Cyanide is widely used in industry as a potent lixiviant due to its capacity to tightly bind metals. This property imparts cyanide enormous toxicity to all known organisms. Thus, industries that utilize this compound must reduce its concentration in recycled or waste waters. Physical, chemical, and biological treatments have been used for cyanide remediation; however, none of them meet all the desired characteristics: efficiency, low cost and low environmental impact. A better understanding of metabolic pathways and biochemistry of enzymes involved in cyanide degradation is a necessary step to improve cyanide bioremediation efficacy to satisfy the industry requirements. Here, we used several approaches to explore this topic. We have isolated three cyanide-degrading Bacillus strains from water in contact with mine tailings from Lima, Peru, and classified them as Bacillus safensis PER-URP-08, Bacillus licheniformis PER-URP-12, and Bacillus subtilis PER-URP-17 based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and core genome analyses. Additionally, core genome analyses of 132 publicly available genomes of Bacillus pumilus group including B. safensis and B. altitudinis allowed us to reclassify some strains and identify two strains that did not match with any known species of the Bacillus pumilus group. We searched for possible routes of cyanide-degradation in the genomes of these three strains and identified putative B. licheniformis PER-URP-12 and B. subtilis PER-URP-17 rhodaneses and B. safensis PER-URP-08 cyanide dihydratase (CynD) sequences possibly involved cyanide degradation. We identified characteristic C-terminal residues that differentiate CynD from B. pumilus and B. safensis, and showed that, differently from CynD from B. pumilus C1, recombinant CynD from the Bacillus safensis PER-URP-08 strain remains active up to pH 9 and presents a distinct oligomerization pattern at pH 8 and 9. Moreover, transcripts of B. safensis PER-URP-08 CynD (CynDPER-URP-08) are strongly induced in the presence of cyanide. Our results warrant further investigation of B. safensis PER-URP-08 and CynDPER-URP-08 as potential tools for cyanide-bioremediation.


Controlling devices is one of the important fields in modern industrial control systems where robots do dangerous, precise and even boring work The study of embedded systems has the main role and contribution in making such control convenient, since it acquire measures, process readings and control of actuators. In this paper, the solution suggested is to realize control using three modes, as well as approaching the problem without using PC for processing of measurement and control signals. It aims also to overcome the limitation of the peripherals of AVR Atmega32 microcontrollers that can control only two servo motors. This limit has been overcome by utilizing SPI interface ports of microcontrollers. Results obtained are excellent and efficient performance achieved. However, there are some findings like rounds-up of some values that led to loose of few fractions in the position of motor due to shift in the instant of sending signal to the slave micro. A solution has been proposed, which was to send the value in two cycles. Another issue is how to put together the three modes in one program, which were not possible because of the blocking statement in the GSM mode.


Process for the preparation of propylene glycol from propylene oxide, which process comprises: (a) contacting propylene oxide with carbon dioxide in the presence of catalyst to obtain a first reaction mixture containing propylene carbonate, and (b) contacting at least part of the first reaction mixture with water in the presence of catalyst to obtain a second reaction mixture containing propylene glycol and carbon dioxide, in which process a substantial amount of propylene oxide is present in step (b).


This article examines the underexplored balancing between exploration and exploitation in inter-firm network dimension by applying an ambidexterity and vacillation behavior and how this impacts on different firm's innovation performances. We propose reconciliation between exploration and exploitation within a network of inter-firm ties, by matching two specific structural network embeddedness positions that are centrality and structural holes. We observe how a firm reconciles exploitation and exploration in their inter-firm networks by adopting two different behaviors, ambidexterity and vacillation. According to the former a firm statically assumes in the same time a network position characterized by high level of centrality and structural holes. Following the second behavior, a firm dynamically shifts from network positions characterized by high level of centrality/ structural holes to strong centrality/structural holes positions. By observing a network of inter-firm relationships between 3125 firms for ...


Two objective methods have been developed to evaluate the potential annoyance of prominent discrete tones in the noise emissions of products: (1) the tone‐to‐noise ratio (TNR) method [ECMA‐74‐1997, ANSI S1.13‐1995] and (2) the prominence ratio (PR) method [ANSI S1.13]. A task group of the Inter‐Committee Working Group on noise from information technology and telecommunications equipment (ITTE) is studying both procedures, with the goal of optimizing a single method. In some cases the procedures give conflicting results, especially when there are harmonics and/or multiple tones within a single critical band. ECMA‐74‐1997 employs a modification of the TNR method for cases in which there are two tones within the critical band. This talk will present the results of two pilot studies comparing naive listeners' subjective ratings of signals containing discrete tones to the measured TNR and PR values. In the first pilot study, stimuli were a series of recorded machine noises. In the second study, stimuli were co...


Monitoring of soil fertility and crop productivity in long-term application of silicate fertilizers is necessary to use fertilizers efficiently. This study was conducted to investigate effects of continuous application of silicate fertilizer for rice cultivation from 1969 to 2014. The treatments were no silicate fertilizer treatments (N, NC, NPK, and NPKC) and silicate fertilizer treatments (N+S, NC+S, NPK+S, and NPKC+S). The 46-yr input of 2 ton ha -1 yr -1 of silicate fertilizer increased pH 0.6 ~ 1.1 and exchangeable Ca 2.0~2.4 cmolc kg -1 in silicate fertilizer treatments (N+S, NC+S, NPK+S, and NPKC+S) compared with no silicate fertilizer treatments (N, NC, NPK, and NPKC) because silicate fertilizer included Ca component. Also, available silicate concentrations of silicate fertilizer treatments (N+S, NC+S, NPK+S, and NPKC+S) increased 169 mg kg-1 compared to no silicate fertilizer treatments. In Period II ('90~'14), the mean annual Si field balance varied from 62 to 175 kg ha -1 yr -1 in silicate fertilizer treatments, indicating continuous accumulation of soil Si. Silicon uptake and grain yield of rice had greater differences between N treatment and N+S treatment than other treatments. This showed that the application of silicate fertilizer had greater effect in nutrient-poor soils than in proper nutrient soils. Thus the application of silicate fertilizer led to improvement the fertility of soil and increasement of rice production for the lack of soil nutrients.


Burundi's educational system reflects not only its colonial and war-torn past but also its precarious and meager national fiscal situation.The ethnic wars, followed by continuing tension and political power struggles, coupled reportedly with a lack of governmental vision, have inhibited the significant gains realized by Burundi after independence. Regardless of the shortcomings of the resources at the universities, administrators are actively seeking assistance to modernize their infrastructure and curricular offerings.


Pattern reconfigurability is a desirable feature of mobile handset antennas, as it enables the antennas to adapt to non-stationary propagation environments. However, it is difficult to vary the radiation pattern of a handset antenna at frequencies below 1 GHz because the entire chassis commonly acts as the main radiator. Hence, designing pattern reconfigurability based on the antenna element (secondary radiator) alone can severely limit the achievable pattern diversity. In this work, a dual-band (0.85-0.90 GHz and 1.93-2.11 GHz) handset antenna with pattern reconfigurability at the low band is designed by loading the periphery of the chassis with a metal bezel. The bezel loading adds a new resonant characteristic mode to the chassis, on top of the fundamental resonant mode. These two modes are selectively excited for pattern reconfigurability using a suitable feed and two PIN diodes, which yield an envelope correlation of below 0.2 in the low band (0.07 at 0.87 GHz). Moreover, since the proposed antenna is fully integrated into the bezel structure, it does not occupy any extra space on the chassis, which also allows more antennas to be implemented, e.g., for MIMO applications.


Rainfall–runoff modeling has been the core of hydrological research studies for decades. To comprehend this phenomenon, many machine learning algorithms have been widely used. Nevertheless, a thorough comparison of machine learning algorithms and the effect of pre-processing on their performance is still lacking in the literature. Therefore, the major objective of this research is to simulate rainfall runoff using nine standalone and hybrid machine learning models. The conventional models include artificial neural networks, least squares support vector machines (LSSVMs), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), M5 model trees, random forests, multiple adaptive regression splines, and multivariate nonlinear regression. In contrast, the hybrid models comprise LSSVM and KNN coupled with a gorilla troop optimizer (GTO). Moreover, the present study introduces a new combination of the feature selection method, principal component analysis (PCA), and empirical mode decomposition (EMD). Mean absolute error (MAE), root mean squared error (RMSE), relative RMSE (RRMSE), person correlation coefficient (R), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), and Kling Gupta efficiency (KGE) metrics are used for assessing the performance of the developed models. The proposed models are applied to rainfall and runoff data collected in the Wadi Ouahrane basin, Algeria. According to the results, the KNN–GTO model exhibits the best performance (MAE = 0.1640, RMSE = 0.4741, RRMSE = 0.2979, R = 0.9607, NSE = 0.9088, and KGE = 0.7141). These statistical criteria outperform other developed models by 80%, 70%, 72%, 77%, 112%, and 136%, respectively. The LSSVM model provides the worst results without pre-processing the data. Moreover, the findings indicate that using feature selection, PCA, and EMD significantly improves the accuracy of rainfall–runoff modeling.


The Internet of Things (IoT) generates large volume of data. Today's Cloud models offer scalability, reliability and cost effectiveness. However the large volume, variety and velocity of data that is being generated by IoT devices challenges the long delay links between cloud data center and IoT devices. Fog Computing is an extension to the cloud computing, introduced by CISCO is a distributed paradigm. The basic idea is to deploy Cloud Computing infrastructure closer to the things (sensors/smart devices) that produce and act on data. This fascinating concept brings together the latest technologies like Cloud, Edge, IoT etc. In Fog computing, resource management is an important factor for better utilization of available resources and also providing optimal service for IoT applications. This study fo-cuses on the recent research works undertaken in the resource management area of Fog computing and also compares various edge computing paradigms. At the end, other issues that are left as future challenges are highlighted.


TITAN Aerocapture entry has been studied in collaboration with the Hypersonics Centre of the University Queensland (UQ), Australia The simulation of the experimental conditions and also the flight conditions are made using CFD coupled with chemistry libraries of which CHEMKIN. This can be compared to in-code implementation for the Earth reentry. Reduced models based on combustion data bases are taken for the reactions data set for Titan's entry.


20 Antibody detection and accurate diagnosis of tropical diseases is essential to help prevent the 21 spread of disease. However, most detection methods lack cost-effectiveness and field-portability, 22 which are essential features for achieving diagnosis in a timely manner in developing countries. 23 peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. To address this problem, transparent 3D printed sample chambers with a total volume of 700 24 microliters and an oblate spheroid shape were fabricated to measure green light scattering of gold 25 nanoparticles using an optical caustic focus to detect antibodies. Scattering signals from 90 degree 26 and 200 nm gold nanoparticles using a green laser and standard 27 quartz cuvette were compared to the scattering signals from a green LED light source with an 28 oblate spheroid sample chamber and to Mie theory by fitting the data to a logistic curve. The 29 change in signal from 60 nm to 120 nm decreased in the order of Mie Theory > Optical Caustic 30 scattering > standard laser 90 degree scattering. These results suggested that conjugating 60 nm 31 gold nanoparticles with Dengue Protein E and using an optical caustic system to detect plasmonic 32 light scattering would result in a sensitive test for detecting human antibodies against Dengue 33 Protein E in serum. To explore this possibility, we studied the light scattering response of protein 34 E conjugated gold nanoparticles exposed to different concentrations of anti-protein E antibody, 35 and posteriorly via a feasibility study consisting of 10 human serum samples using a modified dot 36 blot protocol and a handheld optical caustic-based sensor device. The overall agreement between 37 the benchtop light scattering and dot blot results and the handheld optical caustic sensor suggest 38 that the new sensor concept shows promise to detect gold nanoparticle aggregation caused by the 39 presence of the antibody using a homogeneous assay. Further testing and protocol optimization is 40 needed in order to draw conclusions on the positive predictive and negative predictive values for 41 this new testing system. 42 43


Onomastic wordplay has been widely used as a rhetorical device by novelists, poets, and playwrights, from character names in Shakespeare and other classic literature to named entities in Pokémon, Harry Potter, Asterix, and video games. The translation of such wordplay is problematic both for humans and algorithms due to its ambiguity and unorthodox morphology. In this paper, we present an overview of Pilot Task 2 of the JOKER@CLEF 2022 track, where participants had to translate wordplay in named entities from English into French. For this, we constructed a parallel corpus wordplay in named entities from movies, video games, advertising slogans, literature, etc. Five teams participated in the task. The methods employed by participants were based on the state-of-the-art transformer models, which have the advantage of subword tokenisation. The participants' models were pre-trained on large corpora and fine-tuned on the JOKER training set. We observed that in many cases the models provided the exact official translations, suggesting that they were pre-trained on the corpus containing the source texts used in the JOKER corpus. Those translations that differed from the official ones only rarely contained wordplay.


Today Art advances at a dizzying pace and hosts many subject and tecnique. In our era very favorable rapid consumption of this environment, the arts also inevitably affected. Movement from the fact that another type of technology emerging with every last day occupied all our lives, art is oblivious to these influences. These changes are changing our visual style, senses and aesthetic understanding at the same time. Period, understandings and ways of life change as a result of this change also keeps up with art. In the first quarter of 20th century at the time of plastic arts expanding its boundaries, effects of technology starting with dizzying world of photograph formed by cameras, printing methods, video and computer tecniques


A number of copolymers were synthesized by condensation of 4- hydroxybenzaldehyde oxime (HBO), formaldehyde (F) and chloro, bromo, methoxy or methyl substituted acetophenones (A) at 100 -120˚C. The copolymers were characterised by FT-IR and 1 H NMR data. Molecular weight and polydispersity were determined by gel permeation chromatography. Molecular weights were observed in the range 2966 - 4390 and the polydispersity index (PDI) range is 1.40 -1.45. Thermal stability of the polymers was investigated by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The initial decomposition temperature was 200˚C whereas softening temperature (Ts) of resins was ranging from 100 -165.8˚C. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the polymers were also screened on various bacteria and fungi. All the synthesized polymer showed excellent antimicrobial activities as compared to the standard ciprofloxacin and amphotericin-B drugs.


In recent decades, Honduran homes have undergone a series of demographic, economic and social transformations that affect the composition and distribution of homes. This article presents the typology of the poverty of the Honduran homes analyzed in two moments of the time year, 2001 and 2017, based on the data of the permanent survey of homes of multiple purposes (EPHPM). For the purposes of this study five types of homes were established, one-person, biparental, single-parent, extensive and compound. The poverty line method (LP) was used for the estimation of poverty. To complete the poverty analysis by the poverty line method and to have synthetic indicators, the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke index (FGT) was used, which allows by means of the income to quantify how poor the poor are, in other words It would be the level of income that homes in poverty need to leave the poverty line or zero poverty. Over the course of 16 years, Honduran homes have recorded important changes in the structure and arrangements that are given to the internal ones. The homes that prevail at the national level are: the biparental and the extensive ones, in the period of study one observes a growth of the single-parent households. On the other hand, there are marked differences that occur in the urban area and rural areas, single-parent households are more common in the urban area where the headquarters are mostly women.


Elevated serum follicle-stimulating hormone does not predict a lower sperm retrieval rate for men with nonobstructive azoospermia undergoing microdissection testicular sperm extraction, and should not be considered a contraindication for this fertility procedure.


In previous alienation of Marxism on the basis of the"1844 Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts"the inherent logic of the first to the scientific concept of alienation of labor, the labor theory of alienation of the main content, and profound social capitalism reveals the originator, the source and the original impetus. At the same time, the Marxist theory of economics provides the basis for a Marxist social theory important component.


Patent abstract "chewable food compositions". The present invention relates to food compositions that have a chewy texture, and methods for manufacturing the chewy food composition. in one aspect the food composition includes a moisture content and Aw sufficient to provide the food composition with a chewy texture. In one aspect, the outer wrap having a chewy texture surrounds an interior filling soft flesh. The wrapper may have a moisture content ranging from about 15% to about 24% and an Aw ranging from 0.7 to 0.84.


Chloroacetic acid modified lychee exocarp was used as adsorbent for Cr( Ⅵ) adsorption,and thermodynamic characteristics of the adsorption were discussed. Results showed that adsorption capacity of the modified lychee exocarp( MLE) would increase with the increasing of temperature and Cr( Ⅵ) initial concentration,when the Cr( Ⅵ) initial concentration reached to 15 mg / L,the adsorption was basically in saturated state. Langmuir isothermal equation was better to explain the MLE adsorption of Cr( Ⅵ),this adsorption was a monolayer adsorption,mainly occurred on the active sites of MLE surface. Calculation results of the adsorption thermodynamic parameters namely ΔG,ΔH and ΔS showed that the enthalpy change ΔH and entropy change ΔS were positive,which indicating that the adsorption was an endothermic process,the higher the temperature,the more conductive to the adsorption. When in low initial Cr( Ⅵ)concentration,the ΔG was negative,which indicating that the adsorption was a spontaneous process and the spontaneous degree would increase with temperature rising. Adsorption potential would increase with temperature rising,which indicating that the temperature rising was conducive to the adsorption.


For the first time, this paper addresses the need to automate the maintenance of the quality control and control system at all stages and stages of the life cycle - anti-conduct fluid (POJ) for ground-based anti-de-dealing treatment (POO) of an aircraft. The possibility of evolution of the quality control of the object of ground de-icing physical and chemical treatment of the surface of the aircraft - de-icing liquids, in "Management of quality - de-icing liquid as an object to ensure the safe take-off of the aircraft" is considered. The definition was introduced: "The quality of de-icing liquid." To integrate into the system "Management of the quality of de-icing fluid" - on the basis of knowledge bases about THE POJ introduced as a functional concept "The quality of de-icing liquid at the POO stage". In order to introduce information software support for the POO process using databases and control systems, the concept of "Regeloscopic Ground De-Icing Protection Program of the Armed Forces" has been introduced, which will allow and move to an effective method of improving the quality of the service - integrated automation of the POO.


The combination of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) and the superior electrical and optical properties of band-gap engineered semiconductor layer systems yields a completely new and promising approach toward another generation of acoustoelectric and optoelectronic devices. The propagating potential modulations accompanying a SAW on a piezoelectric semiconductor heterostructure can be exploited to alter the optical properties of an optoelectronic structure in many ways and over a wide range. We demonstrate the SAW-induced separation, storage and transport of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Various schemes to release the carriers in form of a time delayed light signal are demonstrated and discussed. We present some basic structures and applications.


Dendronised diazapyrenium derivatives were synthesised with glycol-appended dendrons to confer water solubility. These dendrimers form self-assembled supramolecular structures with cucurbituril hosts. The self-assembly process could be monitored by changes in the absorption spectra and redox properties of the dendrimers due to electronic interactions of the electron-accepting diazapyrenium core with the electron-rich inner cavity of cucurbiturils.


Abstract. Acoustic seafloor classification with multibeam backscatter measurements is an attractive approach for mapping seafloor properties over a large area. However, artifacts in the multibeam backscatter measurements prevent accurate characterization of the seafloor. In particular, the backscatter level is extremely strong and highly variable in the near-nadir region due to the specular echo phenomenon. Consequently, striped artifacts emerge in the backscatter image, which can degrade the classification accuracy. This study focuses on the striped artifacts in multibeam backscatter images. To this end, a calibration algorithm based on equal mean-variance fitting is developed. By fitting the local shape of the angular response curve, the striped artifacts are compressed and moved according to the relations between the mean and variance in the near-nadir and off-nadir region. The algorithm utilized the measured data of near-nadir region and retained the basic shape of the response curve. The experimental results verify the high performance of the proposed method.


In the transformation process of Brazilian Catholicism, the regional focus links with the analysis of the local and global scale as extremely articulated dimensions. This articulation characterizes the local Church of Curitiba (PR) with a territoriality of two instances, influenced by scale tensions of global character peculiar to the head of the universal hierarchy of the Church and regional tensions specific of the local Church. Beyond these forces of endogenous character of the ecclesiastical structure, we also verified exogenous tensions of the Church itself, represented by non-catholic institutions and even secular institutions. The last quarter of the 20 th century demonstrates a crisis of the dominant representation of the Roman Catholic Church in Brazil. The secular conjuncture of the cities and the retraction of the missionary spirit of the Church motivated the diagnosis of a certain stagnation of the symbolic domain of the Church. Moreover, the religious pluralism of the great urban centers coined a new reality, based on the growing questionableness of the myth of Catholic Brazil. The growth of pentecostal and neopentecostal religious movements represented in the decades of 1980 and 1990 a considerable impact on the way by which popular religiosity makes a second definition of the religious identity.


A 15 year old girl was referred with cholestatic jaundice, but no other complaints. Biliary obstruction was identified on ultrasound scanning, and abdominal computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) demonstrated bilateral dilatation of the intrahepatic bile ducts and an enlarged gallbladder. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) revealed a short segment stricture just below the bifurcation (●" Fig.1). Directed biopsies were taken using the Spyglass cholangioscope and a stent was placed. Histopathological examination of the biopsies showed an inflammatory infiltrate rich in eosinophils compatible with the diagnosis of eosinophilic cholangitis (●" Fig.2). The patient developed acute cholecystitis 5 days post ERCP and underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Macroscopically, the gallbladder was markedly edematous with intraluminal purulent material. Pathological examination of the gallbladder revealed chronic cholecystitis and focal eosinophilic infiltrates (●" Fig.3). The patient was treated with prednisone (initially 60mg, tapered over 6 months) followed by azathioprine (50mg) as a steroid-sparing agent and underwent repeated endoscopic stent exchanges. A year later she remained asymptomatic with normal liver function tests and a normal ERCP (●" Fig.4). We report a case of eosinophilic cholangitis in which the diagnosis was made preoperatively, allowing successful combination therapy with endoscopy and immunosuppression to be implemented. Eosinophilic cholangitis is an extremely rare benign disease [1], which causes eosinophilic infiltration of the biliary tree and other organs. It can result in the formation of strictures within the biliary tree [2–4], as it is characterized by marked fibrosis of the bile ducts [5]. Eosinophilic cholangitis ispart of a spectrumofdiseases that all show eosinophilic infiltration of organs,with orwithout peripheral eosinophilia [6,7]. Suggested diagnostic criteria include thickening or obstruction of the bile ducts, infiltration with eosinophils on bile duct biopsy, and improvement with immunosuppression [6]. The present case is one of only a few cases of eosinophilic cholangitis to be diagnosed without surgery, which allowed us to consider other potential therapeutic strategies as alternatives. In addition, our case is the first case, to our knowledge, in which eosinophilic cholangitis was treated with steroids followed by immunosuppressive therapy. Physicians should consider this possibility when treating this eosinophilic condition.


Objective: To assess the incidence, risk factors and the outcome of acute renal failure (ARF) associated with eclampsia in intensive care unit (ICU). Design: Prospective and analytic study. Setting: A surgical ICU in a university hospital. Patients: 178 consecutive women with eclampsia admitted to an intensive care unit during seven years. ARF was defined by a serum creatinine concentration > 140 µmol/L. Results: The incidence of ARF was 25.8%. In univariate analysis the severity of patient illness, the complications associated with eclampsia (disseminated intravascular coagulation, Hellp syndrome, neurologic complications, abruptio placenta, aspiration pneumonia, delivery hemorrhage) were significantly associated with ARF. In a logistic regression model, risk factors for ARF included organ system failure (OSF) odds ratio (OR) = 1.81 confidence interval (CI) [1.08–3.05], bilirubin > 12 µmol/L OR = 4.42 CI [1.54–12.68], uric acid > 5.9 g/dL OR = 16.5 CI [3.09–87.94], abruptio placenta OR = 0.2 7 CI [0.08–0.99], and oliguria OR = 0.10 CI [0.03–0.44]. In contrast, severity of blood pressure or proteinuria on dipstick were not associated with ARF. However, in this series, 15 women required dialysis in the short term and one required long‐term dialysis. ARF associated with eclampsia was significantly associated with mortality (32.6% versus 9.1% p = 0.0001). Conclusion: ARF with eclampsia is a frequent situation that required intensive management when risks factors were present. The need for dialysis was a rare condition.


Operating of financial products through electronic mechanism are very comfortable, time saving process and helps to maintain social distancing amid current global pandemic; since the adoption rates of electronic financial products are very low. An attempt has been made in the current study to check the variation on usage of financial products through electronic mechanism amid COVID-19 pandemic. The primary data of this Study were collected from Banking Customers and have been identified on random basis from Jammu & Kashmir. The filled up response was collected successfully from 200 respondents, however from collected 200 responses 180 responses were valid and 20 responses were incomplete and hence eliminated from the current study. Based on the survey data generated through 180 banking customers were analyzed and the corresponding implications are discussed in the work.


The Tamping arm is joined to main body using a sleeve and a pin and the joint is pivot point. The upward end of arm is connected with hydraulic cylinder and lower one is connected with tamping tool. During the working of Tamping machine, the Tamping Unit because of its self-weight penetrates through the bed of ballast up to desired depth, after which the hydraulic cylinder cranks outwards causing the tamping arm to move inwards. This inward movement of arm squeezes the ballast and fill the gap below the sleeper. Due to reactions from the self weight and Hydraulic force, the pivot point that connects the tamping arm with main body fails frequently. The main cause of this failure is the high friction between sleeve and pin due to surface to surface contact. This high friction causes erosion of material and induces play in the fit between the tamping arm and sleeve. There is requirement to replace tamping arm at a small span due to which cost is high due to frequent downtime on railway line. Further literature review is to be done to verify this cause to avoid the failure of Tamping Unit the Failure Analysis is being done. For this CAD modeling of the tamping unit is carried out in CAD software PRO-E.


In this paper, the concept of Time Reversal Beamforming (TRBF) is put forward which forms a theoretical framework unifying the physical TR process and the signal processing method. Four TRBF systems are raised and their evolution illustrates that TRBF can be made more practical for target detection in real environments. The availability of these TRBF systems is shown by simulation and experiment.


Evolution of Digital Radio Amplitude modulation (AM) was the dominant form of radio broadcasting during the first 80 years of the 20th century, but channel fading, distortion, and noise led to poor reception quality. These problems were reduced to some extent with the introduction of frequency modulation (FM), which could also provide stereo transmission and CD-quality audio, but analog radio was still not devoid of channel imperfection effects and limited coverage area. During 2003, two commercial start-ups, XM and Sirius (these merged and became SiriusXMTM), introduced the huge footprint of subscription-based digital satellite radio in the United States, with a revenue model similar to that of Pay-TV channels. Around the same time, WorldSpace Radio started satellite broadcasts for Asia and Africa.


Objective: Low serum testosterone is highly prevalent in chronic kidney disease patients. The objective of the study was to determine levels of serum testosterone at the time of transplantation, the prevalence of testosterone deficiency/insufficiency in the pre- and post-transplant periods, and its correlation with patients' age, serum creatinine, duration of preoperative dialysis, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) matching, and graft outcomes. Methods: The study was conducted from January 2019 to April 2020. Forty-five male renal transplant patients were evaluated before and at one and six months following transplant for changes in testosterone and creatinine levels. Six-month follow-up was possible for 28 patients. Result: Renal transplantation resulted in significant improvement in testosterone levels as early as one month after transplantation. The duration of preoperative dialysis and HLA match had a negative and positive impact on postoperative serum testosterone levels, respectively. We did not find any impact of testosterone levels on graft function. Conclusion: Successful transplantation among the study population produced a positive impact on serum testosterone levels. The duration of preoperative dialysis and HLA match had a negative and positive impact on postoperative serum testosterone levels, respectively. Level of evidence: XXX.


The present study dealt with the leadership styles and the vision of the leader in the police force, where it was stressed that the leader and the organization in general is called upon to define its mission, as this is the starting point and is answered through the strategy planned for how the organization will fulfill its mission.
The study was completed through eight chapters, where in particular the first chapter constitutes the introduction of the study focusing on the subject under investigation and the reasons for choosing this.
The second chapter referred to the study of the leadership styles within an organization, focusing on the definitions of leadership and theories related to emergencies and the theory of transformational leadership. Subsequently, the third chapter focused on the role of leadership in the effectiveness of the police, initially defining the leader and analyzing their responsibilities in the field of police, and the ways in which leaders in the sector are formed.
The fourth chapter deepened on the vision and the need for vision, its characteristics and the need for its transmission. The fifth chapter focused on the Cypriot police and the changes that occurred in the vision. The organizational models and the models of modernization of the Cypriot police were mentioned, as well as ways to improve the culture through specific processes.
The sixth chapter presented the methodology of the research where the ways followed for the completion of the research were recorded. The seventh chapter compiled the results obtained from the research and finally the eighth and final chapter closed the study with the conclusions.


Over the past few years, a great amount of effort has been spent on LTCC filters or related research [21]¿[28]. Some of these components have more advanced functionalities, such as a combination of filter and balun, or a complete front-end module with balun, filter, and matching network. At the same time, advanced methodologies have also been developed to design these components [29]. All the enjoyment of miniaturized RF components or modules is due to the promising three-dimensional design flexibility of LTCC technology. It is expected that a variety of functionally complex components will be continuously available on the market such that the cost and size of the overall wireless terminal can be further reduced. Various aspects of designing miniaturized LTCC LC filters have been briefly discussed here. Conventional coupled LC resonators are commonly used in LTCC filters for RF applications because of their compact size advantage. The shunted parallel resonator in this type of filter can be realized directly as a lumped-element or distributed quarter- wavelength stripline with or without loaded capacitors. Filters with distributed resonators in general have better passband insertion loss performance. Moreover, there are many ways to improve the rejection performance in an LTCC filter design; for example, by modifying the resonators or admittance inverters so as to introduce transmission zeros at the stopband. It was demonstrated, through a design example, that by making use of the flexibility of LTCC technology, a compact LC bandpass filter can be realized for various RF applications.


Proposition assumed by the TCP protocol that any packet loss is due to network congestion, is no longer suitable for wireless networks, because TCP poorly fulfills its role in such networks. In this article has been presented and been listed the main causes of this performance degradation. Even though there are many methods and protocols have been proposed TCP variants up until now, in this review only a few of them have been studied. Here as solutions to the reasons of TCP performance degradation in wireless and wireless LAN networks were grouped into three main groups: end-to-end approaches, split-connection approaches and proxy-based approaches. Research in this area is still producing rapid action, and considerable amount of problems are still widely open, so this article is to identify the main causes of TCP performance degradation over wireless networks and to review some proposed TCP variant to prevent such lack of TCP in wireless and WLAN networks.


Oilseed rape and mustard are mostly grown on conserved soil water in the Indian sub-continent. These crops generally suffer from water stress at reproductive period of development. Thus, to obtain higher stable yields of Brassica species under routine stress conditions, it is essential to identify and understand the interactions of different morpho-physiological traits responsible for drought resistance. To explicate interaction of traits related to biochemical, physio-morphological factors for sustaining drought resistance in Brassica species. Dry mass production and partition in a plant is important when increased yield are sought. A osmometer like plant cell which allows only selective solutes to pass through elastic membrane, cell wall and the thin layer of cytoplasm and a vacuole containing an aqueous solution. To express drought tolerance turgidity of cells maintained by osmotic adjustments.


This is a poor example of computer-assisted learning. It is simply an objective test transferred to a computer screen. There is little here that is new or innovative. In fact, this is computer learning at its most mundane: slow, unimaginative, and boring. The highly promoted "Management Module" to allow teachers to monitor students is so copy-protected that it wouldn't even run on the version I had. In two words: Don't bother!


Introduction In the swine farms, the reproductive disorders composed of repeat breeding, vaginal discharge, anestrus, not getting pregnant and abortion are the main problem resulting in culling lots of gilts (1). It is known that reproductive function of gilts is complicated to clinically explore under field surroundings, thus the reproductive organs from the slaughterhouses are the possible source for investigating the various reproductive problems (2). The pig uterus is regulated by the intricate actions of ovarian steroid hormones and the appropriate hormonal levels can build a suitable milieu within endometrium (3). Undeniably, the ovarian abnormalities must disrupt the uterine function leading to infertility (4). In Thailand, most ovarian disturbances found in gilts culled due to reproductive failure are the ovarian cysts (60%) and the multiple cysts were significantly detected among these gilts (5). Since the ovarian cysts are counted as the hormonal disease and the female steroid hormones accomplish their functions by binding through exact receptors (6). It is expected that the expression of these receptors in the target tissues could reveal the efficiency of female hormonal function. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the impact of the multiple ovarian cysts on the localization of progesterone receptor in the culling gilt endometrium.


A semiconductor device that is comprised to two or more MOSFETs to form a bi-directional power switch. One embodiment of the bi-directional switch is comprised of (a) a semiconductor substrate having an upper surface and a lower surface; (b) a first region of a first conductivity type in said semiconductor substrate and proximate to said upper surface; (c) a first source region and a second source region of a second conductivity type within said first region; (d) a drain region of a second conductivity type formed within said first region and proximate to said upper surface and between said first and second source regions; (e) a first source overlaying and connecting said first source region; (f) a second source overlaying and connecting said second source region; (g) a first gate above said upper surface and placed between said first source and said second source wherein said first gate overlays a portion of said first source region and said drain region; (h) a second gate above said upper surface and placed between said second source and said first gate wherein said second gate overlays a portion of said second source region and said drain region.


All over preindustrial Europe the manorial estate was an important institution in the rural economy. Despite a widespread view that the estates insured its tenants against uncertainties, there is little evidence that measures taken were efficient. This study uses the impact of grain prices on demographic outcomes as a measure of the efficiency of the manorial system in protecting its inhabitants against economic stress. Looking at 400 parishes in Sweden (17491859) the manorial estate seems to have been able to insure its inhabitants against risks of economic stress, but the protective effect was highly imperfect, and only short term. Paper for the annual meeting of the Social Science History Association, Chicago, November 2010 Financial support from the Linnaeus Centre for Economic Demography financed by the Swedish Research Council and Lund University is gratefully acknowledged, and so is the financial support from the Swedish Research Council to the project "Economic Development and Social Dynamics. Swedish Agricultural Transformation in European Perspective". A previous version of this paper was presented at the IUSSP seminar "Demographic Responses to Sudden Economic and Environmental Change" at Reitaku University, Japan, May 2009, at the CNRS/EHESS workshop "A Critical Re-examination of Demographic and Economic Crises in Western Europe from the Middle Ages to the Early Twentieth Century", Treviso, Italy, June 2009, and at the World Economic History Congress, Utrecht, August 2009. We are grateful to participants at these meetings for comments and suggestions, and to Lars Persson at the Department of Social and Economic Geography, Lund University, for sharing his data on land tenure with us.


A video encoding method comprising: a coefficient vector is divided into two or more sub-vectors, each sub-vector length of the vector coefficients than less or equal to the coefficient vector length; indicates the size of each sub-vectors and each sub vector position within the coefficient vector; and forming a block corresponding to the respective sub-vectors.


We have studied the electron-impact excitation of the 2 /sup 1/S and 2 /sup 1/P states of helium in the Coulomb-Born approximation. Closed-form expressions for scattering amplitudes have been obtained with Fourier decomposition of the interaction potential and then the use of accurate correlated wave functions. The results of the present calculations have been compared with other available theoretical calculations and experimental measurements.


Background: Periodontitis constitutes a group of infectious diseases, associated with local and systemic etiological factors. Among these factors, the bacterial plaque has been considered the main causal factor. Biotherapies are homeopathic medicines prepared from biological products, such as bacteria and virsuses, and can be used to treat and to prevent infectious diseases [1]. Aims: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of the biotherapy as adjuvant in the treatment of chronic periodontal disease. Methodology: After the Ethics Committee approval, nine patients of both genders and with age ranging from 35 to 70 years old, diagnosed with chronic periodontitis were selected by dentistry professionals from the Periodontal Clinic of the Veiga de Almeida University (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). They were divided in three groups, with 3 patients each: Group 1treated with biotherapy poll (BP); Group 2treated with auto-isotherapy: Group 3 – treated with placebo (ethanol 30% v/v). Each test solution was used twice a day, in the posology of 6 drops/dose, for 90 days. Before the treatment, the dentists collected two samples (baseline) from the gingival fluid, with a sterile paper, with higher levels of Bleeding on Probing (BOP>5 mm) and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL>3 mm). These materials were transferred to eppendorf tubes containing microbiological medium for 15 days, and after the microbial growth, they were used as start point to the biotherapy compounding. All the solutions were prepared in 30 dH, using ethanol 30% (v/v) as vehicle, at Homeopathic Pharmacy (Faculdade de Farma?cia, UFRJ), following the Brazilian Homeopathic Pharmacopea [2]. After the samples preparation, all patients were submitted a clinical evaluation and received the specific solutions. By the end of treatment scheme, the patients returned and were submitted a new clinical evaluation, as well as to the sample collection, following the same parameters used in the initial phase (BOP>5mm; CAL>3mm). Results and Discussion: The results from baseline (time zero) and after treatment (90-day) were analyzed by ANOVA followed by the Duncan test. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Group 1 presented the best clinical results and the best reduction in the microbiological index, with significance level (p<0.05). Group 2 had a significant improvement in clinical evaluation (p<0.05), however, without significance in the microbiological index, when compared to Group 1. Cite as:. Int J High Dilution Res. 2018;17(2): 47-48 47 https:/doi.org/10.51910/ijhdr.v17i2.946 International Journal of High Dilution Research 2018; 17(2):47-48 Available online at www.highdilution.org Placebo treatment (Group 3) was able to induce little improvement in the clinical parameters, but no significance in the microbiological index (p>0.05). Conclusion: Biotherapy use (BP and auto-isotherapy) presented promising therapeutic potential in chronic periodontal diseases. In order to increase the confiability of these results, this protocol will repeat with a greater number of individuals.


The study examines the impact of national research assessment exercises for the visual arts discipline in a university structure. It encompasses issues of evaluation, benchmarking, performance management, performance indicators and explanatory factors. We find that whilst the definition of research is broad enough to include most of the activities of visual arts academia. The actual operationalisation of the measurement models may well exclude many current activities. The need to clearly demonstrate quality peer review is the largest hurdle. Analysis is also made of the impact of a 'national research quality assessment exercise' such as the New Zealand and UK initiatives (Tertiary Education Commission. 2004; RAE, 2001). Whilst visual arts academia research performance activity was ranked low in both countries, we find that their position on the need for quality and peer assessment offers a potentially broader and more accurate depiction of activity. Obtaining a balanced broader assessment of both traditional performance measures such as research publications along with the more creative elements of visual arts such as exhibitions is paramount. The national assessment exercises show that visual arts academics are struggling to compete with their academic brethren in other disciplines. We argue the need for national assessment exercises engenders an acceptable peer review system to better assess their broad research activities for non-traditional areas. We also make calls for more research presentation training for the visual arts discipline to assist them in the recognition of quality research productivity. The implementation of a national research assessment system which focuses more on quality output and outcome measures instead of input measures such as research income will engender this debate.


Hypertension is the most important problem In global epidemiology, responsible for a half of coronary and stroke-related morbidity. According to current guidelines global cardiovascular risk assessment together with hypertension class plays a critical role in management decisions. A typical Polish patient presents with multiple cardiovascular risk factors and belongs to the high-risk subset. Current understanding of effective hypotensive therapy includes a persistent blood pressure control, maintaining good quality of life and correction of hemodynamic and metabolic disorders, and especial


Wood‐based bilayer solar evaporators, which possess cooperative advantages of natural wood and photothermal conversion coating including fast water transportation, low heat conduction, renewability, and high light absorbability, hold great promise for water purification. However, previous studies suffer from low evaporation rates and high cost of coatings, and lack a deep understanding how the porous structures of coating layer function. Herein, a novel bilayer solar evaporator is designed through facile surface coating of wood by low‐cost porous carbon from controlled carbonization of polyester waste. The porous carbon bears rich oxygen‐containing groups, well‐controlled micro‐/meso‐/macropores, and high surface areas (1164 m2 g−1). It is proved that porous carbon improves sunlight absorption and promotes the formation of numerous water clusters to reduce water evaporation enthalpy. Owing to these combined features, the bilayer solar evaporator exhibits high evaporation rate (2.38 kg m−2 h−1), excellent long‐term stability, and good salt resistance. More importantly, a large‐scale solar desalination device for outdoor experiments is developed to produce freshwater from seawater. The daily freshwater production amount (3.65 kg m−2) per unit area meets the daily water consumption requirement of one adult. These findings will inspire new paradigms toward developing efficient solar steaming technologies for desalination to address global freshwater shortage.


This report looks at several bills addressing the Family Planning Program (Title X of the Public Health Service Act) which have been introduced in the 112th Congress, including: funding for abortion-providing entities, elimination of the program, and prohibitions on government spending for the program.


The sensorimotor timing is recalibrated after a brief exposure to a delayed feedback of voluntary actions (temporal recalibration effect: TRE) (Heron et al., 2009; Stetson et al., 2006; Sugano et al., 2010). We introduce a new paradigm, namely 'synchronous tapping' (ST) which allows us to investigate how the TRE builds up during adaptation. In each experimental trial, participants were repeatedly exposed to a constant lag (∼150 ms) between their voluntary action (pressing a mouse) and a feedback stimulus (a visual flash / an auditory click) 10 times. Immediately after that, they performed a ST task with the same stimulus as a pace signal (7 flashes / clicks). A subjective 'no-delay condition' (∼50 ms) served as control. The TRE manifested itself as a change in the tap-stimulus asynchrony that compensated the exposed lag (eg, after lag adaptation, the tap preceded the stimulus more than in control) and built up quickly (∼3–6 trials, ∼23–45 sec) in both the visuo- and audio-motor domain. The audio-motor TRE was bigger and built-up faster than the visuo-motor one. To conclude, the TRE is comparable between visuo- and audio-motor domain, though they are slightly different in size and build-up rate.


All the diseases have in a way or another one a straight connection with the increase and accumulation of the free radicals in human bodies. The polyedral carbon, due to its capacity to cancel the oxidative stress gives to the body the possibility to use its natural own metabolic resources to withstand to different diseases. The process of polyhedral carbon nanoparticles generation may be performed by the help of electro - hydrodynamic source in which electron avalanche (ectonic) dispersion of the graphite anode surface in water is used. Considering the experimental results obtained in other researches from different countries and our own results, the positive biological influences may be described as: antioxidant/prooxidant on cancer cell cultures, cell membrane protection, imunomodulatory and adaptogenic.


This study analyzes the myriad ways in which Carlos Monsiváis incorporates poetry and song verse into his literary journalism. Whether this genre of the chronicle is a serious denunciation of criminal and inhumane acts in Mexico or a satiric jab at sociopolitical realities, its author does not refrain from inserting verses into his discourse, a custom which both entertains and challenges readers to actively construct the text's meaning. This essay includes a summary of the major Mexican movements and poets from which Monsiváis takes most of his poetic subtitles and puns, and also a comment on the author's disheartened assessment of today's educational system and society's emphasis on the image. These dull the citizen's perception of the poetic or indeed of any appreciation of language. Still, ever the utopian, Monsiváis keeps the torch for poetry's survival.


The purpose of this study is to measure the equity of sustainability of sustainable fashion product types, to examine consumers' purchase intentions, and to study the effect of brand names and cause-related marketing on the product types. The differences among benefit-sought segments on the above variables were also tested. The results show that the highest equity of sustainability did not generate the highest purchase intention. Cause-related marketing significantly influenced the purchase intention on some selected product types regardless of brand names. Benefit-sought groups showed significantly different equities of sustainability, purchase intention, and effects of brand names and cause-related marketing.


A mathematical model has been used to predicting the design and operating parameter of desiccant wheel for performance analysis of desiccant wheel. Model considered both gas and solid side resistance. The model shows good agreement with experimental data. It was found that the moisture removal and temperature difference of the process air increases with increasing process inlet moisture, regeneration temperature, regeneration inlet velocity and these decreases with increasing process/regeneration area ratio, process inlet velocity, process inlet temperature and regeneration inlet moisture. For the best moisture removal, the rotational speed must lie in the range of 15 to 25 rph.


Diurnal patterns of detectability for twenty-eight common species of bird in roadside softwood scrub and/or open eucalypt forest in South-east Queensland are presented. Variation within species was often large. Nevertheless, the diversity of patterns showed the importance of accommodating them, and selecting the most appropriate times of the day to maximize detectability, when censusing single species or small subsets of species.


Many pedestrian detection research works focused on the improvement of detection performance, without considering the detection speed, making the detection algorithms not applicable for real-world requirement for real-time processing. To explore this problem, we first propose a pre-processing method Hierarchical HOG Matrices to replace the traditional integral histogram of gradients, which stores more data in the pre-processing phase to reduce computation time. A matrix-based detection computation structure is also proposed, which organize the massive data computations in the scanning detection process into matrix operations to optimize the overall speed. We then add multiple instance learning into the fast pedestrian detection algorithm to further enhance its accuracy. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed fast and robust pedestrian detection algorithm based on the multiple instance feature achieves an accuracy comparable to the latest algorithms, with the best speed among the algorithms with an accuracy of the same level.


Background: The modern treatment of rectal cancer relies on correct diagnosis which is a multidisciplinary approach by medical oncologists, radiation therapists, endoscopists, radiologists, and surgeons. Based on their diagnosis treatment varies from curative versus palliative; radical versus local excision, pre-operative chemoradiation therapy, and postsurgical adjuvant therapy. Aim of the Study: This study aims to know the role of computed tomography (CT) scan and colonography in assessing the circumferential involvement of colonic carcinoma required for differentiating the stages of colonic carcinoma. Materials and Methods: A total of 41 patients with colonic carcinoma were investigated with CT scan and colonoscopy to assess the circumferential involvement of the tumor to stage the disease. The final pathological and surgical staging was used as a reference to determine the accuracy of the investigating tools. Observations and Results: Among the 41 patients, 32 (78.04%) were males and 08 (19.51%) were females. Patients aged 40–50 were 09 (21.95%), aged between 50 and 60 were 19 (46.34%), and aged between 60 and 70 were 13 (31.70%). The mean age was 56.34 ± 3.10. The laboratory investigations of serum carcinoembryonic antigen showed <3.5 ng/mL in 03 (%), 3.5–7.0 ng/mL in 11 (26.82%), 7.0–10 ng/mL in 17 (41.46%), and >10.0 ng/mL in 10 (24.39%) patients. Colonoscopy showed T1 lesions in 3 (7.31%), T2 lesions in 09 (21.95%), T3 lesions in 14 (34.14%), and T4 lesion in 05 (12.19%) patients. Conclusions: This study showed colonoscopy and CT colonography together have an overall sensitivity of 92.68%, thus has an important role in the diagnosis of colonic carcinoma. Especially, the accuracy helps in staging of T2 and T3 tumors facilitating the choice of treatment.


Based on the generalized coherent potential approximation,self-Energy and density of states and mean free path of metamaterial in cut-wire Structure is determined using the Green Function when metamaterial is put into the reference medium.Density of states function is function of eref and μref of the reference medium.By constantly changing eref and μref of the reference medium,density of states is maximized and then the effective parameters and quality are determined.


The article raises the question of legal ways to protect women's reproductive rights when committing an artificial termination of pregnancy by gender. Selective abortion is a social disease that has a long history and is still relevant today. A review of the issue began with a study of the occurrence and development of this phenomenon in Russia and foreign countries. In addition, the causes and consequences of elective abortion are clarified, and ways to deal with them are investigated. Also proposed are measures to improve this situation in Russia and the world.


smelt slightly of it. hIis clothes were damp in several places from some of the acid having been spilt on them, and there was a very small qualntity of vomit on his beard and clothes. Some mustard and water had been given to him, part of which, I was informed, he had swallowed. As there was not any ammonia in the house, I ran out for some, and, on my return in about two minutes, found that the heart's action had ceased, whilst the breathing was irregular and gasping, and continued so for about two minutes, when he ceased to live. I applied the ammonia to the nostrils, and poured a little mixed with water into his mouth, but it was not swallowed. He lived altogether, as nearly as I can judge, about eight or nine minutes from the time of taking the poison. Directly after death, I searched his clothes, and found in his breast coat-pocket an ounce-bottle labelled " Acid Hydrocyanic (Scheele's)", quite empty, stoppered, pressed down to the bottom of the pocket, evidently with the intention of preventing it from falling out, and covered with a pocket-handkerchief, also firmly pressed down. The limbs were relaxed for some time after death; indeed, I was unable to ascertain when rigor mortis first set in. At the inquest, the following evidence was given. He had been drinking largely of brandy for some days, so as to become very irritable and excited. About 9 P.M., he was so violent that his wife and daughter went to the front gate to seek for protection, as there was no other male person in the house besides D. A. He followed them to the front door of the house, which is about five yards from the gate, and remained there some minutes; then walked down the steps, five in number, passed by them into the street, and walked steadilv for a distance which I subsequently measured and found to be just over thirty yards. They watched him whilst he walked this distance, and are quite sure that he never raised his hands to his mouth ; indeed, on the contrary, he kept them down during the whole time. Having got as far as opposite to the middle gate of a house two doors off (they are double-fronted houses, with side-gates), he suddenly fell on one knee, the trouser-leg of which was cut, and then on his face, without making any struggle or effort to save himself. Two gentlemen, who saw him fall, raised him up and carried him to the house, and were quite certain that he never struggled. His daughter also stated that, as he passed her, she noticed a very strong smell of prussic acid. I made a post mortemt examination two days afterwards. The body was pale and the countenance composed; indeed, it became so within a few minutes after he died. There was not any smell of acid in the room; but, immediately on opening the peritoneum, a strong smell of the acid was observed by myself and the gentleman assisting me; more so, indeed, than on opening the stomach. I removed the stomach from the body before opening it, and took it away for examination, when I found it considerably congested, many of the vessels being enlarged and full of blood. The heart was slightly fatty and relaxed, the lungs dark and emphysematous, and the liver soft and degenerated. A few drops of blood only escaped during the necropsy, as I did not open the large vessels. As other engagements prevented me from analysing the contents of the stomach that day, I was obliged to defer it until the next, which was more than tw6 and a half days after the taking of the poison. On filtering a little of the fluid contents of the stomach, I could not detect the acid either by smell or by chemical tests; but, on distilling the remainder, I obtained a quantity equal to about two minims of Scheele's acid. The stomach contained only about two ounces of a thick fluid and a few pieces of candied fruit, and did not smell of brandy or any other spirit.


Tanggal masuk 24-05-2019 This study aims to evaluate ethical environment may moderate the negative effect of Machiavellianism towards accountants' ethical decision making. Questionnaires are distributed to accountants work in various company in Jakarta. The study finds accountants with High Machs are more likely to take unethical actions, while corporate ethical values (CEV) may encourage accountant to act more ethically. However, CEV does not reduce the negative effect of Machiavellianism towards accountants' ethical decision making. Tanggal revisi 07-07-2019


In this paper, a solution is given to the problem of dead-beat ripple-free tracking for a multivariable multirate sampled-data system. The solution of such a problem is reduced to the solution of a dead-beat tracking problem for the corresponding discrete-time periodic system by introducing an additional requirement of dead-beat control for the control input of the multirate sampled-data system. The conditions for the problem solvability include the existence of a continuous-time internal model of all reference signals in the continuous-time plant. The design procedure of the periodic discrete-time compensator reduces to the design of a dead-beat periodic controller.


Smart parking can be used as a component of smart cities or practically in any kind of city. It aims to improve the efficiency and sustainability of urban transportation systems by using technology to manage parking resources. This article provides an overview of the different components of smart parking systems. We talk about different sensors, data analysis, occupancy detection, and dynamic pricing used in smart parking systems. This work demonstrates the challenges and opportunities of implementing smart parking in different cities. Additionally, the paper provides the flow of data within these systems. The article concludes with a consideration of the future of smart parking and its role in the overall development of smart cities.


In this paper, an investigation of the effects of the carrier frequency offset(CFO) and a frequency estimator for Carrier Interferometry Vector Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (CI-VOFDM) systems is proposed. The derivation of the proposed estimator is based on the principles of nonlinear least squares and phase difference. The simulation results show that the BER performance of the proposed system outperforms the precodedOFDM, and achieved a low PAPR compared to the conventional OFDM system.


Abstract Although the health of rivers is threatened by multiple anthropogenic stressors with increasing frequency, the impacts of different types of industrial pollution with regard to the structure and diversity of the bacterial community in the river have not been fully recorded. In order to study the composition and interaction of bacterial communities and co-occurrence patterns of bacterial communities in rivers polluted by different industries, we sampled the sewage outfalls of textile factory, food manufacturer, steel plant and lighting factory. The result showed that the bacterial community composition significantly differed in the rivers polluted by distinct types of industrial pollution. In addition, correlation-based network analysis showed that the microbial under different industrial pollution types have a nonrandom modular structure, and the nodes in the different modules perform different functions. In summary, adaptive changes in the composition of bacterial communities in rivers and the occurrence of species interactions are responses to different types of industrial pollution.


An in‐vitro perifusion system was used to investigate GnRH release from fetal (21–23 weeks gestation) human hypothalami in response to dopamine (DA) and the DA receptor antagonist haloperidol. Administration of 1 μmol/l DA during five perifusions in which 1 μmol/l haloperidol was added to the medium failed to alter basal GnRH release. In contrast DA evoked a rapid and sustained 95·8 ± 20·3% increase (P > 0·01) in GnRH release during five matching perifusions with medium containing the α‐adrenergic antagonist phentolamine. While exposure to 0·01 μmol/l DA failed to alter basal GnRH release during three perifusions, 0·1 μmol/l DA elicited a 145·7 ± 65·2% increase (P > 0·05) in GnRH release in three matching perifusions, indicating a dose‐dependent effect. These studies demonstrate that DA can stimulate in‐vitro release of GnRH from the mid‐gestation fetal human hypothalamus by a DA receptor mediated mechanism.


As a result of analysis on situations of environment-friendly school meals, it was obtained that student"s parents were interested in food safety and the importance of sanitary supervision. Many parents responded that environment-friendly school meals increased the health and eating habits of their children. The higher and higher educated parents responded that environment-friendly school meals effected on the children's health positively. Also, the higher educated parents responded that environment-friendly school meals effected on the children's eating habits positively. After the environment-friendly school meals, the item increase to purchase was vegetables by 25% of the consumers who purchase environment-friendly agri-products. The second and third increasing items were respectively fruits and rice. When environment-friendly agri-products were consumpted and influenced positively through school meals, the consumption of environment-friendly agricultural products will be increased. The expansion of environment-friendly school lunch program cannot bring the consumption expansion of environment-friendly agri-products immediately. However, when the persistent promotion and student"s parents confidence on environment-friendly agri-products were accumulated and experienced positive effects through school meals, it will give a positive effect on the consumption of environment-friendly agr-products.


An Unna's paste bandage has been conventional for the treatment of varicose eczema and ulceration for years. With the advent of elastoplast applied in the Dickson Wright method, its use, which was messy, has contracted, but it has continued to be used by those who knew its merits, and also as an alternative dressing for the appreciable percentage of patients intolerant to elastoplast. Thus Unna's paste maintains its usefulness although on a diminished scale. The purpose of this article is to describe the use of Unna's paste on areas of the body other than the leg, and to make a plea for its wider adoption. It has been used steadily by the writer since 1938 and the accumulated experience confirms its effectiveness. It has been successful practically wherever it has been applied. Amongst its virtues is that of almost consistent acceptability to patients, it seldom irritates the skin like elastoplast, it is a good dressing for wounds of all description, the skin heals rapidly under it. It requires to be changed only at long intervals, repeatedly it has been on for four to twelve weeks. The semi-stiff semi-waterproof elastic dressing protects against soiling, buffers ordinary wear and tear, is a splint; and it keeps the part warm, the last being an overlooked therapeutic agent. Apart from promoting healing, it is time-saving and economically satisfactory. It has been applied beneficially to burns and scalds, to boils, carbuncles, whitlows, abscesses, granulating wounds, to ulcers, skin grafts and to contused indurated parts.


Personal perception as a fundamental factor on consumer buying behaviour especially on online shopping, triggered by internet access all over the world. In Indonesia personality aspect becomes a key factor regarding new technology adoption. Big internet user not yet automatically increased the use of e-commerce. Indonesia has big potential market for e-commerce. Unfortunately, the e-commerce user in Indonesia is still 12% from total internet user in Indonesia. It is very important to find factors i.e. Trust (T) and Habit (H), which affects the use behaviour of e-commerce. This study aims to  find out the perfect model that fits the use behaviour of e-commerce in Indonesia. In this study,we conduct literature review and primary data survey. Statistical result is analysed using war Partial Least Square (PLS) with 547 respondents from 4 e-commerce providers user. We found that T (Trust) and H (Habit) have positive influence on Behaviour Intention (BI), BI positive influence on Use Behaviour (UB) e-commerce. Based on the results, we build a fit model and validate the data regarding e-commerce user behaviour. The fit model is expected to guide provider to find the key success factor in e-commerce business in Indonesia and are expected to become an innovation and important factors as an academic contribution. Based on these results we recommend operator to build good perception regarding Habit (H) and Trust (T). Keywords: Habit; Trust, Behavior Intention, Use Behavior


Available, clean and reliable tidal energy exists in a vast area. It can also be presented to many cities and societies living near the coast. It can be used as a clean energy for coastal areas of the world, including isl ands and southern coasts of Iran. Furthermore, it's applied in environmental issues to regenerate the coastal corals. Kinetic energy of the tide is converted to electricity by various turbines. In this paper different methods of energy exploitation from tidal currents and also the tides of southern coast of Iran are investigated and compared with each other. Besides, we study the production of helical turbine which has several advantages and also investigate the results and technical feasibility study for construction of the energy exploitation station in south of the country. As final results demonstrated, construction of the station for electricity generation in Persian Gulf is necessary. generate 240MW electricity. The average height of tide is 8.5 in this location. The river's area is almost 13679 m 2 . Approximate current is 2 billion m 3 and maximum predicted energy of that is 7734 billion Kilowatt hour per year from which just 6% is exploited in practice. The produced energy is 80000 and 1450000 Kilowatt hour per day in neap and spring, respectively. Spring to neap ratio is 18:1. The average of both situations is 500 billion Kilowatt hour per year. Electricity generating via this method is cheaper than oil, coal or even nuclear energy. The tidal current in Passamaquoddy in downer part of the Bay of Fundy in New Brunswick, Canada is also one of the important places for energy exploitation from the tide. The average tide height in this place is 5.5m. Tidal current is almost about 21 billion m 3 per cycle. Approximate area of this bay is about 228500 m 2 and around 3.5% of estimated maximum energy is exploited. Its design finally has been obtained after having been studied by a committee between 1956 and 1961 (3). Moreover, in Iran, a few studies about velocity and tidal current have been done in universities. Vahdat Torbati carried out a study under the title of "studying and investigating the velocity profile of tidal currents in strait of Hormoz" in winter of 1999 in which she investigated the velocity and tidal current flux and also the characteristics of the tide in different places like river mouths and firths. Another study about tidal currents under the title of "studying the tide and tidal currents in mouth of rivers mond and dalki" has been presented by Gholami in Boushehr Province in winter of 2006 in this university. Also, in part of this study, investigation and reasons of the tidal currents have been pointed out. Besides, in spring of 2006, Ali Mohammadi, a student of this university, has investigated "the height of the tide with storm surge in Chabahar".


The aim of this study is to determine the effects of different slaughter age and gender on some meat quality characteristics, texture and sensory analysis values in quails. For this purpose, carcasses of Japanese quails of different sexes and different slaughter ages (4 and 8 wks ) were obtained from a private enterprise. These carcasses were brought to the laboratory under the cold chain. Analyzes were performed 24 hours after slaughter. Colour, cooking loss and texture analysis were performed on the left side of skinless breast meat in carcasses. pH and electrical conductivity were determined in the right part of breast meat. Leg meats were used for sensory analysis. While the gender factor created a significant difference in the pH value (p


The word construction comes in light then we can say that it is a way of assembling, altering or building anything. In Construction several types of material are used like bricks, sand, cement, wood, steel and so on. Construction industry is a kind of process industry that manufactures the buildings, bridges, roads, hospital, commercial buildings, cinema hall, etc. Construction industry plays a big role in the development of a country. If we want to check the development of any country we can find this out very easily by its construction & development, because the level of country's development is reflected by its infrastructure. The infrastructure is in the form of roads, airports, buildings, commercial buildings, offices etc. As we know that construction industry is the most hazardous industry, almost daily an accident occurs on site. Hazards in construction industry are fall from height, falling of material, failure of lifting appliance, scaffolding collapse, soil collapse, vehicle struck, electric fire, unwanted material stacking at height, ergonomic effect and temporary structure failure. In this project we are using job safety analysis (JSA) methodology to control risk factor in construction industry mainly we are using JSA for this high risk activity. In JSA methodology three main components are there Job steps : in job steps the risky activity steps are splits in to parts and we dictating every steps of an activity due to this steps we split the risk and after that, Hazard identified : in job steps how to do that work activity and in this activity hazard is identified just because of their nature and we calculate the hazard, Control measures: after that we control the hazard by the control technic and control activity to reduce the hazard. In these project can apply JSA in different type of construction activities like tower crane erection, height work (form work), slab concreting, manual material handling due to job safety analysis methodology we control the high risk in construction industry. after that from this activity we are implemented them on construction site and calculate data from last five years than the accident ratio decreases and implemented the high risk activity covers by edge protection and fall protection system (ex. edge protection hard barricading, life line, floor opening close for fall protection system we are using full body harness, fall arrestor, safety net).


Chinese literature proportion is increasingly of common concern with the update of the concept of Chinese curriculum and the increase of literary works in Chinese teaching materials.The author attempts to reveal the deficient scientific recognition of instructional principles in literary education,which is reflected in the imbalance between the natures of "instrument" and "humanities" in implementing the new curriculum.Principles and disciplinary nature,thus,should be integrated in Chinese instruction in order to reach the ultimate goal of the course.


The last issue of Energy World (October 04) included a news item: 'UK need to invest in energy storage to make clean power work'. Here the originator of that story John Baker of EA Technology, provides a more considered overview of energy storage technologies in use and under development around the world - and the wide range of applications (including alleviating the effects of intermittent renewable electricity generation) to which they can be put.


We report Mycobacterium chimaera pulmonary disease in 4 patients given a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in a university hospital in Montpellier, France. All patients had M. chimaera–positive expectorated sputum specimens, clinical symptoms of pulmonary exacerbation, or a decrease in spirometry test results that improved after specific treatment.


Zanthoxylum L.contains a variety of physiologically active substances which function as anti-bacterial,anti-virus,insect repellent,relief of pain and skin irritations,inhibition of platelet aggregation,anticancer and so on.Therefore,it has extremely high medicinal value and pharmacological research value.The physiologically active components,the current research of pharmacodynamic mechanism as well as the research progress in detail were summarized.The advice and suggestions in pharmacodynamic effects research to speed up the technology development were put forward.


In higher vocational colleges, how to protect and avoid intellectual property rights under the scientific and technological innovation has increasingly become an unavoidable problem. In fact, higher vocational colleges urgently need to improve and develop the intellectual property culture education. Through an questionnaire to 29 technical staff, experts or scholars, whose work are related to enterprises, governmental departments and academic institutions, this paper sorts out the key ability evaluation of intellectual property practice talents index,and uses the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) to determine the weight of each evaluation index. The results found that the intellectual property assessment ability, intellectual property litigation ability, core intellectual property positioning capability are three important factors of the key ability evaluation practice of intellectual property talents. The results of this study could provide guidance in the practice of intellectual property talent selection,training for Vocational College of science and technology cooperation.


Part I. Molecular Diagnostic Applications for Emerging Infections Molecular Methods for Pathogen Identification Genotype Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance Nucleic Acid Sequencing Studies of Microbial Pathogens: Insights into Epidemiology, Virulence, Drug Resistance, and Diversity Part II. Selected Protocols for Emerging Infections Detection of Sin Nombre Hantavirus by Reverse Transcriptase-PCR Genus- and Species-level Identification of Ehrlichia Species by Using PCR and Sequencing Detection of the Agent of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis by PCR Detection of Rifampin Resistance Mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Dideoxy Fingerprinting PCR-Heteroduplex Detection of Rifampin-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Detection of Mycobacteria Resistance to Streptomycin and Clarithromycin Detection of Fluroquinolone Resistance Mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis PCR-RFLP Detection of Point Mutations in the Catalase-Peroxidase Gene (katG) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Associated with Isoniazid Resistance Detection of Enterococcal Vancomycin Resistance by Multiplex PCR Genetic Detection of the Streptococcal Pyrogenic Exotoxin Gene by PCR Detection of Cryptosporium Parvum by PCR Detection of Cyclospora


In this article it is investigated to what extent flexible employment at labour market entry negatively affects the early career of school-leavers in the Netherlands in the period 1986–2008. Additionally, the question is raised to what extent educational differences exist in this relationship. To answer these questions, Dutch panel data from the OSA Labour Supply Panel are analysed. The results correspond with previous findings from studies on other European countries, supporting the stepping-stone rather than the entrapment hypothesis. A flexible start in the Dutch labour market increases the likelihood of repeated flexible employment and unemployment in the early career, and coincides with less occupational status development and income growth. However, the detrimental effects of flexible employment at labour market entry are only temporary and diminish after some years. Furthermore, no evidence is found for the existence of educational differences in the negative effects of flexible employment at labour market entry.


Human motion analysis is a central tool in rehabilitation, orthopaedics and many other disciplines. The standard in most of today's applications is motion capturing with optical markers and 3d camera systems. It is valued for its high accuracy, yet suffers from severe disadvantages in practice: it restricts the user to a small measurement volume, short measurement durations, wearing underwear only and is, moreover, rather sumptuous .


exchange catheter. The position of the endotracheal tube was verified by auscultation and capnography and the patient paralyzed before surgery was allowed to proceed. Anesthesia was maintained with oxygen, air, and sevoflurane. The surgical gingivectomy was uneventful and the patient recovered well. ISH shares many similarities with Juvenile hyaline fibromatosis (JHF) which is now believed to be a milder variant of ISH (2). JHF has a later onset and patients survive into adulthood. In previous reports of anesthetic management of JHF, Vaughn et al. reported a 13-month-old child whose trachea was intubated with the aid of a guidewire passed through the suction port of a fiberoptic bronchoscope (3). Norman et al. demonstrated that airway difficulties are likely to become more difficult in subsequent anesthetics as the disease progresses (4). Resistance to succinylcholine, but normal response to vecuronium have been observed in JHF (5). A variety of techniques has been described to manage the airway of patients with similar challenges. Gas induction is considered the safest method of induction while the airway remains unsecured. Depending on the nature of the procedure being performed, a laryngeal mask may be used to maintain the airway. However, insertion may be difficult because of oral and pharyngeal infiltration, or sometimes impossible if mouth opening is very limited. The nasal route can also be used. Norman et al. (4) used a nasal airway in one nostril to allow spontaneous ventilation and fiberoptically intubated the airway through the other nostril. There are limitations to the use of the fiberoptic intubating bronchoscope as it requires an anesthetist experienced in its use. Awake intubation is rarely practiced in young children. If the internal diameter of the tracheal tube required is less than the diameter of the bronchoscope available, it cannot be used to railroad the tube into the trachea. However, as we described, a guidewire can be passed down the suction port to avoid this limitation. In severe cases, it may be impossible to use any transoral technique to secure the airway. As reported by Seefelder et al. (5), it may be necessary in those situations to perform a fiberoptic-assisted nasotracheal intubation with the patient sedated but maintaining spontaneous respiration. Blind nasotracheal intubation may be an alternative to fiberoptic intubation. However, as with all nasal approaches, there is the possibility of bleeding and blind techniques may fail. Management options in case of failure of fiberoptic intubation are limited. An experienced pediatric ENT surgeon should be present to secure a surgical airway if required. This as well may be difficult because of limited neck mobility. Postoperative care requires attention. There may be an increased risk of airway obstruction particularly if postoperative analgesia is required. ISH can pose a serious airway challenge for the anesthetist. It is important to anticipate and to be prepared for a difficult airway situation. The choice of the anesthetic technique will depend on the experience of the individual anesthetist. However, it is essential that all appropriate equipment should be available and an experienced pediatric anesthetist and ENT surgeon are present for all such cases. Michael Pollard* Eshan M. Ollite* Robert W.M. Walker† *Specialist Registrars in Anaesthesia, North West Deanery, UK and †Consultant Anaesthetist, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK (email: email@example.com)


A broadband ultra‐thin metamaterial absorber (MA) with a multilayer structure is proposed. The G‐type metal layer (GTML) and the square ring metal layer (SRML) are attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate. Its bandwidth is determined by the high frequency resonant point f𝐻0 and low frequency resonant point f𝐿0 generated by GTML and SRML. The MA with unit size of 19 mm × 19 mm × 8.6 mm was simulated, manufactured and measured. The results show that the bandwidth of the structure can cover 2.89–8.06 GHz, and the relative bandwidth is 94.43%. Compared with other structures, the total thickness of the element is only 0.083λL, where λ𝐿 is the wavelength at 2.89 GHz.


The sense of touch codes the detection and properties of physical objects on the body via mechanoreceptors within the skin. Technological advancements, such as ultrasonic haptic devices, are now able to 'touch without touching', claiming this is virtual touch. An initial aim of the study was to investigate subjective intensity and pleasantness ratings of ultrasound stimulation and the influence of top-down factors using the Touch Experience and Attitudes Questionnaire (TEAQ). Self-reported intensity and pleasantness ratings were measured in response to ultrasound stimuli. A second aim was to record from individual low threshold mechanoreceptors using the technique of microneurography in an attempt to determine which mechanoreceptors are activated by ultrasound stimulation of the skin. The major findings here were that microneurography found SAI and SAII units did not respond to ultrasound stimuli; intensity and pleasantness ratings were significantly different between age groups. Ultrasound can produce a variety of sensations with varying intensity and pleasantness ratings. A limitation of the study was the unexpected force difference generated between modulations. These findings have implications for mid-air haptics, somatosensory affective research, and virtual reality. Future research should focus on microneurography investigation of FA fibre responses to ultrasound.


This paper investigates the problem of delay-dependent robust Hinfin control for uncertain singular systems with time-varying state delay. The considered systems are not necessarily assumed to be regular and causal. In terms of linear matrix inequality (LMI)approach, a delay-dependent stabilizable criterion is given to ensure the nominal system to be regular, impulse-free and stable. Based on the criterion, the problem mentioned above is solved via state feedback controller, which guarantees that, for all admissible uncertainties, the closed-loop system is not only regular, causal and stable, but also satisfies a prescribed Hinfin performance condition. Some numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the efficiency and less conservition of the proposed methods in this paper.


The adoption of social identity theory (SIT) by organizational behavior researchers has been rather fruitful. Recognizing that organization identification is a special case of SIT has allowed a vast, mature literature to be applied to organization topics. SIT was born out of Tajfel's (1979) remarkable experiments demonstrating that even the slightest priming of group membership leads to prejudice. "Blue eyes, a preference for the paintings of Wasily Kandinsky over those of Paul Klee, and calling some people overestimators and others underestimators were sufficient to produce a preference for fellow group members and to elicit discrimination against outsiders" (Huddy, 2001:132). SIT has itself been extended with self-categorization theory, which focuses on the cognitive aspects of identification (Turner, 1987). The two theories have since grown nearly indistinguishable from each other and will essentially be treated as one throughout this paper.


The present invention relates to a detergent system comprising at least one solid detergent composition in the form of a tablet and at least one liquid or gel filled water-soluble pouch composition packaged together in a water-insoluble film wrap. The system of the present invention allow for maximum detergent efficacy and formulation flexibility while minimising the material and/or equipment costs associated with such a system.The present invention also relates to a method of cleaning in an automatic washing machine said method comprising adding at least one solid detergent composition in the form of a tablet and at least one liquid or gel filled water-soluble pouch composition to the machine and then cleansing in the normal manner.


Abstract An expression has been derived for the diffusion coefficient in terms of the interatomic potential, the pair distribution function and the selfcorrelation function in a liquid. By making use of an earlier result for the time-dependent pair distribution function, which includes correlation in the relative motion of two atoms, the expression has been made applicable to any type of interatomic core potential. In particular it will be useful in a liquid metal where a relatively soft core is a generally accepted feature of the effective interionic potential.


The energy industry is witnessing massive growth due to increase demand of power, hence the business enterprises, stakeholders and governments are focusing in implementing novel measures so as to enhance the overall efficiency of operations. The implementation of various technologies in the grids supports the energy providers, users and others in enhancing the efficiency of operations, identify the areas of latency, enable in deploying the resources effectively for better future. The application of smart grids in the energy sector is replacing the traditional and outdated grids, this has enabled in implementing smart meters, enhance the free flow of large volume of data and information. These data re collected using BDA models for analysing the current pattern and forecast the future requirements based on the growing needs and requirements. Hence, this offers different opportunities that are associated in sustainable development and energy management in critical way. It has been noted that the academic practitioners stated that the implementation of big data analytics support the energy companies, users and others to optimise the usage of smart grids, enable in supporting the application of renewable energy sources, also involve in understanding the latency classification and identification, supporting in power quality monitoring and forecasting the pattern for better capacity planning. These aspects tend to support in augmenting overall nature of energy management and support in better growth and development. This study focuses in using the primary data sources in collecting the data from the respondents to understand the overall impact of BDA in enhancing the paradigm of energy management for sustainable development. The researchers intend to use secondary data source for presenting comprehensive understanding on the chosen area of study.


The present study aimed to determine the effects of different storage materials and storage period on some hatchability traits of Japanese quail (Cotumix cotumix japonica) eggs. A total of 32 male and 102 female quail (twelve weeks of ages) were housed in multiple-bird cages. Eggs laid were divided into three groups with respect to the period of storage (I = 1 st , 2 nd and 3 rd days, II = 6 th , 7 th and 8 th days, III = 12 th , 13 th and 14 th days) prior to incubation. A total of 816 eggs was stored in 3 different storage environments during each storage period (B = no use of any storage material, P = use of perlite, H = use of hay) and kept in environmental conditions, where the temperature was 21°C and relative humidity was 75%, prior to incubation. Statistical analyses were performed after the exclusion of values pertaining to non-fertile eggs (190 eggs) from the data set. The fertility rate of the eggs in the experiment was 76.7%. In the present study, the influence of storage material and different storage periods on egg weight loss were found to be statistically significant (p<0.01). Upon the comparison of hatchability of fertile eggs values, the influence of storage material was determined to be significant (p<0.05), and the influence of storage period was demonstrated to be significant (p<0.01). The storage materials used were determined not to have any influence on early and late embryonic death rates. Perlite was concluded to be safe for use in the storage of hatching eggs. The extension of the storage period (more than 8 days) resulted in decreased hatchability values of fertile eggs in each group.