Objective To understand public health status of the victims of the disaster by rapid assessment in resettlement sites of Nanba Town,Pingwu County,Sichuan Province.Methods According to the systematic random sampling method,11 tents were selected in all 21 tents of communities.Then individuals over 6 years old were selected randomly from 1/6 families from each tent selected.A total of 486 people were selected from 96 families as the sample for investigation and assessment and interviewed face-to-face in light of the designed questionnaire in advance.Results Basic living condition of the all victims of the disaster were inhabiting in the tents.Supply of drinking water and food were plentiful and met the basic hygienic standard.The environment,garbage and lavatory met the basic hygienic requirements.After the earthquake,health consciousness of the victims of the disaster has improved.The result of surveillance on notifiable infectious diseases and patients with diarrhea or fever symptoms showed there was no evidence of food poisoning or infectious disease outbreak.Conclusions The public health status was well for victims of the disaster in resettlement sites in Nanba Town.There was no evidence of food poisoning or infectious disease outbreak so far.


Amidst Shadow and Light: Contemporary Iranian Art and Artists comprises a collection of essays that deal with the problematics of modernism and to some extent postmodernism in the works of Iranian visual artists. The essays provide a valuable roster of Iranian artists and provide analyses and excellent illustrations of their visual artworks. They focus on the origin, history of development, modes of interpretive appropriations of modernist themes and styles in Iran and pursue their theoretical implications. The essays were originally presented at the Barakat International conference on "Contemporary Iranian Art," held at Oxford University in July 2005. Edited by art critic and historian Hamid Keshmirshekan, the essays continue to impart discernible traces of the energy and spontaneity characteristic of their initial oral presentations. As academics, art critics, historians and curators, from both within and outside Iran, the authors of the essays generate analytic and explicative discourses that draw from their particular areas of expertise. Collectively, they apply their diverse cultures of aesthetics, philosophy, art history and religion to contemporary artistic creation, production and its dissemination in Iran and abroad. Thus informed, their approaches unfold and evolve on different but closely interrelated planes of commonalities and Iranian Studies, volume 45, number 6, November 2012


Introduction: Impact-induced shock melting, melting caused by impacts, in carbonaceous chondrites was first observed in CK chondrites, which are heavily shock-metamorphosed [1]. It has only recently been observed in relatively unmetamorphosed CV and CM carbonaceous chondrites [2]. In CV chondrites, this shock melting appeared as distinct clasts surrounded by matrix [2]. In contrast, we have studied the heavilyshocked Leoville and Efremovka CV3 chondrites and found abundant melt pockets not as distinct clasts, but in contact with several calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs). Some of these pockets of melted matrix were previously identified in the Leoville carbonaceous chondrite and were attributed to hot accretion of CAIs [3]. Alternatively, but not considered in that earlier work, the melting might have been caused by much-later impacts of large bodies onto the asteroid as suggested by [4]; in this case, the kinetic energy of the impacting body was rapidly converted into heat that caused local impact-induced shock melting of the asteroid. Materials & Methods: In this study, we analyzed polished sections of Leoville and Efremovka (CV3) from the U.S. National Meteorite Collection. We used the FEI Nova NanoSEM 600 scanning electron microscope (SEM) at the Smithsonian Institution (SI) to take backscatter electron (BSE) images of impact melt textures, generate element maps of selected areas, and conduct point-and-shoot EDS analysis of crystals and glass. Higher precision chemical analyses of olivine and glass were collected using the JEOL 8530FPlus Hyperprobe at SI. Results: Leoville 3537-1 is a CAI ~3 cm in length sampled as a circular thin section. It is composed mostly of pyroxene, with smaller amounts of fassaite, anorthite, melilite, and spinel [5]. The inclusion takes up about half of the thin section, yet the entire perimeter of the inclusion is not visible due to its size and the sampling. Its visible edge borders both unmelted matrix and small pockets of melted matrix, which also fill some cracks in the CAI. Within the matrix are many smaller, mostly olivine-rich chondrules. Efremovka 27cE is a CAI ~1 cm across, sampled as a circular thick section. Its mantle is composed mostly of melilite with small spinel crystals, while the core is melilite, pyroxene, anorthite, spinel, and FeNi metal [6]. The entire perimeter of this inclusion is visible. Like Leoville 3537-1, it borders mostly unmelted matrix but pockets of melted matrix are found. Evidence for Impact Melting: Evidence for impact-induced shock melting was inferred from several textures and chemical signatures, disproving the former "hot accretion" hypothesis. Evidence for Melting Evidence of melting includes the presence of sulfide and iron-nickel metal globules, reduction in pore space, recrystallization, and pockets of glass. The rounded sulfides and iron-nickel metal grains indicate high temperatures that melted those minerals into rounded globules. Prior to melting, the iron-sulfide and iron-nickel metal grains occur in a variety of shapes and are rarely spherical. Evidence for Rapid Crystallization: Rapidly crystallized olivine grains were identified within both Leoville 3537-1 (Fig. 1) and Efremovka 27cE. These branching, skeletal, and "Christmas-tree" olivines, with magnesium-rich cores and iron-rich rims, are products of melting followed by very rapid crystallization (aka quench growth). Shock melting is an extremely rapid process, but hot accretion and cooling are not. These crystals display no evidence of deformation. Although the meteorites were clearly shocked, the undeformed crystals must have formed during, not before, the shock. In addition, rapidly crystallized pyroxene grains abutting unmelted matrix and enclosing spinel from the partly melted CAI were identified in Leoville 3537-1. Like skeletal olivines, these pyroxene crystals do not show evidence of deformation and therefore formed during, not before shock.


This paper presents an analysis of the FI4VDI project, the goal of which was to develop an innovative model of service provision using cloud computing in order to create an infrastructure suite aims at large companies and SMEs alike, educational institutions, universities and/or research centres that would contribute to competitiveness and provide an efficient solution to reducing the carbon footprint derived from the use of information technology.


The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variable facilities,
quality medical services, paramedic service quality and the quality of medical
support services for customer satisfaction in hospitals Banjarnegara. Sampling
technique using accidental sampling technique in the study consisted of 108
respondents. Testing hypotheses using multiple regression analysis.
Based on the results of multiple regression analysis, the results showed
that simultaneous variable facilities, quality medical services, paramedic services
and the quality of medical support service quality has a positive and significant
impact on customer satisfaction in hospitals Banjarnegara. These results indicated
by the F test results with the calculated F value of 53.050 and the F table at a
significance level of 95% at 2.46. Based on the results of the t test, the results also
indicate that the variable quality of medical services and paramedic service quality
has a positive and significant impact on customer satisfaction in hospitals
Banjarnegara. While the variable quality of facilities and medical support
services only have a positive but not significant effect on customer satisfaction in
hospitals Banjarnegara.


A topography adaptive filter is proposed to improve the coherence of single look complex(SLC) images obtained from different looking angles for interferometric synthetic aperture radar(InSAR) processing,and to improve the coherence estimation as well.The extraction of the linear phase model of the interferogram via local frequency estimation based on the 2-D Chirp-Z transform makes this filter topographically adaptive both in range and azimuth.Adjusting the filter parameters according to the local topography,the adaptive filter performs better than the fixed bandwidth non-adaptive one designed through flat earth phase estimation.Interferometric data set of Mt.Etna is processed topographicaeey adaptively in range and azimuth,and the results are employed for the comparison of the performances of the proposed and conventional filters.Finally,the linear phase model is also used to improve the coherence estimation by eliminating the topography variation in the estimator.


: Recently, poetry learning, which accrues nationalism character, has not run as expected. It needs numerous creative learning strategies, one of which is through the use of textbooks on poetry to stimulate and develop the nationalism of students. This study aimed to the implementationof textbook for poetry writing, devoted to accruing the nationalism of students at a junior high school in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. The research method wasclassroom action research, operationalized to capture various information in the form of observable words, sentences, or images. The results of this study can be described as follows. Based on the observationresults, the study concluded that learning to write poetry, which was aided by textbook on writing poetry and aimed at calculating nationalism character, was successful and therefore encouraged active class engagement. Based on the interview data, the teachers voiced positive comments on the use of textbook. This corroborated that the learning of poetry writing bound to accruing nationalism character was successful. Based on the questionnaire data on students who had positive opinions, analysis results evinced that the learning of poetry writing was successful. The average result on the learning of poetry writing using the textbook on writing poetry reached 80. Therefore, the study concludes that the instruction involving poetry writing with emphasis on nationalism has been successful, as supported by data in the Likert scale. The average grade ranges from 61 to 80.


A review of single component condensation models is presented. The most exact model for condensation is the set of Becker-Döring equations. The first step toward reduced models is obtained by performing a Taylor series expansion on the discrete Becker-Döring equations, resulting in the Fokker–Planck equation. Further simplification of the Fokker–Planck equation leads to the stationary diffusion flux model, which is based on a steady state assumption in the region of small clusters. Discarding the small cluster size region results in the general dynamic equation, which is computationally the most attractive model. All condensation models are aimed at solving the cluster size distribution and differ in their ability to capture the physical process and their computational complexity. The assumptions needed to construct these reduced models are explained and the influences on the physical outcome are addressed. The models are applied to a nucleation pulse experiment and the computational times are compared.


Handbook of Thin-Layer ChromatographyThin Layer Chromatography in Chiral Separations and AnalysisThin Layer Chromatography in PhytochemistryHigh Performance Liquid Chromatography in Phytochemical AnalysisChromatographic Theory and Basic PrinciplesThin-Layer Chromatography with Flame Ionization DetectionPreparative Layer ChromatographyHandbook Of Size Exclusion Chromatography And Related TechniquesHandbook of Affinity ChromatographyHyphenated and Alternative Methods of Detection in ChromatographyPrinciples of Adsorption Chromatography; The Separation of Nonionic Organic Compounds; Volume 3 of the Chromatographic Science SeriesDesign, Simulation and Optimization of Adsorptive and Chromatographic Separations: A Hands-On ApproachPrinciples of Chemical Separations with Environmental ApplicationsChromatographic Analysis of Environmental and Food ToxicantsChromatographyPractical Liquid ChromatographyPrinciples of Adsorption ChromatographyChromatographyPractical High-Performance Liquid ChromatographyPrinciples of Adsorption and Adsorption ProcessesPorous SilicaDynamics of chromatographyThin Layer Chromatography in Drug AnalysisPrinciples and Techniques of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTheoretical Advancement in Chromatography and Related Separation TechniquesEngineering Principles in BiotechnologyBasic Concepts Of Analytical ChemistryChiral Separations By Liquid Chromatography And Related TechnologiesGas ChromatographyCapillary Gas Adsorption ChromatographyPreparative ChromatographyMetabolome AnalysisChromatographyIon-Exchange Chromatography of ProteinsProtein PurificationDynamics of ChromatographyHandbook of Separation Process TechnologyHydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography (HILIC) and Advanced ApplicationsPrinciples of Adsorption ChromatographyPrinciples and Practice of Chromatography


1. Annual above‐ground net primary productivity (ANPP) in mesic grasslands is known to be highly temporally variable. While yearly precipitation or average yearly temperature can explain some of this temporal variability, much of the variation in ANPP remains unexplained.


Joseki can be learned from game records in Computer Go. To more effectively maintain the joseki library, a pattern encoding method independent of symmetry is needed. This is provided by an encoding method is designed based on the pattern's neighbor character, the outline character and the row and column's character. The results show that this method's hashing performance is good, and it rapidly switches between patterns. The method can also be applied to tsumego and yose in Computer Go.


The Promotora Model is an educational strategy that has been used to improve the health of underserved populations. We have implemented this exploratory model in a clinical site in Collier County, Florida. The main objective of this study was to increase parents'/guardians' knowledge and ability to improve their children's oral health through educational strategies delivered in both English and Spanish. Families with children age 5 years or younger, most of whom were on a waiting list for dental treatment under sedation, were recruited individually to attend the educational activities (n= 2,533). The mean number of visits to the education room was 2.21 ± 0.49. Sessions included discussion about dental caries and its etiology and transmission. Also, oral hygiene and feeding practices (e.g., use of baby bottle, frequency of tooth-brushing, and use of dental floss) were discussed with parents/guardians. Following the American Association of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) caries risk assessment guidelines, 89 % of the children were classified as high risk for dental caries. After subsequent visits to the education room, parents reported an improvement of their children's oral hygiene practices and were more conscious about bacterial transmission and other modifiable risk factors. The implementation of the "Promotora Model" appears to be an effective educational approach to improve oral health based on cultural and behavioral patterns of the families at clinical and community settings.


An efficient multi-pass Cr:forsterite master oscillator-power amplifier laser system operating in the single-longitudinal mode was demonstrated and characterized. A significant increase in energy was obtained in a six-pass amplifier configuration giving a maximum value of up to 10.8 mJ, with a good beam quality and without significantly broadening the linewidth or increasing the M2. The amplifier performance was evaluated as a function of the pump energy and the number of passes. A Fourier transformation of the laser pulses was performed to confirm the linewidth value measured using a Fabry–Perot etalon.


Background: Chronic wounds have for many centuries represented a major source of morbidity and mortality in patients. In the modern era we realise that these wounds also produce a major psychological impact to the patients, and a financial burden to the healthcare systems around the world. Ever since the first skin grafts were attempted in India around 2000bc for the reconstruction of punitatively amputated noses, the surgical profession and medical sciences have been searching for the panacea to treat chronic wounds. Yet as our understanding of the aetiology of chronic wounds deepens we realise that the varied nature of the wound pathogenesis means there will never be a ''one cure for all'' treatment. In this way we can see that a split skin graft is certainly not the optimal option for many patients, and that alternatives must be found. Method: In two selected patients with chronic static laparotomy wounds we demonstrate the successful use of a biological tissue regeneration therapy (Apligraf s) in the management of these recalcitrant wounds. Conclusion: In carefully selected patients under the care of a Multidisciplinary Wound Healing Team, the use of cell based tissue regeneration products may provide a valuable adjunct to standard wound healing regimens.


The present invention provides a silicate fluorescent substance represented by the compound of chemical formula (1). [Chemical formula (1)]: aM 1 4-x O·bM 2 O·cM 3 2 O 3 ·dM 4 O 2 ·eM 5 X 2 : M 6 x . In the formula, M 1 and M 2 are each at least one alkali earth metal, M 3 is at least one trivalent metal, M 4 is at least one tetravalent metal, M 5 is at least one divalent metal, X is a halogen ion, M 6 is an activator, and 0.9≤a≤1.1, 0≤b≤1, 0≤c≤2, 1.9≤d≤2.1, 0<e≤20 and 0.01≤x≤0.3. The silicate fluorescent substance according to the present invention has small and even particles, exhibits excellent colour rendering properties and luminous efficacy, even when used in a small amount, and thus is very economical.


Abstract : The authors evaluate the discernible consequences of Russia's December 11, 1994, invasion of the secessionist republic of Chechnya in the North Caucasus. Russia's aim was to suppress the republic's government, compel it to accept Moscow's authority, and force Chechnya to renounce its bid for independence and sovereignty. This invasion triggered a firestorm of domestic opposition. As a result, the invasion has profound and troubling possible consequences for the stability of Russian government, Russian democracy, and future political-military relationships. The authors provide a framework within which future developments can be assessed.


Introductory Computer Science students often do not clearly understand the concepts of operator precedence and associativity, and make mistakes when they write and evaluate expressions. In order to help them learn these concepts by solving problems, we have developed an applet that generates problems (henceforth called problet) and corrects the learner's answers. In this paper, we will describe the design and implementation of this problet.

We conducted a controlled experiment to assess the effectiveness of using the problet. Results indicate that using the problet improved learning by 18%. We will describe our experiment and present its results.


An ejection moulding method for preparing bichromic plastic product includes such steps as closing mould, using the first nozzle to eject a transparent material into the first mould, cooling, opening the mould, turning the movable part of the first mould to the position of the second nozzle, matching it with the fixed part of the second mould, closing the mould while turning the movable part of the second mould to the position of the first nozzle, matching it with the fixed part of the first mould, using the second nozzle to eject a color material into the second mould, cooling, and demoulding.


This paper provides an overview of Bangladesh's Privatization Policy. The present policies can be improved if the terms and conditions of the sale are well-defined and upheld. Discipline in the financial sector is a necessary condition for the success of the privatization program. Without financial sector discipline, privatization may offer avenues for rent-seeking. The tendering process for selling enterprises should be strengthened to attract many potential buyers. The proceeds from privatization could be used for workers' compensation and labor training. Privatized monopolies have to be well regulated. The issues of time framework, program effectiveness, and the role of the capital market in privatization are also discussed. Privatization policy must be accompanied by other policy measures to ensure that the buyer profits from productive endeavors because privatization is not an end itself.


The article raises issues related to the concept neo-tribes developed by a French sociologist Michel Maffesoli, which is treated as opposition to the concept of individualism currently popular in the scientific discourse. The author polemicizes with the idea of a liquid life by arguing that the key need in human life is to belong to some community. The reflections on the nature of neo-tribes are referred to Himalayan mountaineering, treated as a form of escapism from tribal communities, and at the same time as a tool for self-discovery.


Bone marrow (about 0.5 ml) from au erythropoietic region is freed of blood clots by washing 1-3 min in 1 μg/ml colchicine solution (2-3 ml) and then soaking 1-2 hr at 20-30° C in a second change. For mammalian or avian marrows, the colchicine is made up in phosphate-buffered (pH 7) physiological NaCl solution; for amphibian, Ringer's A solution. Next the specimens are soaked about 20 min in a hypotonic solution as follows: for mammalian, 1% Na-citrate; for avian, a 1:4 dilution of the buffered NaCl solution by distilled water; and for amphibian, Ringer's A-distilled water, 1:1. Then they are heated in a mixture of 2% orcein in 45% acetic acid and 1 N HCl, 9:1. Immediately after heating, squash preparations are made with 2% acetic-orcein in the usual manner. An alternative method is to dissociate the marrow cells by agitating after colchicine treatment. Then, recovering the cells between changes by low-speed centrifugation, to carry out the hypotonic treatment and subsequent fixation in Carnoy's solution I...


We introduce a notion of freeness for RO$RO$ ‐graded equivariant generalized homology theories, considering spaces or spectra E$E$ such that the R$R$ ‐homology of E$E$ splits as a wedge of the R$R$ ‐homology of induced virtual representation spheres. The full subcategory of these spectra is closed under all of the basic equivariant operations, and this greatly simplifies computation. Many examples of spectra and homology theories are included along the way. We refine this to a collection of spectra analogous to the pure and isotropic spectra considered by Hill–Hopkins–Ravenel. For these spectra, the RO$RO$ ‐graded Bredon homology is extremely easy to compute, and if these spaces have additional structure, then this can also be easily determined. In particular, the homology of a space with this property naturally has the structure of a co‐Tambara functor (and compatibly with any additional product structure). We work this out in the example of BUR$BU_{\mathbb {R}}$ and coinduced versions of this. We finish by describing a readily computable bar and twisted bar spectra sequence, giving Bredon homology for various E∞$E_{\infty }$ pushouts, and we apply this to describe the homology of BBUR$BBU_{\mathbb {R}}$ .


This paper describes several studies that contribute to an understanding of the ways in which inhomogeneities and anisotropies may contribute to the formation of multiple peaks of potential on the body surface.


The article is devoted to the analysis of the phenomenon «own strange» in political communication. The essential traits of the analyzed phenomenon in political communication are pointed out on the material of political discourses of different time periods (soviet and post-soviet times). The article deals with building a semantic model «own strange» in political texts.


Speech communication is required in certain hazardous conditions where the hands must be left free, such as military operations involving searching tunnels and operation of open vehicles such as a motorcycle. A compact field telephone has been developed for the former application, utilizing a head‐contact inertia‐operated microphone and logarithmically responsive amplifier. These components and a battery are assembled on a specially‐designed cap. A reel carrying a half‐mile of disposable cable is worn on the belt. The microphone is of the variable‐reluctance balanced‐armature type. The components are described.


Chalcopyrite thin films ternary Silver Indium Diselenide AgInSe2 (AIS) pure and Aluminum Al doped with ratio 0.03 was prepared using thermal evaporation with a vacuum of 7*10-6 torr on glass with (400) nm thickness for study the structural and optical properties. X-ray diffraction was used to show the inflance of Al ratio dopant on structural properties. X-ray diffraction show that thin films AIS pure, Al doped at RT and annealing at 573 K are polycrystalline with tetragonal structure with preferential orientation (112). raise the crystallinity degree. AFM used to study the effect of Al on surfaces roughness and Grain Size Optical properties such as the optical band gap, absorption coefficient, Extinction coefficient, refractive index, real and imaginary part of dielectric constant were calculated to inspect the influence of the Aluminum on the optical Parameters of AIS thin film. UV/Visible measure show the lowering in energy gap to 1.35 eV for AgInSe2: Al at 573 K this energy gap making these samples suitable for photovoltaic application.


In this research, Fuzzy Kohonen Clustering Network (FKCN) algorithm is compared to Efficient Fuzzy Kohonen Clustering Network (EFKCN) algorithm. This research is conducted to see if EFKCN is really efficient and could do a better clustering analysis than original FKCN. We do empirical testing and simulations to compare both algorithms, by using an expanded Fisher's Iris Data. The result showed the accuracy of EFKCN is not yet better algorithm rather than FKCN.


Thus Reader in a word to thee, what the unsealed words of this Prophesie imports; We even in the same Estate with them … Here impeached of the sin against the Holy Ghost, guilty of the blood of these his sacred Ambassadors … wonders of the highest kinde at their word, waters turn'd into blood, War forshewed, Heaven shut, and the like, smite the Earth with plagues as often as they speak the word, yet these rash wretches … clad in sack cloth … triumphing over their corps slain by the Beast coming out of the smoking pit or Abyss … making War with them, with his furious Train, armed at all points this British Beast. In the 1640s the prophet Lady Eleanor Davies warned her readers of imminent doom, of the coming of the apocalypse or endtimes. Like many writers during this period, Davies constructed a millennial accounting of the British nation. She posited individual sin within an already established Calvinist frame, anticipated an immediate and specific end to the world as we know it, and demanded death for her adversaries. As individual sinners, Davies's readers were "impeached of the sin against the Holy Ghost" and "guilty [if only by association] of the blood of … his sacred Ambassadors."


In recent years, the technologies for creating reality-based 3D models were enhanced and propagated in a large number of applications and research fields. This great evolution is due to the fact that these technologies are very useful, or rather ideal, to preserve, disseminate and restore cultural heritage, thanks to digitization and the realization of digital copies based on additive printing. In particular, 3D printing and virtual reality have determined the increase of a new field for data survey: the museum fruition. Therefore, they are becoming increasingly important. The aim of this article is to show the connection and the relationship between the development of the latest technologies and the cultural heritage: a digital reconstruction procedure from laser scanning survey to 3D printing of theoretical model, realized with a virtual reconstruction reality-based.


Glycosylation of secondary alcohols such as cholesterol, methyl 2,4,6-tri-O-benzylgalactopyranoside, and 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-NeuAc methyl ester with a new glycosyl donor, 2β,3α-dibromo-2-deoxy-NeuAc methyl ester, selectively gave the corresponding β-glycosides in high yields. The 3α-bromo-glycosides were debrominated with tri-n-butylstannane to the corresponding glycosides, which were deprotected to give the free glycosides having a β-NeuAc.


ABSTRACT Here, we present the draft genome of Haladaptatus sp. strain R4, a halophilic archaea that produces an orange-pink pigment and is capable of growing in a wide salinity range. The genome assembly shows genes for arsenic resistance, siderophore production, trehalose and glycine betaine biosynthesis, uptake and transporters of sodium, potassium, and chloride ions.


Incubation of mononuclear cells with a melanoma tumour cell. M4, induces a rapid increase in NK cell activity in both normal and tumour patient cells. A marked individual variation among the patient population can be attributed to the prior ingestion of aspirin. Single therapeutic doses of aspirin (two tablets, 660 mg) taken 12 hr prior to donation of the blood sample cause an 80-100% reduction in the NK cell activity induced by M4. Since many patients coming to cancer clinics take aspirin regularly, it is essential that they be questioned about their recent usage of this drug if their cells are to be used in assays for NK activity.


After the financial crisis,the economic situation home and abroad indicates that the market development plays an important role in economic recovery and economic development.At present,the main problem of Shaoguan is that the market has constrained the economic development.Shaoguan Twelfth Five Years' economic system reform should focus on constructing the market mechanism to promote the economic development.


Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: The diagnosis of pneumonia in children is challenging, given the wide overlap of many of the symptoms and physical examination findings with other common respiratory illnesses. We sought to derive and validate the novel Pneumonia Risk Score (PRS), a clinical tool utilizing signs and symptoms available to clinicians to determine a child's risk of radiographic pneumonia. Methods: We prospectively enrolled children 3 months to 18 years in whom a chest radiograph (CXR) was obtained in the emergency department to evaluate for pneumonia. Before CXR, we collected information regarding symptoms, physical examination findings, and the physician-estimated probability of radiographic pneumonia. Logistic regression was used to predict the presence of radiographic pneumonia, and the PRS was validated in a distinct cohort of children with suspected pneumonia. Results: Among 1181 children included in the study, 206 (17%) had radiographic pneumonia. The PRS included age in years, triage oxygen saturation, presence of fever, presence of rales, and presence of wheeze. The area under the curve (AUC) of the PRS was 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.68–0.75), while the AUC of clinician judgment was 0.61 (95% CI: 0.56–0.66) (P < 0.001). Among 2132 children included in the validation cohort, the PRS demonstrated an AUC of 0.69 (95% CI: 0.65–0.73). Conclusions: In children with suspected pneumonia, the PRS is superior to clinician judgment in predicting the presence of radiographic pneumonia. Use of the PRS may help efforts to support the judicious use of antibiotics and chest radiography among children with suspected pneumonia.


This Plan was used to inform the development of the audit toolkit for Primary Care Trusts to use to benchmark their process of identification, diagnosis and assessment of autistic spectrum disorders.


In order to study impact of exogenous hormones on florescence and flower diameter in ornamental peach, taking Prunus persica 'Terutemomo' as materials, different mass concentrations of GA, 6-BA and SA were sprayed before florescence, at middle and later florescence. The results showed that spraying GA could increase flower diameters and enhance ornamental quality before florescence, at middle and later florescence. The maximum flower diameter was 49.80 mm by spraying 120 mg/L GA before florescence, it was 52.94 mm by spraying 150 mg/L GA at middle florescence, and it was 50.61 mm by spraying 90 mg/L GA at later florescence. But spraying 6-BA and SA could inhibit flower diameter. At the aspect of florescence regulation, spraying GA, 6-BA and SA before florescence and at middle florescence could not advance begin of florescence. But spraying SA at later florescence could prolong florescence for 1-2 days compared with the CK. In practical application, spraying GA of 90-150 mg/L between flower bud sprouting and early flowering and spraying SA of 30-45 mg/L at early flowering not only improve ornament of peach flowers but also prolong ornament time.


The paper is devoted to the investigation of the relationship between slow integral manifolds of singularly perturbed differential equations and critical phenomena in chemical kinetics and laser models. We tried to consider different problems using the techniques of canards and black swans. The mathematical language of singular perturbations seems to apply to all critical phenomena even in the most disparate chemical systems.


ABSTRACT Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) serotype O157:H7 is carried asymptomatically by cattle gastrointestinal tract and the inclusion of distillers grains solids (DGS) in feed is thought to be a factor in the prevalence and persistence of EHEC O157 in a herd. The present study surveys the faecal prevalence of E. coli O157 in cattle processed at an abattoir in the Upper Midwest and its association with environmental factors and feeding practices. Faecal samples were collected from pre-processing cows during a 1-year period. E. coli O157 prevalence was estimated isolation of putative positives and confirmation of isolates by immunoassay and multiplex virulence genes PCR analysis. Overall, E. coli O157 was confirmed in 11.2% of samples. Prevalence during winter was the highest at 14% followed by summer (11.6%) and declined to less than 8% the rest of the year. Winter was the only season that had a statistically significant effect on prevalence. As a category unto itself, DGS feeding before arrival had no significant influence on faecal prevalence. However, we found a significant interaction of DGS feeding and summer. This observation is extremely relevant because it corroborates a previous study and suggests possible feeding practices to abate EHEC O157 presence during harvest.


Some transformations of 1,3-glycols utilizing dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal have been examined with the diterpenoids aphidicolin and foliol and some steroids as substrates. Axial alcohols with a suitably disposed trans hydrogen atom undergo an elimination reaction to give the formate of an unsaturated alcohol via the quaternary salt of the cyclic formamido acetal.


This volume presents the most significant essays written by established and younger scholars as part of the two-year project titled WagnerWorldWide 2013. Conceived by Anno Mungen, Director of the Forschungsinstitut f�r Musiktheater at the University of Bayreuth, the project comprised a Lecture Series in Fall/Winter 2011-12 and two international conferences, at the University of South Carolina (USA) in January 2013, and at Schloss Thurnau in December 2013. Beyond recognizing the bicentennial of Wagner?s birth, WagnerWorldWide 2013 examines the current signifi cance of the Wagner phenomenon through fi ve overarching themes that link social, political, ideological and aesthetic aspects of the 19th and 21st centuries, as follows: Environment & Nature, Gender & Sexuality, Media & Film, History & Nationalism, Globalization & Markets. Beyond individual treatments, the project seeks to create networks between the themes. Since the concluding conference took place at the end of 2013, the volume also reflects on the anniversary year by examining not only its aesthetic and intellectual results but also the ways in which Wagner was remembered, memorialized, and celebrated. Die Herausgeber: Anno Mungen ist seit dem Wintersemester 2006/07 Leiter des Forschungsinstituts f�r Musiktheater auf Schloss Thurnau und Inhaber des Lehrstuhls f�r Theaterwissenschaft unter besonderer Ber�cksichtigung des Musiktheaters an der Universit�t Bayreuth. Nicholas Vazsonyi ist Jesse Chapman Alcorn Memorial Professor of Foreign Languages und Professor f�r Germanistik und Vergleichende Literaturwissenschaft an der University of South Carolina. Julie Hubbert is an Associate Professor at the University of South Carolina at both the Film and Media Studies Department and the School of Music. Her areas of specialization are Film Music, American Music, 19. and 20th century Music. Ivana Rentsch, Professorin am Institut f�r Historische Musikwissenschaft der Universit�t Hamburg. Anselm Gerhard, ordentlicher Professor f�r Musikwissenschaft und Direktor des Instituts f�r Musikwissenschaft der Universit�t Bern. Arne Stollberg, F�rderungsprofessor des Schweizerischen Nationalfonds am Musikwissenschaftlichen Seminar der Universit�t Basel.


Abstract The global pandemic due to COVID-19 presents an unprecedented challenge to mankind including healthcare providers. Many COVID-19 infected patients may present with gastrointestinal symptoms. Endoscopic services may be required in complicated COVID-19 infected or suspected patients. In addition, resource allocation would demand judicious use of endoscopy services. There is a definite risk of transmission of COVID-19 during endoscopy to healthcare professionals. We recommend that only emergency and life-saving endoscopic procedures should be performed during COVID-19 pandemic, and semi-elective procedures should be performed after careful consideration. All routine endoscopy procedures should be deferred till normal hospital services resume. For emergency endoscopy procedures, prescreening of patients is critical to avoid nosocomial transmission. To prevent cross-infection among healthcare professionals, strict infection control measures should be practiced in endoscopy suite while providing essential endoscopic services to the patients.


Born into a musical family in 1914, Andrzej Panufnik began composing at the age of nine, made rapid and distinguished progress through the Warsaw Conservatoire, and then went abroad for further study in Paris, London and Vienna (including conducting lessons from Felix Weingartner). At the outbreak of war in 1939 he returned to Warsaw and devoted himself to composition, as far as this was possible in an atmosphere poisonous to artistic creation; he also composed patriotic songs under a pseudonym, and participated as a pianist in prohibited underground and charity concerts. In the Warsaw uprising in 1944 all that he had written up to then was destroyed, but the collapse of Germany and the removal of the Nazi occupation brought the seeming promise of a fresh start under a new regime. Panufnik was appointed permanent conductor of the Cracow Philharmonic Orchestra, and then of the Warsaw Philharmonic. From that time on he travelled extensively, conducting every leading European orchestra. Further honours and decorations came his way from the new Poland, where he was esteemed as one of the country's leading composers and conductors. In spite of this he felt unable to accept political intervention in artistic matters, and in 1954, as a protest, he left Poland to emigrate to England. Here too he has been active both as a composer and as a conductor, and for two years (1957–59) he was permanent conductor of the City of Birmingham Orchestra, but now gives most of his time to composition.


A multi-beam apparatus for observing a sample with high resolution and high throughput is proposed. In the apparatus, a source-conversion unit forms plural and parallel images of one single electron source by deflecting plural beamlets of a parallel primary-electron beam therefrom, and one objective lens focuses the plural deflected beamlets onto a sample surface and forms plural probe spots thereon. A movable condenser lens is used to collimate the primary-electron beam and vary the currents of the plural probe spots, a pre-beamlet-forming means weakens the Coulomb effect of the primary-electron beam, and the source- conversion unit minimizes the sizes of the plural probe spots by minimizing and compensating the off-axis aberrations of the objective lens and condenser lens.


Furthermore, the ANC argued that the proposed approach to land reform would be guided by sound legal and economic principles, and would contribute to the country's overall job creation and investment objectives. The proposal of land redistribution without compensation somewhat marks a shift in policy, and comes at a time when land reform (through both the State and market) has made more progress than experts and policymakers care to admit.


While mobile users want to obtain software anywhere and anytime without the knowledge of software availability in advance, software providers want to deploy their software to mobile devices without the users' intervention. However, because mobile devices expose special characteristics such as restriction of capability, heterogeneity, mobility, wireless connectivity, and context-orientation, deployment of software or context-aware services on mobile devices is a problematical issue. This work proposes a framework for over the air provider-initiated software deployment on mobile devices (OTA-PSD). Using the OTA-PSD, once new software or software updates are available, by the initiation of the provider, the compatible mobile devices, which have subscribed to the provider, will automatically receive this software with the minimum users' intervention. This framework allows providers to deploy their services on mobile devices based on users' context and device specification. To demonstrate the feasibility of the OTA-PSD, we developed a deployment system based on the OTA-PSD. We successfully demonstrated the deployment of a case study using our deployment system.


The content of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) in the blood of rats under hypothermia of varying depth and duration, as well as dalargin intraperitoneal administration were determined. In hypothermic states serum content of pituitary hormones (ACTH, TSH) decreases, the content of cortisol increases and the content of T4 and T3 does not significantly alter. In control animals, administration of dalargin increases the content of ACTH and TSH and decreases the content of cortisol, T4 and T3 in the blood. Effect of dalargin on the content of the studied hormones in the blood during hypothermia depends on its depth and duration.


In the process of risk assessment of information system, the risk assessment method and model are the key point. This paper analyzes the risk assessment methods of the information system, and points out the limitations of some methods. Considering the grey and dynamic characteristics of the evaluation index, the evaluation model based on Entropy Method and Grey Theory is presented, and the validity of the method is demonstrated by an example. Keyword: Information system's risk; grey class; whitenization weight function ; risk level INTRODUCTION Methods for risk assessment of information system play an important role. From the analysis of the assets. threats,. vulnerabilities and security measures we can use some methods to evaluate the risk level of the information system and a scientific and effective risk assessment report is generated [3]. There are many methods of risk assessment, which can be divided into three categories: quantitative risk assessment method, qualitative risk assessment method, qualitative and quantitative assessment method. The qualitative method mainly focus on knowledge, experience, lessons of history and policy direction and special cases such as nonquantitative data [6]. It is based on in-depth interviews with the respondents to make a case record, and then through a theoretical derivation of the analytical framework of the interpretation of the data for encoding, at last the conclusion of the investigation about the level of information system risk is generated [2]. The typical method of qualitative analysis with factor analysis method, logical analysis, historical comparative method, Delphi method and so on [4]. Quantitative assessment is to assess the risk of information system using the quantitative indicators. The advantage of quantitative assessment method is to describe the results of the assessment using intuitive data, and the result is more clear and objective. Sometimes the quantitative analysis methods can make the research result more scientific, more rigorous and more profound [9]. For example a data is able to explain the problem that can not be explained clearly with a large section of the text. But it is very difficult to quantify risk assessment of information system. Firstly it is difficult to choose the grain size to quantitative assessment. Secondly attack source is widely distribute with all sorts of motives. It is impossible to predict the probability and frequency of security incidents. Information system is constantly updated and improved, the risk factors have continued to change, the previously acquired data is not adapted to the new situation, the data need to continue to change. sometimes the complex things become too simple and fuzzy in order to quantify, and even too simple to represent things in themselves. Some quantified risk factors may be misunderstood and distorted. The advantage of qualitative assessment method is to avoid the shortcomings of the quantitative method, and it can dig out some deep thinking, which makes the evaluation more comprehensive and operational, but it is very subjective, so it needs the evaluators with highly professional knowledge and rich experience in the field of information system evaluation [7]. In the early days when research on information system risk assessment method, has just been put out, domestic and foreign scholars mainly study for risk assessment of information system from the qualitative point of view ,and mainly focuses some non system risk, such as personnel risk, management risk, environmental risk and so on.. . Then some scholars introduced the quantitative model to the information system risk assessment. At this time, the focus of the study is the systematic risk of the information system. There are two types of models. one is statistical model, such as mathematical programming. Bias model, clustering analysis and so on [8]. The greatest strength of the statistical model is that it has a clear explanation. But it has obvious defects which is too strict prerequisite. Attack source is widely distributed with all sorts of motives. It is impossible to identify and calculate the probability distribution of security incidents. The loss and potential impact of security incident is difficult to accurately estimate. In general statistical model needs large sample data. But the data of information system security is difficult to achieve. The other is artificial intelligence model, such as neural network, expert system, classification tree, etc.. The arrangement of every input weight is very important using the neural network technology. Information system is constantly updated and improved, the risk factors have continued to change, the previously acquired data is not adapted to the new situation, the data is real-time and dynamic. So the generalization ability of training sample is poor. Because of the complexity and dynamic of the information system, it is difficult to grasp the suitable assignment of initial weight. In addition, neural network technique is easy to form local optimum and can not get the whole optimum [1]. There is also a big limitation that it is difficult to find the training sample [5]. In view of the influence factors of information system, most of the indicators are dynamic and grey. The data of information system security is difficult to achieve The grey system theory , established by Julong Deng in 1982, is a new methodology that focuses on the study of problems involving small sample and poor


With the shift of urban governance towards a more entrepreneurial mode in China, local governments and business interests have formed various coalitions of growth. These coalitions are widespread in China nowadays. The purpose of this article is to examine the nature of such growth coalitions through a case study of Nanjing's Olympic New Town. This growth coalition was built upon a mega-event, namely the Tenth National Sports Games in China. The marketing of this mega-event mobilised the interests of various governments, in particular the municipal government, and real-estate developers. However, when the mega-event was over and the property market faced a slowdown due to a tightening up of macro-economic policies by the central government, the coalition was quickly dismantled. The instability of the coalition has had some negative implications for urban development. This case study highlights the unstable nature of growth collations based on specific events.


A fusion protein which sequence (a) is identical to the sequence repeats 1-X of EGF in the extracellular domain of the receptor protein of human Notch3 wherein X is any integer from 1 to 10 or 12 to 33, followed by (b) a sequence identical to the sequence of an Fc portion of an antibody, wherein (b) is located on the side carboxy terminal (a) and wherein (b) is attached to (a) either directly or via a connector.


The chemical control of insect pests where in the field or in the warehouse or in the home is now established in civilized countries of the world and its contribution particularly to the well-being of the human race is an acknowledged fact although the history of insecticides would seem to date back to about 1000 B.C. It appears that until the last few decades such information as was available was rather empirical and lacked scientific precision.


This paper demonstrates the prevalence of a shared characteristic between visualizations and images of nature. We have analyzed visualization competitions and user studies of visualizations and found that the more preferred, better performing visualizations exhibit more natural characteristics. Due to our brain being wired to perceive natural images [SO01], testing a visualization for properties similar to those of natural images can help show how well our brain is capable of absorbing the data. In turn, a metric that finds a visualization's similarity to a natural image may help determine the effectiveness of that visualization. We have found that the results of comparing the sizes and distribution of the objects in a visualization with those of natural standards strongly correlate to one's preference of that visualization.


The research on water and sediment variations is of great importance for regional resource and watershed management. Studying the relationship between precipitation, runoff and sediment load, traditional methods are based on observational data fitted or artificial intelligence predictions, whose accuracy is directly dependent on the quality and quantity of the data. This paper developed a new approach for researching the relationship between precipitation, runoff and sediment load. Based on the sliding accumulative anomaly method, the M-K mutation analysis and the wavelet functions, variation of precipitation and runoff annually were discussed. The results indicated the annual variation trend of the precipitation and runoff had being consistent since 1969, both with a 28-year main cycle, and runoff variations are less subject to human influence in the Luozha River. Therefore, the formula of relationship between annual runoff and sediment load can be obtained by integrating discrepancy in the magnitude of its both variation in the natural state, which was verified by the observational data and has well applicable to acquisition of annual sediment load. The current works can broaden current knowledge of recent changes in the Lancang River Basin and improves the recognition of the water-sediment interrelation in the river.


A high-low pressure pilot valve has a valve body provided with an inlet (6) and an outlet (7), a valve chamber is formed in the valve body, a valve core (1) is mounted in the valve chamber, two ends of the valve core (1) extend out of the valve chamber, wherein one end is a pressure detecting end and the other end is provided with an elastic return element; the valve chamber comprises a first chamber body and a second chamber body adjacent to the first chamber body, which communicate with the inlet (6) and the outlet (7), respectively, and a sealing surface is formed on a common boundary of the two chamber bodies; one section on the valve core (1) is a conical valve (3), a conical surface of the conical valve (3) is matched with the sealing surface to achieve sealing. The high-low pressure pilot valve has higher sensitivity, better responsibility and better reliability.


The average Web Page size is constantly increasing: it doubled between January 2012 and January 2015 [1]. In such a context the transport of the Internet traffic becomes very challenging. To moderate the impact of the increase of traffic on end-users' Quality of Experience (QoE), the IETF specified the protocol HTTP2, which optimizes the transfer of the HTTP1 protocol. In this paper we provide a comparison of HTTP1 and HTTP2, both in terms of functionalities and in terms of Page Download Time (PDT). As end-to-end encryption is not always required, this comparison is provided in-the-clear. To avoid any bias in the comparison, our measurements are made with the same hardware, the same software and the same transport conditions (multiplexing over a single TCP connection per domain). Based on our measurement, we show that HTTP2 always highlights better performances that HTTP1. More precisely, we observe the HTTP2 PDT remains 15% lower than HTTP1 PDT as the network delay increases. Furthermore, we observe that the ratio of HTTP2 PDT to HTTP1 PDT decreases as the packet loss increases, showing that HTTP2 is more resilient to packet loss than HTTP1.


Maize plays a vital role in Benin's agricultural production systems. However, at the producer-level, yields are still low, although the production of this cereal is necessary for food security. The aims of this study were to assess the efficacy of solid biostimulants formulated from the rhizobacteria Pseudomonas putida and different binders on maize cultivation in the farming environment in three (03) study areas in South Benin. For this purpose, three (03) biostimulants were formulated based on Pseudomonas putida and the clay, peat and clay-peat combinations binders. The experimental design was a randomized block of four (04) treatments with 11 replicates per study area. Each replicate represented one producer. The trials were set up at 33 producers in the study areas of Adakplamè, Hayakpa and Zouzouvou in Southern Benin. The results obtained show that the best height, stem diameter, leaf area as obtained by applying biostimulants based on P. putida and half dose of NPK and Urea with respective increases of 15.75, 15.93, and 15.57% as compared to the full dose of NPK and Urea. Regarding maize yield, there was no significant difference between treatments and the different study areas. Taken together, the different biostimulants formulations were observed to be better than the farmers' practice in all the zones and for all the parameters evaluated, with the formulation involving Pseudomonas putida on the clay binder, and the half-dose of NPK and Urea showing the best result. The biostimulant formulated based on clay + Pseudomonas putida could be used in agriculture for a more sustainable and environmentally friendly maize production in Benin.


Background: Zygomatic fracture is one of
the most prevalent one among facial fractures caused by vehicle accident,
motorcycle accident, fighting, fall and sport injuries. Materials &
Methods: This study was a retrospective study of our patients during past 6
years. Results: We had 1277 facial fractures, of whom 9 patients had blindness.
We had 193 patients with Zygomatic fracture. 98 patients had pure zygomatic
fracture and other had complicated fractures. Frequency of blindness due to
zygomatic fracture in a period of six years was 4.7% in all and in pure
zygomatic fractures was 2.04%. Blindness was most prevalent in age group 20 -
29 years old (55.6%). The most prevalent cause of zygomatic fracture which
causes blindness, was motor vehicle accident (77.8%). Blindness was more common
in males (77.8%) than females (22.2%). Discussion and Conclusions: One of the
most disastrous complication of zygomatic fracture is transection of optic
nerve. Very careful examination of fractured bones careful examination of optic
nerve and visual acuity and urgent operation and decompression of optic nerve
must be performed. About 4% - 5% will have blindness purely due to fracture.


Spacecraft charging induced by high voltage solar arrays can result in power losses and degradation of spacecraft surfaces. In some cases, it can even present safety issues for astronauts performing extravehicular activities. An understanding of the dominant processes contributing to spacecraft charging induced by solar arrays is important to current space missions, such as the International Space Station, and to any future space missions that may employ high voltage solar arrays. A common method of analyzing the factors contributing to spacecraft charging is the current balance model. Current balance models are based on the simple idea that the spacecraft will float to a potential such that the current collecting to the surfaces equals the current lost from the surfaces. However, when solar arrays are involved, these currents are dependent on so many factors that the equation becomes quite complicated. In order for a current balance model to be applied to solar array operations, it must incorporate the time dependent nature of the charging of dielectric surfaces in the vicinity of conductors1-3. This poster will present the factors which must be considered when developing a current balance model for high voltage solar array operations and will compare results of a current balance model with data from the Floating Potential Measurement Unit4 on board the International Space Station.


In this article, the author shows how writing, used as therapeutic mediation, can help with symbolic restoration when thinking and dreaming capacities are blocked by traumatic events. Through cinema and literary illustrations, and based upon Sigmund Freud's work, she demonstrates how, just like in the dreaming process, the therapeutic work of writing can help transform traumatic experiences and play a role in fixing psychological outbreaks. The creative process can be a possible way to deal with the trauma and can help transform the nightmare and unutterable into a speakable representation. Through a clinical case, the author also discusses how dreaming and writing mediation can be fundamental levers in the therapeutic process.


Building on growing global and local calls for food systems transformation, and years of policy and legislative consultation (2009–2022), the Scottish Parliament unanimously passed transformational food systems legislation in June 2022. Built on a clear vision, clarity of purpose, a common set of outcomes, an agreed direction of travel, strong partnership working, sufficient time, and independent oversight, the Good Food Nation (GFN) (Scotland) Act is an innovative legislative framework designed to foster a healthier, fairer, and more sustainable Scottish food system for all. It places, for the first time, statutory responsibilities on the Scottish Government and relevant authorities (all Scottish local authorities and public health boards) to develop and implement national and local GFN plans, and importantly, makes provision for the establishment of a new independent, statutory Scottish Food Commission to oversee the implementation, with significant powers of oversight and scrutiny and a formal remit to make recommendations to any Scottish ministers and relevant authorities regarding issues/actions relevant to the Good Food Nation Plans. This paper outlines Scotland's agriculture, food, and drink sector, reviews its food policy and GFN journey since the establishment of the Scottish parliament in 1999, critiques the core principles, stated outcomes, key provisions, and planned timescales of the GFN (Scotland) Act, reflects on its transformational potential, and considers unresolved concerns and remaining tensions.


A study was conducted to investigate Laserruler accuracy and precision. Tests were performed on 0.050 in., 0.100 in., and 0.120 in. gauge block standards. Results showed and accuracy of 3.7 {mu}in. for the 0.12 in. standard, with higher accuracies for the two thinner blocks. The Laserruler precision was 4.83 {mu}in. for the 0.120 in. standard, 3.83 {mu}in. for the 0.100 in. standard, and 4.2 {mu}in. for the 0.050 in. standard.


In low-speed wind power systems, it is possible to remove the gearbox from the wind turbine structure by using permanent magnet synchronous generators and reduce the costs of construction, weight and maintenance. Therefore, in this paper, a single-phase grid connected impedance source inverter is studied for power management of low-speed synchronous magnet generators. Considering capability of the inverter to operate either in buck or boost modes, an extra DC-DC converter is not required in maximum power point tracking of the wind energy conversion systems. To cope with the non-minimum phase characteristic of the impedance source converter, an indirect controller is designed to regulate inverter input voltage as well as maximum power tracking of the wind turbine. Simulation results in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment indicate efficiency of the proposed controller in maximum power point tracking of the grid connected renewable power plant.


Fresh Kills is the largest landfill in the world located in the west side of Staten Island, New York. The landfill served as a storage area for New York City's trash for more than 50 years. After years of civilian and political pressure, state and local legislation decided its closure of landfill operation in Fresh Kills in March 2001. Soon after, Department of City Planning announced a Fresh Kills international design com-petition: 'Landfill to Landscape'. The winning entry was promised to be outline for the redevelopment of the 2,200 acre site which the size of three times Central Park. Forty-eight teams representing more than 200 offices from around world submitted proposals, from which six finalists that mostly led by landscape architects were selected. In December 2001, a jury of architects, landscape architects and city officials unanimously selected Field Operations as the winner. The plan, named Lifescape, visualizes the gradual 20-year transformation of the whole Staten Island into a 'natural lifestyle island' recognizing that Staten Island is home to coastal wetlands that shelter one of the most diverse ecosystems in the New York metropolitan area. It suggested that an ecologically reconstituted Fresh Kills could become the center of integrated parks and greenways system on the island otherwise fragmented. The project will be one of the largest and most ambitious undertakings in the metropolis in years developing a complex web of habitats and parklands on top of mountain of trash. This study tries to achieve two goals: One is to provide general explanations on the project, Lifescape, breaking down to its background, geographical context, design concepts and phased development plan. Another is to introduce the unique and innovative design approaches by Field Operations that are different from a conventional landscape architectural attitude. Since this project was well published through many magazines and newspapers, main focus will be upon aspects that differentiate this project from usual landscape projects. Conceptually Lifescape brought provocative notions on nature/culture relationship and the role of urban park as an active agency rather than just a green rest area. Also this project introduced pioneering graphics like plan collage, diagrammatic plan, phasing diagram and photo montage as vehicles conveying information, imagination and provocation. Witnessing the influence of the project gradually in the field of academic and practice in the States, this study is intended to become a constructive reference to similar landscape projects dealing with large and complex urban context in conjunction with restructure of contemporary city.


One way of improving the behavior of finite element schemes for classical, time-dependent Maxwell's equations, is to render them from their hyperbolic character to elliptic form. This paper is devoted to the study of the stabilized linear finite element method for the time harmonic Maxwell's equations in a dual form obtained through the Laplace transformation in time. The model problem is for the particular case of the dielectric permittivity function which is assumed to be constant in a boundary neighborhood. For the stabilized model a coercivity relation is derived that guarantee's the existence of a unique solution for the iscrete problem. The convergence is addressed both in a priori and a posteriori settings. In the a priori error estimates we confirm the theoretical convergence of the scheme in a L2-based, gradient dependent, triple norm. The order of convergence is
O(h) in weighted Sobolev space and hence optimal. We also derive, similar, optimal a posteriori error estimates controlled by a certain, weighted, norm of the residual of the computed solution. The posteriori approach is used for constructing adaptive algorithms for the computational purposes. Further, assuming a sufficiently regular solution for the dual problem, we reach the same convergence of
O(h). Finally, through implementing several numerical examples, we validate the robustness of the proposed scheme.


Low frequency rotational transitions of formaldehyde molecule, 3 30 →3 31 , 7 43 →7 44 and 10 46 →10 47 , were observed by a beam type maser spectrometer. The observed freqencies are 656.2±0.5 kHz, 819.5±0.5 kHz, and 14846±1 kHz, respectively. Except the frequency of the J =3, K -1 =3 line, they nearly agree with the values calculated from molecular constants which have been obtained from microwave spectroscopy. A possible mechanisms for the frequency difference between the observed and calculated values is discussed. Stark effect of the J =3, K -1 =3, line was studied. The saturation in emission line with an increase of the focuser voltage was remarkable in the J =3, K -1 =3 line. The saturation effect of this line is compared with those of the J =4, K -1 =3 and the J =5, K -1 =3 lines. They are consistent with each other.


This paper argues that quantifiers are a category bearing WH that serves as a blocker in the course of LF wh-movement. This view of analysis presents a simple and natural account for the long-standing ungrammaticality of sentences that involve a quantifier subject and a WH object. This view also nicely captures an IP-adjunction status of QR and predicts an independent node status of scrambling, in compliance with Miyagawa (2006) and Ahn and Jo (2006).


[Abstract] Gram-negative bacterial cells possess two membranes the inner cytoplasmic membrane and the outer membrane. The two membranes are distinct in their composition; the inner membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer, whereas the outer membrane (OM) is composed of an asymmetrical bilayer, with the outer leaflet containing lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (Raetz and Whitfield, 2002). Surface polysaccharides, such as LPS O-antigen, or capsular polysaccharide, are often tightly associated with the OM (Whitfield, 2006). This tight association can be used to generate a rough quantification of surface polysaccharides of Gram-negative bacterial cells, as the OM can easily be dissociated from cells without associated cell lysis (Brimacombe et al., 2013). The following method describes how to quickly extract and quantify OM-associated polysaccharides.


Laser‐induced fluorescence spectra with resolved rotational, fine, and hyperfine structure have been observed for the U bands of the A←X electronic transition of the Ar⋅OH/D complex. The appearance of these spectra are very different from the previously analyzed A band system of the complex. Detailed analysis of the spectra reveals that their spectral differences are caused by changes in values of molecular parameters (due to the different regions of the potential surface sampled in the A state) and their resulting effect upon the coupling of the angular momenta in the complex. Numerical results are given for the molecular parameters in the A state levels examined in these experiments and the implication of these values for the geometry and the potential surface of the complex are discussed.


The irrigated agriculture depends on both the quantity and quality of water; however, the quality aspect has been abandoned due to the fact that, in the past, in general, the sources of water, were abundant, of good quality. The objective of this work was to study the electrical conductivity and reason of adsorption of sodium in the extract of saturation of the soil in the cultivation of the abobora under different levels of saline water for irrigation and nitrogen. The irrigation water available at the Experimental Farm is coming from a well drilled the Sandstone aquifer sugar, with approximate depth of 800 m, with good quality water, and electrical conductivity of water (CEa) around 0,5 dS m. The experimental design was a randomized block in split-plot scheme 5 x 3, with four repetitions. The treatments were composed of five levels of salinity (0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 dS m-1), and three nitrogen levels: N1 = 27,37; N2 = 91.25 and N3 = 155.12 kg ha-1 corresponding to 30 %, 100% and 170 %, the recommendation of nitrogen. There was an increase in the salinity of the extract of saturation with increasing levels of saline water and nitrogen fertilization. The highest values of CEes were checked in the EC (4.5 dS.m-1) and 170% of the dose of nitrogen recommended by producers of pumpkin. The reason for adsorption of Sodium (Paraphrases) grew up proportional to the values of electrical conductivity of irrigation water


The purpose of the study was to investigate the perceived entrepreneurial competencies required by Automobile Technology students in Technical Colleges in Bauchi and Gombe states of North Eastern Nigeria. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population of the study was 265 consisting of 96 Automobile Technology Teachers and 169 Automobile Technology Entrepreneurs. The study was guided by three research questions and three hypotheses, formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The instrument used for the study was a structured questionnaire which was face and content validated by three experts. Cronbach Alpha reliability method was adopted to determine the internal consistency of the instrument which yielded a reliability coefficient of 0.82. The data collected were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and z-test statistic. It was found out that entrepreneurial competencies were perceived to be highly required on marketing, financial and accounting competencies by Automobile Technology Students. It was recommended among others that, the teaching staff of technical colleges should be exposed to adequate training and retraining on the entrepreneurial skills and competencies and the new contents of automobiles technology to be included into the curriculum of technical colleges.


Vacuum-driven soft grippers are drawing increasing attention in robotics due to their flexibility and adaptability, similar to conventional soft grippers driven by positive pressure. Although better durability and failure safety have been demonstrated, current designs still suffer from high dead weight and limited load-carrying capabilities. In this letter, we present a vacuum-driven gripper consisting of unstretchable fabric chambers and bioinspired elastic spines, capable of compliant, rapid, and powerful grasping. The proposed gripper performs the characteristics of lightweight, high repeatability, and good fatigue resistance. It can exert a maximum grasping force of over 50 N and securely grasp objects of various sizes and shapes, including fast-moving objects. A kinematic model and a quasi-static model are further developed to precisely control the bending angle of the finger, enabling free switching between compliant grasping and squeezing of objects for various application requirements. The proposed design method enriches the field of soft grippers with a simple and replicable approach for achieving safe but high-performance grasping.


The invention provides a rhythm board with adjustable height. For the rhythm board with adjustable height, a support leg is arranged on the bottom surface of each of two ends in the length direction of a long pedal, a first locating part is arranged at the lower half part of each support leg, each first locating part is provided with two first side plates which are parallel to each other, and at least one first clamping part is arranged on the side face of at least one first side plate; a second locating part pivoted to the corresponding first locating part is arranged at the upper half part of one extending support leg, so that the extending support leg is inwards folded relative to the support leg, or the support leg and the extending support leg are unfolded at a straight line, so thatthe height of the long pedal is promoted. In addition, the second locating part is provided with two second side plates parallel to each other, the two second side plates are correspondingly adjacentto the two first side plates, at least one second clamping part for correspondingly limiting the first clamping part is arranged on the side face of at least one second side plate, so that the extending supports legs are located to different rotation angles.


The paper, taking an example of software development of PCL-818 card, expatiates on the whole course of measurement control's software in Experiment Measurement System developed by Lab Windows/CVI . In view of conflict problem in message mechanism between Lab Windows/CVI development kits and Visual C++ Development Environments, the paper suggests that a design thinking of process encapsulation can be used to solve message conflict and Lab Windows/CVI development module is used effectually in Visual C++ development environments.


Ovomucin is a sulphated egg white glycoprotein responsible for the gel structure of egg thick white, which has a lot of biological activities such as antibacterial, antiviral and anti-coagulant activity. Ovomucin has not only important bioresearch meaning, but also has other various medical, nutritional and sanitarian values. This paper is aiming to summarize the research progress in Ovomucin, including the distribution, structural and physicochemical property as well as its biological activities. The separation and purification technologies of Ovomucin were also reviewed. The article will provide a scientific basis for the application and development of Ovomucin as an effective ingredient and for the exploitation and utilization of poultry eggs resource.


Stress is an unavoidable quality of life and work. In any work there is wide assortment of likely reasons for pressure. The investigation about Coping procedures for Psychosocial stress related issues at workplace is to help the Staff medical caretakers to adapt to psychosocial stress at work environment, to improve the nature of work and thusly improve the personal satisfaction, diminish the danger of any pressure actuated issues and to achieve them to know about different intricacies and danger for medical issues. Also it controls the staff medical caretakers towards a serene and glad psyche and a solid life. In this manner, the organized training program is exceptionally useful to build the information and to know about results of Psychosocial stress related issues at work environment. Word related pressure portrays physical, mental and passionate mileage achieved by incongruence between the prerequisite of work and abilities, assets and necessities of the representative to adapt to work requests.


The Mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx) and the Drill (M. leucophaeus) differ by approximately 30% of their genes as shown by electrophoretic studies. The reasons of this differenciation are discussed with regard to divergence of characters, geographical isolation, and social organization of both species.


The proof of pre-Alpidic basement within the Hellenides may provide important clues to the geodynamic evolution of the Aegean before the onset of the Alpidic orogenesis. For the internal zones of the Hellenides, the existence of pre-Alpidic relics is well documented. Most of the radiometric dates indicate a Hercynian stage of consolidation. The structural units of the external Hellenides are built up of sediments deposited in MesozoicTertiary times. The basement of these sedimentary sequences is generally not exposed. Remnants of pre-Alpidic crystalline basement rocks were only observed on the island of Crete. The structure of Crete is characterized by a pile of nappes consisting of rock units from different paleogeographic zones. The higher units (Uppermost Unit, Pindos Unit, Tripolitza Unit) are divided from the lower units (PhylliteQuartzite Unit, Tripali Unit, Plattenkalk Unit) by a low-angle normal fault of pre-Serravallian age. The lower units were overprinted by blueschist-facies metamorphism in late Oligocene/early Miocene times caused by north east dipping subduction in the Hellenic Arc which still goes on. By contrast, the higher tectonic units were not affected by this high-pressure event. The sedimentary record within the different tectonic units of Crete goes back to the Permo-Triassic. For most of the units it is assumed that the sedimentary sequences were deposited on continental crust. During the nappe piling the sedimentary covers sheared off and left behind the basement. The whereabouts of this basement are unknown, and direct informations about the composition and age of the crust once underlying the different units are scarce. Remnants of pre-Alpidic crystalline basement were first recognized in eastern Crete (Seidel 1978; Seidel et al. 1982). There, slices of crystalline rocks are intermingled with the Permo-Triassic volcano-sedimentary se quence of the allochthonous Phyllite-Quartzite Unit. The size of those slices may reach some kilometers in diam eter. Amongst the crystalline rocks are amphibolites, micaschists and gneisses. In metapelites garnet, staurolite and kyanite were found besides muscovite, biotite and quartz. This assemblage is typical of the Barrovian-type amphibolite-facies metamorphism. The amphibolites with green hornblende and plagioclase show geochemical characteristics of tholeiitic basalts generated in an extensional tectonic environment (Franz 1992). The age of this tholeiitic magmatism, which probably took place within continental crust, is unknown. It must be older than the amphibolite-facies metamorphism. During the Tertiary high-pressure metamorphism the green hornblende in the amphibolites was partially replaced by blue amphibole. Fragments of the crystalline rocks in Scythian sediments (Krahl et al. 1986) of the Phyllite-Quartzite Unit in eastern Crete testify to a pre-Triassic age of metamorphism. K-Ar dating on hornblendes and muscovites yielded model ages between 315 and 205 Ma (Seidel et al. 1982). The cluster of dates around 300 Ma and the few younger dates fit well with the concept of a Hercynian basement only weakly affected by the Alpidic very low-grade high P/T metamorphism. Crystalline rocks closely resembling the Hercynian metamorphites within the Phyllite-Quarzite Unit of east ern Crete are known from the islands of Kalymnos, Leros and Lipsi in the Dodecanese far northeast of Crete. Like Crete, typical minerals in metapelites are garnet, staurolite and kyanite, and the amphibolites show geochemical characteristics of tholeiitic basalts (Franz 1992). The crystalline rocks of the Dodecanese occur as slices at the base of a nappe. They are overlain by siliciclastic sediments of Permo-Triassic age and Jurassic-Cretaceous carbonate rocks (Dürr 1986). The siliciclastic sediments are foliated and show stretching lineation (Franz 1992). K-Ar dating on hornblendes and muscovites from Kalymnos, Leros and Lipsi yielded model ages mainly between 320 and 230 Ma (Franz et al. in prep.). The dates of 405 and 539 Ma for two hornblendes can be disregarded because of very low potassium contents and consequently high sensitivity to excess argon. Like Crete, the dates are interpreted as Hercynian ages partially reset by a very low-grade Alpidic overprint.


We develop a semi-classical mechanism by which the weak anisotropies of the Mixmaster Universe are suppressed. The volume of the Universe is regarded as an external-like observer and a clear probabilistic interpretation of the wave function naturally arises. We show that near the cosmological singularity all values of the anisotropies are almost equally favored but, once large volume regions are investigated, the closed FRW Universe configuration is deeply privileged.


Dynamic analysis of a three-axle heavy truck is carried out with rigid body model and flexible body model. To see the effects of chassis flexibility, the chassis is modeled as flexible body. The mass matrix, stiffness matrix, and vibration normal modes of the chassis are obtained by a finite element analysis program, and four vibration normal modes are used in the flexible body model. The vehicle model consisting of a frame, a cab, suspensions, an engine, a deck, a seat, and tires, has total 77 degrees of freedom. The result shows that the peaked acceleration in the flexible model is lower than that of the rigid body model.


The issue of internal wave–mesoscale eddy–zonal mean inter actions in Physical Oceanography is revisited. Implicit in this work is the conc ept that adiabatic pseudomomentum flux divergences in the wave field serve as int erior sources and sinks of eddy potential vorticity. The exchange of internal w ve momentum with eddy potential vorticity is an intrinsic component of linea r wave propagation in geostrophically balanced mean fields. The key element in pro ducing permanent changes in potential vorticity of the mesoscale eddy field is recognizing weak nonlinearity within the internal wavefield to be an irreversibl e process. Relatively minor changes to an extant theoretical analysis of internal wave– mesoscale eddy interactions supports the interpretation t hat the mesoscale eddy field acts as a source of internal wave energy and pseudomomen tu . For the Garrett and Munk spectral description of the background intern al wavefield, this interaction can be cast as a horizontal viscosity of 50-100 m 2 s−1 and an effective vertical viscosity of−8 × 10−3 m2 s−1 acting on the mesoscale eddy field. The prediction for the horizontal viscosity is consistent with observations of eddy internal wave coupling ( νh ∼= 50 m2 s−1 ) estimated from current meter array data. The prediction for the effective vertical viscosity is very sensitive to how how energy is distributed in the spectral domain: observations in dicate an effective vertical viscosity of3 × 10−3 m2 s−1. The difference between observed and predicted exchange coefficients is attributed to differences between th observed internal wave spectrum and the Garrett and Munk model.


PAH's were determined in three samples of wheat infected with Tilletia yeast, applying standard procedure, which includes soxhlet extraction (dichloro methane), followed by purification of the extract and then analysis applying the UV, TLC and HPLC techniques. The detected PAH's in the three infected wheat samples are; naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene,fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]pyrene, dibenzo[ah]anthracene, benzo[ghi]perylene, and indeno[1,2,3-cd] perylene. The average sum of the PAH's concentration in the infected wheat is 33.91 ppm, which is far from the international acceptable concentration (0.1-2.5 ppm) for such carcinogenic compounds. High concentrations of acenaphthene (14.03 ppm) and acenaphthylene (8.6 ppm) are detected. Both compounds are known to be of strong carcinogenic activity.


AbstractThe mechanisms that initiate and maintain oceanic "storm tracks" (regions of anomalously high eddy kinetic energy) are studied in a wind-driven, isopycnal, primitive equation model with idealized bottom topography. Storm tracks are found downstream of the topography in regions strongly influenced by a large-scale stationary meander that is generated by the interaction between the background mean flow and the topography. In oceanic storm tracks the length scale of the stationary meander differs from that of the transient eddies, a point of distinction from the atmospheric storm tracks. When the zonal length and height of the topography are varied, the storm-track intensity is largely unchanged and the downstream storm-track length varies only weakly. The dynamics of the storm track in this idealized configuration are investigated using a wave activity flux (related to the Eliassen–Palm flux and eddy energy budgets). It is found that vertical fluxes of wave activity (which correspond to eddy growth ...


Introduction 1. Genius 2. Models 3. Scenes 4. Mirrors 5. Associations 6. Fictions 7. Shadows 7. Mementos Conclusion: The Poetry of Architecture


This paper discusses vowel behavior in relation to syllable structurein European Portuguese. The analysis is based on GovernmentPhonology (Kaye, Lowenstamm and Vergnaud, 1985, 1990).We will argue that syllabic constituents in European Portuguesedetermine, to a great extent, vowel behavior. Branching nucleiand rhymes are the structures which most clearly determine thevalue of vowels in unstressed positions. As we will see throughoutthis paper, vowel reduction is clearly conditioned by syllablestructures.


Background Occlusion myocardial infarctions (OMIs) of the posterolateral walls are commonly missed by ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) criteria, with >50% of patients with circumflex occlusion not receiving emergent reperfusion and experiencing increased mortality. ST‐segment depression maximal in leads V1–V4 (STDmaxV1–4) has been suggested as an indicator of posterior OMI. Methods and Results We retrospectively reviewed a high‐risk population with acute coronary syndrome. OMI was defined from prior studies as a culprit lesion with TIMI (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction) 0 to 2 flow or TIMI 3 flow plus peak troponin T >1.0 ng/mL or troponin I >10 ng/mL. STEMI was defined by the Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction. ECGs were interpreted blinded to outcomes. Among 808 patients, there were 265 OMIs, 108 (41%) meeting STEMI criteria. A total of 118 (15%) patients had "suspected ischemic" STDmaxV1–4, of whom 106 (90%) had an acute culprit lesion, 99 (84%) had OMI, and 95 (81%) underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. Suspected ischemic STDmaxV1–4 had 97% specificity and 37% sensitivity for OMI. Of the 99 OMIs detected by STDmaxV1–4, 34% had <1 mm ST‐segment depression, and only 47 (47%) had accompanying STEMI criteria, of which 17 (36%) were identified a median 1.00 hour earlier by STDmaxV1–4 than STEMI criteria. Despite similar infarct size, TIMI flow, and coronary interventions, patients with STEMI(−) OMI and STDmaxV1–4 were less likely than STEMI(+) patients to undergo catheterization within 90 minutes (46% versus 68%; P=0.028). Conclusions Among patients with high‐risk acute coronary syndrome, the specificity of ischemic STDmaxV1–4 was 97% for OMI and 96% for OMI requiring emergent percutaneous coronary intervention. STEMI criteria missed half of OMIs detected by STDmaxV1–4. Ischemic STDmaxV1–V4 in acute coronary syndrome should be considered OMI until proven otherwise.


In this paper, we extend the notion of the Bogomolov multipliers and the CP-extensions to Lie algebras. Then we compute the Bogomolov multipliers for Abelian, Heisenberg and nilpotent Lie algebras of class at most 6. Finally we compute the Bogomolov multipliers of some simple complex Lie algebras.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study how several brands like Poulain, Liebig and Guérin have helped to disseminate the French roman national through their chromolithographs at the beginning of the 20th century. By doing so, the paper highlights the participation of brands in the co-construction of the French roman national, a historical narrative that articulates state-supported collective memories.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 1,106 historical trade cards have been collected and analyzed. Historical studies of the roman national have been used as secondary sources to aid in the interpretation of the motifs conveyed in those chromolithographs.

Findings
Chromolithographic images produced by various brands at the beginning of the 20th century contributed to the roman national. They provide an ethnocentric, patriotic and linear view of history but are also crossed by political fault lines, opposing secular and Catholic visions of history.

Originality/value
The chromolithographs produced and disseminated by companies have so far only been analyzed as promotional tools, aimed at popularizing brands and stores. By studying roman national motifs, this paper helps us understand what role businesses have played in building other narratives and forging a national spirit.


Objective To study the value of the clinical application of intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) with cool-tip radiofrequency(RF) in carcinoma. Methods Intraoperative ultrasonography was applied in 48 patients with hepatic tumor and 5 patients with pancreatic tumor. Intraoperative probe was put on the surface of the viscera directly,and the location,volume,number and adjoining vessels of tumors were observe. After the biopsy,the radiofrequency electrode was placed into tumor under the guidance of IOUS,then the multi-stage and multi-point treatment were performed. Results All of the 53 patients completed their therapies under the guidance of IOUS,and new focus were found by IOUS in 5 cases. Forty-six patients survived in 2 ~ 12 months in following up after treatment. Conclusion The application of laparotomic cool-tip RF under guidance of IOUS has the advantages of accurate locallization,safty and multistage and multipoint inactivation of the tumor tissue with lager necrotic area. Furthermore the intraoperative ultrasound could compensate the disadvantages of preoperational imaging,discover the misdiagnostic focus and result in treatment in time.


Oral communicative competence enables speakers of a language to interact effectively with each other. Oral communicative competence includes a wide semantic field since the oral expression is a way of expression for the thought and it provides feedback and develops by means of the linguistic function (Vygotsky, 1992; Piaget, 1983a, 1983b; Pinker, 2003). English communicative competence is based on the use of the language as a tool of communication, both oral and written, of representation, of interpretation and of reality comprehension. This investigation aims to analyse the oral communicative competence in English of students who have finished the stage of Primary Education. It also tries to know if the center where students study, the students' gender, the attitude towards the English language and attendance to private lessons increase the oral communicative competence. The sample was intentional and stratified (rural-urban and ordinary-bilingual). It is composed by 265 students and the instrument is a questionnaire provided with reliability and validity. The results show high levels of competence, higher than expected, and with light differences that favor the girls and the urban bilingual schools in the acquisition of the oral communicative competence in English.


As the requirement for the power quality is increasing nowadays, the distributed source energy has been widely used. The association of different Distributed Generation System (DGS) could cause as many problems as it may solve. Micro-grid associates the distributed generation and the loads as a subsystem. The generation and loads could separate from the distribution system to isolate the micro-grid's load from the disturbance without harming the distributed network's integrity. This paper discusses the associated operation of the distributed generation system and the influence it introduced into the distributed network. The design the distributed generation system would influence the voltage distribution of the system. Simulation and analysis has been done to verify it and the methods to avoid the harm it introduced to the network are proposed. Introduction The development of economy and technology has changed the demand and requirement for the electricity generation and transmission. The centralized generation facilities are giving way to smaller, more distributed generation partially due to the loss of traditional economies of scale. The distributed generation system has the following obvious advantages: 1) using the clean energy properly such as the solar energy, wind energy and biology fuel to reduce the emission of wasted gas during electricity generation; 2) in the distribution network, when the physical capacity of the generation system is insufficient as the increase of the loads, building the distributed generation system could satisfy the partial increase of loads and reduce the investment of electricity generation facilities; Meanwhile, it could make up the insufficiency of the peak of electricity consumption; 3) It could improve the partial reliability of power supply in the distributed network; 4) It could improve the efficiency of energy use and reduce the loss in transmission grid, such as using the technology of thermoelectricity cogeneration to enhance the utilization ratio of the primary energy. However, the distributed generation system could cause the problems in the distributed network as much as it could solve. With the increase of permeability of distributed generation system, its development is limited by the harm it brought to traditional distributed system. The utilization of single machine distributed source has the problems of high cost and difficult control. On the other hand, distributed source is an uncontrolled source for the large power grid. Thus, the large power grid could use the method of limitation and isolation to control the distributed sources to reduce the impact for the large power grid. In 2001 the United States has proposed the standard IEEEP1547/D08--"Draft Standard for Interconnecting Distributed Sources with Electrical Power System", and designs the grid-connected standard for the distributed source: when there is any fault happens in the power grid, the distributed sources should shut down immediately, and it large limits the efficiency of the distributed sources. Also, the passive radicalized structure and the one-way single-path feature of the traditional distributed system has limited the operation of distributed generation system. They should be regarded as the load and the electricity they produced should be smaller than the loads, which limits the structure of the distributed generation system. The concept of micro-grid is proposed to solve the problems. Micro-grid is proposed in 2001 by R. H. Lasseter in University of Wisconsin-Madison. It is consisted by the distributed source such as photovoltaic cells and fuel cells, energy storage facilities, energy transformation facilities, monitoring and protecting facilities and relative loads. It is an isolating system which could realize the self-control, 2225 2nd International Conference on Electronic & Mechanical Engineering and Information Technology (EMEIT-2012) Published by Atlantis Press, Paris, France. © the authors protection and management. The micro-grid could be operating connected with the distributed system, or isolated with the grid. In micro-grid, the electricity users need is provided by the wind power system, photovoltaic system, fuel cells and so forth. In the prerequisite of satisfying the thermal supply of the users, the micro-grid associates all kinds of distributed sources to provide electricity. Micro-grid could be controlled easily and is connected with the distributed grid. When there is fault happening in upstream network, micro-grid could operate isolated with the main grid. Viewing from the load side, micro-grid could provide the electricity for the thermal use and enhance the reliability of power supply, reduce the waste gas and improve the power quality by reducing the voltage sags and swells.