In this work, we present a robust gate drive power delivery approach well-suited for converter topologies, such as the flying-capacitor multi-level (FCML) converter, that contain several series-connected switching elements. The proposed power delivery network leverages internal voltages inherent to the FCML topology in combination with a charge-pump mechanism to provide gate drive power with high efficiency. The charge-pump design operates independently of the primary switching devices, allowing the converter to operate at very low duty ratios without suffering from significant degradation of the floating supplies. The concept is validated in a hardware prototype, demonstrating an estimated 38% reduction in gate drive power delivery losses compared to competing techniques. Moreover, the robustness of the technique is validated through incorporation into a 400V, 2kW 6-level FCML DC-DC converter, achieving a 99.07% peak conversion efficiency and 2.05kW/in3 power density.


A suite of bandwidth efficient image codecs are presented for the use in second-generation wireless systems, such as the American IS-54 and IS-95 systems, the Pan-European GSM system and the Japanese digital cellular system. The proposed codecs are configured to operate at 9.6K bits per second and are suitable for Quarter Common Intermediate Format videophone sequences, scanned at 10 frames per second. The new image codecs employ the orthonormal wavelet transform to decompose the displaced frame difference data for each frame, into four frequency subbands. The wavelet coefficients within the frequency subbands are then encoded using vector quantization. Comparison measures are undertaken for the two-stage pairwise nearest neighbor (PNN) algorithm and the designs are rated upon their ability to coherently reconstruct an efficient codebook from a training sequence of vector coefficients. It was found that the two- stage PNN algorithm constitutes a valuable compromise in terms of computational complexity with only negligible performance loss. When the codecs were configured to operate at 9.6Kpbs, the average peak signal to noise ratio of the two stage PNN and the adaptive algorithms were in excess of 28kB and 30dB respectively.


FABLES TEST: STUDY IN PSYCHOSOMATIC This research renovates previous works about the validity of the Fables Test (TF). Its originality lies on investigating indicators of somatization (IS) that are a new problem about TF. These indicators were studied in a group of 47 children, aged 4 to 14 years (16 with asthma, 21 with cancer, 10 healthy). Descriptive statistics and association tests were used. Fables of the Bird and the Elephant, whose stories provide an allusion to the body, appeared as highly sensitive to these indicators. The somatization analysis in contrasted groups suggests the validity of the TF. The study contributes to psychosomatic evidence-based knowledge. Despite the promising empirical evidence, there is a need for larger controlled studies with other groups of chronic disease.


API Standard 610, "Centrifugal Pumps for Petroleum, Heavy Duty Chemical and Gas Industry Services," has been revised from the Eighth Edition to the Ninth Edition and developed into an International Standard, ISO 13709. The process of how the standard was changed, the participants involved, and the schedule for the new document is covered. The change in format is discussed to provide the user information on where certain information is now located. The authors discuss specific major changes in the design section covering issues such as working pressure, vibration, and baseplates. The user is provided with information regarding API 610 Eighth Edition requirements and what the new Ninth Edition 177 API 610 NINTH EDITION HIGHLIGHTS


Aim: to identify the support network to teenage fathers through the Minimum Map of Relationships, which consists of a registering of personal social network, in which included all the individuals interacting with it. Method: study of qualitative, exploratory and descriptive approach, a clip from the data of the multicenter research Social Networks of Support to Teenage Parenthood. It was developed with teenage parents in the period June 2009 to June 2010, six months after the birth of (a) child (a). Result: it was possible to observe that there were weaknesses in the social support network, as the family constituted the main source of support of the teenage father. Conclusions: it is important that the teenage father can count on a diversified net of support, including family, friends and health services so that the paternity can be lived in the healthiest way possible.


We developed a simple and convenient method to assemble biaryls exploiting a photoredox catalyst and visible light. Diazonium salts generate aryl radicals that could then add on unactivated (hetero)arenes and the sequence eventually delivers products via formal homolytic aromatic substitutions. The direct C–H arylation of these usually unreactive substrates is achieved at room temperature using low catalyst loadings and shows broad functional group tolerance.


Part I. Forming the Sex Industries: 1. Marking danger: prostitution and pornography before 1945 2. A new moral economy? the immediate post war years 1945-55 Part II. The Sexual Revolution: 3. The sexual revolution and pornography 1955-69 4. Revolutionary limits: governing prostitution 1955-69 5. Libertarian movements 1970-5 Part III. After the Revolution: 6. New sexual politics 1975-85 7. Current issues.


Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) of the named nerves of the head has been shown to be effective in reducing pain levels in patients with chronic pain refractory to other treatments. However, the impact of cranial PNS on depression and disability has not been well documented.


Preface xi Chapter 1: Technology and the Problem of Human Knowledge 1 Chapter 2: The Industrial Enlightenment: The Taproot of Economic Progress 28 Chapter 3: the Industrial Revolution and Beyond 78 Chapter 4: Technology and the Factory System 119 Chapter 5: Knowledge, Health, and th Household 163 Chapter 6: the Political Economy of Knowledge: Innovation and Resistance in Economic History 218 Chapter 7: Institutions, Knowledge, and Economic Growth 284 References 299 Index 339


Research on the assessment of cinnamon productivity based on land suitability in Upper DAS Mangau area was carried out. The objective of the study was to assess the productivity of cinnamon in Upper Mangau watershed of Kecamatan Malalak based on land suitability. The land suitability determination was done by quantitative method using Storie and Square Root formula. The method is a parametric approach to evaluate land characteristics performence by rating them with numerical numerals from 0 (minimum) to 100 (maximum). Soils were sampled with stratified random sampling based on the extent at land, one sample for every 250 ha, two samples for 250-500 ha and three samples for 500 ha. Four land suitability classes for cinnamon plant are found, which are classified as very suitable class (S1) cover an area of 369 ha, suitable (S2) cover an area of 326 ha, suitable (S3) with an area of 1,098 ha and not suitable (N) with an area of 514 ha. The highest productivity of land in Upper Mangu Watershed area is found in west Malalak with cinnamon bark production, that is 9.8 tons/ha with the land suitability class (S1) has the land index 77.91 and 9.4 tons/ha found in north Malalak the land suitability classified as S2 with a land index value of 67.72. while the S3 contained in each village in Malalak district.

Keywords: Evaluation of Land Suitability, Productivity, Cinnamon Plant


Premature sign off audit procedures is a condition where the auditor stops one or more audit steps required in the audit procedure without replacing other steps. This study aims to examine how the effect of time pressure, professional commitment, and locus of control on premature termination of audit procedures. The population in this study is a public accounting firm in Bali Province. This type of research is quantitative and the sampling technique used is purposive sampling method, so that the sample obtained is as many as 40 auditors.
The analytical method used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis. The hypothesis was tested using the t-test with a significance level of 5%. Based on the results of the simultaneous analysis test, time pressure, professional commitment, and locus of control have a significant effect on premature termination of audit procedures, and partially time pressure, professional commitment, and locus of control have a positive and significant effect on premature termination of audit procedures.


ABSTRACT Obtaining a neurophysiology of language production is a complex endeavour which, at present, is in its "infancy". It will require the integration of long-standing psycholinguistic models and phenomena with the anatomical and dynamical constraints of neural coding. In our target article [Strijkers, K., & Costa, A. (2016). The cortical dynamics of speaking: Present shortcomings and future avenues. Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, 1–20. doi:10.1080/23273798.2015.1120878; henceforth S&C], we hypothesized that one promising way of doing so is by perceiving words as cortical assemblies in a proactive brain. Conceptualizing word production as such means that some of the traditional assumptions underlying psycholinguistic models will need to be re-assessed (or at least extended) in light of this novel perspective. However, it does not mean that it is the only conceivable way to integrate language and the brain nor that neuroscience should be prioritized over psycholinguistics. Rather, its importance lies in making the linking hypothesizes between linguistic function and neural code explicit so that we can empirically test the integration of both domains. Likely, some of the linking hypotheses proposed in S&C may be proven wrong, but more importantly, others may prove to be an advance in the right direction towards a mechanistic framework of the cortical dynamics of speaking.


Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a distinct subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) characterized by the specifi c chromosomal translocation t(15;17)(q22;q21), producing the PML – retinoic acid receptor α (RAR α ) fusion gene which contributes to APL pathogenesis and mediates the therapeutic response to all- trans retinoic acid (ATRA). Due to the diff erent PML breakpoints, three major PML – RAR α isoforms that cause diff erent clinical manifestations and therapeutic responses have been identifi ed: long or bcr1 (intron 6 PML), variant or bcr2 (exon 6 PML) and short or bcr3 (intron 3 PML) [1,2]. In addition to these isoforms, atypical PML – RAR α transcripts in patients with t(15;17) positive APL have been reported; these atypical transcripts may be undetected at diagnosis, and their clinical features and biological signifi cance remain unclear. Previous studies of atypical PML – RAR α variants have demonstrated that rare PML breakpoints downstream of intron 6 are potentially associated with an aggressive course of disease and adverse prognosis [3 – 5]. In this study, we report a novel PML – RAR α variant with insertion of PML exon 7c in a patient with APL with good clinical outcome.


This study was assessed utilization of health information technology in provision of maternal and child health care among nurses in the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar. The research design employed for the study was descriptive survey design. The sample of one hundred and ninety-six (196) registered nurses/midwives from the population of nurses providing maternal and child healthcare in maternity ward, children's ward, pediatric ward, labour ward, antenatal clinic and postnatal clinic at UCTH, Calabar using simple random sampling technique. The instrument of data collection was a validated structured questionnaire. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistic, charts, frequencies tables and percentages. The findings of the study revealed that majority (87.2%) of nurses working in UCTH, Calabar use paper based routine health information system. The factors inhibiting utilization of health information technology among nurses to deliver maternal and child healthcare in UCTH, Calabar include: inadequate knowledge of informatics, lack of comprehensive training of nurses on ICT utilization, unavailability of health information technology tools, lack of constant power supply Based on the findings of the study the it was recommended that health policy makers, hospital managements and nurse leaders should ensure that electronic health information technology are utilized in healthcare service at UCTH, Calabar.


Methacrylate and ethylenediamine used as raw materials,a series of polyamidoamine (PAMAM)dendrimers from 0.5 to 3.5 generation were prepared,with an ethylenediamine core by repetitive Michael addition and amidation.By increasing the reaction temperature to speed up the reaction rate,the rapid synthesis of the PAMAM dendrimer was achieved.Moisturizing properties of a whole generation dendrimer and the detergency properties of a semi-generation dendrimer were tested.The infrared characterization of the rapid synthesized products and that of the products synthesized in lowtemperature were compared.


The Nigeran economy is characterized by high level of public debt concurrently with persistent low economic growth. Thus, an understanding of the dynamic interation between public debt and economic growth is crucial. To this end, the current study investigate the relationship between public debt and economic growth in Nigeria between 1981 and 2014, using Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and Granger Causality test as estimation techniques. The study extends the literature and trace a long-run equilibrium relationship between public debt and economic growth while the VECM results reveals a very slow 0.30% convergence speed toward their long-run equilibrium path with the contribution of external debt and domestic debt, The study shows a higher impact of domestic debt to external debt, implying Nigeria borrows more within from multi-national and internal financial institutions relative to foreign institutions like IMF and the world Bank. Results of the Granger causality shows an unidirectional causalty running from both domestic and external debt to real gross domestic product per capita. Given the findings emanating from the study, the following recommendations was offered first, the encouragement of domestic saving. Second, borrowed funds should be adequately plouged into viable and produtive investments with good payback that foster growth and economic development in the long-run


Objective
To develop a noninvasive and quick method of distinguishing neuroblastoma and gangliocytoma so as to guide their therapeutics.

Methods
From May 2010 to December 2013, preoperative serum samples were collected from 47 patients with primary neuroblastoma and 24 patients with primary gangliocytoma. Differential serum proteins were detected by laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectroscopy proteomic technique. High performance liquid chromatography and two dimensions-liquid chromatography-linear trap quadrupole-mass spectrometer techniques were employed.

Results
The peak value of differential proteins was 9 569.4 D. And the protein of 9 569.4 D was verified as serum amyloid A2.

Conclusions
Proteomic technology has identified the differential protein of neuroblastoma and gangliocytoma as amyloid protein A2. And the results shall provide rationales for further clinical applications.

Key words:
Neuroblastoma; Ganglioneuroma; Serum amyloid A protein


A generic one-parameter family of billiards discovered and introduced by Robnik (1983) is used to study the spectral properties of corresponding quantum systems. When the parameter is varied a smooth transition from an integrable system over a typical KAM system to an almost ergodic system can be observed. The authors calculate up to 7600 lowest reliable energy levels. A detailed analysis of the numerical data shows significant deviation from the semiclassical Berry-Robnik formulae for the nearest-neighbour level spacing distribution P(S) except for large level spacings, S>1, which can only be explained by a very slow convergence towards the semiclassical regime where these formulae are predicted to be correct. At small S the power-law level repulsion is clearly observed and a fit by the phenomenological formula by Izrailev (1988,1989) is statistically significant.


By introduction of connections of metals in a cellulose matrix with the subsequent additional thermal processing carbon materials representing sorbents which can be used as carriers of catalysts are received. Studying of the processes occurring to cellulose-inorganic materials at their thermal processing, promotes development of methods of the directed synthesis of carbon composites with the set properties.


Melons from different areas in Ningxia showed big difference in growth and quality because of different climate in those areas.The result showed that Melon from Hongsibu and Zhongwei,which both lie in the middle arid area of Ningxia,presented greater potential in yield and quality than other areas in Ningxia because of comparatively longger sunshine hour and stronger light and higher temperature difference between day and night in these two areas.


Simple Ultra-Microtechniques for Genetic Complementation Analysis and Early Prenatal Diagnosis of Sphingolipidoses.- Storage and Excretion of Oligosaccharides and Glycopeptides in the Gangliosidoses.- Glycoprotein Catabolism in Brain Tissue in the Lysosomal Enzyme Deficiency Diseases.- Bruno Berra Component Forms of Acid Hydrolases in Subcellular Granules from Human Leucocytes.- Fetal Pathology and Ultrastructure of Neuropathic Gaucher's Disease.- Recent Observations on Gaucher's Disease.- Studies on the Pathogenesis of Krabbe's Leukodystrophy: Cellular Reaction of the Brain to Exogenous Galactosylsphingosine, Monogalactosyl Diglyceride and Lactosylceramide.- Chemical Pathology of Krabbe Disease: The Occurrence of Psychosine and Other Neutral Sphingoglycolipids.- Glycolipid Metabolism in the Canine Form of Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy.- Fucosidosis: Clinical, Pathologic and Biochemical Studies of Five Patients.- Variability of Expressivity of ?-Fucosidase Deficiency.- Fucosidosis.- Alpha-L-Fucosidase in Normal and Deficient Individuals.- Studies in Metachromatic Leukodystrophy. XIII. Purification of Sulfatase A from Normal Human Liver.- p.Nitrocatechol Sulfate for Arylsulfatase Assay: Detection of Metachromatic Leukodystrophy Variants.- Arylsulfatases A and B in Metachromatic Leukodystrophy and Maroteaux-Lamy Syndrome: Studies with 4-Methylumbelliferyl Sulfate.- Iduronate Sulfatase Determination for the Diagnosis of the Hunter Syndrome and the Detection of the Carrier State.- The Enzymic Defects in Morquio and Maroteaux-Lamy Syndrome.- Mannosidosis: Studies of the ?-D-Mannosidase Isozymes in Health and Disease.- Mannosidosis: Storage Material, ?-Mannosidase Specificity and Diagnostic Methods.- Hexosaminidases: Multiple Component Enzymes.- Purification and Partial Characterization of ?-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase from Porcine Liver.- Identification of Tay-Sachs Genotypes by Hexosaminidase Analysis of Urine and Tear Samples.- Sphingomyelinases and the Genetic Defects in Niemann-Pick Disease.- Adrenoleukodystrophy: A Clinical Pathological and Biochemical Study.- Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Lipidosis: A New Nosological Entity.- The Biochemical Defect in Farber's Disease.- Ultrastructure and Peroxidase of Leucocytes in Five Patients with Juvenile Form of Ceroid Lipofuscinoses.- Ultrastructure and Biochemical Studies of Rat CNS and Viscera After Subcutaneous Injection of Chlorphentermine.- Chemical Models and Chemotherapy in the Sphingolipidoses.- Chemical Induction of Lysosomal Storage.- Glycolipids in Cultured Fetal Tay-Sachs Disease Cerebellar Cells.- The Correction, In Vitro, of Lysosomal Enzyme Deficiencies by Means of Immunoglobulin-Coated Liposomes.- Enzyme Replacement Therapy for the Sphingolipidoses.- High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Glycosphingolipids and Phospholipids.- Brain Glycoproteins and Recognition Functions: Recognins and Cancer.- Lipids and Slow Viruses: Comparison of Measles and SSPE Virions.- Conference Summary.- Contributors and Participants.


The word "misappropriation" has two possible functions in intellectual property law, and I shall explore both, though briefly. First, it is the name of a doctrine, of uncertain but diminished scope, growing out of the old INS case. Second, it is a candidate to be the overarching principle that would rationalize intellectual property law as a whole and provide guidance for altering, perhaps expanding, the scope of that law. I shall argue that neither function is worthwhile and that the term and the doctrine can be jettisoned, so far as intellectual property is concerned at any rate, without loss, and should be. If the doctrine is to be retained, however, more attention should be paid to the issues of institutional design that it raises, and I discuss these very briefly in the last part of the paper.


Preface About the Authors List of Tables and Features 1. Governance in a Democracy What is Governance?Complications of Governance ResearchPurposes of this BookLimits to GovernanceA CaveatNotes 2. A Logic for Governance Research Challenges for Governance ResearchThe Logic of Market GovernancePublic-Sector Governance: An Institutional ViewLevels of GovernanceNotes 3. Institutional Governance Legal IdealismPolitical EconomyThe New InstitutionalismNotes 4. Organizational and Technical Governance The Organizational (Managerial) LevelThe Technical (Primary Work) LevelNotes 5. Designing Research: Applying a Logic of Governance Questions and IssuesA Reduced-Form ModelSummaryNotes 6. Designing Reseach: Models, Methods, and Data Identifying a Literature of GovernanceCritiquing a Literature of GovernanceSummaryNotes 7. Governance Research: Scholarly Applications Governance Research in Three Policy DomainsMore Extensive Reviews of Individual Governance StudiesConlcuding CommentNotes 8. Governance: Research and Practice The Nature of ResearchThe Nature of PracticeEnlightening Practice: Utilizing a LogicEnlightening Practice: ProspectsConclusionNotes References Names Index Subject Index


Groups of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), first fed in mid-February 1989, were reared under continuous light (LL) at 12–15 °C until late June. One group remained on LL, while the FEB, MAR, and MAY groups were subjected to segments of a simulated naturally increasing photoperiod (61°N), with initial daylength corresponding to February 1, March 15, and May 1, respectively. The MAR and FEB groups developed important smolt characters (increase in gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity, hypoosmoregulatory ability, and salinity tolerance) during the experiment whereas LL and MAY groups showed only incomplete changes in smolt status. The combination of continuous light during first feeding and early parr stages with a subsequent reduction to short daylength followed by a segment of simulated natural photoperiod allow important parts of the parr–smolt transformation to be completed. The period of exposure to short photoperiod is critical for the synchronization of smolt characters in underyearling Atlantic salmon.


The present invention provides a semiconductor device marking apparatus comprising a package loader, on which a plurality of semiconductor device packages are loaded, a package provider, which provides the semiconductor device packages one by one from the package loader, a transfer rail, which transfers the semiconductor device packages provided by the package provider, a marker, which marks an alphanumeric code on the front surfaces of the semiconductor device packages transferred by the transfer rail, a rotating stopper comprising a stop plate and a package control shaft, and a package unloader, on which the semiconductor device packages passing through the rotating stopper are loaded. Further, the present invention provides a rotating stopper for temporarily stopping semiconductor device packages to be transferred along a transfer rail, the rotating stopper comprising a stop plate and a package control shaft. The present invention advantageously prevents problems such as the replacement of worn-out parts and improves the efficiency of the semiconductor device marking process.


Abstract. In the present paper we derive the distribution of single order statistics, jointdistribution of two order statistics and the distribution of product and quotient of two or-der statistics when the independent random variables are from continuous Kumaraswamydistribution. In particular the distribution of product and quotient of extreme order statis-tics and consecutive order statistics have also been obtained. The method used is basedon Mellin transform and its inverse. 1. IntroductionIf the random variables X 1 ,X 2 ,···X n are arranged in ascending order of mag-nitudes and then written as X (1) ≤ X (2) ≤ ··· ≤ X (n) Then X (i) is called the i t h order statistics i = 1,··· ,n. The unordered randomvariables X i are usually statistically independent and identically distributed butthe ordered random variables X (i) ,i = 1,2,··· ,n are necessarily dependent. Thedistribution of product and quotient of random variables finds an important placein the literature and much work is done when the random variables are independent.However Subramaniam [9] has derived the distribution of the product and quotientof order statistics from a uniform distribution and negative exponential distributionrespectively. Further Trudel and Malik [6] have derived the distribution of productand ratio of order statistics from Pareto, power and Weibull distributions.Order statistics play an important supporting role in the multiple comparisonsand multiple decision procedures such as the distribution of extreme order statisticsX


We developed MSIsensor-pro (https://github.com/xjtu-omics/msisensor-pro), an open-source single sample microsatellite instability (MSI) scoring method for research and clinical applications. MSIsensor-pro introduces a multinomial distribution model to quantify polymerase slippages for each tumor sample and a discriminative sites selection method to enable MSI detection without matched normal samples. For samples of various sequencing depths and tumor purities, MSIsensor-pro significantly outperformed the current leading methods in terms of both accuracy and computational cost.


Optical generation and detection of ultrasound is a promising alternative to piezoelectricity for high frequency arrays. We have used the thermoelastic effect to produce high frequency, broadband ultrasound in water. A pulsed diode laser, followed by an erbium doped fiber amplifier, is focused onto a light absorbing film deposited on a transparent substrate. Conversion efficiency was improved by 18 dB using a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) film instead of a more commonly used metallic one. Radiation pattern measurements with an 85 MHz spherically focused transducer show that our array element is 20 /spl mu/m in diameter. Measurements using our optoacoustic detector show the drawback of a glass substrate, where leaky Rayleigh waves launched from the PDMS/glass interface degrade the radiated field. Replacing the glass with a clear PDMS substrate produces a broad and smooth radiation pattern suitable for a 75 MHz array. Our work in optoacoustic detection has relied on interferometric techniques. We have previously shown a 2-D synthetic receive array producing images at 10-50 MHz with near optimal resolution and wide fields of view. We are currently exploring a more sensitive technique where the incident ultrasound modulates the thickness of an etalon. Preliminary experiments demonstrate improved sensitivity using a high finesse etalon. These results demonstrate the potential of optoacoustic generation and detection for producing high frequency ultrasound arrays.


Study on the identification of the potential Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) species in coastal waters of Tarakan. The objectives of this study were to identify the types of potential HAB species, which cause red tide event in the coastal waters of Tarakan. Furthermore, this study was to determine the cell density of HAB species in the study area. Sampling was conducted from April to July 2012. Two sampling locations were chosen: Station 1 was located in the Port of Tengkayu 2, Tarakan and Station 2 was situated in the coastal waters of Amal. The results of the study showed that five potential HAB species were identified in Tarakan coastal waters. The species were Chaetoceros sp (class Bacillariophyceae), and four species of class Dinophyceae, which consists of Ceratium furca, Ceratium fusus, Dinophysis caudata and Protoperidinium depressum. The mean cell densities of the five HAB organisms ranged between 150-600 cells. L , 25-125 cells. L -1 . 25-150 cells. L -1 . 25-100 cells. L -1 and 25-50 cells. L -1 respectively. Chaetoceros sp dominated the area with the mean cell density of 322 ± 92 cells. L -1 compared to four other HAB species. Nevertheless, this study did not find any fish mortality events or a human illness caused by HAB species at Tarakan waters. Key word : Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB), Fitoplankton, Waters of Tarakan.


In this paper, according to the disposal status and composition property of sludge, in order to improve the clean utilization of sludge the co-briquetting process of coal with sewage sludge is put forward.At 1073K, the isothermal combustions of different sludge and coal-sewage sludge briquette were performed in a fixed-tube reactor.Emissions of gaseous pollutants including SO_2, NO, and NO_2 from isothermal combustion were anlyzed.Based on the emissions of CO_2 and O_2 for sludge, it can be concluded that the combustion of volatile can be due to the main emission of gaseous pollutants.For emissions of gaseous pollutants, especially SO_2, co-briquette of coal with sludge is an environmental-friendly process for the disposal of sludge.


Abstract : This paper presents results of a pilot national satisfaction survey of visitors to Corps-managed recreation areas. The survey was based on a sampling protocol capable of producing a national estimate of customer satisfaction and on standardized data collection methods ensuring consistency across recreation areas and projects. The survey data were used to 1) produce a national estimate of customer satisfaction, 2) provide preliminary data for benchmarking Corps-managed recreation areas, and 3) evaluate the suitability of the survey protocol for monitoring visitor satisfaction in the Corps' Recreation Business Area.


At a decisive moment in the life of humankind on Earth, when the destruction of its natural and cultural heritage becomes an imminent threat, an ontological reflection reveals itself crucial. There is a lack of clarity in the current paradigm regarding the identification of natural environments, cultural landscapes, and artificial environments, so this chapter aims to contribute for a debate about them. More precisely, a methodology developed by Machado in the context of ecosystems, establishing relationship with the different typologies of tangible heritage, is proposed. The importance of distinction between various typologies of environments and heritage is supported by the fundamentals of environmental ethics. Founded upon them, the concept of cultural landscape is discussed. The chapter also addresses the concept of artificiality, which is a key tool to comprehend the biosphere state of damage and the genesis of the geological epoch in which we live, the Anthropocene. This is, after all, the reason why it is urgent to protect natural and cultural heritage.


This article describes in detail an experiment which was carried out on a wind tunnel in the Laboratory of the Department of Power Machines, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, at the University of West Bohemia (UWB), using Particle Image Velocimetry and Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry. PIV is a non-invasive method that allows you to simultaneously measure the flow velocity across the entire field under investigation. In the experiment, the field was located behind the exit of the wind tunnel. The experiment dealt with the measurement of the wake behind a barrier. Measurement with Stereo PIV was carried out in several vertical parallel planes perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel. Conventional PIV method was then used for a horizontal plane passing through the axis of the tunnel at half the height of the barrier. The velocities in the measured plane are expressed by a vector map. In areas not affected by the wake, the speed in the w direction is about 16 m / s. The wake is formed behind the barrier. A shear layer is formed at the boundary between the flowing air and the braked air. A backflow occurs in the area just behind the barrier. The highest speed in the area is achieved in places just behind the exit of the tunnel, where the current is not affected by the barrier. In the direction from the axis and the obstacle, the speed gradually rises from the negative values of the return flow through the zero speed. In addition to the velocity fields, the output from the experimental measurement was also the distribution of the sum of variances, standard deviation and correlation coefficient in the measured planes.This article describes in detail an experiment which was carried out on a wind tunnel in the Laboratory of the Department of Power Machines, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, at the University of West Bohemia (UWB), using Particle Image Velocimetry and Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry. PIV is a non-invasive method that allows you to simultaneously measure the flow velocity across the entire field under investigation. In the experiment, the field was located behind the exit of the wind tunnel. The experiment dealt with the measurement of the wake behind a barrier. Measurement with Stereo PIV was carried out in several vertical parallel planes perpendicular to the axis of the tunnel. Conventional PIV method was then used for a horizontal plane passing through the axis of the tunnel at half the height of the barrier. The velocities in the measured plane are expressed by a vector map. In areas not affected by the wake, the speed in the w direction is about 16 m / s. The wake is formed behind the barrier. A ...


The surface of nanodiamond (ND) particles was modified with 1‐octadecene via a simple thermal reaction to obtain octadecyl‐modified ND. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis results indicated that octadecyl groups were successfully introduced onto the ND surface. The amount of the octadecyl groups on the ND surface was observed to increase with increasing reaction time and to eventually saturate. A bead‐milling process, which enabled disaggregation of NDs in 1‐octadecene, was observed to increase the amount of octadecyl groups adsorbed onto the ND surface. The estimated surface coverage was as high as 2.2 × 1014 molecules cm−2, which corresponds to submonolayer level. Dispersion tests revealed that the octadecyl‐modified ND particles exhibit hydrophobic/lipophilic character, whereas the oxidized ND (before surface modification with 1‐octadecene) exhibited good dispersibility in water. Particle size distribution analysis by dynamic light scattering revealed that the particle size of the octadecyl‐modified ND in chloroform, a non‐polar solvent, was ca. 20 nm. Thus, the present method should be useful for fabricating NDs that can be dispersed in non‐polar organic solvents and should facilitate the expansion of the application fields of ND.


Pingle ancient town is not only one of the most important scenic spots in Chengdu,but also a place for the program "one shop,one college student".Based on the students' field practice and teachers' survey,the present service quality in Pingle ancient town was explored and upgrading plan was put forward.


It is common practice to discretize continuous defect counts into defective and non-defective classes and use them as a target variable when building defect classifiers (discretized classifiers). However, this discretization of continuous defect counts leads to information loss that might affect the performance and interpretation of defect classifiers. Another possible approach to build defect classifiers is through the use of regression models then discretizing the predicted defect counts into defective and non-defective classes (regression-based classifiers). In this paper, we compare the performance and interpretation of defect classifiers that are built using both approaches (i.e., discretized classifiers and regression-based classifiers) across six commonly used machine learning classifiers (i.e., linear/logistic regression, random forest, KNN, SVM, CART, and neural networks) and 17 datasets. We find that: i) Random forest based classifiers outperform other classifiers (best AUC) for both classifier building approaches, ii) In contrast to common practice, building a defect classifier using discretized defect counts (i.e., discretized classifiers) does not always lead to better performance. Hence we suggest that future defect classification studies should consider building regression-based classifiers (in particular when the defective ratio of the modeled dataset is low). Moreover, we suggest that both approaches for building defect classifiers should be explored, so the best-performing classifier can be used when determining the most influential features.


During pregnancy, every mother-to-be undergoes radical psychological and physiological changes (endocrinologic, immunologic, metabolic, or vascular) whose influence may trigger various skin manifestations, even during the very first weeks of gestation.


Scalable wavelet-based video coding is of paramount importance in applications in order to adapt the video content to the channel conditions and to enable the selection of a variety of user preferences in terms of quality, resolution and frame-rate. Apart of this, a growing number of mobile devices on which video has to be decoded, stresses the need for complexity scalability to cope with their limited computational capabilities. In this context, the paper focuses on wavelet-based scalable video coding based on in-band motion-compensated temporal filtering and addresses the problem of achieving complexity scalability in the complete-to-overcomplete discrete wavelet transform (CODWT) module employed by such architectures. The proposed methods demonstrate that this can be achieved at the cost of a limited and controllable penalty in the overall coding performance.


Dissolved oxygen in surface water is an essential assessment of water quality. Predicting the concentration of dissolved oxygen in a basin is essential for the integrated use of water resources and the prevention and control of water pollution, as it enables the prediction of water quality trends in advance. In accordance with the cyclical and non-linear character of the variation of dissolved oxygen, we present a PCA-LSTM combined with a principal component analysis (PCA) method and a long and short-term memory network (LSTM) to estimate the dissolved oxygen concentration in the short period of time. Firstly, the dissolved oxygen data extracted from the water quality monitoring platform were preprocessed, and then 8 external variables, which retained most of the information, were converted into 5 new variables and put into the LSTM network for training. Finally, the predictions of the pre-processed training set data were compared using both the LSTM and PCA-LSTM models respectively. Experiments demonstrate that the PCA-LSTM model not only simplifies the structure of the proposed network, but also has more accurate prediction results than the conventional LSTM. Its mean absolute errors as well as the mean squared errors are improved by 2.71% and 9.03% respectively compared with the traditional LSTM model.


It represents the differentiation of the pavement constitution between the steel fiber reinforced concrete and the general concrete easily,and brings forward the calculation model and optimization design scheme meeting the actual stress condition of the steel fiber reinforced concrete pavement according to the recent researches and tests,which will have important meaning to the steel fiber reinforced concrete pavement development.


This paper focuses on the process of geometry modeling, motion modeling and third dimension modeling of virtual self-propelled gun with OpenGL ,and the method of realizing distributed real-time dynamic simulation for virtual self-propelled gun with Client/Serve mode ,TCP/IP communication protocol and Win32 Socket API.A distributed real-time simulation system is setup for a self-propelled gun ,which makes the simulation process visual, and easy to control.


The European toll road sector is changing and, arguably, is becoming more challenging in terms of credit assessment. These changes include an increased interest in toll facility development in Central and Eastern Europe, the adoption of innovative pricing policies, new toll collection technologies, a move from interurban to urban toll roads and the introduction of a host of government support mechanisms designed to attract private investors. Against this backdrop, an increasing number of toll road operators are making use of the capital markets to finance construction of their facilities, or for re-financing purposes, or for funding project extensions and so forth. This presentation reviews the current state of the European toll road sector from the perspective of a credit rating agency, highlights key credit issues and looks forward to the challenges facing the financing of tomorrow's toll road industry. For the covering abstract see ITRD E126595.


Background and Objectives: About 20% of patients with inguinal hernia present bilateral hernias in the diagnosis. In these cases, laparoscopic procedure is considered gold standard approach. Mesh fixation is considered important step toward avoiding recurrence. However, because of cost and risk of pain, real need for mesh fixation has been debated. For bilateral inguinal hernias, there are few specific data about non fixation and mesh displacement. We assessed mesh movement in patients who had undergone laparoscopic bilateral inguinal hernia repair without mesh fixation and compared the results with those obtained in patients with unilateral hernia. Methods: From January 2012 through May 2014, 20 consecutive patients with bilateral inguinal hernia underwent TEP repair with no mesh fixation. Results were compared with 50 consecutive patients with unilateral inguinal hernia surgically repaired with similar technique. Mesh was marked with 3 clips. Mesh movements were measured by comparing initial radiography performed at the end of surgery, with a second radiographic scan performed 30 days later. Results: Mean movements of all 3 clips in bilateral nonfixation (NF) group were 0.15–0.4 cm compared with 0.1–0.3 cm in unilateral NF group. Overall displacement of bilateral and unilateral NF groups did not show significant difference. Mean overall displacement was 1.9 cm versus 1.8 cm in the bilateral and unilateral NF groups, respectively (P = .78). Conclusions: TEP with no mesh fixation is safe in bilateral inguinal repairs. Early mesh displacement is minimal. This technique can be safely used in most patients with inguinal hernia.


A PC-based system that has been developed for detection of interictal epileptiform events in the EEG is discussed. A feature extraction stage inspects each EEG channel for spikelike occurrences on the basis of parameters such as duration, amplitude, and sharpness. An expert system stage then examines each of the possible spikes from a multichannel perspective to decide whether they constitute a true epileptiform event. The results of a preliminary pilot trial of the PC-based system are reported. In an analysis of EEGs from five patients, epileptiform events were detected in all EEGs with epileptiform activity. Most missed events were due to failure to detect sufficient coincident spikes in the first pass because the spikes were of very low amplitude or there were bursts of muscle artifact. There were no false detections.<<ETX>>


The forest growing stock is one of the key indicators in monitoring forest resources, and its quantitative estimation is of great significance. Based on multi-source data, including Sentinel-1 radar remote sensing data, Sentinel-2 optical remote sensing data, digital elevation model (DEM), and inventory data for forest management planning and design, the Lasso feature selection method was used to remove the non-significant indicators, and three machine learning algorithms, GBDT, XGBoost, and CatBoost, were used to estimate forest growing stock. In addition, four category features, forest population, dominant tree species, humus thickness, and slope direction, were involved in estimating forest growing stock. The results showed that the addition of category features significantly improved the performance of the models. To a certain extent, radar remote sensing data also could improve estimating accuracy. Among the three models, the CatBoost model (R2 = 0.78, MSE = 0.62, MAE = 0.59, MAPE = 16.20%) had the highest estimating accuracy, followed by XGBoost (R2 = 0.75, MSE = 0.71, MAE = 0.62, MAPE = 18.28%) and GBDT (R2 = 0.72, MSE = 0.78, MAE = 0.68, MAPE = 20.28%).


The reaction between thiosulfate and chlorine dioxide in slightly alkaline medium has been studied by stopped-flow techniques. The reaction cannot be studied under pseudo-first-order condition, thus a new approach based on the improved calibration and use of stopped-flow spectrophotometers was applied. The reaction starts with irreversible formation of •S2O3ClO22- radical. The main path of the reaction produces tetrathionate and chlorite through the formation of light absorbing tetrathionate radical (•S4O63-). Any of the reactant present in excess slightly modifies the 1:1 stoichiometry, and sulfate as well as chloride ions are also formed. A detailed mechanism based on a rigorous simultaneous fitting of the experimental data is proposed.


PURPOSE: To evaluate subjects submitted to supracricoid laryngectomy concerning vocal self-assessment, auditory-perceptual and acoustic analysis, and the impact of dysphonia on the quality of life. METHODS: Twelve male subjects, who underwent supracricoid laryngectomy for carcinoma resection, mean age of 59.3 years, took part in this prospective observational study. The auditory-perceptual analysis was performed through GRBASI scale in double blind. The acoustic analysis used the VOXMETRIA® software to obtain the fundamental frequency (f0), jitter, shimmer, glottal to noise excitation ratio and phonatory deviation diagram. The self-assessment and the impact of organic dysphonia on the quality of life of these subjects was observed through Voice-Related Quality of Life V-RQOL and Voice Handicap Index (VHI) protocols. RESULTS: f0 ranged between 91.59 Hz and 260.05 Hz, shimmer and/or jitter measures were fairly altered confirming the results of the auditory-perceptual analysis that revealed a vocal deviation degree from moderate to intense, despite the subjects having considered their voices as good or reasonable. However the V-RQOL results showed 50.0% of the subjects presenting gross scores consistent with dysphonic voices. The Voice Handicap Index showed highest scores for the organic domain. CONCLUSION: The vocal deviation degree of subjects varied from moderate to intense, corroborating the acoustic analysis; nevertheless, subjects classified their voices as reasonable and good. Scores of V-RQOL and VHI revealed predominance of the physic and organic domains respectively, compatible with dysphonic voices. Further studies are necessary for a better understanding of the relation between vocal self-assessment and impact on quality of life of subjects with dysphonia resulting from laryngeal carcinoma.


: In the present investigation physico-chemical status of paddy field soil samples from Warora Tahsil, District Chandrapur, Maharashtra, India has been studied for the period of 2 years from February 2020 to February 2022. Warora Tahsil has an area of 1028.93 km2, the area under cultivation is around 54602 hectors. Warora Tahsil has rice cultivation area of 2884 hectors. Soil samples were collected from Temurda, Khairgaon, Shegaon BK, Chargaon BK, Arjuni, and Dadapur to study the physico-chemical status like colour, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium from paddy soil of Warora Tahsil. This study finding of soil analysis revealed that colour of soil ranges from blackish brown to red, pH (7.4 to 7.77), electrical conductivity (0.2 to 0.5 mS/cm), Nitrogen (112-118 kg per hectare), Phosphorus (10.4 to 11.7 Kg per hectare) and Potassium (240 to 290 kg per hector). Result of this investigation will help farmers to solve the problems related to the soil nutrients and better management of fertilizers in paddy fields.


Here is an introduction about the application of the technology of the computer simulation in the cement production and its hydration research and its latest development.


Results of a controlled clinical trial show that a software upgrade for performing torsional ultrasound with a proprietary handpiece and phaco system achieves its purpose of minimizing occlusion during phacoemulsification with consequences for improving the safety and efficiency of cataract removal.


On a real hypersurface M in a non-flat complex space form, two types of connections can be defined: the Levi-Civita connection, which is torsion free and, for any nonnull constant k , the k th generalized Tanaka-Webster connection, which is an affine connection with torsion. So the associated covariant derivatives can be considered. Moreover, the Lie derivative and a derivative of Lie type associated with the k th generalized Tanaka-Webster connection can be defined. In this paper, real hypersurfaces for which both covariant derivatives or Lie derivative and the derivative of Lie type associated with the k th generalized Tanaka-Webster connection coincide when they act on the operator φ A − A φ , where φ denotes the structure operator and A the shape operator of M , either in the direction of the structure vector field ξ or in any direction of the maximal holomorphic distribution of M are classified.


We employ a Monte Carlo simulation scheme based on the bond fluctuation model to simulate template polymerization via controlled polymerization scheme involving copolymerization of free monomers (A) and monomers bound to a template (B) that consists of linear or ring-like substrates with equidistant sites occupied by bound B monomers. Both A and B are chemically identical; i.e., there is no interaction potential acting between A and B. A new macromolecule is initiated in bulk by activation of an initiator; any monomer that is within the reaction distance (nearest neighbors) of the initiator can be incorporated into the chain. As the macromolecule grows, it adds either bulk (i.e., A) or template-bound monomers (i.e., B) to its chain. The living nature of the polymers is assured by eliminating any termination or chain transfer. We analyze the effect of the number and spacing of the B bound monomers on the substrate on the chemical composition and monomer distribution in the resultant A–B random copolymer. O...


This is a review of Daniel Bodansky's "The Art and Craft of International Environmental Law." The piece considers Bodansky's idea of International Environmental Law as a 30% solution to international environmental problems in the context of: 1) norm proliferation and continuing environmental decline, and 2) the concept of sustainable development as an obstacle to environmental improvement.


In the title molecule, C17H14BrNO4S, the methoxycarbonyl group is almost coplanar [dihedral angle = 5.89 (16)°] with the indole ring system, whereas the sulfonyl-bound phenyl ring is almost orthogonal to it [dihedral angle = 88.25 (6)°]. Weak C—H⋯O, C—H⋯π and π–π interactions link the molecules into a sheet parallel to the ab plane.


Abstract Discrete roughness-induced transition in Mach $2.25$ flow controlled by two-dimensional wall blowing is studied using direct numerical simulation. Spectral analysis and flow freezing operations reveal that the main source of unsteadiness in the case without blowing is the separated shear layer/counter-rotating vortex system: the shear layer is bent by the vortex pair, and this interaction induces disturbance growth at the shear layer. With the existence of weak wall blowing, the transition is delayed. Flow visualization demonstrates that upstream-positioned blowing achieves this by lifting the inflow boundary layer and decreasing the roughness Reynolds number. In contrast, downstream-positioned blowing takes effect by weakening the counter-rotating vortex pair and inhibiting the interaction. Vorticity transportation analysis suggests that this result is accomplished by increasing dissipation for streamwise vorticity and converting some of it into spanwise vorticity. In cases with strong wall blowing, the control effect is reversed, as wall blowing with enough strength can induce unsteadiness and promote transition. In upstream-positioned strong blowing cases, a new unstable mode is observed in spectral results throughout the near-roughness region, and further analysis indicates that this mode originating from the separation zone upstream of the blowing is the key factor for transition. With regard to downstream-positioned strong blowing cases, a very low-frequency mode is generated from the separation bubble between the roughness element and the blowing, but it only provides an initial disturbance for the transition process. The transition that occurs downstream is due to the distortion of the boundary layer in the wake.


This paper presents reactive power compensation in distribution line using distribution static compensator (D-STATCOM). In order to reduce the reactive power burden and to diminish other adverse effects triggered by inductive load and non-liner load reactive power movement should be controlled in distribution line. There are four different control strategies to control the power flow. This paper illustrates methodology used for extracting reference compensating currents for reactive power compensation at PCC (Point of Common Coupling) for DSTATCOM. The voltage source converter (VSC) is used along with DC link capacitor as a DSTATCOM. The simulation has been carried out in MATLAB for various loading condition. A simulation result depicts the performance of DSTATCOM under different conditions.


Objectives: To document serum zinc deficiency in pregnant women of Naivasha and to examine factors associated with zinc defeiency among pregnant women in Naivasha. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study design was conducted on 172 pregnant women in a mid-sized urban industrial area, applying systematic random sampling to obtain the sample size. Serum zinc levels were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Structured questionnaire was used to obtain socio and demographic factors of the women. Dietary intakes were assessed using 24-hr dietary recal and a food frequency questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done using logistic and linear regression. Results: The mean serum zinc level was 66 µ66g/dl±14SD ranging from 39 to 123 µg/dl. ZD was observed in 66.9 percent of the study subjects and a 75 percent of them were in low socio-economic status. Parity was the only factor associated with ZD (AOR=3.65;95%CI:1.27-10.49;p=0.016). There was no significant association between dietary zinc intake, socio-econimc status with ZD, but women consuming Vitamin C below the RDA had a 2.62 fold risk (95%CI:0.55-12.37) of developing ZD. A p-value of <0.05 statistical significant at 95% confidence level was used. Conclusions: Zinc deficiency a public health this area of Kenya. This high prevalence is related to other factors other than dietary zinc These includes factors related


We present a research about the analysis of the teacher's practice in the teaching of the writing. The sample was composed by 137 teachers from language area, working in 30 different Kindergarten's schools and Primary Schools. We applied a device (PRAES) which include the theoretical approach that teachers have about how the students learn, the believes about the effects of those instructions, the writing correction, the teaching methods (formal and natural), and the teacher's self-efficacy related with those teaching. Data suggest that the PRAES presents an adequate reliability and validity, besides it provides a precise description of the problem; signaling that the teachers show positive opinion in the device, and we can predict some variables from the instrument. And last, we discuss and comments results and its implications. We discuss the shortcomings; and we signal as desirable to implement researches which reduce these problems; besides, we suggest to extend this type of study in other fields, not only in writing. Key words: Self-efficacy, theoretical approach, teaching in writing, teacher's practice.


This essay presents a new analysis of Costa Rica's political stability in the last four decades. It underlines two basic features during this period: first, the efforts to redistribute wealth; second, the abolition of the army as a permanent institution.


An eye-safe, coherent Doppler Light Detection and Ranging (CDL) system for speed measurement under development at BUAA's School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronics Engineering is introduced in this paper. It consists of a 1.55-μm Er-doped fiber laser transmitter, a monostatic optical antenna, a single-mode fiber (SMF) interferometer, an InGaAs photodiode detector, and signal processing equipments. All devices of optical circuit are connected by SMFs making the system reliable and setup arrangement flexible. The goal is to give the evaluations of the Doppler frequency shift and platform speed. Since the speed accuracy is time-independent, the CDL system can be used for integrated navigation system. The quality of Doppler-shift estimation by a spectrum analysis technique, fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithms, ameliorates as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) increases. For the developed CDL system incorporating with SMF interferometer, only the light beam of mode LP01 is permitted to propagate, therefore the SNR is improved greatly. Experiments were performed on a moving hard target with the CDL system and the results were presented.


In this paper, we aim to analyze the effect of treatment and protection measures on the spread of infectious disease. Therefore, we formulate a delayed mathematical which contains a discrete delay which stands for the duration of protection and distributed delay that represents the repulsed individuals from treatment. The main result is to show that the model has threshold behavior governed by [Formula: see text]. For [Formula: see text], it is shown that the disease-free equilibrium is globally stable. However, for [Formula: see text], it is proved that the semiflow is uniformly persistent, and the endemic equilibrium is globally stable. Another purpose is fixed in this paper, which consists of studying the effect of treatment and protection measures on the spread of the disease, and to distinguish the minimal protection and treatment measure for reducing the basic reproduction number below one. The results are supported numerically using numerical simulations.


A motorized propulsion device for swimmers and scuba divers which is to be attached to the user's forearms. The battery, motor, propeller and propeller shroud are arranged in a compact, linear, hydrodynamic manner. The watertight housing may have one or more integrally shaped nesting protuberances to comfortably accommodate the user's forearm and thereby prevent slippage. The front end surface of the housing has a control panel within reach of the user's fingers.


The energy transduction in biomembranes requires a special supramolecular structure. This structure is needed for converting proton motive energy into ATP synthesis. These biomembranes contain 4 enzyme complexes that are composed of many polypeptides. Here we describe the following 4 phenomena : 1) oligomer formation by self-assembly of the subunits, 2) incorporation of the oligomers into a lipid bilayer, 3) chaperonin-mediated formation of the oligomers and membranes, 4) coordination of the subunit biosyntheses by enhancers and the role of mitochondrial DNA.Polypeptides translated are assembled into the membrane complexes with or without the help of chaperonins. In the case of thermophilic proteins, the reconstitutability of polypeptides is excellent ; for example, the catalytic portion of ATP synthase, α1 β1 subunit complex, was reconstituted. On the other hand, mesophilic ATP synthase requires chaperonins for its formation. The transcription of mRNAs for these polypeptides is coordinated by special enhancer and silencer. The role of polypeptides encoded by mitochondrial DNA in the molecular assembly was studied with the wild-type and mutant cells.


In her book titled "The Comfort Women of the Empire," You Ha Park asserts the need for dismantling our memory of Korean comfort women as a reconciliatory strategy for resolving the conflict surrounding the issue of comfort women. Using the concept of the 'comfort women of the empire,' she emphasiz...


Abstract Objective We assessed the relation between dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and risk of glioma among Iranian adults. Design: A hospital-based case-control study. Setting: This case-control investigation was done in 2011. Usual dietary intakes of participants during the preceding year were examined using a food frequency questionnaire. Data on dietary TAC from foods was gathered from published databases that provided the antioxidant capacity for each food item, measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power. Participants: Cases were individuals with pathologically confirmed glioma that were diagnosed during the last month (n = 128). Controls were individuals, aged between 20 and 75 years, who were hospitalized or were outpatients referred to other wards of the same hospitals (n = 256). Results: Compared with participants in the lowest quartile, those in the highest quartile of dietary TAC had a lower odds of glioma (OR: 0.28, 95%CI: 0.15–0.45). This association was strengthened when potential confounders were taken into account (OR: 0.13; 95%CI: 0.05–0.35). Such inverse association was also seen for men (OR: 0.05, 95%CI: 0.01–0.19), but not for women. Furthermore, significant inverse associations were seen between dietary intakes of vitamin C (OR for Q 4 vs. Q 1: 0.14, 95%CI: 0.05–0.36; P-trend < 0.01), vitamin B6 (OR for Q 4 vs. Q 1: 0.35, 95%CI: 0.13–0.97; P-trend = 0.02) and β-carotene (OR for Q 3 vs. Q 1: 0.43, 95%CI: 0.19–0.98; P-trend = 0.57) and glioma, after controlling for potential covariates. Conclusions: We found that dietary TAC as well as dietary intake of vitamin C, vitamin B6, and β-carotene was inversely associated with odds of glioma in adults.


The radiation risks from medical x-ray examinations have been evaluated as a function of the age and sex of the patient in terms, separately, of the lifetime risk of radiationinduced cancer to the patient and the risk of deleterious heritable effects appearing in the progeny of the patient. These risks have been estimated on the basis of the risk models described in ICRP Publication 103, together with typical organ doses for a range of common x-ray examinations derived by Monte Carlo calculation from patient dose data obtained in recent national surveys of UK radiology practice. The radiation-induced cancer risk was found to vary with patient age and sex in a different manner for different types of x-ray examination, depending on which organs were being irradiated. The effective dose (E) for each examination was also calculated and used to derive age/sex/examination-specific risk coefficients (risk per unit E). The risk coefficient for a particular age band, sex and examination can differ from ICRP's nominal risk coefficient for detriment-adjusted cancer (5.5% per Sv), which is averaged over all ages and both sexes, by up to a factor of ten. For most types of x-ray examination, a single set of age and sex dependent risk coefficients (based on that for uniform whole body exposure) provides an estimate of risk that is mostly within ± 50% of the specific risk for the particular examination. However, grouping examinations within four anatomical regions (head, neck, chest and abdomen & pelvis) led to a further four sets of averaged age and sex dependent risk coefficients that allow improved assessment of risk within ± 30% of the specific risk. Typical levels of cancer risk range from less than about 1 in a billion (<10 -9 ) for any patient having an x-ray examination of the knee or foot, to just over 1 in a 1,000 (10 -3 ) for a young girl having a CT scan of the whole trunk. The risk of deleterious heritable effects appearing in the progeny (including the second generation) of patients undergoing x-ray examinations with a significant gonad dose was found typically to range from less than 1 in a million to 1 in 15,000 for a female patient having a CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis. These risks are assumed to be independent of patient age and gender up until the age for each sex when reproduction becomes unlikely, when the risk obviously falls to zero.


The mechanisms of cable ageing at nuclear power plants (NPPs) mainly depending on the insulation material, as well as the damaging factors affecting cables that are determined by the operating conditions are considered in the paper. The main and additional mechanisms of aging resulting from the effects of damaging factors are provided. The paper presents the main methods of cable aging management: determining the actual service life and testing using field methods and other means. The basic principles for the arrangement of cable aging management at Ukrainian NPPs, as well as the methods used to investigate the technical condition of cables, are presented. A list of mandatory lists has been defined when performing activities on cable aging management. A methodology is described for lifetime extension of cables, and conditions for extending the service life of cables that are in service are provided. A number of methods of testing cables for aging management are considered: visual inspection of insulation and measurement of crack size, discoloration, etc.; insulation hardness test; insulation chemical analysis; electrical insulation tests; tensile strength measurement; measurement of elongation at break; measurements of dielectric loss at low frequency or sweep frequency; testing by dynamic reflectometry method; AC and DC current impedance measurements. The paper presents results of separate laboratory studies for selected 1 kV representative power cables with PVC insulation of SUNPP-1, ZNPP-1 and KhNPP-2 conducted within Ukrainian NPP long-term operation, which included a stage of laboratory examination and examination of cable samples in operating conditions. The following results were obtained: dependence of VVGng 4x6 cable lifetime on operating temperature; dependence of AVVG cable lifetime on operating temperature; dependence of AVVG (a) cable lifetime on operating temperature. There are possibilities and conditions under which the use of cables within long-term operation is permissible.


Pastor, can I talk with you sometime this week? I need some help." "I am so torn up about what I need to do with my mother. Can you see me this week?" "I lost my job, and I need to talk." "Pastor, my wife told me that she wants a divorce and that she hasn't loved me for a long time. I don't know what to do. Can we get together?" "I think the Lord may be calling me into the ministry, but I'm not, sure. I just need to talk with you." "I've never felt anything like this before. Somebody told me I might be depressed. Can you help me?"


and 'lack of wiggle room' alongside 'staffing shortages' made planning difficult. 'Peer pressure' to keep working and 'not being seen as a human being' with a sense of 'personal guilt' need to be addressed. Environment: 'nice staff room' and 'ability to hand bleep over' with 'scheduling breaks as a team'. Leaders also need to role model alongside 'giving yourself permission'. We all need to find 'courage to have break uninterrupted'. Discussion Our workshop shows there are barriers and enablers to taking a break. Changes are needed as individuals but more importantly as teams and organisations to enable all colleagues to feel empowered to take their breaks. Our workshop has shown an improvement in number of colleagues taking a break. We are now planning the next stage to roll out wider.


We report on the properties of an 850 nm vertical cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) transmitter running at 50 Gb/s with NRZ modulation from 30 °C to 90 °C. This is the highest transmitter operating temperature at 50 Gb/s for a VCSEL link of any wavelength. This achievement is made possible by a combination of a high speed VCSEL design and driver and receiver circuits that incorporate equalization. Without equalization, the highest temperature attained with bit error ratio <;1E-12 is 57 °C.


Aimed at an accurate evaluation of the slope stability of open-pit mine,this paper introduces a comprehensive evaluation model consisting of fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and combination entropy-weight method.The model starts with developing evaluation factors set of the first level,including the topography,soil properties,water effects,shock effects and other effects,according to the experience,proceeds to calculate every factors'weight using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process,and ends with analyzing the relatedness of sample data using the combination entropy-weight method,so as to determine the results of slope stability evaluation by further amending the weight coefficient.Allowing for the actual data distribution,the method,overcoming weight's imbalance,gives the evaluation result better than does the single analytic hierarchy process.This evaluation model can provide useful reference for the actual mine production and management.


Process details. Function of HC preheater-1 furnace. Hydrocarbon prcheater-1 s ftmction is to preheat the HC (i.e., ethane/propane) from 6TC to 125"C to \4VC through furnace flue gases. Prebeater-1 contains HC with DMDS catalyse in normal furnace cracking operation. During the decoking cycle, the HC teed control valve remains closed whereas decoking steam and hot air are introduced through preheater-2. From preheater'2 onward, steam is live, i.e., circulating through preheater-2, the economizer, the su[̂ >erheater and furnace area, and che decoking network piping including the decoking pot. The only area where the steam is not live, i.e., the steam is stagnant, is preheater-


Expert system technology has now matured so that task-oriented business programs can be rapidly proto typed, developed, coded, and deployed on desktop and laptop personal computers. This rapid development and deployment is especially true when the task is well defined, and the target user has little knowledge in the specified domain. This chapter sketches the successful implementation of an actuarial program designed to assist a non actuary in detailed actuarial analysis.During the past few years, sophisticated microprocessors have been placed in desktop and laptop computers. As a result, these computer platforms can now accommodate expert systems that once ran only on specialized computers or mainframes. The expertise captured in the knowledge-based system can be distributed on these relatively inexpensive computer platforms to locations where no expert is available for consultation.This chapter describes the development of an expert system called the ReValuator and includes the following sections: (1) Problem Definition, (2) Description of the AI Technology Used, (3) Functional Overview, (4) Architectural Overview, (5) Example of Model in Opera tion, (6) Innovations, (7) Criteria for Successful Deployment, (8) Nature and Estimate of Payoff, and (9) System Evolution.


This study compared post-concussion symptom endorsements on the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) between a clinical open-ended interview, clinician-guided PCSS, parent-report PCSS, and computer-based PCSS in youth athletes with sport-related concussion (SRC). Participants included 54 patients aged 13–17 years (M = 15.19, SD = 1.29, 51.8% male) with a diagnosed SRC seen at a concussion clinic. Participants were administered a computer-based version (COMP) of the PCSS followed by clinical open-ended symptom interview (OPEN) and clinician-guided PCSS (GUIDED). Participants' parents concurrently and independently endorsed their children's symptoms by completing the PCSS in the waiting room (PARENT). Total number of symptoms reported and total symptom severity score were analyzed and compared across the four PCSS administration methods. Results revealed significantly lower total number of symptoms for OPEN compared to GUIDED (p = .002), PARENT (p < .001), and COMP (p = .006); and significantly lower total severity score for OPEN compared to GUIDED (p = .04) and PARENT (p < .001). These data support using the PCSS as a structured method of assessing post-concussion symptoms and question the utility of unstructured interview methods for assessing symptoms in youth athletes with SRC.


BACKGROUND: Medicare claims as the basis for health condition adjustments is becoming a method of choice in capitation reimbursement. A recent study has found that claims‐based beneficiary classification for Alzheimer's disease produces lower prevalence estimates and higher average costs than previous healthcare cost studies in this population. These sets of studies differ in data sources, period length, and in their specification of dementia.


Nothing is free in this free world. As public good is concerned, water is often termed as a 'common good' instead of a public good. In economics, water is an economic good and not a free good. To a layman, water is his/her basic human right and it cannot be deprived at any cost. This paper reviews some debates regarding rights to water in Phiri in the post-apartheid South Africa. In this brief review, I find on one side, the international trends towards cost-recovery and commercialization of water through privatization, or corporatization, or governmental policy, and other hand, the struggles of poor households to this social injustice. The main debate heads towards two synonymous words 'sustainable development' (social welfare without negative impact on future generations) and 'social justice' (social welfare at current age). The main theme of this water battle is the installation of prepaid water meters that lead to the constitutional challenge of the basic human right of the masses.


This paper aims to compare three collocation point methods associated with the odd order stochastic response surface method (SRSM) in a systematical and quantitative way. The SRSM with the Hermite polynomial chaos is briefly introduced first. Then, three collocation point methods, namely the point method, the root method and the without origin method underlying the odd order SRSMs are highlighted. Three examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the three methods. The results indicate that the condition that the Hermite polynomial information matrix evaluated at the collocation points has a full rank should be satisfied to yield reliability results with a sufficient accuracy. The point method and the without origin method are much more efficient than the root method, especially for the reliability problems involving a large number of random variables or requiring complex finite element analysis. The without origin method can also produce sufficiently accurate reliability results in comparison with the point and root methods. Therefore, the origin often used as a collocation point is not absolutely necessary. The odd order SRSMs with the point method and the without origin method are recommended for the reliability analysis due to their computational accuracy and efficiency. The order of SRSM has a significant influence on the results associated with the three collocation point methods. For normal random variables, the SRSM with an order equaling or exceeding the order of a performance function can produce reliability results with a sufficient accuracy. The order of SRSM should significantly exceed the order of the performance function involving strongly non-normal random variables.


An intelligent interaction should not typically call attention to emotion. However, it almost always involves emotion: For example, it should engage, not inflict undesirable stress and frustration, and perhaps elicit positive emotions such as joy or delight. How would the system sense or recognize if it was succeeding in these elements of intelligent interaction? This keynote talk will address some ways that our work at the MIT Media Lab has advanced solutions for recognizing user emotion during everyday experiences.


This work focuses on the problem of sky image prediction using Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). Sky images observation is used for cloud coverage short-term forecasting and therefore by predicting the future frames of a sky image sequence, a better estimate of the available solar resource for renewables could be achieved. For this purpose, a Deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) topology is trained with an Adversarial loss in order to produce realistic future frames of the input image sequences. The prediction of future frames is incurred by two different approaches. In the first approach, a network is receiving 4 frames and predicting the next frame and in the second approach, given a sequence of 8 input images a network is predicting the next 8 frames. In order to evaluate the quality of the generated images, a criterion based on cloud coverage is proposed. This cloud coverage metric provides an objective criterion for assessing the quality of the generated sky images, especially in the presence of clouds.


We focus on the social processes (group decision making) that construct an emergent attitude about field margins, in France western countryside. Negotiation theories are used to understand what occurs in three agri-environmental meetings. Descriptive and evaluative knowledge about field margins seems to be inaccurate, and agreements are partial or uncertain. Using a modified form of group polarization paradigm, our study examined the social and cognitive conditions under which environmental values tend to become more extreme. Intra-groups and inter-groups social contexts are organized with agricultural and environmental students. Discussion issues about fields margins are supported by descriptive items, evaluative items or photographs, that bring informational or normative influence. Attitudinal shifts are affected both by the type of group composition and the discussion supports. In inter-group context, agricultural interests are generally privileged.


Fish muscle homogenates with NaCl (5 or 15%) and those without NaCl were stored at 0° and 10°C. During the storage, the changes in viable counts, trimethylamine (TMA) and total volatile base (TVB) concentrations, 2-thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values, concen-trations of free amino acids, pH, Eh and water contents were observed. All the changes observed at 0°C were much smaller and slower than at 10°C. The most significant differences between the homogenates with NaCl and those without NaCl were found in respect to the TMA concentration;in the presence of more than 5% NaCl the TMA concentration did not exceed the threshold value of spoilage, whereas in the absence of NaCl it exceeded the threshold value within a short time.


Distributors of natural gas need to predict future consumption in order to purchase a sufficient supply on contract. Distributors that offer their customers equal payment plans need to predict the consumption of each customer, twelve months in advance. None equal payment plan customers are expected to pay for their consumption as billed monthly. However, as a cost-saving measure, their meters are usually only read bimonthly. Estimates based on previous consumption patterns are used for months without readings. Often, for customers whose meters are usually inaccessible, e.g. indoor meters, meters buried under snow, etc., only two or three irregular readings per year are taken. In such cases, the distributor relies on estimates most of the time. Existing methods of prediction and a proposed new method for a local region are discussed.<<ETX>>


Introduction I. Mobile Media History 1. Personalization 2. Privacy II. Location-Awareness in Public Spaces 3. Mobile Phones 4. Location-Aware Media 5. Control and Personalization 6. Privacy and Surveillance 7. Conclusion


While Web 2.0 is emanating new forms of business strategies among marketers, it further empowers consumers to communicate, search information and voice criticisms by rating, reviewing, and/or recommending brands via electronic word of mouth (eWOM) with reduced physical and psychological cost. The negative publicity that stems from a product-harm crisis (PHC) significantly affects consumer buying decisions of the brand during post-crisis period. The preliminary extensive literature survey reveals that still there are empirical gaps in the information attribution perspective of PHC and the use of eWOM as a crisis response strategy. Accordingly, the objective of the present study was set as to propose a framework to examine the impact of eWOM on brand evaluation in times of negative publicity. A systematic review was undertaken using published empirical findings under the related study domains. The analysis revealed that negative brand evaluation may induce from negative eWOM and the availability of the firm's web-based intervention strategy (proactive vs. reactive) in a platform (consumer-generated vs. brand-generated) would be an effective mechanism to mitigate this negative effect. Accordingly, it is suggested a framework together with prepositions for subsequent empirical testing and validation as content provision for the academia and a profitable strategy for crisis management decision-making. Since many of prior studies have used automated, industrial, and service products in western study settings, still there is a vacuum for making a synthesis using different product categories in eastern study settings in order to update the existing knowledge. Keywords: Consumer Generated Content, Product-harm Crises, Situational Crisis Communication Theory, Web-based Intervention Strategy


Discriminative Correlation Filters (DCF) have demonstrated excellent performance for visual tracking. DCFs utilizing a periodic assumption of the samples to train a correlation filter performs efficiently in tracking. However, the DCF framework is still an open-loop system prone to tracking failures caused by model drift. In this paper, we present a Spatial-Corrected Regularized Correlation Filters (SCRCF) which is a DCF-based tracker with a correction mechanism. SCRCF exploit the advantages of the spatial regularization method to design a corrective feedback mechanism. The mechanism calculates the reasonable offset to influence the spatial regularization coefficients by observing the output responses of multiple trackers, so as to correct the unreasonable tracking results. Compared to conventional DCF-based trackers, SCRCF is more robust to handle some complicated tracking scenes, such as occlusion and motion blur. Extensive experiments on OTB-2015 benchmarks demonstrate our tracker outperforms most state-of-the-art trackers.


Although it is established that presynaptic actin participates in synaptic vesicle recycling at several synapses, the earliest stages at which actin polymerization is employed during this process are still unclear. To address this, we prevented actin polymerization at lamprey synapses by applying latrunculin B or swinholide A. Latrunculin and swinholide depolymerize actin by sequestering actin monomers and, in addition, swinholide can sever existing actin filaments. When injected into individual presynaptic axons of the intact spinal cord, fluorescently labeled monomeric actin rapidly incorporated in a calcium‐dependent manner into a stable, filamentous actin network concentrated at endocytic zones. This pool of actin was disrupted completely by latrunculin. At stimulated synapses, specific disruption of actin polymerization with latrunculin and swinholide induced a selective increase in unconstricted clathrin‐coated pits and, in the case of swinholide, an additional increase in the size of plasma membrane evaginations. These results indicate that actin polymerization participates initially in the maturation of clathrin‐coated pits during early stages of synaptic vesicle recycling. J. Comp. Neurol. 497:600–609, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The invention provides an output short-circuit soft-restoration control circuit and an application thereof in a DC-DC converter. In an initial electrification process, before an output voltage of an FB port does not exceed a given reference voltage V9, a soft-restoration control module of the soft-restoration control circuit has no effect on a switch module. After the output voltage of the FB portis back to normal, if the output voltage of the FB port is lower than the given reference voltage V9, the soft-restoration control module outputs a switch-off signal to a switch control module of thesoft-restoration control circuit, and the switch control module turns off the switch module. The soft-restoration control module continues to detect the output voltage and a load current of the FB port and compares the load current with a threshold current. When the load current is lower than the threshold current of the soft-restoration control module, the soft-restoration control module opens the switch control module, and the output voltage of the FB port restores the normal state. The output short-circuit soft-restoration control circuit can reduce the chip power consumption during the output short circuit and control and output the time for restoration from the short circuit.


Water company managers evaluating potential seismic damage effects on a pumping facility will require a reasonable estimate of the probable magnitude earthquake that has potential to disrupt serviceability. The analysis would determine expected force levels resulting from the interacting structures and failure analysis of the pipe structure. These analyses are presented in this report to provide an estimate of potential damage and loss of function of a pumping facility.


Thermodynamically stable cubic and orthorhombic NaCl3 as well as NaCl7 have been synthesized [1]. A thermochemical explanation was recently propose [2] for the stability of such unusual compounds [2]. In the present work, molecular modeling (SE-PM3/MMFF) of a dimmeric structure for NaCl3is performed. The calculated cation and anion charges, as well as bond distances for the NaCl3 gaseous dimmer are in good agreement with values for the solid Pm3nNaCl3 [1]. To the modelled dimmer Δf g H θ = -196.4 kJmol -1 .For such dimmeric compound: point group C1; dNa-Na = 273.3 pm; dNa-Cl = 246.8-248.1pm; ZPE 10.01 kJmol -1 ; H θ = -154.5 kJmol -1 ; G θ = 289.3kJmol -1 , S θ = 425.1JK -1 mol -1 ; Cv = 169.6JK -1 mol -1 ).


This study explores using different machine learning techniques and workflows to predict crime related statistics, specifically crime type in Philadelphia. We use crime location and time as main features, extract different features from the two features that our raw data has, and build models that would work with large number of class labels. We use different techniques to extract various features including combining unsupervised learning techniques and try to predict the crime type. Some of the models that we use are Support Vector Machines, Decision Trees, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbors. We report that the Random Forest as the best performing model to predict crime type with an error log loss of 2.3120.


By using genome‐wide methylation screening, the authors identified ring finger protein 180 (RNF180) as preferentially methylated in cancer. This study was undertaken to clarify its structure and functional role in gastric cancer.


In this paper we study the relation between parabolic Higgs bundles and irreducible representations of the fundamental group of punctured Riemann surfaces established by Simpson. We generalize a result of Hitchin, identifying those parabolic Higgs bundles that correspond to Fuchsian representations. We also study the Higgs bundles that give representations whose image is contained, after conjugation, in SL($k,\Bbb R$). We compute the real dimension of one of the components of this space of representations, which in the absence of punctures is the generalized Teichm\"uller space introduced by Hitchin, and which in the case of $k=2$ is the Teichm\"uller space of the Riemann surface.


Klaus Schmider received a Ph.D. in history from the Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz, Germany, in 2001. His doctoral dissertation, "Der Partisanenkrieg in Jugoslawien 1941-1944" (Partisan Warfare in Yugoslavia, 1941-1944), was published by Mittler & Sohn of Hamburg in 2002. Since 1999, Dr. Schmider has lectured in the War Studies Department at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst. In 2000, he co-authored Volume 8 of the semi-official History of Germany in the Second World War published by the Bundeswehr's Historical Research Institute (Militärgeschichtliches Forschungsamt). Dr. Schmider can be contacted through The Journal of Military History or via email@example.com


One of the main challenges of using heterogeneous systems results from the need to find the computation-to-hardware assignments that maximize the overall application performance. The important computational factors that must be taken into account include algorithmic complexity, exploitable parallelism, memory bandwidth requirements, and data size. To achieve high performance, a hardware platform is chosen to satisfy the needs of a computation with corresponding architectural features such as clock speed, number of parallel computational units, and memory bandwidth. In this paper five linear algebra computations that are commonly found in compute-intensive applications are selected and evaluated in terms of performance on CPU, GPU, and FPGA platforms across a wide range of data sizes. The results are used to provide guidelines to help select the best performing hardware platform based on the computational factors. Using a cutting edge signal processing application as a case study, we demonstrate the importance of making computation assignments for improved performance. Our experimental results show that a properly implemented heterogeneous system achieves a speedup of up to 39x and 3.8x compared to CPU-only and GPU-only systems respectively.


This paper proposes a model for a chainless power assistor system(PAS) that can provide the required power based upon operational status by designing a chainless electric bicycle that can be substituted for a general chain type bicycle and which is also an environmentally friendly means of transportation. This paper designed a fuzzy control algorithm that can intelligently examine operational status through the stopping force sensor of a chainless intelligently auxiliary power system it and also have the power of an auxiliary power system to be controlled by the vehicle`s operational status. This paper designed an intelligent electric bicycle that provides auxiliary power to a general bicycle system relying only upon the stepping force of a human and systems to provide auxiliary power to the intelligent chainless bicycle model designing presented.


In the paradigm of ordered quantity,potential information is expressed as 0(1,0);unordered material and energy is expressed as 0(0,1);apparent information is expressed as 1(1,1).These expressions can be as a initial framework of the paradigm system.The ordered quantity is the order information actual show;it is the definitions of ordered quantity in various information systems that is the important step to construct the general information system paradigm.Universal paradigms of ordered quantity will express the ordered quantity of multiple and multi-level systems as the operation result of ordered quantities of grass-roots systems and the basic systems.Using the paradigm of ordered quantity express the interaction laws of general information,it shows especially essence of the laws.


Near-infrared observations of the z = 2.286 IRAS source FSC 10214+4724, made with the near-infrared camera on the W. M. Keck Telescope, are reported. Deep broad-band images at 2.15 and 1.27 micrometers, and narrow-band images at 2.165 and 2.125 µm with 0."6 to 0."9 seeing show that FSC 10214+4724 consists of at least three distinct components in a compact group of galaxies. The source of the infrared luminosity appears to be in a strongly interacting galaxy that has a luminosity of ~100 times that of a present-day L* galaxy. The interaction suggests and 'age' of this galaxy of ≃ 10^9 yr. The Hα emission is resolved as a source of diameter ≃ 5 kpc, suggesting that a starburst contributes to the observed Hα emission. There is an excess of objects in the FSC 10214+4724 field that could represent galaxies in an associated cluster.


A review of seismicity in the territory of Belarus for 2016-2017 based on the data of 17 digital stations is present-ed. 64 events with Kd=4.7–8.3 and 42 events with Kd=5.2–8.6 were recorded for 2016 and 2017 respectively. All events were confined to the southern part of the territory, including the Soligorsk mining area.
A comparison of NΣ and ΣE for 2016 and 2017 with the long-term average values shows that the level of the seis-mic energy released in 2016 and 2017 was reduced. The number of events for 20162017 corresponds to the long-term average background values. There is no stable correlation between the released seismic energy and the number of earthquakes for the long-term period of 1983–2017.


Delay line is a key component of IC test system. The principle and capability of analog delay line are detailed in this paper. The reason why analogdelay line has high timing resolution and common precision as a result of disturb, temperature and nonlinearity is also analyzed. Finally the direction of further research is proposed. Integration of digital delay line based on CMOS will be the trend.


The centers of matching craters can be beneficial additions to the control point database. Crater matching on heterogeneous surfaces is helpful in testing its applicability to the entire moon. Therefore, we propose a coarse-to-fine crater matching method for heterogenous surfaces on images acquired from the narrow angle camera (NAC) of the lunar reconnaissance orbiter camera (LROC) and the Chang'e-2 (CE-2) digital orthophoto map (DOM). First, we perform coarse matching based on the Hausdorff distance using the area and coordinates of the crater. Then, the mismatched craters are removed by using the affine transform (AT) model fitted by corresponding points of mutual information (MI) matching. Finally, we use the retained matched crater centers to fit the affine transformation model between the images, predict the corresponding position, and obtain the corresponding crater around it to achieve fine matching. The results show that the proposed method obtains numerous crater matches on images covering different terrains and solar altitude angles compared to the Hausdorff distance-based crater matching method. For the five experimental scenes registered using matched craters, the mean values of the checkpoints are approximately two and three pixels for scenes with small and large differences from CE-2 solar altitude angles, respectively, and the standard deviations (STDs) for both are approximately one pixel. In addition, the highlands have lower accuracy than the maria, with a variance of less than one pixel. Furthermore, the registration accuracy is related to the diameter and number of craters.


Botnet is one of the most serious threats to the security of the Internet nowadays.In this paper,the concept,functional structure and execution mechanism of Botnet are presented,The Command and Control mechanisms and propagation model are discussed,and the latest techniques on Botnet tracking are reviewed.Finally,the developing trends of Botnet is also analyzed.


In this paper we consider BSDEs with Lipschitz coefficient reflected on two discontinuous (RCLL) barriers. In this case, we prove first the existence and uniqueness of the solution, then we also prove the convergence of the solutions of the penalized equations to the solution of the RBSDE. Since the method used in the case of continuous barriers (see Cvitanic and Karatzas, Ann. Probab. 24 (1996) 2024–2056 and Lepeltier and San Martin, J. Appl. Probab. 41 (2004) 162–175) does not work, we develop a new method, by considering the solutions of the penalized equations as the solutions of special RBSDEs and using some results of Peng and Xu in Annales of I.H.P. 41 (2005) 605–630.


In this paper I discuss the origin of the Balinese dance genre of legong. I date this from the late nineteenth century, with the dance achieving its definitive form in the period 1916-1932. These conclusions are at odds with the most common history told for legong, according to which it first appeared in the earliest years of the nineteenth century.


What are the fundamental research questions in Information Systems? How do various research topics relate with one another to form the IS research landscape and how do they evolve over time? This study is an initial attempt to answer these questions using topic models to investigate the topics examined by the premier IS journals in 1977-2014. We present an IS Topic Graph that contains 33 research areas, 31 of which are closely connected with one another. Further analyses of this graph reveal how different IS research areas are intertwined to the extent that they are almost inseparable. Looking into IS research at a finer level, we identify 300 research topics, and a chronological analysis reveals a trend of topic diversification and externalization. To guide future research, an intelligent literature search tool called ISTopic is built and is available at http://www.istopic.org for public access.