We study the short-time evolution of the bipartite entanglement in quantum lattice systems with local interactions in terms of the purity of the reduced density matrix. A lower bound for the purity is derived in terms of the eigenvalue spread of the interaction Hamiltonian between the partitions. Starting from an initially separable state the purity decreases as $1\ensuremath{-}(t/\ensuremath{\tau}){}^{2}$ (i.e., quadratically in time, with a characteristic timescale $\ensuremath{\tau}$ that is inversely proportional to the boundary size of the subsystem, that is, as an area law). For larger times an exponential lower bound is derived corresponding to the well-known linear-in-time bound of the entanglement entropy. The validity of the derived lower bound is illustrated by comparison to the exact dynamics of a one-dimensional spin lattice system as well as a pair of coupled spin ladders obtained from numerical simulations.


African countries are faced with a number of daunting health challenges. These include maternal mortality, child and infant mortality, malaria, human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), cholera, and so on. At such a time, Africans need access to health information. Unfortunately, access to and dissemination of health information in Africa is still at its lowest ebb. This article, therefore, examines the benefits of access to health information and the different methods adopted by African countries for the dissemination of health information. The article contends that the synergy between health and information professionals and the adoption of best strategies for the dissemination of health information will help to reduce Africans' disease burden.


AVERAGE DRIVERS CONSISTENTLY STOP IN SHORTER DISTANCES WHEN THEIR CARS REQUIRE SIGNIFICANT BRAKE PEDAL FORCE TO REACH HIGH DECELERATIONS THAN WITH VERY SENSITIVE POWER BRAKES. STRENGTH OF WEAKER FEMALE LIMITS MAXIMUM BRAKE PEDAL FORCE. TWO CARS WITH DIFFERENT GAINS AND PEDAL COMPLIANCES WERE TESTED. RESULTS CONCERNING LOSS OF CONTROL, WHEEL LOCKUPS, DECELERATION, EMERGENCY STOPPING, AND CONTROLLABILITY ARE DESCRIBED. /HSL/


The Plain Language Information Statement (PLIS) needs to be written and presented in a style and format appropriate to the age and educational standard of the potential participants and it should be composed using plain, not technical, language.


"The first available written source in human history relating to the description of the life expectancy of a living population is a legal text which originates from the Roman jurist Ulpianus (murdered in AD 228). In contrast to the prevailing opinion in demography, I not only do consider the text to be of ¿historical interest'...but to be a document of inestimable worth for evaluating the population survival probability in the Roman empire. The criteria specified by Ulpianus are in line with the ¿pan-human' survival function as described by modern model life tables, when based on adulthood. Values calculated from tomb inscriptions follow the lowest level of the model life tables as well and support Ulpianus' statements. The specifications by Ulpianus for the population of the Roman world empire as a whole in the ¿best fit' with modern life tables lead to an average level of 20 years of life expectancy. As a consequence a high infant mortality rate of almost 400 [per thousand] can be concluded resulting in no more than three children at the age of five in an average family in spite of a high fertility rate." (EXCERPT)


This issue of JBMR marks the end of my term as the Editorin-Chief. The mere writing of this sentence is emotional and bittersweet. Editing our treasured journal has been a pleasurable part of my day for the last 5 years and a highpoint in my academic career. As I pass the baton to the incoming editorial team I would like to share a few reflections on what we have accomplished and thank those who have helped me in this rewarding experience. There are many reasons to celebrate the success of the JBMR. The publishing partnership with Wiley, negotiated during the first year of my tenure, has been a major success from both a scientific and financial standpoint. In 2011, the JBMR enjoyed its best impact factor ever (7.01) suggesting a higher ceiling than we first imagined. Our business operations are generating record returns, and have made the Publications Division a leading revenue stream for the ASBMR. There is nomystery to why the JBMR is number one in the field. We receive the highest-quality papers, which are further strengthened and prioritized by expert reviews. Indeed, it is the stringency of the review process that is the most important factor, which determines the overall impact of the science that is ultimately published. This simple statement, which seems so obvious to me now, was not at all clear at the beginning of my term. The job of making these tough decisions has been shared by my two outstanding Senior Associate Editors, Xu Cao and John Bilezikian, and by the team of experienced Associate Editors who committedmany long hours to ensure that eachmanuscript was rigorously reviewed in a timely fashion. If JBMR's present is bright, its future should be even brighter. During the last decade we have witnessed landmark discoveries by bone scientists that have reshaped our understanding of physiology and medicine. In the basic arena, bone research has led the way in establishing the skeleton as metabolic organ. Translational bone scientists have connected a molecule important in fly development to a rare disease of bone overgrowth and used this knowledge to create a new pharmaceutical now being tested in women with osteoporosis. Bone geneticists are spearheading both technical and practical innovations in genomic analyses and personalized medicine. Clinical advances in the prediction of fracture risk and development of noninvasive biomarkers for bone mass are truly without peer and will likely guide the development of analogous indicators so urgently needed for the diagnosis and management of sarcopenia. We can predict that this ''upgrade'' of bone science from a subspecialty to a top tier position in biomedical research will continue to raise the impact of bone science and further improve JBMR's standing in the scientific literature. Indeed, the modernization of bone science has prompted the evolution of entirely new scientific fields as skeletal research merged with science in complementary areas. Two examples of this hybrid science are osteoimmunology and bone muscle interactions. These exciting new disciplines will generate high impact science that will now premiere in the pages of the JBMR. The fast pace and shifting landscape of scientific discovery present new challenges to both editors and publishers. The Internet and its associated technological advances now enable wider access to scientific literature with virtually no distribution costs. Battle lines are being drawn between commercial publishers and advocates of ''open access,'' in which the author (read funding agency) pays and content is free to the user. These changing trends will require a nimble JBMR equipped to adjust quickly and appropriately to the new environment. In this regard, I am delighted that Juliet Compston will be the new Editor-inChief of JBMR. As a world-class clinician scientist and past Associate Editor, Dr. Compston brings a wealth of experience to this job. I am confident that Dr. Compston and her editorial team will rise to the new challenges and make tomorrow's JBMR even better than it is today. As I leave my post I want to thank a number of people who have contributed to the success of the journal and made my job so enjoyable. The MVP goes to Bob Fulcher, the immediate past head of ASBMR's publications division, whose tenure at JBMR ran concurrently with mine. His expertise and wisdom, often exercised behind the scenes, was invaluable to me and was as critical to the journal's success as any other component. I am extremely grateful to the Wiley team at Hoboken, headed by the very capable Jinnie Kim and her diligent associate Katie Simmons. Their professionalism, high standards of excellence, and knowledge of the publishing field were essential for the smooth operation of the journal. Finally, a special thanks to Doug DiGirolamo, the ''go-to'' guy in our Hopkins' office, who did EDITORIAL JBMR


In view of the indirect benefit cost which is difficult to be determined in national economy evaluation model of construction projects, some quantization models and description models of invisible result were established; The model of multi sensativity analysis and the model of random probability simulation analysis were adopted for risk analysis. The models are applied in economic evaluation practice of a mine enterprise, and practical economic evaluation result was obtained.


Exchange between wetland surface water and the atmosphere is driven by a variety of motions, ranging from rainfall impact to thermal convection and animal locomotion. Here we examine the effect of wind‐driven vegetation movement. Wind causes the stems of emergent vegetation to wave back and forth, stirring the water column and facilitating air‐water exchange. To understand the magnitude of this effect, a gas transfer velocity (k600 value) was measured via laboratory experiments. Vegetation waving was studied in isolation by mechanically forcing a model canopy to oscillate at a range of frequencies and amplitudes matching those found in the field. The results show that stirring due to vegetation waving produces k600 values from 0.55 cm/h to 1.60 cm/h. The dependence of k600 on waving amplitude and frequency are evident from the laboratory data. These results indicate that vegetation waving has a nonnegligible effect on gas transport; thus, it can contribute to a mechanistic understanding of the fluxes underpinning biogeochemical processes.


Preface Assignment 1 Learning the Basics of SPSS Assignment 2 Looking at Frequency Distributions and Descriptive Statistics Assignment 3 Presenting Data in Graphic Form Assignment 4 Testing Research Hypotheses for Two Independent Samples Assignment 5 Testing Research Hypotheses About Two Related Sampled Assignment 6 Comparing Independent Samples with One-Way ANOVA Assignment 7 Comparing Related Samples with One-Way ANOVA Assignment 8 Measuring the Simple Relationship Between Two Variables Assignment 9 Describing the Linear Relationship Between Two Variables Assignment 10 Assessing the Association Between Two Categorical Variables Appendix Entering Data Using Programs Other Than SPSS


Immunoglobulin E (IgE) is an important mediator in atopic allergies. This thesis describes the development of a therapeutic vaccine against IgE and its effects in rats and dogs. The development of ...


In order to enhance the adhesive bonding, two different methods of surface treatments have been carried out on aluminum alloy 2024-T3 substrate i.e. alkaline etching and silane treatment. The topology and surface chemical analyses of treated alloy were investigated by AFM and XPS, respectively. The effect of surface treatments on the wettability and adhesive bonding strength were also studied. Three different formulations of polyurethane adhesive by varying the NCO: OH ratio that were prepared from the reaction of green polycaprolactone (PCL) polyol and diisocyanate. Silane treatment showed better wettability and adhesive bonding strength compared to alkaline etching surface treatment.


Of great interest to calves are probiotics, which prevent gastrointestinal tract diseases, increase the activity of digestive enzymes, are able to produce a variety of antibiotic compounds that inhibit the growth of pathogens. Studies in the conditions of LLC "Agrofirm Bayramgul" of Uchalinsky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan found that the use of the probiotic "Stimix Zoostim" based on the microorganisms Escherichia coli, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bacillus subtilis, Azotobaktervinelandii, Azotobakterchroococcum, positively influences the formation microbiocenosis of faeces, hematological blood indicators and growth rate of calves of the dairy period of the black-and-white Holstein breed of German breeding. The introduction of the probiotic "StimixZoostim" into the diets of the diary period in the amount of 10 ml per head at the age of 10-20 days, 15 ml at the age of 21-90 days, contributes to the increase in the number of lactobacilli by 27.0%, bifidobacterium by 37.6%, with a decrease in the number of echerichia by 31.3%, compared with the first control group. The use of the probiotic "StimixZoostim" in rations of calves of the milk period, within the physiological norm, contributes to the increase in the number of red blood cells by 9.3%, hemoglobin by 11.3%, γ globulins by 32.6%. These changes in the blood indicate a higher level of natural resistance and are characteristic of intensively growing calves. With 100% preservation of calves in the milk period in all groups, in the third and fourth experimental groups, the average daily growth in calves was higher by 8.9-10.2% with a decrease in feed costs per 1 kg of growth in live weight by 8.1-9.4% compared with the control group. However, in the fourth test group, the increase in the dose of the probiotic, equivalent to an increase in the growth rate of calves, did not occur. Thus, an effective dose of a probiotic is a dose of 10 ml per head per day at the age of 10-20 days, 15 ml at the age of 21-90 days. The results of the manufacturing inspection of the effective dose showed that the economic effect per head was 149.23 rubles.


The thermal transmittance of windows is analyzed based on the national calculation specification.A finite element model of windows was created for the thermal performance numerical simulation,in which the linear transmittance of the glazing is also considered.The detailed formula for calculating the windows linear thermal transmittance are proposed.The results show that numerical results by the linear transmittance agree well with those obtained by the experiment and satisfy well the calculation specification.The achievements in this paper may be referenced for the thermal transmittance analysis of windows.


This continuing education course is intended for general dentists, hygienists and dental assistants. This course will review global prevalence and risk factors of three common health conditions among aging women: cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and osteoporosis. It explores prevention and treatment approaches, connections to oral health, and specific treatment plans for each condition. (This is Part 1 of a 2-part series on women, aging and oral health. Part 2 is available in the dentalcare.ca CE library.)


The mechanism of low frequency oscillations in Hall thrusters is usually explained using the predator‐prey type model, but the reasonable boundary conditions for the model have not been given. Analyses on thrusters' model equations show that besides the processes of neutral replenishment and ionization avalanche, the effects of dynamic electric field are also necessary for low frequency oscillations. The dynamic electric field reflects the interaction of ionization zone with acceleration zone, and is embodied in boundary conditions of the predator‐prey type model. Furthermore, a basic predator‐prey type model with reasonable boundary conditions and complete physical mechanism is proposed. And the effects of electric field on low frequency oscillations are verified by experiment (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The rubber tree juvenile clone Dafeng95 from anther culture and the mature clone Dafeng95 were investigated at Fenyong Overseas Chinese State Farm in Guangdong Province.The results showed that compared with Dafeng 95 mature clone,the juvenile clone appeared to have a stronger cold tolerance and its girth increment,latex yield,dry rubber content increased 23.9%,66.3%,and 4.9%,respectively.


The critical technology of condition-based maintenance of relay protection is analyzed,and the on-line state detection method of main relay protection secondary circuits such as AC secondary circuit,switching value input secondary circuit and breaker operating secondary circuit are studied.For secondary AC circuit on-line status detection,a solution of making comparative analysis between its AC input value and reference value is proposed.Specific on-line state detection schemes each for the single and dual configured relay protection devices are proposed,respectively.As for on-line status detection schemes of switching value input secondary circuit,an abnormal status detecting scheme using microcomputer is proposed for certain types of switching value input secondary circuit.With respect to on-line status detection of the breaker operating secondary circuit,a detailed state detecting circuit is designed,and the proposed switch on/off export contact reliability detecting method based on double relay contacts in series is analyzed at length.The proposed method is simple and practical,and can be better to realize the real-time on-line detection of switch on/off export contact action.


Observations have shown that youths generally and students in particular are obsessed in social networking. This study therefore examined how social networking influence Entrepreneurship Students' academic studies in the University of Benin. Three research questions guided the study. A total number of about 300 undergraduate students constituted the study population and 100 were randomly selected as sample representative for the study. The survey research design was adopted and a 40-item structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. Focus group discussion was equally used to elicit information from some respondents. The instrument was3 experts from entrepreneurship, computer and measurement and evaluation validated and tested to be highly reliable using Cronbach Apha and a reliability value of 0.84 was obtained. The data collected were analyzed using the mean and standard deviation to answer the research questions and determine the homogeneity of the respondents' opinions. The t-test inferential statistics was used to test the hypothesis formulated at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed among others that some of the respondents use internet frequently for social net working at the expense of their academic studies. Also that social-networking enhances respondents' information and communication skills and thereby stimulate their critical and functional thinking to problem solving approach. Against this backdrop it was recommended amthis backdrop it was recommended among others that social networking should be used to promote teaching/learning and in particular Educators should adopt it to reschedule lectures and give assignments to ensure its purposeful usage and to the students' advantage.


Lymphocytopenia is often present in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and has been suggested as a useful screening test for AIDS. Of 625 patients consecutively admitted to an acute care university teaching hospital 91 (15%) were found to have a lymphocyte count of less than 1 X 10(9)/L, and 25 (4%) had a count of less than 0.5 X 10(9)/L. The corresponding figures for 32 patients at the hospital in whom AIDS had been diagnosed were 13 (41%) and 4 (13%). Absolute lymphocyte counts in hospitalized patients should not be used as the sole means of identifying patients at high risk for AIDS.


Immunocytochemical study of interleukin 1β was performed in exfoliates from the surface of gingival sulcus in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis and in patients with healthy periodontium. IL-1β was found only in epithelial cells. According to the results of immunocytochemical study, IL-1β in the gingival sulcus epithelium of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis exceeded the level in the control group up to ten times. (Cytokines and Inflammation. 2012. Vol. 11. No 1. P. 101–104.)


The purpose of the article is presentation of research results of the tourism potential in Ukraine, analysis of trends in the development of startup environment, definition of measures, directions to ensure the development of startups in the tourism business. The object of study is the process of organizing startups in the tourism business. The subject of research is theoretical and practical aspects of the organization and prospects of development of startups in the tourism business of Ukraine. The methodological basis of the study is a system-analytical method that contributes to the theoretical generalization of scientific concepts, developments, proposals of leading domestic and foreign scientists on the problems of forming startups in tourism. Methods of economic and statistical analysis are used to study the current state and trends of startups in the tourism business of Ukraine. The scientific novelty of the article is that startup technologies are considered as an effective form of implementing innovative ideas in the tourism industry. Conclu- sions. Thus, today startup technologies in the tourism business are a key tool for effective communication of local authorities, public and business structures with a global audience of potential tourists. It is determined that tourism startup proj- ects are an effective tool for establishing partnerships between Ukrainian and international companies, which intensifies grants and direct investments, promotes the entry of Ukrainian tourism enterprises into world markets, is an effective mechanism for international presentation of new tourism products in Ukraine. The scientific results of the study serve as a theoretical and methodological, informa- tion-analytical and practical basis for streamlining the organization of startups in the tourism business of Ukraine. In general, the work provides an opportunity to assess the potential of the country, as well as to identify measures to ensure the development of startups in the tourism business.


Objective To understand the present situation of equipment management in medical college in Guizhou.Methods Sampling survey and statistical analysis were performed with 132 staffs from Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Zunyi Medical College.Results The research showed some problems in equipment application and allocation,equipment usage and daily management,equipment maintenance and retirement and so on.Conclusion With the management of equipment changed,the management efficiency and benefit of equipment can be increased.


The aim of this research is to explore the production of textual genres written between children and teacher at the end of the nursery education. Our starting point is the existence of many intuitive or practice-derived proposals but little research on the topic in the available bibliography.
Our work is located within the general framework of the contributions of the social interaction field. The historical and cultural origins of language, social exchanges, mediation between cultural knowledge and childrens learning, the teachers role, communication and discursive genres are keywords in our work.
Through eight teachers chosen at random we investigated (1) the usual practices inside the classroom with regard to text usage and the teachers representation of the topic and (2) the possibilities in a practical session developed from a proposal of ours, from which we would like to highlight the dictation to an adult. Our objective was to contrast both aspects and observe the changes occurred when applying different proposals.
We chose a qualitative methodology, following a microanalysis supported on three elements to obtain and examine the data: a) audio and video recordings; b) transcripts of the recordings; c) a detailed search for any sign of what we were trying to find in the discourse.
Through the analysis of the results we found proof of the possibility, among others, of creating wide texts, whatever the childrens knowledge of the writing system. It was also shown how the teachers usual way of early teaching of written language can change when they have appropriate proposals and information at their disposal. Children are easily introduced to the complexity of writing on the basis of a communicative need and a project, and the tutelary role of the teacher.


Abstract : Acoustic propagation in the Arctic is intimately related to the structure of surface pack ice. In this paper, reflection loss and transmission loss are calculated based upon statistical models of ice roughness. Statistical models of ice ridges are introduced and techniques for estimating the roughness spectrum of ridged surfaces are developed. Next, a model for estimating the mean reflection loss is introduced. The reflection loss formulas are based on the statistical models for roughness. Transmission loss calculations using High-Angle parabolic equation (ARCHAPE) in a simulated Arctic environment are compared with data. The results demonstrate that rough surface scattering from random-depth ice keel structures can account for the observed rate of transmission loss in the Arctic. Keywords include: Acoustic Scattering, and Propagation loss.


The paper presents the results of a comparison of the project and refined according to the results of research for 2007–2008 morphometric indicators (area and volume) of the Kama reservoir. Based on a comparison of the design curves and and refined curves of the areas and volumes of the reservoir, as well as diagrams of changes in the total volume of taxons (plots) allocated in the hydrological and morphological zoning, we concluded that the updated data does not correspond to the theoretical ideas about the general orientation of the evolution of the reservoir morphologic parameters. Based on the sedimentation balance data of the Kama reservoir, we have shown that the concept of large-scale changes in the reservoir volume due to the sediment accumulation is untenable. To explain the significant difference between the design and updated data a hypothesis was advanced about incorrect determination of the area and volume of the Kama reservoir in the design studies, due to the low accuracy of cartometric and computational methods in the study of the extremely complex shape of the reservoir bed Similar studies on the Novosibirsk reservoir support these conclusions.


The purpose of this article is to emphasize the importance of the organizational blueprint of labor unions for welfare state outcomes. As a result of the tendency of scholars to view labor as a homogenous and disadvantaged class, the existing literature has paid little attention to this. Many scholars have simply taken labor union support for welfare state development for granted and consequently have focused only on labor union strength. This article argues, rather, that labor union support for welfare state development cannot be taken for granted. It shows that labor unions support or oppose welfare state development depending on their organizational blueprint. This new approach highlights the importance of the labor union movement's organizational structure, as opposed to its organizational strength, for welfare state outcomes. The article also explores how the organizational structure of the labor union movement shapes the stance of employer interest groups toward welfare state development. The empirical findings are based on a comparison of British and Dutch postwar old-age pension development


Hospital acquired infections remain a major costly problem. This study sought to understand how incorporating nano-barium sulfate into pellethane composites affect the physical properties and antimicrobial nature of the resulting polymers. The results of this study showed that the incorporation of nano-barium sulfate into pellethane polymers yielded polymers which had enhanced antimicrobial properties, yet had similar hydrodynamic properties compared to pellethane polymers with standard barium sulfate.


Project Robosophy Philosophy is conceptualize as set of philosophical discussions between two robots. The Robots are imitating philosophers and leading their discussion to complete meaningless or meaningful based on knowledge build by artificial intelligence. In the Robosophy Philosophy: Übermensch and Magnanimous conceptual pillars for the discussions are philosophical stand points of Aristotle and Nietzsche. We are combining chatbot technologies and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) models that will enable reinforcement learning in order to create artificial conversational agents who will achieve human level performance.


We present a set of experiments which systematically clarifies the enhancement of photoelectrochemical (PEC) etching due to the mole fraction of aluminum in AlxGa1−xAs. The spatial resolution of gratings etched in Al0.3Ga0.7As is as much as three times greater than the spatial resolution of gratings etched in GaAs, so that the smallest practical grating period is about 0.3 μm, as compared with about 0.7 μm using previous techniques. This technique enabled PEC fabrication of first order gratings for waveguide outcouplers. The lower hole mobility of AlxGa1−xAs is proposed as a possible explanation for this grating resolution improvement.


According to self-regulated learning theory, the activities of studying and using learning strategies, which reflect self-regulated learning, promote academic achievement. In contrast, a student's participation in other activities may not produce positive effects. In the present study, structural equation modeling was used to test these hypotheses in a sample of 593 full-time, 1st-year undergraduates in Hong Kong. The results indicated that studying and using elaborative learning strategy were positively related to the student's self-assessed learning. Studying was also related positively to the expected grade point average. These results provide some support for self-regulated learning theory. Relationships between other activities and self-assessed learning were negative and nonsignificant; relationships between other activities and expected GPA were mixed.


This paper analyzes the effect of government support for banks, such as recapitalizations on financial integration and firm outcomes. Using data on European syndicated lending, results show that bailout banks increase their home bias in lending by 24.6% more than non-bailout banks. In turn, discriminated foreign firms can only imperfectly substitute this fall in lending by switching banks or issuing corporate bonds. Thus, the negative loan supply effect translates into lower sales and employment growth for foreign firms. In addition, government support distorts credit allocation in the home market by shifting lending to larger, safer and less innovative firms. Moreover, I document that politicians gain influence over banks by transferring control rights to the government as part of the support scheme. These results suggest that locating bank resolution within the European Banking Union at the national level discourages international economic activity, distorts credit towards less productive firms and harms growth.


Here, in the dim interior of a temple in the Wat Po compound are a number of novices and young Bhikkhus gathered for their daily recitation of the rules of conduct which govern their lives.


The rapid growth in the range of data measures from wearable and stationary sensing devices has led to the adoption of multiple devices in health research. Such multi-device setups present challenges in sustaining patient engagement to capture continuous and high-quality datasets. One approach is to present health data to patients throughout the study but often occurs upon study completion. We report on preliminary insights from a feasibility study (IDEA-FAST) where multiple devices were used by 141 patients in their free-living environments. Interviews with a subset of patients and clinicians highlight challenges and opportunities around participation, data use and interpretation, including understanding compliance and data explainability with patients. We propose that summarising metadata from device usage could foster engagement and scale across a range of technologies regardless of the specific measures or post-processing algorithms provided by devices.


During two sampling trips in 1997, primary productivity was measured at 11 stations in Lake Roosevelt using a radioactive carbon tracer capable of determining subtle changes in water quality. Both spatial and temporal variations in productivity were observed. For the August 1997 field trip, productivities on the mainstem reservoir ranged from 485 to 1,243 mgC/m2/d, with an average value of 783 mgC/m2/d. Temporal differences between the August and October trips varied by as much as 880 mgC/m2/d. The data are compared to measurements taken over a four-year period to determine subtle, long-term changes in the water quality. Productivity at Lake Roosevelt is heavily influenced by tributary inflow, and generally increased in the reservoir reaches below the mouths of the tributaries. Mainstem sites between the tributaries had lower productivities than the upstream and downstream tributary sites, indicating that nutrients may be rapidly utilized in the immediate vicinity of the inflows. However, productivities i...


In this paper,the author analyses thirty-five kinds of teaching materials on teaching Chinese in elementary schools,which are used by higher teacher education institutions in the past twenty-five years,and reviews those representative ones.It tries to highlight the teaching material development for teaching Chinese in elementary schools as well as to explain its characteristics and trend.


By-Pass Cement Dust, as an industrial cement waste, was used to prepare some gamma-ray shielding glasses aiming to protect people and environment from hazard radiations, some phosphate glasses containing different amounts of by-pass cement dust have been prepared by the melt quenching method. The selected molecular composition was [(100-x) % P2O5 - (x) % By-Pass Cement Dust (where x=30,35,…,60)] in steps of five. The obtained experimental density and molar volume values were inspected and were then compared with those obtained empirically for the close packed structure of the corresponding compounds. These comparisons evidenced the short-range order and randomness character of the studied samples. From the IR analysis, different phosphate speeches appeared in the glass networks, as well as some silicate groups appeared in the spectra of all samples due to the presence of considerable amount of SiO2 in by-puss cement dust. Also, the present CaO act to increase Q2 and Q1 species as well as to increase the non-bridge oxygen, The tetrahedral are classified using the Qi terminology .where i represent the number of bridging oxygen's per tetrahedron It appeared also that, as by-pass cement dust was increased, the intensities of O-H and H-O-H groups decreased which indicated that CaO (the major constituent of by-pass cement dust) decreases the absorption of water and strengthening the studied samples. The suitability of such glasses to act as gamma-ray shielding materials was also examined and a correlation between the chemical composition (By-Pass Cement Dust content) and gamma-ray attenuation behavior was established.


In the economic narrative discourse of business novels,Game Existentialism in business circles is described most.In each game,what is revealed is not only the exchange of commodities and wealth but also life game full of value and ethic conflicts between economy and ethics,reason and sensibility and money and human nature.


The effects of the key independent variables on the batch foam fractionation behaviors of CPC and SDBS have been investigated,and the optimal experimental conditions for foam fractionation were established.The comparison and evaluation of foam fractionation efficiency between the small volume sample in short column and the large volume sample in long column have been discussed.All experimental conclusions are useful for industrial treatment of waste water and recycling of trace components.On the basis of the experiments,the concepts of Critical Foam Concentration(CMC) and Efficient Concentration Extent for Foam Fractionation(ECEFF) have been suggested to guide flotation of surface-active agents from aqueous solution.Foam fractionation behaviors,surface activity and ECEFF have been compared between CPC and SDBS,and the reasons from which differences resulted are discussed.


Objective:The pleiotropic effects of statins, 3-hydroxy-3 methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, have been shown to modify inflammatory cell signaling on the immune response to infection. It was postulated that statins may be a good candidate as novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of sepsis. We investigated whether ongoing statin therapy is associated with mortality in patients with bloodstream infection. Design:A retrospective cohort study. Setting:Two tertiary hospitals in Bronx, NY. Patients:Adult patients in the hospital with bloodstream infection and categorized according to statin therapy as an outpatient or inpatient before bacteremia. Interventions:None. Measurement and Main Results:Of 2,139 bacteremic hospitalized patients, 592 (28%) received statins before blood cultures and 677 (32%) died within 90 days. On multivariate adjustment, the association between statin therapy and 90-day all-cause mortality was statistically significant (hazard ratio, 0.78; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65–0.94), but statin users and nonusers differed significantly on many baseline clinical factors. Using the propensity score matched analysis to balance the differences between groups, the association was no longer significant (hazard ratio 0.99; 95% CI 0.77–1.25). Multivariate analysis after stratifying by decile in propensity score for statin use demonstrated similar results (hazard ratio 0.86; 95% CI 0.70–1.06). Statin use was not associated with reduced intensive care unit admission (odds ratio [OR], 0.86; 95% CI 0.59–1.26), hospital length of stay (&bgr; = –0.8 days; 95% CI –2.2 to 1.7 days), intensive care unit length of stay (&bgr; = –0.1 days; 95% CI –3.7 to 3.8 days), or need for mechanical or noninvasive ventilation (OR 1.03; 95% CI 0.70–1.51). Conclusion:After adjusting for the propensity to receive statin therapy, no statistically significant association between statin therapy before bloodstream infection and survival was identified. (Crit Care Med 2012; 40:–1071)


The damping theory, which includes the decay of quantum states, is developed in terms of the projection operators. The concept of probability that a transition from a given initial state will be towards a specified final state is introduced, and the probability is calculated by using the damping theory. When the decay of the final state is neglected, this probability reduces to the conditional probability, introduced by Heitler, that the system will be found in a specified final state after transition from the given initial state has definitely taken place, With this new probability concept, an approximate expression is obtained for the transition probability per unit time from the initial to the final state. This expression is the starting point of the present line shape theory, which is applicable to both neutron and photon spectra. In this work, only the scattering of slow neutrons by an anharmonic crystal is considered. However, the differential scattering cross section formula is obtained first for an arbitrary macroscopic medium, and then applied to a crystal. The cross section formula in the harmonic approximation follows from the present cross section formula when the width and shift of lines are neglected. The novel feature of thismore » derivation is that it does not use Bloch's theorem. Explicit formulas for the width and the shift of the observed peaks in the energy spectrum of the elastically scattered slow neutrons by crystals are obtained, and compared in the case of a single-phonon event to those by Maradudin and Fein. It is found that the the shift formulas agree exactly at all temperatures, whereas the width formulas agree only in the zero temperature limit. The discrepancy in the width formulas at finite temperatures is discussed in terms of the concept of phonon lifetime. The application of the present line shape theory to the interpretation of the optical experiments is also discussed. (auth)« less


In order to improve the efficiency of the inversion of CSAMT sounding data,this paper suggests that parallel computation should be introduced into the 1-D iterative inversion of CSAMT sounding data for pseudo-2D inversion interpretation.Based on multiprocessor and multi-core workstation and using the programming technology of multithread and multi-process,the authors formed the parallel algorithm and the final program.The parallel algorithm was adopted for inversion interpretation of measured data,and the result shows that the pseudo-2D inversion using parallel algorithm can greatly improve the efficiency of the inversion of CSAMT sounding data.


This research aims to provide a mechanism which can enhance student experience and confidence at Middle East College. The research is to find out the reason why students lack in experience and confidence in choosing Web Application Development module at Middle East College. By using a learning environment (blended learning), which can be suitable to increase both the experience and confidence level of the students.


Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of trough serum infliximab concentrations has been mainly used in case of loss of response in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a multidisciplinary early proactive TDM (mep‐TDM) programme for dose adjustment.


Most of the recent long-term care (LTC) policy initiatives use need for assistance with activities of daily living (ADLs) as the primary eligibility criterion for publicly-funded community-based LTC (CBLTC) services. This study investigates the potential impact of ADL eligibility criteria on 248 functionally impaired and low income adults who received CBLTC services through a pilot care management program. Our findings suggest that LTC policies basing service eligibility on having two or more ADL limitations may result in serious gaps in services for people who have fewer functional limitations but who live alone and need assistance to remain safely in their homes.


Although the etiology of alopecia areata is still unknown, evidence has accumulated to support an autoimmune pathogenesis for this disease. To evaluate the role of T cells in alopecia areata the T‐cell receptor VB‐repertoire was investigated in lesional skin and blood of 5 patients by means of a semiquantitative technique based on the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Three patients with androgenetic alopecia served as controls. Amplification products were screened for clonality by temperature gradient gel electrophoresis. Four of 5 patients with alopecia areata exhibited a lesional T‐cell receptor‐repertoire characterized by an almost exclusive utilization of variable regions beta2, 4, and 13. Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis revealed the oligoclonal constitution of the infiltrate. The restricted nature of the lesional T‐lymphocytic infiltrate in alopecia areata strongly suggests that an antigen‐specific T‐cell response plays an important role in the pathogenesis of this disease.


In order to solve the design problem of data acquisition for vehicle AMT,designed the data acquisition instrument for vehicle AMT based on LabVIEW.Introduced the makeup module and the design process of data acquisition instrument for vehicle AMT based on LabVIEW in detail.By practice,the strong graphical interfaces function makes the developed system franker and friendlier,the operation easier and the graphical program language greatly promotes the efficiency of the making program.


Patient: Female, 47 Final Diagnosis: Pyridostygmine overdose Symptoms: Bronchorrhea • sweating • vomiting Medication: Pyridostigmine Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Toxicology Objective: Adverse events of drug therapy Background: Pyridostigmine is a quaternary amine parasympathomymetic which inhibits acetylcholinesterase for the treatment of various conditions such as myasthenia gravis. Previously, no cases of pyridostigmine toxicity in human beings have been reported except the cases reported among the troops of Persian Gulf War. Case Report: A 47-year-old female intentionally ingested a high dose of pyridostigmine (Mestinon) and developed its toxic symptoms within 1 hour of ingestion. She was treated with injections of atropine and pralidoxime. The patient made an excellent recovery and responded to the classical treatment using atropine and pralidoxime. She was discharged on the second day of admission. Conclusions: The authors demonstrated that pyridostigmine poisoning is self-limiting and well tolerated by young adults; however, unwanted effects of pyridostigmine on the heart has still to be considered which may become profound to the point of generating heart failure, syncope, or stress particularly in elderly patients. As the literature on human toxicity with pyridostigmine is scarce, not much data is available on its toxicity. However, prompt and specific management of pyridostigmine toxicity promises safety.


The paper contains an analysis of those legal regulations of the People's Poland which were specific to the Recovered Territories and an attempt to answer the question of why such regulations were created. The following sources of law are discussed: legal acts devoted entirely to the Recovered Territories; legal acts applied to the entire territory of Poland in which some provisions were devoted exclusively to regulating the situation in these areas; legal acts that formally applied to the entire territory of Poland, but in the Recovered Territories their regulations were of particular importance. The internal regulations of the Ministry of the Recovered Territories were also examined.


This paper provides an overview of current and future civilian hyperspectral spaceborne systems for terrestrial applications. For this purpose, a brief history of hyperspectral mission initiatives is given together with the spectral and spatial characteristic of current systems in orbit today. Future sensor systems are divided into missions, which are under development and in a planning stage. The latter category provides a good cross section of sensor systems to come, but is probably not a complete list of hyperspectral instruments considered by the various space agencies.


The current study aimed to identify the degree to which the principals of the Ramtha district schools in Jordan practice spiritual leadership, and its relationship to the level of teachers' mental health during the Corona pandemic from the teachers' point of view.The study sample consisted of (410) male and female teachers, the questionnaire was used as a tool for the study.
Where the results showed that the practice of the principals of the Ramtha district schools for spiritual leadership and mental health came to a high degree. Years of experience variable, and the results related to mental health showed that there were differences attributed to each of the variables of gender, educational qualification, and years of experience,teachers, and The researchers recommended intensifying training courses to educate managers about the concept of spiritual leadership, and the importance of applying it in administrative practices, by making it a behavior.


In this article, I propose an affect approach to learning events concerning relations between children, popular media, and digital technology. Affect conceives learning as an aesthetic event in which particles of the world pass into bodies and transform their capacities to feel, perceive, and think. A conceptual discussion on affect and affective pedagogy is developed. This discussion is extended through an ethnographic narrative connected to a small study constructed from a layered perspective as mother/scholar/art educator and centered on the creative activity of a 10-year-old girl with digital technology and a passionate attachment to manga and anime. Implications from this study are drawn for an affective pedagogy that orients toward learning's immanence and recognizes the emergent ways in which bodies, things, and forces enter into composition, augmenting or depressing the potentials in pedagogical events.


Senescence is a major factor to increase mitochondrial oxidant stress, which contributes to the pathogenesis of heart disease. However, the effect of antioxidant therapy on cardiac mitochondria in aged-cardiac performance remains elusive. We postulated that mitochondrial targeting of superoxide scavenging would have benefit in the aged heart. Increased levels of superoxide and NADPH oxidase activity were appeared in cardiac myocytes isolated from old mice (52W) compared to those from young mice (8W) (Superoxide: 2.6±0.4 vs. 1.2±0.2 nmol/mg protein; NADPH oxidase activity: 2654±282 vs. 1124±156 RLU, P<0.01, n=12, respectively). In old mice treated with the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoTEMPO (180 μg/kg/day, 28 days) coinfusion using subcutaneously implanted minipump, levels of superoxide and NADPH oxidase activity markedly decreased (0.2±0.2 nmol/mg protein and 342±45 RLU, respectively, P<0.01) and eliminated fluorescence intensity of MitoSox Red in cardiomyocytes (from 11.2±2.1 to 0.4±1.1 arbitrary unit, P<0.01). Treatment with MitoTEMPO in old mice improved left ventricle ejection fraction (from 48±5% to 62±5%, P<0.01) and diastolic dysfunction assessed by echocardiography. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation in isolated coronary arterioles was impaired in old mice compared to that in young mice, which was improved by MitoTEMPO treatment (Figure). Mitochondria from the old mouse myocardium exhibited lower rate in complex I (-38±5%) and complex II (-34±6%) -dependent respiration compared with young mice. Supplementation of MitoTEMPO in old mice improved the respiration rates in mitochondria to the level similar to those in young mice. Resolution of mitochondrial oxidant stress by MitoTEMPO in old mice restored cardiac function and coronary vasodilative capacity to the same magnitude observed in young mice. Therefore, antioxidant strategy targeting mitochondria could have therapeutic benefit in heart diseases with senescence.

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Objective Toinvestigate the effects of caveolion-1 gene on growth and apoptosis in Hs578T's doxorubicin-resistant (Hs578T/Dox) breast cancer. Methods The plasmid pCI-neo-cav-1 was introduced into Hs578T/Dox by lipofectin,and then selected single clone cells highly expressing Caveolin-1 level. Transfectants overexpression of Caveolin-1 was checked by Western blot. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analysis by flow cytometry. Cells proliferation were analysis by the soft agar clonogenic assay. Result The cell line overexpressed Caveolin-1 was established successfully. Transfected cells decreased markedly in G0/G1 phase (P0 .01) and increased significantly in S and (M+G2) phases (P0.01), compared with parent Hs578T/Dox cells. overexpression of caveolin-1 enhance colony formation Conclusion Caveolin-1 suppresses apoptosis and promotes growth and proliferation in Hs578T/Dox cells.Caveolin-1 also .


【This study investigated the high temperature oxidation behavior of Ni-22.4%Fe-22%Cr-6%Al (wt.%) porous metal. Two types of open porous metals with different pore sizes of 30 PPI and 40 PPI (pore per inch) were used. A 24-hour TGA test was conducted at three different temperatures of $900^{\circ}C$ , $1000^{\circ}C$ and $1100^{\circ}C$ . The results of the BET analysis revealed that the specific surface area increased as the pore size decreased from 30 PPI to 40 PPI. The oxidation resistance of porous metal decreased with decreasing pore size. As the temperature increased, the oxidation weight gain of the porous metal also increased. Porous metals mainly created oxides such as $Al_2O_3$ , $Cr_2O_3$ , $NiAl_2O_4$ , and $NiCr_2O_4$ . In the 40 PPI porous metal with small pore size and larger specific surface area, the depletion of stabilizing elements such as Al and Cr occurred more quickly during oxidation compared to the 30 PPI porous metal. Ni-Fe-Cr-Al porous metal's high-temperature oxidation micro-mechanism was also discussed.】


A mathematical model was developed to describe nitrogen transport in duckweed-covered static ponds for nutrient recovery from swine lagoon water. A finite difference technique was used to solve the partial differential equations describing the ammonia transport and concentration in the pond. The key parameters in the model include the diffusion coefficient of ammonium in the medium (D) and kinetic constant of nitrogen uptake by duckweed (k). Using one order of magnitude parameter variations, the simulations showed that the model was clearly much more sensitive to D than to k, indicating the process of nitrogen removal in a static pond by duckweed is diffusion limited. Laboratory testing was conducted with Spirodela punctata 7776, a duckweed strain, to calibrate the model. The calibration of the model with experimental data yielded a new ammonium transport coefficient (T) that is 85 times of D value. Model results showed good agreement with depth-wise experimental ammonium concentration and the model also ...


Learning that challenges students to communicate their ideas will make students try to solve the problems they experience in learning mathematics, but the ability of students to communicate and solve problems is very dependent on their awareness of what they know and how to do this. This is related to their metacognitive awareness. Metacognition is the awareness of our thinking so that we can perform specific tasks, and then use this awareness to control what we do. This research was carried out with the aim of: 1) knowing the achievement of students' mathematical communication skills after using the metacognitive approach compared to those using conventional learning, 2) knowing the increase in mathematical communication skills of students who received learning with a metacognition approach and those who received conventional learning, 3) knowing the response students towards learning by using metacognitive learning. Data were collected from students' mathematical communication skills tests in the form of essay questions and student questionnaires. Questionnaires were given to all experimental class students with the aim of knowing students' responses to mathematics learning using metacognition learning. This research is a quasi-experimental study with an experimental class design, namely Pretest-Treatment-Postest, while the control class is Pretest-Postest. From the results of data analysis with a significant level of = 0.05, it shows that the achievement of mathematical communication skills of students who get learning with a metacognitive approach is better than conventional learning. The improvement of mathematical communication skills of students who received mathematics learning with a metacognitive approach was better than the mathematical communication skills of students who received conventional learning. The improvement in mathematical communication skills of students who received mathematics learning with cooperative learning of the TGT type was in the medium category, while students who received conventional learning had an increase in the low category. Based on the results of the analysis of student responses to metacognition learning, it shows that students have a positive attitude towards learning mathematics with a metacognitive approach.


In 1998 Portugal held its first two national referendums since its democratic transition began in 1974. In theory, the referendums on liberalizing access to abortion and instituting a new regional level of governance represented a new opportunity for civil society groups to make their voices heard on important issues of the day, thereby revitalizing the quality of the country's democracy. Instead, most Portuguese voters stayed at home and the status quo was maintained. Our paper, based on interviews with over forty national, regional and local-level political elites during 1998, offers a general overview of the institutional and political context of both referendums, of the campaigns and the results, and it seeks to explain the role of social structural factors, political parties, and pressure groups in both abstention and voting choices in the referendums. These findings are then used as a springboard for some tentative conclusions about the future of direct democracy in Portugal.


Abstract : Rivers have played an important role in America's development from its very beginning. They have been instrumental both in the country's economic expansion and as a component of national defense. This latter function, however, has often been overlooked or underestimated. By highlighting the significance of the river during World War II and specifically, examining the middle Mississippi River to include the port of St. Louis, will provide historical data which will perhaps remedy the oversight. The data herein is not intended as a comprehensive analysis, but rather an attempt to place the rivers and the barge industry which utilize them into historical perspective. Hopefully this will spur investigations by other interested parties not only into the part rivers played in the past, but into their essential needs to America's future defense plans.


The aim: oral lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the oral mucous membrane. It can present in various clinical forms: reticular, papular, plaque-like, atrophic, erosive and bullous. Though the exact etiology is not certain - autoimmunity, trauma, stress, and habits are considered as etiological factors. Oral lichen planus has been classified as a premalignant lesion. The present study aims to describe the prevalence of oral lichen planus in a sample of north Indian population.
Materials and methods: the present study was conducted in the outpatient department of Dentistry, GMC Badaun. The parameters recorded were age, gender and site affected. The data was collected and analysed.
Results: a total of 6263 patients reported to the outpatient department of dentistry out of which 43 patients were diagnosed with oral lichen planus. The overall prevalence of oral lichen planus was found to be 0.69 %. The mean age of disease presentation was 37.5 years. A higher prevalence of oral lichen planus was reported in females compared to males with a ratio of 1:1.15. Most affected site was found to be buccal mucosa bilaterally (58.14 %).
Conclusion: the present study estimated the overall prevalence of oral lichen planus as well as its distribution according to age, gender and site in north Indian population. This could contribute to the precise assessment of the disease for better policy making for better treatment and management of oral lichen planus.


The development of a highly sensitive asymmetric planar waveguide optical sensor based on a mathematical model using leaky quasi-modes in an endeavor to measure slight changes of aqueous sucrose concentration is presented in this paper. The planar waveguide sensor has been fabricated using Silicon Oxynitride (SiON) based material with standard fabrication process such as Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (PECVD) and Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) techniques. The propagation constant of fundamental modes for TE mode of the waveguide geometry have been estimated using Simple Effective Index Method (SEIM) based on sinusoidal modes. The technique is based on Evanescent Wave Sensing (EWS) scheme, inducing an effective refractive index change. The merits of this sensor are simplicity, highly sensitivity, screening the potential that it can be used for online monitoring of blood glucose levels in the near future. The sensitivity of the waveguide is ~10 times more than that of the previously reported work on planar waveguide sensors and the results obtained experimentally matches well with the obtained theoretical result.


The Phase Division Multiplexing (PDM) technique developed for more efficient use of communication resources has recently gain popularity in wireless communication systems. The PDM technique contributes to parallel communication with the multi-channel structure it supports. Unlike the FDM and TDM techniques, which are frequently used in wireless communication, the PDM has two and four channel structures and multiplexes the phase of the signal. It is thought that the performance analyses of the proposed 2 and 4-channel structures will give the researchers an idea of which aspects are superior and where they can be used. In this study, phase division multiplexing structures are analysed and comparative performance analysis are performed and the results are shared. When PDM structures are analysed, it is seen that 2-channel PDM-BPSK, 2-channel PDM-QPSK and 4-channel PDM-BPSK structures have been developed. In order to compare these structures with each other, graphical user interface has been designed by using MATLAB program and constellation diagrams of each structure have been obtained. Simulation studies of these three structures have been performed by using MATLAB / Simulink program. Simulations have been run with the same system parameters and Bit Error Rate (BER) curves have been obtained. Tolerance ranges have been compared over constellation diagrams and bit error rate curves obtained by simulations have been shared. As a result of the comparing performed in this study; the 2-channel PDM-BPSK structure is the simplest and least energy required structure. The 4-channel PDM-BPSK structure is advantageous with the number of channels it provides, but it needs the most energy. The 2-channel PDM-QPSK stands out with its symbol / bit rate. It also requires an energy value in the energy range of the other two techniques.


This article starts from Samuel P. Huntington's claim that since the Cold War ended in the 1990's, the world has been fragmenting in divergent fractions, based on religious and cultural differences. The article also analyzes the divergence between global educational ideologies. Finally, Huntington's forecast that the world will be taken by growing shocks among civilizations is discussed. In order to perform this task, the article explores the topics of global languages and religious and cultural differences.


SRAP is a new type of molecular marker technique developed in recent years with which abbrevi- ated form of a name of sequence-related amplified polymorphism. SRAP has the advantages of easy to oper- ate, low cost, high codominant and high repeatability. The main task of SRAP is to amplify the coding region of gene, and analyze the functional sequence of the gene directionally. It was widely used in genetic analysis, the construction of molecular genetic map, gene mapping and genetic clone because of its unique primer de- sign on genomics. Based on the characteristics of SRAP and its applications in plant genomics, we intro- ducted the principles of SRAP briefly in this paper.


The effect of 0.11 M sodium bicarbonate on trichothecene mycotoxin formation was determined by analyzing cultures of Fusarium tricinctum NRRL 13426 incubated in peptone- and saccharose-supplemented Czapek-Dox broth in the presence and absence of the base. Sodium bicarbonate-treated cultures exhibited a 7-51-fold decrease in the production of diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) and T-2 toxin. The production of 15-acetoxyscirpenol, acetyl T-2 toxin, and neosolaniol was completely inhibited by the sodium bicarbonate. The analysis method (which could also detect 3-acetyl-DAS, deoxynivalenol, HT-2 toxin, scirpentriol, T-2 tetrol, T-2 tetraacetate, and T-2 triol) employed cold on-column capillary gas chromatography/isobutane chemical ionization ion trap mass spectrometry of the underivatized mycotoxins.


It introduces the fine performances of ultra-static-sound discharge pipe materials and some items need to be noticed during the use of them, discusses,clarifies and promotes the key points of polypropylene ultra-static-sound discharge pipes' construction technologies,so as to promote the development of architectural construction technologies for polypropylene ultras-static-sound discharge pipes.


The financial crises of 2008 and afterwards the European debt crisis made it clearer that the financial and macroeconomic conditions can change quickly. For that reason ensuring asset quality and profitability in response to the changing environment remains an important concern. This study considers the key problems in asset structure management and discusses several techniques outlined by managers and academicians to tackle these problems. The important problems of banks are the need to dynamically boost asset and liability structure, to make sure profitability of operations and to curtail risks. This can be done by jointly structuring asset and liability portfolios, using the gap technique for management of interest rate risk and increasing the range of profitable business operations. However these techniques should be coupled with efficient and sophisticated analysis of financial and economic indicators.


Nine Sections dealing with:

Learning outcomes
Core modules
Learning strategies
Portfolio development
Capability units
Supporting evidence
Personal statement/reflection on experience
Content and structure of assessment


The climate changes of temperature, precipitation and disaster index in Guizhou is analyzed, the results show that about 1940's, it is a warm period in Guizhou (which is an obvious warm period in Northern Hemisphere mainland), from 1960's to 1970's, a cold period, but the trend variety line shows that there is cooling trend in Guizhou (contrary to the warming trend in world), this mainly present that the cooling trend is obvious in spring and summer, but a little warming trend in autumn and winter The precipitation in Guizhou is tend to decrease, which mainly lessens distinctly in spring, changes little in summer and autumn, but increases in winter As to the disaster indexes, the coldness of the late spring and summer flood are more serious than ever, the autumn consecutiverain as well as winter lowtemperature and icerain are more alleviative, the spring drought, summer drought and autumn wind vary little, but spring drought has a characteristic of obvious periodic variety The analysis of small wave about dryflood index points out that the variety of dryflood index in Guizhou has two obvious periods, which respectively are 32 years and 10 years


This review paper presents the principal advances in the development of composite antifriction coatings based on polytetrafluoroethylene fibers. Information is given about their chemical composition, their properties, and the effect of the service conditions on their tribotechnical characteristics. The paper discusses the appropriate fields of use and the most frequently encountered designs of friction units incorporating such coatings.


The COVID-19 pandemic has taken a heavy toll on children, especially in terms of their mental health. For example, they are more likely to experience family violence, showing the known deleterious effect of stress on loving relationships. Parents and carers have been stressed by the pandemic, while also being responsible for the care, love and support of their children in a time of great uncertainty. Brisbane writer and journalist Trent Dalton, author of the compelling novel Boy Swallows Universe, sought to counter his own COVID-induced discombobulation by walking the streets of Brisbane for 2 months, asking passers-by to tell him their personal love stories. Then, for 2 weeks, he sat on a busy street corner in Central Brisbane at a collapsible table, with two second-hand chairs, a sign that read: 'Sentimental writer collecting love stories. Do you have one to share?', and typed up the stories on a blue Olivetti typewriter bequeathed to him by the son of a friend who had died recently. The result is his book Love Stories, a compelling collection of stories that vary from the mundane to the maudlin to the mesmerising, interspersed with Dalton's reflections on love and life. The first person he sent the book to, his wife Fiona Franzmann, commented: 'Love is not for understanding'. Maybe not, but Dalton sheds some light on parental love, including the poignant aphorism, 'I'll only ever be as happy as my unhappiest child'. The COVID-19 pandemic, with its emphasis on 'social distancing', has interfered with our normal relationships. We have been advised by public health experts not to hug each other. Even hugs with one's own children have suffered from concerns about transmitting the virus. Children have not been able to hug their school friends. Dalton discusses hugs, introducing us to the concept of the standard duration for a hug being 3 s. He bases this on research by Emre Nagy, a Scottish psychologist who analysed the duration of athletes' hugs at the 2008 Beijing Olympics (1.8 s between opponents, 3.8 with coaches, average 3.2 s). Until now, I had thought the 3-s rule referred to how long food could remain on the floor before being eaten, but Internet research tells me that it more usually refers to basketball (time allowed in the foul lane) or driving cars (safe time gap between cars). The research findings on athletes' hugs seem to lack relevance to normal human relationships. When John Bowlby developed his 'attachment theory', he suggested that children evolved to be born biologically preprogrammed to form attachments with others, helping them survive (Fig. 1). In support of attachment theory, we know that kangaroo care, whose main component is skin-to-skin contact between mother and infant, not only reduces hypothermia and sepsis in low-birthweight infants in resource-poor countries, but saves lives, reducing mortality by a third. We know that stressed adults are more susceptible to catching respiratory virus infections, work carried out at the Common Cold Unit in Salisbury, UK by virologist David Tyrrell, who in 1960 had been the first to describe coronaviruses. In adults, hugging reduces stress and protects against infection with respiratory viruses (influenza A and rhinoviruses). It is indeed ironic that we are not allowed to hug because of the risk of catching COVID-19, but hugging can protect us against respiratory virus infection. Of course, we must not forget the catastrophic world-wide economic secondary effects of COVID-19, leading to increased poverty, and hence poorer living conditions and starvation, especially in resource-poor countries, and affecting children most of all. Opportunities for showing love will inevitably be displaced by desperation in seeking food and shelter. We all have some healing to do, even while the pandemic continues to evolve, children perhaps most of all. Many parents continue to express great concern that they have been unable to prevent the adverse effects of the pandemic on their children. Let us hope that Canadian-based philosopher Matshona Dhliwayo is correct when he writes: 'Time heals some wounds, but love heals them all'. The risk of catching COVID-19 from a hug is greatly reduced by COVID vaccination. Hugging our children and our friends again is one way of showing them how much we love them in the time of COVID.


OBJECTIVE:To establish a GC method for determination of the content of Cineole in sedative sachet.METHODS:The content of Cineole in sedative sachet was determined by GC with SE-30 as stationary phase at a coating concentration of 10%,a column temperature of 100℃,and a detector temperature of 260℃.RESULTS:The linear range of Cineole was 0.030 25 ~1.936 mg·mL-1 with an average recovery rate of 99.73%(RSD =0.53%,n =6).CONCLUSION:The method is simple,rapid and accurate and can be used for quality control of sedative sachet.


Maureen Abbott Are Deer Mice the Reservoir of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus? Despite extensive research efforts to clarify the transmission cycle of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), the causative agent of an important arboviral disease of livestock in the western United States, several aspects remain unclear, including the involvement of insects in virus transmission. Experimental infections of natural livestock hosts with the New Jersey serotype (VSV-NJ) have failed to produce sustainable viremia. In studies with deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus), juvenile deer mice developed viremia following intranasal and intradermal VSV-NJ inoculation. However, it was not determined if the level of viremia was sufficient to infect insects. The objectives of this project are to determine if viremia is present in juvenile deer mice after being fed upon by black flies infected with VSV-NJ, and to determine if black flies can be infected with VSV-NJ by 2004 CURO Symposium Abstracts feeding on viremic deer mice. Laboratory-reared female black flies (Simulium vittatum) were infected with VSV-NJ by intrathoracic inoculation and allowed to feed on susceptible juvenile deer mice. On post-infection day 3, blood samples were collected from each mouse and tested for presence of VSV-NJ by cell culture inoculation. Additionally, noninfected black flies were fed on mice at the same time period. Viremia had not been detected in any of the mice as of day 6. As of day 7, 4 of 15 mice developed severe posterior paralysis, indicating transmission of VSV-NJ through fly bite. Transmission in the remaining mice will be confirmed by virus isolation from brain samples and serum neutralization assay. Back to Authors Back to Titles Kaveh Aghaie Zoroastrian Influences on Abrahamic Religions When people from varying geographic regions interact with one another, certain characteristics cross borders. These characteristics can come in the form of different ideas based on religious beliefs. As these beliefs cross borders, they may be more directly based on cultural characteristics instead of religious principles. One may not realize that a belief that they thought originated with their religion actually originated with another. Within the Abrahamic religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam there are specific there are specific religious principles that are viewed to have originated from within, when actually they originated elsewhere. The followers of the Abrahamic religions have come into contact with people from various faiths. Through extensive research I was able to conclude that one of the most influential contacts was with the Zoroastrians of ancient Iran. The first thing that will be presented is a basic history of the Zoroastrian faith, followed by its influences on the Abrahamic religions. In determining how Zoroastrianism influenced Judaism, Christianity, and Islam I compared the Zoroastrian religious texts with the other religion's texts, drawing specific examples in which Zoroastrian influence is most evident. The sources of my research not only include specific quotes from the Torah, Bible, and Quran, but also from field research in an Atlanta Zoroastrian community, books about ancient Persian history, and travel to Iran. Back to Authors Back to Titles Cara M. Altimus MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF THE BIOLOGICAL CLOCK IN NEUROSPORA CRASSA. Dr. Jonathan Arnold, Dr. H. Bernt Schuttler Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 A biological clock is a recurring set of reactions within a system that produces an oscillating pattern. Unlike a traditional "clock," a biological clock can run continuously so long as all reaction components are present. Reaction rates are the main variants. Genetic networks are used to understand the relationships between genes, RNA, and proteins. These models show which genes are active, how they become active, what their products do, and their relationships with other genes and their products in the circuit. Then an ensemble of genetic networks for the biological clock was identified, fitting available RNA and protein profiling data. The fitted ensemble was used to identify essential features of the genetic network needed to sustain oscillations. Two features that appear necessary for oscillations are: (1) cooperativity in the action of two clock components, the White Collar (WCC) protein and Frequency (FRQ), and (2) a closed feedback loop in clock components. Along side the ensemble experiments, local stability analysis was done to examine equilibrium properties of the genetic network. Oscillations will only occur if the system does not have a stable fix point. Analytical conditions for instability are derived, permitting 2004 CURO Symposium Abstracts oscillations. In short, the clock needs several interacting proteins, a negative feedback loop, some cooperativity and the absence of a stable fix point to which the system would otherwise equilibrate. Back to Authors Back to Titles Prashant Amin Identification and partial characterization of insertional mutants in a family of putative glycosyltransferases that may be involved in plant pectin biosynthesis. Xiaogang Gu and Michael G. Hahn; University of Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Research Center and Department of Plant Biology. All plant cells are surrounded by a cell wall that not only provides form and structure to the plant, but is also the interface where plant cells interact with each other. The cell wall is predominantly made up of polysaccharides. Significant advances have been made in our knowledge of the structures of many polysaccharides, but little is known about their function and biosynthesis. We are studying the biosynthesis of pectins, a group of polysaccharides that form one of the macromolecular networks within plant cell walls. We have identified a small gene family thought to encode a group of glycosyltransferases involved in pectin biosynthesis. We are trying to determine the function of the genes in this family by isolating and characterizing plants carrying insertional mutations in these genes. Arabidopsis thaliana seeds with T-DNA inserts within the genes of this glycosyltransferase family were obtained from the Salk Institute. Seeds from the Salk Institute were planted and allowed to grow into mature plants and set seed. Healthy leaves were harvested from individual plants. DNA was extracted from the leaves using rapid DNA extraction techniques. PCR was then used to amplify the part of genes thought to contain the insert. Finally, gel electrophoresis was used to identify the insertional mutants. So far, we have identified Arabidopsis plants that are homozygous for mutations in two of the genes in the gene family. Seed from these plants are being grown to obtain sufficient tissue to analyze their cell walls for compositional changes resulting from the mutations. Back to Authors Back to Titles Chantelle Anfuso and Disha Chhabra Generating Expressed Sequence Tags from Sorghum bicolor Dr. Lee H. Pratt and Ms. Shana Seamans Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) sequencing is a process that allows expressed genes in particular tissues or cell types to be identified through the utilization of complementary DNA (cDNA) libraries. These cDNA libraries are compiled through the reverse transcription of mRNA in an organism's cells. For this project, the organism is Sorghum bicolor, or sorghum, a plant similar to maize. Unlike maize, however, sorghum is capable of withstanding many harsh conditions such as drought, surplus hydration, surplus salinity, and a variety of chemical compositions in its soil. The purpose of this project is to use EST sequencing to identify sorghum's expressed genes. This process begins by inserting cDNA into a plasmid vector of known sequence. The plasmids, all containing different cDNA sequences, are inserted into separate Escherichia coli cells, which are then allowed to multiply. The plasmids were then isolated from the bacterial cells and purified in a three-day process after which each unidentified cDNA sequence was sequenced from both the 3' and 5' ends and analyzed for quality. The sequences will be inserted into a computer database to be compared with other EST data in order to separate highly expressed genes, which are transcribed frequently, from genes that are unique to a particular environmental stress. The discovery of the genes in sorghum used for resistance to environmental stress will contribute not only to the understanding of sorghum's endurance, but will hopefully lead to methods of improving crop plants, which may prove less durable. Back to Authors Back to Titles 2004 CURO Symposium Abstracts Tony Anfuso, Matthew Gray Developing a Fast Plant Expression System to Identify Biosynthetic Genes Involved in Pectin Synthesis Dr. Maor Bar-Peled Pectin, the most structurally complex wall polysaccharide, is involved in many plant cellular processes such as cell-cell adhesion, cell-cell recognition, and pathogen recognition. Recent studies provide evidence that pectin may have important health benefits, most notably in the treatment of cancer. In one study, citrus pectin was found to inhibit tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis in mice injected with human breast carcinoma cells. In order to build upon the initial findings, greater understanding of this complicated polysaccharide is essential. While there has been much progress in determining the structure of pectin in recent years, its synthesis remains poorly understood. A crucial step in pectin synthesis is the synthesis of 16 distinct nucleotide-sugars. These activated sugars serve as the immediate substrates for the enzymes that construct pectin. This project's purpose is to design an expression system to identify biosynthetic genes involved in nucleotide-sugar synthesis. Expression of the putative biosynthetic genes in E. coli has been a successful and fast system with previous genes, but has been unsuccessful with the putative UDP-apiose synthase


This paper discusses how field and laboratory experiments, using a variety of genetic material, can be combined to investigate the genetic basis of germination under realistic ecological conditions, and it reviews some of our recent work on germination phenology of Arabidopsis thaliana in the field. Our results indicate that the genetic basis of germination depends on the environment. In particular, the conditions during seed maturation interact with post-dispersal environmental factors to determine germination phenology, and these interactions have a genetic basis. Therefore genetic studies of germination need to consider carefully the environment – both during seed maturation and after dispersal – in which the experiments are conducted in order to characterize genetic pathways involved with germination in the field. Laboratory studies that explicitly manipulate ecologically relevant environmental factors can be combined with manipulative field studies. These studies can identify the particular environmental cues to which seeds respond in the field and characterize the genetic basis of germination responses to those cues. In addition, a variety of genetic material – including mutant and transgenic lines, intact natural genotypes, recombinant genotypes, and near isogenic lines – can be used in field studies as tools to characterize genetic pathways involved in germination schedules under natural ecological conditions.


In 1986, Pope John Paul II promulgated his encyclical Dominum et Vivificantem. The seeds of this teaching can be traced back to his reflections on the role of the divine Pneuma in the Church occasioned by various pastoral activities as Archbishop of Cracow. The aim of the essay is to trace Wojtyla's early pneumatological reflections, which were also developed against the background of a social setting openly hostile the main tenets of Christian faith.


Objectives:To investigate the effects of cholecystokinin octapeptide on thermoregulation, postresuscitation myocardial function, neurologic outcome, and duration of survival in a rat model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Design:Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled experimental study. Setting:University-affiliated animal research laboratory. Subjects:Ten male Sprague-Dawley rats. Interventions:Ventricular fibrillation was induced and untreated for 6 mins. Defibrillation was attempted after 8 mins of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Animal temperature was adjusted to 37.0°C with the aid of a heating lamp. At 30 mins after resuscitation, animals were randomized to receive an intravenous injection of either cholecystokinin octapeptide (200 &mgr;g/kg in 0.3 mL saline) or vehicle placebo (0.3 mL saline). The ambient temperature settings and that of the distance of the heating lamp from the animal remained the same in both groups throughout the entire experiment. Measurements and Main Results:Body temperature, hemodynamic measurements, and postresuscitation myocardial function, including cardiac output, left ventricular ejection fraction, and myocardial performance index, were measured together with neurologic deficit scores and duration of survival. Results:After injection of cholecystokinin octapeptide, blood temperature decreased progressively from 37.0°C to 34.8°C 5 hrs after resuscitation and returned to 37.0°C at 9 hrs after injection. In the control group, blood temperature was sustained at 37.0°C ± 0.2°C during the same period of observation. Myocardial and neurologic function and duration of survival were significantly better in the cholecystokinin octapeptide-treated animals when compared to the control group. Conclusions:In a rat model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, cholecystokinin octapeptide induced mild hypothermia, attenuated postresuscitation myocardial dysfunction, and improved neurologic outcome and duration of survival.


Purified DT-diaphorase can be assayed as either dicumarol-inhibitable NAD(P)H:menadione oxidoreductase or dicumarol-inhibitable NAD(P)H:dichlorophenolindophenol reductase. Both of these methods have been utilized to assay DT-diaphorase activity in tissue and cell homogenates. When DT-diaphorase activity was measured as dicumarol-inhibitable NADPH:dichlorophenolindophenol reductase in sonicates of two cell lines previously shown to not have any measurable activity of this enzyme, no enzymatic activity was detected. However, when the water-soluble bisulfite addition product of menadione was used as the electron acceptor, an artifactual activity for DT-diaphorase was detected in these cell lines. When another cell line was assayed utilizing menadione bisulfite, an apparent activity of about three times that found with dichlorophenolindophenol was measured, and thus, may overestimate DT-diaphorase activity in cells having activity. When menadione was used in place of menadione bisulfite, an artifactual DT-diaphorase activity was also detected, but was about one-half that obtained with menadione bisulfite. Polarographic determinations of the midpoint potentials for menadione and menadione bisulfite indicated that the latter compound was easier to reduce and may account for the greater apparent DT-diaphorase activity measured with this compound.


Abstract The decision to disclose or not disclose a diagnosis of mental illness (MI) is complex and influenced by a variety of factors. Research into MI disclosure has commonly focused on investigating the singular parts of the disclosure process, thus failing to capture an understanding of the individual's holistic experience of MI disclosure. This paper seeks to gain an understanding of the phenomenon of workplace MI disclosure from the perspective of the disclosing employee. By doing so we gain an understanding of how they make sense of this experience which should help shape MI workplace policies and practices. Using a qualitative research approach and interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), interviews took place with three Irish women who had previously disclosed a mental illness in the workplace. Within the findings, three superordinate themes emerged: (1) Antecedents of Disclosure, (2) Disclosure Outcomes and the Organisation (3) Disclosure Outcomes and the Self. Without an understanding of the consequent impact of disclosure on employees' post-disclosure work-life, appropriate resources and supports cannot be developed.


Combined with examples the structural analysis results respectively obtained from two-rigid panels law and three-rigid panels law are analyzed. One supplementary condition is proposed for three-rigid panels law. Author points out this structure is instantaneous variable system.


The study sought to answer some of the inquiries relating to the role of the African Union to the Economic Development of the continent with taking Egypt and The COMESA countries as a model. The study came to a set of results, the most important of which is that what the African continent needs is a solution to its Economic problems, as the Continent has wealth that helps in the Economic integration but not exploited. Thus the African States became unable to achieve a degree of cooperation that supports Economic relations, as well as to the problem suffered by the Organization of African Unity will be suffered by the Union; hence, it is a must to reconsider the system of Economic groupings within the Continent like COMESA and other, leading to the creation of linkages between the Economic interests of The States of those groupings on the basis of complementarity bring added value to the grouping as well as to facilitate joint projects that brings benefit from the resources and wealth of those States, on condition that it is under a cultural umbrella reaffirms images of the peoples in those countries, creating a new vision based on the many common space areas, which means creating positive opportunities for members of the continent that can be achieved through which Developmental renaissance.


AO Cam and AM Leo are two short-period overcontact binary systems whose physical properties are nearly the same. In the present paper, three CCD times of minimum light for AO Cam and two photoelectric eclipse times for AM Leo are presented. Combining the new determined eclipse times with others compiled from the literature, the behavior of their O - C variations were investigated. For AO Cam, its orbital period is revised, and it is found that the period shows a cyclic variation with a period of 20.1 yr and an amplitude of 0.0047 days. In AM Leo, a new period increase has occurred recently. Two possibilities of period variations, sudden and continuous changes, are discussed. The period changes of both systems cannot be explained by apsidal motion, since both the primary and the secondary eclipse times vary in the same O - C trend. Of the three mechanisms of magnetic activity cycles, internal mass motions, and the presence of a third body, we think that the last is more plausible. Assuming that the period changes are due to third bodies revolving around the eclipsing pairs, the parameters of the third-component stars are determined. If it exists, the third body in AO Cam is revolving in a circular orbit, whereas that in AM Leo is revolving in an eccentric orbit (e′ = 0.58). No secular period changes were discovered in either overcontact binary star, which is in agreement with the recent statistical relation of Qian. This may suggest that AO Cam and AM Leo are in transition between the angular momentum loss–controlled and the thermal relaxation oscillation–controlled stages of the evolutionary scheme recently proposed by Qian.


A new system for detecting the sub-harmonic component of ultrasonic pulse wave is constructed. Double-layered piezoelectric transducer (DLPT) [1] which has the identical polarization directions is for the detection. The resonance frequency of the DLPT comprised of two transducers (with resonance frequency of f) is equal to f when the transducers are electrically connected in parallel and to f/2 when the transducers are connected in series connection. The performance of the DLPT used in this ultrasonic system is described. As the experimental results, the efficient detection of the sub-harmonic component of the ultrasonic pulse wave reflected by a reflector is successfully accomplished. On contrary, the sub-harmonic component could not be detected by using conventional system without an electrical switch for elctrical connection of the DLPT.


Based on transfer matrix, the defect model is deduced in detail in one - dimensional photonic crystals. Some useful results between defect model and defect dielectric stratifiedis is obtained.


To provide a location conversion program and an information processing apparatus into a position in the different virtual structure of the layout position of the person in the actual structure. An information processing apparatus 1 includes a real shop layout information 112 that defines the placement of the object in the real store 2, a storage for storing the virtual store layout information 111 that defines the placement of the object in the store on the virtual and parts 11, a person position acquiring means 105 for acquiring a position of a person in the real store 2, the actual store layout information 112 based on the virtual store layout information 111, the position of a person in real shop 2, on the virtual and a person position converting means 105 for converting the position of a person in the store. .FIELD 1


Quantitative evaluation of mixing performance of a tumbling fluidized bed granulator with an opposing pulsed jet (PJ) assembly was conducted using an optical sensor and adhesive fine powders. The effects of operating conditions on the degree of mixing were investigated in terms of the ratio of light intensity reflected from the powder mixture to that in the ultimately dispersing state, ηI. The mixing performance was compared to that of other mixers of different types from the viewpoints of the degree of mixing ηI, and the energy consumption during processing. The mixing performance was equal to or higher than that of a high speed stirring mixer. The energy consumption to attain the index ηI of 0.95 using the fluidized bed granulator with the PJ assembly was approximately 50% of that required by the high speed stirring mixer.


A Performance Seeking Control (PSC) can realize the operations advantageous enough to accomplish the economy, safety, engine life, and environmental issues by reducing the control margin to the extremity together with selection of the control variables so that various kinds of parameters will be minimized or maximized. This paper describes the results obtained from the simulation study concerning the PSC aiming at the efficiency enhancement, power improvement, and longer engine life of a two-spool regenerative gas turbine engine having two control variables. By constructing the dynamic simulation of the engine, steady-state characteristics and dynamic characteristics are derived; then, a PSC system is designed and evaluated. It is concluded that the PSC for the gas turbine of this type can be realized by the turbine inlet temperature control.Copyright © 2000 by ASME


This paper is the second part of a work which aims at proposing a global approach for the numerical modeling of parasitic capacitances in high-frequency multiwinding transformers. In this part, we focus on the numerical identification using the finite-element method (FEM) of the capacitive circuits which have been introduced in a companion paper in the same issue. An original procedure based on the FEM in 2-D electrostatics is first presented. The validity of the 2-D approximation is thereafter discussed, and a new method which consists in solving two successive 3-D models (an electrokinetic problem in the windings and an electrostatic one in the dielectrics) is then exposed. The two methods are illustrated and experimentally validated on a three-winding transformer.


You may be on to something in noticing the connection between hormones during the menstrual cycle and how it affects the digestive system. It's understandable that you're experiencing some monthly digestive confusion — it's common to experience constipation or diarrhea just before or during menses. While research hasn't pinpointed one singular cause of this effect, there's some evidence supporting the link to hormones and hormone-like compounds.


The copolymerization of ethylene and norbornene (N) was carried out with iPr(Cp)(Flu)ZrCl 2 catalyst and modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO) cocatalyst. The catalytic activity was dependent on the structure of MMAO, i.e., MMAO-4 exhibited higher catalyst activity than MMAO-3A containing more i-butyl groups. The glass transition temperature (T← 1 g) and the composition of the produced copolymer were not affected by MMAO type. With styrene derivatives as 3 r monomer, T g of copolymer increased while the catalytic activity decreased. With the addition of 3 rd monomer, not only the content of 3 rd monomer but also the content of N increased.


A so-called "White House Conference on Chil dren and Youth" has been held every ten years, ever since 1909 when President Theodore Roose velt invited 200 citizens to meet in Washington, D. C., to deal with the plight of the orphan child. Out of past conferences have come the stimuli for the Children's Bureau, child labor laws and other important developments. Traditionally, these Conferences have dealt with the questions of children and youth as one unit. But the 1970 or seventh conference was divided into two sections. The Conference on Children was held in Washington, D. C., December 13-18, 1970. Twenty-six individual Forums discussed a wide range of partinent matters, such as Expres sions of Identity ; Creativity and the Learning Process ; Keeping Children Healthy ; Does the Environment Influence a Child ; Meeting the Needs of the Seventies in Child Service Institu tions. The speakers, members and delegates, about 4,000 in all, came from all groups who deal with children-parents, educators, health professionals, legal representatives, social scientists and young people. Numerous controversies and questions arose dur ing and after the Conference. The comments which follow were gathered and organized by Rob ert Mendelsohn, M.D., a member of our Editorial Board.


The purpose of this paper is to present a damping algorithm for a Newton solver based on physical rather than mathematical considerations. Its performance will be compared with a more conventional technique[1']. Special attention is paid to simulating SOI (silicon-on-insulator) with a floating substrate. Simple examples will be used to illustrate the nature of the ill-conditioning of this class of problems. Results will show that the convergence criteria must be much tighter than for conventional CMOS technologies otherwise the terminal currents could be incorrectly evaluated.