TPS683 Background: C is an inhibitor of tyrosine kinases involved in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and immune regulation, including MET, VEGFR, and TAM kinases (Tyro3, AXL, MER). Preclinical and clinical studies suggest that C promotes an immune-permissive tumor environment which may enhance response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) such as the anti-PD-L1 mAb, A. C is approved for pts with advanced RCC and has shown encouraging clinical activity in combination with a PD-1 targeting mAb in RCC, UC, and CRPC (Nadal et al 2017). A is approved for pts with advanced UC after prior platinum-containing chemo and for chemo-naïve pts with platinum ineligible UC or PD-L1+ cisplatin ineligible UC. Combination of C with A may enhance treatment efficacy in pts with genitourinary (GU) cancers. Here, we present the study design of an ongoing phase 1b trial of C + A which includes cohorts with advanced RCC, UC, and CRPC. Methods: This global multicenter, phase 1b, open-label trial will assess the safety, tolerability, activity, and pharmacokinetics of C or C + A (NCT03170960). The study comprises a dose-escalation stage and an expansion stage. The dose-escalation stage (3+3 design) is completed. C 40 mg qd + 1200 mg A q3w is the recommended dose for the expansion stage. In the expansion stage, 18 cohorts (each 30 pts) will be enrolled including 7 cohorts with GU cancers: (1) treatment naïve clear cell RCC; (2) non-clear cell RCC, treatment naïve or following systemic anticancer therapy; (3) UC after prior platinum-based therapy; (4) treatment naïve cisplatin-ineligible UC; (5) treatment naïve cisplatin-eligible UC; (6) UC after prior ICI therapy and (7) CRPC after prior enzalutamide and/or abiraterone. In addition, an exploratory cohort (30 pts) will evaluate single agent 60 mg C in pts with UC after prior ICI therapy. Pts will continue treatment as long as they experience clinical benefit per investigator or until unacceptable toxicity. The primary objective of the expansion stage is the objective response rate per RECIST 1.1 per investigator for each cohort. Secondary objectives will assess safety including immune related AEs. Clinical trial information: NCT03170960.


When asked in a PBS NewsHour interview in 2000 if the "honor-bound, bloodstained, vengeance-driven" culture of Beowulf reminded him of Ireland, Seamus Heaney refused to take the bait. He replied diplomatically but unequivocally, "Well, no. Ireland . . . [is] in a different kind of cultural situation." Instead, he suggested resonances between Beowulf and another fringe region of Europe, one often aligned with Ireland in the British and Anglo-Irish literary imaginations: the Balkans. Heaney compared the ethnic violence of the 1990s with the tribal allegiances of the Anglo-Saxon world; what does strike the contemporary reader of "Beowulf," he said,


A computer program using a dynamic programming algorithm to optimize the projected discounted cash flow is used by fleet managers at Phillips Petroleum Company in making replacement decisions for individual highway tractors. Now it is also being used to formulate policies for replacing passenger cars and light trucks.


Delays in acting on cardiovascular safety concerns of the osteoporosis drug strontium ranelate have placed patients at risk, argue Mark Bolland and Andrew Grey


Phase reactions occurring during a low temperature selenization of thin In/Cu-multilayer stacks were investigated by ex-situ x-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Therefore, dc-sputtered In/Cu-multilayers onto molybdenum coated soda lime glass were selenized in a high vacuum system at temperatures between 260 and 340 °C with different dwell times and selenium supply. The combination of the results of the phase analysis by XRD and the measurements of the in-depth elemental distribution by EDS allowed a conclusion on the occurring reactions within the layer depth. We found two CuInSe2 formation processes depending on the applied temperature. Already, at a heater temperature of 260 °C, the CuInSe2 formation can occur by the reaction of Cu2−xSe with In4Se3 and Se. At 340 °C, CuInSe2 is formed by the reaction of Cu2−xSe with InSe and Se. Because both reactions need additional selenium, the selenium supply during the selenization can shift the reaction equilibria either to the ...


The above discussion provides examples of how to utilize the possibilities arising from different scenarios, related to the level of information available, to identify low molecular weight organic molecule affinity ligands to target proteins. In Table 10.1 the different published results are summarized in terms of the structure of the ligand, the target protein, and a reference to the relevant publication. Common to all reported cases of small molecule affinity ligands is a considerably lower selectivity and affinity compared to natural protein ligands. This lower affinity has to be compensated with more thorough work in the optimization of binding and elution conditions to obtain significant recoveries and purification factors.


This article explores the prominent role played by visual tropes in Andrei Platonov's Turkmen novella, Dzhan (Soul). While acknowledging Platonov's literary inventiveness, it seeks to identify the equal importance of the gaze as a means of emotional and ideological cognition, thereby arguing that the shift in emphasis in his prose in the mid-1930s entailed not just a move away from explicitly linguistic experimentation but also a greater embrace of visual imagery. With reference to both Dzhan and the author's letters and notebooks, this essay examines how the geographical relocation to Central Asia is accompanied by a heightened engagement with the world through the gaze, which functions principally in terms of gender and national identity. It concludes with a consideration of how the gaze is integral to a theory of Platonov's understanding of language, arguing that the "situatedness" of the individual is predicated on his or her being seen in a visual context by an interlocutor.


Rozzano C. Locsin, RN-C, PhD Fulbright Scholar and Visiting Professor of Nursing Faculty of Medicine Mbarara University of Science and Technology Mbarara, Uganda and Associate Professor of Nursing Florida Atlantic University Boca Raton, Florida T HE issues of learning, education, practice, and leadership heighten the appreciation of transformations in professional nursing. A critical issue taking center stage is the continuously debated association among the concepts of technology, caring, and nursing. Often, it is awareness of the "culture of technology in nursing" that upholds the transformation of professional nursing as an imperative for contemporary knowledgeable practice. Culture is "how a group of people think, believe, and behave," (1,p.13) while technology refers to the Greek concepts techne, the know-how of making things, and logus, the study or rational order of things. 2


www.sciencemag.org (this information is current as of March 4, 2009 ): The following resources related to this article are available online at http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/sci;320/5873/179 A correction has been published for this article at: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/319/5867/1244 version of this article at: including high-resolution figures, can be found in the online Updated information and services, http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/319/5867/1244/DC1 can be found at: Supporting Online Material found at: can be related to this article A list of selected additional articles on the Science Web sites http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/319/5867/1244#related-content http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/319/5867/1244#otherarticles , 11 of which can be accessed for free: cites 24 articles This article 23 article(s) on the ISI Web of Science. cited by This article has been http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/319/5867/1244#otherarticles 8 articles hosted by HighWire Press; see: cited by This article has been http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/collection/cell_biol Cell Biology : subject collections This article appears in the following


A negative ion beam modification of the biocompatibility of polystyrene surface was investigated for the artificial formation of neuron network in culture with respect to negative ion species. Negative ions of silver, copper or carbon were implanted in nontreated polystyrene (NTPS) dishes at conditions of 20 keV and 3×1015 ions/cm2 through a mask with many slits of 60 μm in width. For the surface wettability, the contact angle of ion-implanted NTPS was about 75° for silver-negative ions, which was lower than 86° of the original NTPS. For carbon implantation, on the contrary, the contact angles did not change from the original value. In culture experiment using neuron cells of PC-12h (rat adrenal pheochromocytoma), the cells cultured with serum medium in two days showed the cell attachment and growth in number only at the ion-implanted region on NTPS for all ion species. In another two days in culture with nonserum medium including a nerve growth factor, the outgrowth of neural protrusions was also observe...


rr is NOW SOME SEVENTEEN YEARS since the Idea of History, the last of the works of the English philosopher-historian, R. G. Coilingwood, was published posthumously. It is high time that his writings--and he was astonishingly productive-should be given a thorough, systematic appraisal by a sympathetic ritic. This the present author can fairly claim to have done, and Collingwood's admirers, historians and philosophers alike, who take the trouble to follow his somewhat formidable, and at times perhaps unnecessarily technical, reconstruction, will find their time well spent. They can certainly discount the author's modest warning that he offers "little more than an impression of how Collingwood's philosophy developed after he had completed his Essay on Philosophical Method." His text is impressively documented; and no one familiar with the style of Collingwood's later works, and the unhappy circumstances surrounding their composition, would expect an interpretation to be defended "by explaining every passage in his writings... which appears to conflict with it." Readers of this journal will, of course, be chiefly interested in the account that is offered of Collingwood's theory of history, especially as it is set forth in Part V of the Idea of History, but also in the Autobiography and the Essay on Metaphysics. Professor Donagan considers separately two levels in Collingwood's analysis: his description of historical thinking ("Scientific History") and his discovery of its presuppositions ("The Philosophy of History"). In his treatment of the first, Donagan brings harply into focus Collingwood's Baconian, "questioning" conception of science (whether natural or historical) and shows how it led him out of his early view of human history as a "spectacle," not essentially different from natural history. There follows a brilliant demonstration of Coilingwood's mature view of the relation between question and evidence, involving the application fhis theory to an example of his own historical practice in Roman Britain. This is so beautifully worked out that it should scotch once and for all the obiection so often heard that Coilingwood ffers an "intuitive" account of historical enquiry. Along with this goes a logical analysis of the "lawlike" premisses a sumed ortaken for granted by typical historical rguments which, if correct, goes a long way towards vindicating Collingwood's own contention that historians, unlike natural scientists, do not require knowledge of general laws. Donagan's account ofhistorical explanation, in which e defends the paradoxical claim that "the mere statement of an historical f ct is also its explanation," seems to this reviewer less uccessful. The argument is ingenious, but it appears to


To verify the pathogenicity of F3 generation of equine influenza virus(H3N8) which was passaged with embryonated chicken eggs,two Mongolian horses were infected through nasal by the F3 ge-neration of equine influenza virus,and the hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical method were used in a case of experimentally infected horse who had obviously clinical symptoms for histopathological observation and antigen location.The results showed that the pathological changes were obvious,the nasal mucosa,trachea,lung,heart,liver,kidney and spleen and other organs suffered different degrees of hyperemia,congestion,edema,accompanied with degeneration and necrosis of the parenchymal cells,as well as invasion and proliferation of inflammatory cells.The most obvious changes were in the respiratory system,involving the broncho-interstitial pneumonia in the lung.The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the virus antigens were mainly distributed in the respiratory epithelium cells.These preliminary results demonstrated that the F3 generation of equine influenza virus had pathogenicity to the horses.


In the early 1990s, Moncrief et al. introduced a novel method with subcutaneous burying of the distal segment of Moncrief-Popovich catheter 4-6 weeks prior to starting peritoneal dialysis (PD). The concept regarding stepwise initiation of PD using the Moncrief-Popovich technique (SMAP) or stepwise initiation of PD (SIPD) with embedded PD catheters has not been widely accepted. Advantages of SMAP/SIPD include enabling uncontaminated wound healing, effective immobilization of the catheter, allowing preparation of patients for PD at pre-uremic stage, prompt initiation of PD without the need for break-in period, and shorter hospital stay and improvement of patient care. However, compared with standard insertion with resting but no subcutaneous burying of the catheter, SMAP/SIPD was not associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality, peritonitis rate and exit-site/tunnel infection rate.


Fractures of distal femur are infrequent but devastating complications. For their treatment it is necessary to have a stable internal fixation. To choose suitable type of implant for concrete fracture is important problem in orthopedic practice. This study tries to suggest, which of four implants is most suitable to treat metaphyseal-wedge fracture in extra-articular part of distal femur. The FE deformable leg model with implemented implant models was used for this purpose. The model was loaded by static force corresponding to maximal loading during walking. Distribution of implant von Misses stress was investigated.


Imperviousness, which is defined as the property of a surface that prevents infiltration, is directly a measure of urbanisation. This is mainly due to the fact that the built-up area as a result of urbanisation contributes to imperviousness. The current study uses a remote sensing technique along with the available geographic information system (GIS) data to determine the imperviousness characteristics of an urban catchment. The objective is to quantify the difference in imperviousness determination due to spatial resolution of satellite imagery and to suggest any corrective measures for improving the methodology. The results indicate that impervious classes are found to be underestimated and vegetations are overestimated in low-resolution Landsat images due to the presence of sparsely located hilly settlements. Impervious areas that are underestimated were correctly traced by the use of building footprints for the area, which also prevents overestimation of the pervious group. The study clearly indicates...


Ronald J. Baker is collecting a loyal audience as he continues his quest 'to bury the billable hour and trash the timesheet'. The following is an excerpt from an interview in 'The Complete Lawyer'.


The effect of a pyrimidine analog, the 2-thio-5-methylcytosine, on the synthesis of RNA and DNA nucleic fractions of Walker carcinosarcoma has been investigated by a modified autoradiegraphie technique and by radiochemical determinations. Results obtained by the two methods are illustrated and compared, and their meaning is discussed. It is pointed out that the occurrence of the induced effect is likely dependent on the hematic and tissue levels of the substance, according to the different administration ways. The depressing action of thiopyrimidine on radiophosphorus uptake in the neoplastic tissue of the treated animals is confirmed. It is also observed that p"2 inhibition, though more marked for the DNA fraction, is also present in the RNA fraction. An interpretation is given of the correlation between autoradiographical and radiochemical results and histological ones (mitotic coefficient).


The invention provides a method for low-correlation one-way cross-domain identity authentication based on private key. The method comprises the following steps: a user registers a user name in a common ID server and the system allocates a common ID to the user if the registration is successful; the user logins to the common ID server to acquire the authenticated ID; the user clicks the link of a Website in the common ID server and the common ID server transfers the common ID of the user and a relevant key to the Website; the Website receives the parameters transferred from the common ID server, if determining the first visit, allocates the user name to the user by use of the acquired two parameters (i.e. common ID and key) and calls a log-in module to succeed in the identity authentication; and if determining the second visit, the Website calls the log-in module to succeed in the identity authentication by use of the acquired two parameters (i.e. common ID and key). The method is applied to the log-in procedure bound to the mobile telephone number of the user and the multiple internet application names of the user in the mobile internet, and has the advantages of good privacy property, easy use, convenience for network management and strong applicability.


According to the statistic of the literary quotation from The Book of Songs in Cao Zhi's works,the analysis and the summary of Cao Zhi's inheritance and innovations on the quotation from The Book of Songs in "The Nineteen Ancient Poems" are done,and then the origin of Cao Zhi artistic style and the change of literature value are also discussed on the basis of the analysis.


IDMA is one of key technologies in the fourth generation of mobile telecommunication.For making it closer to the multiple access channel(MAC) capacity limits,an IDMA system based on LDPC codes is presented.Based on the performance comparision between the purposed system and the Convolutional Coded IDMA systems over AWGN Channel,it has been found that,with the SNR increased,performance curves of this system with multi users are close to that with single user gradually;performance of it with 16 users is about 2.6 dB away from the MAC capacity limits at the bit error rate of 10-6,but that of the traditional systems is about 6.0dB away in the same condition.It is obvious that the designed system is closer to the MAC capacity limits,and can obtain more coding gains.In practical application,it is very suitable for high-speed transmission operation.


In the current era advertisement as an element of promotional mix plays an important role in the sustenance of the organization by identifying and introduction of products. Because advertisement is one of most common marketing tools to develop in the market. In order to choose a good promotional mix in production sector of sport industry, the comments of 30 marketing managers of sport products companies were collected by responding to research-built questionnaires of promotional mix and AIDA model. Validity [face and content validity] of the questionnaire was verified by the related experts and their reliability was proved due to inconsistency ratio of the questionnaires that was less than [0.1]. To analyze the data AHP method and [Expert choice 11] software is used. According to the results at fourth level, in advertisement tools, TV with weight [0.522] was the most important factor. At third level among promotional mix tools, advertisement with the weight [0.396] and at second level in AIDA tools attention with the weight of [0.437] were significant. The results based on AIDA model at fourth level, show that for customers attention and interest and act to purchase, TV with the final weight of [0.510], [0.496] and [0.499] respectively had the highest importance in comparison with other advertisement tools. Also, the results at third level based on AIDA showed that from attention aspect, advertisement with the weight of [0.391], from interest to purchase, sales promotion with the weight of [0.359] and from act to purchase, personal selling with the weight of [0.440] are more significant. Considering the high completion between the companies and rapid growth of markets and also rapid changes in consumers behaviors, choosing a good promotional mix and prioritization of its tools help the promotion of marketing goals.


A Pt field emitter with two adjacent emission sites was fabricated by electron-beam induced deposition (EBID). The interference of electron waves in field emission from artificially fabricated two different points was observed for the first time. The observed interference fringes were well reproduced by the Young's interference. These results draw a possibility of the new devices based on the interference of the coherent electrons in vacuum


The paper analyzes a family of dynamic trading strategies which do not rely on any stochastic process assumptions aside from continuity and positivity and in particular do not require predicting future volatilities. Derivative payoffs can still be replicated, except that this occurs at the stopping time at which the "realized cumulative squared volatility" hits a predetermined level. The application of these results to portfolio insurance is emphasized, and hedging strategies studied by Black and Jones and by Brennan and Schwartz are generalized. Classical results on European-style options arise as special cases. For example, the initial cost of replicating a call or a put under the new method is given by a generalized Black-Scholes formula, which yields the ordinary Black-Scholes formula when the volatility is derterministic.


8523Background: Adjuvant CTx is the standard of care in stage II and IIIA NSCLC, but its value in AJCC6 stage IB NSCLC (T2N0M0) is unclear. Guidelines suggest consideration of adjuvant CTx for stag...


We present evidence that the properties of the high-velocity cloud cata-logued as #187 by Wakker & van Woerden (1991) (HVC287+22+240) can be explained if it is part of a leading arm counterpart of the Magellanic Stream, and we use this to argue that the HVC originated in the Magellanic Clouds after a tidal interaction.


This paper analyzed the distribution and reasons of Salinization and Alkalization Soil in Manasi River Watershed by using the remote images.The results showed that the natural and man-made factors are the major reasons to form the Soil Salinization and Alkalization.In order to solve the problems, we put forward the ameliorable measures which are to practice avoiding seepage ditches and water-saving irrigation, form complete set the irrigation and drainage system, set up the new produce and technology system, etc.


Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is one of the noncoding triplet repeats expansion disorders, causing a typical disease features such as myotonia and progressive muscle weakness. Neonates with congenital myotonic dystrophy type 1 (CDM) most commonly involves hypotonia, respiratory distress, and/or feeding difficulties, unlike the characteristic features of adult onset DM1 1) . It is well known that the obstetric complications are significantly increased in women with


Much attention has focused on prompt, accurate identification and treatment of depression and anxiety in primary care settings. Less is known about what to do when treatment is unsuccessful or the initial opportunity to intervene is missed. The long-term prognosis of depression and anxiety in primary care settings is not good: half of sufferers experience a relapsing remitting course and a quarter become chronic. There is also a relationship between chronicity and high service utilisation. The label "heartsink" has sometimes


Activating mutations in NOTCH1 are common in T-cell lymphoblastic leukemias (T-ALL), making this receptor a promising target for drugs such as gamma-secretase inhibitors (GSIs), which block NOTCH1 activation. However, enthusiasm for these therapies has been tempered by tumor resistance and the paucity of information on the oncogenic programs regulated by NOTCH1. Here, we identify the loss of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene and activation of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway as critical factors that determine the resistance of T-ALL cells to inhibition of NOTCH1 signaling with GSIs. Mutational loss of PTEN is found in 17% of T-ALL cases and in the majority of T-ALL cell lines. Importantly, 8/8 T-ALL lines sensitive to NOTCH inhibition with GSIs retain wild type PTEN , while this tumor suppressor is lost in 8/8 GSI-resistant T-ALLs analyzed (P<0.001). Furthermore, both the expression of a constitutively active form of AKT (Myr AKT) and PTEN shRNA knockdown induced resistance to GSIs in T-ALLs and promoted cell growth, proliferation and glucose metabolism. The close association between GSI resistance and PTEN loss prompted us to analyze the interaction between NOTCH1 signaling and the PI3K-AKT pathway. Analysis of normal and leukemic T-cells demonstrated that NOTCH1 signaling regulates PTEN expression and AKT signaling. Thus, inhibition of NOTCH1 with GSIs results in transcriptional upregulation of PTEN and concomitant downregulation of PI3K/AKT signaling in T-ALL. A similar effect -transcriptional upregulation of Pten upon loss of Notch signaling- was observed in primary mouse thymocytes, which are highly dependent on Notch1 to sustain the activity of the Akt signaling pathway. ChIP-on-chip and reporter assays demonstrate that regulation of PTEN is mediated by HES1, a transcriptional repressor directly controlled by NOTCH1. In agreement with these observations, HES1 shRNA knockdown induced transcriptional upregulation of PTEN in T-ALL cells. These results were perfectly recapitulated in a Drosophila model of Notch-induced tumorigenesis. Thus, activation of Notch signaling via expression of Delta and activation of the PI3K-AKT pathway by Akt showed marked synergism in tumor formation in the fly eye. Importantly, also in Drosophila , activation of Akt reverses the growth defect phenotype induced by the loss of Notch signaling, highlighting the importance of the interaction between these two pathways for the control of cell growth. Finally, we proposed that mutational loss of PTEN could induce an oncogene addition switch that makes T-ALL cells resistant to NOTCH inhibitors but enhanced their sensitivity to AKT inhibitors. Treatment with SH-6, a phosphatidylinositol analog inhibitor of AKT, showed a strong antileukemic effect against GSI-resistant/PTEN-null T-ALLs but not against GSI-sensitive/PTEN-positive cells, confirming this hypothesis. These results demonstrate the importance of the interaction of NOTCH1 with the PI3K-AKT pathway in T-cell homeostasis and response to therapy and provide the basis for the design of new therapeutic strategies for T-ALL.


This paper introduces the explosive demolition of cofferdam and rock-dyke of water conveyance tunnel on Dachaoshan Hydropower Station. It recounts the selection of blasting plan, the design of blasting paramagnets and firing circuit, the design of blasting safe and protection, construction technical mersure.


Intestinal macrophages (Mϕ) play significant roles in maintaining homeostasis by the efficient elimination of foreign particles in the large intestine. However, functional complement receptors have not been fully identified. In this study, we showed that a complement receptor of the Ig superfamily (CRIg, also known as Z39Ig), a receptor for complement fragments (C3b and iC3b), was expressed on a subset of intestinal Mϕ in murine and human large intestine. When abilities of uptake of antigens of murine CRIg+ Mϕ were examined, intestinal CRIg+ Mϕ displayed less endocytic and similar phagocytic abilities compared to resident peritoneal F4/80+CRIg− Mϕ and F4/80+CRIg+ Mϕ. Additionally, we found that a significant portion of C3b-dependent phagocytosis by large intestinal Mϕ involves CRIg, emphasizing the importance of efficient mechanisms to eliminate foreign particles in the large intestine. On the other hand, intestinal Mϕ from 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-treated mice had decreased CRIg expression but increased CD11b expression, implying some contribution to the removal of immune complexes. This study will shed new light on opsonization and phagocytosis by large intestinal Mϕ.


Abstract : The concentration of particles in the water column was correlated with turbulence in the boundary layer of experimental underwater vehicle B-1 in Dabob Bay, Washington, in 1979. With the advent of field testing of experimental vehicle LDV-2 in the same location, a more comprehensive particle sampling program was implemented in 1980. From samplings taken from August through December 1980, the average total number of particles in the size range 50 - 2000 micrometers was 14,063/cu m. During the same time period, fecal pellets in the size range 100 - 1000 micrometers averaged 7399/cu m, or 53 percent of the total particles observed. For all sampling dates, particle sizes of 3.6 to about 50 micrometers, as determined by a Coulter Counter, were the most abundant, averaging 3181 x 10 to the 6th power/cu m, or five orders of magnitude greater than the larger particles taken by the net. For the 74 micrometers mesh net samples, 72 percent of the particles fell within the size range of 100 - 500 micrometers. Thirteen percent of the particles were in the size range of 50 - 100 micrometers. Fourteen percent of the particles were in the size range of 500 - 1000 micrometers, whereas less than 1 percent were in the range above 1000 micrometers. (Author)


This paper presents a pipelined Adaptive Viterbi algorithm of rate 1⁄2 convolutional coding with a constraint length K = 3 which is designed in a reconfigurable hardware to take full advantage of algorithm parallelism, specialization and the throughput rate. In present work, the hardware implementation of the pipelined Adaptive Viterbi algorithm is performed using FPGA processor (Spartan-3AN starter Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) kit), and ModelSim simulation results are performed to ensure that the implemented scheme satisfy the design specification. On the other hand, processing time, power consumption, and design capacity should be studied well for real time implementation.


Treaties — Interpretation — UNESCO Convention concerning the Protection of the World's Cultural and Natural Heritage, 1972 — Cultural and natural heritage — Obligations with regard to World Heritage Sites on the territory of a State party — Protection of the Semmering Railway World Heritage Site in environmental impact assessment proceedings — The law of Austria


Following the observation of the large isotopic effect in D2 passivated gate dielectrics [J. Lyding, K. Hess, and I. C. Kizilyalli, Appl. Phys. Lett. 68, 2526 (1996)], we studied the behavior of deuterium in ultrathin SiO2 films by nuclear reaction analysis techniques. Accurate concentrations of deuterium in the films, deuterium depth distributions, and deuterium removal from the film upon thermal annealing in vacuum have been examined. For D2 passivated films, we found rather high concentrations of deuterium near the SiO2/Si interface, well above both the solubility of deuterium in silica and the maximum concentration of electrically active defects at the interface. Our results suggest a complex multistep mechanism of thermally activated deuterium removal from the film, which probably consists of D detrapping, diffusion, and desorption steps.


We describe and illustrate the modeling issues in the design of a system for validation of knowledge based systems (KBSs). the domain of such a validation system is "KBSs and their validation problems." the basic idea in our solution is the following. Since different KBSs may use different knowledge representation languages, we first represent the target KBS (i.e., the KBS to be validated) in a general formal model of KBS, and then validate it in this form. the advantage of this strategy is that validation problem solving needs only to refer to the common language of the general formal model. We present a set of possible conceptual abstraction levels in such a model, and argue that each level is associated with a related view on validation problems. Since high level characterizations are difficult to abstract from current knowledge representation languages, we consider the formal aspects of modeling mainly at the "lowest" level, the so‐called inference primitive level. We illustrate the approach by formalizing a solution for selected modeling issues at this level.


Recent advances in neuromorphic engineering for brain-like computing and neural prostheses are converging towards realization of electronic synaptic arrays approaching the integration density and energy efficiency of the human brain. A major impediment in this development is the real-time synaptic routing in a large-scale spiking neuron architecture. Here we present a hierarchical address-event routing (HiAER) communication architecture for routing neural events in a scaleable reconfigurable large-scale neuromorphic system. The neural events are routed in real-time through synaptic connections with configurable parameters governing connectivity, synaptic strength, and axonal delay. The HiAER architecture is implemented on a hardware platform with five Xilinx Spartan-6 FPGA cores.


This paper proposes a multichannel information-recording setup that uses a multipulse sequence of exciting pulses and the locking effect of photon-echo signals.


Even though the urban construction and traffic network of Lanzhou have had evident development recently,because of the distinct river valley character and the unique narrow ribbon landform,facing the actuality that there are faster urbanization process and more and more severe conflict of gross and structure between traffic demand and supply,the measure and countermeasure must be took on the urban traffic network of Lanzhou in order to adapt the rapid development in urban construction and to construct own urban characteristic.The measure and countermeasure include regulating and controlling the traffic demand,consolidating the optimized deploy of traffic resource and increasing the approach of efficient traffic supply.From the point of view of urban plan,this paper tables a proposal on the reasonable layout of traffic network and construction direction in urban plan of Lanzhou.


This paper aims to introduce the notion of information effects in the study of second-order elections. Its structure is as follows. Section one elaborates on the notion of information effects and highlights key findings from previous empirical studies. Section two discusses how the most influential theory of voting behaviour in European elections can be further clarified by taking the notion of information effects into account. In the course of this, it offers competing information-based explanations for some previously observed empirical anomalies for the theory of second order elections. The competing theories are shown to have surprisingly different implications about how changes in the context of European elections can ameliorate the second order nature of these contests. Section three discusses the statistical models and the data. Section four tests the explanations developed in section one on data collected in 20 European countries shortly after the June 2004 elections. Nearly any human behaviour can be explained in either motivational terms, arguing that the actors had a particular set of preferences, or with a reference to the information that the actors had about the means of achieving their ends under imperfectly known circumstances. The central ambition of this paper is 142 Gábor Tóka to demonstrate that it makes important differences for our understanding of second-order elections and their causes if we explain observed regularities in aggregate outcomes with motivational or information-based theories of micro-behaviour. A sketch of the key arguments and the way I propose to test them is provided in Figures 1 to 3. This first section of the paper explains how information can have an impact on behaviour if preferences are fixed. The impact of both specific and general political knowledge on voting behaviour is ubiquitous. As path-breaking research by Zaller (1992) demonstrated, well-informed citizens are ceteris paribus more likely than information underdogs to update their attitudes and political preferences according to new information. The former are far more likely to receive, comprehend in context, retain in memory, and recall such information when needed (see also Zaller 1996). But everything else is rarely equal: the more informed people are, the more previous knowledge prepares them to resist being swayed by any news. Hence, citizens' political attitudes and choices are intricately, but clearly, linked to their general political information levels. In other words, political attitudes and choices are subject to information effects. It is almost trivial to suggest that specific pieces of …


The ground state properties of the two-dimensional $J_1-J_2$-model are very challenging to analyze via classical numerical methods due to the high level of frustration. This makes the model a promising candidate where quantum computers could be helpful and possibly explore regimes that classical computers cannot reach. The $J_1-J_2$-model is a quantum spin model composed of Heisenberg interactions along the rectangular lattice edges and along diagonal edges between next-nearest neighbor spins. We propose an ansatz for the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) to approximate the ground state of an antiferromagnetic $J_1-J_2$-Hamiltonian for different lattice sizes and different ratios of $J_1$ and $J_2$. Moreover, we demonstrate that this ansatz can work without the need for gates along the diagonal next-nearest neighbor interactions. This simplification is of great importance for solid state based hardware with qubits on a rectangular grid, where it eliminates the need for SWAP gates. In addition, we provide an extrapolation for the number of gates and parameters needed for larger lattice sizes, showing that these are expected to grow less than quadratically in the qubit number up to lattice sizes which eventually can no longer be treated with classical computers.


In this paper,an analysis is made on the data generation procession of money supply and price in china,using the theory of structural change and CUSUMSQ test.The result indicate that money supply and price are submitted to the unit root procession and stable trend of structural change,and have characteristic of "path dependence"it is discrepancy of DGP that gives rise to the trend of "deviation" between money supply and price.


Based on the physics of acoustic emission signals, a model in the form of a composition of continuous and discrete acoustic emission. The basic characteristics of probabilistic discrete, continuous acoustic emission, and composition thereof. It is shown that the information content of cumulant, cumulant coefficients for solving the problem of increasing the reliability of the detection signal of the discrete acoustic emission in the background continuously. Studied the laws of the distribution of these signals, found that for the analysis of the laws of distribution of the proposed model it is advisable to use the characteristic function, the parameters of which are Poisson spectral functions.


Autonomous Vehicles (AVs), also known as self-driving cars, are becoming more prevalent in our daily lives. AVs rely on sensor information to evaluate their environment and make crucial decisions in real-time, however, new attacks can create false sensor and actuation commands. As technological advancements expand the usage of AVs to perform more complex tasks, it is imperative to secure the integrity of these devices against malicious external tampering. In this paper, we propose a security framework we call Shared Reality, which consists of verifying that sensors perceive the same physical reality. We implement our design on a custom hardware platform that uses the popular Robot Operating System (ROS) software. Our experiments show that AVs utilizing our proposed security framework ensure security with low overhead while performing several autonomous tasks.


The present paper is the fifth part of the systematic studies of the Alpheid fauna(Crustacea,Decapoda)of the China seas.The genus Arete is treated here by the present authors as a valid genus,but not as a junior synonym of Athanas Leach(A.H.Banner and Banner,D.M.,1960),because that the 4-segmented carpus of the 2nd pereiopod found by Kemp(1915:295)in Athanas polymorphus is only a variation among individuals within the species.The main differences between the two genera are the carpus article number of second leg and the carpus shape of first leg.A total of 3 species of the genus Arete Stimpson,1860,are reported in the paper,of which A.borradailei Coutiere is recorded for the first time from the China seas.Descriptions of new recorded species and key to known species in the world are given.All examined specimens are deposited in the Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences.


European requirements for research projects demand a high level of organization to show efficiency and effectiveness in order to be deemed successful.This is achieved through careful planning and execution, a clearly organized timeline and periodic reporting of results by the research team.This study identifies key categories of quality control in R&D&i project management. 934 research project managers in 20 universities throughout Spain were surveyed, and a framework of best practices was established which defined four standards of successful research projects.Results showed that within the projects surveyed quality control,risk management and communication were below established European standards, and require further scrutiny.


The sexual behavior of male giant panda named Wan Wan raised in the Xi'an Zoowas observed. It had copulated successively with three female giant pandas during themating season from 1986 to 1991. Four survivals of six foteus at five births were gottenby the mounting thirty-three times and copulated twenty-one times of male giant panda.Some information of male sexual behavior were obtained , such as mounting andcopulatory posture, time and vocalization of copulation as well as the capacity for eattingreduction and the change of activities.


The present invention, (A) (meth) acrylate equivalent weight of 100 or less (meth) acrylic acid compounds; (B) (meth) acrylate (meth) acrylic equivalent of 120 to 300 range compounds; (C) a thermosetting resin and / or the high energy beam-curable resin; And (D), it relates to a coating composition for a lubricating film containing one kind of solid Yun Hwalje. The composition according to the present invention can form a resin film having a high adhesion to the surface of the base material of different type by a heating and / or high-energy beam irradiation.


Author(s): Keen, Ian | Abstract: I review A. R. Radcliffe-Brown's approach to the classification of Australian Aboriginal kinship terminologies and marriage systems, including revisions by A. P. Elkin. I contrast Radcliffe-Brown's approach to typology with those of Levi-Strauss and Scheffler, and I trace the way in which certain of Radcliffe-Brown's categories have become standardised in the anthropological literature. Following a discussion of approaches to classification, I propose a new classification of Australian systems and examine the frequency and spatial distribution of the proposed types.


It is difficult to identify the compensation entity unanimously because of the variety and instability of damage compensa-tion of motor vehicle accident.Operation control and operation interest are the two general principles to identify the damage compensation liability entity of traffic accident according to the theory of hazard liability and compensation lia-bility.The identity of liability entities of motor vehicle accidents under various circumstances is analyzed accordingly.


Under the background of "Internet +"education, Internet teaching has become a teaching way to leverage the teaching reform and promote the development of students. It is found that there are significant differences in the development of teachers in the eastern, central and western regions, and teachers in primary and primary schools teachers' Internet teaching are the best. It need to improve the infrastructure, to carry out related training, selecting pilot schools, further enhance the level of national basic education teachers Internet teaching development.


We formulate a problem of finding a defeating reply for a chatbot to conclude the user session. Defeating reply is expected to attack the user claims concerning a product usability and interaction with a customer support and provide an authoritative conclusive answer to attempt to satisfy this user. We develop reasoning technique to build a representation of a logical argument from discourse structure and reason about it. Our evaluation also involves a machine learning approach and confirms that a hybrid system assures the best performance finding a defeating answer from a set of search result candidates


The purpose of this review is to analyze evidence on prevalence of opioid, alcohol and marijuana use during pregnancy and answer the PICOT question: In pregnant women addicted to or using marijuana, opioids, and alcohol, how do non-pharmacological interventions, compared to standard care of pharmacological interventions alone, affect health outcomes in mothers and neonates from birth to hospital discharge? Diagnosis of substance use disorder among pregnant women is increasing and with it comes increased risk of complications to mother and neonate including neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS), fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and other negative neonatal and maternal outcomes. Evidence was reviewed from the online databases, PubMed and CINAHL. Twenty studies from 2013-2018 were reviewed. Interventions included specialized comprehensive care, individual care, motivational interviewing (MI), and brief intervention. There was limited research about the topic, indicating a need for more research to find the most effective non-pharmacological interventions for these populations. INTERVENTIONS FOR DRUG USE IN PREGNANCY 3 There is a rising substance abuse epidemic in the United States (Krans, Bobby, England, Gedeko, Change, Maguire, Genday, & English, 2018) that affects vulnerable populations who may be especially susceptible to health-related complications. This epidemic includes pregnant mothers abusing opioids, alcohol, or marijuana and their neonates affected by this abuse. Recent studies have shown that between 1998 and 2011, opioid use among pregnant women has increased 127% (Krans et al., 2018). A substantial number of women, against recommendations, continue to drink alcohol during pregnancy (Savory, Couves, & Burns, 2014). The rate of marijuana use has also significantly increased in the past 15 years (Coleman-Cowger, Oga, Peters, & Mark, 2018). Due to the increase of substance abuse in pregnancy, both the pregnant mothers and neonates are affected negatively (Krans et al., 2018). Opioid related deaths from overdose have quadrupled since 1999 in the U.S., resulting in about 78 deaths per day (Metz, Brown, Martins, & Palamar, 2017). With the increase in opioid use in pregnant mothers, more children are being born with Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) (Metz, Brown, Martins, & Palamar, 2017). Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome is a withdrawal syndrome exhibited by opioid-dependent neonates. This syndrome is characterized by a wide variety of signs and symptoms including feeding difficulties, tremors/seizures, high pitched cries, poor body temperature control, and other symptoms similar to that of opioid withdrawal (Patrick, Dudley, Martin, Harrell, Warren, Hatmann, & Cooper, 2018). Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome is extremely dangerous and can lead to neonatal deaths. Hospital costs for opioid addicted mothers and neonates have risen from $32 million in 2009 to $1.5 billion in 2012 (Metz, Brown, Martins, & Palamar, 2017). In reproductive-aged women, around one-third have a prescription for an opioid analgesic (Bakhireva, Shrestha, Garrison, Leeman, Rayburn, & INTERVENTIONS FOR DRUG USE IN PREGNANCY 4 Stephen, 2018). It is evident that this problem is a significant crisis in the U.S. and calls for further attention, especially from nurses who manage the care of these women and neonates. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy is important to study because it results in harmful risks in both mothers and neonates. Consumption of alcohol during pregnancy increases risk for certain fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD), such as fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), partial fetal alcohol syndrome, and alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (May, Chambers, Kalberg, Zellner, Feldman, Buckley, Kopald, Hasken, Xu, Honerkamp-Smith, Taras, Manning, Robinson, Adam, Abdul-Rahman, Vaux, Jewett, Elliott, Kable, Akshoomoff, Falk, Arroyo, Hereld, Riley, Charness, Coles, Warren, Jones, & Hoyme, 2018). Approximately 30.3% of United States pregnancies are affected by prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) (May et al., 2018). FASDs are associated with lifelong neurodevelopmental and behavioral disabilities in children, yet these disorders have received little attention in the research on prevention or treatment strategies (May et al., 2018). Marijuana is one of the most commonly used illicit substances during pregnancy (Mark, Desai, & Terplan, 2015). Within the last decade, marijuana abuse in pregnancy has increased 35% (Mark, Desai, & Terplan, 2015). Use of marijuana during pregnancy increases risk in pregnancy and neonatal development. These risks include preterm labor, low birth weight, stillbirth, and neonatal intensive care unit admissions (Mark, Desai, & Terplan, 2015), as well as differences in neonatal behaviors (Coleman-Cowger, Oga, Peters, & Mark, 2018). These risks have been shown to decrease or become nonexistent with effective preventative interventions and treatments (Mark, Desai, & Terplan, 2015). Because the harms of marijuana use for a pregnant woman and her fetus have not been fully explored and the possibility of unknown side effects, The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends that INTERVENTIONS FOR DRUG USE IN PREGNANCY 5 pregnant women not use marijuana (2019). As marijuana use is legalized across the country (Mark, Desai, & Terplan, 2015), use in pregnant women may also increase, therefore research into adverse effects should be investigated. Hospitals around the United States are seeing an increase in neonatal repercussions related to maternal substance use and abuse (Patrick et al., 2018). Pharmacological treatments are often supplied to wean mothers and neonates off addictive substances but these alone are not enough to treat these complicated addictions. While pharmacological interventions provide beneficial outcomes in treatment by minimizing withdrawal symptoms and cravings, they cannot help prevent relapse or provide patient education on maintaining a healthy lifestyle for both mothers and children (Andrews, Motz, Pepler, Jeong, & Khoury, 2018). Addiction is a multifaceted disease which requires a multifaceted approach to treatment. Mothers who used substances also need integrated, multi-faceted interventions to support the cessation of substance use during and following pregnancy (Andrews et al., 2018). To provide the most comprehensive care, evidence based non-pharmacological interventions need to be examined, critically appraised, and applied, in addition to the standard practice of pharmacological treatment (Andrews et al., 2018). In this systematic review, evidence about the effects of supplemental nonpharmacological interventions, compared with pharmacological interventions alone, in pregnant mothers and neonates will be identified, reviewed, and critically appraised with practice recommendations advanced. The purpose of this review is to investigate evidence regarding the prevalence of opioid, alcohol, and marijuana use during pregnancy as well as nonpharmacological interventions to benefit neonate and mother. The following question will be answered: In pregnant women addicted to or using marijuana, opioids, and alcohol, how do INTERVENTIONS FOR DRUG USE IN PREGNANCY 6 supplemental non-pharmacological interventions, compared to standard care of pharmacological interventions alone, affect health outcomes in mothers and neonates between birth to hospital discharge? This is relevant to the nursing community due to the increase in diagnoses of substance abuse disorder (Patrick et al., 2018) in women and the increase in negative outcomes for neonates due to exposure to both licit and illicit substances (Andrews et al., 2018). Recent studies from the Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ("Substance Use During Pregnancy," 2019) have shown that from 1999 to 2014 opioid use in pregnancy has quadrupled. Along with this, it is proved that alcohol use in pregnancy has shown long term effects on neonates, including a variety of Fetal Alcohol Disorders (FADs) ("Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders...," 2018). There is still little research done on marijuana use during pregnancy; common known effects are low birth weight and problems concentrating as the neonate grows older ("What You Need to...," 2018). These facts further support and advocate for the need for nurses to gain knowledge of this subject and more research to be done.


PurposeThe objective of the present study is to measure the well-being of employees who are engaged in frontline roles and actively engrossed in frequent regulation and management of emotions while performing interpersonal interactions. The study has conceptualised the comprehensive model to measure employee well-being with three work-related dimensions, namely work engagement, burnout and job satisfaction in emotional work settings.Design/methodology/approachThe study has been conducted on employees of the civil aviation industry in North India working on various frontline profiles. Data have been collected from 600 employees through a pretested questionnaire, and structural equation modelling (SEM) has been performed to test the hypothesis.FindingsThe findings of the study have revealed that all three dimensions, namely work engagement, burnout and job satisfaction are statistically significant measures of employee well-being in emotional work settings. Also, the study has determined that employees are highly satisfied and engaged at work despite having a feeling of burnout.Research limitations/implicationsThe study has enriched the literature by presenting and analysing a comprehensive model of employee well-being in emotional work settings of the civil aviation industry.Practical implicationsThe study will aid the various service industries in the framing of the intervention and training programs, which would help in promoting the well-being of employees who are specifically engaged in emotional work.Social implicationsThe study is very substantial in offering various parameters over which national well-being policies for individuals can be framed.Originality/valuePriorly, very few studies have attempted to recognise the role of the aforementioned variables in emotional work settings in a comprehensive manner. Further, the study has emphasised the unrecognised role of job satisfaction and work engagement where burnout is prevailing due to the presence of high emotional job demands.


To analyze the structure and dimensions of human chondrosarcoma proteoglycans, proteoglycan subunits and aggregates from eight human chondrosarcomas were examined by electron microscopy. The tumors, identified as malignant neoplasms of cartilage by their clinical presentation and their radiographic and histological appearance, were graded as follows: Grade-I hya!ine (one), Grade-Il hyaline (five), Grade-Il myxoid (one), and Grade-Ill myxoid (one). Proteoglycans synthesized by chondrosarcoma chondrocytes had the same basic structure as proteog!ycans synthesized by normal chondrocytes. The chondrosarcoma proteoglycan subunits consisted of a central core filament representing the core protein, with multiple projecting side-chains consisting primarily of chondroitin sulphate. The core filament had two distinct segments: a thin segment with few if any sidechains and a thick segment with multiple side-chains. Chondrosarcoma proteoglycan aggregates consisted of a single unbranched central filament, representing hyaluronic acid, with multiple attached subunits. Although they had the same basic structure as hyaline-cartilage proteoglycans , chondrosarcoma proteog!ycans differed in their dimensions. The chondroitin sulphate chains of chondrosarcoma subunits had a significantly greater average length than those of normal bovine hyaline-cartilage subunits, and the mean length of the subunit core filaments was shorter than that found in norma! cartilage. Chondrosarcoma proteoglycan aggregates were smaller than aggregates from normal hyaline cartilage. They had shorter hyaluronic-acid filaments and their subunits were fewer, more widely spaced, and shorter. The chondroitin sulphate chain length of chondrosarcoma subunits may indicate that some malignant chondrocytes have a genetically determined ability to synthesize longer chains of chondroitin sulphate. The shorter subunit core filaments in chondrosarcoma may be due to a difference in protein synthesis, or perhaps to degradation of the core proteins in the matrix. Wider spacing between chondrosarcoma subunits on aggregates may reflect degradation but also may mdicate a relative excess of hyaluronic acid, an abnormality in the synthesis of aggregate components, or inhibition of aggregate formation in the chondrosarcoma matrix. * Department of Orthopaedics, Veterans Administration Medical Center and the University of Iowa. Iowa City, Iowa 52242. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Synthesis of an abundant cartilaginous matrix containing a high concentration of proteoglycans distinguishes chondrosarcomas from many other malignant tumors and may contribute significantly to their growth. Cartilage tumors can present difficult clinical problems because they vary greatly in their natural history, histological appearance, and malignancy. In addition, their histological appearance does not always correlate directly with their behavior, making it difficult to reliably identify benign and malignant cartilage neoplasms. This study indicates that although the dimensions of chondrosarcoma proteoglycans vary considerably among tumors, patterns of differences exist between chondrosarcoma matrix proteoglycans and proteoglycans from normal hyaline cartilage. Future investigation of these differences may advance understanding of the synthetic and degradative processes taking place within chondrosarcomas, providing insight into the behavior of these tumors and clarifying the features that characterize malignant neoplasms of cartilage. Chondnosamcomas form a distinct but diverse group of malignant neoplasms. Despite extensive study oven the last century, they remain poorly understood. Indeed, distinguishing a chondrosarcoma from a benign tumor of camtilage may prove difficult. In 1858 Virchow82 recognized the existence of malignant cartilage lesions and the potential difficulty in separating benign and malignant cartilage tumors. He emphasized that ' 'cartilaginous tumors (enchondromata) which were formerly described as unquestionably benignant sometimes occur in soft and gelatinous forms, which may occasion such internal metastases as cancer properly so called". Subsequent investigations have defined the features common to chondmosancomas that separate them from other sarcomas commonly arising in bone38'45 61, identified variants of the classic chondrosarcoma 14,16,19.44.66. 69.81 and demonstrated a wide spectrum of clinical presentation , pathological features , and biological behavion 15.20.21 .26,:t:I,51 .52.55,69 Despite their diversity , all chondrosarcomas share the common feature of malignant cells forming a cartilaginous matrix that in most lesions histologically resembles the matrix of normal hyaline cartilage'520'21'26 '52' 5'69. Regions of the matrix may calcify but the cells do not form bone or osteoid. Most chondrosarcomas arise from bone; however, they can develop from extra-osseous tissue88, including the lung7t. In contrast with other malignant lesions, most chondrosarcoma THE STRUCTURE OF HUMAN CHONDROSARCOMA PROTEOGLYCANS 959 VOL. 65-A, NO. 7, SEPTEMBER 1983 cells do not proliferate rapidly50, but they do incorporate sulphate and synthesize matrix at a greaten rate than norma! cartilage cells do627'28'87. Mankin et al.5#{176} suggested that the majority of cartilage tumors grow primarily by matrix synthesis rather than by rapid cell proliferation. This unusual mechanism of tumor growth makes understanding the chondrosarcoma matrix especially important. It also may explain why chondmosancomas expand more slowly than tumors like osteosarcomas, and why many of them respond poorly to treatments that are directed at inhibition of DNA synthesis, such as chemotherapy and radiation thenapy20 #{176}. Review of large numbers of chondrosarcomas has identified three variants of the classic chondmosarcoma that differ in clinical presentation, histological structure, and behavior: the mesenchyma! ' 6. 19.3.5,44.66 , 69.81 and dedifferentiated ' 4.69 chondrosarcomas. Even with these variants excluded from consideration, the remaining group of classic chondrosamcomas exhibits a remarkable mange of behavior and histological appearance. The histological variability among tumors allows them to be classified according to histological grade of malignancy, and several large series have demonstrated a relationship between histological grade and behavior .26,:Ui.a ,69 Unfortunately , the relationship is not strong enough to be predictive of the behavior of dentam individual tumors. Histologically low-grade chondrosarcomas on apparently benign neoplasms of cartilage may be very aggressive, while histologically highgrade tumors may exhibit little tendency to expand or metastasize. In addition to the variability among tumors, histological variability exists within individual lesions, which may contain areas of low-grade malignancy mixed with areas of high-grade malignancy. A single tumor may also contain necrotic tissue along with hyaline cartilage, myxoid areas, fibrocartilage, and calcified cartilage. The histological divensity of cells and matrix suggests that the chondrocytes within a tumor can demonstrate a wide spectrum of biological behavior. This suggestion agrees with the concept that malignant neoplasms may not contain a uniform population of cells but rather may possess subpopulations of cells with different phenotypes in respect to growth rate, karyotype, cell-surface receptors, response to cytotoxic drugs, capacity for invasion and metastasis2 '39'62, and perhaps synthetic function. Although the characteristics of the matrix molecules reflect not only the synthetic function of the cells but also the effects of degradation in the matrix, examination of these molecules provides an opportunity to study the products of malignant chondmocytes and to determine if they differ from those produced by normal cells. Unfortunately, the search for a clear biochemical index of cartilage malignancy has proved frustmating6 16 3152 7 6075'78. As in cartilage from other sources, the tumor matrix consists of water and structural macromolecules, mostly collagen and proteoglycans .7,31 .188.8.131.52O.73.78 Careful analysis of cartilage tumors has demonstrated wide variations in matrix composition among tumors and relative independence of differences in composition and degree of malignancy51'52. Other work has shown that chondrosarcoma proteoglycans, like those from hyaline cartilage, exist on two levels of organization: subunits or monomers formed by chains of chondroitin and kematin sulphate covalently bound to protein core filaments, and aggregates formed by the noncovalent association of small proteins called link proteinslh77, subunits, and hyaluronic acid filaments60. The cell synthesizes these components of the aggregate and secretes them into the matrix where the aggregates are assembled42. As judged by sedimentation properties, chondrosarcoma proteoglycans, subunits, and aggregates are about the same size as those from normal human anticulan cartilage60. In an attempt to discover a better method of assessing the malignancy of cartilage tumors, Mankin et 51 .52 developed a histological-biochemical classification system. They divided cartilage tumors by histological pattern: clear-cell, myxoid, fibrocartilaginous, mixed, and hyaline. The clear-cell lesions were thought to form a separate group, probably of low-grade malignancy. The other non-hyaline tumors were all malignant, and the majority demonstrated a high degree of malignancy. The hyaline tumors comprised the majority, forty-eight of seventy-four samples, and consisted ofa mixture of benign and malignant lesions. In this group biochemical analysis revealed a possible means of differentiating benign from malignant lesions: the pmoteoglycan subunits of malignant lesions had longer chondmoitin sulphate chains and shorter kenatan sulphate chains. This observation agrees with the data from another biochemical study of chondrosarcoma pmoteoglycans, which demonstrated


The focus of this study was to explore the relocatees' livelihood assets and activity. The study employed qualitative research methodology. The main primary data collection methods were semi-structured interview, key informant interview, focus group discussion and observation. Relocating people from slum area to another location is important in providing relocatees with good housing quality and reducing women and children burden who were responsible to collect water prior to relocation. However, relocatees have been directly affected by loss of livelihood activity, social network, accessible education, transport and health services. Thus, Relocatees livelihood assets and activities would have had sustainability if slum areas had been conceived from different perspective.


Zhou Libo's prose writing was earlier than his novel writing.However,on account of his solid foundation in theory,language as well as his plentiful experience in life,his prose are characterized by diversified subject matter and earthy feeling.Accordingly,his proses are valuable both in ideology and art and are viewed as treasure in Chinese literary works.


A 0.18‐μm CMOS broadband mixer for ultra‐wideband receivers is presented. A lossy LC ladder is utilized to achieve the broadband impedance match at the RF port. This circuit achieves high conversion gain of 10.4 dB, with 3‐dB bandwidth from 0.3 to 10.9 GHz and low power consumption of 15 mW under 2.5‐V supply voltage. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 220–222, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23050


This paper reports the findings of investigations into the performance of SPECT corrections for photon attenuation, distance-dependent resolution loss and photon scatter on the absolute and relative quantitative accuracy of myocardial perfusion studies. The measurements of myocardial wall thickness and myocardial infarct size were used to estimate the accuracy of the absolute and relative quantitative accuracy, respectively. A series of phantom studies were performed and additional information was gathered from a group of 37 normal patients. Each set of data was reconstructed with (1) filtered-back projection (FBP), (2) ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM), (3) OSEM plus attenuation correction (AC), (4) OSEM plus detector response compensation (DRC), (5) OSEM plus AC and DRC, and (6) OSEM plus AC, DRC and scatter correction (SC). The image analysis toolbox iQuant was used to perform the analysis. Both patient and phantom data showed SPECT image corrections to have a significant effect on myocardial wall thickness, with reconstructions involving SC providing the most accurate results. Phantom data showed that good estimates of anterior and lateral wall infarct sizes are provided by all reconstruction techniques, whereas good estimates of inferior and septal wall infarct sizes are only provided by reconstructions including AC. Accurate measurement of in fa rets in any location and of any size is only possible with SC. This analysis suggests that in order to achieve perfect quantitative accuracy of myocardial perfusion studies, corrections for photon attenuation, distance-dependent resolution loss and photon scatter should be applied. However, for routine clinical analysis involving visual interpretation and an estimate of infarct size, the application of attenuation correction and detector resolution compensation might be considered sufficient.


This paper investigates the relationship between electricity consumption, output and price in the manufacturing sector in Malaysia. We find that electricity consumption, output and price are cointegrated in the long run. In addition, it has been found that the relationship between electricity consumption and output is positive. In the long run, we find a unidirectional causality from manufacturing output to electricity consumption. This result indicates that the development of manufacturing sector stimulates greater demand for electricity. Government needs to make sure that the planning of electricity supply in the future is in line with the economic development planning to avoid shortage in electricity supply. In the short run, a unidirectional relationship runs from electricity consumption to output is found. A decrease of energy usage in production might reduce the output growth in short run. Hence, we suggest improving the efficiency of electricity usage and some cost-effective sources of energy.


It is controversial to exclude the betterment of public projects in the process of the evaluation of compensation appraisal as it...


EXPERIMENTS cited by Hill (1) have shown that in the rabbit ovulation is brought about by a neuro-secretory mechanism. Impulses induced by copulation stimu late the anterior hypophysis to discharge gonadotropic hormones, which may then act upon the ovary to produce ovulation in from ten to twelve hours. Ovulation will not take place if the hypophysis is removed within one hourafter mating (2). Hill (1) has shown that there is a progressive decrease in gonadotropic potency of the rabbit hypophysis following mating, and that the lowest level of potency is reached in about 24 hours. The discharge from the hypophysis would thus appear to continue beyond the period required for ovulation. The hormones released in the postovula tory period may therefore be availablefor the production of corpora lutea and per haps for other processes. Hill's method of analysis, using the female rabbit in estrus as the test animal, gives a measure of the gonadotropic potency only, and does not per mit an estimation of the relativ...


This work proposes an objective criterion for FIR (Finite-duration Impulse Response) digital filters design, whose coefficients have been used to directly built the orthonormal wavelet bases (F) to be applied to satellite imagery fusion. The determination of the filter order was based on the calculation of the images power to be fused (source images) and the cut-off frequency has been obtained from the optimum entropy level of these images. In this way, a tailored orthonormal basis has been determined for each source images. Besides, this criterion has allowed to integrate in a balanced way the amount of information provided by each of the images to be fused. The proposed algorithm has been tested with images registered by the Landsat 7 ETM+ (multispectral, MULTI, and panchromatic, PAN, images). The results obtained have shown that tailored orthonormal bases provides a better signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), what gives rise to a better integration of the spatial and spectral information from the sources images than standard orthonormal bases.


25th ICOM General Conference. International Conference Center, Kyoto, Japan, 1–7 September 2019
by Sheila K. HoffmanInteraction, Integration, and Flow. Researching the Museum in the Global Contemporary, Shaanxi Normal University, Xian, 15–20 September 2019
by Conal McCarthy'Amui 'i Mu'a: Ancient Futures Conference. Tanoa International Dateline Hotel, Tonga, 7–12 October 2019
by Billie Lythberg


Review of: Rebeca Haidt. Embodying Enlightenment. Knowing the Body in Eighteenth-Century Spanish Literature and Culture. New York, St. Martin's Press, 1998, 279 pp.


The clonal selection mechanism and vaccination strategy of immune system are introduced into particle swarm optimization algorithm in this paper, in order to enhance the ability of global exploration of PSO, avoiding getting into lo- cal optimum and improve the accuracy and convergence speed of BP networks. The global Cauchy mutation operator and local Gauss mutation operator are used to improve the ability of searching global optimization and the accuracy of local optimization. Then the weights and thresholds of neural networks are trained by applying the immune particle swarm op- timization. Finally the coke ratio forecasting model is established based on the modified BP neural networks optimized by immune particle swarm optimizer. The result shows the forecast accuracy is more accurate than both the BP neural net- works optimized by the standard PSO and the traditional BP neural networks, and provides an effective way to reduce the coke ratio and achieve energy conservation and emission reduction for iron and steel enterprise.


A version of the natural merge sort is shown to be an efficient method for both nearly sorted data and for random data. This method is compared with quickersort, 2‐way merge sort, and Cook and Kim's method for various sortedness ratios.


Activity- guided isolation of anti-inflammatoryactive fractionsofCyperusrotundus L. Family (Cyperaceae ) led to isolation and identification of two known compounds (Di-(2'-ethylhexyl) phthalate and Stigmasterol.The anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated by Carrageenaninduced rat paw edema. Different chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques were used for isolation and identification of the two compounds.


We have investigated the effect of substituents on the donor (benzene) and acceptor (C-H) moieties of CH/π interacting model systems 1-6 on the through-space nuclear spin-spin coupling JCH and JHH. These couplings were recently predicted by ab-initio and DFT calculations to be of the order of 0.2-0.3 Hz at the equilibrium separation. Electronic effects due to the substitution are found not to increase significantly, and often to decrease, the calculated coupling, since they involve mainly π orbitals, while the coupling is mainly transmitted through σ orbitals.


This paper investigates the specificity of a modern capitalist economy as a complex system. This investigation is based on a review of the literature to understand complexity in the physical and biological worlds, to learn the bases of complexity and self-organization, and to locate the tools used to identify and measure them. An economy has different layers and levels of organization, based upon human beings, agents that think, have intentions and change all the time. This paper presents a new model to replicate the workings of a capitalist economy that endogenizes the introduction of innovations and institutional change, and it runs a simulation. The analysis of those results indicate that a modern capitalist economy is a complex system, and that this complex system changes its level of self-organization over time. This finding highlights the peculiarity of a capitalist economy vis-a-vis other complex systems.


Based on the theory, there is difference of male and female students' in
vocabulary mastery. Female students' said more better in vocabulary mastery.in
this research, male and female students' teach in one class, one teacher and same
material in every meeting. And, should be female students' are better good than
male students'. But, in fact there is no difference of them in vocabulary mastery.
The main concern of this research is to find out the difference between
male and female students' vocabulary mastery at the second year of MTs
Muhajirin Kualu Nenas at Tambang District Kampar Regency .
There are two variables in this research namely X (male students'
vocabulary mastery) end Y (female students' vocabulary mastery ). subject of this
research was male and female second year students' of MTs Muhajirin Kualu
Nenas at Tambang Districk Kampar Regency. And, object is vocabulary mastery.
Instruments used were test and questionnaire. In research test, researcher
gave 30 objective tests, Researcher were used all of the second year students as a
sample because the only 28 students in one class.
Technique of analyzing of data was (t-test). According to Hartono
(2004:165) Tes "t" is one of the statistical formula used to know whether there is
or not significant different (surely) between different sample (two comparative
variables). Because score or result of two samples were got from different subjects
namely, male and female students. So, researcher's following formula:
t
o =
2
y
2
x
N -1
SD
N -1
SD
Mx - My


  
 
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Based on the calculation of the research, the result was 0.828 and
significant degree 5 % was 2.06 and 1 % was 2.78. So, in conclusion, the result of
the research was lower than 5% and 1% significant degree (2.06 > 0.828 < 2.78).
So, alternative hypothesis was rejected and Null hypothesis was accepted. It
means that, there is no different ability between male and female students
vocabulary mastery at the second years of MTs Muhajirin Kualu Nenas at
Tambang District Kampar Regency. So, gender do not influence vocabulary
mastery at the second year students' of MTs Muhajirin Kualu Nenas at Tambang
District Kampar Regency.


Abstract This article explores imagined geographies of health care among Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) women in Halifax and Vancouver. In expressing the possibilities and limitations of accessing care, participants frame their own experiences through spatialized narratives of how LGBTQ people are thought to be treated elsewhere. Participants' explicit connections and distinctions between Halifax and Vancouver gave insight into how their perceived difficulties in one health care context are sometimes framed by imagining more ease in accessing care in the other. We explore here the implications of these imagined, idealized spaces, which may set up false expectations that things are always better elsewhere. We reveal imagined geographies and senses of place as highly relevant features in LGBTQ women's accounts of experiences with and access to health care and expand conventional arguments about physical access to care.


AUTHOR: Colonel Ramona M. Fiorey TITLE: Mitigating PTSD: Emotionally Intelligent Leaders FORMAT: Program Research Project DATE: 12 May 2010 WORD COUNT: 5,693 PAGES: 30 KEY TERMS: Self Awareness, Interpersonal Skills, Empathy CLASSIFICATION: Unclassified The War on Terror is characterized by a tenacious enemy, longevity, repeated deployments, unpredictable risk of injury and death, and an expectation of higher order of performance. It has extracted a tremendous toll on Soldiers exposed to combat related stress. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a signature injury of this war with far reaching implications that include reduced unit operational effectiveness, damaged lives, and enormous resource expense. In addition to identification, evaluation and treatment of PTSD, effective leadership may be a means to reduce the impact of PTSD. Research indicates that some combat units are more resilient than others and that this is directly attributable to leadership. PTSD is an emotional response to situational or environmental stressors that requires leaders who understand the influence of emotions on human response and can use emotional competence to create environments that enhance resilience. Current military doctrine does not adequately emphasize integration of emotional intelligence in leadership development. The incidence of PTSD is anticipated to continue in OEF. Every avenue for reducing the impact of it should be leveraged. MITIGATING PTSD: EMOTIONALLY INTELLIGENT LEADERS Since 2001 approximately 1.6 million military service members have served one or more times in Iraq and Afghanistan. Many of them have deployed multiple times and have been involved in combat operations. The operational environments of OEF and OIF are characterized by a cunning, ruthless enemy that employs guerilla warfare, a vastly different culture, and a political arena that demands a higher level of individual and collective military performance. The unpredictability of injury or death from IED explosion that requires constant vigilance and the absence of safe zones compromise the psychological resilience of even the most conditioned, experienced Soldiers. While better armor and training have reduced the number of physical injuries and fatalities, psychological injuries have extracted a toll with far reaching implications and are signature injuries of this war. Psychiatric casualties are not peculiar to OIF/OEF. Known by names such as "A Soldier"s Heart", "Shell Shock", "Combat Fatigue" and now called Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), psychological damage resulting from exposure to combat has always existed. Current interest in the identification and treatment of post-combat psychiatric problems of Soldiers is in part a result of the negative impact that PTSD has had on veterans of the Vietnam War. PTSD is an anxiety disorder resulting from exposure to a terrifying event or ordeal that involves actual or threatened death or serious injury to one"s self or others. It is a complex psychobiological condition that can emerge in the aftermath of lifethreatening events when normal psychological and somatic stress responses to the event are not resolved. The response involves intense fear, helplessness, or horror.


The paper points out that the thought of process regards things as dynamic and it understands the characteristics of things from the perspectives of the process of change and transformation. The thought of process insists that reality is a process that constructs the universe. Everything in the world is temporary and is in the process of becoming and disappearing. I-Ching is with the thinking characteristic that regards the transformation as the interplay of two opposite traits, such as life and death, forward and backward, becoming and disappearing, which form the endless process of circle.


Laser therapy is becoming an increasingly popular method of treating numerous dermatological conditions. The widespread use of these devices is often limited by the cost and size. Low cost, portable lasers would expand the laser market further into homes, general practitioners, dermatologists, plastic surgeons, and 3rd world countries. There are numerous light devices currently on the market for hair removal and growth, acne reduction, and wrinkles. These devices are varied, from LEDs to intense pulsed light (IPL) to lasers. One particular disease is leishmaniasis, caused by a parasite carried by sand flies, most often occurring in third world countries. While there are drug therapies available, they sometimes require hospitalization for several days and are very expensive. An RF device has been FDA approved for treatment of leishmaniasis, but costs about $20,000 which is too expensive for widespread use. Since the method is heating the lesion, the same affect could be achieved using an infrared laser. Diode lasers have the capability to be produced in mass quantity for low costs, as shown by the ubiquity of diode lasers in the telecom industry and household appliances. Unfortunately, many diode lasers suffer from poor efficiency, particularly in wavelengths for dermatology. Advances are being made to improve wall plug efficiency of lasers to reduce waste heat and increase output power. In this paper, those efforts being made to develop manufacturing partners to lower the cost while increasing the production volume of long wavelength lasers will be discussed along with performance data and clinical results.


In Cote d'Ivoire, the Aghien Lagoon is under heavy fishing pressure. Mortality, recruitment pattern and exploitation rate of Schilbe mandibularis and Schilbe intermedius were investigated in this lagoon. Fish samples of both sexes (N = 575) were collected monthly between June 2014 and May 2015 from artisanal and experimental captures. Natural mortality was higher in S. intermedius (M = 0.89 years-1) than in S. mandibularis (M = 0.58 years-1). The population of S. intermedius was more vulnerable to fishing (F = 2.90 years-1) than S. mandibularis (F = 0.51 years-1). The Z/K ratio (Z/K = 2.65 for S. mandibularis; Z/K = 4.85 for S. intermedius) indicated that mortality was predominant over growth for the two species. The recruitment pattern showed one Gauss curve translates was continuous for each species. For S. mandibularis, the exploitation rate (E = 0.47) was close to E 0.1 (E 0.1 = 0.46), indicating that S. mandibularis's stock was in an optimum state of exploitation. However, for S. intermedius, Emax was lower (Emax = 0.57) than the exploitation rate (E = 0.77). This result reflected overexploitation of this species.

 Key words: Schilbe mandibularis, Schilbe intermedius, mortality, recruitment, exploitation, Aghien Lagoon.


Excessive prestress loss caused by friction in prestressed concrete continuous beam bridge and continuous rigid frame bridge can cause it premature failure.Based on Hertz Contact Theory,this study explores the law of distribution of the normal stress in Curving Hole and point out the irrational of the formula of the frictional prestressing loss.An equation of contact pressure distribution in Curving Hole is hypothesized and its loss of prestress caused by Frictional Resistance is compared.The analysis on prestress loss caused by friction in prestressed concrete continuous beam bridge and continuous rigid frame bridge in duct wall is of great theoretical value for the design of large span prestressed concrete bridge.


Peritonitis occurring after liver transplantation (PLT) has been poorly characterized to date. The aims of this study were to define the incidence, risk factors, microbiology profiles, and outcome of nonlocalized PLT. This was a retrospective study of 950 cadaveric liver transplantation (LT) procedures in 837 patients, followed for a mean of 1,086 days (range, 104‐2,483 days) after LT. PLT was defined as the presence of at least one positive ascitic fluid culture after LT. There were 108 PLT episodes in 91 patients occurring at a median of 14 days (range, 1‐102 days) after LT. Significant risk factors associated with the development of PLT by multivariate analysis included pre‐LT model for end‐stage liver disease score, duration of LT surgery, Roux‐en‐Y biliary anastomosis, and renal replacement therapy after LT. Biliary complications, intra‐abdominal bleeding, and bowel leak/perforation were associated with 34.3%, 26.9%, and 18.5% of episodes, respectively. Multiple organisms, gram‐positive cocci, fungus, and multidrug‐resistant bacteria were isolated in 61.1%, 92.6%, 25.9%, and 76.9% of ascitic fluid cultures, respectively. The 28 fungal PLT episodes were associated with bowel leak/perforation and polymicrobial peritonitis. Patients who developed PLT after their first LT had a significantly greater risk of graft loss or mortality compared to unaffected patients. Parameters significantly associated with these adverse outcomes by multivariate analysis were recipient age at LT and bowel leak or perforation after LT. In conclusion, PLT is a serious infectious complication of LT, associated with significant intra‐abdominal pathology and reduced recipient and graft survival. Liver Transpl 12:1244‐1252; 2006. © 2006 AASLD.


Objectives: To investigate the relationship between acro-osteolysis (AO), bone mineral density (BMD) and peripheral vascularity in premenopausal female patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis (dcSSc). Methods: An observational cohort study that included thirty premenopausal female patients with dcSSc. The recruited patients were categorized into two groups according to the presence of radiological signs of AO. Patients were assessed clinically, laboratory and radiologically by X-ray imaging of both hands and wrists, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry for measuring BMD and Doppler ultrasonography for evaluation of upper limbs peripheral vascularity. Results: Overall, 80% patients had AO; comparing patients with and without AO, the former had significant increase in the frequencies of Raynaud's phenomenon, calcinosis and digital pits (88.5, 94.7, 91.7) versus (11.5, 5.3, 8.3) in the latter, respectively. Additionally, they had significantly lower distal radius BMD and higher macrovascular abnormalities at both radial and ulnar arteries ( P < 0.05). On regression analysis, the most important factors associated with AO were calcinosis (OR= 1.7; 95% CI: 1.01- 3.02; P = 0.02), Raynaud's phenomenon (OR= 3.5; 95% CI: 0.6-19.4; P = 0.003), digital pits (OR= 2.8; 95% CI: 0.9-8.8; P = 0.001), low BMD at the distal radius (OR= 1.9; 95% CI: 1.1-3.0; P = 0.002), and macrovascular changes at radial and ulnar arteries (OR = 2.2; 95% CI: 0.7-6.5; P = 0.04 and OR =1.6; 95% CI: 0.9-3.0; P = 0.05) respectively. Conclusion: Calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, digital pits, vascular alterations at radial and ulnar arteries, and low BMD at the distal radius are the most important factors associated with AO in dcSSc patients.


Most clinical studies addressing sequelae in children with leukaemia are not theory-driven. Nonetheless, the role of different mediating biological (e.g. cranial irradiation, chemotherapy) and psychosocial variables (e.g. family functioning) has been empirically acknowledged. In these studies, a cause-effect relationship between biological variables and cognitive deficits, sometimes complex due to multiple agents, has been hypothesised. As for the psychosocial consequences, adaptation to the cancer-related stress has been the main focus, at both the individual and family levels. In this paper, we advocate the use of a global model for the development of handicap, derived from the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities and Handicaps (ICIDH) by the World Health Organisation. This revised model proposes that handicap is the result of complex interactions between the characteristics of a person's impairment, disabilities, and the characteristics of the environment. At each of these levels, risk/resilience factors are defined. This means that depending on the environmental obstacles they face, persons with an impairment or a disability may or may not experience a situation creating a handicap which is no longer seen as a stable status resulting from a disease to which the individual must adapt. By reviewing animal and clinical studies, current knowledge pertaining to leukaemia sequelae are integrated into the different levels defined by the model: organic impairment, disabilities, environmental obstacles, and handicap situation. Practical implications for research, policies, and individual treatments, and comparisons with existing models, are also outlined.


Mobile phone has become a common commodity and usually the most common purchased item. Thousands of types of mobiles are released every year with new features and new specification and new designs. So the real question is prediction is that what is the real price of the mobile and to estimate the price of the mobile within the market for optimal marketing and successful launch of the product. Price has become a major factor for development of any product and its sustainability in the market. Mobile prices also impact the marketing of the mobile and also its popularity with other competitors. With the available specifications and desired designs, money is also an important factor to survive within the market. Customer usually sees that they are able to buy with the specification with the given estimated price or not. So to estimating the price is an important factor before releasing the mobile and also to know about the market and competitors. In this Prediction, Dataset is collected from the existing market and different algorithms are applied to reduce the complexity and also identify the major selection features and get the best comparison within the data .This Tool is used to find the best price with maximum specifications.


Abstract : This morning I would like to give you a broad overview of how we are going about preserving our critical legacy of technological superiority in defense aviation. I will do so by speaking first about how we are adjusting our buying practices to leverage commercial products, processes and technology; second, about our preparations to launch a major new review of defense strategy; and third, about our existing modernization plans for heavy bomber, air mobility and tactical aviation forces.


A voting protocol is said to be strongly participatory if for any player i and any strategy profile either the outcome is i's preferred one or has a strategy which would ensure her a better outcome, and VNMstrategy proof if at any preference profile the set of sincere strategies of each player is a VNM-stable set. It is shown that the proportional lottery (PL) modular voting protocol is both strongly participatory and VNMstrategy proof.


Are those who fell to their deaths on September 11, 2001, exploited or honored by the display of images representing their experiences? While the circumstances that led to the actions of the man in Richard Drew's photograph are unprecedented, images of falling are not new to photojournalism or contemporary art. That images of those who fell from the towers became traumatically imprinted in people's minds suggests that they urgently merit not only detailed study but also deeper contextualization within visual culture.


The using zhuan 8G (zhuan 8AG) bogie in existing line whether can achieve the requirement of speed increased to 120 km/h, and what improvements and research became the railway sector need to face and solve importantly. Based on the experiment standard of new production and strengthened project, fatigue strength performance is studied on type zhuan 8G (zhuan 8AG) side frame used for some years when speed increases to 120 km/h. The static stress examination shows that the static strength of side frame is related to its structural design while has nothing to do with its using life. The fatigue test research indicates that the total state of used side frame is comparatively good, and the foreground used for 120 km/h is optimistic; and find that the corner of pile cap lower part(C position) is the weak site of side frame fatigue failure, the reason is closely related to the surface defect of this site. The recommendation is improving the quality requirements of this part of the side frame manufacturing technology and quality controlling document to eliminate the hidden dangers of fatigue source. Conclusions and suggestions may be referred to when competent departments make relevant decision, and offer contrast for relevant calculation study.


The most common meaning of the word compose is to create. Lawyers must be composers. They need to perform and practice. They need to reflect upon how the various aspects of composition apply in their professional lives and learn how to resolve the deeper paradoxes of composition.


A laser plasma source of extreme ultraviolet and soft x‐ray radiation has been used to print diffraction‐limited features using soft x‐ray projection lithography. A spherical condenser optic, a Si/Ge transmissive mask and a Mo/Si multilayer‐coated Schwarzschild objective having 20:1 reduction ratio were employed to pattern selected single‐layer and trilevel resists. At a numerical aperture of 0.12, a 0.1‐μm line and space pattern is clearly delineated and weak modulation is observed for the analogous 0.05‐μm pattern.


Flax business is one of the important industry of Heilongjiang economic,and has the superior resources,but industry remains low in recent years.Now according to the present situation and the existing main problems of linen textile enterprises of Heilongjiang province,makes basic countermeasures to promote linen textile enterprises development.It will have important theoretical and practical significance.


The "double certificates" system is the higher vocational education to meet the business requirements for the system of employment protection,also an important opportunity to deepen the reform and, accelerate the development of higher vocational education.In view of the present higher vocational colleges "double certificates" system of some problems,analysis of the causes,this paper introduces the practical significance of the system,and combined with the school situation solutions are put forward.