idea of the oral presentation is to propose a presentation to fuel discussion on the establishment of a long term reliable climatic data sets. The topics covered will be based on practical examples with description of pro and cons and whenever it exists the different approaches. 1 - the first topic will be how to establish a fool proof and accepted by all reference data together with how to maintain its integrity and QC 2 the second topic is on the interacomparison intercalibration of different data sets 3 finally the lats point will be a discussion on how to merge efficiently data sets in relation with their potential uses. We are fully aware that for many the topic has been intensively covered and could be considered as closed, but feed back from the community shows that thi is not always the case. It is also felt that alternative approaches could be at least investigated. The presentation should foster discussions...


An oscillator comprising: an oscillator circuit element having a substrate terminal group and a capacitance section provided on an element substrate, the substrate terminal group comprising at least three substrate terminals including a first substrate terminal and a second substrate terminal, the capacitance section being connected between the first and second substrate terminals; a mount part including an external terminal group comprised of at least one external terminal and mounting thereon the oscillator circuit element; a plurality of inductance lines which are formed among the at least three substrate terminals by conductor wirings which connect between the at least three substrate terminals of the substrate terminal group and the at least one external terminal; and a switch circuit provided on the element substrate to control a connection state of the plurality of inductance lines.


We report x-ray photoemission spectra for a 30% glass-filled poly(phenylene ether) and nylon 6,6 (PPE+PA66) polymer blend. XPS spectra were acquired with a SSI model SSX-100 instrument using monochromated Al Kα x-rays. We present the survey spectrum (binding energy 0–1000 eV) and a narrow spectrum of the C 1s, O 1s, and N 1s photoelectron peaks.


Objective To ascertain the relationship between diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN) pathogenic factors and serum anti gangliosides antibody(anti GS ab) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (2TDM).Methods The Ninty subjects were divided into three groups, including diabetes with non peripheral neuropathy (DM group), DPN group,healthy control group (N group), every group including 30 people. The anti GS IgM ab 、anti GS IgG ab were detected by solid enzyme immunoassay.The Glycosylatedhemoglobin(HbA1c ) and the speech of nervous conduct were measured. Results The positive rate of anti GS IgM ab in DPN group was 46.47%.It was obviously higher than N group and DM group. also sinificantly positive correlated with DPN clinical classification(DPNC) 、course and HbA1c.Conculusion Anti GS Ab plays an important role in DPN pathological process. It has reference value in diagnosis and condition judgement in DPN.


SET SEPARATOR FOR FUEL AND NUCLEAR REACTOR. The invention relates to a fuel assembly (1) and spacer (7) FOR REACTOR NUCLEAR, wherein the flight comprises a plurality of cells (9) TO RETAIN AND SET EACH OTHER ELEMENTS parallel elongate (3, 8) extending ACROSS THE CELL FORMING A BEAM IN FUEL ASSEMBLY. CELLS ARE HOLLOW AND ARE PROVIDED INSIDE OF FOUR elongated supports, ELASTICOS NO SEPARATE (10), FORMED IN THE MATERIAL CUFF OR TWO SUPPORTS EXTENDED, ELASTICOS NO SEPARATE (10) formed in the sleeve material, and TWO SEPARATE ELASTIC SUPPORTS (16), WHERE THE BRACKETS ARE INTENDED TO PROVIDE THE PLACING LATERAL TOTAL SUPPORT ELEMENT.


This paper deals with the transport problems encountered in developiing countries during the last decade. With the increasing scope of the human activities in various sectors in these countries, the transport problems are assuming large proportions resulting in corresponding changes in the nature of the work and responsibilities of highway engineers. A highway engineer has not only to have adequate knowledge of engineering techniques, but he has also to be coversant with techniques of management, communication and social sciences. The paper also highlights the implications of this trend on the education and training of highway engineers and gives an account of the experience gained in India. For the covering abstract of the seminar see IRRD 283718. (TRRL)


Based on complex network theory,this paper analyses the topology modeling,basic parameters and network performance of power communication network.In view of the service characteristics,it finds out the vulnerabilities of the power communication network and revises the traditional efficiency function regarded as the index to measure the vulnerability of the network.In the paper,the network performances of two cases are analysed and simulation of vulnerability attack at different failure modes are carry on.Finally,on the basis of simulation results,the factors which have influence on the vulnerability of power communication network is summarized.


Abstract The new compounds Ca2ClBN2 (1) and Sr2ClBN2 (2) were prepared from the respective metal, its dihalide and h-BN in sealed tantalum ampoules at 1200 °C. The crystals obtained were transparent yellow (1) and blue (2), respectively. The crystal structures were determined from single crystal X-ray data. Ca2ClBN2 and Sr2ClBN2 are isotypic and crystallize in the orthorhombic space group Pnma (No. 62), Z = 4 (Ca2ClBN 2: a = 1166.7(2), b = 390.26(4), c = 899.8(1) pm, R1 = 0.043, wR2 = 0.115 for 554 independent reflections; Sr2ClBN2: a = 1242.8(1), b = 416.75(4), c = 920.8(1) pm, R1 = 0.031, wR2 = 0.054 for 662 independent reflections). The structures contain two different layers of M2+, Cl- and BN23- alternating along the [010] direction. The bond angles N-B-N are 177.2(4)° for (1) and 176,6(5)° for (2), the bond distances of the BN23- ions are dB_ N1] = 134.6(5) pm for (1), 136,3(7) pm for (2) and dB_N2 = 132.4(5) pm for (1) and 131,3(7) pm for (2). The unsymmetric structure of the BN23- ion, as is manifested particularly in the Sr compound (2), is caused by the coordination of N1 to four cations while N2 is coordinated only to three.


A flowing afterglow-selected ion flow drift tube has been used to measure the rate coefficients and product ion distributions for reactions of H 3 O + , N 2 H + , and H 3 + with a series of 16 alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons as well as acrylonitrile, pyrrole, and pyridine. Exothermic proton transfer generally occurs close to the collision rate. The reactions of H 3 O + are mostly nondissociative and those of H 3 + are mostly dissociative, but many reactions, especially those of N 2 H + , have both dissociative and nondissociative channels. The dissociative channels result mostly in H 2 and/or CH 4 loss in the small hydrocarbons and in toluene, loss of C 2 H 2 from acrylonitrile, and loss of HCN from pyrrole. Only nondissociative proton transfer is observed with benzene, pyridine, and larger aromatics. Drift tube studies of N 2 H + reactions with propene and propyne showed that increased energy in the reactant ion enhances fragmentation. Some D 3 + reactions were also investigated and the results suggest that reactions of H 3 + with unsaturated hydrocarbons B proceed through proton transfer that forms excited (BH + )* intermediates. Pressure effects suggest that a fraction of the (BH + )* intermediates decomposes too rapidly to allow collisional stabilization in the flow tube (t < 3 × 10 - 8 s). The other low-energy (BH + )* intermediates are formed by the removal of up to 40% of the reaction exothermicity as translational energy, and these intermediates result in stable BH + products. The results suggest that, in hydrogen-dominated planetary and interstellar environments, the reactions of H 3 + can convert C 2 -C 6 hydrocarbons to smaller and less saturated molecules, but polycyclic aromatics are stable against decomposition by this mechanism. The dissociative reactions of H 3 + can therefore favor the accumulation of small unsaturated hydrocarbons and aromatics in astrochemical environments.


The utility model provides an automatic regulation formula heat insulating board, include: memory alloy board, thermal -insulated restraint board, structural framework, multi -layer insulation component, sunlight absorbing coating, the memory alloy board is including the non - curling part branch of memory alloy board, the memory alloy board curling part branch that are connected, the medial surface that the non - curling part of memory alloy board divides is connected to structural framework through thermal -insulated restraint board, the medial surface that memory alloy board curling part divides covers and is provided with multi -layer insulation component, the lateral surface that the non - curling part branch of memory alloy board, memory alloy board curling part divide all covers and is provided with sunlight absorbing coating, the medial surface that memory alloy board curling part divides covers and is provided with multi -layer insulation component. The utility model discloses can be automatically expand and curl according to the illumination intensity condition, the radiation of cooperation high emissivity has automatic passive regulation, characteristics that the equivalent emissivity is high, simultaneously the utility model discloses do not have moving part, do not have electrical components, still possess the advantage of good reliability.


Asphyxia is one of the main causes of foetal death and is considered of importance in the development of cerebral palsy and other nervous disorders of childhood. When studying asphyxia it was found necessary to investigate the degree of hypoxia in the foetal blood. For this purpose the oxygen saturation of the hemoglobin in the vein and the arteries of the umbilical cord was measured in cases of spontaneous and forceps deliveries and Caesarean section.


A method to determine the relationship between resistance and velocity on an air track is designed.By using approximations based on the assumption of quasi-static oscillation energy loss and an improved linear regressive method for numerical differentiation,an empirical law is obtained: f(v)=αvγ,where γ≈1.30.


Objectives: The analgesic properties of nalbuphine mixed agonist antagonist opioid, in the postoperative period are well known. Our prospective study aims to compare nalbuphine and morphine as intravenous anesthetics together with propofol infusion, in the early postoperative period, following cardiac surgery.
Methods: 40 patients with ASA I-III schedueled for elective primary isolated coronary artery bypass grafting were included. Nalbuphine group (20 patients) received nalbuphine administrated by intravenous continuous infusion once arrived in cardiac intensive care unit. Morphine group (20 patients) received morphine by intravenous continuous infusion once arrived in cardiac intensive care unit. Changes in hemodynamic variables greater than 20% above or below the baseline, VAS and sedation score, receiving additional doses of analgesia and incidence of complications are all analysed in all patients.
Results: Both groups are comparable in their baseline demographic and surgical characteristics. Blood pressure remained within 20% of baseline in the nalbuphine group whereas, rise in mean blood pressure and heart rate more than 20% of base line occurred in the morphine group. 30% of patients in the nalbuphine group required additional doses of anaglesia, compared to 70% of the morphine group. VAS and sedation score were significantly better in the nalbuphine group than the morphine group. Incidence of vomiting and pruritis were significantly higher in the morphine group compared to the nalbuphine group.
Conclusion: We concluded that Nalbuphine provided better hemodynamic stability, effective postoperative pain relief, with fewer complications, compared to morphine in patients post cardiac surgery.


Method and monitoring and control device of an evaporator, in particular the evaporator of a heat pump wherein comparing, at predetermined instants, the difference between the temperatures upstream and downstream of the stream air passing through the evaporator at a predetermined gap. Application to heat pumps. (CF DRAWING IN BOPI)


Low-sugar candied jujube has less sugar.Its plump and transparency will be seriously affected.Adding large molecular colloid to pulp tissue to improve their plumpness was studied.Results show that: thronging the frozen,jujube′s organization became loose.The vacuum is 0.09 MPa,vacuum time is 40 min,temperature is 80 ℃.By adding 5% dextrin and using vacuum-drying can obtain high-quality and low-sugar candied jujube.


The article "Monstrosity in the English Gothic Novel" examines how the monster in gothic novels gives voice to contemporary fears of society and what sort of fears monsters highlight exactly. To illustrate this claim, different kinds of monsters and monstrosities in the novels Frankenstein, Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, and Dracula are analysed and compared to each other. The article will furthermore discuss in how far monsters are social constructs and how they are connected to the rise of scientific progress and the decline of religious certitude.


FIELD: measurement equipment. SUBSTANCE: converter unit for an ultrasonic flow meter includes a piezoelectric module. With that, the piezoelectric module includes a housing having a central axis, the first end, the second end opposite to the first end, and the first internal chamber passing in radial direction from the first end. Besides, the piezoelectric module includes a piezoelectric element located in the first internal chamber. Besides, the piezoelectric element includes braces located in the first internal chamber between the piezoelectric element and the housing; besides, each brace is located in radial direction between the piezoelectric element and the housing. EFFECT: improvement of quality of ultrasonic signals. 25 cl, 9 dwg


This paper provides an overview of current practices of quality control in the clinical laboratory and briefly contrasts them with evolving definitions of quality assurance. Current recommendations and requirements for quality assurance of the Joint Commission for Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations and the College of American Pathologists will be reviewed. Finally, practical options for development and implementation of quality assurance programs in clinical laboratories will be presented.


Catalytic activities for direct NO decomposition were investigated on C-type cubic Y2O3–ZrO2 and Y2O3–ZrO2–BaO prepared by coprecipitation. Introduction of excess oxide anions in the Y2O3 lattice w...


The two mines, located only 40 mi. apart in southern Illinois, employ unique stripping and reclamation techniques. Delta's bevy of big draglines contrasts with Leahy's unique stripping shovel and truck/shovel reclamation team. The Delta Mine is one of the few US mines that has 3 draglines with buckets greater than 60-cu-yd capacity. All 3 draglines spearhead area mining plans that work on pit lengths as much as 12,000 ft.


We study the allowed parameter space of the constrained minimal supersymmetric Standard Model (cMSSM) in the light of direct searches, constraints from B-physics (including the recent measurement of the branching ratio for Bs → � + � ) and the dark matter relic density. For low or moderate values of tanβ, the strongest constraints are those imposed by direct searches, and therefore, large areas of the parameter space are still allowed. In the large tanβ limit, however, the B-physics constraints are more restrictive, effectively forcing the squark and gluino masses to lie close to or above a TeV. A light Higgs boson could dramatically change the allowed parameter space, but we need to know its mass precisely for this to be effective. We emphasize that it is still too early to write off the cMSSM, even in the large tanβ limit. Finally we explore strategies to extend the LHC search for cMSSM signals beyond the present reach of the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations.


Feminism does not solely concern the oppression of women as women. It is also concerned with eradicating the various forms of oppression affecting women such as the sexist, racist, classist, economic, and cultural oppressions. Black women, in such patriarchal and racially divided societies, are influenced by the double jeopardy of such racial and sexist oppressions. Smith asserts: "Since a black woman, for example, cannot separate her race and her sex―these axes of her identity intersect and are always present in her lived experience. She can never be just a black person; she can never be just a woman either" (qtd. in Dicker 7).
Women, in such a patriarchal society, wanted to free themselves from the constraints and oppressions caused by patriarchy; a social system in which men rule and women are pushed into positions of


Objective: To study the expression of bc1-2 and c-myc genes in acute leukemia and their significance in the FAB classification, and some clinical features, treatment outcome and prognostic factors of acute leukemia(AL). Methods:By the analysis of immunohistochemical staining method (SP) , the expressions of bc1-2 and c-myc genes in 54 cases of untreated AL were detected, and the correlation of these genes with FAB classification, some clinical features, treatment outcomes and prognostic factors of AL were also studied. Results: Overexpressions of bc1-2 and c-myc genes were found in AL(P0.05). According to FAB classification, the expressions of bc1-2 and c-myc in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) had no significance. The expression of bc1-2 was higher in type M 4 and M5 than that in type M 1, M 2, and M 3(P0.05). The expression of c-myc in various types had no significance(P0.05). The expression of bc1-2 gene was significantly correlated with the WBC number without treated (R=0.44, P0.05) , the treatment outcome (R=-0.40, P0.05) and the expression of c-myc (R=0.51, P0.05); the expression of c-myc gene was significantly correlated with the WBC number without treated (R=0.50, P0.05). Conclusion: Abnormal expressions of bc1-2 and c-myc genes in AL indicated that they play a pivotal role in pathogenesis and progression of AL. These apoptosis-regulated genes were still related to some clinical features, treatment outcome and prognostic factors of leukemia.


The rational and appropriate allocation as well as scientific management of water resource is the cardinal and crucial part of the sustainability of regional development and integrated watershed management. Water footprint,as a comprehensive accounting indicator,reflecting the consumption of water resource due to human activities,connects human water expenditure directly and tightly with water utilization,which can translates human appropriation of fresh water into the volume or mass of water,and thus provides vital scientific analysis grounds of the maintenance of watershed water resource security and the improvement of regional water utilization efficiency,and has already become one of the frontier research fields of international water resources management. Firstly,based on the definitions of water footprint and water ecological footprint,which are the derivations of ecological footprint,and have already been the two main models used to calculate human use of water resource,this paper made comparative studies on water footprint,ecological footprint and water ecological footprint. Their similarities and differences are analyzed from the following four aspects: the origins and aims,fundamentals,footprint components and model applications. The results show that ecological footprint model,especially in its accounts setting idea,has significant impacts on both water footprint and water ecological footprint model,and water ecological footprint is regarded as a new emerged component of ecological footprint. However,compared with water ecological footprint,water footprint is a more comprehensive indicator to calculate the total annual volume of fresh water used to produce goods and services for consumption,and thus it can play a more important role in water resource management. Furthermore,the methods to calculate water footprint in process,product and region dimensions were explicated. Secondly,this paper reviewed the recent main research progresses on water footprint both in China and overseas from the following several aspects:( 1) the assessments of water footprint in product and region. More water footprints of processes and products are calculated and analyzed by foreign scholars,while case study of a region' s water footprint are booming all over the world;( 2) regional water resource security researches based on deep analyses of water footprint and some derived indices;( 3) the sustainability assessments of regional water footprint by comparing the blue,green water footprint with available fresh water resource and comparing the grey water footprint with assimilative capacity of the watershed. Thirdly,this study proposed the key issues for further research,and the themes are as follows:( 1) to make more comprehensive and integrated study on water footprint,including calculating and analyzing the quantity and structure of footprint,and then assessing the environmental,social and economic sustainability of water footprint,and finally making response plans,which are usually ignored;( 2) to make further study on the uncertainty of water footprint calculation,which could enable scientists to make precise statements about the degree of confidence they have in their evaluation and simulation-based predictions;( 3) to study the relationships between material flow accounting and water footprint,and make a joint research by integrating advantages from both of them;( 4) to develop a multi-dimensional measure of sustainable development based on "footprint family",including ecological footprint,carbon footprint and water footprint,then human appropriation of natural capital like land resource,water resource and energy resource can be fully accounted.


Due to many reasons such as the global warming,urban heat island effect and the geological concerns of nuclear waste disposal,temperature effects on the engineering properties of the clayey soils have being paid more and more attention.This paper uses the falling head permeability test to measure the permeability of clayey soils directly at various temperatures from 5 to 45℃.The soil samples are made from Nanjing Xiashu soil and silt clay.The results show that the temperature has significant impact on the permeability of the soil specimens.Firstly,the permeability increases upon heating;secondly,as the dry density of the clayey soil increases,the variation of permeability with temperature decreases correspondingly;thirdly,the mixed soil shows greater permeability than either silt clay or Nanjing Xiashu soil,and the silt clay's permeability is a bit higher than that of Nanjing Xiashu soil within the experimental temperature range from 5 to 45℃.Finally,the mechanism of temperature effects on the permeability of clayey soils is discussed in terms of the viscosity of water,the double layer and micro-meso structure change with temperature.


Trout collected from the Hanningfield Trout Farm in Essex, England, were found to be infected with Diplostomum spathaceum. Yearling rainbow trout were blinded with heavy infections of eyefluke, whereas brown trout of the same age carried one-tenth the number of flukes and were clear eyed. Both species were reared under identical conditions, in parallel rearing channels which received water from a common source. Samples showed that young fish exhibited a similar differential in their infestations, and that rainbow trout did not appear to be age-resistant. Laboratory infections produced by exposure of fish to suspensions of cercariae and injection of cercariae into the body cavity reflected the field results, indicating that ecological factors were not involved. Recovery of cercariae from host tissues, and histological observations of similar numbers entering both hosts, indicated that cercariae were able to survive penetration. Excised eye preparations were equally susceptible to infection. Two cm fry of both species were shown to be highly susceptible. Migration in brown trout took 3 h longer than in rainbow trout of the same size, many cercariae being found in the heart during this time. Two mechanisms of insusceptibility were suggested: (1) a greater impenetrability of brown trout tissues; (2) a disorientation of migrating cercariae in brown trout.


An attempt has been made in this paper to understand the undesirable volume changes in soil, due to interaction with high concentration of alkali solution, and its control using potassium and magnesium chloride salt solution. The result with soil mixed with water and inundated with 4N NaOH solution exhibited two stages of swelling, viz., steep initial swell followed by gradual swell, whereas the results with soil mixed with salt solutions showed that only the first stage of swelling is reduced, but the second stage of swelling that occurs in soil due to mineralogical changes cannot be controlled with these salts. o 31'E), India. The soil was collected by open excavation, from a depth of one meter from natural ground level. The soil was air dried and used after sieving through Indian Standard 425-micron sieve. The properties of soil are summarized in Table 1. Based on the index properties and the grain-size distribution, soil is classified as CH. X-ray diffraction studies show that the soil under study contains a mixed layered illite-smectite mineral as the dominant component.


Central issue in ecology are to identify the driving forces behind community diversity and the ways in which this biodiversity is maintained. Plant-insect associations form a significant part of the earth"s biodiversity and are widely studied for their reciprocal interactions. The aim of this thesis was to identify the role of intraspecific variation in plant traits in affecting the diversity and composition of the plant-associated insect community. Cultivars of White Cabbage, Brassica oleracea, that differ in a set of defensive traits were used as a model system in conjunction with their insect community. The system was studied using a multidisciplinary approach that included targeted gene expression and chemical analyses of plant responses to insects as well as an ecological approach on the effect of plant defensive characteristics on insect communities. This project includes laboratory and field experiments. The investigated B. oleracea cultivars differed widely in resistance to herbivorous insects, although the concentration of glucosinolates, secondary metabolites characteristic for Brassicaceae, did not correlate with cultivar resistance to herbivores. Herbivoresusceptible cultivars harboured higher abundance and diversity of herbivores compared to herbivore-resistant cultivars in the field. Both specialist and generalist herbivores of different feeding guilds covaried in higher abundance on herbivore-susceptible cultivars that characteristically had low concentrations of glucosinolates with a shorter side chain in their molecule structure. Induction of the B. oleracea cultivars by Pieris rapae herbivory resulted in differential induction of chemical plant defences such as indolyl-glucosinolates and volatile organic compounds such as methyl salicylate. The different composition of the volatile blend emitted by the cultivars resulted in differential attraction of parasitoids to cultivars in an olfactometer assay. Cultivars showing higher attraction in this assay harboured a higher proportion of parasitized caterpillars in the field. The differences in indirect resistance among accessions had a two-fold effect on abundance and diversity of hyperparasitoids that parasitize on cocoons of the primary parasitoids. First, the larger number of cocoons sustained a larger number of hyperparasitoids and second the hyperparasitoids were also attracted to the plant accession that was most attractive to primary parasitoids. The full set of P. rapae-induced plant responses also affected the herbivore community. Plants that were previously damaged by P. rapae had different gene transcription responses to secondary herbivory than when these herbivore species were feeding as primary herbivore on a plant. The subsequently feeding herbivore species were all impeded in their performance, but had contrasting host plant preference for induced plants. Generalist herbivores avoided plants that were previously damaged by P. rapae, whereas specialist herbivores preferred induced plants. Thereby, early-season herbivory by P. rapae resulted in higher herbivore abundance and species richness compared to plants that had not experienced early-season herbivory in the field. Plant responses to early-season herbivory resulted in induced resistance to generalists, but in induced susceptibility to specialist herbivores of different feeding guilds. In conclusion, the set of constitutive as well as inducible direct and indirect defensive traits of a plant affects the composition of the plant-associated insect community. The insect community as a whole should, therefore, be considered in studies of reciprocal selection between insects and defensive traits of plants.


Solidification in an enclosed space is investigated, considering conduction in the mold wall. This gives rise to a conjugate, transient problem, with the flow in the liquid driven by thermal buoyancy. An enthalpy formulation is used for the energy equation, with a porous medium approximation for the region undergoing phase change. The governing equations are solved using primitive variables in the physical space. The control volume approach is employed to discretize the equations. The numerical simulation of the phase change process is discussed in detail. The mold is subjected to different thermal conditions at the outer surface, and the effect of these on the shape of the solid-liquid interface, rate of solid formation, and rate of heat transfer quantified. Streamlines, isotherms, and velocity profiles are also obtained. The conditions under which natural convection in the melt can be neglected are investigated. The effects of important design parameters such as the mold material and width, aspect ratio of the cavity, and heat removal rate from the mold are considered in detail. A comparison is made of the important characteristics between the conjugate and nonconjugate cases. The differences in the numerical simulation of these two cases are investigated. Of particular interest aremore » the temperature distributions that arise in the liquid, solid, and mold. It is shown that conjugate transport must be included for a realistic simulation of practical problems.« less


The invention discloses a high-compactness concrete product molding machine. The machine comprises a bracket I, wherein the upper end of the brake I is provided with a vacuum vibration molding device; the front end of the vacuum vibration molding device is provided with a matching quantitative feeder; the lower end of the quantitative feeder is provided with a spreading surface material distributing machine; a matching bottom material distributing device is arranged at the rear end of the spreading fabric distributing machine and on the lower side of the vacuum vibration molding device; a steel mesh automatic laying device is arranged at the front end of the bottom material distributing device and at the lower end of the spreading surface material distributing machine; the front of the steel mesh laying device is provided with a matching brick receiver. The machine has the beneficial effects that high-compactness high-strength concrete products can be produced by using a vibration compression molding principle; particularly the conventional casting process is changed, the natural stone imitation concrete products are mechanically produced on a large scale, and extremely high economic benefit and social benefit are realized; the products are more compact, higher in strength, delicate, bright and clean in appearance and can be further deep-processed into decorative concrete products.


The holes completed during Leg 23A were drilled into largely pelagic carbonate sequences ranging in age from Recent to Paleocene as well as into the siliciclastic turbidites of the Indus Cone. They presented the opportunity to study carbonate and clay mineral diagenesis of sedimentary sequences that accumulated in the same basin. The clay minerals observed in the 1300-meter-deep Indus Cone borehole (Site 222) are illite, chlorite, kaolinite, 17Å and 11Å mixed-layer illite/montrnorillonite, and palygorskite. The first three of these clay minerals were brought into the basin by the Indus River, whereas the 17Å mixed layer was stripped from the continental shelf of India and redeposited by density currents into the deep sea. Palygorskite is either of eolian or authigenic origin. Under increasing overburden pressure progressive lithification of the clays takes place by compaction and expulsion of pore waters. Moreover, from 300 to 1300 meters a slight decrease of illite and a concomitant increase of 17Å mixed layers is also observed. Over the same depth range the peak width at half height of air-dried illite narrows. These changes are interpreted to indicate a breakdown of illite, a reduction of expandable layers in "open" illites, and a neoformation of 17Å mixed-layer illite/ montmorillonite. Hence, clay mineral diagenesis starts at much shallower depths than previously believed. Investigation of the nannofossil carbonates recovered at Sites 220 and 223 demonstrates that compaction only accounts for the transformation of soft to stiff ooze. Further lithification and reduction of porosity takes place by cementation which increases with depth. The top of the semilithified chalk marks the limit where the grain framework is stabilized by cementation at point contacts. It is at this stage that the fossils begin to exhibit progressive changes with depth. First, precipitation of overgrowth cement on discoasters is observed. Below about 100 meters the individual segments of coccoliths also start accreting secondary calcite. With increasing depth, accretionary growth on these segments bridges the space between plaeolith shields, finally filling it completely. Moreover, precipitation of calcite overgrowths also fuses micarb particles causing further induration of the sediment. At even greater depths the central fields of coccoliths are clogged, and calcite crystals have grown into foraminiferal chambers. Lithification of nanno oozes in the deep-sea environment is largely accomplished by dissolution of supersoluble particles, pressure solution and reprecipitation of syntaxial low magnesian calcite overgrowths on discoasters, coccoliths, and micarb grains (autolithification). It is not related to age of the sediment and is less controlled by depth than by primary carbonate content. A sudden rise of the original carbonate content subsequently causes a lithification front which also appears on the seismogram. Early silicification affected some Eocene chalks. The silica is derived from organic opal and is reprecipitated as low-cristobalite spherules. Silicification postdates precipitation of overgrowth cements in these intervals. It is concluded that lithification of clays and of pelagic carbonates is achieved through entirely different processes which operate at different rates. Generally, pelagic carbonates become lithified at much shallower depths.


This paper are concentrated on low-speed surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous generator (LS-SMPMSG) electromagnetic design using finite-element (FEM)-based method. Introduced LS-SMPMSG as an important generator in the industry is utilized in marine energy conversion (MEC) and tidal energy conversion (TEC) systems. The main feature of the designed LS-SMPMSG exhibited is its ability to generate electrical power in MEC and TEC systems at a low speed of approximatively 100 rpm. In this paper, a new slot structure for LS-SMPMSG has been proposed to enhance the LS-SMPMSG performance. The FEM analysis and comparing results shows that the new slot structure reduced the torque ripple and the cogging torque equal to 19.54% and 87.5%. respectively. Also, it influenced the LS-SMPMSG Joule losses by reducing it close to 16.1%. Another advantage of the new slot structure of LS-SMPMSG is its easy construction and assembly. The FEM analysis as a powerful method validates the advantages of the proposed structure.


The aim of this essay was to examine how an abusive man is perceived from a professional point of view. We examined if the male abusers had certain traits in common, what causes a man to abuse and what treatment there is for the abuser. Socialstyrelsens reports 2006 that violence against women in Sweden is estimated to a cost of 2,7 to 3,3 billlion a year. Based on qualitative interviews with semi structured interviews we gathered our information from six professionals who have experience within the area. The result of the study shows that there aren't any specific differences when it comes to social background, such as income or social status in regards of the abuser. As far as personal traits we found that the men had certain things in common, such as low self-esteem, relationship difficulties, insecurity and that they frequently felt inferior. Furthermore we also found that violence in their upbringing was the most common reason to why these men engaged themselves in violence. Power and control were the most crucial other factors to the emergence of violence. As far as treatment goes, different types of therapy seemed to be the most helpful in their recovery, both individual or in group sessions.


In a way not possible in humans, cancer prevention scientists have used animal models to study the role of genes, molecular pathways and networks, and environmental factors that relate to carcinogenesis. These studies are also designed to qualify the animal model as an eventual source of preclinical


From the aspects of providing E-learning platform,and promoting advanced culture,etc.,this paper discusses the irreplaceable functions of the library in constructing the harmonious society.


Numero 96 Septiembre - Diciembre 1999 Nueva Serie Ano XXXII ISSN 0041 8633 LOS MEDIOS DE COMUNICACION MASIVA Y EL ESTADO DE DERECHO, LA DEMOCRACIA, LA POLITICA Y LA ETICA Jorge CARPIZO Without a doubt, the mass media constitute actually a manner of power, for they possess instruments and mechanisms that allow to impose their ideological load on individuals, conditioning, thus, their behaviour. The same goes for other powers and organizations. Given that the media are nowa-days indispensable to society and to democratic systems, the author believes that one of the most important actual challen-ges is to subordinate the mass media to the State of Law without impairing the freedom of speech that must be exercised only within ethical and legal limits. * Nota: Debido que la traduccion es automatica podra ser inexacta o contener errores.


This study explores big and tall men as an untapped market. More specifically, the study was designed to segment the big and tall men's apparel market by their clothing involvementand investigate its relationships to consumer characteristics and clothing shopping behavior. The big and tall men (n=172) reflected a wide range of clothing involvement and were classified into three groups: "low, " "medium, " and "high" involved consumers. These three groups were compared on consumer characteristics such as clothing orientations, lifestyle activities, and demographic characteristics and clothing shopping behaviors such as satisfaction with clothing shopping experiences and clothing buying practices. Managerial implications are provided for big and tall manufacturers and retailers.


Group Areas Removals in the Western Cape: The Individual Case of Mr Bawa Khalfeys's Shop- Paper Presented at National Conference on 11 March 1980 discussing: Forced Removals, leasehold system, labour, Group Areas Act.


This paper presents a scale developed to classify organizations through cluster analysis as being exploiters, explores, ambidextrous or with no defined orientation. The theoretical framework helps identify that the concepts associated with exploration and exploitation may be classified into six practical dimensions: organizational knowledge practices, innovative practices, competition, strategic orientation , organizational efficiency and partnerships. After stripping the data, the scale was underpinned by 45 attributes related to these dimensions. Convergent and divergent validity statistics are presented resulting from a questionnaire being applied to 249 respondents from companies located in Brazil.


With this start-up control apparatus it is intended to reduce the starting jerk at elevators resulting from superimposing the motor cut-on moment and load moment and to improve the starting comfort of the elevator passengers. The brake magnet of the electromechanical holding brake of the elevator is connected for this purpose with a regulation device, by means of which there can be linearly decreasingly controlled the braking force during the elevator's start-up, so that there can be obtained a linearly ascending start-up moment of the drive. The linear decrease of the braking force first appears following decay of the cut-on moment peak of the drive motor. This can be obtained by optimum correlation of the start-up time point of a reference value transmitter of the regulation device and the drive motor as well as the proportional part (P-part) of the reference value transmitter, whose transfer function approximately corresponds to the time behavior of a PI-regulator. The cut-on moment peak can only have an inappreciable effect, since the brake spring is dimensioned such that the mechanical brake moment amounts to 3-fold to 3.5-fold of the motor rated moment or torque.


This research aims to analyze in order to find out the mistakes of Asyifa 44 Junior High School students in solving problems on circle material. Has a qualitative descriptive method. The data taken in the study were the results of the answers of 20 junior high school students in class IX of SMP. The instrument used includes a test instrument in the form of circular material questions as many as 6 items. Processing in this study using triangulation. Some of the mistakes made by students when solving circle material problems include: (1) mistakes in distinguishing several elements of the circle, (2) completing half of the answers, (3) not using long units, (4) unable to prove the relationship between the perimeter angle with the center angle, (5) have not been able to find a number pattern, (6) are wrong in comparing images, (7) cannot conclude a solution. Problems with the largest percentage were number 1 at 90%, and questions with the lowest percentage were number 3 at 20%.


The purpose of this litterature review is to illustrate the nursing care to patient with chronic pain. As a theoretic frame for this study we choose Aron Antonowsky. The results of this study are based on 8 scientific articles. The findings are presented in main categories and ideas. The findings show that chronic pain is a multidimensional phenomenon that influences peoples quality of life in a physical, psychological as well as social way. Information and support are the most important element in nursing care. From the patients perspektive the most significant part was believing in the person and acknowledgment of what causes the pain.


Aim: Against the background of the rising number of elderly people being incarcerated and the rare data on this special subgroup, the aim of our study was to collect first empirical data on the affective state of elderly prisoners in North Rhine Westphalia, Germany. Methods: Data were collected in nine German prisons. We included elderly prisoners from pretrial prevention, penal sentences, open enforcement, preventive detention and from special detention units for elderly inmates. For the evaluation of the affective state, we used the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Sociodemographic and crime-related characteristics were documented. Findings: In total, n=116 prisoners (91.4% male) were included. The age ranged from 53 to 91 years (65.6±6.3 years). In our sample, 48% reported at least mild depressive symptoms, which is a significantly higher prevalence of depressive symptomatology than in the general population aged 60 years and older. Differences were found with regard to the type of detention, as prisoners in open enforcement showed significantly less symptoms compared to those in pretrial prevention and preventive detention. The participants reported in general more somatic symptoms as sleep disturbances and fatigue compared to mood items as feelings of sadness. Originality: It is the first study assessing the affective state of older prisoners in Germany. The high rate of depressive symptoms in our sample is in line with findings from international studies underlining the need for adequate diagnostics and therapy. In addition, in a previous study depression was indirectly linked with a greater risk of re-incarceration, fortifying the need for successful treatment of depression in prison both for the individuum and for society.


There is increasing evidence to indicate that metal pre-exposure may mediate the subsequent metal uptake from the dietary or dissolved phase by marine invertebrates. In this study, we examined the detoxification and the effects of Ag, Cd, or Zn pre-exposure on the metal uptake of the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. The relationships between metal body burden and metal uptake of Ag, Cd, Hg, and Zn were also concurrently examined. Radiotracers 110m Ag, 109 Cd, 203 Hg, and 65 Zn were used to chase the metal uptake in the clams. The clams accumulated Ag and Cd over time, but there was not a significant Zn accumulation. Metallothionein played a role in the detoxification of Ag and Cd, but the insoluble fraction was also the detoxification pool for Cd and Zn. Generally, metal pre-exposure did not greatly affect metal uptake. Ag pre-exposure had no effect on dietary Ag uptake. Cd and Zn pre-exposure increased Zn dietary uptake by 10%. After 2 wk Ag exposure and 3 wk of Cd or Zn exposure, Cd and Hg dissolved uptake was reduced by 2 to 6 times. However, these effects mainly appeared during the earlier part of the exposure period (i.e. up to Weeks 2 or 3). The effects of metal exposure on uptake of dissolved Cd and Hg were related to the coupling relationships of dissolved metal uptake between the 2 metals and other metals (Ag and Cd or Hg; Cd and Hg; Zn and Hg). The effects on dietary and dissolved uptake of all metals were independent of Ag, Cd or Zn body burden; thus, metal body burdens may not necessarily indicate the potential metal uptake of marine clams in the environment. Our data have important implications for kinetic modeling predicting metal uptake by marine clams.


Onthe ground of the experimental studies the articleclarifies the reasons that significantly affect the efficiency of scientific research of academicstaff (overloading by educational work, obsolete and poor material and technical base, weak contacts with leading academic institutions). The following solutions are proposed in order to overcome the identified negative factors: to involve the scientists of scientific research institutions in scientific research at higher school; to establish joint basic research laboratories, research centers, centers of innovations, departments and other institutions; to implement an effective system of incentives for scientific research activities of academicstaff of higher educational institutions.


This internship consisted of two tasks. One was to develop a unit that would serve as a guide to teachers and students in carrying out studies of their community. The unit consists of 17 lesson plans that would take approximately one semester to complete. The unit aimed at having the students ask questions and seek out their own information on the community. The second task was to field test this unit to determine its validity and to see whether studying this unit would influence the students' attitudes towards their community and towards Social Studies in general. -- An attitude scale, the Semantic Differential, was used as a pre- and posttest to determine the students' attitudes prior to the unit and again when the unit was completed. The results of the study indicate that the unit did result in more positive attitudes towards the concepts tested, i.e., My Neighbourhood, My School, My Social Studies Class, My Community, Learning About My Community, and People in My Community. These results were corroborated by the results of student questionnaire which were highly favourable. Eighty-four per cent of the students responded that they preferred this type of study to their regular work, and 98 per cent responded that they felt this type of study was important.


Multidrug resistance is a growing problem in parasitic nematodes. In pathogens and tumor cells, multidrug resistance is mediated by enzymes that detoxify xenobiotics. The transcription factor SKN‐1 activates detoxification genes and is essential for development in C. elegans. Pharmacological compounds that target SKN‐1 would provide new tools for studying multidrug resistance and have the potential to inhibit embryonic development and drug resistance in adults. We identified the WD40 repeat protein WDR‐23 as a potent regulator of SKN‐1. Importantly, the homologous mammalian transcription factor Nrf2 is regulated by a distinct pathway and binds DNA by a distinct mechanism. We propose WDR‐23/SKN‐1 as a promising target for drugs that inhibit embryonic development, xenobiotic detoxification, and drug resistance in nematodes without affecting mammalian hosts. The small size, simple culturing characteristics, and genetic tractability of C. elegans make it an ideal system to screen for SKN‐1 inhibitors. We have developed a fluorescent‐based 1536‐well plate assay to measure SKN‐1 activity in C. elegans. Pilot screens with the Spectrum library and Library of Pharmacologically Active Compounds (LOPAC1280) indicate that our assay is amenable for HTS in whole animals. Inhibitors would provide tools for studying the function of SKN‐1 in parasitic species. This work is funded by NIH grant R21NS067678‐01.


Using the relationship between biϋnear functional and linear operators we obtain some theorems on the extension of bilinear f unctionals. To extend bilinear f isnctionals in Hubert Spaces a special constructional process is given which is a generalization of the usual inner product. This allows the construction of bilinear functionals with special properties. In particular it allows a generalization of the Lax-Milgram Theorem. We also extend the Lax-Milgram Theorem to reflexive Banach Spaces.


Macrocycles have developed into the most active and promising research areas of chemical science. Owning to the stable structure, complexation properties and diversity coordination with transition metal, phosphorus macrocycles are attractive and interesting molecules with potential applications in host-guest chemistry and supramolecular catalyst. The development of phosphorus macrocycles have become the important host of supramolecular chemistry. Here we reviewed the development of phosphorus macrocycles in recent years and their application in supramolecular chemistry.


Currently available design tools for passive and active solar system are limited to either overly simplistic rules of thumb or costly time consuming, analysis requiring technical expertise. The procedure for developing a quick, simple and accurate method that will fill the gap between these existing design tools is presentd here. The resulting point system is designed to be used by non-technical persons including builders, homeowners, and prospective homebuyers. With its reasonable level of accuracy and ease of use, it is anticipated that a point system will also be widely used by architects and designers during the preliminary design of residential buildings. The steps involved in developing this type of simple tool from detailed simulation techniques are explained. Two case studies are then presented.


In a supply chain,firms are often faced with the competing demands of improved customer service and reduced cost.Author expends the LMRPVCC to construct the location problem of risking pool based on variable cost of construction with punishment cost or compensation cost.In monopolization market,logistics corporation may use punishment policy;in weak position in market,logistics corporations may face compensation policy in order to hold more customers.Author use particle swarm optimization algorithm to find suboptimum solutions.The numerical examples are given separately along with the models to evaluate the effectiveness of the models.


PURPOSE: A method for forming construction panel which can help to lighten the weight of construction material as well as recycle the same in an environmentally friendly way is provided by employing oyster shell, kaoline, yellow ocher, boulder powder, porphyry, charcoal, scourings from other crops, and fallen leaves in panel or block used for construction material. CONSTITUTION: A method for manufacturing construction panel is characterized by grinding 40-50wt% of oyster shell pieces, 25-30wt% of kaoline powder, 5-15wt% of yellow ocher, 10-15wt% of boulder powder, charcoal and pieces of porphyry, 5wt% of scourings from rice or buckwheat, fallen leaves and the like in milling machine; mixing well and compressing the mixture; wherein the compression force is 260-280kg.f/cm¬2 when used for interior finishing material, while it is in a range of 280-300kg.f/cm¬2 when used for exterior finishing material. The shape can be varied depending on its use. When used for exterior finishing material, it should be undergone one to three times of heat treatment to have water-proof property after it has been molded.


Electricity generation utilising encroacher bush is in line with key national and local development priorities as outlined in key policies such as the Harambee Prosperity Plan, Vision 2030 and the Fifth National Development Plan (NDP5). The biomass power plant will contribute towards an improved agricultural carrying capacity of the farmland where encroacher bush has been harvested, providing employment opportunities, local economic growth and skills development.


M ANY decapod crustaceans have been shown to respond to a variety of stimuli-such as asphyxia, chloroform, and injections of adrenaline, distilled water, hydroquinone, quinine, and hypertonic sodium chloride-with an increase in their blood-glucose level (Stott, 1932; Roche and Dumazert, 1935; Kalmus and Waldes, 1936; Florkin and Duchateau, 1939; Kleinholz and Little, 1949; Kleinholz, Havel, and Reichart, 1950). This hyperglycemic response is mediated by a protein diabetogenic hormone which is released in the eyestalk and which is under the control of the central nervous system. Even crowding and excessive handling may produce the hyperglycemic response (Abramowitz, Hisaw, and Papandrea, 1944), and Kleinholz et al. (1950) have shown that hyperglycemia produced by asphyxia or by injecting 0.7%~ NaCl may be prevented by first severing the sinusgland nerves. Blood-glucose concentration and hyperglycemic response have differed considerably among individual specimens (Kleinholz and Little, 1949; Scheer and Scheer, 1950-52; Kleinholz et al., 1961). A study of hyperglycemic responses in


The synthesis of (5-nitro-2-pyridyl) 2-deoxy-1-thioglycosides is presented. Obtained compounds were used in the synthesis of uridine derivatives, potential glycosyltransferases inhibitors. In the first stage of the research 2-deoxyglucose and 2-deoxygalactose were connected to aglycone (nitropyridine derivative) via alpha-1-thioglycosidic bond. Therefore, protected 1.2-unsaturated D-glucose or D-galactose derivatives were treated with 2-thio-5-nitropyridine in the presence of the catalyst. In the next step nitro group in the aglycone was reduced in the reaction with the use of zinc dust in acetic acid. Then, these compounds were connected to selectively protected uridine derivatives by amide bond with or without succinic spacer. The obtained glycoconjugates differ in the protecting group of the carbohydrate part and in the presence of the spacer between the sugar and uridine moiety.


Stable, holomorphic vector bundles are constructed on an torus fibered, non-simply connected Calabi-Yau threefold using the method of bundle extensions. Since the manifold is multiply connected, we work with equivariant bundles on the elliptically fibered covering space. The cohomology groups of the vector bundle, which yield the low energy spectrum, are computed using the Leray spectral sequence and fit the requirements of particle phenomenology. The physical properties of these vacua were discussed previously. In this paper, we systematically compute all relevant cohomology groups and explicitly prove the existence of the necessary vector bundle extensions. All mathematical details are explained in a pedagogical way, providing the technical framework for constructing heterotic standard model vacua.


As the need to repair and improve the existing public infrastructure (roads, bridges, and water systems) has increased in recent years, so has the need to find additional funds to finance these projects. Many public agencies are turning to private finance to help develop their infrastructure projects. This is not a new delivery method in the United States or internationally, but one that is becoming increasingly popular in recent years. The report will describe how public agencies in the US and internationally (NZ) are currently evaluating how to determine whether a project should be delivered through a Public Private Partnership by use of a Value for Money Analysis. Public agencies need to evaluate if the public dollars are being spent the most efficient way possible, by getting the most value for their money. Private finance may not always be the least expensive option as debt service is not free, but the value gained through private involvement and economies of scale may be enough to offset, and sometimes outweigh, the cost of the debt service. This research will describe the evaluation process public agencies are using today and report on a model a public agency could use as an evaluation tool while analyzing if private finance is a good option for their project. This will be a comparative study of two different public agencies from two different countries, Virginia Department of Transportation and the New Zealand Transport Authority.


In sort to study the result of sodium fluoride on g ermination and growth of Cicer arietinum L. cv. Anu radha under fluoride stress. The experiment was conducted as fa ctorial with completely randomized design with thre e replicates. The factor of the experiment are different levels o f NaF concentrations (0,25,50,75, and 100ppm).the r esult showed that increased fluoride content would decrease the components of germination including germination per centage root length and shoot length and wet weight of the seedling. Chlorophyll contents were also decreased in seedling under fluoride stress.


In 2016, 42249 Americans fatally overdosed on an opioid (1). Although prescribing of opioid analgesics has declined thanks to greater awareness and new guidelines, increasing numbers of individuals are initiating opioid use with heroin, and nearly half of the fatal opioid overdoses in 2016 involved fentanyl and synthetic analogues. Expanding access to medications for opioid use disorder (OUD) is essential if we are to reverse these trends. The opioid agonist methadone, the partial agonist buprenorphine, and the antagonist naltrexone in its extended-release formulation have been repeatedly shown to reduce opioid use and its health consequences, including overdose, compared with behavioral therapy alone or no treatment (24). Methadone and buprenorphine (the oldest and most thoroughly studied medications) have also been shown to improve social functioning; reduce other medical complications associated with OUD, such as infectious disease transmission; and reduce criminality. Despite this evidence, fewer than half of persons with an OUD receive medication for it, and the average treatment lasts less than 6 months. The study by Larochelle and colleagues (5) (which is, to our knowledge, the first prospective cohort study of patients enrolled from an emergency department who had had a nonfatal opioid overdose) further solidifies the evidence of the benefits of methadone and buprenorphine in preventing opioid-related deaths. The authors looked at mortality and medication-assisted treatment (MAT) use or nonuse among 17568 opioid overdose survivors over 12 months after overdose. Both methadone and buprenorphine were associated with significant reductions in opioid-related and all-cause mortality (5). No association was found for treatment with naltrexone, although this might reflect the limited number of participants who received it. This study also highlights the gross underuse of these effective medications. All persons in the study population had a history of overdose, which is a recognized risk factor for future overdoses. However, just 30% (n = 5273) received any medication for OUD in the year after overdose: 11% received methadone for a median of 5 months, 17% buprenorphine for a median of 4 months, and 6% naltrexone for a median of 1 month (these tallies were not mutually exclusive because 5% of the sample received more than 1 medication). This number is consistent with the OUD treatment gap shown by national data. According to the Treatment Episode Data Set maintained by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 37% of patients treated in specialty facilities for a heroin use disorder and 31% for a nonheroin OUD had treatment plans that included MAT in 2015 (6). The number is also consistent with the low treatment retention rates reported in the Treatment Episode Data Set: Approximately 50% of patients who start MAT for OUD interrupt it within the first 6 months. This highlights the need for interventions to facilitate treatment retention. Larochelle and colleagues' results are also alarming because, although participants met criteria for OUD and had had an overdose, many were subsequently given prescriptions for opioids (34%) or benzodiazepines (26%) in the 12 months after the overdose. This indicates that guidelines cautioning against prescription opioids and their co-use with benzodiazepines are not being followed. Overall, the findings identify major deficiencies in OUD treatment, including underuse of MAT and a fracture in the engagement of health care on how to manage OUD. Stigma is a root reason for both. Despite increased integration of the opioid treatment system with the rest of health care (thanks to health care reform), policy and infrastructural factors continue to impede MAT uptake. Treatment facilities often lack medical personnel who can prescribe medications; even if staff at opioid treatment programs are able to dispense methadone, they may not be waivered to prescribe buprenorphine. In addition, insurers may not cover all forms of MAT, and when they do, coverage is usually subjected to limits on duration that lessen treatment effectiveness. Receiving an agonist medication for maintenance is pharmacodynamically distinct from sustaining an addiction to prescription analgesics or illicit opioids (7), yet misperceptions that methadone and buprenorphine substitute a new addiction for an old one persist. Where maintenance medications are used, they are often prescribed for too short a time or at too low a dose. According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, nearly half of patients receiving buprenorphine in opioid treatment facilities receive 90 days or fewer of continuous treatment with this medication (8), indicating that many providers are not following evidence-based practices. Several strategies might increase MAT delivery to those at risk for opioid overdose, including initiating buprenorphine therapy in the emergency department for overdose survivors and linking them to treatment by a primary care physician waivered to continue providing the medication (9). Currently, hospital physicians may administer, but not prescribe, buprenorphine or methadone for up to 3 days. Other approaches to increase MAT use (Table) include engaging persons with OUD in criminal justice settings into treatment, such as prescribing MAT during incarceration or initiating it before release; these measures have been shown to reduce opioid use and overdoses after reentry into the community (10). Table. MAT Facilitators A great part of the tragedy of this opioid crisis is that, unlike in previous such crises America has seen, we now possess effective treatment strategies that could address it and save many lives, yet tens of thousands of people die each year because they have not received these treatments. Larochelle and colleagues' study reveals the challenges in changing attitudes toward MAT and overcoming infrastructural barriers across the health care system to treat OUD. Ending the crisis will require changing policies to make these medications more accessible and educating primary care and emergency providers, among others, that opioid addiction is a medical illness that must be treated aggressively with the effective tools that are available. To do this, we must remove the stigma from the disease of addiction and from the medications that can be used to treat it.


The history of land utilization in Scandinavia is characterized by two major periods of open landscape. The first one temporal ranged from cal. AD 0-500 and the second one ranged from cal. AD 1200- ...


A method is proposed for simulating analogue circuits, represented by their transfer functions, in an event-driven simulator. Analogue waveforms may be voltage or current, and are represented by a piecewise linear approximate. A novel timestep control technique is presented, whereby individual models maintain this approximation within tolerances, permitting different timesteps in different parts of the circuit. The method is demonstrated by the simulation of an FM receiver architecture.<<ETX>>


This article examines the basic connotation of talented people in science and technology management, investigates and analyses the current situation of specialized subject in science and technology management at home(Including Taiwan) and abroad.After requirement analysis of Guangdong talented people in science and technology management,this article gives some countermeasures on the goal and approach of training talented people in science and technology management


Based on the principle of presumption of innocence,a nation shouldn't deter a citizen unless she or he is proved to be guilty.Butb ecause of the limit of the country's logos,the citizen has the responsibility of cooperating in resolving the criminal lawsuit,and the responsibility isn ot especially for a citizen at will,the function of fact possibility is to differentiate the citizen who has the responsibility of cooperation from generalc itizen.Meanwhile,the nation shouldn't prosecute a crime at all costs because of the risk of lawsuit,and the function of condition about severity ofc rime is to achieve the balance between cost and punishment.The arrest is not a punished measure but procedural one,the condition of necessityo n lawsuit guarantee is to embody exactly the character of arrestment.Newly amendment on legislation should design the substantive condition ofa rrestment according to the above three aspects to achieve the normal principle that custody-for-judgment is exceptional.


— Remote Monitoring System is widely used application which needs to be precise and compact. Project proposes an innovative design and development of remote monitoring system for a three-phase generator based on arduino and Zigbee Wireless device. The arduino controls the three phase generator by monitoring the current, voltage, temperature and power. Parameters can also be monitored by android phone interfaced to WiFi module. The Zigbee-based wireless device is used as a long range communication channel between the transmitter and receiver Modules. WiFi area is created using ESP8266 WiFi module. Monitoring can also be done through the android devices which are connected to the wireless local area network (WLAN). An alert system is enabled through arduino if the load current is more than the full load capacity of the generator.


Brochure for the 3rd AfriCanadian Playwrights Festival held in Toronto, April 2003. Its director was Governor General Award-winning playwright Djanet Sears.


This paper presents three principles for the design and construction of objectoriented operating systems. These principles are based on the design of Choices, an object-oriented operating system that is implemented on the Encore Multimax shared memory multiprocessor. Choices is written entirely in C++, an object-oriented language that supports inheritance through class hierarchies. C++ is compiled, rather than interpreted, so Choices executes directly on the hardware without any special run-time support. The rst principle is to model the hardware/system software interface by a framework of interacting components. The state of the model should re ect the state of the hardware and manipulation of the model should modify the state of the hardware. The second principle is to provide a uniform mechanism for application-to-system and for application-to-application communications. In an object-oriented operating system architecture this should be the invocation of a method on an instance of a system or application object. The third principle is to organize an object-oriented operating system as a member of a family of operating systems. This family should be represented as a class hierarchy that forms a taxonomy for operating system algorithms and data structures. We discuss these principles using examples taken from the Choices family of operating systems.


"CXCL16 protects against oxygen and glucose deprivation‐induced injury in human microvascular endothelial cells‐1: Potential role in ischemic stroke," by Min Wang, Ruiting Liu, J Cell Physiol. 2019; 20149–20160: The above article, published online on April 3, 2019 in Wiley Online Library (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jcp.28616), has been retracted by agreement between the journal's Editor in Chief, Prof. Dr. Gregg Fields, and Wiley Periodicals LLC.


Flesh Chicken leg disease often occurs during the breeding,especially the chick easily is affected,which inflences heavily their prcoduction and reduces the farmer's iincome.This thesis summarized the diagnosis and treatment for Parents-for-meat Chick Leg Disease,and the primary diagnosis is that the chick was affected by bacteria which is sensitive to AMOXICILLIN.


How can urban animals, beyond cockroaches and pigeons, be considered &dquo;wildlife&dquo;? In this clear and insightful book, Lowell W. Adams not only helps define exactly what urban wildlife is, but also shows how mankind can manage the urban setting to better accommodate the myriad of birds, mammals, fish and insects that are a part of every populated setting. Long before man built the first cities, the food chains and the cycles of succession dominated life on our planet. While within cities our these


..........................................................................................................................................3 Chapter 1: Introduction................................................................................................................4 Chapter 2: Literature Review.......................................................................................................6 U.S. Population & Language Use....................................................................................7 Museum Attendance.....................................................................................................11 The Importance of Museums to Society.....................................................................14 Bridging the Accessibility Gap......................................................................................18 Case Studies....................................................................................................................23 The Children's Discovery Museum of San Jose.............................................24 The Bilingual Exhibits Research Initiative (BERI)...........................................30 What's Next?.........................................................................................................37 Chapter 3: Project Proposal & Analysis...................................................................................39 Definitions.......................................................................................................................39 Case Studies: Analysis & Conclusion...........................................................................41 Project Proposal.............................................................................................................43 Goals & Objectives.........................................................................................................44 Potential Stakeholders...................................................................................................47 Financial Resources........................................................................................................49 Team Members..............................................................................................................50 Chapter 4: Summary & Conclusion..........................................................................................53 Appendices...................................................................................................................................55 Appendix A: Annotated Bibliography..........................................................................55 Appendix B: Population & Language Graphs.............................................................73 Appendix C: Financial Resources Graphs....................................................................78 Bibliography.................................................................................................................................79


We report a simple, one-pot solution-processing synthesize of nitrogen (N) and boron (B) co-doped in few-layered graphene by submerged liquid plasma exfoliation (SLPE) was developed. Simultaneous graphite exfoliation and N, and B co-doping in few layered graphene nanosheets (NB-GNs) were produced by micro-plasma discharge at the graphite tip immersed in the acetonitrile (ACN) solvent containing sodium tetraphenylborate. Higher boron contents led to an amorphous nano-carbon, while a few-layered NB-GNs was obtained at low boron content in the ACN reaction mixture. To analyze the structural defect, nanosheets morphology, N and B co-doping in few-layered graphene, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (TEM-EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used. This solution-processing strategy will be useful for the practical option of exploring a large family of two-dimensional (2D) materials.


Our present model related to Sustainable Development has followed our current day way of thinking, that is, it depends heavily on the use of rational and logical thinking. With this dominant system of thinking we have been having only limited success in the whole world of Sustainable Development. Following the new research by Iain McGilchrist, related to Right and Left Hemisphere brain thinking processes, and its long history we are now being able to see more clearly the actual work of each hemisphere.In the conventional process to date most right hemisphere brain thinking in organizations has somehow become excluded over many generations, and in society as a whole only left brain logical, rational thinking has been accepted as valid. Now we have new research that reveals some incredible and different abilities that indicate clearly the Genuine Value of our right brain in our overall thinking about Life and Work in our society in general.This new research turns the table as such, allowing the right hemisphere of our brain its true and indispensible role for ALL sustainable development work. This short paper develops these revelations and their benefits for humanity and our organizations in all we attempt to do every day everywhere. As a result, we will then truly begin to accept that the right hemisphere of our brain is our Master and the left hemisphere is our Emissary. This new research forms a genuine and careful place for the Right hemisphere in all that we plan in life and work every day as well as the importance of the left hemisphere as its Emissary, (not the Master as is presently the case), as well as a new viable Balance between all Right and Left brain thinking in all dimensions of business, community development and everyday life.


The effect of laser radiation polarization on the photoionization of lutetium is studied using three-stage scheme 5d6s2 2D3/2−5d6s6p 4Fo5/2−5d6s7s 4D3/2−(53375 cm−1)o1/2. It is shown that in a number of cases, there is a limitation of photoionization associated with the features of coherent photoexcitation.


Frequent change in ambient conditions requires precise control of the desiccant solution operating parameters to suit the required conditioned space load. Either of the two control strategies shall be adopted for this, which are the dehumidifier solution inlet temperature (DSIT) control strategy and the dehumidifier solution inlet mass flow rate (DSIM) control strategy. This article aims to study the efficient control strategy selection approach for a specific air conditioning application since it leads to energy savings as well as thermal comfort. Initially, the optimum desiccant mass flow rate will be found for the liquid desiccant air conditioning system at peak ambient conditions. And the effect of the control strategies on system performance has been analytically investigated at different ambient conditions. A significant reduction in the solution heat addition rate has been observed with both control strategies with the addition of an air-solution heat exchanger. It has also been seen that the required chiller load is nearly same with both control strategies but a little drop (3%–14.5% variation) was observed with the DSIT strategy at low ambient conditions. However, a considerable drop in solution pumping power due to the significant reduction in solution mass flow rate and its pressure drop with the DSIM strategy suggests that it is an energy-efficient control strategy.