The author shows that, if the inter- or intramolecular associations and the particular case of ring strain are excluded, the vibration frequency of the carbonyl band is especially influenced by the electronic effects of neighbouring groups.

He attempts to explain by the inductive and mesomeric effects of the X groups, the sequence of the carbonyl frequency characteristic of esters, aldehydes and ketones.

He points out that, in the case of α-substituted compounds, the splitting of the carbonyl band is easily interpreted by rotational isomerism introducing a discrimination between normal and field inductive effects.

While the carbonyl frequency seems to be a complex function of inductive and mesomeric effects, the intensity of carbonyl band appears to be chiefly dependent on mesomerism and so, promises to be a powerful tool for the study of conjugation and steric effects.


—Stout Iguanas (Cyclura pinguis) remain one of the most critically endangered reptiles in the world. Factors contributing to that status include habitat loss, predation by introduced species, and competition with introduced herbivores. On Guana Island, British Virgin Islands, the presence of feral sheep (Ovis aries) has been a hypothesized detriment to iguanas. Using motion sensitive cameras, we documented the distribution of feral sheep on Guana Island in 2010. We also quantified the impact of feral sheep on ground vegetation by comparing plant abundance at longterm sheep exclosures and areas where sheep were absent to areas where sheep were present. Finally, we compared sheep distribution to iguana distribution on the island. The co-occurrence of sheep and Stout Iguanas was less than expected, indicating possible competition. Although we detected no difference in vegetative cover between areas where sheep were present and absent, the long-term exclosures showed that the exclusion of sheep allowed the abundance of many plant species to increase. Our data support the hypothesis that feral sheep are altering the abundance of ground-level vegetation and limiting iguana distribution on the island. 7 IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS • VO 15, NO 4 • DEC 2008 189 TABLE OF CONTENTS T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S F E A T U R E A R T I C L E S  Chasing Bullsnakes (Pituophis catenifer sayi) in Wisconsin: On the Road to Understanding the Ecology and Conservation of the Midwest's Giant Serpent ...................... Joshua M. Kapfer 190  The Shared History of Treeboas (Corallus grenadensis) and Humans on Grenada: A Hypothetical Excursion ............................................................................................................................Robert W. Henderson 198 R E S E A R C H A R T I C L E S  The Texas Horned Lizard in Central and Western Texas ....................... Emily Henry, Jason Brewer, Krista Mougey, and Gad Perry 204  The Knight Anole (Anolis equestris) in Florida .............................................Brian J. Camposano, Kenneth L. Krysko, Kevin M. Enge, Ellen M. Donlan, and Michael Granatosky 212 C O N S E R V A T I O N A L E R T  World's Mammals in Crisis ............................................................................................................................................................. 220  More Than Mammals ...................................................................................................................................................................... 223  The "Dow Jones Index" of Biodiversity ........................................................................................................................................... 225


Background. anti-dFs70 antibodies are a subgroup of antinuclear antibodies (aNa). they are connected with the dense fine speckled autoantigen of 70 kd, known as the lens epithelium-derived growth factor p75. Objectives. the objective of the review is to present the role of anti-dFs70 antibodies in the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases on the basis of recent publications. Material and methods. the authors searched for articles in the Pubmed database using the key words: anti-dFs70 antibodies, systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases and autoimmune disorders. Results. anti-dFs70 antibodies can be detected in eye diseases, atopic diseases, alopecia areata, fibromyalgia, asthma, chronic fatigue syndrome, tumors, Hashimoto's disease, Graves' disease, Behcet's disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, neoplasms and in infectious diseases. these antibodies are sometimes detected in patients with aNa-associated rheumatic diseases (aard). up to 20% of serum samples from healthy individuals (Hi) are aNa-positive. this is probably due to the presence of monospecific anti-dFs70 antibodies. Monospecific anti-dFs70 antibodies are not associated with aard, but mixed anti-dFs70 can be found in aard. Conclusions. Family physicians usually do not order aNa, extractable nuclear antigens (eNa) or anti-dFs70 antibodies, but they should be aware that anti-dFs70 antibodies are biomarkers that can discriminate aard from non-aard, save patients from unnecessary, potentially toxic treatment and save finances typically spent on retesting and visits to specialists.


The article focuses on intermodal transport. Developed method was used in article to estimate the most common type of disruptions in supply chain, which turned out to be a cargo theft during road transport, and hence the probability of theft risk appearance, but presented in the article method can be useful to estimate the probability of appearance other types of disruptions in the supply chain. The article presents an outline of a complex method uses ANN for identifying and forecasting disruptions in the supply chain. This method is based on the latest data of disruptions in the supply chain, which allow for appropriate response to supply chain disruptions in order to minimise losses and costs associated with losses. Developed model can be used to support decisions about additional cargo insurance for high risk of theft transport cases or the usage of monitoring systems for the location or parameters of the cargo.


Summary
Sucrose in barley leaf blades can be considered as being compartmented between two types of pool: transport (including mesophyll cytosol and apoplast, and vascular tissue) and vacuolar. The relative sizes of these pools, and their changes over a light/dark cycle, have been estimated using 14C labelling of the intact leaf and washout of 14C from leaf discs. Both types of pool increase during the photoperiod, the proportional distribution between them remaining the same; roughly one-fifth of the sucrose is in the transport pool. The rate-constants describing translocation, and loading and unloading of the vacuole, show diel changes, and fluxes of sucrose across the tonoplast are likely to be critical in controlling fluxes of photosynthetically fixed carbon within and out of barley leaves. The unloading of sucrose from vacuoles is probably the site where control is exercised; this conclusion is supported by a simple simulation model.


The present work demonstrates an eco-friendly and facile method for the synthesis of tapioca and potato starches incorporated by silver nanoparticles hereafter named (T-Ag/NPs) and (P-Ag/NPs), respectively. The analysis of UV–vis showed the appearance of surface plasmon resonance. The TEM analysis shows the formation of highly distributed Ag/NPs with an average diameter and standard deviation of 19.65 ± 2.45 and 12.27 ±7.39 nm for (P-Ag/NPs) and (T-Ag/NPs), respectively. The prepared (T-Ag/NPs) show remarkable potential applicability in energy as low-cost electrode material compared with (P-Ag/NPs). They are used as a non-precious catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the alkaline medium. The presence of starch promotes long-term stability up to 1000 cycles and avoid the dissolution and agglomeration of silver nanoparticles. The (T-Ag/NPs) show significant stability and reproducibility.


In this paper,we proved that a sequential space has a cs~*-regular cs~*-network (or a cs~*-regular weak base) is metrizable,which generalized related results in[6],[12]and [14].


Surface mechanography (MMG) is a non-invasive technique that captures signs of low-frequency vibrations of skeletal muscles through the skin. However, subcutaneous structures may interfere with the acquisition of MMG signals. The objective of this study was to verify the influence of skinfold thickness (ST) on the MMG wavelet-based signal in the rectus femoris muscle during maximal voluntary contraction in two groups of individuals: group I (n = 10, ST <10 mm ) and group II (n = 10, ST equal to or> 20 mm). Negative correlation was observed between the 19 Hz, 28 Hz and 39 Hz frequency bands with ST. There was a statistical difference in almost all frequency bands, especially in the X and Y axes. All MMG axes in group II presented higher magnitudes in frequency bands 2 and 6 Hz (like low-pass filter). Thus, these results can be applied to calibrate MMG responses as biofeedback systems.


The development of science and technology drives economic development. However, the development of economy is closely linked to the change of social model. With the rapid progress in technology and information industry, people's demands and appetites and consumption model of consumers alter correspondingly. The aim of this article is to provide some marketing concepts fitted for experience economy age through the analysis of economic circumstances and consumer s demands.


Abstract The Town Scheme approach to urban conservation is being used increasingly as a major method of repairing historic buildings in conservation areas. A Town Scheme involves a long‐term financial and administrative partnership between the various levels of government. An annual budget made up of equal contributions from central government and the participating local authority is used to finance a multi‐year programme of repairs. Owners can apply for grants which are usually for 40 per cent of approved costs, and repair work must relate to the original structure and architectural details of an approved list of historic buildings. Town Schemes by themselves cannot totally transform the environmental quality of conservation areas, and the most successful schemes are part of wide‐ranging renewal and enhancement projects.


Recent advances in 3D printing technology have the potential to replicate the physical characteristics of natural sandstones, enabling the manufacturing of reproducible rock specimens. This process could be used to replicate heterogeneous specimens to perform destructive testing with different tests and testing configurations. In a first stage, a sand based printed material was examined to determine if its behaviour was similar to natural sandstones. For this purpose, we compare the tensile failure behavior of 3D printed and natural sandstone specimens.


A geophysical survey, including Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), Electrical Resistivity (ER) and Very Low Frequency (VLF), was carried out for recognizing internal geometry in the aquifer system of the Cauipe Highland in the northern part of Ceara State, Brazil. This aquifer is formed by a fine sandy sedimentary cover underlined by weathered crystalline basement. Hydrogeological informations from wells indicate intensely weathered gneissic rocks between 5 and 7 m depth and a groundwater table about 5.5 m depth. A vertical electric sounding (VES) and a GPR profile using 80 MHz center frequency antennas detected a 4.6 m thick sandy overburden and the interface between weathered and fresh basement up to 21 m depth. The top of the fresh gneiss is marked by a fractured zone which was identified in the GPR section, VES and VLF profile. Another GPR section was conducted using a 400 MHz center frequency antennas to improve more details about the uppermost portion of this aquifer. An irregular groundwater table could be observed about 1.2 m depth as well as three sedimentary layers with distinct electric properties. Several areas in the Cauipe Highland are already investigated with the same geophysical procedure to recognize the overall behavior of their aquifer system.


The time evolution of a single Cooper pair in the presence of another Cooper pair interacting with an electromagnetic field in a dissipative cavity is presented. The strong dependence of the dynamics of two superconducting charge qubits interacting with the microcavity field on the instantaneous phase shift experienced by the second qubit is demonstrated. The Pancharatnam phase is found to be more sensitive than the population dynamics to the phase shift. This leads us to suggest a new technique for controlling the system dynamics. Furthermore, although the atom is not directly coupled to the cavity modes, its coherent properties are found to be strongly influenced by dissipation, both qualitatively and quantitatively.


In this article, we address debates over the fortunes of children in aging societies using a comparative perspective and cross-national data. We argue that the political context in individual nations shapes the effect population aging has on family allowance transfers. To test this hypothesis, we examine the influence of demographic and political variables on spending for 18 advanced industrial democracies from 1959 to 1986. The analysis shows that demographic factors, perhaps unexpectedly in the form of an old age structure rather than low fertility rates, and political factors in the form of corporatist, class-based interest groups and leftist party rule both influence family allowance spending. The findings suggest that under certain institutional and political conditions, governments respond to an aging population with increased, rather than decreased, transfers to the young.


The nonadiabatic response to a time perturbation applied to a finite system modeled with the Hubbard Hamiltonian has been investigated in the case where one atom of the cluster is continuously uncoupled (monofragmentation\dots{}). An exact solution has been derived using numerical procedures for the octahedron cluster in the (4\ensuremath{\uparrow}, 4\ensuremath{\downarrow}) electronic configuration. A comparison of the time evolution of the population $n(t)$ on the moving atom has been carried out between our exact result and the so-called ``one-determinant method,'' which is based on the propagation of only one Slater determinant. An analysis of the discrepancy between the two results is illustrated on the dimer case AB $(A\ensuremath{\ne}B)$ in the (1\ensuremath{\uparrow}, 1\ensuremath{\downarrow}) configuration. The calculations show that more excitations are occurring in the exact calculation leading first to a more efficient initial filling of the uncoupled atom population and secondly to a smaller value of $n(t)$ at the end of the process ${(n}_{f}).$ The electronic correlation modifies the dynamics of the process but slightly ${n}_{f}.$


Hugh Campbell expands upon the mutually collaborative spatial qualities evoked in the photographic works of Walter Niedermayr and the architecture of Kazuyo Sejima and Ryue Nishizawa of Tokyo-based practice SANAA. Describing their relation as forming a 'thickened presence', he alludes to a particular atmosphere reliant on an ambiguity of scale, detail and discernible proximity that serves to liberate the architecture and the photographs from mere documentation whereby instead they figure as transparent recordings of spatial intentions. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


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New Features

Added a mlxtend.evaluate.bootstrap that implements the ordinary nonparametric bootstrap to bootstrap a single statistic (for example, the mean. median, R^2 of a regression fit, and so forth) #232
 SequentialFeatureSelecor 's k_features now accepts a string argument "best" or "parsimonious" for more "automated" feature selection. For instance, if "best" is provided, the feature selector will return the feature subset with the best cross-validation performance. If "parsimonious" is provided as an argument, the smallest feature subset that is within one standard error of the cross-validation performance will be selected. #238

Changes

 SequentialFeatureSelector now uses np.nanmean over normal mean to support scorers that may return np.nan #211 (via mrkaiser)
The skip_if_stuck parameter was removed from SequentialFeatureSelector in favor of a more efficient implementation comparing the conditional inclusion/exclusion results (in the floating versions) to the performances of previously sampled feature sets that were cached #237
 ExhaustiveFeatureSelector was modified to consume substantially less memory #195 (via Adam Erickson)

Bug Fixes

Fixed a bug where the SequentialFeatureSelector selected a feature subset larger than then specified via the k_features tuple max-value #213


The present study examines the effect of extended work hours on experienced exhaustion in the evening in mobile-flexible employees who work in activity-flexible offices. In a seven-day diary study, it was anticipated that daily rumination is a mediator, linked to additional daily exhaustion in individuals. In a morning questionnaire, mobile-flexible employees completed daily questions about the link between extended work hours and exhaustion. Thirty-three employees completed daily questions on the extension of working hours, rumination, and exhaustion. Multilevel analyses of up to 238 daily measurements revealed that more intense extension of working hours predicted more rumination as well as exhaustion. Extended work hours and rumination both predicted more exhaustion. A test of the indirect effects showed no mediation from the extension of working hours via rumination to exhaustion. When designing mobile-flexible work models, overtime is a risk. Occupational prevention of exhaustion should promote recovery processes, especially as new work models may lead to increased rumination due to more personal responsibility of employees.


Although, dynamic power in portable mobile devices can be reduced by reducing power supply VDD on the cost of increased leakage current. Therefore, maintaining low leakage current in the device is serious issue for minimizing overall power consumption of the circuit and improving the battery life. The conventional Metal Oxide Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) requires at least 60 mV of gate voltage for better current drive at room temperature which is difficult to achieve due to thermal limit. This limitation of gate voltage requirement degrades the performance of the device at lower VDD. Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (TFET) is a potential candidate to replace CMOS in deep-submicron region due to its lower subthreshold slope SS (< 60 mV/decade) at room temperature. Steep switching in TFET can extend the supply voltage scaling with improved energy efficiency for both digital and analog applications. Despite those advantages, TFETs are suffering from lower ON current and larger ambipolar current. To overcome these shortcomings, a new structure, known as Hetero-dielectric gate TFET (HDG TFET), has been proposed in the literature. Since, in the absence of the compact analytical model, it is difficult to understand the electrical behaviour of the HDG TFET device, therefore, the present paper presents an analytical model of transconductance parameter of HDG TFET device. The electrical performance analysis of HDG TFET device reflects that on current can be increased considerably by choosing gate material of higher work function near the source region which also suppresses the ambipolar current. It is also observed that a thinner silicon film and larger drain bias result in larger transconductance value.


The advantage of on-line boosting is taking object tracking problem as a classification problem.Appropriate object feature are selected based on real time changes in the object.However,this method has a major drawback.Due to the presence of occlusion situation,every transformation of object features may introduce a small number of error features.If it tracks the object for a long time,the accumulation of error features will cause the tracking object with position drift.The experimental analysis finds that in on-line boosting method,the global delivery of selector weight leads to the drift,while the actual object occlusion only affects a local area,but not the entire region.For this situation,this paper proposes the combination of on-line boosting and blocking to solve this problem.Its selector weights only change in the block,not in the global area,so it avoids errors in the global accumulation and the generation of drift.The proposed method by tracking a variety of object video sequences shows that even for severe occlusion cases,it also has strong robustness as well as real-time ability,namely tracking more than 10 objects.


This paper expounds WU Changshuo's painting artistic thought, elaborates the content and essence of classic elegance and taste advocated by WU Changshuo, and explains his doctrines of painting momentum and of unifying poem, calligraphy, painting and seal\|engraving. It further points out the realistic significance of WU Changshuo's painting artistic thought at the present time.


Abstract : It is shown that the dependence of surface tension in oil on temperature and additive content can be used to determine the concentrations of additives even if these additives have identical metals in them. For oil with a blend of the barium-containing additives SB-3 and BFK, empirical relationships are derived which enable the calculation of these additive concentrations based on the values of surface tension in the oil, determined at temperatures of 15 and 20 degrees centigrade. (Author)


We recently performed a series of improvement on evaluation of eigenvalues without complicated iterations. In this work we first discuss evaluation of the lowest eigenvalue for given systems,by which one conveniently obtains the value of the lowest eigenvalue based on the dimension and width of given matrix. We also discuss a strong correlation between eigenvalues and diagonal matrix elements for large matrices,by which one is able to predict eigenvalues approximately without iterations.


The rapidly growing interest of applying continuous software engineering practices from DevOps in Machine Learning (ML) software projects has led to the relatively new area of Machine Learning Operations (MLOps). The need for software engineers to collaborate with data scientists, ML Engineers, DevOps Engineers, and other specialists has contributed to the emergence of MLOps. MLOps introduces unique challenges involving the intersection of infrastructure engineering to the exploratory model development process of ML. The collaboration of team members of diverse skills and knowledge is required due to the need for continuous evolution and monitoring of both ML systems and the underlying infrastructure. The capabilities of i* modeling are potentially a good fit for the the unique characteristics of MLOps with respect to the analysis of nuances in strategic interests between actors of diverse disciplinary backgrounds that commonly face challenges during collaboration. In this work, we use i* Strategic Rationale modeling of actor relationships to analyze and resolve common conflicts and challenges faced in MLOps project teams during collaboration in the development of production ML systems. Examples from common key MLOps challenges are used to illustrate.


Objectives: Dengue is a mosquito-transmitted infection and is an important health problem in Asia for its fatality. The objective of the study was to determine some epidemiological parameters relating to age, gender, community, and prevalence nature, serology and disease severity. Methodology: One hundred forty nine dengue suspected sera samples were obtained from suspectedpatientspresentingwithdenguesymptoms.�Thesamplescollectedwereanalyzedby� serological detection of Immunoglobulin-M (IgM), Immunoglobulin G (IgG), virus culture in cell- lineC36/36�andReverseTranscriptasePolymeraseChainReaction�(RT-PCR). Results:�Thestudiesshowedthatoutof�149�serasamples,�48�(32.2%)�weredetecteddengue� virusbycellcultureandRT-PCRand�108�(72.5%)�positivebyserology.�Ofthe�108�cases,�40� (26.8%)�werepositivetoIgM,�61�(41%)�werepositivetobothIgGandIgM,�and�7(4.7%)�caseswere� positivetoIgGonly.�Prevalenceofdenguewashigherinagegroup�20-29�yearsandinfectionwas� more in male and in Malay population. Epidemic intensity was the highest in the month of June. Conclusions:�DengueishighlyendemicinMalaysiaandagegroup�20-29�wasvulnerableto� infection, male infected more than female and infection was higher in Malay community. Effective preventive and control measures may be strengthened to reduce the infections.


Chronic heart failure is a common and costly condition and is one of the most common causes of hospitalisation and emergency department presentations in the elderly. This paper discusses risk prediction models in chronic heart failure, their utility in clinical practice and describes the implications for nursing practice. Based on a review of the literature, a description is presented of current risk models for chronic heart failure; the use of risk models in other conditions and the benefits of applying valid and reliable measurement tools in clinical practice. Consideration is given for clinical as well as non-clinical factors being incorporated into risk prediction models.


In order to analyze the correlativity between the lightning flashover amount and the time factors, about 425 times lightning flashover on 187 lines in 10 power supply companies of 220 kV and 500 kV transmission lines during 2000~2007 are investigated in this paper. The correlativity between the lightning flashover amount and the time factors is analyzed. According to the lightning stroke accidents investigation records, the lightning flashover amount of transmission line increases from the year of 2000 to 2007. In each year lightning flashovers mostly happen in the month of June, July and August. Similarly in each day the flashover amount also varies with the time of day obviously. These lightning flashovers mainly occur during 14:00~21:00 in the afternoon. The analysis results in this paper have a good agreement with the meteorological observations. And these results provide good reference for the lightning protection work in power system.


The moral boundary separating somatic cell genetic modification and germline genetic modification has been in effect for over 30 years. Recently, with the introduction of nuclear DNA transplantation and gene editing, and with the rising interest in preventing the transfer of certain deleterious genes to newborns, that moral boundary has been called into question. The paper discusses the origins of the somatic cell and germline moral distinction and explores new initiatives to undertake genetic modification of gametes or embryos.


The article describes an implementation experience of the innovative assessment methods at the I. Ya. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University. The method of comparative analysis of the quality of the pre-graduation training of medical doctors in different investigational groups is proposed. In order to develop the integral descriptor of the training quality of the medical professionals for the job at the primary level of healthcare and medical treatment, the Saati method of hierarchies analysis was used as a result of the problem solution on the applied system analysis. The developed descriptor can be used for individual student, entire course, faculty, university, or for the corresponding entity as a whole.


This study assessed chromium pollution in soils, plants, water and slag from a ferrochrome smelting plant in Gweru, Zimbabwe. Speciation of chromium in plant leaves, soil and slag samples was carried out by selective leaching of Cr (VI) using a sodium carbonate leaching procedure prior to the spectrophotometric determination of Cr (VI). Total Cr and Cr (III) concentration in the samples were analyzed by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy following aqua regia and oxidative acid digestion. The average concentration of Cr (VI) in soil (1.0301 ± 0.0854) µgg -1 and plant (0.3372 ± 0.0168) µgg -1 samples were higher relative to control samples with the contamination factors of 3.2 and 3, respectively. Leaching of hexavalent Cr indicated its poor solubility in water (0.00141 µgg -1 ).


Background: Tobacco consumption is known to have a differential effect in Crohn's disease (CD) and Ulcerative colitis (UC). Smoking cessation can transiently worsen disease course in UC whereas it should be beneficial to CD patients. Our aim was to identify whether this effect drives success in smoking cessation. Methods: Retrospective analysis of prospectively yearly collected data from adult UC and CD patients included in the Swiss IBD cohort study (SIBDCS) from November 2006 to November 2015. Results: 999 UC and 1368 CD patients were included in the study and separated in three groups (smokers, past-smokers and non-smokers at enrollment). In general, past smokers who succeed in smoking cessation are males, older, with a higher BMI (p < 0.001). The disease location was less extensive in UC (mostly left sided colitis and proctitis) (p=0.121) and less ileal in CD (compared to active CD smokers) (p=0.009). Concerning treatment, UC past smokers used significantly more topical treatment and CD past smokers required less anti-TNF and conventional immunosuppressants. The disease severity measured by clinical scores and CRP/albumin showed no significant difference. Conclusions: UC and CD patients in the Swiss IBD cohort who succeed in smoking cessation seem to be patients with a pattern of disease which is less likely to be influenced by smoking. Further in-vestigations are needed to identify whether this phenotype is due to smoking cessation or likely to ease it. Background: Chronic systemic inflammation can contribute to de-velopment of arterial stiffness increase and accelerated vascular aging. Recent research has demonstrated higher risk of developing atherosclerosis in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Noninvasive measurement of aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) has predictive value for future fatal cardiovascular events and total cardiovascular mortality. The aim of our study was to assess the level of arterial stiffness by measuring aortic PWV as an index of arterial stiffness in IBD patients. Methods: We conducted a pilot observational study on a cohort of


The invention relates to the technical field of welding of zirconium-based amorphous alloy, in particular to a laser welding method for the zirconium-based amorphous alloy and commercial metal alloy. Zirconium-based amorphous alloy to be welded and welding piece commercial metal alloy are included. The laser welding method for the zirconium-based amorphous alloy and the commercial metal alloy comprises the steps that the zirconium-based amorphous alloy and the commercial metal alloy are made to be above the respective melting points respectively under the protection of inert atmosphere by adopting pulse lasers or continuous wave lasers to form a fusion state to carry out connection, and the zirconium-based amorphous alloy and the commercial metal alloy are made to be welded under the condition that crystallization reaction does not occur, wherein the commercial metal alloy contains one or two elements of elements contained in the zirconium-based amorphous alloy. The welding between the zirconium-based amorphous alloy and the commercial metal alloy can be achieved, namely, welding between amorphous alloy and crystal alloy can be achieved, the strength of the welding of the zirconium-based amorphous alloy and the commercial metal alloy is high, the defect that the thread tapping technology is difficult to achieve on the zirconium-based amorphous alloy is overcome, and the application range of the zirconium-based amorphous alloy is enlarged greatly.


Numerical simulation of rotor oil pump is completed by using SC/Tetra under variable conditions, which obtains the distribution of pressure and velocity. The pressure in the outlet oil chamber rises with rotation of rotor which makes the space smaller and smaller. In the result of postprocessor the maximum pressure is 4.3Mpa. This paper also studies on the internal velocity field distribution of pump body and pump cover. By the chart of velocity vector, fluid exists obvious reflow phenomenon. This is because of effection of the rotor rotation. The maximum velocity mainly exists in pump cover. Futhermore, flow characteristic curve is compared with the experimental result. The result basically shows the correctness of numerical simulation.


Objective:This study evaluates the safety and clinical utility of rotational angiography in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease.Method:We prospectively randomized 60 patients referred for diagnostic coronary angiography to either standard angiography(SA)or rotational angiography(RA).Contrast and radiation utilization were compared between the two groups.Result:Rotational angiography was successfully completed in all subjects.There was a 18% reduction in contrast utilization in the rotational group as compared to the standard group([62.16±15.03] vs [76.91±20.00]ml,P=0.042).Additionally,for LCA,there was a 23% reduction in total radiation exposure in the rotational group as compared to the standard group([24.403 4±8.115 0]vs [31.886 1±12.944 9] Gycm2,P=0.0188),and for RCA,there was a 27% reduction in total radiation exposure in the rotational group as compared to the standard group([3.993 6±2.089]vs [5.486 9±2.500 2] Gycm2,P=0.0263).Procedure time tended to be shorter for rotational angiography([353.9±146.7] vs [396.8±165.8]s;P=0.2).Conclusion:Rotational coronary angiography can be rapidly performed in any patient and provides a significant reduction in contrast and radiation utilization while at the same time providing adequate angiographic data to complement or replace standard coronary angiography in the evaluation of coronary artery disease.


Objective To clone the full length of Chinese HCV NS3 gene and express it in E.coli. Methods Amplify the full length of NS3 gene fragment from Chinese serum,sequence,clone into expression vector pET30a(+),and express in E.coli BL21(DE3).The expressed product was identified by Western blot.Results The full length of HCV NS3 gene fragment was amplified.Western blot showed antigenicity of the expressed product.Conclusion The constructed plasmid can be used for the expression of NS3 protein. ;


An accompanying paper from this Centrec
reports deterioration of cycloserine in humid tropical
climates and recommends various preventive
measures. However, in spite of all precautions, it
would be advisable for those using cycloserine
in humid climates to ensure periodically that
there. is no loss of drug content. Quantitative
assay procedures (for example, that described by
Jones d), although very desirable, are cumbersome
and cannot be undertaken in institutions with
limited laboratory facilities. A simple qualitative
test that can be used under these circumstances
is described below. The test is based on the observation
that samples of deteriorated cycloserine
form yellow solutions when dissolved in dilute
alkali.


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Since multi-attribute control charts have received little attention compared with multivariate variable control charts, this research is concerned with developing a new methodology to employ the multivariate exponentially weighted moving average (MEWMA) charts for m-attribute binomial processes; the attributes being the number of nonconforming items. Moreover, since the variable sample size and sampling interval (VSSI) MEWMA charts detect small process mean shifts faster than the traditional MEWMA, an economic design of the VSSI MEWMA chart is proposed to obtain the optimum design parameters of the chart. The sample size, the sampling interval, and the warning/action limit coefficients are obtained using a genetic algorithm such that the expected total cost per hour is minimized. At the end, a sensitivity analysis has been carried out to investigate the effects of the cost and the model parameters on the solution of the economic design of the VSSI MEWMA chart.


We show that PMD degrades the transmission performance of an optical OFDM system which is based on direct-detection and single side-band transmission. Maximum PMD tolerance can be achieved applying polarization diversity together with polarization control. Introduction Optical transmission systems deploying orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) have gained interest recently. Two principle architectures have been proposed in order to preserve linearity of distortions in the optical domain beyond optoelectrical conversion: A setup using coherent detection was shown to be robust against chromatic dispersion. Transmission over 3000 km SSMF is possible with less than 2 dB OSNR penalty at a bit error ratio of 10 [1]. Extending this approach to a polarization diversity receiver yields a PMD tolerant transmission system [2]. An alternative setup which is less demanding from optical component point of view is based on single side-band (SSB) transmission and direct detection (DD) [3], which also shows chromatic dispersion tolerance. This contribution examines the influence of PMD on the transmission performance of this architecture. It turns out that PMD causes fading which leads to performance degradation. We propose a PMD tolerant extension which uses a polarization diversity receiver. Investigated Setup The basic building blocks of the investigated setup are depicted in Figure 1 [3]. A certain number of subcarriers are modulated using a 4-QAM-constellation occupying the upper half of the upper side-band. Lower sub-carriers are not modulated; the spectral part of negative frequencies is fed by corresponding complex-conjugates. Hence, after inverse discrete Fourier transform, cyclic extension, and digital to analogue conversion we obtain an up-converted, real valued signal s(t). Alternatively, the signal can be generated by up-converting the original complex valued base-band signal in the electrical domain through RF mixing. The resulting signal is modulated onto an optical carrier by a Mach-Zehnder modulator; then the lower side-band of the optical signal is suppressed (see insets of Figure 1). The SSB signal propagates over the optical link and is received through direct detection. Even after squaring there are no beat-products within the used spectrum. In contrast to the architecture based on coherent detection laser phase noise is not an issue. The received signal r(t) is sampled; after cyclic prefix removal and DFT one retrieves distorted symbols Yk,l. Zero-forcing equalization uses estimates of the respective channel coefficients (which are supposed to be perfectly known to the receiver in our simulations)


Aim: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) are associated with multi-factorial risks (physical, psychosocial, work-organizational and sociocultural) as the types and levels of risks vary according to individual traits and occupational demands. The best established risk factors for WRMSDs are reported to be: awkward and prolonged posture, bending and twisting, vibration and repetitive forces. Musculoskeletal disorders comorbidity among dentists is obviously higher than in the average population. Physical exercise, for it's ability to improve musculoskeletal and cardiovascular function, may be useful for improving back function and preventing development of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Proper et al. (2002) showed that the effectiveness of physical activity programs in the workplace is limited. It may suggest that ergonomic advice of improving physical activity should be offered earlier in life, before the individual begins working carriere or during education. The aim of this study was to analize health-related behaviour and total physical fitness among freshman dental students. Methods: A total of 90 freshman dental students filled anonymous questionnaire designed for this study. Fifty voluntarely participated in the A ; ; ; strand cycle ergometer test to assess the objective evaluation of participant' s physical fitness. The study was approved by The Ethical committee of Dental School University of Zagreb, Croatia. All participants signed their written informed consent. Results: Among freshman dental students 75% of them had fairly healthy behaviours, normal BMI and exercising regularly but not effectively. The A ; ; ; strand cycle ergometer test revealed that subjects physical fitness was lower than they thought it was. Subjects who had more regularly exercised had significantly less low back pain. Conclusion: A program that includes ergonomic advices for dentistry may contain promotion of healthy physical behaviours encouraging already existing physical fitness habits among dental students.


The National Police Commission is a jargon of National Police Institution in which its existence is in accordance with Ketetapan MPR No. VII/ MPR/2000 and The Law Number 2 year 2000 concerning with the National Police. Furthermore, the president degree of the year of 2011 number 17 relates to National Police Commission that contains the regulation about the function such commission, as it is stated in article 3 in which it states that; (1) Kompolnas (National Police Commission) is in charge as the supervisor to do supervision tasks towards the function of National Police to ensure the professionalism and the independency of the national police, (2) The implementation the supervision functional role as it is stated in article (1) that is conducted in terms of observation and assessment toward the function and the integrity of the members and the whole police officers in accordance to the constitutions. It is caused by the weaknesses and the limited authority of the national police commission that causes the institution of National Police Commission is unable to carry out its function maximally. It can be identified through the large amount of deviation done by some police members personally in holding their responsibilities and functions as the public protector and guardian.


The present invention provides a method for the simulation of real-time embedded systems, a document is first read and classified XMI element class diagram and the sequence diagram of elements set collection of elements. The element class diagram is then converted into a set of C ++ code. In the C ++ code based on the class diagram, and then converts the set of elements in the sequence diagram C ++ code. Use Simulink Coder to convert C ++ code Simulink model and add the clock interrupt, making real-time code. Then follow the class diagram model will set them together, the compiler generates an executable file to run on the target platform, so as to realize the real-time simulation of the entire embedded systems, and test results are given. The present invention enables the automatic code generation based on the UML class diagram the model, and the sequence diagrams of Simulink model, wherein the extraction time constraint information generating code by performing simulation, the results are given in the report whether the time constraints of the system to meet.


The status quo of Chinese transmission systems and lines were analyzed,as well as the common problems in selection and type option for shunt ground wires of the optical fiber composite overhead ground wire(OPGW).It was proposed that the time to develop the type spectrum for OPGW has come.Suggestions on OPGW type spectrum development based on short-circuit current values were put forward.


The aerobic bacteria identified as Asticcacaulis have been obtained by enriching, screening and acclimatizing the strains. The bacteria can grow best at pH 6.5~7.5, 29~30℃ with H-acid at a concentration of 410 mg/L. The growth of the bacteria is greatly inhibited by (NH 4) 2SO 4. The possible degraded processes of H-acid are discussed.


Objective To study the valuable index for the diagnosis of cervical minimal deviation adenocarcinoma(MDA).Methods Immunohistochemical EnVisionTM two-step method was used to evaluate the expression of CEA,Ki-67,p16,MUC6,MUC5AC,ER,PR,α-SMA in 9 samples of MDA.12 normal cervical gland tissues and 21 other types of cervical adenocarcinomas were as controls. Results The expression of CEA,MUC6,α-SMA protein in MDA(positive ratio orderly 66.67%,77.78%,88.89%)was higher than that of normal cervical gland(0,8.33%).The average Ki-67 labeling index in MDA(21.03±5.46)was also higher than that of the normal group(0.12±0.08).But as to the expression of ER and PR,the former was lower than the latter.All the differences had statistical significance (P<0.05).The expression of p16,MUC5AC had no statistical significance between the two groups(P>0.1).The ratio of positive expression of MUC6 protein in MDA(77.78%)was higher than that of the other types of adenocarcinomas(14.29%),with the expression of p16(11.11%)lower than the latter(71.43%).All the differences had statistical significance(P<0.01).The expression of CEA,Ki-67,MUC5AC,ER,PR,α-SMA had no statistical significance between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Immunohistochemical positive detection of CEA,Ki-67,MUC6,α-SMA perhaps make for the diagnosis of cervical MDA.The absence of ER,PR of gland cells also support MDA.Overexpression of p16 may play an impo~ant role on the occurrence and the development of some usual adenocarcinoma of cervix,but perhaps not in MDA.

Key words:
Uterine cervical neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma; Immunohistochemistry


We study the integrability of the Einstein equations for a class of empty homogeneous space‐times (Bianchi class A), once the self‐duality constraints are imposed on the space‐time itself. This system is integrable in the case of Bianchi type I and is a subset of Bianchi types VI0 and VII0. Bianchi type II space‐times do not admit self‐dual solutions and for the case of Bianchi VIII and IX we were unable to find a general integrability condition.


After a discussion of possible components in a definition of "cumulation" and of the relative lack of cumulation in political science, a scheme for research strategies is outlined with the aim of facilitating cumulation, or at least facilitating a diagnosis of the state of political science in this respect. The scheme includes three types of studies: (1) analysis of the formal properties of theoretical approaches in political science, (2) content analyses in the form of inventories of problems, propositions and concepts in the discipline, (3) evaluational analysis, i.e. an assessment of what "theory criteria" to use for evaluating the approaches and of the probable relations between these criteria.


This paper proposes a novel structure to optimize the operational strategies of responsive farms for day‐ahead peak shaving. To achieve the aim, the modern irrigation system of farms, including groundwater, surface water, and booster water pumps, are modeled mathematically. To develop the demand response (DR) potentials of the farms, electrical storage systems, and self‐generation facilities, including thermal distributed generations and on‐farm solar sites, are addressed. In order to facilitate the integration of the agricultural DR programs into the electricity market, a mathematical formulation for agricultural demand response aggregator (ADRA) is suggested. The ADRA participates in the day‐ahead electricity market on behalf of the responsive farms. To overcome the price uncertainty of the electricity market, a robust optimization approach is addressed. This approach determines the robust decisions of farms in the worst‐case realizations of the uncertain electricity price. Regarding on‐farm solar sites located in rural areas, a data‐driven approach is used to estimate the solar power generation of a significant number of sites without needing to install costly communication and measurement infrastructures. Finally, the proposed approach is implemented on agricultural lands in the northeast of Iran. The numerical results show that the suggested approach provides day‐ahead peak shaving for the power systems meeting the crop's water requirements.


A new method is proposed to implement the real-time random station's location based on the least TDOA measure error with CPU and GPU in CUDA.Its processing speed could be improved one or two magnitude compared with single CPU.And it has many advantages compared with multi-CPU platform having the same processing speed,such as shorter development period,lower cost,higher reliability,smaller amount of work and so on.


P fertilization remains the main source of uranium contamination of agricultural land, primarily due to impurities in the phosphate rock used for fertilizer manufacture. In particular, long-term application of uranium-bearing fertilizers can significantly elevate the uranium concentration in fertilized soils. The magnitude of uranium enrichment of cultivated soils varies, depending on phosphate fertilizer application rate, uranium content of applied fertilizer, soil type and prevailing climate. In Germany, the use of phosphate fertilizer from 1951 to 2011 has resulted in a cumulative application of approximately 14 000 t of uranium on agricultural land, corresponding to an average cumulative loading of 1 kg of uranium per hectare. Fertilizer-derived uranium in soils is prone to leaching because uranium is mobile in surface soils as uranyl complex depending on prevailing pH and Eh conditions. Alternatively, uranium can be immobilized in subsurface materials by sorption or coprecipitation mechanisms. The fate of uranium in soil and subsurface environment is therefore influenced by a delicate balance of U association between immobile and mobile phases. Yet, uranium is highly soluble as uranyl (U) complex under oxidizing conditions. Consequently, mobility of fertilizerderived uranium from agricultural soils into ground and surface waters has been recognized in agricultural catchments and, numerous studies have established the transfer of fertilizerderived uranium from soils into ground, surface and marine coastal waters. For example in Germany, rivers and streams of agricultural catchments have 10 times higher uranium concentrations (0.08 versus 0.8 μg/L U) than those dominated by forestry. Significantly enriched uranium concentrations (>2 μg/L U) were detected in heavily cultivated catchments. Moreover, unconfined aquifers below agricultural land, groundwater has 3 to 17 times higher uranium concentrations than that below forested regions. Generally, there is a concurrent and strong correlation of dissolved uranium concentrations in groundwater with those of other highly mobile and fertilizerderived elements such as boron, magnesium, and potassium as well as nitrate. The likely reason for the strong uranium-nitrate correlation in groundwater could be due to (a) increased fertilization of agricultural land using NP and NPK fertilizers; (b) significant mobility of fertilizer-derived uranium as uranylcarbonate complex and transfer into the underlying aquifer; and (c) pronounced solubility of uranium as uranyl−nitrate complex into groundwater. In northern Germany, unmineralized groundwater used as drinking water supply contains variable uranium contents, with one-quarter to two-thirds likely impacted by fertilizer-derived uranium. Thus, agricultural soils and nearby land and water resources are becoming increasingly contaminated by uranium due to fertilizer use. Fertilizer-derived uranium has entered German drinking water supplies. Principal route of exposure of humans to uranium occurs via ingestion, skin contact, and inhalation. In particular, naturally mineralized groundwaters and bottled mineral waters can contribute significantly to uranium uptake. In Germany, more than 2 million people currently receive drinking water that contains >10 μg/L uranium. Here, a carnivore with a skewed taste for offal, shellfish, and bottled mineral water can achieve the highest uranium uptake. A considerable body of evidence suggests that overexposure to uranium in drinking water may cause significant health effects in both humans and animals. Reported health effects of uranium derive from experimental animal studies and human epidemiology. Uranium may damage biological systems through its chemical toxicity as well as its radioactivity, with the chemical toxicity perceived as the primary health hazard and the effects from uranium's ionizing radiation being of secondary concern. The main health concerns with respect to uranium are renal, developmental, reproductive, diminished bone growth, as well as DNA and brain damage. In humans uranium is particularly known for its nephrotoxic nature, with short-term and long-term exposure to uranium through drinking water leading to renal effects. The information available on the chronic health effects caused by the exposure to uranium in drinking water points to the fact that regions with elevated groundwater uranium concentrations and more groundwater use have an increased incidence of certain diseases. For example, increasing incidence in chronic kidney disease in Sri Lankan nationals has been related to the low-level fertilizer-


Scholars analysing party system structures have generally followed two approaches. The 'institutional' approach emphasizes the role of electoral laws, while the 'sociological' approach highlights the effect of socioeconomic heterogeneity. Recently, evidence based on cross-country data indicated that a high level of fragmentation requires both a permissive electoral system and substantial socio-economic heterogeneity. As electoral rules have their main impact at the level of the constituency, using country-level data may not be ideal, however. Moreover, previous results appear to be driven by the inclusion of single-member district states. Both these caveats are addressed in this article. Based on a sample of Belgian municipal elections over the period 1982–2000, I show that the model incorporating an interaction between heterogeneity and district magnitude significantly outperforms specifications that disregard the interaction effect (a) at the constituency level and (b) in (mediumsize) multi-member districts.


The general problems found in the program partners were the lack of community participation in development, the lack of community knowledge and skills in managing natural resources, the lack of comprehension of village governance and tourism managers in utilizing the potential of mangrove tourism villages, and the lack of comprehension of environmental conservation to protect mangrove forest habitats. The solution offered through the KKN-PPM program were to increase community participation through empowering rural communities, especially for women and the elderly widows who are not economically productive institutionalized through the "The Pakatau", efforts to increase the ability of mangrove ecotourism governance were carried out training to increase the capacity of mangrove ecotourism management for village officials and tourism managers. The efforts to increase the human development index in the field of improving the economy, welfare, and health. Therefore efforts were made to increase the knowledge and skills of processing mangrove fruits into superior products of the village and training on environmental preservation of mangrove forests. To achieve those goals, several activities are offered by the KKN-PPM program such as the institutionalized of the community through "The Pakatau" community learning groups, tourism management training for tourism managers, training for making superior village products for women and elderly widows who are not economically productive, and the promotion of environmental preservation and values in interacting with tourists, as well as several other supporting programs. The expected output targets achieved this program such as the increasing of community comprehension and skills, village governance, and tourism managers in managing, processing and maintaining mangrove habitats as a source of income for the community and village.


Multivariate (multiple-locus) analytic procedures are used to show that the amount of genetic overlap of two or more populations, as measured by the difficulty of correctly allocating individuals, may be formally related to the average genetic distance between pairs of populations. On theoretical grounds, we argue that the probability of correct allocation for individuals should: (1) increase with the number of segregating loci; (2) increase with increasing taxonomic disparity of the populations considered; and (3) decrease with an increase in the number of candidate populations. Genetic data on 5,214 individuals from seven South American Indian tribes are used to evaluate these theoretical predictions. We have analyzed genetic distance and classification with the seven tribes, as well as with seven village clusters within one tribe and seven villages within one cluster. At all three levels of taxonomic organization (tribal, cluster, village), the probability of correct allocation did increase with the number of loci, as predicted. This pattern was consistent with the computed average distances between populations, also as predicted. Some loci were more useful for allocation than others. In general, high-frequency polymorphic markers were the most useful, while tribally restricted (but low-frequency) markers were not helpful. There was consistent evidence that the genetic overlap for tribes was less than that for clusters and that the overlap for clusters was less than that for villages. As a consequence, tribal allocation was more accurate than cluster allocation and cluster allocation was more accurate than village allocation. To place these differences in wider perspective, we computed the genetic distance measure for a set of seven "racial" groups. The predicted overlap for races was substantially less than that for tribes. Finally, we compared our results with those of others, and showed that the differences result from our use of a multiple-locus rather than a single-locus analysis. The two types of results are strictly compatible, however, once this technical gap is bridged. The conclusion is inescapable that some human populations show substantial genetic differences, measured relative to the variation within populations. For populations as similar as nearby villages, genetic overlap is substantial; for populations as different as racial groups, genetic overlap is small.


The invention relates to the purification of cadmium and tellurium. It relates to a method in which a trapping substance is added to the ingot or cadmium telluride. The trapping substance is tellurium and cadmium telluride for purification of cadmium and cadmium or cadmium telluride for purification of tellurium. The amount of added trapping substance must be less than the amount present in the eutectic composition on the proper side. The yield of slices cut from single crystals is greatly increased. Application to the manufacture of very pure semiconductors sensitive to infrared.


Blocking the propagation of contagions in populations has many applications, such as stopping the dissemination of leaked information and impeding the spread of an ideology or opinion. Several methods exist for blocking contagions by removing key or critical nodes from a network representation of a population. Some methods, based on network topology alone, run very fast, but their performance can be inferior to slower-running blocking methods that also take into account contagion dynamics. Further, most works focus on simple contagions, where a node can contract a contagion from one neighbor. In contrast, complex contagions propagate via interactions with two or more neighbors possessing a contagion. Little work has been done on blocking complex contagions. We present an approach for selecting critical nodes for simple and complex contagions. In selecting critical nodes, our hybrid method uses topology-only information and thereafter couples those results with information about contagion dynamics. We evaluate our method using three different kinds of social networks from the literature.


This paper deals with the problem of rational energy management in an intermittently heated broiler house. The aim was to evaluate the energy amount necessary to heat up the building floor for the production cycle, preceded by a technological interruption of varying length. The scope of studies included the indoor and outdoor air temperature measurements and the soil temperature measurements under the building floor. The results of field tests allowed computer simulations to be carried out in the WUFIplussoftware (Fraunhofer Institute for Building Physics, Holzkirchen Branch, Germany). The variant analysis was preceded by the validation of the calculation model whose results showed a strong correlation of theoretical data with actual results. The winter breeding cycle was analyzed in detail. The detailed soil and air temperature curves are presented graphically. The results allow a conclusion that the length of the technological interruption has a significant impact on the amount of energy in the first days of the broiler breeding. The extension of the technological interruption by seven days increases the amount of heating energy in the first day of the cycle by 24%. The extension of the technological interruption causes also the need for a longer floor heating in the first day of the cycle.


Solar drying of Mushroom was conducted to investigate the performance of the solar tunnel dryer for drying mushrooms. The dryer consists of a transparent UV stabilized plastic covered flat plate collector and drying tunnel unit. The drier is arranged to supply hot air directly into the drying tunnel using three dc fans powered by a 40 watt solar module. The products to be dried are placed in a single layer on a wire mesh in the drying tunnel to receive energy from both hot air supplied from the collector and from the incident solar radiation on products. During the experimental period the minimum and maximum solar radiation were 273 W/m² and 885 W/m² respectively. The generated voltages for the 40 W solar modules were 4.5. V to 14.8 V. Temperatures in the drying chamber varied from 37.0° C to 66.5° C. Mushrooms were dried from about 89.41% to 6.14% moisture content (w.b) in about 8 hours. In the same drying period, the moisture content of mushrooms reduced from 89.41% to15% in the traditional sun drying method. In addition, the Mushroom being dried in the solar tunnel drier were completely protected from rain, insects and dust, and the dried mushrooms were high quality dried products terms of flavor, color and texture. As the fans are powered by a solar module, the drier could be used in rural areas where there is no supply of electricity from grid.


In this communication, a compact ultra-wideband (UWB) band-pass filter with narrowband anti-interference characteristics is proposed and its performance is also investigated. The anti-interference function is realized by introducing three notches which can reduce or filter out unwanted potential narrowband interference signals over the UWB band. In this design, wing-like stubs (WSs), parallel-assigned stubs (PASs) and defected microstrip structure (DMS) are employed to provide the desired notch bands at 5.73 GHz, 8.0 GHz and 9.5 GHz, respectively. The dimensions of the proposed UWB band-pass filter are optimized to 10×10×0.635 mm. The numerical results are given to verify that the proposed UWB band-pass filter with small size can provide three controllable anti-interference bands, making it promising for band-notched UWB communication applications.


For a two-echelon supply chain consisted of one manufacturer and one supplier, the incentive mechanism is designed for the supplier to reduce the production cost of green intermediate products by the manufacturer. It is proposed under the situation of asymmetric information on the endeavor level of supplier to promote the initiative of suppliers technology R&D. The design process of the incentive mechanism in the face of moral hazard problems is discussed by the manufacturer. It indicates that the manufacturer can adopt linear incentive payment according to different periods of producing and marketing. The results manifest that the proposed incentive mechanism will promote the supplier's efforts on R&D as far as possible and make the profits of the members Pareto improvement distinctly. The paper affords great guidance on operating decisions for the green supply chain at initial stages of the green market.


I doubt very much if I can effectively shovel any more platitudes on the huge heap of them that have been piled on Canadian-American relations in the past. I will, however, do my best to produce a few more. I have been lured on to this platform by nothing more worthy than personal vanity, and, since accepting the invitation, I have been regretting my weakness. There is nothing I can add to this subject that has not been said, in one or another form, a score, a hundred times, before. Yet here I am, pretending to have a thesis, and I suppose I had better produce one. What I have to say, such as it is, is addressed to persons my own age or older, and I was 59 last April. Younger persons, or most of them, will wonder what all the shouting is about—if there is any shouting; and I would suggest to the programme committee of this association that they might consider having a repetition of this paper next year, or the year after, read to them by somebody who is 29, and not 59 years of age. The effect, at least on the older members, might be salutary and perhaps even startling. The reason why I make this suggestion is that I was brought up in an old school, a school which thought about Canadian-American relations in a context very different from that which has become necessary now. It was a school in which one of the great teachers was John W. Dafoe, who was my master for 20 years and whose memory I will honour for whatever years are left to me. But the cardinal thesis of that school was that, at all costs, Canada had to fight its way out from under the traditional influence of British imperialist and colonial rule; and that one of the best ways of doing it was to use the influence of the United States as a counter-balance against the pressure from Westminster.


As a special service organization ,hospital attach importance to the patient follow-up service in the market competition. Building the hospital customer relationship management with the information method and raising hospital's core competitive strength is the inevitable require to support hosipital's development. Now, the article introduce the hospital customer relationship management with some subjects.


A union is the improvement project enforcer who not only issues necessary administrative measures, writes out business enforcement plan a.k.a blueprint of improvement business as well as management disposition plan including distribution of owner"s right after the completion of improvement business but also removal notice, cost levying disposition, liquidation levying disposition. It can also expropriate/utilize the ownership of land or building for improvement business improvement and carry out demolition order of a building. Furthermore, as the improvement project enforcer, it can enter into legal relationship including constructor agreement in its own name and responsibility then return all rights and obligation created this way to the union. Such is the almighty authority of the union. However, as the members of such important union with heavy duty roles consists of land owners of respective districts, jobs given to the union are not carried out properly showing lack of professionalism. Because of such reasons, each step of the project requires improvement project specialist"s help with professional knowledge. And during the process of negotiation and role distribution between the project executor, partners and the union members, conflict tend to deepen and be elongated. Furthermore, corruption and/or irregularities even may occur. Especially in case of the operators, they may supply huge amount of black money to the union or the partners in return or the building rights and all these extra costs are transferred to the building cost increase and also increase in allotted charges for the union members and in the end will result in the financial loss of the land owners and it"s where the gravity of the situation lies. Therefore, in this study, various legal problems and attitudes of related precedents will be reviewed and furthermore types of conflicts emerging during the process of union establishment and operation will be analyzed. Based on this conclusion, the study aims to propose a practically improved legislation that will prevent legal conflicts that are likely to happen during the union establishment and operation.


In the process of development a control strategy for mobile robots, simulation is important for testing the software components, robot behavior and control algorithms in different surrounding environments. In this paper we introduce a simulation environment for mobile robots based on ROS and Gazebo. We show that after properly creating the robot models under Gazebo, the code developed for the simulation process can be directly implemented in the real robot without modifications. In this paper autonomous navigation tasks and 3D-mapping simulation using control programs under ROS are presented. Both the simulation and experimental results agree very well and show the usability of the developed environment.


Xylanase was adsorbed on chitosan and crosslinked with glutaraldehyde. The immobilization conditions were investigated. The enzyme was added to the pH 4.8 suspension solution of 10 g chitosan treated by acetic acid solution. Glutaraldehyde concentration 0.3%~0.4% were used and the immobilized xylanase was obtained after 8 hours at room temperature. In comparison with the free enzyme, the temperature for lost of half activity (t 1/2) of the immobilized enzyme was increased from 51℃ to 71℃. The K m value of immobilized enzyme was increased from 1.2 mg/ml to 1.5 mg/ml and the optimum temperature and optimum pH were shifted from 55℃ to 71℃ and from 4.6 to 3.8,respectively. The immobilized xylanases have been used for preparation of the xylo-oligosaccahride. The immobilized enzyme activity retention were about 81%, after ten times continuing hydrolysing tests.


Influenza viruses and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) have contributed to severe respiratory infections, causing huge economic and healthcare burdens. To achieve rapid and precise detection of influenza viruses and RSV, we proposed a catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) combined with the lateral flow immunoassay (CHA–LFIA) detection method. The presence of the target RNA triggers the initiation of CHA circuits. H1/H2 complexes, the amplified signal products, which were labeled with digoxin and biotin, were detected with a highly sensitive lateral flow immunoassay system. The sensitivity of the CHA–LFIA system to influenza A and B viruses and RSV reached up to 1, 1, and 5 pM, respectively. In addition, this method exhibited excellent capability for differentiating between target RNA and base-mismatched RNA. The results demonstrated that an enzyme-free, rapid, highly sensitive, and specific method had been developed to detect influenza A and B viruses and RSV.


To summarize, vaccination status should be reviewed at the time of the first visit to the treating physician and a plan should be developed. The status should be reviewed once the patient is listed for transplantation. For patients who are incompletely vaccinated prior to transplant, inactivated vaccines can be given safely once immunosuppression is established. Data on safety and immunogenicity of live vaccines in such patients is awaited.


Purpose This study aimed to investigate the influence of orthokeratology (OK) on myopia control and ocular surface and meibomian gland function in myopic adolescents. Methods A prospective study was conducted over a 12-month period. The subjects were classified into two groups, namely, the OK lens group and the frame glasses control group. Axial length, corneal curvature, ocular surface, and meibomian gland parameters were measured at baseline, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after wearing OK lenses. Results The axial length growth rate in the OK group was significantly slower than in the control group (P < 0.01). The naked eye vision and the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) scores recorded 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after wearing OK lenses were significantly higher than the scores recorded before wearing OK lenses. There was no significant difference in other ocular parameters at each follow-up time point compared with pre-wearing (P > 0.05). After using the OK lens for 6 months, the OSDI score and corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) score increased significantly (P < 0.001), but there were no significant differences in other parameters among the groups. No infectious keratitis occurred during the study. Conclusion These results provide evidence that the use of OK lenses can control the axial growth and progress rate of myopia compared with frame glasses. During the 12-month follow-up, although wearing OK lenses may have aggravated dry eye symptoms, each patient's ocular surface and meibomian gland function did not change significantly, indicating that the use of OK lenses is a relatively safe modality for the control of myopia in adolescents.


The initial rate of oxidation of benzaldehyde in benzene solution in the absence of catalysts and inhibitors is given by the relation (-d[O2]/dt) = ([RH]2 [O2])/(b[RH]2+c[O2]). The reciprocals of the constants b and c vary with temperature according to the Arrhenius equation, the corresponding activation energies being 6.0 ± 0.5 and 17.5 ± 1.0 kcal/mole respectively. The difficulty of interpreting the relation in terms of the mechanism proposed by Bolland & Gee (1946) for photochemical and peroxide catalyzed oxidations is pointed out. It is suggested that this kinetic behaviour is of widespread occurrence in uncatalyzed oxidations.


Abstract preface. Foreword: from theory to practice (G. Sullivan). Setting the Stage. Out-of-the box leadership challenges: an introduction (J.G. Hunt et al.). Leadership in an open army? Civilian connections, interorganizational frameworks, and changes in military leadership (B. Shamir, E. Ben-Ari). Leadership Decision-Making in Time-Constrained, Electronically Networked Organizations. Organizational morphing: the challenges of leading perpetually changing organizations in the twenty-first century (W.S. Sherman et al.). Decision-making requirements for future organizational leaders: a creative action-based approach (D.T. Ogilvie, F. Hauge). Leadership and decision processing in twenty-first century technical organizations (J.P. VanDevender, J.R. Barker). Social, Cognitive and Behavioral Leadership Requirements. Behavioral complexity and the development of military leadership for the twenty-first century (R. Hooijberg et al.). Social complexity and the competencies required for effective military leadership (S.J. Zaccaro). In search of the self-led soldier: army leadership in the twenty-first century (C.P. Neck, C.C. Manz). Leadership in Interorganizational Networks. The social capital of twenty-first century leaders (D.I. Brass, D. Krackhardt). Leadership in the peacekeeping army of the future (M. Gurstein). Short and Long-Term Leadership Training and Development Strategies. Conceptual capacity as competitive advantage: developing leaders for the new army (M.L. McGee et al.). US army leadership in the twenty-first century: challenges and implications for training (G.B. Graen, Chun Hui). Concluding Commentary. Leadership competencies required for the new army and approaches for developing them (G. Yukl). Postscript: leadership and organizational overtones of the twenty-first century army (L. Wong, C.A. Duran). Afterword: leadership (D.J. Reimer). Biographical summaries. Index.


Summary. Three-component VSP borehole seismograms taken in the vicinity of an active normal fault in California show strong systematic shear-wave splitting that increases with proximity to the fault. Using Cervený's method of characteristics for ray tracing in anisotropic heterogeneous media and Hudson's formulation of elastic constants for media-bearing aligned fractures, we have fitted a suite of P, SV and SH hanging-wall and foot-wall travel times with a simple model of aligned fractures flanking the fault zone. The dominant fracture set is best modelled as parallel to the fault plane and increasing in density with approach to the fault. The increase in fracture density is non-uniform (power law or Gaussian) with respect to distance to the fault. Although the hanging-wall and the foot-wall rock are petrologically the same unit, the fracture halo is more intense and extensive in the hanging wall than in the foot wall. Upon approach to the fault plane, the fracture density or fracture-density gradient becomes too great for the seismic response to be computed by Hudson–Cervený procedures (the maximum fracture density that can be modelled is about 0.08). Within this 25 m fracture domain it appears more useful to model the fault and near field fractures as a low-velocity waveguide. We observe production of trapped waves within the confines of the intense fracture interval.


The wind flow and pressure lose in the air drilling in floppy coal seam were analyzed and calculated by the two phase flow principle. The pressure lose in the pneumatic slag off was studied through the simulative experiment. Based on the industrial experiment, the empirical formula of the wind pressure needed in drilling was acquired. The result would supply reference for air drilling in floppy coal seam in coal mine.


Novel stable high spin molecules are designed with·CH2 , HNO·,·NH2 + ,·NH as a spin-containing(SC) fragment, and pyridine as a coupling(FC) unit. They have been studied by using DFT methods. It is proved that there are topological rules in magnetic coupling between radicals of conjugated systems: radical sites through the even number of carbons are conjugated, low spin state is stable ground state, the molecules correspond to antiferromagnetic coupling; while those through odd carbon atoms are conjugated, high spin state is stable ground state, the molecules correspond to ferromagnetic coupling. It shows m-pyridine can become ferromagnetic coupling unit, and o,p-pyridine can not become ferromagnetic coupling. In 2,6-pyridine, the stability of high-spin ground states with NHO·as SC is highest, and that with·NH2 as SC is lowest. In 3,5-pyridine , the stability of high-spin ground states with·NH as SC is highest, and that with·NH2 + as SC is lowest.


If 0.1 to 0.2 cc. of nicotine sulfate or nicotine picrate diluted with physiologic solution of sodium chloride to a concentration of 1: 100,000 is injected intradermally into a human being, during or immediately after the injection "goose flesh" appears in an irregularly shaped area, 3 to 5 cm. in diameter, surrounding the puncture and subsides within two minutes. The susceptibility to the pilomotor effect of nicotine seems to parallel the tendency of "goose flesh" to develop physiologically in the subject. The reaction fails to appear if the postganglionic sympathetic fibers of the tested area of skin have degenerated. Furthermore, it fails to appear in certain cutaneous lesions, for instance, in urticarial wheals. Local anesthetics destroy the response even in high dilutions. The test is based on the action of nicotine on sympathetic nerve receptors in the skin. From there the impulse reaches the pilomotor endings by way of an axon reflex. Experiments on the nature of this mechanism will be published in the Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine , the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and the Journal of Investigative Dermatology .


10.1119/10.0004887.1 Water is the essential component in living and its role is particularly important in plants. In fact, the crucial photosynthesis process involves a huge loss of sap by transpiration (around 99% from the total amount recovered from the soil through the plant roots) from the stomas on the leaves. Therefore, a question arises: How could trees raise the sap to heights up to 100 m? In this article we present a simple experimental setup that provides a direct visualization and quantification of the water ascent process against gravity. Moreover, the artificial tree offers analogies with "real" ones that will help undergraduate science students from different areas to investigate the influence of environmental and morphological parameters on the variety of physics phenomena underlying the ascension mechanism.


This paper dwells with the negative and positive impact of an ongoing economical recession on small and medium scale industries in the state of Punjab. It not only explores the post-independence industrial development but also uncovers the present industrial potential in the state by performing SWOT analysis. It makes available the necessary information related to the current running 'Industrial Development Centers', 'Government Quality Marking Centers', financial resources, etc. in Punjab. This paper discusses the real problems being faced by entrepreneurs and it also gives glimpses of upcoming opportunities in SME sector to maintain the motivation of industrialists. This paper attempts to caution future investors in Punjab and take appropriate preventive measures to neutralise the future threats to SMEs in this region. The primary objective of the study is to attract the entrepreneurs for higher investments in small and medium scale industries of this resource rich state.


In the molecular structure of the title compound, C34H58B2N2, each B atom of the diborane(4) is connected to one dimethylamino group and one Tip ligand (Tip = 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl). These findings indicate that the increased steric demand of the Tip groups exerts influence solely on the B—B separation but not on the overall geometry of the title compound.


Objective and Method:The effect of storage temperature on the physic-biochemical changes in color, hardness, respiration rate, ethylene production, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity, peroxidase (POD) activity and phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL) activity of fresh-cut apple was determined at 5 and 10 ℃, respectively; Results:Wounding induced a series of biochemical reactions including enzymatic browning, softening, increasing in respiration rate, ethylene production, total phenolic content and the activity of PAL, PPO and POD. Compare with 10 ℃,5 ℃ can inhibit the negative changes markedly;Conclusion:It was important to maintain constant low temperature for keeping better quality of fresh-cut apple.


A series of bead-onplate welds have been made with Alloy 600, varying the current, arc gap, torch speed, shielding gas, and electrode configuration. The width, depth, and area of the melt zone were then correlated to these parameter variations. In addit ion, the temperature at selected points on the weld plate was measured as a function of t ime and compared to calculations using a finite element heat conduction computer program. Introduction As part of an effort to describe the effects of welding variables on Alloy 600, bead-on-plate welds were performed and the melt zone analyzed. While similar studies of this type have been reported in the past, none have dealt systematically with Alloy 600. The welding variables considered in this program included weld current, arc gap spac ing, weld ing speed, shielding gas, and electrode configuration. To assess the capabilities of a finite element thermal analysis of the welding process, Chromel-alumel thermocouples were attached to various points on the weld plates to record temperature changes that occurred The authors are associated with the Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory operated for the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission by Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Paper to be presented at the 56th AWS Annual Meeting, Cleveland, Ohio, April 2125, 1975. during and after the heat was applied. The numerical analysis can be a valuable and relatively inexpensive tool for performing parametric studies of the effects on the transient thermal cyc le of va r ious w e l d m e n t character ist ics; e.g., weld speed, magnitude and distribution of the heat source, weld joint geometry and heat sink contributions of adjacent f ixturing or structure. An accurate determination of the temperature transients is required for further numerical studies of residual stresses and distortions developed as a result of welding. The results of the temperaturetime relationship of the welded plates has helped to demonstrate the usefulness as well as the deficiencies of this analytical description of the welding process.


An organization's costing system is a system that helps the management with the strategy planning while the system plays an important role in providing accurate cost information about the products and customers. In other words, the costing management system is important to provide timely and quality information to help managers in their decision-making process. Producing quality graduates is the main objective of any university and the cost of quality or the cost of poor quality is one that is often difficult to measure in higher education. This can be partly attributed to the fact that most accounting systems are not structured to capture important cost-of-quality information. In order to succeed, many organizations tend to shift from conventional or traditional costing system to Activity-based costing (ABC). ABC provides both higher education administrators and policymakers with better information on which to base decisions. The use of multiple cost pools and drivers under ABC leads to more detailed and accurate product costing than that provided by traditional cost systems. This paper attempts to investigate the possibilities and limitations of implementing ABC in universities. More specifically the study makes use of the case study method to illustrate the implementation of activity-based costing of library services in a private university in the Kingdom of Bahrain. The research methodology of the case study is a combination of both descriptive and quantitative analyses. The study identified six categories of cost pools which are related to the activities of the library as well as 17 relevant cost drivers. Accordingly, ABC should lead to a better understanding of what drives costs and, by extension, what changes are necessary to reduce costs. Unnecessary activities that do not add value to services can be identified and eliminated. Further ABC is feasible in an academic library and that much can be gained from the process of analyzing activities. However, more work needs to be done in terms of designing accounting and other information systems to capture cost and activity transaction data in a more routine and disaggregated form for ABC analysis.


We propose a Markov regime switching GARCH model with multivariate normal tempered stable innovation to accommodate fat tails and other stylized facts in returns of financial assets. The model is used to simulate sample paths as input for portfolio optimization with risk measures, namely, conditional value at risk and conditional drawdown. The motivation is to have a portfolio that avoids left tail events by combining models that incorporates fat tail with optimization that focuses on tail risk. In-sample test is conducted to demonstrate goodness of fit. Out-of-sample test shows that our approach yields higher performance measured by Sharpe-like ratios than the market and equally weighted portfolio in recent years which includes some of the most volatile periods in history. We also find that suboptimal portfolios with higher return constraints tend to outperform optimal portfolios.


The density evolution of HCN , NH3 , H2O and CO molecules over time was monitored by laser absorption spectroscopy in a low pressure DC pulsed discharge in N2–H2 gas mixtures with addition of CH4 or O2. The discharge was maintained in an industrial-scale, active screen (AS) plasma nitrocarburizing (ASPNC) reactor with a steel AS. The measured species densities were analysed using a simplified kinetic model that includes three characteristic times for chemical processes in the ASPNC reactor. The shortest time (1–4 min) was associated with the gas residence time in the reactor, the middle one (about 20 min) was assigned to surface reactions on the AS and workload, whereas the largest one (about 3–5 h) was assigned to surface reactions on the cold reactor walls. The work highlights the importance of monitoring the gas composition during plasma nitrocarburizing processes in order to maintain defined treatment conditions and compensate for continuously changing chemical kinetics at the internal reactor surfaces.


Court of Justice of the European Union, Fourth Chamber, T. von Danwitz (Rapporteur), President of the Chamber, K. Lenaerts, President of the Court, acting as Judge of the Fourth Chamber, E. Juhasz, K. Jurimae and C. Lycourgos, Judges, 26 October 2017. The ECJ's view pointed to a definition of sport as being "activities with a not negligible physical element" and did not extend to competitive card games.


A 30-year-old Chinese male visited our clinic with a solitary, firm, asymptomatic nodule on the right upper arm for six months; the overlying skin had appeared bullous for the last three months. It had been growing gradually and was tender to palpation. He had developed a solitary 1 cm nodule on his neck two years ago, which was surgically removed with undetermined diagnosis. There was no history of trauma before the onset of a bulla. Physical examination revealed a protuberant translucent bulla measuring 3 cm in diameter on the right upper arm (Figure 1). The overlying skin was soft and pink with an anetodermic appearance. The underlying 0.5 cm yellow-white nodule was seen faintly. One obvious scar was seen on the right side of his neck. No other significant findings were observed. The pre-operative diagnosis was hemolymphangioma; the lesion was surgically excised. Histopathological examination revealed hugely dilated lymphatics forming a space, which may have contributed to the clinical bullous appearance (Figure 2a, b). A tumor consisting of multiple islands of cells in a fibrotic stroma with focal A sac-like protrusion on the right upper arm Case for Diagnosis


Nessus is an advanced vulnerability scanner,which checks the vulnerability by the plugins.The paper analyses the advantage of the Nessus attack scripting language.It gives the steps of developing a Nessus plug-in.An example of weak password is presented to show the progress of developing a Nessus plugin.


Recently, high-switching-frequency and high-di/dt switching operation of inverters has been studied for the purpose of finding a way to reduce the size and weight of LC filters. In power electronic circuits, the stray inductance of the bus bar between a DC capacitor and power devices may cause an overshoot voltage and electromagnetic interference (EMI) noise for high-di/dt switching operation. Therefore, it is necessary to design the bus bar structure while considering the minimization and optimization of the bus bar inductance value. Generally, the bus bar inductance is analyzed by using 3D finite element method (FEM), but it takes a long time to construct analytical models and to perform the analysis. This paper proposes an improved calculation method for a medium-voltage inverter, based on the partial inductance calculation method. In addition, the wiring structure is designed by considering the stray inductance with using an inductance-mapping method.


Vitamin D3(VD3) deficiency during pregnancy period is a common phenomenon. The results of some studies indicated that VD3can have a significant effect on the secretion and function of insulin. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between VD3 deficiency and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM),so as to decrease resistance to insulin during pregnancy with treatment of VD3deficiency.The casecontrol study includes 150 pregnant women (75 GDM and 75 nonGDM) who referred to clinic of Imam Reza hospital or private office of obstetricians in Kermanshah from 2012 to 2014. For cases included in the study screening test of pregnancy was done in the 24-28 weeks of pregnancy using OGTT with 75gr glucose.All centrifuged blood samples, were transferred to reference lab for measuring fast glucose and 25-hydroxyVD3 through immunoassay method and IDS Kit. All data were saved and analyzed employing SPSS 16.0 software.The mean body mass index was 29.21 and 27.55 (kg/m 2 ) in case and control group (P=0.002), respectively. The gestational age, parity, educational level and occupation were not different in two groups. The mean of VD3 level in case and control group were 14.98±11.2 and 16.88±10.7, respectively (P=0.070).The results of our study showed that there was no relationship between VD3deficiency and GDM risk. In addition, it was shown that in GDM woman there was a reverse relationship between VD3and BMI.In addition,cohort studies in future can response to this question that how much dose of VD3 can haspositive effect on the prevention or exacerbation of GDM.


The colony of sites in the ancient royal city of Fenglin is a typical representative of Han and Wei sites of the Seven-Atar River valley in the Three-River Plain of Northeast China,among which the sacrificial altar for the seven stars of the Great Dipper on Mt.Battery is the largest one of its kind hitherto discovered in China and in the world.Though this altar was built during the Han-Wei period,the upper limit of the passing on and adoption of star configurations can still be inferred to 4000~5000 years ago.The bearings of the region of the altar's bowl of the Dipper denotes the area(around) the Three-River Plain.When the handle of the Dipper points to the south,it indicates both the importance attached to the information on ancient ceremony for summer sacrifice and the relationship of passing on adoption and exchange with the culture of the Central Plains.


The COVID 19 outbreak has caused the cancellation of most elective oncological surgery around the world to limit the risk of virus dissemination. As we are exiting the crisis, surgical teams will face strong challenges while resuming normal elective surgery. The accumulation of cases will have to be managed by defining strong selection criteria, taking into account the patient and the disease conditions. In order to reduce the risk of infection, nonCOVID patients should be treated in dedicated non-COVID areas, preferably in separate buildings or hospitals. Departments, units and operative theaters should put in place rigorous actions and protocols to protect the patient and healthcare workers. Adequate protective equipment must be readily available for healthcare workers and patients. Finally, teams should keep an adaptive mindset by preparing strategies to maintain surgical activity in case of repeated COVID 19 waves.


The principal objective of the course Generic knowledge and skills (taught and examined through a portfolio) is for doctoral students to, through continuous documentation and reflection, gain insight into their learning, into the extent to which they prog


Strouhal number and base pressure coefficient of a cylinder with an elongated rectangular cross section of a width-to-height ratio (the B/H ratio) of 4 to 15 were measured in the range of Reynolds numbers between 200 and 7×103 in a wind tunnel, and flow around the cylinder was visualized by means of the electrolytic-precipitation method in a water tank. It was found that there exist two components with different Strouhal numbers in a flow field around the elongated cylinder with the B/H ratio of 5.5 to 6.5 in the limited range of Reynolds numbers of 600 to 2×103. It is clarified by experiments on a model whose nose is shaped like an aerofoil that the component with a high Strouhal frequency is induced by the vortices shed from trailing edges. The low Strouhal component is due to the oscillation of flow over the side walls accompanied by the movements of separation bubbles, so its value of Strouhal number, which is based on the streamwise length of the cylinder, remains constant; however, with further increase in the B/H ratio, it increases in a stepwise manner to values that are equal to the integral multiples.


Flower Power Inc. was set up to study the long term effects of blends of sunflower oil and diesel fuel on engine components. Tests to date have indicated that farm diesel tractors can be operated on blends of up to 50% sunflower oil and diesel fuel but that its continued use would appear to cause premature engine problems. While the results of the tests are encouraging, use of sunflower oil as a fuel is not yet recommended. Continued long term testing is needed to evaluate the performance of sunflower oil-diesel blends.


The influence of liquid-solid ratio,extraction time and sodium hydroxide concentration on extraction ratio of alkali extraction Grifola frondosa polysaccharide were studied by quadratic regression orthogonal design.These three parameters were analyzed and optimized by Design-Expert experimental software through the regression model.The optimized extraction parameters were obtained as follows: liquid-solid ratio 66∶1,extraction time 33 min,sodium hydroxide concentration 0.29 mol/L.Under that condition,the extraction ratio of alkali-soluble polysaccharide of Grifola frondosa reached 0.70%.