This authoritative reference work identifies thousands of marks from American, English and European potters. In the main body of the text, the marks are presented by potter in alphabetical order. Included in each potter's listing is the location of the firm, a brief history of the company, the span of years from the firm's establishment until its dissolution, and any former and subsequent company affiliations associated with that firm. The marks associated with that potter are presented in chronological order. Also provided are listings of further readings for those wishing either to delve deeper into the history of the firm or to view images of wares upon which these marks appear. American and Canadian importers, and the potters for whom they imported wares, are also identified. In addition, numerous appendices provide future information pertaining to ware types and printed patterns produced by the various potters, registry dates, and much more. A glossary of pottery terms and an extensive bibliography round out the presentation. This encyclopedia, years in the making, provides the most current research on potters spanning two hundred years and is the essential reference for everyone interested in ceramics.


[Objective] To develop a compound beverage with blackberry and hawthorn,so as to improve their added value and economic benefits.[Method] The blackberry juice was prepared by liquefied enzymatic method,and the hawthorn juice was prepared by extraction,the blackberry and hawthorn juice were mixed at a certain proportion,and then added with stabilizer,sugar and critic acid to produce the compound beverage with good taste.[Result] The optimum liquefied enzymatic conditions concluded by orthogonal experiment were 0.050% pectinase amount(pectinase vitality for the 3 000 U/g),3 h of hydrolysis time and 55 ℃ of hydrolysis temperature.The optimum extraction conditions concluded by single factor test were 1-3 U/ml of pectinase and 2 h of hydrolysis time.Blackberry and hawthorn were mixed in the ratio of 1∶ 3,the prepared juice had good color,favorable smell,stable status and good taste.[Conclusion] The produced blackberry and hawthorn juice has rich nutrients and good taste,and has been well accepted.


Background:
 The risk of ischemic stroke mortality increases with age, but the impact of stroke severity on this relationship has not been fully examined.

 Methods:
 We included adults in the National Inpatient Sample from 2016-2019 who had a primary discharge diagnosis of ischemic stroke (I63*) and a baseline NIH Stroke Scale (NIHSS). The primary outcome was in-hospital death. The exposure of age had left skew, so we transformed it into deciles. We fit a logistic regression model adjusted for sex, race/ethnicity, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, thrombolytic therapy, and endovascular therapy. We report the predicted probability of the primary outcome with and without NIHSS and use structural equation modeling (SEM) to estimate the proportion of age's effect on the primary outcome that is mediated by stroke severity.

 Results:
 We included 138,637 individuals, of which 3.5% died in-hospital. The proportion of in-hospital death and an NIHSS violinplot by decile of age are seen in Figure 1, both of which had a positive linear relationship. The AUC of the multivariable model without NIHSS was 0.70 and with NIHSS was 0.86 (p<0.001). The predicted probability of death is seen without and with NIHSS in Figure 2, illustrating the importance of adjusting for NIHSS. In the SEM model, we observed that 57.7% of age's effect on in-hospital death is mediated by stroke severity.

 Conclusions:
 We found that elderly individuals in the United States have more severe stroke and higher stroke mortality, but the effect of age on stroke mortality is primarily mediated by elderly individuals having more severe stroke. Additional research is needed to better understand this novel finding.


This first project, under the auspices of the Arctic Military Environmental Cooperation (AMEC) forum, Project 1.4-1 Solid Radioactive Waste Storage Technologies, successfully demonstrated the feasibility of using a polymer-based coating to seal concrete and steel surfaces from permanent radioactive contamination in an Arctic marine environment. A mobile, self-sufficient spraying device, was developed to specifications provided by the Russian Ministry of Defence Northern Navy and was deployed at the RTP Atomflot site, Murmansk, Russia. Demonstration coatings of Polibrid 705 were applied to concrete surfaces exposed to conditions ranging from indoor pedestrian usage to heavy vehicle passage and container handling in a loading bay. A large steel container was also coated with the polymer, filled with solid radwaste, sealed, and left out of doors and exposed to the full 12 month Arctic weather cycle. The field tests were accompanied by a series of laboratory qualification tests carried out at the research laboratory of ICC Nuclide in St. Petersburg. During the 12-month field tests, the sealant coating showed little sign of degradation except for a few chips and gouge marks on the loading bay surface that were readily repaired. Contamination resulting from radwaste handling was easily removed and the surface was not degraded by contact with the decontamination agents. In the laboratory testing, Polibrid 705 met all the Russian qualification requirements with the exception of flammability. In this last instance, it was decided to restrict application of the coating to land-based facilities. The Russian technical experts from the Ministry of Defence quickly familiarized themselves with the equipment and were able to identify several areas of potential improvement as deployment of the equipment progressed. The prime among these was the desirability of extending the range of the equipment through enlarged gasoline tanks (to permit extended operational times) and longer material supply hoses (to increase flexibility of operation in confined spaces). Modifications designed to address these issues will be implemented as appropriate.


Innate immunity is the first line of host defense against pathogenic invasion in metazoans. The transcription factor BATF3 plays a crucial role in the development of conventional dendritic cells and the program of CD8 + T cell survival and memory, but the role of BATF3 in innate immunity response remains unclear. Here, we show an evolutionarily conserved basic-region leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor BATF3/ZIP-10 suppresses innate immune response through repressing p38/PMK-1 MAPK pathway in vitro and in vivo. The worm mutant lacking C. elegans homolog BATF3, ZIP-10, exhibited enhanced resistance to PA14 infection, which was completely rescued by transgenic expression of either endogenous zip-10 or mouse or human Batf3 cDNA driven by worm zip-10 promoter. ZIP-10 expression was inhibited by a microRNA miR-60 that was downregulated upon PA14 infection. Moreover, the level of phosphorylated but not total PMK-1/p38 was attenuated by ZIP-10 and stimulated by miR-60. The human HEK293 cells with Batf3 overexpression or RNAi knockdown exhibited the reduction or increase of the cell viability upon P. aeruginosa PA14 infection, respectively. The overexpression of either worm ZIP-10 or human BATF3 abolished the activation of p38 and inhibited the expression of the antimicrobial peptide and cytokine genes in HEK293 cells. Our findings indicate that the genetic transcriptional program of the evolutionally conserved bZIP transcription factor BATF3/ZIP-10 suppresses the innate immunity by attenuating the p38 MAPK signaling activity, which expands our understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying relevant infectious diseases.


Tavshana volcanic rocks have a considerable outcrop to Eocene in the mountains of Talesh, West of Gilan Province in Iran. From petrographic point of view, they have the major composition of Trachyandesite with Mega porphyric tissue. Geochemically speaking, these rocks belong to Alkaline Potassium series and negative anomalies of Ti, Ta, Nb and positive anomalies of K and Pb are proof of contamination of these rocks with their continental crust. In diagrams identifying tectonic positions, Tavshana Trachyandesites are located within the rift basalts range in the continental plates. Studying the patterns of incompatible elements and comparing them with the values of continental Tholeiites indicates that primary magmas forming are similar to continental Tholeiites that have been contaminated by the rocks of upper continental crust. Eocene volcanism in this area is similar to that of inter-continental rifts so that our research shows that primary magma continental tholeiitic trachyandesite of the same region in which an inter-continental rift environment emanating from the upper continental crust rocks have been affected to some degree. We believe that the potassic feature is not of the characteristic of the origin zone but crustal contamination leads to rise in magma potassium and the formation of potassic series and false Shoshonites in the rocks of the region


Ninety-eight workers, 65 exposed to organic solvents and 33 unexposed, were examined in order to assess possible neurotoxic signs and symptoms related to solvent exposure. The study group, who were selected according to the type of exposure in a given work process, had been exposed to various types of solvents. The groups were comparable in regard to age, the history of brain traumas and other neurological diseases, and alcohol consumption. The exposed workers had more symptoms of intellectual impairment, poorer performances in psychological tests, and more often signs of cerebral asthenopia. Symptoms and signs of peripheral neuropathy were not significantly increased. Solvent exposure and neurotoxic signs and symptoms were mildly correlated in the study group. Such dose-effect correlations have previously been proved only in a few epidemiological studies. This warrants reevaluation of the risk of developing toxic encephalopathy during prolonged occupational exposure to solvents.


Passive packet capture under high traffic load network will lead to NIC interrupt frequently.In this paper,an explanation for the poor performance of packet capture under heavey load is presented.A approach is proposed to decrease the number of NIC interrupt that NAPI mechanism for linux-based systems is taken.


Optimum scalar quantization is considered for the IIR filter and quantization system presented in "Power reduction in wireless receivers through multistage digital filtering and quantization" [1]. In [1], only suboptimum uniform quantization was used. An optimum scalar quantizer was constructed for a training sequence with a Signal to Interference ratio of −40dB, as was considered in extensively in [1]. While A/D distortion was lowered by 30%, solutions of comparable circuit power and complexity did not lower the overall bit−error rate.


BOH magnetometer was installed at Mt. Bohyun in 2007 and has provided continuous dataset for 3-axis geomagnetic field over the South Korea. We have calculated real-time K-index based on BOH magnetic field data using well-known FMI method. Local K-index is calculated eight times a day, per every three hours. To calculate K-index, it is critical to get the Quiet Day Curve (QDC). For QDC calculation, we take the previous one month's average of H-component. In this paper, we compared four geomagnetic stations' magnetic field data over South Korea and Japan and K-indices of each stations; Bohyun, Gangneung, Jeju, and Kakioka for two years data, 2011-2012. To investigate the difference depending on the latitude, longitude and local time in more detail, we compare K-index on International Quiet Days (IQDs) and International Disturbed Days (IDDs). As a result, we report the correlation between local K-indices are higher than those between Kp and local K-indices, and the correlation is much better after sunset than after sunrise. As the geomagnetic activity becomes stronger, the correlation between the local K-indices and global Kp-index become higher.


The generalized phase contrast method (GPC) can produce a rich variety of optical landscapes from an incident flattop beam. Here we show that the GPC can generate various intensity distributions directly from an incident Gaussian illumination. This is illustrated by using GPC-based implementation of phase-only apertures that efficiently redirect the available photons from an initial bell-shaped intensity distribution into desired configurations. GPC can reshape a Gaussian beam into patterns having sharp intensity transitions and a flat phase profile in the bright regions with superior energy efficiency over amplitude masks. Eliminating the initial Gaussian-to-flattop beamshaping requirement can be beneficial for various applications employing GPC-based patterns.


The contribution of the surface flow of a gas to the total flow rate has been investigated experimentally on the basis of the method of the gas-dynamic monitoring of nuclear ultrafiltration membranes in the gases He, N/sub 2/, Kr, and Xe. The characteristic parameters of the surface diffusion for each gas have been determined, and approximation plots, on the basis of which the boundaries of the applicability of the method were selected, have been determined.


This paper presents fluid manipulation using multiscale spiral-type magnetic machines with magnetic wireless operations. Magnetic spiral-type or helical machines have been widely used for biomedical applications. We considered two applications in the spiral-type magnetic machine: microfluid control (micromixer and micropump) and application for a pediatric blood pump. We investigated micropumping and mixing abilities by using the magnetic spiral machine (Φ 1.25 mm × 10 mm) in a silicone oil with a kinetic viscosity of 5 mm2/s. In addition, we confirmed the ability to apply these to a pediatric blood pump based on large machine (Φ 18 mm × 35 mm). The pump produced a flow rate of 1 to 3.5 L/min with a pressure rise of 40-60 mmHg.


A classical trajectory simulation performed on the PES1(Br) analytic potential energy surface is used to study the atomic-level dynamics of the Cl−+CH3Br→ClCH3+Br−SN2 nucleophilic substitution reaction. At low reactant relative translational energies Erel of less than 5 kcal/mol, the reaction is dominated by an indirect mechanism in which the Cl−⋯CH3Br complex or both the Cl−⋯CH3Br and ClCH3⋯Br− complexes are formed. For Erel>10 kcal/mol a direct reaction mechanism dominates without the formation of either complex. For Erel of 5–10 kcal/mol there is a minimum in the SN2 rate constant which, for a CH3Br vibrational/rotational temperature Tvr of 300 K, is ∼400 times smaller than the rate at Erel of 0.1 kcal/mol. The dependence of the trajectory SN2 rate constants on Erel, Tv, and Tr is significantly different than the prediction of a statistical theoretical model. For Erel⩽10 kcal/mol there is a much more pronounced decrease in the trajectory SN2 rate constant as Erel is increased as compared to the statist...


When it gained access to domains that are not naturally given to man--to astronomical spaces or microphysical realities the more inventiveness in the wielding of algorithm science has exhibited, the more conservative it has shown itself to be in what concerns theory of knowledge. . . . The considerations regarding scale, for example, if they are really taken seriously, should not relegate all the truths of physics to the side of the "subjective"--a move that would maintain the rights of the idea of an inaccessible "objectivity"--but they should contest the very principle of this cleavage and make the contact between the observer and the observed enter into the definition of the "real." Maurice MerleauPonty, The Visible and the Invisible.


The sedimentary history of the upper Maastrichtian–Paleocene succession underneath the extensive Paleocene flood basalts in central West Greenland supports models for the generation of flood basalt provinces in response to rising, hot mantle plumes. The rise of the North Atlantic mantle plume was associated with deposition of at least three sedimentary sequences; each associated with incision of submarine canyons and valleys. Relative sea-level changes were caused by plumerelated tectonics and generation of sequence boundaries was in general associated with catastrophic sedimentation and very rapid development of sequences. As such the late Maastrichtian–early Paleocene sequences record a spectacular and significant but rare geological event.


A method of processing a surface of a metallic implant, such as a dental implant, to provide a desirable surface roughness is disclosed. The method includes subjecting the metallic implant to blasting with particles of one or more titanium oxides. The titanium oxides include at least one non-stoichiometric titanium oxide, with the particles having a compact morphology and a particle size in the range of from 1 to 300 [mu]m. The produced implant surface showed unexpectedly high retention strength after implantation in bone.


Following a recent proposal (Muschik et al 2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 052312), engineered dissipative processes have been used for the generation of stable entanglement between two macroscopic atomic ensembles at room temperature (Krauter et al 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 107 080503). This experiment included the preparation of entangled states which are continuously available during a time interval of 1 h. Here, we present additional material, further-reaching data and an extension of the theory developed in Muschik et al (2011 Phys. Rev. A 83 052312). In particular, we show how the combination of the entangling dissipative mechanism with measurements can give rise to a substantial improvement of the generated entanglement in the presence of noise.


Literacy is one of the most important skills for people to improve their lives and participate in society. Literacy allows people to advocate for themselves and gain a stepping stone out of poverty and obtain greater independence in their own education and career. The United Nations advocates for literacy as "a fundamental human right, and the foundation of all education and lifelong learning", as well as noting its importance in accelerating peace and development. This paper aims to analyze the relationship between literacy rates of different countries with their total annual wages paid, to measure the impact of literacy on nations' development and economic growth through the objective measure of employee wages. This combines two of the UN's core goals: Goal 4 for quality education and Goal 8 for countries' economic growth.


We examine the nature of the dynamic linkage (causality) between earnings and capital investment using firm-level data from around the world to see whether the legal environment, including corporate governance and monitoring mechanisms, and financial development are important in the profitability of capital investment. Using firms in 40 countries over the period 1988–2004, we find that the causality from earnings to capital investment is positive and strong in almost all countries, irrespective of the type of legal system and the degree of financial development. However, the causality from capital investment to earnings is generally negative for firms in civil law and financially undeveloped countries, while the causality is generally positive in common law and financially developed countries. Therefore, our international cross-country study enables us to find that the legal system and financial development are factors in the determination of the profitability of capital investment. Our findings imply that internal financing is a significant constraint for capital investment, which provides support for the pecking order theory even for financially developed markets and for the free cash flow theory. Common law and financially developed countries tend to provide better shareholder protection with more efficient corporate governance and better investment decisions. To encourage managers to make capital investments in value-increasing projects, it is important to further improve a legal environment that includes corporate governance, monitoring, and incentive mechanisms. Financial development that includes effective financial regulatory agencies should be sought.


Since the late 1980s, the development of genomic technologies and their application to DNA sequencing and functional analysis have been firmly rooted within public sector science programmes. Basic research programmes which have been funded by the European Commission, national government bodies and medical charities have together worked to establish the various components which today form the basis for the large integrated public genome databases. Although gene identification was already in progress in many laboratories worldwide in a range of organisms, particularly human, a systematic mapping and sequencing effort by a large number of collaborating laboratories was not established until the early 1990s. At this point, gene mapping in humans, some plants and animals was beginning to develop. The main bodies funding this kind of work were the European Commission, national research bodies such as the National Institutes of Health in the US, INSERM in France, the Medical Research Council in the UK and charitable foundations such as the UK Wellcome Trust. The European Commission in particular played a major role in developing Europe's capability in genome analysis. The main impact of European investments has occurred at three levels. First, through the prescient initiation of genomics programmes in the late 1980s, the European Commission acted early to build competence in genomic analysis in Europe, developing an already strong European yeast scientific community.' At the second level these early EC initiatives stimulated national governments to make their own investments in genomic research. This was particularly evident in France and the UK. National, regional and international genomics programmes have provided the context for industrial exploitation of the wide, varied and enormously informationally rich output. Thirdly, the commitment to the early and complete release of DNA sequenced-based information encouraged users in both the public and private sector to realise the potential of that information. The main aim of the European genomics programmes has been to enhance European competitiveness. A key challenge is how to ensure that these research investments in basic / strategic research are effec-


IntroductionA contemporary teacher is a creative person possessing pedagogical problem solving and critical thinking, a creator of syllabi for multi elective courses based on advanced experience and new techniques of instruction and training, and interpreting them under the specific pedagogical conditions with diagnostic goal setting and reflection.These high demands to the personality of a teacher and his professional competencies suggest completely different mechanisms of evaluation and presentation of his achievements and results related to his educational, developing, methodological, scientific research, self-educational, realization of personal potential, and other of activities (Shaidullina et al., 2015). One of the forms is a portfolio as a collection of materials that document one's teaching performance, highlights significant teaching accomplishments, and is able to lead to self-reflection and promotion decisions.Major contradictions that caused creation and use of Teacher Portfolio in education system are the following:* between the requirements to professional standard for teachers and formal approach to evaluation of the quality of his professional activities, or work;* between the obsolete system of evaluation and assessment and contemporary requirement to the system of school education, as well as the quality of educational and training services provided;* between the need to improve staff policy in a contemporary school and the lack of adequate forms of work with teachers staff in educational institutions.Literature ReviewThe studies on the issues of designing, creating and using a portfolio in educational practice have been conducted in different directions: the study of foreign, or international, experience in using a portfolio in education and training, presented by V. K. Zagvozdkin (2004), T. G. Novikova, A. S. Prutchenkova & E. E. Fedotova (2005) in their papers; N. V. Zelenko & A. G. Mogilevska (2009), L. S. Kolodkina (2008), O. V. Nikiforov (2007), A. A. Semenov (2008), E. Kh. Tazutdinova (2010) reported in their papers that a portfolio may be successfully used in professional training of future teachers; L.P. Makarova (2010), M. A. Pinskaya (2009), M. M. Potashnik (2009), L. A. Pronina (2009), Zagvozdkin V. K. (2010) considered the issues of creating and using a professional teacher portfolio in pedagogical work.The number of foreign researchers devoted their papers to the issues of creating and developing a portfolio: D. Baume (2001), B. W. Hurst (1998), M. Kimball (2002), J. Strivens (2007).There are different definitions of portfolio concept given by Russian researchers: Yu. Yu. Dergacheva (2009) accentuates attention on the fact that this is the form that helps in developing and assessing teacher's practice, determining the level of skills and competencies and, in training, adapting them to the conditions maximally responding to professional routines.E. V. Grigorenko (2007) defines portfolio as an effective method of rational and transparent professionals' promotion on the labor market. It is a method to assess their competencies, as well as their career prospects, professional and creative cooperation with an employer.In our view, interpretation of portfolio concept only as the means of evaluating and assessing skills and competencies is very specific and doesn't fully define its true meaning, since the very idea of portfolio and the strategy of its implementation in educational practice has been considered in the context of changes occurring in the current educational paradigm. Under the conditions of dynamically developing reality it is necessary for a teacher to develop and implement his/her individual strategy of developing and improving his competences, competitiveness, personal and professional self-determination and self-implementation in the contemporary society.The increasing number of publications devoted to the issues and challenges of using portfolio in educational practice still does not introduce clarity into the content and essence of this question, thus causing the need for further study of this phenomenon, disclosing its essential, functional, structural characteristics and principles. …


Objective To explore the atorvastatin impact of pretreatment on spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injured model of rabbits.Methods The animal model was induced by occlusion abdominal aorta. Spinal cord was performed for 45 min ischemia and neuronal function was evaluated at 2 h,6 h,12 h,and 24 h after reperfusion. The contents of malonydialdehyde (MDA),superoxide dismutase (SOD) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were assayed 24 h after reperfusion.Results The neuronal function decreased significantly 12 h and 24 h after reperfusion. The activity of SOD significantly enhanced,MDA contents and the activity of MPO decreased at medium-dose and high-dose atorvastatin.Conclusion Atorvastatin has protective effect on the spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury of rabbits.


Objective:In order to explore the clinical significance of coronary collateral circulation in coronary artery disease (CHD) by analyse clinical data (SCA). Methods:The subjects were divided into three groups: control (patients without CHD), CHD patients without coronary collateral circulation and CHD patients with coronary collateral circulation according to SCA. Results:Comparaing with the non-CHD patients, the susceptiblity factor of the CHD patients had no significance, but having high incidence of diabetes. Main CHD susceptiblity factor ?incidence of UAP were no significance different between with and without coronary collateral circulation patients. Non-coronary collateral circulation had high incidence of CHF,MI or aneurysm. Total occlusion is mostly in CHD patients with coronary collateral circulation.The site of lesion with coronary collateral circulation patients were left anterior descend; the site of lesion without coronary collateral circulation patients were right coronary artery. Conclusion:Our studies demonstrate that prognosis of CHD is related to the formation of coronary collateral circulation.


Interleukin (IL)‐13 is a pleiotropic cytokine secreted by activated Th2 T lymphocytes. Th1 cytokines are assumed to exacerbate and Th2 cytokines to ameliorate rat experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM). Here, we examined the effect of IL‐13 on EAM, using a hydrodynamics‐based delivery of an IL‐13‐Ig fusion gene, as well as the possible mechanism of its effect. Rats were immunized on day 0, and IL‐13‐Ig‐treated rats were injected with pCAGGS‐IL‐13‐Ig, and control rats with pCAGGS‐Ig, on day 1 or 7. On day 17, the IL‐13‐Ig gene therapy was effective in controlling EAM as monitored by a decreased heart weight/body weight ratio, by reduced myocarditis and by reduced atrial natriuretic peptide mRNA in the heart, as a heart failure marker. On the basis of IL‐13 receptor mRNA expression in separated cells from EAM hearts, we proposed that IL‐13‐Ig target cells were CD11b+ cells and non‐cardiomyocytic noninflammatory (NCNI) cells, such as fibroblasts, smooth muscle or endothelial cells. IL‐13‐Ig inhibited expression of the genes for prostaglandin E synthase, cyclooxygenase‐2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, IL‐1β and TNF‐α in cultivated cells from EAM hearts, while it enhanced expression of the IL‐1 receptor antagonist gene. We conclude that IL‐13‐Ig ameliorates EAM and suppose that its effectiveness may be due to the influence on these immunologic molecules in CD11b+ and NCNI cells.


Degree of substitutability between inputs is measured by the elasticity of substitution, one of the most fundamental measures in the theory of production. For multi-input production technology AES estimates has dominated the Applied Production Theory for quite a long and very crucial period of time. However, in the early eighties AES had been questioned on theoretical grounds and In lieu MES was suggested as an appropriate measure.


New regulations for drug pricing mean that the developing world's pharmacy cannot provide for a huge number of its own citizens, writes Dinsa Sachan


The cladding of titanium and graphite powders on the cp-titanium workpieces using the electron beam injected to the atmosphere provided the formation of the surface layers with a high content of high-strength carbide particles. The main structural components in cladded layers are α-Ti (αʹ-Ti), titanium carbide and graphite. Electron beam current is the main technological parameter defining a thickness of the hardened layer. An increasing beam current ranged from 20 to 23 mA leads to the cladded layer growth up to 2.9 mm. However, in this case a significant decrease of the microhardness level and the wear resistance level of the cladded layer is not observed. An average microhardess value of the hardened layer is of 430 HV. Under the conditions of friction against fixed abrasive particles, a wear resistance level of the cladded layers is by 32-45 % larger than that of cp-titanium.


The present invention provides a polymeric optical material capable of curing in air and in the telecommunications C-band and L spectral bands each having a low loss of light. The polymer material is at least difunctional thiol compound with at least difunctional ethylenically unsaturated radically polymerizable compound is prepared, and wherein the thiol compound is at least one of the ethylenically unsaturated at least partially halogenated compound . The compositions of the invention may be used to manufacture a low loss and low birefringence planar optical waveguide.


:  In this paper the proposed New Zealand Coastal Policy Statement is set within the context of its Resource Management Act legislative framework and in terms of the evolution of the fundamental influence of policy statements on coastal management in New Zealand. This discussion is coupled with an examination of the development of strong policy directions in the proposed statement and the potential impact of giving effect to these policies on the regional and unitary authorities tasked with this responsibility.


Plants from USAMV Bucharest and from the areas surrounding the campus were studied. Finding and identifying the pests that attacked these plants were made inside the Genetics, Improvement and Plants' Protection Department, Entomology Section and the study of the morphological, histological and physiological changes that followed the attack of several pests were realised inside the Botanics and Plants' Physiology Department. The material was photographed with a digital camera. We mention that there are few data in the speciality literature regarding the morphological, histological and physiological modifications caused by the presented pests. It was observed that changes concerning the aspect, anatomy and physiology of the diseased plants appear.


Modeling of implosion of nested tungsten wire arrays on the Z generator by two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic code ZETA including radiation transport with non-LTE-LTE approximation is performed in order to reproduce experimental results. It is shown that it is possible to fit the experimental results if 10% level of initial mass perturbation of the tungsten wire arrays is imposed. The implosion dynamics and the Rayleigh-Taylor instability developed, are discussed. Plasma of the z-pinch is in nonLTE regime.


For a long time Jonathan Edwards (1703-58) was thought of more as a preacher of hellfire and revival than as a theologian, and rather as a Calvinist theologian than a philosopher of importance, and he was dismissed accordingly. Yet Edwards was more than a hellfire preacher, more than a theologian. This New England divine was one of the rare individuals anywhere to recognize and answer the challenges posed to traditional Christian belief by the emergence of new modes of thought in early modern history - the new ideas of the scientific thought and the Enlightenment. His force of mind is evident in his exposition of the poverty of mechanical philosophy, which radically transformed the traditional Christian dialectic of God's utter transcendence and divine immanence by gradually dimin-ishing divine sovereignty with respect to creation, providence, and redemption, thus leading to the disenchantment of the world. Edwards constructed a teleological and theological alternative to the prevailing mechanistic interpretation of the essential nature of reality, whose ultimate goal was the re-enchantment of the world by reconstituting the glory of God's majestic sovereignty, power, and will within the order of creation.


An approach based on genetic algorithm is proposed, which finds the low-cost multicasting tree with delay constrained. Schema theorem is used to discuss the probability that genetic algorithm can be applied to finds the low-cost multicasting tree with delay constrained. The simulation results show that this approach has simple operation, fast convergence and high reliability. It can meet the real-time requirement in multimedia communication networks.


The present invention is a biological active agent via the oral sokbun acid / in soluble drug delivery system for the medical treatment of a patient suffering from severe oral complications make causing a difficulty swallowing a formulation for oral difficult to treat disease in a patient suffering from severe oral complications It relates to administration. In particular, the present invention discloses the administration of biological active agent via the oral sokbun dispersible / soluble in the drug delivery system for the medical treatment of a patient suffering from dysphagia and / or swallowing whole and / or aspiration hazard. Another aspect of the present invention the administration of biological active agent via the oral sokbun dispersible / soluble in the drug delivery system to the risk of treatment dysphagia and / or swallowing tube and / or suction.


Drought conditions in the Southwestern U. S. and other parts of the world, the potential future impacts of climate change and politically-charged decisions regarding the allocation of water resources continue to challenge the agricultural community to find ways to successfully grow necessary food crops using less irrigation water. In addition, in many parts of the U. S., high levels of certain salts render ground water supplies unusable for salt-sensitive crops. Salt accumulation in soil and in tissues can also be a problem when water conservation methods are applied. Methods that save water and counteract salt accumulation are needed. Historically, magnetic water treatment (MWT) has shown promise in addressing both concerns though results have been inconsistent and somewhat controversial. This study evaluated the effect of MWT on lettuce yield, photosynthetic activity and nutrient levels under various irrigation reduction regimes. In addition, Watermark soil moisture sensors from Irrometer were used to measure the matric potential of root-depth soil of MWT, and non-MWT plants under those same regimes. Results indicated that statistically significant increases in yield, total chlorophyll and concentrations of some macro and micro-nutrients in plants treated by MWT could be achieved while using significantly less water compared to non-MWT irrigation water. In addition, MWT may also help counteract the effect of harmful sodium buildup in plants when less irrigation water was used.


Abstract Addition of triethylammonium formate followed by commercial zinc dust to a solution of azo compounds in methanol offers a general and convenient means for reducing both symmetrical and unsymmetrical azo compounds to the corresponding amine(s) at room temperature. Many other reducible and hydrogenolyzable groups such as OCH3, OH, COOH, CH3, COCH3, SO3Na, and halogens are tolerated. The reduction is fast, clean, high yielding, and inexpensive compared to earlier methods.


This article critically examines the evidence and claims made by Gavin Menzies of Ming Dynasty Chinese circumnavigation of the world in 1421: the year China discovered the World. It concludes that the evidence presented remains highly speculative and is not sufficient to justify the conclusions Menzies draws.


A novel detection technique for Ultra‐High Energy Cosmic Rays based on microwave emission from the extensive air showers may provide large area coverage with 100% duty cycle at low cost. The status and prospects of several complementary R&D projects for GHz detectors is reviewed.


The EPR method was used to study the effect of Pt added to Cr-HZSM on the reduction of Cr 5+ cations localized in the channels of the zeolite in H 2 , CH 4 , C 2 H 6 and n-C 6 H 14 and on catalytic activity in the aromatization of C 2 H 6 and n-C 6 H 14 . It is shown that the addition of Pt does not affect the concentration or parameters of the EPR spectra of the Cr 5+ cation


Nanocrystalline nickel was synthesized by direct current electrodeposition. The microstructure of nanocrystalline nickel was studied by TEM and X-ray diffraction. The results indicated that nanocrytsalline nickel could be synthesized from Watt's type bath containing saccharin with higher current density. The microhardness of the deposits was remarkably increased and the crystal grains decreased as current density and saccharin consistency increased. The nickel deposits had (111) and (200) fibre texture.


Based on a sample of 310 employees from China,this study is designed to examine the influence of paternalistic leadership on employee engagement,and investigates the mediating role and moderating role of leadership justice between paternalistic leadership and employee engagement by structured questionnaires.Results of hierarchical regression analysis reveal that both benevolent leadership,moral leadership and authoritarian leadership haoe a significant positive influence on employee engagement and benevolent leadership is the most powerful predictor. Meanwhile,the interaction between benevolent leadership and authoritarian leadership also haoe a significant influence on employee engagement. Leadership justice plays a partly mediating role between benevolent leadership and employee engagement and also plays a whole mediating role between moral leadership and employee engagement. Finally,leadership justice also plays a moderating role between benevolent leadership and employee engagement. It can be found that leadership justice was the mediating role and moderating role between benevolent leadership and employee engagement.


Abstract Based Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2007, the national prevalence of mental emotional disorder in the population aged ≥ 15 years was 11.6%. The data indicate the numbers are quite large. Based on the observations of researchers one of the things that potentially associated with children's mental health is the parents' parenting. This study aimed to determine the relationship of parenting parents with mental health Grade 5 and 6 at SDN 01 Ngombakan Polokarto District of Sukoharjo district. Results of this research are (1) 34 respondents (74%) with democratic parenting, while 12 parents of respondents (26%) with the authoritarian parenting, and no parents with permissive parenting. (2) a total of 27 respondents (58%) in a healthy mental state, while 19 respondents (42%) in an unhealthy mental state. The conclusion with Pearson Chi-Square is 0.0379, where <of α: 0:05. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between parenting parents with mental health Grade 5 and 6 at SDN 01 Ngombakan Polokarto District of Sukoharjo district. Keywords: Parenting, Mental Health, School Age


This article traces the history of s 2(3) of the Wills Act 7 of 1953 - the Act's so-called 'condonation provision'. It examines the reasons for the legislature's introduction of a rescue provision in regard to formally irregular wills and amendments of wills, and surveys the manner in which South African courts have engaged with testamentary condonation to date. The article pays particular attention to three matters regarding s 2(3) that still pose challenges to courts in their engagement with testamentary rescue: the precise ambit of the condonation provision's document requirement; some difficulties associated with the subsection's intention requirement; and the question whether the subsection demands substantial compliance with execution and/or amendment formalities before condonation can occur. The authors submit that these unresolved matters require further legislative attention.


Differently Effect factors(temperature,control of temperature,time of sullage disintegration,power of ultrasound,frequency ultrasound)by change of COD,NH3-N,TP in the filtrate have been discussed for in the experiment of sullage disintegration.The rule of sullage disintegration is eaplored and this gives the foundation to experiment.The result shows that ultrasound is an effective method for sullage disintegration.


Robotic operations in space with telepresence systems require high data rates for sensor and video feedback in combination with very low delays for precise and transparent control. The ESA funded project HiCLASS-ROS (Highly Compact Laser Communication Systems for Robotic Operations Support) demonstrated the use of optical communication links for symmetrical and bi-directional high data rate links in combination with lowlatency channel coding for very low round trip times comparable to a LEO scenario.


Abstract:
 Neoraimondia have short-shoots comprised of a large areole with indeterminate growth ('Kurztriebcephalien'). Flowers of some other cacti are subtended by modestly large photosynthetic leaves. Many specimens of the organ pipe cactus, Stenocereus thurberi, seem to have all these traits: large short-shoots with indeterminate growth and fleshy photosynthetic leaves. Short-shoots in organ pipe cactus grow new photosynthetic leaves at their apical meristem and sometimes flower, branch, and form discrete areoles with new spines. However, unlike short-shoots in Neoraimondia, spherical short-shoots of Stenocereus thurberi seem to retain chlorenchyma and lack extensive cork development.


Rock support systems are used to maintain the stability of underground openings and reinforce disturbed rock masses after creating an excavation. This study, in turn, will help in the selection of an appropriate number of blasts in a drive, from where the support system is required to stop mitigation of the stressdeformation conditions around it. Here, two models have been built and simulated using the RS2D programme, i.e. first to optimize the pillar and gallery size for maximum safety and extraction ratio and second is evaluation by numerical modelling and validation with rock mechanics instruments to study on mining-induced stresses, factor of safety, and displacement around the drive with no rock support system for every blast advance. The interpretation of instrumentation data collected shows that drive stability suffers significantly, with no rock support after third blast in the second model and necessity of proper rock support system is confirmed and validated.


The effects of the amount of Bi2O3 and melting temperatures on the surface morphology of GdBCO films were studied. Films were observed to exhibit large island formations due to the addition of Bi2O3. Increasing the amount of Bi2O3 added enhances the melting of the sample, resulting to denser, more uniform surfaces and change in the grain structure of the island formations. Increasing the melting temperature naturally promotes the melting of the sample. A suitable melting temperature was found to be greater than 950oC to avoid remnants of powder on the film surface. The film with 10 wt% Bi2O3 addition and melt quenched at 1000oC exhibited the most favorable surface morphology compared to the other films.


One major challenge in incorporating flexible electronics or optoelectronics on curved surfaces is the requirement of significant stretchability. We report a tunable platform for incorporating flexible and yet non-stretching device layers on a hemisphere. In this configuration, an array of planar petals contractively maps onto the surface of an inflatable hemisphere through elastocapillary interactions mediated by an interface liquid. A mechanical model is developed to elucidate the dependence of the conformality of the petal structures on their elastic modulus and thickness and the liquid surface tension. The modeling results are validated against experimental results obtained using petal structures of different thicknesses, restoring elastic spring elements of different spring constants, and liquids with different surface tension coefficients. Our platform will enable facile integration of non-stretching electronic and optoelectronic components prepared using established planar fabrication techniques on tunable hemispherical surfaces.


I. Introductory.—The researches of previous investigators have had the result of showing that the platform on which are planted the British Isles and adjoining parts of the European continent was formerly connected by land with Iceland through the Shetland and Faeröe Islands, and this again with Greenland. This former connection is placed beyond doubt by the character of the fauna and flora. Dr. Wallace includes Iceland in his Palæarctic region, which embraces the British Isles and Europe; and, as Professor Newton has shown, all the land mammalia, with only three exceptions, are European. The exceptions are those of Arctic habitats–the polar bear, the Arctic fox, and a mouse (Mus Icelandicus). Amongst the birds, the peculiar species are allied to those of Europe and the Faeroes. The botany and entomology of Iceland have been described in the Transactions of this Institute by the Eev. Dr. Walker, F.L.S.,3 and his observations bear witness to the former land connection of Iceland with the British Isles. He remarks that "the first thing that strikes a visitor from the latter country is not the number of Arctic species, but the great abundance of plants that are very rare and local in Britain, such as Saxifraga cmspitosa, Lichnis alpina, and Erigeron alpinum, etc." The disappearance of the former glacial conditions from the British Isles and their continuance in Iceland account for the remarkable abundance of the plants referred to.


We study the impact of pulsed laser annealing on SiGe-oninsulator (SGOI) substrated formed by Ge condensation. The Ge condensation process comprises of cyclic oxidation and annealing steps, resulting in a strained SiGe layer. The strain developed in the SiGe layer as condensation proceeds is systematically studied. The SGOI layer is then irradiated with an excimer laser. The laser annealing relaxes the compressive strain in the crystalline SiGe layer to -0.28% when irradiated with a laser fluence of 450mJ/cm for 7 consecutive pulses. Spectroscopic ellipsometry and atomic force microscopy measurements of the laser-annealed surface revealed the excellent crystallinity and improved surface roughness (~0.42 nm). A clear understanding of the strain evolution with excimer laser energy density and pulse number enables the SGOI substrate fabrication to be tailored according to the requirements of strain engineering for application in high mobility MOSFETs. INTRODUCTION Group-IV high-mobility semiconductors such as Ge has been considered as alternative channel materials for further extension of MOSFET performance [1]. Compared to silicon, Ge possesses higher carrier mobilities which are highly desirable for high speed applications. Semiconductor-on-insulator substrates with an ultrathin semiconductor thickness is attractive for achieving excellent electrostatic control and reduced short-channel effects. Therefore, SiGe-on-insulator (SGOI) or Ge-on-insulator (GOI) substrates are of great research interest. The substrate quality must be high and have low defect density. Substrates with high defect density and a rough surface would degrade transistor drive current and gate oxide quality. Ge condensation process has been employed to form SGOI and GOI substrates, with the quality depending on the choice of the initial substrate parameters (SOI thickness, SiGe thickness, SiGe epitaxy, Ge content etc.), and the process conditions during the Ge condensation process. In this work, we adopt a novel process which employs pulsed laser irradiation together with Ge condensation technique to form high-quality strain-relaxed SGOI substrates. This technique is promising for the fabrication of dislocation-free and strain-relaxed SGOI layers for ultra-thin-body transistors. SUBSTRATE FABRICATION The fabrication process for a partially relaxed Si0.17Ge0.83OI substate is shown in Fig. 1. Excimer laser irradiation relieves the strain of the SiGe layer without dislocation generated. Excimer laser irradiation (λ = 248 nm; full width at half maximum of the pulse = 23 ns) at room temperature was carried out under continuous purified N2 purging. Laser annealing using multiple pulses (1, 2, 5 and 7 pulses) and various fluences (0.25, 0.45, and 0.6 J cm) was performed to study the effect of repeated irradiation on strain relaxation of the Si0.17Ge0.83-on-insulator (Fig. 2). A TEM image of a Si0.17Ge0.83-on-insulator is featured in Fig. 3. Dislocations are observed in the condensed Si0.17Ge0.83 layer [Fig. 3(a)]. Many of the dislocations lie on 60° glide planes and do not propagate to the SiGeburied-oxide interface. The propagation of dislocations could arise during film relaxation. If the laser energy density is high enough to fully melt the Si0.17Ge0.83 layer up to the point where the dislocation terminates, removal of the dislocation induced damage and epitaxial recrystallisation of the melted layer on the single-crystal substrate can be achieved [Fig. 3(b)]. It is observed that pulsed laser melting of Si0.17Ge0.83-on-insulator produces nearly defect free SiGe layers on the defect-free matrix in an epitaxial re-growth process. LASER IRRADIATION CONCEPT Fig. 4 schematically illustrates the structure of a laser-irradiated sample of Si0.17Ge0.83-on-insulator. The film quality of Si0.17Ge0.83on-insulator after laser irradiation depends on its initial thickness, the laser-pulse energy density and the number of pulses. If the energy density is low (250 mJ/cm), only the surface melts, and upon recrystallization, the resulting Si0.17Ge0.83-on-insulator will only be partially relaxed as its strain state is affected by the Si0.17Ge0.83 in the un-melted template. In the medium energy density range, (450 mJ/cm), the melting front (liquid-SiGe/solid-SiGe interface) does not reach to the SiGe/BOX interface. Thus, liquid-phase crystallization is induced by using the remaining unmelted Si0.17Ge0.83regions as the crystallization seeds. In the high energy density range, (600 mJ/cm), whole Si0.17Ge0.83 layers are completely melted and since there are no seeds to aid recrystallization, amorphous film is formed (Fig. 5). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Fig. 6(a) and 7(a) shows the atomic force micrscopy (AFM) and optical microscope image of the surface morphology of the of Si0.17Ge0.83-OI layer after the surface oxide was removed. Distinguishable cross-hatch patterns were observed in the image after Ge condensation. Cross-hatch renders the substrate unsuitable for device fabrication. Such crystal defects leads to high off-state leakage current and even source-drain shorts in devices. The recrystallisation process of the SiGe near the surface after the laser pulse restores the crystallinity in the SiGe film [Fig. 6(b) and 7(b)]. The absence of dislocation and cross hatch pattern indicates that strain is relieved without generating dislocations. Raman spectroscopy technique was used for evaluating the strain level in the Si0.17Ge0.83-OI layer (Fig. 8). The difference in the Raman shift indicates that annealing with a higher energy density of 450 mJ/cm results in more relaxation. Fig. 9 shows magnified profiles around the Ge-Ge mode peak. The Raman signal in Si0.17Ge0.83(ω) can be described by ω = ωSi0.17Ge0.83 + 16 (ε/ε0) [4]. A compressive strain with a magnitude of 0.8% was initially present in the Si0.17Ge0.83 layer after Ge condensation. Fig. 10 shows that laser annealing at 250 mJ/cm relaxes the SiGe film to 0.47%, and at 450 mJ/cm relaxes the film by a further 0.14%. One possible reason for the stress relaxation mechanism is the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients between Si0.17Ge0.83 and SiO2. During rapid cooling from the melting point of SiGe to room temperature, the thermal-expansion originated strain relaxes the compressive strain. Fig. 11 plots the strain state of the SiGe film as condensation proceeds with time. When the oxidation was interrupted with periodic anneal cycles, the strain state changed from -1.2% compressive strain, to -0.8%. The strain change was calibrated by shifts in the Raman peak of the Si-Si and Si-Ge. High temperature anneal enabled the viscous reflow of the buried oxide, and relaxed the SiGe film substantially. The strain relieving glide of the buried oxide prevents accumulation of the mismatch strain, which otherwise leads to the propagation of dislocations. Fig. 12 shows that increasing the number of laser pulses enhances laser energy absorption induced by surface inhomogeneities formed during laser annealing. Increasing the number of pulses leads to reduction of surface reflectance. From SLIM simulation[5], this results in more uniform melting and further enhances strain relaxation by 15.7% when laser pulse is increased from 1 to 7 pulses. CONCLUSION Relaxation of Si0.17Ge0.83-on-insulator film by laser irradiation has been examined. We have proposed a novel technique for strain relaxation in compressively strained SiGe by changing the laser power density and laser pulses to produce a relaxed SGOI structures. Process window (450 mJ/cm) for laser irradiation is sufficiently large, which is applicable for wafer production. These results demonstrate that laser annealing is be a useful technique to fabricate strain-relaxed SGOI and GOI substrates with reduced defect density. REFERENCES [1] H. Shang, et al,, IEDM Tech Dig., pp. 441-444, 2002 [2] G. H. Wang et. al., Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 89, No.5, pp.31093111, 2006. [3] K.W. Schwartz et al., J. Appl. Phys,.85 pp.120, 1999. [4] Nakaharai et, al., Appl. Phys. Lett, Vol 83, No. 17, pp.3515, 2003. [5] R. K. Singh et. al., Mater. Sci. Eng., B B3, 217 (1989). Extended Abstracts of the 2007 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials, Tsukuba, 2007, -290F-3-3 pp. 290-291


When the number of objects in the domain talked is large,or there are many condition attributes in knowledge representation system,it is necessary to reduce these attributes,but the calculation is so great.Using absorption law of Boolean algebra to solve distinguished function will greatly reduce demanded computing,as a result,attribute reduction will be made simpler.


The threat of terrorism is exacerbated by technology. It leads to a new term called Cyberterrorism. Apparently, this threat has not received appropriate space in the legal regulations in Indonesia. Therefore, this paper aims to strengthen legal action against cyberterrorism. This strengthening is obtained by assimilating Islamic law through the normative juridical method. The data are sourced from related news and updated journals. Researchers found that the assimilation of Islamic law products into positive law in Indonesia was in the form of Hirabah Punishment, Rebel Punishment, or Takzir. This idea is expected to be a consideration for policymakers in updating their laws so that they can reduce terrorism crimes, especially in cyberspace.


Ciphering algorithms play a main role in WLAN security systems. However, those algorithms consume a significant amount of computing resources such as CPU time, and packet size. In an attempt to remedy the WLAN security issue, a novel method has been deployed to secure the transmitted data over wireless network, called a secure WiFi (sWiFi) algorithm. This paper also provides evaluation of five encryption algorithms: AES (Rijndael), DES, 3DES, Blowfish, and the proposed algorithm (sWiFi). We examine a method for analyzing trade-off between efficiency and security. A comparison has been conducted for those encryption algorithms at different settings for each algorithm such as different sizes of data blocks, different platforms (Windows XP, Windows Vista and Linux) and different encryption/decryption speed.


High temperature gas cooled reactors are being designed to release a proportion of their fission products to the gas coolant (helium). The use of graphite as moderator in these reactors necessitates the control of gaseous impurities to minimize corrosion. Methods of removing both fission products and chemical impurities are reviewed. The purification plant designed for the Dragon reactor is used to illustrate this review. (auth)


The inaugural SANZMAG conference was held at the University of Sydney from 17 to 20 February 2014, and was aimed at drawing together local researchers interested in molecular magnetism in an informal workshop-style environment. This meeting was specifically aimed at researchers of honours to postdoctorate level, with leading magnetochemists from the regionandfurtherabroadinvitedtosharetheirknowledgeonthe basics of molecular magnetism. There are few such conferences available for non-experts in the field to attend, and with Australia and New Zealand having a historically strong reputation of excellence inthe broader field of molecular magnetism this was a unique opportunity for all attendees – even those well experienced in the field – to benefit from a refresher on the basics. This unique congress, instigated by Dr Tony D. Keene and Dr Jonathan Kitchen of the University of Southampton (owing to their strong associations within the region) showed that Australia and New Zealand are continuing to expand their interests in molecular magnetism and play a key role in advancing the field. It was fantastic to see 25 undergraduate and graduate students and postdoctoral fellows in attendance to carry on the tradition of molecular magnetism within Australia and New Zealand (Fig. 1). The first day of the 3 day workshop comprised general introductory lectures focussing on no pre-assumed knowledge – this is often hard to come by in this field which spans both Chemistry and Physics, and rapidly becomes very complicated. Dr Tony Keene, Dr Colette Boskovic, Professor Keith Murray and Dr Richard Mole presented an introduction to the various facets of molecular magnetism; myself and Professor Sally Brookerpresentedonspincrossover,andDrAlessandroSoncini presented on single molecular magnetism. With an overwhelming amount of fundamental information conveyed during the


impasse in which the teacher cannot teach and the students cannot learn. One teacher sums up her frustrations at a New York City school in this way: "My classes are devoted to trying to get the kids to open their notebooks, stay seated, stop talking, stop fighting. . . . The dynamics of the classroom situation are overwhelming; they must be studied and solved before anything can be taught and learned. For me the idea of trying to teach any normal academic curriculum is absurd at the moment."' Another describes teaching in a large Chicago upper-grade center/high school complex: "There's not a damn thing you can do except try to stay alive when you walk into that classroom. You do that by being tough as nails and hoping no one calls your bluff. ... I'm just giving you my philosophy on teaching in the ghetto. Take it or leave it."2 The classrooms described in these two examples are sadly common in inner-city schools, and no one seems to know quite what to do about them.


The evaluation of the outcome of CCK prostheses in primary TKA Between 2002 and 2008 we implanted 34 CCK knees in 31 patients. Mean age was 69 (58–79) 10 patients were operated because of valgus knee and lateral compartment arthritis, 8 because of post-traumatic ligamentous laxity and/or bone loss and the remaining patients presented with advanced OA and varus deformity exceeding 30 degrees. All patients were followed regularly with radiographs annually and there were assessed clinically with KSS and Womac score. The findings were compared with a group of patients with similar characteristics and a CR prosthesis. Mean follow-up was 3 years (6–1) There was no revision in this group neither was any radiological abnormality. Clinical outcome in terms of KSS and WOMAC score was excellent and comparable to the CR group. The main indication for a CCK prosthesis is the ligamentous insufficiency. There is enough evidence to support its superiority as a treatment option in valgus knees but long term performance is yet unclear. CCK prostheses are a reliable solution for unstable or imbalanced knees their long term behaviour though, is yet unclear


Ultrawide band gap materials have numerous potential applications in deep ultraviolet optoelectronics, as well as next-generation high-power and radio frequency electronics. Through the first-principles calculations based on density functional theory calculations, we demonstrate that the As2O3 bulk and monolayer structures have excellent energetic, mechanical, and thermal stabilities. The bulk and monolayer of As2O3 come in two distinct structures, namely st1-As2O3, and st2-As2O3. We show that the st1-As2O3 and st2-As2O3 monolayer and bilayer could be mechanically exfoliated from their bulk material and found that the cleavage energy values are significantly lower than those reported for similarly layered materials. By performing Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE) and Heyd–Scuseria–Ernzerhof (HSE06) band structure calculations, we found that the bulk and monolayers of As2O3 structures exhibit wide (PBE) and ultra-wide (HSE06) indirect band gaps. We further evaluate the As2O3 layered thickness-dependent band gaps and found that band gap decreases uniformly as the number of st1-As2O3 and st2-As2O3 layers increases. Our findings demonstrate the potential of the As2O3 structures for the future design of ultra-wide band gap semiconductor electronic devices.


According to economic index theory and consumers preference difference, this paper constructs changeable preference living cost index based on GFT direct utility function,works out and compares stratified CPI in seven income stratified classes in China's urban residents during 1996-2011,and the results show that there is relatively small difference between each stratified CPI before 2007,however,the difference is significantly enlarged after 2007,that the stratified CPI in the residents with low income is higher than the stratified CPI in the residents with high income,that overall index of CPI of urban residents approximately reflects the situation of living cost change in the stratified classes with "the income a little more than middle class ",however,other stratified residents usually have"distorted sentiment"to overall index of CPI,as a result,the representation of overall index of CPI in urban areas is reduced,thus,the composition of stratified CPI based on different income classes can not only reflect inflation pressure of each stratified class of the residents to keep the authority of CPI but also provide accurate information for governmental scientific decision-making.


We study a problem of scheduling precedence-constrained jobs on two pre-specified resources, in which a job may require either resource or both resources with the objective of minimizing the weighted completion time. We present two mathematical formulations of the problem: a dynamic programming (DP) model and a binary integer programming (BIP) model. Due to the strong NP-hardness of the problem, we restrict our analysis to series-parallel (s/p) graphs. We focus on reducing the state space in the DP model to obtain an optimal, or near optimal, solution. We compare, through a number of experiments with varying number of jobs, resource requirements, and topology of the precedence among the jobs, the performance of the DP and the BIP models relative to the quality of the final result and the time taken to reach a conclusion.


During acceleration by phase displacement the particle synchrotron motion is non linear around the exterior of the RF bucket. Simultaneous numerical evaluation of this motion for a large number of 'particles' allows calculation of relevant 'beam' statistical parameters which can be used to define the relative efficiency of the acceleration technique. This procedure has been used in a computer program which calculates the reduction in efficiency of acceleration by phase displacement in the presence of RF noise and when the bucket parameters vary during the RF sweep. The results show that the variation of ¿t with ¿p/p produces a significant increase in the momentum blow-up per accelerating sweep. It is also shown that RF noise (frequency modulation) causes particles to penetrate the bucket separatrix and become decelerated within the bucket. This results in a significant reduction in the efficiency of acceleration and greatly contributes to the intensity losses. Extensive experimental results have confirmed the computed results.


3D printing technology is being used in various fields such as medicine and biotechnology, and materials containing metal powder are being commercialized through recent material development. Therefore, this study intends to analyze the photon spectrum during added filtration using 3D printing material during diagnostic X-ray examination through simulation. Among the Monte Carlo techniques, MCNPX (ver. 2.5.0) was used. First, the appropriateness of the photon spectrum generated in the simulation was evaluated through SRS-78 and SpekCalc, which are X-ray spectrum generation programs in the diagnostic field. Second, photon spectrum the same thickness of Al and Cu filters were obtained for characterization of 3D printing materials containing metal powder. In addition, the total photon fluence and average energy according to changes in tube voltage were compared and analyzed. As a result, it was analyzed that PLA-Al required about 1.2 ~ 1.4 times the thickness of the existing Al filter, and PLA-Cu required about 1.4 ~ 1.7 times the thickness of the Cu filter to show the same degree of filtration. Based on this study in the future, it is judged that it can be utilized as basic data for manufacturing 3D printing additional filters in medical fields.


In this paper, a simulation model based on the non-stoichiometric equilibrium method via ASPEN Plus was established to analyze the gasification performance of 20 herbaceous and agricultural biomasses (H&ABs) linked with syngas fermentation and product purification units for ethanol production. The established simulation model does not consider the gasification system as a black box; it focuses the important processes in gasification such as drying, pyrolysis, gasification, and connection with bioethanol production plants. The results for the 20 H&AB options suggest that the specific mass flow rate of bioethanol from 1 kg of biomass input to the unit is in the range of 99–250 g/kg, and between them, the system fed by hazelnut shell biomass remarkably outranked other alternatives by 241 g/kg production due to the high beneficial results gained from the performance analysis. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis was performed by changing operating conditions such as gasification temperature and air-to-fuel ratio. The modeling results are given and discussed. The established model could be a useful approach to evaluate the impacts of a huge numbers of biomasses and operating parameters on bioethanol output.


Increased emphasis on energy efficiency and air quality have resulted in a number of state and federal initiatives examining the use of alternative fuels for motor vehicles. Texas' program for alternate fuels includes compressed natural gas (CNG). Based on an analysis of 30-year lifecycle costs, CNG is a cost-effective option for high-mileage taxi operations. High mileage is defined as at least 83,586 miles (134,573 km) for a fleet of 5 taxis, 35,769 miles (57,588 km) for a fleet of 25 taxis, and 30,193 miles (48,611 km) for a fleet of 50 taxis. The largest fleet (50) generates an Internal Rate of Return on investment of 30 percent; 22.5 percent is realized for the medium (25) fleet, and 11 percent for the small (5) fleet. Availability of original equipment manufacturer (OEM) dedicated natural gas vehicles is vital to the future success of CNG taxi operations. OEM vehicles offer important efficiency gains needed to justify the purchase of CNG vehicles.


The sound velocity in water aqueous solutions increases with increasing temperature and reaches the maximum velocity (Vp) at a peak temperature (Tp). In the present paper, the concentration dependence of Tp and Vp in ammonium halides are reported. It was found empirically that the relationship between the hydration number and the slope (ΔTp⁄μ of Tp at infinite dilution for many electrolytes is linear, but that for ammonium halides this is not the case.


With outstanding deep feature learning and nonlinear classification abilities, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) have been gradually applied to deal with various fault diagnosis tasks. Affected by variable working conditions and strong noises, the empirical datum always has different probability distributions, and then different data segments may have inconsistent contributions, so more attention should be assigned to the informative data segments. However, most of the CNN-based fault diagnosis methods still retain black-box characteristics, especially the lack of attention mechanisms and ignoring the special contributions of informative data segments. To address these problems, we propose a new intelligent fault diagnosis method comprised of an improved CNN model named Efficient Convolutional Neural Network (ECNN). The extensive view can cover the special characteristic periods, and the small view can locate the essential feature using Pyramidal Dilated Convolution (PDC). Consequently, the receptive field of the model can be greatly enlarged to capture the location information and excavate the remarkable informative data segments. Then, a novel residual network feature calibration and fusion (ResNet-FCF) block was designed, which uses local channel interactions and residual networks based on global channel interactions for weight-redistribution. Therefore, the corresponding channel weight is increased, which puts more attention on the information data segment. The ECNN model has achieved encouraging results in information extraction and feature channel allocation of the feature. Three experiments are used to test different diagnosis methods. The ECNN model achieves the highest average accuracy of fault diagnosis. The comparison results show that ECNN has strong domain adaptation ability, high stability, and superior diagnostic performance.


The methods of distinguishing from communication stations and their platforms using the rough set theory in the communication reconnaissance information fusion system are discussed, and some typical application examples are given and analyzed in detail. It gives out a beneficial reference to applying the rough set theory in data fusion.


Inverted papillomas of the nose and paranasal sinuses display pronounced tendency to recur, and their nondistinctive gross features require histological examinations to establish the diagnosis and to institute proper therapy. In the decade of 1956 through 1966, 29 cases of inverted papillomas were analyzed at the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Massachusetts General Hospital, 18 of which exhibited recurrennces. Of 22 papillomas treated conservatively (ie polypectomy or intranasal ethmoidectomy or both) 16 recurred, for a recurrence rate of 73%; one of seven patients treated with lateral rhinotomy had recurrence, and in an additional case the papilloma was nonresectable for a combined recurrence rate of 29%. Aggressive initial treatment in the form of lateral rhinotomy and removal of all accessible nasal mucosa is urged for this capricious pathological entity.


Auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation (APOLT) was initially explored for potentially reversible acute liver failure and noncirrhotic metabolic liver disease (NCMLD)(1, 2). The rationale for APOLT for acute liver failure is native liver regeneration facilitating discontinuation of immunosuppressive therapy(3). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


This paper presents a simple counterexample to the belief that international policy cooperation is desirable. It also explains circumstances under which such a counterexample is possible.


In this work, a study of the dyeing of polyamide fabrics after surface modification by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma treatment was performed. Physical and chemical properties of the textile substrate were characterized before and after plasmatic modification, showing important changes in water contact angle, hydrophility, chemical surface composition and morphology. Dyeing properties with direct dyes were evaluated by means of dyebath exhaustion, color strength and washing fastness tests, demonstrating that plasma treated fabrics can achieve excellent dye uptake, high rate of dyeing and good uniformity, good fastness levels, meaning a great challenge and opportunity for industrial application.


In the present work, the effects of 120 MeV Au ion irradiation at different fluences ranging from 1×10 to 3×10 ions/cm on structural and electrical properties of thin films of Nickel titanium (Ni-Ti) shape memory alloys (SMAs) grown on Si substrate using DC magnetron co-sputtering is studied. The surface morphology, crystallization and phase transformation behaviour of these films were investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Four-terminal resistivity measurement method. XRD pattern reveals that both the phases-martensite as well as austenite exist in the pristine film. Resistivity measurements revealed a two way transformation from cubic to rhombohedral and from rhombohedral to monoclinic phase in pristine film and decrease in its transformation temperature with increased fluence. At higher fluences 5×10 and 1×10 ions/cm, films showed nonmetallic behaviour which could be due to the disorder occurring in these films due to ion impact and precipitate formation. The elemental composition of pristine film is determined by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy. Copyright © 2017 VBRI Press.


Objective To investigate the pathogenesy and operation method in patients with ossification of thoracic ligamentum flavum.Methods The imaging and clinical data of 56 patients who underwent laminectomy combined with posterolateral fusion were studied retrospectively.The method of laminectomy included enbloc laminectomy and decomposed laminectomy.Postoperative outcomes were evaluated according to a recovery scale in terms of JOA score.Results The patients were followed up for 18-70 (25.00 ± 11.56) months.There were a total of 237 ossified segments in this series,57.4%(136/237)located in lower thoracic segments.According to the configuration of ossification on CT scans,lateral type occurred in 6 patients,diffuse type in 17 patients and thickened nodular type in 33 patients.All patients with lateral type and majority of patients with diffuse type were treated with enbloc laminectomy,and the rate of fineness of postoperative outcome was 83.3% (5/6),82.4% ( 14/17 ) respectively.Most of the patients with thickened nodular type were treated with decomposed laminectomy,and the rate of fineness of postoperative outcome was 78.8% (26/33).Four patients with thickened nodular type were performed with enbloc laminectomy,2 of them resulted in deteriorated myelopathy.Twenty-nine patients with thickened nodular type were performed with decomposed laminectomy,however,only 2 of them resulted in worse outcomes.Conclusions The pathogenesis of ossification of thoracic ligamentum flavum is mainly due to the localizedmechanical stress.Laminectomy combining with lateral fusion may be the ideal method for the treatment of this condition.Furthermore,enbloc laminectomy is suitable for the patients in lateral type and diffuse type according to the configuration of ossifications.For the thickened nodular type,decomposed laminectomy is favorable.

Key words:
Ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament;  Decompression,surgical;  Laminectomy;  Treatment outcome


Significance The design of active and selective catalysts is essential for a wide range of industrial applications and societal issues. A fundamental approach is to identify the key elementary steps and to elucidate the predicted reaction kinetics for potential reaction mechanisms. We present a methodology to analyze analytically the performance of catalytic reaction schemes by calculation of the maximum rates of the constituent steps. This proposed methodology can be used to identify the important transition states and adsorbed species, such that more detailed calculations can be carried out for these species, whereas more approximate methods can be used for the remaining species, thereby substantially reducing the computational time required to elucidate how catalyst performance is controlled by the fundamental surface chemistry. We show that the steady-state kinetics of a chemical reaction can be analyzed analytically in terms of proposed reaction schemes composed of series of steps with stoichiometric numbers equal to unity by calculating the maximum rates of the constituent steps, rmax,i, assuming that all of the remaining steps are quasi-equilibrated. Analytical expressions can be derived in terms of rmax,i to calculate degrees of rate control for each step to determine the extent to which each step controls the rate of the overall stoichiometric reaction. The values of rmax,i can be used to predict the rate of the overall stoichiometric reaction, making it possible to estimate the observed reaction kinetics. This approach can be used for catalytic reactions to identify transition states and adsorbed species that are important in controlling catalyst performance, such that detailed calculations using electronic structure calculations (e.g., density functional theory) can be carried out for these species, whereas more approximate methods (e.g., scaling relations) are used for the remaining species. This approach to assess the feasibility of proposed reaction schemes is exact for reaction schemes where the stoichiometric coefficients of the constituent steps are equal to unity and the most abundant adsorbed species are in quasi-equilibrium with the gas phase and can be used in an approximate manner to probe the performance of more general reaction schemes, followed by more detailed analyses using full microkinetic models to determine the surface coverages by adsorbed species and the degrees of rate control of the elementary steps.


Using Yangzhou City "sharing project" as an example,this paper expatiated "Sharing Project" basic outlets build,management,services practice,as well as the problems in running.


Abstract : A pilot plant operation for producing nickel hydroxide electrodes for use in satellite battery cells is described. Reproducibility, loading level dependence on process time, formation procedure and degree of plate swelling as a function of loading level are discussed. Analytical procedures for both electrode and impregnation solution are given. The process offers considerable savings in time over conventional processes with remarkable electrode reproducibility.


Originality/value
This chapter introduces an analytic technique to social entrepreneurship that effectively models changes in predictors and outcomes even when data are non-normal or nested across time or levels of analysis.


This paper aims at investigating the position and the function of pauses in spontaneous speech and during oral readings. Taking as a starting point Cruttenden's work (1986) and the framework of the French school of Discourse Analysis, we examine the hypothesis that, in addition to indicating the boundaries of intonational groups and of being part of the hesitation phenomenon, pauses are also material forms of the language, operating as sites of significance and identity.


AbstractAim:To determine whether extracellular or intravascular contrast agents could detect chronic scarred myocardium in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods:Eighteen pigs underwent a 4 week ligation of 1 or 2 diagonal coronary arteries to induce chronic myocardial infarction. The hearts were then removed and perfused in a Langendorff apparatus. Eighteen hearts were divided into 2 groups. The hearts in groups I (n=9) and II (n=9) received the bolus injection of Gadolinium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA, 0.05 mmol/kg) and gadolinium-based macromolecular agent (P792, 15 μmol/kg), respectively. First pass T2* MRI was acquired using a FLASH sequence. Delayed enhancement T1 MRI was acquired with an inversion recovery prepared TurboFLASH sequence.Results:Wash-in of both agents resulted in a sharp and dramatic T2* signal loss of scarred myocardium similar to that of normal myocardium. The magnitude and velocity of T2* signal recovery caused by wash-out of extracellular agents in normal myocardium was significantly less than that in scarred myocardium. Conversely, the T2* signal of scarred and normal myocardium recovered to plateau rapidly and simultaneously due to wash-out of intravascular agents. At the following equilibrium, extracellular agent-enhanced T1 signal intensity was significantly greater in scarred myocardium than in normal myocardium, whereas there was no significantly statistical difference in intravascular agent-enhanced T1 signal intensity between scarred and normal myocardium.Conclusion:After administration of extracellular agents, wash-out T2* first-pass and delayed enhanced T1 MRI could identify scarred myocardium as a hyperenhanced region. Conversely, scarred myocardium was indistinguishable from normal myocardium during first-pass and the steady state of intravascular agents.


The paper investigates the static characteristics of a "flapper-and-nozzle" sensor. The relations proposed contribute to greater validity in the determination of the output informational signal within the range of sensor bedding.


Nonlinear media that support envelope solitons are known to exhibit modulation instability; the modulation depth of an amplitude modulated carrier increases spontaneously and it breaks up into isolated pulses. This paper presents a simple coupled mode approach that shows the transfer of power from the carrier to the sidebands, and clearly brings out the roles played by dispersion and nonlinearity. Using this approach it is shown that line acoustic waves should exhibit this instability; the growth rate of the instability is large enough that an experimental demonstration seems feasible.


Abstract Estrogens play important role in the placenta throughout the gestation. Human placenta (PL) expresses high levels of ERRγ type 1 isoform as well as Aromatase (Aro).ERRγ1has also be described as possibly implicated in the regulation of theenergy metabolism in PL, however its physiological role is not yet clear.Aro is the key enzyme for estrogen biosynthesis from androgens and in human placenta is expressed exclusively in syncytiotrophoblast. It has been described that ERRγ serves as an oxygen-responsive transcription factor that regulates Aro gene expression in PL.We have previously described splicing variants of AromRNA(1-2). Our aim was to analyze ERRγ1 mRNA expression and Aro mRNA active variant expression in PL from term LGA and preterm (PT) (<35 weeks) compared to term adequate for gestational age (AGA) newborns. We propose that ERRγ1 expression in PL is involved in aromatase activity regulation and hence intrauterine estrogen-androgen balance. Total RNA was isolated from PL of PT (GA: 30-35 weeks,n=4), LGA (GA: 39-41 w,n=8) and two subgroups of AGA: AGA1 (GA: 37-38 w,n=8) and AGA2 (39-40 w, n=10). ERRγ1 mRNA and Aro mRNA variants were analyzed by Real-time RT-PCR with primers for total (TotAro, Ex2-Ex3), and active (ActAro, Ex9-Ex10)Aro. Cyclophilin (PPIA) was used as housekeeping gene. Statistics (Student test) were performed on ΔCt data. ERRγ1 mRNA was higher in LGA vs AGA2 (GA:39-40w), 8.66 ± 2.57 vs 2.84 ± 0.61 AU,mean ± SE, p<0.05. While not significant difference was found in ERRγ1 mRNA from PT compare to AGA1 (GA:37-38w), 1.13 ± 0.26 vs 1.11 ± 0.25 AU,mean ± SE.Total Aro was higher in PT vs AGA (8.91±3.35 vs 1.74±0.41AU,mean ± SE),while was lower in LGA vs AGA (0.81±0.36 vs 2.29±0.68), p<0.05. Analysis of Active transcript variant related to total Aro showed that ActAro/TotAro ratio was higher in PT (2.26±0.26 vs AGA: 0.70±0.23) and in LGA (2.42±0.31 vs AGA: 1.47 ± 0.28), p<0.05. We have found a higher expression of ERRγ1 as well as ActAro/TotAro ratio in PL from LGA compare to AGA2. On the other hand, in PT no significant difference in ERRγ1 expression compare to AGA1 was found, although there is a significant higher TotAro mRNA expression and ActAro/TotAro ratio. These results suggest that ERRγ1 is involved in the regulation of Active Aro variant expression in PL from LGA newborns but it would not be involved in PT. Taken together these results it could be suggested that the interplay between ERRγ1 and estrogen production in human PL might be involved in the regulation of fetal programming in LGA newborns. (1) Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2007;67(5):698-705 (2)HormResPaediatr. 2015;84(4):275-82


Plants play a vital role in our daily life. Plants are a great source of medicine for many diseases. Due to their fewer chances of side effects on human body and also better compatibility with humans, using plant for treating diseases is considered to be safer. Other items like paper, bio-diesel are also obtained by using plant material. Hence identification of plants is a very important task helpful for various areas such as Agriculture, Ayurveda, Botanical research, Biological research, etc. Leaf based features can be used for appropriate results than other parts of the plant in the plant identification. Manual leaf identification is very difficult and time consuming task. To implement automatic leaf identification, classification techniques like Naive Bayes classification, Neural Network, etc can be used. To get the leaf based features, image processing techniques are applied on the image of leaf. After leaf based feature extraction, a plant's leaf is classified based on the leaf features. The main objective of this paper is to present a survey of different classification methods for plant leaf identification. At the end, this paper concludes better classification method with more accuracy when compared to other classification methods.


The paper proposes a structural model of an automated system to maintain a microclimate in a biotechnological air purification filter, which will allow to create an intelligent installation. The device is planned to be placed outdoors in a zone of sharply continental climate, taking into account temperature variations from +40 °C in summer to -40 °C in winter. A unique programmable logic controller with a description of the structure of the input/output data bus controller, the control system for the connected devices and data transfer to the cloud microservice platform for data processing and storage, as well as remote operation of the controller is developed. The hardware structure of the basic module of the universal programmable logic controller is described, as well as the circuit diagram of the central processor connection. The article describes the circuit diagram of the input-output channel and the interface block. Combined models of to predict the level of air pollution in an intelligent air purification system have been developed. The models achieve high accuracy for short-term and medium-term forecasting. The models and can be used in the construction of an intelligent system for air purification and environmental monitoring including hardware and software complexes for environmental monitoring.


The competitive electrodeposition of the monolayer of surface oxide on Pt electrodes is studied in the presence of co-adsorbed halide ions (X–= Cl–, Br–, I–), down to very low concentrations. These experiments give information essential to the understanding of the state of the surface of Pt anodes at which halogen evolution is occurring from aqueous halide ion solutions and hence provide a basis for interpretation of the kinetics of, and electrocatalysis in, anodic evolution of halogens, especially Cl2. The isotherms for competitive electrochemical adsorption of OH and O species in the surface oxide film, relative to that of X– ions, are evaluated quantitatively.Cl– selectively blocks the initially deposited OH monolayer at Pt while Br– and I– block the formation of the surface oxide non-selectively over a wide potential range, indicating a difference of the state of charge ('electrosorption valency') of adsorbed Br– and I–, in relation to that of adsorbed Cl–. This is confirmed by the forms of the competitive adsorption isotherms: Cl– gives linear-logarithmic behaviour in [Cl–], indicating strong lateral interactions, while Br– and I– effects conform more to Langmuir behaviour.A method for quantitatively treating the competitive adsorption, giving information on lateral interaction effects in the surface oxide film with co-adsorbed X– ions, is given in terms of a 'differentiated' adsorption isotherm function.


A composite fiber containing a phase change material is provided to show a phase change pick-up rate and a uniform kneadability, and to use sports wear or military supplies under stringent condition by having temperature response ability and an excellent wash resistance. A cis component part and a core component part are made in a ratio of 30/70 - 70/30 weight%. Relatively the low viscosity of phase change material is directly injected into a substrate polymer of the core component part. A composite fiber contains phase change material radiates and is manufactured by using facility for installing a static mixer inside a polymer conduit of the core component part for a uniform kneading between the low viscosity of phase change materials and a substrate polymer. A melt flow index of a viscosity of the substrate polymer forming the core component part is 10 - 20 (g/10min, and temperature of 230deg.C).


This work, in two parts, proposes a theoretical formulation (Part 1) and its finite element implementation (Part 2) for an adaptive sandwich shell of revolution that uses the transverse shear response of a piezoelectric core sandwiched between two elastic faces. For this, the former is assumed initially poled along the meridian but subjected to electric potentials on its fully electroded inner and outer surfaces. The model assumes the first-order shear deformation theory for each layer and enforces the displacement continuity conditions at the core to faces interfaces. Besides, the sandwich theory retains the shell transverse deflection together with the mean and relative tangential displacements and bending rotations of the elastic faces as mechanical independent variables. These are augmented by the electric potential in the piezoelectric core, in order to effectively consider the electromechanical coupling. Implementation and validation of the theoretical formulation developed in this part are presented in Part 2 of the paper.


of the Act, and the annual reports by the inspectors under the Act, are to be had for a few pence from Eyre and Spottiswoode, East Harding Street, Fleet .Street, E.C. Let us suppose that a man wishes to inoculate some animals in the hope of helping to find the bacillus of measles. He applies to the Home Office, and receives two blank forms : one for a License, the other for Certificate A. These he must fill up with


Audio signal processing can be integrated with music domain in-order to retrieve contents within the music signal. Raga is often related to melodic framework in Indian classical music. Automatic Raga identification can be achieved through audio signal processing and Raga identification can be used for different applications including music signal synthesis, audio dataset management and music therapy. Classical methods for Raga analysis in time and frequency domain are less efficient and these algorithms are quite time consuming. The overall accuracy of Raga classification can be increased by incorporating artificial neural networks. In this paper, pitch contour of selected Ragas in Carnatic music are used as key features and model implementation is done using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN).


In insurance, the distribution function to simulate the claim amount, which not only has continuously increasing part, but also has countable discrete and positive jumped part. In this instance, we describe the risk by the mixture distribution. This paper considers distribution function and numeral character of the mixture random variable.


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Introduction There are insignificant observations and few research studies that indicate the action of Helicobacter pylori in the induction of extra-gastrointestinal tract diseases, which include autoimmune, skin, and vascular diseases, and also some pulmonary diseases. Moreover, it has been documented that the incidence of chronic bronchitis may be elevated in patients who experienced H. pylori infection. Aim To assess infection with H. pylori in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and in control persons and also to determine the association between serology level of H. pylori and spirometry parameters in patients experiencing COPD. Results A total of 100 individuals experiencing COPD and 100 age-matched and sex-matched controls were included. The mean age in patients with COPD was 63.3 ± 8.4, whereas in controls was 60.8 ± 8.8. All participants of the current study underwent ELISA and immunoglobulin G (IgG) serology examination for H. pylori. The percentage of anti-H. pylori IgG seropositivity in patients with COPD was 78%, whereas in controls was 55% (P < 0.001). Moreover, patients experiencing COPD had a statistically highly significant elevated mean serum concentration of anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies. The mean level of anti-H. pylori IgG in patients with COPD was 120.5 ± 22.5 U/ml, whereas in the control group was 62.3 ± 11.6 U/ml (P<0.001). There was a highly significant reduction in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in H. pylori-positive patients with COPD than in H. pylori-negative patients with COPD. Mean FEV1 in patients with H. pylori-positive COPD was 49.56 ± 12.16, whereas in patients with H. pylori-negative COPD was 88.09 ± 2.24 (P < 0.001). There was also a statistically highly significant negative correlation between FEV1 value and serum concentration of anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies (P < 0.001). Conclusion The parameters indicate that there is a correlation between H. pylori infection and COPD.