In Korean coastal areas, land reclamations are main development projects that should be based on environmental impact assessment(EIA), because those human interventions can change coastlines, damage tidal flats, and pollute adjacent areas to threat seafood safety and devaluate overall ecosystem service value. Existing procedures of the EIA for land reclamation projects were diagnosed and evaluated to enhance them. Problems were identified in the designation of survey areas, the consistency in survey sites and periods, the standardization of survey methods and reports, the confidence of survey results and the verification of predictions. Lack of integration was noticeable and could be improved by synthesizing different assessments from topography geography, marine physics, marine chemistry and marine biology. We suggest that successful precautionary marine environment management requires readjusting the cost of EIA, recruiting experts in marine environment, constructing database and establishing specialized assessment system.


In recent years fundamental physics in a microgravity environment has attracted much attention from theoreticians in the international community,and has been given the name of fundamental physics in space.Furthermore,microgravity science has gradually become known as physics in space amongst the space agencies of the chief space countries.However,physics in space has not changed the contents of microgravity science.As the International Space Station nears completion,its member countries are working hard to schedule the microgravity science missions,and important results should be obtained before 2016.On the other hand,plans for space tests on the theories of gravity and general relativity on board special satellites are under way.After the GP-B satellite experiment by NASA,the LISA program for space measurement of gravitational waves aroused broad interest.Physics in space will certainly make great strides in both promoting important scientific achievements and in developing high technology for applications.


Introduction: Pyeloureteral obstruction is the restriction of urine flow from the renal pelvis to the ureter, causing pyelocaliceal dilation that if not treated evolves into progressive deterioration of renal function. It is known as Pyeloureteral Junction Syndrome (PJS). The treatment is surgical and the Anderson-Hynes dismembered technique has shown the best results. It has been described through laparoscopic approach. Objetives: To show the results of laparoscopic pyeloplasty, its feasibility and its success rate. Methods: A descriptive and longitudinal study was made of 31 patients with PJS treated at the National Center of Minimal Invasive Surgery (NCMIS) Centro Nacional de Cirugia por Minimo Acceso (CNCMA) between July 1st 2010 and January 31st 2014 with the purpose of describing its results. Demographic variables were considered which assess the technique and its feasibility. A transperitoneal approach was carried out, anastomosis with intracorporeal discontinue suture and pelvis remodeling with continuous suture and a JJ catheter was placed retrogradely. Results: The male sex, the right side, the extrinsic cause were predominant. The technique was 100% feasible. The assessing variables of the results of the surgical technique corresponded to what has been described by other authors. There were no transoperative complications, 29 % postoperative; three grade IIIb and one grade IVa according to Clavein-Dindo Classification. In 93,5 % the technique was successful. Conclusions: Laparoscopic pyeloplasty at the (CNCMA) is a feasible alternative of treatment for PJS adult patients, with an acceptable success rate and morbility. Key words: laparoscopic surgery, pyeloplasty


New hollow-core geometries in modified honeycomb photonic bandgap fibers have been investigated in order to obtain high birefringence and, at the same time, to avoid the presence of surface modes. Birefringence values up to 10-3 have been obtained in fibers which are effectively single-mode in both C and L bands, with confinement loss lower than 1 dB/km in the same wide wavelength range.


BACKGROUND: Testing for viral nucleic acids should reduce the residual risk of transmitting viral infections by transfusion of blood components. The AmpliScreen Hepatitis C (HCV) Test, Version 2.0, was designed for screening pools composed of samples from individual units of blood or plasma.


Magnetic Field Monitoring Figure 1: A comparison of the performance of a custom implemented constrained, image based B0 shimming algorithm (ST) that considers a region of interest (ROI, red) and a second region of less interest (ROLI, green) that might lead to artifacts in MRI and MRSI data in case of poor B0 shimming versus the vendor implemented B0 shim algorithm (FM) indicated a superior performance of the ST algorithm. Frequency-shift maps of the (CH2)n lipid resonance derived from brain MRSI data considering only the ROI (left) versus ROI and ROLI (right) demonstrate the positive impact of the ROLI on lipid artefacts in brain MRSI. Figure 5: EPIs of four slices using 1) no shim, 2) 3rd order dynamic slice-wise updated (DSU) shim without preemphasis, 3) DSU without F0 determination, 4) DSU and 5) static slice-wise shim. Figure 6: Resting-state fMRI activations on unprocessed EPIs, acquired with a 3rd order slice-wise dynamic updated B0 shim with dynamic F0 determination at 7T.


This study analyzes whiteness from the perspectives of "politic of location" to understand how it has changed and applied across the globe, rather than ignoring the relevancy of white supremacy for some geographies that have a racially homogenous population. The first part of the article interrogates my personal experiences of whiteness in Turkey which has a racially homogenous population. In Turkey, my experiences with whiteness were not as a result of directly having white bodies, but rather by being a part of the dominant culture, nation, religion, and language. The second part of this study discusses my experiences of whiteness in the United States. I highlight the different ways in which I experienced whiteness that had to do with my position as a Muslim Turkish woman in racially diverse America. In this autoethnography, by showing my relations and experiences within the discourse of whiteness and racialization of Muslims, I show how whiteness has significantly different meanings in different locations, and how whiteness's ideology affects people's experiences through local and global power relations.


This paper describes a system whereby the cathode-ray tube of a radar display is photographed, and the exposed film rapidly processed and projected so that a large bright high contrast theatre-type presentation of the radar display is obtained. The picture is renewed automatically every few seconds. Either front or rear projection can be employed with a horizontal plotting table or a vertical screen. Mention is made of the use of colour film. Examples of the application of this system to air traffic control and marine and harbour radar are given and the operational advantages of such a system in these fields are discussed. In particular the 16 mm ra processor and projector system installed in the S.S. Canberra is described.


THE WORK OF THE SEoTIONS. The Care of Infants. DIETRICH gave a detailed account of the advances and especially the organization of the Berlin institutes. He pleaded for mother's milk in the feeding of infants whenever this was found to be possible, and discussed difficulties which had been met with In those establishments which had set themselves the task of carrying the normal feeding of infants. TAUBE said that while breast-feeding was the physiological method of rearing children, fashion and led to a degeneration of the female breast, and indirectly to an increased mortality of infants. The importance making provision for the care of infants was proved the fact that poverty and high mortality went hand in hand, and that the most dangerous time of was during the first six months. During the first month the causes of death were chiefly marasmus and atrophy, including syphilitic atrophy, leading to convulsions lung affections. During the second month, over cent. of the deaths were due to affections of the intestinal


Members of the Division of Orthopedics of St. Michael's Hospital in Toronto continue to maintain that a single short course of corticosteroid medication contributes to avascular necrosis of the femoral head.[1][1] They must be reminded that avascular necrosis was reported before corticosteroids were


Purpose of the study. The study of the peculiarities and outcomes of pregnancy and neonatal status in patients with bronchial asthma (BA). Materials and methods. Studied the course of pregnancy and delivery 1800 women suffering from BA. Patients were conducted and surveyed throughout the period of gestation simultaneously with pulmonologist and obstetrician; thus it was formed a complex of treatment and preventive measures, made recommendations for the primary prevention of allergic diseases of unborn child. Results . The increase in pregnancy complications in patients with asthma is directly related to the lack of control of the disease, especially in the first trimester of gestation. The lack of ade quate treatment of asthma increases the risk of different pregnancy complications, which has a direct effect on the health status of newborns. Conclusion . Even severe asthma, is not a contraindication to pregnancy. The main condition for the safety pregnancy and delivery is the timely appointment of a set of preventive and therapeutic measures for control of the disease that not only improve the quality of life of women during gestation, but also improve health status of newborns.


Objective To study the effects of TK adenovirus vector-Ad.HRE.CArG.HSV-TK regulated by hypoxia and radiation combined with radiotherapy on the growth of transplanted tumors of breast cancer Bcap37 in nude mice.Methods The models of transplanted tumors in BALB/C(nu/nu) nude mice were established by subcutaneous inoculation cells.When tumor diameter increased to 8~10mm,the mice were allocated to be control group,vector group(Ad),radiation group(RT) and vector plus radiation group(Ad+RT).Day 1 was defined as treatment outset.On day 1 and day 5,0.2ml adenovirus vector was offered by tumor multi-point injection.The next day of injection,GCV(40mg/kg) was given using intraperitoneal injection,once on everyday for 14 days.X-ray irradiation of 2Gy was rendered on day 2,day 4 and day 6.The size of the tumor was measured every 3 days,and the volume of the tumor was calculated.After 30 days,the mice were killed,and the tumor was weighed and inhibition rate was calculated.HE staining and Annexin V detection were proceded to detect the apotosis of cancer cells in tumor tissues.Results The average volume and weight in experimental group were smaller than that in the control group(P0.05).Necrosis and apoptosis were observed from the HE staining tissue.The rate of apoptosis in experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P0.05).Conclusion Adenovirus vector combined with radiotherapy had significant inhibition to the Bcap37 transplanted tumor in nude mice and induced cell.This provided the foundation for further gene radiation therapy of breast cancer.


The sections in this article are

Introduction
In Vitro Multiplexed Analysis Using QDs
DNA Hydridization
Immunoassay
Assaying the Activity of Enzymes
FRET-Based Protease Detection with QDs as the Donor
BRET-Based Protease Detection with QDs as Acceptor

Other In Vitro Multiplexed Detection Systems

Multiplexed Imaging Using QDs
Multiplexed Cellular Imaging
Multiplexed Imaging in Small Animals

Summary

Keywords:

multiplexed detection;
quantum dots;
nanosensors;
multiplexed imaging;
DNA hybridization;
immunoassay;
enzyme activity;
energy transfer


Key aspects of optimization algorithms when applied to challenging antenna design problems are reviewed. As an example of such an algorithm, the Multi-level Coordinate Search (MCS) global optimization algorithm is highlighted as a good candidate algorithm. We present two comparisons which illustrate that MCS can be beneficial compared local-search algorithms as well as other popular global algorithms.


Chiltepin is recognized for its pungency and deep red color. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of open sun drying and hot air drying methods, as well as pretreatments on capsaicin, capsanthin, and ascorbic acid content in chiltepin. Chiltepin was dried using open sun and hot air drying. Raw chiltepin showed capsaicin (C) and capsanthin (CAPS) content of 5,560 µg/g dry weight (dw) and 58.7 µg/g dw, respectively; ascorbic acid (AA) concentration (140 µg/g dw) was lower to that reported in other peppers. Open sun drying affected the concentrations of CAPS (12.09 µg/g dw) and AA (3.5 µg/g dw), but not C (5,500 µg/g dw). In hot air drying, the lowest temperature (35 °C) favored retention of bioactive compounds of 90%, 52%, and 35% (C, CAPS, and AA, respectively). These results suggest that C is the most stable compound. Thus, hot air drying can be recommended for a higher retain of CAPS and AA compounds


In her recent book, constructed around oral narratives of Australian women and children resident in Papua New Guinea before World War II, Jan Roberts described the interview process as 'a lengthy tightrope ... trying to recover as much social history as possible without intruding on aspects of the past which would rekindle pain'. It is this kind of approach which has produced a certain blandness in oral history practice which has survived even as oral historians have moved beyond the cosy territory of happy memories of elderly citizens into areas more likely to be laced with stigma and shame.


For wireless optical communication, we research the inertial measurements and geolocation estimations. The results are applicable for guidance, navigation and control of mobile platforms, aerial and ground vehicles, aerospace platforms, etc. We study distributed inertial MEMS sensors with microprocessing units (MPUs) which form microsystemtechnology integrated inertial measurement systems (μIMSs) to estimate spatiotemporal geolocation, orientation, position, trajectory, etc. Data processing and data fusion are researched for hybrid μIMSs-GPS as well as for stand-alone μIMSs. The narrow-beam laser-to-receiver connectivity require accurate repositioning and steering of multi-degree-of-freedom pointing gimbals and mounts with lasers and receivers (photodetectors). The studied μIMSs can be installed on mobile platforms and steering mounts. Within specified coordinate systems and frames, high-precision control, stabilization and servo-steering depend on accurate state estimates. In GPS-denied and electronic warfare environments, one may acquire non-GPS estimates. Guidance, navigation, control and communication tasks are enabled by μIMSs. The studied all-attitude low-power μIMS may support optical connectivity for reliable free-space laser communication. Inflight experiments substantiate our processing calculus and algorithms. Reconfigurable filtering and adaptive quadrature integration enable existing solutions. Studied μIMSs advance modularity, interoperability, scalability, robustness and redundancy of guidance, navigation and communication systems in multi-domain environments. We propose consistent solutions with technology transfer capabilities to stationary and mobile aerial, ground, space, surface and underwater platforms. Our goal is to leverage the latest microsystems, MEMS and processing technologies considering the compatibility and compliance with legacy GPS solutions.


In this paper, I provide some observations on how the academic field of operations management has changed over the past 40 years. For this purpose, I have identified and classified the operations management (OM) papers published in Management Science in 1976 and in 2016. From this review, I comment on what's changed, what's new, and what we might see in the future. In reflecting on these changes, I also document and discuss how the OM editorial structure and mission have evolved at Management Science over this time. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, Special Section of Management Science: 65th Anniversary.


Background Mental health was only modestly affected in adults during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic on the group level, but interpersonal variation was large. Aims We aim to investigate potential predictors of the differences in changes in mental health. Method Data were aggregated from three Dutch ongoing prospective cohorts with similar methodology for data collection. We included participants with pre-pandemic data gathered during 2006–2016, and who completed online questionnaires at least once during lockdown in The Netherlands between 1 April and 15 May 2020. Sociodemographic, clinical (number of mental health disorders and personality factors) and COVID-19-related variables were analysed as predictors of relative changes in four mental health outcomes (depressive symptoms, anxiety and worry symptoms, and loneliness), using multivariate linear regression analyses. Results We included 1517 participants with (n = 1181) and without (n = 336) mental health disorders. Mean age was 56.1 years (s.d. 13.2), and 64.3% were women. Higher neuroticism predicted increases in all four mental health outcomes, especially for worry (β = 0.172, P = 0.003). Living alone and female gender predicted increases in depressive symptoms and loneliness (β = 0.05–0.08), whereas quarantine and strict adherence with COVID-19 restrictions predicted increases in anxiety and worry symptoms (β = 0.07–0.11).Teleworking predicted a decrease in anxiety symptoms (β = −0.07) and higher age predicted a decrease in anxiety (β = −0.08) and worry symptoms (β = −0.10). Conclusions Our study showed neuroticism as a robust predictor of adverse changes in mental health, and identified additional sociodemographic and COVID-19-related predictors that explain longitudinal variability in mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.


An n‐p‐n heterojunction structure, formed by the epitaxial growth of n‐Ge on a p‐GaAs substrate having a diffused n‐GaAs region on the opposite face, has been employed to convert 1.5‐μ radiation incident on the n‐Ge face to 0.9‐μ radiation emitted from the n‐GaAs face. The internal quantum efficiency of the n‐Ge, p‐GaAs heterojunction is 0.62; the spectral response of the heterojunction is typical of photon effects in Ge. The internal wavelength conversion efficiency is 2.8×10−5, limited principally by the low electroluminescent quantum efficiency of the GaAs p‐n junction at low injection current densities.


We adopt the threshold model of myopic cigarette addiction to US state-level panel data. The threshold model is used to identify the structural effects of cigarette demand determinants across the income stratification. Furthermore, we apply a bootstrap approach to correct for the small-sample bias that arises in the dynamic panel threshold model with fixed effects. Our empirical results indicate that there exists the heterogeneity of smoking dynamics across consumers.


An extensive literature research has been undertaken to survey the extent of formalised teaching of research ethics for higher degree research students. While seminars for medical and medicotechnological students are well represented, there is limited evidence for research ethics formation in the social sciences and humanities areas. This paper reports the development of a unit in research ethics. While recommended for all research students, the unit is still optional. The unit is attracting a large proportion of research students as well as students who major in philosophy and ethics. The unit is run as an online seminar series using the courseware BlackBoard•. The approach facilitates a general investigation of social sciences research ethics which over three assessment items funnels to the development of a research ethical commitment that is based on personal values as well as best practice within the individual's research domain.


and Why?: the "Five W's". However, failing to add "How?" to that list can neglect a powerful analytical tool – a door-opener for countless more technical and in-depth questions and queries.1 Therefore, the questioning "how international humanitarian law (IHL) develops" sounds deceptively simple. If asked to promptly answer, many readers of the Interntional Review of the Red Cross would utter the following lines of thought: "it is developed by States as main actors, but there is also a role for the International Committee of the Red Cross as guardian of IHL", followed by "one also needs to account for the fact that non-state armed groups are bound by rules they did not negotiate nor formally agree with, and for the fact that the international criminal tribunals have pushed certain interpretations of the law in a direction which has become authoritative". Some might say that IHL's core rules are centuries old, reflective of various cultural and religious traditions before they were codified in their modern form. Others would evoke the well-known argument that "IHL is always one war behind reality". In other words, most forms or causes of human suffering must first be experienced in real-world armed conflicts before States take regulatory action to prevent them from reproducing in the future. Looking at the current political climate, assessing whether new IHL developments may be expected in the next few years, many will point to the difficulties within the traditional multilateral treaty-making system which may not be conducive to calls for new law. In particular, one often hears the fear expressed that, if one were to re-open IHL-treaties now, States would risk backtracking on their existing obligations. In an attempt to make sense of these multi-layered answers, the International Review of the Red Cross is proud to present this foundational double-edition, which we hope will be of significant interest and of practical usefulness to each of our journal's different audiences: practitioners, including decision-makers, analysts, academics, and students. Although, for analytical purposes, the edition's twenty-six articles have been divided into "the past", "the present" and "the future", it is acknowledged that some articles may belong in more than one category. EDITORIAL


This study analyzes the tension between ideological individualism with regard to views about poverty, versus the high social risk of poverty that prevails in the U.S. Because of this tension, we anticipate fissures and caveats to individualism, contingent on the individual's direct experience with poverty. Eight focus groups comprised of 80 individual respondents are interviewed across three communities in upstate New York, and the analysis confirms that individualism is the dominant attitude toward poverty. The article also identifies significant challenges to individualism, and that social stigma is a defining element within the experience of poverty.


The information currently available on sexual selection in hermit crabs is reviewed to identify the role of males and females before, during and after mating. According to this information, possible mechanisms of male–male competition, female choice and/or sexual conflict are suggested. Important male components that may affect mating success include dragging the female shell, rotations of the female's shell and male cheliped palpations, and male size and/or shell characteristics (species and size). Possible female determinants of male mating/fertilization success include size (as an indicator of egg production capacity), signalling of sexual receptivity to males, delay from mate guarding to copulation and mating duration. Avenues for deeper exploration in males include the role of the number and morphometry of male sexual tubes during sperm transfer, and whether ejaculate size and sperm number can be adjusted with variable situations of sperm competition intensity and risk. In females it would be interesting to investigate the chemical and behavioural mechanisms affecting spermatophore breakage for sperm release and the variable duration from sperm transfer to spawning. Given these possibilities, and that sperm is externally deposited on the female's body but inside her shell (except for those species that do not use shells, e.g. Birgus, or species where shells are rather small and do not cover the body totally, e.g. Parapagurus), we conclude that hermit crabs are unique subjects for separating male and female effects, particularly with respect to the applicability of current ideas in sexual selection such as female choice and sexual conflict. Some practical ideas are provided to disentangle both hypotheses using these animals.


JavaScript is one of the most popular programming languages. However, its dynamic nature poses several challenges to automated testing techniques. In this paper, we propose an approach and open-source tool support to enable white-box testing of JavaScript applications using Search-Based Software Testing techniques. We provide an automated approach to collect search-based heuristics like the common Branch Distance. To empirically evaluate our results, we integrated our technique into the EvoMASTER test generation tool, and carried out analyses on the automated system testing of RESTful APIs. Experiments on 5 NodeJS APIs show that our technique leads to significantly better results than existing black-box and grey-box testing tools in terms of code coverage and fault detection.


An eight story tower block of reinforced concrete frame construction with single column loads varying from 230-440 tonnes was supported on single large diameter bored pile foundations. Tests indicated that piles 27 m long founded in the compact silt would satisfactorily support the required loads, the diameter of the piles being varied to suit the different loads. The boring of the piles was accomplished by a drilling rig with quadruple telescopic kelly bar mounted on a crawler crane. A short length of temporary casing tube was used at the tops of the piles and sealed in to the top of the firm grey silty clay at a depth of about 4,000 m below working level. Details of the construction are briefly outlined. Problems encourtered with claystone boulders are discussed, and comments are made on the bentonite suspension. Piling and tests were carried out in accordance with the specifications recommended by the Federation of Piling Specialists.


Abstract The critical dynamics at structural phase transitions is discussed. A microscopic theory for a dynamical central peak in SrTiO3 is proposed. The central peak results from the decay into a zone boundary phonon and an almost degenerate two-phonon resonance.


Discourse on mothering remains central in Muslim society including in Indonesia. Mother is assumed to be the one who responsible for the good attitude and success of her children. This assumption, in the mind of many Muslim people, needs to be sustained, even though many Muslim mothers are now active in public activities. This paper aims to look at discourse on mothering offered by authors of ten Islamic books published in Indonesia. The authors of the ten books offer new construction on mothering not really on the issue they raise but more to the strategies they use. Their opinions are on the contrary to many feminists' perspectives that believe mothering is a socially constructed task, not a merely biological issue. Therefore, anyone can do mothering. Applying ethnographical textual analysis, I raise some questions to these books: what do these authors say about the role of mother? Do they offer certain tips or advice on how to be good mothers? What Islamic texts do they use to strengthen their arguments? In my view the publications of these books are in line with the rise of conservatism within Indonesian Muslims, to bring back Muslim women to what they perceived as the appropriate way to do mothering. Millennial female Muslim generations are basically the targets of these authors.


Abstract Background: Adolescents attending Seventh-day Adventist schools (Adventist) in Australia tend to experience good health and exhibit better health behaviors than national norms, however few studies have investigated factors predicting their mental health. Aims: The aim of this study was to explore the complex network of factors that predict the mental health status (MHS) of adolescents attending Adventist schools in Australia. Methods: A survey instrument was used to collect data from 1527 secondary school students attending Adventist schools across Australia. Structural equation modeling was employed to examine concomitantly the direct and indirect effects of childhood experiences, present attitudes and selected health behaviors on MHS. Results: Childhood family dynamics had the strongest association with MHS (βtotal = 0.33) followed by a sense of meaning and purpose (βtotal = 0.27), perceived social misfit status (βtotal = –0.19), and school academic performance (βtotal = 0.18). Multi-group analysis found significant pathway differences in the model for gender with regards to the association of meaning and purpose, physical activity and sleep quantity with MHS. Conclusions: The outcomes of the study highlight the importance of early positive childhood family dynamics and the discovery of meaning and purpose during adolescence to promote positive mental health among adolescents.


Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare disease characterized by recurrent inflammation and the destruction of the cartilaginous structures. Airway manifestations are ultimately present in about 50% of patients with RP. Airway involvement, especially the large airway, is a dreaded complication of RP. We report a case of acute respiratory failure due to tracheobronchomalacia secondary to RP, which was treated with steroids, a tracheostomy, and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP).


Ultra-short pulses are generated by passively mode-locking an InGaAs/GaAs quantum well semiconductor laser incorporating a bend in the waveguide. Post-amplification of the pulses is achieved using a flared-waveguide semiconductor optical amplifier.


Objective To develop a new sutureless aortic prosthesis with adjustable ends in diam- eter and to conduct animal experiments by use of the new device.MethodsThe main part of the pros- thesis was made of Dacron graft.Several helical nickel-titanium alloy wires composed an overlapped net framework and embedded in the vascular ends.The prosthesis ends could be adjusted in diameter,and the way of the prosthesis anastomosis was direct ligature without conventional suture.Some swine descending aorta substitution experiments were carried out by use of the new devices and clinical assessment was done.ResultsOne of 8 cases died(mortality 12.5%).The prostheses were easy to replace,and the cross-clamping time was 8.5-14.0 rain(mean 11.6 min).No anastomosis site bleeding and spinal cord or renal injury were found for all survival animals.After 3-momh observation the prostheses were properly located and patent under angiography.There was no prosthesis shifting,thrombosis or pseudoaneurysms found.Pathological examination,immunohistochemistry and scan electron microscopy revealed that the prostheses were in good condition and well endothelialized.ConclusionThe novel adjustable sutureless aortic prosthesis is easy to use with good biocompatibility and has favorable clinical prospects.


Objective The objective of this study was to examine associations between level of depressive symptoms in older adult spouse/partner couples and their physical health and social factors (social activity and number of close friends). Methods Using data from 116 community-dwelling couples (age 76.2 ± 8.5), we simultaneously analyzed associations between depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale, range 0–11) and dyadic physical health, engagement in social activities, and connectedness with close friends. Results Greater engagement in social activities was associated with fewer depressive symptoms in men, whereas more close friendships were associated with fewer depressive symptoms in women, controlling for partner effects, age, education, and cognitive function, with good model fit. Additionally, more disparate physical health within the couple (latent incongruence score) was associated with greater depressive symptoms in men. Discussion Less social activity and fewer close friends were associated with depressive symptoms in older adult couples, but may be distinctly influential depending on gender and in the context of the older adult couple's physical health.


The so-called Hodge mechanism for the generation of 6-acetyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyridine, a major Maillard flavor compound in processed foods, from proline and 1,2-propanedione most probably does not involve the intermediacy of N-acetonyl-4-aminobutanal. This finding is based on model experiments in which suitably and doubly protected N-acetonyl-4-aminobutanal was hydrolyzed into the parent compound and in which no trace of the flavor compound could be detected


We report the experimental results for new type electrochemical capacitor using iodine redox reaction in single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). It was found that the energy density of the present redox capacitor using SWCNTs is almost three times larger than that of the normal electric double layer capacitor.


Gluteal-strengthening exercises are widely used for improving running performance. However, as running occurs primarily in the sagittal plane, such strength exercises have focused on the gluteus maximus and its role in producing ground reaction forces as a hip extensor. Meanwhile, strength deficits in the lateral gluteal muscles, the medius and minimus, are common among runners. This article will explore the role of the lateral gluteal muscles in running kinematics, performance, and injury, with implications for strength and conditioning professionals, sports medicine specialists, and physical therapists. Recommendations for strengthening the gluteus medius and minimus in runners will


Abstract: Objectives: To predict the novel vaccine peptide candidates against gacS protein involved with the citrate utilization in the two component system of A.baumannii associated virulence as an alternative strategy to combat the multi-drug resistant strains using immuno-informatic approach. Methods: The study is designed as an observational in-silico study design with the application of BepiPred, AlgPred, Vaxijen, AntigenPro, SolPro, Expasy Protparam server, IEDB database and MHC cluster analytical tools and servers to predict the immuno-dominant B-cell and T-cell epitopes from gacS FASTA sequences retrieved from UNIPROT database. Further peptide interactions with TLR-4 was assessed based on the number of hydrogen bonds. Results: 9 peptides (20aa) with the highest score of 1 were selected from the 137 epitopes and 5 were predicted as antigenic epitopes (E1 to E5). E3 was selected as the potent antigen (score: 0.939537) and E1 as the best vaccine candidate (score: 0.9803) under AntigenPro and Vaxijen server respectively. SolPro predicted all epitopes as soluble peptides. ProtParam predictions showed E3 and E5 as stable proteins with a shelf life of 3.5 hrs and 1.9 hrs and possessed negative GRAVY values. PsortB server predicted a final localization score of 7.88 for the gacS protein sequence as a cytoplasmic membrane protein. IEDB conservancy analysis showed 100% conserved sequences within the gacS sequence and class I conservancy yielded positive values for all epitopes. Cluster analysis showed strong interactions and the protein-peptide interactions with TLR-2 finally detected E5 as the best interacting peptide (H bonds=14) followed by E3 (H bonds=12). Conclusion: The study suggests 5 antigenic peptides as promiscuous vaccine candidates to target the gacS of A.baumannii using immuno-informatic approach towards the peptide synthesis and in-vitro analysis. However the study recommends further experimental validation for immunological response and memory through in-vivo studies.


Note: Book of Abstracts, 22nd Symposium on Fusion Technology, Helsinki, Finland, September 2002, 364 (2002) Reference CRPP-CONF-2002-069 Record created on 2008-05-13, modified on 2017-05-12


Background and Objectives: Handball is a sport that makes heavy demands on the players. The physical work is intermittent, involving high-intensity activity interspersed with short rest pauses. The game involves abrupt jerking movements and staccato footwork. In handball game players need to be able to move in all directions and change directions and change directions quickly, smoothly and efficiently. Sudden starts and stops wear out the body, and demand a lot of strength and motor skills for acceleration, deceleration and then immediate acceleration. Tendo-Achilles injury is common in sports that involve lots of jumping and quick changes in direction. This study was done to find the prevalence of Tendo-Achilles injury in the sub-elite handball players. Methods: The study group consisted of 90 sub-elite Handball players, 50 Females and 40 Males, both aged between 18-25 years who are playing Handball for 5 or more than 5 years. VISA-A questionnaire was used as the outcome tool to measure the severity of pain and injury in the Achilles region. Each subject was given the questionnaire and according to the score they were further evaluated. Conclusion: The results show that 56% of players had no pain during sports, 42% of players had mild pain and injury during sports, 2% of players had moderate pain and injury during sports and 0% of players had severe pain and injury during sports. A significant relation was found in between Achillestendon injury and sub-elite Handball players with p value of <0.0001.


The invention provides a method for detecting touched position on touch panel, a method for inspecting touch panel, and a touch panel inspecting apparatus. The method for detecting a touched position on a touch panel includes: acquiring a capacitance value detected in each sensing area of the touch panel; correcting each capacitance value, based on a correlation value table that stores therein a numerical influence to be exerted on the capacitance value in each sensing area by the capacitance value in the sensing area adjacent to each sensing area, and calculating a correlation correction value for each sensing area; retrieving the maximum value from among the correlation correction values; and defining the sensing area for which the correlation correction value is the maximum value, as a maximum area, calculating a centroid position as to an area including the maximum area and the sensing areas adjacent to the maximum area, based on the correlation correction values, and acquiring the calculated centroid position as a touched position.


Generally, this paper is expected to contribute to the preservation and development of the Balinese language. In addition, it is also expected to continue efforts to standardize the Balinese language, as well as be able to contribute in the field of Balinese teaching. Specifically, this paper describes the characteristics and types of Balinese numeral classifier. The theory used in this study is a structural Linguistic theory, from some linguistic books and library materials that are relevant to the problem of this paper. Numeral classifier is a word or form that indicates the noun group, which follows the numeral itself (Kridalaksana, 1982: 76). According to Ramlan (1985: 54), numeral classifier is a word that lies behind the numeral to form a phrase called as a numeral phrase, which may be located in front of the nominal word. In principle, the numeral classifier is a word behind (follows) the number and shows the group of nouns or a number of phrases and may (can) be followed by the noun but positioned in front of the noun. That understanding is used in identifying Balinese numeral classifier. By this theory, it is found that Balinese numeral classifiers have structural and semantic characteristics. Its structural characteristics include morphological features and syntactic features. Morphological features are divided into two, namely the characteristics of a single form and the characteristics of complex form. The semantic characteristic is used to count the number of the noun (people, animals, or goods), for example the word 'ekor' to indicate the existence of an animal. By the type of Balinese numeral classifier, there are two types, namely endocentric type, that is in the form of attributive endocentric and exocentric type.


purely objective manner. Now, however, a more subjective attitude may be justified. Clearly the extent to which a court may wish to distance itself from a revolution will depend upon all the circumstances. It might well be undesirable for a newly appointed expatriate puisne judge to approach such an issue otherwise than objectively; yet, where a judge has greater experience in and a greater allegiance to a country, he may be justified in taking certain wider considerations into account, such as the record of the pre-revolutionary government in relation to fundamental rights in comparison with the prospects held out by the new, revolutionary regime. Thus, although Mitchell v. D.P.P. is of interest as it establishes that popular support is an essential requirement of revolutionary legality, the more interventionist attitude of the Chief Justice, not without support in the Court of Appeal, may prove to be of greater relevance and value as a precedent in many Commonwealth countries.


Co-Al-W alloy is a kind of novel Co-based superalloy strengthened by ternary compoundγ′-Co_3 (Al,W) phase with the precipitation strengthening onγ-Co matrix.The paper studies the kinetic of hot corrosion of Co-Al-W superalloy at 800℃in 75%Na_2SO_4+25%NaCl molten salt and the effect on hot corrosion behavior of Co-Al-W alloy with alloying elements of Mo,Nb,Ta and Ti.The results show that the alloy of 2Mo,2Nb,2Ta and 2Ti have the superior anti-hot corrosion ability compared to 9.8W alloy.The anti-hot corrosion ability of Co-Al-W alloy with alloying elements Ta and Nb are inferior to Co-Al-W alloy adding Mo and Ti elements.The hot corrosion oxide scale with alloying elements of Mo,Nb,Ta and Ti is still made up of three layers,that is the external corrosion layer consists of Co oxide CoO and Co_3O_4,the intermediate mixed oxides layer composed of complex oxide and nonuniform oxide layer of alloying elements,Co,Al,W and an internal attacked layer with different compounds of Co,Al and O.With the increasing of corrosion times,the intermediate mixed oxides layer becomes thicker,the thickness of internal and external layer almost has no change,but compactness of internal layer is gradually increased.


An extravascular system to access the vascular system of a patient, comprising: an adapter (18) catheter, which defines a groove (72); a needle (30), disposed within the adapter (18) of the catheter; and unconjunto protection needle tip having a cap or plug (24) needle, so that eltapon (24) needle has a protection (58) needle, and protection (58) needle has a detent or catch (68); retail so that the pawl (68) engages the groove or contact (72) of the adapter (18) of the catheter to deasegurar protecting needle tip adapter (18) of the catheter; and so that the pawl (68) impideuna premature separation from the groove (72); and wherein the pawl (68) communicates with existing unaprolongacion (66) on the cover (58) of the needle by forming a fold (78) between the catch (68) and the extension (66); characterized in that the fold (78) includes at least one incision (76).


In this article I critically survey non-edited books on political and legal philosophy that have been composed by those working in the sub-Saharan African tradition and have appeared in print since 2016. These monographs principally address political, distributive, and criminal justice at the domestic level, with this article recounting the essentials of these texts as well as noting prima facie weaknesses in their positions and gaps in current research agendas. My aims are to enable readers to obtain a bird's-eye picture of key works in recent African political and legal philosophy and to suggest some plausible ways to advance debates.


It can be said, that every day the world is changing faster than ever before. Changes in access to information, speed of technology development and transfer of knowledge create this situation. Nowadays the companies have to be faster than their competitors to be the best and to survive on the global market. E-learning is a tool, which gives everybody opportunity to gain the fast knowledge anytime and anywhere you are. E-learnig is a tool which is being used by international cooporations, and it is a tool which should be more and more popular in small and medium-sized enterprises all over the world, to make them successful on the national and international markets.


AUTHOR SheehanT. Joseph; And Others TITLE Improving Physician Skills in Managing Morally Problematic Cases. SPONS AGENCY Aetna Life and Casualty Foundetion, Inc., Hartford, CT.; National Fund for Medical Education, Cleveland, Ohio. PUB DATE Apr 87 NOTE 28p.; Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association (Washington, DC, April 20-24, 1987). PUB TiPE Reports Research/Technical 1143) == Speeches/Conference Papers (150)


The implementation of this project aims to develop a digital marketing plan to increase the sales of Logimovil, Claro's authorized distributor, a mixed methodological approach was used to obtain information through the interview from experienced sources in the telecommunications sector and the implementation of digital strategies, with the quantitative approach, the quantitative approach sought information through a survey of the economically active population of the city of Quito know their tastes, as well as their needs and experiences in terms of cell phone services, also a diagnosis was made to know the internal and external factors that influence the company through matrices, where it could be detected that there are strengths that are not being used in favor of the company, as well as opportunities that must be taken advantage of, therefore these situations justify the realization of this study. The project will be carried out in order to design strategies both traditionally and digitally, based on the theories of marketing mix and the new 4ps applicable to digital marketing, all based on the results obtained in the surveys and interviews, so it allowed the digital marketing plan to be developed.
Keywords
Digital marketing, strategies, services, planning, metrics


A fast technique that combines the method of asymptotic waveform evaluation (AWE) and the hybrid finite-element boundary-integral (FE-BI) method is introduced for the analysis of cavity-backed microstrip patch antennas residing on a dispersive substrate. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the technique.


Research suggests that mental health-related stigma significantly decreases the use of mental health services by military personnel and veterans. The goal of this article is to review what is known about mental health stigma as it relates to military personnel and veterans, as well as to offer an interpretive review of self-stigma intervention strategies that have been applied within the field. Target areas for future work and the concerns and challenges faced by interventionists are discussed.


1.Introduction Separation by adsorption in supercritical fluid might have some possibility. There, diffusion in micropore of adsorbent might be a controlling factor. In this study, chromatographic measurements were made for the adsorption of benzene, toluene and mxylene on molecular sieving carbon (MSC) in supercritical fluid CO2. Supercritical chromatograph packed with MSC was used to detect pulse responses of organics. Adsorption equilibria and adsorption dynamics for organics were obtained by moment analysis of the response peaks. Dependences of apparent adsorption equilibrium constants, K*, and micropore diffusivity, D, on the amount adsorbed were examined.


Certain approaches to appraising voltage stability use an equivalent impedance to characterise the wider power system. This letter proposes two new ways of inferring an appropriate equivalent impedance from a power system's admittance matrix. Continuation power flow simulations are used to validate the quality of the new estimators, and to benchmark them against some extant approaches.


The invention discloses a vacuum heat preservation container bottom sealing structure and a sealing method thereof. The sealing structure comprises a vacuum heat preservation container outer tube, a vacuum hole, and a ladder groove, wherein the bottom of the vacuum heat preservation container outer tube is concave axially and inwardly to form the ladder groove; the vacuum hole is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum heat preservation container outer tube and located at the top part of the ladder groove; the ladder groove comprises a first round groove and a second round groove sequentially from top to bottom, the first round groove is internally filled with a sealing material for sealing and blocking the vacuum hole, the second round groove is internally welded with a round sealing piece for protecting the sealing material, the top diameter of the second round groove is smaller than the bottom diameter, and the diameter of the round sealing piece is smaller than the bottom diameter of the second round groove; and the edge part of the sealing piece fills a side wall gap formed between the side wall of the second round groove and the side wall of the sealing piece in a melted mode. The round sealing piece is fixed in the groove by adopting a laser welding mode, the gap is left between the round sealing piece and the sealing material, and the sealing material can be protected when the bottom of the heat preservation container outer tube is subjected to impact.


this teleological difficulty. Confinement to bed, malignancy, vital exhaustion and medication-induced sedation all enhance the risks of aspiration pneumonia, positional pulmonary congestion and deep vein thromboses. Freud's death certificate stated 'pulmonary oedema', and it was noted by Schur that he was experiencing heart failure several days before death. The immediate cause of death might conceivably have been cardiac related. Morphine is occasionally indicated for terminal cardiac distress. Schur commented on his patient's lack of reserves, an observation in modern terminology usually referred to as vital exhaustion. Often, the cause of death in advanced cancer is probably vital exhaustion or generalised physiological collapse from the burden of disease. To conclude, there are indicators from the available literature to suggest that the Herr Professor died a natural death, no doubt appreciative of his doctor's (or doctors') administered analgesia/sedation. Freud had reluctantly left Vienna for London 'to die in freedom'. This he achieved probably without the mortal interventions of his attendants. Palliative Medicine's remit is to support nature and not prolong dying when symptoms are refractory to medical and spiritual interventions. There are arguments to favour hastening death in those suffering from a terminal illness, although not always compelling from a strictly medical perspective, but citing the death of Freud as euthanasia probably does not have a medically persuasive supporting case.


Uzbekistan is a multi-ethnic, multi-confessional country. In the context of globalization, arbitrariness and the intensification of conflicts in one region threaten all parts of the world. In recent years, there have been many disturbances and conspiracies related to religious factors in the world. These incidents demonstrate that the formation and strengthening of a culture of religious tolerance, respect and cooperation among representatives of different faiths is an objective historical necessity. At the same time, the role of religious knowledge in strengthening and preserving peace and stability, as well as harmony among peoples and religions, is incomparable. This article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the teachings of world religions, as well as the definition, history and structure of temples. In particular, it describes the interior decoration of temples, the activities of priests, as well as vestments of religious rank and attributes of the temple.


Abstract A simple and sensitive electrochemical technique for the convenient determination of trace amounts of ruthenium was developed, based on the catalytic current of a Ru(III)–bromate system on the surface of a hanging mercury electrode at about −0.2 V versus Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The influence of reagent and instrumental variables was completely studied by factorial design analysis. Optimum analytical conditions for the determination of ruthenium were established. Ruthenium(III) can be determined in the range 0.005–0.350 μg/ml with a limit of detection of 0.003 μg/ml. The influence of potential interfering substances on the determination of ruthenium was studied. The method was evaluated by analyzing synthetic samples.


This article evaluates the performance of two techniques for query reformulation in a system for information retrieval, namely, the concept based and the pseudo relevance feedback reformulation. The experiments performed on a corpus of Arabic text have allowed us to compare the contribution of these two reformulation techniques in improving the performance of an information retrieval system for Arabic texts.


Introduction: The use of combined rituximab (R)-bendamustine(B) has shown to be effective in terms of overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in pts with relapsed/refractory CLL. Based on the enhanced in vitro and in vivo anti-CLL activity of obinutuzumab compared to rituximab, we designed this phase II study to evaluate the efficacy of obinutuzumab(Obi) with B in patients (pts) with relapsed or refractory CLL. Methods Between April 2014 and April 2017, 72 adult pts with relapsed or refractory CD20+ CLL (according to NCI criteria) and active disease (IWCLL 2008) were included in this prospective, multicenter, non-comparative, phase II study. Pts received up to six-28-day cycles of treatment consisting of obinutuzumab (1000 mg) given by intravenous (IV) infusion on Days (D) 1, 8, and 15 of Cycle 1 and on D1 of subsequent cycles, and B (70 mg/m2) by IV infusion on D2 and 3 of Cycle 1 and on D1 and 2 of subsequent cycles. The primary endpoint was ORR (by IWCLL 2008); secondary endpoints included best RR, OS and PFS, duration of response and minimal residual disease (MRD) rate detected by multicolor flow cytometry (sensitivity: 1 CLL cell in 10-4). We present the results of an interim analysis at 6 months of last Obi-B cycle with the data cut-off date of 25th of April of 2017. Results. Pts were mostly male (66.7%), with a median age of 67.9 (61.6-72.7) years and ECOG 0 in 62.5% of them. Rai clinical stage was low/intermediate (0-II) in 52.8% pts and high-risk (III-IV) in 47.2% pts. Forty eight pts relapsed after an FC+/-R (58.3%) or B-R (8.3%) therapy and 7(9.7%) pts were refractory to last immunochemotherapy. Expression of CD38 (>30%), CD49D (>20%), ZAP-70 was seen in 15.3%, 55.6%, and 39.4% of pts respectively, and unmutated immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (IGHV) status in 75.0% of pts. Genetic abnormalities detected by FISH and Sanger sequencing were: del13q(44.4%), trisomy 12(18.05%), del11q/ATMmutation(43.05%), del17p/p53mutation (26.3%), mutations of BIRC3(4.1%), SF3B1(9.7%) and NOTCH1(23.6%). Out of 72 enrolled pts, 80.6% and 79.2% completed 6 cycles of treatment with Obi and B respectively. Median (range) treatment duration was 4.9 (4.6-5.1) months. Obi doses were modified in 75% of pts (premature discontinuations: 4%; infusion rate reduction: 15.9%; temporarily interruptions: 77.8%). B was modified in 52.8% of pts (premature discontinuations: 7.2%; temporarily interruptions: 55.4%; dose reductions: 30.1; dose reduction rate: 2.4%). On an intent to treat analysis, 70(97.2%) pts were evaluable for efficacy according to protocol, the ORR was 81.4 % (CR 35.7%, CRi 7.1% and PR 38.6%), PD (2.9%) and SD (5.7%). In the 7 pts with refractory CLL, the ORR was 71.4% (CR 42.9%, CRi 14.3% and PR 14.3%) and SD 28.6%. After a median follow-up of 13.7 months, the median PFS was 27.0 months (figure 1). The median time to retreatment 33.8 months (figure 2). Significant differences were found in the PFS according to MRD status in Bone Marrow (Category: Cat.0: MRD level 0.1: 12.1 months; p Conclusions This interim analysis anticipates that the combination of obinutuzumab with Bendamustine is feasible, effective with an ORR of 81.4% and manageable in relapsed/refractory CLL. Achievement of MRD negativity in the bone marrow of pts treated with Obinutuzumab+Bendamustine seems associated with a longer PFS regardless of genetic abnormalities. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


A convenient procedure for the preparation of 2,3- and 1,2,3-substituted quinolines from α-methylene-ketones, viaβ-chlorovinyladehydes, is described. A mechanism for the cyclisation is proposed. The n.m.r. spectra of a number of quinolines and quinolinium salts are recorded.


As I Lay Dying is an experimental novel by William Faulkner at that time.The novel constitutes by 15 character's internal monologues.The author attempts to display each character's different thinking mode and the different disposition through each one's monologue,and to show their different reflection as a whole to the same event.The work is all about the characters' psychological activity and several persons' psychological activities put together a novel look like the polarization of rich and poor to be the same.But this picture is incomplete and it is needed to guess those pictures which are not depicted,depending on the existing design.These designs are not beautiful,because they reflect that the characters' psychology is unhealthy.In this novel,the writer has revelated the status and spirit crisis of riff raffs in south America profoundly for us,and has exposed the people's mental "scar" at that time.


Recently Wickersham [1964] has attempted to explain ionospheric irregularities observed by Tveten [1961] in terms of interaction between radio waves and acoustic waves propagating in a duct at 85-km altitude. Tveten, using a backscatter technique, observed anomalies in range-time records and attributed these to 'ripples' or irregularities with an apparent motion in the ionospheric medium at F2 region heights.

There is not much doubt that these irregularities are similar to those observed by other techniques; in fact, Tveten has identified irregularities in backscatter records with the disturbances Munro [1950] and Munro and Heisler [1956a, b] observed using vertical incidence ionospheric sounding techniques. Observed velocities are similar to those measured by Tveten. Furthermore, direction of movement is consistent with that Toman [1955] observed using a technique similar to Munro's and with that obtained from studies of ionograms [Munro, 1957; Heisler, 1958]. Observations in both cases were made in the same geographical area as those made by Tveten and during the same season of the year.


Abstract: A high yielding solid-phase dimerisation of 2-naphthol by means of a ball-milling procedure is described. Present address: Nycomed Innovation AB, Ideon Malm⊘, S-20512, Malm⊘, Sweden.


Antimicrobial activity of 235 natural flavor and fragrance materials was investigated using 4 bacteria and 2 fungi. Antimicrobial activity against bacteria and yeast was defined as percent inhibition of viable cell count after incubation with sample in phosphate buffer for 10min. Antimicrobial activity against mold was defined as percent inhibition of colony area on agar plate containing sample. Two hundred and three samples were very effective against at least one of the six test microorganisms. Samples consisting of chain terpene alcohols, cyclic carbonyl compounds, cyclic ethers and phenolic compounds as major components were very effective against S. aureus and/or P. aeruginosa. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by agar dilution method. Samples which showed 100% of antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and A. niger at 1000ppm gave a MIC of 2000ppm or over. Antimicrobial activities of samples were compared with that of p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters. Forty-eight samples were more effective than methyl p-hydroxybenzoate. The degree of antimicrobial activities of eight samples followed the same order as that of n-propyl p-hydroxybenzoate and n-butyl p-hydroxybenzoate.


The farming communities in the Christiana district with a population of close to 21 000 residents struggled with issues including poverty, unemployment, financial problems, alcoholism, occultism and Satanism and family issues such as father absence, fatherlessness and single parenting. An intervention that included training and equipping of fathers, who were farm workers from the local faith community, was necessary and crucial. Farm workers (faith communities) responded to the need for a biblical fatherhood programme. Human fatherhood should be recognised and given serious consideration because it gave an anticipation of who God the Father is. If human fatherhood did not exist, then all truth and knowledge about God the Father would be void and insignificant. Fatherhood today is an element of broken families and perhaps the most threatened element in the world. The aim of this article was to lessen the social issue of father absence through the implementation of the Biblical Fatherhood Programme. The programme has a biblical nature to solve social ills within communities. The programme was developed from a practical-theological study on fatherhood, with the primary reason to train and equip participants with fatherhood knowledge. This article presents a reflective and community engagement strategy, based on the author's reflection of items that arose when a biblical fatherhood programme was presented to farm workers in the Christiana district of South Africa. Reflection as a methodology enabled researchers and practitioners to theorise from their own practice, improving and developing their work. Reflection was a turning back onto 'a self' where the researcher was the observer of the scenario. Reflection was also a significant and mental activity for researchers to use in their work with participants. The results and this article presented the reflective, rather than empirical findings of the programme implementation. The training intervention was presented in a narrative form and based on research about the essence of fatherhood. This was conceptualised from biblical truth and perspective. Participants showed immense interest in the programme and the Bible. Their theological views concerning the Bible for answers were crucial to their problems and situations. Participants' spiritual life was pivotal to enjoy healthy relationships with God.Contribution: The programme contributed monumentally to the lives of participants. It was impossible for participants to live their lives without the Bible. The Bible is not just an authoritative source of teaching, but it speaks of human fatherhood and serves as a guideline to enunciate the care of God the Father.


Three monomeric, base-free tris(primary amido) compounds of the type E[N(H)Mes*](3) (1, E = Al; 2, E = Ga; 3, E = In; Mes* = 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl) have been synthesized via the salt elimination reaction of Mes*N-(H)Li with ECl3. The singly base-stabilized tris(primary amido) derivatives, [E{N(H)Dipp}(3)(py)] (7, E = Al; 8, E = Ga; Dipp = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl), have been prepared via the amine elimination reaction of H(2)NDipp with [E(NMe2)(3)](2). The related indium compound, [In{N(H)Dipp}(3)(py)(2)] (9), which features two coordinated bases, was prepared by treatment of DippN(H)Li with InCl3 followed by pyridine. The X-ray crystal structures of 3, 8, and 9 have been determined.


Water meters provide the basis for generation of monthly water consumption invoices by the utility for all its customers. This makes the water meters an integral part of the utility's asset base. However, like any asset, these meters sometimes fail to function as expected and may under register or not register any water consumption by the customers. When this happens, the revenues of the utility are at risk.
The effective management of water meters by utilities needs to consider the individual risks that each meter poses to the utility in the undesirable event that such a meter fails to register consumption by the customer. A number of studies have been made by other scholars on the performance of meters, but with little or no integration of GIS as a decision support tool for their management. The different locations where these meters are installed needs to be considered in inform effective management.
Materials and Methods
This study integrates GIS as a decision support tool in managing the risks associated to meter failure. The risk associated to each water meter is determined as a product of the probability of meter failure and the criticality of such a meter. The probability of meter failure is estimated by a meter failure index that is computed from the age of the meter and the criticality of each meter is estimated by the average monthly volume of water dispensed by the water meter.
The risk maps generated help to inform staff deployment for effective meter monitoring as well as planning for their replacement by the water utility


Mr. Pernick is a personnel research psychologist with GAO's Office of Organization and Human Development. Prior to this he spent 3 years as an internal consultant on the agency's Organization Development staff. Mr. Pernick's current organizational activities include designing career management systems, developing performance appraisal systems, and teaching management development courses on performance improvement. He holds a master's degree in organization behavior from Nev*' York Institute of Technology. An In t^ra ted .^pproaeh to Human Resouree Management


The threshold for the onset of breaking proposed by Barthelemy et al. (arXiv:1508.06002v1, 2015) has been investigated in the laboratory for unidirectional wave groups in deep water and extended to include different classes of wave groups and moderate wind forcing. Thermal image velocimetry was used to compare measurements of the wave crest point (maximum elevation and also the point of maximum) surface water particle velocity ( $U_{s}$ ) with the wave crest point speed ( $C$ ) determined by an array of closely spaced wave gauges. The crest point surface energy flux ratio $B_{x}=U_{s}/C$ that distinguishes maximum recurrence from marginal breaking was found to be $0.840\pm 0.016$ . Increasing wind forcing from zero to $U_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}/4}/C_{0}=1.42$ systematically increased this threshold by 2 %. Increasing the spectral bandwidth (decreasing the Benjamin–Feir index from 0.39 to 0.31) systematically reduced the threshold by 1.5 %.


Diversity technology is widely used since it is efficient in combating multi-path fading.Space time block codes(STBC) and maximum ratio combining(MRC) are two efficient diversity technologies.In this paper,an improved algorithm combining STBC and MRC is proposed.The signal-to-noise ratios(SNR) of the two technologies are calculated respectively based on the exact channel information.Then the method with higher SNR is adopted in the transmission to improve the receiving SNR of the system.Simulation results show that the new algorithm outperforms STBC and MRC by approximately 3~4 dB at BER 10-3.


the specificity of the components of empathy of volunteers providing social assistance to the population in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic was determined; the average degree of expression of the components of empathy, empathic empathy and empathy of an effective orientation; lower average severity of identification, general and penetrating empathy, intuitiveness, rationality and emotionality of empathy, empathic attitudes. Found: a marked connection between: effective and empathic empathy; identification and general empathy; intuitiveness of empathy and general empathy; general and penetrating empathy, and empathic attitudes; empathic empathy and empathy; moderate connection between: effective empathy and empathy; identification and empathic empathy, and empathic attitudes, and the intuitiveness of empathy, and the rationality of empathy; general empathy and rationality of empathy, and the emotionality of empathy, and empathy, and empathic empathy; penetrating empathy and emotionality of empathy, and empathy, and empathic attitudes; the rationality of empathy and empathic empathy; empathic empathy and emotionality of empathy; emotionality of empathy and empathy; weak link between: effective empathy and the emotionality of empathy; penetrating and empathic empathy; empathic and empathic attitudes. It has been proven that the higher the effective, identification, intuitive and empathic empathy, the higher the general and penetrating empathy, as well as empathic attitudes.


The effects of randomness of food supply on the composition of a model community with a single trophic level was studied by the use of a Monte Carlo model. Many of the features of benthic communities, including co-existence of many species in apparent species mosaics, can be seen to be responses to the random food distribution. Measures of diversity and species dominance may actually be indirectly indicating rate of food supply.


Learning by doing (hereafter LBD) refers to the improvement in performance arising from accumulated experience. Such improvement has been observed for individual tasks (e.g., individuals playing the violin); organizational activities (e.g., building a product); and overall organizational performance. This review is largely limited to LBD in organizational activities and organizational performance outcomes, such as productivity, cost, and profitability. The LBD effect was first described by an aeronautical engineer, T. P. Wright, in the production of airframes. In 1936 he observed a reduction in labor cost as the cumulative number of airframes produced increased. A seminal paper "The Economic Implications of Learning by Doing," formally modeled the economic implications of LBD and provided related assumptions and outcomes associated with it (Arrow 1962). The key idea of LBD is that repeated practice leads to perfection ("practice makes perfect"). Manufacturing tasks are often highly repetitive and routinized, and hence the earliest studies of LBD, especially in economics, examined learning curves in manufacturing and studied the association between accumulated production experience and production costs. More recent research, especially in the field of management, investigates whether LBD also exists in such complex and less repetitive tasks as innovation, alliances, and expansions. This literature appears to find LBD in such nonmanufacturing activities and highlights factors that matter for LBD in these activities. While traditional LBD has focused on learning as a byproduct of experience (first-order learning), there is a large related literature on managerial actions or factors that bring about such accumulation of learning (second-order learning). Studies have also extended LBD to other types of experience beyond the organization's own production experience, including vicarious learning and learning from failure. Thus LBD today is a broader concept than traditional manufacturing-focused learning curves that have portrayed how cost is reduced with cumulative production output. LBD is a subset of the broader phenomenon of organizational learning, though the boundaries between the two are nebulous. While LBD relates cumulative experience directly to performance outcomes, organizational learning is more general and focuses on how knowledge is created, transferred, and retained among the individual, team, and organization levels. Apart from organizational learning, other theories are connected to or can be used to complement LBD research, including the behavior theory of the firm, the attribution theory in psychology, and the resource-based view.


In this paper the recently proposed algebraic multilevel iteration method for iterative solution of elliptic boundary value problems with anisotropy and discontinuous coefficients is studied. Based on a special approximation of the blocks corresponding to the new nodes at every discretization level, an optimal order preconditioner with respect to the arithmetic cost independent of both the discontinuity and the anisotropy of the coefficients is constructed. The advantages of the proposed algorithms are illustrated by numerical tests.


The objective of this task was to validate the models of degradation mechanisms early developed against data from experiments and demonstration, in particular by quantifying the time scale of accelerated testing protocols against long-term degradation data. This was possible by comparing the results from the 2000 hours stack run at EK with the degradation rates observed during the accelerated stress tests at FESB. An equivalent of 0.75 to 1.23 cycles in the accelerated stress test to one hour of stack operating time has been obtained, depending whether the cell was allowed rejuvenation or not. Unfortunately, because of unsteady operating conditions and because of the short duration of stacks operation at the test bench and in the trailer, it was not possible to detect any degradation patterns in order to compare them to the results from the accelerated stress tests. Previously proposed and developed method for single measurement of low frequency impedance intercept was first tested on full stack at EK and then incorporated in the trailer as a predictive function of the control unit. During the commissioning and trial runs of the trailer, an attempt was made to measure low frequency impedance.


The areas of application for copper powder and copper alloy powder in powder metallurgy or related fields are diverse. Additional costs are incurred in the adaptation of the processing properties to the respective processing technology. However, to a great extent these can be minimised if the powder producer and the powder processor work closely together, provided that the interrelations between powder production, preparation and processing are given due consideration. The present work gives rise to deliberations in this connection.


The dielectric and ferroelectric behaviors of relaxor ferroelectrics over the ferroelectric transition range are simulated using Monte Carlo simulation. The simulation is based on the Ginzburg-Landau ferroelectric model lattice in which a random distribution of two types of defects (dopants) which will suppress and enhance the local polarization, respectively, is assumed. The simulation reveals an evolution of the ferroelectric transitions from a normal first-order mode toward a diffusive mode, with increasing defect concentration. The simulated lattice configuration shows the microdipole ordered clusters embedded in the matrix of paraelectric phase over a wide range of temperature, a characteristic of relaxor ferroelectrics. The relaxor-like behaviors are confirmed by the lattice free energy, dielectric susceptibility, and ferroelectric relaxation evaluated as a function of the defect concentration. Finally, we present a qualitative comparison of our simulated results with the simulation based on the coarse-grain model [C. C. Su, B. Vugmeister, and A. G. Khachaturyan, J. Appl. Phys. 90, 6345 (2001)]. (C) 2004 American Institute of Physics.


The contributions to this Forum suggest that to take seriously Luhmann's thought bears the danger of buying into a "new" grand theory, a new universal hammer pushing us to a point where we have to ask ourselves whether we really want to see the world as a nail. The counter-arguments then either point to some forgotten ingredient (Hindess 2009; Robertson 2009; Thomas 2009) or to a multiplicity of existing rationalities and world views (Leander 2009), an entire box of different tools where the new "grand" theory looks like alchemy; maybe interesting if not mysterious but at the same time a fad from yesterday, esoteric and essentially dead. Reading the contributions, it is astonishing that one of the key terms Luhmann used to put systems theory on a completely different ontological and epistemological footing is not mentioned at all: autopoiesis (Luhmann 1995). Of course, it is beyond the scope of this contribution to discuss all its implications, but hopefully some remarks in this respect will alleviate some of the raised reservations. With the notion of autopoiesis, Luhmann separated the individual from the social and argued that society is a complex, meaning constituted system consisting of and reproduced by communication only. He thereby provides an avenue for a (radical) constructivist approach to conceptualize social processes that is open for self-referential thought and consequently directed against ideas of an external perspective or a social whole. For Luhmann, reality is never fixed or directly observable. I will argue in two steps: The first section shows why I do not think that systems theory per se adheres to a new form of rationalism or "scientism," a renewed plea for the scientific method by giving up any autonomy for the social sciences. The second section uses the notion of autopoiesis to argue that systems …


Objectives : The aim of this study was to analyze the surgical results and the prognosis in patients with complete transposition of the great arteries (TGA). Study design : A group of 64 children with complete TGA out of 272 patients with critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) from the region of North-East Bulgaria was retrospectively followed for a period of 25 years (1987–2011 year). Methods of investigations include: clinical examination, electrocardiography, conventional radiography, echocardiography and cardiac catheterization. Surgical results were based on a scale, elaborated by us. Results : Complete TGA is the most frequent CCHD in the region of North-East Bulgaria – 23%, and in 64.1% of the cases it was associated with other cardiac malformations. Surgical correction was performed in 41 of the children (64.1%) with TGA - an average 2.17 interventions on each patient. The overall postoperative mortality rate was 43.9% and it was highest if concomitant lesions were presented, such as pulmonary stenosis or atresia, criss-cross atrioventricular connection and others – up to 50-60%. The balloon atrioseptostomy was the most common initial palliative procedure, performed in 83% of the newborns at a mean age of 7.1days and a mortality rate - 8.8%. In 31 of the children (75.6%) a complete corrective intervention was made. The most frequent was arterial switch operation (ASO) - 16 children (51%). Six of the children died – 37.5%, but the mean age of which the surgery was performed was significantly higher – 32.2 days in contrast to 16.8 days for the whole group (p<0.05). The surgical results on the 5th year were assessed as good/very good in 4 of the children and satisfactory in 1 child. Senning procedure was performed in 8 of the patients (26%) with a mortality rate of 25%. Four of the children (13%) undergone Rastelli or REV procedure and 3 of them (10%) had one-chambered Fontan procedure. Conclusions : Complete TGA is the most frequent CCHD. The associated cardiac malformations have significant influence upon the prognosis and the surgical results. On different reasons still significantly high number of children with TGA remains without corrective interventions. The fundamental corrective procedure is ASO and the delayed intervention leads to unsatisfactory postoperative results.


Before the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) decides whether to fund a program to reintroduce coho salmon to mid-Columbia River basin tributaries, research is needed to determine the ecological risks and biological feasibility of such an effort. Since the early 1900s, the native stock of coho has been decimated in the tributaries of the middle reach of the Columbia River. The four Columbia River Treaty Tribes identified coho reintroduction in the mid-Columbia as a priority in the Tribal Restoration Plan. It is a comprehensive plan put forward by the Tribes to restore the Columbia River fisheries. In 1996, the Northwest Power Planning Council (NPPC) recommended the tribal mid-Columbia reintroduction project for funding by BPA. It was identified as one of fifteen high-priority supplementation projects for the Columbia River basin, and was incorporated into the NPPC`s Fish and Wildlife Program. The release of coho from lower Columbia hatcheries into mid-Columbia tributaries is also recognized in the Columbia River Fish Management Plan.


We propose a new theory beyond the standard model of elementary-particle physics. Employing the concept of a quantized spacetime, our theory demonstrates that the zero-point energy of the vacuum alone is sufficient to create all the fields, including gravity, the static electromagnetic field, and the weak and strong interactions. No serious undetermined parameters are assumed. Furthermore, the relations between the forces at the quantum-mechanics level is made clear. Using these relations, we quantize Einstein's gravitational equation and explain the Dark Energy in our universe. Beginning with the zero-point energy of the vacuum, and after quantizing Newtonian gravity, we combine the energies of a static electromagnetic field and gravity in a quantum spacetime. Applying these results to the Einstein gravity equation, we substitute the energy density derived from the zero-point energy in addition to redefining differentials in a quantized spacetime. We thus derive the quantized Einstein gravitational equation without assuming the existence of macroscopic masses. This also explains the existence of the Dark Energy in the universe. For the weak interaction, by considering plane-wave electron and the zero-point energy, we obtain a wavefunction that represents a β collapse. In this process, from a different point of view than Weinberg-Salam theory, we derive the masses of the W and Z bosons and the neutrino, and we calculate the radius of the neutron. For the strong interaction, we previously reported an analytical theory for calculating the mass of a proton by considering a specific linear attractive potential obtained from the zero-point energy, which agrees well with the measurements. In the present study, we calculate the strong interaction between two nucleons, i.e., the mass of the pi-meson. The resulting calculated quantities agree with the measurements, which verifies our proposed theory.


Editor's Introduction: The utility and relevance of historical research and writing are ably demonstrated in this account of an early contest over wilderness in Minnesota. Author R. Newell Searle focuses on events of more than fifty years ago, but those who follow the present controversy over the Boundary Waters Canoe Area (SWCA) will recognize continuity in both the alignment of forces and the arguments for and against wilderness. Searle's article Is derived from Chapter 2, "Roads and the Wilderness Idea," of SAVINGQUETICOSUPERIOR: A LAND SET APART, published in 19n by the Minnesota Historical Society, and is used here with permission.


Objective: To evaluate the effect of heparanase antisense oligodeoxynucleotide(AS-OND) on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2)and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2)in human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC-7901. Methods: Human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line SGC-7901 was transfected with liposome-mediated heparanase AS-OND. The expression of heparanase mRNA was detected after transfection by semi-quantitative total RNAs RT-PCR. The changes of MMP-2 and TIMP-2 were observed by immunocytochemistry. Results: The expressions of heparanase mRNA and MMP-2 of SGC-7901 cells treated with AS-ODN of different final concentrations were significantly decreased 48 hours later compared with those of the controls (P0.01). Conclusion: Heparanase AS-ODN has a significant inhibitory effect on the expression of MMP-2 in human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC-7901 .


We have demonstrated a 0.98-/spl mu/m wavelength tapered broad-area amplifier with a monolithically integrated aspherical waveguide lens. CW output exceeding 1 W from the amplifier-lens chip was measured with 10 mW input from a 0.98-/spl mu/m diode laser. The integrated semiconductor waveguide lens focused the amplifier output to a 8 /spl mu/m/spl times/3 /spl mu/m spot, which was measured at output power up to about 0.5 W, corresponding to 2.5 times the diffraction limit The beam propagation method was used to model the integrated amplifier-lens chip, and the calculated focal distances agree with the experiment to within 5%. The integrated lens may be used for output coupling to a single mode fiber with the requirement that the focal point should be positioned on the output facet. Based on BPM simulation, however, the focal point position becomes uncritical if a single mode output waveguide is integrated. Our results indicate that the waveguiding lens is a useful component for the design of high-power photonic integrated circuits. >


The Hill Equation and Hill Coefficient have been used extensively in biochemistry for the description of noncovalent binding. Previously, the Hill Coefficient was correlated with the Gibbs free energy, which suggests that the Hill Equation might be extensible to covalent binding phenomena. To evaluate this possibility, the Hill Equation was compared to the Debye Model and Einstein Solid in the calculation of heat capacity for 53 covalent solids, which included stainless steels and refractory ceramics. Hill Equation specific heat predictions showed a standard error of 0.37 J/(mole⋅Kelvin), whereas errors from the Debye Model and Einstein Solid were higher at 0.45 J/(mole⋅Kelvin) and 0.81 J/(mole⋅Kelvin), respectively. Furthermore, the Hill Equation is computationally efficient, a feature that can accelerate industrial chemical process simulation(s). Given its speed, simplicity, and accuracy, the Hill Equation likely offers an alternative means of specific heat calculation in chemical process models.


In the context of coverage enhancement of 5G uplink control channel, we propose a non-coherent signaling based on 2nd-order Reed-Muller constellations that come by design with a low-complexity chirp reconstruction algorithm (ChirpRA). Non-coherent multi-dimensional constellations are known to provide performance gains but often believed to be at the cost of an increased detection complexity. We show, in a practical and realistic setting, that in fact the proposed non-coherent design with the discussed low-complexity decoding algorithms still enables improving the 5G uplink control channel performance and decreasing the receiver complexity. The presented detection algorithms notably include: a low-complexity principal component computation enabling to apply ChirpRA to multiple receiver antenna signals without extra complexity, as well as enhancements of the original ChirpRA that improve performance and/or decrease detection complexity; which both are of independent interest.


An essential guide to cardiac cell therapy / , An essential guide to cardiac cell therapy / , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز


Significance
 Scope for a substantial increase in military expenditure is slim due to the government's commitment to a cautious fiscal policy.

 Impacts
 Arms manufacturers will hope last year's 15% fall in exports was pandemic-related and temporary.
 The merger of most military aircraft manufacturers will limit costs but also, potentially, innovative design.
 Defence firms will be encouraged to increase civilian production, currently low compared with US, European and Chinese counterparts.


In this paper, we report on the systematic rate-capability study of four-gap phenolic resistive plate chambers (RPCs), with cosmic muons and gamma rays emitted from a 137Cs source. A prototype four-gap RPC with a gap thickness of 1.06 mm has been constructed with 2-mm thick phenolic high-pressure-laminated (HPL) plates. A 32-channel front-end-electronics board, which has been developed for the operation of the current double-gap RPCs in the CMS experiment, was used to digitize the detector signals of the prototype RPC, with charge thresholds of 80, 130, and 170 fC. The cosmic muons were reliably measured with efficiencies of higher than 95%, at a maximum gamma-hit rate of 5 kHz cm−2. The present research confirms that the use of the current four-gap phenolic RPCs is advantageous to the high-η triggers in CMS, by virtue of the high rate capability.


Research and educational policies have alerted teachers to the importance of multiliteracies. Communication in society today is characterised by rapidly changing and emergent forms of meaning-making in a context of increased cultural and linguistic diversity. This paper responds to these imperatives, releasing key findings of a critical ethnography concerning interactions between pedagogy and access to multiliteracies among culturally and linguistically diverse learners. Data collection involved 18 days of lesson observations over 10 weeks using field and journal notes, continuous audiovisual and audio recording, and the collection of cultural artefacts. Semi-structured interviewing was also conducted with the teacher, principal, and four students. Data analytic tools included low and high inference coding and pragmatic horizon analysis. Findings concerned the use of overt instruction and situated practice in the teacher's enactment of the multiliteracies pedagogy. This had a significant influence on the learners' ability to access claymation movie designing. Comparisons are made between the learning that occurred for students of the dominant, Anglo-Australian, middle-class culture, and for those who were not. The conclusion addresses relevant literature concerning how to apply the multiliteracies pedagogy to enable meaningful designing.


This paper intends to provide a broad picture of traffic accidents in Israel by uncovering their patterns and determinants in order to answer an increasing need of designing preventive measures, addressing particular situations and targeting specific social groups. The analysis focuses on 1,793 fatal accidents occurred during the four-year period between 2003 and 2006, and applies data mining techniques with the objective of extracting from the data relevant information about accident patterns and major factors without a-priori assumptions about the expected outcome of the study. Kohonen neural networks reveal five accident patterns: (i) single-vehicle accidents of young drivers; (ii) multiple-vehicle accidents between young drivers; (iii) accidents involving either motorcycles or bicycles; (iv) accidents where elderly pedestrians crossed in urban areas; (v) accidents where mostly young children and teenagers cross roads in small villages. Feed-forward back-propagation neural networks validate clustering results and indicate that demographic characteristics of both victims and drivers are the most relevant determinants. Other significant factors are road conditions, time of day, traffic control systems and degree of urbanisation at the location of the accident.


The purpose of this paper is to study weakly continuous isotone bijections on a lattice of residuated maps (e.g. the space of probability distribution functions). We investigate the connection between weakly continuous isotone bijections and order automorphisms. Our final result gives necessary and sufficient conditions for a continuous isotone bijection to be an order automorphism.


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Among many useful functions of modern skin-care products, moisturizing effect is the most fundamental and important. The 'moisture-balance concept' which emphasizes the balance of lipid, Natural Moisturizing Factors (NMFs) and water is a key to improving skin condition. Many skin-care products incorporating lipid and NMF have appeared on the market. However, since NMFs are electrolytes, their presence tends to cause lipid droplets to aggregate and seriously compromise the emulsion stability. Consequently, it has been practically impossible to incorporate both NMFs and lipids into ultra low viscosity products such as toning lotions, which limits their applications. We investigated certain biogenic materials capable of emulsifying lipid in vivo in the presence of electrolytes, including lecithins which have a high affinity for human skin. Our results showed that lysolecithin has high tolerance for electrolytes and high affinity for skin. We developed a novel emulsification technology using lysolecithin. Moreover, we successfully prepared a toning lotion, 'Biomimetic Moisturizer,' incorporating both lipids and NMFs, using this technology, and demonstrated its high moisturizing effect and efficacy in improving skin condition.


The contributions of multiple factors to plant defense and herbivory in different habitats has received limited study. This study examines the contributions of genotypic differentiation and modification by physical factors to chemical defense and herbivory of Myrica cerifera L. in contrasting habitats. The constitutive leaf monoterpene content of M. cerifera was higher in a sunny habitat than in an adjacent shady habitat at a southeastern USA coastal site. Leaf area loss was higher in the shady habitat than in the sunny habitat. A significant negative correlation of monoterpene content and leaf area loss suggests that monoterpenes may play toxic or deterrent roles in these plants. When plants from the two habitats were grown under uniform greenhouse conditions, the contents and compositions of leaf monoterpenes were not significantly different, implying that two ecotypes were not involved. The plants treated in high light intensity had significantly higher monoterpene content, higher growth rate, and dens...


Resulting from a conference in 1992 sponsored by the National Institute of Mental Health, the papers in this book represent the fields of psychology, psychiatry, anthropology and epidemiology. The focus is on cross-cultural and acculturative issues in mental health, covering stress and behaviour.