This chapter aims to reconstruct the facts responsible for the end of the so-called Neo-Elamite Period II. Assyrian annals give the impression that Ashurbanipal's campaigns against the king Ummanaldash sufficed to destroy the Elamite kingdom. The chapter offers a more nuanced reading of the last days of Ummanaldash's reign. The capture of Ummanaldash was the final straw that broke the back of Elamite resistance. The chapter points out the dynamics present in Elam that author believe brought to an end Ummanaldash's kingdom. It analyzes the Neo-Assyrian royal inscriptions. The chapter discusses some neo-Babylonian letters dated to this period. It summarizes the phenomena responsible for the downfall of Elam. The end of Ummanaldash's reign can be attributed to the combination of three major factors: the destructive royal campaigns, the subversive activities of Assyrian officials, and the internal instability and tensions in Elam. Keywords:Ashurbanipal's campaign; Assyrian annals; Babylonian letter; Elam; Neo-Assyrian royal inscriptions; Ummanaldash kingdom


Objective: The aim of the study was to carry out the preliminary phytochemical investigation and to evaluate the inhibition of Daboia russelli venom‑induced myonecrosis by root extract (RE) of Coix lacrymajobi. Methods: The roots of C. lacrymajobi were subjected to differential extraction by soxhlet extraction using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol. The resultant extracts were subjected to the preliminary phytochemical investigation to identify the different chemical groups present in the extracts. Myonecrotic activity was conducted, to assess the ability of ethanolic RE to inhibit the myonecrosis induced by D. russelli venom in rats. Results: The preliminary phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of triterpenoids, resins, steroids and fixed oils in petroleum ether extract, flavonoids, triterpenoids, saponins and fixed oils in chloroform extract and alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids, glycosides, resins, saponins, steroids, and tannins. Ethanolic extract was found to have maximum number of phytochemicals, and hence, it was used for further study. The ethanolic RE significantly inhibited the myonecrotic activity at dose level 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. Conclusion: The screening of phytochemicals presents on the different fractions of the RE was studied successfully. Supporting the use of roots by traditional healers, ethanolic extract successfully inhibited D. russelli venom‑induced myonecrosis in rats. Keywords: Coix lacrymajobi, Daboia russelli, Myonecrosis.


Public responses where identical T cell receptors (TCRs) are clonally dominant and shared between different individuals are a common characteristic of CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity. Focusing on TCR sharing, we analyzed ≈3,400 TCR β chains (TCRβs) from mouse CD8+ T cells responding to the influenza A virus DbNP366 and DbPA224 epitopes. Both the "public" DbNP366-specific and "private" DbPA224-specific TCR repertoires contain a high proportion (≈36%) of shared TCRβs, although the numbers of mice sharing TCRβs in each repertoire varies greatly. Sharing of both the TCRβ amino acid and TCRβ nucleotide sequence was negatively correlated with the prevalence of random nucleotide additions in the sequence. However, the extent of TCRβ amino acid sequence sharing among mice was strongly correlated with the level of diversity in the encoding nucleotide sequences, suggesting that a key feature of public TCRs is that they can be made in a variety of ways. Using a computer simulation of random V(D)J recombination, we estimated the relative production frequencies and variety of production mechanisms for TCRβ sequences and found strong correlations with the sharing of both TCRβ amino acid sequences and TCRβ nucleotide sequences. The overall conclusion is that "convergent recombination," rather than a bias in recombination or subsequent selection, provides the mechanistic basis for TCR sharing between individuals responding to identical peptide plus MHC class I glycoprotein complexes.


Energy coordination is an important requirement for stable operation of the multi-microgrid system. This paper presents a hierarchical control scheme based on multi-agent system(MAS) to cope with the problem of energy coordination of a multi-microgrid system. Based on java agent development framework(JADE),a layered multi-agent system framework is constructed,including distributed generation level,microgrid level,multi-microgrids level and distribution network level. The energy coordination process and optimization objectives are discussed. Depending on the properties of the agents' autonomy and collaboration,the system could ensure the energy coordination in a microgrid and among microgrids. An example of a typical multi-microgrid system is used to discuss the function of the agents and their interactions. The results verify the effectiveness of the hierarchical control scheme based on multi-agent system and its applicability for hierarchical energy management of multi-microgrid system.


Objective To investigate clinical manifestations, complications and treatment level of Pneumocystis pneumonia(PCP), in order to improve early diagnosis and effective treatment level. Methods Clinical data of 78 cases of AIDS patients combined with PCP who received treatment in our hospital from April 2008 to August 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Results 78 cases of patients exhibited varying degrees loss of appetite, fatigue and weight loss, 68 cases(87.2%) expressed as cough(nonproductive cough), 54 cases(69.2%) expressed as fever, and 34 cases(43.6%) expressed as shortness of breath. 22 cases associated with tuberculosis, oral fungal infections and Marneffei penicilliosis infection. X-ray prompted that 54 cases(69.2%) existed symmetry diffuse ground glass shadow around bilateral hilar. Chest CT showed that 62 cases(79.5%) existed diffuse cloudy or ground glass change. 26 cases(33.3%) had hypoxemia. The numbers of CD4 +lymphocyte were less than 200/μl. 73 cases(93.6%) were with anemia. 12 cases(15.4%) were with increased leukocyte.66 cases(84.6%) were with decreased leukopenia. After treatment, total efficiency rate was 87.2%, and 10 cases(12.8%) healed or dead. Conclusion Early diagnosis is key to treatment of PCP. Especially to the patients whose CD4 +T lymphocytes are less than 200/μl, regardless of clinical symptoms, it is essential to take sulfamethoxazole for preventing the occurrence of PCP.


The observation group which can offer accurate position solution will not always offer accurate velocity solution.The traditional RAIM algorithm for position domain is used in the integrity monitoring of velocity domain,and RAIM availability enhancing algorithm by frequency bias for velocity domain is put forward.Thus,RAIM will much satisfy the integrity monitoring demand of navigation services for types of users.After the comparison of several models,triple-order polynomial and RDLS method are used in time and frequency biases' on-line prediction algorithm and the forecasting precision of clock bias is improved about 6 times.Thus,the limitation to crystal oscillator's coasting rate in conventional enhancing algorithms is overcome and time and frequency biases aided RAIM enhancing algorithms can be used broadly in types of navigation receivers.


Objectives: Surgical reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is essential for those who wish to resume athletic activity following ACL rupture. However, the trauma of surgical repair and post-operative immobility can exacerbate muscle loss and strength. This study investigated the effect of perioperative testosterone administration on lean mass recovery following ACL reconstruction in men. The effects of testosterone on leg strength and clinical outcome scores were also investigated. We hypothesized that testosterone would increase lean mass and leg strength, and improve clinical outcome scores 6 and 12 weeks after surgery to a greater degree than placebo. Methods: This was a randomized, controlled, double blinded clinical trial comparing testosterone and placebo for recovery from ACL repair. Thirteen male subjects scheduled for ACL reconstruction were randomized into two groups, testosterone (n=6) and placebo (n=7). Participants in the testosterone group received 200 mg of testosterone administration weekly for 8 weeks starting 2 weeks prior to surgery. Participants in the control group received a saline placebo intramuscularly following the same schedule. Both intervention groups underwent standard physical rehabilitation. The primary outcome was change in total lean body mass at 6 and 12 weeks, measured by whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Secondary outcomes were extensor muscle strength measured using a Cybex Dynamometer, and the Tegner Activity Score (TAS) and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS). Results: Total testosterone levels in the blood increased from baseline to an average of 860 ± 254 ng/dL by 1 day prior to surgery and 746 ± 173 ng/dL at 6 weeks post-surgery for the testosterone group. The differences in serum testosterone levels between the placebo and testosterone groups at 1 day prior to surgery and 6 weeks post-surgery were both statistically significant (p<0.001). We found that testosterone increased lean mass by 2.8 ± 1.7 kg from baseline at 6 weeks following surgery, while the placebo group had a decrease in lean muscle mass of 0.1 ± 1.5 kg (p=0.01) (Figure 1). Extensor strength of the non-injured leg had a greater increase from baseline in the testosterone group (20.8 ± 25.6 Nm) than the placebo group (-21.4 ± 36.7 Nm) at 12 weeks (p=0.02). There were no significant differences in injured leg strength or clinical outcome scores throughout the study period. Conclusion: Despite a catabolic environment, acute testosterone supplementation increased lean mass 6 weeks after ACL reconstruction, and strength of the non-injured leg 12 weeks after surgery, to a greater degree than placebo. These results suggest that testosterone may be a novel, useful adjunct to physical therapy for knee surgery rehabilitation by offsetting perioperative muscle loss from surgery and immobility. Larger studies are now necessary to elucidate the effects of perioperative testosterone administration on injured leg strength and clinical outcomes following surgery.


Although there is an abundance of theoretical approaches that serve as theoretical lenses of researchers in Ukraine nowadays, most of them focus on cognitive aspects of phenomena under study. However, any educational processes happen in certain contexts, which play an important role from the beginning until the very outcome or a fi nal product. Therefore, there is a need for a holistic theoretical approach that would embrace both cognitive and social aspects of the matter under study in a certain context. This presentation offers an introduction of an ecological perspective, which might be used as a theoretical framework and afford an in-depth understanding and analysis of the skill-centered education and preparation of professionals in Ukraine with an emphasis on and application in foreign language teaching and learning.


Several phenomena concerning multiple questions suggest that Slavic languages can be split in two groups. Rudin (1988) under the GB-framework, distinguishes those groups by means of a condition saying that multiple adjunction to the Spec of CP is not possible. We point out that several problems arise with that view, and propose that it is the (un)availability of Comp recursivity that discriminates such languages. It is the availability of Comp recursivity that accounts for the following facts: a) each preposed wh-element finds a landing site after movement (when no Comp recursivity exists, multiple wh-preposing will be understood as actually involving movement of a verbal projection to the Spec of CP); b) multiple wh-movement from inside an embedded clause is not possible (we give a Subjacency-based account once CP has been adopted as weak barrier); c) clitics have to appear to the right of the first wh-element. c) follows from further proposals about T in Slavic languages: a) it is generated above Agr; b) it is the landing site for clitics; c) it has to raise to C at SS, since it is an operator. The main burden of proof comes from Slovak, taken as paradigm of the Slavic group exhibiting Comp recursivity.


The volatile and semi-volatile aroma constituents of tobacco were analyzed by simultaneous distillation and GC/MS in order to compare the components changes in different conditions of the casing process.As a result,with the increase of the return air temperature,the content of acidic flavor components in tobacco was decreased,the neutral flavor components was increased,the basic flavor components was decreased first and then increased;with the increase of the rotative velocity of cylinder,the content of all flavor components was increased to some extent;with the increase of the hot air,the content of acidic flavor components was decreased,the neutral flavor components was decreased first and then increased,the basic flavor components was increased first and then decreased.Three technological parameters were optimized.The results showed that some extent technologrical conditions were reverting temperature 58 ℃,roller speed 35 r/min and hot wind 15 Hz.


Abstract In this article we present direct numerical simulations of stratified flow at resolutions of up to $204{8}^{2} \times 513$ , to explore scalings for the dynamics of stably stratified turbulence. Recent work suggests that for strong enough stratification, the vertical integral scale of the turbulence adjusts to yield a vertical Froude number, ${F}_{v} $ , of order unity at high enough Reynolds number, whilst the horizontal Froude number, ${F}_{h} $ , decreases as stratification is increased. Our numerical simulations are consistent with predictions by Lindborg (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 550, 2006, pp, 207–242), and with numerical simulations at lower resolution, in that the horizontal kinetic energy spectrum follows a Kolmogorov spectrum (after replacing the wavenumber with the horizontal wavenumber) and that the horizontal potential energy spectrum similarly follows the Corrsin–Obukhov spectrum for a passive scalar. Most importantly, we build upon these previous results by thoroughly exploring the dependence of the horizontal spectrum of horizontal kinetic energy on both the stratification and the relative size of the vertical dissipation terms, as quantified by the buoyancy Reynolds number. Our most important result is that variations in the power-law exponent scale entirely with the buoyancy Reynolds number and not with the stratification itself, lending considerable support to the Lindborg (2006) hypothesis that horizontal spectra are independent of stratification at large Reynolds numbers. We further demonstrate that even at the large numerical resolution of this study, the spectrum and hence the dynamics are affected by the buoyancy Reynolds number unless it is larger than $O(10)$ , indicating that extreme care must be taken when assessing claims made from previous numerical simulations of stratified flow at low or moderate resolution and extrapolating the results to geophysical or astrophysical Reynolds numbers.


This paper applies large-scale finite element software ANSYS and the module of LS-DYNA to establish the solid model of bucket teeth, and according to Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Method (SPH) establishes the soil constitutive model. Emulating the process that bucket teeth excavate soil of three different grade ruggedness coefficients obtains the stress and statistical value of bucket tooth point; Simulation results show that: the stress concentration of bucket teeth point is more serious. When the ruggedness coefficient is0.6< f <1.0, the corresponding maximum stress is 197 ~ 309MPa, which meets the strength requirement .The damage is caused by the fatigue failure.


In this paper, a liquid-metal self-phase-shift dipole array with beam scanning capability is proposed. The main part of this design is a two-element dipole array. The arms of two dipoles are made of liquid eutectic gallium indium (EGaIn) that can be shortened and lengthened in the capillaries by applying DC voltages. With the varying lengths, the self-impedance characteristics of dipoles are changed achieving the beam-scanning property. In order to enhance the directivity, two movable EGaIn parasitic elements which are served as director and reflector are loaded in two separated microfluidic channels. In addition, the electromagnetic band gap structures are employed between the two dipoles to reduced mutual coupling. The simulated results by CST Microwave Studior indicate that the radiation patterns can attain the scan angle from −21° to 21°.The simulated gains are stable at 7-8 dBi, and the isolation are better than 20 dB.


Use"health first"the new education thought is very physical education reform,USES the literature material law,the induction,etc,on physical education and health education and of the relation of sports teaching practice of\"health first\"guiding ideology goal ways of analysis research.Discusses the sports teaching implement\"the health first\"guiding ideology goal way,set up\"the health first\"guiding ideology,For practice and outstanding sports teaching health effectively develop,better adapt to the new century talents training needs,carries on the thorough discussion and research for colleague reference.


1. What are robots used in healthcare?
Areas within healthcare which are starting to use robots include: telepresence, rehabilitation, medical transportation, sanitization and prescription
dispensing. But we are most interested in collaborative robotics. We will be discussing the COBOT(Cordial Robot) applications. Most modern
healthcare robots are especially designed for their target applications.
2. Is it possible to use robotics in medicine?
Robotics in medicine can happen in many ways, here are some. Healthcare has been predicted as "a promising industry for robotics" for the past 45
years or more. Since as far back as 1974, researchers have been looking for ways to incorporate robotics into medical applications.
3. Is there a need for more surgery/telepresence/rehabilitation/medical transportation/sanitation and disinfection/medicine prescription
dispensing robots?
There is denitely a need for many more surgery robots, laparoscopic, endoscopic and nanorobots, as the technology allows more functionalities
with miniature propulsion mechanisms. M.A. Zenati, M. Mahvash, from the science of medical robotics, 2012.
4. How are medical robots used to treat patients, reduce contact, and cure pain?
Using the medical robots reduces the direct contact between the doctor and the patient, helps in reducing pain, by minimizing the need for more
medication and longer hospital stays, allowing the person to return home by the therapy sooner without any spread of infection.


Background: Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolically inherited disorder, caused by an abnormal function of the branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase complex in the mitochondria. Case Presentation: The proband was born after a full-term pregnancy and normal vaginal delivery, with a good Apgar score (8, 9 at 1 and 5 minutes) and the birth weight of 2.5 kg with ambiguous genitalia in the form of phallus-like structure (3 cm), the fusion of labio-scrotal folds and urogenital sinus. The third day after birth, the proband was lethargic and developed hyperkalemia and hyponatremia, which required intravenous fluid therapy and hormonal replacement with hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone. The treatment was based on the positive family history of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in an older male sibling. Laboratory tests, cytogenetic study, tandem mass spectroscopy, and surgery were performed for the affected individual (II-8) using standard procedures. The laboratory and the treatment revealed significant improvements. Follow-up tandem mass spectroscopy results were observed in the normal range. The affected individual was treated with prednisone (2.5 mg bid) and Florinef (Fludrocortisone) (0.1 mg OD). The subject had regular menses, while acne and hirsutism were not observed. Conclusion: We are reporting the first case of MSUD associated with CAH, 21-hydroxylase deficiency salt-losing type and suggest that glucocorticoids might have an important role in treating MSUD cases.


ropouts enter our communities undereducated. With bleak D prospects for success in the labor market, they are almost certain to become social liabilities and to face lifelong problems of unemployement and welfare dependency. Although educators are looking for interventions to reduce the number of school dropouts, we know more about who has dropped out, and why, than we know about effective school efforts to prevent students from dropping out. What schools can do to retain at-risk students is a persistent problem, but a greater challenge for educators is how to provide educational experiences positive enough to change the lives of these youths. From this perspective, the most important issue facing educators is that of developing a concept of schooling that will be attractive enough to hold these students, but effective enough to promote their learning and development. Attractive and effective schooling should offer something positive to both students and society. First, positive school experiences must negate the discouragement and alienation students have acquired through their previous formal education. Second, these educational experiences should avoid repetitive remediation in lowlevel basic skills and narrow vocational training. The reason for this is clear: acquiring these skills holds out so little promise of a rewarding future that a life on the street or on welfare seems preferable. Educators must find and implement ways to promote broad personal and social development as well as academic skills and knowledge. In the past, favorable conditions in the home, church, and community, have enabled schools to promote social development and positive citizenship in young people. Now, these previously favorable conditions are weak or nonexistent, and the school still is asked to intervene for the good of society. Certainly it does not appear that schools can escape this broader mandate. Educators recognize that a healthy society is tied to disadvantaged youths' gaining the skills and attitudes that will make them productive workers as well as effective parents and good citizens. The discussion of our model program begins with the problems inherent in constructing new school experiences for at-risk students and concludes with observations on positive applications of the model in several school systems.


A 5-year-old girl child was admitted with complaints of fever, nonbilious vomiting and anorexia. The child weighed 15.5 Kg and the height was 91 cm. On examination she had no dysmorphic features, moderate dehydration, pallor, icterus and a tender hepatomegaly of 3 cm. On investigation, the hemoglobin was 9.8 g/dl and total leukocyte count 14,500 cells/cu mm. Total bilirubin was 3.6 mg/dl with a direct fraction of 1.9 mg/dl, SGPT 272 IU/L, SGOT 198IU/L and alkaline phosphatase 338IU/ L. Serum was posiive for anti HAV IgM. The child received replacement fluids and electrolytes. An ultrasound of the abdomen was done two days later for persistant right hypochondnal pain and increased direct bilirubin of 3 mg/dl. It showed an enlarged liver with normal echotexture. The gall bladder was normal in size with a septum in between the body and fundus. This was confirmed by an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) (Fig. 1) which showed a normal papilla, pancreatic and hepatic ducts. The gall bladder was single and normally located with an incomplete septum. The child recovered in two weeks.


The analysis of the observational line-of-sight radial velocity field of molecular clouds, connecting with young stars, has strengthened the Fridman's hypothesis (1994) on the possible existence of anticyclone in the solar neighborhood. Anticyclones are located near corotation radius of the observed spiral arms, a number of which is equal to a number of vortices. Our calculations show that the four-vortices model fits observational data fairly well.


Abstract Copper single crystals and polycrystalline very-low-carbon steel (0.036 wt.% C) were fatigue loaded at low and very low amplitudes. The resulting dislocation structures and surface features were studied and the results correlated. Similarities of the face- and body-centred cubic materials as to the resulting dislocation and surface structures are outlined. In addition, the question of an eventual effect of the loading frequency on the resulting microstructural changes is shortly discussed.


This study shows the variation of the characteristics of a plasma bullet generated in impurity controlled working gas. Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy of metastable He atoms generated in the plasma bullet was performed. The metastable He atoms are generated in the plasma bullet and are quenched by impurities. The velocity and the size of the plasma bullet are derived from the arriving time and the shape of the rising phase of the absorbance. In addition, the impurity concentration was derived from the decay time of the absorbance. The impurity concentration in the working gas is controlled in a range of more than two orders of magnitude, and the impurity concentration reaches ppb level. We have observed the impurity dependence of the velocity and size of the plasma bullet. The velocity of the plasma bullet reaches a constant value and the bullet size dramatically increase below 20 ppm of the impurities. These results show the change of the propagation mechanism of the plasma bullet in the high purity working gas. In order to distinguish the plasma generated in the high purity gas from the standard plasmas, we would call it ultrapure plasma.


This article explores the ontological status of trees from a Whiteheadian panexperientialist viewpoint; it also explores how our relationship with trees affects who we are as human beings.


All,
I feel there is a great need to start sharing information about how Utahns will participate in the 2016 Presidential Primary, their local Caucus Meeting,


We outline the emergence of policy in England in the 1970s and 1980s designed to encourage the development of local initiatives for the prevention of alcohol-related harm. Findings from a survey of local initiatives undertaken in 1995–96 are presented and discussed in relation to an earlier overview of prevention activity undertaken in the 1980s. Difficulties in mapping the extent and nature of local preventive activity are discussed. Drawing on the wider literature on community development responses to alcohol and drug problems, some suggestions are advanced for the future of local action on alcohol in the next decade. In particular, multi-component, community-based programmes with a focus on harm reduction are recommended as part of a strategic response to alcohol problems.


. The purpose of this note is to obtain a modular refinement of Brauer's induction theorem for groups with an abelian Sylow subgroup.


Rural women enormously contribute to the family income through undertaking a number of agricultural activities and thereby achieving their socio-economic empowerment. Hence, the present study mainly aims at analyzing the socio-economic variables of rural women workers in terms age, marital status, educational qualification, experience, community, religion, family type, family size and family monthly income and contribution of women to family income for empowering in socially and economically.


This paper presents the development of an automatic system for the classification of tooth wear disease diagnosis. Abnormal detection, disease detection and classification of oral images are substantial in the clinical research. Automatic diagnosis of the oral disease helps the medical practitioner to make decisions easily about the diagnosis process. The diagnosis models can be analyzed with the multiclass classification approach. The multiclass Naive Bayes and Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier have been used for diagnosing the oral diseases and also their performance has been evaluated and compared. The experimental results are measured in terms of Sensitivity, Specificity, Precision, False Alarm and Accuracy which are considered as the performance parameters of classifier. Furthermore, our analysis proves that the SVM classifier achieves better result.


You can either teach preschool or the primary school. But you can also work as a care giver in the nursery and creche


The present study, firstly, puts forth a comprehensive and reasonable reliability assessing theory system directing at fuzzy layers and the incomprehensive factors of current distribution network. Next, the four major characteristics influencing reliability of the distribution system have been defined and research has been conducted on grade one and grade two as well as basic index involving those four aspects. Then, on those bases, this study constructs scoring standard of the basic indexes and determines the weighting relation in the same lay index, with the combination of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the comprehensive evaluation index system of distribution network reliability which closely related to actual situation has been put forward. Finally, the validity and practicability of the current method is verified by the analysis and evaluation of some distribution network's reliability.


This study analyzes the effect of the minimum wage, the gross regional domestic product and inflation on employment in Surakarta residency years 2006-2013. The analytical method used is the panel data regression. Panel data in this study is a combination of cross section data are seven districts / cities in karesiden Surakarta and times series for depalan years from 2006-2013. The results of this study indicate that the Fixed Effects Model (FEM) is the best model. Based on the regression results, together variable minimum wage, the gross regional domestic product and inflation mempengaruhipenyerapan labor in Surakarta residency years 2006-2013. Partially, variable minimum wage and inflation significant negative effect on employment, while gross domestic product regionally significant positive effect on employment.


AIM: To analyze the influence of different combinations and proportions of Danggui-Shaoyao-San′s ingredients in treating primary dysmenorrhea.METHODS: The dysmenorrhea mouse model was established by oxytocin.The ingredient compatibility was analyzed by orthogonal t design and the appropriate proportion relationship was researched by uniform design.The latent period and number of twisting body were recorded to evaluate the intensity of dysmenorrhea.The algomenorrhea effect was observed with the treatment of Danggui-Shaoyao-San or the combination of different ingredients in a prescription.RESULTS: The orthogonal t design experimental results showed the latent period was significantly prolonged by Paeonia lactiflora Pall.(B),Angelica sinensis Diels.(A) and Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.(C),the number of twisting body was decreased by B.Poria cocos Wolf.(D),Alisma orientalis Juzep(E) and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.(F) had no significant influence on the latent period and the number of twisting body.The uniform design results showed the indexes were fitted with regression equation,the data of each variable had mild surface effect,the proper proportion between A∶B∶C was 8.28∶13.3∶4.6 through surface analysis,and the above conclusion was proved.CONCLUSION: The influnce on twisting body in algomenorrhea mouse of B was obvious,while A,C take the second place,D E,F played auxiliary function.The study gave strong support to the original formula to put B in a very important position,and it was speculated that slightly modulating the proportion of ingredients might bring better effects.The orthogonal t design and uniform design are valuable methods in studying multi-ingredient formulae of traditional Chinese medicine.


Now the main problems are non-fairness and casualness in Chinese accounting policy choice,imperfection and inconsistency in related legal and regulation system,weak supervision in standard,and inability to reach the aim of overall optimization in effect.The government should further improve accounting system and principles,company governance structure,legal construction,enforcement and relevant legal responsibility of profit manipulating act,in addition,increase education of professional ethic and quality education.


Ecological, natural ways of obtaining energy for building cooling are becoming more and more popular around the world. Reducing energy demand and increasing the renewable energy use can be achieved for example by using radiative cooling. Depending on climatic conditions and the type of cooling system, radiative cooling is able to cover a part of refrigeration needs. The document presents the possible energy yield from using radiative cooling in systems operating at respective parameters in polish climatic conditions.


ABSTRACT This investigation utilized the Teale‐Lewis Reading Attitudes Scales (including Individual Development, Utilitarian, and Enjoyment subscales) and the Reading Behavior Profile to measure the self‐reported attitudes toward reading and current reading behaviors of 9th‐, 10th‐, 11th‐, and 12th‐grade students in a southern industrial community. The data revealed that the students in the three groups (gender, grade, and achievement level) exhibited positive attitudes toward reading on all three subscales of the Teale‐Lewis instrument, although they reported very low frequencies of current voluntary reading behavior. Generally the students in this study valued reading more for its contribution to their success in school than to their personal growth or enjoyment. Low levels of voluntary reading behavior suggested that high school students read principally for utilitarian purposes.


AbstractThe equilibrium phase diagrams of Al–Cr, Al–Zr, and Al–Cr-Zr, with particular reference to aluminium-rich alloys, have been critically reviewed. On the basis of these, and consistent with measured thermodynamic values, the binary systems have been thermodynamically characterized. Using these characterizations, phase equilibria have been extrapolated in the ternary, with the intention of augmenting the sparse experimental information concerning the equilibrium liquidus (0–10 at.%Cr, Zr) and solid solution range of aluminium in Al–Cr–Zr. Using the same parameters that define the equilibrium phase relationships, metastable phase relationships can also be extrapolated into the ternary.MST/418


The embodiment of the utility model provides a loudspeaker screen, which comprises a netted member and an integrally formed supporting member. The netted member is provided with a top which is in a circular shape, has meshes, and extends downwards to form a lateral wall with outward protrusions. The integrally formed supporting member comprises an exterior supporting member and an interior supporting member. The interior supporting member is provided with grooves and matched with the protrusions of the netted member through the grooves to fix the netted member. The exterior supporting member is fixedly matched with the interior supporting member. The embodiment of the utility model further provides a loudspeaker. The loudspeaker and the screen thereof are reasonable in structure design, higher in manufacture efficiency and lower in manufacture cost, and enable the manufacturing technology to be easier.


The review focused on the data concerning current state in the field of Compositae "hairy" roots and transgenic plants construction using A.tumefaciens - and A. rhizogenes -mediated transformation to obtain biologically active compounds, including recombinant proteins. The article presents data on the results of genetic transformation of Cichorium intybus, Lactuca sativa, Artemisia annua, Artemisia vulgaris, Calendula officinalis, Withania somnifera and other Compositae plants as well as studies on the artemisinin, flavonoids, polyphenols, fructans and other compounds accumulation in transgenic plants and roots. The data show that the use of biotechnological approaches for construction of "hairy" roots and transgenic plants with new features are of great interest. The possibility of increase in the accumulation of naturally synthesized bioactive compounds and recombinant proteins production via A. tumefaciens and A. rhizogenes-mediated transformation have been shown. In vitro cultivation of transgenic plants characterized by high level of bioactive compounds accumulation and synthesis of recombinant proteins makes it possible to obtain guaranteed pure raw material. Using of biotechnological approaches preserved natural populations of plants is particularly important for rare and endangered plant species. over-expression of CO gene does not accompany increase of artemisinin biosynthesis


The experiment was conducted to study the changes of endogenesis hormones in the top fourth leaf of cotton during seedling to full flowering stage,and analyze the relationship between hormones and different positions.The results showed: The content of IAA tended to be decreased in the early stage,but went up after the full flowering stage;The content of CTK presented the tendency of rising along with the growth of cotton;In flowering and boll developing stage,the content of GA3 tended to be dropped,and the variation trend of GA3 in leaves and in buds was opposite;There was a time difference between the peak value of ABA in leaves and that in buds.In leaves,the change tendency of each hormone ratio was similar to that of nutrient N and K in the squaring stage;In stems,there was a time difference between the change tendency of each hormone ratio and that of nutrient N and K;In flowering and boll stage,the change tendency of each hormone ratio was similar to that of N in nutritive organ,but was opposite to that of K.The content of P in cotton was not notably influenced by the changes of hormone ratio.


This article is devoted to the analysis of provisions of the civil procedural legislation devoted to rules of determination of territorial jurisdiction, and also the problems connected with establishment of powers of vessels of appeal and cassation instances at identification of violations of the rules of jurisdiction.


SYNOPSIS. In various ciliates the contractile vacuole is a permanent organelle, delimited by a differentiated cortex.

The cortex is made up of a dense reticulum of anastomosing tubules limited by a smooth membrane, and vesicles. This "spongiome" can be considered as a localized and specialized condensation of the endoplasmic reticulum.


The interplay of QCD in ∆S = 1, 2 non-leptonic weak transitions can be rigorously analyzed, at the inclusive level, by studying the 2–point functions associated with the corresponding ∆S = 1, 2 effective Hamiltonians. The next-to-leading order calculation of these correlators shows a huge (> ∼ 100%) gluonic enhancement of the |∆I| = 1/2 channel, providing a qualitative understanding of the |∆I| = 1/2 rule within QCD.


Bovine marrow stromal cells (MSC) would serve as a preclinical large-animal model for investigating the use of the adult pluripotent cells MSC for human cell therapies, but the information is limited. In this study, adipocytic differentiation was examined in bovine MSC at different passages (psg) after various adipogenic treatments, as the first step in characterizing the multilineage differentiation potential during an extensive culture. Bovine MSC were cultured from the femurs of 3-month-old Holstein calves using a previously described method with slight modifications (Xiang et al. 2001 Chin. J. Pathophysiol. 17, 598–601). The MSC at psg 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 (total cell culture periods of 10, 19, 34, 49, and 64 days, respectively, 4 × 103 cells cm–2) were cultured for 2 days post-psg. Previously, we found that most of mouse MSC became adipocyte-like cells after they were cultured with a base medium (DMEM, 4.5 g L–1 glucose, plus 10% FBS) containing horse serum (HS) for 5 weeks. Therefore, the bovine MSC at each psg (70% confluence) were then cultured in the base medium containing 0.1 μm dexamethasone, 0.1 mm 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, 0.2 mm indomethacin, and 10 μg mL–1 insulin [hormonal-mixture (HM) group], the base medium containing 15% HS (HS group), or the base medium (control group) for adipogenic induction. The cells were stained with oil red O after being cultured in the respective medium for 1, 3, or 5 weeks. In this study, all cells containing oil red O-stained lipid droplets (LD) were counted as 'oil red O-positive (OP) cells', regardless of the size and number contained. The rate of OP cells in each group was determined as follows. In the dishes, the total number of cells (60 to 100 cells) and OP cell number were counted in a randomly selected microscopic field (200×), and the rate of OP cells was calculated. A total of 10 random fields of view were examined, and the mean value was obtained for each group. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. In the HM group, OP cells were detectable about Day 7 and were clearly visible by 2 weeks. After 5 weeks, OP cell rates were significantly greater (P < 0.05) in the cells at psg 2 and 5 than in those at psg 10, 15, and 20 (71 and 70% v. 66, 63, and 64%). In the HS group, cytoplasmic LD was detectable about Day 10 and the number increased gradually by 3 weeks. After 5 weeks, OP cell rate was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in the cell at psg 2, 5, and 10 than in those at psg 15 and 20 (53, 57, and 51% v. 47 and 39%). Also, the size and number of LD in each cell tended to be lower in the HS group than in the corresponding HM group. In the control group, 4–5% of the cells were OP after 5 weeks. These results suggest that the ability of bovine MSC to differentiate into adipocyte-like cells decreased after long-term culture, and that horse serum was capable of inducing adipocytic differentiation of bovine MSC in vitro, but its efficacy was less than that of the hormonal mixture. Further studies to detect adipocyte-specific markers, such as G3PDH activity and aP2 expression, from these cells are needed for the quantitative analysis of the differentiation.


s: Haemonchosis have been recognized as a major constraint to both small and large-scale small ruminant production in developing countries. A crosssectional study was carried out in sheep and goats from November, 2015 to April, 2016 in BishoftuELFORA export abattor, with the objectives of evaluating the current status of Haemonchus contortus and the risk factors associated with the study area. The study animals were 845 small ruminants in which 425 male sheep's and 420 male goats slaughtered in BishoftuELFORA export abattoir. The study revealed that an overall infection rate was 63.4% and among the samples from sheep 296 (69.6%) and 240 (57.1%) from goats were detected positive for H. contortus with a statistical significant difference (P < 0.05) between the sheep and goat. The prevalence of haemonchosis in young and adult was 66.9% and 59%, respectively. There was statistical significance (P < 0.05) between age groups. There is no statistical significance (P > 0.05) among the body condition of small ruminants. In the current study, a high infection rate with H. contortus was observed in small ruminants during the study period affecting health of those animals and appropriate control measure should be instituted.


Various studies are conducted across topics and complement current needs. Writing an interesting research report reflects the quality of a study. According to Creswell (2003), a good study needs to be provided a systematic framework. Each study must set its own study design whether qualitative, quantitative or a combination of the two. Among the research methodology options by the researchers is quantitative because it is easy to obtain results based on numerical arguments. Consistent with the selected article, the methodology of quantitative research was chosen by the researcher, Adedeji (2007), in conducting a study related to motivation and its effect on the achievement of secondary school students in Mathematics in Nigeria with the use of questionnaires. Article review Adedeji Tella (2007). The Impact of Motivation on Student's Academic Achievement and Learning Outcomes in Mathematics among Secondary School Students in Nigeria. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education. 3 (2), 149 -156", this will discuss the criticisms and explanations related to the method of conducting the study and how to write the study report.


SETTING
In the developing world, early mortality within 1 month of commencing tuberculosis (TB) treatment is high, particularly with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection. In Malawi, 40% of those who die do so in the first month of treatment. Reasons remain unclear and may include delayed diagnosis, opportunistic infections, immune restoration inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) or malnutrition. One possible contributing factor is underlying hypoadrenalism associated with TB-HIV, exacerbated by rifampicin (RMP) induction of P450 and glucocorticoid metabolism.

OBJECTIVE
To assess the prevalence of hypoadrenalism in TB patients before and after commencement of TB treatment, and relationship with early mortality.

DESIGN
Prospective descriptive study assessing hypoadrenalism before and after anti-tuberculosis treatment, HIV status and outcome up to 3 months post-treatment.

RESULTS
Of 51 patients enrolled, 29 (56.9%) were female (median age 32 years, range 18-62). Of 43 patients HIV-tested, 38 (88.3%) were HIV-positive and 15.7% died within the first month. At 3 months, 11 (21.6%) were known to have died. Adequate cortisol levels were found in 49/51 (95.9%) before commencing RMP. Neither of the two with reduced response died. All 34 patients revealed adequate cortisol responses at 2 weeks.

CONCLUSION
No evidence of hypoadrenalism was found in this first study to assess adrenal function and outcome of anti-tuberculosis treatment.


Electroencephalography (EEG) in critically ill patients allows for monitoring of cerebral function when a clinical examination is limited because of altered mental status or coma. Continuous EEG (cEEG) has increasingly been used to monitor critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Implementation of cEEG in the ICU presents a unique set of challenges, requiring special expertise and a multidisciplinary approach.


This article reviews the literature on the various dimensions of culture to discuss the implications for student learning and the development of culturally responsive assessments. Using data from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88), the author examines the cultural context in which students live as a basis for understanding the effects of contextual influences (such as home, school, and community) and culturally relevant strategies on academic achievement by racial/ethnic groups. Overall, the analysis is useful not only for explaining the role of culture in teaching and learning but also for revealing its importance in the development of culturally responsive assessment instruments. Recommendations for future studies with a within-group and cross-cultural research design are proposed. In approaching the next millennium, it appears that the concerns for educational equity and excellence that have characterized the rhetoric of American schooling during the current century are destined to accompany us unto the next. Many advocates of these goals argue that schools must promote academic excellence and create the conditions necessary for all students to achieve it (Darling-Hammond, 1995; Kirst, 1984; Oakes, 1985). Though educational reform efforts addressing these issues are numerous and promising, widespread discussions about achieving both excellence and equity often minimize the relationship between the home, community, and school cultures. According to Gay (1995), what is needed is the incorporation of cultural pluralism in all aspects of the educational process, and curriculum design is a key function in this process. Thus, any discussion of education within a multicultural context must consider the implications of personal and cultural knowledge, values, and language for the learning process. Significant to this standpoint is the view that culturally responsive education must acknowledge the relevance of approaches that incorporate students, cultures into the curricular and instructional strategies used in schools (Au & Kawakami, 1994; Delpit, 1995; Ladson-Billings, 1994a, 1994b; Nieto, 1997). As Banks (1995) maintains, multicultural education is a broad concept encompassing many different dimensions. Any definition of multicultural education must wrestle not only with the question of what multicultural education is but also with the question of what it is not. This, however, is the terrain upon which social, political, and ideological struggles related to this concept are waged. These struggles have been most evident in the educational reform process. As a result, an understanding of the competing ideas about what students should know and what their intellectual capabilities might be is critical for proponents of multicultural education who are trying to mount any educational reform effort. Efforts to impact the standards movement present a similar challenge. Current standard-setting efforts involve states and major school districts in working together to articulate both content and performance standards as well as benchmark those standards against world-class achievement in mathematics (New Standards Project, 1993; Resnick, Nolan, & Resnick,1995). They also involve states (California, for example) in developing curriculum frameworks (Smith & O'Day,1991). Curriculum frameworks, school curricula, professional development, in-service professional development, assessment, a restructured governance system, and the implementation of a coherent instructional guidance system are often seen as necessary components of systemic reform. However, given the political nature of most educational reforms, additional aspects must be considered, such as: how equity issues become central to the agenda, what knowledge related to ethnic and cultural diversity should be taught in schools, how do cultural knowledge can be genuinely acknowledged, and how to draw on culturally specific norms that align with national standards. …


.................................................................................................................................. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... vi LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................... vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ...................................................................................................... viii BRIDGING ATTENTION ACROSS SPACE AND TIME: DO POSITIVE EMOTION GENERATED SHIFTS IN SPATIAL ATTENTION LEAD TO CHANGES IN ATTENTION ACROSS TIME? ..................................................................................................... 1 Experiment 1 ........................................................................................................... 5 Experiment 2 ......................................................................................................... 13 General Discussion ............................................................................................... 18 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................. 20


'J;he redox surface film of Prussian Blue (PR) is studied for its electrochemical properties in contact with I non-aqueous solutions in acetonitrile (ACN), dimethyl formamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulphoxide
i (DMSO). The Cyclic VoItammetric (CV) results are quite interesting as they tend to be irreversible in contrast to the behaviour in aqueous medium. Surface coverage from CV data showed an increase in the
order of H20> ACN > DMF > DMSO. A similar trend is reflected in the facile intercalationldeintercalation proceSSl::S of hydrated and solvated potassium ion computed from double potentia) step chronoamperometric studies. Diffusion coefficients and heterogeneous electron transfer rate constants are elucidated by processing I-t transients.


Since its founding in 1946 as the major actor in aerospace research in France, Onera has identified the strategic role of optical diagnostics of flows in aerospace development and has achieved recognized expertise in this field. In this first issue of Aerospace Lab, we will describe some recent or on-going developments in the field of optical diagnostics of flows at Onera.


This thesis conducts a narrative analysis on the current DPRK regime's strategic narrative on reunification, as it appears in articles published on the two Internet-based news platforms, KCNA (Kore ...


The purposes of the study were to find out the basic needs of rural people and to get some implications for the integrated rural regional development. The data were gathered from 376 local government officers and change agents in 8 Provinces. Major results of study were as follows ; (1) Average income of rural households meet present of average income of urban households. (2) Most of respondents replied that average labor inputs should not exceed hours per a day. (3) Basic requirement of school career for the rural life was high school graduate. (4) Education expenditure should be less then 6 percent of total consumption expenditure. (5) Rural people should be able to access to basic public facilities such as school, hospital and drag store within thirty minitues. (6) Desirable housing space for rural life was . (7) Rural people should enjoy times of cultural activities and times of tours in a year.


For efficient biodiesel production, an acid-activated clay (AC) modified by calcium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide (CaNa/AC) was prepared as a catalyst. CaNa/AC and Na/AC were characterized by Hammett indicators, CO2-TPD, FT-IR, XRD, and N2 adsorption techniques. The influence of catalyst dose, reaction temperature, methanol/oil molar ratio, and reaction time on the transesterification of Jatropha oil was studied. Due to the introduction of calcium, CaNa/AC displayed a higher activity and stability, thereby achieving an oil conversion of 97% under the optimal reaction conditions and maintaining over 80% activity after five successive reuses. The reaction was accelerated as the temperature rose, and the apparent activation energy of CaNa/AC was 75.6 kJ·mol−1. The enhanced biodiesel production by CaNa/AC was ascribed to the increase in active sites and higher basic strength. This study presents a facile and practical method for producing biodiesel on large-scale operation.


Based on the field experiment and research work carried out in the Ri Zhao dock in Shan Dong province,the mechanism of improvement of soft subgrade with the vacuum-surcharge preloading method is discussed.Results show that the vacuum preloading can increase the velocity of the settlement and consolidation,and cause more horizontal displacement of the soft subgrade.Thereby,the improved subgrade by the vacuum combined surcharge preloading is stabler than that only by the surcharge preloading.The effective improving depth is in the range of PVD,and the effective depth of vacuum combined surcharge preloading is determined by the stress of surcharge.


In acid media the reduction of pharmacologic ally active benzoyl substituted barbituric acids at a dropping mercury electrode gives the corresponding barbituric acid and, depending on pH, benzyl alcohol or 1,2-dibenzyl glycol as final products. In coulometric measurements with a mercury pool electrode a value of n equal to 4 is obtained both in 0TN-H2SC)4 and at pH 5-2. The polarographic wave in strongly acidic media corresponds to the uptake of 2 electrons whereas 4 electrons are consumed at pH 5-2. It follows both from this data and from the polarographic curves that an electrochemic ally inactive intermediate is the primary product which only in a chemical follow-up reaction yields benzaldehyde which can be further reduced. The rate of the follow-up reaction is pH-dependent. The polarographic behaviour of some benzoyl derivatives of barbituric acid was described in a previous paper1 but the investigations were carried out in buffered solutions only over a rather narrow pH-range from 5 to 7. It was established that during electrolysis at mercury electrodes a destructive reduction of the single C—N bond takes place. In this paper we present the results of an electrochemical investigation in acid media of the following substances: l-benzoyl-5,5-diethylbarbituric acid (N-benzoylbarbital) (I), l-benzoyl-5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid (N-benzoylphenobarbital) (II), l-benzoyl-3-methyl-5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituric acid (N-benzoylmebaral) [ III ), l-benzoyl-3-methyl-5,5-diethylbarbituric acid (N-benzoylgemonil) (IV), l-/»-chlorobenzoyl-5,5-diethylbarbituric acid (N-p-chlorobenzoylbarbital) (V), 1 -o-chlorobenzoyl-5,5-diethylbarbituric acid (N-o-chlorobenzoylbarbital) (VI), 1-acetyl-5,5-diethylbarbituric acid (N-acetylbarbital) (VII).


S OF MEMOIRS RECORDING WORK DONE AT THE PLYMOUTH LABORATORY UNTERSUCHUNGEN UBER DIE ElWEISSVERDAUUNG IN VIVO UND IN VITRO BEI EINIGEN GASTROPODEN By Greta Horstadius, geb. Kjellstrom, und Sven Horstadius Pubb. Staz. Zool. Napoli, Vol. 18, 1940, pp. 151-249 The digestion of proteins was studied in some marine Gastropoda, and the results that refer to work performed at The Marine Biological Laboratory, Plymouth, are as follows: In Hermaea dendritica phagocytosis was with certainty shown to occur in the 'liver' by feeding the animals with algae containing chloroplasts of different size (Bryopsis and Codium). In the ingested chloroplasts the characteristic starch reaction could be demonstrated. In Pleurobranchaea meckeli phagocytosis was proved with gold fibrin* as well as with carmin, in Archidoris britannica with gold fibrin (visible colloidal gold particles embedded in fibrin). In the carnivore Pleurobranchaea meckeli the juice in the crop hydrolyzed casein atpK 5-5, fibrin at 7, gelatin and pepton-Witte at 7. Glycyl-glycin was not hydrolyzed atpH 7-5. Extract of the digestive diverticula (liver) hydrolyzes the same substrates as the juice of the crop, and also glycyl-glycin. The strength of the enzymes in the crop shows during the first 10 hr. after feeding a maximum after 3 hr. The dipeptidases do not vary in strength. The juice is very active on Spritblaufibrin, but the extract is inefficient, although both of them hydrolyze casein and gelatine equally. S.H. RESTING AND ACTION POTENTIALS IN SINGLE NERVE FIBRES By A. L. Hodgkin and A. F. Huxley Journ. Physiol., Vol. 104, 1945, pp. 176-95 A technique for introducing micro-electrodes into the interior of a giant axon from Loligo is described. The axon was stimulated electrically and direct measurements of the action potential and resting potential were made with an amplifier and oscillograph. Experiments with external electrodes showed that the action potential was conducted for at least a centimetre beyond the tip of the micro-electrode and that the introduction of a micro-electrode had no effect upon the ability of the nerve to conduct impulses. The absolute magniABSTRACTS OF MEMOIRS 253S OF MEMOIRS 253 tude of the action potential and resting potential are given as about 90 and 45 mV. Measurements with external electrodes show that the action potentials of Homarus and Carcinus nerve fibres are also much larger than the resting potential. These results have an important bearing on theories of nervous conduction. They show that classical physiologists were right in thinking that electrical changes originate at the surface membrane of a nerve fibre, but were wrong in believing that the action potential arose solely from a breakdown of the preexisting resting potential. The experiments described in this paper were completed in 1939 but the outbreak of war delayed publication of a full account of the results until 1945. A.L.H. THE NEUROLOGICAL BASIS OF THE LOCOMOTORY RHYTHM IN THE SPINAL DOGFISH (SCYLLIUM CANICULA, ACANTHIAS VULGARIS). I. REFLEX BEHAVIOUR


Steels corrode in a wide range of environments that induce both overall and localized corrosion. For any type of attack, the behavior of carbon steel may differ significantly from that of low-alloy steels. The paper discusses the different types of corrosion briefly, then discusses the following in more detail: corrosion in aqueous solutions, atmospheric corrosion, localized aqueous corrosion and SCC, pitting corrosion, hydrogen damage, hydrogen blistering, hydrogen embrittlement, decarburization, microbiologically-influenced corrosion, and organic corrosives.


Background and Objective: The first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis reduced the ability of upper limb in elderly with subsequent disability in physical activities. This study was carried out to determine the effect of prefabricated and custom-made splints on quality of life in the first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was done on 24 elderly (>60 years of age) patients with the first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis and 12 matched healthy subjects in Tehran rehabilitation University during 2010-11. Patients assigned randomly in two groups with 8 weeks treatment period, prefabricated thumb and custom-made splints. Persian version of The Short Form 36 quastioner (SF36) was used to assess the quality of life. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16 and paired ttest. Results: There were significant differences between osteoarthritis patients and healthy subjects in the quality of life according to SF36 score physical health problem (P<0.05), general health (P<0.05), limitations of activities (P<0.05), emotional health problem (P<0.05), social activities (P<0.05), pain (P<0.05), energy and emotions (P<0.05). Using splints significantly improved the quality of life of patients, but there was no significant difference between two splints in improving the quality of life. Conclusion: Prefabricated and custom-made splint improve quality of life in elderly patient with the first carpometacarpal joint osteoarthritis.


Purpose of research. A reconfigurable computer system consists of a computing system and special-purpose computers that are used to solve the tasks of vector and matrix algebra, pattern recognition. There are distinctions between matrix and associative systems, neural networks. Matrix computing systems comprise a set of processor units connected through a switching device with multi-module memory. They are designed to solve vector, matrix and data array problems. Associative systems contain a large number of operating devices that can simultaneously process multiple data streams. Neural networks and neurocomputers have high performance when solving problems of expert systems, pattern recognition due to parallel processing of a neural network.Methods. An information graph of the computational process of a reconfigurable modular system was plotted. Structural and functional schemes, algorithms that implement the construction of specialized modules for performing arithmetic and logical operations, search operations and functions for replacing occurrences in processed words were developed. Software for modelling the operation of the arithmetic-symbol processor, specialized computing modules, and switching systems was developed.Results. A block diagram of a reconfigurable computing modular system was developed. The system consists of compatible functional modules and is capable of static and dynamic reconfiguration, has a parallel connection structure of the processor and computing modules through the use of interface channels. It consists of an arithmeticsymbol processor, specialized computing modules and switching systems; it performs specific tasks of symbolic information processing, arithmetic and logical operations.Conclusion. Systems with a reconfigurable structure are high-performance and highly reliable computing systems that consist of integrated processors in multi-machine and multiprocessor systems. Reconfigurability of the structure provides high system performance due to its adaptation to computational processes and the composition of the processed tasks.


The present invention relates to a solder ball supply unit, and the base portion; The solder ball trafficking is disposed above the base portion and the solder balls are accommodated; It is connected to the solder balls Trafficking The serial (direct) and driven to reciprocate in the solder ball trafficking vertical direction it relative to the base part, tray unit with which the solder balls contained In the solder ball trafficking sprung force in the vertical direction; Guide portions that guide the reciprocating path of the solder ball tray; It is configured to include, to provide a solder ball supply of solder balls in the solder ball attach to the suction hole of the Attach tool by being Bauer washing with a uniform height in a uniformly distributed state more than a short time without errors.


Materials with large non-linear optical properties are good candidates for applications in the fields of telecommunications, solar energy conversion, laser treatment and so on. In the present study, a crystal of Ammonium Dihydrogen Orthophosphate doped with Acridine Orange, possessing excellent nonlinear optical properties were grown by the slow solvent evaporation technique at 25°C using a constant temperature bath. Ammonium dihydrogen orthophosphate doped with Acridine Orange were synthesized in a large quantity via solution growth method using aqueous mixtures of Ammonium Dihydrogen Orthophosphate and Acridine Orange. The morphological characteristics were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy which revealed that the synthesized product possesses needle shaped microstructures. The mechanical properties are studied by Vicker's micro hardness test.


In this work, viscosity, density and electrical conductivity of the ionic liquid, Ethylimidazolium Nitrate pure and doped with lithium nitrate salt were determined in order to check the properties' improvement of the ionic liquid with the salt addition to consider these mixtures as potential electrolytes. Viscosity decreases exponentially as temperature increases, and increases with salt content, as expected. Density values decrease linearly as temperature increases and also increases with salt content. From electrical studies, an increase of conductivity with temperature and a decrease with salt concentration were observed. No significant differences between pure and doped sample were observed on Walden plots.


The intensification of flow and accelerated warming observed in the EAC is also seen in other Southern Hemisphere western boundary curre nt systems, driven by the strengthening and contraction south of Southern Hem isphere westerlies (wind), although regional responses mean rates of warming d iffer among systems. A range of species, including plankton, fish and invertebrates , are now found further south because of enhanced transport of larvae and juvenil es in the stronger EAC and the high rate of regional warming.


The history of foundation and the basic stages of the development of library and information faculty of Kharkiv State Academy of Culture – the first Ukrainian library science high school – are characterized.


The cytotoxic effect of normal human blood lymphocytes on Chang cells in tissue culture was investigated. Cell damage was measured by release of 51Cr from pre-labelled tissue culture `target' cells. This method was sensitive and rendered highly reproducible results. Released 51Cr was not re-utilized.

About 25 per cent of the 51Cr was spontaneously released from labelled Chang cells when incubated for 24 hours at 37°. Lymphocytes at a lymphocyte/Chang cell ratio of 25:1 led to a slight increase of this release. When phytohaemagglutinin was also present, about 50–60 per cent of the isotope appeared in the medium. Under these conditions target cells were significantly damaged within 1 hour. At a lymphocyte/Chang cell ratio of only 1:1, weak cytotoxic effects were also noted after 24 hours of incubation. The results of dose—response experiments suggested that a considerable proportion of the lymphocytes participated in the reaction. Individual variation of the cytotoxic effect of lymphocytes from different donors suggested that it could be related to the degree of histoincompatibility between lymphocytes and Chang cells. Under the present conditions contaminating erythrocytes or granulocytes did not interfere with the cytotoxic action of the lymphocytes.


judgment are "valuing the whole person" and "bringing balance and integration" (). These are presented in a helpful "table" format at the outset and at the beginning of each chapter. Boelhower is more concerned with right action than with right thinking and has built his proposal on three assumptions. First, Boelhower believes that, despite differences in theological claims about the divine or revelation, the treasury of the spiritual traditions is rich with wisdom and can serve as a significant resource for decision-making. Secondly, our spiritual and secular lives do not have to be in competition. Commonly held spiritual values across the continuum of religions, such as those concerning life, justice, and the dignity of the human person, can be used to promote the integrity of life at all levels. Finally, Boelhower holds that the task of wise decisionmaking is critical to the common good, and all must seek practical wisdom to flourish. Decision-making cannot be abdicated to authorities; all must participate in what can be a demanding process. Boelhower's text could serve students in a general moral theology course or supplement a world religions class. It is accessible and rich in engaging narratives and substantial references to primary sources from different religions, describing how each religious tradition has valued a particular principle. Each chapter contains questions for reflection and a personal assessment for readers to consider how they have integrated a representative principle into their lives. One could criticize the text for being too general in its approach to moral decision-making and for not focusing on a single religion. The text just admits the shared wellspring of wisdom from a number of religious traditions, but Boelhower acknowledges this limitation. Professors can use this opportunity to delve more deeply into interreligious questions with their students.


TiO2 nanocrystalline powders with various Zn doping levels from 0 at% to 10 at% were synthesized via sol-gel method with Tetrabutyl orthotitanate (TBOT) and zinc acetate as Ti and Zn source. The samples were characte- rized by XRD, TEM, EDS and diffuse absorption spectrum. The effect of Zn doping on optical and photocatalytical properties of TiO2 was systematically investigated. XRD results show that all the prepared powders were Anatase TiO2, no ZnO was found when the samples were annealed at 400˚C. EDS analysis confirmed the existence of Zn in the sam- ples. It suggests that Zn was successfully doped into TiO2. Average particle size of the prepared Zn-TiO2 powders was about 6 - 7 nm obtained from TEM measurement and Scherer Equation calculation. The nano size powders were used to catalytically decompose methylene blue, and the sample doped with 1 at% Zn showed the best photocatalytic activity, better than that of pure TiO2.


— A substance property as an acid or a base is determined in terms of quantity of pH. It makes use of various tools ranging from simple litmus paper to the sophisticated benchtop pH meter. Natural indicators on the other hand are utilized as an alternative to synthetic acid-base indicators. This paper relates to the preparation of natural indicator from Phyllanthus fruit containing anthocyanin, and the establishment of its effectiveness. The experimental method of this study is composed of the preparation of raw materials, standardization of solutions, calibration, testing for effectiveness, and development of a color chart. The developed pH indicator consists of Phyllanthus fruit, water, and ethanol. The process of producing the pH indicator comprises of the following steps: collecting; washing; weighing; crushing; mixing with water; boiling the mixture; filtering; cooling down; mixing with ethanol; soaking; and drying. The calibration of the indicator involves different solutions with pH 0 to 14 to come up with a color chart. This serves as a reference in the effectiveness test. Treatment 2 of the


This paper provides information on the design and performance of the instrumentation on the Ohio University Avionics Engineering Center's (AEC) Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle (UAV), the Brumby. In 1999 AEC purchased the delta wing Brumby airframe to conduct UAV related research. Recently the Brumby has been outfitted with instrumentation to collect data allowing for the system identification of the Brumby UAV. The goal was a lightweight (<10 lbs), low-power (<25 watts) data collection system designed to time-stamp and store data from the airdata probe, digital compass, Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver, low cost Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), and control surfaces. Also presented in this paper is the design methodology used in developing the data collection system, methods of time-stamping the data with precise GPS time, lessons learned about IMU operation in a high vibration environment, as well as the future design path of the avionics.


When measuring residual strain distributions of thick structural components such as thick butt-welds using neutron diffraction, it is required to make a gauge volume larger as well as to shorten neutron path length in a material to obtain sufficient diffraction intensity. In this study, neutron attenuation effect on the strain measurement with a large gauge volume was discussed on the normal strain measurement of a thick butt-weld. Influences of neutron attenuation like an apparent strain change were observed, and it was more noticeable when the gauge volume becomes larger. Therefore, the neutron attenuation effect should be considered in the strain measurement with a large gauge volume, and the neutron absorption corrections certainly play an important role for improvement of reliabilities of strain measurement using neutron diffraction with a large gauge volume.


Alexandria Riots. Minutes of Proceedings and Report of the Military Court of Enquiry. May, 1921. (Cmd. 1527). 6s. 4d. Argentine Republic. Financial and economic conditions. Report. September, 1921. Department of Overseas Trade. Is. lOJd. Capitulations in Egypt. Agreement between Great Britain and Portu gal relating to the suppression of. Dec. 9, 1920. (Treaty Series, 1921, No. 23). 3d. Damage to property, rights or interests, compensation in respect of* Agreement between British and German Governments respecting Art297 (c) of the Treaty of Versailles of June 28, 1919. Signed at London, Nov. 23, 1921. (Treaty Series, 1921, No. 27). 4d. Debts, Enemy. Convention between the United Kingdom and France relative to Article 296 of the Treaty of Versailles of June 28, 1919. July 20, 1921. (Treaty Series, 1921, No. 18). 3d. ----------. Convention between the United Kingdom and Belgium relative to Article 296 of the Treaty of Versailles of June 28, 1919. July 20, 1921. (Treaty Series, 1921, No. 19). 3d. Deliveries in kind. Papers relating to the agreement between the French and German Governments concerning the application of Part VIII of the Treaty of Versailles. (Cmd. 1547). 7d. East India. Telegraphic information, etc., regarding the Moplah Re bellion. Aug. 24 to Dec. 6. (Cmd. 1552). 2s. 2d. Egypt. Papers respecting negotiations with the Egyptian delegation. (Cmd. 1555). 7d. Extradition. Treaty between the United Kingdom and Portugal relating to the extradition of fugitive criminals between the Federated Malay States and the territories of the Portuguese Republic. (Treaty Series, 1921, No. 21). 3d. ----------. Treaty between the United Kingdom and Portugal relating to the extradition of fugitive criminals between certain British Protectorates and the territories of the Portuguese Republic. (Treaty Series, 1921, No. 22). 3d.


An inhaler dry powder medicament (400) a housing including a body provided comprising: - a step of primary air flow (534) extending through the body to allow airflow through the body; - An element flow restriction (628) disposed in the flow passage of primary air so that the air passing through the passage of primary air flow moves the element for limiting the flow between a first position, nonlimiting and a second limiting position, wherein the flow restricting member restricts airflow through the passage of primary air flow; - A step of secondary airflow (538) extending at least partially through the body; - A locking element (546) disposed in communication with the passage of secondary air flow for selectively preventing airflow through the passage of secondary air flow, the locking element being movable between a first closed position to block airflow through the passage of secondary airflow and a second open position in which the locking member does not block airflow through the passage of secondary air flow, wherein the restricting member flow is disposed in communication with the locking element, so that displacement of the element for limiting the flow to the second position moves the locking element to the second position and wherein the displacement of the locking element to the first position displaces flow restricting element to the first position; - Means for selectively moving the locking member between the first and second positions; and characterized by: - gear means (622, 636) disposed functionally between the element for limiting the flow and the locking element such that the displacement of the flow limitation rotates the gear means and the displacement element locking means rotates gear.


Intramuscular administration of PGF2alpha or its analogue ICI 80996 at 110--112 days of gestation results in grouped parturition. The decrease of progesterone levels is interrupted by a temporary increase. During expulsion rather high values are obtained compared to the control group. Unconjugated oestrogens increase, reaching maximum values just before expulsion.


Network problems appear in a spectrum of disciplines such as engineering, computer science, operations research, transportation, telecommunication, biomedicine, social networks, decision support systems, and manufacturing. Recent advances in computer systems, algorithms and data structures, have made it possible to solve classes of network problems that until recently were intractable. The 5th International Conference on Network Analysis (NET2015) took place on 18–20 May 2015 in Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. The conference was sponsored by the Laboratory of Algorithms and Technologies for Networks Analysis of the Higher School of Economics. The purpose of this conference was to bring together scientists and engineers from industry, government, and universities to exchange knowledge and results in a broad range of topics relevant to the theory and practice of network analysis. Many contributions addressed the reliability of complex networks, software, theory, methodology, and applications. This special issue of Optimization Methods and Software contains refereed selected papers presented at the NET2015 conference. The papers in this special issue reflect the interdisciplinary efforts of scientists from academia and industry to model and solve complicated network and related optimization problems.


Systematic measurements of occupancy across the entire HF spectrum (1.6-30 MHz) have been made by UMIST since January 1982. The experiment has developed from a single measurement site in central England, to the present international system, which includes measurement sites in England, Sweden and Germany. The paper reviews the experiment, and gives an example of the mathematical models currently being developed.


This paper discusses the determination of safety evacuation time for passenger and staff in subway station in accordance with passenger flow and traffic capacity of escalator and stairs in subway station, concurrently modifies the formula to calculate the safety evacuation time by means of different determination of passenger flow predicted in advance by dint of origin and destination investigation in subway station. And a proposal to consider the maximum passenger flow within every subway train departure interval is also presented in determining the evacuation time when calculating the traffic capability of escalators and stairs.


The author points out that the concern of the detail problems determines the quality of the construction drawing in the drawing of the construction drawing,discusses the detail problems in the drawing of the housing construction drawing from the housing function and the user,in order to solve the problems in the combining process with the other professionals,to guarantee the quality of the of the housing construction drawing.


To examine the dynamical origin of high ionic conductivity of (Li2S)70(P2S5)30 glass ceramic obtained by annealing (Li2S)70(P2S5)30 glass, we applied 6/7Li and 31P solid-state NMR. NMR line shapes and spin–lattice relaxation times (T1) were measured as a function of temperature. The results showed that dynamics of the PS4 tetrahedra and P2S7 ditetrahedra units in (Li2S)70(P2S5)30 glass ceramic is not appreciable at temperatures below ca. 310 K, where the ionic conductivity is low. At higher temperatures, however, significant motion especially for the P2S7 ditetrahedra unit is apparent in both of 31P-T1 and 31P MAS line shapes. Further, we applied the 31P–31P dipolar correlation experiment to examine the 31P line width, which is reduced by motion at higher temperatures. It was shown that the line width of the P2S7 unit is attributable to the distribution of local structures of and around the P2S7 ditetrahedra unit. With these, we concluded that the significant motional fluctuation of the P2S7 ditetrahedra ...


The genera of eutherian mammals have been divided into two groups depending on whether the animals in the genera have high or low rates of karyotype evolution. The rate of karyotype evolution in a genus is estimated by the standard deviation of the chromosome numbers within the genus. The estimates have been found to correlate with the size of the animals and the taxonomic diversity of the genera: small animals have a higher rate of karyotype evolution than large animals, and animals belonging to genera with many taxa have a higher rate of karyotype evolution than animals belonging to genera with few taxa. No correlation has been found between the chromosome number and the rate of karyotype evolution. The analyses are made by comparing genera which belong to the same taxonomic family. Our results are consistent with the results obtained by A. C. Wilson, G. Bush and their co-workers using different methods of estimation and comparison.

The correlations between size, taxonomic diversity and rates of karyotype evolution are discussed in the light of results from theoretical models describing the spread of chromosome mutations in populations. Particular attention is given to the role reproductive biology may play in influencing the rate of karyotype evolution.


Abstract As a keystone species the concept 'nature' plays a vital role in shaping our world. In this article, we think with the material turn about the concept nature due to its significant performativity in its role within environmental education and research. How nature is conceived is played out on a massive scale as matter itself is morphed through conceptual processes. Therefore, we focus on the matter(ing) of conceptual abstraction, the physical effects – and affects – of thinking a thing into existence. We initiate a pluralistic thought experiment that purposefully diffracts nature into eight performances, to see what it does. The concept nature performs ecologically and enacts trophic cascades. This exploration highlights feats of racism, classism, androcentrism, colonialism, homogenization, and mass extinction. What we are proposing is an environmental literacy that attends to what a concept is capable of, what a concept can do, and perhaps even what a concept can prevent, post-nature.


Assurance of Learning (AOL) has become an increasingly important dimension in Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) evaluation standards. In this case study, the authors developed and used a distinct AOL model to measure the impact on students learning in a capstone finance course at a state university in Indiana. Direct assessment of students learning is tested in closely controlled classroom environment through exam. A comparative analysis is completed using AOL developed model for the years 2017 and 2018. The findings suggest the mean non-AOL grade (85.67%) is significantly higher than the mean AOL grade (58.60%) in the year 2017. The same was observed in 2018, the mean non-AOL (85.53%) was significantly greater than the mean AOL grade (70.96). A poor performance in AOL model category indicates that the AOL model developed for this study successfully measures Assessment Process.


No-hair theorems for scalar-tensor theories imply that the trivial scalar field configuration is the unique configuration around stationary black hole spacetimes. The most basic assumption in these theorems is that a constant scalar configuration is actually admissible. In this paper, we classify shift-symmetric Horndeski theories according to whether or not they admit the trivial scalar configuration as a solution and under which conditions. Local Lorentz symmetry and the presence of a linear coupling between the scalar field and Gauss-Bonnet invariant plays feature prominently in this classification. We then use the classification to show that any theory without linear Gauss-Bonnet coupling that respects Local Lorentz symmetry admits all GR solutions. We also study the scalar hair configuration around black hole spacetimes in theories where the linear Gauss-Bonnet coupling is present. We show that the scalar hair of the configuration is secondary, fixed by the regularity of the horizon, and is determined by the black hole horizon properties.


This article presents an experience report about inclusive education, with a clipping for the specialized educational care performed in the Multifunctional Resources Room (MRR), pointing out how planning based on Bloom taxonomy can contribute to the significant learning of the student, in particular, the target audience of special education attended in the MRR within the regular schools. In this sense, it is intended to dialogue about teaching strategies and seek the light of theories means for an autonomous learning to be effective, based on the educational objectives proposed for each level of education. This analysis was performed with a student with moderate intellectual disability, speech articulation difficulties and who does not present mental organization domains expected for age. The student has multiprofessional follow-up in the health area, which is carried out in partnership with the school professionals. It is worth mentioning that this collaborative work among health and education professionals has brought numerous benefits to student development.


Interaction between chemical bath deposited CdS and ZnO window layers are a focus of this paper. Low temperature anneals were used to follow the changes at the interface. Optical absorption spectra show that CdS and ZnO intermix upon annealing. Heat treatments applied to ZnO/CdS/CuInGaSe/sub 2/ thin film solar cells produced changes in the short and long wavelength responses. The latter is attributed to an increase in the energy gap of the absorber by diffusion of S, and it is confirmed by SIMS. The interdiffusion is shown to increase the short wavelength collection, and hence the current density of the devices. Photoluminescence data provides some indication of the quality of the interface.


Thomson scattering is used to measure the electron temperature of plasmas. It is essentially a counting experiment. The distribution of detected photons (photoelectrons) in a number of channels yields an estimate of the scattered light spectrum and, thereby, of the plasma electron temperature and density. Repeated measurements at fixed plasma parameters yield a range of values of the measured electron temperature. The spread in these values is typically broader toward high temperatures and the peak (mode) of the temperature density function is lower than the nominal plasma temperature, while the mean is higher. This spread is intrinsic to these measurements, as actual data samples and simulations show. Here a two-channel analytic model of the distribution of temperature readings from non-relativistic, thermal plasmas is used to obtain an intuitive picture of the significance of data from this means of measurement. The model is applied to data from three experiments with electron densities ranging from 5⋅ 1017 m−3 to 7⋅ 1022 m−3, with similar temperatures in widely different profiles of the probability density function. The model is consistent with observed scattered and background light and can, for example, help identify artifacts of diagnostic response, such as apparent high temperatures, and, supplemented by data from additional detector channels, deviations from a thermal electron population, electron drift, and relativistic effects. This is a chance to look in a modern way at some metrological features of this well-established measurement technique.


We study low-temperature properties of atomic gases in trimerized optical kagome lattices. The laser arrangements that can be used to create these lattices are briefly described. We also present explicit results for the coupling constants of the generalized Hubbard models that can be realized in such lattices. In the case of a single-component Bose gas the existence of a Mott insulator phase with fractional numbers of particles per trimer is verified in a mean-field approach. The main emphasis of the paper is on an atomic spinless interacting Fermi gas in the trimerized kagome lattice with two fermions per site. This system is shown to be described by a quantum spin-1 / 2 model on the triangular lattice with couplings that depend on the bond directions. We investigate this model by means of exact diagonalization. Our key finding is that the system exhibits nonstandard properties of a quantum spin-liquid crystal: it combines planar antiferromagnetic order in the ground state with an exceptionally large number of low-energy excitations. The possibilities of experimental verification of our theoretical results are critically discussed.


This paper addresses sanitation for the urban poor from a service delivery perspective. This entails a shift from simply seeing interventions as capital projects towards a systems approach that considers all elements required to provide sustainable and appropriate sanitation services to the poor at scale. The paper argues that urban sanitation services should consider: • The entire sanitation chain: confinement (the toilet seat and safe storage under the seat), removal and transportation of faecal sludge, subsequent treatment and disposal or re-use. • The service delivery process: planning, construction, operation and maintenance, and subsequent renewal of service delivery elements. • Both hardware and software elements, particularly hygienic behaviour.


Alexander Streltsov,1, ∗ Soojoon Lee,2 and Gerardo Adesso3 1ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels (Barcelona), Spain 2Department of Mathematics and Research Institute for Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea 3School of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom (Dated: November 3, 2014)


I reviewed 43 papers published in The Journal of Wildlife Management (JWM, 1988-91) that examined habitat selection of terrestrial vertebrates by comparing habitat use with availability. My objective was to determine whether annual variation in habitat selection was typically considered in these studies. Most studies (84 %) recognized the potential for variation in habitat selection on a seasonal scale, by either restricting investigations to one season or analyzing data separately for individual seasons. In contrast, 72 % of the 39 studies that spanned > 1 year pooled data on habitat use among years, evidently without testing for annual variation and without presenting use data for individual years. Most studies (56 % of 43) lasted 2 years


Summary

The availability of a large body of palaeomagnetic data from Eastern and Western Iceland has made possible several deductions about the nature of the source of the geomagnetic field. We conclude that the assumption of a centred dipole source leads to a simple and reasonable time-average dependence of absolute dipole strength on dipole orientation (dipole moment on pole position). The relationship is nearly axially symmetrical, and provides natural definitions of 'normal' and 'reversed' fields. The normal state has been more stable over the past 12 My than the reversed state.

The dependence of time-average dipole strength on dipole orientation provides a considerable constraint on any postulated mechanism for field generation, although it does not necessarily give direct insight into the behaviour in the core.


Kinosternon chimalhuaca(Jalisco Mud Turtle) is a kinosternid turtle endemic to Mexico. The previously recorded maximun carapace length (CL) is 160 mm in males and 130 mm in females. It has a small distribution range along the Pacific coast of Jalisco and Colima, Mexico, from the Rio Tuito in Jalisco to the Rio Cihuatlan in northwestern Colima. This new record in Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, extends its distribution at least 32 km north from the northernmost known locality. A new maximun size (CL) for the species of 172.00 mm (one male) is recorded.


In this article we obtain closed form solutions of integrable nonlinear evolution equations associated with the nonsymmetric matrix ZakharovShabat system by means of the inverse scattering transform. These solutions are parametrized by triplets of matrices. Alternatively, the time evolution of the Marchenko integral kernels and direct substitution are employed in deriving these solutions.


A description of the species Lymnaea diaphana King, 1830 is presented, on the basis of material collected at its type-locality, San Gregorio, on the north coast of the Strait of Magellan, in the Chilean province of Magallanes. It may be identified by the following characters taken together: adult shell over 10 mm in length, whorls inflated, regularly convex, separated by a well-marked suture, aperture ovate occupying about half the shell length; renal organ forming an approximately right angle with the ureter; pouch of the oviduct well noticeable high on the right ventral surface and on the right side of the nidamental gland; uterus bent to the right into an approximately right angle; body of the spermatheca projected into the pulmonary cavity and adhered to the pericardium and to the roof of the pulmonary cavity; spermiduct highly sinuous, folding dorsalward between the left half of the oviduct and the left shoulder of the nidamental gland, and then winding on ventralward to reach the prostate on the middle line; prostate voluminous, convex on the left, pushed in on the right, with a deep dorsal furrow corresponding to a fold which projects into the prostatic lumen and is more developed at the fore half of the organ; apical end of the penial sheath with about six minute protuberances corresponding to inner chambers; prepuce from about as long about twice as long as the penial sheath, with some variation beyond those limits; lateral teeth of the radula basically tricuspid, with a usually simple ectocone which may show a bifid or trifid point. A diagnosis between lymnaea diaphana and three other lymnaeids which also occur in South America and were previously studied by the author - L. columella, L. viatrix and L. rupestris - is presented.


Since the 1990s,there have been significant changes in WANG An-yi's literary writings.She chooses everyday life as her subject of her novels. However,in spite of an emphasis on material life,she is increasingly concern ed with the inner world of her characters,creating powerful legends of common p eople.Her works contain a thriving vitality and show a new world of the local culture where simplicity is mingled with marvelty,poetry with realism and trivi ality with splendor.


The use of a mixed absorber (coal wash oil and benzol rectification bottoms distillate) in the recovery of naphthalene and benzene by hydrocarbons is complicated by the formation of emulsions, particularly in the Raschig cooler. Distillation of the emulsion which is very resistant to chemical agents provided wash oil (9.8%), water (81%), residue (1.9%). It has been found possible to correct this problem by introduction of a thermal demulsifier (operation temperature 75-80/sup 0/C) into the benzene-free oil cooling system.


Fusion of multiple algorithms for biometric verification performance improvement has received considerable attention. This paper proposes an iris recognition method based on multialgorithmic fusion. The proposed method combines the phase information based algorithm and zero-crossing representation based algorithm at the matching score level. The fusion rule based on support vector machine (SVM) is applied to generate a fused score which is used to make the fial decision. The experimental results on CASIA and UBIRIS iris image databases show that the proposed multialgorithmic fusion method can bring obvious performance improvement compared with any single algorithm, and the results also demonstrate that the fusion rule based on SVM can achieve better performance than conventional 1 fusion rules.