One of the basic and important concepts in sustainable development is taking human needs into consideration and meeting them. Security is one of the most basic human needs, which in effect will lead to progress. Urban traffic is one the causes that put a psychological pressure on people and threatens the psychological sense of security. Today the fact that many people don"t use the sidewalks in streets and alleys is a constant psychological pressure both for the pedestrians and for the drivers. Studies show that such constant pressures can lead to serious psychological and mental problems. There are many reasons as to why people avoid using sidewalks for example poor flooring, uneven surfaces, natural and artificial obstacles, the disproportionate width of the sidewalks in comparison to the crossings, failure to take into account the human scale and the importance of viewing angle and the issues of visual perception and so on. In this article this issue is viewed from the pedestrian view and guidelines to solving this problem are researched. To this matter the method of research is combinatorial investigation. The results of the survey showed, that in short distances people over the age of 40 show more interest in a stroll than people under the age of 40. The superficial beauty of sidewalks was evaluated of much importance to both groups. The issue of uneven surfaces was the first priority for the group of over 40 and for the people under the age of 40 the problem that took priority was the width of sidewalks. Taking into consideration the results of both the descriptive and survey research the comfort level of pedestrian pathways were researched and presented.


Crowdsourced testing is an emerging trend, in which test tasks are entrusted to the online crowd workers. Typically, a crowdsourced test task aims to detect as many bugs as possible within a limited budget. However not all crowd workers are equally skilled at finding bugs; Inappropriate workers may miss bugs, or report duplicate bugs, while hiring them requires nontrivial budget. Therefore, it is of great value to recommend a set of appropriate crowd workers for a test task so that more software bugs can be detected with fewer workers. This paper first presents a new characterization of crowd workers and characterizes them with testing context, capability, and domain knowledge. Based on the characterization, we then propose Multi-Objective Crowd wOrker recoMmendation approach (MOCOM), which aims at recommending a minimum number of crowd workers who could detect the maximum number of bugs for a crowdsourced testing task. Specifically, MOCOM recommends crowd workers by maximizing the bug detection probability of workers, the relevance with the test task, the diversity of workers, and minimizing the test cost. We experimentally evaluate MOCOM on 532 test tasks, and results show that MOCOM significantly outperforms five commonly-used and state-of-the-art baselines. Furthermore, MOCOM can reduce duplicate reports and recommend workers with high relevance and larger bug detection probability; because of this it can find more bugs with fewer workers.


We experimentally demonstrate that an atom-optics kicked rotor can remove the interference signal due to chosen interferometer paths in a four-pulse de Broglie wave atom interferometer. The interferometer output is dominated by two degenerate spatial loops: the nonreciprocal "trapezoid" loop and the reciprocal "figure-8" loop. By applying the kicked rotor sequence at a particular time we suppressed the contribution of the "trapezoid" loop to the interferometer signal while preserving the contribution due to the "figure-8" loop. When the degeneracy is present, the interferometer is sensitive to both rotation and linear acceleration. When the degeneracy is lifted the interferometer is insensitive to linear acceleration, but still sensitive to rotation. The suppression of nonreciprocal loops in an atom interferometer is valuable for rotation sensing.


Objective To study the expression and Clinical Significance of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein(MCP-1),Solvable Interleukin-2 Receptor(sIL-2R) in Serum of Acute Leukemia(AL).Methods The serum levels of MCP-1,sIL-2R were dynamically determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELLSA) in 40 newly diagnosed patients with acute leukemia.Control group was consisted of 20 healthy individuals.Results In 40 newly diagnosed patients,the expression of MCP-1,sIL-2R were significantly higher than that in control group(P0.05),and sIL-2R decreased after complete remission(CR) but was still higher than that in control group.However,in relapsed patients it elevated again;The expression of MCP-1 was not significantly different than that in CR patients(P0.05),but in relapsed patients it lowered.Conclusion Dynamically determined the expression of MCP-1,sIL-2R cloud help assess the seriousness of the disease and the prognostic judgment in AL patients.


The friction behavior of elastomer/solid pairs is an intensive investigation field. There were many theoretical and experimental work devoted to the double nature of the friction of elasto- mer/solid pairs arising from the adhesion and hysteresis. While some theory and calculation methods were developed to determine the hysteretic constituent of friction, in determining the adhesive component of friction only a few results were achieved. Lubrication influences enormously the friction behavior of elastomer making even more complicate the theoretical evaluation of the friction of elasto- mer/solid pairs. Experiments in laboratory were devoted to clear the doubts raised in the phenomenon of friction of elastomer. However, the results of these investigations led to different conclusions. This work tries to reveal the contradictions between the conclusions of different experiments and discuss the plausible sources of the friction of lubricated elastomer, which are especially important at the application of rubbing elastomer seals.


Domestic tai! freight transport was opened to competition as of the beginning of 2007. This means that all operators who meet the regulations can enter the rail freight transport market and operate rail transport. The purpose of this research was to study the market entry of new entrants, and the barriers related to it. The research also set out to evaluate the change in the rail transport market and the equal realisation of competition prerequisites. The Finnish railway legislation, which is based on EC legislation, states that the conditions for operating rail traffic include a safety certificate, an operating licence, the allocated rail capacity, and a rail network access contract. The government has an important role in creating a non-discriminatory playing field, as the conditions of perfect competition cannot be achieved. The market entry barriers and the actions of a dominant company also have a big effect on the functionality of competition. The research material consisted of answers gathered from an expert pane(, comprising over 50 persons, using the Delphi method and two question rounds. The analysis of the research material was conducted using qualitative content analysis and a narrative approach, and scenario-based working methods typical for futures studies. The material was analysed to form expert profiles and their character descriptions, and scenarios that describe the market entry of different types of railway undertakings. This type of triangulation is new in this sector and helps to highlight new aspects of the examined phenomenon. The research results were evaluated by mirroring them on the results of the special evaluation interviews. Based on this research, railway stock acquisition and the difficulty of accessing the services create the greatest barriers to market entry. Other entry barriers include a Long market entry phase, recruiting staff, inadequate rail capacity, and the possible actions of the market dominating company which complicate market entry and competition. The research results show that there will be more competition in rail freight transport than expected. The most significant scientific contribution of the study is the clustering of administrative factors into one entity that creates a substantial entry barrier in addition to financial and technical issues. The authorities are expected to be active, more customer-friendly and quick, instead of the passiveness they have shown so far. This report may be found at http://dspace.cc.tut.fi/dpub/bitstream/handle/123456789/82/makitalo.pdf?sequence=1


This paper presents a tabu search method for determining the sequence and type of plant operations needed to take a plant from an initial state to a final state in such way that the process remains safe during the execution of all the operations. Specifically, this paper focuses on how to determine valve operations in order to change the concentrations of chemical species to a desired goal, while avoiding the flammable range during start-up or shutdown operations. A modified two-layer method is presented and compared with the original method. Also, a simplified single-layer approach is presented in which the operator time duration is changed along with the valve positions in such a way that the method can be used for online operations.


The cracks of structures are caused by various reasons. Corrosion cracking of concrete cover caused by steel-bar corrosion is very serious and it is also an important sign of durability limit state of concrete structure. In this paper, by means of acoustic emission, a graph of the cumulative impact change was obtained to determine the cracking time, which was compared with the theoretical formula. In addition, the correction factor k will be discussed.


Working with a software system typically requires knowledge of the system's history, however this knowledge is often only tribal memory of the development team. In past user studies we have observed that when being presented with collaboration views and word clouds from the system's history engineers start sharing memories linked to those visualizations. In this paper we propose an approach based on a storytelling visualization, which is designed to entice engineers to share and document their tribal memory. Sticky notes can be used to share memories of a system's lifetime events, such as past design rationales but also more casual memories like pictures from after-work beer or a hackathon. We present an early-stage prototype implementation and include two design studies created using that prototype.


This thesis includes two articles and a coat. The articles present two studies investigating students' reasoning when they were working in pairs, solving mathematics problems using the dynamic soft ...


We study the impact of social influence on the performance of ads on social networks. Using data for several ads on Facebook for two different firms, we measure the impact of past connections on the click rate and endorsement rate of ads. We find that increase in the connections does not lead to an increase in the click performance and may even decrease the click performance. We also find that increase in connections can increase the endorsement rate of ads provided that ads have been clicked. However, when the number of connections is very large the connection performance may also reduce. Our results inform advertisers on how the social influence impacts the performance of their ads and how should they advertise on social platforms such as Facebook. Our results also provide insight into consumer behavior in social networks. Specifically we show that consumers are less likely to be influenced by social connections to click ads. However, if they do click ads they are more likely to endorse ads if more of their connections do.


The problem of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of certain recommended procedures for the improvement of reading skills in one fourth grade and one fifth grade class in the Jacksboro Elementary School. The purpose was to discover through testing and observation the level of each student and his specific reading needs.


this paper is aim to investigate the performance of a typical glycerin heating process and the suitable tuning method when using PID control strategy. The temperature control system is achieved by controlling the power fed to the heater via 4–20mA current signal injected to AC power controller. The conventional and enhanced PID controllers are tested to the process. The enhanced PID controller is referred to the conventional PID connected with Smith predictor element. The process model is obtained experimentally using step input test method. The controller parameters are adjusted and evaluated based on Ziegler-Nichols, ITAE (load) and Wang's tuning methods. The process performances are analyzed and compared in terms of rise time, settling time and percent overshoot. The results show that the glycerin heating process exhibit high overshoot and slow response when using conventional PID controller for all tuning methods. Whereas, perform better when using PID controller with some modifications and tuned using ITAE (load) method.


The product is monophasic and has a crystal structure different from that of another author's phases, though still based on tetrahedral zinc coordination in a close-packed anion lattice. It does undergo phase transformations in ambient atmosphere. Syntheses of two sample products are described. Powders and crystals of either sample showed a characteristic x-ray diffraction pattern which did not change with time. Single crystal diffraction data enabled all reflections to be indexed on the basis of an orthorhombic unit cell. Contents of the cell, calculated density, and probable space group are also tabulated.


May 2002 linical trial protocols are designed to produce scientifically sound, new knowledge about the safety, efficacy, and specific therapeutic characteristics of a new drug or treatment combination. Clinical trial protocols developed using modern study design principles have well-understood statistical hypothesis testing and internal validity characteristics.1 Thus, modern clinical studies are designed to deliver the most supportable scientific knowledge with the smallest number of study subjects.2 Despite these more efficient study designs, the complexity and associated costs of executing new protocols continue to increase.3–5 The rising complexity of current protocols has resulted in a dramatic increase in the operational-management overhead required to initiate, execute, and complete a clinical trial successfully within budget and time frame. With the increasing number of subjects, investigators, locations, and countries involved in a given trial, it is not surprising that many clinical trials have significant operational issues that can cause substantial cost/time overruns or outright trial failures.6 A distinction between scientific and operational issues in clinical trials planning and execution is important. A scientific "surprise" arises from the limited state of current knowledge about the pharmacologic and therapeutic properties of the trial agent(s) in the experimental clinical situation. This lack of scientific knowledge is precisely the reason a well-designed clinical trial is required and is ethically justified. Operational "surprises" arise because of unforeseen diffiC A Model-Based Method for


Objective To analysis the outcome of gastroscopy and B ultrasonography in patients of post hepatitis cirrhosis with portal hypertension, and to evaluate the degree of cirrhosis in clinic and affording suggestions in preventing complication. Methods One hundred and ninety two cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension were divided into three groups : mild, moderate and severe group based on the extent of esophageal varicosis. By estimating the diameter of portal vein, thickness of spleen and width of splenic vein in three groups to investigate their correlation with the extent of cardio-esophageal varicosis. Results The incidences of gastric varices in these three groups have prominent difference,The severer the degree of esophageal varices , the higher the incidence of gastric varices. According to the different degree of esophageal varices, the diameter of portal vein,thickness of spleen,diameter of splenic vein are differed. There is linear relation between thickness of spleen and diameter of splenic vein. Conclusion Diameter of portal and splenic vein, thickness of spleen,can provide valuable suggestion in predicting the presence of portal hypertension,but further confirmation is based on the result of gastroendoscopy.


Standards and the need for standards, for example for annotation purposes, only emerge after a period of time. Before, people just did what they thought was right. This may have resulted in large amounts of data in a format that in the end did not turn out to be on speaking terms with the (new) standard. This format may even have become a de facto standard for a particular language or in a particular domain. In this paper we discuss an approach for situations in which ISOcat is used to mediate between such formats. Another task for ISOcat is to indicate the possible re-use of the output of semantic annotation X using format Y for a new annotation Z. These possibilities are to a large extent determined by the compatibility of the (definitions of the) data categories used in both. The spatiotemporal annotation schema STEx, as used in the SoNaR-corpus, is central to this paper. Its input consists of other (semantic) annotations. In the TTNWW-project1 STEx is related to relevant standards, like ISO-Time ML, and state-of-the-art formats, like Spatial ML. We describe which conditions should be met and how ISOcat can offer a helping hand.


The author first considers research on the experience and use of public space in older town districts in the framework of the restructuring experiments in Eindhoven and Rijswijk. Children and adults experience the street and neighbourhood negatively due to the unattractiveness of the public space (visually, lack of variety, plants etc), the presence of obstacles (parked cars) and parking problems. There is no unanimity about the way changes should take place. Many do not want to solve the parking problems by creating more parking places. Besides production thinking, process thinking is of great importance. Consultation is necessary for the designer. For the covering abstract of the conference see TRIS abstract no 370002. (TRRL)


Remote user authentication has become an important technique in a distributed environment in which the services are distributed and devices are untrusted. A remote user authentication method is used to validate the legitimate remote client. And it is one of the vital security services. Many more authentication mechanisms were proposed to determine the identity of a remote client. This paper provides an overview of several multifactor authentication mechanisms which preserves privacy and security in a distributed environment.


Although the nature and prevalence of deviant sexual thoughts and behaviors has been well investigated in forensic samples, far less attention has been paid to these phenomena in sub-clinical settings. A male undergraduate sample (N = 88) completed the Multidimensional Assessment of Sex and Aggression (MASA; Knight et al., 1994) as a measure of deviant sexual thoughts and behaviors, along with various measures of personality. First, we investigated possible personality correlates of deviant sexual thoughts and behaviors. In particular, we examined the roles of the Big Five personality traits (i.e., Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness to Experience; John & Srivastava, 1999), as well as the "Dark Triad" of personality (i.e., sub-clinical narcissism, Machiavellianism, and sub-clinical psychopathy; Paulhus & Williams, 2002) in their relationship to deviant sexual thoughts and behaviors. Second, we examined the nature of the previously established relationship between pornography use and deviant sexual behavior (Cooper et al., 2002). Specifically, we tested whether personality (e.g., sub-clinical psychopathy) moderated the relationship between pornography use and deviant sexual behavior. Results indicated that Neuroticism and sub-clinical psychopathy were the two main correlates of deviant sexual thoughts, whereas sub-clinical narcissism and subclinical psychopathy correlated with deviant sexual behavior. Furthermore, ANOVA analyses revealed that sub-clinical psychopathy moderated the relationship between pornography use and deviant sexual behavior. That is, pornography use was associated with high levels of deviant sexual behavior only for participants scoring high in sub-clinical psychopathy. Together, these results support Bandura's (1977) "reciprocal determinism" theory, in that it appears that individuals with certain personality characteristics are attracted to certain types of media content, and that these individuals are affected by that content differently than are other


One of the greatest challenges in engineering is development of products at extended companies using virtual spaces in system of systems environments. Engineers are forced to move their direct communication to indirect communication through product model. Tracking consequences of a change across a large and complex product model and considering intent of original decision maker at revision of an earlier decision have become two critical problems. This paper introduces methods for the solution of the above two problems in the implementation of model based product lifecycle management. After introduction of the problem, related researches and preliminaries of the reported research are given. Following this, a method is proposed for change management that applies dependency graph and change affect zone (CAZ). Next, information and information content based product modeling methods are compared and modeling is proposed for information content. Finally, implementation of the proposed methods in the form of extension of model based conventional product lifecycle management (PLM) systems is explained.


Photoemission data taken with hard x-ray radiation on cleaved single crystals of the barium parent compound of the MFe2As2 pnictide high-temperature superconductor family are presented. Making use of the increased bulk sensitivity upon hard x-ray excitation, and comparing the results to data taken at conventional vacuum ultraviolet photoemission excitation energies, it is shown that the BaFe2As2 cleavage surface provides an electrostatic environment that is slightly different to the bulk, most likely in the form of a modified Madelung potential. However, as the data argue against a different surface doping level, and the surface-related features in the spectra are by no means as dominating as seen in systems such as YBa2Cu3Ox, we can conclude that the itinerant, near-EF electronic states are almost unaffected by the existence of the cleavage surface. Furthermore, exploiting the strong changes in photoionization cross section between the Fe and As states across the wide photon energy range employed, it is shown that the degree of energetic overlap between the iron 3d and arsenic 4p valence bands is particularly small at the Fermi level, which can only mean a very low degree of hybridization between the Fe 3d and As 4p states near and at EF. Consequently, this means that the itinerancy of the charge carriers in this group of materials involves mainly the Fe 3d-Fe 3d overlap integrals with at best a minor role for the Fe 3d-As 4p hopping parameters and that the states which support superconductivity upon doping are essentially of Fe 3d character.


By T. HoLEs, Esq., Surgical Registrar to the Hospital. A YoUNG man of very issipated appearance and habits, who gave the fictitious name of Fitawallynge, was admitted some time ago, under the care of Mr. Cutler, on acout of an injury to the right elbow. This had occured about a fortnight before, when he was drunk. He could therefore give no account of the affair; but it was pthred frm what he sid that it was a blow or fall in some drunken quaml. He was positive in asserting that, before that date, his arm was healthy. When admitted, there was great swelling about the part, with an erysipelatous blush on the surface; and the cellular memfbrane was extensively undermined. It was thought liky that a fracture existed about the seat of injury; but the welling rendered an accurate diagnosis impossible. Fre incision were made on the ulnar side of the forearm into the cellular membrane, which was sloughy. Bark and acid, opiates, and a liberal allowance of spirits, were ordered. He seemed in danger of an attack of delirium tumens during the first few days of his stay in the house, but this passed over. Three weeks after his admission, it is aoted that very large sloughs had come away, exposing the uhs to a great extent. Six weeks after his admission (speakng accurately, on the forty-third day), the carpal atremity of the exposed portion of the Ulna separated, tbms causing a transverse fracture about one inch Eom the wrist. The shaft of the bone for a great distance was exposd, and evidently dead; but, as it was firmly fixed, it was decided to allow it to exfoliate without any operation. He improved much in health during the remaining period (one month) of his stay in the house, which he then quitted for change of air. Very shortly after his discharge, and eleven weeks after his ad ion, the piece of bone separated. It measured seven inches in length, and included the whole thickness of the shaft of the ulnae Some bone was still left exposed at the upper part of the wound. The patient returned to his old dissipated habits, and wsseen no more at the hospital. RDUNAnS. I was reminded of this case, which occurred a long while ago, by observing in the AssocIATION JOURNAL of November 22nd one reported by Mr. Jones, of Jersey, at the Medical Society of London, in which the whole shaft of the ulna had perished from disease. The present case is perhap more remarkable, as being an example of the same resut following an injury. There seemed no reason to suspect the accuracy of the man's history; nor did the appearance of the bone, when separated, indicate any long -ing diseae. The are several points of interest about the case. The firt is the conirmation which it afflrds of the doctrin, now, I suppose, unmrsally admitted, of the danger of. a ferring to make incissoan in diffiie cellular infiaatie. Here there was no very severe injury,-not more, as far as could be seen, than is inseparable from a fracture about the elbow; yet a fortnight's delay and neglect, in a pera of feeble habit of body, wa sufficient to cause destruction of all the soft pats (including the periosteum), ad sub quent gangrene of the bone Another intertig feature in the case is the short time required for casting off so extensive an exfoliation. Whatb ever might have been the case at the upper end, it seemed certain that there was no fracture of thelower end of the ulIna; still, so rapid wa the proces of sep tion, that it was complete only six weeks after his admision, and eight after the receipt of the injury. Unfortunately, the most interesting part of the case was lost by the patient's neglect of attendance,-I mean the process which Nature would have adopted to remedy as far as possible the loss of parts. As far as I could see at the time, this process could hardly be said to be then commenced. No new bone was discovered in the cavity left by the extraction of the old; nor was the formation or grow of new bone from the lower end sufficiently advanced to attract attention. Although the periosteum covering the subcutaneous surface of the bone was destroyed, that of the deeper surface was probably left, at least partially; and some repair of the bone from that source might be looked for; otherwise it is probable that the radius might hare become hypertrophied, or the interosseous membrane ossified in part, to afford support to the muscles of the limbs.* It would have been very interesting also to notice what interference remained to the action of the numerous muscles which take their origin from the ulna. Our patient, however, had no sooner left the house than he began tom amends for so long a restraint by indulging in his old habits, and was then probably ashamed to show himel again. The case, imperfect as it is, I thought worthy of record, especially as a companion to that reported by Mr. Jones.


Objective To determine if natural emodin can enhance arsenic-induced apoptosis via increasing reactive oxygen species(ROS) on cultured esophageal tumor cells in vitro and transplanted neoplasms with esophageal tumor cells in vivo,and to demonstrate the effect of emodin on pro-apoptosis signaling as well as anti-apoptosis signaling.Methods In vitro study,after the esophageal cells were exposed to arsenic combined with emodin,the apoptotic rate,release of cytochrome C from mitochondrion,activity of survival-related transcription factor NF-κB and expression of targeted protein survivin were determined.In vivo study,the animal models bearing esophageal tumor cells were administrated with emodin and arsenic intraperitoneally.After chemotherapy,the tumors were weighted and(apoptosis) of tumor cells,translocation of NF-κB to nuclei and expression of survivin in neoplasms were assayed.(Results)Emodin enhanced apoptosis of esophageal tumor cells induced by arsenic via augmenting release of cytochrome C from mitochondrion and inhibiting NF-κB activity in ROS dependent manner.Meanwhile,cotreatment of emodin and arsenic enhanced apoptosis of neoplasms,inhibited translocation of NF-κB and down-regulated survivin in neoplams. Conclusion Emodin enhanced apoptosis of esophageal tumor cells in vitro and in vivo.The mechanisms of emodin involved enhancement of pro-apoptotic signaling pathway as well as inhibition of anti-apoptotic signaling pathway.There exists the practical feasibility of emodin in chemotherapy.


Objective To establish an HPLC method to determine the content of hyperoside in Qingre Sanjie Jiaonang.Methods Shimadzu VP-ODS column was used.The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.2% acetic acid=18∶82,the detection wavelength was 360 nm and the flow rate was 1.0 mL·min-1.Results The linear range of hyperoside was 0.082 08-0.820 8 μg(r=0.999 7),the average recovery was 99.6%.Conclusion This method is repeatable,flexible and sensitive.It can be used for the quality control of Qingre Sanjie Jiaonang.


This thesis is focused on the using of Kluyveromyces marxianus during fermentation of whey. Specifically, this thesis is focused on determining of the lactose decrease during fermentation of whey using two strains of yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus. The process of fermentation was monitored in whey at two concentrations (3 and 5 g-100 g-1) and at three incubation temperatures (20, 28 and 35 °C). The decrease of lactose was measured at de-fined time intervals (0, 24, 48, 72 a 96 h) by HPLC with refractometric detection (HPLCRI). The results showed that the fermentation time and concentration of whey have a considera-ble influence on the fermentation process and the final amount of lactose in the sample. Furthermore, also the temperature of 28 °C appeared to be optimal for the optimal growth of yeast and thus optimal for maximum decrease of lactose in whey. In addition to alcohol fermentation, enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose by -galactosidase was also observed. The enzyme was applied to the whey in two concentrations (1 and 2 g-l-1) and the process of hydrolysis was monitored for 6 hours. Enzymatic hydrolysis of lactose has led to a decrease in lactose and an increase in hydrolytic products, i.e. glucose and galactose. Double concentration of the enzyme was more effective, complete lactose cleavage was achieved after 5 hours of hydrolysis.


[p.27] To most normal persons the world is an undoubted existent. It is a reality 'out there', and the fact of its being there calls for some explanation. There are broadly two answers to the question of the world's existence. To some it is an entity which always was. To others it is an actuality which once was not, but which either somehow came into existence for no reason at all or was brought into being by the action of some other and outside agency in fulfilment of a divine purpose. Non-theistic Existentialists are content to say that the world is just there. We can only accept its 'factness' without asking for a reason. There is, in truth, no rhyme or reason anywhere. Existence―the world's and man's―is, according to Sartre, 'quite idiotic'. There is nothing to lean on save the indomitable purpose to lean on nothing. The contingence of existence is not even, as it is for Christian Existentialism, an exciting mystery. It is just plain nonsense; a complete irrationality and an unaccountable stupidity. It is even absurd that there should be this absurdity. There is no accounting for the world's "being there", It just is and that's an end of it. For the Humanist the position is not greatly different. Here the creed is quite simple: 'this life is all and enough' 1 . Everything is as it is and must be taken as it is. There is no other reason than that things 'happen' this way. Matter is there as itself, self-existing, self-active, selfdeveloping, self-enduring. There is no great over-all purpose in the cosmos. And we are forbidden from asking the question 'Why?' Why should there have been a universe in the first place? Why is there any existence at all? Such questions pre-suppose answers in terms of purpose and for the Humanist there is no purpose. Thus in the light of the persistent demand for a reason we are rebuked to silence. Yet we are encouraged to believe that there is nothing mysterious in the notion that life and finally human beings should have arisen out of such 'remarkable stuff' as matter as it is pronounced to be by one noted Humanist. So remarkable indeed is this 'stuff' called 'matter', we are informed, that it was always there without the need of any power to bring it into being and any presence to keep it in existence. 2 But such an unadventurous doctrine cannot so easily smother the spirit of enquiry with its 'no 'Why?' questions permitted'. For the Christian theist it is far otherwise. He believes that the universe, as an existent reality, was ushered into being by the creative voice of God. He lives, he is convinced, in a world originated and controlled by God. And he finds the source and confirmation of this faith in the Bible. The Bible begins with an account of God's creative activity. But it is altogether wrong to suppose that this is a mere introductory word which can be quickly passed over so that attention may be given to greater and more important matters. The truth is rather that here is the primeval word, the fundamental word supporting all else. The idea of God as Creator is the keystone of the arch of the whole biblical message. Should it be dislodged everything else would collapse. Rightly to understand what the Bible means by God as Creator is rightly to understand the whole Bible. All else is


It is estimated that the world's population will be about 9.1 billion by 2050. The UN FAO has reported that food production would need to be increased by approximately 70 percent to feed this increased population. Therefore, to ensure high yields and farm profitability, it is very important to improve agricultural productivity. In this sense, the technology of the Internet of Things (IoT) has become the key road towards novel practice in agriculture. In the agriculture sector, climate change is also a major concern. A solution to completely satisfy the requirements of automated and real-time monitoring of environmental parameters such as humidity, temperature and rain is proposed in this paper. The proposed platform, which collects environmental data (temperature, humidity and rain) over a period of one year was tested on a real farm in Tunisia. The results show that the proposed solution can be used as a reference model to meet the requirements for large-scale agricultural farm calculation, transmission and storage.


The aim of the research is to find ways to improve the technology of the iron preparing for the oxygen-converter smelting. This  development will help to increase the competitiveness of Ukrainian plants'  metal products.Methodology. During the research, the analysis of iron refining technologies, which are  used at metallurgical plants of Japan, the USA, Western Europe and Ukraine, was provided. The main factors, which largely determine the low competitiveness of metal products in Ukraine, have been established. It is shown that in order to increase the steel production's efficiency, it is necessary to develop an energy-efficient one-stage technology for preparation of iron for converter smelting. It could be done by the preliminary refining of iron with the removal of silicon and sulfur from it in a casting ladle.Results. The research of one-stage preliminary complex processing of iron made it possible to determine that in this variant of  iron processing, desiliconization of the melt is ensured in  the reaction zone of the oxygen-fuel stream action. The stream carries powdered dolomitized lime in suspension. The process is accompanied by the emission of heat and intense slagging of CaO particles. It ensures the formation of floating drops of synthetic slag, which is close  to the CaO – SiO2 – Al2O3 – MgO system with a reduced oxidation potential. At the same time, the desulfurization of iron is proceeded  in the bubbling zone through the interaction of sulfur with floating drops of synthetic slag, which have a high absorption capacity for sulfides. The formation of the main cover slag is also ensured in order to intensify the desulfurization process. The formation of the main cover slag reduces the losses of iron in the form of beads during slag downloading and increases  the temperature of  iron during its processing.Scientific novelty. The scientific substantiation of research is provided. The subject of the final research is the mechanism and kinetics of the process of simultaneous desiliconization and desulfurization of  iron . A new energy-saving technology for iron refining in a casting ladle with simultaneous removal of silicon and sulfur in the combined reaction zone is proposed. This reaction zone is formed by the blowing powdered lime dolomite into the melt through a submersible lance in oxygen-fuel streams. One of the features of such technology is preliminary feeding of pig or rod aluminum into the metal.Practical use. An improved technology of one-stage preliminary complex processing of iron in casting ladles with simultaneous removal of silicon and sulfur is proposed. This technology will significantly reduce the loss of iron and heat with the loaded slag during processing. As a result of this technology's implementation, the percentage of silicon and sulfur in iron will be reduced to the level of 0.15 – 0.30 % and 0.005 – 0.010 %, respectively, without heat loss. The use of such iron in the production of oxygen-converter steel will reduce the consumption of lime for smelting. It also will reduce the loss of metal with a smaller amount of slag. The use of such iron will aslo reduce the specific consumption of iron.


A common cultural belief in technologically advanced societies is that emotion and reason are opposites, with reason superior to emotion. This belief is not supported by recent results in neuroscience and experimental psychology which show instead that emotion and cognition are strongly interconnected and depend on each other. Moreover, the belief is also harmful to society because it contributes indirectly to racism, sexism, homophobia, and the appeal of demagogues. Scientific understanding can help to heal the cultural split between emotion and reason in the service of building a partnership society.


We read with interest the article by Mirsattari et al. on parkinsonism with HIV infection. 1 Involuntary movement, such as with hemichorea-ballismus, myoclonus, dystonia, and parkinsonism, has been reported in patients with HIV infection. AIDS patients may be sensitive to dopamine antagonists. 2 The high frequency of drug-induced parkinsonism may be the result of underlying nigral degeneration in patients with HIV infection. 1


We have fabricated high-mobility, two-dimensional electron gases in a GaAs quantum well on cylindrical surfaces, which allows to investigate the magnetotransport behavior under varying magnetic fields along the current path. A strong asymmetry in the quantum Hall effect appears for measurements on both sides of the conductive path. We determined the strain at the position of the quantum well. We observe ballistic transport in 8-micrometers-wide collimating structures.


Introduction : CD47, a cell-surface ligand overexpressed in various malignancies, binds to SIRPα on effector macrophages to promote tumor cell evasion of phagocytosis. Blockade of the CD47-SIRPα interaction provides a pro-phagocytic signal which enhances phagocytosis mediated by tumor-targeting antibodies such as rituximab. Agents targeting CD47 in combination with rituximab have demonstrated promising clinical activity in R/R NHL; however, the broad expression of CD47 leads to frequent on-target, off-tumor toxicities, including treatment-emergent hemolytic anemia. CC-95251 is a novel, fully human immunoglobulin G1 antibody that binds to SIRPα on monocytes and macrophages to potently block the CD47-SIRPα interaction. Here we report interim results from a phase 1 study evaluating CC-95251 combined with rituximab in patients (pts) with R/R NHL.
 Methods: CC-95251-ST-001 (NCT03783403) is a multicenter, open-label, phase 1, dose-escalation and expansion study of CC-95251 in pts with advanced solid tumors and CD20+ R/R NHL. The primary objectives of the dose-escalation stage presented here are to evaluate the safety and tolerability of escalating doses of CC-95251 combined with rituximab and to define the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and/or recommended phase 2 dose for the combination in pts with R/R NHL. Pts with CD20+ NHL who had progressed on standard anticancer therapy or for whom no approved conventional therapy was available were eligible for inclusion. Dose-escalation was conducted using an adaptive, 2-parameter Bayesian logistic regression model with overdose control. Pts were treated in 28-day cycles with CC-95251 administered intravenously at 3, 10, or 20 mg/kg every week (QW) and rituximab 375 mg/m 2 given on days 1, 8, 15, and 22 of cycle 1, on day 1 of cycles 2-5, and on day 1 of every other cycle from cycle 6 to 24 until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
 Results: As of April 30, 2021, 18 pts were enrolled and 17 had received ≥ 1 dose of CC-95251 and rituximab. Median age of the enrolled study population was 69 (range 30-84) years. Treated pts had received a median of 4 (range 1-7) prior systemic therapies, including 14/17 (82%) pts with confirmed prior rituximab exposure. Enrolled tumor types included R/R diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in 14 (78%) pts, follicular lymphoma in 2 (11%), and mantle cell lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma in 1 (6%) pt each. Of the pts with available response data for prior lines of therapy (LOT), 7 (41%) had disease confirmed to be refractory to any prior LOT, including 5 (29%) refractory to rituximab-containing regimens, and 5 (29%) to their last LOT.
 Pts received a median of 3 (range 1-12) cycles of CC-95251, with a median duration of treatment of 14.1 (range 1.1-47.3) weeks. There were no CC-95251 dose reductions. Five (29%) pts experienced ≥ 1 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) leading to CC-95251 dose interruption. To date, the MTD has not been reached for the combination of CC-95251 and rituximab. The most common (≥ 30%) TEAEs of any grade were neutropenia (11/17 [65%]), infections (9/17 [53%]), hypokalemia (6/17 [35%]), and hypomagnesemia (6/17 [35%]; Table). Grade ≥ 3 TEAEs reported in ≥ 2 pts were neutropenia (9/17 [53%]) and infections (4/17 [24%]). No treatment-related anemia, a notable toxicity of some anti-CD47 therapies, was reported with CC-95251 and there were no treatment-related deaths. The overall response rate was 41% (7/17), with 2/17 (12%) pts achieving a complete response (Figure). The median time to response was 7.6 weeks. Median duration of response has not been reached as responses are ongoing.
 Pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis showed that CC-95251 exhibited dose-proportional increases in exposure at doses > 3 mg/kg QW indicating saturation of nonlinear clearance pathways or target saturation. Full receptor occupancy on peripheral monocytes was achieved at doses > 3 mg/kg QW. The estimated terminal half-life when in the linear range of clearance was approximately 12 days. No substantial differences in PK were observed at the given dose levels for CC-95251 monotherapy versus CC-95251 combined with rituximab.
 Conclusions: CC-95251, a novel anti-SIRPα antibody, demonstrated a manageable safety profile and promising efficacy in combination with rituximab in pts with heavily pretreated CD20+ R/R NHL. The study continues to enroll in the dose-expansion phase. Updated safety and efficacy data will be presented.
 Figure 1 Figure 1.

 Strati: Astrazeneca-Acerta: Research Funding; Roche-Genentech: Consultancy. Hawkes: Regeneron: Speakers Bureau; Specialised Therapeutics: Consultancy; Bristol Myers Squib/Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Merck KgA: Research Funding; Astra Zeneca: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Roche: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Travel and accommodation expenses, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Speakers Bureau; Antigene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Merck Sharpe Dohme: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Ghosh: Karyopharma: Consultancy, Honoraria; Genmab: Consultancy, Honoraria; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Adaptive Biotech: Consultancy, Honoraria; Pharmacyclics LLC, an AbbVie Company: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Genentech: Research Funding; AbbVie: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Incyte: Consultancy, Honoraria; Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; ADC Therapeutics: Consultancy, Honoraria; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau; Epizyme: Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Tuscano: BMS, Seattle Genetics, Takeda, Achrotech, Genentech, Pharmacyclics, Abbvie: Research Funding. Chu: Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria; Amgen: Consultancy, Honoraria; Astellas: Consultancy, Honoraria; Bristol Myers Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria; BI: Consultancy, Honoraria; Astra Zeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria; Eli Lilly: Consultancy, Honoraria; Merck: Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria; Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria; Roche: Consultancy, Honoraria; Takeda: Consultancy, Honoraria; Merck KgaA: Other: DSMB. Patel: Bristol Myers Squibb: Current Employment. Burgess: Bristol Myers Squibb: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Hege: Bristol Myers Squibb: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Chhagan: Bristol Myers Squibb: Current Employment. Boyanapalli: Bristol Myers Squibb: Current Employment, Current equity holder in publicly-traded company. Day: Tracey Day: Current Employment. Shen: Bristol Myers Squibb: Current Employment. Mehta: Affirmed; Kite/Gilead; Roche-Genetech; Celgene/BMS; Oncotartis; Innate Pharmaceuticals; Seattle Genetics; Incyte; Takeda; Fortyseven Inc/Gilead; TG Therapeutics; Merck; Juno Pharmaceuticals/Bristol Myers Squibb: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics; Incyte; TG Therapeutics: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Seattle Genetics; Incyte; TG Therapeutics: Consultancy.


These proceedings are the compilation of papers presented at the Symposium, "Measurements for the Safe Use of Radiation," held in Gai thersburg , Maryland, March 1-4, 1976. The symposium addressed the present status and future requirements for measurements of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation. Emphasis was placed on the needs for standardization and measurement assurance activities in medical, environmental, and personnel protection applications.


In this article, a size‐reduced dual band‐pass transmission line (TL) with a composite right/left handed (CRLH) shunt‐stub is presented. It uses a T‐shaped quarter‐wavelength TL, which shows dual band‐pass characteristics, when the electrical length is +nλ/4 or −nλ/4, where n is odd integer. These wavelengths can be achieved at arbitrary frequencies by the CRLH‐TL with the property of a nonlinear β versus ω. The phase delay at the two operating frequencies can be adjusted by designing the series TL part, identical to the case of a conventional TL. The performance of this TL is demonstrated in both simulations and measurements, which show good agreement, exhibiting insertion losses of 0.32 and 0.98 dB at the two operating frequencies, respectively. Also, the phase response difference was determined to be 180° at these frequencies. The size of the proposed TL is 16 × 19 mm2. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:2150–2153, 2014


The world turmoil and the war destroy torment the contemporary mankind,while hegemonism is the major factor of endangering the world peace.What our country is expected to carry forward in the worldwide is the Confucianist's ideological quintessence which is called"neutralization",and take the road of peaceful development to make great contributions to the realization of the world peace.


Objective To establish a simple and convenient model of post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) in rabbits.Methods The experiment site in Xiamen university animal experiment center.Twenty five New Zealand rabbits were selected,male and female unlimited.Two acupuncture needles connected to the anode and cathode of a stimulator were transcutaneously inserted into the myocardium as electrode.The stimulating current was steered to the myocardium and maintained for 3 minutes to induce cardiac arrest (CA).Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was performed at 6 minutes after a period of nonintervention.The levels of white blood cell (WBC),alanine aminotransferase (ALT),creatinine (Cr),troponin Ⅰ (Tn Ⅰ),brain natriuretic peptide (BNP),partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2),partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in arterial blood and the heart rate,body temperature,blood pressure were measured before CA and 0,24,48,72 hours after ROSC.Rabbits were sacrificed and microstructure injury was observed using electric microscope after ROSC 72 h.Comparisons among two groups were studied by using IndependentSamples t Test.Statistical comparisons within groups were analyzed by using paired t-test.Results The rate of ROSC in rabbits was 22/25.Twenty rabbits were survived in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and myocardial injury and dysfunction at 24 h after ROSC.Eleven rabbits were survived in post-resuscitation multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (PR-MODS) at 72 h after ROSC.TNF-α level peaked at 24 h after ROSC,and then decreased gradually.The procalcitonin (PCT) concentration significantly increased after ROSC 24 h.Conclusions The model of CA in rabbits induced by transcutaneous electrical myocardial stimulation required low-intensity current and showed typical pathophysiological process of PCAS,the model had high success rate and long survival time.The model appeared typical brain injury,myocardial dysfunction,ischemia-reperfusion injury.It may be an ideal animal model for investigation on PCAS.

Key words:
Electrical stimulation;  Cardiac muscle;  Cardiopulmonary resuscitation;  Post-cardiac arrest syndrome;  Animal models


I discuss three issues about the relation of phenomenal consciousness, in the sense Siewert isolates, to intentionality. The first is whether, contrary to Siewert, phenomenal consciousness requires higher-order representation. The second is whether intentional features of conscious states are identical with phenomenal features, as Siewert argues, or merely conceptually supervene on them, with special attention to cross modal representations of objects in space. The third is whether phenomenal features are identical with what we can have first person access to, with special attention to features of thoughts that are individuated by reference to the self and the present time.


In order to evaluate the productivity potential of some bread wheat varieties and promising lines under no-till rainfed condition two different on-farm trials were conducted in cold (Sonqor) and warm (Sarpol-e Zahab) regions of Kermanshah province during cropping season. In the cold condition, winter genotypes and in the warm condition spring genotypes were evaluated for grain yield and its components, morphological traits, canopy temperature, relative chlorophyll content (SPAD) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). In the cold condition, the genotypes were significantly different for peduncle extrusion length, number of grain per spike, number of spike per m and thousand-kernel weight, peduncle length and gain yield. Grain yield of genotypes varied from (Sardari) to (G ) kgha and four genotypes (G , G , G and G ) ) significantly (p < ) were better than the check variety (Azar ). In the warm condition, the genotypes were different for SPAD, plant height, peduncle extrusion length, peduncle length, -kernel weight and days to heading. Grain yield of genotypes varied from (G ) to (G ) kgha , and G and G were superior to the check variety (Aftab) by and , respectively. The profiles of trait associations were relatively different in cold and warm conditions. NDVI was positively correlated with grain yield, number of kernel per spike and -kernel weight and negatively correlated with canopy temperature in the warm region. These results showing the importance of NDVI in identifying productive wheat genotypes for dryland conditions.


Intestinal T cells are key in gut barrier function. Their role in early stages of alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD) remain unknown.


A METHOD OF RELATING TRAFFIC SPEED TO VOLUME WAS DEVELOPED BASED ON THE IDEA THAT SPEED ON URBAN ROUTE SECTIONS WAS CONTROLLED LARGELY BY THE ABILITY TO MOVE THROUGH SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS. A FURTHER HYPOTHESIS WAS THAT IF TRAFFIC WERE RANDOM ON URBAN ROUTE SECTIONS, AND THUS DESCRIBED BY A POISSON TYPE DISTRIBUTION, THEN THE ARRIVALS IN ANY GIVEN TIME INTERVAL COULD BE DETERMINED BY ANY GIVEN HOURLY RATE OF FLOW. THE RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH WORK FOLLOWING THE HYPOTHESIS DESCRIBED ARE PRESENTED. IT IS SHOWN HOW THE RANDOMNESS OF TRAFFIC WAS TESTED, AND THE ESTIMATIONS OF AVERAGE SPEED ARE DESCRIBED.


SUMMARY Egg shell breakage is and remains a source of economic loss to the egg producer. In general, about 3% of the eggs laid by hens housed in battery cages or in free-run systems have cracked shells. This number increases about another 1% for hens kept in enriched cages or housed free-range and a further 1 to 2% for those in aviaries. The range of cracked shells reported was from 2 to 12%, but there were few published reports for most production systems. The occurrence of dirty-shelled eggs is about 2 to 3% higher than the incidence of eggs with cracked shells. Shell breakage is also influenced by manufacturer of enrich cage systems. The highest impact eggs receive as they move from the hen to the retail store is in the laying house; overall, eggs receive impacts that average about 13 G. The material used to make egg cartons (paper pulp or plastic foam), the cases in which the cartons are shipped (cardboard or wire), and the location of a carton within the shipping case (top, middle or bottom) affect the occurrence of shell breakage when eggs are transported. Even apparently weak impacts to egg shells may cause microcracks to develop and if the impacts are stronger visible cracks become apparent or they may rupture the mammillary membranes which will allow the egg's content to escape.


We discuss possible definitions for a stochastic slip velocity that describes the relative motion between large particles and a turbulent flow. This definition is necessary because the slip velocity used in the standard drag model fails when particle size falls within the inertial subrange of ambient turbulence. We propose two definitions, selected in part due to their simplicity: they do not require filtration of the fluid phase velocity field, nor do they require the construction of conditional averages on particle locations. A key benefit of this simplicity is that the stochastic slip velocity proposed here can be calculated equally well for laboratory, field and numerical experiments. The stochastic slip velocity allows the definition of a Reynolds number that should indicate whether large particles in turbulent flow behave (a) as passive tracers; (b) as a linear filter of the velocity field; or (c) as a nonlinear filter to the velocity field. We calculate the value of stochastic slip for ellipsoidal and spherical particles (the size of the Taylor microscale) measured in laboratory homogeneous isotropic turbulence. The resulting Reynolds number is significantly higher than 1 for both particle shapes, and velocity statistics show that particle motion is a complex nonlinear function of the fluid velocity. We further investigate the nonlinear relationship by comparing the probability distribution of fluctuating velocities for particle and fluid phases.


We designed a pair of primers for sex identification in the brown eared‐pheasant (Crossoptilon mantchuricum) based on the mechanism of PCR amplification of CHD fragments, and identified the number of products. The new primers were considered to have more sensitivity than P2/P8, and cross‐species application indicated that they can also be used for sex identification in other species of Phasianidae and Passeriformes.


Performance measurement is a way to monitor organizational activities to ensure that the organization has achieved the goals to be achieved. Performance measurement problems can be solved using the SCOR approach because it lies in the focus of the  measurement area, which is measuring the company's activities from upstream to downstream which includes reliability, responsiveness, flexibility, cost, and asset. The purpose of this study, namely to measure the level of performance in the supply chain, determine the performance attributes that need to be improved, and provide suggestions and solutions as consideration for managing measurement problems. The results of the performance calculation using the SCOR a pproach, are the metrics on the performance attributes of responsiveness, cost, and asset are 100% in accordance with the company's target, but on the reliabilityperformance attribute there are metrics that are not in accordance with the company's target, are perfect condition, inventory inaccuracy for finish products, inventory accuracy, % orders received defect free, incoming product quality, and customer complaint, while the flexibility performance attribute has a metrics that is not in accordance with the company's target, is current on hand inventory. Suggestions for improvements needed by the company, are improvements in finished product inspections and document checks, as well as additional space for raw material warehouse.


There is proposed a telescopic fork leg (1) is arranged with an inner tube (2) and an outer tube (3) and a damping device (4) and a spring means (5) within a in the outer tube (3) formed on the first chamber (8) and formed opposite one of the damping device (4) and below the first chamber (8) arranged in the second chamber (9) is supported, which is designed for accommodating a damping fluid, the damping means (4) supporting the one hand, to a piston rod (13) piston (12) having an upper and a lower piston surface (17; 18) and the piston (16) within a substantially concentric with the inner tube (2) arranged damping pipe (12) is displaceable and the damping pipe (12) of a substantially concentric with the damping pipe arranged (12) annulus chamber (15) is surrounded and the telescopic fork leg, a hydraulic end stop means (48) within the Damp expansion means (4) is arranged and configured to form a travel-dependent damping force, and a pressure limiting device (36).


This chapter presents two case studies with extensive statistical data on the effectiveness of the partnership approach for student employment.


N-Quench, which is a new surface heat treatment to infiltrate nitrogen into steel parts followed by quenching to achieve hardening, is gathering attention in the nitriding field as it affords low distortion while maintaining a higher effective case depth (ECD) compared with conventional nitriding. N-Quench is conducted mainly between 680°C and 800°C, where the two-phase region of ferrite and austenite exists in the Fe-N phase diagram. However, a few studies have reported on nitriding at temperatures higher than 800°C due to decomposition of NH3, which is a key source of nitrogen infiltration. Our results revealed that in a conventional furnace such as resistance heating furnace, no nitrogen infiltrated the specimen at 930°C, which is the general carburizing temperature. On the other hand, in the infrared heating furnace, nitrogen infiltrated the specimen at 930°C successfully with lesser NH3 introduction than that required by the conventional furnace. Therefore, in this study, the limit of NH3 decomposition is assessed and possibility of extending the applicability of N-Quench, especially increasing the ECD while maintaining a low distortion, is examined.


Passiflora edulis is the major species of passionflowers grown worldwide, mainly for juice production and fresh fruit, in climates ranging from cool subtropical (purple variety) to warm tropical (yellow variety). The bacterial leaf spot, caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. passiflorae (Xap) can be a serious disease affecting passion fruit production in commercial orchards, particularly under moist field conditions. In this study we describe a first analysis of host gene expression in this pathosystem. We used suppression subtractive hybridization to construct two cDNA libraries enriched for transcripts induced and repressed by Xap, respectively, 24 h post inoculation with a highly virulent strain. High-quality sequences were obtained resulting in 998 unisequences that were used for annotation. In accordance with BLASTX results performed by Blast2GO tool, 86.7% of the unisequences showed similarity to other plant species' proteins related to different functional categories. Sixty-three transcripts were similar to Arabidopsis thaliana defence-related proteins identified in the PLAZA platform. In silico predicted protein–protein interactions were detected on the basis of the STRING database for 35 of the 63 defence-related proteins. At this early stage of interaction, a set of genes was selected from Blast2GO categorization results and analysed by quantitative PCR (qPCR). The expression profiles changed in response to the pathogen for 76% of these genes (48/63) and the differences in expression ratios ranged from 0.51-fold to 1.83-fold. In later stages of interactions (5 and 9 days post inoculation) when disease-associated symptoms were visible, qPCR analyses were performed for 14 genes selected from both libraries. The expression profiles of all genes were found to be changed by the pathogen. The gene that responded most strongly to the pathogen attack encodes a lipoxygenase 2. In inoculated plants, its expression was induced 500-fold and 300-fold, 5 and 9 dpi, respectively, compared to controls, suggesting an important role of this gene in passion fruit defence. Moreover, we showed that most of the genes involved in well-known pathogen recognition signalling pathways were repressed by Xap and this lends support to the idea that the jasmonic acid signalling pathway fails to be activated during the first hours of interaction.


Adolescents are often considered more susceptible to online gaming addiction than adults due to their inclination towards novel experiences in pursuit of personal pleasure. However, this addiction can lead to significant health risks, notably insomnia. This study aims to elucidate the prevalence of insomnia among high school students addicted to online games, employing an analytic survey method with a cross-sectional design. The research population consisted of students of State Senior High School in East Luwu the province of South Sulawesi. A sample size of 246 individuals was determined using proportionate stratified random sampling.

The research findings reveal that a majority of adolescents engage in mobile gaming for a duration of ≥ 1 hour per day (67.0%). The most frequently played online game is identified as PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds (32.5%). Online gaming addiction among adolescents falls predominantly within the severe criteria (73.2%), paralleling the severity of insomnia experienced (72.4%). A significant association between insomnia and online gaming addiction among high school adolescents is established (_p_ = 0.026). It is recommended that educational institutions establish peer educators tasked with promoting awareness regarding the adverse impacts of online gaming addiction among fellow students. By fostering literacy on this subject, schools can contribute to a healthier and more balanced gaming behavior among adolescents.


Objectives To determine the gene coding for the group 16 allergens of Dermatophagoides farinae(Der f 16) and construct a prokaryotic expression system.Methods Total RNA was isolated from D.farinae and used as template for RT-PCR amplification of the gene fragments coding for Der f 16.These fragments were then cloned into a pCold TF DNA vector and transformed into E.coli JM109.After correct sequencing,the plasmid pCold TF-Der f 16 was transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3),its expression was induced with IPTG,and it was identified with SDS-PAGE.Results The gene coding for Der f 16 was obtained by RT-PCR and was 1 443 bp in full length.It was 99.72% identical to the reference sequence.The constructed plasmid pCold TF-Der f 16 was then transformed into E.coli BL21 and its expression was induced with IPTG.It was then identified with SDS-PAGE.The target protein was expressed in whole cells,supernatant,and precipitate containing pCold TF-Der f 16.Bioinformatics indicated that the recombinant allergen consisted of 480 amino acid residues and had a molecular weight of 55.1315 ku.Its secondary structure consisted of an alpha helix(35.21%),extended strand(20.83%),and random coil(43.96%).The Der f 16 had four gelsolin domains.Conclusions Der f 16 was successfully expressed in E.coli,providing a basis for large-scale production of the recombinant allergen for clinical diagnosis and treatment of allergic disorders.


Existing proofs that deduce $\text{BPP} =\mathrm{P}$ from circuit lower bounds convert randomized algorithms into deterministic algorithms with a large polynomial slowdown. We convert randomized algorithms into deterministic ones with little slowdown. Specifically, assuming exponential lower bounds against randomized single-valued nondeterministic (SVN) circuits, we convert any randomized algorithm over inputs of length $n$ running in time $t\geq n$ to a deterministic one running in time $t^{2+\alpha}$ for an arbitrarily small constant $\alpha > 0$. Such a slowdown is nearly optimal, as, under complexity-theoretic assumptions, there are problems with an inherent quadratic derandomization slowdown. We also convert any randomized algorithm that errs rarely into a deterministic algorithm having a similar running time (with pre-processing). The latter derandomization result holds under weaker assumptions, of exponential lower bounds against deterministic SVN circuits. Our results follow from a new, nearly optimal, explicit pseudorandom generator fooling circuits of size s with seed length (1 + α)log s, under the assumption that there exists a function f ∊ E that requires randomized SVN circuits of size at least 2(1−α')n, where. α=O(α'). The construction uses, among other ideas, a new connection between pseudoentropy generators and locally list recoverable codes.


Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG), an infrequent disease, is a non-neoplastic bone lesion. Clinically, it may be asymptomatic or it may show an aggressive and painful condition that can cause root resorption, cortical bone destruction. The aim of this report is to emphasize the importance of intralesional corticosteroid injection, which is a less invasive technique in the treatment of CGCG. 24 years old female patient came to our clinic with pain and swelling in the left side of the mandible. In intraoral examination, a red-purple swelling, which was found to have been present for 6 months, was detected in this region. Radiographic examination showed a multilocular radiolucent lesion and root resorption. Biopsy was done under local anesthesia. After the histopathological examination, the diagnosis of CGCG was done. Intralesional corticosteroid injection was applied. During routine follow-up, the lesion was observed to decrease and disappear.


This text aims to discuss the nontransparency of images by a research conducted in Chemistry classes developed and analyzed by a teacher/researcher. The discussions were based in historic-cultural benchmarks and they lead to the specificities in ways of perceiving, thinking and acting of different subjects concerning to the didactic mediating processes, which refer, e.g., to the importance of working the reading of images, of valuing the historicity of the processes of social constitution of the subjects and the meanings produced about the images, in order to propitiate interactions which empower the inter- and intrapsychic processes permeating the Chemistry/Science classes.


China is a big country of production of fly ash, in this paper, the development status of China's coal ash and its comprehensive application situation, has analyzed the importance and the economy of the comprehensive utilization of fly ash.To provide reliable data for the comprehensive utilization of fly ash.


In article dynamics of social calls of society Russian Federation to various levels of an educational system – to school and professional pedagogical is considered. So, the research conducted by a group of authors sociological allowed to determine inquiry of modern society, in particular seniors, students of system of SPO and their parents to labor education and education by work. And it has to become a task of the teacher of modern times. The pilot study of a role and functions of the resource centers conducted by authors in the organization of practice of students of teacher training colleges confirmed that future teachers have to react to changes of social tendencies flexibly. Survey total sociological conducted by author´s group concerning future teachers allowed to note that civil identity, active living position of teachers is appreciated by society along with professional competences, and, often, even above them.


Nurses have difficult working conditions that affect their job satisfaction, health, and quality of life, leading to losing competent and qualified nurses through turnover and career changing. Aim: The present study aimed to assess nurses` perception toward career changing and its relation to their job satisfaction. Research Design: Descriptive correlational design was used to conduct this study. The study sample was: a simple random sample of staff nurses who are working in Medical and Surgical departments at Benha University Hospital (N = 240 staff nurses). Two instruments were used for data collection; Nurses` perception questionnaire, and nurses` job satisfaction questionnaire. The study results and conclusion showed that, the majority of the staff nurses had a high perception level toward career changing, the majority of staff nurses had a low job satisfaction level, and there was a highly statistical negative correlation between staff nurses` perception toward career changing and their job satisfaction. Recommendation; there should be a clear job description for staff nurses, nurses should have an opportunity to participate in decision making, improving salary, giving rewards and incentives to nurses in case of good performance, implementing career ladder to give nurses chance for promotion, implementing in-service training programs for nurses according to their learning needs.


The article considers the style, genre, system and specificity of textual categories in «The steppe Book» by O. Pavlov, a Moscow writer. The author reveals the possibility of defining the narrative form of «The Steppe Book» as a traditional narrative whose compositional integrity is based on the narrator,s consciousness.


We present a spectroscopically confirmed sample of Lyman alpha emitting galaxies (LAEs) at z ~ 4.5 in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South (ECDFS), which we combine with a sample of z ~ 4.5 LAEs from the Large Area Lyman Alpha (LALA) survey to build a unified Lya luminosity function (LF). We spectroscopically observed 64 candidate LAEs in the ECDFS, confirming 46 objects as z~4.5 LAEs. We did not detect significant flux from neither C_iv 1549\AA\ nor the He_ii 1640\AA\ emission in individual LAE spectra, even with a coadded spectrum. With the coadded line ratio of He_ii to Lya constraining the Population III star formation rate (SFR) to be 2$\sigma$ significance, and the product $L^*\Phi^*$ differs by a factor of >3. Similar LF differences have been used to infer evolution in the neutral gas fraction in the intergalactic medium at z>6, yet here the difference is likely due to cosmic variance, given that the two samples are from adjoining line-of-sight volumes. Combining our new sample of LAEs with those from previous LALA narrowband surveys at z = 4.5, we obtain one of the best measured Lya LFs to date of L* = 42.83 $\pm$ 0.06 and $\Phi^*$ = -3.48 $\pm$ 0.09. We compare our new LF to others from the literature to study the evolution of the Lya luminosity density at 0 < z < 7. We find tentative evidence for evolution in the product $L^* \Phi^*$, which approximately tracks the cosmic SFR density, but since field-to-field and survey-to-survey variations are in some cases as large as the possible evolution, some caution is needed in interpreting this trend.


Multilevel inverters have been widely used in many applications since the technology is advantageous to increase the converter capability as well as to improve the output voltage quality. According to the applied switching frequency, multilevel modulations can be subdivided into three classes, i.e: fundamental switching frequency, high switching frequency and mixed switching frequency. This paper investigates the performance of cascaded H-bridge (CHB) multilevel inverter that is modulated using mixed switching frequency (MSF) PWM with various dc-link voltage ratios. The simulation results show the nearly sinusoidal load output voltages are successfully achieved. It is revealed that there is improvement in output voltages quality in terms of THD and low-order harmonics content. The CHB inverter that is modulated using MSF PWM with equal dc-link voltage ratio (½ Vdc: ½ Vdc) produces output voltage with the lowest low-order harmonics (less than 1% of fundamental) while the CHB inverter that is modulated using MSF PWM with un-equal dc-link voltage ratio (2/3 Vdc: 1/3 Vdc) produces a 7-level output voltage with the lowest THD (16.31%) compared to the other PWM methods. Improvement of the output voltage quality here is also in line with improvement of the number of available levels provided in the output voltage. Here only 2 cells H-bridge inverter (contain 8 switches) are needed to produce a 7- level output voltage, while in the conventional CHB inverter at least 3 cells of H-bridge inverter (contain 12 switches) are needed to produce a 7-level output voltage. Hence it is valuable in term of saving number of component.


In this paper we address the problem of car plate detection. In the first part of algorithm we propose a method for enhancing car plate regions. We estimate the local density of vertical edges in the image as a criterion for local enhancement. In the second part, the vertical edges from the enhanced image is then extracted and feed to a morphological filter to constitute candidate regions for the place of car plate. This filter aims to connect vertical edges closer than the size of a defined structuring element. The output of this process is a number of connected components among which the plate region is. We use some geometrical features of car plate such as shape and aspect ratio to filter out non-plate regions from the candidate list. Using the correlation between the candidate regions and the model of car plate, the most probable region is found. The result of enhancement on car images shows the ability of the proposed method for improving the contrast of plate region(s) in the image. The experimental results on out-door car images confirms the robustness of the proposed method against the severe imaging condition.


In this paper we propose an invalidation-based consistency protocol using timestamp ordering for concurrency control. The protocol works for a system composed of a security server and object managers located on different machines. The security server defines the security policy in a small database and object managers enforce the policy replicated on each machine. Thus, the system can be modeled as a replicated database. Since transient inconsistency among replicas may lead to unauthorized accesses, our goal of consistency is one-copy serializability (1SR) because it guarantees a one-copy view of the security policy regardless of which copy is accessed. However the requirement for good performance is also desirable. We evaluate the performance of the proposed protocol and compare it with the performance of the transactional consistency protocol, an invalidation-based consistency protocol based on a locking mechanism. Both protocols guarantee 1SR consistency. The results show that both protocols demonstrate compatible performance. However the proposed protocol offers 1SR consistency with less overhead.


Koperasi Unit Daerah (KUD) Mupakat Jaya is one of cooperative which has members who often loan some money from it. The KUD has 1.571 members who work as a rubber farmer in Prabumulih. Decision support system (dss) is important for cooperative, its to determine how much money that can loan, and also can speed up the process. So KUD Mupakat Jaya needs a system that can help calculate the nominal that can be loaned. The purpose of this research is to build a decision support system to determine the loan nominal and also to increase the service of cooperative KUD Mupakat Jaya. The method that used in this research is decision tree method which can take a right decision. With the decision supported by the system, we expected can help the cooperative in making a decision and to determine how much money thatwill be given to members of KUD Mupakat Jaya.


Natural grassland in China is mainly distributed in North China drought and semi-drought regions and in high altitude and cold Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Its grass growth is greatly influenced by meteorological conditions. In this paper,a meteorological condition index reflecting the influences of precipitation,air temperature and sunlight on the grass growth were developed,and its relationship with the grass yield of main natural grasslands in China was analyzed,based on the grass biomass observation data from animal husbandry meteorological stations in 1994-2005. For the main natural grasslands in China,there was a close relationship between the meteorological condition index and the grass yield during the growth period from March to September. The fresh and dry grass yields of North China natural grasslands had close correlations with the meteorological condition index from March to August,and a high correlation coefficient was obtained in the periods of time from March to May and from August to September in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau natural grasslands,with a higher correlation coefficient between the fresh and dry grass yields and the meteorological condition index from August to September than from March to May. Comparing with dry grass yield,the fresh grass yield in the two main grassland regions had a higher correlation with the meteorological condition index. Historical simulation and extensive prediction examination showed that using this meteorological condition index to predict grass yield had a higher accuracy,being available in operational prediction.


We consider systems of semilinear elliptic equations on infinite cylinders with a nonlinear rapid periodic inhomo- geneity in the unbounded direction. We transform the equation, such that the inhomogeneous term is exponentially small in the period of the inhomogeneity for bounded solutions. The results can be used to show that equilibrium solutions persist as periodic solutions with exponentially small modulation. The analytic tools of the paper include the dynamical systems approach to elliptic equations, averaging of exponential order for ordinary differential equations and extreme regularity (Gevrey classes).


Abstract If cost contingency is too high, it might cause the construction project to be uneconomic, aborted, and lock-up funds not available for other organizational activities; if too low, it may result in unsatisfactory performance outcomes. To predict the simulated cost contingency (SCC), a Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) is applied. However, the use of simulation in most cases is difficult, cumbersome and rarely used in the construction industry. The objective of the current research is to develop ANN and regression based (RB) models to predict the SCC for building projects due to the variability of steel reinforcement (SR) prices. For all the adopted scenarios in dealing with the independent variables, the results revealed that on the average, ANN models are more powerful than RB models in theoretical modeling of SCC when comparing its predicted value with its actual simulated value. On the contrary, RB models outperform ANN models from practical point of view when comparing predicted SCC with its real value. Thus, contractors are advised to adopt RB models in predicting SCC for the practicality in estimating cost contingency. However, the developed models are expected to be highly beneficial for contractors in making SCC calculations easier.


The purpose of this research propose the improvement of the visual arts educational environment according to the previous studies that is visual arts education have effect on the students" creativity and their Psychological Aspects. In addition, This study provide the preceding material in terms of the future quality of the environment and curriculum for public schools and indicate the advantages and disadvantages of each design space as examining what is needed aspect of the art connectivity. Research method is to investigate the domestic and International public school"s visual arts education environment aspects of the facility and space status for safety and activity. As well, method is that it will find out how the program is being conducted in any part of the local culture. Art Education is not the non-intrusive training, but the series of processes going to work together and solve problems through participation of the creative experience based on the art motif. Therefore, it will be a well-supported guideline to establish the art educational environment.


In this paper, we have investigated the gravitational lensing in a spherically symmetric spacetime with torsion in the generalized Einstein–Cartan–Kibble–Sciama (ECKS) theory of gravity by considering higher order terms. The torsion parameters change the spacetime structure, which affects the photon sphere, the deflection angle and the strong gravitational lensing. The condition of existence of horizons is not inconsistent with that of the photon sphere. Especially, there exists a novel case in which there is horizon but no photon sphere for the considered spacetime. In this special case, the deflection angle of the light ray near the event horizon also diverges logarithmically, but the coefficients in the strong-field limit are different from those in the cases with photon sphere. Moreover, in the far-field limit, we find that the deflection angle for certain torsion parameters approaches zero from the negative side, which is different from those in the usual spacetimes.


Aftershock activity ofMay 12M8.0 W enchuan Earthquake sequence shows an obvious segmen-ted feature,most of the large aftershocks are d istributed in the south and north parts of aftershock zone.Thrusting is dom inant in the south partwith a small strike slip component.The aftershock activ-ity decays gradually and presents the sequence feature ofmainshock-aftershock pattern.The north part is the end ing area of the mainshock fracture,where the strike slipping is dom inant and shows an obvi-ous swarm feature,it therefore became the major area for large aftershocks.Modulation of earth tide on aftershock activity is remarkable,most of large aftershocks occur during the period of flood and neap tide.The time period around 16: 00 is the dom inant occurring time for large aftershocks.Thep-val-ue,a parameter ofmod ified Omori formula,increases gradually with time,and reaches about 1 in the final.Based on the previous study,the sequence patterns,magnitude ofmaximum aftershock,as well as the duration of aftershock activity have been d iscussed.The primary results also show that the mag-nitude d ifference between mainshock and the maximum aftershock is proportional to the rupture size of the mainshock for huge earthquakes of aboutM8.0.This means that,when the magnitudes of earth-quakes are nearly the same,large rupture size corresponds to the sufficient energy release.


In recent years Orthogonal frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems have gained considerable attention due to their utse in high speed wireless communication. Both OFDM and CDMA have distinguiishing features, for example, the former is almost completely immune to multipath fading effects, and the later has multi-user capability. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing-Code Division Multiple Access (OFDM-CDMA) attempts to combine these features, so that we can achieve higher data rates Jbr multiple users simuiltaneously. In this paper an OFDM-CDM4, svstem is described and simulated Its performance is compared with Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA) system. Simutlation results presented show that overall perjormance of OFDM-CDMA is better than the DSCDMA system.


This paper presents archacological and sedimentological data obtained from the Paleolithic place of El Molar (Segura Basin, Externa1 Zone of the Cordilleras Beticas). lhe stratigraphic and pedogenetic record of the archaeological site allows us to infer some features relatives to the evolution and stabilization of its clayed (triassic) geological bedrock surface during late Pleistocene times. Upon this surface appears throughout stone tools technomorphologically belonging to the Middle Paleolithic.


The increasing efforts in the synchrotron light sources community toward the design of a diffraction limited source at multi-keV photon energy have eventually stimulated the existing facilities to investigate possible upgrade paths to higher photon brightness and lower emittances to maintain their competitiveness within the users' community. We present a possible option for upgrading 3rd generation light sources based on a rebuild of the arcs with MBA cells, using diamond as an example. Emphasis is given to the AP design issues with a view to minimal changes to the machine layout, contained cost and minimal downtime.


D the past 3 decades, there has been a growing interest in the concept of quality of life (QOL) as it relates to human beings. As survival intervals for human patients with incurable diseases have improved and recognition of the potential undesirable effects of treatment on a patient's enjoyment of life has increased, a gap has emerged between what can be achieved, from the health provider's perspective, and what should be achieved, from the patient's perspective. Traditional measures of patient outcome—survival rate and disease-specific clinical measurements such as hematologic variables—have increasingly been seen as incomplete, and the focus on mortality and morbidity in health care has been steadily superseded by broader considerations of QOL. A focus on QOL ensures that the patient's perspective is placed at the forefront of decisions involving health care. Quality of life considerations are central to virtually every aspect of the welfare and humane care of animals, particularly health care. Assessments of which treatment to use, or whether to treat at all, and of treatment efficacy all involve QOL considerations. The present report was designed to present the justification, relevance, necessity, and validity of QOL assessment in animals; review the use of QOL assessments in veterinary and pediatric human medicine; propose a definition and model for the concept of QOL in animals; and suggest guidelines for clinical application of QOL assessments in veterinary medicine.


Torquato Tasso's 16th-century epic poem Gerusalemme liberata, the opera received its premiere on 26 February 1784, the year in which Prince Nicholas Esterhizy officially acknowledged the completion of his fairyland estate on the southern shores of the Neusiedlersee (in present-day western Hungary). Stage and costume records tell of the high costs associated with the re-creation of the magical isle of the Saracen enchantress at Eszterhiza. In a docu-


Ground-based gravitational-wave interferometers could directly probe the existence of ultralight dark matter ($\mathcal{O}(10^{-14}-10^{-11})$ eV/$c^2$) that couples to standard-model particles in the detectors. Recently, many techniques have been developed to extract a variety of potential dark-matter signals from noisy gravitational-wave data; however, little effort has gone into ways to distinguish between types of dark matter that could directly interact with the interferometers. In this work, we employ the Wiener filter to follow-up candidate dark-matter interaction signals. The filter captures the stochastic nature of these signals, and, in simulations, successfully identifies which type of dark matter interacts with the interferometers. We apply the Wiener filter to outliers that remained in the LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA search for dark photons in data from the most recent observing (O3), and show that they are consistent with noise disturbances. Our proof-of-concept analysis demonstrates that the Wiener filter can be a powerful technique to confirm or deny the presence of dark-matter interaction signals in gravitational-wave data, and distinguish between scalar and vector dark-matter interactions.


In this study, a new LC-MS/MS method was developed and optimized in order to detect two omnipresent additives, Bisphenol A (BPA) and Butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), in WWTP sewage sludge. Both analytes are synthetic phenolic compounds known for their endocrine disruptive and toxic properties. BPA and BHA were isolated from sludge samples using ultrasonic assisted liquid-solid extraction followed by silicagel clean-up to remove interferences, and evaporation to dryness and extract re-dissolution with 1 mL methanol prior to LC-MS analysis. All LC-MS parameters were optimized in order to obtain high sensitivity and selectivity. MS detector response was linear in the range 1 � 200 �g/L with correlation coefficient R2 ] 0.999 for both analytes. Intra-day and inter-day precision expressed as RSD values were 4.7% and 10.3% for BPA, whereas for BHA 7.8% and 13.8% RSD values were obtained. Recovery values after ultrasonic assisted extraction were 85.5% for BPA and 79.3% BHA with internal standard correction. Overall method LOQs were established at 1.97 ng/g (BPA) and 1.86 ng/g (BHA) on dry weight. Optimized chromatographic parameters allowed separation and detection of the two additives in less than 10 minutes. Both BPA and BHA were detected in all tested sludge samples with higher levels for BPA (34.6 - 132.6 ng/g), whereas BHA was found at lower levels in the range 3.16 - 5.64 ng/g.

https://revistadechimie.ro/pdf/48 CHIRIAC 6 19.pdf


Variable-structure systems are those for which the available objects and their relationships can enter or leave the problem as a function of time or depending on the values of other variables. We seek to define probabilistic generative models for variable-structure systems in sufficient generality for use in complex scientific and pattern recognition applications. We define a semantic map, Y, by which model specifications map to model semantics for variable-structure systems. The specification takes the form of (a) a labelled graph or "dependency diagram" (some of whose nodes are labelled with random variables), or (b) a context-sensive stochastic parameterized grammar (SPG), a particular kind of "dynamical grammar". The semantics takes the form of a joint probability density function (pdf), in the case of a graph, or an infinite-dimensional time evolution operator on joint probability density functions for a dynamical grammar. We illustrate these frameworks by treating, with dependency diagrams and dynamical grammars, an elementary example: context-free but resource-bounded trees of conditionally dependent feature vectors. This model can serve as a scaffold for many other variable-structure systems. Fixed-structure Dependency Diagram (DD) classes include graphical models such as Markov Random Fields, Bayes Nets, and Factor Graphs, as well as Constraint Networks. By adding new kinds of node and link labels to the graph specification we can extend such DD classes to efficiently represent variable-structure systems and other highly structured probabilistic architectures, with a formal semantics. The DD notation extensions proposed here include: interaction-gating links (for conditional links and nodes); index nodes and links (with and without weight sharing for structured architectures) that generalize "Plates" with multiple levels of indexing and controllable scope; undirected constraint links; and derived types such as node existence and time delay links. Diagrams for the feature tree model illustrate the differences in principle between dependency diagrams for fixed and variable-structure systems. For SPG's we relate the probability distributions on continuous-time and discrete-time execution results for such grammars, and show how they express resource-limited feature trees. We show how perturbation theory gives rise to an approach both to analysing and to simulating continuous-time executions of dynamical grammars. Finally we discuss the relationships between DD and SPG frameworks, including their synergistic use in multiscale modeling.


Abstract The role of dislocations with Burgers vectors, b, given by b = [0001] during deformation of samples of the intermetallic compound Ti3Al has been assessed. At room temperature, the experimental evidence is consistent with these dislocations being sessile, their density and morphology being similar to that in undeformed samples. In samples deformed at 650°C and above, it is concluded that motion of these dislocations is effected by dislocation climb. The line directions of the various segments of dislocations with b= [0001] are shown to be perpendicular to planes that contain sheets of Ti atoms, with an expected tendency to exhibit a high Peierls stress.


Objectives: To study the diagnosis and treatment of ureteral endometriosis.Methods: We carried out a retrospective review of 35 female patients at the average age of 39±1.5(25~55) with ureteral endometriosis for 1.3±0.6(1-4) years.18 of 35 of ureteral endometriosis were in the left side and 17 cases were the in right side.The symptoms featured waist and abdominal discomfort.B-ultrasound indicated pelvis separation 2.5±0.2(2.0~4.5)cm and ureteral expansion 1.3±0.1(1.0~2.0)cm.A1l cases were treated surgically.The pathologic result confirmed ureteral endometriosis.After the operation,testosterone and goserelin were used for 0.5-1 year.Results: Postoperative pathological findings confirmed the diagnosis of endometriosis.All patients were followed for 3.8±0.9(1-5)years.Two cases had ureteral endometriosis a second time in 2 years.They received the treatment of ureteral stent,testosterone and goserelin.Conclusions: Endometriosis is difficult to diagnose due to non-specific symptoms in the early phase.A definite diagnosis should be carried out after operation.Surgical treatment is effective.Medication after the surgery can reduce the reoccurrence rate.


JT IS not generally noticed that in these, his first words, Prometheus is appealing to the great elements-Aither, Water, Earth, and, in place of Fire, the Sun. But this is the basis of the poetic design. Prometheus, friend of man, is the son of Earth; he has stolen Fire; and his appeal is answered in the drama by Water, in the persons of Okeanos and the Okeanides. Notice the last lines of the poem:


This article presents a bandwidth optimization study of two coupled frequency selective surfaces (FSS).The optimization is performed in two steps. In the first step, a genetic algorithm is developed to synthesize two single FSS crossed dipoles with resonant frequencies equal to 9.5 and 10.5 GHz, to be used in a broadside coupled geometry, separated by an air gap. In the second step, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is developed to determine the optimal value for the air gap length to optimize the geometry bandwidth. Prototypes are fabricated and measured to validate the optimization study results for the two coupled FSS structure. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:711–715, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI: 10.1002/mop.27451